{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/definition-of-infertility-and-indications-for-fertility-evaluation-consensus-doc-tlh4azyr/","name":"Definition of Infertility and Indications for Fertility Evaluation: Consensus Document","headline":"Definition of Infertility and Indications for Fertility Evaluation: Consensus Document","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/definition-of-infertility-and-indications-for-fertility-evaluation-consensus-doc-tlh4azyr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Monica Minjeur","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6183-8258","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Radiant Clinic, Cedar Rapids, IA, USA"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tracey A Parnell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4226-1582","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Phil C Boyle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2555-6294","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NeoFertility Clinic, Suite 7, 1st Floor, Beacon Mall, Sandyford, Dublin 18, Ireland. Phil.Boyle@NeoFertility.ie."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"José Antonio Arraztoa","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad de Los Andes, Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03v0qd864"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zoreslava Horodenchuk"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Natalia Suszczewicz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3624-0391","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Military Communication Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vwh7h84"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kevin McCarthy"}],"datePublished":"2026-07-13","abstract":"Infertility is a clinical condition that is recognized by the symptom of an inability to conceive through sexual intercourse or to sustain a pregnancy, with that symptom indicating underlying male and/or female pathology.\nMETHODOLOGY\nThis definition of infertility was developed through a structured, consensus-informed process involving broad stakeholder engagement. Initially, multiple definitions currently used by various medical professional organizations were reviewed, and a definition document was drafted and submitted to the Board of Directors of the International Institute for Restorative Reproductive Medicine (IIRRM). All IIRRM members were invited to provide feedback on the draft. Approximately 2,500 individuals and 44 organizations from 92 countries were then invited to review the proposed document, representing clinical, scientific, patient, policy, and advocacy perspectives. Submitted comments were reviewed thematically, with suggested revisions evaluated for clarity, clinical relevance, inclusiveness, and consistency with contemporary restorative reproductive medicine. Following this review, 3 substantive changes, 18 minor changes, and 15 citation corrections were incorporated into the final draft which resulted in a revised definition intended to better reflect the medical, social, and practical realities of modern infertility evaluation and care. Final approval by the IIRRM Board of Directors was unanimous.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Restorative Reproductive Medicine"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.63264/zvpr3e66","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.63264/zvpr3e66"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/real-world-fertility-evaluation-care-prior-to-in-vitro-fertilization-care-gaps-t-phovc5ur/","name":"Real World Fertility Evaluation & Care Prior to In Vitro Fertilization: Care Gaps That Could be Addressed by Restorative Reproductive Medicine: A Retrospective 5-Million Patient Claims Based Care-Gap Analysis","headline":"Real World Fertility Evaluation & Care Prior to In Vitro Fertilization: Care Gaps That Could be Addressed by Restorative Reproductive Medicine: A Retrospective 5-Million Patient Claims Based Care-Gap Analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/real-world-fertility-evaluation-care-prior-to-in-vitro-fertilization-care-gaps-t-phovc5ur/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Tracey A Parnell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4226-1582","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Monica Minjeur","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6183-8258","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Radiant Clinic, Cedar Rapids, IA, USA"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Craig Turczynski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7658-9470","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Diagnostics, Dallas, TX, USA; Duquesne University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tony Pistilli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6982-2031"}],"datePublished":"2026-07-13","abstract":"Objective\nTo evaluate adherence to published American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) and American Urological Association (AUA) infertility evaluation and treatment recommendations among commercially insured infertility patients who subsequently underwent in vitro fertilization (IVF), and to assess whether observed care gaps support the need for a restorative reproductive medical framework.\nMethods\nA retrospective claims-based analysis was performed using MarketScan® Commercial Claims and Encounter Data between January 1, 2021, and December 31, 2024. Approximately five million commercially insured members were evaluated. Patients with infertility-related diagnoses who subsequently underwent IVF were identified. Claims were analyzed for evidence of selected diagnostic testing, medical treatment, or surgical interventions recommended by ASRM or AUA/ASRM guidance for specific infertility-related diagnoses before IVF initiation. Cumulative adherence rates were assessed up to nine months following initial infertility diagnosis and compared with the timing of initiating IVF.\nResults\nIVF initiation started early and consistently preceded completion of most recommended evaluations and treatments. By 3 months, the proportion of patients with IVF initiation ranged from 28% to 39% across different infertility-related diagnoses, while adherence to most recommended interventions remained low. Overall, by 9 months, IVF utilization had reached 70–85%, while many recommended evaluations and treatments remained below 40% adherence, with several interventions remaining below 15%. Observed care gaps (percentage of patients receiving IVF prior to other evaluation or treatment recommendations) ranged from approximately 13% to 78% for most recommended evaluations and treatments, with several measures demonstrating gaps over 50% of patients.\nDiscussion\nThese findings suggest substantial divergence between published infertility-care recommendations and observed practice patterns. From the perspective of restorative reproductive medicine (RRM), the gaps are clinically important because many recommended steps are directed toward identifying, correcting, restoring, or preserving reproductive function and anatomy before offering or initiating IVF treatment. Limitations to these data include lack of individualized patient medical data, preferences, or circumstances, and not capturing any treatment that was not reimbursed by commercial insurance (i.e., any cash payment for services). In addition, the recommendations assessed have variable levels of underlying evidence, and likely vary in the level of their acceptance among practicing clinicians.\nConclusions\nMany commercially insured infertility patients progressed to IVF without documented evidence of diagnostic evaluation or therapeutic interventions recommended in ASRM and AUA/ASRM guidance. These findings raise important questions regarding the implementation of adequate evaluation before IVF and the extent to which patients receive meaningful opportunities for diagnosis-directed treatment of potentially reversible causes of infertility. The findings further suggest an important role for RRM as a quality-of-care framework focused on comprehensive evaluation, correction of underlying dysfunction, preservation of reproductive anatomy and physiology, and optimization of patient-centered fertility care, prior to considering IVF.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Restorative Reproductive Medicine"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.63264/r27a3q62","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.63264/r27a3q62"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polyendocrine-metabolic-ovarian-syndrome-the-new-name-for-polycystic-ovary-syndr-ib2vtk5e/","name":"Polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome, the new name for polycystic ovary syndrome: a multistep global consensus process","headline":"Polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome, the new name for polycystic ovary syndrome: a multistep global consensus process","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polyendocrine-metabolic-ovarian-syndrome-the-new-name-for-polycystic-ovary-syndr-ib2vtk5e/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Teede HJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Khomami MB","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5955-1283"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Morman R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laven JSE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joham AE","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6307-2568"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael Costello","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7340-1356","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UNSW Sydney","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patil M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rees DA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Berry L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cree MG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hanqing Zhao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0327-3699","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hebei University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p884a79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert J Norman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5333-6451","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen Elizabeth Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x362k69"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anuja Dokras","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1085-3969","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pennsylvania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Terhi Piltonen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9921-7300","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oulu University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045ney286"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Global Name Change Consortium"}],"datePublished":"2026-06-06","abstract":"Polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome (PMOS), previously named polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), affects one in eight women. However, the term PCOS is inaccurate, implying pathological ovarian cysts, obscuring diverse endocrine and metabolic features, and contributing to delayed diagnosis, fragmented care, and stigma, while curtailing research and policy framing. Building on an international mandate for change, we outline an unprecedented, rigorous, multistep global consensus process for the name change. Funding and governance were established with engagement of 56 leading academic, clinical, and patient organisations. Using iterative global surveys (with responses from 14 360 people with PCOS and multidisciplinary health professionals from all world regions), modified Delphi methods, nominal group technique workshops, and marketing and implementation analyses, we identified principles prioritising scientific accuracy, clarity, stigma avoidance, cultural appropriateness, and implementation feasibility. An accurate new name was prioritised over retaining the PCOS acronym or a generic name. Implementation approaches prioritised evolution rather than transformation. Preferred terms were polyendocrine, metabolic, and ovarian, reflecting the condition's multisystem pathophysiology, and polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome was the consensus new name. Accuracy was improved by omitting cysts and by capturing endocrine, metabolic, and ovarian dysfunction. A co-designed global implementation strategy, including a transition period, education, and alignment with health systems and disease classification, is under way.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"407","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10545","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Lancet (London, England)"}}},"pageStart":"2329","pageEnd":"2339","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(26)00717-8","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/S0140-6736(26)00717-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"42119588"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/subfecundity-infertility-treatment-and-child-neurodevelopment-hkhkdh3f/","name":"Subfecundity, Infertility Treatment, and Child Neurodevelopment","headline":"Subfecundity, Infertility Treatment, and Child Neurodevelopment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/subfecundity-infertility-treatment-and-child-neurodevelopment-hkhkdh3f/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kahn LG, Hipwell AE, Stanford JB, Galai N, Zhao H, Alshawabkeh AN, Aschner JL, Barrett ES, Bertolla RP, Cajachagua Torres KN, Camargo CA Jr, Cordero JF, Croen LA, Deoni SC, Gogcu S, Herbstman JB, Karagas MR, LeWinn KZ, Lyall K, McEvoy CT, McKay K, O'Connor TG, Pilsner JR, Schantz SL, Schmidt RJ, Smith AK, Wilkening GN, Zhang E, Zhu Y, Ghassabian A; ECHO Cohort Consortium"}],"datePublished":"2026-06-01","abstract":"IMPORTANCE: Increasing numbers of children are conceived using infertility treatment; concerns remain about potential effects on child neurodevelopment. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether infertility treatment is associated with child neurodevelopment and whether such an association may be attributable to underlying subfecundity. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cohort study was conducted among mother-child dyads in the National Institutes of Health Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Cohort, with infants conceived between 1998 and 2022. Associations of subfecundity and infertility treatment with neurodevelopmental outcomes were assessed among children ages 2 to 10 years. Data were analyzed from May 14, 2025, to March 31, 2026. EXPOSURE: Subfecundity was defined as prior consultation for, treatment of, or diagnosis of infertility for either partner; at least 2 prior miscarriages; or ever having had unprotected heterosexual intercourse for 12 months without conceiving. Infertility treatment was categorized as in vitro fertilization (IVF) or non-IVF treatment. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Harmonized caregiver responses to the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and the Child Behavior Checklist yielded continuous raw scores for externalizing and internalizing problems. The total raw Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) score quantified autism-like symptoms. Caregivers reported physician diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). RESULTS: Among 15 382 mother-infant dyads, there were 14 191 unique maternal participants (mean [SD] age at delivery, 30.9 [5.33] years; 8780 parous participants [57.1%]). ASD and ADHD were diagnosed in 876 offspring (7.6%) and 819 offspring (7.1%), respectively. In generalized linear models, subfecundity was associated with higher externalizing problem and SRS scores among all pregnancies (externalizing problems: b = 0.47 [95% CI, 0.14-0.81]; SRS score: b = 1.08 [95% CI, 0.01-2.14]) and when restricted to natural conceptions (externalizing problems: b = 0.45 [95% CI, 0.07-0.83]; SRS score: b = 1.12 [95% CI, -0.09 to 2.34]). Offspring of parents with subfecundity had higher odds of ASD (overall: odds ratio [OR], 1.27 [95% CI, 1.03-1.57]; natural conceptions: OR, 1.31 [95% CI, 1.04-1.64]). Children conceived via non-IVF treatment had higher odds of ADHD compared with those conceived via natural conception with subfecundity (OR, 1.77 [95% CI, 1.16-2.68]) or without subfecundity (OR, 1.54 [95% CI, 1.05-2.25]). There were no significant associations for IVF treatment. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this large US cohort study, subfecundity was associated with elevated scores for caregiver-reported symptoms of behavioral problems and higher odds of ASD diagnosis, independent of infertility treatment. Non-IVF treatment was associated with ADHD, warranting further research into specific indications for treatment that may increase risk of offspring neurodevelopmental problems.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA Network Open"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.17324","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.17324"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"42258210"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/potential-increase-of-the-us-total-fertility-rate-resulting-from-restorative-tre-zanksw9x/","name":"Potential increase of the U.S. total fertility rate resulting from restorative treatment of unresolved subfertility: a simulation study","headline":"Potential increase of the U.S. total fertility rate resulting from restorative treatment of unresolved subfertility: a simulation study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/potential-increase-of-the-us-total-fertility-rate-resulting-from-restorative-tre-zanksw9x/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Harris ER"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shahpar Najmabadi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4763-4310","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ken R Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0682-3705","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2026-05-25","abstract":"Background The total fertility rate (TFR) in most developed countries has been declining for decades. In the United States (U.S.), the total fertility rate has remained below replacement level since 2007. Subfertility affects at least 15% of women or couples over their reproductive lifespan and contributes to reduced TFR. Restorative reproductive medicine (RRM) is a medically based approach to subfertility care that can be delivered in primary care settings to increase live birth rates. Objective To estimate the theoretical impact of use of RRM among subfertile couples in the United States. Methods We conducted a simulation study. Model inputs included the number of women of reproductive age in the United States by 5-year age groups; current age-specific and total fertility rates; the proportion of women in each age group with subfertility; estimated spontaneous live birth rates among women with subfertility; and age-specific crude live birth rates with RRM treatment. We evaluated fifteen scenarios including sensitivity analyses: two different varying assumptions for spontaneous conception (25% vs. 50%), two levels of RRM utilization among subfertile women (20% vs. 50%), three different estimates of the number of subfertile women who would be potentially eligible for RRM treatment, and 4 different levels of effectiveness (live birth) from RRM treatment. Results The baseline TFR in the United States was 1.77 during 2015-2019, and 13.5% of women ages 20-44 were estimated to have subfertility. In a conservative scenario (50% spontaneous births; 20% RRM utilization; married women trying to conceive for at least 12 months, 20.7% RRM live births), the TFR increased to 1.79, representing a 1.0% relative increase (absolute +0.02). In an optimistic scenario (25% spontaneous births; 50% RRM utilization; all subfertile women), the TFR increased to 2.02, a 14.5% relative increase (absolute +0.26), approaching replacement-level fertility. Conclusion Simulation results suggest that expanding access to RRM within primary care settings could meaningfully increase the U.S. TFR, by reducing unresolved subfertility. Realizing this potential would require policy and health system changes to address workforce capacity, insurance coverage, and equitable access. These findings underscore the potential contribution of non-IVF fertility care pathways in addressing population-level fertility decline.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Reproductive Health"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3389/frph.2026.1856175","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q140374802"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/frph.2026.1856175"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q140374802"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/molecular-mechanisms-and-multiorgan-regulatory-roles-of-antimullerian-hormone-in-4vjucfrn/","name":"Molecular mechanisms and multi-organ regulatory roles of anti-Müllerian hormone in female reproduction","headline":"Molecular mechanisms and multi-organ regulatory roles of anti-Müllerian hormone in female reproduction","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/molecular-mechanisms-and-multiorgan-regulatory-roles-of-antimullerian-hormone-in-4vjucfrn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jingyi Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4874-2874","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wuhan Union Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0371fqr87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wenjing Zhu","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Qingdao University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021cj6z65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bu Y"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lin Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0312-4801","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jiangsu Province Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04py1g812"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wei H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Suqun Zhang","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010826a91"}}],"datePublished":"2026-05-14","abstract":"Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), produced by ovarian granulosa cells, is a key regulator of female reproduction. Traditionally seen as a local follicular brake, emerging evidence calls for a paradigm shift. We propose that AMH acts as a context-dependent signaling hub. It primarily signals via the Smad1/5/8 pathway and interacts with Wnt/β-catenin and MAPK cascades to regulate follicle growth and steroidogenesis. Beyond the ovary, AMH and its receptors are expressed in the hypothalamus, pituitary, uterus, and placenta, modulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and other reproductive processes. This review provides a comprehensive framework for understanding AMH as a context-dependent signaling hub in female mammals.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Communications Biology"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-026-10273-1","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/s42003-026-10273-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"42135492"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recurrent-pregnancy-loss-a-committee-opinion-ekx8pstx/","name":"Recurrent pregnancy loss: a committee opinion","headline":"Recurrent pregnancy loss: a committee opinion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recurrent-pregnancy-loss-a-committee-opinion-ekx8pstx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine"}],"datePublished":"2026-04-29","abstract":"Current strategies for the assessment and treatment of recurrent pregnancy loss are discussed. This replaces the previous document, titled, \"Evaluation and treatment of recurrent pregnancy loss: a committee opinion,\" last published in 2012.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2026.03.001","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2026.03.001"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"42062119"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dysmenorrhea-and-related-disorders-867doufs/","name":"Intravaginal progesterone as a fertility-sparing treatment for symptomatic adenomyosis: preliminary results from a monocentric study","headline":"Intravaginal progesterone as a fertility-sparing treatment for symptomatic adenomyosis: preliminary results from a monocentric study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dysmenorrhea-and-related-disorders-867doufs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"de Cicco Nardone C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sangiovanni MC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sangiovanni GM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Francesco Plotti","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6218-5616","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Campus Bio Medico, Rome, Italy. f.plotti@unicampus.it."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Montera R","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1571-0035"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Luvero D","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3537-7014"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roberto Angioli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8528-4318","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Campus Bio Medico, Rome, Italy. R.Angioli@unicampus.it."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Corrado Terranova","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2231-8506","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Campus Bio Medico, Rome, Italy. C.Terranova@unicampus.it."}}],"datePublished":"2026-04-28","abstract":"PURPOSE: Adenomyosis is a chronic uterine disorder characterised by ectopic endometrial tissue within the myometrium, frequently associated with dysmenorrhea, abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB), chronic pelvic pain (CPP), and dyspareunia. No standardised guidelines are currently available for its management, and therapeutic options remain limited for women seeking fertility preservation. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of intravaginal progesterone in alleviating adenomyosis-related symptoms in patients seeking fertility preservation.\n\nMETHODS: In this prospective monocentric observational study, 85 patients aged 22-50 years with ultrasound-confirmed symptomatic adenomyosis were enrolled between April 2020 and April 2024. Inclusion criteria were age 18-55 years, BMI 18-35, and a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score ≥ 7 for dysmenorrhea, AUB, CPP, or dyspareunia. All patients received 200 mg/day of intravaginal progesterone for 10 days per cycle. Symptom severity was assessed using VAS scores at baseline and at 6 months. Data were analysed using non-parametric statistical tests.\n\nRESULTS: Sixty-five patients completed the 6-month follow-up. Four patients conceived during treatment and were excluded from the final analysis. Statistically significant improvements were observed for all assessed symptoms (all p < 0.05). Median VAS scores decreased for dysmenorrhea (9 to 6, p < 0.001), AUB (8 to 6, p < 0.001), chronic pelvic pain (5.5 to 3.5, p < 0.001), and dyspareunia (2 to 0, p = 0.020). The overall treatment satisfaction was high, with a mean Likert score of 7.5 out of 10.\n\nCONCLUSION: Intravaginal progesterone appears to be an effective fertility-sparing treatment for symptomatic adenomyosis, providing significant relief across all primary symptoms, with high patient satisfaction. Larger controlled studies are warranted to confirm these preliminary findings and further define its role in clinical practice.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"313","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Archives of gynecology and obstetrics"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-026-08361-y","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00404-026-08361-y"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"42050103"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/consumption-of-maternal-placenta-in-humans-and-nonhuman-mammals-beneficial-and-a-pcmewzri/","name":"Role of placental glucose metabolism in steroidogenesis in healthy pregnancies at term","headline":"Role of placental glucose metabolism in steroidogenesis in healthy pregnancies at term","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/consumption-of-maternal-placenta-in-humans-and-nonhuman-mammals-beneficial-and-a-pcmewzri/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sajjad MU"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Henriksen T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Haugen G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michelsen TM"}],"datePublished":"2026-04-28","abstract":"BACKGROUND: The human placenta consumes, on average, one third of the glucose from maternal blood. However, the role of placental glucose consumption in the production of estradiol and progesterone remains unclear. We hypothesized that placental glucose consumption in humans is associated with steroid production via a non-glycolytic pathway.\n\nMETHODS: We included 41 healthy pregnancies at term. Blood samples were obtained from the maternal radial artery, uterine vein, and from the umbilical artery and vein during scheduled cesarean delivery. Blood flow in the uterine artery and umbilical vein was measured using Doppler ultrasound. Plasma concentrations of estradiol, progesterone, glucose, insulin, lactate, and ketones were analyzed. We calculated uteroplacental uptake and consumption of maternal glucose and ketones, and the loss of uteroplacental lactate in 6-carbon units as well as the release of steroid hormones into maternal circulation.\n\nRESULTS: Our data revealed a net placental release of estradiol and progesterone into maternal circulation [24.1 (5.34, 49.8) and 560.3 (61.2, 798.2) nmol/min, respectively]. The release of estradiol was positively associated with uteroplacental glucose uptake (ρ = 0.59, p < 0.001) and consumption (ρ = 0.43, p = 0.005), while progesterone exhibited similar associations (ρ = 0.61, p < 0.001; ρ = 0.43, p = 0.005). Notably, both hormones correlated positively with lactate-adjusted uteroplacental glucose consumption but not with acetate-equivalent uteroplacental ketone consumption.\n\nCONCLUSION: Placental release of estradiol and progesterone correlates with uteroplacental consumption of glucose that primarily occurs via non-glycolytic pathways in the third trimester placenta.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"313","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Archives of gynecology and obstetrics"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-025-08293-z","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00404-025-08293-z"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"42050206"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/tuboplasty-b1yfsfsh/","name":"Tuboplasty","headline":"Tuboplasty","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/tuboplasty-b1yfsfsh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"William Nolan"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Whittaker N"}],"datePublished":"2026-04-16","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Textbook of Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery"},"pageStart":"280","pageEnd":"286","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003312109-33","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q140180632"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1201/9781003312109-33"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q140180632"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/restorative-reproductive-medicine-restricting-access-to-care-rva0mszz/","name":"Restorative Reproductive Medicine Restricting Access to Care","headline":"Restorative Reproductive Medicine Restricting Access to Care","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/restorative-reproductive-medicine-restricting-access-to-care-rva0mszz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Monica Minjeur","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6183-8258","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Radiant Clinic, Cedar Rapids, IA, USA"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tracey A Parnell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4226-1582","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2026-04-16","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2026.2475","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jama.2026.2475"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"41989810"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/public-awareness-perceptions-and-preferences-in-fertility-treatment-secondary-an-qpmsme9e/","name":"Public Awareness, Perceptions, and Preferences in Fertility Treatment: Secondary Analysis of Two Public Surveys","headline":"Public Awareness, Perceptions, and Preferences in Fertility Treatment: Secondary Analysis of Two Public Surveys","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/public-awareness-perceptions-and-preferences-in-fertility-treatment-secondary-an-qpmsme9e/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Tracey A Parnell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4226-1582","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathleen Copeland","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4487-9613","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"International Institute for Restorative Reproductive Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02ph6p167"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Monica Minjeur","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6183-8258","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Radiant Clinic, Cedar Rapids, IA, USA"}}],"datePublished":"2026-04-15","abstract":"Objective: This study examined public attitudes toward restorative reproductive medicine (RRM) and in vitro fertilization (IVF) using secondary analysis and comparative reporting of two independent surveys conducted in the United States. It also explored preferences among individuals with fertility issues and the general population’s views on treatment options.\n\nMethod: A secondary analysis was conducted using data from two nationally representative online surveys, designed and administered by organizations independent of the researchers, whose samples demographically reflected the U.S. adult population. The surveys—conducted by J.L. Partners (N=1002) and McLaughlin & Associates (N=1000)—assessed familiarity, acceptance, and attitudes toward IVF and RRM. The J.L. Partners survey focused on IVF, including medical risks, creation and use of embryos, preimplantation genetic testing, arguments for government oversight of IVF, and overall attitudes toward IVF. The McLaughlin survey focused on comparative descriptions of IVF and RRM. Pearson’s Chi-Square tests of independence were used to assess differences in response distributions across demographic subgroups and between survey items of interest.\n\nFindings: Overall, there was strong consistency of responses to items that were similar in the two surveys. Approximately 80% supported IVF initially, although both surveys found respondents to have limited knowledge about IVF procedures. In contrast, 33% supported RRM initially, with 43% having never heard of RRM. After learning more about the characteristics of RRM and IVF approaches, as presented within the surveys, preference shifted toward approaches consistent with RRM (e.g., 69% preference for an approach for natural fertilization in a woman’s body vs. 17% for fertilization in a lab). Respondents prioritized baby health (74%) over cost (13%) and time to conceive (6%). Many IVF patients were concerned about undiagnosed health issues and being rushed into IVF. Overall, 70% wanted treatments that addressed underlying causes; nearly half were unaware of any medical risks of IVF. Stated support for IVF declined by 10% overall after presentation of medical risks, questions about the creation and use of embryos and genetic testing, and arguments to support government oversight of IVF. Both surveys showed strong support for patient access to full information about treatments and treatment processes.\n\nConclusion: While IVF is widely accepted, these national survey data suggest preferences for fertility treatments that prioritize diagnosis and restoration of natural reproductive health, which is the focus of restorative reproductive medicine. Comprehensive assessment, restoration of healthy function, transparency regarding treatment processes, and sensitivity to ethical concerns in patient care reflect important public values. Greater awareness and public education, improved consent, more research, and ongoing surveys are needed to inform public health strategies and meet patient needs in fertility care.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Restorative Reproductive Medicine"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.63264/6yy3mw82","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.63264/6yy3mw82"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/optimization-of-conception-with-intercourse-for-women-with-infertility-6sbpzml5/","name":"Optimization of conception with intercourse for women with infertility","headline":"Optimization of conception with intercourse for women with infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/optimization-of-conception-with-intercourse-for-women-with-infertility-6sbpzml5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Boedeker D","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9236-6873"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neumann B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vest A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7889-1956"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hill MJ","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3104-7763"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Erica Johnstone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3382-3500","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2026-04-09","abstract":"This narrative review examines the evidence for medical optimization of inflammatory conditions, vitamin deficiencies, endocrine disorders, immune dysregulation, oligo-ovulation, and luteal phase factors to improve fertility outcomes in women attempting to conceive through natural or timed intercourse. Overall, there is a paucity of data with respect to these categories among patients pursuing timed intercourse, precluding our ability to draw strong recommendations. However, there is strong evidence supporting treatment of endocrine disorders, specifically overt thyroid dysfunction and hyperprolactinemia, as well as oligo-ovulation. Conversely, treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism is not recommended. The current data are insufficient to support empiric use of antiinflammatory medications, corticosteroids, thyroid hormones, or vitamins or supplements to improve chances of pregnancy in a general infertility population.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2026.04.002","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2026.04.002"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"41966349"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effectiveness-and-safety-of-restorative-reproductive-medicine-rrm-compared-t-vrqg1wuo/","name":"The effectiveness and safety of restorative reproductive medicine (RRM) compared to assisted reproductive technology or medically unassisted conception: a systematic review","headline":"The effectiveness and safety of restorative reproductive medicine (RRM) compared to assisted reproductive technology or medically unassisted conception: a systematic review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effectiveness-and-safety-of-restorative-reproductive-medicine-rrm-compared-t-vrqg1wuo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ganci D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Steeper M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Polyakov A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunkara SK","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1530-4854"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wilkinson J","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3513-4677"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lensen S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1694-1142"}],"datePublished":"2026-04-09","abstract":"IMPORTANCE: Restorative Reproductive Medicine (RRM) aims to restore fertility by diagnosing and treating the underlying causes of infertility. RRM is frequently promoted as an alternative to assisted reproductive technology (ART), despite uncertainty regarding its comparative effectiveness and safety. Where delayed childbearing and infertility are becoming more common, reliance on optimization of natural physiology alone may delay effective treatment and compromise reproductive outcomes. A systematic review of the current evidence comparing RRM to either ART or unassisted conception is, therefore, essential to inform clinical practice, guideline development, and shared decision-making for patients experiencing infertility.\n\nOBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness and safety of RRM approaches, evaluated as a whole, rather than as individual components, compared with ART and medically unassisted conception in couples experiencing infertility.\n\nEVIDENCE REVIEW: A systematic literature search of MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL and the Journal of Restorative Reproductive Medicine from inception to 28 November 2025. We included randomized control trials (RCTs) or nonrandomized comparative studies evaluating reproductive and safety outcomes of RRM as a unified treatment, compared with either ART or expectant management (attempted medically unassisted conception). Two reviewers independently screened titles, abstracts and full texts with disagreements resolved by a third reviewer.\n\nFINDINGS: We retrieved 724 records, of which 16 studies underwent full-text review. No RCTs or comparative observational studies were identified. All 16 full-text studies were excluded for an ineligible study design (no control group); most were cohort studies in which all participants underwent RRM. Ten studies reported reproductive outcomes; nine of these made claims regarding the benefits or effectiveness of RRM. None of these claims were supported by the study designs used, as the lack of a comparison group precludes reliable estimation of treatment effects. Consequently, these studies cannot provide valid estimates of RRM success rates, nor permit any meaningful inference about its effectiveness relative to unassisted conception or ART. Large-scale RCTs or prospective cohort studies reporting effectiveness and safety outcomes are required to inform evidence-based fertility guidelines.\n\nCONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: There are no comparative studies to support reliable estimates of the safety and effectiveness of RRM compared with ART or medically unassisted conception for couples experiencing infertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2026.03.039","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2026.03.039"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"41966348"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ywhaz-loss-is-associated-with-endometrial-dysfunction-in-proliferativephase-endo-c9bjb0tz/","name":"YWHAZ loss is associated with endometrial dysfunction in proliferative-phase endometriosis","headline":"YWHAZ loss is associated with endometrial dysfunction in proliferative-phase endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ywhaz-loss-is-associated-with-endometrial-dysfunction-in-proliferativephase-endo-c9bjb0tz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Santos da Silva A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rahman MS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eui Min Jeong","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3657-5219","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inha University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01easw929"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nahar S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Steven L Young","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5205-4495","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bruce A Lessey","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8451-2817","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of South Carolina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02b6qw903"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jeong JW","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5368-6478"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kim TH"}],"datePublished":"2026-04-05","abstract":"Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent inflammatory disorder frequently associated with infertility and characterized by progesterone resistance and impaired endometrial receptivity. While ectopic lesions define the disease, accumulating evidence indicates that molecular abnormalities within the eutopic endometrium substantially contribute to infertility. In this study, we performed transcriptomic analysis of proliferative-phase eutopic endometrium from women with and without endometriosis and identified 44 dysregulated genes, including 13 upregulated and 31 downregulated genes, in women with endometriosis compared with controls. Among the significantly altered genes, YWHAZ (14-3-3 zeta) emerged as a prominently downregulated gene. Reduced YWHAZ expression was further validated at the protein level in both epithelial and stromal compartments of the endometrium from women with endometriosis. To investigate its physiological regulation, we examined YWHAZ expression during early pregnancy in mice and observed a dynamic, stage-specific pattern during the peri-implantation period, with strong expression at gestational days 3.5 and 4.5 and robust expression at the primary decidual zone at gestational day 5.5. Notably, YWHAZ expression was nearly abolished in uteri from progesterone receptor knockout and uterine signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 conditional knockout (Pgrcre/+Stat3f/f) mice, indicating that YWHAZ is dependent on intact progesterone receptor and STAT3 signaling. Together, these findings identify YWHAZ as a hormonally and transcriptionally regulated endometrial factor that is disrupted in endometriosis and tightly linked to implantation and decidual progression. This study highlights YWHAZ as a potential molecular node connecting progesterone resistance and STAT3 dysregulation to defective endometrial function and infertility in endometriosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"171","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproduction (Cambridge, England)"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/reprod/xaag038","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/reprod/xaag038"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"41885596"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-progesterone-supplement-therapy-for-prevention-of-preterm-birth-review-of-lh7ieqbz/","name":"Migraine across the menopausal transition and beyond: A narrative review","headline":"Migraine across the menopausal transition and beyond: A narrative review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-progesterone-supplement-therapy-for-prevention-of-preterm-birth-review-of-lh7ieqbz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Korn TF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bernstein C"}],"datePublished":"2026-04-03","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Migraine is a neurologic disorder that disproportionately affects women and undergoes important changes across the menopausal transition. Estrogen fluctuations contribute to migraine expression and underlie the 3:1 female-to-male prevalence. Perimenopause, marked by hormonal variability and rising cardiometabolic risk, presents unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Despite its high prevalence, evidence specific to perimenopausal and postmenopausal women remains limited.\n\nOBJECTIVE: This review synthesizes current evidence on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management of migraine across the menopausal transition, with attention to hormone therapy, comorbidities, and emerging treatments.\n\nMETHODS: We conducted a narrative review of clinical and translational studies published within the past 5 years, supplemented by seminal mechanistic, epidemiologic, and guideline-defining studies published earlier. Relevant guideline statements from neurology, gynecology, and cardiovascular societies were also incorporated.\n\nRESULTS: Unstable estradiol and progesterone levels during perimenopause can worsen migraine frequency and predictability. Migraine without aura often improves after menopause, whereas migraine with aura tends to persist and independently increases the risk of ischemic stroke and other vascular events. Midlife comorbidities-including vasomotor symptoms, sleep disturbance, mood disorders, and metabolic disease-further complicate management. Menopausal hormone therapy has variable effects. Oral estrogen, particularly at higher doses, may worsen migraine and elevate vascular risk, especially in women with aura. In contrast, low-dose transdermal estrogen-recommended by the North American Menopause Society-appears safer and better tolerated. Continuous progestogen regimens may reduce withdrawal-related attacks compared with cyclic regimens. Nonhormonal options, particularly selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, may be considered when vasomotor symptoms coexist, whereas migraine-specific prevention should follow established evidence-based therapies. Traditional migraine therapies (triptans, NSAIDs, beta-blockers, topiramate, antidepressants) remain central but require tailoring to vascular, bone, and metabolic health. Newer agents-including calcitonin gene-related peptide monoclonal antibodies, gepants, and ditans-offer effective, non-vasoconstrictive alternatives, especially for women with cardiovascular contraindications.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Migraine during the menopausal transition reflects the interplay between hormonal dynamics and systemic health. Management requires balancing efficacy with vascular and metabolic safety while incorporating patient preferences. Evidence gaps include the lack of trials stratified by menopausal stage or migraine subtype. Multidisciplinary, menopause-informed care and prospective studies are needed to optimize outcomes in this population.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Headache"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1111/head.70071","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/head.70071"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"41934093"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-association-between-history-of-infertility-and-dietary-practices-a-crosssect-fklekboy/","name":"The Association Between History of Infertility and Dietary Practices: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Preconception Females","headline":"The Association Between History of Infertility and Dietary Practices: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Preconception Females","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-association-between-history-of-infertility-and-dietary-practices-a-crosssect-fklekboy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Andriana Velmahos","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Boston University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wendy Kuohung","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1764-2264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tian-Li Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7082-449X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mahindra and Mahindra Limited (India)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01c5dd102"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lauren A Wise","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2138-3752","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts and 2Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center at Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}}],"datePublished":"2026-04-01","abstract":"Objective: To evaluate the extent to which a history of infertility is associated with adherence to specific diets among reproductive-aged females.\n\nDesign: Cross-sectional analysis\n\nSubjects: Between 2017–2023, 7,227 North American female pregnancy planners aged 21-45 years enrolled in PRESTO (Pregnancy Study Online), a preconception cohort study. Participants completed self-administered baseline questionnaires during preconception.\n\nExposure: Infertility history, defined as: 1) self-reported 12-month clinical infertility, 2) history of visiting a clinician for an infertility work-up, and/or 3) clinician-identified cause of infertility (e.g., ovulatory or tubal).\n\nMain Outcome Measure: Adherence to specific diets, including vegetarian, vegan, Mediterranean, Paleo, Weight Watchers®, ketogenic, dairy free, gluten free, Atkins®, South Beach®, Zone®, raw foods, or other at baseline. Multivariable log-binomial regression models estimated the prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusted for age, income, and body mass index (BMI).\n\nResults: The percentage of participants with a history of infertility was 26% based on the 12-month clinical infertility definition, 30% based on visiting a physician for infertility evaluation, and 26% based on an infertility diagnosis following a physician visit. Overall adherence to any particular diet was low (4.6% vegetarian, 2.8% ketogenic, 1.7% Weight Watchers®, 1.4% Mediterranean, 1.3% vegan, 0.8% Paleo, and all other diets: <0.8%); 86.6% reported not adhering to any particular diet. A history of 12-month clinical infertility was associated with lower adherence to vegetarian (PR=0.78; 95% CI: 0.60-1.03), Paleo (PR=0.43; 95% CI: 0.19-0.98), and Weight Watchers® (PR=0.55; 95% CI: 0.34-0.91) diets. An infertility history involving a medical work-up was associated with a higher prevalence of adherence to a ketogenic diet (PR=1.56; 95% CI: 1.17-2.09). Participants whose infertility was attributed to ovulatory or tubal causes were nearly two times more likely to adhere to a ketogenic diet (PR=2.01; 95% CI: 1.38-2.94; PR=2.22; 95% CI: 1.09-4.49, respectively).\n\nLimitations: The cross-sectional design cannot establish temporality or causality. Data on dietary patterns and infertility history were self-reported, which can introduce misclassification. Generalizability may be limited because participants were pregnancy planners not using fertility treatments; participants were also more likely to be non-Hispanic White and of higher socioeconomic status than the general population.\n\nConclusion: The ketogenic diet was more prevalent among females with an infertility history, while vegetarian, Paleo, and Weight Watchers® diets were less prevalent. These associations mirror the results of studies evaluating the reverse relationship, suggesting that some patients with infertility seek information for behavioral modifications via evidence-based medicine.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Restorative Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"1","pageEnd":"10","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.63264/s9kw1069","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.63264/s9kw1069"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-awareness-methods-and-waiting-conduct-in-idiopathic-infertility-a-pros-toeisff6/","name":"Fertility awareness methods and waiting conduct in idiopathic infertility: a prospective observational study","headline":"Fertility awareness methods and waiting conduct in idiopathic infertility: a prospective observational study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-awareness-methods-and-waiting-conduct-in-idiopathic-infertility-a-pros-toeisff6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Barbato M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Del Zoppo S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Parazzini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5624-4854","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05aspc753"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrea Graziani","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3239-2374","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Padua","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00240q980"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Guida","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7444-016X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Naples Federico II","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05290cv24"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alberto Ferlin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5817-8141","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Padua","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00240q980"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Frigerio L","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9823-788X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Giuseppe Grande","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3264-0937","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Unit of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy."}}],"datePublished":"2026-03-10","abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Couple infertility is a common clinical condition that is too often treated with assisted reproductive techniques (ARTs) without a proper evaluation of both male and female factors. To improve the likelihood of natural conception, fertility awareness methods (FAMs) are widely used. METHODS: We performed a multicenter prospective study enrolling couples with primary idiopathic infertility who were seeking natural conception. Participants were followed for 12 months using FAMs, and their outcomes were compared with those of couples who only used ARTs. The aim of our study was to evaluate the pregnancy rate after 12 months among couples with idiopathic infertility using FAMs compared with those who immediately pursued ARTs. We evaluated 41 couples in the FAM group and 56 couples in the ART group. RESULTS: In the FAM group, we reported a pregnancy rate (PR) of 51.22%. Among women aged <34 years, we reported a PR of 90.9%, while it decreased to 36.7% among women aged 35-39 years. In the ART group, 10 couples achieved pregnancy (PR 17.8%). Within this group, we reported a PR of 30% among women aged <34 years and 17.4% among women aged 35-39 years. DISCUSSION: After 12 months of unprotected intercourse without spontaneous conception in women younger than 35 years or after 6 months in women aged 35-39 years, couples should undergo a complete multidisciplinary diagnostic evaluation involving both the male and female partners. If a diagnosis of idiopathic infertility is established at the end of this process, couples (especially younger ones) may be advised to wait an additional 12 months while using FAMs, as no advantage has been observed with direct access to ARTs. They could then be referred to ART if a spontaneous pregnancy is not achieved during this period.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Reproductive Health"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3389/frph.2026.1753325","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q140365994"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/frph.2026.1753325"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"41883420"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q140365994"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/beyond-ivf-what-people-really-want-from-fertility-care-sjmqdaqa/","name":"Beyond IVF: What People Really Want from Fertility Care","headline":"Beyond IVF: What People Really Want from Fertility Care","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/beyond-ivf-what-people-really-want-from-fertility-care-sjmqdaqa/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Carrot Fertility"}],"datePublished":"2026-03-01","abstract":"Survey of 1,010 adults across the United States, United Kingdom, Ireland, and Canada (March 2026) who are trying to conceive, tried in the past five years, or plan to try within five years. IVF awareness is high (89%) but only 58% would consider pursuing it, a 31-point gap, the largest of any option surveyed, driven by perceptions of cost and invasiveness. 89% of women said they would prefer to try a less invasive fertility option before pursuing IVF if supported by clinical guidance; 83% would choose lower-cost options first. Metabolic health support generated the highest patient appetite of any pathway: 84% would consider it and 85% would seek more information, yet only 44% had a clinical conversation about metabolic health during their fertility journey. Mens health support showed a similar pattern (80% would consider; only 43% of men had a provider conversation). 78% said better understanding of non-IVF options would make them more likely to pursue those options first. 49% learned about their fertility options only after beginning to try to conceive; 58% wished they had received more fertility education before trying (70% among those mid-journey). 84% agreed access to multiple fertility options would increase decision confidence, the most widely endorsed statement in the survey. 80% would be more likely to stay with an employer offering comprehensive fertility coverage (85% of women); 83% said the same of insurers. Sample: mean age 34.3; 56.7% female; 36.4% reported at least one diagnosed metabolic condition; 14.7% of women reported PCOS. Recruited via CloudResearch Connect panel.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Carrot Fertility"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/postvasectomy-pain-syndrome-diagnosis-management-and-treatment-options-xinbi2ga/","name":"Vasectomy Reversal Provides Symptomatic Relief in Patients With Postvasectomy Pain Syndrome: A Systematic Review","headline":"Vasectomy Reversal Provides Symptomatic Relief in Patients With Postvasectomy Pain Syndrome: A Systematic Review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/postvasectomy-pain-syndrome-diagnosis-management-and-treatment-options-xinbi2ga/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lahiji R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Safdar B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Abdollahzadeh A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"McKenzie J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chi-Chen Hong","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0499dwk57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Braunschweig A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"De Jesus-Escano M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Palmateer G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patil D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Master VA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cimmino CB"}],"datePublished":"2026-03-01","abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Postvasectomy pain syndrome (PVPS) is a poorly understood, chronic condition affecting up to 5% of men post vasectomy. With limited evidence guiding its management, vasectomy reversal (VR) has been referenced as a potential treatment modality. This systematic review evaluates the current literature on the efficacy of VR in relieving PVPS symptoms.\n\nMETHODS: A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, ScienceDirect, SCOPUS, and Web of Science databases in accordance with Preferred Peporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 guidelines. Eligible studies included case series and clinical reports from the last 15 years that assessed pain outcomes after VR in men diagnosed with PVPS. Primary outcomes included pain resolution or reduction postoperatively, measured through visual analogue pain scores or patient-reported outcomes.\n\nRESULTS: Five studies involving 123 patients were included, encompassing vasovasostomy, vasoepididymostomy, and robotic-assisted techniques. All studies reported symptomatic improvement after VR, with pain score reductions ranging from 60% to 83%. While 2 studies used validated pain scoring systems before intervention and post intervention, the remaining studies reported other subjective or percentage-based improvements. Across all studies, VR was associated with high rates of patient satisfaction and willingness to undergo the procedure again.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: VR seems to offer meaningful pain relief in patients suffering from PVPS. However, further high-quality prospective studies and randomized controlled trials are needed to concretely establish its efficacy, compare it with alternative treatments, and develop standardized treatment algorithms.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Urology practice"}}},"pageStart":"166","pageEnd":"171","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1097/UPJ.0000000000000909","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/UPJ.0000000000000909"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"41104924"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/obesity-and-menstrual-irregularity-associations-with-shbg-testosterone-and-insul-qkbpcdl5/","name":"Hormonal Profile and Anthropometric Indices As Determinants of Metabolic Risk in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Prospective Observational Study","headline":"Hormonal Profile and Anthropometric Indices As Determinants of Metabolic Risk in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Prospective Observational Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/obesity-and-menstrual-irregularity-associations-with-shbg-testosterone-and-insul-qkbpcdl5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Napolean N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chaurasiya S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Khanna S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6121-9282"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachan S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ritesh Singh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8818-9677","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Michigan State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dey J"}],"datePublished":"2026-03-01","abstract":"Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous endocrine-metabolic disorder characterized by reproductive, hormonal, and metabolic disturbances. This study aimed to evaluate the association between clinical features, anthropometric indices, hormonal parameters, metabolic profile, ultrasonographic findings, and the second-to-fourth digit (2D:4D) ratio in women with PCOS compared to age-matched healthy controls. Methods A case-control study was conducted, including women diagnosed with PCOS and age-matched healthy controls. Clinical features, anthropometric measurements (BMI, waist-hip ratio (WHR), waist-height ratio (WHtR)), hormonal parameters (luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH)), metabolic variables (fasting glucose, lipid profile), ultrasonographic findings, and 2D:4D digit ratio were assessed. Statistical analysis was performed using appropriate tests, and a p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Women with PCOS exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of menstrual irregularity, polycystic ovarian morphology, hirsutism, and acne (p < 0.001). Hormonal analysis showed significantly elevated LH, FSH, and AMH levels in PCOS cases (p < 0.001). Anthropometric indices, including BMI, WHR, and WHtR, were significantly higher among PCOS cases (p < 0.01), indicating increased general and central adiposity. In contrast, fasting glucose and lipid profile levels did not differ significantly between groups. Additionally, the 2D:4D ratio was significantly lower in PCOS cases (p < 0.01) and showed significant negative correlations with BMI, WHR, WHtR, and cholesterol levels. Conclusion The study demonstrates that PCOS is associated with significant hormonal dysregulation, central obesity, and early metabolic alterations. The lower 2D:4D ratio observed in PCOS supports the role of prenatal androgen exposure in disease pathogenesis. These findings highlight the complex interplay between developmental, metabolic, and endocrine factors in PCOS and underscore the importance of early identification and comprehensive management strategies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cureus"}}},"pageStart":"e105995","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.105995","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.7759/cureus.105995"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"42046610"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gestational-progesterone-restores-menstrual-cycle-in-pcos-patients-via-enhancing-376a4aa5/","name":"Gestational progesterone restores menstrual cycle in PCOS patients via enhancing ovary estrogen production","headline":"Gestational progesterone restores menstrual cycle in PCOS patients via enhancing ovary estrogen production","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gestational-progesterone-restores-menstrual-cycle-in-pcos-patients-via-enhancing-376a4aa5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Qiwen Yang","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nanjing Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059gcgy73"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Na Kong","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/026axqv54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jiayuan Wu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3202-2036","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangdong Medical College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04k5rxe29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yang Yang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6246-0999","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiqian Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9305-8142","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangdong Province Women and Children Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0493m8x04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yanling Lin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2354-7676","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fujian Provincial Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045wzwx52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhibin Hu","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nanjing Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059gcgy73"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Guangcan Yan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9354-6461","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harbin Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05jscf583"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hongjian Sun","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6962-0888","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Queensland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00rqy9422"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chenyu Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8037-0698","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Qilu Hospital of Shandong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056ef9489"}}],"datePublished":"2026-02-02","abstract":"Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age, typically characterized by irregular menstrual cycles. Our study found that postpartum menstrual cycles were largely restored in PCOS patients following assisted reproductive technology (ART) therapy. However, this recovery in menstrual cycles was not associated with any specific ART procedures. Using a PCOS mouse model, we demonstrated that elevated progesterone levels during pregnancy were responsible for normalizing estrous cyclicity. Elevated levels of progesterone induce granulosa cell apoptosis and deplete large follicles, which potentially contribute to ovarian function suppression during pregnancy. Mechanistic studies indicated that progesterone decreased follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) expression in a GATA binding protein 2 (GATA2)-dependent manner. Interestingly, the capacity of granulosa cells to convert androgens to estrogens significantly increased after progesterone withdrawal, as evidenced by elevated cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A member 1 (Cyp19a1) expression in granulosa cells when stimulated with FSH. Additionally, we found that progesterone administration reduced the thickness of the uterine endometrium in PCOS mice. Our findings suggest that sustained high levels of progesterone during pregnancy can enhance ovarian reproductive endocrine capacity and improve endometrial function, thereby facilitating the recovery of postpartum menstrual cycles.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Life Metabolism"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/lifemeta/loag004","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/lifemeta/loag004"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-preservation-in-patients-with-medical-indications-a-committee-opinion-4efhrfsx/","name":"Fertility preservation in patients with medical indications: a committee opinion","headline":"Fertility preservation in patients with medical indications: a committee opinion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-preservation-in-patients-with-medical-indications-a-committee-opinion-4efhrfsx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Electronic address: asrm@asrm.org"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine"}],"datePublished":"2026-02-01","abstract":"Patients preparing to undergo therapies that pose a risk to their fertility or who are at risk of premature ovarian insufficiency should be provided prompt counseling regarding available options for fertility preservation. Fertility preservation can best be provided by comprehensive programs designed and equipped to confront the unique challenges facing these patients. This document replaces the document entitled \"Fertility preservation in patients undergoing gonadotoxic therapy or gonadectomy: a committee opinion,\" last published in 2019.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"125","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"247","pageEnd":"259","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2025.12.001","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2025.12.001"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"41494900"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-phenotypes-and-staging-in-relation-to-lipid-biomarkers-findings-from-the-endo-cohort-study-reckipg2c8bz3ncm0/","name":"Endometriosis phenotypes and staging in relation to lipid biomarkers: Findings from the ENDO Cohort Study","headline":"Endometriosis phenotypes and staging in relation to lipid biomarkers: Findings from the ENDO Cohort Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-phenotypes-and-staging-in-relation-to-lipid-biomarkers-findings-from-the-endo-cohort-study-reckipg2c8bz3ncm0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"May Shaaban","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5784-8705","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emmanuel Adediran","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5247-2235","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Z Pollack","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4313-3298","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"George Mason University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathryn M Rexrode","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3387-8429","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maja Skov Paulsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0360-0039","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hediyeh Baradaran","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6251-5769","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UNIVERSITY UTAH, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jennifer J Majersik","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3191-262X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael W Varner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9455-3973","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Matthew Peterson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4644-602X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jenna R Krall","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6836-149X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"George Mason University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jessica Pagé","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2570-4333","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Intermountain Healthcare","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mvr1r74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leslie V Farland","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7455-8531","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine -...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rachael Hemmert","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jessica Treidl","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2026-02-01","abstract":"Background: Endometriosis has been linked to cardiometabolic alterations, but whether these associations vary by disease severity or phenotype is unclear. We examined lipid profiles across endometriosis diagnosis, stage, and typology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data came from 476 women in the NICHD ENDO cohort. Endometriosis was confirmed laparoscopically and staged using the rASRM criteria (I-IV). Typology was categorized as superficial endometriosis (SE), ovarian endometrioma (OE), deep infiltrating endometriosis (DE), and OE+DE. We compared endometriosis status, stage (I/II vs III/IV), and typology to no endometriosis using adverse lipid thresholds (total cholesterol ≥200 mg/dL, HDL <50 mg/dL, LDL ≥100 mg/dL, triglycerides ≥175 mg/dL, non-HDL ≥130 mg/dL, VLDL ≥30 mg/dL, ApoA1 <125 mg/dL, and ApoB ≥120 mg/dL). Adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) and 95 % CIs were estimated via generalized linear models, controlling for age, race/ethnicity, BMI, income, marital status, and serum cotinine.\n\nResults: Endometriosis diagnosis alone was not associated with adverse lipid profiles. In contrast, moderate/severe disease showed higher prevalence of elevated triglycerides (aPR= 2.27; 95 % CI: 1.18,4.35) and VLDL (aPR= 2.41; 95 % CI: 1.50, 3.85). Typology revealed stronger patterns: OE and OE+DE were associated with adverse profiles across multiple markers (aPRs 1.59-4.09), particularly ApoB and triglycerides. Minimal/mild disease and SE were not associated.\n\nConclusions: The metabolic signal was phenotype-driven rather than diagnosis-driven, with severe stage and OE/OE+DE showing clear associations with adverse lipid profiles. These findings suggest lipid profiles may serve as markers of phenotype severity or shared biological milieu. Replication in larger cohorts is needed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"55","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of gynecology obstetrics and human reproduction"}}},"pageStart":"103087","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jogoh.2025.103087","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jogoh.2025.103087"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"41407106"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/neonatal-characteristics-of-children-conceived-with-in-vitro-fertilization-or-intrauterine-insemination-compared-with-sibling-births-from-unassisted-conceptions-rec5xlcuv8lkotoir/","name":"Neonatal characteristics of children conceived with in vitro fertilization or intrauterine insemination compared with sibling births from unassisted conceptions","headline":"Neonatal characteristics of children conceived with in vitro fertilization or intrauterine insemination compared with sibling births from unassisted conceptions","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/neonatal-characteristics-of-children-conceived-with-in-vitro-fertilization-or-intrauterine-insemination-compared-with-sibling-births-from-unassisted-conceptions-rec5xlcuv8lkotoir/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christina A Porucznik","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1973-2917","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Erica Johnstone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3382-3500","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lorenzo D Botto","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5322-7116","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"James M Hotaling","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4401-4565","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Matthew R Reeder","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1320-4478","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Office of Cooperative Reproductive Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine , Salt Lake City, UT, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2026-02-01","abstract":"Objective: To examine birth outcomes between children conceived with in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intrauterine insemination (IUI) and sibling births from unassisted conceptions.\n\nDesign: Retrospective sibling cohort.\n\nSubjects: Live born children conceived via IVF, with or without intracytoplasmic sperm injection, or IUI at the Utah Center for Reproductive Medicine, 1999-2018, and sibling births from unassisted conceptions (born 1985-2018). The main analysis included singleton births (460 IVF, 666 IUI, and 1,579 unassisted siblings).\n\nExposure: In vitro fertilization, with or without intracytoplasmic sperm injection, or IUI.\n\nMain outcome measures: Preterm birth, low birth weight, small for gestational age, large for gestational age (LGA), and major congenital anomalies.\n\nResults: Compared with unassisted siblings, singleton children conceived via IVF had gestational ages shorter by nearly half a week (95% confidence interval [CI], -0.6 to -0.3), birth weights of 72.1 g lower (95% CI, -118.8 to -25.4), and higher proportions of preterm birth (IVF, 11.1%; IUI, 8.7%; unassisted siblings, 6.8%), LGA (IVF, 9.1%; IUI, 4.5%; unassisted siblings, 5.9%), and major congenital anomalies (IVF, 3.7%; IUI, 2.0%; unassisted siblings, 1.4%). Models adjusted for maternal age, infant sex, infant birth year, previous pregnancy, and birth order showed that children conceived via IVF were more likely to be preterm (adjusted risk ratio [aRR], 1.6; 95% CI, 1.2-2.2; absolute difference, 4.3%) and LGA (aRR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.2-2.5; absolute difference, 3.2%). Children conceived via IVF had a higher risk of major congenital anomalies than unassisted siblings adjusted for maternal age, infant sex, and birth order (aRR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.0-3.8; absolute difference, 2.3%). Children conceived via IUI had birth weights 55.8 g lower (95% CI, -95.6 to -15.9) than unassisted siblings.\n\nConclusion: We observed an increased risk of preterm birth, low birth weight, LGA, and major congenital anomalies among singleton children conceived with IVF compared with that among unassisted siblings; however, absolute differences remain small. For children conceived via IUI, lower birth weights were observed. These results suggest that treatment-related factors in addition to underlying subfertility may contribute to adverse birth outcomes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"125","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"326","pageEnd":"337","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2025.08.027","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2025.08.027"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40876723"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-surgery-debates-restorative-reproductive-medicine-rectybekdegj5eiv3/","name":"Endometriosis Surgery: Debates About Restorative Reproductive Medicine","headline":"Endometriosis Surgery: Debates About Restorative Reproductive Medicine","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-surgery-debates-restorative-reproductive-medicine-rectybekdegj5eiv3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Leigh Ann Humphries","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4486-9903","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Confidential Enquiry into Patient Outcome and Death","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016knsn07"}}],"datePublished":"2026-02-01","abstract":"For many patients with endometriosis, laparoscopic surgery is the most effective treatment to alleviate severe chronic pelvic pain and improve quality of life. Because endometriosis is common among individuals with infertility, surgery is often considered alongside fertility evaluation and treatment to manage symptoms, identify disease pathology, and restore pelvic anatomy. In patients who desire pregnancy, the decision of whether and when to pursue surgery should be guided by clear medical indications and shared decision making between the patient and their obstetrician-gynecologist. In recent months, however, religious and political groups have sought to reframe this medical decision as an ideologic and moral one, advocating for endometriosis surgery in nearly all patients with infertility and claiming that this can eliminate the need for assisted reproductive technologies. This framework, known as restorative reproductive medicine (RRM), aligns with efforts to promote the \"personhood\" of fertilized eggs, restrict access to in in vitro fertilization (IVF), and advance endometriosis surgery and lifestyle modifications as \"root-cause treatment leading to natural fertility.\" Recent editorials and issue briefs in the obstetrics and gynecology literature have discussed the serious ethical, medical, and policy implications of RRM, yet there remains an urgent need to address specifically the unfounded claims about endometriosis surgery and its purported advantages over assisted reproductive technology. This article examines the social context of this controversy and reviews the current evidence regarding the indications, benefits, and limitations of endometriosis surgery in the management of infertility. In contrast to RRM's assertions, no evidence supports the adoption of endometriosis surgery as a replacement for IVF or as a primary treatment for infertility. Rather, the role of surgery in fertility care is highly nuanced and depends on each patient's clinical presentation, reproductive goals, and personal priorities.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"147","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"169","pageEnd":"173","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0000000000006151","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/AOG.0000000000006151"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"41411651"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-influence-of-the-menstrual-cycle-on-muscle-injuries-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis-rec4oxhoeqg0ivw66/","name":"The influence of the menstrual cycle on muscle injuries - a systematic review and meta-analysis","headline":"The influence of the menstrual cycle on muscle injuries - a systematic review and meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-influence-of-the-menstrual-cycle-on-muscle-injuries-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis-rec4oxhoeqg0ivw66/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Guthardt Y"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sargent D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Julian R"}],"datePublished":"2026-01-21","abstract":"This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the relationship between menstrual cycle phases and the incidence of muscle injuries in female team sport athletes, following PRISMA 2020 and PERSiST guidelines. A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus from inception to mid-January 2024. Studies were included if they examined female team sport athletes of reproductive age with regular menstrual cycles and compared the occurrence of muscle injuries across at least two menstrual phases. Studies involving hormonal contraceptive use, medications affecting the menstrual cycle or musculoskeletal system, or menstrual dysfunction were excluded. Three studies met the inclusion criteria, involving 318 participants. Meta-analysis yielded a pooled Risk Ratio of 1.18 (95% CI: 0.75 to 1.86, p = 0.46) for injury risk between the luteal and follicular phases, suggesting no statistically significant association. However, the certainty of the cumulative evidence was rated as very low due to methodological limitations, including inconsistent phase classifications and reliance on imprecise methods for identifying menstrual phases. Consequently, no practical or clinical recommendations can be made at this time. Future research employing standardised, physiologically accurate methods for classifying and detecting menstrual cycle phases is necessary to better understand the potential links between hormonal fluctuations and injury risk. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1038/s41598-026-36763-0.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Scientific reports"}}},"pageStart":"3035","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351035620-4","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4324/9781351035620-4"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-false-promise-of-restorative-reproductive-medicine-restricting-access-to-car-recgjxuc28rgfbs4b/","name":"The False Promise of Restorative Reproductive Medicine-Restricting Access to Care in the Name of \"Natural\" Medicine","headline":"The False Promise of Restorative Reproductive Medicine-Restricting Access to Care in the Name of \"Natural\" Medicine","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-false-promise-of-restorative-reproductive-medicine-restricting-access-to-car-recgjxuc28rgfbs4b/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Caiyun Liao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4576-8577","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UMass Memorial Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/053v00853"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amanda N. Kallen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0118-3251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Vermont","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0155zta11"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rachel Himel","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UMass Memorial Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/053v00853"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amanda Kallen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4814-1107","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine , Burlington, VT,"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-20","abstract":"Infertility affects 1 in 6 people globally (and up to a third of physicians) and is recognized by the World Health Organization and the American Medical Association as a disease. Since 1978, the development of assisted reproductive technology (ART), which is defined as fertility treatments in which gametes or embryos are handled in vitro, has made it possible to overcome otherwise insurmountable barriers to conception and has led to the birth of more than 10 million children worldwide.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"335","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA"}}},"pageStart":"211","pageEnd":"212","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2025.22841","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jama.2025.22841"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"41405900"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/incident-endometriosis-diagnosis-and-anti-mllerian-hormone-amh-how-surgical-staging-and-typology-relate-to-serum-amh-levels-recez53scy2vezdss/","name":"Incident endometriosis diagnosis and anti-müllerian hormone (AMH): how surgical staging and typology relate to serum AMH levels","headline":"Incident endometriosis diagnosis and anti-müllerian hormone (AMH): how surgical staging and typology relate to serum AMH levels","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/incident-endometriosis-diagnosis-and-anti-mllerian-hormone-amh-how-surgical-staging-and-typology-relate-to-serum-amh-levels-recez53scy2vezdss/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rachael B. Hemmert","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake, UT, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Matthew Peterson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4644-602X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Melissa Furlong","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7479-5366","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Arizona","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zelieann R Craig","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9886-416X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Arizona","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Z Pollack","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4313-3298","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"George Mason University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leslie V Farland","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7455-8531","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine -...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Madeline Paulsen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michelle Valenti","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4749-5302","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Department of Community, Environment and Policy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ. Electronic address: mval...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-08","abstract":"Background: Endometriosis is a chronic, gynecologic condition in which tissue similar to the lining of the uterus implants throughout the body. Women with endometriosis have a higher prevalence of infertility and a greater risk of early natural menopause compared to those without endometriosis.\n\nObjective: This study aimed to evaluate preoperative serum AMH levels among women with and without incident endometriosis and to assess whether levels differ by surgical staging and typology.\n\nStudy Design: The ENDO (Endometriosis: Natural History, Diagnosis, and Outcomes) study was conducted between 2007 and 2009. The ENDO study consisted of an operative and population cohort (n=600). Only those in the ENDO operative cohort from the Utah site were used for this analysis, and included women aged 18 to 44 years who were scheduled for gynecologic surgery, irrespective of clinical indication (n=476). AMH levels were measured from stored serum collected before surgery using a quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. After excluding participants with missing outcome data (n=51), unilateral oophorectomy (n=8), or those within the population cohort (n=69), 348 participants remained for the analysis. Surgically confirmed endometriosis diagnosis, staging (American Society for Reproductive Medicine I-IV), and typology (superficial, deep, ovarian) were ascertained by the operative report. Outliers for AMH (>14.0 ng/mL) were excluded from the analyses and AMH values were log-transformed. Multivariable linear regression models adjusted for age (squared and continuous), body mass index, serum cotinine levels, and exogenous hormonal contraceptive use were conducted. Percentage differences in AMH were calculated as (exp[β]-1)×100, and 95% confidence intervals were reported.\n\nResults: Compared with no endometriosis, incident endometriosis diagnosis was associated with lower AMH levels (-19.8%; 95% confidence interval, -37.0 to 1.0); however, this association was not statistically significant. Stage III to IV disease was associated with 40.1% lower AMH levels (95% confidence interval, -58.9 to -12.7). Ovarian endometriomas were most strongly associated with lower AMH levels (-54.3%; 95% confidence interval, -69.4 to -31.8), with a more pronounced association among those with infertility (-72.6%; 95% confidence interval, -85.4 to -48.5). Deep (-24.1%; 95% confidence interval, -48.2 to 11.0) and superficial (-15.5%; 95% confidence interval, -34.6 to 9.3) endometriosis also showed a trend toward lower AMH levels, but these findings were not statistically significant. Compared with a postoperative diagnosis of a normal pelvis, incident endometriosis was associated with 26.8% lower AMH levels (95% confidence interval, -44.6 to -3.4). Stage III to IV disease was associated with 47.8% lower AMH levels (95% confidence interval, -65.8 to -23.2), and all subtypes of endometriosis were statistically significantly associated with lower levels of AMH compared with a postoperative diagnosis of a normal pelvis (ovarian: -60.8%; 95% confidence interval, -74.4 to -39.9; deep: -34.3%; 95% confidence interval, -56.2 to -1.4; superficial: -24.8%; 95% confidence interval, -43.9 to -0.8).\n\nConclusion: Ovarian and moderate to severe (stage III-IV) endometriosis were associated with markedly lower AMH levels compared with no endometriosis. Compared with a postoperative diagnosis of a normal pelvis, incident endometriosis and moderate to severe stages (stage III-IV) were associated with statistically significantly lower AMH levels. Additionally, typology (deep, ovarian, or superficial) was associated with statistically significantly lower AMH levels. However, this association was likely driven by the presence of ovarian endometriomas across all subtypes. These findings are consistent with previous studies and demonstrate that endometriosis lesions themselves, independent of surgical intervention, influence AMH levels.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American journal of obstetrics and gynecology"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2025.12.070","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ajog.2025.12.070"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"41519422"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/influence-of-tubal-patency-on-endometriosis-recurrence-a-retrospective-matched-case-control-study-recerwzphavkqlt1x/","name":"Influence of Tubal Patency on Endometriosis Recurrence: A Retrospective Matched  Case-control Study","headline":"Influence of Tubal Patency on Endometriosis Recurrence: A Retrospective Matched  Case-control Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/influence-of-tubal-patency-on-endometriosis-recurrence-a-retrospective-matched-case-control-study-recerwzphavkqlt1x/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Christel Meuleman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9209-614X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"KU Leuven","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05f950310"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Annouschka Laenen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Statistics Belgium","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0246a9012"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sofie Neutens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8350-6426","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, AZ Delta Hospital, Roeselare, Belgium (Dr. Neutens).","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b0her22"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carla Tomassetti","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5373-0811","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Leuven Institute for Fertility and Embryology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012rp6f89"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Barbara Van Elst","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre Hospitalier Interrégional Edith Cavell","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03003by36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arne Vanhie","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Leuven Institute for Fertility and Embryology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012rp6f89"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-06","abstract":"STUDY OBJECTIVE: To study whether bilateral nonpatency of fallopian tubes is correlated with a lower recurrence rate of endometriosis. DESIGN: Retrospective 2:1 matched case-control study. SETTING: University hospital with a tertiary referral center for fertility and endometriosis surgery in Leuven, Belgium.\n\nPATIENTS: All patients undergoing complete laparoscopic excision of any revised system of the American Society of Reproductive Medicine-stage endometriosis between 2010 and 2014 (n = 896).\n\nINTERVENTIONS: Comparison between patients with bilateral nonpatent or absent fallopian tubes and matched controls with at least 1 patent fallopian tube. MEASUREMENTS AND\n\nMAIN RESULTS: Primary outcome was the recurrence rate, which was analyzed on 4 levels: overall recurrence, symptom recurrence, recurrence on imaging, and need for reintervention. Of 896 patients, 49 had bilateral nonpatent or absent fallopian tubes. These cases were compared with 98 matched controls with at least 1 patent fallopian tube. Symptoms recurred in 12.2% of the cases (n = 6) and 25.5% of the controls (n = 25) (p = .09). Recurrence was confirmed by imaging in 8% of the cases (n = 4) and 10.2% of the controls (n = 10) (p = .77). In 3 patients of the case group and 12 patients of the control group, there was a need for reintervention (p = .39). Within this subgroup, recurrence of endometriosis was histologically confirmed in none of the patients of the case group and 5 patients of the control group (p = .51).\n\nCONCLUSION: This study did not observe a statistically significant reduction in endometriosis recurrence in patients with bilateral occlusion/absence of the fallopian tubes after endometriosis surgery. A type II error may count for this result.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2025.12.041","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jmig.2025.12.041"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"41490584"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-hormone-balance-recve2p7zleh3afsd/","name":"Natural Hormone Balance","headline":"Natural Hormone Balance","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-hormone-balance-recve2p7zleh3afsd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Shimaa R. Emam","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cairo University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03q21mh05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mohamed Abbas Ibrahim","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7535-5453","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cairo University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03q21mh05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fady Sayed Youssef","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2159-8837","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"marwa khattab","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cairo University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03q21mh05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Riham A. El-Shiekh","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cairo University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03q21mh05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rehab A. Ghandour","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3890-6161","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cairo University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03q21mh05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Heba F. Hozyen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Research Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02n85j827"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marwa Zakaria","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3562-7789","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Educational Central Lab, Women College, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Essam Abdel-Hameed Abdel-Sattar","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cairo University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03q21mh05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Samar M. Mouneir","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6034-3177","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cairo University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03q21mh05"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/alphalipoic-acid-and-leucine-as-adjunct-therapy-for-persistent-firsttrimester-su-6jb3tpwe/","name":"Alpha-Lipoic Acid and Leucine as Adjunct Therapy for Persistent First-Trimester Subchorionic Hematomas in Assisted Reproductive Technology Pregnancies","headline":"Alpha-Lipoic Acid and Leucine as Adjunct Therapy for Persistent First-Trimester Subchorionic Hematomas in Assisted Reproductive Technology Pregnancies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/alphalipoic-acid-and-leucine-as-adjunct-therapy-for-persistent-firsttrimester-su-6jb3tpwe/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bano T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ganla K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vora PH"}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","abstract":"Subchorionic hematoma (SCH) is a frequent cause of first-trimester bleeding, particularly in pregnancies conceived through assisted reproductive technologies (ART), and is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes when persistent. Management is largely conservative, with limited targeted therapeutic options. This descriptive case series evaluated the effectiveness and safety of oral alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) as an adjunct therapy in three primigravida women with ART-conceived pregnancies complicated by persistent first-trimester SCH unresponsive to conventional management, including progesterone support and hemostatic agents. ALA was administered orally at a dose of 600 mg once daily, alongside continued standard therapy. Clinical symptoms and hematoma progression were monitored through serial transvaginal ultrasonography. All three patients experienced cessation of vaginal bleeding within four to seven days of initiating ALA therapy. Complete sonographic resolution of the hematoma was observed within two to four weeks in all cases. No maternal or fetal adverse effects were reported, and all pregnancies progressed uneventfully into the second trimester. These findings suggest that oral ALA may represent a safe and potentially effective adjunctive therapy for persistent first-trimester SCH in ART pregnancies, warranting further evaluation in larger prospective studies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cureus"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.104107","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.7759/cureus.104107"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"41890489"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/disordered-eating-behaviors-during-adolescence-and-risk-of-endometriosis-a-prospective-cohort-study-rectgdcfztxqyql0c/","name":"Disordered eating behaviors during adolescence and risk of endometriosis: a prospective cohort study","headline":"Disordered eating behaviors during adolescence and risk of endometriosis: a prospective cohort study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/disordered-eating-behaviors-during-adolescence-and-risk-of-endometriosis-a-prospective-cohort-study-rectgdcfztxqyql0c/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Leslie V Farland","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7455-8531","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine -...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Holly R Harris","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2572-6727","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fred Hutch Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007ps6h72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kendrin R Sonneville","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0359-3919","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Michigan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neblett MF 2nd"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael F. Neblett","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Reproductive Biology Associates","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05jtv2231"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alison E Field","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7192-4233","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05gq02987"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jorge E Chavarro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7790-8311","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Audrey J Gaskins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0812-7439","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia. Electronic address: Audrey.jane.gaskins@emory.edu.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stacey A Missmer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1768-7705","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Michigan State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarah Thornburgh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2910-6557","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","abstract":"Objective: Disordered eating behaviors may impact the gynecologic health of adolescents through effects on menstrual cycle function and body size; however, few studies have evaluated these associations. This study aimed to prospectively investigate the associations between individual disordered eating behaviors during adolescence and the risk of subsequent endometriosis diagnosis. Design: Prospective, longitudinal cohort (1996-2021).\n\nSubjects: Female participants (n = 11,773) from the Growing Up Today Study.\n\nExposure: Frequency of binge eating, laxative use, and self-induced vomiting over the past year was self-reported on repeated questionnaires during follow-up.\n\nMain outcome measures: Physician-diagnosed endometriosis was reported on repeated questionnaires during follow-up. Multivariable logistic regression models with generalized estimating equations were used to calculate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).\n\nResults: Over 25 years of follow-up, we identified 269 incident cases of endometriosis (2.3%), 190 of which were reported as laparoscopically confirmed. A total of 32% of girls reported ever binge eating, 14% reported self-induced vomiting to lose weight, and 9% reported ever using laxatives to lose weight. The odds of a laparoscopically-confirmed endometriosis diagnosis were more than three-fold higher (aOR = 3.07; 95% CI 1.74, 5.40) for girls who cumulatively reported self-induced vomiting more than monthly during follow-up, compared with girls who never reported self-induced vomiting. Cumulative exposure to binge eating during follow-up was not associated with diagnosis of laparoscopically-confirmed endometriosis; however, girls who reported the highest ever engagement in binge eating of weekly or more had 52% lower (aOR = 0.47; 95% CI 0.25, 0.90) odds of laparoscopically-confirmed endometriosis, compared with girls who reported less than weekly binge eating. Laxative use was not strongly associated with endometriosis diagnosis, although estimates were imprecise.\n\nConclusion: Females with a greater frequency of self-induced vomiting were more likely to be diagnosed with endometriosis during follow-up, whereas girls with a history of frequent binge eating had a lower likelihood of endometriosis diagnosis. We found no association between laxative use and endometriosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2025.12.027","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2025.12.027"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"41519253"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-the-modified-cardiometabolic-index-and-endometriosis-in-an-american-cohort-insights-from-a-cross-sectional-analysis-recsk2v49uabxsdlz/","name":"Association between the Modified Cardiometabolic Index and Endometriosis in an American Cohort: Insights from a Cross-sectional Analysis","headline":"Association between the Modified Cardiometabolic Index and Endometriosis in an American Cohort: Insights from a Cross-sectional Analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-the-modified-cardiometabolic-index-and-endometriosis-in-an-american-cohort-insights-from-a-cross-sectional-analysis-recsk2v49uabxsdlz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yue Cao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2642-9402","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0014a0n68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jueli Liu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5815-2483","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang A & F University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vj4rn06"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qiuliang Yu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6936-4089","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"First Hospital of Jiaxing","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03q5hbn76"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3791/69723","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3791/69723"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"41801825"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/some-aspects-of-the-clinical-communication-of-pain-reclhhbimjhv2wdqu/","name":"Some aspects of the clinical communication of pain","headline":"Some aspects of the clinical communication of pain","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/some-aspects-of-the-clinical-communication-of-pain-reclhhbimjhv2wdqu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Matteo Basilio Suter","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9139-7538","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Novartis (Italy)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rcxhq50"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rosanna D'Antona","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7013-6612","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Europa Donna","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04r1mej53"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Manuelita Mazza","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3095-0448","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Abu Dhabi Falcon Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/048s0v676"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrica Francavilla","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1011-399X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Novartis (Italy)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rcxhq50"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alice Messi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1608-3119","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Novartis (Italy)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rcxhq50"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Abhinav Maurya","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9470-1472","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Novartis (India)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dhvr506"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shiva Padhi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3784-9426","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Novartis (India)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dhvr506"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Diletta Valsecchi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3268-0876","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Novartis (Italy)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rcxhq50"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of the American Medical Women's Association"}}},"pageStart":"e73371","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"4228822"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/birth-defects-and-drugs-in-pregnancy-recowlhtw7jhws9vb/","name":"Birth Defects and Drugs in Pregnancy","headline":"Birth Defects and Drugs in Pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/birth-defects-and-drugs-in-pregnancy-recowlhtw7jhws9vb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Qian Sun","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03617rq47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xueqing Wu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6531-8349","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanxi Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0265d1010"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xike Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0019-4197","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fanchao Shi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2361-5799","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yiyuan Gao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6421-1251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chongqing Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/017z00e58"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jing Ji","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"China Pharmaceutical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01sfm2718"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Guixue Guan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03617rq47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jing Xu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0660-6279","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059cjpv64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ling Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7109-4225","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wuhan Union Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0371fqr87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiqian Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9305-8142","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangdong Province Women and Children Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0493m8x04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yuanyuan Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7687-7816","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"City of Hope","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01z1vct10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wei-Wei Feng","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8089-9364","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shimeng Liu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4369-4589","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hengmin Bi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Xuzhou Medical College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04fe7hy80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chunsheng Han","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4581-545X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/034t30j35"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhenghong Zhu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5415-8524","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangdong Province Women and Children Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0493m8x04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Weiguang Yang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4360-4456","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tianjin Medical University General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/003sav965"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"O P Heinonen"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Shapiro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0181-3401","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pennsylvania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Slone"}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-progesterone-and-progestogens-on-the-foetus-recg91cjw7el3xnih/","name":"The effect of progesterone and progestogens on the foetus","headline":"The effect of progesterone and progestogens on the foetus","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-progesterone-and-progestogens-on-the-foetus-recg91cjw7el3xnih/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Li Liu","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Health and Family Planning Commission","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052eegr76"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W Liu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8745-5221","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Liang Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1461-0438"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Libing Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9041-7074","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Qingdao University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021cj6z65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wenjing Zhu","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Qingdao University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021cj6z65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dongmei Jia","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Qingdao University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021cj6z65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yanling Lin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2354-7676","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fujian Provincial Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045wzwx52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhugen Yang","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cranfield University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05cncd958"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kui Che","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Qingdao University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021cj6z65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wenchao Han","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7507-2450","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Pediatrics, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao 266071, China. Electronic address: hanwenchaodr@outlook.com."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K DALTON","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University College Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wrevg56"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"430","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12B","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Neuropharmacology"}}},"pageStart":"111985","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7033815"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reply-of-the-authors-response-to-the-illusion-of-reproductive-choice-how-restora-reczyhazh7brhsqqs/","name":"\"Reply of the authors: \"\"Response to \"\"The illusion of reproductive choice: how restorative reproductive medicine violates informed consent for infertility treatment\"\"\"\"\"","headline":"\"Reply of the authors: \"\"Response to \"\"The illusion of reproductive choice: how restorative reproductive medicine violates informed consent for infertility treatment\"\"\"\"\"","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reply-of-the-authors-response-to-the-illusion-of-reproductive-choice-how-restora-reczyhazh7brhsqqs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Benjamin J. Peipert","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5038-7472","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pennsylvania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eve C. Feinberg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7454-5669","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/000e0be47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jamie T. Kuhlman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tennessee Department of Education","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dwsfp88"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"125","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"178","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2025.10.019","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2025.10.019"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"41475699"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/long-term-stability-of-hormones-in-serum-recsluzmppcjjysgy/","name":"Long Term Stability of Hormones in Serum","headline":"Long Term Stability of Hormones in Serum","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/long-term-stability-of-hormones-in-serum-recsluzmppcjjysgy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Adul Saengthong","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chiang Mai University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05m2fqn25"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Janine L. Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3898-7755","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04hnzva96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patcharapa Towiboon","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chiang Mai University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05m2fqn25"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Khanittha Punturee","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chiang Mai University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05m2fqn25"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Songphon Buddhasiri","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6749-7694","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chiang Mai University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05m2fqn25"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Korakot Nganvongpanit","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chiang Mai University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05m2fqn25"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Veerasak Punyapornwithaya","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9870-7773","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chiang Mai University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05m2fqn25"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wuithipong Tocharoennirattisai","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chiang Mai University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05m2fqn25"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jaruwan Khonmee","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3806-9746","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chiang Mai University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05m2fqn25"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","pageStart":"e0344383","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pmos-international-consensus-renaming-gkakcycb/","name":"PMOS international consensus renaming","headline":"PMOS international consensus renaming","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pmos-international-consensus-renaming-gkakcycb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Teede HJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bahri Khomami M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Morman R"}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Lancet"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/depression-in-pregnancy-and-postpartum-a-review-of-critical-issues-recbghz4ylk7lanfq/","name":"Depression in Pregnancy and Postpartum: A Review of Critical Issues","headline":"Depression in Pregnancy and Postpartum: A Review of Critical Issues","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/depression-in-pregnancy-and-postpartum-a-review-of-critical-issues-recbghz4ylk7lanfq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Angela Stanley"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tarnisha Ebony Hemphill","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8401-8459","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"George Washington University Virginia Campus","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ms79854"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Linda Cassar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5056-2878"}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/obstetrics-normal-and-problem-pregnancies-reccr9avpe1bncqba/","name":"Obstetrics: Normal and Problem Pregnancies","headline":"Obstetrics: Normal and Problem Pregnancies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/obstetrics-normal-and-problem-pregnancies-reccr9avpe1bncqba/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jenn-Jhy Tseng","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Chung Hsing University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vn3ca78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jan SL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shen-Ling Jan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Taichung Veterans General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00e87hq62"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J R Niebyl","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Baltimore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024gw2733"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joe Leigh Simpson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5309-6881","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"March of Dimes","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04bd5p711"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","pageStart":"326","pageEnd":"337","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/integrative-treatments-for-premenstrual-syndrome-recfstpsifi4ly42h/","name":"Integrative treatments for premenstrual syndrome","headline":"Integrative treatments for premenstrual syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/integrative-treatments-for-premenstrual-syndrome-recfstpsifi4ly42h/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Nevin Sanlier","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5937-0485","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ejnre35"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Koray Gorkem Sacinti","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yale University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03v76x132"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"İnci Turkoglu","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hacettepe University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04kwvgz42"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"1761721","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11565400"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/immunological-tolerance-pregnancy-and-preeclampsia-the-roles-of-semen-microbes-a-jmjsvcsk/","name":"Regulatory T cells in human pregnancy: mechanisms, dysregulation, and therapeutic perspectives","headline":"Regulatory T cells in human pregnancy: mechanisms, dysregulation, and therapeutic perspectives","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/immunological-tolerance-pregnancy-and-preeclampsia-the-roles-of-semen-microbes-a-jmjsvcsk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hua Liu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6084-2769","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanxi Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0265d1010"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Weijun Huang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4045-6320","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhibin Hu","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nanjing Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059gcgy73"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Han J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gao R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qin L"}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","abstract":"Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a central role in maintaining immune tolerance and supporting maternal-fetal homeostasis throughout human pregnancy. Clinical and experimental evidence demonstrates that dysregulation of peripheral and decidual Tregs manifested as quantitative deficits, impaired suppressive function or lineage instability increased the risk of various pathological pregnancies, such as recurrent implantation failure (RIF), recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA), pre-eclampsia (PE) and preterm birth (PTB). Recently, novel therapeutic strategies targeting Tregs have emerged in oncology, transplantation, and autoimmune diseases. However, their application in pathological pregnancy remains in its infancy. This review outlines the spatiotemporal dynamics of peripheral and decidual Tregs throughout gestation, elucidating their roles in maintaining maternal-fetal homeostasis and their dysregulation in pathological pregnancies. We also critically evaluated the therapeutic strategies targeting Tregs and Tregs-associated signaling pathways, including hormonal support, traditional intravenous immunoglobulin, as well as emerging interventions such as immunometabolic reprogramming and engineered cellular therapies like chimeric antigen receptor Tregs. This review may provide insights for understanding the roles of Tregs in physiological and pathological pregnancy, as well as provide new idea in the immunotherapy of pathological pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in immunology"}},"pageStart":"1815957","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1815957","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fimmu.2026.1815957"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"42064042"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/multidimensional-factors-increase-menstrual-distress-in-patients-with-endometrio-receaifewb0hycogh/","name":"Multidimensional factors increase menstrual distress in patients with endometriosis","headline":"Multidimensional factors increase menstrual distress in patients with endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/multidimensional-factors-increase-menstrual-distress-in-patients-with-endometrio-receaifewb0hycogh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Giovanni Castellini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1265-491X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Florence","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Felice Petraglia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8851-625X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Siena","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01tevnk56"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emanuele Cassioli","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Florence","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ernesto Gallucci","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Florence","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Francesco La Torre","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9947-3055","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Florence","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Valdo Ricca","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Florence","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eleonora Rossi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7178-7950","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Florence","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Rosa Speciale","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Florence","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Silvia Vannuccini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5790-587X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"European Society for Sexual Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/004565978"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2026.114950","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ejogrb.2026.114950"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"41548348"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/continuities-in-maternal-depression-recjztesvzmudqbem/","name":"Continuities in Maternal Depression","headline":"Continuities in Maternal Depression","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/continuities-in-maternal-depression-recjztesvzmudqbem/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kelly B. Zafman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5573-1052","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. Kelly.zafman@pennmedicine.upenn.edu."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Melissa L. Riegel","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Markolline Forkpa","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jessie Chittams","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Biostatistics Analysis Core, Office of Nursing Research, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sindhu K. Srinivas","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA."}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clinician-registry-and-recognition-framework-krzriec5/","name":"Clinician registry and recognition framework","headline":"Clinician registry and recognition framework","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clinician-registry-and-recognition-framework-krzriec5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"International Institute for Restorative Reproductive Medicine"}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Institute for Restorative Reproductive Medicine"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/human-endometriotic-lesion-derived-small-extracellular-vesicles-impair-macrophag-reccpcpsqjnqqtvke/","name":"Human Endometriotic Lesion-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles Impair Macrophage Function in the Peritoneal Microenvironment","headline":"Human Endometriotic Lesion-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles Impair Macrophage Function in the Peritoneal Microenvironment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/human-endometriotic-lesion-derived-small-extracellular-vesicles-impair-macrophag-reccpcpsqjnqqtvke/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Krina T Zondervan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0275-9905","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institut Gustave Roussy","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0321g0743"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christian M Becker","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9870-9581","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oxford","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052gg0110"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Blatchford AF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stacey A Missmer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1768-7705","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Michigan State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hosh B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Akhatova A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zondervan K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Greaves E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dragovic R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Southcombe J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amer M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1575-8693"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jin Z","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9083-2449"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yuanyuan Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7687-7816","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"City of Hope","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01z1vct10"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"New England Journal of Medicine"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmra1810764","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90652051"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/nejmra1810764"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32212520"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q90652051"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-statistical-evaluation-of-natural-methods-of-family-planning-recfdxdxlk1wyydns/","name":"The Statistical Evaluation of Natural Methods of Family Planning","headline":"The Statistical Evaluation of Natural Methods of Family Planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-statistical-evaluation-of-natural-methods-of-family-planning-recfdxdxlk1wyydns/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hilgers TW"}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","pageStart":"350","pageEnd":"366","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/uterine-closure-after-cesarean-delivery-surgical-technique-biological-rationale--rec6gsyv5fuvlpt24/","name":"\"Uterine closure after cesarean delivery: surgical technique, biological rationale, and clinical implications.\"","headline":"\"Uterine closure after cesarean delivery: surgical technique, biological rationale, and clinical implications.\"","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/uterine-closure-after-cesarean-delivery-surgical-technique-biological-rationale--rec6gsyv5fuvlpt24/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Roberto Romero","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4448-5121","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emmanuel Bujold","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6936-4369","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada; Reproductive, Maternal and Child Health Research Axe, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R K Creasy","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03hwe2705"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","abstract":"Normal uterine function depends on cyclical regeneration and the capacity to sustain pregnancy. A cesarean incision represents an injury to this remarkable organ. Although the uterus possesses exceptional healing potential, cesarean delivery increases the risk of secondary infertility, pelvic pain, uterine rupture, and abnormal placentation in subsequent pregnancies. The two most important determinants of successful hysterotomy healing after cesarean delivery are the location of the incision and the surgical technique used for closure. The anatomic site of entry-whether the corpus, lower uterine segment, or cervix-defines the tissue composition, vascularity, and contractility at the wound margins, which in turn influence how the scar remodels and withstands subsequent pregnancies. Surgical technique is also important. A robust body of experimental and clinical evidence demonstrates that restoring anatomic integrity by reapproximating uterine layers while excluding the endometrium produces stronger scars and reduces late complications. The rationale for excluding the endometrium is to prevent displacement of endometrial tissue into the myometrium and to avoid mucosal tearing against a foreign body (i.e. suture material), both of which predispose to defective healing. When the endometrium is incorporated, healing is often impaired, leading to niches or isthmoceles, adenomyosis, and endometriosis at the scar site. Over time, these defects have been recognized as contributors to abnormal bleeding, pelvic pain, infertility, uterine rupture, and placenta accreta spectrum disorders. Despite this evidence, single-layer closures that incorporate endometrium became widely adopted because of their speed and simplicity, while their long-term sequels were initially underappreciated. This has prompted renewed scrutiny of closure techniques, including comparisons of single-layer vs double-layer closure, locking vs nonlocking sutures, type of sutures, and the direction of suture. Collectively, the data show that optimal closure respects uterine anatomy, restores the natural alignment of tissues, and achieves hemostasis without compromising perfusion or strangulating tissues. Building on these principles, we herein describe a refined 3-layer closure. The first layer approximates decidua and junctional myometrium while excluding surface endometrium to prevent tissue entrapment and bacterial contamination. The second layer restores anatomic wall integrity by reapproximating the bulk of the myometrium, thereby reinforcing strength and distributing tension across the scar. The third layer reapproximates superficial myometrium and serosa, smoothing the uterine surface and reducing adhesions. This technique is not simply a return to traditional double-layer methods or an extension of single-layer practice, but rather a refinement that integrates lessons from visceral surgery and contemporary obstetric data. Its rationale is to restore anatomy, secure hemostasis without ischemia, and preserve long-term uterine function. While short-term safety appears comparable across closure methods, evidence increasingly indicates that long-term reproductive outcomes depend on how closure respects tissue biology. We argue that appropriate repair is more important than a fast repair: meticulous restoration of uterine anatomy should take precedence over operative speed. The enduring success of a hysterotomy repair depends on the surgical technique employed, as it directly affects women's future reproductive health.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"233","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"S82-S102","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2025.10.007","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ajog.2025.10.007"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"41485855"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/multiple-births-report-2015-recybmp5deeqgvjyh/","name":"Multiple Births Report 2015","headline":"Multiple Births Report 2015","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/multiple-births-report-2015-recybmp5deeqgvjyh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Elinor Sebire","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3630-3989","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Aberdeen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016476m91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Wood","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7804-0529","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Salford","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01tmqtf75"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Clara Calvert","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3272-1040"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rute Vieira","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3599-7299"}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","pageStart":"101639","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gonadotropic-hormones-biosynthesis-secretion-receptors-and-action-in-reproductiv-recfwzskbo9ostz2v/","name":"Gonadotropic Hormones: Biosynthesis, Secretion, Receptors and Action in Reproductive","headline":"Gonadotropic Hormones: Biosynthesis, Secretion, Receptors and Action in Reproductive","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gonadotropic-hormones-biosynthesis-secretion-receptors-and-action-in-reproductiv-recfwzskbo9ostz2v/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"haishan guo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Henan Agricultural University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04eq83d71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xuxiang Deng","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Henan Agricultural University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04eq83d71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Baoshan Guo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Henan Agricultural University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04eq83d71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Z Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3576-5973","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jv2qv86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Weiqiu Jin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3226-1606","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"City University of Hong Kong","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wenjuan Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4188-4466","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ckt8b96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yuhua Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3842-475X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fb35g87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiangtao Kang","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Henan Agricultural University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04eq83d71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Guirong Sun","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2141-913X"}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","pageStart":"106485","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevention-of-postoperative-intra-abdominal-adhesions-rechexlnti2bzx7yu/","name":"Prevention of postoperative intra-abdominal adhesions","headline":"Prevention of postoperative intra-abdominal adhesions","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevention-of-postoperative-intra-abdominal-adhesions-rechexlnti2bzx7yu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jiong Zhou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3997-1045","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059cjpv64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jingyi Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4874-2874","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wuhan Union Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0371fqr87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yuanyuan Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7687-7816","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"City of Hope","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01z1vct10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kaiwen Liang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1313-9821"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xike Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0019-4197","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jingjing Yu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0077-9301","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fujian University of Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03c8fdb16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shan Lin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04kx2sy84"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Changhai Ding","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1557-4667","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tasmania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01nfmeh72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lihui Chen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04kx2sy84"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Li Huang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5388-0273","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangdong Province Women and Children Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0493m8x04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Minming Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2375-867X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059cjpv64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Togas Tulandi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5253-2565","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"263","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Current Opinion in Obstetrics & Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"115572","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2151683"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recent-advances-in-infertility-evaluation-and-treatment-recfleisugaqn5gi4/","name":"Recent Advances in Infertility Evaluation and Treatment","headline":"Recent Advances in Infertility Evaluation and Treatment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recent-advances-in-infertility-evaluation-and-treatment-recfleisugaqn5gi4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Dušica Petrović","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8413-6084","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centar za Promociju Nauke","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02280jq67"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marija Dinic","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Belgrade","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qsmb048"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dajana Švraka","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Children's Hospital, Belgrade","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05422jd13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Veljko Pantovic","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Univerzitetski Klinički Centar Srbije","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02122at02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emilija Petanovska Kostova","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Goce Delcev University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/058q1cn43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Goran Malenković","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Novi Sad","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00xa57a59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aleksandar Ljubić","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/048b7d518"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-awareness-and-women-religious-recfp7iloyhd5mg3c/","name":"Fertility Awareness and Women Religious","headline":"Fertility Awareness and Women Religious","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-awareness-and-women-religious-recfp7iloyhd5mg3c/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Shizuko Takahashi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8186-0664","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tokyo University of Science","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05sj3n476"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zakiyya Muhyideen Abdullah","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4193-1282","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Research Center for Islamic Legislation & Ethics, College of Islamic Studies, College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mathavi Senguttuvan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5475-1852","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National University of Singapore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Henry Dobson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7846-4396","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Biomedical Ethics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Block MD11, Clinical Research Centre, #02-03, 10 Medical Drive , Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singa..."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mohammed Ghaly","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5577-6525","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hamad bin Khalifa University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03eyq4y97"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Renee Mirkes","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontifical John Paul II Institute for Studies on Marriage and Family","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xphj289"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-quality-control-through-applied-research-rec26axwqd4wtjp80/","name":"Natural Family Planning: Quality Control through Applied Research","headline":"Natural Family Planning: Quality Control through Applied Research","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-quality-control-through-applied-research-rec26axwqd4wtjp80/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hilgers TW, Bailey AJ"}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","pageStart":"31","pageEnd":"52","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/protocol-for-prp-use-at-surgery-sop-for-fertility-prp-injection-in-gynecologic-s-vcm5rrvl/","name":"Protocol for PRP Use at Surgery: SOP for Fertility PRP Injection in Gynecologic Surgery","headline":"Protocol for PRP Use at Surgery: SOP for Fertility PRP Injection in Gynecologic Surgery","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/protocol-for-prp-use-at-surgery-sop-for-fertility-prp-injection-in-gynecologic-s-vcm5rrvl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Whittaker N"}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","abstract":"A standard operating procedure (SOP) for platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection into the ovaries, cervix, and uterus during gynecologic surgery. Covers patient selection and contraindications, PRP preparation using 80-120 mL venous blood with dual-spin centrifugation, and injection techniques for ovarian intraovarian injection (4 cc per ovary with calcium activation), uterine/endometrial infusion, and cervical injection. Indications include diminished ovarian reserve, thin/refractory endometrium, Asherman syndrome, poor ovarian response, implantation failure, low cervical mucus, and chronic endometritis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"IIRRM Grand Rounds"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/abortion-and-the-maternal-fetal-medicine-physician-recvuycjfeujvrtjr/","name":"Abortion and the maternal-fetal medicine physician","headline":"Abortion and the maternal-fetal medicine physician","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/abortion-and-the-maternal-fetal-medicine-physician-recvuycjfeujvrtjr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Nityanand Jain","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7918-7909"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fahner AF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anne-Fleur Fahner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5288-5355","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008xxew50"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jessica Kumah","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7346-3188","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Swarali Yatin Chodnekar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5176-7311","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Geomedi","sameAs":"https://ror.org/005gjt698"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Francis Abeku Ussher","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7377-6502","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Faculty of Health and Allied Sciences, Koforidua Technical University, Ghana"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Srinithi Mohan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Ostrava, Czech Republic."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ikshwaki Kaushik","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"David Tvildiani Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04w893s72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amir Reza Akbari","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kings Mill Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05wyncb52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marinela Lica","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3339-3106","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Medicine Tirana","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03y2x8717"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bismark Osei Owusu","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cb23x68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ernest Kissi Kontor","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7349-8012","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cb23x68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Hastings Center Report"}}},"pageStart":"17455057251410331","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8530264"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulation-detection-rec1l2o1ncj6k6snz/","name":"Ovulation Detection","headline":"Ovulation Detection","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulation-detection-rec1l2o1ncj6k6snz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"IS Vaz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Federal de Uberlândia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04x3wvr31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M.B. Silva"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A.P. Maran","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1313-4685"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M.E.R. Almeida","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Federal de Uberlândia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04x3wvr31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E.C. Guimarães","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8328-9687","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Federal de Uberlândia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04x3wvr31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J. Cuervo-Arango","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6939-017X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"E.S.M. Silva","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8172-8279"},{"@type":"Person","name":"E D Johansson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Uppsala University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/048a87296"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","pageStart":"105843","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/rrm-postgraduate-education-pathways-certificate-diploma-fellowship-and-board-cer-xdoxcval/","name":"RRM postgraduate education pathways: certificate, diploma, fellowship, and board certification program framework","headline":"RRM postgraduate education pathways: certificate, diploma, fellowship, and board certification program framework","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/rrm-postgraduate-education-pathways-certificate-diploma-fellowship-and-board-cer-xdoxcval/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"International Institute for Restorative Reproductive Medicine"}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Institute for Restorative Reproductive Medicine"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/uterine-surgery-in-operative-gynecology-1st-ed-recmxgdstnmwx7v3j/","name":"Uterine Surgery in Operative Gynecology, 1st Ed","headline":"Uterine Surgery in Operative Gynecology, 1st Ed","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/uterine-surgery-in-operative-gynecology-1st-ed-recmxgdstnmwx7v3j/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mária Vargová","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5136-9869","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Comenius University Bratislava","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0587ef340"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zuzana Kosibová","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Comenius University Bratislava","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0587ef340"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pavol Janac","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Comenius University Bratislava","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0587ef340"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandra Kristufkova","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1216-0824","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"st Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University Bratislava, Slovakia, Slovakia."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Miroslav Korbel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5773-2371","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"st Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University Bratislava, Slovakia, Slovakia."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tomáš Tvrdoň","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Comenius University Bratislava","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0587ef340"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pavol Vitovic","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7847-4084"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zuzana Niznanska","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Comenius University Bratislava","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0587ef340"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jennifer Russell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2385-1728","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","pageStart":"110","pageEnd":"115","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-clinical-use-of-clomiphene-citrate-rec9h0fth9z8jx65e/","name":"The clinical use of clomiphene citrate","headline":"The clinical use of clomiphene citrate","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-clinical-use-of-clomiphene-citrate-rec9h0fth9z8jx65e/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rukh Afzal M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mah Rukh Afzal","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Allama Iqbal Medical College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vhsg885"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mohamed Alassar","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bahçeşehir University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00yze4d93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ariba Furqan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Civil Hospital Karachi","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02ybzrf68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Linh Ba Phuong Huynh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5241-3841","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00m9c2804"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Feras Alnajjar M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maher Feras Alnajjar","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zagazig University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/053g6we49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Safa Gismalla","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Omdurman Islamic University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/025qja684"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mostafa Hussein I"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ibrahim Mostafa Hussein","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cairo University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03q21mh05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Adel Mahmah","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bahçeşehir University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00yze4d93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R B GREENBLATT","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Augusta University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012mef835"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"V B MAHESH","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Augusta University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012mef835"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J A Rock","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9970-8417","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S ROY","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3243-2134","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Augusta University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012mef835"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Pacific Medicine and Surgery"}}},"pageStart":"e103930","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-awareness-among-chinese-university-students-scale-development-and-cros-zby7qycg/","name":"Fertility awareness among Chinese university students: scale development and cross-sectional study","headline":"Fertility awareness among Chinese university students: scale development and cross-sectional study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-awareness-among-chinese-university-students-scale-development-and-cros-zby7qycg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Niu C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lu X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ren Y"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fan Yang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6450-5444","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Anhui Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xb04968"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ma S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yong Yu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7361-9371","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hubei University of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dr2b756"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yiyuan Gao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6421-1251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chongqing Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/017z00e58"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shen N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jing Shu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0398-2188","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03k14e164"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Global fertility rates are declining. In China, the total fertility rate dropped sharply from 5.59 in 1971 to 1.15 in 2021. Chinese university students often lack adequate fertility awareness, yet no validated instrument exists to assess this construct in this population, despite its recognized importance for informed reproductive decision-making.\n\nMETHODS: The Fertility Awareness Scale for University Students (FASUS) was developed through literature search, semi-structured interviews, and two rounds of Delphi expert consultation. Psychometric properties were tested using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, Cronbach's α, split-half reliability, and test-retest reliability. A cross-sectional survey of 750 students examined fertility awareness levels and influencing factors via univariate analysis and multiple linear regression.\n\nRESULTS: The final FASUS Scale consisted of 22 items across three dimensions: fertility-related knowledge, reproductive health attitudes, and reproductive health skills, with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 67.952%. The scale demonstrated strong reliability (Cronbach's α = 0.97, split-half reliability = 0.885, test-retest reliability = 0.981). A survey of 750 students revealed an average fertility awareness score of 78.01 ± 16.44, indicating a low to moderate level. Key influencing factors included gender, ethnicity, education level, only-child status, and prior fertility knowledge education.\n\nCONCLUSION: This study utilized a self-developed scale to assess fertility awareness among Chinese university students. The results showed that the fertility awareness level of Chinese university students was generally low. We suggest that health care institutions implement targeted intervention measures to improve reproductive health outcomes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in public health"}},"pageStart":"1818259","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2026.1818259","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fpubh.2026.1818259"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"42245376"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/observation-of-mucus-survey-recnsp2cggu9ywkph/","name":"Observation of Mucus Survey","headline":"Observation of Mucus Survey","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/observation-of-mucus-survey-recnsp2cggu9ywkph/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Helena Aegerter","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5755-9126"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher E Brightling","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xqxa525"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eleanor M Dunican","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University College Dublin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05m7pjf47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bart N Lambrecht","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Inflammation Research, Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Njira Lugogo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0235-7105","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Michigan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Newell JD Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"John D. Newell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7337-5001","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Iowa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036jqmy94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Celeste Porsbjerg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4825-9436","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarah Svenningsen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Deborah Clarke","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"AstraZeneca (United Kingdom)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04r9x1a08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrew Lindsley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2670-704X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Amgen (United States)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03g03ge92"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lars H. Nordenmark","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7139-8816","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"AstraZeneca (Spain)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05qqrnb63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher S. Ambrose","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4175-7336","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"AstraZeneca (United States)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043cec594"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mario Castro","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Kansas","sameAs":"https://ror.org/001tmjg57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Diane Daly","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4526-9869","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint John's Mercy Medical Center"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","pageStart":"69","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/information-and-misinformation-on-assisted-human-reproduction-techniques-in-euro-chsxkedw/","name":"Information and misinformation on assisted human reproduction techniques in Europe: a normative analysis of the information provided on the websites of medically assisted reproduction clinics","headline":"Information and misinformation on assisted human reproduction techniques in Europe: a normative analysis of the information provided on the websites of medically assisted reproduction clinics","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/information-and-misinformation-on-assisted-human-reproduction-techniques-in-euro-chsxkedw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Albert M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tapia R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Farfán J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vicente A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Muñoz S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Toribio-López M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carrasco JM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"De Bayas Sanchez A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fuller M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Barrett N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Güell F","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3408-6175"}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: As part of the European Be better informed about Fertility project (B2-InF), we carried out a normative analysis of the information provided online by assisted reproduction clinics to the European public. This analysis aimed to determine the degree to which this information complies with regulations of medically assisted reproduction (MAR) and commercial information, and the main ethical implications related to the duty of information. METHODS: Information was gathered from the websites of 33 clinics across 8 European countries (Albania, Belgium, Spain, Italy, Kosovo, Northern Macedonia, Slovenia, Switzerland). Nearly 2000 pages of information were reviewed and checked for compliance with relevant frameworks of national and international law. RESULTS: The assessment revealed significant inconsistencies in how clinics present information online, with particular concerns regarding transparency about success rates, associated risks, add-on techniques and the legal and ethical issues that may arise during the use of these techniques. CONCLUSIONS: The results of our analysis indicate an urgent need for enhanced regulatory oversight and standardized information requirements for assisted reproduction clinics across Europe. These findings suggest the necessity for harmonized legal frameworks that mandate comprehensive disclosure standards and establish effective enforcement mechanisms to ensure transparent and accurate information provision to potential patients.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMC medical ethics"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12910-026-01388-5","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s12910-026-01388-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"41629892"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-of-american-women-population-characteristics-recy71wvmjmsvyeom/","name":"Fertility of American Women: Population Characteristics","headline":"Fertility of American Women: Population Characteristics","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-of-american-women-population-characteristics-recy71wvmjmsvyeom/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Maeve E. Wallace","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mary Amelia Women's Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yuanyuan Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7687-7816","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"City of Hope","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01z1vct10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Charles Stoecker","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5438-9312","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Maeve E. Wallace is with the Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson. At the time of this study, Yin Wang and Charles Stoecker were with the Celia Scott Weath..."}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","pageStart":"345","pageEnd":"350","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/global-regional-and-national-burden-of-breast-cancer-among-females-1990-2023-wit-recmkuefc2ttigcgh/","name":"Global, regional, and national burden of breast cancer among females, 1990-2023, with forecasts to 2050: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023","headline":"Global, regional, and national burden of breast cancer among females, 1990-2023, with forecasts to 2050: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/global-regional-and-national-burden-of-breast-cancer-among-females-1990-2023-wit-recmkuefc2ttigcgh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"GBD 2023 Breast Cancer Collaborators"}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"27","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Lancet. Oncology"}}},"pageStart":"302","pageEnd":"326","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(25)00730-2","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/S1470-2045(25)00730-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"41785894"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-therapy-during-early-pregnancy-rec9yar7lk6pvxtbw/","name":"Hormonal Therapy During Early Pregnancy","headline":"Hormonal Therapy During Early Pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-therapy-during-early-pregnancy-rec9yar7lk6pvxtbw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hefeng Huang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4386-1455","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01byttc20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Huang HC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chuang YL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yu-Li Chuang","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Changhua Christian Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05d9dtr71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yang CK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chueh-Ko Yang","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Changhua Christian Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05d9dtr71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tsai HD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Horng-Der Tsai","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Changhua Christian Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05d9dtr71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C H Wu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9820-2000","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yiqing Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6870-4202","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hsin-Hung Wu","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Chung Hsing University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vn3ca78"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","pageStart":"1717071","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/current-medical-research-recaodeh13dhf3pa8/","name":"Current Medical Research(*) Summer-Fall 2011","headline":"Current Medical Research(*) Summer-Fall 2011","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/current-medical-research-recaodeh13dhf3pa8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hong Xiao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5113-2367","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fred Hutch Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007ps6h72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wei Xia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4423-9093","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00p991c53"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/personal-communication-recdp0er7fgyfaw3r/","name":"Personal Communication","headline":"Personal Communication","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/personal-communication-recdp0er7fgyfaw3r/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joost R Meijering","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3667-0353","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nurseda Risvanoglu","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Amsterdam University Medical Centers","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05grdyy37"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Julia D van Waard","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Amsterdam University Medical Centers","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05grdyy37"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Johanna H Nederhoed","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rigo Hoencamp","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1253-673X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Leiden University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xvt9f17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert A. van Hulst","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4833-0338","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Amsterdam University Medical Centers","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05grdyy37"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dirk T. Ubbink","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9398-8879","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Amsterdam University Medical Centers","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05grdyy37"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-role-of-nutrition-on-the-pathogenesis-of-endometriosis-reca6yrjtra8czshv/","name":"The Role of Nutrition on the Pathogenesis of Endometriosis","headline":"The Role of Nutrition on the Pathogenesis of Endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-role-of-nutrition-on-the-pathogenesis-of-endometriosis-reca6yrjtra8czshv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrzej Woźniak","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8571-6741","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Gynecology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-954 Lublin, Poland."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dominika Osińska","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2916-9332","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Independent Public Hospital No. 4 in Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-954 Lublin, Poland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03pebmm12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrzej Woźniak","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5647-9047","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical University of Lublin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016f61126"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sławomir Woźniak","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9967-1944","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical University of Lublin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016f61126"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nutrients"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nu18040646","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/nu18040646"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"41754163"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lipid-metabolism-drives-dietary-effects-on-t-cell-ferroptosis-and-immunity-rec2ebfifiwyatokk/","name":"Lipid metabolism drives dietary effects on T cell ferroptosis and immunity","headline":"Lipid metabolism drives dietary effects on T cell ferroptosis and immunity","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lipid-metabolism-drives-dietary-effects-on-t-cell-ferroptosis-and-immunity-rec2ebfifiwyatokk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wang N, Chen Z, Yao Y, Sun C, Wei W, Sun L, Zhang H, Li F, Butcher D, Sun SR, Gong J, Jiang YC, Qi Y, Huang J, Nettelfield S, Liu R, Zheng X, Li C, Fu Y, Geng H, Zhao L, Sun H, Yang Y, Ge Y, Pazhouhandeh M, Barlow CK, Jeppe KJ, Yunis J, Zhu C, Wei Y, Liang X, Bridle K, Frazer DM, Tey SK, Li Y, Yang Z, Shu M, Liu Z, Crawford D, Yu D"}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nature"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-10193-4","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/s41586-026-10193-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"41781622"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-billings-method-controlling-fertility-without-drugs-or-devices-rec9h5dkctljwtzfr/","name":"The Billings Method: Controlling Fertility Without Drugs or Devices","headline":"The Billings Method: Controlling Fertility Without Drugs or Devices","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-billings-method-controlling-fertility-without-drugs-or-devices-rec9h5dkctljwtzfr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Juan David Caicedo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5481-7927","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad Nacional de Colombia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059yx9a68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Luisa Fernanda Martínez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3387-425X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad Nacional de Colombia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059yx9a68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elga Johana Vargas","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5254-2256","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad Nacional de Colombia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059yx9a68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Itali Linero","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-1663","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad Nacional de Colombia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059yx9a68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Orlando Chaparro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7209-219X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, D. C., Colombia"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E L Billings","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ozarka College"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","pageStart":"109","pageEnd":"120","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-dominant-ovarian-follicle-reclwxdqwvmbnkt5b/","name":"The dominant ovarian follicle","headline":"The dominant ovarian follicle","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-dominant-ovarian-follicle-reclwxdqwvmbnkt5b/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Getúlio M. da Silveira","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Federal de Santa Maria","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01b78mz79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marcelo S. Fernandes","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Departamento de Clínica de Grandes Animais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marcelo S. Fernandez","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Federal de Santa Maria","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01b78mz79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gilson Antônio Pessoa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3632-0909","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Federal de Santa Maria","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01b78mz79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jawahar Singh","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gregg Patrick Adams","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Saskatchewan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carlos E.P. Leonardi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5485-1706"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G D Hodgen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eastern Virginia Medical School","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056hr4255"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"259","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"117904","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6811331"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/response-to-the-illusion-of-reproductive-choice-how-restorative-reproductive-med-rec5vyrmdvzf8gqtc/","name":"Reply of the authors: \"Response to \"The illusion of reproductive choice: how restorative reproductive medicine violates reproductive autonomy and informed consent\"\" by Frank-Herrmann et al","headline":"Reply of the authors: \"Response to \"The illusion of reproductive choice: how restorative reproductive medicine violates reproductive autonomy and informed consent\"\" by Frank-Herrmann et al","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/response-to-the-illusion-of-reproductive-choice-how-restorative-reproductive-med-rec5vyrmdvzf8gqtc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Benjamin J. Peipert","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5038-7472","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pennsylvania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jamie T. Kuhlman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tennessee Department of Education","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dwsfp88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eve C. Feinberg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7454-5669","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/000e0be47"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"125","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"180","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2025.10.029","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2025.10.029"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"41475701"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/anatomy-abdomen-and-pelvis-ovary-corpus-luteum-kverh5cu/","name":"Anatomy, Abdomen and Pelvis, Ovary Corpus Luteum","headline":"Anatomy, Abdomen and Pelvis, Ovary Corpus Luteum","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/anatomy-abdomen-and-pelvis-ovary-corpus-luteum-kverh5cu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Oliver R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pillarisetty LS"}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","abstract":"The corpus luteum is a vital yet temporary organ that plays a crucial role in fertility during the luteal phase. An endocrine structure in females exists within the ovary once the ovarian follicle releases a mature ovum during ovulation. See Image. Anatomy of the Internal Structures of the Ovary. The secretion of hormones from the corpus luteum stops within 14 days after ovulation if the oocyte is not fertilized. It then degenerates into a scar within the ovary, known as corpus albicans. The corpus luteum's role is to maintain a uterine environment that allows for implementation and pregnancy. This occurs by the release of pregnancy-related hormones and regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary access through inhibition of gonadotropin-releasing hormone from the hypothalamus, which in turn decreases the luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) released from the anterior pituitary. The primary hormone produced by the corpus luteum is progesterone, but it also produces inhibin A and estradiol. In the absence of fertilization, the corpus luteum regresses over time. A corpus luteum develops each time a woman ovulates so that she produces a corpus luteum numerous times throughout her lifetime.","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q95444253","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30969526"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q95444253"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/spontaneous-abortion-rate-in-patients-with-endometriosis-rec3ygds6q5b4m9ox/","name":"Spontaneous abortion rate in patients with endometriosis","headline":"Spontaneous abortion rate in patients with endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/spontaneous-abortion-rate-in-patients-with-endometriosis-rec3ygds6q5b4m9ox/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiaobo Yang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5562-4134","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangxi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02c9qn167"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yan Su","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9036-4227","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01a2gef28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ying Guo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2629-4145","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wadsworth Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/050kf9c55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Minming Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2375-867X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059cjpv64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jinna Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0912-1197","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiaojing Hou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1044-3617","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01a2gef28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shuaihong Zhao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9849-390X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Beijing Shijitan Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0569k1630"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Huiqing An","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01a2gef28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiufeng Ling","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7820-9152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01a2gef28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rong Shen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5365-3246","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01a2gef28"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"95","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"e70202","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancy-following-infertility-recnxkcjy8ioncmbt/","name":"Pregnancy following infertility","headline":"Pregnancy following infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancy-following-infertility-recnxkcjy8ioncmbt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mohamed Bashir","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3462-766X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jazeera University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01f0pjz75"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mohsin Shera","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"st Century Systems (United States)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t87a490"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aditi Nadkarni","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"st Century Systems (United States)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t87a490"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ian D Cooke","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Academic Unit of Reproductive and Developmental Medicine, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinics in Obstetrics and Gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"577238","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"4471505"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clinical-management-of-infertility-due-to-multiple-causes-recgdtg8aogswlfer/","name":"Clinical Management of Infertility due to Multiple Causes","headline":"Clinical Management of Infertility due to Multiple Causes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clinical-management-of-infertility-due-to-multiple-causes-recgdtg8aogswlfer/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Telila Mesfin Tadesse","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Madda Walabu University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04zte5g15"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","pageStart":"2646774","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reply-of-the-authors-response-to-the-illusion-of-reproductive-choice-how-restora-recggbdptunecpjem/","name":"Response to \"The illusion of reproductive choice: how restorative reproductive medicine violates reproductive autonomy and informed consent\"","headline":"Response to \"The illusion of reproductive choice: how restorative reproductive medicine violates reproductive autonomy and informed consent\"","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reply-of-the-authors-response-to-the-illusion-of-reproductive-choice-how-restora-recggbdptunecpjem/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tracey A Parnell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4226-1582","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Monica Minjeur","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6183-8258","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Radiant Clinic, Cedar Rapids, IA, USA"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Petra Frank-Herrmann","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0330-0741","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Gynaecological Endocrinology and Fertility Disorders, University of Heidelberg, Vossstrasse 9, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany. petra.frank-herrmann@med.uni-heidelberg.de","sameAs":"https://ror.org/038t36y30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tanja Freundl-Schütt","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Gnoth","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6329-4075","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","abstract":"Peipert et al. (1) claim that restorative reproductive medicine (RRM) originated as a political and religious movement with the purpose to limit access to in vitro fertilization (IVF). In so doing, they mischaracterize the origin, development, and aims of RRM, as articulated by the International Institute for Restorative Reproductive Medicine, founded in 2000. They do not refer to any peer-reviewed medical literature published by clinicians and researchers working to develop RRM. Objecting that certain political or economic interests promote RRM (or, alternatively, IVF) does not constitute the basis for an evidence-based scientific critique or discussion. Thus, their editorial falls short of a serious effort to understand RRM scientifically.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"125","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"177","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2025.10.014","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2025.10.014"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"41475698"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hysterosalpingography-in-reproductive-medicine-and-surgery-recucumc1nxqwjqyk/","name":"Hysterosalpingography in Reproductive Medicine and Surgery","headline":"Hysterosalpingography in Reproductive Medicine and Surgery","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hysterosalpingography-in-reproductive-medicine-and-surgery-recucumc1nxqwjqyk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Maajid Mohi Ud Din Malik","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1743-1520","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Radiology and Imaging Technology, Dr. D.Y. Patil School of Allied Health Sciences Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth<sup>,</sup> Pune (Deemed to be University)  Pune India"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"28","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11 Suppl","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Rinsho hoshasen. Clinical radiography"}}},"pageStart":"1423","pageEnd":"1431","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-in-japan-a-summary-report-for-2023-by-the-commi-pkxezwws/","name":"Assisted Reproductive Technology in Japan: A Summary Report for 2023 by the Committee on Professional Scientific Conduct and Clinical Ethics of the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology","headline":"Assisted Reproductive Technology in Japan: A Summary Report for 2023 by the Committee on Professional Scientific Conduct and Clinical Ethics of the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-in-japan-a-summary-report-for-2023-by-the-commi-pkxezwws/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Katagiri Y"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jwa SC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kuwahara A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Iwasa T","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1014-5687"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Ono","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yamaguchi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03cxys317"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kato K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kishi H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Taniguchi F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Harada M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1071-5600"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Iwase A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Norihiro Sugino","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8874-7931","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yamaguchi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03cxys317"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","abstract":"PURPOSE: To summarize assisted reproductive technology (ART) data for 2023 collected through the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology registry.\n\nMETHODS AND RESULTS: 625 out of 638 registered ART facilities took part in the study, documenting 561 664 treatment cycles and 85 048 newborns (+3.3% and +10.2% increases from 2022). The average age of women undergoing treatment was 37.3 years (standard deviation: 4.8); 205 986 cycles (36.7%) involved women aged ≥ 40 years. Among fresh cycles, oocyte retrieval was performed in 281 665 cycles, including 168 343 freeze-all cycles (59.8%). A total of 2329 pregnancies and 3375 newborns resulted from in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles, yielding 1772 and 2502 newborns, respectively. The overall rates for single embryo transfer (SET) and singleton delivery were 80.5% and 96.5%. Frozen-thawed embryo transfer accounted for 271 361 cycles, resulting in 109 850 pregnancies and 80 774 newborns, with a SET rate of 84.7% and a singleton delivery rate of 96.3%.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: In 2023, the second year of insurance coverage, the registry recorded the highest numbers of treatment cycles and newborns. Effective registry systems planned for 2026 will enable comprehensive evaluation of emerging trends in Japanese ART practice.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"25","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproductive Medicine and Biology"}}},"pageStart":"e70008","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rmb2.70008","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/rmb2.70008"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"41450563"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-scientific-foundations-of-the-ovulation-method-recgrmhlrnlqevwuf/","name":"The Scientific Foundations of the Ovulation Method","headline":"The Scientific Foundations of the Ovulation Method","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-scientific-foundations-of-the-ovulation-method-recgrmhlrnlqevwuf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Nam T Nguyen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8039-4753","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"IVFMD, My Duc Hospital , Ho Chi Minh City,"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vu N A Ho","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1768-8393","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"City of Hope","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01z1vct10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Toan D Pham","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7267-2274","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"HOPE Research Center, My Duc Hospital , Ho Chi Minh City,"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Minh H N Nguyen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6770-0082","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"City of Hope","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01z1vct10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Duy L Nguyen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9337-1289","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"HOPE Research Center, My Duc Hospital , Ho Chi Minh City,"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ho L Le","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6149-170X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"IVFMD, My Duc Hospital , Ho Chi Minh City,"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Huu‐Hoai Le","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2018-1713","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City","sameAs":"https://ror.org/025kb2624"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Khanh T Q Le","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0328-7953","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"City of Hope","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01z1vct10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Luong D Ly","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8824-8777","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"HOPE Research Center, My Duc Hospital , Ho Chi Minh City,"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mai Thi Ngoc Tran","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0377-3239","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Griffith University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02sc3r913"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tuong M Ho","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3528-7358","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"IVFMD, My Duc Hospital , Ho Chi Minh City,"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert J Norman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5333-6451","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen Elizabeth Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x362k69"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lan N. Vuong","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6529-6912","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City","sameAs":"https://ror.org/025kb2624"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","pageStart":"hoag012","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sexually-transmitted-diseases-in-america-how-many-cases-and-at-what-cost-recrhgyp6vhlfmhnk/","name":"Sexually Transmitted Diseases in America: How Many Cases and at What Cost?","headline":"Sexually Transmitted Diseases in America: How Many Cases and at What Cost?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sexually-transmitted-diseases-in-america-how-many-cases-and-at-what-cost-recrhgyp6vhlfmhnk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Theisen Honore E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emilie Theisen Honoré","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Market Access, MSD"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas Le Fevre","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0260-2147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Market Access, MSD"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrew Pavelyev","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Howard County Library System","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010qmx075"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ugne Sabale","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1874-8730","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Health Economics and Outcomes Research (United Kingdom)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047933096"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christian Grønhøj","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4524-8291"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vincent Daniels","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3226-7231","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA (United States)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02891sr49"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","pageStart":"397","pageEnd":"406","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/current-research-in-cervical-mucus-recvtdigijws5ndpe/","name":"Current Research in Cervical Mucus","headline":"Current Research in Cervical Mucus","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/current-research-in-cervical-mucus-recvtdigijws5ndpe/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marcelo Mass Lindenbaum","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1027-8412","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cleveland Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xjacd83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sohei Kuribayashi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0564-6404"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Scott D. Lundy","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cleveland Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xjacd83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-intrauterine-device-contraceptive-or-abortifacient-recb8i1qfreg6okz0/","name":"The intrauterine device. Contraceptive or abortifacient?","headline":"The intrauterine device. Contraceptive or abortifacient?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-intrauterine-device-contraceptive-or-abortifacient-recb8i1qfreg6okz0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Malika Parchment","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Orlando Regional Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01j9pph68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mihir Waykar","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Orlando Regional Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01j9pph68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shannon Schellhammer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Orlando Regional Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01j9pph68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Steve Carlan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Orlando Regional Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01j9pph68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Minnesota Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"e103964","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metabolic-effects-of-hormonal-contraception-in-women-with-and-without-polycystic-recx7b6dj8pnfodwq/","name":"Metabolic effects of hormonal contraception in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"Metabolic effects of hormonal contraception in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metabolic-effects-of-hormonal-contraception-in-women-with-and-without-polycystic-recx7b6dj8pnfodwq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Berna Dilbaz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1137-8650","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zübeyde Hanim Maternity Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0011v4420"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Çağlayan Ateş","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4200-2659","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yozgat Bozok Üniversitesi","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04qvdf239"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria-Elina Mosorin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4723-080X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oulu University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045ney286"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","pageStart":"1","pageEnd":"8","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-killer-cell-dysregulation-in-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-immunometabolic-a-umrmwhbm/","name":"Natural killer cell dysregulation in polycystic ovary syndrome: immunometabolic and reproductive implication","headline":"Natural killer cell dysregulation in polycystic ovary syndrome: immunometabolic and reproductive implication","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-killer-cell-dysregulation-in-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-immunometabolic-a-umrmwhbm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jiang N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jueli Liu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5815-2483","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang A & F University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vj4rn06"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chenyu Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8037-0698","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Qilu Hospital of Shandong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056ef9489"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xi Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9885-356X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Northwestern University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/000e0be47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yanli Pang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1664-7592","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01mv9t934"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiqian Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9305-8142","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangdong Province Women and Children Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0493m8x04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ma Y","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6897-5064"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Suqun Zhang","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010826a91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yan-wen Xu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4201-3621","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/037p24858"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qin Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8549-0122","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01mv9t934"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qian Sun","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03617rq47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tang P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Han L"}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","abstract":"Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a complex endocrine and metabolic disorder, involves significant dysregulation of the immune system. Natural killer (NK) cells, as key components of innate immunity, demonstrate notable phenotypic and functional alterations in women with PCOS. These changes include not only an elevated proportion in peripheral blood but also dynamic shifts within the local microenvironments of the ovary and endometrium. The increased level of peripheral NK cells correlates with a chronic low-grade inflammatory state, potentially serving as a predictive marker in infertile PCOS patients. Within the endometrium, uterine NK (uNK) cells exhibit reduced numbers and impaired function, accompanied by dysregulation of cytokine networks such as IL-15 and IL-18, which disrupts the immune equilibrium essential for embryo implantation. Abnormal NK cell function further involves alterations in killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) repertoires and dysregulated secretion of angiogenic factors, thereby compromising endometrial receptivity and vascular remodeling. Hyperandrogenemia modulates the distribution and activity of NK cells in reproductive tissues by influencing their surface activation markers, while insulin resistance promotes the generation of myeloid-feature NK (myNK) cell subsets via the IL-6/Stat3 signaling pathway, collectively exacerbating metabolic inflammation and reproductive dysfunction. Deciphering the role of NK cells in the immunometabolic interplay of PCOS reveals their position as a critical link between. May represent a potential cutoff requiring validation in larger cohorts reproductive impairment and metabolic disturbances, opening new avenues for targeted immunomodulatory interventions. Collectively, NK cells appear to present an important immunometabolic link between reproductive dysfunction and metabolic disturbance in PCOS, highlight their potential relevance as therapeutic targets.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in immunology"}},"pageStart":"1781451","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1781451","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fimmu.2026.1781451"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"42064078"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-rec8iu4ulieswwtoy/","name":"Endometriosis","headline":"Endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-rec8iu4ulieswwtoy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Barbara Gardella","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0812-8995","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pavia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00s6t1f81"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arsenio Spinillo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7755-1084","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pavia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00s6t1f81"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mattia Dominoni","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation , 27100 Pavia ,"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lara Tiranini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2981-9269","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation , 27100 Pavia ,"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chiara Cassani","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation , 27100 Pavia ,"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rossella E Nappi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1713-6396","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute for Clinical and Scientific Research (IRCCS) S. Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. renappi@tin.it","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04tfzc498"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christian M Becker","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9870-9581","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oxford","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052gg0110"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stacey A Missmer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1768-7705","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Michigan State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Krina T Zondervan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0275-9905","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institut Gustave Roussy","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0321g0743"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"23","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England Journal of Medicine"}}},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-in-latin-america-the-latin-american-registry-20-uzo52xkc/","name":"Assisted reproductive technology in Latin America: the Latin American Registry, 2022","headline":"Assisted reproductive technology in Latin America: the Latin American Registry, 2022","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-in-latin-america-the-latin-american-registry-20-uzo52xkc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Fernando Zegers-Hochschild","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6234-6179","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Clínica Las Condes","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j5bwe91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Crosby JA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Musri C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Petermann-Rocha F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gabriel Martínez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3692-3339","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México","sameAs":"https://ror.org/029md1766"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nakagawa H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roque A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Palma-Govea A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Latin American Network of Assisted Reproduction"}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","abstract":"RESEARCH QUESTION: What are the trends and effects of assisted reproductive technology (ART) interventions on the effectiveness and safety of ART carried out in Latin America during 2022.\n\nDESIGN: Retrospective collection of cycle-based multinational data obtained from ART procedures carried out by 204 accredited institutions in 16 countries.\n\nRESULTS: In total 123,265 initiated cycles resulted in 19,663 deliveries and 22,203 births. Use of ART varied greatly, from 643.3 cycles/million inhabitants in Uruguay to 28.8 in Guatemala. In autologous cycles, the proportion of women aged ≥40 years represents 35.1% of cycles, whereas women <34 years represents only 18.8%. The proportion of single embryo transfers (SET) increased from 42.4% in 2021 to 47.3% in 2022. Out of 22,203 babies born, 77.4% were singletons, 21.7% twins and 0.9% triplets or more. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection represented 85.4% of fertilization techniques, and blastocyst transfer increased from 79.3% in 2021 to 85.3% in 2022. Delivery rate after fresh blastocyst elective single embryo transfer (32.6%) was significantly higher than after the transfer of one frozen embryo transfer (FET) from freeze-all cycle (25.2%) (P = 0.0001). The number of aspirations leading to preimplantation genetic testing increased 2.6 times in 6 years, and significantly increased delivery rates/transfer (P ≤ 0.008) and reduced miscarriage at all ages (P ≤ 0.004) in autologous cycles, but not in oocyte donation cycles. Delivery rates after fresh transfer of embryos from vitrified-warmed donated oocytes, generated similar outcome to FET from fresh oocyte donation cycles (P = 0.5621). Perinatal mortality increased from 7.5‰ in singletons to 22.8‰ in twins.\n\nCONCLUSION: Systematic collection of cycle-based multinational data contributes to cooperative sustained development and helps implement evidence-based reproductive decisions.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"52","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproductive Biomedicine Online"}}},"pageStart":"105216","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbmo.2025.105216","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.rbmo.2025.105216"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"41353791"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/stress-and-reproduction-the-role-of-cortisol-rectir2zbbwvy2py1/","name":"Stress and Reproduction: The Role of Cortisol","headline":"Stress and Reproduction: The Role of Cortisol","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/stress-and-reproduction-the-role-of-cortisol-rectir2zbbwvy2py1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S. Savitha","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01w4gn737"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ranjan Solanki","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9359-8758","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00m9c2804"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-critical-evaluation-of-effectiveness-studies-in-natural-family-planning-recqeclfcdx3mueq2/","name":"A Critical Evaluation of Effectiveness Studies in Natural Family Planning","headline":"A Critical Evaluation of Effectiveness Studies in Natural Family Planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-critical-evaluation-of-effectiveness-studies-in-natural-family-planning-recqeclfcdx3mueq2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiaobo Yang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5562-4134","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangxi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02c9qn167"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hua Liu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6084-2769","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanxi Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0265d1010"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ke Xu","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Xi'an Honghui Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/015bnwc11"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dan He","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Health and Family Planning Commission","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052eegr76"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shiqiang Cheng","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Health and Family Planning Commission","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052eegr76"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chuyu Pan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Health and Family Planning Commission","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052eegr76"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Li Liu","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Health and Family Planning Commission","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052eegr76"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wei Wei","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8210-2024","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059cjpv64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Boyue Zhao","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Health and Family Planning Commission","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052eegr76"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jingni Hui","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Health and Family Planning Commission","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052eegr76"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yan Wen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Health and Family Planning Commission","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052eegr76"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yumeng Jia","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Health and Family Planning Commission","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052eegr76"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bolun Cheng","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Health and Family Planning Commission","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052eegr76"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peng Xu","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Xi'an Honghui Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/015bnwc11"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Feng Zhang","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Health and Family Planning Commission","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052eegr76"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-support-in-pregnancy-recprihnpszqhjfci/","name":"Progesterone Support in Pregnancy","headline":"Progesterone Support in Pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-support-in-pregnancy-recprihnpszqhjfci/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Nina Freiesleben Mørch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7104-5722","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035b05819"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bugge Nøhr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9744-4452","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Herlev Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wys9y90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mille Kirk","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3119-017X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035b05819"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Line Rode","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9080-3389","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035b05819"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pernille Fog Svendsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8534-7868","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035b05819"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/response-to-the-illusion-of-reproductive-choice-how-restorative-reproductive-med-recrma23tvxenkgzc/","name":"\"Response to \"\"The illusion of reproductive choice: how restorative reproductive medicine violates informed consent for infertility treatment\"\"\"","headline":"\"Response to \"\"The illusion of reproductive choice: how restorative reproductive medicine violates informed consent for infertility treatment\"\"\"","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/response-to-the-illusion-of-reproductive-choice-how-restorative-reproductive-med-recrma23tvxenkgzc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C Gnoth","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6329-4075","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Petra Frank-Herrmann","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0330-0741","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Gynaecological Endocrinology and Fertility Disorders, University of Heidelberg, Vossstrasse 9, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany. petra.frank-herrmann@med.uni-heidelberg.de","sameAs":"https://ror.org/038t36y30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tanja Freundl-Schütt","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"125","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"179","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2025.10.021","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2025.10.021"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"41475700"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/plasma-levels-of-progesterone-after-vaginal-rectal-or-intramuscular-administrati-recba2eust7n1zptz/","name":"Plasma levels of progesterone after vaginal, rectal, or intramuscular administration of progesterone","headline":"Plasma levels of progesterone after vaginal, rectal, or intramuscular administration of progesterone","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/plasma-levels-of-progesterone-after-vaginal-rectal-or-intramuscular-administrati-recba2eust7n1zptz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Baoyue Cui","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7327-4824","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Technology Innovation Center of Cattle and Sheep Embryo Hebei Agricultural University  Baoding Hebei China"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yi Liu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9300-2843","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xueqing Wu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6531-8349","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanxi Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0265d1010"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xike Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0019-4197","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E D Johansson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Uppsala University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/048a87296"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"61","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"e70165","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"5582003"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-role-of-natural-progesterone-in-natural-hormone-replacement-therapy-recsww1jgy7vwgyqe/","name":"The role of natural progesterone in natural hormone replacement therapy","headline":"The role of natural progesterone in natural hormone replacement therapy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-role-of-natural-progesterone-in-natural-hormone-replacement-therapy-recsww1jgy7vwgyqe/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Seçil İrem Arık Alpçetin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9512-533X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Gazi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/054xkpr46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tamella Taghiyeva","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4130-5404","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Gazi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/054xkpr46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Erhan Demirdağ","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4599-3854","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Gazi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/054xkpr46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Duru Erdem","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1184-683X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Gazi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/054xkpr46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Münire Funda Cevher Akdulum","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2285-7112","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pınar Çalış Tokdemir","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9334-1987","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nuray Bozkurt","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1107-9629","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ahmet Erdem","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9944-6894","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mehmet Erdem","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1939-7138","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Reproductive Science Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007yvyg13"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Compounding"}}},"pageStart":"2656","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23981890"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-new-technologies-of-birth-rec5z6mjv3veei5be/","name":"The New Technologies of Birth","headline":"The New Technologies of Birth","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-new-technologies-of-birth-rec5z6mjv3veei5be/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bo Zhu","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wenzhou Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00rd5t069"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ying Guo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2629-4145","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wadsworth Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/050kf9c55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Meng Du","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shandong Institute of Business and Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rrkrc24"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiangjun Zhou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4536-9103","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wenzhou University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/020hxh324"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2026-01-01","pageStart":"e0334669","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effectiveness-of-an-elective-about-fertility-awarenessbased-methods-on-students-knowledge-recixgiekkzneyljs/","name":"The Effectiveness of an Elective About Fertility Awareness-Based Methods on Students’ Knowledge: A Quasi-Experimental Study of Nursing and Medical Students","headline":"The Effectiveness of an Elective About Fertility Awareness-Based Methods on Students’ Knowledge: A Quasi-Experimental Study of Nursing and Medical Students","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effectiveness-of-an-elective-about-fertility-awarenessbased-methods-on-students-knowledge-recixgiekkzneyljs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marguerite Duane","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duquesne University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02336z538"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Meredith Krutar","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Carroll College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x5b2p37"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kellie Wo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Hawaii System","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03tzaeb71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Logan Waechtler","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2025-12-28","abstract":"Objective: To assess the effectiveness of an elective to improve students’ knowledge of fertility awareness-based methods for family planning and to determine whether there was a difference in knowledge gained by student type and/or course structure.\nDesign: A quasi-experimental study of preand postassessment scores among three different groups of healthcare students.\n\nSubjects: In one group, 24 undergraduate nursing students in a semester-long hybrid course. In a second group, 16 second year medical students in a six-week hybrid selective course. In the third group, 80 fourth year medical students in a two-week online elective for a total of 120 students completing the elective from January 2018 to June 2020.\n\nIntervention: All students completed a knowledge assessment before the course, and the identical assessment after the course, with a maximum possible score of 20. ANOVA and non-parametric tests were used for data analysis.\nMain Outcome Measure: The main outcome measure was comparison of post-course scores to pre-course scores.\n\nResults: The mean pre-course score of about 50% in the undergraduate nursing group (x) was lower than the medical students in the six-week course (y) and two-week course (z) both about 70%. However, there was no difference in the mean post-course scores between the groups, which was about 90%.\n\nLimitations: Assessments were mandated, but lectures were not, which could skew assessment scores. Additionally, the study focused on students signing up for the elective so it may not be generalizable to all medical and nursing student populations. Finally, educational interests and demographics impacting a student’s ability to learn and retain FABM knowledge is beyond the scope of this study.\n\nConclusion: This elective was effective in improving fertility awareness-based method knowledge of medical and nursing students. All student groups had strong post-course knowledge scores – 90% accuracy, regardless of course structure. A fully online elective has the potential to make this knowledge easily available worldwide.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Restorative Reproductive Medicine"}},"pageStart":"1","pageEnd":"9","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.63264/yy0bta86","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.63264/yy0bta86"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estimating-impact-of-sars-cov-2-infection-on-health-related-quality-of-life-amon-recinybndy9znstz6/","name":"\"Estimating Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on Health-Related Quality of Life among Persons Aged 8 years and Older, August 2020-July 2022\"","headline":"\"Estimating Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on Health-Related Quality of Life among Persons Aged 8 years and Older, August 2020-July 2022\"","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estimating-impact-of-sars-cov-2-infection-on-health-related-quality-of-life-amon-recinybndy9znstz6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarah Johnson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0259-7950","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042twtr12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Huong Q. Nguyen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2725-6439","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marshfield Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/025chrz76"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ruth A. Karron","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4448-4946","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fatimah S. Dawood","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6609-376X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042twtr12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa A Posser","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Michigan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marissa K. Hetrich","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2737-4322","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria Deloria Knoll","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9041-2671","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Deloria Knoll M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vic Veguilla","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0610-4316","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042twtr12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jazmin Duque","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1222-8617","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Abt Global (United States)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0502afh35"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zuha Jeddy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9591-2314","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Abt Global (United States)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0502afh35"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jamison Pike","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9356-7281","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042twtr12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandra Mellis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6756-1425"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christina A Porucznik","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1973-2917","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa A. Prosser"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Melissa A. Rolfes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0483-9941"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alisha P. Sarakki","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elizabeth Schappell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Melissa S. Stockwell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2113-7247","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05fy98n62"}}],"datePublished":"2025-12-11","abstract":"Background Severe COVID-19 results in substantial economic burden and impacts quality of life. Assessing how non-hospitalized COVID-19 impacts health utilities during acute infection and long term is important to estimate the full economic impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods We analyzed EQ-5D-3L survey data from SARS-CoV-2 infected adults (aged ≥16 years) and children (aged 8-15 years) from three community and household cohorts in the United States (2020-2022). EQ-5D-3L scores were analyzed at three time points after symptom onset or first positive SARS-CoV-2 test result and converted to health utilities on a scale of 0-1 (1=perfect health). Among adults, regression models were used to compare differences in health utility by demographic/clinical characteristics. Results Among 538 SARS-CoV-2 non-hospitalized asymptomatic/symptomatic infections from 575 adults with EQ-5D-3L surveys, mean utilities were near 1 throughout the observation period. During 0-14 days, vaccinated participants had higher health utilities (Beta:0.57, 95% CI:0.07,1.07). Seeking medical care and having gastrointestinal symptoms (vs. none), were associated with lower health utilities (Beta, 95% CI:-0.96, −1.60, −0.31; and −0.76, −1.30, −0.21 respectively). During 15-30 days, unemployment was associated with lower health utility (Beta:-0.64, 95% CI:-1.15,-0.14). During 31-90 days, underlying conditions were associated with lower health utilities (Beta:-0.32, 95% CI:-0.54, −0.09). Results for children were similar to adults. Conclusion Non-hospitalized COVID-19 may have minimal overall impact on quality of life; however, health utilities differed by vaccination status, presence of gastrointestinal symptoms, employment status, and presence of underlying conditions. Vaccination may play an important role in minimizing illness impact from SARS-CoV-2 infection. Key points Severe COVID-19 illness causes substantial economic burden and impacts on quality of life; however, the incidence of non-hospitalized COVID-19 is far greater. Assessing how non-hospitalized COVID-19 impacts health during acute infection and long term is important to understand the full impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study utilizes the EQ-5D-3L, a standardized generic preference-based instrument used in population health studies, to estimate health utilities at multiple time points following SARS-CoV-2 infection. The study also examines demographic/medical characteristics that are associated with health utility over time. While mean health utilities were high for all infection periods regardless of age, health utility was lower at varying time points post-infection among adults who sought medical care, reported gastrointestinal symptoms, were unemployed, and with underlying conditions. Vaccinated adults (vs. unvaccinated) had higher health utility and were less likely to report reduced health. Findings can be used as inputs for economic evaluation and assessing impact of interventions for non-hospitalized SARS-CoV-2 illness, such as vaccination.","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2025.12.10.25341971","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.64898/2025.12.10.25341971"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/guideline-for-the-prevention-diagnosis-and-treatment-of-infertility-rvvddnnk/","name":"Guideline for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of infertility. Web Annex C. Evidence to decision tables for diagnosis of infertility","headline":"Guideline for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of infertility. Web Annex C. Evidence to decision tables for diagnosis of infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/guideline-for-the-prevention-diagnosis-and-treatment-of-infertility-rvvddnnk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"World Health Organization"}],"datePublished":"2025-12-11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"World Health Organization"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.2471/b09577","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2471/b09577"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-reproductive-endocrinology-and-infertility-subspecialist-definition-training-tfne8bu8/","name":"The reproductive endocrinology and infertility subspecialist: definition, training, and scope of practice in the United States","headline":"The reproductive endocrinology and infertility subspecialist: definition, training, and scope of practice in the United States","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-reproductive-endocrinology-and-infertility-subspecialist-definition-training-tfne8bu8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Clarisa Gracia"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amato P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anderson J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Flyckt R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hansen K","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5204-2080"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hill M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1705-0835"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jain T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jindal S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Kalra","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7013-9794"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pier B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Denny Sakkas"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anne Steiner","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duke University Hospital Durham NC USA"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tanrikut C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yauger B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brannigan R","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6033-560X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ginsburg E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jared Robins","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shannon CN"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brooks M"}],"datePublished":"2025-12-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"124","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1201","pageEnd":"1209","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2025.09.028","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2025.09.028"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/author-correction-datadriven-subtypes-of-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-and-their-ass-xjkmslrx/","name":"Author Correction: Data-driven subtypes of polycystic ovary syndrome and their association with clinical outcomes","headline":"Author Correction: Data-driven subtypes of polycystic ovary syndrome and their association with clinical outcomes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/author-correction-datadriven-subtypes-of-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-and-their-ass-xjkmslrx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Gao X, Zhao S, Du Y, Yang Z, Tian Y, Zhao J, Yuan X, Santos BR, Wei D, Cui L, Yan J, Qin Y, Shi Y, Tang R, Sun Y, Hu J, Ding L, Song X, Ha L, Li J, China Women’s Reproductive Metabolic Network, Zhang H, Spritzer PM, Yildiz BO, Stener-Victorin E, Yong EL, Ou XH, Legro RS, Zhao H, Chen ZJ"}],"datePublished":"2025-12-01","abstract":"Collaborators: Zhou L, Ou XH, Bian Y, Wang Q, Zhao Y, Liang X, Liu J, Ma X, Li X, Gu Z, Li Y, Li J, Xia M, Wang S, Li Y, Qian Y, Ma J, He F, Gao S, Liu X, Li S, Jiang Y, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Tian Y, Zhang C, Zhang H, Zhao S, Zhao H.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"31","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nature medicine"}}},"pageStart":"4314","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-04113-8","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/s41591-025-04113-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"41266686"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/overview-of-hfea-public-consultation-on-choose-a-fertility-clinic-2025-recqmizl4801llwjy/","name":"Overview of HFEA Public Consultation on Choose a Fertility Clinic 2025","headline":"Overview of HFEA Public Consultation on Choose a Fertility Clinic 2025","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/overview-of-hfea-public-consultation-on-choose-a-fertility-clinic-2025-recqmizl4801llwjy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority"}],"datePublished":"2025-12-01","abstract":"# Overview of HFEA public consultation on Choose a Fertility Clinic 2025\nConsultation held August-September 2025 on clinic’s main profile statistics on the Choose a Fertility Clinic webpage\nPublished: December 2025\n## Table of contents\n- [Introduction](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/overview-of-hfea-public-consultation-on-choose-a-fertility-clinic-2025/#introduction)\n- [Main points](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/overview-of-hfea-public-consultation-on-choose-a-fertility-clinic-2025/#main-points)\n- Summary of findings from the consultation\n- [Section 1: Overview of response groups](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/overview-of-hfea-public-consultation-on-choose-a-fertility-clinic-2025/#section-1)\n- [Section 2: Main profile page statistic: which was the preferred rate?](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/overview-of-hfea-public-consultation-on-choose-a-fertility-clinic-2025/#section-2)\n- [Section 3: Presenting a combined rate](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/overview-of-hfea-public-consultation-on-choose-a-fertility-clinic-2025/#section-3)\n- [Section 4: Inclusion of different treatment types](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/overview-of-hfea-public-consultation-on-choose-a-fertility-clinic-2025/#section-4)\n- [Section 5: Additional considerations for the HFEA](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/overview-of-hfea-public-consultation-on-choose-a-fertility-clinic-2025/#section-5)\n- [About the HFEA](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/overview-of-hfea-public-consultation-on-choose-a-fertility-clinic-2025/#about-the-hfea)\n## Introduction\nThe HFEA has a statutory duty to provide information to the public about fertility treatment. Using the data collected from licensed fertility clinics, we publish verified information on th...","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/activitybased-costing-in-ivf-a-framework-for-transparency-and-operational-effici-ib2jrmm8/","name":"Activity-Based Costing in IVF: a framework for transparency and operational scaling of fertility services","headline":"Activity-Based Costing in IVF: a framework for transparency and operational scaling of fertility services","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/activitybased-costing-in-ivf-a-framework-for-transparency-and-operational-effici-ib2jrmm8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Chavez-Badiola A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rooks S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Silvestri G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Murray A"}],"datePublished":"2025-12-01","abstract":"PURPOSE: The economics of IVF operations remain opaque despite growing prevalence and substantial investment in fertility services. Traditional accounting methods often fall short by failing to capture the complex relationship between biological inputs (number of eggs and embryos processed), skilled labor, and equipment utilization, creating a distorted view across different procedures and patient characteristics.\n\nMETHODS: This paper presents Activity-Based Costing (ABC) as a methodological framework for understanding true IVF laboratory costs. We demonstrate a use case with an analysis of data from five IVF laboratories (600-2200 annual egg retrieval cycles) across different US regions including time studies of 500 + procedures at each site, with theoretical projections to 4000 annual egg retrieval cycles based on queuing theory.\n\nRESULTS: We identify significant cost elasticity with biological inputs; costs increase by 55% for egg freezing when the number of eggs per patient triples, and by 30% for complex IVF procedures (such as those requiring embryo biopsy) when egg count per patient doubles. We also describe substantial scale effects, with marginal lab costs 40% higher in centers performing 500 yearly egg retrieval cycles versus 2000-cycle centers, and 4000-cycle centers estimated to achieve 13-40% lower costs per procedure than operations performing 500 retrieval cycles annually. Finally, we show labor efficiency increases by 30% between centers performing 500 and 2000 annual egg retrieval cycles, an observation supported by a queuing rule of thumb (QROT) analysis, with capital utilization also improving dramatically.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: ABC enables evidence-based pricing, capacity planning, technology assessment, and consolidation strategizing. ABC is intended to inform operational efficiency, not clinical treatment, ensuring that quality of care and patient outcomes remain the primary considerations in fertility services.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"42","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics"}}},"pageStart":"4289","pageEnd":"4299","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-025-03715-y","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s10815-025-03715-y"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"41108471"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-conception-after-tubal-reconstruction-a-rare-success-following-bilateral-loiewgjx/","name":"Natural Conception After Tubal Reconstruction: A Rare Success Following Bilateral Fimbrioplasty for Post-pelvic Inflammatory Disease Occlusion","headline":"Natural Conception After Tubal Reconstruction: A Rare Success Following Bilateral Fimbrioplasty for Post-pelvic Inflammatory Disease Occlusion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-conception-after-tubal-reconstruction-a-rare-success-following-bilateral-loiewgjx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kumari S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Reyes Lizaola S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dabiri T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ping Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8061-6133","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jewish Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01h2jcs31"}}],"datePublished":"2025-12-01","abstract":"Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) remains a major cause of tubal factor infertility. Although in vitro fertilization (IVF) has largely replaced reconstructive surgery, selected patients with mild tubal damage may still achieve natural conception after surgical repair. This case highlights a spontaneous conception following bilateral fimbrioplasty in a patient with mild post-PID distal tubal occlusion. A 33-year-old, gravida 4 para 2, woman presented with three years of secondary infertility. Hysterosalpingogram (HSG) showed mild bilateral hydrosalpinx and distal tubal occlusion, with normal ovarian reserve and hormonal evaluation. The patient underwent robotic fimbrioplasty on July 23, 2025. Operative findings included Fitz-Hugh-Curtis changes, bilateral filmy adhesions, and grade-I distal occlusion. Bilateral adhesiolysis and fimbrioplasty were performed with restoration of tubal patency on chromotubation. The postoperative course was uncomplicated. Ten weeks after surgery, the patient conceived spontaneously with a normal intrauterine pregnancy. Tubal reconstructive surgery remains a valuable fertility-preserving option for selected patients who decline or lack access to IVF. Success depends on careful patient selection, minimal tubal damage, and meticulous microsurgical technique. Tubal reconstruction can offer selected women an affordable, fertility-preserving option, especially in low-resource settings where IVF is inaccessible.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cureus"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.100262","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.7759/cureus.100262"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"41607977"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-uterine-entry-technique-on-chorioamniotic-membrane-separation-in-f-recgvtww2ibkfqsdp/","name":"The effect of uterine entry technique on chorioamniotic membrane separation in fetoscopic laser photocoagulation for twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome: protocol for a randomized controlled trial","headline":"The effect of uterine entry technique on chorioamniotic membrane separation in fetoscopic laser photocoagulation for twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome: protocol for a randomized controlled trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-uterine-entry-technique-on-chorioamniotic-membrane-separation-in-f-recgvtww2ibkfqsdp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Brian Burnett","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jessian L Munoz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3938-2267","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christian M Parobek","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4511-3493","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Luis E Delgadillo Chabolla","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6500-5582","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Delgadillo Chabolla LE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cara Buskmiller","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1313-1192","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women’s Health, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Magdalena Sanz Cortes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0265-9859","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sanz Cortes M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael A Belfort","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1179-7647","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roopali V Donepudi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0387-2755","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Texas Children's Fetal Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Johnson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4280-5715","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ahmed A Nassr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1924-7965","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}}],"datePublished":"2025-11-21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"25","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMC pregnancy and childbirth"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-025-08410-5","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s12884-025-08410-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"41272584"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/improving-access-to-care-and-delivery-to-marginalized-and-vulnerable-populations-lebp5b24/","name":"Improving access to care and delivery to marginalized and vulnerable populations: a committee opinion","headline":"Improving access to care and delivery to marginalized and vulnerable populations: a committee opinion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/improving-access-to-care-and-delivery-to-marginalized-and-vulnerable-populations-lebp5b24/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine"}],"datePublished":"2025-11-15","abstract":"It has been estimated that only a quarter of persons with infertility in the United States can sufficiently access infertility care. Against this backdrop of disparity, specific populations, including persons of color, sexual and gender minorities, immigrants, and lower-income persons, face barriers that further constrain access to care. This document outlines these communities' barriers and reviews best practice recommendations to extend inclusive access to care for marginalized populations. This reference is intended to support health professionals with knowledge of barriers that limit access to care and to provide practical strategies to improve access and optimize healthcare delivery.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"124","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5 Pt 2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"974","pageEnd":"984","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2025.08.003","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2025.08.003"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40914668"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-procreative-technology-naprotechnology-for-infertility-take-home-baby-ra-recv02qu0r8ycnzoa/","name":"Natural procreative technology (NaProTechnology) for infertility: take-home baby rate and clinical outcomes in a 5-year single-center cohort of 1,310 couples","headline":"Natural procreative technology (NaProTechnology) for infertility: take-home baby rate and clinical outcomes in a 5-year single-center cohort of 1,310 couples","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-procreative-technology-naprotechnology-for-infertility-take-home-baby-ra-recv02qu0r8ycnzoa/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"José Ignacio Sánchez-Méndez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2559-2500","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad Francisco de Vitoria","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ha64j07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patricia Alonso‐Fernández","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4464-6087","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ferrer Grupo (Spain)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00mwcg389"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jaime Siegrist","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8082-9710","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad Francisco de Vitoria","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ha64j07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ricardo Abengózar-Muela","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad Francisco de Vitoria","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ha64j07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Juan Acosta-Díez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2145-7360","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ferrer Grupo (Spain)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00mwcg389"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patricia Alonso-Fernández","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9605-389X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fertilitas Center, Madrid, Spain."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sonsoles Alonso-Salvador","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0718-2308","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad Francisco de Vitoria","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ha64j07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Olga Calderón-Ruiz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5786-6791","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ferrer Grupo (Spain)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00mwcg389"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"María Pilar Cañones-Castañón","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ferrer Grupo (Spain)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00mwcg389"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peter G Danis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mercy Clinic Neurology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002r82k07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elena Espinosa-García","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2784-9310","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ferrer Grupo (Spain)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00mwcg389"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carolina Galocha-Morgado","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7654-1642","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ferrer Grupo (Spain)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00mwcg389"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"María Lombarte","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ferrer Grupo (Spain)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00mwcg389"}}],"datePublished":"2025-11-14","abstract":"Introduction: Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) are widely used to address infertility; however, they are costly, associated with medical risks, and often yield suboptimal clinical outcomes. Natural Procreative Technology, also known as NaProTechnology (NPT), provides a systematic and integrative approach to infertility by thoroughly identifying and treating underlying medical conditions to restore the couple's natural fertility potential. Despite its promise, real-world data on NPT effectiveness remain limited. The objective of this study is to evaluate the take-home baby rate in a large population of infertile couples treated with NPT and to synthesize findings from previously published studies.\n\nMethods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted involving 1,310 infertile couples treated at a specialized fertility clinic in Spain over a 5-year period. Participants presented with primary or secondary infertility or recurrent pregnancy loss. Clinical data, diagnoses, and outcomes were analyzed, including surgical interventions and treatment duration.\n\nResults: The mean age of women and men was 35.0 (SD 4.4) and 36.9 (SD 5.3) years, respectively. Primary infertility was the most common subtype (73.5%), the median infertility duration was 24 months, and prior ART attempts were recorded in 27.5% of couples. Mean number of diagnoses per couple was 2.5 (SD 1.3). The crude take-home baby rate was 35.3% (N = 463). Independent predictors of successful take-home baby included female age, recurrent pregnancy loss as the reason for consultation, duration of infertility, and the presence of endometriosis, hormonal dysfunction, male factor, and endometrial disorders as diagnoses. Considering a median duration of NPT of 10.9 months (range 8.1-17.0), the adjusted cumulative take-home baby rate was 62.1%. Rates varied significantly by female age, with higher success observed in younger women: 83.7% at 18-30 years, 53.3% at 36-40 years, and 24.4% over 40 years. A sensitivity analysis was performed to assess the impact of dropout assumptions on cumulative pregnancy rates. Nearly one-third of patients underwent surgery, most commonly hysteroscopy and/or laparoscopy.\n\nConclusion: In this cohort, NPT was associated with a notably high take-home baby rate in an infertile population with unfavorable prognostic factors, including advanced maternal age, prolonged duration of infertility, or previous failed attempts at conventional ART procedures.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in reproductive health"}},"pageStart":"1696679","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3389/frph.2025.1696679","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q140365800"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/frph.2025.1696679"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"41323405"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q140365800"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-endometriosis-and-pregnancy-complications-a-nationwide-retrospective-analysis-2000-2021-recmrpujxsebjfwhe/","name":"Association between endometriosis and pregnancy complications: A nationwide retrospective analysis (2000-2021)","headline":"Association between endometriosis and pregnancy complications: A nationwide retrospective analysis (2000-2021)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-endometriosis-and-pregnancy-complications-a-nationwide-retrospective-analysis-2000-2021-recmrpujxsebjfwhe/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hsu JZ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathryn A. Peterson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1793-6027","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"OhioHealth","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012e9j548"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ding DC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dabin Yeum","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9575-4849","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Matthew Peterson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4644-602X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2025-11-01","abstract":"Objective: Endometriosis is a chronic gynaecological condition affecting reproductive-aged women. It has been associated with infertility and potential risks for adverse pregnancy outcomes, although population-level evidence remains limited.\n\nMethods: This retrospective cohort study, including 147,950 pregnant women aged 20-45 years, used nationwide population-based data to compare the outcomes between women with (n = 11,400) and without (n = 136,550) endometriosis between 2000 and 2021. Baseline characteristics, comorbidities and pregnancy outcomes were compared between the groups. Multivariable regression analyses were performed to calculate adjusted relative risks (aRR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) for various pregnancy outcomes, and subgroup analyses were conducted by maternal age and infertility status.\n\nResults: Among 147,950 pregnancies, women with endometriosis [mean ± standard deviation (SD) age 32.38 ± 4.51 years] had higher socio-economic status, more comorbidities, and more surgical history compared with women without endometriosis (mean ± SD age 30.06 ± 4.96 years). Women with endometriosis had increased risk of miscarriage (aRR 1.13, 95 % CI 1.03-1.24), preterm birth (aRR 1.31, 95 % CI 1.26-1.37), premature rupture of membranes (aRR 1.11, 95 % CI 1.06-1.16), placenta previa (aRR 1.63, 95 % CI 1.45-1.84), urinary tract infection (aRR 1.44, 95 % CI 1.31-1.59), and caesarean section (aRR 1.13, 95 % CI 1.11-1.16). Subgroup analysis revealed that risk of miscarriage was only higher in women aged 35-45 years and women without infertility. Risks of preterm birth, placenta previa and caesarean section were elevated across all subgroups, suggesting that endometriosis contributes independently to adverse pregnancy outcomes.\n\nConclusions: Endometriosis is an independent risk factor for several pregnancy complications, supporting the need for tailored prenatal care and closer monitoring of affected women to improve maternal outcomes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"314","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology"}},"pageStart":"114704","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.07.058","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q129238190"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.07.058"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q129238190"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-fertility-sector-202425-recthw4mknjg2k8fa/","name":"The Fertility Sector 2024/25","headline":"The Fertility Sector 2024/25","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-fertility-sector-202425-recthw4mknjg2k8fa/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority"}],"datePublished":"2025-11-01","abstract":"# The fertility sector 2024/25\nAnnual publication on HFEA licensed clinics (1 April 2024 – 31 March 2025)\nPublished: November 2025\n[Download the underlying dataset as Excel Worksheet](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/media/cpzhqp1p/the-fertility-sector-2024-25-underlying-dataset.xlsx \"The fertility sector 2024/25 - underlying dataset\")\n## Table of contents\n- [1\\. How we regulate](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/the-fertility-sector-2024-2025/#how-we-regulate)\n- [2\\. Main points](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/the-fertility-sector-2024-2025/#main-points)\n- [3\\. How the HFEA inspects clinics](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/the-fertility-sector-2024-2025/#how-the-hfea-inspects-clinics)\n- [4\\. Inspections](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/the-fertility-sector-2024-2025/#inspections)\n- [5\\. Non-compliances identified at inspections](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/the-fertility-sector-2024-2025/#non-compliances-identified-at-inspections)\n- [6\\. Clinic licences](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/the-fertility-sector-2024-2025/#clinic-licences)\n- [7\\. Incidents](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/the-fertility-sector-2024-2025/#incidents)\n- [8\\. Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS)](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/the-fertility-sector-2024-2025/#ovarian-hyperstimulation-syndrome-ohss)\n- [9\\. Patient complaints](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/the-fertility-sector-2024-2025/#patient-complaints)\n- [10\\. Patient feedback](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/the-fertility-sector-2024-2025/#patient-feedback)\n- [11\\. About our data](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/the-fertility-sector-2024-2025/#about-our-data)\n## 1\\. How we regulate\nThe Human Fe...","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comprehensive-diagnostic-and-therapeutic-approach-to-male-factor-infertility-8decfdf8/","name":"Comprehensive diagnostic and therapeutic approach to male factor infertility aimed at natural fertility: A multicentric retrospective cohort study","headline":"Comprehensive diagnostic and therapeutic approach to male factor infertility aimed at natural fertility: A multicentric retrospective cohort study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comprehensive-diagnostic-and-therapeutic-approach-to-male-factor-infertility-8decfdf8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Giuseppe Grande","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3264-0937","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Unit of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrea Garolla","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4736-9051","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Padua","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00240q980"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrea Graziani","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3239-2374","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Padua","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00240q980"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Laura Astorri","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Agostino Gemelli University Polyclinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00rg70c39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marcela Caetano Cammarota","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9817-5698"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Annamaria Merola","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Agostino Gemelli University Polyclinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00rg70c39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria Cristina Polidori","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8881-904X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emanuela Lulli","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Clinical Centre “St. Joseph”  Lucrezia di Cartoceto (PU) Italy"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrico Busato","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6739-2326","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department Ca' Foncello Hospital  Treviso Italy"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Francesco Pesce","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2882-4226","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione Centro della Famiglia, Counseling Center, Treviso, Italy."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Giuseppina Pompa","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Agostino Gemelli University Polyclinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00rg70c39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alfredo Pontecorvi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0570-6865","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Endocrinology, Centre for Natural Reproductive Medicine \"ISI - Paul VI\", Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \"Agostino Gemelli\" Scientific Hospitalization and Treatment Institute (IRCC..."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Domenico Milardi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5373-9728","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Endocrinology, Centre for Natural Reproductive Medicine \"ISI - Paul VI\", Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \"Agostino Gemelli\" Scientific Hospitalization and Treatment Institute (IRCC..."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alberto Ferlin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5817-8141","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Padua","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00240q980"}}],"datePublished":"2025-11-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: In infertile couples whose male partner has alterations in semen parameters frequently, a comprehensive andrological approach is lacking and approximately 30-50% are classified as idiopathic infertility. These couples are often directly addressed to assisted reproduction techniques (ARTs). However, several clinical conditions may benefit from medical treatment. By acting on etiology and/or risk factors, this aims at improving seminal parameters and restoring natural fertility.\n\nOBJECTIVES: To verify the impact of a comprehensive andrological assessment on the management of infertility (in particular, in couples with isolated male factor infertility) using as the primary outcome the natural pregnancy rate.\n\nMATERIALS AND METHODS: A multicenter retrospective study was conducted between 2015 and 2022 in 1014 couples with primary infertility seeking natural conception (including 266 couples with previous ART failure). Each couple underwent a multidisciplinary evaluation. This involved: a gynecologist and an andrologist both with expertise in infertility, a psychologist when requested, and a fertility awareness practitioner according to a unique diagnostic and therapeutic multidisciplinary protocol.\n\nRESULTS: An isolated male factor was found in 23% of couples. In 45%, it was associated with female factors also. The comprehensive diagnostic approach reduced the proportion of idiopathic infertility to 8% of the couples. Targeted treatment, based on diagnostic categories, was associated with spontaneous pregnancy in 40.9% of the couples. In the 233 cases without female factors, normal semen parameters were observed only in 13% of patients. Male genital tract inflammation was observed in 48.8% of the patients, genital tract infection in 43.1%, and hypospermatogenesis in 16.7%. Patients with infections were treated with antibiotics and probiotics. If further inflammation was documented, this was followed by low-dose corticosteroids and antioxidants. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) treatment was used in patients with hypospermatogenesis, and varicocele repair surgery was performed in four patients.\n\nDISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: Our data underline the efficacy of a comprehensive approach to the diagnostic process of male factor infertility, both in reducing the percentage of idiopathic infertility and in restoring natural fertility based on a targeted treatment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Andrology"}}},"pageStart":"2122","pageEnd":"2130","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1111/andr.70006","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/andr.70006"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39930939"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mon-154-breast-areolar-diameter-in-healthy-menstruating-womena-single-cycle-cros-recibp9g0ovrzstxz/","name":"MON-154 Breast areolar diameter in healthy menstruating women—a single cycle cross-sectional study of associations with body size and ovulatory characteristics","headline":"MON-154 Breast areolar diameter in healthy menstruating women—a single cycle cross-sectional study of associations with body size and ovulatory characteristics","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mon-154-breast-areolar-diameter-in-healthy-menstruating-womena-single-cycle-cros-recibp9g0ovrzstxz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandra Baaske","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0641-412X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Constance Bos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2739-1227","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dharani Kalidasan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8098-3435","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sonia Shirin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7866-3419","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2025-10-22","abstract":"Disclosure: A.V. Baaske: None. S. Shirin: None. C. Bos: None. D. Kalidasan: None. J.C. Prior: None.\nBackground: Tanner Breast Stage 3 (TB3, at menarche) and Tanner 5 (TB5, once ovulatory cycles established), despite being similar with an “upstanding” nipple, are different. Evidence suggests that steady and high ovulatory-level progesterone exposure accounts for the larger areolar diameter in TB5. Progesterone levels indicate whether the menstrual cycle is ovulatory and have crucial implications for women’s reproductive, metabolic, cardiovascular, and bone health. However, few data show average areolar diameter in regularly cycling women in whom SES, body size, and reproductive variables have been documented.\n\nObjective: As a step towards better understanding the role of areolar diameter in reflecting estradiol-progesterone balance, this study aims to document the average mean bilateral lateral areolar diameter (AD) in a cohort of regularly menstruating, premenopausal women in whom ovulation was documented in one cycle. We also aim to describe relationships between AD and demographic, anthropometric, and reproductive/ovulation variables.\n\nMethods: Women were eligible if aged 19-35 years with about month-apart cycles and no exogenous hormone use in the last 3-months. Participants completed one cycle with a daily Menstrual Cycle Diary© (cycle length, CL) and first morning temperatures for Quantitative Basal Temperature© (QBT©) ovulation analysis (normal luteal phase length ≥10 days). Questionnaires gathered SES, ethnic, general health, and reproductive characteristics. Bilateral horizontal areolar diameters were measured by a woman researcher with the participant supine in a warm room.\n\nResults: From February 2020 to September 2022 (during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic), 73 women from Metro Vancouver, British Columbia participated. Women were of median (min-max) age 30 (19-35) years, BMI 24.5 (17.1-41.4) and most identified as White (61.6%) with a median of 16 years of education. Median CL was 29 days (n=65) and QBT data showed 39.3% were normally ovulatory, 34.4% had short luteal phases and 26.2% were anovulatory. Median within-woman bilateral AD was 3.85 (2.35-8.00) cm. Left AD exceeded right (L 3.8 [2.3,8.2]; R 3.7 [ 2.4,7.8]; P=.003). Larger AD (≥3.85cm) was associated with greater body size (BMI r=.534), weight and waist circumference. However, earlier age at menarche (P=.02) was also significantly associated. No other reproductive variables (cycle length, luteal phase length, parity, ever use of CHC) were related to AD before body size adjustments.\n\nConclusions: This study is the first to document, and describe demographic, anthropomorphic and reproductive associations with, AD in community dwelling, regularly cycling, premenopausal women. Future steps will determine the most influential of the anthropometric variables; adjustment for these will facilitate assessments of associations with ovulation related characteristics. Presentation: Monday, July 14, 2025","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"Supplement_1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of the Endocrine Society"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvaf149.1891","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jendso/bvaf149.1891"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sat-128-prospective-1-year-menstrual-cyclebreast-tenderness-and-swelling-experie-recasp9oh9xucp0ev/","name":"SAT-128 Prospective 1-year Menstrual CycleBreast Tenderness and Swelling Experiences—data from healthy regularly cycling women initially proven normally ovulatory on two consecutive cycles","headline":"SAT-128 Prospective 1-year Menstrual CycleBreast Tenderness and Swelling Experiences—data from healthy regularly cycling women initially proven normally ovulatory on two consecutive cycles","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sat-128-prospective-1-year-menstrual-cyclebreast-tenderness-and-swelling-experie-recasp9oh9xucp0ev/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Wood","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9542-2219","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Azita Goshtasebi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sonia Shirin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7866-3419","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2025-10-22","abstract":"Disclosure: M. Wood: None. J.C. Prior: None. S. Shirin: None. A. Goshtasebi: None. Breast tenderness and swelling are associated with premenstrual symptoms but have not been well described in healthy, normally cycling women with known ovulatory status. There are documented negative health risks (in bone, the cardiovascular system and cancers) in association with ovulatory disturbances within normal-length cycles. Identifying breast changes across a predictable, month-apart cycle but with Subclinical Ovulatory Disturbances (SOD, short luteal phase [<10 days] and anovulation (with normal estradiol but lower or absent progesterone levels) could advance our understanding of menstrual cycle physiology, women’s health education and identification of those with chronic SOD who may benefit from cyclic progesterone therapy. Our objective was to determine whether within-woman breast tenderness and swelling experiences differed between normally ovulatory and ovulatory-disturbed cycles. In this 1-year prospective observational study, we examined daily breast tenderness (0-4) and swelling (1-5 change from usual = 3) experiences recorded via the Menstrual Cycle Diary© over ≥8 cycles (mean=13/woman) in 53 women. Ovulatory status was documented by the twice-validated Quantitative Basal Temperature© (QBT©) analysis. Cycle and ovulatory data were previously reported (Prior NEJM, 1990); Diary data were unreported. Participants were healthy, community-dwelling women, mean age 34 (32.4:35.5 years), BMI 22.0, primarily White, and about two-thirds were runners (for health or were marathon-training). Comparison of breast parameters in all normally ovulatory (n = 495) vs all SOD cycles (n = 199) (mean cycle length 28.1 [27.5-28.8 days]), showed significantly higher Breast Tenderness Score [intensity X days; 6.0 (range 1.0, 14.0) vs. 3.0 (0.0, 11.0) (P = .001)] and increased breast size [4.0 (2.0, 4.0) vs. 4.0 (0.0, 4.0) (P = .034]) in normally ovulatory cycles. However, in within-woman analysis (n = 47 women with both normally ovulatory and SOD cycles), breast tenderness/swelling did not significantly differ by ovulatory status. We plotted all ovulatory cycles (n=676) centred on ovulation; this revealed parallel timing of increases in breast tenderness and swelling in the late luteal phase. These 1-year prospective data documented that mild breast tenderness and swelling occurred before flow in cycles with normal ovulation; symptoms were less in SOD cycles. Breast changes were totally absent during the follicular phases. Presentation: Saturday, July 12, 2025","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"Supplement_1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of the Endocrine Society"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvaf149.1978","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jendso/bvaf149.1978"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sun-109-feasibility-of-cyclic-progesterone-and-spironolactone-for-pcos-specific-health-related-quality-of-lifea-six-month-phase-ii-single-arm-single-center-open-label-study-rec9pbwfoe3oucgww/","name":"\"SUN-109 Feasibility of Cyclic Progesterone and Spironolactone for PCOS-specific Health-Related Quality of Life—a six-month, Phase II, single arm, single center, open-label study\"","headline":"\"SUN-109 Feasibility of Cyclic Progesterone and Spironolactone for PCOS-specific Health-Related Quality of Life—a six-month, Phase II, single arm, single center, open-label study\"","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sun-109-feasibility-of-cyclic-progesterone-and-spironolactone-for-pcos-specific-health-related-quality-of-lifea-six-month-phase-ii-single-arm-single-center-open-label-study-rec9pbwfoe3oucgww/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kaitlin Nelson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8989-4770","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joel Singer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5828-4961","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00frst980"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ann Pederson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5466-8060","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dharani Kalidasan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8098-3435","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2025-10-22","abstract":"Disclosure: K. Nelson: None. J. Singer: None. A. Pederson: None. D. Kalidasan: None. J. Prior: None.\nPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine-metabolic disorder that significantly decreases health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Combined hormonal contraceptives (CHC) are standard-of-care for PCOS but do not mitigate the neuroendocrine cause nor women’s primary concerns. Treatment options need expansion. We hypothesized cyclic oral micronized progesterone (CyclicP4) and spironolactone (Sp) would improve HRQoL, decrease LH, and acne. This Phase II, open-label single-arm pilot study evaluated the 6-month cyclicP4 and Sp treatment feasibility and safety in androgenic PCOS. Our primary outcome was within-woman change in PCOS-HRQoL (PCOSQ). No sample size calculation was possible; 40 was considered feasible. Eligible women were 19-40 years with physician-diagnosed androgenic PCOS. Exclusion criteria included HbA1c > 6.4%, use of metformin or CHC in the last month. Participants received progesterone (300 mg/bedtime 14 days/month); spironolactone (200 mg/day) began in cycle two. Adherence was tracked daily (Menstrual Cycle Diary©) and by pill counts. Safety was assessed by post-study potassium (K+). Feasibility by women’s post-trial treatment intention. PCOSQ, serum LH, calculated bioavailable testosterone (cBAT), HbA1c, hsCRP, and AMH were measured at baseline and trial end. We also assessed perceived acne and sleep changes (-5 to +5), K+ and therapy intent at study end. Six-month change by paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed-rank assessed P < .05 as important. Of 109 expressing interest, 41 enrolled, 36 began therapy (5 did not), and 26 provided final questionnaire data (19 with complete lab data). Completing women were mean age 29 (SD 4.9) years, BMI 30.3 (8.1), 61.5% White and 73.1% with university degrees. Total PCOSQ scores within-woman increased from 3.5±1.0 to 4.9±1.1 (95% CI 3.1-3.8, 4.6-5.3; P<.0000001). Each PCOSQ domain significantly improved (at least P<.001) as did acne and sleep. Weight was unchanged but waist circumference decreased 1.1 cm (NS). LH, cBAT, and AMH each decreased: LH 10.0±5.4 to 8.5±5.2 IU/L (95% CI 7.6-12.3, 6.3-10.8; P<.4), cBAT 0.7±0.4 to 0.6±0.3 nmol/L (0.5-0.9, 0.5-0.8; P<.2), and AMH 10.5±6.5 to 9.7±5.7 ng/ml (7.4-13.7, 7.0-12.4; P<.4). hsCRP remained unchanged (2.8±3.3 to 2.7±3.6 mg/L; P<.8) as did HbA1c (5.2±0.3 to 5.2±0.3%; P<.0). K+ remained within the normal range (3.5-5.0 mmol/L) at final testing (mean 4.0). Two allergic responses to spironolactone and one frequent flow/religious practice led to discontinuation. Feasibility was confirmed and participants strongly preferred continuing therapy (median Likert score=6/7, P<.0001) CyclicP4 and Sp for 6-months was feasible and significantly improved HRQoL in a non-medicine-seeking community women cohort with androgenic PCOS. Though the small sample size limited generalizability, findings are promising. A larger randomized trial comparing CyclicP4 vs. CHC is warranted.\nPresentation: Sunday, July 13, 2025","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"Supplement_1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of the Endocrine Society"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvaf149.2043","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jendso/bvaf149.2043"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/accuracy-of-an-overnight-axillary-temperature-sensor-for-ovulation-detection-val-recxoioeowqv6rtnw/","name":"Accuracy of an Overnight Axillary-Temperature Sensor for Ovulation Detection: Validation in 194 Cycles","headline":"Accuracy of an Overnight Axillary-Temperature Sensor for Ovulation Detection: Validation in 194 Cycles","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/accuracy-of-an-overnight-axillary-temperature-sensor-for-ovulation-detection-val-recxoioeowqv6rtnw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Thompson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5434-1626","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pediatrics, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, USA.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03wzyp716"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"René Ecochard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1695-789X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospices Civils de Lyon","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01502ca60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Benedicte Fromager","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1727-9912","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"CHU de Lyon, 69002 Lyon, France"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yaniv Shpaichler","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Teva Pharmaceuticals (Israel)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01wfv3m53"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael Vardi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Teva Pharmaceuticals (Israel)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01wfv3m53"}}],"datePublished":"2025-10-13","abstract":"Several studies have evaluated the reliability of using temperature sensors placed in different locations on the body to identify the day of ovulation. However, such demonstrations are lacking for axillary temperature wearable devices. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy with which an axillary temperature armband sensor (Tempdrop) identifies the day of ovulation and the fertile window, using the Clearblue Connected Ovulation Test System as the reference method. A total of 194 cycles were analyzed from 125 women that participated in the study between April 2023 and June 2024. The performance parameters were high: the sensitivity (96.8% (95% CI 95.6; 97.7)), specificity (99.1% (98.8; 99.4)), accuracy (98.6% (98.2; 98.9)), positive predictive value (96.8% (95.6; 97.7)) and negative predictive value (99.1% (98.8; 99.4)). Furthermore, the results revealed a remarkably clear and better-than-expected change in temperature around the time of ovulation. This axillary temperature wearable sensor is an effective alternative to urine ovulation tests for determining the timing of ovulation. Another advantage is that it provides a clear temperature curve that can be used to evaluate the quality of the luteal phase.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"25","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"20","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Sensors"}}},"pageStart":"6327","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s25206327","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/s25206327"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormone-changes-in-polycystic-ovarian-syndrome-identified-with-a-personal-quantitative-urine-monitor-a-pilot-study-recpoe7ci4jvgbeog/","name":"Hormone Changes in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Identified with a Personal Quantitative Urine Monitor: A Pilot Study","headline":"Hormone Changes in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Identified with a Personal Quantitative Urine Monitor: A Pilot Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormone-changes-in-polycystic-ovarian-syndrome-identified-with-a-personal-quantitative-urine-monitor-a-pilot-study-recpoe7ci4jvgbeog/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Paiva KCDA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Keira Paiva"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas P Bouchard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5774-0286","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Calgary","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas Jensen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3551-4848"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Schneider","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8090-4971","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}}],"datePublished":"2025-10-10","abstract":"Background/Objectives: Quantitative urine monitors are increasingly being used for a personalized approach to improve menstrual cycle knowledge and to manage fertility. Although several studies have evaluated urine fertility monitors in regular cycles, there is limited research in the use of quantitative monitors in reproductive disorders, such as polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).\n\nMethods: Urine hormone data was collected with the Mira monitor from 20 participants, 10 of whom had PCOS and a matched group who had regular cycles. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), estrone-3-glucuronide (E13G), and pregnanediol glucuronide (PDG) in PCOS menstrual cycles compared to regular cycles.\n\nResults: Women with PCOS had higher BMI than regular cycling women (p=0.02). PCOS cycles were longer (p<0.05), peak day was later in the menstrual cycle (p<0.001), and luteal length was shorter (p < 0.01) compared to regular cycles. In whole cycle comparisons, E13G was found to be lower in PCOS cycles (p<0.01) and PDG was found to be higher in PCOS cycles (p<0.05). E13G was also lower in the follicular phase of and late luteal phase of PCOS cycles (p<0.00001).\n\nConclusions: The results of this study demonstrate the feasibility of detecting hormonal differences in PCOS compared to regular cycles with at-home measurements with the Mira monitor. The metabolic dysregulation of PCOS is a possible factor in these hormone changes. Larger studies with different sub-types of PCOS will be needed to further clarify these changes and to understand the pathophysiology behind these hormonal changes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Preprints.org"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202510.0330.v1","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.20944/preprints202510.0330.v1"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-iodine-supplementation-on-oocyte-apoptosis-and-proliferation-in-wo-qo43ufwy/","name":"The effect of iodine supplementation on oocyte apoptosis and proliferation in women with diminished ovarian reserve: a pilot study","headline":"The effect of iodine supplementation on oocyte apoptosis and proliferation in women with diminished ovarian reserve: a pilot study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-iodine-supplementation-on-oocyte-apoptosis-and-proliferation-in-wo-qo43ufwy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Masoumi M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bagheri M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4188-6288"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hantoushzadeh S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jafarabadi M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7634-4801"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tarazjani MD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Haghollahi F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hedayati M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5816-775X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Naseri F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nazeri P","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1422-5142"}],"datePublished":"2025-10-03","abstract":"Iodine, an essential trace element, may play a role in reproductive health through its extrathyroidal actions. This study aimed to investigate the effects of iodine supplementation on oocyte apoptosis and proliferation in women with diminished ovarian reserve. A quasi-experimental study was conducted on ten women undergoing two cycles of ovarian stimulation. In the first cycle, they followed the standard protocol, while in the second, they received a daily 150 µg iodine supplement for two months. Urinary iodine levels, cumulus cell apoptosis and necrosis, and PCNA expression were evaluated before and after supplementation. We found that iodine supplementation significantly improved women's iodine status, increasing it from borderline sufficiency to optimal levels. This improvement was accompanied by a significant increase in the number of metaphase II oocytes. Following iodine supplementation, we observed a marked increase in cumulus cell viability and a reduction in both early and late apoptosis. Additionally, the expression of PCNA was upregulated, showing a positive association with the percentage of live cells and a reduction in total apoptosis. These findings suggest that iodine supplementation could be a promising therapeutic strategy for improving oocyte quality and enhancing fertility outcomes, particularly in women with diminished ovarian reserve.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Scientific reports"}}},"pageStart":"34501","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-16545-w","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/s41598-025-16545-w"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"41044113"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/unlocking-the-power-of-semen-analysis-in-primary-health-care-a-path-to-mens-heal-fvcts3t0/","name":"Unlocking the power of semen analysis in primary health care - a path to men's health and lifestyle transformation","headline":"Unlocking the power of semen analysis in primary health care - a path to men's health and lifestyle transformation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/unlocking-the-power-of-semen-analysis-in-primary-health-care-a-path-to-mens-heal-fvcts3t0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lyons HE","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5305-2654"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peel A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7498-8571"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gonzalez M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6567-938X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Deluao J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Olatunji O"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nikitaras V"},{"@type":"Person","name":"McPherson NO","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3492-9403"}],"datePublished":"2025-10-01","abstract":"Declining fertility, overlooked mental health, and reduced life expectancy underscore the urgent need for renewed attention to men's health. A semen analysis, traditionally used to assess fertility, holds untapped potential as a tool for promoting lifestyle changes and preventing chronic diseases in men. Spermatogenesis is highly sensitive to environmental and lifestyle factors and can be an early indicator of overall health. Disruptions in this process can signal underlying systemic issues and predict long-term health risks, including cardiovascular disease and metabolic disorders. An increasing number of men seek to engage in preconception care, as fertility is closely tied to a man's sense of masculinity, identity and aspirations for fatherhood. In this context, a semen analysis can be a powerful motivator to encourage healthy behaviours and proactive health management. By incorporating semen analysis into primary care, health care providers can leverage men's desire for fatherhood as an entry point to discuss broader health concerns, such as mental well-being, nutrition and physical activity. This approach would address immediate reproductive health, and also promote long-term wellness, helping to reduce the burden of chronic disease in men.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nature reviews. Urology"}}},"pageStart":"687","pageEnd":"702","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41585-025-01047-1","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/s41585-025-01047-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40481278"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/emotion-regulation-strategies-differentially-impact-memory-in-hormonal-contracep-ptnxa3tg/","name":"Emotion regulation strategies differentially impact memory in hormonal contraceptive users","headline":"Emotion regulation strategies differentially impact memory in hormonal contraceptive users","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/emotion-regulation-strategies-differentially-impact-memory-in-hormonal-contracep-ptnxa3tg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Brandao BM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mario Castro","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Kansas","sameAs":"https://ror.org/001tmjg57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Buergler JB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Clark KR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Denny BT"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leal SL"}],"datePublished":"2025-10-01","abstract":"Hormonal contraceptives (HCs) are widely used, yet their effects on emotional and cognitive processes remain poorly understood. This study examined how HC use may influence emotional reactivity, emotion regulation, and emotional memory. Female participants (N = 179), either using HCs (N = 87) or naturally cycling (NC; N = 92), were randomly assigned to one of three groups: no emotion regulation (control), distancing and immersion, or reinterpretation and immersion. The emotion regulation groups completed emotion regulation training in which they viewed emotional images while applying different emotion regulation strategies, followed by a surprise memory test. Overall, HC users showed greater emotional reactivity to emotional images compared to NC participants. Both HC and NC groups successfully applied emotion regulation strategies as measured by changes in emotional affect; however, distancing led to a greater reduction in negative emotions compared to reinterpretation, particularly among HC users. Both HC and NC groups showed better memory for positive images after applying immersion. For negative images, HC users showed reduced memory performance when applying either distancing or reinterpretation, an effect not observed in NC participants. These findings suggest that HC use may influence specific aspects of emotional processing and memory, highlighting the need for more nuanced research on the cognitive and emotional effects of hormonal contraceptives.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"175","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Hormones and Behavior"}},"pageStart":"105805","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yhbeh.2025.105805","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.yhbeh.2025.105805"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/haomin-wang-huamei-ju-shu-zhang-haojie-li-xia-chenimpacts-of-fetalinfant-and-ado-unekrlc1/","name":"Impacts of fetal/infant and adolescent exposure to famine on age at menopause in Chinese women","headline":"Impacts of fetal/infant and adolescent exposure to famine on age at menopause in Chinese women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/haomin-wang-huamei-ju-shu-zhang-haojie-li-xia-chenimpacts-of-fetalinfant-and-ado-unekrlc1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hongbo Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0162-5371","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Union Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/055gkcy74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ju H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Suqun Zhang","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010826a91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hatherley Li"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiaomin Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0178-6696","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"BGI Group (China)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045pn2j94"}}],"datePublished":"2025-10-01","abstract":"Background: Early-life nutritional deprivation may influence lifelong health, but its role in the broader process of reproductive aging remains underexplored. Guided by the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease framework, this study investigates the impacts of fetal/infant and adolescent exposure to famine on age at natural menopause, a key indicator of reproductive aging.\n\nMethods: The study sample comprised 4256 women from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Participants were categorized into fetal/infant (1959-1962 births) or adolescent (1942-1946 births) famine-exposed cohorts and non-exposed controls. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were used to assess associations between famine exposure and age at natural menopause or early menopause, adjusting for sociodemographic, economic, and behavioral covariates.\n\nResults: Famine exposure was associated with an earlier age at natural menopause: 1.16 years earlier for fetal/infant exposure (β = -0.12, p = 0.002), and 0.72 years earlier for adolescent exposure (β = -0.07, p = 0.014); it was also associated with increased odds of early menopause (odds ratio [OR] = 1.05, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.01-1.10). No significant association with premature menopause was observed.\n\nConclusion: Nutritional deprivation during critical developmental windows-particularly adolescence-has distinct, long-term effects on the trajectory of reproductive aging. These observational findings, which cannot establish causality, underscore the importance of early-life nutrition in shaping female reproductive health and are consistent with the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease framework in reproductive health.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"201","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Maturitas"}},"pageStart":"108697","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2025.108697","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.maturitas.2025.108697"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/energy-intake-and-appetite-in-laboratory-and-free-living-conditions-may-be-consistent-across-menstrual-cycle-phases-rec6bsckdzegrswp7/","name":"Energy intake and appetite in laboratory and free-living conditions may be consistent across menstrual cycle phases","headline":"Energy intake and appetite in laboratory and free-living conditions may be consistent across menstrual cycle phases","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/energy-intake-and-appetite-in-laboratory-and-free-living-conditions-may-be-consistent-across-menstrual-cycle-phases-rec6bsckdzegrswp7/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Maryam Aghayan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6768-0213","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan P. Little","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9796-2008","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tamara R Cohen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9773-9965","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hephzibah Bomide","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan Little","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9878-6977","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Southern Medical Program, Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention and Management, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada; Faculty of Health and Social Development, ..."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarah Purcell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6745-3771","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Miranda Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9372-1381","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Pathology, Southern Regional Area Health Education Center, Fayetteville, North Carolina, USA.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0036ate90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zoë Soon","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04241wz75"}}],"datePublished":"2025-09-25","abstract":"Background: Self-reported dietary intake varies across menstrual cycle phases, but objective assessments of dietary intake together with appetite and resting metabolic rate (RMR) are limited. This study aimed to assess differences in dietary intake, appetite, and RMR during two hormonally-distinct menstrual cycle phases in laboratory and free-living settings.\n\nMethods: Healthy premenopausal females with predictable normal-length menstrual cycles completed two study visits: one in the late-follicular and one in the mid-luteal phase. Menstrual cycle phases were assessed using urinary luteinizing hormone surge and prospective cycle days. Participants consumed a 2-day energyand macronutrient-balanced run-in diet prior to each visit. RMR was measured with indirect calorimetry, followed by appetite ratings before and after a standardized breakfast, and a food cravings questionnaire. Appetite was also tracked for 2.5 days post-visit in a free-living environment. Ad libitum energy and macronutrient intakes were measured using pre-weighed plus weighing of uneaten food at an in-laboratory lunch meal, as well as during the 2.5-day free-living period.\n\nResults: Eighteen participants were included (age: 21 ± 4 years; body mass index: 21.2 ± 1.5 kg/m2). There were no differences between in-laboratory ad libitum energy or macronutrient intakes, appetite, or food cravings between phases. RMR did not differ between phases, although the mid-luteal phase RMR tended to be higher (104 ± 218 kcal/day higher; P = 0.074). No main or interaction effects for phase or time were observed for free-living dietary intake nor appetite ratings.\n\nConclusions: Although RMR tended to be increased during the luteal phase, comprehensive appetite and energy intake assessments showed no significant cycle-phase differences in these 18 participants.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"216","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Appetite"}},"pageStart":"108314","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2025.108314","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108314"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"41005066"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/art-in-europe-2020-results-generated-from-european-registries-by-eshre-ehrdx7d7/","name":"ART in Europe, 2020: results generated from European registries by ESHRE","headline":"ART in Europe, 2020: results generated from European registries by ESHRE","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/art-in-europe-2020-results-generated-from-european-registries-by-eshre-ehrdx7d7/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Christian De Geyter","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0889-6310","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Basel","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02s6k3f65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carlos Calhaz-Jorge","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2941-113X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nuffield Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01w2zd907"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kupka MS","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6559-0580"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine Wyns","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6581-5003","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03s4khd80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Edgar Mocanu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3094-4892","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01hxy9878"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Motrenko T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Scaravelli G","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0720-9467"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Smeenk","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3053-0358","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00q6h8f30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vidakovic S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4789-0464"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Goossens V; European IVF-monitoring Consortium (EIM); European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE)"}],"datePublished":"2025-09-22","abstract":"**STUDY QUESTION:** What are the data and trends of ART and IUI cycle numbers and their outcomes, and of fertility preservation (FP) interventions, reported in 2020 as compared to previous years?\n\n**SUMMARY ANSWER:** This 24th ESHRE report highlights the number of ART treatment cycles and children born over the years, showing a decline in the total number of treatment cycles, when comparing 2020 with 2019, alongside a decline in twin deliveries owing to a decrease in transfers of multiple embryos; however, fresh IVF or ICSI cycles and frozen embryo transfers (FET) showed similar pregnancy rates, and the reported IUI cycle numbers decreased while maintaining stable outcomes.\n\n**WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY:** ART aggregated data generated by national registries, clinics, or professional societies have been gathered and analyzed by the European IVF Monitoring (EIM) consortium since 1997 and reported in a total of 23 manuscripts published in *Human Reproduction* and *Human Reproduction Open*.\n\n**STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION:** Data on medically assisted reproduction (MAR) from European countries are collected by EIM for ESHRE each year. The data on treatment cycles performed between January 1 and December 31, 2020, were provided by either national registries or registries based on initiatives of medical associations and scientific organizations or committed persons in the 44 countries that are members of the EIM Consortium.\n\n**PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS:** Overall, 1440 clinics offering ART services in 41 countries reported 923 318 treatment cycles (−14%; in 2019: 1 077 813), including 135 231 with IVF, 356 408 with ICSI, 305 373 with FET, 57 051 with preimplantation genetic testing (PGT), 64 007 with oocyte donation, and 4895 cycles using frozen oocytes. A total of 1288 institutions reported data on IUI cycles using either husband/partner's semen (IUI-H; n = 112 663) or donor semen (IUI-D; n = 38 839) in 30 and 21 countries, respectively. Sixteen countries reported 29 566 interventions in pre-and post-pubertal patients for FP, including oocyte, ovarian tissue, semen, and testicular tissue banking.\n\n**MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE:** In 24 countries (21 in 2019) in which all ART clinics reported to the registry, 356 427 treatment cycles were registered for a total population of approximately 268 million inhabitants in these countries, allowing the best estimate of a mean of 1330 cycles performed per million inhabitants (range: 142–3230). Among the reporting countries, for IVF, the clinical pregnancy rates (PR) per aspiration were similar to that in 2019 (22.1% versus 21.8% in 2019). For ICSI, the corresponding PRs showed similar trends (20.0% in 2020 versus 20.2% in 2019). When freeze-all cycles were excluded from the calculations, the clinical PRs per aspiration were 26.4% (28.5% in 2019) and 25.6% (26.2% in 2019) for IVF and ICSI, respectively. After oocyte donation, the PR per embryo transfer was 51.3% (50.5% in 2019) with freshly donated oocytes and 45.7% (44.8% in 2019) with thawed oocytes. After FET, the PR per thawing was 34.9% (versus 35.1% in 2019). In fresh cycles of both IVF and ICSI, the trend towards the transfer of fewer embryos continued with the transfer of 1, 2, 3, and ≥4 embryos in 57.2%, 37.8%, 4.8%, and 0.2%, of all treatments, respectively (corresponding to 55.4%, 39.9%, 2.6%, and 0.2% in 2019). This resulted in a reduced proportion of twin delivery rates (DRs) of 10.9% (11.9% in 2019) and a similar triplet DR of 0.2%. In FET cycles in 2020, the twin and triplet DRs were 7.9% and 0.1%, respectively (versus 8.9% and 0.1% in 2019). While the number of IUI cycles in 2020 decreased from 2019, the DRs remained stable at 8.8% after IUI-H (8.7% in 2019) and at 12.5% after IUI-D (12.1% in 2019). Twin and triplet DRs after IUI-H were 7.9% and 0.4% (in 2019: 8.7% and 0.4%) and 5.7% and 0.1% after IUI-D (in 2019: 6.2% and 0.2%), respectively. Data on FP were provided by 16 countries (18 in 2019), reporting a total of 29 566 interventions (24 139 in 2019). Cryopreservation of ejaculated sperm (n = 21 864 versus n = 11 592 in 2019) and cryopreservation of oocytes (n = 6077 versus n = 10 784 in 2019) were the most frequently reported forms of FP.\n\n**LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION:** Caution with the interpretation of results should remain as data collection systems and completeness of reporting vary among European countries.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deaf179","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/deaf179"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40985526"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/understanding-restorative-reproductive-medicine-recu1z1xulr6qtn2a/","name":"Understanding Restorative Reproductive Medicine","headline":"Understanding Restorative Reproductive Medicine","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/understanding-restorative-reproductive-medicine-recu1z1xulr6qtn2a/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Phil C Boyle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2555-6294","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NeoFertility Clinic, Suite 7, 1st Floor, Beacon Mall, Sandyford, Dublin 18, Ireland. Phil.Boyle@NeoFertility.ie."}}],"datePublished":"2025-09-18","abstract":"Recently, editorials have been published in reproductive medical journals that have misunderstood and misrepresented the origin and meaning of “restorative reproductive medicine” (RRM).1,2 This term was first used in 2000 when a group of physicians established the International Institute for Restorative Reproductive Medicine (IIRRM, iirrm.org ). I am a founding member and am currently president of the IIRRM.\nThe IIRRM was founded as a secular, not a faith-based organization. We adhere to time-honoured medical principles to understand and treat underlying factors responsible for infertility. We are always seeking to improve our diagnosis and treatment of those factors, the training of clinicians who offer RRM, and the quality of clinical practice of RRM. We believe that in the clinical realm, in vitro fertilization (IVF) is often offered quickly without sufficient efforts first made to help couples conceive naturally.\nIVF was originally developed to treat patients with bilateral tubal occlusion who could not conceive through sexual intercourse. Most patients who undergo IVF today do not have blocked fallopian tubes. Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) was developed for patients with severe male factor infertility. Most patients who undergo ICSI today do not have severe male factor infertility. Remarkably, the most recent Cochrane review of IVF indicates ongoing uncertainty about whether IVF improves the live birth rate compared to expectant management for previously untreated couples with “unexplained” subfertility.3\nI am an active RRM clinician since 1998 and I have treated thousands of couples. When patients present for fertility treatment, I do not ask them what religion, political view, or philosophy they support, because that is irrelevant to people who want a solution for their infertility. If they have a condition that is better treated by IVF, I tell them that at the first appointment. If natural conception is possible with RRM, I explain what is involved and outline the treatment process which can take up to 12 cycles (most often less) to reach a healthy ongoing pregnancy, or a full course of treatment.\nRRM honours patient autonomy. We do not seek to prohibit patient access to IVF. Patients seek us out. RRM expands their choices and options. Many of my patients were previously seen in fertility clinics that offer IVF. Patients repeatedly tell me they did not receive the same depth of investigation or non-IVF treatment in the IVF clinics. I recently received these comments from patients, “RRM empowered us in our fertility journey. It provided a personalised approach. We are so grateful.” And “even if we didn’t conceive, we’d never regret trying RRM as my health improved immeasurably…”\nThe World Health Organization states that “Infertility is a disease of the male or female reproductive system defined by the failure to achieve a pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse”.4 As RRM physicians, we respectfully suggest a slight but essential alteration: “Infertility is a medical condition defined by failure to achieve a pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular sexual intercourse without contraception, which is caused by one or more underlying diseases and conditions involving the male or female reproductive system.” This definition indicates that infertility is not a singular condition to be treated solely by treatments to generate a pregnancy and birth. Rather, it is “a canary in the coal mine” for human health, indicating the need to identify and address underlying health concerns. 5,6\nAs RRM physicians and clinicians we have training and backgrounds that allow us to treat infertility patients with a focus on treatments and approaches that restore and optimize natural function. The specialty of reproductive endocrinology and infertility has extensive training with a particular focus on IVF and treatments to improve the success of IVF. But we can and should be in agreement to offer patients evidence-based information and treatments that meet the needs and preferences of patients.\nFurther research is needed and is currently ongoing on patient-relevant questions, such as: How does an RRM evaluation differ in process and results from a fertility evaluation before initiating IVF? How do the outcomes of RRM and IVF compare on multiple levels including live birth rates, premature delivery, patient satisfaction, health improvement, and repeat successful births?7\nFor the sake of our patients with infertility, let us strive to be objective about the scientific facts, and meet all patients with respect. Surely as we challenge and learn from one another and strive for excellence, the patients will be the ultimate beneficiaries.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Restorative Reproductive Medicine"}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.63264/f0b0xh81","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.63264/f0b0xh81"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/restorative-reproductive-medicine-rrm-outcomes-compared-to-in-vitro-fertilization-rec4qqhafqb8stlnd/","name":"Restorative reproductive medicine (RRM) outcomes compared to in-vitro fertilization (IVF) for the treatment of infertility:  a retrospective evaluation of a 2019 clinic cohort compared to one cycle of IVF","headline":"Restorative reproductive medicine (RRM) outcomes compared to in-vitro fertilization (IVF) for the treatment of infertility:  a retrospective evaluation of a 2019 clinic cohort compared to one cycle of IVF","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/restorative-reproductive-medicine-rrm-outcomes-compared-to-in-vitro-fertilization-rec4qqhafqb8stlnd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Phil C Boyle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2555-6294","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NeoFertility Clinic, Suite 7, 1st Floor, Beacon Mall, Sandyford, Dublin 18, Ireland. Phil.Boyle@NeoFertility.ie."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Agnes Toth","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NeoFertility Clinic, Dublin, Ireland"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Monica Minjeur","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6183-8258","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Radiant Clinic, Cedar Rapids, IA, USA"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Craig Turczynski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7658-9470","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Diagnostics, Dallas, TX, USA; Duquesne University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"}}],"datePublished":"2025-09-16","abstract":"Objectives: Restorative reproductive medicine (RRM) is an emerging approach that can be used to treat infertility. Our goal was to compare RRM to IVF outcomes in 2019.\nDesign: We conducted a retrospective clinic-based analysis and referenced it against publicly available data from IVF registries, as published by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) or the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology (SART) in the USA, and the Human Fertilization and Embryology Authority (HFEA), in the UK. Data from 2019 was collected from routine medical records following treatment at one clinic in Dublin, Ireland during 2019. We defined the demographics, diagnoses, and treatments and then calculated the crude percentages of conception, live birth, multiple pregnancy, prematurity, and low birth weight. These results were benchmarked against data reported in IVF databases.\n\nResults: 249 couples had at least one RRM consultation, 187 committed to the RRM treatment program and met the inclusion criteria. The average female age for all included patients was 36.4 years and couples were trying to conceive for a mean of 32.2 months. Of the 187 patients/couples who underwent treatment, 28% had a previous live birth, 30% had a previous miscarriage, and 42% had never conceived;19% (35/187) had previously had IVF, 2.3 + 1.6 IVF cycles per couple. Of the 187 couples, 52% (98/187) conceived, 41% (77/187) had a documented live birth. There were 75 singletons and 2 sets of twins, producing 79 babies. Time to conception for live birth patients averaged 12 + 8 months. The average birth weight was 3422g (7lb 9oz) and average weeks’ gestation at delivery was 39 + 1.5 weeks. 4.0% (3/75) of singleton babies were premature (33-37 weeks) and none were very premature (< 32 weeks). 5.3% (4/75) of singleton babies had low birth weight (< 2,500g). When we compared births across age groups, the RRM percentages with live birth were comparable to those in a single cycle of IVF with multiple subsequent embryo transfers, and greater than a single cycle of IVF with a single embryo transfer. Furthermore, RRM babies had fewer multiple pregnancies, and singleton RRM pregnancies had less than half as many premature deliveries compared to IVF, (6.5% RRM all pregnancies or 4.0% RRM, singleton pregnancies vs 14.4% SART, all pregnancies or 11.8% CDC, singleton pregnancies). 74% (26/35) of couples who remained in contact with us and tried for another pregnancy had a repeat successful live birth.\n\nConclusions: In our clinic, a comprehensive RRM assessment and treatment followed by up to 12 optimal cycles of timed intercourse resulted in a 41% live birth rate (crude rate). We propose that using RRM may improve a couple’s chance of having a healthy pregnancy and reduce the demand for IVF. Furthermore, RRM reduces the risk of multiple pregnancy, low birth weight and premature delivery compared to IVF. The majority of couples who sought a second live birth were successful.\nLimitations and Future directions: This is a retrospective analysis with a small number of RRM patients, compared to large IVF databases of patients using one cycle of IVF, including all transfers made from the IVF retrieval. While useful for benchmarking, conclusions are limited by sample size, and the lack of relevant prognostic data (other than female age) for the IVF patients. Larger prospective studies with full prognostic data are needed to make a proper comparison of RRM and IVF outcomes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Restorative Reproductive Medicine"}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.63264/gejytw70","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.63264/gejytw70"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ambient-air-pollution-during-developmental-windows-of-spermatogenesis-and-semen-quality-among-an-infertility-treatment-seeking-population-reczu29ujmn5knk7p/","name":"Ambient air pollution during developmental windows of spermatogenesis and semen quality among an infertility treatment seeking population","headline":"Ambient air pollution during developmental windows of spermatogenesis and semen quality among an infertility treatment seeking population","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ambient-air-pollution-during-developmental-windows-of-spermatogenesis-and-semen-quality-among-an-infertility-treatment-seeking-population-reczu29ujmn5knk7p/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J Richard Pilsner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4541-6267","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wayne State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01070mq45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T. Canty","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0618-056X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Maryland, College Park","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047s2c258"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neil J Perkins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6802-4733","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pauline Mendola","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5330-2844","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University at Buffalo, State University of New York","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"May Shaaban","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5784-8705","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rachael B. Hemmert","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake, UT, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Akanksha Singh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8375-7049","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Maryland, College Park","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047s2c258"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Matthew Peterson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4644-602X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carrie J Nobles","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2182-8486","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Office of Extramural Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05aq6yn88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kaniz Rabeya","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0176-3480","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0072zz521"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Allison M Ring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4139-9014","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047s2c258"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindsey M Russo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7639-8655","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of General Internal Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 420 East 70th Street, New York, NY 10021, USA.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2025-09-15","abstract":"Prior studies have observed impacts of air pollution on semen quality, but timing of exposure during developmental windows of spermatogenesis and impacts of low-to-moderate air pollution is less well understood. We examined the relation between air pollution and semen quality in the Folic Acid and Zinc Supplementation Trial (2013-2018), which enrolled male partners of couples seeking infertility treatment in the Salt Lake City, Utah region (n = 2015). Semen quality parameters were assessed at baseline, 2-, 4-, and 6-months follow-up. Measures of daily air pollutants at each participant's residence were abstracted from Community Multiscale Air Quality models (fine particulate matter: PM2.5, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and ozone: O3), linked to participants' residential addresses, and averaged across the 74-day spermatogenesis window prior to the sample collection date for each study visit, and across four developmental windows of spermatogenesis (mitosis, meiosis I-II, spermiogenesis, and spermiation). Generalized linear mixed models considered four repeated semen sample measures per participant and adjusted for co-pollutants, age, season, and income. In multi-pollutant models, O3 during early-to-mid spermatogenesis (meiosis I+II and spermiogenesis) was related to lower percent normal morphology (% difference -6.73, 95 % CI -9.82, -3.54 and % difference -3.83, 95 % CI -7.51, 0.00, respectively). Additionally, PM2.5 and O3 during late spermatogenesis (spermiation) were associated with lower count and concentration, and PM2.5 with lower progressive motility. These findings suggest that exposure to low-to-moderate levels of air pollution may negatively impact semen quality and indicate that exposure to O3 during meiosis and spermiogenesis may particularly affect normal sperm morphological development.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"303","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Ecotoxicology and environmental safety"}},"pageStart":"118955","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118955","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118955"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40886599"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assessing-the-impact-of-real-world-environmental-factors-on-low-cost-pm25-monito-recevenafypkelr4y/","name":"Assessing the impact of real-world environmental factors on low-cost PM2.5 monitor performance by comparing calibration before and after deployment","headline":"Assessing the impact of real-world environmental factors on low-cost PM2.5 monitor performance by comparing calibration before and after deployment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assessing-the-impact-of-real-world-environmental-factors-on-low-cost-pm25-monito-recevenafypkelr4y/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Runcheng Fang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9423-251X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Utah Department of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/034de1n65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yue Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4745-8038","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Scott C. Collingwood","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1249-0145","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Darrah K. Sleeth","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8519-9092","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christina A Porucznik","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1973-2917","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2025-09-15","abstract":"Understanding and mitigating health risks from poor indoor air quality, particularly fine particulate matter (PM2.5), is critical, yet conventional monitoring methods are costly and require skilled operators. Low-cost sensors (LCS) offer an accessible alternative; however, their accuracy under varying environmental conditions remains uncertain. This study evaluates how humidity, temperature, deployment duration, and concentration levels affect the calibration accuracy of low-cost PM2.5 monitors. Nineteen Plantower PMS 3003 sensors deployed in 11 Salt Lake County homes participating in the Green & Healthy Homes Initiative were calibrated before and after residential deployment using a TSI DustTrak aerosol monitor. Linear and Lasso regression analyses were performed to evaluate the influence of environmental factors on calibration parameters. Significant variability was observed in environmental conditions. Higher humidity (p = 0.0197) and longer deployment durations (p = 0.0178) significantly altered calibration slopes, while mean PM2.5 exposure (p = 0.0040) was strongly associated with intercept adjustments. These findings emphasize the need to account for environmental factors in calibration models to improve LCS accuracy and reliability. Environmental conditions significantly impact the performance of low-cost PM2.5 sensors. Modeling these impacts can streamline the calibration process, making it more efficient and cost-effective. Future research should focus on refining calibration models and exploring additional environmental factors to optimize LCS performance.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"995","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Science of the total environment"}},"pageStart":"180106","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180106","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180106"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40700906"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/child-opportunity-index-at-birth-and-asthma-with-recurrent-exacerbations-in-the--recnyhrcaraeetkgt/","name":"Child Opportunity Index at birth and asthma with recurrent exacerbations in the US ECHO program","headline":"Child Opportunity Index at birth and asthma with recurrent exacerbations in the US ECHO program","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/child-opportunity-index-at-birth-and-asthma-with-recurrent-exacerbations-in-the--recnyhrcaraeetkgt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Miller RL, Schuh H, Chandran A, Habre R, Angal J, Aris IM, Aschner JL, Bendixsen CG, Blossom J, Bosquet-Enlow M, Breton CV, Camargo CA, Carroll KN, Commodore S, Croen LA, Dabelea DM, Deoni SCL, Ferrara A, Fry RC, Ganiban JM, Geiger SD, Gern JE, Gilliland FD, Gogcu S, Gold DR, Hare ME, Harte RN, Hartert TV, Hertz-Picciotto I, Hipwell AE, Jackson DJ, Karagas MK, Khurana Hershey GK, Kim H, Litonjua AA, Marsit CJ, McEvoy CT, Mendonça EA, Moore PE, Nguyen AP, Nkoy FL, O'Connor TG, Oken E, Ownby DR, Perzanowski M, Rivera-Spoljaric K, Sathyanarayana S, Singh AM, Stanford JB, Stroustrup A, Towe-Goodman N, Wang VA, Woodruff TJ, Wright RO, Wright RJ, Zanobetti A, Zoratti EM, Johnson CC, ECHO Cohort Consortium"}],"datePublished":"2025-09-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"156","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology"}}},"pageStart":"627","pageEnd":"639","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2025.02.036","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jaci.2025.02.036"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40089117"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-in-australia-and-new-zealand-2023-ymotfmjg/","name":"Assisted Reproductive Technology in Australia and New Zealand 2023","headline":"Assisted Reproductive Technology in Australia and New Zealand 2023","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-in-australia-and-new-zealand-2023-ymotfmjg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kotevski DP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Newman JE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chaitarvornkit A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paul RC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chambers GM"}],"datePublished":"2025-09-01","abstract":"ANZARD annual report on assisted reproductive technology activity, outcomes, and safety across Australia and New Zealand for 2023. Covers fresh-cycle and FET cycle counts, single-embryo transfer rates, clinical pregnancy and live birth rates, ART-conceived births, multiple pregnancy rates, and patient demographics. Published by the National Perinatal Epidemiology and Statistics Unit (NPESU) at UNSW Sydney with data submitted from all RTAC-accredited ART units in Australia and New Zealand.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"National Perinatal Epidemiology and Statistics Unit, UNSW Sydney"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-awareness-in-97414-women-trying-to-conceive-gaps-misconceptions-and-im-recwobicwttgxxhu0/","name":"Fertility awareness in 97,414 women trying to conceive: gaps, misconceptions, and  implications for reproductive education","headline":"Fertility awareness in 97,414 women trying to conceive: gaps, misconceptions, and  implications for reproductive education","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-awareness-in-97414-women-trying-to-conceive-gaps-misconceptions-and-im-recwobicwttgxxhu0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Zoya Enakshi Ali","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2659-0585","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Health and Social Care","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03sbpja79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Helen C. O’Neill","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9506-284X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University College London","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zoya Ali","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5204-2361","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Research and Development, Hertility Health Limited, London, UK."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Natalie Getreu","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Health and Social Care","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03sbpja79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lucinda Lawrie","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Health and Social Care","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03sbpja79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Helen C O'Neill","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Research and Development, Hertility Health Limited, London, UK. helen.o@hertilityhealth.com."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Esther Wainwright","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Health and Social Care","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03sbpja79"}}],"datePublished":"2025-08-26","abstract":"Background: Fertility rates in the UK are at an all-time low, with infertility affecting approximately 1 in 7 couples. Despite the rising demand for fertility services, fertility awareness, specifically knowledge of ovulation and the fertile window, remains low among women of reproductive age. Most existing studies offer a broad perspective, lacking focus on women actively trying to conceive (TTC). This study aims to assess the level of understanding surrounding the fertile window among women TTC, identifying factors associated with knowledge gaps.\n\nMethods: A retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of 97,414 women actively TTC who answered an online health assessment was conducted. Participants provided information on menstrual cycle characteristics, previous pregnancies, and fertility knowledge, including the timing of the fertile window. Frequencies, percentages were calculated and chi-squared tests performed to assess differences in categorical data. Logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) to better understand factors significantly associated with not knowing the fertile window.\n\nResults: Out of the total respondents (97,414), over a third (33,756, 41%) could not accurately identify the fertile window, with substantial misconceptions observed across all age groups and ethnicities. Women with previous pregnancies were more likely to correctly identify the fertile window (OR = 1.45, 97.5% CI: 1.20-1.75, p < 0.001). However, knowledge was significantly lower among those with irregular cycles, non-White ethnicities, younger age groups and longer time TTC. Additionally, misconceptions about cycle regularity were apparent, of 60,322 women describing their cycles as regular 10% did not know their cycle length (66,95) and a further 2.9% fell outside of the clinically regular 21-35 day range. These misconceptions followed a similar trend with younger age groups, non-white ethnicities and longer time TTC having significantly increased rates of misidentifying regular cycles. This further increased the odds of not knowing their fertile window (OR = 2.99, 97.5% CI: 2.83-3.17, p < 0.001).\n\nConclusions: The findings reveal gaps in fertility awareness among women actively TTC. Addressing these knowledge gaps through targeted educational interventions could potentially reduce time-to-pregnancy and the reliance on assisted reproductive technologies. Improved fertility education focusing on cycle tracking and ovulation timing is essential to assist women with accurate information during their TTC journey.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproductive Health"}}},"pageStart":"152","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-025-02079-x","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s12978-025-02079-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40846945"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hot-flashes-night-sweats-progesterone-can-help-reduce-symptoms-of-menopause-recdplswwmefp1nrt/","name":"Hot flashes? Night sweats? Progesterone can help reduce symptoms of menopause","headline":"Hot flashes? Night sweats? Progesterone can help reduce symptoms of menopause","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hot-flashes-night-sweats-progesterone-can-help-reduce-symptoms-of-menopause-recdplswwmefp1nrt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2025-08-25","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.64628/aam.msyxasmxm","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.64628/aam.msyxasmxm"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-boston-ivf-handbook-of-infertility-recfoltgjlq4ltqcy/","name":"The Boston IVF Handbook of Infertility","headline":"The Boston IVF Handbook of Infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-boston-ivf-handbook-of-infertility-recfoltgjlq4ltqcy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael M. Alper"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Denny Sakkas"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Denis A. Vaughan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7802-0103"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alan S. Penzias","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7160-494X"}],"datePublished":"2025-08-21","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003460275","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1201/9781003460275"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/human-ovulatory-phaseincreasing-odors-cause-positive-emotions-and-stresssuppress-gjxmrpuy/","name":"Human ovulatory phase-increasing odors cause positive emotions and stress-suppressive effects in males","headline":"Human ovulatory phase-increasing odors cause positive emotions and stress-suppressive effects in males","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/human-ovulatory-phaseincreasing-odors-cause-positive-emotions-and-stresssuppress-gjxmrpuy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ohgi N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shirasu M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ogura Y"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hirasawa Y"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Okamoto M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kawamura R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Takikawa H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Touhara K"}],"datePublished":"2025-08-15","abstract":"In many animals, olfactory cues are key for recognizing their sex, kinship, and reproductive status. In humans, it has been proposed that males find female body odors attractive during the ovulatory phase, coinciding with peak fertility. However, the molecular and physiological foundations of this attractiveness remain unclear. In this study, we combined sensory evaluation with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for chemical analysis and identified volatile compounds that fluctuate across menstrual cycle phases. We identified three ovulatory phase-increasing compounds that mitigate the basal unpleasant axillary odor, resulting in the ovulatory-phase body odor being perceived as the most pleasant by males. Additionally, these compounds alleviated hostility and stress induced by the basal axillary odor, leading to relaxation in males and an enhanced positive impression of female facial images. Our results suggest that several ovulatory phase-increasing compounds may contribute to the positive effects of ovulatory female odor on males, as proposed in previous research.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"28","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"iScience"}}},"pageStart":"113087","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2025.113087","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.113087"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40948555"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/beyond-the-gut-decoding-the-gutimmunebrain-axis-in-health-and-disease-rec20b63dl0eoywan/","name":"Beyond the gut: decoding the gut–immune–brain axis in health and disease","headline":"Beyond the gut: decoding the gut–immune–brain axis in health and disease","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/beyond-the-gut-decoding-the-gutimmunebrain-axis-in-health-and-disease-rec20b63dl0eoywan/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Leechung Chang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4497-4571","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yonsei University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kwon H","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3500-2834","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Im S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5249-1177"},{"@type":"Person","name":"John Chulhoon Park","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8438-8185","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pohang University of Science and Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04xysgw12"}}],"datePublished":"2025-08-14","abstract":"Emerging research underscores the pivotal role of the gut–immune–brain axis, a dynamic bidirectional communication system involving intricate interactions between the gut microbiota, immune responses, and the central nervous system. Gut microbes and their metabolites have profound effects on immune and neurological homeostasis, influencing the development and function of multiple physiological systems. Disruption of the composition of the gut microbiota and barrier integrity has been implicated in various neurological and psychiatric disorders, including autism spectrum disorder, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, depression, and anxiety. Most insights into these host–microbiota interactions come from preclinical models, revealing both the complexity and potential therapeutic opportunities of the gut–brain communication pathways. This review synthesizes the current understanding of these intricate interactions, exploring how microbiota-driven modulation of the gut and brain barriers, immune signaling, and neuronal pathways, such as those through the vagus nerve, contributes to health and disease. We further explore therapeutic implications, including personalized precision microbiota interventions, microbiome-derived biomarkers, and barrier-strengthening strategies. Advancing this field offers transformative potential for developing innovative, personalized therapies tailored to individual microbiomes and immune profiles, ultimately redefining clinical approaches to neurological and immune-mediated diseases.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cellular & Molecular Immunology"}}},"pageStart":"1287","pageEnd":"1312","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41423-025-01333-3","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/s41423-025-01333-3"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluation-of-the-evidence-on-acetaminophen-use-and-neurodevelopmental-disorders-lfsb8wav/","name":"Evaluation of the evidence on acetaminophen use and neurodevelopmental disorders using the Navigation Guide methodology","headline":"Evaluation of the evidence on acetaminophen use and neurodevelopmental disorders using the Navigation Guide methodology","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluation-of-the-evidence-on-acetaminophen-use-and-neurodevelopmental-disorders-lfsb8wav/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Prada D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ritz B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bauer AZ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Baccarelli AA"}],"datePublished":"2025-08-14","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Acetaminophen is the most commonly used over-the-counter pain and fever medication taken during pregnancy, with > 50% of pregnant women using acetaminophen worldwide. Numerous well-designed studies have indicated that pregnant mothers exposed to acetaminophen have children diagnosed with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), including autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), at higher rates than children of pregnant mothers who were not exposed to acetaminophen.\n\nMETHODS: We applied the Navigation Guide methodology to the scientific literature to comprehensively and objectively examine the association between prenatal acetaminophen exposure and NDDs and related symptomology in offspring. We conducted a systematic PubMed search through February 25, 2025, using predefined inclusion criteria and rated studies based on risk of bias and strength of evidence. Due to substantial heterogeneity, we opted for a qualitative synthesis, consistent with the Navigation Guide's focus on environmental health evidence.\n\nRESULTS: We identified 46 studies for inclusion in our analysis. Of these, 27 studies reported positive associations (significant links to NDDs), 9 showed null associations (no significant link), and 4 indicated negative associations (protective effects). Higher-quality studies were more likely to show positive associations. Overall, the majority of the studies reported positive associations of prenatal acetaminophen use with ADHD, ASD, or NDDs in offspring, with risk-of-bias and strength-of-evidence ratings informing the overall synthesis.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Our analyses using the Navigation Guide thus support evidence consistent with an association between acetaminophen exposure during pregnancy and increased incidence of NDDs. Appropriate and immediate steps should be taken to advise pregnant women to limit acetaminophen consumption to protect their offspring's neurodevelopment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environmental health : a global access science source"}}},"pageStart":"56","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-025-01208-0","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s12940-025-01208-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40804730"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/feeling-of-self-worth-in-healthy-premenopausal-women-relationships-with-menstrua-rectgt7bksqyheudw/","name":"Feeling of self-worth in healthy premenopausal women-relationships with menstrual cycles and ovulation over 1-year in the prospective ovulation cohort","headline":"Feeling of self-worth in healthy premenopausal women-relationships with menstrual cycles and ovulation over 1-year in the prospective ovulation cohort","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/feeling-of-self-worth-in-healthy-premenopausal-women-relationships-with-menstrua-rectgt7bksqyheudw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sonia Shirin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7866-3419","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dharani Kalidasan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8098-3435","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nahid Shirazian","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2025-08-12","abstract":"Self-Worth is an over-arching evaluation of a person's sense of individual value. Self-worth, however, is an underappreciated concept. It has rarely been reported related to physiological data; we found no studies related to the menstrual cycle or ovulation. It is also unclear if Self-Worth is a stable trait or a variable state. We sought to discover if \"Feeling of Self-Worth\" (as recorded daily) was related to cycle phases and ovulation of spontaneous menstrual cycles (without hormonal contraception) in healthy premenopausal women over one-year in data from the Prospective Ovulation Cohort. Participating women were invited to complete the Menstrual Cycle Diary© (Diary©) daily; it describes cycle-related and other comprehensive everyday life experiences including negative moods as well as changes from each person's usual Feelings of Self-Worth. Women recorded their Feeling of Self-Worth on a 5-level ordinal scale as a letter translated to a number originally centered on their usual feeling (U = 3) with two higher and two lower (letters) levels. The validated Quantitative Basal Temperature© (QBT©) method was used to assess ovulation and luteal lengths. Fifty-three healthy, community dwelling, normal-weight, non-smoking premenopausal women mean age 33.9 (95% CI 32.4, 35.5) years old were studied. All participants were first required to document two consecutive normal-length (21-36 days) and normally ovulatory (luteal length ≥10 days) cycles before enrolment. Each participant completed the Diary© and QBT© records daily over a mean of 13 cycles (minimum = 8). During the study, cycle lengths were mean 28.04 (95% CI 27.80, 28.28) days with 71% of all cycles being normally ovulatory, 26% having short luteal phases (SLP, LL < 10 days) and 2.6% being anovulatory. Results in all women and all cycles showed that the mean annual Feeling of Self-Worth was 3.01 (95% CI 2.94, 3.09), thus very tightly related to their usual Feeling of Self-Worth. There were only small, inconsistent differences between Feeling of Self-Worth in the follicular versus luteal phases comparing normally ovulatory versus all ovulatory cycles (including those with short luteal phases). Analysis of Self-Worth within the 46 women having both normally ovulatory and ovulatory disturbed cycles (short luteal and anovulatory) showed that it was slightly lower in these women's normally ovulatory cycles (P = .03). Principal Components Analysis of all Diary© data showed that Feeling of Self-Worth was positively related to Interest in Sex and Feeling of Energy (together explaining 9% of all variance). In addition, Feeling of Self-Worth had a significant, negative loading on the Negative Mood Factor (that explained 14.2% of total variance). These data suggest that Feelings of Self-Worth in this comprehensive menstrual cycle and ovulation dataset in healthy women were not related menstrual phases and ovarian hormone levels.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"20","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"PloS one"}}},"pageStart":"e0327539","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0327539","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1371/journal.pone.0327539"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40794779"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancies-intentions-and-fertility-behaviors-during-use-of-the-creighton-model-fertilitycare-system-after-initial-intention-to-avoid-pregnancy-results-from-the-creighton-model-effectiveness-intentions-behaviors-rec7di5renfhqd6ch/","name":"Pregnancies, intentions, and fertility behaviors during use of the Creighton Model FertilityCare System after initial intention to avoid pregnancy: Results from the Creighton Model effectiveness, intentions, behaviors assessment study","headline":"Pregnancies, intentions, and fertility behaviors during use of the Creighton Model FertilityCare System after initial intention to avoid pregnancy: Results from the Creighton Model effectiveness, intentions, behaviors assessment study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancies-intentions-and-fertility-behaviors-during-use-of-the-creighton-model-fertilitycare-system-after-initial-intention-to-avoid-pregnancy-results-from-the-creighton-model-effectiveness-intentions-behaviors-rec7di5renfhqd6ch/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Shahpar Najmabadi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4763-4310","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chun-Pin Esther Chang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0878-997X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Office of Cooperative Reproductive Health, Division of Public Health, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, United..."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathy M. Rivet","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Elliot Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03jachw67"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Daniel Opoku Agyemang","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chun-Pin Chang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0061-3478","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, and Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christina A Porucznik","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1973-2917","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2025-07-29","abstract":"Background: Knowledge of the fertile and infertile phases of the menstrual cycle can be applied to conceive or to avoid pregnancy. Fertility intentions and sexual behaviors during the fertile time may influence whether and when pregnancy occurs. The Creighton Model FertilityCare System (CrMS) is a specific system of fertility appreciation used to conceive or to avoid pregnancy. The objective of this paper is to report intentions, behaviors, and pregnancy rates during use of the CrMS among couples who initially intended to avoid pregnancy.Data and methodsWe analyzed a prospective cohort study conducted in 17 CrMS centers across the USA and Canada, following 296 couples for up to one year after onset of initial use of the CrMS to avoid pregnancy. Baseline data included demographics, motivations, and pregnancy intentions for each partner. Couples contributed 2894 menstrual cycles, most of which had data collected (by questionnaires and daily diary) on cycle-specific pregnancy intentions, days of potential fertility, and fertility behaviors. Pregnancies were prospectively actively ascertained.\n\nResults: We found a high concordance (91%) in cycle pregnancy intentions between partners. However, 44% of cycles with strong intentions to avoid pregnancy included intercourse on potentially fertile days or days of undetermined fertility status. Across all sensitivity scenarios, cumulative 13-cycle pregnancy rates with cycle intention to conceive ranged from 88.0% to 89.8%, and cumulative 13-cycle pregnancy rates with cycle intention to avoid ranged from 29.1% to 35.3%. In multivariate analysis, baseline motivations and intentions for pregnancy within 2 years were strongly correlated with the likelihood of pregnancy, more so than cycle intentions.\n\nConclusion: The findings suggest that in some populations using natural family planning, baseline motivations and intentions may be more strongly related to pregnancy rates than cycle intentions. Our findings also highlight essential elements for evaluating correct use, including complete recording of intercourse and its timing.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"20","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"PloS one"}}},"pageStart":"e0328806","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0328806","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q140374729"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1371/journal.pone.0328806"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40729325"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q140374729"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-role-of-mri-in-diagnosis-and-pre-surgical-mapping-of-endometriosis-recaribe2s18esll7/","name":"The Role of MRI in Diagnosis and Pre-Surgical Mapping of Endometriosis","headline":"The Role of MRI in Diagnosis and Pre-Surgical Mapping of Endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-role-of-mri-in-diagnosis-and-pre-surgical-mapping-of-endometriosis-recaribe2s18esll7/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Peter Movilla","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3488-2892","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Newton Wellesley Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03hrxmf69"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Soumyadeep Ghosh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3502-5913","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Avinash Kambadakone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6714-9190","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephanie Morris","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3559-5951","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Newton Wellesley Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03hrxmf69"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mukesh G Harisinghani","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0993-1947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert N Goldstone","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Newton Wellesley Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03hrxmf69"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stella Joyce","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7707-0646","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aoife Kilcoyne","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anuradha S Shenoy-Bhangle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8957-6548","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}}],"datePublished":"2025-07-28","abstract":"Endometriosis is a chronic multisystem disease caused by the presence of endometrium-like tissue outside the endometrial canal, inciting inflammation and fibrosis. Transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) and MRI have replaced diagnostic laparoscopy as the noninvasive imaging modalities of choice for diagnosis and pre-surgical planning. Advanced disease in the pelvis can distort/obliterate anatomic planes and obscure the extent of pelvic organ involvement at laparoscopy. Unlike laparoscopy, MRI is not limited by anatomic distortion and provides accurate multi-compartment assessment of deep pelvic endometriosis involving the uterus and its ligaments, adnexa, bowel, distal ureters, urinary bladder, and pelvic nerves. Additionally, MRI can help detect extra-pelvic organ involvement in the same study. Use of a dedicated MRI protocol and structured reporting template improves multidisciplinary communication and provides a pre-surgical road map; helps patient counseling as well as assessing the need for additional intraoperative organ-specific expertise such as colorectal surgery or urology. Knowledge of MRI and laparoscopic correlation enhances recognition of the key MRI findings to include in the report for optimizing surgical outcomes. This article focuses on the role of MRI in the diagnosis and pre-surgical mapping of pelvic endometriosis, with correlation to laparoscopic findings. Evidence level: 1. Technical efficacy: 5.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"63","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI"}}},"pageStart":"39","pageEnd":"59","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmri.70039","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/jmri.70039"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40720193"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-systematic-review-on-the-role-of-paternal-factors-in-human-placental-developme-n5zstqar/","name":"A systematic review on the role of paternal factors in human placental development, function, and pregnancy-related disorders","headline":"A systematic review on the role of paternal factors in human placental development, function, and pregnancy-related disorders","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-systematic-review-on-the-role-of-paternal-factors-in-human-placental-developme-n5zstqar/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"John Johnson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cincinnati VA Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045r80n66"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sanjeev Nair","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Government Medical College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016je1253"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Singh D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Balasinor NH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nishi K"}],"datePublished":"2025-07-23","abstract":"Background: The human placenta plays an important role in pregnancy and offspring health. The paternal genome contributes significantly to placental growth and development. While the maternal factors affecting gestational health are thoroughly investigated, the paternal factors are often overlooked. Thus, it is important to understand various paternal factors affecting placental development and function.\n\nObjective: To assess the effect of various paternal factors on placental development, function, and pregnancy-related disorders.\n\nMaterials and methods: This review was registered in PROSPERO (Registration number CRD420250634649). Literatures across databases like JSTOR, Scopus, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and PubMed were screened through a set of criteria. Forty-eight studies were selected that included low-to-moderate risk paternal factors like age, smoking, race/ethnicity/location, genetic, epigenetic factors, exposure to chemicals, seminal plasma, and lifestyle factors.\n\nResults: Increased paternal age was reported to contribute towards higher risks of preeclampsia, spontaneous abortions, preterm birth, stillbirth, and higher placental and fetal birth weight. Paternal smoking, on the other hand, was found to be an associated risk factor for placental abruption and stillbirth. Exposure to various chemicals was found to be associated with changes in sperm epigenome and placental dysfunction.\n\nDiscussion and conclusions: Paternal health, lifestyle, and exposure to chemicals may affect placental development and pregnancy. Paternal factors may alter seminal plasma proteome, cytokine profile, and abnormal sperm DNA methylation of imprinted genes which is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Pre-conceptional health assessment of prospective fathers might be helpful in ensuring optimal placental development in pregnancies to follow, in addition to newborn health.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"42","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics"}}},"pageStart":"3183","pageEnd":"3216","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-025-03594-3","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s10815-025-03594-3"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-state-of-the-science-of-natural-family-planning-a-report-from-nfp-scientists-meeting-held-in-orlando-fl-september-4-2024-recwhapne8kkmg4x3/","name":"The State of the Science of Natural Family Planning: A Report from NFP Scientists' Meeting Held in Orlando, FL, September 4, 2024","headline":"The State of the Science of Natural Family Planning: A Report from NFP Scientists' Meeting Held in Orlando, FL, September 4, 2024","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-state-of-the-science-of-natural-family-planning-a-report-from-nfp-scientists-meeting-held-in-orlando-fl-september-4-2024-recwhapne8kkmg4x3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael D Manhart","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1727-1846","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"RTI International","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052tfza37"}}],"datePublished":"2025-07-08","abstract":"A one-day meeting was held as a pre-conference to the Catholic Medical Association Annual Educational event in 2024. A panel of eighteen physicians, scientists, and researchers involved in NFP work was convened to review the available evidence in four topical areas: (i) evidence for effectiveness of NFP methods to postpone and achieve pregnancy, (ii) evidence for effectiveness in the postpartum and perimenopause transition periods, (iii) evaluate the current state of technology in NFP (specifically app and quantitative hormone monitoring), and (iv) evidence examining the impact of NFP on marital relations. In each topical area, the panel worked to reach a consensus opinion on the currently available evidence and identified priorities for further research. Results from these discussions and a set of priorities for further work are presented here.\nSummary: An expert panel was convened to review the current evidence supporting use of NFP in various settings, utilization of new technology, and the impact of NFP on marital dynamics. Results from these discussions and a set of priorities for further work are presented here.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"},"pageStart":"00243639251347842","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00243639251347842","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/00243639251347842"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40641837"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-presence-of-microplastics-in-human-semen-and-their-associations-with-semen-q-r0smihyv/","name":"The Presence of Microplastics in Human Semen and Their Associations with Semen Quality","headline":"The Presence of Microplastics in Human Semen and Their Associations with Semen Quality","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-presence-of-microplastics-in-human-semen-and-their-associations-with-semen-q-r0smihyv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ying Guo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2629-4145","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wadsworth Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/050kf9c55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rong M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yubo Fan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Peking Union Medical College Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04jztag35"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Teng X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lei Jin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9793-6926","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tongji Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04xy45965"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ying Zhao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3189-8389","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}}],"datePublished":"2025-07-03","abstract":"Microplastics (MPs) are becoming one of the most serious environmental threats worldwide. They have been shown to induce male reproductive toxicity in animal studies. However, evidence of their adverse effects on male reproductive health in human is still lacking. In this study, we evaluated the presence of MPs in human semen and explored their associations with semen quality. A total of 45 semen samples from men attending a fertility center were collected. MPs in the semen samples were analyzed by laser direct infrared (LD-IR) spectroscopy. MPs were found in 34 out of 45 semen samples, with an average abundance of 17.0 (42.0) particles/g. The size of MPs ranged from 20.3 μm to 189.7 μm and the majority (57.8%) were smaller than 50 μm. A total of 15 distinct MPs polymers were identified, and polyethylene (PET) accounted for 35.9% of the total amount of MPs, followed by butadiene rubber (BR, 26.4%) and chlorinated polyethylene (CPE, 12.2%). Analysis of the association of MP exposure with semen quality showed that participants exposed to PET MPs experienced a reduction in sperm progressive motility (20.6% ± 12.8% vs. 34.9% ± 15.9%, p = 0.056). However, no significant association was found between MP exposure and sperm concentration or total sperm count. Our findings confirmed the presence of MPs in human semen and suggested that MP exposure might have adverse impacts on male reproductive health. However, further large-scale studies are needed to confirm these findings.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Toxics"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics13070566","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/toxics13070566"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40711011"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/combined-hysteroscopic-and-laparoscopic-management-of-an-isthmocele-about-a-case-recxpckprmghtespq/","name":"Combined hysteroscopic and laparoscopic management of an isthmocele: about a case report","headline":"Combined hysteroscopic and laparoscopic management of an isthmocele: about a case report","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/combined-hysteroscopic-and-laparoscopic-management-of-an-isthmocele-about-a-case-recxpckprmghtespq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Aziz Slaoui","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0750-5584","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mohammed V University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00r8w8f84"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Harmouchi OE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aziz Baidada","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mohammed V University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00r8w8f84"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amani Ghazalah","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mohammed V University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00r8w8f84"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Othmane E.L. Harmouchi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mohammed V University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00r8w8f84"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Meryem Lamrani","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mohammed V University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00r8w8f84"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Soukaina Mouiman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mohammed V University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00r8w8f84"}}],"datePublished":"2025-07-01","abstract":"This case underscores the effectiveness of a combined laparoscopic and hysteroscopic approach in managing isthmocele, achieving symptom resolution and uterine integrity restoration. Individualized management and long-term follow-up are essential for optimizing outcomes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"132","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Surgery Case Reports"}},"pageStart":"111436","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijscr.2025.111436","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ijscr.2025.111436"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-strength-training-on-quality-of-life-in-pregnant-women-a-systematic-r-recc72tgxnbr4ohev/","name":"Effects of strength training on quality of life in pregnant women: A systematic review","headline":"Effects of strength training on quality of life in pregnant women: A systematic review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-strength-training-on-quality-of-life-in-pregnant-women-a-systematic-r-recc72tgxnbr4ohev/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"P. Blanco-Giménez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2656-6307","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Valencia Catholic University Saint Vincent Martyr","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03d7a9c68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susana López‐Ortiz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3397-2644","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad Europea Miguel de Cervantes","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02p350r61"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Celia García‐Chico","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6106-999X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad Europea Miguel de Cervantes","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02p350r61"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Juan Vicente‐Mampel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6334-639X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Valencia Catholic University Saint Vincent Martyr","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03d7a9c68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sergio Maroto‐Izquierdo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6696-5636","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad Europea Miguel de Cervantes","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02p350r61"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paula Blanco‐Giménez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8318-4532","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Physiotherapy, Medicine and Health Science School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science Catholic University of Valencia  Valencia Spain"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paula Redondo‐Delgado","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2367-2219","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad Europea Miguel de Cervantes","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02p350r61"}}],"datePublished":"2025-07-01","abstract":"Introduction: Physical activity is known to improve physical and psychological outcomes in pregnant women. While aerobic exercise is typically emphasized in physical activity guidelines for pregnant women, emerging research suggests that strength training may offer unique benefits beyond those provided by aerobic exercise alone. This systematic review aimed to systematically explore the effects and characteristics of strength training interventions on the health‐related quality of life of pregnant women, with the goal of informing more comprehensive and specific exercise guidelines.\n\nMaterial and Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, and EBSCO Host databases without time restrictions, following PRISMA guidelines (Prospero Id: CRD42024511477). Nine randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria, involving a total of 1581 participants.\n\nResults: The studies reviewed demonstrated that strength training during pregnancy can mitigate excessive weight gain, alleviate low back and sciatic pain, enhance mood, and improve various aspects of health‐related quality of life. These aspects include physical activity levels, muscular strength, flexibility, sleep quality, energy expenditure, and psychological well‐being.\n\nConclusions: Despite these promising findings, this review highlights the need for standardized methodologies and detailed reporting in future research. Incorporating strength training into general exercise recommendations for pregnant women has the potential to optimize maternal health outcomes such as muscle strength, weight gain, physical activity levels, low back pain, pelvic pain, fatigue, anxiety, energy levels, vitality, sleep duration, and health status.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"104","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica"}}},"pageStart":"1231","pageEnd":"1243","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aogs.15122","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/aogs.15122"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/bisphenol-compounds-in-female-underwear-manufactured-in-china-and-their-potentia-evbwws1k/","name":"Bisphenol compounds in female underwear manufactured in China and their potential risks to women's health","headline":"Bisphenol compounds in female underwear manufactured in China and their potential risks to women's health","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/bisphenol-compounds-in-female-underwear-manufactured-in-china-and-their-potentia-evbwws1k/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Shu Wang"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lang H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cheng J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jing Ma","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0155-414X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jing Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4921-9674","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Utah Valley University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02rxpxc98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tang Z"}],"datePublished":"2025-07-01","abstract":"Currently, there is limited information regarding the presence of chemicals in female underwear and the potential risks involved. This study investigated the levels of ten bisphenols in brassieres and briefs made in China, revealing total concentrations ranging from 13.9 to 52,967 ng/g. Bisphenol S (BPS), bisphenol F (BPF), and bisphenol A (BPA) made up a median of 53.2 %, 24.4 %, and 22.2 % of the total concentrations, respectively. The concentrations of bisphenols were significantly higher in darker samples compared to most other colors. When compared to previous reports on other textiles, this study found similar levels of BPA but higher concentrations of BPF and BPS. Furthermore, the median migration rates of BPF (39.1 %) and BPS (25.2 %) in artificial sweat were significantly greater than that of BPA (6.58 %), leading to higher exposure levels for BPF and BPS. The estimated non-carcinogenic risks associated with the three primary bisphenols in the underwear were deemed acceptable. However, the estimated exposure to BPS and BPF from this source represented about 2.53-12.0 % and 11.8-38.2 % of total human exposure, respectively, suggesting that the contamination of these chemicals in underwear is a concern that should not be overlooked.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"491","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials"}},"pageStart":"137934","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137934","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137934"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reduced-risk-of-cesarean-delivery-with-oxytocin-discontinuation-in-active-labor--jutopfyr/","name":"Reduced risk of cesarean delivery with oxytocin discontinuation in active labor: a systematic review and meta-analysis","headline":"Reduced risk of cesarean delivery with oxytocin discontinuation in active labor: a systematic review and meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reduced-risk-of-cesarean-delivery-with-oxytocin-discontinuation-in-active-labor--jutopfyr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Whitley J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Burd J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Doering M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kelly J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Frolova A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Raghuraman N"}],"datePublished":"2025-07-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to determine if oxytocin discontinuation in the active phase of labor impacts the rate of cesarean delivery compared to continuation of oxytocin.\n\nDATA SOURCES: This study was a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. A research librarian performed a database search using a combination of standardized terms and keywords related to oxytocin discontinuation and stages of labor from database inception until February 2024. This protocol was registered in The International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO).\n\nSTUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Randomized controlled trials of pregnant patients who received oxytocin for induction or augmentation of labor, whose outcomes compared discontinuation and continuation of oxytocin in active labor, were included. We defined \"active phase of labor\" as defined by each trial. Nonrandomized trials, quasi-randomized trials, and animal models were excluded. The primary outcome was the rate of cesarean delivery. Secondary maternal outcomes included postpartum hemorrhage, total blood loss, and infectious outcomes. Secondary neonatal outcomes included Apgar score at 5 minutes <7, umbilical arterial pH <7.10, neonatal therapeutic hypothermia, neonatal intensive care unit admission, neonatal resuscitation at birth, and neonatal death.\n\nSTUDY APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS METHODS: The risk of bias in each study was assessed using the guidelines outlined in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Heterogeneity was measured using Higgins I2. Meta-analysis was performed in Review Manager 5.4.1 and StataSE 16 to determine summary treatment effects in terms of relative risk or mean difference with 95% confidence intervals. The adherence of each included trial to the trustworthiness criteria outlined by the OBGYN Editors' Integrity Group was assessed, and a leave-1-out analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of studies with concerns regarding trustworthiness.\n\nRESULTS: Fifteen randomized controlled trials, including 5734 patients, were ultimately included in the meta-analysis. The rate of cesarean delivery, reported in 13 studies, was lower with discontinuation of oxytocin in the active phase of labor (relative risk=0.80; 95% confidence interval, 0.66-0.97; 95% prediction interval, 0.38-1.22). Discontinuation of oxytocin was also associated with a lower risk of uterine tachysystole (relative risk=0.45; 95% confidence interval, 0.34-0.60; I2, 26%), and nonreassuring fetal heart rate tracing (relative risk=0.64; 95% confidence interval, 0.49-0.82; I2, 41%). Discontinuation of oxytocin increased the duration of active labor by an average of 30 minutes and second stage of labor by an average of 6 minutes.\n\nCONCLUSION: Although associated with an extension of labor by half an hour, discontinuation of oxytocin in the active phase of labor was associated with a 20% decreased risk of cesarean delivery and a lower risk of uterine tachysystole and nonreassuring fetal heart rate tracing. While the pooled analysis suggests a beneficial effect, this finding is dependent on the inclusion of studies with concerns regarding trustworthiness.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"233","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American journal of obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"25-39.e11","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2025.03.015","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ajog.2025.03.015"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40113155"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/revitalizing-reproductive-health-innovations-and-future-frontiers-in-restorative-reccddj5kun7yn1ir/","name":"Revitalizing reproductive health: innovations and future frontiers in restorative medicine","headline":"Revitalizing reproductive health: innovations and future frontiers in restorative medicine","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/revitalizing-reproductive-health-innovations-and-future-frontiers-in-restorative-reccddj5kun7yn1ir/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Maurizio Guido","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3812-7771","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of L'Aquila","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01j9p1r26"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonio Palagiano","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6239-3044","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"CSA, Naples, Italy."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria Elisabetta Coccia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5294-129X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carlo Bulletti","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8190-9387","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yale University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03v76x132"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Francesco Maria Bulletti","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Orthopédique de la Suisse Romande","sameAs":"https://ror.org/022vd9g66"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Evaldo Giacomucci","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016zn0y21"}}],"datePublished":"2025-06-21","abstract":"Background: Infertility affects around 17.5% of reproductive-aged individuals worldwide, posing significant personal and public health challenges. Although Medically Assisted Reproduction and Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART; e.g., in vitro fertilization) have advanced outcomes, many couples fail to conceive due to unaddressed pelvic, uterine, or systemic factors.\n\nObjectives: We aim to (1) define the current usage of Restorative Reproduction Medicine (RRM) in clinical practice, (2) compare RRM outcomes with conventional ART, and (3) propose an integrated model of RRM plus ART for optimal fertility care.\nDesign: A systematic review following PRISMA guidelines was conducted (INPLASY registration no. INPLASY2024110069). Data sources and\n\nmethods: We searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science (January 1995–October 2024), combining terms such as “restorative reproductive medicine,” “intrauterine adhesions,” “myomas,” “polyps,” “hydrosalpinx,” “endometritis,” “BMI,” “thyroid dysfunction,” “microbiome,” and “assisted reproductive technology.” Inclusion criteria: studies on uterine/systemic factors affecting infertility, focusing on surgical/pharmacological RRM interventions and ART limitations. Exclusion criteria: male-only infertility, case reports, narrative reviews, non-English publications. Quality assessment employed the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. We also briefly noted potential publication bias due to language and study-type restrictions.\n\nResults: From >25,000 initial titles, 3 sequential screenings yielded 145 key articles addressing uterine (septum, myomas, polyps, adhesions) and systemic (body mass index (BMI) extremes, thyroid dysfunction, microbiome imbalance) factors. Surgical corrections (e.g., hysteroscopic removal of polyps/myomas, salpingectomy for hydrosalpinx) significantly improved natural conception and ART success (⩾20%–40% increase in clinical pregnancy). Chronic endometritis treatment, endometrial microbiome modulation, and BMI/thyroid optimization further improved pregnancy rates by 15%–20%. Comparisons of RRM versus ART alone indicated that RRM often lowers overall cost and may reduce miscarriage, while ART offers immediate embryo transfer. Combining RRM to correct pathologies prior to ART can boost implantation and live birth rates (⩾40%–70% improvement in some studies).\n\nConclusion: Restorative Reproductive Medicine comprehensively addresses pelvic and systemic abnormalities, thereby enhancing fertility outcomes and complementing ART. A proposed integrated model—RRM diagnostics/interventions followed by ART if needed—maximizes success, reduces time/cost, and emphasizes holistic reproductive health. Further multicenter trials are warranted to standardize protocols and fully realize RRM’s potential in modern fertility care.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Therapeutic advances in reproductive health"}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1177/26334941251345844","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/26334941251345844"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40546415"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/rates-of-successful-conceptions-according-to-covid-19-vaccination-status-data-fr-recnc2gsyazaeu0me/","name":"Rates of successful conceptions according to COVID-19 vaccination status: Data  from the Czech Republic","headline":"Rates of successful conceptions according to COVID-19 vaccination status: Data  from the Czech Republic","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/rates-of-successful-conceptions-according-to-covid-19-vaccination-status-data-fr-recnc2gsyazaeu0me/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Tomáš Fürst","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9426-4183","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Palacký University Olomouc","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04qxnmv42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Gilthorpe","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6884-4774","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Umeå University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05kb8h459"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peter Riis Hansen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9056-535X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035b05819"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vibeke Manniche","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Quality of Life Research Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03hvygv29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Max Schmeling","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8414-1542","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Innometric","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036vjnj69"}}],"datePublished":"2025-06-19","abstract":"Background: Adverse effects of COVID-19 vaccination on human menstrual cycle characteristics have been observed, but limited data are available on the relationship between COVID-19 vaccination status and birth rates.\n\nObjectives: Therefore, we used nationwide data from the Czech Republic to examine rates of successful conceptions (SCs), that is, conceptions leading to live births 9 months later, for women who were either vaccinated or unvaccinated against COVID-19 before SC.\n\nMethods: Summary monthly COVID-19 vaccination and birth data for women in the Czech Republic aged 18-39 years were retrieved for the period from January 2021 to December 2023. The numbers of SCs per month per 1000 women were calculated for preconception-vaccinated or unvaccinated women, respectively, as well as the number of SCs per month per 1000 women for all women aged 18-39 years.\n\nResults: During the study period, there were approximately 1,300,000 women aged 18-39 years in the Czech Republic, and the proportion of COVID-19-vaccinated women increased from January 2021 until reaching a steady state of around 70% by the end of 2021. At least from June 2021, SCs per 1000 women were considerably lower for women who were vaccinated, compared to those that were unvaccinated, before SC. Furthermore, SC rates for the vaccinated group were much lower than expected based on their proportion of the total population.\n\nConclusions: In the Czech Republic, SC rates were substantially lower for women vaccinated against COVID-19 before SC than for those who were not vaccinated. These hypothesis-generating and preliminary results call for further studies of the potential influence of COVID-19 vaccination on human fecundability and fertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"36","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The International Journal of Risk & Safety in Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"302","pageEnd":"306","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09246479251353384","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/09246479251353384"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40534497"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/successful-aging-beyond-90-in-the-us-a-retrospective-cohort-study-leveraging-ele-recxzlscpufq23ps8/","name":"Successful Aging Beyond 90 in the US: A Retrospective Cohort Study Leveraging Electronic Health Records and a Computable Phenotype","headline":"Successful Aging Beyond 90 in the US: A Retrospective Cohort Study Leveraging Electronic Health Records and a Computable Phenotype","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/successful-aging-beyond-90-in-the-us-a-retrospective-cohort-study-leveraging-ele-recxzlscpufq23ps8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shaffer JG, Jazwinski SM, Carton TW, Anton S, Batsis JA, Bensken WP, Bian J, Boyce RD, Busby-Whitehead J, Carnahan R, Chatterjee R, Chodosh J, Chuang C, Cottrell EK, Danesh V, Fisher AL, Gallo J, Garrett K, Giovannetti T, Jefferson AL, Lacritz L, Luo S, Qi L, Rundek T, Sano M, Schliep K, Smith G, Weiner M, Whitson HE, Wu Y, Maraganore D"}],"datePublished":"2025-06-13","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"SSRN Electronic Journal"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5289057","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2139/ssrn.5289057"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/human-health-risks-from-textile-chemicals-a-critical-review-of-recent-evidence-2-rectx72yboqshwjbk/","name":"Human health risks from textile chemicals: a critical review of recent evidence  (2019-2025)","headline":"Human health risks from textile chemicals: a critical review of recent evidence  (2019-2025)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/human-health-risks-from-textile-chemicals-a-critical-review-of-recent-evidence-2-rectx72yboqshwjbk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"José L Domingo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9470","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitat Rovira i Virgili","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g5sqv46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Martí Nadal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1974-6836","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitat Rovira i Virgili","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g5sqv46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joaquim Rovira","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0212-9353","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitat Rovira i Virgili","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g5sqv46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marília Cristina Oliveira Souza","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2947-992X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade de São Paulo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036rp1748"}}],"datePublished":"2025-06-08","abstract":"Global textile production, driven by consumer demand, raises significant concerns about exposure to chemicals in clothing and related products. This review synthesizes evidence (2019-2025) on hazardous substances in textiles, including dyes, plasticizers, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), and metals, and identifies and categorizes their associated human health risks. Emerging evidence highlights microfibers as critical vectors for chemical exposure via inhalation and dermal routes, necessitating updated risk assessments. Focusing on dermal absorption as the primary exposure route, risks to vulnerable populations (e.g., infants, pregnant women) and gaps in regulatory frameworks are highlighted. The current analysis reveals that chronic exposure to chemical mixtures in textiles remains poorly understood, with current safety assessments often neglecting synergistic effects. Key findings include elevated risks from phthalates in infant clothing, PFAS in water-repellent fabrics, and carcinogenic aromatic amines (AAs) from azo dyes. We underscore the urgency of harmonized global regulations, advanced biomonitoring, and sustainable alternatives (e.g., enzymatic dyes, biodegradable finishes). Public awareness initiatives and stricter enforcement of certifications like OEKO-TEX(®) or GOTS are critical to mitigating risks. Interdisciplinary collaboration among textile technologists, toxicologists, and public health experts is essential to develop safer textile alternatives and integrate health-centric approaches into sustainability agendas, safeguarding consumers, workers, and ecosystems.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part A, Toxic/hazardous Substances &  Environmental Engineering"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10934529.2025.2514406","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/10934529.2025.2514406"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40482050"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/knowledge-of-obgyn-residents-of-fertility-awareness-based-methods-of-family-planning-rec7sxbw2bwp5foyd/","name":"Knowledge of OBGYN Residents of Fertility Awareness Based Methods of Family Planning","headline":"Knowledge of OBGYN Residents of Fertility Awareness Based Methods of Family Planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/knowledge-of-obgyn-residents-of-fertility-awareness-based-methods-of-family-planning-rec7sxbw2bwp5foyd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Emily Damba-Cunningham","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sisters of Charity Hospital, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"William Nolan"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ashley Borland","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Creighton University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05wf30g94"}}],"datePublished":"2025-06-04","abstract":"Background: Fertility awareness-based methods (FABM) of family planning have increased in popularity in recent years. The effectiveness of various methods can vary substantially and can be user dependent. For various reasons, there is a bias in OBGYN physicians against the use of FABMs for family planning. However, once educated about the methods of FABMs, this bias improves. There is limited regarding the education dedicated to FABM use in residency. We hypothesized that the residency education obtained regarding FABMs would be insufficient in preparing resident OBGYNs in effectively counseling patients regarding FABMs.\n\nMethods: a 16-question survey was created via SurveyMonkey and was sent to all ACGME accredited OBGYN residency programs for distribution to current residents. The survey was administered from October 2023 to December 2023.\n\nResults: 125 responses were collected. Less than 40% of residents received formal training in regards to FABMs. Respondents indicated they felt most comfortable describing the calendar method to patients (68% respondents agree or strongly agree when queried if they could describe the method). 79.5% of respondents could not describe mucus-only, hormone monitoring, or sympto-thermal methods of family planning. When questioned if they were prepared to counsel postpartum patients who refused contraception regarding FABM, 58% of respondents indicated they could not assist their patients.\n\nConclusions: Despite increased use in recent years and multiple options for FABM use, resident education in the application and use of FABMs is lacking. Additionally, residents indicated they are most familiar with the least effective methods (calendar method) which would likely be a significant detriment to their patients.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Restorative Reproductive Medicine"}},"pageStart":"1","pageEnd":"6","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.63264/vn859v14","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.63264/vn859v14"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/modeling-fertile-window-differences-across-the-reproductive-lifespan-with-quanti-rece0ktb2gkso5sfr/","name":"Modeling Fertile Window Differences Across the Reproductive Lifespan with Quantitative Urine Hormone Monitoring of the Menstrual Cycle","headline":"Modeling Fertile Window Differences Across the Reproductive Lifespan with Quantitative Urine Hormone Monitoring of the Menstrual Cycle","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/modeling-fertile-window-differences-across-the-reproductive-lifespan-with-quanti-rece0ktb2gkso5sfr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bruno Scarpa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9628-5164","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Padua","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00240q980"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Schneider","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8090-4971","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas P Bouchard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5774-0286","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Calgary","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Louise Boychuk","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette Method Profess"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria Meyers","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3416-0032","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Western Health Center, Midfield, AL, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02kxemb23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Katherine Schweinsberg","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette Method Profess"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4154-6280","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette Method Profess","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052gg0110"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Theresa M Stujenske","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duquesne University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02336z538"}}],"datePublished":"2025-06-03","abstract":"Background Reproductive hormones of the fertile window are often referenced to women in regular cycles, but this may not be representative of the hormonal profiles of women in different circumstances like polycystic ovarian syndrome, the postpartum period, and the perimenopause transition. This observational cohort study sought to identify the variability in the hormones of the fertile window in various reproductive categories and to establish potential thresholds for each category based on hormone measurements with the Mira urinary hormone monitor. Results A total of 57 women (ages 22–51) in various circumstances (regular cycles, polycystic ovarian syndrome, postpartum and perimenopause) tracked Mira urine hormone measurements (estrone-3-glucuronide, luteinizing hormone, pregnanediol glucuronide), contributing 444 cycles of data. Using additive mixed models, hormone values were stratified by the four different reproductive categories. The perimenopause and polycystic ovararian syndrome groups demonstrated relative hypoestrogenic states, while the perimenopause group showed low luteal pregnanediol glucuronide and the polycystic ovarian syndrome group showed high luteal pregnanediol glucuronide. The perimenopause group had higher luteinizing hormone values throughout the whole cycle. Conclusion The fertile window hormone thresholds vary depending on a woman’s specific reproductive category. Women in different circumstances should not necessarily use the same hormonal thresholds for the fertile window and ovulation. A larger dataset with ultrasound correlation to ovulation is required to delineate the fertile window with more precision. Hormone differences across the menstrual cycle could be used for targeted treatments in polycystic ovarian syndrome and perimenopause women.","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6669318/v1","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6669318/v1"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/m-jing-a-liu-o014-unraveling-the-interplay-of-gut-microbiota-metabolic-alteratio-o0edmyjj/","name":"O-014 Unraveling the interplay of gut microbiota, metabolic alterations, and endometrial senescence in polycystic ovary syndrome and its implications for adverse pregnancy outcomes","headline":"O-014 Unraveling the interplay of gut microbiota, metabolic alterations, and endometrial senescence in polycystic ovary syndrome and its implications for adverse pregnancy outcomes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/m-jing-a-liu-o014-unraveling-the-interplay-of-gut-microbiota-metabolic-alteratio-o0edmyjj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jing M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7617-6833"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Liu A"}],"datePublished":"2025-06-01","abstract":"Abstract\n\nStudy question\nWhat gut microbiota and metabolic alterations are associated with Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs)?\n\n\nSummary answer\nIn PCOS, P. merdae decreases, BCAAs increase, raising the risk of APOs. Meanwhile, endometrial senescence and decidualization impairment are found, worsening with higher Ile concentration.\n\n\nWhat is known already\nPCOS, a prevalent and complex endocrine disorder, stands as the primary cause of anovulatory infertility. The rising prevalence of PCOS in China over the past decade has led to a substantial increase in disease burden. Our previous ten-year retrospective analysis revealed that PCOS patients undergoing their first fresh embryo transfer faced a heightened risk of APOs, such as miscarriage. However, the factors influencing disease progression and future obstetric outcomes in PCOS remain elusive.\n\n\nStudy design, size, duration\nThis prospective cohort study encompassed a diverse cohort of 220 women (110 with PCOS and 110 controls) from 44 cities across China, with a median follow-up duration of 16.6 months.\n\n\nParticipants/materials, setting, methods\nWomen aged < 35 years with PCOS (Rotterdam criteria) and age-/BMI-matched controls were recruited. Fecal microbiomes were analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing and metagenomics, while serum metabolites were assessed through both untargeted and targeted metabolomics. Endometrial stromal cell senescence was evaluated based on a constellation of markers, including cell proliferation, senescence-associated secretory phenotype factors, cell cycle, ROS levels, and SA-β-Gal activity. Endometrial decidualization was gauged by measuring prolactin and IGFBP-1 levels using ELISA.\n\n\nMain results and the role of chance\nOur study revealed significant gut microbiota alterations, including reduced α-diversity and a notable decline in Parabacteroides merdae (P. merdae), a key species differentiating PCOS from controls. Serum metabolomics identified 45 differential metabolites, with branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), especially isoleucine (Ile), exhibiting strong diagnostic potential. Targeted metabolomics further validated BCAAs’ (Valine, Leucine, and Ile) upregulation and short-chain fatty acids’ downregulation in PCOS.\nDuring follow - up, PCOS patients had a higher cumulative incidence of APOs despite similar pregnancy rates. And the adjustment for potential confounders did not substantially change the estimates. Intriguingly, individuals who experienced APOs showed a reduction in gut P. merdae levels and an elevation in serum BCAAs, suggesting their potential association with APOs occurrence.\nFurther analysis revealed increased Ile levels in the endometrial tissue of PCOS (P < 0.05) and higher proportions of cells positive for senescence markers (P21, P16, IL6, and IL1β), indicating aggravated cellular senescence, particularly in endometrial stromal cells (ESCs). ESCs from PCOS patients displayed classical senescence features, including proliferation loss, increased SA-β-Gal activity, cell cycle arrest, and elevated ROS levels. The accumulation of senescent ESCs in PCOS endometrium ultimately resulted in a disrupted decidualization process, which was exacerbated by increasing concentrations of Ile supplementation.\n\n\nLimitations, reasons for caution\nHowever, we must acknowledge certain limitations of this study. While our study makes a significant contribution to existing scientific knowledge, it is crucial to validate these findings in diverse populations. In addition, clinical translatability of biomarkers needs further exploration.\n\n\nWider implications of the findings\nThis study highlights gut microbiota-metabolite crosstalk as a novel axis influencing reproductive health in PCOS. Moreover, the identification of P. merdae and BCAAs as potential biomarkers for PCOS patients and the associated APOs risk opens up new avenues for risk stratification and personalized interventions.\n\n\nTrial registration number\nNo","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"40","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"Supplement_1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deaf097.014","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/deaf097.014"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/participation-of-general-practitioners-and-therapeutic-patient-education-in-the--uqsg20aj/","name":"Participation of general practitioners and therapeutic patient education in the care of infertile couples","headline":"Participation of general practitioners and therapeutic patient education in the care of infertile couples","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/participation-of-general-practitioners-and-therapeutic-patient-education-in-the--uqsg20aj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bernot G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lallemand L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Le Menager C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"René Ecochard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1695-789X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospices Civils de Lyon","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01502ca60"}}],"datePublished":"2025-06-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Fertility treatment pathways are complex and lengthy. The current prevalence of infertility makes it a public health issue. The involvement of general practitioners and the training of fertility instructors to provide therapeutic education have been suggested as ways of involving patients in the process and improving the therapeutic trajectory of these patients, who often have co-morbidities. OBJECTIVE: To describe the activity of trained fertility instructors; to assess the interest of doctors in the fertility chart provided by women; and to describe the outcomes of their fertility care pathway. METHODS: 66 French fertility instructors were interviewed in June 2024. The 15 general practitioners who had received additional training were also interviewed. The records of all couples who received fertility counselling and treatment between 1 January 2022 and 31 December 2023, the study cut-off date, were analysed. RESULTS: Doctors declared that the women had gained a clear understanding of their menstrual cycle, which was useful for diagnosis and treatment follow-up. The chart was particularly useful for diagnosing the causes of infertility and identifying when in the cycle to take medication. Only 4 of the 551 women were lost to follow-up. Of the remaining 547 women, 204 (37%) became pregnant. Of these, 75% had a live birth or an ongoing pregnancy at study cut-off. CONCLUSIONS: The involvement of fertility instructors and general practitioners improved the couple s ability to interact with doctors and to adhere to infertility treatment. The fertility chart provided by the women proved to be useful in the diagnosis and treatment process.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2025.113956","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ejogrb.2025.113956"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40209491"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/correction-to-time-to-diagnose-endometriosis-current-status-challenges-and-regio-g9ablcfe/","name":"Correction to \"Time to Diagnose Endometriosis: Current Status, Challenges and Regional Characteristics-A Systematic Literature Review\"","headline":"Correction to \"Time to Diagnose Endometriosis: Current Status, Challenges and Regional Characteristics-A Systematic Literature Review\"","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/correction-to-time-to-diagnose-endometriosis-current-status-challenges-and-regio-g9ablcfe/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"datePublished":"2025-06-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"132","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"1018","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.18149","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/1471-0528.18149"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40152228"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/per--and-polyfluoroalkyl-substances-in-eutopic-endometrium-tissue-and-risk-of-en-reczer8uvvsgpglhl/","name":"Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Eutopic Endometrium Tissue and Risk of Endometriosis: Findings from the Investigating Mixtures of Pollutants and Endometriosis in Tissue (IMPLANT) Study","headline":"Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Eutopic Endometrium Tissue and Risk of Endometriosis: Findings from the Investigating Mixtures of Pollutants and Endometriosis in Tissue (IMPLANT) Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/per--and-polyfluoroalkyl-substances-in-eutopic-endometrium-tissue-and-risk-of-en-reczer8uvvsgpglhl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jenna R Krall","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6836-149X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"George Mason University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leslie V Farland","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7455-8531","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine -...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Krishnamoorthi Vimalkumar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2278-1480","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"New York State Department of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04hf5kq57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kurunthachalam Kannan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1926-7456","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"New York State Department of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04hf5kq57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vimalkumar Krishnamoorthi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"New York State Department of Health"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joanna M Marroquin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5101-4977","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"George Mason University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Z Pollack","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4313-3298","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"George Mason University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156"}}],"datePublished":"2025-06-01","abstract":"Background: Perand polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure is widespread and has been linked with gynecologic disease. To our knowledge, no study has measured PFAS in endometrial tissue.\n\nMethods: Eutopic endometrial tissue specimens (n=434) were collected from Investigating Mixtures of Pollutants and Endometriosis in Tissue (IMPLANT) study participants undergoing laparoscopy or laparotomy for any indication (2007-2009). Nine PFAS were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry [perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoDA), perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA), perfluorooctanesulfonamide (PFOSA), and perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA)]. Surgeons diagnosed endometriosis by gold-standard visualization and evaluated the endometriosis staging as moderate and severe (stages 3 and 4) compared to minimal and mild (stages 1 and 2) using American Society of Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) classification. We used modified Poisson regression models adjusted for age (continuous), race (white, all other race/ethnicities), smoking status (serum cotinine >10 ng/mL), study site (Utah, California), and body mass index (continuous) to obtain relative risks (RR) of endometriosis diagnosis and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each PFAS. PFAS mixtures were evaluated using Bayesian kernel machine regression.\n\nResults: Participants were, on average, 33±7 years old, and 75% of participants were non-Hispanic white. Of the 181 participants with an incident endometriosis diagnosis, 73% had ASRM stage 1 or 2, while 27% had stage 3 or 4. Median [interquartile range (IQR)] eutopic endometrium tissue levels, in nanograms per gram, were 6.58 (6.44) for PFOS, 1.93 (1.71) for PFOA, 0.65 (0.75) for PFHxS, 0.58 (0.52) for PFNA, and 0.12 (0.18) for PFOSA. PFAS in the endometrial tissue was not associated with endometriosis. However, select PFAS in the eutopic tissue were associated with a risk of more advanced (stage 3 or 4 vs. 1 or 2) endometriosis [PFOSA RR=1.25 (95% CI: 1.10, 1.43), PFHxS RR=1.37 (95% CI: 1.12, 1.68), PFOS RR=1.36 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.81)].\n\nConclusion: PFAS were widely detected in eutopic endometrial tissue. There was no evidence that PFAS in endometrial tissue were associated with a higher risk of endometriosis diagnosis. However, PFOS, PFOSA, and PFHxS in the endometrial tissue were associated with risk of more severe stage of endometriosis. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP15852.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"133","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environmental health perspectives"}}},"pageStart":"67001","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP15852","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1289/EHP15852"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40257857"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-treatment-2023-trends-and-figures-recya05ks2mhemi2l/","name":"Fertility Treatment 2023: Trends and Figures","headline":"Fertility Treatment 2023: Trends and Figures","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-treatment-2023-trends-and-figures-recya05ks2mhemi2l/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority"}],"datePublished":"2025-06-01","abstract":"# Fertility treatment 2023: trends and figures\nPreliminary UK statistics for IVF and DI treatment, storage, and donation\nPublished: June 2025\nYou have chosen not to allow videos from the 3rd party streaming service (YouTube), if you would like to see these videos, please change your [Privacy policy and cookie settings](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/privacy-policy-cookies-and-accessibility \"Visit the 'Privacy policy and cookies' page\").\n[Download the underlying dataset as Excel Worksheet](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/media/3qip3kon/fertility-treatment-2023-trends-and-figures-underlying-dataset.xlsx \"Download the underlying dataset for the ‘Fertility treatment 2023: trends and figures’ report\")\n## Table of contents\n- [Main points](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/fertility-treatment-2023-trends-and-figures/#main-points)\n- [Note on preliminary data](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/fertility-treatment-2023-trends-and-figures/#note-on-preliminary-data)\n- [Section 1: More babies born from IVF in the UK](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/fertility-treatment-2023-trends-and-figures/#section-1)\n- [Section 2: IVF pregnancy and birth rates using fresh embryo transfers increased over the years, though lower for Black patients](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/fertility-treatment-2023-trends-and-figures/#section-2)\n- [Section 3: Average pregnancy and birth rates using frozen embryo transfers increased in 2023](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/fertility-treatment-2023-trends-and-figures/#section-3)\n- [Section 4: Multiple births rate from IVF is one of the lowest in the world](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/fertility-treatment-2023-trends-and-figures/#section-4)\n- [Section 5: Most treatment types have increased across the UK since 2019](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/fertili...","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-menstrual-cycle-as-a-vital-sign-a-comprehensive-review-qhewfsno/","name":"The Menstrual Cycle as a Vital Sign: a comprehensive review","headline":"The Menstrual Cycle as a Vital Sign: a comprehensive review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-menstrual-cycle-as-a-vital-sign-a-comprehensive-review-qhewfsno/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Vollmar AKR","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8009-0258"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shruthi Mahalingaiah","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5527-5787","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anne Marie Z. Jukic","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8635-9505","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}}],"datePublished":"2025-06-01","abstract":"Some medical professional organizations have advocated for including the menstrual cycle as a vital sign in adolescence, but not in adulthood. However, documenting menstrual cycle patterns is not routine clinical or research practice. Vital signs are used to predict health outcomes, indicate needed treatment, and monitor a clinical course. They can help identify pathologies, affirm wellness, and are responsive to exposures. Here we review the scientific evidence showing how the menstrual cycle meets these criteria and should therefore be treated as a vital sign. Using key words and controlled vocabulary terms, we carried out multiple literature searches, prioritizing the inclusion of systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and clinical practice guidelines. This review describes how the menstrual cycle is a health indicator, can cyclically impact health conditions, and its associations with long-term post-menopausal health outcomes. We review exposures influencing the menstrual cycle, evidence underlying its use to optimize wellness, and available tools for documenting cycles. Supplementary materials include patient handouts on menstrual cycle tracking, and an index of related clinical practice guidelines and reviews by subject. The menstrual cycle is a vital sign from menarche through menopause, an underutilized but powerful tool for understanding gynecological and general health.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"F&S reviews"}}},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xfnr.2024.100081","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q140365997"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.xfnr.2024.100081"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39906529"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q140365997"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prenatal-ambient-air-pollution-associations-with-dna-methylation-in-asthma--and--recbpz8a3xxdrrmsm/","name":"Prenatal ambient air pollution associations with DNA methylation in asthma- and allergy-relevant genes: findings from ECHO","headline":"Prenatal ambient air pollution associations with DNA methylation in asthma- and allergy-relevant genes: findings from ECHO","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prenatal-ambient-air-pollution-associations-with-dna-methylation-in-asthma--and--recbpz8a3xxdrrmsm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Palmore M, Thompson EE, Fang F, Bastain TM, Breton C, Collingwood S, Gilliland FD, Gold DR, Habre R, Hartert T, Khurana Hershey GK, Jackson DJ, Miller R, Ryan P, Shorey-Kendrick L, Spindel ER, Stanford J, Gern J, McKennan C, Ober C, Ladd-Acosta C"}],"datePublished":"2025-05-28","abstract":"Prenatal exposure to air pollution is an important risk factor for child health outcomes, including asthma. Identification of DNA methylation changes associated with air pollutant exposure can provide new intervention targets to improve children's health. The aim of this study is to test the association between prenatal air pollutant exposure and DNA methylation in developmental and asthma-/allergy-relevant biospecimens (placenta, buccal, cord blood, nasal mucosa, and lavage). A subset of 2294 biospecimens collected from 1906 child participants enrolled in the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes program with prenatal air pollutant and high-quality Illumina Asthma&Allergy DNA methylation array measures (n = 37 197 probes) were included. Prenatal ozone, nitrogen dioxide, and fine particulate matter were derived using residential history during pregnancy and spatiotemporal models. For each pollutant, biospecimen type, and prenatal exposure window, we estimated the effects of air pollution on gene DNA methylation levels. We compared results across pollutants, biospecimen types, and trimesters and tested for critical months of exposure using distributed lag models. DNA methylation levels at 154 out of 4746 tested genes were associated with air pollution; over 95% were exposure window, pollutant, and biospecimen-type specific. The fewest gene associations were detected in trimester 2, relative to other exposure windows. A variety of trends in methylation patterns were observed in response to lagged monthly pollution levels. Child DNA methylation changes at specific respiratoryand immune-relevant genes are associated with prenatal air pollutant exposures. Future studies should examine the relationship between these pollution-sensitive genes and child health.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environmental epigenetics"}}},"pageStart":"dvaf013","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eep/dvaf013","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/eep/dvaf013"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40438471"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/early-life-factors-and-body-mass-index-trajectories-among-children-in-the-echo-cohort-recmffqwix6hieqj2/","name":"Early-Life Factors and Body Mass Index Trajectories Among Children in the ECHO Cohort","headline":"Early-Life Factors and Body Mass Index Trajectories Among Children in the ECHO Cohort","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/early-life-factors-and-body-mass-index-trajectories-among-children-in-the-echo-cohort-recmffqwix6hieqj2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Liu C, Chow SM, Aris IM, Dabelea D, Neiderhiser JM, Leve LD, Blair C, Catellier DJ, Couzens L, Braun JM, Ferrara A, Aschner JL, Deoni SCL, Dunlop AL, Gern JE, Rivera-Spoljaric K, Hartert TV, Hershey GKK, Karagas MR, Kennedy EM, Karr CJ, Barrett ES, Zhao Q, Lester BM, Check JF, Helderman JB, O'Connor TG, Rasmussen JM, Stanford JB, Mihalopoulos NL, Wright RJ, Wright RO, Carroll KN, McEvoy CT, Breton CV, Trasande L, Weiss ST, Elliott AJ, Hockett CW, Ganiban JM, Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO)"}],"datePublished":"2025-05-22","abstract":"Importance: Identifying atypical body mass index (BMI) trajectories in children and understanding associated, modifiable early-life factors may help prevent childhood obesity.\n\nObjective: To characterize multiphase BMI trajectories in children and identify associated modifiable early-life factors.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study included longitudinal data obtained from January 1997 to June 2024, from the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) cohort, which included children aged 1 to 9 years with 4 or more weight and height assessments. Analyses were conducted from January to June 2024.\n\nExposure: sPrenatal exposure to substances and stress (smoking, alcohol, depression, anxiety), maternal characteristics (prepregnancy BMI, gestational weight gain), child characteristics (preterm birth, birth weight, breastfeeding), and demographic covariates.Main Outcomes and MeasuresBMI (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by length in meters squared for children aged 1 and 2 years and as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared for children older than 2 years) obtained using medical records, staff measurements, caregiver reports, or remote study measures. The analysis was conducted using a multiphase latent growth mixture model.\n\nResults: This study included 9483 children (4925 boys [51.9%]). Two distinct 2-phase BMI patterns were identified: typical and atypical. The typical group (n = 8477 [89.4%]) showed linear decreases in BMI (b2, −0.23 [95% CI, −0.24 to −0.22]), with the lowest BMI at age 6 years (95% CI, 5.94-6.11), followed by linear increases from 6 to 9 years (slope difference [b4 − b2], 0.81 [95% CI, 0.76-0.86]; mean BMI at 9 years: 17.33). The atypical group (n = 1006 [10.6%]) showed a stable BMI from ages 1 to 3.5 years (b6, 0.06 [95% CI, −0.04 to 0.15]), followed by rapid linear increases from ages 3.5 to 9 years (slope difference [b8 − b6], 1.44 [95% CI, 1.34-1.55]). At age 9 years, this group reached a mean BMI (26.2) that exceeded the 99th percentile. Prenatal smoking, high prepregnancy BMI, high gestational weight gain, and high birth weight were key risk factors for the atypical trajectory.\n\nConclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study of children in the ECHO cohort, analyses identified children on the path to obesity as early as age 3.5 years. Modifiable factors could be targeted for early prevention and intervention programs aimed at reducing childhood obesity.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA network open"}}},"pageStart":"e2511835","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.11835","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.11835"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/exploring-the-link-between-periodontal-disease-and-sperm-quality-a-comprehensive-95pxg1if/","name":"Exploring the link between periodontal disease and sperm quality: a comprehensive systematic review study","headline":"Exploring the link between periodontal disease and sperm quality: a comprehensive systematic review study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/exploring-the-link-between-periodontal-disease-and-sperm-quality-a-comprehensive-95pxg1if/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mortazavi V"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roozbeh N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Banaei M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kutenaei MA"}],"datePublished":"2025-05-21","abstract":"Background: Periodontal diseases are among the most prevalent oral health conditions globally, with evidence suggesting their systemic effects, including potential impacts on male reproductive health. Inflammation associated with periodontitis might interfere with spermatogenesis and alter sperm parameters such as count, motility, morphology, and DNA integrity. This systematic review aims to critically assess existing studies on the relationship between periodontal disease and sperm quality to delineate its clinical implications for male infertility. Methods: The research was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) at the National Institute for Health Research (PROSPERO code: CRD420251005800). A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, ProQuest, Scopus, Web of Science (WOS), and Google Scholar, up to September 2024. Inclusion criteria targeted human studies reporting associations between periodontal health and sperm quality parameters. To assess the quality of the included studies, the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used. Data were synthesized qualitatively and analyzed for trends. Results: Nine studies encompassing 1,386 participants were included. Evidence suggests a significant association between periodontitis and decreased sperm motility, abnormal morphology, and increased DNA fragmentation. However, findings on sperm count and concentration were inconsistent. Mechanistic pathways suggest that inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress contribute to these disruptions. Conclusion: This review highlights the systemic implications of periodontal disease on male reproductive health. Given the global decline in male fertility, maintaining oral health may serve as an adjunct strategy in managing infertility. Future research should prioritize large-scale, longitudinal studies to establish causality and explore preventive interventions.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"25","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMC Oral Health"}}},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-025-06051-w","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28316204"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s12903-025-06051-w"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40399885"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28316204"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulatory-and-anovulatory-cycle-phase-influences-on-qt-interval-dynamics-during-the-menstrual-cycle-rec0lbpdnaspbyp5z/","name":"Ovulatory and anovulatory cycle phase influences on QT interval dynamics during the menstrual cycle","headline":"Ovulatory and anovulatory cycle phase influences on QT interval dynamics during the menstrual cycle","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulatory-and-anovulatory-cycle-phase-influences-on-qt-interval-dynamics-during-the-menstrual-cycle-rec0lbpdnaspbyp5z/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lauren Yee","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9956-3062","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sonia Shirin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7866-3419","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher Cheung","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6298-5288","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Heart Rhythm Services, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brianna Davies","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0749-6294","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrew D Krahn","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7982-1586","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Borna Naderi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0001-1013","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Heart Rhythm Services, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2025-05-16","abstract":"Background: Ovarian hormones affect cardiovascular health yet few sufficient-sized studies with reliable ovulatory documentation have assessed the QTc-hormonal relationship. This study investigated QTc changes across ovulatory and anovulatory menstrual cycle phases.\n\nMethods: This prospective cohort investigation, a cardiac sub-study of the Menstruation and Ovulation Study 2 (MOS2), involved 62 healthy, regularly menstruating community-dwelling women during spontaneous menstrual cycles. Electrocardiographic recordings were obtained within-woman during different cycle phases: mid-follicular for all, and luteal (ovulatory) or premenstrual (anovulatory), documented by the validated Quantitative Basal Temperature© method. Fridericia's formula rate-corrected the QT interval (QTc). A subsequent meta-analysis was conducted, pooling data from three additional studies to evaluate ovulatory follicular-luteal phase QTc changes.\n\nResults: In the 26 ovulatory cycles, QTc minimally decreased from the mid-follicular to the luteal phases (383.0 ± 12.8 vs 382.6 ± 12.8 msec, P = .859). QTc in the 36 anovulatory cycles tended to increase from mid-follicular to premenstrual phases (381.7 ± 13.1 vs 385.0 ± 16.1 msec, P = .166). The meta-analysis in ovulatory cycles yielded a random-effects weighted mean QTc shortening of 1.67 msec (P = .53) in the luteal vs the follicular phase, aligning with our cohort data.\n\nConclusion: In confirmed ovulatory cycles, QTc changes were minimal, showing no meaningful luteal phase QTc shortening. QTc changes in anovulatory cycles were also insignificant, with a small QTc prolongation likely due to longer estradiol exposure not counterbalanced by progesterone. Under normal physiological conditions, QTc changes during the menstrual cycle are trivial, and menstrual status does not need to be considered when interpreting the QT interval.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"20","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"PloS one"}}},"pageStart":"e0320846","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0320846","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1371/journal.pone.0320846"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40378165"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/breast-tenderness-and-swelling-experiences-related-to-menstrual-cycles-and-ovulation-in-healthy-premenopausal-women-secondary-analysis-of-the-1-year-prospective-ovulation-cohort-reco7j815zkxqcwry/","name":"Breast tenderness and swelling experiences related to menstrual cycles and ovulation in healthy premenopausal women: Secondary analysis of the 1-year \"Prospective Ovulation Cohort\"","headline":"Breast tenderness and swelling experiences related to menstrual cycles and ovulation in healthy premenopausal women: Secondary analysis of the 1-year \"Prospective Ovulation Cohort\"","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/breast-tenderness-and-swelling-experiences-related-to-menstrual-cycles-and-ovulation-in-healthy-premenopausal-women-secondary-analysis-of-the-1-year-prospective-ovulation-cohort-reco7j815zkxqcwry/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Wood","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9542-2219","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sonia Shirin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7866-3419","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Azita Goshtasebi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2025-05-12","abstract":"Breast tenderness and swelling are associated with premenstrual symptoms but are not well described in healthy women. In this 1-year prospective observational study, we examined daily breast tenderness and swelling to determine whether differences existed between normally ovulatory and ovulatory disturbed (short luteal phase and anovulatory) cycles in a cohort of community dwelling, non-smoking, healthy premenopausal women. Enrolment required two consecutive normal-length and normally ovulatory cycles by Quantitative Basal Temperature© analysis. Women (n = 53) ages 20-41 recorded their daily breast experiences in the Menstrual Cycle Diary© across an average of 13.6 cycles. In all 720 cycles, the median breast tenderness was 1.4 (on a 0-4 scale, range 0.0-3.0), in cycles with a mean length of 28.1 days (95% CI 27.5-28.8). Comparison of breast tenderness and breast size (changes from usual) parameters between all normally ovulatory cycles and all ovulatory disturbed cycles in the whole cohort showed significantly higher levels in normally ovulatory (luteal length ≥10 days) in both Breast Tenderness Score [intensity X duration in days; 6.0 (range 1.0-14.0) vs. 3.0 (0.0-11.0) (P=.005)] and breast size [4.0 (2.0-4.0) vs. 4.0 (0.0-4.0) (P=.034]). However, within-woman in the forty-seven women with both normally ovulatory and ovulatory disturbed cycles, breast tenderness (intensity, duration, and Breast Tenderness Score), did not differ between normally ovulatory cycles and cycles with ovulatory disturbances. This study also demonstrated that in all ovulatory cycles, the timing of breast tenderness increased in parallel with breast swelling; the maximum for both was in the late luteal phase.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"20","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"PloS one"}}},"pageStart":"e0321205","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0321205","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1371/journal.pone.0321205"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40354418"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-of-endometriosis-progression-in-infertile-women-trying-to-conceive-naturall-p8q2zb1t/","name":"Risk of endometriosis progression in infertile women trying to conceive naturally or using IVF","headline":"Risk of endometriosis progression in infertile women trying to conceive naturally or using IVF","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-of-endometriosis-progression-in-infertile-women-trying-to-conceive-naturall-p8q2zb1t/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Edgardo Somigliana","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0223-0032","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016zn0y21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paola Viganò","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3674-5912","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"San Raffaele University of Rome","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02rwycx38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Invernici D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fornelli G","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4281-0617"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Merli CEM","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5294-1123"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paolo Vercellini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4195-0996","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016zn0y21"}}],"datePublished":"2025-05-09","abstract":"The use of hormonal treatments for endometriosis has increased in recent years. Their effectiveness lies in creating a stable hormonal environment, reducing peripheral estrogen levels, and suppressing ovulation and menstruation. Although these agents do not cure endometriosis and symptoms often return after discontinuation, they effectively relieve pain in most cases and help prevent disease progression or recurrence. Women are therefore typically managed with long-term hormonal treatments, with or without surgery. However, this approach is unsuitable for those seeking natural pregnancy or undergoing IVF, as all hormonal treatments hinder conception. For women pursuing natural pregnancy, these treatments should be discontinued for about 1 year, the time needed to diagnose infertility. However, this suspension exposes women to the risk of recurrence or progression and is therefore clinically acceptable only if the woman has a reasonable likelihood of achieving pregnancy naturally. In women with endometriosis who are infertile and therefore require IVF, ovarian stimulation significantly raises estrogen levels-up to 10 times those of a natural cycle-potentially boosting the risk of endometriosis relapse. Evidence is reassuring on this issue even if some limited data suggest that ovarian stimulation may promote deep invasive endometriosis progression. Overall, physicians and patients must balance the chances of natural or ART-assisted pregnancy against the risk of disease recurrence or progression during treatment discontinuation or IVF. This choice is also complicated by the increased risk of severe pregnancy complications in women with endometriosis, possibly depending on the conception method. This review discusses the available evidence that can be helpful in guiding the decision-making process.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deaf090","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/deaf090"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40344687"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/characterisation-and-comparison-of-semen-microbiota-and-sperm-function-in-men-wi-omb8ovis/","name":"Characterisation and comparison of semen microbiota and bacterial load in men with infertility, recurrent miscarriage, or proven fertility","headline":"Characterisation and comparison of semen microbiota and bacterial load in men with infertility, recurrent miscarriage, or proven fertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/characterisation-and-comparison-of-semen-microbiota-and-sperm-function-in-men-wi-omb8ovis/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mowla S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Farahani L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tharakan T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Davies R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Correia GD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lee YS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sudip Kundu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2386-4912","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medizinische Hochschule Hannover","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f2yqf98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Khanjani S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sindi E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Raj Rai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7049-2827","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056ffv270"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lesley Regan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Mary’s Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/041j39g66"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Khalifa D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ralf Henkel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1128-2982","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of the Western Cape","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00h2vm590"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dhillo WS","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5950-4316"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ben Nagi J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Phil Bennett","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8305-5036","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, United Kingdom."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"MacIntyre DA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jayasena CN","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2578-8223"}],"datePublished":"2025-05-08","abstract":"Several studies have associated seminal microbiota abnormalities with male infertility but have yielded differing results owing to their limited sizes or depths of analyses. The semen microbiota during recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) has not been investigated. Comprehensively assessing the seminal microbiota in men with reproductive disorders could elucidate its potential role in clinical management. We used semen analysis, terminal-deoxynucleotidyl-transferase-mediated-deoxyuridine-triphosphate-nick-end-labelling, Comet DNA fragmentation, luminol reactive oxidative species (ROS) chemiluminescence, and metataxonomic profiling of semen microbiota by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing in this prospective, cross-sectional study to investigate composition and bacterial load of seminal bacterial genera and species, semen parameters, ROS, and sperm DNA fragmentation in men with reproductive disorders and proven fathers. 223 men were enrolled, including healthy men with proven paternity (n=63), the male partners in a couple encountering RPL (n=46), men with male factor infertility (n=58), and the male partners of couples with unexplained infertility (n=56). Rates of high sperm DNA fragmentation, elevated ROS, and oligospermia were more prevalent in the study group compared with control. In all groups, semen microbiota clustered into three major genera-dominant groups (1, Streptococcus; 2, Prevotella; 3, Lactobacillus and Gardnerella); no species clusters were identified. Group 2 had the highest microbial richness (p<0.001), alpha-diversity (p<0.001), and bacterial load (p<0.0001). Overall bacterial composition or load has not been found to associate with semen analysis, ROS, or DNA fragmentation. Whilst global perturbation of the seminal microbiota is not associated with male reproductive disorders, men with unidentified seminal Flavobacterium are more likely to have abnormal seminal analysis. Future studies may elucidate if Flavobacterium reduction has therapeutic potential.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"eLife"}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.96090","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.7554/elife.96090"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/experiences-of-care-and-gaslighting-in-patients-with-vulvovaginal-disorders-recmamik3obo8pkxf/","name":"Experiences of Care and Gaslighting in Patients With Vulvovaginal Disorders","headline":"Experiences of Care and Gaslighting in Patients With Vulvovaginal Disorders","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/experiences-of-care-and-gaslighting-in-patients-with-vulvovaginal-disorders-recmamik3obo8pkxf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Chailee Moss","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0176-5705","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Centers","sameAs":"https://ror.org/033tgbx59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jessica Holloway","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9267-3197","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Centers","sameAs":"https://ror.org/033tgbx59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Isabella Kopits","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2372-4384","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Centers","sameAs":"https://ror.org/033tgbx59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sara Perelmuter","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6011-9228","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cornell University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mollie Rief","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7378-2846","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Centers","sameAs":"https://ror.org/033tgbx59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jill M. Krapf","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8695-0570","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Centers","sameAs":"https://ror.org/033tgbx59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Caroline F. Pukall","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1553-6118","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrew T. Goldstein","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3486-2402","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Centers","sameAs":"https://ror.org/033tgbx59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arthi Chinna-Meyyappan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrew Goldstein","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5207-5061","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f54p054"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sylvia Lorenzini","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Centers","sameAs":"https://ror.org/033tgbx59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leia Mitchell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9318-128X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Centers","sameAs":"https://ror.org/033tgbx59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Na'imah Muhammad","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1566-4160","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Centers","sameAs":"https://ror.org/033tgbx59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gabriela Skovronsky","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Centers","sameAs":"https://ror.org/033tgbx59"}}],"datePublished":"2025-05-08","abstract":"Importance: Medical gaslighting, in which a patient's concerns are dismissed without proper evaluation, has been described anecdotally in vulvovaginal patient care, but has not been quantified.\n\nObjective: To use a patient-centered instrument to measure adverse experiences in vulvovaginal care. DESIGN, SETTING, AND\n\nParticipants: Common themes from National Vulvodynia Association patient testimonials were used to design a mixed-methods measure of patient experience that included both quantitative and qualitative questions. An instrument was created and submitted to officers from the National Vulvodynia Association and Tight-Lipped, another patient advocacy organization, for feedback. The measure was then completed by patients before their first appointment at a vulvovaginal disorder referral clinic from August 2023 to February 2024.\n\nExposure: Participation in the survey.\n\nMain Outcomes and Measures: The primary outcome was the incidence of reported clinician behavior and consequent distress as reported on the survey instrument. Quantitative data were analyzed using simple descriptive statistics (mean [SD], median [IQR], and percentage). Narrative responses provided by patients were analyzed using the clinical-qualitative method for content analysis.\n\nResults: A total of 520 patients completed surveys; 5 were eliminated because the patient was younger than 18 years, 6 were eliminated for duplication, 6 were eliminated because they had no past clinician, and 56 were eliminated for completely blank responses. Thus, surveys of 447 patients (mean [SD] age, 41.7 [15.2] years) were analyzed (86% response rate). Patients had a mean (SD) of 5.50 (4.53) past clinicians. Patients reported that a mean (SD) of 43.5% (33.9%) of past practitioners were supportive, 26.6% (31.7%) were belittling, and 20.5% (30.9%) did not believe the patient. In total, 186 patients (41.6%) were told they just needed to relax more, 92 (20.6%) were recommended to drink alcohol, 236 (52.8%) considered ceasing care because their concerns were not addressed, 92 (20.6%) were referred to psychiatry without medical treatment, 72 (16.8%) felt unsafe during a medical encounter, and 176 (39.4%) said they were made to feel crazy, the most distressing surveyed behavior (rated at a mean [SD] of 7.39 [3.06] of 10 on a numerical rating scale of distress). A total of 1150 quotations were analyzed qualitatively; common themes included lack of clinician knowledge (247 quotations) and dismissive behaviors (211 quotations).\n\nConclusions and Relevance: In this cross-sectional study, a patient-centered measure of adverse experiences in vulvovaginal care was developed. Participants reported common past experiences with gaslighting and substantial distress; they frequently considered ceasing care. There is an urgent need for education supporting a biopsychosocial, trauma-informed approach to vulvovaginal pain and continued development of validated instruments to quantify patient experiences.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA Network Open"}}},"pageStart":"e259486","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.9486","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.9486"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40338544"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/impact-of-mrna-and-inactivated-covid-19-vaccines-on-ovarian-reserve-recpqnyen5lfoqwfh/","name":"Impact of mRNA and Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccines on Ovarian Reserve","headline":"Impact of mRNA and Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccines on Ovarian Reserve","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/impact-of-mrna-and-inactivated-covid-19-vaccines-on-ovarian-reserve-recpqnyen5lfoqwfh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Enes Karaman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1459-0606","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ejnre35"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Adem Yavuz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6613-0073","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cappadocia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01zx17h33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Esra Balcioglu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1474-0432","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, 38030 Kayseri, Turkey"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Busra Karaca","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1470-356X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hakan Cetinsaya Good Clinical Practice and Research Center, 38030 Kayseri, Turkey."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hande Doganay","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Obsterics annd Gynecology Clinic, Nigde Omer Halisdemir University Training and Research Hospital, 51100 Nigde, Turkey"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Orhan Yildiz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4018-5129","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Deparment of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, 38030 Kayseri, Turkey"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Erol Karakas","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6050-6765","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Op. Dr. Erol Karakas Gynecology-Obstetrics-Genital Aesthetics and Sexual Health Clinic, 38140 Kayseri, Turkey"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Koray Gorkem Sacinti","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8602-9714","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aksaray University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/026db3d50"}}],"datePublished":"2025-05-07","abstract":"Objectives: This study aimed to elucidate the effects of messenger RNA (mRNA) and inactivated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines on ovarian histology and reserve in rats.\n\nMethods: Thirty female Wistar albino rats, aged 16-24 weeks, were randomly divided into three groups (n = 10): control, mRNA vaccine, and inactivated vaccine groups. Each vaccine group received two doses (on day 0 and day 28) at human-equivalent doses. Four weeks post-second vaccination, ovarian tissues were harvested for analysis.\n\nResults: Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to evaluate the expression of transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), caspase-3, and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) in ovarian follicles. Both vaccines induced significant increases in TGF-β1, VEGF, and caspase-3 expression, with more pronounced effects in the mRNA vaccine group. Conversely, AMH expression in the granulosa cells of primary, secondary, and antral follicles showed marked reductions (p < 0.001). The counts of primordial, primary, and secondary follicles decreased significantly in the inactivated vaccine group relative to controls and further in the mRNA vaccine group compared to the inactivated group (p < 0.001). Additionally, the mRNA vaccine group exhibited a decrease in antral and preovulatory follicles and an increase in atretic follicles compared to the other groups (p < 0.05). The serum AMH level was diminished with the mRNA vaccination in comparison with the control and inactivated groups.\n\nConclusions: Our findings suggest that both mRNA and inactivated COVID-19 vaccines may detrimentally impact ovarian reserve in rats, primarily through accelerated follicular loss and alterations in apoptotic pathways during folliculogenesis. Given these observations in a rat model, further investigations into the vaccines' effects on human ovarian reserve are needed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Vaccines"}}},"pageStart":"345","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines13040345","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/vaccines13040345"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40333243"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dietary-patterns-and-age-at-menarche-in-a-prospective-study-of-girls-in-the-usa-reci0ivimsvgmsyjg/","name":"Dietary patterns and age at menarche in a prospective study of girls in the USA","headline":"Dietary patterns and age at menarche in a prospective study of girls in the USA","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dietary-patterns-and-age-at-menarche-in-a-prospective-study-of-girls-in-the-usa-reci0ivimsvgmsyjg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C P Davis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7293-2769","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Fest","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3922-1444","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fred Hutch Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007ps6h72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kara L. Cushing‐Haugen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2993-0191","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fred Hutch Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007ps6h72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T W Kensler","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6676-261X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fred Hutch Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007ps6h72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jorge E Chavarro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7790-8311","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Cushing-Haugen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center , Seattle, WA,"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Holly R Harris","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2572-6727","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fred Hutch Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007ps6h72"}}],"datePublished":"2025-05-07","abstract":"STUDY Question: Are dietary patterns associated with age at menarche after accounting for BMI-for-age (BMIz) and height?\n\nSUMMARY ANSWER: We observed associations between both the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) and the Empirical Dietary Inflammatory Pattern (EDIP) and age at menarche.\n\nWHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Dietary patterns have been sparsely examined in relation to age at menarche and no studies have examined the association between the AHEI, a healthier diet, and EDIP, a pro-inflammatory diet, and menarche.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: The Growing Up Today Study (GUTS) is a prospective cohort of children ages 9-14 years at study enrollment. GUTS enrolled in two waves with enrollment beginning in 1996 (GUTS1) and 2004 (GUTS2). For this analysis, GUTS1 and GUTS2 participants were followed through 2001 and 2008, respectively.\n\nPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, Methods: We included 7530 participants who completed food frequency questionnaire(s) (FFQ) prior to menarche who then self-reported age at menarche during study follow-up. Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for the associations between two dietary patterns, the AHEI and EDIP, and age at menarche, with and without adjustment for time-varying BMIz and height.\n\nMAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: Six thousand nine hundred ninety-two participants (93%) reported menarche during the study period. On average, participants completed the baseline FFQ 1.75 years prior to menarche. Participants in the highest quintile of AHEI diet score (indicating a healthier diet) were 8% less likely to attain menarche within the next month compared to those in the lowest quintile (95% CI = 0.85-0.99; Ptrend = 0.03). This association remained after adjustment for BMIz and height (corresponding HR = 0.93; 95% CI = 0.86-1.00; Ptrend = 0.04). Participants in the highest quintile of the EDIP score (i.e. most inflammatory diet), were 15% more likely to attain menarche in the next month relative to those in the lowest quintile (95% CI = 1.06-1.25; Ptrend = 0.0004), and the association remained following adjustment for BMIz and height (corresponding HR = 1.15; 95% CI = 1.06-1.25; Ptrend = 0.0004).\n\nLIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: Self-reported questionnaires are subject to some error; however, given our prospective study design it is likely this error is non-differential with respect to the outcome.\n\nWIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE Findings: Our findings of an association between both the AHEI and EDIP and age at menarche indicate that diet quality may play a role in age at menarche independent of BMI or height. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S): This work was supported by the Breast Cancer Research Foundation. The GUTS is supported by the National Institutes of Health U01 HL145386. C.P.D. was supported by National Institutes of Health T32 CA094880. The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.\n\nTRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: N/A.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"40","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1087","pageEnd":"1093","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deaf072","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/deaf072"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40328293"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstrual-cycle-heat-maps-visualising-menstrual-cycle-variability-using-hormone-heat-map-rectn6yerzcogjdve/","name":"Menstrual Cycle Heat Maps: Visualising menstrual cycle variability using hormone heat map arrays referenced to the ultrasound day of ovulation","headline":"Menstrual Cycle Heat Maps: Visualising menstrual cycle variability using hormone heat map arrays referenced to the ultrasound day of ovulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstrual-cycle-heat-maps-visualising-menstrual-cycle-variability-using-hormone-heat-map-rectn6yerzcogjdve/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas P Bouchard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5774-0286","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Calgary","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Saman Abdullah","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8182-0884","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Sulaimani","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00saanr69"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rene Leiva","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1395-3236","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Ottawa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03c4mmv16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"René Ecochard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1695-789X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospices Civils de Lyon","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01502ca60"}}],"datePublished":"2025-05-02","abstract":"Objective: There is considerable individual day-to-day variation within the menstrual cycle and between cycles in women. Average hormone curves inadequately describe the individual hormone patterns experienced by women. The present study applies a novel application of a statistical array (heat map) to demonstrate both individual and group menstrual cycle hormone variability.\nDesign: Using pre-existing datasets, two cohorts of women were analysed using a statistical method to visualise quantitative hormonal variation.\n\nSubjects: In one cohort, 107 women contributed a total of 283 menstrual cycles and in the second cohort, 21 women contributed a total of 62 menstrual cycles.\n\nExposure: Women collected first morning urine samples for analysis of estrone-3-glucuronide (E1G) and luteinizing hormone (LH) in both datasets. In the larger dataset, pregnanediol-3-alpha-glucuronide (PDG) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were also collected. Serial ultrasounds identified the precise day of ovulation in the larger dataset. In the smaller dataset, peak LH was used to identify the estimated day of ovulation.\nOutcome measure: The main outcome measure was identifying hormonal variability using hormone array heat maps.\n\nConclusion: Heat maps were able to quickly show clustering of hormone patterns in the fertile window and on the day of ovulation. Individual differences were identified in rows on the heat map relative to the day of ovulation. This new tool to visually represent hormonal changes with heat maps identifies both individual and group variability of menstrual cycle hormones.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Restorative Reproductive Medicine"}},"pageStart":"1","pageEnd":"9","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.63264/qk8aw674","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.63264/qk8aw674"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-association-between-preconception-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-and-gestational-diabetes-mellitus-among-women-with-and-without-pre-pregnancy-hypertension-a-cross-sectional-study-from-utahs-pregnancy-risk-recehrlxyyj873oij/","name":"The association between preconception polycystic ovary syndrome and gestational diabetes mellitus among women with and without pre-pregnancy hypertension: a cross-sectional study from Utah's Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System Survey (2016-2021)","headline":"The association between preconception polycystic ovary syndrome and gestational diabetes mellitus among women with and without pre-pregnancy hypertension: a cross-sectional study from Utah's Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System Survey (2016-2021)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-association-between-preconception-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-and-gestational-diabetes-mellitus-among-women-with-and-without-pre-pregnancy-hypertension-a-cross-sectional-study-from-utahs-pregnancy-risk-recehrlxyyj873oij/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rachel S Myrer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Utah Valley University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02rxpxc98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emmanuel Adediran","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5247-2235","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ellsworth, Amy","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Utah Valley University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02rxpxc98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rachel M Ceballos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3697-0140","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Utah Valley University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02rxpxc98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sharon Talboys","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6517-478X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Utah Valley University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02rxpxc98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jing Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4921-9674","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Utah Valley University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02rxpxc98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amy D Ellsworth","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Utah Valley University."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ivette Lopez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3841-401X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Utah Valley University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02rxpxc98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2025-05-01","abstract":"Objectives: The objective of this study is to test the association between preconception polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) using Utah's Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (2016-2021). In addition, pre-pregnancy hypertension will be tested as a potential effect moderator.\n\nMethods: This cross-sectional study utilizes data from Phase 8 of the Utah Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) survey (2016-2021). The association between PCOS and GDM was tested using Poisson regression to generate adjusted prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals.\n\nResults: PCOS was associated with higher prevalence of GDM in all models, regardless of whether the outcome data (GDM) came from the infant's birth certificate, the PRAMS survey, or the combined measure. When adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, reproductive history, and comorbidities, women with PCOS were 1.50 (1.16-1.95) times as likely to have GDM (reported on birth certificate and/or survey) compared to women without PCOS. Pre-pregnancy hypertension was not found to be a statistically significant effect moderator.\n\nConclusions: The findings from this study were consistent with the majority of research indicating that women with PCOS have increased risk for GDM. This is also the first known study to test pre-pregnancy hypertension as an effect moderator between PCOS and GDM. More research is needed on the role of comorbidities such as chronic hypertension as effect modifiers between PCOS and GDM.\nImplications: These findings show that women with PCOS are at high risk for GDM, among a population-based sample of mothers. Interventions to reduce the risk of GDM among women with PCOS need to be developed and evaluated.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Utah women's health review"}}},"pageStart":"40","pageEnd":"48","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.26054/d-k952-0keb","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.26054/d-k952-0keb"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40575759"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nettle-urtica-dioica-leaves-as-a-novel-food-nutritional-phytochemical-profiles-a-recmpukrwt6uwgept/","name":"\"Nettle (Urtica dioica) leaves as a novel food: Nutritional, phytochemical profiles, and bioactivities\"","headline":"\"Nettle (Urtica dioica) leaves as a novel food: Nutritional, phytochemical profiles, and bioactivities\"","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nettle-urtica-dioica-leaves-as-a-novel-food-nutritional-phytochemical-profiles-a-recmpukrwt6uwgept/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Azhar Hussain","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2900-3024","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Xavier University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f266q65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ankita Dobhal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6063-0405"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Waseem Ahmad","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4451-7605","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Graphic Era University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03wqgqd89"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Umesh Chandra Lohani","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6685-7344"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Khan Chand","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5356-8781"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sanjay Kumar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0662-5864","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Graphic Era University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03wqgqd89"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rishi Richa"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anjali Sahal"}],"datePublished":"2025-05-01","abstract":"Urtica dioica is widely distributed across temperate regions of the world and is highly beneficial and packed with nutritional value including a rich profile of phytochemicals, amino acids, and essential minerals. Due to abundance of these attributes, the nutritional, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties of Urtica dioica were assessed systematically. Additionally, proximate, functional, antinutrient, mineral, polyphenolic compounds, FRAP, and DPPH assays were also examined. The findings revealed that Urtica dioica contains high Mg, Ca, Fe, and Zn. The examined values of DPPH and FRAP showed high antioxidant potential of Urtica dioica. UHPLC and GC-MS analysis confirmed Urtica dioica as an excellent source of phenolic and bioactive compounds. In view of these experimental findings, Urtica dioica can be incorporated into edible coatings and functional foods. Its excellent antimicrobial properties against Gram +ve and Gram -ve bacteria underscore its viability as an excellent source of functional ingredients in edible coatings.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"28","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Food Chemistry: X"}},"pageStart":"102607","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fochx.2025.102607","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fochx.2025.102607"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/abdelkader-hala-f-r3j2mfyb/","name":"Unleashing the pharmacological potential of taste receptors in reproductive processes beyond their gustatory role","headline":"Unleashing the pharmacological potential of taste receptors in reproductive processes beyond their gustatory role","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/abdelkader-hala-f-r3j2mfyb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Magdy N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Abdelkader NF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zaki HF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kamel AS"}],"datePublished":"2025-05-01","abstract":"Traditionally, taste receptors (TRs) have been understood to reside within the taste buds on the tongue, serving as initiators for different taste perceptions. However, recent research has expanded our understanding, revealing that TRs are found throughout the body and perform a wide range of functions beyond taste perception as non-tasting functions. These receptors, along with their genetic variations, have been linked to various human health conditions. They are activated by an array of substances, including hormones, nutrients, and toxins, indicating their involvement in numerous biological processes. Specifically, in males, TRs are notably present in the testes and epididymis, where they contribute to the hormonal production, spermatogenesis, and sperm maturation. In females, these receptors are found in the ovaries, uterus, and myometrium, playing crucial roles in ovulation, menstrual cycle regulation, and embryo implantation. There are a lot of missed areas regarding TRs research that imposes to fulfill the gaps in the current understanding of their role in reproduction. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the emerging roles of extraoral TRs in reproductive health, highlighting their physiological and pathophysiological significance in various reproductive processes. As well, grabbing the attention towards the release of new pharmacological interventions to manage conception and contraception in male and female was considered.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"217","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Steroids"}},"pageStart":"109603","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.steroids.2025.109603","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.steroids.2025.109603"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-endometriosis-and-type-and-age-of-menopause-a-pooled-analysi-recfbgriailfc6qgc/","name":"Association between endometriosis and type and age of menopause: a pooled  analysis of 279 948 women from five cohort studies","headline":"Association between endometriosis and type and age of menopause: a pooled  analysis of 279 948 women from five cohort studies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-endometriosis-and-type-and-age-of-menopause-a-pooled-analysi-recfbgriailfc6qgc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Chung HF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yuki Ideno","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4163-7780","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Gunma University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/046fm7598"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hsin-Fang Chung","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3261-5942","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Queensland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00rqy9422"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Annette J Dobson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4956-0124","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Queensland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00rqy9422"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rebecca Hardy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9949-0799","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Loughborough University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vg4w365"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kunihiko Hayashi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4648-3936","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Gunma University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/046fm7598"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gita D Mishra","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9610-5904","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"School of Public Health University of Queensland Herston QLD Australia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00rqy9422"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sven Sandin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6994-4884","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Karolinska Institutet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056d84691"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elisabete Weiderpass","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2237-0128","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cancer Registry of Norway","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03sm1ej59"}}],"datePublished":"2025-04-30","abstract":"STUDY Question: What is the association between endometriosis and the type and age of menopause?\n\nSUMMARY ANSWER: Women with endometriosis had a 7-fold increased risk of undergoing surgical menopause rather than natural menopause and were more likely to experience premature or early menopause, both surgically and naturally.\n\nWHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Endometriosis is associated with reduced ovarian reserve, but evidence on its relationship with the type of menopause (surgical vs natural) and timing (especially premature and early menopause) is limited. Women with endometriosis are more likely to undergo hysterectomy and/or oophorectomy (either unilateral or bilateral), but the average age of these surgeries remains unclear.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: The study analysed individual-level data from 279 948 women in five cohort studies conducted in the UK, Australia, Sweden, and Japan between 1996 and 2022.\n\nPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, Methods: Women whose menopause type and age could not be determined due to premenopausal hysterectomy with ovarian preservation or use of menopausal hormone therapy were excluded. Endometriosis was identified through self-reports and administrative data. Surgical menopause was defined as premenopausal bilateral oophorectomy. Fine-Gray subdistribution hazard models estimated hazard ratios (HRs) for surgical and natural menopause. Age at menopause was determined by the ages at the final menstrual period or bilateral oophorectomy. Linear regression assessed mean differences in menopause age, while multinomial logistic regression estimated odds ratios (ORs) for categorical menopause age: <40 (premature), 40-44 (early), 45-49, 50-51 (reference), 52-54, and ≥55 years. Spontaneous premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) was defined as natural menopause before age 40 years.\n\nMAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: Endometriosis was identified in 3.7% of women. By the end of follow-up, 7.9% had surgical menopause and 58.2% experienced natural menopause. Using a competing risk model, women with endometriosis had a 7-fold increased risk of surgical menopause (HR: 7.54, 95% CI 6.84, 8.32) and were less likely to experience natural menopause (HR: 0.40, 95% CI 0.33, 0.49). On average, surgical menopause occurred 1.6 years (19 months) earlier (β: -1.59, 95% CI -1.77, -1.42) in women with endometriosis. Among women who experienced natural menopause, it was 0.4 years (5 months) earlier (β: -0.37, 95% CI -0.46, -0.28) for those with endometriosis. Women with endometriosis were twice as likely to experience premature surgical menopause (<40 years) (OR: 2.11, 95% CI 2.02, 2.20) or 1.4 times more likely to develop spontaneous POI (OR: 1.36, 95% CI 1.17, 1.59). They were also at increased odds of early surgical and natural menopause (40-44 years).\n\nLIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: This study could not differentiate between subtypes and stages of endometriosis or assess treatments for ovarian endometrioma, which may impact ovarian reserve. Self-reported menopause type and age could introduce recall bias.\n\nWIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE Findings: Given the consistent findings across individual studies, our results are likely to be generalizable to different populations, highlighting the need for tailored management of endometriosis to prevent medically induced or premature menopause. Long-term monitoring of women with endometriosis is recommended, given their elevated risk of surgical menopause and premature or early menopause, which are associated with adverse health outcomes in later life. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S): The InterLACE Consortium is funded by the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council project grant (APP1027196) and Centres of Research Excellence (APP1153420). G.D.M. is funded by the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council Leadership Fellowship (APP2009577). This research is funded in part by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS KAKENHI: 19KK0235, 23KK0167). The authors have no conflict of interest. Where authors are identified as personnel of the International Agency for Research on Cancer or WHO, the authors alone are responsible for the views expressed in this article, and they do not necessarily represent the decisions, policy, or views of the International Agency for Research on Cancer or WHO.\n\nTRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: N/A.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"40","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1210","pageEnd":"1219","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deaf068","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136808523"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/deaf068"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40304605"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q136808523"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/maternal-vaginal-and-fecal-microbiota-in-later-pregnancy-contribute-to-child-fecal-microbiota-development-in-the-echo-cohort-recgwxewcdombzh1p/","name":"Maternal vaginal and fecal microbiota in later pregnancy contribute to child fecal microbiota development in the ECHO cohort","headline":"Maternal vaginal and fecal microbiota in later pregnancy contribute to child fecal microbiota development in the ECHO cohort","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/maternal-vaginal-and-fecal-microbiota-in-later-pregnancy-contribute-to-child-fecal-microbiota-development-in-the-echo-cohort-recgwxewcdombzh1p/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Liu T, Kress AM, Debelius J, Zhao N, Smirnova E, Bandyopadhyay S, Bonham K, Comstock SS, Gill S, Gern JE, Koinis-Mitchell D, Klepac-Ceraj V, Lee-Sarwar K, Litonjua AA, McKee K, McCauley K, O'Connor TG, Rosas-Salazar C, Scheible K, Stanford JB, Moore B, Jacobson LP, Mueller NT, program collaborators for Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes"}],"datePublished":"2025-04-18","abstract":"There is growing interest in the use of microbial-seeding interventions to mitigate the impacts of prenatal antibiotics, C-section, and lack of breastfeeding on mother-child microbe sharing. However, the relative importance of maternal vaginal vs. fecal microbiota in this process is unclear. Analyzing 16S rRNA sequences from five US birth cohorts, we found that maternal vaginal and fecal microbiota became more similar as pregnancy progressed, and both niches influenced the child's fecal microbiota. The relative contribution of maternal vaginal microbiota increased when vaginal sampling occurred later in gestation. As children aged from birth to 5 years, their fecal microbiota increasingly resembled their mother's fecal microbiota as compared to vaginal microbiota. Patterns of sharing appeared to differ by prenatal antibiotic use, birth mode (C-section vs. vaginal), and breastfeeding. Our findings enhance understanding of niche-specific mother-child microbe sharing and may inform microbial-seeding interventions. Metagenomic studies are needed to identify specific shared strains.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"28","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"iScience"}}},"pageStart":"112211","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2025.112211","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.isci.2025.112211"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40241748"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/surgery-in-restorative-reproductive-medicine-rec9rblusdodmz3uy/","name":"Surgery in Restorative Reproductive Medicine","headline":"Surgery in Restorative Reproductive Medicine","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/surgery-in-restorative-reproductive-medicine-rec9rblusdodmz3uy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}}],"datePublished":"2025-04-17","abstract":"Restorative reproductive surgery has emerged to become an exciting and promising field of surgery that can transform the way that we treat patients, especially regarding fertility. As a prime example of this type of surgery, restorative reproductive surgery for endometriosis, a common and debilitating disease that can lead to infertility and pelvic pain, offers a root cause treatment to remove the actual disease and to optimize the reproductive anatomy, for best patient outcomes. Optimal excision of endometriosis and prevention of pelvic adhesions has been shown to lead to reduce symptoms, to lead to high natural fertility rates, and to lead to very low rates of the need for repeat surgery. Patients have improved symptoms and quality of life, in addition to improved fertility chances for one and subsequent pregnancies (if desired), demonstrating the link between wellness and fertility.\nThere is an urgent need for more resources, training, advocacy, research and publication for this exciting area of restorative reproductive surgery. Its time has come.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Restorative Reproductive Medicine"}},"pageStart":"1","pageEnd":"4","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.63264/v8yt9r80","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.63264/v8yt9r80"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ibuprofen-for-menstrual-cramps-reclzwv5bfbxy3zaw/","name":"Ibuprofen for menstrual cramps","headline":"Ibuprofen for menstrual cramps","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ibuprofen-for-menstrual-cramps-reclzwv5bfbxy3zaw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2025-04-17","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"http://isrctn.com/"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1186/isrctn15551486","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/isrctn15551486"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/energy-intake-and-appetite-in-laboratory-and-free-living-conditions-are-consiste-recsrxttbxqrj4drz/","name":"Energy Intake and Appetite in Laboratory and Free-Living Conditions are Consistent Across Menstrual Cycle Phases","headline":"Energy Intake and Appetite in Laboratory and Free-Living Conditions are Consistent Across Menstrual Cycle Phases","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/energy-intake-and-appetite-in-laboratory-and-free-living-conditions-are-consiste-recsrxttbxqrj4drz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarah Purcell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6745-3771","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan Little","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9878-6977","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Southern Medical Program, Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention and Management, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada; Faculty of Health and Social Development, ..."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan P. Little","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9796-2008","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maryam Aghayan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6768-0213","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hephzibah Bomide","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tamara R Cohen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9773-9965","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Miranda Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9372-1381","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Pathology, Southern Regional Area Health Education Center, Fayetteville, North Carolina, USA.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0036ate90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zoë Soon","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04241wz75"}}],"datePublished":"2025-04-17","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"SSRN Electronic Journal"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5219888","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2139/ssrn.5219888"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/potential-relationship-of-the-gut-microbiome-with-testosterone-level-in-men-a-sy-rec1f5e6qbkcqiouq/","name":"Potential relationship of the gut microbiome with testosterone level in men: a systematic review","headline":"Potential relationship of the gut microbiome with testosterone level in men: a systematic review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/potential-relationship-of-the-gut-microbiome-with-testosterone-level-in-men-a-sy-rec1f5e6qbkcqiouq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Cennikon Pakpahan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0157-1131","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Airlangga University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04ctejd88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Geraldo Laurus","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4232-4797","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Airlangga University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04ctejd88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Singh Rajender","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4592-6566","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Central Drug Research Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04t8qjg16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andri Rezano","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2550-8794","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Padjadjaran University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00xqf8t64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Darmadi Darmadi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Sumatra","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01kknrc90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Markus Christian Hartanto","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Airlangga University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04ctejd88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ankur Saharan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ritesh Singh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8818-9677","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Michigan State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gito Wasian","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Indonesia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0116zj450"}}],"datePublished":"2025-04-15","abstract":"The gut microbiome influences the metabolism and health of several organs beyond the gut and has recently gained considerable attention. The gut plays a central role in food digestion, absorption, nutrition, and general health. Hence, the gut microbiome has become a research subject for almost all health conditions. Imbalance or dysbiosis in the gut microbiome can cause different health issues in men, including reproductive and sexual health issues associated with testosterone levels. Several studies have investigated the relationship between the gut microbiome and testosterone levels. In this systematic review, we aimed to examine the relationship between the gut microbiome and testosterone levels in men. Literature searches were conducted by scanning PubMed, ProQuest, EBSCO, Taylor & Francis Online, Wiley Online, Springer Link, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Science Direct databases for relevant keywords following the preferred reporting items for the systematic review guidelines. This review included cross-sectional, case-control, retrospective, and prospective cohort studies. Quality assessment was conducted using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. We found a significant positive correlation between the gut microbiome and testosterone levels in men. Several microbes play substantial roles in testosterone production. Mechanisms have been proposed as factors that contribute to testosterone levels, namely the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis modulation, androgen metabolism, and intestinal homeostasis, by balancing the bone morphogenic protein (BMP) and the Wnt diverse microbiome. Ruminococcus showed a stronger correlation with testosterone levels than other microorganisms. The gut microbiome has complex correlations with testosterone metabolism. However, the microbiome with the most significant influence on testosterone levels cannot be easily identified and requires further research.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"PeerJ"}},"pageStart":"e19289","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.19289","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.7717/peerj.19289"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gut-microbiota-a-hidden-player-in-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-txdljnv2/","name":"Gut microbiota: a hidden player in polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"Gut microbiota: a hidden player in polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gut-microbiota-a-hidden-player-in-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-txdljnv2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Senthilkumar H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arumugam M"}],"datePublished":"2025-04-15","abstract":"Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder that affects reproductive-aged women worldwide, causing hormonal imbalances and ovarian dysfunction. PCOS affects metabolic health and increases the risk of obesity, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular disease, in addition to infertility. This review delves deeper into the connections of gut microbiota with PCOS pathophysiology, particularly into its impact on hormone metabolism, obesity, inflammation, and insulin resistance by way of short-chain fatty acids, lipopolysaccharides, and gut-brain axis. Studies also show that changes in the metabolic processes and immune responses are seen in changes in the gut microbiota in PCOS subjects, such as changes in the Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes groups. Some bacteria, like Escherichia and Shigella, have been associated with dysbiosis in patients with PCOS, leading to systemic inflammation and changed hormone levels, which further worsen the clinical symptoms. Therapeutic interventions targeting the gut microbiota comprise probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation; these have potential to alleviate the symptoms of PCOS. Other precision microbiome-based therapies include postbiotics, and CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing, which are relatively new avenues toward precision treatment. This complex interlink of gut microbiota and PCOS pathophysiology will open the avenues for possible treatments for hormonal imbalances and metabolic problems that characterize these complex disorders. The review here focuses on the requirement of further studies to be able to elucidate the specific pathways relating gut microbiota dysregulation to PCOS and, thus, improve microbiome-based therapies for better clinical outcomes in affected individuals.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"23","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of translational medicine"}}},"pageStart":"443","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-025-06315-7","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s12967-025-06315-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40234859"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-and-cancer-what-is-the-connection-recpd8o1cgwcpoh9t/","name":"Endometriosis and Cancer: What is the Connection?","headline":"Endometriosis and Cancer: What is the Connection?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-and-cancer-what-is-the-connection-recpd8o1cgwcpoh9t/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Pierluigi Giampaolino","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5956-544X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Naples Federico II","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05290cv24"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michela Dell’Aquila","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2144-539X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Naples Federico II","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05290cv24"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pierlorenzo Pallante","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7319-684X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute for Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sn06036"}}],"datePublished":"2025-04-07","pageStart":"445","pageEnd":"448","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/commentary-on-infertility-and-restorative-reproductive-medicine-recdtfpdxhn1mccd7/","name":"Commentary On Infertility and Restorative Reproductive Medicine","headline":"Commentary On Infertility and Restorative Reproductive Medicine","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/commentary-on-infertility-and-restorative-reproductive-medicine-recdtfpdxhn1mccd7/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"José Antonio Arraztoa","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad de Los Andes, Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03v0qd864"}}],"datePublished":"2025-04-06","abstract":"In 1972, a seminal article was published demonstrating that women, adequately trained, could detect the approach of ovulation in the fertile window of their menstrual cycle. It was demonstrated that the symptoms perceived by women at the vulva correlate closely with changes in steroid hormone levels associated with folliculogenesis and the luteal phase. The fertility charting performed by women trained to recognize vulvar symptoms associated with hormonal changes serves as an instrument for detecting potential pathologies and monitoring the effects of treatment These findings established the biological foundations of a tool of fertility awareness tracking that has facilitated the development of restorative reproductive medicine (RRM): an approach that can be applied to identify and treat the underlying causes of infertility/subfertility.\nSeveral core characteristics—or foundational pillars—of the RRM approach to fertility can be identified. These include: a commitment to respecting healthy physiological processes, comprehensive health care for both the couple and the potential embryo, and the provision of education and continuous support throughout the therapeutic process.\nThis commentary aims to elucidate the interplay of these foundational pillars by drawing upon evidence from peer-reviewed biomedical literature. Finally, the challenges faced by RRM in strengthening its scientific foundations, engaging with the broader scientific community, and promoting the dissemination of this approach are described.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Restorative Reproductive Medicine"}},"pageStart":"1","pageEnd":"5","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.63264/7eg52623","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.63264/7eg52623"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/identification-of-an-aryl-hydrocarbon-receptor-agonistic-dispersed-dye-in-commer-6r3zms7r/","name":"Identification of an aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonistic disperse dye in commercially available textile products by effect-directed analysis","headline":"Identification of an aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonistic disperse dye in commercially available textile products by effect-directed analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/identification-of-an-aryl-hydrocarbon-receptor-agonistic-dispersed-dye-in-commer-6r3zms7r/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Nishi I"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yoshitomi T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nakano F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Uemura H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kawakami T"}],"datePublished":"2025-04-01","abstract":"Textile products contain various chemicals, making safety evaluation complex. We conducted an exploratory investigation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonists in textile products using effect-directed analysis (EDA), which combines biological assays and chemical analysis. A cell-based assay was employed to detect the activation of the AhR, using a cell line that expresses the AhR-responsive luciferase gene. Testing the extracts of 10 commercially available textile products revealed high AhR agonistic activities in two of them. To identify the specific AhR agonist in one product, the sample was fractionated using chemical techniques. The active fractions were further separated using liquid chromatography. Confirmation of the active component was achieved through Orbitrap-liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (MS), which matched the retention time and tandem MS spectrum with the standard for Disperse Violet 93:1. It has also been confirmed that Disperse Violet 93:1 activates the AhR in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, the AhR agonistic properties of other disperse dyes were examined, leading to the discovery of Disperse Blue 291 and Disperse Blue 373 as AhR agonists. These disperse dyes had not been previously recognized as AhR agonists. Textile products have received little attention as potential sources of exposure to AhR agonists. Activation of the AhR has both positive and negative effects on human health. Therefore, conducting detailed exposure assessments and toxicity evaluations is crucial to comprehensively assess the health risks associated with these substances. The identification of disperse dyes that activate the AhR suggests that it is now possible to conduct these detailed assessments in the future.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"375","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Chemosphere"}},"pageStart":"144247","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144247","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144247"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/spermatozoa-as-harbingers-of-mortality-the-curious-link-between-semen-quality-an-arnxbjdk/","name":"Spermatozoa as harbingers of mortality: the curious link between semen quality and life expectancy","headline":"Spermatozoa as harbingers of mortality: the curious link between semen quality and life expectancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/spermatozoa-as-harbingers-of-mortality-the-curious-link-between-semen-quality-an-arnxbjdk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Aitken RJ"}],"datePublished":"2025-04-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"40","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"580","pageEnd":"584","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deaf027","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/deaf027"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40037897"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/childrens-executive-functioning-and-health-behaviors-across-pediatric-life-stage-recvb41v09maiwubi/","name":"Children’s executive functioning and health behaviors across pediatric life stages and ecological contexts","headline":"Children’s executive functioning and health behaviors across pediatric life stages and ecological contexts","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/childrens-executive-functioning-and-health-behaviors-across-pediatric-life-stage-recvb41v09maiwubi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kelly NR, Kosty D, Bodovski Y, Blackwell CK, Ganiban JM, Neiderhiser JM, Dabelea D, Gilbert-Diamond D, Aschner JL, Bastain TM, Breton CV, Bush NR, Calub CA, Camargo CA, Camerota M, Croen LA, Elliott AJ, Enlow MB, Ferrara A, Hartert T, Joseph RM, Karagas MR, Kelly RS, Lyall K, Magee KE, McEvoy CT, Merced-Nieves FM, O’Connor TG, Santarossa S, Schantz SL, Schmidt RJ, Stanford JB, Straughen JK, Stroustrup A, Talge NM, Wright RJ, Zhao Q, Leve LD, Smith PB, Newby KL, Adair L, Catellier D, Jacobson L, Cella D, Gershon R, Teitelbaum SL, Merhar S, Lampland A, Reynolds A, Hudak M, Pryhuber G, Moore P, Washburn L, Trasande L, Gatzke-Kopp L, Swingler M, Mansbach JM, Spergel JM, Samuels-Kalow ME, Stevenson MD, Bauer CS, Mitchell DK, Deoni S, D’Sa V, Duarte CS, Monk C, Posner J, Canino G, Gern J, Zoratti E, Johnson C, Farzan S, Habre R, Hertz-Picciotto I, Hipwell A, Keenan K, Karr C, Tylavsky F, Mason A, Sathyanarayana S, Lester B, Carter B, Pastyrnak S, Neal C, Smith L, Helderman J, Leve L, Weiss ST, Litonjua A, O’Connor G, Zeiger R, Bacharier L, Tepper R, Volk H, Landa R, Ozonoff S, Miller RK, Simhan H, Buss C, Wadhwa P, Huff K, O’Shea M, Vaidya R, Obeid R, Rollins C, Bear K, Lenski M, Singh R, Msall M, Frazier J, Gogcu S, Montgomery A, Kuban K, Douglass L, Jara H, Kerver JM, Barone C, Fussman C, Paneth N, Elliott M, Ruden D, Woodruff T, Porucznik C, Giardino A, Huddleston K, Nguyen R, Barrett E, LeWinn KZ, Swan S"}],"datePublished":"2025-04-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"48","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Behavioral Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"230","pageEnd":"250","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-024-00543-w","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s10865-024-00543-w"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-with-sensorineural-hearing-loss-a-syste-zns4e85q/","name":"Association of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome With Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","headline":"Association of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome With Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-with-sensorineural-hearing-loss-a-syste-zns4e85q/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Chen TY"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Melissa J Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5428-6831","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Davis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lien KH"}],"datePublished":"2025-04-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: Despite certain studies indicating hearing impairments in individuals with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the correlation between PCOS and sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) remains inconclusive. This study aimed to investigate the association between PCOS and SNHL.\n\nDATA SOURCES: A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library from inception to June 24, 2024.\n\nREVIEW METHODS: This meta-analysis included cross-sectional, case-control, or cohort studies examining the association between PCOS and SNHL without language or regional restrictions. Case reports, case series, animal studies, and in vitro studies were excluded. We adhered to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines and utilized the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale to assess the risk of bias in the included studies.\n\nRESULTS: After performing the systematic review, we conducted a meta-analysis that included 489 patients from 5 studies: 349 patients with PCOS and 140 age- and sex-matched controls without PCOS. The meta-analysis compared the mean differences in frequency-specific pure-tone thresholds between patients with PCOS and matched controls, providing 95% confidence intervals for these differences. Given the expected clinical heterogeneity, we employed the DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model. Our results revealed significant hearing loss at specific frequencies (1000, 4000, 8000, 10,000, 12,000, 14,000, 16,000, 18,000, and 20,000 Hz) in the PCOS group compared to the control group (P < .05). Furthermore, the degree of hearing loss is greater at higher frequencies.\n\nCONCLUSION: This meta-analysis demonstrated an association between PCOS and SNHL, particularly at higher frequencies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"172","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery"}}},"pageStart":"1121","pageEnd":"1132","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ohn.1081","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/ohn.1081"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39720938"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/optimizing-air-quality-monitoring-comparative-analysis-of-linear-regression-and--reccpcur6a8blkuxq/","name":"Optimizing Air Quality Monitoring: Comparative Analysis of Linear Regression and Machine Learning in Low-Cost Sensor Calibration","headline":"Optimizing Air Quality Monitoring: Comparative Analysis of Linear Regression and Machine Learning in Low-Cost Sensor Calibration","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/optimizing-air-quality-monitoring-comparative-analysis-of-linear-regression-and--reccpcur6a8blkuxq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Runcheng Fang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9423-251X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Utah Department of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/034de1n65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Scott C. Collingwood","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1249-0145","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yue Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4745-8038","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Darrah K. Sleeth","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8519-9092","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christina A Porucznik","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1973-2917","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2025-04-01","abstract":"Background Low-cost sensors (LCS) are widely used for air quality monitoring, but their accuracy depends on proper calibration. This study compares linear regression (LR) and machine learning (ML) techniques, particularly random forest (RF), to determine optimal calibration strategies. Objectives This study aims to compare the effectiveness of LR and RF models in calibrating the Plantower PMS 3003 sensor under different environmental conditions. It also explores ways to streamline calibration efforts while maintaining accuracy. Methods Sensor data were collected in a controlled laboratory setting, with measurements compared against a reference monitor. LR and RF models were developed to calibrate the sensor, and their performance was evaluated based on RMSE, R2, and bias. Additionally, the study examined whether using fewer sensors for training could still produce reliable calibration models. Results Both LR and RF models demonstrated strong calibration performance. LR models were effective for low to moderate PM2.5 concentrations and required fewer computational resources, making them suitable for large-scale monitoring with limited resources. RF models captured nonlinear relationships, showing superior accuracy at high PM concentrations and in conditions with high relative humidity. The findings suggest that LR models trained on smaller datasets can achieve practical accuracy, reducing the need for extensive individual sensor calibration. Conclusions The selection of a calibration model should be guided by study-specific requirements, including environmental conditions and resource availability. LR models are recommended for large-scale studies with constrained resources, while RF models may offer advantages in high-exposure environments due to their ability to model complex interactions. This study is the first to explore reducing sensor calibration efforts while maintaining accuracy, highlighting the potential for optimized strategies in resource-limited settings. Future research should validate these findings in real-world deployments to further refine calibration models for LCS applications. Graphical Abstract","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"25","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1-4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Aerosol and Air Quality Research"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44408-025-00009-x","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s44408-025-00009-x"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/validating-at-home-urinary-hormone-measurements-in-postpartum-and-perimenopause--recozutgx6zslrvad/","name":"Validating At-Home Urinary Hormone Measurements in Postpartum and Perimenopause Fertility Transitions","headline":"Validating At-Home Urinary Hormone Measurements in Postpartum and Perimenopause Fertility Transitions","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/validating-at-home-urinary-hormone-measurements-in-postpartum-and-perimenopause--recozutgx6zslrvad/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Patricia K. Doyle–Baker","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9296-8921","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Calgary","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paul J Yong","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5521-3052","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nuffield Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01w2zd907"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Schneider","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8090-4971","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas P Bouchard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5774-0286","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Calgary","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}}],"datePublished":"2025-03-28","abstract":"Background: Measuring quantitative menstrual cycle hormones at home may help women better understand their postpartum and perimenopause fertility transitions, but these quantitative fertility monitors require validation.\n\nMaterials and Methods: This study included 16 North American women, aged 28-51, during either the postpartum (n = 8, cycles = 18) or perimenopause (n = 8, cycles = 35) fertility transitions testing daily first-morning urine testing with both the Mira Monitor and ClearBlue Fertility Monitor (CBFM) along with menstrual cycle parameter tracking. The main outcome measures were a rise in estrone-3-glucuronide (E13G) and luteinizing hormone (LH) urine hormone values from the Mira monitor correlated to low, high, or peak values on the CBFM.\n\nResults: Both in the postpartum and perimenopause transitions, the identification of the day of ovulation based on the LH surge on the Mira and CBFM monitors was highly correlated (R = 0.94 and 0.83, p < 0.001). The E13G levels on the Mira monitor were significantly higher for a CBFM reading of \"High\" compared with \"Low\" for both the postpartum and perimenopausal cycles (all p < 0.001). Similarly, the LH levels on the Mira monitor were significantly higher for a CBFM reading of \"Peak\" (LH surge) compared with \"High\" for both the postpartum and perimenopausal cycles (all p < 0.001).\n\nConclusions: The LH surge and levels of E13G in urine identified on the quantitative Mira fertility monitor strongly correlate to the LH surge and the shift from low to high on the CBFM during the postpartum and perimenopause transitions.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Women's health reports (New Rochelle, N.Y.)"}}},"pageStart":"369","pageEnd":"376","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1089/whr.2024.0157","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q140374743"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1089/whr.2024.0157"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40308373"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q140374743"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ectopic-pregnancy-recsaemq5sfuzrgzk/","name":"Ectopic Pregnancy","headline":"Ectopic Pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ectopic-pregnancy-recsaemq5sfuzrgzk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Vadakekut ES"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gnugnoli DM"}],"datePublished":"2025-03-27","abstract":"Ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilized egg implants outside the uterine cavity, a condition that affects approximately 1% to 2% of pregnancies in the United States. Ectopic pregnancy is a potentially life-threatening condition and accounts for 2.7% of pregnancy-related deaths. Most ectopic pregnancies (approximately 97%) occur within the fallopian tube, commonly linked to underlying fallopian tube abnormalities. Such abnormalities may result from prior infections (eg, gonorrhea or chlamydia), tubal surgeries (including sterilization), prior ectopic pregnancies, or exposure to diethylstilbestrol in utero. Additional risk factors include conception while using intrauterine devices (IUDs) or progesterone-only contraceptives. Although rare, ectopic pregnancies can also occur outside the fallopian tube, such as in the cervix, ovary, abdomen, uterine cornua, or cesarean scars. These extratubal ectopic pregnancies are less likely to be associated with the typical risk factors or tubal pathology, making their diagnosis and management particularly challenging. Regardless of the location, early detection is critical for conservative treatment and improving outcomes. Ectopic pregnancy often causes lower abdominal pain, typically on one side, along with vaginal bleeding. Symptoms like dizziness, fainting, shoulder pain, or severe pelvic pain may indicate a ruptured ectopic pregnancy. However, these signs can mimic other conditions, eg, early normal intrauterine pregnancy, miscarriage, ovarian cyst rupture, or appendicitis. Therefore, differentiating ectopic pregnancy from conditions with similar clinical features can be difficult, making prompt medical evaluation crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment. Management primarily aims to preserve fertility, improve diagnostic accuracy, and provide psychological support. Treatment varies, depending on clinical stability, ectopic location, beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) levels, and ultrasound findings ranging from expectant management to surgical interventions. In select cases, nonsurgical treatment with methotrexate may be effective, especially when pregnancies are diagnosed early and meet specific criteria. However, medical treatment is less likely to succeed in cases involving larger masses, high β-hCG levels, or visible embryos. Advanced or ruptured cases typically require urgent surgical intervention.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"StatPearls [Internet]"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-of-open-label-placebos-for-premenstrual-syndrome-a-randomised-controlle-recyxhxmxpc3qvfxq/","name":"Efficacy of open-label placebos for premenstrual syndrome: a randomised  controlled trial","headline":"Efficacy of open-label placebos for premenstrual syndrome: a randomised  controlled trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-of-open-label-placebos-for-premenstrual-syndrome-a-randomised-controlle-recyxhxmxpc3qvfxq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Frey Nascimento A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jens Gaab","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9194-8491","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Basel","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02s6k3f65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dilan Sezer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4751-8387","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Basel","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02s6k3f65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarah Buergler","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5377-7505","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Basel","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02s6k3f65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrea H Meyer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2761-6107","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Basel","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02s6k3f65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Irving Kirsch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1215-4061","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joe Kossowsky","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6272-6259","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cosima Locher","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9660-0590","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Zurich","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02crff812"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bojana Degen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Basel","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02s6k3f65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Antje Frey Nascimento","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7907-0439","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Basel","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02s6k3f65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anja Holder","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Basel","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02s6k3f65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mareike Rytz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Basel","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02s6k3f65"}}],"datePublished":"2025-03-26","abstract":"Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of open-label placebos (OLP) in premenstrual syndrome (PMS).\nDesign: Randomised controlled trial.\nSetting: Switzerland, 2018-2020.\n\nParticipants: 150 women (18-45 years of age) with PMS or premenstrual dysphoric disorder.\n\nIntervention: Random assignment (1:1:1) to treatment as usual (TAU), OLP without treatment rationale (OLP-), or OLP with treatment rationale (OLP+). OLP consisted of two placebo pills per day for 6 weeks.\n\nMain Outcome Measures: Primary outcomes were PMS symptom intensity and interference between groups across three menstrual cycles (MC1-MC3); adverse events (ie, safety) were measured at weeks 3 and 6 after the start of the intervention. Secondary outcomes were psychological and somatic subscales of PMS symptom intensity, and adherence.\n\nResults: From 2 August 2018 to 3 December 2020,","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"30","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ Evidence-based Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"295","pageEnd":"304","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjebm-2024-112875","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmjebm-2024-112875"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40132912"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/2025-canadian-guideline-for-physical-activity-sedentary-behaviour-and-sleep-thro-3hsyrqvf/","name":"2025 Canadian guideline for physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep throughout the first year post partum","headline":"2025 Canadian guideline for physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep throughout the first year post partum","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/2025-canadian-guideline-for-physical-activity-sedentary-behaviour-and-sleep-thro-3hsyrqvf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Davenport MH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ruchat SM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jaramillo Garcia A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mohammed Usman Ali","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9266-2065","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Forte M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Beamish N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fleming K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Adamo KB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brunet-Pagé É"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chari R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lane KN"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mottola MF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neil-Sztramko SE"}],"datePublished":"2025-03-25","abstract":"This consensus aims to provide guidance for postpartum women and people, healthcare providers and exercise professionals on physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep throughout the first year postpartum. The development of this guideline followed the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology and the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II instrument. The Guideline Consensus Panel consisted of representatives from key professional groups, researchers and methodological experts. Literature was retrieved through searches of 12 online databases, and articles on maternal physical activity, sedentary behaviour or sleep in the first year after childbirth were eligible for inclusion if they reported on any of 21 maternal or infant health outcomes, which were prioritised considering the preferences and values of postpartum individuals. There was no restriction on language, and all study designs were eligible except for case studies. The certainty of evidence was rated using GRADE. This evidence review produced seven systematic reviews, which informed this consensus statement. A Delphi process was conducted to identify relative contraindications to postpartum moderate-intensity to vigorous-intensity physical activity, which informed the development of the Get Active Questionnaire for Postpartum. Evidence to decision tables were developed, and feedback on the recommendations was solicited from end users (healthcare providers, exercise professionals, researchers, policy organisations and postpartum women and people). Adhering to these consensus recommendations for postpartum women and people is likely to result in large improvements in psychological well-being, as well as pelvic, musculoskeletal and cardiometabolic health, and reduced fatigue, while not experiencing adverse events (moderate certainty evidence). Most end users indicated that following these recommendations would be feasible, acceptable and equitable, and likely to require minimal resources from individual and health systems perspectives. PROSPERO registration number CRD42022359282.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British journal of sports medicine"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-109785","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-109785"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40139673"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/higher-pregnancy-success-rates-in-patients-with-diminished-ovarian-reserve-40-ye-vybbjkot/","name":"Higher Pregnancy Success Rates in Patients with Diminished Ovarian Reserve < 40 Years When Initially Treated by Intrauterine Insemination with Mild Ovarian Stimulation Compared to In Vitro Fertilization Alone: A Pilot Study","headline":"Higher Pregnancy Success Rates in Patients with Diminished Ovarian Reserve < 40 Years When Initially Treated by Intrauterine Insemination with Mild Ovarian Stimulation Compared to In Vitro Fertilization Alone: A Pilot Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/higher-pregnancy-success-rates-in-patients-with-diminished-ovarian-reserve-40-ye-vybbjkot/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Deneer JJM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Le Cessie S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Evert J. P. van Santbrink","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3850-0206","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Erasmus MC","sameAs":"https://ror.org/018906e22"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"van der Westerlaken LAJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lashley EELO"}],"datePublished":"2025-03-25","abstract":"For women with idiopathic diminished ovarian reserve (DOR), direct start with IVF has been suggested to potentially shorten the time to pregnancy. Others however prefer intra-uterine insemination with ovarian stimulation (IUI + OS) due to the expected low response in IVF. In this pilot study, we determined the effect of these two strategies in women with DOR < 40 years. From a retrospective cohort, we included 135 women that met the diagnostic criteria of DOR. Patients were randomly referred to two different outpatient clinics in the Netherlands between 2012-2018 because of subfertility. Primary outcome was clinical pregnancy; secondary outcomes included ongoing pregnancies, live births, time to pregnancy and pregnancy-related complications. An instrumental variable analysis was used to assess the average effect of treatment with IUI + OS followed by IVF (protocol A) compared to IVF alone (protocol B) and correct for (unknown) confounders. Treatment protocol A was performed in 72.6% patients in Centre 1 and 30.6% in Centre 2. In Centre 1 61.6% (45/73) women had a clinical pregnancy compared to 41.9% (26/62) in Centre 2 (difference 19.7% (95% CI 3.1%-36.3%), p = 0.02). Early miscarriage occurred in 24% of the women in Centre 1 in comparison to 45% of the women in Centre 2. There were no significant differences in pregnancy-related complications. This pilot study suggests that women < 40 with DOR, if treated with IUI + OS followed by IVF, have higher estimated cumulative clinical pregnancy success, with a trend towards higher ongoing pregnancies and live births, in comparison to women treated with IVF alone.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproductive Sciences"}}},"pageStart":"2010","pageEnd":"2018","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s43032-025-01830-w","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37094669"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s43032-025-01830-w"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37094669"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/antiphospholipid-syndrome-in-pregnancy-a-comprehensive-literature-review-7cp9lkdz/","name":"Antiphospholipid syndrome in pregnancy: a comprehensive literature review","headline":"Antiphospholipid syndrome in pregnancy: a comprehensive literature review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/antiphospholipid-syndrome-in-pregnancy-a-comprehensive-literature-review-7cp9lkdz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Murvai VR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Galiș R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Panaitescu A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Radu CM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ghitea TC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Trif P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Onița-Avram M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vesa AA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Huniadi A"}],"datePublished":"2025-03-24","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disorder associated with thrombotic events and adverse obstetric outcomes, particularly in its obstetric form (OAPS). Affecting approximately 0.5% of the population, APS is a leading contributor to recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), preeclampsia (PE), and fetal growth restriction ((FGR). Despite advancements in understanding its pathophysiology and management, optimal treatment strategies for APS in pregnancy remain challenging and require systematic evaluation. This review synthesizes current evidence on APS mechanisms, diagnostic criteria, and therapeutic interventions, with a focus on maternal and fetal outcomes in OAPS.\n\nMETHODS: A comprehensive search of PubMed, was conducted to identify studies exploring APS pathogenesis, diagnostic standards, and treatment efficacy in obstetric settings. Inclusion criteria prioritized randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and systematic reviews with a clear focus on APS and pregnancy.\n\nRESULTS: The review confirmed that APS current accepted pathogenesis is governed by a \"two-hit\" model, where antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) initiate endothelial damage, culminating in thrombosis and placental insufficiency. Epidemiological analysis underscores the prevalence and severity of APS in obstetric contexts, with lupus anticoagulant (LA) emerging as a significant predictor of adverse outcomes. Evidence supports the use of low-dose aspirin (LDA) and heparin to reduce miscarriage rates, while adjunctive treatments, such as hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), have shown promise in improving live birth rates and reducing preterm delivery in high-risk cases. Emerging therapies, including tumoral necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) inhibitors and nitric oxide modulators, may offer additional benefits in refractory cases.\n\nCONCLUSION: APS remains a critical determinant of adverse pregnancy outcomes, necessitating precise diagnostic criteria and tailored management approaches. This systematic review emphasizes the importance of individualized therapeutic regimens to optimize maternal and fetal health in OAPS and highlights areas for future research, particularly regarding novel pharmacological approaches. Further studies are essential to refine treatment protocols and improve clinical guidelines for managing APS in pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"25","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMC pregnancy and childbirth"}}},"pageStart":"337","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-025-07471-w","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s12884-025-07471-w"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40128683"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-association-of-prenatal-dietary-factors-with-child-autism-diagnosis-and-auti-rec1rksxhtp7mmk0d/","name":"The association of prenatal dietary factors with child autism diagnosis and  autism-related traits using a mixtures approach: Results from the ECHO Cohort","headline":"The association of prenatal dietary factors with child autism diagnosis and  autism-related traits using a mixtures approach: Results from the ECHO Cohort","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-association-of-prenatal-dietary-factors-with-child-autism-diagnosis-and-auti-rec1rksxhtp7mmk0d/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bragg MG, Rando J, Carroll KN, Eick SM, Karagas MR, Lin PI, Schmidt RJ, Lyall K"}],"datePublished":"2025-03-20","abstract":"Background: Previous research on the role of maternal diet in relation to autism has focused on examining individual nutrient associations. Few studies have examined associations with multiple nutrients using mixtures approaches, which may better reflect true exposure scenarios.\n\nObjective: To examine associations of nutrient mixtures with children's autism diagnosis and traits scores within a large, diverse population.\n\nMethods: Participants were drawn from the US Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) consortium. Maternal prenatal diet was reported via validated food frequency questionnaires. Children's autism-related traits were measured using the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) and autism diagnoses were from parent report of physician diagnosis. Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) was used to examine the overall mixture effect and interactions between a set of 5 primary nutrients (folate, vitamin D, omega 3 and omega 6 fatty acids, and iron), adjusted for potential confounders, in relationship to child outcomes. Secondary analyses were conducted in a subset of cohorts with an expanded set of 14 nutrients. Traditional linear and logistic regression models were also run for comparison of results to mixture models.\n\nResults: 2,614 participants drawn from 7 ECHO cohorts were included in primary analysis. Mixture analyses suggested that increasing the overall 5-nutrient mixture was associated with lower SRS scores. Individual U-shaped associations and bivariate interactions between folate and omega 3 fatty acids were suggested. In the subset included in the secondary analyses of the 14-nutrient mixture, a modest inverse trend remained, but individual nutrient associations were altered, with vitamin D demonstrating higher relative importance than other nutrients. Strong associations with autism diagnosis were not observed.\n\nConclusion: In this large sample, we found evidence for combined nutrient effects with broader autism-related traits. Because results for individual nutrients were sensitive to mixture components, replication of combined associations between nutrients and autism-related outcomes is needed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"155","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Nutrition"}}},"pageStart":"1938","pageEnd":"1951","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.02.025","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.02.025"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40107454"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-remedy-for-the-injustice-of-ivf-recel2ljlomoyzpql/","name":"A Remedy for the Injustice of IVF","headline":"A Remedy for the Injustice of IVF","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-remedy-for-the-injustice-of-ivf-recel2ljlomoyzpql/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Meredith Broussard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1748-2221","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"New York University"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Renee Mirkes","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontifical John Paul II Institute for Studies on Marriage and Family","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xphj289"}}],"datePublished":"2025-03-20","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/abstract-p1174-endometriosis-diagnosis-staging-and-typology-in-relation-to-inflammatory-cytokines-recyh0e8sbpcjhwds/","name":"Abstract P1174: Endometriosis diagnosis, staging, and typology in relation to inflammatory cytokines","headline":"Abstract P1174: Endometriosis diagnosis, staging, and typology in relation to inflammatory cytokines","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/abstract-p1174-endometriosis-diagnosis-staging-and-typology-in-relation-to-inflammatory-cytokines-recyh0e8sbpcjhwds/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"May Shaaban","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5784-8705","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maja Skov Paulsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0360-0039","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jeanna Ryan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0987-0788","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emmanuel Adediran","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5247-2235","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Matthew Peterson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7600-9912","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jessica Pagé","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2570-4333","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Intermountain Healthcare","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mvr1r74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leslie V Farland","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7455-8531","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine -...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rachael Hemmert","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Z Pollack","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4313-3298","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"George Mason University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathryn M Rexrode","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3387-8429","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2025-03-11","abstract":"Introduction: Endometriosis, affecting 11% of reproductive-aged persons, is characterized by ectopic endometrial tissue and chronic inflammation. Prior research suggests those with endometriosis have higher cardiovascular disease risk, but mechanisms remain elusive. The objective of this study is to assess whether endometriosis diagnosis, staging, and typology (superficial endometriosis (SE), ovarian endometriomas (OE), and deep infiltrating endometriosis (DE)) are associated with serum interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-) concentrations.\n\nMethods: The study analyzed data from 395 premenopausal persons in Utah undergoing gynecologic laparoscopy who participated in the NICHD ENDO study (2007–2009). Post-operative reports determined endometriosis typology (SE, OE, DE) and staging (minimal, mild, moderate, severe) using Revised American Society for Reproductive Medicine classification. Elevated serum cytokine concentrations were defined as IL-6 ≥2pg/mL, IL-8 ≥3pg/mL, and TNF- ≥7.5pg/mL. Generalized linear models generated adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) 95% CI controlling for age, BMI, marital status, race/ethnicity, and serum cotinine.\n\nResults: Participants were on average 32 years (SD=7) at time of gynecologic laparoscopy/laparotomy, non-Hispanic white (79%), married (71%), mean BMI 28 (SD=8) and non-smokers (83% serum cotinine <10ng/mL). Forty-two percent (n=166) were diagnosed with incident endometriosis. We found no differences among those with, compared to without, endometriosis and elevated IL-6, 12% vs 10%, aPR: 1.01 (0.97, 1.10), IL-8, 5% vs 8%, aPR: 0.99 (0.94, 1.04); and TNF, 16% vs 13%, aPR: 1.00 (0.96, 1.04). While there were no statistically significant associations between endometriosis staging or typology and cytokines, those with moderate to severe endometriosis had nonsignificant lower IL-6 and IL-8 (aPR: 0.61 [0.15, 2.52] and aPR: 0.74 [0.17, 3.20]) but higher TNF- (aPR: 1.27 [0.56, 2.84]), compared to no endometriosis. Individuals with OE and DE had nonsignificant trends of IL-6 and Il-8 (aPR: 0.86 [0.11, 2.52] and aPR: 0.93 [0.14, 6.43]) but higher TNF- (aPR: 1.93 [0.77, 4.84]).\n\nConclusions: In summary, this study found no clear correlation between endometriosis diagnosis, staging, typology and inflammatory markers IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-. Whether endometriosis severity or typology is associated with TNFshould be explored in future studies with adequate power and more representative samples.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"151","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"Suppl_1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Circulation"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1161/cir.151.suppl_1.p1174","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1161/cir.151.suppl_1.p1174"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/abstract-p1175-endometriosis-diagnosis-staging-and-typology-in-relation-to-dyslipidemia-recox4eruxf6mo8bw/","name":"Abstract P1175: Endometriosis diagnosis, staging, and typology in relation to dyslipidemia","headline":"Abstract P1175: Endometriosis diagnosis, staging, and typology in relation to dyslipidemia","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/abstract-p1175-endometriosis-diagnosis-staging-and-typology-in-relation-to-dyslipidemia-recox4eruxf6mo8bw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jessica Chan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2805-5762","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UNIVERSITY UTAH, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jennifer J Majersik","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3191-262X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Matthew Peterson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7600-9912","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jessica Pagé","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2570-4333","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Intermountain Healthcare","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mvr1r74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hediyeh Baradaran","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6251-5769","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UNIVERSITY UTAH, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leslie V Farland","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7455-8531","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine -...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rachael Hemmert","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jenna R Krall","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6836-149X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"George Mason University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Madeline Paulsen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Z Pollack","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4313-3298","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"George Mason University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathryn M Rexrode","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3387-8429","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael W Varner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9455-3973","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2025-03-11","abstract":"Background:\nIndividuals with endometriosis, a gynecologic condition affecting approximately 11% of people with a uterus, may have an elevated risk for developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) later in life. However, the mechanisms underlying this association are not well understood.\n\nMethods:\nWe investigated the association between incident endometriosis diagnosis, staging, and typology and lipid biomarkers measured at time of diagnostic surgery among women participating in the NICHD ENDO study (n=395). Endometriosis was categorized using the American Society for Reproductive Medicine staging (I−IV). Endometriosis typology was defined by lesion depth and location and categorized as superficial endometriosis (SE), ovarian endometrioma (OE), and deep infiltrating endometriosis (DE). With no endometriosis as our reference, we evaluated the associations between endometriosis diagnosis, stage (I/II vs III/IV), and typology (SE, OE, DE, OE+DE) and dyslipidemia using standard clinical thresholds (total cholesterol ≥200 mg/dL, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) <50 mg/dL, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) ≥100 mg/dL, triglycerides ≥175 mg/dL, non-HDL ≥130 mg/dL, VLDL ≥30 mg/dL, Apolipoprotein A-1 (APO-A1) <125 mg/dL, Apolipoprotein B (APOB) ≥120 mg/dL; APOB/APO-A1 ratio >0.78). We calculated adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) and 95% CIs via generalized linear models, controlling for age, race/ethnicity, marital status, BMI, income (poverty level), and serum cotinine as a marker of smoking.\n\nResults:\nAt the time of gynecologic surgery, individuals were mean 32 years (SD: 7 years), non-Hispanic white (79%), married (71%), and mean BMI 28 (SD=8). While we found no differences in endometriosis diagnosis or endometriosis staging and dyslipidemia (\nFigure 1; Table 1\n), a pattern emerged regarding endometriosis typology (\nTable 2\n). Women with OE+DE, compared to no endometriosis, had increased prevalence of dyslipidemia: total cholesterol >200 mg/dL: 1.87 (0.99, 3.57); triglycerides\n>\n175 mg/dL: 2.48 (1.34, 4.57); VLDL ≥30 mg/dL: 2.08 (1.28, 3.38); and APOB mg/dL ≥120: 2.86 (1.22, 6.66). OE appeared to be driving this association. SE was not associated with dyslipidemia.\n\nConclusions:\nThe association between endometriosis, especially of more severe typology, and subsequent CVD may be through dyslipidemia, which may be detectable at the time of endometriosis diagnosis. Further research in larger, more representative samples is needed before definitive conclusions can be made.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"151","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"Suppl_1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Circulation"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1161/cir.151.suppl_1.p1175","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1161/cir.151.suppl_1.p1175"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vasectomy-0vspbjww/","name":"Vasectomy","headline":"Vasectomy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vasectomy-0vspbjww/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mayo Clinic"}],"datePublished":"2025-03-07","abstract":"Mayo Clinic patient overview of vasectomy, a permanent male contraceptive procedure that cuts and seals the vas deferens. Covers indications, the no-scalpel technique, risks, recovery, and semen testing. Notes vasectomy reversal and IVF are possible after vasectomy but are harder, costly, and not guaranteed, so vasectomy should be considered permanent. By Mayo Clinic Staff, updated March 7, 2025.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Mayo Clinic"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-supplementation-after-postovulatory-mifepristone-reduce-changes-in--receouq1tapkeqczz/","name":"Progesterone supplementation after postovulatory mifepristone reduce changes in  human endometrial gene expression","headline":"Progesterone supplementation after postovulatory mifepristone reduce changes in  human endometrial gene expression","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-supplementation-after-postovulatory-mifepristone-reduce-changes-in--receouq1tapkeqczz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Abril Salinas","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3063-3362","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad de Santiago de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02ma57s91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrea Torres","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4571-1255","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad de Santiago de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02ma57s91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Miguel Del Rio","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8047-2388","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Reproductive Health Research Institute, Santiago, Chile"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nicolás Santander","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8919-833X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of O'Higgins","sameAs":"https://ror.org/044cse639"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alejandro Tapia-Pizarro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6031-0700","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad de Santiago de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02ma57s91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Denise Vega","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4642-2826","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad de Santiago de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02ma57s91"}}],"datePublished":"2025-03-06","abstract":"IN BRIEF: Progesterone supplementation reverses 83% of transcript changes in the secretory endometrium induced by postovulatory mifepristone, potentially mitigating its antiprogestogenic effects. ABSTRACT: Mifepristone (RU486) antagonizes progesterone signaling in human endometrium interfering in the secretory phenotype after estradiol priming. The objective of the present study was to determine effect in the endometrial transcript profile of progesterone supplementation after the administration of 200 mg of the antiprogestin mifepristone 48 h after the LH peak (LH+2, LH+0 = LH peak). Endometrial samples were obtained on LH+7 after vaginal administration of micronized progesterone 200 mg/day for 3 days in nine women of proven fertility, each one contributing with one cycle treated with progesterone and another with a placebo. In addition, endometrial samples were obtained in LH+7 from a subgroup of four women with no administration of mifepristone, with each one contributing with one cycle treated with vaginal progesterone supplementation or placebo as a reference. RNA-seq was used to identify transcripts significantly regulated under the administration of progesterone vs placebo with or without postovulatory mifepristone. We observed that 713 transcripts changed significantly in the endometrium under mifepristone after progesterone supplementation in group A. Of these, progesterone reversed approximately 83% of the transcripts affected by mifepristone in the secretory endometrium. Bioinformatic analyses revealed that these transcripts were enriched in genes associated with mitochondrial function, particularly oxidative phosphorylation. In addition, NR2C2 and DLX1 were identified as potential transcription factors that may mediate the effects of progesterone in the endometrium. We conclude that progesterone supplementation after postovulatory mifepristone administration can reverse the antiprogestogenic effects for most of the affected endometrial transcripts.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"169","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproduction (Cambridge, England)"}}},"pageStart":"e240372","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1530/REP-24-0372","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1530/REP-24-0372"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40047460"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/appetite-and-energy-intake-in-laboratory-and-free-living-conditions-remain-consi-recag943rwatawqvj/","name":"Appetite and Energy Intake in Laboratory and Free-Living Conditions Remain Consistent Across Menstrual Cycle Phases when Using Precise Measurement Methods","headline":"Appetite and Energy Intake in Laboratory and Free-Living Conditions Remain Consistent Across Menstrual Cycle Phases when Using Precise Measurement Methods","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/appetite-and-energy-intake-in-laboratory-and-free-living-conditions-remain-consi-recag943rwatawqvj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Maryam Aghayan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6768-0213","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan Little","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9878-6977","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Southern Medical Program, Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention and Management, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada; Faculty of Health and Social Development, ..."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan P. Little","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9796-2008","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tamara R Cohen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9773-9965","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarah Purcell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6745-3771","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hephzibah Bomide","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Miranda Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9372-1381","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Pathology, Southern Regional Area Health Education Center, Fayetteville, North Carolina, USA.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0036ate90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zoë Soon","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04241wz75"}}],"datePublished":"2025-03-04","abstract":"Self-reported dietary intake varies across menstrual cycle phases, but objective assessments of dietary intake together with appetite and resting metabolic rate (RMR) are limited. This study aimed to assess differences in appetite, dietary intake, and RMR during two hormonally-distinct menstrual cycle phases in laboratory and free-living settings. Healthy premenopausal females with predictable normal-length menstrual cycles completed two study visits: one in the late-follicular and one in the mid-luteal phase. Menstrual cycle phases were identified using urinary luteinizing hormone surge and cycle days. Participants consumed a 2-day energy- and macronutrient-balanced run-in diet prior to each visit. RMR was measured with indirect calorimetry, followed by appetite ratings before and after a standardized breakfast, and completed a food cravings questionnaire. Appetite was also tracked for 2.5 days post-visit in a free-living environment. Ad libitum energy and macronutrient intake were measured using pre-weighed plus weighing of uneaten food at an in-laboratory lunch meal, as well as during the 2.5-day free-living period. Eighteen participants were included (age: 21±4 years; body mass index: 21.2±1.5 kg/m 2 ). There were no differences between in-laboratory ad libitum energy or macronutrient intakes, appetite, or food cravings between phases. RMR did not differ between phases, although the mid-luteal phase RMR trended toward higher (104±218 kcal/day higher ; P =0.074). No main nor interaction effects for phase and time were observed for free-living dietary intake nor appetite ratings. Accurate measurements show no differences in appetite or energy intake between menstrual cycle phases, though RMR may be slightly elevated in the luteal phase.","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.28.25323098","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1101/2025.02.28.25323098"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/demographic-correlates-of-autism-how-do-associations-compare-between-diagnosis-a-recn8jeu4w47xxedt/","name":"Demographic Correlates of Autism: How Do Associations Compare Between Diagnosis and a Quantitative Trait Measure?","headline":"Demographic Correlates of Autism: How Do Associations Compare Between Diagnosis and a Quantitative Trait Measure?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/demographic-correlates-of-autism-how-do-associations-compare-between-diagnosis-a-recn8jeu4w47xxedt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Lyall K, Dickerson AS, Green AM, Frndak S, Croen LA, Ames JL, Avalos LA, Aschner JL, Bush NR, Camargo CA, D'Sa V, Dager SR, Dunlop AL, Ferrara A, Ganiban JM, Gern JE, Gissandaner TD, Graff JC, Hertz-Picciotto I, Hipwell AE, Ma T, Miller M, Murphy L, Karagas MR, Kelly RS, Margolis A, Koinis-Mitchell D, McEvoy CT, Messinger D, Nguyen R, Oken E, Ozonoff S, Page GP, Schantz SL, Schmidt RJ, Shuster CL, Schweitzer JB, Sheinkopf SJ, Stanford JB, Trevino CO, Weiss ST, Volk HE, Joseph RM, program collaborators for Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes"}],"datePublished":"2025-03-01","abstract":"Prevalence of autism diagnosis has historically differed by demographic factors. Using data from 8224 participants drawn from the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Program, we examined relationships between demographic factors and parent-reported autism-related traits as captured by the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS; T score > 65) and compared these to relations with parent-reported clinician diagnosis of ASD, in generalized linear mixed effects regression analyses. Results suggested lower odds of autism diagnosis, but not of SRS T > 65, for non-Hispanic Black children (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 0.76, 95% CI 0.55, 1.06) relative to non-Hispanic White children. Higher maternal education was associated with reduced odds of both outcomes (OR = 0.73, 95% CI 0.51, 1.05 for ASD autism diagnosis and 0.4, 95% CI 0.29, 0.55 for SRS score). In addition, results suggested a lower likelihood of autism diagnosis but a higher likelihood of an SRS score > 65 in Black girls. Findings suggest lower diagnostic recognition of autism in non-Hispanic Black children, despite a similar degree of SRS-assessed autism-related traits falling in the clinically elevated range. Further work is needed to address this disparity.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research"}}},"pageStart":"648","pageEnd":"659","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3296","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/aur.3296"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39778060"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estrogengutbrain-axis-examining-the-role-of-combined-oral-contraceptives-on-ment-cldmtn18/","name":"Estrogen-Gut-Brain Axis: Examining the Role of Combined Oral Contraceptives on Mental Health Through Their Impact on the Gut Microbiome","headline":"Estrogen-Gut-Brain Axis: Examining the Role of Combined Oral Contraceptives on Mental Health Through Their Impact on the Gut Microbiome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estrogengutbrain-axis-examining-the-role-of-combined-oral-contraceptives-on-ment-cldmtn18/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Zim A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bommareddy A"}],"datePublished":"2025-03-01","abstract":"Combined oral contraceptives (COCs) possess the ability to alter the normal composition of the gut microbiome and the permeability of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, which may cause both gut-related and non-gut-related complications. The gut-estrogen axis examines the relationship between estrogens (particularly the active form, estradiol) and the gastrointestinal system and can be attributed to the maintenance of the estrobolome and circulating estradiol levels. The gut-brain axis involves the relationship between the brain and the gastrointestinal system and can be attributed to the gut microbiome in relation to the enteric nervous system (ENS) and serotonin levels. Overall, the introduction of exogenous hormones into an endogenous environment alters the normal balance of both hormones and bacteria. Currently, there is a gap in knowledge regarding the link between COCs and mental health complications such as anxiety and depression, and the diversity in these complications may be related to different types of COCs, their composition, and variations in study populations. This article reviews existing evidence from animal and human studies on the role of COCs in the development of mental health issues through their impact on the gut microbiome.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cureus"}}},"pageStart":"e81354","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.81354","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.7759/cureus.81354"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40291231"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-birth-control-is-associated-with-altered-gut-microbiota-diversity-in-ph-z8zymxuc/","name":"Hormonal birth control is associated with altered gut microbiota β-diversity in physically active females across the menstrual cycle: a pilot trial","headline":"Hormonal birth control is associated with altered gut microbiota β-diversity in physically active females across the menstrual cycle: a pilot trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-birth-control-is-associated-with-altered-gut-microbiota-diversity-in-ph-z8zymxuc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Brito J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Grosicki GJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robinson AT"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Coburn JW"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Costa PB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Holmes KE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lyon G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hakonsson Z"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Conti F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Galpin AJ"}],"datePublished":"2025-03-01","abstract":"Understanding changes to gut microbiota composition in response to hormonal birth control (HBC) may provide insight into the microbial mechanisms underlying the metabolic effects of HBC, for example, altered short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production. Athletes' unique physiological demands may interact with these microbial mechanisms in distinct ways; however, there is limited research on HBC and gut microbiota diversity and composition across different menstrual cycle phases in physically active females. A pilot cohort of physically active females using HBC (oral contraceptives, hormone-based intrauterine devices, or arm implants) and a control group not using HBC (n = 12 per group; 22 ± 2 yr, 24 ± 4 kg/m2 vs. 22 ± 4 yr, 23 ± 4 kg/m2; Ps ≥ 0.496) provided fecal samples alongside self-reported menstrual phase and circulating sex hormones. α-diversity (microbial richness and evenness) was assessed using the Shannon index whereas β-diversity (microbial composition differences) was analyzed using PERMANOVA based on Bray-Curtis dissimilarity. Circulating estrogen and luteinizing hormone increased from early (days 1-5) to mid-cycle (days 12-17) in both groups (time effect Ps ≤ 0.01), with greater changes in Control (Ps ≤ 0.046) than HBC (Ps ≥ 0.231). Although no menstrual phase effect was observed on either diversity measure (Ps ≥ 0.473), β-diversity differed between Control and HBC groups (P = 0.015), reflecting distinct gut microbiota profiles irrespective of menstrual phase. Seven taxa linked to SCFA production were less abundant in the HBC group (unadjusted Ps ≤ 0.046), though significance was lost after adjusting for multiple comparisons. These findings suggest that in physically active females, hormonal contraception influences gut microbial composition, which may have downstream effects on metabolism and performance.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study is the first to investigate interactions between hormonal contraception and the gut microbiota in a cohort of physically active young females across the menstrual cycle. Our findings suggest that hormonal contraception may influence gut microbiota composition, potentially through a reduced relative abundance of short-chain fatty acid-producing taxa. Experimental studies are needed to confirm these associations and explore their potential implications for metabolism, health, and performance.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"138","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)"}}},"pageStart":"739","pageEnd":"745","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00008.2025","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1152/japplphysiol.00008.2025"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39951399"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/stroke-and-myocardial-infarction-with-contemporary-hormonal-contraception-real-w-recfftve8gddj7ln8/","name":"Stroke and myocardial infarction with contemporary hormonal contraception:  real-world, nationwide, prospective cohort study","headline":"Stroke and myocardial infarction with contemporary hormonal contraception:  real-world, nationwide, prospective cohort study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/stroke-and-myocardial-infarction-with-contemporary-hormonal-contraception-real-w-recfftve8gddj7ln8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Christian Torp‐Pedersen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035b05819"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher B Granger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0045-3291","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Clinical Research Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/009ywjj88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kristian Kragholm","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9629-8670","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aalborg University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jk5qe80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ellen Løkkegaard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4149-5663","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035b05819"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amani Meaidi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4549-8271","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nordsjællands Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016nge880"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amalie Lykkemark Møller","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2952-2809","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035b05819"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lina Steinrud Mørch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6506-2569","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Danish Cancer Society","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ytt7k16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christian Torp-Pedersen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1034-3280","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Cardiology, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hilleroed, Denmark."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Harman Yonis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1711-7726","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035b05819"}}],"datePublished":"2025-02-13","abstract":"Objective: To evaluate the association between contemporary hormonal contraceptive use and the risk of incident ischaemic stroke and myocardial infarction.\nDesign: Real-world, nationwide, prospective cohort study.\nSetting: Denmark, by use of national registries.\n\nParticipants: All women aged 15-49 years residing in Denmark between 1996 and 2021, with no history of arterial or venous thrombosis, antipsychotics use, cancer, thrombophilia, liver disease, kidney disease, polycystic ovary syndrome, endometriosis, infertility treatment, hormone therapy use, oophorectomy, and hysterectomy.\n\nMain Outcome Measures: First time diagnosis of ischaemic stroke or myocardial infarction at discharge.\n\nResults: Among 2 025 691 women followed up for 22 209 697 person years, 4730 ischaemic strokes and 2072 myocardial infarctions occurred. Standardised ischaemic stroke rate per 100 000 person years were 18 (95% confidence interval 18 to 19) for no use, 39 (36 to 42) for combined oral contraception, 33 (25 to 44) for progestin-only pills, and 23 (17 to 29) for intrauterine device. Standardised myocardial infarction rate per 100 000 person years were 8 (8 to 9) for no use, 18 (16 to 20) for combined oral contraception, 13 (8 to 19) for progestin-only pills, and 11 (7 to 16) for intrauterine device. Compared with no use, current use of combined oral contraception was associated with an adjusted rate ratio of 2.0 (1.9 to 2.2) for ischaemic stroke and 2.0 (1.7 to 2.2) for myocardial infarction. These corresponded to standardised rate differences of 21 (18 to 24) extra ischaemic strokes and 10 (7 to 12) extra myocardial infarctions per 100 000 person years. Compared with no use, current use of progestin-only pills was associated with an adjusted rate ratio of 1.6 (95% CI 1.3 to 2.0) for ischaemic stroke and 1.5 (1.1 to 2.1) for myocardial infarction, equating to 15 (6 to 24) extra ischaemic strokes and four (-1 to 9) extra myocardial infarctions per 100 000 person years. Increased arterial thrombotic risk was also observed with use of the combined vaginal ring (adjusted incidence rate ratio of 2.4 (1.5 to 3.7) for ischaemic stroke and 3.8 (2.0 to 7.3) for myocardial infarction), patch (3.4 (1.3 to 9.1) and no myocardial infarctions), and progestin-only implant (2.1 (1.2 to 3.8) and ≤3 myocardial infarctions), whereas no increased risk was observed with progestin-only intrauterine device (1.1 (1.0 to 1.3) for ischaemic stroke and 1.1 (0.9 to 1.3) for myocardial infarction).\n\nConclusions: Use of contemporary oestrogen-progestin and progestin-only contraceptives was associated with an increased risk of ischaemic stroke and, in some cases, myocardial infarction except for the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device, which was not associated with either. Although absolute risks were low, clinicians should include the potential risk of arterial thrombosis in their assessment of the benefits and risks when prescribing a hormonal contraceptive method.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"388","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.)"}},"pageStart":"e082801","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2024-082801","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj-2024-082801"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39938934"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/welcome-to-the-journal-of-restorative-reproductive-medicine-rec0m2dhep6lrkj5q/","name":"Welcome to the Journal of Restorative Reproductive Medicine","headline":"Welcome to the Journal of Restorative Reproductive Medicine","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/welcome-to-the-journal-of-restorative-reproductive-medicine-rec0m2dhep6lrkj5q/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2025-02-05","abstract":"Welcome to the Journal of Restorative Reproductive Medicine, the official journal of the International Institute for Restorative Reproductive Medicine! JRRM is a peer-reviewed, open-access medical journal for clinicians, scientists, professionals, and patients. Our vision is that JRRM will disseminate and promote evidence-based information to support and restore human fertility and reproductive health. Restorative reproductive medicine can be defined as approaches to systematically identify and treat underlying health conditions contributing to reproductive dysfunction and suboptimal reproductive health.1,2 In the case of subfertility, the aim is to restore the ability to have a healthy live birth, starting with natural intercourse in the fertile window.3 Consistent with this, JRRM approaches subfertility and recurrent miscarriage as related chronic conditions with many possible underlying contributors, including medical conditions, lifestyle, and environmental factors. The same framework applies to other conditions affected by or affecting human reproductive health, which is intertwined with somatic health.4-6 JRRM is particularly interested in articles from clinical medicine, physiology, epidemiology, data science, social sciences, and public health. Relevant clinical domains include, but are not limited to gynecology, andrology, endocrinology, infertility, midwifery, primary care, fertility cycle tracking. Occasionally, basic science or animal studies might be considered for publication, if they directly relate to the vision of JRRM. Articles not considered relevant to this journal include those focusing on the humanities or medical ethics, or research that does not focus on a restorative approach to human fertility and reproductive health. JRRM builds on a long history of tracking ovulation and the fertile window with fertility biomarkers, originally with the aim of natural regulation of fertility.7-10 In the past few decades, clinicians and investigators have explored the power and potential of applying these tools to medical evaluation and treatment.11-13 JRRM seeks to highlight and accelerate the development of scientific evidence linking fertility biomarkers and health. There are a growing number of high-quality journals related to human reproduction. JRRM focuses uniquely on restorative approaches to investigation and treatment, which often get less attention. There is a wide variety of motivations for the interest and engagement of patients and professionals in restorative reproductive medicine: preferences for less invasive natural approaches, commitments to patient empowerment, seeking answers for what is wrong, concerns about access and quality, reducing costs, and ethical and religious commitments.14-16 We all can benefit from a diversity of perspectives in the service of patients.17 All motivations are welcome at JRRM, as we focus together on a restorative approach to fertility and reproductive health","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Restorative Reproductive Medicine"}},"pageStart":"1","pageEnd":"2","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.63264/0j97jd75","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.63264/0j97jd75"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/exploring-the-immunological-aspects-and-treatments-of-recurrent-pregnancy-loss-a-idghwqnj/","name":"Exploring the Immunological Aspects and Treatments of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss and Recurrent Implantation Failure","headline":"Exploring the Immunological Aspects and Treatments of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss and Recurrent Implantation Failure","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/exploring-the-immunological-aspects-and-treatments-of-recurrent-pregnancy-loss-a-idghwqnj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Garmendia JV"},{"@type":"Person","name":"De Sanctis CV"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hajdúch M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"De Sanctis JB"}],"datePublished":"2025-02-03","abstract":"Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is defined as the occurrence of two or more consecutive pregnancy losses before 24 weeks of gestation. It affects 3-5% of women who are attempting to conceive. RPL can stem from a variety of causes and is frequently associated with psychological distress and a diminished quality of life. By contrast, recurrent implantation failure (RIF) refers to the inability to achieve a successful pregnancy after three or more high-quality embryo transfers or at least two instances of egg donation. RIF shares several causative factors with RPL. The immunological underpinnings of these conditions involve alterations in uterine NK cells, reductions in M2 macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, an increased Th1/Th2 ratio, a decreased Treg/Th17 ratio, the presence of shared ≥3 HLA alleles between partners, and autoimmune disorders. Various therapeutic approaches have been employed to address these immunological concerns, achieving varying degrees of success, although some therapies remain contentious within the medical community. This review intends to explore the immunological factors implicated in RPL and RIF and to analyze the immunological treatments employed for these conditions, which may include steroids, intravenous immunoglobulins, calcineurin inhibitors, anti-TNF antibodies, intralipid infusions, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and lymphocyte immunotherapy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"26","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International journal of molecular sciences"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26031295","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/ijms26031295"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39941063"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hypertensive-blood-pressure-in-adolescent-females-with-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-sgkc6tsk/","name":"Hypertensive Blood Pressure in Adolescent Females With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome","headline":"Hypertensive Blood Pressure in Adolescent Females With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hypertensive-blood-pressure-in-adolescent-females-with-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-sgkc6tsk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Suqun Zhang","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010826a91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Darbinian JA","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4390-1445"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Greenspan LC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Naderi S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ramalingam ND","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9931-467X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lo JC","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7159-0648"}],"datePublished":"2025-02-01","abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Polycystic ovary syndrome is associated with hypertension in women, but few population studies have examined findings among adolescents. This retrospective study examines PCOS and hypertensive blood pressure in a large adolescent population receiving routine healthcare.\n\nMETHODS: Among females aged 13-17 years who had a well-child visit with systolic/diastolic blood pressure measured in a Northern California healthcare system (2013-2019), the outcome of hypertensive blood pressure (≥130/80 mmHg) was examined. Polycystic ovary syndrome was based on clinical diagnosis (ICD-9/10 256.4/E28.2) within 1 year of the visit. Overweight and obesity were defined by BMI 85th to <95th percentile and ≥95th percentile, respectively; 1.7% with underweight (<5th percentile) were excluded. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the association of polycystic ovary syndrome and hypertensive blood pressure, adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, BMI category, and estimated neighborhood deprivation index. Analyses were conducted in 2023-2024.\n\nRESULTS: The cohort included 224,418 females (mean age 14.9±1.4 years; 34.3% non-Hispanic White, 30.1% Hispanic, 19.5% Asian/Pacific Islander, and 9.7% Black). Overall, 18.7% had overweight and 15.8% had obesity. The prevalence of hypertensive blood pressure was 7.2%, much higher for those with polycystic ovary syndrome (18.2%) versus no polycystic ovary syndrome (7.1%, p<0.001). In adjusted analyses, polycystic ovary syndrome was associated with 1.25-fold greater odds of hypertensive blood pressure (95% CI=1.10, 1.42). Similar findings were seen among the subset with obesity (OR=1.23 [95% CI=1.06, 1.42]).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Nearly 1 in 5 adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome had hypertensive blood pressure. Polycystic ovary syndrome was associated with 25% increased adjusted odds of hypertensive blood pressure, emphasizing the importance of blood pressure surveillance in this population with higher cardiometabolic risk.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"68","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American journal of preventive medicine"}}},"pageStart":"408","pageEnd":"411","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2024.10.009","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.amepre.2024.10.009"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39419235"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/electronic-health-records-integrated-mobile-health-interventions-in-primary-care-to-improve-hypertension-management-in-blackafrican-american-populations-a-systematic-review-reclmkwxz1fmazizc/","name":"Electronic health records-integrated mobile health interventions in primary care to improve hypertension management in Black/African American populations: a systematic review","headline":"Electronic health records-integrated mobile health interventions in primary care to improve hypertension management in Black/African American populations: a systematic review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/electronic-health-records-integrated-mobile-health-interventions-in-primary-care-to-improve-hypertension-management-in-blackafrican-american-populations-a-systematic-review-reclmkwxz1fmazizc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Elena Gardner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5130-7617","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kelly Glazer Baron","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3583-5812","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emmanuel Adediran","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5247-2235","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tess Deatley","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bernadette Kiraly","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2243-6553","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dominik Ose","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5079-2152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Westsächsische Hochschule Zwickau","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04ms51788"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2025-01-18","abstract":"Black/African American individuals face twice the risk of hypertension compared to non-Hispanic Whites in the United States (US). A synergistic strategy integrating primary care with Electronic Health Records (EHR) and mobile health (mHealth) technologies may help address hypertension disparities. This unique strategy prioritizes early disease identification, improved care access, and self-management. However, limited research exists on how primary care can effectively integrate these components to reduce hypertension in Black/African American individuals. We aimed to (i) identify characteristics of Black/African American populations represented in EHR-driven mHealth interventions for hypertension management in primary care settings and (ii) identify the specific EHR-driven mHealth interventions. We used the PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases to identify studies conducted in the US. The included articles focused on (i) Black/African American individuals, (ii) EHR and mHealth integration; (iii) primary care setting, and (iv) hypertension or blood pressure as the outcome. We screened 749 studies and synthesized 14. Combined, Black/African American patients were female (61%), 52.6 years on average, with diabetes health comorbidity (35%). Included studies utilized health monitoring devices (n = 14), smartphone applications (n = 11), interactive messaging (n = 8), and patient portals (n = 3). These tools facilitated health monitoring (n = 14), social networking (n = 3), and lifestyle counseling (n = 14). EHR-mHealth technologies in primary care show promise to improve hypertension management in Black/African American populations. Current interventions focus on enhancing health education access, continuous health monitoring, patient–physician communication, and social engagement. Further research is needed to optimize integration into clinical workflow for hypertension management.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Oxford Open Digital Health"}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oodh/oqaf029","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/oodh/oqaf029"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/is-endometriosis-typology-a-potentially-better-classification-system-for-assessi-recsiufyozdqpaago/","name":"Is endometriosis typology a potentially better classification system for  assessing risk of female infertility?","headline":"Is endometriosis typology a potentially better classification system for  assessing risk of female infertility?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/is-endometriosis-typology-a-potentially-better-classification-system-for-assessi-recsiufyozdqpaago/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Z Pollack","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4313-3298","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"George Mason University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leslie V Farland","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7455-8531","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine -...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"May Shaaban","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5784-8705","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bin Yan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8573-3251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yan Bin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Utah Department of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/034de1n65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jing Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4921-9674","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Utah Valley University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02rxpxc98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rachael B. Hemmert","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake, UT, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Matthew Peterson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4644-602X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lina Ghabayen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2025-01-09","abstract":"Objective: To determine whether endometriosis typology, namely ovarian endometriomas (OE), deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE), or superficial endometriosis (SE), correlates with fertility history.\nDesign: Prospective cohort.\nSetting: One of fourteen surgical centers in Salt Lake City, Utah (n = 5) or San Francisco, California (n = 9).\n\nPatients: A total of 473 women (18-44 years) with no prior endometriosis diagnosis, undergoing laparoscopies/laparotomies, irrespective of indication, in Utah or California (2007-2009).\n\nExposure: Incident endometriosis.\n\nMain Outcome Measures: Before surgery, we queried women about time to become pregnant for prior planned pregnancies. Generalized linear models were used to calculate adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) for association between endometriosis typology and infertility, defined as having ever tried >12 months (>6 months for women ≥35 years) to get pregnant. We also generated fecundability odds ratios (aFOR) to capture time to pregnancy.\n\nResults: Twenty-five percent (n = 116) of women were diagnosed with SE only, 5% (n = 23) with OE, 6% (n = 29) with DIE, and 5% (n = 22) with OE + DIE, and 60% (n = 283) with no endometriosis. Compared with women with no endometriosis, women with SE had a 1.58 higher aPR (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16-2.14), although women with OE and/or DIE had a 2.41 higher aPR for subfertility after adjusting for women's age, body mass index, and site. Compared with women with no endometriosis, women with OE and/or DIE had a 53% lower historic fecundability (aFOR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.24-0.95); however, no association was found among women with SE (aFOR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.49-1.33).\n\nConclusions: Specific endometriosis typologies may be associated with fecundability, with OE and/or DIE associated with nearly a 150% higher prevalence of subfertility and over a 50% lower historic fecundability.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"F&S Reports"}}},"pageStart":"394","pageEnd":"401","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xfre.2024.08.009","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.xfre.2024.08.009"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39781080"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/condoms-iuds-counseling-and-natural-family-planning-reckcncwqkmsw6zom/","name":"Condoms, IUDs, counseling and natural family planning","headline":"Condoms, IUDs, counseling and natural family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/condoms-iuds-counseling-and-natural-family-planning-reckcncwqkmsw6zom/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jayshree J. Upadhye","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02w7k5y22"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Smita K. Parate","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02w7k5y22"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aditi J. Upadhye","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Upadhye Children Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rasika D Zade","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02w7k5y22"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American family physician"}}},"pageStart":"377","pageEnd":"381","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8079903"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/o195-vipoglanstat-an-oral-nonhormonal-treatment-in-clinical-development-for-endo-0vunc1nc/","name":"O-195 Vipoglanstat, an oral non-hormonal treatment in clinical development for endometriosis","headline":"O-195 Vipoglanstat, an oral non-hormonal treatment in clinical development for endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/o195-vipoglanstat-an-oral-nonhormonal-treatment-in-clinical-development-for-endo-0vunc1nc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C Edenius"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Ekström"},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Stenberg"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Tornling"}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","abstract":"Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is a key driver of endometriosis pathogenesis. Vipoglanstat selectively inhibits mPGES-1 enzyme activity. A Phase I trial involved 72 healthy volunteers receiving single or repeated doses, while Phase II included 69 subjects with chronic inflammatory disease receiving daily treatment. Results demonstrated the compound was safe and well tolerated at therapeutic doses and achieved complete mPGES-1 inhibition while preserving protective prostacyclin production. A Phase II endometriosis trial is scheduled to begin in 2025, focusing on pain reduction and lesion assessment via imaging.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deaf097.195","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/deaf097.195"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/therapeutic-alternatives-for-the-hirsute-patient-recnqaax3fhs9jrn2/","name":"Therapeutic Alternatives for the Hirsute Patient","headline":"Therapeutic Alternatives for the Hirsute Patient","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/therapeutic-alternatives-for-the-hirsute-patient-recnqaax3fhs9jrn2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marya Ahsan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2873-3287","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Imam Mohammad ibn Saud Islamic University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05gxjyb39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ayaz Khurram Mallick","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1535-750X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D E Pittaway","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04v8djg66"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A C Wentz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74"}}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","pageStart":"313","pageEnd":"322","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clomiphene-citrate-initiated-ovulation-the-state-of-the-art-rec1nnzx9w34v6qni/","name":"Clomiphene Citrate – Initiated Ovulation: The State of the Art","headline":"Clomiphene Citrate – Initiated Ovulation: The State of the Art","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clomiphene-citrate-initiated-ovulation-the-state-of-the-art-rec1nnzx9w34v6qni/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"K. Brand","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8374-4026","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Merck (Germany)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b2dty93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ulrike Gottwald‐Hostalek","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0770-4743","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Merck (Germany)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b2dty93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aimee Andag‐Silva","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4683-9210","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"De La Salle University – Dasmariñas","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03a39dd69"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Y Adashi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7730-1192","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64"}}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","pageStart":"17455057241311759","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-thermogenic-property-of-progesterone-rec8fhnguwwfox1iu/","name":"The Thermogenic Property of Progesterone","headline":"The Thermogenic Property of Progesterone","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-thermogenic-property-of-progesterone-rec8fhnguwwfox1iu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ling Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7109-4225","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wuhan Union Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0371fqr87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ping Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9163-6191","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Union Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/055gkcy74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qin Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8549-0122","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01mv9t934"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Meiting Wu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0668-8315"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiushan Feng","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3421-220X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fujian Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/050s6ns64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Weichao Dai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6114-1104","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fujian Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/050s6ns64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pai-Lien Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7300-0122","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Triangle","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fhbr831"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dan Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5114-0445","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhiqun Zheng","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2309-7162","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Union Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/055gkcy74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiaoyan Lin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0759-3913"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gang Wei","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8051-5260"}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","pageStart":"17","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effectiveness-of-the-ovulation-method-as-a-means-of-achieving-and-avoiding-p-recnodmhky3mce0mw/","name":"The Effectiveness of the Ovulation Method as a Means of Achieving and Avoiding Pregnancy","headline":"The Effectiveness of the Ovulation Method as a Means of Achieving and Avoiding Pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effectiveness-of-the-ovulation-method-as-a-means-of-achieving-and-avoiding-p-recnodmhky3mce0mw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Tanja K. Eggersmann","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3567-0576","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitäres Kinderwunschzentrum Lübeck","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010mck520"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Noemi Hamala","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9294-1632","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Reproductive Medicine and Gynecological Endocrinology, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, and Universitaeres Kinderwunschzentrum Luebeck , Luebeck,"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexander R Hiller","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Reproductive Medicine and Gynecological Endocrinology, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, and Universitaeres Kinderwunschzentrum Luebeck , Luebeck,"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marion Depenbusch","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitäres Kinderwunschzentrum Lübeck","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010mck520"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A. Schultze-Mosgau","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitäres Kinderwunschzentrum Lübeck","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010mck520"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Philippos Edimiris","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9135-196X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Düsseldorf University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/006k2kk72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dunja Maria Baston-Büst","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4934-1351","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Düsseldorf University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/006k2kk72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandra P. Bielfeld","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-1292","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Düsseldorf University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/006k2kk72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kruessel JS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jan-Steffen Krüssel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6862-2143","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Düsseldorf University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/006k2kk72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sören von Otte","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2829-9767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Reproductive Medicine and Gynecological Endocrinology, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, and Universitaeres Kinderwunschzentrum Kiel, Kiel, Germany."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wiebe Junkers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01tvm6f46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S. Tauchert","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hochschule für Musik Saar","sameAs":"https://ror.org/029r33q13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Reinhard Vonthein","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0057-777X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01tvm6f46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Georg Griesinger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0606-5804","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitäres Kinderwunschzentrum Lübeck","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010mck520"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Diane Daly","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4526-9869","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint John's Mercy Medical Center"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","pageStart":"hoaf058","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-profiles-in-users-of-the-ovulation-method-recpfazbkzlwn8mec/","name":"Hormonal Profiles in Users of the Ovulation Method","headline":"Hormonal Profiles in Users of the Ovulation Method","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-profiles-in-users-of-the-ovulation-method-recpfazbkzlwn8mec/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Manuela Farris","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5979-4413","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Camillus International University of Health and Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00qvkm315"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carlo Bastianelli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3141-4022","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"European University of Rome","sameAs":"https://ror.org/011at3t25"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marwan Habiba","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5404-252X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Leicester","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04h699437"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Giuseppe Benagiano","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1247-6300","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sapienza University of Rome","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02be6w209"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","pageStart":"361","pageEnd":"372","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136826286","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q136826286"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dietary-supplements-and-prevention-of-preeclampsia-5cbjb2us/","name":"Dietary supplements and prevention of preeclampsia","headline":"Dietary supplements and prevention of preeclampsia","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dietary-supplements-and-prevention-of-preeclampsia-5cbjb2us/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ushida T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tano S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Matsuo S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fuma K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Imai K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hisako Kajiyama","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"EEUSP,  Brasil"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kotani T"}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","abstract":"Preeclampsia (PE) is a common pregnancy complication characterized by hypertension, proteinuria, and end-organ dysfunction. However, to date, no effective treatment has been established other than iatrogenic delivery, and the importance of prevention as an alternative approach to addressing PE has been emphasized. There is growing evidence on the effectiveness of pharmacological and non-pharmacological prophylaxis in preventing PE. In this review, we focused on dietary supplements as non-pharmacological prophylaxis for PE. Calcium is a well-documented supplement for the prevention of PE. Daily 500 mg calcium supplementation can roughly halve the risk of PE in settings where calcium intake is low, including in Japan. According to recent systematic reviews and network meta-analyses, current evidence on the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation is inconsistent. Although vitamin D is a candidate for the prevention of PE, future large-scale randomized control trials are necessary to draw definitive conclusions. We also reviewed other dietary supplements, including vitamins (vitamins A, B6, C, and E, folic acid, and multivitamins), minerals (magnesium, zinc, and iron), amino acids (l-arginine and l-carnitine), anti-oxidants (lycopene, resveratrol, and astaxanthin), and other agents (omega-3 fatty acids, coenzyme Q10, melatonin, and s-equol). In this study, we provide a comprehensive approach to help develop better preventive strategies and ultimately reduce the burden of PE.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41440-025-02144-9","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/s41440-025-02144-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39930022"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chronic-prurigo-associated-with-allergic-contact-dermatitis-a-case-series-highli-6pukrhsr/","name":"Chronic Prurigo Associated With Allergic Contact Dermatitis: A Case Series Highlighting Textile Dyes and Fragrance Allergens","headline":"Chronic Prurigo Associated With Allergic Contact Dermatitis: A Case Series Highlighting Textile Dyes and Fragrance Allergens","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chronic-prurigo-associated-with-allergic-contact-dermatitis-a-case-series-highli-6pukrhsr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ruiz Sánchez J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Espiñeira Sicre J"}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","abstract":"ABSTRACTBackgroundChronic prurigo (CP) is a condition characterised by chronic pruritus and pruriginous lesions. While frequently associated with atopic dermatitis (AD), its link with allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is less understood.ObjectivesTo describe the clinical features, diagnostic findings, and therapeutic outcomes of CP associated with ACD.Patients/Materials/MethodsThis case series included patients diagnosed with CP or prurigo nodularis, identified through medical records from a specialised ACD clinic. Inclusion criteria were positive patch tests identifying relevant allergens, complete medical histories, and resolution or improvement of CP lesions after allergen avoidance. Patch testing was performed using the Spanish Extended Baseline Series and additional allergen panels as needed, following International Contact Dermatitis Research Group guidelines.ResultsSix patients were identified: four cases of CP associated with fragrances and two with textile dyes. All patients improved significantly with allergen avoidance; two required dupilumab. Histological findings and clinical responses suggested a Th2‐driven immune response in fragrance‐induced ACD and a Th2/Th17 involvement in azo dye‐related cases.ConclusionsACD caused by textile dyes and fragrances may manifest as papular dermatitis with features consistent with CP. Patch testing should be considered for idiopathic CP or cases associated with AD. Further studies are needed to clarify the immune mechanisms underlying this association.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contact Dermatitis"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cod.14764","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/cod.14764"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/plasma-progesterone-levels-in-normal-and-abnormal-early-human-pregnancy-recbsposl0ao36vmr/","name":"Plasma progesterone levels in normal and abnormal early human pregnancy","headline":"Plasma progesterone levels in normal and abnormal early human pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/plasma-progesterone-levels-in-normal-and-abnormal-early-human-pregnancy-recbsposl0ao36vmr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kanbak AR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ayşe Rabia Şenkaya","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1538-6965","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bakırçay Üniversitesi","sameAs":"https://ror.org/017v96566"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Öztekin DC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Deniz Öztekin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4213-7254","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bakırçay Üniversitesi","sameAs":"https://ror.org/017v96566"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E I Allen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University College London","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Frankenberg J","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7183-246X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stockholms Universitet"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Radwanska"}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"71","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"e20250444","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"710610"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/network-meta-analysis-efficacy-interventions-treating-thin-endometrium-recbleoqdxbuomvpl/","name":"Network meta-analysis on the efficacy of different interventions for treating thin endometrium","headline":"Network meta-analysis on the efficacy of different interventions for treating thin endometrium","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/network-meta-analysis-efficacy-interventions-treating-thin-endometrium-recbleoqdxbuomvpl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Unnamed record"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Feng Keng"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lin Wu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6729-2269","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0006swh35"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wu Ling"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhongyi Zhao","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"China Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/032d4f246"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhiqiang Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4692-7795","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tianjin Medical University General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/003sav965"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Luo Yudi"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Li Xiang"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Li Derong"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dongyan Li","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03tn5kh37"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhong Junjie"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lan Liuping"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhu Lingling"}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2025.1575248","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fendo.2025.1575248"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/international-committee-for-monitoring-assisted-reproductive-technologies-icmart-92iwxlye/","name":"International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ICMART): world report for cycles conducted in 2017-2018","headline":"International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ICMART): world report for cycles conducted in 2017-2018","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/international-committee-for-monitoring-assisted-reproductive-technologies-icmart-92iwxlye/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Baker VL","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1762-7339"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Silke Dyer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6196-8187","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Groote Schuur Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00c879s84"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chambers GM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Keller E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Banker M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacques de Mouzon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9465-3488","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elgindy E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bai FM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ishihara O"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jwa SC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kupka MS","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6559-0580"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fernando Zegers-Hochschild","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6234-6179","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Clínica Las Condes","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j5bwe91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G David Adamson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5387-7629","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Endometriosis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01q5m4507"}}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","abstract":"STUDY QUESTION: What were the rates of utilization, effectiveness, and safety for assisted reproductive technology (ART) throughout the world in 2017 and 2018, and what trends were observed?\n\nSUMMARY ANSWER: The total reported number of ART fresh and frozen cycles conducted in 83 participating countries was 2 913 498 in 2017 and 3 303 505 in 2018, with 5-year trends including an increasing proportion of cycles utilizing frozen embryo transfer (FET) and an increasing number of cycles utilizing pre-implantation genetic testing (PGT).\n\nWHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Prior reports from the International Committee Monitoring ART (ICMART) have reported on the utilization, effectiveness, and safety of ART from participating countries, with an increase in the number of cycles and number of participating countries over time. These reports have described regional differences in the utilization of ART overall, as well as differences in the utilization of specific practices such as ICSI, PGT and single embryo transfer. Past reports demonstrated that rates of delivery per cycle have increased and rates of multiple gestations have decreased over time.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: This retrospective, cross-sectional survey describes ART procedures performed globally in 2017 and 2018. Data were submitted to ICMART by participating countries from national or regional registries.\n\nPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: There were 83 countries which provided data for cycles performed in 2017 or 2018, with the majority of countries providing data for both years. Aggregate data are reported for each participating country and analysed using methods developed by ICMART to calculate measures of utilization, effectiveness, and safety.\n\nMAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: A total of 2 913 498 cycles and 671 012 babies born were reported for treatment performed in 2017, increasing to 3 303 505 cycles and 728 383 babies born for treatment performed in 2018. After imputing data for non-reporting centres in reporting countries, the estimated number of cycles performed in 2017 was 3 107 188 resulting in an estimated 814 588 babies. For 2018, the estimated number of cycles was 3 568 635 resulting in an estimated 870 814 babies. Utilization of ICSI for autologous fresh non-PGT cycles declined slightly compared with 2014 (54.6% in 2017 and 57.3% in 2018 compared with 64.8% in 2014). The percentage of transfers which were of frozen embryos was 55.7 % in 2017 and 57.9% in 2018, up from 38.9% in 2014. Among all countries, including those which reported no 'freeze all' cycles, the percentage of 'freeze all' cycles was 30.5% in 2017 and 32.7% in 2018, up from 13.1% in 2014. In countries reporting at least one retrieval cycle in which all embryos were frozen, the percentage of retrievals with no fresh embryo transfer increased (36.2% in 2017 and 36.8% in 2018, up from 20.1% in 2014). The number of PGT cycles in 2018 (172 247) was nearly 5-fold higher than the number reported in 2014 (36 512) with wide regional variation in utilization of PGT observed. In 2017, the delivery rate for autologous oocytes was 23.5% per oocyte retrieval, with a cumulative delivery rate of 36.4% per retrieval (excluding cycles which utilized PGT). The delivery rates per embryo transfer were 31.8% per autologous fresh transfer, 32.5% per autologous frozen transfer, and 47.3% per transfer after PGT. The delivery rate for transfers utilizing donor oocytes was 33.1% (combined fresh transfer and frozen transfers). In 2018, the delivery rate for autologous oocytes was 23.8% per oocyte retrieval, with a cumulative delivery rate of 37.3% per retrieval (excluding cycles which utilized PGT). The delivery rates per embryo transfer were 31.3% per autologous fresh transfer, 31.9% per autologous frozen transfer, and 48.4% per transfer after PGT. The delivery rate for transfers utilizing donor oocytes was 34.3%. The multiple delivery rate with autologous fresh transfer was 19.7% in 2017, and 18.3% in 2018. For autologous FET, the multiple delivery rate was 16.2% in 2017, and 14.9% in 2018. With oocyte donation (combined fresh and frozen embryo transfers), the multiple delivery rate was 15.9% in 2017, and 13.4% in 2018. Finally, the multiple delivery rate for cycles utilizing PGT was 6.9% in 2017 and 5.5% in 2018.\n\nLIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: The data and analysis presented are dependent on the quality and completeness of the data submitted to ICMART, which varies globally. There is little data from the Middle East and some countries in Asia. It is important to note that delivery rates per transfer after PGT required the availability of embryos suitable for transfer, and therefore should not be interpreted as suggesting that PGT increases the overall success of ART per oocyte retrieval. Because of an updated methodology in the calculation of delivery rates and number of babies born, direct comparisons with past reports for these metrics cannot be made. Data are observational and it","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"40","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction"}}},"pageStart":"1110","pageEnd":"1126","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deaf049","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/deaf049"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40239109"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-historic-review-of-the-clinical-use-of-progesterone-and-progestin-recvxg9mpi65xhyhh/","name":"The Historic Review of the Clinical Use of Progesterone and Progestin","headline":"The Historic Review of the Clinical Use of Progesterone and Progestin","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-historic-review-of-the-clinical-use-of-progesterone-and-progestin-recvxg9mpi65xhyhh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Carrie A. Malcom","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of South Florida","sameAs":"https://ror.org/032db5x82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kerry S.J. Flannagan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1569-2332","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Reproductive Science Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007yvyg13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Phillip A Romanski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0125-7302","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shady Grove Fertility Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05tcd6p82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anthony N. Imudia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5932-737X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of South Florida","sameAs":"https://ror.org/032db5x82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G S Jones","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","pageStart":"3947","pageEnd":"3956","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-treatment-2017-trends-and-figures-recks5lkp2mxjhh0j/","name":"Fertility Treatment 2017: Trends and Figures","headline":"Fertility Treatment 2017: Trends and Figures","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-treatment-2017-trends-and-figures-recks5lkp2mxjhh0j/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority"}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","pageStart":"1873","pageEnd":"1922","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/systematic-review-and-metaanalysis-of-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-and-mental-healt-fsyhavas/","name":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of polycystic ovary syndrome and mental health among Black Asian Minority Ethnic populations","headline":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of polycystic ovary syndrome and mental health among Black Asian Minority Ethnic populations","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/systematic-review-and-metaanalysis-of-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-and-mental-healt-fsyhavas/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Delanerolle G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ayis S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Barzilova V"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Phiri P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jagadeesan P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zeng Y"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ranaweera S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ashalatha Shetty","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8280-5325"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Haque N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dattatreya Kar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8824-033X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kingshuk Majumder","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0595-2567","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Mary's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/001x4vz59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Raymont V"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shi JQ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dharani K Hapangama","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0270-0150","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Liverpool","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96"}}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","abstract":"Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common, chronic gynaecological condition impacting women of reproductive age. Women with PCOS have hormonal, ovulatory, and metabolic dysfunction resulting in multiple symptoms. The correlation between hormonal disbalance and mental health outcomes in PCOS across Black Asian Minority Ethnic populations was investigated in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The review included 30 studies and data from nearly 4,000 women with PCOS. Major depressive disorder affected 17% of patients with PCOS, with a range from 0% to 67%. Black, Asian, and other underserved populations were found to have higher prevalence of mental health disorders exacerbated by PCOS.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Academia Mental Health and Well-Being"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.20935/mhealthwellb7404","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.20935/mhealthwellb7404"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-contraception-and-endometrial-thickness-in-ivficsi-cycles-a-multicentre-hfacz4fb/","name":"Hormonal Contraception and Endometrial Thickness in IVF/ICSI Cycles: A Multicentre Historical Cohort Study","headline":"Hormonal Contraception and Endometrial Thickness in IVF/ICSI Cycles: A Multicentre Historical Cohort Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-contraception-and-endometrial-thickness-in-ivficsi-cycles-a-multicentre-hfacz4fb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Michaelsen MP","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2799-2855"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nielsen LC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Poulsen M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Skals RG","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2560-4487"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Troest B","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7556-7568"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bentzen JG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elers J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gabrielsen AV","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7632-6299"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Grøndahl ML","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8339-4786"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Povlsen BB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tang-Pedersen M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kesmodel US","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3868-106X"}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To study the association between previous use of levonorgestrel intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) and endometrial thickness (EMT) in women undergoing in vitro fertilisation (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles. DESIGN: Multicentre historical cohort study. SETTING: Eight Danish public and private fertility clinics. POPULATION: 12786 women aged 18-46 years contributing with an EMT measurement from 22 464 different IVF/ICSI treatment cycles between 2000 and 2021. METHODS: Exposure was previous use of LNG-IUS, combined oral contraceptive pills (OCPs), progestogen-only pills (POPs), no/other contraception or combined, cumulated use of contraception when more contraceptives had been used during the inclusion period. LNG-IUS use was categorised into 0-3 years, >3-6 years, >6-9 years and >9 years. Mixed effect logistic regression adjusted for age, BMI, smoking, educational level, total FSH dose and fertility clinic was used. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: EMT (< 7 mm vs >= 7 mm). RESULTS: Statistically significantly higher odds of EMT >= 7 mm were found for OCPs [OR 3.53 (95% CI 1.29-9.65)], POPs [OR 6.43 (95% CI 1.45-28.63)] and no/other contraception [OR 6.67 (95% CI 2.37-18.74)] relative to LNG-IUS in IVF/ICSI cycles. All duration categories of ever use of LNG-IUS were associated with significantly lower odds of EMT >= 7 mm compared to no/other contraception. CONCLUSIONS: Previous use of LNG-IUS was associated with decreased endometrial growth in women undergoing IVF/ICSI.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.18295","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/1471-0528.18295"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40665779"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effectiveness-and-safety-of-ivf-addons-a-metareview-of-10-common-ivf-addons-jfqk4weq/","name":"Effectiveness and Safety of IVF Add-Ons: A Meta-Review of 10 Common IVF Add-Ons","headline":"Effectiveness and Safety of IVF Add-Ons: A Meta-Review of 10 Common IVF Add-Ons","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effectiveness-and-safety-of-ivf-addons-a-metareview-of-10-common-ivf-addons-jfqk4weq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lensen SF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wilkinson J","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3513-4677"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pedro Melo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1928-2573","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oxford","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052gg0110"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kamath M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laurentiu Craciunas","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7952-0647","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03angcq70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ruoyu Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9275-0647","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vanessa Jordan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5818-037X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Auckland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03b94tp07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marian Showell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1227-4303","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Auckland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03b94tp07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Attinger S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Afroz A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Madelon van Wely","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8263-213X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Academic Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03t4gr691"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Farquhar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3685-3553","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Auckland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03b94tp07"}}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"SSRN"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5666234","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2139/ssrn.5666234"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/i-dont-know-what-normal-has-been-a-grounded-theory-exploration-of-the-journey-to-endometriosis-diagnosis-recqigzlkuwup2xi6/","name":"'I don't know what normal has been': a grounded theory exploration of the journey to endometriosis diagnosis","headline":"'I don't know what normal has been': a grounded theory exploration of the journey to endometriosis diagnosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/i-dont-know-what-normal-has-been-a-grounded-theory-exploration-of-the-journey-to-endometriosis-diagnosis-recqigzlkuwup2xi6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Babu Karavadra","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1625-9469","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of East Anglia, Norwich Medical School Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK. B.Karavadra@nhs.net."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joanna Semlyen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5372-1344","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Norwich Research Park","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0062dz060"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Edward Morris","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1170-4906","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021zm6p18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gabrielle Thorpe","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3465-9749","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of East Anglia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/026k5mg93"}}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMC women's health"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-025-03869-y","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s12905-025-03869-y"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40616073"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/investigating-male-factors-and-their-relationships-with-reproductive-health-outc-lto9f6yz/","name":"Investigating male factors and their relationships with reproductive health outcomes: a case-control study protocol for Towards Optimal Fertility, Fathering, and Fatherhood studY (TOFFFY) in Singapore","headline":"Investigating male factors and their relationships with reproductive health outcomes: a case-control study protocol for Towards Optimal Fertility, Fathering, and Fatherhood studY (TOFFFY) in Singapore","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/investigating-male-factors-and-their-relationships-with-reproductive-health-outc-lto9f6yz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ku CW","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3719-3005"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pek JW","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6089-6900"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cheung YB","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0517-7625"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tharmalingam Durgahshree MD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chan M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yo Han Lee","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9631-9969","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Korea University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Godfrey K","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4643-0618"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yap F","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1083-7958"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chan JKY"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Loy SL","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9205-5580"}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Despite the global prevalence of low fertility rates, male contributions to fertility and reproductive health outcomes have been understudied. This study aims to investigate the male contribution to fertility and explore the underlying biological mechanisms. Specifically, we aim to (1) identify male factors associated with successful pregnancy, (2) develop a fertility index incorporating modifiable factors for both males and females to predict pregnancy rate and (3) explore the relationship of male modifiable factors with semen parameters and molecular characteristics. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We will conduct an unmatched case-control study involving 240 couples with impaired male fertility (cases) and 240 couples with normal male fertility (controls). Between July 2024 and June 2026, we will recruit 480 eligible couples from KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore. Male and female participants will complete questionnaires on sociodemographics, general health and lifestyle factors, and their anthropometry and body fat composition will be measured. Blood and semen samples from the male participants will be collected for biochemical, molecular and semen analyses. Predictive male factors will be identified using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator method, accounting for female factors. We will construct a logistic regression model incorporating both male and female factors to derive a fertility index, which will be evaluated using cross-validation on subsets of the study population. Multivariable linear regression will be used to explore relationships between male modifiable exposures and semen parameters. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The study protocol has received approval from the Centralised Institutional Review Board of SingHealth (2024/2120), Singapore. Participants will provide written informed consent. Study results will be disseminated through conferences and peer-reviewed scientific journals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT06293235.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ open"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2024-088143","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmjopen-2024-088143"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39819913"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/expanding-our-human-sexual-horizons-recpjxwn0jwn7mcip/","name":"Expanding our Human Sexual Horizons","headline":"Expanding our Human Sexual Horizons","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/expanding-our-human-sexual-horizons-recpjxwn0jwn7mcip/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrew D. Foote","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7384-1634","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oslo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01xtthb56"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Darren P. Croft","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6869-5097","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Exeter","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yghzc09"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pfcpfas-concentrations-in-human-milk-and-infant-exposure-through-lactation-a-com-mg0jiblg/","name":"PFC/PFAS concentrations in human milk and infant exposure through lactation: a comprehensive review","headline":"PFC/PFAS concentrations in human milk and infant exposure through lactation: a comprehensive review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pfcpfas-concentrations-in-human-milk-and-infant-exposure-through-lactation-a-com-mg0jiblg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"González N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"José L Domingo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9470","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitat Rovira i Virgili","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g5sqv46"}}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","abstract":"Abstract\n          Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), previously known as perfluorinated compounds (PFC), are a group of synthetic chemicals widely used over the past decades. Their extensive application, combined with their environmental persistence, has contributed to their ubiquitous presence in the environment and the associated toxicological risks. Regarding humans, blood serum testing remains the primary method for biomonitoring PFAS exposure, while breast milk has also been used due to the transfer of these substances from mothers to infants during lactation. This paper aims to review the scientific literature (using PubMed and Scopus databases) on PFAS concentrations in the breast milk of non-occupationally exposed women. Where available, the estimated daily intake of these compounds by breastfeeding infants is also examined. The reviewed studies are categorized by continent and country/region, revealing a significant lack of data for many countries, including both developed and developing nations. The findings indicate substantial variability in PFAS concentrations, influenced by factors such as geographic location, sampling year, and the specific PFAS analyzed. Among the identified compounds, perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) are most commonly detected, along with perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS) and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), being the only PFAS with regulated maximum levels in certain foodstuffs. Most studies were conducted before the implementation of the current (updated) tolerable weekly intake (TWI) values for these substances. Consequently, the majority reported a low health risk for breastfeeding infants, even in high-intake scenarios. Nevertheless, biomonitoring studies are urgently needed in countries with limited or no data, and new investigations should assess whether current estimated intakes exceed the updated TWI. Special focus should be given to rural and industrial areas where exposure levels remain poorly understood.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Arch Toxicol"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-025-03980-x","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00204-025-03980-x"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparative-analysis-of-human-and-mouse-ovaries-across-age-nibd218h/","name":"Comparative analysis of human and mouse ovaries across age","headline":"Comparative analysis of human and mouse ovaries across age","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparative-analysis-of-human-and-mouse-ovaries-across-age-nibd218h/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Gaylord EA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Foecke MH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Samuel RM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Soygur B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Detweiler AM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"McIntyre TI"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dorman LC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Borja M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laird AE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arjyal R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jiang Du","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8297-5359","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jinzhou Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02yd1yr68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gardner JM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neff N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fattahi F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laird DJ"}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","abstract":"The mouse is a tractable model for human ovarian biology; however, its utility is limited by incomplete understanding of how transcription and signaling differ interspecifically and with age. We compared ovaries between species using three-dimensional imaging, single-cell transcriptomics, and functional studies. In mice, we mapped declining follicle numbers and oocyte competence during aging; in human ovaries, we identified cortical follicle pockets and decreases in density. Oocytes had species-specific gene expression patterns during growth that converged toward maturity. Age-related transcriptional changes were greater in oocytes than in granulosa cells across species, although mature oocytes change more in humans. We identified ovarian sympathetic nerves and glia; axon density increased in aged ovaries and, when ablated in mice, perturbed folliculogenesis. This comparative atlas defines shared and species-specific hallmarks of ovarian biology.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Science (New York, N.Y.)"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adx0659","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1126/science.adx0659"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"41066539"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-imbalance-in-umbilical-vein-cord-blood-of-pregnant-women-with-endometri-reckrp1hpwwel77hw/","name":"Hormonal imbalance in umbilical vein cord blood of pregnant women with endometriosis: a propensity score-matched analysis","headline":"Hormonal imbalance in umbilical vein cord blood of pregnant women with endometriosis: a propensity score-matched analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-imbalance-in-umbilical-vein-cord-blood-of-pregnant-women-with-endometri-reckrp1hpwwel77hw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Noemi Salmeri","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3239-3799","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Milan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wjc7c48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maìra Casalechi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0015-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016zn0y21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marco Reschini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9868-3043","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016zn0y21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michele Orsi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5219-4909","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016zn0y21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrico Iurlaro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1452-8706","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016zn0y21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Silvia Fustinoni","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0287-7338","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Milan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wjc7c48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elisa Polledri","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9625-3656","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Milan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wjc7c48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paolo Vercellini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4195-0996","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016zn0y21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paola Viganò","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3674-5912","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"San Raffaele University of Rome","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02rwycx38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laura Benaglia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7404-9830","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016zn0y21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Edgardo Somigliana","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0223-0032","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016zn0y21"}}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"23","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12958-025-01467-z","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s12958-025-01467-z"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"41291816"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pulmonary-endometriosis-a-clinical-review-recnpmkhd9h7pgxz8/","name":"Pulmonary Endometriosis: A Clinical Review","headline":"Pulmonary Endometriosis: A Clinical Review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pulmonary-endometriosis-a-clinical-review-recnpmkhd9h7pgxz8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jinna Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0912-1197","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D. Wang","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sichuan Cancer Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/029wq9x81"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Min Shi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Pathology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ting Zhou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1880-5371","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Radiology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xunwei Shi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sichuan Cancer Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/029wq9x81"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Liping Peng","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sichuan Cancer Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/029wq9x81"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yi Liu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9300-2843","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Guoxin Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1023-6597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jiangsu Province Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04py1g812"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J A Rock","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9970-8417","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","pageStart":"1661354","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2024-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2024-qasldzbe/","name":"DIR Jahrbuch 2024 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2024)","headline":"DIR Jahrbuch 2024 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2024)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2024-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2024-qasldzbe/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register e.V."}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","abstract":"DIR Jahrbuch 2024 des Deutschen IVF-Registers. ENGLISH SUMMARY: 2024 Annual Report of the German IVF Registry (Deutsches IVF-Register, DIR). Reports German ART cycle counts, treatment indications, embryo-transfer outcomes, pregnancy and live-birth rates by treatment type, age strata, and cycle counts. The DIR is the largest German ART registry covering nearly all licensed reproductive medicine centers under voluntary professional-society registration.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/physicians-need-more-education-about-natural-family-planning-recinpralkzxws7ld/","name":"Physicians need more education about natural family planning","headline":"Physicians need more education about natural family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/physicians-need-more-education-about-natural-family-planning-recinpralkzxws7ld/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duane M, Motley R, Manhart M"}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"406","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10513","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Family Physician"}}},"pageStart":"1811","pageEnd":"1872","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23939690"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/national-summary-report-2023-ukfiqzfc/","name":"National Summary Report 2023","headline":"National Summary Report 2023","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/national-summary-report-2023-ukfiqzfc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology"}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/trends-in-egg-and-sperm-donation-2016-reccsavcqcx7lgmg7/","name":"Trends in Egg and Sperm Donation 2016","headline":"Trends in Egg and Sperm Donation 2016","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/trends-in-egg-and-sperm-donation-2016-reccsavcqcx7lgmg7/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Shelun Tsai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1487-9039","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York; Pacific Northwest Fertility and IVF Specialists, Bellevue, Washington. Elec..."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Matthew M Scarpaci","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05gq02987"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jennifer L. Eaton","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05gq02987"}}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","pageStart":"1265","pageEnd":"1271","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/rrm-outcomes-compared-to-ivf-retrospective-evaluation-of-a-2019-clinic-cohort-wo7gmu0s/","name":"RRM outcomes compared to IVF: retrospective evaluation of a 2019 clinic cohort","headline":"RRM outcomes compared to IVF: retrospective evaluation of a 2019 clinic cohort","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/rrm-outcomes-compared-to-ivf-retrospective-evaluation-of-a-2019-clinic-cohort-wo7gmu0s/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Phil C Boyle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2555-6294","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NeoFertility Clinic, Suite 7, 1st Floor, Beacon Mall, Sandyford, Dublin 18, Ireland. Phil.Boyle@NeoFertility.ie."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Agnes Toth","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NeoFertility Clinic, Dublin, Ireland"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Monica Minjeur","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6183-8258","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Radiant Clinic, Cedar Rapids, IA, USA"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Craig Turczynski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7658-9470","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Diagnostics, Dallas, TX, USA; Duquesne University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"}}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Restorative Reproductive Medicine"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-in-vitro-fertilization-with-severe-maternal-morbidity-in-lowrisk--zhg69yg4/","name":"Association of in vitro fertilization with severe maternal morbidity in low-risk patients without comorbidities","headline":"Association of in vitro fertilization with severe maternal morbidity in low-risk patients without comorbidities","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-in-vitro-fertilization-with-severe-maternal-morbidity-in-lowrisk--zhg69yg4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Solmonovich R","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5063-5345"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kouba I","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9245-0081"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jackson FI","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2813-7693"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alvarez A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Goldman RH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"San Roman G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Matthew J. Blitz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5534-6928"}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine whether an association exists between in vitro fertilization (IVF) and severe maternal morbidity among low-risk pregnant patients. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SUBJECTS: Low-risk pregnant patients who delivered between January 2019 and December 2022. Low-risk was defined as having an obstetric comorbidity index score of 0. EXPOSURE: In vitro fertilization. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The primary outcome (dependent variable) was any severe maternal morbidity. The secondary outcome was the need for a cesarean delivery. A modified Poisson regression with robust error variance was used to model the probability of severe maternal morbidity as a function of IVF. Risk ratios and their associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed. An α value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULT(S): A total of 39,668 pregnancies were included for analysis, and 454 (1.1%) were conceived by IVF. The overall severe maternal morbidity rate was 2.4% (n = 949), with the most common indicator being blood transfusion. The overall cesarean delivery rate was 18.8% (n = 7,459). On modified Poisson regression, IVF-conceived pregnancies were associated with 2.56 times the risk of severe maternal morbidity (95% CI, 1.73-3.79) and 1.54 times the risk of having a cesarean delivery (95% CI, 1.37-1.74) compared with non-IVF pregnancies. CONCLUSION(S): In vitro fertilization is associated with higher rates of severe maternal morbidity, primarily the need for a blood transfusion, and cesarean delivery in low-risk pregnancies without major comorbidities. Recognizing this association allows healthcare providers to implement proactive measures for better monitoring and tailored postpartum care.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.09.015","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.09.015"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39260539"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/noninvasive-matrices-for-the-human-biomonitoring-of-pfas-an-updated-review-of-th-zegptxj5/","name":"Non-Invasive Matrices for the Human Biomonitoring of PFAS: An Updated Review of the Scientific Literature","headline":"Non-Invasive Matrices for the Human Biomonitoring of PFAS: An Updated Review of the Scientific Literature","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/noninvasive-matrices-for-the-human-biomonitoring-of-pfas-an-updated-review-of-th-zegptxj5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Martí Nadal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1974-6836","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitat Rovira i Virgili","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g5sqv46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"José L Domingo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9470","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitat Rovira i Virgili","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g5sqv46"}}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","abstract":"Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are synthetic chemicals widely used in consumer and industrial products due to their unique physicochemical properties. However, their persistence and bioaccumulative potential pose significant environmental and human health risks. This review focuses on the use of non-invasive matrices—urine, hair, and nails—for the human biomonitoring of PFAS, highlighting key findings from scientific studies. While urine offers a non-invasive and practical option, its limited sensitivity for long-chain PFAS requires further analytical advances. Hair and nails have demonstrated potential for use in biomonitoring, with higher detection frequencies and concentrations for certain PFAS compared to urine. The variability in PFAS levels across studies reflects differences in population characteristics, exposure sources, and geographic regions. This review emphasizes the need for standardized analytical methods, expanded population studies, and the use of complementary matrices to enhance the accuracy and reliability of PFAS exposure assessment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Toxics"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics13020134","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/toxics13020134"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ultrasonic-visualization-of-human-ovulation-recfn3lzp7rfs4jzz/","name":"Ultrasonic Visualization of Human Ovulation","headline":"Ultrasonic Visualization of Human Ovulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ultrasonic-visualization-of-human-ovulation-recfn3lzp7rfs4jzz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yanling Lin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2354-7676","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fujian Provincial Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045wzwx52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jingjing Jiang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1198-6077","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shandong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0207yh398"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hao Lin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fuzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02sjprm39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hong Yan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fuzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02sjprm39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ting Deng","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6189-5897"}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","pageStart":"21","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/per-and-polyfluoroalkyl-substances-pfas-in-consumer-products-an-overview-of-the--a10wqegk/","name":"Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Consumer Products: An Overview of the Occurrence, Migration, and Exposure Assessment","headline":"Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Consumer Products: An Overview of the Occurrence, Migration, and Exposure Assessment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/per-and-polyfluoroalkyl-substances-pfas-in-consumer-products-an-overview-of-the--a10wqegk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yang Yang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6246-0999","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jing Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4921-9674","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Utah Valley University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02rxpxc98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tang S"}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","abstract":"Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have been widely used in the production of consumer products globally due to the excellent water and oil resistance and anti-fouling properties. The multiple toxic effects of some PFASs also pose a threat to human health and ecosystem, and the frequent use of certain consumer products increased the risk of human exposure to PFASs. More data on the occurrence, concentration, and migration of PFASs in consumer products is urgently needed to address the possible risks posed by exposure to consumer products. This paper reviews the PFAS concentrations found, the migration characteristics known, and the exposure risks of PFASs arising from several types of consumer products over the last five years. The types of consumer products considered here include food contact materials, textiles, and disposable personal hygiene products. The influence of different factors on the migration process of PFASs from these products are summarized and discussed. Additionally, the main approaches and models of exposure assessment are evaluated and summarized. Current challenges and future research prospects in this field are discussed with a view to providing guidance for the future assessment and regulation of PFASs in consumer products.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Molecules"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30050994","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/molecules30050994"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/how-do-fertility-facilities-in-japan-perceive-disclosing-institutional-success-r-bcu3o5hw/","name":"How do fertility facilities in Japan perceive disclosing institutional success rates for IVF? A nationwide survey of registered assisted reproductive technology facilities","headline":"How do fertility facilities in Japan perceive disclosing institutional success rates for IVF? A nationwide survey of registered assisted reproductive technology facilities","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/how-do-fertility-facilities-in-japan-perceive-disclosing-institutional-success-r-bcu3o5hw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jwa SC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maeda E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ishihara O et al"}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","abstract":"Nationwide survey of JSOG-registered ART facilities on perceptions of disclosing institutional success rates for IVF. Provides context for the JSOG registry's reporting model and clinic-level transparency conventions.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reprod Med Biol"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rmb2.12653","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/rmb2.12653"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40511260"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/premature-ovarian-insufficiency-hope-for-failing-ovaries-bohmfput/","name":"Premature Ovarian Insufficiency: Hope for 'Failing' Ovaries","headline":"Premature Ovarian Insufficiency: Hope for 'Failing' Ovaries","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/premature-ovarian-insufficiency-hope-for-failing-ovaries-bohmfput/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Naomi M Whittaker","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3706-3112","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UPMC Divine Mercy Women's Health"}}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","abstract":"1. Define premature ovarian insufficiency, diagnostic criteria, risk factors and comorbidities.\n2. Discuss health concerns, as well as health and hormone management of patients suffering with POI.\n3. Discuss restorative fertility approaches to those with POI.","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cartr-plus-2025-annual-report-2024-data-canadian-assisted-reproductive-technolog-e94qosl4/","name":"CARTR Plus 2025 Annual Report (2024 Data) - Canadian Assisted Reproductive Technologies Register","headline":"CARTR Plus 2025 Annual Report (2024 Data) - Canadian Assisted Reproductive Technologies Register","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cartr-plus-2025-annual-report-2024-data-canadian-assisted-reproductive-technolog-e94qosl4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Canadian Fertility and Andrology Society"},{"@type":"Person","name":"CARTR Plus"}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","abstract":"CARTR Plus 2025 annual report covering Canadian ART activity for treatment cycles completed in 2024. Reports cycles performed, single-embryo transfer rates, clinical pregnancy and live-birth rates, ART-conceived births, and multiple-pregnancy rates from participating CFAS member ART centers. Voluntary professional-society reporting from Canadian ART clinics.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Canadian Fertility and Andrology Society - CARTR Plus"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/national-patient-survey-2024-recmq8z7xt0bqpzmi/","name":"National Patient Survey 2024","headline":"National Patient Survey 2024","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/national-patient-survey-2024-recmq8z7xt0bqpzmi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority"}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","abstract":"# National Patient Survey 2024\nSurvey of UK fertility patients: 2 September - 9 October 2024\nPublished: March 2025\n[Download the underlying dataset as .xlsx](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/media/vf5bxixp/national-patient-survey-2024-underlying-dataset.xlsx \"Download the underlying dataset for the ‘National Patient Survey 2024’ report\")\n## Table of contents\n- [Main points](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/national-patient-survey-2024/#main-points)\n- [Introduction](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/national-patient-survey-2024/#introduction)\n- [Section 1: Over 70% of patients were satisfied with treatment](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/national-patient-survey-2024/#section-1)\n- [Section 2: Almost 80% of patients spoke to a GP before treatment](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/national-patient-survey-2024/#section-2)\n- [Section 3: 73% had used an additional test, treatment or emerging technology](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/national-patient-survey-2024/#section-3)\n- [Section 4: Around a quarter of respondents had used donor eggs, sperm, or embryos](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/national-patient-survey-2024/#section-4)\n- [Section 5: 40% of those able to donate would be willing to donate to research](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/national-patient-survey-2024/#section-5)\n- [Section 6: Familiarity with the HFEA increased to 68%](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/national-patient-survey-2024/#section-6)\n- [Qualitative summary](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/national-patient-survey-2024/#qualitative-summary)\n- [About our data](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/national-patient-survey-2024/#about-our-data)\n## Main points\n- Fertility patients’ satisfaction with most ...","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/qivf-annual-report-2025-fertility-treatments-in-sweden-treatment-year-2023-fcd8af41/","name":"Q-IVF Annual Report 2025: Fertility Treatments in Sweden (Treatment Year 2023)","headline":"Q-IVF Annual Report 2025: Fertility Treatments in Sweden (Treatment Year 2023)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/qivf-annual-report-2025-fertility-treatments-in-sweden-treatment-year-2023-fcd8af41/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Q-IVF, National Quality Registry for Assisted Reproduction"}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","abstract":"Sweden national IVF registry report covering 2023 treatments. 26,500 treatments started at 23 clinics (6 public, 17 private). 5,804 live born children (5,508 IVF + 296 IUI-D). Fresh IVF delivery rate 27% per ET (own gametes). FET delivery rate 36.9% per ET. Cumulative delivery rate per OPU within 1 year: 45%. SET rate 97%. Multiple birth rate 1.7%. OHSS hospitalization rate 0.4%. 1,121 oocyte freezing cycles (865 social, 186 oncological). Patient satisfaction: medical care 92%, treatment 94%.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Q-IVF"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/editorial-nervous-system-and-reproduction-a-highly-integrative-partnership-ilsd0pfl/","name":"Editorial: Nervous system and reproduction: a highly integrative partnership","headline":"Editorial: Nervous system and reproduction: a highly integrative partnership","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/editorial-nervous-system-and-reproduction-a-highly-integrative-partnership-ilsd0pfl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lara HE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dorfman MD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mayerhofer A"}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","abstract":"Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in endocrinology"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2025.1621411","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fendo.2025.1621411"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40469449"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/novel-approaches-to-diagnosing-and-treating-endometriosis-recgrbf65tltxnkem/","name":"Novel Approaches to Diagnosing and Treating Endometriosis","headline":"Novel Approaches to Diagnosing and Treating Endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/novel-approaches-to-diagnosing-and-treating-endometriosis-recgrbf65tltxnkem/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marta Guadalupi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027ynra39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Margherita Orlandi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Private Veterinary Laboratory \"MyLav,\" Passirana di Rho, Italy."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pietro Laricchiuta","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Association of Zoos and Aquariums","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t354q81"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Francesca Abramo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Private Veterinary Laboratory \"MyLav,\" Passirana di Rho, Italy."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudia Piemontese","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1397-6109"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Luca Lacitignola","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027ynra39"}}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","pageStart":"6081","pageEnd":"6087","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/theologians-and-authority-recurmy0vetg7ianx/","name":"Theologians and Authority","headline":"Theologians and Authority","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/theologians-and-authority-recurmy0vetg7ianx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Francesca Giorgia Paleari","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6752-0911","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Francesca Danioni","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6227-0722","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Milan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wjc7c48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Valentina Valtulini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4229-3780","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bergamo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02mbd5571"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Daniela Barni","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4146-3178"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aslı Bugay Sökmez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5832-9042","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Cyprus","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qjrjx09"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sara Eissa","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Milan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wjc7c48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yaakov Greenwald","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hebrew University of Jerusalem","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03qxff017"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ariel Knafo‐Noam","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0613-1960","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hebrew University of Jerusalem","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03qxff017"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ariel Knafo-Noam","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Psychology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Camillo Regalia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6888-0719","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Milan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wjc7c48"}}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","pageStart":"1646554","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/porous-nickelcobalt-phosphate-with-oxygenrich-vacancies-in-situ-grown-on-dopamin-ksos5n1x/","name":"Porous nickel–cobalt phosphate with oxygen-rich vacancies in situ grown on dopamine-modified cellulose textiles as self-supporting high mass loadings supercapacitor electrode","headline":"Porous nickel–cobalt phosphate with oxygen-rich vacancies in situ grown on dopamine-modified cellulose textiles as self-supporting high mass loadings supercapacitor electrode","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/porous-nickelcobalt-phosphate-with-oxygenrich-vacancies-in-situ-grown-on-dopamin-ksos5n1x/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Wei Tian","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0610-7597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harbin Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05jscf583"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ren P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiaojing Hou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1044-3617","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01a2gef28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fan B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yuanyuan Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7687-7816","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"City of Hope","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01z1vct10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pei L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hongbo Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0162-5371","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Union Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/055gkcy74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhian Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6423-105X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jin Y"}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","abstract":"Transition-metal phosphates/phosphides showcase significant promise for energy-related applications because of their high theoretical electrochemical characteristics. However, sluggish electro/ion transfer rates and kinetically unfavorable reaction sites hinder their application at high mass loading. Herein, a self-supporting electrode based on transition-metal phosphates was successfully fabricated via a one-step electrodeposition process. The nanosheet structure of transition-metal phosphates, formed by interconnecting nanoparticles, effectively mitigates the impact of stress and achieves a high mass-loading (21 mg cm-2) of the electrode. Additionally, the oxygen vacancy-rich and porous nanostructure of transition-metal phosphates endows the as-prepared electrodes with a significantly increased conductivity and fast ion migration rate for enhancing electrochemical kinetics. Consequently, the as-fabricated transition-metal phosphate electrode displays the highest areal specific capacity of 39.2F cm-2. Furthermore, the asymmetric supercapacitor achieves a maximum energy density of 0.79 mWh cm-2 and a high capacity retention of 93.0 % for 10000 cycles under 60 mA cm-2. This work provides an ideal strategy for fabricating flexible electrodes with high mass loading and synthesizing transition-metal phosphate electrodes rich in oxygen vacancies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"677","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Colloid and Interface Science"}},"pageStart":"626","pageEnd":"636","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2024.08.112","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jcis.2024.08.112"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/us-fertility-rate-sank-to-new-low-in-2024-amid-rise-of-pronatalism-politics-lc3zlzka/","name":"US fertility rate sank to new low in 2024 amid rise of pronatalism politics","headline":"US fertility rate sank to new low in 2024 amid rise of pronatalism politics","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/us-fertility-rate-sank-to-new-low-in-2024-amid-rise-of-pronatalism-politics-lc3zlzka/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Wise J"}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.r1589","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj.r1589"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progestins-in-the-prevention-of-preterm-birth-rec9kwlnnwy7hebe7/","name":"Progestins in the Prevention of Preterm Birth","headline":"Progestins in the Prevention of Preterm Birth","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progestins-in-the-prevention-of-preterm-birth-rec9kwlnnwy7hebe7/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Shanqin Qi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3005-8329","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Haiyan Yu","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yu Haiyan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Qingdao University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021cj6z65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiaobo Yang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5562-4134","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangxi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02c9qn167"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qinghan Shi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Qingdao University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021cj6z65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yi Liu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9300-2843","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Liuqing Yang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2248-1066","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kehua Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2560-8189","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Reproduction and Genetics Center, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John Johnson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05cb1k848"}}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","pageStart":"1719930","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-human-peritoneal-fluid-on-embryonic-development-reczn6dfalj8mjrtc/","name":"The Effect of Human Peritoneal Fluid on Embryonic Development","headline":"The Effect of Human Peritoneal Fluid on Embryonic Development","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-human-peritoneal-fluid-on-embryonic-development-reczn6dfalj8mjrtc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ferhat Yiğit","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7512-3246"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Suna Ömeroğlu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9918-4254"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zeynep Yığman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1985-9280","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Gazi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/054xkpr46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Saadet Özen Akarca-Dizakar","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi Mustafa Kemal, İzmir Bakırçay University, 35665, Menemen, İzmir, Türkiye. ozenakarca@gmail.com."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Saadet Özen Akarca Dizakar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4358-6510"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mürşide Ayşe Demırel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7082-8976","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Gazi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/054xkpr46"}}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","pageStart":"116","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/how-much-does-ivf-cost-otwdfi8l/","name":"How much does IVF cost?","headline":"How much does IVF cost?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/how-much-does-ivf-cost-otwdfi8l/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Woodcock S"}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"GoodRx"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/is-termination-of-a-desired-pregnancy-due-to-possible-fetal-abnormalities-a-case-ouurktlp/","name":"Is termination of a desired pregnancy due to possible fetal abnormalities a case of moral injury? A preliminary report","headline":"Is termination of a desired pregnancy due to possible fetal abnormalities a case of moral injury? A preliminary report","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/is-termination-of-a-desired-pregnancy-due-to-possible-fetal-abnormalities-a-case-ouurktlp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sartel-Raviv S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Levi-Belz Y"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bar V"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zerach G"}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","abstract":"Termination of pregnancy (TOP) due to possible fetal abnormalities is known to be associated with various mental health problems. This study examines associations between potentially morally injurious events (PMIEs), moral injury outcomes (MI), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and prolonged grief (PG) among treatment-seeking women following late pregnancy loss. A volunteer sample of (n = 132) Israeli women who attended a reproductive psychiatry clinic following TOP (n = 99) or pregnancy loss due to intrauterine fetal demise (IUFD; n = 33), responded to self-report questionnaires in a cross-sectional, comparative study. Results show that among participants in the TOP group, PMIEs-self predicted MI outcomes of shame, and PMIEs-betrayal predicted MI outcomes of trust violation. Importantly, following exposure to PMIE-self, MI outcomes of trust violation significantly predicted both PTSD and PG symptoms. This study emphasized that TOP due to possible fetal abnormalities, may constitute a morally injurious experience, highlighting the need for clinical interventions addressing MI.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Death studies"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07481187.2025.2585935","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/07481187.2025.2585935"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"41208181"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-quality-of-life-cohort-study-long-term-impact-of-radical-laparoscopic-excision-of-endometriosis-recliqau6fpydw73h/","name":"Endometriosis Quality of Life Cohort Study: Long-term Impact of Radical Laparoscopic Excision of Endometriosis","headline":"Endometriosis Quality of Life Cohort Study: Long-term Impact of Radical Laparoscopic Excision of Endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-quality-of-life-cohort-study-long-term-impact-of-radical-laparoscopic-excision-of-endometriosis-recliqau6fpydw73h/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rose McDonnell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1016-4933","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"King Edward Memorial Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ns3e792"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jessica Rachael Gollow","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"King Edward Memorial Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ns3e792"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elizabeth Nathan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2933-0615","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women and Infants Research Foundation","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03j1avm36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dorota A. Doherty","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5507-9065","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women and Infants Research Foundation","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03j1avm36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kingshuk Majumder","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0595-2567","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Mary's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/001x4vz59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eden Wilkinson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8024-5600","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"King Edward Memorial Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ns3e792"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roger Hart","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8800-0456","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University College London","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Krishnan Karthigasu","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Krish Karthigasu, FRANZCOG, MBBS, MRCOG Senior lecturer, School of Women's & Infants Health, King Edward Memorial Hospital, University of Western Australia, Australia, Tel.: +61 893 828 323, Fax: +...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ns3e792"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bernadette McElhinney","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"King Edward Memorial Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ns3e792"}}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Gynecology and minimally invasive therapy"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.4103/gmit.gmit_156_23","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4103/gmit.gmit_156_23"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40143984"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mood-disorders-and-the-reproductive-cycle-affective-disorders-during-the-menopau-recapipqogi23zkxa/","name":"Mood disorders and the reproductive cycle: affective disorders during the menopause and premenstrual dysphoric disorder","headline":"Mood disorders and the reproductive cycle: affective disorders during the menopause and premenstrual dysphoric disorder","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mood-disorders-and-the-reproductive-cycle-affective-disorders-during-the-menopau-recapipqogi23zkxa/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Haynes P, Parry BL"}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Psychopharmacology Bulletin"}}},"pageStart":"1613628","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9803762"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/semen-quality-and-lifespan-a-study-of-78284-men-followed-for-up-to-50-years-qir5dted/","name":"Semen quality and lifespan: a study of 78,284 men followed for up to 50 years","headline":"Semen quality and lifespan: a study of 78,284 men followed for up to 50 years","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/semen-quality-and-lifespan-a-study-of-78284-men-followed-for-up-to-50-years-qir5dted/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Priskorn L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindahl-Jacobsen R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tina Kold Jensen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2311-5778","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rigshospitalet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mchdq19"}}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deaf023","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/deaf023"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40037905"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-ovulation-method-ten-years-of-research-recsnik8bjeifmyam/","name":"The Ovulation Method: Ten Years of Research","headline":"The Ovulation Method: Ten Years of Research","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-ovulation-method-ten-years-of-research-recsnik8bjeifmyam/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Isabella D. Cooper","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7374-4340","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Westminster","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04ycpbx82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lucy Petagine","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2457-4001","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Westminster","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04ycpbx82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Adrian Soto-Mota","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00xgvev73"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tomás Duraj","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7778-0194","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Boston College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02n2fzt79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas N. Seyfried","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1491-3989","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Biology Department, Boston College"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Derek C. Lee","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Boston College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02n2fzt79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Naja Cooper","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen Mary University of London","sameAs":"https://ror.org/026zzn846"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yvoni Kyriakidou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8883-2228","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Westminster","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04ycpbx82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","pageStart":"1731915","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-emotional-aspects-of-infertility-experiences-of-three-couples-recaceda5ykufxnfe/","name":"The Emotional Aspects of Infertility: Experiences of Three Couples","headline":"The Emotional Aspects of Infertility: Experiences of Three Couples","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-emotional-aspects-of-infertility-experiences-of-three-couples-recaceda5ykufxnfe/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"El Samawal Elhakim","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"IVI Middle East Fertility Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04x3fmq96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alaa Fouad","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Merck (Germany)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b2dty93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mansour Alorf","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jahra Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05kjeqc29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alyah Al Saadoun","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ibn Sina Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05359he25"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sajida Detho","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Al Ain Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/000c39f30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","pageStart":"1664160","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/artificial-insemination-of-single-women-recuqq3coiz2uns2u/","name":"Artificial insemination of single women","headline":"Artificial insemination of single women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/artificial-insemination-of-single-women-recuqq3coiz2uns2u/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Tong Du","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010826a91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wenjuan Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4188-4466","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ckt8b96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Suqun Zhang","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010826a91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qifeng Lyu","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010826a91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yanping Kuang","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010826a91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ben W Mol","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8337-550X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00q6h8f30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yuanyuan Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7687-7816","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"City of Hope","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01z1vct10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiaoyan Mao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9041-9689"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dong Zhao","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010826a91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"McGuire M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1328-6111"}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1705695","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3967780"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/placental-synthesis-of-steroid-hormones-in-maternal-fetal-endocrinology-reck1buf8u7dkvky0/","name":"Placental Synthesis of Steroid Hormones in Maternal-Fetal Endocrinology","headline":"Placental Synthesis of Steroid Hormones in Maternal-Fetal Endocrinology","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/placental-synthesis-of-steroid-hormones-in-maternal-fetal-endocrinology-reck1buf8u7dkvky0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacob R. Beal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8122-7121","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047426m28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiaolei Song","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6964-2349","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"BGI Group (China)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045pn2j94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Athilakshmi Kannan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5889-8157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047426m28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jingjing Yu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0077-9301","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fujian University of Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03c8fdb16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Indrani C. Bagchi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6032-2632","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047426m28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Milan K. Bagchi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0371-2463","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047426m28"}}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-pathology-and-treatment-of-leucorrhœa-recsgapqubvjujaiw/","name":"The Pathology and Treatment of Leucorrhœa","headline":"The Pathology and Treatment of Leucorrhœa","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-pathology-and-treatment-of-leucorrhœa-recsgapqubvjujaiw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Keechilat Pavithran","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6129-5709","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Indhu Ramachandran Nair","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4846-4037","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Pathology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anupama Rajanbabu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2885-8098","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ajay Sasidharan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7355-8249","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India"}}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Atlanta Medical and Surgical Journal"}}},"pageStart":"488","pageEnd":"491","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35823350"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-pathogenesis-diagnosis-and-treatment-of-chronic-endometritis-a-comprehensive-yfu6ldva/","name":"The pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of chronic endometritis: a comprehensive review","headline":"The pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of chronic endometritis: a comprehensive review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-pathogenesis-diagnosis-and-treatment-of-chronic-endometritis-a-comprehensive-yfu6ldva/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yan X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jiao J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xi Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9885-356X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Northwestern University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/000e0be47"}}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","abstract":"Chronic endometritis (CE) is a subtle but persistent inflammatory disorder of the endometrium that is often underdiagnosed due to its asymptomatic or non-specific presentation. The etiology of CE primarily involves microbial infections and immune dysregulation, often accompanied by microbial dysbiosis. Diagnosis relies on histopathological examination, especially the identification of stromal plasma cells, alongside hysteroscopic findings and microbiological testing, though standardization remains lacking. Mechanistically, CE-induced infertility stems from altered immune cell profiles, impaired endometrial receptivity, aberrant decidualization, dysbiosis of the endometrial microbiota, and abnormal uterine peristalsis. Aberrant gene expression and hormone receptor dysregulation further disrupt the implantation window. This review summarizes current understanding of the diagnostic criteria, pathogenic mechanisms, and therapeutic strategies for CE, emphasizing its crucial role in infertility and the need for standardized clinical management.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in endocrinology"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2025.1603570","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fendo.2025.1603570"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"40575265"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/international-committee-for-monitoring-assisted-reproductive-technologies-world--yuobcrzx/","name":"International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technologies world report: assisted reproductive technology, 2019","headline":"International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technologies world report: assisted reproductive technology, 2019","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/international-committee-for-monitoring-assisted-reproductive-technologies-world--yuobcrzx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Silke Dyer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6196-8187","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Groote Schuur Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00c879s84"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chambers G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jwa S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Baker V"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Banker M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacques de Mouzon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9465-3488","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elgindy E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fu B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ishihara O"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kupka M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fernando Zegers-Hochschild","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6234-6179","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Clínica Las Condes","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j5bwe91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"GD Adamson"}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","abstract":"ICMART world report on global assisted reproductive technology activity in 2019. Reports utilization, effectiveness, and safety data submitted from national and regional registries worldwide. Pre-pandemic activity baseline. Authors: Dyer S, Chambers GM, Jwa SC, Baker VL, Banker M, de Mouzon J, Elgindy E, Fu B, Ishihara O, Kupka M, Zegers-Hochschild F, Adamson GD.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"124","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"679","pageEnd":"693","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2025.06.003","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2025.06.003"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/telomere-length-in-offspring-is-determined-by-mitochondrialnuclear-communication-zvcmzfco/","name":"Telomere length in offspring is determined by mitochondrial-nuclear communication at fertilization","headline":"Telomere length in offspring is determined by mitochondrial-nuclear communication at fertilization","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/telomere-length-in-offspring-is-determined-by-mitochondrialnuclear-communication-zvcmzfco/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Winstanley YE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rose RD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sobinoff AP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lin Wu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6729-2269","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0006swh35"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Adhikari D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qin Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1616-1805","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wells JK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wong LH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Szeto HH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Piltz SG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas PQ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Febbraio MA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carroll J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pickett HA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Russell DL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robker RL"}],"datePublished":"2025-01-01","abstract":"Abstract\nThe initial setting of telomere length during early life in each individual has a major influence on lifetime risk of aging-associated diseases; however there is limited knowledge of biological signals that regulate inheritance of telomere length, and whether it is modifiable is not known. We now show that when mitochondrial activity is disrupted in mouse zygotes, via exposure to 20% O2 or rotenone, telomere elongation between the 8-cell and blastocyst stage is impaired, with shorter telomeres apparent in the pluripotent Inner Cell Mass (ICM) and persisting after organogenesis. Identical defects of elevated mtROS in zygotes followed by impaired telomere elongation, occurred with maternal obesity or advanced age. We further demonstrate that telomere elongation during ICM formation is controlled by mitochondrial-nuclear communication at fertilization. Using mitochondrially-targeted therapeutics (BGP-15, MitoQ, SS-31, metformin) we demonstrate that it is possible to modulate the preimplantation telomere resetting process and restore deficiencies in neonatal telomere length.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nature Communications"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-57794-7","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/s41467-025-57794-7"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relationship-between-chronic-endometritis-and-fallopian-tube-obstruction-and-its-recqpnv2rnueuxfwg/","name":"Relationship between chronic endometritis and fallopian tube obstruction and its  influence on pregnancy outcome after fallopian tubal recanalization","headline":"Relationship between chronic endometritis and fallopian tube obstruction and its  influence on pregnancy outcome after fallopian tubal recanalization","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relationship-between-chronic-endometritis-and-fallopian-tube-obstruction-and-its-recqpnv2rnueuxfwg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mukun Yang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7788-3356","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Beijing Shijitan Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0569k1630"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Guangxia Cui","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8133-2598","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Capital Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/013xs5b60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wenpei Bai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0077-6011","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Capital Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/013xs5b60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D K Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8549-5437","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yu Sun","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3827-021X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Capital Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/013xs5b60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shuaihong Zhao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9849-390X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Beijing Shijitan Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0569k1630"}}],"datePublished":"2024-12-30","abstract":"Background: Chronic endometritis (CE), frequently asymptomatic, is associated with female infertility. Fallopian tube obstruction (FTO) is also one of the factors contributing to female infertility. More than 90% of cases of proximal FTO can be successfully treated after fallopian tubal recanalization (FTR) and the spontaneous pregnancy rate of treated women after FTR is only about 30%. Potential factors affecting the success rate of FTR remain unclear. We speculate that CE may be one of the reasons affecting the recanalization of the fallopian tubes.\n\nObjectives: To identify the correlation between CE and FTO, as well as the influence of CE on pregnancy outcomes following FTR.\nDesign: Retrospective observational study.\n\nMethods: We retrospectively analyzed 498 women of childbearing age who underwent laparoscopy and hysteroscopy surgery for infertility. Endometrial samples were collected during surgery for CD138 immunohistochemistry staining for the diagnosis of CE. Based on the results of the tubal patency test, they were divided into two groups: the fallopian tubal patency group and the proximal FTO group. The prevalence of CE was compared between these two groups. All women with FTO underwent FTR during the operation until successful treatment was achieved. Pregnancy outcomes were assessed after a 12-month follow-up period following the procedures. Logistic regression was used to analyze factors that might affect pregnancy after FTR.\n\nResults: The prevalence of CE in women with tubal obstruction was 30.5%, which was significantly higher than that in the fallopian tubal patency group (10.75%), p < 0.001. After FTR, the prevalence of CE in non-pregnant women was 40.18%, which was higher than that in pregnant women (40.18% vs 13.11%), and the difference was significant (p < 0.001). Multiple regression analysis showed that CE was a significant risk factor for FTO (OR: 2.54, 95% CI: 1.368-4.717, p < 0.05). In addition, CE was identified as a risk factor for infertility after FTR (OR: 4.730, 95% CI: 2.012-11.122).\n\nConclusion: The presence of CE seems to decrease the likelihood of achieving spontaneous pregnancy following FTR. This observation underscores the clinical importance of early detection and treatment of CE, emphasizing the necessity for immediate intervention to prevent potential fertility complications.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Therapeutic Advances in Reproductive Health"}},"pageStart":"26334941241308413","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1177/26334941241308413","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/26334941241308413"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39734748"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-and-ovarian-cancer-reply-recyxy0rmdbsqtxu2/","name":"Endometriosis and Ovarian Cancer-Reply","headline":"Endometriosis and Ovarian Cancer-Reply","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-and-ovarian-cancer-reply-recyxy0rmdbsqtxu2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mollie E Barnard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4843-4655","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Matthew Peterson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4644-602X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2024-12-24","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"332","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA"}}},"pageStart":"2117","pageEnd":"2118","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2024.21911","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jama.2024.21911"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39621324"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/validation-of-administrative-health-data-for-the-identification-of-endometriosis-recdu24iqlecjkqvf/","name":"Validation of administrative health data for the identification of endometriosis  diagnosis","headline":"Validation of administrative health data for the identification of endometriosis  diagnosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/validation-of-administrative-health-data-for-the-identification-of-endometriosis-recdu24iqlecjkqvf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rachel S Myrer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Utah Valley University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02rxpxc98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B T Bucher","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8376-9752","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Eilbeck","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0831-6427","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Matthew Peterson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4644-602X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Z Pollack","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4313-3298","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"George Mason University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leslie V Farland","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7455-8531","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine -...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rachael Hemmert","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A C Kiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3025-3853","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael W Varner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9455-3973","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2024-12-20","abstract":"STUDY Question: How do endometriosis diagnoses and subtypes reported in administrative health data compare with surgically confirmed disease?\n\nSUMMARY ANSWER: For endometriosis diagnosis, we observed substantial agreement and high sensitivity and specificity between administrative health data-International Classification of Diseases (ICD) 9 codes-and surgically confirmed diagnoses among participants who underwent gynecologic laparoscopy or laparotomy.\n\nWHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Several studies have assessed the validity of self-reported endometriosis in comparison to medical record reporting, finding strong confirmation. We previously reported high interand intra-surgeon agreement for endometriosis diagnosis in the Endometriosis, Natural History, Diagnosis, and Outcomes (ENDO) Study.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: In this validation study, participants (n = 412) of the Utah operative cohort of the ENDO Study (2007-2009) were linked to medical records from the Utah Population Database (UPDB) to compare endometriosis diagnoses from each source. The UPDB is a unique database containing linked data on over 11 million individuals, including statewide ambulatory and inpatient records, state vital records, and University of Utah Health and Intermountain Healthcare electronic healthcare records, capturing most Utah residents.\n\nPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, Methods: The ENDO operative cohort consisted of individuals aged 18-44 years with no prior endometriosis diagnosis who underwent gynecologic laparoscopy or laparotomy for a variety of surgical indications. In total, 173 women were diagnosed with endometriosis based on surgical visualization of disease, 35% with superficial endometriosis, 9% with ovarian endometriomas, and 14% with deep infiltrating endometriosis. Contemporary administrative health data from the UPDB included ICD diagnostic codes from Utah Department of Health in-patient and ambulatory surgery records and University of Utah and Intermountain Health electronic health records.\n\nMAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: For endometriosis diagnosis, we found relatively high sensitivity (0.88) and specificity (0.87) and substantial agreement (Kappa [Κ] = 0.74). We found similarly high sensitivity, specificity, and agreement for superficial endometriosis (n = 143, 0.86, 0.83, Κ = 0.65) and ovarian endometriomas (n = 38, 0.82, 0.92, Κ = 0.58). However, deep infiltrating endometriosis (n = 58) had lower sensitivity (0.12) and agreement (Κ = 0.17), with high specificity (0.99).\n\nLIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: Medication prescription data and unstructured data, such as clinical notes, were not included in the UPDB data used for this study. These additional data types could aid in detection of endometriosis. Most participants were white or Asian with Hispanic ethnicity reported 11% of the time, which may limit generalizability to some US states. Additionally, given that participants whose administrative health records we utilized were also part of the ENDO Study, the surgeons may have been more vigilant in diagnostic coding due to the operative forms they completed for the ENDO Study, which may have led to increased validity. However, the codes compared in the UPDB would have been entered by medical coders as part of standard clinical practice.\n\nWIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE Findings: We observed substantial agreement between administrative health data and surgically confirmed endometriosis diagnoses overall, and for superficial and ovarian endometrioma subtypes. These findings may provide reassurance to researchers using administrative healthcare records to assess risk factors and long-term health outcomes of endometriosis. Our findings corroborate prior research that demonstrates high specificity but low sensitivity for deep infiltrating endometriosis, indicating deep infiltrating endometriosis is not reliably annotated in administrative healthcare data. This suggests that medical record-based deep infiltrating endometriosis diagnoses may be suitable for etiologic studies but not for surveillance or detection studies. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S): The original ENDO Study was funded by the Intramural Research Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health (contracts NO1-DK-6-3428; NO1-DK-6-3427; 10001406-02). We acknowledge partial support for the UPDB through grant P30 CA2014 from the National Cancer Institute, University of Utah and from the University of Utah's program in Personalized Health and Center for Clinical and Translational Science. This research was also supported by the NCRR grant, 'Sharing Statewide Health Data for Genetic Research' (R01 RR021746, G. Mineau, PI) with additional support from the Utah Department of Health and Human Services, University of Utah. Additionally, this research was supported by the Utah Cancer Registry, which is funded by the National Cancer Institute's SEER Program, Contract No. HHSN261201800016I, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Program of Cancer Registries, Cooperative Agreement No. NU58DP007131, with additional support from the University of Utah and Huntsman Cancer Foundation. Research reported in this publication was also supported by the National Institutes of Health (Award Numbers R01HL164715 [to L.V.F., K.C.S., and A.Z.P.] and K01AG058781 [to K.C.S.]), by the Huntsman Cancer Institute's Breast and Gynecologic Cancers Center, and by the Doris Duke Foundation's COVID-19 Fund to Retain Clinical Scientists funded by the American Heart Association. A.C.K. was supported by Training Grant Number 5T15LM007124 from the National Library of Medicine to K.E. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health or other sponsors. There are no competing interests among any of the authors.\n\nTRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: N/A.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"40","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"289","pageEnd":"295","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deae281","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/deae281"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39704741"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lab-based-semen-parameters-as-predictors-of-long-term-health-in-men-a-systematic-reczclk1urijzc2dn/","name":"Lab-based semen parameters as predictors of long-term health in men-a systematic  review","headline":"Lab-based semen parameters as predictors of long-term health in men-a systematic  review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lab-based-semen-parameters-as-predictors-of-long-term-health-in-men-a-systematic-reczclk1urijzc2dn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Abha Maheshwari","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7357-8536","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Aberdeen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016476m91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Silvia Nedelcu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6027-3445","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Aberdeen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016476m91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Srisailesh Vitthala","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1382-3578","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dubai Medical College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05nydfs77"}}],"datePublished":"2024-12-16","abstract":"STUDY Question: Can semen parameters predict long-term health outcomes in men?\n\nSUMMARY ANSWER: There is a lack of evidence to suggest a higher risk of comorbidities in men with poor semen concentration.\n\nWHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Male infertility has been long associated with a higher mortality risk and possibly higher chance of developing comorbidities but there has been less focus on semen analysis as a potential predictive factor. STUDY DESIGN SIZE DURATION: We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and EBM databases from inception to December 2023. MESH term strategy: heading 1 ('OR', semen analysis, sperm count, sperm parameter*, male infertility, azoospermia, aspermia, oligospermia, teratozoospermia, asthenozoospermia) 'AND' heading 2 ('OR', morbidity, mortality, diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular, death, hypertension, stroke, long-term health). We included all studies that analyzed the risk of mortality and/or future development of comorbidities in men with at least one semen analysis. Case series and reviews were excluded. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS SETTING\n\nMethods: A narrative synthesis was done for all studies and meta-analysis where possible. Odds ratio (ORs) (95% CI, P-value) were calculated for all men with one suboptimal semen parameter and associated with the risk of a particular outcome. The risk of bias was assessed with QUADAS-2.\n\nMAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: Twenty-one studies were finally included. There was either a high or unclear risk of bias in all studies. The results only allowed for meta-analysis on categories of sperm concentration. We found a 2-fold increase in mortality risk in azoospermic men compared to oligospermic (OR 1.96, 95% CI: 1.29-2.96) and normozoospermic (OR 2.00, 95% CI: 1.23-3.25) groups, but not in oligospermic compared to normozoospermic (OR 1.04, 95% CI: 0.52-2.09). There was no difference in risk of cardiovascular disease in any of the sperm concentration groups (azoospermic-oligospermic OR 0.94, 95% CI: 0.74-1.20, azoospermic-normozoospermic OR 1.11, 95% CI: 0.71-1.75, and oligospermic-normozoospermic OR 1.12, 95% CI: 0.80-1.55). OR for diabetes in azoospermic men was higher only compared to oligospermic (OR 2.16, 95% CI: 1.55-3.01). The risk of all-site cancer was higher in azoospermic men compared to oligospermic (OR 2.16, 95% CI: 1.55-3.01) and normozoospermic (OR 2.18, 95% CI: 1.20-3.96). Only azoospermic men might be at higher risk of testicular cancer when compared to men with normal sperm concentration (OR 1.80, 95% CI: 1.12-2.89). LIMITATIONS REASONS FOR CAUTION: Although our pooled analysis shows an increased risk of mortality and all-site cancer risk in azoospermic men, the results show a lack of evidence to suggest a higher risk of comorbidities in men with poor semen concentration. Given the limited available data, the nature of the studies, and the high risk of bias, the results should be interpreted with caution.\n\nWIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE Findings: There is not enough data to confirm the usability of semen analysis as a predictor of poor long-term health in men, especially within the general population.\n\nSTUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS: No funding was obtained for this study. A.M. has received funding from Merck Serono, Ferring, Gedeon Richter, Pharmasure, and Cook Medical to attend medical conferences; has been a participant in an advisory board for Ferring; and has given an invited lecture for a Merck Serono advisory board. S.N. has received funding for medical conference attendance from Ferring and Cook Medical. REGISTRATION NUMBER: PROSPERO No. CRD42024507563.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2024","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction Open"}}},"pageStart":"hoae066","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hropen/hoae066","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/hropen/hoae066"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39678462"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/current-surgical-treatment-of-uterine-isthmocele-an-update-of-existing-literatur-reckgfhmdj201uq1e/","name":"Current surgical treatment of uterine isthmocele: an update of existing  literature","headline":"Current surgical treatment of uterine isthmocele: an update of existing  literature","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/current-surgical-treatment-of-uterine-isthmocele-an-update-of-existing-literatur-reckgfhmdj201uq1e/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Dimitrios Balafoutas","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6256-2127","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitätsklinikum Würzburg","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03pvr2g57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nikos Vlahos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8479-6517","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aretaeio Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qvqb543"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ralf Joukhadar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0127-480X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitätsklinikum Würzburg","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03pvr2g57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Konstantinos Stavridis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6921-0573","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aretaeio Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qvqb543"}}],"datePublished":"2024-12-16","abstract":"The prevalence of uterine isthmocele, also known as a uterine niche, has risen in parallel with increasing cesarean section (CS) rates, affecting approximately 60% of women depending on their history of cesarean deliveries. This condition, now categorized as cesarean scar disorder (CSD) by the \"Delphi consensus,\" is characterized by one primary or two secondary symptoms. Diagnosis can be made through transvaginal ultrasound, sonohysterography, hysteroscopy, or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Management of isthmocele may involve pharmacological or surgical interventions. This review aims to provide a thorough analysis of the surgical management options, focusing on postoperative symptom relief, intraoperative and postoperative complications, length of hospital stay, and impact on secondary infertility. PubMed was comprehensively searched for observational studies from inception to 07.08.2024. Surgical treatments include hysteroscopic resection, laparoscopic procedures, and vaginal approaches, all of which offer comparable symptom relief. However, the vaginal approach is associated with a longer hospital stay. The robotic-assisted approach shows promising results but lacks extensive data. Among surgical options, hysteroscopic treatment has the fewest complications but is generally avoided when residual myometrial thickness (RMT) is less than 3 mm. While many CSDs remain asymptomatic, and some women with uterine isthmocele may not wish to conceive, symptomatic patients or those desiring to conceive may benefit from surgical intervention. The choice of procedure should be based on individual patient characteristics, particularly RMT, to define the most appropriate surgical approach.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"311","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics"}}},"pageStart":"13","pageEnd":"24","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-024-07880-w","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00404-024-07880-w"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39680143"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/maternal-use-of-hormonal-contraception-and-risk-of-childhood-leukemia-a-scandina-reciaogiaiu7n8tgb/","name":"Maternal use of hormonal contraception and risk of childhood leukemia: A  Scandinavian population-based cohort study","headline":"Maternal use of hormonal contraception and risk of childhood leukemia: A  Scandinavian population-based cohort study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/maternal-use-of-hormonal-contraception-and-risk-of-childhood-leukemia-a-scandina-reciaogiaiu7n8tgb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Caroline H Hemmingsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5420-1981","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Danish Cancer Society","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ytt7k16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susanne K Kjaer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8347-1398","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Gynaecology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark. Electronic address: susanne@..."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarah Hjorth","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2841-5868","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oslo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01xtthb56"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ulrika Nörby","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0396-5986","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stockholm Health Care Services","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04d5f4w73"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anton Pottegård","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9314-5679","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern Denmark","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yrrjy16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Justine Bénévent","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9048-5336","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse","sameAs":"https://ror.org/017h5q109"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kjeld Schmiegelow","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0829-4993","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035b05819"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Charlotte Wessel Skovlund","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6234-359X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Danish Cancer Society","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ytt7k16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maarit K Leinonen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-4749","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03tf0c761"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hedvig Nordeng","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6361-2918","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Norwegian Institute of Public Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/046nvst19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lina Steinrud Mørch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6506-2569","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Danish Cancer Society","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ytt7k16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marie Hargreave","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6821-9242","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Danish Cancer Society","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ytt7k16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anne Broe","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern Denmark","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yrrjy16"}}],"datePublished":"2024-12-13","abstract":"Background: Maternal hormonal contraception use has been associated with childhood leukemia risk. However, studies are few and often based on self-reported information.\n\nMethods: Using registry data from Denmark, Norway, and Sweden, we identified 3,183,316 children (born 1996-2018) and followed them from birth until leukemia diagnosis, censoring (death, emigration, other cancer, 20th birthday) or study closure (December 31st, 2017, 2018 or 2020). We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) for childhood leukemia (any, lymphoid and non-lymphoid) associated with maternal recent use (≤ 3 months before or during pregnancy) or previous use (before recent use) of hormonal contraception overall and by type, compared to no use.\n\nResults: During 29,455,528 person-years, 1701 children developed leukemia (no use: 518, previous use: 974, recent use: 209). Maternal recent use of hormonal contraception was associated with an increased leukemia risk in children (HR 1.22, 95 % CI 1.04-1.44; incidence rate per 1,000,000 person-years [IR] 65), compared to no use (IR 53). The association was strongest for non-lymphoid leukemia (HR 1.69, 95 % CI 1.20-2.37) and mainly driven by the oral combined products, both for any leukemia (HR 1.29, 95 % CI 1.05-1.59) and non-lymphoid leukemia (HR 1.75, 95 % CI 1.17-2.62). Additionally, non-lymphoid leukemia was associated with recent use of the non-oral progestin-only products (HR 2.10, 95 % CI 1.28-3.44).\n\nConclusions: Although the absolute risk was low, maternal hormonal contraception use up to or during pregnancy was associated with an increased childhood leukemia risk, particularly non-lymphoid leukemia, and mainly driven by oral combined and non-oral progestin-only products.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"215","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European Journal of Cancer (Oxford, England : 1990)"}},"pageStart":"115168","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2024.115168","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ejca.2024.115168"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39667251"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/editorial-opportunities-and-challenges-of-human-preconception-research-rectfmigl0kfz5vzr/","name":"Editorial: Opportunities and challenges of human preconception research","headline":"Editorial: Opportunities and challenges of human preconception research","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/editorial-opportunities-and-challenges-of-human-preconception-research-rectfmigl0kfz5vzr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Linda G Kahn","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6512-6160","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"New York University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0190ak572"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Evelyn Xiu Ling Loo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7690-3191","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National University of Singapore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gita D Mishra","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9610-5904","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"School of Public Health University of Queensland Herston QLD Australia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00rqy9422"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Evelyn Loo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7804-388X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute of Human Development and Potential (A*STAR) and Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore."}}],"datePublished":"2024-12-12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Reproductive Health"}},"pageStart":"1508151","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frph.2024.1508151","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/frph.2024.1508151"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39665035"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/httpswwwasrmorgpractice-guidancepractice-committee-documentsevidence-based-guideline-premature-ovarian-insufficiency-2024-recfacrgybzgx4wck/","name":"Evidence-based guideline: premature ovarian insufficiency","headline":"Evidence-based guideline: premature ovarian insufficiency","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/httpswwwasrmorgpractice-guidancepractice-committee-documentsevidence-based-guideline-premature-ovarian-insufficiency-2024-recfacrgybzgx4wck/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Panay N, Anderson RA, Bennie A, Cedars M, Davies M, Ee C, Gravholt CH, Kalantaridou S, Kallen A, Kim KQ, Misrahi M, Mousa A, Nappi RE, Rocca WA, Ruan X, Teede H, Vermeulen N, Vogt E, Vincent AJ, ESHRE, ASRM, CREWHIRL, and IMS Guideline Group on POI"}],"datePublished":"2024-12-09","abstract":"Study question: How should premature/primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) be diagnosed and managed based on the best available evidence from published literature?Summary answerThe current guideline provides 145 recommendations on symptoms, diagnosis, causation, sequelae, and treatment of POI.\n\nWhat is known already: Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) presents a significant challenge to women's health, with far-reaching implications, both physically and emotionally. The potential implications include adverse effects on quality of life; fertility; and bone, cardiovascular, and cognitive health. Although hormone therapy (HT) can mitigate some of these effects, many questions still remain regarding the optimal management of POI.Study design size durationThe guideline was developed according to the structured methodology for development of ESHRE guidelines. Key questions were determined by a group of experts and informed by a scoping survey of women and health care professionals. Literature searches and assessments were then performed. Papers published up to 30 January 2024 and written in English were included in the guideline. An integrity review was conducted for the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on POI included in the guideline.\n\nParticipants/materials setting methodsBased on the collected evidence, recommendations were formulated and discussed within the guideline development group until consensus was reached. Women with lived experience of POI informed the recommendations in general, and particularly on those on provision of care. A stakeholder review was organized after finalization of the draft. The final version was approved by the guideline development group and the ESHRE Executive Committee.\n\nMain result: s and the role of chanceNew data indicate a higher prevalence of POI, 3.5%, than was previously thought. This guideline aims to help health care professionals to apply best practice care for women with POI. The recent update of the POI guideline covers 40 clinical questions on diagnosis of the condition, the different sequelae, including bone, cardiovascular, neurological and sexual function, fertility and general well-being, and treatment options, including HT. The list of clinical questions was expanded from the previous iteration of the guideline (2015) based on the scoping survey and appreciation of emerging knowledge of POI. Questions were added on the role of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) in the diagnosis of POI, fertility preservation, muscle health, and specific considerations for HT in iatrogenic POI. Additionally, the topic on complementary treatments was extended with specific focus on non-hormonal treatments and lifestyle management options. Significant changes from the previous 2015 guideline include the recommendations that only one elevated FSH >25 IU is required for diagnosis of POI, and guidance that AMH testing, repeat FSH measurement, and/or AMH may be required where there is diagnostic uncertainty. Recommendations were also updated regarding genetic testing, estrogen doses and regimens, use of the combined oral contraceptive and testosterone therapy. Women with lived experience of POI informed the recommendations on provision of care.\n\nLimitations reasons for cautionThe guideline describes different management options, but it must be acknowledged that for most of these options, supporting evidence is limited for POI.\n\nWider implication: s of the findingsThe guideline provides health care professionals with clear advice on best practice in POI care, based on the best evidence currently available. In addition, a list of research recommendations is provided to guide further studies in POI.Study funding/competing interestsThe guideline was developed and funded by ESHRE, American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM), Centre for Research Excellence in Women's Health in Reproduction Life (CRE-WHiRL), and International Menopause Society (IMS), covering expenses associated with the guideline meetings, literature searches, and dissemination of the guideline. The guideline group members did not receive payments. N.P. declared grants from Bayer Pharma (research and consultancy) and NIHR-research POISE; consulting fees from Abbott, Astellas, Bayer, Besins, Lawley, Mithra, Theramex, Viatris; honoraria from Astellas, Bayer, Besins, Gedeon Richter, Theramex, Viatris; support for attending meetings and/or travel from Astellas, Bayer, Theramex, Viatris; President, International Menopause Society, Medical Advisory Committee member, British Menopause Society, Patron Daisy Network. A.J.V. declared grants from Amgen Australia, Australian NHMRC, and Australian MRFF; consulting fees from IQ Fertility; honoraria from the Australasian Menopause Society; participation on a Data Safety Monitoring Board or Advisory Board of Astellas; Board Member of the International Menopause Society (2020 to current) and Past president of the Australasian Menopause Society (2017-2019); R.A.A. declared grants from Roche (Research support, to institution), and participation on a Data Safety Monitoring Board of Bayer. M.C. declared grants from NHI; payments or honoraria from Up-to-Date (as editor/reviewer); Board Member of American Society of Reproductive Medicine, and of American Gynecological and Obstetrical Society. M.D. declared (NIHR-HTA Reference Number: NIHR133461; NIHR-HTA Reference Number: NIHR128757; Action Medical Research and Borne: GN2818) consulting fees from a small personal medical practice, support for attending meetings and/or travel from ESHRE, Bayer and UCLH special Trustees; Participation on the Advisory Board of the British Menopause Society, UKSTORE project, the Progress Educational Trust, and the Turner Syndrome Support Society UK; Leadership or fiduciary roles in the British Fertility Society (Trustee), Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Hospital Charity (chair of Trustees), and the Essex Wynter charitable trust (Trustee). C.E. declared being Chair of a SIG from the Royal Australian College of General Practitioners Integrative Medicine Specific Interest Group and Program Lead for Next Practice Western Sydney Integrative Health. C.H.G. declared grants from Novo Nordisk Foundation (Nos. NNF15OC0016474 and NNF20OC0060610), sygesikringen danmark (No 2022-0189), and the Independent Research Fund Denmark (Nos. 0134-00406 and 0134-00130B); consulting fees from Novo Nordisk, Merck, and Astra Zeneca. S.K. declared grants from Roche diagnostics. A.K. declared grants from NIH R01 5R01HD101475; consulting fees as Medical Reviewer for Flo and for Healthline; honoraria as Medical Consultant for Summus; support for attending meetings from the Reproductive Scientist Development Program; Society for Reproductive Investigation Council Member and Society for Assisted Reproduction Registry/Validation Chair; R.E.N. declared consulting fees from Astellas, Bayer Pharma, Besins Healthcare, Fidia, Theramex; honoraria from Abbott, Astellas, Exeltis, Fidia, Gedeon Richter, Merck & Co, Novo Nordisk, Shionogi Limited, Theramex, Viatris; payment for expert testimony from Vichy Laboratories; Participation in Data Safety Monitoring Board of Advisory board from Astellas and Bayer Healthcare; President elect of the International Menopause Society (IMS). H.T. declared a grant from NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence for women's health in reproductive life. A.B. declared being chair of the Daisy Network Charity. The other authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.DisclaimerThis guideline represents the views of ESHRE, ASRM, CRE-WHiRL, and IMS, which were achieved after careful consideration of the scientific evidence available at the time of preparation. In the absence of scientific evidence on certain aspects, a consensus between the relevant stakeholders has been obtained. Adherence to these clinical practice guidelines does not guarantee a successful or specific outcome, nor does it establish a standard of care. Clinical practice guidelines do not replace the need for application of clinical judgement to each individual presentation, nor variations based on locality and facility type. The collaborating societies make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding the clinical practice guidelines and specifically exclude any warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular use or purpose. (Full disclaimer available at www.eshre.eu/guidelines.).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2024","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction open"}}},"pageStart":"hoae065","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hropen/hoae065","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/hropen/hoae065"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39660328"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evidence-based-guideline-premature-ovarian-insufficiency-recaieeabmuvia3vb/","name":"Evidence-based guideline: premature ovarian insufficiency(†)(‡)","headline":"Evidence-based guideline: premature ovarian insufficiency(†)(‡)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evidence-based-guideline-premature-ovarian-insufficiency-recaieeabmuvia3vb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Panay N, Anderson RA, Bennie A, Cedars M, Davies M, Ee C, Gravholt CH, Kalantaridou S, Kallen A, Kim KQ, Misrahi M, Mousa A, Nappi RE, Rocca WA, Ruan X, Teede H, Vermeulen N, Vogt E, Vincent AJ"}],"datePublished":"2024-12-09","abstract":"STUDY Question: How should premature/primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) be diagnosed and managed, based on the best available evidence from published literature?\n\nSUMMARY ANSWER: The current guideline provides 145 recommendations on symptoms, diagnosis, causation, sequelae and treatment of POI.\n\nWHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: POI presents a significant challenge to women's health, with far-reaching implications, both physically and emotionally. The potential implications include adverse effects on quality of life, on fertility and on bone, cardiovascular and cognitive health. Although hormone therapy (HT) can mitigate some of these effects, many questions still remain regarding the optimal management of POI.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: The guideline was developed according to the structured methodology for development of European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) guidelines. Key questions were determined by a group of experts and informed by a scoping survey of women and healthcare professionals. Literature searches and assessment were then performed. Papers published up to 30 January 2024 and written in English were included in the guideline. An integrity review was conducted for the randomized controlled trials on POI included in the guideline.\n\nPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, Methods: Based on the collected evidence, recommendations were formulated and discussed within the guideline development group until consensus was reached. Women with lived experience of POI informed the recommendations in general, and particularly those on provision of care. A stakeholder review was organized after finalization of the draft. The final version was approved by the guideline development group and the ESHRE Executive Committee.\n\nMAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: New data indicate a higher prevalence of POI, 3.5%, than was previously thought. This guideline aims to help healthcare professionals apply best practice care for women with POI. The recent update of the POI guideline covers 40 clinical questions on diagnosis of the condition, the different sequelae, including bone, cardiovascular, neurological and sexual function, fertility and general well-being, and treatment options, including HT. The list of clinical questions was expanded from the previous iteration of the guideline (2015) based on the scoping survey and appreciation of emerging knowledge of POI. Questions were added on the role of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) in the diagnosis of POI, fertility preservation, muscle health and specific considerations for HT in iatrogenic POI. Additionally, the topic on complementary treatments was extended with specific focus on non-hormonal treatments and lifestyle management options. Significant changes from the previous 2015 guideline include the recommendations that only one elevated follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) >25 IU is required for diagnosis of POI and guidance that AMH testing, repeat FSH measurement and/or AMH may be required where there is diagnostic uncertainty. Recommendations were also updated regarding genetic testing, estrogen doses and regimens, use of the combined oral contraceptive and testosterone therapy. Women with lived experience of POI informed the recommendations on provision of care.\n\nLIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: The guideline describes different management options, but it must be acknowledged that for most of these options, supporting evidence is limited for POI.\n\nWIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE Findings: The guideline provides healthcare professionals with clear advice on best practice in POI care, based on the best evidence currently available. In addition, a list of research recommendations is provided to guide further studies in POI.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"27","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Climacteric : the Journal of the International Menopause Society"}}},"pageStart":"510","pageEnd":"520","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13697137.2024.2423213","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/13697137.2024.2423213"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39647506"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ischemic-stroke-in-users-of-combined-hormonal-contraceptives-a-danish-registry-s-recfz5pt2oyfbcvkq/","name":"Ischemic Stroke in Users of Combined Hormonal Contraceptives: A Danish Registry  Study","headline":"Ischemic Stroke in Users of Combined Hormonal Contraceptives: A Danish Registry  Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ischemic-stroke-in-users-of-combined-hormonal-contraceptives-a-danish-registry-s-recfz5pt2oyfbcvkq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Klaus Kaae Andersen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3573-092X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kjobenhavns Telefon Aktieselskab (Denmark)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/005e54928"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gasper Letnar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3817-5430","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kjobenhavns Telefon Aktieselskab (Denmark)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/005e54928"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tom Skyhøj Olsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7462-4789","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bispebjerg Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00td68a17"}}],"datePublished":"2024-12-09","abstract":"Background: The combined hormonal contraceptive (CHC) with ethinylestradiol and progestins is the most widely used contraceptive method among young women and is used by millions worldwide. However, uncertainties exist about the risk of ischemic stroke associated with the use of CHCs with low-dose ethinylestradiol (<50-µg ethinylestradiol) and with the newest fourth-generation progestins that have only been sparsely investigated for the risk of ischemic stroke.\n\nMethods: In this cohort study based on Danish registries covering the entire Danish female population aged 18 to 49 years from 2004 to 2021, we investigated incidence rate ratios (IRRs) of ischemic stroke using CHCs compared with nonuse of hormonal contraceptives. Analyses focused on comparing CHCs based on ethinylestradiol content (30-40versus ≤20-μg ethinylestradiol), progestin generation (second, third, and fourth) in CHCs, and route of administration (monophasic versus sequential). Poisson regression models adjusting for age, education, ethnicity, calendar year, and medication used for risk factors were utilized.\n\nResults: In total, 1 711 757 nonpregnant women contributed 14 697 788 person-years to the investigation. For users of CHCs containing <50-µg ethinylestradiol, the adjusted IRR was increased by 1.77 (95% CI, 1.62-1.93) compared with nonusers of hormonal contraceptives. IRR did not differ between CHCs with 30to 40and ≤20-µg ethinylestradiol. Adjusted incidence rate difference between CHC users and nonusers of hormonal contraceptives ranged from 1 in 100 000 women per year in 18 to 24 years of age to 24 in 100 000 women per year in ≥45 years of age. Incidence rate in users of fourth-generation CHCs was 30% lower than that of second-generation CHCs adjusted IRR (0.70 [95% CI, 0.50-0.98]). IRR for users of third-generation CHCs did not differ significantly from that of second-generation users adjusted IRR (1.14 [95% CI, 0.97-1.35]).\n\nConclusions: Use of CHCs was associated with a 1.77 higher IRR of ischemic stroke. IRR did not relate to ethinylestradiol content in users of CHCs with <50-µg ethinylestradiol. IRR was 30% lower in users of fourth-generation than in users of second-generation CHCs.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"56","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Stroke"}}},"pageStart":"276","pageEnd":"284","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.124.049252","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1161/STROKEAHA.124.049252"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39648905"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/using-anti-müllerian-hormone-to-predict-premature-ovarian-insufficiency-a-retros-recxsp14p020bc2ub/","name":"Using anti-Müllerian hormone to predict premature ovarian insufficiency: a  retrospective cross-sectional study","headline":"Using anti-Müllerian hormone to predict premature ovarian insufficiency: a  retrospective cross-sectional study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/using-anti-müllerian-hormone-to-predict-premature-ovarian-insufficiency-a-retros-recxsp14p020bc2ub/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Meiling Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7536-160X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhengzhou University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04ypx8c21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yuanxin Huang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5509-4671","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Huiting Jiangzhou","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiaojun Kuang","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dongmei Lai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7604-4570","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dongjian Yang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0588-9876","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"}}],"datePublished":"2024-12-04","abstract":"Background: Premature ovarian insufficiency/failure (POI/POF) is a significant issue for women of reproductive age. Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is a potential biomarker of ovarian reserve, but its clinical value in diagnosing and predicting POI/POF remains unclear. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between AMH and basal follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels in women aged 18 to 40 and evaluate AMH's predictive value for POI/POF.\n\nMethods: A total of 21,143 participants aged 18-40 who visited the gynecology department or underwent physical examinations at the International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital in Shanghai, China, from July 2016 to June 2021 were enrolled. Demographic information and laboratory test results were collected, including age, FSH, AMH, E2 and test dates. Participants were grouped by FSH and AMH levels, and subgroup analyses were performed to investigate the relationship between these hormones and age. The AMH level associated with POI risk was evaluated using restricted cubic splines (RCS) and logistic regression. Clinical benefit was assessed by decision curve analysis (DCA).\n\nResults: Participants with higher FSH levels had significantly lower median AMH levels and vice versa(p<0.001). At AMH ≥ 0.5 ng/mL, FSH levels were normal or slightly elevated with age. At AMH level below 0.5ng/ml,basal FSH increased significantly with age. At FSH <10 IU/L, AMH levels show a trend of rising and then decreasing with age, reaching a peak at approximately 25 years old and gradually decreasing with age. At FSH ≥10 IU/L, AMH levels show a gradual downward trend with age, and at FSH >40 IU/L, AMH levels remain very low to undetectable values. The RCS showed that the risk of POI/POF in the overall population sharply increased until serum AMH reached a low level (below 0.5ng/ml). DCA showed that a low AMH level had good clinical diagnostic utility in predicting POI/POF.\n\nConclusion: Our analysis of a large dataset suggests that serum AMH levels are inversely correlated with FSH levels and that AMH is a good predictor of POI until it drops to a low level.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology"}},"pageStart":"1454802","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2024.1454802","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fendo.2024.1454802"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39629049"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/rtac-code-of-practice-for-reproductive-technology-units-australia-and-new-zealan-tml78lnz/","name":"RTAC Code of Practice for Reproductive Technology Units (Australia and New Zealand) - December 2024 (Issue 9)","headline":"RTAC Code of Practice for Reproductive Technology Units (Australia and New Zealand) - December 2024 (Issue 9)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/rtac-code-of-practice-for-reproductive-technology-units-australia-and-new-zealan-tml78lnz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Reproductive Technology Accreditation Committee"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fertility Society of Australia and New Zealand"}],"datePublished":"2024-12-01","abstract":"RTAC Code of Practice (Issue 9) governing accreditation requirements for reproductive technology units operating in Australia and New Zealand. Sets standards for clinical, laboratory, and quality-management practices that ART centres must meet to remain RTAC-accredited and eligible to submit cycles to ANZARD. Includes patient safety, embryology laboratory, donor-program, and incident-reporting requirements. Effective from December 2024.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility Society of Australia and New Zealand - RTAC"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recognizing-endometrial-cancer-risks-in-perimenopausal-and-postmenopausal-experiences-insights-from-community-qualitative-interviews-and-workshop-rec0wfww4bw4t3m4w/","name":"Recognizing Endometrial Cancer Risks in Perimenopausal and Postmenopausal Experiences: Insights From Community Qualitative Interviews and Workshop","headline":"Recognizing Endometrial Cancer Risks in Perimenopausal and Postmenopausal Experiences: Insights From Community Qualitative Interviews and Workshop","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recognizing-endometrial-cancer-risks-in-perimenopausal-and-postmenopausal-experiences-insights-from-community-qualitative-interviews-and-workshop-rec0wfww4bw4t3m4w/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mohamed Gamal Ibrahim","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6648-9281","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nuffield Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01w2zd907"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aline Talhouk","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7760-410X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00frst980"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mohamed A Bedaiwy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3454-8555","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Madeline Dow","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4126-290X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karman Johal","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrea Neilson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2024-12-01","abstract":"Objectives: To evaluate the experiences of perimenopausal and postmenopausal women in British Columbia, their perceptions of expected reproductive aging, and potential concerns about endometrial cancer (EC).\n\nMethods: We interviewed 31 midlife community women of diverse backgrounds and hosted a workshop for more in-depth discussion. We summarized relayed experiences and beliefs through a thematic and descriptive analysis of participant stories and workshop feedback.\n\nResults: Participants demonstrated a somewhat simplistic understanding of midlife changes, facing this phase of life with a \"tough-it-out\" attitude rather than seeking medical help for arising symptoms. Awareness of EC and EC-specific risk factors, such as obesity, was low. Confusion between cervical and EC was common. Although abnormal bleeding was seen as potentially of concern, many opted to wait before seeking medical help. Workshop participants stressed the need to include awareness about EC in a broader conversation about perimenopause and menopause and suggested strategies for disseminating EC awareness.\n\nConclusions: Community women in British Columbia demonstrated low awareness of EC-associated symptoms and risk factors. There is little information to help distinguish when perimenopausal abnormal uterine bleeding is of concern and when to seek help. This highlights the need to enhance knowledge of EC and its risk factors in perimenopause among the public and among health care providers.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"46","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada : JOGC = Journal d'obstetrique et gynecologie du Canada : JOGC"}}},"pageStart":"102707","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jogc.2024.102707","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jogc.2024.102707"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39486517"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/family-formations-in-fertility-treatment-2022-recntnmtrc6yinxfx/","name":"Family Formations in Fertility Treatment 2022","headline":"Family Formations in Fertility Treatment 2022","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/family-formations-in-fertility-treatment-2022-recntnmtrc6yinxfx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority"}],"datePublished":"2024-11-26","abstract":"# Family formations in fertility treatment 2022\nPreliminary UK family type statistics for IVF and DI treatment, storage, and donation\nPublished: November 2024\n[Download the underlying dataset as .xlsx](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/media/zpjlvhnd/family-formations-in-fertility-treatment-2022-underlying-dataset.xlsx \"Download the underlying dataset for the ‘Family formations in fertility treatment 2022’ report\")\n## Table of contents\n- [Main points](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/family-formations-in-fertility-treatment-2022/#main-points)\n- [Introduction](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/family-formations-in-fertility-treatment-2022/#introduction)\n- [Section 1: The proportion of female same-sex couples and single patients having fertility treatment has changed](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/family-formations-in-fertility-treatment-2022/#section-1)\n- [Section 2: IVF birth rates highest among female same-sex couples](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/family-formations-in-fertility-treatment-2022/#section-2)\n- [Section 3: Single patients are starting IVF younger than previous years](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/family-formations-in-fertility-treatment-2022/#section-3)\n- [Section 4: Patient population changes between those storing eggs and thawing them](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/family-formations-in-fertility-treatment-2022/#section-4)\n- [Section 5: Average IVF multiple birth rate decreased across all family types](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/family-formations-in-fertility-treatment-2022/#section-5)\n- [Section 6: Female same-sex couples and single patients had the lowest levels of NHS funding](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/family-formations-in-fertility-treatment-2022/#section-6)\n- [Section 7: Up to two-thirds o...","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/is-vaginal-repair-a-good-option-for-severe-cesarean-scar-defect-comparison-of-wo-rec2avqpjvovk8zm6/","name":"Is Vaginal Repair a Good Option for Severe Cesarean Scar Defect? Comparison of  Women With or Without Residual Myometrium","headline":"Is Vaginal Repair a Good Option for Severe Cesarean Scar Defect? Comparison of  Women With or Without Residual Myometrium","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/is-vaginal-repair-a-good-option-for-severe-cesarean-scar-defect-comparison-of-wo-rec2avqpjvovk8zm6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Elodie Debras","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7213-4230","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bicêtre Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c9p1x46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hervé Fernandez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8720-0114","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00pg5jh14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lena Bardet","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bicêtre Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c9p1x46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Quentin Berl","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bicêtre Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c9p1x46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Perrine Capmas","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4232-5140","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Bicetre Hospital, Le Kremlin Bicetre, France (all authors); Faculty of Medicine, University Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin Bicetre, France (Drs. Fernandez and Cap...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anne-Gaelle Pourcelot","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bicêtre Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c9p1x46"}}],"datePublished":"2024-11-23","abstract":"STUDY Objective: To compare outcomes of vaginal surgery in women with moderate or severe symptomatic cesarean scar defect (with or without residual myometrium).\nDesign: Retrospective cohort study.\nSetting: Gynecology department of a teaching hospital.\n\nPatients: Fifty-three women, between January 2014 and December 2019, underwent vaginal surgery for symptomatic cesarean scar defect: 20 women with moderate defect (with residual myometrium) and 33 with severe defect (without residual myometrium).\n\nInterventions: Vaginal surgical approach to repair cesarean scar defect. MEASUREMENTS AND\n\nMAIN Results: surgery by comparing the myometrial residual thickness before and after surgery. The secondary objectives were evaluation of vaginal surgery efficacy on symptoms resolution, per and postoperative courses, and subsequent fertility. Failure rate was evaluated as the need for a second surgery. After vaginal surgery, the residual myometrium significantly increased from 2.4 mm ± 0.9 mm to 6.6 mm ± 2.4 mm (p <.01) in the moderate group and from 0 mm to 4.4 mm ± 2.2 mm (p <.01) in the severe group. The prevalence of abnormal uterine bleeding was significantly reduced after surgery in both groups (p <.01). Pelvic pain was significantly reduced only in the moderate group (p <.01). The rate of complications (5% vs 9.1%) and second surgery (15% vs 24.2%) were not significantly different between moderate and severe groups, respectively. The median time to conceive (7 months vs 12 months); pregnancy rates (84.6% vs 68.2%); and live birth rates (76.9% vs 50%) were not statistically significant in the moderate and severe groups respectively, with 90% of pregnancies occurring naturally. Women delivered by cesarean section at 38 weeks of gestation in both groups, and no uterine rupture was reported.\n\nConclusion: Despite the absence of residual myometrium, vaginal repair of severe cesarean scar defect was effective in increasing myometrial thickness, in relieving bleeding symptoms, and in allowing to achieve pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"352","pageEnd":"357","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2024.10.023","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jmig.2024.10.023"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39577558"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/whittaker-aagl-2024-smap-ncl/","name":"Case Series: Diagnosis and Treatment of Four Rare Cancers by a Single Surgeon Due to Systematic Mapping and Near Contact Techniques","headline":"Case Series: Diagnosis and Treatment of Four Rare Cancers by a Single Surgeon Due to Systematic Mapping and Near Contact Techniques","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/whittaker-aagl-2024-smap-ncl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Naomi M Whittaker","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3706-3112","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UPMC Divine Mercy Women's Health"}}],"datePublished":"2024-11-16","abstract":"No standard criteria exist for how to perform a diagnostic laparoscopy. This case series provides evidence of the importance of standardized, reproducible techniques. A single non-oncologic gynecologic surgeon used Near-Contact Laparoscopy (NCL) and Systematic Mapping of the Abdomen and Pelvis (S-MAP) techniques, resulting in the incidental finding and curative treatment of 4 rare cancers over 3 years. Three were neuroendocrine tumors of the appendix (incidence 0.95/100,000; probability of 3 by one surgeon: 0.0000000001). The fourth was a 2 mm well-differentiated papillary mesothelioma (WDPM). All 4 were cured. 3 of 3 infertile patients subsequently achieved pregnancy. The NCL technique was originally coined by Dr. Redwine (PMID: 3190209). The S-MAP method was described in the NaProTechnology textbook by Dr. Thomas Hilgers, and the S-MAP term coined by this author. Case D used robotic-assisted laser excision. Standardization should be incorporated as the gold standard.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"31","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"S66","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2024.09.699","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jmig.2024.09.699"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/additives-in-processed-foods-as-a-potential-source-of-endocrinedisrupting-chemic-w8hjb0v0/","name":"Additives in Processed Foods as a Potential Source of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals: A Review","headline":"Additives in Processed Foods as a Potential Source of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals: A Review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/additives-in-processed-foods-as-a-potential-source-of-endocrinedisrupting-chemic-w8hjb0v0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Paramasivam A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Murugan R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jeraud M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dakkumadugula A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Periyasamy R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arjunan S"}],"datePublished":"2024-11-04","abstract":"Processed foods, accounting for most consumable food categories today, contain considerable amounts of food additives. Food additives are substances added to food products to improve taste, consistency, appearance, or shelf life. Various food additives, such as phthalates, bisphenol A, tartrazine, erythrosine, artificial sweeteners, and parabens, have been identified as potential sources of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in processed foods. EDCs are substances that frequently interfere with the regular functioning of the endocrine system, creating an unusual environment in the biological system, which leads to adverse health effects such as the disruption of hormone synthesis, receptor binding, and signal transduction pathways, as well as energy metabolic homeostatic disorders which potentially increasing the risk of obesity, type-2 diabetes, cardiometabolic diseases and may also trigger allergic reactions. Consequently, they can also impact mammary gland development, and reproductive function, further leading to developmental abnormalities. This review aims to insights into the various food additives that act as potential endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and to describe their applications in the food industry, as well as the failure of hormonal homeostatic mechanisms, which eventually result in hazardous health effects. It also outlines strategies to reduce the use of food additives and suggests alternative additives with minimal or no endocrine-disrupting properties, highlighting their importance for maintaining human health.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of xenobiotics"}}},"pageStart":"1697","pageEnd":"1710","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jox14040090","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/jox14040090"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39584955"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovarian-reserve-does-not-influence-natural-conception-insights-from-infertile-wo-7nblbliu/","name":"Ovarian reserve does not influence natural conception: insights from infertile women","headline":"Ovarian reserve does not influence natural conception: insights from infertile women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovarian-reserve-does-not-influence-natural-conception-insights-from-infertile-wo-7nblbliu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Galati G","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5289-4013"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marco Reschini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9868-3043","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016zn0y21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chine' A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laura Benaglia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7404-9830","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016zn0y21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vigano' P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Edgardo Somigliana","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0223-0032","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016zn0y21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paolo Vercellini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4195-0996","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016zn0y21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Muzii","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7195-9583","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}}],"datePublished":"2024-11-01","abstract":"PURPOSE: There is several albeit not univocal evidence suggesting that ovarian reserve is not related to the chance of natural pregnancy, provided that the remnant follicular pool is sufficient to ensure regular menstrual cycles. Nevertheless, available studies have some methodological limitations, and the issue cannot be considered definitively ascertained.\n\nMETHODS: To further address this issue, we retrospectively selected infertile women whose infertility diagnostic work-up was unremarkable (unexplained infertility-cases) and matched them by age and study period to a group of infertile women who were diagnosed with severe male infertility (controls). If ovarian reserve impacts on natural fertility, one had to expect lower ovarian reserve among women with unexplained infertility. Tested biomarkers included AMH, AFC and day 2-3 serum FSH. The primary aim was the frequency of women with serum AMH < 0.7 ng/ml.\n\nRESULTS: Two-hundred fifty-two women with unexplained infertility and 252 women with male infertility were included. All biomarkers of ovarian reserve did not differ between the study groups. AMH levels < 0.7 ng/mL were observed in 26 (10%) women with unexplained infertility and 35 (14%) women with male infertility (p = 0.28). The adjusted OR was 0.76 (95% CI: 0.44-1.33). Significant differences did not also emerge when repeating this dichotomous analysis using other biomarkers and other thresholds for the definition of low-ovarian reserve.\n\nCONCLUSION: This study confirms that ovarian reserve is unremarkable to natural conception. Physicians and patients should be aware of this concept to avoid inappropriate counseling and undue clinical decisions.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"310","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Archives of gynecology and obstetrics"}}},"pageStart":"2691","pageEnd":"2696","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-024-07741-6","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00404-024-07741-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39340554"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/state-of-the-fertility-sector-20232024-recv288qozxq0y4ol/","name":"State of the Fertility Sector 2023/2024","headline":"State of the Fertility Sector 2023/2024","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/state-of-the-fertility-sector-20232024-recv288qozxq0y4ol/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority"}],"datePublished":"2024-11-01","abstract":"# State of the fertility sector 2023/24\nAnnual publication on HFEA licensed clinics\n(1st April 2023 – 31st March 2024)\nPublished: 1st October 2024\n[Download the underlying dataset as .xlsx](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/media/cjwjns5j/state-of-the-fertility-sector-2023-2024-underlying-dataset.xlsx \"State of the fertility sector 2023-2024 - underlying dataset\")\n## Table of contents\n- [How we regulate](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/state-of-the-fertility-sector-2023-2024/#how-we-regulate)\n- [1\\. Inspections in 2023/24](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/state-of-the-fertility-sector-2023-2024/#section-1)\n- [2\\. There were 226 non-compliances identified at inspection in 2023/24](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/state-of-the-fertility-sector-2023-2024/#section-2)\n- [3\\. In 2023/24, 135 clinics were licensed by the HFEA to provide fertility treatment, storage and/or research](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/state-of-the-fertility-sector-2023-2024/#section-3)\n- [4\\. Total incidents reduced by 8% compared to the previous financial year](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/state-of-the-fertility-sector-2023-2024/#section-4)\n- [5\\. Fewer Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) incidents were reported in 2023/24](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/state-of-the-fertility-sector-2023-2024/#section-5)\n- [6\\. Patient complaints in 2023/24 were consistent with the previous financial year](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/state-of-the-fertility-sector-2023-2024/#section-6)\n- [About our data](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/state-of-the-fertility-sector-2023-2024/#about-our-data)\n## How we regulate\nThe Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA) is the independent regulator of fertility treatment and human embryo research in the United Ki...","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/increased-incidence-of-endometriosis-coexisting-with-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-i-recbcms7feegfpfe6/","name":"Increased Incidence of Endometriosis Coexisting with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Infertile Patients","headline":"Increased Incidence of Endometriosis Coexisting with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Infertile Patients","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/increased-incidence-of-endometriosis-coexisting-with-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-i-recbcms7feegfpfe6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kemahli M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Miray Nilufer Cimsit Kemahli"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Eser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4675-808X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yilmaz B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Banu Muserref Yilmaz"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Banu Coşkun Yılmaz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7723-9146"}],"datePublished":"2024-11-01","pageStart":"104548","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prospective-1-year-assessment-of-within-woman-variability-of-follicular-and-luteal-phase-lengths-in-healthy-women-prescreened-to-have-normal-menstrual-cycle-and-luteal-phase-lengths-reckjrhsqkpd8sxp3/","name":"Prospective 1-year assessment of within-woman variability of follicular and luteal phase lengths in healthy women prescreened to have normal menstrual cycle and luteal phase lengths","headline":"Prospective 1-year assessment of within-woman variability of follicular and luteal phase lengths in healthy women prescreened to have normal menstrual cycle and luteal phase lengths","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prospective-1-year-assessment-of-within-woman-variability-of-follicular-and-luteal-phase-lengths-in-healthy-women-prescreened-to-have-normal-menstrual-cycle-and-luteal-phase-lengths-reckjrhsqkpd8sxp3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sonia Shirin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7866-3419","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Azita Goshtasebi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarah Henry","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3829-3262","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UBC Centre for Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation Research , Vancouver, BC,"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2024-11-01","abstract":"Study Question: What is the relative length variance of the luteal phase compared to the follicular phase within healthy, non-smoking, normal-weight, proven normally ovulatory, premenopausal women with normal-length menstrual cycles?\n\nSummary Answer: Prospective 1-year data from 53 premenopausal women with two proven normal-length (21-36 days) and normally ovulatory (≥10 days luteal) menstrual cycles upon enrollment showed that, despite 29% of all cycles having incident ovulatory disturbances, within-woman follicular phase length variances were significantly greater than luteal phase length variances.\n\nWhat Is Known Already: Many studies report menstrual cycle variability, yet few describe variability in follicular and luteal phase lengths. Luteal lengths are assumed 'fixed' at 13-14 days. Most studies have described follicular and luteal phase variability between-women.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, Duration: This study was a prospective, 1-year, observational cohort study of relative follicular and luteal phase variability both between and within community-dwelling women with two documented normal-length (21-36 days) and normally ovulatory (≥10 days luteal phase) menstrual cycles prior to enrollment. Eighty-one women enrolled in the study and 66 women completed the 1-year study. This study analyzed data from 53 women with complete data for ≥8 cycles (mean 13). PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING,\n\nMethods: Participants were healthy, non-smoking, of normal BMI, ages 21-41 with two documented normal-length (21-36 days) and normally ovulatory (≥10 days luteal phase) menstrual cycles prior to enrollment. Participants recorded first morning temperature, exercise durations, and menstrual cycle/life experiences daily in the Menstrual Cycle Diary. We analyzed 694 cycles utilizing a twice-validated least-squares Quantitative Basal Temperature method to determine follicular and luteal phase lengths. Statistical analysis compared relative follicular and luteal phase variance in ovulatory cycles both between-women and within-woman. Normal-length cycles with short luteal phases or anovulation were considered to have subclinical ovulatory disturbances (SOD).\n\nMain Results and the Role of Chance: The 1-year overall 53-woman, 676 ovulatory cycle variances for menstrual cycle, follicular, and luteal phase lengths were 10.3, 11.2, and 4.3 days, respectively. Median variances within-woman for cycle, follicular, and luteal lengths were 3.1, 5.2, and 3.0 days, respectively. Menstrual cycles were largely of normal lengths (98%) with an important prevalence of Sod: 55% of women experienced >1 short luteal phase (<10 days) and 17% experienced at least one anovulatory cycle. Within-woman follicular phase length variances were greater than luteal phase length variances (P < 0.001). However, follicular (P = 0.008) and luteal phase length (P = 0.001) variances, without differences in cycle lengths, were greater in women experiencing any anovulatory cycles (n = 8) than in women with entirely normally ovulatory cycles (n = 6).\n\nLIMITATIONS, Reasons for Caution: Limitations of this study include the relatively small cohort, that most women were White, initially had a normal BMI, and the original cohort required two normal-length and normally ovulatory menstrual cycles before enrollment. Thus, this cohort's data underestimated population menstrual cycle phase variances and the prevalence of SOD. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: Our results reinforce previous findings that the follicular phase is more variable than the luteal phase in premenopausal women with normal-length and ovulatory menstrual cycles. However, our study adds to the growing body of evidence that the luteal phase is not predictably 13-14 days long. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S): This medical education project of the University of British Columbia was funded by donations to the Centre for Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation Research. The authors do not have any conflicts of interest to disclose.\n\nTrial Registration Number: N/A.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"39","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"2565","pageEnd":"2574","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deae215","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q140366009"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/deae215"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39320898"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q140366009"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nonlinear-correlation-between-serum-vitamin-d-levels-and-the-incidence-of-endome-recedx95v1ceb5rtx/","name":"Nonlinear correlation between serum vitamin D levels and the incidence of  endometrial polyps in infertile women","headline":"Nonlinear correlation between serum vitamin D levels and the incidence of  endometrial polyps in infertile women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nonlinear-correlation-between-serum-vitamin-d-levels-and-the-incidence-of-endome-recedx95v1ceb5rtx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhenghong Zhu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5415-8524","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangdong Province Women and Children Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0493m8x04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mei Dong","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2241-5402","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangdong Province Women and Children Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0493m8x04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhaoyi Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2390-1368","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangdong Province Women and Children Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0493m8x04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Li Huang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5388-0273","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangdong Province Women and Children Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0493m8x04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shu Wang"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fenghua Liu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1721-2550","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangdong Province Women and Children Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0493m8x04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiqian Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9305-8142","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangdong Province Women and Children Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0493m8x04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ruiqiong Zhou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8751-3818","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangdong Province Women and Children Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0493m8x04"}}],"datePublished":"2024-10-29","abstract":"STUDY Question: Are serum vitamin D levels associated with the incidence of endometrial polyps (EPs) in infertile patients?\n\nSUMMARY ANSWER: Serum 25(OH)D levels were nonlinearly correlated with the incidence of EPs in infertile women.\n\nWHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: EPs are a common condition that may affect the receptivity of the endometrium in women of reproductive age. Vitamin D regulates cell proliferation and differentiation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, anti-inflammation, and immunomodulation, in addition to its well-known functions in balancing calcium and phosphorus. Previous studies have shown that vitamin D concentrations are associated with reproductive outcomes, and that low vitamin D levels are associated with the incidence of colorectal polyps and nasal polyps. There is little evidence regarding the relationship between EPs and serum vitamin D levels.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: We conducted a cross-sectional study using data from Guangdong Women and Children Hospital from January 2019 to October 2023, enrolling 3107 patients.\n\nPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, Methods: A total of 3107 infertile patients who underwent hysteroscopy were included in this study; 642 patients had endometrial polyps and 2465 had a normal uterine cavity. Hysteroscopy findings included risk of EPs, polyp size, percentage of multiple polyps, and incidence of chronic endometritis (CE). Serum vitamin D were assessed by measuring total 25(OH)D using chemiluminescence. According to international guideline recommendations for vitamin D deficiency, patients were divided into two groups: the <50 nmol/l group and the ≥50 nmol/l group. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models, stratified analyses, and smooth curve fitting were used to examine the relationship between serum 25(OH)D levels and risk of EPs.\n\nMAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: Of all patients, 23.8% (740/3107) were vitamin D deficient (<50 nmol/l). The incidence of EPs was significantly higher in the 25(OH)D < 50 nmol/l group than in the ≥50 nmol/l group (24.9% vs 19.3%; P = 0.001). However, there were no differences in polyp size, proportion of multiple polyps, and presence of CE between the two groups. After controlling for confounders, 25(OH)D ≥ 50 nmol/l (compared with <50 nmol/l) was negatively associated with risk of EPs (adjusted OR, 0.733; 95% CI, 0.598-0.898). Other variables that had an impact on polyp incidence included BMI, type of infertility, CA125, and CD138-positive plasma cells. In addition, a linear regression model between age and serum 25(OH)D levels showed a positive linear association. Subgroup analyses were performed for different age groups, and the risk of EPs was significantly higher in the 25(OH)D < 50 nmol/l group than in the ≥50 nmol/l group, both in the younger subgroup (23.8% vs 19.1%) and in the older subgroup (28.0% vs 19.9%). The smooth curve fitting model showed a nonlinear correlation between 25(OH)D levels and risk of EPs (nonlinear P-value = 0.020), with an optimal threshold of 51.8 nmol/l for 25(OH)D levels. Moreover, subgroup smooth curve fitting models showed a nonlinear correlation between 25(OH)D levels and polyp risk in patients aged <35 years (nonlinear P-value = 0.010), whereas a linear correlation between 25(OH)D levels and polyp risk was found in patients aged ≥35 years (nonlinear P-value = 0.682).\n\nLIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: Caution should be exercised in interpreting our findings as this is a correlational study and causality cannot be inferred from our results. In addition, because of strict inclusion and exclusion criteria, our results may not be generalizable to unselected populations, including premenopausal women or women of other races.\n\nWIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE Findings: This study demonstrated for the first time that vitamin D deficiency is an independent risk factor for the incidence of EPs in infertile patients. Identifying modifiable risk factors (e.g. vitamin D deficiency) can help in the development of new strategies for treating polyps or to protect against polyp development. Further clinical intervention trials and laboratory studies are needed to evaluate the effect of vitamin D on the development of EPs and to elucidate the mechanisms. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S): The study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82101718) and Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China (2022A1515010776). No competing interest was involved in this study.\n\nTRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: N/A.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"39","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"2685","pageEnd":"2692","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deae241","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/deae241"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39470411"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/maternal-periconception-hyperglycemia-preconception-diabetes-and-risk-of-major-c-rectarhy0913ow73f/","name":"Maternal periconception hyperglycemia, preconception diabetes, and risk of major  congenital malformations in offspring","headline":"Maternal periconception hyperglycemia, preconception diabetes, and risk of major  congenital malformations in offspring","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/maternal-periconception-hyperglycemia-preconception-diabetes-and-risk-of-major-c-rectarhy0913ow73f/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Brian T. Bateman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5950-8683","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sonia Hernández–Dı́az","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1458-7642","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University Press","sameAs":"https://ror.org/006v7bf86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sonia Hernández-Diaz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8798-0851","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health , Boston, MA,"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Krista Huybrechts","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5805-8430","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ran S Rotem","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8378-3287","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marc G Weisskopf","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4513-9834","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health , Boston, MA,","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}}],"datePublished":"2024-10-16","abstract":"STUDY Question: What are the roles of maternal preconception diabetes and related periconceptional hyperglycemia on the risk of major congenital malformations (MCMs) in offspring?\n\nSUMMARY ANSWER: Maternal periconceptional glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels over 5.6% were associated with an increased risk of congenital heart defects (CHD) in the offspring, and maternal preconception diabetes was associated with an increased risk of CHD, including when HbA1c levels were within euglycemic ranges.\n\nWHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Maternal preconception diabetes has been linked with MCMs in the offspring. However, evidence concerning associations with specific periconception serum measures of hyperglycemia, and susceptibility of different organ systems, is inconsistent. Moreover, limited evidence exists concerning the effectiveness of antidiabetic medications in mitigating diabetes-related teratogenic risks.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: A large Israeli birth cohort of 46 534 children born in 2001-2020.\n\nPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, Methods: Maternal HbA1c test results were obtained from 90 days before conception to mid-pregnancy. Maternal diabetes, other cardiometabolic conditions, and MCMs in newborns were ascertained based on clinical diagnoses, medication dispensing records, and laboratory test results using previously validated algorithms. Associations were modeled using generalized additive logistic regression models with thin plate penalized splines.\n\nMAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: Maternal periconceptional HbA1c value was associated with CHD in newborns, with the risk starting to increase at HbA1c values exceeding 5.6%. The association between HbA1c and CHD was stronger among mothers with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) compared to the other diabetes groups. Maternal pre-existing T2DM was associated with CHD even after accounting for HbA1C levels and other cardiometabolic comorbidities (odds ratio (OR)=1.89, 95% CI 1.18, 3.03); and the OR was materially unchanged when only mothers with pre-existing T2DM who had high adherence to antidiabetic medications and normal HbA1c levels were considered.\n\nLIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: The rarity of some specific malformation groups limited the ability to conduct more granular analyses. The use of HbA1c as a time-aggregated measure of glycemic control may miss transient glycemic dysregulation that could be clinically meaningful for teratogenic risks.\n\nWIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE Findings: The observed association between pre-existing diabetes and the risk of malformations within HbA1c levels suggests underlying causal pathways that are partly independent of maternal glucose control. Therefore, treatments for hyperglycemia might not completely mitigate the teratogenic risk associated with maternal preconception diabetes. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S): The work was supported by NIH grants K99ES035433, R01HD097778, and P30ES000002. None of the authors reports competing interests.\n\nTRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: N/A.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"39","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"2816","pageEnd":"2829","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deae233","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/deae233"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39406385"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-and-pregnancy-outcomes---another-piece-to-a-complex-puzzle-rec2eurow5ypkgdlx/","name":"Endometriosis and pregnancy outcomes - another piece to a complex puzzle","headline":"Endometriosis and pregnancy outcomes - another piece to a complex puzzle","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-and-pregnancy-outcomes---another-piece-to-a-complex-puzzle-rec2eurow5ypkgdlx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Z Pollack","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4313-3298","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"George Mason University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leslie V Farland","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7455-8531","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine -...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45"}}],"datePublished":"2024-10-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"122","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"631","pageEnd":"632","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.07.025","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.07.025"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39053871"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hfea-code-of-practice-9th-edition-version-94-0n2bg9oa/","name":"HFEA Code of Practice (9th edition, version 9.4)","headline":"HFEA Code of Practice (9th edition, version 9.4)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hfea-code-of-practice-9th-edition-version-94-0n2bg9oa/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority"}],"datePublished":"2024-10-01","abstract":"The HFEA Code of Practice gives guidance to clinics about the proper conduct of activities licensed under the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 1990 (as amended). The 9th edition (effective 26 October 2023) was further amended for version 9.4 (effective 1 October 2024). The Code consolidates statutory regulations, license conditions, and HFEA guidance covering: clinic governance, staff training and qualifications, identity checks and consent, gamete and embryo storage, donor recruitment and screening, donation arrangements, treatment licensing, pre-implantation genetic testing, multiple births policy, surrogacy, witnessing procedures, traceability, adverse incidents reporting, complaints, research licensing, and information disclosure. Compliance with the Code is a statutory requirement for all UK clinics licensed by the HFEA. Version 9.4 includes updated guidance on donor compensation (effective October 2024) and known donation for people with undetectable HIV (effective November 2024).","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-fate-of-hazardous-textile-pollutants-in-an-upcycling-process-for-postconsume-flk7vtgo/","name":"The fate of hazardous textile pollutants in an upcycling process for post-consumer garments","headline":"The fate of hazardous textile pollutants in an upcycling process for post-consumer garments","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-fate-of-hazardous-textile-pollutants-in-an-upcycling-process-for-postconsume-flk7vtgo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Åström T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ruiz-Caldas MX"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Skedung L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chelcea I"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nilsson C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mathew AP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sadiktsis I"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nilsson U"}],"datePublished":"2024-10-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology"}},"pageStart":"100794","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clet.2024.100794","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.clet.2024.100794"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-mixed-exposure-to-microplastics-with-sperm-dysfunction-a-multisit-xfsiinhv/","name":"Association of mixed exposure to microplastics with sperm dysfunction: a multi-site study in China","headline":"Association of mixed exposure to microplastics with sperm dysfunction: a multi-site study in China","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-mixed-exposure-to-microplastics-with-sperm-dysfunction-a-multisit-xfsiinhv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Cuilian Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3721-8586","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Henan Provincial People's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03f72zw41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Guoxin Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1023-6597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jiangsu Province Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04py1g812"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sun K","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6391-5270"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ren J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jiong Zhou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3997-1045","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059cjpv64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiyao Liu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2556-6556","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/033vnzz93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lin F","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8275-3142"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Huanming Yang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0858-3410","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cao J","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2911-5896"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nie L","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9767-0550"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ping Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9163-6191","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Union Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/055gkcy74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ling Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7109-4225","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wuhan Union Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0371fqr87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhaoyi Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2390-1368","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangdong Province Women and Children Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0493m8x04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"haishan guo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Henan Agricultural University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04eq83d71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiaoyan Lin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0759-3913"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Duan S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hefeng Huang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4386-1455","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01byttc20"}}],"datePublished":"2024-10-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Microplastics are environmental pollutants detected in various human organs and tissues. These particles originate from multiple sources including the degradation of larger plastic items and the intentional inclusion in consumer goods. Potential risks for human health resulting from microplastics exposure have also been reported. However, the distribution in the male reproductive system and its effect remains largely unknown. This study aims to investigate the presence of multiple microplastics in human semen and urine and their association with sperm quality in a multi-site study across China.\n\nMETHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 113 male participants from three regions in China. Semen and urine samples were collected and analysed using Raman microscopy to detect eight types of microplastics: polystyrene (PS), polypropylene (PP), polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). Semen quality parameters, including total sperm count, concentration, motility, and morphology, were assessed. Statistical analyses, including single and multi-variable models, were used to evaluate the relationship between microplastic exposure and semen quality, with a focus on PTFE, after adjusting confounding factors of age, body mass index (BMI), smoking, alcohol drinking, and sites.\n\nFINDINGS: Microplastics were detected in all semen and urine samples, with participants typically exposed to 3-5 different types. The detection rates of PS, PP and PE were the highest. Notably, PTFE exposure was significantly associated with decreased semen quality. Participants exposed to PTFE showed reductions in total sperm count [188.90 ± 163.71 vs. 207.67 ± 132.36 million, p = 0.091], sperm concentration [52.13 ± 47.47 vs. 58.32 ± 37.26 million/mL, p = 0.041], and progressive motility [40.29% ± 19.06 vs. 34.11% ± 17.02, p = 0.083]. The multi-linear regression analysis indicated that each additional type of microplastic exposure was associated with a significant decrease in total sperm number [β = -15.4 (95% CI: -25.6, -5.2)], sperm concentration [β = -7.2 (95% CI: -12.4, -2.0)], and progressive motility [β = -8.3 (95% CI: -13.5, -3.1)]. Latent category analysis further refined these groups by types of microplastic exposure, highlighting specific types more strongly associated with decreased semen quality (OR = 3.5, 95% CI: 1.8, 6.9, p < 0.001). The nomogram can be used to assess the risk of sperm damage by combining the type of microplastic exposure in urine with age and BMI.\n\nINTERPRETATION: Our findings highlight the potential reproductive health risks posed by microplastic contamination, particularly PTFE, a non-stick pan coating material, and raise concerns about the potential of urine testing as an indicator of male reproductive microplastic exposure. Future research is warranted to further elucidate the mechanisms underlying the adverse effects of microplastics on male fertility and cross-generational effects.\n\nFUNDING: This study was funded by the Clinical Research Project of Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family planning (20224Y0085), Open Fund Project of Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences (YKY-KF202202), CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (2019-I2M-5-064), Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Gynecological Diseases (22MC1940200), Shanghai Urogenital System Diseases Research Centre (2022ZZ01012), Key Discipline Construction Project (2023-2025) of Three-Year Initiative Plan for Strengthening Public Health System Construction in Shanghai (GWVI-11.1-35, GWVI-11.2-YQ29) and Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Reproduction and Development.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"108","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"EBioMedicine"}},"pageStart":"105369","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105369","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105369"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39342804"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-long-term-rate-of-repeat-surgery-after-optimal-excision-surgery-of-endometriosis-at-a-single-tertiary-referral-center-recqlibe83zkcp2is/","name":"The Long-term Rate of Repeat Surgery After Optimal Excision Surgery of Endometriosis at a Single Tertiary Referral Center","headline":"The Long-term Rate of Repeat Surgery After Optimal Excision Surgery of Endometriosis at a Single Tertiary Referral Center","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-long-term-rate-of-repeat-surgery-after-optimal-excision-surgery-of-endometriosis-at-a-single-tertiary-referral-center-recqlibe83zkcp2is/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jeffrey A Gavard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0526-0314","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ayesha Mohan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9827-3183"}],"datePublished":"2024-09-19","abstract":"The primary purpose of this prospective cohort study was to determine if treating endometriosis with optimal excision surgery leads to lower rates of repeat surgery as compared to historical rates of repeat surgery by ablation. A secondary outcome was to examine whether the use of hormonal suppression differed before surgery, depending on the stage of endometriosis found at surgery. Optimal excision was defined as completely excising all areas of abnormal peritoneum, wherever found in the pelvis, having looked systematically with near contact laparoscopy. All surgeries were performed by a single surgeon specializing in optimal excision at a tertiary referral center. The rate of repeat surgery after optimal excision surgery for endometriosis was remarkably low (2.5%, 15/620) as compared to historical rates of repeat surgery by ablation. Additionally, the lack of significant evidence between hormonal suppression use and progression of stage of endometriosis provides implicit evidence that hormonal suppression does not prevent progression of the disease. Further controlled studies are needed to verify these findings.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta Scientific Women's Health"}}},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/supplementation-with-folic-acid-or-5methyltetrahydrofolate-and-prevention-of-neu-chwtjw04/","name":"Supplementation with Folic Acid or 5-Methyltetrahydrofolate and Prevention of Neural Tube Defects: An Evidence-Based Narrative Review","headline":"Supplementation with Folic Acid or 5-Methyltetrahydrofolate and Prevention of Neural Tube Defects: An Evidence-Based Narrative Review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/supplementation-with-folic-acid-or-5methyltetrahydrofolate-and-prevention-of-neu-chwtjw04/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Samaniego-Vaesken ML"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Morais-Moreno C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carretero-Krug A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Puga AM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Montero-Bravo AM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Partearroyo T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gregorio VM"}],"datePublished":"2024-09-18","abstract":"Background: Folic acid (FA), which in its chemical form is pteroylglutamic acid, is the fully oxidised, water-soluble, monoglutamic form of vitamin B9. This compound is part of the folate group but with higher bioavailability, and it is found in vitamin supplements and fortified foods and drugs. Folate metabolism is complex and associated with various metabolic pathways, all of which confer protection on the cell and allow its survival. Methods: We conducted a non-systematic search of articles published in English and Spanish including controlled trials, cohort studies, systematic re-views, and meta-analyses were included, as well as key studies in animal models related to pharmacokinetic studies. Search terms encompassed: \"folic acid\", \"folates\", \"5-metyltetrahydrofolate\", \"5-MTHF\", \"neural tube defects\", \"supplementation\", \"fortification\", AND \"homocysteine\" Results: A crucial role demonstrated for FA is to help prevent neural tube defects (NTDs). However, more studies are definitely still needed to establish 5-MTHF as a safe and effective therapeutic approach comparable with FA. Moreover, there is a lack of clinical studies that evaluate the efficacy of 5-MTHF supplementation in the prevention of NTDs. The present evidence-based narrative review discusses differences between FA and 5-MTHF in terms of structure, metabolism, bioavailability, clinical efficacy, and safety. Conclusions: Despite the potential value of 5-MTHF as an alternative to FA, clinical studies would be urgently needed to support the efficacy, dosage, timing, and/or safety of its use as a supplement.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nutrients"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16183154","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/nu16183154"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39339754"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/neuroactive-hormones-and-personal-growth-associations-in-chilean-adolescents-age-reclqzf4j47rsfh8y/","name":"Neuroactive hormones and personal growth: associations in Chilean adolescents  (ages 12-25) with ovulatory dysfunction","headline":"Neuroactive hormones and personal growth: associations in Chilean adolescents  (ages 12-25) with ovulatory dysfunction","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/neuroactive-hormones-and-personal-growth-associations-in-chilean-adolescents-age-reclqzf4j47rsfh8y/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Juan Pablo Del Río","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3126-0745","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Millennium Science Initiative","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01c080z51"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hugo Soto","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5741-229X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"San Sebastián University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04jrwm652"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Valeska Tapia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8772-7054","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Reproductive Health Research Institute, Santiago, Chile."}}],"datePublished":"2024-09-05","abstract":"Introduction: Hormones produced by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal-gonadal (HPAG) axis are crucial for modulating central nervous system (CNS) function and development throughout a person's life. Disruptions in HPAG function can impact psychological development, particularly during adolescence-a period marked by psychological growth and the maturation of the HPAG axis. An early indicator of HPAG alterations is ovulatory dysfunction (OD), a common condition among adolescents.\n\nMethods: This study explored the associations between neuroactive hormones and personal growth in adolescents with OD. Female participants aged 12-25 years with OD were recruited, and assessments were conducted to profile their basic hormonal levels and various dimensions of individual development, including self-concept clarity, sense of coherence, self-esteem, perfectionism, self-control, and mood states.\n\nResults: Adolescents with OD (n = 117) had lower self-concept clarity and self-esteem compared to reference data. A significant portion of the sample displayed elevated levels of tension (71.25%), confusion (62.5%), fatigue (58.22%), and depression (52.6%). Self-esteem scores were negatively correlated with DHEAS (r = -0.224; p = 0.026) and glucose (r = -0.249; p = 0.010). Higher levels of free testosterone were associated with increased depression scores (coef = 0.2398; p = 0.002), whereas higher estradiol levels were linked to lower aggressiveness scores (coef = -0.0648; p = 0.001).\n\nDISCUSSION: These findings indicate that hormonal imbalances in adolescents with OD could affect personal growth. Further research is needed to establish causal relationships between the variables considered.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Psychology"}},"pageStart":"1433437","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1433437","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1433437"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39233885"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/health-risks-from-exposure-to-chemicals-in-clothingnonregulated-halogenated-arom-1tewlzvq/","name":"Health risks from exposure to chemicals in clothing - Non-regulated halogenated aromatic compounds","headline":"Health risks from exposure to chemicals in clothing - Non-regulated halogenated aromatic compounds","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/health-risks-from-exposure-to-chemicals-in-clothingnonregulated-halogenated-arom-1tewlzvq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Carlsson J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dostberg A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Åström T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Matyjasiak J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kallin A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Juric S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nilsson U"}],"datePublished":"2024-09-01","abstract":"The objective of the present study was to investigate some commonly detected halogenated textile pollutants for their bioavailability and hazardous properties. Release into artificial sweat and skin absorption in vitro were examined as well as mutagenic effects by Ames test, and skin-sensitizing properties from a peptide reactivity assay combined with a cell test. All investigated compounds were shown to migrate from the textile into sweat and be absorbed by the skin, although to a different extent. The experimental values for migration were found to be up to 390 times higher compared to literature values. Two of the studied compounds, 2,5-dinitrochlorobenzene and 3,5-dinitrobromobenzene, both exhibited mutagenic effects in the Ames test, while both 2,5-dinitrochlorobenzene and 2,6-dichlorobenzene-1,4-diamine were classified as skin sensitizers. The allergenic reactivity of the latter was found to be due to an oxidized transformation product. Risks for the induction of skin allergy and other non-carcinogenic effects from dermal exposure to the individual compounds were found low, even when considering clothing with the highest reported levels. However, the complex mixtures of chemicals often present in garments may still constitute a health risk, especially when considering the many hours of daily exposure. It is important to further study the toxicity of other frequently occurring chemicals as well as the synergistic effects of chemicals that co-occur in clothing.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"363","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Chemosphere"}},"pageStart":"142930","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142930","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142930"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/associations-of-early-prolonged-secondary-amenorrhea-in-women-with-and-without-hiv-recdfmxsryuimssyr/","name":"Associations of Early Prolonged Secondary Amenorrhea in Women With and Without HIV","headline":"Associations of Early Prolonged Secondary Amenorrhea in Women With and Without HIV","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/associations-of-early-prolonged-secondary-amenorrhea-in-women-with-and-without-hiv-recdfmxsryuimssyr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Elizabeth M King","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3609-1736","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Simon Fraser University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0213rcc28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria Vitória da Silva","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5893-914X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00raa0r66"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hélène C F Côté","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0399-5141","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Health Research Institute, H214-4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia V6H 3N1, Canada; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Rm. G227 - 2211 Wesb...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0455vfz21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amber R Campbell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3068-7849","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Health Research Institute  Vancouver British Columbia Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Angela Kaida","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0329-1926","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Simon Fraser University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0213rcc28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mona Loutfy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7887-8997","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's College Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03cw63y62"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Melanie C M Murray","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9538-2758","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oak Tree Clinic, BC Women's Hospital and Health Centre, 4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 0A7, Canada; Women's Health Research Institute, H214-4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia V6...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0455vfz21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Davi Pang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5331-727X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Simon Fraser University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0213rcc28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shayda A Swann","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7507-3747","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2024-09-01","abstract":"Background: The menstrual cycle is a critical indicator of women's health. Early prolonged secondary amenorrhea increases risks for morbidity and mortality. Menstrual cycle research in women with HIV is inconsistent and often lacks an adequate comparison sample. We aimed to determine whether women with HIV have a higher lifetime prevalence of amenorrhea and whether this is independently associated with HIV and/or other biopsychosocial variables.\n\nMethods: With data from 2 established HIV cohorts, participants assigned female at birth were eligible if aged ≥16 years, not pregnant/lactating, and without anorexia/bulimia nervosa history. Amenorrhea was defined by self-reported history of (1) no menstrual flow for ≥12 months postmenarche not due to pregnancy/lactation, medications, or surgery or (2) early menopause or premature ovarian insufficiency. Multivariable logistic regression models explored biopsychosocial covariates of amenorrhea.\n\nResults: Overall, 317 women with HIV (median age, 47.5 years [IQR, 39.2-56.4]) and 420 women without HIV (46.2 [32.6-57.2]) were included. Lifetime amenorrhea was significantly more prevalent among women with HIV than women without HIV (24.0% vs 13.3%). In the multivariable analysis, independent covariates of amenorrhea included HIV (adjusted odds ratio, 1.70 [95% CI, 1.10-2.64]), older age (1.01 [1.00-1.04]), White ethnicity (1.92 [1.24-3.03]), substance use history (6.41 [3.75-11.1]), and current food insecurity (2.03 [1.13-3.61]).\n\nConclusions: Nearly one-quarter of women with HIV have experienced amenorrhea, and this is associated with modifiable risk factors, including substance use and food insecurity. Care providers should regularly assess women's menstrual health and advocate for actionable sociostructural change to mitigate risks.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Open forum infectious diseases"}}},"pageStart":"ofae493","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofae493","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/ofid/ofae493"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39301109"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prenatal-cannabis-use-and-maternal-pregnancy-outcomes-prh900tg/","name":"Prenatal Cannabis Use and Maternal Pregnancy Outcomes","headline":"Prenatal Cannabis Use and Maternal Pregnancy Outcomes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prenatal-cannabis-use-and-maternal-pregnancy-outcomes-prh900tg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Young-Wolff KC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Adams SR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexeeff SE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yeyi Zhu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7296-738X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chojolan E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Slama NE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Does MB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Silver LD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ansley D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Castellanos CL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lyndsay A Avalos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8349-866X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaiser Permanente","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t60zh31"}}],"datePublished":"2024-09-01","abstract":"IMPORTANCE: Many studies have evaluated whether in utero cannabis exposure is associated with fetal and neonatal outcomes, yet little is known about whether prenatal cannabis use is associated with maternal health outcomes during pregnancy.\n\nOBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether prenatal cannabis use is associated with maternal health outcomes during pregnancy.\n\nDESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This population-based retrospective cohort study included pregnancies in Northern California from January 2011 to December 2019 that lasted 20 weeks or longer and were screened for prenatal cannabis use.\n\nEXPOSURES: Prenatal cannabis use was defined as any self-reported use during early pregnancy or a positive toxicology test result based on universal screening at entrance to prenatal care (approximately 8-10 weeks' gestation). Self-reported frequency of use (daily, weekly, monthly or less, never, unknown), use defined only by self-report, and use defined only by toxicology test results were examined.\n\nMAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Electronic health record data were used to define the following outcomes: gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, eclampsia, gestational diabetes, gestational weight gain greater and less than guidelines, placenta previa, placental abruption, placenta accreta, and severe maternal morbidity. Adjusted risk ratios (aRRs) were calculated using a modified Poisson regression.\n\nRESULTS: The sample (n = 316 722 pregnancies; 250 221 unique individuals) included 84 039 (26.5%) Asian/Pacific Islander, 20 053 (6.3%) Black, 83 145 (26.3%) Hispanic, and 118 333 (37.4%) White individuals; the mean (SD) age was 30.6 (5.4) years. Overall, 20 053 (6.3%) screened positive for prenatal cannabis use; 2.9% were positive by self-report, 5.3% by toxicology testing, and 1.8% by both. The frequency of cannabis use was 1930 (0.6%) daily, 2345 (0.7%) weekly, 4892 (1.5%) monthly or less, and 10 886 (3.4%) unknown. Prenatal cannabis use was associated with greater risk of gestational hypertension (aRR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.13-1.21), preeclampsia (aRR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.01-1.15), weight gain less than (aRR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.01-1.08) and greater than (aRR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.08-1.10) guidelines, and placental abruption (aRR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.05-1.36). The pattern of results was similar when defining prenatal cannabis use only by self-report or only by toxicology testing, and associations between the frequency of prenatal cannabis use and outcomes varied with outcome.\n\nCONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The results of this cohort study suggest that prenatal cannabis use was associated with several adverse maternal health outcomes during pregnancy. Continued research is needed to understand whether characteristics of prenatal cannabis use (eg, dose, mode, and timing) moderate these associations.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"184","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA internal medicine"}}},"pageStart":"1083","pageEnd":"1093","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.3270","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.3270"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39037795"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-nomogram-and-risk-stratification-to-predict-subsequent-pregnancy-loss-in-patie-rec8rpnob3iibd27m/","name":"A nomogram and risk stratification to predict subsequent pregnancy loss in  patients with recurrent pregnancy loss","headline":"A nomogram and risk stratification to predict subsequent pregnancy loss in  patients with recurrent pregnancy loss","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-nomogram-and-risk-stratification-to-predict-subsequent-pregnancy-loss-in-patie-rec8rpnob3iibd27m/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ruiqiong Zhou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8751-3818","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangdong Province Women and Children Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0493m8x04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dan Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5114-0445","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Meiling Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7536-160X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhengzhou University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04ypx8c21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Di Yu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4118-2763","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aimin Zhao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9911-4440","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"}}],"datePublished":"2024-08-23","abstract":"STUDY Question: Could the risk of subsequent pregnancy loss be predicted based on the risk factors of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) patients?\n\nSUMMARY ANSWER: A nomogram, constructed from independent risk factors identified through multivariate logistic regression, serves as a reliable tool for predicting the likelihood of subsequent pregnancy loss in RPL patients.\n\nWHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Approximately 1-3% of fertile couples experience RPL, with over half lacking a clear etiological factor. Assessing the subsequent pregnancy loss rate in RPL patients and identifying high-risk groups for early intervention is essential for pregnancy counseling. Previous prediction models have mainly focused on unexplained RPL, incorporating baseline characteristics such as age and the number of previous pregnancy losses, with limited inclusion of laboratory and ultrasound indicators.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: The retrospective study involved 3387 RPL patients who initially sought treatment at the Reproductive Immunology Clinic of Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, between 1 January 2020 and 31 December 2022. Of these, 1153 RPL patients met the inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis.\n\nPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, Methods: RPL was defined as two or more pregnancy losses (including biochemical pregnancy loss) with the same partner before 28 weeks of gestation. Data encompassing basic demographics, laboratory indicators (autoantibodies, peripheral immunity coagulation, and endocrine factors), uterine and endometrial ultrasound results, and subsequent pregnancy outcomes were collected from enrolled patients through initial questionnaires, post-pregnancy visits fortnightly, medical data retrieval, and telephone follow-up for lost patients. R software was utilized for data cleaning, dividing the data into a training cohort (n = 808) and a validation cohort (n = 345) in a 7:3 ratio according to pregnancy success and pregnancy loss. Independent predictors were identified through multivariate logistic regression. A nomogram was developed, evaluated by 10-fold cross-validation, and compared with the model incorporating solely age and the number of previous pregnancy losses. The constructed nomogram was evaluated using the AUC, calibration curve, decision curve analysis (DCA), and clinical impact curve analysis (CICA). Patients were then categorized into lowand high-risk subgroups.\n\nMAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: We included age, number of previous pregnancy losses, lupus anticoagulant, anticardiolipin IgM, anti-phosphatidylserine/prothrombin complex IgM, anti-double-stranded DNA antibody, arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation, thrombin time and the sum of bilateral uterine artery systolic/diastolic ratios in the nomogram. The AUCs of the nomogram were 0.808 (95% CI: 0.770-0.846) in the training cohort and 0.731 (95% CI: 0.660-0.802) in the validation cohort, respectively. The 10-fold cross-validated AUC ranged from 0.714 to 0.925, with a mean AUC of 0.795 (95% CI: 0.750-0.839). The AUC of the nomogram was superior compared to the model incorporating solely age and the number of previous pregnancy losses. Calibration curves, DCAs, and CICAs showed good concordance and clinical applicability. Significant differences in pregnancy loss rates were observed between the lowand high-risk groups (P < 0.001).\n\nLIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: This study was retrospective and focused on patients from a single reproductive immunology clinic, lacking external validation data. The potential impact of embryonic chromosomal abnormalities on pregnancy loss could not be excluded, and the administration of medication to all cases impacted the investigation of risk factors for pregnancy loss and the model's predictive efficacy.\n\nWIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE Findings: This study signifies a pioneering effort in developing and validating a risk prediction nomogram for subsequent pregnancy loss in RPL patients to effectively stratify their risk. We have integrated the nomogram into an online web tool for clinical applications. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S): This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82071725). All authors have no competing interests to declare.\n\nTRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: N/A.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"39","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"2221","pageEnd":"2232","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deae181","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/deae181"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39178353"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-typology-and-ovarian-cancer-risk-recqdtdpxazl0xams/","name":"Endometriosis Typology and Ovarian Cancer Risk","headline":"Endometriosis Typology and Ovarian Cancer Risk","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-typology-and-ovarian-cancer-risk-recqdtdpxazl0xams/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Barnard ME, Farland LV, Yan B, Wang J, Trabert B, Doherty JA, Meeks HD, Madsen M, Guinto E, Collin LJ, Maurer KA, Page JM, Kiser AC, Varner MW, Allen-Brady K, Pollack AZ, Peterson KR, Peterson CM, Schliep KC"}],"datePublished":"2024-08-13","abstract":"Importance: Endometriosis has been associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer; however, the associations between endometriosis subtypes and ovarian cancer histotypes have not been well-described.\n\nObjective: To evaluate the associations of endometriosis subtypes with incidence of ovarian cancer, both overall and by histotype. DESIGN, SETTING, And\n\nParticipants: Population-based cohort study using data from the Utah Population Database. The cohort was assembled by matching 78 893 women with endometriosis in a 1:5 ratio to women without endometriosis.\n\nExposures: Endometriosis cases were identified via electronic health records and categorized as superficial endometriosis, ovarian endometriomas, deep infiltrating endometriosis, or other.\n\nMain Outcomes and Measures: Estimated adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs), adjusted risk differences (aRDs) per 10 000 women, and 95% CIs for overall ovarian cancer, type I ovarian cancer, and type II ovarian cancer comparing women with each type of endometriosis with women without endometriosis. Models accounted for sociodemographic factors, reproductive history, and past gynecologic operations.\n\nResults: In this Utah-based cohort, the mean (SD) age at first endometriosis diagnosis was 36 (10) years. There were 597 women with ovarian cancer. Ovarian cancer risk was higher among women with endometriosis compared with women without endometriosis (aHR, 4.20 [95% CI, 3.59-4.91]; aRD, 9.90 [95% CI, 7.22-12.57]), and risk of type I ovarian cancer was especially high (aHR, 7.48 [95% CI, 5.80-9.65]; aRD, 7.53 [95% CI, 5.46-9.61]). Ovarian cancer risk was highest in women with deep infiltrating endometriosis and/or ovarian endometriomas for all ovarian cancers (aHR, 9.66 [95% CI, 7.77-12.00]; aRD, 26.71 [95% CI, 20.01-33.41]), type I ovarian cancer (aHR, 18.96 [95% CI, 13.78-26.08]; aRD, 19.57 [95% CI, 13.80-25.35]), and type II ovarian cancer (aHR, 3.72 [95% CI, 2.31-5.98]; aRD, 2.42 [95% CI, -0.01 to 4.85]).\n\nConclusions and Relevance: Ovarian cancer risk was markedly increased among women with ovarian endometriomas and/or deep infiltrating endometriosis. This population may benefit from counseling regarding ovarian cancer risk and prevention and could be an important population for targeted screening and prevention studies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"332","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA"}}},"pageStart":"482","pageEnd":"489","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2024.9210","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jama.2024.9210"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39018030"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-association-between-the-use-of-fertility-indicators-and-fecundability-in-a-d-recyhvuoy5t4ipkzz/","name":"The association between the use of fertility indicators and fecundability in a  Danish preconception cohort","headline":"The association between the use of fertility indicators and fecundability in a  Danish preconception cohort","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-association-between-the-use-of-fertility-indicators-and-fecundability-in-a-d-recyhvuoy5t4ipkzz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Elizabeth E Hatch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7901-3928","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology Boston University School of Public Health Boston MA USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anne Sofie Dam Laursen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2827-0582","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus University  Aarhus N Denmark","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040r8fr65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ellen M Mikkelsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0158-7950","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus Denmark","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040r8fr65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emma Skovgaard Pedersen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4964-7824","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aarhus University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040r8fr65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kenneth J Rothman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2398-1705","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Henrik Toft Sørensen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4299-7040","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aarhus University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040r8fr65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lauren A Wise","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2138-3752","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts and 2Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center at Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}}],"datePublished":"2024-08-07","abstract":"Background: The use of fertility indicators to predict ovulation has largely been studied for contraceptive purposes, while less so as fertility-promoting tools.\n\nObjective: To investigate the association between fertility indicators and fecundability in Danish women trying to conceive.\n\nMethods: Web-based preconception cohort study. We analysed data from 11,328 females aged 18-49 years trying to conceive without fertility treatment for ≤6 menstrual cycles, from the Danish SnartGravid.dk and SnartForældre.dk cohorts (2007-2023). Participants reported the use of fertility indicators (counting days since the last menstrual period, cervical fluid monitoring, urinary ovulation testing, feeling ovulation, using a smartphone fertility app and measuring basal body temperature [BBT]). Time to pregnancy was measured in menstrual cycles ascertained by self-reported pregnancy status. We estimated fecundability ratios (FR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using proportional probabilities regression models adjusted for age, socio-economic position, health indicators, reproductive history and gynaecological factors.\n\nResults: Fertility indicators were used by 63.3% of participants at study entry. Counting days was the most common (46.9%), while measuring BBT was the least (3.0%). Other indicators ranged from 17.0% to 23.6%, with 69.7% using more than one indicator. Compared with non-use, use of any fertility indicator was associated with greater fecundability (adjusted FR 1.14, 95% CI 1.08, 1.19). Cervical fluid monitoring showed the strongest association (aFR 1.46, 95% CI 1.03, 2.07), followed by urinary ovulation testing (aFR 1.35, 95% CI 1.16, 1.58) and counting days (aFR 1.18, 95% CI 1.09, 1.29). Feeling ovulation and fertility apps were modestly associated with fecundability, while measuring BBT was not associated. Sensitivity analysis restricting to ≤2 cycles of attempt time and two cycles of follow-up showed an aFR for any indicator use of 1.21 (95% CI 1.13, 1.31).\n\nConclusion: In this Danish preconception cohort, use of fertility indicators was associated with a higher fecundability, varying by type of indicator.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"38","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology"}}},"pageStart":"641","pageEnd":"650","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/ppe.13108","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q140394917"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/ppe.13108"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39109606"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q140394917"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluating-pregnancy-rates-in-fertility-awareness-based-methods-for-family-plann-recnvlkeljb76zoak/","name":"Evaluating Pregnancy Rates in Fertility Awareness-Based Methods for Family  Planning: Simulated Comparison of Correct Use to Avoid, Method-Related, and Total  Pregnancy Rates","headline":"Evaluating Pregnancy Rates in Fertility Awareness-Based Methods for Family  Planning: Simulated Comparison of Correct Use to Avoid, Method-Related, and Total  Pregnancy Rates","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluating-pregnancy-rates-in-fertility-awareness-based-methods-for-family-plann-recnvlkeljb76zoak/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marguerite Duane","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duquesne University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02336z538"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rebecca G Simmons","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3516-4585","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2024-08-06","abstract":"Fertility awareness-based methods (FABMs), also known as natural family planning (NFP), enable couples to identify the days of the menstrual cycle when intercourse may result in pregnancy (\"fertile days\"), and to avoid intercourse on fertile days if they wish to avoid pregnancy. Thus, these methods are fully dependent on user behavior for effectiveness to avoid pregnancy. For couples and clinicians considering the use of an FABM, one important metric to consider is the highest expected effectiveness (lowest possible pregnancy rate) during the correct use of the method to avoid pregnancy. To assess this, most studies of FABMs have reported a method-related pregnancy rate (a cumulative proportion), which is calculated based on all cycles (or months) in the study. In contrast, the correct use to avoid pregnancy rate (also a cumulative proportion) has the denominator of cycles with the correct use of the FABM to avoid pregnancy. The relationship between these measures has not been evaluated quantitatively. We conducted a series of simulations demonstrating that the method-related pregnancy rate is artificially decreased in direct proportion to the proportion of cycles with intermediate use (any use other than correct use to avoid or targeted use to conceive), which also increases the total pregnancy rate. Thus, as the total pregnancy rate rises (related to intermediate use), the method-related pregnancy rate falls artificially while the correct use pregnancy rate remains constant. For practical application, we propose the core elements needed to assess correct use cycles in FABM studies.\nSummary: Fertility awareness-based methods (FABMs) can be used by couples to avoid pregnancy, by avoiding intercourse on fertile days. Users want to know what the highest effectiveness (lowest pregnancy rate) would be if they use an FABM correctly and consistently to avoid pregnancy. In this simulation study, we compare two different measures: (1) the method-related pregnancy rate; and (2) the correct use pregnancy rate. We show that the method-related pregnancy rate is biased too low if some users in the study are not using the method consistently to avoid pregnancy, while the correct use pregnancy rate obtains an accurate estimate. SHORT Summary: In FABM studies, the method-related pregnancy rate is biased too low, but the correct use pregnancy rate is unbiased.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"91","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"315","pageEnd":"328","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/00243639231212440","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q140374759"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/00243639231212440"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39104463"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q140374759"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstrual-cramps-in-anovulatory-versus-normally-ovulatory-cycles-sars-cov-2-pandemic-daily-data-plus-a-meta-analysis-of-cramps-and-anovulation-recf5fwggocmzovfg/","name":"Menstrual Cramps in Anovulatory versus Normally Ovulatory Cycles - SARS-COV-2 Pandemic Daily Data Plus a Meta-Analysis of Cramps and Anovulation","headline":"Menstrual Cramps in Anovulatory versus Normally Ovulatory Cycles - SARS-COV-2 Pandemic Daily Data Plus a Meta-Analysis of Cramps and Anovulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstrual-cramps-in-anovulatory-versus-normally-ovulatory-cycles-sars-cov-2-pandemic-daily-data-plus-a-meta-analysis-of-cramps-and-anovulation-recf5fwggocmzovfg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sonia Shirin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7866-3419","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dharani Kalidasan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8098-3435","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sewon Bann","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Azita Goshtasebi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gurleen Mann","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8559-8280","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paul J Yong","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5521-3052","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nuffield Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01w2zd907"}}],"datePublished":"2024-07-10","abstract":"Purpose: It is asserted that primary dysmenorrhea/menstrual cramps only occur in ovulatory menstrual cycles. Our first objective was to present detailed menstrual cramps information in normally ovulatory versus anovulatory cycles from a single-cycle cohort study during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic. Secondly, we reviewed the literature for cohort studies documenting both menstrual cramps and ovulation. Participants and\n\nMethods: The Menstruation and Ovulation Study 2 recruited 108 women ages 19-35 years to a prospective, observational single-cycle study, recording cramps daily (0-4 scale) in the Menstrual Cycle Diary© and assessing normal ovulation (luteal length ≥10 days) by the validated Quantitative Basal Temperature© (Mean Temperature Method). We searched databases for « primary dysmenorrhea » / » menstrual cramps »; « menstrual cycles »; « anovulation », finding four valid publications.\n\nResults: In 75 women/cycles during the Pandemic, mean age was 28.5, body mass index 23.5, and higher education (16 years); 40 normally ovulatory and 35 anovulatory cycles had similar lengths (29.5-30.0 days), respectively (P=0.571). However, anovulatory cycles recorded significantly worse menstrual cramps versus normally ovulatory cycles; anovulatory median intensity was 1.9 versus 1.6, and Cramp Score was 8 versus 6 in normally ovulatory cycles (P=0.017). Four publications in 273 women (991 cycles) showed cramps in both anovulatory and ovulatory cycles; three were in adolescent/young adult women, one of which documented a significantly greater percentage of cramps in ovulatory cycles. The 694 cycles in premenopausal women (20-41 years) showed similar percentages of symptomatic cramps in cycles of both ovulatory types. Meta-analysis documented significantly higher cramp prevalence in ovulatory cycles (OR 2.10; 95% CI 1.31, 3.37; P=0.002).\n\nConclusion: This is the first documentation of more intense and frequent cramps in anovulatory cycles. However, meta-analysis showing the presence of symptomatic cramps in both ovulatory and anovulatory cycles documented they were twice as prevalent in ovulatory menstrual cycles. “Worse Menstrual Cramps in Anovulatory Cycles”. Medicine has long believed that menstrual cramps only occur in ovulatory menstrual cycles that release an egg and have high progesterone levels that decrease before the next period. The notion was that dropping progesterone levels triggered release of prostaglandins that cause the pain and uterus muscle contractions of menstrual cramps. This research studied 75 community women aged 19–35 years for a single cycle during COVID-19. Forty women had normally ovulatory cycles and 35 had anovulatory cycles with a similar mean cycle length of 29.7 days. Women in both groups were similar in age, weight, education and other reproductive characteristics. Women recorded Menstrual Cycle Diary© daily experiences for cramp presence and intensity (scored 0–4). Ovulation was documented by daily first morning temperatures analyzed by the valid Quantitative Basal Temperature© method. Results showed menstrual cramps occurred in both normally ovulatory and anovulatory cycles. Surprisingly, anovulatory compared with ovulatory cycles had cramps that lasted longer (4 rather than 3 days), were more intense (1.9 versus 1.6) and with significantly higher Cramp Scores (of 8 versus 6). We also found four other published studies showing cramps occurred in both anovulatory and ovulatory cycles. A meta-analysis of these, however, showed that cramps were twice as frequent in ovulatory cycles. These results matter because they stimulate the search for more accurate understandings of why menstrual cramps occur. They will likely stimulate more effective therapies for the rare, intense menstrual cramps that currently are not effectively treated by anti-inflammatory medicines such as ibuprofen.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of pain research"}},"pageStart":"2363","pageEnd":"2374","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.2147/JPR.S457484","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2147/JPR.S457484"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39005755"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gut-microbiota-dysbiosis-contributes-to-depressionlike-behaviors-via-hippocampal-sanux2y7/","name":"Gut microbiota dysbiosis contributes to depression-like behaviors via hippocampal NLRP3-mediated neuroinflammation in a postpartum depression mouse model","headline":"Gut microbiota dysbiosis contributes to depression-like behaviors via hippocampal NLRP3-mediated neuroinflammation in a postpartum depression mouse model","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gut-microbiota-dysbiosis-contributes-to-depressionlike-behaviors-via-hippocampal-sanux2y7/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Xu Q"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lei Sun","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5260-0600","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qian Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3854-2495","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chongqing Public Health Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04dcmpg83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jiao C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yuanyuan Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7687-7816","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"City of Hope","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01z1vct10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hatherley Li"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xie J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhu F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jing Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4921-9674","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Utah Valley University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02rxpxc98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhang, De Wei","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8369-9264"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Liangzhen Xie","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1375-1666","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01c0exk17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hsin-Hung Wu","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Chung Hsing University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vn3ca78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zuo Z"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiaomin Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0178-6696","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"BGI Group (China)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045pn2j94"}}],"datePublished":"2024-07-01","abstract":"Postpartum depression (PPD) is a severe mental disorder that affects approximately 10---20% of women after childbirth. The precise mechanism underlying PPD pathogenesis remains elusive, thus limiting the development of therapeutics. Gut microbiota dysbiosis is considered to contribute to major depressive disorder. However, the associations between gut microbiota and PPD remain unanswered. Here, we established a mouse PPD model by sudden ovarian steroid withdrawal after hormone-simulated pseudopregnancy-human (HSP-H) in ovariectomy (OVX) mouse. Ovarian hormone withdrawal induced depression-like and anxiety-like behaviors and an altered gut microbiota composition. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from PPD mice to antibiotic cocktail-treated mice induced depression-like and anxiety-like behaviors and neuropathological changes in the hippocampus of the recipient mice. FMT from healthy mice to PPD mice attenuated the depression-like and anxiety-like behaviors as well as the inflammation mediated by the NOD-like receptor protein (NLRP)-3/caspase-1 signaling pathway both in the gut and the hippocampus, increased fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) levels and alleviated gut dysbiosis with increased SCFA-producing bacteria and reduced Akkermansia in the PPD mice. Also, downregulation of NLRP3 in the hippocampus mitigated depression-like behaviors in PPD mice and overexpression of NLRP3 in the hippocampal dentate gyrus induced depression-like behaviors in naïve female mice. Intriguingly, FMT from healthy mice failed to alleviate depression-like behaviors in PPD mice with NLRP3 overexpression in the hippocampus. Our results highlighted the NLRP3 inflammasome as a key component within the microbiota-gut-brain axis, suggesting that targeting the gut microbiota may be a therapeutic strategy for PPD.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"119","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Brain, behavior, and immunity"}},"pageStart":"220","pageEnd":"235","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2024.04.002","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.bbi.2024.04.002"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38599497"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/overview-of-indigo-biosynthesis-by-flavincontaining-monooxygenases-history-indus-nawoa0vm/","name":"Overview of indigo biosynthesis by Flavin-containing Monooxygenases: History, industrialization challenges, and strategies","headline":"Overview of indigo biosynthesis by Flavin-containing Monooxygenases: History, industrialization challenges, and strategies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/overview-of-indigo-biosynthesis-by-flavincontaining-monooxygenases-history-indus-nawoa0vm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Fan C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xie Z"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Danni Zheng","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2913-2878","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fb35g87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ruiting Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0126-0213","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042t7yh44"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yuhua Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3842-475X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fb35g87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shi J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cheng M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yuanyuan Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7687-7816","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"City of Hope","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01z1vct10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhou Y"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yongle Zhan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7378-1915","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Hong Kong","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yan Y"}],"datePublished":"2024-07-01","abstract":"Indigo is a natural dye extensively used in the global textile industry. However, the conventional synthesis of indigo using toxic compounds like aniline, formaldehyde, and hydrogen cyanide has led to environmental pollution and health risks for workers. This method also faces growing economic, sustainability, and environmental challenges. To address these issues, the concept of bio-indigo or indigo biosynthesis has been proposed as an alternative to aniline-based indigo synthesis. Among various enzymes, Flavin-containing Monooxygenases (FMOs) have shown promise in achieving a high yield of bio-indigo. However, the industrialization of indigo biosynthesis still encounters several challenges. This review focuses on the historical development of indigo biosynthesis mediated by FMOs. It highlights several factors that have hindered industrialization, including the use of unsuitable chassis (Escherichia coli), the toxicity of indole, the high cost of the substrate L-tryptophan, the water-insolubility of the product indigo, the requirement of reducing reagents such as sodium dithionite, and the relatively low yield and high cost compared to chemical synthesis. Additionally, this paper summarizes various strategies to enhance the yield of indigo synthesized by FMOs, including redundant sequence deletion, semi-rational design, cheap precursor research, NADPH regeneration, large-scale fermentation, and enhancement of water solubility of indigo.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"73","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Biotechnology Advances"}},"pageStart":"108374","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2024.108374","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.biotechadv.2024.108374"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hydroxychloroquine-in-recurrent-pregnancy-loss-data-from-a-french-prospective-mu-reca5298yqoqeb6xr/","name":"Hydroxychloroquine in recurrent pregnancy loss: data from a French prospective  multicenter registry","headline":"Hydroxychloroquine in recurrent pregnancy loss: data from a French prospective  multicenter registry","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hydroxychloroquine-in-recurrent-pregnancy-loss-data-from-a-french-prospective-mu-reca5298yqoqeb6xr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan Cohen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0091-2216","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Service d'Obst&#xe9;trique et de Fertilit&#xe9;, Clinique Saint Th&#xe9;r&#xe8;se, Paris, France."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kamila Kolanska","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7445-5345","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sorbonne Université","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02en5vm52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lise Selleret","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0205-6828","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sorbonne Université","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02en5vm52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eric Ballot","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1128-581X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sorbonne Université","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02en5vm52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mathieu d'Argent E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emmanuelle Mathieu d’Argent","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sorbonne Université","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02en5vm52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chabbert Buffet N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Olivier Fain","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1974-3870","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sorbonne Université","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02en5vm52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gilles Kayem","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8218-8814","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sorbonne Université","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02en5vm52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Noémie Abisror","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sorbonne Université","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02en5vm52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nathalie Chabbert Buffet","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6525-4154","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sorbonne Université","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02en5vm52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Meryam Cheloufi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sorbonne Université","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02en5vm52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amandine Dernoncourt","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0829-8764","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Amiens-Picardie","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010567a58"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kaies Hedhli","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Amiens-Picardie","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010567a58"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emmanuelle Mathieu d'Argent","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Service de Gynécologie Obstétrique et Médecine de la Reproduction, Centre de Fertilité Tenon, Hôpital Tenon, Sorbonne Université AP-HP, Paris, France."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chloé McAvoy","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sorbonne Université","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02en5vm52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arsène Mekinian","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2849-3049","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sorbonne Université","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02en5vm52"}}],"datePublished":"2024-06-29","abstract":"STUDY Question: What are the outcomes of pregnancies exposed to hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in women with a history of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), and what factors predict the course of these pregnancies beyond the first trimester?\n\nSUMMARY ANSWER: In our cohort of pregnancies in women with a history of RPL exposed to HCQ early in pregnancy, we found that the only factor determining the success of these pregnancies was the number of previous miscarriages.\n\nWHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Dysregulation of the maternal immune system plays a role in RPL. HCQ, with its dual immunomodulating and vascular protective effects, is a potential treatment for unexplained RPL.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: The FALCO (Facteurs de récidive précoce des fausses couches) registry is an ongoing French multicenter infertility registry established in 2017 that includes women (aged from 18 to 49 years) with a history of spontaneous RPL (at least three early miscarriages (≤12 weeks of gestation (WG)) recruited from several university hospitals.\n\nPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, Methods: Spontaneous pregnancies enrolled in the FALCO registry with an exposure to HCQ (before conception or at the start of pregnancy) were included. Pregnancies concomitantly exposed to tumor necrosis factor inhibitors, interleukin-1 and -2 inhibitors, intravenous immunoglobulin, and/or intravenous intralipid infusion, were excluded. Concomitant treatment with low-dose aspirin (LDA), low-molecular weight heparin (LMWH), progesterone, and/or prednisone was allowed. All patients underwent the recommended evaluations for investigating RPL. Those who became pregnant received obstetric care in accordance with French recommendations and were followed prospectively. The main endpoint was the occurrence of a pregnancy continuing beyond 12 WG, and the secondary endpoint was the occurrence of a live birth.\n\nMAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: One hundred pregnancies with HCQ exposure in 74 women were assessed. The mean age of the women was 34.2 years, and the median number of previous miscarriages was 5. Concomitant exposure was reported in 78 (78%) pregnancies for prednisone, 56 (56%) pregnancies for LDA, and 41 (41%) pregnancies for LMWH. Sixty-two (62%) pregnancies ended within 12 WG, the other 38 (38%) continuing beyond 12 WG. The risk of experiencing an additional early spontaneous miscarriage increased with the number of previous miscarriages, but not with age. The distributions of anomalies identified in RPL investigations and of exposure to other drugs were similar between pregnancies lasting ≤12 WG and those continuing beyond 12WG. The incidence of pregnancies progressing beyond 12 WG was not higher among pregnancies with at least one positive autoantibody (Ab) (i.e. antinuclear Ab titer ≥1:160, ≥1 positive conventional and/or non-conventional antiphospholipid Ab, and/or positive results for ≥1 antithyroid Ab) without diminished ovarian reserve (18/51, 35.3%) than among those without such autoantibody (18/45, 40.0%) (P = 0.63). Multivariate analysis showed that having ≤4 prior miscarriages was the only factor significantly predictive for achieving a pregnancy > 12 WG, after adjustment for age and duration of HCQ use prior to conception (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 3.13 [1.31-7.83], P = 0.01).\n\nLIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: Our study has limitations, including the absence of a control group, incomplete data for the diagnostic procedure for RPL in some patients, and the unavailability of results from endometrial biopsies, as well as information about paternal age and behavioral factors. Consequently, not all potential confounding factors could be considered.\n\nWIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE Findings: Exposure to HCQ in early pregnancy for women with a history of RPL does not seem to prevent further miscarriages, suggesting limited impact on mechanisms related to the maternal immune system. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S): The research received no specific funding, and the authors declare no competing interests.\n\nTRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: clinicaltrial.gov NCT05557201.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"39","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1934","pageEnd":"1941","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deae146","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/deae146"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38942601"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-laparoscopic-and-hysteroscopic-surgical-treatments-for-isthmocele--jbzewmjm/","name":"Comparison of laparoscopic and hysteroscopic surgical treatments for isthmocele: A prospective cohort","headline":"Comparison of laparoscopic and hysteroscopic surgical treatments for isthmocele: A prospective cohort","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-laparoscopic-and-hysteroscopic-surgical-treatments-for-isthmocele--jbzewmjm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hosseini R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Parsaei M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7764-0319"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ali-Abad NR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Daliri S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Asgari Z","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4379-3341"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Valian Z"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hajiloo N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mirzaei S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bakhshali-Bakhtiari M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5248-3081"}],"datePublished":"2024-06-10","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical outcomes of laparoscopic and hysteroscopic surgical approaches for treating symptomatic isthmocele and identify their associated factors.\n\nMATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-six patients with symptomatic isthmocele diagnosed using transvaginal saline infusion sonohysterography were enrolled in this prospective cohort study. Patients underwent either laparoscopic or hysteroscopic isthmoplasty based on their residual myometrial thicknesses and fertility desires and were subsequently followed by clinical and ultrasonographic examinations.\n\nRESULTS: Twenty-two patients underwent laparoscopy and 24 underwent hysteroscopic surgery. At baseline, there was no significant difference in the mean age and years since the last cesarean section between the two groups. However, the hysteroscopy group had a higher mean parity and previous cesarean sections (p=0.00, 0.03). The most common symptoms were abnormal uterine bleeding, infertility, and dysmenorrhea. The mean baseline residual myometrial thickness was significantly higher in the laparoscopy group (p=0.00), and only laparoscopic surgery led to a significant increase in residual myometrial thickness in patients (p=0.00). Both procedures significantly reduced abnormal uterine bleeding (p=0.00), but only laparoscopy reduced infertility (p=0.00) and hysteroscopy reduced dysmenorrhea (p=0.03). Hysteroscopy showed better symptom resolution in younger patients (p=0.01), whereas age did not affect laparoscopy outcomes.\n\nCONCLUSION: Both approaches showed similar effectiveness in resolving abnormal uterine bleeding, with laparoscopy excelling in infertility resolution and hysteroscopy excelling in dysmenorrhea resolution.\n\nAMAÇ: Bu çalışmanın amacı semptomatik istmosel tedavisinde laparoskopik ve histeroskopik cerrahi yaklaşımların klinik sonuçlarını değerlendirmek ve ilişkili faktörleri belirlemektir.\n\nGEREÇ VE YÖNTEMLER: Bu prospektif kohort çalışmasına transvajinal salin infüzyon sonohisterografi kullanılarak semptomatik istmosel tanısı konan 46 hasta dahil edildi. Hastalara rezidüel miyometrial kalınlık ve doğurganlık isteklerine göre laparoskopik veya histeroskopik istmoplasti uygulandı ve ardından hastalar klinik ve ultrasonografik muayenelerle takip edildi.\n\nBULGULAR: Yirmi iki hastaya laparoskopi, yirmi dört hastaya ise histeroskopik cerrahi uygulandı. Başlangıçta, iki grup arasında ortalama yaş ve son sezaryenden bu yana geçen yıllar açısından anlamlı bir fark yoktu. Ancak histeroskopi grubunda ortalama parite ve önceki sezaryenlerin sayısı daha yüksekti (p=0,00, 0,03). En sık görülen semptomlar anormal uterin kanama, kısırlık ve dismenore idi. Başlangıçtaki ortalama rezidüel miyometrial kalınlık laparoskopi grubunda anlamlı derecede yüksekti (p=0,00) ve yalnızca laparoskopik cerrahi hastalarda anlamlı rezidüel miyometrial kalınlık artışına yol açtı (p=0,00). Her iki prosedür de anormal uterin kanamayı önemli ölçüde azalttı (p=0,00), ancak yalnızca laparoskopi kısırlığı azalttı (p=0,00) ve histeroskopi dismenoreyi azalttı (p=0,03). Histeroskopi genç hastalarda semptomlarda daha fazla düzelme sağladı (p=0,01), yaş ise laparoskopi sonuçlarını etkilemedi.\n\nSONUÇ: Her iki yaklaşım da anormal uterin kanamanın çözümünde benzer etkinlik göstermiştir; laparoskopi kısırlığın çözümünde ve histeroskopi dismenorenin çözümünde üstündür.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Turkish journal of obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"70","pageEnd":"77","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.4274/tjod.galenos.2024.54006","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4274/tjod.galenos.2024.54006"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38853455"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-treatment-2022-preliminary-trends-and-figures-recv2c5jktmqk69uw/","name":"Fertility Treatment 2022: Preliminary Trends and Figures","headline":"Fertility Treatment 2022: Preliminary Trends and Figures","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-treatment-2022-preliminary-trends-and-figures-recv2c5jktmqk69uw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority"}],"datePublished":"2024-06-01","abstract":"# Fertility treatment 2022: preliminary trends and figures\nPreliminary UK statistics for IVF and DI treatment, storage, and donation\nPublished: July 2024\n[Download the underlying dataset as .xlsx](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/media/5jfpm1cw/fertility-treatment-2022-preliminary-trends-and-figures-underlying-dataset.xlsx \"Fertility treatment 2022: preliminary trends and figures - underlying dataset\")\n## Table of contents\n- [Main points](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/fertility-treatment-2022-preliminary-trends-and-figures/#main-points)\n- [Note on preliminary data](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/fertility-treatment-2022-preliminary-trends-and-figures/#note-on-preliminary-data)\n- [Section 1: Average IVF pregnancy rate using fresh embryo transfers increased](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/fertility-treatment-2022-preliminary-trends-and-figures/#section-1)\n- [Section 2: Average IVF pregnancy and birth rates using frozen embryo transfers similar to previous years](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/fertility-treatment-2022-preliminary-trends-and-figures/#section-2)\n- [Section 3: Average age at first IVF treatment increased above 35 years of age for first time](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/fertility-treatment-2022-preliminary-trends-and-figures/#section-3)\n- [Section 4: New egg and sperm donors increased by 21% from 2019 to 2022](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/fertility-treatment-2022-preliminary-trends-and-figures/#section-4)\n- [Section 5: Egg storage fastest growing treatment, but accounted for 5% of all cycles in 2022](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/fertility-treatment-2022-preliminary-trends-and-figures/#section-5)\n- [Section 6: Multiple births from IVF at lowest UK average yet of 4%](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/fe...","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-definition-of-unexplained-infertility-a-systematic-review-jfpvmwux/","name":"The definition of unexplained infertility: A systematic review","headline":"The definition of unexplained infertility: A systematic review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-definition-of-unexplained-infertility-a-systematic-review-jfpvmwux/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Raperport C","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2969-2437"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Desai J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qureshi D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rustin E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Balaji A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chronopoulou E","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5714-1395"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Homburg R","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3863-2831"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Khan KS","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5084-7312"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bhide P","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0871-6508"}],"datePublished":"2024-06-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: There is no consensus on tests required to either diagnose unexplained infertility or use for research inclusion criteria. This leads to heterogeneity and bias affecting meta-analysis and best practice advice.\n\nOBJECTIVES: This systematic review analyses the variability of inclusion criteria applied to couples with unexplained infertility. We propose standardised criteria for use both in future research studies and clinical diagnosis.\n\nSEARCH STRATEGY: CINAHL and MEDLINE online databases were searched up to November 2022 for all published studies recruiting couples with unexplained infertility, available in full text in the English language.\n\nDATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Data were collected in an Excel spreadsheet. Results were analysed per category and methodology or reference range.\n\nMAIN RESULTS: Of 375 relevant studies, only 258 defined their inclusion criteria. The most commonly applied inclusion criteria were semen analysis, tubal patency and assessment of ovulation in 220 (85%), 232 (90%), 205 (79.5%) respectively. Only 87/220 (39.5%) studies reporting semen analysis used the World Health Organization (WHO) limits. Tubal patency was accepted if bilateral in 145/232 (62.5%) and if unilateral in 24/232 (10.3%). Ovulation was assessed using mid-luteal serum progesterone in 115/205 (56.1%) and by a history of regular cycles in 87/205 (42.4%). Other criteria, including uterine cavity assessment and hormone profile, were applied in less than 50% of included studies.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: This review highlights the heterogeneity among studied populations with unexplained infertility. Development and application of internationally accepted criteria will improve the quality of research and future clinical care.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"131","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"880","pageEnd":"897","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.17697","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/1471-0528.17697"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37957032"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/phthalate-esters-in-clothing-a-review-wejarfas/","name":"Phthalate esters in clothing: A review","headline":"Phthalate esters in clothing: A review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/phthalate-esters-in-clothing-a-review-wejarfas/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Aldegunde-Louzao N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lolo-Aira M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Herrero-Latorre C"}],"datePublished":"2024-06-01","abstract":"Phthalate esters (PAEs) are widely used as plasticizers to enhance the flexibility and durability of different consumer products, including clothing. However, concerns have been raised about the potential adverse health effects associated with the presence of phthalates in textiles, such as endocrine disruption, reproductive toxicity and potential carcinogenicity. Based on examination of more than 120 published articles, this paper presents a comprehensive review of studies concerning the phthalate content in clothing and other textile products, with special emphasis on those conducted in the last decade (2014-2023). The types and role of PAEs as plasticizers, the relevant legislation in different countries (emphasizing the importance of monitoring PAE levels in clothing to protect consumer health) and the analytical methods used for PAE determination are critically evaluated. The review also discusses the models used to evaluate exposure to PAEs and the associated health risks. Finally, the study limitations and challenges related to determining the phthalate contents of textile products are considered.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"108","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology"}},"pageStart":"104457","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etap.2024.104457","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.etap.2024.104457"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/navigating-uterine-niche-360-degree-a-narrative-review-recenrkx78so9t8ls/","name":"Navigating uterine niche 360 degree: a narrative review","headline":"Navigating uterine niche 360 degree: a narrative review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/navigating-uterine-niche-360-degree-a-narrative-review-recenrkx78so9t8ls/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mohamed A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7194-2316"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mahmoud A Abdel-Aleem","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3942-9325","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Assiut University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01jaj8n65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Abdulrahman M. Rageh","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Assiut University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01jaj8n65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mahmoud Zakherah","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Assiut University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01jaj8n65"}}],"datePublished":"2024-05-31","abstract":"Background\nThe increasing prevalence of cesarean section (CS) deliveries globally has sparked apprehension regarding potential long-term complications, notably the emergence of uterine niches. CS results in a scar that in certain patients, inadequate healing of that scar results in the development of a uterine niche. While most small niches show no symptoms, large cesarean scar niches in nonpregnant women can give rise to cesarean scar disorder syndrome. This syndrome is characterized by abnormal uterine bleeding, dysmenorrhea, and secondary infertility. In pregnant women, the presence of substantial niches may be linked to potentially life-threatening complications, including cesarean scar dehiscence, uterine rupture, placenta accreta spectrum disorders, placenta previa, and cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy.\nMain body\nGiven the potential dangers associated with uterine niche occurrence, numerous studies in recent years have delved into the concept of cesarean scar niche, exploring its risk factors, diagnostic approaches, and treatment options. Various diagnostic modalities, such as twoor three-dimensional transvaginal ultrasonography, twoand three-dimensional sono-hysterography, hysterosalpingography, hysteroscopy, or magnetic resonance imaging, can be employed to detect uterine niches. However, none of these diagnostic methods is universally accepted as the “gold standard,” and there remains a lack of unequivocal guidelines on certain aspects related to the diagnosis of cesarean scar niche. These niches, characterized by hypoechoic regions within the myometrium at the site of a previous CS scar, pose diagnostic complexities and provoke inquiries into their prevalence, factors influencing their development, clinical presentations, and appropriate therapeutic approaches.\nConclusion\nAs CS rates rise, this review aims to understand and address uterine niches and mitigate their impact on maternal health and reproductive outcomes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"29","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Middle East Fertility Society journal"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43043-024-00185-7","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s43043-024-00185-7"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-awareness-based-methods-for-family-planning-and-womens-health-impact-o-recdna1wld00lr0qv/","name":"Fertility Awareness-Based Methods for Family Planning and Women's Health: Impact  of an Online Elective","headline":"Fertility Awareness-Based Methods for Family Planning and Women's Health: Impact  of an Online Elective","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-awareness-based-methods-for-family-planning-and-womens-health-impact-o-recdna1wld00lr0qv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Margaret May","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8010-8509","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of the Incarnate Word","sameAs":"https://ror.org/044a5dk27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marguerite Duane","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duquesne University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02336z538"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Noah F Gomez","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sisters of Charity Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02xxgh713"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Deepa Manda","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pikeville","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fs2ee62"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Theresa M Stujenske","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duquesne University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02336z538"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Logan Waechtler","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2024-05-28","abstract":"BACKGROUND AND Objectives: Fertility awareness-based methods (FABMs) are evidence-based means of tracking observable biomarkers of a woman's fertility for the purpose of reproductive health monitoring and family planning. However, medical education regarding FABMs is limited. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a 4-week, two-part online elective on students' knowledge of FABMs, confidence in explaining and offering them to patients, and anticipated behaviors in future practice.\n\nMethods: The online elective, \"FABMs for Family Planning and Women's Health,\" was delivered from August 2020 to May 2023. Students completed preand postknowledge surveys. Paired t tests and the Wilcoxon signed rank test were used for analysis of the data.\n\nResults: A total of 571 students completed the elective, and 462 students completed both preand posttest surveys (response rate=81%). Students' knowledge of FABMs increased significantly. Posttest scores increased by a mean of 9.02 for Part A and 5.95 for Part B. We identified a significant increase in students' confidence discussing FABMs to avoid pregnancy, achieve pregnancy, monitor reproductive health, and address reproductive health concerns. At the completion of the elective, students were significantly more likely to offer FABMs as an option for most or all women.\n\nConclusions: This online elective addresses the knowledge gap in FABMs and was effective in improving students' knowledge of FABMs and their confidence and willingness to offer these methods to patients for family planning and management of common women's health conditions.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"56","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Family Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"414","pageEnd":"421","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.22454/FamMed.2024.562177","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q140394932"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.22454/FamMed.2024.562177"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38805634"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q140394932"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gastrointestinal-myoelectrical-activity-gima-biomarker-for-noninvasive-diagnosis-rec23izmuovxtjnoc/","name":"Gastrointestinal Myoelectrical Activity (GIMA) Biomarker for Noninvasive  Diagnosis of Endometriosis","headline":"Gastrointestinal Myoelectrical Activity (GIMA) Biomarker for Noninvasive  Diagnosis of Endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gastrointestinal-myoelectrical-activity-gima-biomarker-for-noninvasive-diagnosis-rec23izmuovxtjnoc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"John R. Mathias","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6712-9466"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ajit Kolatkar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4497-6940","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Specialty Business Center, Integrative Ayurveda Gastroenterology and Nutrition Initiative, 202, Balewadi, Pune 411045, Maharashtra, India"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John Mathias","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1358-8021","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Woman's Hospital of Texas, 7600 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77054, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mark Noar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7704-0623","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Endometriosis and Neuroenterology Research Institute, 53 Loveton Circle, Sparks Glencoe, MD 21152, USA"}}],"datePublished":"2024-05-25","abstract":"Background/Objectives: Endometriosis represents substantial direct and indirect healthcare costs impacted by an absence of uniformly accurate, non-invasive diagnostic tools. We endeavored to demonstrate gastrointestinal myoelectrical activity (GIMA) biomarkers, unique to endometriosis, will allow non-invasive, uniformly accurate diagnosis or exclusion of endometriosis.\n\nMethods: Prospective open-label comparative study of 154 patients, age ≥ 18, with or without diagnosed endometriosis. Population included 62 non-endometriosis controls (Cohort 1), 43 subjects with surgically/histologically confirmed endometriosis (Cohort 2), and 49 subjects with abdominal pain and negative imaging (Cohort 3). Non-invasive electroviscerography (EVG) recorded GIMA biomarkers from three abdominal electrodes before and 30 min post water load protocol. Cohort 2 had postoperative EVG and Cohort 3 had preoperative EVG. Calculated specificity, sensitivity, negative predictive value (NPV), positive predictive value (PPV), and predictive probability or C-statistic used univariate, multivariate, linear, and logistical regression analyses of the area under the curve (AUC) at all frequency and time points, including age and pain covariants.\n\nResults: The non-endometriosis cohort differed significantly from the endometriosis cohorts (p < 0.001) for median (IQR) and AUC percent frequency distribution of power at baseline, 10 min, 20 min, and 30 min post water load at all frequency ranges: 15-20 cpm, 30-40 cpm, and 40-50 cpm. The endometriosis cohorts were statistically similar (p > 0.05). GIMA biomarker threshold scoring demonstrated 95%/91% sensitivity and PPV, 96%/95% specificity and NPV, and a C-statistic of >99%/98%, respectively, for age subsets. GIMA biomarkers in Cohort 3 predicted 47/49 subjects positive and 2/49 negative for endometriosis, confirmed surgically. Hormonal therapy, surgical stage, nor pain score affected diagnostic accuracy.\n\nConclusions: EVG with GIMA biomarker detection distinguished participants with and without endometriosis based upon endometriosis-specific GIMA biomarkers threshold scoring.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"2866","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13102866","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/jcm13102866"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38792407"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-heavy-menstrual-bleeding-with-cardiovascular-disease-in-us-female-x3ekcsf1/","name":"Association of heavy menstrual bleeding with cardiovascular disease in US female hospitalizations","headline":"Association of heavy menstrual bleeding with cardiovascular disease in US female hospitalizations","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-heavy-menstrual-bleeding-with-cardiovascular-disease-in-us-female-x3ekcsf1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Dubey P","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0294-6321"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Reddy S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3380-9714"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Singh V","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2696-8357"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yousif A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dwivedi AK","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4574-1761"}],"datePublished":"2024-05-23","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) is a common menstrual disorder associated with multiple risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in women. In addition, HMB is often present with irregular menstruation (IM) which is a risk factor for CVD outcomes. However, the relationship between HMB and CVD outcomes is unexplored in the presence or absence of IM. We determined the association of HMB with multiple CVD outcomes using a nationally representative sample of female hospitalizations in the US.\n\nMETHODS: All hospitalizations of females with HMB diagnosis and normal menstrual cycles from ages of 18 to 70 years were extracted from the National Inpatient Sample Database, 2017. The HMB was defined using the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 for excessive and frequent menstruation bleeding and included any current or history of HMB diagnosis. Outcomes including major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, heart failure (HF), atrial fibrillation (AF) or arrhythmia, myocardial infarction (MI), and diabetes (DM) were defined using ICD-10 codes. Adjusted logistic regression and prosperity scores-matched logistic regression analyses were conducted to summarize adjusted associations with an odds ratio (OR) and a 95% confidence interval (CI).\n\nRESULTS: Among 2,430,851 hospitalizations, HMB was observed in 7762 (0.68%) females with age ≤ 40 years and 11,164 (0.86%) females with age > 40 years. Among hospitalizations with age ≤ 40 years, HMB was significantly associated with increased odds of CVD outcomes including MACE (OR = 1.61; 95% CI: 1.25, 2.08), CHD (OR = 1.72; 95% CI: 1.10, 2.71), stroke (OR = 1.95; 95% CI: 1.12, 3.40), HF (OR = 1.53; 95% CI: 1.15, 2.03), and AF/arrhythmia (OR = 1.84; 95% CI: 1.34, 2.54). These associations were confirmed in multiple sensitivity analyses. In contrast, HMB was not robustly associated with CVD events among hospitalizations of women with age > 40 years. HMB without IM was strongly associated with DM, HF, AF, and MACE outcomes while HMB with IM was strongly associated with CHD and AF outcomes in hospitalizations of young women.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: HMB is associated with CVD events among US hospitalizations of young women. A routine investigation and screening of menstrual disorders, especially HMB, is useful for CVD risk stratification and management in young women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMC medicine"}}},"pageStart":"208","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-024-03426-8","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s12916-024-03426-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38783294"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/characterization-of-chemical-additives-in-daily-clothing-regarding-human-exposur-jm4qzjvb/","name":"Characterization of Chemical Additives in Daily Clothing Regarding Human Exposure and Environmental Emissions","headline":"Characterization of Chemical Additives in Daily Clothing Regarding Human Exposure and Environmental Emissions","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/characterization-of-chemical-additives-in-daily-clothing-regarding-human-exposur-jm4qzjvb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ji X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jueli Liu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5815-2483","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang A & F University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vj4rn06"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shen J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Su P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Liang J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiushan Feng","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3421-220X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fujian Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/050s6ns64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiyao Liu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2556-6556","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/033vnzz93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rong Liu"}],"datePublished":"2024-05-17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environmental Science &amp; Technology Letters"}}},"pageStart":"619","pageEnd":"625","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.4c00297","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1021/acs.estlett.4c00297"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/analysis-of-factors-affecting-pregnancy-rate-after-laparoscopic-surgery-for-infe-recnlaf1kontjy2xu/","name":"Analysis of factors affecting pregnancy rate after laparoscopic surgery for  infertility associated with endometriosis","headline":"Analysis of factors affecting pregnancy rate after laparoscopic surgery for  infertility associated with endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/analysis-of-factors-affecting-pregnancy-rate-after-laparoscopic-surgery-for-infe-recnlaf1kontjy2xu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jinna Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0912-1197","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sun-Wei Guo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8511-7624","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Renji Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ypbx660"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xi Xie","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8034-3650","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fujian Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/050s6ns64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ningzi Lian","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fujian Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/050s6ns64"}}],"datePublished":"2024-05-02","abstract":"Objective: To analyze the factors that might influence the pregnancy rate in patients with infertility related to endometriosis (EMs) after undergoing laparoscopic surgery, providing guidance for our clinical diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making.\n\nMethods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical records and 1-year postoperative pregnancy outcomes of 335 patients diagnosed with endometriosis-related infertility via laparoscopic surgery, admitted to our department from January 2018 to December 2020.\n\nResults: The overall pregnancy rate for patients with endometriosis (EMs) related infertility 1-year post-surgery was 57.3 %, with the highest pregnancy rate observed between 3 to 6 months after surgery. Factors such as Body Mass Index (BMI) (P = 0.515), presence of dysmenorrhea (P = 0.515), previous pelvic surgery (P = 0.247), type of EMs pathology (P = 0.893), and preoperative result of serum carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125)（P = 0.615）had no statistically significant effect on postoperative pregnancy rates. The duration of infertility (P = 0.029), coexistence of adenomyosis (P = 0.042), surgery duration (P = 0.015), intraoperative blood loss (P = 0.050), preoperative result of serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) (P = 0.002) and age greater than 35 (P = 0.000) significantly impacted postoperative pregnancy rates. The post-surgery pregnancy rate in patients with mild (Stage I-II) EMs was notably higher than those with moderate to severe (Stage III-IV) EMs (P = 0.009). Age (P = 0.002), EMs stage (P = 0.018), intraoperative blood loss (P = 0.010) and adenomyosis (P = 0.022) were the factors that affected the postoperative live birth rate.\n\nConclusion: For patients with EMs-related infertility undergoing laparoscopic surgery, factors such as age > 35 years, infertility duration > 3 years, concurrent adenomyosis, severe EMs, surgery duration ≥ 2 h, intraoperative blood loss ≥ 50 ml, and low AMH before surgery are detrimental for the pregnancy rate within the first postoperative year. However, BMI, dysmenorrhea, past history of pelvic surgery, EMs pathology types (ovarian, peritoneal, deep infiltrating),and preoperative result of serum CA125 barely show any statistical difference in their effect on postoperative pregnancy rates. In terms of postoperative live birth rate, age > 35 years, severe EMs, intraoperative blood loss ≥ 50 ml, and adenomyosis were adverse factors.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"297","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology"}},"pageStart":"214","pageEnd":"220","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2024.04.034","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ejogrb.2024.04.034"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38691973"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/advancing-menopausal-care-the-importance-of-evidence-on-hormone-therapy-use-and--e3sd7clw/","name":"Advancing menopausal care: the importance of evidence on hormone therapy use and outcomes in women age 65 and older","headline":"Advancing menopausal care: the importance of evidence on hormone therapy use and outcomes in women age 65 and older","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/advancing-menopausal-care-the-importance-of-evidence-on-hormone-therapy-use-and--e3sd7clw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Iyer TK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Manson JE","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9426-7595"}],"datePublished":"2024-05-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"31","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Menopause (New York, N.Y.)"}}},"pageStart":"359","pageEnd":"360","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1097/GME.0000000000002364","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/GME.0000000000002364"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38669623"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/infertility-treatment-is-associated-with-increased-risk-of-postpartum-hospitaliz-qak1ubek/","name":"Infertility treatment is associated with increased risk of postpartum hospitalization due to heart disease","headline":"Infertility treatment is associated with increased risk of postpartum hospitalization due to heart disease","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/infertility-treatment-is-associated-with-increased-risk-of-postpartum-hospitaliz-qak1ubek/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yamada R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachdev D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lee R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M V Sauer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8173-6340","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ananth CV"}],"datePublished":"2024-05-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of maternal mortality, but the extent to which infertility treatment is implicated in heart disease remains unclear.\n\nOBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between infertility treatment and postpartum heart disease.\n\nMETHODS: We designed a retrospective cohort study of patients who delivered in the United States between 2010 and 2018. The primary outcome was hospitalization within 12-month post-delivery due to heart disease (including ischemic heart disease, atherosclerotic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, hypertensive disease, heart failure, and cardiac dysrhythmias). We estimated the rate difference (RD) of hospitalizations among patients who conceived with infertility treatment and those who conceived spontaneously. Associations were expressed as hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), derived from Cox proportional hazards regression after adjustment for potential confounders.\n\nRESULTS: Infertility treatment was recorded in 0.9% (n = 287,813) of 31,339,991 deliveries. Rates of heart disease hospitalizations with infertility treatment and with spontaneous conception were 550 and 355 per 100,000, respectively (RD 195, 95% CI: 143-247; adjusted HR 1.99, 95% CI: 1.80-2.20). The most important increase in risk was observed for hypertensive disease (adjusted HR 2.16, 95% CI: 1.92-2.42). This increased risk was apparent as early as 30-day post-delivery (HR 1.61, 95% CI: 1.39-1.86), with progressively increasing risk up to a year.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Although the absolute risk of postpartum heart disease hospitalization is low, infertility treatment is associated with an increased risk, especially for hypertensive disease. These findings highlight the importance of timely postpartum follow-ups in patients who received infertility treatment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"295","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of internal medicine"}}},"pageStart":"668","pageEnd":"678","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1111/joim.13773","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/joim.13773"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38403886"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-menopausal-hormone-therapy-beyond-age-65-years-and-its-effects-on-womens--ssys1cys/","name":"Use of menopausal hormone therapy beyond age 65 years and its effects on women's health outcomes by types, routes, and doses","headline":"Use of menopausal hormone therapy beyond age 65 years and its effects on women's health outcomes by types, routes, and doses","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-menopausal-hormone-therapy-beyond-age-65-years-and-its-effects-on-womens--ssys1cys/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Baik SH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Baye F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"McDonald CJ"}],"datePublished":"2024-05-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: The study aims to assess the use of menopausal hormone therapy beyond age 65 years and its health implications by types of estrogen/progestogen, routes of administration, and dose strengths.\n\nMETHODS: Using prescription drug and encounter records of 10 million senior Medicare women from 2007-2020 and Cox regression analyses adjusted for time-varying characteristics of the women, we examined the effects of different preparations of menopausal hormone therapy on all-cause mortality, five cancers, six cardiovascular diseases, and dementia.\n\nRESULTS: Compared with never use or discontinuation of menopausal hormone therapy after age 65 years, the use of estrogen monotherapy beyond age 65 years was associated with significant risk reductions in mortality (19% or adjusted hazards ratio, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.79-0.82), breast cancer (16%), lung cancer (13%), colorectal cancer (12%), congestive heart failure (CHF) (5%), venous thromboembolism (3%), atrial fibrillation (4%), acute myocardial infarction (11%), and dementia (2%). For the use of estrogen and progestogen combo-therapy, both E+ progestin and E+ progesterone were associated with increased risk of breast cancer by 10%-19%, but such risk can be mitigated using low dose of transdermal or vaginal E+ progestin. Moreover, E+ progestin exhibited significant risk reductions in endometrial cancer (45% or adjusted hazards ratio, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.50-0.60), ovarian cancer (21%), ischemic heart disease (5%), CHF (5%), and venous thromboembolism (5%), whereas E+ progesterone exhibited risk reduction only in CHF (4%).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Among senior Medicare women, the implications of menopausal hormone therapy use beyond age 65 years vary by types, routes, and strengths. In general, risk reductions appear to be greater with low rather than medium or high doses, vaginal or transdermal rather than oral preparations, and with E2 rather than conjugated estrogen.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"31","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Menopause (New York, N.Y.)"}}},"pageStart":"363","pageEnd":"371","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1097/GME.0000000000002335","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/GME.0000000000002335"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38595196"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/isthmocele-and-infertility-recwpl3h1tdyzcxia/","name":"Isthmocele and Infertility","headline":"Isthmocele and Infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/isthmocele-and-infertility-recwpl3h1tdyzcxia/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonio Malvasi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6940-7608","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Giuseppe Trojano","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8737-9943","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ospedale Madonna Delle Grazie","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jn32p79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cecilia Angelucci","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0544-0670","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Sassari","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01bnjbv91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Domenico Baldini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1433-504X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ospedale degli Infermi","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00edt5124"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Giorgio Maria Baldini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5061-8007","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ospedale degli Infermi","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00edt5124"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Doriana Di Nanni","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027ynra39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonio Simone Laganà","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1543-2802","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Palermo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/044k9ta02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dario Lot","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ospedale degli Infermi","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00edt5124"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrea Tinelli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8426-8490","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ospedale Vito Fazzi","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04fvmv716"}}],"datePublished":"2024-04-27","abstract":"Isthmocele is a gynecological condition characterized by a disruption in the uterine scar, often associated with prior cesarean sections. This anatomical anomaly can be attributed to inadequate or insufficient healing of the uterine wall following a cesarean incision. It appears that isthmocele may impact a woman's quality of life as well as her reproductive capacity. The incidence of isthmocele can range from 20% to 70% in women who have undergone a cesarean section. This review aims to sum up the current knowledge about the effect of isthmocele on fertility and the possible therapeutic strategies to achieve pregnancy. However, currently, there is not sufficiently robust evidence to indicate the need for surgical correction in all asymptomatic patients seeking fertility. In cases where surgical correction of isthmocele is deemed necessary, it is advisable to evaluate residual myometrial thickness (RMT). For patients with RMT >2.5-3 mm, hysteroscopy appears to be the technique of choice. In cases where the residual tissue is lower, recourse to laparotomic, laparoscopic, or vaginal approaches is warranted.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"2192","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13082192","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/jcm13082192"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38673465"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hues-of-risk-investigating-genotoxicity-and-environmental-impacts-of-azo-textile-btkrtroh/","name":"Hues of risk: investigating genotoxicity and environmental impacts of azo textile dyes","headline":"Hues of risk: investigating genotoxicity and environmental impacts of azo textile dyes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hues-of-risk-investigating-genotoxicity-and-environmental-impacts-of-azo-textile-btkrtroh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ramamurthy K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Priya PS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Murugan R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jesu Arockiaraj","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0240-7141","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"SRM Institute of Science and Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/050113w36"}}],"datePublished":"2024-04-27","abstract":"The textile industry, with its extensive use of dyes and chemicals, stands out as a significant source of water pollution. Exposure to certain textile dyes, such as azo dyes and their breakdown products like aromatic amines, has been associated with health concerns like skin sensitization, allergic reactions, and even cancer in humans. Annually, the worldwide production of synthetic dyes approximates 7 × 107 tons, of which the textile industry accounts for over 10,000 tons. Inefficient dyeing procedures result in the discharge of 15-50% of azo dyes, which do not adequately bind to fibers, into wastewater. This review delves into the genotoxic impact of azo dyes, prevalent in the textile industry, on aquatic ecosystems and human health. Examining different families of textile dye which contain azo group in their structure such as Sudan I and Sudan III Sudan IV, Basic Red 51, Basic Violet 14, Disperse Yellow 7, Congo Red, Acid Red 26, and Acid Blue 113 reveals their carcinogenic potential, which may affect both industrial workers and aquatic life. Genotoxic and carcinogenic characteristics, chromosomal abnormalities, induced physiological and neurobehavioral changes, and disruptions to spermatogenesis are evident, underscoring the harmful effects of these dyes. The review calls for comprehensive investigations into the toxic profile of azo dyes, providing essential insights to safeguard the aquatic ecosystem and human well-being. The importance of effective effluent treatment systems is underscored to mitigate adverse impacts on agricultural lands, water resources, and the environment, particularly in regions heavily reliant on wastewater irrigation for food production.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"31","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"23","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research"}}},"pageStart":"33190","pageEnd":"33211","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-33444-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66694579"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s11356-024-33444-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q66694579"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-role-of-placental-insufficiency-in-spontaneous-preterm-birth-a-literature-re-4agv8ljp/","name":"The role of placental insufficiency in spontaneous preterm birth: A literature review","headline":"The role of placental insufficiency in spontaneous preterm birth: A literature review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-role-of-placental-insufficiency-in-spontaneous-preterm-birth-a-literature-re-4agv8ljp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Preston M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hall M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrew Shennan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5273-3132","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"King's College London","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Story L"}],"datePublished":"2024-04-01","abstract":"Preterm Birth (delivery before 37 weeks of gestation) is the leading cause of childhood mortality and is also associated with significant morbidity both in the neonatal period and beyond. The aetiology of spontaneous preterm birth is unclear and likely multifactorial incorporating factors such as infection/inflammation and cervical injury. Placental insufficiency is emerging as an additional contributor to spontaneous preterm delivery; however, the mechanisms by which this occurs are not fully understood. Serum biomarkers and imaging techniques have been investigated as potential predictors of placental insufficiency, however none have yet been found to have a sufficient predictive value. This review examines the evidence for the role of the placenta in preterm birth, preterm prelabour rupture of the membranes and abruption as well as highlighting areas where further research is required.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"295","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology"}},"pageStart":"136","pageEnd":"142","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2024.02.020","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ejogrb.2024.02.020"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38359634"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hypertension-cardiovascular-risk-factors-and-uterine-fibroid-diagnosis-in-midlif-o06ymid4/","name":"Hypertension, Cardiovascular Risk Factors, and Uterine Fibroid Diagnosis in Midlife","headline":"Hypertension, Cardiovascular Risk Factors, and Uterine Fibroid Diagnosis in Midlife","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hypertension-cardiovascular-risk-factors-and-uterine-fibroid-diagnosis-in-midlif-o06ymid4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mitro SD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lauren A Wise","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2138-3752","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts and 2Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center at Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Waetjen LE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lee C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zaritsky E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Harlow SD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Solomon DH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thurston RC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"El Khoudary SR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nanette Santoro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9096-7490","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Monique M. Hedderson"}],"datePublished":"2024-04-01","abstract":"IMPORTANCE: Fibroids are benign neoplasms associated with severe gynecologic morbidity. There are no strategies to prevent fibroid development.\n\nOBJECTIVE: To examine associations of hypertension, antihypertensive treatment, anthropometry, and blood biomarkers with incidence of reported fibroid diagnosis in midlife.\n\nDESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation is a prospective, multisite cohort study in the US. Participants were followed-up from enrollment (1996-1997) through 13 semiannual visits (1998-2013). Participants had a menstrual period in the last 3 months, were not pregnant or lactating, were aged 42 to 52 years, were not using hormones, and had a uterus and at least 1 ovary. Participants with prior fibroid diagnoses were excluded. Data analysis was performed from November 2022 to February 2024.\n\nEXPOSURES: Blood pressure, anthropometry, biomarkers (cholesterol, triglycerides, and C-reactive protein), and self-reported antihypertensive treatment at baseline and follow-up visits were measured. Hypertension status (new-onset, preexisting, or never [reference]) and hypertension treatment (untreated, treated, or no hypertension [reference]) were categorized.\n\nMAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Participants reported fibroid diagnosis at each visit. Discrete-time survival models estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for associations of time-varying hypertension status, antihypertensive treatment, anthropometry, and biomarkers with incident reported fibroid diagnoses.\n\nRESULTS: Among 2570 participants without a history of diagnosed fibroids (median [IQR] age at screening, 45 [43-48] years; 1079 [42.1%] college educated), 526 (20%) reported a new fibroid diagnosis during follow-up. Risk varied by category of hypertension treatment: compared with those with no hypertension, participants with untreated hypertension had a 19% greater risk of newly diagnosed fibroids (HR, 1.19; 95% CI, 0.91-1.57), whereas those with treated hypertension had a 20% lower risk (HR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.56-1.15). Among eligible participants with hypertension, those taking antihypertensive treatment had a 37% lower risk of newly diagnosed fibroids (HR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.38-1.05). Risk also varied by hypertension status: compared with never-hypertensive participants, participants with new-onset hypertension had 45% greater risk of newly diagnosed fibroids (HR, 1.45; 95% CI, 0.96-2.20). Anthropometric factors and blood biomarkers were not associated with fibroid risk.\n\nCONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Participants with untreated and new-onset hypertension had increased risk of newly diagnosed fibroids, whereas those taking antihypertensive treatment had lower risk, suggesting that blood pressure control may provide new strategies for fibroid prevention.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA network open"}}},"pageStart":"e246832","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.6832","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.6832"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38625699"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/planned-oocyte-cryopreservation-to-preserve-future-reproductive-potential-an-eth-yc3p30vz/","name":"Planned oocyte cryopreservation to preserve future reproductive potential: an Ethics Committee opinion","headline":"Planned oocyte cryopreservation to preserve future reproductive potential: an Ethics Committee opinion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/planned-oocyte-cryopreservation-to-preserve-future-reproductive-potential-an-eth-yc3p30vz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ethics Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Electronic address: asrm@asrm.org"}],"datePublished":"2024-04-01","abstract":"Planned oocyte cryopreservation is an ethically permissible procedure that may help individuals avoid future infertility. Because planned oocyte cryopreservation is new and evolving, it is essential that those considering using it be informed about the uncertainties regarding its efficacy and long-term effects. This replaces the document of the same name, last published in 2017.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"121","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"604","pageEnd":"612","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2023.12.030","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2023.12.030"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38430080"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/tobacco-or-marijuana-use-and-infertility-a-committee-opinion-wvwfyfv4/","name":"Tobacco or marijuana use and infertility: a committee opinion","headline":"Tobacco or marijuana use and infertility: a committee opinion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/tobacco-or-marijuana-use-and-infertility-a-committee-opinion-wvwfyfv4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine"}],"datePublished":"2024-04-01","abstract":"In the United States, approximately 21% of adults report some form of tobacco use, although 18% report marijuana use. Although the negative impact of tobacco use in pregnancy is well documented, the impact of tobacco and marijuana on fertility and reproduction is less clear. This committee opinion reviews the potential deleterious effects of tobacco, nicotine, and marijuana use on conception, ovarian follicular dynamics, sperm parameters, gamete mutations, early pregnancy, and assisted reproductive technology outcomes. It also reviews the current status of tobacco smoking cessation strategies. This document replaces the 2018 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Practice Committee document entitled Smoking and Infertility: a committee opinion (Fertil Steril 2018).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"121","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"589","pageEnd":"603","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2023.12.029","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2023.12.029"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/minerals-and-the-menstrual-cycle-impacts-on-ovulation-and-endometrial-health-ep5oev62/","name":"Minerals and the Menstrual Cycle: Impacts on Ovulation and Endometrial Health","headline":"Minerals and the Menstrual Cycle: Impacts on Ovulation and Endometrial Health","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/minerals-and-the-menstrual-cycle-impacts-on-ovulation-and-endometrial-health-ep5oev62/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kapper C","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8843-2218"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Oppelt P","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3852-5948"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ganhör C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gyunesh AA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arbeithuber B","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8367-1560"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stelzl P","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5915-7788"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rezk-Füreder M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6598-5849"}],"datePublished":"2024-03-29","abstract":"The role of minerals in female fertility, particularly in relation to the menstrual cycle, presents a complex area of study that underscores the interplay between nutrition and reproductive health. This narrative review aims to elucidate the impacts of minerals on key aspects of the reproductive system: hormonal regulation, ovarian function and ovulation, endometrial health, and oxidative stress. Despite the attention given to specific micronutrients in relation to reproductive disorders, there is a noticeable absence of a comprehensive review focusing on the impact of minerals throughout the menstrual cycle on female fertility. This narrative review aims to address this gap by examining the influence of minerals on reproductive health. Each mineral's contribution is explored in detail to provide a clearer picture of its importance in supporting female fertility. This comprehensive analysis not only enhances our knowledge of reproductive health but also offers clinicians valuable insights into potential therapeutic strategies and the recommended intake of minerals to promote female reproductive well-being, considering the menstrual cycle. This review stands as the first to offer such a detailed examination of minerals in the context of the menstrual cycle, aiming to elevate the understanding of their critical role in female fertility and reproductive health.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nutrients"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16071008","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/nu16071008"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38613041"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/low-dose-naltrexone-as-an-adjuvant-in-combined-anticancer-therapy-rec3ytkoehynj1gqr/","name":"Low-Dose Naltrexone as an Adjuvant in Combined Anticancer Therapy","headline":"Low-Dose Naltrexone as an Adjuvant in Combined Anticancer Therapy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/low-dose-naltrexone-as-an-adjuvant-in-combined-anticancer-therapy-rec3ytkoehynj1gqr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marianna Ciwun","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical University of Białystok","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00y4ya841"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dariusz Pawlak","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3751-0608","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical University of Białystok","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00y4ya841"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Tankiewicz-Kwedlo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5189-3334","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical University of Białystok","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00y4ya841"}}],"datePublished":"2024-03-28","abstract":"Naltrexone (NTX) is a non-selective antagonist of opioid receptors, primarily used in the therapy of opioid and alcohol dependence. Low-dose naltrexone (LDN) exhibits antagonistic action against the opioid growth factor receptor (OGFr), whose signaling is associated with the survival, proliferation, and invasion of cancer cells. The mechanism of action of LDN depends on the dose and duration of the OGFr blockade, leading to a compensatory increase in the synthesis of the opioid growth factor (OGF), which has an inhibitory effect on carcinogenesis. Numerous studies on in vitro and in vivo models provide evidence of LDN's positive impact on inhibiting the OGF-OGFr axis in cancers. LDN's unique mechanism of action on cancer cells, lack of direct cytotoxic effect, and immunomodulating action form the basis for its use as an adjuvant in chemotherapy and immunotherapy of cancerous lesions.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cancers"}}},"pageStart":"1240","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16061240","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/cancers16061240"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38539570"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/puberty-blocker-and-aging-impact-on-testicular-cell-states-and-function-isk50cqi/","name":"Puberty Blocker and Aging Impact on Testicular Cell States and Function","headline":"Puberty Blocker and Aging Impact on Testicular Cell States and Function","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/puberty-blocker-and-aging-impact-on-testicular-cell-states-and-function-isk50cqi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Murugesh V"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ritting M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Salem S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aalam SMM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Garcia J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chattha AJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ying Zhao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3189-8389","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Knapp DJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kalthur G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Granberg CF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kannan N"}],"datePublished":"2024-03-27","abstract":"Spermatogonial stem cell (SSC) acquisition of meiotogenetic state during puberty to produce genetically diverse gametes is blocked by drugs collectively referred as 'puberty blocker' (PB). Investigating the impact of PB on juvenile SSC state and function is challenging due to limited tissue access and clinical data. Herein, we report largest clinically annotated juvenile testicular biorepository with all children with gender dysphoria on chronic PB treatment highlighting shift in pediatric patient demography in US. At the tissue level, we report mild-to-severe sex gland atrophy in PB treated children. We developed most extensive integrated single-cell RNA dataset to date (>100K single cells; 25 patients), merging both public and novel (52 month PB-treated) datasets, alongside innovative computational approach tailed for germ cells and evaluated the impact of PB and aging on SSC. We report novel constitutional ranges for each testicular cell type across the entire age spectrum, distinct effects of treatments on prepubertal vs adult SSC, presence of spermatogenic epithelial cells exhibiting post-meiotic-state, irrespective of age, puberty status, or PB treatment. Further, we defined distinct effects of PB and aging on testicular cell lineage composition, and SSC meiotogenetic state and function. Using single cell data from prepubertal and young adult, we were able to accurately predict sexual maturity based both on overall cell type proportions, as well as on gene expression patterns within each major cell type. Applying these models to a PB-treated patient that they appeared pre-pubertal across the entire tissue. This combined with the noted gland atrophy and abnormalities from the histology data raise a potential concern regarding the complete 'reversibility' and reproductive fitness of SSC. The biorepository, data, and research approach presented in this study provide unique opportunity to explore the impact of PB on testicular reproductive health.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.03.23.586441","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1101/2024.03.23.586441"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38585884"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-progestogens-and-the-risk-of-intracranial-meningioma-national-casecontrol-fnpsistq/","name":"Use of progestogens and the risk of intracranial meningioma: national case-control study","headline":"Use of progestogens and the risk of intracranial meningioma: national case-control study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-progestogens-and-the-risk-of-intracranial-meningioma-national-casecontrol-fnpsistq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Roland N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neumann A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hoisnard L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Duranteau L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Froelich S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zureik M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Weill A"}],"datePublished":"2024-03-27","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To assess the risk of intracranial meningioma associated with the use of selected progestogens.\n\nDESIGN: National case-control study.\n\nSETTING: French National Health Data System (ie, Système National des Données de Santé).\n\nPARTICIPANTS: Of 108 366 women overall, 18 061 women living in France who had intracranial surgery for meningioma between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2018 (restricted inclusion periods for intrauterine systems) were deemed to be in the case group. Each case was matched to five controls for year of birth and area of residence (90 305 controls).\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Selected progestogens were used: progesterone, hydroxyprogesterone, dydrogesterone, medrogestone, medroxyprogesterone acetate, promegestone, dienogest, and intrauterine levonorgestrel. For each progestogen, use was defined by at least one dispensation within the year before the index date (within three years for 13.5 mg levonorgestrel intrauterine systems and five years for 52 mg). Conditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratio for each progestogen meningioma association.\n\nRESULTS: Mean age was 57.6 years (standard deviation 12.8). Analyses showed excess risk of meningioma with use of medrogestone (42 exposed cases/18 061 cases (0.2%) v 79 exposed controls/90 305 controls (0.1%), odds ratio 3.49 (95% confidence interval 2.38 to 5.10)), medroxyprogesterone acetate (injectable, 9/18 061 (0.05%) v 11/90 305 (0.01%), 5.55 (2.27 to 13.56)), and promegestone (83/18 061 (0.5%) v 225/90 305 (0.2 %), 2.39 (1.85 to 3.09)). This excess risk was driven by prolonged use (≥one year). Results showed no excess risk of intracranial meningioma for progesterone, dydrogesterone, or levonorgestrel intrauterine systems. No conclusions could be drawn concerning dienogest or hydroxyprogesterone because of the small number of individuals who received these drugs. A highly increased risk of meningioma was observed for cyproterone acetate (891/18 061 (4.9%) v 256/90 305 (0.3%), odds ratio 19.21 (95% confidence interval 16.61 to 22.22)), nomegestrol acetate (925/18 061 (5.1%) v 1121/90 305 (1.2%), 4.93 (4.50 to 5.41)), and chlormadinone acetate (628/18 061 (3.5%) v 946/90 305 (1.0%), 3.87 (3.48 to 4.30)), which were used as positive controls for use.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Prolonged use of medrogestone, medroxyprogesterone acetate, and promegestone was found to increase the risk of intracranial meningioma. The increased risk associated with the use of injectable medroxyprogesterone acetate, a widely used contraceptive, and the safety of levonorgestrel intrauterine systems are important new findings.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"384","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ (Clinical research ed.)"}},"pageStart":"e078078","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2023-078078","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj-2023-078078"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38537944"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effective-doses-of-lowdose-naltrexone-for-chronic-pain-an-observational-study-jfl827nd/","name":"Effective Doses of Low-Dose Naltrexone for Chronic Pain – An Observational Study","headline":"Effective Doses of Low-Dose Naltrexone for Chronic Pain – An Observational Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effective-doses-of-lowdose-naltrexone-for-chronic-pain-an-observational-study-jfl827nd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marcus N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robbins L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Araki A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gracely E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Theoharides T"}],"datePublished":"2024-03-01","abstract":"Purpose: Despite the availability of a wide variety of analgesics, many patients with chronic pain often experience suboptimal pain relief in part related to the absence of any medication to address the nociplastic component of common pain syndromes. Low-dose naltrexone has been used for the treatment of chronic pain, typically at 4.5 mg per day, even though it is also noted that effective doses of naltrexone for chronic pain presentations range from 0.1 to 4.5 mg per day. We performed an observational analysis to determine the range of effective naltrexone daily dosing in 41 patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain.\n\nMethods: Charts of 385 patients, 115 males, 270 females, ages 18-92, were reviewed. Two hundred and sixty patients with chronic diffuse, symmetrical pain were prescribed a titrating dose of naltrexone to determine a maximally effective dose established by self-report of 1) reduction of diffuse/generalized and/or severity level of pain and/or 2) positive effects on mood, energy, and mental clarity. Brief Pain Inventory and PROMIS scales were given pre- and post-determining a maximally effective naltrexone dose.\n\nResults: Forty-one patients met all criteria for inclusion, successfully attained a maximally effective dose, and completed a pre- and post-outcome questionnaire. Hormesis was demonstrated during the determination of the maximally effective dosing, which varied over a wide range, with statistically significant improvement in BPI.\n\nConclusion: The maximally effective dose of low-dose naltrexone for the treatment of chronic pain is idiosyncratic, suggesting the need for 1) dosage titration to establish a maximally effective dose and 2) the possibility of re-introduction of low-dose naltrexone to patients who had failed initial trials on a fixed dose of naltrexone.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"Volume 17","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Pain Research"}},"pageStart":"1273","pageEnd":"1284","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.2147/jpr.s451183","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2147/jpr.s451183"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/successful-pregnancy-using-oral-dhea-treatment-for-hypoandrogenemia-in-a-30-year-recqps2hkkadr4wm6/","name":"Successful pregnancy using oral DHEA treatment for hypoandrogenemia in a  30-year-old female with 5 recurrent miscarriages, including fetal demise at 24  weeks: a case report","headline":"Successful pregnancy using oral DHEA treatment for hypoandrogenemia in a  30-year-old female with 5 recurrent miscarriages, including fetal demise at 24  weeks: a case report","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/successful-pregnancy-using-oral-dhea-treatment-for-hypoandrogenemia-in-a-30-year-recqps2hkkadr4wm6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Phil C Boyle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2555-6294","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NeoFertility Clinic, Suite 7, 1st Floor, Beacon Mall, Sandyford, Dublin 18, Ireland. Phil.Boyle@NeoFertility.ie."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Codruta Pandalache","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NeoFertility Clinic, Dublin, Ireland."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Craig Turczynski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7658-9470","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Diagnostics, Dallas, TX, USA; Duquesne University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"}}],"datePublished":"2024-03-01","abstract":"Hypoandrogenemia is not usually considered as a potential cause of recurrent miscarriage. We present the case of a 30-year-old female with 6 previous pregnancies resulting in one live birth and 5 pregnancy losses, including fetal demise at 24 weeks gestation. She had standard investigations after her 4th loss, at a specialized miscarriage clinic. Lupus anticoagulant, anticardiolipin antibodies, thyroid function, parental karyotypes were all normal. Fetal products confirmed triploidy for her 4th miscarriage at 16 weeks gestation. She was reassured and advised to conceive again but had fetal demise after 24 weeks gestation. This was her 5th pregnancy loss with no explanation. She attended our Restorative Reproductive Medicine (RRM) clinic in January 2022. In addition to poor follicle function, we found hypoandrogenemia for the first time. Treatment included follicle stimulation with clomiphene and DHEA 25 mg twice daily pre-conception with DHEA 20 mg once daily maintained throughout pregnancy. She delivered a healthy baby boy by cesarean section at 36 weeks gestation in November 2023. Hypoandrogenemia should be considered as a contributory factor for women with recurrent miscarriage or late pregnancy loss. Restoration of androgens to normal levels with oral DHEA is safe and can improve pregnancy outcome.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Medicine"}},"pageStart":"1358563","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2024.1358563","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q140366005"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fmed.2024.1358563"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38426161"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q140366005"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/associations-of-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-with-indicators-of-brain-health-at-mid-eouillqu/","name":"Associations of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome With Indicators of Brain Health at Midlife in the CARDIA Cohort","headline":"Associations of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome With Indicators of Brain Health at Midlife in the CARDIA Cohort","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/associations-of-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-with-indicators-of-brain-health-at-mid-eouillqu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Huddleston HG","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5350-6951"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jaswa EG","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1653-902X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Casaletto KB","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5000-7604"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neuhaus J","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0998-4352"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kim C","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9237-0532"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wellons M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Launer LJ","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3238-7612"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yaffe K","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0919-3825"}],"datePublished":"2024-02-27","abstract":"BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common reproductive disorder associated with an adverse cardiometabolic profile early in life. Increasing evidence links cardiovascular risk factors, such as diabetes and hypertension, to accelerated cognitive aging. However, less is known about PCOS and its relationship to brain health, particularly at midlife. Our goal was to investigate possible associations between PCOS and midlife cognitive function and brain MRI findings in an ongoing prospective study.\n\nMETHODS: We used data from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study, a geographically diverse prospective cohort study of individuals who were 18-30 years at baseline (1985-1986) and followed for 30 years. We identified women with PCOS from an ancillary study (CARDIA Women's study (CWS); n = 1,163) as those with elevated androgen levels and/or hirsutism in conjunction with symptoms of oligomenorrhea. At year 30, participants completed cognitive testing, including the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) (verbal learning and memory), Digit Symbol Substitution Test (processing speed and executive function), Stroop test (attention and cognitive control), and category and letter fluency tests (semantics and attention). A subset completed brain MRI to assess brain structure and white matter integrity. Multivariable linear regression models estimated the association between PCOS and outcomes, adjusting for age, race, education, and study center.\n\nRESULTS: Of the 1163 women in CWS, 907 completed cognitive testing, and of these, 66 (7.1%) met criteria for PCOS (age 54.7 years). Women with and without PCOS were similar for age, BMI, smoking/drinking status, and income. At year 30, participants with PCOS performed lower (mean z score; 95% CI) on Stroop (-0.323 (-0.69 to -7.37); p = 0.008), RAVLT (-0.254 (-0.473 to -0.034); p = 0.002), and category fluency (-0.267 (-0.480 to -0.040); p = 0.02) tests. Of the 291 participants with MRI, 25 (8.5%) met PCOS criteria and demonstrated lower total white matter fractional anisotropy, a measure of white matter integrity (coefficient (95% CI) -0.013 (-0.021 to -0.005); p = 0.002), though not abnormal white matter.\n\nDISCUSSION: Our results suggest that women with PCOS have lower cognitive performance and lower white matter integrity at midlife. Additional research is needed to confirm these findings and to determine potential mechanistic pathways including potential modifiable factors.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"102","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Neurology"}}},"pageStart":"e208104","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000208104","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128936273"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1212/WNL.0000000000208104"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38295344"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q128936273"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/male-infertility-rechoes4mxprqje5j/","name":"Male Infertility","headline":"Male Infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/male-infertility-rechoes4mxprqje5j/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Leslie SW"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Soon-Sutton TL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Khan MAB"}],"datePublished":"2024-02-25","abstract":"Infertility is usually defined as the inability of a couple to conceive even after 1 year of unprotected, frequent sexual intercourse. It affects about 15% of all couples in the United States and at least 180 million couples worldwide. Male infertility is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the inability of a male to make a fertile female pregnant for a minimum of at least 1 year of regular unprotected intercourse. The male is solely responsible for about 20% of cases and is a contributing factor in another 30% to 40% of all infertility cases. As male and female causes often co-exist, it is essential that both partners are investigated for infertility and managed together. Overall, the male factor substantially contributes to about 50% of all cases of infertility. There are several reasons for male fertility, including both reversible and irreversible conditions. Other factors can influence each partner, including age, medications, surgical history, exposure to environmental toxins, genetic problems, and systemic diseases. The key purpose for evaluating a male for infertility is to identify his contributing factors, offer treatment for those that are reversible, determine if he is a candidate for assisted reproductive techniques (ART), and provide counseling for irreversible and untreatable conditions. Up to 6% of men evaluated for male infertility will be found to have more serious underlying pathology, such as cancer. This is an additional reason to do a comprehensive evaluation of the male partners of infertile couples so that any significant, underlying medical conditions can be identified and treated.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"StatPearls [Internet]"},"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32965929"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/an-artificial-intelligence-approach-for-investigating-multifactorial-pain-related-features-of-endometriosis-recsmlaywskghigmz/","name":"An artificial intelligence approach for investigating multifactorial pain-related features of endometriosis","headline":"An artificial intelligence approach for investigating multifactorial pain-related features of endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/an-artificial-intelligence-approach-for-investigating-multifactorial-pain-related-features-of-endometriosis-recsmlaywskghigmz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Edgar Javier Hernandez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1455-8251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Matthew Peterson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4644-602X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Eilbeck","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0831-6427","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A C Kiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3025-3853","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mark Yandell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9497-4505","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2024-02-21","abstract":"Endometriosis is a debilitating, chronic disease that is estimated to affect 11% of reproductive-age women. Diagnosis of endometriosis is difficult with diagnostic delays of up to 12 years reported. These delays can negatively impact health and quality of life. Vague, nonspecific symptoms, like pain, with multiple differential diagnoses contribute to the difficulty of diagnosis. By investigating previously imprecise symptoms of pain, we sought to clarify distinct pain symptoms indicative of endometriosis, using an artificial intelligence-based approach. We used data from 473 women undergoing laparoscopy or laparotomy for a variety of surgical indications. Multiple anatomical pain locations were clustered based on the associations across samples to increase the power in the probability calculations. A Bayesian network was developed using pain-related features, subfertility, and diagnoses. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed by querying the network for the relative risk of a postoperative diagnosis, given the presence of different symptoms. Performance and sensitivity analyses demonstrated the advantages of Bayesian network analysis over traditional statistical techniques. Clustering grouped the 155 anatomical sites of pain into 15 pain locations. After pruning, the final Bayesian network included 18 nodes. The presence of any pain-related feature increased the relative risk of endometriosis (p-value < 0.001). The constellation of chronic pelvic pain, subfertility, and dyspareunia resulted in the greatest increase in the relative risk of endometriosis. The performance and sensitivity analyses demonstrated that the Bayesian network could identify and analyze more significant associations with endometriosis than traditional statistical techniques. Pelvic pain, frequently associated with endometriosis, is a common and vague symptom. Our Bayesian network for the study of pain-related features of endometriosis revealed specific pain locations and pain types that potentially forecast the diagnosis of endometriosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"PloS one"}}},"pageStart":"e0297998","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0297998","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1371/journal.pone.0297998"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38381710"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/systematic-review-and-metaanalysis-of-the-etiology-of-heavy-menstrual-bleeding-i-sapssf8g/","name":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of the etiology of heavy menstrual bleeding in 2,770 adolescent females","headline":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of the etiology of heavy menstrual bleeding in 2,770 adolescent females","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/systematic-review-and-metaanalysis-of-the-etiology-of-heavy-menstrual-bleeding-i-sapssf8g/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hall EM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ravelo AE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aronoff SC","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6291-8528"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Del Vecchio MT"}],"datePublished":"2024-02-20","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Adolescent heavy menstrual bleeding(HMB), menorrhagia or abnormal uterine bleeding commonly occur in adolescent women. The differential diagnosis can be challenging. The pneumonic: PALM-COEIN (polyp, adenomyosis, leiomyoma, malignancy and hyperplasia, coagulopathy, ovulatory dysfunction, endometrial, iatrogenic, and not yet classified), is commonly used but it does not stratify as to the likelihood of a disorder. We have sought to develop a probability-based differential diagnosis for Adolescent HMB, menorrhagia or abnormal uterine bleeding.\n\nMETHODS: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE, and SCOPUS databases. Case series describing adolescents from 10-19 years of age with HMB, menorrhagia or abnormal uterine bleeding was acceptable if: more than 10 patients were included; editorials, case reports, and secondary sources such as review articles, or book chapters were excluded. No language filter was used, but an English abstract was required. The etiology of HMB, menorrhagia or abnormal uterine bleeding, and the country of origin was extracted from articles that met inclusion criteria. Cumulative rate estimates were determined by Bayesian probability modeling.\n\nRESULTS: Seventeen full text articles were reviewed in detail; 2,770 patients were included. The most frequent causes of HMB were Ovarian Uterine Disorders (23.7%; 95% CredI 22-25.5%), Coagulation Disorders (19.4%; 95% CredI 17.8-21.1%), and Platelet Disorders (6.23%; 95% CredI 5.27-7.27%) with 45.9% (95% CredI 43.8-47.%9) of the cases of indeterminate origin.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: The leading causes of HMB in healthy adolescent females were varied. The sub-analysis identified distinct etiologies, suggesting that multiple factors must be considered in the evaluation of HMB. While PALM-COEIN (polyp, adenomyosis, leiomyoma, malignancy and hyperplasia, coagulopathy, ovulatory dysfunction, endometrial, iatrogenic, and not yet classified) provides us with a comprehensive picture of the possible causes of HMB in females, this systematic review assigns probabilities to the etiologies of HMB in adolescent females, providing physicians with a more focused and efficient pathway to diagnosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMC women's health"}}},"pageStart":"136","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-024-02921-7","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s12905-024-02921-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38378571"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/longitudinal-assessment-of-bone-mineral-density-in-women-living-with-and-without-hiv-across-reproductive-phases-reca6nqk4hq8ggar8/","name":"Longitudinal Assessment of Bone Mineral Density in Women Living With and Without HIV Across Reproductive Phases","headline":"Longitudinal Assessment of Bone Mineral Density in Women Living With and Without HIV Across Reproductive Phases","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/longitudinal-assessment-of-bone-mineral-density-in-women-living-with-and-without-hiv-across-reproductive-phases-reca6nqk4hq8ggar8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Elizabeth M King","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3609-1736","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Simon Fraser University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0213rcc28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudie Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5499-2661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ulrike Mayer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6225-7803","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Health Research Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0455vfz21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neora Pick","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4123-3698","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"B.C. Women's Hospital & Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c4nx247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amber R Campbell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3068-7849","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Health Research Institute  Vancouver British Columbia Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hélène C F Côté","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0399-5141","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Health Research Institute, H214-4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia V6H 3N1, Canada; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Rm. G227 - 2211 Wesb...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0455vfz21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"the CIHR Team on Cellular Aging and HIV Comorbidities in Women and Children (CARMA, CTN 277)"},{"@type":"Person","name":"CTN 277)\""},{"@type":"Person","name":"Melanie C M Murray","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9538-2758","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oak Tree Clinic, BC Women's Hospital and Health Centre, 4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 0A7, Canada; Women's Health Research Institute, H214-4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia V6...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0455vfz21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shayda A Swann","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7507-3747","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2024-02-01","abstract":"Background: Women living with HIV commonly experience low areal bone mineral density (BMD), but whether this is affected by low ovarian hormonal states (prolonged amenorrhea or menopause) is unknown. We compared rates of BMD loss between women living with HIV and HIV-negative control women and investigated its association with low ovarian hormonal states.\nSetting: Women living with HIV were enrolled from Vancouver Canada and controls from 9 Canadian sites.\n\nMethods: This longitudinal analysis included age-matched women living with HIV in the Children and Women: AntiRetrovirals and Markers of Aging cohort and controls in the population-based Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study. Rate of change/year in BMD at the total hip and lumbar spine (L1-L4) between 3 and 5 years was compared between groups, adjusting for sociodemographic and clinical variables.\n\nResults: Ninety-two women living with HIV (median [interquartile range] age: 49.5 [41.6-54.1] years and body mass index: 24.1 [20.7-30.8] kg/m 2 ) and 278 controls (age: 49.0 [43.0-55.0] years and body mass index: 25.8 [22.9-30.6] kg/m 2 ) were included. Total hip BMD loss was associated with HIV (β: -0.003 [95% CI: -0.006 to -0.0001] g/cm 2 /yr), menopause (β: -0.007 [-0.01 to -0.005] g/cm 2 /yr), and smoking (β: -0.003 [-0.006 to -0.0002] g/cm 2 /yr); BMD gain was linked with higher body mass index (β: 0.0002 [0.0007-0.0004] g/cm 2 /yr). Menopause was associated with losing L1-L4 BMD (β: -0.01 [-0.01 to -0.006] g/cm 2 /yr). Amenorrhea was not associated with BMD loss.\n\nConclusions: HIV and menopause negatively influenced total hip BMD. These data suggest women living with HIV require hip BMD monitoring as they age.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"95","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)"}}},"pageStart":"197","pageEnd":"206","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0000000000003336","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/QAI.0000000000003336"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37963371"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/determination-of-hexavalent-chromium-in-textiles-of-daily-use-by-ion-chromatogra-l9sfdjr8/","name":"Determination of hexavalent chromium in textiles of daily use by ion chromatography and dermal risk assessment","headline":"Determination of hexavalent chromium in textiles of daily use by ion chromatography and dermal risk assessment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/determination-of-hexavalent-chromium-in-textiles-of-daily-use-by-ion-chromatogra-l9sfdjr8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bruzzoniti MC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Schilirò T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gea M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rivoira L"}],"datePublished":"2024-02-01","abstract":"The determination of hexavalent chromium in textiles and clothes is challenging since during extraction, the original oxidation state should not be altered. Since, as a matter of fact, current analytical methods are focused only on total chromium determination, the purpose of this research is to develop a reliable analytical method for the determination of Cr(VI) in textiles and tissues of daily use for a reliable application of risk analysis models, which are usually based on total Cr data. After optimization, a 0.0025 M Na3PO4 extraction solution was selected for the extraction of Cr(VI) from textiles. This solution minimizes possible interconversion redox reactions and interference, and provides good extraction recoveries (88.4 ± 2.5% - 105.5 ± 0.6 %, according to Cr(VI) concentration) and quantitation limits (0.017 mg/kg), fully complying the current limits set for Cr(VI) in textiles in contact with skin, and for leachable Cr(VI). The developed method was validated investigating intra-day repeatability (n = 10) and inter-day repeatability (n = 30) which were below 12%, and matrix effect which was below 6% confirming the precision of the method and the negligibility of a matrix interference during the whole analysis. The method, which was proved to be suited also for bioaccessibility studies in saliva and sweat, was applied to the analysis of tank top, coloured paper napkin, polyamide tights, panties, highlighting Cr(VI) content in the panties only at very low concentration (0.028 mg/kg). As verified by ECHA and US EPA approaches, this amount does not pose a non-carcinogenic risk for human health. As regards carcinogenic risk, considering both adult and child exposure, the dermal contact with the panties poses an acceptable risk (R ≤ 10-6).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"242","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environmental Research"}},"pageStart":"117731","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2023.117731","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.envres.2023.117731"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/contamination-of-textile-dyes-in-aquatic-environment-adverse-impact-on-aquatic-e-cystvqwk/","name":"Contamination of textile dyes in aquatic environment: Adverse impacts on aquatic ecosystem and human health, and its management using bioremediation","headline":"Contamination of textile dyes in aquatic environment: Adverse impacts on aquatic ecosystem and human health, and its management using bioremediation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/contamination-of-textile-dyes-in-aquatic-environment-adverse-impact-on-aquatic-e-cystvqwk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Siddhartha Dutta","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6525-5950","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ajman University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01j1rma10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Adhikary S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Siladitya Bhattacharya","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6279-7826","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aberdeen Maternity Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0020hse07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roy D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chatterjee S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chakraborty A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Banerjee D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ganguly A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nanda S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rajak P"}],"datePublished":"2024-02-01","abstract":"Textile dyes are the burgeoning environmental contaminants across the world. They might be directly disposed of from textile industries into the aquatic bodies, which act as the direct source for the entire ecosystem, ultimately impacting the human beings. Hence, it is essential to dissect the potential adverse outcomes of textile dye exposure on aquatic plants, aquatic fauna, terrestrial entities, and humans. Analysis of appropriate literature has revealed that textile dye effluents could affect the aquatic biota by disrupting their growth and reproduction. Various aquatic organisms are targeted by textile dye effluents. In such organisms, these chemicals affect their development, behavior, and induce oxidative stress. General populations of humans are exposed to textile dyes via the food chain and drinking contaminated water. In humans, textile dyes are biotransformed into electrophilic intermediates and aromatic amines by the enzymes of the cytochrome family. Textile dyes and their biotransformed products form the DNA and protein adducts at sub-cellular moiety. Moreover, these compounds catalyze the production of free radicals and oxidative stress, and trigger the apoptotic cascades to produce lesions in multiple organs. In addition, textile dyes modulate epigenetic factors like DNA methyltransferase and histone deacetylase to promote carcinogenesis. Several bioremediation approaches involving algae, fungi, bacteria, biomembrane filtration techniques, etc., have been tested and some other hybrid systems are currently under investigation to treat textile dye effluents. However, many such approaches are at the trial stage and require further research to develop more efficient, cost-effective, and easy-to-handle techniques.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"353","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Environmental Management"}},"pageStart":"120103","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120103","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q129276612"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120103"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q129276612"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/multisource-exposure-and-health-risks-of-phthalates-among-university-students-in-cyyuyl2w/","name":"Multi-source exposure and health risks of phthalates among university students in Northeastern China","headline":"Multi-source exposure and health risks of phthalates among university students in Northeastern China","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/multisource-exposure-and-health-risks-of-phthalates-among-university-students-in-cyyuyl2w/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hang Zhu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8559-3356","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chongqing Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/017z00e58"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zheng N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chen Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6748-9654","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Taiwan University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05bqach95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Li N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"An Q"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhang, De Wei","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8369-9264"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Queran Lin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1757-9093","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Iowa State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rswrd78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiu Z"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shi-Ran Sun","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wuhan Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01f0rgv52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xike Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0019-4197","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yuhua Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3842-475X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fb35g87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shu Wang"}],"datePublished":"2024-02-01","abstract":"The endocrine disruptor phthalates (PAEs) are widely used as important chemical additives in a variety of areas around the globe. PAEs are toxic to reproduction and development and may adversely affect the health of adolescents. Risk assessments of exposure to PAEs from different sources are more reflective of actual exposure than single-source assessments. We used personal exposure parameters to estimate the dose of PAEs to 107 university students from six media (including dormitory dust, dormitory air, clothing, food, disposable food containers, and personal care products (PCPs)) and three exposure routes (including ingestion, inhalation, and dermal absorption). Individual factors and lifestyles may affect PAE exposure to varying degrees. Based on a positive matrix factorization (PMF) model, the results indicated that the main sources of PAEs in dust were indoor building materials and plastics, while PCPs and adhesives were the major sources of airborne PAEs. The relative contribution of each source to PAE exposure showed that food and air were the primary sources of dimethyl phthalate (DMP) and dibutyl phthalate (DBP). Air source contributed the most to diethyl phthalate (DEP) exposure, followed by PCPs. Food was the most significant source of diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP), benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP), and bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) exposure. Additionally, the exposure of DEHP to dust was not negligible. The ingestion pathway was the most dominant among the three exposure pathways, followed by dermal absorption. The non-carcinogenic risk of PAEs from the six sources was within acceptable limits. DEHP exhibits a low carcinogenic risk. We suggest university students maintain good hygienic and living habits to minimize exposure to PAEs.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"913","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Science of The Total Environment"}},"pageStart":"169701","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169701","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169701"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevention-of-moderate-and-severe-ovarian-hyperstimulation-syndrome-a-guideline-ldzkomyp/","name":"Prevention of moderate and severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome: a guideline","headline":"Prevention of moderate and severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome: a guideline","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevention-of-moderate-and-severe-ovarian-hyperstimulation-syndrome-a-guideline-ldzkomyp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine"}],"datePublished":"2024-02-01","abstract":"Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome is a serious complication associated with assisted reproductive technology. This systematic review aims to identify who is at high risk for developing ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, along with evidence-based strategies to prevent it and replaces the document of the same name last published in 2016.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"121","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"230","pageEnd":"245","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2023.11.013","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2023.11.013"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-prevalence-of-endometriosis-in-patients-with-unexplained-infertility-recjghj8avxi4uhfq/","name":"The Prevalence of Endometriosis in Patients with Unexplained Infertility","headline":"The Prevalence of Endometriosis in Patients with Unexplained Infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-prevalence-of-endometriosis-in-patients-with-unexplained-infertility-recjghj8avxi4uhfq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Barbara Page","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6168-8660","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of St.Gallen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0561a3s31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Camran Nezhat","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2360-5147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ellie Armani","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Special Minimally Invasive and Robotic Surgery","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dxr8975"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Farrah Khoyloo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas Rduch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7486-5002","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of St.Gallen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0561a3s31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Angie Tsuei","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03"}}],"datePublished":"2024-01-23","abstract":"Endometriosis, a systemic ailment, profoundly affects various aspects of life, often eluding detection for over a decade. This leads to enduring issues such as chronic pain, infertility, emotional strain, and potential organ dysfunction. The prolonged absence of diagnosis can contribute to unexplained obstetric challenges and fertility issues, necessitating costly and emotionally taxing treatments. While biopsy remains the gold standard for diagnosis, emerging noninvasive screening methods are gaining prominence. These tests can indicate endometriosis in cases of unexplained infertility, offering valuable insights to patients and physicians managing both obstetric and non-obstetric conditions. In a retrospective cross-sectional study involving 215 patients aged 25 to 45 with unexplained infertility, diagnostic laparoscopy was performed after unsuccessful reproductive technology attempts. Pathology results revealed tissue abnormalities in 98.6% of patients, with 90.7% showing endometriosis, confirmed by the presence of endometrial-like glands and stroma. The study underscores the potential role of endometriosis in unexplained infertility cases. Although the study acknowledges selection bias, a higher than previously reported prevalence suggests evaluating endometriosis in patients who have not responded to previous reproductive interventions may be justified. Early detection holds significance due to associations with ovarian cancer, prolonged fertility drug use, pregnancy complications, and elevated post-delivery stroke risk.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"444","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13020444","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130072043"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/jcm13020444"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38256580"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q130072043"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-baradwan-s-alshahrani-m-d1cmaczx/","name":"Effect of Oral Consumption of Vitamin D on Uterine Fibroids: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials","headline":"Effect of Oral Consumption of Vitamin D on Uterine Fibroids: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-baradwan-s-alshahrani-m-d1cmaczx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Alsharif SA","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2439-7594"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Baradwan S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0427-8758"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alshahrani MS","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9718-6371"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Khadawardi K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"AlSghan R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Badghish E","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8983-0585"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bukhari IA","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8267-5874"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alyousef A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4076-9856"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Khuraybah AM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alomar O","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4715-9396"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Abu-Zaid A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2286-2181"}],"datePublished":"2024-01-17","abstract":"Impaired vitamin D status is highly prevalent among women with UFs. The objective of this first-ever systematic review and meta-analysis was to summarize the effect of vitamin D supplementation on the size of uterine fibroids (UFs). We performed a comprehensive literature search for published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from inception to September 2022. Five trials including 511 participants (256 cases and 255 controls) were included. Pooling results from five trials, which compared size of UFs between experimental and placebo groups, revealed that vitamin D supplementation could significantly decrease the size of UFs (standardized mean difference [SMD]: -0.48, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.66, -0.31) and cause improvement in serum level of vitamin D compared to placebo group (SMD: 3.1, 95% CI: 0.66, 5.55). A significant effect was observed in the subset of trials administering vitamin D supplementation for >8 wk (SMD: -0.62, 95% CI: -0.88, -0.37). In conclusion, vitamin D supplementation significantly increases serum levels of vitamin D and reduces the size of UFs. However, larger, well-designed RCTs are still needed to determine the effect of vitamin D on other parameters of UFs.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"76","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nutrition and Cancer"}}},"pageStart":"226","pageEnd":"235","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/01635581.2023.2288716","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q129961497"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/01635581.2023.2288716"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q129961497"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-exposure-to-per-and-perfluoroalkyl-substances-pfas-and-repro-5o5fyuob/","name":"Association between exposure to per- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and reproductive hormones in human: A systematic review and meta-analysis","headline":"Association between exposure to per- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and reproductive hormones in human: A systematic review and meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-exposure-to-per-and-perfluoroalkyl-substances-pfas-and-repro-5o5fyuob/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lin Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0312-4801","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jiangsu Province Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04py1g812"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ying Guo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2629-4145","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wadsworth Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/050kf9c55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ma S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wen H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yuhua Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3842-475X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fb35g87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jie Qiao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2126-1376","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Peking University Third Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04wwqze12"}}],"datePublished":"2024-01-15","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) is persistent endocrine disrupting chemicals. Previous evidence suggests that exposure to PFAS is associated with reproductive hormone levels, but the results of relevant studies are inconsistent. The objective of our study is to determine the association between exposure to PFAS and reproductive hormone levels in gender-specific general population.\n\nMETHOD: Based on scientific search strategies, we systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Medline, and Scopus to obtain the eligible studies published before January 21, 2023. The quality of the included articles was assessed using the Office of Health Assessment and Translation (OHAT) Risk of Bias tool. We combined the β coefficient and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using Stata.17 with random-effect model or fixed-effect model. We also performed subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and Begger's and Egger's tests.\n\nRESULTS: Eleven studies involving 7714 participants were included. Meta-analysis showed that PFHxS exposure was positively associated with estradiol (E2) levels in female [β = 0.030, 95% CI: (0.013, 0.046), P = 0.000]. A negative association was found between PFOA [β = -0.012, 95% CI: (-0.023, -0.002), P = 0.017] and PFOS [β = -0.011; 95% CI: (-0.021, -0.000), P = 0.042] exposure with male testosterone (TT) levels. In the subgroup analysis, there were stronger associations in children than in adults. And the high heterogeneity was mainly due to the cross-sectional studies. Publication bias was not found in most of the analyses.\n\nCONCLUSION: Our study showed that PFAS exposure was significantly associated with reproductive hormone levels. Further related studies are needed to identify the association and potential mechanism in the future.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"241","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environmental research"}},"pageStart":"117553","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2023.117553","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.envres.2023.117553"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37931739"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-fertility-treatment-and-socioeconomic-status-on-neonatal-and-post--recespcfwfgx8o1xa/","name":"The effect of fertility treatment and socioeconomic status on neonatal and  post-neonatal mortality in the United States","headline":"The effect of fertility treatment and socioeconomic status on neonatal and  post-neonatal mortality in the United States","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-fertility-treatment-and-socioeconomic-status-on-neonatal-and-post--recespcfwfgx8o1xa/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"David C Fineman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4322-4912","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Case Western Reserve University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/051fd9666"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emin Maltepe","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1271-7565","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roberta L Keller","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0743-8470","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paolo Rinaudo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6528-6009","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pennsylvania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Meesha Sharma","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9212-438X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Martina A Steurer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0794-160X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}}],"datePublished":"2024-01-12","abstract":"Objective: To determine the association between fertility treatment, socioeconomic status (SES), and neonatal and post-neonatal mortality.\n\nSTUDY Design: Retrospective cohort study of all births (19,350,344) and infant deaths from 2014-2018 in the United States. The exposure was mode of conception-spontaneous vs fertility treatment. The outcome was neonatal (<28d), and post-neonatal (28d-1y) mortality. Multivariable logistic models were stratified by SES. RESULT: The fertility treatment group had statistically significantly higher odds of neonatal mortality (high SES OR 1.59; CI [1.5, 1.68], low SES OR 2.11; CI [1.79, 2.48]) and lower odds of post-neonatal mortality (high SES OR 0.87, CI [0.76, 0.996], low SES OR 0.6, CI [0.38, 0.95]). SES significantly modified the effect of ART/NIFT on neonatal and post-neonatal mortality.\n\nConclusions: Fertility treatment is associated with higher neonatal and lower post-neonatal mortality and SES modifies this effect. Socioeconomic policies and support for vulnerable families may help reduce rates of infant mortality.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"44","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Perinatology : Official Journal of the California Perinatal  Association"}}},"pageStart":"187","pageEnd":"194","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41372-024-01866-x","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/s41372-024-01866-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38212435"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-menstrual-cycle-is-influenced-by-weekly-and-lunar-rhythms-recmhbr9nkpltvfep/","name":"The menstrual cycle is influenced by weekly and lunar rhythms","headline":"The menstrual cycle is influenced by weekly and lunar rhythms","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-menstrual-cycle-is-influenced-by-weekly-and-lunar-rhythms-recmhbr9nkpltvfep/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"René Ecochard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1695-789X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospices Civils de Lyon","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01502ca60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rene Leiva","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1395-3236","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Ottawa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03c4mmv16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jack T Pearson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6160-2134","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Natural Cycles Nordic AB, Stockholm, Sweden","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056hm0802"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas P Bouchard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5774-0286","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Calgary","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claude Gronfier","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6549-799X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Neurocampus, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France. Electronic address: claude.gronfier@inserm.fr.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/029brtt94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Agathe Van Lamsweerde","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Natural Cycles AB, Stockholm, Sweden."}}],"datePublished":"2024-01-11","abstract":"Objective: To study whether the menstrual cycle has a circaseptan (7 days) rhythm and whether it is associated with the lunar cycle (also defined as the synodic month, it is the cycle of the phases of the Moon as seen from Earth, averaging 29.5 days in length).\nDesign: Cross-sectional study.\n\nSubjects: A total of 35,940 European and North American women aged 18-40 years.\n\nExposure: Data were collected in real-life conditions.\n\nIntervention: No intervention was performed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The onset of menstruation was assessed in prospectively measured menstrual cycles (311,064 cycles) over 3 full years (2019-2021). Associations were calculated between the onset of menstruation and the day of the week, and between the onset of menstruation and the lunar phase.\n\nResults: In this large data set, a circaseptan (7-day) rhythmicity of menstruation was observed, with a peak (acrophase) of menstrual onset on Thursdays and Fridays. This circaseptan rhythm was observed in every age group, in every phase of the lunar cycle, and in all seasons. This feature was most pronounced for cycle durations between 27 and 29 days. In winter, the circaseptan rhythm was found in cycles of 27-29 days, but not in other cycle lengths. A circalunar rhythm was also statistically significant, but not as clearly defined as the circaseptan rhythm. The peak (acrophase) of the circalunar rhythm of menstrual onset varied according to the season. In addition, there was a small but statistically significant interaction between the circaseptan rhythm and the lunar cycle.\n\nConclusion: Although relatively small in amplitude, the weekly rhythm of menstruation was statistically significant. Menstruation occurs more often on Thursdays and Fridays than on other days of the week. This is particularly true for women whose cycles last between 27 and 29 days. Circalunar rhythmicity was also statistically significant. However, it is less pronounced than the weekly rhythm.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"121","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"651","pageEnd":"659","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2023.12.009","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139250957"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2023.12.009"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38206269"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q139250957"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chronic-stress-blocks-the-endometriosis-immune-response-by-metabolic-reprogrammi-rec67bhj4mgzijamv/","name":"Chronic Stress Blocks the Endometriosis Immune Response by Metabolic  Reprogramming","headline":"Chronic Stress Blocks the Endometriosis Immune Response by Metabolic  Reprogramming","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chronic-stress-blocks-the-endometriosis-immune-response-by-metabolic-reprogrammi-rec67bhj4mgzijamv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jing Xu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0660-6279","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059cjpv64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ke Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5926-288X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059cjpv64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jing Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4921-9674","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Utah Valley University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02rxpxc98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yilin Dai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7954-2969","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rhdtb47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yiqing Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6870-4202","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Congjian Xu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4561-2644","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rhdtb47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yu Kang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8521-5745","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rhdtb47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ranran Chai","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rhdtb47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chong Lu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0274-5382","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/034t30j35"}}],"datePublished":"2024-01-11","abstract":"Studies have shown that the occurrence and development of endometriosis are closely linked to long-term psychological stress. The specific contribution of chronic stress to the metabolic adaptations in patients with endometriosis is still unknown. Lesions were removed from ten endometriosis patients during an operation, and the participants were divided into two groups using a psychological questionnaire. An mRNA Human Gene Expression Microarray analysis was applied to compare the mRNA expression profiles between the chronic stress group and the control group. In addition, the reliability of the mRNA Human Gene Expression Microarray analysis was verified by using research on metabolites based on both the liquid chromatography (LC-MS/MS) technique and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). A microarray analysis of significantly up-regulated, differentially expressed genes between the chronic stress and the control groups showed genes that were principally related to metabolism-related processes and immune-related processes, such as the immune response process, negative regulation of T cell proliferation, the leucine metabolic process, and the L-cysteine metabolic process (p < 0.05). LC-MS showed that the differential metabolites were primarily concerned with arginine and proline metabolism, D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism, aspartate metabolism, glycine, serine metabolism, and tyrosine metabolism (p < 0.05). The possibility of chronic stress blocks the endometriosis immune response through metabolic reprogramming. Chronic stress reduces the supply of energy substrates such as arginine and serine, down-regulates T immune cell activation, and affects the anti-tumor immune response, thereby promoting the migration and invasion of endometriosis lesions in patients with chronic stress.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"25","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25010029","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/ijms25010029"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38203209"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevalence-and-risk-factors-for-postpartum-depression-2-months-after-a-vaginal-d-recxfby4lrszzfhwu/","name":"Prevalence and risk factors for postpartum depression 2 months after a vaginal  delivery: a prospective multicenter study","headline":"Prevalence and risk factors for postpartum depression 2 months after a vaginal  delivery: a prospective multicenter study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevalence-and-risk-factors-for-postpartum-depression-2-months-after-a-vaginal-d-recxfby4lrszzfhwu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Catherine Deneux‐Tharaux","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6561-3321","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Paris Cité","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05f82e368"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hanane Bouchghoul","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8482-2815","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université de Bordeaux","sameAs":"https://ror.org/057qpr032"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hugo Madar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2742-9259","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université de Bordeaux","sameAs":"https://ror.org/057qpr032"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"TRanexamic Acid for Preventing Postpartum Hemorrhage After Vaginal Delivery Study Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Catherine Deneux-Tharaux","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Perinatal Obstetrical and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team, Center for Research on Epidemiology and Statistics, National Institute of Health and Medical Research, Université Paris Cité, Paris, ..."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alizée Froeliger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7145-8874","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France; Perinatal Obstetrical and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team, Center for Research on Epidemiology and Stat...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/057qpr032"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lola Loussert","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Fédérale de Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées","sameAs":"https://ror.org/004raaa70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Loïc Sentilhes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0009-3625","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France. Electronic address: loicsentilhes@hotmail.com.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/057qpr032"}}],"datePublished":"2024-01-09","abstract":"Background: Very little is known about the prevalence and risk factors of postpartum depression among women with vaginal births without major pregnancy complications.\n\nObjective: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of postpartum depression and identify its characteristics 2 months after singleton vaginal delivery at or near term.\n\nStudy Design: This was an ancillary cohort study of the TRanexamic Acid for Preventing Postpartum Hemorrhage After Vaginal Delivery randomized controlled trial, which was conducted in 15 French hospitals in 2015-2016 and enrolled women with singleton vaginal deliveries after 35 weeks of gestation. After randomization, the characteristics of labor, delivery, and the immediate postpartum experience, including the experience of childbirth, were prospectively collected. Medical records provided women's other characteristics, particularly any psychiatric history. Of note, 2 months after childbirth, provisional postpartum depression diagnosis was defined as a score of ≥13 on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, a validated self-administered questionnaire. The corrected prevalence of postpartum depression was calculated with the inverse probability weighting method to take nonrespondents into account. Associations between potential risk factors and postpartum depression were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression. Moreover, an Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale cutoff value of ≥11 was selected to perform a sensitivity analysis.\n\nResults: The questionnaire was returned by 2811 of 3891 women (72.2% response rate). The prevalence rates of the provisional diagnosis were 9.9% (95% confidence interval, 8.6%-11.3%) defined by an Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale score of ≥13 and 15.5% (95% confidence interval, 14.0%-17.1%) with a cutoff value of ≥11. The characteristics associated with higher risks of postpartum depression in multivariate analysis were mostly related to prepregnancy characteristics, specifically age of <25 years (adjusted odds ratio, 1.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-2.9) and advanced age (adjusted odds ratio, 1.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-2.6), migration from North Africa (adjusted odds ratio, 2.9; 95% confidence interval, 1.9-4.4), previous abortion (adjusted odds ratio, 1.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.0-2.0), and psychiatric history (adjusted odds ratio, 2.9; 95% confidence interval, 1.8-4.8). Some characteristics of labor and delivery, such as induced labor (adjusted odds ratio, 1.5; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-2.0) and operative vaginal delivery (adjusted odds ratio, 1.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.0-2.0), seemed to be associated with postpartum depression. In addition, bad memories of childbirth in the immediate postpartum were strongly associated with postpartum depression symptoms at 2 months after giving birth (adjusted odds ratio, 2.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.3-4.2).\n\nConclusion: Approximately 10% of women with vaginal deliveries have postpartum depression symptoms, assessed by a score of ≥13 on the depression scale that was used at 2 months. Prepregnancy vulnerability factors; obstetrical characteristics, such as induced labor and operative vaginal delivery; and bad memories of childbirth 2 days after delivery were the main factors associated with this provisional diagnosis. A screening approach that targets risk factors may help to identify women at risk of postpartum depression who could benefit from early intervention.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"230","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3S","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"S1128-S1137.e6","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2023.08.026","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ajog.2023.08.026"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38193879"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sperm-dna-fragmentation-index-affect-pregnancy-outcomes-and-offspring-safety-in--recsltmaoonmluar1/","name":"Sperm DNA fragmentation index affect pregnancy outcomes and offspring safety in  assisted reproductive technology","headline":"Sperm DNA fragmentation index affect pregnancy outcomes and offspring safety in  assisted reproductive technology","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sperm-dna-fragmentation-index-affect-pregnancy-outcomes-and-offspring-safety-in--recsltmaoonmluar1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Feng Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3682-7432","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shangqiu First People's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/025gwsg11"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiaoyan Duan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3739-0164","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shangqiu First People's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/025gwsg11"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Meiling Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7536-160X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhengzhou University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04ypx8c21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xing Ma","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2498-6498","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhengzhou University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04ypx8c21"}}],"datePublished":"2024-01-04","abstract":"The role of sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) in investigating fertility, embryonic development, and pregnancy is of academic interest. However, there is ongoing controversy regarding the impact of DFI on pregnancy outcomes and the safety of offspring in the context of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART). In this study, we conducted an analysis of clinical data obtained from 6330 patients who underwent in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) at the reproductive medical center of The First People's Hospital of Shangqiu and The Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. The patients was stratified into two distinct groups: IVF group and ICSI group, Within each group, patients were further classified into three subgroups. IVF: group A (< 15%) included 3123 patients, group B (15-30%) included 561 patients, and group C (≥ 30%) included 46 patients. ICSI: group A (< 15%) included 1967 patients, group B (15-30%) included 462 patients, and group C (≥ 30%) included 171 patients. Data were collected and subjected to statistical analysis. There were no significant differences in the basic characteristics among the three groups, and the sperm DFI did not significantly affect the fertilization rates, pregnancy rates, stillbirth rates and the number of birth defects. However, the incidences of miscarriage rates in IVF/ICSI groups with DFI > 30% and DFI 15-30% were significantly higher than those in IVF/ICSI groups with DFI < 15%, and the miscarriage rates in ICSI group with DFI > 30% were significantly higher than DFI 15-30% group, the smooth fitting curve shows that there is a positive correlation between miscarriage rates and sperm DFI (OR 1.095; 95% CI 1.068-1.123; P < 0.001). The birth weight of infants in the IVF/ICSI groups with DFI > 30% and DFI 15-30% exhibited a statistically significant decrease compared to those in the IVF/ICSI groups with DFI < 15%. Furthermore, the birth weight of infants in the ICSI group with DFI > 30% was lower than that of the DFI 15-30% group. The smooth fitting curve analysis demonstrates a negative association between birth weight and sperm DFI (OR 0.913; 95% CI 0.890-0.937; P < 0.001). Sperm DFI has an impact on both miscarriage rates and birth weight in assisted reproductive technology. The smooth fitting curve analysis reveals a positive correlation between miscarriage rates and DFI, while a negative correlation is observed between birth weight and DFI.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Scientific Reports"}}},"pageStart":"356","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-45091-6","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/s41598-023-45091-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38172506"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/restoration-of-serum-estradiol-and-reduced-incidence-of-miscarriage-in-patients--h9q8uqwg/","name":"Restoration of serum estradiol and reduced incidence of miscarriage in patients with low serum estradiol during pregnancy: a retrospective cohort study using a multifactorial protocol including DHEA","headline":"Restoration of serum estradiol and reduced incidence of miscarriage in patients with low serum estradiol during pregnancy: a retrospective cohort study using a multifactorial protocol including DHEA","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/restoration-of-serum-estradiol-and-reduced-incidence-of-miscarriage-in-patients--h9q8uqwg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Phil C Boyle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2555-6294","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NeoFertility Clinic, Suite 7, 1st Floor, Beacon Mall, Sandyford, Dublin 18, Ireland. Phil.Boyle@NeoFertility.ie."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ciara McCormack","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4508-5522","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karolina M Andralojc","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4644-6898","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01yb10j39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brona Kehoe","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Sport and Exercise Science, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford City, Ireland."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susanne van der Velden"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarah Cullivan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4831-2268","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Pulmonary Hypertension Unit, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shahpar Najmabadi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4763-4310","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Noel McCaffrey","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"ExWell Medical, Dublin, Ireland."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Theun de Groot","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5841-6461","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"International Institute for Restorative Reproductive Medicine, London, United Kingdom."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sean Gaine","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Pulmonary Hypertension Unit, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Craig Turczynski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7658-9470","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Diagnostics, Dallas, TX, USA; Duquesne University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brian McCullagh","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Pulmonary Hypertension Unit, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrew McCarren","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Insight Centre for Data Analytics and the School of Computing, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarah J Hardcastle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8378-3781","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Niall M Moyna","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland."}}],"datePublished":"2024-01-04","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Low serum estradiol in early pregnancy is associated with an elevated risk of miscarriage. We sought to determine whether efforts to restore low blood estradiol via estradiol or dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) supplementation would reduce the risk of miscarriage as part of a multifactorial symptom-based treatment protocol. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included women with low serum estradiol levels in early pregnancy, defined as ≤50% of reference levels by gestational age. Estradiol or DHEA were administered orally, and the primary outcome measure was serum estradiol level, in reference to gestational age. The secondary outcome measures included miscarriage, birth weight, and gestational age at birth. RESULTS: We found no significant effect of estradiol supplementation on serum estradiol levels referenced to gestational age, while DHEA supplementation strongly increased estradiol levels. For pregnancies with low estradiol, the miscarriage rate in the non-supplemented group was 45.5%, while miscarriage rate in the estradiol and DHEA supplemented groups were 21.2% (p = 0.067) and 17.5% (p = 0.038), respectively. Birth weight, size, gestational age, and preterm deliveries were not significantly different. No sexual abnormalities were reported in children (n = 29) of DHEA-supplemented patients after 5-7 years follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, DHEA supplementation restored serum estradiol levels, and when included in the treatment protocol, there was a statistically significant reduction in miscarriage.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Reproductive Health"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3389/frph.2023.1321284","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q140374782"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/frph.2023.1321284"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38239818"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q140374782"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/experiences-of-women-living-with-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-a-pilot-case-control--recmhbhgpcob8gfes/","name":"Experiences of women living with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A pilot case-control,  single-cycle, daily Menstrual Cycle Diary study during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic","headline":"Experiences of women living with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A pilot case-control,  single-cycle, daily Menstrual Cycle Diary study during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/experiences-of-women-living-with-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-a-pilot-case-control--recmhbhgpcob8gfes/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kaitlin Nelson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8989-4770","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sonia Shirin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7866-3419","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dharani Kalidasan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8098-3435","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2024-01-02","abstract":"Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) affects many people and is often distressing. Much medical literature about diagnosis and treatment exists, but little is known about PCOS menstrual cycle-related experiences except that cycles tend to be far-apart and unpredictable. Our purpose was to examine the menstrual cycle and daily life experiences in those with PCOS having approximately month-apart cycles compared with age and BMI-matched cohort controls using data from the Menstruation & Ovulation Study 2 (MOS2) during the first 1.5 years of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We hypothesized that those with PCOS would experience lower self-worth and more negative moods. This is a single-cycle prospective case-control study in community-dwelling women ages 19-35 years. Eight reported physician-diagnosed PCOS and were matched (1:3 ratio) with controls by age (within .6 years) and BMI (within .19 BMI units). Experiences were recorded daily (Menstrual Cycle Diary©, Diary). All kept daily morning temperatures to assess luteal phase lengths by the validated Quantitative Basal Temperature© analysis method. From 112 in MOS2, 32 women were compared: eight with PCOS versus 24 controls. Demographic, socioeconomic, comorbidities and lifestyle variables were not different between the two groups. Cycle lengths were similar in PCOS and controls (one PCOS and control each had oligomenorrhea; most lengths were 21-35 days, P = .593). Unexpectedly, luteal phase lengths were also similar between PCOS and controls (P = .167); anovulation occurred in 5 with PCOS, and in 9 controls. There were no significant Diary differences between the two groups except for greater \"outside stress\" in the PCOS group (P = .020). In contrast to our hypotheses, there were no significant differences in feelings of self-worth, anxiety nor depression. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic was a stressful time for women. MOS2 captured granular menstrual cycles, ovulation and daily experiences in women with PCOS compared with ageand BMI-matched controls. These pilot data in women with milder PCOS are the first of more research required to understand the daily experiences in those living with PCOS.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"PloS One"}}},"pageStart":"e0296377","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0296377","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1371/journal.pone.0296377"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38157371"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/review-of-the-assessment-and-management-of-perinatal-mood-and-anxiety-disorders-0evasvgx/","name":"Review of the Assessment and Management of Perinatal Mood and Anxiety Disorders","headline":"Review of the Assessment and Management of Perinatal Mood and Anxiety Disorders","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/review-of-the-assessment-and-management-of-perinatal-mood-and-anxiety-disorders-0evasvgx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Weingarten SJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Osborne LM"}],"datePublished":"2024-01-01","abstract":"Perinatal mood and anxiety disorders (PMADs) are the most common complication of childbirth. When poorly controlled, they are associated with worse obstetric outcomes, such as higher rates of preterm birth and unplanned cesarean delivery. They are also associated with suicide, a leading cause of perinatal maternal death. This article provides an overview of evidence-based recommendations for screening, assessment, and management of PMADs, including suicide risk assessment and management and pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatment options compatible with pregnancy and lactation. Although specialized reproductive psychiatrists can provide expert guidance for the management of PMADs, their scarcity means that most patients will not have access to this expert care and instead will seek guidance from general psychiatrists. This article provides a clinical guide for generalists that is based on the best current evidence, including recently released treatment guidelines.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing)"}}},"pageStart":"16","pageEnd":"24","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.focus.20230023","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q129900477"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1176/appi.focus.20230023"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38694149"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q129900477"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/in-vitro-fertilization-ivf-medication-prices-rose-by-84-over-the-past-10-years-2xjuojeq/","name":"In vitro fertilization (IVF) medication prices rose by 84% over the past 10 years","headline":"In vitro fertilization (IVF) medication prices rose by 84% over the past 10 years","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/in-vitro-fertilization-ivf-medication-prices-rose-by-84-over-the-past-10-years-2xjuojeq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marsh T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"van Meijgaard J"}],"datePublished":"2024-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"GoodRx Research"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/international-committee-for-monitoring-assisted-reproductive-technology-world-re-4bk4mwh7/","name":"International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technology world report: assisted reproductive technology, 2015 and 2016","headline":"International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technology world report: assisted reproductive technology, 2015 and 2016","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/international-committee-for-monitoring-assisted-reproductive-technology-world-re-4bk4mwh7/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kupka MS","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6559-0580"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chambers GM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Silke Dyer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6196-8187","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Groote Schuur Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00c879s84"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fernando Zegers-Hochschild","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6234-6179","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Clínica Las Condes","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j5bwe91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacques de Mouzon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9465-3488","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ishihara O"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Banker M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jwa SC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fu B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elgindy E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Baker V"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G David Adamson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5387-7629","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Endometriosis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01q5m4507"}}],"datePublished":"2024-01-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To report utilization, effectiveness, and safety of assisted reproductive technologies in 2015 and 2016.\n\nDESIGN: A retrospective, cross-sectional survey of 3,103 assisted reproductive technology clinics in 74 countries in 2015 and 3,249 clinics in 79 countries in 2016 that submitted cycle and pregnancy outcome data through national and regional registries.\n\nSETTING: Seventy-nine countries and >3,000 assisted reproductive technology clinics.\n\nPATIENT(S): Patients undergoing assisted reproductive technology procedures.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Assisted reproductive technology.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Outcomes on country, regional, and global levels.\n\nRESULT(S): Reported for 2015: 2,358,239 cycles with 548,652 infants born; for 2016: 2,807,963 cycles with 647,188 infants born. Estimated in 2015, ≥2,683,677 cycles resulted in >675,134 infants; in 2016, ≥3,100,448 cycles resulted in ≥723,026 infants. Reported cycles represent approximately 80% of global utilization. In 2015 and 2016, 27.6% and 27.8%, respectively, of women undergoing fresh autologous treatment cycles were aged ≥40 years. Frozen-thawed embryo transfer (ET) cycles accounted for 47.0% and 51.9%, respectively, of all ETs in 2015 and 2016. Oocyte donation cycles accounted for 6.7% and 7.1% of all ETs in 2015 and 2016. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection was performed in 57.7% and 56.4% of autologous aspiration cycles in 2015 and 2016, respectively. The cumulative delivery rate per aspiration cycle for fresh and frozen-thawed ET was 32.4% in 2015 and 33.1% in 2016, respectively. The average number of transferred embryos was 1.70 in 2015 and 1.69 in 2016. The proportion of single ETs in fresh autologous cycles increased from 42.1% in 2015 to 44.0% in 2016. The twin delivery rate decreased from 16.0% in 2015 to 14.7% in 2016, and the triplet rate decreased from 0.6% in 2015 to 0.4% in 2016. The proportion of single ETs in frozen-thawed ET autologous treatment cycles was 62.2% in 2015 and 64.2% in 2016, with twin and triplet rates of 10.1% and 0.3% in 2015 and 10.0% and 0.2% in 2016, respectively.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Utilization of assisted reproductive technology treatment and births per cycle increased from 2015 to 2016, although multiple births were reduced. An increasing proportion of frozen-thawed ET cycles, continuing wide variation in use of intracytoplasmic sperm injection, and an increase in single ET rates are reported.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"122","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"875","pageEnd":"893","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.07.009","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.07.009"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38996903"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/subchorionic-hematoma-research-status-and-pathogenesis-review-9czaejke/","name":"Subchorionic hematoma: Research status and pathogenesis (Review)","headline":"Subchorionic hematoma: Research status and pathogenesis (Review)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/subchorionic-hematoma-research-status-and-pathogenesis-review-9czaejke/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Xu T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lun W"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yuan-qiao He","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8974-4273"}],"datePublished":"2024-01-01","abstract":"Subchorionic hematoma (SCH) refers to the separation and bleeding of the chorion and decidua, resulting in the accumulation of blood between them. This review discusses the pathogenesis, etiology, and treatment of SCH including coagulation dysfunction, immune dysregulation, reproductive tract infections, assisted reproductive technology, and progesterone therapy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Medicine International"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3892/mi.2024.134","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3892/mi.2024.134"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38362561"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/jsogart-annual-report-2023-2023-9uhzskq4/","name":"JSOG-ART Annual Report 2023 (体外受精・胚移植等の臨床実施成績 2023年)","headline":"JSOG-ART Annual Report 2023 (体外受精・胚移植等の臨床実施成績 2023年)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/jsogart-annual-report-2023-2023-9uhzskq4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"@type":"Person","name":"ART Online Registration Committee"}],"datePublished":"2024-01-01","abstract":"日本産科婦人科学会 体外受精・胚移植等の臨床実施成績 2023年. ENGLISH SUMMARY: JSOG ART annual registry report for 2023 from the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology (JSOG) ART Online Registration Committee. Reports IVF, ICSI, and frozen-embryo-transfer (FET) cycle volumes; cycles performed, oocyte retrieval cycles, freeze-all cycles, transfer cycles, pregnancy cycles, and live births by year and treatment type. Mandatory professional-society reporting from all JSOG-registered ART facilities in Japan, the world's largest mandatory single-country ART registry by cycle volume.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sustainability-in-the-ivf-laboratory-recommendations-of-an-expert-panel-9sb3ptta/","name":"Sustainability in the IVF laboratory: recommendations of an expert panel","headline":"Sustainability in the IVF laboratory: recommendations of an expert panel","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sustainability-in-the-ivf-laboratory-recommendations-of-an-expert-panel-9sb3ptta/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Farlie F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Palmer GA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan Cohen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0091-2216","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Service d'Obst&#xe9;trique et de Fertilit&#xe9;, Clinique Saint Th&#xe9;r&#xe8;se, Paris, France."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Calcagni C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gorbunova A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lawford Davies J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Loscher C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"O'Raghallaigh R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sharp T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Smale D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sörme P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thiel CL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alteri A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Archie Campbell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0198-5078","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Western General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/009kr6r15"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Crompton K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mortimer S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pisaturo V"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tolpe A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alikani M"}],"datePublished":"2024-01-01","abstract":"The healthcare industry is a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions. Assisted reproductive technology is part of the larger healthcare sector, with its own heavy carbon footprint. The social, economic and environmental costs of this collective carbon footprint are becoming clearer, as is the impact on human reproductive health. Alpha Scientists in Reproductive Medicine and the International IVF Initiative collaborated to seek and formulate practical recommendations for sustainability in IVF laboratories. An international panel of experts, enthusiasts and professionals in reproductive medicine, environmental science, architecture, biorepository and law convened to discuss the topics of importance to sustainability. Recommendations were issued on how to build a culture of sustainability in the workplace, implement green design and building, use life cycle analysis to determine the environmental impact, manage cryostorage more sustainably, and understand and manage laboratory waste with prevention as a primary goal. The panel explored whether the industry supporting IVF is sustainable. An example is provided to illustrate the application of green principles to an IVF laboratory through a certification programme. The UK legislative landscape surrounding sustainability is also discussed and a few recommendations on 'Green Conferencing' are offered.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"48","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproductive biomedicine online"}}},"pageStart":"103600","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbmo.2023.103600","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.rbmo.2023.103600"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38039562"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/acgme-program-requirements-for-graduate-medical-education-in-reproductive-endocr-akbf8qx4/","name":"ACGME program requirements for graduate medical education in reproductive endocrinology and infertility","headline":"ACGME program requirements for graduate medical education in reproductive endocrinology and infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/acgme-program-requirements-for-graduate-medical-education-in-reproductive-endocr-akbf8qx4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education"}],"datePublished":"2024-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/updates-to-male-infertility-auaasrm-guideline-gv6vzwo6/","name":"Updates to male infertility: AUA/ASRM guideline","headline":"Updates to male infertility: AUA/ASRM guideline","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/updates-to-male-infertility-auaasrm-guideline-gv6vzwo6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"American Urological Association and American Society for Reproductive Medicine"}],"datePublished":"2024-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Urology"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000004180","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/JU.0000000000004180"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39145501"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dermal-exposure-to-alkylphenol-ethoxylates-in-aspurchased-garments-human-health--skrweanq/","name":"Dermal Exposure to Alkylphenol Ethoxylates in As-Purchased Garments: Human Health Risk Assessment","headline":"Dermal Exposure to Alkylphenol Ethoxylates in As-Purchased Garments: Human Health Risk Assessment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dermal-exposure-to-alkylphenol-ethoxylates-in-aspurchased-garments-human-health--skrweanq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhifeng Guo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6890-2519","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Open Data Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02hr72y72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yimin Cheng","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nanchang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042v6xz23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhu L"}],"datePublished":"2024-01-01","abstract":"Textile production involves using various chemicals that may remain in clothing and pose health risks. Alkylphenol ethoxylates are non-ionic surfactants which may be involved in various textile printing and dyeing auxiliaries due to their excellent emulsification, wetting and decontamination abilities. This study aimed to determine the dermal exposure doses and health risks of alkylphenol ethoxylates in 10 unwashed textile samples for infants, toddlers and pregnant women. The concentrations of alkylphenol ethoxylates and alkylphenols (APs) were determined by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The total concentrations of alkylphenol ethoxylates (nonylphenol ethoxylates and octylphenol ethoxylates) in 10 textile samples were 113.21–1431.18 mg/kg, among which nonylphenol ethoxylates with ethoxy groups of 2–10 were the dominant chemicals. The highest dermal exposure dose was found in the toddler group, which was 1.27 and 4.14 times higher than those in the infant and pregnant women groups. When the maximum concentration was used for risk assessment based on tolerable daily intake, the hazard indices ( HI) for toddlers and infants were estimated to be 10.62 and 8.37, which may pose a higher risk to human health. Our assessment was specifically focused on new garments before washing. The garments containing alkylphenol ethoxylates can be washed to significantly reduce the exposure risk. The results of our study offer important information on human exposure to alkylphenol ethoxylates in textiles and clothing and provide a scientific basis for planning risk management measures for alkylphenol ethoxylates.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"AATCC Journal of Research"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1177/24723444241275987","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/24723444241275987"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reparative-and-constructive-surgery-of-the-female-genital-tract-recpzx9ic6cfsfuwl/","name":"Reparative and Constructive Surgery of the Female Genital Tract","headline":"Reparative and Constructive Surgery of the Female Genital Tract","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reparative-and-constructive-surgery-of-the-female-genital-tract-recpzx9ic6cfsfuwl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Shimeng Liu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4369-4589","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yue Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4745-8038","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xing Ma","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2498-6498","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhengzhou University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04ypx8c21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chenglin Zhan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jilin Agricultural University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dmhhd41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ning Ding","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9195-0615","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jilin Agricultural University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dmhhd41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Min Shi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Pathology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhang, De Wei","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8369-9264"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shubao Yang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8227-5934","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jilin Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mzw7781"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H W JONES","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jones Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01g73y611"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J A Rock","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9970-8417","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}}],"datePublished":"2024-01-01","pageStart":"2305","pageEnd":"2319","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-gut-microbiota-and-menstrual-disorders-a-twosample-mendelian-tfxx17sc/","name":"Association between gut microbiota and menstrual disorders: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study","headline":"Association between gut microbiota and menstrual disorders: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-gut-microbiota-and-menstrual-disorders-a-twosample-mendelian-tfxx17sc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yin Yao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4108-5844","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wuhan Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01f0rgv52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hu H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lihui Chen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04kx2sy84"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hou-Feng Zheng","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4275-4955","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"}}],"datePublished":"2024-01-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Evidence from observational studies and clinical trials suggests that the gut microbiota is associated with gynecological diseases. However, the causal relationship between gut microbiota and menstrual disorders remains to be determined.\n\nMETHODS: We obtained summary data of gut microbiota from the global consortium MiBio-Gen's genome-wide association study (GWAS) dataset and data on menstrual disorders from the IEU Open GWAS project. MR-Egger, weighted median, inverse variance weighted, simple mode, and weighted mode were used to examine the causal association between gut microbiota and menstrual disorders. Thorough sensitivity studies were performed to confirm the data's horizontal pleiotropy, heterogeneity, and robustness.\n\nRESULTS: Through MR analysis of 119 kinds of gut microbiota and 4 kinds of clinical phenotypes, it was discovered that 23 different kinds of gut microbiota were loosely connected to menstrual disorders. After FDR correction, the results showed that only Escherichia/Shigella (p = 0.00032, PFDR = 0.0382, OR = 1.004, 95%CI = 1.002-1.006) is related to menstrual disorders.\n\nCONCLUSION: According to our MR Analysis, there are indications of a causal relationship between menstrual disorders and gut microbiota. This finding could lead to new discoveries into the mechanisms behind menstrual disorders and clinical research involving the microbiota.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in microbiology"}},"pageStart":"1321268","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1321268","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1321268"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38516009"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/disclosure-of-medical-errors-involving-gametes-and-embryos-an-ethics-committee-o-u0hj9y4t/","name":"Disclosure of medical errors involving gametes and embryos: an Ethics Committee opinion","headline":"Disclosure of medical errors involving gametes and embryos: an Ethics Committee opinion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/disclosure-of-medical-errors-involving-gametes-and-embryos-an-ethics-committee-o-u0hj9y4t/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Daar J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Benward J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Collins L"}],"datePublished":"2024-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.06.006","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.06.006"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39046386"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-national-summary-report-2022-vqnwqzkn/","name":"Assisted Reproductive Technology National Summary Report 2022","headline":"Assisted Reproductive Technology National Summary Report 2022","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-national-summary-report-2022-vqnwqzkn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention"}],"datePublished":"2024-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"US Department of Health and Human Services"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-menstrual-disorders-and-dysmenorrhea-on-cardiovascular-disease-a-mend-wnfduxpu/","name":"Effects of menstrual disorders and dysmenorrhea on cardiovascular disease: a Mendelian randomization study","headline":"Effects of menstrual disorders and dysmenorrhea on cardiovascular disease: a Mendelian randomization study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-menstrual-disorders-and-dysmenorrhea-on-cardiovascular-disease-a-mend-wnfduxpu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lai S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jin Q","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5210-7809"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D. Wang","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sichuan Cancer Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/029wq9x81"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tin-Chiu Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9658-3836","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Sheffield, United Kingdom."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xi Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9885-356X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Northwestern University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/000e0be47"}}],"datePublished":"2024-01-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Observational studies have demonstrated associations between menstrual disorders, dysmenorrhea, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, it remains unclear whether these associations are causal. This study is to investigate whether menstrual disorders and dysmenorrhea causally affect the risk of CVD.\n\nMETHODS: The summary data for menstrual disorders (excessive menstruation and irregular menses) and dysmenorrhea were obtained from FinnGen study, summary data for CVD were obtained from UK Biobank and meta-analysis. The inverse-variance-weighted method was mainly used in the Mendelian randomization for causality analysis. Sensitivity analyses were performed by several methods under different model assumptions.\n\nRESULTS: Genetic liability to excessive menstruation was associated with higher risk of atrial fibrillation (odds ratio (OR), 1.078 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.015-1.145]; P=0.014), but a lower risk of hypertension (OR, 0.994 [95% CI: 0.989-0.999]; P=0.016). Irregular menses was associated with higher risk of atrial fibrillation (OR, 1.095 [95% CI: 1.015-1.182]; P=0.02), hypertension (OR, 1.007 [95% CI: 1.000-1.013]; P=0.047), myocardial infarction (OR, 1.172 [95% CI: 1.060-1.295]; P=0.02), ischemic heart disease, (OR, 1.005 [95% CI: 1.000-1.010]; P=0.037) and coronary heart disease (OR, 1.004 [95% CI: 1.001-1.008]; P=0.026). Dysmenorrhea was associated with higher risk of atrial fibrillation (OR, 1.052 [95% CI: 1.014-1.092]; P=0.008) and Ischemic stroke (cardioembolic) (OR, 1.122 [95% CI: 1.002-1.257]; P=0.046). After Benjamini-Hochberg correction, irregular menses was associated with higher risk of myocardial infarction.\n\nCONCLUSION: We confirmed a causal relationship of excessive menstruation, irregular menses and dysmenorrhea on cardiovascular outcomes independent of sex hormone levels, with an emphasis on the link between irregular menses and myocardial infarction. These clinical features can be utilized as markers to identify women at higher risk of developing CVD in the future, recommending early clinical intervention of menstrual diseases.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in endocrinology"}},"pageStart":"1302312","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2024.1302312","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128629435"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fendo.2024.1302312"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38375191"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q128629435"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/photobiomodulation-therapy-at-632-nm-wavelength-ameliorates-intrauterine-adhesio-recmfvseztzezubul/","name":"Photobiomodulation therapy at 632 nm wavelength ameliorates intrauterine adhesion via activation of cAMP/PKA/CREB pathway","headline":"Photobiomodulation therapy at 632 nm wavelength ameliorates intrauterine adhesion via activation of cAMP/PKA/CREB pathway","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/photobiomodulation-therapy-at-632-nm-wavelength-ameliorates-intrauterine-adhesio-recmfvseztzezubul/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hou-Feng Zheng","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4275-4955","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Caixia Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1534-5135","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059cjpv64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shan Wu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6463-1790","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qing Pei","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9704-5923","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Min Yao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0080-4722","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"}}],"datePublished":"2024-01-01","abstract":"Intrauterine adhesion (IUA), a major cause of uterine infertility, is pathologically characterized by endometrial fibrosis. Current treatments for IUA have poor efficacy with high recurrence rate, and restoring uterine functions is difficult. We aimed to determine the therapeutic efficacy of photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy on IUA and elucidate its underlying mechanisms. A rat IUA model was established via mechanical injury, and PBM was applied intrauterinely. The uterine structure and function were evaluated using ultrasonography, histology, and fertility tests. PBM therapy induced a thicker, more intact, and less fibrotic endometrium. PBM also partly recovered endometrial receptivity and fertility in IUA rats. A cellular fibrosis model was then established with human endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) cultured in the presence of TGF‐β1. PBM alleviated TGF‐β1‐induced fibrosis and triggered cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling in ESCs. Pretreatment with the inhibitors targeting this pathway weakened PBM's protective efficacy in the IUA rats and ESCs. Therefore, we conclude that PBM improved endometrial fibrosis and fertility via activating cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling in IUA uterus. This study sheds more lights on the efficacy of PBM as a potential treatment for IUA.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"100","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology"}}},"pageStart":"214","pageEnd":"224","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1111/php.13813","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/php.13813"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37212452"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pcos-stratification-for-precision-diagnostics-and-treatment-recciwc3y1xjzs3q6/","name":"PCOS stratification for precision diagnostics and treatment","headline":"PCOS stratification for precision diagnostics and treatment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pcos-stratification-for-precision-diagnostics-and-treatment-recciwc3y1xjzs3q6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Anagha Joshi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8444-8210","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bergen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03zga2b32"}}],"datePublished":"2024-01-01","abstract":"Globally, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) affects approximately 10% of fertile women, leading to great health and economic burden. PCOS is a heterogenous illness that can cause infertility, irregular menstrual cycles, acne, and hirsutism, among other symptoms. The clinical diagnosis is primarily a diagnosis of exclusion if one or more of the three primary symptoms, namely, oligo- or anovulation, hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovarian morphology, are present. Obesity and PCOS are often coexisting disorders that may be bidirectionally causally related. Phenotypic heterogeneity throughout the reproductive lifespan, such as the overlap of PCOS symptoms with regular fluctuations in a woman’s menstrual cycle and metabolism during the menarche and menopausal transition, further complicates diagnosis. PCOS etiology is mostly unknown and complex, likely due to the fact that it is a group of disorders with overlapping metabolic and reproductive problems. Evidence-based, common, standardized guidelines for PCOS diagnosis and treatment are urgently needed. Genomics and clinical data from populations across diverse ages and ethnicities are urgently needed to build efficient machine learning models for the stratification of PCOS. PCOS subtype-specific strategies for early screening, an accurate diagnosis, and management throughout life will optimize healthcare resources and reduce unnecessary testing. This will pave the way for women to be able to take the best possible care of their own health using the latest clinical expertise combined with their unique needs and preferences.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology"}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2024.1358755","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fcell.2024.1358755"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38389707"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-contraceptive-use-is-associated-with-differences-in-womens-inflammatory-z3aadaej/","name":"Hormonal contraceptive use is associated with differences in women's inflammatory and psychological reactivity to an acute social stressor","headline":"Hormonal contraceptive use is associated with differences in women's inflammatory and psychological reactivity to an acute social stressor","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-contraceptive-use-is-associated-with-differences-in-womens-inflammatory-z3aadaej/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mengelkoch S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gassen J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Slavich GM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hill SE"}],"datePublished":"2024-01-01","abstract":"Women using hormonal contraceptives (HCs) exhibit numerous signs of chronic inflammation, including elevated C-reactive protein levels and greater risk of developing mood and autoimmune disorders. However, users and non-users of HCs often have similar circulating proinflammatory cytokine levels, making the mechanism of association unclear. One possible explanation for this paradox is that HC users exhibit differences in their inflammatory responses to psychosocial stress that, over time, could contribute to chronic inflammation and its pathologies. Here, we tested this possibility by examining women's glucocorticoid, inflammatory, and psychological responses to the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) in 67 naturally cycling (NC) and 60 oral HC-using women (Mage = 19.31, SDage = 1.95). As hypothesized, HC users and NC women exhibited different glucocorticoid and proinflammatory cytokine responses to the TSST. For NC women, TSST-induced increases in glucocorticoids were uncommon, and increases in glucocorticoids were accompanied by elevations in IL-6. In contrast, for women using HCs, increases in glucocorticoids in response to the TSST were common, and increases in glucocorticoids were accompanied by increases in TNF-α. HC users and NC women also differed in their psychological responses to the TSST, with HC users reporting elevated stress levels compared to NC women. Together, these results suggest that HC use impacts women's glucocorticoid, inflammatory, and psychological responses to psychosocial stress, potentially contributing to observed differences in these women's mental and physical health.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"115","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Brain, behavior, and immunity"}},"pageStart":"747","pageEnd":"757","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2023.10.033","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.bbi.2023.10.033"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37914104"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/new-insights-about-endometriosisassociated-ovarian-cancer-pathogenesis-risk-fact-zdm0uv1s/","name":"New insights about endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer: pathogenesis, risk factors, prediction and diagnosis and treatment","headline":"New insights about endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer: pathogenesis, risk factors, prediction and diagnosis and treatment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/new-insights-about-endometriosisassociated-ovarian-cancer-pathogenesis-risk-fact-zdm0uv1s/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bixia Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0074-8265","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Limin Zhao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5279-7048","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Queensland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00rqy9422"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rui Yang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8423-8707","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01mv9t934"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xu T"}],"datePublished":"2024-01-01","abstract":"Previous studies have shown that the risk of malignant transformation of endometriosis in premenopausal women is approximately 1%, significantly impacting the overall well-being and quality of life of affected women. Presently, the diagnostic gold standard for endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer (EAOC) continues to be invasive laparoscopy followed by histological examination. However, the application of this technique is limited due to its high cost, highlighting the importance of identifying a non-invasive diagnostic approach. Therefore, there is a critical need to explore non-invasive diagnostic methods to improve diagnostic precision and optimize clinical outcomes for patients. This review presents a comprehensive survey of the current progress in comprehending the pathogenesis of malignant transformation in endometriosis. Furthermore, it examines the most recent research discoveries concerning the diagnosis of EAOC and emphasizes potential targets for therapeutic intervention. The ultimate objective is to improve prevention, early detection, precise diagnosis, and treatment approaches, thereby optimizing the clinical outcomes for patients.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in oncology"}},"pageStart":"1329133","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2024.1329133","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128309407"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fonc.2024.1329133"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38384812"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q128309407"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-in-japan-a-summary-report-for-2022-by-the-ethic-alupiypr/","name":"Assisted reproductive technology in Japan: A summary report for 2022 by the Ethics Committee of the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology","headline":"Assisted reproductive technology in Japan: A summary report for 2022 by the Ethics Committee of the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-in-japan-a-summary-report-for-2022-by-the-ethic-alupiypr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Katagiri Y"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jwa SC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kuwahara A et al"}],"datePublished":"2024-01-01","abstract":"Annual summary report on assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycles performed in Japan during 2022, published by the Ethics Committee of the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology (JSOG). Reports per-cycle outcomes including pregnancy rates, live birth rates, and cycle volumes from JSOG-registered ART facilities. JSOG ART registry is mandatory for member clinics and represents one of the world's largest ART registries by cycle volume.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reprod Med Biol"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rmb2.12620","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/rmb2.12620"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39677328"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cartr-plus-2024-annual-report-2023-data-canadian-assisted-reproductive-technolog-bq1yj1dc/","name":"CARTR Plus 2024 Annual Report (2023 Data) - Canadian Assisted Reproductive Technologies Register","headline":"CARTR Plus 2024 Annual Report (2023 Data) - Canadian Assisted Reproductive Technologies Register","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cartr-plus-2024-annual-report-2023-data-canadian-assisted-reproductive-technolog-bq1yj1dc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Canadian Fertility and Andrology Society"},{"@type":"Person","name":"CARTR Plus"}],"datePublished":"2024-01-01","abstract":"CARTR Plus 2024 annual report covering Canadian ART activity for treatment cycles completed in 2023. Reports cycles performed, single-embryo transfer rates, clinical pregnancy and live-birth rates, ART-conceived births, and multiple-pregnancy rates from participating CFAS member ART centers.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Canadian Fertility and Andrology Society - CARTR Plus"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sensitization-to-textile-dyes-in-spain-epidemiological-situation-20192022-d3vbtaub/","name":"Sensitization to textile dyes in Spain: Epidemiological situation (2019-2022)","headline":"Sensitization to textile dyes in Spain: Epidemiological situation (2019-2022)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sensitization-to-textile-dyes-in-spain-epidemiological-situation-20192022-d3vbtaub/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hernández Fernández CP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Borrego L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Giménez Arnau AM"}],"datePublished":"2024-01-01","abstract":"AbstractBackgroundCurrent frequency and features for positivity to textile dye mix (TDM) in Spain are unknown.ObjectivesTo study the frequency, clinical features and simultaneous positivity between TDM, para‐phenylenediamine (PPD) and specific disperse dyes.Materials and MethodsWe analysed all consecutive patients patch‐tested with TDM from the Spanish Contact Dermatitis Registry (REIDAC), from 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2022. Within this group, we studied all selected patients patch‐tested with a textile dye series.ResultsOut of 6128 patients analysed, 3.3% were positive to the TDM and in 34% of them, the sensitization was considered currently relevant. TDM positivity was associated with working as a hairdresser/beautician and scalp, neck/trunk and arm/forearm dermatitis. From TDM‐positive patients, 57% were positive to PPD. One hundred and sixty‐four patients were patch‐tested with the textile dye series. Disperse Orange 3 was the most frequent positive dye (16%). One of every six cases positive to any dye from the textile dye series would have been missed if patch‐tested with the TDM alone.ConclusionsPositivity to TDM is common in Spain and often associated with PPD sensitization. TDM is a valuable marker of disperse dyes allergy that should be part of the Spanish and European standard series.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contact Dermatitis"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cod.14513","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/cod.14513"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-long-and-short-ejaculatory-abstinence-on-sperm-parameters-a-metaanaly-d5vny7rf/","name":"Effects of long and short ejaculatory abstinence on sperm parameters: a meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials","headline":"Effects of long and short ejaculatory abstinence on sperm parameters: a meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-long-and-short-ejaculatory-abstinence-on-sperm-parameters-a-metaanaly-d5vny7rf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lo Giudice A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Asmundo MG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cimino S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cocci A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0138-6294"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Falcone M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Capece M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Abdelhameed AS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Capogrosso P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Morgado A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tsampoukas G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Manfredi C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Russo GI","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-7353"}],"datePublished":"2024-01-01","abstract":"PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the effects of ejaculatory abstinence on sperm parameters. METHODS: Thirteen studies published between 2013 and 2022 were included in this meta-analysis. 2,315 patients enrolled. Longer abstinence associated with greater sperm concentration, sperm volume, and higher sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF), but lower progressive sperm motility. CONCLUSIONS: Short ejaculatory abstinence is associated with better sperm quality with higher progressive sperm motility and lower SDF.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in endocrinology"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2024.1373426","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fendo.2024.1373426"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38828413"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/serum-zinc-levels-in-women-with-polycystic-ovarian-syndrome-are-lower-as-compare-f1ycbx7w/","name":"Serum Zinc Levels in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome are Lower as Compared to Those without Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Cohort Study","headline":"Serum Zinc Levels in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome are Lower as Compared to Those without Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Cohort Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/serum-zinc-levels-in-women-with-polycystic-ovarian-syndrome-are-lower-as-compare-f1ycbx7w/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Dhar S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7444-3873"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yadav R","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3501-3771"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tomar A"}],"datePublished":"2024-01-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Zinc is an essential micronutrient, a vital stabiliser and a cofactor in many enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and phospholipase C and also acts as an antioxidant by protecting the sulfhydryl groups of different proteins and enzymes against free radicals. It is unclear if serum zinc levels are correlated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and its pathophysiology, although relation between diabetes and insulin resistance has been established.\n\nAIMS: This study aimed to investigate circulating serum zinc levels in PCOS subjects compared with non-PCOS subjects.\n\nSETTINGS AND DESIGN: In this cohort study, PCOS subjects were compared with normal subjects aged between 18 and 35.\n\nMATERIALS AND METHODS: All the included subjects underwent measurement of anthropometric parameters, fasting insulin, luteinising hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, prolactin, progesterone, oestrogen and serum zinc levels. These values were taken on days 2-5 of the menstrual cycle.\n\nSTATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Univariate analysis and linear regression were performed for serum zinc levels and fasting insulin levels in PCOS subjects and non-PCOS subjects using SPSS (version 21) and Microsoft Excel (2019).\n\nRESULTS: Serum zinc levels in the PCOS group were lower than in the control group (P = 0.012). Fasting insulin levels in the PCOS group were higher than in non-PCOS subjects (P = 0.001). We found a negative correlation between zinc and fasting insulin (r = -0.580, P < 0.0001) in the normal group and (r = -0.332, P = 0.019) in the PCOS group. A positive correlation was found between body mass index (BMI) and fasting insulin levels in both the PCOS group (r = 0.227, P = 0.112) and normals (r = 0.612, P < 0.0001). A negative statistically significant correlation between BMI and zinc in both the PCOS group (r = -0.378, P = 0.007) and the non-PCOS group (r = -0.7452, P < 0.0001) was seen.\n\nCONCLUSION: The data suggest that serum zinc levels were found to be lower in PCOS subjects as compared to normal controls and evaluation of these levels may indicate that zinc has a vital role in PCOS pathophysiology.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of human reproductive sciences"}}},"pageStart":"25","pageEnd":"32","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jhrs.jhrs_8_24","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4103/jhrs.jhrs_8_24"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38665613"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-in-japan-a-summary-report-for-2021-by-the-ethic-i3nmsvg9/","name":"Assisted reproductive technology in Japan: A summary report for 2021 by the Ethics Committee of the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology","headline":"Assisted reproductive technology in Japan: A summary report for 2021 by the Ethics Committee of the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-in-japan-a-summary-report-for-2021-by-the-ethic-i3nmsvg9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Katagiri Y"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jwa SC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kuwahara A et al"}],"datePublished":"2024-01-01","abstract":"Annual summary report on assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycles performed in Japan during 2021, published by the Ethics Committee of the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology (JSOG). Reports per-cycle outcomes from JSOG-registered ART facilities.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reprod Med Biol"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rmb2.12552","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/rmb2.12552"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38163009"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-environmental-factors-on-seminal-microbiome-and-impact-on-sperm-qualit-kpk6cnoo/","name":"Effect of environmental factors on seminal microbiome and impact on sperm quality","headline":"Effect of environmental factors on seminal microbiome and impact on sperm quality","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-environmental-factors-on-seminal-microbiome-and-impact-on-sperm-qualit-kpk6cnoo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Neto FTL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Viana MC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cariati F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Conforti A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alviggi C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sandro C Esteves","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1313-9680","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04wffgt70"}}],"datePublished":"2024-01-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: This review provides a comprehensive overview of the existing research on the seminal microbiome and its association with male infertility, while also highlighting areas that warrant further investigation.\n\nMETHODS: A narrative review was conducted, encompassing all relevant studies published between 1980-2023 on the male reproductive tract microbiome in humans. This review considered studies utilizing culture-based, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based, and next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based methodologies to analyze the microbiome. Data extraction encompassed sample types (semen or testicular tissue), study designs, participant characteristics, employed techniques, and critical findings.\n\nRESULTS: We included 37 studies comprising 9,310 participants. Among these, 16 studies used culture-based methods, 16 utilized NGS, and five employed a combination of methods for microorganism identification. Notably, none of the studies assessed fungi or viruses. All NGS-based studies identified the presence of bacteria in all semen samples. Two notable characteristics of the seminal microbiome were observed: substantial variability in species composition among individuals and the formation of microbial communities with a dominant species. Studies examining the testicular microbiome revealed that the testicular compartment is not sterile. Interestingly, sexually active couples shared 56% of predominant genera, and among couples with positive cultures in both partners, 61% of them shared at least one genital pathogen. In couples with infertility of known causes, there was an overlap in bacterial composition between the seminal and vaginal microbiomes, featuring an increased prevalence of Staphylococcus and Streptococcus genera. Furthermore, the seminal microbiome had discernible effects on reproductive outcomes. However, bacteria in IVF culture media did not seem to impact pregnancy rates.\n\nCONCLUSION: Existing literature underscores that various genera of bacteria colonize the male reproductive tract. These organisms do not exist independently; instead, they play a pivotal role in regulating functions and maintaining hemostasis. Future research should prioritize longitudinal and prospective studies and investigations into the influence of infertility causes and commonly prescribed medication to enhance our understanding of the seminal microbiota's role in reproductive health.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in endocrinology"}},"pageStart":"1348186","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2024.1348186","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fendo.2024.1348186"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38455659"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recurrent-miscarriage-and-rrm-with-neofertility-rcog-guidelines-review-and-case--m99dfn1n/","name":"Recurrent Miscarriage and RRM with NeoFertility: RCOG Guidelines Review and Case Report","headline":"Recurrent Miscarriage and RRM with NeoFertility: RCOG Guidelines Review and Case Report","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recurrent-miscarriage-and-rrm-with-neofertility-rcog-guidelines-review-and-case--m99dfn1n/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Phil C Boyle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2555-6294","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NeoFertility Clinic, Suite 7, 1st Floor, Beacon Mall, Sandyford, Dublin 18, Ireland. Phil.Boyle@NeoFertility.ie."}}],"datePublished":"2024-01-01","abstract":"Presentation covering three topics: (1) Review of RCOG Green-top Guideline No. 17 on Recurrent Miscarriage (Regan et al., BJOG 2023), (2) Key concepts of Restorative Reproductive Medicine with NeoFertility for recurrent miscarriage, and (3) An RRM case report demonstrating the NeoFertility multifactorial approach to recurrent pregnancy loss.","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/bisphenols-in-daily-clothes-from-conventional-and-recycled-material-evaluation-o-mwdfxyru/","name":"Bisphenols in daily clothes from conventional and recycled material: evaluation of dermal exposure to potentially toxic substances","headline":"Bisphenols in daily clothes from conventional and recycled material: evaluation of dermal exposure to potentially toxic substances","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/bisphenols-in-daily-clothes-from-conventional-and-recycled-material-evaluation-o-mwdfxyru/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jurikova M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dvorakova D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bechynska K"}],"datePublished":"2024-01-01","abstract":"AbstractGiven the increasing concern about chemical exposure from textiles, our study examines the risks of dermal exposure to bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol S (BPS), bisphenol B (BPB) and bisphenol F (BPF) from conventional and recycled textiles for adults, aiming to obtain new data, assess exposure, and evaluate the impact of washing on bisphenol levels. A total of 57 textile samples (33 from recycled and 24 from conventional material) were subjected to ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) followed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry analysis (UHPLC-MS/MS). The BPA and BPS concentrations varied widely (BPA: &lt; 0.050 to 625 ng/g, BPS: 0.277–2,474 ng/g). The median BPA content in recycled textiles (13.5 ng/g) was almost twice as high as that of 7.66 ng/g in conventional textiles. BPS showed a median of 1.85 ng/g in recycled textiles and 3.42 ng/g in conventional textiles, indicating a shift from BPA to BPS in manufacturing practices. Simulated laundry experiments showed an overall reduction in bisphenols concentrations after washing. The study also assessed potential health implications via dermal exposure to dry and sweat-wet textiles compared to a tolerable daily intake (TDI) of 0.2 ng/kg bw/day for BPA set by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Exposure from dry textiles remained below this threshold, while exposure from wet textiles often exceeded it, indicating an increased risk under conditions that simulate sweating or humidity. By finding the widespread presence of bisphenols in textiles, our study emphasises the importance of being aware of the potential risks associated with recycling materials as well as the benefits.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environ Sci Pollut Res Int"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-34904-4","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s11356-024-34904-4"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/rapport-annuel-damp-vigilance-2023-ozpjgqef/","name":"Rapport annuel d'AMP Vigilance 2023","headline":"Rapport annuel d'AMP Vigilance 2023","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/rapport-annuel-damp-vigilance-2023-ozpjgqef/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Agence de la biomédecine"}],"datePublished":"2024-01-01","abstract":"Rapport annuel d'AMP Vigilance 2023 de l'Agence de la biomédecine. ENGLISH SUMMARY: 2023 ART vigilance report from the French Agence de la biomédecine. AMP Vigilance is the mandatory adverse-event surveillance system covering serious adverse events and reactions related to assisted reproduction practice in France. Reports cycle counts, vigilance signals, and incident classifications across French ART centers.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Agence de la biomédecine - AMP Vigilance"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/physicians-need-education-about-fertility-awareness-based-methods-recm6pbl2cgdftg3p/","name":"Physicians Need Education About Fertility Awareness-Based Methods","headline":"Physicians Need Education About Fertility Awareness-Based Methods","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/physicians-need-education-about-fertility-awareness-based-methods-recm6pbl2cgdftg3p/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ellen Algera","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1697-4144","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Amsterdam University Medical Centers","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05grdyy37"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peter Leusink","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0696-4228","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"IS practice","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03qyvqf30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Trudie Gerrits","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6810-8005","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00y2z2s03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jeannette Pols","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0157-2388","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Amsterdam University Medical Centers","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05grdyy37"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jan H. Ravesloot","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7683-5915","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Amsterdam University Medical Centers","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05grdyy37"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marguerite Duane","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duquesne University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02336z538"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2024-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"30","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Family Physician"}}},"pageStart":"2302435","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q129412880","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q129412880"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/eumar-stakeholder-engagement-an-analysis-of-medically-assisted-reproduction-mar--recq1cabfu7bssfjo/","name":"EuMAR stakeholder engagement: an analysis of medically assisted reproduction (MAR) data collection practices in EU countries†","headline":"EuMAR stakeholder engagement: an analysis of medically assisted reproduction (MAR) data collection practices in EU countries†","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/eumar-stakeholder-engagement-an-analysis-of-medically-assisted-reproduction-mar--recq1cabfu7bssfjo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Achótegui Sebastián E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas Ebner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1717-1490","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kepler Universitätsklinikum","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02h3bfj85"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ioana Rugescu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1104-6269","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Romanian Space Agency","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05r48bj28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Smeenk","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3053-0358","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00q6h8f30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas Strowitzki","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7024-855X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Heidelberg University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/038t36y30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mocanu EV"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine Wyns","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6581-5003","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03s4khd80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elena Achótegui Sebastián","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0299-9001","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"ESHRE, Central Office , Strombeek-Bever,","sameAs":"https://ror.org/028sbah75"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carlos Calhaz-Jorge","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2941-113X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nuffield Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01w2zd907"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christian De Geyter","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0889-6310","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Basel","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02s6k3f65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Veerle Goossens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9342-2143","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/028sbah75"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Cristina Magli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2889-8479","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Reproductive Medicine Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03awv1y89"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Edgar Mocanu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3094-4892","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01hxy9878"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anja Pinborg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8340-104X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hvidovre Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00edrn755"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carlos E Plancha","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1112-6632","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute of Histology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon , Lisbon,","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01c27hj86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nikolaos P Polyzos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6161-0011","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ghent University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cv9y106"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laura Rossignoli","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/028sbah75"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Johanna Tassot","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0883-7372","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/028sbah75"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nathalie Vermeulen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8046-6799","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/028sbah75"}}],"datePublished":"2024-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deae209","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/deae209"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"39276145"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/combined-estrogen-progestogen-contraceptives-and-combined-estrogen-progestogen-m-recul2v0tq71edyys/","name":"Combined estrogen-progestogen contraceptives and combined estrogen-progestogen menopausal therapy","headline":"Combined estrogen-progestogen contraceptives and combined estrogen-progestogen menopausal therapy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/combined-estrogen-progestogen-contraceptives-and-combined-estrogen-progestogen-m-recul2v0tq71edyys/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Federica Turati","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5841-5773"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Giulia Collatuzzo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2309-7365"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Matteo Di Maso","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6481-990X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Milan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wjc7c48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Negri","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9712-8526"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Giovanna Esposito","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7894-4456","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Milan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wjc7c48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gianfranco Alicandro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0430-2714","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Milan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wjc7c48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Matteo Malvezzi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9110-3923","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Parma","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02k7wn190"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudio Pelucchi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1425-8945","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Milan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wjc7c48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paolo Boffetta","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3811-2791","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre International de Recherche sur le Cancer","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00v452281"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C La Vecchia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1441-897X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05aspc753"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Parazzini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5624-4854","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05aspc753"}}],"datePublished":"2024-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"301","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans"}},"pageStart":"49","pageEnd":"54","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18756632"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/identifying-and-addressing-data-analytic-challenges-in-studies-of-ivf-and-art-rechlr5ylxlzdnfvz/","name":"Identifying and Addressing Data-Analytic Challenges in Studies of IVF and ART","headline":"Identifying and Addressing Data-Analytic Challenges in Studies of IVF and ART","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/identifying-and-addressing-data-analytic-challenges-in-studies-of-ivf-and-art-rechlr5ylxlzdnfvz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Amelia M. Schaub","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pammg90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tania L. Gonzalez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3825-8544"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna E. Dorfman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pammg90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Allynson G. Novoa","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rimsha A. Hussaini","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paige M. Harakuni","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pammg90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Muhammad Hamza Khan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8279-5430","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Karachi Medical and Dental College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02afbf040"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brandon J. Shabani","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pammg90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Akhila Swarna","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pammg90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Erica T. Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4750-8018","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pammg90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jessica L. Chan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9423-6027"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Williams J 3rd"},{"@type":"Person","name":"John Williams","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pammg90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Margareta D Pisarska","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1096-6506","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Los Angeles","sameAs":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60"}}],"datePublished":"2024-01-01","pageStart":"80","pageEnd":"94","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/exposure-assessment-and-risks-associated-with-wearing-silver-nanoparticlecoated--tvx2zaye/","name":"Exposure assessment and risks associated with wearing silver nanoparticle-coated textiles","headline":"Exposure assessment and risks associated with wearing silver nanoparticle-coated textiles","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/exposure-assessment-and-risks-associated-with-wearing-silver-nanoparticlecoated--tvx2zaye/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Koivisto AJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Burrueco-Subirà D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Candalija A"}],"datePublished":"2024-01-01","abstract":"Background Silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) are used increasingly in consumer and healthcare fabrics due to their antimicrobial properties. Abrasive leaching experiments have shown that AgNPs can be released during textile wear and cause a dermal exposure. Derived-no-effect-limit value for AgNPs ranges from 0.01 to 0.0375 mg/kg-body-weight, and thus, low exposures levels can cause relevant risk. Methods In this study AgNP release from textiles by artificial sweat immersion and mechanical stress was investigated. A mass balance model was used to calculate dermal Ag exposure and potential intake via percutaneous absorption and inadvertent (peri-)oral intake during wear of face mask, suit with a full body exposure and gloves. Mass flow analysis was performed for up to 8-h wear time and by using Ag penetration rate constants reported for fresh-, cryopreserved- and glycerolized skin grafts. Results Dermal intake risk characterization ratio (RCR) during 8-h wear time for glycerolized skin was up to 0.02 for face mask and 0.9 for full body wear in a worst-case condition. Wearing gloves for 1-h followed by single unintentional fingertip mouthing (contact area 11.5 cm\n                    2\n                    ) resulted in an RCR of 0.0002. RCR varied depending on the type of textile-product, exposure wear duration and skin type. Conclusions This study provides a comprehensive assessment of AgNPs release from textiles and their potential impact on human dermal exposure and was essential for understanding the safety implications for different exposure scenarios and mitigating potential risks.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Open Res Eur"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.17254.2","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.12688/openreseurope.17254.2"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2023-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2023-yulsqp0w/","name":"DIR Jahrbuch 2023 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2023)","headline":"DIR Jahrbuch 2023 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2023)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2023-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2023-yulsqp0w/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register e.V."}],"datePublished":"2024-01-01","abstract":"DIR Jahrbuch 2023 des Deutschen IVF-Registers. ENGLISH SUMMARY: 2023 Annual Report of the German IVF Registry (Deutsches IVF-Register, DIR). Reports German ART cycle counts, treatment indications, embryo-transfer outcomes, pregnancy and live-birth rates by treatment type and age strata.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/benefits-of-resistance-training-during-pregnancy-for-maternal-and-fetal-health-a-zjy5bdis/","name":"Benefits of Resistance Training During Pregnancy for Maternal and Fetal Health: A Brief Overview","headline":"Benefits of Resistance Training During Pregnancy for Maternal and Fetal Health: A Brief Overview","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/benefits-of-resistance-training-during-pregnancy-for-maternal-and-fetal-health-a-zjy5bdis/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Duchette C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Perera M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arnett S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emily White","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1281-3208","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Belcher E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tinius R"}],"datePublished":"2024-01-01","abstract":"Research demonstrates resistance training is not only safe but also beneficial for pregnant women. However, exercise recommendations for pregnant women still minimize the importance of resistance exercise and provide minimal guidance. With a large increase in strength-focused sports among women, it is critical to re-evaluate the risk/benefit ratio of these exercises and ensure the latest recommendations reflect the latest clinical research. The purpose of this review is to highlight the safety and benefits of resistance training for both maternal and fetal health, particularly focusing on recent work. Relevant research involving resistance training during pregnancy was accessed and analyzed via a quasi-systematic search. Results demonstrate that appropriate prenatal resistance training can help alleviate some of the common symptoms of pregnancy, such as fatigue, back pain, and poor mental health. Resistance exercise can assist with glucose control in gestational diabetes mellitus, as well as decrease the risk of infant macrosomia and childhood metabolic dysfunction associated with uncontrolled gestational diabetes. Resistance training can also increase the likelihood of a vaginal delivery, which is beneficial for both mother and baby. Concerning fetal health, resistance training increases uterine blood flow, decreases the risk of neonatal macrosomia, and improves cognitive function and metabolic health in childhood. As with all forms of exercise, pregnant women should avoid resistance exercises that involve the supine position for extended bouts of time, trauma (or risk of trauma) to the abdomen, ballistic movements, movements that rely heavily on balance, and conditions that prohibit appropriate temperature control. With these considerations in mind, resistance training's benefits far surpass the lack of risk to the fetus. Resistance training is a safe and effective way to improve and maintain physical fitness during pregnancy and represents no risk to fetal health and development. Thus, healthcare providers should recommend resistance training for pregnant women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International journal of women's health"}},"pageStart":"1137","pageEnd":"1147","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S462591","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2147/IJWH.S462591"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38912201"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/outcomes-of-fetal-lower-urinary-tract-obstruction-based-on-timing-of-oligohydram-recrniq8yyakz3x1d/","name":"Outcomes of fetal lower urinary tract obstruction based on timing of  oligohydramnios onset","headline":"Outcomes of fetal lower urinary tract obstruction based on timing of  oligohydramnios onset","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/outcomes-of-fetal-lower-urinary-tract-obstruction-based-on-timing-of-oligohydram-recrniq8yyakz3x1d/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarah Tounsi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7038-8616","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael A Belfort","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1179-7647","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cara Buskmiller","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1313-1192","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women’s Health, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roopali V Donepudi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0387-2755","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Texas Children's Fetal Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jessian L Munoz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3938-2267","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ahmed A Nassr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1924-7965","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Magdalena Sanz Cortes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0265-9859","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}}],"datePublished":"2023-12-22","abstract":"Objective: Fetal Lower Urinary Tract Obstruction (LUTO) is associated with oligohydramnios and significant fetal morbidity, resulting in poor lung development and perinatal death. However, oligohydramnios may develop at different gestational periods, and the impact of timing on fetal outcomes remains unknown. Our objective was to characterize the impact onset of oligohydramnios had on prenatal outcomes.\n\nMethods: This study is a retrospective cohort study of all patients with a prenatal diagnosis of LUTO at our tertiary referral center from 2014 to 2023. All patients underwent detailed ultrasonography and interdisciplinary counseling and were subsequently delivered at our institution. Data were obtained from electronic medical records and complete extraction was required for final inclusion.\n\nResults: During the study time period, 93 patients met inclusion criteria of which 68 (73.1%) developed oligohydramnios during their pregnancy. 63 (93%) of these pregnancies resulted in livebirths with 28 (41.1%) perinatal deaths. Onset of oligohydramnios was earlier in pregnancies with perinatal death (23 vs. 28 weeks, p = 0.004) and associated with pulmonary hypoplasia.\n\nConclusions: Our data show the impact of oligohydramnios timing in pregnancy on pulmonary hypoplasia and ultimately perinatal death. This allows for detailed patient counseling on the impact oligohydramnios may have on pregnancies by the gestational age of onset.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"44","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Prenatal Diagnosis"}}},"pageStart":"131","pageEnd":"137","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pd.6493","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/pd.6493"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38133549"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-impact-of-irregular-menstruation-on-health-a-review-of-the-literature-rec79bq17ru6ljjqa/","name":"The Impact of Irregular Menstruation on Health: A Review of the Literature","headline":"The Impact of Irregular Menstruation on Health: A Review of the Literature","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-impact-of-irregular-menstruation-on-health-a-review-of-the-literature-rec79bq17ru6ljjqa/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ohood A Alharbi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1567-9734","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mansoura University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01k8vtd75"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Reema M Aljohani","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Taibah University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01xv1nn60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ghalia M Attia","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mansoura University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01k8vtd75"}}],"datePublished":"2023-12-22","abstract":"Women are considered to have an irregular menstrual cycle if their cycle length is less than 21 days or more than 35 days, accompanied by less or very severe blood flow. The prevalence of menstrual cycle irregularities varies across countries. Irregular periods can occur due to changes in the body's levels of estrogen and progesterone hormones, which disrupt the normal pattern of the period. Menstrual irregularity has been found to be associated with various diseases and medical conditions, such as metabolic syndrome, coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and rheumatoid arthritis. Anemia, osteoporosis, psychological problems, impaired quality of life, and infertility have also been recorded. Moreover, a significant correlation between irregular periods and the risk of developing pregnancy-related hypertensive disorders, as well as an increased risk of adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes, has been proven. Therefore, irregular menstruation is considered an important health indicator among women. Physical, mental, social, psychological, and reproductive problems are often associated with menstrual irregularities. Thus, evaluating the factors associated with irregular menstruation is necessary to determine appropriate preventive and treatment strategies and to decrease the associated health problems. The aim of this review was to define normal and irregular menstruation, their types, and prevalence, to recognize the risk factors and causes of irregular menstruation, and to understand their impact on women's health.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cureus"}}},"pageStart":"e49146","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.49146","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.7759/cureus.49146"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38130524"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-after-expanded-polytetrafluoroethylene-use-after-endometrioma-cystecto-recxsbt197qgtu9qq/","name":"Fertility after expanded polytetrafluoroethylene use after endometrioma  cystectomy: a pilot study","headline":"Fertility after expanded polytetrafluoroethylene use after endometrioma  cystectomy: a pilot study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-after-expanded-polytetrafluoroethylene-use-after-endometrioma-cystecto-recxsbt197qgtu9qq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jeffrey A Gavard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0526-0314","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Melody S Su","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John Voltz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}}],"datePublished":"2023-12-11","abstract":"Introduction: Pregnancy rates after the placement of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE, trade name Gore-Tex®) for adhesion prevention following cystectomy of endometriomas ≥3 cm and excision of endometriosis were analyzed in this pilot study.\n\nMethods: A prospective cohort study was performed at a single tertiary care center. 56 women qualified for the study and underwent surgery. Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene placement around affected ovaries was self-selected. Inclusion criteria for analysis were pathology-confirmed endometrioma ≥3 cm, no hysterectomy at time of surgery, ≥1 year of postoperative survey completion, and absence of strategies to avoid pregnancy. 18 women in the ePTFE group and 11 women in the control group met inclusion criteria for analysis. 16 of the 18 women in the ePTFE group and 7 of the 11 women in the control group were affected by infertility. Absolute pregnancy rates and cumulative 4-year pregnancy rates, which are based on survival analysis using lifetables and adjust for varying follow-up times, were calculated for all women as well as for women with infertility only.\n\nResults: High cumulative 4-year pregnancy rates were observed for women with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene compared to women without (85% vs. 65%, p = 0.69). High cumulative 4-year pregnancy rates for women with infertility prior to surgery were observed for women with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene compared to women without (83% vs. 33%, p = 0.89).\n\nDISCUSSION: There are consistent trends, although not statistically significant, seen in pregnancy rates for women with ePTFE compared to women without, particularly in those with a history of infertility prior to ePTFE use. This is the first study examining how adhesion prevention strategy targeting the adnexa during surgery for endometriosis affects pregnancy rates. The trend towards increased pregnancy rates with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene use, particularly in patients with a history of infertility, is promising and warrants further study with larger groups.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Reproductive Health"}},"pageStart":"1231029","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frph.2023.1231029","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/frph.2023.1231029"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38076007"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/theres-no-time-limit-on-grief-womens-perspectives-on-a-novel-reproductive-grief--recp8nrg0zzaroblw/","name":"\"There's no time limit on grief:\" Women's perspectives on a novel reproductive  grief screening tool","headline":"\"There's no time limit on grief:\" Women's perspectives on a novel reproductive  grief screening tool","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/theres-no-time-limit-on-grief-womens-perspectives-on-a-novel-reproductive-grief--recp8nrg0zzaroblw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jennifer Bute","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7203-5585","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Communication, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI), Indianpolis, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria Brann","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9820-4145","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Indianapolis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052133d12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cara Buskmiller","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1313-1192","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women’s Health, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michaelene Fredenburg","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute of Reproductive Grief Care, San Diego, USA.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}}],"datePublished":"2023-12-11","abstract":"Objective: Women who have experienced reproductive loss (i.e., miscarriage, stillbirth, abortion) evaluated the usefulness of a novel screening tool, Reproductive Grief Screen (RGS), to identify patients struggling with ongoing, complicated grief.\n\nMethods: This mixed-methods study involved U.S. women who had experienced reproductive loss. Online data collection resulted in 27 interviews and 282 surveys completed. Perceptions of and preferences about RGS were thematically analyzed. Chi square analyses assessed relationships between demographics and tool preferences.\n\nResults: RGS validated women's experiences with grief after reproductive loss. Women noted their providers may be unaware of their loss(es). Participants requested periodic screening using RGS beginning shortly after a loss (or during new patient intake) and occurring regularly (e.g., annually). Overall, women preferred completing RGS online before an appointment, though preferences varied by demographics (i.e., age, time since loss). Participants want providers to compassionately discuss RGS results with them and offer appropriate resources.\n\nConclusion: The RGS can help identify largely ignored grief after reproductive loss. INNOVATION: Findings from group and individual interviews and a survey of women who have coped with reproductive loss suggest that use of a brief RGS tool could reshape clinical practice to aid women who might be facing complicated grief. Moreover, women expressed clear preferences for how to implement use of the RGS in clinical contexts.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"PEC Innovation"}},"pageStart":"100244","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecinn.2023.100244","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.pecinn.2023.100244"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38076488"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/unveiling-the-microfiber-release-footprint-guiding-control-strategies-in-the-tex-dzvtm8yz/","name":"Unveiling the Microfiber Release Footprint: Guiding Control Strategies in the Textile Production Industry","headline":"Unveiling the Microfiber Release Footprint: Guiding Control Strategies in the Textile Production Industry","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/unveiling-the-microfiber-release-footprint-guiding-control-strategies-in-the-tex-dzvtm8yz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3611-8855","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Umeå University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05kb8h459"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jiali Yang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3785-2472","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00p991c53"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zheng S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jia L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yong ZY"},{"@type":"Person","name":"E L Yong","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Edinburgh, UK."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"See HH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jingyi Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4874-2874","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wuhan Union Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0371fqr87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lv Y"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fei X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fang M"}],"datePublished":"2023-12-08","abstract":"Microplastic fibers from textiles have been known to significantly contribute to marine microplastic pollution. However, little is known about the microfiber formation and discharge during textile production. In this study, we have quantified microfiber emissions from one large and representative textile factory during different stages, spanning seven different materials, including cotton, polyester, and blended fabrics, to further guide control strategies. Wet-processing steps released up to 25 times more microfibers than home laundering, with dyeing contributing to 95.0% of the total emissions. Microfiber release could be reduced by using white coloring, a lower dyeing temperature, and a shorter dyeing duration. Thinner, denser yarns increased microfiber pollution, whereas using tightly twisted fibers mitigated release. Globally, wet textile processing potentially produced 6.4 kt of microfibers in 2020, with China, India, and the US as significant contributors. The study underlined the environmental impact of textile production and the need for mitigation strategies, particularly in dyeing processes and fiber choice. In addition, no significant difference was observed between the virgin polyesters and the used ones. Replacing virgin fibers with recycled fibers in polyester fabrics, due to their increasing consumption, might offer another potential solution. The findings highlighted the substantial impact of textile production on microfiber released into the environment, and optimization of material selection, knitting technologies, production processing, and recycled materials could be effective mitigation strategies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"57","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"50","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environmental Science &amp; Technology"}}},"pageStart":"21038","pageEnd":"21049","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.3c06210","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1021/acs.est.3c06210"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progestogen-hypersensitivity-dv1ofjsj/","name":"Progestogen Hypersensitivity","headline":"Progestogen Hypersensitivity","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progestogen-hypersensitivity-dv1ofjsj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Chiarella SE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Buchheit KM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Foer D"}],"datePublished":"2023-12-01","abstract":"Progestogen hypersensitivity (PH) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by diverse cutaneous manifestations, bronchospasm, and/or anaphylaxis. Possible triggers include ovarian progesterone and exogenous progestogens. The timing of symptoms is critical to diagnose PH: during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle for the endogenous form and after exposure to progestins for exogenous PH. Diagnostic modalities such as progesterone skin testing have low sensitivity and specificity for PH. When exogenous PH is suspected, the allergist should consider a progestogen challenge. Treatment strategies should be tailored for each patient, including symptom-directed therapies, ovulation suppression, and progesterone desensitization. Future studies should explore the mechanisms of PH, validation of diagnostic criteria, and standardization of treatment strategies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice"}}},"pageStart":"3606-3613.e2","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2023.07.050","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jaip.2023.07.050"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37579875"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancy-outcomes-after-uterussparing-operative-treatment-for-adenomyosis-a-sys-eaoz4ysw/","name":"Pregnancy Outcomes after Uterus-sparing Operative Treatment for Adenomyosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","headline":"Pregnancy Outcomes after Uterus-sparing Operative Treatment for Adenomyosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancy-outcomes-after-uterussparing-operative-treatment-for-adenomyosis-a-sys-eaoz4ysw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Fu K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xi Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9885-356X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Northwestern University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/000e0be47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiaobo Yang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5562-4134","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangxi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02c9qn167"}}],"datePublished":"2023-12-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"30","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1006","pageEnd":"1007","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2023.05.019","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jmig.2023.05.019"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/art-in-europe-2019-results-generated-from-european-registries-by-eshre-oxl4adso/","name":"ART in Europe, 2019: results generated from European registries by ESHRE","headline":"ART in Europe, 2019: results generated from European registries by ESHRE","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/art-in-europe-2019-results-generated-from-european-registries-by-eshre-oxl4adso/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J Smeenk","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3053-0358","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00q6h8f30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine Wyns","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6581-5003","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03s4khd80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christian De Geyter","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0889-6310","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Basel","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02s6k3f65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Bergh","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sahlgrenska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vgqjj36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cuevas Saiz I"},{"@type":"Person","name":"De Neubourg D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rezabek K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tandler-Schneider A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ioana Rugescu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1104-6269","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Romanian Space Agency","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05r48bj28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Goossens V; European IVF-monitoring Consortium (EIM); European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE)"}],"datePublished":"2023-12-01","abstract":"**STUDY QUESTION:** What are the data and trends on ART and IUI cycle numbers and their outcomes, and on fertility preservation (FP) interventions, reported in 2019 as compared to previous years?\n\n**SUMMARY ANSWER:** The 23rd ESHRE report highlights the rising ART treatment cycles and children born, alongside a decline in twin deliveries owing to decreasing multiple embryo transfers; fresh IVF or ICSI cycles exhibited higher delivery rates, whereas frozen embryo transfers (FET) showed higher pregnancy rates (PRs), and reported IUI cycles decreased while maintaining stable outcomes.\n\n**WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY:** ART aggregated data generated by national registries, clinics, or professional societies have been gathered and analyzed by the European IVF-Monitoring (EIM) Consortium since 1997 and reported in a total of 22 manuscripts published in *Human Reproduction* and *Human Reproduction Open*.\n\n**STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION:** Data on medically assisted reproduction (MAR) from European countries are collected by EIM for ESHRE each year. The data on treatment cycles performed between 1 January and 31 December 2019 were provided by either national registries or registries based on initiatives of medical associations and scientific organizations or committed persons in one of the 44 countries that are members of the EIM Consortium.\n\n**PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS:** Overall, 1487 clinics offering ART services in 40 countries reported, for the second time, a total of more than 1 million (1 077 813) treatment cycles, including 160 782 with IVF, 427 980 with ICSI, 335 744 with FET, 64 089 with preimplantation genetic testing (PGT), 82 373 with egg donation (ED), 546 with IVM of oocytes, and 6299 cycles with frozen oocyte replacement (FOR). A total of 1169 institutions reported data on IUI cycles using either husband/partner's semen (IUI-H; n = 147 711) or donor semen (IUI-D; n = 51 651) in 33 and 24 countries, respectively. Eighteen countries reported 24 139 interventions in pre- and post-pubertal patients for FP, including oocyte, ovarian tissue, semen, and testicular tissue banking.\n\n**MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE:** In 21 countries (21 in 2018) in which all ART clinics reported to the registry 476 760 treatment cycles were registered for a total population of approximately 300 million inhabitants, allowing the best estimate of a mean of 1581 cycles performed per million inhabitants (range: 437–3621). Among the reporting countries, for IVF the clinical PRs per aspiration slightly decreased while they remained similar per transfer compared to 2018 (21.8% and 34.6% versus 25.5% and 34.1%, respectively). In ICSI, the corresponding PRs showed similar trends compared to 2018 (20.2% and 33.5%, versus 22.5% and 32.1%) When freeze-all cycles were not considered for the calculations, the clinical PRs per aspiration were 28.5% (28.8% in 2018) and 26.2% (27.3% in 2018) for IVF and ICSI, respectively. After FET with embryos originating from own eggs, the PR per thawing was at 35.1% (versus 33.4% in 2018), and with embryos originating from donated eggs at 43.0% (41.8% in 2018). After ED, the PR per fresh embryo transfer was 50.5% (49.6% in 2018) and per FOR 44.8% (44.9% in 2018). In IVF and ICSI together, the trend toward the transfer of fewer embryos continues with the transfer of 1, 2, 3, and ≥4 embryos in 55.4%, 39.9%, 2.6%, and 0.2% of all treatments, respectively (corresponding to 50.7%, 45.1%, 3.9%, and 0.3% in 2018). This resulted in a reduced proportion of twin delivery rates (DRs) of 11.9% (12.4% in 2018) and a similar triplet DR of 0.3%. Treatments with FET in 2019 resulted in twin and triplet DR of 8.9% and 0.1%, respectively (versus 9.4% and 0.1% in 2018). After IUI, the DRs remained similar at 8.7% after IUI-H (8.8% in 2018) and at 12.1% after IUI-D (12.6% in 2018). Twin and triplet DRs after IUI-H were 8.7% and 0.4% (in 2018: 8.4% and 0.3%) and 6.2% and 0.2% after IUI-D (in 2018: 6.4% and 0.2%), respectively. Eighteen countries (16 in 2018) provided data on FP in a total number of 24 139 interventions (20 994 in 2018). Cryopreservation of ejaculated sperm (n = 11 592 versus n = 10 503 in 2018) and cryopreservation of oocytes (n = 10 784 versus n = 9123 in 2018) were most frequently reported.\n\n**LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION:** Caution with the interpretation of results should remain as data collection systems and completeness of reporting vary among European countries.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dead197","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/dead197"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37847771"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/raman-microspectroscopy-evidence-of-microplastics-in-human-semen-v8xqmuxx/","name":"Raman Microspectroscopy evidence of microplastics in human semen","headline":"Raman Microspectroscopy evidence of microplastics in human semen","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/raman-microspectroscopy-evidence-of-microplastics-in-human-semen-v8xqmuxx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Montano L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Giorgini E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Notarstefano V"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Notari T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ricciardi M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Piscopo M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Motta O"}],"datePublished":"2023-11-25","abstract":"The presence of microplastics (MPs) in human fluids and organs is a great concern, since, as highlighted by recent studies on animal models, they could cause alterations of several physiological functions, including reproduction. In this study, semen samples collected from men living in a polluted area of the Campania Region (Southern Italy), were analyzed to assess the presence of MPs. N. 16 pigmented microplastic fragments (ranging from 2 to 6 μm in size) with spheric or irregular shapes were found in six out of ten samples. All the detected MPs were characterized in terms of morphology (size, colour, and shape) and chemical composition by Raman Microspectroscopy. Chemical composition showed the presence of polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polystyrene (PS), polyvinylchloride (PVC), polycarbonate (PC), polyoxymethylene (POM) and acrylic, suggesting ingestion and/or inhalation as a route of exposure to environmental MPs. In this work, we propose for the first time a mechanism by which MPs pass into the semen most likely through the epididymis and seminal vesicles, which are the most susceptible to inflammation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"901","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Science of the total environment"}},"pageStart":"165922","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165922","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165922"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37532047"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/maternal-iron-and-vitamin-d-status-during-the-second-trimester-is-associated-wit-rec45n4brusobbksg/","name":"Maternal Iron and Vitamin D Status during the Second Trimester Is Associated with  Third Trimester Depression Symptoms among Pregnant Participants in the APrON  Cohort","headline":"Maternal Iron and Vitamin D Status during the Second Trimester Is Associated with  Third Trimester Depression Symptoms among Pregnant Participants in the APrON  Cohort","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/maternal-iron-and-vitamin-d-status-during-the-second-trimester-is-associated-wit-rec45n4brusobbksg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Anita L. Kozyrskyj","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2869-9242","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alberta","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elnaz Vaghef‐Mehrabany","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0890-2618","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Calgary","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yvonne Lamers","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7878-0164","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gerald F Giesbrecht","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7259-0685","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Calgary","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nicole Letourneau","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7468-915X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Calgary","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fariba Aghajafari","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2229-2054","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Calgary","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Deborah Dewey","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1323-5832","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Calgary","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brenda Leung","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4699-8086","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Lethbridge","sameAs":"https://ror.org/044j76961"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rhonda C Bell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4298-9641","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alberta","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jenna L Evanchuk","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4217-9144","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Catherine J Field","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7285-4767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alberta","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elnaz Vaghef-Mehrabani","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada."}}],"datePublished":"2023-11-21","abstract":"Background: The maternal status of multiple micronutrients during pregnancy and postpartum and their potential associations with maternal health outcomes are largely undescribed.\n\nObjectives: This study aimed to examine associations between maternal iron and vitamin D status, individually and in combination, on depression symptoms in pregnant individuals.\n\nMethods: The Alberta Pregnancy Outcomes and Nutrition cohort study included pregnant participants and their children from Calgary and Edmonton, Canada. Iron biomarkers (serum ferritin [SF], soluble transferrin receptor, and hepcidin) were measured via immunoassays and vitamin D [25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) and 3-epi-25-hydoxyvitamin D3 (3-epi-25(OH)D3)] metabolites were quantifed using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectroscopy. Four categories of maternal iron and vitamin D status during the second trimester were conceptualized using concentrations of SF and total 25-hydoxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], respectively. Maternal Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) scores during the third trimester (n = 1920) and 3 mo postpartum (n = 1822) were obtained.\n\nResults: Concentrations of maternal 25(OH)D3, 3-epi-25(OH)D3, and the ratio of both metabolites were significantly higher during the second trimester compared with their status at 3 mo postpartum. Higher second trimester maternal concentrations of SF (β: -0.8; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -1.5, -0.01), hepcidin (β: -0.5; 95% CI: -0.9, -0.2), and 25(OH)D3 (β: -0.01; 95% CI: -0.02, -0.004) predicted lower maternal EPDS scores during the third trimester. Pregnant individuals with a low iron (SF <15 μg/L) and replete vitamin D (25(OH)D ≥75 nmol/L) (β: 1.1; 95% CI: 0.03, 2.1) or low iron (SF <15 μg/L) and vitamin D (25(OH)D <75 nmol/L) (β: 2.2; 95% CI: 0.3, 4.2) status during midpregnancy had higher third trimester EPDS scores compared with those that were replete in both micronutrients.\n\nConclusions: A higher midpregnancy maternal iron and vitamin D status, independently or in combination, predicted fewer maternal depression symptoms in the third trimester. Concentrations of maternal 25(OH)D3 and 3-epi-25(OH)D3 may be lower in the postpartum period compared with midpregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"154","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Nutrition"}}},"pageStart":"174","pageEnd":"184","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.10.029","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.10.029"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37984742"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vaginal-micronised-progesterone-for-the-prevention-of-hypertensive-disorders-of--recvmjhhhmqiltub3/","name":"Vaginal micronised progesterone for the prevention of hypertensive disorders of  pregnancy: A systematic review and meta-analysis","headline":"Vaginal micronised progesterone for the prevention of hypertensive disorders of  pregnancy: A systematic review and meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vaginal-micronised-progesterone-for-the-prevention-of-hypertensive-disorders-of--recvmjhhhmqiltub3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Adam Devall","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5632-079X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Miscarriage Association","sameAs":"https://ror.org/011xqkf34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Manu Vatish","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6012-2574","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oxford","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052gg0110"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christian M Becker","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9870-9581","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oxford","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052gg0110"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ingrid Granne","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7056-5723","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oxford","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052gg0110"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aris T Papageorghiou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8143-2232","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oxford","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052gg0110"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arri Coomarasamy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3261-9807","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Birmingham Women’s and Children’s NHS Foundation Trust","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056ajev02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pedro Melo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1928-2573","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oxford","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052gg0110"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ben W Mol","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8337-550X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00q6h8f30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrew Shennan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5273-3132","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"King's College London","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33"}}],"datePublished":"2023-11-09","abstract":"Background: Treatment with vaginal progesterone reduces the risk of miscarriage and preterm birth in selected high-risk women. The hypothesis that vaginal progesterone can reduce the risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) is unexplored.\n\nObjectives: To summarise the evidence on the effectiveness of vaginal progesterone to reduce the risk of HDP.\nSearch Strategy: We searched Embase (OVID), MEDLINE (OVID), PubMed, CENTRAL and clinicaltrials.gov from inception until 20 June 2023.\nSelection Criteria: We included placebo-controlled randomised trials (RCTs) of vaginal progesterone for the prevention or treatment of any pregnancy complications.\nData Collection and Analysis: We extracted absolute event numbers for HDP and pre-eclampsia in women receiving vaginal progesterone or placebo, and meta-analysed the data with a random effects model. We appraised the certainty of the evidence using GRADE methodology.\n\nMAIN Results: The quantitative synthesis included 11 RCTs, of which three initiated vaginal progesterone in the first trimester, and eight in the second or third trimesters. Vaginal progesterone started in the first trimester of pregnancy lowered the risk of any HDP (risk ratio [RR] 0.71, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.53-0.93, 2 RCTs, n = 4431 women, I(2) = 0%; moderate-certainty evidence) and pre-eclampsia (RR 0.61, 95% CI 0.41-0.92, 3 RCTs, n = 5267 women, I(2) = 0%; moderate-certainty evidence) when compared with placebo. Vaginal progesterone started in the second or third trimesters was not associated with a reduction in HDP (RR 1.19, 95% CI 0.67-2.12, 3 RCTs, n = 1602 women, I(2) = 9%; low-certainty evidence) or pre-eclampsia (RR 0.97, 95% CI 0.71-1.31, 5 RCTs, n = 4274 women, I(2) = 0%; low-certainty evidence).\n\nConclusions: Our systematic review found first-trimester initiated vaginal micronised progesterone may reduce the risk of HDP and pre-eclampsia.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"131","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BJOG : an International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"727","pageEnd":"739","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.17705","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/1471-0528.17705"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37941309"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/state-of-the-fertility-sector-20222023-recsdcsy9jeyaxchd/","name":"State of the Fertility Sector 2022/2023","headline":"State of the Fertility Sector 2022/2023","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/state-of-the-fertility-sector-20222023-recsdcsy9jeyaxchd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority"}],"datePublished":"2023-11-01","abstract":"# State of the fertility sector 2022/23\nAnnual publication on HFEA licensed centres\n(1st April 2022 – 31st March 2023)\nPublished: 12th September 2023\n[Download the underlying dataset as .xlsx](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/media/2znoxhqv/state-of-the-fertility-sector-2022-2023-underlying-dataset.xlsx \"State of the fertility sector 2022-2023 - underlying dataset\")\n## Table of contents\n- [About this report](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/state-of-the-fertility-sector-2022-2023/#about-this-report)\n- [1\\. There were 85 inspections undertaken in 2022/23](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/state-of-the-fertility-sector-2022-2023/#section-1)\n- [2\\. Critical non-compliances have decreased to 2%](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/state-of-the-fertility-sector-2022-2023/#section-2)\n- [3\\. In 2022/23, 107 clinics were licensed by the HFEA to provide fertility treatment](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/state-of-the-fertility-sector-2022-2023/#section-3)\n- [4\\. No Grade A incidents since 2020/21, and severe/critical OHSS incidents remained consistent with previous years](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/state-of-the-fertility-sector-2022-2023/#section-4)\n- [5\\. Patient complaints decreased in 2022/23](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/state-of-the-fertility-sector-2022-2023/#section-5)\n- [About our data](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/state-of-the-fertility-sector-2022-2023/#about-our-data)\n## About this report\nThe Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA) is the independent regulator of fertility treatment and human embryo research in the United Kingdom (UK). We aim to ensure that everyone receives high quality care in a licenced fertility clinic. We do this by licensing, monitoring, and inspecting fertility clinics and research centres [i](https://www.hfea.go...","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/per-and-polyfluoroalkyl-substances-pfas-in-consumer-products-current-knowledge-a-bfptgqvm/","name":"Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in consumer products: Current knowledge and research gaps","headline":"Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in consumer products: Current knowledge and research gaps","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/per-and-polyfluoroalkyl-substances-pfas-in-consumer-products-current-knowledge-a-bfptgqvm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Dewapriya P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chadwick L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gorji SG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Schulze B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Valsecchi S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Samanipour S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas KV"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kaserzon SL"}],"datePublished":"2023-11-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials Letters"}},"pageStart":"100086","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hazl.2023.100086","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.hazl.2023.100086"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/occurrence-and-potential-release-of-heavy-metals-in-female-underwear-manufacture-xdhyqvck/","name":"Occurrence and potential release of heavy metals in female underwear manufactured in China: Implication for women's health","headline":"Occurrence and potential release of heavy metals in female underwear manufactured in China: Implication for women's health","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/occurrence-and-potential-release-of-heavy-metals-in-female-underwear-manufacture-xdhyqvck/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hou-yang Chen"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cheng J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yuhua Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3842-475X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fb35g87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jing Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4921-9674","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Utah Valley University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02rxpxc98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tang Z"}],"datePublished":"2023-11-01","abstract":"Underwear is a potential source of women's exposure to heavy metals owing to its direct contact with the skin, especially the skin of the vagina and vulva, which has a strong absorptive capacity. However, information regarding the prevalence of metals in female underwear, and its potential hazards, remains scarce. In the present study, we examined the concentrations and potential release of Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, As, Cd, Sb, and Pb in brassieres and briefs manufactured in China. We detected higher levels of Pb and moderate levels of other metals, relative to the metal levels reported for other textiles in the literature. Cu, As, Ni and Cd, had higher migration rates (MRs) from the underwear, with medians of 100%, 100%, 30.1%, and 20.7%, respectively. The median MRs of the other metals were in the range 1.07%-15.7%. On the whole, the total and extractable concentrations of these metals differed by item and fabric type. The pollution of raw materials and the use of chemical additives containing metals commonly contributed to the metals in the underwear. On the basis of the exposure estimation, the non-carcinogenic risks posed by the underwear metals were acceptable, but the carcinogenic risks from the metals in 5.18% of brassiere samples exceeded the acceptable level.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"342","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Chemosphere"}},"pageStart":"140165","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140165","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140165"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prenatal-exposure-to-pfas-associations-with-preterm-birth-and-modification-by-ma-e1igdv7x/","name":"Prenatal Exposure to PFAS, Associations with Preterm Birth and Modification by Maternal Estrogen Levels: The Maoming Birth Study","headline":"Prenatal Exposure to PFAS, Associations with Preterm Birth and Modification by Maternal Estrogen Levels: The Maoming Birth Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prenatal-exposure-to-pfas-associations-with-preterm-birth-and-modification-by-ma-e1igdv7x/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Qin XD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhou Y"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael S. Bloom"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qian ZM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarah D Geiger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2738-0245","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047426m28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vaughn MG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chu C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qin Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8549-0122","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01mv9t934"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y. B. Yang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0954-3530","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Centre for Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation Research (CeMCOR), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hu LW"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yong Yu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7361-9371","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hubei University of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dr2b756"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zeng XW"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dong GH"}],"datePublished":"2023-11-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Estrogens play a critical role in parturition, and poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), which have estrogenic effects, have been associated with preterm birth. However, the impact of estrogens on the association between PFAS and preterm birth is unknown.\n\nOBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to investigate if estrogens modified the association between PFAS and preterm birth, using a nested case-control study design.\n\nMETHODS: A total of 371 preterm births and 508 controls were selected from a birth cohort study in China between 2016 and 2018. Perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA), perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS) and its branched isomer, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and its branched isomer, and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) were quantified in maternal serum (mean gestational age of 32 wk). Estradiol and estriol were quantified in cord serum. Preterm birth was defined as live delivery at <37 gestational weeks. Causal mediation analysis was used to estimate the mediation and interaction effects of estrogen on the association between PFAS and preterm birth. Latent profile analysis was used to identify important estrogen profiles. Multiple linear regression was used to estimate associations between PFAS and preterm birth and interactions between PFAS and estrogens on preterm birth.\n\nRESULTS: Overall, higher odds ratios (ORs) of preterm birth were associated with each 1 ln-unit PFAS increase: PFBA [1.20, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.14, 1.26], PFNA (1.30, 95% CI: 1.21, 1.39), PFOA (1.98, 95% CI: 1.54, 2.55), and PFOS (1.91, 95% CI: 1.76, 2.07) and its branched isomer (1.91, 95% CI: 1.90, 1.92). We detected statistically significant interactions between cord estradiol and PFAS on preterm birth, while no mediation effects of cord estrogen were observed. The ORs of PFOS (4.29, 95% CI: 1.31, 8.25), its branched isomer (6.71, 95% CI: 1.06, 11.91), and preterm birth were greater for participants with high cord estrogen levels than for participants with low cord estrogen levels.\n\nDISCUSSION: Our findings suggest that estrogen modified the association between maternal PFAS exposure and preterm birth. Further studies on maternal PFAS exposure and preterm birth, taking interaction effects of cord estrogens into account, are warranted. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11377.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"131","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environmental health perspectives"}}},"pageStart":"117006","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11377","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1289/EHP11377"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37962440"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/intraovarian-platelet-rich-plasma-administration-induced-spontaneous-ovulation-i-recrnzyzb2p2dgztb/","name":"Intraovarian Platelet-rich Plasma Administration Induced Spontaneous Ovulation in  an Anovulatory Woman With PCOS","headline":"Intraovarian Platelet-rich Plasma Administration Induced Spontaneous Ovulation in  an Anovulatory Woman With PCOS","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/intraovarian-platelet-rich-plasma-administration-induced-spontaneous-ovulation-i-recrnzyzb2p2dgztb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marco Mouanness","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0700-3813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"New Hope Fertility Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ehy3272"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ruoyu Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9275-0647","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zaher Merhi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7952-1428","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"New Hope Fertility Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ehy3272"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Serin Seckin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7863-6584","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University Irving Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01esghr10"}}],"datePublished":"2023-11-01","abstract":"The use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has become popular as an adjunct to fertility treatment for women with infertility, particularly those with low ovarian reserve and premature ovarian insufficiency. Recent data in a polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) animal model demonstrated that intraovarian PRP administration improved folliculogenesis, ovarian antioxidant potential, and serum hormonal imbalance, suggesting that PRP could be considered a novel technique to alleviate PCOS-induced pathogenesis. With injection of PRP into the ovaries, it has been hypothesized that the infusion of cytokines and growth factors may exhibit a local effect that changes the expression of genes important in folliculogenesis and steroidogenesis, decreases inflammation, and partially restores normal ovarian function. This report is the first to present a case of a long-term amenorrheic woman with PCOS who has been trying to conceive, who resumed spontaneous ovulatory cycles, and had improvement in several aspects of her hormonal imbalance following intraovarian PRP administration. The purpose of this case report is to increase awareness regarding the possible benefits of intraovarian PRP injections for women with PCOS. There is a clear need for larger prospective studies to properly elucidate the effect of intraovarian PRP administration on both the reproductive and metabolic dysfunctions observed in women with PCOS.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JCEM Case Reports"}}},"pageStart":"luad038","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1210/jcemcr/luad038","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jcemcr/luad038"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37908477"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endocrine-disrupting-chemicals-and-male-fertility-from-physiological-to-molecula-recmdv54nbxa86bfe/","name":"Endocrine disrupting chemicals and male fertility: from physiological to  molecular effects","headline":"Endocrine disrupting chemicals and male fertility: from physiological to  molecular effects","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endocrine-disrupting-chemicals-and-male-fertility-from-physiological-to-molecula-recmdv54nbxa86bfe/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marwa Lahimer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9685-7633","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Périnatalité & Risques Toxiques","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ewvzm89"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Abou Diwan M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Debbie Montjean","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9776-7459","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ottawa Fertility Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02hngq018"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Véronique Bach","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0684-0305","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Périnatalité & Risques Toxiques","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ewvzm89"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mounir Ajina","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8258-8551","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Farhat Hached","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0059hys23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Habib Ben Ali","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9810-8041","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Sousse","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dmpgj58"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ben Ali H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Moncef Benkhalifa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3382-989X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Périnatalité & Risques Toxiques","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ewvzm89"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hafida Khorsi‐Cauet","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Périnatalité & Risques Toxiques","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ewvzm89"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria Abou Diwan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Périnatalité & Risques Toxiques","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ewvzm89"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rosalie Cabry","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Amiens-Picardie","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010567a58"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hafida Khorsi-Cauet","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"ART and Reproductive Biology Laboratory, University Hospital and School of Medicine, CHU Sud, Amiens, France."}}],"datePublished":"2023-10-27","abstract":"The deleterious effects of chemical or non-chemical endocrine disruptors (EDs) on male fertility potential is well documented but still not fully elucidated. For example, the detection of industrial chemicals' metabolites in seminal plasma and follicular fluid can affect efficiency of the gametogenesis, the maturation and competency of gametes and has guided scientists to hypothesize that endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) may disrupt hormonal homoeostasis by leading to a wide range of hormonal control impairments. The effects of EDCs exposure on reproductive health are highly dependent on factors including the type of EDCs, the duration of exposure, individual susceptibility, and the presence of other co-factors. Research and scientists continue to study these complex interactions. The aim of this review is to summarize the literature to better understand the potential reproductive health risks of EDCs in France.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Public Health"}},"pageStart":"1232646","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1232646","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fpubh.2023.1232646"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37886048"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/repair-of-isthmocele-following-embolization-of-uterine-arteriovenous-malformatio-recmffnpyfwokvkff/","name":"Repair of Isthmocele Following Embolization of Uterine Arteriovenous  Malformation","headline":"Repair of Isthmocele Following Embolization of Uterine Arteriovenous  Malformation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/repair-of-isthmocele-following-embolization-of-uterine-arteriovenous-malformatio-recmffnpyfwokvkff/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"David Huang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6560-5519","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alisha Othieno","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3481-8359","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Evan Lehrman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2981-7917","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Traci Ito","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4939-5408","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}}],"datePublished":"2023-10-13","abstract":"Objective: To present a case of concurrent uterine arteriovenous malformation (AVM) and isthmocele, treated with ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVAC) embolization of the AVM followed by robotic isthmocele repair.\nDesign: A stepwise video demonstration with narration.\nSetting: A tertiary care academic hospital. Patient is a 37-year-old with one previous cesarean section who presented with persistent heavy vaginal bleeding after a dilation and evacuation procedure. Imaging showed evidence of an isthmocele and an iatrogenic uterine AVM secondary to the dilation and evacuation procedure. Both entities are morbid conditions associated with significant operative blood loss. Embolization of the acquired AVM was first performed to stabilize bleeding. In addition, owing to the extensive uterine defect and history of infertility, surgical repair of the isthmocele was recommended.\n\nInterventions: A multidisciplinary approach combining interventional radiology and gynecologic surgery expertise, implementing several strategies to minimize blood loss: 1. Image-guided uterine AVM embolization with EVAC [1] 2. Hysteroscopic identification of isthmocele and residual EVAC in the cavity, with fluorescence transillumination to clearly delineate isthmocele borders 3. Robot-assisted laparoscopic approach for bladder flap creation, as well as retroperitoneal space dissection to skeletonize uterine arteries 4. Transient occlusion of uterine arteries using vascular clamps to minimize operative blood loss given the isthmocele size and its proximity to the left uterine artery 5. Resection of the isthmocele and removal of residual intracavitary EVAC 6. Multilayer, bidirectional hysterotomy closure and vascular clamp removal to restore uterine blood supply\n\nConclusions: Successful multidisciplinary treatment of concurrent uterine AVM and isthmocele. Cesarean delivery at 36 to 37 weeks' gestational age was recommended for future deliveries.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"30","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"948","pageEnd":"949","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2023.10.002","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jmig.2023.10.002"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37827235"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evidencebased-guideline-unexplained-infertility-xyenlqkh/","name":"Evidence-based guideline: unexplained infertility","headline":"Evidence-based guideline: unexplained infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evidencebased-guideline-unexplained-infertility-xyenlqkh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Romualdi D","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5236-2586"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ata B","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1106-3747"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Siladitya Bhattacharya","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6279-7826","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aberdeen Maternity Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0020hse07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bosch E","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2212-5931"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael Costello","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7340-1356","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UNSW Sydney","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Geršak K","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9088-2382"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Homburg R","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3863-2831"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mincheva M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2917-2546"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert J Norman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5333-6451","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen Elizabeth Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x362k69"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Terhi Piltonen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9921-7300","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oulu University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045ney286"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dos Santos-Ribeiro S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2476-7858"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Scicluna D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Somers S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4591-6365"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunkara SK","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1530-4854"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Harold R Verhoeve","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0107-1148","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"OLVG","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01d02sf11"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Le Clef N","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4574-1809"}],"datePublished":"2023-10-03","abstract":"Guideline Group on Unexplained Infertility; Romualdi D(1), Ata B(2)(3),  Bhattacharya S(4), Bosch E(5), Costello M(6)(7), Gersak K(8), Homburg R(9),  Mincheva M(10), Norman RJ(7)(11), Piltonen T(12), Dos Santos-Ribeiro S(13),  Scicluna D(14), Somers S(15), Sunkara SK(16), Verhoeve HR(17), Le Clef N(18).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Hum Reprod"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dead150","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/dead150"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37599566"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recommendations-for-reducing-the-risk-of-viral-transmission-during-fertility-tre-8bbvntp0/","name":"Recommendations for reducing the risk of viral transmission during fertility treatment with the use of autologous gametes: a committee opinion","headline":"Recommendations for reducing the risk of viral transmission during fertility treatment with the use of autologous gametes: a committee opinion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recommendations-for-reducing-the-risk-of-viral-transmission-during-fertility-tre-8bbvntp0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Electronic address: asrm@asrm.org"}],"datePublished":"2023-10-01","abstract":"Sexually transmitted infections are of major concern to reproductive specialists. Heading the list are human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 and hepatitis B and C viruses. These pathogens, which may cause incurable chronic infections, can be transmitted through assisted reproductive technologies and from infected mothers to the fetus or newborn. This document replaces the document of the same name, last published in 2020.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"120","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"794","pageEnd":"801","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2023.06.037","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2023.06.037"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37656091"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/melatonin-improves-oxidative-state-and-lactate-metabolism-in-rodent-sertoli-cell-dumzdd8g/","name":"Melatonin improves oxidative state and lactate metabolism in rodent Sertoli cells","headline":"Melatonin improves oxidative state and lactate metabolism in rodent Sertoli cells","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/melatonin-improves-oxidative-state-and-lactate-metabolism-in-rodent-sertoli-cell-dumzdd8g/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rossi SP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Matzkin ME"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Riviere E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gabriel Martínez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3692-3339","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México","sameAs":"https://ror.org/029md1766"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ponzio R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Levalle O"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Terradas C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Calandra RS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Frungieri MB"}],"datePublished":"2023-10-01","abstract":"Antioxidant actions of melatonin and its impact on testicular function and fertility have already been described. Considering that Sertoli cells contribute to provide structural support and nutrition to germ cells, we evaluated the effect of melatonin on oxidative state and lactate metabolism in the immature murine TM4 cell line and in immature hamster Sertoli cells. A prooxidant stimulus applied to rodent Sertoli cells expressing MT1/MT2 receptors, increased lipid peroxidation whereas decreased antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase 1, catalase, peroxiredoxin 1) expression and catalase activity. These changes were prevented by melatonin. Furthermore, melatonin stimulated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) expression/activity via melatonin receptors, and increased intracellular lactate production in rodent Sertoli cells. Interestingly, oral melatonin supplementation in infertile men positively regulated LDHA testicular mRNA expression. Overall, our work provides insights into the potential benefits of melatonin on Sertoli cells contributing to testicular development and the future establishment of a sustainable spermatogenesis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"576","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Molecular and cellular endocrinology"}},"pageStart":"112034","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mce.2023.112034","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.mce.2023.112034"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37516434"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/molar-pregnancy-with-co-existing-viable-fetus-delivered-preterm-at-24-weeks-gest-recpynbmippzm7wyj/","name":"Molar Pregnancy with Co-Existing Viable Fetus Delivered Preterm at 24 Weeks Gestation: A Case Report","headline":"Molar Pregnancy with Co-Existing Viable Fetus Delivered Preterm at 24 Weeks Gestation: A Case Report","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/molar-pregnancy-with-co-existing-viable-fetus-delivered-preterm-at-24-weeks-gest-recpynbmippzm7wyj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hiba Bashir Hassan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5007-2446","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mogadishu Somali Turkish Training and Research Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fadqs53"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Haslinda Hassan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3251-0892","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010wh8q62"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yasmin Hassan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0026-5781","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mogadishu Somali Turkish Training and Research Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fadqs53"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Abdi Omar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8473-5247","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mogadishu Somali Turkish Training and Research Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fadqs53"}}],"datePublished":"2023-10-01","abstract":"Maternal b-HCG levels fell to undetectable levels one month after birth without treatment. She was doing well and a follow-up six months later revealed no evidence of retained tissue or recurrence.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"Volume 16","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Medical Case Reports Journal"}},"pageStart":"651","pageEnd":"654","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.2147/imcrj.s412528","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2147/imcrj.s412528"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assessment-of-urinary-aromatic-amines-in-brazilian-pregnant-women-and-associatio-atalypax/","name":"Assessment of urinary aromatic amines in Brazilian pregnant women and association with DNA damage: Influence of genetic diversity, lifestyle, and environmental and socioeconomic factors","headline":"Assessment of urinary aromatic amines in Brazilian pregnant women and association with DNA damage: Influence of genetic diversity, lifestyle, and environmental and socioeconomic factors","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assessment-of-urinary-aromatic-amines-in-brazilian-pregnant-women-and-associatio-atalypax/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marília Cristina Oliveira Souza","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2947-992X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade de São Paulo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036rp1748"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"González N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joaquim Rovira","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0212-9353","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitat Rovira i Virgili","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g5sqv46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Herrero M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marquès M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Martí Nadal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1974-6836","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitat Rovira i Virgili","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g5sqv46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Barbosa F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"José L Domingo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9470","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitat Rovira i Virgili","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g5sqv46"}}],"datePublished":"2023-10-01","abstract":"Aromatic amines (AAs) are polar organic chemicals with a wide environmental distribution originating from various sources, such as tobacco smoke, diesel exhaust, and dermal absorption from textile products with azo dyes. The toxicity profile of AAs is directly related to the amino group's metabolic activation and the generation of the reactive intermediate, forming DNA adducts and potential carcinogenicity. Urinary levels of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8OHdG) are an important biomarker of DNA damage. Since AAs have been shown to cross the placental barrier, being a risk factor for adverse birth outcomes, prenatal exposure is a great public health concern. The present study aimed to measure the urinary levels of 58 AAs in Brazilian pregnant women (n = 300) and investigated the impact of this exposure on DNA damage by quantifying 8OHdG levels. The influence of tobacco smoke exposure and dermal absorption of AAs by clothes on urinary levels was also assessed. The results showed a 100% detection rate for eight AAs, two of them regulated by the European Union (2,6-dimethylaniline and 2,4-diaminotolune). Hundreds of AAs may be derived from aniline, which here showed a median of 1.38 ng/mL. Aniline also correlated positively with 2,6-dimethylaniline, p-aminophenol, and other AAs, suggesting exposure to multiple sources. The present findings suggest that both tobacco smoke and dermal contact with clothes containing azo dyes are potential sources that might strongly influence urinary levels of AAs in Brazilian pregnant women. A multiple regression linear model (R2 = 0.772) suggested that some regulated AAs (i.e., 2-naphthylamine and 4-aminobiphenyl), nicotine, smoke habit, age, and Brazilian region could induce DNA damage occurrence, increasing the levels of 8OHdG. Given the limited available data on human exposure to carcinogenic AAs, as well as the lack of toxicological information on those non-regulated, further studies focused on measuring their levels in human fluids and the potential exposure sources are clearly essential.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"335","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environmental Pollution"}},"pageStart":"122366","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122366","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122366"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fetoscopic-laser-photocoagulation-for-complex-heterokaryotypic-monochorionic-twi-recbkgwyvhdxj0phv/","name":"Fetoscopic laser photocoagulation for complex heterokaryotypic monochorionic twin  management","headline":"Fetoscopic laser photocoagulation for complex heterokaryotypic monochorionic twin  management","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fetoscopic-laser-photocoagulation-for-complex-heterokaryotypic-monochorionic-twi-recbkgwyvhdxj0phv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Cara Buskmiller","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1313-1192","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women’s Health, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sanz Cortes M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael A Belfort","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1179-7647","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roopali V Donepudi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0387-2755","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Texas Children's Fetal Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jessian L Munoz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3938-2267","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ahmed A Nassr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1924-7965","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Magdalena Sanz Cortes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0265-9859","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}}],"datePublished":"2023-09-28","abstract":"Data sharing not applicable - no new data generated","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"63","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology : the Official Journal of the International  Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"422","pageEnd":"423","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.27506","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/uog.27506"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37767634"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/case-reports-from-women-using-a-quantitative-hormone-monitor-to-track-the-perimenopause-transition-recv4qadf1sldl9ab/","name":"Case Reports from Women Using a Quantitative Hormone Monitor to Track the Perimenopause Transition","headline":"Case Reports from Women Using a Quantitative Hormone Monitor to Track the Perimenopause Transition","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/case-reports-from-women-using-a-quantitative-hormone-monitor-to-track-the-perimenopause-transition-recv4qadf1sldl9ab/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria Meyers","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3416-0032","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Western Health Center, Midfield, AL, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02kxemb23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Schneider","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8090-4971","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}}],"datePublished":"2023-09-28","abstract":"The fertility tracking of menstrual cycles during perimenopause with a quantitative hormone monitor is a novel undertaking. Women in regular menstrual cycles have been tracking their fertility using different biomarkers since the 1960's. Presently, there are newer electronic hormonal devices used to track fertility that provide more exact and objective data to help delineate the fertile time frame of a woman's cycle. These devices measure quantitative levels of estrogen, the luteinizing hormone, progesterone, and follicle-stimulating hormone, all of which occur at varying levels during the menstrual cycle. As women advance toward menopause, their cycles vary in length, and their hormones fluctuate. In this retrospective analysis, forty-two women aged 40 to 50 tracked their cycles over time, and eight of these forty-two women used the quantitative hormonal device. With the use of this device, the perimenopausal period has revealed distinct hormonal cycle characteristics that are unique to this group of women. It is the purpose of this paper to discuss these cycle's characteristics during perimenopause, which were found with the use of the quantitative hormonal device.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"59","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)"}}},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59101743","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q140366027"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/medicina59101743"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37893460"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q140366027"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/placental-histology-for-targeted-risk-assessment-of-recurrent-spontaneous-preter-recgdxia1c3om5ny4/","name":"Placental histology for targeted risk assessment of recurrent spontaneous preterm  birth","headline":"Placental histology for targeted risk assessment of recurrent spontaneous preterm  birth","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/placental-histology-for-targeted-risk-assessment-of-recurrent-spontaneous-preter-recgdxia1c3om5ny4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunitha Suresh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7549-2183","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NorthShore University HealthSystem","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04tpp9d61"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexa Freedman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7000-8722","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emmet Hirsch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3452-0990","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NorthShore University HealthSystem","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04tpp9d61"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marci Adams","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9369-7836","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NorthShore University HealthSystem","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04tpp9d61"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Linda M Ernst","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NorthShore University HealthSystem","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04tpp9d61"}}],"datePublished":"2023-09-27","abstract":"Background: Spontaneous preterm birth significantly increases the risk for a recurrent preterm birth. Only a few identifiable clinical risk factors can be referenced in counseling for recurrent preterm birth. Furthermore, treatment using progesterone supplementation has not consistently prevented preterm birth among high-risk patients, but it may be effective in a subset of those patients. Placental pathology from a previous pregnancy may be used to predict which patients will experience a recurrent preterm birth or to identify a subset of patients more likely to respond to treatment with antenatal progesterone.\n\nObjective: This study aimed to determine if histologic patterns are associated with recurrent preterm birth among patients with an index spontaneous preterm birth. A secondary objective was to determine if placental histologic types and/or progesterone receptor density in the decidua are associated with the response to progesterone supplementation with intramuscular 17-hydroxyprogesterone caproate.\n\nStudy Design: This was a retrospective cohort study at a single institution of women with singleton pregnancies with an index spontaneous preterm birth and a subsequent birth within the same hospital system between 2009 and 2019. Patients were included if placental pathology was available for the index spontaneous preterm birth. A logistic regression was used to determine if there were independent associations between 4 histologic types (acute inflammation, maternal vascular malperfusion, fetal vascular malperfusion, chronic inflammation) and recurrent preterm birth. For the secondary endpoint, 17-hydroxyprogesterone caproate response was defined as prolonging gestation by >3 weeks beyond the gestational age at delivery in the index pregnancy. Patients who delivered <3 weeks beyond the gestational age in the index pregnancy but at ≥39 weeks' gestation were excluded. A logistic regression was used to assess the independent association between placental histology and 17-hydroxyprogesterone caproate response. Sensitivity analyses were completed using only patients with an index birth <36 weeks' gestation, and then excluding those with medically indicated preterm birth in a subsequent pregnancy. A nested case-control immunohistochemical study was done among 20 patients with a subsequent term birth and 20 patients with a subsequent spontaneous preterm birth. The percentage of cells in the maternal decidua positive for progesterone receptors was correlated with the subsequent pregnancy outcome.\n\nResults: A total of 352 patients were included. Acute inflammation was the most common histologic type seen among patients with spontaneous preterm birth (44.1%), followed by chronic inflammation (40.9%) and maternal vascular malperfusion (31.3%). No histologic type was independently associated with recurrent preterm birth. A total of 155 patients received 17-hydroxyprogesterone caproate in a second pregnancy. Low-grade acute inflammation was significantly associated with a decreased likelihood of 17-hydroxyprogesterone caproate response. Low-grade maternal vascular malperfusion among those with an index pregnancy delivered at <36 weeks' gestation was significantly associated with a more than 4 times increased likelihood of 17-hydroxyprogesterone caproate response when excluding those with a subsequent iatrogenic preterm birth. Progesterone receptor staining was not associated with recurrent preterm birth.\n\nConclusion: Although acute inflammation was prevalent among spontaneous preterm births, more than half of the spontaneous preterm births were not associated with acute inflammation. Low-grade acute inflammation was associated with a significantly decreased response to 17-hydroxyprogesterone caproate supplementation. Low-grade maternal vascular malperfusion was associated with a 4-fold increased likelihood of 17-hydroxyprogesterone caproate response among those with index deliveries <36 weeks' gestation. Further work is needed to determine if placental pathologic examination can be used to target treatment in subsequent pregnancies to prevent recurrent preterm birth.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"230","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"452.e1-452.e11","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2023.09.018","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ajog.2023.09.018"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37751829"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-low-vitamin-c-intake-on-fertility-parameters-and-pregnancy-outcomes-i-hdbhriz3/","name":"Effects of Low Vitamin C Intake on Fertility Parameters and Pregnancy Outcomes in Guinea Pigs","headline":"Effects of Low Vitamin C Intake on Fertility Parameters and Pregnancy Outcomes in Guinea Pigs","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-low-vitamin-c-intake-on-fertility-parameters-and-pregnancy-outcomes-i-hdbhriz3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Coker SJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dyson RM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Smith-Díaz CC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vissers MCM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Berry MJ"}],"datePublished":"2023-09-22","abstract":"Identifying how specific nutrients can impact fertility, pregnancy, and neonatal outcomes will yield important insights into the biological mechanisms linking diet and reproductive health. Our study investigates how dietary vitamin C intake affects various fertility parameters and pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in the guinea pig, a natural model of vitamin C dependency. Dunkin Hartley guinea pigs were fed an optimal (900 mg/kg feed) or low (100 mg/kg feed) vitamin C diet ad libitum for at least three weeks prior to mating and throughout pregnancy. We found that animals receiving the low vitamin C diet had an increased number of unsuccessful matings, a higher incidence of foetal reabsorption, and, among pregnancies resulting in delivery at term, produced fewer offspring. Neonates from mothers on the low vitamin C diet had significantly decreased plasma vitamin C concentrations at birth and exhibited mild growth impairments in a sex-dependent manner. We conclude that a diet low of vitamin C induces a state of subfertility, reduces overall fecundity, and adversely impacts both pregnancy outcomes and growth in the offspring. Our study provides an essential foundation for future investigations to determine whether these findings translate to humans. If so, they could have important clinical implications for assisted reproductive technologies and nutritional recommendations for couples trying to conceive, pregnant women, and breastfeeding mothers.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nutrients"}}},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15194107","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q135965253"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/nu15194107"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37836389"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q135965253"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/semaglutide-treatment-of-excessive-body-weight-in-obese-pcos-patients-unresponsi-a9shgfyz/","name":"Semaglutide Treatment of Excessive Body Weight in Obese PCOS Patients Unresponsive to Lifestyle Programs","headline":"Semaglutide Treatment of Excessive Body Weight in Obese PCOS Patients Unresponsive to Lifestyle Programs","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/semaglutide-treatment-of-excessive-body-weight-in-obese-pcos-patients-unresponsi-a9shgfyz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E Carmina","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1546-5081","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Longo RA"}],"datePublished":"2023-09-12","abstract":"In spite of the widespread use of lifestyle modifications programs, many patients with PCOS are obese and prevalence of obesity in PCOS remains high. In this study, we present the data on the use of semaglutide, an incretin mimetic drug, in obese PCOS patients who were unresponsive to a lifestyle modification program. Twenty-seven obese patients with a diagnosis of PCOS, who did not reduce their body weight by a lifestyle modification program, were included in this study and treated by semaglutide, 0.5 mg subcutaneously once a week. After three months of treatment, an improvement in body weight with a mean decrease in body weight of 7.6 kg and a mean BMI loss of 3.1 was observed, while very few side effects were reported. Almost 80% of the studied obese PCOS patients obtained at least a 5% decrease in their body weight. Only a few patients (22%) obtained a decrease in body weight lower than 5% and were considered non-responsive to semaglutide, at least at the used doses. These patients presented a more severe obesity than responsive patients. Independently of results on body weight, and in patients who did not obtain a 5% decrease in their body weight, insulin basal values decreased, and HOMA-IR improved. Fasting blood glucose normalized in 80% of semaglutide-treated IFG PCOS women. In patients who were responsive to semaglutide (weight loss > 5%), the treatment was continued for additional three months. Weight loss slowed but continued and, at the end of the six months of therapy, the mean body weight loss was 11.5 kg and mean BMI reduced from 34.4 to 29.4. A total of 80% of responsive patients normalized menstrual cycles. In conclusion, treatment with semaglutide, at low doses, significantly reduces body weight in almost 80% of obese PCOS patients who were unresponsive to a previous lifestyle plan. It is often associated with the normalization of menstrual cycles, and these important results are obtained with very few side effects.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of clinical medicine"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12185921","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/jcm12185921"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37762862"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/impact-of-thyroid-autoantibodies-and-serum-tsh-level-on-clinical-ivf-outcomes-recey5obbgri6e7i5/","name":"Impact of thyroid autoantibodies and serum TSH level on clinical IVF outcomes","headline":"Impact of thyroid autoantibodies and serum TSH level on clinical IVF outcomes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/impact-of-thyroid-autoantibodies-and-serum-tsh-level-on-clinical-ivf-outcomes-recey5obbgri6e7i5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kyoung Yong Moon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6899-0384","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Maria Fertility Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/009asv333"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Haerin Paik","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2699-5272","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Seoul National University Bundang Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cb3km46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Byung Chul Jee","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2289-6090","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Seoul National University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Seok Hyun Kim","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8934-3891","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Maria Fertility Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/009asv333"}}],"datePublished":"2023-09-08","abstract":"Objective: This study aimed to investigate the impact of thyroid autoantibodies and serum TSH levels on clinical IVF outcomes.\n\nMaterials and Methods: This study included 260 Korean women scheduled for their first IVF between 2013 and 2017. Serum levels of thyroid hormone, TSH, and antibody for thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin were measured just before the first ovarian stimulation. Clinical pregnancy rate (PR), ongoing PR, and miscarriage rate were analyzed according to thyroid autoimmunity and serum TSH levels. The primary outcome was ongoing PR beyond 12 weeks of gestation.\n\nResults: The ongoing PR and miscarriage rates were similar between women with positive (n = 29) and negative autoantibodies (n = 186). In women with subclinical hypothyroidism (serum TSH ≥4.2 μIU/mL), ongoing PR was significantly lower than euthyroid women (22.2%, vs. 44.7%, p = 0.045), but miscarriage rate was similar. The group with serum TSH ≥3.4 μIU/mL showed a significantly lower ongoing PR (23.9% vs. 46.7%, p = 0.005) and significantly higher miscarriage rate (38.9% vs. 14.1%, p = 0.020). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, serum TSH ≥3.4 μIU/mL was an independent unfavorable predictor for ongoing PR (odds ratio 0.375, p = 0.013).\n\nConclusion: Thyroid autoantibodies did not affect clinical IVF outcomes, but women with serum TSH ≥3.4 μIU/mL demonstrated poor IVF outcomes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"62","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"735","pageEnd":"741","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjog.2023.07.017","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.tjog.2023.07.017"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37679004"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lack-of-evidence-that-progesterone-in-ovulatory-cycles-causes-breast-cancer-recbnsu3nw65nhy3s/","name":"Lack of evidence that progesterone in ovulatory cycles causes breast cancer","headline":"Lack of evidence that progesterone in ovulatory cycles causes breast cancer","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lack-of-evidence-that-progesterone-in-ovulatory-cycles-causes-breast-cancer-recbnsu3nw65nhy3s/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Vanadin Seifert‐Klauss","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2639-5317","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"TUM Klinikum","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04jc43x05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J A Simon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6968-5250","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"George Washington University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00y4zzh67"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Gompel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9614-6968","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Paris Cité","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05f82e368"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2023-09-06","abstract":"A recent Perspective article asserted that progesterone secretion during ovulatory cycles is the cause of breast cancer. However, we challenge most of the evidence developed in this publication. First, there is a lack of evidence that progesterone is mutagenic for breast cells. Cause of a cancer should mean initiation by mutation, as opposed to promotion. Second, subclinical ovulatory disturbances occur rather frequently in normal-length menstrual cycles. Third, the authors attribute a potential carcinogenic effect to progesterone secreted during menstrual cycles but not to progesterone during pregnancy. They did not discuss breast cancer evidence from progesterone/progestin therapeutics. They argue that in genetic primary amenorrhea, a hypothetic lower risk of breast cancer could be due to the lack of progesterone, despite the progesterone/progestin in hormone replacements these women receive. Fourth, they advocate a regulatory effect of progesterone on several genes potentially involved in cancer genesis. In particular, they attribute a lower risk of breast cancer in women with Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome to a defect in the progesterone-stimulated Wnt4 gene. However, this defect is only present in a small subset. Thus, the postulated progesterone breast cancer risk is unconvincing, which we discuss point by point in this commentary.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"26","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Climacteric : the Journal of the International Menopause Society"}}},"pageStart":"634","pageEnd":"637","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13697137.2023.2249813","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/13697137.2023.2249813"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37671636"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/first-trimester-anatomy-ultrasound-for-patients-with-obesity-a-randomized-contro-recsx1dvhgwtsnehu/","name":"First trimester anatomy ultrasound for patients with obesity: a randomized  controlled trial","headline":"First trimester anatomy ultrasound for patients with obesity: a randomized  controlled trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/first-trimester-anatomy-ultrasound-for-patients-with-obesity-a-randomized-contro-recsx1dvhgwtsnehu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Michal Fishel Bartal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4715-566X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tel Aviv University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mhzgx49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fishel Bartal M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rachel T. Nguyen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1762-8253","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03gds6c39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Baha M. Sibai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9982-7873","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tennessee at Knoxville","sameAs":"https://ror.org/020f3ap87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudia Pedroza","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4235-1282","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Clinical Research (United States)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05fnzzk18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Edgar Hernandez‐Andrade","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8656-3984","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences (UTHealth) McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston  Houston Texas USA"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Miguel Bonilla","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1435-3870","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03gds6c39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cara Buskmiller","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1313-1192","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women’s Health, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chloe Denham","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03gds6c39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Edgar Hernandez-Andrade","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4590-4831","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences (UTHealth), McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ruby Nguyen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2755-2915","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Epidemiology and Community Health University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"}}],"datePublished":"2023-09-06","abstract":"Background: Second-trimester ultrasound is the standard technique for fetal anatomy evaluation in the United States despite international guidelines and literature that suggest that first-trimester timing may be superior in patients with obesity. First-trimester imaging performs well in cohorts of participants with obesity.\n\nObjective: Our aim was to compare the completion rate of a first-trimester fetal anatomy ultrasound scan with that of a second-trimester fetal anatomy ultrasound scan among pregnant people with a body mass index ≥35 kg/m(2).\n\nStudy Design: This randomized controlled trial enrolled participants with a body mass index ≥35 kg/m(2) with a singleton gestation and who presented before 14+0/7 weeks of gestation. Participants were randomized to receive an ultrasound assessment of anatomy at either 12+0/7 to 13+6/7 weeks or at 18+0/7 to 22+6/7 weeks. The primary outcome was completion rate (percentage of scans that optimally imaged all the required fetal structures). Secondary outcomes included the necessity of a transvaginal approach, completion rates for each individual view, number of anomalies identified and missed in each group, scan duration, and patient perspectives. A 1-year pilot sample was analyzed using Bayesian methods for the primary outcome with a neutral prior and frequentist analyses for the remaining outcomes.\n\nResults: A total of 128 participants were enrolled, and 1 withdrew consent; 62 subjects underwent a first-trimester ultrasound scan and 62 underwent a second-trimester ultrasound scan. A total of 2 participants did not attend the research visits, and 1 sought termination of pregnancy. In the first-trimester group, 66% (41/62) of ultrasound scans were completed in comparison with 53% (33/62) in the second-trimester ultrasound group (Bayesian relative risk, 1.20; 95% credible interval, 0.91-1.73). When compared with a second-trimester scan plus a follow-up ultrasound, a first-trimester ultrasound plus a second-trimester ultrasound was equally successful in completing the anatomy views (76%). First-trimester anatomy ultrasound scans required a transvaginal approach in 63% (39/62) of cases and had a longer duration than a second-trimester ultrasound scan. No anomalies were missed in either group. First-trimester ultrasound participants who responded to a survey described that they were very satisfied with the technique.\n\nConclusion: In pregnant subjects with a body mass index ≥35 kg/m(2), a single first-trimester anatomy ultrasound scan was more likely to obtain all the recommended anatomic views than a single second-trimester ultrasound scan. An evaluation of anatomy at 12+0/7 to 13+6/7 weeks' gestation plus an evaluation at 18+0/7 to 22+6/7 led to complete anatomic evaluation 4 weeks earlier than 2 second trimester scans. Assessment of ultrasound duration in a clinical setting is needed to ensure feasibility outside of a research setting.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology MFM"}}},"pageStart":"101143","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajogmf.2023.101143","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ajogmf.2023.101143"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37669739"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/venous-thromboembolism-with-use-of-hormonal-contraception-and-nonsteroidal-antii-eztekzeo/","name":"Venous thromboembolism with use of hormonal contraception and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: nationwide cohort study","headline":"Venous thromboembolism with use of hormonal contraception and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: nationwide cohort study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/venous-thromboembolism-with-use-of-hormonal-contraception-and-nonsteroidal-antii-eztekzeo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Amani Meaidi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4549-8271","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nordsjællands Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016nge880"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mascolo A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sessa M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Toft-Petersen AP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Skals R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gerds TA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wessel Skovlund C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lina Steinrud Mørch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6506-2569","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Danish Cancer Society","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ytt7k16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rossi F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Capuano A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Øjvind Lidegaard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9157-4004","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rigshospitalet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mchdq19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christian Torp-Pedersen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1034-3280","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Cardiology, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hilleroed, Denmark."}}],"datePublished":"2023-09-06","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To study the influence of concomitant use of hormonal contraception and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on the risk of venous thromboembolism.\n\nDESIGN: Nationwide cohort study.\n\nSETTING: Denmark through national registries.\n\nPARTICIPANTS: All 15-49 year old women living in Denmark between 1996 and 2017 with no medical history of any venous or arterial thrombotic event, cancer, thrombophilia, hysterectomy, bilateral oophorectomy, sterilisation, or infertility treatment (n=2 029 065).\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: A first time discharge diagnosis of lower limb deep venous thrombosis or pulmonary embolism.\n\nRESULTS: Among 2.0 million women followed for 21.0 million person years, 8710 venous thromboembolic events occurred. Compared with non-use of NSAIDs, use of NSAIDs was associated with an adjusted incidence rate ratio of venous thromboembolism of 7.2 (95% confidence interval 6.0 to 8.5) in women not using hormonal contraception, 11.0 (9.6 to 12.6) in women using high risk hormonal contraception, 7.9 (5.9 to 10.6) in those using medium risk hormonal contraception, and 4.5 (2.6 to 8.1) in users of low/no risk hormonal contraception. The corresponding numbers of extra venous thromboembolic events per 100 000 women over the first week of NSAID treatment compared with non-use of NSAIDs were 4 (3 to 5) in women not using hormonal contraception, 23 (19 to 27) in women using high risk hormonal contraception, 11 (7 to 15) in those using medium risk hormonal contraception, and 3 (0 to 5) in users of low/no risk hormonal contraception.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: NSAID use was positively associated with the development of venous thromboembolism in women of reproductive age. The number of extra venous thromboembolic events with NSAID use compared with non-use was significantly larger with concomitant use of high/medium risk hormonal contraception compared with concomitant use of low/no risk hormonal contraception. Women needing both hormonal contraception and regular use of NSAIDs should be advised accordingly.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"382","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ (Clinical research ed.)"}},"pageStart":"e074450","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2022-074450","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj-2022-074450"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37673431"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mental-health-symptoms-in-oral-contraceptive-users-during-shortterm-hormone-with-g4ryzh3x/","name":"Mental Health Symptoms in Oral Contraceptive Users During Short-Term Hormone Withdrawal","headline":"Mental Health Symptoms in Oral Contraceptive Users During Short-Term Hormone Withdrawal","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mental-health-symptoms-in-oral-contraceptive-users-during-shortterm-hormone-with-g4ryzh3x/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Noachtar IA","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1820-2239"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vibe Gedso Frokjaer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9321-2365","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035b05819"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Belinda Pletzer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7277-0923","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Salzburg","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05gs8cd61"}}],"datePublished":"2023-09-05","abstract":"IMPORTANCE: Hormonal contraception has been linked to mood symptoms and the ability to recognize emotions after short periods of treatment, whereas the mental health of users of long-term hormonal contraceptives has had limited investigation.\n\nOBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether short-term hormonal withdrawal, which users of combined oral contraceptives (COCs) undergo once a month (pill pause), was associated with altered mood and emotional recognition in long-term users of COCs.\n\nDESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This case-control study included a community sample of individuals assigned female sex at birth who identified as women and used COC for 6 months or longer. The control group included women with natural menstrual cycles who otherwise fulfilled the same inclusion criteria. The study was conducted between April 2021 and June 2022 in Salzburg, Austria.\n\nEXPOSURE: COC users and women with natural menstrual cycles were tested twice within a month, once during their active pill phase or luteal phase and once during their pill pause or menses.\n\nMAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Negative affect, anxiety, and mental health problems were assessed during each session. The percentage increase in mental health symptoms was calculated during the pill pause compared with that during the active intake phase in COC users. How this change compared with mood fluctuations along the menstrual cycle in women with natural menstrual cycles was assessed.\n\nRESULTS: A total of 181 women aged 18 to 35 years (mean [SD] age, 22.7 [3.5] years) were included in the analysis (61 women with androgenic COC use, 59 with antiandrogenic COC use, 60 women with a menstrual cycle not taking COCs). COC users showed a 12.67% increase in negative affect (95% CI, 6.94%-18.39%), 7.42% increase in anxiety (95% CI, 3.43%-11.40%), and 23.61% increase in mental health symptoms (95% CI, 16.49%-30.73%; P < .001) during the pill pause compared with the active intake phase. The effect size of this change did not differ depending on progestin type (negative affect: F1,117 = 0.30, P = .59; state anxiety: F1,117 = 2.15, P = .15; mental health: F1,117 = .16, P = .69) or ethinylestradiol dose (negative affect: F1,57 = .99, P = .32; state anxiety: F1,57 = 2.30, P = .13; mental health: F1,57 = .14, P = .71) was comparable with mood changes along the menstrual cycle in women with natural cycles (negative affect: F2,175 = 0.13, P = .87; state anxiety: F2,175 = 0.14, P = .32; mental health: F2,175 = 0.65, P = .52). Mood worsening during the pill pause was more pronounced in women with higher baseline depression scores (negative affect increase of 17.95% [95% CI, 7.80%-28.10%] in COC users with higher trait depression [BDI >8]). Emotion recognition performance did not differ between active pill phase and pill pause.\n\nCONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this case-control study of long-term COC users, withdrawal from contraceptive steroids during the pill pause was associated with adverse mental health symptoms similar to those experienced by women during menses with withdrawal from endogenous steroids. These results question the use of the pill pause from a mental health perspective. Long-term COC users may benefit more from the mood-stabilizing effects of COCs in cases of continuous intake.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA network open"}}},"pageStart":"e2335957","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.35957","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q122916841"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.35957"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37755829"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q122916841"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/examining-the-co-occurrence-of-endometriosis-and-polycystic-ovarian-syndrome-recrv8d02ugl8jqtg/","name":"Examining the co-occurrence of endometriosis and polycystic ovarian syndrome","headline":"Examining the co-occurrence of endometriosis and polycystic ovarian syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/examining-the-co-occurrence-of-endometriosis-and-polycystic-ovarian-syndrome-recrv8d02ugl8jqtg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"May Shaaban","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5784-8705","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Z Pollack","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4313-3298","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"George Mason University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Matthew Peterson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4644-602X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kristy Allen Brady","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lina Ghabayen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Felicity R Hughes","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A C Kiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3025-3853","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2023-09-04","abstract":"Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome and endometriosis are 2 of the most common reproductive disorders among women but are thought to be unrelated.\n\nObjective: This study aimed to examine the overlap and common symptoms of polycystic ovarian syndrome and endometriosis.\n\nStudy Design: The study population included the Endometriosis, Natural History, Diagnosis, and Outcomes Study (2007-2009) operative cohort: 473 women, aged 18 to 44 years, who underwent a diagnostic and/or therapeutic laparoscopy or laparotomy at 1 of 14 surgical centers located in Salt Lake City, Utah, or San Francisco, California, in addition to a population cohort composed of 127 women from the surgical centers' catchment areas. Age and site-adjusted multinomial regression models were used to estimate adjusted prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals of reproductive history characteristics among women with endometriosis only, women with polycystic ovarian syndrome only, and women with both endometriosis and polycystic ovarian syndrome.\n\nResults: Among the operative cohort, 35% had endometriosis only, 9% had polycystic ovarian syndrome only, and 5% had endometriosis and polycystic ovarian syndrome. Among the population cohort, 10% had endometriosis only, 8% had polycystic ovarian syndrome only, and 2% had endometriosis and polycystic ovarian syndrome. In the operative cohort, a history of subfertility was associated with a higher adjusted probability of having both conditions (adjusted prevalence ratio, 10.33; 95% confidence interval, 3.94-27.08), followed by having endometriosis only (adjusted prevalence ratio, 2.45; 95% confidence interval, 1.56-3.84) or polycystic ovarian syndrome only (adjusted prevalence ratio, 1.15; 95% confidence interval, 0.51-2.61), than having neither condition. In addition, experiencing chronic pelvic pain within the past 12 months was associated with a higher probability of having both conditions (adjusted prevalence ratio, 2.53; 95% confidence interval, 1.07-6.00) than having neither condition.\n\nConclusion: Among a cohort of women undergoing gynecologic laparoscopy or laparotomy, our study found that nearly 1 in 20 women had both an incident endometriosis diagnosis and symptoms consistent with polycystic ovarian syndrome. Among a population cohort of women not seeking gynecologic care, polycystic ovarian syndrome and endometriosis overlap prevalence was approximately 1 in 50 women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"AJOG Global Reports"}}},"pageStart":"100259","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xagr.2023.100259","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.xagr.2023.100259"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37663310"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-self-assessment-tool/","name":"3-Tier Endometriosis Symptom Self-Assessment Tool","headline":"3-Tier Endometriosis Symptom Self-Assessment Tool","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-self-assessment-tool/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Whittaker N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Naomi M Whittaker","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3706-3112","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UPMC Divine Mercy Women's Health"}}],"datePublished":"2023-09-02","abstract":"An evidence-based, 3-tier endometriosis self-assessment developed by Dr. Naomi Whittaker, board-certified OB/GYN (MIGS, NFPMC, FCI). Evaluates 36 symptoms across three tiers of clinical suspicion -- Very High (15 symptoms, 3 points each), High (15 symptoms, 2 points each), and Moderate (6 symptoms, 1 point each) -- with a maximum score of 81 points. Designed as a structured starting point for patients to bring to their next clinical appointment, not as a diagnostic tool. Free and accessible without registration at rrmacademy.org/endo-survey.","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clothing-as-a-potential-exposure-source-of-trace-elements-during-early-life-i2ztsrzp/","name":"Clothing as a potential exposure source of trace elements during early life","headline":"Clothing as a potential exposure source of trace elements during early life","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clothing-as-a-potential-exposure-source-of-trace-elements-during-early-life-i2ztsrzp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Herrero M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joaquim Rovira","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0212-9353","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitat Rovira i Virgili","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g5sqv46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"González N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marquès M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Barbosa F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sierra J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"José L Domingo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9470","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitat Rovira i Virgili","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g5sqv46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Martí Nadal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1974-6836","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitat Rovira i Virgili","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g5sqv46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marília Cristina Oliveira Souza","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2947-992X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade de São Paulo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036rp1748"}}],"datePublished":"2023-09-01","abstract":"In recent years, the interest in determining the chemical composition of textile products has increased among the scientific community and regulatory agencies, driven by toxicological issues and environmental concerns. Chemical elements are naturally present in clothing as natural fibers or intentionally added during manufacture. Some of them show physical-chemical properties that allow their absorption through the skin. In addition, chronic situations increase the dermal exposure capacity. Because of age-specific behavioral characteristics and underdeveloped physiological function, children may be especially sensitive to exposure to trace elements. This study aimed to analyze the levels of twenty trace elements in 120 clothing items commercialized in Spain. Textile products for pregnant women and children <36 months old were included. The potential health implication of this dermal exposure in early life was also evaluated. Aluminum, zinc, and titanium showed the highest concentrations, with median levels of 27.6, 5.6, and 4.2 mg/kg, respectively. Since chromium is employed as a metal complex dye in synthetic fibers, high levels of this element were found in black polyester. Dermal exposure to titanium, which is a ubiquitous element in clothes made of synthetic fibers, was associated with a hazard quotient (HQ) higher than the threshold value (HQ > 1), with values of 1.13 for pregnant women and 1.22 for newborns. On the other hand, HQ values of other elements and cancer risks were lower than the recommended values. Assessing early-life exposure to toxic elements can help to identify potential sources and to prevent or reduce human exposure, mainly in vulnerable groups.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"233","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environmental Research"}},"pageStart":"116479","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2023.116479","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.envres.2023.116479"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-vitamin-d-deficiency-and-testosterone-levels-in-adult-males--nmiufdmd/","name":"Association Between Vitamin D Deficiency and Testosterone Levels in Adult Males: A Systematic Review","headline":"Association Between Vitamin D Deficiency and Testosterone Levels in Adult Males: A Systematic Review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-vitamin-d-deficiency-and-testosterone-levels-in-adult-males--nmiufdmd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Monson NR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Klair N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patel U"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Saxena A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patel D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ayesha IE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nath TS"}],"datePublished":"2023-09-01","abstract":"Vitamin D deficiency and its potential impact on testosterone levels have been subjects of scientific interest. This systematic review aims to evaluate the association between vitamin D deficiency and testosterone levels in adult males and examine the effects of vitamin D supplementation on testosterone. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines across PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect. The inclusion criteria involved studies published in English between 2013 and 2023, which investigated the correlation between vitamin D and testosterone levels in adult males. The process of data extraction and synthesis encompassed various aspects, including study characteristics, participant demographics, measurement methods, and outcomes pertaining to the association. The initial search resulted in a pool of 354,235 articles. Through the application of relevant filters and the review of titles and abstracts, 48 articles were chosen for further assessment. Out of these, eight studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were ultimately incorporated into the final review. The included studies consisted of four cross-sectional studies, three randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and one analysis utilizing Mendelian randomization. The results showed heterogeneity among the studies, as some reported a positive correlation between vitamin D levels and testosterone, while others did not find a significant association. The effects of vitamin D supplementation on testosterone levels were inconclusive, with limited evidence of significant changes in total testosterone. However, potential influences on sex hormone-binding globulin and free testosterone levels were observed. To establish more definitive evidence regarding the impact of vitamin D on testosterone levels, there is a need for further well-designed, long-term RCTs that encompass diverse populations.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cureus"}}},"pageStart":"e45856","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.45856","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.7759/cureus.45856"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37750061"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/physicians-need-education-about-fertility-awarenessbased-methods-ga8gwevf/","name":"Physicians Need Education About Fertility Awareness-Based Methods","headline":"Physicians Need Education About Fertility Awareness-Based Methods","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/physicians-need-education-about-fertility-awarenessbased-methods-ga8gwevf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marguerite Duane","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duquesne University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02336z538"}}],"datePublished":"2023-09-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"108","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American family physician"}}},"pageStart":"225","pageEnd":"226","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37725446"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-mismatch-in-supply-and-demand-reproductive-endocrinology-and-infertility-wor-ohfsnnbw/","name":"The mismatch in supply and demand: reproductive endocrinology and infertility workforce challenges and controversies","headline":"The mismatch in supply and demand: reproductive endocrinology and infertility workforce challenges and controversies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-mismatch-in-supply-and-demand-reproductive-endocrinology-and-infertility-wor-ohfsnnbw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Adeleye AJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kawwass JF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brauer A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Storment J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrizio P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Feinberg E"}],"datePublished":"2023-09-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"120","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3 Pt 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"403","pageEnd":"405","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2023.01.007","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2023.01.007"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36642303"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/exploring-the-complex-landscape-of-delayed-childbearing-factors-history-and-long-s8ldbtuw/","name":"Exploring the Complex Landscape of Delayed Childbearing: Factors, History, and Long-Term Implications","headline":"Exploring the Complex Landscape of Delayed Childbearing: Factors, History, and Long-Term Implications","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/exploring-the-complex-landscape-of-delayed-childbearing-factors-history-and-long-s8ldbtuw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Zabak S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Varma A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bansod S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pohane MR"}],"datePublished":"2023-09-01","abstract":"This review article delves into the intricate landscape of delayed childbearing, shedding light on the factors influencing individuals' decisions to postpone parenthood. In a world undergoing rapid social, economic, and technological transformations, the concept of when and why to become a parent has evolved significantly. We explore historical trends, societal norms, psychological dynamics, policy implications, and prospects surrounding delayed childbearing. This review underscores the diverse influences shaping this trend, from economic considerations and changing cultural perspectives to advancements in reproductive technologies and the complexities of work-life balance. By examining the emotional dimensions and long-term consequences, we comprehensively understand the implications for individuals, families, and societies. As we conclude, we emphasize the importance of addressing challenges and embracing opportunities to create a supportive environment for those navigating the complex decisions tied to delayed childbearing.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cureus"}}},"pageStart":"e46291","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.46291","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.7759/cureus.46291"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37915872"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/completion-of-fetal-anatomy-evaluations-in-women-with-body-mass-index-50-kgm2-rec4wdjykndjjbsar/","name":"Completion of Fetal Anatomy Evaluations in Women With Body Mass Index ≥  50 kg/m(2)","headline":"Completion of Fetal Anatomy Evaluations in Women With Body Mass Index ≥  50 kg/m(2)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/completion-of-fetal-anatomy-evaluations-in-women-with-body-mass-index-50-kgm2-rec4wdjykndjjbsar/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Erin S. Huntley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0107-6640","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Health Science Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05cwbxa29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Darren Sanchez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3206-3789","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Health Science Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05cwbxa29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Edgar Hernandez‐Andrade","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8656-3984","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences (UTHealth) McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston  Houston Texas USA"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bonnie Blackburn","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, and Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03gds6c39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cara Buskmiller","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1313-1192","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women’s Health, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Edgar Hernandez-Andrade","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4590-4831","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences (UTHealth), McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA."}}],"datePublished":"2023-08-30","abstract":"Objectives: As maternal body mass index (BMI) increases, fetal anatomy ultrasound becomes more challenging, less sensitive, and less likely to be complete. We sought to report our experience of incomplete evaluation of anatomy in patients with BMI of 50 kg/m(2) or greater.\n\nMethods: This is a retrospective cohort of singleton gestations in mothers with BMI of 50 kg/m(2) or greater, undergoing anatomy evaluations between 2017 and 2021 at 9 maternal-fetal-medicine sites in Houston, TX. Patient variables and scan results were collected throughout pregnancy to provide a longitudinal assessment of the primary outcome, completion rate (percent of all scans which optimally captured 24 American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine-recommended images). Secondary outcomes included the rate of optimal capture of each individual structure.\n\nResults: In total, 293 patients with BMI ≥50 kg/m(2) were identified. Only 28% of initial scans were complete, but over the entire pregnancy, a complete anatomic evaluation was achieved in 76% of women, largely due to weekly ultrasounds done for antenatal testing later in pregnancy. Neither BMI, placental location, nor amniotic fluid volume affected completion rate. The most difficult views are the outflow tracts, 4-chamber view, and spine.\n\nConclusions: One quarter of women with BMI of 50 kg/m(2) or greater will not have a complete fetal anatomic evaluation by the end of pregnancy, since even basic fetal anatomic views are technically challenging to complete. Solutions deserve further attention, and may include first trimester imaging, transvaginal imaging, and optimization of ultrasound machine settings.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"42","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine : Official Journal of the American Institute of  Ultrasound in Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"2839","pageEnd":"2844","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jum.16323","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/jum.16323"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37647313"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-sleep-pattern-duration-and-quality-on-premenstrual-syndrome-and-prima-jpbvvz05/","name":"Effects of sleep pattern, duration, and quality on premenstrual syndrome and primary dysmenorrhea in korean high school girls","headline":"Effects of sleep pattern, duration, and quality on premenstrual syndrome and primary dysmenorrhea in korean high school girls","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-sleep-pattern-duration-and-quality-on-premenstrual-syndrome-and-prima-jpbvvz05/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jeong D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hang Lee","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4974-1446","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jaekyoung Kim","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63"}}],"datePublished":"2023-08-28","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Sleep deprivation is known to be a risk factor for premenstrual syndrome and primary dysmenorrhea in adults. However, it has rarely been investigated in adolescents. The aim of this study was to investigate whether sleep pattern, duration, and quality independently affect premenstrual syndrome and primary dysmenorrhea in adolescent girls. An additional purpose was to investigate the sleep status in Korean adolescent girls during the COVID-19 pandemic.\n\nMETHODS: A cross-sectional survey study was conducted in 519 high school girls aged 15 to 18 years in Gyeonggido, South Korea, in 2021 during the COVID-19 lockdown. Menstrual pain intensity and menstrual symptoms were assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS) and Cox menstrual symptom scale (CMSS), respectively. Premenstrual syndrome was assessed by the premenstrual symptoms screening tool (PSST). Sleep was assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The known risk factors of dysmenorrhea, including menstrual and lifestyle characteristics and stress, were assessed as covariates.\n\nRESULTS: During the pandemic, approximately 68% of girls slept 7 h or less, while about 60% reported poor sleep quality. Additionally, 64% of participants had a bedtime later after 1AM, and 34% woke up later after 8AM. Late bedtime significantly affected VAS (P = 0.05), CMSS severity and frequency (both P < 0.01), and PSST symptom (P < 0.01). Waking up late affected CMSS severity (P < 0.05), PSST symptom (P = 0.05), and PSST function (P < 0.05). However, the significance of these effects disappeared after controlling for covariates. Sleeping less than 5 h affected CMSS frequency (P < 0.05) and PSST symptoms (P < 0.001). After controlling for covariates, the significance of the effect on PSST symptom remained (P < 0.05). General sleep quality and PSQI components, including subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep disturbance, use of sleeping medication, and daytime dysfunction, significantly affected CMSS frequency and severity and PSST symptom after controlling for covariates (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, or P < 0.001). The multiple regression analysis revealed that among sleep characteristics, sleep quality was the most important risk factor of premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea.\n\nCONCLUSION: Our study result heightens the importance of healthy sleep hygiene, especially sleep quality in the management of premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea in adolescent girls.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"23","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMC women's health"}}},"pageStart":"456","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-023-02600-z","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s12905-023-02600-z"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37641079"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/long-term-change-in-bone-mineral-density-in-women-living-with-hiv-a-10-year-pros-recg9mmxzsgqoatm6/","name":"Long-Term Change in Bone Mineral Density in Women Living With HIV: A 10-Year  Prospective Controlled Cohort Study","headline":"Long-Term Change in Bone Mineral Density in Women Living With HIV: A 10-Year  Prospective Controlled Cohort Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/long-term-change-in-bone-mineral-density-in-women-living-with-hiv-a-10-year-pros-recg9mmxzsgqoatm6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Heather M. Macdonald","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3022-9223","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Family Practice, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 5950 University Blvd, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada; Centre for Hip Health and Mobility, Vancouver ..."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Evelyn J Maan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5930-3514","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"B.C. Women's Hospital & Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c4nx247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hélène C F Côté","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0399-5141","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Health Research Institute, H214-4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia V6H 3N1, Canada; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Rm. G227 - 2211 Wesb...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0455vfz21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neora Pick","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4123-3698","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"B.C. Women's Hospital & Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c4nx247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"for the CIHR Team in Cellular Aging and HIV Comorbidities in Women and Children: CARMA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"CIHR Team in Cellular Aging and HIV Comorbidities in Women and Children: CARMA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudie Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5499-2661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Melanie C M Murray","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9538-2758","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oak Tree Clinic, BC Women's Hospital and Health Centre, 4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 0A7, Canada; Women's Health Research Institute, H214-4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia V6...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0455vfz21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2023-08-24","abstract":"Women living with HIV (WLWH) may be at higher risk for osteoporosis and fragility fractures. However, limited prospective data describe long-term trajectories of bone mineral density (BMD) in WLWH versus women without HIV. Thus, in this prospective study, we aimed to compare 10-year change in areal BMD (aBMD) between WLWH (n = 49; 36.8 ± 8.8 years; 96% pre/perimenopausal) and HIV-negative women (population-based controls; n = 49; 41.9 ± 9.2 years; 80% pre/perimenopausal). In an exploratory analysis, we compared fracture history between WLWH and controls. Outcomes were lumbar spine (L(1) to L(4)), total hip, and femoral neck aBMD at baseline and follow-up, which occurred at 13 and 10 years in WLWH and controls, respectively. We fit multivariable regression models to compare baseline and 10-year change in aBMD between groups, adjusting for osteoporosis risk factors. Within WLWH, we examined associations between aBMD and HIV-related factors, including combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) duration. WLWH were diagnosed 6.5 ± 3.7 years before baseline, 80% were on cART for 241 ± 142 weeks, and 49% had HIV plasma viral load <40 copies/mL. Before and after adjusting for osteoporosis risk factors, baseline and 10-year change in aBMD did not differ between WLWH and controls at any site. At baseline, more WLWH than controls reported a history of low-trauma fracture (30% versus 10%, p < 0.05) and major osteoporotic fracture (17% versus 4%, p < 0.05). During follow-up, the number of WLWH and controls with incident fragility fracture was not significantly different. Lifetime cART duration and tenofovir use were not associated with aBMD 10-year percent change. Higher CD4 count at baseline was positively associated with femoral neck aBMD 10-year percent change. Long-term aBMD change in this small WLWH cohort paralleled normal aging, with no evidence of influence from cART use; however, these results should be interpreted with caution given the small sample size. Larger cohort studies are needed to confirm these findings.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JBMR Plus"}}},"pageStart":"e10761","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm4.10761","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/jbm4.10761"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37614300"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/former-long-term-use-of-combined-hormonal-contraception-and-glucose-metabolism-d-rec6o5dg27gks7akc/","name":"Former long-term use of combined hormonal contraception and glucose metabolism  disorders in perimenopausal women: A prospective, population-based cohort study","headline":"Former long-term use of combined hormonal contraception and glucose metabolism  disorders in perimenopausal women: A prospective, population-based cohort study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/former-long-term-use-of-combined-hormonal-contraception-and-glucose-metabolism-d-rec6o5dg27gks7akc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mosorin ME"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tanja Nordström","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1170-9125","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oulu University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045ney286"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jari Jokelainen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4629-0560","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oulu University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045ney286"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Terhi Piltonen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9921-7300","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oulu University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045ney286"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Juha Auvinen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2067-4056","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oulu University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045ney286"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laure Morin‐Papunen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5987-7534","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oulu University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045ney286"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laure Morin-Papunen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2935-8332","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oulu University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Ostrobothnia, 90220 Oulu, Finland"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria-Elina Mosorin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4723-080X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oulu University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045ney286"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Meri-Maija Ollila","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6794-0369","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oulu University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045ney286"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Juha Tapanainen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3139-9128","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040af2s02"}}],"datePublished":"2023-08-12","abstract":"Introduction: Current use of combined hormonal contraceptives worsens glucose tolerance and increases the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus at late fertile age, but the impact of their former use on the risk of glucose metabolism disorders is still controversial.\n\nMATERIAL AND Methods: This was a prospective, longitudinal birth cohort study with long-term follow-up consisting of 5889 women. The cohort population has been followed at birth, and at ages of 1, 14, 31 and 46. In total, 3280 (55.7%) women were clinically examined and 2780 also underwent a 2-h oral glucose tolerance test at age 46. Glucose metabolism indices were analyzed in former combined hormonal contraceptive users (n = 1371) and former progestin-only contraceptive users (n = 52) and in women with no history of hormonal contraceptive use (n = 253).\n\nResults: Compared with women with no history of hormonal contraceptive use, those who formerly used combined hormonal contraceptives for over 10 years had an increased risk of prediabetes (odds ratio [OR] 3.9, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.6-9.2) but not of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Former progestin-only contraceptive use was not associated with any glucose metabolism disorders. The results persisted after adjusting for socioeconomic status, smoking, alcohol consumption, parity, body mass index and use of cholesterol-lowering medication.\n\nConclusions: Former long-term use of combined hormonal contraceptives was associated with a significantly increased risk of prediabetes in perimenopausal women, which potentially indicates a need of screening for glucose metabolism disorders in these women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"102","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica"}}},"pageStart":"1488","pageEnd":"1495","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aogs.14636","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/aogs.14636"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37568273"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/exploring-the-lived-experiences-of-debilitating-period-pain-management-in-the-uk-recofgaaamjtzfg4u/","name":"Exploring the lived experiences of debilitating period pain management in the UK","headline":"Exploring the lived experiences of debilitating period pain management in the UK","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/exploring-the-lived-experiences-of-debilitating-period-pain-management-in-the-uk-recofgaaamjtzfg4u/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Esther Murray","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8349-0054","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen Mary University of London","sameAs":"https://ror.org/026zzn846"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Parmis Vafapour","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3780-2459","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen Mary University of London","sameAs":"https://ror.org/026zzn846"}}],"datePublished":"2023-08-04","abstract":"Background: Five to ten percent of women experience period pains that disrupt their lives yet 4 in 5 women believe that their claims for their dysmenorrhea are not taken seriously. Within the process of seeking support and understanding about their pain, they face various barriers that prevent them from finding the answers they deserve.\n\nMethods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 8 women aged 20-28 to discuss their experiences with dysmenorrhea throughout their time since menarche.\n\nResults: Using Scheper-Hughes and Lock understanding of the mindful body, this research explores women's experiences of dysmenorrhea through their physical body (relationship with the body and needing control), the social body (cultural concepts and comparisons to others) and the body politic (medicalisation, the medical team and the transvaginal ultrasound).\n\nConclusions: The impact of these aspects of their mindful bodies developed arguments showing how different actors had an impact on preventing them obtaining the patient-centred care they required without resistance. More must be done to honour the experience of pain women have regarding their periods, especially by healthcare professionals. There must be consistency in the way women are approached for their dysmenorrhea to prevent discrepancies of support. This must be done with clearer guidance on what is offered to women with dysmenorrhea, especially in the primary care setting.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British Journal of Pain"}}},"pageStart":"408","pageEnd":"419","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20494637231172674","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/20494637231172674"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37538945"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-of-stroke-hospitalization-after-infertility-treatment-a9juhmaf/","name":"Risk of Stroke Hospitalization After Infertility Treatment","headline":"Risk of Stroke Hospitalization After Infertility Treatment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-of-stroke-hospitalization-after-infertility-treatment-a9juhmaf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sachdev D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yamada R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lee R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M V Sauer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8173-6340","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ananth CV"}],"datePublished":"2023-08-01","abstract":"IMPORTANCE: Stroke accounts for 7% of pregnancy-related deaths in the US. As the use of infertility treatment is increasing, many studies have sought to characterize the association of infertility treatment with the risk of stroke with mixed results.\n\nOBJECTIVE: To evaluate the risk of hospitalization from hemorrhagic and ischemic strokes in patients who underwent infertility treatment.\n\nDESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This population-based, retrospective cohort study used data abstracted from the Nationwide Readmissions Database, which stores data from all-payer hospital inpatient stays from 28 states across the US, from 2010 and 2018. Eligible participants included individuals aged 15 to 54 who had a hospital delivery from January to November in a given calendar year, and any subsequent hospitalizations from January to December in the same calendar year of delivery during the study period. Statistical analysis was performed between November 2022 and April 2023.\n\nEXPOSURE: Hospital delivery after infertility treatment (ie, intrauterine insemination, assisted reproductive technology, fertility preservation procedures, or use of a gestational carrier) or after spontaneous conception.\n\nMAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The primary outcome was hospitalization for nonfatal stroke (either ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke) within the first calendar year after delivery. Secondary outcomes included risk of stroke hospitalization at less than 30 days, less than 60 days, less than 90 days, and less than 180 days post partum. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate associations, which were expressed as hazard ratios (HRs), adjusted for confounders. Effect size estimates were corrected for biases due to exposure misclassification, selection, and unmeasured confounding through a probabilistic bias analysis.\n\nRESULTS: Of 31 339 991 patients, 287 813 (0.9%; median [IQR] age, 32.1 [28.5-35.8] years) underwent infertility treatment and 31 052 178 (99.1%; median [IQR] age, 27.7 [23.1-32.0] years) delivered after spontaneous conception. The rate of stroke hospitalization within 12 months of delivery was 37 hospitalizations per 100 000 people (105 patients) among those who received infertility treatment and 29 hospitalizations per 100 000 people (9027 patients) among those who delivered after spontaneous conception (rate difference, 8 hospitalizations per 100 000 people; 95% CI, -6 to 21 hospitalizations per 100 000 people; HR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.17 to 2.35). The risk of hospitalization for hemorrhagic stroke (adjusted HR, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.13 to 3.61) was greater than that for ischemic stroke (adjusted HR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.01 to 2.39). The risk of stroke hospitalization increased as the time between delivery and hospitalization for stroke increased, particularly for hemorrhagic strokes. In general, these associations became larger for hemorrhagic stroke and smaller for ischemic stroke following correction for biases.\n\nCONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this cohort study, infertility treatment was associated with an increased risk of stroke-related hospitalization within 12 months of delivery; this risk was evident as early as 30 days after delivery. Timely follow-up in the immediate days post partum and continued long-term follow-up should be considered to mitigate stroke risk.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA network open"}}},"pageStart":"e2331470","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.31470","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.31470"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37647063"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-of-vaginal-estrogen-for-recurrent-urinary-tract-infection-prevention-in-lxrq8g82/","name":"Efficacy of vaginal estrogen for recurrent urinary tract infection prevention in hypoestrogenic women","headline":"Efficacy of vaginal estrogen for recurrent urinary tract infection prevention in hypoestrogenic women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-of-vaginal-estrogen-for-recurrent-urinary-tract-infection-prevention-in-lxrq8g82/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Tan-Kim J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shah NM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Do D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Menefee SA"}],"datePublished":"2023-08-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Vaginal estrogen is considered to be the standard of care for recurrent urinary tract infection prevention in women with hypoestrogenism. However, literature supporting its use is limited to small clinical trials with narrow generalizability.\n\nOBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the association between vaginal estrogen prescription and the frequency of urinary tract infections over the following year in a diverse population of women with hypoestrogenism. Secondary objectives included evaluation of medication adherence and predictors of postprescription urinary tract infection.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: This multicenter retrospective review included women who were prescribed vaginal estrogen for the indication of recurrent urinary tract infection from January 2009 through December 2019. Recurrent urinary tract infection was defined as having ≥3 positive urine cultures (separated by at least 14 days) in the 12 months preceding the index vaginal estrogen prescription. Patients were asked to fill their prescriptions and continue care within Kaiser Permanente Southern California system for at least 1 year. Exclusion criteria included anatomic abnormalities, malignancy, or mesh erosion of the genitourinary tract. Data on demographics, medical comorbidities, and surgical history were collected. Adherence was captured through refill data after the index prescription. Low adherence was defined as no refills; moderate adherence was defined as 1 refill; high adherence was defined as ≥2 refills. Data were abstracted from the electronic medical record system using the pharmacy database and diagnosis codes. A paired t test was used to compare pre- and postprescription urinary tract infections over the year preceding and following the vaginal estrogen prescription. A multivariate negative binomial regression was used to evaluate predictors of postprescription urinary tract infection.\n\nRESULTS: The cohort included 5638 women with a mean (±standard deviation) age of 70.4 (±11.9) years, body mass index of 28.5 (±6.3) kg/m2, and baseline urinary tract infection frequency of 3.9 (±1.3). Most of the participants were White (59.9%) or Hispanic (29.7%) and postmenopausal (93.4%). The mean urinary tract infection frequency in the year following the index prescription decreased to 1.8 (P<.001) from 3.9 in the year preceding the prescription, which is a 51.9% reduction. During the 12 months after the index prescription, 55.3% of patients experienced ≤1 urinary tract infections, and 31.4% experienced no urinary tract infections. Significant predictors of postprescription urinary tract infection included age of 75 to 84 years (incident rate ratio, 1.24; 95% confidence interval, 1.05-1.46) and >85 years (1.41; 1.17-1.68), increased baseline urinary tract infection frequency (1.22; 1.19-1.24), urinary incontinence (1.14; 1.07-1.21), urinary retention (1.21; 1.10-1.33), diabetes mellitus (1.14; 1.07-1.21), and moderate (1.32; 1.23-1.42) or high medication adherence (1.33; 1.24-1.42). Patients with high medication adherence demonstrated more frequent postprescription urinary tract infections than patients with low adherence (2.2 vs 1.6; P<.0001).\n\nCONCLUSION: In this retrospective review of 5600 women with hypoestrogenism who were prescribed vaginal estrogen for the prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections, the frequency of urinary tract infection decreased by more than 50% in the following year. Baseline urinary tract infection frequency, increasing age, urinary incontinence or retention, and diabetes were associated with an increased risk of postprescription urinary tract infection. The paradoxical finding that women with moderate and high medication adherence experienced the lowest-magnitude reduction in urinary tract infection frequency may represent unobserved selection or unmeasured confounding.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"229","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American journal of obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"143.e1-143.e9","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2023.05.002","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ajog.2023.05.002"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37178856"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/characteristics-and-health-risks-of-population-exposure-to-phthalates-via-the-us-rmfxdbxz/","name":"Characteristics and health risks of population exposure to phthalates via the use of face towels","headline":"Characteristics and health risks of population exposure to phthalates via the use of face towels","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/characteristics-and-health-risks-of-population-exposure-to-phthalates-via-the-us-rmfxdbxz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhang, De Wei","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8369-9264"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zheng N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shu Wang"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shi-Ran Sun","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wuhan Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01f0rgv52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"An Q"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xike Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0019-4197","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Z Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3576-5973","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jv2qv86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ji Y"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yuhua Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3842-475X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fb35g87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jie-Xue Pan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7125-9608","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884"}}],"datePublished":"2023-08-01","abstract":"The production of face towels is growing at an annual rate of about 4% in China, reaching 1.13 million tons by 2021. Phthalates (PAEs) are widely used in textiles, and face towels, as an important household textile, may expose people to PAEs via the skin, further leading to health risks. We collected new face towels and analyzed the distribution characterization of PAEs in them. The changes of PAEs were explored in a face towel use experiment and a simulated laundry experiment. Based on the use of face towels by 24 volunteers, we calculated the estimated daily intake (EDI) and comprehensively assessed the hazard quotient (HQ), hazard index (HI), and dermal cancer risk (DCR) of PAEs exposure in the population. PAEs were present in new face towels at total concentrations of <MDL-2388 ng/g, with a median of 173.2 ng/g, which was a lower contamination level compared with other textiles. PAE contents in used face towels were significantly higher than in new face towels. The concentrations of PAEs in coral velvet were significantly higher than those in cotton. Water washing removed some PAEs, while detergent washing increased the PAE content on face towels. Gender, weight, use time, and material were the main factors affecting EDI. The HQ and HI were less than 1, which proved PAEs had no significant non-carcinogenic health risks. Among the five target PAEs studied, DEHP was the only carcinogenic PAE and may cause potential health risks after long-term exposure. Therefore, we should pay more attention to DEHP.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"130","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Environmental Sciences"}},"pageStart":"1","pageEnd":"13","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2022.10.016","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jes.2022.10.016"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nonregulated-aromatic-amines-in-clothing-purchased-in-spain-and-brazil-screening-uhqp4hdg/","name":"Non-regulated aromatic amines in clothing purchased in Spain and Brazil: Screening-level exposure and health impact assessment","headline":"Non-regulated aromatic amines in clothing purchased in Spain and Brazil: Screening-level exposure and health impact assessment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nonregulated-aromatic-amines-in-clothing-purchased-in-spain-and-brazil-screening-uhqp4hdg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marília Cristina Oliveira Souza","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2947-992X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade de São Paulo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036rp1748"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"González N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Herrero M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marquès M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joaquim Rovira","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0212-9353","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitat Rovira i Virgili","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g5sqv46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"José L Domingo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9470","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitat Rovira i Virgili","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g5sqv46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Barbosa F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Martí Nadal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1974-6836","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitat Rovira i Virgili","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g5sqv46"}}],"datePublished":"2023-08-01","abstract":"The staggering amount of chemicals in clothes and their harmful effects on human health and the environment have attracted the attention of regulatory agencies and the scientific community worldwide. Azo dyes are synthetic dyestuffs with widespread use in textile industries, currently classified as emerging pollutants of great health concern to consumers. These compounds may release one or more aromatic amines (AAs) after reductive cleavage of their azo bounds. Twenty-two AAs have already been regulated due to their carcinogenic effects. However, since information on their potential toxicity is not currently available, several AAs have not been still regulated by the European Union. Considering this gap, the present study aimed to assess the levels of forty non-regulated AAs in 240 clothing items from Spain and Brazil. The potential impact on the health of vulnerable population groups after dermal exposure to those garments was also evaluated. In Brazil, at least one AA was detected in the clothes, while in samples obtained in Spain, only two of them showed values below the limit of detection for AAs. In 75 clothes, at least one of the measured AAs was higher than the hazardous threshold (30 mg/kg), which can mean risks to human health since these compounds are suspected to be mutagenic. Aniline, the most common AA, showed a high detection rate (82%) in clothes, with significantly higher concentrations in items commercialized in Brazil (0.35 vs. 0.17 mg/kg; p = 0.032). Moreover, o-aminobenzenesulfonic and p-phenylenediamine, suspected mutagenic, were found at relevant concentrations in several clothes, mainly made of synthetic fibers. In this study, the hazard index associated with exposure to AAs through clothing was low (0.006-0.13) for all the population groups of both countries in the medium-bound scenario. However, its value was close to 1 for Brazilian pregnant women (0.998) when the maximum concentration value was considered under an upper-bound scenario. The risk of exposure to non-regulated AAs may be underestimated since only dermal exposure was considered for risk assessment. Moreover, the co-occurrence of other carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic substances present in skin-contact clothes should mean an additional source of potential risk.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"339","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Environmental Management"}},"pageStart":"117905","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117905","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117905"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/contemporary-evaluation-of-women-and-girls-with-abnormal-uterine-bleeding-figo-s-eojg4ci0/","name":"Contemporary evaluation of women and girls with abnormal uterine bleeding: FIGO Systems 1 and 2","headline":"Contemporary evaluation of women and girls with abnormal uterine bleeding: FIGO Systems 1 and 2","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/contemporary-evaluation-of-women-and-girls-with-abnormal-uterine-bleeding-figo-s-eojg4ci0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jain V","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7680-5660"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Malcolm G Munro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2998-6961","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaiser Permanente West Los Angeles Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/031caxb92"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hilary Critchley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1913-4044","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Edinburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90"}}],"datePublished":"2023-08-01","abstract":"Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is common, often debilitating, and may affect over 50% of reproductive-aged women and girls. Whereas AUB is a collection of symptoms that include intermenstrual bleeding and abnormalities in period duration, cycle length, and regularity, it is heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) that is most contributory to iron deficiency and related anemia. It is apparent that AUB, in general, and HMB, in particular, remain underrecognized and underreported. FIGO created two systems for assessing and classifying AUB. FIGO System 1 defines the bleeding pattern using four primary descriptors: frequency, duration, regularity, and flow volume. FIGO System 2 provides a structured classification system of possible causes of AUB, using the acronym PALM-COEIN. \"PALM\" refers to structural causes of AUB (Polyp, Adenomyosis, Leiomyoma, Malignancy), and \"COEI\" refers to nonstructural causes (Coagulopathy, Ovulatory dysfunction, Endometrial, and Iatrogenic). The \"N\" is reserved for those entities that are currently not otherwise classified. Using FIGO System 1 as a gateway to FIGO System 2 streamlines the investigation of reproductive-aged women and girls with AUB. Understanding the pathogenesis of the FIGO System 2 \"PALM-COEIN\" causes helps interpret investigations and the onward management of AUB. Numerous evidence gaps exist concerning AUB; however, if researchers and trialists universally adopt FIGO Systems 1 and 2 for the assessment and diagnosis of AUB, clear translatable research findings can be applied globally.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"162 Suppl 2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"Suppl 2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics"}}},"pageStart":"29","pageEnd":"42","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijgo.14946","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/ijgo.14946"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37538019"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/folic-acid-supplementation-to-prevent-neural-tube-defects-us-preventive-services-v7vwdqkw/","name":"Folic Acid Supplementation to Prevent Neural Tube Defects","headline":"Folic Acid Supplementation to Prevent Neural Tube Defects","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/folic-acid-supplementation-to-prevent-neural-tube-defects-us-preventive-services-v7vwdqkw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Barry MJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nicholson WK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Silverstein M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chelmow D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Coker TR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Davis EM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Donahue KE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jaén CR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lin Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0312-4801","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jiangsu Province Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04py1g812"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ogedegbe G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rao G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ruiz JM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stevermer J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tsevat J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Underwood SM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wong JB"}],"datePublished":"2023-08-01","abstract":"Importance: Neural tube defects are among the most common congenital malformations in the US, with an estimated 3000 pregnancies affected each year. Many of these neural tube defects are caused by low folate levels in the body.\n\nObjective: The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a reaffirmation evidence update on the benefits and harms of folic acid supplementation.\n\nPopulation: Persons who are planning to or could become pregnant.Evidence AssessmentThe USPSTF concludes that, for persons who are planning to or could become pregnant, there is high certainty that folic acid supplementation has a substantial net benefit to prevent neural tube defects in their offspring.RecommendationThe USPSTF recommends that all persons planning to or who could become pregnant take a daily supplement containing 0.4 to 0.8 mg (400 to 800 μg) of folic acid. (A recommendation)","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"330","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA"}}},"pageStart":"454","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2023.12876","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jama.2023.12876"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dont-ignore-perimenopause-rec9j365sx8ykha85/","name":"Don't ignore perimenopause","headline":"Don't ignore perimenopause","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dont-ignore-perimenopause-rec9j365sx8ykha85/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sonia Shirin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7866-3419","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Georgina E. Hale","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Health Research Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0455vfz21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Azita Goshtasebi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine L Hitchcock","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation Research, Division of Endocrinology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2023-07-31","abstract":"We agree with Lega and colleagues[1][1] that menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) has been shown in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to be effective and safe for treating problematic vasomotor symptoms related to menopause. We also agree that treating menopausal vasomotor symptoms is important to","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"195","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"29","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne"}}},"pageStart":"E987","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.148952-l","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1503/cmaj.148952-l"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37524397"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/global-prevalence-of-sexual-dysfunction-among-women-with-metabolic-syndrome-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis-rectn7o2orhgec8lc/","name":"Global prevalence of sexual dysfunction among women with metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis","headline":"Global prevalence of sexual dysfunction among women with metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/global-prevalence-of-sexual-dysfunction-among-women-with-metabolic-syndrome-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis-rectn7o2orhgec8lc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Nader Salari","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3550-405X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vspf741"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mona Moradi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9403-0064","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vspf741"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amin Hosseinian‐Far","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2534-9044","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Northampton","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04jp2hx10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amin Hosseinian-Far","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8406-4041","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Business Systems & Operations, University of Northampton, Northampton, UK."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yassaman Khodayari","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vspf741"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Masoud Mohammadi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2393-8849","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Gerash University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03f754t19"}}],"datePublished":"2023-07-28","abstract":"Background: Sexual dysfunction is a common disorder among women, especially during menopause. Metabolic syndrome is a multifactorial disease that, according to previous studies, there is a relationship between the metabolic syndrome and sexual dysfunction among women. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to obtain the prevalence of Female Sexual Dysfunction (FSD) among women with metabolic syndrome, and to analyze available related evidence.\n\nMethods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, the keywords of MeSH, female sexual dysfunction, FSD, metabolic syndrome were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct and Google Scholar. The searches were conducted without a lower time limit and until May 2022.\n\nResults: The prevalence of FSD among women with metabolic syndrome was found to be 39.3% (95% CI: 28.3-51.5). In the subgroup analysis and in the review of 4 studies, the prevalence of sexual dysfunction in postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome was 49.8% (95% CI: 26.1-73.6). Analyzing the results of the meta-regression test in examining the effect of the three factors of sample size, year of the study, age, and BMI of the patients on the heterogeneity of the meta-analysis, showed that with the increase of the sample size, the prevalence of sexual dysfunction among women with metabolic syndrome decreases (p < 0.05). Moreover, the prevalence of sexual dysfunction among women with metabolic syndrome increases (p < 0.05) with the increase in the years of conducting studies and the mean of age of women with metabolic syndrome. Also, with increasing mean of BMI of female patients with metabolic syndrome, the prevalence of sexual dysfunction in these women also increases (p < 0.05).\n\nConclusion: Female sexual dysfunction is a global health problem that can affect women's life to a great extent. Metabolic syndrome, which is a set of factors such as obesity, high blood pressure, and diabetes, affects sexual dysfunction in women. From this study, it can be concluded that there is a close relationship between metabolic syndrome and female sexual dysfunction.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders"}}},"pageStart":"1011","pageEnd":"1019","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40200-023-01267-5","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s40200-023-01267-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37975075"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-utilization-of-low-dose-naltrexone-for-chronic-pain-xexywnge/","name":"The Utilization of Low Dose Naltrexone for Chronic Pain","headline":"The Utilization of Low Dose Naltrexone for Chronic Pain","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-utilization-of-low-dose-naltrexone-for-chronic-pain-xexywnge/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Poliwoda S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Noss B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Truong GTD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Creech ZA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Koushik SS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Urits I"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Viswanath O"}],"datePublished":"2023-07-28","abstract":"Naltrexone is a mu-opioid receptor antagonist with a long half-life compared with naloxone. Both of these drugs, along with others, were developed with the intention of reversing the effects of opioid abuse or toxicity. Evidence has also shown that naltrexone has a benefit in preventing relapse by reducing opioid cravings and reducing symptoms of opioid withdrawal. The benefits of this drug were not only shown with opioid abuse. In 1984 this drug was also approved for alcohol abuse. Naltrexone has been proven to decrease alcohol relapse by decreasing the craving. Apart from these approved indications for the use of naltrexone, with time, it has been seen that this drug has a benefit in treating chronic pain. A number of studies have shown the benefits of this drug with inflammatory bowel disease, fibromyalgia, multiple sclerosis, diabetic neuropathy, and complex regional pain syndrome, among others. More studies are needed to approve this medication for specific chronic pain conditions.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"37","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"CNS Drugs"}}},"pageStart":"663","pageEnd":"670","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40263-023-01018-3","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s40263-023-01018-3"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/womens-health-hormonal-balance-and-personal-autonomy-receav0hzsv7jdzbp/","name":"Women's health, hormonal balance, and personal autonomy","headline":"Women's health, hormonal balance, and personal autonomy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/womens-health-hormonal-balance-and-personal-autonomy-receav0hzsv7jdzbp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ignacio Segarra","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8721-2393","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad de Murcia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03p3aeb86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"María Victoria Roqué","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1876-9067","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad Católica de Murcia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05b1rsv17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Micaela Menárguez","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad Católica de Murcia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05b1rsv17"}}],"datePublished":"2023-07-17","abstract":"Hormone-based contraception disrupts hormonal balance, creating artificial states of anovulation and threatening women's health. We reviewed its main adverse effects and mechanisms on accelerated ovarian aging, mental health (emotional disruptions, depression, and suicide), sexuality (reduced libido), cardiovascular (brain stroke, myocardial infarction, hypertension, and thrombosis), and oncological (breast, cervical, and endometrial cancers). Other \"collateral damage\" includes negative effects on communication, scientific mistrust, poor physician-patient relationships, increased patient burden, economic drain on the healthcare system, and environmental pollution. Hormone-sensitive tumors present a dilemma owing to their potential dual effects: preventing some cancers vs. higher risk for others remains controversial, with denial or dismissal as non-relevant adverse effects, information avoidance, and modification of scientific criteria. This lack of clinical assessment poses challenges to women's health and their right to autonomy. Overcoming these challenges requires an anthropological integration of sexuality, as the focus on genital bodily union alone fails to encompass the intimate relational expression of individuals, complete sexual satisfaction, and the intertwined feelings of trust, safety, tenderness, and endorsement of women's femininity.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Medicine"}},"pageStart":"1167504","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2023.1167504","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fmed.2023.1167504"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37457571"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-doctrine-of-double-effect-ethical-analysis-and-implications-recqcwewc1jejyikj/","name":"The Doctrine of Double Effect: Ethical Analysis and Implications","headline":"The Doctrine of Double Effect: Ethical Analysis and Implications","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-doctrine-of-double-effect-ethical-analysis-and-implications-recqcwewc1jejyikj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"McIntyre A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3375-9629","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Antioch University Seattle"}}],"datePublished":"2023-07-17","abstract":"The doctrine (or principle) of double effect is often invoked to explain the permissibility of an action that causes a serious harm, such as the death of a human being, as a side effect of promoting some good end. According to the principle of double effect, sometimes it is permissible to cause a harm as a side effect (or “double effect”) of bringing about a good result even though it would not be permissible to cause such a harm as a means to bringing about the same good end.","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-oocyte-and-embryo-quality-rec14rcjibqlsecrd/","name":"Endometriosis, Oocyte, and Embryo Quality","headline":"Endometriosis, Oocyte, and Embryo Quality","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-oocyte-and-embryo-quality-rec14rcjibqlsecrd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sania Latif","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7395-9289","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University College Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wrevg56"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ertan Saridogan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9736-4107","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"John Radcliffe Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0080acb59"}}],"datePublished":"2023-07-14","abstract":"Endometriosis is a common finding among women with infertility, and women who are diagnosed with endometriosis are almost twice as likely to experience infertility. Mechanisms by which endometriosis causes infertility remain poorly understood. In this review, we evaluate the current literature on the impact of endometriosis on oocyte and embryo quality. The presence of endometriosis evidently reduces ovarian reserve, oocyte quality, and embryo quality; however, this does not appear to translate to a clear clinical impact. Analysis of data from large assisted reproduction technology registries has shown that women with endometriosis have a lower oocyte yield but no reduction in reproductive outcomes. There is a need for future studies in the form of well-designed randomized controlled trials to further evaluate the role of surgical and medical treatment options in women with endometriosis undergoing assisted conception.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"4186","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12134186","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/jcm12134186"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37445220"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cardiovascular-safety-of-testosteronereplacement-therapy-aitjfklm/","name":"Cardiovascular Safety of Testosterone-Replacement Therapy","headline":"Cardiovascular Safety of Testosterone-Replacement Therapy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cardiovascular-safety-of-testosteronereplacement-therapy-aitjfklm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Lincoff AM, Bhasin S, Flevaris P, Mitchell LM, Basaria S, Boden WE, Cunningham GR, Granger CB, Khera M, Thompson IM Jr, Wang Q, Wolski K, Davey D, Kalahasti V, Khan N, Miller MG, Snabes MC, Chan A, Dubcenco E, Li X, Yi T, Huang B, Pencina KM, Travison TG, Nissen SE, TRAVERSE Study Investigators"}],"datePublished":"2023-07-13","abstract":"BACKGROUND: The cardiovascular safety of testosterone-replacement therapy in middle-aged and older men with hypogonadism has not been determined.\n\nMETHODS: In a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, noninferiority trial, we enrolled 5246 men 45 to 80 years of age who had preexisting or a high risk of cardiovascular disease and who reported symptoms of hypogonadism and had two fasting testosterone levels of less than 300 ng per deciliter. Patients were randomly assigned to receive daily transdermal 1.62% testosterone gel (dose adjusted to maintain testosterone levels between 350 and 750 ng per deciliter) or placebo gel. The primary cardiovascular safety end point was the first occurrence of any component of a composite of death from cardiovascular causes, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or nonfatal stroke, assessed in a time-to-event analysis. A secondary cardiovascular end point was the first occurrence of any component of the composite of death from cardiovascular causes, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or coronary revascularization, assessed in a time-to-event analysis. Noninferiority required an upper limit of less than 1.5 for the 95% confidence interval of the hazard ratio among patients receiving at least one dose of testosterone or placebo.\n\nRESULTS: The mean (±SD) duration of treatment was 21.7±14.1 months, and the mean follow-up was 33.0±12.1 months. A primary cardiovascular end-point event occurred in 182 patients (7.0%) in the testosterone group and in 190 patients (7.3%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.96; 95% confidence interval, 0.78 to 1.17; P<0.001 for noninferiority). Similar findings were observed in sensitivity analyses in which data on events were censored at various times after discontinuation of testosterone or placebo. The incidence of secondary end-point events or of each of the events of the composite primary cardiovascular end point appeared to be similar in the two groups. A higher incidence of atrial fibrillation, of acute kidney injury, and of pulmonary embolism was observed in the testosterone group.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: In men with hypogonadism and preexisting or a high risk of cardiovascular disease, testosterone-replacement therapy was noninferior to placebo with respect to the incidence of major adverse cardiac events. (Funded by AbbVie and others; TRAVERSE ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03518034.).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"389","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England journal of medicine"}}},"pageStart":"107","pageEnd":"117","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2215025","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120691842"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJMoa2215025"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37326322"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q120691842"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/incidence-prevalence-and-trends-in-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-diagnosis-a-united--a5hjkrtu/","name":"Incidence, prevalence, and trends in polycystic ovary syndrome diagnosis: a United States population-based study from 2006 to 2019","headline":"Incidence, prevalence, and trends in polycystic ovary syndrome diagnosis: a United States population-based study from 2006 to 2019","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/incidence-prevalence-and-trends-in-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-diagnosis-a-united--a5hjkrtu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yu O","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7790-8135"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christ JP","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1143-2127"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Schulze-Rath R","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4589-7213"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Covey J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kelley A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Grafton J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cronkite D","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2797-5102"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Holden E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hilpert J","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5946-1544"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sacher F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Micks E","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5190-3814"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan D Reed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7532-3785","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}}],"datePublished":"2023-07-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Polycystic ovary syndrome is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age, yet US incidence estimates do not exist, and prevalence estimates vary widely.\n\nOBJECTIVE: A population-based US study estimated the incidence, prevalence, and trends of polycystic ovary syndrome by age, race and ethnicity, and diagnosing provider type.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: A retrospective cohort study of patients enrolled in Kaiser Permanente Washington from 2006 to 2019 was conducted. All members identified as female, aged 16 to 40 years with at least 3 years of enrollment and at least 1 healthcare encounter during that time, were eligible for inclusion. Individuals were excluded if they had a history of oophorectomy or hysterectomy. Polycystic ovary syndrome cases were identified using the International Classification of Diseases diagnosis codes (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, 256.4 or International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, E28.2). Individuals with a polycystic ovary syndrome diagnosis before study entry were excluded from incidence rate estimations. The incidence rates were adjusted by age using direct standardization to the 2010 US census data. Temporal trends in incidence were assessed using weighted linear regression (overall) and Poisson regression (by age, race and ethnicity, and provider type). Prevalent cases were defined as patients with a polycystic ovary syndrome diagnosis at any time before the end of 2019. Medical record review of 700 incident cases diagnosed in 2011-2019 was performed to validate incident cases identified by International Classification of Diseases codes using the Rotterdam criteria.\n\nRESULTS: Among 177,527 eligible patients who contributed 586,470 person-years, 2491 incident polycystic ovary syndrome cases were identified. The mean age at diagnosis was 26.9 years, and the mean body mass index was 31.6 kg/m2. Overall incidence was 42.5 per 10,000 person-years; the rates were similar over time but increased in individuals aged 16 to 20 years from 31.0 to 51.9 per 10,000 person-years (P=.01) and decreased among those aged 26 to 30 years from 82.8 to 45.0 per 10,000 person-years (P=.02). A small decreasing temporal trend in incidence rates was only observed among non-Hispanic White individuals (P=.01). The incidence rates by diagnosing provider type varied little over time. Among the 58,241 patients who contributed person-time in 2019, 3036 (5.2%) had a polycystic ovary syndrome International Classification of Diseases diagnosis code; the prevalence was the highest among the Hawaiian and Pacific Islander group (7.6%) followed by Native American and Hispanic groups. Medical record review classified 60% as definite or probable incident, 14% as possible incident, and 17% as prevalent polycystic ovary syndrome. The overall positive predictive value of polycystic ovary syndrome International Classification of Diseases diagnosis code for identifying definite, probable, or possible incident polycystic ovary syndrome was 76% (95% confidence interval, 72%-79%).\n\nCONCLUSION: Among a cohort of nonselected females in the United States, we observed stable rates of incident polycystic ovary syndrome diagnoses over time. The incidence of polycystic ovary syndrome was 4- to 5-fold greater than reported for the United Kingdom. The prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome (5.2%) was almost double before the published US estimates (2.9%) based on the International Classification of Diseases codes. Race and ethnicity and provider type did not seem to have a major impact on temporal rates. Incident diagnoses increased over time in younger and decreased in older age groups, perhaps related to shifting practice patterns with greater awareness among practitioners of the impact of polycystic ovary syndrome on long-term health outcomes and improved prevention efforts. Moreover, increasing obesity rates may be a factor driving the earlier ages at diagnosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"229","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American journal of obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"39.e1-39.e12","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2023.04.010","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ajog.2023.04.010"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37061077"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluation-of-a-fertility-awareness-based-shared-decision-making-tool-part-2-pat-recipyunx32fgtq6a/","name":"Evaluation of a fertility awareness-based shared decision-making tool part 2:  Patient experiences","headline":"Evaluation of a fertility awareness-based shared decision-making tool part 2:  Patient experiences","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluation-of-a-fertility-awareness-based-shared-decision-making-tool-part-2-pat-recipyunx32fgtq6a/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Virginia Martinez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2648-8886","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Public Knowledge","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04fd1ra95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael D Manhart","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1727-1846","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"RTI International","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052tfza37"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Meghan Berry","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0260-2585","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Public Knowledge","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04fd1ra95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marguerite Duane","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duquesne University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02336z538"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarah Gilpatrick","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Public Knowledge","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04fd1ra95"}}],"datePublished":"2023-06-29","abstract":"Objective: To assess patient experiences using a Shared Decision-Making (SDM) Tool for fertility awareness-based methods (FABMs) of family planning.\n\nMethods: The study employed a prospective crossover design to evaluate impact of the SDM tool compared to usual practice when discussing FABMs with patients. Patients completed preand post-office visit surveys and an online survey six months later. The primary outcomes evaluated the effect of the SDM tool on patient satisfaction and FABM continuity of use rates.\n\nResults: There was no significant difference in likelihood of changing family planning methods immediately after the office visit; however, by six months a significantly larger proportion of patients had started or changed FABMs in the experimental group (52%, 34/66) compared to the control group (36%, 24/66) (p = 0.04). Significantly more patients who used the tool and changed their FABM after their visit reported increased satisfaction with their FABM compared to control (50% vs. 17%, p = 0.022).\n\nConclusions: Use of the SDM tool increased persistent use of and satisfaction with chosen FABMs at six months. INNOVATIONS: The novel SDM tool can enhance patients' understanding and facilitate the selection of a more suitable method leading to increased satisfaction.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"PEC Innovation"}},"pageStart":"100169","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecinn.2023.100169","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q140394948"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.pecinn.2023.100169"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37384150"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q140394948"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-optimal-time-for-laparoscopic-excision-of-ovarian-endometrioma-a-prospective-rec4vsb4efgco6mfz/","name":"The optimal time for laparoscopic excision of ovarian endometrioma: a prospective  randomized controlled trial","headline":"The optimal time for laparoscopic excision of ovarian endometrioma: a prospective  randomized controlled trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-optimal-time-for-laparoscopic-excision-of-ovarian-endometrioma-a-prospective-rec4vsb4efgco6mfz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Qing Wu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7248-9755","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wadsworth Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/050kf9c55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yanling Lin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2354-7676","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fujian Provincial Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045wzwx52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lin Wu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6729-2269","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0006swh35"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tan Lin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7694-1526","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fujian Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/050s6ns64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qingmei Yang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2309-2402","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03k14e164"}}],"datePublished":"2023-06-28","abstract":"Objective: This study aimed to explore the optimal time of laparoscopic cystectomy for unilateral ovarian endometrioma patients and evaluate the influence on ovarian reserve.\n\nMaterials and Methods: This prospective randomized controlled study included 88 women with unilateral ovarian endometrioma at a tertiary teaching hospital. All patients received their first identified diagnosis of ovarian endometrioma by ultrasound (> 4 cm and ≤ 10 cm) and were administered an oral contraceptive pill (OC) for one cycle before laparoscopy. They were randomly divided into two groups: laparoscopy at the late luteal phase (group LLP) (n = 44) (termination of OC for two days) and laparoscopy at the early follicular phase (group EFP) (n = 44) (day 3 after menstruation). Basic clinical characteristics were recorded. Serum Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels were measured at various times to predict ovarian reserve. Serum levels of Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) were measured at several time sites to predict the ovarian reserve; AMH and leukocyte esterase (LE) levels of the endometrioma wall were measured.\n\nResults: Before surgery, serum AMH levels decreased in both groups from preoperative to one week and six months postoperatively. In contrast, the difference values of group EFP were larger than those of group LLP at postoperative one week and postoperative six months (1.87 ± 0.97 vs. 1.31 ± 0.93, P = 0.07; 1.91 ± 1.06 vs. 1.54 ± 0.93, P = 0.001). The mean rates of postoperative serum AMH decline were 37.92% and 46.34% in group EFP, significantly higher than those in group LLP (25.83% vs. 31.43%, P < 0.001). Ovarian endometrioma wall AMH of group LLP was significantly lower than that of group EFP ([22.86 ± 3.74] vs. [31.02 ± 5.23], P < 0.001). Meanwhile, ovarian endometrioma LE concentration of group LLP was significantly higher than that of group EFP ([482.83 ± 115.88] vs. [371.68 ± 84.49], P<0.001). There was also a significant inverse correlation between leukocyte esterase and AMH concentration in an ovarian endometrioma cyst wall (r=-0.564, P<0.001). CONCLUSION(S): The optimal time for laparoscopic cystectomy for patients with first identified unilateral ovarian endometrioma is the late luteal phase, which reduces ovarian tissue loss and preserves ovarian reserve effectively and safely.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology : RB&E"}}},"pageStart":"59","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12958-023-01109-2","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s12958-023-01109-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37370122"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recent-trends-in-term-trial-of-labor-after-cesarean-by-number-of-prior-cesarean--recqjrtf5sbxaqbz9/","name":"Recent trends in term trial of labor after cesarean by number of prior cesarean  deliveries","headline":"Recent trends in term trial of labor after cesarean by number of prior cesarean  deliveries","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recent-trends-in-term-trial-of-labor-after-cesarean-by-number-of-prior-cesarean--recqjrtf5sbxaqbz9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Emma J Qureshey","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0062-0456","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03gds6c39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Angela Stephens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0036-1650","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03gds6c39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Baha M. Sibai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9982-7873","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tennessee at Knoxville","sameAs":"https://ror.org/020f3ap87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cara Buskmiller","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1313-1192","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women’s Health, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Beth L Pineles","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0450-2943","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX (Drs Pineles, Buskmiller, Qureshey,...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02917wp91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Angela J Stephens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6622-2886","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX (Drs Pineles, Buskmiller, Qureshey,..."}}],"datePublished":"2023-06-21","abstract":"Background: Cesarean delivery is a major source of maternal morbidity, and repeat cesarean delivery accounts for 40% of cesarean delivery, but recent data on the trial of labor after cesarean and vaginal birth after cesarean are limited.\n\nObjective: This study aimed to report the national rates of trial of labor after cesarean and vaginal birth after cesarean by number of previous cesarean deliveries and examine the effect of demographic and clinical characteristics on these rates.\n\nStudy Design: This was a population-based cohort study using the US natality data files. The study sample was restricted to 4,135,247 nonanomalous singleton, cephalic deliveries between 37 and 42 weeks of gestation, with a history of previous cesarean delivery and delivered in a hospital between 2010 and 2019. Deliveries were grouped by number of previous cesarean deliveries (1, 2, or ≥3). The trial of labor after cesarean (deliveries with labor among deliveries with previous cesarean delivery) and vaginal birth after cesarean (vaginal deliveries among trial of labor after cesarean) rates were computed for each year. The rates were further subgrouped by history of previous vaginal delivery. Year of delivery, number of previous cesarean deliveries, history of previous cesarean delivery, age, race and ethnicity, maternal education, obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, inadequate prenatal care, Medicaid payer, and gestational age were examined concerning the trial of labor after cesarean and vaginal birth after cesarean using multiple logistic regression. SAS software (version 9.4) was used for all analyses.\n\nResults: The trial of labor after cesarean rates increased from 14.4% in 2010 to 19.6% in 2019 (P<.001). This trend was seen in all categories of number of previous cesarean deliveries. Moreover, vaginal birth after cesarean rates increased from 68.5% in 2010 to 74.3% in 2019. The trial of labor after cesarean and vaginal birth after cesarean rates were the highest for deliveries with a history of both 1 previous cesarean delivery and a vaginal delivery (28.9% and 79.7%, respectively) and the lowest for those with a history of ≥3 previous cesarean deliveries and no history of vaginal delivery (4.5% and 46.9%, respectively). Factors associated with the trial of labor after cesarean and vaginal birth after cesarean rates are similar, but several factors have different directions of effect, such as non-White race and ethnicity, which is associated with a higher likelihood of trial of labor after cesarean but a lower likelihood of successful vaginal birth after cesarean.\n\nConclusion: More than 80% of patients with a history of previous cesarean delivery deliver by repeat scheduled cesarean delivery. With vaginal birth after cesarean rates increasing among those who attempt a trial of labor after cesarean, emphasis should be put on safely increasing the trial of labor after cesarean rates.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"AJOG Global Reports"}}},"pageStart":"100232","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xagr.2023.100232","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.xagr.2023.100232"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37342471"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/contraceptives-as-abortifacients-recfnrrhdvrn61q3z/","name":"Contraceptives as abortifacients","headline":"Contraceptives as abortifacients","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/contraceptives-as-abortifacients-recfnrrhdvrn61q3z/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kyle A Beiter","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fairfield Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02170ek39"}}],"datePublished":"2023-06-18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"229","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"473","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2023.06.020","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ajog.2023.06.020"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37330121"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/detection-and-characterization-of-microplastics-in-the-human-testis-and-semen-7wkj9bw3/","name":"Detection and characterization of microplastics in the human testis and semen","headline":"Detection and characterization of microplastics in the human testis and semen","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/detection-and-characterization-of-microplastics-in-the-human-testis-and-semen-7wkj9bw3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Qiuhong Zhao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8334-2580","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tennessee Health Science Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0011qv509"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhu L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Weng J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jin Z","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9083-2449"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yue Cao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2642-9402","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0014a0n68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hong Jiang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2025-7909","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fudan University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhiqiang Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4692-7795","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tianjin Medical University General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/003sav965"}}],"datePublished":"2023-06-15","abstract":"The health risk of microplastics (MPs) is a growing global concern. Evidence of reproductive health damage caused by the accumulation of MPs in males is still lacking. In the present study, 6 testis and 30 semen samples were collected, and MPs were detected using both pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) and laser direct infrared spectroscopy (LD-IR). The results showed that MPs were detected in both testis and semen, with an average abundance of 0.23 ± 0.45 particles/mL in semen and 11.60 ± 15.52 particles/g in testis. Microplastics in the testis were composed of polystyrene (PS) with 67.7 %, while polyethylene (PE) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) were the predominant polymers in semen. Compared to fragments, fiber, and film detected in semen, the fragment was the main shape the in testis. The sizes of these microplastics ranged from 21.76 μm to 286.71 μm, and most (67 % and 80.6 %) were 20-100 μm in semen and testis. In summary, this study revealed for the first time that MPs pollute the human male reproductive system and that various MP characteristics appear in different regions, which provides critical information and basic data for the risk assessment of MPs to human health.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"877","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Science of the total environment"}},"pageStart":"162713","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162713","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162713"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36948312"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/population-based-cohort-study-of-oral-contraceptive-use-and-risk-of-depression-recz6svxkuzvhublc/","name":"Population-based cohort study of oral contraceptive use and risk of depression","headline":"Population-based cohort study of oral contraceptive use and risk of depression","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/population-based-cohort-study-of-oral-contraceptive-use-and-risk-of-depression-recz6svxkuzvhublc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Søren Vinther Larsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1428-4131","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rigshospitalet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mchdq19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vinther Larsen S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Bui","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4861-3778","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Melbourne","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W E Ek","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2194-496X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Uppsala University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/048a87296"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Karlsson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8095-6149","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Uppsala University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/048a87296"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Å. Johansson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1223-7390","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Uppsala University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/048a87296"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Johansson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7978-8336","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Uppsala University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/048a87296"}}],"datePublished":"2023-06-12","abstract":"Aim: Research on the effect of oral contraceptive (OC) use on the risk of depression shows inconsistent findings, especially in adult OC users. One possible reason for this inconsistency is the omission of women who discontinue OCs due to adverse mood effects, leading to healthy user bias. To address this issue, we aim to estimate the risk of depression that is associated with the initiation of OCs as well as the effect of OC use on lifetime risk of depression.\n\nMethods: This is a population-based cohort study based on data from 264,557 women from the UK Biobank. Incidence of depression was addressed via interviews, inpatient hospital or primary care data. The hazard ratio (HR) between OC use and incident depression was estimated by multivariable Cox regression with OC use as a time-varying exposure. To validate causality, we examined familial confounding in 7,354 sibling pairs.\n\nResults: We observed that the first 2 years of OC use were associated with a higher rate of depression compared to never users (HR = 1.71, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.55-1.88). Although the risk was not as pronounced beyond the first 2 years, ever OC use was still associated with an increased lifetime risk of depression (HR = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.01-1.09). Previous OC use were associated with a higher rate of depression compared to never users, with adolescent OC users driving the increased hazard (HR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.12-1.25). No significant association were observed among adult OC users who had previously used OCs (HR = 1.00, 95% CI: 0.95-1.04). Notably, the sibling analysis provided further evidence for a causal effect of OC use on the risk of depression.\n\nConclusions: Our findings suggest that the use of OCs, particularly during the first 2 years, increases the risk of depression. Additionally, OC use during adolescence might increase the risk of depression later in life. Our results are consistent with a causal relationship between OC use and depression, as supported by the sibling analysis. This study highlights the importance of considering the healthy user bias as well as family-level confounding in studies of OC use and mental health outcomes. Physicians and patients should be aware of this potential risk when considering OCs, and individualized risk-benefit assessments should be conducted.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences"}},"pageStart":"e39","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S2045796023000525","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1017/S2045796023000525"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37303201"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/intraovarian-platelet-rich-plasma-injections-safety-and-thoughts-on-efficacy-bas-reczprno18mnvcj2w/","name":"Intraovarian Platelet-Rich Plasma Injections: Safety and Thoughts on Efficacy  Based on a Single Centre Experience With 469 Women","headline":"Intraovarian Platelet-Rich Plasma Injections: Safety and Thoughts on Efficacy  Based on a Single Centre Experience With 469 Women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/intraovarian-platelet-rich-plasma-injections-safety-and-thoughts-on-efficacy-bas-reczprno18mnvcj2w/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Aliki Anifantaki","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Technological Research of Crete","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01bkx5q50"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Popi Bitzopoulou","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mitera Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02mgwph26"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mattheos Fraidakis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052rphn09"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Giorgios Giannakakis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Technological Research of Crete","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01bkx5q50"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Persefoni Kakouri","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mitera Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02mgwph26"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sofia Kourpa","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052rphn09"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Meltini Skouradaki","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052rphn09"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paraskevi Tsakoumi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052rphn09"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandros Zervakis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052rphn09"}}],"datePublished":"2023-06-08","abstract":"Background: Ovarian rejuvenation is an innovative procedure intended to restore ovarian fertility and development during the climacteric and has been used to enhance fertility in women with premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). This retrospective study was conducted to determine the effects of an intraovarian platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection on ovarian stimulation outcomes in women referred to an in vitro fertilisation centre. Methods-\n\nPopulation: This was a retrospective observational study, and the inclusion criteria included women of reproductive age with at least one ovary with a history of infertility, hormonal abnormalities, an absence of a menstrual cycle, and premature ovarian failure. During the patient's first consultation, a detailed reproductive history was recorded, a pelvic scan for ovarian size was conducted, and hormonal analysis for follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), estradiol (E2), and luteinizing hormone (LH) was conducted.\n\nResults: In the study, 469 women with a history of infertility, hormonal abnormalities, an absence of a menstrual cycle, and premature ovarian failure had hormonal levels recorded up to four months after treatment, and these were included in the study. The volume of peripheral blood required to prepare 6-8 mL of PRP for administration was 40-60 mL. The initial concentration of platelets in the peripheral blood sample was about 25000/µL, whereas the prepared PRP had a concentration of 900.000/µL. A volume of approximately 2-4 mL per ovary, depending on the ovarian volume, was used for the intraovarian injection. PRP intervention had significant effects on FSH concentration at the α = 0.05 level. Statistically significant increases in normal values of FSH and E2were observed for months three and four after the PRP intervention for all age groups.\n\nConclusions: The results of our observational study revealed that a PRP intraovarian injection is associated with improved ovarian tissue and function. Future randomised clinical trials are needed to shed light on the use of PRP in ovarian rejuvenation before offering it routinely in clinical practice.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cureus"}}},"pageStart":"e38674","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.38674","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.7759/cureus.38674"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37288228"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/impact-of-transfer-of-maternal-care-for-fetal-anomalies-on-maternal-depression-a-reczadlhjkxuc4go9/","name":"Impact of Transfer of Maternal Care for Fetal Anomalies on Maternal Depression  and Anxiety Screening: A Prospective Cohort at a Tertiary Care Center","headline":"Impact of Transfer of Maternal Care for Fetal Anomalies on Maternal Depression  and Anxiety Screening: A Prospective Cohort at a Tertiary Care Center","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/impact-of-transfer-of-maternal-care-for-fetal-anomalies-on-maternal-depression-a-reczadlhjkxuc4go9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"L. Greenwood","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4188-7870","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alpuing Radilla LA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lauren L Gray","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8112-5600","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Texas Children's Fetal Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard Ivey","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jessian L Munoz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3938-2267","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Magdalena Sanz Cortes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0265-9859","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sanz Cortes M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ahmed A Nassr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1924-7965","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael A Belfort","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1179-7647","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Linda A Alpuing Radilla","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4721-966X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Texas Children's Fetal Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cara Buskmiller","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1313-1192","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women’s Health, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Matthew R Carrol","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3393-9124","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roopali V Donepudi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0387-2755","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Texas Children's Fetal Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen Horst","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Keneshia Lane","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}}],"datePublished":"2023-06-06","abstract":"Introduction: Perinatal depression and anxiety are major causes of maternal morbidity, and are more common in high-risk pregnancies compared to low-risk pregnancies. This study used validated screening tools to assess the prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms in pregnant patients who transferred their obstetric care to a specialized fetal center for fetal anomaly.\n\nMethods: This is a prospective cohort of patients with a fetal anomaly prompting transfer of obstetric care to Texas Children's Hospital Fetal Center between January 2021 and February 2022. The primary outcome was a self-assessed Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale score of 13 or higher, either antepartum or postpartum (\"ever-positive EPDS\"). Secondary outcomes included self-assessed Perinatal Anxiety Screening Scale (PASS) scores of 21 or higher (\"ever-positive PASS\"), obstetric outcomes, and neonatal outcomes. A frequentist analysis was performed.\n\nResults: Of 149 women who transferred to Texas Children's Hospital during the study period, 94 enrolled in this study. Twenty-six percent of women had an ever-positive EPDS; 20% of patients had an ever-positive PASS. Patients were more likely to have an ever-positive EPDS if they were single (46% compared to 20%, p = 0.025). Women who had an ever-positive EPDS were more likely to be referred to psychiatry (46% compared to 14%, p = 0.004) and psychotherapy (29% compared to 1%, p < 0.001). Surprisingly, patients were more likely to have an ever-positive PASS if they reported good social support (p = 0.03). Antepartum EPDS and PASS scores had no relationship with postpartum EPDS scores.\n\nConclusion: Women who transfer care to a tertiary setting have positive EPDS scores at double the rate of the general population, but tend to experience this either antepartum or postpartum (not both). Fetal centers should be prepared to screen for mental health symptoms before and after delivery and provide appropriate referral or treatment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"50","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy"}}},"pageStart":"282","pageEnd":"288","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000531180","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1159/000531180"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37276841"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-micronized-progesterone-for-perimenopausal-night-sweats-and-hot-flushes-a-p-recly6psinpft9fvf/","name":"Oral micronized progesterone for perimenopausal night sweats and hot flushes a  Phase III Canada-wide randomized placebo-controlled 4 month trial","headline":"Oral micronized progesterone for perimenopausal night sweats and hot flushes a  Phase III Canada-wide randomized placebo-controlled 4 month trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-micronized-progesterone-for-perimenopausal-night-sweats-and-hot-flushes-a-p-recly6psinpft9fvf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Patricia A. Janssen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4178-1195","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Health Research Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0455vfz21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Terry Lee","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1878-0298","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Advancing Health Outcomes","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04g6gva85"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joel Singer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5828-4961","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00frst980"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrea Cameron","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7570-9119","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michelle Fung","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2370-6611","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine L Hitchcock","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation Research, Division of Endocrinology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2023-06-06","abstract":"This study tested progesterone for perimenopausal hot flush ± night sweat (vasomotor symptom, VMS) treatment. It was a double-blind, randomized trial of 300 mg oral micronized progesterone@bedtime versus placebo for 3-months (m) after a 1-m untreated baseline during 2012/1-2017/4. We randomized untreated, non-depressed, screenand baseline-eligible by VMS, perimenopausal women (with flow within 1-year), ages 35-58 (n = 189). Participants aged 50 (± SD = 4.6) were mostly White, educated, minimally overweight with 63% in late perimenopause; 93% participated remotely. The 1° outcome was 3rd-m VMS Score difference. Participants recorded VMS number and intensity (0-4 scale)/24 h on a VMS Calendar. Randomization required VMS (intensity 2-4/4) of sufficient frequency and/or ≥ 2/week night sweat awakenings. Baseline total VMS Score (SD) was 12.2 (11.3) without assignment difference. Third-m VMS Score did not differ by therapy (Rate Difference - 1.51). However, the 95% CI [- 3.97, 0.95] P = 0.222, did not exclude 3, a minimal clinically important difference. Women perceived progesterone caused decreased night sweats (P = 0.023) and improved sleep quality (P = 0.005); it decreased perimenopause-related life interference (P = 0.017) without increased depression. No serious adverse events occurred. Perimenopausal night sweats ± hot flushes are variable; this RCT was underpowered but could not exclude a minimal clinically important VMS benefit. Perceived night sweats and sleep quality significantly improved.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Scientific Reports"}}},"pageStart":"9082","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-35826-w","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/s41598-023-35826-w"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37277418"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/defining-embryo-donation-an-ethics-committee-opinion-ekijmerv/","name":"Defining embryo donation: an Ethics Committee opinion","headline":"Defining embryo donation: an Ethics Committee opinion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/defining-embryo-donation-an-ethics-committee-opinion-ekijmerv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ethics Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Electronic address: asrm@asrm.org"}],"datePublished":"2023-06-01","abstract":"Building families through the adoption of children has been supported by human society throughout history. The ethical appropriateness of patients donating embryos to other patients for family building, or for research, is well established and is affirmed by this Committee. The use of the term ''adoption'' for embryos is inaccurate and should be avoided. This document replaces the ASRM Ethics Committee statement by the same name, last published in 2016.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"119","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"944","pageEnd":"947","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2023.03.007","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2023.03.007"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37149804"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/informed-consent-in-assisted-reproduction-an-ethics-committee-opinion-jf1euzuj/","name":"Informed consent in assisted reproduction: an Ethics Committee opinion","headline":"Informed consent in assisted reproduction: an Ethics Committee opinion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/informed-consent-in-assisted-reproduction-an-ethics-committee-opinion-jf1euzuj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ethics Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine"}],"datePublished":"2023-06-01","abstract":"Informed consent is a process in which the patient is supported in developing an understanding of medical options (including risks, benefits, and alternatives) and coming to a voluntary and autonomous decision.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"119","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"948","pageEnd":"953","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2023.03.009","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2023.03.009"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lowdose-naltrexone-ldn-for-chronic-pain-at-a-single-institution-a-case-series-lsmwph2p/","name":"Low-Dose Naltrexone (LDN) for Chronic Pain at a Single Institution: A Case Series","headline":"Low-Dose Naltrexone (LDN) for Chronic Pain at a Single Institution: A Case Series","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lowdose-naltrexone-ldn-for-chronic-pain-at-a-single-institution-a-case-series-lsmwph2p/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"McKenzie-Brown AM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Boorman DW"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ibanez KR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Agwu E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Singh V","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2696-8357"}],"datePublished":"2023-06-01","abstract":"Purpose: Low-dose naltrexone (LDN) has increased in popularity as a non-opioid medication that may decrease chronic pain symptoms. LDN is most commonly used to treat fibromyalgia, complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), and painful diabetic neuropathy. Other studies suggest that LDN provides general symptom reduction in inflammatory conditions such as Crohn's disease and multiple sclerosis. We reviewed our experience with patients to whom we have prescribed LDN to see what types of painful conditions were most responsive to LDN in our patient population.Patients and methodsCharts from patients who came to the Pain Center between 2014 and 2021 were reviewed.\n\nResults: Of the n = 137 patients who were prescribed LDN, 44% had no evidence of ever filling the prescription, and 4.4% of the responses were not charted. Of the remaining who took LDN (n = 70), 64% had some relief and were designated as 'Responders'. The most common pain diagnosis was neuropathic pain which, when added to the diagnosis of complex regional pain syndrome, accounted for 51% of responders to LDN. Patients who experienced greater than 50% pain relief from LDN were more likely to have the diagnosis of neuropathic pain or complex regional pain syndrome (p = 0.038, Fisher's Exact Test). There was a significant difference in the diagnosis of patients who responded to LDN. Patients with spondylosis were much less likely to respond to LDN when compared with other diagnoses (p = 0.00435, Chi-Square Test).\n\nConclusion: Patients with all types of neuropathic pain, including CRPS, were significantly more likely to have pain relief from LDN than patients with spondylosis (p=0.018). The diagnosis of spondylosis was more often associated with a lack of response to LDN than any other diagnosis. Patients may need to have a trial of several weeks before analgesic effects are seen with LDN.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"Volume 16","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Pain Research"}},"pageStart":"1993","pageEnd":"1998","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.2147/jpr.s389957","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2147/jpr.s389957"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/letrozole-replaces-clomiphene-first-line-pcos/","name":"Letrozole replaces clomiphene as first-line for PCOS ovulation induction","headline":"Letrozole replaces clomiphene as first-line for PCOS ovulation induction","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/letrozole-replaces-clomiphene-first-line-pcos/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"datePublished":"2023-06-01","abstract":"Metabolic optimization + letrozole -> clomiphene -> OWR","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-randomized-trial-of-web-based-fertility-tracking-software-and-fecundability-recd7qyhws3uaesxq/","name":"A randomized trial of web-based fertility-tracking software and fecundability","headline":"A randomized trial of web-based fertility-tracking software and fecundability","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-randomized-trial-of-web-based-fertility-tracking-software-and-fecundability-recd7qyhws3uaesxq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amelia K Wesselink","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3929-4451","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Boston University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Collette N Ncube","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0661-9926","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Boston University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kenneth J Rothman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2398-1705","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eleanor J Murray","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0043-4901","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Boston University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tanran R Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2543-9429","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Boston University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lauren A Wise","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2138-3752","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts and 2Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center at Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}}],"datePublished":"2023-06-01","abstract":"Objective: To assess the effect of randomization to FertilityFriend.com, a mobile computing fertility-tracking app, on fecundability.\nDesign: Parallel non-blinded randomized controlled trial nested within the Pregnancy Study Online (PRESTO), a North American preconception cohort. PATIENT(S): Female participants aged 21 to 45 years attempting conception for ≤6 menstrual cycles at enrolment (2013-2019).\n\nIntervention: Randomization (1:1) of 5532 participants to receive a premium Fertility Friend (FF) subscription. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Fecundability (per-cycle probability of conception). Participants completed bimonthly follow-up questionnaires until pregnancy or a censoring event, whichever came first. We first performed an intent-to-treat analysis of the effect of FF randomization on fecundability. In secondary analyses, we used a per-protocol approach that accounted for adherence in each trial arm. In both analyses, we used proportional probabilities regression models to estimate fecundability ratios (FR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) comparing those randomized vs. not randomized and applied inverse probability weights to account for loss-to-follow-up (intent-to-treat and per-protocol analyses) and adherence (per-protocol analyses only).\n\nResults: Using life-table methods, 64% of the 2775 participants randomized to FF and 63% of the 2767 participants not randomized to FF conceived during 12 cycles; these respective percentages were each 70% among those with 0-1 cycles of attempt time at enrolment. Of those randomized to FF, 72% were defined as adherent (68% of observed menstrual cycles). In intent-to-treat analyses, there was no appreciable association overall (FR = 0.97; 95% CI, 0.90-1.04) or within strata of pregnancy attempt time at enrolment, age, education, or other characteristics. In per-protocol analyses, we observed little association overall (FR = 1.06; 95% CI, 0.99-1.14), but weak-to-moderate positive associations among participants who had longer attempt times at enrolment (FR = 1.15; 95% CI, 0.98-1.35 for 3-4 cycles; FR = 1.14; 95% CI, 0.87-1.48 for 5-6 cycles), were aged <25 years (FR = 1.29; 95% CI, 1.01-1.66), had ≤12 years of education (FR = 1.32; 95% CI, 0.92-1.89), or were non-users of hormonal contraception within 3 months before enrolment (FR = 1.10; 95% CI, 1.02-1.19).\n\nConclusion: No appreciable associations were observed in intent-to-treat analyses. In secondary per-protocol analyses that accounted for adherence, randomization to FF was associated with slightly greater fecundability among selected subgroups of participants; however, these results are susceptible to unmeasured confounding.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"119","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1045","pageEnd":"1056","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2023.02.005","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q140394977"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2023.02.005"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36774978"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q140394977"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-treatment-2021-preliminary-trends-and-figures-rechpfoz2os27mcuc/","name":"Fertility Treatment 2021: Preliminary Trends and Figures","headline":"Fertility Treatment 2021: Preliminary Trends and Figures","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-treatment-2021-preliminary-trends-and-figures-rechpfoz2os27mcuc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority"}],"datePublished":"2023-06-01","abstract":"# Fertility treatment 2021: preliminary trends and figures\nPreliminary UK statistics for IVF and DI treatment, storage, and donation\nPublished: June 2023\n[Download the underlying dataset as .xlsx](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/media/5zzh25zw/fertility-treatment-2021-preliminary-trends-and-figures-underlying-dataset.xlsx \"Fertility treatment 2021: preliminary trends and figures - underlying dataset\")\n## Table of contents\n- [Main points](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/fertility-treatment-2021-preliminary-trends-and-figures/#main-points)\n- [Note on preliminary data](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/fertility-treatment-2021-preliminary-trends-and-figures/#note-on-preliminary-data)\n- [Section 1. Average IVF pregnancy rates using fresh embryo transfers increased for all ages](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/fertility-treatment-2021-preliminary-trends-and-figures/#section-1)\n- [Section 2. Average IVF pregnancy and birth rates using frozen embryo transfers increased over the past 30 years](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/fertility-treatment-2021-preliminary-trends-and-figures/#section-2)\n- [Section 3. Fertility treatments have returned to pre-pandemic levels](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/fertility-treatment-2021-preliminary-trends-and-figures/#section-3)\n- [Section 4. Multiple births from IVF at lowest UK average yet of 5%](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/fertility-treatment-2021-preliminary-trends-and-figures/#section-4)\n- [Section 5. Egg and embryo storage cycles continued to increase](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/fertility-treatment-2021-preliminary-trends-and-figures/#section-5)\n- [Section 6. Average age of IVF patients increased to 36 years](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/fertility-treatment-2021-preliminary-trends-a...","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dermal-exposure-to-bisphenols-in-pregnant-womens-and-baby-clothes-risk-character-jvhbcsgn/","name":"Dermal exposure to bisphenols in pregnant women's and baby clothes: Risk characterization","headline":"Dermal exposure to bisphenols in pregnant women's and baby clothes: Risk characterization","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dermal-exposure-to-bisphenols-in-pregnant-womens-and-baby-clothes-risk-character-jvhbcsgn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Herrero M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marília Cristina Oliveira Souza","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2947-992X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade de São Paulo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036rp1748"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"González N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marquès M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Barbosa F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"José L Domingo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9470","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitat Rovira i Virgili","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g5sqv46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Martí Nadal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1974-6836","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitat Rovira i Virgili","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g5sqv46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joaquim Rovira","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0212-9353","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitat Rovira i Virgili","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g5sqv46"}}],"datePublished":"2023-06-01","abstract":"Textile manufacturing consists of a multiple-step process in which a wide range of chemicals is used, some of them remaining in the final product. Bisphenols (BPs) are non-intentionally added compounds in textiles, whose prolonged skin contact may mean a significant source of daily human exposure, especially in vulnerable groups of the population. The present study aimed to determine the levels of bisphenol A (BPA) and some BP analogs (BPB, BPF, and BPS) in 120 new clothes commercialized in Spain for pregnant women, newborns, and toddlers. In addition, exposure assessment and risk characterization were also carried out. Traces of BPA were found in all the samples, with a median concentration of 7.43 ng/g. The highest values were detected in textile samples made of polyester. Regarding natural fibers, higher concentrations of BPs were observed in garments made of conventional cotton than in those made of organic cotton, with a significant difference for BPS (1.24 vs. 0.76 ng/g, p < 0.05). Although toddlers have a larger skin-area-to-body-weight ratio, pregnant women showed higher exposure to BPs than children. Anyhow, the non-carcinogenic risks associated with BPA exposure were below the unity, even under the upper-bound scenario. However, risks could be underestimated because other exposure routes were not considered in this study. The use of BPA has been restricted in some food-related products; therefore, BPA should also be regulated in the textile industry.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"878","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Science of The Total Environment"}},"pageStart":"163122","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163122","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163122"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-a-video-intervention-on-knowledge-awareness-and-perception-of-natu-recdbdyay28plydca/","name":"The effect of a video intervention on knowledge, awareness and perception of Natural Procreative Technology (NaProTechnology) among pharmacy undergraduate students in Nigeria","headline":"The effect of a video intervention on knowledge, awareness and perception of Natural Procreative Technology (NaProTechnology) among pharmacy undergraduate students in Nigeria","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-a-video-intervention-on-knowledge-awareness-and-perception-of-natu-recdbdyay28plydca/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Fausta Chioma Jacinta Emegoakor","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05fx5mz56"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eziamaka Pauline Ezenkwele","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6968-9369","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05fx5mz56"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Abdulmuminu Isah","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1863-5931","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Nigeria","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01sn1yx84"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Adaobi Uchenna Mosanya","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8442-4358","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Nigeria","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01sn1yx84"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mmaduabuchi Okeh","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Nigeria","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01sn1yx84"}}],"datePublished":"2023-06-01","abstract":"Background\nNatural Procreative Technology (NaProTechnology) is a system of management of infertility and other reproductive health issues which requires the application of a woman’s observation and record of key events throughout her menstrual cycle.\n\nObjectives\nThe study assessed the knowledge, awareness, and perception of NaProTechnology as well as the effect of an educational intervention among pharmacy undergraduate students at University of Nigeria, Nsukka.\n\nMethods\nIt was a cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study. The ethical approval was obtained from the research ethics committee of the Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka. At baseline, the knowledge, awareness and perception of the students were assessed. Followed by the administration of an educational video on NaProTechnology. Then a post intervention survey was done to assess the effect of the educational intervention.\n\nKey finding: s\nThere were 410 and 350 students in the preand post-intervention surveys respectively with relatively equal number of males and females. Majority were between 18 and 29 years old. Less than 5% were married while the highest proportion of the respondents were from 300 level The knowledge, awareness, and positive perception of NaProTechnology among the pharmacy students prior to intervention were poor but improved markedly post intervention (P < 0.001).\nConclusion\nA video intervention was effective in improving the short-term knowledge, awareness and positive perception of NaProTechnology among pharmacy students.\n\nKey message: s\nWhat is already known on this topic?\nNatural Procreative Technology (NaProTechnology) is a system of management of infertility based on the observation and record of fertility biomarkers by a woman.\n\nWhat this study add: s?\nThe level of knowledge, awareness, and positive perception of NaProTechnology among the pharmacy undergraduates students were poor prior to a video intervention but improved markedly afterwards\nHow this study might affect research, practice or policy?\nThis study would lead to the public health system approach of informing, educating and communicating NaProTechnology to pharmacy students to achieve long-term effects by using well-designed courses and curriculum implementation.","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.05.29.23290690","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1101/2023.05.29.23290690"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/editorial-immunocellular-mechanisms-and-endocrine-organs-recnrvbjokngxmkur/","name":"Editorial: Immunocellular mechanisms and endocrine organs","headline":"Editorial: Immunocellular mechanisms and endocrine organs","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/editorial-immunocellular-mechanisms-and-endocrine-organs-recnrvbjokngxmkur/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Daniela Gallo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1873-3048","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Lariana","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bp6t645"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yusuf Ali","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2522-4419","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nanyang Technological University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302"}}],"datePublished":"2023-06-01","abstract":"EDITORIAL article Front. Endocrinol., 16 May 2023Sec. Cellular Endocrinology Volume 14 - 2023 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2023.1214230","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology"}},"pageStart":"1214230","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2023.1214230","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fendo.2023.1214230"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37260448"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/application-of-systematic-evidence-mapping-to-identify-available-data-on-the-pot-wsry5kz2/","name":"Application of systematic evidence mapping to identify available data on the potential human health hazards of selected market-relevant azo dyes","headline":"Application of systematic evidence mapping to identify available data on the potential human health hazards of selected market-relevant azo dyes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/application-of-systematic-evidence-mapping-to-identify-available-data-on-the-pot-wsry5kz2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Keshava C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nicolai S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vulimiri SV"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cruz FA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ghoreishi N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Knueppel S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lenzner A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tarnow P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vanselow JT"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Schulz B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Persad A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Baker N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thayer KA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Williams AJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pirow R"}],"datePublished":"2023-06-01","abstract":"Background: Azo dyes are used in textiles and leather clothing. Human exposure can occur from wearing textiles containing azo dyes. Since the body's enzymes and microbiome can cleave azo dyes, potentially resulting in mutagenic or carcinogenic metabolites, there is also an indirect health concern on the parent compounds. While several hazardous azo dyes are banned, many more are still in use that have not been evaluated systematically for potential health concerns. This systematic evidence map (SEM) aims to compile and categorize the available toxicological evidence on the potential human health risks of a set of 30 market-relevant azo dyes.\n\nMethods: Peer-reviewed and gray literature was searched and over 20,000 studies were identified. These were filtered using Sciome Workbench for Interactive computer-Facilitated Text-mining (SWIFT) Review software with evidence stream tags (human, animal, in vitro) yielding 12,800 unique records. SWIFT Active (a machine-learning software) further facilitated title/abstract screening. DistillerSR software was used for additional title/abstract, full-text screening, and data extraction.Results187 studies were identified that met populations, exposures, comparators, and outcomes (PECO) criteria. From this pool, 54 human, 78 animal, and 61 genotoxicity studies were extracted into a literature inventory. Toxicological evidence was abundant for three azo dyes (also used as food additives) and sparse for five of the remaining 27 compounds. Complementary search in ECHA's REACH database for summaries of unpublished study reports revealed evidence for all 30 dyes. The question arose of how this information can be fed into an SEM process. Proper identification of prioritized dyes from various databases (including U.S. EPA's CompTox Chemicals Dashboard) turned out to be a challenge. Evidence compiled by this SEM project can be evaluated for subsequent use in problem formulation efforts to inform potential regulatory needs and prepare for a more efficient and targeted evaluation in the future for human health assessments.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"176","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environment International"}},"pageStart":"107952","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2023.107952","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.envint.2023.107952"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/bone-health-and-prevalent-fractures-in-women-with-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-a-me-recsoalyhxz4tk9wq/","name":"Bone health and prevalent fractures in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a  meta-analysis and endocrine-context pathophysiology review","headline":"Bone health and prevalent fractures in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a  meta-analysis and endocrine-context pathophysiology review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/bone-health-and-prevalent-fractures-in-women-with-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-a-me-recsoalyhxz4tk9wq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sonia Shirin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7866-3419","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Azita Goshtasebi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2023-05-31","abstract":"Introduction: Bone health in those with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is complex, but the general consensus is that cortical areal bone mineral density (aBMD) sites will be higher in PCOS than in ageand BMI-similar controls. However, spine aBMD sites may be lower, especially in non-obese PCOS. Whether or not incident fracture risk is increased in PCOS is currently controversial; no meta-analysis has yet assessed prevalent fractures. AREAS COVERED: We assessed the bone effects of PCOS-related ovarian hormone alterations, e.g. androgen excess, tonically normal/higher estradiol, and lower-than-normal progesterone levels. We also highlighted evidence that common PCOS medications (e.g. combined hormonal contraceptives [CHC], metformin, and spironolactone) have important bone effects. In adolescents, meta-analysis of CHC showed significant negative aBMD changes. Inflammation has negative PCOS bone effects and is linked with CHC use. EXPERT Opinion: Is fracture risk altered by PCOS? Our meta-analysis showed a 25% increased risk of prevalent fracture in PCOS versus controls; this did not reach statistical significance. Future prospective research needs to collect and evaluate ovulation characteristics, progesterone exposure, and adolescent CHC use, in addition to the complex variables that may influence risks for prevalent or incident fragility fractures and/or for cortical and cancellous aBMD values in PCOS.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"283","pageEnd":"293","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17446651.2023.2216294","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/17446651.2023.2216294"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37254511"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstrual-cycle-length-variation-by-demographic-characteristics-from-the-apple-w-lrxibkjj/","name":"Menstrual cycle length variation by demographic characteristics from the Apple Women's Health Study","headline":"Menstrual cycle length variation by demographic characteristics from the Apple Women's Health Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstrual-cycle-length-variation-by-demographic-characteristics-from-the-apple-w-lrxibkjj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hatherley Li"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gibson EA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anne Marie Z. Jukic","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8635-9505","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D D Baird","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5544-2653","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, PO Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A J Wilcox","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3376-1311","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, PO Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Curry CL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fischer-Colbrie T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Onnela JP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M A Williams","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5807-5281","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tufts University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05wvpxv85"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hauser R","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1899-3982"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Coull BA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shruthi Mahalingaiah","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5527-5787","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493"}}],"datePublished":"2023-05-29","abstract":"Menstrual characteristics are important signs of women's health. Here we examine the variation of menstrual cycle length by age, ethnicity, and body weight using 165,668 cycles from 12,608 participants in the US using mobile menstrual tracking apps. After adjusting for all covariates, mean menstrual cycle length is shorter with older age across all age groups until age 50 and then became longer for those age 50 and older. Menstrual cycles are on average 1.6 (95%CI: 1.2, 2.0) days longer for Asian and 0.7 (95%CI: 0.4, 1.0) days longer for Hispanic participants compared to white non-Hispanic participants. Participants with BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2 have 1.5 (95%CI: 1.2, 1.8) days longer cycles compared to those with BMI between 18.5 and 25 kg/m2. Cycle variability is the lowest among participants aged 35-39 but are considerably higher by 46% (95%CI: 43%, 48%) and 45% (95%CI: 41%, 49%) among those aged under 20 and between 45-49. Cycle variability increase by 200% (95%CI: 191%, 210%) among those aged above 50 compared to those in the 35-39 age group. Compared to white participants, those who are Asian and Hispanic have larger cycle variability. Participants with obesity also have higher cycle variability. Here we confirm previous observations of changes in menstrual cycle pattern with age across reproductive life span and report new evidence on the differences of menstrual variation by ethnicity and obesity status. Future studies should explore the underlying determinants of the variation in menstrual characteristics.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"NPJ digital medicine"}}},"pageStart":"100","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-023-00848-1","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/s41746-023-00848-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37248288"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/combined-hormonal-contraceptive-use-is-not-protective-against-musculoskeletal-co-reciy127kwcgdszbo/","name":"Combined hormonal contraceptive use is not protective against musculoskeletal  conditions or injuries: a systematic review with data from 5 million females","headline":"Combined hormonal contraceptive use is not protective against musculoskeletal  conditions or injuries: a systematic review with data from 5 million females","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/combined-hormonal-contraceptive-use-is-not-protective-against-musculoskeletal-co-reciy127kwcgdszbo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kipling Squier","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6293-8270","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alex Scott","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4983-6688","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarah Guy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2704-9096","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"City Sport + Physiotherapy Clinic, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Justin M Losciale","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5135-1191","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lynita White","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9206-4401","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tall Tree Physiotherapy and Health Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jackie L Whittaker","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6591-4976","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alberta","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27"}}],"datePublished":"2023-05-25","abstract":"Objective: Assess the association between combined hormonal contraceptives (CHC) use and musculoskeletal tissue pathophysiology, injuries or conditions.\nDesign: Systematic review with semiquantitative analyses and certainty of evidence assessment, guided by the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach.\n\nData Sources: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL searched from inception to April 2022. ELIGIBILITY: Intervention and cohort studies that assessed the association between new or ongoing use of CHC and an outcome of musculoskeletal tissue pathophysiology, injury or condition in postpubertal premenopausal females.\n\nResults: Across 50 included studies, we assessed the effect of CHC use on 30 unique musculoskeletal outcomes (75% bone related). Serious risk of bias was judged present in 82% of studies, with 52% adequately adjusting for confounding. Meta-analyses were not possible due to poor outcome reporting, and heterogeneity in estimate statistics and comparison conditions. Based on semiquantitative synthesis, there is low certainty evidence that CHC use was associated with elevated future fracture risk (risk ratio 1.02-1.20) and total knee arthroplasty (risk ratio 1.00-1.36). There is very low certainty evidence of unclear relationships between CHC use and a wide range of bone turnover and bone health outcomes. Evidence about the effect of CHC use on musculoskeletal tissues beyond bone, and the influence of CHC use in adolescence versus adulthood, is limited.\n\nConclusion: Given a paucity of high certainty evidence that CHC use is protective against musculoskeletal pathophysiology, injury or conditions, it is premature and inappropriate to advocate, or prescribe CHC for these purposes. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: This review was registered on PROSPERO CRD42021224582 on 8 January 2021.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"57","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"1195","pageEnd":"1202","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2022-106519","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bjsports-2022-106519"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37225254"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gnrh-agonists-in-the-treatment-of-symptomatic-endometriosis-a-review-rec6s3sc5zw9uyhek/","name":"GnRH agonists in the treatment of symptomatic endometriosis: a review","headline":"GnRH agonists in the treatment of symptomatic endometriosis: a review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gnrh-agonists-in-the-treatment-of-symptomatic-endometriosis-a-review-rec6s3sc5zw9uyhek/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Eric S Surrey","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9518-1710","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Colorado Center for Reproductive Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03v2wv079"}}],"datePublished":"2023-05-24","abstract":"The development of highly potent gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRHa) allowed for a significant addition to options for the medical management of symptomatic endometriosis. Pituitary GnRH receptor down-regulation leads to a hypogonadotropic and secondary hypoestrogenic state resulting in lesion regression and symptom improvement. There may be an additional effect of these agents on the inflammatory processes associated with endometriosis as well. This is a review of critical milestones in the clinical application of these agents. Most initial trials of various GnRHa employed danazol as a control and demonstrated general equivalence in reducing symptoms and extent of lesions but without hyperandrogenic side effects and adverse metabolic changes induced by the latter. Short-acting GnRHa is administered intranasally or subcutaneously. Longer-acting preparations are administered intramuscularly or as subcutaneous implants. GnRHa also decrease symptom recurrence rates after surgical management. The hypoestrogenic side effects, including bone mineral density loss and vasomotor symptoms, have limited the duration of use of these agents alone to six months. The use of an appropriate add-back allows for the mitigation of side effects while maintaining efficacy and allowing extension of use for up to 12 months. There is a limited amount of data regarding the use of GnRHa in adolescents out of concern for the effect on developing bone. These agents should be used with caution in this group. The lack of dose flexibility, need for parental administration, and side effect profiles represent drawbacks to GnRHa use. The development of oral GnRH antagonists with short half-lives, variable dosing, and decreased side effects represents an exciting alternative.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2 Suppl","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"F&S Reports"}}},"pageStart":"40","pageEnd":"45","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xfre.2022.11.009","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.xfre.2022.11.009"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37223763"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluation-of-a-fertility-awareness-based-shared-decision-making-tool-part-1-stu-recy80il40kxhs0tc/","name":"Evaluation of a fertility awareness-based shared decision-making tool part 1:  Study design and impact on clinician knowledge","headline":"Evaluation of a fertility awareness-based shared decision-making tool part 1:  Study design and impact on clinician knowledge","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluation-of-a-fertility-awareness-based-shared-decision-making-tool-part-1-stu-recy80il40kxhs0tc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Virginia Martinez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2648-8886","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Public Knowledge","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04fd1ra95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael D Manhart","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1727-1846","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"RTI International","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052tfza37"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Meghan Berry","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0260-2585","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Public Knowledge","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04fd1ra95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marguerite Duane","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duquesne University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02336z538"}}],"datePublished":"2023-05-22","abstract":"Objective: To assess the impact of a Shared Decision-Making (SDM) tool for fertility awareness-based methods (FABMs) of family planning.\n\nMethods: Clinicians familiar with at least one FABM were randomly invited to participate in a prospective cross-over study to compare usual practice to the use of the SDM tool when discussing FABMs with patients. Patients completed surveys preand post-office visit and six months later. The primary outcome explored the effect of online education on use of the SDM tool on clinicians' knowledge of FABMs.\n\nResults: Of 278 clinicians contacted, 54% could not be reached, and 15% did not provide women's health services. The 26 clinicians enrolled were experienced, with more than half recommending FABMs for ≥10 years, and 73% recommending more than one FABM to patients. Knowledge scores significantly improved after online training and use of the SDM tool (baseline mean score = 9.54 (scale of 0-12); post-training mean score = 10.73, p < 0.002).\n\nConclusions: Education about FABMs and training on use of the SDM tool improved knowledge scores even among an experienced cohort of clinicians. INNOVATION: The novel SDM tool can better equip clinicians to meet the rising patient interest in FABMs.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"PEC Innovation"}},"pageStart":"100061","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecinn.2022.100061","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q114660391"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.pecinn.2022.100061"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37213746"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q114660391"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/validation-of-a-brief-measure-for-complicated-grief-specific-to-reproductive-los-recqolsopchcbhqq6/","name":"Validation of a Brief Measure for Complicated Grief Specific to Reproductive  Loss","headline":"Validation of a Brief Measure for Complicated Grief Specific to Reproductive  Loss","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/validation-of-a-brief-measure-for-complicated-grief-specific-to-reproductive-los-recqolsopchcbhqq6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Cara Buskmiller","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1313-1192","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women’s Health, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathryn Grauerholz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9272-8485","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jennifer Bute","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7203-5585","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Communication, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI), Indianpolis, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria Brann","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9820-4145","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Indianapolis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052133d12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerrie Refuerzo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michaelene Fredenburg","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute of Reproductive Grief Care, San Diego, USA.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}}],"datePublished":"2023-05-22","abstract":"Objective Complicated grief reactions follow some pregnancy outcomes, like miscarriage, stillbirth, neonatal death, infant death, selective reduction, or termination of pregnancy. Stigma can delay treatment and worsen outcomes. Screening tools such as the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale detect complicated grief poorly, and specific tools for prolonged or complicated grief after a reproductive loss are cumbersome. In this study, a five-item questionnaire to detect complicated grief after reproductive loss of any type was designed and preliminary validated. Methods A questionnaire patterned after the extensively validated Brief Grief Questionnaire (BGQ) was created by a group of physicians and lay advocates to employ non-traumatic but specific language related to grief after miscarriage, stillbirth, neonatal death, infant death, selective reduction, or termination of pregnancy. One hundred and forty women at a large academic center were recruited in person and via social media to validate the questionnaire with well-studied instruments for anxiety (7-item Panic Disorder Severity Scale, PDSS), trauma (22-item Impact of Events Scale), and reproductive grief and depressive symptoms (33-item Perinatal Grief Scale [PGS]). Results The response rate was 74.9%. Of the 140 participants, 18 (12.8%) experienced their loss during high-risk pregnancies, and 65 (46.4%) were recruited via social media. Seventy-one (51%) respondents had a score > 4, a positive screen for the BGQ. On average, women experienced their loss 2 years prior to participation (IQR 1-5 years). Cronbach's alpha was 0.77 (95% CI: 0.69-0.83). The goodness of fit indices of the model met Fornell and Larker criteria (RMSEA = 0.167, CFI = 0.89, SRMR = 0.06). The AVE was 0.42 and the CR 0.78. Conclusions This investigator-created screening tool is internally consistent and meets preliminary criteria for discriminant validity. This tool can be refined prior to testing for sensitivity and specificity in screening for complicated grief after a reproductive loss.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cureus"}}},"pageStart":"e37884","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.37884","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.7759/cureus.37884"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37214013"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efforts-to-transfer-ectopic-embryos-to-the-uterine-cavity-a-systematic-review-rec9bjhmuu5npi1j2/","name":"Efforts to transfer ectopic embryos to the uterine cavity: A systematic review","headline":"Efforts to transfer ectopic embryos to the uterine cavity: A systematic review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efforts-to-transfer-ectopic-embryos-to-the-uterine-cavity-a-systematic-review-rec9bjhmuu5npi1j2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"John M. Thomas","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9395-5380","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Kevin Donovan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6115-7840","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Miguel Ángel Luque-Fernández","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6683-5164","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cara Buskmiller","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1313-1192","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women’s Health, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Miguel A Fernandez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3781-5778","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Georgetown University School of Medicine  Washington District of Columbia USA"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Columba Thomas","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1803-3778","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kennedy Institute of Ethics, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA."}}],"datePublished":"2023-05-17","abstract":"Aim: The objectives of this review are to identify and characterize attempts to transfer ectopic embryos to the uterus, and to understand arguments for and against the feasibility of such an intervention.\n\nMethods: An electronic literature search involved all English language articles published in MEDLINE (1948-), Web of Science (1899-), and Scopus (1960-) before July 1, 2022. Articles were included that identify or describe attempts to transfer the embryo from its ectopic location to the uterine cavity, or discuss the feasibility of such an intervention; there were no exclusion criteria (PROSPERO registration number CRD42022364913).\n\nResults: The initial search yielded 3060 articles; 8 articles were included. Of these, two articles were case reports that described the successful transfer of the embryo from its ectopic location to the uterus, followed by term births; both cases involved laparotomy with salpingostomy, followed by transfer of the embryonic sac into the uterine cavity through an opening made in the uterine wall. The other six articles varied in type, and provided a number of arguments for and against the feasibility of such a procedure.\n\nConclusions: The evidence and arguments identified in this review may help manage expectations for those interested in transferring an ectopically implanted embryo in the hope of continuing the pregnancy, but who are uncertain about the extent to which such a procedure has been attempted or may be possible. Isolated case reports, with no evidence of replication, should be interpreted with the utmost caution and do not constitute a procedure for clinical use.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"49","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research"}}},"pageStart":"1991","pageEnd":"1999","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jog.15678","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/jog.15678"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37194373"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-influence-of-gut-microbiota-on-oxidative-stress-and-the-immune-system-rec2c2l40akjeeakx/","name":"The Influence of Gut Microbiota on Oxidative Stress and the Immune System","headline":"The Influence of Gut Microbiota on Oxidative Stress and the Immune System","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-influence-of-gut-microbiota-on-oxidative-stress-and-the-immune-system-rec2c2l40akjeeakx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Deniz Tümen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7907-0291","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital Regensburg","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01226dv09"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Martina Müller","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3699-2139","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital Regensburg","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01226dv09"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonas Buttenschön","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital Regensburg","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01226dv09"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karsten Gülow","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital Regensburg","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01226dv09"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudia Kunst","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital Regensburg","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01226dv09"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marlen Michalski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2863-289X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital Regensburg","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01226dv09"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephan Schmid","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1761-508X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital Regensburg","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01226dv09"}}],"datePublished":"2023-05-08","abstract":"The human gastrointestinal tract is home to a complex microbial community that plays an important role in the general well-being of the entire organism. The gut microbiota generates a variety of metabolites and thereby regulates many biological processes, such as the regulation of the immune system. In the gut, bacteria are in direct contact with the host. The major challenge here is to prevent unwanted inflammatory reactions on one hand and on the other hand to ensure that the immune system can be activated when pathogens invade. Here the REDOX equilibrium is of utmost importance. This REDOX equilibrium is controlled by the microbiota either directly or indirectly via bacterial-derived metabolites. A balanced microbiome sorts for a stable REDOX balance, whereas dysbiosis destabilizes this equilibrium. An imbalanced REDOX status directly affects the immune system by disrupting intracellular signaling and promoting inflammatory responses. Here we (i) focus on the most common reactive oxygen species (ROS) and (ii) define the transition from a balanced REDOX state to oxidative stress. Further, we (iii) describe the role of ROS in regulating the immune system and inflammatory responses. Thereafter, we (iv) examine the influence of microbiota on REDOX homeostasis and how shifts in proand anti-oxidative cellular conditions can suppress or promote immune responses or inflammation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Biomedicines"}}},"pageStart":"1388","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11051388","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/biomedicines11051388"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/physician-dispositions-toward-noninvasive-non-hormonal-contraception-recvhjpinj9obypfr/","name":"Physician Dispositions Toward Noninvasive Non-Hormonal Contraception","headline":"Physician Dispositions Toward Noninvasive Non-Hormonal Contraception","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/physician-dispositions-toward-noninvasive-non-hormonal-contraception-recvhjpinj9obypfr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandra Davidson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0445-3299"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Faith Butler","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5245-3830"}],"datePublished":"2023-05-01","abstract":"Introduction: Evidence-based, nonbiased, counseling on contraceptive options, followed by shared decision-making, is key in facilitating reproductive justice in a diverse population. An estimated 3% of contraceptive users in the United States use fertility awareness-based methods (FABMs) for contraception, and demand for these methods is increasing. FABMs can be a highly effective form of family planning when used in accordance with evidence-based protocols. They are preferred by some patients due to medical contraindications to hormonal contraceptives, lack of side effects, religious convictions, preference to avoid hormones or contraceptive devices, improved body literacy, or a combination of the above. FABMs are infrequently covered in medical school curricula and are often perceived by physicians to be of low efficacy. There is an opportunity for improvement of physicians' evidence-based knowledge of FABMs, which has the potential to improve patient understanding of and access to the full menu of family planning options.\n\nMethods: A self-administered, cross-sectional survey was distributed to assess physician knowledge and opinions of FABMs by key university contacts. Univariate and bivariate statistics were calculated for close-ended questions and responses to open-ended questions were analyzed for common themes.\n\nResults: A total of 79 participants completed the entire survey. Another 11 submitted partially completed surveys. For completed surveys, questions assessing knowledge of key concepts underlying FABMs, performance by specialty was 55% correct for OB/GYN (n = 16), 55% (n = 47) correct for family medicine, 36% (n = 10) correct for internal medicine, and 35% (n = 6) correct for pediatrics. Negative, neutral, mixed, and positive opinions related to FABMs were represented.\n\nConclusions: There are opportunities to improve physicians' evidence-based knowledge of FABMs; this may improve patient-centered contraceptive care.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Kansas Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"94","pageEnd":"104","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.17161/kjm.vol16.18958","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.17161/kjm.vol16.18958"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37124100"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effectiveness-of-a-postpartum-breastfeeding-protocol-for-avoiding-pregnancy-recnhdvxpfmb1pksq/","name":"Effectiveness of a Postpartum Breastfeeding Protocol for Avoiding Pregnancy","headline":"Effectiveness of a Postpartum Breastfeeding Protocol for Avoiding Pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effectiveness-of-a-postpartum-breastfeeding-protocol-for-avoiding-pregnancy-recnhdvxpfmb1pksq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas P Bouchard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5774-0286","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Calgary","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Schneider","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8090-4971","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}}],"datePublished":"2023-05-01","abstract":"The uses of cervical mucus and basal body temperature as indicators of return to fertility postpartum have resulted in high unintended pregnancy rates. In 2013, a study found that when women used urine hormone signs in a postpartum/breastfeeding protocol this resulted in fewer pregnancies. To improve the original protocol's effectiveness, three revisions were made: (1) women were to increase the number of days tested with the Clearblue Fertility Monitor, (2) an optional second luteinizing hormone test could be done in the evening, and (3) instructions were given to manage the beginning of the fertile window for the first six cycles postpartum. The purpose of this study was to determine the correct and typical use effectiveness rates to avoid pregnancy in women who used a revised postpartum/breastfeeding protocol. A cohort review of an established data set from 207 postpartum breastfeeding women who used the protocol to avoid pregnancy was completed using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Total pregnancy rates that included correct and incorrect use pregnancies were eighteen per one hundred women over twelve cycles of use. For the pregnancies that met a priori criteria, the correct use pregnancy rates were two per one hundred over twelve months and twelve cycles of use and typical use rates were four per one hundred women at twelve cycles of use. The protocol had fewer unplanned pregnancies than the original, however, the cost of the method increased.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"90","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"182","pageEnd":"193","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/00243639231167235","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q140394992"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/00243639231167235"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37325426"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q140394992"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-risk-of-infertility-after-surgery-for-benign-ovarian-cysts-i06x6tpq/","name":"The Risk of Infertility After Surgery for Benign Ovarian Cysts","headline":"The Risk of Infertility After Surgery for Benign Ovarian Cysts","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-risk-of-infertility-after-surgery-for-benign-ovarian-cysts-i06x6tpq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Shandley LM","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1443-3651"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Spencer JB","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8156-514X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kipling LM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hussain B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mertens AC","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0989-0962"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Howards PP","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7539-8701"}],"datePublished":"2023-05-01","abstract":"Background: There is a growing body of evidence that ovarian cystectomy may negatively impact ovarian reserve. However, it is unclear whether ovarian cyst surgery puts women at risk of future infertility. This study investigates whether surgery for benign ovarian cysts is associated with long-term infertility risk. Methods: Women aged 22-45 years (n = 1,537) were invited to participate in an interview about their reproductive histories, including whether they ever had infertility or ovarian cyst surgery. Each woman reporting cyst surgery was randomly matched to a comparison woman, who was assigned an artificial surgery age equal to that of her match. Matching was repeated 1,000 times. Adjusted Cox models were fit to examine time to infertility after surgery for each match. A subset of women was invited to participate in a clinic visit to assess markers of ovarian reserve (anti-Müllerian hormone [AMH], antral follicle count). Results: Approximately 6.1% of women reported cyst surgery. Infertility after surgery was more common for women reporting cyst surgery than those without surgery after adjusting for age, race, body mass index, cancer history, parity before assigned surgery age, history of infertility before surgery age, and endometriosis (median-adjusted hazard ratio 2.41, 95% simulation interval 1.03-6.78). The estimated geometric mean (95% confidence interval [CI]) AMH levels of those who reported a history of ovarian cyst surgery were 1.08 (95% CI: 0.57-2.05) times those of women who reported no history of surgery. Conclusions: Those with a history of ovarian cyst surgery were more likely to report having a history of infertility compared with age-matched women who reported no history of cyst surgery. It is possible that both ovarian surgery to remove cysts and the conditions that lead women to develop cysts requiring surgery may affect subsequent successful conception.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of women's health (2002)"}}},"pageStart":"574","pageEnd":"582","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2022.0385","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1089/jwh.2022.0385"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36971598"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-and-vaginal-hormonal-contraceptives-induce-similar-unfavorable-metabolic-ef-rec3orhwe8w3czyvm/","name":"Oral and Vaginal Hormonal Contraceptives Induce Similar Unfavorable Metabolic Effects in Women with PCOS: A Randomized Controlled Trial","headline":"Oral and Vaginal Hormonal Contraceptives Induce Similar Unfavorable Metabolic Effects in Women with PCOS: A Randomized Controlled Trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-and-vaginal-hormonal-contraceptives-induce-similar-unfavorable-metabolic-ef-rec3orhwe8w3czyvm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mosorin ME"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anni Rantala","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oulu University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Ostrobothnia, 90220 Oulu, Finland"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Risto Bloigu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2426-3353","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oulu University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045ney286"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laure Morin‐Papunen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5987-7534","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oulu University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045ney286"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marika Kangasniemi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0514-5981","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oulu University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045ney286"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elisa Korhonen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0334-3618","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oulu University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045ney286"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laure Morin-Papunen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2935-8332","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oulu University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Ostrobothnia, 90220 Oulu, Finland"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria-Elina Mosorin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4723-080X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oulu University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045ney286"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Terhi Piltonen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9921-7300","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oulu University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045ney286"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Juha Tapanainen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3139-9128","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040af2s02"}}],"datePublished":"2023-04-28","abstract":"This clinical trial aims to compare hormonal and metabolic changes after a 9-week continuous use of oral or vaginal combined hormonal contraceptives (CHCs) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). We recruited 24 women with PCOS and randomized them to use either combined oral (COC, n = 13) or vaginal (CVC, n = 11) contraception. At baseline and 9 weeks, blood samples were collected and a 2 h glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed to evaluate hormonal and metabolic outcomes. After treatment, serum sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) levels increased (p < 0.001 for both groups) and the free androgen index (FAI) decreased in both study groups (COC p < 0.001; CVC p = 0.007). OGTT glucose levels at 60 min (p = 0.011) and AUCglucose (p = 0.018) increased in the CVC group. Fasting insulin levels (p = 0.037) increased in the COC group, and insulin levels at 120 min increased in both groups (COC p = 0.004; CVC p = 0.042). There was a significant increase in triglyceride (p < 0.001) and hs-CRP (p = 0.032) levels in the CVC group. Both oral and vaginal CHCs decreased androgenicity and tended to promote insulin resistance in PCOS women. Larger and longer studies are needed to compare the metabolic effects of different administration routes of CHCs on women with PCOS.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"2827","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12082827","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/jcm12082827"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37109164"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/age-at-natural-menopause-in-women-living-with-hiv-a-cross-sectional-study-compar-reconmb30tj1pdhjq/","name":"Age at Natural Menopause in Women Living with HIV: A Cross-Sectional Study Comparing Self-Reported and Biochemical Data","headline":"Age at Natural Menopause in Women Living with HIV: A Cross-Sectional Study Comparing Self-Reported and Biochemical Data","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/age-at-natural-menopause-in-women-living-with-hiv-a-cross-sectional-study-compar-reconmb30tj1pdhjq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Shayda A Swann","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7507-3747","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elizabeth M King","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3609-1736","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Simon Fraser University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0213rcc28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shelly Tognazzini","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amber R Campbell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3068-7849","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Health Research Institute  Vancouver British Columbia Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sofia L. A. Levy","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neora Pick","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4123-3698","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"B.C. Women's Hospital & Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c4nx247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chelsea Elwood","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2196-1348","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mona Loutfy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7887-8997","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's College Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03cw63y62"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Valerie Nicholson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3879-2483","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hélène C F Côté","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0399-5141","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Health Research Institute, H214-4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia V6H 3N1, Canada; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Rm. G227 - 2211 Wesb...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0455vfz21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Angela Kaida","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0329-1926","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Simon Fraser University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0213rcc28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Melanie C M Murray","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9538-2758","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oak Tree Clinic, BC Women's Hospital and Health Centre, 4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 0A7, Canada; Women's Health Research Institute, H214-4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia V6...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0455vfz21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2023-04-26","abstract":"Early menopause (<45 years) has significant impacts on bone, cardiovascular, and cognitive health. Several studies have suggested earlier menopause for women living with HIV; however, the current literature is limited by reliance on self-report data. We determined age at menopause in women living with HIV and socio-demographically similar HIV-negative women based on both self-report of menopause status (no menses for ≥12 months) and biochemical confirmation (defined as above plus follicle-stimulating hormone level ≥ 25 IU/mL). Multivariable median regression models assessed factors associated with menopause age, controlling for relevant confounders. Overall, 91 women living with HIV and 98 HIV-negative women were categorized as menopausal by self-report, compared to 83 and 92 by biochemical confirmation. Age at menopause did not differ significantly between groups, whether based on self-report (median [IQR]: 49.0 [45.3 to 53.0] vs. 50.0 [46.0 to 53.0] years; p = 0.28) or biochemical confirmation (50.0 [46.0 to 53.0] vs. 51.0 [46.0 to 53.0] years; p = 0.54). In the multivariable model, no HIV-related or psychosocial variables were associated with earlier age at menopause (all p > 0.05). Overall, HIV status per se was not statistically associated with an earlier age at menopause, emphasizing the importance of comparing socio-demographically similar women in reproductive health and HIV research.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Viruses"}}},"pageStart":"1058","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/v15051058","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/v15051058"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37243146"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/microbiological-and-cytokine-profiling-of-menstrual-blood-for-the-assessment-of--fuy5nydt/","name":"Microbiological and Cytokine Profiling of Menstrual Blood for the Assessment of Endometrial Receptivity: A Pilot Study","headline":"Microbiological and Cytokine Profiling of Menstrual Blood for the Assessment of Endometrial Receptivity: A Pilot Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/microbiological-and-cytokine-profiling-of-menstrual-blood-for-the-assessment-of--fuy5nydt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Manu Jain","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3397-7232","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Northwestern University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/000e0be47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mladova E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shichanina A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kirillova K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Povarova A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Scherbakova L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Panina O"}],"datePublished":"2023-04-26","abstract":"Endometrial receptivity (ER) is a key factor required for the successful implantation of the embryo. However, the evaluation of ER is challenging, as a nondisruptive sampling of endometrial biomaterial by conventional methods is only possible outside of the embryo transfer (ET) cycle. We propose a novel approach for the assessment of ER-microbiological and cytokine profiling of menstrual blood aspirated directly from the uterine cavity at the beginning of the cryo-ET cycle. The aim of the pilot study was to evaluate its prognostic potential regarding the outcome of the in vitro fertilization procedure. Samples collected from a cohort of 42 patients undergoing cryo-ET were analyzed by a multiplex immunoassay (48 various cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors) and a real-time PCR assay (28 relevant microbial taxa and 3 members of the Herpesviridae family). Significant differences between groups of patients who achieved and did not achieve pregnancy were observed for G-CSF, GRO-α, IL-6, IL-9, MCP-1, M-CSF, SDF-1α, TNF-β, TRAIL, SCF, IP-10, and MIG (p < 0.05), whereas microbial profiles were not associated with the outcome of cryo-ET. It appeared that levels of IP-10 and SCGF-β were significantly lower (p < 0.05), in patients with endometriosis. Menstrual blood may provide great opportunities to noninvasively investigate various parameters of the endometrium.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Biomedicines"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11051284","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/biomedicines11051284"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37238954"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/depression-associated-with-hormonal-contraceptive-use-as-a-risk-indicator-for-po-recvf5kzsshxou3ra/","name":"Depression Associated With Hormonal Contraceptive Use as a Risk Indicator for  Postpartum Depression","headline":"Depression Associated With Hormonal Contraceptive Use as a Risk Indicator for  Postpartum Depression","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/depression-associated-with-hormonal-contraceptive-use-as-a-risk-indicator-for-po-recvf5kzsshxou3ra/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Søren Vinther Larsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1428-4131","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rigshospitalet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mchdq19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anders Pretzmann Mikkelsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7583-9826","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Gentofte Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/051dzw862"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Øjvind Lidegaard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9157-4004","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rigshospitalet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mchdq19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vibe Gedso Frokjaer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9321-2365","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035b05819"}}],"datePublished":"2023-04-26","abstract":"Importance: Hormonal sensitivity may contribute to the risk of depression in some women, as observed during the premenstrual, postpartum, and perimenopausal phases, and when initiating hormonal contraception (HC). However, little evidence exists to support that such depressive episodes are linked across the reproductive life span.\n\nObjective: To determine whether prior depression associated with HC initiation is coupled with a higher risk of postpartum depression (PPD) than prior depression not associated with HC initiation. DESIGN, SETTING, AND\n\nParticipants: This cohort study used Danish health registry data collected from January 1, 1995, through December 31, 2017, and analyzed from March 1, 2021, through January 1, 2023. All women living in Denmark born after 1978 with their first delivery between January 1, 1996, and June 30, 2017, were eligible for inclusion; 269 354 met these criteria. Women were then excluded if they had never used HC or if they had a depressive episode before 1996 or within 12 months prior to delivery.\n\nExposures: Prior depression associated with vs not associated with HC initiation, ie, if developed within 6 months after start of an HC exposure or not. Depression was defined as a hospital diagnosis of depression or filling a prescription for antidepressant medication.\n\nMAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were calculated for the incidence of PPD defined as the development of depression within 6 months after first delivery.\n\nResults: Of 188 648 first-time mothers, 5722 (3.0%) (mean [SD] age, 26.7 [3.9] years) had a history of depression associated with initiation of HC use, and 18 431 (9.8%) (mean [SD] age, 27.1 [3.8] years) had a history of depression not associated with the initiation of HC. Women with HC-associated depression had a higher risk of PPD than women with prior non-HC-associated depression (crude OR, 1.42 [95% CI, 1.24-1.64]; adjusted OR, 1.35 [95% CI, 1.17-1.56]).\n\nConclusions and Relevance: These findings suggest that a history of HC-associated depression may be associated with a higher risk of PPD, supporting that HC-associated depression may indicate PPD susceptibility. This finding offers a novel strategy in clinical PPD risk stratification and points to the existence of a hormone-sensitive subgroup of women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"80","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA Psychiatry"}}},"pageStart":"682","pageEnd":"689","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.0807","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.0807"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37099310"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/embryology-week-1-recanjhqoh89guecu/","name":"Embryology, Week 1","headline":"Embryology, Week 1","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/embryology-week-1-recanjhqoh89guecu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ackerman KM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yusuf Saleem Khan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8765-1428"}],"datePublished":"2023-04-17","abstract":"Human embryogenesis is a complicated process by which a fertilized egg develops into an embryo. During the first eight weeks of development, the conceptus shifts from a single-celled zygote into a multi-layered, multi-dimensional fetus with primitively functioning organs. The continued growth and increased intra-embryonic complexity during the first eight weeks of development are highly dependent upon cell signaling, proliferation, and differentiation. Due to the intricacies involved, the development of the human embryo is divided into developmental events by week. Week 1 is a major part of the germinal stage of development, a period of time that continues from fertilization through uterine implantation. Important events that occur during the first week of human embryonic development include gamete approximation, contact and fusion of gametes, fertilization, mitotic cleavage of the blastomere, morula formation, blastocyst formation, and implantation of the blastocyst.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"StatPearls [Internet]"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-association-between-dietary-patterns-and-risk-of-miscarriage-a-systematic-re-recth1e49zdavktql/","name":"The association between dietary patterns and risk of miscarriage: a systematic  review and meta-analysis","headline":"The association between dietary patterns and risk of miscarriage: a systematic  review and meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-association-between-dietary-patterns-and-risk-of-miscarriage-a-systematic-re-recth1e49zdavktql/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yealin Chung","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1887-3021","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03angcq70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pedro Melo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1928-2573","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oxford","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052gg0110"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rima Dhillon‐Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6142-5350","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Birmingham Women’s and Children’s NHS Foundation Trust","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056ajev02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arri Coomarasamy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3261-9807","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Birmingham Women’s and Children’s NHS Foundation Trust","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056ajev02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Adam Devall","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5632-079X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Miscarriage Association","sameAs":"https://ror.org/011xqkf34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rima Dhillon-Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9105-874X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tommy's National Centre for Miscarriage Research, Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, United Kingdom."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Oonagh Pickering","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03angcq70"}}],"datePublished":"2023-04-16","abstract":"Importance: The evidence on the association between diet and miscarriage risk is scant and conflicting.\n\nObjective: To summarize the evidence on the association between periconceptual diet and miscarriage risk in healthy women of reproductive age.\n\nData Sources: Electronic databases were searched from inception to August 2022 without restriction of regions, publication types, or languages. STUDY SELECTION AND SYNTHESIS: Experimental or observational studies were considered for inclusion. The population was healthy women of reproductive age. Exposure was periconception diet. Study quality was assessed using the modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Summary effect sizes (odds ratio [OR] with 95% confidence interval [CI]) were calculated for each food category. MAIN\n\nOutcomes: Miscarriage rate (as defined by primary studies).\n\nResults: We included 20 studies (11 cohort and 9 case-control), of which 6 presented data suitable for meta-analysis (2 cohort and 4 case-control, n = 13,183 women). Our primary analyses suggest a reduction in miscarriage odds with high intake of the following food groups: fruit (OR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.33-0.46), vegetables (OR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.46-0.76), fruit and vegetables (OR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.50-0.81), seafood (OR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.71-0.92), dairy products (OR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.54-0.73), eggs (OR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.72-0.90), and cereal (grains) (OR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.52-0.87). The evidence was uncertain for meat, red meat, white meat, fat and oil, and sugar substitutes. We did not find evidence of an association between adherence to predefined dietary patterns and miscarriage risk. However, a whole diet containing healthy foods as perceived by the trialists, or with a high Dietary Antioxidant Index score (OR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.20-0.91) may be associated with a reduction in miscarriage risk. In contrast, a diet rich in processed food was demonstrated to be associated with increased miscarriage risk (OR, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.36-3.34). CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE: A diet abundant in fruit, vegetables, seafood, dairy, eggs, and grain may be associated with lower miscarriage odds. Further interventional studies are required to accurately assess the effectiveness of periconception dietary modifications on miscarriage risk. PROSPERO Registration: CRD42020218133.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"120","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"333","pageEnd":"357","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2023.04.011","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2023.04.011"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37061157"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-resistance-in-endometriosis-current-evidence-and-putative-mechanism-6fvkw688/","name":"Progesterone Resistance in Endometriosis: Current Evidence and Putative Mechanisms","headline":"Progesterone Resistance in Endometriosis: Current Evidence and Putative Mechanisms","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-resistance-in-endometriosis-current-evidence-and-putative-mechanism-6fvkw688/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ping Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9163-6191","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Union Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/055gkcy74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wang G","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4023-084X"}],"datePublished":"2023-04-10","abstract":"Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent disease characterized by the growth of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus. Progestins are currently the most commonly used treatment for endometriosis because of their excellent therapeutic effects and limited side effects. However, progestins have been unsuccessful in some symptomatic patients. The inability of the endometrium to respond properly to progesterone is known as progesterone resistance. An increasing body of evidence suggests the loss of progesterone signaling and the existence of progesterone resistance in endometriosis. The mechanisms of progesterone resistance have received considerable scholarly attention in recent years. Abnormal PGR signaling, chronic inflammation, aberrant gene expression, epigenetic alterations, and environmental toxins are considered potential molecular causes of progesterone resistance in endometriosis. The general objective of this review was to summarize the evidence and mechanisms of progesterone resistance. A deeper understanding of how these mechanisms contribute to progesterone resistance may help develop a novel therapeutic regimen for women with endometriosis by reversing progesterone resistance.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International journal of molecular sciences"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24086992","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/ijms24086992"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37108154"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lowdose-naltrexone-for-treatment-of-burning-mouth-syndrome-ve2ddzbr/","name":"Low-dose naltrexone for treatment of burning mouth syndrome","headline":"Low-dose naltrexone for treatment of burning mouth syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lowdose-naltrexone-for-treatment-of-burning-mouth-syndrome-ve2ddzbr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sangalli L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Miller CS"}],"datePublished":"2023-04-01","abstract":"Objective: The International Classification of Disease defines burning mouth syndrome (BMS) as a chronic intraoral burning sensation, with no identifiable local or systemic cause. Since current management is often unsatisfactory, the aim of this report is to describe a new treatment modality (i.e., low-dose naltrexone [LDN]).\n\nStudy design: A 62-year-old woman presented with the complaint of burning on the tongue of 3 years' duration. Existing comorbidities were fibromyalgia, irritable bowel syndrome, headache, and interstitial cystitis. Her reported pain intensity ranged from 2/10 (morning) to 8/10 (evening) on a numeric rating scale. With the diagnosis of BMS and hyposalivation, and in light of her current clonazepam use and fibromyalgia, a dry mouth protocol and LDN (3 mg) were prescribed.\n\nResults: After 1 month, her pain intensity decreased by 50%, with no pain upon awakening. After 2 months, the widespread pain associated with her chronic morbidities also reduced by 50%, and her headache disappeared. After adjusting LDN dose to 4.5 mg, the patient was stable at 6 months, with 50% reduction of widespread pain and 2/10 BMS pain, and no reported side effects.\n\nConclusions: These preliminary results suggest that LDN may be a feasible and effective treatment for BMS, especially in patients' refractory to traditional treatment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"135","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology"}}},"pageStart":"e83-e88","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oooo.2022.04.048","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.oooo.2022.04.048"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/laser-therapy-versus-expectant-management-for-selective-fetal-growth-restriction-rec1vijli3mrl1x3z/","name":"Laser therapy versus expectant management for selective fetal growth restriction  in monochorionic twins: A systematic review","headline":"Laser therapy versus expectant management for selective fetal growth restriction  in monochorionic twins: A systematic review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/laser-therapy-versus-expectant-management-for-selective-fetal-growth-restriction-rec1vijli3mrl1x3z/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael A Belfort","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1179-7647","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cara Buskmiller","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1313-1192","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women’s Health, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roopali V Donepudi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0387-2755","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Texas Children's Fetal Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jessian L Munoz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3938-2267","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ahmed A Nassr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1924-7965","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Magdalena Sanz Cortes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0265-9859","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}}],"datePublished":"2023-03-31","abstract":"Selective fetal growth restriction (sFGR) complicates 10%-26% of monochorionic twins. Treatment options include cord coagulation, expectant management, and fetoscopic laser photocoagulation. This review compared laser to expectant management for situations when cord coagulation is not an option. The MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases were queried for studies that compared laser to expectant management for sFGR. GRADE was used to assess quality prior to meta-analysis. A random-effects model was used to generate relative risks. Six studies were included, encompassing 299 pregnancies. One study was randomized and the remainder were retrospective cohorts. Laser is associated with more fetal deaths of the FGR twin compared to expectant management (risk ratio [RR] 2.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.43-4.37, p = 0.001, I2 = 48%). Neonatal deaths and gestational age at delivery did not differ. Laser was associated with decreased abnormal neuroimaging in the AGA twin (RR 0.25, 95% CI 0.07-0.97, p = 0.05). Neurodevelopmental outcomes did not differ, although these data are limited. Laser causes more fetal deaths of the FGR twin without altering gestational age at delivery or rates of neonatal death. The literature is heterogeneous and the level of bias is high. Randomized trials that address laser for type II sFGR are needed and should include long-term neurological outcomes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"43","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Prenatal Diagnosis"}}},"pageStart":"687","pageEnd":"698","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pd.6348","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/pd.6348"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36991554"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clinical-efficacy-of-a-novel-method-of-fertilitypreserving-adenomyomectomy-in-in-ubtvtshp/","name":"Clinical efficacy of a novel method of fertility-preserving adenomyomectomy in infertile women with diffuse adenomyosis","headline":"Clinical efficacy of a novel method of fertility-preserving adenomyomectomy in infertile women with diffuse adenomyosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clinical-efficacy-of-a-novel-method-of-fertilitypreserving-adenomyomectomy-in-in-ubtvtshp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yoon SH","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1754-2212"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lee GJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cho HJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kwon H","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3500-2834","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yun BS","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4352-1693"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lee CH","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1144-4243"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Park HS","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7873-3234"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roh JW","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2449-8742"}],"datePublished":"2023-03-31","abstract":"Beneficial and detrimental effect of surgical adenomyomectomy is still controversial in infertile women with severely diffuse adenomyosis. The primary objective of this study was to assess whether a novel method of fertility-preserving adenomyomectomy could improve pregnancy rates. The secondary objective was to evaluate whether it could improve dysmenorrhea and menorrhagia symptoms in infertile patients with severe adenomyosis. A prospective clinical trial was conducted between December 2007 and September 2016. Fifty women with infertility due to adenomyosis were enrolled in this study after clinical assessments by infertility experts. A novel method of fertility-preserving adenomyomectomy was performed on 45 of 50 patients. The procedure included T- or transverse H-incision of the uterine serosa followed by preparation of the serosal flap, excision of the adenomyotic tissue using argon laser under ultrasonographic monitoring, and a novel technique of suturing between the residual myometrium and serosal flap. All patients obtained dysmenorrhea relief 6 months postoperatively (NRS 7.28 vs 1.56, P<.001). The amount of menstrual blood decreased significantly (140.44 vs 66.33 mL, P<.05). Of the 33 patients who attempted pregnancy postoperatively, 18 (54.5%) conceived either by natural means, in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET), or thawing embryo transfer. Miscarriage occurred in 8 patients, while 10 (30.3%) had viable pregnancies. This novel method of adenomyomectomy resulted in improved pregnancy rates, as well as relief of dysmenorrhea and menorrhagia. This operation is effective in preserving fertility potential in infertile women with diffuse adenomyosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000033266","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/MD.0000000000033266"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37000061"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fisetin-a-natural-polyphenol-ameliorates-endometriosis-modulating-mast-cells-der-rectqorgw0jj7h48f/","name":"Fisetin, a Natural Polyphenol, Ameliorates Endometriosis Modulating Mast Cells  Derived NLRP-3 Inflammasome Pathway and Oxidative Stress","headline":"Fisetin, a Natural Polyphenol, Ameliorates Endometriosis Modulating Mast Cells  Derived NLRP-3 Inflammasome Pathway and Oxidative Stress","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fisetin-a-natural-polyphenol-ameliorates-endometriosis-modulating-mast-cells-der-rectqorgw0jj7h48f/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Alessia Arangia","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marika Cordaro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3980-0043","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Salvatore Cuzzocrea","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6131-3690","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ramona D'Amico","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0389-3871","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rosanna Di Paola","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0535-9070","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roberta Fusco","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0223-1403","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Daniela Impellizzeri","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9492-3161","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Francesco Macrì","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4846-2581","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ylenia Marino","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emanuela Raffone","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rosalba Siracusa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4205-7278","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}}],"datePublished":"2023-03-30","abstract":"A chronic, painful, and inflammatory condition known as endometriosis is defined by the extra-uterine development of endometrial tissue. The aim of this study was to evaluate the beneficial effects of fisetin, a naturally occurring polyphenol that is frequently present in a variety of fruits and vegetables. Uterine fragments were injected intraperitoneally to cause endometriosis, and fisetin was given orally every day. At 14 days of treatment, laparotomy was performed, and the endometrial implants and peritoneal fluids were collected for histological, biochemical, and molecular analyses. Rats subjected to endometriosis presented important macroscopic and microscopic changes, increased mast cell (MC) infiltration, and fibrosis. Fisetin treatment reduced endometriotic implant area, diameter, and volumes, as well as histological alterations, neutrophil infiltration, cytokines release, the number of MCs together with the expression of chymase and tryptase, and diminished α smooth muscle actin (α-sma) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF β) expressions. In addition, fisetin was able to reduce markers of oxidative stress as well as nitrotyrosine and Poly ADP ribose expressions and increase apoptosis in endometrial lesions. In conclusion, fisetin could represent a new therapeutic strategy to control endometriosis perhaps by targeting the MC-derived NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome pathway and oxidative stress.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"}}},"pageStart":"5076","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24065076","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/ijms24065076"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36982152"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/definition-and-criteria-for-diagnosing-cesarean-scar-disorder-recbtp75vpoqib1qt/","name":"Definition and Criteria for Diagnosing Cesarean Scar Disorder","headline":"Definition and Criteria for Diagnosing Cesarean Scar Disorder","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/definition-and-criteria-for-diagnosing-cesarean-scar-disorder-recbtp75vpoqib1qt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Klein Meuleman SJM, Murji A, van den Bosch T, Donnez O, Grimbizis G, Saridogan E, Chantraine F, Bourne T, Timmerman D, Huirne JAF, de Leeuw RA"}],"datePublished":"2023-03-30","abstract":"Importance: Approximately 60% of women develop a uterine niche after a cesarean delivery (CD). A niche is associated with various gynecological symptoms including abnormal uterine bleeding, pain, and infertility, but there is little consensus in the literature on the distinction between the sonographic finding of a niche and the constellation of associated symptoms.\n\nObjective: To achieve consensus on defining the clinical condition that constitutes a symptomatic uterine niche and agree upon diagnostic criteria and uniform nomenclature for this condition.\nDesign, Setting, and\n\nParticipants: A consensus based modified electronic Delphi (eDelphi) study, with a predefined Rate of Agreement (RoA) of 70% or higher. Experts were selected according to their expertise with niche-related consultations, publications, and participation in expert groups and received online questionnaires between November 2021 and May 2022.\n\nMAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Definition, nomenclature, symptoms, conditions to exclude, and diagnostic criteria of an illness caused by a symptomatic uterine niche.\n\nResults: In total, 31 of the 60 invited experts (51.7%) participated, of whom the majority worked in university-affiliated hospitals (28 of 31 [90.3%]), specialized in benign gynecology (20 of 31 [64.5%]), and worked in Europe (24 of 31 [77.4%]). Three rounds were required to achieve consensus on all items. All participants underlined the relevance of a new term for a condition caused by a symptomatic niche and its differentiation from a sonographic finding only. Experts agreed to name this condition cesarean scar disorder, defined as a uterine niche in combination with at least 1 primary or 2 secondary symptoms (RoA, 77.8%). Defined primary symptoms were postmenstrual spotting, pain during uterine bleeding, technical issues with catheter insertion during embryo transfer, and secondary unexplained infertility combined with intrauterine fluid. Secondary symptoms were dyspareunia, abnormal vaginal discharge, chronic pelvic pain, avoiding sexual intercourse, odor associated with abnormal blood loss, secondary unexplained infertility, secondary infertility despite assisted reproductive technology, negative self-image, and discomfort during participation in leisure activities. Consensus was also achieved on certain criteria that should be met and conditions that should be excluded before making the diagnosis.\n\nConclusions and Relevance: In this modified Delphi study, a panel of 31 international niche experts reached consensus for the constellation of symptoms secondary to a uterine niche and named it cesarean scar disorder.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA Network Open"}}},"pageStart":"e235321","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.5321","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.5321"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36988956"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-pilot-qualitative-case-study-of-womens-experiences-with-fertility-awareness-ba-recyz2spx54ergkdl/","name":"A Pilot Qualitative Case Study of Women's Experiences with Fertility  Awareness-Based Methods","headline":"A Pilot Qualitative Case Study of Women's Experiences with Fertility  Awareness-Based Methods","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-pilot-qualitative-case-study-of-womens-experiences-with-fertility-awareness-ba-recyz2spx54ergkdl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mei R Fu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3891-0109","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Melissa Pérez Capotosto","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4453-7523","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Boston College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02n2fzt79"}}],"datePublished":"2023-03-17","abstract":"This pilot qualitative case study was able to elicit rich data enabling a description of how women went through the journey of achieving pregnancy using fertility awareness-based methods. Findings underscore that women preferred using natural ways to detect ovulation and would recommend other women to do so, but with healthcare providers' guidance. The findings of this case study can serve as a starting point to provide a framework to understand women's experiences of enduring trial and error with multiple fertility awareness-based methods before discovering their effective method. Findings emphasize the importance for healthcare providers to guide women in using fertility awareness-based methods.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"90","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"82","pageEnd":"93","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00243639221133609","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/00243639221133609"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36923682"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/an-overview-of-postoperative-intraabdominal-adhesions-and-their-role-on-female-i-dlffz7cn/","name":"An Overview of Postoperative Intraabdominal Adhesions and Their Role on Female Infertility: A Narrative Review","headline":"An Overview of Postoperative Intraabdominal Adhesions and Their Role on Female Infertility: A Narrative Review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/an-overview-of-postoperative-intraabdominal-adhesions-and-their-role-on-female-i-dlffz7cn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ghobrial S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ott J","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2761-5262"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Parry JP","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2230-6716"}],"datePublished":"2023-03-15","abstract":"Postoperative intraabdominal adhesions can occur after more than 90% of gynecologic surgeries. They not only cause chronic pelvic pain and small bowel obstruction, but are also one of the main reasons for infertility. Adhesions are not only a burden for the affected patients, but are also a burden for the healthcare system, since the treatment of adhesion-associated complications costs a considerable amount of money. The gold standard for the diagnosis of adhesions is by laparoscopy, although other methods, such as transvaginal hydro-laparoscopy, are being discussed as better alternatives. Ideally, adhesions are avoided inherently, by operating carefully and by using microsurgical principles. If this is not possible, gel barriers have been shown to be successful in reducing postoperative adhesions.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of clinical medicine"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12062263","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/jcm12062263"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36983263"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-genetic-basis-of-endometriosis-and-comorbidity-with-other-pain-and-inflammat-recfzn67vx1ra1tgj/","name":"The genetic basis of endometriosis and comorbidity with other pain and  inflammatory conditions","headline":"The genetic basis of endometriosis and comorbidity with other pain and  inflammatory conditions","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-genetic-basis-of-endometriosis-and-comorbidity-with-other-pain-and-inflammat-recfzn67vx1ra1tgj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rahmioglu N, Mortlock S, Ghiasi M, Møller PL, Stefansdottir L, Galarneau G, Turman C, Danning R, Law MH, Sapkota Y, Christofidou P, Skarp S, Giri A, Banasik K, Krassowski M, Lepamets M, Marciniak B, Nõukas M, Perro D, Sliz E, Sobalska-Kwapis M, Thorleifsson G, Topbas-Selcuki NF, Vitonis A, Westergaard D, Arnadottir R, Burgdorf KS, Campbell A, Cheuk CSK, Clementi C, Cook J, De Vivo I, DiVasta A, Dorien O, Donoghue JF, Edwards T, Fontanillas P, Fung JN, Geirsson RT, Girling JE, Harkki P, Harris HR, Healey M, Heikinheimo O, Holdsworth-Carson S, Hostettler IC, Houlden H, Houshdaran S, Irwin JC, Jarvelin MR, Kamatani Y, Kennedy SH, Kepka E, Kettunen J, Kubo M, Kulig B, Kurra V, Laivuori H, Laufer MR, Lindgren CM, MacGregor S, Mangino M, Martin NG, Matalliotaki C, Matalliotakis M, Murray AD, Ndungu A, Nezhat C, Olsen CM, Opoku-Anane J, Padmanabhan S, Paranjpe M, Peters M, Polak G, Porteous DJ, Rabban J, Rexrode KM, Romanowicz H, Saare M, Saavalainen L, Schork AJ, Sen S, Shafrir AL, Siewierska-Górska A, Słomka M, Smith BH, Smolarz B, Szaflik T, Szyłło K, Takahashi A, Terry KL, Tomassetti C, Treloar SA, Vanhie A, Vincent K, Vo KC, Werring DJ, Zeggini E, Zervou MI, Adachi S, Buring JE, Ridker PM, D'Hooghe T, Goulielmos GN, Hapangama DK, Hayward C, Horne AW, Low SK, Martikainen H, Chasman DI, Rogers PAW, Saunders PT, Sirota M, Spector T, Strapagiel D, Tung JY, Whiteman DC, Giudice LC, Velez-Edwards DR, Uimari O, Kraft P, Salumets A, Nyholt DR, Mägi R, Stefansson K, Becker CM, Yurttas-Beim P, Steinthorsdottir V, Nyegaard M, Missmer SA, Montgomery GW, Morris AP, Zondervan KT"}],"datePublished":"2023-03-15","abstract":"Endometriosis is a common condition associated with debilitating pelvic pain and infertility. A genome-wide association study meta-analysis, including 60,674 cases and 701,926 controls of European and East Asian descent, identified 42 genome-wide significant loci comprising 49 distinct association signals. Effect sizes were largest for stage 3/4 disease, driven by ovarian endometriosis. Identified signals explained up to 5.01% of disease variance and regulated expression or methylation of genes in endometrium and blood, many of which were associated with pain perception/maintenance (SRP14/BMF, GDAP1, MLLT10, BSN and NGF). We observed significant genetic correlations between endometriosis and 11 pain conditions, including migraine, back and multisite chronic pain (MCP), as well as inflammatory conditions, including asthma and osteoarthritis. Multitrait genetic analyses identified substantial sharing of variants associated with endometriosis and MCP/migraine. Targeted investigations of genetically regulated mechanisms shared between endometriosis and other pain conditions are needed to aid the development of new treatments and facilitate early symptomatic intervention.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"55","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nature Genetics"}}},"pageStart":"423","pageEnd":"436","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1038/s41588-023-01323-z","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q135407420"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/s41588-023-01323-z"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36914876"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q135407420"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fallopian-tube-recanalization-for-the-management-of-infertility-recnmkmcxhrvlffyk/","name":"Fallopian tube recanalization for the management of infertility","headline":"Fallopian tube recanalization for the management of infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fallopian-tube-recanalization-for-the-management-of-infertility-recnmkmcxhrvlffyk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Anne C. Roberts","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0911-6512","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anne Roberts","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2158-8531","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Diego, 9300 Campus Point Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA. acroberts@ucsd.edu."}}],"datePublished":"2023-03-14","abstract":"Infertility is a world-wide problem, defined as failure to achieve pregnancy after 12 months of regular unprotected sexual intercourse. There are multiple causes for infertility involving both male and female factors. Fallopian tube occlusion is a common reason for female infertility. The initial attempts to treat proximal obstruction involved the use of a whalebone bougie positioned in the uterine cornua to dilate the proximal tube by Smith as early as 1849. Fluoroscopic fallopian tube recanalization for the treatment of infertility was first described in 1985. Since that time, there have been over 100 papers describing various methods for recanalization of occluded fallopian tubes. Fallopian tube recanalization is a minimally invasive procedure which is performed on an outpatient basis. It should be a first line therapy for patients with proximal occlusion of fallopian tubes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"CVIR Endovascular"}}},"pageStart":"13","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42155-023-00356-z","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s42155-023-00356-z"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36912985"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pelvic-inflammatory-disease-recsu4ggscweoqvqz/","name":"Pelvic Inflammatory Disease","headline":"Pelvic Inflammatory Disease","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pelvic-inflammatory-disease-recsu4ggscweoqvqz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jennings LK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Krywko DM"}],"datePublished":"2023-03-13","abstract":"Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is defined as an inflammation of the upper genital tract due to an infection in women. The disease affects the uterus, fallopian tubes, and/or ovaries. It is typically an ascending infection, spreading from the lower genital tract. The majority of cases of PID are related to a sexually transmitted infection. The diagnosis of PID is primarily clinical and should be suspected in female patients with lower abdominal or pelvic pain and genital tract tenderness. During the patient’s evaluation, other etiologies of pain, including ectopic pregnancy, should be considered and ruled out. PID is treated with antibiotics to cover the primary pathogens, including Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis. Short-term complications include tubo-ovarian or pelvic abscess. Long-term complications include ectopic pregnancy, infertility, and chronic pelvic pain. Early diagnosis and treatment can potentially prevent complications.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"StatPearls [Internet]"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-of-nacetylcysteine-on-endometriosisrelated-pain-size-reduction-of-ovari-0lh4ypig/","name":"Efficacy of N-Acetylcysteine on Endometriosis-Related Pain, Size Reduction of Ovarian Endometriomas, and Fertility Outcomes","headline":"Efficacy of N-Acetylcysteine on Endometriosis-Related Pain, Size Reduction of Ovarian Endometriomas, and Fertility Outcomes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-of-nacetylcysteine-on-endometriosisrelated-pain-size-reduction-of-ovari-0lh4ypig/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Erin E Anastasi"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Scaramuzzino S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Viscardi MF","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0979-8832"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Viggiani V"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria Grazia Piccioni","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2530-9587","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sapienza University of Rome","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02be6w209"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cacciamani L","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4427-4885"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Merlino L","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4281-8308"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Angeloni A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4969-9548"},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Muzii","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7195-9583","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria Grazia Porpora","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5556-3933","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sapienza University of Rome","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02be6w209"}}],"datePublished":"2023-03-07","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Endometriosis is a chronic, estrogen-dependent, inflammatory disease, whose pivotal symptoms are dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, and chronic pelvic pain (CPP). Besides the usual medical treatments, recent evidence suggests there are potential benefits of oral N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on endometriotic lesions and pain. The primary objective of this prospective single-cohort study was to confirm the effectiveness of NAC in reducing endometriosis-related pain and the size of ovarian endometriomas. The secondary objective was to assess if NAC may play a role in improving fertility and reducing the Ca125 serum levels.\n\nMETHODS: Patients aged between 18-45 years old with a clinical/histological diagnosis of endometriosis and no current hormonal treatment or pregnancy were included in the study. All patients received quarterly oral NAC 600 mg, 3 tablets/day for 3 consecutive days of the week for 3 months. At baseline and after 3 months, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia and CPP were assessed using the Visual Analog Scale score (VAS), while the size of the endometriomas was estimated through a transvaginal ultrasound. Analgesics (NSAIDs) intake, the serum levels of Ca125 and the desire for pregnancy were also investigated. Finally, the pregnancy rate of patients with reproductive desire was evaluated.\n\nRESULTS: One hundred and twenty patients were recruited. The intensity of dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia and CPP significantly improved (p < 0.0001). The use of NSAIDs (p = 0.001), the size of the endometriomas (p < 0.0001) and the serum levels of Ca125 (p < 0.0001) significantly decreased. Among the 52 patients with reproductive desire, 39 successfully achieved pregnancy within 6 months of starting therapy (p = 0.001).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Oral NAC improves endometriosis-related pain and the size of endometriomas. Furthermore, it decreases Ca125 serum levels and may improve fertility in patients with endometriosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"20","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International journal of environmental research and public health"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20064686","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/ijerph20064686"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36981595"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reproductive-surgery-revisiting-its-origins-and-role-in-the-modern-management-of-recsskagc2dotzlyo/","name":"Reproductive surgery: revisiting its origins and role in the modern management of  fertility","headline":"Reproductive surgery: revisiting its origins and role in the modern management of  fertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reproductive-surgery-revisiting-its-origins-and-role-in-the-modern-management-of-recsskagc2dotzlyo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Phillip A Romanski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0125-7302","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shady Grove Fertility Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05tcd6p82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John C Petrozza","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5864-2119","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Samantha M Pfeifer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4815-6149","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cornell University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pietro Bortoletto","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4329-3141","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Boston IVF, Waltham, Massachusetts; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts. Electronic a...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04drvxt59"}}],"datePublished":"2023-03-05","abstract":"For years, reproductive surgery was the mainstay of reproductive care. With the evolution and ultimate success of in vitro fertilization (IVF), reproductive surgery became an adjuvant therapy, indicated mainly for severe symptoms or to enhance success rates with assisted reproductive technologies. As success rates for IVF have plateaued, and emerging data rekindles the enormous benefits of surgically correcting reproductive pathologies, there is renewed interest among reproductive surgeons in reviving research and surgical expertise in this area. In addition, new instrumentation and surgical techniques to preserve fertility have gained traction and will solidify the need to have skilled reproductive endocrinology and infertility surgeons in our practice.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"120","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3 Pt 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"539","pageEnd":"550","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2023.02.031","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2023.02.031"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36870592"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-hormonal-and-reproductive-risk-factors-with-breast-cancer-in-indi-recuxdoxfwcksr4mk/","name":"Association of hormonal and reproductive risk factors with breast cancer in  Indian women: A systematic review of case-control studies","headline":"Association of hormonal and reproductive risk factors with breast cancer in  Indian women: A systematic review of case-control studies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-hormonal-and-reproductive-risk-factors-with-breast-cancer-in-indi-recuxdoxfwcksr4mk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Swagata Brahmachari","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2688-1286","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of General Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01rs0zz87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ajeet P Maurya","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5845-7236","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of General Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01rs0zz87"}}],"datePublished":"2023-03-03","abstract":"The incidence of breast cancer in India has seen a rapid increase in recent years. Hormonal and reproductive risk factors for breast cancer have been affected by socioeconomic development. Studies on breast cancer risk factors in India are limited by the small sample size and specific geographical area. The current systematic review was carried out to assess the association of hormonal and reproductive risk factors with breast cancer in Indian women. A systematic review of MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane database of systematic reviews were done. Relevant case-control studies published in peer-reviewed indexed journals were analyzed for hormonal risk factors such as age at menarche, menopause, and first childbirth; breastfeeding; abortion; and oral contraceptive pills use. Younger age (<13 years) at menarche was associated with high risk (odds ratio 1.23-3.72). Other hormonal risk factors with strong association were age at first childbirth and menopause, parity, and duration of breastfeeding. Abortion and the use of contraceptive pills did not have a clear association with breast cancer. Hormonal risk factors have a higher association in premenopausal disease and estrogen receptor-positive tumors. There is a strong association between hormonal and reproductive risk factors and breast cancer in Indian women. The protective effect of breastfeeding is related to the cumulative duration of breastfeeding.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"60","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Indian Journal of Cancer"}}},"pageStart":"4","pageEnd":"11","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijc.IJC_271_21","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4103/ijc.IJC_271_21"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36861707"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/screening-of-regulated-aromatic-amines-in-clothing-marketed-in-brazil-and-spain--ac02pllr/","name":"Screening of regulated aromatic amines in clothing marketed in Brazil and Spain: Assessment of human health risks","headline":"Screening of regulated aromatic amines in clothing marketed in Brazil and Spain: Assessment of human health risks","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/screening-of-regulated-aromatic-amines-in-clothing-marketed-in-brazil-and-spain--ac02pllr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marília Cristina Oliveira Souza","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2947-992X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade de São Paulo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036rp1748"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"González N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Herrero M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marquès M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joaquim Rovira","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0212-9353","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitat Rovira i Virgili","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g5sqv46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Martí Nadal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1974-6836","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitat Rovira i Virgili","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g5sqv46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Barbosa F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"José L Domingo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9470","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitat Rovira i Virgili","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g5sqv46"}}],"datePublished":"2023-03-01","abstract":"Azo dyes used in textile products contain aromatic amines (AAs), which may be released into the environment after skin bacteria cleavage the azo bond. In Europe, 22 carcinogenic AAs are regulated. Unfortunately, no information is available in many non-European countries, including Brazil. This study aimed to determine the concentrations of 20 regulated AAs in clothes marketed in Brazil and Spain. Generally, higher levels of regulated AAs were found in samples sold in Brazil than in Spain, which is linked to the lack of regulation. Sixteen AAs showed concentrations above 5 mg/kg in samples commercialized in Brazil, while 11 exceeded that threshold in Spain. Regulated AAs with levels above 5 mg/kg were more found in synthetic clothes of pink color. Concentrations in clothing were also used to evaluate the dermal exposure to AAs in 3 vulnerable population groups. The highest exposure corresponded to 2,4-diaminoanisole for toddlers in Brazil and 4,4-oxydianiline for newborns in Spain. Non-cancer risks associated with exposure to 4,4-benzidine by Brazilian toddlers was 14.5 (above the threshold). On the other hand, 3,3-dichlorobenzidine was associated with potential cancer risks for newborns and toddlers in Brazil. Given this topic's importance, we recommend conducting continuous studies to determine the co-occurrence of carcinogenic substances.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"221","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environmental Research"}},"pageStart":"115264","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2023.115264","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.envres.2023.115264"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sexual-and-reproductive-health-experiences-and-care-of-adult-women-with-cystic-fibrosis-reckpeqawjl1dwt46/","name":"Sexual and reproductive health experiences and care of adult women with cystic fibrosis","headline":"Sexual and reproductive health experiences and care of adult women with cystic fibrosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sexual-and-reproductive-health-experiences-and-care-of-adult-women-with-cystic-fibrosis-reckpeqawjl1dwt46/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jennifer L. Taylor‐Cousar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5436-9722","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jackson Memorial Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y070a55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gregory S Sawicki","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5588-6297","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Boston Children's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dvg7y05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Manu Jain","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3397-7232","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Northwestern University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/000e0be47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J J Billings","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9513-4057","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Vincent's HospitalMelbourne"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Denis Hadjiliadis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8602-9503","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pennsylvania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Raksha Jain","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3720-8409","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05byvp690"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Moira L Aitken","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tara L Barto","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alana Fields","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8137-7746","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emily M Godfrey","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2408-7828","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington, Box354982, 4311 11th Ave NE, Seattle WA 98105, United States.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Traci M Kazmerski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3916-8260","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Center for Innovative Research on Gender Health Equity (CONVERGE), University of Pittsburgh, PA...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sigrid L Ladores","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2867-5619","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"School of Nursing, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 S. 2nd Ave., NB485-A, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008s83205"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Daniel R Lavage","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9570-2931","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Olivia M Stransky","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2274-0005","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Innovative Research on Gender Health Equity (CONVERGE), University of Pittsburgh, PA; 230 McKee Place Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sandra Sufian","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5545-5801","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois-Chicago, 5001N. Wolcott Ave. #205 Chicago, IL 60640, United States.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jennifer L Taylor-Cousar","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Jewish Health, Denver, CO; 1400 Jackson Street, Denver, CO J318, United States."}}],"datePublished":"2023-03-01","abstract":"Background: As survival and health improve in people with cystic fibrosis (CF), more women with CF (wwCF) are considering their sexual and reproductive health (SRH). This study compared SRH experiences, behaviors, and care utilization of wwCF to the general population and defined CF-impacted considerations and care preferences.\n\nMethods: We surveyed wwCF aged ≥25 years regarding SRH and compared results to the US National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG;n = 4357) and friend controls(n = 123). We used descriptive statistics and chi-squared/Fisher's exact testing and linear regression for comparisons.\n\nResults: A total of 460 wwCF (mean age 36.1 years) completed the survey. WwCF were less likely to report current contraceptive use (43%vs76% NSFG, p<0.001;60% friends, p = 0.005). Nearly 25% of wwCF reported worsened CF symptoms during their menstrual cycles, 50% experienced urinary incontinence, and 80% vulvovaginal candidiasis. WwCF were significantly less likely to be parents (46%vs62% friends, p = 0.015) and to have experienced pregnancy (37%vs78% NSFG, p<0.001;58% friends, p = 0.002). More wwCF required medical assistance to conceive (29%vs12% NSFG, p<0.001 and 5% friends, p<0.001). Eighty-four percent of wwCF view their CF doctor as their main physician and 41% report no primary care provider (vs19% friends; p<0.001). WwCF report suboptimal rates of contraceptive and preconception counseling/care and are less likely to have received HPV vaccination (42%vs55%friends, p = 0.02). Despite desiring SRH conversations with their CF team, <50% report discussing SRH topics.\n\nConclusion: WwCF have significantly different SRH experiences than non-CF peers. They report suboptimal SRH care compared to their preferences highlighting an urgent need to encourage SRH counseling/care in the CF model.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of cystic fibrosis : official journal of the European Cystic Fibrosis Society"}}},"pageStart":"223","pageEnd":"233","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcf.2022.09.013","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jcf.2022.09.013"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36210323"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/combined-and-progestagenonly-hormonal-contraceptives-and-breast-cancer-risk-a-uk-b7ajc4ra/","name":"Combined and progestagen-only hormonal contraceptives and breast cancer risk: A UK nested case-control study and meta-analysis","headline":"Combined and progestagen-only hormonal contraceptives and breast cancer risk: A UK nested case-control study and meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/combined-and-progestagenonly-hormonal-contraceptives-and-breast-cancer-risk-a-uk-b7ajc4ra/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Fitzpatrick D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pirie K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Reeves G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jane Green","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2745-127X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Valerie Beral","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3581-9361"}],"datePublished":"2023-03-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Current or recent use of combined oral contraceptives (containing oestrogen+progestagen) has been associated with a small increase in breast cancer risk. Progestagen-only contraceptive use is increasing, but information on associated risks is limited. We aimed to assess breast cancer risk associated with current or recent use of different types of hormonal contraceptives in premenopausal women, with particular emphasis on progestagen-only preparations.\n\nMETHODS AND FINDINGS: Hormonal contraceptive prescriptions recorded prospectively in a UK primary care database (Clinical Practice Research Datalink [CPRD]) were compared in a nested case-control study for 9,498 women aged <50 years with incident invasive breast cancer diagnosed in 1996 to 2017, and for 18,171 closely matched controls. On average, 7.3 (standard deviation [SD] 4.6) years of clinical records were available for each case and their matched controls prior to the date of diagnosis. Conditional logistic regression yielded odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of breast cancer by the hormonal contraceptive type last prescribed, controlled for age, GP practice, body mass index, number of recorded births, time since last birth, and alcohol intake. MEDLINE and Embase were searched for observational studies published between 01 January 1995 and 01 November 2022 that reported on the association between current or recent progestagen-only contraceptive use and breast cancer risk in premenopausal women. Fixed effects meta-analyses combined the CPRD results with previously published results from 12 observational studies for progestagen-only preparations. Overall, 44% (4,195/9,498) of women with breast cancer and 39% (7,092/18,171) of matched controls had a hormonal contraceptive prescription an average of 3.1 (SD 3.7) years before breast cancer diagnosis (or equivalent date for controls). About half the prescriptions were for progestagen-only preparations. Breast cancer ORs were similarly and significantly raised if the last hormonal contraceptive prescription was for oral combined, oral progestagen-only, injected progestagen, or progestagen-releasing intrauterine devices (IUDs): ORs = 1.23 (95% CI [1.14 to 1.32]; p < 0.001), 1.26 (95% CI [1.16 to 1.37]; p < 0.001), 1.25 (95% CI [1.07 to 1.45]; p = 0.004), and 1.32 (95% CI [1.17 to 1.49]; p < 0.001), respectively. Our meta-analyses yielded significantly raised relative risks (RRs) for current or recent use of progestagen-only contraceptives: oral = 1.29 (95% CI [1.21 to 1.37]; heterogeneity χ25 = 6.7; p = 0.2), injected = 1.18 (95% CI [1.07 to 1.30]; heterogeneity χ28 = 22.5; p = 0.004), implanted = 1.28 (95% CI [1.08 to 1.51]; heterogeneity χ23 = 7.3; p = 0.06), and IUDs = 1.21 (95% CI [1.14 to 1.28]; heterogeneity χ24 = 7.9; p = 0.1). When the CPRD results were combined with those from previous published findings (which included women from a wider age range), the resulting 15-year absolute excess risk associated with 5 years use of oral combined or progestagen-only contraceptives in high-income countries was estimated at: 8 per 100,000 users from age 16 to 20 years and 265 per 100,000 users from age 35 to 39 years. The main limitation of the study design was that, due to the nature of the CPRD data and most other prescription databases, information on contraceptive use was recorded during a defined period only, with information before entry into the database generally being unavailable. This means that although our findings provide evidence about the short-term associations between hormonal contraceptives and breast cancer risk, they do not provide information regarding longer-term associations, or the impact of total duration of contraceptive use on breast cancer risk.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: This study provides important new evidence that current or recent use of progestagen-only contraceptives is associated with a slight increase in breast cancer risk, which does not appear to vary by mode of delivery, and is similar in magnitude to that associated with combined hormonal contraceptives. Given that the underlying risk of breast cancer increases with advancing age, the absolute excess risk associated with use of either type of oral contraceptive is estimated to be smaller in women who use it at younger rather than at older ages. Such risks need be balanced against the benefits of using contraceptives during the childbearing years.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"20","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"PLoS medicine"}}},"pageStart":"e1004188","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1004188","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1371/journal.pmed.1004188"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36943819"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/successful-implementation-of-menstrual-cycle-biomarkers-in-the-treatment-of-infe-recgrmsnfyc5dmeuu/","name":"Successful Implementation of Menstrual Cycle Biomarkers in the Treatment of  Infertility in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome-Case Report","headline":"Successful Implementation of Menstrual Cycle Biomarkers in the Treatment of  Infertility in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome-Case Report","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/successful-implementation-of-menstrual-cycle-biomarkers-in-the-treatment-of-infe-recgrmsnfyc5dmeuu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Aleksandra M. Kicińska","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2444-5672","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Gdańsk Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/019sbgd69"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tomasz H Wierzba","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4146-0487","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Gdańsk Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/019sbgd69"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Kajdy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3581-8120","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03jgmfc14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Radosław B Maksym","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2584-6734","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03jgmfc14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aneta Stachowska","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0299-1501","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Gdańsk Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/019sbgd69"}}],"datePublished":"2023-02-26","abstract":"Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common cause of anovulatory infertility. Absent, impaired, or rare ovulation induces progesterone deficiency in the luteal phase, which is a critical problem in PCOS. A usual pattern of progesterone administration from a fixed and arbitrary pre-determined day of a menstrual cycle may preserve infertility but can easily be avoided. We present the case of a 29-year-old infertile woman who had been ineffectively treated for over two years. We introduced a line of therapy that was suited to her individual menstrual cycle by implementing biomarker recording. Supplementation based on a standardized observation of the basal body temperature (BBT) and cervical mucus stopped the vicious circle of absent ovulation and hyperandrogenism, restoring regular bleeding, ovulation cycles, and fertility. The implementation of a reliable fertility awareness method (FAM), accompanied by a standardized teaching methodology and periodic review of the observations recorded by the patient, validated through an ultrasound examination and plasma gonadotropins, estrogens, and progesterone concentrations, is key to achieving therapeutic success. The presented case is an example of a clinical vignette for many patients who have successfully managed to improve their fertility and pregnancy outcomes by applying the principles of a personalized treatment approach together with gestagens by recording their fertility biomarkers.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)"}}},"pageStart":"616","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11040616","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q140366022"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/healthcare11040616"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36833150"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q140366022"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-comparison-of-two-hormonal-fertility-monitoring-systems-for-ovulation-detectio-rectk7agi2sdzqird/","name":"A Comparison of Two Hormonal Fertility Monitoring Systems for Ovulation Detection: A Pilot Study","headline":"A Comparison of Two Hormonal Fertility Monitoring Systems for Ovulation Detection: A Pilot Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-comparison-of-two-hormonal-fertility-monitoring-systems-for-ovulation-detectio-rectk7agi2sdzqird/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Qiyan Mu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0550-784X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}}],"datePublished":"2023-02-18","abstract":"Background and\nObjectives: Accuracy in detecting ovulation and estimating the fertile window in the menstrual cycle is essential for women to avoid or achieve pregnancy. There has been a rapid growth in fertility apps and home ovulation testing kits in recent years. Nevertheless, there lacks information on how well these apps perform in helping users understand their fertility in the menstrual cycle. This pilot study aimed to evaluate and compare the beginning, peak, and length of the fertile window as determined by a new luteinizing hormone (LH) fertility tracking app with the Clearblue Fertility Monitor (CBFM).\n\nMaterials and Methods: A total of 30 women were randomized into either a quantitative Premom or a qualitative Easy@Home (EAH) LH testing system. The results of the two testing systems were compared with the results from the CBFM over three menstrual cycles of use. Potential LH levels for estimating the beginning of the fertile window were calculated along with user acceptability and satisfaction.\n\nResults: The estimates of peak fertility by the Premom and EAH LH testing were highly correlated with the CBFM peak results (R = 0.99, p < 0.001). The participants had higher satisfaction and ease-of-use ratings with the CBFM compared to the Premom and EAH LH testing systems. LH 95% confidence levels for estimating the beginning of the fertile window were provided for both the Premom and EAH LH testing results.\n\nConclusions: Our pilot study findings suggest that the Premom and EAH LH fertility testing app can accurately detect impending ovulation for women and are easy to use at home. However, successful utilization of these low-cost LH testing tools and apps for fertility self-monitoring and family planning needs further evaluation with a large and more diverse population.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"59","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)"}}},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59020400","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q140374800"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/medicina59020400"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36837601"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q140374800"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptive-pill-ocp-treatment-alters-the-gene-expression-of-intercellula-oru3arjq/","name":"Oral contraceptive pill (OCP) treatment alters the gene expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) women compared to drug-naive PCOS women","headline":"Oral contraceptive pill (OCP) treatment alters the gene expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) women compared to drug-naive PCOS women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptive-pill-ocp-treatment-alters-the-gene-expression-of-intercellula-oru3arjq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yousuf SD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mohd Ashraf Ganie","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7649-6749","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03gd3wz76"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Urwat U"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrabi SM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zargar MA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dar MA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Manzoor-ul-Rehman M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mudassar S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rashid F"}],"datePublished":"2023-02-15","abstract":"Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) presents clinical symptoms of menstrual abnormalities, excessive hair growth (hirsutism), scalp hair loss, acne and infertility. Metabolic abnormalities such as obesity, insulin resist‑ ance, glucose intolerance and cardiovascular problems constitute an essential part of PCOS, all of which can have significant long-term health consequences. Low-grade chronic inflammation demonstrated by persistent moderately elevated serum levels of inflammatory and coagulatory markers plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of PCOS. Oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) constitute the mainstay of pharmacologic therapy for women with PCOS to regularize cyclicity and ameliorate androgen excess. On the other hand, OCP use is associated with various venous thromboem‑ bolic and proinflammatory events in the general population. PCOS women always carriers the increased lifetime risk of these events. The studies on the effect of OCPs on inflammatory, coagulation and metabolic parameters in PCOS are less robust. Therefore in this study, we investigated and compared the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression profiles of genes implicated in inflammatory and coagulation pathways between drug-naive and OCP-treated PCOS women. The selected genes include intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), mono‑ cyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). Furthermore, the correlation between the selected markers and various metabolic indices in the OCP group has also been explored. Method The relative amounts of ICAM-1, TNF-α, MCP-1 and PAI-1 mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 25 drug-naive PCOS subjects (controls) and 25 PCOS subjects who received OCPs containing 0.03 mg-ethinyl-estra‑ diol and 0.15 mg-levonorgestrel for at least six months (cases) were estimated using real-time qPCR. The statistical Open Access Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine diseases, involving 6–20% percent of women of reproductive age [ 1 ], with an even greater incidence among Kashmiri women [ 2 ]. Apart from the symptoms of hyperandrogenism and infertility, PCOS is associated with several metabolic abnormalities, including obesity, insulin resistance (IR), hyperlipidemia, systemic inflammation and functional atherosclerosis [ 3 – 5 ]. Elevated inflammatory and coagulatory markers characterize this low-grade inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) are potent biological markers for the development of inflammatory and metabolic diseases which may include PCOS [ 6 – 8 ]. ICAM-1 belongs to the super immunoglobulin family and is produced mainly on cell surfaces of endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, macrophages and activated lymphocytes. It is required for the adhesion of freely moving leukocytes to blood vessel walls and trans-endothelial migration to the vascular intima. This action is crucial in the evolution of atheroma from early to advanced stages. Cleavage of membranebound ICAM-1 results in circulating soluble ICAM-1 (sICAM-1) [ 9 , 10 ]. In prospective epidemiologic investigations, its levels in serum have been linked to abdominal obesity, insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease (CVD) [ 11 ]. TNF-α, a cytokine released by adipose tissue, instigates insulin resistance. In the endothelium, the TNF-α signaling pathway, which is regulated by nuclear factor kappa B (NF-KB), governs the expression of adhesion molecules such as sICAM-1 [ 12 ]. Many studies have found that women with PCOS have significantly higher ICAM-1, MCP-1 and TNF-α than women without PCOS [ 13 , 14 ]. interpretation was conducted using SPSS version 20.0 (SPSS, Inc, Chicago, IL), Epi Info version 2002 (Disease Control and Prevention Centres, Atlanta, GA) and GraphPad Prism 5 (GraphPad Software, La Jolla, CA) software. Result Six months of OCP therapy enhanced the expression of inflammatory genes viz ICAM-1, TNF-α and MCP-1 mRNA in PCOS women by 2.54, 2.05 and 1.74 folds, respectively, in this study. However, PAI-1 mRNA in the OCP group showed no significant increase. Furthermore, in cases, ICAM-1 mRNA expression positively correlated with body mass index (BMI) (p = 0.01), fasting insulin (p = 0.01), insulin 2 h p = 0.02), glucose 2 h (p = 0.01) and triglycerides (p = 0.01). TNF-α mRNA expression positively correlated with fasting insulin (p = 0.0007). MCP-1 mRNA expression positively cor‑ related with (BMI) (p = 0.002). Conclusion OCPs helped reduce clinical hyperandrogenism and regularise menstrual cycles in women with PCOS. [truncated]","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMC Women's Health"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-023-02187-5","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s12905-023-02187-5"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/investigation-of-hes-yang-chao-recipe-against-oxidative-stress-related-mitophagy-recapjpwkb7mq0xha/","name":"Investigation of He's Yang Chao recipe against oxidative stress-related mitophagy  and pyroptosis to improve ovarian function","headline":"Investigation of He's Yang Chao recipe against oxidative stress-related mitophagy  and pyroptosis to improve ovarian function","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/investigation-of-hes-yang-chao-recipe-against-oxidative-stress-related-mitophagy-recapjpwkb7mq0xha/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Chenyun Miao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7727-2870","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ying Zhao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3189-8389","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yiqing Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6870-4202","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ruoyu Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9275-0647","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bixia Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0074-8265","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qin Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1616-1805","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pingpei Dong","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03a8g0p38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ning Ren","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03a8g0p38"}}],"datePublished":"2023-02-14","abstract":"Background: Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a common gynecological disease with serious ramifications including low pregnancy rate and low estrogen symptoms. Traditional Chinese medicine is regarded as an effective treatment for POI. However, the therapeutic mechanism of it is unclear.\n\nMethods: In this study, a mouse model of primary ovarian insufficiency was established by intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide (CTX) and He's Yang Chao Recipe (HSYC) concentrate was used for intragastric administration. Serum hormone levels (Anti-Müllerian Hormone, Estradiol, Progesterone, Luteinizing Hormone and Follicle Stimulating Hormone) and Oxidative Stress (OS) related products, superoxide dismutase (SOD), GSH-Px, and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Pathological changes in ovarian tissue were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining, and flow cytometry was used to determine reactive oxygen species content and mitochondrial membrane potential levels in granulosa cells. Mitochondrial distribution and morphology were investigated using immunofluorescence staining. The level of mitophagy was evaluated by LC3 immunofluorescence staining and autophagosome counts using electron microscopy. Western blotting and qPCR were used to detect the expression of proteins and genes related to mitophagy and the NLRP3 inflammasome.\n\nResults: After HSYC treatment, the ovarian damage was milder than in the CTX group. Compared with the CTX group; SOD, GSH-Px, and the total antioxidant capacity were significantly increased, while MDA and ROS were decreased in the HSYC treatment groups. Furthermore, mitochondrial distribution and membrane potential levels were improved after HSYC treatment compared to the CTX group. After the HSYC treatment, the LC3 fluorescent intensity and autophagosome counts were decreased. Similarly, mitophagy related markers PINK1, Parkin, LC3, and Beclin1 were decreased, while p62 was significantly increased, compared with the CTX groups. The mRNA and protein expression of NLRP3 inflammasome, NLRP3, caspase-1, GSDMD, IL-18, and IL-1β were significantly decreased in the HSYC treatment groups.\n\nConclusion: This is the first study in molecular mechanisms underlying HSYC against granulosa cell injury in POI. HSYC protects ovaries from CTX-induced ovarian damage and oxidative stress. HSYC enhanced ovarian function in mice with primary ovarian insufficiency by inhibiting PINK1-Parkin mitophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome activation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology"}},"pageStart":"1077315","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2023.1077315","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fendo.2023.1077315"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36777359"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/rethinking-menopausal-hormone-therapy-for-whom-what-when-and-how-long-jo0nsx8h/","name":"Rethinking Menopausal Hormone Therapy: For Whom, What, When, and How Long?","headline":"Rethinking Menopausal Hormone Therapy: For Whom, What, When, and How Long?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/rethinking-menopausal-hormone-therapy-for-whom-what-when-and-how-long-jo0nsx8h/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Cho L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrew M Kaunitz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Florida","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y3ad647"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Faubion SS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hayes SN"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emily S Lau","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9361-6397","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pristera N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Scott N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shifren JL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shufelt CL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stuenkel CA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindley KJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"ACC CVD in Women Committee"}],"datePublished":"2023-02-14","abstract":"Menopausal hormone therapy (HT) was widely used in the past, but with the publication of seminal primary and secondary prevention trials that reported an excess cardiovascular risk with combined estrogen-progestin, HT use declined significantly. However, over the past 20 years, much has been learned about the relationship between the timing of HT use with respect to age and time since menopause, HT route of administration, and cardiovascular disease risk. Four leading medical societies recommend HT for the treatment of menopausal women with bothersome menopausal symptoms. In this context, this review, led by the American College of Cardiology Cardiolovascular Disease in Women Committee, along with leading gynecologists, women's health internists, and endocrinologists, aims to provide guidance on HT use, including the selection of patients and HT formulation with a focus on caring for symptomatic women with cardiovascular disease risk.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"147","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Circulation"}}},"pageStart":"597","pageEnd":"610","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.122.061559","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.122.061559"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36780393"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polycystic-ovary-syndrome-etiology-current-management-and-future-therapeutics-tmoawmnj/","name":"Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Etiology, Current Management, and Future Therapeutics","headline":"Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Etiology, Current Management, and Future Therapeutics","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polycystic-ovary-syndrome-etiology-current-management-and-future-therapeutics-tmoawmnj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Susheela Singh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6738-5089","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guttmacher Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01yrmk064"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pal N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shubham S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8041-1173"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarma DK","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2749-4114"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Verma V","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3298-2526"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marotta F","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6016-1864"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Manasi Kumar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9773-8014","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Nairobi","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y9nww90"}}],"datePublished":"2023-02-11","abstract":"Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine and metabolic disorder, typically characterized by anovulation, infertility, obesity, insulin resistance, and polycystic ovaries. Lifestyle or diet, environmental pollutants, genetics, gut dysbiosis, neuroendocrine alterations, and obesity are among the risk factors that predispose females to PCOS. These factors might contribute to upsurging metabolic syndrome by causing hyperinsulinemia, oxidative stress, hyperandrogenism, impaired folliculogenesis, and irregular menstrual cycles. Dysbiosis of gut microbiota may play a pathogenic role in the development of PCOS. The restoration of gut microbiota by probiotics, prebiotics, or a fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) might serve as an innovative, efficient, and noninvasive way to prevent and mitigate PCOS. This review deliberates on the variety of risk factors potentially involved in the etiology, prevalence, and modulation of PCOS, in addition to plausible therapeutic interventions, including miRNA therapy and the eubiosis of gut microbiota, that may help treat and manage PCOS.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of clinical medicine"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12041454","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/jcm12041454"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36835989"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/synchronization-of-the-ovulation-and-copulation-timings-increased-the-number-of--reci0ntq2von4bw8q/","name":"Synchronization of the ovulation and copulation timings increased the number of  in vivo fertilized oocytes in superovulated female mice","headline":"Synchronization of the ovulation and copulation timings increased the number of  in vivo fertilized oocytes in superovulated female mice","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/synchronization-of-the-ovulation-and-copulation-timings-increased-the-number-of--reci0ntq2von4bw8q/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hitomi Watanabe","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2543-5305","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kyoto University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02kpeqv85"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gen Kondoh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2564-0149","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kyoto University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02kpeqv85"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Naomi Nakagata","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5737-9993","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kumamoto University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02cgss904"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kotono Ito","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0511-8414","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kumamoto University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02cgss904"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Satohiro Nakao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9647-6350","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kumamoto University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02cgss904"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chihiro Sugahara","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kumamoto University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02cgss904"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Toru Takeo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8103-651X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kumamoto University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02cgss904"}}],"datePublished":"2023-02-07","abstract":"The number of sperm that reaches the oocytes in mammalian species is limited. In mice, 8-10 oocytes are ovulated, a similar number of sperm reaches the oocytes, and nearly all oocytes are fertilized via natural mating. Meanwhile, our improved superovulation technique (ultrasuperovulation: administration of inhibin antiserum and equine chorionic gonadotropin [IASe]) produced 100 oocytes from a single female C57BL/6 mouse but resulted in only approximately 20 fertilized oocytes via mating. We hypothesized that sperm shortage in the ampulla might cause this low fertilization rate. Mice were mated in the proestrus stage or after hormone injection, but ovulation timing was not considered. In clinical application, the rhythm method supports fertilization by testing the ovulation period and synchronizing the ovulation and copulation timings. Therefore, this study examined the effects of ovulation and copulation timings on in vivo fertilization in female mice with IASe. Synchronization of the ovulation and copulation timings increased fertilization efficiency in female mice with ultrasuperovulation. The number of embryos obtained post ovulation was three times higher than that obtained pre ovulation. This study suggests that synchronized ovulation and copulation timings improve the efficiency of in vivo fertilization in IASe-treated female mice. This technique can be used to produce genetically modified mice and develop technologies for infertility treatment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"PloS One"}}},"pageStart":"e0281330","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0281330","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1371/journal.pone.0281330"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36745586"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diagnosis-and-management-of-isthmocele-cesarean-scar-defect-a-swot-analysis-rech8sfobfggfjuwq/","name":"Diagnosis and management of isthmocele (Cesarean scar defect): a SWOT analysis","headline":"Diagnosis and management of isthmocele (Cesarean scar defect): a SWOT analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diagnosis-and-management-of-isthmocele-cesarean-scar-defect-a-swot-analysis-rech8sfobfggfjuwq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Luis Alonso Pacheco","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8521-3675","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Reproductive Surgery Unit, Centro Gutenberg, Malaga, Spain."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Carrera","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0184-578X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital Universitario 12 De Octubre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00qyh5r35"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Federico Pérez‐Milán","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0111es613"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Caballero","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0239-5558","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0111es613"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Juan Luis Alcázar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9700-0853","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Clinica Universidad de Navarra","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03phm3r45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alcázar J","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6300-6923","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad del Desarrollo"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"José Carugno","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5716-4933","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Miami","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02dgjyy92"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J A Dominguez","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"IERA (Instituto Extremeño de Reproducción Asistida)  Badajoz Spain"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Moratalla","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal","sameAs":"https://ror.org/050eq1942"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Perez-Milan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3555-5113","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain."}}],"datePublished":"2023-02-03","abstract":"The purpose of this State-of-the-Art Review was to provide a strategic analysis, in terms of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT analysis), of the current evidence regarding the management of uterine isthmocele (Cesarean scar defect). Strengths include the fact that isthmocele can be diagnosed on two-dimensional transvaginal ultrasound, and that surgical repair may restore natural fertility potential and prevent secondary infertility, as well as reduce the risk of miscarriage and other obstetric complications. However, there is a lack of high-quality evidence regarding the best diagnostic method and criteria, as well as the potential benefits of surgical repair with respect to fertility. There is a need for experienced surgeons skilled in the various isthmocele repair techniques. Isthmocele repair does not prevent the need for Cesarean delivery in subsequent pregnancies. There is increasing awareness regarding the accuracy of transvaginal ultrasound in diagnosing isthmocele. This may lead to surgical correction and prevention of obstetric and perinatal complications in subsequent pregnancies, including Cesarean scar pregnancy. Regarding threats, the existence of different surgical techniques means that there is a risk of selecting an inadequate approach if the type of isthmocele and the patient's characteristics are not considered. There is a risk of overtreatment when asymptomatic defects are repaired surgically. Finally, there is an absence of cost-effectiveness analyses to justify routine repair. Thus, while there are many data suggesting that isthmocele has an adverse effect on both natural fertility and the outcome of assisted reproduction techniques, high-quality evidence to support surgical isthmocele repair in all asymptomatic patients desiring future fertility are lacking. There is increasing agreement to recommend hysteroscopic repair of isthmocele as a first-line approach as long as the residual myometrial thickness is at least 2.5-3.0 mm.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"62","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology : the Official Journal of the International  Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"336","pageEnd":"344","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.26171","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/uog.26171"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36730180"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/influence-of-vitamin-d-supplementation-on-reproductive-outcomes-of-infertile-pat-pq8ef7g1/","name":"Influence of Vitamin D supplementation on reproductive outcomes of infertile patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","headline":"Influence of Vitamin D supplementation on reproductive outcomes of infertile patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/influence-of-vitamin-d-supplementation-on-reproductive-outcomes-of-infertile-pat-pq8ef7g1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Meng X","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4629-3606"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jinna Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0912-1197","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wan Q","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4222-2894"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jingxuan Huang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3053-8384","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Queensland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00rqy9422"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Han T","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6487-0281"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qu T","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1012-2856"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yu LL"}],"datePublished":"2023-02-03","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Low vitamin D status has been associated with an increased risk for infertility. Recent evidence regarding the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation in improving reproductive outcomes is inconsistent. Therefore, this systematic review was conducted to investigate whether vitamin D supplementation could improve the reproductive outcomes of infertile patients and evaluate how the parameters of vitamin D supplementation affected the clinical pregnancy rate.\n\nMETHODS: We searched seven electronic databases (CNKI, Cqvip, Wanfang, PubMed, Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library) up to March 2022. Randomized and cohort studies were collected to assess the reproductive outcomes difference between the intervention (vitamin D) vs. the control (placebo or none). Mantel-Haenszel random effects models were used. Effects were reported as odds ratio (OR) and their 95% confidence interval (CI). PROSPERO database registration number: CRD42022304018.\n\nRESULTS: Twelve eligible studies (n = 2352) were included: 9 randomized controlled trials (RCTs, n = 1677) and 3 cohort studies (n = 675). Pooled results indicated that infertile women treated with vitamin D had a significantly increased clinical pregnancy rate compared with the control group (OR: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.24-2.34; I2 = 63%, P = 0.001). However, the implantation, biochemical pregnancy, miscarriage, and multiple pregnancy rates had no significant difference (OR: 1.86, 95% CI: 1.00-3.47; I2 = 85%, P = 0.05; OR: 1.49; 0.98-2.26; I2 = 63%, P = 0.06; OR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.63-1.53; I2 = 0%, P = 0.94 and OR: 3.64, 95% CI: 0.58-11.98; I2 = 68%, P = 0.21). The improvement of clinical pregnancy rate in the intervention group was influenced by the vitamin D level of patients, drug type, the total vitamin D dosage, the duration, administration frequency, and daily dosage of vitamin D supplementation. The infertile women (vitamin D level < 30 ng/mL) treated with the multicomponent drugs including vitamin D (10,000-50,000 IU or 50,000-500,000 IU), or got vitamin D 1000-10,000 IU daily, lasting for 30-60 days could achieve better pregnancy outcome.\n\nCONCLUSION: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first meta-analysis systematically investigated that moderate daily dosing of vitamin D supplementation could improve the clinical pregnancy rate of infertile women and reported the effects of vitamin D supplementation parameters on pregnancy outcomes. A larger sample size and high-quality RCTs are necessary to optimize the parameters of vitamin D supplementation to help more infertile patients benefit from this therapy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E"}}},"pageStart":"17","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12958-023-01068-8","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s12958-023-01068-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36737817"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lower-anti-mu00fcllerian-hormone-levels-are-associated-with-hiv-in-reproductive--reckknsyjfyx2ri00/","name":"Lower anti-Müllerian hormone levels are associated with HIV in reproductive age women and shorter leukocyte telomere length among late reproductive age women","headline":"Lower anti-Müllerian hormone levels are associated with HIV in reproductive age women and shorter leukocyte telomere length among late reproductive age women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lower-anti-mu00fcllerian-hormone-levels-are-associated-with-hiv-in-reproductive--reckknsyjfyx2ri00/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Clara E. Van Ommen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3968-6789","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Medicine"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anthony Y.Y. Hsieh","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arianne Y.K. Albert","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3050-0888","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Health Research Institute Vancouver BC Canada"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elana R. Kimmel","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hélène C F Côté","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0399-5141","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Health Research Institute, H214-4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia V6H 3N1, Canada; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Rm. G227 - 2211 Wesb...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0455vfz21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Evelyn J Maan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5930-3514","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"B.C. Women's Hospital & Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c4nx247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neora Pick","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4123-3698","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"B.C. Women's Hospital & Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c4nx247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Melanie C M Murray","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9538-2758","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oak Tree Clinic, BC Women's Hospital and Health Centre, 4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 0A7, Canada; Women's Health Research Institute, H214-4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia V6...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0455vfz21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"CIHR Team on Cellular Aging, HIV Comorbidities in Women, Children (CARMA-Endo; CIHR CTN 277)"}],"datePublished":"2023-02-02","abstract":"Objectives: We sought to better understand factors associated with ovarian aging in women with HIV (WWH).\nDesign: HIV has been associated with diminished fertility, younger age at menopause, and shorter leukocyte telomere length (LTL), a marker of cellular aging. We herein examine cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between LTL, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), and HIV.\n\nMethods: We included WWH and HIV-negative women 12-50 years of age in the CARMA cohort with one or more study visit(s). LTL and AMH were measured by qPCR and ELISA, respectively. Women were analyzed in peak reproductive (<35 years) vs. late reproductive (≥35 years) life phases. Using multivariable mixed-effect linear or logistic regressions, we assessed factors associated with AMH and ΔAMH/year while adjusting for relevant confounders.\n\nResults: WWH had shorter LTL and lower AMH levels compared to HIV-negative controls despite being of similar age. After adjusting for relevant factors, HIV was associated with 20% lower AMH levels in women under 35 years of age and shorter LTL was associated with AMH levels below 2 ng/ml among women aged 35 years or older. Longitudinally, ΔAMH/year was largely related to initial AMH level among older women, and to age in younger women.\n\nConclusions: Factors associated with AMH change across women's reproductive lifespan. Lower AMH among peak reproductive aged WWH suggests that HIV may have an initial detrimental effect on ovarian reserve, an observation that may warrant counseling around pregnancy planning. In women aged 35 years or older, the association between shorter LTL and lower AMH suggests that the immune and reproductive aging connections are more important in this age group.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"37","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"AIDS"}}},"pageStart":"769","pageEnd":"778","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000003481","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/QAD.0000000000003481"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36726239"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/in-vitro-fertilization-increases-the-odds-of-gestational-diabetes-a-nationwide-r-fgmrchkj/","name":"In vitro fertilization increases the odds of gestational diabetes: a nationwide register-based cohort study","headline":"In vitro fertilization increases the odds of gestational diabetes: a nationwide register-based cohort study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/in-vitro-fertilization-increases-the-odds-of-gestational-diabetes-a-nationwide-r-fgmrchkj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Vaajala M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Liukkonen R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ville Ponkilainen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5026-4560","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tampere University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02hvt5f17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mattila VM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kekki M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ilari Kuitunen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8178-9610","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Eastern Finland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cyydd11"}}],"datePublished":"2023-02-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"60","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta diabetologica"}}},"pageStart":"319","pageEnd":"321","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00592-022-01975-z","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00592-022-01975-z"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36271972"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-of-hypertensive-disorders-in-pregnancy-after-fresh-and-frozen-embryo-transf-oh8ecvfx/","name":"Risk of Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy After Fresh and Frozen Embryo Transfer in Assisted Reproduction: A Population-Based Cohort Study With Within-Sibship Analysis","headline":"Risk of Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy After Fresh and Frozen Embryo Transfer in Assisted Reproduction: A Population-Based Cohort Study With Within-Sibship Analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-of-hypertensive-disorders-in-pregnancy-after-fresh-and-frozen-embryo-transf-oh8ecvfx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"H Petersen S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Westvik-Johari K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Spangmose AL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anja Pinborg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8340-104X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hvidovre Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00edrn755"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Romundstad LB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Bergh","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sahlgrenska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vgqjj36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Åsvold BO"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gissler M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Tiitinen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3088-5594"},{"@type":"Person","name":"U B Wennerholm","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sahlgrenska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vgqjj36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Opdahl S"}],"datePublished":"2023-02-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Frozen embryo transfer (frozen-ET) is increasingly common because of improved cryopreservation methods and elective freezing of all embryos. Frozen-ET is associated with higher risk of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy than both natural conception and fresh embryo transfer (fresh-ET), but whether this is attributable to parental factors or treatment is unknown.\n\nMETHODS: Using the Medical Birth Registries of Denmark (1994-2014), Norway, and Sweden (1988-2015), linked to data from national quality registries and databases on assisted reproduction, we designed a population-based cohort study with within-sibship comparison. We included 4 426 691 naturally conceived, 78 300 fresh-ET, and 18 037 frozen-ET singleton pregnancies, of which 33 209 sibships were conceived using different conception methods. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy for fresh-ET and frozen-ET versus natural conception with 95% CI were estimated using multilevel logistic regression, where random effects provided conventional population-level estimates and fixed effects gave within-sibship estimates. Main models included adjustment for birth year, maternal age, parity, and country.\n\nRESULTS: Risk of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy was higher after frozen-ET compared to natural conception, both at population-level (7.4% versus 4.3%, aOR, 1.74 [95% CI, 1.61-1.89]) and within sibships (aOR, 2.02 [95% CI, 1.72-2.39]). For fresh-ET, risk was similar to natural conception, both at population-level (aOR, 1.02 [95% CI, 0.98-1.07]) and within sibships (aOR, 0.99 [95% CI, 0.89-1.09]).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Frozen-ET was associated with substantially higher risk of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, even after accounting for shared parental factors within sibships.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"80","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)"}}},"pageStart":"e6-e16","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.122.19689","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.122.19689"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36154568"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/development-of-a-nutrition-screening-tool-to-identify-need-for-dietetic-interven-wsw0jbdt/","name":"Development of a nutrition screening tool to identify need for dietetic intervention in female infertility","headline":"Development of a nutrition screening tool to identify need for dietetic intervention in female infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/development-of-a-nutrition-screening-tool-to-identify-need-for-dietetic-interven-wsw0jbdt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Deepak Kumar K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Huntriss R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Green E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bora S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pettitt C"}],"datePublished":"2023-02-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: One in seven couples are impacted by infertility in the UK, and female infertility is often associated with several health conditions impacted by nutrition. Despite many studies aimed at identifying the critical role of nutrition in infertility, there is currently no screening tool that identifies nutritional risk factors for infertility.\n\nAIM: To propose a self-administered screening tool to identify women who would benefit from nutritional intervention to promote fertility.\n\nMETHODS: A narrative review was carried out to identify and summarise modifiable nutritional risk factors that can influence female fertility, including comorbidities that can influence nutrition intake, absorption, and metabolism.\n\nKEY FINDINGS: A nutrition screening tool outlining modifiable nutrition risk factors potentially improving female fertility has been proposed, comprising of BMI, medical history and quality of diet and lifestyle which would aid in designing evidence based dietetic services for female infertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"36","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association"}}},"pageStart":"154","pageEnd":"168","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jhn.13055","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/jhn.13055"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35762584"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gonadotropinreleasing-hormone-antagonistsa-new-hope-in-endometriosis-treatment-9pegcrqw/","name":"Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Antagonists-A New Hope in Endometriosis Treatment?","headline":"Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Antagonists-A New Hope in Endometriosis Treatment?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gonadotropinreleasing-hormone-antagonistsa-new-hope-in-endometriosis-treatment-9pegcrqw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rzewuska AM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Żybowska M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sajkiewicz I"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Żak K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Abramiuk M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kułak K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tarkowski R"}],"datePublished":"2023-01-28","abstract":"Endometriosis is a chronic disease, in which endometrial-like tissue is found outside the uterine cavity. Lesions are typically located in the true pelvis but can be found, in addition to extragenital endometriosis, in the respiratory system, the diaphragm, the pleura or the pericardium. As the extrauterine endometrial lesions undergo the menstrual cycle, they cause many symptoms, including pain, and besides infertility, they all mostly affect the quality of the patient's life. Pharmacological management of endometriosis significantly increases in importance either as a first-line treatment or as a complementary therapy after surgery. Yet, current research on antagonists of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) has revealed their potential benefits in endometriosis treatment. Their mechanism of action is to down-regulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and therefore induce a hypoestrogenic state. The resulting reduction of estrogen levels prevents disease progression and diminishes the recurrence rate after surgical removal of endometriosis. The present review summarizes recent reports of the role oral GnRH antagonists have as a significant treatment option for pain reduction in endometriosis patients.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of clinical medicine"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12031008","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/jcm12031008"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36769656"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/inositol-is-an-effective-and-safe-treatment-in-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-a-syste-recj9w9jilrurhd05/","name":"Inositol is an effective and safe treatment in polycystic ovary syndrome: a  systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","headline":"Inositol is an effective and safe treatment in polycystic ovary syndrome: a  systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/inositol-is-an-effective-and-safe-treatment-in-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-a-syste-recj9w9jilrurhd05/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna E. Juhász","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6946-045X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Semmelweis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01g9ty582"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Szilárd Váncsa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9347-8163","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pecs","sameAs":"https://ror.org/037b5pv06"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alex Váradi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8229-6340","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pecs","sameAs":"https://ror.org/037b5pv06"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zoltán Sipos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7845-8116","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pecs","sameAs":"https://ror.org/037b5pv06"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Péter Hegyi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6443-0259","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pecs","sameAs":"https://ror.org/037b5pv06"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Péter Nyirády","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7037-4919","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Semmelweis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01g9ty582"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Acs N","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3352-9544"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Szabolcs Várbíró","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7109-6906","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, 1182, Budapest, Üllői Út 78/A, Hungary. varbiro.szabolcs@med.semmelweis-univ.hu."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Horváth","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0517-1269","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Semmelweis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01g9ty582"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dorina Greff","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Semmelweis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01g9ty582"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunjune Park","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1188-3122","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Julia Szinte","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Semmelweis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01g9ty582"}}],"datePublished":"2023-01-27","abstract":"Background: Metformin is the gold standard insulin sensitizer, which is widely used to treat insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, metformin may induce gastrointestinal side effects.\n\nObjective: Inositols have long been debated as a potential alternative for metformin in treating PCOS. Therefore, the present systematic review aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of inositols in treating PCOS.\n\nMethods: The present systematic search was performed in CENTRAL, MEDLINE, and Embase from the inception until October 20th, 2021. Eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) included women diagnosed with PCOS and compared any inositols with metformin or placebo. Our primary outcome was cycle normalization, whereas secondary outcomes were body mass index (BMI), parameters of carbohydrate metabolism and clinical and laboratory hyperandrogenism. Results are reported as risk ratios or mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).\n\nResults: Twenty-six RCTs were identified, including data of 1691 patients (806 inositol, 311 with placebo, and 509 metformin groups). In patients treated with inositols, the risk (CI: 1.13; 2.85) of having a regular menstrual cycle was found by 1.79 higher than in the case of placebo. Moreover, the inositols showed non-inferiority compared to metformin in this outcome. In the case of BMI (MD = -0.45; CI: -0.89; -0.02), free testosterone (MD = -0,41, CI: -0.69; -0.13), total testosterone (MD = -20.39, CI: -40.12; -0.66), androstenedione (MD = -0.69, CI: -1,16; -0.22), glucose (MD = -3.14; CI: -5.75; -0.54) levels and AUC insulin (MD = -2081.05, CI: -2745.32; -1416.78) inositol treatment induced greater decrease compared to placebo. Inositol increased sex-hormone-binding globulin significantly compared to placebo (MD = 32.06, CI:1.27; 62.85).\n\nConclusion: Inositol is an effective and safe treatment in PCOS. Moreover, inositols showed non-inferiority in most outcomes compared to the gold standard treatment; metformin.\n\nTrial Registration: PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021283275.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology : RB&E"}}},"pageStart":"10","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12958-023-01055-z","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s12958-023-01055-z"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36703143"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevalence-of-medically-induced-psychological-trauma-and-its-influence-on-womens-recio8lqgcmllzukk/","name":"Prevalence of medically induced psychological trauma and its influence on women's  health","headline":"Prevalence of medically induced psychological trauma and its influence on women's  health","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevalence-of-medically-induced-psychological-trauma-and-its-influence-on-womens-recio8lqgcmllzukk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hämmerli Keller K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Katja Hämmerli Keller","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of St.Gallen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0561a3s31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roger Schmidt","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6531-7429","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of St.Gallen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0561a3s31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gloria Nobel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3809-1863","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of St.Gallen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0561a3s31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nicolas Germann","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5536-6598","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of St.Gallen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0561a3s31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dagmar Schmid","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7106-2407","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of St.Gallen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0561a3s31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"René Hornung","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4564-3678","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of St.Gallen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0561a3s31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Monika Krolak","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7183-3083","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of St.Gallen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0561a3s31"}}],"datePublished":"2023-01-27","abstract":"Objective: The aim of the present study was three-fold. One, to assess the prevalence of medical traumatization in outpatients of a gynecologic department; two, to analyze the relationship of medical traumatization with adverse childhood events; and three, to investigate the extent to which medical traumatization affects the health outcomes of woman.\n\nMethods: Between January and September 2022, a prospective cross-sectional study recruited patients of a gynecologic outpatient clinic at St. Gallen Cantonal Hospital in Switzerland. Medical trauma was a self-reported item. The presence of adverse childhood events was assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. The severity of post-traumatic stress was evaluated using the Impact of Event Scale Revised questionnaire.\n\nResults: In total, 227 patients were recruited. Medical trauma was reported by 20% of the interviewees and it was strongly associated with obesity (A = 0.005). Undergoing surgery was most commonly the source of psychological distress (5.7%) followed by delivery (4.8%), pregnancy loss (4.8%), and cancer diagnosis (4.0%). Yet, fewer than 1% of the patients reached the threshold suggesting post-traumatic stress disorder.\n\nConclusions: We found no relationship between the medical trauma, adverse childhood events, cardiovascular disease, or substance abuse. The presence of medical trauma was associated with the patient's body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"161","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: the Official Organ of the  International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics"}}},"pageStart":"568","pageEnd":"573","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijgo.14691","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/ijgo.14691"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36700371"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evidencebased-lifestyle-guidelines-and-selfmanagement-strategies-utilized-by-wom-s4uyeuv1/","name":"Evidence-Based Lifestyle Guidelines and Self-Management Strategies Utilized by Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome","headline":"Evidence-Based Lifestyle Guidelines and Self-Management Strategies Utilized by Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evidencebased-lifestyle-guidelines-and-selfmanagement-strategies-utilized-by-wom-s4uyeuv1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Cowan S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6731-4221"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Grassi A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8313-8384"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Monahan Couch L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jeanes Y","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0108-1645"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephen S Lim","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2734-3165","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pirotta S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8966-0296"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Harris J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"McGirr C","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6474-7037"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa Moran","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1472-4264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Monash Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02t1bej08"}}],"datePublished":"2023-01-22","abstract":"Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disorder, affecting 13% of reproductive-aged women. While lifestyle management is the first-line treatment for improving complications, women experience challenges with implementation. This cross-sectional study aims to identify the types and sources of dietary and physical activity (PA) interventions implemented by women with PCOS and understand how they use self-management strategies to support lifestyle change. An online questionnaire was disseminated via a consumer-based PCOS website (May 2015-2016). Women (n = 1167) were aged 18-45 years and primarily born within the United States (70%). A quarter or less of women (diet 25%, PA 14%) sought lifestyle advice from health professionals (medical clinicians or dietitians) compared to over half (diet 59%, PA 67%) using alternative sources, namely from online platforms. While only 33% and 16% of women reported following formal dietary or PA guidelines, respectively, 57% had implemented a 'special diet' to manage their condition, many of which were inconsistent with evidence-based practice in PCOS. Participants also displayed a low level of engagement with important self-management behaviors, including goal setting and positive self-talk. These findings suggest that online information may promote inaccurate and ineffective lifestyle advice and emphasize the need to increase engagement with qualified health professionals.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nutrients"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15030589","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/nu15030589"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36771296"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-near-infrared-light-on-well-being-and-health-in-human-subjects-with-m-recmnjjcirhegfspp/","name":"Effects of Near-Infrared Light on Well-Being and Health in Human Subjects with  Mild Sleep-Related Complaints: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled  Study","headline":"Effects of Near-Infrared Light on Well-Being and Health in Human Subjects with  Mild Sleep-Related Complaints: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled  Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-near-infrared-light-on-well-being-and-health-in-human-subjects-with-m-recmnjjcirhegfspp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marina Cecilia Giménez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2286-8850","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Groningen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012p63287"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael R. Krames","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8545-851X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Seaborough Life Science, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roelof A Hut","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4552-0985","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Groningen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012p63287"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marijke C M Gordijn","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9521-8085","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Groningen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012p63287"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Praveen R Arany","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6116-2340","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University at Buffalo, State University of New York","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anne C Berends","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4249-2843","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Seaborough Life Science, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pauline P Bollen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chrono@Work B.V., 9743 AD Groningen, The Netherlands"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rieks L Hoekman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8296-5599","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chrono@Work B.V., 9743 AD Groningen, The Netherlands"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marthe A Koopmans","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4271-5616","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Groningen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012p63287"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael S Kramer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5977-8461","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Pediatrics, McGill University Faculty of Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02w6r0892"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michelle Luxwolda","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Groningen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012p63287"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eila G Van Stipriaan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9766-6236","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Utrecht University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04pp8hn57"}}],"datePublished":"2023-01-22","abstract":"Modern urban human activities are largely restricted to the indoors, deprived of direct sunlight containing visible and near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths at high irradiance levels. Therapeutic exposure to doses of red and NIR, known as photobiomodulation (PBM), has been effective for a broad range of conditions. In a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study, we aimed to assess the effects of a PBM home set-up on various aspects of well-being, health, sleep, and circadian rhythms in healthy human subjects with mild sleep complaints. The effects of three NIR light (850 nm) doses (1, 4, or 6.5 J·cm(-2)) were examined against the placebo. Exposure was presented five days per week between 9:30 am and 12:30 pm for four consecutive weeks. The study was conducted in both summer and winter to include seasonal variation. The results showed PBM treatment only at 6.5 J·cm(-2) to have consistent positive benefits on well-being and health, specifically improving mood, reducing drowsiness, reducing IFN-γ, and resting heart rate. This was only observed in winter. No significant effects on sleep or circadian rhythms were noted. This study provides further evidence that adequate exposure to NIR, especially during low sunlight conditions, such as in the winter, can be beneficial for human health and wellness.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Biology"}}},"pageStart":"60","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biology12010060","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/biology12010060"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36671752"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/what-do-social-media-influencers-say-about-birth-control-a-content-analysis-of-y-recwacy1wubyrefas/","name":"What Do Social Media Influencers Say About Birth Control? A Content Analysis of  YouTube Vlogs About Birth Control","headline":"What Do Social Media Influencers Say About Birth Control? A Content Analysis of  YouTube Vlogs About Birth Control","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/what-do-social-media-influencers-say-about-birth-control-a-content-analysis-of-y-recwacy1wubyrefas/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M Marie Devlin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6154-572X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Delaware","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01sbq1a82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emily J Pfender","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9374-3521","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Delaware","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01sbq1a82"}}],"datePublished":"2023-01-17","abstract":"Youth get their sexual health information from social media, often from social media influencers (SMIs) or microcelebrities with large followings. Previous research suggests that SMIs have powerful persuasive effects on attitudes and behaviors. Thus, it is important to examine the ways in which sexual health information, such as birth control, is conveyed by SMIs. Using framing theory as a theoretical framework, this study examines characteristics of SMIs and their shared experiences pertaining to birth control. A content analysis of YouTube vlogs (n = 50) posted from December 2019-2021 was conducted on SMIs who talk about their experiences using hormonal and non-hormonal birth control. SMI status was determined based on the number of people subscribed to the YouTube channels. Results suggest that SMI YouTube videos are primarily about the discontinuation of hormonal birth control and may provide inaccurate sexual health information. Reasons for discontinuation of hormonal birth control provided by the SMIs are discussed. Future research should explore the effects of influencer sexual health messaging on beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"38","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Health Communication"}}},"pageStart":"3336","pageEnd":"3345","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2022.2149091","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/10410236.2022.2149091"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36642835"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/inequity-of-access-scoping-the-barriers-to-assisted-reproductive-technologies-urtkoogu/","name":"Inequity of Access: Scoping the Barriers to Assisted Reproductive Technologies","headline":"Inequity of Access: Scoping the Barriers to Assisted Reproductive Technologies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/inequity-of-access-scoping-the-barriers-to-assisted-reproductive-technologies-urtkoogu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mackay A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephen Taylor","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5712-574X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Houston Fertility Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ke8w717"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Glass B"}],"datePublished":"2023-01-16","abstract":"Infertility impacts millions of people of reproductive age worldwide, with approximately 10–15% of couples affected. When infertility is present, there are many potential barriers to treatment, leading to inequity of access. Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) are the mainstay of medical treatment for infertility and include procedures such as in vitro fertilisation. This scoping review aims to explore the barriers to accessing assisted reproductive technologies to highlight a potential role for the pharmacist in addressing these barriers. Five databases, including CINAHL, Emcare, Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science, were searched using keywords that resulted in 19 studies that explored barriers to initially accessing or continuing ART. Studies identified more than one barrier to accessing ART, with the most mentioned barrier being the geographic location of the patient, with others themed as psychological, financial, minority groups, educational level, and the age of the patient. Recommendations were made to address barriers to accessing ART, which included changes to government regulations to increase health education and promotion of infertility. Pharmacists’ accessibility, even in geographically remote locations, places them in an ideal position to address many of the challenges experienced by people accessing infertility treatment to improve outcomes for these people.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Pharmacy"}}},"pageStart":"17","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy11010017","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/pharmacy11010017"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/an-evaluation-of-us-medical-schools-reproductive-health-and-family-planning-curr-recowpkhjxeomhtiw/","name":"An Evaluation of US Medical Schools' Reproductive Health and Family Planning  Curricula","headline":"An Evaluation of US Medical Schools' Reproductive Health and Family Planning  Curricula","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/an-evaluation-of-us-medical-schools-reproductive-health-and-family-planning-curr-recowpkhjxeomhtiw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Carson G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"VanderKolk K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Adams E","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2724-9765"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marguerite Duane","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duquesne University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02336z538"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gordon L","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3916-2715"}],"datePublished":"2023-01-12","abstract":"BACKGROUND AND Objectives: Knowledge and competency in the topics of reproductive health and family planning are important for primary care physicians. Given the high rates of unintended pregnancy, increasing rates of infertility and other gynecologic conditions, it is important for medical students, many of whom will become primary care physicians, to receive good foundational knowledge of reproductive health topics. The objective of this research project was to investigate the current curricula at US medical schools to determine the breadth and extent of education that medical students receive in reproductive health.\n\nMethods: Medical students and faculty at 20 US medical schools shared all relevant materials from their required reproductive health curriculum used between 2016-2019, including syllabi, PowerPoint lectures, and official class handouts that were available to all students. From these, the number of mentions of 69 reproductive health-related terms were counted, including those related to family planning methods, abortion, ectopic pregnancy, reproductive counseling, and infertility.\n\nResults: Of the over 9000 mentions of reproductive health terms, approximately half of mentions were related to family planning, with 10% related to abortion, 10% to infertility, and 6% to reproductive counseling. Family planning strategies emphasized oral contraceptives and long-acting reversible contraceptives with limited mentions of natural or fertility awareness-based methods.\n\nConclusions: This data demonstrates opportunities for broadening reproductive health education in medical school so that future primary care physicians are prepared to discuss the full range of reproductive options for their patients.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"37","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Issues in Law & Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"117","pageEnd":"128","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sonographic-diagnosis-of-adenomyosis-ultrasound-that-cried-wolf-recjkacqlxkue8taj/","name":"Sonographic diagnosis of adenomyosis-ultrasound that cried wolf?","headline":"Sonographic diagnosis of adenomyosis-ultrasound that cried wolf?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sonographic-diagnosis-of-adenomyosis-ultrasound-that-cried-wolf-recjkacqlxkue8taj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ido Feferkorn","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9772-3613","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tel Aviv University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mhzgx49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Togas Tulandi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5253-2565","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}}],"datePublished":"2023-01-10","abstract":"The presence of adenomyosis is traditionally confirmed by histopathologic examination of the uterine specimen. Today, it could be diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging or ultrasound. Ultrasound diagnosis was previously less precise. However, with the advances in ultrasound technology including 3 dimensional ultrasound, the specificity and sensitivity of ultrasound to diagnose adenomyosis have increased. In addition, it has led to a clear increase in the prevalence of adenomyosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"119","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"490","pageEnd":"491","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2022.12.043","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2022.12.043"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36621709"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-association-between-exposure-to-multiple-toxic-metals-and-the-risk-of-endome-oy5l9ty6/","name":"The association between exposure to multiple toxic metals and the risk of endometriosis: Evidence from the results of blood and follicular fluid","headline":"The association between exposure to multiple toxic metals and the risk of endometriosis: Evidence from the results of blood and follicular fluid","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-association-between-exposure-to-multiple-toxic-metals-and-the-risk-of-endome-oy5l9ty6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"L Shen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6436-7632","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Chicago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Liang C","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1639-7543"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dongyan Li","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03tn5kh37"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhiqiang Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4692-7795","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tianjin Medical University General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/003sav965"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xi Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9885-356X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Northwestern University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/000e0be47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jiang T","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3242-249X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Su X","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8500-5008"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yin T","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1102-0034"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zou W","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5963-7247"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yi Liu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9300-2843","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Liang D","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2404-3075"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wei Z","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0778-8787"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yue Cao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2642-9402","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0014a0n68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ji D"}],"datePublished":"2023-01-10","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Endometriosis affects up to 10 % of women of reproductive age and can lead to infertility. Research investigating whether combined exposure to arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg) is related to an increased risk of endometriosis, especially using different biological samples to validate the association, is very limited.\n\nOBJECTIVE: This investigation aimed to evaluate the associations between the concentrations of As, Cd, Pb and Hg in blood and follicular fluid and the risk of endometriosis.\n\nMETHODS: A total of 609 endometriosis cases and controls seen at the reproductive center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University in Hefei, China, between April 2020 and December 2021 were included in our study. Blood (217 cases and 234 controls) and follicular fluid (182 cases and 203 controls) samples were collected from these subjects. The concentrations of Cd, Hg, As and Pb in the blood and follicular fluid were determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Unconditional logistic regression models were used to assess the associations between Cd, Hg, As or Pb levels and the risk of endometriosis; Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) was used to evaluate the combined effect of metals on the risk of endometriosis.\n\nRESULTS: We found significant associations between blood concentrations of As (highest vs. lowest tertile: aOR = 5.53, 95 % CI: 2.97, 10.30), Cd (second vs. lowest tertile: aOR = 1.96, 95 % CI: 1.07, 3.58; highest vs. lowest tertile: aOR = 3.21, 95 % CI: 1.79, 5.77), Pb (highest vs. lowest tertile: aOR = 2.73, 95 % CI: 1.56, 4.78) and Hg (high-level group vs. low-level group: aOR = 13.10, 95 % CI: 6.74, 25.44; second vs. lowest tertile: aOR = 15.27, 95 % CI: 4.96, 46.97; highest vs. lowest tertile: aOR = 35.66, 95 % CI: 11.99, 106.08) and increased risk of endometriosis adjusting for confounders. Follicular fluid As (highest vs. lowest tertile: aOR = 2.42, 95 % CI: 1.35, 4.33), Hg (highest vs. lowest tertile: aOR = 1.86, 95 % CI: 1.05, 3.29), Cd (second vs. lowest tertile: aOR = 2.45, 95 % CI: 1.29, 4.65; highest vs. lowest tertile: aOR = 3.12, 95 % CI: 1.67, 5.83), and Pb (second vs. lowest tertile: aOR = 1.97, 95 % CI: 1.11, 3.52) concentrations were positively associated with endometriosis risk. The BKMR analyses showed linear associations between the metal mixtures and the risk of endometriosis. Both in blood and in follicular fluid, As exhibited the highest contribution.\n\nCONCLUSION: The data from this study suggest that toxic metals, individually and as a mixture, play a role in the risk of endometriosis, thus providing a novel idea for endometriosis prevention.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"855","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Science of the total environment"}},"pageStart":"158882","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158882","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158882"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36155031"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vitamin-d-intakes-among-women-living-with-and-without-hiv-in-canada-rec1fjwbhxfubdzgd/","name":"Vitamin D intakes among women living with and without HIV in Canada","headline":"Vitamin D intakes among women living with and without HIV in Canada","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vitamin-d-intakes-among-women-living-with-and-without-hiv-in-canada-rec1fjwbhxfubdzgd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Shayda A Swann","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7507-3747","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudie Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5499-2661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ulrike Mayer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6225-7803","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Health Research Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0455vfz21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neora Pick","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4123-3698","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"B.C. Women's Hospital & Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c4nx247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amber R Campbell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3068-7849","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Health Research Institute  Vancouver British Columbia Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hélène C F Côté","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0399-5141","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Health Research Institute, H214-4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia V6H 3N1, Canada; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Rm. G227 - 2211 Wesb...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0455vfz21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Melanie C M Murray","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9538-2758","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oak Tree Clinic, BC Women's Hospital and Health Centre, 4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 0A7, Canada; Women's Health Research Institute, H214-4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia V6...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0455vfz21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"the CIHR team on Cellular Aging and HIV Comorbidities in Women and Children (CARMA)"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elizabeth M King","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3609-1736","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Simon Fraser University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0213rcc28"}}],"datePublished":"2023-01-05","abstract":"Background: Patterns of vitamin D intake are relatively unexplored among women living with HIV, despite its importance for women's health. We compared vitamin D dietary and supplement intakes in women with HIV and population-based national controls and investigated barriers to intake.\n\nMethods: In this case-control study, women with HIV in the Children and Women: AntiRetrovirals and Markers of Aging (CARMA) cohort were matched with Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos) controls. Participants were queried for vitamin D in dairy consumption, supplementation/dosage, and sociodemographic variables. We assessed barriers to supplementation and factors associated with dietary intake by regression modelling.\n\nResults: Ninety-five women living with HIV were age-matched to 284 controls. Women with HIV had lower income and bone mineral density and were more likely to smoke, take multiple medications and be non-white. Vitamin D dietary intake was lower in women living with HIV versus controls [0.76 vs. 1.79 μg/day; adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for greater than or equal to median intake 0.29 (0.12-0.61), p = 0.002], but any supplementation was higher [62.2% vs. 44.7%; aOR = 3.44 (95% CI: 1.16-11.00), p = 0.03]. Total vitamin D intake was similar between groups. Smoking was associated with no supplementation; non-white ethnicity and low income were related to lower dietary intake.\n\nConclusions: Women living with HIV showed lower dietary vitamin D intake but higher supplementation rates, suggesting that care providers are promoting supplementation. Women living with HIV who smoke, have low incomes and are non-white may particularly benefit from targeted efforts to improve vitamin D intake.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"HIV Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"628","pageEnd":"639","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1111/hiv.13454","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/hiv.13454"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36597960"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/jsogart-annual-report-2022-2022-0yqss8pd/","name":"JSOG-ART Annual Report 2022 (体外受精・胚移植等の臨床実施成績 2022年)","headline":"JSOG-ART Annual Report 2022 (体外受精・胚移植等の臨床実施成績 2022年)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/jsogart-annual-report-2022-2022-0yqss8pd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"@type":"Person","name":"ART Online Registration Committee"}],"datePublished":"2023-01-01","abstract":"日本産科婦人科学会 体外受精・胚移植等の臨床実施成績 2022年. ENGLISH SUMMARY: JSOG ART annual registry report for 2022 from the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Reports IVF, ICSI, and frozen-embryo-transfer cycle volumes and outcomes. Mandatory professional-society reporting from all JSOG-registered ART facilities in Japan.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polycystic-ovarian-syndrome-in-adolescents-5phlw7yg/","name":"Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Adolescents","headline":"Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Adolescents","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polycystic-ovarian-syndrome-in-adolescents-5phlw7yg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Adone A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fulmali DG"}],"datePublished":"2023-01-01","abstract":"Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a metabolic, reproductive, and psychological complex series of disorders that impacts a woman throughout her lifespan. PCOS is a disorder of hormonal imbalance occurring in women of reproductive age. This disorder is characterized by high levels of male androgens like testosterone. This can lead to symptoms like irregular periods, amenorrhea (absence of menstruation), anovulation (absence of ovulation), hirsutism, acne, and obesity. PCOS also causes metabolic impairment. Multiple peripherally arranged immature follicles of about 2-5mm in diameter are present in the ovary. These follicles do not mature due to hormonal imbalances leading to an irregular menstrual cycle. PCOS is a metabolic, reproductive, and psychological complex series of disorders that impacts a woman throughout her lifespan. Polycystic ovarian syndrome is not a fatal or life-threatening disorder as its main complication is infertility. PCOS can be a root cause of serious medical conditions like obesity, hypertension, type-2 diabetes mellitus due to insulin resistance, endometrial cancers, ovarian cancer, etc. Stress may cause the hormone levels in the pituitary to fluctuate. Since the menstrual cycle is hormone-based, there are apparent irregularities.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cureus"}}},"pageStart":"e34183","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.34183","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.7759/cureus.34183"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36843701"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/rla-2021-registro-latinoamericano-de-reproduccion-asistida-latin-american-regist-6c2cj4qx/","name":"RLA 2021 - Registro Latinoamericano de Reproduccion Asistida (Latin American Registry of Assisted Reproduction, treatment year 2021)","headline":"RLA 2021 - Registro Latinoamericano de Reproduccion Asistida (Latin American Registry of Assisted Reproduction, treatment year 2021)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/rla-2021-registro-latinoamericano-de-reproduccion-asistida-latin-american-regist-6c2cj4qx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Fernando Zegers-Hochschild","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6234-6179","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Clínica Las Condes","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j5bwe91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"REDLARA Network"}],"datePublished":"2023-01-01","abstract":"REDLARA (Red Latinoamericana de Reproduccion Asistida) annual registry report for treatment year 2021. REDLARA is a voluntary multi-country aggregation of ART centres across 16 Latin American nations, covering approximately 75% of regional ART cycles. Reports IVF, ICSI, frozen embryo transfer, oocyte donation, and intrauterine insemination outcomes. From 2010 onward most annual reports were published as papers in JBRA Assisted Reproduction. Earlier reports (1990s and 2000s) were standalone Spanish-language print/PDF registry documents. Phase B historical-archive source for the ART Registry Comparison study (cross-registry classification by reporting completeness on 7 framework dimensions).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JBRA Assisted Reproduction"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/controlled-ovarian-stimulation-in-infertile-women-a-committee-opinion-7p1oveb8/","name":"Controlled ovarian stimulation in infertile women: a committee opinion","headline":"Controlled ovarian stimulation in infertile women: a committee opinion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/controlled-ovarian-stimulation-in-infertile-women-a-committee-opinion-7p1oveb8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine"}],"datePublished":"2023-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/meeting-the-demand-for-fertility-services-the-present-and-future-of-reproductive-bw2edmp9/","name":"Meeting the demand for fertility services: the present and future of reproductive endocrinology and infertility in the United States","headline":"Meeting the demand for fertility services: the present and future of reproductive endocrinology and infertility in the United States","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/meeting-the-demand-for-fertility-services-the-present-and-future-of-reproductive-bw2edmp9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hariton E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alvero R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard-Davis G"}],"datePublished":"2023-01-01","abstract":"The field of reproductive endocrinology and infertility (REI) is at a crossroads; there is a mismatch between demand for reproductive endocrinology, infertility and assisted reproductive technology (ART) services, and availability of care. This document's focus is to provide data justifying the critical need for increased provision of fertility services in the United States now and into the future, offer approaches to rectify the developing physician shortage problem, and suggest a framework for the discussion on how to meet that increase in demand. The Society of REI recommend the following: 1. Our field should aggressively explore and implement courses of action to increase the number of qualified, highly trained REI physicians trained annually. We recommend efforts to increase the number of REI fellowships and the size complement of existing fellowships be prioritized where possible. These courses of action include: a. Increase the number of REI fellowship training programs. b. Increase the number of fellows trained at current REI fellowship programs. c. The pros and cons of a 2-year focused clinical fellowship track for fellows interested primarily in ART practice were extensively explored. We do not recommend shortening the REI fellowship to 2 years at this time, because efforts should be focused on increasing the number of fellowship training slots (1a and b). 2. It is recommended that the field aggressively implements courses of action to increase the number of and appropriate usage of non-REI providers to increase clinical efficiency under appropriate board-certified REI physician supervision. 3. Automating processes through technologic improvements can free providers at all levels to practice at the top of their license.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"120","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"755","pageEnd":"766","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2023.08.019","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2023.08.019"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37665313"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/solventfree-automated-thermal-desorptiongas-chromatographymass-spectrometry-for--clfyuxq5/","name":"Solvent-free automated thermal desorption-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry for direct screening of hazardous compounds in consumer textiles","headline":"Solvent-free automated thermal desorption-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry for direct screening of hazardous compounds in consumer textiles","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/solventfree-automated-thermal-desorptiongas-chromatographymass-spectrometry-for--clfyuxq5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Carlsson J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Åström T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Östman C"}],"datePublished":"2023-01-01","abstract":"AbstractThe global production of textiles utilizes numerous large-volume chemicals that may remain to some extent in the finished garments. Arylamines, quinolines, and halogenated nitrobenzene compounds are possible mutagens, carcinogens and/or skin sensitizers. For prevention, control of clothing and other textiles must be improved, especially those imported from countries without regulations of textile chemicals. An automated analytical methodology with on-line extraction, separation, and detection would largely simplify screening surveys of hazardous chemicals in textiles. Automated thermal desorption-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (ATD-GC/MS) was developed and evaluated as a solvent-free, direct chemical analysis for screening of textiles. It requires a minimum of sample handling with a total run time of 38 min including sample desorption, chromatographic separation, and mass spectrometric detection. For most of the studied compounds, method quantification limit (MQL) was below 5 µg/g for 5 mg of textile sample, which is sufficiently low for screening and control of quinoline and arylamines regulated by EU. Several chemicals were detected and quantified when the ATD-GC/MS method was applied in a limited pilot screening of synthetic fiber garments. A number of arylamines were detected, where some of the halogenated dinitroanilines were found in concentrations up to 300 µg/g. This is ten times higher than the concentration limit for similar arylamines listed by the EU REACH regulation. Other chemicals detected in the investigated textiles were several quinolines, benzothiazole, naphthalene, and 3,5-dinitrobromobenzene. Based on the present results, we suggest ATD-GC/MS as a screening method for the control of harmful chemicals in clothing garments and other textiles.\n                Graphical abstract","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Anal Bioanal Chem"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-023-04780-x","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00216-023-04780-x"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recommendations-from-the-2023-international-evidencebased-guideline-for-the-asse-do1r0hpv/","name":"Recommendations from the 2023 international evidence-based guideline for the assessment and management of PCOS","headline":"Recommendations from the 2023 international evidence-based guideline for the assessment and management of PCOS","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recommendations-from-the-2023-international-evidencebased-guideline-for-the-asse-do1r0hpv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Teede HJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tay CT"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laven JJE"}],"datePublished":"2023-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European Journal of Endocrinology"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ejendo/lvad096","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/ejendo/lvad096"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37580861"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/exclusion-of-disperse-orange-3-is-possible-from-the-textile-dye-mix-present-in-t-efxklm1o/","name":"Exclusion of Disperse Orange 3 is possible from the textile dye mix present in the Swedish baseline patch test series","headline":"Exclusion of Disperse Orange 3 is possible from the textile dye mix present in the Swedish baseline patch test series","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/exclusion-of-disperse-orange-3-is-possible-from-the-textile-dye-mix-present-in-t-efxklm1o/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Isaksson M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Antelmi A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dahlin J"}],"datePublished":"2023-01-01","abstract":"AbstractBackgroundThe textile dye mix (TDM) 6.6% in petrolatum contains Disperse Blue (DB) 35, Disperse Yellow 3, Disperse Orange (DO) 1 and 3, Disperse Red 1 and 17, and DB 106 and 124. The most frequent allergen in TDM‐positive patients is DO 3. Around 85% of para‐phenylenediamine (PPD)‐allergic dermatitis patients have been positive to DO 3. There has been a discussion to exclude DO 3 from TDM 6.6% because of strong simultaneous reactions to TDM and PPD.ObjectivesTo study if DO 3 can be excluded from TDM 6.6%.MethodsPatch tests were performed on 1481 dermatitis patients with TDM 6.6%, TDM 7.0% (without DO 3 but the other disperse dyes at 1.0% each), DO 3 1.0%, and PPD 1.0% pet.ResultsContact allergy to TDM 6.6% was 3.6% and to TDM 7.0% was 3.0%. All 26 DO 3‐positive patients were positive to PPD. The 44 patients positive to TDM 7.0% plus the 13 positive to PPD and TDM 6.6% but negative to TDM 7.0% were 57, outnumbering the 53 positive to TDM 6.6%.ConclusionTDM 7.0% can replace TDM 6.6% in the Swedish baseline series, since TDM 7.0% together with PPD 1.0% will detect patients with textile dye allergy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contact Dermatitis"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cod.14223","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/cod.14223"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ethnic-diversity-in-fertility-treatment-2021-recyljrjwfaquzinj/","name":"Ethnic Diversity in Fertility Treatment 2021","headline":"Ethnic Diversity in Fertility Treatment 2021","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ethnic-diversity-in-fertility-treatment-2021-recyljrjwfaquzinj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority"}],"datePublished":"2023-01-01","abstract":"# Ethnic diversity in fertility treatment 2021\nPreliminary UK ethnicity statistics for IVF and DI treatment, storage, and donation\nPublished: December 2023\n[Download the underlying dataset as .xlsx](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/media/5rgnpqsr/ethnic-diversity-in-fertility-treatment-2021-underlying-dataset.xlsx \"Ethnic diversity in fertility treatment 2021 - underlying dataset\")\n## Table of contents\n- [Main points](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/ethnic-diversity-in-fertility-treatment-2021/#main-points)\n- [Introduction](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/ethnic-diversity-in-fertility-treatment-2021/#introduction)\n- [Note on preliminary and ethnicity data](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/ethnic-diversity-in-fertility-treatment-2021/#note-on-preliminary-and-ethnicity-data)\n- [Section 1. IVF birth rates increased across all ethnic groups, though disparities remain](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/ethnic-diversity-in-fertility-treatment-2021/#section-1)\n- [Section 2. Black patients started fertility treatment later than other ethnic groups](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/ethnic-diversity-in-fertility-treatment-2021/#section-2)\n- [Section 3. DI predominantly used by White patients](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/ethnic-diversity-in-fertility-treatment-2021/#section-3)\n- [Section 4. Imported donor sperm and eggs vary by ethnicity](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/ethnic-diversity-in-fertility-treatment-2021/#section-4)\n- [Section 5. Multiple birth rate decreased in all ethnic groups, but remain highest for Black patients](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/ethnic-diversity-in-fertility-treatment-2021/#section-5)\n- [Section 6. Use of egg storage was similar across all ethnic groups](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/res...","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-novel-therapeutic-approach-for-endometriosis-using-adiposederived-stem-cellder-evfqag8j/","name":"A novel therapeutic approach for endometriosis using adipose-derived stem cell-derived conditioned medium- A new hope for endometriotic patients in improving fertility","headline":"A novel therapeutic approach for endometriosis using adipose-derived stem cell-derived conditioned medium- A new hope for endometriotic patients in improving fertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-novel-therapeutic-approach-for-endometriosis-using-adiposederived-stem-cellder-evfqag8j/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Huang SJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Huang CY"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Huang YH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cheng JH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yu YC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lai JC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hung YP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chun-Pin Chang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0061-3478","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, and Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shiu LY"}],"datePublished":"2023-01-01","abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Endometriosis is defined as the growth of endometrial glands and stromal cells in a heterotopic location with immune dysregulation. It usually leads to chronic pelvic pain and subfertility. Although various treatments are available, the recurrence rate remains high. Adipose tissue is an abundant source of multipotent mesenchymal adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs). ADSCs display effects on not only tissue regeneration, but also immune regulation. Thus, the current study aims to test the effects of ADSCs on the growth of endometriosis.\n\nMETHODS: ADSCs isolated from lipoaspiration-generated adipose tissue and their conditioned medium (ADSC-CM) were subjected to quality validation, including karyotyping as well as growth promotion and sterility tests for microbial contamination under Good Tissue Practice and Good Manufacturing Practice regulations. An autologous endometriosis mouse model was established by suturing endometrial tissue to peritoneal wall followed by treating with DMEM/F12 medium, ADSC-CM, ADSCs or ADSC-CM+ADSCs for 28 days. The area of endometriotic cysts and the degree of pelvic adhesion were measured. ICAM-1, VEGF and caspase 3 expression was assessed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry. Moreover, the mice were allowed to mate and deliver. The pregnancy outcomes were recorded. The ADSC-CM was subjected to proteomics analysis with further data mining with Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA).\n\nRESULTS: Both ADSC-CM and ADSCs passed quality validation. ADSC-CM reduced the area of endometriotic cysts. The inhibition by ADSC-CM was obliterated by adding ADSCs. The presence of ADSCs with or without ADSC-CM increased the peritoneal adhesion. ADSC-CM inhibited ICAM-1 and VEGF mRNA and protein expression, whereas the addition of ADSCs not only did not inhibit by itself, but also blocked the inhibition by ADSC-CM. The resorption rate was reduced by ADSC-CM. The number of live birth/dam and the survival rate of pup at 1 week-old were both increased by ADSC-CM in mice with endometriosis. IPA demonstrated that PTX3 was potentially critical for the inhibition of endometriosis by ADSC-CM due to its anti-inflammatory and antiangiogenic properties as well as its importance in implantation.\n\nCONCLUSION: ADSC-CM inhibited endometriosis development and improved pregnancy outcomes in mice. Potential translation to clinical treatment for human endometriosis is expected.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in endocrinology"}},"pageStart":"1158527","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2023.1158527","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fendo.2023.1158527"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37293500"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-and-cardiovascular-disease-a-populationbased-cohort-study-eymmyvu5/","name":"Endometriosis and cardiovascular disease: a population-based cohort study","headline":"Endometriosis and cardiovascular disease: a population-based cohort study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-and-cardiovascular-disease-a-populationbased-cohort-study-eymmyvu5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Blom JN"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Velez MP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"McClintock C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shellenberger J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pudwell J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brogly SB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bougie O"}],"datePublished":"2023-01-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Endometriosis, a prevalent condition among females of reproductive age, may be associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) through chronic inflammation and early menopause. The objective of this study was to estimate the association between endometriosis and subsequent risk of CVD.\n\nMETHODS: We conducted a population-based cohort study using administrative health data from Ontario residents from 1993 to 2015. We compared the incidence of CVD and cardiovascular health outcomes between females with endometriosis and 2 age-matched females without endometriosis. The primary outcome was hospital admission for CVD. Secondary outcomes included in-hospital CVD events of interest and emergency department visits for CVD. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) between endometriosis and CVD events.\n\nRESULTS: We identified 166 835 eligible patients with endometriosis and matched 333 706 patients without endometriosis. The mean age of those with endometriosis was 36.4 years. Patients with endometriosis had a higher incidence of hospital admission for CVD (195 admissions/100 000 person-years) compared with those without endometriosis (163 admissions/100 000 person-years). Similarly, the incidence of secondary CVD events was slightly higher among patients with endometriosis (292 cases/100 000 person-years) than among those without endometriosis (224 cases/100 000 person-years). Females with endometriosis had an increased risk of hospital admission (adjusted HR 1.14, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.10-1.19) and secondary CVD events (adjusted HR 1.26, 95% CI 1.23-1.30).\n\nINTERPRETATION: In this large, population-based study, endometriosis was associated with a small increased risk of CVD events. Future studies need to investigate potential etiological mechanisms and strategies to decrease long-term CVD risk in patients with endometriosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"CMAJ open"}}},"pageStart":"E227-E236","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.9778/cmajo.20220144","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.9778/cmajo.20220144"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36882211"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-in-japan-a-summary-report-for-2020-by-the-ethic-j00ixozs/","name":"Assisted reproductive technology in Japan: A summary report for 2020 by the Ethics Committee of the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology","headline":"Assisted reproductive technology in Japan: A summary report for 2020 by the Ethics Committee of the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-in-japan-a-summary-report-for-2020-by-the-ethic-j00ixozs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Katagiri Y"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jwa SC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kuwahara A et al"}],"datePublished":"2023-01-01","abstract":"Annual summary report on assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycles performed in Japan during 2020, published by the Ethics Committee of the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology (JSOG).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reprod Med Biol"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rmb2.12494","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/rmb2.12494"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36618448"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dynamic-variation-and-inhalation-exposure-of-organophosphates-esters-and-phthali-jictbmbr/","name":"Dynamic variation and inhalation exposure of organophosphates esters and phthalic acid esters in face masks","headline":"Dynamic variation and inhalation exposure of organophosphates esters and phthalic acid esters in face masks","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dynamic-variation-and-inhalation-exposure-of-organophosphates-esters-and-phthali-jictbmbr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Caixia Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1534-5135","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059cjpv64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Su ZH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"He MJ"}],"datePublished":"2023-01-01","abstract":"The coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) has posed a huge global health threat since December 2019. Wearing face masks is known as an effective measure for controlling the wide spread of COVID-19 and its variants. But on the other hand, face masks could be a potential source of organophosphate esters (OPEs) and phthalic acid esters (PAEs) as they are extensively added in masks. However, knowledge associated with the occurrence as well as inhalation risks of OPEs and PAEs in masks is limited. In this study, OPEs and PAEs were determined in different types of mask samples collected from the local market. OPEs and PAEs were detected in mask samples ranging from 36.7 to 855 ng/g, and from 251 to 3830 ng/g, respectively. Relatively lower OPEs and PAEs concentrations were observed in disposable mask for toddlers. Simulated inhalation experiment indicated that the mass loss of OPEs and PAEs was 136 and 3910 ng/mask in disposable masks, 71.9 and 763 ng/mask in disposable mask for toddlers, 924 and 1020 ng/mask in N95 mask after 12 h, respectively. Significantly negative correlations were exhibited between the decrement of OPEs in masks and the increment of OPEs in corresponding polyurethane foams (PUFs) during the course, elucidating OPEs released from masks could be well captured by PUFs. With regard to the variation over time, predominant OPE and PAE analogues showed semblable release and absorption tendency in mask and corresponding PUF. Inhalation exposure risk of OPEs and PAEs was estimated based on the increment of pollutants in PUF. The estimated daily intakes (EDIs), hazard index (HI) and carcinogenic risk (CR) were also calculated and they were within the threshold levels. This study provides the evidence of OPEs and PAEs releasing from the face masks during wearing and unveiled a potential source of OPEs and PAEs exposure to humans.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"316","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environmental Pollution"}},"pageStart":"120703","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120703","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120703"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/previous-induced-abortion-or-miscarriage-is-associated-with-increased-odds-for-g-kt1mfhdb/","name":"Previous induced abortion or miscarriage is associated with increased odds for gestational diabetes: a nationwide register-based cohort study in Finland","headline":"Previous induced abortion or miscarriage is associated with increased odds for gestational diabetes: a nationwide register-based cohort study in Finland","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/previous-induced-abortion-or-miscarriage-is-associated-with-increased-odds-for-g-kt1mfhdb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Vaajala M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Liukkonen R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ville Ponkilainen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5026-4560","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tampere University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02hvt5f17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kekki M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mattila VM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ilari Kuitunen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8178-9610","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Eastern Finland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cyydd11"}}],"datePublished":"2023-01-01","abstract":"AIMS: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between previous induced abortion or miscarriage and the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) using high-quality register data. METHODS: In this retrospective nationwide register-based cohort study, data from the national medical birth register (MBR) were used to evaluate the association between a history of miscarriage or induced abortion and GDM. We included all first pregnancies ending in delivery in which the oral glucose tolerance test was performed between 2004 and 2018. A logistic regression model was used to assess the development of GDM in the first pregnancy ending in delivery. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with 95% confidence intervals (Cis) were compared between groups. RESULTS: In total, 15,873 nulliparous women with a history of induced abortions, 22,337 with a history of miscarriages and 3594 with a history of both were found. The reference group consisted of 138,869 women without a history of induced abortions or miscarriages. Women with a history of induced abortions (24.7%, aOR 1.15 [CI 1.11-1.20]), a history of miscarriages (24.8%, aOR 1.14 [CI 1.10-1.18]) and a history of both (27.7% aOR 1.18 [CI 1.09-1.28]) had higher odds for the development of GDM when compared to the reference group (20.8%). The odds for GDM increased along with the increasing number of previous induced abortions and miscarriages. CONCLUSION: Women with a history of induced abortions or miscarriages had higher odds for GDM in their first pregnancy leading to birth. Knowledge of this association will be helpful in the prevention and screening of GDM.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta diabetologica"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00592-023-02047-6","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00592-023-02047-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36856862"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/erratum-is-intracrinology-of-endometriosis-relevant-in-clinical-practice-a-systematic-review-on-estrogen-metabolism-recxdhcqtkihssz1m/","name":"Erratum: Is intracrinology of endometriosis relevant in clinical practice? A systematic review on estrogen metabolism","headline":"Erratum: Is intracrinology of endometriosis relevant in clinical practice? A systematic review on estrogen metabolism","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/erratum-is-intracrinology-of-endometriosis-relevant-in-clinical-practice-a-systematic-review-on-estrogen-metabolism-recxdhcqtkihssz1m/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Unnamed record"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Frontiers Production Office"}],"datePublished":"2023-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2023.1177346","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fendo.2023.1177346"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/rapport-annuel-damp-vigilance-2022-ndayrtmg/","name":"Rapport annuel d'AMP Vigilance 2022","headline":"Rapport annuel d'AMP Vigilance 2022","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/rapport-annuel-damp-vigilance-2022-ndayrtmg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Agence de la biomédecine"}],"datePublished":"2023-01-01","abstract":"Rapport annuel d'AMP Vigilance 2022 de l'Agence de la biomédecine. ENGLISH SUMMARY: 2022 ART adverse-event surveillance report from the French Agence de la biomédecine, covering serious adverse events and reactions in assisted reproduction during 2022.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Agence de la biomédecine - AMP Vigilance"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/microfiber-emissions-from-functionalized-textiles-potential-threat-for-human-hea-nevbegen/","name":"Microfiber Emissions from Functionalized Textiles: Potential Threat for Human Health and Environmental Risks","headline":"Microfiber Emissions from Functionalized Textiles: Potential Threat for Human Health and Environmental Risks","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/microfiber-emissions-from-functionalized-textiles-potential-threat-for-human-hea-nevbegen/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Periyasamy AP"}],"datePublished":"2023-01-01","abstract":"The growing worldwide population is directly responsible for the increased production and consumption of textile products. One of the key reasons for the generation of microfibers is the use of textiles and garment materials, which is expected to increase. The textile industry is responsible for the invisible pollution that is created by textile microfibers, which have been detected in marine sediments and organisms. The present review paper demonstrates that the microfibers discharged from functionalized textiles exhibit non-biodegradable characteristics and that a considerable proportion of them possess toxic properties. This is primarily attributed to the impact of textiles’ material functionalization on their biodegradability. The potential for these microfibers, which are released from textiles that contain a variety of dyes, toxic chemicals, and nanomaterials, to pose a variety of health risks to both humans and other living organisms is discussed in this paper. In addition, this paper covers a wide variety of preventative and minimizing measures for reduction, which are discussed in terms of several phases ranging from sustainable production through the consumer, end of life, domestic washing, and wastewater treatment phases.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Toxics"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics11050406","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/toxics11050406"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/human-sexuality-contemporary-lessons-to-be-learned-recaoirzsjsdxfwjo/","name":"Human Sexuality: Contemporary Lessons to be Learned","headline":"Human Sexuality: Contemporary Lessons to be Learned","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/human-sexuality-contemporary-lessons-to-be-learned-recaoirzsjsdxfwjo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen I. Fredriksen‐Goldsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7846-349X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen Fredriksen-Goldsen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"School of Social Work, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington , USA"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2023-01-01","pageStart":"373","pageEnd":"381","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/morphologic-alterations-of-the-fear-circuitry-the-role-of-sex-hormones-and-oral--owwy6mek/","name":"Morphologic alterations of the fear circuitry: the role of sex hormones and oral contraceptives","headline":"Morphologic alterations of the fear circuitry: the role of sex hormones and oral contraceptives","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/morphologic-alterations-of-the-fear-circuitry-the-role-of-sex-hormones-and-oral--owwy6mek/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Brouillard A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Davignon LM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Turcotte AM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marin MF"}],"datePublished":"2023-01-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Endogenous sex hormones and oral contraceptives (OCs) have been shown to influence key regions implicated in fear processing. While OC use has been found to impact brain morphology, methodological challenges remain to be addressed, such as avoiding selection bias between OC users and non-users, as well as examining potential lasting effects of OC intake.\n\nOBJECTIVE: We investigated the current and lasting effects of OC use, as well as the interplay between the current hormonal milieu and history of hormonal contraception use on structural correlates of the fear circuitry. We also examined the role of endogenous and exogenous sex hormones within this network.\n\nMETHODS: We recruited healthy adults aged 23-35 who identified as women currently using (n = 62) or having used (n = 37) solely combined OCs, women who never used any hormonal contraceptives (n = 40), or men (n = 41). Salivary endogenous sex hormones and current users' salivary ethinyl estradiol (EE) were assessed using liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry. Using structural magnetic resonance imaging, we extracted surface-based gray matter volumes (GMVs) and cortical thickness (CT) for regions of interest of the fear circuitry. Exploratory whole-brain analyses were conducted with surface-based and voxel-based morphometry methods.\n\nRESULTS: Compared to men, all three groups of women exhibited a larger GMV of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, while only current users showed a thinner ventromedial prefrontal cortex. Irrespective of the menstrual cycle phase, never users exhibited a thicker right anterior insular cortex than past users. While associations with endogenous sex hormones remain unclear, we showed that EE dosage in current users had a greater influence on brain anatomy compared to salivary EE levels and progestin androgenicity, with lower doses being associated with smaller cortical GMVs.\n\nDISCUSSION: Our results highlight a sex difference for the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex GMV (a fear-promoting region), as well as a reduced CT of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (a fear-inhibiting region) specific to current OC use. Precisely, this finding was driven by lower EE doses. These findings may represent structural vulnerabilities to anxiety and stress-related disorders. We showed little evidence of durable anatomical effects, suggesting that OC intake can (reversibly) affect fear-related brain morphology.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in endocrinology"}},"pageStart":"1228504","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2023.1228504","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fendo.2023.1228504"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38027091"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-and-safety-of-ondansetron-for-morning-sickness-in-pregnancy-a-systemati-pwefjfze/","name":"Efficacy and safety of ondansetron for morning sickness in pregnancy: a systematic review of clinical trials","headline":"Efficacy and safety of ondansetron for morning sickness in pregnancy: a systematic review of clinical trials","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-and-safety-of-ondansetron-for-morning-sickness-in-pregnancy-a-systemati-pwefjfze/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ashour AM"}],"datePublished":"2023-01-01","abstract":"Background: Ondansetron is a selective antagonist of the serotonin 5-HT3 receptor that is commonly used to treat morning sickness. It is estimated that 70%-80% of pregnant women suffer from morning sickness, a condition characterized by nausea and vomiting. However, it is still controversial regarding its safety during pregnancy, and continued research will be necessary to fully understand the risks and benefits associated with its use. Therefore, we aimed to identify and provide details of the efficacy and safety of ondansetron in clinical trials. Methods: A search was conducted of the ClinicalTrials.gov database on 13 April 2023, using the search term \"ondansetron and pregnancy.\" Inclusion and exclusion criteria were defined to identify relevant clinical trials. The inclusion criteria encompassed clinical trials related to pregnancy that utilized ondansetron as a treatment, while other clinical trials were excluded from consideration. All data extractions such as study title, study status, study type, intervention details, and outcome were collected. Results: A total of 18 clinical trials were identified, of which only 6 focused on studying the effects of ondansetron. Their respective study titles, statuses, conditions, interventions, outcome measures, and enrollment sizes have been written in detail. The information collected from these trials will contribute to our understanding of the potential benefits and risks of ondansetron in the context of pregnancy and its complications. Conclusion: Ondansetron has been shown to be an effective treatment for nausea and vomiting, including pregnancy-related morning sickness. Further research is needed to better understand the potential risks and benefits associated with its use in pregnant women. Systematic Review Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in pharmacology"}},"pageStart":"1291235","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2023.1291235","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fphar.2023.1291235"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37936910"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/potential-effects-of-assisted-reproductive-technology-on-telomere-length-and-tel-qnxcuryv/","name":"Potential effects of assisted reproductive technology on telomere length and telomerase activity in human oocytes and early embryos","headline":"Potential effects of assisted reproductive technology on telomere length and telomerase activity in human oocytes and early embryos","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/potential-effects-of-assisted-reproductive-technology-on-telomere-length-and-tel-qnxcuryv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Tire B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ozturk S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8089-7078"}],"datePublished":"2023-01-01","abstract":"Telomeres are repetitive DNA sequences at eukaryotic chromosome ends and function in maintaining genome integrity and stability. These unique structures undergo shortening due to various factors including biological aging, consecutive DNA replication, oxidative stress, and genotoxic agents. Shortened telomeres can be lengthened by the enzyme telomerase and alternative lengthening of telomeres in germ cells, early embryos, stem cells, and activated lymphocytes. If telomeres reach to critical length, it may lead to genomic instability, chromosome segregation defects, aneuploidy, and apoptosis. These phenotypes also occur in the oocytes and early embryos, produced using assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs). Thus, a number of studies have examined the potential effects of ART applications such as ovarian stimulation, culture conditions, and cryopreservation procedures on telomeres. Herein, we comprehensively reviewed impacts of these applications on telomere length and telomerase activity in ART-derived oocytes and embryos. Further, we discussed use of these parameters in ART centers as a biomarker in determining oocyte and embryo quality.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of ovarian research"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13048-023-01211-4","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s13048-023-01211-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37400833"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cartr-plus-2023-plenary-slides-2022-data-summary-rsyrexv8/","name":"CARTR Plus 2023 Plenary Slides - 2022 Data Summary","headline":"CARTR Plus 2023 Plenary Slides - 2022 Data Summary","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cartr-plus-2023-plenary-slides-2022-data-summary-rsyrexv8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Canadian Fertility and Andrology Society"},{"@type":"Person","name":"CARTR Plus"}],"datePublished":"2023-01-01","abstract":"CARTR Plus 2023 plenary slides presenting 2022 Canadian ART cycle data. Single-embryo transfer rates, clinical pregnancy and live-birth rates, ART-conceived births, and multiple-pregnancy rates by participating Canadian ART clinic.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Canadian Fertility and Andrology Society - CARTR Plus"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/flame-retardant-textile-finishing-thermal-analysis-and-dermal-security-sdndqdnr/","name":"Flame retardant textile finishing: thermal analysis and dermal security","headline":"Flame retardant textile finishing: thermal analysis and dermal security","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/flame-retardant-textile-finishing-thermal-analysis-and-dermal-security-sdndqdnr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Martí M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alonso C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Manich A"}],"datePublished":"2023-01-01","abstract":"Many flame retardants (FRs) are brominated, and many of them are considered toxic, persistent and/or bio accumulative. A switch to non-halogenated alternatives for textile finishing is considered beneficial, but there is little knowledge about their environmental impact, their health risks during the production process and those in their final use.  A conventional and an alternative FR (based on dialkyl phosphono carboxylic acid amine and ammonium sulfamate; urea and organophosphonate PO(OH)2-R-PO(OH)2, respectively) were applied to cotton fabrics that could be in touch with the skin in their final use. Burning and thermal behaviors and dermal toxicity when exposed to skin rubbing are evaluated. Fabrics treated show that both FR products act as FRs. The increase in the thermal stability of the tissue that causes an increase in the decomposition temperature is a relevant effect associated with the application of the conventional FR in the tissue, while the most important effect of the alternative FR lies in the increase of the residue at 600°C, associated with the generation of fewer volatiles, which has an impact on the intensity of combustion. The study of the dermal toxic potential of FR-treated cotton bed sheets showed that the two tested products do not penetrate into the skin when applied under the conditions used and were safe when in contact with the skin. Moreover, the alternative FR seems to be safer when in contact with the skin considering also its higher concentration in the textile.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Textile Research J"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00405175231199498","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/00405175231199498"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/storrm-registry-development-proposal-systematic-tracking-of-restorative-reproduc-xjtdvzup/","name":"STORRM Registry Development Proposal: Systematic Tracking of Restorative Reproductive Medicine","headline":"STORRM Registry Development Proposal: Systematic Tracking of Restorative Reproductive Medicine","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/storrm-registry-development-proposal-systematic-tracking-of-restorative-reproduc-xjtdvzup/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2023-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Institute for Restorative Reproductive Medicine"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-prevalence-and-relevance-of-patch-testing-with-textile-dyes-xjxa7dkz/","name":"The prevalence and relevance of patch testing with textile dyes","headline":"The prevalence and relevance of patch testing with textile dyes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-prevalence-and-relevance-of-patch-testing-with-textile-dyes-xjxa7dkz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Nijman L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rustemeyer T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Franken SM"}],"datePublished":"2023-01-01","abstract":"AbstractBackgroundTextile dye mix (TDM) is included in the European baseline series (EBS), but it is unknown if TDM identifies all patients with a textile dye allergy.ObjectivesTo assess the added value of performing patch testing with individual textile dyes in addition to TDM.MethodsTwo hundred and nine patients suspected to have a contact allergy to textile dyes were patch tested between January 2015 and December 2021 with the EBS, as well as an individual textile dye test series containing textile dyes part of TDM (TDM‐dyes) and outside the scope of TDM (non‐TDM dyes).ResultsFifty‐four patients (25.8%) tested positive for TDM or an individual textile dye. Disperse Orange 3 (9.6%) followed by Disperse Blue 106 (4.8%) were the most common individual textile dyes causing a positive patch test reaction. Of the 54 dye positive patients, 28 (51.9%) had a clinically relevant reaction. No clinically relevant reactions were seen in patients that solely tested positive for non‐TDM dyes.ConclusionsIt is beneficial to test individual textile dyes in addition to TDM in patients suspected of having a textile dye allergy. Otherwise, 46.3% of the dye positive patients and 35.7% of the patients with a clinically relevant reaction would have been missed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contact Dermatitis"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cod.14260","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/cod.14260"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/eshre-good-practice-recommendations-on-recurrent-implantation-failure-yib6qxm6/","name":"ESHRE good practice recommendations on recurrent implantation failure","headline":"ESHRE good practice recommendations on recurrent implantation failure","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/eshre-good-practice-recommendations-on-recurrent-implantation-failure-yib6qxm6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Cimadomo D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"De los Santos MJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Georg Griesinger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0606-5804","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitäres Kinderwunschzentrum Lübeck","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010mck520"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lainas G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Le Clef N","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4574-1809"},{"@type":"Person","name":"McLernon DJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Debbie Montjean","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9776-7459","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ottawa Fertility Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02hngq018"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Toth B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nathalie Vermeulen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8046-6799","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/028sbah75"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Macklon N"}],"datePublished":"2023-01-01","abstract":"Abstract\n\nSTUDY QUESTION\nHow should recurrent implantation failure (RIF) in patients undergoing ART be defined and managed?\n\n\nSUMMARY ANSWER\nThis is the first ESHRE good practice recommendations paper providing a definition for RIF together with recommendations on how to investigate causes and contributing factors, and how to improve the chances of a pregnancy.\n\n\nWHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY\nRIF is a challenge in the ART clinic, with a multitude of investigations and interventions offered and applied in clinical practice, often without biological rationale or with unequivocal evidence of benefit.\n\n\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION\nThis document was developed according to a predefined methodology for ESHRE good practice recommendations. Recommendations are supported by data from the literature, if available, and the results of a previously published survey on clinical practice in RIF and the expertise of the working group. A literature search was performed in PubMed and Cochrane focussing on ‘recurrent reproductive failure’, ‘recurrent implantation failure’, and ‘repeated implantation failure’.\n\n\nPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS\nThe ESHRE Working Group on Recurrent Implantation Failure included eight members representing the ESHRE Special Interest Groups for Implantation and Early Pregnancy, Reproductive Endocrinology, and Embryology, with an independent chair and an expert in statistics. The recommendations for clinical practice were formulated based on the expert opinion of the working group, while taking into consideration the published data and results of the survey on uptake in clinical practice. The draft document was then open to ESHRE members for online peer review and was revised in light of the comments received.\n\n\nMAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE\nThe working group recommends considering RIF as a secondary phenomenon of ART, as it can only be observed in patients undergoing IVF, and that the following description of RIF be adopted: ‘RIF describes the scenario in which the transfer of embryos considered to be viable has failed to result in a positive pregnancy test sufficiently often in a specific patient to warrant consideration of further investigations and/or interventions'. It was agreed that the recommended threshold for the cumulative predicted chance of implantation to identify RIF for the purposes of initiating further investigation is 60%. When a couple have not had a successful implantation by a certain number of embryo transfers and the cumulative predicted chance of implantation associated with that number is greater than 60%, then they should be counselled on further investigation and/or treatment options. This term defines clinical RIF for which further actions should be considered. Nineteen recommendations were formulated on investigations when RIF is suspected, and 13 on interventions. Recommendations were colour-coded based on whether the investigations/interventions were recommended (green), to be considered (orange), or not recommended, i.e. not to be offered routinely (red).\n\n\nLIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION\nWhile awaiting the results of further studies and trials, the ESHRE Working Group on Recurrent Implantation Failure recommends identifying RIF based on the chance of successful implantation for the individual patient or couple and to restrict investigations and treatments to those supported by a clear rationale and data indicating their likely benefit.\n\n\nWIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS\nThis article provides not only good practice advice but also highlights the investigations and interventions that need further research. This research, when well-conducted, will be key to making progress in the clinical management of RIF.\n\n\nSTUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S)\nThe meetings and technical support for this project were funded by ESHRE. N.M. declared consulting fees from ArtPRED (The Netherlands) and Freya Biosciences (Denmark); Honoraria for lectures from Gedeon Richter, Merck, Abbott, and IBSA; being co-founder of Verso Biosense. He is Co-Chief Editor of Reproductive Biomedicine Online (RBMO). D.C. declared being an Associate Editor of Human Reproduction Update, and declared honoraria for lectures from Merck, Organon, IBSA, and Fairtility; support for attending meetings from Cooper Surgical, Fujifilm Irvine Scientific. G.G. declared that he or his institution received financial or non-financial support for re","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2023","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction Open"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hropen/hoad023","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/hropen/hoad023"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nonextractable-pfas-in-functional-textilescharacterization-by-complementary-meth-albl7sjr/","name":"Non-extractable PFAS in functional textiles—characterization by complementary methods: oxidation, hydrolysis, and fluorine sum parameters","headline":"Non-extractable PFAS in functional textiles—characterization by complementary methods: oxidation, hydrolysis, and fluorine sum parameters","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nonextractable-pfas-in-functional-textilescharacterization-by-complementary-meth-albl7sjr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Zweigle J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Capitain C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Simon F"}],"datePublished":"2023-01-01","abstract":"Oxidative methods (TOP and PhotoTOP) were combined with hydrolysis (THP assay) and fluorine sum parameters (EOF and TF) to characterize side-chain fluorinated polymers (SFPs) in functional textiles.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environ Sci Process Impacts"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d3em00131h","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1039/d3em00131h"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/rapport-annuel-dactivite-2022-agence-de-la-biomedecine-b7klatwv/","name":"Rapport annuel d'activité 2022 - Agence de la biomédecine","headline":"Rapport annuel d'activité 2022 - Agence de la biomédecine","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/rapport-annuel-dactivite-2022-agence-de-la-biomedecine-b7klatwv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Agence de la biomédecine"}],"datePublished":"2023-01-01","abstract":"Rapport annuel d'activité 2022 de l'Agence de la biomédecine. Annual activity report covering Agence de la biomédecine activities including AMP (Medically Assisted Reproduction) registry operations for 2022.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Agence de la biomédecine"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-heavy-metals-exposure-and-infertility-among-american-women-a-cuscexb3/","name":"Association between heavy metals exposure and infertility among American women aged 20-44 years: A cross-sectional analysis from 2013 to 2018 NHANES data","headline":"Association between heavy metals exposure and infertility among American women aged 20-44 years: A cross-sectional analysis from 2013 to 2018 NHANES data","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-heavy-metals-exposure-and-infertility-among-american-women-a-cuscexb3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J Lin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3653-2899","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Saskatchewan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiaoyan Lin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0759-3913"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Junqiang Qiu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8313-9216","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ckt8b96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"You X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jing Xu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0660-6279","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059cjpv64"}}],"datePublished":"2023-01-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Infertility has been confirmed as a significant medical and social problem. Heavy metal exposure refers to a risk factor for infertility, which is capable of damaging the reproductive system of males and females. However, heavy metal exposure and female infertility have rarely been investigated. The aim of this study was to analyze the association between heavy metal exposure and female infertility.\n\nMETHODS: A cross-sectional study using data from three cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2013-2018) was performed. Female infertility was evaluated by positive responses to question rhq074 in the questionnaire. Cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and arsenic (As) levels in blood or urine were examined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The correlation between heavy metal and female infertility was analyzed through weighted logistic regression.\n\nRESULTS: A total of 838 American women aged 20-44 years were covered in the study. Among all participants, 112 (13.37%) women were subjected to infertility. Urinary Cd and urinary As levels were significantly higher in infertile women than in control women (P < 0.05, P < 0.05). Urinary As showed a positive correlation with the prevalence of female infertility, and the risk of infertility rose with the increase of urinary As levels (P for trend = 0.045). Urinary Cd was associated with female infertility in some weighted logistic regression (Crude, Q2: OR = 3.99, 95% CI 1.82, 8.74, Q3: OR = 2.90, 95% CI 1.42, 5.92. Model 1, Q2: OR = 3.68, 95% CI 1.64, 8.27, Q3: OR = 2.33, 95% CI 1.13, 4.48. Model 2, Q2: OR = 4.11, 95% CI 1.63, 10.07, Q3: OR = 2.44, 95% CI 1.07, 5.53. Model 3, Q2: OR = 3.77, 95% CI 1.52, 9.35). Moreover, blood Pb (OR = 1.52, 95% CI 1.07, 2.16), urinary Pb (OR = 1.68, 95% CI 1.11, 2.55), and urinary As (OR = 1.02, 95% CI 1.00, 1.03) were positively correlated with the risk of infertility in women aged 35-44 years. The blood Pb (OR = 1.67, 95% CI 1.16, 2.40, 2.49) and urinary Pb (OR = 1.54, 95% CI 1.00, 2.38) in women with BMI ≥25 were positively correlated with the risk of infertility.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Urinary As was significantly associated with female infertility, and the risk of infertility increased with higher urinary As levels. To some extent, urinary Cd was correlated with infertility. Blood/urine Pb was related to infertility in advanced age and overweight/obese women. The results of this study need to be further validated in future prospective studies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in public health"}},"pageStart":"1122183","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1122183","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fpubh.2023.1122183"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36866101"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/outcome-of-pregnancy-by-status-of-dominant-follicle-as-evaluated-by-ultrasound-recoxzer4wjq9ndp2/","name":"Outcome of Pregnancy by Status of Dominant Follicle as Evaluated by Ultrasound","headline":"Outcome of Pregnancy by Status of Dominant Follicle as Evaluated by Ultrasound","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/outcome-of-pregnancy-by-status-of-dominant-follicle-as-evaluated-by-ultrasound-recoxzer4wjq9ndp2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Neblett MF 2nd"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael F. Neblett","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mayo Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarah C. Baumgarten","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mayo Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Samir N. Babayev","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0178-5685"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chandra C. Shenoy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2537-3482","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mayo Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fong N","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5909-4847","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Faculty of Health and Social Sciences"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2023-01-01","pageStart":"1461","pageEnd":"1466","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/role-of-thyroid-hormone-in-dynamic-variation-of-gdf6a-gene-during-metamorphosis--rec7yywyc2mh6p81o/","name":"Role of Thyroid Hormone in Dynamic Variation of gdf6a Gene during Metamorphosis of Paralichthys olivaceus","headline":"Role of Thyroid Hormone in Dynamic Variation of gdf6a Gene during Metamorphosis of Paralichthys olivaceus","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/role-of-thyroid-hormone-in-dynamic-variation-of-gdf6a-gene-during-metamorphosis--rec7yywyc2mh6p81o/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yaxin Shi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9250-9389","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ckt8b96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Junqiang Qiu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8313-9216","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ckt8b96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yang Fu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2419-8878","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ckt8b96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jilun Hou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3636-4557","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02bwk9n38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wenjuan Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4188-4466","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ckt8b96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xike Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0019-4197","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yanling Lin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2354-7676","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fujian Provincial Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045wzwx52"}}],"datePublished":"2023-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International journal of molecular sciences"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25010023","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/ijms25010023"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"38203198"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2022-sonderausgabe-fur-paare-patient-edition-frm1k6qo/","name":"DIR Jahrbuch 2022 - Sonderausgabe für Paare (Patient Edition)","headline":"DIR Jahrbuch 2022 - Sonderausgabe für Paare (Patient Edition)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2022-sonderausgabe-fur-paare-patient-edition-frm1k6qo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register e.V."}],"datePublished":"2023-01-01","abstract":"DIR Jahrbuch 2022 Sonderausgabe für Paare des Deutschen IVF-Registers. ENGLISH SUMMARY: 2022 patient-facing edition of the German IVF Registry annual report. Translates clinical-registry data into accessible information for couples considering or undergoing ART in Germany, including success-rate context and treatment options.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/impact-of-textile-dyes-on-human-health-and-bioremediation-of-textile-industry-ef-hgrqgugg/","name":"Impact of textile dyes on human health and bioremediation of textile industry effluent using microorganisms","headline":"Impact of textile dyes on human health and bioremediation of textile industry effluent using microorganisms","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/impact-of-textile-dyes-on-human-health-and-bioremediation-of-textile-industry-ef-hgrqgugg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sudarshan S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Harikrishnan S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rathi Bhuvaneswari G"}],"datePublished":"2023-01-01","abstract":"AbstractEnvironmental contamination brought on by the discharge of wastewater from textile industries is a growing concern on a global scale. Textile industries produce a huge quantity of effluents containing a myriad of chemicals, mostly dyes. The discharge of such effluents into the aquatic environment results in pollution that adversely affects aquatic organisms. Synthetic dyes are complex aromatic chemical structures with carcinogenic and mutagenic properties in addition to high biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). This complex aromatic structure resists degradation by conventional techniques. The bioremediation approach is the biological clean-up of toxic contaminants from industrial effluents. Biological treatment methods produce less or no sludge and are cost-effective, efficient, and eco-friendly. Microorganisms, mostly microalgae and bacteria, and, in some instances, fungi, yeast, and enzymes decolorize textile dye compounds into simple, non-toxic chemical compounds. Following a thorough review of the literature, we are persuaded that microalgae and bacteria might be one of the potential decolorizing agents substituting for most other biological organisms in wastewater treatment. This article presents extensive literature information on textile dyes, their classification, the toxicity of dyes, and the bioremediation of toxic textile industry effluent utilizing microalgae and bacteria. Additionally, it combines data on factors influencing textile dye bioremediation, and a few suggestions for future research are proposed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"J Appl Microbiol"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jambio/lxac064","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/jambio/lxac064"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/impact-of-nutritional-diet-therapy-on-premenstrual-syndrome-i8myfqx2/","name":"Impact of nutritional diet therapy on premenstrual syndrome","headline":"Impact of nutritional diet therapy on premenstrual syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/impact-of-nutritional-diet-therapy-on-premenstrual-syndrome-i8myfqx2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Siminiuc R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ţurcanu D"}],"datePublished":"2023-01-01","abstract":"Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is one of the most common disorders faced by women of reproductive age. More than 200 symptoms of varying severity associated with PMS have been identified. Because of the broad spectrum of action of PMS and its impact on quality of life, symptom relief is the main challenge of treating PMS and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). The review aims to analyze and identify the potential impact of dietary and nutritional therapies on PMS and, respectively, for its better management. The study was conducted by accessing Internet databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus and using relevant keywords such as PMS, symptoms, dietary patterns (DPs), macro and micronutrients, and supplements. The results showed that diet is an essential modulating factor in reducing and managing PMS symptoms. But research on the actual effect of foods and nutrients on PMS is sparse, sporadic, and studied with insufficient scientific rigor. No correlations were identified between the consumption of macronutrients and PMS: protein, fat, carbohydrates, and fiber, but the effectiveness of micronutrients, especially calcium, magnesium, vitamin D, B vitamins, and herbal supplements, was demonstrated. Researchers remain unanimous that the evidence is insufficient and limited to support their use as an effective treatment. Nevertheless, the results could contribute to providing quality information to help women and girls make evidence-based decisions regarding premenstrual health and the adoption of dietary and nutritional therapies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in nutrition"}},"pageStart":"1079417","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2023.1079417","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fnut.2023.1079417"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36819682"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recommendations-from-the-2023-international-evidencebased-guideline-for-the-asse-kvieow53/","name":"Recommendations from the 2023 international evidence-based guideline for the assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"Recommendations from the 2023 international evidence-based guideline for the assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recommendations-from-the-2023-international-evidencebased-guideline-for-the-asse-kvieow53/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine and Practice Committee of the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology"}],"datePublished":"2023-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2023.07.025","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2023.07.025"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"37589624"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2022-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2022-lsry3m9e/","name":"DIR Jahrbuch 2022 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2022)","headline":"DIR Jahrbuch 2022 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2022)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2022-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2022-lsry3m9e/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register e.V."}],"datePublished":"2023-01-01","abstract":"DIR Jahrbuch 2022 des Deutschen IVF-Registers. ENGLISH SUMMARY: 2022 Annual Report of the German IVF Registry covering German ART cycle counts, treatment indications, embryo-transfer outcomes, and pregnancy/live-birth rates.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cervical-mucus-anomalies-in-patients-with-endometriosis-rec3shviouj8drckb/","name":"Cervical Mucus Anomalies in Patients with Endometriosis","headline":"Cervical Mucus Anomalies in Patients with Endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cervical-mucus-anomalies-in-patients-with-endometriosis-rec3shviouj8drckb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ashwini V. Kulkarni","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6518-1442"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Prachi D. Ruikar","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department Obstetrics & Gynecology Mamta Hospital (Dr. Ruikar), Latur, Maharashtra, India."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rameshwari Alahabade","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department Obstetrics & Gynecology, Mamta Hospital (Dr. Alahabade), Latur, Maharashtra, India."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rajashree Mahajan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department Obstetrics & Gynecology, Mamta Hospital (Dr. Mahajan), Latur, Maharashtra, India."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2023-01-01","pageStart":"262","pageEnd":"263","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/continuous-mucus-in-the-use-of-the-ovulation-method-recvmplbpcjficxc8/","name":"Continuous Mucus in the Use of the Ovulation Method","headline":"Continuous Mucus in the Use of the Ovulation Method","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/continuous-mucus-in-the-use-of-the-ovulation-method-recvmplbpcjficxc8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hilgers TW"}],"datePublished":"2023-01-01","pageStart":"1118030","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polycystic-ovary-syndrome-and-autoimmune-thyroiditis-vuz0ooav/","name":"Polycystic ovary syndrome and autoimmune thyroiditis","headline":"Polycystic ovary syndrome and autoimmune thyroiditis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polycystic-ovary-syndrome-and-autoimmune-thyroiditis-vuz0ooav/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Zeber-Lubecka N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ciebiera M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hennig EE"}],"datePublished":"2023-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nutrition-in-the-prevention-and-treatment-of-endometriosis-a-review-ycnxpv4r/","name":"Nutrition in the prevention and treatment of endometriosis: A review","headline":"Nutrition in the prevention and treatment of endometriosis: A review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nutrition-in-the-prevention-and-treatment-of-endometriosis-a-review-ycnxpv4r/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Barnard ND"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Holtz DN"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Schmidt N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kolipaka S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hata E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sutton M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Znayenko-Miller T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hazen ND"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cobb C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kahleova H"}],"datePublished":"2023-01-01","abstract":"Endometriosis is characterized by the presence of endometrial tissues outside the uterine lining, typically on the external surface of the uterus, the ovaries, fallopian tubes, abdominal wall, or intestines. The prevalence of endometriosis in North America, Australia, and Europe is \\~1-5% in women of reproductive age. Treatment options for endometriosis are limited. While over-the-counter medications may be used to reduce acute pain, hormonal treatments are common and may interfere with fertility. In more severe cases, laparoscopic excision procedures and even hysterectomies are used to treat the pain associated with endometriosis. Nutritional interventions may be helpful in the prevention and treatment of endometriosis and associated pain. Reducing dietary fat and increasing dietary fiber have been shown to reduce circulating estrogen concentrations, suggesting a potential benefit for individuals with endometriosis, as it is an estrogen-dependent disease. Meat consumption is associated with greater risk of developing endometriosis. Anti-inflammatory properties of plant-based diets may benefit women with endometriosis. Additionally, seaweed holds estrogen-modulating properties that have benefitted postmenopausal women and offers potential to reduce estradiol concentrations in pre-menopausal women. Furthermore, consumption of vitamin D has been shown to reduce endometrial pain via increased antioxidant capacity and supplementation with vitamins C and E significantly reduced endometriosis symptoms, compared with placebo. More randomized clinical trials are needed to elucidate the role of diet in endometriosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in nutrition"}},"pageStart":"1089891","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2023.1089891","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fnut.2023.1089891"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36875844"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lifestyle-insulin-resistance-and-semen-quality-as-codependent-factors-of-male-in-hv70shad/","name":"Lifestyle, Insulin Resistance and Semen Quality as Co-Dependent Factors of Male Infertility","headline":"Lifestyle, Insulin Resistance and Semen Quality as Co-Dependent Factors of Male Infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lifestyle-insulin-resistance-and-semen-quality-as-codependent-factors-of-male-in-hv70shad/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Zańko A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4445-5173"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Siewko K","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4929-8018"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Krętowski AJ","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4522-4978"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Milewski R","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6241-8283"}],"datePublished":"2022-12-30","abstract":"Infertility is a problem that affects millions of couples around the world. It is known as a disease of couples, not individuals, which makes diagnosis difficult and treatment unclear. Male infertility can have many causes, from mechanical ones to abnormal spermatogenesis or spermiogenesis. Semen quality is determined by a number of factors, including those dependent on men themselves, with the number of infertile men growing every year. These include, e.g., diet, physical activity, sleep quality, stress, among many others. As these factors co-exist with insulin resistance, which is a disease closely related to lifestyle, it has been singled out in the study due to its role in affecting semen quality. In order to examine connections between lifestyle, insulin resistance, and semen quality, a review of literature published from 1989 to 2020 in the following databases PubMed/Medline, EMBASE (Elsevier), Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar was performed. Hence, semen quality, environment, and insulin resistance are interrelated, thus it is difficult to indicate which aspect is the cause and which is the effect in a particular relationship and the nature of possible correlations. Since the influence of lifestyle on semen quality has been extensively studied, it is recommended that more thorough research be done on the relationship between insulin resistance and semen quality, comparing the semen quality of men with and without insulin resistance.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"20","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International journal of environmental research and public health"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010732","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/ijerph20010732"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36613051"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/breast-cancer-risk-factors-in-iranian-women-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysi-recf9alfnwc2dqjfw/","name":"Breast cancer risk factors in Iranian women: a systematic review and  meta-analysis of matched case-control studies","headline":"Breast cancer risk factors in Iranian women: a systematic review and  meta-analysis of matched case-control studies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/breast-cancer-risk-factors-in-iranian-women-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysi-recf9alfnwc2dqjfw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Masoud Solaymani–Dodaran","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1817-5664","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Iran University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03w04rv71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ali Kabir","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6814-4336","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rasool Akram Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00kh76710"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Esmat-O-Sadat Hashemi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6908-6074","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0126z4b94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hashemi EO"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Noushin Fahimfar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6205-9794","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01c4pz451"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zahra Omidi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3244-1762","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0126z4b94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mohammad Ali Mansournia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3343-2718","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01c4pz451"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hamid Salehiniya","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7642-5214","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Birjand University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01h2hg078"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shahpar Haghighat","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6938-467X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0126z4b94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neda Ghahremanzadeh","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Iran University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03w04rv71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Malihe Khoramdad","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Iran University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03w04rv71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Asiie Olfatbakh","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0126z4b94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Masoud Solaymani-Dodaran","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. msdodran@gmail.com."}}],"datePublished":"2022-12-28","abstract":"Background: Identifying breast cancer risk factors is a critical component of preventative strategies for this disease. This study aims to identify modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors of breast cancer in Iranian women.\n\nMethods: We used international databases (PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Knowledge, and Embase) and national databases (SID, Magiran, and ISC) to retrieve relevant studies until November 13, 2022. The odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval using the random-effect model was used to estimate the pooled effect. The publication bias was assessed by the Egger and Begg test. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to evaluate the effect of each included study on the final measurement.\n\nResults: Of the 30,351 retrieved articles, 24 matched case-control records were included with 12,460 participants (5675 newly diagnosed cases of breast cancer and 6785 control). This meta-analysis showed that of the known modifiable risk factors for breast cancer, obesity (vs normal weight) had the highest risk (OR = 2.17, 95% CI 1.47 to 3.21; I(2) = 85.7) followed by age at marriage (25-29 vs < 18 years old) (OR = 2.00, 95% CI 1.53 to 2.61; I(2) = 0), second-hand smoking (OR = 1.86, 95% CI 1.58 to 2.19; I(2) = 0), smoking (OR = 1.83, 95% CI 1.41 to 2.38; I(2) = 18.9), abortion history (OR = 1.44, 95% CI 1.02 to 2.05; I(2) = 66.3), oral contraceptive use (OR = 1.35, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.63; I(2) = 74.1), age at marriage (18-24 vs < 18 years old) (OR: 1.22, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.47; I(2) = 0). Of non-modifiable risk factors, history of radiation exposure (OR = 3.48, 95% CI 2.17 to 5.59; I(2) = 0), family history of breast cancer (OR = 2.47, 95% CI 1.83 to 3.33; I(2) = 73), and age at menarche (12-13 vs ≥ 14 years old) (OR = 1.67, 95% CI 1.31-2.13; I(2) = 25.4) significantly increased the risk of breast cancer.\n\nConclusions: Since most risk factors related to breast cancer incidence are modifiable, promoting healthy lifestyles can play an influential role in preventing breast cancer. In women with younger menarche age, a family history of breast cancer, or a history of radiation exposure, screening at short intervals is recommended.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"27","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European Journal of Medical Research"}}},"pageStart":"311","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-022-00952-0","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s40001-022-00952-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36575538"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulation-induction-using-sequential-letrozolegonadotrophin-in-infertile-women-with-pcos-a-randomized-controlled-trial-recfcth3rlbelgo4p/","name":"Ovulation induction using sequential letrozole/gonadotrophin in infertile women  with PCOS: a randomized controlled trial","headline":"Ovulation induction using sequential letrozole/gonadotrophin in infertile women  with PCOS: a randomized controlled trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulation-induction-using-sequential-letrozolegonadotrophin-in-infertile-women-with-pcos-a-randomized-controlled-trial-recfcth3rlbelgo4p/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Xin Dai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8227-0172","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shandong Provincial Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02ar2nf05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jingyi Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4874-2874","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wuhan Union Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0371fqr87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tian Fu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7023-9542","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wuhan Union Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0371fqr87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xuefeng Long","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5758-5732","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wuhan Union Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0371fqr87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xike Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0019-4197","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yi Liu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9300-2843","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ling Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7109-4225","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wuhan Union Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0371fqr87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ruiwen Weng","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wuhan Union Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0371fqr87"}}],"datePublished":"2022-12-25","abstract":"RESEARCH Question: Is sequential letrozole/human menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG) superior to letrozole alone in ovulation induction and pregnancy promotion among infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)?\nDesign: This open-label randomized controlled trial comparing sequential letrozole/HMG and letrozole alone included 174 participants enrolled from August 2019 to January 2020 at the Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology. Infertile women aged between 18 and 40 years who met Rotterdam criteria for PCOS and without other known causes of infertility were selected for this study. Patients were randomly assigned at a 1:1 ratio to receive 2.5 mg letrozole on cycle days 3-7 (n = 87) or 2.5 mg letrozole on cycle days 3-7 with a sequential injection of 75 IU HMG on cycle days 8-10 for one treatment cycle (n = 87). The pregnancy outcome was recorded after one treatment cycle.\nResults: Women receiving sequential treatment achieved a significantly higher ovulation rate than those in the letrozole group (90.8% versus 70.1%, P = 0.001) and the live birth rate of the sequential group was significantly higher than that of the letrozole protocol (23.0% versus 10.3%, P = 0.025); there was no statistical variation with respect to adverse events.\n\nConclusions: The data suggest that the sequential letrozole/HMG protocol may be superior to the letrozole alone protocol in terms of ovulation induction and pregnancy promotion among infertile women with PCOS.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"46","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproductive Biomedicine Online"}}},"pageStart":"352","pageEnd":"361","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbmo.2022.08.002","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.rbmo.2022.08.002"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36566146"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-emerging-role-of-menstrualbloodderived-stem-cells-in-endometriosis-jgeojl8t/","name":"The Emerging Role of Menstrual-Blood-Derived Stem Cells in Endometriosis","headline":"The Emerging Role of Menstrual-Blood-Derived Stem Cells in Endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-emerging-role-of-menstrualbloodderived-stem-cells-in-endometriosis-jgeojl8t/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Cordeiro MR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carvalhos CA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Figueiredo-Dias M"}],"datePublished":"2022-12-24","abstract":"The human endometrium has a complex cellular composition that is capable of promoting cyclic regeneration, where endometrial stem cells play a critical role. Menstrual blood-derived stem cells (MenSC) were first discovered in 2007 and described as exhibiting mesenchymal stem cell properties, setting them in the spotlight for endometriosis research. The stem cell theory for endometriosis pathogenesis, supported by the consensual mechanism of retrograde menstruation, highlights the recognized importance that MenSC have gained by potentially being directly related to the genesis, development and maintenance of ectopic endometriotic lesions. Meanwhile, the differences observed between MenSC in patients with endometriosis and in healthy women underlines the applicability of these cells as a putative biomarker for the early diagnosis of endometriosis, as well as for the development of targeted therapies. It is expected that in the near future MenSC will have the potential to change the way we manage this complex disease, once their long-term safety and effectiveness are assessed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Biomedicines"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11010039","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/biomedicines11010039"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36672546"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progestins-in-the-symptomatic-management-of-endometriosis-a-metaanalysis-on-thei-pfxj9al6/","name":"Progestins in the symptomatic management of endometriosis: a meta-analysis on their effectiveness and safety","headline":"Progestins in the symptomatic management of endometriosis: a meta-analysis on their effectiveness and safety","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progestins-in-the-symptomatic-management-of-endometriosis-a-metaanalysis-on-thei-pfxj9al6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mitchell JB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chetty S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathrada F"}],"datePublished":"2022-12-17","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Endometriosis is a complex chronic disease that affects approximately 10% of women of reproductive age worldwide and commonly presents with pelvic pain and infertility.\n\nMETHOD &AMP; OUTCOME MEASURES: A systematic review of the literature was carried out using the databases Pubmed, Scopus, Cochrane and ClinicalTrials.gov in women with a confirmed laparoscopic diagnosis of endometriosis receiving progestins to determine a reduction in pain symptoms and the occurrence of adverse effects.\n\nRESULTS: Eighteen studies were included in the meta-analysis. Progestins improved painful symptoms compared to placebo (SMD = -0.61, 95% CI (-0.77, -0.45), P < 0.00001) with no comparable differences between the type of progestin. After median study durations of 6-12 months, the median discontinuation rate due to adverse effects was 0.3% (range: 0 - 37.1%) with mild adverse effects reported.\n\nCONCLUSION: The meta-analysis revealed that pain improvement significantly increased with the use of progestins with low adverse effects.\n\nSYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42021285026.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMC women's health"}}},"pageStart":"526","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-022-02122-0","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s12905-022-02122-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36528558"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sexual-dysfunction-among-gynecologic-cancer-survivors-in-a-population-based-coho-recsfghbiu0ulztwu/","name":"Sexual dysfunction among gynecologic cancer survivors in a population-based  cohort study","headline":"Sexual dysfunction among gynecologic cancer survivors in a population-based  cohort study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sexual-dysfunction-among-gynecologic-cancer-survivors-in-a-population-based-coho-recsfghbiu0ulztwu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Chun-Pin Esther Chang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0878-997X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Office of Cooperative Reproductive Health, Division of Public Health, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, United..."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kerry Rowe","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0591-6213","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Intermountain Healthcare","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mvr1r74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John Snyder","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5092-0627","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Intermountain Healthcare","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mvr1r74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mark Dodson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4709-1048","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Intermountain Healthcare","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mvr1r74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vikrant Deshmukh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2447-9725","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael Newman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7906-8558","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alison Fraser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6825-0625","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Huntsman Cancer Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03v7tx966"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ankita Date","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1792-9436","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Huntsman Cancer Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03v7tx966"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David K. Gaffney","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5752-1611","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathi Mooney","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0008-8204","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Huntsman Cancer Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03v7tx966"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chun-Pin Chang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0061-3478","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, and Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mia Hashibe","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6903-2049","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ken R Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0682-3705","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Wilson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7405-4832","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008s83205"}}],"datePublished":"2022-12-17","abstract":"Treatment for gynecologic cancer is associated with sexual dysfunction, which may present during and/or after treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the risk of sexual dysfunction among gynecologic cancer survivors compared to cancer-free women in a population-based cohort study. We identified a cohort of 4863 endometrial, ovarian, and cervical cancer survivors diagnosed between 1997 and 2012 in the Utah Cancer Registry. Up to five cancer-free women were matched to cancer survivors (N = 22,693). We used ICD-9 codes to identify sexual dysfunction. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for sexual dysfunction with adjustment for potential confounders. Approximately 6.6% of gynecologic cancer survivors had sexual dysfunction diagnoses 1-5 years after cancer diagnosis. Gynecologic cancer survivors had higher risks of overall sexual dysfunction (HR: 2.51, 95% CI: 2.16, 2.93), dyspareunia (HR: 3.27, 95% CI: 2.63, 4.06), and vaginal dryness (HR: 2.63, 95% CI: 2.21, 3.12) compared to a general population of women, 1-5 years after cancer diagnosis. Sexual dysfunction was associated with advance cancer stage (HR(Regional vs. Localized): 1.61, 95% CI: 1.19, 2.31), radiation therapy (HR: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.29, 2.31), and chemotherapy (HR: 1.80, 95% CI: 1.30, 2.50). This large cohort study confirms that there is an increased risk of sexual dysfunction among gynecologic cancer survivors when compared to the general population. Further investigation is needed to address the risk factors for sexual dysfunction and to improve patient-provider communication, diagnosis, documentation, and treatment of sexual dysfunction among gynecologic cancer survivors.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"31","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Supportive Care in Cancer : Official Journal of the Multinational Association of  Supportive Care in Cancer"}}},"pageStart":"51","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-022-07469-6","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00520-022-07469-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36526929"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-and-natural-law-how-seven-years-as-an-embryolog-reczmkrtme0mceuji/","name":"Assisted Reproductive Technology and Natural Law: How Seven Years as an  Embryologist Revealed IVF's Disordered Approach to Patient Care","headline":"Assisted Reproductive Technology and Natural Law: How Seven Years as an  Embryologist Revealed IVF's Disordered Approach to Patient Care","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-and-natural-law-how-seven-years-as-an-embryolog-reczmkrtme0mceuji/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexa Dodd","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Alexatdodd.com, Irving, TX, USA"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Craig Turczynski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7658-9470","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Diagnostics, Dallas, TX, USA; Duquesne University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Anne Urlakis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dignitas Personae Institute for Nascent Human Life, Inc., Colgate, WI, USA"}}],"datePublished":"2022-12-16","abstract":"This article is a case study illuminating the experience of a cradle Catholic who pursued a career in the field of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) as a laboratory director and embryologist. Twenty years after leaving the field, the observations leading to the crisis of conscience are further amplified by the reports of social, legal, ethical, and medical consequences of the technology. These consequences are explored in detail and can serve as a mini-review of the published scientific literature describing the obstetrical complications, peri-natal outcomes, and the long-term health effects on the offspring. This paper provides the documented evidence that can be used by the religious and medical community for shepherding the flock. The disordered approach to patient care is evidenced by five serious consequences resulting from the use of the technology. These include multiple pregnancy and selective reduction, abandoned and discarded embryos, adverse health effects to the women and children, legal and ethical problems, and human experimentation. An explanation for the adverse consequences can be found by exploring and applying the principles of Natural Law. Natural Law, as embraced by the Catholic Church, can be used as a starting point for conversion of heart for many who struggle with the immorality of ART. Deterring use of the technology coupled with increased motivation by scientist and health professionals to pursue restorative approaches within a moral framework offer our best solution to the treatment of infertility. Natural Law and the consequences of violating it provide evidence that science and medicine should not be practiced in a vacuum void of ethical and moral boundaries grounded in divine Wisdom.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"89","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"388","pageEnd":"403","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00243639221128393","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/00243639221128393"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36518716"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diagnosis-and-treatment-of-tubal-endometriosis-in-women-undergoing-laparoscopy-a-recfcwdxkj0ffgzka/","name":"Diagnosis and treatment of tubal endometriosis in women undergoing laparoscopy: A  case series from a single hospital","headline":"Diagnosis and treatment of tubal endometriosis in women undergoing laparoscopy: A  case series from a single hospital","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diagnosis-and-treatment-of-tubal-endometriosis-in-women-undergoing-laparoscopy-a-recfcwdxkj0ffgzka/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hai-Ning Jiao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8188-7798","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jiao HN"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wei Song","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7329-1107","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ruijin Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01hv94n30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hua Liu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6084-2769","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanxi Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0265d1010"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wei-Wei Feng","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8089-9364","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"}}],"datePublished":"2022-12-10","abstract":"Background: Tubal endometriosis (TEM) is a category of pelvic endometriosis (EM) that is characterized by ectopic endometrial glands and/or stroma within any part of the fallopian tube. The fallopian tubes may be a partial source of ovarian endometriosis (OEM). TEM is difficult to diagnose during surgery and is usually detected by pathology after surgery.\n\nAim: To provide a clinical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of TEM.\n\nMethods: In this study, the data of 30 patients who underwent laparoscopic salpingectomy due to various gynecological diseases and had pathological confirmation of TEM at our hospital were retrospectively analyzed, and the clinical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of TEM was evaluated.\n\nResults: Among 1982 surgical patients, 30 met the study criteria. Among those, 6 patients had a history of infertility, 12 patients had a history of artificial abortion, 13 patients had a history of cesarean section, 1 patient had a history of tubal ligation, 4 patients had an intrauterine device, and 22 patients had hydrosalpinx. Sixteen patients (53.33%) conceived naturally and gave birth to healthy babies. Pathology showed that only 2 patients had TEM without any other gynecological diseases, while the others all had simultaneous diseases, including 26 patients with EM at other pelvic sites.\n\nConclusion: The final diagnosis of TEM depends on pathological examination since there are no specific clinical characteristics. The rate of TEM combined with EM (especially OEM) was higher than that of other gynecological diseases, which indicates that TEM is related to OEM.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"33","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"World Journal of Clinical Cases"}}},"pageStart":"12136","pageEnd":"12145","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v10.i33.12136","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.12998/wjcc.v10.i33.12136"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36483829"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/does-a-short-luteal-phase-correlate-with-an-increased-risk-of-miscarriage-a-coho-recsypcebszclpsk1/","name":"Does a short luteal phase correlate with an increased risk of miscarriage? A  cohort study","headline":"Does a short luteal phase correlate with an increased risk of miscarriage? A  cohort study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/does-a-short-luteal-phase-correlate-with-an-increased-risk-of-miscarriage-a-coho-recsypcebszclpsk1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Christina A Porucznik","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1973-2917","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shahpar Najmabadi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4763-4310","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marguerite Duane","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duquesne University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02336z538"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2022-12-10","abstract":"Background: Miscarriage is defined as spontaneous loss of pregnancy prior to 20 weeks gestation. With an estimated risk of 15% of clinically confirmed pregnancies ending in miscarriage, it is the most common adverse event in pregnancy. Woman's age is the primary risk factor for miscarriage, while medical conditions, including hormonal abnormalities, are also associated. Progesterone is essential for maintaining pregnancy. A short luteal phase may reflect inadequate levels of progesterone production, but it is unclear whether a short luteal phase correlates with an increase in the risk of miscarriage.\n\nMethods: Using a cohort study design, we conducted a secondary data analysis from four cohorts of couples who used a standardized protocol to track biomarkers of the female cycles. A short luteal phase was defined as less than 10 days, with < 11, < 9, and < 8 days as alternate definitions in sensitivity analyses. We included women who experienced a pregnancy with a known outcome, identified the length of the luteal phase in up to 3 cycles prior to conception and assessed the relationship with miscarriage using a modified Poisson regression analysis, adjusting for demographic characteristics, smoking, alcohol use and previous pregnancy history.\n\nResults: In our sample of 252 women; the overall miscarriage rate was 18.7%. The adjusted incident risk ratio of miscarriage in women who had at least one short luteal phase < 10 days, compared to those who had none, was 1.01 (95% CI: 0.57, 1.80) Similar null risk was found when assessing alternative lengths of short luteal phase. Women who had short luteal phases < 10 days in all 3 cycles prior to the conception cycle had an incident risk ratio of 2.14 (95% CI: 0.7, 6.55).\n\nConclusions: Our study found that a short luteal phase in the three cycles prior to conception was not associated with higher rates of miscarriage in an international cohort of women tracking their cycles, but our sample size was limited. Further research to determine if short luteal phases or luteal phase deficiency is associated with early pregnancy losses among preconception cohorts with daily tracking of cycle parameters, in addition to progesterone and human chorionic gonadotropin levels, is warranted. Additionally, future studies should include women with recurrent short luteal phases as a more likely risk factor than isolated short luteal phases.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth"}}},"pageStart":"922","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-022-05195-9","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s12884-022-05195-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36482355"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/impact-of-endocrine-disorders-on-ivf-outcomes-results-from-a-large-single-centre-recygduqhv92xpyvx/","name":"Impact of Endocrine Disorders on IVF Outcomes: Results from a Large,  Single-Centre, Prospective Study","headline":"Impact of Endocrine Disorders on IVF Outcomes: Results from a Large,  Single-Centre, Prospective Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/impact-of-endocrine-disorders-on-ivf-outcomes-results-from-a-large-single-centre-recygduqhv92xpyvx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Tamas Deli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2980-1656","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Debrecen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02xf66n48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Harjit Pal Bhattoa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4909-0065","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Debrecen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02xf66n48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vito Chiantera","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6294-3720","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Unit of Gynecologic Oncology, ARNAS “Civico-Di Cristina-Benfratelli”, Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Paler...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/044k9ta02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Szilvia Csehely","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Debrecen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02xf66n48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tunde Herman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1894-9663","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Debrecen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02xf66n48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Atilla Jakab","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2266-2297","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Debrecen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02xf66n48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonio Simone Laganà","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1543-2802","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Palermo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/044k9ta02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Monika Orosz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Debrecen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02xf66n48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peter Torok","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4093-3721","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Debrecen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02xf66n48"}}],"datePublished":"2022-12-09","abstract":"Endocrine disorders negatively influence the ovarian function, and increasing incidence of endocrine diseases with age may have further negative effects on pregnancy rate. Prospective cohort study of 231 consecutively enrolled patients underwent IVF treatment. In patients with known endocrine disorders, the laboratory parameters were corrected before IVF treatment. One hundred sixty one patients (69.7%) had at least one known and treated endocrine disorder (study group), and 70 patients were endocrine negative (control group). Endocrine disorders diagnosed were thyroid disorders (32.5%), diminished ovarian reserve (23.8%), insulin resistance (22.5%), PCOS (15.2%), hyperprolactinaemia (13.4%), obesity (12.1%), hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (0.8%) and congenital adrenal hyperplasia (0.2%). Before the IVF treatment, systematic endocrine laboratory examinations were performed in all patients. Higher age, BMI and FSH were found in the study group, while AMH level was lower. There were no differences in LH, E2, prolactin, TSH, FT3, FT4, TT, DHEAS, androstendione, 17-OHP and SHBG level between the study and control groups. The study group had higher baseline glucose, baseline insulin, 120-min glucose and 120-min insulin level after oral glucose tolerance test. With no difference in the IVF cycles performed, pregnancy rate was lower in the study group (61.43% vs. 34.16%; p = 0.003), and this difference (p = 0.0151) remained in age-corrected rates, as well. The analyses were also performed in individual endocrinology groups. The prevalence of endocrine disorders is high in females participating in IVF programs, and they are often accompanying each other. Even after proper correction, the presence of the endocrine disorder negatively influences the pregnancy rate in IVF treatment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"30","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproductive Sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.)"}}},"pageStart":"1878","pageEnd":"1890","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43032-022-01137-0","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s43032-022-01137-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36477597"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-longerterm-effects-of-ivf-on-offspring-from-childhood-to-adolescence-86gdjdzj/","name":"The longer-term effects of IVF on offspring from childhood to adolescence","headline":"The longer-term effects of IVF on offspring from childhood to adolescence","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-longerterm-effects-of-ivf-on-offspring-from-childhood-to-adolescence-86gdjdzj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Roger J Hart","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6610-3040","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"School of Women's and Infants' Health; The University of Western Australia, King Edward Memorial Hospital and Fertility Specialists of Western Australia; Subiaco, Perth Australia"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wijs LA","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1486-4032"}],"datePublished":"2022-12-08","abstract":"It is well established that there are increased pregnancy-related complications  for a woman who conceives through assisted reproductive treatment (ART).  Furthermore, it is known that the risk to the child born is greater, believed to  be related to prematurity and growth restriction. Studies have also reported  epigenetic changes in the DNA of offspring conceived through ART. In addition,  it is believed that they have a greater risk of congenital malformations,  although some of these risks may relate to underlying infertility, rather than  the ART treatment per se. As a result, it may be expected that there is a  greater risk to the longer-term health of the child who is born from ART;  however, evidence about the long-term health of children conceived through ART  is reassuring. Even though, it is recognised that many of the studies in this  field come with limitations. Low numbers of participants is one of the major  limitations, which makes subgroup analyses for diverse types of ART, or diverse  types of infertility, not feasible. Furthermore, studies are often limited by  short follow-up periods because of the difficulty and costs involved in  longitudinal study designs. In addition, the rapid changes over time in ART  limit the generalisability and significance of long-term findings. Well-designed  studies investigating the long-term health outcomes of ART-conceived offspring  and the potential influences of various aspects of the ART procedure, as well as  studies of the potential underlying epigenetic mechanisms, are imperative.  Furthermore, conclusions from childhood hospitalisation data from the United  Kingdom, the long-term follow-up and quality of life study from researchers in  Melbourne, and the data published from the Western Australian Growing Up Healthy  Study will go a long way to help reassure current and prospective parents who  may require ART to conceive.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Front Reprod Health"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frph.2022.1045762","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/frph.2022.1045762"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36570043"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/impact-of-textile-dyes-on-health-and-ecosystem-a-review-of-structure-causes-and--fuvyfrw8/","name":"Impact of textile dyes on health and ecosystem: a review of structure, causes, and potential solutions","headline":"Impact of textile dyes on health and ecosystem: a review of structure, causes, and potential solutions","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/impact-of-textile-dyes-on-health-and-ecosystem-a-review-of-structure-causes-and--fuvyfrw8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Islam T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Repon M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarwar Z"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mosiur Rahman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2465-4303"}],"datePublished":"2022-12-02","abstract":"The rapid growth of population and industrialization have intensified the problem of water pollution globally. To meet the challenge of industrialization, the use of synthetic dyes in the textile industry, dyeing and printing industry, tannery and paint industry, paper and pulp industry, cosmetic and food industry, dye manufacturing industry, and pharmaceutical industry has increased exponentially. Among these industries, the textile industry is prominent for the water pollution due to the hefty consumption of water and discharge of coloring materials in the effluent. The discharge of this effluent into the aquatic reservoir affects its biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), and pH. The release of the effluents without any remedial treatment will generate a gigantic peril to the aquatic ecosystem and human health. The ecological-friendly treatment of the dye-containing wastewater to minimize the detrimental effect on human health and the environment is the need of the hour. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the catastrophic effects of textile dyes on human health and the environment. This review provides a comprehensive insight into the dyes and chemicals used in the textile industry, focusing on the typical treatment processes for their removal from industrial wastewaters, including chemical, biological, physical, and hybrid techniques.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"30","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research"}}},"pageStart":"9207","pageEnd":"9242","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-24398-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39184241"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s11356-022-24398-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36459315"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39184241"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/elite-female-football-players-perception-of-the-impact-of-their-menstrual-cycle--oke3e7ey/","name":"Elite female football players' perception of the impact of their menstrual cycle stages on their football performance. A semi-structured interview-based study","headline":"Elite female football players' perception of the impact of their menstrual cycle stages on their football performance. A semi-structured interview-based study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/elite-female-football-players-perception-of-the-impact-of-their-menstrual-cycle--oke3e7ey/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Read P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mehta R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rosenbloom C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jobson E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Okholm Kryger K"}],"datePublished":"2022-12-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: This study assesses how female footballers perceive how their menstrual cycle impacts their physical and psychological performance, informing future research and intervention.\n\nMETHODS: Semi-structured interviews, developed using piloting and peer review took place with fifteen elite female footballers from two English WSL clubs (age: 25.2 [18-33]). Data was audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed thematically using NVivo.\n\nRESULTS: All players (100%) perceive their menstrual cycle to negatively impact performance. Analysing 27,438 words of data revealed five themes: A) symptoms, B) preparation, C) performance, D) recovery, and E) management. Over half (53%) of players experienced decreased appetite and sleep quality prior to performance during menstruation. Competitive performance was perceived to be most negatively impacted during menses (54 references) following by the pre-menstrual stage (23 references). During menstruation, the most impacted physical performance indicators were power (93%) and fatigue (87%). Psychologically, confidence, focus, and reaction to criticism were commonly affected (66.7%). Players reported missing training (13.3%) and matches (13.3%) due to severity of impact. Recovery was affected during the pre-menstrual (26.7%) and menstrual (66.7) stages. Players self-manage symptoms using over the counter (66.7%) and prescription (26.7%) medication, some prophylactically prior to competition (46.7%).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: This first attempt to ascertain player perception in football exposes a clear negative impact on performance. The complex interplay of biopsychosocial and logistical factors, lack of awareness and education highlight the need for further research. Intervention is necessary and immediate initiation would be prudent, starting with simple measures such as basic self-management advice, education, and provision of sanitary products.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Science & medicine in football"}}},"pageStart":"616","pageEnd":"625","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24733938.2021.2020330","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/24733938.2021.2020330"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36540911"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-a-mediterranean-diet-pattern-with-adverse-pregnancy-outcomes-amon-umwbxun3/","name":"Association of a Mediterranean Diet Pattern With Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes Among US Women","headline":"Association of a Mediterranean Diet Pattern With Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes Among US Women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-a-mediterranean-diet-pattern-with-adverse-pregnancy-outcomes-amon-umwbxun3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Makarem N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chau K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Miller EC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gyamfi-Bannerman C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tous I"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Booker W"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Catov JM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Haas DM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"W A Grobman"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Levine LD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"McNeil R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bairey Merz CN"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Reddy U"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ronald J Wapner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0727-1244","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Thomas Jefferson University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ysqcn41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wong MS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bello NA"}],"datePublished":"2022-12-01","abstract":"IMPORTANCE: The Mediterranean diet pattern is inversely associated with the leading causes of morbidity and mortality, including metabolic diseases and cardiovascular disease, but there are limited data on its association with adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) among US women.\n\nOBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether concordance to a Mediterranean diet pattern around the time of conception is associated with lower risk of developing any APO and individual APOs.\n\nDESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This prospective, multicenter, cohort study, the Nulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes Study: Monitoring Mothers-to-Be, enrolled 10 038 women between October 1, 2010, and September 30, 2013, with a final analytic sample of 7798 racially, ethnically, and geographically diverse women with singleton pregnancies who had complete diet data. Data analyses were completed between June 3, 2021, and April 7, 2022.\n\nEXPOSURES: An Alternate Mediterranean Diet (aMed) score (range, 0-9; low, 0-3; moderate, 4-5; and high, 6-9) was computed from data on habitual diet in the 3 months around conception, assessed using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire.\n\nMAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Adverse pregnancy outcomes were prospectively ascertained and defined as developing 1 or more of the following: preeclampsia or eclampsia, gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, preterm birth, delivery of a small-for-gestational-age infant, or stillbirth.\n\nRESULTS: Of 7798 participants (mean [SD] age, 27.4 [5.5] years), 754 (9.7%) were aged 35 years or older, 816 (10.5%) were non-Hispanic Black, 1294 (16.6%) were Hispanic, and 1522 (19.5%) had obesity at baseline. The mean (SD) aMed score was 4.3 (2.1), and the prevalence of high, moderate, and low concordance to a Mediterranean diet pattern around the time of conception was 30.6% (n=2388), 31.2% (n=2430), and 38.2% (n=2980), respectively. In multivariable models, a high vs low aMed score was associated with 21% lower odds of any APO (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.79 [95% CI, 0.68-0.92]), 28% lower odds of preeclampsia or eclampsia (aOR, 0.72 [95% CI, 0.55-0.93]), and 37% lower odds of gestational diabetes (aOR, 0.63 [95% CI, 0.44-0.90]). There were no differences by race, ethnicity, and prepregnancy body mass index, but associations were stronger among women aged 35 years or older (aOR, 0.54 [95% CI, 0.34-0.84]; P = .02 for interaction). When aMed score quintiles were evaluated, similar associations were observed, with higher scores being inversely associated with the incidence of any APO.\n\nCONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: This cohort study suggests that greater adherence to a Mediterranean diet pattern is associated with lower risk of APOs, with evidence of a dose-response association. Intervention studies are needed to assess whether dietary modification around the time of conception can reduce risk of APOs and their downstream associations with future development of cardiovascular disease risk factors and overt disease.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA network open"}}},"pageStart":"e2248165","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.48165","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.48165"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36547978"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-importance-of-estradiol-for-body-weight-regulation-in-women-recvglvup6a4sgmlu/","name":"The importance of estradiol for body weight regulation in women","headline":"The importance of estradiol for body weight regulation in women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-importance-of-estradiol-for-body-weight-regulation-in-women-recvglvup6a4sgmlu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jaime Meléndez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9896-2547","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Secretaría de Educación Pública"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Grace Petkovic","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4588-6792","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Arrowe Park Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00mp5cm68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Juan Pablo Del Río","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3126-0745","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Millennium Science Initiative","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01c080z51"}}],"datePublished":"2022-11-25","abstract":"Obesity in women of reproductive age has a number of adverse metabolic effects, including Type II Diabetes (T2D), dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disease. It is associated with increased menstrual irregularity, ovulatory dysfunction, development of insulin resistance and infertility. In women, estradiol is not only critical for reproductive function, but they also control food intake and energy expenditure. Food intake is known to change during the menstrual cycle in humans. This change in food intake is largely mediated by estradiol, which acts directly upon anorexigenic and orexigenic neurons, largely in the hypothalamus. Estradiol also acts indirectly with peripheral mediators such as glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1). Like estradiol, GLP-1 acts on receptors at the hypothalamus. This review describes the physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms governing the actions of estradiol during the menstrual cycle on food intake and energy expenditure and how estradiol acts with other weight-controlling molecules such as GLP-1. GLP-1 analogs have proven to be effective both to manage obesity and T2D in women. This review also highlights the relationship between steroid hormones and women's mental health. It explains how a decline or imbalance in estradiol levels affects insulin sensitivity in the brain. This can cause cerebral insulin resistance, which contributes to the development of conditions such as Parkinson's or Alzheimer's disease. The proper use of both estradiol and GLP-1 analogs can help to manage obesity and preserve an optimal mental health in women by reducing the mechanisms that trigger neurodegenerative disorders.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology"}},"pageStart":"951186","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.951186","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fendo.2022.951186"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36419765"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prenatal-antidepressant-exposures-and-autism-spectrum-disorder-or-traits-a-retro-recbgvrzt7quucntk/","name":"Prenatal Antidepressant Exposures and Autism Spectrum Disorder or Traits: A  Retrospective, Multi-Cohort Study","headline":"Prenatal Antidepressant Exposures and Autism Spectrum Disorder or Traits: A  Retrospective, Multi-Cohort Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prenatal-antidepressant-exposures-and-autism-spectrum-disorder-or-traits-a-retro-recbgvrzt7quucntk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brennan PA, Dunlop AL, Croen LA, Avalos LA, Salisbury AL, Hipwell AE, Nozadi SS, Sathyanarayana S, Crum RM, Musci R, Li M, Li X, Mansolf M, O'Connor TG, Elliott AJ, Ghildayal N, Lin PD, Sprowles JLN, Stanford JB, Bendixsen C, Ozonoff S, Lester BM, Shuster CL, Huddleston KC, Posner J, Paneth N"}],"datePublished":"2022-11-24","abstract":"Prenatal antidepressant exposure has been associated with increased risk for neurodevelopmental disorders in childhood, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The current study utilized multi-cohort data from the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) program (N = 3129) to test for this association, and determine whether the association remained after adjusting for maternal prenatal depression and other potential confounders. Antidepressants and a subset of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) were examined in relation to binary (e.g., diagnostic) and continuous measures of ASD and ASD related traits (e.g., social difficulties, behavior problems) in children 1.5 to 12 years of age. Child sex was tested as an effect modifier. While prenatal antidepressant exposure was associated with ASD related traits in univariate analyses, these associations were statistically non-significant in models that adjusted for prenatal maternal depression and other maternal and child characteristics. Sex assigned at birth was not an effect modifier for the prenatal antidepressant and child ASD relationship. Overall, we found no association between prenatal antidepressant exposures and ASD diagnoses or traits. Discontinuation of antidepressants in pregnancy does not appear to be warranted on the basis of increased risk for offspring ASD.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"51","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology"}}},"pageStart":"513","pageEnd":"527","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-022-01000-5","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s10802-022-01000-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36417100"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-gut-microbiome-and-female-health-mavzue7l/","name":"The Gut Microbiome and Female Health","headline":"The Gut Microbiome and Female Health","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-gut-microbiome-and-female-health-mavzue7l/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Siddiqui R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Makhlouf Z"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alharbi AM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alfahemi H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Khan NA"}],"datePublished":"2022-11-21","abstract":"The possession of two X chromosomes may come with the risk of various illnesses, females are more likely to be affected by osteoarthritis, heart disease, and anxiety. Given the reported correlations between gut microbiome dysbiosis and various illnesses, the female gut microbiome is worthy of exploration. Herein, we discuss the composition of the female gut microbiota and its dysbiosis in pathologies affecting the female population. Using PubMed, we performed a literature search, using key terms, namely: \"gut microbiome\", \"estrogen\", \"menopause\", \"polycystic ovarian syndrome\", \"pregnancy\", and \"menstruation\". In polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), the abundance of Bacteroides vulgatus, Firmicutes, Streptococcus, and the ratio of Escherichia/Shigella was found to be increased while that of Tenericutes ML615J-28, Tenericutes 124-7, Akkermansia, Ruminococcaceae, and Bacteroidetes S24-7 was reduced. In breast cancer, the abundance of Clostridiales was enhanced, while in cervical cancer, Prevotella, Porphyromonas, and Dialister were enhanced but Bacteroides, Alistipes, and members of Lachnospiracea, were decreased. In ovarian cancer, Prevotella abundance was increased. Interestingly, the administration of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Lactobacillus reuteri, and Lactobacillus fermentum ameliorated PCOS symptoms while that of a mix of Bifidobacterium lactis W51, Bifidobacterium bifidum W23, Lactobacillus brevis W63, Bifidobacterium lactis W52, Lactobacillus salivarius W24, Lactobacillus acidophilus W37, Lactococcus lactis W19, Lactobacillus casei W56, and Lactococcus lactis W58 alleviated vascular malfunction and arterial stiffness in obese postmenopausal women, and finally, while further research is needed, Prevotella maybe protective against postmenopausal bone mass loss. As several studies report the therapeutic potential of probiotics and since the gut microbiota of certain female pathological states has been relatively characterized, we speculate that the administration of certain bacterial species as probiotics is warranted, as novel independent or adjunct therapies for various female pathologies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Biology"}}},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11111683","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q137297491"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/biology11111683"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36421397"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q137297491"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/paternal-epigenetic-influences-on-placental-health-and-their-impacts-on-offsprin-9clqlxie/","name":"Paternal epigenetic influences on placental health and their impacts on offspring development and disease","headline":"Paternal epigenetic influences on placental health and their impacts on offspring development and disease","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/paternal-epigenetic-influences-on-placental-health-and-their-impacts-on-offsprin-9clqlxie/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bhadsavle SS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Golding MC"}],"datePublished":"2022-11-18","abstract":"Our efforts to understand the developmental origins of birth defects and disease have primarily focused on maternal exposures and intrauterine stressors. Recently, research into non-genomic mechanisms of inheritance has led to the recognition that epigenetic factors carried in sperm also significantly impact the health of future generations. However, although researchers have described a range of potential epigenetic signals transmitted through sperm, we have yet to obtain a mechanistic understanding of how these paternally-inherited factors influence offspring development and modify life-long health. In this endeavor, the emerging influence of the paternal epigenetic program on placental development, patterning, and function may help explain how a diverse range of male exposures induce comparable intergenerational effects on offspring health. During pregnancy, the placenta serves as the dynamic interface between mother and fetus, regulating nutrient, oxygen, and waste exchange and coordinating fetal growth and maturation. Studies examining intrauterine maternal stressors routinely describe alterations in placental growth, histological organization, and glycogen content, which correlate with well-described influences on infant health and adult onset of disease. Significantly, the emergence of similar phenotypes in models examining preconception male exposures indicates that paternal stressors transmit an epigenetic memory to their offspring that also negatively impacts placental function. Like maternal models, paternally programmed placental dysfunction exerts life-long consequences on offspring health, particularly metabolic function. Here, focusing primarily on rodent models, we review the literature and discuss the influences of preconception male health and exposure history on placental growth and patterning. We emphasize the emergence of common placental phenotypes shared between models examining preconception male and intrauterine stressors but note that the direction of change frequently differs between maternal and paternal exposures. We posit that alterations in placental growth, histological organization, and glycogen content broadly serve as reliable markers of altered paternal developmental programming, predicting the emergence of structural and metabolic defects in the offspring. Finally, we suggest the existence of an unrecognized developmental axis between the male germline and the extraembryonic lineages that may have evolved to enhance fetal adaptation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Genetics"}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2022.1068408","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fgene.2022.1068408"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-association-between-endometriosis-and-risk-of-endometrial-cancer-and-breast--tzjc7l20/","name":"The association between endometriosis and risk of endometrial cancer and breast cancer: a meta-analysis","headline":"The association between endometriosis and risk of endometrial cancer and breast cancer: a meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-association-between-endometriosis-and-risk-of-endometrial-cancer-and-breast--tzjc7l20/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Juan Ye","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1700-003X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangxi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02c9qn167"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peng H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiaojie Huang"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiang Qi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"New York University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0190ak572"}}],"datePublished":"2022-11-18","abstract":"PURPOSE: Endometriosis (EMS) is confirmed pathophysiologically to be an estrogen-dependent disease, similar to endometrial hyperplasia/cancer and breast cancer. Epidemiological and biological data on endometriosis might explain links between endometriosis and these cancers. We sought to identify the differences in the risk of endometrial cancer and breast cancer between women with and women without endometriosis.\n\nMETHODS: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and four Chinese databases (CNKI, VIP, WanFang, CBM) to identify relevant studies published online between January 2011 and March 2021. In our meta-analysis, we used the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) to evaluate the design and quality of all studies, and we calculated the pooled risk ratio (RR) using the random model. The Q test and I2 were used to evaluate the degree of heterogeneity of eligible studies. We used funnel plots and Begg's and Egger's tests to assess publication bias.\n\nRESULTS: Of the 1369 articles, we finally included 14 cohort studies and seven case-control studies. Data from large cohort and case-control studies indicate that women with endometriosis had an increased risk of both endometrial cancer [RR, 1.662; 95% CI, (1.148-2.407)] and breast cancer [RR, 1.082; 95% CI, (1.001-1.169)].\n\nCONCLUSION: Endometriosis can increase the risk of endometrial cancer and breast cancer, and women with endometriosis are recommended to receive routine screening in long-term management.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMC women's health"}}},"pageStart":"455","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-022-02028-x","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s12905-022-02028-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36401252"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/contraceptives-and-cancer-risks-in-brca12-pathogenic-variant-carriers-a-systemat-reczzy8rcy3h7iqn2/","name":"Contraceptives and cancer risks in BRCA1/2 pathogenic variant carriers: a  systematic review and meta-analysis","headline":"Contraceptives and cancer risks in BRCA1/2 pathogenic variant carriers: a  systematic review and meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/contraceptives-and-cancer-risks-in-brca12-pathogenic-variant-carriers-a-systemat-reczzy8rcy3h7iqn2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Majke H D van Bommel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7562-9861","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences , Nijmegen, the Netherlands"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joanna IntHout","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6127-0747","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Radboud University Nijmegen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016xsfp80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Marleen Kets","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4158-763X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Radboud University Nijmegen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016xsfp80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joanne A de Hullu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5578-092X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Radboud University Nijmegen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016xsfp80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anne M van Altena","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2598-087X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Radboud University Nijmegen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016xsfp80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marline G Harmsen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Radboud University Nijmegen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016xsfp80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Guus Veldmate","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ziekenhuis Gelderse Vallei","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03862t386"}}],"datePublished":"2022-11-17","abstract":"Background: Increasing numbers of BReast CAncer (BRCA) 1 or 2 pathogenic variant (PV) carriers, who have an inherited predisposition to breast and ovarian cancer, are being identified. Among these women, data regarding the effects of contraception on cancer risks are unclear and various guidelines provide various recommendations. OBJECTIVE AND\n\nRationale: We aim to optimize counselling regarding contraception for BRCA1/2-PV carriers. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis. We investigated the risk ratio for developing breast cancer or ovarian cancer in BRCA1/2-PV carriers who have used any form of contraception versus non-users. Second, we analysed breast and ovarian cancer risk among BRCA1/2-PV carriers as influenced by the duration of contraceptive use and by the time since last use. In addition, we provide an overview of all relevant international guidelines regarding contraceptive use for BRCA1/2-PV carriers. SEARCH\n\nMethods: A systematic search in the Medline database and Cochrane library identified studies describing breast and/or ovarian cancer risk in BRCA1/2-PV carriers as modified by contraception until June 2021. The search included medical subject headings, keywords and synonyms related to BRCA and contraceptives (any kind). PRISMA guidance was followed. Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies of Interventions and Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations assessments were performed. Random-effects meta-analyses were used to estimate pooled effects for breast and ovarian cancer risk separately. Subgroup analyses were conducted for BRCA1 versus BRCA2 and for the various contraceptive methods.\n\nOutcomes: Results of the breast cancer risk with oral contraceptive pill (OCP) analysis depended on the outcome measure. Meta-analyses of seven studies with 7525 women revealed a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.55 (95% CI: 1.36-1.76) and of four studies including 9106 women resulted in an odds ratio (OR) of 1.06 (95% CI: 0.90-1.25), heterogeneity (I2) 0% and 52%, respectively. Breast cancer risk was still increased in ever-users compared with never-users >10 years after last OCP use. In contrast, ovarian cancer risk was decreased among OCP users: HR 0.62 (95% CI: 0.52-0.74) based on two studies including 10 981 women (I2: 0%), and OR 0.49 (95% CI: 0.38-0.63) based on eight studies including 10 390 women (I2: 64%). The protective effect vanished after cessation of use. Tubal ligation also protects against ovarian cancer: one study including 3319 women (I2: 0%): HR: 0.44 (95% CI: 0.26-0.74) and three studies with 7691 women (I2: 44%): OR: 0.74 (95% CI: 0.53-1.03). Data regarding other contraceptives were unavailable. No differences were observed between BRCA1 and BRCA2-PV carriers. The quality of evidence was either low or very low. WIDER Implications: The OCP potentially increases breast cancer risk, while ovarian cancer risk decreases with either the OCP and tubal ligation in BRCA1/2-PV carriers. Counselling of BRCA1/2-PV carriers should be personalized; the genetic and non-genetic factors (like prior risk-reducing surgeries, prior breast cancer and age) and patients' preferences (reversibility, ease of use, reliability and effect on menstrual cycle) should be balanced. To further optimize counselling for high-risk women, future research should focus on other (commonly used) contraceptive methods and cancer risks in this specific population, and on the potential impact of changing formulations over time.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"29","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction Update"}}},"pageStart":"197","pageEnd":"217","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmac038","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humupd/dmac038"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36383189"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/patient-informed-choice-in-the-age-of-evidence-based-medicine-ivf-patients-appro-recetg7v5zmrxeyst/","name":"Patient informed choice in the age of evidence-based medicine: IVF patients' approaches to biomedical evidence and fertility treatment add-ons","headline":"Patient informed choice in the age of evidence-based medicine: IVF patients' approaches to biomedical evidence and fertility treatment add-ons","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/patient-informed-choice-in-the-age-of-evidence-based-medicine-ivf-patients-appro-recetg7v5zmrxeyst/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Josie Hamper","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3786-0229","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen Mary University of London","sameAs":"https://ror.org/026zzn846"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Manuela Perrotta","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8278-697X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen Mary University of London","sameAs":"https://ror.org/026zzn846"}}],"datePublished":"2022-11-13","abstract":"With the increasing offer of fertility treatment by a largely privatised sector, which has involved the proliferation of treatment add-ons lacking evidence of effectiveness, In-Vitro Fertilisation (IVF) patients are expected to make informed choices on what to include in their treatment. Drawing on interviews with 51 individuals undergoing fertility treatment, this article explores patients' approaches to medical evidence interpretation and its role in their decisions to include add-ons. While most IVF patients share understandings of what counts as medical evidence, our findings show how their approaches also differ. Our analysis focuses on how patients negotiate the notion of medical evidence and its relation to other forms of experience or knowledge. We present four different approaches to evidence in IVF: (1) delegating evaluations of evidence to experts; (2) critically assessing available evidence; (3) acknowledging the process of making evidence; and (4) contextualising evidence in their lived experience of infertility. We suggest that patients' choice to include add-ons is not due to a lack of information on or understanding of evidence, but rather should be interpreted as part of the complexity of patients' experiences of infertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"45","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Sociology of Health & Illness"}}},"pageStart":"225","pageEnd":"241","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9566.13581","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/1467-9566.13581"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36369731"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adaptive-reversible-hypothalamic-reproductive-suppression-more-than-functional-h-recg7i8bdrehhx10g/","name":"Adaptive, reversible, hypothalamic reproductive suppression: More than functional  hypothalamic amenorrhea","headline":"Adaptive, reversible, hypothalamic reproductive suppression: More than functional  hypothalamic amenorrhea","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adaptive-reversible-hypothalamic-reproductive-suppression-more-than-functional-h-recg7i8bdrehhx10g/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2022-11-08","abstract":"OPINION article Front. Endocrinol., 19 October 2022Sec. Reproduction Volume 13 - 2022 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.893889","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology"}},"pageStart":"893889","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.893889","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fendo.2022.893889"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36339445"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/trends-in-copper-versus-hormonal-intrauterine-device-breakage-reporting-within-t-rec7wp2wbdqq8u2xy/","name":"Trends in copper versus hormonal intrauterine device breakage reporting within  the United States' Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System","headline":"Trends in copper versus hormonal intrauterine device breakage reporting within  the United States' Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/trends-in-copper-versus-hormonal-intrauterine-device-breakage-reporting-within-t-rec7wp2wbdqq8u2xy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Brian T Nguyen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0282-3241","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kyle R Latack","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8677-8002","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States. Electronic address: kyle.latack@gmail.com.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291"}}],"datePublished":"2022-11-04","abstract":"Objective: To examine trends in national reporting of broken intrauterine devices (IUDs).\n\nStudy Design: We enumerated IUD device \"breakage\" reports in the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System from inception (1998) until February 2022. We explored associations of breakage with IUD type (copper versus hormonal), year reported, reporter (consumer versus clinician), and patient characteristics (age and weight).\n\nResults: We identified 4144 breakage reports for copper versus 2140 for hormonal IUDs. Among the 170,215 adverse events reported, breaks were disproportionately reported for copper (9.6%) versus hormonal (1.7%) IUDs.\n\nConclusion: National pharmacovigilance data suggests disproportionate breakage in copper versus hormonal IUDs though the true prevalence of breaks cannot be calculated from this dataset.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"118","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}},"pageStart":"109909","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2022.10.011","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.contraception.2022.10.011"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36328095"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/state-of-the-fertility-sector-20212022-rec73lntzo6nidnja/","name":"State of the Fertility Sector 2021/2022","headline":"State of the Fertility Sector 2021/2022","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/state-of-the-fertility-sector-20212022-rec73lntzo6nidnja/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority"}],"datePublished":"2022-11-01","abstract":"# State of the fertility sector 2021/22\nAnnual publication on HFEA licensed clinics\nPublished: October 2022\n[Download the underlying dataset as .xlsx](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/media/lxkhzo04/state-of-the-fertility-sector-2021-2022-underlying-data.xlsx \"State of the Fertility Sector 2021 - 2022 - underlying data\")\n## Table of contents\n- [About this report](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/state-of-the-fertility-sector-2021-2022/#section-1)\n- [1\\. Changes to interim inspection themes](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/state-of-the-fertility-sector-2021-2022/#section-2)\n- [2\\. There were 105 inspections undertaken in 2021/22](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/state-of-the-fertility-sector-2021-2022/#section-3)\n- [3\\. In 2021/22, 104 clinics were licensed by the HFEA to provide fertility treatment](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/state-of-the-fertility-sector-2021-2022/#section-4)\n- [4\\. No Grade A incidents since 2020/21, and severe OHSS remained consistent with previous years](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/state-of-the-fertility-sector-2021-2022/#section-5)\n- [5\\. Patient complaints decreased in 2021/22](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/state-of-the-fertility-sector-2021-2022/#section-6)\n- [About our data](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/state-of-the-fertility-sector-2021-2022/#about-our-data)\n## About this report\nThe Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA) is the independent regulator of fertility treatment and human embryo research in the United Kingdom (UK). We aim to ensure that everyone receives high quality care in a licenced fertility clinic. We do this by licensing, monitoring, and inspecting fertility clinics and providing free, clear and impartial information about fertility treatment, clinics, and egg, sperm, and embryo donation.\n...","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/interpregnancy-interval-and-adverse-pregnancy-outcomes-among-pregnancies-followi-fv80lbze/","name":"Interpregnancy interval and adverse pregnancy outcomes among pregnancies following miscarriages or induced abortions in Norway (2008-2016): A cohort study","headline":"Interpregnancy interval and adverse pregnancy outcomes among pregnancies following miscarriages or induced abortions in Norway (2008-2016): A cohort study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/interpregnancy-interval-and-adverse-pregnancy-outcomes-among-pregnancies-followi-fv80lbze/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Gizachew Assefa Tessema","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4784-8151","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Curtin University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02n415q13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Håberg SE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gavin Pereira","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3740-8117","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Norwegian Institute of Public Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/046nvst19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Regan AK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jennifer Dunne","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1001-732X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Curtin University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02n415q13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Magnus MC"}],"datePublished":"2022-11-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: The World Health Organization recommends to wait at least 6 months after miscarriage and induced abortion before becoming pregnant again to avoid complications in the next pregnancy, although the evidence-based underlying this recommendation is scarce. We aimed to investigate the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes-preterm birth (PTB), spontaneous PTB, small for gestational age (SGA) birth, large for gestational age (LGA) birth, preeclampsia, and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)-by interpregnancy interval (IPI) for births following a previous miscarriage or induced abortion.\n\nMETHODS AND FINDINGS: We conducted a cohort study using a total of 49,058 births following a previous miscarriage and 23,707 births following a previous induced abortion in Norway between 2008 and 2016. We modeled the relationship between IPI and 6 adverse pregnancy outcomes separately for births after miscarriages and births after induced abortions. We used log-binomial regression to estimate unadjusted and adjusted relative risk (aRR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). In the adjusted model, we included maternal age, gravidity, and year of birth measured at the time of the index (after interval) births. In a sensitivity analysis, we further adjusted for smoking during pregnancy and prepregnancy body mass index. Compared to births with an IPI of 6 to 11 months after miscarriages (10.1%), there were lower risks of SGA births among births with an IPI of <3 months (8.6%) (aRR 0.85, 95% CI: 0.79, 0.92, p < 0.01) and 3 to 5 months (9.0%) (aRR 0.90, 95% CI: 0.83, 0.97, p = 0.01). An IPI of <3 months after a miscarriage (3.3%) was also associated with lower risk of GDM (aRR 0.84, 95% CI: 0.75, 0.96, p = 0.01) as compared to an IPI of 6 to 11 months (4.5%). For births following an induced abortion, an IPI <3 months (11.5%) was associated with a nonsignificant but increased risk of SGA (aRR 1.16, 95% CI: 0.99, 1.36, p = 0.07) as compared to an IPI of 6 to 11 months (10.0%), while the risk of LGA was lower among those with an IPI 3 to 5 months (8.0%) (aRR 0.84, 95% CI: 0.72, 0.98, p = 0.03) compared to an IPI of 6 to 11 months (9.4%). There was no observed association between adverse pregnancy outcomes with an IPI >12 months after either a miscarriage or induced abortion (p > 0.05), with the exception of an increased risk of GDM among women with an IPI of 12 to 17 months (5.8%) (aRR 1.20, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.40, p = 0.02), 18 to 23 months (6.2%) (aRR 1.24, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.50, p = 0.03), and ≥24 months (6.4%) (aRR 1.14, 95% CI: 0.97, 1.34, p = 0.10) compared to an IPI of 6 to 11 months (4.5%) after a miscarriage. Inherent to retrospective registry-based studies, we did not have information on potential confounders such as pregnancy intention and health-seeking bahaviour. Furthermore, we only had information on miscarriages that resulted in contact with the healthcare system.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that conceiving within 3 months after a miscarriage or an induced abortion is not associated with increased risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes. In combination with previous research, these results suggest that women could attempt pregnancy soon after a previous miscarriage or induced abortion without increasing perinatal health risks.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"PLoS medicine"}}},"pageStart":"e1004129","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1004129","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1371/journal.pmed.1004129"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36413512"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metabolic-dysregulation-in-patients-with-premature-ovarian-insufficiency-reveale-recmgalixylamjjf9/","name":"Metabolic dysregulation in patients with premature ovarian insufficiency revealed  by integrated transcriptomic, methylomic and metabolomic analyses","headline":"Metabolic dysregulation in patients with premature ovarian insufficiency revealed  by integrated transcriptomic, methylomic and metabolomic analyses","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metabolic-dysregulation-in-patients-with-premature-ovarian-insufficiency-reveale-recmgalixylamjjf9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Zheng Fu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6843-7899","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/034t30j35"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Liang Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1461-0438"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiumei Zhen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5406-426X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/034t30j35"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chunsheng Han","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4581-545X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/034t30j35"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chong Lu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0274-5382","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/034t30j35"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Caimeng Qin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/034t30j35"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lina Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5690-5365","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wadsworth Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/050kf9c55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mingwei Xin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6503-5253","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Peking University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02v51f717"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yanxiao Yi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Capital Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/013xs5b60"}}],"datePublished":"2022-11-01","abstract":"Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a disorder of ovarian function, which occurs in approximately 3.7% of women younger than 40 years of age.1 The aetiologies of most cases were unknown and usually manifest as isolated organ senescence at early stage of diagnosis, only with long-term consequences of increased risk of metabolic syndrome or disease.2 We tried to explore the essence of POI from multiple dimensions. First, we found that upregulated genes in POI patients' ovarian granulosa cells were mainly enriched in metabolic pathways. Then, we profiled metabolites in the patients' sera and identified some metabolites with changed levels, including fumarate, arachidonate and acetoacetate, and the combination of hyodeoxycholic acid (HDCA) and acetoacetate may be used as one of potential biomarkers for POI. In addition, we found genes with upregulated transcription levels and differential methylated levels were enriched in oxidative stress pathways, which can be also elucidated from abnormal metabolism.The transcriptomes of patient and control granulosa cells were profiled, and 3966 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (fold change > 2, Padj < .05) were identified (Table S1). Gene ontology analyses found that downregulated DEGs were mainly related to extracellular matrix/structure organization and different types of junctions. The upregulated DEGs were enriched in various catabolic/metabolic/biosynthetic/processes (Figure 1A). KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes) analysis showed that cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction, PI3K-Akt-signalling pathway and MAPK-signalling pathway were enriched in the downregulated genes, whereas the metabolic pathway was the most enriched in the upregulated genes. Moreover, other pathways, such as amino acid degradation, synthesis, peroxisome and oxidative phosphorylation, were also enriched in upregulated DEGs (Figure 1B). Several previous studies present valuable information about metabolic features of POI, which mainly focus on total cholesterol, lipoprotein cholesterol and glucose metabolism.3-6 Elevated levels of free fatty acids in follicular fluid were also reported as a potential driver of human POI.7 However, many of these results were inconsistent and not so comprehensive, although they have been noteworthy. Therefore, we carried out metabolomic analyses on serum samples from POI patients and controls. The outlined demographic characteristics of all recruited patients and controls were shown (Table 1). Two cohorts were enrolled in the metabolomic analyses in this study (Figure 2A). In the discovery cohort, a total of 6 categories of 181 features were reliably detected. POI patients could be clearly distinguished from controls by conducting multivariate statistical analysis (Figure 2B). Sixty-two features with VIP (variable importance in projection) values greater than 1 were identified and considered as differential metabolites (DMets). Subsequently, 26 of the 63 DMets were found to be significantly different between POI patients and controls using univariate t test analysis (p < .05) (Figure 2C; Table S2). Next, 32 out of the 62 features were validated using the validation cohort (Table S3). The numbers of metabolites in the union and intersections of the DMets identified from the discovery and validation cohorts were 39 and 13, respectively. Pearson's correlation coefficient figure and heat map analysis of the 39 DMets are shown (Figure S1). Enrichment and pathway analysis of the 39 DMets are shown respectively (Figure 2D,E). Out of the 13 validated DMets, 5 (acetoacetate, glutamate, C22:1, arachidonate and succinate) and 4 (HDCA, C22:0, homocitrulline [Hcit] and fumarate) were increased and decreased in the sera of POI patients, respectively. In addition, ROS and LDH (lactic dehydrogenase) were increased, and NADH and ATP were decreased in patients (Figure 2F). Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed and 8 metabolites had area under curve (AUCs) greater than .7. In addition, the top two combinations with the highest AUCs were NADH plus acetoacetate (.868) and HDCA plus acetoacetate (.955) (Figure 2G,H). Furthermore, we reanalysed the human granulosa cell whole-genome DNA methylation profiling data that we previously generated.7 A number of 536 genes were hypermethylated in their differentially methylated regions (DMRs), whereas 1583 genes with hypomethylated DMRs were identified (Table S4; Figure S2). Integrating our transcriptomic and methylomic data, we found that 240 differentially expressed and methylated genes (DEMGs) were mainly enriched in response to oxidative stress, response to chemical stress, reactive oxygen species and hydrogen peroxide (Table S5; Figure S3A,B). DNMT3, DNMT1, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase) and 5-methyltetrahydrofolate–homocysteine methyltransferase reductase, involved in methionine cycle, were differently expressed in POI patients' granulosa cells (Figure S3C). We next conducted network analysis on these DEMGs and the metabolites we detected (Table S6; Figure S4). The top five DMets were ATP, arachidonate, serotonin, glutamate and citrate. Glutamine synthetase (GLUL) and FOS were revealed as the top two hub genes in terms of connectivity with metabolites. GLUL, which catalyses the ATP-dependent conversion of glutamate and ammonia to glutamine, is related to 9 metabolites and was significantly upregulated and hypomethylated in exonic regions and the 3′UTRs. In-line with this, metabolic profiling showed decreased ATP and increased glutamate in POI patients. FOS was related to 8 metabolites and significantly upregulated and hypomethylated in exonic and 3′UTR regions (Figure 3A). It was also recently reported as a hub gene in the gene regulatory network of antioxidant in aged monkeys and human ovaries.8 In addition, we searched the human metabolome database for the associated enzymes/proteins of the 39 DMets. Changes in the expression and methylation status of these genes were displayed using Cytoscape software (Table S7; Figure S4). Joint-pathway analysis of DEMGs and DMets showed pathways those were impacted (Figure 3B). All the previous analyses were summarized as a metabolic network composed of DMets and enzymes of DEMGs that may contribute to the aetiology of POI (Figure 3C). Genes for NMNAT, PAR3 and NAMPT, enzymes involved in the synthesis or consumption of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), which were reported associated with POI or ovarian ageing,9, 10 were upregulated or downregulated DEGs. In summary, the integrated analyses of transcriptomic and methylomic data from granulosa cells of the human ovary and the metabolomic data from human sera have identified increased levels of acetoacetate and arachidonate and disturbances in the TCA (tricarboxylic acid) cycle, fatty acids, ketone bodies and antioxidative processes, all of which contribute to decreased levels of NADH and ATP, increased oxidative stress and eventually ovarian premature senescence. Our data not only yielded valuable fundamental insights into its pathological mechanism but also would aid in the development of new therapeutic targets for POI. The causal effect relationship between gene expression and metabolic changes warrants further investigation in the future. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81971349 and 81300456 to Cuiling Lu) and National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFE0201100 to Chunsheng Han and 2016YFC1000302 to Xiumei Zhen). The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical and Translational Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"e1006","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ctm2.1006","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/ctm2.1006"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36314102"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/impact-of-genderaffirming-treatment-on-bone-health-in-transgender-and-gender-div-pwosjopd/","name":"Impact of gender-affirming treatment on bone health in transgender and gender diverse youth","headline":"Impact of gender-affirming treatment on bone health in transgender and gender diverse youth","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/impact-of-genderaffirming-treatment-on-bone-health-in-transgender-and-gender-div-pwosjopd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ciancia S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dubois V"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cools M"}],"datePublished":"2022-11-01","abstract":"Both in the United States and Europe, the number of minors who present at transgender healthcare services before the onset of puberty is rapidly expanding. Many of those who will have persistent gender dysphoria at the onset of puberty will pursue long-term puberty suppression before reaching the appropriate age to start using gender-affirming hormones. Exposure to pubertal sex steroids is thus significantly deferred in these individuals. Puberty is a critical period for bone development: increasing concentrations of estrogens and androgens (directly or after aromatization to estrogens) promote progressive bone growth and mineralization and induce sexually dimorphic skeletal changes. As a consequence, safety concerns regarding bone development and increased future fracture risk in transgender youth have been raised. We here review published data on bone development in transgender adolescents, focusing in particular on differences in age and pubertal stage at the start of puberty suppression, chosen strategy to block puberty progression, duration of puberty suppression, and the timing of re-evaluation after estradiol or testosterone administration. Results consistently indicate a negative impact of long-term puberty suppression on bone mineral density, especially at the lumbar spine, which is only partially restored after sex steroid administration. Trans girls are more vulnerable than trans boys for compromised bone health. Behavioral health measures that can promote bone mineralization, such as weight-bearing exercise and calcium and vitamin D supplementation, are strongly recommended in transgender youth, during the phase of puberty suppression and thereafter.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Endocrine connections"}}},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0280","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q137222471"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1530/EC-22-0280"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36048500"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q137222471"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-maternal-preeclampsia-with-offspring-risks-of-ischemic-heart-dise-xftx6xp5/","name":"Association of Maternal Preeclampsia With Offspring Risks of Ischemic Heart Disease and Stroke in Nordic Countries","headline":"Association of Maternal Preeclampsia With Offspring Risks of Ischemic Heart Disease and Stroke in Nordic Countries","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-maternal-preeclampsia-with-offspring-risks-of-ischemic-heart-dise-xftx6xp5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Fan Yang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6450-5444","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Anhui Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xb04968"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Janszky I"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gissler M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roos N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wikström AK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yong Yu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7361-9371","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hubei University of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dr2b756"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hou-yang Chen"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bonamy AE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jingyi Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4874-2874","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wuhan Union Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0371fqr87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"László KD"}],"datePublished":"2022-11-01","abstract":"IMPORTANCE: An association between maternal preeclampsia and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in the offspring is plausible, but evidence in this area is limited.\n\nOBJECTIVE: To investigate (1) the association between maternal preeclampsia and risks of ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke in the offspring, (2) whether the association varies by severity or timing of onset of preeclampsia, and (3) the role of preterm birth and small for gestational age (SGA) birth, both of which are related to preeclampsia and cardiovascular diseases, in this association.\n\nDESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This multinational population-based cohort study obtained data from Danish, Finnish, and Swedish national registries. Live singleton births from Denmark (1973-2016), Finland (1987-2014), and Sweden (1973-2014) were followed up until December 31, 2016, in Denmark and December 31, 2014, in Finland and Sweden. Data analyses were performed between September 2020 and September 2022.\n\nEXPOSURES: Preeclampsia and its subtypes, including early onset (<34 gestational weeks) and late onset (≥34 gestational weeks), severe and mild or moderate, and with and without SGA birth.\n\nMAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Diagnoses of IHD and stroke were extracted from patient and cause-of-death registers. Cox proportional hazards regression models and flexible parametric survival models were used to analyze the associations. Sibling analyses were conducted to control for unmeasured familial factors.\n\nRESULTS: The cohort included of 8 475 819 births (2 668 697 [31.5%] from Denmark, 1 636 116 [19.3%] from Finland, and 4 171 006 [49.2%] from Sweden, comprising 4 350 546 boys [51.3%]). Of these offspring, 188 670 (2.2%) were exposed to maternal preeclampsia, 7446 (0.1%) were diagnosed with IHD, and 10 918 (0.1%) were diagnosed with stroke during the median (IQR) follow-up of 19.3 (9.0-28.1) years. Offspring of individuals with preeclampsia had increased risks of IHD (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.33; 95% CI, 1.12-1.58) and stroke (adjusted HR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.17-1.52). These associations were largely independent of preterm or SGA birth. Severe forms of preeclampsia were associated with a higher stroke risk than less severe forms (severe vs mild or moderate: adjusted HR, 1.81 [95% CI, 1.41-2.32] vs 1.22 [95% CI, 1.05-1.42]; early vs late onset: adjusted HR, 2.55 [95% CI, 1.97-3.28] vs 1.18 [95% CI, 1.01-1.39]; with vs without SGA birth: adjusted HR, 1.84 [95% CI, 1.44-2.34] vs 1.25 [95% CI, 1.07-1.48]). Sibling analyses suggested that the associations were partially explained by unmeasured familial factors.\n\nCONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Results of this study suggest that offspring born to individuals with preeclampsia had increased IHD and stroke risk that were not fully explained by preterm or SGA birth, and that the associated risks for stroke were higher for severe forms of preeclampsia.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA network open"}}},"pageStart":"e2242064","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.42064","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.42064"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36378310"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/time-to-resumption-of-menses-spatial-distribution-and-predictors-among-post-part-recwibfgvd3gqlfn3/","name":"Time to Resumption of Menses, Spatial Distribution, and Predictors Among  Post-partum Period Women in Ethiopia, Evidence From Ethiopian Demographic and  Health Survey 2016 Data: Gompertz Inverse Gaussian Shared Frailty Model","headline":"Time to Resumption of Menses, Spatial Distribution, and Predictors Among  Post-partum Period Women in Ethiopia, Evidence From Ethiopian Demographic and  Health Survey 2016 Data: Gompertz Inverse Gaussian Shared Frailty Model","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/time-to-resumption-of-menses-spatial-distribution-and-predictors-among-post-part-recwibfgvd3gqlfn3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Daniel Gashaneh Belay","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5724-6234","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Gondar","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0595gz585"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Melaku Hunie Asratie","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2281-7519","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Gondar","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0595gz585"}}],"datePublished":"2022-10-29","abstract":"Background: The timing of the resumption of post-partum menses is important for a woman who intends to avoid subsequent unintended pregnancy, and it has key implications on maternal, neonatal, and child health outcomes. Despite this, information is scant about the time to resumption of post-partum menses and predictors in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the time it takes to start menses and spatial distribution among post-partum period women in Ethiopia and identify its predictors.\n\nMethods: A secondary data analysis was conducted based on 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS). A total weighted sample of 6,489 post-partum women was included in the analysis. STATA 14 was used to weigh, clean, and analyze the data. The shared frailty model was applied since the EDHS data have a hierarchical nature. For checking the proportional hazard assumption, the Schenefold residual test, Log-Log plot, Kaplan-Meier, and predicted survival plot were applied. Akakie Information Criteria (AIC), Cox-Snell residual test, and deviance were used for checking model adequacy and for model comparison. Based on these, the Gompertz inverse Gaussian shared frailty model was the best-fitted model for this data. Variables with a p < 0.2 were considered for the multivariable Gompertz inverse Gaussian shared frailty model. Finally, the adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI), and a p < 0.05 was reported to identify the significant predictors of time to the resumption of post-partum menses.\n\nResults: The median survival time to post-partum menses resumption was 14.6 months. In this study, 51.90% [95% CI: 50.03, 53.76] of post-partum period women had resumed, and the risk of menses resumption was 1.17 times [AHR: 1.17; 95% CI: 1.03-1.33] higher among urban resident, 1.14 times [AHR: 1.14; 95% CI: 1.0-1.24] in women who had attended formal education, and 1.63 times [AHR: 1.63; 95% CI: 1.4-1.7] higher among women who used hormonal contraceptives. However, the risk of post-partum menses resumption was lower among 7-24 months breastfeeding women by 36% [AHR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.5-0.76], women with child alive by 26% [AHR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.6-0.85], and multiparous women by 27% [AHR: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.6-0.80].\n\nConclusion: Almost half of the participants had resumed post-partum menses, with the median survival timing of menses resumption at 14.5 months. Women residing in urban areas, who attended formal education, and using hormonal contraceptives have a shorter time to resume post-partum menses, whereas a woman with an alive child, breastfeeding practice, and multiple parity has a longer time to resume post-partum menses. Therefore, the healthcare providers and program managers should act on the resumption of post-partum menses through health education and promotion to cultivate the 14 months lag period identified by considering the significant factors.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Reproductive Health"}},"pageStart":"862693","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3389/frph.2022.862693","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q114582852"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/frph.2022.862693"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36303667"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q114582852"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metabolic-disorders-in-menopause-reclvwtwpfsnrkulr/","name":"Metabolic Disorders in Menopause","headline":"Metabolic Disorders in Menopause","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metabolic-disorders-in-menopause-reclvwtwpfsnrkulr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Gwang Hun Jeong"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hyuntae Park","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8461-7133","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Korea University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hye Gyeong Jeong","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8608-748X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Seoul National University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542"}}],"datePublished":"2022-10-28","abstract":"Menopause is an aging process and an important time equivalent to one-third of a woman's lifetime. Menopause significantly increases the risk of cardiometabolic diseases, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, non-alcoholic liver disease (NAFLD)/metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MFFLD), and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Women experience a variety of symptoms in the perimenopausal period, and these symptoms are distressing for most women. Many factors worsen a woman's menopausal experience, and controlling these factors may be a strategy to improve postmenopausal women's health. This review aimed to confirm the association between menopause and metabolic diseases (especially MetS), including pathophysiology, definition, prevalence, diagnosis, management, and prevention.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Metabolites"}}},"pageStart":"954","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo12100954","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/metabo12100954"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36295856"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-menopause-on-antipsychotic-response-recczqfpfrajifpaz/","name":"The Effect of Menopause on Antipsychotic Response","headline":"The Effect of Menopause on Antipsychotic Response","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-menopause-on-antipsychotic-response-recczqfpfrajifpaz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandre González-Rodríguez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4326-5036","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental","sameAs":"https://ror.org/009byq155"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"José A Monreal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0906-927X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052g8jq94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary V Seeman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6797-3382","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}}],"datePublished":"2022-10-28","abstract":"Background: It has been hypothesized that, whenever estrogen levels decline, psychosis symptoms in women increase. At menopause, this can happen in two main ways: (a) the loss of estrogen (mainly estradiol) can directly affect central neurotransmission, leading to increase in schizophrenia-related symptoms, and (b) the loss of estrogen can decrease the synthesis of enzymes that metabolize antipsychotic drugs, thus weakening their efficacy. Aims and\n\nMethods: The aim of this narrative review was to investigate the second possibility by searching PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov for studies over the last two decades that investigated the metabolism of antipsychotics and their efficacy before and after menopause in women or that studied systemic and local estrogen level effects on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of individual antipsychotic drugs.\n\nResults: The evidence suggests that symptom level in women with schizophrenia rises after menopause for many reasons beyond hormones but, importantly, there is an estrogen-dependent loss of efficacy related to antipsychotic treatment.\n\nConclusion: Effective clinical intervention is challenging; nevertheless, several promising routes forward are suggested.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Brain Sciences"}}},"pageStart":"1342","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12101342","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q114580842"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/brainsci12101342"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36291276"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q114580842"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/it-always-gets-pushed-aside-qualitative-perspectives-on-puberty-and-menstruation-cxznbdlk/","name":"\"It always gets pushed aside:\" Qualitative perspectives on puberty and menstruation education in U.S.A. schools","headline":"\"It always gets pushed aside:\" Qualitative perspectives on puberty and menstruation education in U.S.A. schools","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/it-always-gets-pushed-aside-qualitative-perspectives-on-puberty-and-menstruation-cxznbdlk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Schmitt ML"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gruer C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hagstrom C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ekua Adenu-Mensah N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nowara A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Keeley K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sommer M"}],"datePublished":"2022-10-21","abstract":"Adolescent girls in the U.S.A. often lack sufficient education on pubertal and menstrual health topics. This educational gap may be growing given the current decline in American elementary and middle schools' delivery of sexual health education. Furthermore, little is known about the actual scope and quality of existing menstruation and puberty education in U.S.A. schools. This paper provides insights into some of the challenges with the delivery of menstruation and puberty education in schools. Qualitative and participatory research methodologies were utilized with Black and Latina girls ages 15–19 and adults working with youth in three U.S.A. cities (Chicago, Los Angeles, and New York City), exploring experiences of menstruation within school and family contexts. Findings revealed tension between school responsibility and family authority in providing menstruation and puberty education in schools, school- and teacher-related delivery challenges, and inadequate and disengaging menstruation and puberty content. Further research is needed on the effectiveness and best practices for providing this education in schools, including improved understanding on student and parent preferences, delivery mediums and the scope of content.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Reproductive Health"}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frph.2022.1018217","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/frph.2022.1018217"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-the-use-of-prediagnosis-hormones-on-breast-cancer-prognosis-mcc-spain--receaxxw6wjkryiig/","name":"Effect of the use of prediagnosis hormones on breast cancer prognosis: MCC-Spain  study","headline":"Effect of the use of prediagnosis hormones on breast cancer prognosis: MCC-Spain  study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-the-use-of-prediagnosis-hormones-on-breast-cancer-prognosis-mcc-spain--receaxxw6wjkryiig/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Alonso-Molero J, Gómez-Acebo I, Llorca J, Lope-Carvajal V, Amiano P, Guevara M, Martín V, Castaño-Vinyals G, Fernández-Ortiz M, Obón-Santacana M, Alguacil J, Fernandez-Tardon G, Molina-Barceló A, Marcos-Gragera R, Pérez-Gómez B, Aizpurua A, Ardanaz E, Molina AJ, Rodríguez-Cundín P, Moreno V, Rodríguez-Reinado C, Aragonés N, Kogevinas M, Pollán M, Dierssen-Sotos T"}],"datePublished":"2022-10-19","abstract":"Objective: To extend knowledge about the long-term use of hormones in hormone therapy or oral contraception as prognostic factors in breast cancer.\n\nMethods: The MCC-Spain project is a cohort of 1,685 women with incident breast cancer recruited in Spain. Recruitment was carried out between 2007 and 2010, and the follow-up finished in December 2017. The impact of hormone therapy or oral contraception on breast cancer prognosis was analyzed considering year of birth and menopausal status (1,095 women [65%] were postmenopausal). Hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated using Cox regression models. Death by any cause was considered as the event, and hormone therapy or oral contraception were analyzed as regressors.\n\nResults: Oral contraception use for less than 5 years shows an HR of 1.10 (95% CI, 0.75 to 1.62), whereas use for 5 or more years shows an HR of 1.46 (95% CI, 0.95 to 2.25), with a P trend of 0.01, showing a dose-dependent response. Regarding hormone therapy and restricting the analysis to postmenopausal women born between1940 and 1959, where most hormone therapy (consumption) is concentrated, the results did not show any trend.\n\nConclusion: Concerning oral contraception use, our results demonstrate that their use is related to poor prognosis in breast cancer. However, research in this field is limited and controversial, indicating the need for more research in this area. Regarding hormone therapy consumption, our results indicate no association with better prognosis, which contradicts what has previously been published.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"29","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Menopause (New York, N.Y.)"}}},"pageStart":"1315","pageEnd":"1322","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1097/GME.0000000000002069","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/GME.0000000000002069"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36256924"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-impact-of-it-based-healthcare-communication-on-mammography-screening-utiliza-recquwzp1bmdza2yw/","name":"The Impact of IT-Based Healthcare Communication on Mammography Screening  Utilization among Women in the United States: National Health Interview Survey  (2011-2018)","headline":"The Impact of IT-Based Healthcare Communication on Mammography Screening  Utilization among Women in the United States: National Health Interview Survey  (2011-2018)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-impact-of-it-based-healthcare-communication-on-mammography-screening-utiliza-recquwzp1bmdza2yw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Nan Hu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1957-4332","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Huntsman Cancer Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03v7tx966"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Noof Alabdullatif","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1980-9649","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Health Policy and Management, FIU Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Miami, FL 33199, USA"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alejandro Arrieta","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7628-8894","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Health Policy and Management, FIU Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Miami, FL 33199, USA"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lucie Dlugasch","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dr. Herbert & Nicole Wertheim Family Foundation","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036nywx06"}}],"datePublished":"2022-10-15","abstract":"Effective patient-provider communication improves mammography utilization. Using information technology (IT) promotes health outcomes. However, there are disparities in access to IT that could contribute to disparities in mammography utilization. This study aims to assess the association between IT-based health care communication and mammography utilization and to evaluate if this effect is modified by race/ethnicity and age. To this end, this study was conducted using the National Health Interview Survey from 2011 to 2018. A total of 94,290 women aged 40 years and older were included. Multiple logistic regression models were used, and odds ratios were reported. The study found that all IT-based healthcare communication strategies were significantly associated with mammography utilization in all years from 2011 to 2018. In 2018, women who looked up health information on the internet, scheduled a medical appointment on the internet, and communicated with providers by email had a significantly higher chance to use mammography (p ≤ 0.005 for all strategies across all years). White women and women aged 50 years and older benefited the most from IT-based healthcare communication. In conclusion, facilitating access to IT may help increase mammography utilization, which may contribute to eliminating disparities in breast cancer mortality.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"}}},"pageStart":"12737","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912737","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/ijerph191912737"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36232036"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/characteristics-of-menstrual-cycles-with-or-without-intercourse-in-women-with-no-rec8wjeqda5fwetas/","name":"Characteristics of menstrual cycles with or without intercourse in women with no known subfertility","headline":"Characteristics of menstrual cycles with or without intercourse in women with no known subfertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/characteristics-of-menstrual-cycles-with-or-without-intercourse-in-women-with-no-rec8wjeqda5fwetas/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M J Egger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8886-7837","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Utah Department of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/034de1n65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shahpar Najmabadi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4763-4310","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christina A Porucznik","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1973-2917","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S E Simonsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-7671","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2022-10-04","abstract":"STUDY QUESTION: Does sexual intercourse enhance the cycle fecundability in women without known subfertility?\n\nSUMMARY ANSWER: Sexual intercourse (regardless of timing during the cycle) was associated with cycle characteristics suggesting higher fecundability, including longer luteal phase, less premenstrual spotting and more than 2 days of cervical fluid with estrogen-stimulated qualities.\n\nWHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Human females are spontaneous ovulators, experiencing an LH surge and ovulation cyclically, independent of copulation. Natural conception requires intercourse to occur during the fertile window of a woman's menstrual cycle, i.e. the 6-day interval ending on the day of ovulation. However, most women with normal fecundity do not ovulate on Day 14, thus the timing of the hypothetical fertile window varies within and between women. This variability is influenced by age and parity and other known or unknown elements. While the impact of sexual intercourse around the time of implantation on the probability of achieving a pregnancy has been discussed by some researchers, there are limited data regarding how sexual intercourse may influence ovulation occurrence and menstrual cycle characteristics in humans.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN SIZE DURATION: This study is a pooled analysis of three cohorts of women, enrolled at Creighton Model FertilityCare centers in the USA and Canada: 'Creighton Model MultiCenter Fecundability Study' (CMFS: retrospective cohort, 1990-1996), 'Time to Pregnancy in Normal Fertility' (TTP: randomized trial, 2003-2006) and 'Creighton Model Effectiveness, Intentions, and Behaviors Assessment' (CEIBA: prospective cohort, 2009-2013). We evaluated cycle phase lengths, bleeding and cervical mucus patterns and estimated the fertile window in 2564 cycles of 530 women, followed for up to 1 year.\n\nPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS SETTING\n\nMETHODS: Participants were US or Canadian women aged 18-40 and not pregnant, who were heterosexually active, without known subfertility and not taking exogenous hormones. Most of the women were intending to avoid pregnancy at the start of follow-up. Women recorded daily vaginal bleeding, mucus discharge and sexual intercourse using a standardized protocol and recording system for up to 1 year, yielding 2564 cycles available for analysis. The peak day of mucus discharge (generally the last day of cervical fluid with estrogen-stimulated qualities of being clear, stretchy or slippery) was used to identify the estimated day of ovulation, which we considered the last day of the follicular phase in ovulatory cycles. We used linear mixed models to assess continuous cycle parameters including cycle, menses and cycle phase lengths, and generalized linear models using Poisson regression with robust variance to assess dichotomous outcomes such as ovulatory function, short luteal phases and presence or absence of follicular or luteal bleeding. Cycles were stratified by the presence or absence of any sexual intercourse, while adjusting for women's parity, age, recent oral contraceptive use and breast feeding.\n\nMAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: Most women were <30 years of age (75.5%; median 27, interquartile range 24-29), non-Hispanic white (88.1%), with high socioeconomic indicators and nulliparous (70.9%). Cycles with no sexual intercourse compared to cycles with at least 1 day of sexual intercourse were shorter (29.1 days (95% CI 27.6, 30.7) versus 30.1 days (95% CI 28.7, 31.4)), had shorter luteal phases (10.8 days (95% CI 10.2, 11.5) versus 11.4 days (95% CI 10.9, 12.0)), had a higher probability of luteal phase deficiency (<10 days; adjusted probability ratio (PR) 1.31 (95% CI 1.00, 1.71)), had a higher probability of 2 days of premenstrual spotting (adjusted PR 2.15 (95% CI 1.09, 4.24)) and a higher probability of having two or fewer days of peak-type (estrogenic) cervical fluid (adjusted PR 1.49 (95% CI 1.03, 2.15)).\n\nLIMITATIONS REASONS FOR CAUTION: Our study participants were geographically dispersed but relatively homogeneous in regard to race, ethnicity, income and educational levels, and all had male partners, which may limit the generalizability of the findings. We cannot exclude the possibility of undetected subfertility or related gynecologic disorders among some of the women, such as undetected endometriosis or polycystic ovary syndrome, which would impact the generalizability of our findings. Acute illness or stressful events might have reduced the likelihood of any intercourse during a cycle, while also altering cycle characteristics. Some cycles in the no intercourse group may have actually had undocumented intercourse or other sexual activity, but this would bias our results toward the null. The Creighton Model FertilityCare System (CrM) discourages use of barrier methods, so we believe that most instances of intercourse involved exposure to semen; however, condoms may have been used in some cycles. Our dataset lacks any information about the occurrence of female orgasm, precluding our ability to evaluate the independent or combined impact of female orgasm on cycle characteristics.\n\nWIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: Sexual activity may change reproductive hormonal patterns, and/or levels of reproductive hormones may influence the likelihood of sexual activity. Future work may help with understanding the extent to which exposure to seminal fluid, and/or female orgasm and/or timing of intercourse could impact menstrual cycle function. In theory, large data sets from women using menstrual and fertility tracking apps could be informative if women can be appropriately incentivized to record intercourse completely. It is also of interest to understand how cycle characteristics may differ in women with gynecological problems or subfertility.\n\nSTUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS: Funding for the research on the three cohorts analyzed in this study was provided by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation #029258 (Creighton Model MultiCenter Fecundability Study), the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development 1K23 HD0147901-01A1 (Time to Pregnancy in Normal Fertility) and the Office of Family Planning, Office of Population Affairs, Health and Human Services 1FPRPA006035 (Creighton Model Effectiveness, Intentions, and Behaviors Assessment). The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.\n\nTRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: N/A.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2022","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction Open"}}},"pageStart":"hoac039","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hropen/hoac039","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/hropen/hoac039"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36186844"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fluoroscopicallyguided-hysteroscopic-tubal-cannulation-a-procedure-for-proximal--451sejbm/","name":"Fluoroscopically-Guided Hysteroscopic Tubal Cannulation: A Procedure for Proximal Tubal Obstruction","headline":"Fluoroscopically-Guided Hysteroscopic Tubal Cannulation: A Procedure for Proximal Tubal Obstruction","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fluoroscopicallyguided-hysteroscopic-tubal-cannulation-a-procedure-for-proximal--451sejbm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Keltz M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brown EC","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1568-4268"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Frishman GN","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0939-2314"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sauerbrun-Cutler MT"}],"datePublished":"2022-10-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the cannulation success rate, cumulative pregnancy, and time to intrauterine pregnancy rate following fluoroscopically-guided hysteroscopic tubal cannulation (FHTC) for infertile subjects with proximal tubal obstruction.\n\nMETHODS: This retrospective study evaluated subjects with unilateral or bilateral proximal tubal obstruction on hysterosalpingography, who failed concomitant selective salpingography and subsequently underwent FHTC at the time of a hysteroscopy performed for findings seen on sonohysterography. FHTC employed a Novy Catheter (CooperSurgical, Inc, Trumbull, CT.) with or without the 3 French inner catheter and guidewire, to cannulate the occluded fallopian tube(s), followed by the injection of HypaqueTM (Amersham Health, Inc, Princeton, NJ.) contrast under C-arm imaging. Technical success rates, complications, post-procedure pregnancies, and average time from surgery to pregnancy were evaluated.\n\nRESULTS: Thirty-two women between January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2019 met the entry criteria and underwent FHTC. Of those women with bilateral obstruction, 6/6 (100%) of subjects achieved at least unilateral patency, while patency was achieved in 23/26 (88.5%) subjects with unilateral obstruction. Twenty-nine of 32 (90.6%) subjects had at least one tube successfully cannulated with 34/38 (89.5%) of proximally obstructed tubes opened. Asymptomatic tubal perforation occurred in 1/38 tubes (2.6%). Ten subjects (34.5%) achieved intrauterine pregnancies without in vitro fertilization in an average of 64.9 days from the procedure. There were no multiple pregnancies and one ectopic pregnancy.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: FHTC is a safe, effective, incision free procedure that results in 90% of tubes successfully cannulated, and an observed short time to intrauterine pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JSLS : Journal of the Society of Laparoendoscopic Surgeons"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.4293/JSLS.2022.00047","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4293/JSLS.2022.00047"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36532091"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-bayesian-network-for-complex-pain-related-features-of-endometriosis-recdcmtiadrnjowhp/","name":"A Bayesian network for complex pain-related features of endometriosis","headline":"A Bayesian network for complex pain-related features of endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-bayesian-network-for-complex-pain-related-features-of-endometriosis-recdcmtiadrnjowhp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mark Yandell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9497-4505","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Eilbeck","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0831-6427","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A C Kiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3025-3853","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2022-10-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"118","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"e222","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2022.08.629","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2022.08.629"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonebased-models-for-comparing-menstrual-cycle-and-hormonal-contraceptive-eff-81srvrig/","name":"Hormone-based models for comparing menstrual cycle and hormonal contraceptive effects on human resting-state functional connectivity","headline":"Hormone-based models for comparing menstrual cycle and hormonal contraceptive effects on human resting-state functional connectivity","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonebased-models-for-comparing-menstrual-cycle-and-hormonal-contraceptive-eff-81srvrig/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Casto KV"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jordan T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"N. Petersen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Endometriosis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01q5m4507"}}],"datePublished":"2022-10-01","abstract":"Oral contraceptives (OCs) are widely used yet understudied given their potential for public health consequences. Emerging investigations scaling from single-subject, dense-sampling neuroimaging studies to population-level metrics have linked OCs to altered brain structure and function. Modeling the hypogonadal, hypergonadal, or mixed state effects of OCs in terms of their impact on hormone action in the brain is a valuable approach to synthesizing results across neuroimaging studies and comparing OC effects to companion findings from research on menstrual cycle phase effects on brain anatomy and function. Resting-state functional connectivity studies provide a powerful tool to evaluate the role of OCs on the intrinsic network connectivity that underlies multiple behavioral domains. The preponderance (but not consensus) of the current literature indicates that (1) as the menstrual cycle proceeds from a low to high progesterone state, prefrontal connectivity increases and parietal connectivity decreases; (2) OCs tend to mimic this connectivity pattern; therefore (3) OCs may produce a hyperprogestogenic state in the brain, in spite of overall reductions in endogenous steroid hormone levels. Alternative models are also considered.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"67","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in neuroendocrinology"}},"pageStart":"101036","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yfrne.2022.101036","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.yfrne.2022.101036"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36126748"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/occurrence-and-health-implications-of-heavy-metals-in-preschool-childrens-clothi-tzvqbcmb/","name":"Occurrence and health implications of heavy metals in preschool children’s clothing manufactured in four Asian regions","headline":"Occurrence and health implications of heavy metals in preschool children’s clothing manufactured in four Asian regions","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/occurrence-and-health-implications-of-heavy-metals-in-preschool-childrens-clothi-tzvqbcmb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hou-yang Chen"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chai M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cheng J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yuanyuan Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7687-7816","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"City of Hope","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01z1vct10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tang Z"}],"datePublished":"2022-10-01","abstract":"Clothing may be a potential contributor to body metal burden in children. However, available information on heavy metals in children's clothing is extremely limited and the associated health risks remain poorly understood. This study investigated the concentrations of Pb, Cd, Co, Zn, Cr, As, Cu and Ni in new preschool children's clothing manufactured in four Asian regions. The children's clothing had higher levels of Ni and Cr but lower levels of Pb and Cd in comparison to the concentrations reported in other textile products. The concentrations of Cd were higher in the black clothing than those in the white and color samples. The non-cotton samples contained higher Co concentrations. The Pb concentrations in the samples manufactured in China were significantly higher than those in the other three regions. We estimated the dermal exposure doses for these metals and calculated the associated risks. The results indicated that the health risks from exposure to these metals in the children's clothing were acceptable. However, more research is required to investigate heavy metals and the associated risks in child clothing due to the increasing complexity of their materials and manufacturing processes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"245","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety"}},"pageStart":"114121","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114121","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114121"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/laparoscopically-confirmed-endometriosis-and-risk-of-incident-stroke-a-prospecti-afpej1kv/","name":"Laparoscopically Confirmed Endometriosis and Risk of Incident Stroke: A Prospective Cohort Study","headline":"Laparoscopically Confirmed Endometriosis and Risk of Incident Stroke: A Prospective Cohort Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/laparoscopically-confirmed-endometriosis-and-risk-of-incident-stroke-a-prospecti-afpej1kv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Leslie V Farland","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7455-8531","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine -...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Degnan WJ 3rd"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michelle L. Bell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3965-1359"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kasner SE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Liberman AL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shah DK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathryn M Rexrode","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3387-8429","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stacey A Missmer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1768-7705","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Michigan State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993"}}],"datePublished":"2022-10-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Prior research suggests that women with endometriosis are at greater risk of coronary heart disease. Therefore, our objective was to prospectively investigate the association between laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis and risk of incident stroke during 28 years of follow-up.\n\nMETHODS: Participants in the NHSII cohort study (Nurses' Health Study II) were followed from 1989 when they were between the ages of 25 to 42 until 2017 for development of incident stroke (ischemic and hemorrhagic). Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate hazard ratios and 95% CI, with adjustment for potential confounding variables (alcohol intake, body mass index at age 18, current body mass index, age at menarche, menstrual cycle pattern in adolescence, current menstrual cycle pattern, parity, oral contraceptive use history, smoking history, diet quality, physical activity, NSAID use, aspirin use, race/ethnicity, and income). We estimated the proportion of the total association mediated by history of hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, hysterectomy/oophorectomy, and hormone therapy. We also tested for effect modification by age (<50, ≥50 years), infertility history, body mass index (<25, ≥25 kg/m2), and menopausal status.\n\nRESULTS: We documented 893 incident cases of stroke during 2 770 152 person-years of follow-up. Women with laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis had a 34% greater risk of stroke in multivariable-adjusted models (hazard ratio, 1.34 [95% CI, 1.10-1.62]), compared to those without a history of endometriosis. Of the total association of endometriosis with risk of stroke, the largest proportion was attributed to hysterectomy/oophorectomy (39% mediated [95% CI, 14%-71%]) and hormone therapy (16% mediated [95% CI, 5%-40%]). We observed no differences in the relationship between endometriosis and stroke by age, infertility history, body mass index, or menopausal status.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: We observed that women with endometriosis were at elevated risk of stroke. Women and their health care providers should be aware of endometriosis history, maximize primary cardiovascular prevention, and discuss signs and symptoms of cardiovascular disease.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"53","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Stroke"}}},"pageStart":"3116","pageEnd":"3122","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.122.039250","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1161/STROKEAHA.122.039250"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35861076"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-sex-menstrual-cycle-phase-and-oral-contraceptive-use-on-intestinal-blp7vfv1/","name":"The effect of sex, menstrual cycle phase and oral contraceptive use on intestinal permeability and ex-vivo monocyte TNFα release following treatment with lipopolysaccharide and hyperthermia","headline":"The effect of sex, menstrual cycle phase and oral contraceptive use on intestinal permeability and ex-vivo monocyte TNFα release following treatment with lipopolysaccharide and hyperthermia","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-sex-menstrual-cycle-phase-and-oral-contraceptive-use-on-intestinal-blp7vfv1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Flood TR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kuennen MR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Blacker SD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Myers SD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Walker EF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lee BJ"}],"datePublished":"2022-10-01","abstract":"PURPOSE: Investigate the impact of sex, menstrual cycle phase and oral contraceptive use on intestinal permeability and ex-vivo tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) release following treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and hyperthermia.\n\nMETHODS: Twenty-seven participants (9 men, 9 eumenorrheic women (MC) and 9 women taking an oral contraceptive pill (OC)) completed three trials. Men were tested on 3 occasions over 6 weeks; MC during early-follicular, ovulation, and mid-luteal phases; OC during the pill and pill-free phase. Intestinal permeability was assessed following a 4-hour dual sugar absorption test (lactulose: rhamnose). Venous blood was collected each trial and stimulated with 100 μg·mL-1 LPS before incubation at 37 °C and 40 °C and analysed for TNFα via ELISA.\n\nRESULTS: L:R ratio was higher in OC than MC (+0.003, p = 0.061) and men (+0.005, p = 0.007). Men had higher TNFα responses than both MC (+53 %, p = 0.004) and OC (+61 %, p = 0.003). TNFα release was greater at 40 °C than 37 °C (+23 %, p < 0.001).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Men present with lower resting intestinal barrier permeability relative to women regardless of OC use and displayed greater monocyte TNFα release following whole blood treatment with LPS and hyperthermia. Oral contraceptive users had highest intestinal permeability however, neither permeability or TNFα release were impacted by the pill cycle. Although no statistical effect was seen in the menstrual cycle, intestinal permeability and TNFα release were more variable across the phases.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"158","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cytokine"}},"pageStart":"155991","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cyto.2022.155991","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q114197133"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.cyto.2022.155991"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35944412"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q114197133"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-figo-ovulatory-disorders-classification-system-seiprszk/","name":"The FIGO Ovulatory Disorders Classification System","headline":"The FIGO Ovulatory Disorders Classification System","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-figo-ovulatory-disorders-classification-system-seiprszk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Malcolm G Munro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2998-6961","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaiser Permanente West Los Angeles Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/031caxb92"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Adam Balen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8323-8596","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00v4dac24"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"SiHyun Cho","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2718-6645","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yonsei University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hilary Critchley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1913-4044","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Edinburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Díaz I"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ferriani R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Henry L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Edgar Mocanu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3094-4892","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01hxy9878"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"van der Spuy ZM","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7548-7819"}],"datePublished":"2022-09-30","abstract":"Ovulatory disorders are common causes of amenorrhea, abnormal uterine bleeding and infertility and are frequent manifestations of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). There are many potential causes and contributors to ovulatory dysfunction that challenge clinicians, trainees, educators, and those who perform basic, translational, clinical and epidemiological research. Similarly, therapeutic approaches to ovulatory dysfunction potentially involve a spectrum of lifestyle, psychological, medical and procedural interventions. Collaborative research, effective education and consistent clinical care remain challenged by the absence of a consensus comprehensive system for classification of these disorders. The existing and complex system, attributed to the World Health Organization (WHO), was developed more than three decades ago and did not consider more than 30 years of research into these disorders in addition to technical advances in imaging and endocrinology. This article describes the development of a new classification of ovulatory disorders performed under the aegis of the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) and conducted using a rigorously applied Delphi process. The stakeholder organizations and individuals who participated in this process comprised specialty journals, experts at large, national, specialty obstetrical and gynecological societies, and informed lay representatives. After two face-to-face meetings and five Delphi rounds, the result is a three-level multi-tiered system. The system is applied after a preliminary assessment identifies the presence of an ovulatory disorder. The primary level of the system is based on an anatomic model (Hypothalamus, Pituitary, Ovary) that is completed with a separate category for PCOS. This core component of the system is easily remembered using the acronym HyPO-P. Each anatomic category is stratified in the second layer of the system to provide granularity for investigators, clinicians and trainees using the GAIN-FIT-PIE mnemonic (Genetic, Autoimmune, Iatrogenic, Neoplasm; Functional, Infectious and Inflammatory, Trauma and Vascular; Physiological, Idiopathic, Endocrine). The tertiary level allows for specific diagnostic entities. It is anticipated that, if widely adopted, this system will facilitate education, clinical care and the design and interpretation of research in a fashion that better informs progress in this field. Integral to the deployment of this system is a periodic process of reevaluation and appropriate revision, reflecting an improved understanding of this collection of disorders.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deac180","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/deac180"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35984284"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chronic-endometritis-in-infertile-women-impact-of-untreated-disease-plasma-cell--recnapfelxmnub1sq/","name":"Chronic Endometritis in Infertile Women: Impact of Untreated Disease, Plasma Cell  Count and Antibiotic Therapy on IVF Outcome-A Systematic Review and  Meta-Analysis","headline":"Chronic Endometritis in Infertile Women: Impact of Untreated Disease, Plasma Cell  Count and Antibiotic Therapy on IVF Outcome-A Systematic Review and  Meta-Analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chronic-endometritis-in-infertile-women-impact-of-untreated-disease-plasma-cell--recnapfelxmnub1sq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Dominique De Ziegler","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2513-8220","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mkjjy25"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rossana Cicinelli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4037-0009","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027ynra39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vito Chiantera","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6294-3720","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Unit of Gynecologic Oncology, ARNAS “Civico-Di Cristina-Benfratelli”, Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Paler...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/044k9ta02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Giovanni Buzzaccarini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9466-0178","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Padua","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00240q980"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ettore Cicinelli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2390-4582","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Human Oncologic Science, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027ynra39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonio Simone Laganà","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1543-2802","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Palermo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/044k9ta02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marco Marinaccio","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9732-2246","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027ynra39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carla Mariaflavia Santarsiero","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7193-2858","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027ynra39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amerigo Vitagliano","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2824-5435","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Padua","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00240q980"}}],"datePublished":"2022-09-24","abstract":"This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the impact of chronic endometritis (CE) and its therapy on in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcome. Additionally, we aim to investigate whether various degrees of CE severity may exert a different effect on IVF outcome. Ongoing-pregnancy rate/live-birth-rate (OPR/LBR), clinical-pregnancy rate (CPR), and miscarriage rate (MR) were calculated. A total number of 4145 patients (from ten studies) were included. Women with CE had lower OPR/LBR (OR 1.97, p = 0.02) and CPR (OR 2.28, p = 0.002) compared to those without CE. CE cure increased OPR/LBR (OR 5.33, p < 0.0001) and CPR (OR 3.64, p = 0.0001). IVF outcome was comparable between women with cured CE and those without CE (OPR/LBR, CPR and MR: p = ns). Women with severe CE had lower OPR/LBR (OR 0.43, p = 0.003) and CPR (OR 0.40, p = 0.0007) compared to those mild CE. Mild CE showed no influence on the IVF outcome as compared to women without CE (OPR/LBR, CPR and MR: p = ns). Based on this data analysis, CE significantly reduces OPR/LBR and CPR in women undergoing IVF. Importantly, CE resolution after antibiotic therapy may improves IVF outcome, leading to similar OPR/LBR and CPR as compared to unaffected patients. The negative effects of CE on IVF outcome may be restricted to severe disease, whereas mild CE may have no influence on IVF success.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)"}}},"pageStart":"2250","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12092250","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/diagnostics12092250"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36140651"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/incidence-and-survival-of-neuroendocrine-neoplasia-in-england-19952018-a-retrosp-ctncynib/","name":"Incidence and survival of neuroendocrine neoplasia in England 1995-2018: A retrospective, population-based study","headline":"Incidence and survival of neuroendocrine neoplasia in England 1995-2018: A retrospective, population-based study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/incidence-and-survival-of-neuroendocrine-neoplasia-in-england-19952018-a-retrosp-ctncynib/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"White BE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rous B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chandrakumaran K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wong K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bouvier C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Van Hemelrijck M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"George G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Srirajaskanthan R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ramage JK"}],"datePublished":"2022-09-23","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Neuroendocrine neoplasia (NEN) incidence is rising internationally.  We aimed to evaluate the epidemiology of NEN in England and examine changes in  survival over time. METHODS: A retrospective, population-based study using nationally representative  data between 1995 and 2018 from the National Cancer Registry and Analysis  Service (NCRAS) in England was conducted on 63,949 tumours. Age-standardized  incidence was calculated using Office for National Statistics (ONS) data.  Overall survival (OS) was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier estimator.  Multivariable analysis was performed using an accelerated failure time model. FINDINGS: Of 63,949 cases, 50.5% (32,309) were female. Age-adjusted incidence  increased 3.7-fold between 1995 and 2018 from 2.35 to 8.61 per 100,000. In 2018,  highest incidence occurred in lung (1.47 per 100,000), small intestine (1.46 per  100,000), pancreas (1.00 per 100,000) and appendix (0.95 per 100,000). In  multivariable analysis, age, sex, morphology, stage, site and deprivation were  independent predictors of survival (p < 0.001). Survival of the entire cohort,  and by primary site, is improving over time. INTERPRETATION: NEN incidence continues to rise in England with survival  improving over time. Relatively high survival compared to other cancers is an  issue for long-term outcomes and funding of care. FUNDING: Data were extracted and transferred using a grant from Neuroendocrine  cancer UK.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Lancet Reg Health Eur"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanepe.2022.100510","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.lanepe.2022.100510"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36176500"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/per-and-polyfluoroalkyl-substances-in-north-american-school-uniforms-tfsp6mb3/","name":"Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in North American School Uniforms","headline":"Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in North American School Uniforms","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/per-and-polyfluoroalkyl-substances-in-north-american-school-uniforms-tfsp6mb3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Xia C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Diamond ML"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peaslee GF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peng H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Blum A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhaoyi Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2390-1368","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangdong Province Women and Children Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0493m8x04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shalin A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Whitehead HD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Green M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Schwartz-Narbonne H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dongjian Yang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0588-9876","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Venier M"}],"datePublished":"2022-09-21","abstract":"We analyzed 72 children's textile products marketed as stain-resistant from US and Canadian stores, particularly school uniforms, to assess if clothing represents a significant route of exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Products were first screened for total fluorine (total F) using particle-induced γ-ray emission (PIGE) spectroscopy (n = 72), followed by targeted analysis of 49 neutral and ionic PFAS (n = 57). PFAS were detected in all products from both markets, with the most abundant compound being 6:2 fluorotelomer alcohol (6:2 FTOH). Total targeted PFAS concentrations for all products collected from both countries ranged from 0.250 to 153 000 ng/g with a median of 117 ng/g (0.0281-38 100 μg/m2, median: 24.0 μg/m2). Total targeted PFAS levels in school uniforms were significantly higher than in other items such as bibs, hats, stroller covers, and swimsuits, but comparable to outdoor wear. Higher total targeted PFAS concentrations were found in school uniforms made of 100% cotton than synthetic blends. Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) precursors were abundant in school uniforms based on the results of hydrolysis and total oxidizable precursor assay. The estimated median potential children's exposure to PFAS via dermal exposure through school uniforms was 1.03 ng/kg bw/day. Substance flow analysis estimated that ∼3 tonnes/year (ranging from 0.05 to 33 tonnes/year) of PFAS are used in US children's uniforms, mostly of polymeric PFAS but with ∼0.1 tonne/year of mobile, nonpolymeric PFAS.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"56","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environmental Science &amp; Technology"}}},"pageStart":"13845","pageEnd":"13857","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c02111","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q114170128"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1021/acs.est.2c02111"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q114170128"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/antiinflammatory-diets-in-fertility-an-evidence-review-yobqgjgl/","name":"Anti-Inflammatory Diets in Fertility: An Evidence Review","headline":"Anti-Inflammatory Diets in Fertility: An Evidence Review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/antiinflammatory-diets-in-fertility-an-evidence-review-yobqgjgl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Alesi S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9970-622X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Villani A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4891-1076"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mantzioris E","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1480-9869"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Takele WW","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3121-5808"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cowan S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6731-4221"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa Moran","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1472-4264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Monash Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02t1bej08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aya Mousa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9433-2991","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Monash University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286"}}],"datePublished":"2022-09-21","abstract":"Infertility is a global health concern affecting 48 million couples and 186 million individuals worldwide. Infertility creates a significant economic and social burden for couples who wish to conceive and has been associated with suboptimal lifestyle factors, including poor diet and physical inactivity. Modifying preconception nutrition to better adhere with Food-Based Dietary Guidelines (FBDGs) is a non-invasive and potentially effective means for improving fertility outcomes. While several dietary patterns have been associated with fertility outcomes, the mechanistic links between diet and infertility remain unclear. A key mechanism outlined in the literature relates to the adverse effects of inflammation on fertility, potentially contributing to irregular menstrual cyclicity, implantation failure, and other negative reproductive sequelae. Therefore, dietary interventions which act to reduce inflammation may improve fertility outcomes. This review consistently shows that adherence to anti-inflammatory diets such as the Mediterranean diet (specifically, increased intake of monounsaturated and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, flavonoids, and reduced intake of red and processed meat) improves fertility, assisted reproductive technology (ART) success, and sperm quality in men. Therefore, integration of anti-inflammatory dietary patterns as low-risk adjunctive fertility treatments may improve fertility partially or fully and reduce the need for prolonged or intensive pharmacological or surgical interventions.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nutrients"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14193914","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/nu14193914"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36235567"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-birth-ball-abdominal-core-training-on-pregnancy-fatigue-waist-pain-and-recdazo4mbxs97srn/","name":"\"Effect of birth ball abdominal core training on pregnancy fatigue, waist pain and delivery outcomes\"","headline":"\"Effect of birth ball abdominal core training on pregnancy fatigue, waist pain and delivery outcomes\"","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-birth-ball-abdominal-core-training-on-pregnancy-fatigue-waist-pain-and-recdazo4mbxs97srn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ruiting Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0126-0213","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042t7yh44"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wei Wei","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8210-2024","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059cjpv64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bingbing Wu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0250-104X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059cjpv64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ying Xiao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1591-9647","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042t7yh44"}}],"datePublished":"2022-09-01","abstract":"Objective: To evaluate the effect of birth ball abdominal core training on fatigue, waist pain, and delivery outcomes in middle and late pregnancy.\n\nMethods: A prospective study of 209 primipara in total with 24–27 weeks of gestation were recruited and divided into the training group (109 cases) and the control group (100 cases). The control group received routine prenatal exercise. On the basis of routine prenatal exercise, pregnant women in the training group were given birth ball exercises based on abdominal core training. The difference in pregnancy fatigue, waist discomfort, and delivery outcomes between the two groups were compared.\n\nResults: The waist pain and fatigue ratings of women were significantly lower and the vaginal delivery rate (74.3%) was significantly higher (62%) (P < 0.001) in the training group. There were no significant differences in the total stage of labor, postpartum hemorrhage, neonatal weight and 1‐min neonatal Apgar score between the two groups. The rate of episiotomy in the training group (14.7%) was significantly lower than that in the control group (25.0%) (P < 0.05).\n\nConclusion: Birth ball exercises can relieve fatigue and waist pain in middle and late 2021 pregnancy, reduce the rate of episiotomy, and promote spontaneous vaginal delivery.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"158","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics"}}},"pageStart":"613","pageEnd":"618","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijgo.14045","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/ijgo.14045"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cancer-in-children-born-after-frozenthawed-embryo-transfer-a-cohort-study-h9iyqiyp/","name":"Cancer in children born after frozen-thawed embryo transfer: A cohort study","headline":"Cancer in children born after frozen-thawed embryo transfer: A cohort study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cancer-in-children-born-after-frozenthawed-embryo-transfer-a-cohort-study-h9iyqiyp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sargisian N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lannering B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Petzold M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Opdahl S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gissler M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anja Pinborg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8340-104X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hvidovre Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00edrn755"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Henningsen AA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Tiitinen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3088-5594"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Romundstad LB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Spangmose AL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Bergh","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sahlgrenska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vgqjj36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"U B Wennerholm","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sahlgrenska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vgqjj36"}}],"datePublished":"2022-09-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: The aim was to investigate whether children born after assisted reproduction technology (ART), particularly after frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET), are at higher risk of childhood cancer than children born after fresh embryo transfer and spontaneous conception.\n\nMETHODS AND FINDINGS: We performed a registry-based cohort study using data from the 4 Nordic countries: Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden. The study included 7,944,248 children, out of whom 171,774 children were born after use of ART (2.2%) and 7,772,474 children were born after spontaneous conception, representing all children born between the years 1994 to 2014 in Denmark, 1990 to 2014 in Finland, 1984 to 2015 in Norway, and 1985 to 2015 in Sweden. Rates for any cancer and specific cancer groups in children born after each conception method were determined by cross-linking national ART registry data with national cancer and health data registries and population registries. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the risk of any cancer, with age as the time scale. After a mean follow-up of 9.9 and 12.5 years, the incidence rate (IR) of cancer before age 18 years was 19.3/100,000 person-years for children born after ART (329 cases) and 16.7/100,000 person-years for children born after spontaneous conception (16,184 cases). Adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) was 1.08, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.96 to 1.21, p = 0.18. Adjustment was performed for sex, plurality, year of birth, country of birth, maternal age at birth, and parity. Children born after FET had a higher risk of cancer (48 cases; IR 30.1/100,000 person-years) compared to both fresh embryo transfer (IR 18.8/100,000 person-years), aHR 1.59, 95% CI 1.15 to 2.20, p = 0.005, and spontaneous conception, aHR 1.65, 95% CI 1.24 to 2.19, p = 0.001. Adjustment either for macrosomia, birth weight, or major birth defects attenuated the association marginally. Higher risks of epithelial tumors and melanoma after any assisted reproductive method and of leukemia after FET were observed. The main limitation of this study is the small number of children with cancer in the FET group.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Children born after FET had a higher risk of childhood cancer than children born after fresh embryo transfer and spontaneous conception. The results should be interpreted cautiously based on the small number of children with cancer, but the findings raise concerns considering the increasing use of FET, in particular freeze-all strategies without clear medical indications.\n\nTRIAL REGISTRATION: Trial registration number: ISRCTN 11780826.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"PLoS medicine"}}},"pageStart":"e1004078","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1004078","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1371/journal.pmed.1004078"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36048761"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/allergies-caused-by-textiles-control-research-and-future-perspectives-in-the-med-os7azhiy/","name":"Allergies caused by textiles: control, research and future perspective in the medical field","headline":"Allergies caused by textiles: control, research and future perspective in the medical field","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/allergies-caused-by-textiles-control-research-and-future-perspectives-in-the-med-os7azhiy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sanchez Armengol E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Blanka Kerezsi A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laffleur F"}],"datePublished":"2022-09-01","abstract":"Textile production forms one of the most polluting industries worldwide. However, other than damaging environmental effects, chemical waste products, such as formaldehyde or thiazolinone, are problematic for human health, as allergic potential is present in these compounds. Mostly, contact dermatitis occurs when human skin is exposed to textiles. Moreover, non-eczemous variants are mainly associated to textiles. In order to diagnose the possible allergy of the patient towards these compounds, in vivo and in vitro methods ca be performed, such as patch testing or cytokine detection assays, respectively. Newest research focuses on medical textiles such as garments or sutures to help in diagnosis, therapy and recovery of the patients. Sutures and dressings with antimicrobial properties, with the release of oxygen and growth factors offer greater properties. In this review, state of the art in the field as well as future perspectives will be discussed, which are based on the smart textiles that are going to become more important and probably widespread after the current limits exceeded.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"110","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Immunopharmacology"}},"pageStart":"109043","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109043","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109043"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/associations-between-prenatal-urinary-biomarkers-of-phthalate-exposure-and-prete-xo7bhwcf/","name":"Associations Between Prenatal Urinary Biomarkers of Phthalate Exposure and Preterm Birth: A Pooled Study of 16 US Cohorts","headline":"Associations Between Prenatal Urinary Biomarkers of Phthalate Exposure and Preterm Birth: A Pooled Study of 16 US Cohorts","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/associations-between-prenatal-urinary-biomarkers-of-phthalate-exposure-and-prete-xo7bhwcf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Welch BM, Keil AP, Buckley JP, Calafat AM, Christenbury KE, Engel SM, O'Brien KM, Rosen EM, James-Todd T, Zota AR, Ferguson KK, Pooled Phthalate Exposure and Preterm Birth Study Group, Alshawabkeh AN, Cordero JF, Meeker JD, Barrett ES, Bush NR, Nguyen RHN, Sathyanarayana S, Swan SH, Cantonwine DE, McElrath TF, Aalborg J, Dabelea D, Starling AP, Hauser R, Messerlian C, Zhang Y, Bradman A, Eskenazi B, Harley KG, Holland N, Bloom MS, Newman RB, Wenzel AG, Braun JM, Lanphear BP, Yolton K, Factor-Litvak P, Herbstman JB, Rauh VA, Drobnis EZ, Sparks AE, Redmon JB, Wang C, Binder AM, Michels KB, Baird DD, Jukic AMZ, Weinberg CR, Wilcox AJ, Rich DQ, Weinberger B, Padmanabhan V, Watkins DJ, Hertz-Picciotto I, Schmidt RJ"}],"datePublished":"2022-09-01","abstract":"IMPORTANCE: Phthalate exposure is widespread among pregnant women and may be a risk factor for preterm birth.\n\nOBJECTIVE: To investigate the prospective association between urinary biomarkers of phthalates in pregnancy and preterm birth among individuals living in the US.\n\nDESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Individual-level data were pooled from 16 preconception and pregnancy studies conducted in the US. Pregnant individuals who delivered between 1983 and 2018 and provided 1 or more urine samples during pregnancy were included.\n\nEXPOSURES: Urinary phthalate metabolites were quantified as biomarkers of phthalate exposure. Concentrations of 11 phthalate metabolites were standardized for urine dilution and mean repeated measurements across pregnancy were calculated.\n\nMAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Logistic regression models were used to examine the association between each phthalate metabolite with the odds of preterm birth, defined as less than 37 weeks of gestation at delivery (n = 539). Models pooled data using fixed effects and adjusted for maternal age, race and ethnicity, education, and prepregnancy body mass index. The association between the overall mixture of phthalate metabolites and preterm birth was also examined with logistic regression. G-computation, which requires certain assumptions to be considered causal, was used to estimate the association with hypothetical interventions to reduce the mixture concentrations on preterm birth.\n\nRESULTS: The final analytic sample included 6045 participants (mean [SD] age, 29.1 [6.1] years). Overall, 802 individuals (13.3%) were Black, 2323 (38.4%) were Hispanic/Latina, 2576 (42.6%) were White, and 328 (5.4%) had other race and ethnicity (including American Indian/Alaskan Native, Native Hawaiian, >1 racial identity, or reported as other). Most phthalate metabolites were detected in more than 96% of participants. Higher odds of preterm birth, ranging from 12% to 16%, were observed in association with an interquartile range increase in urinary concentrations of mono-n-butyl phthalate (odds ratio [OR], 1.12 [95% CI, 0.98-1.27]), mono-isobutyl phthalate (OR, 1.16 [95% CI, 1.00-1.34]), mono(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate (OR, 1.16 [95% CI, 1.00-1.34]), and mono(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate (OR, 1.14 [95% CI, 1.01-1.29]). Among approximately 90 preterm births per 1000 live births in this study population, hypothetical interventions to reduce the mixture of phthalate metabolite levels by 10%, 30%, and 50% were estimated to prevent 1.8 (95% CI, 0.5-3.1), 5.9 (95% CI, 1.7-9.9), and 11.1 (95% CI, 3.6-18.3) preterm births, respectively.\n\nCONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Results from this large US study population suggest that phthalate exposure during pregnancy may be a preventable risk factor for preterm delivery.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"176","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA pediatrics"}}},"pageStart":"895","pageEnd":"905","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2022.2252","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2022.2252"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35816333"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/guidance-on-pfas-exposure-testing-and-clinical-followup-rchsdcbq/","name":"Guidance on PFAS Exposure, Testing, and Clinical Follow-Up","headline":"Guidance on PFAS Exposure, Testing, and Clinical Follow-Up","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/guidance-on-pfas-exposure-testing-and-clinical-followup-rchsdcbq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":""},{"@type":"Person","name":""},{"@type":"Person","name":""},{"@type":"Person","name":""},{"@type":"Person","name":""},{"@type":"Person","name":""}],"datePublished":"2022-08-24","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The National Academies Press"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.17226/26156","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.17226/26156"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/patient-centered-perinatal-palliative-care-family-birth-plans-outcomes-and-resou-recy1kya8ehk3o48s/","name":"Patient-centered perinatal palliative care: family birth plans, outcomes, and  resource utilization in a diverse cohort","headline":"Patient-centered perinatal palliative care: family birth plans, outcomes, and  resource utilization in a diverse cohort","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/patient-centered-perinatal-palliative-care-family-birth-plans-outcomes-and-resou-recy1kya8ehk3o48s/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephanie Ho","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8977-033X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institut de Médecine de la Reproduction","sameAs":"https://ror.org/044ha3612"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cara Buskmiller","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1313-1192","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women’s Health, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michelle Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8145-7269","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Family Health International 360","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007kp6q87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ellen Crowe","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6545-4595","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institut de Médecine de la Reproduction","sameAs":"https://ror.org/044ha3612"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shavonia Gants","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institut de Médecine de la Reproduction","sameAs":"https://ror.org/044ha3612"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Suzanne Lopez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2756-8574","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03gds6c39"}}],"datePublished":"2022-08-23","abstract":"Background: Perinatal palliative care is an emerging concept in fetal medicine that offers quality-of-life options and anticipatory grief management for families of fetuses with complex conditions. Few perinatal palliative care outcomes are detailed in peer-reviewed literature.\n\nObjective: This study aimed to describe outcomes of perinatal palliative care at the Fetal Center of the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston and Women's Center at Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital.\n\nStudy Design: This was a retrospective cohort of families receiving perinatal palliative care for life-limiting fetal diagnosis, such as trisomy 13 or 18 and some major structural anomalies between 2016 and 2020. The primary outcome was whether delivery events matched families' birth plans, including fetal/neonatal clinical course matching expectations described by consultant notes. Secondary outcomes included maternal safety outcomes, use of perinatal interventions, delivery outcomes, and resource utilization outcomes.\n\nResults: Of 187 perinatal palliative care consults, delivery events matched families' plans and clinicians' expectations in 89% of cases (165/185); 39% (73/187) of families requested some perinatal interventions, 64% of whom planned postnatal comfort care even while choosing antenatal interventions. Demographics and median income were similar between families who chose some interventions and those who chose comfort care. Patients choosing any interventions had more mismatches between their plans and delivery events (19% vs 2%; P<.001), were more likely to change their plans (24% vs 6%; P=.001), and unsurprisingly used more healthcare resources. They were also more likely to have intraamniotic infection or postpartum hemorrhage (9% vs 22%; P=.02), but this was associated with mode of delivery and not choice of interventions.\n\nConclusion: Most families' perinatal experiences matched birth plans and expectations in this perinatal palliative care program. Families who desired interventions used more healthcare resources, but often did so with plans for postnatal comfort care, demonstrating insight into neonatal prognosis but achieving value-consistent goals, such as meeting a live neonate. Perinatal palliative care was safe for maternal patients and equitable across racial, ethnic, and income groups. Perinatal palliative care and some perinatal interventions are options for care of the whole family in complex fetal medicine cases.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology MFM"}}},"pageStart":"100725","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajogmf.2022.100725","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ajogmf.2022.100725"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35995365"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-pregnancy-outcomes-of-infertile-women-with-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-undergo-i50evlc9/","name":"The pregnancy outcomes of infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome undergoing intrauterine insemination with different attempts of previous ovulation induction","headline":"The pregnancy outcomes of infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome undergoing intrauterine insemination with different attempts of previous ovulation induction","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-pregnancy-outcomes-of-infertile-women-with-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-undergo-i50evlc9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yiyuan Gao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6421-1251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chongqing Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/017z00e58"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jiang S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lihui Chen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04kx2sy84"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xi Q"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wenjuan Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4188-4466","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ckt8b96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Suqun Zhang","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010826a91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yanping Kuang","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010826a91"}}],"datePublished":"2022-08-22","abstract":"Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common reasons for infertility. The consensus of the treatment of infertile women with PCOS is ovulation induction (OI) for six to nine attempts beforein vitrofertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Nowadays, more attention was paid to a rising, noninvasive treatment, intrauterine insemination (IUI), as some experts claimed IUI could benefit PCOS patients with infertility. Our study means to investigate the outcomes of IUI for PCOS patients and if patients’ previous OI cycles can be a predictive factor for IUI outcomes.\n\nMethods: A total of 1,086 PCOS patients was included and 1,868 IUI cycles were performed between January 2007 and July 2021 in the department of assisted reproduction in Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital. All included patients underwent IUI treatments with letrozole+human menopausal gonadotropin (LE+hMG) for ovarian stimulation.\n\nResults: The pregnancy outcomes were not associated with the attempts of failed OI cycles previously. Specifically, the clinical pregnancy rate was 21.14% for PCOS patients without previous OI cycles, 21.95% for PCOS patients with 1-2 previous OI cycles and 23.64% for PCOS patients with 3 or more previous OI cycles (p=0.507). The corresponding live birth rate was 16.64%, 18.06%, and 18.68%, respectively, of which the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.627). The cumulative rate per patient was 38.59% for clinical pregnancy and 31.03% for live birth, and approximately 98% of the pregnancies occurred in the first 3 cycles of IUI.\n\nConclusion: PCOS women with different attempts of OI cycles had similar pregnancy outcomes after IUI, thus a history of repeated failures of OI treatments was not a predictive factor for the pregnancy outcomes in IUI cycles. Most pregnancies occurred in the first three cycles of IUI, so we strongly recommended three attempts of IUI for PCOS women before they switched to IVF/ICSI. Generally, IUI might be an assist for infertile women with PCOS before IVF/ICSI and might accelerate pregnancy for target women without invasive manipulations.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology"}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.922605","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fendo.2022.922605"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/folic-acid-and-the-prevention-of-birth-defects-30-years-of-opportunity-and-contr-aghrnhfi/","name":"Folic Acid and the Prevention of Birth Defects: 30 Years of Opportunity and Controversies","headline":"Folic Acid and the Prevention of Birth Defects: 30 Years of Opportunity and Controversies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/folic-acid-and-the-prevention-of-birth-defects-30-years-of-opportunity-and-contr-aghrnhfi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Crider KS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qi YP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yeung LF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mai CT"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Head Zauche L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amy Wang","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02zg69r60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Daniels K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lana J Williams","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Melbourne","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98"}}],"datePublished":"2022-08-22","abstract":"For three decades, the US Public Health Service has recommended that all persons capable of becoming pregnant consume 400 μg/day of folic acid (FA) to prevent neural tube defects (NTDs). The neural tube forms by 28 days after conception. Fortification can be an effective NTD prevention strategy in populations with limited access to folic acid foods and/or supplements. This review describes the status of mandatory FA fortification among countries that fortify (n = 71) and the research describing the impact of those programs on NTD rates (up to 78% reduction), blood folate concentrations [red blood cell folate concentrations increased ∼1.47-fold (95% CI, 1.27, 1.70) following fortification], and other health outcomes. Across settings, high-quality studies such as those with randomized exposures (e.g., randomized controlled trials, Mendelian randomization studies) are needed to elucidate interactions of FA with vitamin B12 as well as expanded biomarker testing.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"42","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Annual review of nutrition"}},"pageStart":"423","pageEnd":"452","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nutr-043020-091647","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1146/annurev-nutr-043020-091647"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35995050"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/international-natural-procreative-technology-evaluation-and-surveillance-of-trea-recudgdct40otosdm/","name":"International Natural Procreative Technology Evaluation and Surveillance of Treatment for Subfertility (iNEST): enrollment and methods","headline":"International Natural Procreative Technology Evaluation and Surveillance of Treatment for Subfertility (iNEST): enrollment and methods","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/international-natural-procreative-technology-evaluation-and-surveillance-of-trea-recudgdct40otosdm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford JB, Parnell T, Kantor K, Reeder MR, Najmabadi S, Johnson K, Musso I, Hartman H, Tham E, Winter I, Galczynski K, Carus A, Sherlock A, Golden Tevald J, Barczentewicz M, Meier B, Carpentier PA, Poehailos K, Chasuk R, Lipscomb L, Danis PG"}],"datePublished":"2022-08-18","abstract":"STUDY QUESTION: What is the feasibility of a prospective protocol to follow subfertile couples being treated with natural procreative technology for up to 3 years at multiple clinical sites?\n\nSUMMARY ANSWER: Overall, clinical sites had missing data for about one-third of participants, the proportion of participants responding to follow-up questionnaires during time periods when participant compensation was available (about two-thirds) was double that of time periods when participant compensation was not available (about one-third) and follow-up information was most complete for pregnancies and births (obtained from both clinics and participants).\n\nWHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Several retrospective single-clinic studies from Canada, Ireland and the USA, with subfertile couples receiving restorative reproductive medicine, mostly natural procreative technology, have reported adjusted cumulative live birth rates ranging from 29% to 66%, for treatment for up to 2 years, with a mean women's age of about 35 years.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN SIZE DURATION: The international Natural Procreative Technology Evaluation and Surveillance of Treatment for Subfertility (iNEST) was designed as a multicenter, prospective cohort study, to enroll subfertile couples seeking treatment for live birth, assess baseline characteristics and follow them up for up to 3 years to report diagnoses, treatments and outcomes of pregnancy and live birth. In addition to obtaining data from medical record abstraction, we sent follow-up questionnaires to participants (both women and men) to obtain information about treatments and pregnancy outcomes, including whether they obtained treatment elsewhere. The study was conducted from 2006 to 2016, with a total of 10 clinics participating for at least some of the study period across four countries (Canada, Poland, UK and USA).\n\nPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS SETTING\n\nMETHODS: The 834 participants were subfertile couples with the woman's age 18 years or more, not pregnant and seeking a live birth, with at least one clinic visit. Couples with known absolute infertility were excluded (i.e. bilateral tubal blockage, azoospermia). Most women were trained to use a standardized protocol for daily vulvar observation, description and recording of cervical mucus and vaginal bleeding (the Creighton Model FertilityCare System). Couples received medical and sometimes surgical evaluation and treatments aimed to restore and optimize female and male reproductive function, to facilitate in vivo conception.\n\nMAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: The mean age of women starting treatment was 34.0 years; among those with additional demographic data, 382/478 (80%) had 16 or more years of education, and 199/659 (30%) had a prior live birth. Across 10 clinical sites in four countries (mostly private clinical practices) with family physicians or obstetrician-gynecologists, data about clinic visits were submitted for 60% of participants, and diagnostic data for 77%. For data obtained directly from the couple, 59% of couples had at least one follow-up questionnaire, and the proportion of women and men responding to fill out the follow-up questionnaires was 69% and 67%, respectively, when participant financial compensation was available, compared to 38% and 33% when compensation was not available. Among all couples, 57% had at least one pregnancy and 44% at least one live birth during the follow-up time period, based on data obtained from clinic and/or participant questionnaires. All sites reported on female pelvic surgical procedures, and among all participants, 22% of females underwent a pelvic diagnostic and/or therapeutic procedure, predominantly laparoscopy and hysterosalpingography. Among the 643 (77%) of participants with diagnostic information, ovulation-related disorders were diagnosed in 87%, endometriosis in 31%, nutritional disorders in 47% and abnormalities of semen analysis in 24%. The mean number of diagnoses per couple was 4.7.\n\nLIMITATIONS REASONS FOR CAUTION: The level of missing data was higher than anticipated, which limits both generalizability and the ability to study different components of treatment and prognosis. Loss to follow-up may also be differential and introduce bias for outcomes. Most of the participating clinicians were not surgeons, which limits the opportunity to study the impact of surgical interventions. Participants were geographically dispersed but relatively homogeneous with regard to socioeconomic status, which may limit the generalizability of current and future findings.\n\nWIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: Multicenter studies are key to understanding the outcomes of subfertility treatments beyond IVF or IUI in broader populations, and the association of different prognostic factors with outcomes. We anticipate that the iNEST study will provide insight for clinical and treatment factors associated with outcomes of pregnancy and live birth, with appropriate attention to potential biases (including adjustment for potential confounders, multiple imputation for missing data, sensitivity analysis and inverse probability weighting for potential differential loss to follow-up, and assessments for clinical site heterogeneity). Future studies will need to either have: adequate funding to compensate clinics and participants for robust data collection, including targeted randomized trials; or a scaled-down, registry-based approach with targeted data points, similar to the multiple national and regional ART registries.\n\nSTUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS: Funding for the study came from the International Institute for Restorative Reproductive Medicine, the University of Utah, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Health Studies Fund, the Primary Children's Medical Foundation, the Mary Cross Tippmann Foundation, the Atlas Foundation, the St. Augustine Foundation and the Women's Reproductive Health Foundation. The authors declare no competing interests.\n\nTRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: The iNEST study is registered at clinicaltrials.gov, NCT01363596.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2022","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction Open"}}},"pageStart":"hoac033","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hropen/hoac033","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/hropen/hoac033"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35974874"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prospectively-assessed-perceived-stress-associated-with-early-pregnancy-losses-a-rec5jat4nwdtzl3ku/","name":"Prospectively assessed perceived stress associated with early pregnancy losses  among women with history of pregnancy loss","headline":"Prospectively assessed perceived stress associated with early pregnancy losses  among women with history of pregnancy loss","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prospectively-assessed-perceived-stress-associated-with-early-pregnancy-losses-a-rec5jat4nwdtzl3ku/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Stefanie N Hinkle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4312-708X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Keewan Kim","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7171-3487","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindsey A Sjaarda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0539-8110","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert M Silver","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5794-3152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Intermountain Healthcare","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mvr1r74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Torie Comeaux Plowden","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9086-2947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandra Purdue-Smithe","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7356-3651","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2022-08-17","abstract":"STUDY Question: What is the association between perceived stress during peri-conception and early pregnancy and pregnancy loss among women who have experienced a prior pregnancy loss?\n\nSUMMARY ANSWER: Daily perceived stress above the median is associated with over a 2-fold risk of early pregnancy loss among women who have experienced a prior loss. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY? Women who have experienced a pregnancy loss may be more vulnerable to stress while trying to become pregnant again. While prior research has indicated a link between psychological stress and clinically confirmed miscarriages, research is lacking among a pre-conceptional cohort followed prospectively for the effects of perceived stress during early critical windows of pregnancy establishment on risk of both hCG-detected pregnancy losses and confirmed losses, while considering important time-varying confounders.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: Secondary data analysis of the EAGeR trial (2007-2011) among women with an hCG-detected pregnancy (n = 797 women).\n\nPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, Methods: Women from four US clinical centers enrolled pre-conceptionally and were followed ≤6 cycles while attempting pregnancy and, as applicable, throughout pregnancy. Perceived stress was captured via daily diaries and end-of-month questionnaires. Main outcome measures include hCG-detected and clinically recognized pregnancy losses.\n\nMAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: Among women who had an hCG-confirmed pregnancy, 188 pregnancies (23.6%) ended in loss. Women with high (>50th percentile) versus low (≤50th percentile) peri-implantation or early pregnancy weekly perceived stress had an elevated risk of experiencing any pregnancy loss (hazard ratio (HR): 1.69, 95% CI: 1.13, 2.54) or clinical loss (HR: 1.58, 95% CI: 0.96, 2.60), with higher risks observed for women experiencing an hCG-detected loss (HR: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.04, 4.46). Models accounted for women's age, BMI, employment, marital status, income, education, race, parity, prior losses, exercise and time-varying nausea/vomiting, caffeine, alcohol and smoking.\n\nLIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: We were limited in our ability to clearly identify the mechanisms of stress on pregnancy loss due to our sole reliance on self-reported perceived stress, and the lack of biomarkers of different pathways of stress.\n\nWIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE Findings: This study provides new insight on early pregnancy perceived stress and risk of pregnancy loss, most notably hCG-detected losses, among women with a history of a prior loss. Our study is an improvement over past studies in its ability to account for time-varying early pregnancy symptoms, such as nausea/vomiting, and lifestyle factors, such as caffeine, alcohol and smoking, which are also risk factors for psychological stress and pregnancy loss. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S): This work was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (Contract numbers: HHSN267200603423, HHSN267200603424, HHSN267200603426, HHSN275201300023I). Additionally, K.C.S. was supported by the National Institute on Aging of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number K01AG058781. The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.\n\nTRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: #NCT00467363.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"37","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"2264","pageEnd":"2274","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deac172","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/deac172"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35972454"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/spotlight-on-the-gut-microbiome-in-menopause-current-insights-smccameu/","name":"Spotlight on the Gut Microbiome in Menopause: Current Insights","headline":"Spotlight on the Gut Microbiome in Menopause: Current Insights","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/spotlight-on-the-gut-microbiome-in-menopause-current-insights-smccameu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Peters BA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nanette Santoro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9096-7490","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kaplan RC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qi Q"}],"datePublished":"2022-08-10","abstract":"The gut microbiome is an important contributor to human health, shaped by many endogenous and exogenous factors. The gut microbiome displays sexual dimorphism, suggesting influence of sex hormones, and also has been shown to change with aging. Yet, little is known regarding the influence of menopause - a pivotal event of reproductive aging in women - on the gut microbiome. Here, we summarize what is known regarding the interrelationships of female sex hormones and the gut microbiome, and review the available literature on menopause, female sex hormones, and the gut microbiome in humans. Taken together, research suggests that menopause is associated with lower gut microbiome diversity and a shift toward greater similarity to the male gut microbiome, however more research is needed in large study populations to identify replicable patterns in taxa impacted by menopause. Many gaps in knowledge remain, including the role the gut microbiome may play in menopause-related disease risks, and whether menopausal hormone therapy modifies menopause-related change in the gut microbiome. Given the modifiable nature of the gut microbiome, better understanding of its role in menopause-related health will be critical to identify novel opportunities for improvement of peri- and post-menopausal health and well-being.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Women's Health"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S340491","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2147/IJWH.S340491"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35983178"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-factors-for-anxiety-and-depression-among-pregnant-women-during-the-covid-19-recmbdedw4q5q7llx/","name":"Risk factors for anxiety and depression among pregnant women during the COVID-19  pandemic: Results of a web-based multinational cross-sectional study","headline":"Risk factors for anxiety and depression among pregnant women during the COVID-19  pandemic: Results of a web-based multinational cross-sectional study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-factors-for-anxiety-and-depression-among-pregnant-women-during-the-covid-19-recmbdedw4q5q7llx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kajdy A, Sys D, Pokropek A, Shaw SW, Chang TY, Calda P, Acharya G, Ben-Zion M, Biron-Shental T, Borowski D, Czuba B, Etchegaray A, Feduniw S, Garcia-Mandujano R, Santacruz MG, Gil MM, Hassan S, Kwiatkowski S, Martin-Arias A, Martinez-Portilla RJ, Prefumo F, Rabijewski M, Salomon LJ, Tiller H, Verlohren S, Voon HY, Yanque-Robles OF, Yong SL, Poon LC"}],"datePublished":"2022-08-07","abstract":"Objective: To assess risk factors for anxiety and depression among pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic using Mind-COVID, a prospective cross-sectional study that compares outcomes in middle-income economies and high-income economies.\n\nMethods: A total of 7102 pregnant women from 12 high-income economies and nine middle-income economies were included. The web-based survey used two standardized instruments, General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). RESULT: Pregnant women in high-income economies reported higher PHQ-9 (0.18 standard deviation [SD], P < 0.001) and GAD-7 (0.08 SD, P = 0.005) scores than those living in middle-income economies. Multivariate regression analysis showed that increasing PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scales were associated with mental health problems during pregnancy and the need for psychiatric treatment before pregnancy. PHQ-9 was associated with a feeling of burden related to restrictions in social distancing, and access to leisure activities. GAD-7 scores were associated with a pregnancy-related complication, fear of adverse outcomes in children related to COVID-19, and feeling of burden related to finances.\n\nConclusions: According to this study, the imposed public health measures and hospital restrictions have left pregnant women more vulnerable during these difficult times. Adequate partner and family support during pregnancy and childbirth can be one of the most important protective factors against anxiety and depression, regardless of national economic status.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"160","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: the Official Organ of the  International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics"}}},"pageStart":"167","pageEnd":"186","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/ijgo.14388","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q115577770"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/ijgo.14388"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35932096"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q115577770"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-contraception-and-risk-of-breast-cancer-and-breast-cancer-in-situ-among-rec5f3nkfkdrt9d5n/","name":"Hormonal contraception and risk of breast cancer and breast cancer in situ among  Swedish women 15-34 years of age: A nationwide register-based study","headline":"Hormonal contraception and risk of breast cancer and breast cancer in situ among  Swedish women 15-34 years of age: A nationwide register-based study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-contraception-and-risk-of-breast-cancer-and-breast-cancer-in-situ-among-rec5f3nkfkdrt9d5n/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jenny Niemeyer Hultstrand","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2304-2006","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Uppsala University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/048a87296"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Niemeyer Hultstrand J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kristina Gemzell‐Danielsson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6516-1444","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Karolinska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00m8d6786"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Helena Kopp Kallner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7184-9165","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Karolinska Institutet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056d84691"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Henrik Lindman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5871-268X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Uppsala University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/048a87296"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kristina Gemzell-Danielsson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Inger Sundström-Poromaa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2491-2042","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala university, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/048a87296"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Per Wikman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9038-2003","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Uppsala University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/048a87296"}}],"datePublished":"2022-08-05","abstract":"Background: Evidence on a possible association between newer hormonal contraceptives (HC) and risk of breast cancer remains inconclusive, especially as concerns progestogen-only methods.\n\nMethods: In this nationwide prospective cohort study, all Swedish women aged 15-34 at study start on January 1(st) 2005, or who turned 15 years during the study period, were followed until December 31(st) 2017. Using information from seven National Registers, we assessed the risk ratio of developing breast cancer and breast cancer in situ in relation to different HC using Poisson regression. We adjusted the analyses for several known confounders of breast cancer.\n\nFindings: This cohort included 1.5 million women providing more than 14 million person-years. During the study period, 3842 women were diagnosed with breast cancer. Compared with never users of any HC, we found no increased risk of developing breast cancer among current users of any combined HC, IRR 1.03 (0.91-1.16), whereas current users of progestogen-only methods had an increased risk of developing breast cancer, IRR 1.32 (1.20-1.45). Across all types of HC, the risk of developing breast cancer appeared to be highest the first five years of use (combined HC IRR 1.39 (1.14-1.69); progestogen-only methods IRR 1.74 (1.44-2.10). The risk disappeared ten years after the women stopped using HC. The absolute risk of breast cancer per 100,000 women-years was 22.4 for never users, 10.9 for current users of combined HC, and 29.8 for current users of progestogen-only methods.\n\nInterpretation: Current use of progestogen-only methods is associated with a small increased risk of developing breast cancer, whereas we could only detect an increased risk among users of combined HC during the first five years of use. This may partly be explained by a selective prescription of progestogen-only methods to women with risk factors for breast cancer, like smoking or obesity. As the absolute risk of breast cancer was small, the many health benefits associated with HC must also be taken into account in contraceptive counselling.\n\nFunding: This study was funded by the Swedish Cancer Society and by the Uppsala County Council, the Faculty of Medicine at Uppsala University.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Lancet Regional Health. Europe"}},"pageStart":"100470","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanepe.2022.100470","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q114150872"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.lanepe.2022.100470"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35923559"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q114150872"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pooled-efficacy-results-of-estetroldrospirenone-combined-oral-contraception-phas-reczmx7wgijlhfpvw/","name":"Pooled efficacy results of estetrol/drospirenone combined oral contraception  phase 3 trials","headline":"Pooled efficacy results of estetrol/drospirenone combined oral contraception  phase 3 trials","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pooled-efficacy-results-of-estetroldrospirenone-combined-oral-contraception-phas-reczmx7wgijlhfpvw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jeffrey T Jensen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4733-1224","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oregon Health & Science University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/009avj582"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sharon L Achilles","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7478-8262","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pittsburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Steven Weyers","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2828-8037","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ghent University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00xmkp704"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Terhi Piltonen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9921-7300","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oulu University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045ney286"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Л. В. Сутурина","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6271-7803","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Scientific Center of Family Health Problems and Human Reproduction","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027n02r78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"И.А. Аполихина","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4581-6295","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I.Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yfnyw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Céline Bouchard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2258-058X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Clinique de Recherche en Sant&#xe9; de la femme (RSF) Inc., Qu&#xe9;bec City, Qu&#xe9;bec, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Melissa J Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5428-6831","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Davis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dan Apter","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5175-8845","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"VL-Medi Oy (Finland)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00w1mdq38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean-Michel Foidart","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8285-3573","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mithra Pharmaceuticals (Belgium)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02dvdxr58"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mitchell D Creinin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5967-8180","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Davis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Inna Apolikhina","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maud Jost","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0356-7138","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mithra Pharmaceuticals (Belgium)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02dvdxr58"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrew M Kaunitz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Florida","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y3ad647"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Larisa Suturina","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Reproductive Health Protection, Scientific Center for Family Health and Human Reproduction, Irkutsk, Russia."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"János Zatik","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Szent Anna Szuleszeti, Nogyogyaszati es Ultrahang Maganrendelo, Debrecen, Hungary."}}],"datePublished":"2022-08-04","abstract":"Objective: To evaluate overall and subgroup efficacy of an estetrol (E4) 15 mg drospirenone (DRSP) 3 mg oral contraceptive in a 24/4-day regimen.\n\nStudy Design: We pooled efficacy outcomes from 2 pivotal phase 3 contraceptive trials with E4/DRSP conducted in the United States/Canada and Europe/Russia. We assessed Pearl Index (PI; pregnancies per 100 participant-years) and 13-cycle life-table pregnancy rates in at-risk cycles (confirmed intercourse and no other contraceptive use) among participants 16 to 35 years. We calculated PI by age and further subcategorization (contraceptive history and body mass index [BMI]). We performed multivariable analysis using Cox regression to assess impact of potential confounding factors.\n\nResults: Analyses included 3027 participants, of whom 451 (14.9%) had a BMI ≥30 kg/m(2). The pooled PI was 1.52 (95% confidence interval 1.04-2.16) and the 13-cycle life-table pregnancy rate was 1.28% (0.83%-1.73%). We calculated unadjusted pooled PI in participants 16 to 25 years and 26 to 35 years of 1.61 (0.94-2.57) and 1.43 (0.78-2.40), respectively; in new starters and switchers of 1.88 (1.09-3.00) and 1.24 (0.68-2.08), respectively; and by BMI <25 kg/m(2), 25 to 29.9 kg/m(2), and ≥30 kg/m(2) of 1.14 (0.64-1.88), 2.19 (1.05-4.03), and 2.27 (0.83-4.94), respectively. In multivariable analysis, we found associations of prior pregnancy (hazard ratio [HR] 3.61[1.56-8.38]), Black race (HR 4.61[1.97-10.80]), age 16 to 25 years (HR 2.37[1.09-5.15]) and compliance <99% of expected pills (HR 4.21[2.04-8.66]) with conception.\n\nConclusion: E4/DRSP is an effective oral contraceptive overall and across subgroups stratified by age, contraceptive history, and BMI. Other than compliance, predictors of contraceptive failure are nonmodifiable. IMPLICATIONS STATEMENT: Pooled results from two phase 3 trials demonstrate high contraceptive efficacy of the novel estetrol-drospirenone oral contraceptive. Several non-modifiable risk factors, including prior pregnancy, race, and age, are associated with higher pregnancy risk. Additional research is needed to better understand predictors of combined oral contraceptive failure.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"116","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}},"pageStart":"37","pageEnd":"43","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2022.07.009","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.contraception.2022.07.009"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35921870"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relative-energy-deficiency-in-sport-red-s-a0dap9tp/","name":"Relative energy deficiency in sport (RED - S)","headline":"Relative energy deficiency in sport (RED - S)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relative-energy-deficiency-in-sport-red-s-a0dap9tp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Dave SC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fisher M"}],"datePublished":"2022-08-01","abstract":"Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S) refers to a condition in which energy imbalance leads to impaired physiological function of multiple organ systems and expands on the diagnosis previously known as the Female Athlete Triad. Researchers attribute the medical complications of RED-S to low energy availability, in which energy availability is defined as dietary energy intake minus exercise energy expenditure divided by fat-free mass. This article reviews the history of this diagnosis, the changing terminology, and the reasons for the expansion. Accepted definitions of each part of the energy availability equation are considered and the difficulties that exist using these equations in practice or comparatively in the literature are assessed. The review analyzes the broad spectrum of health consequences of RED-S, especially as it relates to hypoestrogenemia and menstrual function, gives guidance to those caring for athletes on the identification and management of RED-S, and sheds lights on the important role of coaches, athletic trainers, and families in recognizing this diagnosis and in helping getting patients to care.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"52","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Current problems in pediatric and adolescent health care"}}},"pageStart":"101242","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cppeds.2022.101242","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.cppeds.2022.101242"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35915044"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polycystic-ovary-syndrome-and-postpartum-depression-among-hispanics-and-non-hisp-recg5cbbe18itblza/","name":"Polycystic ovary syndrome and postpartum depression among Hispanics and non-Hispanics: a population-based study","headline":"Polycystic ovary syndrome and postpartum depression among Hispanics and non-Hispanics: a population-based study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polycystic-ovary-syndrome-and-postpartum-depression-among-hispanics-and-non-hisp-recg5cbbe18itblza/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Adriele Fugal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5016-9355","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Erica Johnstone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3382-3500","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kebba Kah","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2022-08-01","abstract":"Background: Women with polycystic ovary syndrome experience increased health complications during and after pregnancy, including a higher prevalence of postpartum depression. Although previous research has found that Hispanic women with polycystic ovary syndrome experience heightened hyperandrogenism and metabolic effects compared with non-Hispanic women, it is unknown whether they experience other polycystic ovary syndrome-related comorbidities, such as postpartum depression, to a greater degree than their non-Hispanic counterparts.\n\nObjective: This study aimed to determine the associations among a self-reported prepregnancy diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome, polycystic ovary syndrome symptoms (irregular menstruation, hirsutism, and acne), and postpartum depression among a national sample of at-risk women and evaluated the potential effect modification by Hispanic ethnicity.\n\nStudy Design: The study population included 52,267 postpartum (2-6 months) women who completed the US Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System Phase 8 questionnaire (2016-2018). Data from US states that captured self-reported polycystic ovary syndrome symptoms in the 3 months before pregnancy (n=17 states) were used. Moreover, we performed a subanalysis restricted to data from the Utah Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System Phase 8 questionnaire (2016-2019; n=5814), as it was the only state that considered self-reported polycystic ovary syndrome symptoms during this period. Postpartum depressed mood and anhedonia, the postpartum depression outcome measurements, were assessed via the following questions, respectively: (1) \"Since your new baby was born, how often have you felt down, depressed, or hopeless?\" and (2) \"Since your new baby was born, how often have you had little interest or little pleasure in doing things you usually enjoyed?\" In addition, postpartum depressed mood and anhedonia were assessed separately and as a combined variable. Here, weighted adjusted prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals were used to assess the association between polycystic ovary syndrome and postpartum depressed mood and anhedonia among Hispanic women and non-Hispanic women while taking into account preconception sociodemographics, lifestyle, and health history confounding factors.\n\nResults: The national study population was composed of 16.8% of Hispanic ethnicity, with 11.4% Hispanic women and 17.1% non-Hispanic women reporting prepregnancy polycystic ovary syndrome symptoms. The study found no association between women reporting prepregnancy polycystic ovary syndrome vs women without polycystic ovary syndrome and the prevalence of postpartum depressed mood and/or anhedonia. Moreover, the results were null when we stratified by Hispanic ethnicity. The Utah study population was composed of 15.5% of women of Hispanic ethnicity, with 5.8% of Hispanic women and 7.4% of non-Hispanic women reporting prepregnancy polycystic ovary syndrome. Symptom-based polycystic ovary syndrome (having irregular menstruation with hirsutism or irregular menstruation with acne), compared with having regular menstruation in the Utah sample, was associated with a 1.54 higher adjusted prevalence ratio (95% confidence interval, 1.14-2.09) for postpartum depressed mood and anhedonia. Stratified analyses by ethnicity indicated a 2to 5-fold higher prevalence of postpartum depression with symptom-based polycystic ovary syndrome for Hispanic women and a 1.5-fold higher prevalence for non-Hispanic women.\n\nConclusion: In this US population-based study, a self-reported prepregnancy diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome was not associated with postpartum depression. However, self-reported polycystic ovary syndrome symptoms, including irregular menstruation and acne and/or hirsutism, were associated with a higher probability of postpartum depression, most prominently for Hispanic women. Our findings suggested that capturing polycystic ovary syndrome symptoms among at-risk women may be important for identifying associations with postpartum depression and potentially other comorbidities.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"AJOG global reports"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xagr.2022.100070","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.xagr.2022.100070"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36060826"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstruation-and-menopause-in-autistic-adults-periods-of-importance-smxaeybm/","name":"Menstruation and menopause in autistic adults: Periods of importance?","headline":"Menstruation and menopause in autistic adults: Periods of importance?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstruation-and-menopause-in-autistic-adults-periods-of-importance-smxaeybm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Annabeth P. Groenman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8394-6605","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Medical Center Groningen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03cv38k47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Torenvliet C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Radhoe TA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Agelink van Rentergem JA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Geurts HM"}],"datePublished":"2022-08-01","abstract":"Autism spectrum conditions were once seen as a predominantly male condition, but this has caused research to have little focus on women. Therefore, little is known about menstruation and menopause in autism spectrum conditions. Some smaller studies indicate that autistic individuals might suffer from increased difficulties surrounding these events. This study aimed to investigate whether autistic women experience more frequent premenstrual dysphoric disorder, causing extreme physical, emotional, and functional impairment. In a partly overlapping sample, we also examined whether women with autism spectrum condition experience increased complaints surrounding menopause. We did not find an increased prevalence of premenstrual dysphoric disorder in autism spectrum conditions (14.3%) compared with non-autistic women (9.5%). Those with autism spectrum conditions did experience increased menopausal complaints. These menopausal complaints were associated with higher levels of depression and autistic traits. In non-autistic women, menopausal complaints were associated with increased inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity (i.e. attention deficit hyperactivity disorder traits), and depression. With this work, we show the important role that major reproductive milestones can have in an autistic woman's life.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"26","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Autism : the international journal of research and practice"}}},"pageStart":"1563","pageEnd":"1572","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613211059721","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/13623613211059721"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34825585"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-135mg-195mg-and-52mg-levonorgestrelreleasing-intrauterine-systems-and-risk-o-zlaindq6/","name":"The 13.5-mg, 19.5-mg, and 52-mg Levonorgestrel-Releasing Intrauterine Systems and Risk of Ectopic Pregnancy","headline":"The 13.5-mg, 19.5-mg, and 52-mg Levonorgestrel-Releasing Intrauterine Systems and Risk of Ectopic Pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-135mg-195mg-and-52mg-levonorgestrelreleasing-intrauterine-systems-and-risk-o-zlaindq6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Elgemark K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Graner S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"McTaggart J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ramirez Löfström J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sörensen D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Envall N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kopp Kallner H"}],"datePublished":"2022-08-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To assess the Pearl Index for risk of ectopic pregnancy in women using levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine systems (LNG-IUS) with hormonal reservoirs of 13.5 mg, 19.5 mg, or 52 mg.\n\nMETHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study. Women diagnosed with an ectopic pregnancy in Stockholm County, Sweden, between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2019, were identified through the electronic medical record system. The final analysis included 2,252 cases of ectopic pregnancy. Information on age, reproductive and medical history, as well as current use of contraception was retrieved. The time of intrauterine device (IUD) insertion before ectopic pregnancy and the numbers of sold LNG-IUS during the study period were used to calculate the incidence rate for ectopic pregnancy during use per 100 woman-years (Pearl Index).\n\nRESULTS: Among women with an ectopic pregnancy diagnosis, 105 presented with a known type of hormonal IUD in situ, of whom 94 were included in the calculations of the Pearl Index. The estimated Pearl Index for ectopic pregnancy was 0.136 (95% CI 0.106-0.176) for the LNG-IUS 13.5-mg, 0.037 (95% CI 0.021-0.067) for the LNG-IUS 19.5-mg, and 0.009 (95% CI 0.006-0.014) for the LNG-IUS 52-mg. With the 52-mg LNG-IUS as referent, the relative risk (RR) for ectopic pregnancy was higher during the first year for LNG 13.5-mg (RR 20.59, 95% CI 12.04-35.21), and for both 13.5-mg (RR 14.49, 95% CI 9.01-23.3) and 19.5-mg (RR 4.44, 95% CI 1.64-12.00) during the total study period.\n\nCONCLUSION: The absolute risk of ectopic pregnancy during the use of LNG-IUS at any doses was low. The results show that the lower the dose of the IUD, the higher the risk of an ectopic pregnancy. Higher-dose LNG-IUS should be considered when providing contraceptive counseling to a woman with known risk factors for ectopic pregnancy who are considering a hormonal IUD.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"140","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"227","pageEnd":"233","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0000000000004846","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/AOG.0000000000004846"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35852273"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/health-risk-assessment-of-polychlorinated-biphenyls-pcbs-in-baby-clothes-a-preli-p5g2dqv9/","name":"Health risk assessment of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in baby clothes. A preliminary study","headline":"Health risk assessment of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in baby clothes. A preliminary study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/health-risk-assessment-of-polychlorinated-biphenyls-pcbs-in-baby-clothes-a-preli-p5g2dqv9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Herrero M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"González N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joaquim Rovira","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0212-9353","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitat Rovira i Virgili","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g5sqv46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marquès M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"José L Domingo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9470","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitat Rovira i Virgili","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g5sqv46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Abalos M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Abad E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Martí Nadal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1974-6836","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitat Rovira i Virgili","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g5sqv46"}}],"datePublished":"2022-08-01","abstract":"Clothes may contain a large range of chemical additives and other toxic substances, which may eventually pose a significant risk to human health. Since they are associated with pigments, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) may be especially relevant. On the other hand, infants are very sensitive to chemical exposure and they may wear some contact and colored textiles for a prolonged time. Consequently, a specific human health risk assessment is required. This preliminary study was aimed at analyzing the concentrations of PCBs in ten bodysuits purchased in on-line stores and local retailers. The concentrations of 12 dioxin-like and 8 non-dioxin-like PCB congeners were determined by gas chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry, with detection limits ranging between 0.01 and 0.13 pg/g. The dermal absorption to PCBs of children at different ages (6 months, 1 year and 3 years old) was estimated, and the non-cancer and cancer risks were evaluated. Total levels of PCBs ranged from 74.2 to 412 pg/g, with a mean TEQ concentration of 13.4 pg WHO-TEQ/kg. Bodysuits made of organic cotton presented a total mean PCB concentration substantially lower than clothes made of regular cotton (11.0 vs. 15.8 pg WHO-TEQ/kg). The dermal absorption to PCBs for infants was calculated in around 3·10-5 pg WHO-TEQ/kg·day, regardless the age. This value is > 10,000-fold lower than the dietary intake of PCBs, either through breastfeeding or food consumption. Furthermore, this exposure value would not pose any health risks for the infants wearing those bodysuits. Anyhow, as it is a very preliminary study, this should be confirmed by analyzing larger sets of textile samples. Further investigations should be also focused on the co-occurrence of PCBs and other toxic chemicals (i.e., formaldehyde, bisphenols and aromatic amines) in infant clothes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"307","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environmental Pollution"}},"pageStart":"119506","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119506","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119506"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/womens-menstrual-cycles-and-ovulation-provide-balanced-estradiol-and-progesterone-for-fertility-and-lifelong-health-recy3zx7qb7tc7mq0/","name":"Women’s Menstrual Cycles and Ovulation Provide Balanced Estradiol and Progesterone for Fertility and Lifelong Health","headline":"Women’s Menstrual Cycles and Ovulation Provide Balanced Estradiol and Progesterone for Fertility and Lifelong Health","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/womens-menstrual-cycles-and-ovulation-provide-balanced-estradiol-and-progesterone-for-fertility-and-lifelong-health-recy3zx7qb7tc7mq0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2022-07-31","abstract":"Periodic vaginal bleeding occurs in humans (who are henceforth called “women,” a word describing culture as well as biology), old-world apes, and few other mammals. By current concepts, women’s menstrual cycles provide estrogen for thirty to fifty years; following one year of no flow they become menopausal and “estrogen deficient.” By contrast we now know that the purpose of menstrual cycles is to supply all cells and tissues with the balanced essential actions of estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) produced in feedback-controlled patterns to facilitate fecundability and preserve younger women’s well-being. We also now know that menopausal women’s health is negatively affected (by increased osteoporosis, heart disease, breast and endometrial cancers) if those past menstrual cycles produced inadequate net P4 to counterbalance and complement E2’s actions. Menstrual periodicity, flow, and ovulatory characteristics in women reflect the integrated actions/interactions of the central nervous system through the hypothalamus and pituitary, ideally leading to each cycle’s stimulation of a dominant egg-containing follicle. That follicle, by central complex feedback loops, produces the cyclic, graded amounts of estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) for that threeto five-week period and releases a viable egg. Central reproductive connections allow adult premenopausal women’s menstrual cycle periodicity, ovulation or not, and luteal phase lengths, that can be adapted to the challenges and demands of each woman’s current physiological and sociocultural/emotional environments. These new ideas are based on the differing and complementary cellular and tissue actions of E2 and P4. E2 is essential for cell growth and stimulates cell proliferation. P4 uniquely counterbalances and controls proliferation while stimulating cell differentiation and tissue maturation. Thus, E2–P4 actual and relative productions integrate cycles within each woman’s reproductive lifecycle (adolescent, premenopausal, perimenopausal), and are related to her nutrition, illness, energy expenditure, and social/emotional/spiritual environments. The subtlest indication of a stressed reproductive system is truncated P4 production in the short luteal phase within a normal-length, ovulatory menstrual cycle. This adaptation protects a woman from pregnancy when she has inadequate net energy balance or is under emotional/social/spiritual or physical duress. Thus, a normal luteal phase length within a threeto five-week regular menstrual cycle is a bellwether of women’s well-being. By contrast, regular cycles with ovulatory disturbances (anovulation or short luteal phases; E2>P4) predict current decreased well-being and poor later life health. The purpose of this review is to provide a practical approach to understanding this new women’s menstrual cycle balanced E2–P4 paradigm applied to common clinical situations including subfertility with regular cycles, premenstrual symptoms, and heavy menstrual flow.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Cambridge Handbook of Evolutionary Perspectives on Sexual Psychology"},"pageStart":"196","pageEnd":"214","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108943581.010","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1017/9781108943581.010"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-comparison-of-app-defined-fertile-days-from-two-fertility-tracking-apps-using--recylfq954xaojvpu/","name":"A comparison of app-defined fertile days from two fertility tracking apps using  identical cycle data","headline":"A comparison of app-defined fertile days from two fertility tracking apps using  identical cycle data","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-comparison-of-app-defined-fertile-days-from-two-fertility-tracking-apps-using--recylfq954xaojvpu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marguerite Duane","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duquesne University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02336z538"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael D Manhart","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1727-1846","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"RTI International","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052tfza37"}}],"datePublished":"2022-07-29","abstract":"Objective: The Natural Cycles app employs daily basal body temperature to define the fertile window via a proprietary algorithm and is clinically established effective in preventing pregnancy. We sought to (1) compare the app-defined fertile window of Natural Cycles to that of CycleProGo, an app that uses BBT and cervical mucus to define the fertile window and (2) compare the app-defined fertile windows to the estimated physiologic fertile window.\n\nStudy Design: Daily BBT were entered into Natural Cycles from 20 randomly selected regularly cycling women with at least 12 complete cycles from the CycleProGo database. The proportion of cycles with equivalent (±1 cycle day) fertile-window starts and fertile-window ends was determined. The app-defined fertile windows were then compared to the estimated physiologic fertile window using Peak mucus to estimate ovulation.\n\nResults: Fifty seven percent of cycles (136/238) had equivalent fertile-window starts and 36% (72/181) had equivalent fertile-window end days. The mean overall fertile-window length from Natural Cycles was 12.8 days compared to 15.1 days for CycleProGo (p < 0.001). The Natural Cycles algorithm declared 12% to 30% of cycles with a fertile-window start and 13% to 38% of cycles with a fertile-window end within the estimated physiologic fertile window. The CycleProGo algorithm declared 4% to 14% of cycles with a fertile-window start and no cycles with a fertile-window end within the estimated physiologic fertile window.\n\nConclusions: Natural Cycles designated a higher proportion of cycles days as infertile within the estimated physiologic fertile window than CycleProGo.\nImplications: Use of cervical mucus in addition to BBT may improve the accuracy of identifying the fertile window. Additional studies with other markers of ovulation and the fertile window would give additional insight into the clinical implications of app-defined fertile window differences.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"115","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}},"pageStart":"12","pageEnd":"16","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2022.07.007","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q140395000"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.contraception.2022.07.007"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35901971"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q140395000"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-an-option-in-reproductive-healthcare-a-qualitative-study-reckjysxrpykhpphe/","name":"Natural Family Planning, An Option in Reproductive Healthcare: A Qualitative  Study on Clinicians' Perceptions","headline":"Natural Family Planning, An Option in Reproductive Healthcare: A Qualitative  Study on Clinicians' Perceptions","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-an-option-in-reproductive-healthcare-a-qualitative-study-reckjysxrpykhpphe/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joan Ibeziako O"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ozoemena Joan Ibeziako","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0264-8113","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pretoria","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g0p6g84"}}],"datePublished":"2022-07-26","abstract":"Natural family planning (NFP) empowers women to control their reproductive health and approach fertility as a normal biological process. Although substantive literature supports their comparative effectiveness with contraceptive methods, there is a paucity of this knowledge amongst clinicians and users. This study aimed to understand clinicians' perceptions regarding offering NFP to patients as part of reproductive health care. It explored clinicians' knowledge of NFP, described their perceptions of their effectiveness, and identified enabling and deterring factors to their use. Basic Interpretive qualitative research design was appropriate in obtaining an in-depth description of this phenomenon. It was conducted in 2018 in two hospitals and clinics in Ekurhuleni health district, located East of Gauteng Province, South Africa. Fifteen doctors and nurses from diverse cultural and educational backgrounds were purposefully selected and interviewed. Transcribed data were analyzed, coded, and recurrent themes identified. Training that empowers clinicians on NFP methods and their effectiveness will improve their willingness to advocate for it and promote patient autonomy by providing comprehensive counseling on family planning methods. Further, a pro-NFP policy would drive training in undergraduate and postgraduate programs and increase public awareness, including early education of male and female children.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"89","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"298","pageEnd":"318","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00243639221078070","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/00243639221078070"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35875372"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reproductive-services-and-conscience-based-refusals-in-obstetrics-and-gynecology-recpcgso5hgswfqbf/","name":"Reproductive Services and Conscience-Based Refusals in Obstetrics and Gynecology  Training","headline":"Reproductive Services and Conscience-Based Refusals in Obstetrics and Gynecology  Training","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reproductive-services-and-conscience-based-refusals-in-obstetrics-and-gynecology-recpcgso5hgswfqbf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Cara Buskmiller","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1313-1192","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women’s Health, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kristin Kalinowski","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sisters of Mercy Health System","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024zq6d87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Donald G Ward","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UCLouvain Saint-Louis Brussels","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02ygek028"}}],"datePublished":"2022-07-26","abstract":"Purpose: Professional bodies such as the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology recognize the impact of conscience-based decisions. The first time such decisions affect patients and providers is in residency. Our study sought to determine the attitudes of program directors towards various conscience-based refusals in potential applicants to obstetrics and gynecology programs. Method: An eight-question survey was sent to 279 directors of U.S. obstetrics and gynecology residencies in 2019. The survey proposed hypothetical conscientious refusals of common aspects of obstetric and gynecology practice. The survey asked respondents to categorize their reaction to these choices and choose from a list of factors which could modify their reaction. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were performed.\n\nResults: 97 program directors (35%) responded. A majority of PDs reported that the inability to prescribe or counsel on birth control, to provide methotrexate, to counsel on abortion, or to clearly enumerate refusals was impossible to work around, likely to lower an applicant's rank, not compatible with training, or not good for patients; collectively, these responses were grouped as \"negative reactions\" (73-99%). Female program directors had more negative reactions to applicants who refused to prescribe birth control (aOR 15.8, 95% CI 1.7-99.5) and counsel on abortion (aOR 3.6, 95% CI 1.2-10.8). Directors from different locations and program types did not have significantly different responses. A few program directors identified that academic strength could mitigate otherwise negatively-viewed choices. Illustrative comments of directors' attitudes are provided.\n\nConclusions: Program directors agree that conscientious refusal to participate in certain activities is problematic for obstetrics and gynecology residency. There are very few subjective or regional differences on this stance, and few aspects of an application modify directors' reactions.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"89","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"287","pageEnd":"297","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00243639211040589","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/00243639211040589"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35875388"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hes-yangchao-recipe-ameliorates-ovarian-oxidative-stress-of-aging-mice-under-recajqjjm7cpqyir8/","name":"He's Yangchao Recipe Ameliorates Ovarian Oxidative Stress of Aging Mice under ","headline":"He's Yangchao Recipe Ameliorates Ovarian Oxidative Stress of Aging Mice under ","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hes-yangchao-recipe-ameliorates-ovarian-oxidative-stress-of-aging-mice-under-recajqjjm7cpqyir8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jueli Liu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5815-2483","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang A & F University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vj4rn06"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhian Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6423-105X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yiqing Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6870-4202","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jing Ma","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0155-414X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chenyun Miao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7727-2870","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ruoyu Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9275-0647","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Liuqing Yang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2248-1066","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qin Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1616-1805","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ying Zhao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3189-8389","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}}],"datePublished":"2022-07-19","abstract":"Objective: To evaluate the effects of He's Yangchao Recipe (HSYC) on ameliorating ovarian oxidative stress of aging mice under consecutive superovulation.\n\nMethods: An 8-month-old C57BL/6 female mouse was chosen to establish an aging model under ovarian hyperstimulation. Mice were randomly separated into four groups: R1 as the control group, R4 as the model group, NR4 with N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) administration, and TR4 with HSYC administration. Oocyte collection, in vitro fertilization, and embryo culture were performed. The serum hormone levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA); the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level of oocytes, the number of growing follicles, corpus luteum, ovulated oocytes, and developing embryos at each stage, along with the proportions of fragmented oocytes and abnormal mitochondria in granulosa cells (GCs) and the apoptosis rate of GCs were calculated; the mRNA and protein levels of JNK, P53, BAX were detected by real-time PCR and the Simple Western System.\n\nResults: HSYC enhanced estradiol, progesterone, and inhibin-B levels and increased growing follicle and corpus luteum and ovulated egg counts compared to the R4 group (P < 0.05), whereas it decreased the proportions of fragmented oocytes (P < 0.01); Meanwhile, embryos from mice subjected to four superovulation cycles with HSYC treated had a higher hatching potential. The ROS level of oocytes is downregulated by HSYC (P < 0.01) and the percentage of abnormal mitochondrial in ovaries of the TR4 group was also significantly declined compared to the R4 group (P < 0.05); the most TUNEL-positive cells proportion was detected in the R4 group; nevertheless, HSYC effectively attenuated this detrimental effect (P < 0.05). The mRNA and protein expressions of JNK and P53 in ovary tissues were reduced in the TR4 group while these genes were upregulated by repeated superovulation (P < 0.05).\n\nConclusions: HSYC exerted promising effects on promoting the diminished ovarian reserve and decreased oocyte quality induced by both aging and consecutive ovarian superovulation, potentially via the ROS/JNK/p53 pathway.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2022","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM"}},"pageStart":"7705194","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/7705194","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1155/2022/7705194"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35845588"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evidence-based-recommendations-for-an-optimal-prenatal-supplement-for-women-in-t-9tdvqdyn/","name":"Evidence based recommendations for an optimal prenatal supplement for women in the US: vitamins and related nutrients","headline":"Evidence based recommendations for an optimal prenatal supplement for women in the US: vitamins and related nutrients","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evidence-based-recommendations-for-an-optimal-prenatal-supplement-for-women-in-t-9tdvqdyn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Adams JB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kirby JK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sorensen JC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pollard EL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Audhya T"}],"datePublished":"2022-07-11","abstract":"The blood levels of most vitamins decrease during pregnancy if un-supplemented, including vitamins A, C, D, K, B1, B3, B5, B6, folate, biotin, and B12. Sub-optimal intake of vitamins from preconception through pregnancy increases the risk of many pregnancy complications and infant health problems. In the U.S., dietary intake of vitamins is often below recommended intakes, especially for vitamin D, choline and DHA. Many studies suggest that insufficient vitamin intake is associated with a wide range of pregnancy complications (anemia, Cesarean section, depression, gestational diabetes, hypertension, infertility, preeclampsia, and premature rupture of membranes) and infant health problems (asthma/wheeze, autism, low birth weight, congenital heart defects, intellectual development, intrauterine growth restriction, miscarriage, neural tube defects, orofacial defects, and preterm birth). The primary goal of this paper is to review the research literature and propose evidence-based recommendations for the optimal level of prenatal supplementation for each vitamin for most women in the United States. A secondary goal was to compare these new recommendations with the levels of vitamins in over 180 commercial prenatal supplements. The analysis found that prenatal supplements vary widely in content, often contained only a subset of essential vitamins, and the levels were often below our recommendations. This suggests that increasing prenatal vitamin supplementation to the levels recommended here may reduce the incidence of many pregnancy complications and infant health problems which currently occur.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Maternal health, neonatology and perinatology"}}},"pageStart":"4","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40748-022-00139-9","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s40748-022-00139-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35818085"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/seeing-is-believing-arguing-for-diagnostic-laparoscopy-as-a-diagnostic-test-for--recn8b8wae2vf03vh/","name":"'Seeing is believing': arguing for diagnostic laparoscopy as a diagnostic test  for endometriosis","headline":"'Seeing is believing': arguing for diagnostic laparoscopy as a diagnostic test  for endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/seeing-is-believing-arguing-for-diagnostic-laparoscopy-as-a-diagnostic-test-for--recn8b8wae2vf03vh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jason Mak","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Acute Gynaecology, Early Pregnancy and Advanced Endosurgery Unit, Nepean Hospital, Sydney Medical School Nepean, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mathew Leonardi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5538-6906","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"George Condous","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2346-6850","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Sydney","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12"}}],"datePublished":"2022-07-08","abstract":"Endometriosis is a benign disease that can cause pain and infertility in women. Debate exists over how endometriosis should best be diagnosed. On one hand, endometriosis can be diagnosed by directly examining pelvic anatomy via a surgical procedure known as diagnostic laparoscopy. On the other hand, the disease can be diagnosed via non-surgical means such as using medical imaging, the symptoms described by the patient and whether the patient responds to non-surgical therapies such as medication. In this debate article, we argue in favour of diagnostic laparoscopy. We review the safety of the procedure, compare the ability of diagnostic laparoscopy vs medical imaging to detect endometriosis and consider the benefits of formally diagnosing or ruling out the condition.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproduction & Fertility"}}},"pageStart":"C23-C28","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1530/RAF-21-0117","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1530/RAF-21-0117"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35794928"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vitamin-d-and-miscarriage-a-systematic-review-and-metaanalysis-v4b3t0ak/","name":"Vitamin D and miscarriage: a systematic review and meta-analysis","headline":"Vitamin D and miscarriage: a systematic review and meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vitamin-d-and-miscarriage-a-systematic-review-and-metaanalysis-v4b3t0ak/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Tamblyn JA","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6551-3323"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilarski NSP","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0013-3968"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Markland AD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marson EJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Adam Devall","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5632-079X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Miscarriage Association","sameAs":"https://ror.org/011xqkf34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hewison M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5806-9690"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Morris RK","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1247-429X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arri Coomarasamy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3261-9807","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Birmingham Women’s and Children’s NHS Foundation Trust","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056ajev02"}}],"datePublished":"2022-07-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether a significant association between vitamin D status and the risk of miscarriage or recurrent miscarriage (RM) exists.\n\nDESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis.\n\nSETTING: Not applicable.\n\nPATIENT(S): Women with miscarriage and RM.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): We searched the Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from database inception to May 2021. Randomized and observational studies investigating the association between maternal vitamin D status and miscarriage and/or vitamin D treatment and miscarriage were included.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The primary outcome was miscarriage or RM, with vitamin D status used as the predictor of risk. Whether vitamin D treatment reduces the risk of miscarriage and RM was also assessed.\n\nRESULT(S): Of 902 studies identified, 10 (n = 7,663 women) were included: 4 randomized controlled trials (n = 666 women) and 6 observational studies (n = 6,997 women). Women diagnosed with vitamin D deficiency (<50 nmol/L) had an increased risk of miscarriage compared with women who were vitamin D replete (>75 nmol/L) (odds ratio, 1.94; 95% confidence interval, 1.25-3.02; 4 studies; n = 3,674; I2 = 18%). Combined analysis, including women who were vitamin D insufficient (50-75 nmol/L) and deficient (<50 nmol/L) compared with women who were replete (>75 nmol/L), found an association with miscarriage (odds ratio, 1.60; 95% confidence interval, 1.11-2.30; 6 studies; n = 6,338; I2 = 35%). Although 4 randomized controlled trials assessed the effect of vitamin D treatment on miscarriage, study heterogeneity, data quality, and reporting bias precluded direct comparison and meta-analysis. The overall study quality was \"low\" or \"very low\" using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations approach.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency are associated with miscarriage. Whether preconception treatment of vitamin D deficiency protects against pregnancy loss in women at risk of miscarriage remains unknown.\n\nREGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42021259899.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"118","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"111","pageEnd":"122","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2022.04.017","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2022.04.017"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35637024"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/access-to-fertility-care-in-geographically-underserved-populations-a-second-look-vplyhdgz/","name":"Access to Fertility Care in Geographically Underserved Populations, a Second Look","headline":"Access to Fertility Care in Geographically Underserved Populations, a Second Look","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/access-to-fertility-care-in-geographically-underserved-populations-a-second-look-vplyhdgz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Brodeur TY"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Grow D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Navid Esfandiari","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0979-5236","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Toronto Centre for Advanced Reproductive Technology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ; Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toron..."}}],"datePublished":"2022-07-01","abstract":"Infertility has a prevalence of up to 16% worldwide and is on the rise in developed nations, largely due to pursuing childbearing at advanced reproductive ages. Advances in assisted reproductive technology have benefitted socioeconomically advantaged patients disproportionately. High costs of fertility care are largely responsible for this disparity; however, patients in rural areas also face barriers in accessing both gynecology and reproductive endocrinology subspecialty care. Here, focusing on the USA, we discuss fertility care in geographically underserved areas and low-resource settings, and the impact on reproductive outcomes. Increased innovation to improve patient access to fertility care such as assisted reproductive technology is critical for ensuring equity. Remote monitoring is frequently performed by fertility centers, but partnership with local gynecologists has also been demonstrated to be an effective assisted reproductive technology monitoring method. Telehealth is now in mainstream use and the continued application to reduce geographic barriers to infertility patients is imperative. Partnership between local gynecologists and reproductive endocrinology and infertility specialists may improve patient access to fertility care and provide the unique benefits of continuity and ongoing local social support.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"29","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.)"}}},"pageStart":"1983","pageEnd":"1987","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43032-022-00991-2","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s43032-022-00991-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35680726"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/transcutaneous-electrical-neurostimulation-relieves-primary-dysmenorrhea-a-rando-b61zc91e/","name":"Transcutaneous electrical neurostimulation relieves primary dysmenorrhea: A randomized, double-blind clinical study versus placebo","headline":"Transcutaneous electrical neurostimulation relieves primary dysmenorrhea: A randomized, double-blind clinical study versus placebo","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/transcutaneous-electrical-neurostimulation-relieves-primary-dysmenorrhea-a-rando-b61zc91e/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Guy M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Foucher C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Juhel C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rigaudier F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mayeux G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Levesque A"}],"datePublished":"2022-07-01","abstract":"INTRODUCTION: This randomized, crossover, double-blind, controlled trial evaluates the efficacy and safety of a preprogrammed transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) device versus placebo (SHAM) in women with primary dysmenorrhea (PD).\n\nMATERIAL: Forty women suffering from significant dysmenorrhea requiring the use of analgesics and/or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs self-apply to the abdominal or lumbar region depending on the location of the pain, alternately according to randomization, the TENS device then the SHAM (dummy device) or conversely SHAM then TENS. The primary endpoint compares the evolution of pain intensity before and after application of TENS and SHAM. The speed of action, the persistence of the analgesic effect and the therapeutic savings are also evaluated. Adverse events (AEs) are collected.\n\nRESULTS: A statistically and clinically significant decrease in the pain of 53% (P<0.0001) is observed during the first 2 applications of TENS versus no analgesic effect (-5%, P=0.318) with SHAM. Over all 197 applications of TENS, the reduction of menstrual pain intensity by more than half is confirmed. The rapid relief, less than 20 minutes in 74% of cases, lasts on average more than 7 hours. A difference in analgesic consumption of -93% is observed in favor of TENS (P<0.01). Seven participants reported 10 non-serious AEs, 2 of which were possibly related to TENS.\n\nCONCLUSION: The TENS device tested represents a well-tolerated, rapidly and lastingly effective non-pharmacological analgesic solution, capable of replacing or being combined with analgesics in the management of PD.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Progres en urologie : journal de l'Association francaise d'urologie et de la Societe francaise d'urologie"}}},"pageStart":"487","pageEnd":"497","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.purol.2022.01.005","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.purol.2022.01.005"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35249825"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chronic-endometritis-a-prevalent-yet-poorly-understood-entity-dei8bphx/","name":"Chronic endometritis: A prevalent yet poorly understood entity","headline":"Chronic endometritis: A prevalent yet poorly understood entity","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chronic-endometritis-a-prevalent-yet-poorly-understood-entity-dei8bphx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Margulies SL","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5731-3740"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Flores V","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7632-439X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Parkash V","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8880-9108"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pal L","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9900-9392"}],"datePublished":"2022-07-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To examine the prevalent understanding of and management approaches to chronic endometritis among obstetricians/gynecologists.\n\nMETHODS: In a cross-sectional observational study, 262 members of national and international professional obstetrician/gynecologist societies were surveyed via anonymous electronic survey that investigated knowledge of the pathophysiology, diagnostic criteria, clinical implications, and treatment strategies for chronic endometritis. Statistical analyses of results were performed using Fisher's exact tests, chi square tests and odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. A two-sided P < 0.05 was deemed statistically significant.\n\nRESULTS: Responses identified a concerning spectrum of deficiencies in the understanding of the pathophysiology of chronic endometritis, in awareness of clinical presentation of chronic endometritis, and in the understanding of methodology/ies that allow diagnosis of chronic endometritis. Heterogeneities in management approaches to chronic endometritis were apparent.\n\nCONCLUSION: Our findings underscore a need for targeted efforts to gain clarity on chronic endometritis and to establish evidence-based consensus for good clinical practice. In the absence of a clear understanding of chronic endometritis diagnosis, we posit that the prevalent inconsistencies are likely inflicting unquantified and underappreciated burdens on patients and healthcare systems. We propose consideration for a task force to examine existing literature and create standards for good practice for a prevalent condition.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"158","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics"}}},"pageStart":"194","pageEnd":"200","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijgo.13962","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/ijgo.13962"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34605024"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/active-folate-versus-folic-acid-the-role-of-5mthf-methylfolate-in-human-health-tzly26cp/","name":"Active Folate Versus Folic Acid: The Role of 5-MTHF (Methylfolate) in Human Health","headline":"Active Folate Versus Folic Acid: The Role of 5-MTHF (Methylfolate) in Human Health","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/active-folate-versus-folic-acid-the-role-of-5mthf-methylfolate-in-human-health-tzly26cp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Carboni L"}],"datePublished":"2022-07-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Integrative medicine (Encinitas, Calif.)"}}},"pageStart":"36","pageEnd":"41","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35999905"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/male-infertility-increases-the-risk-of-cardiovascular-diseases-a-nationwide-popu-uflcnwuk/","name":"Male Infertility Increases the Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study in Taiwan","headline":"Male Infertility Increases the Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study in Taiwan","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/male-infertility-increases-the-risk-of-cardiovascular-diseases-a-nationwide-popu-uflcnwuk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Chen PC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yin Ju Chen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047sbcx71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chueh-Ko Yang","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Changhua Christian Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05d9dtr71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tan Lin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7694-1526","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fujian Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/050s6ns64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chang-Chang Huang","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059cjpv64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chung CH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sun CA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chien CW"}],"datePublished":"2022-07-01","abstract":"PURPOSE: Some evidence suggests that male infertility increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, the evidence in Asian populations is relatively scarce. The aim of this study is to determine whether male infertility increases the risk of CVDs.\n\nMATERIALS AND METHODS: We used inpatient and outpatient data for the years 2000 to 2015 from the Taiwanese Longitudinal Health Insurance Database. We enrolled 7,016 males over 18 years old and diagnosed with male infertility. Of these, 2,326 matched our inclusion criteria and were assigned to the study group. For each infertility patient, four comparison patients were frequency-matched by age and index date to form a control cohort comprising 9,304 patients. Cox proportional hazards analysis was used to estimate the association between male infertility and CVDs.\n\nRESULTS: After a 15-year follow-up, the incidence rate of CVDs was higher in the infertility group than the control group (1,460.23 and 1,073.70 per 100,000 person-years, respectively). The Cox proportional hazards regression analysis revealed that the adjusted HR for CVDs was 1.472 for the infertility group (95% CI, 1.288-1.683; p<0.001) relative to the control group. The Kaplan-Meier analysis of the cumulative incidence of CVDs in the two groups showed that the cumulative risk curve for CVDs was significantly higher for the infertility group than the control group.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: This study shows that men with infertility have a higher risk of developing incident CVDs. In the future, healthcare providers should pay attention to these patients because of their higher health risks.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"40","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The world journal of men's health"}}},"pageStart":"490","pageEnd":"500","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.5534/wjmh.210098","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.5534/wjmh.210098"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35021296"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-2022-hormone-therapy-position-statement-of-the-north-american-menopause-soci-vlqzzgxu/","name":"The 2022 hormone therapy position statement of The North American Menopause Society","headline":"The 2022 hormone therapy position statement of The North American Menopause Society","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-2022-hormone-therapy-position-statement-of-the-north-american-menopause-soci-vlqzzgxu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"“The 2022 Hormone Therapy Position Statement of The North American Menopause Society” Advisory Panel"}],"datePublished":"2022-07-01","abstract":"\"The 2022 Hormone Therapy Position Statement of The North American Menopause Society\" (NAMS) updates \"The 2017 Hormone Therapy Position Statement of The North American Menopause Society\" and identifies future research needs. An Advisory Panel of clinicians and researchers expert in the field of women's health and menopause was recruited by NAMS to review the 2017 Position Statement, evaluate new literature, assess the evidence, and reach consensus on recommendations, using the level of evidence to identify the strength of recommendations and the quality of the evidence. The Advisory Panel's recommendations were reviewed and approved by the NAMS Board of Trustees.Hormone therapy remains the most effective treatment for vasomotor symptoms (VMS) and the genitourinary syndrome of menopause and has been shown to prevent bone loss and fracture. The risks of hormone therapy differ depending on type, dose, duration of use, route of administration, timing of initiation, and whether a progestogen is used. Treatment should be individualized using the best available evidence to maximize benefits and minimize risks, with periodic reevaluation of the benefits and risks of continuing therapy.For women aged younger than 60 years or who are within 10 years of menopause onset and have no contraindications, the benefit-risk ratio is favorable for treatment of bothersome VMS and prevention of bone loss. For women who initiate hormone therapy more than 10 years from menopause onset or who are aged older than 60 years, the benefit-risk ratio appears less favorable because of the greater absolute risks of coronary heart disease, stroke, venous thromboembolism, and dementia. Longer durations of therapy should be for documented indications such as persistent VMS, with shared decision-making and periodic reevaluation. For bothersome genitourinary syndrome of menopause symptoms not relieved with over-the-counter therapies in women without indications for use of systemic hormone therapy, low-dose vaginal estrogen therapy or other therapies (eg, vaginal dehydroepiandrosterone or oral ospemifene) are recommended.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"29","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Menopause (New York, N.Y.)"}}},"pageStart":"767","pageEnd":"794","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1097/GME.0000000000002028","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/GME.0000000000002028"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35797481"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/httpswwwscivisionpubcompdfsmaximizing-correction-of-infertility-with-moderate-to-marked-diminished-egg-reserve-in-natural-cycles-by-upregulating-follicle-sti-2325pdf-reczgcgvglwmcschj/","name":"Evaluation of Sperm Selection Technique Using Hyaluronic Acid Binding During Icsi; a Randomized Controlled Trial","headline":"Evaluation of Sperm Selection Technique Using Hyaluronic Acid Binding During Icsi; a Randomized Controlled Trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/httpswwwscivisionpubcompdfsmaximizing-correction-of-infertility-with-moderate-to-marked-diminished-egg-reserve-in-natural-cycles-by-upregulating-follicle-sti-2325pdf-reczgcgvglwmcschj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"MA B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Behery MA","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1108-3230","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Al-Azhar University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05fnp1145"}}],"datePublished":"2022-06-30","abstract":"In-vitro sperm selection for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (Physiological ICSI or PICSI) is crucial as it has a direct influence on the paternal contribution of preimplantation embryogenesis. Men with oligozoospermia who require ICSI often demonstrate compromised DNA integrity and increased chromosomal aberrations of the sperms in their semen. Studies have shown that embryos resulting from ICSI in those men have higher risk of sex chromosome disomies, chromosomal aneuploidies, de novo numerical chromosomal aberrations and cytogenetically detectable structural chromosomal aberrations. Although the primary candidates for ICSI are oligozoospermic men, there is an increase in the use of ICSI; therefore, more couples are potentially exposed to those potential risks.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences"}}},"pageStart":"01","pageEnd":"07","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2578-8965/121","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.31579/2578-8965/121"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/low-luteal-serum-progesterone-levels-are-associated-with-lower-ongoing-pregnancy-recmz3sotgjor2hbj/","name":"Low Luteal Serum Progesterone Levels Are Associated With Lower Ongoing Pregnancy  and Live Birth Rates in ART: Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses","headline":"Low Luteal Serum Progesterone Levels Are Associated With Lower Ongoing Pregnancy  and Live Birth Rates in ART: Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/low-luteal-serum-progesterone-levels-are-associated-with-lower-ongoing-pregnancy-recmz3sotgjor2hbj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Noemie Ranisavljevic","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1956-8571","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université de Montpellier","sameAs":"https://ror.org/051escj72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephanie Huberlant","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4349-6168","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0275ye937"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Isabelle Cédrin‐Durnerin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3166-8014","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Jean-Verdier","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04pag4b70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pierre-Marie Alonzo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Gedeon Richter France, Paris, France."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tal Anahory","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université de Montpellier","sameAs":"https://ror.org/051escj72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bernadette Darné","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Maison des Sciences de l'Homme","sameAs":"https://ror.org/022y5bk62"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Solène Languille","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Maison des Sciences de l'Homme","sameAs":"https://ror.org/022y5bk62"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marie Montagut","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Human Reproduction-Institut Francophone de Recherche Et d'études Appliquées à la Reproduction Et Sexologie (IFREARES), Clinique Saint Jean du Languedoc, Toulouse, France."}}],"datePublished":"2022-06-28","abstract":"Progesterone plays a key role in implantation. Several studies reported that lower luteal progesterone levels might be related to decreased chances of pregnancy. This systematic review was conducted using appropriate key words, on MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library, from 1990 up to March 2021 to assess if luteal serum progesterone levels are associated with ongoing pregnancy (OP) and live birth (LB) rates (primary outcomes) and miscarriage rate (secondary outcome), according to the number of corpora lutea (CLs). Overall 2,632 non-duplicate records were identified, of which 32 relevant studies were available for quantitative analysis. In artificial cycles with no CL, OP and LB rates were significantly decreased when the luteal progesterone level falls below a certain threshold (risk ratio [RR] 0.72; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.62-0.84 and 0.73; 95% CI 0.59-0.90, respectively), while the miscarriage rate was increased (RR 1.48; 95% CI 1.17-1.86). In stimulated cycles with several CLs, the mean luteal progesterone level in the no OP and no LB groups was significantly lower than in the OP and LB groups [difference in means 68.8 (95% CI 45.6-92.0) and 272.4 (95% CI 10.8-533.9), ng/ml, respectively]. Monitoring luteal serum progesterone levels could help in individualizing progesterone administration to enhance OP and LB rates, especially in cycles without corpus luteum. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=139019, identifier 139019.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology"}},"pageStart":"892753","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.892753","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fendo.2022.892753"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35757393"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/robot-assisted-laparoscopy-repair-of-uterine-isthmocele-a-two-center-observation-recvyykh9qrjlusua/","name":"Robot-assisted laparoscopy repair of uterine isthmocele: A two-center  observational study","headline":"Robot-assisted laparoscopy repair of uterine isthmocele: A two-center  observational study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/robot-assisted-laparoscopy-repair-of-uterine-isthmocele-a-two-center-observation-recvyykh9qrjlusua/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Claire Cardaillac","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4477-1424","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c1qsg97"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Caroline Salmon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8249-4910","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cytoskeleton (United States)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ent1n34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vincent Lavoue","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4682-2806","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université de Rennes","sameAs":"https://ror.org/015m7wh34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Krystel Nyangoh Timoh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4751-9080","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05qec5a53"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nyangoh Timoh K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thibault Thubert","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4169-7241","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Paris Cité","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05f82e368"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pauline Gueudry","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nantes Université","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03gnr7b55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Edouard Vaucel","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nantes Université","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03gnr7b55"}}],"datePublished":"2022-06-25","abstract":"Objective: To analyze outcomes and postoperative complications in patients undergoing robot-assisted isthmocele repair. METHOD: This retrospective cohort study included 33 patients who had robot-assisted laparoscopic surgical management of an isthmocele between September 2013 and August 2020 in two French university hospitals. All charts were reviewed to identify patient characteristics, preoperative and postoperative anatomical findings, complications, and postoperative fertility and symptoms. Patients who had undergone this procedure were asked to complete a telephone questionnaire about their treatment satisfaction and symptoms.\n\nResults: The isthmocele was discovered most often as a result of subfertility (57.6%), but also ectopic pregnancy (18.2%), pelvic pain (15.2%), and postmenstrual bleeding (9.1%). Robot-assisted repair of the isthmocele significantly improved myometrial thickness (from 1.55 mm before surgery to 4.26 mm after surgery [mean difference 2.71; 95% confidence interval, 1.91-3.51], P = 0.0005). Among 20 patients who still desired a child after surgery, 15 became pregnant and 14 had full-term live births. Among the nine patients who had surgery for disabling symptoms, five had no persistent symptoms, three reported global improvement, and one had the same gynecologic discomfort. Seventeen patients agreed to complete the questionnaires (51.5%), and all stated that they would choose to have this surgery again.\n\nConclusion: Robot-assisted repair of an isthmocele is a viable minimally invasive procedure.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"160","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: the Official Organ of the  International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics"}}},"pageStart":"244","pageEnd":"248","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijgo.14319","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/ijgo.14319"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35749544"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/successful-pregnancy-with-restorative-reproductive-medicine-after-16-years-of-in-recismo1fzymsx9jo/","name":"Successful pregnancy with restorative reproductive medicine after 16 years of infertility, three recurrent miscarriages, and eight unsuccessful embryo transfers with in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection: a case report","headline":"Successful pregnancy with restorative reproductive medicine after 16 years of infertility, three recurrent miscarriages, and eight unsuccessful embryo transfers with in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection: a case report","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/successful-pregnancy-with-restorative-reproductive-medicine-after-16-years-of-in-recismo1fzymsx9jo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Phil C Boyle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2555-6294","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NeoFertility Clinic, Suite 7, 1st Floor, Beacon Mall, Sandyford, Dublin 18, Ireland. Phil.Boyle@NeoFertility.ie."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ivana Zecevic","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NeoFertility, Zagreb, Croatia."}}],"datePublished":"2022-06-22","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Restorative reproductive medicine represents a comprehensive approach to subfertility (infertility and miscarriage) with investigations, diagnoses, and treatments combined with fertility charting to restore optimal reproductive function. Restorative reproductive medicine assumes that multiple factors need to be identified and treated (cycle optimization) for up to 12 cycles to achieve a successful pregnancy. Conception can occur during normal intercourse without intrauterine insemination or in vitro fertilization.\n\nCASE PRESENTATION: A 35-year-old Croatian female presented for fertility treatment in May 2019 with a previous diagnosis of polycystic ovaries, infertility of 16 years duration, and 8 unsuccessful embryo transfers with in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection. She was gravida 3 para 0, with 2 miscarriages after spontaneous conception at 5-6 weeks gestation in 2002 and 2004, followed by a miscarriage after in vitro fertilization at 12 weeks gestation in 2011. We initially found poor follicle function and suboptimal progesterone levels. Restorative reproductive medicine treatment resulted in conception after two cycles of treatment. This pregnancy ended in miscarriage at 7 weeks 4 days. Additional investigations found a balanced Robertsonian translocation (13, 14) and a uterine septum. We achieved repeat fertilization with restorative reproductive medicine after three cycles of treatment following resection of the uterine septum and ovulation induction with letrozole and human chorionic gonadotrophin. She had a full-term healthy pregnancy and live birth in 2021.\n\nCONCLUSION: We propose that a full evaluation of underlying factors, and up to 12 cycles of cycle optimization, should be offered to subfertile patients before considering in vitro fertilization treatment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Medical Case Reports"}}},"pageStart":"246","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1186/s13256-022-03465-w","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q140366012"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s13256-022-03465-w"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35729591"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q140366012"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstrual-cycle-parameters-are-not-significantly-different-after-covid-19-vaccin-recbhxkimbmilkysa/","name":"Menstrual Cycle Parameters Are Not Significantly Different After COVID-19  Vaccination","headline":"Menstrual Cycle Parameters Are Not Significantly Different After COVID-19  Vaccination","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstrual-cycle-parameters-are-not-significantly-different-after-covid-19-vaccin-recbhxkimbmilkysa/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Schneider","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8090-4971","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas P Bouchard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5774-0286","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Calgary","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael D Manhart","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1727-1846","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"RTI International","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052tfza37"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Madeline Schmidt","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2182-4263","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}}],"datePublished":"2022-06-21","abstract":"Background: Some studies have suggested minor changes in the menstrual cycle after COVID-19 vaccination, but more detailed analyses of the menstrual cycle are needed to evaluate more specific changes in the menstrual cycle that are not affected by survey-based recall bias.\n\nMaterials and Methods: Using a pretest-post-test quasi-experimental evaluation of menstrual cycle parameters before and after COVID-19 vaccination, we conducted an anonymous online survey of two groups of North American women who prospectively monitor their menstrual cycle parameters daily including bleeding patterns, urinary hormone levels using the ClearBlue Fertility Monitor, or cervical mucus observations. The primary outcome measures were cycle length, length of menses, menstrual volume, estimated day of ovulation (EDO), luteal phase length, and signs of ovulation. Perceived (subjective) menstrual cycle changes and stressors were also evaluated in this study as secondary outcome measures.\n\nResults: Of the 279 women who initiated the survey, 76 met the inclusion criteria and provided 588 cycles for analysis (227 pre-vaccine cycles, 145 vaccine cycles, 216 post-vaccine cycles). Although 22% of women subjectively identified changes in their menstrual cycle, there were no significant differences in menstrual cycle parameters (cycle length, length of menses, EOD, and luteal phase length) between the pre-vaccine, vaccine, and post-vaccine cycles.\n\nConclusions: COVID-19 vaccines were not associated with significant changes in menstrual cycle parameters. Perceived changes by an individual woman must be compared with statistical changes to avoid confirmation bias.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"31","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Women's Health (2002)"}}},"pageStart":"1097","pageEnd":"1102","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2022.0097","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1089/jwh.2022.0097"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35723654"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effectiveness-of-fertility-awareness-based-methods-for-pregnancy-prevention-duri-rec6achur7e8tcalr/","name":"Effectiveness of fertility awareness-based methods for pregnancy prevention  during the postpartum period","headline":"Effectiveness of fertility awareness-based methods for pregnancy prevention  during the postpartum period","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effectiveness-of-fertility-awareness-based-methods-for-pregnancy-prevention-duri-rec6achur7e8tcalr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Elizabeth T Jensen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2704-6634","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Margaret E Greene","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9370-5506","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"GreeneWorks, Washington DC, United States."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emily Kennedy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6320-9686","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"James J Redmond","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4502-5220","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rachel Peragallo Urrutia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1398-5123","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}}],"datePublished":"2022-06-19","abstract":"Objectives: To summarize the evidence on typical and perfect-use effectiveness of fertility awareness-based methods for avoiding pregnancy during the postpartum period, whether breastfeeding or not.\n\nStudy Design: We conducted a systematic review of studies published in English, Spanish, French, or German by November 2021 in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Abstract and full text reviews were completed by 2 independent reviewers. Study inclusion: at least 50 subjects who enrolled prior to experiencing 3 cycles after childbirth and were using a specific fertility awareness-based method to avoid pregnancy; unintended pregnancy rate or probability calculated; postpartum amenorrheic and postpartum cycling individuals analyzed separately; and prospectively measured pregnancy intentions and outcomes. Outcomes were abstracted and study quality was systematically assessed by 2 independent investigators.\n\nResults: Four studies provided effectiveness data for 1 specific fertility awareness-based method among postpartum individuals. Of these, there were zero high quality, 1 moderate quality, and 3 low quality for our question of interest. Typical-use pregnancy probability for the first 6 cycles postpartum for Marquette Method users was 12.0 per 100 women years (standard error [SE] not reported) and for Billings Ovulation Method users ranged from 9.1 (SE 3.9) for non-lactating women <30 years old to 26.8 (SE 4.6) for lactating women <30 years old. Typical-use pregnancy probabilities for the first 6 months post-first menses for the Postpartum Bridge to Standard Days Method users was 11.8 (95% confidence interval 6.01-17.16) and for Billings Ovulation Method users was 8.5 per 100 women (SE 1.7).\n\nConclusion: The current evidence on the effectiveness of each fertility awareness-based method for postpartum persons is very limited and of mostly low quality. More high quality studies on the effectiveness of fertility awareness-based method in postpartum persons are needed to inform clinical counseling and patient-centered decision-making.\nImplications: Although postpartum individuals may desire to use fertility awareness-based methods to avoid pregnancy, the evidence of the effectiveness of fertility awareness-based methods in this population is limited. More high-quality studies are needed to inform shared decision-making.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"114","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}},"pageStart":"32","pageEnd":"40","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2022.06.007","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q140384320"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.contraception.2022.06.007"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35716805"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q140384320"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/analysis-of-risk-factors-associated-with-breast-cancer-in-women-a-systematic-rev-recfkcogve9ddpkuk/","name":"Analysis of risk factors associated with breast cancer in women: a systematic  review and meta-analysis","headline":"Analysis of risk factors associated with breast cancer in women: a systematic  review and meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/analysis-of-risk-factors-associated-with-breast-cancer-in-women-a-systematic-rev-recfkcogve9ddpkuk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hua Liu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6084-2769","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanxi Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0265d1010"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jinnan Gao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1545-6305","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanxi Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0265d1010"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jun Guo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1655-7383","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04tshhm50"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Meiling Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7536-160X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhengzhou University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04ypx8c21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Liang Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1461-0438"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Suling Shi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035zbbv42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lina Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5690-5365","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wadsworth Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/050kf9c55"}}],"datePublished":"2022-06-17","abstract":"Background: The aim of the present study was to explore the risk factors and protective factors related to breast cancer onset in women, but there is still a big debate in this respect. Therefore, it is necessary to systematically review the risk factors induced by breast cancer by using meta methods to guide clinical prevention and treatment.\n\nMethods: Studies on factors related to breast cancer onset in Chinese women were retrieved from articles from Chinese, international databases published and organizations and websites, and registers from January 2014 to January 2021. Articles were independently screened, extracted, and evaluated for quality by 2 researchers. The Cochrane Collaboration Center provided Review Manger 5.2 software [Cochrane Information Management System (IMS)] for statistical analysis, and the risk ratio of dichotic variables was adopted.\n\nResults: History of benign breast disease [odds ratio (OR) 1.03, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.95-1.12, P=0.42], family history of breast cancer (OR: 2.02, 95% CI: 1.83-2.23, P<0.00001), menopause onset >50 years of age (OR: 1.78, 95% CI: 1.62-1.95, P<0.00001), and use of oral contraceptives (OR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.02-1.32, P=0.02) were found to be breast cancer risk factors. The number of term pregnancies (OR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.66-0.97, P=0.03) and breastfeeding (OR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.74-0.96, P=0.01) were found to be protective factors for breast cancer.\n\nConclusions: In order to control the occurrence of breast cancer, effective measures should be taken to effectively avoid related risk factors, and breastfeeding and high-risk population screening should be advocated.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Translational Cancer Research"}}},"pageStart":"1344","pageEnd":"1353","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tcr-22-193","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.21037/tcr-22-193"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35706783"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-medication-on-serum-anti-müllerian-hormone-amh-levels-in-women-of--recvks3d2xwazrekz/","name":"The effect of medication on serum anti-müllerian hormone (AMH) levels in women of  reproductive age: a meta-analysis","headline":"The effect of medication on serum anti-müllerian hormone (AMH) levels in women of  reproductive age: a meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-medication-on-serum-anti-müllerian-hormone-amh-levels-in-women-of--recvks3d2xwazrekz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Wei-Wei Yin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-6186","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059cjpv64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chen YR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yu DQ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Min Jin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0753-9992","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059cjpv64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chun Feng","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3753-4634","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059cjpv64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yiqing Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6870-4202","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chang-Chang Huang","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059cjpv64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Di Yu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4118-2763","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"}}],"datePublished":"2022-06-14","abstract":"Objective: The study aims to address whether serum anti-müllerian hormone (AMH) levels fluctuate in the short term after medication application, including oral contraceptives (OCs), metformin (MET), Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), vitamin D (VD), clomiphene citrate (CC), and letrozole (LET).\n\nMethods: Published literature from PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane central was retrieved up until 19 September 2021. A total of 51 self-control studies with an average Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale (NOS) score of 6.90 were analyzed. The extracted data were entered into Stata software, and the weighted mean difference/standardized mean difference (WMD/SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used for data analysis.\n\nResults: After OCs treatment the AMH level showed a significant decline in women with normal ovarian function, which was significant within 3 months (WMD = -1.43, 95% CI: -2.05 to -0.80, P < 0.00001). After MET treatment, the serum AMH decreased in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients (WMD = -1.79, 95% CI: -2.32 to -1.26, P < 0.00001), in both obese and non-obese patients. GnRH-a treatment in endometriosis patients led to dynamic changes in the serum AMH levels, that is, ascent at 1 month (P = 0.05), and descent at 3 months (P = 0.02). After DHEA treatment the serum AMH increased in diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) / poor ovarian response (POR) patients (WMD = 0.18, 95% CI: 0.09 to 0.27, P < 0.0001). After VD treatment the serum AMH increased, and it was obvious in non-PCOS patients (WMD = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.34 to 1.21, P = 0.0004). After CC treatment the serum AMH decreased significantly in PCOS patients, specifically in non-obese patients (WMD = -1.24, 95% CI: -1.87 to -0.61, P = 0.0001).\n\nConclusions: Serum AMH levels may be affected in the short term after drug application. Specifically, OC, MET and CC lead to decreased AMH level, DHEA and VD lead to increased AMH level, and GnRH-a leads to dynamic variation, which is correlated with PCOS, obesity, age, and duration of medication. The impacts of these medications should be taken into consideration when AMH is used as a marker of ovarian reserve.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders"}}},"pageStart":"158","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12902-022-01065-9","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s12902-022-01065-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35698127"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-covid19-pandemic-and-the-menstrual-cycle-research-gaps-and-opportunities-ydgibkpg/","name":"The COVID-19 pandemic and the menstrual cycle: research gaps and opportunities","headline":"The COVID-19 pandemic and the menstrual cycle: research gaps and opportunities","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-covid19-pandemic-and-the-menstrual-cycle-research-gaps-and-opportunities-ydgibkpg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sharp GC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alison Fraser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6825-0625","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Huntsman Cancer Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03v7tx966"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sawyer G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kountourides G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Easey KE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ford G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Olszewska Z"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Howe LD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Debbie A. Lawlor","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6793-2262","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bristol","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0524sp257"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alvergne A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maybin JA"}],"datePublished":"2022-06-13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"51","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International journal of epidemiology"}}},"pageStart":"691","pageEnd":"700","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyab239","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/ije/dyab239"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34865021"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-awareness-based-methods-for-womens-health-and-family-planning-recjfqhphhf1iyfgd/","name":"Fertility Awareness-Based Methods for Women's Health and Family Planning","headline":"Fertility Awareness-Based Methods for Women's Health and Family Planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-awareness-based-methods-for-womens-health-and-family-planning-recjfqhphhf1iyfgd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christina A Porucznik","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1973-2917","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marguerite Duane","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duquesne University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02336z538"}}],"datePublished":"2022-06-11","abstract":"Background: Fertility awareness-based methods (FABMs) educate about reproductive health and enable tracking and interpretation of physical signs, such as cervical fluid secretions and basal body temperature, which reflect the hormonal changes women experience on a cyclical basis during the years of ovarian activity. Some methods measure relevant hormone levels directly. Most FABMs allow women to identify ovulation and track this \"vital sign\" of the menstrual or female reproductive cycle, through daily observations recorded on cycle charts (paper or electronic). APPLICATIONS: Physicians can use the information from FABM charts to guide the diagnosis and management of medical conditions and to support or restore healthy function of the reproductive and endocrine systems, using a restorative reproductive medical (RRM) approach. FABMs can also be used by couples to achieve or avoid pregnancy and may be most effective when taught by a trained instructor. CHALLENGES: Information about individual FABMs is rarely provided in medical education. Outdated information is widespread both in training programs and in the public sphere. Obtaining accurate information about FABMs is further complicated by the numerous period tracking or fertility apps available, because very few of these apps have evidence to support their effectiveness for identifying the fertile window, for achieving or preventing pregnancy.\n\nConclusions: This article provides an overview of different types of FABMs with a published evidence base, apps and resources for learning and using FABMs, the role FABMs can play in medical evaluation and management, and the effectiveness of FABMs for family planning, both to achieve or to avoid pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Medicine"}},"pageStart":"858977","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.858977","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fmed.2022.858977"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35685421"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chronic-stress-and-ovulatory-dysfunction-implications-in-times-of-covid-19-recsiglxwvfqczh0j/","name":"Chronic Stress and Ovulatory Dysfunction: Implications in Times of COVID-19","headline":"Chronic Stress and Ovulatory Dysfunction: Implications in Times of COVID-19","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chronic-stress-and-ovulatory-dysfunction-implications-in-times-of-covid-19-recsiglxwvfqczh0j/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jaime Meléndez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9896-2547","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Secretaría de Educación Pública"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hugo Soto","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5741-229X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"San Sebastián University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04jrwm652"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Grace Petkovic","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4588-6792","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Arrowe Park Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00mp5cm68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yanara A Bernal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9568-0675","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Reproductive Health Research Institute, Santiago, Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x0xhn70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Santiago Molina","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3405-1650","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tallahassee Community College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01skvfg56"}}],"datePublished":"2022-06-10","abstract":"Stress is known to be associated with adverse health outcomes. The COVID-19 pandemic and its associated lockdowns are examples of chronic stressors. Lockdown measures inadvertently caused significant psychological distress and became a powerful source of anxiety/stress, sleep disturbances, nutritional changes and weight gain. Stress is known to impact women's health specifically, through hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis dysfunction and resultant ovulatory dysfunction. Such dysfunction may manifest in menstrual irregularities and/or infertility due to hypothalamic hypogonadism. Here, we review the key physiological mediators of stress and associated ovulatory dysfunction. The kisspeptinergic system is comprised of sets of neurons located in the hypothalamus, the rostral periventricular region of the third ventricle (RP3V) and the arcuate nucleus (ARC). This system links nutrition, reproductive signals and stress. It plays a key role in the function of the HPG axis. During chronic stress, the kisspeptinergic system affects the HPG axis, GnRH pulsatility, and, therefore, ovulation. Leptin, insulin and corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) are thought to be additional key modulators in the behavioral responses to chronic stress and may contribute to stress-related ovulatory dysfunction. This mini-review also summarizes and appraises the available evidence on the negative impact of chronic stress as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns. It proposes physiological mechanisms to explain the observed effects on women's reproductive health and well-being. The review suggests areas for future research.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Global Women's Health"}},"pageStart":"866104","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fgwh.2022.866104","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fgwh.2022.866104"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35677754"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/is-there-still-a-place-for-reconstructive-surgery-in-distal-tubal-disease-8xn8anl6/","name":"Is There Still a Place for Reconstructive Surgery in Distal Tubal Disease?","headline":"Is There Still a Place for Reconstructive Surgery in Distal Tubal Disease?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/is-there-still-a-place-for-reconstructive-surgery-in-distal-tubal-disease-8xn8anl6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Obrzut B","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1293-1860"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Obrzut M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1502-4254"}],"datePublished":"2022-06-08","abstract":"Tubal diseases account for 25-40% of female factor infertility. Mainly, they involve the distal part of the fallopian tube, and hydrosalpinx is the most severe manifestation. Usually, the management decision is made between reconstructive surgery and ART, depending on the severity of the tubal damage, patient age, ovarian reserve, and seminogram, as well as financial, religious, ethical, and psychological factors. Estimated live-birth rates after corrective surgery range from 9% to 69%. The success rate of IVF is about 30% live-birth rate per cycle initiated in women across all ages with tubal factor infertility. Surgery offers a long-term cure and patients may attempt conception many times but are burdened with perioperative adverse events. IVF bypasses potential complications of operative treatment; however, this has its own unique risks. The effectiveness of reconstructive surgery versus ART has not been adequately evaluated. The success of fertility management depends on a thorough interpretation of existing data and careful patient selection. The presented review provides updates on the most recent progress in this area.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of clinical medicine"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11123278","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/jcm11123278"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35743348"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/changes-in-the-prevalence-of-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-in-china-over-the-past-de-recseorciymzhcfde/","name":"Changes in the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome in China over the past  decade","headline":"Changes in the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome in China over the past  decade","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/changes-in-the-prevalence-of-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-in-china-over-the-past-de-recseorciymzhcfde/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yang R, Li Q, Zhou Z, Qian W, Zhang J, Wu Z, Jin L, Wu X, Zhang C, Zheng B, Tan J, Hao G, Li S, Tian T, Hao Y, Zheng D, Wang Y, Norman RJ, Li R, Liu P, Qiao J"}],"datePublished":"2022-06-08","abstract":"Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has become a major international public health concern. However, because of controversy about the diagnostic criteria and patient selection, estimates of its absolute prevalence and change with time vary greatly.\n\nMethods: We conducted two consecutive nationwide epidemiological surveys of the prevalence of PCOS in representative samples of reproductive-aged women in China in 2010 and 2020. Face-to-face interviews were performed by trained interviewers in each survey. All participants completed a questionnaire and underwent a physical examination, blood sampling, and transvaginal pelvic ultrasound. We assessed hyperandrogenism (H), chronic anovulation (O), and polycystic ovaries (P) to classify the presence of PCOS using the Rotterdam criteria. The prevalence of PCOS among reproductive-aged women was estimated after consideration of differential probabilities of selection and population distribution. We conducted a logistic regression analysis by using the probability of PCOS as a function of the survey year to acquire the trend information across the years.\n\nFindings: 28,739 respondents completed the survey, including 15,924 in the previously published 2010 survey and 12,815 in the new 2020 survey. In 2020, 826 participants could be diagnosed as having PCOS, with a weighted prevalence of 7.8% (95%CI: 7.0%, 9.0%) among women aged 20-49 years, leading to an estimate of 24.0 million women of reproductive age affected by this condition in China as a whole. The estimated prevalence in 2020 was higher than that of a decade ago despite identical research methods suggesting a two-thirds increase over the study period. Women with PCOS in 2020 also appeared to have a more severe phenotype overall than those of a decade ago, possibly reflecting a significantly higher prevalence of obesity, hyperandrogenism, and infertility.\n\nInterpretation: The prevalence of PCOS in Chinese women has increased significantly over the past 10 years. PCOS is a significant public health problem in women of reproductive age in China and national policy and guidelines should be re-examined in the light of the current data.\n\nFunding: National Key R&D Program of China and the National Natural Science Foundation of China.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"25","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Lancet Regional Health. Western Pacific"}},"pageStart":"100494","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanwpc.2022.100494","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q113351796"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.lanwpc.2022.100494"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35669932"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q113351796"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/art-in-europe-2018-results-generated-from-european-registries-by-eshre-arw5r27c/","name":"ART in Europe, 2018: results generated from European registries by ESHRE","headline":"ART in Europe, 2018: results generated from European registries by ESHRE","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/art-in-europe-2018-results-generated-from-european-registries-by-eshre-arw5r27c/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine Wyns","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6581-5003","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03s4khd80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christian De Geyter","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0889-6310","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Basel","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02s6k3f65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carlos Calhaz-Jorge","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2941-113X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nuffield Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01w2zd907"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kupka MS","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6559-0580"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Motrenko T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Smeenk","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3053-0358","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00q6h8f30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Bergh","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sahlgrenska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vgqjj36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tandler-Schneider A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ioana Rugescu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1104-6269","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Romanian Space Agency","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05r48bj28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Goossens V; European IVF-monitoring Consortium (EIM); European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE)"}],"datePublished":"2022-06-07","abstract":"---\ntitle: \"ART in Europe, 2018: results generated from European registries by ESHRE\"\nsource_file: \"eshre-eim-2018-source.pdf\"\njournal: \"Human Reproduction Open\"\nvolume_pages: \"pp. 1–20, 2022\"\ndoi: \"https://doi.org/10.1093/hropen/hoac022\"\nauthors: \"Wyns C, De Geyter C, Calhaz-Jorge C, Kupka MS, Motrenko T, Smeenk J, Bergh C, Tandler-Schneider A, Rugescu IA, Goossens V\"\npages: 20\nextracted_date: \"2026-04-24\"\nfigures_extracted: 9\ntables_extracted: 5\nreview_flags: 0\n---\n---\ntitle: \"ART in Europe, 2018: results generated from European registries by ESHRE\"\njournal: \"Human Reproduction Open\"\npages: \"1–20, 2022\"\ndoi: \"https://doi.org/10.1093/hropen/hoac022\"\n---","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction Open"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hropen/hoac022","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/hropen/hoac022"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35795850"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comprehensive-guidance-for-human-embryology-andrology-and-endocrinology-laborato-oa7cuxyx/","name":"Comprehensive guidance for human embryology, andrology, and endocrinology laboratories: management and operations: a committee opinion","headline":"Comprehensive guidance for human embryology, andrology, and endocrinology laboratories: management and operations: a committee opinion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comprehensive-guidance-for-human-embryology-andrology-and-endocrinology-laborato-oa7cuxyx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Practice Committees of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) and the Society for Reproductive Biologists and Technologists (SRBT). Electronic address: asrm@asrm.org"}],"datePublished":"2022-06-01","abstract":"This document is a comprehensive guidance for human embryology, andrology, and endocrinology laboratories. Universal guidance applicable to all laboratories includes requirements and recommendations for accreditation and staffing in the United States, and specific guidance is included for each laboratory specialty.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"117","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1183","pageEnd":"1202","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2022.02.016","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2022.02.016"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35487770"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/high-risk-and-low-prevalence-diseases-ovarian-torsion-yhumgwun/","name":"High risk and low prevalence diseases: Ovarian torsion","headline":"High risk and low prevalence diseases: Ovarian torsion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/high-risk-and-low-prevalence-diseases-ovarian-torsion-yhumgwun/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bridwell RE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Koyfman A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Long B"}],"datePublished":"2022-06-01","abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Ovarian torsion is a rare, frequently misdiagnosed condition that carries with it a high rate of morbidity.\n\nOBJECTIVE: This review highlights the pearls and pitfalls of ovarian torsion, including presentation, evaluation, and management in the emergency department (ED) based on current evidence.\n\nDISCUSSION: Ovarian torsion is one of the most common gynecological surgical emergencies and occurs with complete or partial rotation of the ovary along the supporting ligaments, obstructing vascular flow. Several risk factors include the presence of an ovarian mass or cyst. The most common population affected includes reproductive aged women, though cases also occur in premenarchal females, pregnant women, and postmenopausal women. Abdominal or pelvic pain is common but is not always sudden in onset or severe. Nausea and vomiting occur in 70%. Ultrasound can assist with diagnosis, but a normal ultrasound examination cannot exclude the diagnosis. Computed tomography with intravenous contrast can assist with diagnosis. Treatment includes emergent gynecologic consultation for surgical detorsion, along with symptomatic therapy in the ED.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: An understanding of ovarian torsion can assist emergency clinicians in diagnosing and managing this disease.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"56","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The American journal of emergency medicine"}},"pageStart":"145","pageEnd":"150","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2022.03.046","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ajem.2022.03.046"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35397355"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-contraception-and-mood-disorders-qxff27xq/","name":"Hormonal contraception and mood disorders","headline":"Hormonal contraception and mood disorders","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-contraception-and-mood-disorders-qxff27xq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mu E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kulkarni J","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4299-7706","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Zurich"}}],"datePublished":"2022-06-01","abstract":"Hormonal contraception is known to precipitate or perpetuate depression in some patients. The link between oral contraceptive pills and depression relates to the amount and type of progestogen contained in these pills. Many of the older oral contraceptive pills, which contain ethinylestradiol, are linked to severe mood problems. Newer oral contraceptive pills containing physiological forms of oestrogen may be better tolerated with a purported weaker link to mood problems. Clinicians should consider the temporal relationship between the use of hormonal contraception and development of new or worsened depression or mood changes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"45","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Australian prescriber"}}},"pageStart":"75","pageEnd":"79","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.18773/austprescr.2022.025","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.18773/austprescr.2022.025"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35755988"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-and-infertility-a-long-life-approach-to-preserve-reproductive-inte-rec1j6zrndjomx72h/","name":"Endometriosis and Infertility: A Long-Life Approach to Preserve Reproductive  Integrity","headline":"Endometriosis and Infertility: A Long-Life Approach to Preserve Reproductive  Integrity","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-and-infertility-a-long-life-approach-to-preserve-reproductive-inte-rec1j6zrndjomx72h/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria Elisabetta Coccia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5294-129X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Luca Nardone","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Florence","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Francesca Rizzello","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4869-7367","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02crev113"}}],"datePublished":"2022-05-29","abstract":"Laparoscopic surgery was originally considered the gold standard in the treatment of endometriosis-related infertility. Assisted reproductive technology (ART) was indicated as second-line treatment or in the case of male factor. The combined approach of surgery followed by ART proved to offer higher chances of pregnancy in infertile women with endometriosis. However, it was highlighted how pelvic surgery for endometriosis, especially in cases of ovarian endometriomas, could cause iatrogenic damage due to ovarian reserve loss, adhesion formation (scarring), and ischemic damage. Furthermore, in the last few years, the trend to delay the first childbirth, recent technological advances in ultrasound diagnosis, and technological progress in clinical and laboratory aspects of ART have certainly influenced the approach to infertility and endometriosis with, ART assuming a more relevant role. Management of endometriosis should take into account that the disease is chronic and involves the reproductive system. Consequently, treatment and counselling should aim to preserve the chances of pregnancy for the patient, even if it is not associated with infertility. This review will analyse the evolution of the management of infertility associated with endometriosis and propose an algorithm for treatment decision-making based on the most recent acquisitions.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"}}},"pageStart":"6162","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19106162","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/ijerph19106162"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35627698"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/infertility-in-men-advances-towards-a-comprehensive-and-integrative-strategy-for-rec6u3lutpujci0ht/","name":"Infertility in Men: Advances towards a Comprehensive and Integrative Strategy for  Precision Theranostics","headline":"Infertility in Men: Advances towards a Comprehensive and Integrative Strategy for  Precision Theranostics","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/infertility-in-men-advances-towards-a-comprehensive-and-integrative-strategy-for-rec6u3lutpujci0ht/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mourad Assidi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2750-1764","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"King Abdulaziz University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02ma4wv74"}}],"datePublished":"2022-05-29","abstract":"Male infertility is an increasing and serious medical concern, though the mechanism remains poorly understood. Impaired male reproductive function affects approximately half of infertile couples worldwide. Multiple factors related to the environment, genetics, age, and comorbidities have been associated with impaired sperm function. Present-day clinicians rely primarily on standard semen analysis to diagnose male reproductive potential and develop treatment strategies. To address sperm quality assessment bias and enhance analysis accuracy, the World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended standardized sperm testing; however, conventional diagnostic and therapeutic options for male infertility, including physical examination and semen standard analysis, remain ineffective in relieving the associated social burden. Instead, assisted reproductive techniques are becoming the primary therapeutic approach. In the post-genomic era, multiomics technologies that deeply interrogate the genome, transcriptome, proteome, and/or the epigenome, even at single-cell level, besides the breakthroughs in robotic surgery, stem cell therapy, and big data, offer promises towards solving semen quality deterioration and male factor infertility. This review highlights the complex etiology of male infertility, especially the roles of lifestyle and environmental factors, and discusses advanced technologies/methodologies used in characterizing its pathophysiology. A comprehensive combination of these innovative approaches in a global and multi-centric setting and fulfilling the suitable ethical consent could ensure optimal reproductive and developmental outcomes. These combinatorial approaches should allow for the development of diagnostic markers, molecular stratification classes, and personalized treatment strategies. Since lifestyle choices and environmental factors influence male fertility, their integration in any comprehensive approach is required for safe, proactive, cost-effective, and noninvasive precision male infertility theranostics that are affordable, accessible, and facilitate couples realizing their procreation dream.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cells"}}},"pageStart":"1711","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11101711","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/cells11101711"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35626747"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/maternity-after-orthotopic-liver-transplantation-can-the-use-of-biological-ferti-recdijejynft06om2/","name":"Maternity After Orthotopic Liver Transplantation: Can the Use of Biological Fertility Indicators Help? Our Own Experience and Literature-based Recommendations","headline":"Maternity After Orthotopic Liver Transplantation: Can the Use of Biological Fertility Indicators Help? Our Own Experience and Literature-based Recommendations","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/maternity-after-orthotopic-liver-transplantation-can-the-use-of-biological-ferti-recdijejynft06om2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A Buganza Del Castillo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8289-018X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of Ávila","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05wa62164"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pérez de Lema G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonio Castillo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8925-2236","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"C&#xe1;tedra Gianna Beretta para Estudios de Bio&#xe9;tica, Sexualidad y Reconocimiento de la Fertilidad, Universidad Alfonso X el Sabio-Fundaci&#xf3;n COF Getafe, Boadilla del Monte, Spain."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tania Errasti","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3046-0940","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Clinica Universidad de Navarra","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03phm3r45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"María Eugenia Huete","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9887-6155","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad Alfonso X el Sabio","sameAs":"https://ror.org/054ewwr15"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Guillermo Pérez de Lema","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3389-0401","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad Alfonso X el Sabio","sameAs":"https://ror.org/054ewwr15"}}],"datePublished":"2022-05-28","abstract":"Over the last 5 decades, the fulfillment of maternity wishes in solid organ transplanted women has become a reality. Despite pregnancy contraindication in transplanted women during the early post-transplant period, such a condition can be overcome after 12 months if patients show a good clinical evolution and do not present other general pre-conceptional findings. This article presents the case report of a young female liver transplanted patient that used symptothermal method as a reliable family planning method. After her gestational contraindication was lifted, observation of biological fertility indicators and fertility-guided sexual intercourse helped her fulfill her maternity wish and conceive and carry out a healthy offspring. Based on this case and on the available bibliographic evidence, this paper reviews the potential implications of the use of this kind of approach as a safe and effective alternative to assisted reproduction technology in the management of potential infertility problems in the young female transplanted population, a population which according to literature has higher rates of unsuccessful parenthood and might also be more vulnerable to iatrogenicity of ovarian hyperstimulation process and to multiple pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"89","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"135","pageEnd":"151","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00243639211070773","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/00243639211070773"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35619884"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-diagnosis-staging-and-typology-and-adverse-pregnancy-outcome-histo-recr6wkfbepyjkhhi/","name":"Endometriosis diagnosis, staging and typology and adverse pregnancy outcome  history","headline":"Endometriosis diagnosis, staging and typology and adverse pregnancy outcome  history","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-diagnosis-staging-and-typology-and-adverse-pregnancy-outcome-histo-recr6wkfbepyjkhhi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Leslie V Farland","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7455-8531","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine -...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Z Pollack","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4313-3298","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"George Mason University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Buck Louis G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kristina Allen‐Brady","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9394-5211","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael W Varner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9455-3973","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Matthew Peterson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4644-602X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kristina Allen-Brady","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6919-493X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Germaine M Buck Louis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1774-4490","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kebba Kah","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2022-05-17","abstract":"Background: Women with endometriosis may have an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Research has focused on infertility clinic populations limiting generalisability. Few studies report differences by endometriosis severity.\n\nObjectives: We investigated the relationships between endometriosis diagnosis, staging and typology and pregnancy outcomes among an operative and population-based sample of women.\n\nMethods: Menstruating women ages 18-44 years enrolled in the ENDO Study (2007-2009), including the operative cohort: 316 gravid women undergoing laparoscopy/laparotomy at surgical centres in Utah and California; and the population cohort: 76 gravid women from the surgical centres' geographic catchment areas. Pregnancy outcomes were ascertained by questionnaire and included all pregnancies prior to study enrolment. Endometriosis was diagnosed via surgical visualisation in the operative cohort and pelvic magnetic resonance imaging in the population cohort. Adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using generalised linear mixed models for pregnancy outcomes, adjusting for women's age at study enrolment and at pregnancy, surgical site, body mass index and lifestyle factors.\n\nResults: Women in the operative cohort with visualised endometriosis (n = 109, 34%) had a lower prevalence of live births, aPR 0.94 (95% CI 0.85, 1.03) and a higher prevalence of miscarriages, aPR 1.48 (95% CI 1.23, 1.77) compared with women without endometriosis. The direction and magnitude of estimates were similar in the population cohort. Women with deep endometriosis were 2.98-fold more likely (95% CI 1.12, 7.95) to report a miscarriage compared with women without endometriosis after adjusting for women's age at study enrolment and at pregnancy, surgical site and body mass index. No differences were seen between endometriosis staging and pregnancy outcomes.\n\nConclusions: While there was no difference in number of pregnancies among women with and without endometriosis in a population-based sample, pregnancy loss was more common among women with endometriosis, notably among those with deep endometriosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"36","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology"}}},"pageStart":"771","pageEnd":"781","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/ppe.12887","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q114078245"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/ppe.12887"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35570746"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q114078245"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/platelet-rich-plasma-in-gynecology-discovering-undiscovered-review-recmtzvachhots13a/","name":"Platelet Rich Plasma in Gynecology-Discovering Undiscovered-Review","headline":"Platelet Rich Plasma in Gynecology-Discovering Undiscovered-Review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/platelet-rich-plasma-in-gynecology-discovering-undiscovered-review-recmtzvachhots13a/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Dominika Streit-Ciećkiewicz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"nd Department of Gynecology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-954 Lublin, Poland."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dominika Streit–Ciećkiewicz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical University of Lublin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016f61126"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karolina Futyma-Gąbka","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3415-8669","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical University of Lublin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016f61126"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Konrad Futyma","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7864-666X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical University of Lublin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016f61126"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jakub Gołacki","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8502-3030","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"nd Department of Gynecology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-954 Lublin, Poland.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016f61126"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Magdalena Emilia Grzybowska","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5311-3450","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Gynecology, Gynecologic Oncology and Gynecologic Endocrinology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Smoluchowskiego 17, 80-214 Gdańsk, Poland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/019sbgd69"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aleksandra Kołodyńska","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8422-5594","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical University of Lublin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016f61126"}}],"datePublished":"2022-05-15","abstract":"Regenerative medicine combines elements of tissue engineering and molecular biology aiming to support the regeneration and repair processes of damaged tissues, cells and organs. The most commonly used preparation in regenerative medicine is platelet rich plasma (PRP) containing numerous growth factors present in platelet granularities. This therapy is increasingly used in various fields of medicine. This article is a review of literature on the use of PRP in gynecology and obstetrics. There is no doubt that the released growth factors and proteins have a beneficial effect on wound healing and regeneration processes. So far, its widest application is in reproductive medicine, especially in cases of thin endometrium, Asherman's syndrome, or premature ovarian failure (POF) but also in wound healing and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), such as urinary incontinence or recurrent genitourinary fistula auxiliary treatment. Further research is, however, needed to confirm the effectiveness and the possibility of its application in many other disorders.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"}}},"pageStart":"5284","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095284","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/ijerph19095284"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35564681"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstrual-cycle-associated-changes-in-micronutrient-biomarkers-concentration-a-p-rece8sjpymrfn1uq7/","name":"Menstrual Cycle-Associated Changes in Micronutrient Biomarkers Concentration: A Prospective Cohort Study","headline":"Menstrual Cycle-Associated Changes in Micronutrient Biomarkers Concentration: A Prospective Cohort Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstrual-cycle-associated-changes-in-micronutrient-biomarkers-concentration-a-p-rece8sjpymrfn1uq7/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sixtus Aguree","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2374-4462","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Iowa State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rswrd78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Francisco Diaz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2875-7393","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pennsylvania State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04p491231"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alison D Gernand","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5661-7785","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pennsylvania State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04p491231"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laura E Murray-Kolb","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5836-9471","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pennsylvania State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04p491231"}}],"datePublished":"2022-05-06","abstract":"To evaluate variations in micronutrient biomarker concentrations and deficiencies across the menstrual cycle in a cohort of healthy women. This prospective cohort study was conducted among healthy women of reproductive age living in the State College area, Pennsylvania, (n = 45). Data collection occurred at the early follicular phase, the late follicular phase, and the midluteal phase. Fasting blood samples were collected to measure micronutrient biomarkers. At the early follicular phase, the mean ± SD concentrations for zinc, copper, magnesium, and retinol were 81.8 ± 16.2 µg/dL, 80.1 ± 12.8 µg/dL, 17.9 ± 1.4 mg/L, and 39.4 ± 9.3 µg/dL, respectively. The geometric mean (95% CI) for manganese, iron and ferritin concentrations were 1.51 [1.21, 1.87] µg/L, 106.7 [90.8, 125.4] µg/dL, and 26.4 [20.5, 34.0] µg/L, respectively. Mean concentrations of zinc and magnesium declined by 6.6% (p = 0.009) and 4.6% (p < 0.001) from the early follicular phase to the midluteal phase, respectively. Other biomarkers remained relatively constant across the cycle. At the early follicular phase, the prevalence of low serum concentrations for zinc, copper, magnesium, manganese, iron, and ferritin was 22%, 7%, 29%, 13%, 14%, and 28%, respectively. Also, in early follicular phase, 36% had anemia, and 13% specifically had iron deficiency anemia. The prevalence of magnesium deficiency was significantly higher at the midluteal phase vs. the early follicular phase (p = 0.025). Our study suggests that while many micronutrient concentrations are relatively constant across the menstrual cycle in healthy women, zinc and magnesium decline, and the prevalence of magnesium deficiency increases. Supplemental data for this article is available online at.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"42","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association"}}},"pageStart":"339","pageEnd":"348","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07315724.2022.2040399","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/07315724.2022.2040399"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35512771"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/antioxidants-for-male-subfertility-recfw3dyog0wvgtmb/","name":"Antioxidants for male subfertility","headline":"Antioxidants for male subfertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/antioxidants-for-male-subfertility-recfw3dyog0wvgtmb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jan Peter de Bruin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6909-5912","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jeroen Bosch Ziekenhuis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rr42t68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wiep de Ligny","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Radboud University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05wg1m734"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathrin Fleischer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Radboud University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05wg1m734"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vanessa Jordan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5818-037X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Auckland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03b94tp07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rebecca Mackenzie-Proctor","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7868-4057","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Auckland City Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05e8jge82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roos M Smits","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Radboud University Nijmegen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016xsfp80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marian Showell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1227-4303","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Auckland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03b94tp07"}}],"datePublished":"2022-05-05","abstract":"Background: The inability to have children affects 10% to 15% of couples worldwide. A male factor is estimated to account for up to half of the infertility cases with between 25% to 87% of male subfertility considered to be due to the effect of oxidative stress. Oral supplementation with antioxidants is thought to improve sperm quality by reducing oxidative damage. Antioxidants are widely available and inexpensive when compared to other fertility treatments, however most antioxidants are uncontrolled by regulation and the evidence for their effectiveness is uncertain. We compared the benefits and risks of different antioxidants used for male subfertility.\n\nObjectives: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of supplementary oral antioxidants in subfertile men. SEARCH\n\nMethods: The Cochrane Gynaecology and Fertility (CGF) Group trials register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, AMED, and two trial registers were searched on 15 February 2021, together with reference checking and contact with experts in the field to identify additional trials.\nSelection Criteria: We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that compared any type, dose or combination of oral antioxidant supplement with placebo, no treatment, or treatment with another antioxidant, among subfertile men of a couple attending a reproductive clinic. We excluded studies comparing antioxidants with fertility drugs alone and studies that included men with idiopathic infertility and normal semen parameters or fertile men attending a fertility clinic because of female partner infertility.\nData Collection and Analysis: We used standard methodological procedures recommended by Cochrane. The primary review outcome was live birth. Clinical pregnancy, adverse events and sperm parameters were secondary outcomes.\n\nMAIN Results: We included 90 studies with a total population of 10,303 subfertile men, aged between 18 and 65 years, part of a couple who had been referred to a fertility clinic and some of whom were undergoing medically assisted reproduction (MAR). Investigators compared and combined 20 different oral antioxidants. The evidence was of 'low' to 'very low' certainty: the main limitation was that out of the 67 included studies in the meta-analysis only 20 studies reported clinical pregnancy, and of those 12 reported on live birth. The evidence is current up to February 2021. Live birth: antioxidants may lead to increased live birth rates (odds ratio (OR) 1.43, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07 to 1.91, P = 0.02, 12 RCTs, 1283 men, I(2) = 44%, very low-certainty evidence). Results in the studies contributing to the analysis of live birth rate suggest that if the baseline chance of live birth following placebo or no treatment is assumed to be 16%, the chance following the use of antioxidants is estimated to be between 17% and 27%. However, this result was based on only 246 live births from 1283 couples in 12 small or medium-sized studies. When studies at high risk of bias were removed from the analysis, there was no evidence of increased live birth (Peto OR 1.22, 95% CI 0.85 to 1.75, 827 men, 8 RCTs, P = 0.27, I(2) = 32%). Clinical pregnancy rate: antioxidants may lead to increased clinical pregnancy rates (OR 1.89, 95% CI 1.45 to 2.47, P < 0.00001, 20 RCTs, 1706 men, I(2) = 3%, low-certainty evidence) compared with placebo or no treatment. This suggests that, in the studies contributing to the analysis of clinical pregnancy, if the baseline chance of clinical pregnancy following placebo or no treatment is assumed to be 15%, the chance following the use of antioxidants is estimated to be between 20% and 30%. This result was based on 327 clinical pregnancies from 1706 couples in 20 small studies. Adverse events Miscarriage: only six studies reported on this outcome and the event rate was very low. No evidence of a difference in miscarriage rate was found between the antioxidant and placebo or no treatment group (OR 1.46, 95% CI 0.75 to 2.83, P = 0.27, 6 RCTs, 664 men, I(2) = 35%, very low-certainty evidence). The findings suggest that in a population of subfertile couples, with male factor infertility, with an expected miscarriage rate of 5%, the risk of miscarriage following the use of an antioxidant would be between 4% and 13%. Gastrointestinal: antioxidants may lead to an increase in mild gastrointestinal discomfort when compared with placebo or no treatment (OR 2.70, 95% CI 1.46 to 4.99, P = 0.002, 16 RCTs, 1355 men, I(2) = 40%, low-certainty evidence). This suggests that if the chance of gastrointestinal discomfort following placebo or no treatment is assumed to be 2%, the chance following the use of antioxidants is estimated to be between 2% and 7%. However, this result was based on a low event rate of 46 out of 1355 men in 16 small or medium-sized studies, and the certainty of the evidence was rated low and heterogeneity was high. We were unable to draw conclusions from the antioxidant versus antioxidant comparison as insufficient studies compared the same interventions. AUTHORS'\n\nConclusions: In this review, there is very low-certainty evidence from 12 small or medium-sized randomised controlled trials suggesting that antioxidant supplementation in subfertile males may improve live birth rates for couples attending fertility clinics. Low-certainty evidence suggests that clinical pregnancy rates may increase. There is no evidence of increased risk of miscarriage, however antioxidants may give more mild gastrointestinal discomfort, based on very low-certainty evidence. Subfertile couples should be advised that overall, the current evidence is inconclusive based on serious risk of bias due to poor reporting of methods of randomisation, failure to report on the clinical outcomes live birth rate and clinical pregnancy, often unclear or even high attrition, and also imprecision due to often low event rates and small overall sample sizes. Further large well-designed randomised placebo-controlled trials studying infertile men and reporting on pregnancy and live births are still required to clarify the exact role of antioxidants.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"}}},"pageStart":"CD007411","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD007411.pub5","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/14651858.CD007411.pub5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35506389"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-importance-of-nutrition-in-pregnancy-and-lactation-lifelong-consequences-d7g5wt7s/","name":"The importance of nutrition in pregnancy and lactation: lifelong consequences","headline":"The importance of nutrition in pregnancy and lactation: lifelong consequences","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-importance-of-nutrition-in-pregnancy-and-lactation-lifelong-consequences-d7g5wt7s/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marshall NE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Abrams B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Barbour LA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Catalano P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Friedman JE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Holcomb WL Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hernandez TL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Krebs NF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emily Oken","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Purnell JQ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J M Roberts","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2671-3207","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pittsburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Soltani H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wallace J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kent L Thornburg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5561-4785","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oregon Health & Science University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/009avj582"}}],"datePublished":"2022-05-01","abstract":"Most women in the United States do not meet the recommendations for healthful nutrition and weight before and during pregnancy. Women and providers often ask what a healthy diet for a pregnant woman should look like. The message should be \"eat better, not more.\" This can be achieved by basing diet on a variety of nutrient-dense, whole foods, including fruits, vegetables, legumes, whole grains, healthy fats with omega-3 fatty acids that include nuts and seeds, and fish, in place of poorer quality highly processed foods. Such a diet embodies nutritional density and is less likely to be accompanied by excessive energy intake than the standard American diet consisting of increased intakes of processed foods, fatty red meat, and sweetened foods and beverages. Women who report \"prudent\" or \"health-conscious\" eating patterns before and/or during pregnancy may have fewer pregnancy complications and adverse child health outcomes. Comprehensive nutritional supplementation (multiple micronutrients plus balanced protein energy) among women with inadequate nutrition has been associated with improved birth outcomes, including decreased rates of low birthweight. A diet that severely restricts any macronutrient class should be avoided, specifically the ketogenic diet that lacks carbohydrates, the Paleo diet because of dairy restriction, and any diet characterized by excess saturated fats. User-friendly tools to facilitate a quick evaluation of dietary patterns with clear guidance on how to address dietary inadequacies and embedded support from trained healthcare providers are urgently needed. Recent evidence has shown that although excessive gestational weight gain predicts adverse perinatal outcomes among women with normal weight, the degree of prepregnancy obesity predicts adverse perinatal outcomes to a greater degree than gestational weight gain among women with obesity. Furthermore, low body mass index and insufficient gestational weight gain are associated with poor perinatal outcomes. Observational data have shown that first-trimester gain is the strongest predictor of adverse outcomes. Interventions beginning in early pregnancy or preconception are needed to prevent downstream complications for mothers and their children. For neonates, human milk provides personalized nutrition and is associated with short- and long-term health benefits for infants and mothers. Eating a healthy diet is a way for lactating mothers to support optimal health for themselves and their infants.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"226","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American journal of obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"607","pageEnd":"632","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2021.12.035","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ajog.2021.12.035"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34968458"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/uterine-bleeding-how-understanding-endometrial-physiology-underpins-menstrual-he-wr199mcs/","name":"Uterine bleeding: how understanding endometrial physiology underpins menstrual health","headline":"Uterine bleeding: how understanding endometrial physiology underpins menstrual health","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/uterine-bleeding-how-understanding-endometrial-physiology-underpins-menstrual-he-wr199mcs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jain V","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7680-5660"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chodankar RR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maybin JA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hilary Critchley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1913-4044","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Edinburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90"}}],"datePublished":"2022-05-01","abstract":"Menstruation is a physiological process that is typically uncomplicated. However, up to one third of women globally will be affected by abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) at some point in their reproductive years. Menstruation (that is, endometrial shedding) is a fine balance between proliferation, decidualization, inflammation, hypoxia, apoptosis, haemostasis, vasoconstriction and, finally, repair and regeneration. An imbalance in any one of these processes can lead to the abnormal endometrial phenotype of AUB. Poor menstrual health has a negative impact on a person's physical, mental, social, emotional and financial well-being. On a global scale, iron deficiency and iron deficiency anaemia are closely linked with AUB, and are often under-reported and under-recognized. The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics have produced standardized terminology and a classification system for the causes of AUB. This standardization will facilitate future research endeavours, diagnosis and clinical management. In a field where no new medications have been developed for over 20 years, emerging technologies are paving the way for a deeper understanding of the biology of the endometrium in health and disease, as well as opening up novel diagnostic and management avenues.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nature reviews. Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"290","pageEnd":"308","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-021-00629-4","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/s41574-021-00629-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35136207"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/inhibin-b-and-fsh-are-good-indicators-of-spermatogenesis-but-not-the-best-indica-reco8hbd2qvxhcrrc/","name":"Inhibin-B and FSH Are Good Indicators of Spermatogenesis but Not the Best  Indicators of Fertility","headline":"Inhibin-B and FSH Are Good Indicators of Spermatogenesis but Not the Best  Indicators of Fertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/inhibin-b-and-fsh-are-good-indicators-of-spermatogenesis-but-not-the-best-indica-reco8hbd2qvxhcrrc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Katarzyna Jankowska","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1437-050X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03jgmfc14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Piotr Dudek","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6511-6165","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Endocrinology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, ul. Ceg&#x142;owska 80, 01-809 Warsaw, Poland."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wojciech Zgliczyński","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7283-4755","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03jgmfc14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Radosław B Maksym","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2584-6734","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03jgmfc14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michał Rabijewski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2049-7427","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03jgmfc14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Natalia Suszczewicz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3624-0391","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Military Communication Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vwh7h84"}}],"datePublished":"2022-04-24","abstract":"Biochemical markers of spermatogenesis and fertility assessment are important in the practical management of infertile males and the determination of an individual’s prognosis. We performed an analysis on 100 males with a male infertility factor. The following study inclusion parameters were analyzed: seminogram, FSH, LH, testosterone, estradiol, prolactin, TSH, and inhibin B concentrations. The patients were subsequently treated by reproductive endocrinologists in accordance with AUA/ASRM and EAU guidelines. The reproductive status was evaluated over a period of 3 years. We found a strong correlation of sperm count with inhibin B (r = 0.74, p < 0.001) and FSH concentration levels (r = −0.46, p < 0.001). Among 95 patients at follow-up, pregnancies occurred for 59 of their partners (48 spontaneous, 5 after IVF−ET, and 6 after IUI). Thirty-six patients remained childless despite the therapy. Sperm count and inhibin B level were the best predictors of natural fertilization (ROC AUC: 0.86 and 0.84; cut-off: 2.7 mln/mL and 45 pg/mL). Although inhibin B and FSH can be used to evaluate spermatogenesis and fertility, the initial sperm concentration appeared to be the best predictor of success. Pregnancy was achieved in a surprisingly large proportion of patients with a very low concentration of inhibin B and a low initial sperm count. It is noteworthy that 81% of the pregnancies were achieved without medically assisted reproduction.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Life (Basel, Switzerland)"}}},"pageStart":"511","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/life12040511","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/life12040511"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35455002"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-vitamin-d-on-fertility-pregnancy-and-polycystic-ovary-syndromea-revie-ey8kqytm/","name":"Effects of Vitamin D on Fertility, Pregnancy and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome-A Review","headline":"Effects of Vitamin D on Fertility, Pregnancy and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome-A Review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-vitamin-d-on-fertility-pregnancy-and-polycystic-ovary-syndromea-revie-ey8kqytm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Szabolcs Várbíró","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7109-6906","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, 1182, Budapest, Üllői Út 78/A, Hungary. varbiro.szabolcs@med.semmelweis-univ.hu."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Takács I","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7810-4833"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tűű L","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0560-9053"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nas K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sziva RE","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9170-4331"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hetthéssy JR","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8274-5257"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Török M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2832-0626"}],"datePublished":"2022-04-15","abstract":"Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine reproductive disorders in women. Vitamin D deficiency is also quite common in this condition. The degree of vitamin D deficiency correlates with the severity of PCOS. Both male and female vitamin D levels play a role in fertility and affect the outcomes of in vitro fertilization (IVF). Moreover, fertility and IVF indicators are improved by vitamin D not only in healthy women but in those diagnosed with PCOS. Both vitamin D deficiency and PCOS increase pregnancy-related complications. Vitamin D supplementation and optimal vitamin D levels decrease both maternal and fetal risk for complications and adverse events. Furthermore, vitamin D supplementation may ameliorate or even prevent pregnancy-related reversible bone loss in mothers. This review emphasizes the roles of vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D supplementation and their correlation with PCOS regarding reproductive health.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nutrients"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14081649","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/nu14081649"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35458211"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fate-of-per-and-polyfluoroalkyl-substances-from-durable-waterrepellent-clothing--fd46f28g/","name":"Fate of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances from Durable Water-Repellent Clothing during Use","headline":"Fate of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances from Durable Water-Repellent Clothing during Use","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fate-of-per-and-polyfluoroalkyl-substances-from-durable-waterrepellent-clothing--fd46f28g/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"van der Veen I"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Schellenberger S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hanning AC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stare A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"de Boer J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Weiss JM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leonards PEG"}],"datePublished":"2022-04-11","abstract":"To make outdoor clothing water- or dirt-repellent, durable water-repellent (DWR) coatings based on side-chain fluorinated polymers (SFPs) are used. During use of outdoor clothing, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) can be emitted from the DWR to the environment. In this study, the effects of aging, washing, and tumble drying on the concentration of extractable PFASs in the DWR of perfluorohexane-based short-chain SFPs (FC-6 chemistry) and of perfluorooctane-based long-chain SFPs (FC-8 chemistry) were assessed. For this purpose, polyamide (PA) and polyester (PES) fabrics were coated with FC-6- and FC-8-based DWRs. Results show that aging of the coated fabrics causes an increase in concentration and formation of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs). The effect of aging on the volatile PFASs depends on the type of fabric. Washing causes a decrease in PFAA concentrations, and in general, volatile PFASs are partly washed out of the textiles. However, washing can also increase the extractable concentration of volatile PFASs in the fabrics. This effect becomes stronger by a combination of aging and washing. Tumble drying does not affect the PFAS concentrations in textiles. In conclusion, aging and washing of fabrics coated with the DWR based on SFPs release PFASs to the environment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"56","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environmental Science &amp; Technology"}}},"pageStart":"5886","pageEnd":"5897","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c07876","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1021/acs.est.1c07876"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/obstetric-gaslighting-and-the-denial-of-mothers-realities-reckxttgpozxk2vih/","name":"Obstetric gaslighting and the denial of mothers' realities","headline":"Obstetric gaslighting and the denial of mothers' realities","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/obstetric-gaslighting-and-the-denial-of-mothers-realities-reckxttgpozxk2vih/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Priya Fielding‐Singh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1085-1066","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amelia Dmowska","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7592-7543","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California San Francisco and University of California Berkeley, United States.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Priya Fielding-Singh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1341-7393","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Family and Consumer Studies, University of Utah, 1527 E. Harvard Ave, Salt Lake City, UT, 84105, United States. Electronic address: priya.fielding-singh@fcs.utah.edu."}}],"datePublished":"2022-04-09","abstract":"Gaslighting is a type of abuse aimed at making victims question their sanity as well as the veracity and legitimacy of their own perspectives and feelings. In this article, we show how gaslighting can operate as a key, yet underexamined strategy of obstetric violence, or the institutional and interpersonal violation of women's rights during pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum. We draw on forty-six in-depth, semi-structured interviews with mothers who experienced a traumatic childbirth to examine how obstetric providers gaslight mothers before, during and after childbirth when they deny - and thereby destabilize - mothers' realities. We identify and examine four core types of denials: denials of 1) mothers' humanity, 2) mothers' knowledge as valid, 3) mothers' judgements as rational and 4) mothers' feelings as legitimate. All four denials work to render mothers noncredible and their claims illegible within clinical encounters. In explicitly naming, theorizing, and examining obstetric gaslighting, our aims are threefold: 1) to uncover and theorize an underexamined mechanism of obstetric violence through a sociological lens, 2) to offer a typology of obstetric gaslighting's manifestations to aid scholars and practitioners in recognizing when obstetric gaslighting is occurring and 3) to advance a growing research program on gaslighting in medicine.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"301","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Social Science & Medicine (1982)"}},"pageStart":"114938","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.114938","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.114938"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35395611"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-menstrual-cycle-length-and-coronavirus-disease-2019-covid19--75siwek0/","name":"Association Between Menstrual Cycle Length and Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Vaccination: A U.S. Cohort","headline":"Association Between Menstrual Cycle Length and Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Vaccination: A U.S. Cohort","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-menstrual-cycle-length-and-coronavirus-disease-2019-covid19--75siwek0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Alison Edelman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5040-7288","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oregon Health & Science University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/009avj582"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Boniface ER"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eleonora Benhar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6654-4906","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Natural Cycles USA Corp, New York, New York, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Han L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Matteson KA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carlotta Favaro","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Life Cycle Engineering (United States)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056hm0802"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jack T Pearson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6160-2134","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Natural Cycles Nordic AB, Stockholm, Sweden","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056hm0802"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Darney BG"}],"datePublished":"2022-04-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To assess whether coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination is associated with changes in cycle or menses length in those receiving vaccination as compared with an unvaccinated cohort.\n\nMETHODS: We analyzed prospectively tracked menstrual cycle data using the application \"Natural Cycles.\" We included U.S. residents aged 18-45 years with normal cycle lengths (24-38 days) for three consecutive cycles before the first vaccine dose followed by vaccine-dose cycles (cycles 4-6) or, if unvaccinated, six cycles over a similar time period. We calculated the mean within-individual change in cycle and menses length (three prevaccine cycles vs first- and second-dose cycles in the vaccinated cohort, and the first three cycles vs cycles four and five in the unvaccinated cohort). We used mixed-effects models to estimate the adjusted difference in change in cycle and menses length between the vaccinated and unvaccinated cohorts.\n\nRESULTS: We included 3,959 individuals (vaccinated 2,403; unvaccinated 1,556). Most of the vaccinated cohort received the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine (55%) (Moderna 35%, Johnson & Johnson/Janssen 7%). Overall, COVID-19 vaccine was associated with a less than 1-day change in cycle length for both vaccine-dose cycles compared with prevaccine cycles (first dose 0.71 day-increase, 98.75% CI 0.47-0.94; second dose 0.91, 98.75% CI 0.63-1.19); unvaccinated individuals saw no significant change compared with three baseline cycles (cycle four 0.07, 98.75% CI -0.22 to 0.35; cycle five 0.12, 98.75% CI -0.15 to 0.39). In adjusted models, the difference in change in cycle length between the vaccinated and unvaccinated cohorts was less than 1 day for both doses (difference in change: first dose 0.64 days, 98.75% CI 0.27-1.01; second dose 0.79 days, 98.75% CI 0.40-1.18). Change in menses length was not associated with vaccination.\n\nCONCLUSION: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination is associated with a small change in cycle length but not menses length.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"139","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"481","pageEnd":"489","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0000000000004695","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/AOG.0000000000004695"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34991109"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/maternal-morbidity-after-preterm-premature-rupture-of-membranes-at-24-weeks-gest-opwbrnvg/","name":"Maternal morbidity after preterm premature rupture of membranes at <24 weeks' gestation","headline":"Maternal morbidity after preterm premature rupture of membranes at <24 weeks' gestation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/maternal-morbidity-after-preterm-premature-rupture-of-membranes-at-24-weeks-gest-opwbrnvg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sklar A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sheeder J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Davis AR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Wilson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7405-4832","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008s83205"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Teal SB"}],"datePublished":"2022-04-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: After preterm premature rupture of membranes at <24 weeks' gestation, pregnant women may choose continuation (expectant management) or termination of pregnancy, via either dilation and evacuation or labor induction. Neonatal outcomes after expectant management are well described. In contrast, limited research addresses maternal outcomes associated with expectant management compared to termination of pregnancy.\n\nOBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare maternal morbidity after preterm premature rupture of membranes at <24 weeks' gestation in women who choose either expectant management or termination of pregnancy.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: This retrospective cohort study included women with preterm premature rupture of membranes between 14 0/7 and 23 6/7 weeks' gestation with singleton or twin pregnancies at 3 institutions from 2011 to 2018. We excluded pregnancies complicated by fetal anomalies, rupture of membranes immediately after obstetrical procedures (chorionic villus sampling, amniocentesis, cerclage placement, fetal reduction), spontaneous delivery <24 hours after membrane rupture, and contraindications to expectant management. Our primary outcome was the difference in composite maternal morbidity between women choosing expectant management and women choosing termination of pregnancy. We defined composite maternal morbidity as at least 1 of the following: chorioamnionitis, endometritis, sepsis, unplanned operative procedure after delivery (dilation and curettage, laparoscopy, or laparotomy), injury requiring repair, unplanned hysterectomy, unplanned hysterotomy (excluding cesarean delivery), uterine rupture, hemorrhage of >1000 mL, transfusion, admission to the maternal intensive care unit, acute renal insufficiency, venous thromboembolism, pulmonary embolism, and readmission to the hospital within 6 weeks. We compared the demographic and antenatal characteristics of women choosing expectant management with that of women choosing termination of pregnancy and used logistic regression to quantify the association between initial management decision and composite maternal morbidity.\n\nRESULTS: We identified 350 women with pregnancies complicated by preterm premature rupture of membranes at <24 weeks' gestation, and 208 women were eligible for the study. Of the 208 women, 108 (51.9%) chose expectant management as initial management, and 100 (48.1%) chose termination of pregnancy as initial management. Among women selecting termination of pregnancy, 67.0% underwent labor induction, and 33.0% underwent dilation and evacuation. Compared to women who chose termination of pregnancy, women who chose expectant management had 4.1 times the odds of developing chorioamnionitis (38.0% vs 13.0%; 95% confidence interval, 2.03-8.26) and 2.44 times the odds of postpartum hemorrhage (23.1% vs 11.0%; 95% confidence interval, 1.13-5.26). Admissions to the intensive care unit and unplanned hysterectomy only occurred after expectant management (2.8% vs 0.0% and 0.9% vs 0.0%). Of women who chose expectant management, 36.2% delivered via cesarean delivery with 56.4% non-low transverse uterine incisions. Composite maternal morbidity rates were 60.2% in the expectant management group and 33.0% in the termination of pregnancy group. After adjusting for gestational age at rupture, site, race and ethnicity, gestational age at entry to prenatal care, preterm premature rupture of membranes in a previous pregnancy, twin pregnancy, smoking, cerclage, and cervical examination at the time of presentation, expectant management was associated with 3.47 times the odds of composite maternal morbidity (95% confidence interval, 1.52-7.93), corresponding to an adjusted relative risk of 1.91 (95% confidence interval, 1.35-2.73). Among women who chose expectant management, 15.7% avoided morbidity and had a neonate who survived to discharge.\n\nCONCLUSION: Expectant management for preterm premature rupture of membranes at <24 weeks' gestation was associated with a significantly increased risk of maternal morbidity when compared to termination of pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"226","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American journal of obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"558.e1-558.e11","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2021.10.036","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ajog.2021.10.036"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34736914"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/longitudinal-analysis-of-the-impact-of-oral-contraceptive-use-on-the-gut-microbi-xjkkpcza/","name":"Longitudinal analysis of the impact of oral contraceptive use on the gut microbiome","headline":"Longitudinal analysis of the impact of oral contraceptive use on the gut microbiome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/longitudinal-analysis-of-the-impact-of-oral-contraceptive-use-on-the-gut-microbi-xjkkpcza/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hua X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yue Cao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2642-9402","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0014a0n68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Morgan DM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Miller K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chin SM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bellavance D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hamed Khalili","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1911-2160","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}}],"datePublished":"2022-04-01","abstract":"Introduction. Evidence has linked exogenous and endogenous sex hormones with the human microbiome.Hypothesis/Gap statement. The longitudinal effects of oral contraceptives (OC) on the human gut microbiome have not previously been studied.Aim. We sought to examine the longitudinal impact of OC use on the taxonomic composition and metabolic functions of the gut microbiota and endogenous sex steroid hormones after initiation of OC use.Methodology. We recruited ten healthy women who provided blood and stool samples prior to OC use, 1 month and 6 months after starting OC. We measured serum levels of sex hormones, including estradiol, progesterone, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and total testosterone. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing was performed on DNA extracted from faecal samples. Species and metabolic pathway abundances were determined using MetaPhlAn2 and HUMAnN2. Multivariate association with linear models was used to identify microbial species and metabolic pathways associated with OC use and endogenous levels of sex hormones.Results. The percentage variance of the microbial community explained by individual factors ranged from 9.9 % for age to 2.7 % for time since initiation of OC use. We observed no changes in the diversity or composition of the gut microbiome following OC initiation. However, the relative abundance of the biosynthesis pathways of peptidoglycan, amino acids (lysine, threonine, methionine, and tryptophan), and the NAD salvage pathway increased after OC initiation. In addition, serum levels of estradiol and SHBG were positively associated with Eubacterium ramulus, a flavonoid-degrading bacterium. Similarly, microbes involving biosynthesis of l-lysine, l-threonine, and l-methionine were significantly associated with lower estradiol, SHBG, and higher levels of total testosterone.Conclusion. Our study provides the first piece of evidence supporting the association between exogenous and endogenous sex hormones and gut microbiome composition and function.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"71","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of medical microbiology"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.001512","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1099/jmm.0.001512"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35452382"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preconception-caffeine-metabolites-caffeinated-beverage-intake-and-fecundability-recb62xmfnmkgmaqh/","name":"Preconception caffeine metabolites, caffeinated beverage intake, and fecundability","headline":"Preconception caffeine metabolites, caffeinated beverage intake, and fecundability","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preconception-caffeine-metabolites-caffeinated-beverage-intake-and-fecundability-recb62xmfnmkgmaqh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Keewan Kim","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7171-3487","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stefanie N Hinkle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4312-708X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neil J Perkins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6802-4733","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindsey A Sjaarda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0539-8110","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert M Silver","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5794-3152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Intermountain Healthcare","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mvr1r74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elizabeth A DeVilbiss","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8840-0505","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandra Purdue-Smithe","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7356-3651","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aijun Ye","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1701-7111","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}}],"datePublished":"2022-04-01","abstract":"Background: Caffeine is the most frequently used psychoactive substance in the United States and >90% of reproductive-age women report some amount of intake daily. Despite biological plausibility, previous studies on caffeine and fecundability report conflicting results. Importantly, prior studies measured caffeine exposure exclusively by self-report, which is subject to measurement error and does not account for factors that influence caffeine metabolism.\n\nObjectives: Our objective was to examine associations between preconception serum caffeine metabolites, caffeinated beverage intake, and fecundability.\n\nMethods: Participants included 1228 women aged 18-40 y with a history of 1-2 pregnancy losses in the EAGeR (Effects of Aspirin in Gestation and Reproduction) trial. We prospectively evaluated associations of preconception caffeine metabolites (i.e., caffeine, paraxanthine, and theobromine) measured from 1191 serum samples untimed to a specific time of day, self-reported usual caffeinated beverage intakes at baseline, and time-varying cycle-average caffeinated beverage intake, with fecundability. Using Cox proportional hazards models, we estimated fecundability odds ratios (FORs) and 95% CIs according to each metabolite. Follow-up was complete for 89% (n = 1088) of participants.\n\nResults: At baseline, 85%, 73%, and 91% of women had detectable serum caffeine, paraxanthine, and theobromine, respectively. A total of 797 women became pregnant during ≤6 cycles of preconception follow-up. After adjusting for potential confounders, neither serum caffeine [tertile (T)3 compared with T1 For: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.71, 1.08], paraxanthine (T3 compared with T1 For: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.75, 1.14), nor theobromine (T3 compared with T1 For: 1.15; 95% CI: 0.95, 1.40) were associated with fecundability. Baseline intake of total caffeinated beverages was not associated with fecundability (>3 compared with 0 servings/d adjusted For: 0.99; 95% CI: 0.74, 1.34), nor was caffeinated coffee (>2 compared with 0 servings/d adjusted For: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.45, 1.92) or caffeinated soda (>2 servings/d adjusted For: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.71, 1.20).\n\nConclusions: Our findings are reassuring that caffeine exposure from usual low to moderate caffeinated beverage intake likely does not influence fecundability.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00467363.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"115","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The American journal of clinical nutrition"}}},"pageStart":"1227","pageEnd":"1236","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqab435","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/ajcn/nqab435"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35030239"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-treatments-and-the-risk-of-preterm-birth-among-women-with-subfertility-recpxh63cqyktiu3x/","name":"Fertility treatments and the risk of preterm birth among women with subfertility:  a linked-data retrospective cohort study","headline":"Fertility treatments and the risk of preterm birth among women with subfertility:  a linked-data retrospective cohort study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-treatments-and-the-risk-of-preterm-birth-among-women-with-subfertility-recpxh63cqyktiu3x/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S E Simonsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-7671","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christina A Porucznik","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1973-2917","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ahmad Hammoud","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7581-9024","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ken R Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0682-3705","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jessica N Sanders","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4487-1997","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2022-03-31","abstract":"Background: In vitro fertilization (IVF) births contribute to a considerable proportion of preterm birth (PTB) each year. However, there is no formal surveillance of adverse perinatal outcomes for less invasive fertility treatments. The study objective was to describe associations between fertility treatment (in vitro fertilization, intrauterine insemination, usually with ovulation drugs (IUI), or ovulation drugs alone) and preterm birth, compared to no treatment in subfertile women.\n\nMethods: The Fertility Experiences Study (FES) is a retrospective cohort study conducted at the University of Utah between April 2010 and September 2012. Women with a history of primary subfertility self-reported treatment data via survey and interviews. Participant data were linked to birth certificates and fetal death records to asses for perinatal outcomes, particularly preterm birth.\n\nResults: A total 487 birth certificates and 3 fetal death records were linked as first births for study participants who completed questionnaires. Among linked births, 19% had a PTB. After adjustment for maternal age, paternal age, maternal education, annual income, religious affiliation, female or male fertility diagnosis, and duration of subfertility, the odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for PTB were 2.17 (CI 0.99, 4.75) for births conceived using ovulation drugs, 3.17 (CI 1.4, 7.19) for neonates conceived using IUI and 4.24 (CI 2.05, 8.77) for neonates conceived by IVF, compared to women with subfertility who used no treatment during the month of conception. A reported diagnosis of female factor infertility increased the adjusted odds of having a PTB 2.99 (CI 1.5, 5.97). Duration of pregnancy attempt was not independently associated with PTB. In restricting analyses to singleton gestation, odds ratios were not significant for any type of treatment.\n\nConclusion: IVF, IUI, and ovulation drugs were all associated with a higher incidence of preterm birth and low birth weight, predominantly related to multiple gestation births.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproductive Health"}}},"pageStart":"83","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-022-01363-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q114600143"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s12978-022-01363-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35351163"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q114600143"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovarian-reserve-parameters-and-ivf-outcomes-in-510-women-with-poor-ovarian-respo-recpjkxdp2mtj8lpb/","name":"Ovarian reserve parameters and IVF outcomes in 510 women with poor ovarian  response (POR) treated with intraovarian injection of autologous platelet rich  plasma (PRP)","headline":"Ovarian reserve parameters and IVF outcomes in 510 women with poor ovarian  response (POR) treated with intraovarian injection of autologous platelet rich  plasma (PRP)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovarian-reserve-parameters-and-ivf-outcomes-in-510-women-with-poor-ovarian-respo-recpjkxdp2mtj8lpb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yigit Cakiroglu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2779-8599","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Acibadem Maslak Hospital Assisted Reproductive Technologies Unit, Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aysen Yuceturk","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7065-6588","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Acıbadem University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01rp2a061"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ozge Karaosmanoglu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8184-4747","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Acıbadem University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01rp2a061"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sule Yildirim Kopuk","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5020-8323","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Acıbadem University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01rp2a061"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zeynep Ece Utkan Korun","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1595-569X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Acıbadem University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01rp2a061"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nola S. Herlihy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3927-8272","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Thomas Jefferson University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ysqcn41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard T Scott","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2572-3980","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wilford Hall Ambulatory Surgical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/025m0q735"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bulent Tiras","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2297-3332","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Acibadem Maslak Hospital Assisted Reproductive Technologies Unit, Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emre Seli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7464-8203","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yale University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03v76x132"}}],"datePublished":"2022-03-24","abstract":"The aim of the current study was to characterize ovarian reserve parameters and IVF outcomes in women with a history of poor ovarian response (POR) treated with intraovarian injection of autologous platelet rich plasma (PRP). Reproductive age women (N=510; age range 30-45yo) diagnosed with POR based on Poseidon criteria were included in the study. PRP treatment resulted in higher AFC, higher serum AMH, lower serum FSH, and a higher number of mature oocytes and cleavage and blastocyst stage embryos. After PRP injection, 22 women (4.3%) conceived spontaneously, 14 (2.7%) were lost to follow up, and 474 (92.9%) attempted IVF. Among women who attempted IVF, 312 (65.8%) generated embryos and underwent embryo transfer, 83 (17.5%) achieved a pregnancy, and 54 (11.4%) achieved sustained implantation/live birth (SI/LB). In total, of the 510 women with POR and mean age of 40.3, PRP resulted in improvement of ovarian reserve parameters, a pregnancy rate of 20.5% and SI/LB rate of 12.9%. Our findings suggest that PRP treatment may be considered in women with POR. For wider clinical application, its clinical efficacy will need to be demonstrated in prospective randomized clinical trials.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Aging"}}},"pageStart":"2513","pageEnd":"2523","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.203972","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.18632/aging.203972"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35320118"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-infertility-with-atherosclerotic-cardiovascular-disease-among-pos-recwljtvuk0wuaqes/","name":"Association of infertility with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease among  postmenopausal participants in the Women's Health Initiative","headline":"Association of infertility with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease among  postmenopausal participants in the Women's Health Initiative","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-infertility-with-atherosclerotic-cardiovascular-disease-among-pos-recwljtvuk0wuaqes/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephanie A Leonard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8213-1319","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emily S Lau","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9361-6397","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aladdin H Shadyab","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9693-0522","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert A Wild","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1298-265X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0457zbj98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peter F. Schnatz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Reading Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04kk13p96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Suzan L Carmichael","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6310-5924","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nisha I Parikh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4531-9897","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leslie V Farland","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7455-8531","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine -...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gayathree Murugappan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4084-0365","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marcia L Stefanick","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0284-6996","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wake Forest University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0207ad724"}}],"datePublished":"2022-03-21","abstract":"Objective: To investigate the association of infertility with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) among postmenopausal participants in the Women's Health Initiative (WHI). We hypothesized that nulliparity and pregnancy loss may reveal more extreme phenotypes of infertility, enabling further understanding of the association of infertility with ASCVD.\nDesign: Prospective cohort study.\nSetting: Forty clinical centers in the United States. PATIENT(S): A total of 158,787 postmenopausal participants in the Women's Health Initiative cohort. INTERVENTION(S): Infertility, parity, and pregnancy loss. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The primary outcome was risk of ASCVD among women with and without a history of infertility, stratified by history of live birth and pregnancy loss. Cox proportional-hazards models were adjusted for demographics and risk factors for ASCVD. RESULT(S): Among 158,787 women, 25,933 (16.3%) reported a history of infertility; 20,427 (80%) had at least 1 live birth; and 9,062 (35%) had at least 1 pregnancy loss. There was a moderate overall association between infertility and ASCVD (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.02; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.99-1.06) over 19 years of follow-up. Among nulliparous women, infertility was associated with a 13% higher risk of ASCVD (95% CI, 1.04-1.23). Among nulliparous women who had a pregnancy loss, infertility was associated with a 36% higher risk of ASCVD (95% CI, 1.09-1.71). CONCLUSION(S): Women with a history of infertility overall had a moderately higher risk of ASCVD compared with women without a history of infertility. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk was much higher among nulliparous infertile women and among nulliparous infertile women who also had a pregnancy loss, suggesting that in these more extreme phenotypes, infertility may be associated with ASCVD risk.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"117","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1038","pageEnd":"1046","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2022.02.005","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2022.02.005"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35305814"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reply-to-the-association-between-cognitive-decline-and-bone-loss-and-fracture-ri-recig6jfwwwnkrosj/","name":"Reply to: The Association Between Cognitive Decline and Bone Loss and Fracture Risk Is Not Affected by Medication With Anticholinergic Effect","headline":"Reply to: The Association Between Cognitive Decline and Bone Loss and Fracture Risk Is Not Affected by Medication With Anticholinergic Effect","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reply-to-the-association-between-cognitive-decline-and-bone-loss-and-fracture-ri-recig6jfwwwnkrosj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dana Bliuc, Thach Tran, Jonathan D Adachi, Gerald J Atkins, Claudie Berger, Joop van den Bergh, Roberto Cappai, John A Eisman, Tineke van Geel, Piet Geusens, David Goltzman, David A Hanley, Robert Josse, Stephanie Kaiser, Christopher S Kovacs, Lisa Langsetmo, Jerilynn C Prior, Tuan V Nguyen, Lucian B Solomon, Catherine Stapledon, Jacqueline R Center"}],"datePublished":"2022-03-14","abstract":"To the Editors: We are grateful to Dr. Naharci for the interest in our study reporting the association between cognitive decline and bone loss and fracture risk. (1) We agree that bisphosphonates (BPs) have a proven effect on reducing bone loss and fracture risk. (2) Medication with anticholinergic (ACH) side effects may also affect cogni-tive function as well as propensity to fall and fracture, although these effects have not been demonstrated in all studies. (3) We did not include these medication classes in our models because in observational studies the relationship between medication and outcomes is likely driven by factors associated with medication use. This bias by indication can only be avoided by specific study design (ie, propensity score matching), which was beyond the scope of our study. (4) However, we have conducted additional analyses to determine the prevalence of BP and ACH medication in our cohort, the association between these medication classes and our study outcomes and the impact of the addition of these medication classes to our findings. BP and ACH use were self-reported and obtained by questionnaire at baseline, and years 5 and 10. Bone mineral density (BMD) was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and cognitive function using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) test during all clinical visits. Follow-up time for BMD","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"37","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"J Bone Miner Res"}}},"pageStart":"1075","pageEnd":"1076","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.4530","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/jbmr.4530"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35195305"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/study-on-influencing-factors-of-semen-quality-in-fertile-men-recmzapj5hv0wunik/","name":"Study on Influencing Factors of Semen Quality in Fertile Men","headline":"Study on Influencing Factors of Semen Quality in Fertile Men","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/study-on-influencing-factors-of-semen-quality-in-fertile-men-recmzapj5hv0wunik/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Naiqi Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5396-2313","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Qilu University of Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04hyzq608"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yiyuan Gao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6421-1251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chongqing Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/017z00e58"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xike Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0019-4197","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ge Yu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5436-1301","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harbin Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05jscf583"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fang Lv","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1872-781X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02xjrkt08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shu Wang"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Meifang Song","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3893-3167","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Beijing Academy of Science and Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ct4fn38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Haike Gu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0636-9335","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Beijing Academy of Science and Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ct4fn38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cuige Shi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Cell Biology, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shucheng Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7906-831X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Health Quality Center, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China."}}],"datePublished":"2022-03-12","abstract":"Objective: To establish a system for evaluation of semen quality in fertile men by factor analysis (FA).\n\nMethods: The FA method was used to analyze five sperm test indicators for fertile men (sperm pH, sperm motility, sperm progressive motility, semen density, and total sperm number) to determine the evaluation standard of semen quality. Pearson analysis was adopted for correlation testing.\n\nResults: The comprehensive score formula for semen quality of normal fertile men was as follows: comprehensive score of semen quality = (0.38272 F(1) + 0.36359 F(2) + 0.20018 F (3))/94.699. Across the whole fertile population, semen quality was found to be correlated with abstinence period, age of first spermatorrhea, and frequency of intercourse. Smoking, drinking, and place of residence were correlated with semen quality in the high semen quality population. In the population with medium semen quality, only the abstinence period was associated with semen quality.\n\nConclusion: It is feasible to evaluate the semen quality of fertile men using the FA method. The comprehensive indicators of semen volume, sperm motility, and semen pH can be used as evaluative measures. Across the whole fertile population, the abstinence period and age of first spermatorrhea were correlated with semen quality. In the high semen quality population, smoking and drinking were negatively correlated with semen quality, and participants living in rural areas had better semen quality.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Physiology"}},"pageStart":"813591","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.813591","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fphys.2022.813591"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35273518"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/psychiatric-symptoms-across-the-menstrual-cycle-in-adult-women-a-comprehensive-r-recrpdn8kg86xs1ng/","name":"Psychiatric Symptoms Across the Menstrual Cycle in Adult Women: A Comprehensive  Review","headline":"Psychiatric Symptoms Across the Menstrual Cycle in Adult Women: A Comprehensive  Review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/psychiatric-symptoms-across-the-menstrual-cycle-in-adult-women-a-comprehensive-r-recrpdn8kg86xs1ng/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ariel B Handy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2667-3791","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yonkers Partners in Education","sameAs":"https://ror.org/026m45d12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shelly F Greenfield","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9387-1416","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yonkers Partners in Education","sameAs":"https://ror.org/026m45d12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kimberly A Yonkers","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7326-7636","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yonkers Partners in Education","sameAs":"https://ror.org/026m45d12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laura A Payne","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5999-9101","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yonkers Partners in Education","sameAs":"https://ror.org/026m45d12"}}],"datePublished":"2022-03-11","abstract":"LEARNING Objective: After participating in this activity, learners should be better able to:• Discuss and outline the general and overlapping effects of the menstrual cycle on women's mental health. ABSTRACT: A growing body of research demonstrates menstrual cycle-dependent fluctuations in psychiatric symptoms; these fluctuations can therefore be considered as prevalent phenomena. Possible mechanisms underlying these fluctuations posit behavioral, psychological, and neuroendocrine influences. Recent reviews document cyclic exacerbation of symptoms and explore these mechanisms in the context of specific and often single disorders. The question remains, however, as to whether there are general and overlapping effects of the menstrual cycle on women's mental health. To address this gap, we synthesized the literature examining the exacerbation of a variety of psychiatric symptoms across the menstrual cycle in adult women. Results show that the premenstrual and menstrual phases are most consistently implicated in transdiagnostic symptom exacerbation. Specifically, strong evidence indicates increases in psychosis, mania, depression, suicide/suicide attempts, and alcohol use during these phases. Anxiety, stress, and binge eating appear to be elevated more generally throughout the luteal phase. The subjective effects of smoking and cocaine use are reduced during the luteal phase, but fewer data are available for other substances. Less consistent patterns are demonstrated for panic disorder, symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder, and borderline personality disorder, and it is difficult to draw conclusions for symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and trichotillomania because of the limited data. Future research should focus on developing standardized approaches to identifying menstrual cycle phases and adapting pharmacological and behavioral interventions for managing fluctuations in psychiatric symptoms across the menstrual cycle.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"30","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Harvard Review of Psychiatry"}}},"pageStart":"100","pageEnd":"117","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HRP.0000000000000329","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/HRP.0000000000000329"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35267252"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/does-scent-attractiveness-reveal-womens-ovulatory-timing-evidence-from-signal-de-92tyc2d9/","name":"Does scent attractiveness reveal women's ovulatory timing? Evidence from signal detection analyses and endocrine predictors of odour attractiveness","headline":"Does scent attractiveness reveal women's ovulatory timing? Evidence from signal detection analyses and endocrine predictors of odour attractiveness","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/does-scent-attractiveness-reveal-womens-ovulatory-timing-evidence-from-signal-de-92tyc2d9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mei M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Grillot RL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Abbey CK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emery Thompson M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roney JR"}],"datePublished":"2022-03-09","abstract":"Odour cues associated with shifts in ovarian hormones indicate ovulatory timing in females of many nonhuman species. Although prior evidence supports women's body odours smelling more attractive on days when conception is possible, that research has left ambiguous how diagnostic of ovulatory timing odour cues are, as well as whether shifts in odour attractiveness are correlated with shifts in ovarian hormones. Here, 46 women each provided six overnight scent and corresponding day saliva samples spaced five days apart, and completed luteinizing hormone tests to determine ovulatory timing. Scent samples collected near ovulation were rated more attractive, on average, relative to samples from the same women collected on other days. Importantly, however, signal detection analyses showed that rater discrimination of fertile window timing from odour attractiveness ratings was very poor. Within-women shifts in salivary oestradiol and progesterone were not significantly associated with within-women shifts in odour attractiveness. Between-women, mean oestradiol was positively associated with mean odour attractiveness. Our findings suggest that raters cannot reliably detect women's ovulatory timing from their scent attractiveness. The between-women effect of oestradiol raises the possibility that women's scents provide information about overall cycle fecundity, though further research is necessary to rigorously investigate this possibility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"289","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1970","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Proceedings. Biological sciences"}}},"pageStart":"20220026","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2022.0026","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1098/rspb.2022.0026"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35259990"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/patient-wise-methodology-to-assess-glycemic-health-status-applications-to-quanti-rec5arhw1p86xdxgv/","name":"Patient-Wise Methodology to Assess Glycemic Health Status: Applications to  Quantify the Efficacy and Physiological Targets of Polyphenols on Glycemic  Control","headline":"Patient-Wise Methodology to Assess Glycemic Health Status: Applications to  Quantify the Efficacy and Physiological Targets of Polyphenols on Glycemic  Control","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/patient-wise-methodology-to-assess-glycemic-health-status-applications-to-quanti-rec5arhw1p86xdxgv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sebastian Contreras","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1468-412X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0087djs12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"María Florencia Tevy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8915-1328","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047gc3g35"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Medina-Ortiz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9388-1861","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047gc3g35"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrés Leschot","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3533-2844","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Monuments Council","sameAs":"https://ror.org/005p07d97"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carlos Conca","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3891-0846","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047gc3g35"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Álvaro Olivera-Nappa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6053-7019","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047gc3g35"}}],"datePublished":"2022-03-08","abstract":"A growing body of evidence indicates that dietary polyphenols could be used as an early intervention to treat glucose-insulin (G-I) dysregulation. However, studies report heterogeneous information, and the targets of the intervention remain largely elusive. In this work, we provide a general methodology to quantify the effects of any given polyphenol-rich food or formulae over glycemic regulation in a patient-wise manner using an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT). We use a mathematical model to represent individual OGTT curves as the coordinated action of subsystems, each one described by a parameter with physiological interpretation. Using the parameter values calculated for a cohort of 1198 individuals, we propose a statistical model to calculate the risk of dysglycemia and the coordination among subsystems for each subject, thus providing a continuous and individual health assessment. This method allows identifying individuals at high risk of dysglycemia-which would have been missed with traditional binary diagnostic methods-enabling early nutritional intervention with a polyphenol-supplemented diet where it is most effective and desirable. Besides, the proposed methodology assesses the effectiveness of interventions over time when applied to the OGTT curves of a treated individual. We illustrate the use of this method in a case study to assess the dose-dependent effects of Delphinol® on reducing dysglycemia risk and improving the coordination between subsystems. Finally, this strategy enables, on the one hand, the use of low-cost, non-invasive methods in population-scale nutritional studies. On the other hand, it will help practitioners assess the effectiveness of an intervention based on individual vulnerabilities and adapt the treatment to manage dysglycemia and avoid its progression into disease.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Nutrition"}},"pageStart":"831696","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.831696","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fnut.2022.831696"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35252308"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/impact-of-progesterone-on-the-gastrointestinal-tract-a-comprehensive-literature--muvkdoyh/","name":"Impact of progesterone on the gastrointestinal tract: a comprehensive literature review","headline":"Impact of progesterone on the gastrointestinal tract: a comprehensive literature review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/impact-of-progesterone-on-the-gastrointestinal-tract-a-comprehensive-literature--muvkdoyh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Coquoz A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Regli D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stute P","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5591-1552"}],"datePublished":"2022-03-07","abstract":"Women are more prone to gastrointestinal symptoms than men. A comprehensive literature search was performed to assess the impact of sex steroid hormone, especially progesterone, on the (healthy and diseased) gastrointestinal tract. Overall, 37 articles were identified. Based on these we conclude that progesterone has a dose-dependent and sex-dependent effect on gastric emptying (especially in mammals), slows down gastrointestinal motility, reduces the gallbladder's response to contractile stimulants, may support gastroesophageal reflux by reducing the esophageal sphincter pressure, may protect from Helicobacter pylori infection gastrointestinal sequelae (especially in mammals) and does not affect inflammatory bowel disease-specific symptoms. However, for several gastrointestinal symptoms and diseases no studies have yet been performed addressing the impact of sex hormone steroids.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Climacteric"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13697137.2022.2033203","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/13697137.2022.2033203"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35253565"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/myoinositol-for-insulin-resistance-metabolic-syndrome-polycystic-ovary-syndrome--oojxywg2/","name":"Myo-inositol for insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, polycystic ovary syndrome and gestational diabetes","headline":"Myo-inositol for insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, polycystic ovary syndrome and gestational diabetes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/myoinositol-for-insulin-resistance-metabolic-syndrome-polycystic-ovary-syndrome--oojxywg2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"DiNicolantonio JJ","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7888-1528"},{"@type":"Person","name":"H O'Keefe J"}],"datePublished":"2022-03-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Open heart"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1136/openhrt-2022-001989","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/openhrt-2022-001989"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35236761"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-hormonal-contraceptives-on-dry-eye-disease-a-populationbased-study-qwyaxabs/","name":"Effects of hormonal contraceptives on dry eye disease: a population-based study","headline":"Effects of hormonal contraceptives on dry eye disease: a population-based study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-hormonal-contraceptives-on-dry-eye-disease-a-populationbased-study-qwyaxabs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"He B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Iovieno A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Etminan M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kezouh A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yeung SN"}],"datePublished":"2022-03-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Hormonal contraceptives (HCs) are a known risk factor for dry eye disease (DED), yet the relationship between HCs use and DED in women of child-bearing age remains debatable. The aim of this study was to determine the association between HCs and DED in females of reproductive age.\n\nMETHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study using data from IQVIA's electronic medical record (IQVIA, USA). 4,871,504 women (age 15-45) between 2008 and 2018 were followed to the first diagnosis of DED as defined by an ICD-9/10 code. DED cases also required at least two prescriptions of cyclosporine or lifitegrast topical drops within 60 days of the first code. The date of the first code was designated as the index date. Regular HCs users needed to have at least two prescriptions in both the first year and second year prior to the index date. For each case, five controls were selected and matched to cases by age and follow-up time. A conditional logistic regression model was used to adjust for confounders of DED and to calculate odds ratios (ORs).\n\nRESULTS: HCs users were at a higher risk for DED than non-users. Regular users of HCs were more likely to develop DED (ORs = 2.73, 95% CI [2.21-3.73]) than irregular users. Those who used a greater number of HCs were at a higher risk for DED.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: This study indicates an increased risk of DED with HCs use in women of child-bearing age.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"36","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Eye (London, England)"}}},"pageStart":"634","pageEnd":"638","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-021-01517-x","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/s41433-021-01517-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33824509"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/primary-dysmenorrhea-pathophysiology-diagnosis-and-treatment-updates-znwacczn/","name":"Primary Dysmenorrhea: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment Updates","headline":"Primary Dysmenorrhea: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment Updates","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/primary-dysmenorrhea-pathophysiology-diagnosis-and-treatment-updates-znwacczn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Itani R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Soubra L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karout S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rahme D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karout L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Khojah HMJ"}],"datePublished":"2022-03-01","abstract":"Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) is a common, disregarded, underdiagnosed, and inadequately treated complaint of both young and adult females. It is characterized by painful cramps in the lower abdomen, which start shortly before or at the onset of menses and which could last for 3 days. In particular, PD negatively impacts the quality of life (QOL) of young females and is the main reason behind their absenteeism from school or work. It is suggested that increased intrauterine secretion of prostaglandins F2α and E2 are responsible for the pelvic pain associated with this disorder. Its associated symptoms are physical and/or psychological. Its physical symptoms include headache, lethargy, sleep disturbances, tender breasts, various body pains, disturbed appetite, nausea, vomiting, constipation or diarrhea, and increased urination, whereas its psychological symptoms include mood disturbances, such as anxiety, depression, and irritability. While its diagnosis is based on patients' history, symptoms, and physical examination, its treatment aims to improve the QOL through the administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, hormonal contraceptives, and/or the use of non-pharmacological aids (e.g., topical heat application and exercise). Patients must be monitored to measure their response to treatment, assess their adherence, observe potential side effects, and perform further investigations, if needed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"43","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Korean journal of family medicine"}}},"pageStart":"101","pageEnd":"108","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.21.0103","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4082/kjfm.21.0103"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35320895"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/periodontal-disease-and-preterm-delivery-a-nationwide-populationbased-cohort-stu-10pjfqby/","name":"Periodontal disease and preterm delivery: a nationwide population-based cohort study of Taiwan","headline":"Periodontal disease and preterm delivery: a nationwide population-based cohort study of Taiwan","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/periodontal-disease-and-preterm-delivery-a-nationwide-populationbased-cohort-stu-10pjfqby/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lee YL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hu HY"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chou SY"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lin CL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cheng FS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yu YC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dinh‐Toi Chu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4596-2022","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute for Reproductive and Family Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/058zs5j81"}}],"datePublished":"2022-02-28","abstract":"Preterm delivery of low-birth weight infants is considered a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among neonates. Various studies have reported a positive correlation between periodontal disease (PD) and premature birth (PB) and yet no population-based study has assessed the impact of PD severity and treatments on premature birth. This cohort study used Taiwan's national medical records (1999-2012, included 1,757,774 pregnant women) to investigate the association between PD severity and PB. Women with PD during the 2-year period prior for giving birth were more likely to have PB (11.38%) than those without PD (10.56%; p < 0.001). After variables adjustment, the advanced PD group had OR of 1.09 (95% CI 1.07-1.11) for PB, the mild PD group had OR of 1.05 (95% CI 1.04-1.06), while no-PD group had OR of 1. Increased PD severity was related to higher risk of PB. When stratified by age, the highest ORs for PB were those aged from 31 to 35 years in both mild PD group (OR = 1.09, 95% CI 1.07-1.11) and advanced PD group (OR = 1.13, 95% CI 1.09-1.17). Improving periodontal health before or during pregnancy may prevent or reduce the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcomes and therefore maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Scientific Reports"}}},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-07425-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39102996"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/s41598-022-07425-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39102996"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prospective-analyses-of-sexgender-related-publication-decisions-in-general-medic-recjp2fx6gdaugian/","name":"Prospective analyses of sex/gender-related publication decisions in general  medical journals: editorial rejection of population-based women's reproductive  physiology","headline":"Prospective analyses of sex/gender-related publication decisions in general  medical journals: editorial rejection of population-based women's reproductive  physiology","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prospective-analyses-of-sexgender-related-publication-decisions-in-general-medic-recjp2fx6gdaugian/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Dharani Kalidasan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8098-3435","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joan C. Chrisler","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Connecticut College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01hpqfm28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Helen Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8437-9702","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Azita Goshtasebi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2022-02-27","abstract":"Objective: To assess whether editorial desk rejection at general medical journals (without peer review) of two clinical research manuscripts may relate to author gender or women's physiology topics. Given evidence for bias related to women in science and medicine, and editorial board attitudes, our hypothesis was that submissions by women authors, on women's reproductive, non-disease topics received differential editorial assessment.\nDesign: A prospective investigation of publications, author gender and topics in general medical journals in two issues following the editorial rejections of two clinical research manuscripts by five major English-language general medical journals. The rejected manuscripts (subsequently published in lower impact journals) described research funded by national granting bodies, in population-based samples, authored by well-published women scientists at accredited institutions and describing innovative women's reproductive physiology results.\nSetting: Tertiary academic medical centre.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: All clinical research published in the two issues following rejection date by each of the five major general medical journals were examined for first/senior author gender. The publication topic was assessed for its gendered population relevance, whether disease or physiology focused, and its funding. Rejection letters assessed editor gender and status.\n\nResults: Women were underrepresented as original research authors; men were 84% of senior and 69% of first authors. There were no, non-disease focused publications relating to women's health, although most topics were relevant to both genders. The majority (80%) of rejection letters appeared to be written by junior-ranked women editors.\n\nConclusion: Sex/gender accountability is necessary for clinical research-based editorial decisions by major general medical journals. Suggestions to improve gender equity in general medical journal publication: (1) an editorial board sex/gender champion with power to advocate for manuscripts that are well-performed research of relevance to women's health/physiology; (2) an editorial rejection adjudication committee to review author challenges; and (3) gender parity in double-blind peer review.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ Open"}}},"pageStart":"e057854","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057854","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q122932974"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057854"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35217542"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q122932974"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/an-outdoor-aging-study-to-investigate-the-release-of-per-and-polyfluoroalkyl-sub-gzfgsabv/","name":"An Outdoor Aging Study to Investigate the Release of Per- And Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) from Functional Textiles","headline":"An Outdoor Aging Study to Investigate the Release of Per- And Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) from Functional Textiles","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/an-outdoor-aging-study-to-investigate-the-release-of-per-and-polyfluoroalkyl-sub-gzfgsabv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Schellenberger S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Liagkouridis I"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Awad R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sumaiya Khan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4464-0064","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Silesian University of Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02dyjk442"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Plassmann M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peters G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Benskin JP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cousins IT"}],"datePublished":"2022-02-25","abstract":"The emission of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from functional textiles was investigated via an outdoor weathering experiment in Sydney, Australia. Polyamide (PA) textile fabrics treated with different water-repellent, side-chain fluorinated polymers (SFPs) were exposed on a rooftop to multiple natural stressors, including direct sunlight, precipitation, wind, and heat for 6-months. After weathering, additional stress was applied to the fabrics through abrasion and washing. Textile characterization using a multiplatform analytical approach revealed loss of both PFAS-containing textile fragments (e.g., microfibers) as well as formation and loss of low molecular weight PFAS, both of which occurred throughout weathering. These changes were accompanied by a loss of color and water repellency of the textile. The potential formation of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) from mobile residuals was quantified by oxidative conversion of extracts from unweathered textiles. Each SFP-textile finish emitted a distinct PFAA pattern following weathering, and in some cases the concentrations exceeded regulatory limits for textiles. In addition to transformation of residual low molecular weight PFAA-precursors, release of polymeric PFAS from degradation and loss of textile fibers/particles contributed to overall PFAS emissions during weathering.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"56","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environmental Science &amp; Technology"}}},"pageStart":"3471","pageEnd":"3479","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c06812","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1021/acs.est.1c06812"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assessing-the-role-of-adolescent-hormonal-contraceptive-use-on-risk-for-depressi-recgyjqcjev3dkf2g/","name":"Assessing the role of adolescent hormonal contraceptive use on risk for  depression: a 3-year longitudinal study protocol","headline":"Assessing the role of adolescent hormonal contraceptive use on risk for  depression: a 3-year longitudinal study protocol","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assessing-the-role-of-adolescent-hormonal-contraceptive-use-on-risk-for-depressi-recgyjqcjev3dkf2g/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bita Zareian","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7818-0708","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine Anderl","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5035-4921","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joelle LeMoult","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0931-2855","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Liisa A M Galea","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2874-9972","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jason D Rights","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3784-9772","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Colin J Ross","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1476-7037","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sabrina Ge","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0156-015X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Frances S Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2322-1095","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Psychology University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Annie C Hayward","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2022-02-25","abstract":"Background: The incidence of depression in human females rises steadily throughout adolescence, a critical period of pubertal maturation marked by increasing levels of gonadal hormones including estrogens and progesterone. These gonadal hormones play a central role in social and emotional development and may also contribute to the increased occurrence of depression in females that begins in early adolescence. In this study, we examine whether and how introducing synthetic estrogen and progestin derivatives through the use of combined hormonal contraceptives (CHC), affects adolescent females' risk for developing depression. We further assess potential links between CHC use and alterations in stress responses and social-emotional functioning.\n\nMethods: Using a longitudinal cohort design, we will follow a sample of adolescent females over the span of three years. Participants will be assessed at three time points: once when they are between 13 and 15 years of age, and at approximately 18 and 36 months after their initial assessment. Each time point will consist of two online sessions during which participants will complete a clinical interview that screens for key symptoms of mental health disorders, along with a series of questionnaires assessing their level of depressive symptoms and history of contraceptive use. They will also complete a standardized social-evaluative stress test and an emotion recognition task, as well as provide saliva samples to allow for assessment of their circulating free cortisol levels.\n\nDISCUSSION: In this study we will assess the effect of CHC use during adolescence on development of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). We will control for variables previously found to or proposed to partially account for the observed relationship between CHC use and MDD, including socioeconomic status, age of sexual debut, and CHC-related variables including age of first use, reasons for use, and its duration. In particular, we will discover whether CHC use increases depressive symptoms and/or MDD, whether elevated depressive symptoms and/or MDD predict a higher likelihood of starting CHC, or both. Furthermore, this study will allow us to clarify whether alterations in stress reactivity and social-emotional functioning serve as pathways through which CHC use may result in increased risk of depressive symptoms and/or MDD.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMC Women's Health"}}},"pageStart":"48","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-022-01623-2","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s12905-022-01623-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35197045"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-awareness-and-subclinical-infertility-among-women-trying-to-get-pregna-n4rce2a8/","name":"Fertility awareness and subclinical infertility among women trying to get pregnant at home","headline":"Fertility awareness and subclinical infertility among women trying to get pregnant at home","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-awareness-and-subclinical-infertility-among-women-trying-to-get-pregna-n4rce2a8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Iino K","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0962-1159"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fukuhara R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yokota M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yokoyama Y","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-512X"}],"datePublished":"2022-02-20","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Recent studies on fertility awareness among the reproductive population have reported the lack of accurate knowledge about fertility and assisted reproductive technologies. However, there has been little information regarding women trying to get pregnant at home. The aim of this study was to explore the prevalence of subclinical infertility among women trying to get pregnant at home, and to evaluate awareness regarding infertility and reasons for not visiting infertility clinics among women who use pregnancy-assist mobile applications to help them conceive.\n\nMETHODS: A total of 2084 Japanese women responded to this online survey. We selected 1541 women according to the study criteria. Based on the results of 61 questions, we evaluated knowledge regarding fertility, prevalence of subclinical infertility, and reasons for not visiting the clinic among the participants.\n\nRESULTS: Despite the desire to conceive, the participants had an apparent tendency to overestimate the age limit for childbearing. A total of 338 (21.9%) women answered that in general women aged > 45 years could get pregnant. Approximately 40% of the women had possible subclinical infertility and were unaware of the fact. Additionally, about 70% of the women considered themselves to have infertility problems. Women who were aware of the possibility of infertility hesitated to visit the clinic due to unfamiliarity with a gynecologist or clinic, and apprehensions about the gynecologic examination.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: In our study, some women required treatment for infertility. Nonetheless, they hesitated to visit an infertility clinic. Sexual health education, together with proper accessibility to gynecology clinics, are necessary to reduce involuntary childlessness.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMC women's health"}}},"pageStart":"43","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-022-01626-z","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s12905-022-01626-z"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35184726"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-surveillance-united-states-2018-3ba9y9ql/","name":"Assisted Reproductive Technology Surveillance - United States, 2018","headline":"Assisted Reproductive Technology Surveillance - United States, 2018","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-surveillance-united-states-2018-3ba9y9ql/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Saswati Sunderam","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dmitry M. Kissin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6483-0474","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yue Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4745-8038","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jewett A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sheree L. Boulet","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7638-7374","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lee Warner","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kroelinger CD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wanda D. Barfield","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5875-0475","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}}],"datePublished":"2022-02-18","abstract":"PROBLEM/CONDITION: Since the first US infant conceived with assisted reproductive technology (ART) was born in 1981, both the use of ART and the number of fertility clinics providing ART services have increased steadily in the United States. ART includes fertility treatments in which eggs or embryos are handled in the laboratory (i.e., in vitro fertilization and related procedures). Although the majority of infants conceived through ART are singletons, women who undergo ART procedures are more likely than women who conceive naturally to have multiple births because multiple embryos might be transferred. Multiple births can pose substantial risks for both mothers and infants, including obstetric complications, preterm birth, and low birthweight. This report provides state-specific information for the United States (including the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico) on ART procedures performed in 2018 and compares birth outcomes that occurred in 2018 (resulting from ART procedures performed in 2017 and 2018) with outcomes for all infants born in the United States in 2018. PERIOD COVERED: 2018. DESCRIPTION OF SYSTEM: In 1995, CDC began collecting data on ART procedures performed in fertility clinics in the United States as mandated by the Fertility Clinic Success Rate and Certification Act of 1992 (Public Law 102-493). Data are collected through the National ART Surveillance System (NASS), a web-based data collection system developed by CDC. This report includes data from the 50 US states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. RESULTS: In 2018, a total of 203,119 ART procedures (range: 196 in Alaska to 26,028 in California) were performed in 456 US fertility clinics and reported to CDC. These procedures resulted in 73,831 live-birth deliveries (range: 76 in Puerto Rico and Wyoming to 9,666 in California) and 81,478 infants born (range: 84 in Wyoming to 10,620 in California). Nationally, among women aged 15-44 years, the rate of ART procedures performed was 3,135 per 1 million women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"MMWR Surveillance Summaries"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.ss7104a1","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.15585/mmwr.ss7104a1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35176012"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/optimization-of-cervical-cancer-screening-a-stacking-integrated-machine-learning-algorithm-based-on-demographic-behavioral-and-clinical-factors-recmzsatehxwqzuog/","name":"Optimization of Cervical Cancer Screening: A Stacking-Integrated Machine Learning Algorithm Based on Demographic, Behavioral, and Clinical Factors","headline":"Optimization of Cervical Cancer Screening: A Stacking-Integrated Machine Learning Algorithm Based on Demographic, Behavioral, and Clinical Factors","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/optimization-of-cervical-cancer-screening-a-stacking-integrated-machine-learning-algorithm-based-on-demographic-behavioral-and-clinical-factors-recmzsatehxwqzuog/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Liuqing Yang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2248-1066","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiyao Liu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2556-6556","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/033vnzz93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhipeng Qi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2002-3166","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Xuzhou Medical College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04fe7hy80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qian Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3854-2495","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chongqing Public Health Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04dcmpg83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bin Peng","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4158-3583","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chongqing Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/017z00e58"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peng B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yiyuan Gao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6421-1251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chongqing Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/017z00e58"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zheng Liu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6179-0822","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chongqing Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/017z00e58"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lei Sun","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5260-0600","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lan Tang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2073-5477","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chongqing Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/017z00e58"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qi Zeng","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4167-321X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059cjpv64"}}],"datePublished":"2022-02-15","abstract":"Purpose: The purpose is to accurately identify women at high risk of developing cervical cancer so as to optimize cervical screening strategies and make better use of medical resources. However, the predictive models currently in use require clinical physiological and biochemical indicators, resulting in a smaller scope of application. Stacking-integrated machine learning (SIML) is an advanced machine learning technique that combined multiple learning algorithms to improve predictive performance. This study aimed to develop a stacking-integrated model that can be used to identify women at high risk of developing cervical cancer based on their demographic, behavioral, and historical clinical factors.\n\nMethods: The data of 858 women screened for cervical cancer at a Venezuelan Hospital were used to develop the SIML algorithm. The screening data were randomly split into training data (80%) that were used to develop the algorithm and testing data (20%) that were used to validate the accuracy of the algorithms. The random forest (RF) model and univariate logistic regression were used to identify predictive features for developing cervical cancer. Twelve well-known ML algorithms were selected, and their performances in predicting cervical cancer were compared. A correlation coefficient matrix was used to cluster the models based on their performance. The SIML was then developed using the best-performing techniques. The sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) of all models were calculated.\n\nResults: The RF model identified 18 features predictive of developing cervical cancer. The use of hormonal contraceptives was considered as the most important risk factor, followed by the number of pregnancies, years of smoking, and the number of sexual partners. The SIML algorithm had the best overall performance when compared with other methods and reached an AUC, sensitivity, and specificity of 0.877, 81.8%, and 81.9%, respectively.\n\nConclusion: This study shows that SIML can be used to accurately identify women at high risk of developing cervical cancer. This model could be used to personalize the screening program by optimizing the screening interval and care plan in highand low-risk patients based on their demographics, behavioral patterns, and clinical data.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Front Oncol"}},"pageStart":"821453","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2022.821453","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fonc.2022.821453"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35242711"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metabolic-syndrome-among-patients-with-polycystic-ovarian-syndrome-presenting-to-naeswibg/","name":"Metabolic Syndrome among Patients with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Presenting to a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study","headline":"Metabolic Syndrome among Patients with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Presenting to a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metabolic-syndrome-among-patients-with-polycystic-ovarian-syndrome-presenting-to-naeswibg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ayush Giri","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6886-4401","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anagha Joshi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8444-8210","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bergen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03zga2b32"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunil Shrestha","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9174-7120","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bhaktapur Cancer Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/048g5yp93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anis Ahmad Chaudhary","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1506-7836","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Imam Mohammad ibn Saud Islamic University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05gxjyb39"}}],"datePublished":"2022-02-15","abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Metabolic syndrome in polycystic ovarian syndrome is associated with a long-term risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. This study aims to find the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome presenting to a tertiary care hospital.\n\nMETHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done on women attending the obstetrics and gynecology outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital from June 2020 to May 2021. A total of 106 women diagnosed with polycystic ovarian syndrome using Rotterdam criteria 2003 were recruited for the study and cases of metabolic syndrome was defined according to the modified American Heart Association/National Heart Lung and Blood Institute. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee of Nepal Medical College and Teaching Hospital (Reference number: 001-077/078). Convenience sampling was done. The collected data was entered and analyzed in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 21. Calculation of point estimate at 95% confidence interval was done along with frequency and proportion for binary data.\n\nRESULTS: Among 106 women with polycystic ovarian syndrome, 50 (47.1%) had metabolic syndrome (37.59-56.60 at 95% Confidence Interval). The most common component of metabolic syndrome was low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in 90 (84.9%) followed by central obesity in 60 (56.6%), hypertriglyceridemia in 47 (44.33%), high fasting sugar in 34 (32.07%), and high blood pressure in 14 (13.2%).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome among patients with the polycystic ovarian syndrome was similar to other studies done in similar settings.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"60","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"246","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association"}}},"pageStart":"137","pageEnd":"141","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.31729/jnma.7221","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.31729/jnma.7221"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35210633"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-actions-and-resistance-in-gynecological-disorders-lgujbgvj/","name":"Progesterone Actions and Resistance in Gynecological Disorders","headline":"Progesterone Actions and Resistance in Gynecological Disorders","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-actions-and-resistance-in-gynecological-disorders-lgujbgvj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"MacLean JA 2nd"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kunihiko Hayashi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4648-3936","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Gunma University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/046fm7598"}}],"datePublished":"2022-02-13","abstract":"Estrogen and progesterone and their signaling mechanisms are tightly regulated to maintain a normal menstrual cycle and to support a successful pregnancy. The imbalance of estrogen and progesterone disrupts their complex regulatory mechanisms, leading to estrogen dominance and progesterone resistance. Gynecological diseases are heavily associated with dysregulated steroid hormones and can induce chronic pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, heavy bleeding, and infertility, which substantially impact the quality of women's lives. Because the menstrual cycle repeatably occurs during reproductive ages with dynamic changes and remodeling of reproductive-related tissues, these alterations can accumulate and induce chronic and recurrent conditions. This review focuses on faulty progesterone signaling mechanisms and cellular responses to progesterone in endometriosis, adenomyosis, leiomyoma (uterine fibroids), polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and endometrial hyperplasia. We also summarize the association with gene mutations and steroid hormone regulation in disease progression as well as current hormonal therapies and the clinical consequences of progesterone resistance.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cells"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11040647","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/cells11040647"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35203298"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluation-of-low-dose-aspirin-in-the-prevention-of-recurrent-spontaneous-preter-rec5w4bjaeyjyajvp/","name":"Evaluation of low-dose aspirin in the prevention of recurrent spontaneous preterm  labour (the APRIL study): A multicentre, randomised, double-blinded,  placebo-controlled trial","headline":"Evaluation of low-dose aspirin in the prevention of recurrent spontaneous preterm  labour (the APRIL study): A multicentre, randomised, double-blinded,  placebo-controlled trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluation-of-low-dose-aspirin-in-the-prevention-of-recurrent-spontaneous-preter-rec5w4bjaeyjyajvp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Landman AJEMC, de Boer MA, Visser L, Nijman TAJ, Hemels MAC, Naaktgeboren CN, van der Weide MC, Mol BW, van Laar JOEH, Papatsonis DNM, Bekker MN, van Drongelen J, van Pampus MG, Sueters M, van der Ham DP, Sikkema JM, Zwart JJ, Huisjes AJM, van Huizen ME, Kleiverda G, Boon J, Franssen MTM, Hermes W, Visser H, de Groot CJM, Oudijk MA"}],"datePublished":"2022-02-02","abstract":"Background: Preterm birth is the leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. The recurrence rate of spontaneous preterm birth is high, and additional preventive measures are required. Our objective was to assess the effectiveness of low-dose aspirin compared to placebo in the prevention of preterm birth in women with a previous spontaneous preterm birth. METHODS AND\n\nFindings: We performed a parallel multicentre, randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial (the APRIL study). The study was performed in 8 tertiary and 26 secondary care hospitals in the Netherlands. We included women with a singleton pregnancy and a history of spontaneous preterm birth of a singleton between 22 and 37 weeks. Participants were randomly assigned to aspirin 80 mg daily or placebo initiated between 8 and 16 weeks of gestation and continued until 36 weeks or delivery. Randomisation was computer generated, with allocation concealment by using sequentially numbered medication containers. Participants, their healthcare providers, and researchers were blinded for treatment allocation. The primary outcome was preterm birth <37 weeks of gestation. Secondary outcomes included a composite of poor neonatal outcome (bronchopulmonary dysplasia, periventricular leukomalacia > grade 1, intraventricular hemorrhage > grade 2, necrotising enterocolitis > stage 1, retinopathy of prematurity, culture proven sepsis, or perinatal death). Analyses were performed by intention to treat. From May 31, 2016 to June 13, 2019, 406 women were randomised to aspirin (n = 204) or placebo (n = 202). A total of 387 women (81.1% of white ethnic origin, mean age 32.5 ± SD 3.8) were included in the final analysis: 194 women were allocated to aspirin and 193 to placebo. Preterm birth <37 weeks occurred in 41 (21.2%) women in the aspirin group and 49 (25.4%) in the placebo group (relative risk (RR) 0.83, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.58 to 1.20, p = 0.32). In women with ≥80% medication adherence, preterm birth occurred in 24 (19.2%) versus 30 (24.8%) women (RR 0.77, 95% CI 0.48 to 1.25, p = 0.29). The rate of the composite of poor neonatal outcome was 4.6% (n = 9) versus 2.6% (n = 5) (RR 1.79, 95% CI 0.61 to 5.25, p = 0.29). Among all randomised women, serious adverse events occurred in 11 out of 204 (5.4%) women allocated to aspirin and 11 out of 202 (5.4%) women allocated to placebo. None of these serious adverse events was considered to be associated with treatment allocation. The main study limitation is the underpowered sample size due to the lower than expected preterm birth rates.\n\nConclusions: In this study, we observed that low-dose aspirin did not significantly reduce the preterm birth rate in women with a previous spontaneous preterm birth. However, a modest reduction of preterm birth with aspirin cannot be ruled out. Further research is required to determine a possible beneficial effect of low-dose aspirin for women with a previous spontaneous preterm birth.\n\nTrial Registration: Dutch Trial Register (NL5553, NTR5675) https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/5553.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"PLoS Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"e1003892","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003892","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1371/journal.pmed.1003892"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35104279"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/identifying-dermal-exposure-as-the-dominant-pathway-of-childrens-exposure-to-fla-6pefcag5/","name":"Identifying dermal exposure as the dominant pathway of children's exposure to flame retardants in kindergartens","headline":"Identifying dermal exposure as the dominant pathway of children's exposure to flame retardants in kindergartens","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/identifying-dermal-exposure-as-the-dominant-pathway-of-childrens-exposure-to-fla-6pefcag5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yubo Fan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Peking Union Medical College Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04jztag35"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qian Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3854-2495","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chongqing Public Health Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04dcmpg83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhaoyi Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2390-1368","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangdong Province Women and Children Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0493m8x04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiqian Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9305-8142","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangdong Province Women and Children Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0493m8x04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jianhui Zhao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7605-5268","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiaojie Huang"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wei P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hu P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cao Z"}],"datePublished":"2022-02-01","abstract":"Exploration of multiple sources of brominated (BFRs) and organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) for children promotes the understanding of exposure pathways and health risk. 10 BFRs and 9 OPFRs were measured in skin wipes from hands, forehead, and arms of 30 children, and surface wipe samples from sills, toys, desks and floors, and indoor air samples of kindergartens from Xinxiang, China. Higher ∑9OPFRs concentrations were observed in the forehead (1840 ng/m2), followed by hand (1420 ng/m2) and arm wipes (1130 ng/m2), and the ∑8BFRs concentrations in forehead, hand and arm wipes were 116, 315 and 165 ng/m2, respectively. The total concentration of OPFRs and BFRs in floor wipes (66.1 and 24.5 ng/m2) were lower than those in toy (205 and 535 ng/m2), sill (227 and 30.1 ng/m2) and desk (84.4 and 139 ng/m2) wipes. Concentrations of FRs in forehead wipes were significantly correlated with those in gaseous air (p < 0.05), moderate correlations were found between the hand wipes and surface wipes (p = 0.054). We estimated the daily average dosages (DADs) of children exposure to FRs via multiple pathways. Compared to DADs via inhalation and hand-to-mouth transfer, dermal exposure was determined to be the predominant exposure pathway to ∑9OPFRs and ∑8BFRs.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"808","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Science of The Total Environment"}},"pageStart":"152004","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152004","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152004"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/multisite-effectiveness-study-of-the-marquette-method-of-natural-family-planning-program-reckeirwjfktj9ggl/","name":"Multisite Effectiveness Study of the Marquette Method of Natural Family Planning Program","headline":"Multisite Effectiveness Study of the Marquette Method of Natural Family Planning Program","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/multisite-effectiveness-study-of-the-marquette-method-of-natural-family-planning-program-reckeirwjfktj9ggl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas P Bouchard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5774-0286","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Calgary","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qiyan Mu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0550-784X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}}],"datePublished":"2022-02-01","abstract":"Women of reproductive age need reliable and effective family planning methods to manage their fertility. Natural family planning (NFP) methods or fertility awareness-based methods (FABMs) have been increasingly used by women due to their health benefits. Nevertheless, effectiveness of these natural methods remains inconsistent, and these methods are difficult for healthcare providers to implement in their clinical practice. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the Marquette Model NFP system to avoid pregnancy for women at multiple teaching sites using twelve months of retrospectively collected teaching data. Survival analysis (Kaplan-Meier) was used to determine typical unintended pregnancy rates for a total of 1,221 women. There were forty-two unintended pregnancies which provided a typical use unintended pregnancy rate of 6.7 per 100 women over twelve months of use. Eleven of the forty-two unintended pregnancies were associated with correct use of the method. The total unintended pregnancy rate over twelve months of use was 2.8 per 100 for women with regular cycles, 8.0 per 100 women for the postpartum and breastfeeding women, and 4.3 per 100 for women with irregular menstrual cycles. The Marquette Model system of NFP was effective when provided by health professionals who completed the Marquette Model NFP teacher training program.\nSummary: This study involved determining whether healthcare professionals at ten sites across the United States and Canada trained to provide the Marquette Method NFP services can replicate the effectiveness demonstrated in previous studies of the method. We found a high level of effectiveness (i.e., very low pregnancy rates) in using the Marquette Method among women from various regions across North America with diverse reproductive backgrounds and in particular when using hormonal fertility marker. Healthcare providers who have been trained to teach NFP can successfully incorporate NFP services in their practice and assist their clients in choosing appropriate family planning methods.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"89","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"64","pageEnd":"72","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/0024363920957515","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q140366017"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/0024363920957515"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35321484"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q140366017"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-contraceptives-and-risk-of-inflammatory-bowel-disease-a-nested-casecontro-q0lp4hfd/","name":"Use of contraceptives and risk of inflammatory bowel disease: a nested case-control study","headline":"Use of contraceptives and risk of inflammatory bowel disease: a nested case-control study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-contraceptives-and-risk-of-inflammatory-bowel-disease-a-nested-casecontro-q0lp4hfd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Pasvol TJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bloom S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Segal AW"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rait G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Horsfall L"}],"datePublished":"2022-02-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: How contraceptive formulation, dose, duration of therapy and mode of delivery affects the risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is poorly described.\n\nAIM: To examine associations between types of hormonal contraception and development of IBD.\n\nMETHODS: This was a nested case-control study using IQVIA Medical Research Data. Women aged 15-49 years with a new diagnosis of IBD were matched with up to six controls by age, practice and year. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for incident IBD and use of contraception were calculated.\n\nRESULTS: 4932 incident cases of IBD were matched to 29 340 controls. Use of combined oral contraceptive pills (COCPs) was associated with the development of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis (OR 1.60 [1.41-1.82] and 1.30 [1.15-1.45], respectively). Each additional month of COCP exposure per year of follow-up increased risk of Crohn's disease by 6.4% (5.1%-7.7%) and ulcerative colitis by 3.3% (2.1%-4.4%). Progestogen-only pills had no effect on Crohn's disease risk (OR 1.09 [0.84-1.40]) but there was a modest association with ulcerative colitis (OR 1.35 [1.12-1.64]). Parenteral contraception was not associated with the development of Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis (OR 1.15 [0.99-1.47] and 1.17 [0.98-1.39], respectively).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: We observed an increase in the risk of IBD with increasing duration of exposure to COCPs. Progestogen-only pills were not associated with Crohn's disease but there was a modest association with ulcerative colitis. There was no association between parenteral progestogen-only contraception and IBD. These findings are broadly consistent with a hypothesis that the oestrogen component of contraception may drive IBD pathogenesis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"55","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics"}}},"pageStart":"318","pageEnd":"326","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16647","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136793315"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/apt.16647"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34662440"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q136793315"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/creatine-as-a-promising-component-of-paternal-preconception-diet-dyfojudt/","name":"Creatine as a Promising Component of Paternal Preconception Diet","headline":"Creatine as a Promising Component of Paternal Preconception Diet","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/creatine-as-a-promising-component-of-paternal-preconception-diet-dyfojudt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ostojic SM","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7270-2541"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stea TH","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3349-6706"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Engeset D","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6946-2949"}],"datePublished":"2022-01-28","abstract":"Male fertility has been declining globally over the past several decades, advancing from a personal issue to a public health problem. Beyond any doubt, a reduction in fertility (often characterized by low sperm count or motility) can severely threaten reproductive health and lifecourse framework in a long-term fashion. Aside from uncovering the currently unknown etiology of modern-day male infertility, the scientific and medical community faces a double burden: finding an efficient biomarker of impaired fertility and exploring any intervention that can act to enhance fertility. A plethora of nutritional compounds have been recognized as possible modulators of semen quality, and specific dietary patterns and nutrients appear to be accompanied by a lower risk of male infertility. Creatine, a conditionally essential nutrient, has caught attention as a male fertility-promoting candidate due to its role in sperm energy metabolism. This mini-review describes the creatine-related bioenergetics of spermatozoa, explores a connection between creatine levels and sperm quality in men, and critically examines available evidence for interventional studies with creatine to affect sperm viability.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nutrients"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14030586","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/nu14030586"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35276945"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-impact-of-oxidative-stress-in-male-infertility-rec1rdu5ubdluyiox/","name":"The Impact of Oxidative Stress in Male Infertility","headline":"The Impact of Oxidative Stress in Male Infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-impact-of-oxidative-stress-in-male-infertility-rec1rdu5ubdluyiox/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Flavia Rita Argento","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Florence","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Matteo Becatti","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Florence","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria Elisabetta Coccia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5294-129X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eleonora Fini","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Florence","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudia Fiorillo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Florence","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amanda Mannucci","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9524-2122","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Florence","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Niccolò Taddei","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Florence","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763"}}],"datePublished":"2022-01-25","abstract":"At present infertility is affecting about 15% of couples and male factor is responsible for almost 50% of infertility cases. Oxidative stress, due to enhanced Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) production and/or decreased antioxidants, has been repeatedly suggested as a new emerging causative factor of this condition. However, the central roles exerted by ROS in sperm physiology cannot be neglected. On these bases, the present review is focused on illustrating both the role of ROS in male infertility and their main sources of production. Oxidative stress assessment, the clinical use of redox biomarkers and the treatment of oxidative stress-related male infertility are also discussed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences"}},"pageStart":"799294","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2021.799294","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fmolb.2021.799294"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35071326"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polycystic-ovary-syndrome-and-type-2-diabetes-mellitus-a-stateoftheart-review-rfdqkdct/","name":"Polycystic ovary syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus: A state-of-the-art review","headline":"Polycystic ovary syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus: A state-of-the-art review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polycystic-ovary-syndrome-and-type-2-diabetes-mellitus-a-stateoftheart-review-rfdqkdct/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Livadas S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9594-1521"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anagnostis P","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8949-4312"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bosdou JK","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4764-4973"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bantouna D","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5079-6228"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paparodis R","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2804-0859"}],"datePublished":"2022-01-15","abstract":"Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) often coexists with a wide spectrum of dysglycemic conditions, ranging from impaired glucose tolerance to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), which occur to a greater extent compared to healthy body mass index-matched women. This concurrence of disorders is mainly attributed to common pathogenetic pathways linking the two entities, such as insulin resistance. However, due to methodological flaws in the available studies and the multifaceted nature of the syndrome, there has been substantial controversy as to the exact association between T2D and PCOS which has not yet been elucidated. The aim of this review is to present the best available evidence regarding the epidemiology of dysglycemia in PCOS, the unique pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the progression of dysglycemia, the most appropriate methods for assessing glycemic status and the risk factors for T2D development in this population, as well as T2D risk after transition to menopause. Proposals for application of a holistic approach to enable optimal management of T2D risk in PCOS are also provided. Specifically, adoption of a healthy lifestyle with adherence to improved dietary patterns, such the Mediterranean diet, avoidance of consumption of endocrine-disrupting foods and beverages, regular exercise, and the effect of certain medications, such as metformin and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists, are discussed. Furthermore, the maintenance of a healthy weight is highlighted as a key factor in achievement of a significant reduction of T2D risk in women with PCOS.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"World journal of diabetes"}}},"pageStart":"5","pageEnd":"26","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.4239/wjd.v13.i1.5","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4239/wjd.v13.i1.5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35070056"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/resilience-and-psychosocial-factors-linked-to-symptom-experience-during-the-meno-rec5vqogmk1thxeed/","name":"Resilience and psychosocial factors linked to symptom experience during the menopause transition for women living with HIV","headline":"Resilience and psychosocial factors linked to symptom experience during the menopause transition for women living with HIV","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/resilience-and-psychosocial-factors-linked-to-symptom-experience-during-the-meno-rec5vqogmk1thxeed/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arianne Albert","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0871-5866","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Health Research Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0455vfz21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peggy Frank","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Simon Fraser University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0213rcc28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gladys Kwaramba","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Independent Researcher;"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rebecca Gormley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7472-0535","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mona Loutfy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7887-8997","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's College Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03cw63y62"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandra de Pokomandy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9657-0478","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04cpxjv19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Angela Kaida","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0329-1926","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Simon Fraser University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0213rcc28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elizabeth M King","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3609-1736","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Simon Fraser University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0213rcc28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Melanie C M Murray","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9538-2758","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oak Tree Clinic, BC Women's Hospital and Health Centre, 4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 0A7, Canada; Women's Health Research Institute, H214-4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia V6...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0455vfz21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rahma Abdul-Noor","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9609-6817","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Independent Researcher;"}}],"datePublished":"2022-01-14","abstract":"Objective: Women living with HIV (WLWH) are commonly symptomatic during perimenopause and menopause (≥1 y without menstruation), however, little is known of risks for symptoms and their timing. We analyzed these unwanted experiences to inform care.\n\nMethods: WLWH (≥40 y) in the Canadian HIV Women's Sexual and Reproductive Health Cohort Study rated midlife experiences for seven symptoms and a symptom composite (from 0 to 21). Timing was categorized into four phases: i) perimenopause (flow in the last year), ii) 1-2 years from final menstrual period (FMP), iii) 2-5 years post-FMP; and iv) >5 years post-FMP. Resilience (standardized out of 100) was assessed based on Wagnild's Resilience Scale. Univariable/multivariable mixed effects linear regression assessed correlates of symptom intensity by composite score.\n\nResults: Among 457 peri-/menopausal women mean age 54.7 (±6.6) over two time points (703 observations), 88% experienced ≥1 mild symptom; 75% were of moderate and 55% severe intensity. The most frequently reported symptoms were joint/muscle stiffness (67%), depressed mood (67%), and hot flashes (57%). After adjusting for reproductive phase, we found that women with greater resilience had fewer/lower intensity symptoms (symptom score 1.37 [2.30 to 0.44] lower; P = 0.004); those with depressive symptoms and recreational drug use (respectively) had more/higher intensity symptoms (scores 1.71 [0.61 to 2.82] [P = 0.002]; 2.89 [2.09 to 3.77] [P<0.001] higher). Symptoms were most intense in perimenopause and declined with increasing menopausal years (P = 0.03).\n\nConclusions: WLWH experiences a high burden of midlife symptoms, decreased by resilience and most intense during perimenopause. Unwanted experiences were linked to psychosocial and behavioral factors. These data encourage HIV providers to adopt a bio-psychosocial approach to midlife management.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"29","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Menopause"}}},"pageStart":"430","pageEnd":"439","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1097/GME.0000000000001926","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/GME.0000000000001926"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35357366"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertile-window-and-biophysical-biomarkers-of-cervical-secretion-in-subfertile-cy-recue1zxjexiznkxp/","name":"Fertile window and biophysical biomarkers of cervical secretion in subfertile cycles: a look at biotechnology applied to NaProTechnology","headline":"Fertile window and biophysical biomarkers of cervical secretion in subfertile cycles: a look at biotechnology applied to NaProTechnology","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertile-window-and-biophysical-biomarkers-of-cervical-secretion-in-subfertile-cy-recue1zxjexiznkxp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"José María Murcia Lora","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6654-0929","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Unit of Restaurative Roproductive Medicine, Clinical Consulting G&E, 26002 Logroño, La Rioja, Spain"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Óscar Martínez Martínez","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad de La Rioja","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0553yr311"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Martínez Calvo M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jennifer Simoni","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Le Moyne College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00q369629"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alberto Falces de Andrés","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad de La Rioja","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0553yr311"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mejia J","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6761-2149"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jorge Enrique Mejía","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9624-2842","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Engineering Department, University Central of Colombia, 110311 Bogotá, Colombia"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Diglio A. Simoni","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8726-3755","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad de Navarra","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02rxc7m23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Juan Luis Alcázar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9700-0853","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Clinica Universidad de Navarra","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03phm3r45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alcázar J","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6300-6923","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad del Desarrollo"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrés A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4793-4455","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cornell University"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jennifer S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3780-213X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marian Martínez Calvo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2698-3493","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad de La Rioja","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0553yr311"}}],"datePublished":"2022-01-13","abstract":"Background: The principal objective of this study was to correlate biophysical properties of vaginal discharge present in the cervical mucus with the timing of the fertile window. In particular, we produce measures of the viscoelasticity of the cervical secretion using two methods. The first uses only the elasticity extracted from the Creighton Model Fertility Care System (CrMs) scale, calculated P-6 ovulation estimated day (OED) with respect to the peak day of the CrMs. The second uses a numerical method that takes into account the changes in viscoelasticity, but without reference to the peak day calculated using the CrMs model. Using both methods, twelve records were obtained from a single female subject.\n\nMethods: The methodology used to evaluate the viscoelasticity factor was by measuring the approximate length in centimeters (cm) of the vaginal discharge of cervical discharge. For this, the scale of the stretching graph established by observing the stretching of CrMS was used, taking into account the previous 6 days at peak day P-6. The first method, which we termed CFW (Clinical Fertile Window), uses a measure based on the approximate length (cm) of the maximal stretchiness of the vaginal discharge. The second method we termed SFW (Software-CrMS/strectching) (Software-based Fertile Window).\n\nResults: The fertile window was detected correctly in 100% of the cases using either method, and a correlation value of 0.71 was observed between the two methods.\n\nConclusions: We conclude that the assessment of viscoelasticity using SFW algorithm allowed in this pilot study to detect the fertile window and to describe the evolution pattern of cervical discharge throughout the fertile window. Our study provides support for the use of computational methods in detecting the fertile window, taking only into account the time evolution of the cervical discharge throughout the menstrual cycle.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"49","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical and Experimental Obstetrics & Gynecology"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.ceog4901017","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.31083/j.ceog4901017"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevalence-of-ocular-anomalies-is-increased-in-women-with-polycystic-ovary-syndr-recwnagniw320zzgj/","name":"Prevalence of ocular anomalies is increased in women with polycystic ovary  syndrome-exploration of association with PAX6 genotype","headline":"Prevalence of ocular anomalies is increased in women with polycystic ovary  syndrome-exploration of association with PAX6 genotype","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevalence-of-ocular-anomalies-is-increased-in-women-with-polycystic-ovary-syndr-recwnagniw320zzgj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Millan S Patel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1835-8038","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sueda Akkor","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cameron Andres","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0720-3854","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"BC Children's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04n901w50"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shirin Kalyan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7458-0832","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Coastal Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bd8jh67"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zheyuan Zong","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2022-01-13","abstract":"Background: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), the most common reproductive endocrine disorder affecting premenopausal women, is frequently associated with central obesity and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. Aniridia, a rare congenital eye disorder with haploinsufficiency of the PAX6 gene, was observed to co-occur with PCOS in a proband. This study investigates eye health and PAX6 genotypes of women with PCOS and controls.\n\nMaterials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of 203 premenopausal women (100 healthy controls, 103 with PCOS) conducted at an academic medical center in Vancouver, Canada. Ophthalmological exams and detailed medical histories were obtained from each participant. DNA extracted from saliva was Sanger-sequenced for the exons, intron-exon boundaries, and untranslated regions of PAX6.\n\nResults: Women with PCOS had eye abnormalities, including abnormalities of the anterior segment, optic nerve, and retina, that were not observed in controls (p = 0.0002). Myopia prevalence was similar in both groups. Dry eye syndrome, by history, was markedly more prevalent in women with PCOS (22.3%) than controls (5%), p = 0.004. PAX6 genotype did not significantly differ between the two groups, nor was it associated with the greater prevalence of eye anomalies observed in women with PCOS.\n\nConclusion: This is the first study to systematically perform an ophthalmological examination in women with PCOS, who were found to have a higher prevalence of potentially serious eye health problems compared with controls. These data suggest that ophthalmological-metabolic-genetic connections in women with PCOS require further investigation. Confirmation of these data and increased attention to eye health in women with PCOS appears warranted.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"43","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Ophthalmic Genetics"}}},"pageStart":"340","pageEnd":"343","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13816810.2022.2025605","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/13816810.2022.2025605"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35016586"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/factors-associated-with-contraceptive-use-among-women-living-with-hiv-in-canada--rec2ydv3lm3zzjfjo/","name":"Factors associated with contraceptive use among women living with HIV in Canada:  a controlled, cross-sectional study","headline":"Factors associated with contraceptive use among women living with HIV in Canada:  a controlled, cross-sectional study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/factors-associated-with-contraceptive-use-among-women-living-with-hiv-in-canada--rec2ydv3lm3zzjfjo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Chadni C. Khondoker","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Angela Kaida","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0329-1926","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Simon Fraser University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0213rcc28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Marquez","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"B.C. Women's Hospital & Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c4nx247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amber R Campbell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3068-7849","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Health Research Institute  Vancouver British Columbia Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hélène C F Côté","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0399-5141","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Health Research Institute, H214-4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia V6H 3N1, Canada; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Rm. G227 - 2211 Wesb...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0455vfz21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arianne Albert","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0871-5866","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Health Research Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0455vfz21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neora Pick","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4123-3698","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"B.C. Women's Hospital & Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c4nx247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Evelyn J Maan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5930-3514","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"B.C. Women's Hospital & Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c4nx247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emilie A. B. Russell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chelsea Elwood","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2196-1348","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jason Brophy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9154-8060","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Melanie C M Murray","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9538-2758","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oak Tree Clinic, BC Women's Hospital and Health Centre, 4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 0A7, Canada; Women's Health Research Institute, H214-4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia V6...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0455vfz21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Melanie C M Murray \\r\\n"},{"@type":"Person","name":"for the CIHR team grant on Cellular Aging, H. I. V. Comorbidities in Women, Children (CARMA), (CIHR HIV Clinical Trials Network study 277)"},{"@type":"Person","name":"CIHR team grant on Cellular Aging, H. I. V. Comorbidities in Women, Children (CARMA), (CIHR HIV Clinical Trials Network study 277)"}],"datePublished":"2022-01-07","abstract":"Background: Multiple contraindications to combined hormonal contraceptives (CHC) use exist. The impact of these factors on contraceptive choice, particularly among women living with HIV (WLWH), is not well understood. We measured and compared the prevalence of contraceptive use and contraindications among WLWH and women not living with HIV (controls).\n\nMethods: We examined cross-sectional survey and medical chart data from 83 WLWH and 62 controls, aged 16-49 and sexually active, from 2013-2017. We compared the age-adjusted prevalence and types of contraceptives used in the last month and the proportion of women with CHC contraindications, including drug interactions, medical comorbidities, and smoking at ≥ 35 years old. All WLWH received care at an interdisciplinary, women-centred HIV clinic.\n\nResults: Compared to controls, WLWH were older (median [IQR)] 39 [34-43] vs 31 [23-41] years; p = 0.003), had less post-secondary education (37% vs 73%; p < 0.001), and more often had household income < $15,000/year (49% vs 30%; p = 0.006). WLWH trended to higher contraceptive prevalence than controls (80% vs 63%; p = 0.06 adjusted for age). Overall hormonal contraceptive use was similar. However, despite controlling for age, WLWH used CHC less (4% vs 18%; p = 0.006) than controls, and had more frequently undergone tubal ligation (12% vs 2%; p = 0.03). WLWH also experienced more CHC contraindications (54% vs 13%; p = 0.0001), including smoking at ≥ 35 years old (30% vs 6%; p = 0.0003) or a CHC-related drug interaction (all antiretroviral related) (25% vs 0%; p = 0.0001).\n\nConclusions: WLWH attending our interdisciplinary clinic used hormonal contraception at similar rates as controls, though with different types. Differences may reflect different distributions of CHC contraindications. CHC contraindications present barriers to accessing the full range of contraceptive choices for WLWH. Guidelines and education for care providers and WLWH regarding contraceptive choices and drug interactions are needed, especially when care is provided without the benefit of an interdisciplinary women-centered healthcare team.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproductive Health"}}},"pageStart":"3","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-021-01312-7","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s12978-021-01312-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34986848"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/decreasing-sperm-quality-in-mice-subjected-to-chronic-cannabidiol-exposure-new-i-aig3qqtu/","name":"Decreasing sperm quality in mice subjected to chronic cannabidiol exposure: New insights of cannabidiol-mediated male reproductive toxicity","headline":"Decreasing sperm quality in mice subjected to chronic cannabidiol exposure: New insights of cannabidiol-mediated male reproductive toxicity","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/decreasing-sperm-quality-in-mice-subjected-to-chronic-cannabidiol-exposure-new-i-aig3qqtu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Carvalho RK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rocha TL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fernandes FH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gonçalves BB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Souza MR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Araújo AA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Barbosa CC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Silva DM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Campos HM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tomazett MV"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ghedini PC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Guimarães FS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andersen ML"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Santos FCA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mazaro-Costa R"}],"datePublished":"2022-01-05","abstract":"Cannabidiol (CBD) is a natural cannabinoid present in the Cannabis sativa plant, widely prescribed as an anticonvulsant drug, especially for pediatric use. However, its effects on male reproduction are still little investigated. Therefore, the present study assessed the effects of CBD on the spermatogenesis and sperm quality. For this, twenty-one-day-old Swiss mice received CBD for 34 consecutive days by gavage at doses of either 15 or 30 mg/kg. Chronic exposure to CBD decreased the frequency of stages VII-VIII and XII of spermatogenesis and an increase in the frequency of stage IX were noted. Furthermore, the seminiferous epithelium height reduced at stage IX and increased at stage XII in both CBD-treated groups. There was a significant rise of sperm DNA damage, while no genotoxic effects were observed in leukocytes. The activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase decreased, while malondialdehyde levels increased in the sperm of mice treated with a higher dose of CBD. Mice exposed to 30 mg/kg of CBD showed a reduction in the mobile spermatozoa percentage and in curvilinear velocity, while straight line and average path velocity decreased in both treated groups. The number of acrosome-intact spermatozoa declined in the CBD 30 group, and the number of abnormal acrosomes raised in both CBD groups. On the other hand, the weight of reproductive organs, sperm count, and hormone levels were not affected by CBD treatment. These findings show that dysregulation of the endocannabinoid system by CBD can reduce sperm quality. The mechanisms responsible may be associated with disorders during spermatogenesis, especially during the final stages of nuclear remodelling and assembly of acrosome. However, changes in mitochondrial function, as well as the reduction on the antioxidant enzyme activities during epididymal transit, at least partly, may also be involved.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"351","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Chemico-biological interactions"}},"pageStart":"109743","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109743","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139307543"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109743"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34774840"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q139307543"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/birth-outcomes-of-neonates-exposed-to-marijuana-in-utero-a-systematic-review-and-s1lt46ao/","name":"Birth Outcomes of Neonates Exposed to Marijuana in Utero: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","headline":"Birth Outcomes of Neonates Exposed to Marijuana in Utero: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/birth-outcomes-of-neonates-exposed-to-marijuana-in-utero-a-systematic-review-and-s1lt46ao/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marchand G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Masoud AT"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Govindan M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ware K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"King A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ruther S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brazil G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ulibarri H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Parise J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arroyo A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Coriell C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Goetz S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sainz K"}],"datePublished":"2022-01-04","abstract":"IMPORTANCE: While some studies have found an association between marijuana use and adverse neonatal outcomes, results have not been consistent across all trials.\n\nOBJECTIVE: To assess available data on neonatal outcomes in marijuana-exposed pregnancies.\n\nDATA SOURCES: PubMed, Medline, ClinicalTrials.gov, Cochrane, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched from each database's inception until August 16, 2021.\n\nSTUDY SELECTION: All interventional and observational studies that included pregnant women who were exposed to marijuana compared with pregnant women who were not exposed to marijuana and that reported neonatal outcomes were included.\n\nDATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: Reporting followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guideline. Data were extracted by 2 authors for all outcomes, which were pooled using a random-effects model as mean difference or risk ratio (RR) and 95% CI. Data were analyzed from August through September 2021.\n\nMAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: All outcomes were formulated prior to data collection. Outcomes included incidence of birth weight less than 2500 g, small for gestational age (defined as less than the fifth percentile fetal weight for gestational age), rate of preterm delivery (defined as before 37 weeks' gestation), gestational age at time of delivery, birth weight, incidence of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission, Apgar score at 1 minute, Apgar score at 5 minutes, incidence of an Apgar score less than 7 at 5 minutes, fetal head circumference, and fetal length.\n\nRESULTS: Among 16 studies including 59 138 patients, there were significant increases in 7 adverse neonatal outcomes among women who were exposed to marijuana during pregnancy vs those who were not exposed during pregnancy. These included increased risk of birth weight less than 2500 g (RR, 2.06 [95% CI, 1.25 to 3.42]; P = .005), small for gestational age (RR, 1.61 [95% CI, 1.44 to 1.79]; P < .001), preterm delivery (RR, 1.28 [95% CI, 1.16 to 1.42]; P < .001), and NICU admission (RR, 1.38 [95% CI, 1.18 to 1.62]; P < .001), along with decreased mean birth weight (mean difference, -112.30 [95% CI, -167.19 to -57.41] g; P < .001), Apgar score at 1 minute (mean difference, -0.26 [95% CI, -0.43 to -0.09]; P = .002), and infant head circumference (mean difference, -0.34 [95% CI, -0.63 to -0.06] cm; P = .02).\n\nCONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: This study found that women exposed to marijuana in pregnancy were at a significantly increased risk of some adverse neonatal outcomes. These findings suggest that increasing awareness about these risks may be associated with improved outcomes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA network open"}}},"pageStart":"e2145653","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.45653","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.45653"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35084479"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/acute-behavior-of-oxygen-consumption-lactate-concentrations-and-energy-expenditu-recokudygivvg9yqz/","name":"Acute Behavior of Oxygen Consumption, Lactate Concentrations, and Energy  Expenditure During Resistance Training: Comparisons Among Three Intensities","headline":"Acute Behavior of Oxygen Consumption, Lactate Concentrations, and Energy  Expenditure During Resistance Training: Comparisons Among Three Intensities","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/acute-behavior-of-oxygen-consumption-lactate-concentrations-and-energy-expenditu-recokudygivvg9yqz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Gustavo A João","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Metropolitanas Unidas College, S&#xe3;o Paulo, Brazil."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gustavo Paula Leite de Almeida","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2913-8663","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade São Judas Tadeu","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ttbwp87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lucas D Tavares","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0941-6224","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade de São Paulo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036rp1748"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carlos Augusto Kalva‐Filho","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8511-9590","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Federal de Alagoas","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dna7t83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carvas Junior N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nelson Carvas","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2168-8927","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cochrane","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pvrbg60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Francisco L Pontes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8358-0260","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade de São Paulo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036rp1748"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Julien S Baker","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7550-8616","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hong Kong Baptist University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0145fw131"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Danilo S Bocalini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3993-8277","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05sxf4h28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aylton Figueira","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6635-8019","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade São Judas Tadeu","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ttbwp87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nelson Carvas Junior","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Evidence-Based Health, Brazilian Cochrane Center, University Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carlos Augusto Kalva-Filho","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Laboratory of Applied Sports Science, Institute of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil."}}],"datePublished":"2022-01-04","abstract":"Purpose: This study aimed to compare the oxygen consumption, lactate concentrations, and energy expenditure using three different intensities during the resistance training sessions.\n\nMethods: A total of 15 men (22.9 ± 2.61 years) experienced in resistance training underwent 3 sessions composed of 8 exercises (chest press, pec deck, squat, lat pull-down, biceps curl, triceps extension, hamstring curl, and crunch machine), which were applied in the same order. The weight lifted differed among the sessions [high session: 6 sets of 5 repetitions at 90% of 1-repetition maximum (1-RM); intermediary session: 3 sets of 10 repetitions at 75% of 1-RM; and low session: 2 sets of 15 repetitions at 60% of 1-RM]. The oxygen consumption (VO(2))-during and after (excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC)) the session, blood lactate concentration, and energy expenditure (i.e., the sum of aerobic and anaerobic contributions, respectively) were assessed.\n\nResults: The VO2 significantly decreased in the function of the weight lifting (F ((2.28)) = 17.02; p < 0.01; ηG2 = 0.32). However, the aerobic contributions significantly increase in the function of the weight lifting (F ((2.28)) = 79.18; p < 0.01; ηG2 = 0.75). The anaerobic contributions were not different among the sessions (p > 0.05; ηG2 < 0.01). Thus, the total energy expenditure during the session (kcal) significantly increased in the function of the weight lifting (F ((2.28)) = 86.68; p < 0.01; ηG2 = 0.75). The energy expenditure expressed in time unit (kcal·min(-1)) was higher in low session than in high session (F ((2.28)) = 6.20; p < 0.01; ηG2 = 0.15).\n\nConclusion: The weight lifted during resistance training-induced different physiological responses, which induced higher energy expenditure per unit of time during the low session.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Sports and Active Living"}},"pageStart":"797604","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2021.797604","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fspor.2021.797604"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34977570"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/catholic-approaches-to-procreation-and-infertility-recexx5ugvtox1yui/","name":"Catholic Approaches to Procreation and Infertility","headline":"Catholic Approaches to Procreation and Infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/catholic-approaches-to-procreation-and-infertility-recexx5ugvtox1yui/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Paul Lee","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3870-6799"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph Tham","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7403-9791","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontifical Athenaeum Regina Apostolorum","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01qv7e222"}}],"datePublished":"2022-01-03","abstract":"Infertility is a worldwide problem today. The more conventional approach of medicine would be to diagnose the causes and correct them, so that the fertility potential of the couple would permit them to conceive naturally. However, since the advance of Assisted Reproductive Technologies, it has become a lucrative industry that seek to help anyone to procure a child. Lately, natural procreative processes such as NaProTechnology have arisen that can restore couples’ fertility potential through proper diagnosis and treatment. The Catholic Church prefers these latter approaches not only because they are truer to the nature of medical practice, but because they are more consistent with a healthy vision of human sexuality, procreation, and marriage.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Religion and Human Rights"},"pageStart":"19","pageEnd":"28","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86938-0_3","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/978-3-030-86938-0_3"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/how-naprotechnology-compares-with-assisted-reproductive-technology-comparación-d-rech4qbbtomwrara9/","name":"How NaProTechnology compares with assisted reproductive technology","headline":"How NaProTechnology compares with assisted reproductive technology","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/how-naprotechnology-compares-with-assisted-reproductive-technology-comparación-d-rech4qbbtomwrara9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Pasquale Gallo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1156-6037","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aldeburgh Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ketq791"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph Tham","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7403-9791","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontifical Athenaeum Regina Apostolorum","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01qv7e222"}}],"datePublished":"2022-01-02","abstract":"La progresiva medicalización de la infertilidad en las últimas tres décadas se corresponde con una creciente difusión de las Tecnologías de Reproducción Asistida (TRA), que han dejado en la sombra, casi por completo, otros enfoques más fisiológicos del tratamiento de la infertilidad, que tienen menos riesgos, son más económicos y, a la vez, igualmente efectivos. Este trabajo presenta un enfoque sistemático e integrado: la NaProTecnología (NPT), que tiene como objetivo optimizar las condiciones fisiológicas en cada ciclo menstrual, para permitir, de esta forma, una concepción por métodos naturales. Este método se postula como una mejor solución para el tratamiento de la infertilidad, desde un punto de vista que no sólo es más ético, sino que, además, es compatible con otros puntos de vistas religiosos, médicos, sociales, legales y ambientales. Los gobiernos deberían promover y financiar la NPT y, al mismo tiempo, las sociedades médicas y científicas deberían diseñar estudios para comparar de una manera justa la tasa de éxito, los costos y las complicaciones de la NPT en contraposición al método TRA tradicional.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"33","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Revista de Medicina y Ética"}}},"pageStart":"205","pageEnd":"238","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.36105/mye.2022v33n1.05","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.36105/mye.2022v33n1.05"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relationship-between-mast-cells-endometriosis-and-dysmenorrhea-1rdoqqlq/","name":"Relationship between Mast Cells, Endometriosis and Dysmenorrhea","headline":"Relationship between Mast Cells, Endometriosis and Dysmenorrhea","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relationship-between-mast-cells-endometriosis-and-dysmenorrhea-1rdoqqlq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"April Lind","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3887-2598","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Park Nicollet Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02k674x39"}}],"datePublished":"2022-01-01","abstract":"Case-based clinical presentation examining the role of mast cells in the pathophysiology of endometriosis and dysmenorrhea, presented by April Lind, MD (IFMCP, CFCMC, RHRI). Reviews mast-cell mediated inflammation, its relationship to endometriosis-associated pain and abnormal uterine bleeding, and functional-medicine considerations.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical presentation"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sevenyearlong-screening-of-phthalate-esters-in-clothing-and-textile-products-fro-2jrrovcx/","name":"Seven-year-long screening of phthalate esters in clothing and textile products from a quality control laboratory","headline":"Seven-year-long screening of phthalate esters in clothing and textile products from a quality control laboratory","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sevenyearlong-screening-of-phthalate-esters-in-clothing-and-textile-products-fro-2jrrovcx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Aldegunde-Louzao N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"López PP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aira ML"}],"datePublished":"2022-01-01","abstract":"The results of extensive yearly screening (2014–2020) of ortho-phthalate ester levels in textiles sent to a quality control laboratory by textile companies from southern European and northern African countries are presented. Six different regulated phthalates: benzyl butyl phthalate, di-butyl phthalate, di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, di-iso-decyl phthalate, di-iso-nonyl phthalate and di-n-octyl phthalate, were measured in 4729 samples of textile materials from 10 different groups. Analyses were carried out according to the standard gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy procedure, as described by the US Consumer Product Safety Commission. The results revealed a high level of compliance with the European Union legislation (97.25%). In the group of noncompliant samples (total phthalate content &gt;0.1% w/w), positive results were due to the presence of two or more phthalates in almost 60% of the cases. The phthalate esters most commonly detected were di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, followed by di-iso-nonyl phthalate and di-butyl phthalate. In the group of compliant samples (total phthalate &lt;0.1% w/w), the same frequency of occurrence was identified, but in this case most of the samples (almost 90%) contained only one phthalate. In addition, a growing tendency for a decrease in di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate levels and an increase in di-iso-nonyl phthalate and di-iso-decyl phthalate concentrations were detected throughout the study, due to replacement of the former by the latter in the use as a plasticizer. No significant differences between countries were noted with regard to the frequency or concentration of phthalates in the textile samples. The study findings contribute to advancing knowledge about the phthalate content of textiles and to evaluating and controlling the potential risks of exposure to these compounds.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Textile Research Journal"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00405175221135619","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/00405175221135619"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-10-year-journey-to-diagnosis-with-endometriosis-an-autobiographical-case-report-recg8wqlxpfuljjhb/","name":"A 10-Year Journey to Diagnosis With Endometriosis: An Autobiographical Case Report","headline":"A 10-Year Journey to Diagnosis With Endometriosis: An Autobiographical Case Report","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-10-year-journey-to-diagnosis-with-endometriosis-an-autobiographical-case-report-recg8wqlxpfuljjhb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lexi R Frankel","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nova Southeastern University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042bbge36"}}],"datePublished":"2022-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cureus"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.21329","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.7759/cureus.21329"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35186587"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/suspect-and-nontarget-screening-of-chemicals-in-clothing-textiles-by-reversedpha-6dhkipoy/","name":"Suspect and non-target screening of chemicals in clothing textiles by reversed-phase liquid chromatography/hybrid quadrupole-Orbitrap mass spectrometry","headline":"Suspect and non-target screening of chemicals in clothing textiles by reversed-phase liquid chromatography/hybrid quadrupole-Orbitrap mass spectrometry","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/suspect-and-nontarget-screening-of-chemicals-in-clothing-textiles-by-reversedpha-6dhkipoy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Carlsson J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Iadaresta F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eklund J"}],"datePublished":"2022-01-01","abstract":"AbstractThe global manufacturing of clothing is usually composed of multistep processes, which include a large number of chemicals. However, there is generally no information regarding the chemical content remaining in the finished clothes. Clothes in close and prolonged skin contact may thus be a significant source of daily human exposure to hazardous compounds depending on their ability to migrate from the textiles and be absorbed by the skin. In the present study, twenty-four imported garments on the Swedish market were investigated with respect to their content of organic compounds, using a screening workflow. Reversed-phase liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization/high-resolution mass spectrometry was used for both suspect and non-target screening. The most frequently detected compound was benzothiazole followed by quinoline. Nitroanilines with suspected mutagenic and possible skin sensitization properties, and quinoline, a carcinogenic compound, were among the compounds occurring at the highest concentrations. In some garments, the level of quinoline was estimated to be close to or higher than 50,000 ng/g, the limit set by the REACH regulation. Other detected compounds were acridine, benzotriazoles, benzothiazoles, phthalates, nitrophenols, and organophosphates. Several of the identified compounds have logPand molecular weight values enabling skin uptake. This pilot study indicates which chemicals and compound classes should be prioritized for future quantitative surveys and control of the chemical content in clothing as well as research on skin transfer, skin absorption, and systemic exposure. The results also show that the current control and prevention from chemicals in imported garments on the Swedish market is insufficient.Graphical abstract","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Anal Bioanal Chem"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-021-03766-x","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00216-021-03766-x"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/national-patient-survey-2021-recv3fj6i6j1ndid3/","name":"National Patient Survey 2021","headline":"National Patient Survey 2021","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/national-patient-survey-2021-recv3fj6i6j1ndid3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority"}],"datePublished":"2022-01-01","abstract":"# National Patient Survey 2021\nSurvey of UK fertility patients, 2 November – 7 December 2021\nPublished: April 2022\nThe key findings are published on this page with a statistical appendix available for download. A separate [Quality & Methodology report](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/national-patient-survey-2021/patient-survey-2021-quality-and-methodology-report) provides details on survey methodology and patient profile.\n[Download the underlying dataset as Excel Worksheet](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/media/lqwnb4lp/2022-04-07-national-patient-survey-underlying-data.xlsx \"National Patient Survey Underlying Data\").\n## Table of contents\n- [Main points](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/national-patient-survey-2021/#main-points)\n- [1\\. Introduction](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/national-patient-survey-2021/#introduction)\n- [2\\. Recent experience of fertility treatment](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/national-patient-survey-2021/#recent-experience-of-fertility-treatment)\n- [3\\. Experience of speaking to a GP about fertility concerns](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/national-patient-survey-2021/#experience-of-speaking-to-a-gp-about-fertility-concerns)\n- [4\\. Multiple embryo transfers](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/national-patient-survey-2021/#multiple-embryo-transfers)\n- [5\\. Use of donor eggs, sperm, or embryos](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/national-patient-survey-2021/#use-of-donor-eggs-sperm-or-embryos)\n- [6\\. Treatment add-ons](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/national-patient-survey-2021/#treatment-add-ons)\n- [7\\. Knowledge of HFEA & Information/support sources](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/national-patient-survey-2021/#knowledge-of-hfea-information-support-sources)\n- [About ou...","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/rapport-annuel-damp-vigilance-2021-clcrarez/","name":"Rapport annuel d'AMP Vigilance 2021","headline":"Rapport annuel d'AMP Vigilance 2021","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/rapport-annuel-damp-vigilance-2021-clcrarez/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Agence de la biomédecine"}],"datePublished":"2022-01-01","abstract":"Rapport annuel d'AMP Vigilance 2021 publié par l'Agence de la biomédecine. Annual AMP (Medically Assisted Reproduction) Vigilance Report 2021 from the French Agence de la biomédecine.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Agence de la biomédecine"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/jsogart-annual-report-2021-2021-cpqv2o0o/","name":"JSOG-ART Annual Report 2021 (体外受精・胚移植等の臨床実施成績 2021年)","headline":"JSOG-ART Annual Report 2021 (体外受精・胚移植等の臨床実施成績 2021年)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/jsogart-annual-report-2021-2021-cpqv2o0o/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"@type":"Person","name":"ART Online Registration Committee"}],"datePublished":"2022-01-01","abstract":"日本産科婦人科学会 体外受精・胚移植等の臨床実施成績 2021年. ENGLISH SUMMARY: JSOG ART annual registry report for 2021 from the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Reports IVF, ICSI, and frozen-embryo-transfer cycle volumes and outcomes. Mandatory professional-society reporting from all JSOG-registered ART facilities in Japan.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/leukocyte-telomere-dynamics-across-gestation-in-uncomplicated-pregnancies-and-as-dbzi4gr0/","name":"Leukocyte telomere dynamics across gestation in uncomplicated pregnancies and associations with stress","headline":"Leukocyte telomere dynamics across gestation in uncomplicated pregnancies and associations with stress","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/leukocyte-telomere-dynamics-across-gestation-in-uncomplicated-pregnancies-and-as-dbzi4gr0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Panelli DM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephanie A Leonard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8213-1319","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wong RJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Becker M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mayo JA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wu E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Girsen AI"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gotlib IH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aghaeepour N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Druzin ML"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shaw GM","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7438-4914"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stevenson DK","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7127-0281"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bianco K"}],"datePublished":"2022-01-01","abstract":"1. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2022 May 2;22(1):381. doi:\n10.1186/s12884-022-04693-0.\n\nLeukocyte telomere dynamics across gestation in uncomplicated pregnancies and\nassociations with stress.\n\nPanelli DM(1), Leonard SA(2), Wong RJ(3), Becker M(3)(4)(5), Mayo JA(3), Wu\nE(2), Girsen AI(2), Gotlib IH(6), Aghaeepour N(3)(4)(5), Druzin ML(2), Shaw\nGM(3), Stevenson DK(3), Bianco K(2).\n\nAuthor information:\n(1)Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University, 453 Quarry\nRoad, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA. dpanelli@stanford.edu.\n(2)Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University, 453 Quarry\nRoad, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA.\n(3)Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.\n(4)Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Stanford\nUniversity, Stanford, CA, USA.\n(5)Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA,\nUSA.\n(6)Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.\n\nBACKGROUND: Short leukocyte telomere length is a biomarker associated with\nstress and morbidity in non-pregnant adults. Little is known, however, about\nmaternal telomere dynamics in pregnancy. To address this, we examined changes in\nmaternal leukocyte telomere length (LTL) during uncomplicated pregnancies and\nexplored correlations with perceived stress.\nMETHODS: In this pilot study, maternal LTL was measured in blood collected from\nnulliparas who delivered live, term, singleton infants between 2012 and 2018 at\na single institution. Participants were excluded if they had diabetes or\nhypertensive disease. Samples were collected over the course of pregnancy and\ndivided into three time periods: < 200/7 weeks (Timepoint 1); 201/7 to 366/7\nweeks (Timepoint 2); and 370/7 to 9-weeks postpartum (Timepoint 3). All\nparticipants also completed a survey assessing a multivariate profile of\nperceived stress at the time of enrollment in the first trimester. LTL was\nmeasured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Wilcoxon\nsigned-rank tests were used to compare LTL differences within participants\nacross all timepoint intervals. To determine whether mode of delivery affected\nLTL, we compared postpartum Timepoint 3 LTLs between participants who had\nvaginal versus cesarean birth. Secondarily, we evaluated the association of the\nassessed multivariate stress profile and LTL using machine learning analysis.\nRESULTS: A total of 115 samples from 46 patients were analyzed. LTL (mean ± SD),\nexpressed as telomere to single copy gene (T/S) ratios, were: 1.15 ± 0.26,\n1.13 ± 0.23, and 1.07 ± 0.21 for Timepoints 1, 2, and 3, respectively. There\nwere no significant differences in LTL between Timepoints 1 and 2 (LTL T/S\nchange - 0.03 ± 0.26, p = 0.39); 2 and 3 (- 0.07 ± 0.29, p = 0.38) or Timepoints\n1 and 3 (- 0.07 ± 0.21, p = 0.06). Participants who underwent cesareans had\nsignificantly shorter postpartum LTLs than those who delivered vaginally (T/S\nratio: 0.94 ± 0.12 cesarean versus 1.12 ± 0.21 vaginal, p = 0.01). In secondary\nanalysis, poor sleep quality was the main stress construct associated with\nshorter Timepoint 1 LTLs (p = 0.02) and shorter mean LTLs (p = 0.03).\nCONCLUSIONS: In this cohort of healthy pregnancies, maternal LTLs did not\nsignificantly change across gestation and postpartum LTLs were shorter after\ncesarean than after vaginal birth. Significant associations between sleep\nquality and short LTLs warrant further investigation.\n\n© 2022. The Author(s).\n\nDOI: 10.1186/s12884-022-04693-0\nPMCID: PMC9063069\nPMID: 35501726 [Indexed for MEDLINE]\n\nConflict of interest statement: The authors declare that they have no competing\ninterests.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMC pregnancy and childbirth"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-022-04693-0","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s12884-022-04693-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35501726"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevalence-and-performance-of-private-equityaffiliated-fertility-practices-in-th-hcyrwhff/","name":"Prevalence and performance of private equity-affiliated fertility practices in the United States","headline":"Prevalence and performance of private equity-affiliated fertility practices in the United States","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevalence-and-performance-of-private-equityaffiliated-fertility-practices-in-th-hcyrwhff/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Borsa A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bruch JD"}],"datePublished":"2022-01-01","abstract":"1. Fertil Steril. 2022 Jan;117(1):124-130. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.08.035.\nEpub 2021 Sep 15.\n\nPrevalence and performance of private equity-affiliated fertility practices in\nthe United States.\n\nBorsa A(1), Bruch JD(2).\n\nAuthor information:\n(1)Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of\nPublic Health, New York, New York. Electronic address:\nasb2266@cumc.columbia.edu.\n(2)Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston,\nMassachusetts.\n\nComment in\nFertil Steril. 2022 Jan;117(1):131-132. doi:\n10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.11.001.\n\nOBJECTIVE: To quantify the proportion of annual assisted reproductive technology\n(ART) cycles performed at private equity-affiliated fertility practices and to\ntest for differences in services and success rates between private\nequity-affiliated and nonaffiliated practices.\nDESIGN: Cross-sectional analysis of national data set.\nSETTING: Not applicable.\nPATIENT(S): None.\nINTERVENTION(S): Not applicable.\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The primary outcome measures were the volume of ART\ncycles performed, the percentage of retrievals resulting in live births, and the\npercentage of transfers resulting in live births. The secondary outcomes\nincluded the median income of the practice location, the use of preimplantation\ngenetic testing, the clinical service availability, and the patient reasons for\nseeking treatment.\nRESULT(S): Of the practices listed on the Centers for Disease Control's 2018\nFertility Clinic Success Rates Report, 14.7% had a private equity affiliation.\nOf the 305,883 ART cycles performed in 2018, 29.3% (89,535) occurred at private\nequity-affiliated practices. Patients at private equity-affiliated practices\nwere 6.75% (95% confidence interval [CI], -10.15%, -3.36%) less likely to\ninitiate a cycle due to male factor infertility, and 10.60% (95% CI, 3.49,\n17.76) more likely to use preimplantation genetic testing before embryo\ntransfer. No statistically significant differences were found in success rates\namong women aged <35 years. The average median household income (standard error)\nin zip codes with private equity-affiliated practices compared with\nnonaffiliated practices was $83,610 ($35,990) and $72,161 ($32,314),\nrespectively.\nCONCLUSION(S): A major portion of fertility practices in the United States are\nprivate equity-affiliated, and these practices perform an even greater portion\nof ART cycles in the United States each year. Fertility appears to be the\nmedical specialty with the greatest market share owned by private equity. Our\nfindings corroborate preliminary research, which forecasts the increasing\ninvolvement and consolidation by private equity in fertility. Future research\nshould continue monitoring for differences in outcomes, financing, case mix,\nservice use, and accessibility.\n\nCopyright © 2021 American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Published by\nElsevier Inc. All rights reserved.\n\nDOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.08.035\nPMCID: PMC8714667\nPMID: 34538462 [Indexed for MEDLINE]","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.08.035","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.08.035"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34538462"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/earlylife-exposure-to-formaldehyde-through-clothing-hzbd0qsq/","name":"Early-Life Exposure to Formaldehyde through Clothing","headline":"Early-Life Exposure to Formaldehyde through Clothing","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/earlylife-exposure-to-formaldehyde-through-clothing-hzbd0qsq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Herrero M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"González N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joaquim Rovira","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0212-9353","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitat Rovira i Virgili","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g5sqv46"}}],"datePublished":"2022-01-01","abstract":"Clothes contain a wide range of chemicals, some of them potentially hazardous. Recently, there has been a growing interest in eco-friendly clothing, including the use of organic cotton. However, the process of eco-friendly fabric production does not exclude the use of toxic substances, such as formaldehyde, a known human carcinogen. The present investigation was aimed at determining the presence of formaldehyde in eco-friendly and conventional clothing of pregnant women, babies, and toddlers from the Catalan (Spain) market. The potential effects of washing were also investigated by comparing the reduction of formaldehyde in unwashed and washed clothing. Formaldehyde was detected in 20% of samples, with a mean level of 8.96 mg/kg. Formaldehyde levels were surprisingly higher in eco-friendly than in regular garments (10.4 vs. 8.23 mg/kg). However, these differences were only significant (p &lt; 0.05) for bras (11.6 vs. 7.46 mg/kg) and panties (27.1 vs. 6.38 mg/kg) of pregnant women. Dermal exposure and health risks were assessed for three vulnerable population groups: pregnant women, babies, and toddlers. In general, exposure was higher in babies (up to 1.11 × 10−3 mg/kg/day) than in other groups (2.58 × 10−4 and 4.50 × 10−3 mg/kg/day in pregnant women and toddlers, respectively). However, both non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks were below the safety limits (&lt;1 and &lt;10−5, respectively) according to national regulations. Notwithstanding, although formaldehyde levels were below the legal limits (&lt;75 mg/kg) and health risks were within acceptable ranges, clothing may contain other toxic substances in addition to formaldehyde, thus increasing the risks. Finally, since no formaldehyde was detected in washed textile samples, a safe and simple practice for the consumers is to wash clothing before the first use.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Toxics"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics10070361","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/toxics10070361"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/spermfriendly-lubricant-fact-or-fiction-mfbnlfyw/","name":"Sperm-friendly lubricant: Fact or fiction","headline":"Sperm-friendly lubricant: Fact or fiction","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/spermfriendly-lubricant-fact-or-fiction-mfbnlfyw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Markram J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Griessel L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Girdler-Brown B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Outhoff K","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-4802"}],"datePublished":"2022-01-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of \"sperm-friendly\" coital lubricants on sperm motility. METHODS: This study compared the effects of five lubricants (Optilube®, Pre-Seed®, Yes Baby®, olive oil, and egg white) on sperm motility in 60 normozoospermic semen samples obtained from men attending a private fertility clinic. Samples were exposed to each of the lubricants, with untreated samples serving as controls, and were examined microscopically at four defined time-points from 2 to 72 h after liquefaction. Sperm motility was graded according to World Health Organization criteria. RESULTS: With the exception of egg white, all lubricants caused significant (P < 0.001) reductions in sperm forward progression compared with untreated controls until 24 h after liquefaction. Furthermore, between-group comparisons of the commercially available lubricants revealed statistically significant differences in forward progression motility: Pre-Seed® was superior to Optilube® (P < 0.001), which in turn was superior to Yes Baby® (P < 0.001) at 2-4 h after exposure. Significance (P < 0.001) between Pre-Seed® and Yes Baby® was maintained until 24 h. CONCLUSION: Although spermatozoa exposed to Pre-Seed® demonstrated greater motility than spermatozoa exposed to Yes Baby®, claims that these lubricants are sperm-friendly were refuted. Conversely, egg white was shown to be a sperm-friendly lubricant for couples who are trying to conceive.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijgo.14136","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/ijgo.14136"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35318650"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/eshre-guideline-endometriosis-p4pmhe1j/","name":"ESHRE guideline: endometriosis","headline":"ESHRE guideline: endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/eshre-guideline-endometriosis-p4pmhe1j/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"ESHRE Endometriosis Guideline Development Group"}],"datePublished":"2022-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction Open"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hropen/hoac009","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/hropen/hoac009"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35350465"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/female-reproductive-dysfunctions-and-the-gut-microbiota-s2j6lxfd/","name":"Female reproductive dysfunctions and the gut microbiota","headline":"Female reproductive dysfunctions and the gut microbiota","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/female-reproductive-dysfunctions-and-the-gut-microbiota-s2j6lxfd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Chadchan SB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Singh V","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2696-8357"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kommagani R"}],"datePublished":"2022-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Molecular Endocrinology"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1530/JME-21-0238","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1530/JME-21-0238"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/allergies-caused-by-textiles-and-their-control-sev2ytc1/","name":"Allergies caused by textiles and their control","headline":"Allergies caused by textiles and their control","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/allergies-caused-by-textiles-and-their-control-sev2ytc1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rohani Shirvan A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nouri A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kordjazi S"}],"datePublished":"2022-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Medical Textiles from Natural Resources"},"pageStart":"551","pageEnd":"579","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-90479-7.00019-1","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/b978-0-323-90479-7.00019-1"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-low-energy-availability-on-female-reproductive-function-ucsrpat8/","name":"Effects of low energy availability on female reproductive function","headline":"Effects of low energy availability on female reproductive function","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-low-energy-availability-on-female-reproductive-function-ucsrpat8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Iwasa T","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1014-5687"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Minato S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Imaizumi J","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6919-5342"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yoshida A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7246-9287"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kawakita T","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8241-376X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yoshida K","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5745-3623"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yu Yamamoto","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9667-0572","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Research and Development Division, Kagome, Nasushiobara, Japan. Email: Yu_Yamamoto@kagome.co.jp."}}],"datePublished":"2022-01-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: It is known that metabolic and nutritional disturbances induce reproductive dysfunction in females. The main cause of these alterations is reduced gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion from the hypothalamus, and the underlying mechanisms have gradually been elucidated.\n\nMETHODS: The present review summarizes current knowledge about the effects of nutrition/metabolism on reproductive functions, especially focusing on the GnRH regulation system.\n\nMAIN FINDINGS: Various central and peripheral factors are involved in the regulation of GnRH secretion, and alterations in their activity combine to affect GnRH neurons. Satiety-related factors, i.e., leptin, insulin, and alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, directly and indirectly stimulate GnRH secretion, whereas orexigenic factors, i.e., neuropeptide Y, Agouti-related protein, orexin, and ghrelin, attenuate GnRH secretion. In addition, kisspeptin, which is a potent positive regulator of GnRH, expression is reduced by metabolic and nutritional disturbances.\n\nCONCLUSION: These neuroendocrine systems may be defensive mechanisms, which help organisms to survive adverse conditions by temporarily suppressing reproduction.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproductive medicine and biology"}}},"pageStart":"e12414","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rmb2.12414","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/rmb2.12414"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34934398"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/rapport-annuel-dactivite-2021-agence-de-la-biomedecine-uz8y0ppv/","name":"Rapport annuel d'activité 2021 - Agence de la biomédecine","headline":"Rapport annuel d'activité 2021 - Agence de la biomédecine","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/rapport-annuel-dactivite-2021-agence-de-la-biomedecine-uz8y0ppv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Agence de la biomédecine"}],"datePublished":"2022-01-01","abstract":"Rapport annuel d'activité 2021 de l'Agence de la biomédecine. Annual activity report covering Agence de la biomédecine activities including AMP (Medically Assisted Reproduction) registry operations for 2021. Provides governance and operational context for the French national ART registry.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Agence de la biomédecine"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/current-insights-and-latest-updates-in-sperm-motility-and-associated-application-vwmuduee/","name":"Current Insights and Latest Updates in Sperm Motility and Associated Applications in Assisted Reproduction","headline":"Current Insights and Latest Updates in Sperm Motility and Associated Applications in Assisted Reproduction","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/current-insights-and-latest-updates-in-sperm-motility-and-associated-application-vwmuduee/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Dcunha R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hussein RS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ananda H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kumari S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Adiga SK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kannan N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ying Zhao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3189-8389","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kalthur G"}],"datePublished":"2022-01-01","abstract":"Spermatozoon is a motile cell with a special ability to travel through the woman's reproductive tract and fertilize an oocyte. To reach and penetrate the oocyte, spermatozoa should possess progressive motility. Therefore, motility is an important parameter during both natural and assisted conception. The global trend of progressive reduction in the number and motility of healthy spermatozoa in the ejaculate is associated with increased risk of infertility. Therefore, developing approaches for maintaining or enhancing human sperm motility has been an important area of investigation. In this review we discuss the physiology of sperm, molecular pathways regulating sperm motility, risk factors affecting sperm motility, and the role of sperm motility in fertility outcomes. In addition, we discuss various pharmacological agents and biomolecules that can enhance sperm motility in vitro and in vivo conditions to improve assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes. This article opens dialogs to help toxicologists, clinicians, andrologists, and embryologists in understanding the mechanism of factors influencing sperm motility and various management strategies to improve treatment outcomes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"29","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.)"}}},"pageStart":"7","pageEnd":"25","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s43032-020-00408-y","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104111581"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s43032-020-00408-y"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33289064"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q104111581"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2021-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2021-bsgrutqk/","name":"DIR Jahrbuch 2021 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2021)","headline":"DIR Jahrbuch 2021 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2021)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2021-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2021-bsgrutqk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register e.V."}],"datePublished":"2022-01-01","abstract":"Annual report (Jahrbuch) of the Deutsches IVF-Register (DIR) for treatment year 2021. DIR is the German national IVF/ICSI registry, founded 1982 — the oldest continuously operating ART registry. Voluntary professional-society database with high de-facto coverage of German fertility centres. Reports cycles, transfers, pregnancies and clinical outcomes by treatment type (IVF, ICSI, frozen embryo transfer, donor). German-language registry document. Used as a Phase B historical-archive source for the ART Registry Comparison study (cross-registry classification by reporting completeness on 7 framework dimensions).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register Jahrbuch"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/understanding-the-effect-of-endometrial-microbiome-composition-on-implantation-r-fxahhvea/","name":"Understanding the effect of endometrial microbiome composition on implantation rates","headline":"Understanding the effect of endometrial microbiome composition on implantation rates","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/understanding-the-effect-of-endometrial-microbiome-composition-on-implantation-r-fxahhvea/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Vagios S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mitchell HR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"James KE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sacha CR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dimitriadis I"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bormann CL"}],"datePublished":"2022-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Scientific Reports"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-in-japan-a-summary-report-for-2019-by-the-ethic-hbjkci7a/","name":"Assisted reproductive technology in Japan: A summary report for 2019 by the Ethics Committee of the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology","headline":"Assisted reproductive technology in Japan: A summary report for 2019 by the Ethics Committee of the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-in-japan-a-summary-report-for-2019-by-the-ethic-hbjkci7a/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Katagiri Y"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jwa SC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kuwahara A et al"}],"datePublished":"2022-01-01","abstract":"Annual summary report on assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycles performed in Japan during 2019, published by the Ethics Committee of the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology (JSOG).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reprod Med Biol"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/rmb2.12434","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q111865885"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/rmb2.12434"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35386377"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q111865885"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/leukocyte-telomere-length-in-children-born-following-blastocyststage-embryo-tran-hvyzrtml/","name":"Leukocyte telomere length in children born following blastocyst-stage embryo transfer","headline":"Leukocyte telomere length in children born following blastocyst-stage embryo transfer","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/leukocyte-telomere-length-in-children-born-following-blastocyststage-embryo-tran-hvyzrtml/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wang C, Gu Y, Zhou J, Zang J, Ling X, Li H, Hu L, Xu B, Zhang B, Qin N, Lv H, Duan W, Jiang Y, He Y, Jiang T, Chen C, Han X, Zhou K, Xu B, Liu X, Tao S, Jiang Y, Du J, Dai J, Diao F, Lu C, Guo X, Huo R, Liu J, Lin Y, Xia Y, Jin G, Ma H, Shen H, Hu Z"}],"datePublished":"2022-01-01","abstract":"1. Nat Med. 2022 Dec;28(12):2646-2653. doi: 10.1038/s41591-022-02108-3. Epub 2022\nDec 15.\n\nLeukocyte telomere length in children born following blastocyst-stage embryo\ntransfer.\n\nWang C(#)(1)(2)(3), Gu Y(#)(1)(2), Zhou J(#)(2), Zang J(#)(2), Ling X(#)(1)(4),\nLi H(#)(1)(5), Hu L(6), Xu B(7), Zhang B(8), Qin N(1)(2), Lv H(1)(9), Duan W(3),\nJiang Y(1)(2), He Y(1)(2), Jiang T(1)(10), Chen C(2), Han X(1)(2), Zhou K(1)(2),\nXu B(1)(2), Liu X(1)(2), Tao S(1)(2), Jiang Y(1)(2), Du J(1)(2), Dai J(1)(2),\nDiao F(1)(11), Lu C(1)(12), Guo X(1), Huo R(1), Liu J(1)(9)(11), Lin\nY(1)(9)(13), Xia Y(1)(12), Jin G(1)(2)(9), Ma H(1)(2)(9), Shen H(1)(2)(9), Hu\nZ(14)(15)(16).\n\nAuthor information:\n(1)State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University,\nNanjing, Jiangsu, China.\n(2)Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public\nHealth, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.\n(3)Department of Bioinformatics, School of Biomedical Engineering and\nInformatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.\n(4)Department of Reproduction, The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital\nof Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital,\nNanjing, Jiangsu, China.\n(5)Reproductive Genetic Center, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing\nMedical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical\nUniversity, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.\n(6)Department of Reproduction, Changzhou Maternity and Child Health Care\nHospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou,\nJiangsu, China.\n(7)Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medicine College,\nHuazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.\n(8)Center for Reproductive Medicine, The Maternal and Child Health Hospital of\nGuangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China.\n(9)State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine (Suzhou Centre), The Affiliated\nSuzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu\nSchool, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.\n(10)Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public\nHealth, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.\n(11)Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of\nNanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.\n(12)Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of\nPublic Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.\n(13)Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public\nHealth, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.\n(14)State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University,\nNanjing, Jiangsu, China. zhibin_hu@njmu.edu.cn.\n(15)Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public\nHealth, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.\nzhibin_hu@njmu.edu.cn.\n(16)State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine (Suzhou Centre), The\nAffiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal\nHospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.\nzhibin_hu@njmu.edu.cn.\n(#)Contributed equally\n\nComment in\nNat Med. 2022 Dec;28(12):2476-2477. doi: 10.1038/s41591-022-02098-2.\n\nPerinatal and childhood adverse outcomes associated with assisted reproductive\ntechnology (ART) has been reported, but it remains unknown whether the initial\nleukocyte telomere length (LTL), which is an indicator of age-related phenotypes\nin later life, is affected. Here, we estimated the LTLs of 1,137 individuals\nfrom 365 families, including 202 children conceived by ART and 205 children\nconceived spontaneously from two centers of the China National Birth Cohort,\nusing whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data. One-year-old children conceived by ART\nhad shorter LTLs than those conceived spontaneously (beta, -0.36;\nP = 1.29 × 10-3) after adjusting for plurality, sex and other potential\nconfounding factors. In particular, blastocyst-stage embryo transfer was\nassociated with shorter LTL (beta, -0.54, P = 2.69 × 10-3) in children conceived\nby ART. The association was validated in 586 children conceived by ART from five\ncenters using different LTL quantification methods (that is, WGS or qPCR).\nBlastocyst-stage embryo transfer resulted in shorter telomere lengths in mice at\npostnatal day 1 (P = 2.10 × 10-4) and mice at 6 months (P = 0.042). In vitro\nculturing of mice embryos did not result in shorter telomere lengths in the late\ncleavage stage, but it did suppress telomerase activity in the early blastocyst\nstage. Our findings demonstrate the need to evaluate the long-term consequences\nof ART, particularly for aging-related phenotypes, in children conceived by ART.\n\n© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature America, Inc.\n\nDOI: 10.1038/s41591-022-02108-3\nPMID: 36522605 [Indexed for MEDLINE]","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nature medicine"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-022-02108-3","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/s41591-022-02108-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36522605"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/face-maska-potential-source-of-phthalate-exposure-for-human-lagzpm3i/","name":"Face mask—A potential source of phthalate exposure for human","headline":"Face mask—A potential source of phthalate exposure for human","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/face-maska-potential-source-of-phthalate-exposure-for-human-lagzpm3i/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hailiang Xie","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6851-0942","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"BGI Group (China)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045pn2j94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wenchao Han","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7507-2450","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Pediatrics, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao 266071, China. Electronic address: hanwenchaodr@outlook.com."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xie Q"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xu T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhu M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Junhao Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7375-0211","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02drdmm93"}}],"datePublished":"2022-01-01","abstract":"Face masks are necessary for fighting against the coronavirus disease 2019 around the world. As the face mask is usually made from polymers and phthalates are widely-used additives into the polymers, the face mask could be a potential source of phthalate exposure to humans. However, limited knowledge is available on the occurrence and risks of the phthalates from the face mask. In this study, twelve phthalates were determined in 56 mask samples collected from different countries. The phthalates were detected in all the samples with total levels ranging from 115 ng/g to 37,700 ng/g. Estimated daily intakes (EDIs) of the phthalates from the masks ranged from 3.71 to 639 ng/kg-bw/day, and the EDIs of the phthalates from masks for toddlers were approximately 4-5 times higher than those for adults. Non-carcinogenic risks in relation to the phthalates in masks were found to be within safe levels, yet 89.3% of the mask samples exhibited potential carcinogenic effects to humans. The extent of the risks for wearing masks located at a moderate level comparing with other skin-contacted products. This study unveiled a potential source of phthalate exposure to human, and indicated necessity of managing types and levels of additives in the face masks.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"422","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials"}},"pageStart":"126848","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126848","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126848"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/patch-test-results-to-extracts-of-synthetic-garments-in-textile-dye-positive-pat-mm3chlt4/","name":"Patch test results to extracts of synthetic garments in textile dye positive patients","headline":"Patch test results to extracts of synthetic garments in textile dye positive patients","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/patch-test-results-to-extracts-of-synthetic-garments-in-textile-dye-positive-pat-mm3chlt4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Linauskiene K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zimerson E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sörensen Ö"}],"datePublished":"2022-01-01","abstract":"AbstractBackgroundDisperse dyes (DDs) are the most prevalent causes of textile‐related allergic contact dermatitis and are used for colouring synthetic textile materials based on fibres such as polyester, acrylic, acetate and polyamide. Eight DDs are included in a textile dye mix (TDM) 6.6% petrolatum (pet.) in the European baseline patch test series.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to patch test TDM 6.6% pet. positive individuals with the extracts of synthetic fibre clothes that do not contain any of the pure DDs present in the TDM 6.6% to study the reactivity pattern.MethodsSeventy‐three TDM‐positive former patients tested between 2012 and 2017 at the Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology in Malmö, Sweden were invited to join the study, 10 participated. Twenty‐four textile items (collected in nine countries in Europe, Asia and North America in 2012) were extracted in dichloromethane. The TDM 6.6% was patch tested simultaneously with the 24 textile item preparations in petrolatum made from the extracts. Prior to patch testing the participants filled the 7‐question questionnaire regarding possible symptoms from textile exposure.ResultsTen individuals, agreed to join the study. Eight of them reacted to TDM 6.6%. Nine participants reacted to 20 of 24 extracts. One reacted to 19 extracts, another to 14, 3 to 5 extracts, 1 to 4, 1 to 3 extracts and 2 to 2 extracts. One was negative to all tested preparations including TDM 6.6%. The participants mainly reacted to six textile extracts. All controls tested negatively to tested extracts. Four individuals of the 10 TDM‐allergic individuals previously had had problems after wearing clothes. Four out of the 10 participants had had atopic eczema in childhood. All women had dyed their hair with permanent hair dyes but none of the males.ConclusionTDM‐positive patients react to textile extracts made from synthetic garments, even if they do not contain any of the pure DDs present in TDM 6.6%. More studies are needed to pin‐point the culprit haptens in these extracts.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contact Dermatitis"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cod.14182","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/cod.14182"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/in-couples-with-infertility-is-natural-procreative-technology-successful-in-achi-rechrsj3cvwgugoc0/","name":"In couples with infertility, is natural procreative technology successful in achieving live birth?","headline":"In couples with infertility, is natural procreative technology successful in achieving live birth?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/in-couples-with-infertility-is-natural-procreative-technology-successful-in-achi-rechrsj3cvwgugoc0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"John C. McCabe","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Minnesota State University, Mankato","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04att9732"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert D. Jeske","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Minnesota State University, Mankato","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04att9732"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"McCabe J","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0394-6681","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Colorado Boulder"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Benjamin J. Paul","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Minnesota State University, Mankato","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04att9732"}}],"datePublished":"2022-01-01","abstract":"Mankato Family Medicine Residency, University of Minnesota, Mankato, MN The corresponding author is Robert D. Jeske; [email protected]. The authors declare no conflicts of interest.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"25","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Evidence-Based Practice"}}},"pageStart":"25","pageEnd":"26","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ebp.0000000000001374","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/ebp.0000000000001374"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chorioamnionitis-and-neonatal-outcomes-q7juypuf/","name":"Chorioamnionitis and neonatal outcomes","headline":"Chorioamnionitis and neonatal outcomes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chorioamnionitis-and-neonatal-outcomes-q7juypuf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jain VG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Willis KA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jobe A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ambalavanan N"}],"datePublished":"2022-01-01","abstract":"Chorioamnionitis or intrauterine inflammation is a frequent cause of preterm birth. Chorioamnionitis can affect almost every organ of the developing fetus. Multiple microbes have been implicated to cause chorioamnionitis, but \"sterile\" inflammation appears to be more common. Eradication of microorganisms has not been shown to prevent the morbidity and mortality associated with chorioamnionitis as inflammatory mediators account for continued fetal and maternal injury. Mounting evidence now supports the concept that the ensuing neonatal immune dysfunction reflects the effects of inflammation on immune programming during critical developmental windows, leading to chronic inflammatory disorders as well as vulnerability to infection after birth. A better understanding of microbiome alterations and inflammatory dysregulation may help develop better treatment strategies for infants born to mothers with chorioamnionitis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"91","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Pediatric research"}}},"pageStart":"289","pageEnd":"296","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-021-01633-0","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/s41390-021-01633-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34211129"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/trends-in-egg-sperm-and-embryo-donation-2020-recek7dyhefsbtttz/","name":"\"Trends in Egg, Sperm and Embryo Donation 2020\"","headline":"\"Trends in Egg, Sperm and Embryo Donation 2020\"","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/trends-in-egg-sperm-and-embryo-donation-2020-recek7dyhefsbtttz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority"}],"datePublished":"2022-01-01","abstract":"# Trends in egg, sperm and embryo donation 2020\nStatistics on donation and donor treatments in the UK fertility sector\nPublished: November 2022\n[Download the underlying dataset as .xlsx](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/media/ycjb2gnm/trends-in-egg-sperm-and-embryo-donation-2020-underlying-dataset.xlsx \"Trends in egg, sperm and embryo donation 2020 - underlying dataset\")\n## Table of contents\n- [Main points](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/trends-in-egg-sperm-and-embryo-donation-2020/#main-points)\n- [Foreword](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/trends-in-egg-sperm-and-embryo-donation-2020/#foreword)\n- [Section 1. Use of donor eggs, sperm and embryos has increased](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/trends-in-egg-sperm-and-embryo-donation-2020/#section-1)\n- [Section 2. Donor registrations have increased, though access to donors of ethnic minority backgrounds varies](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/trends-in-egg-sperm-and-embryo-donation-2020/#section-2)\n- [Section 3. Treatments using donor eggs, sperm and embryos less commonly funded by NHS](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/trends-in-egg-sperm-and-embryo-donation-2020/#section-3)\n- [Section 4. Donor eggs can increase birth rates for older patients](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/trends-in-egg-sperm-and-embryo-donation-2020/#section-4)\n- [Section 5. From 2023, donor-conceived people will be able to access information on their donors](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/trends-in-egg-sperm-and-embryo-donation-2020/#section-5)\n- [Section 6. Characteristics of egg and sperm donors have changed over time](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/trends-in-egg-sperm-and-embryo-donation-2020/#section-6)\n- [About our data](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/trends-in-egg-sp...","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/optimizing-natural-fertility-a-committee-opinion-y7bycdvm/","name":"Optimizing natural fertility: a committee opinion","headline":"Optimizing natural fertility: a committee opinion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/optimizing-natural-fertility-a-committee-opinion-y7bycdvm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine"}],"datePublished":"2022-01-01","abstract":"This committee opinion provides practitioners with suggestions for optimizing the likelihood of achieving pregnancy in couples or individuals attempting conception who have no evidence of infertility. This document replaces the document of the same name previously published in 2013 (Fertil Steril 2013;100:631-7).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.10.007","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.10.007"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34815068"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/thyroid-autoimmunity-and-its-negative-impact-on-female-fertility-and-maternal-pr-yrzenpiy/","name":"Thyroid autoimmunity and its negative impact on female fertility and maternal pregnancy outcomes","headline":"Thyroid autoimmunity and its negative impact on female fertility and maternal pregnancy outcomes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/thyroid-autoimmunity-and-its-negative-impact-on-female-fertility-and-maternal-pr-yrzenpiy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Tańska K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gietka-Czernel M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Glinicki P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kozakowski J"}],"datePublished":"2022-01-01","abstract":"Thyroid autoimmunity (TAI) is commonly defined as the presence of thyroperoxidase antibodies (TPOAbs) and/or thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAbs), which predisposes an individual to hypothyroidism. TAI affects nearly 10% of women of reproductive age and evokes great interest from clinicians because of its potentially negative impact on female fertility and pregnancy course. In this mini-review, we review the current literature concerning the influence of TPOAb or TPOAb/TgAb positivity without thyroid dysfunction on reproduction. TAI may negatively affect female fertility; several studies have found an increased prevalence of TAI in infertile women, especially in those with unexplained infertility and polycystic ovary syndrome. According to some observations, TAI might also be connected with premature ovarian insufficiency and endometriosis. The relationship between TAI and an increased risk of pregnancy loss is well documented. The pathophysiological background of these observations remains unclear, and researchers hypothesize on the direct infiltration of reproductive organs by thyroid antibodies, co-existence of TAI with other autoimmune diseases (either organ specific or systemic), immunological dysfunction leading to inhibition of immune tolerance, and relative thyroid hormone deficiency. Interestingly, in the current literature, better outcomes of assisted reproductive technology in women with TAI have been reported compared with those reported in earlier publications. One plausible explanation is the more widespread use of the intracytoplasmic sperm injection method. The results of randomized clinical trials have shown that levothyroxine supplementation is ineffective in preventing adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with TAI, and future research should probably be directed toward immunotherapy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in endocrinology"}},"pageStart":"1049665","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.1049665","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fendo.2022.1049665"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36714589"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relative-energy-deficiency-in-sport-reds-scientific-clinical-and-practical-impli-zrln0bdr/","name":"Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S): Scientific, Clinical, and Practical Implications for the Female Athlete","headline":"Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S): Scientific, Clinical, and Practical Implications for the Female Athlete","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relative-energy-deficiency-in-sport-reds-scientific-clinical-and-practical-impli-zrln0bdr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Cabre HE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Moore SR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Smith-Ryan AE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hackney AC"}],"datePublished":"2022-01-01","abstract":"PROBLEM: If athletes develop low energy availability (LEA), it can lead to a Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S) syndrome which has severe health consequences if not treated.\n\nMETHODOLOGY: A narrative review of the most recent and pertinent literature on the topic, with special emphasis on women.\n\nRESULTS: In assessing the current literature, we have synthesized: i) the scientific implications of LEA and RED-S, ii) the clinical manifestations of the conditions currently available for detection, as well as iii) the practical implications for healthcare and support for female athletes and teams in planning intervention or prevention strategies (maintaining EA >45 kcal/kg FFM/day).\n\nDISCUSSION: The 'Female Athlete Triad\" emerged in the 1990s as researchers understood more of the etiological adaptation of female athlete health to sports training. In the last 10 years, the scientific community has recognized that the 'Triad' approach was too narrow in focus, and the broader concept of RED-S emerged. Both the Triad and RED-S are consequences of a frequently prevalent LEA in athletes (<30 kcal/kg FFM/day). Developing LEA and RED-S compromises training adaptation, performance capacity, and health in athletes. For these reasons, it is critical that an athlete's support team recognize the behaviors that may indicate RED-S evolution. In this way, we can assist female athletes in reaching their full potential in sports while protecting their health.\n\nPROBLEM: Kommt es bei männlichen oder weiblichen Athleten zu einer dauerhaft niedrigen Energieverfügbarkeit (low energy availability, LEA), steigt das Risiko eines Relative Energy Deficiency in Sports (RED-S) Syndroms, welches unbehandelt schwerwiegende kurz- wie langfristige gesundheitliche Konsequenzen haben kann.\n\nMETHODIK: Ein narratives Review der aktuellsten und relevantesten Literatur mit besonderem Fokus auf weibliche Betroffene.\n\nRESULTATE: Aus der verfügbaren Literatur haben wir i) wissenschaftliche Implikationen von LEA und RED-S, ii) klinische Manifestationen und iii) praktische Implikationen für die medizinische Behandlung, Unterstützung betroffener Teams, sowie präventive Strategien herausgearbeitet.\n\nDISKUSSION: In den 1990er Jahren erfasste mit zunehmendem Verständnis um die frauen-spezifischen Anpassungen an sportliche Aktivität das Phänomen der “Female Athlete Triad” die Aufmerksamkeit von Wissenschaftlern und Medizinern. In der vergangenen 10 Jahren zeigte sich, dass der “Triad”-Ansatz zu kurz greift und es wurde stattdessen das breiter gefasste Konzept des RED-S etabliert. Sowohl die “Female Athlete Triad”, als auch RED-S sind letztendlich Konsequenzen der häufig prävalenten LEA in Athletinnen mit weitreichenden Konsequenzen auf die Trainingsadaptation, Wettkampfleistung und kurz-, wie langfristige Gesundheit der Betroffenen. Aus diesem Grund ist das Erkennen von Verhaltensweisen, welche auf ein RED-S hindeuten durch Trainer und weiterer Stakeholder einer Athletin beziehungsweise eines Teams essenziell für eine gesundheitsund leistungserhaltende Betreuung von betroffenen Athletinnen.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"73","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Deutsche Zeitschrift fur Sportmedizin"}}},"pageStart":"225","pageEnd":"234","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.5960/dzsm.2022.546","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.5960/dzsm.2022.546"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36479178"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-endometrial-polyps-and-chronic-endometritis-is-it-time-for-a-recnttsdmqyb3t0iv/","name":"Association between Endometrial Polyps and Chronic Endometritis: Is It Time for a  Paradigm Shift in the Pathophysiology of Endometrial Polyps in Pre-Menopausal  Women? Results of a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","headline":"Association between Endometrial Polyps and Chronic Endometritis: Is It Time for a  Paradigm Shift in the Pathophysiology of Endometrial Polyps in Pre-Menopausal  Women? Results of a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-endometrial-polyps-and-chronic-endometritis-is-it-time-for-a-recnttsdmqyb3t0iv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rossana Cicinelli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4037-0009","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027ynra39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pantaleo Greco","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2461-6777","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Translational and for Romagna Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy","sameAs":"https://ror.org/041zkgm14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marco Noventa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7809-6001","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Padua","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00240q980"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ettore Cicinelli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2390-4582","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Human Oncologic Science, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027ynra39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Giovanni Buzzaccarini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9466-0178","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Padua","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00240q980"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mariangela Cialdella","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027ynra39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carla Mariaflavia Santarsiero","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7193-2858","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027ynra39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amerigo Vitagliano","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2824-5435","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Padua","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00240q980"}}],"datePublished":"2021-12-25","abstract":"Background: Chronic endometritis (CE) and endometrial polyps (EPs) are common conditions in reproductive age women. CE is an infectious disorder of the endometrium characterized by signs of chronic inflammation at hysteroscopic and histological analyses. EPs are abnormal endometrial growths containing glands, stroma and blood vessels projecting from the lining of the uterus. During the last years, different authors have investigated the correlation between CE and EPs, with controversial results. The aim of this study was to summarize available evidence on the potential correlation between CE and EPs.\nDesign: Systematic literature review and meta-analysis.\n\nMethods: Observational-studies were identified by searching electronic databases from their inception to September 2021. Only studies on pre-menopausal women were included. Statistical analysis was performed using MedCalc 16.4.3 (Ostend, Belgium) and Review Manager version 5.3 (Nordic Cochrane Centre, Cochrane Collaboration). The summary measures were reported as pooled proportion or odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). The primary outcome was to evaluate the prevalence of CE in women with EPs. The secondary outcome was to determine the prevalence of CD-138-positive EPs among EPs. Tertiary outcomes were to compare the prevalence of CE in women with EPs versus women with a non-polypoid endometrium and to compare the prevalence of CE in women with a single EP versus women with multiple EPs.\n\nResults: Eight observational studies (n = 3225 patients) were included in quantitative synthesis. Pooled prevalence of CE among women with EPs was 51.35% (95% CI, 27.24-75.13%). Pooled proportion of CD-138-positive EPs among EPs was 70.73% (95% CI, 55.73-83.68%). Women with EPs showed higher prevalence of CE compared to women without EPs (OR 3.07, 95% CI 1.59-5.95). Women with ≥3 EPs had higher prevalence of CE then women with a single EP (OR 3.43, 95% CI 1.83-6.46).\n\nConclusions: In pre-menopausal women, CE and EPs may have a dependent relationship and may represent two consequent steps of a common pathological process.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)"}}},"pageStart":"2182","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11122182","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/diagnostics11122182"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34943419"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/increased-serum-prolactin-and-excessive-daytime-sleepiness-an-attempt-of-proof-o-rectq01wpyzmqbq8t/","name":"Increased Serum Prolactin and Excessive Daytime Sleepiness: An Attempt of  Proof-of-Concept Study","headline":"Increased Serum Prolactin and Excessive Daytime Sleepiness: An Attempt of  Proof-of-Concept Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/increased-serum-prolactin-and-excessive-daytime-sleepiness-an-attempt-of-proof-o-rectq01wpyzmqbq8t/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"F. Cosentino","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1296-9321","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oasi Maria SS","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dqmaq38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bartolo Lanuzza","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8404-1480","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oasi Maria SS","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dqmaq38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mariangela Tripodi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5703-299X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oasi Maria SS","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dqmaq38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Debora Aricò","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9246-1979","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oasi Maria SS","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dqmaq38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lourdes M DelRosso","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3349-8426","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Seattle Children's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01njes783"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Giuseppe Plazzi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1051-0472","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Raffaele Ferri","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6937-3065","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oasi Maria SS","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dqmaq38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Giuseppe Lanza","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5659-662X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Catania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria P Mogavero","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6662-2281","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00mc77d93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fabio Pizza","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02mgzgr95"}}],"datePublished":"2021-12-25","abstract":"The objectives of this study were: (1) to identify subjects with hyperprolactinemia in a clinical sample of patients; (2) to compare the neurologic, psychiatric, and sleep conditions found in patients subgrouped by excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and hyperprolactinemia; and (3) to identify patients with hyperprolactinemia and EDS not supported by the presence of any other neurologic, psychiatric, or sleep disorder, or substance/medication use. A retrospective chart review of inpatients was carried out in order to identify all patients in whom the prolactin (PRL) serum levels were determined. A total of 130 subjects were retrieved: 55 had increased levels of PRL, while the remaining 75 participants had normal PRL levels. EDS was reported by 32 (58.2%) participants with increased PRL and 34 (45.3%) with normal PRL. Obstructive sleep apnea or other sleep or neurologic/psychiatric conditions could explain EDS in all participants with normal PRL. Among subjects with increased PRL, eight had no other neurologic/psychiatric or sleep disorder (or drug) potentially causing EDS; these participants, at polysomnography, had time in bed, sleep period time, and total sleep time longer than those with EDS associated to another condition. These findings can be considered as a preliminary indication of a role of hyperprolactinemia in EDS and represent a basis for future controlled studies able to test this hypothesis in a reliable, objective, and methodologically more appropriate way.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Brain Sciences"}}},"pageStart":"1574","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11121574","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q137225551"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/brainsci11121574"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34942875"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q137225551"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/immunology-and-immunotherapy-of-endometriosis-recbtgb0l5jipk8bg/","name":"Immunology and Immunotherapy of Endometriosis","headline":"Immunology and Immunotherapy of Endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/immunology-and-immunotherapy-of-endometriosis-recbtgb0l5jipk8bg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marta Hoffmann","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0480-0665","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wojskowy Instytut Medycyny Lotniczej","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01xtcza13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrzej Mackiewicz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5574-6609","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Poznan University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02zbb2597"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marta Hoffmann-Młodzianowska","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9416-3876","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Department of Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudine Kieda","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02feahw73"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Radosław B Maksym","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2584-6734","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03jgmfc14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michał Rabijewski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2049-7427","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03jgmfc14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Milena Skibińska","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical University of Lodz","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02t4ekc95"}}],"datePublished":"2021-12-25","abstract":"Endometriosis is one of the most common gynecological and systemic diseases, with a remarkable immune background. Patients suffer from pain and fertility reduction. Due to the distinct immune component, an immunotherapeutic approach may gain importance in the future. In endometriosis, shifts in the cell fractions of the immune system are well known. Moreover, hypoxia concomitant with inflammation causes a disturbed immune response. The removal of endometriosis has a therapeutic effect, normalizes the immune disorders, and remains the most effective causative treatment in terms of pain and infertility. A key issue is whether a similar effect can be achieved for fertility with non-invasive immunotherapy where surgery is inadvisable or cannot be performed for various reasons. Numerous immunotherapy trials, including vaccines, were conducted on animals only, although the research is encouraging. Among the promising methods of non-specific immunotherapy is the administration of an ethiodized oil contrast. Moreover, due to the significant successes of immunotherapy in oncology, the possibility of immunotherapy affecting NK cells has been postulated. NK cells are responsible for the surveillance and apoptosis of ectopic cells. Expanding the arsenal of endometriosis treatment by immunotherapy is promising due to the significant contribution of immunological factors and the limitations of current treatment methods.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"5879","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10245879","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/jcm10245879"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34945174"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-role-of-genital-tract-microbiome-in-fertility-a-systematic-review-fvsdkvks/","name":"The Role of Genital Tract Microbiome in Fertility: A Systematic Review","headline":"The Role of Genital Tract Microbiome in Fertility: A Systematic Review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-role-of-genital-tract-microbiome-in-fertility-a-systematic-review-fvsdkvks/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Salvatore Giovanni Vitale","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6871-6097","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Catania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ferrari F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ciebiera M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zgliczyńska M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Agnese Maria Chiara Rapisarda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9560-7598","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Catania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vecchio GM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pino A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Angelico G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Knafel A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Riemma G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"De Franciscis P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cianci S"}],"datePublished":"2021-12-24","abstract":"The human microbiome plays a crucial role in determining the health status of every human being, and the microbiome of the genital tract can affect the fertility potential before and during assisted reproductive treatments (ARTs). This review aims to identify and appraise studies investigating the correlation of genital microbiome to infertility. Publications up to February 2021 were identified by searching the electronic databases PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus and Embase and bibliographies. Only full-text original research articles written in English were considered eligible for analysis, whereas reviews, editorials, opinions or letters, case studies, conference papers, and abstracts were excluded. Twenty-six articles were identified. The oldest studies adopted the exclusive culture-based technique, while in recent years PCR and RNA sequencing based on 16S rRNA were the most used technique. Regardless of the anatomical site under investigation, the Lactobacillus-dominated flora seems to play a pivotal role in determining fertility, and in particular Lactobacillus crispatus showed a central role. Nonetheless, the presence of pathogens in the genital tract, such as Chlamydia trachomatis, Gardnerella vaginalis, Ureaplasma species, and Gram-negative stains microorganism, affected fertility also in case of asymptomatic bacterial vaginosis (BV). We failed to identify descriptive or comparative studies regarding tubal microbiome. The microbiome of the genital tract plays a pivotal role in fertility, also in case of ARTs. The standardization of the sampling methods and investigations approaches is warranted to stratify the fertility potential and its subsequent treatment. Prospective tubal microbiome studies are warranted.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"23","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"}}},"pageStart":"180","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23010180","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/ijms23010180"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metabolic-syndrome-and-pcos-pathogenesis-and-the-role-of-metabolites-recrei1dlmk8ukkho/","name":"Metabolic Syndrome and PCOS: Pathogenesis and the Role of Metabolites","headline":"Metabolic Syndrome and PCOS: Pathogenesis and the Role of Metabolites","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metabolic-syndrome-and-pcos-pathogenesis-and-the-role-of-metabolites-recrei1dlmk8ukkho/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Weixuan Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8886-7351","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01mv9t934"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yanli Pang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1664-7592","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01mv9t934"}}],"datePublished":"2021-12-24","abstract":"Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine diseases among women of reproductive age and is associated with many metabolic manifestations, such as obesity, insulin resistance (IR) and hyperandrogenism. The underlying pathogenesis of these metabolic symptoms has not yet been fully elucidated. With the application of metabolomics techniques, a variety of metabolite changes have been observed in the serum and follicular fluid (FF) of PCOS patients and animal models. Changes in metabolites result from the daily diet and occur during uncommon physiological routines. However, some of these metabolite changes may provide evidence to explain possible mechanisms and new approaches for prevention and therapy. This article reviews the pathogenesis of PCOS metabolic symptoms and the relationship between metabolites and the pathophysiology of PCOS. Furthermore, the potential clinical application of some specific metabolites will be discussed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Metabolites"}}},"pageStart":"869","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo11120869","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/metabo11120869"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34940628"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ranking-lifestyle-risk-factors-for-cervical-cancer-among-black-women-a-case-control-study-from-johannesburg-south-africa-rec7oi7wp2fazx3ic/","name":"Ranking lifestyle risk factors for cervical cancer among Black women: A case-control study from Johannesburg, South Africa","headline":"Ranking lifestyle risk factors for cervical cancer among Black women: A case-control study from Johannesburg, South Africa","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ranking-lifestyle-risk-factors-for-cervical-cancer-among-black-women-a-case-control-study-from-johannesburg-south-africa-rec7oi7wp2fazx3ic/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Debbie Bradshaw","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3588-2184","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"South African Medical Research Council","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05q60vz69"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wenlong Carl Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3248-4906","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of the Witwatersrand","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rp50x72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Abram Bunya Kamiza","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3919-7651","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of the Witwatersrand","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rp50x72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chantal Babb de Villiers","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1334-1819","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of the Witwatersrand","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rp50x72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cathryn M Lewis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8249-8476","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"King's College London","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tim Waterboer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0616-6963","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"German Cancer Research Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04cdgtt98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert Newton","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1160-171X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of York","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04m01e293"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher G Mathew","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4178-1838","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of the Witwatersrand","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rp50x72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Melitah Motlhale","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4703-7057","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Health Laboratory Service","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00znvbk37"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mazvita Muchengeti","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Health Laboratory Service","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00znvbk37"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elvira Singh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2276-0575","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of the Witwatersrand","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rp50x72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mwiza Gideon Singini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2897-1728","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Health Laboratory Service","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00znvbk37"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Freddy Sitas","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9679-1481","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Menzies School of Health Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/006mbby82"}}],"datePublished":"2021-12-08","abstract":"Background: Aside from human papillomavirus (HPV), the role of other risk factors in cervical cancer such as age, education, parity, sexual partners, smoking and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have been described but never ranked in order of priority. We evaluated the contribution of several known lifestyle co-risk factors for cervical cancer among black South African women.\n\nMethods: We used participant data from the Johannesburg Cancer Study, a case-control study of women recruited mainly at Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital between 1995 and 2016. A total of 3,450 women in the study had invasive cervical cancers, 95% of which were squamous cell carcinoma. Controls were 5,709 women with cancers unrelated to exposures of interest. Unconditional logistic regression models were used to calculate adjusted odds ratios (ORadj) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). We ranked these risk factors by their population attributable fractions (PAF), which take the local prevalence of exposure among the cases and risk into account.\n\nResults: Cervical cancer in decreasing order of priority was associated with (1) being HIV positive (ORadj = 2.83, 95% CI = 2.53-3.14, PAF = 17.6%), (2) lower educational attainment (ORadj = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.44-1.77, PAF = 16.2%), (3) higher parity (3+ children vs 2-1 children (ORadj = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.07-1.46, PAF = 12.6%), (4) hormonal contraceptive use (ORadj = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.24-1.77, PAF = 8.9%), (5) heavy alcohol consumption (ORadj = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.15-1.81, PAF = 5.6%), (6) current smoking (ORadj = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.41-1.91, PAF = 5.1%), and (7) rural residence (ORadj = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.44-1.77, PAF = 4.4%). Conclunsion: This rank order of risks could be used to target educational messaging and appropriate interventions for cervical cancer prevention in South African women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"PLoS One"}}},"pageStart":"e0260319","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0260319","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1371/journal.pone.0260319"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34879064"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-the-monthly-injectable-combined-contraceptives-versus-oral-contracepti-recbxjwtnmkfyh2nn/","name":"Effect of the Monthly Injectable Combined Contraceptives versus Oral  Contraceptive Pills on Mood","headline":"Effect of the Monthly Injectable Combined Contraceptives versus Oral  Contraceptive Pills on Mood","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-the-monthly-injectable-combined-contraceptives-versus-oral-contracepti-recbxjwtnmkfyh2nn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marwa D Hasan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1287-3282","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cairo University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03q21mh05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ghada M Khafagy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6941-7291","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03q21mh05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nagwa E Saad","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6309-6757","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03q21mh05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hebatallah L Shalaby","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0868-2897","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Family Medicine, Ministry of Health, Cairo, Egypt."}}],"datePublished":"2021-12-07","abstract":"Background: Contraceptive agents are widely used by women of reproductive age, and resulting depression is the most common side effect of this usage. This study aimed to study the effect of monthly injectable combined contraceptives versus that of combined oral contraceptive pills (COC) on patients' mood.\n\nMethods: A prospective cohort study was conducted on 124 females aged 18-45 years attending the Kom-Ashfeen Family Medicine Unit, El-Kalyubia, Egypt. Participants were divided into three groups according to their choice: group A included 44 participants who received monthly combined injectable contraceptives (CIC); group B included 40 participants who took COC; and group C included 40 participants who used the copper intrauterine device (IUD). The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) score was assessed at the beginning of the study and after 6 months of follow-up.\n\nResults: After 6 months of follow-up, there were mild but statistically significant increases in the PHQ-9 score in groups A and B, with group A (CIC users) showing the highest increase. Approximately 34.1%, 27.5%, and 15% of CIC, COC, and IUD users, respectively, moved from the non-depression stage to mild depression after 6 months; this change was statistically significant in groups A and B only.\n\nConclusion: Monthly injectable combined contraceptives and oral contraceptive pills were associated with an increased risk of developing mild depression; this risk was higher in users of CICs, although the difference was not statistically significant. Thus, it is crucial to counsel patients about this possible risk and to follow them up. However, further studies are required to confirm our results.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"42","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Korean Journal of Family Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"471","pageEnd":"476","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.20.0106","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4082/kjfm.20.0106"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34871488"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-scoping-review-of-perinatal-palliative-care-allowing-parents-to-be-parents-recxmwzhatdc7zben/","name":"A Scoping Review of Perinatal Palliative Care: Allowing Parents to Be Parents","headline":"A Scoping Review of Perinatal Palliative Care: Allowing Parents to Be Parents","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-scoping-review-of-perinatal-palliative-care-allowing-parents-to-be-parents-recxmwzhatdc7zben/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Byron C Calhoun","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2169-3737","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Charleston Area Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vfy4r65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cara Buskmiller","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1313-1192","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women’s Health, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}}],"datePublished":"2021-12-03","abstract":"Objective: Perinatal palliative care (PPC) is an option for patients who discover that their infant has a life-limiting fetal condition, which decreases the burden of the condition using a multidisciplinary approach.\n\nStudy Design: This review discusses the landmark literature in the past two decades, which have seen significant growth and development in the concept of PPC.\n\nResults: The literature describes the background, quality, and benefits of offering PPC, as well as the ethical principles that support its being offered in every discussion of fetal life-limiting diagnoses.\n\nConclusion: PPC shares a similar risk profile to other options after life-limiting diagnosis, including satisfaction with choice of continuation of pregnancy. The present clinical opinion closes by noting common barriers to establishing PPC programs and offers a response to overcome each one. KEY POINTS: · Perinatal palliative care serves patients who continue pregnancies with life-limiting fetal anomaly.. · Perinatal palliative care has a risk profile similar to other options such as termination.. · Health care providers can serve as champions to extend PPC to patients in their region..","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"40","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Perinatology"}}},"pageStart":"1373","pageEnd":"1377","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1740251","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1055/s-0041-1740251"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34856607"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/female-fertility-and-the-nutritional-approach-the-most-essential-aspects-lqdmhkoi/","name":"Female Fertility and the Nutritional Approach: The Most Essential Aspects","headline":"Female Fertility and the Nutritional Approach: The Most Essential Aspects","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/female-fertility-and-the-nutritional-approach-the-most-essential-aspects-lqdmhkoi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Skoracka K","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1593-1903"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ratajczak AE","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7731-6965"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rychter AM","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6586-3611"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dobrowolska A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3647-5070"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Krela-Kaźmierczak I","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5122-8003"}],"datePublished":"2021-12-01","abstract":"Infertility is an increasing problem that affects couples attempting pregnancy. A growing body of evidence points to a link between diet and female fertility. In fact, data show that a diet high in trans fats, refined carbohydrates, and added sugars can negatively affect fertility. Conversely, a diet based on the Mediterranean dietary patterns, i.e., rich in dietary fiber, omega-3 (ɷ-3) fatty acids, plant-based protein, and vitamins and minerals, has a positive impact on female fertility. An unhealthy diet can disrupt microbiota composition, and it is worth investigating whether the composition of the gut microbiota correlates with the frequency of infertility. There is a lack of evidence to exclude gluten from the diet of every woman trying to become pregnant in the absence of celiac disease. Furthermore, there are no data concerning adverse effects of alcohol on female fertility, and caffeine consumption in the recommended amounts also does not seem to affect fertility. On the other hand, phytoestrogens presumably have a positive influence on female fertility. Nevertheless, there are many unanswered questions with regard to supplementation in order to enhance fertility. It has been established that women of childbearing age should supplement folic acid. Moreover, most people experience vitamin D and iodine deficiency; thus, it is vital to control their blood concentrations and consider supplementation if necessary. Therefore, since diet and lifestyle seem to be significant factors influencing fertility, it is valid to expand knowledge in this area.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.)"}}},"pageStart":"2372","pageEnd":"2386","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmab068","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/advances/nmab068"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34139003"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nonhormonal-therapy-for-endometriosis-a-randomized-placebocontrolled-pilot-study-uruqbypa/","name":"Nonhormonal therapy for endometriosis: a randomized, placebo-controlled, pilot study of cabergoline versus norethindrone acetate","headline":"Nonhormonal therapy for endometriosis: a randomized, placebo-controlled, pilot study of cabergoline versus norethindrone acetate","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nonhormonal-therapy-for-endometriosis-a-randomized-placebocontrolled-pilot-study-uruqbypa/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Amy D. DiVasta","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2879-8344","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stamoulis C","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9814-1802"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gallagher JS","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0259-1401"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marc R Laufer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6295-987X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Raymond M. Anchan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9615-6477","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"John Radcliffe Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0080acb59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M D Hornstein","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}}],"datePublished":"2021-12-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To estimate the efficacy and safety of a novel nonhormonal therapeutic agent, cabergoline, compared with that of the standard clinical therapy, norethindrone acetate (NETA), for the treatment of endometriosis-associated pain in young women with endometriosis.\n\nDESIGN: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study.\n\nSETTING: Tertiary care center.\n\nPATIENTS: Women (n = 9) with surgically confirmed endometriosis.\n\nINTERVENTIONS: A random, double-blind assignment to either NETA (5 mg/day) + placebo twice weekly or cabergoline (0.5 mg) twice weekly + placebo daily for 6 months.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: We collected the measures of pelvic pain and laboratory parameters every 3 months.\n\nRESULTS: We observed a decrease in pain scores and increase in pain relief in women randomized to receive cabergoline, who appeared to show similar or more improvements than women treated with NETA. The serum measures of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 declined over 6 months in those who received cabergoline. Cabergoline was well tolerated, and no serious adverse events occurred.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Safe, effective adjunct treatments are lacking for patients with endometriosis who do not respond to standard care. Because the growth of endometriosis requires angiogenesis, blood vessel growth is an attractive therapeutic target. This pilot study suggests that cabergoline, a vascular endothelial growth factor pathway inhibitor, is an effective therapeutic option for women with chronic pain due to endometriosis. Building upon this investigation, we will conduct larger, randomized trials of cabergoline, advancing research on the best treatments for endometriosis-particularly disease resistant to hormonal therapies.\n\nCLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: clinicaltrials.gov; registration number NCT02542410.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"F&S reports"}}},"pageStart":"454","pageEnd":"461","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xfre.2021.07.003","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.xfre.2021.07.003"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34934987"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/paracetamol-use-during-pregnancy-a-call-for-precautionary-action-yrpwg6wg/","name":"Paracetamol use during pregnancy - a call for precautionary action","headline":"Paracetamol use during pregnancy - a call for precautionary action","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/paracetamol-use-during-pregnancy-a-call-for-precautionary-action-yrpwg6wg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bauer AZ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shanna H. Swan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9564-0614"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kriebel D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Liew Z"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Taylor HS","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1720-8310"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bornehag CG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrade AM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Olsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7311-6205","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aarhus University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040r8fr65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jensen RH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mitchell RT"},{"@type":"Person","name":"N E Skakkebaek","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4282-8020"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bernard Jégou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0623-3609","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Møbjerg Kristensen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0657-1632","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035b05819"}}],"datePublished":"2021-12-01","abstract":"Paracetamol (N-acetyl-p-aminophenol (APAP), otherwise known as acetaminophen) is the active ingredient in more than 600 medications used to relieve mild to moderate pain and reduce fever. APAP is widely used by pregnant women as governmental agencies, including the FDA and EMA, have long considered APAP appropriate for use during pregnancy when used as directed. However, increasing experimental and epidemiological research suggests that prenatal exposure to APAP might alter fetal development, which could increase the risks of some neurodevelopmental, reproductive and urogenital disorders. Here we summarize this evidence and call for precautionary action through a focused research effort and by increasing awareness among health professionals and pregnant women. APAP is an important medication and alternatives for treatment of high fever and severe pain are limited. We recommend that pregnant women should be cautioned at the beginning of pregnancy to: forego APAP unless its use is medically indicated; consult with a physician or pharmacist if they are uncertain whether use is indicated and before using on a long-term basis; and minimize exposure by using the lowest effective dose for the shortest possible time. We suggest specific actions to implement these recommendations. This Consensus Statement reflects our concerns and is currently supported by 91 scientists, clinicians and public health professionals from across the globe.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nature reviews. Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"757","pageEnd":"766","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-021-00553-7","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/s41574-021-00553-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34556849"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/uterine-isthmocele-a-frequently-overlooked-complication-of-cesarean-sections-recoinwrfjhmyev9w/","name":"Uterine Isthmocele-A Frequently Overlooked Complication of Cesarean Sections","headline":"Uterine Isthmocele-A Frequently Overlooked Complication of Cesarean Sections","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/uterine-isthmocele-a-frequently-overlooked-complication-of-cesarean-sections-recoinwrfjhmyev9w/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R Rupa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5430-5964","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kovai Medical Center and Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01x4gae84"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Suchana Kushvaha","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5732-0190","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kovai Medical Center and Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01x4gae84"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Venkatesh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4180-7188","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kovai Medical Center and Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01x4gae84"}}],"datePublished":"2021-11-19","abstract":"Uterine isthmocele or uterine niche is a late complication of cesarean deliveries and causes chronic pelvic pain, menorrhagia or postmenstrual spotting, and infertility. As the number of cesarean sections are constantly increasing, it is important to be aware of this entity so as to make an early diagnosis. This would enable the clinicians to manage these patients efficiently. We present three patients of uterine isthmocele who were evaluated and managed at our institution.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"31","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Indian Journal of Radiology & Imaging"}}},"pageStart":"601","pageEnd":"604","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1736393","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1055/s-0041-1736393"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34790304"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/scar-tissue-after-a-cesarean-sectionthe-management-of-different-complications-in-reca9ueseekuzpmet/","name":"Scar Tissue after a Cesarean Section—The Management of Different Complications in Pregnant Women","headline":"Scar Tissue after a Cesarean Section—The Management of Different Complications in Pregnant Women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/scar-tissue-after-a-cesarean-sectionthe-management-of-different-complications-in-reca9ueseekuzpmet/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Adrianna Kondracka","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5361-7915","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical University of Lublin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016f61126"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Kwaśniewska","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2553-8635","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical University of Lublin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016f61126"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Agnieszka Fronczek","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical University of Lublin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016f61126"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aleksandra Stupak","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8784-510X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical University of Lublin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016f61126"}}],"datePublished":"2021-11-15","abstract":"The definition of a cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) is the localization of the gestational sac (GS) in the cicatrix tissue, which is created in the front wall of the uterus after a previous cesarean section (CS). The worldwide prevalence of CSP has been growing rapidly. However, there are no general recommendations regarding prophylaxis and treatment of the abnormalities of the anterior wall of the uterus discovered in a non-pregnant myometrium, or how to deal with existing cases of CSP. We present the latest knowledge, a holistic approach to the biology, histology, imaging, and management concerning post-CS scars based on our cases, which were treated in the Department of Pregnancy and Pathology of Pregnancy in the Medical University of Lublin, Poland. In our study, we present images of tissue samples of areas with a cicatrix in the uterus, and ultrasound and MRI images of CSP. We discuss the advances in the biology of the post-CS scar tissue, the prevention techniques used to repair the scar defect (niche) before the pregnancy, and the treatment of different complications of CSP, such as the rupture of the gravid uterus or the dehiscence of the myometrium.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"}}},"pageStart":"11998","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182211998","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/ijerph182211998"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metabolic-risk-factors-and-fertility-disorders-a-narrative-review-of-the-female--recrgevvogrhpsvrb/","name":"Metabolic risk factors and fertility disorders: A narrative review of the female  perspective","headline":"Metabolic risk factors and fertility disorders: A narrative review of the female  perspective","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metabolic-risk-factors-and-fertility-disorders-a-narrative-review-of-the-female--recrgevvogrhpsvrb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Anne-Kristin Kuhnt","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1278-8152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Rostock","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03zdwsf69"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kuhnt AK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ronny Westerman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Federal Institute for Population Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04wy4bt38"}}],"datePublished":"2021-11-13","abstract":"Metabolic risk factors such as obesity are considered major obstacles to female fertility. Chronic infertility imposes psychological and social burdens on women because infertility violates societal gender roles. Although the prevalence of obesity among women is expected to increase in the future, the relevance of metabolic status for fertility is still underestimated. However, the assessment of metabolic risk factors is highly relevant for understanding fertility disorders and improving infertility treatment. This narrative review discusses the associations of metabolic risk factors (e.g. obesity, female athlete triad, oxidative stress) with significant infertility. An electronic search was conducted for studies published between 2006 and 2020 in Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar and related databases. In total, this search identified 19,309 results for polycystic ovary syndrome, 28,969 results for endometriosis, and only 1611 results for idiopathic and/or unknown infertility. For the present narrative review, 50 relevant studies were included: 19 studies were on obesity, 24 studies investigated the female athlete triad, and seven studies addressed other risk factors, including reactive oxygen species. This narrative review confirms the direct impact of obesity on female infertility, while the effect of other risk factors needs to be confirmed by large-scale population studies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproductive Biomedicine & Society Online"}},"pageStart":"66","pageEnd":"74","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbms.2021.09.002","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.rbms.2021.09.002"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34765754"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-future-of-fetal-surgery-recoznqv3zrdfl8zl/","name":"The Future of Fetal Surgery","headline":"The Future of Fetal Surgery","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-future-of-fetal-surgery-recoznqv3zrdfl8zl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Cara Buskmiller","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1313-1192","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women’s Health, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anthony Johnson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9792-7682","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial Hermann","sameAs":"https://ror.org/049d9a475"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E P Bergh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6276-854X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial Hermann","sameAs":"https://ror.org/049d9a475"}}],"datePublished":"2021-11-11","abstract":"The field of fetal medicine has evolved significantly over the past several decades. Our ability to identify and treat the unborn patient has been shaped by advancements in imaging technology, genetic diagnosis, an improved understanding of fetal physiology, and the development and optimization of in utero surgical techniques. The future of the field will be shaped by medical innovators pushing for the continued refinement of minimally invasive surgical technique, the application of pioneering technologies such as robotic surgery and in utero stem cell and gene therapies, and the development of innovative ex utero fetal support systems.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"48","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America"}}},"pageStart":"745","pageEnd":"758","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ogc.2021.06.004","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ogc.2021.06.004"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34756294"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-relationship-between-hormonal-contraception-and-cervical-dysplasiacancer-controlling-for-human-papillomavirus-infection-a-systematic-review-rectxxi8xcd9e8ve2/","name":"The relationship between hormonal contraception and cervical dysplasia/cancer controlling for human papillomavirus infection: A systematic review","headline":"The relationship between hormonal contraception and cervical dysplasia/cancer controlling for human papillomavirus infection: A systematic review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-relationship-between-hormonal-contraception-and-cervical-dysplasiacancer-controlling-for-human-papillomavirus-infection-a-systematic-review-rectxxi8xcd9e8ve2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Elle Anastasiou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3423-5679","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"City University of New York","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00453a208"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Erica L Gollub","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5553-6281","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pace University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047p7y759"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lauren Ralph","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7002-1024","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Janneke van de Wijgert","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2728-4560"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Heidi E Jones","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4285-3752","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"City University of New York (CUNY) Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, NY, United States; CUNY Institute for Implementation Science in Public Health, New York, NY, United States. El...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00awd9g61"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Katharine J McCarthy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3257-5664","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"City University of New York (CUNY) Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, NY, United States.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00453a208"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Janneke H H M van de Wijgert","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9800-7005","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Merseyside, United Kingdom."}}],"datePublished":"2021-11-06","abstract":"ObjectiveS: tudies on the effect of long-term use of combined oral contraceptives (COCs) on cervical dysplasia and/or cancer risk have been inconsistent. Less is known about the effects of other forms of hormonal contraception (HC). We examine whether HC use increases the risk of incident cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2, 3 and/or cancer after accounting for preexisting human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.\n\nStudy design: Systematic review of prospective studies on HC use as risk factor for cervical dysplasia with HPV infection documented prior to outcome assessment including PubMed and EMBASE records between January 2000 and February 2020 (Prospero #CRD42019130725).\n\nResults: Among nine eligible studies, seven described recency and type of HC use and therefore comprise the primary analysis; two studies limit comparisons to ever versus never use and are summarized separately. All seven studies explored the relationship between oral contraceptive (OC) use and cervical dysplasia/cancer incidence: two found increased risk (adjusted odds ratio, aOR = 1.5-2.7), one found no association but decreased risk when restricted to women with persistent HPV (adjusted hazard ratio = 0.5), and four found no association. None of the seven studies differentiated between COC and progestin-only pills (POPs) by use recency or duration. The only study that included injectable progestin-only contraception (DMPA) found increased CIN3 incidence among current versus never users (aOR = 1.6). The one study that included Norplant found no association. Two studies included intrauterine device (IUD) use, but did not differentiate between hormonal and copper IUDs, and found no association.\n\nConclusion: We found no consistent evidence that OC use is associated with increased risk for cervical dysplasia/cancer after controlling for HPV infection. There were too few studies of progestin-only injectables, implants or IUDs to assess their effect on cervical dysplasia/cancer risk.\n\nImplications: Use of single self-reported HC measures and insufficient distinction by hormonal constituent cloud our understanding of whether some HCs increase risk for cervical cancer. Methodologically rigorous studies with distinct HCs measured as time-varying exposures are needed to inform cervical cancer prevention efforts and improve our understanding of cervical cancer etiology.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"107","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}},"pageStart":"1","pageEnd":"9","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2021.10.018","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.contraception.2021.10.018"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34752778"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/state-of-the-fertility-sector-20202021-recjdnxdan7h9xpkv/","name":"State of the Fertility Sector 2020/2021","headline":"State of the Fertility Sector 2020/2021","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/state-of-the-fertility-sector-20202021-recjdnxdan7h9xpkv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority"}],"datePublished":"2021-11-01","abstract":"# State of the fertility sector 2020/21\n**Annual publication on HFEA licensed clinics**\nPublished: November 2021\n[**Download the underlying dataset as .xlsx**](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/media/5czb4k2o/2024-02-26-state-of-the-sector-underlying-data.xlsx \"State of the Sector 2020/21 underlying dataset\").\n## Table of contents\n- [About this report](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/state-of-the-fertility-sector-2020-2021/#about-this-report)\n- [HFEA regulatory response to COVID-19](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/state-of-the-fertility-sector-2020-2021/#hfea-regulatory-response-to-covid-19)\n- [Maintaining regulatory oversight](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/state-of-the-fertility-sector-2020-2021/#maintaining-regulatory-oversight)\n- [There were 77 inspections undertaken in 2020/21, taking a hybrid inspection approach](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/state-of-the-fertility-sector-2020-2021/#there-were-77-inspections-undertaken-in-2020-21-taking-a-hybrid-inspection-approach)\n- [In 2020/21, 103 clinics were licensed by the HFEA to provide fertility treatment](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/state-of-the-fertility-sector-2020-2021/#in-2020-21-103-clinics-were-licensed-by-the-hfea-to-provide-fertility-treatment)\n- [The number of incidents in 2020/21 is broadly consistent with previous years](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/state-of-the-fertility-sector-2020-2021/#the-number-of-incidents-in-2020-21-is-broadly-consistent-with-previous-years)\n- [The number of severe incidents of OHSS reported declined in 2020/21](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/state-of-the-fertility-sector-2020-2021/#the-number-of-severe-incidents-of-ohss-reported-declined-in-2020-21)\n- [A total of 88 patient complaints were received about licensed clinics in 2...","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-evaluation-of-infertile-women-a-committee-opinion-7ycd4mya/","name":"Fertility evaluation of infertile women: a committee opinion","headline":"Fertility evaluation of infertile women: a committee opinion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-evaluation-of-infertile-women-a-committee-opinion-7ycd4mya/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Electronic address: asrm@asrm.org"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine"}],"datePublished":"2021-11-01","abstract":"Diagnostic evaluation for infertility in women should be conducted in a systematic, expeditious, and cost-effective manner to identify all the relevant factors with an initial emphasis on the least invasive methods for detecting the most common causes of infertility. The purpose of this committee opinion is to provide a critical review of the current methods and procedures for the evaluation of in fertile women, and it replaces the document of the same name, last published in 2015 (Fertil Steril 2015;103:e44-50). This guidance is intended for any provider evaluating women for infertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"116","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1255","pageEnd":"1265","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.08.038","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.08.038"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34607703"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/incidence-prevalence-and-trends-in-endometriosis-diagnosis-a-united-states-popul-bg6nupge/","name":"Incidence, prevalence, and trends in endometriosis diagnosis: a United States population-based study from 2006 to 2015","headline":"Incidence, prevalence, and trends in endometriosis diagnosis: a United States population-based study from 2006 to 2015","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/incidence-prevalence-and-trends-in-endometriosis-diagnosis-a-united-states-popul-bg6nupge/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Christ JP","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1143-2127"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yu O","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7790-8135"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Schulze-Rath R","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4589-7213"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Grafton J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hansen K","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5204-2080"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan D Reed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7532-3785","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}}],"datePublished":"2021-11-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Accurate estimates of incidence and prevalence of endometriosis among nonselected cohorts are lacking in the United States, and earlier reports have produced varying results.\n\nOBJECTIVE: This study aimed to define endometriosis incidence and prevalence in a US population and evaluate factors influencing these estimates over time.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: A 10-year retrospective cohort study using Kaiser Permanente Washington electronic health records database was completed. The primary analysis included women enrollees aged 16 to 60 years, from January 2006 to December 2015, who had a uterus, were continuously enrolled for at least 2 years before cohort entry and had at least 1 healthcare utilization. Secondary analysis included all women enrollees aged 16 to 60 years during this time. Incident endometriosis was identified using the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision and Tenth Revision, diagnosis codes. Annual incidence rates were age-adjusted by direct standardization to the 2015 study population. Secular trends in incidence overall and by 5-year age group, race and ethnicity, diagnosis modality, and practitioner type were assessed using Poisson regression analyses. Prevalent cases were defined as women enrolled in 2015 and had an endometriosis diagnosis before the end of 2015. The prevalence rates of chronic pelvic pain and dysmenorrhea defined by the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision and Tenth Revision, diagnosis codes in 2006-2015 were estimated.\n\nRESULTS: Among 332,056 eligible women who contributed 1,176,329 person-years during the 10-year study period, 2863 incident endometriosis cases were identified for an average incidence of 24.3 cases per 10,000 person-years. In our primary analysis, incidence rates declined over the study interval from a high of 30.2 per 10,000 person-years in 2006 to 17.4 per 10,000 person-years in 2015 and were highest among women aged 36 to 45 years in most years. Incidence rates were similar across race and ethnicity groups. The distribution of the 2863 incident cases by the diagnosis modality was as follows: 45.5% surgical, 5.7% imaging, and 48.8% clinical. Endometriosis incidence rates per 10,000 person-years were similar in women who were surgically and clinically diagnosed and decreased significantly from 2006 to 2015 (surgically diagnosed endometriosis dropped from 13.4 to 7.4 and clinically diagnosed endometriosis dropped from 16.1 to 8.9; P value of <.001 for linear trend over time for each). Incident case distribution by diagnosing provider was as follows: 73.6% obstetrician and gynecologist, 15.7% primary care provider, and 10.7% \"other.\" Incidence of endometriosis diagnosed by an obstetrician and gynecologist and primary care provider decreased over the study interval (P<.001 for linear trend over time for each). Method of diagnosis and provider type did not differ by race and ethnicity. Among 135,162 women who contributed person-time in 2015, 2521 women were diagnosed with endometriosis, a prevalence rate of 1.9%. In our secondary analysis, the frequency of chronic pelvic pain diagnosis increased over the study interval from 3.0% in 2006 to 5.6% in 2015.\n\nCONCLUSION: The incidence rates of endometriosis declined over the 10-year study interval and did so uniformly across age groups, races and ethnicities, and the main diagnosing modalities and providers. Declining rates may reflect a shift in practice patterns in the United States away from the diagnosis of endometriosis both clinically and surgically, rather than favoring more general diagnoses of chronic pelvic pain. The prevalence of endometriosis in 2015 in the United States is in keeping with data from recent studies outside the United States using health record data.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"225","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American journal of obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"500.e1-500.e9","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2021.06.067","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ajog.2021.06.067"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34147493"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/testosterone-therapy-in-women-a-clinical-challenge-dizsxvyl/","name":"Testosterone Therapy in Women: A Clinical Challenge","headline":"Testosterone Therapy in Women: A Clinical Challenge","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/testosterone-therapy-in-women-a-clinical-challenge-dizsxvyl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rebecca Dunsmoor-Su","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pennsylvania Health System","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04h81rw26"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fuller A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Voedisch A"}],"datePublished":"2021-11-01","abstract":"The physiology of testosterone as a normal female hormone in reproductive years and beyond is poorly taught and understood. This has led to unregulated and dangerous prescribing practices by physicians and other health care professionals. There are data for safe use, and as women's health care practitioners, we owe it to our patients to follow these guidelines and practices, as well as advocate for more research and safer, regulated products to prescribe.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"138","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"809","pageEnd":"812","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0000000000004566","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/AOG.0000000000004566"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34619691"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/deciphering-mouse-uterine-receptivity-for-embryo-implantation-at-singlecell-reso-n4gqsuqd/","name":"Deciphering mouse uterine receptivity for embryo implantation at single-cell resolution","headline":"Deciphering mouse uterine receptivity for embryo implantation at single-cell resolution","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/deciphering-mouse-uterine-receptivity-for-embryo-implantation-at-singlecell-reso-n4gqsuqd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yang Yang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6246-0999","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhu QY"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Liu JL"}],"datePublished":"2021-11-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: Mice are widely used as an animal model for studying human uterine receptivity for embryo implantation. Although transcriptional changes related to mouse uterine receptivity have been determined by using bulk RNA-seq, the data are of limited value because the uterus is a complex organ consisting of many cell types. Here, we aimed to decipher mouse uterine receptivity for embryo implantation at single-cell resolution.\n\nMATERIALS AND METHODS: Single-cell RNA sequencing was performed for the pre-receptive and the receptive mouse uterus. Gene expression profiles in luminal epithelium and glandular epithelium were validated by comparing against a published laser capture microdissection (LCM)-coupled microarray dataset.\n\nRESULTS: We revealed 19 distinct cell clusters, including 3 stromal cell clusters, 2 epithelial cell clusters, 1 smooth muscle cell cluster, 4 endothelial cell clusters and 8 immune cell clusters. We identified global gene expression changes associated with uterine receptivity in each cell type. Additionally, we predicted signalling interactions for distinct cell types to understand the crosstalk between the blastocyst and the receptive uterus.\n\nCONCLUSION: Our data provide a valuable resource for deciphering the molecular mechanism underlying uterine receptivity in mice.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"54","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cell proliferation"}}},"pageStart":"e13128","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/cpr.13128","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q112287715"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/cpr.13128"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34558134"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q112287715"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/quantitative-versus-qualitative-estrogen-and-luteinizing-hormone-testing-for-per-rec2h8nmwouzzmbxf/","name":"Quantitative versus qualitative estrogen and luteinizing hormone testing for  personal fertility monitoring","headline":"Quantitative versus qualitative estrogen and luteinizing hormone testing for  personal fertility monitoring","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/quantitative-versus-qualitative-estrogen-and-luteinizing-hormone-testing-for-per-rec2h8nmwouzzmbxf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas P Bouchard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5774-0286","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Calgary","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qiyan Mu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0550-784X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}}],"datePublished":"2021-10-30","abstract":"Background: A new fertility monitor is now available that provides quantitative measurement of urinary hormones, but clinical use requires validation against an established fertility monitor that provides only qualitative results. RESEARCH DESIGN AND\n\nMethods: Two fertility monitors were compared using daily first morning urine samples over 3 cycles of use in 21 women users with experience using a fertility monitor with the Marquette Method of Natural Family Planning.\n\nResults: Women were aged 33.4 ± 5.5 years and had menstrual cycles ranging between 23 and 41 days. The quantitative Mira Monitor estimates of ovulation were highly correlated with the qualitative ClearBlue Fertility Monitor (CBFM) estimates of ovulation. Both monitors provided an accurate estimate of the fertile window.\n\nConclusions: In this preliminary trial, the Mira monitor was shown to be effective at delineating the fertile window and ovulation. We demonstrated the feasibility of applying the Marquette Method algorithm with the use of the Mira monitor. Satisfaction differences between the two monitors did not reach statistical significance. We anticipate that quantitative fertility monitoring will give couples and health-care providers new and unprecedented insights into the menstrual cycle and fertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics"}}},"pageStart":"1349","pageEnd":"1360","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/14737159.2021.2000393","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q140384325"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/14737159.2021.2000393"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34714210"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q140384325"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/near-infrared-light-and-skin-why-intensity-matters-recwv4ljlnfkcwran/","name":"Near-Infrared Light and Skin: Why Intensity Matters","headline":"Near-Infrared Light and Skin: Why Intensity Matters","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/near-infrared-light-and-skin-why-intensity-matters-recwv4ljlnfkcwran/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Daniel Barolet","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}}],"datePublished":"2021-10-27","abstract":"Infrared light (760 nm-1 mm) constitutes approximately 40% of the solar radiation reaching the ground at sea level. Shortest wavelength near-infrared (NIR) photons (NIR or IR-A: 760-1,400 nm) can penetrate the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue with numerous biological effects. NIR used to have a bad reputation on the basis of past studies using high-intensity artificial light sources (above the solar IR-A irradiance threshold) at high doses leading to detrimental effects (i.e., upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase-1). However, when looking at the other side of the coin and what we can learn from the sun, NIR intensity matters. Hence, mimicking sunlight NIR intensity (30-35 mW/cm2) will rather trigger beneficial cutaneous effects. It is likely that intensity is more important than the fluence (dose) delivered. Moreover, the law of reciprocity (i.e., the biological effect is directly proportional to the total dose irrespective of intensity) does not always apply when considering tissue response in photobiology. In fact, the biphasic dose curve (Arndt-Schulz curve) of photobiomodulation establishes that if irradiance is lower than the physiological threshold value for a given target, it does not produce beneficial effects, even when -irradiation duration is extended. Also, photo-inhibitory deleterious effects may occur at higher irradiances. Remarkably, the beneficial \"sweet spot\" in between corresponds to the irradiance of the sun. NIR might even precondition the skin from an evolutionary standpoint as exposure to early morning NIR wavelengths in sunlight may prepare the skin for upcoming mid-day harmful UVR. Consequently, NIR light appears to be the solution, not the problem.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"55","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Current Problems in Dermatology"}},"pageStart":"374","pageEnd":"384","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000517645","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1159/000517645"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34698043"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hiding-in-plain-sight-modern-thiamine-deficiency-rec97n2qhvvvcbgdo/","name":"Hiding in Plain Sight: Modern Thiamine Deficiency","headline":"Hiding in Plain Sight: Modern Thiamine Deficiency","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hiding-in-plain-sight-modern-thiamine-deficiency-rec97n2qhvvvcbgdo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Derrick Lonsdale","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cleveland Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xjacd83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chandler Marrs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1657-4458","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Henderson Community College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00vzha967"}}],"datePublished":"2021-10-24","abstract":"Thiamine or vitamin B1 is an essential, water-soluble vitamin required for mitochondrial energetics-the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). It is a critical and rate-limiting cofactor to multiple enzymes involved in this process, including those at the entry points and at critical junctures for the glucose, fatty acid, and amino acid pathways. It has a very short half-life, limited storage capacity, and is susceptible to degradation and depletion by a number of products that epitomize modern life, including environmental and pharmaceutical chemicals. The RDA for thiamine is 1.1-1.2 mg for adult females and males, respectively. With an average diet, even a poor one, it is not difficult to meet that daily requirement, and yet, measurable thiamine deficiency has been observed across multiple patient populations with incidence rates ranging from 20% to over 90% depending upon the study. This suggests that the RDA requirement may be insufficient to meet the demands of modern living. Inasmuch as thiamine deficiency syndromes pose great risk of chronic morbidity, and if left untreated, mortality, a more comprehensive understanding thiamine chemistry, relative to energy production, modern living, and disease, may prove useful.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cells"}}},"pageStart":"2595","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cells10102595","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/cells10102595"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34685573"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cyclic-progesterone-therapy-in-androgenic-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-pcos-a-6-mon-rec7v5bg0mxec8fak/","name":"Cyclic Progesterone Therapy in Androgenic Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)-A  6-Month Pilot Study of a Single Woman's Experience Changes","headline":"Cyclic Progesterone Therapy in Androgenic Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)-A  6-Month Pilot Study of a Single Woman's Experience Changes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cyclic-progesterone-therapy-in-androgenic-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-pcos-a-6-mon-rec7v5bg0mxec8fak/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Azita Goshtasebi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dharani Kalidasan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8098-3435","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Faye Murray","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2662-640X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sonia Shirin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7866-3419","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2021-10-24","abstract":"Background and Objectives: Women with androgenic Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) have increased endometrial cancer risk that cyclic progesterone will prevent; it may also reverse PCOS's neuroendocrine origins. This pilot study's purpose was to document 6-month experience changes in a woman with PCOS taking cyclic progesterone therapy because she was intolerant of combined hormonal contraceptive therapy, the current PCOS standard of care. A 31-year-old normal-weight woman with PCOS had heavy flow, irregular cycles, and was combined hormonal contraceptives-intolerant. She was prescribed cyclic oral micronized progesterone (OMP) (300 mg/h.s. cycle days 14-27). She kept Menstrual Cycle Diary© (Diary) records, starting with the 1st treatment cycle for six cycles; she was on no other therapy. Statistical analysis a priori hypothesized progesterone decreases high estradiol (E2) experiences (flow, cervical mucus, fluid retention, front-of-the-breast tenderness and anxiety); analysis focused on these. Our\n\nobjectives: (1) changes from cycles 1 to 6 in E2-related experiences; and (2) follicular phase E2-related changes from cycle 1 (no therapy) to cycles 3 and 6.\n\nMaterials and Methods: Data from consecutive Diaries were entered into an SPSS database and analyzed by Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test (Objective #1) within-person whole cycle ordinal data, and (Objective #2 follicular phase) repeated measures ANOVA.\n\nResults: Cyclic OMP was associated with regular, shorter cycles (±SD) (28.2 ± 0.8 days). Comparison of cycles 1-6 showed decreased fluid retention (p = 0.001), breast tenderness (p = 0.002), and cervical mucus (p = 0.048); there were no changes in flow or anxiety. Fluid retention in the follicular phase also significantly decreased over time (F (1.2, 14.7) = 6.7, p = 0.017).\n\nConclusions: Pilot daily Diary data suggest women with PCOS have improved everyday experiences on cyclic progesterone therapy. Larger prospective studies with more objective outcomes and randomized controlled trials of this innovative PCOS therapy are needed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"57","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)"}}},"pageStart":"1024","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina57101024","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q140366042"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/medicina57101024"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34684061"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q140366042"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-platelet-rich-plasma-in-the-treatment-of-infertility-in-poor-responders-i-reclodfryaptfqm4l/","name":"Use of platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of infertility in poor responders in  assisted human reproduction procedures","headline":"Use of platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of infertility in poor responders in  assisted human reproduction procedures","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-platelet-rich-plasma-in-the-treatment-of-infertility-in-poor-responders-i-reclodfryaptfqm4l/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Irina Pacu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4253-6810","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04fm87419"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nikolaos Zygouropoulos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8404-6158","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Clinical Emergency Hospital Bucharest","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03grprm46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mihai Dimitriu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7454-7389","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04fm87419"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"George Rosu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4876-5347","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04fm87419"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cringu A Ionescu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4533-6766","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04fm87419"}}],"datePublished":"2021-10-23","abstract":"Couple infertility is a pathology with an absolute number of cases growing markedly over the last decade in connection mainly with the increased age of couples wishing to conceive. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an alternative treatment used for several years for experimental purposes. Yet, this method is not yet defined as a standard therapeutic option in the infertility protocol for poor responders in assisted human reproduction procedures. Thus, the present study is a retrospective study conducted between February 2019 and February 2020 to evaluate the effect of ovarian PRP injection in patients with a poor ovarian response (POR) to ovarian stimulation. Women (n=20; age 31-44 years) diagnosed with POR based on the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology criteria underwent ovarian injection with autologous PRP injection. Markers of ovarian reserve before, during the following two menstrual cycles, and at six months after treatment were followed as well as stimulation and fertilisation parameters before and post-treatment. PRP treatment resulted in increased antral follicle count and serum anti-Mullerian hormone, while levels of serum follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinising hormone were decreased. These changes were more pronounced during the 2nd menstrual cycle following treatment. By six months following the injection, their values return to pre-treatment levels and any small differences were not considered statistically significant. The average dose of gonadotropin used and duration remained statistically unchanged, but a significant increase in estradiol achieved by the day of the human chorionic gonadotropin trigger day was achieved. The cancellation rate decreased following PRP treatment while the number of collected oocytes, number of oocytes in metaphase II rose. The number of embryos (of A and B quality) resulting also increased but fell short of the significance level set (α=0.073). Following the PRP injection, two singleton pregnancies were achieved, resulting in live births at term without complications during pregnancy. Another pregnancy was achieved spontaneously 45 months following the PRP and a failed assisted human reproduction procedure. Although the group included a small number of women, the results indicate the potential benefits of an ovarian autologous PRP injection in women with POR. Positive results appear to be short-term for 2-6 months after the procedure.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"1412","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10848","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3892/etm.2021.10848"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34676005"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/wheres-the-break-critique-of-radiographic-vertebral-fracture-diagnostic-methods-recnw4jzeu2ybh81c/","name":"Where's the break? Critique of radiographic vertebral fracture diagnostic methods","headline":"Where's the break? Critique of radiographic vertebral fracture diagnostic methods","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/wheres-the-break-critique-of-radiographic-vertebral-fracture-diagnostic-methods-recnw4jzeu2ybh81c/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ling Oei","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3523-458X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Departments of Internal Medicine and Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fjorda Koromani","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6942-5889","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of EpidemiologyUniversity Medical Center RotterdamErasmus MCRotterdamThe Netherlands"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B C Lentle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6982-3406","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E H G Oei","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7155-8515","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Erasmus MC","sameAs":"https://ror.org/018906e22"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1406-4251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2021-10-21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Osteoporos Int"}}},"pageStart":"2391","pageEnd":"2395","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-021-06207-8","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00198-021-06207-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34674023"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/novel-approaches-to-the-management-of-recurrent-pregnancy-loss-the-optimum-optim-recotwemmxon5hm20/","name":"Novel approaches to the management of recurrent pregnancy loss: The OPTIMUM  (OPtimization of Thyroid function, Thrombophilia, Immunity, and Uterine Milieu)  treatment strategy","headline":"Novel approaches to the management of recurrent pregnancy loss: The OPTIMUM  (OPtimization of Thyroid function, Thrombophilia, Immunity, and Uterine Milieu)  treatment strategy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/novel-approaches-to-the-management-of-recurrent-pregnancy-loss-the-optimum-optim-recotwemmxon5hm20/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yuko Ikemoto","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9990-4912","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Juntendo University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01692sz90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Toyoyoshi Uchida","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4301-2955","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Juntendo University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01692sz90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shuko Nojiri","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0422-8152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Juntendo University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01692sz90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Takashi Horikawa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7848-0671","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tokuyama (Japan)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04zj4k586"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Keiji Kuroda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2759-9159","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tokuyama (Japan)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04zj4k586"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Azusa Moriyama","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tokuyama (Japan)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04zj4k586"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Koji Nakagawa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0874-5894","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tokuyama (Japan)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04zj4k586"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yuko Ojiro","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tokuyama (Japan)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04zj4k586"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rikikazu Sugiyama","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8892-2119","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tokuyama (Japan)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04zj4k586"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Satoru Takamizawa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1103-6856","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tokuyama (Japan)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04zj4k586"}}],"datePublished":"2021-10-15","abstract":"Purpose: Does the OPtimization of Thyroid function, Thrombophilia, Immunity, and Uterine Milieu (OPTIMUM) treatment strategy, developed for treating repeated implantation failure (RIF), contribute to improving pregnancy outcomes in patients with a history of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL)?\n\nMethods: Between 2018 and 2019, women with RPL after two or more clinical pregnancy losses underwent RPL testing. We treated chronic endometritis with antibiotics, high Th1/Th2 cell ratios with vitamin D and/or tacrolimus, overt/subclinical hypothyroidism with levothyroxine, and thrombophilia with low-dose aspirin. Of 168 consecutive women aged ≤43 years, 115 underwent RPL testing. We compared 100 pregnancies (90 women) and 46 pregnancies (41 women) with and without the OPTIMUM treatment strategy, respectively.\n\nResults: RPL testing identified intrauterine abnormalities in 66 (57.4%), elevated Th1/Th2 cell ratios in 50 (43.5%), thyroid dysfunction in 33 (28.7%), and thrombophilia in 33 (28.7%). The live birth rate in the OPTIMUM group was significantly higher than that in the control group among women aged <40 years (78.1% and 42.3%, respectively; p = 0.002), but no significant difference was observed in women aged ≥40 years (55.6% and 30.0%, respectively; p = 0.09).\n\nConclusions: The OPTIMUM treatment strategy improved pregnancy outcomes in patients with not only RIF but also RPL.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"20","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproductive Medicine and Biology"}}},"pageStart":"524","pageEnd":"536","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/rmb2.12412","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q140366031"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/rmb2.12412"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34646081"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q140366031"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/investigating-the-potential-of-clinical-and-biochemical-markers-to-differentiate-de8p0rvs/","name":"Investigating the potential of clinical and biochemical markers to differentiate between functional hypothalamic amenorrhoea and polycystic ovarian syndrome: A retrospective observational study","headline":"Investigating the potential of clinical and biochemical markers to differentiate between functional hypothalamic amenorrhoea and polycystic ovarian syndrome: A retrospective observational study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/investigating-the-potential-of-clinical-and-biochemical-markers-to-differentiate-de8p0rvs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Abou Sherif S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roger Newman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2422-619X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Haboosh S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Papanikolaou N","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2988-9696"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dimakopoulou A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6856-5102"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Webber LJ","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3129-9212"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Abbara A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2795-5256"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Franks","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3712-0335","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Mary's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jv2qv86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dhillo WS","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5950-4316"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jayasena CN","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2578-8223"}],"datePublished":"2021-10-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: Functional hypothalamic amenorrhoea (FHA) is a common cause of amenorrhoea, but diagnosis can be challenging. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical and biochemical features of FHA, compared to that of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and assess the diagnostic performance of the different parameters for differentiating the two conditions.\n\nDESIGN AND PATIENTS: This was a retrospective observational study. We analysed clinical and biochemical parameters of women diagnosed with FHA and PCOS following specialist assessment at the reproductive endocrine gynaecology clinic, St Mary's Hospital.\n\nRESULTS: Compared with PCOS, women with FHA had significantly lower body mass index (BMI; 20.1 ± 2.9 vs. 31.1 ± 7.8 kg/m2 ; p< .0001) and a thinner endometrium (3.75 ± 2.23 vs. 6.82 ± 3.32 mm; p< .0001). Women with FHA had significantly lower luteinising hormone (LH; 3.46 ± 7.31 vs. 8.79 ± 4.98 IU/L; p< .0001), and lower LH to follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) ratio, estradiol, thyroid-stimulating hormone, free thyroxine and prolactin levels; there was no significant difference in FSH levels. BMI had the greatest predictive performance for FHA (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.93; p< .001), followed by estradiol (AUC: 0.89; p< .001), LH (AUC: 0.88; p< .001) and LH:FSH ratio (AUC: 0.86; p< .001).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Our data provides quantification for diagnostic accuracy of clinical parameters to differentiate FHA from PCOS, namely low BMI, estradiol, LH and LH:FSH ratio. These data could help clinicians more reliably diagnose FHA in women with secondary amenorrhoea.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"95","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"618","pageEnd":"627","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/cen.14571","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128898613"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/cen.14571"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34323305"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q128898613"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonally-active-contraceptives-part-ii-sociological-environmental-and-economic-recubxvuls5uqk54y/","name":"Hormonally Active Contraceptives, Part II: Sociological, Environmental, and  Economic Impact","headline":"Hormonally Active Contraceptives, Part II: Sociological, Environmental, and  Economic Impact","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonally-active-contraceptives-part-ii-sociological-environmental-and-economic-recubxvuls5uqk54y/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Laura Haynes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5006-3339","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"International Federation for Therapeutic and Counseling Choice, General Board Member and USA Country Representative,Tustin, California, USA"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elvis I. Šeman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9376-7811","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Flinders University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01kpzv902"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathleen Mary Raviele","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2062-8041","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dekalb Medical Tucker, Georgia, USA"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joel Brind","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6079-002X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Prevention Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02xdygm42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael Gaskins","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Howard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05gt1vc06"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hanna Klaus","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical College of Wisconsin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00qqv6244"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Angela Lanfranchi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4943-3267","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Prevention Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02xdygm42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael D Manhart","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1727-1846","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"RTI International","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052tfza37"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gerard Migeon","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Woman’s Hospital of Texas","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03c0nts38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lester Ruppersberger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Medical Association","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02se5xj66"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"William V Williams","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3611-9284","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Medical Association","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02se5xj66"}}],"datePublished":"2021-09-28","abstract":"To investigate the sociological, environmental, and economic impact of hormonally active contraceptives, a series of comprehensive literature surveys were employed. Sociological effects are discussed including abortion, exploitation of women, a weakening of marriage, and an increase in divorce with deleterious effects on children such as child poverty, poorer health, lower educational achievement, suicide risks, drug and alcohol abuse, criminality, and incarceration, among others. The environmental impact is discussed briefly and includes the feminization and trans-gendering of male fish downstream from the effluent of city wastewater treatment plants with declining fish populations. The potential economic impact of most of these side effects is estimated based on epidemiologic data and published estimates of costs of caring for the diseases which are linked to the use of hormonally active contraceptives. Hormonally active contraceptives appear to have a deleterious impact on multiple aspects of women's health as well as negative economic and environmental impacts. These risks can be avoided through the use of nonhormonal methods and need to be more clearly conveyed to the public.\nSummary: Hormonal contraceptives have wide-ranging effects. The potential economic impact of the medical side effects is estimated. Sociological effects are discussed including abortion, exploitation of women, a weakening of marriage and an increase in divorce with negative effects on children such as child poverty, poorer health, lower educational achievement, suicide risks, drug and alcohol abuse, criminality and incarceration among others. The environmental impact includes hormonal effects on fish with declining fish populations. Women seeking birth control have a right to know about how to avoid these risks by using effective hormone-free methods like Fertility Awareness Methods.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"88","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"291","pageEnd":"316","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00243639211005121","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/00243639211005121"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34565905"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/benefits-of-α-lipoic-acid-in-high-risk-pregnancies-review-recidxpizy3hdolwd/","name":"Benefits of α-lipoic acid in high-risk pregnancies (Review)","headline":"Benefits of α-lipoic acid in high-risk pregnancies (Review)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/benefits-of-α-lipoic-acid-in-high-risk-pregnancies-review-recidxpizy3hdolwd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Aida Petca","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4890-0978","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04fm87419"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nicoleta Maru","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5154-3190","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04fm87419"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ioana Calo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Clinical Emergency Hospital Bucharest","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03grprm46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Razvan-Cosmin Petca","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4496-1535","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04fm87419"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Petca RC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mona Zvâncă","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04fm87419"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andreea Borislavschi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Clinical Emergency Hospital Bucharest","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03grprm46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mihaela Bot","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04fm87419"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mihai Cristian Dumitrascu","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04fm87419"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Florica Sandru","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04fm87419"}}],"datePublished":"2021-09-21","abstract":"α-Lipoic acid (ALA) is a natural molecule that is inconsistently synthesized by the human body and must be provided from exogenous sources, such as food and dietary supplements. Once absorbed, the oxidized form of ALA is transformed into its reduced form, dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA). ALA/DHLA exert direct and indirect antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and fine immunomodulatory effects. ALA/DHLA reduce the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-17), while increasing the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10). They also inhibit cyclooxygenase 2, thereby decreasing the secretion of prostaglandin E2 and nitrogen oxide, and reducing the risk of miscarriage in the first trimester of pregnancy. In patients at risk of abortion, administration of ALA from the first trimester has shown efficacy by accelerating subchorionic hematoma resorption, with a significant decrease in the accompanying abdominal pain. ALA has been proven to be efficient in maintaining the length of the cervix and keeping it closed following one episode of premature labor. Preeclampsia is a dysfunction caused by abnormal placentation and an excessive maternal inflammatory response, leading to extreme hypoxia in the placental bed and exaggerated oxidative stress, with release of oxygen free radicals. Oxidative stress plays a key role in the development of preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction. The hypothesis of antioxidant supplementation may play an essential part in disease prevention and fetal neuroprotection.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"1232","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10666","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3892/etm.2021.10666"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34539828"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/time-to-pregnancy-for-women-using-a-fertility-awareness-based-mobile-application-recekuoxp97sjoyl0/","name":"Time to Pregnancy for Women Using a Fertility Awareness Based Mobile Application  to Plan a Pregnancy","headline":"Time to Pregnancy for Women Using a Fertility Awareness Based Mobile Application  to Plan a Pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/time-to-pregnancy-for-women-using-a-fertility-awareness-based-mobile-application-recekuoxp97sjoyl0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Simon P Rowland","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5842-3872","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Natural Cycles USA Corp, New York, New York, USA.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056hm0802"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anne Marie Z. Jukic","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8635-9505","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Berglund Scherwitzl E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gemzell Danielsson K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kristina Gemzell‐Danielsson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6516-1444","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Karolinska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00m8d6786"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joyce Harper","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7212-5005","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute for Reproductive Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00jt1e157"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elina Berglund Scherwitzl","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Natural Cycles Nordic AB, Stockholm, Sweden","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056hm0802"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Magda Chelstowska","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Natural Cycles Nordic AB, Stockholm, Sweden","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056hm0802"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carlotta Favaro","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Life Cycle Engineering (United States)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056hm0802"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kristina Gemzell-Danielsson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jack T Pearson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6160-2134","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Natural Cycles Nordic AB, Stockholm, Sweden","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056hm0802"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Raoul Scherwitzl","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Natural Cycles Nordic AB, Stockholm, Sweden","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056hm0802"}}],"datePublished":"2021-09-09","abstract":"Background: Time to pregnancy (TTP) is a biomarker of fecundability and has been associated with behavioral and environmental characteristics; however, these associations have not been examined in a large population-based sample of application (app) users.\n\nMaterials and Methods: This observational study followed 5,376 women with an age range of 18 to 45 years who used an app to identify their fertile window. We included women who started trying to conceive between September 30, 2017 and August 31, 2018. TTP was calculated as the number of menstrual cycles from when the user switched to \"Plan\" mode up to and including the cycle in which they logged a positive pregnancy test. We examined associations with several characteristics, including age, gravidity, body mass index, cycle length and cycle length variation, frequency of sexual intercourse, and temperature measuring frequency. Discrete time fecundability models were used to estimate fecundability odds ratios.\n\nResults: For the complete cohort the 6-cycle and 12-cycle cumulative pregnancy probabilities were found to be 61% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 59-62) and 74% (95% CI: 73-76), respectively. The median TTP was four cycles. The highest fecundability was associated with an age of less than 35 years, with cycle length variation <5 days and logging sexual intercourse on at least 20% of days added (the proportion of days in which intercourse was logged) (11.5% [n = 613] of entire sample). This group achieved a 6and 12-cycle cumulative pregnancy probability of 88% (95% CI: 85-91) and 95% (95% CI: 94-97), respectively, and a TTP of 2 cycles.\n\nConclusions: Natural Cycles was an effective method of identifying the fertile window and a noninvasive educational option for women planning a pregnancy. Women under age 35 with regular cycles showed a high pregnancy rate.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"30","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Women's Health (2002)"}}},"pageStart":"1538","pageEnd":"1545","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2021.0026","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1089/jwh.2021.0026"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34495761"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cyclic-progesterone-and-spironolactone-treatment-for-androgenic-polycystic-ovary-recb34f89exuzbiaz/","name":"Cyclic progesterone and spironolactone treatment for androgenic polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"Cyclic progesterone and spironolactone treatment for androgenic polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cyclic-progesterone-and-spironolactone-treatment-for-androgenic-polycystic-ovary-recb34f89exuzbiaz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Dharani Kalidasan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8098-3435","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2021-09-07","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"http://isrctn.com/"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1186/isrctn99343883","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/isrctn99343883"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-function-of-cumulus-cells-in-oocyte-growth-and-maturation-and-in-subsequent--bpj2gzzl/","name":"The Function of Cumulus Cells in Oocyte Growth and Maturation and in Subsequent Ovulation and Fertilization","headline":"The Function of Cumulus Cells in Oocyte Growth and Maturation and in Subsequent Ovulation and Fertilization","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-function-of-cumulus-cells-in-oocyte-growth-and-maturation-and-in-subsequent--bpj2gzzl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Turathum B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gao EM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chian RC"}],"datePublished":"2021-09-02","abstract":"Cumulus cells (CCs) originating from undifferentiated granulosa cells (GCs) differentiate in mural granulosa cells (MGCs) and CCs during antrum formation in the follicle by the distribution of location. CCs are supporting cells of the oocyte that protect the oocyte from the microenvironment, which helps oocyte growth and maturation in the follicles. Bi-directional communications between an oocyte and CCs are necessary for the oocyte for the acquisition of maturation and early embryonic developmental competence following fertilization. Follicle-stimulation hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) surges lead to the synthesis of an extracellular matrix in CCs, and CCs undergo expansion to assist meiotic resumption of the oocyte. The function of CCs is involved in the completion of oocyte meiotic maturation and ovulation, fertilization, and subsequent early embryo development. Therefore, understanding the function of CCs during follicular development may be helpful for predicting oocyte quality and subsequent embryonic development competence, as well as pregnancy outcomes in the field of reproductive medicine and assisted reproductive technology (ART) for infertility treatment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cells"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cells10092292","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/cells10092292"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34571941"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/identifying-anatomical-regions-associated-with-endometriosis-pain-using-neighbor-rechf0uoohs29j3pz/","name":"IDENTIFYING ANATOMICAL REGIONS ASSOCIATED WITH ENDOMETRIOSIS PAIN USING NEIGHBOR-JOINING CLUSTERING","headline":"IDENTIFYING ANATOMICAL REGIONS ASSOCIATED WITH ENDOMETRIOSIS PAIN USING NEIGHBOR-JOINING CLUSTERING","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/identifying-anatomical-regions-associated-with-endometriosis-pain-using-neighbor-rechf0uoohs29j3pz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Edgar Javier Hernandez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1455-8251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Eilbeck","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0831-6427","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A C Kiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3025-3853","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Matthew Peterson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4644-602X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mark Yandell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9497-4505","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2021-09-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"116","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"e207-e208","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.07.568","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.07.568"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-dehydroepiandrosterone-dhea-supplementation-on-estradiol-levels-in-wl0xilwt/","name":"The effect of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) supplementation on estradiol levels in women: A dose-response and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials","headline":"The effect of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) supplementation on estradiol levels in women: A dose-response and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-dehydroepiandrosterone-dhea-supplementation-on-estradiol-levels-in-wl0xilwt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yeyi Zhu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7296-738X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qiu L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fan Jiang"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Găman MA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Abudoraehem OS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Okunade KS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Minming Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2375-867X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059cjpv64"}}],"datePublished":"2021-09-01","abstract":"Estradiol, an estrogen steroid hormone, serves as the dominant female hormone and its levels fluctuate during lifetime. In women, after the menopause, all estrogens and almost all androgens are locally developed in the peripheral tissues from dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). However, the effect of DHEA supplementation on estradiol levels in women is unclear as previously published data has resulted in conflicting findings. Thus, we conducted the present dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the influence of DHEA on estradiol concentrations in women. The PubMed/Medline, Embase, Web of Science and Scopus databases were systematically searched for articles published on this topic until May 10, 2021. No time or language restrictions were applied. The data were expressed as weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), and a P-value of less than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. The pooled results were obtained using the generic inverse of variance method with a random effects model. A total of 21 arms, including 1223 participants (case = 610, and control = 613), reported estradiol concentrations as an outcome measure. The overall results demonstrated that estradiol significantly increased following the administration of DHEA (WMD: 7.02 pg/mL, 95% CI: 5.43, 8.62, P = 0.000). The stratified analyses revealed that the elevation of estradiol concentrations was more pronounced in subjects aged ≥60 years old (WMD: 8.56 pg/mL, 95% CI: 6.97, 10.16, I2 = 94%) and in those receiving DHEA supplements for ≥26 weeks (WMD: 7.30 pg/mL, 95% CI: 6.28, 8.32, I2 = 61%). Moreover, estradiol levels increased significantly with DHEA dosages of 50 mg/day (WMD: 7.75 pg/mL, 95% CI: 9.12, 9.39, I2 = 94%) and when DHEA was prescribed to postmenopausal women (WMD: 7.61 pg/mL, 95% CI: 5.97, 9.24, I2 = 93%). This meta-analysis has provided a comprehensive overview of the effects of DHEA administration on circulating estradiol levels, far beyond the available evidence from different RCTs. Subsequent subgroup analyses revealed that postmenopausal women, females aged 60 years and above, those on DHEA dosages of 50 mg/day and those receiving DHEA for ≥26 weeks registered a more pronounced elevation of the circulating estradiol levels.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"173","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Steroids"}},"pageStart":"108889","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.steroids.2021.108889","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.steroids.2021.108889"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34246664"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recurrence-postponing-pregnancy-and-termination-rates-after-hyperemesis-gravidar-dv1rqppd/","name":"Recurrence, postponing pregnancy, and termination rates after hyperemesis gravidarum: Follow up of the MOTHER study","headline":"Recurrence, postponing pregnancy, and termination rates after hyperemesis gravidarum: Follow up of the MOTHER study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recurrence-postponing-pregnancy-and-termination-rates-after-hyperemesis-gravidar-dv1rqppd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nijsten K, Dean C, van der Minnen LM, Bais JMJ, Ris-Stalpers C, van Eekelen R, Bremer HA, van der Ham DP, Heidema WM, Huisjes A, Kleiverda G, Kuppens SM, van Laar JOEH, Langenveld J, van der Made F, Papatsonis D, Pelinck MJ, Pernet PJ, van Rheenen-Flach L, Rijnders RJ, Scheepers HCJ, Vogelvang T, Mol BW, Roseboom TJ, Koot MH, Grooten IJ, Painter RC"}],"datePublished":"2021-09-01","abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) complicates 1% of pregnancies and has a major impact on maternal quality of life and well-being. We know very little about HG's long-term impact after an affected pregnancy, including recurrence rates in future pregnancies, which is essential information for women considering subsequent pregnancies. In this study, we aimed to prospectively measure the recurrence rate of HG and the number of postponed and terminated subsequent pregnancies due to HG. We also aimed to evaluate if there were predictive factors that could identify women at increased risk for HG recurrence, and postponing and terminating subsequent pregnancies.\n\nMATERIAL AND METHODS: We conducted a prospective cohort study. A total of 215 women admitted for HG to public hospitals in the Netherlands were enrolled in the original MOTHER randomized controlled trial and associated observational cohort. Seventy-three women were included in this follow-up study. Data were collected through an online questionnaire. Recurrent HG was defined as vomiting symptoms accompanied by any of the following: multiple medication use, weight loss, admission, tube feeding or if nausea and vomiting symptoms were severe enough to affect life and/or work. Outcome measures were recurrence, postponing, and termination rates due to HG. Univariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictive factors associated with HG recurrence, and postponing and terminating subsequent pregnancies.\n\nRESULTS: Thirty-five women (48%) became pregnant again of whom 40% had postponed their pregnancy due to HG. HG recurred in 89% of pregnancies. One woman terminated and eight women (23%) considered terminating their pregnancy because of recurrent HG. Twenty-four out of 38 women did not get pregnant again because of HG in the past. Univariable logistic regression analysis identifying possible predictive factors found that having a western background was associated with having weight loss due to recurrent HG in subsequent pregnancies (odds ratio 12.9, 95% CI 1.3-130.5, p = 0.03).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: High rates of HG recurrence and a high number of postponed pregnancies due to HG were observed. Women can be informed of a high chance of recurrence to enable informed family planning.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"100","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica"}}},"pageStart":"1636","pageEnd":"1643","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aogs.14197","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/aogs.14197"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34033123"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effects-of-phthalate-ester-exposure-on-human-health-a-review-lvzrijpk/","name":"The effects of phthalate ester exposure on human health: A review","headline":"The effects of phthalate ester exposure on human health: A review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effects-of-phthalate-ester-exposure-on-human-health-a-review-lvzrijpk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Chang WH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Herianto S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lee C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hung H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lie H Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8127-8677","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaiser Permanente","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t60zh31"}}],"datePublished":"2021-09-01","abstract":"Phthalate esters (PAEs) are one of the most widely used plasticizers in polymer products and humans are increasingly exposed to them. The constant exposure to PAEs-contained products has raised some concerns against human health. Thus, the impacts of PAEs and their metabolites on human health require a comprehensive study for a better understanding of the associated risks. Here, we attempt to review eight main health effects of PAE exposure according to the most up-to-date studies. We found that epidemiological studies demonstrated a consistent association between PAE exposure (especially DEHP and its metabolites) and a decrease in sperm quality in males and symptom development of ADHD in children. Overall, we found insufficient evidence and lack of consistency of the association between PAE exposure and cardiovascular diseases (hypertension, atherosclerosis, and CHD), thyroid diseases, respiratory diseases, diabetes, obesity, kidney diseases, intelligence performance in children, and other reproductive system-related diseases (anogenital distance, girl precocious puberty, and endometriosis). Future studies (longitudinal and follow-up investigations) need to thoroughly perform in large-scale populations to yield more consistent and powerful results and increase the precision of the association as well as enhance the overall understanding of potential human health risks of PAEs in long-term exposure.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"786","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Science of The Total Environment"}},"pageStart":"147371","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147371","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147371"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/2019-assisted-reproductive-technology-fertility-clinic-and-national-summary-repo-yveyxcvj/","name":"2019 Assisted Reproductive Technology Fertility Clinic and National Summary Report","headline":"2019 Assisted Reproductive Technology Fertility Clinic and National Summary Report","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/2019-assisted-reproductive-technology-fertility-clinic-and-national-summary-repo-yveyxcvj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention"}],"datePublished":"2021-09-01","abstract":"The 2019 Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) Fertility Clinic and National Summary Report, prepared by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) under the Fertility Clinic Success Rate and Certification Act of 1992 (Public Law 102-493), presents data submitted by 449 reporting US fertility clinics for ART cycles initiated during the 2019 reporting year. The Report includes data on a total of 330,773 ART cycles performed and 78,889 live-birth deliveries. Beginning with the 2019 reporting year, clinic-specific ART success rates are reported in the ART Success Rates by Clinic online application instead of in the printed annual report; the 2019 publication consolidates the previously separate fertility clinic and national summary reports. Standard age bands changed for the 2019 reporting year to less than 35, 35 to 37, 38 to 40, and over 40 years. National summary figures present noncumulative data on cycles performed in the reporting year. CDC estimates that NASS captures 97 to 98 percent of all ART cycles performed in the United States. The 2019 Report includes information on cumulative success rates per intended retrieval cycle, fresh and frozen embryo transfer outcomes, donor egg cycles, embryo banking, and gestational carrier cycles.","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cystoscopic-findings-in-women-with-minimal-and-maximal-lower-urinary-tract-sympt-recjozjcnfplsmkum/","name":"Cystoscopic findings in women with minimal and maximal lower urinary tract  symptoms","headline":"Cystoscopic findings in women with minimal and maximal lower urinary tract  symptoms","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cystoscopic-findings-in-women-with-minimal-and-maximal-lower-urinary-tract-sympt-recjozjcnfplsmkum/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ioana Marcu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4689-3065","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jeffrey A Gavard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0526-0314","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Steele A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9232-7876","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Univ. of the West Indies St. Augustine"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrew C. Steele","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Louis University School of Medicine, Division of Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health, St. Louis, MO, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jennifer A Bickhaus","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2432-0813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary B Holloran-Schwartz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Louis University School of Medicine, Division of Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health, St. Louis, MO, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eugen Câmpian","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fah Che Leong","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary T McLennan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joe Y Shi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Golnar Vazirabadi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}}],"datePublished":"2021-08-26","abstract":"Background: Glomerulations are not specific for interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS). Controversy exists about whether cystoscopic findings differ between patients with and without lower urinary tract symptoms. We sought to compare the prevalence of cystoscopic findings in women with \"no or minimal\" urinary symptoms to those with a \"high\" symptom burden.\n\nMethods: This is a secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study performed at a University Educational Facility. Participants in this study were part of a larger prospective study, in which female patients scheduled to undergo routine gynecologic procedures were all consented for cystoscopy with hydrodistension (CWHD). We defined the \"minimally symptomatic group\" as those with ≤1 on each of the O'Leary/Sant Interstitial Cystitis Symptom Index (ICSI) subscores and without history of IC/BPS. The \"highly symptomatic\" cohort of women had composite ICSI score ≥12 and a Burning/Pain subscore of 4 or 5. All were non-smokers.\n\nResults: A total of 84 women underwent CWHD, with 33 having minimal symptoms and 51 being highly symptomatic. The two groups were not statistically different when assessing for 'any glomerulations' compared to 'no glomerulations.' However, minimally symptomatic women had an eight-fold lower prevalence of significant glomerulations than highly symptomatic women (3.0% minimally symptomatic vs. 23.5% highly symptomatic, P<0.05.).\n\nConclusions: Extensive glomerulations (≥10 in 3 or 4 quadrants) are rare in women with minimal urinary symptoms. These findings contrast with prior limited prospective data which quoted similar incidence of glomerulations in IC/BPS patients and asymptomatic patients. This study highlights the importance of evaluating objective evidence on CWHD and merits further investigation as part of the ongoing conversation regarding the definition of bladder health and pathology.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Translational Andrology and Urology"}}},"pageStart":"2910","pageEnd":"2920","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tau-21-195","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.21037/tau-21-195"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34430393"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/towards-a-sociological-understanding-of-medical-gaslighting-in-western-health-ca-recwrz2q4mejqqdrz/","name":"Towards a sociological understanding of medical gaslighting in western health  care","headline":"Towards a sociological understanding of medical gaslighting in western health  care","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/towards-a-sociological-understanding-of-medical-gaslighting-in-western-health-ca-recwrz2q4mejqqdrz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jennifer C H Sebring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1031-7154","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Manitoba","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02gfys938"}}],"datePublished":"2021-08-26","abstract":"In recent years, the term 'medical gaslighting' and accompanying accounts of self-identified women experiencing invalidation, dismissal and inadequate care have proliferated in the media. Gaslighting has primarily been conceptualized in the field of psychology as a phenomenon within interpersonal relationships. Following the work of Paige Sweet (American Sociological Review, 84, 2019, 851), I argue that a sociological explanation is necessary. Such an explanation illustrates how medical gaslighting is not simply an interpersonal exchange, but the result of deeply embedded and largely unchallenged ideologies underpinning health-care services. Through an intersectional feminist and Foucauldian analysis, I illuminate the ideological structures of western medicine that allow for medical gaslighting to be commonplace in the lives of women, transgender, intersex, queer and racialized individuals seeking health care. Importantly, these are not mutually exclusive groups, and I use the term bio-Others to highlight and connect how those with embodied differences are treated in medicine. This article indicates the importance of opening a robust discussion about the sociology of medical gaslighting, so that we might better understand what structural barriers people of marginalized social locations face in accessing quality health care and develop creative solutions to challenge health-care inequities.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"43","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Sociology of Health & Illness"}}},"pageStart":"1951","pageEnd":"1964","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9566.13367","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/1467-9566.13367"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34432297"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptives-depressive-and-insomnia-symptoms-in-adult-women-with-and-wit-rechis7v74blhkbjq/","name":"Oral contraceptives, depressive and insomnia symptoms in adult women with and  without depression","headline":"Oral contraceptives, depressive and insomnia symptoms in adult women with and  without depression","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptives-depressive-and-insomnia-symptoms-in-adult-women-with-and-wit-rechis7v74blhkbjq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Margot W L Morssinkhof","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7031-7140","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"OLVG","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01d02sf11"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Femke Lamers","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4344-5766","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008xxew50"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Adriaan W Hoogendoorn","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4784-0712","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Amsterdam University Medical Centers","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05grdyy37"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Harriëtte Riese","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1188-7394","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Groningen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012p63287"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Erik J Giltay","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8874-2292","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012p63287"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Odile A van den Heuvel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9804-7653","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008xxew50"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brenda W Penninx","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7779-9672","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"GGZ inGeest","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042m3ve83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Birit F P Broekman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7619-775X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anouk E de Wit","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9511-3118","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Medical Center Groningen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03cv38k47"}}],"datePublished":"2021-08-24","abstract":"Background: Worldwide, oral contraceptive (OC) use is a very common form of birth control, although it has been associated with symptoms of depression and insomnia. Insomnia is a risk factor for major depressive disorder (MDD) but may also be a symptom of the disorder. Despite the large number of women who use OC, it is yet unknown whether women with previous or current diagnosis of depression are more likely to experience more severe depressive and insomnia symptoms during concurrent OC use than women without diagnosis of depression.\n\nAim: This study examined associations between OC use and concurrent symptoms of depression (including atypical depression) and insomnia as well as between OC and prevalences of concurrent dysthymia and MDD. Participants were adult women with and without a history of MDD or dysthymia. We hypothesized that OC use is associated with concurrent increased severity of depressive symptoms and insomnia symptoms, as well as with an increased prevalence of concurrent diagnoses of dysthymia and MDD. We also hypothesized that a history of MDD or dysthymia moderates the relationship between OC use and depressive and insomnia symptoms.\n\nMethods: Measurements from premenopausal adult women from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA) were grouped, based on whether participants were using OC or naturally cycling (NC). OC use, timing and regularity of the menstrual cycle were assessed with a structured interview, self-reported symptoms of depression (including atypical depression), insomnia with validated questionnaires, and MDD and dysthymia with structured diagnostic interviews.\n\nResults: We included a total of 1301 measurements in women who reported OC use and 1913 measurements in NC women (mean age 35.6, 49.8% and 28.9% of measurements in women with a previous depression or current depression, respectively). Linear mixed models showed that overall, OC use was neither associated with more severe depressive symptoms (including atypical depressive symptoms), nor with higher prevalence of diagnoses of MDD or dysthymia. However, by disentangling the amalgamated overall effect, within-person estimates indicated increased depressive symptoms and depressive disorder prevalence during OC use, whereas between-person estimated indicated lower depressive symptoms and prevalence of depressive disorders. OC use was consistently associated with more severe concurrent insomnia symptoms, in the overall estimates as well as in the within-person and between-person estimates. Presence of current or previous MDD or dysthymia did not moderate the associations between OC use and depressive or insomnia symptoms.\n\nDISCUSSION: The study findings showed consistent associations between OC use and more severe insomnia symptoms, but no consistent associations between OC and depressive symptoms or diagnoses. Instead, post-hoc analyses showed that associations between OC and depression differed between withinand between person-estimates. This indicates that, although OC shows no associations on the overall level, some individuals might experience OC-associated mood symptoms. Our findings underscore the importance of accounting for individual differences in experiences during OC use. Furthermore, it raises new questions about mechanisms underlying associations between OC, depression and insomnia.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"133","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"}},"pageStart":"105390","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105390","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105390"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34425359"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ultra-processed-diet-systemic-oxidative-stress-and-breach-of-immunologic-toleran-recloaopsotazr0pv/","name":"Ultra-processed diet, systemic oxidative stress, and breach of immunologic  tolerance","headline":"Ultra-processed diet, systemic oxidative stress, and breach of immunologic  tolerance","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ultra-processed-diet-systemic-oxidative-stress-and-breach-of-immunologic-toleran-recloaopsotazr0pv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Martínez Leo EE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Edwin E. Martínez Leo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3540-6556","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Autonomous University of Yucatán","sameAs":"https://ror.org/032p1n739"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hernández Escalante VM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zulema M Cabrera Araujo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0066-5048","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Autonomous University of Yucatán","sameAs":"https://ror.org/032p1n739"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cabrera Araujo ZM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Víctor M. Hernández Escalante","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8574-7899","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Yucatan, Merida, Mexico.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/032p1n739"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Abigail Meza Peñafiel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1984-4716","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Research Department, University Latino, Merida, Mexico."}}],"datePublished":"2021-08-17","abstract":"In recent years, consumption of ultra-processed food around the world has been increasing. The nutritional profile of an ultra-processed diet is associated with the development of cellular alterations that lead to oxidative stress. The chronic prooxidative state leads to an environment that influences the proliferation, apoptosis, and signaling pathways of immune cells. Likewise, the decrease in the transcription factor NRF2, owing to exacerbated production of reactive oxygen species, leads to changes in immune function and response to infections. This review aims to analyze the connection between an ultra-processed diet, systemic oxidative stress, and immune tolerance, as a contribution to the scientific evidence on the impact of oxidative stress on health and the possible risk of infections-an important consideration in the association of eating pattern and the immune response.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"91-92","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.)"}},"pageStart":"111419","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2021.111419","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q125111801"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.nut.2021.111419"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34399404"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q125111801"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menopausal-hormone-therapy-for-women-living-with-hiv-recuex39xpo09f3yf/","name":"Menopausal hormone therapy for women living with HIV","headline":"Menopausal hormone therapy for women living with HIV","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menopausal-hormone-therapy-for-women-living-with-hiv-recuex39xpo09f3yf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Elizabeth M King","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3609-1736","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Simon Fraser University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0213rcc28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neora Pick","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4123-3698","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"B.C. Women's Hospital & Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c4nx247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Julie van Schalkwyk","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"B.C. Women's Hospital & Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c4nx247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Kestler","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3466-4265","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Women's Health Research Institute, British Columbia Women's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, ..."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stacey Tkachuk","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7110-8578","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Oak Tree Clinic, British Columbia Women's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mona Loutfy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7887-8997","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's College Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03cw63y62"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Melanie C M Murray","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9538-2758","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oak Tree Clinic, BC Women's Hospital and Health Centre, 4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 0A7, Canada; Women's Health Research Institute, H214-4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia V6...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0455vfz21"}}],"datePublished":"2021-08-09","abstract":"People living with HIV are ageing, and a growing number of women living with HIV are entering menopause. Women living with HIV commonly have bothersome vasomotor symptoms and onset of menopause at earlier ages; both factors go on to affect quality of life and systemic health. Vasomotor symptoms and early menopause are both indications for menopausal hormone therapy; however, current evidence suggests that this therapy is seldom offered to women living with HIV. Additionally, women living with HIV have several risks to bone health and are likely to benefit from the bone-strengthening effects of menopausal hormone therapy. We present an assessment of the benefits and risks of menopausal hormone therapy in the context of HIV care and propose a practical approach to its prescription. If considered in the appropriate clinical context with discussion of risks and benefits, menopausal hormone therapy might provide substantial benefits to symptomatic menopausal women living with HIV and improve health-related quality of life.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Lancet HIV"}}},"pageStart":"e591-e598","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-3018(21)00148-X","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108546149"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/S2352-3018(21)00148-X"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34384545"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q108546149"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/british-columbia-carma-chiwos-collaboration-bcc3-protocol-for-a-community-collab-recdxmfq7gpm0zlhh/","name":"British Columbia CARMA-CHIWOS Collaboration (BCC3): protocol for a community-collaborative cohort study examining healthy ageing with and for women living with HIV","headline":"British Columbia CARMA-CHIWOS Collaboration (BCC3): protocol for a community-collaborative cohort study examining healthy ageing with and for women living with HIV","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/british-columbia-carma-chiwos-collaboration-bcc3-protocol-for-a-community-collab-recdxmfq7gpm0zlhh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shayda A Swann, Angela Kaida, Valerie Nicholson, Jason Brophy, Amber R Campbell, Allison Carter, Chelsea Elwood, Tsion Gebremedhen, Rebecca Gormley, Elizabeth M King, Melanie Lee, Vonnie Lee, Evelyn J Maan, Patience Magagula, Sheila Nyman, Davi Pang, Neora Pick, Tetiana Povshedna, Jerilynn C Prior, Joel Singer, Shelly Tognazzini, Melanie C M Murray, Helene C F Cote"}],"datePublished":"2021-08-06","abstract":"Introduction: Women living with HIV (WLWH) experience accelerated ageing and an increased risk of age-associated diseases earlier in life, compared with women without HIV. This is likely due to a combination of viral factors, gender differences, hormonal imbalance and psychosocial and structural conditions. This interdisciplinary cohort study aims to understand how biological, clinical and sociostructural determinants of health interact to modulate healthy ageing in WLWH.\n\nMethods and analysisThe British Columbia Children and Women: AntiRetroviral therapy and Markers of Aging-Canadian HIV Women's Sexual and Reproductive Health Cohort Study (CARMA-CHIWOS) Collaboration (BCC3) study will enrol WLWH (n=350) and sociodemographically matched HIV-negative women (n=350) living in British Columbia. A subset of BCC3 participants will be past participants of CARMA, n≥1000 women and children living with and without HIV, 2008-2018 and/or CHIWOS, n=1422 WLWH, 2013-2018. Over two study visits, we will collect biological specimens for virus serologies, hormones and biological markers as well as administer a survey capturing demographic and sociostructural-behavioural factors. Sociodemographics, comorbidities, number and type of chronic/latent viral infections and hormonal irregularities will be compared between the two groups. Their association with biological markers and psychostructural and sociostructural factors will be investigated through multivariable regression and structural equation modelling. Retrospective longitudinal analyses will be conducted on data from past CARMA/CHIWOS participants. As BCC3 aims to follow participants as they age, this protocol will focus on the first study visits.Ethics and disseminationThis study has been approved by the University of British Columbia Children's and Women's Research Ethics Board (H19-00896). Results will be shared in peer-reviewed journals, conferences and at community events as well as at www.hivhearme.ca and @HIV_HEAR_me. WLWH are involved in study design, survey creation, participant recruitment, data collection and knowledge translation. A Community Advisory Board will advise the research team throughout the study.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ Open"}}},"pageStart":"e046558","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046558","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046558"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34362800"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/elevated-risk-of-bacterial-vaginosis-among-users-of-the-copper-intrauterine-devi-iijqiteh/","name":"Elevated Risk of Bacterial Vaginosis Among Users of the Copper Intrauterine Device: A Prospective Longitudinal Cohort Study","headline":"Elevated Risk of Bacterial Vaginosis Among Users of the Copper Intrauterine Device: A Prospective Longitudinal Cohort Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/elevated-risk-of-bacterial-vaginosis-among-users-of-the-copper-intrauterine-devi-iijqiteh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Peebles K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kiweewa FM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Palanee-Phillips T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chappell C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Singh D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bunge KE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Naidoo L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Makanani B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jeenarain N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Reynolds D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S L Hillier","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brown ER"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jared M Baeten","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8242-8438","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Balkus JE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"MTN-020/ASPIRE study team"}],"datePublished":"2021-08-02","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Limited evidence suggests that the nonhormonal contraceptive copper intrauterine device (Cu-IUD) may increase bacterial vaginosis (BV) risk, possibly due to increased volume and duration of menses, a common side effect of Cu-IUD use. Although increases in bleeding typically resolve within 6-12 months following initiation, evaluations of the association between Cu-IUD and BV have not included more than 6 months of follow-up.\n\nMETHODS: This secondary analysis of a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 prevention trial included 2585 African women ages 18-45 followed for up to 33 months. Women reported contraceptive use each month. BV was evaluated by Nugent score in 6-monthly intervals and, if clinically indicated, by Amsel criteria. Andersen-Gill proportional hazards models were used to (1) evaluate BV risk among Cu-IUD users relative to women using no/another nonhormonal contraceptive and (2) test changes in BV frequency before, while using, and following Cu-IUD discontinuation.\n\nRESULTS: BV frequency was highest among Cu-IUD users at 153.6 episodes per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval [CI]: 145.2, 162.4). In adjusted models, Cu-IUD users experienced 1.28-fold (95% CI: 1.12, 1.46) higher BV risk relative to women using no/another nonhormonal contraception. Compared to the 6 months prior to initiation, BV risk was 1.52-fold (95% CI: 1.16, 2.00) higher in the first 6 months of Cu-IUD use and remained elevated over 18 months of use (P < .05). Among women who discontinued Cu-IUD, BV frequency was similar to pre-initiation rates within 1 year.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Cu-IUD users experienced elevated BV risk that persisted throughout use. Women and their providers may wish to consider BV risk when discussing contraceptive options.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"73","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America"}}},"pageStart":"513","pageEnd":"520","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa703","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96155969"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/cid/ciaa703"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32505132"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q96155969"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-outcomes-in-women-with-preexisting-type-2-diabetesa-prospective-cohort-zzwt42vt/","name":"Fertility outcomes in women with pre-existing type 2 diabetes-a prospective cohort study","headline":"Fertility outcomes in women with pre-existing type 2 diabetes-a prospective cohort study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-outcomes-in-women-with-preexisting-type-2-diabetesa-prospective-cohort-zzwt42vt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mattsson K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nilsson-Condori E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elmerstig E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vassard D","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6298-4146"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lone Schmidt","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0372-9388","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035b05819"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ziebe S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jöud A"}],"datePublished":"2021-08-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To study childbirth and the risk of miscarriage and infertility among women who have received a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes before the start of their reproductive journey.\n\nDESIGN: Register-based cohort study using the Skåne Healthcare Register SETTING: All healthcare visits for the whole population of the southernmost region in Sweden over the past 20 years PATIENT(S): All women who were aged 18-45 years between January 1, 1998 and December 31, 2019 and who received a clinical diagnosis of type 2 diabetes before their first childbirth, miscarriage, or infertility diagnosis (n = 230) were compared with a healthcare-seeking population of women without any type of diabetes, matched for calendar year and age (n = 179,434).\n\nINTERVENTION(S): None MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Childbirth, miscarriage, and infertility diagnosis RESULT(S): The birthrate was lower among women with type 2 diabetes (62.6% vs. 83.8%), and they were less likely to give birth (crude risk ratio [RR] = 0.73, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.66-0.81). They had a higher risk of experiencing a miscarriage (RR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.50-2.36). The risk of infertility was increased (RR = 3.44, 95% CI: 2.88-4.10) as was the risk of having infertility and not giving birth (RR = 4.47, 95% CI: 3.44-5.82). All results remained the same after adjustment for polycystic ovary syndrome and obesity.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Women with type 2 diabetes with onset before their reproductive journey were more often childless compared with women without diabetes and had a higher risk of experiencing both miscarriage and infertility. This patient group may be in need of targeted information regarding potential fertility issues as part of their clinical treatment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"116","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"505","pageEnd":"513","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.02.009","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.02.009"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34353572"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-rule-of-10-a-simple-3d-ultrasonographic-method-for-the-diagnosis-of-t-shaped-reciculcwwqwvjaad/","name":"The Rule of 10: a simple 3D ultrasonographic method for the diagnosis of T-shaped  uterus","headline":"The Rule of 10: a simple 3D ultrasonographic method for the diagnosis of T-shaped  uterus","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-rule-of-10-a-simple-3d-ultrasonographic-method-for-the-diagnosis-of-t-shaped-reciculcwwqwvjaad/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Luis Alonso Pacheco","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8521-3675","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Reproductive Surgery Unit, Centro Gutenberg, Malaga, Spain."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alonso Pacheco L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bermejo López C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"José Carugno","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5716-4933","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Miami","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02dgjyy92"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Azumendi Gómez P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Simone Garzon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5840-699X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Verona","sameAs":"https://ror.org/039bp8j42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pedro Azumendi Gómez","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Reproductive Surgery Unit, Centro Gutenberg, Malaga, Spain."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carmina Bermejo López","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Delta Ecografía, Madrid, Spain."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonio Simone Laganà","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1543-2802","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Palermo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/044k9ta02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Martinez-Ten","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Delta Ecografía, Madrid, Spain."}}],"datePublished":"2021-07-26","abstract":"PURPOSE: To investigate and propose a new simple tridimensional (3D) ultrasonographic method to diagnose a T-shaped uterus (Class U1a).\n\nMETHODS: A multicenter non-experimental case-control diagnostic accuracy study was conducted between January 2018 and December 2019, including 50 women (cases) diagnosed with T-shaped uterus (U1a class) and 50 women with a \"normal uterus\" (controls). All the enrolled women underwent 3D ultrasound, drawing four lines and recording the length of three of them as follow: draw and measure the interostial line (R0); draw from the midpoint of R0 a perpendicular line length 20 mm; draw and measure in the uterine cavity a line parallel to R0 at 10 mm below R0 (R10) and a second line parallel to R0 at 20 mm below R0 (R20). The diagnostic performance of all sonographic parameters statistically significantly different between T-shaped and normal uteri was estimated using the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.\n\nRESULTS: R10 and R20 were statistically significantly shorter in the T-shaped than the normal uterus. R10 reported the highest diagnostic accuracy with an area under the ROC curve of 0.973 (95% CI 0.940-1.000). R10 length maximizing the Youden's J statistic was 10.5 mm. Assuming R10 length equal to or shorter than 10 mm as the cut off value for defining a woman as having a T-shaped uterus, the new ultrasonographic method following the proposed protocol (R0, R10, and R20) reported sensitivity for T-shaped uterus of 91.1% (95% CI 0.78-0.97%) and a specificity of 100% (95% CI 0.89-100%). The positive likelihood ratio was higher than 30, and the negative likelihood ratio was 0.09 (95% CI 0.04-0.26).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Measuring the length of the intracavitary line parallel to the interostial line at 10 mm from it and using a length ≤ of 10 mm as cut off value (the \"Rule of 10\") appears a simple and accurate 3D ultrasonographic method for the diagnosis of a T-shaped uterus.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"304","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics"}}},"pageStart":"1213","pageEnd":"1220","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-021-06147-y","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00404-021-06147-y"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34304295"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/art-in-europe-2017-results-generated-from-european-registries-by-eshre-mduqpvcu/","name":"ART in Europe, 2017: results generated from European registries by ESHRE","headline":"ART in Europe, 2017: results generated from European registries by ESHRE","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/art-in-europe-2017-results-generated-from-european-registries-by-eshre-mduqpvcu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine Wyns","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6581-5003","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03s4khd80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christian De Geyter","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0889-6310","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Basel","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02s6k3f65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carlos Calhaz-Jorge","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2941-113X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nuffield Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01w2zd907"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kupka MS","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6559-0580"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Motrenko T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Smeenk","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3053-0358","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00q6h8f30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Bergh","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sahlgrenska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vgqjj36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tandler-Schneider A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ioana Rugescu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1104-6269","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Romanian Space Agency","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05r48bj28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vidakovic S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4789-0464"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Goossens V; European IVF-monitoring Consortium (EIM); European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE)"}],"datePublished":"2021-07-22","abstract":"---\ntitle: \"ART in Europe, 2017: results generated from European registries by ESHRE\"\nsource_file: \"eshre-eim-2017-source.pdf\"\npages: 17\nextracted_date: \"2026-04-24\"\nfigures_extracted: 3\ntables_extracted: 5\nreview_flags: 7\njournal: \"Human Reproduction Open\"\nvolume: \"Vol.00, No.0\"\npages_range: \"1-17\"\nyear: 2021\ndoi: \"10.1093/hropen/hoab026\"\nauthors: \"Wyns C, De Geyter Ch, Calhaz-Jorge C, Kupka MS, Motrenko T, Smeenk J, Bergh C, Tandler-Schneider A, Rugescu IA, Vidakovic S, Goossens V\"\nconsortium: \"European IVF-Monitoring Consortium (EIM) for ESHRE\"\n---","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction Open"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hropen/hoab026","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/hropen/hoab026"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34377841"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cognitive-decline-is-associated-with-an-accelerated-rate-of-bone-loss-and-increa-rec7woinwhyyxcsvp/","name":"Cognitive decline is associated with an accelerated rate of bone loss and  increased fracture risk in women: a prospective study from the Canadian  Multicentre Osteoporosis Study","headline":"Cognitive decline is associated with an accelerated rate of bone loss and  increased fracture risk in women: a prospective study from the Canadian  Multicentre Osteoporosis Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cognitive-decline-is-associated-with-an-accelerated-rate-of-bone-loss-and-increa-rec7woinwhyyxcsvp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bliuc D, Tran T, Adachi JD, Atkins GJ, Berger C, van den Bergh J, Cappai R, Eisman JA, van Geel T, Geusens P, Goltzman D, Hanley DA, Josse R, Kaiser S, Kovacs CS, Langsetmo L, Prior JC, Nguyen TV, Solomon LB, Stapledon C, Center JR"}],"datePublished":"2021-07-22","abstract":"Cognitive decline and osteoporosis often coexist and some evidence suggests a causal link. However, there are no data on the longitudinal relationship between cognitive decline, bone loss and fracture risk, independent of aging. This study aimed to determine the association between: (i) cognitive decline and bone loss; and (ii) clinically significant cognitive decline (≥3 points) on Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) over the first 5 years and subsequent fracture risk over the following 10 years. A total of 1741 women and 620 men aged ≥65 years from the population-based Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study were followed from 1997 to 2013. Association between cognitive decline and (i) bone loss was estimated using mixed-effects models; and (ii) fracture risk was estimated using adjusted Cox models. Over 95% of participants had normal cognition at baseline (MMSE ≥ 24). The annual % change in MMSE was similar for both genders (women -0.33, interquartile range [IQR] -0.70 to +0.00; and men -0.34, IQR: -0.99 to 0.01). After multivariable adjustment, cognitive decline was associated with bone loss in women (6.5%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.2% to 9.9% for each percent decline in MMSE from baseline) but not men. Approximately 13% of participants experienced significant cognitive decline by year 5. In women, fracture risk was increased significantly (multivariable hazard ratio [HR], 1.61; 95% CI, 1.11 to 2.34). There were too few men to analyze. There was a significant association between cognitive decline and both bone loss and fracture risk, independent of aging, in women. Further studies are needed to determine mechanisms that link these common conditions.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"36","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Bone and Mineral Research : the Official Journal of the American  Society for Bone and Mineral Research"}}},"pageStart":"2106","pageEnd":"2115","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.4402","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/jbmr.4402"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34289172"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/synthetic-food-dyes-cause-testicular-damage-via-upregulation-of-proinflammatory--kfbwzufq/","name":"Synthetic Food dyes cause testicular damage via up-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and down-regulation of FSH-R and TESK-1 gene expression","headline":"Synthetic Food dyes cause testicular damage via up-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and down-regulation of FSH-R and TESK-1 gene expression","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/synthetic-food-dyes-cause-testicular-damage-via-upregulation-of-proinflammatory--kfbwzufq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Wopara I"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Modo EU"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mobisson SK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Olusegun GA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Umoren EB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Orji BO"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mounmbegna PE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ujunwa SO"}],"datePublished":"2021-07-21","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the effects of Tartrazine and Erythrosine (T+E) on the reproductive hormones and expression of some pro-inflammatory cytokines and testicular genes in testis of male Wistar rats.\n\nMETHODS: 25 male Wistar rats (150-180g) were divided into 5 groups (n=5). Group 1 received distilled water while groups 2, 3, 4 and 5 were treated with T+E (2.5mg/kg, 5mg/kg, 10mg/kg and 20mg/kg) for the period of 23 days. Toxicity studies of the combined dye were investigated by evaluating serum reproductive hormones [Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), Luteinizing hormone (LH), Testosterone], gene expression and profiling, and testes histology.\n\nRESULTS: male Wistar rats (150-180g) were divided into 5 groups (n=5). Group 1 received distilled water while groups 2, 3, 4 and 5 were treated with T+E (2.5mg/kg, 5mg/kg, 10mg/kg and 20mg/kg) for the period of 23 days. Toxicity studies of the combined dye were investigated by evaluating serum reproductive hormones [Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), Luteinizing hormone (LH), Testosterone], gene expression and profiling, and testes histology.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: This present study reveals that the dyes could impair testicular function as evident in the up-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and down-regulation of TESK-1 gene expression and architecture of the testes leading to Orchitis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"25","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JBRA assisted reproduction"}}},"pageStart":"341","pageEnd":"348","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.5935/1518-0557.20200097","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.5935/1518-0557.20200097"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33565293"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-adolescent-oral-contraceptive-use-and-future-major-depressiv-recpesc765an4ulus/","name":"Association between adolescent oral contraceptive use and future major depressive  disorder: a prospective cohort study","headline":"Association between adolescent oral contraceptive use and future major depressive  disorder: a prospective cohort study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-adolescent-oral-contraceptive-use-and-future-major-depressiv-recpesc765an4ulus/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine Anderl","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5035-4921","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anouk E de Wit","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9511-3118","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Medical Center Groningen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03cv38k47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Erik J Giltay","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8874-2292","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012p63287"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Frances S Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2322-1095","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Psychology University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Albertine J Oldehinkel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3925-3913","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}}],"datePublished":"2021-07-14","abstract":"Background: Because of the widespread use of oral contraceptives (OCs) and the devastating effects of depression both on an individual and a societal level, it is crucial to understand the nature of the previously reported relationship between OC use and depression risk. Insight into the impact of analytical choices on the association is important when interpreting available evidence. Hence, we examined the association between adolescent OC use and subsequent depression risk in early adulthood analyzing all theoretically justifiable models.\n\nMethods: Data from the prospective cohort study TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey, among women aged 13-25 years were used. Adolescent OC use (ages 16-19 years) was used as a predictor and major depressive disorder (MDD) in early adulthood (ages 20-25 years), as assessed by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV oriented Lifetime Depression Assessment Self-Report and the Composite International Diagnostic Interview, was used as an outcome. A total of 818 analytical models were analyzed using Specification Curve Analysis in 534 adolescent OC users and 191 nonusers.\n\nResults: Overall, there was an association of adolescent OC use and an episode of MDD in early adulthood [median odds ratio (OR)(median) = 1.41; OR(min) = 1.08; OR(max) = 2.18, p < .001], which was driven by the group of young women with no history of MDD (OR(median) = 1.72; OR(min) = 1.21; OR(max) = 2.18, p < .001).\n\nConclusions: In summary, adolescent OC use was associated with a small but robust increased risk for experiencing an episode of MDD, especially among women with no history of MDD in adolescence. Understanding the potential side effects of OCs will help women and their doctors to make informed choices when deciding among possible methods of birth control.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"63","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines"}}},"pageStart":"333","pageEnd":"341","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13476","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/jcpp.13476"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34254301"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/restorative-reproductive-medicine-for-infertility-in-two-family-medicine-clinics-recyiv7uvglmix9ex/","name":"Restorative reproductive medicine for infertility in two family medicine clinics  in New England, an observational study","headline":"Restorative reproductive medicine for infertility in two family medicine clinics  in New England, an observational study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/restorative-reproductive-medicine-for-infertility-in-two-family-medicine-clinics-recyiv7uvglmix9ex/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Benjamin Tingey","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0620-0858","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paul A Carpentier","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mount Wachusett Community College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02p6vh725"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Barbara Meier","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4030-0350","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"In His Image Family Medicine , Gardner, MA, USA"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mark Rollo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7612-2924","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Reliant Medical Group","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04saamx77"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2021-07-09","abstract":"Background: Restorative reproductive medicine (RRM) seeks to identify and correct underlying causes and factors contributing to infertility and reproductive dysfunction. Many components of RRM are highly suitable for primary care practice. We studied the outcomes amongst couples who received restorative reproductive medicine treatment for infertility in a primary care setting.\n\nMethods: Two family physicians in Massachusetts trained in a systematic approach to RRM (natural procreative technology, or NaProTechnology) treated couples with infertility. We retrospectively reviewed the characteristics, diagnoses, treatments, and outcomes for all couples treated during the years 1989 to 2014. We compared pregnancy and live birth by clinical characteristics using Kaplan-Meier analysis. We employed the Fleming-Harrington weighted Renyi test or the logrank test to compare the cumulative proportion with pregnancy or with live birth.\n\nResults: Among 370 couples beginning treatment for infertility, the mean age was 34.8 years, the mean prior time trying to conceive was 2.7 years, and 27% had a prior live birth. The mean number of diagnoses per couple was 4.9. Treatment components included fertility tracking with the Creighton Model FertilityCare System (80%); medications to enhance cervical mucus production (81%), to stimulate ovulation (62%), or to support the luteal phase (75%); and referral to female laparoscopy by a surgeon specializing in endometriosis (46%). The cumulative live birth rate at 2 years was 29% overall; this was significantly higher for women under age 35 (34%), and for women with body mass index < 25 (40%). There were 2 sets of twins and no higher-order multiple gestations. Of the 63 births with data available, 58 (92%) occurred at term.\n\nConclusions: Family physicians can provide a RRM approach for infertility to identify underlying causes and promote healthy term live births. Younger women and women with body mass index < 25 are more likely to have a live birth.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth"}}},"pageStart":"495","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-021-03946-8","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s12884-021-03946-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34233646"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/contraceptive-progestins-with-androgenic-properties-stimulate-breast-epithelial--9kkhtezs/","name":"Contraceptive progestins with androgenic properties stimulate breast epithelial cell proliferation","headline":"Contraceptive progestins with androgenic properties stimulate breast epithelial cell proliferation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/contraceptive-progestins-with-androgenic-properties-stimulate-breast-epithelial--9kkhtezs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Shamseddin M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"De Martino F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Constantin C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Scabia V"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lancelot AS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laszlo C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ayyannan A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Battista L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Raffoul W"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gailloud-Matthieu MC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bucher P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fiche M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Ambrosini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6205-1856","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Padua","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00240q980"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sflomos G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Brisken","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6857-3230","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44"}}],"datePublished":"2021-07-07","abstract":"Hormonal contraception exposes women to synthetic progesterone receptor (PR) agonists, progestins, and transiently increases breast cancer risk. How progesterone and progestins affect the breast epithelium is poorly understood because we lack adequate models to study this. We hypothesized that individual progestins differentially affect breast epithelial cell proliferation and hence breast cancer risk. Using mouse mammary tissue ex vivo, we show that testosterone-related progestins induce the PR target and mediator of PR signaling-induced cell proliferation receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (Rankl), whereas progestins with anti-androgenic properties in reporter assays do not. We develop intraductal xenografts of human breast epithelial cells from 36 women, show they remain hormone-responsive and that progesterone and the androgenic progestins, desogestrel, gestodene, and levonorgestrel, promote proliferation but the anti-androgenic, chlormadinone, and cyproterone acetate, do not. Prolonged exposure to androgenic progestins elicits hyperproliferation with cytologic changes. Androgen receptor inhibition interferes with PR agonist- and levonorgestrel-induced RANKL expression and reduces levonorgestrel-driven cell proliferation. Thus, different progestins have distinct biological activities in the breast epithelium to be considered for more informed choices in hormonal contraception.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"EMBO molecular medicine"}}},"pageStart":"e14314","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.15252/emmm.202114314","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.15252/emmm.202114314"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34042278"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evidencebased-outcomes-after-oocyte-cryopreservation-for-donor-oocyte-in-vitro-f-3cvnqtgj/","name":"Evidence-based outcomes after oocyte cryopreservation for donor oocyte in vitro fertilization and planned oocyte cryopreservation: a guideline","headline":"Evidence-based outcomes after oocyte cryopreservation for donor oocyte in vitro fertilization and planned oocyte cryopreservation: a guideline","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evidencebased-outcomes-after-oocyte-cryopreservation-for-donor-oocyte-in-vitro-f-3cvnqtgj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Electronic address: asrm@asrm.org"}],"datePublished":"2021-07-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To provide evidence-based recommendations to practicing physicians and others regarding the efficacy of oocyte cryopreservation (OC) for donor oocyte in vitro fertilization and planned OC.\n\nMETHODS: The American Society for Reproductive Medicine conducted a literature search, which included systematic reviews, meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, and prospective and retrospective comparative observational studies published from 1986 to 2018. The American Society for Reproductive Medicine Practice Committee and a task force of experts used available evidence and through consensus developed evidence-based guideline recommendations.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Outcomes of interest included live birth rate, clinical pregnancy rate, obstetrical and neonatal outcomes, and factors predicting reproductive outcomes.\n\nRESULT(S): The literature search identified 30 relevant studies to inform the evidence base for this guideline.\n\nRECOMMENDATION(S): Evidence-based recommendations were developed for predicting the likelihood of live births after planned OC, autologous OC in infertile women, and donor OC, as well as factors that may impact live birth rates. Recommendations were developed regarding neonatal outcomes after using fresh vs. cryopreserved oocytes in cases of autologous or donor oocytes.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): There is insufficient evidence to predict live birth rates after planned OC. On the basis of limited data, ongoing and live birth rates appear to be improved for women who undergo planned OC at a younger vs. older age. Although there are no significant differences in per transfer pregnancy rates with cryopreserved vs. fresh donor oocytes, there is insufficient evidence that the live birth rate is the same with vitrified vs. fresh donor oocytes. Neonatal outcomes appear similar with cryopreserved oocytes compared with fresh oocytes. Future studies that compare cumulative live birth rates are needed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"116","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"36","pageEnd":"47","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.02.024","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.02.024"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34148587"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/disparities-in-access-to-effective-treatment-for-infertility-in-the-united-state-6drv0dwu/","name":"Disparities in access to effective treatment for infertility in the United States: an Ethics Committee opinion","headline":"Disparities in access to effective treatment for infertility in the United States: an Ethics Committee opinion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/disparities-in-access-to-effective-treatment-for-infertility-in-the-united-state-6drv0dwu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ethics Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Electronic address: asrm@asrm.org"}],"datePublished":"2021-07-01","abstract":"In the United States, economic, racial, ethnic, geographic, and other disparities prevent access to fertility treatment and affect treatment outcomes. This opinion examines the factors that contribute to these disparities, proposes actions to address them, and replaces the document of the same name, last published in 2015.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"116","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"54","pageEnd":"63","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.02.019","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.02.019"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34148590"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/misrepresentation-of-contraceptive-effectiveness-rates-for-fertility-awareness-m-rjxwfcoi/","name":"Misrepresentation of contraceptive effectiveness rates for fertility awareness methods of family planning","headline":"Misrepresentation of contraceptive effectiveness rates for fertility awareness methods of family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/misrepresentation-of-contraceptive-effectiveness-rates-for-fertility-awareness-m-rjxwfcoi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph Turner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6443-2708","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Queensland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00rqy9422"}}],"datePublished":"2021-07-01","abstract":"AIM: Simplified contraceptive method-efficacy and/or typical-use effectiveness rates are commonly used for direct comparison of the various contraceptive methods. Use of such effectiveness rates in this manner is, however, problematic in relation to the fertility awareness methods (FAMs). The aim of this review is to critically examine current international representation of contraceptive effectiveness for the various FAMs in clinical use. This review also details important issues when appraising and interpreting studies on FAMs used for avoiding pregnancy.\n\nMETHODS: Current international literature regarding contraceptive effectiveness of FAMs was surveyed and appraised. This included World Health Organization and Centers for Disease Control (USA) resources, key clinical studies and recent systematic reviews. Chinese literature was also searched, since these data have not been reported in the English literature.\n\nRESULTS: Reliance on certain historical studies has led to the misrepresentation of contraceptive effectiveness of FAMs by perpetuation of inaccurate figures in clinical guidelines, the international literature and the public domain. Interpretation of published study results for FAMs is difficult due to variability in study methodology and other clinical trial quality issues. Recent systematic analyses have noted the considerable issues with study designs and limitations. Several non-English published studies using the Billings Ovulation Method have demonstrated that a broader review of the literature is required to better capture the data potentially available.\n\nCONCLUSION: A deeper understanding by clinicians and the public of the applicability of contraceptive effectiveness rates of the various FAMs is needed, instead of reliance on the inaccurate conglomerate figures that are widely presented.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"47","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research"}}},"pageStart":"2271","pageEnd":"2277","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/jog.14593","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104466350"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/jog.14593"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33314492"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q104466350"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/does-vitamin-d-supplementation-improve-ovarian-reserve-in-women-with-diminished--7nlkkssr/","name":"Does vitamin D supplementation improve ovarian reserve in women with diminished ovarian reserve and vitamin D deficiency: a before-and-after intervention study","headline":"Does vitamin D supplementation improve ovarian reserve in women with diminished ovarian reserve and vitamin D deficiency: a before-and-after intervention study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/does-vitamin-d-supplementation-improve-ovarian-reserve-in-women-with-diminished--7nlkkssr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Aramesh S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4979-4385"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alifarja T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jannesar R","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4928-7239"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ghaffari P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vanda R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bazarganipour F","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4065-7720"}],"datePublished":"2021-06-21","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of vitamin D supplementation on ovarian reserve in women with diminished ovarian reserve and vitamin D deficiency.\n\nMETHODS: The study is a before-and-after intervention study that was performed on women with diminished ovarian reserve referred to Shahid Mofteh Clinic in Yasuj, Iran. Eligible women were prescribed vitamin D tablets at a dose of 50,000 units weekly for up to 3 months. Serum levels of vitamin D and AMH were evaluated at the end of 3 months. Significance level was also considered P ≤ 0.05.\n\nRESULTS: Our results have been showed there was a statistically significant difference in vitamin D levels of participants before [12.1(6.5)] and after [26(9.15)] the intervention (P < 0.001). Moreover, there was a statistically significant difference in serum AMH levels of participants before [0.50(0.44)] and after [0.79(0.15)] the intervention (P=0.02 ).\n\nCONCLUSION: In conclusion, the results of the current study support a possible favorable effect of vitamin D on increase AMH expression by acting on the AMH gene promoter. Therefore, it is possible that vitamin D increases AMH levels without changing the antral follicle count/ovarian reserve.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMC endocrine disorders"}}},"pageStart":"126","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12902-021-00786-7","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s12902-021-00786-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34154571"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/analysis-of-media-outlets-on-womens-health-thematic-and-quantitative-analyses-us-rec6ciyxpovaxsg3c/","name":"Analysis of Media Outlets on Women's Health: Thematic and Quantitative Analyses  Using Twitter","headline":"Analysis of Media Outlets on Women's Health: Thematic and Quantitative Analyses  Using Twitter","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/analysis-of-media-outlets-on-womens-health-thematic-and-quantitative-analyses-us-rec6ciyxpovaxsg3c/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lopez-Del Burgo C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Melchor Alvarez-Mon","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcala, Alcalá de Henares, Spain."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carolina Donat-Vargas","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alfredo Gea","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria Llavero-Valero","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Infanta Leonor Hospital, Madrid, Spain."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cristina Lopez-Del Burgo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Miguel A Martinez-Gonzalez","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain."}}],"datePublished":"2021-06-18","abstract":"Background: Media outlets influence social attitudes toward health habits. The analysis of tweets has become a tool for health researchers.\n\nObjective: The objective of this study was to investigate the distribution of tweets about women's health and the interest generated among Twitter users.\n\nMethods: We investigated tweets posted by 25 major U.S. media outlets about pre-menopausal and post-menopausal women's health between January 2009 and December 2019 as well as the retweets generated. In addition, we measured the sentiment analysis of these tweets as well as their potential dissemination.\n\nResults: A total of 376 tweets were analyzed. Pre-menopausal women's health accounted for most of the tweets (75.3%). Contraception was the main focus of the tweets, while a very limited number were related to infertility (1.4%). With regard to medical content, the effectiveness of contraceptive methods was the most frequent topic (46.2%). However, tweets related to side effects achieved the highest retweet-to-tweet ratio (70.3). The analysis of sentiments showed negative perceptions on tubal ligation.\n\nConclusions: The U.S. media outlets analyzed are more interested in pre-menopausal than in post-menopausal women health and focused their content on contraception, while Twitter users showed greater interest in side effects.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Public Health"}},"pageStart":"644284","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.644284","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fpubh.2021.644284"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34136450"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mrna-covid19-vaccines-in-pregnant-women-eayrpahh/","name":"mRNA Covid-19 Vaccines in Pregnant Women","headline":"mRNA Covid-19 Vaccines in Pregnant Women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mrna-covid19-vaccines-in-pregnant-women-eayrpahh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Riley LE"}],"datePublished":"2021-06-17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"384","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England journal of medicine"}}},"pageStart":"2342","pageEnd":"2343","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMe2107070","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJMe2107070"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34133864"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/interventions-to-prevent-preterm-delivery-in-women-with-short-cervix-before-feto-recr3u4caymf7wf71/","name":"Interventions to prevent preterm delivery in women with short cervix before  fetoscopic laser surgery for twin-twin transfusion syndrome","headline":"Interventions to prevent preterm delivery in women with short cervix before  fetoscopic laser surgery for twin-twin transfusion syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/interventions-to-prevent-preterm-delivery-in-women-with-short-cervix-before-feto-recr3u4caymf7wf71/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jena L. Miller","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0189-8265","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Henry L. Galan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3403-2241","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Children's Hospital Colorado","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00mj9k629"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Habli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7712-3223","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01hcyya48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J L Peiro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2272-1381","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01hcyya48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Snowise","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8200-3958","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"VA Midwest Health Care Network","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02f2rgc17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Fisher","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3331-7886","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"VA Midwest Health Care Network","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02f2rgc17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Macpherson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8868-4912","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"George Washington University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00y4zzh67"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Thom","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1395-3527","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"George Washington University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00y4zzh67"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudia Pedroza","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4235-1282","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Clinical Research (United States)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05fnzzk18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anthony Johnson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9792-7682","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial Hermann","sameAs":"https://ror.org/049d9a475"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Baschat","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1927-2084","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Behrendt","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Children's Hospital Colorado","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00mj9k629"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E P Bergh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6276-854X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial Hermann","sameAs":"https://ror.org/049d9a475"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Blackwell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial Hermann","sameAs":"https://ror.org/049d9a475"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Brock","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8752-5920","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial Hermann","sameAs":"https://ror.org/049d9a475"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cara Buskmiller","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1313-1192","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women’s Health, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Miller","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7229-5093","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins Center for Fetal Therapy, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Papanna","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3801-346X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial Hermann","sameAs":"https://ror.org/049d9a475"}}],"datePublished":"2021-06-16","abstract":"Objective: Preoperative short cervical length (CL) remains a major risk factor for preterm birth after laser surgery for twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS), but the optimal intervention to prolong pregnancy remains elusive. The objective of this study was to compare secondary methods for the prevention of preterm birth in twin pregnancies with TTTS undergoing fetoscopic laser photocoagulation (FLP), in the setting of a short cervix at the time of FLP, in five North American Fetal Treatment Network (NAFTNet) centers.\n\nMethods: This was a secondary analysis of data collected prospectively at five NAFTNet centers, conducted from January 2013 to March 2020. Inclusion criteria were a monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancy complicated by TTTS, undergoing FLP, with preoperative CL < 30 mm. Management options for a short cervix included expectant management, vaginal progesterone, pessary (Arabin, incontinence or Bioteque cup), cervical cerclage or a combination of two or more treatments. Patients were not included if the intervention was initiated solely on the basis of having a twin gestation rather than at the diagnosis of a short cervix. Demographics, ultrasound characteristics, operative data and outcomes were compared. The primary outcome was FLP-to-delivery interval. Propensity-score matching was performed, with each treatment group matched (1:1) to the expectant-management group for CL, in order to estimate the effect of each treatment on the FLP-to-delivery interval.\n\nResults: A total of 255 women with a twin pregnancy complicated by TTTS and a short cervix undergoing FLP were included in the study. Of these, 151 (59%) were managed expectantly, 32 (13%) had vaginal progesterone only, 21 (8%) had pessary only, 21 (8%) had cervical cerclage only and 30 (12%) had a combination of treatments. A greater proportion of patients in the combined-treatment group had had a prior preterm birth compared with those in the expectant-management group (33% vs 9%; P = 0.01). Mean preoperative CL was shorter in the pessary, cervical-cerclage and combined-treatment groups (14-16 mm) than in the expectant-management and vaginal-progesterone groups (22 mm for both) (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in FLP-to-delivery interval between the groups, nor in gestational age at delivery or the rate of live birth or neonatal survival. Vaginal progesterone was associated with a decrease in the risk of delivery before 28 weeks' gestation compared with cervical cerclage and combined treatment (P = 0.03). Using propensity-score matching for CL, cervical cerclage was associated with a reduction in FLP-to-delivery interval of 13 days, as compared with expectant management.\n\nConclusions: A large proportion of pregnancies with TTTS and a short maternal cervix undergoing FLP were managed expectantly for a short cervix, establishing a high (62%) risk of delivery before 32 weeks in this condition. No treatment that significantly improved outcome was identified; however, there were significant differences in potential confounders and there were also likely to be unmeasured confounders. Cervical cerclage should not be offered as a secondary prevention for preterm birth in twin pregnancies with TTTS and a short cervix undergoing FLP. A large randomized controlled trial is urgently needed to determine the effects of treatments for the prevention of preterm birth in these pregnancies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"59","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology : the Official Journal of the International  Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"169","pageEnd":"176","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.23708","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/uog.23708"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34129709"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nacetylcysteine-nac-impacts-on-human-health-phkkr721/","name":"N-Acetylcysteine (NAC): Impacts on Human Health","headline":"N-Acetylcysteine (NAC): Impacts on Human Health","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nacetylcysteine-nac-impacts-on-human-health-phkkr721/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Tenório MCDS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Graciliano NG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Moura FA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Oliveira ACM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Goulart MOF"}],"datePublished":"2021-06-16","abstract":"N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a medicine widely used to treat paracetamol overdose and as a mucolytic compound. It has a well-established safety profile, and its toxicity is uncommon and dependent on the route of administration and high dosages. Its remarkable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity is the biochemical basis used to treat several diseases related to oxidative stress and inflammation. The primary role of NAC as an antioxidant stems from its ability to increase the intracellular concentration of glutathione (GSH), which is the most crucial biothiol responsible for cellular redox imbalance. As an anti-inflammatory compound, NAC can reduce levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukins (IL-6 and IL-1β) by suppressing the activity of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). Despite NAC's relevant therapeutic potential, in several experimental studies, its effectiveness in clinical trials, addressing different pathological conditions, is still limited. Thus, the purpose of this chapter is to provide an overview of the medicinal effects and applications of NAC to human health based on current therapeutic evidence.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10060967","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/antiox10060967"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34208683"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/faster-lumbar-spine-bone-loss-in-midlife-predicts-subsequent-fracture-independen-rf142b2z/","name":"Faster Lumbar Spine Bone Loss in Midlife Predicts Subsequent Fracture Independent of Starting Bone Mineral Density","headline":"Faster Lumbar Spine Bone Loss in Midlife Predicts Subsequent Fracture Independent of Starting Bone Mineral Density","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/faster-lumbar-spine-bone-loss-in-midlife-predicts-subsequent-fracture-independen-rf142b2z/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Shieh A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0695-7976"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karlamangla AS","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2293-6064"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Huang MH","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9028-6857"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wenchao Han","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7507-2450","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Pediatrics, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao 266071, China. Electronic address: hanwenchaodr@outlook.com."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Greendale GA","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1054-1081"}],"datePublished":"2021-06-16","abstract":"CONTEXT: Bone mineral density (BMD) decreases rapidly during menopause transition (MT), and continues to decline in postmenopause.\n\nOBJECTIVE: This work aims to examine whether faster BMD loss during the combined MT and early postmenopause is associated with incident fracture, independent of starting BMD, before the MT.\n\nMETHODS: The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation, a longitudinal cohort study, included 451 women, initially premenopausal or early perimenopausal, and those transitioned to postmenopause. Main outcome measures included time to first fracture after early postmenopause.\n\nRESULTS: In Cox proportional hazards regression, adjusted for age, body mass index, race/ethnicity, study site, use of vitamin D and calcium supplements, and use of bone-detrimental or -beneficial medications, each SD decrement in lumbar spine (LS) BMD before MT was associated with a 78% increment in fracture hazard (P = .007). Each 1% per year faster decline in LS BMD was related to a 56% greater fracture hazard (P = .04). Rate of LS BMD decline predicted future fracture, independent of starting BMD. Women with a starting LS BMD below the sample median, and an LS BMD decline rate faster than the sample median had a 2.7-fold greater fracture hazard (P = .03). At the femoral neck, neither starting BMD nor rate of BMD decline was associated with fracture.\n\nCONCLUSION: At the LS, starting BMD before the MT and rate of decline during the combined MT and early postmenopause are independent risk factors for fracture. Women with a below-median starting LS BMD and a faster-than-median LS BMD decline have the greatest fracture risk.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"106","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"e2491-e2501","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgab279","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/clinem/dgab279"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33903908"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-accuracy-of-wrist-skin-temperature-in-detecting-ovulation-compared-to-basal--dpm6g4lg/","name":"The Accuracy of Wrist Skin Temperature in Detecting Ovulation Compared to Basal Body Temperature: Prospective Comparative Diagnostic Accuracy Study","headline":"The Accuracy of Wrist Skin Temperature in Detecting Ovulation Compared to Basal Body Temperature: Prospective Comparative Diagnostic Accuracy Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-accuracy-of-wrist-skin-temperature-in-detecting-ovulation-compared-to-basal--dpm6g4lg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhu TY","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0500-0865"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rothenbühler M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8009-4104"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Györgyi Hamvas","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4241-9251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ava AG, Zurich, Switzerland."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hofmann A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6536-6180"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Welter J","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1458-6121"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kahr M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1783-5915"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kimmich N","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0789-425X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mohaned Shilaih","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5584-5575","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ava AG, Zurich, Switzerland.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01462r250"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brigitte Leeners","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6137-7499","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital of Zurich","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01462r250"}}],"datePublished":"2021-06-08","abstract":"BACKGROUND: As a daily point measurement, basal body temperature (BBT) might not be able to capture the temperature shift in the menstrual cycle because a single temperature measurement is present on the sliding scale of the circadian rhythm. Wrist skin temperature measured continuously during sleep has the potential to overcome this limitation.\n\nOBJECTIVE: This study compares the diagnostic accuracy of these two temperatures for detecting ovulation and to investigate the correlation and agreement between these two temperatures in describing thermal changes in menstrual cycles.\n\nMETHODS: This prospective study included 193 cycles (170 ovulatory and 23 anovulatory) collected from 57 healthy women. Participants wore a wearable device (Ava Fertility Tracker bracelet 2.0) that continuously measured the wrist skin temperature during sleep. Daily BBT was measured orally and immediately upon waking up using a computerized fertility tracker with a digital thermometer (Lady-Comp). An at-home luteinizing hormone test was used as the reference standard for ovulation. The diagnostic accuracy of using at least one temperature shift detected by the two temperatures in detecting ovulation was evaluated. For ovulatory cycles, repeated measures correlation was used to examine the correlation between the two temperatures, and mixed effect models were used to determine the agreement between the two temperature curves at different menstrual phases.\n\nRESULTS: Wrist skin temperature was more sensitive than BBT (sensitivity 0.62 vs 0.23; P<.001) and had a higher true-positive rate (54.9% vs 20.2%) for detecting ovulation; however, it also had a higher false-positive rate (8.8% vs 3.6%), resulting in lower specificity (0.26 vs 0.70; P=.002). The probability that ovulation occurred when at least one temperature shift was detected was 86.2% for wrist skin temperature and 84.8% for BBT. Both temperatures had low negative predictive values (8.8% for wrist skin temperature and 10.9% for BBT). Significant positive correlation between the two temperatures was only found in the follicular phase (rmcorr correlation coefficient=0.294; P=.001). Both temperatures increased during the postovulatory phase with a greater increase in the wrist skin temperature (range of increase: 0.50 °C vs 0.20 °C). During the menstrual phase, the wrist skin temperature exhibited a greater and more rapid decrease (from 36.13 °C to 35.80 °C) than BBT (from 36.31 °C to 36.27 °C). During the preovulatory phase, there were minimal changes in both temperatures and small variations in the estimated daily difference between the two temperatures, indicating an agreement between the two curves.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: For women interested in maximizing the chances of pregnancy, wrist skin temperature continuously measured during sleep is more sensitive than BBT for detecting ovulation. The difference in the diagnostic accuracy of these methods was likely attributed to the greater temperature increase in the postovulatory phase and greater temperature decrease during the menstrual phase for the wrist skin temperatures.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"23","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of medical Internet research"}}},"pageStart":"e20710","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.2196/20710","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2196/20710"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34100763"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/synthetic-textile-and-microfiber-pollution-a-review-on-mitigation-strategies-xvg9fkyx/","name":"Synthetic textile and microfiber pollution: a review on mitigation strategies","headline":"Synthetic textile and microfiber pollution: a review on mitigation strategies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/synthetic-textile-and-microfiber-pollution-a-review-on-mitigation-strategies-xvg9fkyx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ramasamy R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Subramanian RB"}],"datePublished":"2021-06-08","abstract":"Microfiber pollution is one of the recent threats to sustainability. Due to the increased use of synthetic textiles, microplastic fiber release to the environment has increased exponentially. This review aims to analyze the existing literature to identify the potential preventive measures to control microfiber pollution. The review consolidates the findings under the textile properties and laundry product category. The review results show that the use of finer count yarns with filaments and compact structures reduces microfiber shedding. Similarly, mechanical finishes like shearing and raising increase the microfiber release as they damage the fabric structure. A significant increment is noted in microfiber reduction percentage after the chemical (coating) finishing process. In the case of commercial products, the available external laundry filters are reported as more efficient than the in-drum devices in the market. An analysis of the existing regulatory norms showed that very few countries had developed their laws, and no global regulation and standards were found to test microfiber pollution. In the case of laundry filters, though they filter microfiber effectively, they do not prevent it, so it can be a control measure and not a solution for the issue. Out of the review results, it is identified that controlling the textile parameter is the only effective strategy to prevent the microfiber shedding from the synthetic textile. A proper production method and parameter will yield a textile that sheds lesser or no microfiber. However, no detailed research works are found in correlating these parameters together and indicate the potential scope for future research.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"28","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"31","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research"}}},"pageStart":"41596","pageEnd":"41611","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-14763-z","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66700515"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s11356-021-14763-z"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q66700515"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-ethics-of-assisted-reproduction-technology-a-catholic-perspective-recmzjrdyuznca2tw/","name":"The ethics of assisted reproduction technology: A catholic perspective","headline":"The ethics of assisted reproduction technology: A catholic perspective","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-ethics-of-assisted-reproduction-technology-a-catholic-perspective-recmzjrdyuznca2tw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph Tham","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7403-9791","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontifical Athenaeum Regina Apostolorum","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01qv7e222"}}],"datePublished":"2021-06-04","abstract":"This paper looks at the ethics of assisted reproductive technology (ART) from the perspective of the Catholic Church. The three criteria of evaluation of the ethics of ART are the right to life and physical integrity of human beings, the unity of marriage, and the value of human sexuality. The paper examines the arguments based on these criteria carefully, as they apply to in vitro fertilization which is the most common ART method. It concludes that most ART methods would be unacceptable, but there are new alternatives like NaProTechnology that is promising for infertile couples.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Bioethics Update"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.24875/BUP.M20000005","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.24875/BUP.M20000005"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/urinary-phthalate-metabolite-concentrations-and-hot-flashes-in-women-from-an-urb-3go8qlbf/","name":"Urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations and hot flashes in women from an urban convenience sample of midlife women","headline":"Urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations and hot flashes in women from an urban convenience sample of midlife women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/urinary-phthalate-metabolite-concentrations-and-hot-flashes-in-women-from-an-urb-3go8qlbf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Warner GR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pacyga DC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Strakovsky RS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Smith","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"John Hunter Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0187t0j49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tamarra James-Todd"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Williams PL","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7160-574X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hauser R","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1899-3982"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Meling DD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Z Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3576-5973","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jv2qv86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jodi A Flaws","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5579-9268","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047426m28"}}],"datePublished":"2021-06-01","abstract":"CONTEXT: Phthalate exposure is associated with altered reproductive function, but little is known about associations of phthalate exposure with risk of hot flashes.\n\nOBJECTIVE: To investigate associations of urinary phthalate metabolite levels with four hot flash outcomes in midlife women.\n\nDESIGN: A cross-sectional study of the first year of a prospective cohort of midlife women, the Midlife Women's Health Study (2006-2015), a convenience sample from an urban setting.\n\nPARTICIPANTS: 728 multi-racial/ethnic pre- and perimenopausal women aged 45-54 years.\n\nOUTCOME MEASURES: Women completed questionnaires about hot flash experience and provided 1-4 urine samples over four consecutive weeks that were pooled for analysis. Phthalate metabolites were assessed individually and as molar sums representative of common compounds (all phthalates: ƩPhthalates; DEHP: ƩDEHP), exposure sources (plastics: ƩPlastic; personal care products: ƩPCP), and modes of action (anti-androgenic: ƩAA). Covariate-adjusted logistic regression models were used to assess associations of continuous natural log-transformed phthalate metabolite concentrations with hot flash outcomes. Analyses were conducted to explore whether associations differed by menopause status, body mass index (BMI), race/ethnicity, and depressive symptoms.\n\nRESULTS: Overall, 45% of women reported a history of hot flashes. Compared to women who never experienced hot flashes, every two-fold increase in ƩPlastic was associated with 18% (OR: 1.18; 95%CI: 0.98, 1.43) and 38% (OR: 1.38; 95%CI: 1.11, 1.70) higher odds of experiencing hot flashes in the past 30 days and experiencing daily/weekly hot flashes, respectively. Some associations of phthalates with certain hot flash outcomes differed by menopause status, BMI, race/ethnicity, and depressive symptoms.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that phthalates are associated with hot flash experience and may impact hot flash risk in women who are susceptible to experiencing hot flashes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"197","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environmental research"}},"pageStart":"110891","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2021.110891","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.envres.2021.110891"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33722529"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/examining-the-effects-of-herbs-on-testosterone-concentrations-in-men-a-systemati-5vlcamqo/","name":"Examining the Effects of Herbs on Testosterone Concentrations in Men: A Systematic Review","headline":"Examining the Effects of Herbs on Testosterone Concentrations in Men: A Systematic Review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/examining-the-effects-of-herbs-on-testosterone-concentrations-in-men-a-systemati-5vlcamqo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Smith SJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lopresti AL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Teo SYM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fairchild TJ"}],"datePublished":"2021-06-01","abstract":"Testosterone concentrations in males tend to decline with advancing age. Low testosterone, also known as androgen deficiency (AD), is associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Currently, the primary treatment for AD is testosterone replacement therapy (TRT), which may exacerbate pre-existing medical conditions. Therefore, the use of alternative options, such as herbs, spices, plants, or their extracts, has been explored as a potential treatment option for AD. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize and critically evaluate randomized controlled trials published on the efficacy of single herbal ingredients on testosterone concentrations, in addition to its fractions or binding proteins, in men (≥18 y). From the 4 databases searched, there were 13 herbs identified in 32 studies, published between 2001 and 2019. The main findings of this review indicate that 2 herbal extracts, fenugreek seed extracts and ashwagandha root and root/leaf extracts, have positive effects on testosterone concentrations in men. Also, some evidence exists for another herb and herbal extract, Asian red ginseng and forskohlii root extract. Overall, 9 out of 32 studies demonstrated statistically significant increases in testosterone concentrations. Moreover, 6 studies out of 32 were judged as having a low risk of bias. Current evidence is largely based on young, nonclinical populations, with 16 out of 32 studies using men <40 y of age. Conclusions are moderated by the paucity of research for many herbs, the variation in dosages and extracts used, small sample sizes, and the heterogeneity of study characteristics. Also, further research is required before definitive conclusions on efficacy and safety can be made. This systematic review was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42020173623.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.)"}}},"pageStart":"744","pageEnd":"765","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmaa134","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333494"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/advances/nmaa134"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33150931"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q101333494"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-treatment-2019-trends-and-figures-recwuw3av6oqtmacy/","name":"Fertility Treatment 2019: Trends and Figures","headline":"Fertility Treatment 2019: Trends and Figures","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-treatment-2019-trends-and-figures-recwuw3av6oqtmacy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority"}],"datePublished":"2021-06-01","abstract":"# Fertility treatment 2019: trends and figures\nUK statistics for IVF and DI treatment, storage, and donation\nPublished: May 2021\nFertility trends is our annual statistical release. The key findings are published on this page with a statistical appendix available for download.\n[**Download the underlying dataset as .xlsx**](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/media/jvqloejj/2021-05-13-fertility-treatment-2019-trends-and-figures-underlying-data.xlsx \"2021 05 Fertility Treatment 2019 Trends and Figures Underlying Data\").\n## Table of contents\n- [Main points](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/fertility-treatment-2019-trends-and-figures/#mainpoints)\n- [30 years of the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA)](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/fertility-treatment-2019-trends-and-figures/#introduction)\n- [Section 1. IVF birth rates in 2019 were three times higher than in 1991](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/fertility-treatment-2019-trends-and-figures/#Section1)\n- [Section 2. Great progress has been made in the reduction of multiple births, which now stands at 6%](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/fertility-treatment-2019-trends-and-figures/#Section2)\n- [Section 3. Single embryo transfer is now common practice](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/fertility-treatment-2019-trends-and-figures/#Section3)\n- [Section 4. Frozen embryo transfers have increased in use](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/fertility-treatment-2019-trends-and-figures/#Section4)\n- [Section 5. The use of donor eggs and sperm has increased](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/fertility-treatment-2019-trends-and-figures/#Section5)\n- [Section 6. Fertility treatment has enabled more people to have families later](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-dat...","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/phthalates-and-their-impacts-on-human-health-eba3htru/","name":"Phthalates and Their Impacts on Human Health","headline":"Phthalates and Their Impacts on Human Health","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/phthalates-and-their-impacts-on-human-health-eba3htru/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yuanyuan Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7687-7816","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"City of Hope","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01z1vct10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qian H"}],"datePublished":"2021-05-18","abstract":"Phthalates are a series of widely used chemicals that demonstrate to be endocrine disruptors and are detrimental to human health. Phthalates can be found in most products that have contact with plastics during producing, packaging, or delivering. Despite the short half-lives in tissues, chronic exposure to phthalates will adversely influence the endocrine system and functioning of multiple organs, which has negative long-term impacts on the success of pregnancy, child growth and development, and reproductive systems in both young children and adolescents. Several countries have established restrictions and regulations on some types of phthalates; however, we think that more countries should establish constraints or substitute measures for phthalates to reduce health risks. This article aims to summarize the adverse impacts of phthalates on human health, analyze the toxicity mechanism, assess the risks, and finally provide feasible strategies to reduce exposure of the public to phthalates.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9050603","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/healthcare9050603"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34069956"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cervical-mucus-patterns-and-the-fertile-window-in-women-without-known-subfertili-recblmjkcpxotroec/","name":"Cervical mucus patterns and the fertile window in women without known subfertility: a pooled analysis of three cohorts","headline":"Cervical mucus patterns and the fertile window in women without known subfertility: a pooled analysis of three cohorts","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cervical-mucus-patterns-and-the-fertile-window-in-women-without-known-subfertili-recblmjkcpxotroec/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M J Egger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8886-7837","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Utah Department of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/034de1n65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shahpar Najmabadi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4763-4310","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christina A Porucznik","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1973-2917","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S E Simonsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-7671","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2021-05-16","abstract":"STUDY QUESTION: What is the normal range of cervical mucus patterns and number of days with high or moderate day-specific probability of pregnancy (if intercourse occurs on a specific day) based on cervical mucus secretion, in women without known subfertility, and how are these patterns related to parity and age?\n\nSUMMARY ANSWER: The mean days of peak type (estrogenic) mucus per cycle was 6.4, the mean number of potentially fertile days was 12.1; parous versus nulliparous, and younger nulliparous (<30 years) versus older nulliparous women had more days of peak type mucus, and more potentially fertile days in each cycle.\n\nWHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: The rise in estrogen prior to ovulation supports the secretion of increasing quantity and estrogenic quality of cervical mucus, and the subsequent rise in progesterone after ovulation causes an abrupt decrease in mucus secretion. Cervical mucus secretion on each day correlates highly with the probability of pregnancy if intercourse occurs on that day, and overall cervical mucus quality for the cycle correlates with cycle fecundability. No prior studies have described parity and age jointly in relation to cervical mucus patterns.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: This study is a secondary data analysis, combining data from three cohorts of women: 'Creighton Model MultiCenter Fecundability Study' (CMFS: retrospective cohort, 1990-1996), 'Time to Pregnancy in Normal Fertility' (TTP: randomized trial, 2003-2006), and 'Creighton Model Effectiveness, Intentions, and Behaviors Assessment' (CEIBA: prospective cohort, 2009-2013). We evaluated cervical mucus patterns and estimated fertile window in 2488 ovulatory cycles of 528 women, followed for up to 1 year.\n\nPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: Participants were US or Canadian women age 18-40 years, not pregnant, and without any known subfertility. Women were trained to use a standardized protocol (the Creighton Model) for daily vulvar observation, description, and recording of cervical mucus. The mucus peak day (the last day of estrogenic quality mucus) was used as the estimated day of ovulation. We conducted dichotomous stratified analyses for cervical mucus patterns by age, parity, race, recent oral contraceptive use (within 60 days), partial breast feeding, alcohol, and smoking. Focusing on the clinical characteristics most correlated to cervical mucus patterns, linear mixed models were used to assess continuous cervical mucus parameters and generalized linear models using Poisson regression with robust variance were used to assess dichotomous outcomes, stratifying by women's parity and age, while adjusting for recent oral contraceptive use and breast feeding.\n\nMAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: The majority of women were <30 years of age (75.4%) (median 27; IQR 24-29), non-Hispanic white (88.1%), with high socioeconomic indicators, and nulliparous (70.8%). The mean (SD) days of estrogenic (peak type) mucus per cycle (a conservative indicator of the fertile window) was 6.4 (4.2) days (median 6; IQR 4-8). The mean (SD) number of any potentially fertile days (a broader clinical indicator of the fertile window) was 12.1 (5.4) days (median 11; IQR 9-14). Taking into account recent oral contraceptive use and breastfeeding, nulliparous women age ≥30 years compared to nulliparous women age <30 years had fewer mean days of peak type mucus per cycle (5.3 versus 6.4 days, P = 0.02), and fewer potentially fertile days (11.8 versus 13.9 days, P < 0.01). Compared to nulliparous women age <30 years, the likelihood of cycles with peak type mucus ≤2 days, potentially fertile days ≤9, and cervical mucus cycle score (for estrogenic quality of mucus) ≤5.0 were significantly higher among nulliparous women age ≥30 years, 1.90 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.18, 3.06); 1.46 (95% CI 1.12, 1.91); and 1.45 (95% CI 1.03, 2.05), respectively. Between parous women, there was little difference in mucus parameters by age. Thresholds set a priori for within-woman variability of cervical mucus parameters by cycle were examined as follows: most minus fewest days of peak type mucus >3 days (exceeded by 72% of women), most minus fewest days of non-peak type mucus >4 days (exceeded by 54% of women), greatest minus least cervical mucus cycle score >4.0 (exceeded by 73% of women), and most minus fewest potentially fertile days >8 days (found in 50% of women). Race did not have any association with cervical mucus parameters. Recent oral contraceptive use was associated with reduced cervical mucus cycle score and partial breast feeding was associated with a higher number of days of mucus (both peak type and non-peak type), consistent with prior research. Among the women for whom data were available (CEIBA and TTP), alcohol and tobacco use had minimal impact on cervical mucus parameters.\n\nLIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: We did not have data on some factors that may impact ovulation, hormone levels, and mucus secretion, such as physical activity and body mass index. We cannot exclude the possibility that some women had unknown subfertility or undiagnosed gynecologic disorders. Only 27 women were age 35 or older. Our study participants were geographically dispersed but relatively homogeneous with regard to race, ethnicity, income, and educational level, which may limit the generalizability of the findings.\n\nWIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: Patterns of cervical mucus secretion observed by women are an indicator of fecundity and the fertile window that are consistent with the known associations of age and parity with fecundity. The number of potentially fertile days (12 days) is likely greater than commonly assumed, while the number of days of highly estrogenic mucus (and higher probability of pregnancy) correlates with prior identifications of the fertile window (6 days). There may be substantial variability in fecundability between cycles for the same woman. Future work can use cervical mucus secretion as an indicator of fecundity and should investigate the distribution of similar cycle parameters in women with various reproductive or gynecologic pathologies.\n\nSTUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S): Funding for the three cohorts analyzed was provided by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (CMFS), the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (TTP), and the Office of Family Planning, Office of Population Affairs, Health and Human Services (CEIBA). The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.\n\nTRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: N/A.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"36","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1784","pageEnd":"1795","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deab049","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q140384329"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/deab049"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33990841"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q140384329"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/an-integrative-review-of-fertility-knowledge-and-fertility-awareness-practices-a-recwemagaxrpleemx/","name":"An Integrative Review of Fertility Knowledge and Fertility-Awareness Practices  Among Women Trying to Conceive","headline":"An Integrative Review of Fertility Knowledge and Fertility-Awareness Practices  Among Women Trying to Conceive","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/an-integrative-review-of-fertility-knowledge-and-fertility-awareness-practices-a-recwemagaxrpleemx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Perez Capotosto M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Melissa Pérez Capotosto","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4453-7523","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Boston College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02n2fzt79"}}],"datePublished":"2021-05-08","abstract":"Objective: To synthesize the literature on fertility knowledge and fertility-awareness among women seeking pregnancy.\n\nData Sources: The search terms \"fertility-awareness OR fertility knowledge AND women AND subfertile OR infertile OR seeking pregnancy OR trying to conceive OR pre-conception OR conception NOT contraception NOT birth control\" were used via CINAHL, PubMed, and Web of Science. Primary research studies were considered in the search parameters. STUDY SELECTION: Searches yielded 116 studies published between 1978 and 2020. After screening, 43 full-text studies were assessed for eligibility, 35 of which were omitted as not relevant. Nine quantitative studies using cross-sectional designs met this review's inclusion criteria.\n\nData Extraction: Studies were reviewed for information on the relationship between fertility knowledge/fertility-awareness and pregnancy intention. Studies examining the results of fertility-awareness based method (FABM) efficacy, FABMs for contraception, and provider knowledge regarding FABMs were omitted. DATA SYNTHESIS: Analysis showed low knowledge regarding the identification of the fertile window in the menstrual cycle to optimize pregnancy. There was moderate general knowledge on fertility (e.g., infertility definition, age of fertility decline, etc.). Use of an FABM and education regarding FABMs were infrequent, yet participants recognized that it would be beneficial to use and learn when trying to conceive.\n\nConclusion: Women seeking pregnancy have low to moderate fertility knowledge. More research is necessary on the relationship between fertility knowledge/fertility-awareness and unexplained infertility. Nurses, nurse practitioners, and nurse-midwives should provide education on FABMs to women when they first report difficulty achieving pregnancy. Clinicians' approaches toward FABM education for women and how to implement FABM education into the preconception visit are important areas for future research.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"25","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nursing for Women's Health"}}},"pageStart":"198","pageEnd":"206","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nwh.2021.04.001","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.nwh.2021.04.001"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33961806"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/associations-between-nature-exposure-and-health-a-review-of-the-evidence-reccjkzujudgf82yu/","name":"Associations between Nature Exposure and Health: A Review of the Evidence","headline":"Associations between Nature Exposure and Health: A Review of the Evidence","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/associations-between-nature-exposure-and-health-a-review-of-the-evidence-reccjkzujudgf82yu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marcia P Jimenez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-7898","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elise G Elliott","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0038-2294","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Grete E Wilt","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7145-6975","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peter James","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8689-111X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nicole V DeVille","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2199-8805","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jaime E Hart","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0826-1163","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jessica E Schiff","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7916-5366","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}}],"datePublished":"2021-05-06","abstract":"There is extensive empirical literature on the association between exposure to nature and health. In this narrative review, we discuss the strength of evidence from recent (i.e., the last decade) experimental and observational studies on nature exposure and health, highlighting research on children and youth where possible. We found evidence for associations between nature exposure and improved cognitive function, brain activity, blood pressure, mental health, physical activity, and sleep. Results from experimental studies provide evidence of protective effects of exposure to natural environments on mental health outcomes and cognitive function. Cross-sectional observational studies provide evidence of positive associations between nature exposure and increased levels of physical activity and decreased risk of cardiovascular disease, and longitudinal observational studies are beginning to assess long-term effects of nature exposure on depression, anxiety, cognitive function, and chronic disease. Limitations of current knowledge include inconsistent measures of exposure to nature, the impacts of the type and quality of green space, and health effects of duration and frequency of exposure. Future directions include incorporation of more rigorous study designs, investigation of the underlying mechanisms of the association between green space and health, advancement of exposure assessment, and evaluation of sensitive periods in the early life-course.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"}}},"pageStart":"4790","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094790","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/ijerph18094790"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33946197"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/predictive-factors-of-conception-and-the-cumulative-pregnancy-rate-in-subfertile-recbfuh1xiy1hljcl/","name":"Predictive Factors of Conception and the Cumulative Pregnancy Rate in Subfertile  Couples Undergoing Timed Intercourse With Ultrasound","headline":"Predictive Factors of Conception and the Cumulative Pregnancy Rate in Subfertile  Couples Undergoing Timed Intercourse With Ultrasound","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/predictive-factors-of-conception-and-the-cumulative-pregnancy-rate-in-subfertile-recbfuh1xiy1hljcl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"So Hyun Ahn","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9541-5281","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Inha Lee","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4869-6281","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Severance Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/044kjp413"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"SiHyun Cho","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2718-6645","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yonsei University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hye In Kim","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7961-5988","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Severance Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/044kjp413"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jae Hoon Lee","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4223-1395","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Gangnam Severance Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04ajwkn20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yun Jeong Park","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1941-9162","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Gangnam Severance Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04ajwkn20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Haejin Kim","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6975-8766","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yonsei University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bo Hyon Yun","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5703-797X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Severance Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/044kjp413"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Seok Kyo Seo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3404-0484","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yonsei University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joo Hyun Park","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6388-5975","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Severance Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/044kjp413"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Young Sik Choi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1157-4822","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Severance Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/044kjp413"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Byung Seok Lee","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6001-2079","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yonsei University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hye Won Baek","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Gangnam Severance Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04ajwkn20"}}],"datePublished":"2021-05-04","abstract":"The aim of this study was to determine predictive factors for pregnancy and assess the cumulative pregnancy rate (CPR) and live birth rate (CLBR) in subfertile couples undergoing timed intercourse (TI) using ultrasound. This retrospective cohort study included 285 women (854 cycles) who started TI with ultrasound between January 2017 and October 2019. The overall clinical pregnancy rate was 28.1% (80/285) per couple and 9.4% (80/854) per cycle. Pregnant women had a higher body mass index (BMI), higher percentage of irregular menstrual cycles, a shorter duration of subfertility, lower serum follicle-stimulating hormone levels, and higher anti-Müllerian hormone levels than non-pregnant women. A longer duration of subfertility (≥24 months vs. <12 months; odds ratio: 0.193; 95% confidence interval: 0.043-0.859) and endometriosis (vs. ovulatory factors; odds ratio: 0.282; 95% confidence interval: 0.106-0.746) as causes of subfertility were unfavorable factors that independently affected clinical pregnancy. In subgroup analysis, old age ≥ 35 years [vs. < 35 years; odds ratio: 0.279; 95% confidence interval: 0.083-0.938), a longer duration of infertility ≥24 months (vs. <24 months; odds ratio: 0.182; 95% confidence interval: 0.036-0.913) and a higher BMI ≥ 25 kg/m(2)(vs. >25 kg/m(2); odds ratio: 3.202; 95% confidence interval: 1.020-10.046) in couples with ovulatory factor and a longer duration of infertility ≥24 months (vs. <24 months; odds ratio: 0.185; 95% confidence interval: 0.042-0.819) in couples with non-ovulatory factors were significant independent predictive factors for pregnancy. No significant differences were found in the cycle characteristics between pregnant and non-pregnant women. The CPR substantially increased during the first three cycles and significantly increased until the sixth cycle. No significant increase was observed in the CPR after the sixth cycle. The CLBRs substantially increased during the first three cycles and significantly increased until the fourth cycle. No significant increase was observed in the CLBRs after the fifth cycle. When comparing CPRs and CLBRs according to subfertile causes, CRPs was significantly different and CLBRs was different with borderline significance. Our findings may indicate that women with a longer duration of subfertility or subfertility due to endometriosis have poor outcomes during TI with ultrasound. Women who failed to achieve conception by the fourth or fifth cycle of TI with ultrasound may be encouraged to consider advancing to the next treatment strategy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology"}},"pageStart":"650883","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2021.650883","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fendo.2021.650883"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33935968"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancy-outcomes-and-risk-of-endometrial-cancer-a-pooled-analysis-of-individua-8muobdpj/","name":"Pregnancy outcomes and risk of endometrial cancer: A pooled analysis of individual participant data in the Epidemiology of Endometrial Cancer Consortium","headline":"Pregnancy outcomes and risk of endometrial cancer: A pooled analysis of individual participant data in the Epidemiology of Endometrial Cancer Consortium","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancy-outcomes-and-risk-of-endometrial-cancer-a-pooled-analysis-of-individua-8muobdpj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jordan SJ, Na R, Weiderpass E, Adami HO, Anderson KE, van den Brandt PA, Brinton LA, Chen C, Cook LS, Doherty JA, Du M, Friedenreich CM, Gierach GL, Goodman MT, Krogh V, Levi F, Lu L, Miller AB, McCann SE, Moysich KB, Negri E, Olson SH, Petruzella S, Palmer JR, Parazzini F, Pike MC, Prizment AE, Rebbeck TR, Reynolds P, Ricceri F, Risch HA, Rohan TE, Sacerdote C, Schouten LJ, Serraino D, Setiawan VW, Shu XO, Sponholtz TR, Spurdle AB, Stolzenberg-Solomon RZ, Trabert B, Wentzensen N, Wilkens LR, Wise LA, Yu H, La Vecchia C, De Vivo I, Xu W, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte A, Webb PM"}],"datePublished":"2021-05-01","abstract":"A full-term pregnancy is associated with reduced endometrial cancer risk; however, whether the effect of additional pregnancies is independent of age at last pregnancy is unknown. The associations between other pregnancy-related factors and endometrial cancer risk are less clear. We pooled individual participant data from 11 cohort and 19 case-control studies participating in the Epidemiology of Endometrial Cancer Consortium (E2C2) including 16 986 women with endometrial cancer and 39 538 control women. We used one- and two-stage meta-analytic approaches to estimate pooled odds ratios (ORs) for the association between exposures and endometrial cancer risk. Ever having a full-term pregnancy was associated with a 41% reduction in risk of endometrial cancer compared to never having a full-term pregnancy (OR = 0.59, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.56-0.63). The risk reduction appeared the greatest for the first full-term pregnancy (OR = 0.78, 95% CI 0.72-0.84), with a further \\~15% reduction per pregnancy up to eight pregnancies (OR = 0.20, 95% CI 0.14-0.28) that was independent of age at last full-term pregnancy. Incomplete pregnancy was also associated with decreased endometrial cancer risk (7%-9% reduction per pregnancy). Twin births appeared to have the same effect as singleton pregnancies. Our pooled analysis shows that, while the magnitude of the risk reduction is greater for a full-term pregnancy than an incomplete pregnancy, each additional pregnancy is associated with further reduction in endometrial cancer risk, independent of age at last full-term pregnancy. These results suggest that the very high progesterone level in the last trimester of pregnancy is not the sole explanation for the protective effect of pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"148","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International journal of cancer"}}},"pageStart":"2068","pageEnd":"2078","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.33360","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101232793"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/ijc.33360"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33105052"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q101232793"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/role-of-tubal-surgery-in-the-era-of-assisted-reproductive-technology-a-committee-qsvkxge7/","name":"Role of tubal surgery in the era of assisted reproductive technology: a committee opinion","headline":"Role of tubal surgery in the era of assisted reproductive technology: a committee opinion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/role-of-tubal-surgery-in-the-era-of-assisted-reproductive-technology-a-committee-qsvkxge7/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine"}],"datePublished":"2021-05-01","abstract":"This document reviews surgical options for reparative tubal surgery and the factors that must be considered when deciding between surgical repair and in vitro fertilization. This document replaces the document of the same name, last published in 2012 (Fertil Steril 2015;103:e37-43). This document reviews surgical options for reparative tubal surgery and the factors that must be considered when deciding between surgical repair and in vitro fertilization.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.01.051","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.01.051"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33642065"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/utilization-of-lowdose-naltrexone-for-burning-mouth-syndrome-a-case-report-apiwnrrm/","name":"Utilization of Low-Dose Naltrexone for Burning Mouth Syndrome: A Case Report","headline":"Utilization of Low-Dose Naltrexone for Burning Mouth Syndrome: A Case Report","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/utilization-of-lowdose-naltrexone-for-burning-mouth-syndrome-a-case-report-apiwnrrm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Neuman DL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chadwick AL"}],"datePublished":"2021-05-01","abstract":"Burning mouth syndrome is a chronic pain condition characterized by a burning sensation of the oropharynx. The pathophysiology of burning mouth syndrome includes peripheral and central sensitization. Treatment is generally aimed at symptom reduction. We describe a woman in her seventh decade with burning mouth syndrome that had been refractory to treatment for nearly a decade. Low-dose naltrexone has been reported to provide analgesia in central sensitization states and was successful in reducing pain severity in our patient. We conclude that low-dose naltrexone may be a therapeutic option for patients with burning mouth syndrome who are refractory to conventional therapies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"A&amp;A Practice"}}},"pageStart":"e01475","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1213/xaa.0000000000001475","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1213/xaa.0000000000001475"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonally-active-contraceptives-part-i-risks-acknowledged-and-unacknowledged-recrdkj7l2ft6afzf/","name":"Hormonally Active Contraceptives Part I: Risks Acknowledged and Unacknowledged","headline":"Hormonally Active Contraceptives Part I: Risks Acknowledged and Unacknowledged","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonally-active-contraceptives-part-i-risks-acknowledged-and-unacknowledged-recrdkj7l2ft6afzf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Laura Haynes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5006-3339","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"International Federation for Therapeutic and Counseling Choice, General Board Member and USA Country Representative,Tustin, California, USA"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elvis I. Šeman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9376-7811","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Flinders University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01kpzv902"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathleen Mary Raviele","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2062-8041","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dekalb Medical Tucker, Georgia, USA"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joel Brind","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6079-002X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Prevention Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02xdygm42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael Gaskins","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Howard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05gt1vc06"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hanna Klaus","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical College of Wisconsin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00qqv6244"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Angela Lanfranchi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4943-3267","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Prevention Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02xdygm42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael D Manhart","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1727-1846","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"RTI International","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052tfza37"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gerard Migeon","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Woman’s Hospital of Texas","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03c0nts38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lester Ruppersberger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Medical Association","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02se5xj66"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"William V Williams","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3611-9284","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Medical Association","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02se5xj66"}}],"datePublished":"2021-04-27","abstract":"Hormonal contraceptives have been on the market for over fifty years and, while their formulations have changed, the basic mechanism of action has remained the same. During this time, numerous studies have been performed documenting side effects, some of which appear over time, some within weeks or months, but all can have a serious impact on health and quality of life. An effort was made to perform a series of comprehensive literature surveys to better understand immediate and long-term side effects of these agents. The results of this literature review uncovered a number of potential side effects, some of which are acknowledged and many of which are not noted in the prescribing information for these agents. Among the unacknowledged side effects are: an increased risk of HIV transmission for depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA), and for combination contraceptives breast cancer, cervical cancer, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, depression, mood disorders and suicides (especially among women twenty-five years of age and younger, in the first six months of use), multiple sclerosis, interstitial cystitis, female sexual dysfunction, osteoporotic bone fractures (especially for progesterone-only contraceptives), and fatty weight gain. Misleading prescribing information regarding cardiovascular and thrombotic risks are also noted. Women seeking birth control have a right to be informed and educated about risk avoidance through the use of effective nonhormonal methods like fertility awareness methods. In one case-that of DMPA-the increased risk of HIV acquisition has been conclusively demonstrated to be both real and unique to this drug. Considering the availability of numerous alternatives, there is no justification for the continued marketing of DMPA to the public.\nSummary: We reviewed the effect of hormonal contraceptives on women's health. A number of potential side effects were noted including increased risks of breast cancer, cervical cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, lupus, multiple sclerosis, cystitis, bone fractures, depression, mood disorders and suicides, fatty weight gain, and female sexual dysfunction. With the long-acting injectable contraceptives there is an increased risk of getting HIV. Misleading prescribing information regarding the risks of heart attacks, strokes and blood clotting problems were also noted. Women seeking birth control have a right to know about how to avoid these risks by using effective hormone-free Fertility Awareness Methods.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"88","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"126","pageEnd":"148","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0024363920982709","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/0024363920982709"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33897046"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/disparities-in-cardiovascular-disease-risk-among-hispanic-breast-cancer-survivor-recfsaphuwlkgjwy6/","name":"Disparities in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Among Hispanic Breast Cancer Survivors  in a Population-Based Cohort","headline":"Disparities in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Among Hispanic Breast Cancer Survivors  in a Population-Based Cohort","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/disparities-in-cardiovascular-disease-risk-among-hispanic-breast-cancer-survivor-recfsaphuwlkgjwy6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Qingqing Hu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2365-8588","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Public Health, Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chun-Pin Esther Chang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0878-997X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Office of Cooperative Reproductive Health, Division of Public Health, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, United..."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John Snyder","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5092-0627","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Intermountain Healthcare","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mvr1r74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vikrant Deshmukh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2447-9725","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David K. Gaffney","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5752-1611","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chun-Pin Chang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0061-3478","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, and Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alison Fraser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6825-0625","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Huntsman Cancer Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03v7tx966"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa H Gren","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5868-3292","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mia Hashibe","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6903-2049","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Lynn Henry","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4771-5930","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Michigan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ivette Lopez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3841-401X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Utah Valley University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02rxpxc98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael Newman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7906-8558","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christina A Porucznik","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1973-2917","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kerry Rowe","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0591-6213","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Intermountain Healthcare","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mvr1r74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ken R Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0682-3705","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2021-04-24","abstract":"Background: Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among Hispanic women. The aim of our study was to estimate cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk among Hispanic and non-Hispanic White (NHW) breast cancer survivors compared with their respective general population cohorts.\n\nMethods: Cohorts of 17 469 breast cancer survivors (1774 Hispanic and 15 695 NHW) in the Utah Cancer Registry diagnosed between 1997 and 2016, and 65 866 women (6209 Hispanic and 59 657 NHW) from the general population in the Utah Population Database were identified. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for CVD.\n\nResults: The risk of diseases of the circulatory system was higher in Hispanic than NHW breast cancer survivors 1-5 years after cancer diagnosis, in comparison with their respective general population cohorts (HR(Hispanic) = 1.94, 99% confidence interval [CI] = 1.49 to 2.53; H(NHW) = 1.38, 99% CI = 1.33 to 1.43; 2-sided P (heterogeneity) = .01, respectively). Increased risks were observed for both Hispanic and NHW breast cancer survivors for diseases of the heart and the veins and lymphatics, compared with the general population cohorts. More than 5 years after cancer diagnosis, elevated risk of diseases of the veins and lymphatics persisted in both ethnicities. The CVD risk due to chemotherapy and hormone therapy was higher in Hispanic than NHW breast cancer survivors but did not differ for distant stage, higher baseline comorbidities, or baseline smoking.\n\nConclusions: We observed a risk difference for diseases of the circulatory system between Hispanic and NHW breast cancer survivors compared with their respective general population cohorts but only within the first 5 years of cancer diagnosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JNCI Cancer Spectrum"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jncics/pkab016","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/jncics/pkab016"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33889806"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-risk-of-clinical-complications-and-death-among-pregnant-women-with-covid-19--reclzjqqsh5nbsp0e/","name":"The risk of clinical complications and death among pregnant women with COVID-19 in the Cerner COVID-19 cohort: a retrospective analysis","headline":"The risk of clinical complications and death among pregnant women with COVID-19 in the Cerner COVID-19 cohort: a retrospective analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-risk-of-clinical-complications-and-death-among-pregnant-women-with-covid-19--reclzjqqsh5nbsp0e/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Fares Qeadan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3376-220X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nana A Mensah","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8380-0390","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Benjamin Tingey","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0620-0858","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2021-04-18","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Pregnant women are potentially a high-risk population during infectious disease outbreaks such as COVID-19, because of physiologic immune suppression in pregnancy. However, data on the morbidity and mortality of COVID-19 among pregnant women, compared to nonpregnant women, are sparse and inconclusive. We sought to assess the impact of pregnancy on COVID-19 associated morbidity and mortality, with particular attention to the impact of pre-existing comorbidity.\n\nMETHODS: We used retrospective data from January through June 2020 on female patients aged 18-44 years old utilizing the Cerner COVID-19 de-identified cohort. We used mixed-effects logistic and exponential regression models to evaluate the risk of hospitalization, maximum hospital length of stay (LOS), moderate ventilation, invasive ventilation, and death for pregnant women while adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, insurance, Elixhauser AHRQ weighted Comorbidity Index, diabetes history, medication, and accounting for clustering of results in similar zip-code regions.\n\nRESULTS: Out of 22,493 female patients with associated COVID-19, 7.2% (n = 1609) were pregnant. Crude results indicate that pregnant women, compared to non-pregnant women, had higher rates of hospitalization (60.5% vs. 17.0%, P < 0.001), higher mean maximum LOS (0.15 day vs. 0.08 day, P < 0.001) among those who stayed < 1 day, lower mean maximum LOS (2.55 days vs. 3.32 days, P < 0.001) among those who stayed ≥1 day, and higher moderate ventilation use (1.7% vs. 0.7%, P < 0.001) but showed no significant differences in rates of invasive ventilation or death. After adjusting for potentially confounding variables, pregnant women, compared to non-pregnant women, saw higher odds in hospitalization (aOR: 12.26; 95% CI (10.69, 14.06)), moderate ventilation (aOR: 2.35; 95% CI (1.48, 3.74)), higher maximum LOS among those who stayed < 1 day, and lower maximum LOS among those who stayed ≥1 day. No significant associations were found with invasive ventilation or death. For moderate ventilation, differences were seen among age and race/ethnicity groups.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Among women with COVID-19 disease, pregnancy confers substantial additional risk of morbidity, but no difference in mortality. Knowing these variabilities in the risk is essential to inform decision-makers and guide clinical recommendations for the management of COVID-19 in pregnant women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth"}}},"pageStart":"305","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-021-03772-y","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s12884-021-03772-y"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33863292"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancy-outcomes-from-a-restorative-infertility-treatment-model-a-single-centr-916a9dda/","name":"Pregnancy outcomes from a restorative infertility treatment model: a single centre case series","headline":"Pregnancy outcomes from a restorative infertility treatment model: a single centre case series","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancy-outcomes-from-a-restorative-infertility-treatment-model-a-single-centr-916a9dda/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Gabriel James","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6857-0056","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Queensland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00rqy9422"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lucas A McLindon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2044-8681","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mater Health Services","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mjtdk61"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joshua Hatch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2382-2560","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Griffith University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02sc3r913"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ben W Mol","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8337-550X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00q6h8f30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph Turner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6443-2708","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Queensland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00rqy9422"}}],"datePublished":"2021-04-17","abstract":"Background: Infertility is a significant problem with multiple causes and a corresponding array of therapeutic options. In an era of increasing assisted reproductive treatments, few studies examine the role of conventional non-assisted reproductive treatments to address underlying behavioural, lifestyle and medical issues.\n\nAim: To assess outcomes from a conventional or non-assisted reproductive treatment approach.\n\nMaterials and Methods: Retrospective case series of 162 couples that attended an Australian, hospital-based, multidisciplinary fertility clinic between 2005 and 2010.\n\nResults: There were 58 live births for all couples giving a crude live birth rate of 35.4% over a 24-month analysis period. When adjusted by Kaplan-Meier method, a 57.4% cumulative live birth rate (CLBR) was achieved. Couples had a median 33.9 months duration of infertility and the median female age was 33.7. For the 74 couples with an unexplained infertility diagnosis, 32 achieved a live birth at a crude rate of 43.2% or 71.2% CLBR when adjusted by Kaplan-Meier method.\n\nConclusions: This observational data indicates that reproductive medicine should have a personalized approach in which alternatives for immediate IVF are considered.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"medRxiv"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.14.21251044","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1101/2021.04.14.21251044"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gail-model-utilization-in-predicting-breast-cancer-risk-in-egyptian-women-a-cros-rec3do9rnnijkqwhg/","name":"Gail model utilization in predicting breast cancer risk in Egyptian women: a  cross-sectional study","headline":"Gail model utilization in predicting breast cancer risk in Egyptian women: a  cross-sectional study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gail-model-utilization-in-predicting-breast-cancer-risk-in-egyptian-women-a-cros-rec3do9rnnijkqwhg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"El Zayat MS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Islam N Ali","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8194-0226","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ain Shams University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cb9w016"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Menna S El Zayat","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Diagnostic Radiology Department, Al Helal Hospital - Specialized Medical Centers, Cairo, Egypt."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mohamed A Elhawary","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4043-6867","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ain Shams University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cb9w016"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hadeer Mohamed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6342-1011","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ain Shams University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cb9w016"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Moataz E Mohamed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7266-9980","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Helwan University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00h55v928"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Basem Saleh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3436-106X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aswan University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/048qnr849"}}],"datePublished":"2021-04-15","abstract":"Purpose: Herein, our purpose was to calculate the 5-year and lifetime risk of breast cancer and to assess new breast cancer potential contributors among Egyptian women utilizing the modified Gail model, while presenting a global comparison of risk assessment.\n\nMethods: This study included 7009 women from both urban and rural areas scattered across 40% of the Egyptian provinces. The 5-year risk categories were defined as low risk (≤ 1.66%) or high risk (> 1.66%), whereas the lifetime risk categories were defined as low risk (≤ 20%) or high risk (> 20%). Pearson's Chi-squared test was performed to determine the association between participants' characteristics and distinct risk categories. Binary logistic regression was carried out for correlation analysis.\n\nResults: The mean estimated risk for developing invasive breast cancer over 5 years was 0.86 (± 0.67), whereas the mean lifetime breast cancer risk score was 11.26 (± 5.7). Accordingly, only 614 (8.75%) and 470 (6.7%) women were categorized as individuals with high risk of breast cancer incidence in 5-year and lifetime, respectively. Only 192 participants (2.7%) conferred both high 5-year and high lifetime risk scores. Marital status, method of feeding, physical activity behavior, contraceptive use, menopause and number of children were found to have a statistically significant association with both 5-year and lifetime breast cancer risk categories.\n\nConclusion: We revealed that modified Gail model had a well-fitting and discrimination accuracy in Egyptian women when compared with other countries.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"188","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Breast Cancer Research and Treatment"}}},"pageStart":"749","pageEnd":"758","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-021-06200-z","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s10549-021-06200-z"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33852122"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/continued-versus-discontinued-oxytocin-stimulation-in-the-active-phase-of-labour-dxhujad2/","name":"Continued versus discontinued oxytocin stimulation in the active phase of labour (CONDISOX): double blind randomised controlled trial","headline":"Continued versus discontinued oxytocin stimulation in the active phase of labour (CONDISOX): double blind randomised controlled trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/continued-versus-discontinued-oxytocin-stimulation-in-the-active-phase-of-labour-dxhujad2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Boie S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Glavind J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Uldbjerg N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Steer PJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bor P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"CONDISOX trial group"}],"datePublished":"2021-04-14","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine whether discontinuing oxytocin stimulation in the active phase of induced labour is associated with lower caesarean section rates.\n\nDESIGN: International multicentre, double blind, randomised controlled trial.\n\nSETTING: Nine hospitals in Denmark and one in the Netherlands between 8 April 2016 and 30 June 2020.\n\nPARTICIPANTS: 1200 women stimulated with intravenous oxytocin infusion during the latent phase of induced labour.\n\nINTERVENTION: Women were randomly assigned to have their oxytocin stimulation discontinued or continued in the active phase of labour.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Delivery by caesarean section.\n\nRESULTS: A total of 607 women were assigned to discontinuation and 593 to continuation of the oxytocin infusion. The rates of caesarean section were 16.6% (n=101) in the discontinued group and 14.2% (n=84) in the continued group (relative risk 1.17, 95% confidence interval 0.90 to 1.53). In 94 parous women with no previous caesarean section, the caesarean section rate was 7.5% (11/147) in the discontinued group and 0.6% (1/155)in the continued group (relative risk 11.6, 1.15 to 88.7). Discontinuation was associated with longer duration of labour (median from randomisation to delivery 282 v 201 min; P<0.001), a reduced risk of hyperstimulation (20/546 (3.7%) v 70/541 (12.9%); P<0.001), and a reduced risk of fetal heart rate abnormalities (153/548 (27.9%) v 219/537 (40.8%); P<0.001) but rates of other adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes were similar between groups.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: In a setting where monitoring of the fetal condition and the uterine contractions can be guaranteed, routine discontinuation of oxytocin stimulation may lead to a small increase in caesarean section rate but a significantly reduced risk of uterine hyperstimulation and abnormal fetal heart rate patterns.\n\nTRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02553226.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"373","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ (Clinical research ed.)"}},"pageStart":"n716","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n716","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj.n716"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33853878"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/predicting-fetal-and-neonatal-demise-after-fetoscopy-for-twin-twin-transfusion-s-rec3nls5rhohfrwnb/","name":"Predicting fetal and neonatal demise after fetoscopy for twin-twin transfusion  syndrome using recursive partitioning","headline":"Predicting fetal and neonatal demise after fetoscopy for twin-twin transfusion  syndrome using recursive partitioning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/predicting-fetal-and-neonatal-demise-after-fetoscopy-for-twin-twin-transfusion-s-rec3nls5rhohfrwnb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Anthony Johnson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9792-7682","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial Hermann","sameAs":"https://ror.org/049d9a475"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Moise KJ Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kenneth J. Moise","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5028-8426","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Children's Nutrition Research Center at Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03s936v76"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E P Bergh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6276-854X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial Hermann","sameAs":"https://ror.org/049d9a475"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cara Buskmiller","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1313-1192","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women’s Health, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Papanna","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3801-346X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial Hermann","sameAs":"https://ror.org/049d9a475"}}],"datePublished":"2021-04-14","abstract":"Objective: Donor demise after laser surgery for twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) is well-characterized, but recipient demise is not, nor is neonatal death. This study aims to characterize factors associated with recipient death, donor death, and dual twin death after laser, both before and after birth.\n\nMethods: This is a prospective cohort study of monochorionic twin pairs who underwent laser ablation for TTTS. Risk factors for fetal and neonatal death of both twins were identified using univariable analysis and recursive partitioning, a novel statistical method to quantify contributions of each factor to outcomes.\n\nResults: In 413 twin pairs, death of both twins occurred in 9.2% (38/413), donor death in 12.1% (50/413), and recipient death in 2.4% (10/413). Recursive partitioning showed that gestational age at delivery predicts dual twin death (below 23.7 weeks, likely [p < 0.001], above 28.3 weeks, unlikely [p = 0.004]). Abnormal umbilical artery Doppler and weight discordance predict donor demise (p < 0.001 and p = 0.033, respectively). Cervical length under 16 mm predicts neonatal death of both twins (p < 0.001).\n\nConclusions: Parents can gain individualized information about the survival of each fetus based on variables available from preoperative and delivery variables. Short cervix and premature delivery cause significant mortality in TTTS.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"41","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Prenatal Diagnosis"}}},"pageStart":"1541","pageEnd":"1547","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pd.5948","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/pd.5948"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33848367"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/perinatal-exposure-to-phthalates-from-endocrine-to-neurodevelopment-effects-xnf9bn8b/","name":"Perinatal Exposure to Phthalates: From Endocrine to Neurodevelopment Effects","headline":"Perinatal Exposure to Phthalates: From Endocrine to Neurodevelopment Effects","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/perinatal-exposure-to-phthalates-from-endocrine-to-neurodevelopment-effects-xnf9bn8b/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lucaccioni L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Trevisani V"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Passini E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Righi B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Plessi C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Predieri B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Iughetti L"}],"datePublished":"2021-04-14","abstract":"Phthalates, as other endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), may alter the homeostasis and the action of hormones and signaling molecules, causing adverse health outcomes. This is true especially for infants, who are both more exposed and sensitive to their effects. Phthalates are particularly harmful when the exposure occurs during certain critical temporal windows of the development, such as the prenatal and the early postnatal phases. Phthalates may also interfere with the neuroendocrine systems (e.g., thyroid hormone signaling or metabolism), causing disruption of neuronal differentiation and maturation, increasing the risk of behavioral and cognitive disorders (ADHD and autistic behaviors, reduced mental, psychomotor, and IQ development, and emotional problems). Despite more studies being needed to better understand the role of these substances, plenty of evidence suggests the impact of phthalates on the neuroendocrine system development and function. This review aims to update the knowledge on the neuroendocrine consequences of neonatal and perinatal exposure to phthalates.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"}}},"pageStart":"4063","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22084063","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/ijms22084063"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reproductive-outcomes-following-surgical-management-for-isthmoceles-a-systematic-recxr5mwtaxsowx2u/","name":"Reproductive Outcomes Following Surgical Management for Isthmoceles: A Systematic  Review","headline":"Reproductive Outcomes Following Surgical Management for Isthmoceles: A Systematic  Review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reproductive-outcomes-following-surgical-management-for-isthmoceles-a-systematic-recxr5mwtaxsowx2u/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mohamed A Bedaiwy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3454-8555","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rahana Harjee","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7130-8091","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology (Dr. Harjee); Faculty of Medicine (Mr. Khinda); Division of Reproductive Endocrinology & Infertility, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology (Dr. Bedaiwy), Un...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jaskaran Khinda","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2021-04-12","abstract":"Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of surgical management for isthmoceles in patients presenting with secondary infertility.\n\nData Sources: A systematic search was performed in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases from inception to May 2020. The search was limited to studies published in English. METHODS OF Study Selection: After the removal of duplicates, 3380 articles were screened for inclusion independently by 2 authors. These 2 authors assessed for studies which focused on women of reproductive age with a diagnosed isthmocele and secondary infertility who underwent any surgical intervention for defect repair with at least 1 of the goals being fertility restoration. TABULATION, INTEGRATION, AND\n\nResults: A total of 13 studies, comprising of 1 randomized controlled trial, 6 prospective case series, and 6 retrospective case series describing 234 patients who underwent surgical management for an isthmocele and secondary infertility were included. The methodologic quality of the included studies was assessed independently by both reviewers. Next, the data extraction was performed independently and then compared to ensure no discrepancies. A total of 188 patients were treated by hysteroscopy, 36 by laparoscopy, 7 by laparotomy, and 3 through a vaginal approach. In total, 153 of the 234 patients (65.4%) achieved pregnancy across all studies within their respective study periods. Pregnancy rates in the randomized controlled trial were 21 of 28 (75%) for those treated by hysteroscopy compared with 9 of 28 (32%) for those untreated. Among the studies reporting pregnancy outcomes, 101 of 116 (87.1%) pregnancies resulted in a live birth. The incidence of adverse events was 2%, including the risk of reoperation.\n\nConclusion: The results of this systematic review suggest that the surgical treatment of an isthmocele, particularly through hysteroscopy, in patients with residual myometrial thickness of at least 2.5 mm, may be effective in treating isthmocele-associated secondary infertility with a relatively low complication rate. Further high-quality studies are needed because of the small sample sizes and observational nature of most available data.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"28","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1291-1302.e2","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2021.03.012","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120477973"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jmig.2021.03.012"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33839308"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q120477973"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/administration-of-selenium-nanoparticles-reverses-streptozotocin-induced-neurotoxicity-in-the-male-rats-reclnauonqvtmlaij/","name":"Administration of Selenium Nanoparticles Reverses Streptozotocin-Induced  Neurotoxicity in the male rats","headline":"Administration of Selenium Nanoparticles Reverses Streptozotocin-Induced  Neurotoxicity in the male rats","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/administration-of-selenium-nanoparticles-reverses-streptozotocin-induced-neurotoxicity-in-the-male-rats-reclnauonqvtmlaij/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Siamak Shahidi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8196-5223","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Iraj Amiri","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4587-736X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hamedan University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02ekfbp48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alireza Samzadeh‐Kermani","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6183-6299","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hamedan University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02ekfbp48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roghayeh Abbasalipourkabir","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6345-1410","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zabol University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03d9mz263"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Soleimani Asl S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bahareh Gholamigeravand","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hamedan University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02ekfbp48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alireza Samzadeh-Kermani","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sara Soleimani Asl","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1518-3308","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hamedan University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02ekfbp48"}}],"datePublished":"2021-04-08","abstract":"Alzheimer's disease is the most common neurodegenerative disease associated with deposition of amyloid-beta and the increased oxidative stress. High free radical scavenging ability of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) has been acknowledged, so in the present study, the effects of treatment with SeNPs on Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced neurotoxicity were evaluated in the male rats. Learning and memory impairment was induced by intraventricular injection of STZ. Following induction of memory impairment, the rats received 0.4 mg/kg of SeNPs daily for one month. Memory function, antioxidant capacity, and deposition of Amyloid β (Aβ) were assessed using the shuttle box task, biochemical methods, and Congo red staining. Injection of STZ caused memory impairment, a decrease in the level of total thiol group (TTG), and an increase in the malondialdehyde (MDA) content and deposition of Aβ. Administration of SeNPs reversed the neurotoxicity induced by STZ. It seems that SeNPs likely had neuroprotective effects on the animal model of Alzheimer's disease through increasing antioxidants҆ capacity.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Metabolic Brain Disease"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11011-021-00713-8","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s11011-021-00713-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33826055"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/contemporary-hormonal-contraception-and-cervical-cancer-in-women-of-reproductive-age-reczkzupjwrtlllod/","name":"Contemporary hormonal contraception and cervical cancer in women of reproductive  age","headline":"Contemporary hormonal contraception and cervical cancer in women of reproductive  age","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/contemporary-hormonal-contraception-and-cervical-cancer-in-women-of-reproductive-age-reczkzupjwrtlllod/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Shona Fielding","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5363-8188","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035b05819"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Øjvind Lidegaard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9157-4004","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rigshospitalet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mchdq19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Philip C Hannaford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2588-1006","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Forest Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03wcc3744"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa Iversen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0424-7740","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Aberdeen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016476m91"}}],"datePublished":"2021-04-06","abstract":"To determine cervical cancer risk associated with contemporary hormonal contraceptives, we conducted a cohort study of women aged 15 to 49 living in Denmark from 1995 to 2014, using routinely collected information about redeemed prescriptions, incident cancer and potential confounders. Poisson regression calculated adjusted cervical cancer risks among different contraceptive user groups by duration of use, time since last use, hormonal content and cancer histology. During >20 million person-years, 3643 incident cervical cancers occurred. Ever users of any hormonal contraceptives compared to never users had a relative risk (RR) of 1.19 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.10-1.29). Increased risks were seen in current or recent users of any hormonal: RR 1.30 (95% CI 1.20-1.42) and combined: RR 1.40 (95% CI 1.28-1.53), but not progestin-only contraception: RR 0.91 (95% CI 0.78-1.07). Current or recent users of any hormonal contraception had an increased risk of both adenocarcinoma (RR 1.29, 95% CI 1.05-1.60) and squamous cancer (RR 1.31, 95% CI 1.19-1.44). The risk pattern among any hormonal and combined contraceptive users generally increased with longer duration of use and declined after stopping, possibly taking longer to disappear among prolonged users. Combined products containing different progestins had similar risks. Approximately one extra cervical cancer occurred for every 14 700 women using combined contraceptives for 1 year. Most women in our study were not vaccinated against human papillomavirus (HPV) infections. Our findings reinforce the urgent need for global interventions such as systematic screening, treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and HPV vaccination programmes to prevent cervical cancer, especially among users of combined contraceptives.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"149","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Cancer"}}},"pageStart":"769","pageEnd":"777","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.33585","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/ijc.33585"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33818778"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/does-interest-in-sex-peak-at-mid-cycle-in-ovulatory-menstrual-cycles-of-healthy--recwqjjn2jc02nuxw/","name":"Does Interest in Sex Peak at Mid-Cycle in Ovulatory Menstrual Cycles of Healthy, Community-Dwelling Women? An 11-month Prospective Observational Study","headline":"Does Interest in Sex Peak at Mid-Cycle in Ovulatory Menstrual Cycles of Healthy, Community-Dwelling Women? An 11-month Prospective Observational Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/does-interest-in-sex-peak-at-mid-cycle-in-ovulatory-menstrual-cycles-of-healthy--recwqjjn2jc02nuxw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Allison B. Macbeth","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Azita Goshtasebi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G. William Mercer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6108-7478","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2021-04-03","abstract":"Women's interest in sex is asserted to increase at the mid-cycle pre-ovulatory estradiol peak. We explored this belief in healthy, spontaneously normally menstruating/ovulating women. Women recorded \"interest in sex\" in a daily diary; validated Quantitative Basal Temperature analysis documented ovulation. Interest in sex showed no mid-cycle peak in 61 normal-weight, nonsmoking women, ages 33.7 ± 5.6 years, over a mean of 311 consecutive days. The cycle-plotted diary \"self-worth\" factor (including feelings of energy, interest in sex) also showed no mid-cycle peak. Thus, interest in sex is related more strongly to women's feelings/experiences than to hormones, challenging deterministic or sex-hormone-dependent cultural and sociobiological understandings.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Women's Reproductive Health"}}},"pageStart":"79","pageEnd":"91","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23293691.2021.1901519","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/23293691.2021.1901519"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/digital-foot-health-technology-and-diabetic-foot-monitoring-a-systematic-review-recav3ai8e4xkhmhu/","name":"Digital foot health technology and diabetic foot monitoring: A systematic review","headline":"Digital foot health technology and diabetic foot monitoring: A systematic review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/digital-foot-health-technology-and-diabetic-foot-monitoring-a-systematic-review-recav3ai8e4xkhmhu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Claire Saliba Thorne","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2202-7098","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Malta","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03a62bv60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Saliba Thorne C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alfred Gatt","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0489-6479","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Malta","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03a62bv60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Clifford De Raffaele","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7081-702X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Malta","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03a62bv60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cynthia Formosa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4251-1621","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Malta","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03a62bv60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Abduarahman Bazena","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Middlesex University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/030ypay32"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Clifford DeRaffaele","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Malta, Malta."}}],"datePublished":"2021-03-30","abstract":"Background: In diabetic foot ulceration, a correlation between pressure and skin temperature is suspected. The aim of this systematic review is to provide a more rigorous analysis of existing literature related to the various technologies used to read and measure both in-shoe plantar pressures, and in-shoe skin temperatures simultaneously.\n\nMethods: A systematic review of the literature related to the topic was searched in database sources such as Medline OVID, Cochrane Library, PubMed, CONAHL, PROSPERO, and Elsevier. Outcome measures of interest included validity, reliability and responsiveness of in-shoe temperature and/or pressure mapping device used, and characteristics and quantity of sensors used, anatomical landmarks and statistical analysis used to interpret the data. Quality of evidence and risk of bias was evaluated using the QUADAS-2.\n\nResults: Nineteen studies were identified and included in this review. The majority of studies used a small sample size (mean n = 17) and recruited healthy participants. All studies have shown excellent validity but only a few tested for the reliability of the device. None of the studies tested for responsiveness of the device. Quality assessment results scored high risk in view of 'patient selection', 'use of reference standard' and 'applicability', and low risk in view of 'use if index test' and 'flow and timing'.\n\nConclusions: The data outlined in this review confirms that further improvement, reliability testing and clinical validation of the developed systems is required despite the results of excellent performance in detecting changes of in-shoe skin temperature and pressure.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"175","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice"}},"pageStart":"108783","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2021.108783","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.diabres.2021.108783"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33775686"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-narrative-review-of-platelet-rich-plasma-prp-in-reproductive-medicine-recqzxtfd6o2nayxb/","name":"A narrative review of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in reproductive medicine","headline":"A narrative review of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in reproductive medicine","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-narrative-review-of-platelet-rich-plasma-prp-in-reproductive-medicine-recqzxtfd6o2nayxb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sara Rahman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4992-328X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Virginia Center for Reproductive Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04thvph49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jordan S Klebanoff","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1800-0343","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Main Line Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rgsag55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gaby Moawad","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3240-1496","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"George Washington University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00y4zzh67"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Latashia-Lika Lelea","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Central Florida","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036nfer12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fady I Sharara","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7218-4713","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Virginia Center for Reproductive Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04thvph49"}}],"datePublished":"2021-03-17","abstract":"Purpose: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has become a novel treatment in various aspects of medicine including orthopedics, cardiothoracic surgery, plastic surgery, dermatology, dentistry, and diabetic wound healing. PRP is now starting to become an area of interest in reproductive medicine more specifically focusing on infertility. Poor ovarian reserve, menopause, premature ovarian failure, and thin endometrium have been the main areas of research. The aim of this article is to review the existing literature on the effects of autologous PRP in reproductive medicine providing a summation of the current studies and assessing the need for additional research.\n\nMethods: A literature search is performed using PubMed, MEDLINE, and CINAHL Plus to identify studies focusing on the use of PRP therapy in reproductive medicine. Articles were divided into 3 categories: PRP in thin lining, PRP in poor ovarian reserve, and PRP in recurrent implantation failure.\n\nResults: In women with thin endometrium, the literature shows an increase in endometrial thickness and increase in chemical and clinical pregnancy rates following autologous PRP therapy. In women with poor ovarian reserve, autologous intraovarian PRP therapy increased anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) levels and decreased follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), with a trend toward increasing clinical and live birth rates. This trend was also noted in women with recurrent implantation failure.\n\nConclusions: Limited literature shows promise in increasing endometrial thickness, increasing AMH, and decreasing FSH levels, as well as increasing chemical and clinical pregnancy rates. The lack of standardization of PRP preparation along with the lack of large randomized controlled trials needs to be addressed in future studies. Until definitive large RCTs are available, PRP use should be considered experimental.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"38","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics"}}},"pageStart":"1003","pageEnd":"1012","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-021-02146-9","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s10815-021-02146-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33723748"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/goals-life-events-and-transitions-examining-fertility-apps-for-holistic-health-t-rec7erzed6shaundt/","name":"Goals, life events, and transitions: examining fertility apps for holistic health  tracking","headline":"Goals, life events, and transitions: examining fertility apps for holistic health  tracking","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/goals-life-events-and-transitions-examining-fertility-apps-for-holistic-health-t-rec7erzed6shaundt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mayara Costa Figueiredo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1880-4704","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Irvine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Costa Figueiredo M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Daniel A Epstein","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2657-6345","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Irvine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yiqing Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6870-4202","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thu Huynh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6655-516X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Irvine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Takei","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Irvine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771"}}],"datePublished":"2021-03-16","abstract":"Objective: Fertility is becoming increasingly supported by consumer health technologies, especially mobile apps that support self-tracking activities. However, it is not clear whether the apps support the variety of goals and life events of those who menstruate, especially during transitions between them.\n\nMethods: Thirty-one of the most popular fertility apps were evaluated, analyzing data from three sources: the content of app store pages, app features, and user reviews.\n\nFindings: Results suggest that fertility apps are designed to support specific life goals of people who menstruate, offering several data collection features and limited feedback options. However, users often desire holistic tracking that encompasses a variety of goals, life events, and the transitions among them.\n\nDISCUSSION: These findings suggest fertility patients can benefit more from holistic self-tracking and provide insights for future design of consumer health technologies that better support holistic fertility tracking.\n\nConclusion: Fertility apps have the potential to support varied experiences of people who menstruate. But to achieve that, apps need to expand their support by offering ways for more users to perform holistic, personalized, and personally meaningful tracking, so they can derive long-term benefit from the data they collect.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMIA Open"}}},"pageStart":"ooab013","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/jamiaopen/ooab013","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q114103257"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/jamiaopen/ooab013"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33718804"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q114103257"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/increasing-awareness-about-male-infertility-an-overview-of-the-sperm-dna-fragmen-rec66dojebrxnjrhn/","name":"Increasing Awareness About Male Infertility: An Overview of the Sperm DNA Fragmentation Study Group (SFRAG) Guidelines","headline":"Increasing Awareness About Male Infertility: An Overview of the Sperm DNA Fragmentation Study Group (SFRAG) Guidelines","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/increasing-awareness-about-male-infertility-an-overview-of-the-sperm-dna-fragmen-rec66dojebrxnjrhn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sandro C Esteves","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1313-9680","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04wffgt70"}}],"datePublished":"2021-03-13","abstract":"Prostate cancer remains one of the most prevalent malignancies among men worldwide, with early and accurate diagnosis being critical for improving outcomes [...]","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Société Internationale d’Urologie Journal"}}},"pageStart":"129","pageEnd":"132","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.48083/WNAU8209","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.48083/WNAU8209"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/update-on-pcos-consequences-challenges-and-guiding-treatment-gdzzryfu/","name":"Update on PCOS: Consequences, Challenges, and Guiding Treatment","headline":"Update on PCOS: Consequences, Challenges, and Guiding Treatment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/update-on-pcos-consequences-challenges-and-guiding-treatment-gdzzryfu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hoeger KM","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9285-3606"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anuja Dokras","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1085-3969","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pennsylvania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Terhi Piltonen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9921-7300","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oulu University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045ney286"}}],"datePublished":"2021-03-08","abstract":"Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common reproductive endocrine disorders in women and despite this, diagnostic challenges, delayed diagnosis, and less-than-optimal treatment regimens plague the condition. The International PCOS network, consisting of geographically diverse international experts in PCOS as well as consumers, engaged in a multi-year international evidence-based guideline development process that was jointly sponsored by the European Society for Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) and the American Society of Reproductive Medicine (ASRM). The guideline was published in 2018 and endorsed by more than 40 international societies involved in PCOS. Translation of this evidence-based guideline to medical practice and consumer groups remains a priority. However, there remain many challenges to both understanding the diagnosis and treatment of PCOS. Evidence suggests that both clinicians and consumers are not satisfied with the timeliness of diagnosis and treatment options. This review summarizes the important findings for diagnosis and treatment from the guidelines and expands on recent developments in the literature since its publication. Special attention to diagnosis at the ends of the reproductive spectrum are discussed and remaining areas of controversy are noted. Additionally, the review highlights some of the remaining challenges in the understanding and management of PCOS to help guide clinicians and investigators in this perplexing condition.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgaa839","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102205709"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/clinem/dgaa839"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33211867"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q102205709"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/combined-oral-contraceptive-use-increases-the-risk-of-venous-thromboembolism-aft-nfsw8ag8/","name":"Combined Oral Contraceptive Use Increases the Risk of Venous Thromboembolism After Knee Arthroscopy and Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: An Analysis of 64,165 Patients in the Truven Database","headline":"Combined Oral Contraceptive Use Increases the Risk of Venous Thromboembolism After Knee Arthroscopy and Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: An Analysis of 64,165 Patients in the Truven Database","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/combined-oral-contraceptive-use-increases-the-risk-of-venous-thromboembolism-aft-nfsw8ag8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Traven SA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Farley KX"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gottschalk MB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Goodloe JB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Woolf SK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xerogeanes JW"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Slone HS"}],"datePublished":"2021-03-01","abstract":"PURPOSE: To use the Truven MarketScan database to (1) report the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE), including deep vein thromboses (DVTs) and pulmonary embolism (PE), in patients undergoing simple knee arthroscopy and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, and (2) evaluate combined oral contraceptive (COCP) use as a potential risk factor for VTE in patients undergoing knee arthroscopy.\n\nMETHODS: All female patients between the ages of 16 and 40 years undergoing knee arthroscopy and ACL reconstruction between 2010 and 2015 were identified in the MarketScan database. Patients were stratified by whether they had a documented pharmaceutical claim for COCP therapy, and the primary outcome was the risk of DVT and or PE within 90 postoperative days.\n\nRESULTS: In total, 64,165 patients were identified for inclusion. While the overall incidence of VTE was low, patients taking COCPs had an increased risk of a DVT or PE compared with those not on COCPs (odds ratio [OR] 2.1, P < .001). When patients were analyzed by procedural subgroup (ACL reconstruction and simple knee arthroscopy), similar results held true. Furthermore, smoking and obesity had a synergistic effect when combined with COCPs use on the risk of VTE. Specifically, 3.1% of patients with obesity on COCPs (OR 3.1, P < .001) and 4.0% of smokers on COCPs (OR 4.3, P < .001) developed a postoperative VTE.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that COCP use is associated with an increased risk for a symptomatic DVT or PE (1.70% and 0.27%, respectively) after knee arthroscopy and an increased risk for DVT, but not PE (1.80% and 0.23%, respectively), after ACL reconstruction. In addition, patients with multiple risk factors present such as tobacco use, obesity, and COCP use had odds ratios greater than the sum of the individual risk factors alone.\n\nLEVEL OF EVIDENCE: level III prognostic cohort study.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"37","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Arthroscopy : the journal of arthroscopic & related surgery : official publication of the Arthroscopy Association of North America and the International Arthroscopy Association"}}},"pageStart":"924","pageEnd":"931","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arthro.2020.10.025","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.arthro.2020.10.025"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33478778"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/minimum-standards-for-practices-offering-assisted-reproductive-technologies-a-co-pocejb9g/","name":"Minimum standards for practices offering assisted reproductive technologies: a committee opinion","headline":"Minimum standards for practices offering assisted reproductive technologies: a committee opinion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/minimum-standards-for-practices-offering-assisted-reproductive-technologies-a-co-pocejb9g/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Practice Committee of the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Practice Committee of the Society of Reproductive Biologists and Technologists. Electronic address: asrm@asrm.org"}],"datePublished":"2021-03-01","abstract":"This document is designed to provide a framework for assisted reproductive technology (ART) programs that meet or exceed the requirements suggested by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for certification of ART laboratories. This document replaces the document \"Revised Minimum Standards for Practices Offering Assisted Reproductive Technologies: A Committee Opinion\" published in 2019.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"115","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"578","pageEnd":"582","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2020.12.036","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2020.12.036"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33568271"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mechanisms-and-pathways-of-pain-photobiomodulation-a-narrative-review-reczkkx2gyk3loixp/","name":"Mechanisms and Pathways of Pain Photobiomodulation: A Narrative Review","headline":"Mechanisms and Pathways of Pain Photobiomodulation: A Narrative Review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mechanisms-and-pathways-of-pain-photobiomodulation-a-narrative-review-reczkkx2gyk3loixp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kevin Cheng","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8043-9851","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Arizona","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marvin J Slepian","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7864-6691","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Arizona","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amol Patwardhan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0914-0408","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Arizona","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mohab M Ibrahim","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; Department of Neu..."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laurent F Martin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7358-5335","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45"}}],"datePublished":"2021-02-27","abstract":"A growing body of evidence supports the modulation of pain by light exposure. As such, phototherapy is being increasingly utilized for the management of a variety of pain conditions. The modes of delivery, and hence applications of phototherapy, vary by wavelength, intensity, and route of exposure. As such, differing mechanisms of action exist depending upon those parameters. Cutaneous application of red light (660 nm) has been shown to reduce pain in neuropathies and complex regional pain syndrome-I, whereas visual application of the same wavelength of red light has been reported to exacerbate migraine headache in patients and lead to the development of functional pain in animal models. Interestingly visual exposure to green light can result in reduction in pain in variety of pain conditions such as migraine and fibromyalgia. Cutaneous application typically requires exposure on the order of minutes, whereas visual application requires exposure on the order of hours. Both routes of exposure elicit changes centrally in the brainstem and spinal cord, and peripherally in the dorsal root ganglia and nociceptors. The mechanisms of photobiomodulation of pain presented in this review provide a foundation in furtherance of exploration of the utility of phototherapy as a tool in the management of pain. PERSPECTIVE: This review synopsizes the pathways and mechanisms through which light modulates pain and the therapeutic utility of different colors and exposure modalities of light on pain. Recent advances in photobiomodulation provide a foundation for understanding this novel treatment for pain on which future translational and clinical studies can build upon.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Pain"}}},"pageStart":"763","pageEnd":"777","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2021.02.005","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jpain.2021.02.005"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33636371"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-prevalence-of-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-a-brief-systematic-review-recxim7wm1lcfwnyp/","name":"The Prevalence of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Brief Systematic Review","headline":"The Prevalence of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Brief Systematic Review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-prevalence-of-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-a-brief-systematic-review-recxim7wm1lcfwnyp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"ChandraS Pundir","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Maharshi Dayanand University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03kaab451"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vinay Narwal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3609-6660","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Maharshi Dayanand University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03kaab451"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amita Suneja Dang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5015-3502","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Maharshi Dayanand University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03kaab451"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amita Dang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2005-9013","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Medical Biotechnology, MD University, Rohtak, Haryana, India."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ritu Deswal","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Maharshi Dayanand University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03kaab451"}}],"datePublished":"2021-02-26","abstract":"Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the major endocrinopathy among reproductive-aged women, is not yet perceived as an important health problem in the world. It affects 4%-20% of women of reproductive age worldwide. The prevalence, diagnosis, etiology, management, clinical practices, psychological issues, and prevention are some of the most confusing aspects associated with PCOS.\n\nAim: The exact prevalence figures regarding PCOS are limited and unclear. The aim of this review is to summarize comprehensively the current knowledge on the prevalence of PCOS.\n\nMaterials and Methods: Literature search was performed through PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar (up to December 2019). All relevant articles published in English language were identified following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.\n\nResults: Our analysis yielded 27 surveys with a pooled mean prevalence of 21.27% using different diagnostic criteria. The proportion of women with PCOS also increased in the last decade.\n\nConclusion: The current review summarizes and interprets the results of all published prevalence studies and highlights the burden of the syndrome, thereby supporting early identification and prevention of PCOS in order to reverse the persistent upward trend of prevalence.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Human Reproductive Sciences"}}},"pageStart":"261","pageEnd":"271","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jhrs.JHRS_95_18","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4103/jhrs.JHRS_95_18"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33627974"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-menstrual-disturbances-in-endocrine-disorders-a-narrative-review-recw9ferolumqy1n5/","name":"The Menstrual Disturbances in Endocrine Disorders: A Narrative Review","headline":"The Menstrual Disturbances in Endocrine Disorders: A Narrative Review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-menstrual-disturbances-in-endocrine-disorders-a-narrative-review-recw9ferolumqy1n5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marzieh Saei Ghare Naz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1259-2459","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01kpm1136"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Saei Ghare Naz M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rostami Dovom M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fahimeh Ramezani Tehrani","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4621-7972","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01kpm1136"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ramezani Tehrani F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marzieh Rostami Dovom","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/034m2b326"}}],"datePublished":"2021-02-23","abstract":"Context: Menstrual cycle is considered the fifth vital sign among women. This study aimed to summarize the menstrual disturbances in different endocrine disorders.\nEvidence Acquisition: In this narrative review, relevant studies (up to December 2019) were searched based on the MeSH keywords diabetes, polycystic ovary syndrome, Cushing's syndrome, thyroid dysfunction, hyperprolactinemia, menstrual cycle, uterine bleeding, and menstruation. Databases used for searching articles included Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of science for observational, experimental, and review studies.\n\nResults: Endocrine disorders trigger the onset of menstrual disturbance across the reproductive lifespan of women. Endocrine glands (pituitary, thyroid, pancreas, adrenal, and ovaries) have a functional role in endocrine regulation of the menstrual cycle. According to available evidence, oligomenorrhea (cycles longer than 35 days) is the most common menstrual disturbance among endocrine disorders (thyrotoxicosis, hypothyroidism, polycystic ovary syndrome, Cushing's syndrome, and diabetes). Complex endocrine pathways play an essential role in a women's menstrual calendar.\n\nConclusions: The menstrual cycle length and amount of bleeding can be indicative of endocrine disorders. Further studies are needed to identify the unknowns about the association between endocrine disorders and the menstrual cycle.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"e106694","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijem.106694","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.5812/ijem.106694"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33613678"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/shortterm-westernstyle-diet-negatively-impacts-reproductive-outcomes-in-primates-ktz0wald/","name":"Short-term Western-style diet negatively impacts reproductive outcomes in primates","headline":"Short-term Western-style diet negatively impacts reproductive outcomes in primates","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/shortterm-westernstyle-diet-negatively-impacts-reproductive-outcomes-in-primates-ktz0wald/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ravisankar S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ting AY"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Murphy MJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Redmayne N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D. Wang","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sichuan Cancer Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/029wq9x81"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"McArthur CA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Takahashi DL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kievit P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chavez SL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hennebold JD"}],"datePublished":"2021-02-22","abstract":"A maternal Western-style diet (WSD) is associated with poor reproductive outcomes, but whether this is from the diet itself or underlying metabolic dysfunction is unknown. Here, we performed a longitudinal study using regularly cycling female rhesus macaques (n = 10) that underwent 2 consecutive in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles, one while consuming a low-fat diet and another 6-8 months after consuming a high-fat WSD. Metabolic data were collected from the females prior to each IVF cycle. Follicular fluid (FF) and oocytes were assessed for cytokine/steroid levels and IVF potential, respectively. Although transition to a WSD led to weight gain and increased body fat, no difference in insulin levels was observed. A significant decrease in IL-1RA concentration and the ratio of cortisol/cortisone was detected in FF after WSD intake. Despite an increased probability of isolating mature oocytes, a 44% reduction in blastocyst number was observed with WSD consumption, and time-lapse imaging revealed delayed mitotic timing and multipolar divisions. RNA sequencing of blastocysts demonstrated dysregulation of genes involved in RNA binding, protein channel activity, mitochondrial function and pluripotency versus cell differentiation after WSD consumption. Thus, short-term WSD consumption promotes a proinflammatory intrafollicular microenvironment that is associated with impaired preimplantation development in the absence of large-scale metabolic changes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JCI insight"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.138312","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1172/jci.insight.138312"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33616080"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/biophysical-effects-safety-and-efficacy-of-raspberry-leaf-use-in-pregnancy-a-sys-recg2237349eqrbkd/","name":"\"Biophysical effects, safety and efficacy of raspberry leaf use in pregnancy: a systematic integrative review\"","headline":"\"Biophysical effects, safety and efficacy of raspberry leaf use in pregnancy: a systematic integrative review\"","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/biophysical-effects-safety-and-efficacy-of-raspberry-leaf-use-in-pregnancy-a-sys-recg2237349eqrbkd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"James S. McLay","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1120-6704","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Aberdeen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016476m91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Naila Izzati","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Aberdeen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016476m91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Abdulrouf Pallivalapila","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4937-8891","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Qatar Airways (Qatar)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01hx00y13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ashalatha Shetty","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8280-5325"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Binita Pande","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NHS Tayside","sameAs":"https://ror.org/000ywep40"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Craig Rore","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aberdeen Royal Infirmary","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02q49af68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Moza Al Hail","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Qatar Airways (Qatar)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01hx00y13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Stewart","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6180-3398"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rebekah Bowman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5933-0758","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Canberra, 11 Kirinari St, Bruce ACT, 2617, Australia.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04s1nv328"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Deborah Davis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7774-2016","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Canberra, 11 Kirinari St, Bruce ACT, 2617, Australia. Deborah.davis@canberra.edu.au.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04s1nv328"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sally Muggleton","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Canberra, 11 Kirinari St, Bruce ACT, 2617, Australia.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04s1nv328"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jan Taylor","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7297-2587","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Canberra, 11 Kirinari St, Bruce ACT, 2617, Australia.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04s1nv328"}}],"datePublished":"2021-02-09","abstract":"Background: Childbearing women have been using various herbs to assist with pregnancy, labour and birth for centuries. One of the most common is raspberry leaf. The evidence base for the use of raspberry leaf is however under-developed. It is incumbent on midwives and other maternity care providers to provide women with evidence-based information so they can make informed choices. The aim of this study was to review the research literature to identify the evidence base on the biophysical effects, safety and efficacy of raspberry leaf in pregnancy.\n\nMethods: A systematic, integrative review was undertaken. Six databases were searched to identify empirical research papers published in peer reviewed journals including in vitro, in vivo, human and animal studies. The search included the databases CINAHL, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Scopus and Web of Science Core Collection and AMED. Identified studies were appraised independently by two reviewers using the MMAT appraisal instrument. An integrative approach was taken to analysis.\n\nResults: Thirteen studies were included. Five were laboratory studies using animal and human tissue, two were experiments using animals, and six were human studies. Included studies were published between 1941 and 2016. Raspberry leaf has been shown to have biophysical effects on animal and human smooth muscle including the uterus. Toxity was demonstrated when high doses were administered intravenously or intaperitoneally in animal studies. Human studies have not shown any harm or benefit though one study demonstrated a clinically meaningful (though non-statistically significant) reduction in length of second stage and augmentation of labour in women taking raspberry leaf.\n\nConclusions: Many women use raspberry leaf in pregnancy to facilitate labour and birth. The evidence base supporting the use of raspeberry leaf in pregnancy is weak and further research is needed to address the question of raspberry leaf's effectiveness.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMC complementary medicine and therapies"}}},"pageStart":"56","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-017-2052-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47137566"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s12906-017-2052-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33563275"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47137566"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-impact-of-menstrual-cycle-phase-on-athletes-performance-a-narrative-review-fkc4rdru/","name":"The Impact of Menstrual Cycle Phase on Athletes' Performance: A Narrative Review","headline":"The Impact of Menstrual Cycle Phase on Athletes' Performance: A Narrative Review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-impact-of-menstrual-cycle-phase-on-athletes-performance-a-narrative-review-fkc4rdru/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Carmichael MA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rebecca L Thomson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7807-4144","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of South Australia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p93h210"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa Moran","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1472-4264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Monash Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02t1bej08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wycherley TP"}],"datePublished":"2021-02-09","abstract":"The effect of the menstrual cycle on physical performance is being increasingly recognised as a key consideration for women's sport and a critical field for further research. This narrative review explores the findings of studies investigating the effects of menstrual cycle phase on perceived and objectively measured performance in an athletic population. Studies examining perceived performance consistently report that female athletes identify their performance to be relatively worse during the early follicular and late luteal phases. Studies examining objective performance (using anaerobic, aerobic or strength-related tests) do not report clear, consistent effects of the impact of menstrual cycle phase on physical performance. Overall sport performance can be influenced by both perceived and physical factors. Hence, to optimise performance and management of eumenorrheic female athletes, there is a need for further research to quantify the impact of menstrual cycle phase on perceived and physical performance outcomes and to identify factors affecting variability in objective performance outcomes between studies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International journal of environmental research and public health"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041667","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/ijerph18041667"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33572406"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/biophysical-effects-safety-and-efficacy-of-raspberry-leaf-use-in-pregnancy-a-sys-rec8f1btebvfe1otg/","name":"\"Biophysical effects, safety and efficacy of raspberry leaf use in pregnancy: a systematic integrative review\"","headline":"\"Biophysical effects, safety and efficacy of raspberry leaf use in pregnancy: a systematic integrative review\"","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/biophysical-effects-safety-and-efficacy-of-raspberry-leaf-use-in-pregnancy-a-sys-rec8f1btebvfe1otg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rebekah Bowman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5933-0758","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Canberra, 11 Kirinari St, Bruce ACT, 2617, Australia.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04s1nv328"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jan Taylor","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7297-2587","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Canberra, 11 Kirinari St, Bruce ACT, 2617, Australia.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04s1nv328"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Deborah Davis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7774-2016","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Canberra, 11 Kirinari St, Bruce ACT, 2617, Australia. Deborah.davis@canberra.edu.au.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04s1nv328"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sally Muggleton","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Canberra, 11 Kirinari St, Bruce ACT, 2617, Australia.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04s1nv328"}}],"datePublished":"2021-02-09","abstract":"Background: Childbearing women have been using various herbs to assist with pregnancy, labour and birth for centuries. One of the most common is raspberry leaf. The evidence base for the use of raspberry leaf is however under-developed. It is incumbent on midwives and other maternity care providers to provide women with evidence-based information so they can make informed choices. The aim of this study was to review the research literature to identify the evidence base on the biophysical effects, safety and efficacy of raspberry leaf in pregnancy.\n\nMethods: A systematic, integrative review was undertaken. Six databases were searched to identify empirical research papers published in peer reviewed journals including in vitro, in vivo, human and animal studies. The search included the databases CINAHL, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Scopus and Web of Science Core Collection and AMED. Identified studies were appraised independently by two reviewers using the MMAT appraisal instrument. An integrative approach was taken to analysis.\n\nResults: Thirteen studies were included. Five were laboratory studies using animal and human tissue, two were experiments using animals, and six were human studies. Included studies were published between 1941 and 2016. Raspberry leaf has been shown to have biophysical effects on animal and human smooth muscle including the uterus. Toxity was demonstrated when high doses were administered intravenously or intaperitoneally in animal studies. Human studies have not shown any harm or benefit though one study demonstrated a clinically meaningful (though non-statistically significant) reduction in length of second stage and augmentation of labour in women taking raspberry leaf.\n\nConclusions: Many women use raspberry leaf in pregnancy to facilitate labour and birth. The evidence base supporting the use of raspeberry leaf in pregnancy is weak and further research is needed to address the question of raspberry leaf’s effectiveness.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-021-03230-4","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s12906-021-03230-4"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-cycles-app-contraceptive-outcomes-and-demographic-analysis-of-uk-users-rec1ftoag8eeaa7o2/","name":"Natural Cycles app: contraceptive outcomes and demographic analysis of UK users","headline":"Natural Cycles app: contraceptive outcomes and demographic analysis of UK users","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-cycles-app-contraceptive-outcomes-and-demographic-analysis-of-uk-users-rec1ftoag8eeaa7o2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jack T Pearson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6160-2134","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Natural Cycles Nordic AB, Stockholm, Sweden","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056hm0802"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Simon P Rowland","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5842-3872","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Natural Cycles USA Corp, New York, New York, USA.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056hm0802"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eleonora Benhar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6654-4906","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Natural Cycles USA Corp, New York, New York, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Berglund Scherwitzl E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan Walker","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8671-8707","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Anglia Ruskin University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0009t4v78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gemzell Danielsson K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kristina Gemzell‐Danielsson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6516-1444","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Karolinska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00m8d6786"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elina Berglund Scherwitzl","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Natural Cycles Nordic AB, Stockholm, Sweden","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056hm0802"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Magda Chelstowska","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Natural Cycles Nordic AB, Stockholm, Sweden","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056hm0802"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kristina Gemzell-Danielsson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emily Mcilwaine","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Natural Cycles Nordic AB, Stockholm, Sweden"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Raoul Scherwitzl","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Natural Cycles Nordic AB, Stockholm, Sweden","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056hm0802"}}],"datePublished":"2021-02-05","abstract":"Purpose: Digital fertility awareness-based contraception offers an alternative choice for women who do not wish to use hormonal or invasive methods. The aim of this study was to investigate the key demographics of current users of the Natural Cycles app and assess the contraceptive outcomes of women preventing pregnancy in a UK cohort of women.\n\nMaterials and Methods: This was a real world observational prospective observational study. The typical-use effectiveness of the method was calculated using both 13-cycle cumulative probability of pregnancy (life table analysis) and Pearl Index for the entire study cohort. Perfect-use PI was calculated using data from cycles where sexual intercourse during the fertile window was marked as protected and no unprotected sex was recorded on fertile days.\n\nResults: 12,247 women were included in the study and contributed an average of 9.9 months of data for a total of 10,066 woman years of exposure. The mean age of the cohort was 30, mean BMI 23.4, the majority were in a stable relationship (83.2%) and had a university degree or higher (83%). The one year typical use, PI was 6.1 (95% CI: 5.6, 6.6) and with perfect-use was 2.0 (95% CI: 1.3, 2.8). 13 cycle pregnancy probability was 7.1%.\n\nConclusions: This is the first study which describes the use of a digital contraceptive by women in the UK. It describes the demographics of users and how they correlate with the apps effectiveness at preventing pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"26","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care : the Official  Journal of the European Society of Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"105","pageEnd":"110","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13625187.2020.1867844","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/13625187.2020.1867844"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33539252"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-and-marital-chastity-the-effects-of-periodic-abstinence--rectdr7oobe7yntpq/","name":"Natural Family Planning and Marital Chastity: The Effects of Periodic Abstinence  on Marital Relationships","headline":"Natural Family Planning and Marital Chastity: The Effects of Periodic Abstinence  on Marital Relationships","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-and-marital-chastity-the-effects-of-periodic-abstinence--rectdr7oobe7yntpq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael D Manhart","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1727-1846","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"RTI International","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052tfza37"}}],"datePublished":"2021-01-26","abstract":"Marital chastity is the practice of periodic abstinence with use of natural family planning (NFP). The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of the most common methods of contraception (female sterilization, oral contraceptive pills, and condoms) and NFP on divorce/separation and cohabitation rates among reproductive age women. The study involved an extensive review of the literature on the effects of practice of NFP on marital dynamics and a statistical analysis of 2,550 ever-married women in the (2015-2017) National Survey of Family Growth data set. Importance of religion and frequency of church attendance were included in the analysis. With ever-use of NFP, 14 percent were divorced or separated, and 27 percent to 39 percent were divorced or separated with ever-use of oral contraceptive pills. Stepwise logistic regression indicated that ever-use of contraception was associated with increased odds of divorce or separation (odds ratio [OR] = 2.05; confidence interval [CI]: 1.96-2.49) and cohabitation (2.95, CI: 2.20-3.95). Ever-use of NFP yielded 58 percent lower odds for divorce or separation. Frequent church attendance was associated with lower odds of divorce or separation and cohabitation. Although there are lower odds of divorce among NFP users, the reason might be due to their religiosity.\nSummary: This study showed that ever-use of natural family planning (NFP) among ever-married women was associated with 58 percent lower odds of divorce than among women who never-used NFP. Ever-use of contraceptive methods was associated with two times the odds of divorce and four times for cohabitation compared to those women who never-used those methods. Use of periodic abstinence with NFP is the practice of marital chastity and is thought to strengthen the marital relationship.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"88","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"42","pageEnd":"55","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0024363920930875","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/0024363920930875"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33487745"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/iodine-and-fertility-do-we-know-enough-60cxkekl/","name":"Iodine and fertility: do we know enough?","headline":"Iodine and fertility: do we know enough?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/iodine-and-fertility-do-we-know-enough-60cxkekl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mathews DM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Johnson NP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sim RG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"O'Sullivan S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peart JM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hofman PL"}],"datePublished":"2021-01-25","abstract":"Iodine is a vital micronutrient and its importance in thyroid function is well established. However, abnormalities in iodine intake may also have other effects. In particular, iodine is taken up avidly by the ovary and endometrium. Iodine deficiency is associated with reduced fertility. The use of high iodine concentration contrast media has recently been shown to improve conception rates in couples with unexplained infertility (UI). We hypothesize that this improvement could be related to the iodine excess and mechanisms independent of its action on thyroid. In this article, the metabolism of iodine and its potential role in fertility will be discussed, including the impact of both iodine deficiency and excess states and the importance of iodine in normal fetal development. This will include insights from animal studies on the effect of iodine in the uterine and ovarian structural environment, hormonal milieu and immunological factors affecting implantation. We speculate that iodine may well have a role as a potential therapy for UI.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"36","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"265","pageEnd":"274","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deaa312","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104111542"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/deaa312"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33289034"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q104111542"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-clinical-approach-to-catamenial-epilepsy-a-review-rec9v3gngrzzyitm1/","name":"A Clinical Approach to Catamenial Epilepsy: A Review","headline":"A Clinical Approach to Catamenial Epilepsy: A Review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-clinical-approach-to-catamenial-epilepsy-a-review-rec9v3gngrzzyitm1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Samuel Frank","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7855-6661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Princeton University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hx57361"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nichole Tyson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8550-937X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaiser Permanente","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t60zh31"}}],"datePublished":"2021-01-24","abstract":"Importance: Catamenial epilepsy (CE) is exacerbated by hormonal fluctuations during the menstrual cycle. Approximately 1.7 million women have epilepsy in the United States. CE affects more than 40% of women with epilepsy. There is a paucity of literature addressing this condition from a clinical standpoint, and the literature that does exist is limited to the neurological community. This article reviews the diagnosis and management of CE for the non-neurologist. Women with CE have early touch points in their care with numerous health care providers before ever consulting with a specialist, including OB/GYNs, pediatricians, emergency department physicians, and family medicine providers. In addition, women affected by CE have seizures that are more recalcitrant to traditional epilepsy treatment regimens. To optimize management in patients affected by CE, menstrual physiology must be understood, individualized hormonal contraception treatment considered, and adjustments and interactions with antiepileptic drugs addressed.\nObservations: CE is a unique subset of seizure disorders affected by menstrual fluctuations of progesterone and estrogen. The diagnosis of CE has been refined and clarified. There is an ever-increasing understanding of the importance and variety of options of hormonal contraception available to help manage CE. Furthermore, antiepileptic drugs and contraception can interact, so attention must be directed to optimizing both regimens to prevent uncontrolled seizures and pregnancy. CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE: CE can be diagnosed with charting of menstrual cycles and seizure activity. Hormonal treatments that induce amenorrhea have been shown to reduce CE. Optimizing antiepileptic drug dosing and contraceptive methods also can minimize unplanned pregnancies in women affected by CE.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Permanente Journal"}}},"pageStart":"1","pageEnd":"3","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.7812/TPP/19.145","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.7812/TPP/19.145"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33482944"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/photobiomodulation-the-clinical-applications-of-low-level-light-therapy-recykj6iwdcc2qtem/","name":"Photobiomodulation: The Clinical Applications of Low-Level Light Therapy","headline":"Photobiomodulation: The Clinical Applications of Low-Level Light Therapy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/photobiomodulation-the-clinical-applications-of-low-level-light-therapy-recykj6iwdcc2qtem/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Graeme Ewan Glass","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4819-8477","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Surgery, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar."}}],"datePublished":"2021-01-21","abstract":"Background: Low-level light therapy (LLLT) is a recent addition to the pantheon of light-based therapeutic interventions. The absorption of red/near-infrared light energy, a process termed \"photobiomodulation,\" enhances mitochondrial ATP production, cell signaling, and growth factor synthesis, and attenuates oxidative stress. Photobiomodulation is now highly commercialized with devices marketed directly to the consumer. In the gray area between the commercial and therapeutic sectors, harnessing the clinical potential in reproducible and scientifically measurable ways remains challenging.\n\nObjectives: The aim of this article was to summarize the clinical evidence for photobiomodulation and discuss the regulatory framework for this therapy.\n\nMethods: A review of the clinical literature pertaining to the use of LLLT for skin rejuvenation (facial rhytids and dyschromias), acne vulgaris, wound healing, body contouring, and androgenic alopecia was performed.\n\nResults: A reasonable body of clinical trial evidence exists to support the role of low-energy red/near-infrared light as a safe and effective method of skin rejuvenation, treatment of acne vulgaris and alopecia, and, especially, body contouring. Methodologic flaws, small patient cohorts, and industry funding mean there is ample scope to improve the quality of evidence. It remains unclear if light-emitting diode sources induce physiologic effects of compararable nature and magnitude to those of the laser-based systems used in most of the higher-quality studies.\n\nConclusions: LLLT is here to stay. However, its ubiquity and commercial success have outpaced empirical approaches on which solid clinical evidence is established. Thus, the challenge is to prove its therapeutic utility in retrospect. Well-designed, adequately powered, independent clinical trials will help us answer some of the unresolved questions and enable the potential of this therapy to be realized.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"41","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Aesthetic Surgery Journal"}}},"pageStart":"723","pageEnd":"738","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/asj/sjab025","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/asj/sjab025"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33471046"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/practical-clinical-and-diagnostic-pathway-for-the-investigation-of-the-infertile-hahaknth/","name":"Practical Clinical and Diagnostic Pathway for the Investigation of the Infertile Couple","headline":"Practical Clinical and Diagnostic Pathway for the Investigation of the Infertile Couple","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/practical-clinical-and-diagnostic-pathway-for-the-investigation-of-the-infertile-hahaknth/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrea Garolla","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4736-9051","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Padua","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00240q980"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pizzol D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A R Carosso","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7734-4499","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Turin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/048tbm396"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrea Borini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9049-0020"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ubaldi FM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A E Calogero","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6950-335X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Catania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alberto Ferlin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5817-8141","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Padua","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00240q980"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonio Lanzone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4119-414X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oasi Maria SS","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dqmaq38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tomei F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Engl B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laura Rienzi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8104-3958","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Clinica Valle Giulia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05aq4y378"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"De Santis L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Coticchio G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lee Smith"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cannarella R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anastasi A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Menegazzo M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stuppia L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Corsini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9603-1589","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Padua","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00240q980"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Foresta","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6576-2183","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Padua","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00240q980"}}],"datePublished":"2021-01-19","abstract":"CAPSULE: This expert opinion summarizes current knowledge on risk factors for infertility and identifies a practical clinical and diagnostic approach for the male and female partners of an infertile couple aimed to improve the investigation and management of fertility problems. BACKGROUND: Infertility represents an important and growing health problem affecting up to 16% of couples worldwide. In most cases, male, female, or combined factor can be identified, and different causes or risk factors have been related to this condition. However, there are no standardized guidelines on the clinical-diagnostic approach of infertile couples and the recommendations concerning infertility are sometimes lacking, incomplete, or problematic to apply. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this work is to provide an appropriate clinical and diagnostic pathway for infertile couples designed by a multidisciplinary-team of experts. The rationale is based on the history and physical examination and then oriented on the basis of initial investigations. This approach could be applied in order to reduce variation in practice and to improve the investigation and management of fertility problems. METHODS: Prominent Italian experts of the main specialties committed in the ART procedures, including gynecologists, andrologists, embryologists, biologists, geneticists, oncologists, and microbiologists, called \"InfertilItaly group\", used available evidence to develop this expert position. OUTCOMES: Starting from the individuation of the principal risk factors that may influence the fertility of females and males and both genders, the work group identified most appropriate procedures using a gradual approach to both partners aimed to obtain a precise diagnosis and the most effective therapeutic option, reducing invasive and occasionally redundant procedures. CONCLUSIONS: This expert position provides current knowledge on risk factors and suggests a diagnostic workflow of infertile couples. By using this step-by-step approach, health care workers involved in ART, may individuate a practical clinical management of infertile couples shared by experts.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2020.591837","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fendo.2020.591837"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33542705"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-three-contraceptive-methods-on-depression-and-sexual-function-an-anci-recad6bjr370ferge/","name":"Effects of three contraceptive methods on depression and sexual function: An  ancillary study of the ECHO randomized trial","headline":"Effects of three contraceptive methods on depression and sexual function: An  ancillary study of the ECHO randomized trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-three-contraceptive-methods-on-depression-and-sexual-function-an-anci-recad6bjr370ferge/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Carayon-Lefebvre d'Hellencourt F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Florence Carayon‐Lefebvre d’Hellencourt","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8613-2618","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"FHI 360 Durham NC USA"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Theresa A Lawrie","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5500-8590","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal United Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00a858n67"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yusentha Balakrishna","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6449-3260","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"South African Medical Research Council","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05q60vz69"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Justus Hofmeyr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3080-1007","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Walter Sisulu University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02svzjn28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Florence Carayon-Lefebvre d'Hellencourt","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"FHI 360, Durham, NC, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mandisa Singata-Madliki","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4193-8786","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Deputy Director, Effective Care Research Unit (ECRU), Eastern Cape Department of Health, East London Hospital Complex, Universities of the Witwatersrand and Fort Hare, East London, South Africa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05fnafm06"}}],"datePublished":"2021-01-16","abstract":"Objective: To compare the effects of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA-IM), levonorgestrel (LNG) implant, and copper intrauterine device (IUD) on mood and sexual function.\n\nMethods: At the Effective Care Research Unit in South Africa, women already randomized in the ECHO Trial to the three methods were asked to participate in this study. Participants were interviewed at 3 and 12 months after enrollment using the Beck Depression Inventory and Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale, and at 12 months using the WHO-5 Wellbeing Index and the Patient Global Impression scale.\n\nResults: A total of 605 women participated. There was little difference in depression at 3 months across the three study groups. Contrary to our hypothesis, at 12 months, depression was lowest among DMPA-IM users (16/167, 9.6%) and highest among IUD users (28/158, 17.7%) (p = 0.032). There was little difference in sexual function at any time-point. More women in the DMPA-IM group felt \"very much better\" on the PGI scale than in the IUD and LNG implant groups (p = 0.003).\n\nConclusion: Depression may be less likely with DMPA-IM than with the other methods 1 year after initiation. Major differences in sexual functioning are unlikely. Unhappiness related to not using DMPA-IM, the most popular method in our setting, may have skewed results.\n\nTRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: PACTR201706001651380.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"154","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: the Official Organ of the  International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics"}}},"pageStart":"256","pageEnd":"262","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijgo.13594","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/ijgo.13594"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33448029"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/simulated-effects-of-early-menopausal-bone-mineral-density-preservation-on-long--recaqn0bnp9kumq8d/","name":"Simulated effects of early menopausal bone mineral density preservation on long-term fracture risk: a feasibility study","headline":"Simulated effects of early menopausal bone mineral density preservation on long-term fracture risk: a feasibility study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/simulated-effects-of-early-menopausal-bone-mineral-density-preservation-on-long--recaqn0bnp9kumq8d/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"William D Leslie","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1056-1691","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02gfys938"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher S Kovacs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5219-9993","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John’s, NL, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04haebc03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephanie M Kaiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7183-5754","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tassos Anastassiades","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5805-0364","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tanveer Towheed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8738-9394","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Rheumatology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rtaxr13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gregory Kline","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8129-9360","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Calgary","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B C Lentle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6982-3406","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E O Billington","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4364-3522","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Calgary","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G A Kline","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6836-3930","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1406-4251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S M Kaiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3222-3711","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S N Morin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2549-6826","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}}],"datePublished":"2021-01-12","abstract":"Prevention of early menopausal bone loss may reduce the future burden of osteoporosis. In this modelling exercise, an osteoporosis prevention strategy involving 5-year infusions of zoledronic acid, beginning early in menopause, reduced long-term fracture risk and the proportion of aging women with femoral neck densitometric osteoporosis. This strategy warrants further evaluation.\nIntroduction: Preventing early menopausal bone loss may substantially reduce the future burden of osteoporosis. We modelled the effects of infrequent zoledronic acid infusions on long-term fracture risk.\n\nMethods: Data from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos) were used to determine the expected natural history of femoral neck areal bone mineral density (BMD) and fracture risk (using FRAX®) from ages 50-80 for women with no antiresorptive drug exposures. We modelled the effects of three infusions of zoledronic acid (at ages 50, 55, 60) on long-term fracture risk, assuming this intervention would preserve BMD until age 65 years, followed by losses mirroring early menopausal BMD loss.\n\nResults: At age 65, untreated women and zoledronic acid recipients had expected mean (SD) femoral neck T-scores of - 1.5(1.0) and - 0.8(1.0), 10-year major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) risks of 9.8%(5.0) and 8.0%(3.7) and hip fracture risks of 1.7%(2.4) and 0.8%(1.2), respectively. At age 80, untreated women and zoledronic acid recipients had expected femoral neck T-scores of - 1.9(0.9) and - 1.4(0.9), MOF risks of 17.9%(8.2) and 14.9%(6.4) and hip fracture risks of 6.3%(6.2) and 4.4%(4.5), respectively. The expected proportion of women with femoral neck T-score ≤ - 2.5 was 14.9% for untreated women and 3.8% for zoledronic acid recipients at age 65, increasing to 28.1% and 12.0%, respectively, at age 80. Numbers-needed-to-treat to prevent one case of densitometric osteoporosis were 9 at age 65 and 5 at age 80.\n\nConclusion: Infrequent infusions of zoledronic acid, initiated early in menopause, are expected to reduce long-term fracture risk and result in a substantial reduction in the proportion of women with densitometric osteoporosis after age 65.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Osteoporos Int"}}},"pageStart":"1313","pageEnd":"1320","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-021-05826-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q135391681"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00198-021-05826-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33438038"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q135391681"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/post-caesarean-niche-isthmocele-in-uterine-scar-an-update-recnjrc6dl98rsmdw/","name":"Post-caesarean Niche (Isthmocele) in Uterine Scar: An Update","headline":"Post-caesarean Niche (Isthmocele) in Uterine Scar: An Update","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/post-caesarean-niche-isthmocele-in-uterine-scar-an-update-recnjrc6dl98rsmdw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Nutan Agarwal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0483-055X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"All India Institute of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02dwcqs71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Garima Kachhawa","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"All India Institute of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02dwcqs71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vidushi Kulshrestha","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8519-6847","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"All India Institute of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02dwcqs71"}}],"datePublished":"2021-01-09","abstract":"Uterine niche is one of the emerging complications of caesarean section. With rising caesarean rates, the caesarean-related iatrogenic complications are also on the rise. These include placenta accreta, scar ectopic pregnancy and uterine niche which is a newer entity being described in the recent literature. Uterine niche, also described as uterine isthmocele, caesarean scar defect and diverticulum, is an iatrogenic defect in the myometrium at the site of previous caesarean scar due to defective tissue healing. Patients may have varied symptoms including abnormal uterine bleeding, post-menstrual spotting and infertility, though many women may be asymptomatic and diagnosed incidentally. Diagnosis is made radiologically by transvaginal sonography, saline instillation sonohysterography or magnetic resonance imaging. Occurrence of niche may be prevented by using correct surgical technique during caesarean. Patients may be managed medically; however, subfertility and persistent symptoms may require surgical correction either by hysteroscopic resection or transabdominal or transvaginal repair. This mini-review comprehensively covers the potential risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnosis and management of this increasingly encountered condition due to rising caesarean rates.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"70","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of India"}}},"pageStart":"440","pageEnd":"446","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s13224-020-01370-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104799644"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s13224-020-01370-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33417629"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q104799644"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polycystic-ovary-syndrome-and-postpartum-depression-symptoms-a-population-based--recxjpxcfzknl9rnw/","name":"Polycystic ovary syndrome and postpartum depression symptoms: a population-based  cohort study","headline":"Polycystic ovary syndrome and postpartum depression symptoms: a population-based  cohort study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polycystic-ovary-syndrome-and-postpartum-depression-symptoms-a-population-based--recxjpxcfzknl9rnw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Charles R Rogers","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3571-8229","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Diana Egan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Daniel Opoku Agyemang","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alzina Koric","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6442-0317","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bhavneet Singh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8875-8809","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"James VanDerslice","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0008-6353","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2021-01-08","abstract":"Background: Women with polycystic ovary syndrome are more likely to experience several pregnancy complications including hypertensive disorders, gestational diabetes mellitus, and preterm births than women without polycystic ovary syndrome. However, at present, there is limited research on whether polycystic ovary syndrome is associated with both anxiety and depression during pregnancy and whether this augments a woman's risk of postpartum depression, particularly among high-risk populations who have limited access to care.\n\nObjective: Our primary objective was to assess the association between prepregnancy polycystic ovary syndrome and postpartum depression, considering important baseline confounding factors. Our secondary objective was to evaluate the mediating role of prenatal depression and anxiety on the association between polycystic ovary syndrome and postpartum depression.\n\nStudy Design: This study involved a population-based sample of 3906 postpartum (2-6 months) women who completed the Utah Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System Phase 8 questionnaire (2016-2018). Weighted adjusted prevalence ratios were used to assess the association between polycystic ovary syndrome and postpartum depression, considering potential confounding factors and assessing mediating effects of depression and anxiety experienced during pregnancy.\n\nResults: Following the exclusion criteria, 8.2% of women reported clinical polycystic ovary syndrome and 19.1%, 6.2%, and 4.4% reported irregular periods and acne, irregular periods and hirsutism, and all 3 symptoms, respectively. Moreover, 17.7% and 23.5% reported experiencing prenatal depression and anxiety and 9.5% and 10.2% reported experiencing postpartum depressed mood and anhedonia, respectively. Clinical polycystic ovary syndrome was associated with a 1.76 higher adjusted prevalence ratio (95% confidence interval, 1.03-3.00) for postpartum depressed mood or anhedonia after taking into consideration age, prepregnancy body mass index, race/ethnicity, education, and marital status. A similar higher prevalence was seen for irregular periods and acne (adjusted prevalence ratio, 1.65; 95% confidence interval, 1.13-2.41), irregular periods and hirsutism (adjusted prevalence ratio, 1.40; 95% confidence interval, 0.82-2.40), and all 3 symptoms (adjusted prevalence ratio, 1.75; 95% confidence interval, 0.96-3.19) and postpartum depressed mood or anhedonia. Prenatal depression and anxiety mediated 20% and 32% of the effect of clinical polycystic ovary syndrome on postpartum depressed mood and anhedonia, respectively.\n\nConclusion: Clinical polycystic ovary syndrome is associated with postpartum depressed mood and symptoms among this population-based sample inclusive of high-risk mothers. Prenatal depression and anxiety mediate this association, emphasizing the importance of prenatal psychological screening among women with polycystic ovary syndrome. An additional important clinical and public health implication of this study lies in the finding that nearly 20% of women in this population-based sample who reported at least 2 polycystic ovary syndrome symptoms (including at-risk women who may not have access to care) had not received a clinical diagnosis for polycystic ovary syndrome.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"224","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"591.e1-591.e12","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2020.12.1215","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104791940"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ajog.2020.12.1215"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33412131"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q104791940"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/inflammatory-mediators-and-pain-in-endometriosis-a-systematic-review-n7xzrnx7/","name":"Inflammatory Mediators and Pain in Endometriosis: A Systematic Review","headline":"Inflammatory Mediators and Pain in Endometriosis: A Systematic Review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/inflammatory-mediators-and-pain-in-endometriosis-a-systematic-review-n7xzrnx7/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Machairiotis N","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2260-9709"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vasilakaki S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1008-7264"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomakos N","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0962-3549"}],"datePublished":"2021-01-08","abstract":"BACKGROUND: pain is one of the main symptoms of endometriosis and it has a deleterious effect on a patients' personal and social life. To date, the clinical management of pain includes prolonged medication use and, in some cases, surgery, both of which are disruptive events for patients. Hence, there is an urgency for the development of a sufficient non-invasive medical treatment. Inflammation is one of the causative factors of pain in endometriosis. It is well established that inflammatory mediators promote angiogenesis and interact with the sensory neurons inducing the pain signal; the threshold of pain varies and it depends on the state and location of the disease. The inhibition of inflammatory mediators' synthesis might offer a novel and effective treatment of the pain that is caused by inflammation in endometriosis.\n\nOBJECTIVES: patients with endometriosis experience chronic pelvic pain, which is moderate to severe in terms of intensity. The objective of this systematic review is to highlight the inflammatory mediators that contribute to the induction of pain in endometriosis and present their biological mechanism of action. In addition, the authors aim to identify new targets for the development of novel treatments for chronic pelvic pain in patients with endometriosis.\n\nDATA SOURCES: three databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Europe PMC) were searched in order to retrieve articles with the keywords 'inflammation, pain, and endometriosis' between the review period of 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2020. This review has been registered with PROSPERO (registry number: CRD42020171018). Eligibility Criteria: only original articles that presented the regulation of inflammatory mediators and related biological molecules in endometriosis and their contribution in the stimulation of pain signal were included.\n\nDATA EXTRACTION: two authors independently extracted data from articles, using predefined criteria.\n\nRESULTS: the database search yielded 1871 articles, which were narrowed down to 56 relevant articles of interest according to the eligibility criteria.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: inflammatory factors that promote angiogenesis and neuroangiogenesis are promising targets for the treatment of inflammatory pain in endometriosis. Specifically, CXC chemokine family, chemokine fractalkine, and PGE2 have an active role in the induction of pain. Additionally, IL-1β appears to be the primary interleukin (IL), which stimulates the majority of the inflammatory factors that contribute to neuroangiogenesis along with IL-6. Finally, the role of Ninj1 and BDNF proteins needs further investigation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Biomedicines"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9010054","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/biomedicines9010054"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33435569"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-impact-of-the-menstrual-cycle-and-underlying-hormones-in-anxiety-and-ptsd-wh-ajcwhbxh/","name":"The Impact of the Menstrual Cycle and Underlying Hormones in Anxiety and PTSD: What Do We Know and Where Do We Go From Here?","headline":"The Impact of the Menstrual Cycle and Underlying Hormones in Anxiety and PTSD: What Do We Know and Where Do We Go From Here?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-impact-of-the-menstrual-cycle-and-underlying-hormones-in-anxiety-and-ptsd-wh-ajcwhbxh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Nillni YI"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rasmusson AM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paul EL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pineles SL"}],"datePublished":"2021-01-06","abstract":"PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This paper reviews the recent literature on menstrual cycle phase effects on outcomes relevant to anxiety and PTSD, discusses potential neurobiological mechanisms underlying these effects, and highlights methodological limitations impeding scientific advancement.\n\nRECENT FINDINGS: The menstrual cycle and its underlying hormones impact symptom expression among women with anxiety and PTSD, as well as psychophysiological and biological processes relevant to anxiety and PTSD. The most consistent findings are retrospective self-report of premenstrual exacerbation of anxiety symptoms and the protective effect of estradiol on recall of extinction learning among healthy women. Lack of rigorous methodology for assessing menstrual cycle phase and inconsistent menstrual cycle phase definitions likely contribute to other conflicting results. Further investigations that address these limitations and integrate complex interactions between menstrual cycle phase-related hormones, genetics, and psychological vulnerabilities are needed to inform personalized prevention and intervention efforts for women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"23","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Current psychiatry reports"}}},"pageStart":"8","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-020-01221-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104752673"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s11920-020-01221-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33404887"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q104752673"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-value-of-antimullerian-hormone-in-the-prediction-of-spontaneous-pregnancy-a--4ftr8caw/","name":"The Value of Anti-Müllerian Hormone in the Prediction of Spontaneous Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","headline":"The Value of Anti-Müllerian Hormone in the Prediction of Spontaneous Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-value-of-antimullerian-hormone-in-the-prediction-of-spontaneous-pregnancy-a--4ftr8caw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lin C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jing M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7617-6833"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wenjing Zhu","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Qingdao University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021cj6z65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tu X","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5087-9792"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qian Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3854-2495","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chongqing Public Health Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04dcmpg83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xi Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9885-356X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Northwestern University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/000e0be47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ying-Ming Zheng","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6721-923X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042t7yh44"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ruiting Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0126-0213","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042t7yh44"}}],"datePublished":"2021-01-01","abstract":"To determine whether serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) level is a predictor of clinical pregnancy in women trying to achieve a natural conception. Eleven studies (4,388 women) were ultimately included in this meta-analysis. The AUC and Cochran Q indices were 0.5932 and 0.5702, respectively. Serum AMH levels have poor predictive value for natural pregnancy. Our findings suggest that low serum AMH levels are not associated with reduced fertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2021.695157","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fendo.2021.695157"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34721287"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-in-japan-a-summary-report-for-2018-by-the-ethic-6cmafnyy/","name":"Assisted reproductive technology in Japan: A summary report for 2018 by the Ethics Committee of the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology","headline":"Assisted reproductive technology in Japan: A summary report for 2018 by the Ethics Committee of the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-in-japan-a-summary-report-for-2018-by-the-ethic-6cmafnyy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ishihara O"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jwa SC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kuwahara A et al"}],"datePublished":"2021-01-01","abstract":"Annual summary report on assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycles performed in Japan during 2018, published by the Ethics Committee of the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology (JSOG).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reprod Med Biol"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/rmb2.12358","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q111850781"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/rmb2.12358"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33488278"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q111850781"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/guidance-on-the-limits-on-the-number-of-embryos-to-be-transferred-a-committee-op-8saoetqq/","name":"Guidance on the limits on the number of embryos to be transferred: a committee opinion","headline":"Guidance on the limits on the number of embryos to be transferred: a committee opinion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/guidance-on-the-limits-on-the-number-of-embryos-to-be-transferred-a-committee-op-8saoetqq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Christianson MS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Franasiak JM"}],"datePublished":"2021-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.06.050","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.06.050"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34330423"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/significance-of-dynamically-monitoring-serum-estrogen-and-human-chorionic-gonado-8dzzqyzt/","name":"Significance of dynamically monitoring serum estrogen and β-human chorionic gonadotropin in early pregnancy assessment","headline":"Significance of dynamically monitoring serum estrogen and β-human chorionic gonadotropin in early pregnancy assessment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/significance-of-dynamically-monitoring-serum-estrogen-and-human-chorionic-gonado-8dzzqyzt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yuhua Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3842-475X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fb35g87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jinna Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0912-1197","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kexin Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1646-4980","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Weifang Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03tmp6662"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2800-0382","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital for Sick Children","sameAs":"https://ror.org/057q4rt57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jing Shu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0398-2188","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03k14e164"}}],"datePublished":"2021-01-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Spontaneous abortion occurs in 15% ~ 25% of clinical pregnancy. β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-HCG) and progesterone (P) have been widely used in early pregnancy assessment, but their clinical significances are still controversial. Estradiol (E2) has not been used as widely as β-HCG and P, and its value in predicting pregnancy outcome is unclear.\n\nMETHODS: In this retrospective study, two hundred early pregnancy women were divided into two groups according to their early pregnancy outcomes: the ongoing pregnancy group and inevitable abortion group. Serum E2 and β-HCG levels and their growth rates were compared weekly.\n\nRESULTS: Estradiol and β-HCG of the ongoing pregnancy group were significantly higher than that of the inevitable abortion group from the 5th to 10th week of pregnancy. Taking 489.5 pg/mL in the 5th and 6th week, 590.5 pg/mL in the 7th week, and 614.5 pg/mL in the 8th week as cutoff levels of E2, the sensitivity and specificity for E2 to predict bad pregnancy outcome were 91.7% and 41.5%, 82.9% and 71.1%, 84.8% and 84.7%, 75.0% and 95.7%, respectively (P < .05). Both E2 and β-HCG increased much more rapidly in the ongoing pregnancy group. 80% of the normal pregnancy women showed continuously increasing E2 level. Meanwhile, the inevitable abortion group presented E2 variation types as slow increase or fluctuation, continuous decline, and sudden drop, which account for 54.0%, 34.0%, and 12.0%, respectively.\n\nCONCLUSION: Low values and low growth rates of E2 and β-HCG probably indicate bad pregnancy outcomes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"35","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of clinical laboratory analysis"}}},"pageStart":"e23559","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/jcla.23559","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q99203108"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/jcla.23559"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32892443"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q99203108"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/can-periodontal-disease-affect-conception-a-literature-review-bv550do9/","name":"Can periodontal disease affect conception? A literature review","headline":"Can periodontal disease affect conception? A literature review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/can-periodontal-disease-affect-conception-a-literature-review-bv550do9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ludovichetti FS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Signoriello AG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gobbato EA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Artuso A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stellini E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mazzoleni S"}],"datePublished":"2021-01-01","abstract":"Today periodontal health is considered as an integral part of systemic health itself and no longer as a single factor. The literature recognizes that the presence of periodontal disease can represent a risk factor for numerous systemic conditions such as heart disease and diabetes. In recent years, we have witnessed a progressive interest regarding the influence exerted by this condition on reproduction, as well as the possible repercussions on conception possibilities. Upon analyzing a limited number of studies available for the correlation between periodontal disease and female infertility, it could be inferred that this condition can be equated to the presence of a real outbreak of infection and therefore exert its influence, not only through bacterial translocation in the bloodstream, causing the systemic dissemination of pathogens, but also through the production of cytokines and immunoglobulins by inflammatory mediators. This situation limits bacterial growth, but it could cause damage to the fetus, to the reproductive system, and could hinder conception attempts. Although further research is needed to better clarify the mechanism underlying the possible correlation between periodontal disease and female infertility, the present article aims to review all the available literature on this topic.\n\nLAY SUMMARY: In recent years, interest regarding the influence of gum disease on conception has increased. Since serious gum disease (periodontitis) can be compared to an outbreak of infection, studies suggest that the bacteria that mediate inflammation do not remain confined only to the gum tissue, but can enter the bloodstream and spread, thus spreading the infection and having a whole-body effect. This situation could cause damage to the developing baby, to the reproductive system and could hinder conception attempts. Constant maintenance of oral health is definitely necessary. It is important for the professionals involved (gynecologists, obstetricians, dentists, etc.) to communicate and collaborate on these issues. Dentists could advise on the correct hygienic maintenance not only to pregnant women, but also to those who are planning a pregnancy in order to avoid the occurrence of unfavorable conditions.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproduction & fertility"}}},"pageStart":"R27-R34","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1530/RAF-20-0043","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1530/RAF-20-0043"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"35128443"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/interpregnancy-intervals-and-adverse-birth-outcomes-in-highincome-countries-an-i-egnw0ov6/","name":"Interpregnancy intervals and adverse birth outcomes in high-income countries: An international cohort study","headline":"Interpregnancy intervals and adverse birth outcomes in high-income countries: An international cohort study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/interpregnancy-intervals-and-adverse-birth-outcomes-in-highincome-countries-an-i-egnw0ov6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Gizachew Assefa Tessema","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4784-8151","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Curtin University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02n415q13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marinovich ML"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Håberg SE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gissler M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mayo JA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nassar N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ball S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Betrán AP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gebremedhin AT"},{"@type":"Person","name":"de Klerk N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Magnus MC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marston C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Regan AK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shaw GM","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7438-4914"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Padula AM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gavin Pereira","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3740-8117","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Norwegian Institute of Public Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/046nvst19"}}],"datePublished":"2021-01-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Most evidence for interpregnancy interval (IPI) and adverse birth outcomes come from studies that are prone to incomplete control for confounders that vary between women. Comparing pregnancies to the same women can address this issue.\n\nMETHODS: We conducted an international longitudinal cohort study of 5,521,211 births to 3,849,193 women from Australia (1980-2016), Finland (1987-2017), Norway (1980-2016) and the United States (California) (1991-2012). IPI was calculated based on the time difference between two dates-the date of birth of the first pregnancy and the date of conception of the next (index) pregnancy. We estimated associations between IPI and preterm birth (PTB), spontaneous PTB, and small-for-gestational age births (SGA) using logistic regression (between-women analyses). We also used conditional logistic regression comparing IPIs and birth outcomes in the same women (within-women analyses). Random effects meta-analysis was used to calculate pooled adjusted odds ratios (aOR).\n\nRESULTS: Compared to an IPI of 18-23 months, there was insufficient evidence for an association between IPI <6 months and overall PTB (aOR 1.08, 95% CI 0.99-1.18) and SGA (aOR 0.99, 95% CI 0.81-1.19), but increased odds of spontaneous PTB (aOR 1.38, 95% CI 1.21-1.57) in the within-women analysis. We observed elevated odds of all birth outcomes associated with IPI ≥60 months. In comparison, between-women analyses showed elevated odds of adverse birth outcomes for <12 month and >24 month IPIs.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: We found consistently elevated odds of adverse birth outcomes following long IPIs. IPI shorter than 6 months were associated with elevated risk of spontaneous PTB, but there was insufficient evidence for increased risk of other adverse birth outcomes. Current recommendations of waiting at least 24 months to conceive after a previous pregnancy, may be unnecessarily long in high-income countries.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"PloS one"}}},"pageStart":"e0255000","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255000","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1371/journal.pone.0255000"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34280228"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/influence-of-titanium-dioxide-nanoparticles-on-human-health-and-the-environment-f5boahnt/","name":"Influence of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles on Human Health and the Environment","headline":"Influence of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles on Human Health and the Environment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/influence-of-titanium-dioxide-nanoparticles-on-human-health-and-the-environment-f5boahnt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mamunur Rashid","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6768-1814","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Gävle","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043fje207"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Forte Tavčer P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tomšič B"}],"datePublished":"2021-01-01","abstract":"Nanotechnology has enabled tremendous breakthroughs in the development of materials and, nowadays, is well established in various economic fields. Among the various nanomaterials, TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) occupy a special position, as they are distinguished by their high availability, high photocatalytic activity, and favorable price, which make them useful in the production of paints, plastics, paper, cosmetics, food, furniture, etc. In textiles, TiO2 NPs are widely used in chemical finishing processes to impart various protective functional properties to the fibers for the production of high-tech textile products with high added value. Such applications contribute to the overall consumption of TiO2 NPs, which gives rise to reasonable considerations about the impact of TiO2 NPs on human health and the environment, and debates regarding whether the extent of the benefits gained from the use of TiO2 NPs justifies the potential risks. In this study, different TiO2 NPs exposure modes are discussed, and their toxicity mechanisms—evaluated in various in vitro and in vivo studies—are briefly described, considering the molecular interactions with human health and the environment. In addition, in the conclusion of this study, the toxicity and biocompatibility of TiO2 NPs are discussed, along with relevant risk management strategies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nanomaterials (Basel)"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11092354","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/nano11092354"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/applications-of-melatonin-in-female-reproduction-in-the-context-of-oxidative-str-f5p9uxhm/","name":"Applications of Melatonin in Female Reproduction in the Context of Oxidative Stress","headline":"Applications of Melatonin in Female Reproduction in the Context of Oxidative Stress","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/applications-of-melatonin-in-female-reproduction-in-the-context-of-oxidative-str-f5p9uxhm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yawen Jiang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0498-0662","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Amgen (United States)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03g03ge92"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shi H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yi Liu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9300-2843","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shuaihong Zhao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9849-390X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Beijing Shijitan Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0569k1630"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hanqing Zhao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0327-3699","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hebei University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p884a79"}}],"datePublished":"2021-01-01","abstract":"Oxidative stress has been recognized as one of the causal mediators of female infertility by affecting the oocyte quality and early embryo development. Improving oxidative stress is essential for reproductive health. Melatonin, a self-secreted antioxidant, has a wide range of effects by improving mitochondrial function and reducing the damage of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This minireview illustrates the applications of melatonin in reproduction from four aspects: physiological ovarian aging, vitrification freezing, in vitro maturation (IVM), and oxidative stress homeostasis imbalance associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), emphasising the role of melatonin in improving the quality of oocytes in assisted reproduction and other adverse conditions.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2021","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity"}},"pageStart":"6668365","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6668365","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1155/2021/6668365"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34367465"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2020-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2020-gxfmeox3/","name":"DIR Jahrbuch 2020 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2020)","headline":"DIR Jahrbuch 2020 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2020)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2020-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2020-gxfmeox3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register e.V."}],"datePublished":"2021-01-01","abstract":"Annual report (Jahrbuch) of the Deutsches IVF-Register (DIR) for treatment year 2020. DIR is the German national IVF/ICSI registry, founded 1982 — the oldest continuously operating ART registry. Voluntary professional-society database with high de-facto coverage of German fertility centres. Reports cycles, transfers, pregnancies and clinical outcomes by treatment type (IVF, ICSI, frozen embryo transfer, donor). German-language registry document. Used as a Phase B historical-archive source for the ART Registry Comparison study (cross-registry classification by reporting completeness on 7 framework dimensions).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register Jahrbuch"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-prospective-study-of-endometriosis-and-risk-of-type-2-diabetes-hdnc4zuj/","name":"A prospective study of endometriosis and risk of type 2 diabetes","headline":"A prospective study of endometriosis and risk of type 2 diabetes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-prospective-study-of-endometriosis-and-risk-of-type-2-diabetes-hdnc4zuj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Leslie V Farland","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7455-8531","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine -...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Degnan WJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Holly R Harris","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2572-6727","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fred Hutch Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007ps6h72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tobias DK","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0020-9552"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stacey A Missmer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1768-7705","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Michigan State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993"}}],"datePublished":"2021-01-01","abstract":"A prospective study examining the association between endometriosis and subsequent risk of type 2 diabetes in a large cohort of women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Diabetologia"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-020-05347-6","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00125-020-05347-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33399910"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/multiple-births-in-fertility-treatment-2019-recaereqhdmjptfu4/","name":"Multiple Births in Fertility Treatment 2019","headline":"Multiple Births in Fertility Treatment 2019","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/multiple-births-in-fertility-treatment-2019-recaereqhdmjptfu4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority"}],"datePublished":"2021-01-01","abstract":"# Multiple births in fertility treatment 2019\nUK multiple birth statistics for IVF and DI fertility treatment\nPublished: February 2022\n[Download the underlying dataset as Excel Worksheet](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/media/ikninm5o/2022-01-25-multiple-births-in-fertility-treatment-underlying-supplementary-data-tables.xlsx \"2022 01 25 Multiple Births In Fertility Treatment Underlying Supplementary Data Tables\").\n## Table of contents\n- [Main points](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/multiple-births-in-fertility-treatment-2019/#main-points)\n- [History of multiple births in the UK](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/multiple-births-in-fertility-treatment-2019/#history-of-multiple-births-in-the-uk)\n- [Section 1. Multiple births reduced following cross-sector collaborative efforts](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/multiple-births-in-fertility-treatment-2019/#section-1)\n- [Section 2. Single embryo transfers increased most among young patients](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/multiple-births-in-fertility-treatment-2019/#section-2)\n- [Section 3. Largest improvements in multiple birth rate among youngest and oldest patients](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/multiple-births-in-fertility-treatment-2019/#section-3)\n- [Section 4. Multiple embryo transfers put younger patients at greatest risk of multiple birth](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/multiple-births-in-fertility-treatment-2019/#section-4)\n- [Section 5. Greater risk of multiple births when using donor eggs](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/multiple-births-in-fertility-treatment-2019/#section-5)\n- [Section 6. Multiple birth rates higher among Black patients](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/multiple-births-in-fertility-treatment-2019/#section-6)\n- [Section 7. Higher multiple birth rate...","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/changes-in-the-level-of-fetoplacental-complex-hormones-in-pregnant-women-with-mi-ivqsbput/","name":"Changes in the level of fetoplacental complex hormones in pregnant women with miscarriage","headline":"Changes in the level of fetoplacental complex hormones in pregnant women with miscarriage","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/changes-in-the-level-of-fetoplacental-complex-hormones-in-pregnant-women-with-mi-ivqsbput/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisova KM","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9207-8643"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kalinovska IV","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4787-527X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pryimak SH","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9086-5128"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tokar PY","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5862-4532"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Varlas VN","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8342-9819"}],"datePublished":"2021-01-01","abstract":"The purpose of the study was TO analyze the fetoplacental complex hormone levels and changes in their dynamics in pregnant women with miscarriage and the impact of these features on the subsequent course of pregnancy. Hormone levels were determined at different stages of gestation in 50 healthy women with a physiological course of pregnancy (control group) and 50 pregnant women with a history of miscarriage (main group). The women of the main group had a significantly slower rate of increase in hormones and a lag in quantitative indicators than the control group. The estradiol level indicators were 4.1 times (76.0%) and 2.89 times (65.5%) lower in women with miscarriage in the embryonic and late fetal period, respectively, compared to healthy women. Indicators of the level of placental lactogen and chorionic gonadotropin in the embryonic period in women with miscarriage were lower by 39.1% and 50.9%, respectively, compared to healthy women. In the late fetal period, the level of these hormones was lower by 72.9% and 35.4%, respectively. In the embryonic and late fetal periods, progesterone levels were lower by 67.4% and 68.4%, respectively, compared to the control group. The data obtained are evidence of a pronounced hormonal abnormality of the placenta, and hence a marker of fetoplacental dysfunction, which on the background of miscarriage develops at the early stages and continues to progress with the course of pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of medicine and life"}}},"pageStart":"487","pageEnd":"491","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.25122/jml-2021-0089","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.25122/jml-2021-0089"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34621371"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/complementary-and-alternative-medicine-for-dysmenorrhea-caused-by-endometriosis--ilgs2u5j/","name":"Complementary and Alternative Medicine for Dysmenorrhea Caused by Endometriosis: A Review of Utilization and Mechanism","headline":"Complementary and Alternative Medicine for Dysmenorrhea Caused by Endometriosis: A Review of Utilization and Mechanism","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/complementary-and-alternative-medicine-for-dysmenorrhea-caused-by-endometriosis--ilgs2u5j/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ying Guo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2629-4145","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wadsworth Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/050kf9c55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y F Liu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2451-4316","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Central South University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shen Y"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xu JY"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xie LZ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Li SY"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ding DN"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhang DQ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Han FJ"}],"datePublished":"2021-01-01","abstract":"Endometriosis (EM) is a common and benign estrogen-dependent gynecological disorder among women of reproductive age, and secondary dysmenorrhea is one of the more severe symptoms. However, the mechanism behind the development of dysmenorrhea is poorly understood, and there is a lack of effective methods for diagnosing and treating EM dysmenorrhea. In this regard, complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) has recently come into widespread use due to its limited adverse reactions and high efficiency. This review updates the progress of CAM in the treatment of EM dysmenorrhea and seeks to identify the therapeutic efficacy as well as the mechanisms behind these effects based on the available clinical and experimental studies. According to the literature, CAM therapy for EM dysmenorrhea, including herbs (herbal prescriptions, extracts, and patents), acupuncture, and Chinese herbal medicine enema (CHM enema), is effective for relieving dysmenorrhea with fewer unpleasant side effects when compared to hormonal and surgical treatments. In addition, we discuss and analyze the existing gaps in the literature. We hope to provide some instructive suggestions for clinical treatment and experimental research in the future.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2021","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM"}},"pageStart":"6663602","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6663602","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1155/2021/6663602"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34306150"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chemical-hazards-in-textiles-iymxibch/","name":"Chemical hazards in textiles","headline":"Chemical hazards in textiles","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chemical-hazards-in-textiles-iymxibch/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Manickam P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vijay D"}],"datePublished":"2021-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Chemical Management in Textiles and  Fashion"},"pageStart":"19","pageEnd":"52","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-820494-8.00002-2","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/b978-0-12-820494-8.00002-2"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/impact-of-covid-19-on-fertility-treatment-2020-recpuawfhqovcaclc/","name":"Impact of COVID-19 on Fertility Treatment 2020","headline":"Impact of COVID-19 on Fertility Treatment 2020","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/impact-of-covid-19-on-fertility-treatment-2020-recpuawfhqovcaclc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority"}],"datePublished":"2021-01-01","abstract":"# Impact of COVID-19 on fertility treatment 2020\nUK statistics for IVF and DI treatment, storage and donation\nPublished: May 2022\n[Download the underlying dataset as Excel Worksheet](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/media/rhih4yyx/impact-of-covid-19-on-fertility-treatment-2020-underlying-dataset.xlsx \"Impact of COVID-19 on fertility treatment 2020 - Underlying dataset\").\n## Table of contents\n- [Main points](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/impact-of-covid-19-on-fertility-treatment-2020/#main-points)\n- [Foreword](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/impact-of-covid-19-on-fertility-treatment-2020/#foreword)\n- [HFEA regulatory response to the COVID-19 pandemic](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/impact-of-covid-19-on-fertility-treatment-2020/#hfea-regulatory-response-to-the-covid-19-pandemic)\n- [1\\. NHS-funded IVF treatment slower to recover](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/impact-of-covid-19-on-fertility-treatment-2020/#section-1)\n- [2\\. Treatments decreased by 20% from 2019 to 2020](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/impact-of-covid-19-on-fertility-treatment-2020/#section-2)\n- [3\\. Greater decrease in IVF cycles among younger patients and patients in heterosexual relationships](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/impact-of-covid-19-on-fertility-treatment-2020/#section-3)\n- [4\\. Egg donor registrations decreased by 23% from 2019 to 2020](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/impact-of-covid-19-on-fertility-treatment-2020/#section-4)\n- [5\\. Impact of COVID-19 varied by nation and English region](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/impact-of-covid-19-on-fertility-treatment-2020/#section-5)\n- [6\\. COVID-19 caused delays in GP appointments and fertility treatment](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/impact-of-covid-19-on-fertil...","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/low-energy-availability-history-definition-and-evidence-of-its-endocrine-metabol-phivje2i/","name":"Low energy availability: history, definition and evidence of its endocrine, metabolic and physiological effects in prospective studies in females and males","headline":"Low energy availability: history, definition and evidence of its endocrine, metabolic and physiological effects in prospective studies in females and males","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/low-energy-availability-history-definition-and-evidence-of-its-endocrine-metabol-phivje2i/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Areta JL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Taylor HL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Koehler K"}],"datePublished":"2021-01-01","abstract":"Energy availability (EA) is defined as the amount of dietary energy available to sustain physiological function after subtracting the energetic cost of exercise. Insufficient EA due to increased exercise, reduced energy intake, or a combination of both, is a potent disruptor of the endocrine milieu. As such, EA is conceived as a key etiological factor underlying a plethora of physiological dysregulations described in the female athlete triad, its male counterpart and the Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport models. Originally developed upon female-specific physiological responses, this concept has recently been extended to males, where experimental evidence is limited. The majority of data for all these models are from cross-sectional or observational studies where hypothesized chronic low energy availability (LEA) is linked to physiological maladaptation. However, the body of evidence determining causal effects of LEA on endocrine, and physiological function through prospective studies manipulating EA is comparatively small, with interventions typically lasting ≤ 5 days. Extending laboratory-based findings to the field requires recognition of the strengths and limitations of current knowledge. To aid this, this review will: (1) provide a brief historical overview of the origin of the concept in mammalian ecology through its evolution of algebraic calculations used in humans today, (2) Outline key differences from the 'energy balance' concept, (3) summarise and critically evaluate the effects of LEA on tissues/systems for which we now have evidence, namely: hormonal milieu, reproductive system endocrinology, bone metabolism and skeletal muscle; and finally (4) provide perspectives and suggestions for research upon identified knowledge gaps.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"121","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European journal of applied physiology"}}},"pageStart":"1","pageEnd":"21","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-020-04516-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q100952365"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00421-020-04516-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33095376"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q100952365"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/naprotechnologia-szansa-na-potomstwo-czy-oszustwo-recoklbpyq2xe7tzi/","name":"Naprotechnologia – szansa na potomstwo czy oszustwo?","headline":"Naprotechnologia – szansa na potomstwo czy oszustwo?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/naprotechnologia-szansa-na-potomstwo-czy-oszustwo-recoklbpyq2xe7tzi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Tomasz Kandzia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5502-2886"}],"datePublished":"2021-01-01","abstract":"NaProTECHNOLOGY – a chance for offspring or fraud? In the media space in Poland, you can meet the concept of Naprotechnology as an alternative to the in vitro procedure. Often, many myths and untruths appear in the discussion regarding this method of treatment. Naprotechnology is a new look at the health of women and men created by prof. Thomas Hilgers. It takes into account natural fertility biomarkers thanks to observation with the Creighton Model based on the female mucus. At every stage of diagnosis and treatment, Naprotechnology respects human life from the moment of conception and the mutual dignity of the spouses. It also does not use assisted reproductive procedures for ethical reasons. Naprotechnology is part of the broader scientific discipline of restorative medicine in infertility. Thanks to the accurate diagnosis and observation of the cycle, it is possible to correctly diagnose the cause of infertility. A proper diagnosis is the starting point for the implementation of specialized pharmacological and surgical treatment for both women and men. Properly used Naprotechnology and restorative medicine are highly effective in treating marital infertility. W przestrzeni medialnej w Polsce można spotkać pojęcie Naprotechnologii jako alternatywy dla procedury in vitro. Często w dyskusji pojawia się wiele mitów i nieprawdy dotyczących takiego sposobu leczenia. Naprotechnologia, stworzona przez prof. Thomasa Hilgersa, jest nowym spojrzeniem na zdrowie kobiety i mężczyzny. Uwzględnia ona naturalne biomarkery płodności dzięki obserwacji za pomocą Modelu Creighton bazującego na kobiecym śluzie. Na każdym etapie diagnostyki i leczenia Naprotechnologia szanuje ludzkie życie od samego poczęcia oraz wzajemną godność małżonków. Nie stosuje ona też procedur wspomaganego rozrodu z powodów etycznych. Naprotechnologia jest częścią szerszej dyscypliny naukowej, jaką jest przyczynowe leczenie niepłodności. Dzięki dokładnej diagnostyce i obserwacji cyklu możliwe jest postawienie prawidłowej diagnozy dotyczącej przyczyny niepłodności. Właściwa diagnoza jest punktem wyjścia dla wdrożenia specjalistycznego leczenia farmakologicznego i chirurgicznego zarówno wobec kobiety, jak i mężczyzny. Prawidłowo stosowana Naprotechnologia i przyczynowe leczenie niepłodności cechują się wysoką skutecznością leczenia niepłodności małżeńskiej.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"25","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2 (41)","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Sympozjum"}}},"pageStart":"89","pageEnd":"102","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.4467/25443283SYM.21.020.14700","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4467/25443283SYM.21.020.14700"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/rapport-annuel-damp-vigilance-2020-um230f0l/","name":"Rapport annuel d'AMP Vigilance 2020","headline":"Rapport annuel d'AMP Vigilance 2020","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/rapport-annuel-damp-vigilance-2020-um230f0l/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Agence de la biomédecine"}],"datePublished":"2021-01-01","abstract":"Rapport annuel d'AMP Vigilance 2020 publié par l'Agence de la biomédecine. Document de surveillance pour les activités d'Assistance Médicale à la Procréation en France couvrant les incidents et effets indésirables. Annual AMP (Medically Assisted Reproduction) Vigilance Report 2020 from the French Agence de la biomédecine, the national mandatory ART registry covering adverse events and safety surveillance for licensed AMP activities in France.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Agence de la biomédecine"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-role-of-oxytocin-and-the-effect-of-stress-during-childbirth-neurobiological--zg8ydpia/","name":"The Role of Oxytocin and the Effect of Stress During Childbirth: Neurobiological Basics and Implications for Mother and Child","headline":"The Role of Oxytocin and the Effect of Stress During Childbirth: Neurobiological Basics and Implications for Mother and Child","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-role-of-oxytocin-and-the-effect-of-stress-during-childbirth-neurobiological--zg8ydpia/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Walter MH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Abele H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Plappert CF"}],"datePublished":"2021-01-01","abstract":"The neuropeptide oxytocin acts as a hormone and a neuromodulator, influencing a multitude of human social behaviors, including reproduction. During childbirth and the postpartum period, it plays a key role in regulating and controlling processes that ensure a safe birth and the health of mother and child. Especially the onset of labor, the progress of labor and initial breastfeeding are mediated by oxytocin. In the maternal brain it controls the initiation of the mother-infant bond and the mother's emotional responses towards her child. In this review we summarize the current state of knowledge about the role of oxytocin during the different aspects and mechanisms of human childbirth, combining research from human and animal studies. Physiological and psychological stress during childbirth and lactation can have negative effects on the progress of labor, breastfeeding and bonding. We discuss how maternity caregivers can support the positive effects of oxytocin and minimize the effects of stress. Furthermore, we highlight aspects of the basic neurobiological principles and connections where further research is needed to improve our understanding of the regulation and the effects of oxytocin to support maternal and infant health.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in endocrinology"}},"pageStart":"742236","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2021.742236","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fendo.2021.742236"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34777247"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diagnosis-and-treatment-of-infertility-in-men-auaasrm-guideline-part-i-c2lljsju/","name":"Diagnosis and treatment of infertility in men: AUA/ASRM guideline part I","headline":"Diagnosis and treatment of infertility in men: AUA/ASRM guideline part I","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diagnosis-and-treatment-of-infertility-in-men-auaasrm-guideline-part-i-c2lljsju/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Schlegel PN"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sigman M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Collura B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"De Jonge CJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eisenberg ML","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5482-0141"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dolores J Lamb","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4389-5065","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mulhall JP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Niederberger C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sandlow JI"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rebecca Z. Sokol","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Steven D. Spandorfer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2539-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cornell University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tanrikut C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Treadwell JR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Oristaglio JT"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Armand Zini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2194-5578","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Mary's Hospital Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03s3dhf22"}}],"datePublished":"2021-01-01","abstract":"PURPOSE: The summary presented herein represents Part I of the two-part series dedicated to the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infertility in Men: AUA/ASRM Guideline. Part I outlines the appropriate evaluation of the male in an infertile couple. Recommendations proceed from obtaining an appropriate history and physical exam (Appendix I), as well as diagnostic testing, where indicated.\n\nMATERIALS/METHODS: The Emergency Care Research Institute Evidence-based Practice Center team searched PubMed®, Embase®, and Medline from January, 2000 through May, 2019. When sufficient evidence existed, the body of evidence was assigned a strength rating of A (high), B (moderate), or C (low) for support of Strong, Moderate, or Conditional Recommendations. In the absence of sufficient evidence, additional information is provided as Clinical Principles and Expert Opinions. (Table 1) This summary is being simultaneously published in Fertility and Sterility and The Journal of Urology.\n\nRESULTS: This Guideline provides updated, evidence-based recommendations regarding evaluation of male infertility as well as the association of male infertility with other important health conditions. The detection of male infertility increases the risk of subsequent development of health problems for men. In addition, specific medical conditions are associated with some causes for male infertility. Evaluation and treatment recommendations are summarized in the associated algorithm. (Figure 1) CONCLUSION: The presence of male infertility is crucial to the health of patients and its effects must be considered for the welfare of society. This document will undergo updating as the knowledge regarding current treatments and future treatment options continues to expand.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"115","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"54","pageEnd":"61","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2020.11.015","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2020.11.015"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33309062"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effects-of-menstrual-cycle-phase-on-elite-athlete-performance-a-critical-and-dt4svxjp/","name":"The Effects of Menstrual Cycle Phase on Elite Athlete Performance: A Critical and Systematic Review","headline":"The Effects of Menstrual Cycle Phase on Elite Athlete Performance: A Critical and Systematic Review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effects-of-menstrual-cycle-phase-on-elite-athlete-performance-a-critical-and-dt4svxjp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Meignié A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Duclos M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carling C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Orhant E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Provost P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Toussaint JF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Antero J"}],"datePublished":"2021-01-01","abstract":"Background: In elite athletes, training individualization is widely recommended to optimize competitive performance. Previous studies have evidenced the impact of hormonal fluctuations on different performance parameters among female athletes. While consideration of menstrual cycle (MC) phases as a parameter in training individualization strategies is necessary, systematic evidence identifying such impacts in elite athletes should be evaluated. Objective: Systematically review publications that have investigated the link between MC phases and performance in elite female athletes. The overarching aim is to identify whether a consensus across studies exists enabling evidence-based recommendations for training individualization depending on menstrual cycle phases. Methods: This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Three major scientific publication databases were searched from inception until November 3, 2020. Studies included focused on the influence of physiological or psychological parameters throughout at least one phase of the menstrual cycle of elite athletes. Results: A total of 780 search results were yielded and 26 references from a past bibliography were added manually. About 662 papers were reviewed of which 218 studies were assessed for eligibility. Of these, only seven (1%) precisely investigated the influence of a performance or physical parameter during at least one menstrual cycle phase. These seven studies included a total of 314 elite female participants (20.58 ± 1.91 years). Three used interviews, questionnaires or prospective analyses of reports. Four conducted several performance tests or included physical measures although only two performed tests during training or before/during competition. Among the seven studies, five performed hormonal testing through sampling of blood, saliva, or urine. The remaining relied on athletes' menstruation diaries. The current evidence suggests a variable association between menstrual cycle and a few performance-related outcomes, such as endurance or power resistance, ligament stiffness, decision making skills, psychology, or competitiveness. Conclusion: Different sports performance-related parameters are affected during the menstrual cycle among elite athletes, but the parameters themselves and the magnitude and the direction of the effects are inconclusive. Additional longitudinal and prospective studies to systematically monitor on-field performance parameters are urgently required in order to enable recommendations and training individualization in female elite athletes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in physiology"}},"pageStart":"654585","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.654585","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fphys.2021.654585"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34093223"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/transvaginal-photobiomodulation-for-the-treatment-of-chronic-pelvic-pain-a-pilot-lru1chfj/","name":"Transvaginal Photobiomodulation for the Treatment of Chronic Pelvic Pain: A Pilot Study","headline":"Transvaginal Photobiomodulation for the Treatment of Chronic Pelvic Pain: A Pilot Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/transvaginal-photobiomodulation-for-the-treatment-of-chronic-pelvic-pain-a-pilot-lru1chfj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Zipper R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pryor B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Georgine Lamvu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8427-0707","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"AdventHealth Orlando","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02n1cyj49"}}],"datePublished":"2021-01-01","abstract":"Background: Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) is a common and debilitating condition that affects millions of U.S. women. Most treatments are ineffective and innovative new therapies are desperately needed. Large, controlled studies show that photobiomodulation (PBM) can reduce pain in patients with other chronic pain conditions, such as low back pain, neck pain, and fibromyalgia. The objective of this pilot study was to determine if transvaginal PBM (TV-PBM) can reduce pain in women with CPP. Methods: We conducted a before and after, observational, pilot study. Patients completed the Short Form-McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ) at baseline, 1 week, 3 months, and 6 months after nine treatments of TV-PBM. Clinicians completed the Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI) assessing patient illness severity at the same time. Wilcoxon rank-sum t-tests and effect size using Cohen's d coefficient (low effect size if d < 0.2, medium if 0.2 < d > 8, and high if d > 0.8) was used to measure degree of pain improvement, which was also considered clinically significant if pain reduction was >30%. Results: Thirteen women completed 9 treatments, and 10 women were successfully followed to 6 months. At baseline, the mean SF-MPQ score was 19.7 (standard deviation [SD] ± 5.9). Compared with baseline, 60% improved; the mean SF-MPQ score decreased to 10.0 (SD ±7.5, p = 0.004, d = 1.6) at 1 week after treatment, to 9.7 (SD ±7.9, p = 0.005, d = 1.7) at 3 months, and 8.2 (SD ±8.1, p = 0.002, d = 1.9) at 6 months. Conclusion: Transvaginal PBM provided significant and sustained pain relief to women with CPP up to 6 months. Further controlled studies are needed to confirm these findings, however, in this initial pilot, TV-PBM shows promise.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Women's health reports (New Rochelle, N.Y.)"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1089/whr.2021.0097","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1089/whr.2021.0097"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34841398"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/can-inhibin-b-reflect-ovarian-reserve-of-healthy-reproductive-age-women-effectiv-mo7pfi4p/","name":"Can Inhibin B Reflect Ovarian Reserve of Healthy Reproductive Age Women Effectively?","headline":"Can Inhibin B Reflect Ovarian Reserve of Healthy Reproductive Age Women Effectively?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/can-inhibin-b-reflect-ovarian-reserve-of-healthy-reproductive-age-women-effectiv-mo7pfi4p/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Wen J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Huang K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Du X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hao Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9518-740X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangxi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02c9qn167"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ding T"}],"datePublished":"2021-01-01","abstract":"The reference range and potential value of inhibin B are still unclear and controversial. This study aimed to define the variation trend of inhibin B in healthy women with age and explore its value in the reflection of ovarian reserve. A total of 2524 healthy reproductive age women from eight medical institutes nationwide were recruited. The variation tendency of inhibin B with age was primarily established in the first group of 948 women and validated in another 605. We evaluated the relationship between inhibin B and classic ovarian reserve and function markers. The potency of inhibin B in predicting AFC <5-7 was also estimated and compared with FSH. The nomogram showed that serum levels of inhibin B rapidly decreased after the age of 40. Inhibin B was positively correlated with AMH (R = 0.57, P < 0.001), AFC (R = 0.34, P < 0.001) and testosterone (R = 0.10, P = 0.002), and negatively correlated with FSH (R = -0.41, P < 0.001) and LH (R = -0.20, P < 0.001) and FSH/LH (R=-0.18, P < 0.001), while no correlation was found with PRL. Unexpectedly, Inhibin B (AUC = 0.74, P < 0.001 for the establishment population; AUC = 0.78, P < 0.001 for the validation population) had a slightly higher value than FSH (AUC = 0.71, P < 0.001 for the establishment population; AUC = 0.72, P < 0.001 for the validation population) in diagnosing AFC <5-7. For healthy reproductive age women, the decline of inhibin B can reflect decreased ovarian reserve effectively, having a good consistency with AMH and AFC. More importantly, inhibin B had an advantage in predicting AFC <5-7 compared with FSH, which suggested the potential of inhibin B in predicting ovarian response.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2021.626534","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fendo.2021.626534"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33935966"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/changes-in-telomere-length-and-senescence-markers-during-human-ovarian-tissue-cr-osa9sxat/","name":"Changes in telomere length and senescence markers during human ovarian tissue cryopreservation","headline":"Changes in telomere length and senescence markers during human ovarian tissue cryopreservation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/changes-in-telomere-length-and-senescence-markers-during-human-ovarian-tissue-cr-osa9sxat/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kim B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ryu KJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunmi Lee","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3814-6967","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NYU Langone Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/005dvqh91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kim T"}],"datePublished":"2021-01-01","abstract":"Ovarian tissue cryopreservation is considered as a useful option to preserve fertility for cancer patients. This study purposed to evaluate the change of telomere length and senescence markers during human ovarian tissue cryopreservation. Ovarian tissues were obtained from women who underwent benign ovarian surgery in the gynecology research unit of a university hospital with prior consent and IRB approval. DNA was extracted from the ovarian tissues using a DNeasy tissue kit and telomere lengths in the DNA samples were determined by real time PCR before and after cryopreservation. All tissues were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and subjected to immunohistochemistry and TUNEL assays. Other senescence markers, including p53, p16, p21, and phospho-pRb proteins, were evaluated using western blot analysis. Ovarian tissues were collected from ten patients and prepared for slow freezing with the same size of diameter 4 mm and 1 mm thickness. Mean age of patients was 26.7 ± 6.2 years (range, 16-34 years), and ovarian tissues were cryopreserved and thawed 4 weeks after cryopreservation. The mean telomere length was significantly decreased after cryopreservation (9.57 ± 1.47 bp vs. 8.34 ± 1.83 bp, p = 0.001). Western blot analysis revealed that p53, p16, and p21 proteins increased and phospho-pRb protein expression decreased after ovarian tissue cryopreservation. Ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation is regarded as one of promising options for fertility preservation. However, clinicians and researchers should be aware of possible irreversible DNA changes such as shortening of telomere length and alterations of other senescence markers in human ovarian tissues.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Scientific reports"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-81973-3","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/s41598-021-81973-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33500500"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/international-committee-for-monitoring-assisted-reproductive-technologies-world--olmf7nxh/","name":"International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technologies world report: assisted reproductive technology, 2014","headline":"International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technologies world report: assisted reproductive technology, 2014","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/international-committee-for-monitoring-assisted-reproductive-technologies-world--olmf7nxh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Chambers GM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Silke Dyer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6196-8187","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Groote Schuur Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00c879s84"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fernando Zegers-Hochschild","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6234-6179","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Clínica Las Condes","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j5bwe91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacques de Mouzon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9465-3488","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ishihara O"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Banker M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Mansour","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0758-3387","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Egyptian IVF-ET Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035aahr55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kupka MS","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6559-0580"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G David Adamson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5387-7629","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Endometriosis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01q5m4507"}}],"datePublished":"2021-01-01","abstract":"STUDY QUESTION: What were the utilization, effectiveness and safety of practices in assisted reproductive technologies (ART) globally in 2014 and what global trends could be observed?\n\nSUMMARY ANSWER: The estimated total number of ART cycles conducted in 76 participating countries in 2014 was 1.93 million representing ∼66% of global activity, with 5-year trends including an increase in success rates and proportion of frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles, improvement in cumulative live birth rates per aspiration, a continued increase in single embryo transfer (SET) and thus a reduction in multiple birth rates, an increase in preimplantation genetic testing and stabilization in the use of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).\n\nWHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: ART is widely practiced throughout the world but continues to be characterized by significant disparities in utilization, practice, effectiveness and safety. The International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ICMART) annual world report series provides an important instrument for tracking trends in ART treatment and for providing clinical and public health data to ART professionals, health authorities, patients and the general public.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: A retrospective, cross-sectional survey on ART procedures performed globally during 2014 was carried out. A new method for calculating ART utilization rates and number of babies born was introduced in this latest ICMART world report.\n\nPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: Overall, 76 countries and 2 746 ART centres submitted data through national and regional ART registries on ART cycles performed during 2014 and their treatment and pregnancy outcomes. ART cycles and outcomes are described at a country level, regionally and globally. Aggregate country data are processed and analyzed based on methods developed by ICMART.\n\nMAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: A total of 1 629 179 ART cycles were reported for the treatment year 2014. After imputing data for missing values and non-reporting centres in reporting countries, an estimated 1 929 905 cycles resulted in >439 039 babies in reporting countries. From 2010 to 2014, the number of reported non-donor aspirations and FET cycles increased by 37.3% and 67.5%, respectively. The proportion of women aged ≥40 years undergoing non-donor ART increased from 23.2% in 2010 to 27.0% in 2014. ICSI, as a percentage of non-donor aspiration cycles, remained relatively stable at 64.8%. The IVF/ICSI combined delivery rates per fresh aspiration and FET cycle were 19.9% and 24.3%, respectively. In fresh non-donor cycles, SET increased from 30.0% in 2010 to 40.0% in 2014, while the average number of transferred embryos decreased from 1.95 to 1.73-but with wide country variation. The rate of twin deliveries following fresh non-donor transfers continued to decrease, from 20.4% in 2010 to 16.2% in 2014, and the triplet rate decreased from 1.1% to 0.5%. In FET non-donor cycles in 2014, the SET rate was 61.6%, with an average of 1.43 embryos transferred, resulting in twin and triplet rates of 10.1% and 0.2%, respectively. The cumulative delivery rate per aspiration increased from 27.1% in 2010 to 32.1% in 2014. The overall perinatal mortality rate per 1 000 births was 19.4 following fresh IVF/ICSI cycles and 9.5 following FET cycles. Among reporting countries, oocyte donation cycles represented 7.3% of all embryo transfers (89 751 transfer cycles) and resulted in 39 278 babies.\n\nLIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: The data presented are dependent on the quality and completeness of data submitted by individual countries to ICMART directly or through regional registries. This report covers approximately two-thirds of world ART activity. China is a major contributor of global cycles missing from this report. Continued efforts to improve the quality and consistency of ART data reported by registries are still needed, including the use of internationally agreed standard definitions (The International Glossary of Infertility and Fertility Care). A new method was introduced in this report to calculate ART utilization and number of babies born following ART; therefore, these results are not directly comparable with previous reports.\n\nWIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: The ICMART world reports provide the most comprehensive global statistical census and review of ART utilization, effectiveness, safety and quality. While ART treatment effectiveness and safety continue to increase globally, the wide disparities in access to treatment, procedures performed and embryo transfer practices warrant attention by clinicians and policymakers. The new method for estimating ART utilization and number of babies born provided more conservative estimates compared to the previuos method.\n\nSTUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S): ICMART receives unrestricted grants from Abbott and Ferring Pharmaceuticals. ICMART also acknowledges financial support from the following organization","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"36","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction"}}},"pageStart":"2921","pageEnd":"2934","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deab198","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/deab198"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34601605"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/international-committee-for-monitoring-assisted-reproductive-technologies-icmart-shz2kmor/","name":"International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ICMART): world report on assisted reproductive technologies, 2013","headline":"International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ICMART): world report on assisted reproductive technologies, 2013","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/international-committee-for-monitoring-assisted-reproductive-technologies-icmart-shz2kmor/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Banker M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Silke Dyer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6196-8187","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Groote Schuur Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00c879s84"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chambers GM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ishihara O"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kupka M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacques de Mouzon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9465-3488","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fernando Zegers-Hochschild","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6234-6179","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Clínica Las Condes","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j5bwe91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G David Adamson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5387-7629","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Endometriosis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01q5m4507"}}],"datePublished":"2021-01-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To report the utilization, effectiveness, and safety of practices in assisted reproductive technology (ART) globally in 2013 and assess global trends over time.\n\nDESIGN: Retrospective, cross-sectional survey on the utilization, effectiveness, and safety of ART procedures performed globally during 2013.\n\nSETTING: Seventy-five countries and 2,639 ART clinics.\n\nPATIENT(S): Women and men undergoing ART procedures.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): All ART.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The ART cycles and outcomes on country-by-country, regional, and global levels. Aggregate country data were processed and analyzed based on methods developed by the International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technology (ICMART).\n\nRESULT(S): A total of 1,858,500 ART cycles were conducted for the treatment year 2013 across 2,639 clinics in 75 participating countries with a global participation rate of 73.6%. Reported and estimated data suggest 1,160,474 embryo transfers (ETs) were performed resulting in >344,317 babies. From 2012 to 2013, the number of reported aspiration and frozen ET cycles increased by 3% and 16.4%, respectively. The proportion of women aged >40 years undergoing nondonor ART increased from 25.2% in 2012 to 26.3% in 2013. As a percentage of nondonor aspiration cycles, intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) was similar to results for 2012. The in vitro fertilization (IVF)/ICSI combined delivery rates per fresh aspiration and frozen ET cycles were 24.2% and 22.8%, respectively. In fresh nondonor cycles, single ET increased from 33.7% in 2012 to 36.5% in 2013, whereas the average number of transferred embryos was 1.81-again with wide country variation. The rate of twin deliveries after fresh nondonor transfers was 17.9%; the triplet rate was 0.7%. In frozen ET cycles performed in 2013, single ET was used in 57.6%, with an average of 1.49 embryos transferred and twin and triplet rates of 10.8% and 0.4%, respectively. The cumulative delivery rate per aspiration was 30.4%, similar to that in 2012. Perinatal mortality rate per 1,000 births was 22.2% after fresh IVF/ICSI and 16.8% after frozen ET. The data presented depended on the quality and completeness of the data submitted by individual countries. This report covers approximately two-thirds of world ART activity. Continued efforts to improve the quality and consistency of reporting ART data by registries are still needed.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Reported ART cycles, effectiveness, and safety increased between 2012 and 2013 with adoption of a better method for estimating unreported cycles.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"116","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"741","pageEnd":"756","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.03.039","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.03.039"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33926722"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/phase-ii-6-month-cyclic-progesteronespironolactone-pilot-therapy-trial-in-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-pre-post-single-arm-feasibility-study-recjm3qxlu6klhnhq/","name":"\"Phase II 6-month Cyclic Progesterone/Spironolactone pilot Therapy Trial in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome : pre-post, single-arm feasibility study\"","headline":"\"Phase II 6-month Cyclic Progesterone/Spironolactone pilot Therapy Trial in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome : pre-post, single-arm feasibility study\"","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/phase-ii-6-month-cyclic-progesteronespironolactone-pilot-therapy-trial-in-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-pre-post-single-arm-feasibility-study-recjm3qxlu6klhnhq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Dahl M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marshall Dhal"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yip, Johnny"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kaitlin Nelson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8989-4770","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Johnny Y"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kaitlin N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Azita Goshtasebi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dharani Kalidasan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8098-3435","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Faye Murray","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2662-640X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sonia Shirin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7866-3419","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joel Singer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5828-4961","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00frst980"}}],"datePublished":"2021-01-01","abstract":"Androgenic Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) creates physical/emotional burdens in 4-20% of premenopausal women living with PCOS (WLWP) including: few menstruations per year, subfertility, hirsutism/acne and low quality of life by validated PCOS Questionnaire (PCOSQ). Combined hormonal contraceptives (CHC), the current standard-of-care, improve PCOSQ only 16%; with stopping CHC, benefits disappear within 6-months. We hypothesize too-fast brain/luteinizing hormone (LH) pulses cause PCOS. Progesterone (P4) slows LH when testosterone (FreeT) is normal. Combining two approved medications, Cyclic P4 with anti-androgen, Spironolactone (Sp), will likely provide effective, durable benefits. WLWP lit-review suggested significant P4 7-14-day benefits. A 6-month prospective feasibility study of CyclicP4/Sp is necessary. Overall purpose: Perform a pilot study in 40 WLWP on Cyclic P4 (300 mg/bedtime, 14 days/month) plus Spironolactone (Sp, 200 mg/d). Feasibility: Assess longitudinal within-WLWP 6-month changes in: 1) PCOSQ; 2) FreeT, HbA1c, and LH; plus 3) WLWP's acceptance of CyclicP4/Sp.\n\nMethods: Single-centre, prospective, longitudinal single cohort study. Recruit \\~7-8 WLWP/month over 4-6 months; 85% retention. Eligible WLWP have physician-diagnosed PCOS, are 1-month off CHC/metformin, ages 19-35 (avoiding adolescence/perimenopause), HbA1c <6.4% (no diabetes) and commit to non-hormonal contraception, if needed. Recruitment uses online, internet, strategic ads and tear-tab posters. Measures at 0 and 6 months: as above plus K+ (safety assessment). Menstrual Cycle Diary monitoring (flow, adherence), 2 visits, monthly telephone/emails for support and assessment of any adverse effects. Statistical analysis: changes by paired T-test.\nSummary: A feasibility 6-month study of CyclicP4/Sp will facilitate a CIHR-funded RCT of CHC versus this innovative and likely beneficial treatment for WLWP.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Open Collections"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.14288/1.0396377","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.14288/1.0396377"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-catabolic-and-natriuretic-effects-of-progesterone-in-man-recslrqqesvkln2va/","name":"The catabolic and natriuretic effects of progesterone in man","headline":"The catabolic and natriuretic effects of progesterone in man","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-catabolic-and-natriuretic-effects-of-progesterone-in-man-recslrqqesvkln2va/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jingyi Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4874-2874","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wuhan Union Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0371fqr87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiqian Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9305-8142","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangdong Province Women and Children Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0493m8x04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qing He","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3588-9466","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wei-Wei Feng","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8089-9364","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Li Ding","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7982-4157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tianjin Medical University General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/003sav965"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhaoyi Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2390-1368","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangdong Province Women and Children Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0493m8x04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Haonan Yu","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tianjin Medical University General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/003sav965"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qian Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3854-2495","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chongqing Public Health Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04dcmpg83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ning Lü","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3826-8673","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tianjin Medical University General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/003sav965"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Xu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8380-3057","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Central South University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jingqiu Cui","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7568-3622","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tianjin Medical University General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/003sav965"}}],"datePublished":"2021-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"100","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"40","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Recent Progress in Hormone Research"}}},"pageStart":"e27453","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"13758651"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevalence-of-hormonerelated-mood-disorder-symptoms-in-women-with-adhd-xcsewv8r/","name":"Prevalence of hormone-related mood disorder symptoms in women with ADHD","headline":"Prevalence of hormone-related mood disorder symptoms in women with ADHD","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevalence-of-hormonerelated-mood-disorder-symptoms-in-women-with-adhd-xcsewv8r/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Dorani F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bijlenga D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Beekman ATF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"van Someren EJW"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J. J. Sandra Kooij","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8644-6323","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"PsyQ","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02axh0j46"}}],"datePublished":"2021-01-01","abstract":"This is the first study to assess the prevalence of symptoms of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), episodes of postpartum depression symptoms (PPD) after first childbirth, and climacteric mood symptoms in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). 209 consecutive women (18-71 years) with ADHD completed the PMDD chapter of the Neuropsychiatric Interview Plus version 5.0.0 to assess PMDD, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale to assess PPD, and the Greene Climacteric Scale to assess climacteric symptoms. Comorbid psychiatric disorders, medication use, and chronobiological sleep characteristics were also assessed. The prevalence of PMDD and PPD were high in ADHD, compared to the general population. PMDD symptoms were associated with less use of contraceptives. Antidepressants were associated with more PMDD symptoms. The following GCS scores were significant increased: anxiety, depression, and sexual dysfunction, vasomotor and somatic complaints. No significant differences were found in sleep characteristics or current comorbidity between the groups with and without PPD or PMDD, or increased climacteric scores. The prevalences of PMDD, PPD and climacteric scores were high in women with ADHD. This is the first study in women with ADHD that suggests that female ADHD patients suffer from significant PMDD symptoms, experience PPD during the first child birth, and experience more severe climacteric symptoms.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"133","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of psychiatric research"}},"pageStart":"10","pageEnd":"15","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.12.005","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104270636"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.12.005"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33302160"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q104270636"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/patterns-of-endogenous-and-exogenous-ovarian-hormone-modulation-on-recovery-metr-zt52pgbq/","name":"Patterns of endogenous and exogenous ovarian hormone modulation on recovery metrics across the menstrual cycle","headline":"Patterns of endogenous and exogenous ovarian hormone modulation on recovery metrics across the menstrual cycle","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/patterns-of-endogenous-and-exogenous-ovarian-hormone-modulation-on-recovery-metr-zt52pgbq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sims ST"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ware L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Capodilupo ER"}],"datePublished":"2021-01-01","abstract":"INTRODUCTION: As the number of female athletes competing rises globally, training methodologies should reflect sex differences across critical metrics of adaptation to training. Surrogate markers of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) used for monitoring training load are heart rate variability (HRV) and resting heart rate (RHR). The aim was to investigate ovarian hormone effects on standard recovery metrics (HRV, RHR, respiratory rate (RR) and sleep duration) across a large population of female athletes.\n\nMETHODS: A retrospective study analysed 362 852 days of data representing 13 535 menstrual cycles (MC) from 4594 respondents (natural MC n=3870, BC n=455, progestin-only n=269) for relationships and/or differences between endogenous and exogenous ovarian hormones on ANS.\n\nRESULTS: HRV and return to baseline (recovery) decreased as resting HR and RR increased (p<0.001) from the early follicular to the late luteal phase of the MC. Patterning was paradoxical across phases for users of combined hormonal contraception (BC) as compared with the patterning of the MC. HRV and recovery start elevated and drop off quickly during the withdrawal bleed, rising through the active pill weeks (p<0.001). Progestin-only users had similar patterning as the MC. The relationship between normalised recovery and previous day strain is modulated by birth control type. BC exhibited steeper declines in recovery with additional strain-normalised recovery decreases by an additional 0.0055±0.00135 (p<0.001) per unit of strain; with no significant difference between MC and progestin-only (p=0.19).\n\nCONCLUSION: The patterning of ANS modulation from ovarian hormones is significantly different between naturally cycling women and those on BC, with the patterning dependent on the type of contraception used.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ open sport & exercise medicine"}}},"pageStart":"e001047","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2021-001047","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136265926"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmjsem-2021-001047"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34367655"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q136265926"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/contraceptive-effectiveness-of-an-fda-cleared-birth-control-app-results-from-the-recdvfvoio31etbse/","name":"Contraceptive Effectiveness of an FDA-Cleared Birth Control App: Results from the  Natural Cycles U.S. Cohort","headline":"Contraceptive Effectiveness of an FDA-Cleared Birth Control App: Results from the  Natural Cycles U.S. Cohort","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/contraceptive-effectiveness-of-an-fda-cleared-birth-control-app-results-from-the-recdvfvoio31etbse/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jack T Pearson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6160-2134","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Natural Cycles Nordic AB, Stockholm, Sweden","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056hm0802"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Simon P Rowland","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5842-3872","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Natural Cycles USA Corp, New York, New York, USA.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056hm0802"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eleonora Benhar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6654-4906","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Natural Cycles USA Corp, New York, New York, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Berglund Scherwitzl E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Juan Acuna","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9022-6481","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Khalifa University of Science and Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hffr360"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gemzell Danielsson K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kristina Gemzell‐Danielsson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6516-1444","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Karolinska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00m8d6786"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elina Berglund Scherwitzl","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Natural Cycles Nordic AB, Stockholm, Sweden","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056hm0802"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Magda Chelstowska","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Natural Cycles Nordic AB, Stockholm, Sweden","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056hm0802"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kristina Gemzell-Danielsson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Helena Kopp Kallner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7184-9165","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Karolinska Institutet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056d84691"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Raoul Scherwitzl","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Natural Cycles Nordic AB, Stockholm, Sweden","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056hm0802"}}],"datePublished":"2020-12-29","abstract":"Background: Digital fertility awareness-based methods of birth control are an attractive alternative to hormonal or invasive birth control for modern women. They are also popular among women who may be planning a pregnancy over the coming years and wish to learn about their individual menstrual cycle. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of the Natural Cycles app at preventing pregnancy for a cohort of women from the United States and to describe the key demographics of current users of the app in such a cohort.\n\nMaterials and Methods: This prospective real-world cohort study included users who purchased an annual subscription to prevent pregnancy. Demographics were assessed through answers to in-app questionnaires. Birth control effectiveness estimates for the entire cohort were calculated using 1-year pearl index (PI) and 13-cycle cumulative pregnancy probability (Kaplan-Meier life table analysis).\n\nResults: The study included 5879 women who contributed an average of 10.5 months of data for a total of 5125 woman-years of exposure. The average user was 30 years old with a body mass index of 24 and reported being in a stable relationship. With typical use, the app had a 13-cycle cumulative pregnancy probability of 7.2% and a 1-year typical use PI of 6.2. When the app was used under perfect use, the PI was 2.0.\n\nConclusions: The data presented in this study give insights into the cohort of women using this app in the United States, and provide country-specific effectiveness estimates. The contraceptive effectiveness of the app was in line with previously published figures from Natural Cycles (PI of seven for typical use and two for perfect use).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"30","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Women's Health (2002)"}}},"pageStart":"782","pageEnd":"788","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2020.8547","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104607030"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1089/jwh.2020.8547"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33370220"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q104607030"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/amniotic-fluid-embolism-syndrome-analysis-of-the-unites-states-international-reg-rech4c5ndcan8vp89/","name":"Amniotic fluid embolism syndrome: analysis of the Unites States International  Registry","headline":"Amniotic fluid embolism syndrome: analysis of the Unites States International  Registry","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/amniotic-fluid-embolism-syndrome-analysis-of-the-unites-states-international-reg-rech4c5ndcan8vp89/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Irene Stafford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2803-7329","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amirhossein Moaddab","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2760-4691","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gary A Dildy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1586-4357","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael A Belfort","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1179-7647","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roberto Romero","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4448-5121","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandra Berra","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Steven L Clark","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Miranda Klassen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Amniotic Fluid Embolism Foundation, Vista, CA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine Watters","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4628-207X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01qv8fp92"}}],"datePublished":"2020-12-22","abstract":"Background: Incidence, risk factors, and perinatal morbidity and mortality rates related to amniotic fluid embolism remain a challenge to evaluate, given the presence of differing international diagnostic criteria, the lack of a gold standard diagnostic test, and a significant overlap with other causes of obstetric morbidity and mortality.\n\nObjective: The aims of this study were (1) to analyze the clinical features and outcomes of women using the largest United States-based contemporary international amniotic fluid embolism registry, and (2) to investigate differences in demographic and obstetric variables, clinical presentation, and outcomes between women with typical versus atypical amniotic fluid embolism, using previously published and validated criteria for the research reporting of amniotic fluid embolism.\n\nMaterials and Methods: The AFE Registry is an international database established at Baylor College of Medicine (Houston, TX) in partnership with the Amniotic Fluid Embolism Foundation (Vista, CA) and the Perinatology Research Branch of the Division of Intramural Research of the NICHD/NIH/DHHS (Detroit, MI). Charts submitted to the registry between August 2013 and September 2017 were reviewed, and cases were categorized into typical, atypical, non-amniotic fluid embolism, and indeterminate, using the previously published and validated criteria for the research reporting of AFE. Demographic and clinical variables, as well as outcomes for patients with typical and atypical AFE, were recorded and compared. Student t tests, χ(2) tests, and analysis of variance tables were used to compare the groups, as appropriate, using SAS/STAT software, version 9.4.\n\nResults: A total of 129 charts were available for review. Of these, 46% (59/129) represented typical amniotic fluid embolism and 12% (15/129) atypical amniotic fluid embolism, 21% (27/129) were non-amniotic fluid embolism cases with a clear alternative diagnosis, and 22% (28/129) had an uncertain diagnosis. Of the 27 women misclassified as an amniotic fluid embolism with an alternative diagnosis, the most common actual diagnosis was hypovolemic shock secondary to postpartum hemorrhage. Ten percent (6/59) of the women with typical amniotic fluid embolism had a pregnancy complicated by placenta previa, and 8% (5/61) had undergone in vitro fertilization to achieve pregnancy. In all, 66% (49/74) of the women with amniotic fluid embolism reported a history of atopy or latex, medication, or food allergy, compared to 34% of the obstetric population delivered at our hospital over the study period (P < .05).\n\nConclusion: Our data represent a series of women with amniotic fluid embolism whose diagnosis has been validated by detailed chart review, using recently published and validated criteria for research reporting of amniotic fluid embolism. Although no definitive risk factors were identified, a high rate of placenta previa, reported allergy, and conceptions achieved through in vitro fertilization was observed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology MFM"}}},"pageStart":"100083","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajogmf.2019.100083","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104511496"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ajogmf.2019.100083"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33345954"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q104511496"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/postoperative-ultrasound-as-a-predictor-of-newborn-function-and-ambulation-after-recx2ip2hgh8ckgxp/","name":"Postoperative Ultrasound as a Predictor of Newborn Function and Ambulation after  Open Fetal Myelomeningocele Repair","headline":"Postoperative Ultrasound as a Predictor of Newborn Function and Ambulation after  Open Fetal Myelomeningocele Repair","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/postoperative-ultrasound-as-a-predictor-of-newborn-function-and-ambulation-after-recx2ip2hgh8ckgxp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Cara Buskmiller","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1313-1192","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women’s Health, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chase M. Pribble","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher Quinn Buchanan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Allan Fisher","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0046-0840","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health, St. Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA."}}],"datePublished":"2020-12-18","abstract":"Objective: Function of the lower extremities after prenatal myelomeningocele (MMC) repair is best assessed with ambulatory function at 30-36 months of age, but parents often ask about function before this milestone. Lower extremity movement can be assessed by ultrasound (US) and at the newborn exam (NE), but correlation between US, NE, and ambulation is not firmly established.\n\nMethods: This was a retrospective correlation study of fetuses that underwent open prenatal MMC repair at SSM Cardinal Glennon Fetal Care Institute, St. Louis, MO, between January 2011 and June 2017. Movement at the ankles, knees, and hips was assessed by US after open repair on postoperative days (PODs) 0-5 and at 32 weeks gestation. NE was performed by physical therapy or neurosurgery within the first month of life, and pediatric follow-up between 30 and 36 months of age was obtained to document ambulation.\n\nResults: Forty-two fetuses were included. Joint movement seen on US varied by POD: it was present on POD 1 in 7% of fetuses and 62% by POD 5. Degree of ventriculomegaly, lesion level, and lesion length did not have a significant effect on US, NE, or ambulation. Knee movement on POD 3 correlated with knee movement at NE (k = 0.58, p < 0.01), but only later knee movement correlated with ambulation (k = 0.28-0.46, p = 0.01). Hip movement at 32 weeks was the only single joint assessment that correlated with NE and ambulation (k = 0.45 and 0.46, p = 0.03 and 0.01, respectively).\n\nConclusion: Lower extremity movement increases between POD 1 and POD 5 in fetuses after open fetal MMC repair. Knee and hip movement on US at 32 weeks correlates with ambulation at 30-36 months. These data may inform counseling, and direct therapy and spark prospective investigations.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"48","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy"}}},"pageStart":"128","pageEnd":"133","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1159/000512046","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104493048"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1159/000512046"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33333535"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q104493048"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/factors-affecting-the-success-of-fallopian-tube-recanalization-in-treatment-of-t-recsxtt2k5edj5vlb/","name":"Factors affecting the success of fallopian tube recanalization in treatment of  tubal obstructive infertility","headline":"Factors affecting the success of fallopian tube recanalization in treatment of  tubal obstructive infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/factors-affecting-the-success-of-fallopian-tube-recanalization-in-treatment-of-t-recsxtt2k5edj5vlb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mingjin Cai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7224-6152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fb35g87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ting-Hsiu Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1685-3147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tri-Service General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007h4qe29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wanling He","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0731-4540","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fb35g87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shikuan Huang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9451-8366","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fb35g87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yuhua Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3842-475X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fb35g87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Huawei Shen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2717-9939","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fb35g87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qianyan Tan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0181-341X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fb35g87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Danni Zheng","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2913-2878","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fb35g87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mimi Zhou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7797-5078","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fb35g87"}}],"datePublished":"2020-12-17","abstract":"Objective: To examine potential risk factors associated with the success rate following fallopian tube recanalization (FTR) in infertile women with obstruction of the proximal fallopian tube.\n\nMethods: We retrospectively studied patients who underwent FTR for tubal obstructive infertility between January 2016 and December 2018 at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University. FTR was performed using a catheter and guidewire system to clear tubal obstruction. Predictive factors potentially associated with the success rate were assessed by logistic regression.\n\nResults: A total of 762 patients were included. Multivariable analysis showed that age (odds ratio [OR] = 2.38, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.24-4.58), infertility type (OR = 2.82, 95% CI: 1.36-6.21), history of ectopic pregnancy (OR = 7.87, 95% CI: 4.05-15.81), history of abdominal surgery (OR = 4.30, 95% CI: 2.22-8.60), history of artificial abortion curettage (OR = 4.08, 95% CI: 2.12-8.03), and duration of infertility (OR = 2.03, 95% CI: 1.06-3.85) were independently associated with postoperative tubal patency.\n\nConclusions: Our findings suggest that risk factors, such as age ≥35 years, secondary infertility, duration of infertility ≥5 years, and histories of ectopic pregnancy, abdominal surgery, and artificial abortion curettage, affect the success rate of FTR. These factors may also predict surgical success in treating tubal obstructive infertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"48","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of International Medical Research"}}},"pageStart":"300060520979218","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/0300060520979218","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104478601"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/0300060520979218"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33322979"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q104478601"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-and-reproduction-after-recovery-from-anorexia-nervosa-a-systematic-rev-nshldsgl/","name":"Fertility and Reproduction after Recovery from Anorexia Nervosa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Long-Term Follow-Up Studies","headline":"Fertility and Reproduction after Recovery from Anorexia Nervosa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Long-Term Follow-Up Studies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-and-reproduction-after-recovery-from-anorexia-nervosa-a-systematic-rev-nshldsgl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Chaer R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nakouzi N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Itani L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tannir H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kreidieh D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"El Masri D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"El Ghoch M"}],"datePublished":"2020-12-16","abstract":"Reproductive health is compromised during anorexia nervosa (AN). However, it is still unclear whether this medical complication is reversible after recovery from AN. The purpose of this paper was to conduct a systematic review of the major reproductive health outcomes in females after recovery from AN. The review was conducted in adherence to preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Data were collated using meta-analysis and a narrative approach. Of the 1186 articles retrieved, five studies met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed. These studies monitored weight-restored females who had recovered from AN for a follow-up period of between six and 18 years. Their narrative analysis revealed that appropriate treatment of AN leads to the normalization of reproductive function, especially in terms of fertility, pregnancy, and childbirth rates. The meta-analysis confirmed this finding, where the pooled odds of childbirth rates between the AN group and the general population was not statistically significant (OR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.43-1.29, p = 0.41). We conclude that if patients undergo appropriate eating-disorder treatment and weight restoration, it appears to be unlikely that reproductive health is affected by AN. However, since this finding is derived from only a few studies, it requires replication and confirmation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)"}}},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases8040046","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104501351"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/diseases8040046"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33339411"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q104501351"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptives-and-the-serotonin-4-receptor-a-molecular-brain-imaging-study-rech752e6qrutajhq/","name":"Oral contraceptives and the serotonin 4 receptor: a molecular brain imaging study  in healthy women","headline":"Oral contraceptives and the serotonin 4 receptor: a molecular brain imaging study  in healthy women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptives-and-the-serotonin-4-receptor-a-molecular-brain-imaging-study-rech752e6qrutajhq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Søren Vinther Larsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1428-4131","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rigshospitalet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mchdq19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Köhler-Forsberg","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Neurobiology Research Unit, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K. Köhler‐Forsberg","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035b05819"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"V H Dam","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5467-5159","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035b05819"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A S Poulsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6976-9868","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rigshospitalet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mchdq19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Svarer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7811-1825","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rigshospitalet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mchdq19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P S Jensen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7058-6930","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Neurobiology Research Unit Rigshospitalet Copenhagen Denmark"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G M Knudsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1508-6866","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035b05819"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P M Fisher","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8115-0611","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rigshospitalet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mchdq19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vibe Gedso Frokjaer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9321-2365","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035b05819"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Ozenne","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035b05819"}}],"datePublished":"2020-12-15","abstract":"Objective: Sex steroid hormones potently shape brain functions, including those critical to maintain mental health such as serotonin signaling. Use of oral contraceptives (OCs) profoundly changes endogenous sex steroid hormone levels and dynamics. Recent register-based studies show that starting an OC is associated with increased risk of developing depression. Here, we investigate whether use of OCs in healthy women is associated with a marker of the serotonin system in terms of serotonin 4 receptor (5-HT4R) brain imaging.\n\nMethods: [(11)C]SB207145-PET imaging data on 53 healthy women, of whom 16 used OCs, were available from the Cimbi database. We evaluated global effects of OC use on 5-HT4R binding in a latent variable model based on 5-HT4R binding across cortical and subcortical regions.\n\nResults: We demonstrate that OC users have 9-12% lower global brain 5-HT4R binding potential compared to non-users. Univariate region-based analyses (pallidostriatum, caudate, hippocampus, amygdala, anterior cingulate cortex, and neocortex) supported the global effect of OC use with the largest difference present in the hippocampus (-12.8% (95% CI [-21.0; -3.9], P(corrected) = 0.03).\n\nConclusion: We show that women who use OCs have markedly lower brain 5-HT4R binding relative to non-users, which constitutes a plausible molecular link between OC use and increased risk of depressive episodes. We propose that this reflects a reduced 5-HT4R gene expression, possibly related to a blunted ovarian hormone state among OC users.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"142","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica"}}},"pageStart":"294","pageEnd":"306","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/acps.13211","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q97830035"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/acps.13211"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33314049"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q97830035"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancy-induced-long-term-uterine-vascular-remodeling-in-the-rat-rece1fbjxkzm73h8k/","name":"Pregnancy-induced long-term uterine vascular remodeling in the rat","headline":"Pregnancy-induced long-term uterine vascular remodeling in the rat","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancy-induced-long-term-uterine-vascular-remodeling-in-the-rat-rece1fbjxkzm73h8k/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Christina Camilleri","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8008-4017","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Franciscan University of Steubenville","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00sfnf466"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cara Buskmiller","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1313-1192","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women’s Health, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephen Sammut","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1507-5235","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Psychology, Franciscan University of Steubenville, 1235 University Blvd, Steubenville, OH, 43952, USA. Electronic address: ssammut@franciscan.edu.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00sfnf466"}}],"datePublished":"2020-12-07","abstract":"Despite the available research investigating uterine physiology during and immediately following pregnancy, including at the vascular and muscular levels, knowledge of the potential long-term timeline of such changes is limited. Thus, our study sought to investigate the potential long-term changes in uterine vasculature and horn length in the postpartum rat, following delivery and weaning. Female Long-Evans rats (n = 9-11 rats/group/timepoint) were divided into two groups: a pregnant group and an age-matched virgin control group. Rat weight, food consumption and vaginal impedance measurements were recorded throughout the experiment. Rats in the pregnant group were bred and pregnancy was confirmed using ultrasound imaging. The uterus and its vasculature were collected at various timepoints following weaning: 3 (week of weaning), 8-9 and 13 weeks postpartum, and at age-equivalent timepoints in the virgin group, and the diameters of the main uterine artery and vein, and lengths of the mesometrial segmental vessels (MSV) and uterine horns were recorded. The results indicated a significant difference between the previously-pregnant and virgin rats in both internal and external arterial diameters (but not arterial wall thickness), as well as the uterine horn length, 3 weeks postpartum, but not 8-9 and 13 weeks postpartum. Significant differences were observed in both venous diameter and MSV length at all timepoints measured. Placental scars were also observed in previously-pregnant rats at all timepoints measured. Our study highlights the long-term impact of pregnancy on the uterine vasculature and the necessity for consideration of such changes on subsequent pregnancies, as well as pregnancy-related vascular pathologies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproductive Biology"}}},"pageStart":"100466","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.repbio.2020.100466","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104079138"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.repbio.2020.100466"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33279772"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q104079138"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/developing-a-core-outcome-set-for-future-infertility-research-an-international-c-b6mejkcp/","name":"Developing a core outcome set for future infertility research: an international consensus development study","headline":"Developing a core outcome set for future infertility research: an international consensus development study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/developing-a-core-outcome-set-for-future-infertility-research-an-international-c-b6mejkcp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duffy JMN, AlAhwany H, Bhattacharya S, Collura B, Curtis C, Evers JLH, Farquharson RG, Franik S, Giudice LC, Khalaf Y, Knijnenburg JML, Leeners B, Legro RS, Lensen S, Vazquez-Niebla JC, Mavrelos D, Mol BWJ, Niederberger C, Ng EHY, Otter AS, Puscasiu L, Rautakallio-Hokkanen S, Repping S, Sarris I, Simpson JL, Strandell A, Strawbridge C, Torrance HL, Vail A, van Wely M, Vercoe MA, Vuong NL, Wang AY, Wang R, Wilkinson J, Youssef MA, Farquhar CM"}],"datePublished":"2020-12-01","abstract":"STUDY QUESTION: Can a core outcome set to standardize outcome selection, collection and reporting across future infertility research be developed? SUMMARY ANSWER: A minimum data set, known as a core outcome set, has been developed for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and systematic reviews evaluating potential treatments for infertility. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Complex issues, including a failure to consider the perspectives of people with fertility problems when selecting outcomes, variations in outcome definitions and the selective reporting of outcomes on the basis of statistical analysis, make the results of infertility research difficult to interpret. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: A three-round Delphi survey (372 participants from 41 countries) and consensus development workshop (30 participants from 27 countries). MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: The core outcome set consists of: viable intrauterine pregnancy confirmed by ultrasound (accounting for singleton, twin and higher multiple pregnancy); pregnancy loss (accounting for ectopic pregnancy, miscarriage, stillbirth and termination of pregnancy); live birth; gestational age at delivery; birthweight; neonatal mortality; and major congenital anomaly. Time to pregnancy leading to live birth should be reported when applicable. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: Embedding the core outcome set within RCTs and systematic reviews should ensure the comprehensive selection, collection and reporting of core outcomes. Research funding bodies, the SPIRIT statement, and over 80 specialty journals, including Cochrane Gynaecology and Fertility Group, Fertility and Sterility and Human Reproduction, have committed to implementing this core outcome set.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deaa241","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/deaa241"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33252685"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/2018-assisted-reproductive-technology-fertility-clinic-success-rates-report-sk6eze5a/","name":"2018 Assisted Reproductive Technology Fertility Clinic Success Rates Report","headline":"2018 Assisted Reproductive Technology Fertility Clinic Success Rates Report","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/2018-assisted-reproductive-technology-fertility-clinic-success-rates-report-sk6eze5a/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention"}],"datePublished":"2020-12-01","abstract":"The 2018 Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) Fertility Clinic Success Rates Report, prepared under the Fertility Clinic Success Rate and Certification Act of 1992 (Public Law 102-493), presents data submitted to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) by 456 reporting fertility clinics in the United States, Puerto Rico, and the District of Columbia for ART cycles initiated during the 2018 reporting year. The report includes 203,119 ART cycles, 73,831 live-birth deliveries, and 81,478 infants born through ART. Clinic-specific data are presented for each reporting clinic and include fresh and frozen ART cycles using patients' own eggs and donor eggs, broken out by patient age band (less than 35, 35 to 37, 38 to 40, 41 to 42, and over 42 years). The 2018 Report introduced data suppression rules to suppress the publication of small numbers (1 through 4) to reduce the risk of patient identification. The Report also presents national summary figures and clinic table summaries, including cumulative success rates that combine fresh and frozen embryo transfers from a single oocyte retrieval. CDC estimates that the proportion of all ART cycles reported to the National ART Surveillance System (NASS) represents 97 to 98 percent of all ART cycles performed in the United States.","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosisassociated-ovarian-carcinomas-insights-into-pathogenesis-diagnostic-axv2bzg5/","name":"Endometriosis-associated ovarian carcinomas: insights into pathogenesis, diagnostics, and therapeutic targets-a narrative review","headline":"Endometriosis-associated ovarian carcinomas: insights into pathogenesis, diagnostics, and therapeutic targets-a narrative review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosisassociated-ovarian-carcinomas-insights-into-pathogenesis-diagnostic-axv2bzg5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Samartzis EP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Labidi-Galy SI"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Moschetta M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Uccello M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kalaitzopoulos DR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Perez-Fidalgo JA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Boussios S"}],"datePublished":"2020-12-01","abstract":"Endometriosis is a benign gynecologic condition affecting up to one woman out of ten of reproductive age. It is defined by the presence of endometrial-like tissue in localizations outside of the uterine cavity. It often causes symptoms such as chronic pain, most frequently associated with the menstrual cycle, and infertility, but may also be oligo- or asymptomatic. There is evidence that some ovarian carcinoma (OC) histotypes, mainly the ovarian clear cell (OCCC) and endometrioid (EnOC) carcinoma, may arise from endometriosis. The most frequent genomic alterations in these carcinomas are mutations in the AT-rich interacting domain containing protein 1A (ARID1A) gene, a subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex, and alterations in the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mTOR pathway, which frequently co-occur. In ARID1A deficient cancers preclinical experimental data suggest different targetable mechanisms including epigenetic regulation, cell cycle, genomic instability, the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, inflammatory pathways, immune modulation, or metabolic alterations as potential precision oncology approaches. Most of these strategies are relying on the concept of synthetic lethality in which tumors deficient in ARID1A are more sensitive to the different compounds. Some of these approaches are currently being or have recently been investigated in early clinical trials. The remarkably frequent occurrence of these mutations in endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer, the occurrence in a relatively young population, and the high proportion of platinum-resistant disease certainly warrants further investigation of precision oncology opportunities in this population. Furthermore, advanced knowledge about oncogenic mutations involved in endometriosis-associated ovarian carcinomas may be potentially useful for early cancer detection. However, this approach may be complicated by the frequent occurrence of somatic mutations in benign endometriotic tissue as recent studies suggest. In this narrative review of the current literature, we will discuss the data available on endometriosis-associated ovarian carcinoma, with special emphasis on epidemiology, diagnosis and molecular changes that could have therapeutic implications and clinical applicability in the future.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Annals of translational medicine"}}},"pageStart":"1712","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.21037/atm-20-3022a","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.21037/atm-20-3022a"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33490224"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pivotal-role-of-boron-supplementation-on-bone-health-a-narrative-review-er8ejnov/","name":"Pivotal role of boron supplementation on bone health: A narrative review","headline":"Pivotal role of boron supplementation on bone health: A narrative review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pivotal-role-of-boron-supplementation-on-bone-health-a-narrative-review-er8ejnov/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rondanelli M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Faliva MA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peroni G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Infantino V"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gasparri C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Iannello G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Simone Perna","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2720-1473","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Milan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wjc7c48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Riva A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tartara A"}],"datePublished":"2020-12-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Boron is a trace element that plays an important role in numerous biological functions, including calcium metabolism, growth and maintenance of bone tissue. However, there are still no precise indications regarding a possible role of boron supplementation, and its amount of supplementation, to maintain bone health. So the aim of this narrative review was to consider the state of the art on the effectiveness of boron supplementation (alone or with other micronutrients) on growth and maintenance of bone in humans through control of calcium, vitamin D and sex steroid hormone metabolism in order to suggest a daily dosage of boron supplementation.\n\nMAIN FINDINGS: This review included 11 eligible studies: 7 regarding the supplementation with boron alone and 4 regarding supplementation with boron and other nutrients. Despite the number of studies considered being low, the number of subjects studied is high (594) and the results are interesting.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: The studies considered in this narrative review have evaluated the positive effectiveness on bone, in humans, through control of calcium, vitamin D and sex steroid hormone metabolism, considering a dietary supplementation of 3 mg/day of boron (alone or with other nutrients); this supplementation is demonstrably useful to support bone health (in order to prevent and maintain adequate bone mineral density), also considering the daily dose of 3 mg is much lower than the Upper Level indicated by EFSA in the daily dose of 10 mg.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"62","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS)"}},"pageStart":"126577","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126577","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96428757"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126577"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32540741"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q96428757"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/regarding-surgical-management-of-superficial-peritoneal-adolescent-endometriosis-reczc3ry3k70idqoe/","name":"Regarding Surgical Management of Superficial Peritoneal Adolescent Endometriosis  by Laufer and Einarsson","headline":"Regarding Surgical Management of Superficial Peritoneal Adolescent Endometriosis  by Laufer and Einarsson","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/regarding-surgical-management-of-superficial-peritoneal-adolescent-endometriosis-reczc3ry3k70idqoe/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Iris Kerin Orbuch"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ken Sinervo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Endometriosis Care, Atlanta, GA."}}],"datePublished":"2020-12-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"34","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"238","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpag.2020.11.010","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103758976"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jpag.2020.11.010"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33253863"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q103758976"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/testing-and-interpreting-measures-of-ovarian-reserve-a-committee-opinion-pcd6cgpj/","name":"Testing and interpreting measures of ovarian reserve: a committee opinion","headline":"Testing and interpreting measures of ovarian reserve: a committee opinion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/testing-and-interpreting-measures-of-ovarian-reserve-a-committee-opinion-pcd6cgpj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Electronic address: asrm@asrm.org"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine"}],"datePublished":"2020-12-01","abstract":"Ovarian reserve is defined as the number of oocytes remaining in the ovary, or oocyte quantity (oocyte number). Markers of ovarian reserve include hormone levels and sonographically measured features of the ovaries. These markers can be useful as predictors of oocyte yield following controlled ovarian stimulation and oocyte retrieval. However, they are poor predictors of reproductive potential independently from age. This document replaces the document of the same name last published in 2012 (Fertil Steril 2012;98:1407-15).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"114","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1151","pageEnd":"1157","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2020.09.134","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2020.09.134"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33280722"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-role-of-endocrinedisrupting-chemicals-in-uterine-fibroid-pathogenesis-ulcvugpb/","name":"The role of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in uterine fibroid pathogenesis","headline":"The role of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in uterine fibroid pathogenesis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-role-of-endocrinedisrupting-chemicals-in-uterine-fibroid-pathogenesis-ulcvugpb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bariani MV"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rangaswamy R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Siblini H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qiwen Yang","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nanjing Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059gcgy73"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Al-Hendy A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zota AR"}],"datePublished":"2020-12-01","abstract":"PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Uterine leiomyoma (fibroids) is a gynecologic disorder impacting the majority of women in the United States. When symptomatic, these noncancerous tumors can cause severe morbidity including pelvic pain, menorrhagia, and infertility. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) may represent a modifiable risk factor. The aim of this review is to summarize recent human and experimental evidence on EDCs exposures and fibroids.\n\nRECENT FINDINGS: Multiple EDCs are associated with fibroid outcomes and/or processes including phthalates, parabens, environmental phenols, alternate plasticizers, Diethylstilbestrol, organophosphate esters, and tributyltin. Epidemiologic studies suggest exposure to certain EDCs, such as di-(2-ethylhxyl)-phthalate (DEHP), are associated with increased fibroid risk and severity. Both human and experimental studies indicate that epigenetic processes may play an important role in linking EDCs to fibroid pathogenesis. In-vitro and in-vivo studies show that DEHP, bisphenol A, and diethylstilbestrol can impact biological pathways critical to fibroid pathogenesis.\n\nSUMMARY: While research on EDCs and fibroids is still evolving, recent evidence suggests EDC exposures may contribute to fibroid risk and progression. Further research is needed to examine the impacts of EDC mixtures and to identify critical biological pathways and windows of exposure. These results could open the door to new prevention strategies for fibroids.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"27","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Current opinion in endocrinology, diabetes, and obesity"}}},"pageStart":"380","pageEnd":"387","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/MED.0000000000000578","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q100522184"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000578"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33044243"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q100522184"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/myo-inositol-supplementation-to-prevent-gestational-diabetes-in-overweight-non-o-recha4nakwvmzsqen/","name":"Myo-inositol supplementation to prevent gestational diabetes in overweight  non-obese women: bioelectrical impedance analysis, metabolic aspects, obstetric  and neonatal outcomes - a randomized and open-label, placebo-controlled clinical  trial","headline":"Myo-inositol supplementation to prevent gestational diabetes in overweight  non-obese women: bioelectrical impedance analysis, metabolic aspects, obstetric  and neonatal outcomes - a randomized and open-label, placebo-controlled clinical  trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/myo-inositol-supplementation-to-prevent-gestational-diabetes-in-overweight-non-o-recha4nakwvmzsqen/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Francesco Corrado","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7461-5372","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Salvatore Caruso","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8996-7160","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Catania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonio Cianci","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2758-3413","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Catania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rosario D'Anna","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4655-5071","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Messina, Italy.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonino DI Benedetto","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4093-5655","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Loretta Giunta","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Salvatore Giovanni Vitale","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6871-6097","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Catania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57"}}],"datePublished":"2020-11-27","abstract":"This study aims to evaluate the effects of myo-inositol supplementation on gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) rates and body water distribution in overweight non-obese women. 223 overweight non-obese women pregnant were randomly assigned to the treatment group (2 g of myo-inositol plus 200 µg of folic acid) or to the placebo one (200 µg of folic acid). The treatment lasted until three weeks after delivery. A tetrapolar impedance analyser was used to study body composition. The incidence of GDM was significantly reduced in the myo-inositol group compared with the placebo group. There was a significant increase in TBW, ECW and ICW values in the placebo group compared to the myo-inositol group. We have recorded a significant reduction in the overall incidence of pregnancy-induced hypertension in the myo-inositol group compared with the placebo group. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of myo-inositol supplementation in preventing GDM in overweight non-obese pregnant women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"72","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition"}}},"pageStart":"670","pageEnd":"679","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/09637486.2020.1852191","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102386965"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/09637486.2020.1852191"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33238798"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q102386965"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/marital-satisfaction-of-infertile-couples-using-natural-procreative-technology-n-rec206hnavvdkxwr8/","name":"Marital Satisfaction of Infertile Couples Using Natural Procreative Technology (NaProTECHNOLOGY)","headline":"Marital Satisfaction of Infertile Couples Using Natural Procreative Technology (NaProTECHNOLOGY)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/marital-satisfaction-of-infertile-couples-using-natural-procreative-technology-n-rec206hnavvdkxwr8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacqueline M McGrath","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1731-7181","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Apple (Israel)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04ehjr030"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Camacho","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8424-914X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Apple (Israel)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04ehjr030"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paul A Carpentier","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mount Wachusett Community College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02p6vh725"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Annette Jakubisin Konicki","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Apple (Israel)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04ehjr030"}}],"datePublished":"2020-11-26","abstract":"Infertility affects one in 16 married women in the United States where 12.7% of these seek treatment. The stress of infertility and treatment is known to impact marital satisfaction, which can be further complicated by personal and religious beliefs regarding the ethics of some assistive reproductive technologies. A morally acceptable approach to infertility diagnosis and treatment is natural procreative technology or NaProTECHNOLOGY (NPT) using the Creighton Model FertilityCare™ System. A quantitative, descriptive study utilizing demographic surveys and the Index of Marital Satisfaction found that couples using NPT reported marital satisfaction.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"38","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Christian Nursing : a Quarterly Publication of Nurses Christian  Fellowship"}}},"pageStart":"224","pageEnd":"229","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/CNJ.0000000000000802","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102378579"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/CNJ.0000000000000802"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33234801"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q102378579"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/is-art-utilization-the-best-indicator-of-access-to-fertility-care-rec9f33o99mgi2iwf/","name":"Is ART utilization the best indicator of access to fertility care?","headline":"Is ART utilization the best indicator of access to fertility care?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/is-art-utilization-the-best-indicator-of-access-to-fertility-care-rec9f33o99mgi2iwf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gabriel James","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6857-0056","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Queensland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00rqy9422"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lucas A McLindon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2044-8681","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mater Health Services","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mjtdk61"}}],"datePublished":"2020-11-17","abstract":"While we agree with many of the points stated by Dyer et al. in their recent commentary inRBMO(Dyer et al., 2020), we believe their conclusions are focused too narrowly. Limiting the indicator of access to, and utilization of, fertility treatment to assisted reproductive technology (ART) excludes information that is of key importance for subfertile couples, populations, and policymakers. Even in countries where access to ART is widespread, there are more births in subfertile couples through non-ART treatment than through ART (Stanford et al., 2016).\nWhile ART is necessary for some couples to have a child, it is not required for many subfertile couples, and overuse of ART may potentially be harmful (Annual Capri Workshop Group 2019). Focusing solely on ART as a metric may unnecessarily encourage overutilization (Boltz et al., 2017).\nWe believe the focus on ART and its outcomes for national and international registries of fertility treatment has stunted the scientific development of non-ART treatments, including those which seek to address underlying health conditions (Boyle et al., 2018). There is a pressing and critical need to develop robust registries of couples treated with non-ART treatments, for the improvement of outcomes and the promotion of robust consumer choice. (Spandorfer, 2020).\nThe ultimate measure of access to fertility care should be determined by the proportion of those with a desire for fertility who achieve a healthy live birth, whether or not ART is required to do so (Mascarenhas et al., 2012). Therefore, notwithstanding methodologic challenges, registry assessments should be developed and supported for all fertility treatments, not only ART.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"41","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproductive Biomedicine Online"}}},"pageStart":"1157","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbmo.2020.09.010","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102063226"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.rbmo.2020.09.010"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33191132"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q102063226"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/complications-related-to-in-vitro-reproductive-techniques-support-the-implementa-reclfeffnu2v67szk/","name":"Complications related to in vitro reproductive techniques support the implementation of natural procreative technologies","headline":"Complications related to in vitro reproductive techniques support the implementation of natural procreative technologies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/complications-related-to-in-vitro-reproductive-techniques-support-the-implementa-reclfeffnu2v67szk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Roberto Angioli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8528-4318","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Campus Bio Medico, Rome, Italy. R.Angioli@unicampus.it."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Matteo Bertelli","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"MAGI EUREGIO, Bolzano, Italy; MAGI'S LAB, Rovereto (TN), Italy; EBTNA-LAB, Rovereto (TN), Italy. matteo.bertelli@assomagi.org."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Natale Capodicasa","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Magi Balkans - Rare Genetic Diseases, Tirana, Albania. ncapodicasa@yahoo.it."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marco Castori","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS-Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy. m.castori@operapadrepio.it."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pietro Chiurazzi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Istituto di Medicina Genomica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; UOC Genetica Medica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Rome Italy. pietrosmile@yahoo.com."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leonardo D'Agruma","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS-Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy. l.dagruma@operapadrepio.it."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kalantary Rad Farshid","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Surgical Department, Unit of Urology, Poliambulanza Foundation, Brescia, Italy. farshid.kalantaryrad@poliambulanza.it."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ezio Fulcheri","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UOSD Fetal and Perinatal Pathology, Department of Translational Research, Laboratory Medicine, Diagnostics and Services, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy. eziofulcheri@gaslini.org."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aysha Karim Kiani","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"MAGI EUREGIO, Bolzano, Italy. ayshakiani@gmail.com."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sandro Michelini","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Vascular Rehabilitation, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, Rome, Italy. s.michelini@acismom.it."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Angelantonio Notarangelo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS-Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy. a.notarangelo@operapadrepio.it."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stefano Paolacci","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"MAGI'S LAB. stefano.paolacci@assomagi.org."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paolo Petralia","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"General Director, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy. paolopetralia@gaslini.org."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Daniela Piccinelli","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Mother and Child Health, Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Poliambulanza Foundation, Brescia, Italy. daniela.piccinelli@poliambulanza.it."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Francesco Plotti","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6218-5616","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Campus Bio Medico, Rome, Italy. f.plotti@unicampus.it."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pietro Scanzano","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Director, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, Rome, Italy. p.scanzano@acismom.it."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Corrado Terranova","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2231-8506","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Campus Bio Medico, Rome, Italy. C.Terranova@unicampus.it."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gerolamo Tonini","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Surgical Department, Unit of Urology, Poliambulanza Foundation, Brescia, Italy. gerolamotonini@libero.it."}}],"datePublished":"2020-11-11","abstract":"BACKGROUND AND AIM: Infertility affects \\~20% of the couples in the world. Assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) are currently the most common treatment option for infertility. Nevertheless, ARTs may be associated with complications for mothers and/or offspring. Natural procreative technology (NaProTechnology) is a natural treatment which minimizes these risks by seeking to identify the causes of infertility to enable better treatments. This narrative review summarizes the complications related to ARTs and clarifies how the NaProTechnology approach can help ARTs to achieve better results or be used in alternative to ARTs.\n\nMETHODS: Data in the literature indicate that NaProTechnology is a natural approach for treating infertility.\n\nRESULTS: The percentage of live births obtained by NaProTechnology is similar to that of ARTs.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: An extensive search for the genetic defects causing infertility or subfertility through genetic testing can help both ARTs and NaProTechnology to achieve successful pregnancies. By discovering the underlying causes of infertility, genetic tests enable better family counseling, like the implications of transmitting risk- and disease-alleles to future generations.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"91","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"13-S","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta Bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis"}}},"pageStart":"e2020018","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.23750/abm.v91i13-S.10525","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101556207"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.23750/abm.v91i13-S.10525"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33170179"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q101556207"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-male-infertility-and-malespecific-malignancies-systematic-re-g7xbperl/","name":"Association between male infertility and male-specific malignancies: systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based retrospective cohort studies","headline":"Association between male infertility and male-specific malignancies: systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based retrospective cohort studies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-male-infertility-and-malespecific-malignancies-systematic-re-g7xbperl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Del Giudice F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kasman AM","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0523-8176"},{"@type":"Person","name":"De Berardinis E","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1498-2810"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Busetto GM","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7291-0316"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Belladelli F","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2165-659X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eisenberg ML","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5482-0141"}],"datePublished":"2020-11-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To investigate the current evidence that correlates impaired male fertility with the risk of developing male-related malignancies.\n\nDESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based retrospective cohort studies.\n\nSETTING: Not applicable.\n\nPATIENT(S): Men diagnosed with impaired fertility status and subsequently observed to determine incidence risk in developing testicular cancer (TCa) or prostate cancer (PCa).\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Not applicable.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Pooled risk ratio (RR) differences among male factor infertility subjects compared with a fertile control population, and meta-regression analysis according to age at baseline, mean follow-up, range of study time, and year of publication.\n\nRESULT(S): Six studies met the inclusion criteria and were critically examined. Four studies examined male infertility and TCa (n = 161,634; 174 TCa cases), and four examined infertility in relation to PCa (n = 183,950 men; 377 PCa cases) from 1963 to 2014. The pooled RR was 2.033 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.66-2.48); heterogeneity: Q = 3.04 (degree of freedom [df] = 3); I2 = 1.55% for TCa and 1.68 (95% CI, 1.17-2.4); Q = 23.3(df = 3); I2 = 87.1% for PCa.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Male infertility was associated with a subsequent risk of both TCa and PCa. Although the clinical significance of these findings remains uncertain, future studies should evaluate the underlying mechanisms to determine whether testis and prostate screening practices should be altered in men with male infertility.\n\nCLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: PROSPERO 167277.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"114","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"984","pageEnd":"996","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2020.04.042","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q97690644"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2020.04.042"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32709378"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q97690644"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/state-of-the-fertility-sector-20192020-recpvdkovjtjgm9np/","name":"State of the Fertility Sector 2019/2020","headline":"State of the Fertility Sector 2019/2020","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/state-of-the-fertility-sector-20192020-recpvdkovjtjgm9np/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority"}],"datePublished":"2020-11-01","abstract":"# State of the fertility sector 2019/2020\n**Annual publication on our regulatory work**\nPublished: November 2020\n[**Download the underlying data set as.xlsx (47KB)**](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/media/3289/state-of-the-sector-2019-20-underlying-data.xlsx)\n* * *\n### About this report\nWe are the independent regulator of fertility treatment and human embryo research in the United Kingdom (UK). We aim to ensure that everyone who steps into a fertility clinic, and everyone born as a result of treatment, receives high quality care. We do this by licensing, monitoring and inspecting fertility clinics and providing free, clear and impartial information about fertility treatment, clinics, and egg, sperm and embryo donation.\nState of the Sector is our annual report, which summarises what we have seen through our regulatory work during the year. The report is compiled from information gathered from our inspections throughout the year and uses other sources of information including our Register of fertility treatments, incident reports and patient feedback mechanisms.\nIn 2019/20, we introduced a [**Clinical Governance Quarterly Update**](https://portal.hfea.gov.uk/knowledge-base/clinic-focus/) which provides clinics with detailed insight into non-compliances in a more timely manner to help clinics improve compliance and prepare for inspections. As a result, the State of the Sector report this year provides a high-level overview of sector-wide compliance, reporting on the absolute number of inspections, non-compliances, incidents and complaints.\n* * *\n### Impact of COVID-19 on the fertility sector\nThis report looks at the financial year 2019/20 (1 April 2019 – 31 March 2020), predominantly covering the period before any COVID-19 restrictions were put in place. As COVID-19 caused unprecedented demand on the NHS during the initial wave of the pandemic, the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA) made the difficult decision to publish [**General Direction 0014**](https://po...","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/restorative-reproductive-medicine-for-infertility-and-recurrent-miscarriage-in-t-0016c5f1/","name":"Restorative reproductive medicine for infertility and recurrent miscarriage in the outpatient gynaecological practice in Ukraine","headline":"Restorative reproductive medicine for infertility and recurrent miscarriage in the outpatient gynaecological practice in Ukraine","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/restorative-reproductive-medicine-for-infertility-and-recurrent-miscarriage-in-t-0016c5f1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Zoreslava Horodenchuk"},{"@type":"Person","name":"O.V. Furman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6874-3271","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bcjfh39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Halyna Datsko"}],"datePublished":"2020-10-29","abstract":"Objective: To assess the outcomes of treatment the couples with infertility or recurrent miscarriage with restorative reproductive approach and to identify predictors of success.\n\nMethods: It was a retrospective study of 282 married couples, who were included in the program in 2 outpatient gynaecological centers in May 2010 - December 2014. The couples were observed to the end of pregnancy (or pregnancies) or withdrawal from the program. All the couples were taught to track the cycle with the Creighton Model FertilityCare System or the sympto-thermal method, and almost all received additional medical treatment. The main outcome was live birth, the secondary outcomes included conceptions, unsuccessful pregnancies, low birth weight and prematurity.\n\nResults: In life-table analysis, the adjusted cumulative proportion of first conceptions for those completing up to 24 months of NPT treatment was 77.7% (crude proportion 47.9%). The adjusted cumulative proportion of live births was 73.6% (117 births, crude proportion 41.5%). Mean time to achieving pregnancy was 8 months. All the births except one were singleton. There were only 3 preterm births. The favorable predictors of live birth were younger age, shorter time of trying for baby, good compliance, pregnancy in history. The unfavorable were hyperprolactinemia, uterine fibroids, endometriosis, male factor.\n\nConclusion: The outcomes of restorative reproductive treatment the couples with infertility or recurrent miscarriage in Ukraine were comparable to those in Ireland and Canada.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v43i3.333","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.34766/fetr.v43i3.333"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sperm-dna-fragmentation-testing-summary-evidence-and-clinical-practice-recommend-reczvu46bhgcthjod/","name":"Sperm DNA fragmentation testing: Summary evidence and clinical practice  recommendations","headline":"Sperm DNA fragmentation testing: Summary evidence and clinical practice  recommendations","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sperm-dna-fragmentation-testing-summary-evidence-and-clinical-practice-recommend-reczvu46bhgcthjod/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert Matthew Coward","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7698-1912","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sandro C Esteves","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1313-9680","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04wffgt70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Donald P Evenson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5361-8299","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"South Dakota State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/015jmes13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jaime Gosálvez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3624-4261","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad Autónoma de Madrid","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cby8j38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peter Humaidan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6884-5366","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aarhus University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01aj84f44"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sheena E M Lewis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5665-1572","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University Belfast","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hswnk62"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rakesh Sharma","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4973-7041","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cleveland Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xjacd83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Armand Zini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2194-5578","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Mary's Hospital Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03s3dhf22"}}],"datePublished":"2020-10-28","abstract":"We herein summarise the evidence concerning the impact of sperm DNA fragmentation in various clinical infertility scenarios and the advances on sperm DNA fragmentation tests. The collected evidence was used to formulate 41 recommendations. Of these, 13 recommendations concern technical aspects of sperm DNA fragmentation testing, including pre-analytical information, clinical thresholds and interpretation of results. The remaining 28 recommendations relate to indications for sperm DNA fragmentation testing and clinical management. Clinical scenarios like varicocele, unexplained infertility, idiopathic infertility, recurrent pregnancy loss, intrauterine insemination, in vitro fertilisation/intracytoplasmic sperm injection, fertility counselling for men with infertility risk factors and sperm cryopreservation have been contemplated. The bulk evidence supporting the recommendations has increased in recent years, but it is still of moderate to low quality. This guideline provides clinicians with advice on best practices in sperm DNA fragmentation testing. Also, recommendations are provided on possible management strategies to overcome infertility related to sperm DNA fragmentation, based on the best available evidence. Lastly, we identified gaps in knowledge and opportunities for research and elaborated a list of recommendations to stimulate further investigation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"53","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Andrologia"}}},"pageStart":"e13874","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/and.13874","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101240639"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/and.13874"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33108829"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q101240639"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/current-use-of-combined-hormonal-contraception-is-associated-with-glucose-metabo-recfwy4kb9xrwwzpg/","name":"Current use of combined hormonal contraception is associated with glucose  metabolism disorders in perimenopausal women","headline":"Current use of combined hormonal contraception is associated with glucose  metabolism disorders in perimenopausal women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/current-use-of-combined-hormonal-contraception-is-associated-with-glucose-metabo-recfwy4kb9xrwwzpg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria-Elina Mosorin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4723-080X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oulu University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045ney286"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mosorin ME"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Annina Haverinen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5213-9747","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Helsinki","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040af2s02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Meri-Maija Ollila","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6794-0369","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oulu University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045ney286"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tanja Nordström","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1170-9125","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oulu University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045ney286"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jari Jokelainen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4629-0560","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oulu University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045ney286"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sirkka Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sirkka Keinänen‐Kiukaanniemi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1218-6925","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oulu","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Juha Auvinen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2067-4056","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oulu University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045ney286"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Terhi Piltonen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9921-7300","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oulu University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045ney286"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laure Morin‐Papunen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5987-7534","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oulu University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045ney286"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laure Morin-Papunen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2935-8332","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oulu University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Ostrobothnia, 90220 Oulu, Finland"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Katri Puukka","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oulu","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aimo Ruokonen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oulu University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045ney286"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Juha Tapanainen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3139-9128","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040af2s02"}}],"datePublished":"2020-10-27","abstract":"Objective: The use of combined hormonal contraceptives (CHCs) worsens glucose tolerance, but the risk for glucose metabolism disorders remains controversial.\nDesign: The study is a prospective longitudinal population-based cohort study.\n\nMethods: The study was based on a cohort population that comprised 1879 women born in 1966. At age 46, the women answered a questionnaire on contraceptive use and underwent an oral glucose tolerance test. Glucose metabolism indices were evaluated in current CHC (n = 153), progestin-only contraceptive (POC, n = 842), and non-hormonal contraceptive users (n = 884).\n\nResults: In the entire study population, current CHC use was significantly associated with prediabetes (OR: 2.0, 95% CI: 1.3-3.2) and type 2 diabetes (OR: 3.3, 95% CI: 1.1-9.7) compared to non-hormonal contraceptive use. After 5 years of use, the prediabetes risk increased 2.2-fold (95% CI: 1.3-3.7) and type 2 diabetes risk increased 4.5-fold (95% CI: 1.5-13.5). Compared with the current POC use, current CHC use was significantly associated with prediabetes (OR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.2-3.0). Current POC use was not associated with any glucose metabolism disorders. The results prevailed after adjusting for BMI and socioeconomic status.\n\nConclusions: CHC use in perimenopausal women was associated with a significantly increased risk of glucose metabolism disorders. This association should be considered in women with increased metabolic risk.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"183","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European Journal of Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"619","pageEnd":"626","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1530/EJE-20-0406","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101232952"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1530/EJE-20-0406"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33105101"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q101232952"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effects-of-hormonal-contraceptives-on-the-brain-a-systematic-review-of-neuro-kuilhdfd/","name":"The Effects of Hormonal Contraceptives on the Brain: A Systematic Review of Neuroimaging Studies","headline":"The Effects of Hormonal Contraceptives on the Brain: A Systematic Review of Neuroimaging Studies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effects-of-hormonal-contraceptives-on-the-brain-a-systematic-review-of-neuro-kuilhdfd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bronnick MK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Okland I","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0150-4919"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Graugaard C","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-3637"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bronnick KK","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9156-1633"}],"datePublished":"2020-10-27","abstract":"Background: Hormonal contraceptive drugs are being used by adult and adolescent women all over the world. Convergent evidence from animal research indicates that contraceptive substances can alter both structure and function of the brain, yet such effects are not part of the public discourse or clinical decision-making concerning these drugs. We thus conducted a systematic review of the neuroimaging literature to assess the current evidence of hormonal contraceptive influence on the human brain. Methods: The review was registered in PROSPERO and conducted in accordance with the PRISMA criteria for systematic reviews. Structural and functional neuroimaging studies concerning the use of hormonal contraceptives, indexed in Embase, PubMed and/or PsycINFO until February 2020 were included, following a comprehensive and systematic search based on predetermined selection criteria. Results: A total of 33 articles met the inclusion criteria. Ten of these were structural studies, while 23 were functional investigations. Only one study investigated effects on an adolescent sample. The quality of the articles varied as many had methodological challenges as well as partially unfounded theoretical claims. However, most of the included neuroimaging studies found functional and/or structural brain changes associated with the use of hormonal contraceptives. Conclusion: The included studies identified structural and functional changes in areas involved in affective and cognitive processing, such as the amygdala, hippocampus, prefrontal cortex and cingulate gyrus. However, only one study reported primary research on a purely adolescent sample. Thus, there is a need for further investigation of the implications of these findings, especially with regard to adolescent girls.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Psychology"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.556577","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102325799"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fpsyg.2020.556577"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33224053"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q102325799"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptive-use-and-risk-of-suicidal-behavior-among-young-women-rec3wbgypwf8bjhrc/","name":"Oral contraceptive use and risk of suicidal behavior among young women","headline":"Oral contraceptive use and risk of suicidal behavior among young women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptive-use-and-risk-of-suicidal-behavior-among-young-women-rec3wbgypwf8bjhrc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sara Larsson Lönn","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5940-7903","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Lund University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012a77v79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Casey Crump","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2990-1166","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04a9tmd77"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eve K. Mościcki","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8235-2621"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexis C Edwards","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4006-9710","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Virginia Commonwealth University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02nkdxk79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kenneth S Kendler","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8689-6570","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Virginia Commonwealth University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02nkdxk79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jan Sundquist","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7228-5015","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Lund University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012a77v79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kristina Sundquist","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8031-279X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Lund University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012a77v79"}}],"datePublished":"2020-10-22","abstract":"Background: Oral contraceptive use has been previously associated with an increased risk of suicidal behavior in some, but not all, samples. The use of large, representative, longitudinally-assessed samples may clarify the nature of this potential association.\n\nMethods: We used Swedish national registries to identify women born between 1991 and 1995 (N = 216 702) and determine whether they retrieved prescriptions for oral contraceptives. We used Cox proportional hazards models to test the association between contraceptive use and first observed suicidal event (suicide attempt or death) from age 15 until the end of follow-up in 2014 (maximum age 22.4). We adjusted for covariates, including mental illness and parental history of suicide.\n\nResults: In a crude model, use of combination or progestin-only oral contraceptives was positively associated with suicidal behavior, with hazard ratios (HRs) of 1.73-2.78 after 1 month of use, and 1.25-1.82 after 1 year of use. Accounting for sociodemographic, parental, and psychiatric variables attenuated these associations, and risks declined with increasing duration of use: adjusted HRs ranged from 1.56 to 2.13 1 month beyond the initiation of use, and from 1.19 to 1.48 1 year after initiation of use. HRs were higher among women who ceased use during the observation period.\n\nConclusions: Young women using oral contraceptives may be at increased risk of suicidal behavior, but risk declines with increased duration of use. Analysis of former users suggests that women susceptible to depression/anxiety are more likely to cease hormonal contraceptive use. Additional studies are necessary to determine whether the observed association is attributable to a causal mechanism.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"52","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Psychological Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"1710","pageEnd":"1717","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291720003475","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q100755293"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1017/S0033291720003475"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33084550"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q100755293"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/meeting-womens-requests-for-intrauterine-device-and-contraceptive-implant-discon-rec1b4l9ozafn7x4n/","name":"Meeting Women's Requests for Intrauterine Device and Contraceptive Implant  Discontinuation: An Exploratory Survey of Physicians","headline":"Meeting Women's Requests for Intrauterine Device and Contraceptive Implant  Discontinuation: An Exploratory Survey of Physicians","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/meeting-womens-requests-for-intrauterine-device-and-contraceptive-implant-discon-rec1b4l9ozafn7x4n/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kasey Kajiwara","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics Gynecology & Women's Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, HI (BK, ZK, KK, RS)."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bliss Kaneshiro","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics Gynecology & Women's Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, HI (BK, ZK, KK, RS)."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"ZoeAnn Kon","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics Gynecology & Women's Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, HI (BK, ZK, KK, RS)."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Reni Soon","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics Gynecology & Women's Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, HI (BK, ZK, KK, RS)."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Tschann","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics Gynecology & Women's Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, HI (BK, ZK, KK, RS)."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amanda Williams","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4966-3836","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"School of Education, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom (AM)."}}],"datePublished":"2020-10-14","abstract":"Long acting reversible contraceptives (LARC), including intrauterine devices (IUDs) and contraceptive implants, can support an individual in meeting their reproductive goals by allowing them to prevent pregnancy effectively. These devices can also limit an individual's control over reproduction because they generally require an in-person visit to a health care provider for removal. Returning for another visit may be logistically challenging for many individuals who may need to arrange for transportation, childcare, or take time off from work. Effectively negotiating with a provider to request removal may be additionally challenging for medically underserved and disenfranchised people who may not feel empowered to do so. The objective of this study was to assess providers' willingness to honor patients' requests for IUD and contraceptive implant removal on the day of the request. A survey was conducted in which clinicians were presented with scenarios of women requesting IUD or implant removal. Clinicians were asked what they were most likely to do. A total of 105 clinicians were surveyed. The responses of 60 clinicians who inserted IUDs and 57 who provided the contraceptive implant were included in the analysis. When asked about same-day removal of an IUD or implant from a dissatisfied patient who requested removal, 40% stated they would remove the implant, and 57% stated they would remove the IUD on the day of the request. Findings from this study suggest many clinicians would be unwilling or unable to accommodate a patient's request for device removal at the time of their visit. This delay or refusal represents a significant barrier for patients and has implications for reproductive autonomy that should be further explored.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"79","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Hawai'i Journal of Health & Social Welfare"}}},"pageStart":"296","pageEnd":"301","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q100526684","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33047103"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q100526684"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/supplementation-of-dehydroepiandrosterone-dhea-in-pre--and-postmenopausal-women--rec1tpybgamrusg2u/","name":"Supplementation of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) in pre- and postmenopausal women  - position statement of expert panel of Polish Menopause and Andropause Society","headline":"Supplementation of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) in pre- and postmenopausal women  - position statement of expert panel of Polish Menopause and Andropause Society","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/supplementation-of-dehydroepiandrosterone-dhea-in-pre--and-postmenopausal-women--rec1tpybgamrusg2u/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Maksym R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wojciech Zgliczyński","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7283-4755","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03jgmfc14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Malgorzata Binkowska","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1104-4426","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Gynecological Oncology and Obstetrics, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03jgmfc14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Katarzyna Jankowska","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1437-050X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03jgmfc14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Radosław B Maksym","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2584-6734","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03jgmfc14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lucyna Papierska","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8390-7545","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03jgmfc14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michał Rabijewski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2049-7427","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03jgmfc14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wioletta Skrzypulec-Plinta","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6205-4627","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical University of Silesia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/005k7hp45"}}],"datePublished":"2020-10-09","abstract":"Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) concentration decreases with age, therefore, DHEA has been considered a hormone that reduces the symptoms associated with aging, so the usefulness of DHEA in premenopausal and postmenopausal women, and the options of hormone therapy have received a large amount of attention. The effectiveness of DHEA in the premenopausal women remains unclear, while in postmenopausal women with coexisting estrogens deficiency is controversial. Despite many years of study, the use of DHEA is still controversial, especially regarding its effectiveness. The aim of present article was to evaluate DHEA specific effects on metabolic parameters, bone mineral density, insulin resistance as well as the therapeutic potential of DHEA in preand postmenopausal women using measures of sexual activity, cognition and well-being. The summary of this article is the position statement of expert group of the Polish Menopause and Andropause Society regarding the efficacy and safety of DHEA supplementation in women. We concluded, that currently available clinical trials and meta-analyses indicate that DHEA supplementation is effective in women with adrenal insufficiency and chronically treated with exogenous glucocorticoids, postmenopausal women with low bone mineral density and/or osteoporosis, premenopausal women with sexual disorders and low libido, and in women with vulvovaginal atrophy due to menopause or genitourinary syndrome of menopause. Currently available clinical trials also suggest that DHEA supplementation is probably effective in postmenopausal women with hypoactive sexual disorders, infertile women with diminished ovarian reserve, women suffering from depression and anxiety, and women with obesity and insulin resistance. No serious adverse effects have been reported.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"91","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Ginekologia Polska"}}},"pageStart":"554","pageEnd":"562","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.5603/GP.2020.0091","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q100497529"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.5603/GP.2020.0091"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33030737"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q100497529"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-case-for-standardizing-cesarean-delivery-technique-seeing-the-forest-for-the-recnsppqceza877eu/","name":"The Case for Standardizing Cesarean Delivery Technique: Seeing the Forest for the  Trees","headline":"The Case for Standardizing Cesarean Delivery Technique: Seeing the Forest for the  Trees","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-case-for-standardizing-cesarean-delivery-technique-seeing-the-forest-for-the-recnsppqceza877eu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hector Mendez‐Figueroa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9510-1706","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Island Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ptddh35"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindsay Maggio","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6819-4222","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Island Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ptddh35"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jeffrey D Sperling","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4523-5009","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Island Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ptddh35"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Suneet P Chauhan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1093-4416","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Island Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ptddh35"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dwight J Rouse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9336-9688","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008s83205"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joshua D Dahlke","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Island Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ptddh35"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hector Mendez-Figueroa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1337-3968","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Foscal Hospital"}}],"datePublished":"2020-10-09","abstract":"In this Commentary, we explain the case for a standardized cesarean delivery surgical technique. There are three strong arguments for a standardized approach to cesarean delivery, the most common major abdominal surgery performed in the world. First, standardization within institutions improves safety, efficiency, and effectiveness in health care delivery. Second, surgical training among obstetrics and gynecology residents would become more consistent across hospitals and regions, and proficiency in performing cesarean delivery measurable. Finally, standardization would strengthen future trials of cesarean delivery technique by minimizing the potential for aspects of the surgery which are not being studied to bias results. Before 2013, more than 155 randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses or systematic reviews were published comparing various aspects of cesarean delivery surgical technique. Since 2013, an additional 216 similar studies have strengthened those recommendations and offered evidence to recommend additional cesarean delivery techniques. However, this amount of cesarean delivery technique data creates a forest for the trees problem, making it difficult for a clinician to synthesize this volume of data. In response to this difficulty, we propose a comprehensive, evidence-based and standardized approach to cesarean delivery technique.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"136","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"972","pageEnd":"980","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0000000000004120","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q100498000"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/AOG.0000000000004120"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33030865"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q100498000"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/conception-rates-after-fluoroscopyguided-fallopian-tubal-cannulation-an-alternat-au2bva41/","name":"Conception rates after fluoroscopy-guided fallopian tubal cannulation: an alternative to in vitro fertilization for patients with tubal occlusion","headline":"Conception rates after fluoroscopy-guided fallopian tubal cannulation: an alternative to in vitro fertilization for patients with tubal occlusion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/conception-rates-after-fluoroscopyguided-fallopian-tubal-cannulation-an-alternat-au2bva41/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Wang JW","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5378-365X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rustia GM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wood-Molo M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tasse J","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7175-9936"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tabriz D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Turba UC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arslan B","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2254-7109"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Madassery S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4492-0058"}],"datePublished":"2020-10-08","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: Previous studies show good technical success rates for fallopian tube recanalization. Scarce literature exists regarding advance techniques currently used by interventional radiologists during fallopian tube recanalization procedures. This study investigates the level of intervention and tubal patency and its association with technical success and associated pregnancy outcomes.\n\nMETHODS: We retrospectively evaluated fallopian tube recanalization procedures performed at a single center in a 24-year period. A total of 160 couples undergoing a basic infertility evaluation were included. Hysterosalpingography with high pressure contrast injection followed by selective contrast, guidewire catheterization at the tubal ostium, and/or microcatheter/microwire recanalization were performed. Comparisons of the tubal fertilization rate by relevant characteristics were tested for statistical significance with t tests for continuous data or with Pearson chi-square tests for categorical data.\n\nRESULTS: Technical success rate was 94% (319 of 341 tubes). High pressure contrast injection alone (184 of 341, 54%), selective catheterization (40%), and microcatheter/microwire (6%) interventions yielded technical success rates of 98%, 90%, and 73%, respectively. The overall rate of conception was 35% (17 of 48).\n\nCONCLUSION: Current techniques of fallopian tube recanalization offer a desirable and safe option with high technical success for patients seeking treatment for infertility due to proximal fallopian tube obstruction.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Therapeutic Advances in Reproductive Health"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/2633494120954248","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q100995133"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/2633494120954248"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33103116"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q100995133"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-the-reproductive-health-of-young-women-and-cardiovascular-di-wn1hprsd/","name":"Association between the reproductive health of young women and cardiovascular disease in later life: umbrella review","headline":"Association between the reproductive health of young women and cardiovascular disease in later life: umbrella review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-the-reproductive-health-of-young-women-and-cardiovascular-di-wn1hprsd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Okoth K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joht Singh Chandan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9561-5141","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03angcq70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marshall T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shakila Thangaratinam","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4254-460X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen Mary University of London","sameAs":"https://ror.org/026zzn846"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas GN"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nirantharakumar K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Adderley NJ"}],"datePublished":"2020-10-07","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To consolidate evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses investigating the association between reproductive factors in women of reproductive age and their subsequent risk of cardiovascular disease.\n\nDESIGN: Umbrella review.\n\nDATA SOURCES: Medline, Embase, and Cochrane databases for systematic reviews and meta-analyses from inception until 31 August 2019.\n\nREVIEW METHODS: Two independent reviewers undertook screening, data extraction, and quality appraisal. The population was women of reproductive age. Exposures were fertility related factors and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Outcome was cardiovascular diseases in women, including ischaemic heart disease, heart failure, peripheral arterial disease, and stroke.\n\nRESULTS: 32 reviews were included, evaluating multiple risk factors over an average follow-up period of 7-10 years. All except three reviews were of moderate quality. A narrative evidence synthesis with forest plots and tabular presentations was performed. Associations for composite cardiovascular disease were: twofold for pre-eclampsia, stillbirth, and preterm birth; 1.5-1.9-fold for gestational hypertension, placental abruption, gestational diabetes, and premature ovarian insufficiency; and less than 1.5-fold for early menarche, polycystic ovary syndrome, ever parity, and early menopause. A longer length of breastfeeding was associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease. The associations for ischaemic heart disease were twofold or greater for pre-eclampsia, recurrent pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes, and preterm birth; 1.5-1.9-fold for current use of combined oral contraceptives (oestrogen and progesterone), recurrent miscarriage, premature ovarian insufficiency, and early menopause; and less than 1.5-fold for miscarriage, polycystic ovary syndrome, and menopausal symptoms. For stroke outcomes, the associations were twofold or more for current use of any oral contraceptive (combined oral contraceptives or progesterone only pill), pre-eclampsia, and recurrent pre-eclampsia; 1.5-1.9-fold for current use of combined oral contraceptives, gestational diabetes, and preterm birth; and less than 1.5-fold for polycystic ovary syndrome. The association for heart failure was fourfold for pre-eclampsia. No association was found between cardiovascular disease outcomes and current use of progesterone only contraceptives, use of non-oral hormonal contraceptive agents, or fertility treatment.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: From menarche to menopause, reproductive factors were associated with cardiovascular disease in women. In this review, presenting absolute numbers on the scale of the problem was not feasible; however, if these associations are causal, they could account for a large proportion of unexplained risk of cardiovascular disease in women, and the risk might be modifiable. Identifying reproductive risk factors at an early stage in the life of women might facilitate the initiation of strategies to modify potential risks. Policy makers should consider incorporating reproductive risk factors as part of the assessment of cardiovascular risk in clinical guidelines.\n\nSYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42019120076.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"371","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ (Clinical research ed.)"}},"pageStart":"m3502","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m3502","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q100490166"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj.m3502"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33028606"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q100490166"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/total-oxidizable-precursor-assay-in-the-determination-of-perfluoroalkyl-acids-in-ivrvh1lp/","name":"Total oxidizable precursor assay in the determination of perfluoroalkyl acids in textiles collected from the United States","headline":"Total oxidizable precursor assay in the determination of perfluoroalkyl acids in textiles collected from the United States","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/total-oxidizable-precursor-assay-in-the-determination-of-perfluoroalkyl-acids-in-ivrvh1lp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hang Zhu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8559-3356","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chongqing Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/017z00e58"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kurunthachalam Kannan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1926-7456","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"New York State Department of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04hf5kq57"}}],"datePublished":"2020-10-01","abstract":"Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are used in specialty/functional textiles to impart oil, water, and stain repellency. Little is known, however, with regard to the occurrence of PFASs in textiles including infant clothing. In this study, 13 perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs), comprising four perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids (PFSAs; C4-C10) and nine perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs; C4-C12) were determined in 160 textile samples collected from the United States. Two extraction methods, one involving a simple solvent extraction (i.e., before oxidation) and the other with an oxidative treatment (i.e., after oxidation) of textile extracts, were used. The sum concentrations of 13 PFAAs (i.e., ∑PFAA) in textile extracts before oxidation ranged from 2 (2 (14.2 ng/g). ∑PFAA concentrations were the highest in flame retarded textiles (n = 23; mean: 13.3 μg/m2; 59.4 ng/g), followed by water repellent textiles (n = 56; 2.88 μg/m2; 12.9 ng/g) and infant clothes (n = 81; 0.521 μg/m2; 2.33 ng/g). C4-C10 PFCAs accounted for at least three-quarters of the ∑PFAA content in our textile samples. Textile extracts analyzed after oxidative treatment exhibited ∑PFAA concentrations 10-fold higher than those in extracts analyzed prior to oxidation, which suggested that PFAA precursors are used in textiles. Precursors that generated C4-C5 PFCAs, upon oxidation, were more prevalent than those that yielded PFOA. The calculated dermal exposure doses in infants of PFAAs present in clothes were at least 1-2 orders of magnitude below the reference doses proposed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency. This is the first time that the oxidative treatment was applied in the analysis of PFASs in textiles, and our results suggest the existence of PFCA precursors in textiles.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"265","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environmental Pollution"}},"pageStart":"114940","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114940","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96428435"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114940"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q96428435"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effects-of-menstrual-cycle-phase-on-exercise-performance-in-eumenorrheic-wom-ouqt6anh/","name":"The Effects of Menstrual Cycle Phase on Exercise Performance in Eumenorrheic Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","headline":"The Effects of Menstrual Cycle Phase on Exercise Performance in Eumenorrheic Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effects-of-menstrual-cycle-phase-on-exercise-performance-in-eumenorrheic-wom-ouqt6anh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"McNulty KL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elliott-Sale KJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dolan E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Swinton PA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ansdell P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Goodall S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Katherine K. Thomas","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7024-468X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Clinical Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ddkvp86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hicks KM"}],"datePublished":"2020-10-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Concentrations of endogenous sex hormones fluctuate across the menstrual cycle (MC), which could have implications for exercise performance in women. At present, data are conflicting, with no consensus on whether exercise performance is affected by MC phase.\n\nOBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of the MC on exercise performance and provide evidence-based, practical, performance recommendations to eumenorrheic women.\n\nMETHODS: This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Four databases were searched for published experimental studies that investigated the effects of the MC on exercise performance, which included at least one outcome measure taken in two or more defined MC phases. All data were meta-analysed using multilevel models grounded in Bayesian principles. The initial meta-analysis pooled pairwise effect sizes comparing exercise performance during the early follicular phase with all other phases (late follicular, ovulation, early luteal, mid-luteal and late luteal) amalgamated. A more comprehensive analysis was then conducted, comparing exercise performance between all phases with direct and indirect pairwise effect sizes through a network meta-analysis. Results from the network meta-analysis were summarised by calculating the Surface Under the Cumulative Ranking curve (SUCRA). Study quality was assessed using a modified Downs and Black checklist and a strategy based on the recommendations of the Grading of Recommendations Assessment Development and Evaluation (GRADE) working group.\n\nRESULTS: Of the 78 included studies, data from 51 studies were eligible for inclusion in the initial pairwise meta-analysis. The three-level hierarchical model indicated a trivial effect for both endurance- and strength-based outcomes, with reduced exercise performance observed in the early follicular phase of the MC, based on the median pooled effect size (ES0.5 = - 0.06 [95% credible interval (CrI): - 0.16 to 0.04]). Seventy-three studies had enough data to be included in the network meta-analysis. The largest effect was identified between the early follicular and the late follicular phases of the MC (ES0.5 = - 0.14 [95% CrI: - 0.26 to - 0.03]). The lowest SUCRA value, which represents the likelihood that exercise performance is poor, or among the poorest, relative to other MC phases, was obtained for the early follicular phase (30%), with values for all other phases ranging between 53 and 55%. The quality of evidence for this review was classified as \"low\" (42%).\n\nCONCLUSION: The results from this systematic review and meta-analysis indicate that exercise performance might be trivially reduced during the early follicular phase of the MC, compared to all other phases. Due to the trivial effect size, the large between-study variation and the number of poor-quality studies included in this review, general guidelines on exercise performance across the MC cannot be formed; rather, it is recommended that a personalised approach should be taken based on each individual's response to exercise performance across the MC.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"50","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)"}}},"pageStart":"1813","pageEnd":"1827","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-020-01319-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q97536086"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s40279-020-01319-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32661839"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q97536086"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevalence-of-female-athlete-triad-risk-factors-and-iron-supplementation-among-h-h0g6jzf1/","name":"Prevalence of Female Athlete Triad Risk Factors and Iron Supplementation Among High School Distance Runners: Results From a Triad Risk Screening Tool","headline":"Prevalence of Female Athlete Triad Risk Factors and Iron Supplementation Among High School Distance Runners: Results From a Triad Risk Screening Tool","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevalence-of-female-athlete-triad-risk-factors-and-iron-supplementation-among-h-h0g6jzf1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Skorseth P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Segovia N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hastings K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elena Kraus","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8023-2877","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}}],"datePublished":"2020-10-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Investigations of the female athlete triad (Triad) in high school athletes have found that 36% had low energy availability, 54% had menstrual abnormalities, and 16% had low bone mineral density (BMD). Limited data are available showing the prevalence of these risk factors in high school distance runners or regarding best practice on screening for the Triad in the adolescent population.\n\nPURPOSE: To (1) evaluate the prevalence of Triad risk factors and iron supplementation in high school distance runners and (2) pilot a screening tool for Triad risk score.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: Descriptive epidemiology study.\n\nMETHODS: The study population included female high school athletes who participated in cross-country/track. Participants completed a survey including questions regarding dietary habits, menstrual history, and bone stress injury (BSI) history. They then underwent evaluation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, free triiodothyronine (T3), and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scan to measure body fat and BMD through use of age-, sex-, and ethnicity-matched Z scores. Triad scores were calculated. Relationships were analyzed using Spearman correlation coefficient.\n\nRESULTS: There were 38 study participants (mean age, 16.9 years). Average body mass index was 19.8 kg/m2. Disordered eating or eating disorders were reported in 76.3% of runners; in addition, 23.7% reported delayed menarche, 45.9% had a history of amenorrhea or oligomenorrhea, 42.1% had low BMD (Z score < -1.0), and 15.8% reported prior BSI. Low free T3 was significantly associated with higher Triad risk scores (r S = -0.36; P = .028). More than 42% of athletes were supplementing iron.\n\nCONCLUSION: The prevalence of Triad risk factors in high school distance runners was high. Free T3 was inversely associated with Triad score, which may serve as an indicator of low energy availability. Nearly half of the athletes were using iron supplementation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine"}}},"pageStart":"2325967120959725","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/2325967120959725","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q112599389"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/2325967120959725"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33195716"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q112599389"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nonhormonal-mediators-of-uterine-fibroid-growth-kijv1equ/","name":"Non-hormonal mediators of uterine fibroid growth","headline":"Non-hormonal mediators of uterine fibroid growth","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nonhormonal-mediators-of-uterine-fibroid-growth-kijv1equ/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Cetin E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Al-Hendy A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ciebiera M"}],"datePublished":"2020-10-01","abstract":"PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Uterine fibroids are the most common benign neoplasms of the female reproductive tract and one of the major public health concerns. Although most women with uterine fibroids are asymptomatic, over 30% of them will present with varying symptoms. This review focuses on the role of non-hormonal mediators and pathways in uterine fibroid biology. Furthermore, it provides data regarding the most recent findings in the field of compounds, which use those non-hormonal pathways in the medical therapy of uterine fibroids.\n\nRECENT FINDINGS: Complex signaling pathway alterations are crucial for uterine fibroid development. The topic of the pathophysiology of uterine fibroids focuses mostly on steroids and other hormones. However, other very important pathways exist, and some of them are independent of hormones. Some of the most important pathways, which are non-hormonal, but in some cases still hormone-depended, include growth factors, cytokines and inflammation, Smad proteins, wingless type/β-catenin and others.\n\nSUMMARY: Much more is known about hormonal than about non-hormonal signaling in uterine fibroids. Growth factors, early life exposure and inflammation are key factors in uterine fibroid biology. Numerous agents depend on those pathways and may find their place in the current and future therapy of uterine fibroids.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"361","pageEnd":"370","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/GCO.0000000000000650","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98187414"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/GCO.0000000000000650"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32739973"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q98187414"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-and-the-urinary-tract-from-diagnosis-to-surgical-treatment-2m27xdae/","name":"Endometriosis and the Urinary Tract: From Diagnosis to Surgical Treatment","headline":"Endometriosis and the Urinary Tract: From Diagnosis to Surgical Treatment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-and-the-urinary-tract-from-diagnosis-to-surgical-treatment-2m27xdae/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mathew Leonardi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5538-6906","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Espada M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kho RM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Magrina JF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Millischer AE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Savelli L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"George Condous","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2346-6850","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Sydney","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12"}}],"datePublished":"2020-09-30","abstract":"We aim to describe the diagnosis and surgical management of urinary tract endometriosis (UTE). We detail current diagnostic tools, including advanced transvaginal ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, and surgical diagnostic tools such as cystourethroscopy. While discussing surgical treatment options, we emphasize the importance of an interdisciplinary team for complex cases that involve the urinary tract. While bladder deep endometriosis (DE) is more straightforward in its surgical treatment, ureteral DE requires a high level of surgical skill. Specialists should be aware of the important entity of UTE, due to the serious health implications for women. When UTE exists, it is important to work within an interdisciplinary radiological and surgical team.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10100771","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/diagnostics10100771"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33007875"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstrual-cycle-regularity-and-length-across-the-reproductive-lifespan-and-risk--xun4tio8/","name":"Menstrual cycle regularity and length across the reproductive lifespan and risk of premature mortality: prospective cohort study","headline":"Menstrual cycle regularity and length across the reproductive lifespan and risk of premature mortality: prospective cohort study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstrual-cycle-regularity-and-length-across-the-reproductive-lifespan-and-risk--xun4tio8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Wang YX","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4324-2408"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arvizu M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1860-7276"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rich-Edwards JW","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5066-8808"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stuart JJ","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2718-8827"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Manson JE","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9426-7595"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stacey A Missmer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1768-7705","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Michigan State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pan A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1089-7945"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jorge E Chavarro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7790-8311","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}}],"datePublished":"2020-09-30","abstract":"AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate whether irregular or long menstrual cycles throughout the life course are associated with all cause and cause specific premature mortality (age <70 years).\n\nDesign: Prospective cohort study.\n\nSetting: Nurses’ Health Study II (1993-2017).Participants79 505 premenopausal women without a history of cardiovascular disease, cancer, or diabetes and who reported the usual length and regularity of their menstrual cycles at ages 14-17 years, 18-22 years, and 29-46 years.\n\nMain outcome measures: Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for all cause and cause specific premature mortality (death before age 70 years) were estimated from multivariable Cox proportional hazards models.\n\nResults: During 24 years of follow-up, 1975 premature deaths were documented, including 894 from cancer and 172 from cardiovascular disease. Women who reported always having irregular menstrual cycles experienced higher mortality rates during follow-up than women who reported very regular cycles in the same age ranges. The crude mortality rate per 1000 person years of follow-up for women reporting very regular cycles and women reporting always irregular cycles were 1.05 and 1.23 for cycle characteristics at ages 14-17 years, 1.00 and 1.37 for cycle characteristics at ages 18-22 years, and 1.00 and 1.68 for cycle characteristics at ages 29-46 years. The corresponding multivariable adjusted hazard ratios for premature death during follow-up were 1.18 (95% confidence interval 1.02 to 1.37), 1.37 (1.09 to 1.73), and 1.39 (1.14 to 1.70), respectively. Similarly, women who reported that their usual cycle length was 40 days or more at ages 18-22 years and 29-46 years were more likely to die prematurely than women who reported a usual cycle length of 26-31 days in the same age ranges (1.34, 1.06 to 1.69; and 1.40, 1.17 to 1.68, respectively). These relations were strongest for deaths related to cardiovascular disease. The higher mortality associated with long and irregular menstrual cycles was slightly stronger among current smokers.\n\nConclusions: Irregular and long menstrual cycles in adolescence and adulthood are associated with a greater risk of premature mortality (age <70 years). This relation is slightly stronger among women who smoke.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ"},"pageStart":"m3464","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m3464","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q100394327"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj.m3464"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q100394327"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sporadic-anovulation-is-not-an-important-determinant-of-becoming-pregnant-and-ti-recep05fwem1ggupz/","name":"Sporadic anovulation is not an important determinant of becoming pregnant and  time to pregnancy among eumenorrheic women: A simulation study","headline":"Sporadic anovulation is not an important determinant of becoming pregnant and  time to pregnancy among eumenorrheic women: A simulation study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sporadic-anovulation-is-not-an-important-determinant-of-becoming-pregnant-and-ti-recep05fwem1ggupz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Keewan Kim","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7171-3487","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jessica R Zolton","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9174-3122","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neil J Perkins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6802-4733","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elizabeth A DeVilbiss","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8840-0505","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindsey A Sjaarda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0539-8110","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2020-09-25","abstract":"Background: Attaining pregnancy is conditional upon a series of complex processes, including adequately timed intercourse, ovulation, fertilisation, and implantation. Anovulation is a first-line treatment target for couples with difficulty conceiving and is frequently examined in studies of fecundability.\n\nObjectives: To identify whether sporadic anovulation is an important determinant of cumulative pregnancy rates and time to pregnancy among fertile women with regular menstrual cycles.\n\nMethods: We simulated cumulative pregnancy rates and time to pregnancy for 12 consecutive menstrual cycles among 100 000 women based on data-driven probabilities of implantation, fertilisation, ovulation, and intercourse occurring in the fertile window. We assumed anovulation probabilities of 1%, 8%, or 14.5% and intercourse averaging once per week, every other day, or daily. The model incorporated reductions in implantation and fertilisation rates for successive cycles of non-pregnancy.\n\nResults: After 12 cycles, a reduction in the per cycle incidence of anovulation from 14.5% to 1% resulted in a 4.0% higher cumulative pregnancy rate (86.7% vs 90.7%) and similar time to pregnancy (1-cycle median difference). In contrast, increasing mean unscheduled sexual intercourse frequency from weekly to every other day was associated with a 5-cycle median reduction in time to pregnancy (weekly: 7 cycles; every other day or daily: 2 cycles) and a 28.9% increase in the cumulative pregnancy rate (weekly: 59.9%, every other day: 88.8%; daily: 91.6%).\n\nConclusions: In presumed fertile women with regular menstrual cycles, routine investigation of anovulation may not be an informative outcome in studies of fecundability, and routine testing to ensure ovulation and treatment of anovulation are unlikely to be medically necessary. While biomarkers or cervical fluid may help time intercourse to the fertile window, time to pregnancy can also be improved through increasing the frequency of unscheduled intercourse. These findings need corroboration in large preconception time to pregnancy studies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"35","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology"}}},"pageStart":"143","pageEnd":"152","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/ppe.12692","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q99706827"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/ppe.12692"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32970334"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q99706827"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/differences-in-fracture-prevalence-and-in-bone-mineral-density-between-chinese-a-rec0f7cemgj3e8s6p/","name":"Differences in fracture prevalence and in bone mineral density between Chinese and White Canadians: the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos)","headline":"Differences in fracture prevalence and in bone mineral density between Chinese and White Canadians: the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/differences-in-fracture-prevalence-and-in-bone-mineral-density-between-chinese-a-rec0f7cemgj3e8s6p/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudie Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5499-2661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W Liu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8745-5221","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Angela M Cheung","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8332-0744","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Medicine and Joint Department of Medical Imaging, Centre of Excellence in Skeletal Health Assessment, University Health NetworkUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Hanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S K Boyd","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2389-0942","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Alberta Bone and Joint Health Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02h4hqt24"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A K O Wong","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9930-3471","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Public Health Ontario","sameAs":"https://ror.org/025z8ah66"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandra Papaioannou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9412-0932","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Rahme","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4168-4993","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"for the CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S N Morin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2549-6826","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}}],"datePublished":"2020-09-21","abstract":"Fracture determinants differ between Canadians of Chinese and White descent, the former constituting the second largest visible minority group in Canada. The results of this study support the importance of characterizing bone health predictors in Canadians of different ethnicity to improve population-specific fracture prevention and treatment strategies.\nPurpose: We aimed to compare clinical risk factors, bone mineral density, prevalence of osteoporosis, and fractures between Chinese and White Canadians to identify ethnicity-specific risks.\n\nMethods: We studied 236 Chinese and 8945 White Canadians aged 25+ years from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos). The prevalence of osteoporosis using ethnicity-specific peak bone mass (PBM), and of prior and incident low trauma fractures were assessed and compared between groups. Linear regressions, adjusting for age and anthropometric measures, were used to examine the association between baseline and 5-year changes in BMD and ethnicity.\n\nResults: Chinese participants had shorter stature, lower BMI, and lower rate of falls than White participants. Adjusted models showed no significant differences in baseline BMD between ethnic groups except in younger men where total hip BMD was 0.059 g/cm2 (0.009; 0.108) lower in Chinese. Adjusted 5-year BMD change at lumbar spine was higher in older Chinese women and men compared with Whites. When using Chinese-specific PBM, the prevalence of osteoporosis in Chinese women was 2-fold lower than when using that of White women The prevalence of fractures was higher in White women compared with Chinese with differences up to 14.5% (95% CI 9.2; 19.7) and 10.5% (95% CI 4.5-16.4) in older White men. Incident fractures were rare in young Chinese compared with White participants and not different in the older groups.\n\nConclusion: Our results support the importance of characterizing bone strength predictors in Chinese Canadians and the development of ethnicity-specific fracture prediction and prevention strategies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Arch Osteoporos"}}},"pageStart":"147","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s11657-020-00822-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q99588427"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s11657-020-00822-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32955674"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q99588427"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-baby-friendly-hospital-initiative-bfhi-an-early-cross-sectional-analysis-of-prams-phase-8-data-on-hospital-practices-and-breastfeeding-outcomes-in-utah-and-wyoming-reclcyz5rxgwaqyj7/","name":"The Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI): An Early Cross-Sectional Analysis of PRAMS Phase 8 Data on Hospital Practices and Breastfeeding Outcomes in Utah and Wyoming","headline":"The Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI): An Early Cross-Sectional Analysis of PRAMS Phase 8 Data on Hospital Practices and Breastfeeding Outcomes in Utah and Wyoming","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-baby-friendly-hospital-initiative-bfhi-an-early-cross-sectional-analysis-of-prams-phase-8-data-on-hospital-practices-and-breastfeeding-outcomes-in-utah-and-wyoming-reclcyz5rxgwaqyj7/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jesse Bliss","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5486-6948","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nana A Mensah","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8380-0390","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Charles R Rogers","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3571-8229","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"James VanDerslice","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0008-6353","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2020-09-16","abstract":"Introduction: Breastfeeding has immediate and long-term benefits for both maternal and child health. This study examines the association between Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) experiences and breastfeeding outcomes in the Mountain West region.\n\nMethods: A cross-sectional (retrospective secondary data analysis) was performed using the 2016 Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) data. The participants were derived from a stratified random sample of 2,013 women living in Utah and Wyoming who recently had a live birth and who were surveyed on BFHI practices. The association between BFHI experiences and breastfeeding duration were assessed using crude and adjusted Poisson regression models, controlling for other BHFI experiences and maternal age, pre-pregnancy BMI, household income, smoking, alcohol, delivery method, and number of days spent in the hospital post delivery.\n\nResults: 82.4% and 82.3% of women from Utah and Wyoming, respectively, reported breastfeeding for 2 months or longer. After controlling for other BFHI experiences and potential confounders, the one shared BFHI experience that was associated with breastfeeding for 2 months or longer vs less than 2 months was starting breastfeeding in the hospital (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR]=1.49, 95% CI (1.12, 1.98) in Utah and aPR=2.03, 95% CI (1.13, 3.64) in Wyoming. Among women in Utah and Wyoming, only 5 of 7 BFHI steps were significant for breastfeeding duration in at least one state.\n\nConclusion: There is substantial epidemiological support for health benefits to both mother and infant for exclusive breastfeeding to 6 months and prolonged breastfeeding until at least 1-year. Our findings suggest that women who initiate breastfeeding in the hospital may be more likely to breastfeed for a longer duration.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2020","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Utah women's health review"}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.26054/0KMTC25CW0","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.26054/0KMTC25CW0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33954298"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-association-between-preconception-body-mass-index-and-subfertility-among-his-recwqm3nm0wf7ex8n/","name":"The association between preconception body mass index and subfertility among  Hispanic and non-Hispanic women: A cross-sectional study from Utah's Pregnancy  Risk Assessment Monitoring System survey (2012-2015)","headline":"The association between preconception body mass index and subfertility among  Hispanic and non-Hispanic women: A cross-sectional study from Utah's Pregnancy  Risk Assessment Monitoring System survey (2012-2015)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-association-between-preconception-body-mass-index-and-subfertility-among-his-recwqm3nm0wf7ex8n/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Pui Hing Chau","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0287-8020","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hong Kong Jockey Club","sameAs":"https://ror.org/015ygrv52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paul Yip","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1596-4120","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Hong Kong","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eric Ho Yin Lau","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6688-9637","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brian Y. T. Ip","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9511-3352","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duchess of Kent Children's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/006f92m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Frances Yik Wa Law","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hong Kong Jockey Club","sameAs":"https://ror.org/015ygrv52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rth Ho","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6173-621X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Hong Kong","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Angela Yee Man Leung","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9836-1925","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0030zas98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Janet Yuen Ha Wong","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3000-4577","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Hong Kong","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Woo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7593-3081","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rebekah H Ess","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Public Health, Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marci Harris","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5156-563X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Public Health, Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qingqing Hu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2365-8588","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Public Health, Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jihyun Lee","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3670-6489","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Public Health, Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/022arq532"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jeannette Nelson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8492-7046","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Public Health, Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Charles R Rogers","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3571-8229","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jessica N Sanders","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4487-1997","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"James VanDerslice","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0008-6353","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2020-09-12","abstract":"Objective: To investigate the association between pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and subfertility within a population-based cohort, exploring Hispanic ethnicity as a potential effect modifier.\n\nMethods: We used cross-sectional study data from the Utah Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System from 2012-2015. Relationships between maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and subfertility were evaluated via Poisson regression models with robust error variance, accounting for the stratified survey sampling. Preconception BMI was analyzed continuously and categorically. Women's subfertility was defined via self-report in two ways: 1) time trying to achieve pregnancy; and 2) report of using fertility-related drugs/medical procedures.\n\nResults: The median age was 27.0; 18.8% were obese, and 15.9% were Hispanic. Women with preconception obesity (BMI>30kg/m(2)), compared to normal weight women (18.4kg/ m(2)<BMI<25kg/m(2)) had a 1.85 (95% CI 1.43, 2.38) higher adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) for having subfertility defined by time trying and a 1.73 (95% CI 1.20, 2.32) higher aPR for receiving fertility-enhancing drugs/medical procedures. Continuous models indicated a linear relationship between BMI and subfertility (aPR 1.04, 95% CI 1.03, 1.06 for time trying; and 1.06, 95% CI 1.03, 1.10 for receiving fertility-enhancing drugs/medical procedures).\n\nConclusions: Obese women, but not underweight or overweight women, reported higher subfertility than normal-weight women. Findings among this cohort of at-risk new mothers, oversampled on low education and birth weight and comprised of higher than the national average of Hispanics, indicated a dose-response relationship between obesity and subfertility.\nImplications: Our findings highlight the importance of population-oriented obesity prevention for at-risk women with intentions to conceive.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2020","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Utah Women's Health Review"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103449","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/ijerph17103449"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32914149"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fecundability-in-relation-to-use-of-mobile-computing-apps-to-track-the-menstrual-recwizuu47gjpjusp/","name":"Fecundability in relation to use of mobile computing apps to track the menstrual cycle","headline":"Fecundability in relation to use of mobile computing apps to track the menstrual cycle","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fecundability-in-relation-to-use-of-mobile-computing-apps-to-track-the-menstrual-recwizuu47gjpjusp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sydney K Willis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6858-5450","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Boston University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elizabeth E Hatch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7901-3928","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology Boston University School of Public Health Boston MA USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kenneth J Rothman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2398-1705","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lauren A Wise","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2138-3752","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts and 2Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center at Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}}],"datePublished":"2020-09-11","abstract":"STUDY QUESTION: To what extent does the use of mobile computing apps to track the menstrual cycle and the fertile window influence fecundability among women trying to conceive?\n\nSUMMARY ANSWER: After adjusting for potential confounders, use of any of several different apps was associated with increased fecundability ranging from 12% to 20% per cycle of attempt.\n\nWHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Many women are using mobile computing apps to track their menstrual cycle and the fertile window, including while trying to conceive.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: The Pregnancy Study Online (PRESTO) is a North American prospective internet-based cohort of women who are aged 21-45 years, trying to conceive and not using contraception or fertility treatment at baseline.\n\nPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: We restricted the analysis to 8363 women trying to conceive for no more than 6 months at baseline; the women were recruited from June 2013 through May 2019. Women completed questionnaires at baseline and every 2 months for up to 1 year. The main outcome was fecundability, i.e. the per-cycle probability of conception, which we assessed using self-reported data on time to pregnancy (confirmed by positive home pregnancy test) in menstrual cycles. On the baseline and follow-up questionnaires, women reported whether they used mobile computing apps to track their menstrual cycles ('cycle apps') and, if so, which one(s). We estimated fecundability ratios (FRs) for the use of cycle apps, adjusted for female age, race/ethnicity, prior pregnancy, BMI, income, current smoking, education, partner education, caffeine intake, use of hormonal contraceptives as the last method of contraception, hours of sleep per night, cycle regularity, use of prenatal supplements, marital status, intercourse frequency and history of subfertility. We also examined the impact of concurrent use of fertility indicators: basal body temperature, cervical fluid, cervix position and/or urine LH.\n\nMAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: Among 8363 women, 6077 (72.7%) were using one or more cycle apps at baseline. A total of 122 separate apps were reported by women. We designated five of these apps before analysis as more likely to be effective (Clue, Fertility Friend, Glow, Kindara, Ovia; hereafter referred to as 'selected apps'). The use of any app at baseline was associated with 20% increased fecundability, with little difference between selected apps versus other apps (selected apps FR (95% CI): 1.20 (1.13, 1.28); all other apps 1.21 (1.13, 1.30)). In time-varying analyses, cycle app use was associated with 12-15% increased fecundability (selected apps FR (95% CI): 1.12 (1.04, 1.21); all other apps 1.15 (1.07, 1.24)). When apps were used at baseline with one or more fertility indicators, there was higher fecundability than without fertility indicators (selected apps with indicators FR (95% CI): 1.23 (1.14, 1.34) versus without indicators 1.17 (1.05, 1.30); other apps with indicators 1.30 (1.19, 1.43) versus without indicators 1.16 (1.06, 1.27)). In time-varying analyses, results were similar when stratified by time trying at study entry (<3 vs. 3-6 cycles) or cycle regularity. For use of the selected apps, we observed higher fecundability among women with a history of subfertility: FR 1.33 (1.05-1.67).\n\nLIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: Neither regularity nor intensity of app use was ascertained. The prospective time-varying assessment of app use was based on questionnaires completed every 2 months, which would not capture more frequent changes. Intercourse frequency was also reported retrospectively and we do not have data on timing of intercourse relative to the fertile window. Although we controlled for a wide range of covariates, we cannot exclude the possibility of residual confounding (e.g. choosing to use an app in this observational study may be a marker for unmeasured health habits promoting fecundability). Half of the women in the study received a free premium subscription for one of the apps (Fertility Friend), which may have increased the overall prevalence of app use in the time-varying analyses, but would not affect app use at baseline. Most women in the study were college educated, which may limit application of results to other populations.\n\nWIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: Use of a cycle app, especially in combination with observation of one or more fertility indicators (basal body temperature, cervical fluid, cervix position and/or urine LH), may increase fecundability (per-cycle pregnancy probability) by about 12-20% for couples trying to conceive. We did not find consistent evidence of improved fecundability resulting from use of one specific app over another.\n\nSTUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S): This research was supported by grants, R21HD072326 and R01HD086742, from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, USA. In the last 3 years, Dr L.A.W. has served as a fibroid consultant for AbbVie.com. Dr L.A.W. has also received in-kind donations from Sandstone Diagnostics, Swiss Precision Diagnostics, FertilityFriend.com and Kindara.com for primary data collection and participant incentives in the PRESTO cohort. Dr J.B.S. reports personal fees from Swiss Precision Diagnostics, outside the submitted work. The remaining authors have nothing to declare.\n\nTRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: N/A.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"35","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"2245","pageEnd":"2252","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deaa176","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q99343923"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/deaa176"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32910202"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q99343923"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/do-fertility-tracking-applications-offer-women-useful-information-about-their-fe-rechbdd1s576ynlqd/","name":"Do fertility tracking applications offer women useful information about their  fertile window?","headline":"Do fertility tracking applications offer women useful information about their  fertile window?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/do-fertility-tracking-applications-offer-women-useful-information-about-their-fe-rechbdd1s576ynlqd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Zeynep B. Gürtin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2375-3895","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"London Women's Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024en4403"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roshonara Ali","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9986-7565","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University College London","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joyce Harper","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7212-5005","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute for Reproductive Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00jt1e157"}}],"datePublished":"2020-09-11","abstract":"RESEARCH Question: To characterize mobile fertility tracking applications (apps) to determine the use of such apps for women trying to conceive by identifying the fertile window.\nDesign: An exploratory cross-sectional audit study was conducted of fertility tracking applications. Ninety out of a possible total 200 apps were included for full review. The main outcome measures were the underlying app method for predicting ovulation, the fertile window, or both, price to download and use the app, disclaimers and cautions, information and features provided and tracked, and app marketing strategies.\nResults: All the apps except one monitored the women's menstrual cycle dates. Most apps only tracked menstrual cycle dates (n = 49 [54.4%]). The remainder tracked at least one fertility-based awareness method (basal body temperature, cervical mucus, LH) (n = 41 [45.6%]). Twenty-five apps measured dates, basal body temperature, LH and cervical mucus (27.8%). Seventy-six per cent of apps were free to download with free apps having more desirable features, tracking more measures and having more and better quality educational insights than paid apps. Seventy per cent of apps were classified as feminine apps, 41% of which were pink in colour.\n\nConclusions: Mobile fertility tracking apps are heterogenous in their underlying methods of predicting fertile days, the price to obtain full app functionality, and in content and design. Unreliable calendar apps remain the most commonly available fertility apps on the market. The unregulated nature of fertility apps is a concern that could be addressed by app regulating bodies. The possible benefit of using fertility apps to reduce time to pregnancy needs to be evaluated.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"42","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproductive Biomedicine Online"}}},"pageStart":"S1472-6483(20)30509-5","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbmo.2020.09.005","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.rbmo.2020.09.005"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"34756400"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-widespread-environmental-footprint-of-indigo-denim-microfibers-from-blue-jea-34bnfelb/","name":"The Widespread Environmental Footprint of Indigo Denim Microfibers from Blue Jeans","headline":"The Widespread Environmental Footprint of Indigo Denim Microfibers from Blue Jeans","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-widespread-environmental-footprint-of-indigo-denim-microfibers-from-blue-jea-34bnfelb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Athey SN"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Adams JK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Erdle LM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jantunen LM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Helm PA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Finkelstein SA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Diamond ML"}],"datePublished":"2020-09-02","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environmental Science &amp; Technology Letters"}}},"pageStart":"840","pageEnd":"847","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.0c00498","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1021/acs.estlett.0c00498"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/folate-insufficiency-due-to-mthfr-deficiency-is-bypassed-by-5methyltetrahydrofol-nvcoumq8/","name":"Folate Insufficiency Due to MTHFR Deficiency Is Bypassed by 5-Methyltetrahydrofolate","headline":"Folate Insufficiency Due to MTHFR Deficiency Is Bypassed by 5-Methyltetrahydrofolate","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/folate-insufficiency-due-to-mthfr-deficiency-is-bypassed-by-5methyltetrahydrofol-nvcoumq8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Vidmar Golja M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Šmid A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karas Kuželički N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Trontelj J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Geršak K","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9088-2382"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mlinarič-Raščan I"}],"datePublished":"2020-09-02","abstract":"Adequate levels of folates are essential for homeostasis of the organism, prevention of congenital malformations, and the salvage of predisposed disease states. They depend on genetic predisposition, and therefore, a pharmacogenetic approach to individualized supplementation or therapeutic intervention is necessary for an optimal outcome. The role of folates in vital cell processes was investigated by translational pharmacogenetics employing lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs). Depriving cells of folates led to reversible S-phase arrest. Since 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is the key enzyme in the biosynthesis of an active folate form, we evaluated the relevance of polymorphisms in the MTHFR gene on intracellular levels of bioactive metabolite, the 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-Me-THF). LCLs (n = 35) were divided into low- and normal-MTHFR activity groups based on their genotype. They were cultured in the presence of folic acid (FA) or 5-Me-THF. Based on the cells' metabolic activity and intracellular 5-Me-THF levels, we conclude supplementation of FA is sufficient to maintain adequate folate level in the normal MTHFR activity group, while low MTHFR activity cells require 5-Me-THF to overcome the metabolic defects caused by polymorphisms in their MTHFR genes. This finding was supported by the determination of intracellular levels of 5-Me-THF in cell lysates by LC-MS/MS. FA supplementation resulted in a 2.5-fold increase in 5-Me-THF in cells with normal MTHFR activity, but there was no increase after FA supplementation in low MTHFR activity cells. However, when LCLs were exposed to 5-Me-THF, a 10-fold increase in intracellular levels of this metabolite was determined. These findings indicate that patients undergoing folate supplementation to counteract anti-folate therapies, or patients with increased folate demand, would benefit from pharmacogenetics-based therapy choices.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of clinical medicine"}}},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9092836","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98950938"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/jcm9092836"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32887268"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q98950938"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/investigating-the-role-of-infertility-in-endometriosis-risk-reczjgocrcyhzlan2/","name":"INVESTIGATING THE ROLE OF INFERTILITY IN ENDOMETRIOSIS RISK","headline":"INVESTIGATING THE ROLE OF INFERTILITY IN ENDOMETRIOSIS RISK","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/investigating-the-role-of-infertility-in-endometriosis-risk-reczjgocrcyhzlan2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathryn A. Peterson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1793-6027","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"OhioHealth","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012e9j548"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Eilbeck","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0831-6427","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alex Henrie","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A C Kiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3025-3853","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Matthew Peterson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4644-602X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2020-09-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"114","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"e206","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2020.08.585","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2020.08.585"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/validity-of-the-association-between-periodontitis-and-female-infertility-conditi-ggsoj2mm/","name":"Validity of the association between periodontitis and female infertility conditions: a concise review","headline":"Validity of the association between periodontitis and female infertility conditions: a concise review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/validity-of-the-association-between-periodontitis-and-female-infertility-conditi-ggsoj2mm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Machado V"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lopes J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrão M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Botelho J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Proença L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mendes JJ"}],"datePublished":"2020-09-01","abstract":"Hormones and inflammatory mechanisms are implicated with female reproductive function, including follicle maturation, ovulation, embryo implantation, and pregnancy. Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease due to a polymicrobial disruption of the homeostasis and may be considered as a potential risk factor that affect female fertility. The role of periodontitis is becoming meaningful, with significant associations with polycystic ovary syndrome, endometriosis and bacterial vaginosis. Further, periodontitis is linked with known risk factors towards female infertility, such as age, obesity, and chronic kidney disease. This review aims to summarize the available evidence on the association between periodontitis and female infertility-associated conditions, and to discuss warranting steps in future research.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"160","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproduction (Cambridge, England)"}}},"pageStart":"R41-R54","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1530/REP-20-0176","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q97890386"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1530/REP-20-0176"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32716008"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q97890386"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chronic-endometritis-and-reproductive-failure-role-of-syndecan1-aaqkehdu/","name":"Chronic endometritis and reproductive failure: Role of syndecan-1","headline":"Chronic endometritis and reproductive failure: Role of syndecan-1","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chronic-endometritis-and-reproductive-failure-role-of-syndecan1-aaqkehdu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yan-wen Xu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4201-3621","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/037p24858"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mei J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Diao L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yuhua Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3842-475X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fb35g87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Li Ding","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7982-4157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tianjin Medical University General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/003sav965"}}],"datePublished":"2020-09-01","abstract":"Chronic endometritis (CE) is an unusual inflammatory condition characterized by endometrial plasmacyte infiltration. It has a high prevalence in women with reproductive failure. Because of its characteristic localization patterns and molecular functions, syndecan-1 has been identified as a biomarker of plasmacyte, and syndecan-1 immunohistochemistry (IHC) becomes the most dependable diagnostic method for CE. In this review, we discuss the association between CE and reproductive failure, the clinicopathological characterization of CE, the function and expression of syndecan-1, the progress of syndecan-1 IHC in the diagnosis of CE, and the prediction of reproductive outcome.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"84","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989)"}}},"pageStart":"e13255","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/aji.13255","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q93202884"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/aji.13255"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32329146"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q93202884"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-role-of-laparoscopy-in-paediatric-and-adolescent-gynaecology-abuoe6o6/","name":"The role of laparoscopy in paediatric and adolescent gynaecology","headline":"The role of laparoscopy in paediatric and adolescent gynaecology","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-role-of-laparoscopy-in-paediatric-and-adolescent-gynaecology-abuoe6o6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Raźnikiewicz A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Korlacki W"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Grabowski A"}],"datePublished":"2020-09-01","abstract":"Paediatric and adolescent gynaecology is a narrow field of medicine dealing with the diagnosis of and treatment of gynaecological diseases from the neonatal period to sexual maturity. The current trend in surgical gynaecology in the paediatric population is to minimise the degree of invasiveness of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. This contributes to reducing the number of complications and the risk of infertility. Laparoscopic procedures are a challenge for paediatric surgeons and gynaecologists, not only because of the age of treated patients, and anatomical and physiological differences between different age groups but also because of the complexity of the pathology, the differentiation of cancer tumours, and the presence of congenital developmental defects.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Wideochirurgia i inne techniki maloinwazyjne = Videosurgery and other miniinvasive techniques"}}},"pageStart":"424","pageEnd":"436","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.5114/wiitm.2020.97817","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q99239999"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.5114/wiitm.2020.97817"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32904632"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q99239999"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/creatine-metabolism-in-the-uterus-potential-implications-for-reproductive-biolog-pk7neljt/","name":"Creatine metabolism in the uterus: potential implications for reproductive biology","headline":"Creatine metabolism in the uterus: potential implications for reproductive biology","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/creatine-metabolism-in-the-uterus-potential-implications-for-reproductive-biolog-pk7neljt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Philip M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Snow RJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gatta PAD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bellofiore N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ellery SJ"}],"datePublished":"2020-09-01","abstract":"Creatine is an amino acid derivative synthesized from arginine, glycine and methionine. It serves as the substrate for the creatine kinase system, which is vital for maintaining ATP levels in tissues with high and fluctuating energy demand. There exists evidence that the creatine kinase system operates in both the endometrial and myometrial layers of the uterus. While use and regulation of this system in the uterus are not well understood, it is likely to be important given uterine tissues undergo phases of increased energy demand during certain stages of the female reproductive cycle, pregnancy, and parturition. This review discusses known adaptations of creatine metabolism in the uterus during the reproductive cycle (both estrous and menstrual), pregnancy and parturition, highlighting possible links to fertility and the existing knowledge gaps. Specifically, we discuss the adaptations and regulation of uterine creatine metabolite levels, cell creatine transport, de novo creatine synthesis, and creatine kinase expression in the various layers and cell types of the uterus. Finally, we discuss the effects of dietary creatine on uterine metabolism. In summary, there is growing evidence that creatine metabolism is up-regulated in uterine tissues during phases where energy demand is increased. While it remains unclear how important these adaptations are in the maintenance of healthy uterine function, furthering our understanding of uterine creatine metabolism may uncover strategies to combat poor embryo implantation and failure to conceive, as well as enhancing uterine contractile performance during labor.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"52","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Amino acids"}}},"pageStart":"1275","pageEnd":"1283","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s00726-020-02896-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q100388323"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00726-020-02896-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32996056"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q100388323"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/antioxidants-for-female-subfertility-recel2ysf3hvbnwnm/","name":"Antioxidants for female subfertility","headline":"Antioxidants for female subfertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/antioxidants-for-female-subfertility-recel2ysf3hvbnwnm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marian Showell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1227-4303","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Auckland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03b94tp07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vanessa Jordan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5818-037X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Auckland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03b94tp07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roger J Hart","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6610-3040","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"School of Women's and Infants' Health; The University of Western Australia, King Edward Memorial Hospital and Fertility Specialists of Western Australia; Subiaco, Perth Australia"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roger Hart","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8800-0456","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University College London","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rebecca Mackenzie-Proctor","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7868-4057","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Auckland City Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05e8jge82"}}],"datePublished":"2020-08-28","abstract":"EDITORIAL NOTE: M.G. Showell, R. Mackenzie‐Proctor, V. Jordan, and R.J. Hart, “Antioxidants for Female Subfertility,” Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, no. 8 (2020): CD007807, https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD007807.pub4 This Editorial Note is for the above article, published online on August 27, 2020, in Cochrane Library (cochranelibrary.com), and has been issued by the Publisher, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, in agreement with Cochrane. The Editorial note has been agreed due to concerns discovered by the Cochrane managing editor regarding the retraction of six studies in the Review (Badawy et al. 2006, 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.02.097; El Refaeey et al. 2014, 10.1016/j.rbmo.2014.03.011; El Sharkwy & Abd El Aziz 2019a, https://doi.org/10.1002/ijgo.12902; Gerli et al. 2007, https://doi.org/10.26355/eurrev_202309_33752, full text: https://europepmc.org/article/MED/18074942; Ismail et al. 2014, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2014.06.008; Hashemi et al. 2017, https://doi.org/10.1080/14767058.2017.1372413). In addition, expressions of concern have been published for two studies (Jamilian et al. 2018, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-017-1236-3; Zadeh Modarres 2018, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-017-1148-2). The retracted studies will be moved to the Excluded Studies table, and their impact on the review findings will be investigated and acted on accordingly in a future update. Initial checks indicate that removal of the six retracted studies did not make an appreciable difference to the results. Likewise, the studies for which Expressions of Concern were issued will be moved to the Awaiting classification table; they did not report any review outcomes, so removal will have no impact on the review findings.\nBackground: A couple may be considered to have fertility problems if they have been trying to conceive for over a year with no success. This may affect up to a quarter of all couples planning a child. It is estimated that for 40% to 50% of couples, subfertility may result from factors affecting women. Antioxidants are thought to reduce the oxidative stress brought on by these conditions. Currently, limited evidence suggests that antioxidants improve fertility, and trials have explored this area with varied results. This review assesses the evidence for the effectiveness of different antioxidants in female subfertility.\n\nObjectives: To determine whether supplementary oral antioxidants compared with placebo, no treatment/standard treatment or another antioxidant improve fertility outcomes for subfertile women. SEARCH\n\nMethods: We searched the following databases (from their inception to September 2019), with no language or date restriction: Cochrane Gynaecology and Fertility Group (CGFG) specialised register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL and AMED. We checked reference lists of relevant studies and searched the trial registers.\nSelection Criteria: We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that compared any type, dose or combination of oral antioxidant supplement with placebo, no treatment or treatment with another antioxidant, among women attending a reproductive clinic. We excluded trials comparing antioxidants with fertility drugs alone and trials that only included fertile women attending a fertility clinic because of male partner infertility.\nData Collection and Analysis: We used standard methodological procedures expected by Cochrane. The primary review outcome was live birth; secondary outcomes included clinical pregnancy rates and adverse events.\n\nMAIN Results: We included 63 trials involving 7760 women. Investigators compared oral antioxidants, including: combinations of antioxidants, N-acetylcysteine, melatonin, L-arginine, myo-inositol, carnitine, selenium, vitamin E, vitamin B complex, vitamin C, vitamin D+calcium, CoQ10, and omega-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids versus placebo, no treatment/standard treatment or another antioxidant. Only 27 of the 63 included trials reported funding sources. Due to the very low-quality of the evidence we are uncertain whether antioxidants improve live birth rate compared with placebo or no treatment/standard treatment (odds ratio (OR) 1.81, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.36 to 2.43; P < 0.001, I(2) = 29%; 13 RCTs, 1227 women). This suggests that among subfertile women with an expected live birth rate of 19%, the rate among women using antioxidants would be between 24% and 36%. Low-quality evidence suggests that antioxidants may improve clinical pregnancy rate compared with placebo or no treatment/standard treatment (OR 1.65, 95% CI 1.43 to 1.89; P < 0.001, I(2) = 63%; 35 RCTs, 5165 women). This suggests that among subfertile women with an expected clinical pregnancy rate of 19%, the rate among women using antioxidants would be between 25% and 30%. Heterogeneity was moderately high. Overall 28 trials reported on various adverse events in the meta-analysis. The evidence suggests that the use of antioxidants makes no difference between the groups in rates of miscarriage (OR 1.13, 95% CI 0.82 to 1.55; P = 0.46, I(2) = 0%; 24 RCTs, 3229 women; low-quality evidence). There was also no evidence of a difference between the groups in rates of multiple pregnancy (OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.63 to 1.56; P = 0.99, I(2) = 0%; 9 RCTs, 1886 women; low-quality evidence). There was also no evidence of a difference between the groups in rates of gastrointestinal disturbances (OR 1.55, 95% CI 0.47 to 5.10; P = 0.47, I(2) = 0%; 3 RCTs, 343 women; low-quality evidence). Low-quality evidence showed that there was also no difference between the groups in rates of ectopic pregnancy (OR 1.40, 95% CI 0.27 to 7.20; P = 0.69, I(2) = 0%; 4 RCTs, 404 women). In the antioxidant versus antioxidant comparison, low-quality evidence shows no difference in a lower dose of melatonin being associated with an increased live-birth rate compared with higher-dose melatonin (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.41 to 2.15; P = 0.89, I(2) = 0%; 2 RCTs, 140 women). This suggests that among subfertile women with an expected live-birth rate of 24%, the rate among women using a lower dose of melatonin compared to a higher dose would be between 12% and 40%. Similarly with clinical pregnancy, there was no evidence of a difference between the groups in rates between a lower and a higher dose of melatonin (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.41 to 2.15; P = 0.89, I(2) = 0%; 2 RCTs, 140 women). Three trials reported on miscarriage in the antioxidant versus antioxidant comparison (two used doses of melatonin and one compared N-acetylcysteine versus L-carnitine). There were no miscarriages in either melatonin trial. Multiple pregnancy and gastrointestinal disturbances were not reported, and ectopic pregnancy was reported by only one trial, with no events. The study comparing N-acetylcysteine with L-carnitine did not report live birth rate. Very low-quality evidence shows no evidence of a difference in clinical pregnancy (OR 0.81, 95% CI 0.33 to 2.00; 1 RCT, 164 women; low-quality evidence). Low quality evidence shows no difference in miscarriage (OR 1.54, 95% CI 0.42 to 5.67; 1 RCT, 164 women; low-quality evidence). The study did not report multiple pregnancy, gastrointestinal disturbances or ectopic pregnancy. The overall quality of evidence was limited by serious risk of bias associated with poor reporting of methods, imprecision and inconsistency. AUTHORS'\n\nConclusions: In this review, there was lowto very low-quality evidence to show that taking an antioxidant may benefit subfertile women. Overall, there is no evidence of increased risk of miscarriage, multiple births, gastrointestinal effects or ectopic pregnancies, but evidence was of very low quality. At this time, there is limited evidence in support of supplemental oral antioxidants for subfertile women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"}}},"pageStart":"CD007807","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD007807.pub4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98772946"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/14651858.CD007807.pub4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32851663"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q98772946"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/supervised-algorithms-of-machine-learning-for-the-prediction-of-cervical-cancer-recpa3jyadynmq9ws/","name":"Supervised Algorithms of Machine Learning for the Prediction of Cervical Cancer","headline":"Supervised Algorithms of Machine Learning for the Prediction of Cervical Cancer","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/supervised-algorithms-of-machine-learning-for-the-prediction-of-cervical-cancer-recpa3jyadynmq9ws/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"F A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Farkhondeh Asadi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0939-7983","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/034m2b326"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cirruse Salehnasab","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5615-9307","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/034m2b326"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ladan Ajori","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4818-338X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/034m2b326"}}],"datePublished":"2020-08-18","abstract":"Background: Compared to other genital cancers, cervical cancer is the most prevalent and the main cause of mortality in females in third-world countries, affected by different factors, including smoking, poor nutritional status, immune-deficiency, long-term use of contraceptives and so on.\n\nObjective: The present study was conducted to predict cervical cancer and identify its important predictors using machine learning classification algorithms.\n\nMATERIAL AND Methods: In a cross-sectional study, the data of 145 patients with 23 attributes, which referred to Shohada Hospital Tehran, Iran during 2017-2018, were analyzed by machine learning classification algorithms which included SVM, QUEST, C&R tree, MLP and RBF. The criteria measurement used to evaluate these algorithms included accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and area under the curve (AUC).\n\nResults: The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and AUC of Quest and C&R tree were, respectively 95.55, 90.48, 100, and 95.20, 95.55, 90.48, 100, and 95.20, those of RBF 95.45, 90.00, 100 and 91.50, those of SVM 93.33, 90.48, 95.83 and 95.80 and those of MLP 90.90, 90.00, 91.67 and 91.50 percentage. The important predictors in all the algorithms were found to comprise personal health level, marital status, social status, the dose of contraceptives used, level of education and number of caesarean deliveries.\n\nConclusion: This investigation confirmed that ML can enhance the prediction of cervical cancer. The results of this study showed that Decision Tree algorithms can be applied to identify the most relevant predictors. Moreover, it seems that improving personal health and socio-cultural level of patients can be causing cervical cancer prevention.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Biomedical Physics & Engineering"}}},"pageStart":"513","pageEnd":"522","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.1912-1027","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98503498"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.1912-1027"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32802799"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q98503498"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-role-of-zinc-in-selected-female-reproductive-system-disorders-5mweob23/","name":"The Role of Zinc in Selected Female Reproductive System Disorders","headline":"The Role of Zinc in Selected Female Reproductive System Disorders","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-role-of-zinc-in-selected-female-reproductive-system-disorders-5mweob23/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Nasiadek M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stragierowicz J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Klimczak M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kilanowicz A"}],"datePublished":"2020-08-16","abstract":"Zinc is an essential microelement that plays many important functions in the body. It is crucial for the regulation of cell growth, hormone release, immunological response and reproduction. This review focuses on its importance in the reproductive system of women of reproductive and postmenopausal ages, not including its well described role in pregnancy. Only recently, attention has been drawn to the potential role of zinc in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), dysmenorrhea, or endometriosis. This review is mainly based on 36 randomized, controlled studies on reproductive, pre- and post-menopausal populations of women and on research trying to explain the potential impact of zinc and its supplementation in the etiology of selected female reproductive system disorders. In women with PCOS, zinc supplementation has a positive effect on many parameters, especially those related to insulin resistance and lipid balance. In primary dysmenorrhea, zinc supplementation before and during each menstrual cycle seems to be an important factor reducing the intensity of menstrual pain. On the other hand, little is known of the role of zinc in endometriosis and in postmenopausal women. Therefore, further studies explaining the potential impact of zinc and its supplementation on female reproductive system would be highly advisable and valuable.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nutrients"}}},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12082464","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98618125"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/nu12082464"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32824334"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q98618125"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ultrasonic-monitoring-of-follicular-growth-and-ovulation-in-spontaneous-and-stim-rectxvnjw5uvti3sj/","name":"Ultrasonic Monitoring of Follicular Growth and Ovulation in Spontaneous and Stimulated Cycles","headline":"Ultrasonic Monitoring of Follicular Growth and Ovulation in Spontaneous and Stimulated Cycles","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ultrasonic-monitoring-of-follicular-growth-and-ovulation-in-spontaneous-and-stim-rectxvnjw5uvti3sj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Davor Jurkovic","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6487-5736","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University College Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wrevg56"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Kurjak","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Klinička bolnica \"Sveti Duh\"","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t8kk495"}}],"datePublished":"2020-08-11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Ultrasound and Infertility"},"pageStart":"89","pageEnd":"124","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003068204-4","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1201/9781003068204-4"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/peri-implantation-intercourse-does-not-lower-fecundability-recxhp08e5thohi5b/","name":"Peri-implantation intercourse does not lower fecundability","headline":"Peri-implantation intercourse does not lower fecundability","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/peri-implantation-intercourse-does-not-lower-fecundability-recxhp08e5thohi5b/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jared Hansen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8544-3510","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sydney K Willis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6858-5450","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Boston University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nan Hu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1957-4332","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Huntsman Cancer Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03v7tx966"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alun Thomas","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0550-258X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University Press","sameAs":"https://ror.org/006v7bf86"}}],"datePublished":"2020-08-07","abstract":"STUDY QUESTION: Does sexual intercourse in the implantation time window (5-9 days after ovulation) reduce fecundability?\n\nSUMMARY ANSWER: After adjustment for intercourse in the fecund window and clustering by couple, there was no association between intercourse in the implantation time window and fecundity.\n\nWHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Previous research has suggested an association between intercourse in the peri-implantation time window (5-9 days after estimated ovulation) and reduced fecundability.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: We used data from the FERTILI study, a prospective observational study conducted in five European countries, with data collected from 1992 to 1996.\n\nPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: Women who were experienced in fertility awareness tracking kept a daily diary of cervical mucus observations, basal body temperature measurements, coitus and clinically identified pregnancy. We estimated the day of ovulation as cycle length minus 13 days. From 661 women, 2606 cycles had intercourse during the fecund window (from 5 days before to 3 days after the estimated day of ovulation), resulting in 418 pregnancies (conception cycles). An established Bayesian fecundability model was used to estimate the fecundability ratio (FR) of peri-implantation intercourse on fecundability, while adjusting for each partner's age, prior pregnancy, the couple's probability of conception and intercourse pattern(s). We conducted sensitivity analyses estimating ovulation as cycle length minus 12 days, or alternatively, as the peak day of estrogenic cervical mucus.\n\nMAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: There was no effect of peri-implantation intercourse on fecundability: adjusted FR for three or more acts of peri-implantation intercourse versus none: 1.00, 95% credible interval: 0.76-1.13. Results were essentially the same with sensitivity analyses. There was an inverse relationship between frequency of intercourse in the fecund window and intercourse in the peri-implantation window.\n\nLIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: Women with known subfertility were excluded from this study. Many couples in the study were avoiding pregnancy during much of the study, so 61% of otherwise eligible cycles in the database were not at meaningful risk of pregnancy and did not contribute to the analysis. Some couples may not have recorded all intercourse.\n\nWIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: We believe the current balance of evidence does not support a recommendation for avoiding intercourse in the peri-implantation period among couples trying to conceive.\n\nSTUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S): No external funding. The authors have no potential competing interests.\n\nTRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: N/A.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"35","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"2107","pageEnd":"2112","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deaa156","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98212337"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/deaa156"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32756956"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q98212337"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vertebral-fractures-which-radiological-criteria-are-better-associated-with-the-c-recb2nhwfgi9vi3th/","name":"Vertebral Fractures: Which Radiological Criteria Are Better Associated With the Clinical Course of Osteoporosis?","headline":"Vertebral Fractures: Which Radiological Criteria Are Better Associated With the Clinical Course of Osteoporosis?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vertebral-fractures-which-radiological-criteria-are-better-associated-with-the-c-recb2nhwfgi9vi3th/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudie Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5499-2661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Linda Probyn","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2669-4173","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Medical ImagingUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/000hkd473"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa Langsetmo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2245-1657","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ian Hammond","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5225-3144","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ottawa Hospital-General Campus, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jeff Hu","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"William D Leslie","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1056-1691","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02gfys938"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Hanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert G Josse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-6264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Angela M Cheung","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8332-0744","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Medicine and Joint Department of Medical Imaging, Centre of Excellence in Skeletal Health Assessment, University Health NetworkUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S M Kaiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3222-3711","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tanveer Towheed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8738-9394","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Rheumatology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rtaxr13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher S Kovacs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5219-9993","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John’s, NL, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04haebc03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A K O Wong","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9930-3471","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Public Health Ontario","sameAs":"https://ror.org/025z8ah66"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brian C Lentle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6433-0509","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of RadiologyUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1406-4251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephanie M Kaiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7183-5754","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}}],"datePublished":"2020-08-05","abstract":"Study purposeMorphometric methods categorize potential osteoporotic vertebral fractures (OVF) on the basis of loss of vertebral height. A particular example is the widely used semiquantitative morphometric tool proposed by Genant (GSQ). A newer morphologic algorithm-based qualitative (mABQ) tool focuses on vertebral end-plate damage in recognizing OVF. We used data from both sexes in the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos) to compare the 2 methods in identifying OVF at baseline and during 10 years of follow-up.\n\nMaterials and methods: We obtained lateral thoracic and lumbar spinal radiographs (T4-L4) 3 times, at 5-year intervals, in 828 participants of the population-based CaMos. Logistic regressions were used to study the association of 10-year changes in bone mineral density (BMD) with incident fractures.\n\nResults: At baseline, 161 participants had grade 1 and 32 had grade 2 GSQ OVF; over the next 10 years, only 9 of these participants had sustained incident GSQ OVF. Contrastingly, 21 participants at baseline had grade 1 and 48 grade 2 mABQ events; over the next 10 years, 79 subjects experienced incident grade 1 or grade 2 mABQ events. Thus, incident grades 1 and 2 morphologic fractures were 8 times more common than morphometric deformities alone. Each 10-year decrease of 0.01 g/cm2 in total hip BMD was associated with a 4.1% (95% CI: 0.7-7.3) higher odds of having an incident vertebral fracture.\n\nConclusions: This analysis further suggests that morphometric deformities and morphologic fractures constitute distinct entities; morphologic fractures conform more closely to the expected epidemiology of OVF.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"72","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Can Assoc Radiol J"}}},"pageStart":"150","pageEnd":"158","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/0846537120943529","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98208462"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/0846537120943529"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32755312"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q98208462"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/art-in-europe-2016-results-generated-from-european-registries-by-eshre-8lh9r9jb/","name":"ART in Europe, 2016: results generated from European registries by ESHRE","headline":"ART in Europe, 2016: results generated from European registries by ESHRE","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/art-in-europe-2016-results-generated-from-european-registries-by-eshre-8lh9r9jb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine Wyns","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6581-5003","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03s4khd80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Bergh","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sahlgrenska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vgqjj36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carlos Calhaz-Jorge","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2941-113X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nuffield Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01w2zd907"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christian De Geyter","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0889-6310","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Basel","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02s6k3f65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kupka MS","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6559-0580"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Motrenko T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ioana Rugescu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1104-6269","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Romanian Space Agency","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05r48bj28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Smeenk","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3053-0358","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00q6h8f30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tandler-Schneider A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vidakovic S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4789-0464"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Goossens V; European IVF-monitoring Consortium (EIM); European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE)"}],"datePublished":"2020-08-04","abstract":"---\ntitle: \"ART in Europe, 2016: results generated from European registries by ESHRE\"\nsource_file: \"eshre-eim-2016-source.pdf\"\npages: 17\nextracted_date: \"2026-04-24\"\nfigures_extracted: 3\ntables_extracted: 5\nreview_flags: 2\ncitation: \"Wyns C et al. ART in Europe, 2016: results generated from European registries by ESHRE. Hum Reprod Open. 2020;2020(3):hoaa032. doi:10.1093/hropen/hoaa032\"\n---","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction Open"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/hropen/hoaa032","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98226354"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/hropen/hoaa032"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32760812"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q98226354"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-program-to-estimate-insulin-resistance-based-on-data-from-the-oral-glucose-tol-recxgzps1lltrxeka/","name":"A program to estimate insulin resistance based on data from the oral glucose  tolerance test","headline":"A program to estimate insulin resistance based on data from the oral glucose  tolerance test","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-program-to-estimate-insulin-resistance-based-on-data-from-the-oral-glucose-tol-recxgzps1lltrxeka/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yanara A Bernal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9568-0675","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Reproductive Health Research Institute, Santiago, Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x0xhn70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patricio H Contreras","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4258-2454","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fundación Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04nvpdc40"}}],"datePublished":"2020-07-31","abstract":"Background An instrument to help clinicians to evaluate the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at-a-glance is lacking.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"148","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Revista Medica De Chile"}}},"pageStart":"436","pageEnd":"443","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.4067/s0034-98872020000400436","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98170381"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4067/s0034-98872020000400436"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32730451"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q98170381"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone---friend-or-foe-rec1eaimxib3txle3/","name":"Progesterone - Friend or foe?","headline":"Progesterone - Friend or foe?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone---friend-or-foe-rec1eaimxib3txle3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rachael L. Sumner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2652-4617","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Auckland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03b94tp07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Erika Comasco","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2174-2068","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Neuroscience, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/048a87296"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eileen Luders","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Inger Sundström-Poromaa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2491-2042","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala university, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/048a87296"}}],"datePublished":"2020-07-31","abstract":"Estradiol is the \"prototypic\" sex hormone of women. Yet, women have another sex hormone, which is often disregarded: Progesterone. The goal of this article is to provide a comprehensive review on progesterone, and its metabolite allopregnanolone, emphasizing three key areas: biological properties, main functions, and effects on mood in women. Recent years of intensive research on progesterone and allopregnanolone have paved the way for new treatment of postpartum depression. However, treatment for premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder as well as contraception that women can use without risking mental health problems are still needed. As far as progesterone is concerned, we might be dealing with a two-edged sword: while its metabolite allopregnanolone has been proven useful for treatment of PPD, it may trigger negative symptoms in women with PMS and PMDD. Overall, our current knowledge on the beneficial and harmful effects of progesterone is limited and further research is imperative.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"59","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology"}},"pageStart":"100856","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yfrne.2020.100856","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98171471"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.yfrne.2020.100856"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32730861"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q98171471"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-risk-assessment-tool-for-predicting-fragility-fractures-and-mortality-in-the-e-rectyc7h52n3fucre/","name":"A Risk Assessment Tool for Predicting Fragility Fractures and Mortality in the Elderly","headline":"A Risk Assessment Tool for Predicting Fragility Fractures and Mortality in the Elderly","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-risk-assessment-tool-for-predicting-fragility-fractures-and-mortality-in-the-e-rectyc7h52n3fucre/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Thach Tran, Dana Bliuc, Hanh M Pham, Tineke van Geel, Jonathan D Adachi, Claudie Berger, Joop van den Bergh, John A Eisman, Piet Geusens, David Goltzman, David A Hanley, Robert G Josse, Stephanie M Kaiser, Christopher S Kovacs, Lisa Langsetmo, Jerilynn C Prior, Tuan V Nguyen, Jacqueline R Center"}],"datePublished":"2020-07-30","abstract":"Existing fracture risk assessment tools are not designed to predict fracture-associated consequences, possibly contributing to the current undermanagement of fragility fractures worldwide. We aimed to develop a risk assessment tool for predicting the conceptual risk of fragility fractures and its consequences. The study involved 8965 people aged ≥60 years from the Dubbo Osteoporosis Epidemiology Study and the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study. Incident fracture was identified from X-ray reports and questionnaires, and death was ascertained though contact with a family member or obituary review. We used a multistate model to quantify the effects of the predictors on the transition risks to an initial and subsequent incident fracture and mortality, accounting for their complex interrelationships, confounding effects, and death as a competing risk. There were 2364 initial fractures, 755 subsequent fractures, and 3300 deaths during a median follow-up of 13 years (interquartile range [IQR] 7-15). The prediction model included sex, age, bone mineral density, history of falls within 12 previous months, prior fracture after the age of 50 years, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, chronic pulmonary diseases, hypertension, and cancer. The model accurately predicted fragility fractures up to 11 years of follow-up and post-fracture mortality up to 9 years, ranging from 7 years after hip fractures to 15 years after non-hip fractures. For example, a 70-year-old woman with a T-score of -1.5 and without other risk factors would have 10% chance of sustaining a fracture and an 8% risk of dying in 5 years. However, after an initial fracture, her risk of sustaining another fracture or dying doubles to 33%, ranging from 26% after a distal to 42% post hip fracture. A robust statistical technique was used to develop a prediction model for individualization of progression to fracture and its consequences, facilitating informed decision making about risk and thus treatment for individuals with different risk profiles.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"35","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"J Bone Miner Res"}}},"pageStart":"1923","pageEnd":"1934","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.4100","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q95925525"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/jbmr.4100"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32460361"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q95925525"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/are-glyphosate-and-glyphosate-based-herbicides-endocrine-disruptors-that-alter-f-recioob9glr2eruz8/","name":"Are glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicides endocrine disruptors that alter female fertility?","headline":"Are glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicides endocrine disruptors that alter female fertility?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/are-glyphosate-and-glyphosate-based-herbicides-endocrine-disruptors-that-alter-f-recioob9glr2eruz8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Paola I. Ingaramo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1117-6824","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National University of the Littoral","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00pt8r998"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ramiro Alarcón","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2429-1378","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National University of the Littoral","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00pt8r998"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mónica Muñoz‐de‐Toro","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National University of the Littoral","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00pt8r998"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique H Luque","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7007-5436","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National University of the Littoral","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00pt8r998"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mónica Muñoz-de-Toro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5336-5658","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Instituto de Salud y Ambiente Del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional Del Litora..."}}],"datePublished":"2020-07-14","abstract":"Numerous evidences have alerted on the toxic effects of the exposure to glyphosate on living organisms. Glyphosate is the herbicide most used in crops such as maize and soybean worldwide, which implies that several non-target species are at a high risk of exposure. Although the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA-USA) has reaffirmed that glyphosate is safe for users, there are controversial studies that question this statement. Some of the reported effects are due to exposure to high doses; however, recent evidences have shown that exposure to low doses could also alter the development of the female reproductive tract, with consequences on fertility. Different animal models of exposure to glyphosate or glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) have shown that the effects on the female reproductive tract may be related to the potential and/or mechanisms of actions of an endocrine-disrupting compound. Studies have also demonstrated that the exposure to GBHs alters the development and differentiation of ovarian follicles and uterus, affecting fertility when animals are exposed before puberty. In addition, exposure to GBHs during gestation could alter the development of the offspring (F1 and F2). The main mechanism described associated with the endocrine-disrupting effect of GBHs is the modulation of estrogen receptors and molecules involved in the estrogenic pathways. This review summarizes the endocrine-disrupting effects of exposure to glyphosate and GBHs at low or \"environmentally relevant\" doses in the female reproductive tissues. Data suggesting that, at low doses, GBHs may have adverse effects on the female reproductive tract fertility are discussed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"518","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology"}},"pageStart":"110934","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mce.2020.110934","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q97563013"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.mce.2020.110934"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32659439"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q97563013"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/interstitial-cystitis-or-painful-bladder-syndrome-in-a-premenopausal-female-prec-recahjz4kwszi9u6q/","name":"Interstitial Cystitis or Painful Bladder Syndrome in a Premenopausal Female  Precipitated by Oral Combined Contraceptives","headline":"Interstitial Cystitis or Painful Bladder Syndrome in a Premenopausal Female  Precipitated by Oral Combined Contraceptives","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/interstitial-cystitis-or-painful-bladder-syndrome-in-a-premenopausal-female-prec-recahjz4kwszi9u6q/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ashley E Siegel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1435-1624","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Florida College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010bgev76"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tramont JM Sr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"John M. Tramont","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Florida College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010bgev76"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Thompson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5434-1626","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pediatrics, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, USA.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03wzyp716"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zachery Thompson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Central Florida","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036nfer12"}}],"datePublished":"2020-07-04","abstract":"It has been well documented that female sex is a significant risk factor for the development of various autoimmune diseases. While the reason for this has been debated, one well-regarded theory is that increased estrogen and decreased testosterone play a role in this predisposition. Interstitial cystitis (IC), also known as painful bladder syndrome (PBS), is an autoimmune disorder that affects over nine million women in the United States. It presents with pelvic and bladder pain and urinary symptoms, both of which significantly and negatively affect the quality of life. Even so, very few studies have examined the pathophysiologic relationship between autoimmune disorders and hormonal contraceptives. In this report, we present a case of IC likely precipitated by oral contraceptives (OCPs) in a premenopausal female. Shortly after beginning OCPs, this patient developed symptoms of severe pelvic pain and increased urinary frequency. Over the course of a year, the patient was diagnosed and treated for a variety of conditions, such as urinary tract infection (UTI), fungal vaginitis, and nephrolithiasis. After consultation with a gynecologist, a normal abdominal CT scan, and unsuccessful cystoscopy due to pain, she was finally diagnosed with IC. The patient independently learned of a potential link between hormonal contraceptive pills and IC and decided to discontinue this method of birth control. Following this, her symptoms completely resolved within several months. The timing of her initiation and discontinuation of OCPs, alongside her symptomatology, suggest a connection to the development of IC. A literature review was performed, which supports this association. We, therefore, highlight this case as an important example of IC precipitated by OCPs.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cureus"}}},"pageStart":"e8348","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.8348","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96951849"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.7759/cureus.8348"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32617221"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q96951849"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adenomyosis-incidence-prevalence-and-treatment-united-states-populationbased-stu-2fw2kpss/","name":"Adenomyosis incidence, prevalence and treatment: United States population-based study 2006-2015","headline":"Adenomyosis incidence, prevalence and treatment: United States population-based study 2006-2015","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adenomyosis-incidence-prevalence-and-treatment-united-states-populationbased-stu-2fw2kpss/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yu O","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7790-8135"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Schulze-Rath R","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4589-7213"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Grafton J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hansen K","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5204-2080"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Delia Scholes","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0027frf26"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan D Reed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7532-3785","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}}],"datePublished":"2020-07-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Adenomyosis symptoms are disabling. Population-based data on incidence and prevalence of adenomyosis are lacking that could guide future evidence-based treatments and clinical management.\n\nOBJECTIVE: To evaluate the incidence, 10-year secular trends, and prevalence of adenomyosis diagnoses and to describe symptoms and treatment patterns in a large U.S. cohort.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: We performed a retrospective population-based cohort study of women aged 16-60 years in 2006-2015, enrolled in Kaiser Permanente Washington, a mixed-model health insurance and care delivery system. Adenomyosis diagnoses identified by ICD codes from the International Classification of Diseases 9th and 10th editions and potential covariates were extracted from computerized databases. Women with prior hysterectomy, and for incidence estimates women with prior adenomyosis diagnoses, were excluded. Linear trends in incidence rates over the 10-year study period were evaluated using Poisson regression. Rates and trend tests were examined for all women adjusting for age using direct standardization to the 2015 study population, by age groups, and by race/ethnicity. Chart reviews were performed to validate diagnostic accuracy of ICD codes in identifying adenomyosis incidence. Symptoms and treatment patterns at diagnosis and in the following 5 years were assessed.\n\nRESULTS: A total of 333,693 women contributed 1,185,855 woman-years (2006-2015) for incidence calculations. Associated symptom-related codes (menorrhagia or abnormal uterine bleeding, dysmenorrhea or pelvic pain, dyspareunia, and infertility) were observed in 90.8%; 18.0% had co-occurrent endometriosis codes and 47.6% had co-occurrent uterine fibroid codes. The overall adenomyosis incidence was 1.03% or 28.9 per 10,000 woman-years, with a high of 30.6 in 2007 and a low of 24.4 in 2014. Overall age-adjusted estimated incidence rates declined during the 10-year study interval (linear trend P < .05). Incidence was highest for women aged 41-45 years (69.1 per 10,000 woman-years in 2008) and was higher for black (highest 44.6 per 10,000 woman-years in 2011) vs white women (highest 27.9 per 10,000 woman-years in 2010). Overall prevalence in 2015 was 0.8% and was highest among women aged 41-45 years (1.5%). Among the 624 potential adenomyosis cases identified by diagnostic codes in 2012-2015 and with sufficient information in the medical record to determine true case status, 490 were confirmed as incident cases, yielding a 78.5% (95% confidence interval, 75.1%, 81.7%) positive predictive value of adenomyosis ICD-9/ICD-10 codes for identifying an incident adenomyosis case. Health care burden was substantial: 82.0% of women had hysterectomies, nearly 70% had imaging studies suggestive of adenomyosis, and 37.6% used chronic pain medications.\n\nCONCLUSION: Adenomyosis burden to the individual and the health care system is high. Incidence rates are disproportionately high among black women. These findings are of concern, as currently available long-term medical therapies remain limited beyond hysterectomy. Our data and methodologies are novel and could serve as a foundation to guide clinicians and health care systems to develop clinical management plans and track outcomes for women with adenomyosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"223","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American journal of obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"94.e1-94.e10","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2020.01.016","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92744869"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ajog.2020.01.016"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31954156"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92744869"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vitamin-d-status-in-endometriosis-a-systematic-review-and-metaanalysis-beaxyiif/","name":"Vitamin D status in endometriosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","headline":"Vitamin D status in endometriosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vitamin-d-status-in-endometriosis-a-systematic-review-and-metaanalysis-beaxyiif/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Qiu Y"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yuan S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hongbo Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0162-5371","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Union Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/055gkcy74"}}],"datePublished":"2020-07-01","abstract":"PURPOSE: No consensus exists on the relationship between vitamin D status and endometriosis. The chief aim of our study was to evaluate the association between serum vitamin D levels and endometriosis.\n\nMETHODS: We searched for MEDLINE, EMBASE, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases for studies elucidated the circulating vitamin D levels in endometriosis. The standardized mean differences (SMDs) or odds ratios (ORs) with their 95% confidence interval (CIs) were calculated to evaluate the association between vitamin D levels and endometriosis.\n\nRESULTS: Nine studies were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled results indicated that women with endometriosis had lower vitamin D status than that in controls (SMD - 0.97 ng/mL, 95% CI - 1.80 to - 0.14; p = 0.02), and vitamin D status had a negative correlation with the severity of the disease (stage III-IV vs stage I-II: SMD - 1.33 ng/mL, 95% CI - 2.54 to - 0.12; p = 0.03). Although it was not statistically significantly different, hypovitaminosis D had a tendency to be associated with endometriosis (OR 2.77, 95% CI 0.85-6.08, p = 0.10). Heterogeneity was high among included studies. Subgroup analyses revealed that women with no hormone use had lower vitamin D status when compared with controls (SMD - 1.38 ng/mL, 95% CI - 2.59 to - 0.18; p = 0.02). For studies which sample size < 100, serum vitamin D levels were significantly lower in patients than that in controls (SMD - 0.65 ng/mL, 95% CI - 1.19 to - 0.11; p = 0.02).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Women with endometriosis had lower vitamin D status when compared with controls, and a negative relationship between vitamin D levels and severity of endometriosis was observed. In addition, hypovitaminosis D was a potential risk factor for endometriosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"302","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Archives of gynecology and obstetrics"}}},"pageStart":"141","pageEnd":"152","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-020-05576-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q95278315"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00404-020-05576-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32430755"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q95278315"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/90-years-of-progesterone-new-insights-into-progesterone-receptor-signaling-in-th-zvetbabg/","name":"90 YEARS OF PROGESTERONE: New insights into progesterone receptor signaling in the endometrium required for embryo implantation","headline":"90 YEARS OF PROGESTERONE: New insights into progesterone receptor signaling in the endometrium required for embryo implantation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/90-years-of-progesterone-new-insights-into-progesterone-receptor-signaling-in-th-zvetbabg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"DeMayo FJ","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9480-7336"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Lydon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6472-636X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44"}}],"datePublished":"2020-07-01","abstract":"Progesterone's ability to maintain pregnancy in eutherian mammals highlighted this steroid as the 'hormone of pregnancy'. It was the unique 'pro-gestational' bioactivity of progesterone that enabled eventual purification of this ovarian steroid to crystalline form by Willard Myron Allen in the early 1930s. While a functional connection between normal progesterone responses ('progestational proliferation') of the uterus with the maintenance of pregnancy was quickly appreciated, an understanding of progesterone's involvement in the early stages of pregnancy establishment was comparatively less well understood. With the aforementioned as historical backdrop, this review focuses on a selection of key advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which progesterone, through its nuclear receptor (the progesterone receptor), drives the development of endometrial receptivity, a transient uterine state that allows for embryo implantation and the establishment of pregnancy. Highlighted in this review are the significant contributions of advanced mouse engineering and genome-wide transcriptomic and cistromic analytics which reveal the pivotal molecular mediators and modifiers that are essential to progesterone-dependent endometrial receptivity and decidualization. With a clearer understanding of the molecular landscape that underpins uterine responsiveness to progesterone during the periimplantation period, we predict that common gynecologic morbidities due to abnormal progesterone responsiveness will be more effectively diagnosed and/or treated in the future.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"65","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of molecular endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"T1-T14","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1530/JME-19-0212","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91755583"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1530/JME-19-0212"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31809260"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91755583"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/scientific-basis-for-managing-pfas-as-a-chemical-class-jvlb2k7l/","name":"Scientific Basis for Managing PFAS as a Chemical Class","headline":"Scientific Basis for Managing PFAS as a Chemical Class","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/scientific-basis-for-managing-pfas-as-a-chemical-class-jvlb2k7l/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kwiatkowski CF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrews DQ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Birnbaum LS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bruton TA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"DeWitt JC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Knappe DRU"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maffini MV"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Miller MF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pelch KE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Reade A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Soehl A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Trier X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Venier M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wagner CC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhaoyi Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2390-1368","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangdong Province Women and Children Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0493m8x04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Blum A"}],"datePublished":"2020-06-30","abstract":"This commentary presents a scientific basis for managing as one chemical class the thousands of chemicals known as PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances). The class includes perfluoroalkyl acids, perfluoroalkylether acids, and their precursors; fluoropolymers and perfluoropolyethers; and other PFAS. The basis for the class approach is presented in relation to their physicochemical, environmental, and toxicological properties. Specifically, the high persistence, accumulation potential, and/or hazards (known and potential) of PFAS studied to date warrant treating all PFAS as a single class. Examples are provided of how some PFAS are being regulated and how some businesses are avoiding all PFAS in their products and purchasing decisions. We conclude with options for how governments and industry can apply the class-based approach, emphasizing the importance of eliminating non-essential uses of PFAS, and further developing safer alternatives and methods to remove existing PFAS from the environment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environmental Science &amp; Technology Letters"}}},"pageStart":"532","pageEnd":"543","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.0c00255","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1021/acs.estlett.0c00255"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/deficits-in-bone-strength-density-and-microarchitecture-in-women-living-with-hiv-recg9gsdnqwglmzip/","name":"Deficits in bone strength, density and microarchitecture in women living with HIV: A cross-sectional HR-pQCT study","headline":"Deficits in bone strength, density and microarchitecture in women living with HIV: A cross-sectional HR-pQCT study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/deficits-in-bone-strength-density-and-microarchitecture-in-women-living-with-hiv-recg9gsdnqwglmzip/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Heather M. Macdonald","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3022-9223","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Family Practice, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 5950 University Blvd, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada; Centre for Hip Health and Mobility, Vancouver ..."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Evelyn J Maan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5930-3514","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"B.C. Women's Hospital & Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c4nx247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudie Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5499-2661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rachel A. Dunn","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hélène C F Côté","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0399-5141","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Health Research Institute, H214-4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia V6H 3N1, Canada; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Rm. G227 - 2211 Wesb...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0455vfz21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Melanie C M Murray","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9538-2758","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oak Tree Clinic, BC Women's Hospital and Health Centre, 4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 0A7, Canada; Women's Health Research Institute, H214-4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia V6...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0455vfz21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neora Pick","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4123-3698","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"B.C. Women's Hospital & Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c4nx247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2020-06-27","abstract":"Purpose: With the advent of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART), life expectancy has increased among persons living with HIV, but so too has risk for comorbidities including osteoporosis and fragility fracture. To explore whether HIV status and cART influence three-dimensional measures of BMD, bone microarchitecture and strength we aimed to compare these outcomes between women living with HIV (WLWH; n = 50; 50.4 ± 1.2 years, 44% postmenopausal) and without HIV (controls; n = 50; 51.8 ± 1.2 years, 52% postmenopausal).\n\nMethods: Outcomes were lumbar spine, total hip and femoral neck areal BMD by DXA; distal radius and tibia trabecular BMD, thickness and number, and cortical BMD and area by HR-pQCT; and finite element analysis-derived bone strength (failure load). Multivariable regression analysis compared bone outcomes between groups adjusting for known osteoporosis risk factors. Within WLWH, we examined associations between bone outcomes and HIV-related factors including disease severity and cART duration.\n\nResults: WLWH were diagnosed 20 ± 4 years ago, were on cART for 123 ± 37 months and 80% had HIV plasma viral load <40 copies/mL. For women ≥50 years (n = 61), total hip aBMD T-Score was lower among WLWH than controls. Adjusted distal radius trabecular BMD and thickness and distal tibia trabecular BMD and failure load were 8-19% lower in WLWH than controls (p < 0.05). Cortical BMD and area did not differ between groups at either site. Lifetime cART duration and current plasma viral load were not associated with bone outcomes in WLWH; however, previous treatment with tenofovir was negatively associated with distal radius trabecular BMD and trabecular number and LS aBMD T-score.\n\nConclusions: WLWH have compromised BMD, bone microarchitecture and strength vs. controls of similar age and reproductive status. Treatment with tenofovir may contribute to bone deficits in WLWH.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"138","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Bone"}},"pageStart":"115509","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2020.115509","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96772913"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.bone.2020.115509"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32599222"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q96772913"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nonsurgical-management-of-oligozoospermia-rec9tpwypkc8jfzqp/","name":"Nonsurgical Management of Oligozoospermia","headline":"Nonsurgical Management of Oligozoospermia","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nonsurgical-management-of-oligozoospermia-rec9tpwypkc8jfzqp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"John K Amory","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7419-435X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"General Department of Preventive Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ntrnw83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jeremy T Choy","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}}],"datePublished":"2020-06-26","abstract":"Male infertility secondary to oligozoospermia is surprisingly common. Although a majority of cases are idiopathic, oligozoospermia can be caused by endocrine dysfunction, anatomic abnormalities, medications, or environmental exposures. The work-up includes excluding reversible factors such as hormonal deficiency, medication effects, and retrograde ejaculation and identifying any underlying genetic syndrome and treating reversible medical causes. If no reversible cause is found, appropriate referrals to urology and assisted reproductive technology should be initiated. Lastly, clinicians should be aware of and respond to the psychological and general health ramifications of a diagnosis of oligozoospermia as part of the comprehensive care of men and couples struggling with a diagnosis of infertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"105","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"e4194-e4207","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgaa390","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96690434"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/clinem/dgaa390"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32583849"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q96690434"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstrual-cycle-length-and-patterns-in-a-global-cohort-of-women-using-a-mobile-p-7ashpwih/","name":"Menstrual Cycle Length and Patterns in a Global Cohort of Women Using a Mobile Phone App: Retrospective Cohort Study","headline":"Menstrual Cycle Length and Patterns in a Global Cohort of Women Using a Mobile Phone App: Retrospective Cohort Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstrual-cycle-length-and-patterns-in-a-global-cohort-of-women-using-a-mobile-p-7ashpwih/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Grieger JA","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1515-948X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert J Norman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5333-6451","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen Elizabeth Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x362k69"}}],"datePublished":"2020-06-24","abstract":"BACKGROUND: There is increasing information characterizing menstrual cycle length in women, but less information is available on the potential differences across lifestyle variables.\n\nOBJECTIVE: This study aimed to describe differences in menstrual cycle length, variability, and menstrual phase across women of different ages and BMI among a global cohort of Flo app users. We have also reported on demographic and lifestyle characteristics across median cycle lengths.\n\nMETHODS: The analysis was run based on the aggregated anonymized dataset from a menstrual cycle tracker and ovulation calendar that covers all phases of the reproductive cycle. Self-reported information is documented, including demographics, menstrual flow and cycle length, ovulation information, and reproductive health and diseases. Data from women aged ≥18 years and who had logged at least three cycles (ie, 2 completed cycles and 1 current cycle) in the Flo app were included (1,579,819 women).\n\nRESULTS: Of the 1.5 million users, approximately half (638,683/1,579,819, 40.42%) were aged between 18 and 24 years. Just over half of those reporting BMIs were in the normal range (18.5-24.9 kg/m2; 202,420/356,598, 56.76%) and one-third were overweight or obese (>25 kg/m2; 120,983/356,598, 33.93%). A total of 16.32% (257,889/1,579,819) of women had a 28-day median cycle length. There was a higher percentage of women aged ≥40 years who had a 27-day median cycle length than those aged between 18 and 24 years (22,294/120,612, 18.48% vs 60,870/637,601, 9.55%), but a lower percentage with a 29-day median cycle length (10,572/120,612, 8.77% vs 79,626/637,601, 12.49%). There were a higher number of cycles with short luteal phases in younger women, whereas women aged ≥40 years had a higher number of cycles with longer luteal phases. Median menstrual cycle length and the length of the follicular and luteal phases were not remarkably different with increasing BMI, except for the heaviest women at a BMI of ≥50 kg/m2.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: On a global scale, we have provided extensive evidence on the characteristics of women and their menstrual cycle length and patterns across different age and BMI groups. This information is necessary to support updates of current clinical guidelines around menstrual cycle length and patterns for clinical use in fertility programs.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of medical Internet research"}}},"pageStart":"e17109","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.2196/17109","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q95649320"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2196/17109"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32442161"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q95649320"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-progesterone-therapy-on-serum-sclerostin-levels-in-healthy-menopausal-recngvpp9zh7yveri/","name":"Effects of progesterone therapy on serum sclerostin levels in healthy menopausal  women: a 3-month randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial","headline":"Effects of progesterone therapy on serum sclerostin levels in healthy menopausal  women: a 3-month randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-progesterone-therapy-on-serum-sclerostin-levels-in-healthy-menopausal-recngvpp9zh7yveri/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Y. B. Yang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0954-3530","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Centre for Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation Research (CeMCOR), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dharani Kalidasan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8098-3435","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Azita Goshtasebi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine L Hitchcock","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation Research, Division of Endocrinology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A H van Lierop","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Leiden University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xvt9f17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yang Yang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6246-0999","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2020-06-22","abstract":"Sclerostin, a natural hormone made in bone, suppresses bone formation. Sclerostin is also decreased by estrogen. Progesterone, estrogen's menstrual partner, stimulates bone formation. It is unclear whether progesterone influences sclerostin. This study showed that progesterone did not change sclerostin using serum remaining from a randomized progesterone hot flush therapy trial.\nIntroduction: Progesterone and sclerostin are both endogenous hormones acting through osteoblast-origin cells and promote or suppress bone formation, respectively. Estradiol suppresses sclerostin, but progesterone, its menstrual cycle partner hormone, has unclear sclerostin relationships. We postulated that progesterone therapy would influence serum sclerostin levels.\n\nMethods: We obtained sclerostin levels for an ethics-approved post hoc analysis. Fasting sclerostin was measured in all remaining sera from a previous 12-week randomized controlled trial (RCT) of oral micronized progesterone (progesterone) for menopausal (> 1 year after last flow) vasomotor symptoms (VMS). Women in the RCT took 300 mg progesterone at bedtime or placebo (1:1) in a trial showing progesterone significantly decreased VMS.\n\nResults: Participants were healthy menopausal, primarily Caucasian (91.2%) community-dwelling women (± SD), 55.2 ± 4.6 years old with BMI 24.9 ± 2.9 kg/m(2). The baseline sclerostin level in 60 women was 28.41 ± 10.47 pmol/L. Baseline sclerostin was not correlated with the run-in VMS score (r = 0.143, P = 0.294). Paired baseline and 12-week RCT data for 52 women showed serum sclerostin levels did not change related to experimental therapy (P = 0.504). Changes in final sclerostin values adjusted for baseline were progesterone (- 1.07 ± 7.96 pmol/L) and placebo (- 2.64 ± 8.70 pmol/L). In observational data (n = 60), baseline sclerostin levels correlated with the General Framingham Cardiovascular (CVD) Risk score (r = - 0.398, P = 0.003) and self-reported health by SF-36 quality of life instrument (QoL, r = - 0.331, P = 0.016).\n\nConclusion: Physiological oral micronized progesterone did not stimulate nor suppress serum sclerostin levels based on post hoc analysis of RCT data. Exploratory results, however, showed sclerostin negatively correlated with CVD risk and QoL. ClinicalTrials.gov #NCT0146469.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"31","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Osteoporosis International : a Journal Established As Result of Cooperation  Between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis  Foundation of the USA"}}},"pageStart":"2243","pageEnd":"2250","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-020-05505-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96616978"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00198-020-05505-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32564093"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q96616978"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/strangers-in-a-strange-land-how-our-founding-principles-and-a-bitter-pill-undo-t-recpnwimbbg3kez7m/","name":"Strangers in a Strange Land: How Our Founding Principles and a Bitter Pill Undo  the Assimilation of US Catholics","headline":"Strangers in a Strange Land: How Our Founding Principles and a Bitter Pill Undo  the Assimilation of US Catholics","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/strangers-in-a-strange-land-how-our-founding-principles-and-a-bitter-pill-undo-t-recpnwimbbg3kez7m/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudia Sotomayor","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1086-522X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hjz7x27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Kevin Donovan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6115-7840","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}}],"datePublished":"2020-06-19","abstract":"Most Catholic physicians work with the comfortable assumption that we can practice our profession and our faith, fully assimilated into modern American culture and society. Increasingly, we have come to realize that to be a Catholic Christian is by nature to be countercultural. American culture, ordered by the founding fathers in concepts of liberty and freedom, has been profoundly affected by the introduction and reliance on a contraceptive pill. This has changed the mores and sexual behaviors of society in ways that are antithetical to Catholic values. The consequences of contraception have directly led to an acceptance of a broad number of behaviors and attitudes that society insists must be tolerated. This challenges the commitments of Catholic physicians both personally and professionally.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"87","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"131","pageEnd":"137","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/0024363919875383","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96439193"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/0024363919875383"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32549630"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q96439193"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/creating-catholic-regenerative-medicine-organizations-in-a-secular-biotechnology-rechmep6ogh9cemgo/","name":"Creating Catholic Regenerative Medicine Organizations in a Secular Biotechnology  Field: A Physician-Scientist Experience","headline":"Creating Catholic Regenerative Medicine Organizations in a Secular Biotechnology  Field: A Physician-Scientist Experience","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/creating-catholic-regenerative-medicine-organizations-in-a-secular-biotechnology-rechmep6ogh9cemgo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Alan Moy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1376-1864","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"John Paul II Medical Research Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jq3z767"}}],"datePublished":"2020-06-19","abstract":"One aspect of the progressive secularization of biotechnology is the use of the by-products from abortion and the use of human embryos. These morally illicit cells and tissue create a significant moral and economic challenge for Catholics at different stages of their career. A practicing Catholic physician or scientific professional will face the dilemma of how to reconcile their Catholic identity with their profession. While the Catechism is clear on what actions Catholics should not pursue, there has been less religious guidance on what activities Catholics should proactively pursue in their professional life to advance the Catholic culture. This essay will examine these themes through the lens of a true story of the author's experience in starting Catholic for-profit and nonprofit biotechnology organizations.\nSummary: Abortion and the destruction of human embryos create a moral dilemma for Catholics at different stages of a physician or scientist's career. A practicing Catholic physician or scientist must reconcile their Catholic identity with their profession. While there is little professional guidance on how to advance the culture, Jesus says that one must take up the cross and direct their God-given gifts towards His name. The only way to succeed and thrive in a secular healthcare environment is to emulate Jesus by putting aside their own self-interest; pray for courage against ridicule; accept risk; and pursue scientific and medical excellence.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"87","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"218","pageEnd":"222","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/0024363919890941","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96439223"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/0024363919890941"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32549639"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q96439223"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-prevalence-of-autoimmune-disorders-in-women-a-narrative-review-recc1qkahngwrdngq/","name":"The Prevalence of Autoimmune Disorders in Women: A Narrative Review","headline":"The Prevalence of Autoimmune Disorders in Women: A Narrative Review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-prevalence-of-autoimmune-disorders-in-women-a-narrative-review-recc1qkahngwrdngq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Tahir Mehmood Khan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0081-1957","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Franklin University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00a3sq030"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Azhar Hussain","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2900-3024","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Xavier University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f266q65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fariha Angum","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Avalon University School of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03paye555"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jasndeep Kaler","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Franklin University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00a3sq030"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lena Siddiqui","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Long Island University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0324fzh77"}}],"datePublished":"2020-06-17","abstract":"Autoimmune disorders are characterized as a condition in which the host's immune system mistakenly attacks itself. These disorders cause the immune system to cause a systemic reaction by attacking multiple organs or may be localized to attacking one specific organ, such as the skin. The exact mechanism of such autoimmune conditions is not well understood; however, the presumed mechanism tends to vary amongst the disorders. Autoimmune diseases present with a clear gender bias with a greater prevalence amongst women, occurring at a rate of 2 to 1. Many autoimmune disorders tend to affect women during periods of extensive stress, such as pregnancy, or during a great hormonal change. A far greater number of women are affected every year with autoimmune diseases, leading to researchers attempting to identify the underlying factors, which could be responsible for this disparity. Autoimmune disorders occur as a result of multiple factors as some disorders may be genetic, while others are sporadic. Throughout this review, various hypotheses are explored that provide insight into the increased susceptibility of autoimmune disorders within women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cureus"}}},"pageStart":"e8094","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.8094","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96432363"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.7759/cureus.8094"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32542149"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q96432363"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/welldifferentiated-papillary-mesothelioma-of-the-peritoneum-is-genetically-disti-gacvzggx/","name":"Well-Differentiated Papillary Mesothelioma of the Peritoneum Is Genetically Distinct from Malignant Mesothelioma","headline":"Well-Differentiated Papillary Mesothelioma of the Peritoneum Is Genetically Distinct from Malignant Mesothelioma","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/welldifferentiated-papillary-mesothelioma-of-the-peritoneum-is-genetically-disti-gacvzggx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Shrestha R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nabavi N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Volik S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anderson S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Haegert A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"McConeghy B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sar F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brahmbhatt S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bell R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Le Bihan S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yuanyuan Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7687-7816","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"City of Hope","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01z1vct10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Collins C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Churg A"}],"datePublished":"2020-06-13","abstract":"Well-differentiated papillary mesothelioma (WDPM) is an uncommon mesothelial  proliferation that is most commonly encountered as an incidental finding in the  peritoneal cavity. There is controversy in the literature about whether WDPM is  a neoplasm or a reactive process and, if neoplastic, whether it is a variant or  precursor of epithelial malignant mesothelioma or is a different entity. Using  whole exome sequencing of five WDPMs of the peritoneum, we have identified  distinct mutations in EHD1, ATM, FBXO10, SH2D2A, CDH5, MAGED1, and TP73 shared  by WDPM cases but not reported in malignant mesotheliomas. Furthermore, we show  that WDPM is strongly enriched with C > A transversion substitution mutations, a  pattern that is also not found in malignant mesotheliomas. The WDPMs lacked the  alterations involving BAP1, SETD2, NF2, CDKN2A/B, LASTS1/2, PBRM1, and SMARCC1  that are frequently found in malignant mesotheliomas. We conclude that WDPMs are  neoplasms that are genetically distinct from malignant mesotheliomas and, based  on observed mutations, do not appear to be precursors of malignant  mesotheliomas.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cancers (Basel)"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12061568","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96429267"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/cancers12061568"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32545767"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q96429267"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometrial-decidualization-the-primary-driver-of-pregnancy-health-reczswfor55firfun/","name":"Endometrial Decidualization: The Primary Driver of Pregnancy Health","headline":"Endometrial Decidualization: The Primary Driver of Pregnancy Health","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometrial-decidualization-the-primary-driver-of-pregnancy-health-reczswfor55firfun/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Shu-Wing Ng","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6814-0825","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tufts University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05wvpxv85"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gabriella A Norwitz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9478-148X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Michigan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carlos Simón","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5453-9659","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04drvxt59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Errol R Norwitz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4643-1546","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mihaela Pavlicev","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8439-9351","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Vienna","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03prydq77"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tamara Tilburgs","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01hcyya48"}}],"datePublished":"2020-06-12","abstract":"Interventions to prevent pregnancy complications have been largely unsuccessful. We suggest this is because the foundation for a healthy pregnancy is laid prior to the establishment of the pregnancy at the time of endometrial decidualization. Humans are one of only a few mammalian viviparous species in which decidualization begins during the latter half of each menstrual cycle and is therefore independent of the conceptus. Failure to adequately prepare (decidualize) the endometrium hormonally, biochemically, and immunologically in anticipation of the approaching blastocyst-including the downregulation of genes involved in the proinflammatory response and resisting tissue invasion along with the increased expression of genes that promote angiogenesis, foster immune tolerance, and facilitate tissue invasion-leads to abnormal implantation/placentation and ultimately to adverse pregnancy outcome. We hypothesize, therefore, that the primary driver of pregnancy health is the quality of the soil, not the seed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"}}},"pageStart":"E4092","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21114092","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96294738"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/ijms21114092"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32521725"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q96294738"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/microfiber-release-from-real-soiled-consumer-laundry-and-the-impact-of-fabric-ca-trpnxbeg/","name":"Microfiber release from real soiled consumer laundry and the impact of fabric care products and washing conditions","headline":"Microfiber release from real soiled consumer laundry and the impact of fabric care products and washing conditions","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/microfiber-release-from-real-soiled-consumer-laundry-and-the-impact-of-fabric-ca-trpnxbeg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lant NJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hayward AS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peththawadu MMD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sheridan KJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dean JR"}],"datePublished":"2020-06-05","abstract":"Fiber release during domestic textile washing is a cause of marine microplastic pollution, but better understanding of the magnitude of the issue and role of fabric care products, appliances and washing cycles is needed. Soiled consumer wash loads from U.K. households were found to release a mean of 114 ± 66.8 ppm (mg microfiber per kg fabric) (n = 79) fibers during typical washing conditions and these were mainly composed of natural fibers. Microfiber release decreased with increasing wash load size and hence decreasing water to fabric ratio, with mean microfiber release from wash loads in the mass range 1.0-3.5 kg (n = 57) found to be 132.4 ± 68.6 ppm, significantly (p = 3.3 x 10-8) higher than the 66.3 ± 27.0 ppm of those in the 3.5-6.0 kg range (n = 22). In further tests with similar soiled consumer wash loads, moving to colder and quicker washing cycles (i.e. 15°C for 30 mins, as opposed to 40°C for 85 mins) significantly reduced microfiber generation by 30% (p = 0.036) and reduced whiteness loss by 42% (p = 0.000) through reduced dye transfer and soil re-deposition, compared to conventional 40°C cycles. In multicycle technical testing, detergent pods were selected for investigation and found to have no impact on microfiber release compared to washing in water alone. Fabric softeners were also found to have no direct impact on microfiber release in testing under both European and North American washing conditions. Extended testing of polyester fleece garments up to a 48-wash cycle history under European conditions found that microfiber release significantly reduced to a consistent low level of 28.7 ± 10.9 ppm from eight through 64 washes. Emerging North American High-Efficiency top-loading washing machines generated significantly lower microfiber release than traditional top-loading machines, likely due to their lower water fill volumes and hence lower water to fabric ratio, with a 69.7% reduction observed for polyester fleece (n = 32, p = 7.9 x 10-6) and 37.4% reduction for polyester T-shirt (n = 32, p = 0.0032). These results conclude that consumers can directly reduce the levels of microfibers generated per wash during domestic textile washing by using colder and quicker wash cycles, washing complete (but not overfilled) loads, and (in North America) converting to High-Efficiency washing machines. Moving to colder and quicker cycles will also indirectly reduce microfiber release by extending the lifetime of clothing, leading to fewer new garments being purchased and hence lower incidence of the high microfiber release occurring during the first few washes of a new item.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"PLOS ONE"}}},"pageStart":"e0233332","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0233332","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96164959"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1371/journal.pone.0233332"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q96164959"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dhea-in-bone-the-role-in-osteoporosis-and-fracture-healing-nrnfpx47/","name":"DHEA in bone: the role in osteoporosis and fracture healing","headline":"DHEA in bone: the role in osteoporosis and fracture healing","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dhea-in-bone-the-role-in-osteoporosis-and-fracture-healing-nrnfpx47/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kirby DJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Buchalter DB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anil U"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leucht P"}],"datePublished":"2020-06-05","abstract":"Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is a metabolic intermediate in the biosynthesis of estrogens and androgens with a past clouded in controversy and bold claims. It was once touted as a wonder drug, a fountain of youth that could cure all ailments. However, in the 1980s DHEA was banned by the FDA given a lack of documented health benefits and long-term use data. DHEA had a revival in 1994 when it was released for open market sale as a nutritional supplement under the Dietary Supplement Health and Safety Act. Since that time, there has been encouraging research on the hormone, including randomized controlled trials and subsequent meta-analyses on various conditions that DHEA may benefit. Bone health has been of particular interest, as many of the metabolites of DHEA are known to be involved in bone homeostasis, specifically estrogen and testosterone. Studies demonstrate a significant association between DHEA and increased bone mineral density, likely due to DHEA's ability to increase osteoblast activity and insulin like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) expression. Interestingly, IGF-1 is also known to improve fracture healing, though DHEA, a potent stimulator of IGF-1, has never been tested in this scenario. The aim of this review is to discuss the history and mechanisms of DHEA as they relate to the skeletal system, and to evaluate if DHEA has any role in treating fractures.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Archives of osteoporosis"}}},"pageStart":"84","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s11657-020-00755-y","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96172658"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s11657-020-00755-y"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32504237"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q96172658"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-treatment-2018-trends-and-figures-recwughjkjqwbbdce/","name":"Fertility Treatment 2018: Trends and Figures","headline":"Fertility Treatment 2018: Trends and Figures","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-treatment-2018-trends-and-figures-recwughjkjqwbbdce/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority"}],"datePublished":"2020-06-01","abstract":"# Fertility treatment 2018: trends and figures\n**UK statistics for IVF and DI treatment, storage, and donation**\nPublished: 30 June 2020\nFertility trends is our annual statistical release. The key findings are published on this page with a statistical appendix available for download.\n[**Download the underlying data set in .xlsx (151kb)**](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/media/3293/underlying-data-tables-fertility-trends-2018.xlsx \"download the data as .xlsx\").\n[**Download a PDF version of this report (1.04mb)**](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/media/3158/fertility-treatment-2018-trends-and-figures.pdf \"Fertility treatment 2018: trends and figures\").\n## Table of contents\n- [Main points](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/fertility-treatment-2018-trends-and-figures/#mainpoints)\n- [Section 1. IVF birth rates have increased for patients under 43 years](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/fertility-treatment-2018-trends-and-figures/#birthrates)\n- [Section 2. Birth rates were above 20% per embryo transferred on average in the first three cycles](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/fertility-treatment-2018-trends-and-figures/#birthrates2)\n- [Section 3. Using donor eggs can result in high birth rates for older patients, but they are not widely used](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/fertility-treatment-2018-trends-and-figures/#donoreggs)\n- [Section 4. The multiple birth rate decreased further to 8% in 2018](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/fertility-treatment-2018-trends-and-figures/#multiplebirths)\n- [Section 5. Transferring more than one embryo could result in a multiple birth rate over 30%](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/fertility-treatment-2018-trends-and-figures/#multiplebirths2)\n- [Section 6. Embryo and egg storage have increased as freezing becomes more common](https://www.hfea...","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-breastfeeding-and-ovarian-cancer-risk-ysif6lhc/","name":"Association Between Breastfeeding and Ovarian Cancer Risk","headline":"Association Between Breastfeeding and Ovarian Cancer Risk","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-breastfeeding-and-ovarian-cancer-risk-ysif6lhc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Babic A, Sasamoto N, Rosner BA, Tworoger SS, Jordan SJ, Risch HA, Harris HR, Rossing MA, Doherty JA, Fortner RT, Chang-Claude J, Goodman MT, Thompson PJ, Moysich KB, Ness RB, Kjaer SK, Jensen A, Schildkraut JM, Titus LJ, Cramer DW, Bandera EV, Qin B, Sieh W, McGuire V, Sutphen R, Pearce CL, Wu AH, Pike M, Webb PM, Modugno F, Terry KL"}],"datePublished":"2020-06-01","abstract":"IMPORTANCE: Breastfeeding has been associated with a reduced risk of epithelial ovarian cancer in multiple studies, but others showed no association. Whether risk reduction extends beyond that provided by pregnancy alone or differs by histotype is unclear. Furthermore, the observed associations between duration and timing of breastfeeding with ovarian cancer risk have been inconsistent.\n\nOBJECTIVE: To determine the association between breastfeeding (ie, ever/never, duration, timing) and ovarian cancer risk overall and by histotype.\n\nDESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A pooled analysis of parous women with ovarian cancer and controls from 13 case-control studies participating in the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium was performed. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs of the overall association were calculated using multivariable logistic regression and polytomous logistic regression for histotype-specific associations. All data were collected from individual sites from November 1989 to December 2009, and analysis took place from September 2017 to July 2019.\n\nEXPOSURES: Data on breastfeeding history, including duration per child breastfed, age at first and last breastfeeding, and years since last breastfeeding were collected by questionnaire or interview and was harmonized across studies.\n\nMAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Diagnosis of epithelial ovarian cancer.\n\nRESULTS: A total of 9973 women with ovarian cancer (mean [SD] age, 57.4 [11.1] years) and 13 843 controls (mean [SD] age, 56.4 [11.7] years) were included. Breastfeeding was associated with a 24% lower risk of invasive ovarian cancer (odds ratio [OR], 0.76; 95% CI, 0.71-0.80). Independent of parity, ever having breastfed was associated with reduction in risk of all invasive ovarian cancers, particularly high-grade serous and endometrioid cancers. For a single breastfeeding episode, mean breastfeeding duration of 1 to 3 months was associated with 18% lower risk (OR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.76-0.88), and breastfeeding for 12 or more months was associated with a 34% lower risk (OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.58-0.75). More recent breastfeeding was associated with a reduction in risk (OR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.47-0.66 for <10 years) that persisted for decades (OR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.77-0.90 for ≥30 years; P for trend = .02).\n\nCONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Breastfeeding is associated with a significant decrease in risk of ovarian cancer overall and for the high-grade serous subtype, the most lethal type of ovarian cancer. The findings suggest that breastfeeding is a potentially modifiable factor that may lower risk of ovarian cancer independent of pregnancy alone.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA oncology"}}},"pageStart":"e200421","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoncol.2020.0421","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90838154"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jamaoncol.2020.0421"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32239218"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q90838154"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/systematic-review-of-postfertilization-effects-and-potential-for-embryo-formatio-rec0rfrgkec2luqbu/","name":"Systematic Review of Postfertilization Effects and Potential for Embryo Formation and Loss during the Use of Intrauterine Devices","headline":"Systematic Review of Postfertilization Effects and Potential for Embryo Formation and Loss during the Use of Intrauterine Devices","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/systematic-review-of-postfertilization-effects-and-potential-for-embryo-formatio-rec0rfrgkec2luqbu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cara Buskmiller","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1313-1192","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women’s Health, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Donna Harrison","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gt45789"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lester Ruppersberger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Medical Association","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02se5xj66"}}],"datePublished":"2020-05-21","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: This review sought to evaluate the evidence for embryo formation during intrauterine device (IUD) use, to articulate how often embryo loss occurs in well-designed studies, and to comment on other bodies of literature suggestive of postfertilization mechanisms of action of IUDs.\n\nMETHODS: The MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Ovid databases were searched for English-language studies of markers of pregnancy in IUD users in May 2018. Studies of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) were subjected to quality assessment based on the US Preventive Services Task Force quality tool. Bias of studies assessing pregnancy in other ways was assessed on a study-to-study basis.\n\nRESULTS: In all, 1,073 studies were identified and 138 were read in detail. Twenty-three studies of β-hCG, 4 studies of direct observation of embryos in fallopian tubes, 2 studies of pregnancy-specific binding globulin (PSBG), and 1 study of heat-shock protein 10 (Hsp10) or chaperonin 10 were included. In all studies considered together, 7.3 percent of IUD users had evidence of fertilization and pregnancy failure. In good-quality studies, 4.5 percent had evidence of fertilization and pregnancy failure.\n\nDISCUSSION: There are no randomized trials of embryo formation and loss in IUD users compared with noncontracepting controls. Studies of β-hCG span a large spectrum of quality, but several good-quality studies exist, which support embryo formation and loss in IUD users. Evidence of embryos found in tubes is moderate and evidence of PSBG and Hsp10 elaboration was limited, but these are also concerning for embryo formation and loss.\n\nCONCLUSION: There is good-quality evidence of embryo formation and loss in IUD users. Studies are inconsistent, and the stated conclusions of several papers inaccurately diminish postfertilization evidence of embryo formation. To better assess the rate of embryo loss in IUD users compared with non-users, future research should include well-designed prospective trials and less subjective assessments of embryos in fallopian tubes.\n\nSUMMARY: A systematic review was carried out examining the English-language literature in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Ovid databases for evidence of embryo formation and loss during IUD use. In all, 1,073 studies were identified and 138 were read. There are no randomized trials and evidence ranges in quality, but evidence for the embryo formation and loss in 4.5 percent of IUD users exists in good-quality research. Further research is needed to compare embryo loss in IUD users to loss in controls.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"87","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"60","pageEnd":"77","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/0024363919854289","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q95289098"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/0024363919854289"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32431449"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q95289098"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-comparison-of-user-behaviors-for-a-fertility-tracking-app-does-training-in-an--recf9jfedgl4cx7h4/","name":"A Comparison of User Behaviors for a Fertility-Tracking App: Does Training in an  NFP Method Improve Persistence and Use?","headline":"A Comparison of User Behaviors for a Fertility-Tracking App: Does Training in an  NFP Method Improve Persistence and Use?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-comparison-of-user-behaviors-for-a-fertility-tracking-app-does-training-in-an--recf9jfedgl4cx7h4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael D Manhart","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1727-1846","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"RTI International","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052tfza37"}}],"datePublished":"2020-05-21","abstract":"This study explores differences in the use of CycleProGo™ (CPG), a fertility-tracking app developed by Couple to Couple League (CCL), between those exposed to it as a part of natural family planning (NFP) instruction versus those who find it on their own. An anonymous data set of 17,543 CPG accounts opened between April 2013 and June 2016 was used for analysis. Nonmember users opened the most accounts (58 percent, n = 10,134), CCL members represented 38 percent (n = 6,758) of new accounts, and 207 CCL teachers (4 percent) were using CPG for personal charting. Significantly more nonmember accounts had zero days of use after the initial opening compared to CCL member accounts (61 percent vs. 23 percent, respectively, χ(2) = 2,405.9, p < .001). Conversely, significantly more CCL member accounts were used for ninety days or longer than nonmember accounts (47 percent vs. 13 percent, respectively, χ(2) = 2,404.2, p < .001). CCL students-those who began using the app as part of a formal NFP teaching curriculum-were more likely to use the app for > six cycles compared to nonmembers. In accounts with at least one complete cycle, CCL students were the most diligent at daily recording (95 percent of cycle days with observation recorded) followed by CCL members (88 percent) and nonmembers (76 percent). CCL teachers had the lowest frequency of cycle days with a recorded observation (73 percent). Within each cohort, accounts with > six recorded cycles had a lower proportion of cycle days with an observation recorded, likely reflecting increasing knowledge of their personal fertility patterns. Long-term users who had no known formal training in NFP still had the lowest proportion cycle days with a fertility observation. We conclude formal NFP instruction increases the probability of long-term app use, and regardless of training, long-term users will likely record observations on about 70 percent of cycle days.\nSummary: \"CycleProGo™ users with NFP training were more persistent and diligent about daily data input than those without training.\"","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"87","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"53","pageEnd":"59","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/0024363919870435","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q95289092"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/0024363919870435"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32431448"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q95289092"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-identification-of-postovulation-infertility-with-the-measurement-of-early-lu-recad1q3vueuhqgsl/","name":"The Identification of Postovulation Infertility with the Measurement of Early  Luteal Phase (Peak Day +3) Progesterone Production","headline":"The Identification of Postovulation Infertility with the Measurement of Early  Luteal Phase (Peak Day +3) Progesterone Production","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-identification-of-postovulation-infertility-with-the-measurement-of-early-lu-recad1q3vueuhqgsl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute for Human Reproduction","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2020-05-21","abstract":"This study reports on 632 cycles from 105 women who were using the CREIGHTON MODEL FertilityCare™ System to avoid pregnancy and had either a serious reason to avoid pregnancy or some degree of a lack of confidence. A progesterone level was drawn on the third day after the Peak Day as they were charting, and if the progesterone level was 2.3 ng/mL or greater, then ovulation was determined to have passed. If the level was greater than 3.0 ng/mL, this indicated that an absolute period of infertility had begun. In these cases, no pregnancies were observed. In the 27 cycles in which a specific follow-up relative to pregnancy could not be definitively determined, the progesterone levels in all cases were 2.3 ng/mL or greater with 23 of the 27 cycles being 3.1 ng/mL or greater. It is highly unlikely that any of those became pregnant as well. These cycles were collected over thirteen years (2004-2016). Two case presentations are also a part of this article of two families in which the couples had very serious reasons to avoid pregnancy. In these two couples, each of the women was multi-gravid and had no evidence of subfertility or infertility. They used the family planning progesterone level (the Peak Day +3 progesterone level) for a total of 167 cycles over a number of years successfully without a subsequent pregnancy.\nSummary: This article presents a thirteen-year effort to evaluate the serum progesterone level on the third day after the Peak Day as observed by women charting the CREIGHTON MODEL FertilityCare™ System. It is known that the Peak Day is associated with ovulation, and if the progesterone reaches a certain level, then an absolute period of infertility should follow. In fact, this is what this study reflects.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"87","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"78","pageEnd":"84","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/0024363919885551","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q95289103"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/0024363919885551"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32431450"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q95289103"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/elevated-plasma-oxytocin-levels-and-higher-satisfaction-with-life-in-young-oral-contraceptive-users-recmo8mnsatua8ryq/","name":"Elevated plasma oxytocin levels and higher satisfaction with life in young oral contraceptive users","headline":"Elevated plasma oxytocin levels and higher satisfaction with life in young oral contraceptive users","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/elevated-plasma-oxytocin-levels-and-higher-satisfaction-with-life-in-young-oral-contraceptive-users-recmo8mnsatua8ryq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Paul J Zak","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4563-8406","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Claremont Graduate University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0157pnt69"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael Winterdahl","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8790-7574","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aarhus University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01aj84f44"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Helle Degnbol","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aarhus University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01aj84f44"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Benjamin Garforth","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aarhus University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01aj84f44"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elizabeth T Terris","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Claremont Graduate University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0157pnt69"}}],"datePublished":"2020-05-19","abstract":"Oral contraception (OC) is used by approximately fifty-five million women in the USA alone and is listed as an essential medicine by the World Health Organisation. Altered mood is a common reason for OC cessation. Here we investigate the effects of OC on hormones that are linked to mood. We obtained blood samples from 185 young women (average age 21.2) in two cohorts and tested the effects of OC on plasma levels of oxytocin, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), estradiol, progesterone and testosterone. We related plasma hormone levels with self-reported measures of mood, well-being and depression. OC-users in both cohorts showed elevated basal oxytocin, lower ACTH, estradiol, progesterone and testosterone compared with non-OC users. Satisfaction With Life Score (SWLS) was higher in OC -users compared to non-OC users, with no differences in the Beck Depression Score (BDI) and Positive And Negative Affect Schedule (PANES). In conclusion, our data show alterations in hormone levels and SWLS in response to OC.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Scientific reports"}}},"pageStart":"8208","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-64528-w","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q95301908"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/s41598-020-64528-w"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32427955"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q95301908"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/innate-nature-and-complete-nature-the-catholic-natural-family-planning-program-a-recl4jymkxitoytz1/","name":"'Innate Nature' and 'Complete Nature': The Catholic Natural Family Planning  Program and the Competition of Natural Methods in Mid-1970s Korea","headline":"'Innate Nature' and 'Complete Nature': The Catholic Natural Family Planning  Program and the Competition of Natural Methods in Mid-1970s Korea","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/innate-nature-and-complete-nature-the-catholic-natural-family-planning-program-a-recl4jymkxitoytz1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunjune Park","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1188-3122","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Seungmann PARK","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1340-2968"}],"datePublished":"2020-05-19","abstract":"This article reviews the competition of two natural family planning methods in the mid-1970s when the Catholic Natural Family Planning program was underway in Korea. The Catholic Church, emphasizing the natural law, has recommended Natural Family Planning (NFP), a method of regulating childbirth by abstinence during the fertile period, since the mid-twentieth century. However, a group of gynecologists working at St. Mary's Hospital, a Catholic general hospital in Korea, questioned the utility of NFP. As an alternative, they proposed the method of Ovulation Regulation (OR), which regulates the menstrual cycle by inducing ovulation with steroids agents. This seemed to be no different than contraception with oral contraceptives disapproved of by the Catholic Church, but many doctors who advocated OR thought that this could be a new 'natural' family planning method to replace NFP. What is noteworthy here is the fact that not only NFP advocates, but also OR advocates attempted to justify their methods based on the authority of the 'nature.' In the debate over natural family planning methods, nature's legitimacy was given premise, not the object of doubt. Rather, the issue was the definition of nature. First, 'nature' in NFP signifies 'innate nature,' which excludes human intervention. According to this point of view, OR with steroids agents could not be natural. On the contrary, a group of doctors who advocated OR considered nature 'primal completeness.' If the natural order of the menstrual cycle could be restored, the artificial intervention of the administration of steroids was not a problem. Thus, both groups defended their arguments by redefining nature, rather than raising an issue of nature itself. The competition between 'innate nature' and 'complete nature,' a proxy war between NFP and OR, resulted in the victory of the former as the meaning of nature became fixed. Advocates of NFP pointed out that OR inhibits other physiological functions in the process of inducing ovulation, suggesting that the idea of 'complete nature' could never be achieved. The meaning of nature could no longer be controversial. Since the intervention was unnatural, nature meant innateness, the absence of intervention. Accordingly, the Catholic Bishops of Korea approved the Billings Method, a kind of the NFP, as the official family planning method, and gynecologists at St. Mary's Hospital of Korea also focused on the development and supplementation of the Billings Method. In short, the debate over the methods of natural family planning in mid1970s Korea was a clash of 'innate nature' and 'complete nature.' As a result, this confirmed the limitations of medical practice and reconfirmed the power of magisterium, the church's authority over medical practice.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"29","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Ui Sahak"}}},"pageStart":"81","pageEnd":"120","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.13081/kjmh.2020.29.81","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94957170"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.13081/kjmh.2020.29.81"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32418977"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q94957170"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/persistent-organic-pollutant-exposure-and-celiac-disease-a-pilot-study-rec2c7cvgemsbctvz/","name":"Persistent organic pollutant exposure and celiac disease: A pilot study","headline":"Persistent organic pollutant exposure and celiac disease: A pilot study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/persistent-organic-pollutant-exposure-and-celiac-disease-a-pilot-study-rec2c7cvgemsbctvz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Abigail Gaylord","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5859-6359","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"New York University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0190ak572"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leonardo Trasande","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1928-597X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Michigan State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kurunthachalam Kannan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1926-7456","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"New York State Department of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04hf5kq57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Katherine K. Thomas","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7024-468X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Clinical Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ddkvp86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunmi Lee","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3814-6967","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NYU Langone Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/005dvqh91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mengling Liu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4861-9247","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"New York University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0190ak572"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jeremiah Levine","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8326-3724","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"New York University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0190ak572"}}],"datePublished":"2020-05-16","abstract":"Celiac disease affects approximately 1% of the population worldwide. Little is known about environmental factors that may modulate risk in genetically susceptible populations. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are known endocrine disruptors and, given the interplay between the endocrine and immune systems, are plausible contributors to celiac disease. The current study aims to elucidate the association between POPs and celiac disease. We conducted a single-site pilot study of 88 patients recruited from NYU Langone's Hassenfeld Children's Hospital outpatient clinic, 30 of which were subsequently diagnosed with celiac disease using standard serology and duodenal biopsy examination. Polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDEs), perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), and p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) and HLA-DQ genotype category were measured in blood serum and whole blood, respectively. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to obtain odds ratios for celiac disease associated with serum POP concentrations. Controlling for sex, race, age, BMI, and genetic susceptibility score, patients with higher serum DDE concentrations had 2-fold higher odds of celiac disease (95% CI: 1.08, 3.84). After stratifying by sex, we found higher odds of celiac disease in females with serum concentrations of DDE (OR = 13.0, 95% CI = 1.54, 110), PFOS (OR = 12.8, 95% CI = 1.17, 141), perfluorooctanoic acid (OR = 20.6, 95% CI = 1.13, 375) and in males with serum BDE153, a PBDE congener (OR = 2.28, 95% CI = 1.01, 5.18). This is the first study to report on celiac disease with POP exposure in children. These findings raise further questions of how environmental chemicals may affect autoimmunity in genetically susceptible individuals.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"186","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environmental Research"}},"pageStart":"109439","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2020.109439","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94682916"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.envres.2020.109439"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32409013"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q94682916"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/depression-anxiety-and-associated-factors-among-housemaids-working-in-addis-abab-recfgdeh0pfszkxwu/","name":"Depression, anxiety and associated factors among housemaids working in Addis  Ababa Ethiopia","headline":"Depression, anxiety and associated factors among housemaids working in Addis  Ababa Ethiopia","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/depression-anxiety-and-associated-factors-among-housemaids-working-in-addis-abab-recfgdeh0pfszkxwu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Alem Ejigu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8794-858X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"All Africa Leprosy Tuberculosis and Rehabilitation Training Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02v05yj51"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mahlet GebreLibanos","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Addis Ababa University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/038b8e254"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tolesa F Jilcha","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5616-4480","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Addis Ababa University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/038b8e254"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yodit Bezabih","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Addis Ababa University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/038b8e254"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zahra R Seraj","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Addis Ababa University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/038b8e254"}}],"datePublished":"2020-05-15","abstract":"Background: Housemaids are part of women with low socioeconomic status and most of them are migrant from rural to central part of Ethiopia, less educated, either with poor, separated, single or divorced family and/or dead parents. Housemaid may experience problems like depression and anxiety more than other groups of women. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the magnitude and determinants of those problems among housemaids.\n\nObjective: To assess the magnitude and determinants of depression & anxiety among housemaids in Addis Ababa; Ethiopia; 2018.\n\nMethods: Community based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 1 to August 30, 2018 among housemaids working in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Multistage sampling technique was applied with a total of 826 samples. Quantitative data was employed by using structured questionnaires. The collected data was coded, entered in to Epi-Info version 7 and analyzed by using SPSS version 20. Descriptive, analytical statistical procedures; bivariate and multivariate binary logistic regressions with odds ratios and 95% confidence interval was employed. The statistical significance was declared at p value < 0.05.\n\nResults: This study enrolled 862 participants with response rate 99.5%, 99.5% refers to the number of people who actually completed the interview. The result showed prevalence of depression and anxiety among housemaids 27.5% and 32.3% respectively. Among all participants 44.6% (95% CI= 41.0 - 47.9) have mild, 18.5% (95% CI= 15.7 - 21.2) have moderate and 6.1% (95% CI= 4.5 - 7.8) have severe form of comorbid anxiety with depression. Depression (44.9%) and anxiety (41.9%) found more prevalent among the age group 16 to 20. In this study history of parental divorce, participant's divorce, physical violence and sexual violence are positively associated. Other factors; being less educated and living with relatives; were associated negatively.\n\nConclusion: The prevalence of Depression and Anxiety is found high among housemaid; its prevalence is more among age group 16 to 20 than other age groups. Violence, participant's divorce, history of parental divorce and contraceptive use has positively associated with depression and anxiety.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"20","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMC Psychiatry"}}},"pageStart":"231","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-020-02638-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94668171"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s12888-020-02638-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32404071"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q94668171"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mon-lb9-cyclic-progesterone-therapy-in-androgenic-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-pcos-person-related-6-month-experience-changes-recpik4747cxqfoiv/","name":"MON-LB9 Cyclic Progesterone Therapy in Androgenic Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) - Person-Related 6-Month Experience Changes","headline":"MON-LB9 Cyclic Progesterone Therapy in Androgenic Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) - Person-Related 6-Month Experience Changes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mon-lb9-cyclic-progesterone-therapy-in-androgenic-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-pcos-person-related-6-month-experience-changes-recpik4747cxqfoiv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Azita Goshtasebi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maryam Hajjaran","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dharani Kalidasan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8098-3435","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Faye Murray","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2662-640X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sonia Shirin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7866-3419","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2020-05-08","abstract":"Endometrial cancer1 and oligomenorrhea2 are common risks for women living with androgenic PCOS (WLWP); cyclic progesterone therapy could prevent both. Cyclic oral micronized progesterone therapy (Cyclic OMP; 300 mg at hs/14 days/cycle) also corrects the neuroendocrine origins of PCOS3. Although vaginal progesterone is used in PCOS ovulation induction 4, and short Cyclic OMP decreases LH and/or Testosterone 5,6, no WLWP person-level prospective data with Cyclic OMP therapy are published.\nA WLWP, aged 31, BMI 20.1, with heavy flow and slightly irregular \\~35-day cycles, was unable to tolerate birth control pills. She was prescribed Cyclic OMP (300 mg/h.s. cycle days 14-27)7. She began keeping the Menstrual Cycle Diary© (Diary), a 19-item tool (scored 0-4), during her 1st Cyclic OMP cycle and took no other therapy. This pilot study was designed to understand Cyclic OMP-related experience changes in Wlwp: 1) by documenting experience changes on the 1st to the 6th complete Diary; and 2) by assessing follicular phase changes in baseline data (no Rx) vs. cycles 3 and 6. We entered data from six consecutive Diaries into an SPSS (Version 24) database. Analysis #1 used Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Tests (for within-person ordinal data) and #2 repeated measures ANOVA. Research question: What Cyclic OMP-related experience changes occurred for a WLWP? On Cyclic OMP, she spontaneously reported improvements in aching joints, sleep and GI problems. We assessed selected, potentially E2-related Diary changes: flow, fluid retention, breast tenderness, stretchy cervical mucus and anxiety. Cyclic OMP was associated with shorter cycle lengths of 28.17+/-0.8 days. Fluid retention (P=0.000), mucus (P=0.048), and breast tenderness (P=0.000) all decreased, but anxiety and flow were unchanged. Follicular phase only fluid retention significantly decreased (F (1.2, 14.7) = 6.7, P =0.017).\nAlthough open-label, these prospective analyses suggest that Cyclic OMP, alone, is related to short-term benefits in androgenic PCOS. Prospective studies and controlled comparative trials of this innovative “luteal phase replacement” PCOS therapy are needed. Reference:1Barry J Hum Reprod Update 2014 20:748. 2Azziz R Nat Rev Dis Primers 2016;2:16057. 3Blank S Hum Reprod Update 2006;12:351. 4Montville C Fertil Steril 2010;94:678. 5Livadas S Fertil Steril 2010;94:242. 6Bagis T J Clin Endocr Met 2002;87:4536. 7Prior J https://hellocluecom/articles/cycle-a-z/the-case-for-a-new-pcos-therapy 2018","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"Supplement_1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of the Endocrine Society"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvaa046.2332","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jendso/bvaa046.2332"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mon-lb010-cyclic-progesterone-therapy-for-androgenic-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-pcos-a-systematic-review-of-the-literature-rec1xuvxuqw7mvbac/","name":"MON-LB010 Cyclic Progesterone Therapy for Androgenic Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) - A Systematic Review of the Literature","headline":"MON-LB010 Cyclic Progesterone Therapy for Androgenic Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) - A Systematic Review of the Literature","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mon-lb010-cyclic-progesterone-therapy-for-androgenic-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-pcos-a-systematic-review-of-the-literature-rec1xuvxuqw7mvbac/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Azita Goshtasebi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dharani Kalidasan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8098-3435","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sonia Shirin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7866-3419","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2020-05-08","abstract":"Women living with androgenic PCOS (WLWP) experience unpredictable oligomenorrhea1 and are at increased risk for endometrial cancer2. Oral micronized progesterone (OMP) given cyclically (14 days/cycle or 4 weeks, Cyclic OMP), in luteal phase doses3 (300 mg at bedtime) as a “luteal phase replacement” therapy would be likely to effectively treat both. In addition, evidence suggests PCOS is causally related to rapid pulsing of GnRH and LH 4; OMP normalizes LH pulsatility if androgen levels are not elevated 4. Previous searches did not find progesterone therapy for PCOS 5. Our research question: Does the peer-reviewed literature provide evidence for prescribing cyclic progesterone therapy in PCOS? Literature search methods used Medline (Ovid) and PubMed for published articles. Our search terms were: “polycystic ovary syndrome”, “androgenic PCOS”, and, “micronized progesterone.” We sought publications with eligible women participants having androgenic PCOS, drug exposures (cyclic\nOMP, vaginal progesterone, and in varying doses and durations) and specific outcomes (biochemical or patient-reported data or both) in all languages. We excluded reviews and practice guidelines but searched bibliographies for missed citations. Results discovered 18 articles in combined Medline (n=6) and PubMed (12) searches. After excluding duplicates, articles on estradiol (E2) alone E2 with OMP therapy, five eligible articles remained. We read all in full detail.\nProgesterone therapy was beneficial for WLWP as, even in sub-therapeutic doses (<300 mg at bedtime) and in cycles of too short durations (<14 days), it decreased luteinizing hormone (LH) 6,7 and total testosterone 7 levels. Vaginal progesterone (200 mg, b.i.d for 2 to 12 weeks) added to letrozole ovulation induction increased the pregnancy rate from 0 to 21% 8. Although present data suggest Cyclic OMP withdrawal predictively causes flow, we found no evidence it improved women’s cycle-related experiences nor decreased acne and hirsutism. Women-reported data on Cyclic OMP for improving androgenic PCOS cycle regularity, daily experiences and risks for endometrial cancer are needed.\nReference: 1Azziz R Nat Rev Dis Primers 2016;2:16057. 2Barry J Hum Reprod Update 2014; 20:748. 3Simon J Fertil Steril 1993;60:26. 4Blank S Hum Reprod Update 2006;12:351. 5Teede H Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2018;89:251. 6Livadas S Fertil Steril 2010;94:242. 7Bagis T J Clin Endocr Met 2002;87:4536. 8Montville C Fertil Steril. 2010;94:678.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"Supplement_1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of the Endocrine Society"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvaa046.2339","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jendso/bvaa046.2339"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-preconception-paternal-health-on-perinatal-outcomes-analysis-of-u-8zoffprf/","name":"Association of preconception paternal health on perinatal outcomes: analysis of U.S. claims data","headline":"Association of preconception paternal health on perinatal outcomes: analysis of U.S. claims data","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-preconception-paternal-health-on-perinatal-outcomes-analysis-of-u-8zoffprf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kasman AM","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0523-8176"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhang CA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shangwei Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2017-2435","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sichuan University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/011ashp19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stevenson DK","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7127-0281"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shaw GM","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7438-4914"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eisenberg ML","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5482-0141"}],"datePublished":"2020-05-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To assess whether paternal health is associated with maternal peripartum and neonatal outcomes.\n\nDESIGN: Retrospective cohort study.\n\nSETTING: University research departments.\n\nPATIENT(S): Analytic sample of children born to paired fathers and mothers covering live births within the United States between 2009-2016.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Paternal health status (e.g., metabolic syndrome diagnoses, individual chronic disease diagnoses).\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Primary outcome of preterm birth (i.e., live birth before 37 weeks), and secondary outcomes of low birth weight, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) stay, gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, eclampsia, and length of maternal stay.\n\nRESULT(S): The IBM Marketscan Research database covers reimbursed health care claims data on inpatient and outpatient encounters who are privately insured through employment-sponsored health insurance. We assessed 785,809 singleton live births, with 6.6% born preterm. The presence of paternal comorbidities was associated with higher odds of preterm birth, low birth weight (LBW), and NICU stay. After adjusting for maternal factors, fathers with most or all components of the metabolic syndrome had 19% higher odds of having a child born preterm (95% CI 1.11-1.28), 23% higher odds of LBW (95% CI 1.01-1.51), and 28% higher odds of NICU stay (95% CI 1.08-1.52). Maternal morbidity (e.g., gestational diabetes or preeclampsia) was also positively associated with preconception paternal health.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Increased preconception paternal comorbidity may be associated with negative infant and maternal outcomes. Although the paternal effect remains modest, these findings highlight the importance of the health of both parents, particularly the mother, on healthy pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"113","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"947","pageEnd":"954","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.12.026","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90137416"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.12.026"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32147174"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q90137416"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/low-bone-mineral-density-in-elite-female-athletes-with-a-history-of-secondary-am-arsc06ek/","name":"Low Bone Mineral Density in Elite Female Athletes With a History of Secondary Amenorrhea in Their Teens","headline":"Low Bone Mineral Density in Elite Female Athletes With a History of Secondary Amenorrhea in Their Teens","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/low-bone-mineral-density-in-elite-female-athletes-with-a-history-of-secondary-am-arsc06ek/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Nose-Ogura S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6952-3879"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yoshino O","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6942-3018"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dohi M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1126-7849"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kigawa M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8131-5682"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Harada M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1071-5600"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kawahara T","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7049-3379"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Osuga Y","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6660-1066"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Saito S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8940-3708"}],"datePublished":"2020-05-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine whether secondary amenorrhea during teenage years influences bone mineral density (BMD) in female athletes in their 20s.\n\nDESIGN: Original research.\n\nSETTING: Japan Institute of Sports Sciences.\n\nPARTICIPANTS: Two hundred ten elite female athletes older than 20 years were included in the study.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Information on the participants' past (ie, during their teenage years) and current menstrual cycle, training time, history of stress fractures, and blood tests for hormones received was obtained. Bone mineral density of the lumbar spine was evaluated by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry; low BMD was defined as a Z-score ≤-1. We investigated the correlation factors for low BMD in athletes in their 20s by univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis.\n\nRESULTS: A total of 39 (18.6%) female athletes had low BMD. Secondary amenorrhea in their teens [odds ratio (OR), 7.11, 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.38-21.24; P < 0.001] and present body mass index (BMI) (OR, 0.56, 95% CI, 0.42-0.73; P < 0.001) were independent correlation factors for low BMD in the multivariable logistic regression analysis. The average Z-score for those with secondary amenorrhea in their teens and 20s, secondary amenorrhea in their 20s only, and regular menstruation was -1.56 ± 1.00, -0.45 ± 1.21, and 0.82 ± 1.11 g/cm, respectively.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Secondary amenorrhea for at least 1 year during teenage years in female athletes and BMI at present was strongly associated with low BMD in their 20s.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"30","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical journal of sport medicine : official journal of the Canadian Academy of Sport Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"245","pageEnd":"250","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/JSM.0000000000000571","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88225418"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/JSM.0000000000000571"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32341292"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q88225418"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pleiotropic-actions-of-allopregnanolone-underlie-therapeutic-benefits-in-stressr-nw73huw9/","name":"Pleiotropic actions of allopregnanolone underlie therapeutic benefits in stress-related disease","headline":"Pleiotropic actions of allopregnanolone underlie therapeutic benefits in stress-related disease","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pleiotropic-actions-of-allopregnanolone-underlie-therapeutic-benefits-in-stressr-nw73huw9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Boero G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Porcu P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A L Morrow","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4441-956X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}}],"datePublished":"2020-05-01","abstract":"For several years, research from around the world has suggested that the neuroactive steroid (3α,5α)-3-hydroxypregnan-20-one (allopregnanolone) may have therapeutic potential for treatment of various stress-related diseases including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, alcohol use disorders (AUDs), as well as neurological and psychiatric conditions that are worsened in the presence of stress, such as multiple sclerosis, schizophrenia, and seizure disorders. In this review, we make the argument that the pleiotropic actions of allopregnanolone account for its ability to promote recovery in such a wide variety of illnesses. Likewise, the allopregnanolone precursors, pregnenolone and progesterone, share many actions of allopregnanolone. Of course, pregnenolone and progesterone lack direct effects on GABAA receptors, but these compounds are converted to allopregnanolone in vivo. This review presents a theoretical framework for understanding how endogenous neurosteroids that regulate 1) γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)A receptors, 2) corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) and 3) pro-inflammatory signaling in the innate immune system and brain could play a key role in both the prevention and treatment of stress-related disease. We further discuss cautions and limitations of allopregnanolone or precursor therapy as well as the need for more clinical studies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Neurobiology of stress"}},"pageStart":"100203","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ynstr.2019.100203","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92268146"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ynstr.2019.100203"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31879693"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92268146"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/allopregnanolone-in-premenstrual-dysphoric-disorder-pmdd-evidence-for-dysregulat-saogeiev/","name":"Allopregnanolone in premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD): Evidence for dysregulated sensitivity to GABA-A receptor modulating neuroactive steroids across the menstrual cycle","headline":"Allopregnanolone in premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD): Evidence for dysregulated sensitivity to GABA-A receptor modulating neuroactive steroids across the menstrual cycle","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/allopregnanolone-in-premenstrual-dysphoric-disorder-pmdd-evidence-for-dysregulat-saogeiev/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hantsoo L","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3402-9499"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Epperson CN","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1010-1409"}],"datePublished":"2020-05-01","abstract":"Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a severe mood disorder with core symptoms (affective lability, irritability, depressed mood, anxiety) and increased sensitivity to stress occurring in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. PMDD can be conceptualized as a disorder of suboptimal sensitivity to neuroactive steroid hormones (NASs). In this review, we describe the role of the NAS allopregnanolone (ALLO), a positive allosteric modulator of the GABAA receptor (GABAA-R), in PMDD's pathophysiology. We review evidence of impaired interaction between ALLO and GABAA-Rs in terms of affective symptom expression, with evidence from rodent and human studies. We discuss evidence of increased luteal phase stress sensitivity as a result of poor ALLO-GABA control of the HPA axis. Finally, we describe how treatments such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and new drugs targeting GABAA-Rs provide evidence for impaired ALLO-GABA function in PMDD. In sum, the literature supports the hypothesis that PMDD pathophysiology is rooted in impaired GABAA-R response to dynamic ALLO fluctuations across the menstrual cycle, manifesting in affective symptoms and poor regulation of physiologic stress response.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Neurobiology of stress"}},"pageStart":"100213","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ynstr.2020.100213","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q95269742"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ynstr.2020.100213"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32435664"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q95269742"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/is-the-injectable-contraceptive-depomedroxyprogesterone-acetate-dmpaim-associate-ummzue9n/","name":"Is the Injectable Contraceptive Depo-Medroxyprogesterone Acetate (DMPA-IM) Associated with an Increased Risk for HIV Acquisition? The Jury Is Still Out","headline":"Is the Injectable Contraceptive Depo-Medroxyprogesterone Acetate (DMPA-IM) Associated with an Increased Risk for HIV Acquisition? The Jury Is Still Out","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/is-the-injectable-contraceptive-depomedroxyprogesterone-acetate-dmpaim-associate-ummzue9n/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Janet P Hapgood","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4414-4861","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Molecular and Cell Biology University of Cape Town Rondebosch South Africa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03p74gp79"}}],"datePublished":"2020-05-01","abstract":"Intramuscular depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA-IM) is the most widely used hormonal contraceptive in sub-Saharan Africa. Previous meta-analyses of observational studies found a significant 40%-50% increased risk associated with DMPA-IM use, relative to no contraception or infrequent condom use. This raised substantial concerns, although these studies had important limitations. Consequently, the open-label randomized Evidence for Contraceptive Options and HIV Outcomes trial was conducted, designed primarily to detect a 50% or greater difference in HIV risk between DMPA-IM, the levonorgestrel (LNG) implant, and the copper-intrauterine device. The ECHO study, published in July 2019, concluded that there is no substantial difference in HIV risk among the methods evaluated, and that all three methods are safe and highly effective. In response, the WHO relaxed the Medical Eligibility Criteria for DMPA-IM use among women at high HIV risk in August 2019. However, two of the three comparisons in the ECHO trial could rule out neither a 50% increase nor no change in HIV risk for one contraceptive compared with another. The study had limitations and the results contained considerable uncertainty. They also did not inform on associated HIV risk for any one of the individual methods due to the absence of a control group such as no contraception or only infrequent condom use. The HIV risks associated with LNG implant and copper-IUD relative to no contraception or infrequent condom use are unknown and these cannot be seen as controls, nor did the authors claim them to be. The results will be discussed in the context of their limitations, what they add to the body of work to date on contraception and HIV acquisition, and the implications of the findings and reports thereof for future research and contraceptive choice.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"36","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses"}}},"pageStart":"357","pageEnd":"366","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1089/AID.2019.0228","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91664259"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1089/AID.2019.0228"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31797677"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91664259"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-hysterectomy-and-depression-a-longitudinal-followup-study-us-oduyokr0/","name":"Association between hysterectomy and depression: a longitudinal follow-up study using a national sample cohort","headline":"Association between hysterectomy and depression: a longitudinal follow-up study using a national sample cohort","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-hysterectomy-and-depression-a-longitudinal-followup-study-us-oduyokr0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Choi HG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rhim CC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yoon JY"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Woo Sik Lee","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1146-964X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"CHA University Gangnam Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05rtdxx03"}}],"datePublished":"2020-05-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the influence of hysterectomy on depression using a national sample cohort from South Korea.\n\nMETHODS: We extracted data entered into the Korean Health Insurance data based form 2002 through 2013 and classified patients into a group of women who had undergone a hysterectomy (n = 9,971) and a 1:4 matched control group (n = 39,884). A Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to assess the risk of depression in the hysterectomy group and the control group. The HR was calculated as the risk of depression in the hysterectomy group compared to that in the control group.\n\nRESULTS: The incidence of depression in the hysterectomy group was 6.59 per 1,000 person-years and that in the control group was 5.70 per 1,000 person-years. The adjusted HR for depression was 1.15 in the hysterectomy group (95% CI = 1.03-1.29, P < 0.05). In a subgroup analysis, the adjusted HR for depression was 1.16 (95% CI; 1.03-1.31, P = 0.014) for patients who underwent hysterectomy without bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. In an additional subgroup analysis, the adjusted HR for depression after hysterectomy was 1.18 (95% CI; 1.04-1.35, P = 0.012) in the younger than 50-year-old group.\n\nCONCLUSION: The incidence of depression was higher in women who underwent hysterectomy than in the matched control group.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"27","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Menopause (New York, N.Y.)"}}},"pageStart":"543","pageEnd":"549","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/GME.0000000000001505","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q89678668"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/GME.0000000000001505"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32049924"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q89678668"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preimplantation-loss-of-fertilized-human-ova-estimating-the-unobservable-qoee5vov/","name":"Preimplantation loss of fertilized human ova: estimating the unobservable","headline":"Preimplantation loss of fertilized human ova: estimating the unobservable","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preimplantation-loss-of-fertilized-human-ova-estimating-the-unobservable-qoee5vov/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A J Wilcox","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3376-1311","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, PO Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Harmon Q"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Doody K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wolf DP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Y Adashi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7730-1192","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64"}}],"datePublished":"2020-04-28","abstract":"STUDY QUESTION: What proportion of fertilized human ova are lost before implantation?\n\nSUMMARY ANSWER: An estimated 40 to 50% of fertilized ova fail to implant.\n\nWHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Preimplantation loss is not detectable with current technology. Published estimates of preimplantation loss range from 10 to 70%.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: We combine data from epidemiologic, demographic, laboratory and in vitro fertilization studies to construct an empirical framework for the estimation of preimplantation loss. This framework is summarized in a user-friendly Excel file included in supplement.\n\nPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: We draw from multiple sources to generate plausible estimates of fecundability, sterility, transient anovulation, intercourse patterns and the proportion of ova fertilized in the presence of sperm. We combine these estimates to generate a summary estimate of preimplantation loss. This estimate can be considered an average for couples in their prime reproductive years.\n\nMAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: Under a plausible range of assumptions, we estimate that 40 to 50% of fertilized ova fail to implant.\n\nLIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: A crucial factor in estimating preimplantation loss is the probability that an ovum will be fertilized when exposed to sperm. Human data are available only from in vitro fertilization (IVF), which may not accurately represent events in vivo. We therefore assume a range of in vivo fertilization rates, from 64% (human IVF data) to 90% (mouse data).\n\nWIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: Our estimate of preimplantation loss takes into account the biological processes relevant to fertilization and loss. Using this empirical basis for estimation, we find support for the usual assumption that risk of loss is highest in the earliest days following fertilization. Furthermore, this framework can provide improved estimates as better reproductive data become available. To the extent that our estimates are accurate, more fertilized ova are apparently lost in vitro than in vivo, suggesting that further improvements in IVF success rates may be possible.\n\nSTUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S): This study was supported by the Intramural Program of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH. Professor Adashi serves as Co-Chair of the Safety Advisory Board of Ohana Biosciences, Inc. The other authors have no competing interests.\n\nTRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: N/A.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"35","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"743","pageEnd":"750","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deaa048","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91976697"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/deaa048"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32296829"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91976697"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reducing-exposure-to-high-levels-of-perfluorinated-compounds-in-drinking-water-i-ov590bbm/","name":"Reducing exposure to high levels of perfluorinated compounds in drinking water improves reproductive outcomes: evidence from an intervention in Minnesota","headline":"Reducing exposure to high levels of perfluorinated compounds in drinking water improves reproductive outcomes: evidence from an intervention in Minnesota","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reducing-exposure-to-high-levels-of-perfluorinated-compounds-in-drinking-water-i-ov590bbm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Waterfield G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rogers M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Grandjean P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Auffhammer M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunding D"}],"datePublished":"2020-04-22","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have been detected in drinking water supplies around the world and are the subject of intense regulatory debate. While they have been associated with several illnesses, their effects on reproductive outcomes remains uncertain.\n\nMETHODS: We analyzed birth outcomes in the east Minneapolis-St. Paul metropolitan area from 2002 to 2011, where a portion of the population faced elevated exposure to PFASs due to long-term contamination of drinking water supplies from industrial waste disposal. Installation of a water filtration facility in the highly contaminated city of Oakdale, MN at the end of 2006 resulted in a sharp decrease in exposure to PFASs, creating a \"natural experiment\". Using a difference-in-differences approach, we compare the changes in birth outcomes before and after water filtration in Oakdale to the changes over the same period in neighboring communities where the treatment of municipal water remained constant.\n\nRESULTS: Average birth weight and average gestational age were statistically significantly lower in the highly exposed population than in the control area prior to filtration of municipal water supply. The highly exposed population faced increased odds of low birth weight (adjusted odds ratio 1.36, 95% CI 1.25-1.48) and pre-term birth (adjusted odds ratio 1.14, 95% CI 1.09-1.19) relative to the control before filtration, and these differences moderated after filtration. The general fertility rate was also significantly lower in the exposed population (incidence rate ratio 0.73, 95% CI 0.69-0.77) prior to filtration and appeared to be rebounding post-2006.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Our findings provide evidence of a causal relationship between filtration of drinking water containing high levels of exposure to PFASs and improved reproductive outcomes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environmental health : a global access science source"}}},"pageStart":"42","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-020-00591-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q93160224"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s12940-020-00591-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32321520"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q93160224"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prolonged-amenorrhea-and-low-hip-bone-mineral-density-in-women-living-with-hiv-a-rec5rp1ovcflaxexb/","name":"Prolonged Amenorrhea and Low Hip Bone Mineral Density in Women Living With HIV-A Controlled Cross-sectional Study","headline":"Prolonged Amenorrhea and Low Hip Bone Mineral Density in Women Living With HIV-A Controlled Cross-sectional Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prolonged-amenorrhea-and-low-hip-bone-mineral-density-in-women-living-with-hiv-a-rec5rp1ovcflaxexb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Elizabeth M King","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3609-1736","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Simon Fraser University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0213rcc28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ariel Nesbitt","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arianne Albert","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0871-5866","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Health Research Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0455vfz21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arianne Y.K. Albert","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3050-0888","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Health Research Institute Vancouver BC Canada"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neora Pick","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4123-3698","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"B.C. Women's Hospital & Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c4nx247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hélène C F Côté","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0399-5141","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Health Research Institute, H214-4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia V6H 3N1, Canada; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Rm. G227 - 2211 Wesb...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0455vfz21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Evelyn J Maan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5930-3514","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"B.C. Women's Hospital & Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c4nx247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"MCM Murray and the CIHR team on Cellular Aging and HIV Comorbidities in Women and Children (CARMA)"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Melanie C M Murray","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9538-2758","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oak Tree Clinic, BC Women's Hospital and Health Centre, 4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 0A7, Canada; Women's Health Research Institute, H214-4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia V6...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0455vfz21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"the CIHR team on Cellular Aging and HIV Comorbidities in Women and Children (CARMA)"}],"datePublished":"2020-04-15","abstract":"Background: Women living with HIV (WLWH) have higher rates of prolonged secondary amenorrhea (no flow for ≥1 year) than HIV-negative women. Both having amenorrhea and being HIV positive are associated with lower areal bone mineral density (BMD). However, their combined BMD effects remain unclear. Therefore, we investigated prolonged amenorrhea and BMD in WLWH and controls.\n\nMethods: This cross-sectional study enrolled WLWH and HIV-negative control women aged 19-68 years of similar backgrounds. We assessed BMD (Hologic; as ageand ethnicity-matched Z-scores) in the Children and women: AntiRetrovirals and Markers of Aging cohort. Participants were stratified by amenorrhea history defined as past/present lack of menses for ≥1 year at age 45 and younger and not because of surgery, breastfeeding, pregnancy, or hormonal contraception. Hip and spine Z-scores by amenorrhea/no amenorrhea used linear models with multivariable analysis for relationships within WLWH.\n\nResults: WLWH (N = 129) were similar to controls (N = 129) in age, body mass index, ethnicity, and substance use. Among WLWH, 21% experienced prolonged amenorrhea vs. 9% in controls. WLWH had significantly lower total hip (mean ± SD: -0.4 ± 0.9 vs. 0.3 ± 1.1; P < 0.001) and spine (-0.5 ± 1.3 vs. 0.2 ± 1.3; P = 0.001) Z-scores than controls. Amenorrhea was independently associated with hip (P = 0.01) but not spine (P = 0.94) BMD by multivariable linear regression. WLWH with amenorrhea had lower hip Z-scores (-0.8 ± 0.9) than those without (-0.3 ± 0.8; P = 0.01). They also had higher rates of substance use, smoking, opioid therapy, hepatitis C coinfection, and lower CD4 nadir.\n\nConclusions: WLWH had higher rates of prolonged amenorrhea and lower BMD than controls. WLWH with amenorrhea experienced lower hip BMD Z-scores than those without. Prolonged amenorrhea is an added osteoporosis risk in WLWH.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"83","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"}}},"pageStart":"486","pageEnd":"495","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0000000000002282","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92495382"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/QAI.0000000000002282"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31914005"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92495382"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-knowledge-contraceptive-use-and-unintentional-pregnancy-in-29-african--rec05gbwk1tzp4vv2/","name":"Fertility knowledge, contraceptive use and unintentional pregnancy in 29 African  countries: a cross-sectional study","headline":"Fertility knowledge, contraceptive use and unintentional pregnancy in 29 African  countries: a cross-sectional study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-knowledge-contraceptive-use-and-unintentional-pregnancy-in-29-african--rec05gbwk1tzp4vv2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ayodeji Iyanda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5791-2663","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Texas State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05h9q1g27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Barbara J Dinkins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7122-1896","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Texas State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05h9q1g27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tolulope Osayomi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6361-1437","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Ibadan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03wx2rr30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Temitope Joshua Adeusi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2279-1045","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ekiti State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02c4zkr79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yongmei Lu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4480-2358","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Texas State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05h9q1g27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph R Oppong","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1042-7564","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Texas","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00v97ad02"}}],"datePublished":"2020-04-10","abstract":"Objectives: We examined the association between incorrect knowledge of ovulation and unintentional pregnancy and child among young women in sub-Saharan Africa countries.\n\nMethods: Using Pearson's Chi-square, t test, multiple logistic regression, and likelihood ratio test, we analyzed Demographic and Health Survey data (2008-2017) of 169,939 young women (15-24 year).\n\nResults: The range of prevalence of incorrect knowledge of ovulation was 51% in Comoros and 89.6% in Sao Tome and Principe, while unintentional pregnancy ranged between 9.4% in the Republic of Benin and 59.6% in Namibia. The multivariate result indicates a strong association between incorrect knowledge of ovulation and unintentional pregnancy (OR = 1.17; p < 0.05) and unintentional child (OR = 1.15; p < 0.05).\n\nConclusions: Adolescent women (15-19) generally have poor knowledge of ovulation and are more likely to report an unintentional pregnancy/child than women between ages 20-24. To reduce the burden of unintentional child/pregnancy in Africa, fertility knowledge should not only be improved on but must consider the sociocultural context of women in different countries that might affect the adoption of such intervention programs. Pragmatic efforts, such as building community support for young women to discuss and share their experiences with professionals and educate them on fertility and sexuality, are essential.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"65","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Public Health"}}},"pageStart":"445","pageEnd":"455","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-020-01356-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91747171"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00038-020-01356-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32270234"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91747171"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-menstruation-and-fertility-app-trackers-a-scoping-review-of-the-evidence-reczkb9loswwalfra/","name":"Use of menstruation and fertility app trackers: a scoping review of the evidence","headline":"Use of menstruation and fertility app trackers: a scoping review of the evidence","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-menstruation-and-fertility-app-trackers-a-scoping-review-of-the-evidence-reczkb9loswwalfra/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Duncan Banks","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9448-8902","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Open University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05mzfcs16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarah Earle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2810-5659","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Open University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05mzfcs16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robin Hadley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4254-7648","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Independent Researcher, Manchester, UK"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hannah R Marston","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8018-4166","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Open University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05mzfcs16"}}],"datePublished":"2020-04-08","abstract":"Introduction: There has been a phenomenal worldwide increase in the development and use of mobile health applications (mHealth apps) that monitor menstruation and fertility. Critics argue that many of the apps are inaccurate and lack evidence from either clinical trials or user experience. The aim of this scoping review is to provide an overview of the research literature on mHealth apps that track menstruation and fertility.\n\nMethods: This project followed the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews. The ACM, CINAHL, Google Scholar, PubMed and Scopus databases were searched for material published between 1 January 2010 and 30 April 2019. Data summary and synthesis were used to chart and analyse the data.\n\nResults: In total 654 records were reviewed. Subsequently, 135 duplicate records and 501 records that did not meet the inclusion criteria were removed. Eighteen records from 13 countries form the basis of this review. The papers reviewed cover a variety of disciplinary and methodological frameworks. Three main themes were identified: fertility and reproductive health tracking, pregnancy planning, and pregnancy prevention.\n\nConclusions: Motivations for fertility app use are varied, overlap and change over time, although women want apps that are accurate and evidence-based regardless of whether they are tracking their fertility, planning a pregnancy or using the app as a form of contraception. There is a lack of critical debate and engagement in the development, evaluation, usage and regulation of fertility and menstruation apps. The paucity of evidence-based research and absence of fertility, health professionals and users in studies is raised.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"47","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ Sexual & Reproductive Health"}}},"pageStart":"90","pageEnd":"101","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsrh-2019-200488","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91610614"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmjsrh-2019-200488"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32253280"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91610614"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/2020-0ztzddda/","name":"Increased risk of eating disorders in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a case-control study","headline":"Increased risk of eating disorders in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a case-control study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/2020-0ztzddda/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Başar Gökcen B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Akdevelioğlu Y","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2213-4419"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Canan S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4995-8194"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nuray Bozkurt","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1107-9629","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey."}}],"datePublished":"2020-04-02","abstract":"Data on eating disorders in women with PCOS is insufficient. The objective of this case study was to examine the hypothesis that women with PCOS exhibit more impaired eating than healthy women. Women diagnosed with PCOS under the 2003 Rotterdam Diagnostic Criteria (n = 40) were compared with a healthy control group (n = 40). The groups also were divided into two as normal body weight and overweight/obese. The Eating Disorders Assessment Questionnaire (EDE-Q) and the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ-R21), were completed by all participants in order to evaluate eating behaviors in addition to eating disorders. Among the overweight/obese group, the average total and subscale scores of the EDE-Q as well as the total and sub-factor scores of the TFEQ-R21 were higher in women with PCOS compared to controls (p < .05). However, this statistically significant result was not shown among the women with normal weight (p > .05). In comparison to the controls, the PCOS women displayed higher values of the tool scores indicating abnormal restraint eating, body shape concern and weight concern subscale scores (p < .05). This result suggests that the evaluation of eating disorders should be added to routine screening and the monitoring of women with PCOS.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"36","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Gynecological Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"764","pageEnd":"767","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/09513590.2020.1744554","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90830110"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/09513590.2020.1744554"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q90830110"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vitamin-d-and-male-fertility-an-updated-review-1l5euswn/","name":"Vitamin D and Male Fertility: An Updated Review","headline":"Vitamin D and Male Fertility: An Updated Review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vitamin-d-and-male-fertility-an-updated-review-1l5euswn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Cito G","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7526-4025"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cocci A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0138-6294"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Micelli E","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1450-0810"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gabutti A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1860-1408"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Russo GI","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-7353"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria Elisabetta Coccia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5294-129X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Franco G","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3653-3389"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Serni S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8699-985X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carini M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2288-3647"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Natali A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4456-7626"}],"datePublished":"2020-04-01","abstract":"To date, the key role of vitamin D in male reproductive system has been suggested, since the expression of vitamin D receptors and metabolizing enzymes was demonstrated in the testis and spermatozoa. Nevertheless, a general consensus about the role of vitamin D in male fertility is still debated. The aim of this review is to provide an updated systematic revision of the current available literature, discussing the experimental and clinical evidence on the role of vitamin D in the regulation of testis hormone production, seminal parameters and male fertility. The consequences of vitamin D deficiency on serum levels of testicular hormones have been analysed by several observational and interventional studies, with controversial results. Equally, the experimental researches not were able to state a certain relationship between vitamin D status and testis hormone production. Possible bias, including age, body mass index, and baseline vitamin D status justified the differences among studies. As well as concerning the effect of vitamin D on semen parameters, most of the studies agreed in the possibility that vitamin D might have a positive effect on human male fertility potential, particularly through better sperm motility. Regarding pregnancy outcomes, normal level of vitamin D seems to be related to better pregnancies. However, all the previous studies displayed a wide heterogeneity in study design, population, methodology, and cut off values used for the evaluation of vitamin D status. Future studies are needed to better clarify the exact role of vitamin D on hormonal and seminal panel in both fertile and infertile men.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"38","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The world journal of men's health"}}},"pageStart":"164","pageEnd":"177","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.5534/wjmh.190057","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92694486"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.5534/wjmh.190057"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31190482"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92694486"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-mixedmethods-assessment-of-health-care-providers-knowledge-attitudes-and-pract-fwgxfnhk/","name":"A Mixed-Methods Assessment of Health Care Providers' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Around Fertility Awareness-Based Methods in Title X Clinics in the United States","headline":"A Mixed-Methods Assessment of Health Care Providers' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Around Fertility Awareness-Based Methods in Title X Clinics in the United States","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-mixedmethods-assessment-of-health-care-providers-knowledge-attitudes-and-pract-fwgxfnhk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sandra Webb","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0029-4665","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Government of Western Australia Department of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01epcny94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cheng AL","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8441-5566"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rebecca G Simmons","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3516-4585","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peragallo Urrutia R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Victoria Jennings","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9447-4260","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacki Witt","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8542-9425"}],"datePublished":"2020-04-01","abstract":"Objective: To understand how Title X providers currently engage with fertility awareness-based methods (FABMs) for pregnancy prevention in Title X clinics across the United States. Materials and Methods: We developed a survey to assess knowledge of fertility for purposes of pregnancy prevention, attitudes toward FABMs use for pregnancy prevention, and practices when patients request FABMs for pregnancy prevention. Results: In total, 329 participants who met all inclusion criteria completed the survey. Respondents were generally highly knowledgeable on fertility, felt neutrally toward FABMs or thought they were a nonviable option for most women, and were likely to respond to patient requests for FABMs for pregnancy prevention by providing information. Qualitative responses included several barriers to provision of FABMs for pregnancy prevention and few successes to provision. Conclusions: Fertility knowledge and discussion of specific methods increased with the number of methods included in the clinic's written materials or with the number of different FABMs someone at that clinic had been trained on. Significant clinician or administrative barriers may exist to offering FABMs to patients. Incorporating up-to-date information on a range of FABMs-rather than treating them as one method-into contraceptive counseling represents an opportunity to increase the contraceptive offering for clients who want them, leading to increased patient satisfaction and successful family planning outcomes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Women's Health Reports"}}},"pageStart":"354","pageEnd":"365","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1089/whr.2020.0065","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1089/whr.2020.0065"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-impact-of-disturbances-in-natural-conception-cycles-idytclab/","name":"The impact of disturbances in natural conception cycles","headline":"The impact of disturbances in natural conception cycles","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-impact-of-disturbances-in-natural-conception-cycles-idytclab/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C Gnoth","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6329-4075","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Keil AK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Schiffner J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Heil S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mallmann P","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5612-9733"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Günter Freundl","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas Strowitzki","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7024-855X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Heidelberg University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/038t36y30"}}],"datePublished":"2020-04-01","abstract":"PURPOSE: Many physicians and other healthcare professionals are often asked questions on interfering factors for conception by couples with a desire for children. Such possible disturbances include, for example, the very common minor diseases, stress and also sexual intercourse during the suspected implantation period. Non-scientifically based statements about disturbances in conception cycles, as found in many layman publications and on the internet, can strongly unsettle couples with a desire for children and force them into corset of rules of conduct. Therefore, a systematic scientific evaluation of the impact of disturbances on conception is urgently needed.\n\nMETHODS: A search for possible disturbances in natural conception cycles together with up to three of the respective pre-cycles in a large cycle database from users of the symptothermal method of natural family planning in Germany was performed. Disturbances were qualified by scientific panel decision and analysed statistically with their effects on the chances of spontaneous conception. Mixed logistical regression models and survival time analyses were used.\n\nRESULTS: A total of 237 women with a total of 747 cycles could be included in the analysis. In 61% of all 237 conception cycles, disturbances occurred. The statistical analysis shows that disturbances in natural conception cycles unexpectedly increase the likelihood of pregnancy by an overall factor of 1.32 (95% CI 1.04-1.70). Sexual intercourse in the window of implantation does not decrease the chances of conception. Relaxation states at the time of ovulation and/or during the implantation period have no representable effect and do not increase the chance of pregnancy.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Couples trying to conceive should at least be informed that disturbances in conception cycles, such as minor diseases, stress or sexual intercourse during the implantation period do not interfere with conception. Relaxation has no effect in favour of success. This takes away the guilty feeling of couples, fearing that they possibly did something wrong in cycles without the desired pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"301","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Archives of gynecology and obstetrics"}}},"pageStart":"1069","pageEnd":"1080","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-020-05464-y","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90096206"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00404-020-05464-y"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32140804"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q90096206"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/phthalates-in-preschool-childrens-clothing-manufactured-in-seven-asian-countries-frna42gf/","name":"Phthalates in preschool children’s clothing manufactured in seven Asian countries: Occurrence, profiles and potential health risks","headline":"Phthalates in preschool children’s clothing manufactured in seven Asian countries: Occurrence, profiles and potential health risks","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/phthalates-in-preschool-childrens-clothing-manufactured-in-seven-asian-countries-frna42gf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Tang Z"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chai M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yuanyuan Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7687-7816","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"City of Hope","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01z1vct10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cheng J"}],"datePublished":"2020-04-01","abstract":"Phthalates could be introduced into clothing as chemical additives or impurities, becoming a potential source of human exposure. We measured the concentrations of 15 phthalates in new preschool children's clothing manufactured in seven Asian countries. Phthalates were prevalent in all samples, and total concentrations were 2.92-223 μg/g, indicating a moderate contamination level. Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, di(isobutyl) phthalate and di-n-butyl phthalate were the most abundant phthalates measured, representing a median of 48.5 %, 13.6 % and 13.4 % of the total concentrations, respectively. Total concentrations did not differ significantly by country of manufacture, while the concentrations of individual phthalates and their composition profiles varied widely. We also found differing phthalate levels by item type, fabric composition, and color. Under the assumed two exposure scenarios, the median of summed dermal exposure doses of six phthalate were 539 and 950 ng/kg of body weight per day, respectively. When children wore trousers, long-sleeved shirts, briefs and socks at the same time, the reproductive risks exceeded acceptable level, although the carcinogenic risk of DEHP was low. Our results suggested that new clothing is an important route of phthalate exposure to preschool children. More research is required to investigate the contaminations and associated with risks in child clothing.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"387","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials"}},"pageStart":"121681","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121681","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91403369"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121681"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91403369"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/maternal-plasma-perfluoroalkyl-substances-and-miscarriage-a-nested-casecontrol-s-uidtawu2/","name":"Maternal Plasma Perfluoroalkyl Substances and Miscarriage: A Nested Case-Control Study in the Danish National Birth Cohort","headline":"Maternal Plasma Perfluoroalkyl Substances and Miscarriage: A Nested Case-Control Study in the Danish National Birth Cohort","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/maternal-plasma-perfluoroalkyl-substances-and-miscarriage-a-nested-casecontrol-s-uidtawu2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Liew Z"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Luo J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nohr EA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bech BH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bossi R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arah OA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Olsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7311-6205","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aarhus University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040r8fr65"}}],"datePublished":"2020-04-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widespread persistent organic pollutants and endocrine disruptors. High doses of perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) exposure can cause pregnancy loss and infant deaths in animals, but the associations between PFAS exposures and risk of miscarriage in humans are not well studied.\n\nMETHODS: Using a case-control study nested within the Danish National Birth Cohort (DNBC, 1996-2002), we compared 220 pregnancies ending in miscarriage during weeks 12-22 of gestation, with 218 pregnancies resulting in live births. Levels of seven types of PFAS [PFOS, PFOA, perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), perfluoroheptane sulfonate (PFHpS), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOSA)] were measured in maternal plasma collected in early gestation (mean gestational week 8). We estimated the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for miscarriage and each PFAS as a continuous variable or in quartiles, controlling for maternal age, parity, socio-occupational status, smoking and alcohol intake, gestational week of blood sampling, and maternal history of miscarriage. Stratification by parity and PFAS mixture analyses using weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression were also conducted.\n\nRESULTS: We observed a monotonic increase in odds for miscarriage associated with increasing PFOA and PFHpS levels. The ORs comparing the highest PFOA or PFHpS quartile to the lowest were 2.2 (95% CI: 1.2, 3.9) and 1.8 (95% CI: 1.0, 3.2). The ORs were also elevated for the second or third quartile of PFHxS or PFOS, but no consistent exposure-outcome pattern emerged. An interquartile range (IQR) increment in the WQS index of seven PFAS was associated with 64% higher odds for miscarriage (95% CI: 1.15, 2.34). The associations were stronger in parous women, while findings were inconsistent among nulliparous women.\n\nCONCLUSION: Maternal exposures to higher levels of PFOA, PFHpS, and PFAS mixtures were associated with the risk of miscarriage and particularly among parous women. Larger replication studies among nulliparous women are needed to allay concerns about confounding by reproductive history. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP6202.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"128","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environmental health perspectives"}}},"pageStart":"47007","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP6202","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92143638"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1289/EHP6202"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32319790"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92143638"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oxaloacetate-reduces-emotional-symptoms-in-premenstrual-syndrome-pms-results-of--recwxiruaoi6naece/","name":"Oxaloacetate reduces emotional symptoms in premenstrual syndrome (PMS): results  of a placebo-controlled, cross-over clinical trial","headline":"Oxaloacetate reduces emotional symptoms in premenstrual syndrome (PMS): results  of a placebo-controlled, cross-over clinical trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oxaloacetate-reduces-emotional-symptoms-in-premenstrual-syndrome-pms-results-of--recwxiruaoi6naece/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Alan Cash","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1916-960X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"US Biologic (United States)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mdfaw94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John Humiston","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Center for Health and Wellbeing, San Diego, CA, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa Tully","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nutritional Supplements Division, Energy Medicine Research Institute, Boulder, CO, USA."}}],"datePublished":"2020-03-25","abstract":"Objective: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) affects millions of women. While over-the-counter products have helped with the physical symptoms of PMS, emotional symptoms have been less well supported. The objective of this trial was to measure the effect of an oxaloacetate/vitamin C combination on the major emotional symptoms of PMS, including depression, anxiety, perceived stress, aggression, and suicidal ideation.\n\nMethods: Forty-eight women experiencing PMS completed a baseline survey comprising the Beck's Depression Inventory, Cohen Perceived Stress Scale, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Test, and Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire. After baseline measurements, participants were randomly assigned to take either 2 capsules of 100 mg oxaloacetate/150 mg ascorbic acid, or 2 capsules of rice flour (placebo) for their entire menstrual cycle. At menstruation, the women completed the 4 surveys again. The women then switched capsules in a cross-over design and continued the study for an additional menstrual cycle. The final assessment was repeated at menstruation. Statistical analysis of the 4 surveys was performed to examine efficacy.\n\nResults: Oxaloacetate/vitamin C supplementation during PMS significantly improved depression, perceived stress, anxiety, aggression, and suicidal ideation. The mean improvement in depression was 54.1%, 35.8% for perceived stress, 51.43% for generalized anxiety, and 17.8% for aggression. Suicidal ideation was reduced by 47.9%. All results were highly significant.\n\nConclusion: A combination of oxaloacetate and vitamin C supplementation helped to alleviate depression, anxiety, perceived stress, aggression, and suicidal ideation symptoms associated with PMS.\n\nTrial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03509714.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"63","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics & Gynecology Science"}}},"pageStart":"195","pageEnd":"204","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.5468/ogs.2020.63.2.195","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90612918"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.5468/ogs.2020.63.2.195"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32206660"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q90612918"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/naltrexone-recviz5i3jvhufklg/","name":"Naltrexone","headline":"Naltrexone","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/naltrexone-recviz5i3jvhufklg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"No Authors Listed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4186-1435","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad de Granada"}}],"datePublished":"2020-03-24","abstract":"Naltrexone is a synthetic opioid antagonist used in prevention of relapse of opiate addiction and alcoholism. Naltrexone has been associated with low rates of serum enzyme elevations during therapy and with rare instances of clinically apparent liver injury.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury [Internet]"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.5040/9781350363595.art-1175","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.5040/9781350363595.art-1175"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-awareness-based-methods-of-family-planning-recrbkrtp0irympvq/","name":"Fertility awareness-based methods of family planning","headline":"Fertility awareness-based methods of family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-awareness-based-methods-of-family-planning-recrbkrtp0irympvq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rebecca G Simmons","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3516-4585","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Victoria Jennings","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9447-4260","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}}],"datePublished":"2020-03-15","abstract":"Fertility awareness-based methods (FABMs) of family planning involve monitoring various signs and symptoms of fertility during the menstrual cycle to identify the \"fertile window,\" or the days of the cycle when unprotected intercourse is most likely to result in pregnancy. Signs and symptoms include menstrual cycle length, basal body temperature, urinary hormone measurements, and/or cervical fluid and may be used alone or in combination. Fertility signs reflect both physiological changes during the menstrual cycle and the life cycle of the ovum and sperm. Women learn to observe or measure and interpret these signs according to the instructions of their chosen FABM and avoid unprotected intercourse on fertile days. FABMs are appropriate for those who choose to use them, are able and willing to observe one or more fertility signs, and are in relationships that support the use of a coitus-related method such as a condom or abstaining from intercourse on fertile days.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"66","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Best Practice & Research. Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology"}},"pageStart":"68","pageEnd":"82","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2019.12.003","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90312213"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2019.12.003"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32169418"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q90312213"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/genitourinary-disease-risks-among-ovarian-cancer-survivors-in-a-population-based-reczyr2czbcqlve3n/","name":"Genitourinary disease risks among ovarian cancer survivors in a population-based  cohort study","headline":"Genitourinary disease risks among ovarian cancer survivors in a population-based  cohort study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/genitourinary-disease-risks-among-ovarian-cancer-survivors-in-a-population-based-reczyr2czbcqlve3n/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Chun-Pin Esther Chang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0878-997X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Office of Cooperative Reproductive Health, Division of Public Health, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, United..."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yiqing Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6870-4202","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brenna E. Blackburn","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1309-6027","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kerry Rowe","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0591-6213","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Intermountain Healthcare","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mvr1r74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John Snyder","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5092-0627","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Intermountain Healthcare","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mvr1r74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mark Dodson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4709-1048","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Intermountain Healthcare","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mvr1r74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vikrant Deshmukh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2447-9725","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael Newman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7906-8558","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christina A Porucznik","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1973-2917","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jennifer Ose","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2030-9676","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alison Fraser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6825-0625","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Huntsman Cancer Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03v7tx966"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jennifer A. Doherty","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1454-8187","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David K. Gaffney","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5752-1611","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarah Abdelaziz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8137-745X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chun-Pin Chang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0061-3478","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, and Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jennifer Doherty","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8747-1013","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America; Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah School of ..."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mia Hashibe","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6903-2049","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ken R Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0682-3705","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2020-03-04","abstract":"Objective: While genitourinary complications during treatment for ovarian cancer are well-known, long-term adverse outcomes have not been well characterized. The number of ovarian cancer survivors has been increasing. The aim of this study was to investigate long-term adverse genitourinary outcomes in a population-based cohort.\n\nMethods: We identified a cohort of 1270 ovarian cancer survivors diagnosed between 1996 and 2012 from the Utah Cancer Registry, and 5286 cancer-free women were matched on birth year and state from the Utah Population Database. Genitourinary disease diagnoses were identified through ICD-9 codes from electronic medical records and statewide healthcare facilities data. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) for genitourinary outcomes at 1 to <5 years and 5+ years after ovarian cancer diagnosis.\n\nResults: Ovarian cancer survivors had increased risks for urinary system disorders (HR: 2.53, 95% CI: 2.12-3.01) and genital organ disorders (HR: 1.88, 95% CI: 1.57-2.27) between 1 and <5 years after cancer diagnosis compared to the general population cohort. Increased risks were observed for acute renal failure, chronic kidney disease, calculus of kidney, hydronephrosis, pelvic peritoneal adhesions, and pelvic organ inflammatory conditions. Increased risks of several of these diseases were observed 5+ years after cancer diagnosis.\n\nConclusions: Ovarian cancer survivors experience increased risks of various genitourinary diseases compared to women in the general population in the long-term. Understanding the multimorbidity trajectory among ovarian cancer survivors is important to improve clinical care after cancer treatment is completed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"157","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Gynecologic Oncology"}}},"pageStart":"529","pageEnd":"535","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.02.028","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q89981645"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.02.028"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32122688"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q89981645"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/physical-activity-and-incidence-of-subclinical-and-clinical-pregnancy-loss-a-secondary-analysis-in-the-effects-of-aspirin-in-gestation-and-reproduction-randomized-trial-recv3rppoy9kknebf/","name":"Physical activity and incidence of subclinical and clinical pregnancy loss: a secondary analysis in the effects of aspirin in gestation and reproduction randomized trial","headline":"Physical activity and incidence of subclinical and clinical pregnancy loss: a secondary analysis in the effects of aspirin in gestation and reproduction randomized trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/physical-activity-and-incidence-of-subclinical-and-clinical-pregnancy-loss-a-secondary-analysis-in-the-effects-of-aspirin-in-gestation-and-reproduction-randomized-trial-recv3rppoy9kknebf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindsey M Russo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7639-8655","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of General Internal Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 420 East 70th Street, New York, NY 10021, USA.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brian W Whitcomb","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8646-5823","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 715 N Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, USA.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0072zz521"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joshua R Freeman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7483-7848","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0072zz521"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindsey A Sjaarda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0539-8110","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neil J Perkins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6802-4733","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jagteshwar Grewal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0141-4876","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert M Silver","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5794-3152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Intermountain Healthcare","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mvr1r74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}}],"datePublished":"2020-03-01","abstract":"Objective: To estimate the association between physical activity and risk of subclinical and clinical pregnancy loss among women with a history of pregnancy loss.\nDesign: Prospective cohort study as a secondary analysis of the Effects of Aspirin in Gestation and Reproduction randomized controlled trial of preconception-initiated low-dose aspirin among women with one or two prior pregnancy losses.\nSetting: Four U.S. clinical centers, 2007-2011. PATIENT(S): Women with confirmed pregnancy (n = 785) as determined from hCG testing in longitudinally collected biospecimens. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Subclinical loss of pregnancy detected only by hCG testing and clinically recognized loss. RESULT(S): Among 785 women (mean [SD] age, 28.7 [4.6] years) with an hCG-confirmed pregnancy, 188 (23.9%) experienced pregnancy loss. In multivariable models adjusted for confounders, compared with the first tertile of physical activity (median = 7.7 metabolic equivalent of task hours/week), there was a roughly twofold higher risk of subclinical loss in the second (risk ratio = 2.06; 95% confidence interval, 1.03-4.14) and third tertiles (risk ratio = 1.92; 95% confidence interval, 0.94-3.90), with median metabolic equivalent of task hours/week of 27.8 and 95.7, respectively. No relations were observed between physical activity and clinically recognized loss. CONCLUSION(S): Risk related to physical activity is different for pregnancy failure close to the time of implantation compared with that for later, clinical pregnancy loss. Higher physical activity levels were associated with an elevated risk of subclinical loss (i.e., pregnancies detected only by hCG, n = 55); however, no relationship was observed with clinically recognized loss. Further work is required to confirm these findings, assess generalizability to women without prior losses, and evaluate mechanisms. Ethical Approval: Each participating center's Institutional Review Board approved the study, and participants provided written informed consent. The trial was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00467363), and a Data Safety and Monitoring Board provided oversight. OBJETIVO:: Estimar la asociación entre la actividad física y el riesgo de pèrdida gestacional subclínica y clínica entre mujeres con historia de pèrdida gestacional. DISEÑO:: Estudio prospectivo de cohortes como análisis secundario de un estudio aleatorizado de los efectos de aspirina en la gestación y la reproducción, utilizando bajas dosis de aspirina desde la preconcepción entre mujeres con una o dos pèrdidas gestacionales previas. LUGAR:: Cuatro clínicas en Estados Unidos, entre 2007–2011. PACIENTES:: Mujeres con embarazo confirmado (n= 785) determinado por pruebas de hCG en muestras biológicas recogidas longitudinalmente. PRINCIPALES MEDIDAS DE RESULTADO(S):: Pérdida gestacional subclínica detectada sólo por la prueba de hCG y la reconocida clínicamente. RESULTADOS:: Entre 785 mujeres (media de edad [Deviación standard], 28,7 [4,6] años) con una gestación confirmada con hCG, 188 (23.9%) que tuvieron pérdida gestacional. En un modelo multivariante ajustado para factores de confusión comparado con el primer tercil de actividad física (media= 7,7 equivalentes metabólicos de trabajo horas/semana) hubo un riesgo bruto dos veces mayor de pérdida subclínica en el segundo (relación de riesgo= 2,06; Intervalo de confianza 95%, 1,03–4,14) y el tercer tercil (Relación de riesgo = 1,92 Intervalo de confianza 95%, 0,94–3,9) con una media metabólica equivalente de trabajo horas/semana de 27,8 y 95,7 respectivamente. No hubo relación entre actividad física y pérdidas gestacionales clínicas. CONCLUSIONES:: El riesgo asociado a actividad física es diferente para fallo gestacional próximo al momento de la implantación comparado con el más tardío de pérdida gestacional clínica. Niveles mayores de actividad física estuvieron asociados con un riesgo elevado de pérdida subclínica (por ejemplo, embarazos detectados solo por hCG, n=55); sin embargo, no se observó relación con pérdida clínicamente reconocida. Se necesitan más trabajos para confirmar estos hallazgos, evaluando de forma general mujeres sin pérdidas gestacionales previas, y evaluar sus mecanismos. APROBACIÓN ÉTICA:: El comité de revisión institucional de cada centro participante aprobó el estudio y los participantes dieron por escrito su consentimiento informado. El ensayo fue registrado en ClinicalTrial.gov (NCT00467363), y el comité de seguridad y monitorización de los datos dio su aprobación","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"113","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"601-608.e1","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.10.027","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90465035"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.10.027"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32192592"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q90465035"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstrual-bleeding-cycle-length-and-follicular-and-luteal-phase-lengths-in-women-reccjc7xoaa1zwsp6/","name":"Menstrual bleeding, cycle length, and follicular and luteal phase lengths in women without known subfertility: A pooled analysis of three cohorts","headline":"Menstrual bleeding, cycle length, and follicular and luteal phase lengths in women without known subfertility: A pooled analysis of three cohorts","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstrual-bleeding-cycle-length-and-follicular-and-luteal-phase-lengths-in-women-reccjc7xoaa1zwsp6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M J Egger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8886-7837","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Utah Department of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/034de1n65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shahpar Najmabadi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4763-4310","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christina A Porucznik","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1973-2917","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S E Simonsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-7671","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2020-02-28","abstract":"BACKGROUND: There is variability between women for days of menstrual bleeding, cycle lengths, follicular phase lengths, and luteal phase lengths, related to age and parity.\n\nOBJECTIVE: To describe total cycle length; anovulatory cycles; follicular and luteal phase lengths; and days and intensity of menstrual and non-menstrual bleeding in women without known subfertility over the course of 1 year.\n\nMETHODS: 581 women (3,324 cycles) with no known subfertility (18-40 years of age) were followed for up to 1 year. Women recorded vaginal bleeding and mucus discharge daily. We used the peak day of cervical mucus as the estimated day of ovulation and the last day of the follicular phase. We used generalised linear mixed models stratified by age and parity to describe menstrual cycle parameters.\n\nRESULTS: The majority of women were <30 years of age (74.5%), non-Hispanic White (88.6%), and nulliparous (70.4%). The mean menses length was 6.2 (1.5) days, median 6; cycle length 30.3 (6.7) days, median 29; follicular phase length 18.5 (6.5) days, median 17; and luteal phase length 11.7 (2.8) days, median 12. Nulliparous women aged ≥30 years vs nulliparous women aged <30 had shorter cycles (29.2 days, 95% confidence interval (CI) 27.8, 30.7 vs 31.5 days, 95% CI 30.8, 32.2) and shorter follicular phases (17.6 days, 95% CI 16.2, 18.9 vs 19.6 days, 95% CI 18.9, 20.2). Among all women, within-woman differences between the longest and shortest menses length >3 days, total cycle length >7 days, follicular phase >7 days, and luteal phase >3 days were found in 11.6%, 43.0%, 41.7%, and 58.8% of women, respectively.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Our findings confirm variability between women of menstrual cycle parameters related to age and parity, and also highlight within-woman variability in the follicular and luteal phases.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"34","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology"}}},"pageStart":"318","pageEnd":"327","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/ppe.12644","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q89913158"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/ppe.12644"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32104920"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q89913158"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-woman-picked-expert-picked-and-computer-picked-peak-day-of-cervica-recj3cgvocevowyjf/","name":"Comparison of woman-picked, expert-picked, and computer-picked Peak Day of cervical mucus with blinded urine luteinising hormone surge for concurrent identification of ovulation","headline":"Comparison of woman-picked, expert-picked, and computer-picked Peak Day of cervical mucus with blinded urine luteinising hormone surge for concurrent identification of ovulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-woman-picked-expert-picked-and-computer-picked-peak-day-of-cervica-recj3cgvocevowyjf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chun-Pin Esther Chang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0878-997X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Office of Cooperative Reproductive Health, Division of Public Health, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, United..."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christina A Porucznik","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1973-2917","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chun-Pin Chang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0061-3478","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, and Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John-Paul O'Sullivan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05kdz4d87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2020-02-27","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Previous research has demonstrated that women instructed in fertility awareness methods can identify the Peak Day of cervical mucus discharge for each menstrual cycle, and the Peak Day has high agreement with other indicators of the day of ovulation. However, previous studies enrolled experienced users of fertility awareness methods or were not fully blinded.\n\nOBJECTIVE: To assess the agreement between cervical mucus Peak Day identified by fertile women without prior experience on assessing cervical mucus discharge with the estimated day of ovulation (1 day after urine luteinising hormone surge).\n\nMETHODS: This study is a secondary analysis of data from a randomised trial of the Creighton Model FertilityCare(TM) System (CrM), conducted 2003-2006, for women trying to conceive. Women who had no prior experience tracking cervical mucus recorded vulvar observations daily using a standardised assessment of mucus characteristics for up to seven menstrual cycles. Four approaches were used to identify the Peak Day. The referent day was defined as one day after the first identified day of luteinising hormone (LH) surge in the urine, assessed blindly. The percentage of agreement between the Peak Day and the referent day of ovulation was calculated.\n\nRESULTS: Fifty-seven women with 187 complete cycles were included. A Peak Day was identified in 117 (63%) cycles by women, 185 (99%) cycles by experts, and 187 (100%) by computer algorithm. The woman-picked Peak Day was the same as the referent day in 25% of 117 cycles, within ±1 day in 58% of cycles, ±2 days in 84%, ±3 days in 87%, and ±4 days in 92%. The ±1 day and ± 4 days' agreement was 50% and 90% for the expert-picked and 47% and 87% for the computer-picked Peak Day, respectively.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Women's daily tracking of cervical mucus is a low-cost alternative for identifying the estimated day of ovulation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"34","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology"}}},"pageStart":"105","pageEnd":"113","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/ppe.12642","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q89891819"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/ppe.12642"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32101336"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q89891819"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/experiences-of-health-after-dietary-changes-in-endometriosis-a-qualitative-inter-luadjc1a/","name":"Experiences of health after dietary changes in endometriosis: a qualitative interview study","headline":"Experiences of health after dietary changes in endometriosis: a qualitative interview study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/experiences-of-health-after-dietary-changes-in-endometriosis-a-qualitative-inter-luadjc1a/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Vennberg Karlsson J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patel H","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6038-1031"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Premberg A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3830-3168"}],"datePublished":"2020-02-25","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: Endometriosis is a chronic disease with no known cure. Persons affected by this disease often use complementary therapies such as dietary changes to reduce their symptoms, and so it is important to investigate whether and how these therapies affect endometriosis symptoms. The aim of this study was to explore how persons with endometriosis experienced their health after dietary changes.\n\nDESIGN: Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with 12 persons with endometriosis who had made individual dietary changes aimed at decreasing their endometriosis symptoms. The interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim, and analysed using thematic analysis.\n\nSETTING: Region Västra Götaland and the estern part of Central Sweden, Sweden.\n\nPARTICIPANTS: Twelve persons with endometriosis aged 28 to 44 were recruited from two Swedish endometriosis support forums on the Internet.\n\nRESULTS: Participants experienced an increase in well-being and a decrease in symptoms following their dietary and lifestyle changes. They also felt that the dietary changes led to increased energy levels and a deeper understanding of how they could affect their health by listening to their body's reactions. The participants understood that they could influence their symptoms through lifestyle changes. Support from family and friends was important in implementing and sustaining the dietary changes. However, the participants stressed the lack of support from healthcare professionals.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: This study contributes to filling the knowledge gap about dietary strategies in endometriosis and lifestyle change as a method of alleviating suffering and increasing well-being. An important finding is that the participants experienced decreased symptoms and increased well-being after adopting an individually-adapted diet. Healthcare professionals should take their patients' knowledge and experience into consideration, and allow patients to participate in their own care. Further research is necessary to give evidenced-based dietary advices in endometriosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ open"}}},"pageStart":"e032321","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032321","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q89898405"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032321"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32102806"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q89898405"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/art-in-europe-2015-results-generated-from-european-registries-by-eshre-onmybouw/","name":"ART in Europe, 2015: results generated from European registries by ESHRE","headline":"ART in Europe, 2015: results generated from European registries by ESHRE","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/art-in-europe-2015-results-generated-from-european-registries-by-eshre-onmybouw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Christian De Geyter","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0889-6310","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Basel","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02s6k3f65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carlos Calhaz-Jorge","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2941-113X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nuffield Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01w2zd907"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kupka MS","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6559-0580"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine Wyns","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6581-5003","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03s4khd80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Edgar Mocanu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3094-4892","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01hxy9878"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Motrenko T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Scaravelli G","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0720-9467"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Smeenk","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3053-0358","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00q6h8f30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vidakovic S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4789-0464"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Goossens V; European IVF-monitoring Consortium (EIM); European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE)"}],"datePublished":"2020-02-24","abstract":"---\ntitle: \"ART in Europe, 2015: results generated from European registries by ESHRE\"\nsource_file: \"eshre-eim-2015-source.pdf\"\npages: 17\nextracted_date: \"2026-04-24\"\nfigures_extracted: 3\ntables_extracted: 5\nreview_flags: 2\nreview_flags_resolved: 2\nreview_flags_corrected: 1\nreview_flags_confirmed: 0\nreview_flags_unreadable: 1\ndoi: \"10.1093/hropen/hoz038\"\njournal: \"Human Reproduction Open\"\nyear: 2020\nauthors: \"De Geyter C, Calhaz-Jorge C, Kupka MS, Wyns C, Mocanu E, Motrenko T, Scaravelli G, Smeenk J, Vidakovic S, Goossens V\"\n---\n\nHuman Reproduction Open, pp. 1–17, 2020\ndoi:10.1093/hropen/hoz038\n\n**human reproduction open — ESHRE PAGES**","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction Open"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hropen/hoz038","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/hropen/hoz038"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32123753"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mortality-from-infancy-to-adolescence-in-singleton-children-conceived-from-assis-rec1ltuyoubtmueyp/","name":"Mortality from infancy to adolescence in singleton children conceived from  assisted reproductive techniques versus naturally conceived singletons in Sweden","headline":"Mortality from infancy to adolescence in singleton children conceived from  assisted reproductive techniques versus naturally conceived singletons in Sweden","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mortality-from-infancy-to-adolescence-in-singleton-children-conceived-from-assis-rec1ltuyoubtmueyp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kenny A. Rodriguez‐Wallberg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4378-6181","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Karolinska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00m8d6786"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sara Ekberg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4695-1384","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Karolinska Institutet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056d84691"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna L V Johansson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1191-7231","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonas F Ludvigsson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1024-5602","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Karolinska Institutet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056d84691"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Catarina Almqvist","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1045-1898","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Karolinska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00m8d6786"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sven Cnattingius","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0805-8093","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Karolinska Institutet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056d84691"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anastasia Iliadou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5482-0675","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Karolinska Institutet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056d84691"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Frida E Lundberg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7061-7178","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056d84691"}}],"datePublished":"2020-02-23","abstract":"Objective: To assess infant (<1 year) and childhood (1-18 years) mortality in singletons conceived through assisted reproductive techniques (ART) versus naturally conceived singletons.\nDesign: Nationwide prospective study.\nSetting: Sweden. PATIENT(S): All singleton liveborn infants born from 1983 to 2012 in Sweden identified using the Medical Birth Register (N = 2,847,108), of whom 43,506 were conceived through ART treatments including in vitro fertilization with and without intracytoplasmic sperm injection. INTERVENTION(S): None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES(S): Infant (<1 year) and childhood (1-18 years) mortality. RESULT(S): Data on ART treatment and covariates were retrieved from population-based registers using the unique personal identity number assigned to all permanent residents in Sweden. Cox proportional hazards models estimated the hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) as measures of association between ART treatments and death. The analyses were adjusted for maternal characteristics, infertility, child sex, and birth cohort and were restricted to individuals with complete information on covariates for fully adjusted analysis. Compared with naturally conceived singletons, higher infant mortality risks were seen in infants conceived through ART (adjusted HR 1.45; 95% CI, 1.19-1.77), especially after transfer of cryopreserved embryos (adjusted HR 2.30; 95% CI, 1.46-3.64). Early neonatal mortality risk (deaths during the first week) was increased in children born after transfer of blastocysts (HR 2.40; 95% CI, 1.05-5.48). No increased mortality risk was observed between the ages of 1 and 18 years. CONCLUSION(S): Singletons conceived through ART had an increased risk of infant mortality from birth up to 1 year of life, predominantly in the early neonatal period and in pregnancies after transfer of frozen and thawed embryos.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"113","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"524","pageEnd":"532","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.10.018","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q89816566"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.10.018"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32081362"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q89816566"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptives-use-and-risk-of-cervical-cancer-a-systematic-review-meta-analysis-recb1v2aehtsyfbxc/","name":"Oral contraceptives use and risk of cervical cancer-A systematic review & meta-analysis","headline":"Oral contraceptives use and risk of cervical cancer-A systematic review & meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptives-use-and-risk-of-cervical-cancer-a-systematic-review-meta-analysis-recb1v2aehtsyfbxc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Smita Asthana","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3547-1393","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Indian Council of Medical Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0492wrx28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vishal Busa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5163-5896","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Indian Council of Medical Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0492wrx28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Satyanarayana Labani","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05w7dft64"}}],"datePublished":"2020-02-21","abstract":"Background: Role of Oral Contraceptive (OC) as a risk factor for cervical cancer remained controversial and unclear.\n\nObjective: To evaluate risk of cervical cancer in OC users and non-users through a comprehensive systematic review. Search Strategy: Literature search conducted in databases from January 1990 till August 2019 using various search terms. Selection Criteria: Primary research studies that evaluated and assessed the association of OC use with cervical cancer with study design of case control or cohort types published in English language. Data Collection and Analysis: PRISMA guided review was done by two independent researchers. Effect size estimated by pooled Odds ratio with 95 % Confidence Interval (CI) in random effect models on OC pill use for the risk of cervical cancer.\n\nResults: Review included 19 studies. Overall risk of invasive cancer on OC use was found to be significant with unknown status of HPV OR (95 % CI) as 1.51 (1.35, 1.68) and for unknown HPV as 1.66 (1.24, 2.21). Adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and carcinoma in situ had significant association with OR (95 % CI) of 1.77 (1.4, 2.24), 1.29 (1.18, 1.42) and 1.7 (1.18, 2.44) respectively.\n\nConclusion: OC pills use had a definite associated risk for developing cervical cancer specially for Adenocarcinoma and longer duration of OC pills use.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"247","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"}},"pageStart":"163","pageEnd":"175","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.02.014","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q89956960"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.02.014"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32114321"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q89956960"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/combining-frailty-and-trabecular-bone-score-did-not-improve-predictive-accuracy--recqioygo9sckkabh/","name":"Combining Frailty and Trabecular Bone Score Did Not Improve Predictive Accuracy in Risk of Major Osteoporotic Fractures","headline":"Combining Frailty and Trabecular Bone Score Did Not Improve Predictive Accuracy in Risk of Major Osteoporotic Fractures","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/combining-frailty-and-trabecular-bone-score-did-not-improve-predictive-accuracy--recqioygo9sckkabh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tanveer Towheed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8738-9394","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Rheumatology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rtaxr13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kelly Davison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1965-4691","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Osteoporosis Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02a7qmj40"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lehana Thabane","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8307-3568","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Impact","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05d9dsr70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mitchell Levine","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9010-0886","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jie Zeng","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4278-2907","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01gb3y148"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Junzhan Tian","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01gb3y148"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"for the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos) Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos) Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandra Papaioannou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9412-0932","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher S Kovacs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5219-9993","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John’s, NL, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04haebc03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Guowei Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8432-7937","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Impact","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05d9dsr70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Shawn Davison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8123-7680","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yanfei Qi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045kpgw45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert G Josse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-6264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"William D Leslie","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1056-1691","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02gfys938"}}],"datePublished":"2020-02-14","abstract":"It is recognized that the trabecular bone score (TBS) provides skeletal information, and frailty measurement is significantly associated with increased risks of adverse health outcomes. Given the suboptimal predictive power in fracture risk assessment tools, we aimed to evaluate the combination of frailty and TBS regarding predictive accuracy for risk of major osteoporotic fracture (MOF). Data from the prospective longitudinal study of CaMos (Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study) were used for this study. TBS values were estimated using lumbar spine (L1 to L4 ) dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) images; frailty was evaluated by a frailty index (FI) of deficit accumulation. Outcome was time to first incident MOF during the follow-up. We used the Harrell's C-index to compare the model predictive accuracy. The Akaike information criterion, likelihood ratio test, and net reclassification improvement (NRI) were used to compare model performances between the model combining frailty and TBS (subsequently called \"FI + TBS\"), FI-alone, and TBS-alone models. We included 2730 participants (mean age 69 years; 70% women) for analyses (mean follow-up 7.5 years). There were 243 (8.90%) MOFs observed during follow-up. Participants with MOF had significantly higher FI (0.24 versus 0.20) and lower TBS (1.231 versus 1.285) than those without MOF. FI and TBS were significantly related with MOF risk in the model adjusted for FRAX with bone mineral density (BMD) and other covariates: hazard ratio (HR) = 1.26 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.11-1.43) for per-SD increase in FI; HR = 1.38 (95% CI 1.21-1.59) for per-SD decrease in TBS; and these associations showed negligible attenuation (HR = 1.24 for per-SD increase in FI, and 1.35 for per-SD decrease in TBS) when combined in the same model. Although the model FI + TBS was a better fit to the data than FI-alone and TBS-alone, only minimal and nonsignificant enhancement of discrimination and NRI were observed in FI + TBS. To conclude, frailty and TBS are significantly and independently related to MOF risk. Larger studies are warranted to determine whether combining frailty and TBS can yield improved predictive accuracy for MOF risk.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"35","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"J Bone Miner Res"}}},"pageStart":"1058","pageEnd":"1064","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.3971","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q93032198"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/jbmr.3971"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31995642"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q93032198"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/inflammatory-markers-in-dysmenorrhea-and-therapeutic-options-izevpjvk/","name":"Inflammatory Markers in Dysmenorrhea and Therapeutic Options","headline":"Inflammatory Markers in Dysmenorrhea and Therapeutic Options","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/inflammatory-markers-in-dysmenorrhea-and-therapeutic-options-izevpjvk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Barcikowska Z"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rajkowska-Labon E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Magdalena Emilia Grzybowska","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5311-3450","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Gynecology, Gynecologic Oncology and Gynecologic Endocrinology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Smoluchowskiego 17, 80-214 Gdańsk, Poland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/019sbgd69"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hansdorfer-Korzon R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zorena K"}],"datePublished":"2020-02-13","abstract":"Dysmenorrhea often significantly reduces the quality of women's life and is still an important public health problem. Despite numerous studies, the pathomechanism of dysmenorrhea is not fully understood. Previous research indicates the complexity of biochemical reactions between the endocrine, vascular, and immune systems. Prostaglandins play a major role in the pathomechanism of dysmenorrhea. In contrast, cytokines and other proinflammatory factors in primary dysmenorrhea are less studied. In addition to the applied pharmacotherapy, more and more studies proving the effectiveness of non-pharmacological methods appear. Therefore, the present work contains a review of the latest research concerning factors involved in dysmenorrhea, as well as therapeutic options. In the literature search, authors used online databases, PubMed, and clinitrials.gov and browsed through individual gynecology, physiotherapy journals and books.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International journal of environmental research and public health"}}},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17041191","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q89761466"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/ijerph17041191"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32069859"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q89761466"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adjuvant-treatment-strategies-in-ovarian-stimulation-for-poor-responders-undergo-recbeggdb2lfjfynv/","name":"Adjuvant treatment strategies in ovarian stimulation for poor responders  undergoing IVF: a systematic review and network meta-analysis","headline":"Adjuvant treatment strategies in ovarian stimulation for poor responders  undergoing IVF: a systematic review and network meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adjuvant-treatment-strategies-in-ovarian-stimulation-for-poor-responders-undergo-recbeggdb2lfjfynv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yue Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4745-8038","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cuilian Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3721-8586","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Henan Provincial People's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03f72zw41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jing Shu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0398-2188","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03k14e164"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jun Guo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1655-7383","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04tshhm50"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hsun-Ming Chang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9742-6670","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chang HM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jian-Zhong Sheng","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8006-3965","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sheng JZ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hefeng Huang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4386-1455","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01byttc20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peter C K Leung","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3152-3800","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2020-02-12","abstract":"Background: Despite great advances in assisted reproductive technology, poor ovarian response (POR) is still considered as one of the most challenging tasks in reproductive medicine. OBJECTIVE AND\n\nRationale: The aim of this systemic review is to evaluate the role of different adjuvant treatment strategies on the probability of pregnancy achievement in poor responders undergoing IVF. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing 10 adjuvant treatments [testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), letrozole, recombinant LH, recombinant hCG, oestradiol, clomiphene citrate, progesterone, growth hormone (GH) and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)] were included. SEARCH\n\nMethods: Relevant studies published in the English language were comprehensively selected using PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) until 11 July 2018. We included studies that investigated various adjuvant agents, including androgen and androgen-modulating agents, oestrogen, progesterone, clomiphene citrate, GH and CoQ10, during IVF treatment and reported subsequent pregnancy outcomes. The administration of GnRH analogs and gonadotrophins without adjuvant treatment was set as the control. We measured study quality based on the methodology and categories listed in the Cochrane Collaboration Handbook. This review protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42018086217).\n\nOutcomes: Of the 1124 studies initially identified, 46 trials reporting on 6312 women were included in this systematic review, while 19 trials defining POR using the Bologna criteria reporting 2677 women were included in the network meta-analysis. Compared with controls, DHEA and CoQ10 treatments resulted in a significantly higher chance of clinical pregnancy [odds ratio (OR) 2.46, 95% CI 1.16 to 5.23; 2.22, 1.08-4.58, respectively]. With regard to the number of retrieved oocytes, HCG, oestradiol and GH treatments had the highest number of oocytes retrieved [weighted mean difference (WMD) 2.08, 0.72 to 3.44; 2.02, 0.23 to 3.81; 1.72, 0.98 to 2.46, compared with controls, respectively]. With regard to the number of embryos transferred, testosterone and GH treatment led to the highest number of embryos transferred (WMD 0.72, 0.11 to 1.33; 0.67, 0.43 to 0.92; compared with controls, respectively). Moreover, GH resulted in the highest oestradiol level on the HCG day (WMD 797.63, 466.45 to 1128.81, compared with controls). Clomiphene citrate, letrozole and GH groups used the lowest dosages of gonadotrophins for ovarian stimulation (WMD 1760.00, -2890.55 to -629.45; -1110.17, -1753.37 to -466.96; -875.91, -1433.29 to -282.52; compared with controls, respectively). CoQ10 led to the lowest global cancelation rate (OR 0.33, 0.15 to 0.74, compared with controls). WIDER Implications: For patients with POR, controlled ovarian stimulation protocols using adjuvant treatment with DHEA, CoQ10 and GH showed better clinical outcomes in terms of achieving pregnancy, and a lower dosage of gonadotrophin required for ovulation induction. Furthermore, high-level RCT studies using uniform standards for POR need to be incorporated into future meta-analyses.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"26","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction Update"}}},"pageStart":"247","pageEnd":"263","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmz046","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q89655631"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humupd/dmz046"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32045470"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q89655631"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/laparoscopic-ovarian-drilling-for-ovulation-induction-in-women-with-anovulatory--b20z9yzu/","name":"Laparoscopic ovarian drilling for ovulation induction in women with anovulatory polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"Laparoscopic ovarian drilling for ovulation induction in women with anovulatory polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/laparoscopic-ovarian-drilling-for-ovulation-induction-in-women-with-anovulatory--b20z9yzu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bordewijk EM","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7983-1613"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ng KYB","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2770-6148"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rakic L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ben W Mol","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8337-550X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00q6h8f30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacques Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8155-677X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of MedicineLaval UniversityQuebec CityQCCanada"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Crawford TJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Madelon van Wely","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8263-213X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Academic Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03t4gr691"}}],"datePublished":"2020-02-11","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common condition affecting 8% to 13% of reproductive-aged women. In the past clomiphene citrate (CC) used to be the first-line treatment in women with PCOS. Ovulation induction with letrozole should be the first-line treatment according to new guidelines, but the use of letrozole is off-label. Consequently, CC is still commonly used. Approximately 20% of women on CC do not ovulate. Women who are CC-resistant can be treated with gonadotrophins or other medical ovulation-induction agents. These medications are not always successful, can be time-consuming and can cause adverse events like multiple pregnancies and cycle cancellation due to an excessive response. Laparoscopic ovarian drilling (LOD) is a surgical alternative to medical treatment. There are risks associated with surgery, such as complications from anaesthesia, infection, and adhesions.\n\nOBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of LOD with or without medical ovulation induction compared with medical ovulation induction alone for women with anovulatory polycystic PCOS and CC-resistance.\n\nSEARCH METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Gynaecology and Fertility Group (CGFG) trials register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL and two trials registers up to 8 October 2019, together with reference checking and contact with study authors and experts in the field to identify additional studies.\n\nSELECTION CRITERIA: We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of women with anovulatory PCOS and CC resistance who underwent LOD with or without medical ovulation induction versus medical ovulation induction alone, LOD with assisted reproductive technologies (ART) versus ART, LOD with second-look laparoscopy versus expectant management, or different techniques of LOD.\n\nDATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two review authors independently selected studies, assessed risks of bias, extracted data and evaluated the quality of the evidence using the GRADE method. The primary effectiveness outcome was live birth and the primary safety outcome was multiple pregnancy. Pregnancy, miscarriage, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), ovulation, costs, and quality of life were secondary outcomes.\n\nMAIN RESULTS: This updated review includes 38 trials (3326 women). The evidence was very low- to moderate-quality; the main limitations were due to poor reporting of study methods, with downgrading for risks of bias (randomisation and allocation concealment) and lack of blinding. Laparoscopic ovarian drilling with or without medical ovulation induction versus medical ovulation induction alone Pooled results suggest LOD may decrease live birth slightly when compared with medical ovulation induction alone (odds ratio (OR) 0.71, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.54 to 0.92; 9 studies, 1015 women; I2 = 0%; low-quality evidence). The evidence suggest that if the chance of live birth following medical ovulation induction alone is 42%, the chance following LOD would be between 28% and 40%. The sensitivity analysis restricted to only RCTs with low risk of selection bias suggested there is uncertainty whether there is a difference between the treatments (OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.59 to 1.36; 4 studies, 415 women; I2 = 0%, low-quality evidence). LOD probably reduces multiple pregnancy rates (Peto OR 0.34, 95% CI 0.18 to 0.66; 14 studies, 1161 women; I2 = 2%; moderate-quality evidence). This suggests that if we assume the risk of multiple pregnancy following medical ovulation induction is 5.0%, the risk following LOD would be between 0.9% and 3.4%. Restricting to RCTs that followed women for six months after LOD and six cycles of ovulation induction only, the results for live birth were consistent with the main analysis. There may be little or no difference between the treatments for the likelihood of a clinical pregnancy (OR 0.86, 95% CI 0.72 to 1.03; 21 studies, 2016 women; I2 = 19%; low-quality evidence). There is uncertainty about the effect of LOD compared with ovulation induction alone on miscarriage (OR 1.11, 95% CI 0.78 to 1.59; 19 studies, 1909 women; I2 = 0%; low-quality evidence). OHSS was a very rare event. LOD may reduce OHSS (Peto OR 0.25, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.91; 8 studies, 722 women; I2 = 0%; low-quality evidence). Unilateral LOD versus bilateral LOD Due to the small sample size, the quality of evidence is insufficient to justify a conclusion on live birth (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.24 to 2.78; 1 study, 44 women; very low-quality evidence). There were no data available on multiple pregnancy. The likelihood of a clinical pregnancy is uncertain between the treatments, due to the quality of the evidence and the large heterogeneity between the studies (OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.39 to 0.84; 7 studies, 470 women; I2 = 60%, very low-quality evidence). Due to the small sample size, the quality of evidence is not sufficient to justify a conclusion on miscarriage (OR 1.02, 95% CI 0.31 to 3.33; 2 studies, 131 women; I2 = 0%; very low-quality evidence). Other comparisons Due to lack of evidence and very low-quality data there is uncertainty whether there is a difference for any of the following comparisons: LOD with IVF versus IVF, LOD with second-look laparoscopy versus expectant management, monopolar versus bipolar LOD, and adjusted thermal dose versus fixed thermal dose.\n\nAUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic ovarian drilling with and without medical ovulation induction may decrease the live birth rate in women with anovulatory PCOS and CC resistance compared with medical ovulation induction alone. But the sensitivity analysis restricted to only RCTs at low risk of selection bias suggests there is uncertainty whether there is a difference between the treatments, due to uncertainty around the estimate. Moderate-quality evidence shows that LOD probably reduces the number of multiple pregnancy. Low-quality evidence suggests that there may be little or no difference between the treatments for the likelihood of a clinical pregnancy, and there is uncertainty about the effect of LOD compared with ovulation induction alone on miscarriage. LOD may result in less OHSS. The quality of evidence is insufficient to justify a conclusion on live birth, clinical pregnancy or miscarriage rate for the analysis of unilateral LOD versus bilateral LOD. There were no data available on multiple pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Cochrane database of systematic reviews"}}},"pageStart":"CD001122","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD001122.pub5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q89670630"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/14651858.CD001122.pub5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32048270"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q89670630"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/testing-a-theoretical-model-of-imminent-fracture-risk-in-elderly-women-an-observ-rec9qyss8jchgwxbo/","name":"Testing a theoretical model of imminent fracture risk in elderly women: an observational cohort analysis of the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study","headline":"Testing a theoretical model of imminent fracture risk in elderly women: an observational cohort analysis of the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/testing-a-theoretical-model-of-imminent-fracture-risk-in-elderly-women-an-observ-rec9qyss8jchgwxbo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandra Papaioannou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9412-0932","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudie Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5499-2661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yawen Jiang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0498-0662","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Amgen (United States)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03g03ge92"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard Barron","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1217-2507","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Amgen (United States)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03g03ge92"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"James S. McGinley","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vector (United States)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036y4q615"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R. Wirth","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4345-7206","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vector (United States)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036y4q615"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tassos Anastassiades","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5805-0364","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Ioannidis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6956-5737","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephanie M Kaiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7183-5754","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher S Kovacs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5219-9993","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John’s, NL, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04haebc03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"William D Leslie","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1056-1691","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02gfys938"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tanveer Towheed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8738-9394","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Rheumatology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rtaxr13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Hanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Shawn Davison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8123-7680","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S M Kaiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3222-3711","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S N Morin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2549-6826","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}}],"datePublished":"2020-02-07","abstract":"We examined the underlying relationship between fracture risk factors and their imminent risk. Results suggested that having past year fracture, worse past year general health, worse past year physical functioning, and lower past year BMD T-score directly predicted higher imminent fracture risk. Past year falls indirectly predicted imminent risk through physical functioning and general health.\nIntroduction: This study aimed to examine direct and indirect effects of several factors on imminent (1 year) fracture risk.\n\nMethods: Data from women age 65 and older from population-based Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study were used. Predictors were identified from study years 5 and 10, and imminent fracture data (1-year fracture) came from years 6 and 11 (year 5 predicts year 6, year 10 predicts year 11). A structural equation model (SEM) was used to test the theoretical construct. General health and physical functioning were measured as latent variables using items from the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) and bone mineral density (BMD) T-score was a latent variable based on observed site-specific BMD data (spine L1-L4, femoral neck, total hip). Observed variables were fractures and falls. Model fit was evaluated using root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA), Tucker Lewis index (TLI), and comparative fit index (CFI).\n\nResults: The analysis included 3298 women. Model fit tests showed that the SEM fit the data well; χ2(172) = 1122.10 < .001, RMSEA = .03, TLI = .99, CFI = .99. Results suggested that having past year fracture, worse past year general health, worse past year physical functioning, and lower past year BMD T-score directly predicted higher risk of fracture in the subsequent year (p < .001). Past year falls had a statistically significant but indirect effect on imminent fracture risk through physical functioning and general health (p < .001).\n\nConclusions: We found several direct and indirect pathways that predicted imminent fracture risk in elderly women. Future studies should extend this work by developing risk scoring methods and defining imminent risk thresholds.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"31","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Osteoporos Int"}}},"pageStart":"1145","pageEnd":"1153","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-020-05330-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q89603696"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00198-020-05330-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32034452"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q89603696"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/distinct-spontaneous-brain-activity-patterns-in-different-biologically-defined-a-reckfjvzm4ecgbkdh/","name":"Distinct Spontaneous Brain Activity Patterns in Different Biologically-Defined  Alzheimer's Disease Cognitive Stage: A Preliminary Study","headline":"Distinct Spontaneous Brain Activity Patterns in Different Biologically-Defined  Alzheimer's Disease Cognitive Stage: A Preliminary Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/distinct-spontaneous-brain-activity-patterns-in-different-biologically-defined-a-reckfjvzm4ecgbkdh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Qi Zeng","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4167-321X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059cjpv64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiao Luo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0236-9384","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059cjpv64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ke Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5926-288X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059cjpv64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shu Wang"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ruiting Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0126-0213","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042t7yh44"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hui Hong","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4017-7367","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059cjpv64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peiyu Huang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4211-9954","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059cjpv64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yeerfan Jiaerken","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0734-4012","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059cjpv64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiaojun Xu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2138-4608","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059cjpv64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jing Xu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0660-6279","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059cjpv64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Caixia Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1534-5135","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059cjpv64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jiong Zhou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3997-1045","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059cjpv64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Minming Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2375-867X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059cjpv64"}}],"datePublished":"2020-02-06","abstract":"Background: The National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association (NIA-AA) has proposed a biological definition of Alzheimer's disease (AD): individuals with both abnormal amyloid and tau biomarkers (A+T+) would be defined as AD. It remains unclear why different cognitive status is present in subjects with biological AD. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) has provided an opportunity to reveal the brain activity patterns in a biologically-defined AD cohort. Accordingly, we aimed to investigate distinct brain activity patterns in subjects with existed AD pathology but in the different cognitive stages. Method: We selected individuals with AD pathology (A+T+) and healthy controls (HC, A-T-) based on the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers. According to the cognitive stage, we divided the A+T+ cohort into three groups: (1) preclinical AD; (2) prodromal AD; and (3) AD with dementia (d-AD). We compared spontaneous brain activity measured by a fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) approach among four groups.\n\nResults: The analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) results showed significant differences in fALFF in the posterior cingulate cortex/precuneus (PCC/PCu). Further, compared to HC, we found increased fALFF values in the right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) in the preclinical AD stage, whereas prodromal AD patients showed reduced fALFF in the bilateral precuneus, right middle frontal gyrus (MFG), right precentral gyrus, and postcentral gyrus. Within the d-AD group, both hyperactivity (right fusiform gyrus, right parahippocampal gyrus (PHG)/hippocampus, and inferior temporal gyrus) and hypoactivity (bilateral precuneus, left posterior cingulate cortex, left cuneus and superior occipital gyrus) were detected.\n\nConclusion: We found the distinct brain activity patterns in different cognitive stages among the subjects defined as AD biologically. Our findings may be helpful in understanding mechanisms leading to cognitive changes in the AD pathophysiological process.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience"}},"pageStart":"350","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2019.00350","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q89494064"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fnagi.2019.00350"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32009939"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q89494064"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/micronized-vaginal-progesterone-to-prevent-miscarriage-a-critical-evaluation-of--recgcsx91hhg7nvqy/","name":"Micronized vaginal progesterone to prevent miscarriage: a critical evaluation of  randomized evidence","headline":"Micronized vaginal progesterone to prevent miscarriage: a critical evaluation of  randomized evidence","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/micronized-vaginal-progesterone-to-prevent-miscarriage-a-critical-evaluation-of--recgcsx91hhg7nvqy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Coomarasamy A, Devall AJ, Brosens JJ, Quenby S, Stephenson MD, Sierra S, Christiansen OB, Small R, Brewin J, Roberts TE, Dhillon-Smith R, Harb H, Noordali H, Papadopoulou A, Eapen A, Prior M, Di Renzo GC, Hinshaw K, Mol BW, Lumsden MA, Khalaf Y, Shennan A, Goddijn M, van Wely M, Al-Memar M, Bennett P, Bourne T, Rai R, Regan L, Gallos ID"}],"datePublished":"2020-02-06","abstract":"Progesterone is essential for the maintenance of pregnancy. Several small trials have suggested that progesterone supplementation may reduce the risk of miscarriage in women with recurrent or threatened miscarriage. Cochrane Reviews summarized the evidence and found that the trials were small with substantial methodologic weaknesses. Since then, the effects of first-trimester use of vaginal micronized progesterone have been evaluated in 2 large, high-quality, multicenter placebo-controlled trials, one targeting women with unexplained recurrent miscarriages (the PROMISE [PROgesterone in recurrent MIScarriagE] trial) and the other targeting women with early pregnancy bleeding (the PRISM [PRogesterone In Spontaneous Miscarriage] trial). The PROMISE trial studied 836 women from 45 hospitals in the United Kingdom and the Netherlands and found a 3% greater live birth rate with progesterone but with substantial statistical uncertainty. The PRISM trial studied 4153 women from 48 hospitals in the United Kingdom and found a 3% greater live birth rate with progesterone, but with a P value of .08. A key finding, first observed in the PROMISE trial, and then replicated in the PRISM trial, was that treatment with vaginal micronized progesterone 400 mg twice daily was associated with increasing live birth rates according to the number of previous miscarriages. Prespecified PRISM trial subgroup analysis in women with the dual risk factors of previous miscarriage(s) and current pregnancy bleeding fulfilled all 11 conditions for credible subgroup analysis. For the subgroup of women with a history of 1 or more miscarriage(s) and current pregnancy bleeding, the live birth rate was 75% (689/914) with progesterone vs 70% (619/886) with placebo (rate difference 5%; risk ratio, 1.09, 95% confidence interval, 1.03-1.15; P=.003). The benefit was greater for the subgroup of women with 3 or more previous miscarriages and current pregnancy bleeding; live birth rate was 72% (98/137) with progesterone vs 57% (85/148) with placebo (rate difference 15%; risk ratio, 1.28, 95% confidence interval, 1.08-1.51; P=.004). No short-term safety concerns were identified from the PROMISE and PRISM trials. Therefore, women with a history of miscarriage who present with bleeding in early pregnancy may benefit from the use of vaginal micronized progesterone 400 mg twice daily. Women and their care providers should use the findings for shared decision-making.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"223","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"167","pageEnd":"176","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2019.12.006","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q89488557"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ajog.2019.12.006"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32008730"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q89488557"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/human-exposure-to-trace-elements-aromatic-amines-and-formaldehyde-in-swimsuits-a-94ozuurn/","name":"Human exposure to trace elements, aromatic amines and formaldehyde in swimsuits: Assessment of the health risks","headline":"Human exposure to trace elements, aromatic amines and formaldehyde in swimsuits: Assessment of the health risks","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/human-exposure-to-trace-elements-aromatic-amines-and-formaldehyde-in-swimsuits-a-94ozuurn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Herrero M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joaquim Rovira","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0212-9353","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitat Rovira i Virgili","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g5sqv46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Esplugas R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Martí Nadal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1974-6836","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitat Rovira i Virgili","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g5sqv46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"José L Domingo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9470","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitat Rovira i Virgili","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g5sqv46"}}],"datePublished":"2020-02-01","abstract":"Nowadays, most of the swimsuits are mainly made of artificial fibres, which have interesting properties such as water repellence and fast drying. Swimsuits contain a wide range of additives, which can mean a hazard for the environment and/or human health. In this study, the concentrations of formaldehyde (free and water soluble), 24 aromatic amines, and 28 trace elements (Ag, Al, As, B, Ba, Be, Bi, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Sc, Se, Sm, Sr, Sn, Tl, Ti, V and Zn) were analysed in 39 swimsuits covering a wide range of materials, colours and brands. Dermal exposure and health risks were assessed for adults (men and women) aged > 18 years old, babies between 2 and < 3 years old, children (boys and girls) between 3 and < 6 years old and 6 and < 11 years old, and teenagers (boys and girls) between 11 and < 16 years old, wearing swimsuits for 4 h or 8 h. Formaldehyde and aromatic amines were below their respective detection limits in all samples (<16 and < 1.5 mg/kg, respectively). Regarding trace elements, Ti showed the highest mean levels (1844 mg/kg), being significantly higher in polyamide (3759 mg/kg) than in polyester (24.1 mg/kg) swimsuits. These high Ti levels were confirmed by environmental scanning electron microscope in a single sample made of polyamide. Increased concentrations of Cr were also observed, but only in polyamide black fabrics, with values ranging from 624 to 932 mg/kg. Non-cancer risks (hazard quotients) derived from the exposure to trace elements were in a safe zone for all analysed trace elements. Furthermore, the carcinogenic risks were evaluated for As, Cr and Pb, exhibiting values below the 10-5 threshold, with the exception of Cr in babies and children-girls. For Ti, health risks could not be calculated due to the lack of information on toxicological data. However, because Ti was the element with the highest concentrations in swimsuits, and taking into account the potential toxicity of TiO2 nanoparticles, further research is needed to assess the migration of this element from fibres to skin.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"181","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environmental Research"}},"pageStart":"108951","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2019.108951","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91555243"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.envres.2019.108951"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91555243"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-cord-plasma-biomarkers-of-in-utero-acetaminophen-exposure-with-ri-cb47wkhd/","name":"Association of Cord Plasma Biomarkers of In Utero Acetaminophen Exposure With Risk of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorder in Childhood","headline":"Association of Cord Plasma Biomarkers of In Utero Acetaminophen Exposure With Risk of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorder in Childhood","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-cord-plasma-biomarkers-of-in-utero-acetaminophen-exposure-with-ri-cb47wkhd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ji Y"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Azuine RE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yue Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4745-8038","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hou W"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hong X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wang G","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4023-084X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Riley A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pearson C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zuckerman B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xi Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9885-356X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Northwestern University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/000e0be47"}}],"datePublished":"2020-02-01","abstract":"IMPORTANCE: Prior studies have raised concern about maternal acetaminophen use during pregnancy and increased risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in their children; however, most studies have relied on maternal self-report.\n\nOBJECTIVE: To examine the prospective associations between cord plasma acetaminophen metabolites and physician-diagnosed ADHD, ASD, both ADHD and ASD, and developmental disabilities (DDs) in childhood.\n\nDESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This prospective cohort study analyzed 996 mother-infant dyads, a subset of the Boston Birth Cohort, who were enrolled at birth and followed up prospectively at the Boston Medical Center from October 1, 1998, to June 30, 2018.\n\nEXPOSURES: Three cord acetaminophen metabolites (unchanged acetaminophen, acetaminophen glucuronide, and 3-[N-acetyl-l-cystein-S-yl]-acetaminophen) were measured in archived cord plasma samples collected at birth.\n\nMAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Physician-diagnosed ADHD, ASD, and other DDs as documented in the child's medical records.\n\nRESULTS: Of 996 participants (mean [SD] age, 9.8 [3.9] years; 548 [55.0%] male), the final sample included 257 children (25.8%) with ADHD only, 66 (6.6%) with ASD only, 42 (4.2%) with both ADHD and ASD, 304 (30.5%) with other DDs, and 327 (32.8%) who were neurotypical. Unchanged acetaminophen levels were detectable in all cord plasma samples. Compared with being in the first tertile, being in the second and third tertiles of cord acetaminophen burden was associated with higher odds of ADHD diagnosis (odds ratio [OR] for second tertile, 2.26; 95% CI, 1.40-3.69; OR for third tertile, 2.86; 95% CI, 1.77-4.67) and ASD diagnosis (OR for second tertile, 2.14; 95% CI, 0.93-5.13; OR for third tertile, 3.62; 95% CI, 1.62-8.60). Sensitivity analyses and subgroup analyses found consistent associations between acetaminophen buden and ADHD and acetaminophen burden and ASD across strata of potential confounders, including maternal indication, substance use, preterm birth, and child age and sex, for which point estimates for the ORs vary from 2.3 to 3.5 for ADHD and 1.6 to 4.1 for ASD.\n\nCONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Cord biomarkers of fetal exposure to acetaminophen were associated with significantly increased risk of childhood ADHD and ASD in a dose-response fashion. Our findings support previous studies regarding the association between prenatal and perinatal acetaminophen exposure and childhood neurodevelopmental risk and warrant additional investigations.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"77","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA psychiatry"}}},"pageStart":"180","pageEnd":"189","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.3259","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91001842"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.3259"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31664451"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91001842"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relative-risk-of-cervical-neoplasms-among-copper-and-levonorgestrel-releasing-intrauterine-system-users-recvexqpyce89erq7/","name":"Relative Risk of Cervical Neoplasms Among Copper and Levonorgestrel-Releasing Intrauterine System Users","headline":"Relative Risk of Cervical Neoplasms Among Copper and Levonorgestrel-Releasing Intrauterine System Users","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relative-risk-of-cervical-neoplasms-among-copper-and-levonorgestrel-releasing-intrauterine-system-users-recvexqpyce89erq7/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Henry M. Spotnitz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2869-0237","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"New York Hospital Queens","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01j17xg39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karthik Natarajan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0740-5732","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NewYork–Presbyterian Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03gzbrs57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Ryan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5579-4256","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University Irving Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01esghr10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Matthew E Spotnitz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Departments of Biomedical Informatics and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, Observational Health Data Sciences and Informatics, and Medical Informatics Services, New Yo..."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carolyn Westhoff","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3622-8846","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NewYork–Presbyterian Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03gzbrs57"}}],"datePublished":"2020-02-01","abstract":"Objective: To evaluate the relative risk of cervical neoplasms among copper intrauterine device (Cu IUD) and levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) users.\n\nMethods: We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of 10,674 patients who received IUDs at Columbia University Medical Center. Our data were transformed to a common data model and are part of the Observational Health Data Sciences and Informatics network. The cohort patients and outcomes were identified by a combination of procedure codes, condition codes, and medication exposures in billing and claims data. We adjusted for confounding with propensity score stratification and propensity score 1:1 matching.\n\nResults: Before propensity score adjustment, the Cu IUD cohort included 8,274 patients and the LNG-IUS cohort included 2,400 patients. The median age for both cohorts was 29 years at IUD placement. More than 95% of the LNG-IUS cohort used a device with 52 mg LNG. Before propensity score adjustment, we identified 114 cervical neoplasm outcomes. Seventy-seven (0.9%) cervical neoplasms were in the Cu IUD cohort and 37 (1.5%) were in the LNG-IUS cohort. The propensity score matching analysis identified 7,114 Cu IUD and 2,174 LNG-IUS users, with covariate balance achieved over 16,827 covariates. The diagnosis of high-grade cervical neoplasia was 0.7% in the Cu IUD cohort and 1.8% in the LNG-IUS cohort (2.4 [95% CI 1.5-4.0] cases/1,000 person-years and 5.2 [95% CI 3.7-7.1] cases/1,000 person-years, respectively). The relative risk of high-grade cervical neoplasms among Cu IUD users was 0.38 (95% CI 0.16-0.78, P<.02) compared with LNG-IUS users. By inspection, the Kaplan-Meier curves for each cohort diverged over time.\n\nConclusion: Copper IUD users have a lower risk of high-grade cervical neoplasms compared with LNG-IUS users. The relative risk of cervical neoplasms of LNG-IUS users compared with the general population is unknown.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"135","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstet Gynecol"}}},"pageStart":"319","pageEnd":"327","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0000000000003656","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92552133"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/AOG.0000000000003656"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31923062"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92552133"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effects-of-magnesium-sulfate-on-cyclophosphamideinduced-ovarian-damage-folli-gxue2j3g/","name":"The effects of magnesium sulfate on cyclophosphamide-induced ovarian damage: Folliculogenesis","headline":"The effects of magnesium sulfate on cyclophosphamide-induced ovarian damage: Folliculogenesis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effects-of-magnesium-sulfate-on-cyclophosphamideinduced-ovarian-damage-folli-gxue2j3g/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ekiz Yılmaz T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Taşdemir M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kaya M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arıcan N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ahıshalı B"}],"datePublished":"2020-02-01","abstract":"Cyclophosphamide (CYP) is one of the alkylating chemotherapeutic agents and its adverse effects on folliculogenesis in the ovary are well-known due to the previous scientific research on this topic. Magnesium has various effects in organisms, including catalytic functions on the activation and inhibition of many enzymes, and regulatory functions on cell proliferation, cell cycle, and differentiation. In this study, the effects of magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) on CYP induced ovarian damage were investigated. Immature Wistar-Albino female rats of 28-days were treated with pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin (PMSG) to develop the first generation of preovulatory follicles. Rats of the experimental groups were then treated with either CYP (100 mg/kg, i.p) and MgSO4 (270 mg/kg loading dose; 27 mg/kg maintenance doseX12, i.p) solely or in combination. Following in-vivo 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling, animals were sacrificed and ovaries were embedded in paraffin and Epon. In the ovaries, added to the evaluation of general morphology and follicle count; BrdU and TUNEL-labeling, cleaved caspase-3 and p27 (cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor) staining was also performed immunohistochemically and an ultrastructural evaluation was performed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The number of primordial follicles were decreased and multilaminar primary and atretic follicles were increased in CYP group. After MgSO4 treatment, while primordial follicle pool were elevated, the number of atretic follicles were decreased. Additionally, decreased BrdU-labeling, increased cleaved caspase 3 immunoreactivity and increased TUNEL labeling were observed in CYP group. In CYP treated animals, observations showed that while MgSO4 administration caused no alterations in BrdU proliferation index and caspase-3 immunoreactivity, it significantly reduced the TUNEL labeling. It was also observed that, while p27 immunoreactivity significantly increased in the nuclei of granulosa and theca cells in the CYP group; MgSO4 treatment significantly reduced these immunoreactivities. The ultrastructural observations showed frequent apoptotic profiles in granulosa and theca cells in both early and advanced stages of follicles in the CYP group and the MgSO4 treatment before the CYP application led to ultrastructural alleviation of the apoptotic process. In conclusion, our data suggest that MgSO4 may provide an option of pharmacologic treatment for fertility preservation owing to the beneficial effects of on chemotherapy-induced accelerated follicular apoptotic process, and the protection of the primordial follicle pool.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"122","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta histochemica"}}},"pageStart":"151470","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acthis.2019.151470","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91776073"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.acthis.2019.151470"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31812447"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91776073"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-influences-of-sleep-duration-chronotype-and-nightwork-on-the-ovarian-cycle-rec01avrmni2q9vw0/","name":"The influences of sleep duration, chronotype, and nightwork on the ovarian cycle","headline":"The influences of sleep duration, chronotype, and nightwork on the ovarian cycle","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-influences-of-sleep-duration-chronotype-and-nightwork-on-the-ovarian-cycle-rec01avrmni2q9vw0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Pauline Mendola","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5330-2844","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University at Buffalo, State University of New York","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Galit L Dunietz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7240-4923","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Michigan–Ann Arbor","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Keewan Kim","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7171-3487","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joshua R Freeman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7483-7848","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0072zz521"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kara A Michels","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2431-2079","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Wactawski-Wende","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3096-9595","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aijun Ye","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1701-7111","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Edwina H Yeung","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3851-2613","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}}],"datePublished":"2020-02-01","abstract":"Despite research indicating that sleep disorders influence reproductive health, the effects of sleep on reproductive hormone concentrations are poorly characterized. We prospectively followed 259 regularly menstruating women across one to two menstrual cycles (the BioCycle Study, 2005-2007), measuring fasting serum hormone concentrations up to eight times per cycle. Women provided information about daily sleep in diaries and chronotype and night/shift work on a baseline questionnaire. We evaluated percent differences in mean hormone concentrations, the magnitude of shifts in the timing and amplitude of hormone peaks, and the risk for sporadic anovulation associated with self-reported sleep patterns and night/shift work. We estimated chronotype scores - categorizing women below and above the interquartile range (IQR) as \"morning\" and \"evening\" chronotypes, respectively. For every hour increase in daily sleep duration, mean estradiol concentrations increased by 3.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.0, 5.9%) and luteal phase progesterone by 9.4% (CI 4.0, 15.2%). Receiving less than 7 hours of sleep per day was associated with slightly earlier rises in peak levels for several hormones. Women reporting night/shift work (n = 77) had lower testosterone relative to women employed without night/shift work (percent difference: -9.9%, CI -18.4, -0.4%). Women with morning chronotypes (n = 47) had earlier rises in estradiol during their cycles and potentially an earlier rise in luteinizing hormone. Compared to those who had intermediate chronotypes, women with evening chronotypes (n = 42) had a later luteinizing hormone peak of borderline statistical significance. A reduced risk for sporadic anovulation was suggested, but imprecise, for increasing hours of daily sleep leading up to ovulation (risk ratio 0.79, CI 0.59, 1.06), while an imprecise increased risk was observed for women with morning chronotypes (risk ratio 2.50, CI 0.93, 6.77). Sleep-related hormonal changes may not greatly alter ovarian function in healthy women, but have the potential to influence gynecologic health.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"37","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Chronobiology international"}}},"pageStart":"260","pageEnd":"271","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/07420528.2019.1694938","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91504950"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/07420528.2019.1694938"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31778080"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91504950"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/levonorgestrel-releasing-intrauterine-system-and-breast-cancer-risk-a-systematic-recturzrkt8gpngnw/","name":"Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system and breast cancer risk: A systematic  review and meta-analysis","headline":"Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system and breast cancer risk: A systematic  review and meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/levonorgestrel-releasing-intrauterine-system-and-breast-cancer-risk-a-systematic-recturzrkt8gpngnw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Teixeira Dória M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Françoise Mauricette Derchain S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Luis Bahamondes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7356-8428","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04wffgt70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Livia Conz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8277-3554","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04wffgt70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sophie Françoise Mauricette Derchain","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1029-9993","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04wffgt70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bruna Salani Mota","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9567-1066","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Setor de Mastologia da Clinica Ginecológica do ICESP - Instituto do Câncer do estado de São Paulo, Hospital das Clínicas Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo - FMUSP Sao Paulo Brazil","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036rp1748"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rachel Rieira","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9522-1871","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP Center of Health Tecnology, Hospital Sírio Libanês Sao Paulo Brazil","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r5mk904"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Luis Otavio Sarian","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9554-6131","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04wffgt70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maíra Teixeira Dória","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8671-2863","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04wffgt70"}}],"datePublished":"2020-01-29","abstract":"Introduction: Epidemiological studies have shown that some hormonal contraceptive methods are associated with increased breast cancer risk, especially if used over long periods. Our objective was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature on the risk of breast cancer development in women using the 52-mg levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS).\n\nMATERIAL AND Methods: We performed a thorough review of peer-reviewed publications from 10 January 1999, through 31 July 2019, using combinations of search terms for breast cancer risk and LNG-IUS in the Medline, EMBASE, LILACS (Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature), and Scielo databases. This review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42017059076). Studies reporting breast cancer risk estimates among healthy users of LNG-IUS were included according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis) criteria. Two authors performed data extraction, and a third author resolved disagreements. The quality of evidence was evaluated using the Downs and Black instrument. A funnel plot was generated, and a linear regression test of funnel plot asymmetry was used to assess publication bias. Finally, we performed a random-effects model (owing to high study heterogeneity) meta-analysis of seven suitable studies, stratified by the age distribution of patients (<50 years, ≥50 years, and mixed).\n\nResults: We identified 96 studies and manually cross-referenced and excluded duplicate articles. Seventy articles were excluded on the basis of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, resulting in the assessment of 26 full-text articles. Eight articles were considered adequate for inclusion in this systematic review, and seven studies were included in the meta-analysis. Three publications were case-control studies and five were cohort studies. According to the Downs and Black instrument, 5 studies were rated as \"good\" and 3 studies were deemed \"fair\". Our meta-analysis results indicated increased breast cancer risk in LNG-IUS users: for all women, odds ratio (OR) = 1.16 (95% CI 1.06-1.28, I(2) = 78%, P < .01); for women aged <50 years, OR = 1.12 (95% CI 1.02-1.22, I(2) = 66%, P = .02); and for women aged ≥50 years, OR = 1.52 (95% CI 1.34-1.72, I(2) = 0%, P = .84).\n\nConclusions: Current evidence suggests that LNG-IUS users have an increased breast cancer risk regardless of age and indication. The effect of LNG-IUS on breast cancer risk seems to be larger in older users. However, our systematic review detected methodological issues across the available studies, and confounding factors may be responsible for at least a fraction of the risk effects associated with LNG-IUS use. Nevertheless, users of LNG-IUS should be aware of these trends. We believe that caution is needed, and risks should be balanced against proven health benefits (eg effective treatment of heavy menstrual bleeding and avoidance of surgical interventions), when prescribing LNG-IUS for long periods of use, especially in women with other known breast cancer risk factors such as old age, obesity, and familial predisposition.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"99","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica"}}},"pageStart":"970","pageEnd":"982","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/aogs.13817","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92996054"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/aogs.13817"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31990981"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92996054"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/knowledge-about-the-impact-of-age-on-fertility-a-brief-review-reciwdnlhx5xsw5qq/","name":"Knowledge about the impact of age on fertility: a brief review","headline":"Knowledge about the impact of age on fertility: a brief review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/knowledge-about-the-impact-of-age-on-fertility-a-brief-review-reciwdnlhx5xsw5qq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ilse Delbaere","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8522-2512","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Katholieke Hogeschool Vives","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02rnb8t27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tanja Tydén","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2172-6527","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Uppsala University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01apvbh93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarah Verbiest","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2491-1170","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}}],"datePublished":"2020-01-23","abstract":"Delayed childbearing is currently a major challenge in reproductive medicine as increased age has an important impact on successful conception, both in natural and in assisted reproduction. There is a lack of knowledge about the impact of age on fertility, even in highly educated populations. A number of initiatives have been taken to increase fertility awareness. Health care providers have been encouraged to talk with patients about their reproductive life plan (RLP) for almost a decade based on recommendations from the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention. This concept has been explored successfully in Swedish contraception counselling. A growing number of online interventions aim to raise fertility awareness. These websites or interactive tools provide relevant information for individuals and couples as they consider whether they want children, when they should have them, and how many they may wish to have. These interventions are important, because research depicts that knowledge helps people in their decision-making process. With new fertility preservations such as egg freezing now available, additional education is needed to be sure that women and couples are well informed about the cost and low success rates of this intervention.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"125","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences"}}},"pageStart":"167","pageEnd":"174","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/03009734.2019.1707913","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92818191"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/03009734.2019.1707913"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31964217"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92818191"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/httpsnpttumsacirindexphpnptarticleview736-recwwtfrl5tyfmev0/","name":"The effect of the copper intrauterine device (Cu-IUD) and the injectable depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) use on women’s sexual satisfaction and depression","headline":"The effect of the copper intrauterine device (Cu-IUD) and the injectable depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) use on women’s sexual satisfaction and depression","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/httpsnpttumsacirindexphpnptarticleview736-recwwtfrl5tyfmev0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"SoleimanvandiAzar N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Samaneh Hagh Mohammadi-Pasand"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Samaneh Hagh-Mohammadi Pasanad","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Iranshahr University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00vp5ry21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kamal SHM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Farnaz Farnam","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1706-7079","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Iranshahr University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00vp5ry21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sajjadi H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maryam Damghanian","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4598-232X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Iranshahr University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00vp5ry21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ardakani HM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Forouzan AS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Salah Eddin Karimi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1542-0214","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tabriz University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04krpx645"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Harouni GG"}],"datePublished":"2020-01-22","abstract":"Background: Health service utilization (HSU) is a significant health and political issue. Awareness of factors that affect HSU and the status of health service utilization can help health professionals improve their services. The aim of this study was to investigate the status of HSU and identify the factors affecting health service utilization among households residing in Tehran.\n\nMethods: The present cross-sectional study included 1200 residing households from different regions of Tehran, the capital of Iran. They were selected by a multi-stage cluster sampling method in accordance with the zoning of Tehran concerning socio-economic development. Interviews were conducted by trained individuals using a health service utilization questionnaire introduced by the World Health Organization, Zimet's social support questionnaire, and demographic checklist during winter 2018 and spring 2019. Simple and multiple logistic regression models were applied to analyze the data. In order to include the factors related to the status of outpatient health service utilization, a set of bivariate analyses was conducted, and then the factors with a p-value of ≤0.20 were included in the multiple models. Data were analyzed using Stata 12 software.\n\nResults: The results of the study indicated that the rate of outpatient HSU among households residing in Tehran was 63.61% (CI:60, 66.80). In addition, regarding the results of the study, asset index of family (OR=0.51, 95% CI: 0.28, 0.91), the level of awareness and knowledge of family members regarding health issues (OR=0.55, 95% CI: 0.34, 0.88) as well as the mother knowledge on health issues (OR=0.64, 95% CI: 0.45, 0.93), the level of social support (OR = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.37,0.68), family health expenditure (OR=1.20, 95% CI: 1.18, 4.06), having a member with a sort of disability in family (OR=1.66, 95% CI: 1.01, 2.77), and having an alcoholic member in family (OR=2.44, 95% CI: 1.27, 4.68) were factors associated with outpatient HSU among households. Considering the adjusted values of odds ratios, the prevalence of the HSU varied according to the area of residence. It should be noted that the variables included in the model explained 15% of the changes in the prevalence of HSU.\n\nConclusion: According to the results of the study and in order to increase HSU in different classes, the level of social support, especially among women in the family due to their role in the general health of family members, should be enhanced. Also, policies should be adopted to increase the awareness, knowledge, and information of family members about health issues, lifestyle changes, nutrition, and health behaviors through social media.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nursing Practice Today"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.18502/npt.v7i1.2300","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.18502/npt.v7i1.2300"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-reproductive-microbiome-an-emerging-driver-of-sexual-selection-sexual-confli-rec86nweoinnwldl4/","name":"The Reproductive Microbiome: An Emerging Driver of Sexual Selection, Sexual Conflict, Mating Systems, and Reproductive Isolation","headline":"The Reproductive Microbiome: An Emerging Driver of Sexual Selection, Sexual Conflict, Mating Systems, and Reproductive Isolation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-reproductive-microbiome-an-emerging-driver-of-sexual-selection-sexual-confli-rec86nweoinnwldl4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Melissah Rowe","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4179-691X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oslo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01xtthb56"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Angus Buckling","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1170-4604","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Exeter","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yghzc09"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tommaso Pizzari","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5409-6840","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oxford","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052gg0110"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pål Trosvik","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oslo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01xtthb56"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Liisa Veerus","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oxford","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052gg0110"}}],"datePublished":"2020-01-19","abstract":"All multicellular organisms host microbial communities in and on their bodies, and these microbiomes can have major influences on host biology. Most research has focussed on the oral, skin, and gut microbiomes, whereas relatively little is known about the reproductive microbiome. Here, we review empirical evidence to show that reproductive microbiomes can have significant effects on the reproductive function and performance of males and females. We then discuss the likely repercussions of these effects for evolutionary processes related to sexual selection and sexual conflict, as well as mating systems and reproductive isolation. We argue that knowledge of the reproductive microbiome is fundamental to our understanding of the evolutionary ecology of reproductive strategies and sexual dynamics of host organisms.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"35","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Trends in Ecology & Evolution"}}},"pageStart":"220","pageEnd":"234","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2019.11.004","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92736405"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.tree.2019.11.004"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31952837"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92736405"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adiposity-and-endometriosis-severity-and-typology-recl44weedswbpshp/","name":"Adiposity and Endometriosis Severity and Typology","headline":"Adiposity and Endometriosis Severity and Typology","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adiposity-and-endometriosis-severity-and-typology-recl44weedswbpshp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C Matthew Peterson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4644-602X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Uba Backonja","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5997-549X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kristina Allen‐Brady","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9394-5211","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ken R Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0682-3705","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Germaine M Buck Louis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1774-4490","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kristina Allen-Brady","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6919-493X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jiyoung Byun","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1628-0206","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Public Health Department of Family and Preventive Medicine University of Utah  Salt Lake City Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/034de1n65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert N Taylor","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1423-6351","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility (Drs. Peterson and Taylor), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2020-01-14","abstract":"STUDY Objective: Prior research has collectively shown that endometriosis is inversely related to women's adiposity. The aim of this study was to assess whether this inverse relationship holds true by disease severity and typology.\nDesign: Cross-sectional study among women with no prior diagnosis of endometriosis.\nSetting: Fourteen clinical centers in Salt Lake City, UT, and San Francisco, CA.\n\nPatients: A total of 495 women (of which 473 were analyzed), aged 18-44 years, were enrolled in the operative cohort of the Endometriosis, Natural History, Diagnosis, and Outcomes (ENDO) Study.\n\nInterventions: Gynecologic laparoscopy/laparotomy regardless of clinical indication. MEASUREMENTS AND\n\nMAIN Results: Participants underwent anthropometric assessments, body composition measurements, and evaluations of body fat distribution ratios before surgery. Surgeons completed a standardized operative report immediately after surgery to capture revised American Society for Reproductive Medicine staging (I-IV) and typology of disease (superficial endometriosis [SE], ovarian endometrioma [OE], and deep infiltrating endometriosis [DIE]). Linear mixed models, taking into account within-clinical-center correlation, were used to generate least square means (95% confidence intervals) to assess differences in adiposity measures by endometriosis stage (no endometriosis, I-IV) and typology (no endometriosis, SE, DIE, OE, OE + DIE) adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, and parity. Although most confidence intervals were wide and overlapping, 3 general impressions emerged: (1) women with incident endometriosis had the lowest anthropometric/body composition indicators compared with those without incident endometriosis, (2) women with stage I or IV endometriosis had lower indicators compared with women with stage II or III, and (3) women with OE and/or DIE tended to have the lowest indicators, whereas women with SE had the highest indicators.\n\nConclusion: Our research highlights that the relationship between women's adiposity and endometriosis severity and typology may be more complicated than prior research indicates.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"27","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1516","pageEnd":"1523","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2020.01.002","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92574634"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jmig.2020.01.002"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31927045"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92574634"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormone-therapy-and-factors-affecting-fertility-of-women-under-50-year-old-with--reckdwlkt5marnn0b/","name":"Hormone Therapy and Factors Affecting Fertility of Women Under 50-Year-Old with  Breast Cancer","headline":"Hormone Therapy and Factors Affecting Fertility of Women Under 50-Year-Old with  Breast Cancer","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormone-therapy-and-factors-affecting-fertility-of-women-under-50-year-old-with--reckdwlkt5marnn0b/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mehdi Moradinazar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7033-6755","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vspf741"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Behjat Marzbani","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vspf741"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zeinab Moradinazar","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vspf741"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sara Shahabadi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vspf741"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karoon Shahebrahimi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vspf741"}}],"datePublished":"2020-01-11","abstract":"Background: Although the use of contraceptive hormones is a risk factor for development of breast cancer, level of risk is unknown; thus the current research was conducted to investigate the effect of factors related to fertility and hormone use on risk of breast cancer in women aged under 50 years old in the west of Iran.\n\nMethods: In this case-control study, all incidence cases of breast cancer aged between 25-49 years old (n=212) were selected. Twice as many as the case group, the individuals referred to other outpatient sections of the same hospital at the time of study and up to 2 years after the follow-up not diagnosed with breast or other cancers were selected as a control group. The data were collected using healthy fertility program and middle-aged periodical care forms developed by Iran's Ministry of Health (MOH).\n\nResults: After controlling for confounding variables, history of hormonal use for contraception (OR=2.02, 95% CI=1.2-3.3) and hormone therapies (OR=1.9, 95% CI=1.2-3.04) were identified as factors increasing the risk of breast cancer. Dose-response relationships between breast cancer and the use of hormones for contraception and hormone therapy indicated that these factors increased the risk of breast cancer. The risk was found to be higher in women who had been under hormone therapy for more than 120 months. With an increase in the age of the first menstruation, risk of breast cancer increased linearly, but with an increase in the age of the first pregnancy, risk of breast cancer increased exponentially. After 20 years of age, the risk increased with a steeper slope.\n\nConclusion: Considering the effect of hormone therapy and fertility factors on breast cancer and changeability of listed risk factors, the researchers suggest planning for sensitizing, increasing the awareness, and educating women and professionals regarding the influence of fertility and hormonal factors including pregnancy at lower ages, minimizing the use of hormones for contraception, and hormone therapy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Breast Cancer (Dove Medical Press)"}},"pageStart":"309","pageEnd":"319","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.2147/BCTT.S218394","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92534043"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2147/BCTT.S218394"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31920374"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92534043"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-berberine-on-reproduction-and-metabolism-in-women-with-polycystic--rec1u31ys75ymw8g2/","name":"The Effect of Berberine on Reproduction and Metabolism in Women with Polycystic  Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Control  Trials","headline":"The Effect of Berberine on Reproduction and Metabolism in Women with Polycystic  Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Control  Trials","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-berberine-on-reproduction-and-metabolism-in-women-with-polycystic--rec1u31ys75ymw8g2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Liangzhen Xie","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1375-1666","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01c0exk17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Duojia Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5290-9003","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01c0exk17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hui He","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7189-3075","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05x1ptx12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qing Xia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2771-5542","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05x1ptx12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wenjuan Shen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7198-8023","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01c0exk17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hsun-Ming Chang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9742-6670","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yingying Deng","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4788-9404","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wenzhou Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00rd5t069"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qing Wu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7248-9755","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wadsworth Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/050kf9c55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jing Cong","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2613-9209","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01c0exk17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hongli Ma","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6921-4301","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Centers","sameAs":"https://ror.org/033tgbx59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Caixia Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1534-5135","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059cjpv64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xueqing Wu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6531-8349","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanxi Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0265d1010"}}],"datePublished":"2020-01-10","abstract":"Purpose: To assess the efficacy and safety of berberine on reproductive endocrine and metabolic outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).\n\nMethods: PubMed (from 1950), the Cochrane Library, the CNKI (from 1979), the VIP (from 1989), and the Wanfang Data (from 1990) and the reference lists of the retrieved articles were searched for randomized controlled trials in human beings with the search terms including \"polycystic ovary syndrome/PCOS\" and \"berberine/BBR/Huangliansu (in Chinese)/Xiao bojian (in Chinese)\" till 30 May 2019. Relevant indicators were collected and the data were analyzed by using RevMan 5.3 software.\n\nResults: Eventually, a total of 12 randomized controlled trials were included in this systematic review. Our study suggested that berberine had similar live birth rates compared with placebo or metformin and lower live birth rates (RR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.44 to 0.82) compared with letrozole. There was a significant difference between berberine and placebo and between berberine and no treatment in terms of decreasing total testosterone and luteinizing hormone to follicle-stimulating hormone (LH/FSH) ratio (8 RCTs, 577 participants, MD: -0.34, 95% CI: -0.47 to -0.20; 3 RCTs, 179 participants, MD: -0.44, 95% CI: -0.68 to -0.21, respectively). Berberine was associated with decreasing total cholesterol (3 RCTs, 201 participants; MD: -0.44, 95% CI: -0.60 to -0.29), waist circumference (3 RCTs, 197 participants, MD: -2.74, 95% CI: -4.55 to -0.93), and waist-to-hip ratio (4 RCTs, 258 participants, MD: -0.04, 95% CI: -0.05 to -0.03) compared with metformin, but not with improved BMI (4 RCTs, 262 participants, MD: -0.03, 95% CI: -0.46 to 0.39). Berberine did not increase the incidence of gastrointestinal adverse events (3 RCTs, 567 participants, RR: 1.01, 95% CI: 0.76 to 1.35) or serious events during pregnancy (RR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.70 to 1.37) compared with placebo.\n\nConclusion: This review found no solid evidence that berberine could improve live birth or other clinical outcomes in women with PCOS. However, berberine appeared to be more efficacious for improving insulin resistance and dyslipidemia and decreasing androgen levels and LH/FSH ratio in women with PCOS when compared with metformin.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2019","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM"}},"pageStart":"7918631","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/7918631","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92504214"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1155/2019/7918631"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31915452"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92504214"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effects-of-folic-acid-and-zinc-supplementation-in-men-on-semen-quality-and-l-recesjq2tl40zvfnq/","name":"Effect of Folic Acid and Zinc Supplementation in Men on Semen Quality and Live Birth Among Couples Undergoing Infertility Treatment: A Randomized Clinical Trial","headline":"Effect of Folic Acid and Zinc Supplementation in Men on Semen Quality and Live Birth Among Couples Undergoing Infertility Treatment: A Randomized Clinical Trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effects-of-folic-acid-and-zinc-supplementation-in-men-on-semen-quality-and-l-recesjq2tl40zvfnq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shriver EK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindsey A Sjaarda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0539-8110","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Traci E. Clemons","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4865-7434","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Emmes (United States)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027fvqp63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Douglas T Carrell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6471-2803","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neil J Perkins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6802-4733","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Erica Johnstone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3382-3500","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Denise Lamb","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kayla Chaney","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Emmes (United States)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027fvqp63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bradley J. Van Voorhis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1455-0164","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Iowa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036jqmy94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ginny L. Ryan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2819-3249","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Iowa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036jqmy94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen M. Summers","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9868-2385","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Iowa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036jqmy94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"James M Hotaling","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4401-4565","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jared C Robins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9796-875X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Northwestern University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/000e0be47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"James L Mills","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4955-4384","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ninewells Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/039c6rk82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pauline Mendola","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5330-2844","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University at Buffalo, State University of New York","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhian Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6423-105X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elizabeth A DeVilbiss","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8840-0505","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Matthew Peterson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4644-602X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}}],"datePublished":"2020-01-07","abstract":"Importance: Dietary supplements marketed for male fertility commonly contain folic acid and zinc based on limited prior evidence for improving semen quality. However, no large-scale trial has examined the efficacy of this therapy for improving semen quality or live birth.\n\nObjective: To determine the effect of daily folic acid and zinc supplementation on semen quality and live birth.Design, setting, and participantsThe Folic Acid and Zinc Supplementation Trial was a multicenter randomized clinical trial. Couples (n = 2370; men aged ≥18 years and women aged 18-45 years) planning infertility treatment were enrolled at 4 US reproductive endocrinology and infertility care study centers between June 2013 and December 2017. The last 6-month study visit for semen collection occurred during August 2018, with chart abstraction of live birth and pregnancy information completed during April 2019.\n\nInterventions: Men were block randomized by study center and planned infertility treatment (in vitro fertilization, other treatment at a study site, and other treatment at an outside clinic) to receive either 5 mg of folic acid and 30 mg of elemental zinc (n = 1185) or placebo (n = 1185) daily for 6 months.Main outcomes and measuresThe co-primary outcomes were live birth (resulting from pregnancies occurring within 9 months of randomization) and semen quality parameters (sperm concentration, motility, morphology, volume, DNA fragmentation, and total motile sperm count) at 6 months after randomization.\n\nResults: Among 2370 men who were randomized (mean age, 33 years), 1773 (75%) attended the final 6-month study visit. Live birth outcomes were available for all couples, and 1629 men (69%) had semen available for analysis at 6 months after randomization. Live birth was not significantly different between treatment groups (404 [34%] in the folic acid and zinc group and 416 [35%] in the placebo group; risk difference, -0.9% [95% CI, -4.7% to 2.8%]). Most of the semen quality parameters (sperm concentration, motility, morphology, volume, and total motile sperm count) were not significantly different between treatment groups at 6 months after randomization. A statistically significant increase in DNA fragmentation was observed with folic acid and zinc supplementation (mean of 29.7% for percentage of DNA fragmentation in the folic acid and zinc group and 27.2% in the placebo group; mean difference, 2.4% [95% CI, 0.5% to 4.4%]). Gastrointestinal symptoms were more common with folic acid and zinc supplementation compared with placebo (abdominal discomfort or pain: 66 [6%] vs 40 [3%], respectively; nausea: 50 [4%] vs 24 [2%]; and vomiting: 32 [3%] vs 17 [1%]).\n\nConclusions and relevanceAmong a general population of couples seeking infertility treatment, the use of folic acid and zinc supplementation by male partners, compared with placebo, did not significantly improve semen quality or couples' live birth rates. These findings do not support the use of folic acid and zinc supplementation by male partners in the treatment of infertility.\n\nTrial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01857310.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"323","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA"}}},"pageStart":"35","pageEnd":"48","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2019.18714","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90619643"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jama.2019.18714"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31910279"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q90619643"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/perfluorooctanoic-acid-alters-progesterone-activity-in-human-endometrial-cells-a-recekj2yoxfqf6vuz/","name":"Perfluorooctanoic acid alters progesterone activity in human endometrial cells and induces reproductive alterations in young women","headline":"Perfluorooctanoic acid alters progesterone activity in human endometrial cells and induces reproductive alterations in young women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/perfluorooctanoic-acid-alters-progesterone-activity-in-human-endometrial-cells-a-recekj2yoxfqf6vuz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M S Rocca","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4794-9745","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Istituto Oncologico Veneto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01xcjmy57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M De Rocco Ponce","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7591-8324","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Padua","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00240q980"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"De Rocco Ponce M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Corsini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9603-1589","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Padua","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00240q980"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Guidolin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2133-3552","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Padua","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00240q980"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Zanon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2539-7238","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Città della Speranza Foundation","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05h0e2y85"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A R Carosso","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7734-4499","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Turin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/048tbm396"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L De Toni","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8361-3931","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Padua","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00240q980"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Foresta","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6576-2183","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Padua","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00240q980"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Acquasaliente","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Di Nisio","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Padua","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00240q980"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"I Sabovic","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Padua","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00240q980"}}],"datePublished":"2020-01-04","abstract":"Female fecundity is finely regulated by hormonal signaling, representing a potential target for endocrine-disrupting chemicals. Among the chemicals of most concern are the perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), widely used in consumer goods, that are associated with adverse effects on reproductive health. In this context, the endometrium clearly represents an important fertility determining factor. The aim of this study was to investigate PFAS interference on hormonal endometrial regulation. This study was performed within a screening protocol to evaluate reproductive health in high schools. We studied a cohort of 146 exposed females aged 18-21 from the Veneto region in Italy, one of the four areas worldwide heavily polluted with PFAS, and 1080 non-exposed controls. In experiments on Ishikawa cells included UV-Vis spectroscopy, microarray analysis and qPCR. We report a significant dysregulation of the genetic cascade leading to embryo implantation and endometrial receptivity. The most differentially-expressed genes upon PFOA coincubation were ITGB8, KLF5, WNT11, SULT1E1, ALPPL2 and G0S2 (all p < 0.01). By qPCR, we confirmed an antagonistic effect of PFOA on all these genes, which was reversed at higher progesterone levels. Molecular interference of PFOA on progesterone was confirmed by an increase in the intensity of absorption spectra at 250 nm in a dose-dependent manner, but not in the presence of β-estradiol. Age at menarche (+164 days, p = 0.006) and the frequency of girls with irregular periods (29.5% vs 21.5%, p = 0.022) were significantly higher in the exposed group. Our results are indicative of endocrine-disrupting activity of PFAS on progesterone-mediated endometrial function.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"242","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Chemosphere"}},"pageStart":"125208","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125208","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92377033"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125208"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31896193"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92377033"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/transcutaneous-electrical-nerve-stimulation-tens-for-primary-dysmenorrhea-an-ove-0tldle4y/","name":"Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) for Primary Dysmenorrhea: An Overview","headline":"Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) for Primary Dysmenorrhea: An Overview","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/transcutaneous-electrical-nerve-stimulation-tens-for-primary-dysmenorrhea-an-ove-0tldle4y/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Elboim-Gabyzon M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kalichman L"}],"datePublished":"2020-01-01","abstract":"Primary dysmenorrhea is a chronic health condition that affects primarily young women. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) has been suggested as an effective pain reduction modality in primary dysmenorrhea. TENS is a noninvasive, inexpensive, portable method with minimal risks and a few contraindications. When necessary, it can be self-administered on a daily basis during everyday activities. Several studies have investigated the effectiveness of TENS in reducing pain, decreasing the use of analgesics, and improving the quality of life in primary dysmenorrhea patients. These studies have some limitations in methodological quality and therapeutic validation. However, the overall positive effects of TENS in primary dysmenorrhea encountered in all prior studies indicated its potential value. This review presents the clinical recommendations for TENS parameters for treating primary dysmenorrhea symptoms based on previously published studies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International journal of women's health"}},"pageStart":"1","pageEnd":"10","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S220523","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q89538579"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2147/IJWH.S220523"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32021488"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q89538579"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-reply-recixkbu9i6ktcgqv/","name":"Endometriosis. Reply","headline":"Endometriosis. Reply","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-reply-recixkbu9i6ktcgqv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Christian M Becker","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9870-9581","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oxford","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052gg0110"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stacey A Missmer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1768-7705","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Michigan State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Krina T Zondervan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0275-9905","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institut Gustave Roussy","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0321g0743"}}],"datePublished":"2020-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England journal of medicine"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc2013221","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJMc2013221"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32640140"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pain-and-quality-of-life-after-laparoscopic-excision-of-endometriosis-rec6a5hhrhgqnwsng/","name":"Pain and Quality of Life after Laparoscopic Excision of Endometriosis","headline":"Pain and Quality of Life after Laparoscopic Excision of Endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pain-and-quality-of-life-after-laparoscopic-excision-of-endometriosis-rec6a5hhrhgqnwsng/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Isabel Fulcher","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1209-824X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nicole Donnellan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9872-0249","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pittsburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Noah B. Rindos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4058-8008","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pittsburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"}}],"datePublished":"2020-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2020.03.013","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91769210"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jmig.2020.03.013"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91769210"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/author-correction-oral-micronized-progesterone-for-perimenopausal-night-sweats-and-hot-flushes-a-phase-iii-canada-wide-randomized-placebo-controlled-4-month-trial-recfb7ge5asovi3fz/","name":"Author Correction: Oral micronized progesterone for perimenopausal night sweats and hot flushes a Phase III Canada-wide randomized placebo-controlled 4 month trial","headline":"Author Correction: Oral micronized progesterone for perimenopausal night sweats and hot flushes a Phase III Canada-wide randomized placebo-controlled 4 month trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/author-correction-oral-micronized-progesterone-for-perimenopausal-night-sweats-and-hot-flushes-a-phase-iii-canada-wide-randomized-placebo-controlled-4-month-trial-recfb7ge5asovi3fz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patricia A. Janssen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4178-1195","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Health Research Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0455vfz21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Terry Lee","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1878-0298","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Advancing Health Outcomes","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04g6gva85"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joel Singer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5828-4961","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00frst980"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrea Cameron","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7570-9119","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michelle Fung","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2370-6611","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine L Hitchcock","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation Research, Division of Endocrinology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2020-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"SSRN Electronic Journal"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3517407","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2139/ssrn.3517407"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/paradigm-shift-in-pathophysiology-of-vasomotor-symptoms-effects-of-estradiol-wit-recgtx3chg3sgx0pi/","name":"Paradigm shift in pathophysiology of vasomotor symptoms: Effects of estradiol withdrawal and progesterone therapy","headline":"Paradigm shift in pathophysiology of vasomotor symptoms: Effects of estradiol withdrawal and progesterone therapy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/paradigm-shift-in-pathophysiology-of-vasomotor-symptoms-effects-of-estradiol-wit-recgtx3chg3sgx0pi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yubo Fan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Peking Union Medical College Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04jztag35"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rong Tang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6344-0613","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shandong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0207yh398"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rong Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8267-3344","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Peking Union Medical College Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04jztag35"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2020-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models"}},"pageStart":"59","pageEnd":"69","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ddmod.2020.11.004","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ddmod.2020.11.004"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/levonorgestrel-iud-is-there-a-longlasting-effect-on-return-to-fertility-8itggh7r/","name":"Levonorgestrel IUD: is there a long-lasting effect on return to fertility?","headline":"Levonorgestrel IUD: is there a long-lasting effect on return to fertility?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/levonorgestrel-iud-is-there-a-longlasting-effect-on-return-to-fertility-8itggh7r/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Dinehart E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ruth B Lathi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2159-2714","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aghajanova L","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3515-9252"}],"datePublished":"2020-01-01","abstract":"Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are effective and safe long-acting reversible contraceptive methods for preventing unplanned pregnancies. While extensive studies were conducted to evaluate return to fertility after removal of IUDs, majority of them were focused on multiparous women using copper IUDs. Current trends indicate increased use of levonorgestrel (LNG) IUDs in nulliparous women for very long periods of time, with both nulliparity and long duration of LNG-IUD use being potentially associated with trends towards longer time to conception post removal. Understanding the effects that LNG-IUDs may have on endometrial morphology and gene expression has important implications to further understanding their mechanism of action. Studies examining endometrial gene expression show persistent changes in receptivity markers up to 1 year after removal of an inert IUD, and no similar studies have been performed after removal of LNG-IUDs. Given the current gap in the literature and trends in LNG-IUD use in nulliparous young women, studies are needed that specifically look at the interaction of nulliparity, long-term use of LNG-IUD, and return to normal fertility. Herein, we review the available literature on the mechanism of action of IUDs with a specific focus on the effect on endometrial gene expression profile changes associated with IUDs.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"37","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics"}}},"pageStart":"45","pageEnd":"52","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-019-01624-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91220804"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s10815-019-01624-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31709489"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91220804"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ethnic-diversity-in-fertility-treatment-2018-recqxdvez6xvopj17/","name":"Ethnic Diversity in Fertility Treatment 2018","headline":"Ethnic Diversity in Fertility Treatment 2018","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ethnic-diversity-in-fertility-treatment-2018-recqxdvez6xvopj17/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority"}],"datePublished":"2020-01-01","abstract":"# Ethnic diversity in fertility treatment 2018\nUK ethnicity statistics for IVF and DI fertility treatment\nPublished: March 2021\n[**Download the underlying dataset as .xlsx (27kb)**](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/media/3348/2021-03-03-bame-report-suppl_mental-underlying-data-final.xlsx \"download the underlying data as .xlsx\").\n## Table of contents\n- [Main points](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/ethnic-diversity-in-fertility-treatment-2018/#mainpoints)\n- [Introduction](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/ethnic-diversity-in-fertility-treatment-2018/#introduction)\n- [Section 1. IVF birth rates lowest for patients of Black ethnicities](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/ethnic-diversity-in-fertility-treatment-2018/#Section1)\n- [Section 2. Multiple birth rate higher on average for Black patients](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/ethnic-diversity-in-fertility-treatment-2018/#Section2)\n- [Section 3. White egg donors most commonly used across all ethnic groups](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/ethnic-diversity-in-fertility-treatment-2018/#Section3)\n- [Section 4. Fewer Asian egg and sperm donors compared to UK Asian population](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/ethnic-diversity-in-fertility-treatment-2018/#Section4)\n- [Section 5. Asian patients represent a larger proportion of IVF users](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/ethnic-diversity-in-fertility-treatment-2018/#Section5)\n- [Section 6. Variation in NHS-funded IVF cycles between cycles in larger in younger age groups](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/ethnic-diversity-in-fertility-treatment-2018/#Section6)\n- [Section 7. Black patients start IVF later than other ethnic groups](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/ethnic-diversit...","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chemical-signals-from-eggs-facilitate-cryptic-female-choice-in-humans-bcjrilfp/","name":"Chemical signals from eggs facilitate cryptic female choice in humans","headline":"Chemical signals from eggs facilitate cryptic female choice in humans","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chemical-signals-from-eggs-facilitate-cryptic-female-choice-in-humans-bcjrilfp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Fitzpatrick JL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Willis C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Devigili A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Young A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carroll M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hunter HR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brison DR","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4307-1293"}],"datePublished":"2020-01-01","abstract":"Mate choice can continue after mating via chemical communication between the female reproductive system and sperm. While there is a growing appreciation that females can bias sperm use and paternity by exerting cryptic female choice for preferred males, we know surprisingly little about the mechanisms underlying these post-mating choices. In particular, whether chemical signals released from eggs (chemoattractants) allow females to exert cryptic female choice to favour sperm from specific males remains an open question, particularly in species (including humans) where adults exercise pre-mating mate choice. Here, we adapt a classic dichotomous mate choice assay to the microscopic scale to assess gamete-mediated mate choice in humans. We examined how sperm respond to follicular fluid, a source of human sperm chemoattractants, from either their partner or a non-partner female when experiencing a simultaneous or non-simultaneous choice between follicular fluids. We report robust evidence under these two distinct experimental conditions that follicular fluid from different females consistently and differentially attracts sperm from specific males. This chemoattractant-moderated choice of sperm offers eggs an avenue to exercise independent mate preference. Indeed, gamete-mediated mate choice did not reinforce pre-mating human mate choice decisions. Our results demonstrate that chemoattractants facilitate gamete-mediated mate choice in humans, which offers females the opportunity to exert cryptic female choice for sperm from specific males.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Proceedings. Biological sciences"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.0805","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1098/rspb.2020.0805"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32517615"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/postpartum-lactational-amenorrhea-and-recovery-of-reproductive-function-and-norm-rec9qvoae0cjdt33r/","name":"Postpartum Lactational Amenorrhea and Recovery of Reproductive Function and Normal Ovulatory Menstruation","headline":"Postpartum Lactational Amenorrhea and Recovery of Reproductive Function and Normal Ovulatory Menstruation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/postpartum-lactational-amenorrhea-and-recovery-of-reproductive-function-and-norm-rec9qvoae0cjdt33r/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2020-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Endocrinology"},"pageStart":"207","pageEnd":"214","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-814823-5.00015-5","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/b978-0-12-814823-5.00015-5"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/inflammation-and-oral-contraceptive-use-in-female-athletes-before-the-rio-olympi-jbqscucs/","name":"Inflammation and Oral Contraceptive Use in Female Athletes Before the Rio Olympic Games","headline":"Inflammation and Oral Contraceptive Use in Female Athletes Before the Rio Olympic Games","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/inflammation-and-oral-contraceptive-use-in-female-athletes-before-the-rio-olympi-jbqscucs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Larsen B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cox A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Colbey C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Drew M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"McGuire H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fazekas de St Groth B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hughes D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vlahovich N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Waddington G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Burke L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"West N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Minahan C"}],"datePublished":"2020-01-01","abstract":"This study investigated the association between synthetic ovarian hormone use [i.e., the oral contraceptive (OC) pill] and basal C-reactive protein (CRP), peripheral blood immune cell subsets, and circulating pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine concentrations in elite female athletes. Elite female athletes (n = 53) selected in Rio Summer Olympic squads participated in this study; 25 were taking an OC (AthletesOC) and 28 were naturally hormonally cycling (AthletesNC). Venous blood samples were collected at rest for the determination of sex hormones, cortisol, CRP, peripheral blood mononuclear memory and naïve CD4+ T-cells, CD8+ T-cells and natural killer cells, as well as pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine concentrations. C-reactive protein concentrations were elevated (p < 0.001) in AthletesOC (median = 2.02, IQR = 3.15) compared to AthletesNC (median = 0.57, IQR = 1.07). No differences were reported for cortisol, cytokines, or PBMC immune cell subsets, although there was a trend (p = 0.062) for higher IL-6 concentrations in AthletesNC. Female Olympians had substantially higher CRP concentrations, a marker of inflammation and tissue damage, before the Rio Olympic Games if they used an OC. Future research should examine the potential consequences for athlete performance/recovery so that, if necessary, practitioners can implement prevention programs.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in physiology"}},"pageStart":"497","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2020.00497","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96304612"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fphys.2020.00497"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32523546"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q96304612"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-central-role-of-ovulatory-disturbances-in-the-etiology-of-androgenic-polycys-recfsetiptvjvrdf4/","name":"The central role of ovulatory disturbances in the etiology of androgenic polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)—Evidence for treatment with cyclic progesterone","headline":"The central role of ovulatory disturbances in the etiology of androgenic polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)—Evidence for treatment with cyclic progesterone","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-central-role-of-ovulatory-disturbances-in-the-etiology-of-androgenic-polycys-recfsetiptvjvrdf4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lara Briden","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sonia Shirin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7866-3419","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2020-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models"}},"pageStart":"71","pageEnd":"82","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ddmod.2020.11.008","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ddmod.2020.11.008"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstrual-cycle-phases-and-exposure-to-environmental-contaminants-menstrual-cycle-and-ovulation-study-2-mos2-recroneynm6qnq2ul/","name":"Menstrual cycle phases and exposure to environmental contaminants : Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation Study 2 (MOS2)","headline":"Menstrual cycle phases and exposure to environmental contaminants : Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation Study 2 (MOS2)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstrual-cycle-phases-and-exposure-to-environmental-contaminants-menstrual-cycle-and-ovulation-study-2-mos2-recroneynm6qnq2ul/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Constance Bos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2739-1227","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Constance B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chen, Michael X."},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan I Barr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8701-7152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"I. BS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrew K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Krahn, Andrew"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alex Scott","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4983-6688","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Charlotte W"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Waugh, Charlotte"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jackie W"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Whitaker, Jackie"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kipling S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kipling Squier","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6293-8270","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexander S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5886-4238","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Australian National University"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Azita Goshtasebi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dharani Kalidasan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8098-3435","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sonia Shirin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7866-3419","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"X. CM","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8205-5914","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China"}}],"datePublished":"2020-01-01","abstract":"In 2006-2008, 610 premenopausal, spontaneously menstruating women in the Metro Vancouver region participated in a Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)-funded singlecycle in which they collected first morning urine specimens for estrogen and progesterone metabolites1. Following that study, after analyses, we retrieved the remaining urine specimens from the analyzing laboratory (University of Washington). We sorted data so that samples from all those women who were anovulatory by the two combined urinary steroid evaluation methods2,3, plus from those who were ovulatory with the highest and the lowest urinary hormone values were shipped to Health Canada (HC) via Dr. Warren Foster’s laboratory at McMaster University. Those data on flame retardant contaminants in women’s urine have been published4, but the cycle-phase specific data are still in analysis (personal communication, S Kalyan, 2019). In 2017, HC basic scientists launched applications to HC to fund a similar study to assess flame retardant excretory changes in the same population/locale 10 years later. This application was funded in 2018 at Health Canada with Dr. JC Prior as a collaborator. Extensive negotiations by CeMCOR and HC scientists ensued about funding the process of obtaining these follow-up specimens. CeMCOR managed to obtain a HC agreement to fund the minimal cost of recruiting, training and obtaining two menstrual phase-specific urine specimens from 250 Metro Vancouver women. Because of the lack of a progesterone threshold for ovulation, we will collect one follicular and one luteal/premenstrual urine sample per woman. However, this time we will better characterize the ovulatory cycle using a validated quantitative basal temperature method5,6 that can assess luteal phase length as well as the presence/absence of evidence for ovulation. In addition we will collect serial salivary progesterone and estradiol values measured by the state-of-the-art sensitive and specific tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) methods7 to use as the gold standard for an ovulatory cycle. There is increasing evidence that many variables differ across women’s two main menstrual cycle phases: follicular and luteal7-10. These real and potential differences in metabolism may alter the susceptibility of women to environment exposures, and also could change their urinary elimination. Those are the root reasons for doing this study.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Open Collections"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.14288/1.0395296","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.14288/1.0395296"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lowdose-naltrexone-as-a-treatment-for-chronic-fatigue-syndrome-lh30idct/","name":"Low-dose naltrexone as a treatment for chronic fatigue syndrome","headline":"Low-dose naltrexone as a treatment for chronic fatigue syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lowdose-naltrexone-as-a-treatment-for-chronic-fatigue-syndrome-lh30idct/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bolton MJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chapman BP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Van Marwijk H"}],"datePublished":"2020-01-01","abstract":"Naltrexone is used as an off-label treatment in low doses for several chronic immune-modulated disorders in many countries. Although only small-scale clinical trials have been performed, these suggest efficacy in several diseases including Crohn’s disease, fibromyalgia and Gulf War Illness. Despite numerous internet reports of response to low-dose naltrexone (LDN), no clinical trials exist in people with chronic fatigue syndrome. This condition is characterised by chronic profound fatigue, postexertional malaise, pain and autonomic and neurocognitive disturbances. This series of three case reports compiled by people with long-term ill-health due to chronic fatigue syndrome shows the range of responses they observed when taking LDN, from life changing to a reduction in some symptoms only. Treatment doses ranged from 4 to 12 mg. Clinical trials may be warranted to explore the potential use of naltrexone in people with these debilitating illnesses which currently have no licensed treatments available.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ Case Reports"}}},"pageStart":"e232502","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2019-232502","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bcr-2019-232502"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reproductive-capacity-and-recurrence-of-disease-after-surgery-for-moderate-and-s-recf1vqv2ggxv7b0v/","name":"Reproductive capacity and recurrence of disease after surgery for moderate and severe endometriosis - a retrospective single center analysis","headline":"Reproductive capacity and recurrence of disease after surgery for moderate and severe endometriosis - a retrospective single center analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reproductive-capacity-and-recurrence-of-disease-after-surgery-for-moderate-and-s-recf1vqv2ggxv7b0v/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Matthias Jentschke","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7613-1531","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medizinische Hochschule Hannover","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f2yqf98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peter Hillemanns","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9829-3531","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medizinische Hochschule Hannover","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f2yqf98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sudip Kundu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2386-4912","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medizinische Hochschule Hannover","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f2yqf98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Janina Bartels","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medizinische Hochschule Hannover","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f2yqf98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Guillermo-José Garcia-Rocha","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medizinische Hochschule Hannover","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f2yqf98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cordula Schippert","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2714-6072","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medizinische Hochschule Hannover","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f2yqf98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yvonne Witte","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medizinische Hochschule Hannover","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f2yqf98"}}],"datePublished":"2020-01-01","abstract":"Background Endometriosis can be associated with considerable pain and sterility. After surgical excision of moderate or severe endometriosis lesions, the rate of recurrence reaches up to 67%. The objective of this retrospective study was to establish the recurrence and pregnancy rates following surgical resection of stage III/IV endometriosis lesions. Indications for operation were endometriosis symptoms, sonographic findings and/or infertility. Methods A total of 456 patients who underwent stage III/IV endometriosis surgery between 2004 and 2014 were sent a questionnaire relating to their postoperative medical treatment, pregnancies, relief of symptoms and recurrence. Responses of 206 patients (45.2%) and their clinical data were analysed for this study. Results A total of 66.5% ( N = 137) of patients had stage III disease, and 33.5% ( N = 69) had stage IV disease. The average age was 37 years (17–59). A total of 63.1% ( N = 130) of surgeries were performed by laparoscopy, 21.8% ( N = 45) were performed by laparotomy and 15% ( N = 31) were performed by conversion. Complete resection of endometriosis lesions was achieved in 90.8% of patients ( N = 187). After surgery, 48.5% ( N = 100) of the women did not receive hormonal treatment; the main reason was the desire for children in 53%. Complete or partial relief in complaints was achieved in 93.2% ( N = 192). The rate of recurrence was 21.8% ( N = 45). The statistically significant factors that was associated with a higher risk to develop recurrence was an age < 35 ( p < 0.005). After surgery, 65.8% (79/120) of patients who wished to have children became pregnant. There was a statistically significant association among a higher postoperative pregnancy rate and age < 35 ( p < 0.003) in multivariate logistic regression analysis and laparoscopic surgical access in univariate logistic regression analysis ( p < 0.01). Conclusion We assessed the high percentage of complete or partial relief of symptoms of 93.2%, the high postoperative pregnancy rate of 65.8% and the low rate of recurrence of 21.8% compared to international literature to be very encouraging for women suffering from moderate and severe endometriosis. Though laparoscopy is considered the ‘gold standard’of endometriosis surgery, laparotomy still may be indicated in patients with extensive endometriosis especially to preserve reproductive function.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"20","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMC Women's Health"}}},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-020-01016-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q97521462"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s12905-020-01016-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32660473"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q97521462"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/balanced-actions-of-estradiol-and-progesteronea-new-paradigm-of-womens-reproduct-reclaw82yei1tgtvo/","name":"Balanced actions of estradiol and progesterone—A new paradigm of women’s reproductive health","headline":"Balanced actions of estradiol and progesterone—A new paradigm of women’s reproductive health","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/balanced-actions-of-estradiol-and-progesteronea-new-paradigm-of-womens-reproduct-reclaw82yei1tgtvo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2020-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models"}},"pageStart":"27","pageEnd":"29","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ddmod.2020.11.007","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ddmod.2020.11.007"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2019-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2019-nckxqino/","name":"DIR Jahrbuch 2019 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2019)","headline":"DIR Jahrbuch 2019 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2019)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2019-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2019-nckxqino/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register e.V."}],"datePublished":"2020-01-01","abstract":"Annual report (Jahrbuch) of the Deutsches IVF-Register (DIR) for treatment year 2019. DIR is the German national IVF/ICSI registry, founded 1982 — the oldest continuously operating ART registry. Voluntary professional-society database with high de-facto coverage of German fertility centres. Reports cycles, transfers, pregnancies and clinical outcomes by treatment type (IVF, ICSI, frozen embryo transfer, donor). German-language registry document. Used as a Phase B historical-archive source for the ART Registry Comparison study (cross-registry classification by reporting completeness on 7 framework dimensions).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register Jahrbuch"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-moral-fonts-on-action-and-decision-making-recdb1gsnnvscvktq/","name":"Effects of Moral Fonts on Action and Decision Making","headline":"Effects of Moral Fonts on Action and Decision Making","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-moral-fonts-on-action-and-decision-making-recdb1gsnnvscvktq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Furton EJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cataldo PJ"}],"datePublished":"2020-01-01","abstract":"This landmark publication is in its second edition has been completely revised and updated to reflect recent developments in magisterial teaching and scientific research. More than thirty authors, who are experts in their fields, examine moral action theory, key ethical principles, ethics committees, the embryo and fetus, contraception, reproductive technologies, difficult pregnancies, rape protocols, the determination of death, palliative care, nutrition and hydration, the persistent vegetative state, do-not-resuscitate orders, health care proxies, organ donation, vaccination refusals, genetic medicine, human experimentation, religious freedom, triage, cooperation with evil, state mandates, organizational ethics, and other topics. Catholic Health Care Ethics is an ideal resource for classroom use in colleges and universities, as well as in nursing schools and by ethics committees in hospitals and other health care facilities.","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sustainable-use-of-nanomaterials-in-textiles-and-their-environmental-impact-sa87cnsm/","name":"Sustainable Use of Nanomaterials in Textiles and Their Environmental Impact","headline":"Sustainable Use of Nanomaterials in Textiles and Their Environmental Impact","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sustainable-use-of-nanomaterials-in-textiles-and-their-environmental-impact-sa87cnsm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Saleem H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zaidi SJ"}],"datePublished":"2020-01-01","abstract":"At present, nanotechnology is a priority in research in several nations due to its massive capability and financial impact. However, due to the uncertainties and abnormalities in shape, size, and chemical compositions, the existence of certain nanomaterials may lead to dangerous effects on the human health and environment. The present review includes the different advanced applications of nanomaterials in textiles industries, as well as their associated environmental and health risks. The four main textile industry fields using nanomaterials, nanofinishing, nanocoatings, nanofibers, and nanocomposites, are analyzed. Different functional textiles with nanomaterials are also briefly reviewed. Most textile materials are in direct and prolonged contact with our skin. Hence, the influence of carcinogenic and toxic substances that are available in textiles must be comprehensively examined. Proper recognition of the conceivable benefits and accidental hazards of nanomaterials to our surroundings is significant for pursuing its development in the forthcoming years. The conclusions of the current paper are anticipated to increase awareness on the possible influence of nanomaterial-containing textile wastes and the significance of better regulations in regards to the ultimate disposal of these wastes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Materials (Basel)"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13225134","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102138774"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/ma13225134"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q102138774"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/longterm-risk-of-de-novo-mental-health-conditions-after-hysterectomy-with-ovaria-sta0xgxv/","name":"Long-term risk of de novo mental health conditions after hysterectomy with ovarian conservation: a cohort study","headline":"Long-term risk of de novo mental health conditions after hysterectomy with ovarian conservation: a cohort study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/longterm-risk-of-de-novo-mental-health-conditions-after-hysterectomy-with-ovaria-sta0xgxv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Laughlin-Tommaso SK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Satish A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zahid Khan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0710-2419","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of South Wales","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02mzn7s88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Smith CY"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Walter A Rocca","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1832-7664","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mayo Clinic in Arizona","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03jp40720"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stewart EA"}],"datePublished":"2020-01-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: The aim of this research was to study the long-term risk of de novo mental health conditions in women who underwent hysterectomy with bilateral ovarian conservation compared with age-matched referent women.\n\nMETHODS: Using the Rochester Epidemiology Project records-linkage system, we identified a historical cohort of 2,094 women who underwent hysterectomy with ovarian conservation for benign indications at age ≥18 years and with an index date between 1980 and 2002 in Olmsted County, Minnesota. Each woman was age-matched (±1 y) to a referent woman residing in the same county who had not undergone hysterectomy or any oophorectomy before the index date. These two cohorts were followed historically to identify de novo mental health conditions. We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) using Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for 20 preexisting chronic conditions and other potential confounders. We also calculated absolute risk increases (ARIs) and reductions (ARRs) at 30 years of follow-up.\n\nRESULTS: Over a median follow-up of 21.9 years, women who underwent hysterectomy at any age experienced increased risks of de novo depression (adjusted HR 1.26; 95% CI, 1.12-1.41; ARI 6.6%) and anxiety (adjusted HR 1.22; 95% CI, 1.08-1.38; ARI 4.7%). The association for depression increased significantly with younger age at hysterectomy, but did not vary significantly by indication. Interactions were not significant for anxiety.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Hysterectomy, even with ovarian conservation, is associated with an increased long-term risk of de novo depression and anxiety, especially when performed in women who are younger. : Video Summary:http://links.lww.com/MENO/A465.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"27","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Menopause (New York, N.Y.)"}}},"pageStart":"33","pageEnd":"42","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/GME.0000000000001415","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q93071691"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/GME.0000000000001415"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31479034"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q93071691"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/naprotechnology-a-medical-embodiment-of-the-catholic-perspective-on-an-infertile-recf0zd1y3gzovtad/","name":"NaProTechnology: A Medical Embodiment of the Catholic Perspective on an Infertile Couple’s Right to Family Planning","headline":"NaProTechnology: A Medical Embodiment of the Catholic Perspective on an Infertile Couple’s Right to Family Planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/naprotechnology-a-medical-embodiment-of-the-catholic-perspective-on-an-infertile-recf0zd1y3gzovtad/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Renee Mirkes","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontifical John Paul II Institute for Studies on Marriage and Family","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xphj289"}}],"datePublished":"2020-01-01","abstract":"This article considers one question: How does the Catholic Church guide infertile couples to exercise their right to build a family? Part One examines the principal tenets of Catholic social teaching on human rights in general. Part Two focuses in particular on the Church’s guidelines regarding the right to family planning for infertile couples. And Part Three contrasts NaProTechnology protocols for infertility with in vitro fertilization and concludes that NaPro provides infertile couples not only a responsible means of conceiving a baby that remedies the injustice of in vitro fertilization but also a medical embodiment of the Church’s teaching on the right to family planning.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/inositol-treatment-for-pcos-should-be-sciencebased-and-not-arbitrary-yhhbihyf/","name":"Inositol Treatment for PCOS Should Be Science-Based and Not Arbitrary","headline":"Inositol Treatment for PCOS Should Be Science-Based and Not Arbitrary","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/inositol-treatment-for-pcos-should-be-sciencebased-and-not-arbitrary-yhhbihyf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Roseff S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1105-1335"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Montenegro M"}],"datePublished":"2020-01-01","abstract":"The aim of this paper is to critically analyze the composition of many inositol-based products currently used to treat Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). Several different combinations of myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol, with and without additional compounds such as micro- and macroelements, vitamins, and alpha-lipoic acid, have been formulated over the years. Such therapeutic proposals do not take various features of inositol stereoisomers into consideration. As an example, it is important to know that D-chiro-inositol treatment may be beneficial when administered in low doses, yet the progressive increase of its dosage results in the loss of its advantageous effects on the reproductive performance of women and a deterioration in the quality of blastocysts created via in vitro fertilization (IVF). In addition, we have to consider that the intestinal absorption of myo-inositol is reduced by the simultaneous administration of D-chiro-inositol since the two stereoisomers compete with each other for the same transporter that has similar affinity for each of them. A decrease in myo-inositol absorption is also found when it is coadministered with inhibitors of sugar intestinal absorption and/or types of sugars such as sorbitol, maltodextrin, and sucralose. The combination of these may require higher amounts of myo-inositol in order to reach a therapeutic dosage compared to inositol administration alone, a particularly important fact when physicians strive to obtain a specific plasma level of the stereoisomer. Finally, we must point out that D-chiro-inositol was found to be an aromatase inhibitor which increases androgens and may have harmful consequences for women. Therefore, the inositol supplements used in PCOS treatment must be carefully defined. Clinical evidence has demonstrated that the 40 : 1 ratio between myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol is the optimal combination to restore ovulation in PCOS women. Therefore, it is quite surprising to find that inositol-based treatments for PCOS seem to be randomly chosen and are often combined with useless or even counterproductive molecules, all of which can weaken myo-inositol's efficacy. Such treatments clearly lack therapeutic rationale.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2020","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International journal of endocrinology"}},"pageStart":"6461254","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/6461254","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92062600"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1155/2020/6461254"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32308679"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92062600"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/womens-reproductive-system-as-balanced-estradiol-and-progesterone-actions-a-rec7bbtuexyobptnw/","name":"Women’s reproductive system as balanced estradiol and progesterone actions—a revolutionary, paradigm-shifting concept in women’s health","headline":"Women’s reproductive system as balanced estradiol and progesterone actions—a revolutionary, paradigm-shifting concept in women’s health","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/womens-reproductive-system-as-balanced-estradiol-and-progesterone-actions-a-rec7bbtuexyobptnw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2020-01-01","abstract":"This review is to challenge current concepts of women’s reproduction with its cultural over-emphasis on estrogen and positive actions, while progesterone tends to be ignored or associated with negative effects. To explore the physiology, and the clinical implications of understanding that progesterone and estradiol interact in counterbalancing and complementary ways within a complex system that is Women’s Reproductive Health. Fundamental, descriptive, quantitative and experimental data all show that estradiol’s important cellular action is to promote growth and proliferation; by contrast, despite short-term proliferative effects, progesterone’s dominant actions are to inhibit proliferation, to enhance differentiation and promote maturation. Estradiol and progesterone variably interact in every cell and tissue in women’s bodies and across the life cycle. Since ovulation and thus progesterone’s presence is subclinical in normal-length cycles, we urgently need a convenient, home, once/cycle, inexpensive test of normal ovulation. Major funding is needed for ovulation-testing cycle-by-cycle over months or years in large population-based cohorts of adolescent, premenopausal and perimenopausal women. These women need to be followed for fertility and their later-life experiences of osteoporotic fracture, myocardial infarction, breast and endometrial cancers. In addition, all research with menstruating women participants and female mammals needs cycle-phase specific testing. It is difficult to perceive, much less to change, a current paradigm. With this journal issue, however, we have begun the important tasks of transforming concepts about women’s health, and setting the research agenda to advance the innovative understanding that women's reproductive and overall health becomes optimal when premenopausal menstrual cycle estradiol and progesterone actions are balanced within this complex system.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models"}},"pageStart":"31","pageEnd":"40","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ddmod.2020.11.005","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ddmod.2020.11.005"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometrial-immunity-for-embryo-implantation-and-pregnancy-establishment-a5kcamja/","name":"Endometrial Immunity for Embryo Implantation and Pregnancy Establishment","headline":"Endometrial Immunity for Embryo Implantation and Pregnancy Establishment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometrial-immunity-for-embryo-implantation-and-pregnancy-establishment-a5kcamja/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kitazawa J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fuminori Kimura","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9840-4227","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shiga University of Medical Science","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00d8gp927"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nakamura A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Morimune A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Atsushi Takahashi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5698-553X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shiga University of Medical Science","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00d8gp927"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Takashima A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amano T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S. Tsuji","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"for the CSDi Study Group"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kaku S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kasahara K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Takashi Murakami","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0250-0856","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shiga University of Medical Science","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00d8gp927"}}],"datePublished":"2020-01-01","abstract":"The uterus is an organ for raising the fetus, and its lumen is lined by the endometrium. The endometrium is an important site for the implantation and maturation of fertilized eggs. The endometrium undergoes repetitive proliferation, maturation (decidualization), and exfoliation changes every menstrual cycle. At the same time, the number and type of endometrial immunocompetent cells vary during the menstrual cycle. At the implantation stage, the immunocompetent cells occupy approximately half of the endometrial cells. Immunocompetent cells normally eliminate pathogenic microorganisms to protect the body; however, they also promote immune tolerance to accept the fetus during pregnancy. The immunocompetent cells in the uterus can perform both these functions. With the establishment of pregnancy, stimuli from the trophoblast (placenta) and fetus can also change the immune environment of the uterus, and pregnancy can be maintained only when the immune system is well adapted to the stimuli of some hormones and the fetus. Immunity for the establishment of pregnancy is not simple because multiple immunocompetent cells are involved in establishing and maintaining pregnancy. To understand the immune mechanisms associated with the establishment of pregnancy, we have to learn about each immune cell. This review, therefore, discusses the roles and distribution of the immunocompetent cells inside the uterus during menstruation and early pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"250","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Tohoku journal of experimental medicine"}}},"pageStart":"49","pageEnd":"60","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1620/tjem.250.49","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q93038150"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1620/tjem.250.49"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31996497"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q93038150"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-progesterone-and-progestins-on-water-and-salt-metabolism-recjnszjmhglrqvhk/","name":"Effect of Progesterone and Progestins on Water and Salt Metabolism","headline":"Effect of Progesterone and Progestins on Water and Salt Metabolism","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-progesterone-and-progestins-on-water-and-salt-metabolism-recjnszjmhglrqvhk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Nasir Mahmood","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8340-1058","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Animal Sciences Division, Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIAB-C, PIEAS), Jhang Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amjad Hameed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1108-5869","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIAB-C, PIEAS), Jhang Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tarique Hussain","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8416-5288","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04d4mbk19"}}],"datePublished":"2020-01-01","pageStart":"4960507","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q100751253","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q100751253"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-antidepressant-medications-on-semen-parameters-and-male-fertility-azjbdphb/","name":"Effect of antidepressant medications on semen parameters and male fertility","headline":"Effect of antidepressant medications on semen parameters and male fertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-antidepressant-medications-on-semen-parameters-and-male-fertility-azjbdphb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Beeder LA","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6902-2476"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Samplaski MK","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8496-7264"}],"datePublished":"2020-01-01","abstract":"Antidepressant medications are commonly used in males of reproductive age for long-term treatment of depression, as well as other disorders. Although antidepressants are known to be associated with sexual side-effects, their effects on semen parameters and other markers of male fertility have been less thoroughly described. The majority of available studies have focused on selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, which have been shown to negatively impact semen quality in in vitro, animal and human studies. Fluoxetine, in particular, has been the subject of multiple studies and has been associated with gonadotoxic effects, including decreased sperm concentration and motility, increased deoxyribonucleic acid fragmentation, and decreased reproductive organ weights. Studies of several other selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors have yielded similar results. Reassuringly, this effect does seem to be reversible. The data regarding serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, monoamine oxidase inhibitors and atypical antidepressants are sparse, varied and conflicting. Given the widespread and often long-term use of antidepressant medications, there is a clear need for further data regarding their impact on semen quality and male fertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"27","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association"}}},"pageStart":"39","pageEnd":"46","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/iju.14111","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90203409"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/iju.14111"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31542895"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q90203409"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/family-formations-in-fertility-treatment-2018-recxzq85jwfomx78r/","name":"Family Formations in Fertility Treatment 2018","headline":"Family Formations in Fertility Treatment 2018","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/family-formations-in-fertility-treatment-2018-recxzq85jwfomx78r/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority"}],"datePublished":"2020-01-01","abstract":"# Family formations in fertility treatment 2018\nUK IVF and DI statistics for heterosexual, female same-sex and single patients\nPublished: 22 September 2020\n[**Download the underlying data set in .xlsx (144KB)**](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/media/3294/family-formations-2018-complete-underlying-data-tables.xlsx).\n[**Download a PDF version of this report (976KB)**](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/media/3234/family-formations-in-fertility-treatment-2018.pdf \"Family formations 2018\").\n## Table of contents\n- [Main points](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/family-formations-in-fertility-treatment-2018/#mainpoints)\n- [Section 1. In vitro fertilisation (IVF) increasingly used over donor insemination (DI) for single patients and patients in female same-sex relationships](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/family-formations-in-fertility-treatment-2018/#Section1)\n- [Section 2. IVF birth rates increased most for patients in female same-sex relationship as average age declined](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/family-formations-in-fertility-treatment-2018/#Section2)\n- [Section 3. DI birth rates lowest for single patients due to higher average age](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/family-formations-in-fertility-treatment-2018/#Section3)\n- [Section 4. Egg freezing most used by single patients](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/family-formations-in-fertility-treatment-2018/#Section4)\n- [Section 5. NHS-funded cycles were more common for patients in heterosexual relationships](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/family-formations-in-fertility-treatment-2018/#Section5)\n- [Section 6. Patients in female same-sex relationships used cost-reducing egg share programme at the highest rate](https://www.hfea.gov.uk/about-us/publications/research-and-data/family-formations-in-fertility-treatment-2018/#...","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prenatal-and-pre-implantation-genetic-diagnosis-duty-or-eugenic-prelude-recjzq8kuljggddce/","name":"Prenatal and Pre-Implantation Genetic Diagnosis: Duty or Eugenic Prelude?","headline":"Prenatal and Pre-Implantation Genetic Diagnosis: Duty or Eugenic Prelude?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prenatal-and-pre-implantation-genetic-diagnosis-duty-or-eugenic-prelude-recjzq8kuljggddce/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Domenico Chirchiglia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4869-6249","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Magna Graecia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0530bdk91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pasquale Chirchiglia","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Magna Graecia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0530bdk91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2020-01-01","pageStart":"1309","pageEnd":"1313","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92387952","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92387952"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-in-japan-a-summary-report-for-2017-by-the-ethic-lfbipcpw/","name":"Assisted reproductive technology in Japan: A summary report for 2017 by the Ethics Committee of the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology","headline":"Assisted reproductive technology in Japan: A summary report for 2017 by the Ethics Committee of the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-in-japan-a-summary-report-for-2017-by-the-ethic-lfbipcpw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ishihara O"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jwa SC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kuwahara A et al"}],"datePublished":"2020-01-01","abstract":"Annual summary report on assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycles performed in Japan during 2017, published by the Ethics Committee of the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology (JSOG).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reprod Med Biol"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/rmb2.12307","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92757572"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/rmb2.12307"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31956280"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92757572"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/how-to-reduce-the-potential-harmful-effects-of-light-on-blastocyst-development-d-lka3thsj/","name":"How to Reduce the Potential Harmful Effects of Light on Blastocyst Development during IVF","headline":"How to Reduce the Potential Harmful Effects of Light on Blastocyst Development during IVF","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/how-to-reduce-the-potential-harmful-effects-of-light-on-blastocyst-development-d-lka3thsj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bódis J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gödöny K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Várnagy Á"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kovács K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Koppán M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nagy B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Erostyák J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Herczeg R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Szekeres-Barthó J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gyenesei A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kovács GL"}],"datePublished":"2020-01-01","abstract":"1. Med Princ Pract. 2020;29(6):558-564. doi: 10.1159/000509016. Epub 2020 May 29.\n\nHow to Reduce the Potential Harmful Effects of Light on Blastocyst Development\nduring IVF.\n\nBódis J(1)(2), Gödöny K(1)(2), Várnagy Á(1)(2), Kovács K(1)(2), Koppán M(1)(2),\nNagy B(3)(4), Erostyák J(5)(6), Herczeg R(6), Szekeres-Barthó J(2)(6), Gyenesei\nA(6), Kovács GL(2)(6)(7).\n\nAuthor information:\n(1)Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.\n(2)MTA-PTE Human Reproduction Scientific Research Group, Pécs, Hungary.\n(3)Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary,\nbernadett.nagy@aok.pte.hu.\n(4)MTA-PTE Human Reproduction Scientific Research Group, Pécs, Hungary,\nbernadett.nagy@aok.pte.hu.\n(5)Institute of Physics, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.\n(6)Szentágothai Research Center, Pécs, Hungary.\n(7)Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.\n\nPURPOSE: Earlier findings revealed the damaging effect of visible light on\nzygotes and gametes. The aim of our study is to eliminate or significantly\nreduce the potentially harmful effects of light exposure during in vitro\nfertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and to\ninvestigate the effect of light protection on embryo development and\nimplantation.\nMATERIALS AND METHODS: To protect sperm cells, oocytes, and embryos from the\npotential harmful effects of light exposure during laboratory procedures, we\ncreated a dark environment for the cells and applied red filters on laboratory\nlamps and UV or infrared filters in the microscopes in order to eliminate white\nlight exposure of the cells throughout all work stages.\nRESULTS: The fertilization rate was significantly (p = 0.011) higher in\nlight-protected ICSI cycles. Blastocyst development rates (blastocyst/embryo)\nwere significantly (p < 0.001) higher in light-protected embryos than in those\nmanipulated in conventional light conditions both in IVF (20.9% difference) and\nICSI (38.6% difference). Numbers of clinical pregnancies/transfers of ICSI\nfertilized day 5 blastocysts were also significantly (p = 0.040) higher in\nlight-protected conditions.\nCONCLUSIONS: These data show that light protection has a positive effect on\nfertilization rate and increases the blastocyst development as well as the\nnumber of clinical pregnancies/transfers. Implementation of this light\nprotection method in IVF centers may improve the success rate while maintaining\nmaximal embryo safety.\n\n© 2020 The Author(s) Published by S. Karger AG, Basel.\n\nDOI: 10.1159/000509016\nPMCID: PMC7768157\nPMID: 32474560 [Indexed for MEDLINE]\n\nConflict of interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflicts\nof interest.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Medical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000509016","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1159/000509016"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32474560"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/melatonin-and-female-reproduction-an-expanding-universe-mxa74bzc/","name":"Melatonin and Female Reproduction: An Expanding Universe","headline":"Melatonin and Female Reproduction: An Expanding Universe","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/melatonin-and-female-reproduction-an-expanding-universe-mxa74bzc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Olcese JM"}],"datePublished":"2020-01-01","abstract":"For more than a half century the hormone melatonin has been associated with vertebrate reproduction, particularly in the context of seasonal breeding. This association is due in large measure to the fact that melatonin secretion from the pineal gland into the peripheral circulation is a nocturnal event whose duration is reflective of night length, which of course becomes progressively longer during winter months and correspondingly shorter during the summer months. The nocturnal plasma melatonin signal is conserved in essentially all vertebrates and is accessed not just for reproductive rhythms, but for seasonal cycles of metabolic activities, immune functions, and behavioral expression. A vast literature on melatonin and vertebrate biology has accrued over the past 60 years since melatonin's discovery, including the broad topic of animal reproduction, which is far beyond the scope of this human-focused review. Although modern humans in the industrialized world appear in general to have little remaining reproductive seasonality, the relationships between melatonin and human reproduction continue to attract widespread scientific attention. The purpose of this chapter is to draw attention to some newer developments in the field, especially those with relevance to human fertility and reproductive medicine. As the vast majority of studies have focused on the female reproductive system, a discussion of the potential impact of melatonin on human male fertility will be left for others.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in endocrinology"}},"pageStart":"85","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2020.00085","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90639154"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fendo.2020.00085"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32210911"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q90639154"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/combination-ocs-and-prescribed-antibiotics-rec3lvl5dt7f5yt07/","name":"Combination OCs and Prescribed Antibiotics","headline":"Combination OCs and Prescribed Antibiotics","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/combination-ocs-and-prescribed-antibiotics-rec3lvl5dt7f5yt07/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Job F. M. van Boven","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2368-2262","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dialyse Centrum Groningen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/022nxqs47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marjaana Koponen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7316-8360","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Medicine Use and Safety, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Kuopio Research Centre of Geriatric Care, University of Eastern Finlan..."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Samanta Lalic","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7055-3626","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Monash Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02t1bej08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Johnson George","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0326-0495"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J. Simon Bell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6115-2767"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mark Hew","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7498-0000"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jenni Ilomaki","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0348-9441"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nelson A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2723-7270","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Minnesota System"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Miriam Zieman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0552r4b12"}}],"datePublished":"2020-01-01","pageStart":"1961-1969.e6","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92130602","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92130602"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-menstrual-cycle-and-risk-of-breast-cancer-a-review-rrzyamtp/","name":"The Menstrual Cycle and Risk of Breast Cancer: A Review","headline":"The Menstrual Cycle and Risk of Breast Cancer: A Review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-menstrual-cycle-and-risk-of-breast-cancer-a-review-rrzyamtp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Olsson HL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Olsson ML"}],"datePublished":"2020-01-01","abstract":"Cyclic hormonal stimulation of the breast tissue plays a significant role in breast carcinogenesis. Current risk factor models do not include direct measures of cycle characteristics although the effects of possible surrogates of cycle activity such as age at menarche and menopause, parity, and nursing time have been investigated. Future risk models should also include menstrual cycle length, regularity, number of cycles before first full-term pregnancy, and life-time number of cycles. New risk factor models for pre- and postmenopausal breast cancer are proposed here. Furthermore, there is a need for more long-term, prospective studies investigating menstrual cycle characteristics as data currently available are primarily retrospective and collected at one time-point only.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in oncology"}},"pageStart":"21","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2020.00021","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q89622398"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fonc.2020.00021"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32038990"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q89622398"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-role-of-oxidative-stress-and-inflammation-in-male-infertility-a-focus-on-leu-tawexprp/","name":"The role of oxidative stress and inflammation in male infertility: a focus on leukocytes and cytokines","headline":"The role of oxidative stress and inflammation in male infertility: a focus on leukocytes and cytokines","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-role-of-oxidative-stress-and-inflammation-in-male-infertility-a-focus-on-leu-tawexprp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Aitken RJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Baker MA"}],"datePublished":"2020-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction Update"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/unexplained-recurrent-pregnancy-loss-and-unexplained-infertility-twins-in-disgui-twewhiyf/","name":"Unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss and unexplained infertility: twins in disguise","headline":"Unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss and unexplained infertility: twins in disguise","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/unexplained-recurrent-pregnancy-loss-and-unexplained-infertility-twins-in-disgui-twewhiyf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Fox CW","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1548-7873"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Savaris RF","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2779-5443"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jeong JW","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5368-6478"}],"datePublished":"2020-01-01","abstract":"Endometrial BCL6 protein levels are significantly elevated in women with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss and unexplained infertility compared with fertile controls, with 79% of subfertile women displaying elevated BCL6. Among those with abnormal BCL6 who underwent laparoscopy, most were found to have endometriosis, suggesting a continuum of progesterone resistance and inflammatory/endometriosis-related endometrial dysfunction.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction Open"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/hropen/hoz021","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127411619"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/hropen/hoz021"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"36694811"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q127411619"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prospective-of-low-dose-naltrexone-use-in-treatment-of-autoimmune-pathology-and--vky7pat0/","name":"Prospective of low dose naltrexone use in treatment of autoimmune pathology and endometriosis","headline":"Prospective of low dose naltrexone use in treatment of autoimmune pathology and endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prospective-of-low-dose-naltrexone-use-in-treatment-of-autoimmune-pathology-and--vky7pat0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Golianovskyi OV"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrienko OO"},{"@type":"Person","name":"O.V. Furman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6874-3271","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bcjfh39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Phil C Boyle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2555-6294","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NeoFertility Clinic, Suite 7, 1st Floor, Beacon Mall, Sandyford, Dublin 18, Ireland. Phil.Boyle@NeoFertility.ie."}}],"datePublished":"2020-01-01","abstract":"There are still many complex issues in the management of autoimmune pathologies in gynecology and reproductology, endometriosis in particular. Naltrexone, a competitive antagonist of opiate receptors in the central and peripheral nervous systems, reveals new qualities such as effects on autoimmune processes. Naltrexone in low doses of 1.7–5 mg (Low Dose Naltrexone, LDN) revealed the opposite effect on opiate receptors in the form of a rebound effect and, as a consequence, a strong increase in endogenous endorphins and enkephalins. Studies of elevated levels of these neurotransmitters have provided evidence of a multidisciplinary beneficial effect on the immune system of people with endorphin and enkephalin deficiency, an association between the endogenous opiate system and cells and tissue growth in general and healthy immune function was confirmed. The most explored effects of them are such as blocking the synthesis ofpro inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-12, tumor necrosis factor, the effect on neuroglia through toll-like receptors, the effect on the cycle cells growth, especially malignant tumor cells, through interaction with opiate growth factor, modulation synthesis of T- and B-lymphocytes. Growing evidence of LDN efficacy is becoming a potentially effective clinical practice in autoimmune pathologies, but still off-label used.Some data of clinical trials is presented. Four studies with Crohn's disease with results of relief of symptoms and remission, including experience in pediatrics. Three clinical trials with LDN results in multiple sclerosis with improved quality of life and improved symptoms. The scientific hypothesis suggests the success of LDN due to the reduction of induced nitric oxide synthase activity. The success of management of patients with malignant tumors is also presented. The article contains the latest data from clinical trials on reported serious and non-serious side effects of naltrexone at various doses, including data confirming the safety of taking mid-therapeutic naltrexone doses throughout pregnancy. These effects of LDN may prove to be effective in management patients with endometriosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproductive Endocrinology"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.18370/2309-4117.2020.55.53-57","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q140384343"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.18370/2309-4117.2020.55.53-57"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q140384343"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-surveillance-united-states-2017-muecfstj/","name":"Assisted Reproductive Technology Surveillance - United States, 2017","headline":"Assisted Reproductive Technology Surveillance - United States, 2017","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-surveillance-united-states-2017-muecfstj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Saswati Sunderam","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dmitry M. Kissin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6483-0474","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yue Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4745-8038","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jewett A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sheree L. Boulet","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7638-7374","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lee Warner","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kroelinger CD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wanda D. Barfield","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5875-0475","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}}],"datePublished":"2020 Dec 18","abstract":"Assisted Reproductive Technology Surveillance - United States, 2017. Sunderam S, Kissin DM, Zhang Y, Jewett A, Boulet SL, Warner L, Kroelinger CD, Barfield WD. PROBLEM/CONDITION: Since the first U.S. infant conceived with assisted reproductive technology (ART) was born in 1981, both the use of ART and the number of fertility clinics providing ART services have increased steadily in the United States. ART includes fertility treatments in which eggs or embryos are handled in the laboratory (i.e., in vitro fertilization [IVF] and related procedures). Although the majority of infants conceived through ART are singletons, women who undergo ART procedures are more likely than women who conceive naturally to have multiple-birth infants because multiple embryos may be transferred. Multiple births can pose substantial risks for both mothers and infants, including obstetric complications, preterm birth (<37 weeks), and low birthweight (<2,500 g). This report provides state-specific information for the United States (including the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico) on ART procedures performed in 2017 and compares birth outcomes that occurred in 2017 (resulting from ART procedures performed in 2016 and 2017) with outcomes for all infants born in the United States in 2017. PERIOD COVERED: 2017. DESCRIPTION OF SYSTEM: In 1995, CDC began collecting data on ART procedures performed in fertility clinics in the United States as mandated by the Fertility Clinic Success Rate and Certification Act of 1992 (Public Law 102-493 [October 24, 1992]). Data are collected through the National ART Surveillance System (NASS), a web-based data collection system developed by CDC. This report includes data from the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. RESULTS: In 2017, a total of 196,454 ART procedures (range: 162 in Alaska to 24,179 in California) with at least one embryo transferred were performed in 448 U.S. fertility clinics and reported to CDC. These procedures resulted in 68,908 live-birth deliveries (range: 67 in Puerto Rico to 8,852 in California) and 78,052 infants born (range: 85 in Puerto Rico to 9,926 in California). Nationally, the number of ART procedures performed per 1 million women of reproductive age (15-44 years) was 3,040. ART use rates exceeded the national rate in 14 states (Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Hawaii, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Rhode Island, Utah, Vermont, and Virginia). ART use exceeded 1.5 times the national rate in seven states (Connecticut, the District of Columbia, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York). Nationally, among all ART transfer procedures, the average number of embryos transferred increased slightly with increasing age (1.3 among women aged <35 years, 1.4 among women aged 35-37 years, and 1.5 among women aged >37 years). This year, single-embryo transfer (SET) rates among all embryo-transfer procedures are presented instead of elective single-embryo transfer procedures previously reported. Nationally, SET rates were 67.3% (range: 38.9% in South Dakota to 90.4% in Delaware), 65.0% (range: 23.6% in Puerto Rico to 89.4% in Delaware), and 60.0% (range: 28.6% in Puerto Rico to 83.1% in Delaware) among women aged <35 years, aged 35-37 years, and aged >37 years, respectively. In 2017, ART contributed to 1.9% of all infants born in the United States (range: 0.4% in Puerto Rico to 5.0% in Massachusetts). Approximately 73.6% of ART-conceived infants were singleton infants. Overall, ART contributed to 14.7% of all multiple births, including 14.7% of all twin infants and 17.3% of all triplets and higher-order infants. ART-conceived twins accounted for approximately 96.5% (18,890 of 19,570) of all ART-conceived infants born in multiple deliveries. The percentage of multiple births was higher among infants conceived with ART (26.4%) than among all infants born in the total birth population (3.4%). Approximately 25.5% of ART-conceived infants were twins, and 0.9% were triplets and higher-order infants. Nationally, infants conceived with ART contributed to 4.5% of all low birthweight (<2,500 g) infants. Among ART-conceived infants, 20.2% had low birthweight, compared with 8.3% among all infants. ART-conceived infants contributed to 5.3% of all preterm (gestational age <37 weeks) infants. The percentage of preterm births was higher among infants conceived with ART (27.8%) than among all infants born in the total birth population (9.9%). The percentage of low birthweight among singletons was 8.1% among ART-conceived infants and 6.6% among all infants born. The percentage of preterm births among ART-conceived singleton infants was 14.0%, compared with 8.1% among all singleton infants. The percentages of small for gestational age infants was 7.6% among ART-conceived infants, compared with 9.9% among all infants. INTERPRETATION: Although singleton infants accounted for the majority of ART-conceived infants, multi","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"69","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Surveillance summaries (Washington, D.C. : 2002)"}}},"pageStart":"1","pageEnd":"20","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.ss6909a1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104491535"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.15585/mmwr.ss6909a1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"33332294"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q104491535"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effectiveness-of-cherries-in-reducing-uric-acid-and-gout-a-systematic-review-recunqntfg3d3geqm/","name":"Effectiveness of Cherries in Reducing Uric Acid and Gout: A Systematic Review","headline":"Effectiveness of Cherries in Reducing Uric Acid and Gout: A Systematic Review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effectiveness-of-cherries-in-reducing-uric-acid-and-gout-a-systematic-review-recunqntfg3d3geqm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Chen PE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Liu CY"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chien WH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chien CW"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tung TH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pai-Lien Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7300-0122","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Triangle","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fhbr831"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ching-Wen Chien","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5257-0756","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute for Hospital Management, Tsing Hua University, Shenzhen Campus, China"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wu-Hsiung Chien","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2099-9937","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cheng Hsin General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/014f77s28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ching-Ti Liu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1884-5891","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fu Jen Catholic University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04je98850"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tao-Hsin Tung","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2097-8375","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cheng Hsin General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/014f77s28"}}],"datePublished":"2019-12-31","abstract":"Background: Previous studies have reported the use of complementary therapies to reduce the risk of gout attacks. In this study, we assessed the effectiveness of cherries in reducing uric acid levels associated with gout.\n\nMethods: We searched for relevant studies on PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library without restrictions on language from inception until August 15, 2019. The risk of bias was evaluated using the PRISMA statement and checklist, and the methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration tool.\n\nResults: The six studies included in this systematic review reported decreases in the incidence and severity of gout following the ingestion of cherries. Gout patients regularly ingesting cherry extract/juice reported fewer gout flare ups than those patients who did not supplement their diets with cherry products. Overall, we observed a positive correlation between the consumption of tart cherry juice and a decrease in serum uric acid concentration.\n\nConclusions: Current evidence supports an association between cherry intake and a reduced risk of gout attacks. Note however that we were unable to conduct effective meta-analysis due to a lack of relevant studies and a high degree of variation in the methodologies and metrics used in previous studies. Further comprehensive trials or long-term follow-up studies will be required to evaluate the efficacy of cherry intake in treating patients with gout or hyperuricemia.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2019","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM"}},"pageStart":"9896757","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/9896757","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92308667"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1155/2019/9896757"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31885677"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92308667"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovarian-reserve-markers-in-women-using-various-hormonal-contraceptives-reccw9weawyulsstd/","name":"Ovarian reserve markers in women using various hormonal contraceptives","headline":"Ovarian reserve markers in women using various hormonal contraceptives","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovarian-reserve-markers-in-women-using-various-hormonal-contraceptives-reccw9weawyulsstd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Julie Lyng Forman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7368-0869","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035b05819"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathrine Birch Petersen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2778-5306","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Copenhagen University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05bpbnx46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Birch Petersen K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elisabeth Clare Larsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8178-1424","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Copenhagen University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05bpbnx46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bugge Nøhr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9744-4452","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Herlev Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wys9y90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Helene Westring Hvidman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4215-6121","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Copenhagen University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05bpbnx46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Henriette Svarre Nielsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2106-8103","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rigshospitalet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mchdq19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Nyboe Andersen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9828-1255","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Copenhagen University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05bpbnx46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nyboe Andersen A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Selma Kloeve Landersoe","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rigshospitalet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mchdq19"}}],"datePublished":"2019-12-20","abstract":"Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess whether the ovarian reserve markers anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and antral follicle count (AFC) were lower among women using the progestin-only pill (POP) or levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) and similar to the decrease observed in combined oral contraceptive (COC) pill users.\n\nMethods: This retrospective study comprised 565 hormonal contraceptive users (COC, POP, LNG-IUS or contraceptive vaginal ring) and 983 non-hormonal contraceptive users, who were seen in two Danish fertility assessment and counselling clinics between 2015 and 2019. Adjusted multiple regression analysis was used to examine the differences in AMH and AFC between hormonal and non-hormonal contraceptive users.\n\nResults: Compared with non-hormonal contraceptive users, AMH was 31.1% lower among COC users [95% confidence interval (CI) -39.6%, -25.9%; p < 0.001], 35.6% lower among POP users (95% CI -49.0%, -18.6%; p < 0.001) and 17.1% lower among LNG-IUS users (95% CI -31.4%, 0.002%; p = 0.052); no significant differences were seen among vaginal ring users. Compared with non-hormonal contraceptive users, AFC was 31.3% lower among COC users (95% CI -35.0%, -25.3%; p < 0.001) and 29.7% lower among POP users (-39.1%, -17.9%; p < 0.001); no significant differences were seen among LNG-IUS or vaginal ring users. Ovarian volume was more than 50% reduced among COC and vaginal ring users (p < 0.001) but was unchanged among POP and LNG-IUS users.\n\nConclusion: Assessment of ovarian reserve markers among users of all types of hormonal contraception should be interpreted cautiously and the type of contraceptive method considered.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"25","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care : the Official  Journal of the European Society of Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"65","pageEnd":"71","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/13625187.2019.1702158","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92089728"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/13625187.2019.1702158"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31852271"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92089728"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/theological-and-anthropological-analysi-of-procreation-in-the-context-of-contemp-recxycy2xrg0gpts2/","name":"Theological and Anthropological Analysi of Procreation in the Context of Contemporary Debate on Naprotechnology","headline":"Theological and Anthropological Analysi of Procreation in the Context of Contemporary Debate on Naprotechnology","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/theological-and-anthropological-analysi-of-procreation-in-the-context-of-contemp-recxycy2xrg0gpts2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Tomasz Picur"}],"datePublished":"2019-12-16","abstract":"Immersed in the world dominated by pragmatism, contemporary man seems to be thinking and functioning only according to the criteria of effective acting. However, life experience, philosophical reflection, and the truth of Revelation lead to the conclusion that the laws of nature must be respected in the name of care for man and for one’s genuine good, even though they may, in certain cases, limit the effectiveness of acting and the possibility to acquire current profit. This article justifies the necessity to respect natural law in the sphere of transmission of human life. The starting point of this scientific reflection is the theological vision of values and of the inviolability of human life on the basis of the description of creation from the Book of Genesis. The fundamental truths and moral norms are being neglected nowadays as—being so proud of modern technological achievements—man makes himself the creator and the master of human life. Although such activities seem impressive from the scientific point of view, they actually result in a number of serious contemporary and future threats. The second part of the article presents alarming aspects of artificial interventions in the sphere of life transmission. By exposing the threats and by trying to prevent them in the sphere of infertility treatment, the Church opposes the methods of artificial insemination and becomes engaged in promoting naprotechnology which is a method that expresses genuine humanism, and which gives hope not only to the parents who want to have a baby but also to the mankind that longs for propitious future.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"64","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3 English Online Version","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Roczniki Teologiczne"}}},"pageStart":"93","pageEnd":"107","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.18290/rt.2017.64.3-8en","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128979879"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.18290/rt.2017.64.3-8en"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q128979879"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gut-microbiome-and-car-t-therapy-recf87fbz8urgacjt/","name":"Gut microbiome and CAR-T therapy","headline":"Gut microbiome and CAR-T therapy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gut-microbiome-and-car-t-therapy-recf87fbz8urgacjt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Nirav N Shah","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4336-1071","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical College of Wisconsin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00qqv6244"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Theresa Maatman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9861-6871","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical College of Wisconsin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00qqv6244"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Parameswaran Hari","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8800-297X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical College of Wisconsin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00qqv6244"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Muhammad Bilal Abid","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1128-0445","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical College of Wisconsin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00qqv6244"}}],"datePublished":"2019-12-13","abstract":"Considerable progress has been made in cancer therapeutics recently with targeted strategies that are efficacious and less toxic. Immunotherapy and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells are increasingly being evaluated in a variety of tumors in the relapsed/refractory as well as frontline disease settings, predominantly in hematologic malignancies (HM). Despite impressive outcomes in select patients, there remains significant heterogeneity in clinical response to CAR T-cells. The gut microbiome has emerged as one of the key host factors that could potentially be modulated to enhance responses to immunotherapy. Several recent human studies receiving immunotherapy showed a significantly superior response and survival in patients with the more diverse gut microbiome. Currently, it is unknown if gut microbiota modulates anti-tumor responses to CAR T-cells. Based on molecular and immunological understanding, we hypothesize that strategically manipulating gut microbiota may enhance responses to CAR T-cells. In this review, we further discuss resistance mechanisms to CAR T-cells in HM, potential approaches to overcome resistance by harnessing gut microbiota and other related novel strategies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Experimental Hematology & Oncology"}}},"pageStart":"31","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1186/s40164-019-0155-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91899225"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s40164-019-0155-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31827982"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91899225"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-oral-contraceptive-pills-on-the-macula-the-retinal-nerve-fiber-lay-9gkcmkju/","name":"The effect of oral contraceptive pills on the macula, the retinal nerve fiber layer, the ganglion cell layer and the choroidal thickness","headline":"The effect of oral contraceptive pills on the macula, the retinal nerve fiber layer, the ganglion cell layer and the choroidal thickness","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-oral-contraceptive-pills-on-the-macula-the-retinal-nerve-fiber-lay-9gkcmkju/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Shaaban YM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Badran TAF"}],"datePublished":"2019-12-10","abstract":"BACKGROUN: To evaluate the effect of oral contraceptive pills (OCP) on the macula, the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), the ganglion cell layer (GCL), and the choroidal thickness (CT).\n\nMETHODS: In this prospective observational cross-sectional study, 60 eyes of 30 healthy women taking monophasic OCP (0.03 mg ethinylestradiol and 0.15 mg levonorgestrel) for contraception for at least 1 year were compared with 60 eyes of a control group of 30 healthy women who were not taking any OCP. Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) was used to evaluate the macula, the RNFL, the GCL, and the CT. Measurements were taken in the follicular phase (day 3) of the last menstrual cycle in all women. The body mass index (BMI) scores of all participants were also recorded.\n\nRESULTS: No disparity in terms of age and BMI between both groups was observed (p = 0.444, p = 0.074, respectively). All the macular parameters measurements were considerably lower in the OCP group compared to the control group (p < 0.001). Also, the RNFL thickness, the GCL thickness, and the CT were all significantly thinner in the OCP group (p < 0.001).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: The use of OCP can cause significant changes in the retina and choroid thickness over 1 year period. The women who are using OCP for a longer duration could have some eye problems. OCT should be routinely done for follow up. Further long term studies are required, using different preparations of OCP. It is important to find out when this thickness alterations can be clinically significant or symptomatic and if these changes are reversible or not.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMC ophthalmology"}}},"pageStart":"250","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-019-1263-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91863163"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s12886-019-1263-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31823761"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91863163"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-fertility-treatment-and-cancer-risk-in-children-e5wwezls/","name":"Association Between Fertility Treatment and Cancer Risk in Children","headline":"Association Between Fertility Treatment and Cancer Risk in Children","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-fertility-treatment-and-cancer-risk-in-children-e5wwezls/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marie Hargreave","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6821-9242","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Danish Cancer Society","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ytt7k16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aksel Jensen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4327-1415","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Slagelse Hospital"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hansen MK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dehlendorff C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Winther JF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kjeld Schmiegelow","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0829-4993","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035b05819"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susanne K Kjaer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8347-1398","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Gynaecology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark. Electronic address: susanne@..."}}],"datePublished":"2019-12-10","abstract":"IMPORTANCE: An increasing number of children worldwide are born after the use of fertility treatment, although it remains unclear whether the treatment affects the risk of childhood cancer and whether any associations observed are due to the use of specific drugs, the use of specific procedures, or the underlying infertility.\n\nOBJECTIVE: To examine the association between different types of fertility treatments and cancer risk in children.\n\nDESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A retrospective cohort study based on Danish population-based registry data and the Danish Infertility Cohort (individual record linkage) that included 1 085 172 children born in Denmark between January 1, 1996, and December 31, 2012, linked with parental information. There were a total of 2217 children diagnosed with cancer (follow-up occurred during 1996-2015).\n\nEXPOSURES: Maternal fertility treatment during the index pregnancy, including the use of fertility drugs (clomiphene [n = 33 835], gonadotropins [n = 57 136], gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs [n = 38 653], human chorionic gonadotropin [n = 68 181], progesterone [n = 41 628], and estrogen [n = 16 948]) and assisted reproductive technology (in vitro fertilization [n = 19 448], intracytoplasmic sperm injection [n = 13 417], and frozen embryo transfer [n = 3356]). Each exposure was examined separately and compared with children born to fertile women.\n\nMAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Hazard ratios and incidence rate differences for childhood cancer.\n\nRESULTS: After 12.2 million person-years of follow-up (mean, 11.3 years), the incidence rate of childhood cancer was 17.5 per 100 000 for children born to fertile women (n = 910 291) and 44.4 per 100 000 for children born after the use of frozen embryo transfer (n = 3356). Compared with children born to fertile women, the use of frozen embryo transfer was associated with an elevated risk of childhood cancer (14 cancer cases; hazard ratio, 2.43 [95% CI, 1.44 to 4.11]; incidence rate difference, 26.9 [95% CI, 2.8 to 51.0] per 100 000), mainly due to an increased risk of leukemia (5 cancer cases; incidence rate, 14.4 per 100 000; hazard ratio, 2.87 [95% CI, 1.19 to 6.93]; incidence rate difference, 10.1 [95% CI, -4.0 to 24.2] per 100 000) and sympathetic nervous system tumors (<5 cancer cases; hazard ratio, 7.82 [95% CI, 2.47 to 24.70]). There were no statistically significant associations with the use of the other types of fertility treatment examined.\n\nCONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Among children born in Denmark, the use of frozen embryo transfer, compared with children born to fertile women, was associated with a small but statistically significant increased risk of childhood cancer; this association was not found for the use of other types of fertility treatment examined.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"322","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA"}}},"pageStart":"2203","pageEnd":"2210","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2019.18037","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91844094"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jama.2019.18037"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31821431"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91844094"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nocturnal-finger-skin-temperature-in-menstrual-cycle-tracking-ambulatory-pilot-s-rec5xeauwsv2p88bg/","name":"Nocturnal finger skin temperature in menstrual cycle tracking: ambulatory pilot  study using a wearable Oura ring","headline":"Nocturnal finger skin temperature in menstrual cycle tracking: ambulatory pilot  study using a wearable Oura ring","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nocturnal-finger-skin-temperature-in-menstrual-cycle-tracking-ambulatory-pilot-s-rec5xeauwsv2p88bg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hannu Kinnunen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9190-8708","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oulu","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Heli Koskimäki","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2760-2071","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oulu","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Timo Jämsä","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8394-9462","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oulu University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045ney286"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maarit Kangas","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5803-4113","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oulu University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045ney286"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Maijala","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7537-7908","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oulu","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83"}}],"datePublished":"2019-12-01","abstract":"Background: Body temperature is a common method in menstrual cycle phase tracking because of its biphasic form. In ambulatory studies, different skin temperatures have proven to follow a similar pattern. The aim of this pilot study was to assess the applicability of nocturnal finger skin temperature based on a wearable Oura ring to monitor menstrual cycle and predict menstruations and ovulations in real life.\n\nMethods: Volunteer women (n = 22) wore the Oura ring, measured ovulation through urine tests, and kept diaries on menstruations at an average of 114.7 days (SD 20.6), of which oral temperature was measured immediately after wake-up at an average of 1.9 cycles (SD 1.2). Skin and oral temperatures were compared by assessing daily values using repeated measures correlation and phase mean values and differences between phases using dependent t-test. Developed algorithms using skin temperature were tested to predict the start of menstruation and ovulation. The performance of algorithms was assessed with sensitivity and positive predictive values (true positive defined with different windows around the reported day).\n\nResults: Nocturnal skin temperatures and oral temperatures differed between follicular and luteal phases with higher temperatures in the luteal phase, with a difference of 0.30 °C (SD 0.12) for skin and 0.23 °C (SD 0.09) for oral temperature (p < 0.001). Correlation between skin and oral temperatures was found using daily temperatures (r = 0.563, p < 0.001) and differences between phases (r = 0.589, p = 0.004). Menstruations were detected with a sensitivity of 71.9-86.5% in window lengths of ±2 to ±4 days. Ovulations were detected with the best-performing algorithm with a sensitivity of 83.3% in fertile window from - 3 to + 2 days around the verified ovulation. Positive predictive values had similar percentages to those of sensitivities. The mean offset for estimations were 0.4 days (SD 1.8) for menstruations and 0.6 days (SD 1.5) for ovulations with the best-performing algorithm.\n\nConclusions: Nocturnal skin temperature based on wearable ring showed potential for menstrual cycle monitoring in real life conditions.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMC Women's Health"}}},"pageStart":"150","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-019-0844-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91553653"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s12905-019-0844-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31783840"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91553653"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/strong-evidences-of-the-ovarian-carcinoma-risk-in-women-after-ivf-treatment-a-re-spcx9gxm/","name":"Strong Evidences of the Ovarian Carcinoma Risk in Women after IVF Treatment: A Review Article","headline":"Strong Evidences of the Ovarian Carcinoma Risk in Women after IVF Treatment: A Review Article","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/strong-evidences-of-the-ovarian-carcinoma-risk-in-women-after-ivf-treatment-a-re-spcx9gxm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"D Farhud D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zokaei S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Keykhaei M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zarif Yeganeh M"}],"datePublished":"2019-12-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: In-vitro fertilization (IVF) has been very popular since the birth of the first \"test-tube\" baby. This method is the last hope and the most serious solution for couples with infertility problems. Although childbearing is a concern of many couples, it must always be noted that any method can also have disadvantages. Thus, many studies have been done on the problems encountered by this method.\n\nMETHODS: We searched for relevant articles in Pub Med, Springer, Elsevier, and Google Scholar databases, and studied more than 70 papers. Keywords used included ovarian cancer, in vitro fertilization, gonadotropin hormone, clomiphene citrate, and infertility.\n\nRESULTS: Due to the large number of studies, high doses of the ovulation-stimulating drugs and their repeated use in this method can increase the risk of the ovarian hyper stimulation syndrome (OHSS), and ovarian cysts, which can lead to ovarian cancer. Also, an increase in the risk of developing ovarian cancer can be due to the increased duration of treatment for up to 12 months and the high doses of medications that are followed by defecation and failure of this treatment.\n\nCONCLUSION: Due to the increase in the rates of infertility treatments and the incidence of gynecological cancers, especially ovarian cancer, this method need to be used with caution. IVF clients and candidates should be informed about potential future risks. People should be evaluated genetically for their history of ovarian cancer and be more aware of the importance of \"Personalized medicine\".","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"48","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Iranian journal of public health"}}},"pageStart":"2124","pageEnd":"2132","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q93016523","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31993380"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q93016523"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptive-and-intrauterine-device-use-and-the-risk-of-cervical-intraepithelial-neoplasia-grade-iii-or-worse-a-population-based-study-rec2iwml0mzc6nvgt/","name":"Oral contraceptive and intrauterine device use and the risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade III or worse: a population-based study","headline":"Oral contraceptive and intrauterine device use and the risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade III or worse: a population-based study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptive-and-intrauterine-device-use-and-the-risk-of-cervical-intraepithelial-neoplasia-grade-iii-or-worse-a-population-based-study-rec2iwml0mzc6nvgt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Diede Loopik","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7397-8112","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Radboud University Nijmegen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016xsfp80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joanna IntHout","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6127-0747","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Radboud University Nijmegen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016xsfp80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Willem J G Melchers","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5446-2230","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Radboud University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05wg1m734"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leon F A G Massuger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1539-8985","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Radboud university medical center, PO Box 9101, 6500HB, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. Electronic address: leon.massuger@radboudumc.nl."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ruud L M Bekkers","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4577-8495","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Catharina Hospital, PO Box 1350, 5602ZA, Eindhoven, the Netherlands. Electronic address: ruud.bekkers@radboudumc.nl."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Albert G Siebers","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6085-0678","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Radboud University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05wg1m734"}}],"datePublished":"2019-11-21","abstract":"Objective: Hormonal contraceptive use has been associated with the development of cervical cancer, although inconsistent results are reported on the association with intrauterine device (IUD) use. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the type of contraceptive use and the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade III or worse (CIN3+).\n\nMethods: A retrospective population-based cohort study including women aged 29-44 years attending the cervical cancer screening program with normal cytology between 2005 and 2009 identified from the Dutch Pathology Registry. Subgroups with at least 5 years registered use of an oral contraceptive (OC) or IUD were compared with non-users. Risk ratios of CIN3+ were estimated per contraceptive type.\n\nResult: s702,037 women were included with a median follow-up of 9.7 years, of which 6705 (0.96%) and 559 (0.08%) women developed CIN3 and cervical cancer, respectively. IUD use was associated with an increased risk of developing CIN3+ (risk ratio (RR) 1.51, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.32-1.74), and OC use was associated with an increased risk of developing CIN3+ (RR 2.77, 95%CI 2.65-3.00) and cervical cancer (RR 2.06, 95%CI 1.52-2.79). The risk of developing CIN3+ and cervical cancer was higher for OC users compared with IUD users (RR 1.83, 95%CI 1.60-2.09 and RR 1.70, 95%CI 1.00-2.90, respectively).\n\nConclusions: Both OC use and IUD use were associated with an increased risk of developing CIN3+. However, for women with a contraceptive wish, an IUD seems safer than an OC as the risk of developing CIN3+ and cervical cancer was higher for OC users.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"124","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Eur J Cancer"}},"pageStart":"102","pageEnd":"109","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2019.10.009","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91416117"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ejca.2019.10.009"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31760309"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91416117"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fecundability-in-relation-to-use-of-fertility-awareness-indicators-in-a-north-am-rec2ycbyagyoakp8j/","name":"Fecundability in relation to use of fertility awareness indicators in a North American preconception cohort study","headline":"Fecundability in relation to use of fertility awareness indicators in a North American preconception cohort study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fecundability-in-relation-to-use-of-fertility-awareness-indicators-in-a-north-am-rec2ycbyagyoakp8j/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sydney K Willis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6858-5450","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Boston University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elizabeth E Hatch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7901-3928","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology Boston University School of Public Health Boston MA USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kenneth J Rothman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2398-1705","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lauren A Wise","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2138-3752","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts and 2Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center at Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}}],"datePublished":"2019-11-17","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To quantify the frequency of use of selected fertility awareness indicators and to assess their influence on fecundability.\n\nDESIGN: Web-based prospective cohort study.\n\nSETTING: Not applicable.\n\nPATIENT(S): Female pregnancy planners, aged 21-45 years, attempting conception for ≤6 cycles at study entry.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): None.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): We ascertained time to pregnancy, in menstrual cycles, with bimonthly questionnaires. We estimated adjusted fecundability ratios (FRs) and confidence intervals (CIs) using proportional probabilities models, controlling for age, income, education, smoking, intercourse frequency, and other lifestyle and reproductive factors.\n\nRESULT(S): A total of 5,688 women were analyzed, with a mean age of 29.9 years and mean time trying of 2.1 cycles at baseline; 30% had ever been pregnant. At baseline, 75% were using one or more fertility indicators (counting days or charting menstrual cycles [71%], measuring basal body temperature [BBT, 21%], monitoring cervical fluid [39%], using urine LH tests [32%], or feeling for changes in position of the cervix [12%]). Women using any fertility indicator at baseline had higher subsequent fecundability (adjusted FR 1.25, 95% CI 1.16-1.35) than those not using any fertility indicators. For each individual indicator, adjusted FRs ranged from 1.28-1.36, where 1.00 would indicate no relation with fecundability. The adjusted FR for women using a combination of charting days, cervical fluid, and urine LH was 1.48 (95% CI 1.31-1.67) relative to women using no fertility indicators.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): In a North American preconception cohort study, use of fertility indicators indicating the fertile window was common, and was associated with greater fecundability.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"112","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"892","pageEnd":"899","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.06.036","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91300422"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.06.036"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31731946"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91300422"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/naprotechnology-healthcare-women-really-need-rec8lu88hycfwvju0/","name":"NaProTechnology: Healthcare women really need","headline":"NaProTechnology: Healthcare women really need","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/naprotechnology-healthcare-women-really-need-rec8lu88hycfwvju0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sr Renée Mirkes"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Renee Mirkes","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontifical John Paul II Institute for Studies on Marriage and Family","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xphj289"}}],"datePublished":"2019-11-14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"03","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Research and Reports in Gynecology and Obstetrics"}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.35841/2591-7366-c3-007","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.35841/2591-7366-c3-007"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chronic-endometritis-old-problem-novel-insights-and-future-challenges-recbn0uudec8shgjb/","name":"Chronic Endometritis: Old Problem, Novel Insights and Future Challenges","headline":"Chronic Endometritis: Old Problem, Novel Insights and Future Challenges","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chronic-endometritis-old-problem-novel-insights-and-future-challenges-recbn0uudec8shgjb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Luis Alonso","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9980-5073","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Unidad de Endoscopia Ginecológica, Centro Gutenberg, Málaga, Spain."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"José Carugno","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5716-4933","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Miami","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02dgjyy92"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jvan Casarin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9519-1097","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, \"Filippo Del Ponte\" Hospital, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fabio Ghezzi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3949-5410","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, \"Filippo Del Ponte\" Hospital, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonio Simone Laganà","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1543-2802","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Palermo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/044k9ta02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elena Puente","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0557-8233","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Assisted Reproduction Unit, Fertia Clinic, Fuengirola, Málaga, Spain."}}],"datePublished":"2019-11-12","abstract":"Chronic endometritis (CE) is a poorly investigated pathology which has been related to adverse reproductive outcomes, such as implantation failure and recurrent miscarriage. In this paper, we aim to provide an overview of diagnosis, etiology, pathophysiology and treatment of CE, its impact on endometrial microenvironment and its association with infertility. We present a narrative review of the current literatures, synthesizing the findings retrieved from searches of computerized databases. CE is more prevalent in infertile patients. Effective antibiotic treatment of CE seems to improve the pregnancy and live birth rate in patients with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), and increase ongoing pregnancy rate in patients with recurrent implantation failure. In order to increase the diagnostic accuracy, immunohistochemistry is recommended besides the conventional histology. In addition, hysteroscopy could be considered as gold standard tool for diagnosis, considering its high correlation with histological findings. CE, as the chronic inflammation of endometrium, is usually asymptomatic and probably underestimated. Interaction of bacteria with endometrial microenvironment promotes changes in leukocyte population, cytokine production and growth factors which support its negative impact on endometrial receptivity. Nevertheless, standardization of the criteria for histopathological diagnosis and immunohistochemistry technique needs to be defined.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Fertility & Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"250","pageEnd":"256","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.22074/ijfs.2020.5779","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91224366"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.22074/ijfs.2020.5779"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31710184"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91224366"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/early-and-latelutealphase-estrogen-and-progesterone-levels-of-women-with-premens-5r79fblf/","name":"Early- and Late-Luteal-Phase Estrogen and Progesterone Levels of Women with Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder","headline":"Early- and Late-Luteal-Phase Estrogen and Progesterone Levels of Women with Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/early-and-latelutealphase-estrogen-and-progesterone-levels-of-women-with-premens-5r79fblf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yen JY","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7865-5299"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lin HC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lin PC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Liu TL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Long CY","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1102-0512"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ko CH","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8034-0221"}],"datePublished":"2019-11-07","abstract":": Objective/introduction: The dynamics of ovarian hormone fluctuations during the luteal phase of the menstruation cycle were previously suggested to contribute to the development of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) symptoms, but adequate empirical evidence has not been obtained from hormone concentration studies. We prospectively evaluated estrogen and progesterone levels in the early luteal (EL) and late luteal (LL) phases in women with PMDD and the association of these levels with PMDD symptom severity. Methods: 63 women with PMDD and 53 controls without such severe symptoms were evaluated for the estrogen and progesterone levels, and PMDD severity in the EL and LL phases. Results: The results demonstrated that the women with PMDD had a lower EL-phase estrogen level than the controls. Covariant analysis demonstrated that the interaction term between EL-phase estrogen and EL-phase progesterone level was associated with PMDD severity. Among women with lower EL estrogen levels, higher EL-phase progesterone was observed among the women with PMDD versus controls. These results suggest that low EL-phase estrogen level could moderate the provoking effect of EL progesterone in women with PMDD. Overall, these data suggest a possible role of estrogen and progesterone in the development of PMDD symptoms.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International journal of environmental research and public health"}}},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16224352","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91191269"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/ijerph16224352"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31703451"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91191269"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-case-control-study-of-breast-cancer-in-northeast-of-iran-the-golestan-cohort-s-recy3qkjyhrmhtn5y/","name":"A Case-Control Study of Breast Cancer in Northeast of Iran: The Golestan Cohort  Study","headline":"A Case-Control Study of Breast Cancer in Northeast of Iran: The Golestan Cohort  Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-case-control-study-of-breast-cancer-in-northeast-of-iran-the-golestan-cohort-s-recy3qkjyhrmhtn5y/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Alipour S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Omranipour R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Reza Malekzadeh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1043-3814","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shiraz University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01n3s4692"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Poustchi H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Akram Pourshams","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7950-3983"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Khoshnia M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gharavi A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gholamreza Roshandel"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eslami B","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3011-9905"}],"datePublished":"2019-11-05","abstract":"Background: The incidence and survival of breast cancer (BC) vary across countries. This study aimed to determine risk factors for BC and estimate the overall survival rate in BC patients of the Golestan Cohort Study (GCS).\n\nMethods: This case-control study was performed among participants of the GCS. Cases (N = 99) consisted of women who were diagnosed with BC and controls (n = 400) were selected out of women participating in the same cohort and had not developed any cancer during the follow-up period. Controls were frequency matched to case on both place of residency and 5-year categories of age.\n\nResults: Considering confounding variables, logistic regression analysis manifested a reverse association between parity and BC (OR [odds ratio] = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.80-0.95, P = 0.001). In addition, we found women who had family history of any cancer (OR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.02-2.60, P = 0.04) and long term oral contraceptive (OCP) use (≥10 years) (OR = 3.17, 95% CI: 1.27-7.95, P = 0.01) were at higher risk of BC. Of the total patients, 23 (23.2%) were died due to BC after a mean follow-up of 102.4 ± 5.31 months. Using the Kaplan-Meier analysis, the 5-year survival in these patients was 74%.\n\nConclusion: In the Golestan Cohort population, long term OCP use and family history of cancer were risk factors for BC, while parity was a protective factor. The 5-year survival of BC patients in the GCS is still lower relative to Europe and the United States.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Archives of Iranian Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"355","pageEnd":"360","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preconception-perceived-stress-is-associated-with-reproductive-hormone-levels-an-recruaca6i5y99pf6/","name":"Preconception Perceived Stress Is Associated with Reproductive Hormone Levels and Longer Time to Pregnancy","headline":"Preconception Perceived Stress Is Associated with Reproductive Hormone Levels and Longer Time to Pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preconception-perceived-stress-is-associated-with-reproductive-hormone-levels-an-recruaca6i5y99pf6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert M Silver","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5794-3152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Intermountain Healthcare","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mvr1r74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brian D. Wilcox","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Commonwealth Medical College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04bqfk210"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rose G Radin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6273-274X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neil J Perkins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6802-4733","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Noya Galai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8280-9492","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Haifa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02f009v59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jihye Park","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9895-7756","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Keewan Kim","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7171-3487","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindsey A Sjaarda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0539-8110","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Torie Comeaux Plowden","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9086-2947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}}],"datePublished":"2019-11-01","abstract":"Background: Women who experience pregnancy loss are especially prone to high stress, though the effects of stress on reproductive outcomes in this vulnerable population are unknown. We assessed relationships between perceived stress and hormones, anovulation, and fecundability among women with prior loss.\n\nMethods: One thousand two hundred fourteen women with 1-2 prior losses were followed for ≤6 cycles while attempting pregnancy and completed end-of-cycle stress assessments. For cycles 1 and 2, women also collected daily urine and completed daily perceived stress assessments. We assessed anovulation via. an algorithm based on human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), pregnanediol-3-glucuronide (PdG), luteinizing hormone (LH), and fertility monitor readings. Pregnancy was determined via. hCG. Adjusted weighted linear mixed models estimated the effect of prospective phase-varying (menses, follicular, periovulatory, and luteal) perceived stress quartiles on estrone-1-glucuronide (E1G), PdG, and LH concentrations. Marginal structural models accounted for time-varying confounding by hormones and lifestyle factors affected by prior stress. Poisson and Cox regression estimated risk ratios and fecundability odds ratios of cycle-varying stress quartiles on anovulation and fecundability. Models were adjusted for age, race, body mass index (BMI), parity, and time-varying caffeine, alcohol, smoking, intercourse, and pelvic pain.\n\nResults: Women in the highest versus lowest stress quartile had lower E1G and PdG concentrations, a marginally higher risk of anovulation [1.28; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.00, 1.63], and lower fecundability (0.71; 95% CI = 0.55, 0.90).\n\nConclusion: Preconception perceived stress appears to adversely affect sex steroid synthesis and time to pregnancy. Mechanisms likely include the effects of stress on ovulatory function, but additional mechanisms, potentially during implantation, may also exist.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"30 Suppl 2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"Suppl 2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)"}}},"pageStart":"S76-S84","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/EDE.0000000000001079","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90379911"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/EDE.0000000000001079"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31569156"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q90379911"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/occult-uterine-malignancy-at-the-time-of-surgery-for-uterine-fibroids-a-systemat-vlb99ihg/","name":"Occult Uterine Malignancy at the Time of Surgery for Uterine Fibroids: A Systematic Review","headline":"Occult Uterine Malignancy at the Time of Surgery for Uterine Fibroids: A Systematic Review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/occult-uterine-malignancy-at-the-time-of-surgery-for-uterine-fibroids-a-systemat-vlb99ihg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Masghati S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Davenport E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"James L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Howard D"}],"datePublished":"2019-11-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"26","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"S39","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2019.09.574","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jmig.2019.09.574"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/state-of-the-fertility-sector-20182019-rec26skefgvilacmh/","name":"State of the Fertility Sector 2018/2019","headline":"State of the Fertility Sector 2018/2019","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/state-of-the-fertility-sector-20182019-rec26skefgvilacmh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority"}],"datePublished":"2019-11-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pre-conception-25-hydroxyvitamin-d-25ohd-and-fecundability-recxj0srtrxqawnxo/","name":"Pre-conception 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and fecundability","headline":"Pre-conception 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and fecundability","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pre-conception-25-hydroxyvitamin-d-25ohd-and-fecundability-recxj0srtrxqawnxo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Anne Marie Z. Jukic","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8635-9505","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D D Baird","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5544-2653","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, PO Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C R Weinberg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7713-8556","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A J Wilcox","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3376-1311","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, PO Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Z Steiner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4203-3754","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D R McConnaughey","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Westat (United States)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wt7xg39"}}],"datePublished":"2019-10-31","abstract":"STUDY QUESTION: Is pre-conception 25(OH)D associated with the per cycle probability of conception, i.e fecundability, in a prospective cohort study?\n\nSUMMARY ANSWER: There are suggestive associations of high 25(OH)D (at least 50 ng/ml) with increased fecundability and low 25(OH)D (<20 ng/ml) with reduced fecundability, but the estimates were imprecise.\n\nWHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Vitamin D has been associated with reproductive function and fertility in animal studies, but few human studies exist.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: This community-based prospective cohort study included 522 women attempting to become pregnant between 2010 and 2016. The women completed online daily and monthly diaries until a positive home pregnancy test was observed or 12 months had elapsed.\n\nPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: The study included women from central North Carolina who were aged 30-44 with no history of infertility, with no more than 3 months of attempt time at recruitment. Women recorded vaginal bleeding so that the ongoing number of attempt cycles could be counted and used to quantify a woman's pregnancy attempt time. Blood collected at the study entry was analysed for 25(OH)D using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Associations with fecundability were estimated with a log-binomial discrete time-to-event model.\n\nMAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: Among 522 women, 257 conceived during the study. The mean age was 33 years and the mean 25(OH)D was 36 ng/ml. There was an estimated 10% higher fecundability with each 10 ng/ml increase in 25(OH)D (fecundability ratio (FR) 1.10, 95% CI: 0.96, 1.25). The suggestive dose-response association with the continuous measure of 25(OH)D was driven by women in the lowest and the highest categories of 25(OH)D. Compared to women with 25(OH)D of 30-40 ng/ml, women below 20 ng/ml had an estimated 45% reduction in fecundability (FR (CI): 0.55 (0.23, 1.32)), and women with at least 50 ng/ml had an estimated 35% increase in fecundability (FR (CI): 1.35 (0.95, 1.91)). Across these three categories (25(OH)D of <20 ng/ml, 30-40 ng/ml and > 50 ng/ml), the probability of taking longer than 6 months to conceive was, respectively, 51% (17%, 74%), 28% (17%, 39%) and 15% (10%, 37%).\n\nLIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: While the distribution of 25(OH)D was wide, the number of observed cycles with high 25(OH)D (N = 107) or low 25(OH)D (N = 56) was small.\n\nWIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: Our findings are consistent with prior reports of reduced fertility in women with 25(OH)D concentrations below the clinically defined deficiency level (20 ng/ml). Further studies are needed to evaluate the possible reproductive benefits of considerably higher 25(OH)D concentration (>50 ng/ml).\n\nSTUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S): This research was supported by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) under award numbers R00HD079659 and R01HD067683 and supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, under projects ES103086, ES049003 and ES044003. ClearBlue ovulation predictor kits were generously donated to AMZJ and AJW by Swiss Precision Diagnostics. Drs Wilcox and Jukic report non-financial support from Swiss Precision Diagnostics during the conduct of the study; Dr Jukic reports non-financial support from Theralogix, LLC, outside the submitted work. Otherwise there are no competing interests.\n\nTRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: N/A.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"34","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"2163","pageEnd":"2172","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dez170","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91006125"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/dez170"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31665286"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91006125"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-preconception-period-analysis-of-risks-and-exposures-influencing-health-and--recm26ozsl6tlftsk/","name":"The Preconception Period analysis of Risks and Exposures Influencing health and Development (PrePARED) consortium","headline":"The Preconception Period analysis of Risks and Exposures Influencing health and Development (PrePARED) consortium","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-preconception-period-analysis-of-risks-and-exposures-influencing-health-and--recm26ozsl6tlftsk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harville EW, Mishra GD, Yeung E, Mumford SL, Schisterman EF, Jukic AM, Hatch EE, Mikkelsen EM, Jiang H, Ehrenthal DB, Porucznik CA, Wen SW, Harvey A, Symons Downs D, Yajnik C, Santillan D, Santillan M, McElrath TF, Woo JG, Urbina EM, Chavarro JE, Sotres-Alvarez D, Bazzano L, Zhang J, Steiner A, Gunderson EP, Wise LA, Stanford JB"}],"datePublished":"2019-10-30","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Preconception health may have intergenerational influences. We have formed the PrePARED (Preconception Period Analysis of Risks and Exposures influencing health and Development) research consortium to address methodological, conceptual, and generalisability gaps in the literature.\n\nOBJECTIVES: The consortium will investigate the effects of preconception exposures on four sets of\n\noutcomes: (1) fertility and miscarriage; (2) pregnancy-related conditions; (3) perinatal and child health; and (4) adult health outcomes.\n\nPOPULATION: A study is eligible if it has data measured for at least one preconception time point, has a minimum of selected core data, and is open to collaboration and data harmonisation.\n\nDESIGN: The included studies are a mix of studies following women or couples intending to conceive, general-health cohorts that cover the reproductive years, and pregnancy/child cohort studies that have been linked with preconception data. The majority of the participating studies are prospective cohorts, but a few are clinical trials or record linkages.\n\nMETHODS: Data analysis will begin with harmonisation of data collected across cohorts. Initial areas of interest include nutrition and obesity; tobacco, marijuana, and other substance use; and cardiovascular risk factors.\n\nPRELIMINARY\n\nRESULTS: Twenty-three cohorts with data on almost 200 000 women have combined to form this consortium, begun in 2018. Twelve studies are of women or couples actively planning pregnancy, and six are general-population cohorts that cover the reproductive years; the remainder have some other design. The primary focus for four was cardiovascular health, eight was fertility, one was environmental exposures, three was child health, and the remainder general women's health. Among other cohorts assessed for inclusion, the most common reason for ineligibility was lack of prospectively collected preconception data.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: The consortium will serve as a resource for research in many subject areas related to preconception health, with implications for science, practice, and policy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"33","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology"}}},"pageStart":"490","pageEnd":"502","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/ppe.12592","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90978161"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/ppe.12592"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31659792"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q90978161"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/stratification-of-fertility-potential-according-to-cervical-mucus-symptoms-achie-recy9fpzmcvrv1x8z/","name":"Stratification of fertility potential according to cervical mucus symptoms:  achieving pregnancy in fertile and infertile couples","headline":"Stratification of fertility potential according to cervical mucus symptoms:  achieving pregnancy in fertile and infertile couples","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/stratification-of-fertility-potential-according-to-cervical-mucus-symptoms-achie-recy9fpzmcvrv1x8z/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marian Corkill","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ovulation Method Research and Reference Centre of Australia, Melbourne, Australia"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marie Marshell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ovulation Method Research and Reference Centre of Australia, Melbourne, Australia"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alun Thomas","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0550-258X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University Press","sameAs":"https://ror.org/006v7bf86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph Turner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6443-2708","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Queensland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00rqy9422"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mark Whitty","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Billings Ireland, Dublin, Ireland"}}],"datePublished":"2019-10-30","abstract":"Women wishing to conceive are largely unaware of fertility symptoms at the time of ovulation. This study investigated the effectiveness of fertility-awareness in achieving pregnancy, particularly fertile mucus pattern, in the context of infertility. The 384 eligible participants were taken from consecutive women desiring pregnancy who attended 17 Australian Billings Ovulation Method(®) clinics from 1999-2003. This cohort included couples with infertility ≥12 months (51%) and female age >35 years (28%). Under fertility-awareness instruction, pregnancy was achieved by 240 couples (62.5%) after maximum follow-up of two years. Mucus symptom observations effectively stratified 'low pregnancy-potential' (35.2%) and 'high pregnancy-potential' groups. Pregnancy rates were ∼30% higher in the latter group (44.4% versus 72.3%) in addition to consistent effects observed on pregnancy achievements within subgroups defined by prognostic factors such as duration of infertility (p = 0.001) and increasing female age (p = 0.04). Fertile symptoms were also associated with significantly shorter time to conception (4.2 versus 6.4 months) in a survival analysis (p = 0.003). Billings Ovulation Method(®) observations strongly predicted successful conception. This has the capacity to provide a rapid, reliable and cost-effective approach to stratifying fertility potential, including directing timely and targeted investigations/management, and is accessible for women who may be remote from primary or specialist care.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Fertility (Cambridge, England)"}}},"pageStart":"353","pageEnd":"359","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/14647273.2019.1671613","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90985541"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/14647273.2019.1671613"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31661330"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q90985541"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/f-comhaire-f-maes-m-gihpsitu/","name":"Lowered Plasma Steady-State Levels of Progesterone Combined With Declining Progesterone Levels During the Luteal Phase Predict Peri-Menstrual Syndrome and Its Major Subdomains","headline":"Lowered Plasma Steady-State Levels of Progesterone Combined With Declining Progesterone Levels During the Luteal Phase Predict Peri-Menstrual Syndrome and Its Major Subdomains","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/f-comhaire-f-maes-m-gihpsitu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Roomruangwong C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"André F. Carvalho","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5593-2778","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Deakin University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02czsnj07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Comhaire","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4841-0087","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ghent University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cv9y106"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maes M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2012-871X"}],"datePublished":"2019-10-30","abstract":"Background: It is unknown whether lowered steady state levels of sex hormones coupled with changes in those hormones during the menstrual cycle are associated with premenstrual syndrome (PMS).\n\nObjective: To examine associations between levels of progesterone and oestradiol during the menstrual cycle and PMS considering different diagnostic criteria for PMS.\n\nMethods: Forty-one women aged 18-45 years with a regular menstrual cycle completed the Daily Record of Severity of Problems (DRSP) for all 28 consecutive days of the menstrual cycle. Blood was sampled at days 7, 14, 21, and 28 to assay oestradiol and progesterone.\n\nResults: We developed a new diagnosis of peri-menstrual syndrome, which is characterized by increased DRSP severity in pre and post-menstrual periods and increased scores on the major DRSP dimensions, i.e., depression, physio-somatic symptoms, breast tenderness and appetite, and anxiety. This new diagnosis performed better than classical diagnoses of PMS, including that of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG). Lowered steady state levels of progesterone, when averaged over the menstrual cycle, together with declining progesterone levels during the luteal phase predict severity of peri-menstrual symptoms. Steady state levels of oestradiol and declining oestradiol levels during the cycle are also related to DRSP severity although most of these effects appeared to be mediated by progesterone.\n\nConclusion: A significant increase in menstrual-cycle related symptoms can best be conceptualized as \"peri-menstrual syndrome\" and may result from insufficient progesterone production (relative corpus luteum insufficiency), which, in part may result from lowered oestradiol production indicating suboptimal pre-ovulatory follicular development.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Psychology"}},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02446","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91316433"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02446"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91316433"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vertebral-fractures-in-individuals-with-type-2-diabetes-more-than-skeletal-compl-recnqn1ng3raj7kjy/","name":"Vertebral Fractures in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes: More Than Skeletal  Complications Alone","headline":"Vertebral Fractures in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes: More Than Skeletal  Complications Alone","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vertebral-fractures-in-individuals-with-type-2-diabetes-more-than-skeletal-compl-recnqn1ng3raj7kjy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fjorda Koromani, Ling Oei, Enisa Shevroja, Katerina Trajanoska, Josje Schoufour, Taulant Muka, Oscar H Franco, M Arfan Ikram, M Carola Zillikens, Andr\\ue G Uitterlinden, Gabriel P Krestin, Tassos Anastassiades, Robert Josse, Stephanie M Kaiser, David Goltzman, Brian C Lentle, Jerilynn C Prior, William D Leslie, Eugene McCloskey, Olivier Lamy, Didier Hans, Edwin H Oei, Fernando Rivadeneira"}],"datePublished":"2019-10-30","abstract":"Objective: We aimed to assess whether individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have increased risk of vertebral fractures (VFs) and to estimate nonvertebral fracture and mortality risk among individuals with both prevalent T2D and VFs. RESEARCH DESIGN AND\n\nMethods: A systematic PubMed search was performed to identify studies that investigated the relationship between T2D and VFs. Cohorts providing individual participant data (IPD) were also included. Estimates from published summary data and IPD cohorts were pooled in a random-effects meta-analysis. Multivariate Cox regression models were used to estimate nonvertebral fracture and mortality risk among individuals with T2D and VFs.\n\nResults: Across 15 studies comprising 852,705 men and women, individuals with T2D had lower risk of prevalent (odds ratio [OR] 0.84 [95% CI 0.74-0.95]; I (2) = 0.0%; P (het) = 0.54) but increased risk of incident VFs (OR 1.35 [95% CI 1.27-1.44]; I (2) = 0.6%; P (het) = 0.43). In the IPD cohorts (N = 19,820), risk of nonvertebral fractures was higher in those with both T2D and VFs compared with those without T2D or VFs (hazard ratio [HR] 2.42 [95% CI 1.86-3.15]) or with VFs (HR 1.73 [95% CI 1.32-2.27]) or T2D (HR 1.94 [95% CI 1.46-2.59]) alone. Individuals with both T2D and VFs had increased mortality compared with individuals without T2D and VFs (HR 2.11 [95% CI 1.72-2.59]) or with VFs alone (HR 1.84 [95% CI 1.49-2.28]) and borderline increased compared with individuals with T2D alone (HR 1.23 [95% CI 0.99-1.52]).\n\nConclusions: Based on our findings, individuals with T2D should be systematically assessed for presence of VFs, and, as in individuals without T2D, their presence constitutes an indication to start osteoporosis treatment for the prevention of future fractures.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"43","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Diabetes Care"}}},"pageStart":"137","pageEnd":"144","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.2337/dc19-0925","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90974123"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2337/dc19-0925"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31658976"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q90974123"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/322-prolonged-amenorrhea-is-associated-with-decreased-hip-bone-mineral-density-i-recea5mta7ehu91eq/","name":"322. Prolonged Amenorrhea Is Associated with Decreased Hip Bone Mineral Density in Women Living with HIV","headline":"322. Prolonged Amenorrhea Is Associated with Decreased Hip Bone Mineral Density in Women Living with HIV","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/322-prolonged-amenorrhea-is-associated-with-decreased-hip-bone-mineral-density-i-recea5mta7ehu91eq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Arianne Albert","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0871-5866","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Health Research Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0455vfz21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elizabeth M King","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3609-1736","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Simon Fraser University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0213rcc28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Evelyn J Maan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5930-3514","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"B.C. Women's Hospital & Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c4nx247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hélène C F Côté","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0399-5141","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Health Research Institute, H214-4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia V6H 3N1, Canada; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Rm. G227 - 2211 Wesb...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0455vfz21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Melanie C M Murray","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9538-2758","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oak Tree Clinic, BC Women's Hospital and Health Centre, 4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 0A7, Canada; Women's Health Research Institute, H214-4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia V6...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0455vfz21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neora Pick","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4123-3698","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"B.C. Women's Hospital & Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c4nx247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ariel Nesbitt","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2019-10-23","abstract":"Background Women living with HIV (WLWH) have higher rates of long-term amenorrhea (no flow for ≥12 months) than HIV-negative women. However, little is known about the consequences of amenorrhea for WLWH. Both amenorrhea and HIV are associated with lower areal bone mineral density (BMD); though the combined effect of both on BMD remains unclear. In this cross-sectional study we investigated whether prolonged amenorrhea adversely affects BMD among WLWH. Methods We investigated BMD (using a Hologic bone densitometer) and prolonged amenorrhea among WLWH and HIV-negative control women of similar socioeconomic backgrounds aged 19–68 in the CARMA cohort. Participants were stratified by HIV status and history of prolonged secondary amenorrhea defined as a self-reported absence of menses for at least one year in the past or present, occurring at age <45 years and not due to surgery, breastfeeding, pregnancy or hormonal contraception. Hip and spine Z-scores (ageand racestandardized BMD values) were compared between groups using linear models, followed by multivariable analysis of BMD-related factors. Results WLWH (N = 129) had significantly lower hip (mean±SD −0.4 ± 0.9 vs. 0.3 ± 1.1; P < 0.001) and spine (−0.5 ± 1.3 vs. 0.2 ± 1.3; P = 0.001) Z-scores vs. controls (N = 129). Multivariable linear regression found prolonged amenorrhea was independently related to lower hip (P = 0.01), but not spine (P = 0.94) BMD. Within WLWH, the effect of amenorrhea was also additive to that of HIV, with hip Z-scores of -0.8±0.9for those with amenorrhea vs. -0.3±0.8for those normally cycling (P = 0.01). Amongst WLWH, those with prolonged amenorrhea had higher rates of illicit substance use, smoking, chronic opioid therapy, hepatitis C viral infection, and poorer HIV viral control than those with normal menstruation. Conclusion These data suggest that WLWH having prolonged amenorrhea of ≥1 year’s duration are at increased risk for hip bone loss, a finding influenced by comorbid, HIV-associated conditions. Screening WLWH for menstrual history will allow early discovery of osteoporosis risk, and stimulate preventative measures to mitigate bone loss. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"Supplement_2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Open forum infectious diseases"}}},"pageStart":"S170-S171","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.395","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94133627"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/ofid/ofz360.395"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q94133627"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reprint-of-dating-the-endometrial-biopsy-recswm5q9jc0xbf8t/","name":"Reprint of: Dating the Endometrial Biopsy","headline":"Reprint of: Dating the Endometrial Biopsy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reprint-of-dating-the-endometrial-biopsy-recswm5q9jc0xbf8t/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R W Noyes"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A T Hertig"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J A Rock","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9970-8417","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}}],"datePublished":"2019-10-19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"112","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4 Suppl1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"e93-e115","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.08.079","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90778473"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.08.079"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31623748"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q90778473"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/myo-inositol-for-the-prevention-of-gestational-diabetes-mellitus-a-brief-review-recvou6neliubdttp/","name":"Myo-Inositol for the Prevention of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. A Brief Review","headline":"Myo-Inositol for the Prevention of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. A Brief Review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/myo-inositol-for-the-prevention-of-gestational-diabetes-mellitus-a-brief-review-recvou6neliubdttp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Angelo Santamaria","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0069-7445","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Angela Alibrandi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6695-151X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Francesco Corrado","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7461-5372","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonino DI Benedetto","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4093-5655","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fabio Facchinetti","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4694-9564","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rosario D'Anna","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4655-5071","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Messina, Italy.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}}],"datePublished":"2019-10-18","abstract":"Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is one of the most frequent complications of pregnancy and is characterized by a carbohydrate intolerance which is diagnosed with the oral glucose tolerance test. The prevalence of GDM in our population is about 12%, but risk factors like a previous GDM, ethnicity, a parent with diabetes mellitus type 2 and maternal overweight may increase its occurrence. Complications of GDM are a pre-term birth (before 37 wk gestation), macrosomia (birth weight ≥4 kg) and gestational hypertension. Actually, GDM is principally treated with diet and, if it is necessary, with insulin; but the challenge is the prevention of GDM. Among the measures used, changes in life-style (diet+exercise) failed to prevent GDM whereas metformin showed conflicting results. A promising supplement is myo-inositol (MI) which was given from first trimester until delivery to women at risk for GDM reporting a significant decrease in GDM occurrence by more than 60% comparing to the placebo group. Recently, a secondary analysis from 3 randomized controlled trials demonstrated that MI may also significantly reduce some of GDM complications such as pre-term birth and macrosomia with a favorable impact on mother and fetus well being.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"65","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"Supplement","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology"}}},"pageStart":"S59-S61","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.65.S59","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90754043"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3177/jnsv.65.S59"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31619648"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q90754043"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vaginal-microbiome-transplantation-in-women-with-intractable-bacterial-vaginosis-rec7wxb4vj0rh0odw/","name":"Vaginal microbiome transplantation in women with intractable bacterial vaginosis","headline":"Vaginal microbiome transplantation in women with intractable bacterial vaginosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vaginal-microbiome-transplantation-in-women-with-intractable-bacterial-vaginosis-rec7wxb4vj0rh0odw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Debra Goldman‐Wohl","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5157-1917","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hadassah Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cqmqj90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Avner Leshem","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4082-2036","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04nd58p63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Uria Mor","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2918-6406","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Weizmann Institute of Science","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0316ej306"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacob Strahilevitz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9192-7164","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hadassah Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cqmqj90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Allon E Moses","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2077-5754","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hadassah Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cqmqj90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hagit Shapiro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4590-4671","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Weizmann Institute of Science","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0316ej306"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Simcha Yagel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1412-5862","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hadassah Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cqmqj90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yotam Cohen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1527-6372","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Weizmann Institute of Science","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0316ej306"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mally Dori-Bachash","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Weizmann Institute of Science","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0316ej306"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eran Elinav","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5775-2110","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"German Cancer Research Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04cdgtt98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Debra Goldman-Wohl","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8318-5415","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ahinoam Lev-Sagie","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3809-5418","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hadassah Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cqmqj90"}}],"datePublished":"2019-10-09","abstract":"We report the results of a first exploratory study testing the use of vaginal microbiome transplantation (VMT) from healthy donors as a therapeutic alternative for patients suffering from symptomatic, intractable and recurrent bacterial vaginosis (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02236429 ). In our case series, five patients were treated, and in four of them VMT was associated with full long-term remission until the end of follow-up at 5-21 months after VMT, defined as marked improvement of symptoms, Amsel criteria, microscopic vaginal fluid appearance and reconstitution of a Lactobacillus-dominated vaginal microbiome. One patient presented with incomplete remission in clinical and laboratory features. No adverse effects were observed in any of the five women. Notably, remission in three patients necessitated repeated VMT, including a donor change in one patient, to elicit a long-standing clinical response. The therapeutic efficacy of VMT in women with intractable and recurrent bacterial vaginosis should be further determined in randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"25","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nature Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"1500","pageEnd":"1504","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-019-0600-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90576680"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/s41591-019-0600-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31591599"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q90576680"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-use-of-oral-contraceptives-with-depressive-symptoms-among-adolesc-recxnphefs92ciafy/","name":"Association of Use of Oral Contraceptives With Depressive Symptoms Among  Adolescents and Young Women","headline":"Association of Use of Oral Contraceptives With Depressive Symptoms Among  Adolescents and Young Women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-use-of-oral-contraceptives-with-depressive-symptoms-among-adolesc-recxnphefs92ciafy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sanne H Booij","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0611-4784","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Groningen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012p63287"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Erik J Giltay","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8874-2292","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012p63287"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hadine Joffe","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7035-8249","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert A Schoevers","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0760-9866","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Groningen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012p63287"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Albertine J Oldehinkel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3925-3913","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anouk E de Wit","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9511-3118","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Medical Center Groningen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03cv38k47"}}],"datePublished":"2019-10-03","abstract":"Importance: Oral contraceptives have been associated with an increased risk of subsequent clinical depression in adolescents. However, the association of oral contraceptive use with concurrent depressive symptoms remains unclear.\n\nObjectives: To investigate the association between oral contraceptive use and depressive symptoms and to examine whether this association is affected by age and which specific symptoms are associated with oral contraceptive use. DESIGN, SETTING, AND\n\nParticipants: Data from the third to sixth wave of the prospective cohort study Tracking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey (TRAILS), conducted from September 1, 2005, to December 31, 2016, among females aged 16 to 25 years who had filled out at least 1 and up to 4 assessments of oral contraceptive use, were used. Data analysis was performed from March 1, 2017, to May 31, 2019.\n\nExposure: Oral contraceptive use at 16, 19, 22, and 25 years of age.\n\nMAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Depressive symptoms were assessed by the DSM-IV-oriented affective problems scale of the Youth (aged 16 years) and Adult Self-Report (aged 19, 22, and 25 years).\n\nResults: Data from a total of 1010 girls (743-903 girls, depending on the wave) were analyzed (mean [SD] age at the first assessment of oral contraceptive use, 16.3 [0.7]; (mean [SD] age at the final assessment of oral contraceptive use, 25.6 [0.6] years). Oral contraceptive users particularly differed from nonusers at age 16 years, with nonusers having a higher mean (SD) socioeconomic status (0.17 [0.78] vs -0.15 [0.71]) and more often being virgins (424 of 533 [79.5%] vs 74 of 303 [24.4%]). Although all users combined (mean [SD] ages, 16.3 [0.7] to 25.6 [0.6] years) did not show higher depressive symptom scores compared with nonusers, adolescent users (mean [SD] age, 16.5 [0.7] years) reported higher depressive symptom scores compared with their nonusing counterparts (mean [SD] age, 16.1 [0.6] years) (mean [SD] score, 0.40 [0.30] vs 0.33 [0.30]), which persisted after adjustment for age, socioeconomic status and ethnicity (β coefficient for interaction with age, -0.021; 95% CI, -0.038 to -0.005; P = .0096). Adolescent contraceptive users particularly reported more crying (odds ratio, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.38-2.58; P < .001), hypersomnia (odds ratio, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.14-2.48; P = .006), and more eating problems (odds ratio, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.13-2.10; P = .009) than nonusers.\n\nConclusions and Relevance: Although oral contraceptive use showed no association with depressive symptoms when all age groups were combined, 16-year-old girls reported higher depressive symptom scores when using oral contraceptives. Monitoring depressive symptoms in adolescents who are using oral contraceptives is important, as the use of oral contraceptives may affect their quality of life and put them at risk for nonadherence.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"77","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA Psychiatry"}}},"pageStart":"52","pageEnd":"59","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.2838","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90435394"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.2838"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31577333"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q90435394"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cannabis-and-male-fertility-a-systematic-review-03ztxua5/","name":"Cannabis and Male Fertility: A Systematic Review","headline":"Cannabis and Male Fertility: A Systematic Review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cannabis-and-male-fertility-a-systematic-review-03ztxua5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Payne KS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mazur DJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"James M Hotaling","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4401-4565","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pastuszak AW","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6740-8348"}],"datePublished":"2019-10-01","abstract":"PURPOSE: With cannabis consumption on the rise and use prominent among males of reproductive age it is essential to understand the potential impact of cannabis on male fertility. We reviewed the literature regarding the effects of cannabis on male fertility.\n\nMATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a literature search using PubMed®/MEDLINE® to identify relevant studies of the effects of cannabis on male fertility. Relevant studies were identified and reviewed.\n\nRESULTS: The strongest evidence of cannabis induced alterations in male fertility is in the category of semen parameters. Research supports a role for cannabis in reducing sperm count and concentration, inducing abnormalities in sperm morphology, reducing sperm motility and viability, and inhibiting capacitation and fertilizing capacity. Animal models demonstrate a role for cannabis in testicular atrophy, and reduced libido and sexual function but to our knowledge these results have not yet been replicated in human studies. Studies of hormonal changes suggest inconclusive effects on testosterone levels, lowered luteinizing hormone levels and unchanged follicle-stimulating hormone levels.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Current research suggests that cannabis may negatively impact male fertility. Further studies are needed to validate that robust findings in animal models will carry over into human experience. Clinicians should be aware of these potential effects when prescribing medical marijuana therapies to men of reproductive age, and they should consider the degree of cannabis use as a possible component of a complete male infertility workup.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"202","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of urology"}}},"pageStart":"674","pageEnd":"681","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000000248","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92648753"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/JU.0000000000000248"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30916627"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92648753"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/levothyroxine-to-increase-live-births-in-euthyroid-women-with-thyroid-antibodies-recjviuy7rszxuhfk/","name":"Levothyroxine to increase live births in euthyroid women with thyroid antibodies trying to conceive: the TABLET RCT","headline":"Levothyroxine to increase live births in euthyroid women with thyroid antibodies trying to conceive: the TABLET RCT","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/levothyroxine-to-increase-live-births-in-euthyroid-women-with-thyroid-antibodies-recjviuy7rszxuhfk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dhillon-Smith RK, Middleton LJ, Sunner KK, Cheed V, Baker K, Farrell-Carver S, Bender-Atik R, Agrawal R, Bhatia K, Edi-Osagie E, Ghobara T, Gupta P, Jurkovic D, Khalaf Y, MacLean M, McCabe C, Mulbagal K, Nunes N, Overton C, Quenby S, Rai R, Raine-Fenning N, Robinson L, Ross J, Sizer A, Small R, Tan A, Underwood M, Kilby MD, Boelaert K, Daniels J, Thangaratinam S, Chan SY, Coomarasamy A"}],"datePublished":"2019-10-01","abstract":"Thyroid autoantibodies, specifically thyroid peroxidase antibodies, have been associated with miscarriage and pre-term birth in women with a normal thyroid function. Small randomised controlled trials have found that treatment with levothyroxine may reduce such adverse outcomes in pregnancy. The Thyroid AntiBodies and LEvoThyroxine (TABLET) trial was conducted to explore the effects of levothyroxine in euthyroid women with thyroid peroxidase antibodies. This was a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre study conducted in 49 hospitals across the UK between 2011 and 2016. Euthyroid women who tested positive for thyroid peroxidase antibodies, were aged between 16 and 41 years and were trying to conceive either naturally or through assisted conception were eligible. Participants were randomised to levothyroxine at a dose of 50 mcg daily or placebo. The primary outcome was live birth at >= 34 completed weeks of gestation. Of the 19,556 women screened, 1420 were eligible and 952 were randomised. The live birth rate was 37% in the levothyroxine group and 38% in the placebo group (relative risk 0.97, 95% CI 0.83 to 1.14; p = 0.74). Levothyroxine therapy in a dose of 50 mcg per day does not improve live birth rate in euthyroid women with thyroid peroxidase antibodies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Efficacy and Mechanism Evaluation"}}},"pageStart":"1","pageEnd":"72","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3310/eme06110","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q95579492"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3310/eme06110"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31617987"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q95579492"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-of-prostate-cancer-for-men-fathering-through-assisted-reproduction-nationwi-ymbp33ut/","name":"Risk of prostate cancer for men fathering through assisted reproduction: nationwide population based register study","headline":"Risk of prostate cancer for men fathering through assisted reproduction: nationwide population based register study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-of-prostate-cancer-for-men-fathering-through-assisted-reproduction-nationwi-ymbp33ut/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Al-Jebari Y"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elenkov A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wirestrand E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Schütz I"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Giwercman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rigshospitalet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mchdq19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lundberg Giwercman Y"}],"datePublished":"2019-09-25","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To compare the risk and severity of prostate cancer between men achieving fatherhood by assisted reproduction and men conceiving naturally.\n\nDESIGN: National register based cohort study.\n\nSETTING: Sweden from January 1994 to December 2014.\n\nPARTICIPANTS: 1 181 490 children born alive in Sweden during 1994-2014 to the same number of fathers. Fathers were grouped according to fertility status by mode of conception: 20 618 by in vitro fertilisation (IVF), 14 882 by intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), and 1 145 990 by natural conception.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Prostate cancer diagnosis, age of onset, and androgen deprivation therapy (serving as proxy for advanced or metastatic malignancy).\n\nRESULTS: Among men achieving fatherhood by IVF, by ICSI, and by non-assisted means, 77 (0.37%), 63 (0.42%), and 3244 (0.28%), respectively, were diagnosed as having prostate cancer. Mean age at onset was 55.9, 55.1, and 57.1 years, respectively. Men who became fathers through assisted reproduction had a statistically significantly increased risk of prostate cancer compared with men who conceived naturally (hazard ratio 1.64, 95% confidence interval 1.25 to 2.15, for ICSI; 1.33, 1.06 to 1.66, for IVF). They also had an increased risk of early onset disease (that is, diagnosis before age 55 years) (hazard ratio 1.86, 1.25 to 2.77, for ICSI; 1.51, 1.09 to 2.08, for IVF). Fathers who conceived through ICSI and developed prostate cancer received androgen deprivation therapy to at least the same extent as the reference group (odds ratio 1.91; P=0.07).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Men who achieved fatherhood through assisted reproduction techniques, particularly through ICSI, are at increased risk for early onset prostate cancer and thus constitute a risk group in which testing and careful long term follow-up for prostate cancer may be beneficial.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"366","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ (Clinical research ed.)"}},"pageStart":"l5214","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l5214","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90286472"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj.l5214"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31554611"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q90286472"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/daily-perceived-stress-and-time-to-pregnancy-a-prospective-cohort-study-of-women-rec4pkdytcmjouib1/","name":"Daily perceived stress and time to pregnancy: A prospective cohort study of women trying to conceive","headline":"Daily perceived stress and time to pregnancy: A prospective cohort study of women trying to conceive","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/daily-perceived-stress-and-time-to-pregnancy-a-prospective-cohort-study-of-women-rec4pkdytcmjouib1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jihye Park","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9895-7756","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christina A Porucznik","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1973-2917","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kylie Christensen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5909-2534","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2019-09-24","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Prior studies among women with impaired fecundity have consistently demonstrated a positive association between daily perceived stress and the ability to conceive. However, the effects of daily stress on time to pregnancy (TTP) among women with proven fertility is not known.\n\nMATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and forty-three women ages 18-35, in a relationship of proven fertility, who desired to conceive were included in the analysis. Daily diaries recording perceived stress (scale 0-10) were completed for up to 7 menstrual cycles or until pregnancy. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the association between time-varying perceived stress tertiles (high [>4.1-7.2], moderate [>2.7-4.1], and low [0.1-2.7]) and adjusted fecundability odds ratio (aFOR), 95% confidence intervals (CI), after taking into account age, parity, education, time-varying caffeine and alcohol intake, fertility awareness tracking, and cycle intent to conceive.\n\nRESULTS: Among the 111 participants who completed daily diaries, 90 (81.1%) conceived. Women reporting high or moderate stress, versus low stress, had no difference in probability of achieving pregnancy (aFOR: 1.11 [95% CI: 0.58, 2.14]; and aFOR: 1.37 [0.71, 2.67]), respectively. Additional adjustment for intercourse frequency during narrow fertile window, or narrowing exposure focus to pre-ovulatory or pre-implantation stress did not appreciably alter the estimates.\n\nCONCLUSION: Daily perceived stress was not adversely associated with TTP among women with proven fertility. While a growing body of evidence supports adverse effects of more severe stressful life events on female reproductive function, moderate psychological stress, commonly referred to as eustress, among relatively healthy women with proven fertility does not appear to adversely impact TTP.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"110","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"}},"pageStart":"104446","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.104446","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90220827"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.104446"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31546113"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q90220827"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/impact-of-aging-on-obstetric-outcomes-defining-advanced-maternal-age-in-barcelon-1drcczr8/","name":"Impact of aging on obstetric outcomes: defining advanced maternal age in Barcelona","headline":"Impact of aging on obstetric outcomes: defining advanced maternal age in Barcelona","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/impact-of-aging-on-obstetric-outcomes-defining-advanced-maternal-age-in-barcelon-1drcczr8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Claramonte Nieto M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Meler Barrabes E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Garcia Martínez S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gutiérrez Prat M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Serra Zantop B"}],"datePublished":"2019-09-23","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Women of advanced maternal age (AMA) are a growing population, with higher obstetric risks. The Mediterranean population has specific characteristics different from other areas. Thus, the objective of this study was to establish a cut-off to define AMA in a selected mediterranean population coming from a tertiary referral private/mutual health hospital in Barcelona.\n\nMETHODS: Retrospective cohort of euploid singleton pregnancies delivered from January 2007 to June 2017. Main maternal outcomes were: gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, placenta previa, c-section and prolonged hospitalization (≥ 7 days). Main adverse perinatal outcomes were: stillbirth, prematurity, preterm prelabor rupture of membranes, low birth weight, need of admission at a neonatal intensive care unit and perinatal mortality. Adjustment for confounding factors (smoking, previous comorbilities, parity, assisted reproductive techniques (ART) and obesity) was performed.\n\nRESULTS: A total of 25054 pregnancies were included. Mean maternal age was 34.7 ± 4.2 years, with 2807 patients in the group of age between 40 and 44 years (11.2%) and 280 patients ≥45 years (1.1%). Women at AMA had higher incidence of previous comorbilities (compared to the reference group of women < 30 years): prior c-section, chronic hypertension and obesity. In addition, they were more likely to use ART. After adjusting for confounding factors, maternal age was an independent and statistically significant risk factor for gestational diabetes (OR 1.66/2.80/3.14) for ages 30-39, 40-44 and ≥ 45 years respectively, c-section (OR 1.28/2.41/7.27) and placenta previa (OR 2.56/4.83) for ages 40-44 and ≥ 45 years respectively, but not for preeclampsia (neither early-onset nor late-onset). Risk of emergency c-section was only increased in women ≥45 years (OR, 2.03 (95% CI, 1.50-2.74). In the other groups of age, the increase in c-section rate was because of elective indications. Age ≥ 45 years was associated with iatrogenic prematurity < 37 weeks (OR 2.62, 95% CI 1.30-5.27). No other relevant associations between AMA and maternal or neonatal outcomes were found.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Maternal age is an independent risk factor for adverse obstetric outcomes. Age ≥ 40 years was associated to relevant increased risks and reveals to be an adequate cut-off to define AMA in our population.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMC pregnancy and childbirth"}}},"pageStart":"342","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-019-2415-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90235716"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s12884-019-2415-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31547808"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q90235716"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nutraceutical-supplements-in-the-thyroid-setting-health-benefits-beyond-basic-nu-rec5vzksmmj0punbe/","name":"Nutraceutical Supplements in the Thyroid Setting: Health Benefits beyond Basic Nutrition","headline":"Nutraceutical Supplements in the Thyroid Setting: Health Benefits beyond Basic Nutrition","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nutraceutical-supplements-in-the-thyroid-setting-health-benefits-beyond-basic-nu-rec5vzksmmj0punbe/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Salvatore Benvenga","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6391-5342","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ulla Feldt‐Rasmussen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5903-3355","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Copenhagen University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05bpbnx46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ernest Asamoah","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Physicians","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xh8yr59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Daniela Bonofiglio","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4142-0496","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Calabria","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02rc97e94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ulla Feldt-Rasmussen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical Endocrinology and Metabolism PE 2132, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark"}}],"datePublished":"2019-09-22","abstract":"In recent years, there has been a growing interest in nutraceuticals, which may be considered as an efficient, preventive, and therapeutic tool in facing different pathological conditions, including thyroid diseases. Although iodine remains the major nutrient required for the functioning of the thyroid gland, other dietary components play important roles in clinical thyroidology-these include selenium, l-carnitine, myo-inositol, melatonin, and resveratrol-some of which have antioxidant properties. The main concern regarding the appropriate and effective use of nutraceuticals in prevention and treatment is due to the lack of clinical data supporting their efficacy. Another limitation is the discrepancy between the concentration claimed by the label and the real concentration. This paper provides a detailed critical review on the health benefits, beyond basic nutrition, of some popular nutraceutical supplements, with a special focus on their effects on thyroid pathophysiology and aims to distinguish between the truths and myths surrounding the clinical use of such nutraceuticals.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nutrients"}}},"pageStart":"E2214","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11092214","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90193898"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/nu11092214"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31540254"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q90193898"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-brief-update-on-the-evidence-supporting-the-treatment-of-infertility-in-polycy-recoqqyewdbiiaquy/","name":"A brief update on the evidence supporting the treatment of infertility in  polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"A brief update on the evidence supporting the treatment of infertility in  polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-brief-update-on-the-evidence-supporting-the-treatment-of-infertility-in-polycy-recoqqyewdbiiaquy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Costello MF, Misso ML, Balen A, Boyle J, Devoto L, Garad RM, Hart R, Johnson L, Jordan C, Legro RS, Norman RJ, Moran L, Mocanu E, Qiao J, Rodgers RJ, Rombauts L, Tassone EC, Thangaratinam S, Vanky E, Teede HJ"}],"datePublished":"2019-09-13","abstract":"Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is complex with reproductive, metabolic and psychological features. Infertility is a prevalent presenting feature of PCOS with approximately 75% of these women suffering infertility due to anovulation, making PCOS by far the most common cause of anovulatory infertility. Previous guidelines either lacked rigorous evidence-based processes, did not engage consumer and international multidisciplinary perspectives, or were outdated.\n\nAims: This review paper aims to provide a brief update on the best available and most current research evidence supporting the treatment of PCOS which informed the recommendations in the assessment and treatment of infertility section of the international evidence-based guideline on PCOS 2018.\n\nMATERIALS AND Methods: International evidence-based guideline development engaged professional societies and consumer organisations with multidisciplinary experts and women with PCOS directly involved at all stages.\n\nResults: Lifestyle change alone is considered the first-line treatment for the management of infertile anovulatory PCOS women who are overweight or obese. Letrozole should now be considered first-line pharmacological treatment for ovulation induction to improve fertility outcomes. Clomiphene citrate alone and metformin alone could also be used as first-line pharmacological therapy, although both are less effective than letrozole and metformin is less effective than clomiphene citrate in obese women. Gonadotrophins or laparoscopic ovarian surgery are usually second-line ovulation induction therapies. In the absence of an absolute indication for in vitro fertilisation (IVF) / intracytoplasmic sperm injection, women with PCOS and anovulatory infertility could be offered IVF as third-line therapy where firstor second-line ovulation induction therapies have failed.\n\nConclusion: This review provides the best available evidence informing recommendations (along with clinical expertise and consumer preference) which provide clinicians with clear advice on best practice for the management of infertile women with PCOS.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"59","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Australian & New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"867","pageEnd":"873","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/ajo.13051","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90079187"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/ajo.13051"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31514246"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q90079187"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nausea-and-vomiting-of-pregnancy-and-hyperemesis-gravidarum-lssmqeup/","name":"Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy and hyperemesis gravidarum","headline":"Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy and hyperemesis gravidarum","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nausea-and-vomiting-of-pregnancy-and-hyperemesis-gravidarum-lssmqeup/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Fejzo MS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Trovik J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Grooten IJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sridharan K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roseboom TJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vikanes Å"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Painter RC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mullin PM"}],"datePublished":"2019-09-12","abstract":"Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) is a common condition that affects as many as 70% of pregnant women. Although no consensus definition is available for hyperemesis gravidarum (HG), it is typically viewed as the severe form of NVP and has been reported to occur in 0.3-10.8% of pregnant women. HG can be associated with poor maternal, fetal and child outcomes. The majority of women with NVP can be managed with dietary and lifestyle changes, but more than one-third of patients experience clinically relevant symptoms that may require fluid and vitamin supplementation and/or antiemetic therapy such as, for example, combined doxylamine/pyridoxine, which is not teratogenic and may be effective in treating NVP. Ondansetron is commonly used to treat HG, but studies are urgently needed to determine whether it is safer and more effective than using first-line antiemetics. Thiamine (vitamin B1) should be introduced following protocols to prevent refeeding syndrome and Wernicke encephalopathy. Recent advances in the genetic study of NVP and HG suggest a placental component to the aetiology by implicating common variants in genes encoding placental proteins (namely GDF15 and IGFBP7) and hormone receptors (namely GFRAL and PGR). New studies on aetiology, diagnosis, management and treatment are under way. In the next decade, progress in these areas may improve maternal quality of life and limit the adverse outcomes associated with HG.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nature reviews. Disease primers"}}},"pageStart":"62","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1038/s41572-019-0110-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90084117"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/s41572-019-0110-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31515515"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q90084117"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/interventions-for-unexplained-infertility-a-systematic-review-and-network-metaan-kqo6z4lk/","name":"Interventions for unexplained infertility: a systematic review and network meta-analysis","headline":"Interventions for unexplained infertility: a systematic review and network meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/interventions-for-unexplained-infertility-a-systematic-review-and-network-metaan-kqo6z4lk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ruoyu Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9275-0647","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Danhof NA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tjon-Kon-Fat RI"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marinus J C Eijkemans","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9400-0615","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, CX Utrecht, Netherlands"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bossuyt PM","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4427-0128"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mochtar MH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"van der Veen F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Siladitya Bhattacharya","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6279-7826","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aberdeen Maternity Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0020hse07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ben W Mol","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8337-550X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00q6h8f30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Madelon van Wely","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8263-213X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Academic Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03t4gr691"}}],"datePublished":"2019-09-05","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Clinical management for unexplained infertility includes expectant management as well as active treatments, including ovarian stimulation (OS), intrauterine insemination (IUI), OS-IUI, and in vitro fertilisation (IVF) with or without intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).Existing systematic reviews have conducted head-to-head comparisons of these interventions using pairwise meta-analyses. As this approach allows only the comparison of two interventions at a time and is contingent on the availability of appropriate primary evaluative studies, it is difficult to identify the best intervention in terms of effectiveness and safety. Network meta-analysis compares multiple treatments simultaneously by using both direct and indirect evidence and provides a hierarchy of these treatments, which can potentially better inform clinical decision-making.\n\nOBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of different approaches to clinical management (expectant management, OS, IUI, OS-IUI, and IVF/ICSI) in couples with unexplained infertility.\n\nSEARCH METHODS: We performed a systematic review and network meta-analysis of relevant randomised controlled trials (RCTs). We searched electronic databases including the Cochrane Gynaecology and Fertility Group Specialised Register of Controlled Trials, the Cochrane Central Register of Studies Online, MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO and CINAHL, up to 6 September 2018, as well as reference lists, to identify eligible studies. We also searched trial registers for ongoing trials.\n\nSELECTION CRITERIA: We included RCTs comparing at least two of the following clinical management options in couples with unexplained infertility: expectant management, OS, IUI, OS-IUI, and IVF (or combined with ICSI).\n\nDATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two review authors independently screened titles and abstracts identified by the search strategy. We obtained the full texts of potentially eligible studies to assess eligibility and extracted data using standardised forms. The primary effectiveness outcome was a composite of cumulative live birth or ongoing pregnancy, and the primary safety outcome was multiple pregnancy. We performed a network meta-analysis within a random-effects multi-variate meta-analysis model. We presented treatment effects by using odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). For the network meta-analysis, we used Confidence in Network Meta-analysis (CINeMA) to evaluate the overall certainty of evidence.\n\nMAIN RESULTS: We included 27 RCTs (4349 couples) in this systematic review and 24 RCTs (3983 couples) in a subsequent network meta-analysis. Overall, the certainty of evidence was low to moderate: the main limitations were imprecision and/or heterogeneity.Ten RCTs including 2725 couples reported on live birth. Evidence of differences between OS, IUI, OS-IUI, or IVF/ICSI versus expectant management was insufficient (OR 1.01, 95% CI 0.51 to 1.98; low-certainty evidence; OR 1.21, 95% CI 0.61 to 2.43; low-certainty evidence; OR 1.61, 95% CI 0.88 to 2.94; low-certainty evidence; OR 1.88, 95 CI 0.81 to 4.38; low-certainty evidence). This suggests that if the chance of live birth following expectant management is assumed to be 17%, the chance following OS, IUI, OS-IUI, and IVF would be 9% to 28%, 11% to 33%, 15% to 37%, and 14% to 47%, respectively. When only including couples with poor prognosis of natural conception (3 trials, 725 couples) we found OS-IUI and IVF/ICSI increased live birth rate compared to expectant management (OR 4.48, 95% CI 2.00 to 10.1; moderate-certainty evidence; OR 4.99, 95 CI 2.07 to 12.04; moderate-certainty evidence), while there was insufficient evidence of a difference between IVF/ICSI and OS-IUI (OR 1.11, 95% CI 0.78 to 1.60; low-certainty evidence).Eleven RCTs including 2564 couples reported on multiple pregnancy. Compared to expectant management/IUI, OS (OR 3.07, 95% CI 1.00 to 9.41; low-certainty evidence) and OS-IUI (OR 3.34 95% CI 1.09 to 10.29; moderate-certainty evidence) increased the odds of multiple pregnancy, and there was insufficient evidence of a difference between IVF/ICSI and expectant management/IUI (OR 2.66, 95% CI 0.68 to 10.43; low-certainty evidence). These findings suggest that if the chance of multiple pregnancy following expectant management or IUI is assumed to be 0.6%, the chance following OS, OS-IUI, and IVF/ICSI would be 0.6% to 5.0%, 0.6% to 5.4%, and 0.4% to 5.5%, respectively.Trial results show insufficient evidence of a difference between IVF/ICSI and OS-IUI for moderate/severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) (OR 2.50, 95% CI 0.92 to 6.76; 5 studies; 985 women; moderate-certainty evidence). This suggests that if the chance of moderate/severe OHSS following OS-IUI is assumed to be 1.1%, the chance following IVF/ICSI would be between 1.0% and 7.2%.\n\nAUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: There is insufficient evidence of differences in live birth between expectant management and the other four interventions (OS, IUI, OS-IUI, and IVF/ICSI). Compared to expectant management/IUI, OS may increase the odds of multiple pregnancy, and OS-IUI probably increases the odds of multiple pregnancy. Evidence on differences between IVF/ICSI and expectant management for multiple pregnancy is insufficient, as is evidence of a difference for moderate or severe OHSS between IVF/ICSI and OS-IUI.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Cochrane database of systematic reviews"}}},"pageStart":"CD012692","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD012692.pub2","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/14651858.CD012692.pub2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31486548"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/increased-likelihood-of-pregnancy-using-an-app-connected-ovulation-test-system-a-recm8bde3mmji3w3g/","name":"Increased Likelihood of Pregnancy Using an App-Connected Ovulation Test System: A  Randomized Controlled Trial","headline":"Increased Likelihood of Pregnancy Using an App-Connected Ovulation Test System: A  Randomized Controlled Trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/increased-likelihood-of-pregnancy-using-an-app-connected-ovulation-test-system-a-recm8bde3mmji3w3g/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarah Johnson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0259-7950","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042twtr12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Graham Warren","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3821-5289","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bedford Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045s3rx57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sharon Bond","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8973-1982","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bedford Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045s3rx57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael J. Zinaman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05cf8a891"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sharon Bench-Capon","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bedford Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045s3rx57"}}],"datePublished":"2019-09-05","abstract":"Background: Women trying to conceive are increasingly using fertility-tracking software applications to time intercourse. This study evaluated the difference in conception rates between women trying to conceive using an application-connected ovulation test system, which measures urinary luteinizing hormone and an estrogen metabolite, versus those trying without using ovulation testing.\n\nMaterials and Methods: This home-based study involved 844 volunteers aged 18-40 years seeking to conceive. Volunteers randomized to the test arm were required to use the test system for the duration of the study while those randomized to the control arm were instructed not to use ovulation testing. Pregnancy rate differences across one and two cycles between the two groups were examined.\n\nResults: Volunteers in the test (n = 382) and control arms (n = 403) had similar baseline demographics. The proportion of women pregnant after one cycle was significantly greater in the test arm (25.4%) compared with the control arm (14.7%; p < 0.001). After two cycles, there continued to be a greater proportion of women pregnant in the test arm compared with the control arm (36.2% vs. 28.6%; p = 0.026). In the test arm, volunteers had intercourse less frequently per cycle compared with those not using ovulation testing (9 [range: 1-60] vs. 10 [range: 1-50]; p = 0.027), but were more likely to target intercourse to a particular part of their cycle compared with those not using ovulation testing (88.5% vs. 57.8%; p < 0.001).\n\nConclusion: Using the test system to time intercourse within the fertile window increases the likelihood of conceiving within two menstrual cycles.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"29","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Women's Health (2002)"}}},"pageStart":"84","pageEnd":"90","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2019.7850","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q93095724"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1089/jwh.2019.7850"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31483187"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q93095724"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/physical-activity-and-the-occurrence-of-postnatal-depressiona-systematic-review-znfiiwaq/","name":"Physical Activity and the Occurrence of Postnatal Depression-A Systematic Review","headline":"Physical Activity and the Occurrence of Postnatal Depression-A Systematic Review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/physical-activity-and-the-occurrence-of-postnatal-depressiona-systematic-review-znfiiwaq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kołomańska-Bogucka D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mazur-Bialy AI"}],"datePublished":"2019-09-02","abstract":"Background and Objectives: During pregnancy and the postnatal period many changes occur in a woman's body, both in mental and physical spheres. The birth of a child and a new role-of a mother-can sometimes be associated with numerous negative emotions, uncertainty, fear, anxiety, disgust, depression, or sadness. In the puerperium period, the development of baby blues or postpartum depression may occur. Postpartum depression develops within one month of childbirth and may last up to one year. Depressive disorders that may develop in a young mother affect both her and the newborn's health. That is why it is so important to try to search for factors that could significantly reduce the likelihood of developing depression in this period. The study aims at assessing the relationship between physical activity during pregnancy and puerperium or in the postpartum and the development of postnatal depression. Materials and Methods: A review of the literature was carried out in the Medline-PubMed database. The search terms were \"pregnancy\" AND \"physical activity AND postpartum depression\". The study included only English-language publications published in the period 2000-2018. Results: A total of 216 references were found. After establishing the inclusion and exclusion criteria based on the analysis of titles and abstracts, 173 articles were excluded from the review. A total of 43 publications were read in full. Finally, 16 articles were included in the review. It was shown that regular physical activity during pregnancy, pregnancy, and puerperium, or in the postnatal period itself as compared to inactivity, reduces the risk of developing depression in pregnant women and after the birth of a child. Conclusions: Physical activity can be an essential factor in the prevention of depressive disorders of women in the postnatal period.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"55","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)"}}},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina55090560","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q93081603"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/medicina55090560"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31480778"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q93081603"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/v-prescott-j-sasamoto-n-tobias-d-ca3dfmrq/","name":"Endometriosis and Risk of Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes","headline":"Endometriosis and Risk of Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/v-prescott-j-sasamoto-n-tobias-d-ca3dfmrq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Leslie V Farland","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7455-8531","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine -...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Prescott J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sasamoto N","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4526-2181"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tobias DK","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0020-9552"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Audrey J Gaskins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0812-7439","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia. Electronic address: Audrey.jane.gaskins@emory.edu.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stuart JJ","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2718-8827"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carusi DA","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6263-8224"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jorge E Chavarro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7790-8311","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrew Horne","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9656-493X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"John Radcliffe Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0080acb59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rich-Edwards JW","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5066-8808"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stacey A Missmer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1768-7705","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Michigan State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993"}}],"datePublished":"2019-09-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE:\nTo investigate the relationship between endometriosis and adverse pregnancy outcomes.\n\n\nMETHODS:\nWomen between ages 25 and 42 years in 1989 (n=116,429) reported detailed information on pregnancies and reproductive health at baseline and every 2 years thereafter in the Nurses' Health Study II, a cohort study. In 2009, they completed a detailed, pregnancy-focused questionnaire. A total of 196,722 pregnancies were reported. Adverse pregnancy outcomes included spontaneous abortion, ectopic pregnancy, stillbirth, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (preeclampsia or gestational hypertension), preterm birth, and low birth weight. We estimated the relative risks (RRs) and 95% CIs of adverse pregnancy outcomes comparing pregnancies in women with and without a history of laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis using multivariable log-binomial regression, with generalized estimating equations to account for multiple pregnancies per woman.\n\n\nRESULTS:\nEndometriosis was associated with a greater risk of pregnancy loss (spontaneous abortion: RR 1.40, 95% CI 1.31–1.49; ectopic pregnancy: RR 1.46, 95% CI 1.19–1.80). Endometriosis was also associated with a greater risk of GDM (RR 1.35, 95% CI 1.11–1.63) and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (RR 1.30, 95% CI 1.16–1.45).\n\n\nCONCLUSIONS:\nWe observed an association between laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis and several adverse pregnancy outcomes. Future research should focus on the potential biological pathways underlying these relationships to inform screening or preventive interventions.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"134","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"527","pageEnd":"536","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/aog.0000000000003410","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92560987"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/aog.0000000000003410"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92560987"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/phthalates-in-infant-cotton-clothing-occurrence-and-implications-for-human-expos-v5wl2fex/","name":"Phthalates in infant cotton clothing: Occurrence and implications for human exposure","headline":"Phthalates in infant cotton clothing: Occurrence and implications for human exposure","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/phthalates-in-infant-cotton-clothing-occurrence-and-implications-for-human-expos-v5wl2fex/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Li HL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ma WL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Liu LY"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhiqiang Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4692-7795","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tianjin Medical University General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/003sav965"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sverko E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhang ZF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wei Song","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7329-1107","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ruijin Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01hv94n30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yu Sun","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3827-021X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Capital Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/013xs5b60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Li YF"}],"datePublished":"2019-09-01","abstract":"Clothing easily adsorbed the chemicals in the environment, and became a source of human exposure to chemicals. However, large contacted surface area and long exposure duration have elevated human exposure to chemicals from clothing, such as phthalates. Among them, cotton clothing, which infants prefer to wear, has been proven to adsorb phthalates more easily than other fabrics. While infants are developing, they are easily affected by phthalates. In this study, in order to study accumulation of phthalates in infant cotton clothing during the whole process from production to the first wearing, 24 infant cotton clothing samples were collected from shopping malls in Harbin, China. High detection rates and concentrations suggest that phthalates in the environment are widely adsorbed to infant cotton clothing, and traditional laundering for infant clothing cannot remove phthalates completely. The median concentration of the total phthalates was 4.15 μg/g. Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) has become the dominant phthalate. For the estimated daily intakes (EDIs) for infants, dibutyl phthalate (DBP) had the highest contribution, followed by di-iso-butyl phthalate (DiBP) and DEHP. Dermal absorption has become the main route of infant exposure to phthalates, and ingestion contributed very little. The result of comparing with the EDIs via dermal absorption from house air and dust suggests that clothing plays an important role of dermal absorption exposure to phthalates. For risk assessment, the carcinogenic risk of BBP and DEHP indicates that the level of DEHP in infant cotton clothing might pose potential adverse effects to infant health.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"683","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Science of The Total Environment"}},"pageStart":"109","pageEnd":"115","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.132","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92296115"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.132"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92296115"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-peri-conceptional-bisphenol-a-exposure-in-women-and-men-and--recjuaoffobaljikr/","name":"Association between peri-conceptional bisphenol A exposure in women and men and  time to pregnancy-The HOPE study","headline":"Association between peri-conceptional bisphenol A exposure in women and men and  time to pregnancy-The HOPE study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-peri-conceptional-bisphenol-a-exposure-in-women-and-men-and--recjuaoffobaljikr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Shinyoung Ju","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1011-4434","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yue Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4745-8038","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kyley J Cox","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christina A Porucznik","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1973-2917","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dabin Yeum","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9575-4849","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2019-08-31","abstract":"Background: Bisphenol A (BPA) is a non-persistent endocrine-disrupting chemical with nearly ubiquitous, involuntary exposure. Previous studies have shown that BPA causes reproductive dysfunction in animal models, but there are limited data regarding the effects of BPA exposure on time to pregnancy (TTP) in humans.\n\nObjective: To evaluate whether peri-conceptional BPA exposure of women and men is associated with couples' TTP.\n\nMethods: A total of 164 heterosexual couples (164 women; 163 men) who have available BPA information as well as time to pregnancy from the Home Observation of Peri-conceptional Exposures (HOPE) Study were included and were followed up to 12 months. Women collected first-morning urine samples starting at the beginning of the fertile window and continued until the onset of menses or 18 days after the estimated day of ovulation (EDO+18 days). The time to pregnancy (TTP) after the enrolment was self-reported and used for the analysis. Discrete-time Cox proportional hazards models were performed to generate fecundability odds ratio (FOR) between BPA and TTP after adjusting for education and age, accounting for right censoring and prior number of cycles trying to conceive.\n\nResults: Among 164 couples, 125 couples became pregnant during the study. There was no association between TTP and peri-conceptional BPA exposure for both men (FOR 1.02, 95% CI 0.72, 1.47) and women (FOR 1.07, 95% CI 0.75, 1.53) after adjusting for education and age.\n\nConclusions: No association was found between peri-conceptional BPA exposure and fecundability in this preconception cohort of relatively young, healthy pregnancy planners.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"33","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology"}}},"pageStart":"397","pageEnd":"404","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/ppe.12578","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q93004111"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/ppe.12578"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31468552"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q93004111"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pathological-pulses-in-pcos-rec2ud88zthxypwcf/","name":"Pathological pulses in PCOS","headline":"Pathological pulses in PCOS","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pathological-pulses-in-pcos-rec2ud88zthxypwcf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher Coyle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8505-2373","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Otago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01jmxt844"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rebecca E Campbell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0309-532X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand. Electronic address: rebecca.campbell@otago.ac.nz.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01jmxt844"}}],"datePublished":"2019-08-29","abstract":"Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a highly prevalent endocrine disorder associated with hyperandrogenism and anovulation. Although a spectrum disorder, many women with PCOS exhibit elevated luteinizing hormone (LH) pulse frequency and an elevated LH to follicle stimulating hormone ratio. This aberrant pattern of gonadotrophin signalling drives many of the downstream ovarian features of PCOS, including increased androgen synthesis, and indicates neuroendocrine impairments upstream. Decreased responsiveness to gonadal steroid hormone negative feedback in PCOS patients points toward dysfunction within the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neuronal network in the brain. Excessive androgen exposure during development or over pubertal onset can recapitulate the neuroendocrine pathology of PCOS in pre-clinical models, and these models have been fundamental in beginning to pick apart the specific central mechanisms involved. This mini-review will briefly describe the pathology of PCOS associated with high frequency GnRH/LH pulses and then highlight what is currently known, and yet to be discovered, about the central mechanisms involved.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"498","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology"}},"pageStart":"110561","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mce.2019.110561","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92957740"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.mce.2019.110561"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31461666"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92957740"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-cesarean-delivery-with-risk-of-neurodevelopmental-and-psychiatric-recj9sxbekcqz1msh/","name":"Association of Cesarean Delivery With Risk of Neurodevelopmental and Psychiatric Disorders in the Offspring: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","headline":"Association of Cesarean Delivery With Risk of Neurodevelopmental and Psychiatric Disorders in the Offspring: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-cesarean-delivery-with-risk-of-neurodevelopmental-and-psychiatric-recj9sxbekcqz1msh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Tianyang Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4303-332X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stockholm Health Care Services","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04d5f4w73"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Sidorchuk","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8126-8177","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stockholm Health Care Services","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04d5f4w73"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laura Sevilla-Cermeño","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laura Sevilla‐Cermeño","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6471-0402","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Karolinska Institutet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056d84691"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alba Vilaplana-Pérez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7226-8830","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitat de València","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043nxc105"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zheng Chang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8087-1417","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Karolinska Institutet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056d84691"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Henrik Larsson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6851-3297","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Örebro University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05kytsw45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Mataix‐Cols","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4545-0924","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stockholm County Council","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02zrae794"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fernández de la Cruz L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lorena Fernández de la Cruz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2896-5319","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stockholm County Council","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02zrae794"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Mataix-Cols","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"}}],"datePublished":"2019-08-29","abstract":"IMPORTANCE: Birth by cesarean delivery is increasing globally, particularly cesarean deliveries without medical indication. Children born via cesarean delivery may have an increased risk of negative health outcomes, but the evidence for psychiatric disorders is incomplete.\n\nOBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between cesarean delivery and risk of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders in the offspring.\n\nDATA SOURCES: Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and PsycINFO were searched from inception to December 19, 2018. Search terms included all main mental disorders in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition).\n\nSTUDY SELECTION: Two researchers independently selected observational studies that examined the association between cesarean delivery and neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders in the offspring.\n\nDATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: Two researchers independently extracted data according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) and Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) reporting guidelines and assessed study quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Random-effects meta-analyses were used to pool odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs for each outcome. Sensitivity and influence analyses tested the robustness of the results.\n\nMAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The ORs for the offspring with any neurodevelopmental or psychiatric disorder who were born via cesarean delivery compared with those were born via vaginal delivery.\n\nRESULTS: A total of 6953 articles were identified, of which 61 studies comprising 67 independent samples were included, totaling 20 607 935 deliveries. Compared with offspring born by vaginal delivery, offspring born via cesarean delivery had increased odds of autism spectrum disorders (OR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.25-1.41; I2 = 69.5%) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (OR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.07-1.26; I2 = 79.2%). Estimates were less precise for intellectual disabilities (OR, 1.83; 95% CI, 0.90-3.70; I2 = 88.2%), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OR, 1.49; 95% CI, 0.87-2.56; I2 = 67.3%), tic disorders (OR, 1.31; 95% CI, 0.98-1.76; I2 = 75.6%), and eating disorders (OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 0.96-1.47; I2 = 92.7%). No significant associations were found with depression/affective psychoses or nonaffective psychoses. Estimates were comparable for emergency and elective cesarean delivery. Study quality was high for 82% of the cohort studies and 50% of the case-control studies.\n\nCONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The findings suggest that cesarean delivery births are associated with an increased risk of autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, irrespective of cesarean delivery modality, compared with vaginal delivery. Future studies on the mechanisms behind these associations appear to be warranted.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA Network Open"}}},"pageStart":"e1910236","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.10236","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92954527"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.10236"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31461150"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92954527"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptive-use-in-adolescence-predicts-lasting-vulnerability-to-depressi-recduopdc0ozuwifx/","name":"Oral contraceptive use in adolescence predicts lasting vulnerability to  depression in adulthood","headline":"Oral contraceptive use in adolescence predicts lasting vulnerability to  depression in adulthood","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptive-use-in-adolescence-predicts-lasting-vulnerability-to-depressi-recduopdc0ozuwifx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine Anderl","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5035-4921","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Guowei Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8432-7937","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Impact","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05d9dsr70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Frances S Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2322-1095","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Psychology University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2019-08-29","abstract":"Background: Previous evidence suggests that use of oral contraceptives (OCs), especially during adolescence, may increase women's vulnerability to depression in the short term. Here, we investigate whether women who had first used OC in adolescence show an increased prevalence of depression in the long term.\n\nMethods: We examined 1,236 women in the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for whom information on depression and age at first OC use was publicly available. We compared women who reported first use of OCs in adolescence to women who had never used OCs and women who had first used OCs in adulthood on 1-year prevalence of major depressive disorder (MDD) assessed by trained interviewers.\n\nResults: Compared with women who had used OCs during adolescence, women who had never used OCs were less likely to meet the criteria for MDD within the past year in adulthood [odds ratio (OR) = 0.31, 95% CI = 0.16-0.60], and so were women who only started using OCs in adulthood (OR = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.30-0.95). Third factors that have previously been proposed to explain the relationship between OC use and depression risk such as age at sexual debut, and, importantly, current OC use, did not account for the results in propensity score analyses.\n\nConclusions: We show a long-term association between adolescent OC use and depression risk in adulthood regardless of current OC use. Our findings suggest that adolescence may be a sensitive period during which OC use could increase women's risk for depression, years after first exposure.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"61","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines"}}},"pageStart":"148","pageEnd":"156","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13115","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92957020"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/jcpp.13115"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31461541"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92957020"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/big-data-meets-the-menstrual-cycle-rec8puffxcyxgn2oc/","name":"Big data meets the menstrual cycle","headline":"Big data meets the menstrual cycle","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/big-data-meets-the-menstrual-cycle-rec8puffxcyxgn2oc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2019-08-27","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"112","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"464","pageEnd":"465","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.05.035","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92852545"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.05.035"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31446905"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92852545"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/perinatal-palliative-care-acog-committee-opinion-number-786-reclutmdisekwqomw/","name":"Perinatal Palliative Care: ACOG COMMITTEE OPINION, Number 786","headline":"Perinatal Palliative Care: ACOG COMMITTEE OPINION, Number 786","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/perinatal-palliative-care-acog-committee-opinion-number-786-reclutmdisekwqomw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"ACOG","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7450-1543","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen"}}],"datePublished":"2019-08-24","abstract":"Perinatal palliative care refers to a coordinated care strategy that comprises options for obstetric and newborn care that include a focus on maximizing quality of life and comfort for newborns with a variety of conditions considered to be life-limiting in early infancy. With a dual focus on ameliorating suffering and honoring patient values, perinatal palliative care can be provided concurrently with life-prolonging treatment. The focus of this document, however, involves the provision of exclusively palliative care without intent to prolong life in the context of a life-limiting condition, otherwise known as perinatal palliative comfort care. Once a life-limiting diagnosis is suspected antenatally, the tenets of informed consent require that the pregnant patient be given information of sufficient depth and breadth to make an informed, voluntary choice for her care. Health care providers are encouraged to model effective, compassionate communication that respects patient cultural beliefs and values and to promote shared decision making with patients. Perinatal palliative comfort care is one of several options along a spectrum of care, which includes pregnancy termination (abortion) and full neonatal resuscitation and treatment, that should be presented to pregnant patients faced with pregnancies complicated by life-limiting fetal conditions. If a patient opts to pursue perinatal palliative comfort care, a multidisciplinary team should be identified with the infrastructure and support to administer this care. The perinatal palliative care team should prepare families for the possibility that there may be differences of opinion between family members before and after the delivery of the infant, and that there may be differences between parents and the neonatal care providers about appropriate postnatal therapies, especially if the postnatal diagnosis and prognosis differ substantially from antenatal predictions. Procedures for resolving such differences should be discussed with families ahead of time.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"134","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"e84-e89","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0000000000003425","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92812591"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/AOG.0000000000003425"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31441826"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92812591"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reduced-bone-loss-is-associated-with-reduced-mortality-risk-in-subjects-exposed--recr4pzsgtieqrozx/","name":"Reduced Bone Loss Is Associated With Reduced Mortality Risk in Subjects Exposed to Nitrogen Bisphosphonates: A Mediation Analysis","headline":"Reduced Bone Loss Is Associated With Reduced Mortality Risk in Subjects Exposed to Nitrogen Bisphosphonates: A Mediation Analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reduced-bone-loss-is-associated-with-reduced-mortality-risk-in-subjects-exposed--recr4pzsgtieqrozx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudie Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5499-2661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joop P. van den Bergh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3984-2232","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"VieCuri Medisch Centrum","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02kjpb485"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John A Eisman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0323-3366","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Vincent's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/001kjn539"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephanie Kaiser","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher S Kovacs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5219-9993","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John’s, NL, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04haebc03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa Langsetmo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2245-1657","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tuan V Nguyen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0200-0985","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UNSW Sydney","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"CaMOS Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"for the CaMOS Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dana Bliuc","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9682-2313","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Garvan Institute of Medical Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01b3dvp57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Hanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacqueline R Center","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5278-4527","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Faculty of MedicineUniversity of New South WalesSydneyAustralia"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joop van den Bergh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0725-2468","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Internal MedicineVieCuri Medical Centre of Noord-LimburgVenloThe Netherlands"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Piet Geusens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7547-9146","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hasselt University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04nbhqj75"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert G Josse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-6264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thach Tran","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4686-8601","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Garvan Institute of Medical Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01b3dvp57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tineke van Geel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2022-6552","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Family MedicineResearch School Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI)Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jz4aj89"}}],"datePublished":"2019-08-12","abstract":"Bisphosphonates, potent antiresorptive agents, have been found to be associated with mortality reduction. Accelerated bone loss is, in itself, an independent predictor of mortality risk, but the relationship between bisphosphonates, bone loss, and mortality is unknown. This study aimed to determine whether the association between bisphosphonates and mortality is mediated by a reduction in the rate of bone loss. Participants from the population-based Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study were followed prospectively between1996 and 2011. Comorbidities and lifestyle factors were collected at baseline and bone mineral density (BMD) at baseline and at years 3 (for those aged 40 to 60 years), 5, and 10. Rate of bone loss was calculated using linear regression. Information on medication use was obtained yearly. Bisphosphonate users grouped into nitrogen bisphosphonates (nBP; alendronate or risedronate) and etidronate and non-users (NoRx) were matched by propensity score, including all baseline factors as well as time of treatment. Cox's proportional hazards models, unadjusted and adjusted for annual rate of bone loss, were used to determine the association between nBP and etidronate versus NoRx. For the treatment groups with significant mortality risk reduction, the percent of mortality reduction mediated by a reduction in the rate of bone loss was estimated using a causal mediation analysis. There were 271 pairs of nBP and matched NoRx and 327 pairs of etidronate and matched NoRx. nBP but not etidronate use was associated with significant mortality risk reduction (hazard ratios [HR] = 0.61 [95% confidence interval 0.39-0.96] and 1.35 [95% CI 0.86-2.11] for nBP and etidronate, respectively). Rapid bone loss was associated with more than 2-fold increased mortality risk compared with no loss. Mediation analysis indicated that 39% (95% CI 7%-84%) of the nBP association with mortality was related to a reduction in the rate of bone loss. This finding provides an insight into the mechanism of the relationship between nBP and survival benefit in osteoporotic patients.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"34","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"J Bone Miner Res"}}},"pageStart":"2001","pageEnd":"2011","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.3816","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92553707"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/jbmr.3816"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31402509"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92553707"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/worldwide-decline-of-ivf-birth-rates-and-its-probable-causes-kyaowcwt/","name":"Worldwide decline of IVF birth rates and its probable causes","headline":"Worldwide decline of IVF birth rates and its probable causes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/worldwide-decline-of-ivf-birth-rates-and-its-probable-causes-kyaowcwt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Norbert Gleicher","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0202-4167","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Foundation for Reproductive Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hp71e29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kushnir VA","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0637-1166"},{"@type":"Person","name":"David H. Barad","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7980-2369","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05cf8a891"}}],"datePublished":"2019-08-08","abstract":"With steadily improving pregnancy and live birth rates, IVF over approximately  the first two and a half decades evolved into a highly successful treatment for  female and male infertility, reaching peak live birth rates by 2001-2002.  Plateauing rates, thereafter, actually started declining in most regions of the  world. We here report worldwide IVF live birth rates between 2004 and 2016,  defined as live births per fresh IVF/ICSI cycle started, and how the  introduction of certain practice add-ons in timing was associated with changes  in these live birth rates. We also attempted to define how rapid worldwide  'industrialization' (transition from a private practice model to an  investor-driven industry) and 'commoditization' in IVF practice (primary  competitive emphasis on revenue rather than IVF outcomes) affected IVF outcomes.  The data presented here are based on published regional registry data from  governments and/or specialty societies, covering the USA, Canada, the UK,  Australia/New Zealand (combined), Latin America (as a block) and Japan. Changes  in live birth rates were associated with introduction of new IVF practices,  including mild stimulation, elective single embryo transfer (eSET), PGS (now  renamed preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy), all-freeze cycles and  embryo banking. Profound negative associations were observed with mild  stimulation, extended embryo culture to blastocyst and eSET in Japan,  Australia/New Zealand and Canada but to milder degrees also elsewhere. Effects  of 'industrialization' suggested rising utilization of add-ons  ('commoditization'), increased IVF costs, reduced live birth rates and poorer  patient satisfaction. Over the past decade and a half, IVF, therefore, has  increasingly disappointed outcome expectations. Remarkably, neither the  profession nor the public have paid attention to this development which,  therefore, also has gone unexplained. It now urgently calls for evidence-based  explanations.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Hum Reprod Open"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/hropen/hoz017","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92582717"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/hropen/hoz017"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31406934"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92582717"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/maternity-homes-and-social-support-a-cross-sectional-survey-stratifying-outcomes-recorzm0ag8tzhzrx/","name":"Maternity homes and social support: A cross-sectional survey stratifying  outcomes","headline":"Maternity homes and social support: A cross-sectional survey stratifying  outcomes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/maternity-homes-and-social-support-a-cross-sectional-survey-stratifying-outcomes-recorzm0ag8tzhzrx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Cara Buskmiller","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1313-1192","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women’s Health, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cristie Columbus","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5859-4786","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03nxfhe13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jeffrey A Gavard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0526-0314","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}}],"datePublished":"2019-08-07","abstract":"Poor social support is associated with adverse obstetric outcomes. Maternity group homes (MGHs), residential programs for pregnant women, have been found to improve social support in small studies. The present study aimed to verify these previous studies, discover whether there is a group of women whom MGHs most benefit, identify what services offer that benefit, and identify how to predict who will most benefit from MGH admission. Forty-three US MGHs from 14 states were surveyed from August 2015 to February 2017. The primary outcome was self-reported social support before and during MGH admission. The secondary outcome was the perception that MGH admission would help current and future relationships. Among 95 respondents, 54% perceived better in-MGH support compared to pre-MGH support. Women with poor pre-MGH support reported improvement; the converse was true of high pre-MGH support (P < 0.001). A total of 77% to 82% of participants anticipated that MGH admission would help current and future relationships, including 91% to 92% of women with stable or increased in-MGH support (P = 0.07 current, P < 0.01 future). Participants with increased in-MGH support reported more services as helpful (P < 0.05). In summary, MGHs are associated with improved support and relationships for most residents. The support score may identify which women may benefit most from MGH admission.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center)"}}},"pageStart":"348","pageEnd":"354","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/08998280.2019.1588838","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92433611"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/08998280.2019.1588838"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31384185"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92433611"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/abnormal-ovulation-in-women-with-endometriosis-recwg97wo7cus1mjz/","name":"Endometriosis","headline":"Endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/abnormal-ovulation-in-women-with-endometriosis-recwg97wo7cus1mjz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Serdar E Bulun","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0850-8637","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Northwestern University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/000e0be47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"McBean JH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bahar D. Yilmaz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5990-5697","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Northwestern University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/000e0be47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christia Sison","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Northwestern University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/000e0be47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kaoru Miyazaki","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3528-8775","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shimane University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01jaaym28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lia A. Bernardi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Northwestern University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/000e0be47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shimeng Liu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4369-4589","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amanda Kohlmeier","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6171-9057","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ping Yin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8001-221X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Magdy P. Milad","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0942-3133","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Northwestern University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/000e0be47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jian‐Jun Wei","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6928-4185","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Northwestern University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/000e0be47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Blackman J","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4570-681X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J R Brumsted","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Vermont","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0155zta11"}}],"datePublished":"2019-08-01","abstract":"Pelvic endometriosis is a complex syndrome characterized by an estrogen-dependent chronic inflammatory process that affects primarily pelvic tissues, including the ovaries. It is caused when shed endometrial tissue travels retrograde into the lower abdominal cavity. Endometriosis is the most common cause of chronic pelvic pain in women and is associated with infertility. The underlying pathologic mechanisms in the intracavitary endometrium and extrauterine endometriotic tissue involve defectively programmed endometrial mesenchymal progenitor/stem cells. Although endometriotic stromal cells, which compose the bulk of endometriotic lesions, do not carry somatic mutations, they demonstrate specific epigenetic abnormalities that alter expression of key transcription factors. For example, GATA-binding factor-6 overexpression transforms an endometrial stromal cell to an endometriotic phenotype, and steroidogenic factor-1 overexpression causes excessive production of estrogen, which drives inflammation via pathologically high levels of estrogen receptor-β. Progesterone receptor deficiency causes progesterone resistance. Populations of endometrial and endometriotic epithelial cells also harbor multiple cancer driver mutations, such as KRAS, which may be associated with the establishment of pelvic endometriosis or ovarian cancer. It is not known how interactions between epigenomically defective stromal cells and the mutated genes in epithelial cells contribute to the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Endometriosis-associated pelvic pain is managed by suppression of ovulatory menses and estrogen production, cyclooxygenase inhibitors, and surgical removal of pelvic lesions, and in vitro fertilization is frequently used to overcome infertility. Although novel targeted treatments are becoming available, as endometriosis pathophysiology is better understood, preventive approaches such as long-term ovulation suppression may play a critical role in the future.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"40","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Endocrine reviews"}}},"pageStart":"1048","pageEnd":"1079","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/er.2018-00242","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q93153872"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/er.2018-00242"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30994890"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q93153872"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/response-to-letter-to-the-editor-progesterone-is-important-for-transgender-women-reccfzaj3aep40mie/","name":"Response to Letter to the Editor: \"Progesterone Is Important for Transgender Women's Therapy-Applying Evidence for the Benefits of Progesterone in Ciswomen\"","headline":"Response to Letter to the Editor: \"Progesterone Is Important for Transgender Women's Therapy-Applying Evidence for the Benefits of Progesterone in Ciswomen\"","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/response-to-letter-to-the-editor-progesterone-is-important-for-transgender-women-reccfzaj3aep40mie/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2019-08-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"104","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"3129","pageEnd":"3130","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2019-00524","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92297131"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jc.2019-00524"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30860583"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92297131"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/duration-of-hormonal-contraception-and-risk-of-cervical-cancer-recibpszqstrhwm9w/","name":"Duration of Hormonal Contraception and Risk of Cervical Cancer","headline":"Duration of Hormonal Contraception and Risk of Cervical Cancer","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/duration-of-hormonal-contraception-and-risk-of-cervical-cancer-recibpszqstrhwm9w/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yuni Kusmiyati","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1725-909X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ministry Of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02r17me31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Heni Puji Wahyuningsih","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2238-6402","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p8ehb87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hesty Widyasih","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3023-3492","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ministry Of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02r17me31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4625-4861","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Auckland University of Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01zvqw119"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Annisaputri Prasistyami","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ministry Of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02r17me31"}}],"datePublished":"2019-08-01","abstract":"The use of long hormonal contraceptives can disrupt the balance of estrogen in the body, resulting in abnormal cell changes. This study aimed to determine a correlation between the duration of hormonal contraception and risk of cervical cancer. This study used a case-control design. The population were patients who had examined at a cancer installation and obstetrics-gynecology polyclinic Dr. Sardjito Hospital in 2018. Case samples were 95 women have cervical cancer diagnosis and control were 95 women with a negative pap smear. Sampling with random sampling. Dependent variable cervical cancer and independent variable the duration of hormonal contraception are obtained from medical records. Cervical cancer is assessed by doctor’s diagnosis. Data analysis used logistic regression. Results showed that 44.7% of samples used long-term hormonal contraception (over 5 years). Length of use of hormonal contraception had a significant correlation with the incidence of cervical cancer (p-value < 0.01). Hormonal contraceptive use more than 5 years have a risk 4.2 times (95% CI 1.01-5.69) of cervical cancer than using less than 5 years after being controlled with the first marriage age and parity","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Kesmas: National Public Health Journal"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.21109/kesmas.v14i1.2713","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.21109/kesmas.v14i1.2713"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/previous-contraceptive-treatment-relates-to-grey-matter-volumes-in-the-hippocamp-recvaiebhwxnmsa3m/","name":"Previous contraceptive treatment relates to grey matter volumes in the  hippocampus and basal ganglia","headline":"Previous contraceptive treatment relates to grey matter volumes in the  hippocampus and basal ganglia","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/previous-contraceptive-treatment-relates-to-grey-matter-volumes-in-the-hippocamp-recvaiebhwxnmsa3m/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Belinda Pletzer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7277-0923","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Salzburg","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05gs8cd61"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"TiAnni Harris","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9379-6188","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Salzburg","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05gs8cd61"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Esmeralda Hidalgo‐Lopez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8521-8970","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Salzburg","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05gs8cd61"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Esmeralda Hidalgo-Lopez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3561-1149","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Psychology & Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria."}}],"datePublished":"2019-07-31","abstract":"Oral contraceptive (OC) effects on the brain have gained increasing interest, but are highly controversial. Previous studies suggest that OC users have larger hippocampi, parahippocampi, fusiform gyri and Cerebelli. Preliminary evidence from one of those studies even suggests an effect of previous contraceptive use on the hippocampi of women who are not current users of OCs. Furthermore, more recent studies postulate an involvement of previous OC treatment in later development of mood disorders. To address the question whether previous OC treatment affects women's brain structure later in life, high resolution structural images were obtained from 131 naturally cycling women. Among them, 52 women had never used OC before, 52 had previously used one OC for a continuous time period and 27 had previously used multiple contraceptives. The groups did not differ in gray matter volumes. Since endogenous sex hormones modulate gray matter volumes of the hippocampus and basal ganglia along the menstrual cycle, we hypothesize effects of OC use on these areas. Specifically, we hypothesize that a longer duration of previous OC treatment is related to larger hippocampi and larger basal ganglia. Indeed we found the duration of previous OC use to be positively correlated to hippocampal and basal ganglia volumes bilaterally. For the hippocampus, but not for the basal ganglia, this association disappeared after controlling for the time since discontinuation. These results suggest that for the hippocampus, but not for the basal ganglia, effects of previous contraceptive treatment are reversed after a time period comparable to treatment duration. These data question the immediate reversibility of OC effects on brain structure. Accordingly, some changes in the brain due to long-term contraceptive use, while subtle, may be long-lasting.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Scientific Reports"}}},"pageStart":"11003","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-47446-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92266355"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/s41598-019-47446-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31358839"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92266355"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/medical-diligence-uncovers-fallopian-tube-cancer-after-abnormal-pap-test-recdsgsmxwikjs2wq/","name":"Medical diligence uncovers fallopian tube cancer after abnormal Pap test","headline":"Medical diligence uncovers fallopian tube cancer after abnormal Pap test","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/medical-diligence-uncovers-fallopian-tube-cancer-after-abnormal-pap-test-recdsgsmxwikjs2wq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Brittany J. Cline","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cara Buskmiller","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1313-1192","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women’s Health, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Francisco Xynos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8583-4180","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}}],"datePublished":"2019-07-28","abstract":"The fallopian tube has received attention as an origin of high-grade pelvic malignancies. This is a case of bilateral fallopian tube cancer discovered after an abnormal Pap test. A 62-year-old woman with a history of one term delivery had atypical glandular cells on a Pap test. She had an unsatisfactory colposcopy and a normal transvaginal ultrasound. A loop electrode excision procedure and hysteroscopy with dilation and curettage revealed atypical glandular cells concentrated in floating balls. CA-125 was 10 U/mL. A robotic hysterectomy revealed histopathological stage IIIA serous carcinoma arising from both fallopian tubes. She received six cycles of carboplatin and paclitaxel. After chemotherapy, she has no evidence of disease at 5 years. Fallopian tube carcinoma is a differential diagnosis of abnormal glandular cells on a Pap test. Diagnosis by systematic pursuit of abnormal tests can lead to successful treatment of a small disease burden.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ Case Reports"}}},"pageStart":"e229762","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2019-229762","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92184071"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bcr-2019-229762"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31345832"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92184071"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-and-pregnancy-outcomes-following-hysteroscopic-metroplasty-of-differen-reckj3clfbhcb0oop/","name":"Fertility and pregnancy outcomes following hysteroscopic metroplasty of different  sized uterine septa: A retrospective cohort study protocol","headline":"Fertility and pregnancy outcomes following hysteroscopic metroplasty of different  sized uterine septa: A retrospective cohort study protocol","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-and-pregnancy-outcomes-following-hysteroscopic-metroplasty-of-differen-reckj3clfbhcb0oop/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Xi Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9885-356X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Northwestern University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/000e0be47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Haiyan Hou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4488-2258","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chinese People's Armed Police Force","sameAs":"https://ror.org/011gh0524"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qiuliang Yu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6936-4089","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"First Hospital of Jiaxing","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03q5hbn76"}}],"datePublished":"2019-07-28","abstract":"Different sizes of uterine septum between infertile women and patients with abortions may have a clinical relevance in reproductive performance after surgery. This study aimed to assess if the fecundity of women after surgical correction of the uterine septum is associated with septum size.A retrospective, single-center, cohort study was conducted in Peking Union Medical College Hospital using patients aged between 21 and 37 years. Hysteroscopic metroplasty was performed on 121 patients with a uterine septum. The septum size was assessed by ultrasonography and hysteroscopy. The subjects were divided into 3 groups: Group A consisted of 35 women with complete uterine septum (mean ± standard deviation (SD) age 28.29 ± 3.53; group B consisted of 48 women with uterine septum >2.5 cm (mean ± SD age 28.85 ± 3.63); and group C consisted of 48 women with uterine septum ≤2.5 cm (mean ± SD age 28.79 ± 3.74). Age and body mass index (BMI) were not significantly different among the 3 groups.No serious hysteroscopic complications occurred. However, uterine septa were observed in 4 cases after surgery and 6 cases of intrauterine adhesions were observed after long-term follow-up. The abortion rate decreased, and term delivery rate increased significantly in the 3 groups after hysteroscopic metroplasty. The infertility rate was significantly lower in group C after surgery. However, no significant difference was observed in the infertility rate between groups A and B. The recurrent abortion rate was significantly lower in group A than in groups B and C before surgery. After surgery, the infertility rate was significantly higher in group A than in group B (28.57% and 10.53%, respectively; P = .048). After at least 12-months of follow-up, the pregnancy rate in group A was significantly lower than that in group C (71.43% and 89.47%, respectively; P = .048).Uterine septum resection improves obstetrical outcomes. After surgery, the infertility rate was significantly higher in patients with complete uterine septum than in those with a large partial uterine septum, and the pregnancy rate in patients with complete uterine septum was lower than that in the patients with a small partial uterine septum.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"98","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"30","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"e16623","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000016623","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92201026"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/MD.0000000000016623"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31348312"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92201026"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assessment-of-menstrual-health-status-and-evolution-through-mobile-apps-for-fert-rechboi37wmtybqa8/","name":"Assessment of menstrual health status and evolution through mobile apps for  fertility awareness","headline":"Assessment of menstrual health status and evolution through mobile apps for  fertility awareness","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assessment-of-menstrual-health-status-and-evolution-through-mobile-apps-for-fert-rechboi37wmtybqa8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Paula J. Adams Hillard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1796-1532","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marcel Salathé","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5079-7797","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02s376052"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laura Symul","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9286-0590","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02s376052"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Katarzyna Wac","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8060-399X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035b05819"}}],"datePublished":"2019-07-26","abstract":"For most women of reproductive age, assessing menstrual health and fertility typically involves regular visits to a gynecologist or another clinician. While these evaluations provide critical information on an individual's reproductive health status, they typically rely on memory-based self-reports, and the results are rarely, if ever, assessed at the population level. In recent years, mobile apps for menstrual tracking have become very popular, allowing us to evaluate the reliability and tracking frequency of millions of self-observations, thereby providing an unparalleled view, both in detail and scale, on menstrual health and its evolution for large populations. In particular, the primary aim of this study was to describe the tracking behavior of the app users and their overall observation patterns in an effort to understand if they were consistent with previous small-scale medical studies. The secondary aim was to investigate whether their precision allowed the detection and estimation of ovulation timing, which is critical for reproductive and menstrual health. Retrospective self-observation data were acquired from two mobile apps dedicated to the application of the sympto-thermal fertility awareness method, resulting in a dataset of more than 30 million days of observations from over 2.7 million cycles for two hundred thousand users. The analysis of the data showed that up to 40% of the cycles in which users were seeking pregnancy had recordings every single day. With a modeling approach using Hidden Markov Models to describe the collected data and estimate ovulation timing, it was found that follicular phases average duration and range were larger than previously reported, with only 24% of ovulations occurring at cycle days 14 to 15, while the luteal phase duration and range were in line with previous reports, although short luteal phases (10 days or less) were more frequently observed (in up to 20% of cycles). The digital epidemiology approach presented here can help to lead to a better understanding of menstrual health and its connection to women's health overall, which has historically been severely understudied.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"NPJ Digital Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"64","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-019-0139-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92158948"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/s41746-019-0139-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31341953"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92158948"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-association-between-hormones-and-antipsychotic-use-a-focus-on-postpartum-and-reczhggerwogadkfr/","name":"The association between hormones and antipsychotic use: a focus on postpartum and  menopausal women","headline":"The association between hormones and antipsychotic use: a focus on postpartum and  menopausal women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-association-between-hormones-and-antipsychotic-use-a-focus-on-postpartum-and-reczhggerwogadkfr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandre González-Rodríguez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4326-5036","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental","sameAs":"https://ror.org/009byq155"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary V Seeman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6797-3382","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}}],"datePublished":"2019-07-20","abstract":"During the postpartum and menopausal periods of women's lives, there is a well-established and significant drop of circulating estrogens. This may be the reason why both these periods are associated with an increased risk for onset or exacerbation of psychiatric disorders. Whether symptoms are mainly affective or mainly psychotic, these disorders are frequently treated with antipsychotic medications, which calls for an examination of the relationship between hormone replacement and antipsychotic agents at these time periods. The aim of this narrative review is to summarize what is known about the association of hormones and antipsychotics in the postnatal period and at menopause. In the review, we focus on estrogen and oxytocin hormones and include, for the most part, only papers published within the last 10 years. Both estradiol and oxytocin have at various times been implicated in the etiology of postpartum disorders, and estrogens, sometimes combined with progesterone, have been tested as potential treatments for these conditions. The role of estradiol as an adjunct to antipsychotics in the prevention of postpartum relapses is currently controversial. With respect to oxytocin, studies are lacking. Psychosis in menopausal and postmenopausal women has been successfully treated with estrogens and selective estrogen-receptor modulators, mainly raloxifene, in addition to antipsychotics. Some symptoms appear to respond better than others. No oxytocin study has specifically targeted postmenopausal women. Because of feedback mechanisms, there is a theoretical danger of therapy with exogenous hormones interfering with endogenous secretion and disturbing the balance among inter-related hormones. When used with antipsychotics, hormones may also affect the metabolism and, hence, the brain level of specific antipsychotics. This makes treatment with antipsychotics plus hormones complicated. Dose, timing and route of intervention may all prove critical to efficacy. While much remains unknown, this literature review indicates that, within standard dose ranges, the combination of hormones and antipsychotics for postnatal and menopausal women suffering severe mental distress can be beneficial, and is safe.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology"}},"pageStart":"2045125319859973","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/2045125319859973","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92005813"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/2045125319859973"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31321026"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92005813"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/maternal-selenium-copper-and-zinc-concentrations-in-early-pregnancy-and-the-asso-xe4efdu8/","name":"Maternal Selenium, Copper and Zinc Concentrations in Early Pregnancy, and the Association with Fertility","headline":"Maternal Selenium, Copper and Zinc Concentrations in Early Pregnancy, and the Association with Fertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/maternal-selenium-copper-and-zinc-concentrations-in-early-pregnancy-and-the-asso-xe4efdu8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Grieger JA","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1515-948X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Grzeskowiak LE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wilson RL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bianco-Miotto T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leemaqz SY"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jankovic-Karasoulos T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Perkins AV"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert J Norman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5333-6451","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen Elizabeth Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x362k69"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G A Dekker"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roberts CT"}],"datePublished":"2019-07-16","abstract":"Trace elements such as zinc, copper, and selenium are essential for reproductive health, but there is limited work examining how circulating trace elements may associate with fertility in humans. The aim of this study was to determine the association between maternal plasma concentrations of zinc, copper, and selenium, and time to pregnancy and subfertility. Australian women (n = 1060) who participated in the multi-centre prospective Screening for Pregnancy Endpoints study were included. Maternal plasma concentrations of copper, zinc and selenium were assessed at 15 ± 1 weeks' gestation. Estimates of retrospectively reported time to pregnancy were documented as number of months to conceive; subfertility was defined as taking more than 12 months to conceive. A range of maternal and paternal adjustments were included. Women who had lower zinc (time ratio, 1.20 (0.99-1.44)) or who had lower selenium concentrations (1.19 (1.01-1.40)) had a longer time to pregnancy, equivalent to a median difference in time to pregnancy of around 0.6 months. Women with low selenium concentrations were also at a 1.46 (1.06-2.03) greater relative risk for subfertility compared to women with higher selenium concentrations. There were no associations between copper and time to pregnancy or subfertility. Lower selenium and zinc trace element concentrations, which likely reflect lower dietary intakes, associate with a longer time to pregnancy. Further research supporting our work is required, which may inform recommendations to increase maternal trace element intake in women planning a pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nutrients"}}},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11071609","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91961677"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/nu11071609"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31315178"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91961677"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/screening-of-textile-finishing-agents-available-on-the-chinese-market-an-importa-f7igqm0i/","name":"Screening of textile finishing agents available on the Chinese market: An important source of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances to the environment","headline":"Screening of textile finishing agents available on the Chinese market: An important source of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances to the environment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/screening-of-textile-finishing-agents-available-on-the-chinese-market-an-importa-f7igqm0i/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mumtaz M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bao Y"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wenjuan Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4188-4466","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ckt8b96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kong L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jingxuan Huang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3053-8384","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Queensland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00rqy9422"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ge Yu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5436-1301","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harbin Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05jscf583"}}],"datePublished":"2019-07-14","abstract":"Organofluorinated surfactants are widely employed in textile finishing agents (TFAs) to achieve oil, water, and stain repellency. This has been regarded as an important emission source of per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) to the environment. China is the biggest manufacturer of clothes, and thus TFA production is also a relevant industrial activity. Nevertheless, to date, no survey has been conducted on PFAS contents in commercially available TFAs. In the present study, TFA products were investigated by the Kendrick mass defect method. The quantification results demonstrated a significant presence of perfluorooctane sulfonate (0.37 mg/L) in TFAs manufactured by electrochemical fluorination technology. The products obtained by short-chain PFAS-based telomerization were dominated by perfluorooctanoic acid (mean concentration: 0.29 mg/L), whose values exceeded the limits stated in the European Chemical Agency guidelines (0.025 mg/L). Moreover, the total oxidizable precursor assay indicated high levels of indirectly quantified precursors with long alkyl chains (C7-C9). Together, these results suggest that there is currently a certain of environmental and health risks in China that originates from the utilization of TFAs, and a better manufacturing processes are required to reduce such risks.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers of Environmental Science &amp; Engineering"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-019-1145-0","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s11783-019-1145-0"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-awareness-based-methods-for-pregnancy-prevention-recpvgvb8qxykvlzv/","name":"Fertility awareness based methods for pregnancy prevention","headline":"Fertility awareness based methods for pregnancy prevention","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-awareness-based-methods-for-pregnancy-prevention-recpvgvb8qxykvlzv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rachel Peragallo Urrutia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1398-5123","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chelsea B Polis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1031-7074","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guttmacher Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01yrmk064"}}],"datePublished":"2019-07-13","abstract":"### What you need to know Fertility awareness based methods of contraception are increasingly being used for pregnancy prevention.1 In the US, the proportion of contraceptive users who choose such methods has grown from 1% in 2008 to approximately 3% in 2014.12 Relative to other methods of pregnancy prevention, however, substantial misinformation exists around fertility awareness based methods of contraception, particularly about the effectiveness of specific methods and how to use them. Providers who offer family planning counselling can promote correct and consistent use of the chosen method by helping people find a method that best fits their individual lifestyle, preferences, and goals.3 This article aims to help clinicians counsel people about fertility awareness based methods for pregnancy prevention by explaining the different methods, the evidence base for their effectiveness, and practical considerations for use. Fertility awareness based methods are devised on the premise that sexual intercourse can only lead to pregnancy during approximately 6-9 days of the menstrual cycle, commonly referred to as the “fertile window” (or fecund window, box 1).5 …","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"366","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.)"}},"pageStart":"l4245","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l4245","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91807128"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj.l4245"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31296535"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91807128"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/could-exotic-mosquito-borne-diseases-emerge-in-canada-with-climate-change-recodu7ca14e42wjl/","name":"Could exotic mosquito-borne diseases emerge in Canada with climate change?","headline":"Could exotic mosquito-borne diseases emerge in Canada with climate change?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/could-exotic-mosquito-borne-diseases-emerge-in-canada-with-climate-change-recodu7ca14e42wjl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"V Ng","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7619-541X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Public Health Agency of Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/023xf2a37"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Rees","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1886-008X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Liverpool","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"RL Lindsay","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cegep de Saint Hyacinthe","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03k6zcv51"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"MA Drebot","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cegep de Saint Hyacinthe","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03k6zcv51"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Sadeghieh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1531-5756","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Guelph","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r7awg59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S U Khan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5928-9257","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Public Health Agency of Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/023xf2a37"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sumaiya Khan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4464-0064","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Silesian University of Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02dyjk442"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Brownstone","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Public Health Agency of Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/023xf2a37"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L R Lindsay","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, ON, St. Hyacinthe, QC and Winnipeg, MB."}}],"datePublished":"2019-07-10","abstract":"Of the 3,500 species of mosquitoes worldwide, only a small portion carry and transmit the mosquito-borne diseases (MBDs) that cause approximately half a million deaths annually worldwide. The most common exotic MBDs, such as malaria and dengue, are not currently established in Canada, in part because of our relatively harsh climate; however, this situation could evolve with climate change. Mosquitoes native to Canada may become infected with new pathogens and move into new regions within Canada. In addition, new mosquito species may move into Canada from other countries, and these exotic species may bring exotic MBDs as well. With high levels of international travel, including to locations with exotic MBDs, there will be more travel-acquired cases of MBDs. With climate change, there is the potential for exotic mosquito populations to become established in Canada. There is already a small area of Canada where exotic Aedes mosquitoes have become established although, to date, there is no evidence that these carry any exotic (or already endemic) MBDs. The increased risks of spreading MBDs, or introducing exotic MBDs, will need a careful clinical and public health response. Clinicians will need to maintain a high level of awareness of current trends, to promote mosquito bite prevention strategies, and to know the laboratory tests needed for early detection and when to report laboratory results to public health. Public health efforts will need to focus on ongoing active surveillance, public and professional awareness and mosquito control. Canadians need to be aware of the risks of acquiring exotic MBDs while travelling abroad as well as the risk that they could serve as a potential route of introduction for exotic MBDs into Canada when they return home.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"45","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Canada Communicable Disease Report = Releve Des Maladies Transmissibles Au Canada"}}},"pageStart":"98","pageEnd":"107","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.14745/ccdr.v45i04a04","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66680687"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.14745/ccdr.v45i04a04"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31285699"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q66680687"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-case-series-on-natural-conceptions-resulting-in-ongoing-pregnancies-in-menopau-rec950crhxyhm7y1t/","name":"A Case Series on Natural Conceptions Resulting in Ongoing Pregnancies in  Menopausal and Prematurely Menopausal Women Following Platelet-Rich Plasma  Treatment","headline":"A Case Series on Natural Conceptions Resulting in Ongoing Pregnancies in  Menopausal and Prematurely Menopausal Women Following Platelet-Rich Plasma  Treatment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-case-series-on-natural-conceptions-resulting-in-ongoing-pregnancies-in-menopau-rec950crhxyhm7y1t/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Konstantinos Pantos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8711-7911","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Human Reproduction, Genesis Athens Clinic, 14-16, Papanikoli, 15232 Athens, Greece"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mara Simopoulou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1000-9100","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gnjpq42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Rapani","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7636-5848","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gnjpq42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Petroula Tsioulou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3535-8227","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National and Kapodistrian University of Athens","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gnjpq42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Athanasios Pappas","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5393-1640","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Human Reproduction, Genesis Athens Clinic, Greece."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael Koutsilieris","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3340-9916","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National and Kapodistrian University of Athens","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gnjpq42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Konstantinos Sfakianoudis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7939-5903","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Human Reproduction, Genesis Athens Clinic, 14-16, Papanikoli, 15232 Athens, Greece"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nikolaos Nitsos","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Microbiology-Biochemical Department, Genesis Athens Clinic, Greece"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Agni Pantou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3224-5646","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Human Reproduction, Genesis Athens Clinic, Greece"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephen Syrkos","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Human Reproduction, Genesis Athens Clinic, Greece"}}],"datePublished":"2019-07-05","abstract":"Since the introduction of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in medical practice, various studies have documented that implementing PRP can enhance healing and the anti-aging process, employing angiogenesis regeneration due to the multiple growth factors and cytokines involved. Numerous reports have shown promising results with the use of PRP in ovarian treatment, regarding ovarian regeneration and reactivation of folliculogenesis. This case series reports on two women with premature ovarian failure (POF) aged 40 and 27 years, respectively, and one menopausal woman aged 46 years. All patients presented with lack of menstrual cycle for over a year. The women reported previous failed in vitro fertilization (IVF) attempts, and, after rejecting the option of oocyte donation, they opted for the approach of autologous ovarian PRP treatment. Following PRP treatment, the three patients were invited to conceive naturally. The primary outcome was the restoration of menstruation following autologous ovarian PRP treatment, as well as an improvement in hormonal profile, a decrease in follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels, and a concurrent increase in anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels. Further to that, our patients achieved pregnancy through natural conception within 2-6 months following PRP treatment, resulting in currently ongoing complication-free clinical pregnancies - a first report in the literature for menopausal and POF patients. Implementation of PRP should be further investigated through randomized controlled trials (RCTs), as it may hold the key to successful treatment for a certain cohort of patients exploring reproductive treatment options following menopause.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"28","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9-10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cell Transplantation"}}},"pageStart":"1333","pageEnd":"1340","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/0963689719859539","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91600462"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/0963689719859539"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31271054"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91600462"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pilot-evaluation-of-a-new-urine-progesterone-test-to-confirm-ovulation-in-women-using-a-fertility-monitor-recnwjbqfjskifkjn/","name":"Pilot Evaluation of a New Urine Progesterone Test to Confirm Ovulation in Women Using a Fertility Monitor","headline":"Pilot Evaluation of a New Urine Progesterone Test to Confirm Ovulation in Women Using a Fertility Monitor","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pilot-evaluation-of-a-new-urine-progesterone-test-to-confirm-ovulation-in-women-using-a-fertility-monitor-recnwjbqfjskifkjn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Schneider","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8090-4971","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas P Bouchard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5774-0286","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Calgary","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39"}}],"datePublished":"2019-07-02","abstract":"Background: Progesterone rises \\~24-36 h after ovulation. Past studies using ultrasound-confirmed ovulation have shown that three consecutive tests with a threshold of 5μg/mL of urine progesterone (pregnanediol-3-glucuronide, PDG), taken after the luteinizing hormone (LH) surge, confirmed ovulation with 100% specificity.\n\nPurpose: The purpose of this study was to a evaluate a new urine PDG self-test to retrospectively confirm ovulation in women who were monitoring ovulation using a hormonal fertility monitor.\n\nMethods: Thirteen women of reproductive age were recruited to test urine PDG while using their home hormonal fertility monitor. The monitor measured the rise in estrogen (estrone-3-glucuronide, E3G) and LH to estimate the fertile phase of the menstrual cycle. The women used an online menstrual cycle charting system to track E3G, LH and PDG levels for four menstrual cycles.\n\nResults: The participants (Mean age 33.6) produced 34 menstrual cycles of data (Mean length 28.4 days), 17 of which used a PDG test with a threshold of 7μg/mL and 17 with a threshold of 5μg/mL. In the cycles that used the 7μg/mL test strips, 59% had a positive confirmation of ovulation, and with the 5μg/mL test strips, 82% of them had a positive confirmation of ovulation.\n\nConclusion: The 5μg/mL PDG test confirmed ovulation in 82% of cycles and could assist women in the evaluation of the luteal progesterone rise of their menstrual cycle.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in public health"}},"pageStart":"184","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2019.00184","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91942547"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fpubh.2019.00184"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31312631"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91942547"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/female-obesity-is-negatively-associated-with-live-birth-rate-following-ivf-a-sys-bcnhlawi/","name":"Female obesity is negatively associated with live birth rate following IVF: a systematic review and meta-analysis","headline":"Female obesity is negatively associated with live birth rate following IVF: a systematic review and meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/female-obesity-is-negatively-associated-with-live-birth-rate-following-ivf-a-sys-bcnhlawi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sermondade N","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7044-6935"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephanie Huberlant","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4349-6168","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0275ye937"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bourhis-Lefebvre V"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arbo E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gallot V"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Colombani M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fréour T"}],"datePublished":"2019-07-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: A worldwide increase in the prevalence of obesity has been observed in the past three decades, particularly in women of reproductive age. Female obesity has been clearly associated with impaired spontaneous fertility, as well as adverse pregnancy outcomes. Increasing evidence in the literature shows that obesity also contributes to adverse clinical outcomes following in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedures. However, the heterogeneity of the available studies in terms of populations, group definition and outcomes prevents drawing firm conclusions. A previous meta-analysis published in 2011 identified a marginal but significant negative effect of increased female body mass index (BMI) on IVF results, but numerous studies have been published since then, including large cohort studies from national registries, highlighting the need for an updated review and meta-analysis.\n\nOBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE: Our systematic review and meta-analysis of the available literature aims to evaluate the association of female obesity with the probability of live birth following IVF. Subgroup analyses according to ovulatory status, oocyte origin, fresh or frozen-embryo transfer and cycle rank were performed.\n\nSEARCH METHODS: A systematic review was performed using the following key words: ('obesity', 'body mass index', 'live birth', 'IVF', 'ICSI'). Searches were conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Eudract and clinicaltrial.gov from 01 January 2007 to 30 November 2017. Study selection was based on title and abstract. Full texts of potentially relevant articles were retrieved and assessed for inclusion by two reviewers. Subsequently, quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scales for patient selection, comparability and assessment of outcomes. Two independent reviewers carried out study selection and data extraction according to Cochrane methods. Random-effect meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager software on all data (overall analysis), followed by subgroup analyses.\n\nOUTCOMES: A total of 21 studies were included in the meta-analysis. A decreased probability of live birth following IVF was observed in obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) women when compared with normal weight (BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m2) women: risk ratio (RR) (95% CI) 0.85 (0.82-0.87). Subgroups analyses demonstrated that prognosis was poorer when obesity was associated with polycystic ovary syndrome, while the oocyte origin (donor or non-donor) did not modify the overall interpretation.\n\nWIDER IMPLICATIONS: Our meta-analysis clearly demonstrates that female obesity negatively and significantly impacts live birth rates following IVF. Whether weight loss can reverse this deleterious effect through lifestyle modifications or bariatric surgery should be further evaluated.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"25","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction update"}}},"pageStart":"439","pageEnd":"451","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmz011","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humupd/dmz011"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30941397"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relationship-of-maximum-follicular-size-age-of-woman-and-reproductive-implicatio-recj5j9denezi6zsz/","name":"Relationship of maximum follicular size, age of woman, and reproductive implications in women attending fertility clinic in St. Margaret's Hospital, Lokoja, using Creighton Model FertilityCare™ System and NaProTECHNOLOGY","headline":"Relationship of maximum follicular size, age of woman, and reproductive implications in women attending fertility clinic in St. Margaret's Hospital, Lokoja, using Creighton Model FertilityCare™ System and NaProTECHNOLOGY","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relationship-of-maximum-follicular-size-age-of-woman-and-reproductive-implicatio-recj5j9denezi6zsz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"FrancisUdoka Achebe","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Federal University Lokoja","sameAs":"https://ror.org/018ced875"}}],"datePublished":"2019-07-01","abstract":"Background: Some authorities have found that, when the mean follicular diameter is >25 mm, the follicle is considered large, and these authorities are convinced that large follicles are biomarkers to ovarian pathology. Several studies have been carried out to determine the optimal maximum follicular size (MFS) that will be adequate before the use of human chorionic gonadotropin trigger to induce ovulation. None of these studies have considered the woman's age as a factor. An in vitro fertilization-based study has also shown that large leading follicles did not result in higher percentage of matured oocytes, and they even result in a lower live birth rate; however, we note that the ages of the women were not specifically mentioned in connection with the problems of large follicle. Subjects and\n\nMethods: We set out in this study to evaluate the relationship between the MFS and the woman's age both in our control group (fertile women) Group (A) and in the women attending fertility clinic Group (B). Using the Creighton Model Fertility Care System and NaProTECHNOLOGY, it was possible to determine when to start follicular tracking and also determine ultrasound diagnosis of ovulation by recording the MFS and the reduced size.\n\nResults: In both Group A and Group B, we discovered that the MFS reduces as woman's age increases. We also discovered that the average MFS in the Group B was higher for age compared with the Group A (P = 0.0043). There was also an association between these bigger follicles for age and low mid-luteal progesterone. This is probably the first study that describes the association of follicular size and woman's age and its possible link with ovulation defects. Recommendation: We have proposed that this phenomenon of large matured maximum follicle for age could be a contributory factor to infertility and miscarriages. We propose further studies to verify this hypothesis.\n\nConclusion: Despite the high percentage of complete rupturing of follicles in the AB cycles in the Group (B) there are very high proportion having low mid luteal (P+7) Progesterone. This may be due to pathologies associated with big follicles for woman's age. The E2/Pg ratio study in luteal phase strongly suggested that the women in Group (B) that may have fertility challenge are those in subgroup of AB in Group (B). Therefore matured follicular size should be considered with the woman's age. If the follicles grows bigger away from the range for a woman's age it may be the marker for infertility or reproductive health challenges.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Nigerian Journal of General Practice"}}},"pageStart":"51","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njgp.njgp_9_18","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4103/njgp.njgp_9_18"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-current-state-of-science-in-natural-family-planning-reczogfnbzmfcujye/","name":"The Current State of Science in Natural Family Planning","headline":"The Current State of Science in Natural Family Planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-current-state-of-science-in-natural-family-planning-reczogfnbzmfcujye/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2019-06-28","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Humanae Vitae, 50 Years Later"},"pageStart":"170","pageEnd":"182","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvkjb333.15","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2307/j.ctvkjb333.15"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/thyroxine-replacement-for-subfertile-women-with-euthyroid-autoimmune-thyroid-dis-recibmgwj63qmhtxs/","name":"Thyroxine replacement for subfertile women with euthyroid autoimmune thyroid disease or subclinical hypothyroidism","headline":"Thyroxine replacement for subfertile women with euthyroid autoimmune thyroid disease or subclinical hypothyroidism","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/thyroxine-replacement-for-subfertile-women-with-euthyroid-autoimmune-thyroid-dis-recibmgwj63qmhtxs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rina Agrawal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3214-7264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital Coventry","sameAs":"https://ror.org/025821s54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacques Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8155-677X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of MedicineLaval UniversityQuebec CityQCCanada"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yasmin Sajjad","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5235-5458","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"IVF Department. Burjeel hospital. Abu Dhabi. UAE; Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine; Najda Street Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laurentiu Craciunas","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7952-0647","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03angcq70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Ahsan Akhtar","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Mary's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05x8xdg58"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1406-4251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}}],"datePublished":"2019-06-27","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Thyroid disease is the second most common endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age. Subclinical hypothyroidism is diagnosed by an elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone concentration with a normal concentration of free thyroxine hormone. Autoimmune thyroid disease (ATD) is diagnosed by the presence of thyroid autoantibodies, regardless of thyroid hormone levels. Thyroxine may be a useful treatment for subfertile women with these two specific types of thyroid disease for improving pregnancy outcomes during assisted reproduction.\n\nOBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy and harms of levothyroxine replacement in subfertile women with subclinical hypothyroidism or with normal thyroid function and thyroid autoimmunity (euthyroid autoimmune thyroid disease, or euthyroid ATD) undergoing assisted reproduction.\n\nSEARCH\n\nMETHODS: We searched the Cochrane Gynaecology and Fertility (CGF) Group specialised register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL and two trials registers together with reference checking and contact with study authors and experts in the field to identify studies. We searched for all published and unpublished randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing thyroxine with no treatment or placebo, without language restrictions, from inception to 8 April 2019, and in consultation with the Cochrane CGF Information Specialist. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included women undergoing assisted reproduction treatment, meaning both in vitro fertilisation and intracytoplasmic sperm injection, with a history of subfertility and with subclinical hypothyroidism or with euthyroid ATD. We excluded women with a previously known clinical hypothyroidism or already taking thyroxine or tri-iodothyronine. RCTs compared thyroxine (levothyroxine) with either placebo or no treatment. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We used standard methodological procedures expected by Cochrane. Our primary review outcomes were live birth and adverse events of thyroxine; our secondary outcomes were clinical pregnancy, multiple pregnancy and miscarriage.\n\nMAIN RESULTS: The review included four studies with 820 women. The included studies were of overall low risk of bias. Using GRADE methodology, we assessed the quality of evidence for the primary outcomes of this review to be very low- to low-quality evidence. Evidence was downgraded for imprecision as it was based on single, small trials with wide confidence intervals (CI). We were able to include data from three of the four included studies.In one study of women with both subclinical hypothyroidism and positive or negative anti-TPO antibodies (autoimmune disease), the evidence suggested that thyroxine replacement may have improved live birth rate (RR 2.13, 95% CI 1.07 to 4.21; 1 RCT, n = 64; low-quality evidence) and it may have led to similar miscarriage rates (RR 0.11, 95% CI 0.01 to 1.98; 1 RCT, n = 64; low-quality evidence). The evidence suggested that women with both subclinical hypothyroidism and positive or negative anti-TPO antibodies would have a 25% chance of a live birth with placebo or no treatment, and that the chance of a live birth in these women using thyroxine would be between 27% and 100%.In women with normal thyroid function and thyroid autoimmunity (euthyroid ATD), treatment with thyroxine replacement compared with placebo or no treatment may have led to similar live birth rates (risk ratio (RR) 1.04, 95% CI 0.83 to 1.29; 2 RCTs, number of participants (n) = 686; I(2) = 46%; low-quality evidence) and miscarriage rates (RR 0.83, 95% CI 0.47 to 1.46, 2 RCTs, n = 686, I(2) = 0%; low-quality evidence). The evidence suggested that women with normal thyroid function and thyroid autoimmunity would have a 31% chance of a live birth with placebo or no treatment, and that the chance of a live birth in these women using thyroxine would be between 26% and 40%.Adverse events were rarely reported. One RCT reported 0/32 in the thyroxine replacement group and 1/32 preterm births in the control group in women diagnosed with subclinical hypothyroidism and positive or negative anti-TPO antibodies. One RCT reported 21/300 preterm births in the thyroxine replacement group and 19/300 preterm births in the control group in women diagnosed with positive anti-TPO antibodies. None of the RCTs reported on other maternal pregnancy complications, foetal complications or adverse effects of thyroxine. AUTHORS'\n\nCONCLUSIONS: We could draw no clear conclusions in this systematic review due to the very low to low quality of the evidence reported.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"}}},"pageStart":"CD011009","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD011009.pub2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q93006973"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/14651858.CD011009.pub2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31236916"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q93006973"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/short--and-long-term-effect-of-contraceptive-methods-on-fecundity-receno8sbnikdvtpu/","name":"Short- and long-term effect of contraceptive methods on fecundity","headline":"Short- and long-term effect of contraceptive methods on fecundity","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/short--and-long-term-effect-of-contraceptive-methods-on-fecundity-receno8sbnikdvtpu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Berglund Scherwitzl E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Olof Lundberg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1439-5151","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"a NaturalCycles Nordic AB , Stockholm , Sweden."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kopp Kallner H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Simon P Rowland","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5842-3872","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Natural Cycles USA Corp, New York, New York, USA.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056hm0802"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"James Trussell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1417-7849","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Princeton University; Office of Population research; Wallaca Hall Princeton New Jersey USA NJ 08544","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hx57361"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gemzell Danielsson K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kristina Gemzell‐Danielsson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6516-1444","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Karolinska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00m8d6786"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elina Berglund Scherwitzl","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Natural Cycles Nordic AB, Stockholm, Sweden","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056hm0802"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kristina Gemzell-Danielsson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jan Holte","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3801-534X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Science for Life Laboratory","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04ev03g22"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Helena Kopp Kallner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7184-9165","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Karolinska Institutet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056d84691"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Raoul Scherwitzl","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Natural Cycles Nordic AB, Stockholm, Sweden","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056hm0802"}}],"datePublished":"2019-06-22","abstract":"Objective: The aim of the study was to compare the effect of previously used contraceptive methods on women's shortand long-term fecundity. Use of hormonal contraception (HC) was compared with the use of a contraceptive mobile application (app).\n\nMethods: This real-life prospective observational study comprised 2874 women who were attempting to become pregnant using the Natural Cycles mobile app to monitor their fertility. The women registered to use the app between August 2014 and June 2016 with the intention of planning a pregnancy and had previously either used the same app to prevent pregnancy or had recently discontinued HC use. We calculated the average time to pregnancy (TTP) for all women who became pregnant during the study and performed Kaplan-Meier life-table analysis to examine the cumulative probabilities of pregnancy for all women in the study.\n\nResults: The average TTP was 2.3 (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.1, 2.4) and 3.7 (95% CI 3.4, 3.9) cycles for women who had previously used Natural Cycles and HC, respectively. The time to reach 30% pregnancy probability for women previously on HC was 1.6 (95% CI 1.5, 1.8) times longer than for women previously using Natural Cycles. There was no significant difference in the 13 cycle cumulated pregnancy probability between the two groups.\n\nConclusion: The results show that fertility awareness-based methods of contraception increase short-term pregnancy rates relative to HC, but have no effect on long-term pregnancy rates.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care : the Official  Journal of the European Society of Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"260","pageEnd":"265","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/13625187.2019.1621999","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92926639"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/13625187.2019.1621999"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31223036"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92926639"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dietary-carbohydrate-restriction-improves-metabolic-syndrome-independent-of-weig-recpri3ibdx4qe50q/","name":"Dietary carbohydrate restriction improves metabolic syndrome independent of  weight loss","headline":"Dietary carbohydrate restriction improves metabolic syndrome independent of  weight loss","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dietary-carbohydrate-restriction-improves-metabolic-syndrome-independent-of-weig-recpri3ibdx4qe50q/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Parker N Hyde","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1115-9562","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Ohio State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher D Crabtree","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7284-3048","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Ohio State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard A LaFountain","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6292-196X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Ohio State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alex Buga","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8509-4330","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Ohio State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fionn T McSwiney","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5007-162X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Waterford Institute of Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ypxwh20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ryan Dickerson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8916-4586","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Ohio State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vincent Miller","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5156-076X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Ohio State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Orlando P Simonetti","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8994-0095","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sutter Davis Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qr8sv28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephen D Phinney","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3322-3978","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Virta Health, San Francisco, California, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"William J Kraemer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6907-0264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Ohio State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ronald M Krauss","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1238-3489","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Atherosclerosis Research, Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, California, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jeff S Volek","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8702-0351","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Ohio State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Madison L Bowling","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Ohio State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brandon Fell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8059-0359","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Ohio State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarah A King","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Atherosclerosis Research, Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, California, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Teryn N Sapper","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Ohio State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Debbie Scandling","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sutter Davis Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qr8sv28"}}],"datePublished":"2019-06-21","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is highly correlated with obesity and cardiovascular risk, but the importance of dietary carbohydrate independent of weight loss in MetS treatment remains controversial. Here, we test the theory that dietary carbohydrate intolerance (i.e., the inability to process carbohydrate in a healthy manner) rather than obesity per se is a fundamental feature of MetS.\n\nMETHODS: Individuals who were obese with a diagnosis of MetS were fed three 4-week weight-maintenance diets that were low, moderate, and high in carbohydrate. Protein was constant and fat was exchanged isocalorically for carbohydrate across all diets.\n\nRESULTS: Despite maintaining body mass, low-carbohydrate (LC) intake enhanced fat oxidation and was more effective in reversing MetS, especially high triglycerides, low HDL-C, and the small LDL subclass phenotype. Carbohydrate restriction also improved abnormal fatty acid composition, an emerging MetS feature. Despite containing 2.5 times more saturated fat than the high-carbohydrate diet, an LC diet decreased plasma total saturated fat and palmitoleate and increased arachidonate.\n\nCONCLUSION: Consistent with the perspective that MetS is a pathologic state that manifests as dietary carbohydrate intolerance, these results show that compared with eucaloric high-carbohydrate intake, LC/high-fat diets benefit MetS independent of whole-body or fat mass.\n\nTRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02918422.\n\nFUNDING: Dairy Management Inc. and the Dutch Dairy Association.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JCI Insight"}}},"pageStart":"128308","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.128308","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92884427"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1172/jci.insight.128308"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31217353"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92884427"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adolescent-combined-hormonal-contraceptives-and-surgical-repair-of-anterior-cruc-rect5ohxoirozcg18/","name":"Adolescent combined hormonal contraceptives and surgical repair of anterior cruciate tears: a risky recommendation based on an unproven causal relationship","headline":"Adolescent combined hormonal contraceptives and surgical repair of anterior cruciate tears: a risky recommendation based on an unproven causal relationship","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adolescent-combined-hormonal-contraceptives-and-surgical-repair-of-anterior-cruc-rect5ohxoirozcg18/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jackie L Whittaker","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6591-4976","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alberta","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alex W. Scott","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2019-06-17","abstract":"A recent cross-sectional national USA registry of surgery to repair anterior cruciate ligament tears found that fewer adolescent women who reported using combined hormonal contraceptives (CHC) had the surgery. They reviewed a complex literature on ovarian steroidal relationships with connective tissues biology, physiology and clinical issues. They concluded, based on their data and that evidence shows the greatest gender imbalance for women's ACL injury during adolescence, that all adolescent athletic women should be treated with CHC to prevent ACL injury. We caution that this admonition is using association to imply causation, implies we understand the ovarian hormonal relationships with connective tissues while that remains unclear, the directive to use CHC in adolescent ignores the recent meta-analytic evidence that its use is associated with failure to achieve peak bone mass and that these authors have used erroneous inferential reasoning and ignored the other variables besides sex and age related to ACL injury and the convincing evidence that training strategies can prevent tears.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"47","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Phys Sportsmed"}}},"pageStart":"240","pageEnd":"241","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/00913847.2019.1629739","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92787460"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/00913847.2019.1629739"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31204881"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92787460"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cancer-risk-among-children-conceived-by-fertility-treatment-z8bp5p6d/","name":"Cancer risk among children conceived by fertility treatment","headline":"Cancer risk among children conceived by fertility treatment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cancer-risk-among-children-conceived-by-fertility-treatment-z8bp5p6d/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Tian-Li Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7082-449X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mahindra and Mahindra Limited (India)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01c5dd102"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lihui Chen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04kx2sy84"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yang T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Liang Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1461-0438"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Limin Zhao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5279-7048","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Queensland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00rqy9422"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Suqun Zhang","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010826a91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ye Z"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhiqun Zheng","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2309-7162","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Union Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/055gkcy74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qin J"}],"datePublished":"2019-06-15","abstract":"Prior studies on the association between fertility treatment and childhood cancer risk have generated inconsistent results. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of observation studies to summarize the evidence regarding the relation of fertility treatment with childhood cancer risk. A systematic literature search of several databases was conducted through April 2018 to identify relevant studies. The outcomes of interest included overall cancer, haematological malignancies, neural tumours, other solid tumours, and eight specific cancers. The overall risk estimates and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis. Sixteen cohort and thirteen case-control studies were included. Results showed that children conceived by fertility treatment had significantly higher risk for developing overall cancer (relative risk [RR]: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.32), haematological malignancies (RR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.21, 1.60) and other solid tumours (RR: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.14, 2.16). For specific cancers, fertility treatment was associated with a significantly increased risk of leukaemia (RR: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.09, 1.57) and hepatic tumours (RR: 2.26, 95% CI: 1.32, 3.85). Sensitivity analysis validated evidence of the robustness of the findings. The results may demonstrate a possible association between fertility treatment and an increased risk of cancer among the offspring. However, the findings cannot say whether this increased risk is due to the subfertility itself or to the fertility treatment. Further research is needed to address the underlying mechanisms.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"144","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International journal of cancer"}}},"pageStart":"3001","pageEnd":"3013","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.32062","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90479293"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/ijc.32062"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30548591"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q90479293"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/spending-at-least-120-minutes-a-week-in-nature-is-associated-with-good-health-an-rec8i2e94klzs7mls/","name":"Spending at least 120 minutes a week in nature is associated with good health and  wellbeing","headline":"Spending at least 120 minutes a week in nature is associated with good health and  wellbeing","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/spending-at-least-120-minutes-a-week-in-nature-is-associated-with-good-health-an-rec8i2e94klzs7mls/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mathew P White","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4168-7289","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Exeter","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yghzc09"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ian Alcock","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8258-1213","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Exeter","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yghzc09"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Benedict W Wheeler","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9404-5936","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Exeter","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yghzc09"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Terry Hartig","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9970-9164","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Uppsala University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/048a87296"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sara Warber","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6917-4154","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Exeter","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yghzc09"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Angie Bone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8935-0821","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Exeter","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yghzc09"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael H Depledge","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7216-0439","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Exeter","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yghzc09"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lora E Fleming","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1076-9967","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Exeter","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yghzc09"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"James Grellier","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7458-7479","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Exeter","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yghzc09"}}],"datePublished":"2019-06-15","abstract":"Spending time in natural environments can benefit health and well-being, but exposure-response relationships are under-researched. We examined associations between recreational nature contact in the last seven days and self-reported health and well-being. Participants (n = 19,806) were drawn from the Monitor of Engagement with the Natural Environment Survey (2014/15-2015/16); weighted to be nationally representative. Weekly contact was categorised using 60 min blocks. Analyses controlled for residential greenspace and other neighbourhood and individual factors. Compared to no nature contact last week, the likelihood of reporting good health or high well-being became significantly greater with contact ≥120 mins (e.g. 120-179 mins: ORs [95%CIs]: Health = 1.59 [1.31-1.92]; Well-being = 1.23 [1.08-1.40]). Positive associations peaked between 200-300 mins per week with no further gain. The pattern was consistent across key groups including older adults and those with long-term health issues. It did not matter how 120 mins of contact a week was achieved (e.g. one long vs. several shorter visits/week). Prospective longitudinal and intervention studies are a critical next step in developing possible weekly nature exposure guidelines comparable to those for physical activity.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Scientific Reports"}}},"pageStart":"7730","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-44097-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64902851"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/s41598-019-44097-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31197192"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q64902851"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/isthmocele-an-overview-of-diagnosis-and-treatment-recxvsgc7hchpnw2m/","name":"Isthmocele: an overview of diagnosis and treatment","headline":"Isthmocele: an overview of diagnosis and treatment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/isthmocele-an-overview-of-diagnosis-and-treatment-recxvsgc7hchpnw2m/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Raquel Papandreus Dibi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6825-773X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x0nkm13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Isadora Bueloni Ghiorzi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5526-0630","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x0nkm13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thaysa Guglieri Kremer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3254-3507","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul","sameAs":"https://ror.org/041yk2d64"}}],"datePublished":"2019-06-06","abstract":"An isthmocele, a cesarean scar defect or uterine niche, is any indentation representing myometrial discontinuity or a triangular anechoic defect in the anterior uterine wall, with the base communicating to the uterine cavity, at the site of a previous cesarean section scar. It can be classified as a small or large defect, depending on the wall thickness of the myometrial deficiency. Although usually asymptomatic, its primary symptom is abnormal or postmenstrual bleeding, and chronic pelvic pain may also occur. Infertility, placenta accrete or praevia, scar dehiscence, uterine rupture, and cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy may also appear as complications of this condition. The risk factors of isthmocele proven to date include retroflexed uterus and multiple cesarean sections. Nevertheless, factors such as a lower position of cesarean section, incomplete closure of the hysterotomy, early adhesions of the uterine wall and a genetic predisposition may also contribute to the development of a niche. As there are no definitive criteria for diagnosing an isthmocele, several imaging methods can be used to assess the integrity of the uterine wall and thus diagnose an isthmocele. However, transvaginal ultrasound and saline infusion sonohysterography emerge as specific, sensitive and cost-effective methods to diagnose isthmocele. The treatment includes clinical or surgical management, depending on the size of the defect, the presence of symptoms, the presence of secondary infertility and plans of childbearing. Surgical management includes minimally invasive approaches with sparing techniques such as hysteroscopic, laparoscopic or transvaginal procedures according to the defect size.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"65","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Revista Da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992)"}}},"pageStart":"714","pageEnd":"721","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.65.5.714","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92537125"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1590/1806-9282.65.5.714"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31166450"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92537125"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/concentrations-of-bisphenol-a-and-parabens-in-socks-for-infants-and-young-childr-6yq7sfmw/","name":"Concentrations of bisphenol A and parabens in socks for infants and young children in Spain and their hormone-like activities","headline":"Concentrations of bisphenol A and parabens in socks for infants and young children in Spain and their hormone-like activities","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/concentrations-of-bisphenol-a-and-parabens-in-socks-for-infants-and-young-childr-6yq7sfmw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Freire C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Molina-Molina JM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Iribarne-Durán LM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jiménez-Díaz I"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vela-Soria F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mustieles V"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arrebola JP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fernández MF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Artacho-Cordón F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Olea N"}],"datePublished":"2019-06-01","abstract":"Background: Little information is available on the content of bisphenol A (BPA) and other endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) such as parabens in infant textiles and clothes.Objectives1) To determine the concentrations of BPA and parabens in socks for infants and young children purchased in Spain, 2) to assess the (anti-)estrogenicity and (anti-)androgenicity of extracts from the socks, and 3) to estimate dermal exposure doses to these chemicals.\n\nMethods: Thirty-two pairs of socks for infants and young children (1-48 months) were purchased from 3 stores in Granada (Spain). Textile material was cut from the foot, toe, and leg of each sock (n = 96 samples) for chemical analysis. Hormone-like activities were determined in foot sections (n = 32 samples) by using the E-Screen assay for (anti-)estrogenicity and PALM luciferase assay for (anti-)androgenicity.\n\nResults: BPA was present in 90.6% of samples at concentrations ranging from <0.70 to 3736 ng/g. BPA levels were around 25-fold higher in socks from store 1, which had a higher cotton content compared to stores 2 and 3. Ethyl-paraben was found in 100% of samples, followed by methyl-paraben (81.0%), and propyl-paraben (43.7%). No butyl-paraben was detected in any sample. Estrogenic activity was detected in 83.3% of socks from store 1 (range = 48.2-6051 pM E2eq/g) but in only three socks from stores 2 and 3. Anti-androgenic activity was detected in six of the 32 socks studied (range = 94.4-2989 μM Proceq/g), all from store 1. Estimated dermal exposure to BPA was higher from socks for children aged 36-48 months (median = 17.6 pg/kg/day), and dermal exposure to parabens was higher from socks for children aged 24-36 months (median = 0.60 pg/kg/day).\n\nDiscussion: This is the first report in Europe on the wide presence of BPA and parabens in socks marketed for infants and children. BPA appears to contribute to the hormone-like activity observed in sock extracts.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"127","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environment International"}},"pageStart":"592","pageEnd":"600","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2019.04.013","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q93101732"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.envint.2019.04.013"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q93101732"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/factors-in-the-hospital-experience-associated-with-postpartum-breastfeeding-success-rec7wf9wcfgrgnjh4/","name":"Factors in the Hospital Experience Associated with Postpartum Breastfeeding Success","headline":"Factors in the Hospital Experience Associated with Postpartum Breastfeeding Success","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/factors-in-the-hospital-experience-associated-with-postpartum-breastfeeding-success-rec7wf9wcfgrgnjh4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Daniel W. Denhalter","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0883-6756","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa H Gren","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5868-3292","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tejinder Singh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9244-2177","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael W Varner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9455-3973","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Katherine A Panushka","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2019-06-01","abstract":"Introduction: Hospitals are in a unique position to promote, protect, and support breastfeeding. However, the association between in-hospital events and breastfeeding success within population-based samples has not been well studied.\n\nMaterials and Methods: A stratified (by education and birth weight) systematic sample of 5,770 mothers taking part in the Utah Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, 2012-2015, were included. Mothers, 2-4 months postpartum, completed the 82-item questionnaire, including if they had ever breastfed their new baby, and if so, current breastfeeding status. Relationships between in-hospital experiences and breastfeeding termination and duration were evaluated via Poisson and Cox proportional hazard regression models, respectively, adjusting for other in-hospital experiences, maternal age, race/ethnicity, maternal education, marital status, smoking, physical activity, delivery method, pregnancy complications, and length of hospital stay.\n\nResults: Of all, 94.4% of mothers self-reported breastfeeding initiation, of whom 18.8% had breastfed <2 months, having breastfed on average 3.2 weeks (standard error: 0.07). In fully adjusted models, mothers who reported receiving a pacifier, receiving formula, or had staff help them learn how to breastfeed had a higher prevalence of terminating breastfeeding before 2 months (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] = 1.13, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.97-1.32; aPR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.07-1.36; and aPR = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.08-1.34). Conversely, mothers who reported starting and feeding only breast milk in the hospital and receiving a phone number to call for help with breastfeeding had a lower prevalence of breastfeeding termination before 2 months (aPR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.61-0.86; aPR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.51-0.64; and aPR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.80-1.03). Adjusted Cox models showed similar direction of associations.\n\nConclusions: Encouraging mothers to exclusively breastfeed in the hospital, and reducing gift packs containing pacifiers and formula, may be key areas United States hospitals can focus on to increase breastfeeding success. Prospective assessment in other geographical regions is needed to corroborate these findings.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Breastfeeding medicine : the official journal of the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"334","pageEnd":"341","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1089/bfm.2018.0039","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92816389"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1089/bfm.2018.0039"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30942606"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92816389"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preconception-vitamin-d-status-and-offspring-sex-ratio-among-women-with-prior-pr-reccvg9dla5ufpwwg/","name":"Preconception Vitamin D Status and Offspring Sex Ratio Among Women with Prior Pregnancy Loss (OR17-05-19)","headline":"Preconception Vitamin D Status and Offspring Sex Ratio Among Women with Prior Pregnancy Loss (OR17-05-19)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preconception-vitamin-d-status-and-offspring-sex-ratio-among-women-with-prior-pr-reccvg9dla5ufpwwg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandra Purdue-Smithe","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7356-3651","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Purdue‐Smithe A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Keewan Kim","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7171-3487","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jeannie Radoc"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joshua R Freeman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7483-7848","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0072zz521"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"James L Mills","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4955-4384","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ninewells Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/039c6rk82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carrie J Nobles","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2182-8486","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Office of Extramural Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05aq6yn88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neil J Perkins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6802-4733","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sonia Robinson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7444-585X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert M Silver","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5794-3152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Intermountain Healthcare","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mvr1r74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindsey A Sjaarda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0539-8110","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}}],"datePublished":"2019-06-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Current Developments in Nutrition"}},"pageStart":"nzz039.OR17-05-19","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzz039.or17-05-19","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94493062"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/cdn/nzz039.or17-05-19"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q94493062"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/caffeinated-beverage-intake-and-serum-caffeine-metabolites-and-risk-of-pregnancy-loss-reckjjn8vacggqkdj/","name":"Caffeinated beverage intake and serum caffeine metabolites and risk of pregnancy loss","headline":"Caffeinated beverage intake and serum caffeine metabolites and risk of pregnancy loss","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/caffeinated-beverage-intake-and-serum-caffeine-metabolites-and-risk-of-pregnancy-loss-reckjjn8vacggqkdj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandra Purdue-Smithe","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7356-3651","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Purdue‐Smithe A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Keewan Kim","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7171-3487","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"James L Mills","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4955-4384","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ninewells Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/039c6rk82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Victoria C. Andriessen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6233-3682","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zeina Alkhalaf","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2121-5476","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neil J Perkins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6802-4733","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jeannie G. Radoc","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert M Silver","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5794-3152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Intermountain Healthcare","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mvr1r74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindsey A Sjaarda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0539-8110","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}}],"datePublished":"2019-06-01","abstract":"Objectives: The association between caffeine and pregnancy loss remains controversial due to limitations of prior studies such as relying on self-reported intake only, exposure measurement after clinical confirmation of pregnancy, and potential time-varying confounding by nausea/vomiting and lifestyle factors, which may be affected by prior caffeine exposure. Thus, our aim was to evaluate associations of preconception and early pregnancy serum caffeine, paraxanthine, and theobromine, self-reported intake of caffeinated beverages, and risk of pregnancy loss among 1228 reproductive-age women attempting pregnancy in the EAGeR trial during 2007–2011.\n\nMethods: We estimated HRs and 95% CIs for any pregnancy loss, hCG loss (prior to ultrasound confirmation), and clinical loss (after ultrasound confirmation) according to caffeinated beverage intake and caffeine biomarkers measured at preconception and the 8(th) week of gestation using weighted adjusted Cox proportional hazards models.\n\nResults: At preconception, 67%, 28%, and 9% of women reported any intake of caffeinated sodas, coffee, and tea, respectively. Preconception total caffeinated beverage intake of ≥3 vs. 0 cups/day was associated with 85% (95% CI: 1.18, 2.94) higher risk of any pregnancy loss, driven primarily by associations for hCG loss (HR: 2.88 (95% CI: 1.20, 6.91)). Caffeinated soda intake was associated with hCG loss (≥2 vs. 0.2 vs. ≤0.2 ng/mL) at preconception was strongly associated with hCG loss (HR: 4.51 (95% CI: 1.36, 14.91)). Serum caffeine, paraxanthine, and theobromine measured at the 8th week of gestation were not associated with risk of loss.\n\nConclusions: Collectively, these data suggest that caffeine intake prior to pregnancy may increase risk of pregnancy loss, particularly in early gestation. Funding Sources: Intramural Research Program of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Current developments in nutrition"}},"pageStart":"nzz039.OR17-04-19","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.07.203","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.07.203"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/transgenerational-effects-of-endocrinedisrupting-chemicals-on-male-and-female-re-qpszprrd/","name":"Transgenerational Effects of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals on Male and Female Reproduction","headline":"Transgenerational Effects of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals on Male and Female Reproduction","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/transgenerational-effects-of-endocrinedisrupting-chemicals-on-male-and-female-re-qpszprrd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Brehm E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jodi A Flaws","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5579-9268","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047426m28"}}],"datePublished":"2019-06-01","abstract":"Endocrine-disrupting chemicals are known to interfere with normal reproductive function and hormone signaling. Phthalates, bisphenol A, pesticides, and environmental contaminants such as polychlorinated biphenyls and dioxins are known endocrine-disrupting chemicals that have been shown to negatively affect both male and female reproduction. Exposure to these chemicals occurs on a daily basis owing to these compounds being found in plastics, personal care products, and pesticides. Recently, studies have shown that these chemicals may cause transgenerational effects on reproduction in both males and females. This is of concern because exposure to these chemicals prenatally or during adult life can negatively impact the reproductive health of future generations. This mini-review summarizes the endocrine-disrupting chemicals that humans are exposed to on a daily basis and what is known about the transgenerational effects that these chemicals may have on male and female reproduction.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"160","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"1421","pageEnd":"1435","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2019-00034","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q93174757"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/en.2019-00034"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30998239"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q93174757"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/building-an-evidence-base-for-ivf-addons-sijwwb0p/","name":"Building an evidence base for IVF 'add-ons'","headline":"Building an evidence base for IVF 'add-ons'","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/building-an-evidence-base-for-ivf-addons-sijwwb0p/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Macklon NS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ahuja KK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bart C.J.M. Fauser"}],"datePublished":"2019-06-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproductive BioMedicine Online"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbmo.2019.04.005","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.rbmo.2019.04.005"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31023611"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-simple-and-improved-predictor-of-insulin-resistance-extracted-from-the-oral-gl-reckc3cltfd5azj6v/","name":"A Simple and Improved Predictor of Insulin Resistance Extracted From the Oral  Glucose Tolerance Test: The I0*G60","headline":"A Simple and Improved Predictor of Insulin Resistance Extracted From the Oral  Glucose Tolerance Test: The I0*G60","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-simple-and-improved-predictor-of-insulin-resistance-extracted-from-the-oral-gl-reckc3cltfd5azj6v/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yanara A Bernal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9568-0675","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Reproductive Health Research Institute, Santiago, Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x0xhn70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patricio H Contreras","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4258-2454","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fundación Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04nvpdc40"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ana M Salgado","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3457-3766","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}}],"datePublished":"2019-05-30","abstract":"Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of several biochemical predictors of insulin resistance (IR).\nDesign: A total of 90 nondiabetic subjects were tested with both the pancreatic suppression test (PST) and the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Of them, 53 were non-insulin-resistant (NIR) subjects and the remaining 37 were insulin resistant subjects.\n\nResults: All glucose and insulin values from the OGTT were positively correlated with the steady-state plasma glucose (SSPG) value of the PST. Among the OGTT values, basal insulin (I0) displayed a stronger correlation with SSPG (r = 0.604). Receiver operating characteristic analysis of the OGTT data demonstrated that I0 exhibited the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), compared with the rest of the OGTT data. However, the reduced sensitivity of this predictor precluded its clinical use.We then tested six potential predictors of IR derived from the OGTT values. Of them, the I0*G60 had a correlation coefficient of 0.697 with the SSPG and an AUROC of 0.867, surpassing the respective values of the traditional biochemical predictors of IR. Its cutoff predicting IR was >1110 mg/dL*μΙU/mL (>428 nM*pM), its sensitivity was 0.865, and its global accuracy was 0.822. We then selected the six best biochemical predictors of IR according to their posttest probability ratio. The order was as follows: I0*G60, ISI composite, AUC-Gl*In/', quantitative insulin sensitivity check index, homeostatic model assessment 1 (HOMA1), and HOMA2.\n\nConclusion: We conclude that the I0*G60 is a promising, inexpensive, and easily calculable predictor of IR that outperforms the predictive power of the traditional predictors of IR, including the insulin sensitivity index composite.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of the Endocrine Society"}}},"pageStart":"1154","pageEnd":"1166","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/js.2018-00342","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64280585"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/js.2018-00342"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31139762"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q64280585"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/rola-położnej-w-terapii-niepłodności-metodą-naprotechnology-recgxnl7yvy5omlye/","name":"Rola położnej w terapii niepłodności metodą NaProTechnology","headline":"Rola położnej w terapii niepłodności metodą NaProTechnology","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/rola-położnej-w-terapii-niepłodności-metodą-naprotechnology-recgxnl7yvy5omlye/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marta Neneman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9541-4032"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Grażyna Bączek","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7897-9499"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ewa Dmoch–Gajzlerska","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1244-6531"}],"datePublished":"2019-05-29","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"57","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Polski Przegląd Nauk o Zdrowiu"}}},"pageStart":"507","pageEnd":"512","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.20883/ppnoz.2018.75","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.20883/ppnoz.2018.75"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pilot-observational-prospective-cohort-study-on-the-use-of-a-novel-home-based-ur-reco0mbeqxakjwyni/","name":"Pilot observational prospective cohort study on the use of a novel home-based  urinary pregnanediol 3-glucuronide (PDG) test to confirm ovulation when used as  adjunct to fertility awareness methods (FAMs) stage 1","headline":"Pilot observational prospective cohort study on the use of a novel home-based  urinary pregnanediol 3-glucuronide (PDG) test to confirm ovulation when used as  adjunct to fertility awareness methods (FAMs) stage 1","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pilot-observational-prospective-cohort-study-on-the-use-of-a-novel-home-based-ur-reco0mbeqxakjwyni/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rene Leiva","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1395-3236","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Ottawa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03c4mmv16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"René Ecochard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1695-789X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospices Civils de Lyon","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01502ca60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas P Bouchard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5774-0286","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Calgary","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marie McNamara-Kilian","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8351-2375","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Élisabeth Bruyère Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05h61fg48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Helen Niezgoda","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Élisabeth Bruyère Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05h61fg48"}}],"datePublished":"2019-05-28","abstract":"Rationale: Ovulation confirmation is a fundamental component of the evaluation of infertility.\n\nPurpose: To inform the design of a larger clinical trial to determine the effectiveness of a new home-based pregnanediol glucuronide (PDG) urine test to confirm ovulation when compared with the standard of serum progesterone.\n\nMethods: In this observational prospective cohort study (single group assignment) in an urban setting (stage 1), a convenience sample of 25 women (aged 18-42 years) collected daily first morning urine for luteinisinghormone (LH), PDG and kept a daily record of their cervical mucus for one menstrual cycle. Serum progesterone levels were measured to confirm ovulation. Sensitivity and specificity were used as the main outcome measures. Estimation of number of ultrasound (US)-monitored cycles needed for a future study was done using an exact binomial CI approach.\n\nResults: Recruitment over 3 months was achieved (n=28) primarily via natural fertility regulation social groups. With an attrition rate of 22%, specificity of the test was 100% for confirming ovulation. Sensitivity varied depending on whether a peak-fertility mucus day or a positive LH test was observed during the cycle (85%-88%). Fifty per cent of participants found the test results easy to determine. A total of 73 US-monitored cycles would be needed to offer a narrow CI between 95% and 100%.\n\nConclusion: This is first study to clinically evaluate this test when used as adjunct to the fertility awareness methods. While this pilot study was not powered to validate or test efficacy, it helped to provide information on power, recruitment and retention, acceptability of the procedures and ease of its use by the participants. Given this test had a preliminary result of 100% specificity, further research with a larger clinical trial (stage 2) is recommended to both improve this technology and incorporate additional approaches to confirm ovulation.\n\nTRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT03230084.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ Open"}}},"pageStart":"e028496","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028496","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64996924"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028496"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31133596"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q64996924"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/predictors-of-imminent-non-vertebral-fracture-in-elderly-women-with-osteoporosis-recphjj7bawrupmt1/","name":"Predictors of imminent non-vertebral fracture in elderly women with osteoporosis, low bone mass, or a history of fracture, based on data from the population-based Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos)","headline":"Predictors of imminent non-vertebral fracture in elderly women with osteoporosis, low bone mass, or a history of fracture, based on data from the population-based Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/predictors-of-imminent-non-vertebral-fracture-in-elderly-women-with-osteoporosis-recphjj7bawrupmt1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jonathan D Adachi, Claudie Berger, Rich Barron, Derek Weycker, Tassos P Anastassiades, K Shawn Davison, David A Hanley, George Ioannidis, Stuart A Jackson, Robert G Josse, Stephanie M Kaiser, Christopher S Kovacs, William D Leslie, Suzanne N Morin, Alexandra Papaioannou, Jerilynn C Prior, Erinda Shyta, Amanda Silvia, Tanveer Towheed, David Goltzman"}],"datePublished":"2019-05-16","abstract":"Using data from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study, several risk factors predictive of imminent (2-year) risk of low-trauma non-vertebral fracture among high-risk women were identified, including history of falls, history of low-trauma fracture, poorer physical function, and lower T score. Careful consideration should be given to targeting this population for therapy.\nPurpose: Fracture risk assessment has focused on a long-term horizon and populations with a broad risk range. For elderly women with osteoporosis or low bone mass, or a history of fragility fractures (\"high-risk women\"), risk prediction over a shorter horizon may have greater clinical relevance.\n\nMethods: A repeated-observations design and data from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study were employed. Study population comprised women aged ≥ 65 years with T score (total hip, femoral neck, spine) ≤ - 1.0 or prior fracture. Hazard ratios (HR) for predictors of low-trauma non-vertebral fracture during 2-year follow-up were estimated using multivariable shared frailty model.\n\nResults: The study population included 3228 women who contributed 5004 observations; 4.8% experienced low-trauma non-vertebral fracture during the 2-year follow-up. In bivariate analyses, important risk factors included age, back pain, history of falls, history of low-trauma fracture, physical function, health status, and total hip T score. In multivariable analyses, only four independent predictors were identified: falls in past 12 months (≥ 2 falls: HR = 1.9; 1 fall: HR = 1.5), low-trauma fracture in past 12 months (≥ 1 fracture: HR = 1.7), SF-36 physical component summary score (≤ 42.0: HR = 1.6), and total hip T score (≤ - 3.5: HR = 3.7; > - 3.5 to ≤ - 2.5: HR = 2.5; > - 2.5 to ≤ - 1: HR = 1.3).\n\nConclusions: Imminent risk of low-trauma non-vertebral fracture is elevated among high-risk women with a history of falls or low-trauma fracture, poorer physical function, and lower T score. Careful consideration should be given to identifying and targeting this population for therapy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Arch Osteoporos"}}},"pageStart":"53","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s11657-019-0598-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92099884"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s11657-019-0598-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31098708"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92099884"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparative-thermal-effects-of-jplasma-monopolar-argon-and-laser-electrosurgery--caskmlar/","name":"Comparative Thermal Effects of J-Plasma, Monopolar, Argon, and Laser Electrosurgery in a Porcine Tissue Model","headline":"Comparative Thermal Effects of J-Plasma, Monopolar, Argon, and Laser Electrosurgery in a Porcine Tissue Model","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparative-thermal-effects-of-jplasma-monopolar-argon-and-laser-electrosurgery--caskmlar/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Masghati S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pedroso J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gutierrez M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stockwell E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Volker KW"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Howard DL"}],"datePublished":"2019-05-15","abstract":"INTRODUCTION: The objective of this study was to understand how J-Plasma (Bovie Medical Corporation, Clearwater, Florida) surgical energy compares to monopolar, argon beam, and CO2 laser devices in terms of depth of penetration and lateral thermal spread in a porcine tissue model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using a porcine animal model, we applied the thermal energy of the J-Plasma laser, Bovie Monopolar Pencil (Bovie Medical Corporation, Clearwater, Florida), argon beam coagulator, and CO2 laser to porcine small bowel, bladder, and peritoneal tissues at equivalent settings. Tissue was excised and sent to pathology for histologic evaluation. Primary outcome was depth of penetration and lateral thermal spread. RESULTS: When applied to peritoneum tissue, CO2 laser had the greatest lateral thermal spread at 2.99mm, while the argon beam had the lowest at just under 1.5mm. With regard to depth of penetration, the monopolar pencil had the highest while J-Plasma had the lowest. When applied to bladder tissue, the argon beam was associated with the greatest lateral thermal spread (3.1mm) as compared to the other three devices (all less than 1mm). In terms of depth of penetration of bladder tissue, J-Plasma again had the lowest value, while the monopolar pencil had the highest. When applied to small intestine tissue, the argon beam had the greatest lateral spread (3.51mm), while J-Plasma had the lowest (less than 1mm). Regarding depth of penetration of small intestine tissue, argon beam had the highest value at 1.8mm compared to the other three devices (all below 0.6mm). CONCLUSION: Consistent with our previous study, J-Plasma had minimal lateral and depth spread when applied to various tissue types. J-Plasma performed better or similar when compared to monopolar, argon beam, and laser electrosurgical devices. Further studies in-vivo are needed to evaluate safety and surgical application of the J-Plasma device.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Surgical Technology International"},"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30825320"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-treatment-2017-trends-and-figures-xibh4sp5/","name":"Fertility Treatment 2017: Trends and Figures","headline":"Fertility Treatment 2017: Trends and Figures","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-treatment-2017-trends-and-figures-xibh4sp5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority"}],"datePublished":"2019-05-09","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"HFEA"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-randomized-trial-of-progesterone-in-women-with-bleeding-in-early-pregnancy-rec7mjvhhkr2ttyqe/","name":"A Randomized Trial of Progesterone in Women with Bleeding in Early Pregnancy","headline":"A Randomized Trial of Progesterone in Women with Bleeding in Early Pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-randomized-trial-of-progesterone-in-women-with-bleeding-in-early-pregnancy-rec7mjvhhkr2ttyqe/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Coomarasamy A, Devall AJ, Cheed V, Harb H, Middleton LJ, Gallos ID, Williams H, Eapen AK, Roberts T, Ogwulu CC, Goranitis I, Daniels JP, Ahmed A, Bender-Atik R, Bhatia K, Bottomley C, Brewin J, Choudhary M, Crosfill F, Deb S, Duncan WC, Ewer A, Hinshaw K, Holland T, Izzat F, Johns J, Kriedt K, Lumsden MA, Manda P, Norman JE, Nunes N, Overton CE, Quenby S, Rao S, Ross J, Shahid A, Underwood M, Vaithilingam N, Watkins L, Wykes C, Horne A, Jurkovic D"}],"datePublished":"2019-05-09","abstract":"Background: Bleeding in early pregnancy is strongly associated with pregnancy loss. Progesterone is essential for the maintenance of pregnancy. Several small trials have suggested that progesterone therapy may improve pregnancy outcomes in women who have bleeding in early pregnancy.\n\nMethods: We conducted a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate progesterone, as compared with placebo, in women with vaginal bleeding in early pregnancy. Women were randomly assigned to receive vaginal suppositories containing either 400 mg of progesterone or matching placebo twice daily, from the time at which they presented with bleeding through 16 weeks of gestation. The primary outcome was the birth of a live-born baby after at least 34 weeks of gestation. The primary analysis was performed in all participants for whom data on the primary outcome were available. A sensitivity analysis of the primary outcome that included all the participants was performed with the use of multiple imputation to account for missing data.\n\nResults: A total of 4153 women, recruited at 48 hospitals in the United Kingdom, were randomly assigned to receive progesterone (2079 women) or placebo (2074 women). The percentage of women with available data for the primary outcome was 97% (4038 of 4153 women). The incidence of live births after at least 34 weeks of gestation was 75% (1513 of 2025 women) in the progesterone group and 72% (1459 of 2013 women) in the placebo group (relative rate, 1.03; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.00 to 1.07; P = 0.08). The sensitivity analysis, in which missing primary outcome data were imputed, resulted in a similar finding (relative rate, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.00 to 1.07; P = 0.08). The incidence of adverse events did not differ significantly between the groups.\n\nConclusions: Among women with bleeding in early pregnancy, progesterone therapy administered during the first trimester did not result in a significantly higher incidence of live births than placebo. (Funded by the United Kingdom National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment program; PRISM Current Controlled Trials number, ISRCTN14163439.).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"380","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"New England Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"1815","pageEnd":"1824","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1813730","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91854376"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJMoa1813730"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31067371"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91854376"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/longitudinal-assessment-of-health-related-quality-of-life-in-osteoporosis-data-f-recszo0kd2cz9e56o/","name":"Longitudinal assessment of health-related quality of life in osteoporosis: data from the population-based Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study","headline":"Longitudinal assessment of health-related quality of life in osteoporosis: data from the population-based Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/longitudinal-assessment-of-health-related-quality-of-life-in-osteoporosis-data-f-recszo0kd2cz9e56o/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"W M Hopman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3162-8754","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kingston General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03zq81960"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"The CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudie Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5499-2661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tanveer Towheed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8738-9394","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Rheumatology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rtaxr13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tassos Anastassiades","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5805-0364","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Hanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lawrence Joseph","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3321-0587","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S N Morin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2549-6826","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}}],"datePublished":"2019-05-08","abstract":"Little is known about the association between health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and osteoporosis in the absence of fracture, and how HRQOL may change over time. This study provides evidence of substantially reduced HRQOL in women and men with self-reported and/or BMD-confirmed osteoporosis, even in the absence of fragility fracture.\nIntroduction: Fragility fractures have a detrimental effect on the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of those with osteoporosis. Less is known about the association between HRQOL and osteoporosis in the absence of fracture.\n\nMethods: Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study participants completed the SF-36, a detailed health questionnaire and measures of bone mineral density (BMD) at baseline and follow-up. We report the results of participants ≥ 50 years with 10-year follow-up. Self-reported osteoporosis at baseline and BMD-based osteoporosis at follow-up were ascertained. Multivariable linear regression models were developed for baseline SF-36 domains, component summaries, and change over time, adjusting for relevant baseline information.\n\nResults: Baseline data were available for 5266 women and 2112 men. Women in the osteoporosis group had substantially lower SF-36 baseline scores, particularly in the physically oriented domains, than those without osteoporosis. A similar but attenuated pattern was evident for the men. After 10-year follow-up (2797 women and 1023 men), most domain scores dropped for women and men regardless of osteoporosis status, with the exception of mentally-oriented ones. In general, a fragility fracture was associated with lower SF-36 scores and larger declines over time.\n\nConclusions: This study provides evidence of substantially reduced HRQOL in women and men with self-reported and/or BMD-confirmed osteoporosis, even in the absence of fragility fracture. HRQOL should be thoroughly investigated even prior to fracture, to develop appropriate interventions for all stages of the disease.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"30","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Osteoporos Int"}}},"pageStart":"1635","pageEnd":"1644","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-019-05000-y","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91870654"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00198-019-05000-y"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31069440"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91870654"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sperm-dna-fragmentation-and-recurrent-pregnancy-loss-a-systematic-review-and-met-recyq3m4kcw20pwot/","name":"Sperm DNA fragmentation and recurrent pregnancy loss: a systematic review and  meta-analysis","headline":"Sperm DNA fragmentation and recurrent pregnancy loss: a systematic review and  meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sperm-dna-fragmentation-and-recurrent-pregnancy-loss-a-systematic-review-and-met-recyq3m4kcw20pwot/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"John H. Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4319-4285","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Northwestern University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/000e0be47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jared C Robins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9796-875X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Northwestern University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/000e0be47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dana B McQueen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0162-1637","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois. Electronic address: dana.mcqueen@northwestern.edu.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/000e0be47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jinna Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0912-1197","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"}}],"datePublished":"2019-05-06","abstract":"Objective: To investigate the rate of sperm DNA fragmentation in male partners of women with recurrent pregnancy loss and fertile control women.\nDesign: Systematic review and meta-analysis.\nSetting: Not applicable. PATIENT(S): A total of 579 male partners of women with recurrent pregnancy loss and 434 male partners fertile control women. INTERVENTION(S): Prospective studies were identified through a Pubmed search. Recurrent pregnancy loss was defined as two or more previous pregnancy losses. Fertile control women had a history of a live birth or ongoing pregnancy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The primary outcome was the rate of sperm DNA fragmentation. The summary measures were reported as mean difference with 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULT(S): Fifteen prospective studies were included in a qualitative review. Pooled data from 13 studies with sufficient data for meta-analysis suggest that male partners of women with a history of recurrent pregnancy loss have a significantly higher rate of sperm DNA fragmentation compared to the partners of fertile control women: mean difference 11.91, 95% CI 4.97-18.86. CONCLUSION(S): These findings support an association between sperm DNA fragmentation and recurrent pregnancy loss. However, given the significant heterogeneity between studies and lack of prospective pregnancy outcome data, further large prospective studies are needed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"112","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"54-60.e3","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.03.003","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91769455"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.03.003"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31056315"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91769455"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-and-the-risk-of-preeclampsia-an-updated-systema-reccpdeshwwxvgzwt/","name":"Assisted reproductive technology and the risk of preeclampsia: an updated  systematic review and meta-analysis","headline":"Assisted reproductive technology and the risk of preeclampsia: an updated  systematic review and meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-and-the-risk-of-preeclampsia-an-updated-systema-reccpdeshwwxvgzwt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Amir Almasi‐Hashiani","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4434-561X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Arak University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056mgfb42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Reza Omani‐Samani","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2386-582X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royan Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02exhb815"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Masoud Mohammadi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2393-8849","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Gerash University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03f754t19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Payam Amini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8675-0045","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01rws6r75"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Behnaz Navid","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7348-9113","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royan Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02exhb815"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ahad Alizadeh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0385-463X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royan Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02exhb815"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Esmaeil Khedmati Morasae","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2172-9653","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Liverpool","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Khedmati Morasae E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amir Almasi-Hashiani","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Saman Maroufizadeh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5794-3876","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guilan University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04ptbrd12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Reza Omani-Samani","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Reproductive Health, Reproductive Epidemiology Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran."}}],"datePublished":"2019-05-03","abstract":"Background: The objective of this systematic review and meta-analyses was to assess the risk of preeclampsia among women who conceived with assisted reproductive technology (ART).\n\nMethods: We searched the ISI Web of Knowledge, Medline/PubMed, Scopus, and Embase (from inception to May 2017) for English language articles using a list of key words. In addition, reference lists from identified studies and relevant review articles were also searched. Data extraction was performed by two authors, and the study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Random-effects model meta-analysis was applied to pool the relative risks (RR) across studies.\n\nResults: A total of 48 studies (5 case-control studies and 43 cohort studies) were included in this meta-analysis. The Cochran Q test and I(2) statistics revealed substantial heterogeneity (Q = 26,313.92, d.f. = 47, p < 0.001 and I(2) = 99.8%). Meta-analysis showed a significant increase in preeclampsia in women who conceived by ART compared with those who conceived spontaneously (RR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.11-2.62, p = 0.015).\n\nConclusions: The findings of this systematic review indicate that the use of ART treatment is associated with a 1.71-fold increase in preeclampsia.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth"}}},"pageStart":"149","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-019-2291-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64070183"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s12884-019-2291-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31046710"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q64070183"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/physiological-and-pathological-androgen-actions-in-the-ovary-fvcxj5tj/","name":"Physiological and Pathological Androgen Actions in the Ovary","headline":"Physiological and Pathological Androgen Actions in the Ovary","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/physiological-and-pathological-androgen-actions-in-the-ovary-fvcxj5tj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Astapova O"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Minor BMN"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hammes SR"}],"datePublished":"2019-05-01","abstract":"Androgens, although traditionally thought to be male sex steroids, play important roles in female reproduction, both in healthy and pathological states. This mini-review focuses on recent advances in our knowledge of the role of androgens in the ovary. Androgen receptor (AR) is expressed in oocytes, granulosa cells, and theca cells, and is temporally regulated during follicular development. Mouse knockout studies have shown that AR expression in granulosa cells is critical for normal follicular development and subsequent ovulation. In addition, androgens are involved in regulating dynamic changes in ovarian steroidogenesis that are critical for normal cycling. Androgen effects on follicle development have been incorporated into clinical practice in women with diminished ovarian reserve, albeit with limited success in available literature. At the other extreme, androgen excess leads to disordered follicle development and anovulatory infertility known as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), with studies suggesting that theca cell AR may mediate many of these negative effects. Finally, both prenatal and postnatal animal models of androgen excess have been developed and are being used to study the pathophysiology of PCOS both within the ovary and with regard to overall metabolic health. Taken together, current scientific consensus is that a careful balance of androgen activity in the ovary is necessary for reproductive health in women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"160","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"1166","pageEnd":"1174","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2019-00101","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92625312"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/en.2019-00101"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30912811"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92625312"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-menstrual-cycle-phase-on-associations-between-the-errorrelated-negati-gewrga08/","name":"Effects of menstrual cycle phase on associations between the error-related negativity and checking symptoms in women","headline":"Effects of menstrual cycle phase on associations between the error-related negativity and checking symptoms in women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-menstrual-cycle-phase-on-associations-between-the-errorrelated-negati-gewrga08/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mulligan EM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hajcak G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Klawohn J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nelson B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Meyer A"}],"datePublished":"2019-05-01","abstract":"The menstrual cycle is known to impact mood and cognitive function and has been shown to lead to variability in symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorders and anxiety. Using a within-subject design, the present study examined ovarian hormones, the error-related negativity (ERN), and self-reported checking symptoms in both the mid-follicular and mid-luteal phases of the menstrual cycle. ERN amplitude and checking symptom severity did not vary between the follicular and luteal phases. However, a more negative ERN was associated with greater checking symptoms in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle, even when controlling for ERN amplitude in the follicular phase. Moreover, changes in checking symptoms between phases were associated with phase-related changes in the ERN. Finally, a significant mediation model was found such that the ERN measured in the luteal phase mediated the association between progesterone in the luteal phase and checking symptoms in the luteal phase. Collectively, the present findings suggest that levels of progesterone in the luteal phase could impact checking symptoms by modulating response monitoring and sensitivity to errors, and that fluctuation in the ERN between menstrual cycle phases may play an important role in the expression of anxious and obsessive-compulsive symptoms.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"103","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"}},"pageStart":"233","pageEnd":"240","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.01.027","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91354823"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.01.027"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30721837"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91354823"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/parity-and-lactation-are-not-associated-with-incident-fragility-fractures-or-rad-recllfhefvxajhd6c/","name":"Parity and lactation are not associated with incident fragility fractures or  radiographic vertebral fractures over 16 years of follow-up: Canadian Multicentre  Osteoporosis Study (CaMos)","headline":"Parity and lactation are not associated with incident fragility fractures or  radiographic vertebral fractures over 16 years of follow-up: Canadian Multicentre  Osteoporosis Study (CaMos)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/parity-and-lactation-are-not-associated-with-incident-fragility-fractures-or-rad-recllfhefvxajhd6c/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhiwei Gao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4256-108X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04haebc03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gerald Mugford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4170-3143","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04haebc03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"William D Leslie","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1056-1691","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02gfys938"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Linda Probyn","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2669-4173","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Medical ImagingUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/000hkd473"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brian Lentle"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher S Kovacs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5219-9993","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John’s, NL, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04haebc03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sandra Cooke-Hubley","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04haebc03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1406-4251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Shawn Davison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8123-7680","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S M Kaiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3222-3711","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}}],"datePublished":"2019-05-01","abstract":"Parity and lactation showed no associations with incident clinical fragility fractures or radiographic vertebral compression fractures in the 16-year CaMos prospective study. Parity was associated with slightly greater decline in femoral neck but not hip or spine areal bone mineral density (aBMD), while lactation showed no associations with aBMD change.\nPurpose: Pregnancy and especially lactation cause loss of bone mass and microarchitectural changes, which temporarily increase fracture risk. After weaning, aBMD increases but skeletal microarchitecture may be incompletely restored. Most retrospective clinical studies found neutral or even protective associations of parity and lactation with fragility fractures, but prospective data are sparse. CaMos is a randomly selected observational cohort that includes ~ 6500 women followed prospectively for over 16 years.\n\nMethods: We determined whether parity or lactation were related to incident clinical fragility fractures over 16 years, radiographic (morphometric and morphologic) vertebral fractures over 10 years, and aBMD change (spine, total hip, and femoral neck) over 10 years. Parity and lactation duration were analyzed as continuous variables in predicting these outcomes using univariate and multivariate regression analyses.\n\nResults: Three thousand four hundred thirty-seven women completed 16 years of follow-up for incident clinical fractures, 3839 completed 10 years of morphometric vertebral fracture assessment, 3788 completed 10 years of morphologic vertebral fracture assessment, and 4464 completed 10 years of follow-up for change in aBMD. In the multivariate analyses, parity and lactation duration showed no associations with clinical fragility fractures, radiographic vertebral fractures, or change in aBMD, except that parity associated with a probable chance finding of a slightly greater decline in femoral neck aBMD.\n\nConclusions: Parity and lactation have no adverse associations with clinical fragility or radiographic vertebral fractures, or the rate of BMD decline over 10 years, in this prospective, multicenter study of a randomly selected, population-based cohort of women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Archives of Osteoporosis"}}},"pageStart":"49","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s11657-019-0601-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91627413"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s11657-019-0601-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31037359"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91627413"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-assessment-due-to-dermal-exposure-of-trace-elements-and-indigo-dye-in-jeans-xgy3wdvp/","name":"Risk assessment due to dermal exposure of trace elements and indigo dye in jeans: Migration to artificial sweat","headline":"Risk assessment due to dermal exposure of trace elements and indigo dye in jeans: Migration to artificial sweat","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-assessment-due-to-dermal-exposure-of-trace-elements-and-indigo-dye-in-jeans-xgy3wdvp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Herrero M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joaquim Rovira","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0212-9353","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitat Rovira i Virgili","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g5sqv46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Martí Nadal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1974-6836","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitat Rovira i Virgili","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g5sqv46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"José L Domingo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9470","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitat Rovira i Virgili","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g5sqv46"}}],"datePublished":"2019-05-01","abstract":"The concentration of a number of trace elements (Ag, Al, As, B, Ba, Be, Bi, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Sc, Se, Sm, Sr, Sn, Tl, Ti, V and Zn) were determined in 42 commercialized denim garments (jeans and shirts), being dermal exposure subsequently assessed. Migration experiments with artificial acid and basic sweat were also conducted to determine the release of these elements, as well as indigo dye. In a similar way than for the total content, Mg (124 and 99.4 µg/g) and Mn (27.1 and 7.20 µg/g) showed the highest concentrations in both artificial sweat, acid and basic, respectively. Indigo dye migrated at levels ranged from 3.22 to 7.76 mg/g, being higher in dark than in light blue fabrics. The levels of trace elements and indigo were analysed according to materials of fabric, colour, brand, and eco-labelling. Using total content and migrations rates, dermal exposure to trace elements for adult men, women and teenagers were calculated under the two sweat extractions. Non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks due to dermal exposure to the elements here analysed in cloths were assessed. Both risks were in the limits of safe to according to international regulations. However, the maximum exposure to Sb reached a hazard quotient (HQ) of 0.3 in clothes partially made of polyester. Despite some authors have established that indigo is an agonist of the aril receptor, health risks due to exposure to indigo dye were not calculated due the lack of toxicological data.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"172","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environmental Research"}},"pageStart":"310","pageEnd":"318","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2019.02.030","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92069326"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.envres.2019.02.030"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92069326"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clothingmediated-exposures-to-chemicals-and-particles-gudhevir/","name":"Clothing-Mediated Exposures to Chemicals and Particles","headline":"Clothing-Mediated Exposures to Chemicals and Particles","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clothingmediated-exposures-to-chemicals-and-particles-gudhevir/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Licina D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Morrison GC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bekö G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Weschler CJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nazaroff WW"}],"datePublished":"2019-04-29","abstract":"A growing body of evidence identifies clothing as an important mediator of human exposure to chemicals and particles, which may have public health significance. This paper reviews and critically assesses the state of knowledge regarding how clothing, during wear, influences exposure to molecular chemicals, abiotic particles, and biotic particles, including microbes and allergens. The underlying processes that govern the acquisition, retention, and transmission of clothing-associated contaminants and the consequences of these for subsequent exposures are explored. Chemicals of concern have been identified in clothing, including byproducts of their manufacture and chemicals that adhere to clothing during use and care. Analogously, clothing acts as a reservoir for biotic and abiotic particles acquired from occupational and environmental sources. Evidence suggests that while clothing can be protective by acting as a physical or chemical barrier, clothing-mediated exposures can be substantial in certain circumstances and may have adverse health consequences. This complex process is influenced by the type and history of the clothing; the nature of the contaminant; and by wear, care, and storage practices. Future research efforts are warranted to better quantify, predict, and control clothing-related exposures.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"53","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environmental Science &amp; Technology"}}},"pageStart":"5559","pageEnd":"5575","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b00272","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91601223"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1021/acs.est.9b00272"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91601223"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/can-menopause-prediction-be-improved-with-multiple-amh-measurements-results-from-recv7fxskqdcqyh0v/","name":"Can Menopause Prediction Be Improved With Multiple AMH Measurements? Results From  the Prospective Doetinchem Cohort Study","headline":"Can Menopause Prediction Be Improved With Multiple AMH Measurements? Results From  the Prospective Doetinchem Cohort Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/can-menopause-prediction-be-improved-with-multiple-amh-measurements-results-from-recv7fxskqdcqyh0v/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yvonne T van der Schouw","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Medical Center Utrecht","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0575yy874"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marinus J C Eijkemans","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9400-0615","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, CX Utrecht, Netherlands"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Simone L Broer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7699-0931","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Medical Center Utrecht","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0575yy874"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W M Monique Verschuren","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2134-4227","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institute for Public Health and the Environment","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cesdt21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Frank J. Broekmans","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1366-2727","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Medical Center Utrecht","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0575yy874"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Annelien C de Kat","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1107-4251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Reproductive Medicine and Gynecology, University Medical Center Utrecht, CX Utrecht, Netherlands.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0575yy874"}}],"datePublished":"2019-04-23","abstract":"Context: Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels are used worldwide as a screening tool for the duration of the female reproductive lifespan. Although AMH levels are associated with age at menopause, individual predictions of menopause with a single AMH measurement are unreliable.\n\nObjective: This study investigated whether individual AMH decline patterns can improve the prediction of menopause compared with a single measurement.\nDesign: The study population comprised 2434 premenopausal women from the population-based Doetinchem Cohort Study. Participants were followed up every 5 years for a total of 20 years, and AMH was measured in 6699 plasma samples with the picoAMH assay. Longitudinal statistical modeling was combined with time varying Cox modeling, to integrate multiple AMH measurements per woman.\n\nResults: The mean age at menopause was 50 years, and 7.4% of the women who reached menopause during follow-up did so before age 45 years. For a 25-year-old, the AMH decline rate between ages 20 and 25 years increased the C-statistic of menopause prediction from 0.64 to 0.69. Beyond that age, the AMH decline rate did not improve predictions of menopause or early menopause. For women younger than age 30 years, for whom menopause prediction is arguably most relevant, the models underestimated the risk of early menopause.\n\nConclusion: These results suggest that knowledge of the AMH decline rate does not improve the prediction of menopause. Based on the low discriminative ability and underestimation of the risk of early menopause, the use of AMH as a screening method for the timing of menopause cannot currently be advocated.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"104","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"5024","pageEnd":"5031","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2018-02607","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90056931"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jc.2018-02607"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31006802"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q90056931"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/wearable-sensors-reveal-menses-driven-changes-in-physiology-and-enable-predictio-recxpmeqnhgzwevdx/","name":"Wearable Sensors Reveal Menses-Driven Changes in Physiology and Enable Prediction  of the Fertile Window: Observational Study","headline":"Wearable Sensors Reveal Menses-Driven Changes in Physiology and Enable Prediction  of the Fertile Window: Observational Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/wearable-sensors-reveal-menses-driven-changes-in-physiology-and-enable-predictio-recxpmeqnhgzwevdx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Franziska Dammeier","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4023-4077","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ava AG, Zurich, Switzerland."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa Falco","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2659-4068","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ava AG, Zurich, Switzerland."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brianna Mae Goodale","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6450-123X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ava AG, Zurich, Switzerland."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Györgyi Hamvas","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4241-9251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ava AG, Zurich, Switzerland."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brigitte Leeners","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6137-7499","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital of Zurich","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01462r250"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mohaned Shilaih","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5584-5575","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ava AG, Zurich, Switzerland.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01462r250"}}],"datePublished":"2019-04-19","abstract":"Background: Previous research examining physiological changes across the menstrual cycle has considered biological responses to shifting hormones in isolation. Clinical studies, for example, have shown that women's nightly basal body temperature increases from 0.28 to 0.56 ˚C following postovulation progesterone production. Women's resting pulse rate, respiratory rate, and heart rate variability (HRV) are similarly elevated in the luteal phase, whereas skin perfusion decreases significantly following the fertile window's closing. Past research probed only 1 or 2 of these physiological features in a given study, requiring participants to come to a laboratory or hospital clinic multiple times throughout their cycle. Although initially designed for recreational purposes, wearable technology could enable more ambulatory studies of physiological changes across the menstrual cycle. Early research suggests that wearables can detect phase-based shifts in pulse rate and wrist skin temperature (WST). To date, previous work has studied these features separately, with the ability of wearables to accurately pinpoint the fertile window using multiple physiological parameters simultaneously yet unknown.\n\nObjective: In this study, we probed what phase-based differences a wearable bracelet could detect in users' WST, heart rate, HRV, respiratory rate, and skin perfusion. Drawing on insight from artificial intelligence and machine learning, we then sought to develop an algorithm that could identify the fertile window in real time.\n\nMethods: We conducted a prospective longitudinal study, recruiting 237 conception-seeking Swiss women. Participants wore the Ava bracelet (Ava AG) nightly while sleeping for up to a year or until they became pregnant. In addition to syncing the device to the corresponding smartphone app daily, women also completed an electronic diary about their activities in the past 24 hours. Finally, women took a urinary luteinizing hormone test at several points in a given cycle to determine the close of the fertile window. We assessed phase-based changes in physiological parameters using cross-classified mixed-effects models with random intercepts and random slopes. We then trained a machine learning algorithm to recognize the fertile window.\n\nResults: We have demonstrated that wearable technology can detect significant, concurrent phase-based shifts in WST, heart rate, and respiratory rate (all P<.001). HRV and skin perfusion similarly varied across the menstrual cycle (all P<.05), although these effects only trended toward significance following a Bonferroni correction to maintain a family-wise alpha level. Our findings were robust to daily, individual, and cycle-level covariates. Furthermore, we developed a machine learning algorithm that can detect the fertile window with 90% accuracy (95% CI 0.89 to 0.92).\n\nConclusions: Our contributions highlight the impact of artificial intelligence and machine learning's integration into health care. By monitoring numerous physiological parameters simultaneously, wearable technology uniquely improves upon retrospective methods for fertility awareness and enables the first real-time predictive model of ovulation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Medical Internet Research"}}},"pageStart":"e13404","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.2196/13404","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64103092"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2196/13404"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30998226"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q64103092"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sun-537-progesterone-therapy-and-serum-sclerostin-levels-in-healthy-menopausal-w-receigbq0yooxqav3/","name":"SUN-537 Progesterone Therapy and Serum Sclerostin Levels in Healthy Menopausal Women: A 3-month Randomized, Placebo Controlled Clinical Trial","headline":"SUN-537 Progesterone Therapy and Serum Sclerostin Levels in Healthy Menopausal Women: A 3-month Randomized, Placebo Controlled Clinical Trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sun-537-progesterone-therapy-and-serum-sclerostin-levels-in-healthy-menopausal-w-receigbq0yooxqav3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yang Yang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6246-0999","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lierop AV"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Antoon van Lierop","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Slotervaartziekenhuis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01w502745"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Azita Goshtasebi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dharani Kalidasan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8098-3435","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2019-04-15","abstract":"Sclerostin is an osteocyte-produced glycoprotein that inhibits the WNT/β-catenin pathway essential for bone formation. Sclerostin was postulated to relate to normal bone metabolism in 2001; we still have an incomplete understanding of its regulation. Estradiol, a bone antiresorptive ovarian steroid, inhibits sclerostin. Estrogen and progesterone act together in menstrual cycles and bone remodelling with progesterone exerting an anabolic effect. We hypothesized a relationship between progesterone and sclerostin because progesterone and estrogen are “partner” hormones in most tissues, and because progesterone and sclerostin modulate bone formation in opposite directions. Two observational menstrual cycle studies have reported sclerostin levels; neither documented changes across cycles nor in luteal phases during which progesterone levels are high(1)(,2). Some reports have also shown positive correlations between sclerostin and age and BMI. In this study, sclerostin was measured using an assay (MSD) of high sensitivity (LOD ± 1pg/mL), broad detection range (1-10 000 pg/mL), and intra/inter-assay precisions of 6% and 10% respectively(3). We collected fasting serum during a 3-month double blind randomized controlled trial (RCT) of 300 mg oral micronized progesterone vs placebo in symptomatic menopausal women; progesterone significantly decreased hot flushes/night sweats (vasomotor symptoms, VMS)(4). Statistical analysis showed sclerostin was not related to the 28-day baseline VMS Score (r=.18, p=.22). Pearson correlation coefficients were used to evaluate sclerostin vs baseline data and ANCOVA to analyze RCT results (alpha=0.05 significant, [SD]). The study’s purpose was to determine if sclerostin levels changed during a 3-month RCT of progesterone for VMS in healthy menopausal women(3). The primary outcome was sclerostin level in the 3(rd) month adjusted for baseline and randomization. Results showed the 52 participating women had a mean age of 55.2 (4.6) years, height 1.60 (0.07) m, weight 66.4 (8.6) kg, BMI 24.9 (2.9) kg/m(2) and were primarily Caucasian (91.2%). Baseline variables did not correlate with the baseline mean serum sclerostin level of 27.9 (10.2) pmol/L. Sclerostin had no statistically significant relationship with progesterone or placebo therapy during this RCT; mean changes were -1.07 and -2.60 pmol/L respectively. These data are the first evidence that progesterone neither increases nor decreases serum sclerostin levels. These data fit with the lack of menstrual cycle changes in sclerostin levels(1)(,2). That sclerostin did not correlate with age and BMI in this RCT is likely due to their low trial variance. A limitation of this study is the small sample size. However, it has considerable strength in its RCT design that can document causation. (1)Cidem M Gyn Obstetric Invest. 2012; (2)Liakou CG Endocrine 2016; (3)Van Lierop AH J Bone Miner Res 2011; (4)Hitchcock CL Menopause 2012.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"Supplement_1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of the Endocrine Society"}}},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/js.2019-sun-537","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94430694"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/js.2019-sun-537"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q94430694"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mon-lb042-health-related-quality-of-life-in-women-with-polycystic-ovary-syndromeanovulatory-androgen-excess-versus-local-population-based-control-women-from-the-british-columbia-canadian-multicentre-osteoporosis-rec9y4h3ufeqnf8db/","name":"MON-LB042 Health-Related Quality of Life in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/Anovulatory Androgen Excess versus Local Population-Based Control Women (from the British Columbia Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study [BC CaMos])","headline":"MON-LB042 Health-Related Quality of Life in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/Anovulatory Androgen Excess versus Local Population-Based Control Women (from the British Columbia Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study [BC CaMos])","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mon-lb042-health-related-quality-of-life-in-women-with-polycystic-ovary-syndromeanovulatory-androgen-excess-versus-local-population-based-control-women-from-the-british-columbia-canadian-multicentre-osteoporosis-rec9y4h3ufeqnf8db/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Shirin Kalyan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7458-0832","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Coastal Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bd8jh67"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tricia S. Tang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0105-1390","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Azita Goshtasebi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bernice Liang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2975-2361","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tricia Tang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1061-7034","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada"}}],"datePublished":"2019-04-15","abstract":"Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) affects 5-20% of reproductive-aged women and is associated with lower Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL)1,2,3. HRQoL in PCOS, however, is often determined in small or clinical samples with no or convenience sample controls. Our aim was to cross-sectionally compare generic SF-36 HRQoL results in community dwelling, physician-diagnosed women with PCOS to randomly selected age-similar local women. Women with PCOS/AAE had enrolled in two local studies (n = 93)4, and were eligible if they were non-menopausal and had PCOS based on Androgen Excess/PCOS Society criteria. Eligibility in both groups required age ≤53 years and, for controls, menstruation in the last year. Control women were from both Adult and Youth BC CaMos cohorts (n = 56). All completed the interviewer-administered CaMos questionnaire5. Statistical analysis used descriptive, T-test and multiple regression to explore relationships among HRQoL domains/component scores versus demographic, anthropomorphic and comorbid condition variables, particularly body mass index (BMI), physical activity patterns and combined hormonal contraceptive (CHC) usage. We compared SF-36 data in pre/perimenopausal women mean aged 34.5±10.0 (SD) years, BMI 27.5±7.5. After controlling for BMI, education, comorbidities and past use of CHC, all HRQoL domain and component scores were significantly lower in women with PCOS then in controls. Domain score differences of 5 are clinically important; PCOS women scored -5.8 to -19.9 points lower (mean -11.6) with the greatest difference for Emotional Role. The Physical Component summary score was -2.2 and the Mental Component summary -7.2 lower in women with PCOS compared with population-based controls; score differences of 2-3 are considered clinically important. In both groups, participation in regular exercise was the strongest predictor of higher overall HRQoL. In both cohorts, comorbidity negatively predicted the physical component score (PCS) of HRQoL; PCOS status negatively predicted the mental component score of HRQoL. PCS group differences became less significant as BMI increased, but MCS remained significantly different. This first comparison of the validated, generic SF-36 in pre/perimenopausal population-based versus women with PCOS documented highly significantly lower scores in women with PCOS on all domains and both components. These data confirm evidence that participation in regular exercise is related to better overall HRQoL in PCOS. Also, obesity in women with PCOS, in contrast to controls, was not associated with the overall HRQoL. We also found that CHC was associated with general health, mental health and mental component scores in women with PCOS. Ref.1Prior JCEM 2014; 2Alvarez-Blasco Clin Endo 2010; 3Azziz Fertil Steril 2009; 4Kalyan Sci Reports 2017; 5Kreiger Can J. Aging 1999. Unless otherwise noted, all abstracts presented at ENDO are embargoed until the date and time of presentation. For oral presentations, the abstracts are embargoed until the session begins. Abstracts presented at a news conference are embargoed until the date and time of the news conference. The Endocrine Society reserves the right to lift the embargo on specific abstracts that are selected for promotion prior to or during ENDO.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"Supplement_1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of the Endocrine Society"}}},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/js.2019-mon-lb042","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64940760"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/js.2019-mon-lb042"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q64940760"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prolactin-concentration-in-various-stages-of-endometriosis-in-infertile-women-recjl6wwsml1lnvf4/","name":"Prolactin concentration in various stages of endometriosis in infertile women","headline":"Prolactin concentration in various stages of endometriosis in infertile women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prolactin-concentration-in-various-stages-of-endometriosis-in-infertile-women-recjl6wwsml1lnvf4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Parvaneh Mirabi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8077-3569","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Babol University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02r5cmz65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Masoumeh Golsorkhtabaramiri","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1180-2247","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Babol University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02r5cmz65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mahshid Namdari","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7069-6977","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shahid Beheshti University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0091vmj44"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sedighe Esmaeilzadeh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1951-1367","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Babol University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02r5cmz65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Seyede Hanie Alamolhoda","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shahid Beheshti University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0091vmj44"}}],"datePublished":"2019-04-11","abstract":"Objective: The relation between excessive prolactin and endometriosis-related infertility is debatable. Anovulation or defective luteal phase occurs frequently due to hyperprolactinemia in subfertile women. In this investigation, we evaluated the association between serum prolactin levels and the severity of endometriosis.\n\nMethods: This retrospective cohort study carried out at the Babol Infertility Research Center looked into the baseline serum prolactin levels of 114 infertile women with endometriosis and compared them to the levels seen in 101 infertile women without endometriosis (controls). Statistical analysis included independent t-test, chi-square, Welch test and ROC curve analysis.\n\nResults: Infertile women with endometriosis had significantly higher serum prolactin levels than infertile women without endometriosis (p=0.003). A significant difference was detected between controls and individuals with endometriosis stages III/IV (p-value=0.009). Prolactin was found to have diagnostic value to detect endometriosis stages III/IV vs. stages I/II in AUC=0.65, 95% CI (0.55, 0.76). Prolactin values with a cut off set at 20.08 ng/mL had a sensitivity of 0.74 and specificity of 0.54 in detecting disease stages III/IV vs. I/II. The prognostic capability of prolactin in detecting endometriosis in cases vs. controls by ROC curve analysis had an AUC=+0.67, 95% CI (0.60, 0.74). Prolactin values with a cut off set at 17.5 ng/mL had a sensitivity of 0.64 and specificity of 0.63 in segregating subjects with and without endometriosis.\n\nConclusion: Higher prolactin levels were observed in infertile women with more severe endometriosis when compared to infertile women without endometriosis. Prolactin levels act as a probable prognostic biomarker to detect endometriosis stages III/IV vs. I/II and segregate infertile women with endometriosis from subjects without endometriosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"23","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JBRA Assisted Reproduction"}}},"pageStart":"225","pageEnd":"229","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.5935/1518-0557.20190020","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92999712"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.5935/1518-0557.20190020"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30969738"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92999712"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/systemic-administration-of-low-dose-naltrexone-increases-bone-mass-due-to-blocka-recmzppnvhhxbzaml/","name":"Systemic administration of low-dose naltrexone increases bone mass due to blockade of opioid growth factor receptor signaling in mice osteoblasts","headline":"Systemic administration of low-dose naltrexone increases bone mass due to blockade of opioid growth factor receptor signaling in mice osteoblasts","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/systemic-administration-of-low-dose-naltrexone-increases-bone-mass-due-to-blocka-recmzppnvhhxbzaml/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kenjiro Tanaka","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3098-4760","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aichi Gakuin University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01rwx7470"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hisataka Kondo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7373-9282","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aichi Gakuin University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01rwx7470"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kazunori Hamamura","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8143-338X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aichi Gakuin University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01rwx7470"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Akifumi Togari","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aichi Gakuin University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01rwx7470"}}],"datePublished":"2019-04-02","abstract":"AIMS: Opioid receptor blockers such as naloxone and naltrexone have been suggested to have a bone mass-increasing effect. However, the mechanisms at play have not been clarified. We examined the effects of naltrexone on osteoblasts and determined the expression of opioid growth factor receptor (OGFR) in osteoblasts. Naltrexone blocks the OGFR and other canonical opioid receptors. Thus, we designed experiments to clarify the effects of naltrexone on bone tissue by examining the physiological role of OGFR signaling in osteoblasts and the changes in bone structure after naltrexone systemic administration in mice.\n\nMAIN\n\nMETHODS: We used mouse osteoblast-like cell line MC3T3-E1 for in vitro experiments. We cultured MC3T3-E1 cells in the presence of the OGFR agonist met-enkephalin (met-enk). Then, we measured cell proliferation activity and analyzed the expression levels of cell proliferation-related genes. For our in vivo experiments, we administered naltrexone intraperitoneally to mice daily for 28 days and administered the animals in the control group equivalent volumes of saline. After sacrificing the mice, we performed micro-computed tomography and bone morphology analyses.\n\nKEY\n\nFINDINGS: Met-enk suppressed cell proliferation in MC3T3-E1 cells. Moreover, Low dose naltrexone administration significantly increased their femoral bone mass, bone formation ratio, and osteoblast number/bone surface values when comparing the values for the same variables in the control group.\n\nSIGNIFICANCE: Our results suggest that naltrexone increases bone mass due to osteoblast number increments caused by the OGFR signaling block. Opioid receptor blockers have potential as therapeutic agents for osteoporosis as well as opioid antagonists.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"224","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Life Sciences"}},"pageStart":"232","pageEnd":"240","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2019.03.069","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92727747"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.lfs.2019.03.069"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30930116"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92727747"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clinical-diagnosis-of-endometriosis-a-call-to-action-2fup4maj/","name":"Clinical diagnosis of endometriosis: a call to action","headline":"Clinical diagnosis of endometriosis: a call to action","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clinical-diagnosis-of-endometriosis-a-call-to-action-2fup4maj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sanjay K. Agarwal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8046-9807"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Charles Chapron","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2578-3163","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Délégation Paris 5","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02e0y6e06"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Linda C Giudice","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1677-0822","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marc R Laufer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6295-987X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leyland N","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3437-0723"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stacey A Missmer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1768-7705","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Michigan State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susheela Singh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6738-5089","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guttmacher Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01yrmk064"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Taylor HS","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1720-8310"}],"datePublished":"2019-04-01","abstract":"Endometriosis can have a profound impact on women's lives, including associated pain, infertility, decreased quality of life, and interference with daily life, relationships, and livelihood. The first step in alleviating these adverse sequelae is to diagnose the underlying condition. For many women, the journey to endometriosis diagnosis is long and fraught with barriers and misdiagnoses. Inherent challenges include a gold standard based on an invasive surgical procedure (laparoscopy) and diverse symptomatology, contributing to the well-established delay of 4-11 years from first symptom onset to surgical diagnosis. We believe that remedying the diagnostic delay requires increased patient education and timely referral to a women's healthcare provider and a shift in physician approach to the disorder. Endometriosis should be approached as a chronic, systemic, inflammatory, and heterogeneous disease that presents with symptoms of pelvic pain and/or infertility, rather than focusing primarily on surgical findings and pelvic lesions. Using this approach, symptoms, signs, and clinical findings of endometriosis are anticipated to become the main drivers of clinical diagnosis and earlier intervention. Combining these factors into a practical algorithm is expected to simplify endometriosis diagnosis and make the process accessible to more clinicians and patients, culminating in earlier effective management. The time has come to bridge disparities and to minimize delays in endometriosis diagnosis and treatment for the benefit of women worldwide.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2018.12.039","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90963876"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ajog.2018.12.039"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30625295"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q90963876"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-role-of-the-midwife-in-the-therapy-of-infertility-in-poland-in-the-opinion-o-recndex9vdgi3knyg/","name":"The role of the midwife in the therapy of infertility in Poland in the opinion of patients","headline":"The role of the midwife in the therapy of infertility in Poland in the opinion of patients","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-role-of-the-midwife-in-the-therapy-of-infertility-in-poland-in-the-opinion-o-recndex9vdgi3knyg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ewa Dmoch–Gajzlerska","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1244-6531"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Grażyna Bączek","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7897-9499"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marta Neneman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9541-4032"}],"datePublished":"2019-03-29","abstract":"Background. Infertility is a disease of the reproductive system manifesting with the inability to get pregnant within a minimum of 12 months. In diagnosing infertility and the therapeutic process, pharmacotherapy, surgery and assisted reproductive technology are used. In Poland, the NaProTechnology program is also available, which is a diagnostic and therapeutic method of reproductive health disorders without utilizing assisted reproduction. The midwife can play an important role in the care of the infertile couple.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nursing and Public Health"}}},"pageStart":"41","pageEnd":"49","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.17219/pzp/93531","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128175077"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.17219/pzp/93531"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q128175077"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/role-of-maternal-age-and-pregnancy-history-in-risk-of-miscarriage-prospective-re-4ry4pl6s/","name":"Role of maternal age and pregnancy history in risk of miscarriage: prospective register based study","headline":"Role of maternal age and pregnancy history in risk of miscarriage: prospective register based study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/role-of-maternal-age-and-pregnancy-history-in-risk-of-miscarriage-prospective-re-4ry4pl6s/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Magnus MC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A J Wilcox","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3376-1311","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, PO Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Morken NH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C R Weinberg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7713-8556","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Håberg SE"}],"datePublished":"2019-03-20","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: To estimate the burden of miscarriage in the Norwegian population and to evaluate the associations with maternal age and pregnancy history. DESIGN: Prospective register based study. SETTING: Medical Birth Register of Norway, the Norwegian Patient Register, and the induced abortion register. PARTICIPANTS: All Norwegian women that were pregnant between 2009-13. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Risk of miscarriage according to the woman's age and pregnancy history estimated by logistic regression. RESULTS: There were 421,201 pregnancies during the study period. The risk of miscarriage was lowest in women aged 25-29 (10%), and rose rapidly after age 30, reaching 53% in women aged 45 and over. There was a strong recurrence risk of miscarriage, with age adjusted odds ratios of 1.54 (95% CI 1.48 to 1.60) after one miscarriage, 2.21 (2.03 to 2.41) after two, and 3.97 (3.29 to 4.78) after three consecutive miscarriages. The risk of miscarriage was modestly increased if the previous birth ended in a preterm delivery (aOR 1.22, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.29), stillbirth (1.30, 1.11 to 1.53), caesarean section (1.16, 1.12 to 1.21), or if the woman had gestational diabetes in the previous pregnancy (1.19, 1.05 to 1.36). The risk of miscarriage was slightly higher in women who themselves had been small for gestational age (1.08, 1.04 to 1.13). CONCLUSIONS: The risk of miscarriage varies greatly with maternal age, shows a strong pattern of recurrence, and is also increased after some adverse pregnancy outcomes. Miscarriage and other pregnancy complications might share underlying causes, which could be biological conditions or unmeasured common risk factors.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l869","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64069003"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj.l869"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30894356"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q64069003"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/developing-and-trialling-a-schoolbased-ovulatorymenstrual-health-literacy-progra-baavdzfv/","name":"Developing and trialling a school-based ovulatory-menstrual health literacy programme for adolescent girls: a quasi-experimental mixed-method protocol","headline":"Developing and trialling a school-based ovulatory-menstrual health literacy programme for adolescent girls: a quasi-experimental mixed-method protocol","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/developing-and-trialling-a-schoolbased-ovulatorymenstrual-health-literacy-progra-baavdzfv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Roux F","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0982-149X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Burns S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1551-2805"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chih HJ","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9294-0996"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hendriks J","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1177-8980"}],"datePublished":"2019-03-20","abstract":"INTRODUCTION: A review of international and Australian school-based resources suggests that teaching of the ovulatory-menstrual (OM) cycle is predominantly couched in biology. A whole-person framework that integrates spiritual, intellectual, social and emotional dimensions with the physical changes of the OM cycle is needed to facilitate adolescent OM health literacy. This paper describes the protocol for a study that aims to develop and trial an intervention for adolescent girls aged 13-16 years that enhances positive attitudes towards OM health coupled with developing skills to monitor and self-report OM health. These skills aim to foster acceptance of the OM cycle as a 'vital sign' and facilitate confident communication of common OM disturbances (namely, dysmenorrhoea, abnormal uterine bleeding and premenstrual syndrome), which are known to impact school and social activities.\n\nMETHODS AND ANALYSIS: Phase I will comprise a Delphi panel of women's health specialists, public health professionals and curriculum consultants and focus groups with adolescent girls, teachers and school healthcare professionals. This will inform the development of an intervention to facilitate OM health literacy. The Delphi panel will also inform the development of a valid and reliable questionnaire to evaluate OM health literacy. Phase II will trial the intervention with a convenience sample of at least 175 adolescent girls from one single-sex school. The mixed-method evaluation of the intervention will include a pre-intervention and post-intervention questionnaire. One-on-one interviews with teachers and school healthcare professionals will expand the understanding of the barriers, enablers and suitability of implementation of the intervention in a school-based setting. Finally, focus groups with purposively selected trial participants will further refine the intervention.\n\nETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The study findings will be disseminated through local community seminars, conferences, peer-review articles and media channels where appropriate. The Curtin University of Human Research Ethics Committee has approved this study (approval HRE2018-0101). This project is registered with the 'Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry'.\n\nTRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ACTRN12619000031167; Pre-results.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ open"}}},"pageStart":"e023582","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023582","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64069034"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023582"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30898802"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q64069034"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/perfect--and-typical-use-effectiveness-of-the-dot-fertility-app-over-13-cycles-r-recwnwgjk0tvajhzl/","name":"Perfect- and typical-use effectiveness of the Dot fertility app over 13 cycles:  results from a prospective contraceptive effectiveness trial","headline":"Perfect- and typical-use effectiveness of the Dot fertility app over 13 cycles:  results from a prospective contraceptive effectiveness trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/perfect--and-typical-use-effectiveness-of-the-dot-fertility-app-over-13-cycles-r-recwnwgjk0tvajhzl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Victoria Jennings","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9447-4260","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rebecca G Simmons","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3516-4585","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dominick Shattuck","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8473-2505","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Liya T Haile","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9170-4879","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jeff Spieler","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Independent Consultant in Population and Reproductive Health, Bethesda, MD, USA"}}],"datePublished":"2019-03-19","abstract":"Objective: Dynamic Optimal Timing (Dot) is a smartphone application (app) that estimates the menstrual cycle fertile window based on the user's menstrual period start dates. Dot uses machine learning to adapt to cycles over time and informs users of 'low' and 'high' fertility days. We investigated Dot's effectiveness, calculating perfectand typical-use failure rates.\n\nMethods: This prospective, 13 cycle observational study (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02833922) followed 718 women who were using Dot to prevent pregnancy. Participants contributed 6616 cycles between February 2017 and October 2018, providing data on menstrual period start dates, daily sexual activity and prospective intent to prevent pregnancy. We determined pregnancy through participant-administered urine pregnancy tests and/or written or verbal confirmation. We calculated perfectand typical-use failure rates using multi-censoring, single-decrement life-table analysis, and conducted sensitivity, attrition and survival analyses.\n\nResults: The perfect-use failure rate was calculated to be 1.0% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.9%, 2.9%) and the typical-use failure rate was 5.0% (95% CI: 3.4%, 6.6%) for women aged 18-39 (n = 718). Survival analyses identified no significant differences among age or racial/ethnic groups or women in different types of relationships. Attrition analyses revealed no significant sociodemographic differences, except in age, between women completing 13 cycles and those exiting the study earlier.\n\nConclusion: Dot's effectiveness is within the range of other user-initiated contraceptive methods.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care : the Official  Journal of the European Society of Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"148","pageEnd":"153","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/13625187.2019.1581164","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92423427"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/13625187.2019.1581164"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30880509"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92423427"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-role-of-lymphocytes-in-fetal-development-and-recurrent-pregnancy-loss-recuipyebh02d2tm3/","name":"The role of lymphocytes in fetal development and recurrent pregnancy loss","headline":"The role of lymphocytes in fetal development and recurrent pregnancy loss","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-role-of-lymphocytes-in-fetal-development-and-recurrent-pregnancy-loss-recuipyebh02d2tm3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jan Modzelewski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2648-7921","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03jgmfc14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michał Rabijewski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2049-7427","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03jgmfc14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Kajdy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3581-8120","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03jgmfc14"}}],"datePublished":"2019-03-13","abstract":"Fetal survival and development is supported by the maternal immune system. Questions regarding those mechanisms have risen from development of transplantation medicine and observation of graft rejection. Initial theories of anatomic division, fetal immune immaturity and maternal immune system inertia were found incorrect. Rejection of fetal \"semi-allograft\" by maternal immune system could result in pregnancy loss. Two pregnancy losses of any etiology are considered recurrent and effort should be made to name the probable cause. Immune causes of pregnancy loss are probably multifactorial, thus difficult to research and implement findings in clinical practice. Although a full understating of pregnancy loss is not established, new therapies are being developed. This review summarizes the role of lymphocytes in pregnancy development, presents data from studies on recurrent pregnancy loss patients, evidence of new therapies and ESHRE guidelines regarding immunologic investigations.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"90","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Ginekologia Polska"}}},"pageStart":"109","pageEnd":"113","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.5603/GP.2019.0019","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92294411"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.5603/GP.2019.0019"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30860279"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92294411"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/uterine-scar-rupture---prediction-prevention-diagnosis-and-management-recujrsyxx4dp81po/","name":"Uterine scar rupture - Prediction, prevention, diagnosis, and management","headline":"Uterine scar rupture - Prediction, prevention, diagnosis, and management","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/uterine-scar-rupture---prediction-prevention-diagnosis-and-management-recujrsyxx4dp81po/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Vasilios Tanos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4695-4630","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Nicosia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04v18t651"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zara Abigail Toney","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1449-9642","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Nicosia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04v18t651"}}],"datePublished":"2019-03-07","abstract":"The increasing rate of elective and indicated caesarean sections worldwide has led to new pathologies and management challenges. The number of patients undergoing trial of labor after caesarean section (TOLAC) is also increasing. Three professional societies provide detailed guidelines based on scientific evidence for the management of patients attempting vaginal birth after caesarean section (VBAC). However, they do not provide any recommendations for the actual surgical steps to be followed to minimize the risks of uterine rupture (UR) during TOLAC. Uterine scar condition, intrapartum management and maternal health status correlate to uterine scar rupture risk and provide guidance for parturient TOLAC eligibility. TOLAC and vaginal delivery success rate as reported by the largest studies is between 60% and 77%. Uterine rupture is more prevalent in VBAC-2 patients (1.59%) in contrast to VBAC-1 (0.72%). Additionally, VBAC-2 patients have higher incidence of caesarean hysterectomy 0.56% vs. 0.19% for VBAC-1. The chances of successful VBAC increase when the interpregnancy/interdelivery interval is less than 6.3 years and less than 24 months, respectively. No difference was detected between the techniques of uterine incision closure of the previous CS and TOLAC results, although closure of the CS uterine incision in 2 layers seems to be practiced more widely. Niche or isthmocele presents another complication of CS. Secondary infertility due to niche, will eventually direct to hysteroscopic or laparoscopic repair, depending on the residual myometrial thickness (RMT) as measured by US scan. When RMT is below 3 mm or 2.5 mm surgery can be performed, to prevent any spontaneous UR in case of pregnancy. Monitoring by US scanning of hysterotomy scar after myomectomy can detect hematoma. In patients with severe postoperative pain but hemodynamically stable follow up by US scan examination can direct the management decision. In those patients with active bleeding and deterioration of hysterotomy scar edema will be an indication to surgery. There is no firm evidence regarding which type of thread, knotting or sequence of suturing is more favorable to reduce the risk of UR after VBAC or hysterotomy after myomectomy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"59","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Best Practice & Research. Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology"}},"pageStart":"115","pageEnd":"131","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2019.01.009","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92147188"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2019.01.009"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30837118"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92147188"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-maternal-prenatal-acetaminophen-use-with-the-risk-of-attention-de-0wgzczct/","name":"Association of maternal prenatal acetaminophen use with the risk of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in offspring: A meta-analysis","headline":"Association of maternal prenatal acetaminophen use with the risk of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in offspring: A meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-maternal-prenatal-acetaminophen-use-with-the-risk-of-attention-de-0wgzczct/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Gou X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yuanyuan Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7687-7816","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"City of Hope","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01z1vct10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tang Y"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qu Y"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tang J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shi J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiao D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mu D"}],"datePublished":"2019-03-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Acetaminophen is a widely used medication for fever and pain management during pregnancy. However, recent studies have found a possible connection between maternal prenatal acetaminophen use and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children.\n\nOBJECTIVE: We aimed to explore the association between maternal acetaminophen use during pregnancy and the risk of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in offspring.\n\nDATA SOURCES: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library were searched from their initial publications through November 2018 for studies.\n\nSTUDY SELECTION: We included all studies that examined the association between maternal acetaminophen use during pregnancy and the risk of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in offspring if the authors reported odds ratios, risk ratios, hazard ratios, regression coefficient, standard error and 95% confidence intervals.\n\nDATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: Two reviewers independently extracted data on the definition of exposure and outcome, exposed, non-exposed and total number of participants in the sample population, adjusted potential confounders and outcome parameters. Study quality was also assessed.\n\nRESULTS: Eight cohort studies with a total of 244,940 participants were included. Maternal exposure to acetaminophen during pregnancy increased the risk of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in offspring with a pooled adjusted risk ratio of 1.25 (95% confidence interval = [1.17, 1.34]). Children exposed prenatally to acetaminophen in the third trimester seemed to have the greatest risk of developing attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (risk ratio: 1.26; 95% confidence interval = [1.08, 1.47]). In addition, a longer duration of maternal acetaminophen use during pregnancy was correlated with a higher risk ratio. Children whose mothers used acetaminophen for 28 or more days during gestation had a higher risk of developing attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (risk ratio: 1.63; 95% confidence interval = [1.23, 2.16]).\n\nCONCLUSION: There is an association between maternal acetaminophen use during pregnancy and the risk of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in offspring. The timing and duration of acetaminophen use during pregnancy may have a major effect on the risk of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"53","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry"}}},"pageStart":"195","pageEnd":"206","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/0004867418823276","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91094667"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/0004867418823276"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30654621"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91094667"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/increased-preeclampsia-risk-and-reduced-aortic-compliance-with-in-vitro-fertiliz-gbhw8wcb/","name":"Increased Preeclampsia Risk and Reduced Aortic Compliance With In Vitro Fertilization Cycles in the Absence of a Corpus Luteum","headline":"Increased Preeclampsia Risk and Reduced Aortic Compliance With In Vitro Fertilization Cycles in the Absence of a Corpus Luteum","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/increased-preeclampsia-risk-and-reduced-aortic-compliance-with-in-vitro-fertiliz-gbhw8wcb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"von Versen-Höynck F","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1924-5695"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amelia M. Schaub","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pammg90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chi YY"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chiu KH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jueli Liu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5815-2483","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang A & F University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vj4rn06"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lingis M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stan Williams R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rhoton-Vlasak A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8859-4370"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nichols WW","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1927-7950"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fleischmann RR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhang, De Wei","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8369-9264"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Winn VD","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1136-2907"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Segal MS","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5502-2042"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Conrad KP","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4748-5765"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Baker VL","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1762-7339"}],"datePublished":"2019-03-01","abstract":"In vitro fertilization involving frozen embryo transfer and donor oocytes increases preeclampsia risk. These in vitro fertilization protocols typically yield pregnancies without a corpus luteum (CL), which secretes vasoactive hormones. We investigated whether in vitro fertilization pregnancies without a CL disrupt maternal circulatory adaptations and increase preeclampsia risk. Women with 0 (n=26), 1 (n=23), or >1 (n=22) CL were serially evaluated before, during, and after pregnancy. Because increasing arterial compliance is a major physiological adaptation in pregnancy, we assessed carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity and transit time. In a parallel prospective cohort study, obstetric outcomes for singleton livebirths achieved with autologous oocytes were compared between groups by CL number (n=683). The expected decline in carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity and rise in carotid-femoral transit time during the first trimester were attenuated in the 0-CL compared with combined single/multiple-CL cohorts, which were similar (group-time interaction: P=0.06 and 0.03, respectively). The blunted changes of carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity and carotid-femoral transit time from prepregnancy in the 0-CL cohort were most striking at 10 to 12 weeks of gestation ( P=0.01 and 0.006, respectively, versus 1 and >1 CL). Zero CL was predictive of preeclampsia (adjusted odds ratio, 2.73; 95% CI, 1.14-6.49) and preeclampsia with severe features (6.45; 95% CI, 1.94-25.09) compared with 1 CL. Programmed frozen embryo transfer cycles (0 CL) were associated with higher rates of preeclampsia (12.8% versus 3.9%; P=0.02) and preeclampsia with severe features (9.6% versus 0.8%; P=0.002) compared with modified natural frozen embryo transfer cycles (1 CL). In common in vitro fertilization protocols, absence of the CL perturbed the maternal circulation in early pregnancy and increased the incidence of preeclampsia.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"73","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)"}}},"pageStart":"640","pageEnd":"649","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.118.12043","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91017286"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.118.12043"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30636552"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91017286"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/anaemia-and-depletion-of-iron-stores-as-risk-factors-for-postpartum-depression-a-gxio8x8u/","name":"Anaemia and depletion of iron stores as risk factors for postpartum depression: a literature review","headline":"Anaemia and depletion of iron stores as risk factors for postpartum depression: a literature review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/anaemia-and-depletion-of-iron-stores-as-risk-factors-for-postpartum-depression-a-gxio8x8u/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Wassef A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D. Q. Nguyen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"City of Hope","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01z1vct10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"St-André M"}],"datePublished":"2019-03-01","abstract":"PURPOSE: Iron-deficiency and anaemia are common in pregnant and postpartum women because of increasing iron demand and blood loss. Many women also enter pregnancy with pre-depleted iron stores. We reviewed the evidence linking anaemia and/or iron-deficiency to postpartum depression (PPD).\n\nMETHODS: We identified seventeen studies in four databases including randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies assessing the impact of anaemia, iron-deficiency and iron supplementation on the risk of PPD. We extracted data on sample size, geographical region, obstetrical complications, measures of depression, haemoglobin, iron levels and intake of iron supplementation and critically appraised the results from the studies.\n\nRESULTS: Eight out of ten studies found higher risk for PPD (r - 0.19 to -0.43 and ORs 1.70-4.64) in anaemic women. Low ferritin in the postpartum period but not during pregnancy was associated with increased risk of PPD. Iron supplementation in the postpartum period decreased risk of PPD in four out of five studies, whereas it did not protect from PPD if given during pregnancy. Limitations include study heterogeneity, discrepancy of prevalence of PPD and usage of a screening tool for evaluation of PPD.\n\nCONCLUSION: Anaemia and/or iron-deficiency may contribute to PPD in at-risk women. Further studies should elucidate the association between these entities.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"40","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of psychosomatic obstetrics and gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"19","pageEnd":"28","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/0167482X.2018.1427725","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47648251"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/0167482X.2018.1427725"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29363366"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47648251"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/zinc-status-and-polycystic-ovarian-syndrome-a-systematic-review-and-metaanalysis-rthaa8hp/","name":"Zinc status and polycystic ovarian syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis","headline":"Zinc status and polycystic ovarian syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/zinc-status-and-polycystic-ovarian-syndrome-a-systematic-review-and-metaanalysis-rthaa8hp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mehrandokht Abedini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2822-5936"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ghaedi E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hadi A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mohammadi H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amani R","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0074-4080"}],"datePublished":"2019-03-01","abstract":"Several studies have investigated serum zinc levels in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), but the results of these studies remain inconclusive. Therefore, to derive a more precise estimation, we conducted a meta-analysis to investigate serum zinc concentrations in women with PCOS in comparison with healthy subjects. Electronic search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, and Google scholar up to April; 4, 2018 without any restriction. Eligible studies that evaluated the levels of zinc status in subjects with PCOS were included. Weighted mean differences (WMDs) with corresponding 95% CIs in serum zinc levels were initially estimated using a random-effects model. Eight studies, measuring circulating zinc levels in 552 PCOS and 464 control subjects, were included. Pooled effect size suggested that serum zinc levels in women with PCOS were not statistically different than their controls (WMD = -4.43 mg/dL; 95% CI = [-10.30, 1.44]; P = 0.139). Exclusion of one study revealed that women with PCOS significantly have lower serum zinc levels compared to healthy controls (WMD: -6.60 mg/dL; 95% CI = [-12.43, -0.76], P = 0.027). Our study indicated that circulating zinc levels in women with PCOS were significantly lower than those in healthy controls when detailed analysis is conducted. Large scale studies are needed to elucidate clear relation between zinc status and etiology of PCOS.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"52","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS)"}},"pageStart":"216","pageEnd":"221","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtemb.2019.01.002","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91407262"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jtemb.2019.01.002"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30732885"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91407262"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-radiology-of-osteoporotic-vertebral-fractures-revisited-recmrd3dtirexprso/","name":"The Radiology of Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures Revisited","headline":"The Radiology of Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures Revisited","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-radiology-of-osteoporotic-vertebral-fractures-revisited-recmrd3dtirexprso/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Brian Lentle"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fjorda Koromani","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6942-5889","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of EpidemiologyUniversity Medical Center RotterdamErasmus MCRotterdamThe Netherlands"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ling Oei","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3523-458X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Departments of Internal Medicine and Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leanne M. Ward","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1557-9185","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Ottawa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03c4mmv16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fernando Rivadeneira","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9435-9441","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Departments of Internal Medicine and EpidemiologyErasmus MCRotterdamThe Netherlands","sameAs":"https://ror.org/057w15z03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"William D Leslie","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1056-1691","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02gfys938"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Linda Probyn","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2669-4173","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Medical ImagingUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/000hkd473"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ian Hammond","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5225-3144","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ottawa Hospital-General Campus, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Angela M Cheung","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8332-0744","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Medicine and Joint Department of Medical Imaging, Centre of Excellence in Skeletal Health Assessment, University Health NetworkUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E H G Oei","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7155-8515","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Erasmus MC","sameAs":"https://ror.org/018906e22"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vertebral Fracture Research Groups of the CaMos, STOPP, and Rotterdam Studies"},{"@type":"Person","name":"on behalf of the Vertebral Fracture Research Groups of the CaMos, STOPP, and Rotterdam Studies"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1406-4251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}}],"datePublished":"2019-02-27","abstract":"Until recently there has been little evidence available to validate any method by which to make an accurate diagnosis of an osteoporotic vertebral fractures (OVFs) from plain radiographs. In part this reflects a lack of a completely satisfactory \"gold standard,\" but primarily it relates to the absence of well-designed prospective studies in this context. Historically, OVFs were recognized by evidence of macroscopic structural failure in vertebrae using the criteria applied elsewhere in the skeleton. This comprised altered alignment, fragmentation, cortical disruptions, and breaks, among other changes. However, these morphological criteria were replaced by vertebral morphometry, referring to the use of quantitative or quasi-quantitative measurement tools for fracture diagnosis. Vertebral morphometry emerged as an understanding of and treatment for osteoporosis evolved, mainly in response to the need for expeditious assessments of large numbers of spine images for epidemiological and pharmaceutical purposes. Although most of the descriptions of such morphometric tools have stressed that they were not to be applied to clinical diagnosis with respect to individual patients, this constraint has been widely disregarded. Here we review the major attempts to develop a diagnostic strategy for OVF and describe their characteristics in adults and children. Recent evidence suggests that morphometric (quantitative; ie, based on measurement of dimensions and shape description) criteria are inferior to morphologic (qualitative; ie, based on structural integrity) vertebral damage assessment in identifying people with low bone density and at an increased risk of future fracture. Thus there is now an evidentiary basis for suggesting that morphological assessment is the preferred strategy for use in diagnosing OVF from radiographs.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"34","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"J Bone Miner Res"}}},"pageStart":"409","pageEnd":"418","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.3669","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91055951"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/jbmr.3669"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30645770"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91055951"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/demographic-and-lifestyle-determinants-of-time-spent-in-physical-activity-among--rec2tx2mbenquwaez/","name":"Demographic and lifestyle determinants of time spent in physical activity among  Malaysian adolescents","headline":"Demographic and lifestyle determinants of time spent in physical activity among  Malaysian adolescents","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/demographic-and-lifestyle-determinants-of-time-spent-in-physical-activity-among--rec2tx2mbenquwaez/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yong Kang Cheah","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6793-7055","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Northern University of Malaysia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ss10648"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hock Kuang Lim","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9364-2536","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute for Medical Research, Jalan Pahang, 50588 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chee Cheong Kee","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1372-9549","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute for Medical Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bpc5f92"}}],"datePublished":"2019-02-26","abstract":"BACKGROUND AND Objectives: The objective of the present study is to examine factors affecting time spent in physical activity among adolescents in Malaysia. PATIENTS AND\n\nMethods: A nationally representative data of adolescents that consists of 25399 respondents is used. The demographic (age, gender, education) and lifestyle (fruits and vegetables consumption, carbonated soft drink consumption, cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, sex behaviour, participation in physical education class, obesity) determinants of physical activity are assessed using binomial regression.\n\nResults: The results show that age is negatively associated with time spent in physical activity. However, being male and education levels are positively related to time spent in physical activity. Having unhealthy lifestyle and being obese are associated with low levels of physical activity. Physical education seems to promote participation in physical activity.\n\nConclusion: In conclusion, demographic and lifestyle factors play an important role in determining levels of physical activity among adolescents. In order to reduce the prevalence of physically inactive adolescents, policy makers should focus primarily on late adolescents, females, adolescents who engage in unhealthy lifestyle and seldom attend physical education classes, as well as obese adolescents.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"49","pageEnd":"54","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpam.2018.02.001","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64986048"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ijpam.2018.02.001"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30805533"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q64986048"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hemoperitoneum-after-ovulation-in-systemic-lupus-erythematosus-and-autoimmune-th-recgrtmv68nxq3z9s/","name":"Hemoperitoneum after Ovulation in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Autoimmune  Thrombocytopenia","headline":"Hemoperitoneum after Ovulation in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Autoimmune  Thrombocytopenia","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hemoperitoneum-after-ovulation-in-systemic-lupus-erythematosus-and-autoimmune-th-recgrtmv68nxq3z9s/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sushmita Sen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0103-956X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Mary's Health Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xnecb03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cara Buskmiller","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1313-1192","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women’s Health, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Henri Rosenberg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2562-4421","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA"}}],"datePublished":"2019-02-23","abstract":"Background: Three prior cases of hemoperitoneum associated with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) have been reported in adolescents. This reports a case of hemoperitoneum after ovulation in an adult. CASE: A 34-year-old nulligravida presented with abdominal pain after a heavy period and rebound tenderness. Urine beta-hCG was negative, hemoglobin was 5.4, and platelet count was zero. CT revealed hemoperitoneum and contrast blush surrounding the left ovary. She was treated for newly diagnosed systemic lupus erythematosus and steroid-refractory ITP. Her platelet count and symptoms improved.\n\nConclusion: Hemoperitoneum after ovulation in ITP is rare; this represents the first adult case in the literature and reviews differential diagnosis of thrombocytopenia. The obstetrician/gynecologist is part of a multidisciplinary team caring for patients with bleeding of gynecological origin and should withhold surgical intervention for hemoperitoneum when medical therapy is warranted.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2019","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Case Reports in Obstetrics and Gynecology"}},"pageStart":"7201650","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/7201650","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64229751"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1155/2019/7201650"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30792931"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q64229751"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/naltrexone-a-history-and-future-directions-recyrtwfh8bpckq09/","name":"Naltrexone: A History and Future Directions","headline":"Naltrexone: A History and Future Directions","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/naltrexone-a-history-and-future-directions-recyrtwfh8bpckq09/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mark S Gold"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Benjamin Srivastava"}],"datePublished":"2019-02-13","abstract":"Trying to kick drug addiction without medicines is said to be like relying on willpower to overcome diabetes or asthma. Enter naltrexone, which has been around since 1984 and reduces the cravings for drugs and alcohol by fine-tuning the brain's chemical reward system. Why has it recently increased in popularity? How does it compare to similar strategies? Has it made a difference? Our authors, who have long studied addiction and the brain, confront a drug and alcohol addiction problem that today kills more Americans each day than gun violence or car accidents.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2018","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cerebrum : the Dana Forum on Brain Science"}},"pageStart":"cer-13-18","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91470058","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30746025"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91470058"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/textile-contact-dermatitis-how-fabrics-can-induce-dermatitis-2imsvjmr/","name":"Textile Contact Dermatitis: How Fabrics Can Induce Dermatitis","headline":"Textile Contact Dermatitis: How Fabrics Can Induce Dermatitis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/textile-contact-dermatitis-how-fabrics-can-induce-dermatitis-2imsvjmr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Svedman C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Engfeldt M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Malinauskiene L"}],"datePublished":"2019-02-08","abstract":"Purpose of the review: Textile dermatitis can sometimes be difficult to diagnose due to the fact that it is difficult to clinically suspect, and when allergic, patch test correctly and advice the patient as to what garments to avoid. Recent findings: The textile fibres as such are rarely the causative agent. Allergic contact dermatitis due to textiles is primarily caused by substances that are used to give the material certain qualities or performances. The textile dye mix, now in the baseline series, has proven to be a useful tool in diagnosing allergic contact dermatitis but additional patch testing with own material is advocated. Future research will hopefully facilitate the diagnostic procedure. Summary: This review is a short update on textile dermatitis, both irritant and allergic, the present recommendations regarding patch testing when suspecting contact allergy and the advice to give to those allergic that will hopefully help the clinician in daily work.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Current Treatment Options in Allergy"}}},"pageStart":"103","pageEnd":"111","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40521-019-0197-5","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s40521-019-0197-5"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/incident-fragility-fractures-have-a-long-term-negative-impact-on-health-related--recdne2v4uhwk57w8/","name":"Incident Fragility Fractures Have a Long-Term Negative Impact on Health-Related Quality of Life of Older People: The Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study","headline":"Incident Fragility Fractures Have a Long-Term Negative Impact on Health-Related Quality of Life of Older People: The Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/incident-fragility-fractures-have-a-long-term-negative-impact-on-health-related--recdne2v4uhwk57w8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sayem Borhan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2821-0849","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Olga Gajic‐Veljanoski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5024-1641","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hamilton Health Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02dqdxm48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Olga Gajic-Veljanoski","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hamilton Health Sciences–Geriatric Education and Research in Aging Sciences (GERAS) CentreHamiltonONCanada"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C C Kennedy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2747-3268"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Ioannidis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6956-5737","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudie Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5499-2661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher S Kovacs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5219-9993","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John’s, NL, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04haebc03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S M Kaiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3222-3711","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Angela M Cheung","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8332-0744","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Medicine and Joint Department of Medical Imaging, Centre of Excellence in Skeletal Health Assessment, University Health NetworkUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lehana Thabane","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8307-3568","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Impact","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05d9dsr70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"for the CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandra Papaioannou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9412-0932","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Hanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert G Josse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-6264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephanie M Kaiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7183-5754","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Suzanne N Morin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4317-492X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}}],"datePublished":"2019-02-05","abstract":"Although the short-term impact of incident fragility fractures on health-related quality of life (HRQL) of older people has been confirmed, we lack long-term evidence. We explored the impact of incident fragility fractures on HRQL, among people aged 50 years and older, using 10-year prospective data from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos). This study was based on data from 7753 (2187 men and 5566 women) participants of CaMos. The HRQL, measured through the Health Utility Index (HUI), was captured at baseline and year 10. The incident fragility fractures were recorded over 10 years of follow-up at spine, hip, rib, shoulder, pelvis, or forearm. Multivariable regression analysis was conducted to measure the mean difference, termed as deficit, in the HUI scores for participants with and without fractures. We examined the effects of single or multiple fragility fractures, time (fractures that occurred between year 1 to 5 and 6 to 10) and recovery to the prefracture level. Incident spine and hip fractures were associated with significant deficits (varied from -0.19 to -0.07) on the HUI scores. Hip and spine fractures were associated with negative impact on mobility, self-care, and ambulation. Fractures that occurred closer to the follow-up assessment were associated with significant impact on HRQL compared to fractures occurring a long time before it, except for hip fracture (deficits lasted 5 years or longer). Similarly, multiple hip (-0.14), spine (-0.16), and rib (-0.21) fractures significantly impacted the HRQL of women. Women with a hip fracture never recovered to their prefracture level score (OR = 0.41; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.19 to 0.98). Our analysis suggests that single and multiple hip fractures as well as multiple spine and rib fractures strongly impact the HRQL of older people over a prolonged period of time.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"34","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"J Bone Miner Res"}}},"pageStart":"838","pageEnd":"848","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.3666","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91364306"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/jbmr.3666"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30723960"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91364306"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-body-weight-among-hormonal-and-nonhormonal-users-in-a-malaysian-co-ktzurnsz/","name":"Comparison of body weight among hormonal and non-hormonal users in a Malaysian cohort","headline":"Comparison of body weight among hormonal and non-hormonal users in a Malaysian cohort","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-body-weight-among-hormonal-and-nonhormonal-users-in-a-malaysian-co-ktzurnsz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ibrahim H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tengku Ismail TA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hashim N"}],"datePublished":"2019-02-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: Weight gain remains an issue for contraceptive users due to the high prevalence of obesity. This retrospective study compares the weight gain between hormonal and non-hormonal contraceptive users in government health clinics in Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia.\n\nMETHODS: A total of 380 women who had used the same contraceptive method for at least twelve months were recruited in this study. Covariance analysis was done to compare the weight gain between hormonal and non-hormonal contraceptive users, while studying the same confounders [age, household income, number of pregnancies, and baseline body mass index (BMI)].\n\nRESULTS: Hormonal methods were more commonly used. The mean weight gain among hormonal users (adjusted mean 2.85, 95% CI 2.45, 3.24) was significantly higher than non-hormonal users (adjusted mean 0.46, 95% CI -0.73, 1.65; p-value <0.001), after controlling for age, household income, number of pregnancies, and baseline BMI.\n\nCONCLUSION: The possibility of weight gain following the use of hormonal methods should be investigated and non-hormonal methods should be considered to prevent weight gain.\n\nأهداف البحث: لا تزال زيادة الوزن قضية، لمستخدمات وسائل منع الحمل بسبب زيادة الوزن وانتشار معدل السمنة. تهدف هذه الدراسة المرجعية لمقارنة زيادة الوزن بين موانع الحمل الهرمونية وغير الهرمونية في عيادات الصحة الحكومية في مدينة بهارو، كلنتان، ماليزيا.\n\nطرق البحث: تم مشاركة ما مجموعه ٣٨٠ سيدة من اللواتي استخدمن نفس وسيلة منع الحمل لمدة ١٢ شهرا في هذه الدراسة. تم عمل تحليل التباين لمقارنة زيادة الوزن بين مستخدمات موانع الحمل الهرمونية وغير الهرمونية، أثناء دراسة نفس العوامل (العمر، ودخل الأسرة، وعدد مرات الحمل ومؤشر كتلة الجسم الأساسي).\n\nالنتائج: كانت الطرق الهرمونية هي الأكثر شيوعا. متوسط زيادة الوزن بين مستخدمات الهرمون (المتوسط المعدل ٢.٨، فاصل الثقة ٩٥٪ ٢.٤٥، ٣.٢٤) أعلى بكثير من مستخدمات الطرق غير الهرمونية (المتوسط المعدل ٠.٤٦، فاصل الثقة ٠.٧٣-، ١.٦٥) بعد التحكم في العمر، ودخل الأسرة، وعدد مرات الحمل ومؤشر كتلة الجسم الأساسي.\n\nالاستنتاجات: ينبغي التحقق من إمكانية زيادة الوزن بعد استخدام الطرق الهرمونية وينبغي النظر في خيارات أخرى من الطرق غير الهرمونية للحد من زيادة الوزن.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences"}}},"pageStart":"25","pageEnd":"30","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtumed.2018.11.012","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92760404"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jtumed.2018.11.012"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31435386"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92760404"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-quantitative-self-assessment-of-seminarians-response-to-a-curriculum-addition--recpu91znllax0zyb/","name":"A Quantitative Self-Assessment of Seminarians' Response to a Curriculum Addition  on Marriage, Sexuality, FertilityCare, and Naprotechnology: The Kenrick-Glennon  Experience (2006-2015)","headline":"A Quantitative Self-Assessment of Seminarians' Response to a Curriculum Addition  on Marriage, Sexuality, FertilityCare, and Naprotechnology: The Kenrick-Glennon  Experience (2006-2015)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-quantitative-self-assessment-of-seminarians-response-to-a-curriculum-addition--recpu91znllax0zyb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Edward Richárd","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Our Lady of Prompt Succor, Sulphur, LA, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute for Human Reproduction","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Diane Daly","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4526-9869","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint John's Mercy Medical Center"}}],"datePublished":"2019-02-01","abstract":"A special course on Marriage, the Family and Human Sexuality was established at Kenrick-Glennon Seminary in St. Louis so as to assist the seminarians in their better understanding of the Church's teaching relative to natural methods of family planning and women's health care. This article compares the response at the beginning of this three-credit semester course to the same seven-item questionnaire given at the conclusion of the course. The preand postcourse scores were calculated for each of the questions. The scores obtained after the course were all significantly higher than they were before the course with p values ranging from 0.01 to <0.0001. Four of the items showed marked improvement including an understanding of the church's teaching related to natural methods, current methods of natural family planning, the impact of a natural method on a couple's marriage, and also the impact of a natural method on family life. Statistically significant improvement was also seen in their understanding of the topic of natural family planning and the Creighton Model System and its relevance toward the seminarian's vocation, the use of the methods to either achieve or avoid pregnancy, and how contraception and abortion are linked. In these last three items, the level of statistical significance was quite high, although not as high as the other four items. There were 104 seminarians over an eight-year period of time, who provided answers to these questions, both before and after the course. This course was modeled after a course that was initiated at the Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, which was for priests, seminarians, and Catholic leaders, titled Love & Life Unlimited. NONTECHNICAL Summary: This is an evaluation of a ten-point, seven-question questionnaire that was utilized at the beginning of a course at Kenrick Seminary in Marriage, Sexuality, Creighton Model and NaProTECHNOLOGY. The same questionnaire was given to the students at the beginning of the course and then two to three months later at the conclusion of the three-credit course. The results show that there is a significant improvement in the seminarians' knowledge and general attitude about natural methods of family planning and suggests that such courses would be beneficial to establish in seminaries throughout the country.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"86","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"83","pageEnd":"88","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/0024363918813126","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94411129"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/0024363918813126"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32431391"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q94411129"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/frailty-and-risk-of-fractures-in-patients-with-type-2-diabetes-recue4fkbov4yi568/","name":"Frailty and Risk of Fractures in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes","headline":"Frailty and Risk of Fractures in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/frailty-and-risk-of-fractures-in-patients-with-type-2-diabetes-recue4fkbov4yi568/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"William D Leslie","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1056-1691","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02gfys938"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lehana Thabane","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8307-3568","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Impact","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05d9dsr70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S M Kaiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3222-3711","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher S Kovacs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5219-9993","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John’s, NL, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04haebc03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tassos Anastassiades","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5805-0364","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tanveer Towheed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8738-9394","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Rheumatology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rtaxr13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kelly Davison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1965-4691","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Osteoporosis Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02a7qmj40"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mitchell Levine","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9010-0886","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandra Papaioannou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9412-0932","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Guowei Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8432-7937","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Impact","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05d9dsr70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Shawn Davison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8123-7680","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert G Josse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-6264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephanie M Kaiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7183-5754","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}}],"datePublished":"2019-01-28","abstract":"Objective: We aimed to explore whether frailty was associated with fracture risk and whether frailty could modify the propensity of type 2 diabetes toward increased risk of fractures.Research design and methodsData were from a prospective cohort study. Our primary outcome was time to the first incident clinical fragility fracture; secondary outcomes included time to hip fracture and to clinical spine fracture. Frailty status was measured by a Frailty Index (FI) of deficit accumulation. The Cox model incorporating an interaction term (frailty × diabetes) was used for analyses.\n\nResults: The analysis included 3,149 (70% women) participants; 138 (60% women) had diabetes. Higher bone mineral density and FI were observed in participants with diabetes compared with control subjects. A significant relationship between the FI and the risk of incident fragility fractures was found, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.02 (95% CI 1.01-1.03) and 1.19 (95% CI 1.10-1.33) for per-0.01 and per-0.10 FI increase, respectively. The interaction was also statistically significant (P = 0.018). The HR for per-0.1 increase in the FI was 1.33 for participants with diabetes and 1.19 for those without diabetes if combining the estimate for the FI itself with the estimate from the interaction term. No evidence of interaction between frailty and diabetes was found for risk of hip and clinical spine fractures.\n\nConclusions: Participants with type 2 diabetes were significantly frailer than individuals without diabetes. Frailty increases the risk of fragility fracture and enhances the effect of diabetes on fragility fractures. Particular attention should be paid to diabetes as a risk factor for fragility fractures in those who are frail.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"42","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Diabetes Care"}}},"pageStart":"507","pageEnd":"513","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.2337/dc18-1965","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91258470"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2337/dc18-1965"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30692240"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91258470"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/acog-practice-bulletin-no-206-use-of-hormonal-contraception-in-women-with-coexis-recom58ncsnsddnug/","name":"ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 206: Use of Hormonal Contraception in Women With Coexisting Medical Conditions","headline":"ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 206: Use of Hormonal Contraception in Women With Coexisting Medical Conditions","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/acog-practice-bulletin-no-206-use-of-hormonal-contraception-in-women-with-coexis-recom58ncsnsddnug/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"ACOG","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7450-1543","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen"}}],"datePublished":"2019-01-27","abstract":"Although numerous studies have addressed the safety and effectiveness of hormonal contraceptive use in healthy women, data regarding women with underlying medical conditions or other special circumstances are limited. The U.S. Medical Eligibility Criteria (USMEC) for Contraceptive Use, 2016 (), which has been endorsed by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, is a published guideline based on the best available evidence and expert opinion to help health care providers better care for women with chronic medical problems who need contraception. The goal of this Practice Bulletin is to explain how to use the USMEC rating system in clinical practice and to specifically discuss the rationale behind the ratings for various medical conditions. Contraception for women with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (); the use of emergency contraception in women with medical coexisting medical conditions, including obesity, (); and the effect of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) on bone health () are addressed in other documents from the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"133","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"e128-e150","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0000000000003072","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91219413"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/AOG.0000000000003072"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30681544"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91219413"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptive-use-and-depression-among-adolescents-recith4wxo0s1pgsz/","name":"Oral contraceptive use and depression among adolescents","headline":"Oral contraceptive use and depression among adolescents","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptive-use-and-depression-among-adolescents-recith4wxo0s1pgsz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarah McKetta","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8953-1809","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Katherine M Keyes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5624-021X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172"}}],"datePublished":"2019-01-25","abstract":"Purpose: Depression is a prevalent health problem affecting U.S. women. Oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) are commonly used for pregnancy prevention, and evidence is mixed regarding any increased risk for incident depression among users, particularly adolescents.\n\nMethods: We examined the relationship between OCP use and depressive disorders among female adolescents using validated, structured interview assessments in a general population sample of adolescents in the National Comorbidity Survey-Adolescent Supplement. Respondents were 4765 female adolescents with no history of pregnancy who reported current OCP use, lifetime OCP use, and age of OCP initiation. Lifetime and current depressive disorders, including major depressive disorder and depressive episodes, were assessed by lay interviewers.\n\nResults: In logistic regression models adjusted for a range of confounders, there was no relationship between ever using OCPs and lifetime depressive disorder (OR 1.10, 95% CI 0.88-1.37), nor current use of OCPs and current depressive disorder (OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.50-1.35). Using survival analysis for age-of-onset data, we found that OCP use is not associated with an increased risk of depressive disorders.\n\nConclusions: In sum, use of OCPs in a general population sample of adolescents did not increase the risk of depressive disorders.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"29","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Annals of Epidemiology"}},"pageStart":"46","pageEnd":"51","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annepidem.2018.10.002","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91184940"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2018.10.002"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30674431"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91184940"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/isthmocele-from-risk-factors-to-management-reca7lowkovmdh8tr/","name":"Isthmocele: From Risk Factors to Management","headline":"Isthmocele: From Risk Factors to Management","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/isthmocele-from-risk-factors-to-management-reca7lowkovmdh8tr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Giulia Nencini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2105-7674","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Arcispedale Sant'Anna","sameAs":"https://ror.org/026yzxh70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gloria Bonaccorsi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5005-0274","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Arcispedale Sant'Anna","sameAs":"https://ror.org/026yzxh70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ruby Martinello","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0307-0536","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Arcispedale Sant'Anna","sameAs":"https://ror.org/026yzxh70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marco Scioscia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5757-2793","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Policlinico Abano Terme","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03g3tcm95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Luigi Nappi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7184-0822","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Foggia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01xtv3204"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pantaleo Greco","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2461-6777","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Translational and for Romagna Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy","sameAs":"https://ror.org/041zkgm14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gennaro Scutiero","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5308-2650","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Arcispedale Sant'Anna","sameAs":"https://ror.org/026yzxh70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Piergiorgio Iannone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9485-0126","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Arcispedale Sant'Anna","sameAs":"https://ror.org/026yzxh70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Giovanni Pontrelli","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Policlinico Abano Terme","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03g3tcm95"}}],"datePublished":"2019-01-16","abstract":"Objective: The aim of the present study was to perform a comprehensive review of the literature to provide a complete and clear picture of isthmocele-a hypoechoic area within the myometrium at the site of the uterine scar of a previous cesarean section-by exploring in depth every aspect of this condition.\n\nMethods: A comprehensive review of the literature was performed to identify the most relevant studies about this topic.\n\nResults: Every aspect of isthmocele has been studied and described: pathophysiology, clinical symptoms, classification, and diagnosis. Its treatment, both medical and surgical, has also been reported according to the actual literature data.\n\nConclusion: Cesarean section is the most common surgical procedure performed worldwide, and one of the consequences of this technique is isthmocele. A single and systematic classification of isthmocele is needed to improve its diagnosis and management. Further studies should be performed to better understand its pathogenesis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"41","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Revista Brasileira De Ginecologia E Obstetricia : Revista Da Federacao Brasileira  Das Sociedades De Ginecologia E Obstetricia"}}},"pageStart":"44","pageEnd":"52","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1676109","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91058602"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1055/s-0038-1676109"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30646424"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91058602"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-progesterone-administration-on-the-prognosis-of-patients-with-severe-t-ou7sjuhi/","name":"Effect of progesterone administration on the prognosis of patients with severe traumatic brain injury: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials","headline":"Effect of progesterone administration on the prognosis of patients with severe traumatic brain injury: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-progesterone-administration-on-the-prognosis-of-patients-with-severe-t-ou7sjuhi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Pan ZY"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhao YH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Huang WH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiao ZZ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Li ZQ"}],"datePublished":"2019-01-11","abstract":"PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to assess the neuroprotective effect of progesterone administration on severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) for different follow-up periods and administration route by completing a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs). METHODS: A systematic literature search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases and the Web of Science (from establishment of each to September 1, 2018) was performed to identify original RCTs that evaluated the associations between progesterone treatment and the prognosis of patients with severe TBI. RESULTS: Eight RCTs enrolling 2,251 patients with severe TBI were included. Within 3 months post-injury, patients with progesterone administration had a lower mortality (risk ratio [RR] =0.59; 95% CI [0.42-0.81], P=0.001) and better neurologic outcomes (RR =1.51; 95% CI [1.12-2.02], P=0.007) than those who received placebo. However, these differences did not persist at 6 months post-injury for mortality (RR =0.96; 95% CI [0.65-1.41], P=0.83) or neurologic outcomes (RR =1.09; 95% CI [0.93-1.27], P=0.31). The analysis stratified by administration route showed that beneficial effects were only observed in patients who received progesterone intramuscularly (RR =1.61, 95% CI [1.19-2.18], P=0.002); no benefit was observed with intravenous administration (RR =0.99, 95% CI [0.91-1.07], P=0.75). CONCLUSION: Progesterone administration improved the clinical outcomes of severe TBI patients within 3 months but may not have significant long-term benefits 6 months post-injury.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Drug Design, Development and Therapy"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.2147/DDDT.S192633","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2147/DDDT.S192633"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30666088"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adolescent-use-of-combined-hormonal-contraception-and-peak-bone-mineral-density--recyvxfru8amf5hmm/","name":"Adolescent use of combined hormonal contraception and peak bone mineral density  accrual: A meta-analysis of international prospective controlled studies","headline":"Adolescent use of combined hormonal contraception and peak bone mineral density  accrual: A meta-analysis of international prospective controlled studies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adolescent-use-of-combined-hormonal-contraception-and-peak-bone-mineral-density--recyvxfru8amf5hmm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Subotic Brajic T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tamara Beres Lederer Goldberg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7017-766X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00987cb86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Beres Lederer Goldberg T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Abbey B. Berenson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5007-1080","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016tfm930"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tatjana S Brajic","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation Research, Medicine/Endocrinology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., Canada.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Azita Goshtasebi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Delia Scholes","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0027frf26"}}],"datePublished":"2019-01-08","abstract":"Objective: Many women use combined hormonal contraceptives (CHC) during adolescence during which they are accruing peak areal bone mineral density (BMD) that relates to lifetime fracture risk. To build BMD requires formation with which CHC-related exogenous oestrogen may interfere. We compared peak BMD accrual in adolescents using and not using CHC. DESIGN/\n\nParticipants: We performed literature searches for prospective published peer-reviewed articles providing 12to 24-month BMD change in adolescent (12to 19-year-old) women using CHC vs CHC-unexposed control women.\n\nMethods: Meta-analyses used random-effects models to assess BMD change rate at lumbar spine (LS) and other sites in adolescent CHC users vs CHC nonusers.\n\nResults: Literature searches yielded 84 publications of which nine were eligible. Adolescent-only data were sought from cohorts with wider age inclusions. The 12-month LS meta-analysis with eight paired comparisons in 1535 adolescents showed a weighted mean BMD difference of -0.02 (95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.05 to 0.00) g/cm(2) in CHC-exposed adolescents (P = 0.04). The 24-month LS meta-analysis with five paired comparisons in 885 adolescents showed a highly significant weighted mean BMD difference of -0.02 (95% CI: -0.03 to -0.01) g/cm(2) in CHC-exposed adolescents (P = 0.0006). Heterogeneities by I(2) were 96% and 85%, respectively. Insufficient data for other bone sites precluded quantitative analysis.\n\nConclusion: Given that adolescent exposure to CHC appears to be increasing, this evidence for potential impairment of peak spinal BMD accrual is of concern and suggests a potential public health problem. Randomized controlled trial data are needed to determine CHC effects on adolescent bone health.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"90","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"517","pageEnd":"524","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/cen.13932","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90916757"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/cen.13932"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30614555"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q90916757"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-is-important-for-transgender-womens-therapy-applying-evidence-for-t-rec6qvbxhkktb6fs8/","name":"Progesterone Is Important for Transgender Women's Therapy-Applying Evidence for  the Benefits of Progesterone in Ciswomen","headline":"Progesterone Is Important for Transgender Women's Therapy-Applying Evidence for  the Benefits of Progesterone in Ciswomen","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-is-important-for-transgender-womens-therapy-applying-evidence-for-t-rec6qvbxhkktb6fs8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2019-01-05","abstract":"Background: Although the 2017 Endocrine Society Guidelines for gender dysphoria stipulated that cross-sex hormone therapy (CHT) achieve gonadal steroid levels equivalent to those of a cisperson of the chosen sex, for transgender women (male-to-female gender dysphoria), current gonadal therapy is usually estradiol. Accumulated evidence indicates that normally ovulatory menstrual cycles are necessary for ciswomen's current fertility, as well as for later-life bone and cardiovascular health and the prevention of breast and endometrial cancers.\nEvidence Acquisition: Extensive past clinical experience with transgender women's CHT using estradiol/estrogen combined with progesterone/medroxyprogesterone and pioneering the addition of spironolactone. Comprehensive progesterone physiology research plus a brief review of transgender women's literature to assess current therapy and clinical outcomes, including morbidity and mortality.\n\nPurpose: To emphasize that both ovarian hormones, progesterone as well as estradiol, are theoretically and clinically important for optimal transgender women's CHT.\nEvidence Synthesis: It is important to add progesterone to estradiol and an antiandrogen in transgender women's CHT. Progesterone may add the following: (i) more rapid feminization, (ii) decreased endogenous testosterone production, (iii) optimal breast maturation to Tanner stages 4/5, (iv) increased bone formation, (v) improved sleep and vasomotor symptom control, and (vi) cardiovascular health benefits.\n\nConclusions: Evidence has accrued that normal progesterone (and ovulation), as well as physiological estradiol levels, is necessary during ciswomen's premenopausal menstrual cycles for current fertility and long-term health; transgender women deserve progesterone therapy and similar potential physiological benefits.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"104","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"1181","pageEnd":"1186","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2018-01777","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90877987"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jc.2018-01777"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30608551"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q90877987"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hypothalamicpituitaryovarian-axis-disorders-impacting-female-fertility-gyocmuwv/","name":"Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Ovarian Axis Disorders Impacting Female Fertility","headline":"Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Ovarian Axis Disorders Impacting Female Fertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hypothalamicpituitaryovarian-axis-disorders-impacting-female-fertility-gyocmuwv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mikhael S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0303-003X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Punjala-Patel A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4836-8587"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gavrilova-Jordan L"}],"datePublished":"2019-01-04","abstract":"The hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis is a tightly regulated system controlling female reproduction. HPO axis dysfunction leading to ovulation disorders can be classified into three categories defined by the World Health Organization (WHO). Group I ovulation disorders involve hypothalamic failure characterized as hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Group II disorders display a eugonadal state commonly associated with a wide range of endocrinopathies. Finally, group III constitutes hypergonadotropic hypogonadism secondary to depleted ovarian function. Optimal evaluation and management of these disorders is based on a careful analysis tailored to each patient. This article reviews ovulation disorders based on pathophysiologic mechanisms, evaluation principles, and currently available management options.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Biomedicines"}}},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines7010005","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64229601"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/biomedicines7010005"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30621143"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q64229601"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mortality-risk-reduction-differs-according-to-bisphosphonate-class-a-15-year-obs-reclr0gjwdxg8gebk/","name":"Mortality risk reduction differs according to bisphosphonate class: a 15-year observational study","headline":"Mortality risk reduction differs according to bisphosphonate class: a 15-year observational study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mortality-risk-reduction-differs-according-to-bisphosphonate-class-a-15-year-obs-reclr0gjwdxg8gebk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Dana Bliuc","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9682-2313","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Garvan Institute of Medical Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01b3dvp57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"For the CaMOS Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thach Tran","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4686-8601","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Garvan Institute of Medical Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01b3dvp57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tineke van Geel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2022-6552","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Family MedicineResearch School Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI)Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jz4aj89"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudie Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5499-2661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joop P. van den Bergh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3984-2232","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"VieCuri Medisch Centrum","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02kjpb485"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John A Eisman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0323-3366","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Vincent's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/001kjn539"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joop van den Bergh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0725-2468","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Internal MedicineVieCuri Medical Centre of Noord-LimburgVenloThe Netherlands"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Piet Geusens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7547-9146","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hasselt University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04nbhqj75"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Hanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher S Kovacs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5219-9993","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John’s, NL, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04haebc03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa Langsetmo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2245-1657","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tuan V Nguyen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0200-0985","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UNSW Sydney","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"CaMOS Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacqueline R Center","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5278-4527","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Faculty of MedicineUniversity of New South WalesSydneyAustralia"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert G Josse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-6264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Kaiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4947-4571","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}}],"datePublished":"2019-01-03","abstract":"In this prospective cohort of 6120 participants aged 50+, nitrogen-bisphosphonates but not non-nitrogen bisphosphonates were associated with a significant 34% mortality risk reduction compared to non-treated propensity score matched controls. These findings open new avenues for research into mechanistic pathways.\nIntroduction: Emerging evidence suggests that bisphosphonates (BP), first-line treatment of osteoporosis, are associated with reduced risks for all-cause mortality. This study aimed to determine the association between different BP types and mortality risk in participants with or without a fracture.\n\nMethods: A prospective cohort study of users of different BPs matched to non-users by propensity score (age, gender, co-morbidities, fragility fracture status) and time to starting the BP medication from the population-based Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study from nine Canadian centres followed from 1995 to 2013. Mortality risk for bisphosphonate users vs matched non-users was assessed using pairwise multivariable Cox proportional hazards models.\n\nResults: There were 2048 women and 308 men on BP and 1970 women and 1794 men who did not receive medication for osteoporosis. The relationship between BP and mortality risk was explored in three separate 1:1 propensity score-matched cohorts of BP users and no treatment (etidronate, n = 599, alendronate, n = 498, and risedronate n = 213). Nitrogen BP (n-BP) (alendronate and risedronate) was associated with lower mortality risks [pairwise HR, 0.66 (95% CI, 0.48-0.91)] while the less potent non-n-BP, etidronate, was not [pairwise HR: 0.89 (95% CI, 0.66-1.20)]. A direct comparison between n-BP and etidronate (n = 340 pairs) also suggested a better survival for n-BP [paired HR, 0.47 (95%CI, (95% CI, 031-0.70)] for n-BP vs. etidronate].\n\nConclusion: Compared to no treatment, nitrogen but not non-nitrogen bisphosphonates appear to be associated with better survival.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"30","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Osteoporos Int"}}},"pageStart":"817","pageEnd":"828","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-018-4806-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90873241"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00198-018-4806-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30607457"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q90873241"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2018-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2018-1r14etno/","name":"DIR Jahrbuch 2018 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2018)","headline":"DIR Jahrbuch 2018 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2018)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2018-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2018-1r14etno/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register e.V."}],"datePublished":"2019-01-01","abstract":"Annual report (Jahrbuch) of the Deutsches IVF-Register (DIR) for treatment year 2018. DIR is the German national IVF/ICSI registry, founded 1982 — the oldest continuously operating ART registry. Voluntary professional-society database with high de-facto coverage of German fertility centres. Reports cycles, transfers, pregnancies and clinical outcomes by treatment type (IVF, ICSI, frozen embryo transfer, donor). German-language registry document. Used as a Phase B historical-archive source for the ART Registry Comparison study (cross-registry classification by reporting completeness on 7 framework dimensions).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register Jahrbuch"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cartr-plus-2019-annual-report-2018-data-canadian-assisted-reproductive-technolog-3jbjn51l/","name":"CARTR Plus 2019 Annual Report (2018 Data) - Canadian Assisted Reproductive Technologies Register Plus","headline":"CARTR Plus 2019 Annual Report (2018 Data) - Canadian Assisted Reproductive Technologies Register Plus","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cartr-plus-2019-annual-report-2018-data-canadian-assisted-reproductive-technolog-3jbjn51l/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Canadian Fertility and Andrology Society; BORN Ontario"}],"datePublished":"2019-01-01","abstract":"CARTR Plus annual report containing final treatment cycle and pregnancy outcome data for 2016 and preliminary treatment cycle data for 2017. Presented at the Canadian Fertility and Andrology Society Annual Meeting (Montreal, September 2018). The Canadian Assisted Reproductive Technologies Register Plus (CARTR Plus) is a voluntary professional society database operated by CFAS in collaboration with BORN Ontario, capturing IVF/ART cycle outcomes from Canadian fertility clinics.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"CFAS / BORN Ontario"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hirsutism-options-for-treating-the-whole-patient-rechp9qxa35gxsdon/","name":"Hirsutism: Options for Treating the Whole Patient","headline":"Hirsutism: Options for Treating the Whole Patient","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hirsutism-options-for-treating-the-whole-patient-rechp9qxa35gxsdon/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A I Joarder","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bangladesh Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042mrsz23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Firoz Alam","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4926-2610"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M A Islam"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bidyut Debnath"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Masud Rana AM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ashma Rana","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3117-7207"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Palash Kumar Biswas","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2607-445X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aliya Khan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3374-1553","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shakeel A. Khan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2926-6078","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Silesian University of Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02dyjk442"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sajjad Karim","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0907-2097"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M B Uddin"}],"datePublished":"2019-01-01","pageStart":"641","pageEnd":"646","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92483068","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92483068"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-treatment-options-for-women-with-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-7fsur6rw/","name":"Fertility Treatment Options for Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome","headline":"Fertility Treatment Options for Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-treatment-options-for-women-with-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-7fsur6rw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sawant S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bhide P","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0871-6508"}],"datePublished":"2019-01-01","abstract":"Polycystic ovary syndrome is the most common endocrinological disorder in women of reproductive age. It is commonly associated with anovulatory subfertility, for which there are a range of treatment options available to help them conceive. These options are given in a step-wise manner with an appropriate selection of patients to maximise success rates with minimal complications. This review discusses the importance and involvement of multidisciplinary care when offering treatment to women with subfertility. Multidisciplinary care gives an excellent opportunity to identify, assess risk, and potentially prevent future morbidities and complications while treating women for fertility issues. We have also summarised the various options available for fertility treatment: pharmacological treatments, nonpharmacological intervention, and assisted reproductive technology.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical medicine insights. Reproductive health"}},"pageStart":"1179558119890867","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/1179558119890867","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92461819"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/1179558119890867"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31908561"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92461819"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mitochondrial-function-in-oocytes-and-early-embryos-9v9hc8md/","name":"Mitochondrial function in oocytes and early embryos","headline":"Mitochondrial function in oocytes and early embryos","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mitochondrial-function-in-oocytes-and-early-embryos-9v9hc8md/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Eftekhar M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dehghanian F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karimi-Zarchi M"}],"datePublished":"2019-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Human Reproductive Sciences"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/can-ovarian-aging-be-delayed-by-pharmacological-strategies-cpsivbkd/","name":"Can ovarian aging be delayed by pharmacological strategies?","headline":"Can ovarian aging be delayed by pharmacological strategies?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/can-ovarian-aging-be-delayed-by-pharmacological-strategies-cpsivbkd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jinna Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0912-1197","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qian Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3854-2495","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chongqing Public Health Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04dcmpg83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Du D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wu T","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0842-5623"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wen J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Meiting Wu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0668-8315"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yue Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4745-8038","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yan W"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhou S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yuhua Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3842-475X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fb35g87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jin Y"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Luo A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shu Wang"}],"datePublished":"2019-01-01","abstract":"1. Aging (Albany NY). 2019 Jan 23;11(2):817-832. doi: 10.18632/aging.101784.\n\nCan ovarian aging be delayed by pharmacological strategies?\n\nZhang J(1), Chen Q(1), Du D(1), Wu T(1), Wen J(1), Wu M(1), Zhang Y(1), Yan\nW(1), Zhou S(1), Li Y(1), Jin Y(1), Luo A(1), Wang S(1).\n\nAuthor information:\n(1)Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical\nCollege, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.\n\nAging has been regarded as a treatable condition, and delaying aging could\nprevent some diseases. Ovarian aging, a special type of organ senescence, is the\nearliest-aging organ, as ovaries exhibit an accelerated rate of aging with\ncharacteristics of gradual declines in ovarian follicle quantity and quality\nsince birth, compared to other organs. Ovarian aging is considered as the\npacemaker of female body aging, which drives the aging of multiple organs of the\nbody. Hence, anti-ovarian aging has become a research topic broadly interesting\nto both biomedical scientists and pharmaceutical industry. A marked progress has\nbeen made in exploration of possible anti-ovarian agents or approaches, such as\ncalorie restriction mimetics, antioxidants, autophagy inducers etc., over the\npast years. This review is attempted to discuss recent advances in the area of\nanti-ovarian aging pharmacology and to offer new insights into our better\nunderstanding of molecular mechanisms underlying ovarian aging, which might be\ninformative for future prevention and treatment of ovarian aging and its related\ndiseases.\n\nDOI: 10.18632/aging.101784\nPMCID: PMC6366956\nPMID: 30674710 [Indexed for MEDLINE]\n\nConflict of interest statement: CONFLICTS OF INTEREST: The authors have no\nconflicts of interest.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Aging"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.101784","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.18632/aging.101784"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30674710"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-in-japan-a-summary-report-for-2016-by-the-ethic-ejjmflg1/","name":"Assisted reproductive technology in Japan: A summary report for 2016 by the Ethics Committee of the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology","headline":"Assisted reproductive technology in Japan: A summary report for 2016 by the Ethics Committee of the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-in-japan-a-summary-report-for-2016-by-the-ethic-ejjmflg1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ishihara O"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jwa SC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kuwahara A et al"}],"datePublished":"2019-01-01","abstract":"Annual summary report on assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycles performed in Japan during 2016, published by the Ethics Committee of the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology (JSOG).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reprod Med Biol"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/rmb2.12258","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60930031"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/rmb2.12258"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30655717"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q60930031"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/human-health-risks-due-to-exposure-to-inorganic-and-organic-chemicals-from-texti-pgazuqww/","name":"Human health risks due to exposure to inorganic and organic chemicals from textiles: A review","headline":"Human health risks due to exposure to inorganic and organic chemicals from textiles: A review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/human-health-risks-due-to-exposure-to-inorganic-and-organic-chemicals-from-texti-pgazuqww/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joaquim Rovira","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0212-9353","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitat Rovira i Virgili","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g5sqv46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"José L Domingo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9470","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitat Rovira i Virgili","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g5sqv46"}}],"datePublished":"2019-01-01","abstract":"It is well known that a number of substances used in the textile industry can mean not only environmental, but also health problems. The scientific literature regarding potential adverse health effects of chemical substances in that industry is mainly related with human exposure during textile production. However, information about exposure of consumers is much more limited. Although most research on the health effects of chemicals in textiles concern allergic skin reactions, contact allergy is not the only potential human health problem. In this paper, we have reviewed the current scientific information regarding human exposure to chemicals through skin-contact clothes. The review has been focused mainly on those chemicals whose probabilities of being detected in clothes were rather higher. Thus, we have revised the presence of flame retardants, trace elements, aromatic amines, quinoline, bisphenols, benzothiazoles/benzotriazoles, phthalates, formaldehyde, and also metal nanoparticles. Human dermal exposure to potentially toxic chemicals through skin-contact textiles/clothes shows a non-negligible presence in some textiles, which might lead to potential systemic risks. Under specific circumstances of exposure, the presence of some chemicals might mean non-assumable cancer risks for the consumers.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"168","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environmental Research"}},"pageStart":"62","pageEnd":"69","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2018.09.027","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57070283"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.envres.2018.09.027"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q57070283"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/low-dose-naltrexone-in-pregnancy-sff3nipx/","name":"Low Dose Naltrexone in Pregnancy","headline":"Low Dose Naltrexone in Pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/low-dose-naltrexone-in-pregnancy-sff3nipx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Phil C Boyle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2555-6294","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NeoFertility Clinic, Suite 7, 1st Floor, Beacon Mall, Sandyford, Dublin 18, Ireland. Phil.Boyle@NeoFertility.ie."}}],"datePublished":"2019-01-01","abstract":"Presentation examining the safety and potential benefits of low-dose naltrexone (LDN) use during pregnancy. Reports on a patient survey of 237 successful pregnancies comparing outcomes between LDN users and non-users. Addresses three key questions: safety of LDN in pregnancy, additional benefits to mother and baby, and optimal duration of treatment. Findings suggest LDN is safe during pregnancy with trends toward improved outcomes (reduced prematurity, fewer SCBU admissions, fewer complications) for those continuing LDN beyond 26 weeks, though results did not achieve statistical significance. Also discusses potential epigenetic benefits of LDN for reducing endometriosis expression in the next generation and possible reduction of autism risk through immune modification.","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/safety-of-ultrasound-in-reproductive-medicine-a-review-recwaafjwf7vapsvc/","name":"Ultrasound in reproductive medicine: is it safe?","headline":"Ultrasound in reproductive medicine: is it safe?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/safety-of-ultrasound-in-reproductive-medicine-a-review-recwaafjwf7vapsvc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacques S. Abramowicz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4695-5972","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Chicago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28"}}],"datePublished":"2019-01-01","abstract":"Ultrasound is a form of energy with effects in tissues it traverses (bioeffects). The major bioeffects are a rise in temperature (thermal effects) and some effects secondary to the alternating positive and negative pressures of the ultrasound wave (nonthermal or mechanical effects). Two on-screen indices, the thermal index (TI) and the mechanical index (MI), give the end user an indication of possible thermal and nonthermal changes occurring in real time during the ultrasound scan. No harmful effects have been described in epidemiological studies in humans, but some deleterious results have been demonstrated in animals. While intensities produced by B-mode, gray-scale ultrasound are, most likely, safe, the use of Doppler involves much higher levels of energy. In addition, the very early fetus is known to be very vulnerable to external influences or insults. Information on susceptibility of the ovum, preor postfertilization, is virtually inexistent. In addition, knowledge regarding bioeffects and safety of ultrasound by clinical end users is grossly inadequate. In vivo exposure to ultrasound at spatial average intensities below 1 W/cm2, which is, arguably, almost always the case in ART as well as early gestation, does not adversely affect oocytes/embryos/fetuses. It is advocated to utilize ultrasound only when medically indicated, for the shortest time and at the lowest intensity compatible with accurate diagnosis. The TI and MI should be kept below 1. Further prospective studies on ultrasound safety in ART and pregnancy are highly recommended, as is education of the end users.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Ultrasound Imaging in Reproductive Medicine"},"pageStart":"3","pageEnd":"17","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16699-1_1","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/978-3-030-16699-1_1"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/complementary-and-alternative-medicine-for-menopause-zzkwoz1v/","name":"Complementary and Alternative Medicine for Menopause","headline":"Complementary and Alternative Medicine for Menopause","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/complementary-and-alternative-medicine-for-menopause-zzkwoz1v/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Anthony Johnson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9792-7682","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial Hermann","sameAs":"https://ror.org/049d9a475"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roberts L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elkins G"}],"datePublished":"2019-01-01","abstract":"Menopause is associated with problematic symptoms, including hot flashes, sleep problems, mood disorders, sexual dysfunction, weight gain, and declines in cognitive functioning. Many women seek complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) for symptom management. This article critically reviews the existing literature on CAM treatments most commonly used for menopausal symptoms. Electronic searches were conducted to identify relevant, English-language literature published through March 2017. Results indicate that mind and body practices may be of benefit in reducing stress and bothersomeness of some menopausal symptoms. In particular, hypnosis is a mind-body intervention that has consistently shown to have a clinically significant effect on reducing hot flashes. Evidence is mixed in regard to the efficacy of natural products and there are some safety concerns. Health care providers should consider the evidence on CAM in providing an integrative health approach to menopausal symptom management.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of evidence-based integrative medicine"}},"pageStart":"2515690X19829380","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/2515690X19829380","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64093908"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/2515690X19829380"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30868921"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q64093908"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/thoracic-endometriosis-syndrome-a-review-of-diagnosis-and-management-a5l6ihxn/","name":"Thoracic Endometriosis Syndrome: A Review of Diagnosis and Management","headline":"Thoracic Endometriosis Syndrome: A Review of Diagnosis and Management","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/thoracic-endometriosis-syndrome-a-review-of-diagnosis-and-management-a5l6ihxn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Camran Nezhat","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2360-5147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Steven R. Lindheim","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0980-6388","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wright State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04qk6pt94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Backhus L","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4553-1003"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vu M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vang N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nezhat A"}],"datePublished":"2019-01-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Endometriosis is characterized by the presence of endometrial-like glands and stroma outside the uterine cavity and is believed to affect 6%-10% of reproductive-age women. Endometriosis within the lung parenchyma or on the diaphragm and pleural surfaces produces a range of clinical and radiological manifestations. This includes catamenial pneumothorax, hemothorax, hemoptysis, and pulmonary nodules, resulting in an entity known as thoracic endometriosis syndrome (TES).\n\nDATABASE: Computerized searches of MEDLINE and PubMed were conducted using the key words \"thoracic endometriosis,\" \"catamenial pneumothorax,\" \"catamenial hemothorax,\" and \"catamenial hemoptysis.\" References from identified sources were manually searched to allow for a thorough review.\n\nCONCLUSION: TES can produce incapacitating symptoms for some patients. Symptoms of TES are nonspecific, so a high degree of clinical suspicion is warranted. Medical management represents the first-line treatment approach. When this fails or is contraindicated, definitive surgical treatment for cases of suspected TES uses a combined video laparoscopy performed by a gynecologic surgeon and video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery performed by a thoracic surgeon. Postoperative hormonal suppression may further reduce disease recurrence.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"23","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JSLS : Journal of the Society of Laparoendoscopic Surgeons"}}},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.4293/JSLS.2019.00029","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92711165"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4293/JSLS.2019.00029"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31427853"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92711165"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-of-stillbirth-in-lowrisk-singleton-term-pregnancies-following-fertility-tre-c2kxru9a/","name":"Risk of stillbirth in low-risk singleton term pregnancies following fertility treatment: a national cohort study","headline":"Risk of stillbirth in low-risk singleton term pregnancies following fertility treatment: a national cohort study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-of-stillbirth-in-lowrisk-singleton-term-pregnancies-following-fertility-tre-c2kxru9a/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bay B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Boie S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kesmodel US","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3868-106X"}],"datePublished":"2019-01-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To assess the risk of stillbirth in low-risk in vitro fertilisation (IVF) pregnancies.\n\nDESIGN: Register-based national cohort study.\n\nSETTING: Denmark 2003-2013.\n\nPOPULATION: Cohort of 425 732 singleton pregnancies including 10 235 conceived following IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), 4521 conceived following intrauterine insemination (IUI), and 410 976 spontaneously conceived.\n\nMETHODS: Information on pregnancy, obstetrical risk factors, stillbirth, and fertility treatment was obtained from the Danish national health registers for all pregnancies after gestational week 21+6 . We estimated the overall and gestational age-specific risk of stillbirth in low-risk term pregnancies following IVF, ICSI, and IUI. Further, we estimated the association between stillbirth and IVF and ICSI respectively as well as fresh or frozen-thawed embryo transfer.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Risk of stillbirth.\n\nRESULTS: The number of stillbirths in spontaneously conceived and IVF/ICSI low-risk term pregnancies was 525 (0.1%) and 35 (0.3%), respectively. In multivariate analysis, the risk of stillbirth in pregnancies following IVF/ICSI was increased (odds ratio 2.1, 95% CI 1.4-3.1). The risk of stillbirth was correspondingly increased in time-to-event analyses taking risk time for each fetus into account from gestational week 37 and onwards (hazard ratio 2.4, 95% CI 1.6-3.6). In sub-analyses, the risk of stillbirth was increased for pregnancies following ICSI (odds ratio 2.2, 95% CI 1.2-3.1), but not IVF (odds ratio 1.7, 95% CI 0.9-3.1).\n\nCONCLUSION: We found a systematically increased risk of stillbirth in low-risk term pregnancies following IVF/ICSI. Whether the risk was related to the treatment or to underlying subfertility is uncertain. The results may indicate a need for obstetrical surveillance for these pregnancies when reaching term.\n\nTWEETABLE ABSTRACT: Increased risk of stillbirth in low-risk term pregnancies following fresh cycle IVF/ICSI.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"126","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"253","pageEnd":"260","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.15509","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57807443"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/1471-0528.15509"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30341984"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q57807443"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-as-a-comorbid-condition-in-chronic-fatigue-syndrome-cfs-secondary--ewctw2fe/","name":"Endometriosis as a Comorbid Condition in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS): Secondary Analysis of Data From a CFS Case-Control Study","headline":"Endometriosis as a Comorbid Condition in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS): Secondary Analysis of Data From a CFS Case-Control Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-as-a-comorbid-condition-in-chronic-fatigue-syndrome-cfs-secondary--ewctw2fe/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Boneva RS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lin JS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wieser F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nater UM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ditzen B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert N Taylor","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1423-6351","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility (Drs. Peterson and Taylor), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Unger ER"}],"datePublished":"2019-01-01","abstract":"Background: Endometriosis (EM) is a recognized co-morbid condition in women with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). This analysis evaluates the impact of EM on the health of women with CFS by comparing selected health characteristics and laboratory parameters in women with CFS with and without EM (CFS+EM and CFS-only). Methods: This secondary analysis included all 36 women with CFS from a cross-sectional study of CFS in Wichita, KS, conducted between 2002 and 2003. The health characteristics and laboratory parameters of interest included functioning, fatigue, CFS-related symptoms, gynecologic history, routine laboratory parameters, inflammatory markers, cortisol levels, allostatic load, and sleep parameters (overnight polysomnography). We used parametric or non-parametric tests to compare group differences in the selected health characteristics and laboratory parameters. For examining the association between EM and variables of interest, logistic regression models were performed and odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported for the magnitude of associations. Statistical significance was set at 0.05 (two-sided). Results: The mean age of this study sample was 50.9 years. Of women with CFS, 36.1% reported having EM. Age and body mass index (BMI) did not differ between CFS+EM and CFS-only groups. When examining the impact of EM, compared to women with CFS-only, women with both CFS and EM were more likely to report chronic pelvic pain [OR = 9.00 (95% CI, 1.47-55.25)] and hysterectomy [OR = 10.3 (1.82-58.39)], had more CFS symptoms (6.8 ± 0.3 vs. 5.5 ± 0.3, p = 0.02), younger mean age at menopause onset (36.4 ± 3.0 vs. 47.0 ± 2.7 years, p = 0.03), higher mean number of obstructive apnea episodes per hour (20.3 vs. 4.4, p = 0.05) and reported more negative life events (15.8 vs. 4.4, p = 0.05). Other parameters did not differ significantly between the two groups. Conclusions: We found more than a third of women with CFS reported endometriosis as a comorbid condition. The endometriosis comorbidity was associated with chronic pelvic pain, earlier menopause, hysterectomy, and more CFS-related symptoms. However, endometriosis in women with CFS did not appear to further impact functioning, fatigue, inflammatory markers, or other laboratory parameters. Further investigations including younger women are warranted.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in pediatrics"}},"pageStart":"195","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2019.00195","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92620257"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fped.2019.00195"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31179251"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92620257"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/binge-eating-in-patients-with-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-prevalence-causes-and-ma-fexsqxmf/","name":"Binge eating in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: prevalence, causes, and management strategies","headline":"Binge eating in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: prevalence, causes, and management strategies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/binge-eating-in-patients-with-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-prevalence-causes-and-ma-fexsqxmf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Krug I"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Giles S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paganini C"}],"datePublished":"2019-01-01","abstract":"Emerging evidence suggests that disordered eating, particularly binge-eating symptomatology, is overrepresented within Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) populations. This comorbidity presents a clinical dilemma as current treatment approaches for PCOS emphasize the importance of weight management, diet, exercise, and the potential for harm of such treatment approaches in PCOS patients with comorbid disordered eating. However, limited research has assessed the occurrence of binge eating and disordered eating in PCOS patients. Consequently, little is known about the prevalence of binge eating in PCOS, and the possible etiological processes to explain this comorbidity remain poorly understood. Given the paucity of research on this topic, the aims of this narrative review are fourfold: 1) to outline the main symptoms of PCOS and binge eating; 2) to provide an overview of the prevalence of binge eating in PCOS; 3) to outline possible etiological factors for the comorbidity between PCOS and binge eating; and 4) to provide an overview of management strategies of binge eating in PCOS.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment"}},"pageStart":"1273","pageEnd":"1285","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S168944","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64979748"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2147/NDT.S168944"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31190833"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q64979748"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/postpartum-depression-and-vitamin-d-a-systematic-review-ra5auv5s/","name":"Postpartum depression and vitamin D: A systematic review","headline":"Postpartum depression and vitamin D: A systematic review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/postpartum-depression-and-vitamin-d-a-systematic-review-ra5auv5s/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Saeed Amini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0339-8029","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Imam Khomeini Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05v2x6b69"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jafarirad S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3161-5329"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amani R","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0074-4080"}],"datePublished":"2019-01-01","abstract":"Postpartum depression (PPD) is a prevalent mood disorder estimated to affect 20%-40% of women worldwide after childbirth. In recent studies, the effect of vitamin D on prevention of mood disorders and depression has been investigated, but it is still unclear how vitamin D may affect PPD. The evidence on the relevance between vitamin D deficiency and PPD is inconsistent, and assessment of the recent literature has not previously been carried out. Moreover, there are few clinical studies on PPD and vitamin D supplementation. Five studies have so far assessed the relationship between the levels of vitamin D and PPD. Findings from cohort studies suggest that vitamin-D deficiency is related to the incidence of PPD and vitamin D may play a significant role in the recovery of women with PPD, but it is uncertain whether these actions are the effect of vitamin D on the function of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, the levels of estradiol, serotonin, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and/or of other mechanisms involved in PPD.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"59","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Critical reviews in food science and nutrition"}}},"pageStart":"1514","pageEnd":"1520","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2017.1423276","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47638701"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/10408398.2017.1423276"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29393662"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47638701"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/coat-a-count-progesterone-radioimmunoassay-reczmrxfvpggrb5lt/","name":"Coat-A-Count Progesterone Radioimmunoassay","headline":"Coat-A-Count Progesterone Radioimmunoassay","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/coat-a-count-progesterone-radioimmunoassay-reczmrxfvpggrb5lt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Johan O Nöthling","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5670-0960","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Production Animal Studies, Section of Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Onderstepoort. johan.nothling@up.ac.za."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kurt G.M. De Cramer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0143-1019"}],"datePublished":"2019-01-01","pageStart":"e1-e6","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91241909","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91241909"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recent-advances-in-understanding-and-managing-adenomyosis-ubvbuhzh/","name":"Recent advances in understanding and managing adenomyosis","headline":"Recent advances in understanding and managing adenomyosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recent-advances-in-understanding-and-managing-adenomyosis-ubvbuhzh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Silvia Vannuccini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5790-587X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"European Society for Sexual Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/004565978"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Felice Petraglia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8851-625X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Siena","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01tevnk56"}}],"datePublished":"2019-01-01","abstract":"Adenomyosis is a benign uterine disorder in which endometrial glands and stroma are pathologically demonstrated in the uterine myometrium and it is considered a specific entity in the PALM-COEIN FIGO (polyp; adenomyosis; leiomyoma; malignancy and hyperplasia; coagulopathy; ovulatory dysfunction; endometrial; iatrogenic; and not yet classified - International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) classification of causes of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB). Although it has always been considered the classic condition of multiparous women over 40 years old who have pain and heavy menstrual bleeding, diagnosed at hysterectomy, the epidemiological scenario has completely changed. Adenomyosis is increasingly identified in young women with pain, AUB, infertility, or no symptoms by using imaging techniques such as transvaginal ultrasound and magnetic resonance. However, there is no agreement on the definition and classification of adenomyotic lesions from both the histopathology and the imaging point of view, and the diagnosis remains difficult and unclear. A uniform and shared reporting system needs to be implemented in order to improve our understanding on imaging features, their relationship with pathogenic theories, and their importance in terms of clinical symptoms and response to treatment. In fact, adenomyosis pathogenesis remains elusive and not a single theory can explain all of the different phenotypes of the disease. Furthermore, adenomyosis often coexists with other gynecological conditions, such as endometriosis and uterine fibroids, increasing the heterogeneity of available data. Treatment requires a lifelong management plan as the disease has a negative impact on quality of life in terms of menstrual symptoms, fertility, and pregnancy outcome and has a high risk of miscarriage and obstetric complications.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"F1000Research"}},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.17242.1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64097744"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.12688/f1000research.17242.1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30918629"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q64097744"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-vitamin-d-supplementation-on-the-size-of-uterine-leiomyoma-in-wome-ykgrwpze/","name":"The effect of vitamin D supplementation on the size of uterine leiomyoma in women with vitamin D deficiency","headline":"The effect of vitamin D supplementation on the size of uterine leiomyoma in women with vitamin D deficiency","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-vitamin-d-supplementation-on-the-size-of-uterine-leiomyoma-in-wome-ykgrwpze/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hajhashemi M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ansari M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Haghollahi F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eslami B","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3011-9905"}],"datePublished":"2019-01-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Uterine leiomyomas (fibroids) are the most common benign pelvic tumors in women of reproductive age with an incidence ranging from 5.4% to 77%, Also, there is a high prevalence of vit D deficiency in Iran and there are the numbers of in vivo and vitro biological studies on the relationship of vitamin D and uterine leiomyomas. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of vit D supplementation on the size of uterine leiomyoma in women with vit D deficiency.\n\nMETHODS: This double-blind prospective clinical trial was performed on 69 patients with uterine leiomyomas who had vit D deficiency. Group A (n=35) was treated with vit D 50,000 IU every 2 weeks for 10 weeks, while group B (n=34) received placebo with same color and shape. Finally, the leiomyoma size in both groups was compared (IRCT: 20160521027998N5).\n\nRESULTS: After a 10-week intervention, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels were significantly higher in group receiving vitamin D (36.08 vs 16.25 ng/ml). (P<0.001) Leiomyomas size in vit D group significantly decreased as compared to placebo group (52.58 vs 61.11 mm, respectively).\n\nCONCLUSION: Our results showed that administration of vit D3 may reduce the size of leiomyoma. It seems that vitamin D administration is the effective way to treat leiomyoma.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Caspian journal of internal medicine"}}},"pageStart":"125","pageEnd":"131","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.22088/cjim.10.2.125","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92298266"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.22088/cjim.10.2.125"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31363390"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q92298266"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-surveillance-united-states-2016-wjev7z5i/","name":"Assisted Reproductive Technology Surveillance - United States, 2016","headline":"Assisted Reproductive Technology Surveillance - United States, 2016","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-surveillance-united-states-2016-wjev7z5i/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Saswati Sunderam","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dmitry M. Kissin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6483-0474","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yue Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4745-8038","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Suzanne G. Folger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sheree L. Boulet","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7638-7374","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lee Warner","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Callaghan WM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wanda D. Barfield","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5875-0475","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}}],"datePublished":"2019 Apr 26","abstract":"Assisted Reproductive Technology Surveillance - United States, 2016. Sunderam S(1), Kissin DM(1), Zhang Y(1), Folger SG(1), Boulet SL(2), Warner L(1), Callaghan WM(1), Barfield WD(1). (1)Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC. (2)Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia. PROBLEM/CONDITION: Since the first U.S. infant conceived with assisted reproductive technology (ART) was born in 1981, both the use of ART and the number of fertility clinics providing ART services have increased steadily in the United States. ART includes fertility treatments in which eggs or embryos are handled in the laboratory (i.e., in vitro fertilization [IVF] and related procedures). Although the majority of infants conceived through ART are singletons, women who undergo ART procedures are more likely than women who conceive naturally to deliver multiple-birth infants. Multiple births pose substantial risks for both mothers and infants, including obstetric complications, preterm delivery (<37 weeks), and low birthweight (<2,500 g). This report provides state-specific information for the United States (including the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico) on ART procedures performed in 2016 and compares birth outcomes that occurred in 2016 (resulting from ART procedures performed in 2015 and 2016) with outcomes for all infants born in the United States in 2016. PERIOD COVERED: 2016. DESCRIPTION OF SYSTEM: In 1995, CDC began collecting data on ART procedures performed in fertility clinics in the United States as mandated by the Fertility Clinic Success Rate and Certification Act of 1992 (FCSRCA) (Public Law 102-493 [October 24, 1992]). Data are collected through the National ART Surveillance System (NASS), a web-based data collection system developed by CDC. This report includes data from 52 reporting areas (the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico). RESULTS: In 2016, a total of 197,706 ART procedures (range: 162 in Wyoming to 24,030 in California) with the intent to transfer at least one embryo were performed in 463 U.S. fertility clinics and reported to CDC. These procedures resulted in 65,964 live-birth deliveries (range: 57 in Puerto Rico to 8,638 in California) and 76,892 infants born (range: 74 in Alaska to 9,885 in California). Nationally, the number of ART procedures performed per 1 million women of reproductive age (15-44 years), a proxy measure of the ART use rate, was 3,075. ART use rates exceeded the national rate in 14 reporting areas (Connecticut, Delaware, the District of Columbia, Hawaii, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Utah, and Virginia). ART use exceeded 1.5 times the national rate in nine states, including three (Illinois, Massachusetts, and New Jersey) that also had comprehensive mandated health insurance coverage for ART procedures (i.e., coverage for at least four oocyte retrievals). Nationally, among ART transfer procedures for patients using fresh embryos from their own eggs, the average number of embryos transferred increased with increasing age (1.5 among women aged <35 years, 1.7 among women aged 35-37 years, and 2.2 among women aged >37 years). Among women aged <35 years, the national elective single-embryo transfer (eSET) rate was 42.7% (range: 8.3% in North Dakota to 83.9% in Delaware). In 2016, ART contributed to 1.8% of all infants born in the United States (range: 0.3% in Puerto Rico to 4.7% in Massachusetts). ART also contributed to 16.4% of all multiple-birth infants, including 16.2% of all twin infants and 19.4% of all triplets and higher-order infants. ART-conceived twins accounted for approximately 96.5% (21,455 of 22,233) of all ART-conceived infants born in multiple deliveries. The percentage of multiple-birth infants was higher among infants conceived with ART (31.5%) than among all infants born in the total birth population (3.4%). Approximately 30.4% of ART-conceived infants were twins and 1.1% were triplets and higher-order infants. Nationally, infants conceived with ART contributed to 5.0% of all low birthweight (<2,500 g) infants. Among ART-conceived infants, 23.6% had low birthweight compared with 8.2% among all infants. ART-conceived infants contributed to 5.3% of all preterm (gestational age <37 weeks) infants. The percentage of preterm births was higher among infants conceived with ART (29.9%) than among all infants born in the total birth population (9.9%). The percentage of ART-conceived infants who had low birthweight was 8.7% among singletons, 54.9% among twins, and 94.9% among triplets and higher-order multiples; the corresponding percentages among all infants born were 6.2% among singletons, 55.4% among twins, and 94.6% among triplets and higher-order multiples. The percentage of ART-conceived infants who were born preterm was 13.7% among singletons, 64.2% among twins, and 97.0% among triplets and higher-order infants; t","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Surveillance summaries (Washington, D.C. : 2002)"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.ss6804a1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64086199"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.15585/mmwr.ss6804a1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"31022165"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q64086199"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/autologous-platelet-rich-plasma-treatment-enables-pregnancy-for-a-woman-in-prema-recup2crpekhvwkoz/","name":"Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma Treatment Enables Pregnancy for a Woman in  Premature Menopause","headline":"Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma Treatment Enables Pregnancy for a Woman in  Premature Menopause","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/autologous-platelet-rich-plasma-treatment-enables-pregnancy-for-a-woman-in-prema-recup2crpekhvwkoz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Konstantinos Sfakianoudis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7939-5903","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Human Reproduction, Genesis Athens Clinic, 14-16, Papanikoli, 15232 Athens, Greece"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Athanasios Pappas","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5393-1640","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Human Reproduction, Genesis Athens Clinic, Greece."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Agni Pantou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3224-5646","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Human Reproduction, Genesis Athens Clinic, Greece"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael Koutsilieris","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3340-9916","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National and Kapodistrian University of Athens","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gnjpq42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Konstantinos Pantos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8711-7911","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Human Reproduction, Genesis Athens Clinic, 14-16, Papanikoli, 15232 Athens, Greece"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Margarita Chronopoulou","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Human Reproduction, Genesis Athens Clinic, 14-16, Papanikoli, 15232 Athens, Greece"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Efthymios Deligeoroglou","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National and Kapodistrian University of Athens","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gnjpq42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nikolaos Nitsos","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Microbiology-Biochemical Department, Genesis Athens Clinic, Greece"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Rapani","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7636-5848","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gnjpq42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mara Simopoulou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1000-9100","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gnjpq42"}}],"datePublished":"2018-12-24","abstract":"This report presents the case of a woman aged 40 who has experienced premature menopause from the age of 35. Having rejected oocyte donation, she opted for intraovarian injection of autologous platelet-rich plasma with the aim to rejuvenate the ovarian tissue and enable the employment of her own gametes through in-vitro fertilization. Six weeks following the autologous platelet-rich plasma treatment, a significant reduction in the patient's follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels were noted. A natural in-vitro fertilization cycle led to a biochemical pregnancy, resulting in a spontaneous abortion at the 5th week of pregnancy. This is the first report of a successful autologous platelet-rich plasma application leading to pregnancy in menopause. This report uniquely contributes to the medical knowledge and challenges current practice in the context of infertility. The efficiency and safety of this treatment with regard to the reproductive system merits further investigation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"E1","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8010001","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62631887"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/jcm8010001"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30577435"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q62631887"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-influence-of-different-inositol-stereoisomers-supplementation-in-pregnancy-o-reczibawvpz3wawaq/","name":"The influence of different inositol stereoisomers supplementation in pregnancy on  maternal gestational diabetes mellitus and fetal outcomes in high-risk patients:  a randomized controlled trial","headline":"The influence of different inositol stereoisomers supplementation in pregnancy on  maternal gestational diabetes mellitus and fetal outcomes in high-risk patients:  a randomized controlled trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-influence-of-different-inositol-stereoisomers-supplementation-in-pregnancy-o-reczibawvpz3wawaq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Vincenzo Berghella","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2854-0239","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Thomas Jefferson University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ysqcn41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudio Celentano","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4976-2957","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Chieti-Pescara","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00qjgza05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marco Liberati","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7034-0973","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Chieti-Pescara","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00qjgza05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Barbara Matarrelli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8699-9035","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy;","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00qjgza05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peter A Mattei","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7343-5625","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Chieti-Pescara","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00qjgza05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Giulia Pavone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5018-8043","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Chieti-Pescara","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00qjgza05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ester Vitacolonna","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1756-661X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Chieti-Pescara","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00qjgza05"}}],"datePublished":"2018-12-19","abstract":"Objective: To identify the effects of different dietary inositol stereoisomers on insulin resistance and the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in women at high risk for this disorder.Design: A preliminary, prospective, randomized, placebo controlled clinical trial.\n\nParticipants: Nonobese singleton pregnant women with an elevated fasting glucose in the first or early second trimester were studied throughout pregnancy.\n\nIntervention: Supplementation with myo-inositol, d-chiro-inositol, combined myoand d-chiro-inositol or placebo.Main outcome measure: Development of GDM on a 75 grams oral glucose tolerance test at 24-28 weeks' gestation. Secondary outcome measures were increase in BMI, need for maternal insulin therapy, macrosomia, polyhydramnios, neonatal birthweight and hypoglycemia.\n\nResults: The group of women allocated to receive myo-inositol alone had a lower incidence of abnormal oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Nine women in the control group (C), one of the myo-inositol (MI), five in d-chiro-inositol (DCI), three in the myo-inositol/D-chiro-inositol group (MI/DCI) required insulin (p = .134). Basal, 1-hour, and 2 hours glycemic controls were significantly lower in exposed groups (p < .001, .011, and .037, respectively). The relative risk reduction related to primary outcome was 0.083, 0.559, and 0.621 for MI, DCI, and MI/DCI groups.\n\nConclusions: This study compared the different inositol stereoisomers in pregnancy to prevent GDM. Noninferiority analysis demonstrated the largest benefit in the myo-inositol group. The relevance of our findings is mainly related to the possibility of an effective approach in GDM. Our study confirmed the efficacy of inositol supplementation in pregnant women at risk for GDM.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"33","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Maternal-fetal & Neonatal Medicine : the Official Journal of the  European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania  Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians"}}},"pageStart":"743","pageEnd":"751","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/14767058.2018.1500545","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90590431"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/14767058.2018.1500545"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30558466"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q90590431"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/an-inexpensive-smartphone-based-device-for-point-of-care-ovulation-testing-recp1v7gldwzhgvfg/","name":"An inexpensive smartphone-based device for point-of-care ovulation testing","headline":"An inexpensive smartphone-based device for point-of-care ovulation testing","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/an-inexpensive-smartphone-based-device-for-point-of-care-ovulation-testing-recp1v7gldwzhgvfg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Prudhvi Thirumalaraju","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0573-0243","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kota Sai Pavan S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karthik Baskar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9702-8576","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Raghav Gupta","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5021-3774","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John C Petrozza","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5864-2119","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neeraj Gudipati","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Manoj Kumar Kanakasabapathy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0756-8585","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hemanth Kandula","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4573-6727","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Preethi Sangeetha Kathiresan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sandeep Kota Sai Pavan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0804-6233","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vaishnavi Potluri","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1005-8962","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hadi Shafiee","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2240-7648","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anand Soundararajan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Divyank Yarravarapu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6706-041X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}}],"datePublished":"2018-12-12","abstract":"The ability to accurately predict ovulation at-home using low-cost point-of-care diagnostics can be of significant help for couples who prefer natural family planning. Detecting ovulation-specific hormones in urine samples and monitoring basal body temperature are the current commonly home-based methods used for ovulation detection; however, these methods, relatively, are expensive for prolonged use and the results are difficult to comprehend. Here, we report a smartphone-based point-of-care device for automated ovulation testing using artificial intelligence (AI) by detecting fern patterns in a small volume (<100 μL) of saliva that is air-dried on a microfluidic device. We evaluated the performance of the device using artificial saliva and human saliva samples and observed that the device showed >99% accuracy in effectively predicting ovulation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Lab on a Chip"}}},"pageStart":"59","pageEnd":"67","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1039/c8lc00792f","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62492534"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1039/c8lc00792f"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30534677"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q62492534"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-and-infertility-definition-and-epidemiology-x9saqn7b/","name":"Fertility and infertility: Definition and epidemiology","headline":"Fertility and infertility: Definition and epidemiology","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-and-infertility-definition-and-epidemiology-x9saqn7b/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Vander Borght M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine Wyns","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6581-5003","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03s4khd80"}}],"datePublished":"2018-12-01","abstract":"Infertility is a disease characterized by the failure to establish a clinical pregnancy after 12 months of regular and unprotected sexual intercourse. It is estimated to affect between 8 and 12% of reproductive-aged couples worldwide. Males are found to be solely responsible for 20-30% of infertility cases but contribute to 50% of cases overall. Secondary infertility is the most common form of female infertility around the globe, often due to reproductive tract infections. The three major factors influencing the spontaneous probability of conception are the time of unwanted non-conception, the age of the female partner and the disease-related infertility. The chance of becoming spontaneously pregnant declines with the duration before conception. The fertility decline in female already starts around 25-30 years of age and the median age at last birth is 40-41 years in most studied populations experiencing natural fertility. The disease-related infertility may affect both genders or be specific to one gender. The factors affecting both genders' fertility are hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism, hyperprolactinemia, disorders of ciliary function, cystic fibrosis, infections, systemic diseases and lifestyle related factors/diseases. Premature ovarian insufficiency, polycystic ovary syndrome, endometriosis, uterine fibroids and endometrial polyps may play a role in female infertility. Male infertility may be due to testicular and post-testicular deficiencies. Semen decline that has been observed over the years, endocrine disrupting chemicals and consanguinity are other factors that may be involved.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"62","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical Biochemistry"}},"pageStart":"2","pageEnd":"10","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2018.03.012","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2018.03.012"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/observational-retrospective-study-of-us-national-utilisation-patterns-and-live-b-su4zwz68/","name":"Observational retrospective study of US national utilisation patterns and live birth rates for various ovarian stimulation protocols for in vitro fertilisation","headline":"Observational retrospective study of US national utilisation patterns and live birth rates for various ovarian stimulation protocols for in vitro fertilisation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/observational-retrospective-study-of-us-national-utilisation-patterns-and-live-b-su4zwz68/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kushnir VA","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0637-1166"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Darmon SK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"David H. Barad","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7980-2369","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05cf8a891"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Norbert Gleicher","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0202-4167","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Foundation for Reproductive Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hp71e29"}}],"datePublished":"2018-11-08","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: Alternative ovarian stimulation protocols for in vitro fertilisation  (IVF) have grown in popularity. Yet, patient populations best suited for these  protocols have not been defined. Our objective was, therefore, to determine  national IVF utilisation patterns and live birth rates of various ovarian  stimulation protocols. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Academic-affiliated private fertility centre. PARTICIPANTS: Aggregate data published by Society for Assisted Reproductive  Technology for autologous IVF cycles performed in the USA during 2014 and 2015  were analysed. IVF cycles were stratified based on ovarian stimulation protocol:  205 705 conventional stimulations, 4397 minimal stimulations, 2785 natural  cycles and 514 in vitro maturation (IVM) cycles. Repeat cycles could not be  determined in this analysis. OUTCOME MEASURES: Utilisation patterns and age-specific live birth rates for  various ovarian stimulation protocols. RESULTS: With advancing female age, utilisation of conventional stimulation  protocols decreased, while minimal stimulation and natural cycle IVF increased.  Diminished ovarian reserve diagnoses were in all age groups less prevalent in  patients undergoing conventional stimulation than with all other protocols. Live  birth rates were highest with conventional stimulation at 42.4%, 33.1%, 22.1%,  11.7% and 3.9% for <35, 35-37, 38-40, 41-42 and >42 female age groups,  respectively. The difference in live birth rates between conventional  stimulation and other protocols widened with advancing age from 1.6-fold to  3.9-fold among women <35 years of age, reaching 4.4-fold to 6.6-fold among women  >42 years of age. CONCLUSIONS: In comparison to conventional stimulation IVF-minimal stimulation,  natural cycle IVF and IVM protocols offer lower but still acceptable live birth  rates among young women. These alternative protocols are frequently used in  older women and those with diminished ovarian reserve, despite their lower live  birth rates. The reasons for this apparent incongruity warrant further careful  exploration.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ Open"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023124","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58576735"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023124"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30413508"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q58576735"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/rejecting-humanae-vitae-the-social-costs-of-denying-the-obvious-rec2xhvzrbveorxki/","name":"Rejecting Humanae Vitae: The Social Costs of Denying the Obvious","headline":"Rejecting Humanae Vitae: The Social Costs of Denying the Obvious","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/rejecting-humanae-vitae-the-social-costs-of-denying-the-obvious-rec2xhvzrbveorxki/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hanna Klaus","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical College of Wisconsin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00qqv6244"}}],"datePublished":"2018-11-01","abstract":"Since contraceptives have been used to remove fertility from the conjugal act, the social consequences predicted in the encyclical Humanae vitae, such as the rise in cohabitation, decline of marriage, rise of divorce, and single parenthood, have exceeded expectations. The degradation of the sexual act from total mutual self-giving to momentary union has led to doubting the significance of the biological truth of the body and opened the door to gender fluidity. Promiscuity became normative, and the need for consent became eroded until women revolted with the #MeToo movement. Promiscuity, cohabitation, and divorce have resulted in 40 percent of children born to unmarried parents whose tenuous unions often leave the children in melded and dysfunctional families. Relation-free \"hookups\" have become the norm among young adults, leaving a flood of emotionally damaged women, an epidemic of sexually transmitted infections, and unplanned pregnancies, to which the healthcare industry has responded by doubling down on the means which caused the problem in the first place with near-coercive promotion of long-acting, reversible contraceptives (LARCs). LARCs must be inserted and removed professionally and make reproductive choice moot. Respecting the truth of the body is the precise counter measure. A woman's cyclic fertility is easily observed with reliable biomarkers-natural family planning-which requires the whole person. Fertility awareness-based methods of family planning have no side effects, are easy to learn, and can be used to achieve as well as delay conception. The self-discovery inherent in learning fertility literacy has empowered adolescent girls and boys to understand and value their sexuality and fertility and avoid choosing harmful behaviors. Why does society continue to treat fertility as if it were a disease?\nSummary: Removing the idea of pregnancy from the sexual act as the result of readily available contraception has effectively limited choices about sexual behavior to the satisfaction of momentary desires. As Humanae vitae predicted, fewer marriages were contracted, divorce increased and now 40% of children are born out of wedlock despite extensive public education campaigns to promote contraception. Side effects of the hormonal pill have reduced their use so health care professionals have doubled down, providing long acting contraceptives which do not require the user to exercise choice before each act of intercourse, or of taking a pill. There is a much better way to regulate births-to learn to read the book of nature. Fertility is not a disease to be removed from the body. All that is needed is to understand the natural signs of fertility-natural family planning, now called FABM-Fertility Awareness-Based Methods. These have no side effects, enhance couple communication and offer effective choice for child spacing and demonstrably support premarital chastity for teens.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"85","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"322","pageEnd":"326","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/0024363918817319","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94221872"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/0024363918817319"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32431368"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q94221872"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dissociation-between-cervical-mucus-and-urinary-hormones-during-the-postpartum-return-of-fertility-in-breastfeeding-women-rec5a7fpy5xbwpcji/","name":"Dissociation between Cervical Mucus and Urinary Hormones during the Postpartum Return of Fertility in Breastfeeding Women","headline":"Dissociation between Cervical Mucus and Urinary Hormones during the Postpartum Return of Fertility in Breastfeeding Women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dissociation-between-cervical-mucus-and-urinary-hormones-during-the-postpartum-return-of-fertility-in-breastfeeding-women-rec5a7fpy5xbwpcji/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Leonard F Blackwell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massey University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052czxv31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas P Bouchard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5774-0286","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Calgary","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Simon Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7581-4998","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"James Cook University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gsp2c11"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Suzanne Parenteau-Carreau","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Serena Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"}}],"datePublished":"2018-11-01","abstract":"Identifying the return of fertility with cervical mucus observations is challenging during the postpartum period. Use of urinary measurements of estrogen and progesterone can assist in understanding the return to fertility during this period. The purposes of this study were to describe the postpartum return of fertility by an analysis of total estrogen (TE) and pregnanediol glucuronide (PDG) profiles and to correlate these profiles with cervical mucus observations. Twenty-six participants collected urine samples during the postpartum period and recorded mucus scores. TE and PDG hormones were analyzed and compared with mucus scores. During amenorrhea, mucus reflected TE changes in only 35 percent of women; after amenorrhea, typical mucus patterns were seen in 33 percent of cycles. We concluded that postpartum mucus and hormone profiles are significantly dissociated but that monitoring urinary hormones may assist in identifying the return of fertility. We also identified different hormonal patterns in the return to fertility. The postpartum period is a challenging time for identifying the return of fertility. The purposes of this study were to describe the hormonal patterns during the return of fertility and to correlate these patterns with cervical mucus observations. Twenty-six postpartum women collected urine samples and recorded mucus scores. Urinary estrogen and progesterone hormones were analyzed and compared with mucus scores. Before the return of menses, mucus reflected hormonal changes in only 35 percent women and after first menses in 33 percent of cycles. We found that hormone profiles do not correlate well with mucus observations during the postpartum return of fertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"85","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"399","pageEnd":"411","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/0024363918809698","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94221863"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/0024363918809698"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32431376"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q94221863"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/systematic-review-of-hormonal-contraception-and-risk-of-venous-thrombosis-recdvggqznyxdiq7c/","name":"Systematic Review of Hormonal Contraception and Risk of Venous Thrombosis","headline":"Systematic Review of Hormonal Contraception and Risk of Venous Thrombosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/systematic-review-of-hormonal-contraception-and-risk-of-venous-thrombosis-recdvggqznyxdiq7c/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marguerite Duane","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duquesne University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02336z538"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lynn Keenan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tyson Kerr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2425-0458","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Los Angeles","sameAs":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karl Van Gundy","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}}],"datePublished":"2018-11-01","abstract":"Background: Hormonal contraception (HC) is widely used throughout the world and has been associated with venous thrombosis (VT) such as deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary emboli, and cerebral VT.\n\nObjectives: To provide a current comprehensive overview of the risk of objectively confirmed VT with HC in healthy women compared to nonusers. SEARCH\n\nMethods: PubMed was searched from inception to April 2018 for eligible studies in the English language, with hand searching from past systematic reviews.\nSelection Criteria: We selected original research evaluating risk of objectively confirmed VT in healthy women taking oral or nonoral HC compared with nonusers. DATA COLLECTION: The primary outcome of interest was a fatal or nonfatal VT in users of HC compared to nonusers or past users. Studies with at least twenty events were eligible. Adjusted relative risks with 95 percent confidence intervals were reported. Three independent reviewers extracted data from selected studies.\n\nResults: 1,962 publications were retrieved through the search strategy, with 15 publications included. Users of oral contraception with levonorgesterol had increased risk of VT by a range of 2.79-4.07, while other oral hormonal preparations increased risk by 4.0-48.6. Levonorgestrel intrauterine devices did not increase risk. Etonogestrel/ethinyl estradiol vaginal rings increased the risk of VT by 6.5. Norelgestromin/ethinyl estradiol patches increased risk of VT by 7.9. Etonogestrel subcutaneous implants by 1.4 and depot-medroxyprogesterone by 3.6. The risk of fatal VT was increased in women aged fifteen to twenty-four by 18.8-fold.\n\nConclusion: Users of HC have a significant increased risk of VT compared to nonusers. Current risks would project at least 300-400 healthy young women dying yearly in the United States due to HC. Women should be informed of these risks and offered education in fertility-awareness-based methods with comparable efficacy for family planning.\nSummary: HC is widely used throughout the world and has been associated with blood clots in the legs and lungs. We searched the literature and found the risks of currently used forms of birth control increased between threeand ninefold for blood clots for healthy women. The risks found would project 300-400 women dying from using HC each year in the United States.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"85","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"470","pageEnd":"477","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/0024363918816683","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94221806"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/0024363918816683"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32431379"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q94221806"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-state-of-the-fertility-sector-20172018-recpgljjhosaktzqc/","name":"The State of the Fertility Sector 2017/2018","headline":"The State of the Fertility Sector 2017/2018","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-state-of-the-fertility-sector-20172018-recpgljjhosaktzqc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority"}],"datePublished":"2018-11-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/systematic-review-of-ovarian-activity-and-potential-for-embryo-formation-and-los-recoiufjcfwwkucwh/","name":"Systematic Review of Ovarian Activity and Potential for Embryo Formation and Loss during the Use of Hormonal Contraception","headline":"Systematic Review of Ovarian Activity and Potential for Embryo Formation and Loss during the Use of Hormonal Contraception","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/systematic-review-of-ovarian-activity-and-potential-for-embryo-formation-and-los-recoiufjcfwwkucwh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Cara Buskmiller","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1313-1192","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women’s Health, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Monique Chireau","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duke University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00py81415"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Donna Harrison","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gt45789"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lester Ruppersberger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Medical Association","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02se5xj66"}}],"datePublished":"2018-11-01","abstract":"The purpose of this review was to determine whether there is evidence that ovulation can occur in women using hormonal contraceptives and whether these drugs might inhibit implantation. We performed a systematic review of the published English-language literature from 1990 to the present which included studies on the hormonal milieu following egg release in women using any hormonal contraceptive method. High circulating estrogens and progestins in the follicular phase appear to induce dysfunctional ovulation, where follicular rupture occurs but is followed by low or absent corpus luteum production of progesterone. Hoogland scoring of ovulatory activity may inadvertently obscure the reality of ovum release by limiting the term \"ovulation\" to those instances where follicular rupture is followed by production of a threshold level of luteal progesterone, sufficient to sustain fertilization, implantation, and the end point of a positive β-human chorionic gonadotropin. However, follicular ruptures and egg release with subsequent low progesterone output have been documented in women using hormonal contraception. In the absence of specific ovulation and fertilization markers, follicular rupture should be considered the best marker for egg release and potential fertilization. Women using hormonal contraceptives may produce more eggs than previously described by established criteria; moreover, suboptimal luteal progesterone production may be more likely than previously acknowledged, which may contribute to embryo loss. This information should be included in informed consent for women who are considering the use of hormonal contraception. SUMMARY: For this study, the authors looked at English-language research articles that focused on how hormonal birth control, such as the birth control pill, may affect very early human embryos. The authors found that abnormal ovulation, or release of an egg followed by abnormal hormone levels, may often occur in women using hormonal birth control. This may increase the number of very early human embryos who are lost before a pregnancy test becomes positive. For women who are thinking about using hormonal birth control, this is important information to consider.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"85","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"453","pageEnd":"469","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/0024363918815611","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94221818"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/0024363918815611"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32431378"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q94221818"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-contraception-and-the-informed-consent-recg7zplwyauqkypo/","name":"Hormonal Contraception and the Informed Consent","headline":"Hormonal Contraception and the Informed Consent","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-contraception-and-the-informed-consent-recg7zplwyauqkypo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathleen Mary Raviele","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2062-8041","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dekalb Medical Tucker, Georgia, USA"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David J Hilger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Omaha Guild of the CMA, Omaha, NE, USA"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Teresa A Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute for Human Reproduction","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2018-11-01","abstract":"Since the 1960s, hormonal contraceptives have become the most commonly used method of pregnancy prevention in the United States and the world. Oral contraceptives are used by a large percentage of women, including Christian women. There are known health risks to women demonstrated in research published since Pope Paul VI's prophetic encyclical Humanae vitae in 1968. These risks include venous thrombosis, cardiovascular risks, and an increased risk of cancer. These risks are medically recognized with continued scientific debate on the degree. The risks are significantly increased with preexisting conditions and in certain demographic groups. Discussing known and potential treatment risks is a standard that is both accepted by the medical community and is increasingly expected by patients. This discussion can be accomplished by the mechanism and principle of informed consent. Depending on the circumstances, abstinence or fertility awareness-based methods (FABMs) should be presented to patients. FABMs are licit, safe, and effective methods of pregnancy prevention. Informed consent is the most effective means of providing patients with pertinent information on the significant risks of contraception. SUMMARY: This article discusses the use of the informed consent to provide patients with information on the medical and ethical risks of oral contraceptives. FABMs and abstinence are presented as effective, safe, and licit preferences to oral contraceptives. Discussing known and potential treatment risks is accepted by the medical community and expected by patients (shared decision making). The authors discuss the historical context of Pope Paul VI's encyclical Humanae vitae in relationship to the development and rapid adoption of oral contraceptives.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"85","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"375","pageEnd":"384","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/0024363918813579","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94221890"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/0024363918813579"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32431374"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q94221890"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-state-of-the-science-of-natural-family-planning-fifty-years-after-humane-vit-recqvfimihxh5lbzh/","name":"The State of the Science of Natural Family Planning Fifty Years after Humane  Vitae: A Report from NFP Scientists' Meeting Held at the US Conference of  Catholic Bishops, April 4, 2018","headline":"The State of the Science of Natural Family Planning Fifty Years after Humane  Vitae: A Report from NFP Scientists' Meeting Held at the US Conference of  Catholic Bishops, April 4, 2018","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-state-of-the-science-of-natural-family-planning-fifty-years-after-humane-vit-recqvfimihxh5lbzh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael D Manhart","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1727-1846","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"RTI International","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052tfza37"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}}],"datePublished":"2018-11-01","abstract":"A one-day meeting of physicians, professional nurses, and scientists actively involved in Natural Family Planning (NFP) research was held to review the state of the science of NFP and consider future priorities. The meeting had four objectives: (i) determine the gaps in research evidence for secure methods of NFP among women of all reproductive categories, (ii) determine the gaps in the research and development of new technology for providing NFP services, (iii) determine the gaps in the research that determine the benefits and challenges with use of NFP among married couples, and (iv) provide prioritized ideas for future research needs from the analysis of evidence gaps from objectives above. This article summarizes the discussion and conclusions drawn from topics reviewed. While much has been accomplished in the fifty years since Humane vitae, there are still many gaps to address. Five areas for future research in NFP were identified as high priority: (1) well-designed method effectiveness studies among various reproductive categories including important subpopulations (postpartum, perimenopause, posthormonal contraceptive), normally cycling women (especially US women), and comparative studies between NFP methods; (2) validation studies to establish the benefit of charting fertility signs (both currently known and potential new indicators) as a screening tool for women's health issues; (3) ongoing independent evaluation of fertility monitoring apps to provide users perspective on the relative merits of each and to identify those most worthy of further effectiveness testing; (4) studies evaluating the impact of new technologies on NFP adoption, use, and persistence; and (5) creation of a shared database across various NFP methods to collaborate on shared research interests, longitudinal studies, and so on. This summarizes a meeting to review the scientific and medical progress related to natural family planning made in the 50 years since Humane Vitae and to define priorities for future work. Areas reviewed included the evidence for avoiding pregnancy in normally cycling, postpartum, and perimenopausal women, the impact of new technology, including fertility charting apps, on NFP, and the impact on relationships and personal well-being from use of NFP. Five priority focus areas for future research were also identified.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"85","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"339","pageEnd":"347","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/0024363918809699","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94221847"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/0024363918809699"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32431371"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q94221847"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/bioethical-and-moral-perspectives-in-human-reproductive-medicine-rec2utcviz9bkrywc/","name":"Bioethical and Moral Perspectives in Human Reproductive Medicine","headline":"Bioethical and Moral Perspectives in Human Reproductive Medicine","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/bioethical-and-moral-perspectives-in-human-reproductive-medicine-rec2utcviz9bkrywc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lucas A McLindon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2044-8681","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mater Health Services","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mjtdk61"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph Turner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6443-2708","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Queensland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00rqy9422"}}],"datePublished":"2018-11-01","abstract":"A reductive reading of Humanae vitae seeks to limit its appeal to a ban on contraception. In truth, however, it offers a vision of human sexuality and conjugal love with broad and enduring relevance. In setting forth the intrinsic complementarity and irreducibility of the unitive and procreative dimensions of the conjugal act, Paul VI has given us a hermeneutical key for assessing many contemporary ethical dilemmas in human reproductive medicine. From this perspective, this article seeks to apply the logic of Humanae vitae to several real-life scenarios confronted by medical practitioners, educators, and ethicists working in the field of fertility and reproductive health. These include a consideration of the ethics of prescribing hormonal contraceptives, the possibilities of investigating male infertility, issues of cooperation in counseling and assisting conception in same-sex relationships, the ethics pertaining to assisted reproductive technology (ART), the contested case of prenatal adoption, and the application of double-effect reasoning.\nSummary: On the occasion of the fiftieth anniversary of the promulgation of Pope Paul VI's encyclical Humanae vitae, this article seeks to defend its enduring relevance to modern-day society, through application of its reasoning to contemporary dilemmas in reproductive medicine. It considers real cases of the ethics of prescribing hormonal contraceptives, of investigating male infertility, of cooperating in counseling and assisting conception in same-sex relationships, of ART, of prenatal adoption, and the application of double-effect reasoning.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"85","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"385","pageEnd":"398","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/0024363918816697","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94221900"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/0024363918816697"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"32431375"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q94221900"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/beyond-fertility-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-and-long-term-health-recwggpyc9z7gnduq/","name":"Beyond fertility: polycystic ovary syndrome and long-term health","headline":"Beyond fertility: polycystic ovary syndrome and long-term health","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/beyond-fertility-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-and-long-term-health-recwggpyc9z7gnduq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Laura G Cooney","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2374-3806","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Wisconsin–Madison","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anuja Dokras","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1085-3969","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pennsylvania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10"}}],"datePublished":"2018-10-15","abstract":"Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a reproductive, endocrine, and metabolic disorder affecting millions of women worldwide. Women with PCOS are often identified in adolescence or early adulthood with symptoms of oligomenorrhea or hirsutism or when presenting for infertility care. The health risks associated out of PCOS, however, go far beyond management of these common presenting symptoms or fertility treatment and likely extend past the reproductive years through and beyond menopause. International surveys suggest that most patients are dissatisfied with long-term counseling related to medical and psychologic issues. We performed a review of comorbidities, including diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, obesity, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, depression, anxiety, obstructive sleep apnea, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, endometrial cancer, and cardiovascular disease, in both reproductive-age and older women with PCOS. Most meta-analyses in reproductive-age women demonstrate increased risks independent from obesity. Longitudinal and cross-sectional studies including women with PCOS >40 years of age are limited in number and design, but many demonstrate that some of these comorbidities persist. All providers involved in the multidimensional care of women with PCOS should be aware of these long-term health risks to provide appropriate counseling, screening, and management options. We identify limitations that should be the focus of future studies designed to study health outcomes in postmenopausal women with PCOS.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"110","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"794","pageEnd":"809","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.08.021","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57486387"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.08.021"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30316414"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q57486387"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/modifiable-life-style-factors-and-risk-for-incident-endometriosis-rech6oqeawczajs4z/","name":"Modifiable life style factors and risk for incident endometriosis","headline":"Modifiable life style factors and risk for incident endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/modifiable-life-style-factors-and-risk-for-incident-endometriosis-rech6oqeawczajs4z/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C Matthew Peterson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4644-602X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kristina Allen‐Brady","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9394-5211","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S E Simonsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-7671","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jiyoung Byun","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1628-0206","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Public Health Department of Family and Preventive Medicine University of Utah  Salt Lake City Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/034de1n65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ken R Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0682-3705","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kristina Allen-Brady","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6919-493X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Germaine M Buck Louis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1774-4490","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rachael Hemmert","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sydney K Willis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6858-5450","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Boston University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493"}}],"datePublished":"2018-10-12","abstract":"Background: Caffeine, alcohol, smoking and physical activity are known to alter sex steroid synthesis, which may affect hormone-dependent gynaecologic disease risk, such as endometriosis; however, few studies have assessed life style factors prior to endometriosis diagnosis.\n\nMethods: Four hundred and seventy three women, ages 18-44 years, underwent laparoscopy or laparotomy, regardless of clinical indication, at 14 clinic sites, 2007-2009. Women with prior surgically confirmed endometriosis were excluded. Life style factors were assessed prior to surgery. Adjusted risk ratios (RR) of endometriosis by caffeine, alcohol, smoking (serum cotinine), and physical activity were estimated, adjusting for age, marital status, education, race/ethnicity, age at menarche, gravidity, BMI, study site, and other life style factors.\n\nResults: There were no associations between women with endometriosis and alcohol consumption (RR 0.9, 95% CI 0.7, 1.3), caffeine consumption (RR 1.1, 95% CI 0.8, 1.5), or smoking (serum cotinine <10 vs ≥10 ng/mL; RR 1.0, 95% CI 0.7, 1.6). Similar null findings were found between endometriosis and weekly occurrences of physical activity and total walking, moderate, and vigorous activity; a modest trend was found between total daily sitting time and increased endometriosis risk.\n\nConclusions: This study, which is unique in its capture of life style exposures prior to incident endometriosis diagnosis, largely found no association between alcohol, caffeine, smoking, and physical activity and risk of endometriosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"33","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology"}}},"pageStart":"19","pageEnd":"25","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/ppe.12516","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57281497"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/ppe.12516"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30307628"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q57281497"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/letter-to-the-editor-long-term-testosterone-administration-on-insulin-sensitivit-reccbw7d49qi4rrab/","name":"Letter to the Editor: \"Long-Term Testosterone Administration on Insulin  Sensitivity in Older Men With Low or Low-Normal Testosterone Levels\"","headline":"Letter to the Editor: \"Long-Term Testosterone Administration on Insulin  Sensitivity in Older Men With Low or Low-Normal Testosterone Levels\"","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/letter-to-the-editor-long-term-testosterone-administration-on-insulin-sensitivit-reccbw7d49qi4rrab/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Patricio H Contreras","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4258-2454","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fundación Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04nvpdc40"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}}],"datePublished":"2018-10-10","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"104","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"678","pageEnd":"679","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2018-01598","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57294701"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jc.2018-01598"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30299455"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q57294701"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-ethics-of-interstitial-and-cesarean-scar-ectopic-pregnancies-four-case-studi-recmtlvubsyuacp9l/","name":"The Ethics of Interstitial and Cesarean Scar Ectopic Pregnancies: Four Case  Studies and a Review of the Literature","headline":"The Ethics of Interstitial and Cesarean Scar Ectopic Pregnancies: Four Case  Studies and a Review of the Literature","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-ethics-of-interstitial-and-cesarean-scar-ectopic-pregnancies-four-case-studi-recmtlvubsyuacp9l/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Cara Buskmiller","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1313-1192","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women’s Health, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}}],"datePublished":"2018-10-03","abstract":"Catholic bioethicists have extensively addressed extrauterine tubal pregnancies, which represent the great majority of ectopic pregnancies. However, additional management options have been developed for the other 7-10 percent of ectopic pregnancies. Using two cases of interstitial pregnancy and two cases of cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) seen at a Catholic tertiary care center, this article discusses options including expectant management, systemic methotrexate, intragestational methotrexate, intragestational potassium chloride, uterine artery embolization, dilation and curettage (D&C), vasopressin use, cornuostomy, cornual wedge resection, CSP evacuation, CSP scar excision, CSP salvage, and hysterectomy. Cornual wedge resection, vasopressin use, and CSP scar excision are morally acceptable; less clearly licit are aspiration of gestational sac contents, cornuostomy, gestational excision for CSPs, and methotrexate. Certainly illicit are any techniques leading to direct abortion such as D&Cs on live embryos or fetuses, double-balloon catheter placement, and use of potassium chloride.\nSummary: An ectopic pregnancy is any pregnancy outside the uterus. These are dangerous because the pregnancy can burst out of its abnormal location and cause life-threatening internal bleeding. Most are in the part of the fallopian tube outside the uterus, but there are other types, including interstitial pregnancies (located in the part of the tube tunneling through the uterine wall) and cesarean scar pregnancies (buried in the uterine scar where the cut for a C-section was made). This article lists the ways that physicians prevent women from dying from interstitial and cesarean scar pregnancies and proposes which treatments are morally acceptable.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"85","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"252","pageEnd":"269","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/0024363918788858","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57137314"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/0024363918788858"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30275610"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q57137314"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vulvodynia-a-disease-commonly-hidden-in-plain-sight-svyt4rrp/","name":"Vulvodynia: A disease commonly hidden in plain sight","headline":"Vulvodynia: A disease commonly hidden in plain sight","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vulvodynia-a-disease-commonly-hidden-in-plain-sight-svyt4rrp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Vieira-Baptista P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lima-Silva J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pérez-López FR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Preti M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bornstein J"}],"datePublished":"2018-10-01","abstract":"•Vulvodynia affects at least 6% of women, and can be found at any age and in all ethnic groups.•The diagnosis is one of exclusion but is very often missed.•Women with vulvodynia are frequently misdiagnosed as having vaginismus.•Failure to make the diagnosis often leads to irrelevant or deleterious examinations and treatments.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"20","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Case Reports in Women's Health"}},"pageStart":"e00079","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crwh.2018.e00079","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.crwh.2018.e00079"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sexgender-differences-in-irritable-bowel-syndrome-x8720cqd/","name":"Sex-Gender Differences in Irritable Bowel Syndrome","headline":"Sex-Gender Differences in Irritable Bowel Syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sexgender-differences-in-irritable-bowel-syndrome-x8720cqd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"You Shin Kim","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5775-7464","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"CHA University Gangnam Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05rtdxx03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kim N"}],"datePublished":"2018-10-01","abstract":"Because of the sex-gender differences that are shown in a diversity of physiological and psychological factors, it can be speculated that the clinical presentation of symptoms as well as treatment strategies in women and men with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) may differ. Studies have revealed that IBS is more common in women than men. As for the IBS subtype, IBS with constipation is significantly more prevalent among women than men. Sex hormones and gender differences may play important roles in the pathophysiology of IBS. However, its pathophysiologic mechanisms still remain largely unknown, and therapeutic implications are limited. Moreover, women IBS patients have been reported to feel more fatigue, depression, anxiety, and lower quality of life than men IBS patients. Furthermore, there has been evidence of differences in the appropriate treatment efficacy to IBS in men and women, although relatively few men are enrolled in most relevant clinical trials. A more sex-gender-oriented approach in the medical care setting could improve understanding of heterogeneous patients suffering from IBS. An individualized and multicomponent approach including sex and gender issues might help improve the treatment of IBS.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility"}}},"pageStart":"544","pageEnd":"558","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.5056/jnm18082","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.5056/jnm18082"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metabolic-syndrome-in-women-with-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-rec2qhczobjszzd82/","name":"Metabolic syndrome in women with polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"Metabolic syndrome in women with polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metabolic-syndrome-in-women-with-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-rec2qhczobjszzd82/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Swaramya Chandrasekaran","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1864-7278","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Indira Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00nf20x22"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Haritha Sagili","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1372-7634","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fq2px14"}}],"datePublished":"2018-10-01","abstract":"Key content The risk factors for metabolic syndrome include central obesity, hypertension, atherogenic dyslipidaemia and insulin resistance. Metabolic syndrome affects 33% of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and has been less well researched than other features such as infertility, anovulation and hirsutism. Consequences of metabolic syndrome include cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes, cancer, sleep apnoea and psychological problems. Cardiometabolic risk screening involves obtaining data on smoking history, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, lipid profile, and taking an oral glucose tolerance test. Management of metabolic syndrome should focus on risk factors and individual components. Lifestyle modification is the only recommended intervention at present. Learning objectives To know the pathogenesis and consequences of metabolic syndrome in women with PCOS. To understand the diagnostic criteria and screening procedures for metabolic syndrome. To learn how to manage metabolic syndrome in women with PCOS. Ethical issues Potential preventive long‐term medication raises two issues: duration of therapy and unwarranted adverse effects. Advocating bariatric surgery without availability of robust evidence in PCOS women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"20","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Obstetrician & Gynaecologist"}}},"pageStart":"245","pageEnd":"252","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tog.12519","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/tog.12519"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/low-dose-naltrexone-ldn-review-of-therapeutic-utilization-rec55u5pxjyx3k5yp/","name":"Low-Dose Naltrexone (LDN)-Review of Therapeutic Utilization","headline":"Low-Dose Naltrexone (LDN)-Review of Therapeutic Utilization","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/low-dose-naltrexone-ldn-review-of-therapeutic-utilization-rec55u5pxjyx3k5yp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Karlo Toljan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3189-9659","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Zagreb","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00mv6sv71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bruce Vrooman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dartmouth–Hitchcock Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00d1dhh09"}}],"datePublished":"2018-09-27","abstract":"Naltrexone and naloxone are classical opioid antagonists. In substantially lower than standard doses, they exert different pharmacodynamics. Low-dose naltrexone (LDN), considered in a daily dose of 1 to 5 mg, has been shown to reduce glial inflammatory response by modulating Toll-like receptor 4 signaling in addition to systemically upregulating endogenous opioid signaling by transient opioid-receptor blockade. Clinical reports of LDN have demonstrated possible benefits in diseases such as fibromyalgia, Crohn's disease, multiple sclerosis, complex-regional pain syndrome, Hailey-Hailey disease, and cancer. In a dosing range at less than 1 μg per day, oral naltrexone or intravenous naloxone potentiate opioid analgesia by acting on filamin A, a scaffolding protein involved in μ-opioid receptor signaling. This dose is termed ultra low-dose naltrexone/naloxone (ULDN). It has been of use in postoperative control of analgesia by reducing the need for the total amount of opioids following surgery, as well as ameliorating certain side-effects of opioid-related treatment. A dosing range between 1 μg and 1 mg comprises very low-dose naltrexone (VLDN), which has primarily been used as an experimental adjunct treatment for boosting tolerability of opioid-weaning methadone taper. In general, all of the low-dose features regarding naltrexone and naloxone have been only recently and still scarcely scientifically evaluated. This review aims to present an overview of the current knowledge on these topics and summarize the key findings published in peer-review sources. The existing potential of LDN, VLDN, and ULDN for various areas of biomedicine has still not been thoroughly and comprehensively addressed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Medical Sciences (Basel, Switzerland)"}}},"pageStart":"E82","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci6040082","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59238855"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/medsci6040082"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30248938"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q59238855"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-contemporary-hormonal-contraception-and-ovarian-cancer-in-wo-fqhzacfb/","name":"Association between contemporary hormonal contraception and ovarian cancer in women of reproductive age in Denmark: prospective, nationwide cohort study","headline":"Association between contemporary hormonal contraception and ovarian cancer in women of reproductive age in Denmark: prospective, nationwide cohort study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-contemporary-hormonal-contraception-and-ovarian-cancer-in-wo-fqhzacfb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa Iversen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0424-7740","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Aberdeen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016476m91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shona Fielding","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5363-8188","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035b05819"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Øjvind Lidegaard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9157-4004","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rigshospitalet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mchdq19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lina Steinrud Mørch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6506-2569","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Danish Cancer Society","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ytt7k16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Charlotte Wessel Skovlund","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6234-359X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Danish Cancer Society","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ytt7k16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Philip C Hannaford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2588-1006","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Forest Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03wcc3744"}}],"datePublished":"2018-09-26","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: To investigate the association between contemporary combined hormonal contraceptives (including progestogen types in combined preparations and all progestogen-only products) and overall and specific types of ovarian cancer.\n\nDESIGN: Prospective, nationwide cohort study.\n\nSETTING: Denmark, 1995-2014.\n\nPARTICIPANTS: All women aged 15-49 years during 1995-2014 were eligible. Women were excluded if they immigrated after 1995, had cancer (except non-melanoma skin cancer), had venous thrombosis, or were treated for infertility before entry (final study population included 1 879 227 women). Women were categorised as never users (no record of being dispensed hormonal contraception), current or recent users (≤1 year after stopping use), or former users (>1 year after stopping use) of different hormonal contraceptives.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Poisson regression was used to calculate relative risk of ovarian cancer among users of any contemporary combined hormonal contraceptives and by progestogen type in combined preparations and all progestogen-only products, including non-oral preparations. Separate analyses examined women followed up to their first contraception type switch and those with full contraceptive histories. Duration, time since last use, and tumour histology were examined and the population prevented fraction were calculated.\n\nRESULTS: During 21.4 million person years, 1249 incident ovarian cancers occurred. Among ever users of hormonal contraception, 478 ovarian cancers were recorded over 13 344 531 person years. Never users had 771 ovarian cancers during 8 150 250 person years. Compared with never users, reduced risks of ovarian cancer occurred with current or recent use and former use of any hormonal contraception (relative risk 0.58 (95% confidence interval 0.49 to 0.68) and 0.77 (0.66 to 0.91), respectively). Relative risks among current or recent users decreased with increasing duration (from 0.82 (0.59 to 1.12) with ≤1 year use to 0.26 (0.16 to 0.43) with >10 years' use; P<0.001 for trend). Similar results were achieved among women followed up to their first switch in contraceptive type. Little evidence of major differences in risk estimates by tumour type or progestogen content of combined oral contraceptives was seen. Use of progestogen-only products were not associated with ovarian cancer risk. Among ever users of hormonal contraception, the reduction in the age standardised absolute rate of ovarian cancer was 3.2 per 100 000 person years. Based on the relative risk for the never use versus ever use categories of hormonal contraception (0.66), the population prevented fraction was estimated to be 21%-that is, use of hormonal contraception prevented 21% of ovarian cancers in the study population.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Use of contemporary combined hormonal contraceptives is associated with a reduction in ovarian cancer risk in women of reproductive age-an effect related to duration of use, which diminishes after stopping use. These data suggest no protective effect from progestogen-only products.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"362","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ (Clinical research ed.)"}},"pageStart":"k3609","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.k3609","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91782994"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj.k3609"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30257920"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91782994"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-oral-contraceptive-use-with-suicidal-behavior-among-representativ-rec5h63itux0dducg/","name":"Association of oral contraceptive use with suicidal behavior among representative  Korean population: Results from Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination  Survey (2007-2016)","headline":"Association of oral contraceptive use with suicidal behavior among representative  Korean population: Results from Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination  Survey (2007-2016)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-oral-contraceptive-use-with-suicidal-behavior-among-representativ-rec5h63itux0dducg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sun Jae Jung","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9651-3921","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yonsei University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"So Mi Jemma Cho","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2460-3335","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yonsei University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hyeon Chang Kim","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5176-2491","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yonsei University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"SiHyun Cho","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2718-6645","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yonsei University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96"}}],"datePublished":"2018-09-17","abstract":"Introduction: The association of suicide with the use of oral contraceptives (OC) is unknown in the Asian population. We aimed to evaluate the association of OC use and suicidal behavior in a nationally representative population of Korean women. METHOD: Of the 44,501 women who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) (2007-2016), 27,067 women aged 20 years or older who had completed information on OC use and suicidal behavior were included. Women with a history of cancer were excluded. Compared to non-users of OC, odds ratios (ORs) for suicide attempt/ideation were calculated using a multivariable logistic regression among OC users, with testing of the interaction term of OC use and history of depression. We also conducted a stratified analysis by history of depression.\n\nResults: A total of 4,067 women (14.0%) reported they had suicide ideations or had attempted suicide, respectively. OC use was associated with an increased prevalence of suicidality (OR = 1.13, 95% CI 1.00-1.24) after adjustments for age, demographic factors, age of menarche, and lifestyle behaviors. When stratified by history of depression diagnosis, ORs linearly increased as the total duration of OC use lengthened among women with a history of depression; however, women without a history of depression showed peaked OR at 4to 12-month use.\n\nConclusion: There is an increased association between OC use and suicidality and the pattern of the relationship differs depending on whether there is a history of depression.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"243","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Affective Disorders"}},"pageStart":"8","pageEnd":"15","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2018.09.004","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57213030"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jad.2018.09.004"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30219691"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q57213030"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-two-figo-systems-for-normal-and-abnormal-uterine-bleeding-symptoms-and-class-reclhepbwp5lkjq24/","name":"The two FIGO systems for normal and abnormal uterine bleeding symptoms and  classification of causes of abnormal uterine bleeding in the reproductive years:  2018 revisions","headline":"The two FIGO systems for normal and abnormal uterine bleeding symptoms and  classification of causes of abnormal uterine bleeding in the reproductive years:  2018 revisions","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-two-figo-systems-for-normal-and-abnormal-uterine-bleeding-symptoms-and-class-reclhepbwp5lkjq24/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Malcolm G Munro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2998-6961","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaiser Permanente West Los Angeles Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/031caxb92"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hilary Critchley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1913-4044","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Edinburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"the FIGO Menstrual Disorders Committee"},{"@type":"Person","name":"FIGO Menstrual Disorders Committee"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ian S Fraser","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Hospital for Women","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021cxfs56"}}],"datePublished":"2018-09-11","abstract":"Background: The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) systems for nomenclature of symptoms of normal and abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) in the reproductive years (FIGO AUB System 1) and for classification of causes of AUB (FIGO AUB System 2; PALM-COEIN) were first published together in 2011. The purpose was to harmonize the definitions of normal and abnormal bleeding symptoms and to classify and subclassify underlying potential causes of AUB in the reproductive years to facilitate research, education, and clinical care. The systems were designed to be flexible and to be periodically reviewed and modified as appropriate.\n\nObjectives: To review, clarify, and, where appropriate, revise the previously published systems. METHODOLOGY AND OUTCOME: To a large extent, the process has been an iterative one involving the FIGO Menstrual Disorders Committee, as well as a number of invited contributions from epidemiologists, gynecologists, and other experts in the field from around the world between 2012 and 2017. Face-to-face meetings have been held in Rome, Vancouver, and Singapore, and have been augmented by a number of teleconferences and other communications designed to evaluate various aspects of the systems. Where substantial change was considered, anonymous voting, in some instances using a modified RAND Delphi technique, was utilized.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"143","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: the Official Organ of the  International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics"}}},"pageStart":"393","pageEnd":"408","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/ijgo.12666","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91353210"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/ijgo.12666"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30198563"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91353210"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/innovations-in-womens-bone-health-appreciating-important-bone-variables-besides--recesjbcdk7zlwrud/","name":"Innovations in Women's Bone Health-Appreciating Important \"Bone Variables\" Besides Estrogen","headline":"Innovations in Women's Bone Health-Appreciating Important \"Bone Variables\" Besides Estrogen","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/innovations-in-womens-bone-health-appreciating-important-bone-variables-besides--recesjbcdk7zlwrud/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2018-09-05","abstract":"n/a","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"}}},"pageStart":"E1929","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15091929","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58762464"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/ijerph15091929"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30189600"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q58762464"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effectiveness-of-an-antioxidant-preparation-with-nacetyl-cysteine-alpha-lipoic-a-fgsgircy/","name":"Effectiveness of an antioxidant preparation with N-acetyl cysteine, alpha lipoic acid and bromelain in the treatment of endometriosis-associated pelvic pain: LEAP study","headline":"Effectiveness of an antioxidant preparation with N-acetyl cysteine, alpha lipoic acid and bromelain in the treatment of endometriosis-associated pelvic pain: LEAP study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effectiveness-of-an-antioxidant-preparation-with-nacetyl-cysteine-alpha-lipoic-a-fgsgircy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lete I","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0266-3970"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mendoza N","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1653-2509"},{"@type":"Person","name":"de la Viuda E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carmona F","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0172-1761"}],"datePublished":"2018-09-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of an antioxidant preparation with N-acetyl cysteine, alpha lipoic acid and bromelain on endometriosis-associated pelvic pain.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: Multicenter, open-label, non-comparative clinical trial in a representative sample of women with endometriosis-associated pelvic pain.\n\nRESULTS: In total, 398 patients with a mean age of 34.6 ± 7.2 years were treated with a combination of N-acetyl cysteine, alpha lipoic acid and bromelain for 6 months. At baseline, 92.7% of the patients had pain intensity > 4 on the visual analogue scale (VAS); at 3 months of treatment, this percentage decreased to 87.2% (p = 0.074) and at 6 months the percentage was 82.7% (p < 0.05).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Women with endometriosis who wish to become pregnant and are treated with a preparation containing N-acetyl cysteine, alpha lipoic acid and bromelain experienced a significant improvement in endometriosis-associated pelvic pain and required lower intake of rescue analgesics.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"228","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology"}},"pageStart":"221","pageEnd":"224","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2018.07.002","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q95595040"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ejogrb.2018.07.002"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30007250"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q95595040"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/art-in-europe-2014-results-generated-from-european-registries-by-eshre-mqnfxgyv/","name":"ART in Europe, 2014: results generated from European registries by ESHRE","headline":"ART in Europe, 2014: results generated from European registries by ESHRE","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/art-in-europe-2014-results-generated-from-european-registries-by-eshre-mqnfxgyv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Christian De Geyter","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0889-6310","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Basel","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02s6k3f65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carlos Calhaz-Jorge","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2941-113X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nuffield Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01w2zd907"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kupka MS","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6559-0580"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine Wyns","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6581-5003","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03s4khd80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Edgar Mocanu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3094-4892","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01hxy9878"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Motrenko T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Scaravelli G","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0720-9467"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Smeenk","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3053-0358","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00q6h8f30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vidakovic S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4789-0464"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Goossens V; European IVF-monitoring Consortium (EIM); European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE)"}],"datePublished":"2018-09-01","abstract":"---\ntitle: \"ART in Europe, 2014: results generated from European registries by ESHRE\"\nsource_file: \"eshre-eim-2014-source.pdf\"\ndoi: \"10.1093/humrep/dey242\"\njournal: \"Human Reproduction, pp. 1-16, 2018\"\npages: 16\nextracted_date: \"2026-04-24\"\nfigures_extracted: 3\ntables_extracted: 5\nreview_flags: 3\nauthors: \"Ch. De Geyter, C. Calhaz-Jorge, M.S. Kupka, C. Wyns, E. Mocanu, T. Motrenko, G. Scaravelli, J. Smeenk, S. Vidakovic, V. Goossens\"\n---","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dey242","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/dey242"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30032255"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/deep-dyspareunia-and-sexual-quality-of-life-in-women-with-endometriosis-o8d01dfc/","name":"Deep Dyspareunia and Sexual Quality of Life in Women With Endometriosis","headline":"Deep Dyspareunia and Sexual Quality of Life in Women With Endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/deep-dyspareunia-and-sexual-quality-of-life-in-women-with-endometriosis-o8d01dfc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Shum LK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mohamed A Bedaiwy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3454-8555","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Catherine Allaire","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0492-5660","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Endometriosis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01q5m4507"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christina Williams","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Endometriosis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01q5m4507"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Noga H","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3565-6072"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arianne Albert","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0871-5866","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Health Research Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0455vfz21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisonkova S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1220-310X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paul J Yong","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5521-3052","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nuffield Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01w2zd907"}}],"datePublished":"2018-09-01","abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Deep dyspareunia occurs in half of women with endometriosis, a condition present in 10% of reproductive-age women and associated with negative effects on sexual quality of life (SQoL). However, women with endometriosis can have other clinical factors (eg, superficial dyspareunia, other pelvic pains, and psychological or pain conditions) possibly affecting SQoL.\n\nAIMS: To determine whether deep dyspareunia is associated with SQoL in women with endometriosis, independent of potential confounders.\n\nMETHODS: This study involved a prospective patient registry of women at a tertiary-level referral center for endometriosis and pelvic pain. Inclusion criteria were (i) referrals to the center recruited into the registry from January 2014 through December 2016 and (ii) subsequent surgery at the center with histologic confirmation of endometriosis. Exclusion criteria included menopausal status, age at least 50 years, never sexually active, or did not answer dyspareunia or SQoL questions. Bi-variable tests and multiple linear regression analysis were performed.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: SQoL measured by the 5-item sexual intercourse subscale of the Endometriosis Health Profile-30 (EHP-30) modular questionnaire (0-100%, with higher scores indicating worse SQoL).\n\nRESULTS: Consent rate for the prospective registry was 87%; 277 women met the study criteria (mean age = 34.2 ± 7.1 years). Most women had stage I to II endometriosis at time of surgery (64%), with the remaining having stage III to IV endometriosis. Through regression analysis, worse SQoL (higher EHP-30 sexual intercourse subscale score) was independently associated with: more severe deep dyspareunia (P < .0001), more severe superficial dyspareunia (P < .0001), increased depression (P < .001), higher pain catastrophizing (P = .04), bladder pain syndrome (P = .02), heterosexual orientation (P < .001), and new referral status (P = .02).\n\nCONCLUSION: In women with endometriosis at a tertiary referral center, more severe deep dyspareunia was associated with worse SQoL, independent of superficial dyspareunia, psychological comorbidities, and other potential confounders. Shum LK, Bedaiwy MA, Allaire C, et al. Deep Dyspareunia and Sexual Quality of Life in Women With Endometriosis. Sex Med 2018;6:224-233.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Sexual medicine"}}},"pageStart":"224","pageEnd":"233","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esxm.2018.04.006","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59563711"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.esxm.2018.04.006"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29801714"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q59563711"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recognizing-and-managing-postpartum-psychosis-a-clinical-guide-for-obstetric-pro-askfgug0/","name":"Recognizing and Managing Postpartum Psychosis: A Clinical Guide for Obstetric Providers","headline":"Recognizing and Managing Postpartum Psychosis: A Clinical Guide for Obstetric Providers","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recognizing-and-managing-postpartum-psychosis-a-clinical-guide-for-obstetric-pro-askfgug0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Osborne LM"}],"datePublished":"2018-09-01","abstract":"Postpartum psychosis is a psychiatric emergency that affects 1 to 2 per 1000 women. Key clinical features include mood fluctuation, abnormal thoughts or behaviors, and confusion. Women with a history of bipolar disorder are at heightened risk, as are first-time mothers; current research on the causes focuses on biological triggers, such as immune dysregulation. Women with postpartum psychosis require inpatient hospitalization and should be treated with lithium, antipsychotics, and benzodiazepines.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"45","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America"}}},"pageStart":"455","pageEnd":"468","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ogc.2018.04.005","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90857156"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ogc.2018.04.005"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30092921"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q90857156"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/longterm-followup-of-icsiconceived-offspring-compared-with-spontaneously-conceiv-gx0otcdx/","name":"Long-term follow-up of ICSI-conceived offspring compared with spontaneously conceived offspring: a systematic review of health outcomes beyond the neonatal period","headline":"Long-term follow-up of ICSI-conceived offspring compared with spontaneously conceived offspring: a systematic review of health outcomes beyond the neonatal period","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/longterm-followup-of-icsiconceived-offspring-compared-with-spontaneously-conceiv-gx0otcdx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Catford SR","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8247-5058"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R I McLachlan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4637-3876","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wbzw723"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"O'Bryan MK","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7298-4940"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Halliday JL","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6206-3857"}],"datePublished":"2018-09-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: A significant increase in the use of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) since its introduction in 1992 has been observed worldwide, including beyond its original intended use for severe male factor infertility. Concerns regarding ICSI include the effects of poor quality spermatozoa on offspring health and future fertility, and of the technique itself. The health and development of ICSI-conceived children beyond early infancy have not been comprehensively assessed. OBJECTIVE: A systematic review of health outcomes of ICSI-conceived offspring beyond the neonatal period compared to spontaneously conceived (SC) offspring. DESIGN: PubMed, OVID Medline/Embase, InformIT, Web of Science, and ProQuest databases were searched for studies reporting on health outcomes in ICSI-conceived offspring beyond 28 days after birth. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES: Physical and psychosocial health. RESULTS: The search strategy yielded 2826 articles. Of these, 2580 were not relevant or did not meet inclusion criteria and 138 were duplicates. One hundred and eight full-text papers were evaluated further, and 48 satisfied the inclusion criteria. Most studies reported on neurodevelopment during early infancy and childhood with reassuring results. Growth, vision, and hearing of ICSI and SC offspring also appear comparable, although important differences in general physical health, and particularly metabolic and reproductive health have been described, including recently poorer semen quality among ICSI-conceived young adult men compared to SC peers. CONCLUSION: Whilst neurodevelopment, growth, vision, and hearing appear similar between ICSI and SC children, evidence suggests differences in general physical health, and metabolic and reproductive endpoints. The clinical significance of many findings, however, remains unclear, and further prospective, large, and good quality studies with a focus on all these health outcomes in ICSI-conceived young adults are required.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Andrology"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/andr.12526","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57192016"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/andr.12526"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30296010"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q57192016"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/egg-freezing-in-fertility-treatment-trends-and-figures-2010-2016-rec9qd993rc9ulgrl/","name":"Egg Freezing in Fertility Treatment: Trends and Figures 2010-2016","headline":"Egg Freezing in Fertility Treatment: Trends and Figures 2010-2016","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/egg-freezing-in-fertility-treatment-trends-and-figures-2010-2016-rec9qd993rc9ulgrl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority"}],"datePublished":"2018-09-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/healthy-singleton-pregnancies-from-restorative-reproductive-medicine-rrm-after-f-recior3akxtg2a6ya/","name":"Healthy Singleton Pregnancies From Restorative Reproductive Medicine (RRM) After Failed IVF","headline":"Healthy Singleton Pregnancies From Restorative Reproductive Medicine (RRM) After Failed IVF","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/healthy-singleton-pregnancies-from-restorative-reproductive-medicine-rrm-after-f-recior3akxtg2a6ya/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Karolina M Andralojc","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4644-6898","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01yb10j39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Phil C Boyle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2555-6294","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NeoFertility Clinic, Suite 7, 1st Floor, Beacon Mall, Sandyford, Dublin 18, Ireland. Phil.Boyle@NeoFertility.ie."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Theun de Groot","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5841-6461","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"International Institute for Restorative Reproductive Medicine, London, United Kingdom."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tracey A Parnell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4226-1582","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2018-08-16","abstract":"Objectives: To determine the live birth rate for patients who chose to undergo treatment with Restorative Reproductive Medicine (RRM) after previous IVF (includes ICSI). To look at birth outcomes with RRM after IVF, particularly rates of twin and higher order pregnancies, premature birth, low birth weight, and potential cost savings achieved with RRM.\n\nSetting: Two outpatient clinics in Ireland providing advanced RRM treatment of infertility.\n\nMaterials and methods: All patients presenting between January 2004 and January 2010, with a history of infertility and previous IVF treatment were included if they proceeded beyond the initial consultation and began treatment. Main outcome is live birth per couple calculated using life table analysis.\n\nResults: 403 patients met the study criteria, among which 74 had a subsequent live birth. These women had significant negative predictive characteristics for healthy live birth including: advanced reproductive age (average 37.2 years), an average of 5.8 years of infertility with 2.1 (range 1-9) previous IVF attempts, with only 5% having previously had a live birth from IVF. Despite these undesirable prognostic indicators, the overall RRM live birth rate was 32.1% (crude 18.4%). Women aged 35-38 had a live birth rate of 37.5% (crude 23.6%) and older women over 40 had a live birth rate of 27.4% (crude 16.0%). The average birth weight was 3374g (7lb 7oz) with 92% being born at 37+ weeks and no very low birth weight babies. There was only one twin pregnancy in the study population; the potential health care savings for avoidable multiple pregnancies in these patients was estimated at £205 672 (USD$284 915).\n\nConclusions: Patients who have already tried IVF can achieve comparable live birth outcomes with RRM compared to another cycle of IVF. RRM has a low risk of twin or multiple births, and very good neonatal outcomes with a potential cost savings to the health care system.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Medicine"}},"pageStart":"210","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2018.00210","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64891483"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fmed.2018.00210"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30109231"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q64891483"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effectiveness-of-fertility-awareness-based-methods-for-pregnancy-prevention-a-sy-recd5efxu6j5ww0j8/","name":"Effectiveness of Fertility Awareness-Based Methods for Pregnancy Prevention: A Systematic Review","headline":"Effectiveness of Fertility Awareness-Based Methods for Pregnancy Prevention: A Systematic Review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effectiveness-of-fertility-awareness-based-methods-for-pregnancy-prevention-a-sy-recd5efxu6j5ww0j8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Peragallo Urrutia R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rachel Peragallo Urrutia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1398-5123","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chelsea B Polis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1031-7074","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guttmacher Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01yrmk064"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elizabeth T Jensen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2704-6634","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Margaret E Greene","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9370-5506","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"GreeneWorks, Washington DC, United States."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emily Kennedy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6320-9686","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2018-08-11","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To summarize best available prospective data on typical and perfect use effectiveness of fertility awareness-based methods for avoiding pregnancy.\n\nDATA SOURCES: We conducted a systematic review of studies published in English, Spanish, French, or German by June 2017 in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov. METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION: We reviewed 8,755 unique citations and included 53 studies that contained 50 or greater women using a specific fertility awareness-based method to avoid pregnancy, calculated life table pregnancy probabilities or Pearl rates, and prospectively measured pregnancy intentions and outcomes. We systematically evaluated study quality. TABULATION, INTEGRATION, AND\n\nRESULTS: Of 53 included studies, we ranked 0 high quality, 21 moderate quality, and 32 low quality for our question of interest. Among moderate-quality studies, first-year typical use pregnancy rates or probabilities per 100 woman-years varied widely: 11.2-14.1 for the Standard Days Method, 13.7 for the TwoDay Method, 10.5-33.6 for the Billings Ovulation Method, 4-18.5 for the Marquette Mucus-only Method, 9.0-9.8 for basal body temperature methods, 13.2 for single-check symptothermal methods, 11.2-33.0 for Thyma double-check symptothermal methods, 1.8 for Sensiplan, 25.6 for Persona, 2-6.8 for the Marquette Monitor-only Method, and 6-7 for the Marquette Monitor and Mucus Method. First-year perfect use pregnancy rates or probabilities among moderate-quality studies were 4.8 for the Standard Days Method, 3.5 for the TwoDay Method, 1.1-3.4 for the Billings Ovulation Method, 2.7 for the Marquette Mucus Method, 0.4 for Sensiplan, 12.1 for Persona, and 0 for the Marquette Monitor.\n\nCONCLUSION: Studies on the effectiveness of each fertility awareness-based method are few and of low to moderate quality. Pregnancy rates or probabilities varied widely across different fertility awareness-based methods (and in some cases, within method types), even after excluding low-quality studies. Variability across populations studied precludes comparisons across methods.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"132","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"591","pageEnd":"604","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0000000000002784","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90869360"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/AOG.0000000000002784"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30095777"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q90869360"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/current-medical-research-summerfall-2017-reccrilfw6t8jghv0/","name":"Current Medical Research: Summer/Fall 2017","headline":"Current Medical Research: Summer/Fall 2017","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/current-medical-research-summerfall-2017-reccrilfw6t8jghv0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Lee Barron","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4719-3420","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}}],"datePublished":"2018-08-01","abstract":"This issue of Current Medical Research (CMR) includes studies that provide evidence that use of natural family planning (NFP) can be helpful for subfertile couples wishing to achieve a pregnancy, the effectiveness of a method of NFP during breastfeeding, and the effects of using NFP on marital relationships. This review also includes evidence on predicting the sex of a baby by timing intercourse, evidence that brain injuries can be reflected in changes in the menstrual cycle, and that women prefer methods of family planning that have no side effects. The issue ends with an in-depth review of new technologies that aid in the use of NFP. Topics covered include subfertile couples, breastfeeding, marriage, predicting the sex of a baby, brain injuries, and new technologies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"85","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"270","pageEnd":"292","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1179/002436312803571537","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90789178"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1179/002436312803571537"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30082963"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q90789178"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/special-issue-in-commemoration-of-the-50th-anniversary-of-humanae-vitae-recdlp89v7mn3iple/","name":"Special issue in Commemoration of the 50th Anniversary of Humanae vitae","headline":"Special issue in Commemoration of the 50th Anniversary of Humanae vitae","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/special-issue-in-commemoration-of-the-50th-anniversary-of-humanae-vitae-recdlp89v7mn3iple/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathleen Mary Raviele","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2062-8041","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dekalb Medical Tucker, Georgia, USA"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Janet L. Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0664-9228"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Barbara Golder","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3176-5682","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Janet Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9448-8470","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}],"datePublished":"2018-07-27","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"85","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"187","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/0024363918778909","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64999772"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/0024363918778909"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30046196"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q64999772"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/photobiomodulation-lasers-vs-light-emitting-diodes-recbyjaqdscrpxvw7/","name":"Photobiomodulation: lasers vs. light emitting diodes?","headline":"Photobiomodulation: lasers vs. light emitting diodes?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/photobiomodulation-lasers-vs-light-emitting-diodes-recbyjaqdscrpxvw7/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael R Hamblin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6431-4605","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vladimir Heiskanen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Helsinki","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040af2s02"}}],"datePublished":"2018-07-26","abstract":"Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a treatment method based on research findings showing that irradiation with certain wavelengths of red or near-infrared light has been shown to produce a range of physiological effects in cells, tissues, animals and humans. Scientific research into PBM was initially started in the late 1960s by utilizing the newly invented (1960) lasers, and the therapy rapidly became known as \"low-level laser therapy\". It was mainly used for wound healing and reduction of pain and inflammation. Despite other light sources being available during the first 40 years of PBM research, lasers remained by far the most commonly employed device, and in fact, some authors insisted that lasers were essential to the therapeutic benefit. Collimated, coherent, highly monochromatic beams with the possibility of high power densities were considered preferable. However in recent years, non-coherent light sources such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and broad-band lamps have become common. Advantages of LEDs include no laser safety considerations, ease of home use, ability to irradiate a large area of tissue at once, possibility of wearable devices, and much lower cost per mW. LED photobiomodulation is here to stay.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences : Official Journal of the European  Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology"}}},"pageStart":"1003","pageEnd":"1017","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1039/c8pp90049c","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1039/c8pp90049c"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30044464"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/non-steroidal-anti-inflammatory-drug-induces-luteinized-unruptured-follicle-synd-recevybjifbmsvio5/","name":"Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug induces luteinized unruptured follicle  syndrome in young female juvenile idiopathic arthritis patients","headline":"Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug induces luteinized unruptured follicle  syndrome in young female juvenile idiopathic arthritis patients","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/non-steroidal-anti-inflammatory-drug-induces-luteinized-unruptured-follicle-synd-recevybjifbmsvio5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Renato Tomioka","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03se9eg94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nadia E Aikawa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7585-4348","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03se9eg94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gustavo A R Maciel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9097-8528","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03se9eg94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Adriana Maluf Elias Sallum","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0823-6459","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03se9eg94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lucia M A Campos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9653-0468","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03se9eg94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eloisa Bonfá","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0520-4681","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03se9eg94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Clovis A Silva","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9250-6508","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03se9eg94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gabriela R V Ferreira","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03se9eg94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudia Goldestein-Schainberg","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03se9eg94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Serafini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5951-7498","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}}],"datePublished":"2018-07-14","abstract":"To assess prospectively luteinized unruptured follicle (LUF) syndrome in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) patients with and without non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and healthy controls. Twenty-three adolescent and young adult female JIA patients (ILAR criteria) and 11 female healthy subjects were studied by pelvic ultrasound monitoring for follicular development and ovulation in one menstrual cycle. LUF syndrome was prospectively investigated by pelvic ultrasound with a dominant ovarian follicle without signs of follicular rupture, with elevation of serum progesterone in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and luteinizing hormone (LH) detected in the urine. Comparison between JIA patients with (n = 8) vs. without NSAIDs (n = 15) and healthy controls (n = 11) revealed that LUF syndrome was significantly higher in the former group (2 (25%) vs. 0% vs. 0%, p = 0.049). These two patients with LUF syndrome had normal menstrual cycles without reduced ovarian reserve, and they were under naproxen 500 mg bid during the menstrual cycle. Disease duration was comparable in JIA with and without NSAIDs [19.8 (4.4-25) vs. 13 (3.1-33) years, p = 0.232]. Further comparison between JIA patients with and without NSAIDs and healthy controls showed similar mean anti-Müllerian hormone levels (p = 0.909), estradiol (p = 0.436), FSH (p = 0.662), LH (p = 0.686), and mean antral follicle count (p = 0.240) and ovarian volume (p = 0.363). No differences were evidenced in three groups regarding Caucasian race, body mass index, duration, and length of menstrual cycles (p > 0.05). This is the first study to identify that JIA patients have a high frequency of LUF without impaired ovarian reserve. Future prospective studies are necessary to determine if chronic/continuous use of NSAIDs in JIA will have an impact in these patients' fertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"37","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical Rheumatology"}}},"pageStart":"2869","pageEnd":"2873","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-018-4208-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57176258"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s10067-018-4208-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30003441"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q57176258"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/insulin-sensitivity-and-testicular-function-in-a-cohort-of-adult-males-suspected-recrn0p7whls8u8e5/","name":"Insulin Sensitivity and Testicular Function in a Cohort of Adult Males Suspected  of Being Insulin-Resistant","headline":"Insulin Sensitivity and Testicular Function in a Cohort of Adult Males Suspected  of Being Insulin-Resistant","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/insulin-sensitivity-and-testicular-function-in-a-cohort-of-adult-males-suspected-recrn0p7whls8u8e5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Felipe Serrano","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1362-8561","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Biomedical Division, Reproductive Health Research Institute (RHRI), Santiago, Chile"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ana M Salgado","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3457-3766","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patricio H Contreras","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4258-2454","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fundación Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04nvpdc40"}}],"datePublished":"2018-07-13","abstract":"A cohort of 141 males (18-80 yo, 42.9 ± 12.9) strongly suspected of being Insulin Resistant (IR) was prospectively studied by determining their insulin sensitivity (Pancreatic Suppression Test, PST) and testicular function (total testosterone and SHBG). The subjects were labeled as IR when the Steady State Plasma Glucose (SSPG) was ≥150 mg/dL and Non-Insulin Resistant (NIR) when SSPG was <150 mg/dl; similarly, the subjects were labeled as Hypogonadal (HYPOG) when total testosterone was ≤3.0 ng/mL and Eugonadal (EUG) when total testosterone was >3.0 ng/mL. Two out of three subjects turned out to be IR, while around one in four subjects were HYPOG. Contingency analysis indicated a significant interdependence between insulin resistance and hypogonadism (chi-square was 4.69, p = 0.0303). Age (>43 yo) predicted hypogonadism (AUROC 0.606, p = 0.0308). Twice as many HYPOG subjects were IR as compared with EUG subjects. Also, HYPOG subjects exhibited higher SSPG values as compared with EUG subjects. Statistically, neither Weight nor BMI predicted hypogonadism, while Waist Circumference (>110 cm) was only a mediocre predictor (AUROC 0.640, p = 0.009). SSPG (>224 mg/dL) on the other hand, was the best predictor of hypogonadism (AUROC 0.709, p = 0.002), outperforming Waist Circumference (half of the subjects with an SSPG >224 mg/dL were HYPOG). Age did not predict insulin resistance, while Weight (>99 kg), BMI (>29), and especially, Waist Circumference (>99 cm, AUROC 0.812, p < 0.0001) were all predictors of insulin resistance. Almost 90% of the subjects with a waist circumference >99 cm was IR. As a logical consequence of the selection criteria (various clues suggesting insulin resistance), most subjects with normal weight in this cohort were IR (53.3%) while 20% were HYPOG. On the other hand, 13.6% of the obese subjects were NIR, and 2 out of 3 of them were both NIR and EUG. In conclusion, Waist Circumference predicted both insulin resistance (>99 cm) and hypogonadism (>110 cm), suggesting that the first hit of abdominal obesity is insulin resistance and the second hit is male hypogonadism. Normal weight did not protect from IR, while a relevant proportion of obese subjects were NIR (with 2/3 being also EUG).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Medicine"}},"pageStart":"190","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2018.00190","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q89581631"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fmed.2018.00190"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29998109"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q89581631"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/current-clinical-applications-of-platelet-rich-plasma-in-various-gynecological-d-rech1n20xfdc2s0un/","name":"Current clinical applications of platelet-rich plasma in various gynecological  disorders: An appraisal of theory and practice","headline":"Current clinical applications of platelet-rich plasma in various gynecological  disorders: An appraisal of theory and practice","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/current-clinical-applications-of-platelet-rich-plasma-in-various-gynecological-d-rech1n20xfdc2s0un/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ayman Shehata Dawood","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6607-5828","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tanta University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016jp5b92"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hesham Abdelaziz Salem","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5296-2311","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tanta University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016jp5b92"}}],"datePublished":"2018-07-10","abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to review the current clinical uses of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in the field of gynecology. All relevant articles published from January 2000 to December 2017 were reviewed and analyzed. The articles on PRP in the field of gynecology were mainly case series, pilot studies, or case reports. PRP is currently considered a new therapeutic modality for some disorders that are refractory to conventional drugs.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"45","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"67","pageEnd":"74","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.5653/cerm.2018.45.2.67","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55518543"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.5653/cerm.2018.45.2.67"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29984206"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q55518543"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/low-dose-naltrexone-in-the-treatment-of-fibromyalgia-fajhvfsm/","name":"Low Dose Naltrexone in the Treatment of Fibromyalgia","headline":"Low Dose Naltrexone in the Treatment of Fibromyalgia","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/low-dose-naltrexone-in-the-treatment-of-fibromyalgia-fajhvfsm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Metyas SK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chen CL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yeter K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Solyman J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arkfeld D"}],"datePublished":"2018-07-06","abstract":"Background: ConclusionFibromyalgia is a chronic pain disorder characterized by diffuse musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, sleep disturbance and cognitive impairment.\n\nObjective: A significant number of fibromyalgia patients do not respond adequately to the current drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for fibromyalgia treatment including pregabalin, milnacipran, duloxetine. Thus, there is still a need for adjunctive therapies.\n\nMethod: Naltrexone is an opioid receptor antagonist used to treat alcohol and opioid dependence. It is hypothesized that low dose naltrexone causes transient blockade of opioid receptors centrally resulting in a rebound of endorphin function which may attenuate pain in fibromyalgia.\n\nResults: Two small prospective pilot studies have previously shown that treatment with low dose naltrexone may be an effective, safe, and inexpensive treatment for fibromyalgia.\n\nConclusion: This prospective study lends further support to the preliminary body of evidence that naltrexone is a well tolerated and likely effective treatment option in the community setting. Further large prospective controlled trials are still needed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Current Rheumatology Reviews"}}},"pageStart":"177","pageEnd":"180","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1573397113666170321120329","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2174/1573397113666170321120329"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/current-medical-research-winterspring-2017-recaem5pcfz53vhpz/","name":"Current Medical Research: Winter/Spring 2017","headline":"Current Medical Research: Winter/Spring 2017","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/current-medical-research-winterspring-2017-recaem5pcfz53vhpz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathleen Mary Raviele","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2062-8041","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dekalb Medical Tucker, Georgia, USA"}}],"datePublished":"2018-07-05","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"85","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"74","pageEnd":"85","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/0024363918756392","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q89412100"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/0024363918756392"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29970939"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q89412100"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/self-monitoring-of-fertility-hormones-a-new-era-for-natural-family-planning-rechotfcsfr8pmbce/","name":"Self-Monitoring of Fertility Hormones: A New Era for Natural Family Planning?","headline":"Self-Monitoring of Fertility Hormones: A New Era for Natural Family Planning?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/self-monitoring-of-fertility-hormones-a-new-era-for-natural-family-planning-rechotfcsfr8pmbce/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Leonard F Blackwell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massey University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052czxv31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Simon Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7581-4998","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"James Cook University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gsp2c11"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Delwyn G Cooke","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0770-3417","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Palmerston North Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ctbbh52"}}],"datePublished":"2018-07-05","abstract":"Natural family planning (NFP) methods have served many generations well, and in particular, the symptothermal or symptohormonal methods. The comparison of daily mucus and temperature records for individual cycles with daily hormone measurements, which is now possible, shows that some of the assumptions underlying NFP may not be completely accurate. The various methods are inadvertently depending on an element of chance, which, of course, cannot be known by the NFP user. However, it is statistically inevitable that such errors will result eventually in an unexpected pregnancy, and these discrepancies are the likely reason for the method failures. Further research and integration of home hormone measurements with NFP symptoms are needed.\nSummary: Traditional NFP methods, based on the observations of temperature, mucus, and luteinizing hormone, can work well. However, these data are sometimes difficult to interpret, and significant changes in the variables are sometimes \"missing\" from some cycles. Changes in these variables are elicited by the estrogen and progesterone released from the ovaries. It follows that the direct measures of events in the ovaries are the levels of estrogen and progesterone or their derivatives in blood or urine. Measurements of urinary derivatives of estrogen and progesterone can be used to monitor the ovaries directly and are clearer indicators than traditional NFP methods.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"85","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"26","pageEnd":"34","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/0024363918756387","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64970799"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/0024363918756387"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29970935"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q64970799"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/special-issue-in-commemoration-of-the-50th-anniversary-of-humanae-vitae-recdhnvnmtkqrsgco/","name":"Special issue in Commemoration of the 50th Anniversary of Humanae vitae","headline":"Special issue in Commemoration of the 50th Anniversary of Humanae vitae","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/special-issue-in-commemoration-of-the-50th-anniversary-of-humanae-vitae-recdhnvnmtkqrsgco/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathleen Mary Raviele","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2062-8041","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dekalb Medical Tucker, Georgia, USA"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Janet E. Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5938-8340"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Barbara Golder","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3176-5682","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Janet Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9448-8470","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}],"datePublished":"2018-07-05","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"85","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"93","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/0024363918756395","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q89412102"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/0024363918756395"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29970940"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q89412102"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-for-treatment-of-symptomatic-menopausal-women-reccay0wtw76jvs6c/","name":"Progesterone for treatment of symptomatic menopausal women","headline":"Progesterone for treatment of symptomatic menopausal women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-for-treatment-of-symptomatic-menopausal-women-reccay0wtw76jvs6c/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2018-07-03","abstract":"This review's purpose is to highlight evidence that oral micronized progesterone (progesterone) is effective for hot flushes and night sweats (vasomotor symptoms, VMS), improves sleep and is likely safe in menopausal women (who are more than 1 year since last menstruation). Methods include randomized controlled clinical trials (RCT) supplemented with basic science, population and observational data as needed. The barrier to use of progesterone is lack of awareness that safety concerns with estrogen-including 'menopausal hormone therapy' (MHT) are not applicable to progesterone. In a single 3-month RCT, progesterone (300 mg at bedtime) was effective treatment of VMS in 133 healthy menopausal women. It caused an overall 55% VMS decrease, no withdrawal-related VMS rebound and a greater VMS decrease in 46 women with ≥50 moderate-intense VMS/week. Progesterone is equally or more effective than estradiol in improving cardiovascular endothelial function and caused no cardiovascular safety concerns in a 3-month RCT. An 8-year prospective cohort study (E3N) in more than 80 000 menopausal women showed progesterone prevented breast cancer in estrogen-treated women. Multiple RCTs confirm that progesterone (300 mg daily at bedtime) does not cause depression and improves deep sleep. In conclusion, progesterone effectively treats VMS, improves sleep and may be the only therapy that symptomatic women, who are menopausal at a normal age and without osteoporosis, need.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Climacteric : the Journal of the International Menopause Society"}}},"pageStart":"358","pageEnd":"365","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/13697137.2018.1472567","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q89372087"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/13697137.2018.1472567"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29962247"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q89372087"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-for-the-prevention-and-treatment-of-osteoporosis-in-women-recvlu4owguugxq2y/","name":"Progesterone for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in women","headline":"Progesterone for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-for-the-prevention-and-treatment-of-osteoporosis-in-women-recvlu4owguugxq2y/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2018-07-03","abstract":"Estradiol (E2) is women's dominant 'bone hormone' since it is essential for development of adolescent peak bone mineral density (BMD) and physiological levels prevent the rapid (3-week) bone resorption that causes most adult BMD loss. However, deceasing E2 levels trigger bone resorption/loss. Progesterone (P4) is E2's physiological partner, collaborating with E2 in every cell/tissue; its bone 'job' is to increase P4-receptor-mediated, slow (3-4 months) osteoblastic new bone formation. When menstrual cycles are normal length and normally ovulatory, E2 and P4 are balanced and BMD is stable. However, clinically normal cycles commonly have ovulatory disturbances (anovulation, short luteal phases) and low P4 levels; these are more frequent in teen and perimenopausal women and increased by everyday stressors: energy insufficiency, emotional/social/economic threats and illness. Meta-analysis shows that almost 1%/year spinal BMD loss occurs in those with greater than median (∼31%) of ovulatory disturbed cycles. Prevention of osteoporosis and fragility fractures requires the reversal of stressors, detection and treatment of teen-to-perimenopausal recurrent cycle/ovulatory disturbances with cyclic oral micronized progesterone. Low 'Peak Perimenopausal BMD' is likely the primary risk for fragility fractures in later life. Progesterone plus estradiol or other antiresorptive therapies adds 0.68%/year and may be a highly effective osteoporosis treatment. Randomized controlled trials are still needed to confirm progesterone's important role in women's bone formation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Climacteric : the Journal of the International Menopause Society"}}},"pageStart":"366","pageEnd":"374","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/13697137.2018.1467400","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q89372133"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/13697137.2018.1467400"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29962257"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q89372133"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dietary-minerals-reproductive-hormone-levels-and-sporadic-anovulation-associations-in-healthy-women-with-regular-menstrual-cycles-recfkkberowdzykxk/","name":"Dietary minerals, reproductive hormone levels and sporadic anovulation: associations in healthy women with regular menstrual cycles","headline":"Dietary minerals, reproductive hormone levels and sporadic anovulation: associations in healthy women with regular menstrual cycles","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dietary-minerals-reproductive-hormone-levels-and-sporadic-anovulation-associations-in-healthy-women-with-regular-menstrual-cycles-recfkkberowdzykxk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Keewan Kim","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7171-3487","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kara A Michels","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2431-2079","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Torie Comeaux Plowden","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9086-2947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ellen N Chaljub","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Wactawski-Wende","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3096-9595","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}}],"datePublished":"2018-07-01","abstract":"Although minerals are linked to several reproductive outcomes, it is unknown whether dietary minerals are associated with ovulatory function. We hypothesised that low intakes of minerals would be associated with an increased risk of anovulation. We investigated associations between dietary mineral intake and both reproductive hormones and anovulation in healthy women in the BioCycle Study, which prospectively followed up 259 regularly menstruating women aged 18-44 years who were not taking mineral supplements for two menstrual cycles. Intakes of ten selected minerals were assessed through 24-h dietary recalls at up to four times per cycle in each participant. Oestradiol, progesterone, luteinising hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), sex-hormone-binding globulin and testosterone were measured in serum up to eight times per cycle. We used weighted linear mixed models to evaluate associations between minerals and hormones and generalised linear models for risk of anovulation. Compared with Na intake ≥1500 mg, Na intake <1500 mg was associated with higher levels of FSH (21·3 %; 95 % CI 7·5, 36·9) and LH (36·8 %; 95 % CI 16·5, 60·5) and lower levels of progesterone (-36·9 %; 95 % CI -56·5, -8·5). Na intake <1500 mg (risk ratio (RR) 2·70; 95 % CI 1·00, 7·31) and Mn intake <1·8 mg (RR 2·00; 95 % CI 1·02, 3·94) were associated with an increased risk of anovulation, compared with higher intakes, respectively. Other measured dietary minerals were not associated with ovulatory function. As essential minerals are mostly obtained via diet, our results comparing insufficient levels with sufficient levels highlight the need for future research on dietary nutrients and their associations with ovulatory cycles.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"120","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The British journal of nutrition"}}},"pageStart":"81","pageEnd":"89","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114518000818","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52577348"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1017/S0007114518000818"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29673411"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q52577348"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/update-on-male-reproductive-endocrinology-afij7puq/","name":"Update on male reproductive endocrinology","headline":"Update on male reproductive endocrinology","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/update-on-male-reproductive-endocrinology-afij7puq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Clavijo RI"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hsiao W"}],"datePublished":"2018-07-01","abstract":"Practitioners of male reproductive and sexual medicine must have an intimate understanding of the physiology of male reproductive endocrinology, as such a knowledge is the cornerstone on which hormonal treatments are based. In this review, we highlight what is known about male reproductive endocrine physiology and the various control mechanisms for the system. We also discuss the limitations of our current understanding of the reproductive physiology. We hope that this review is helpful for male reproductive medicine practitioners in understanding the principles on which hormonal treatments are based.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"Suppl 3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Translational andrology and urology"}}},"pageStart":"S367-S372","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.21037/tau.2018.03.25","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q91213867"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.21037/tau.2018.03.25"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30159243"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q91213867"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-prospective-study-of-physical-activity-and-fecundability-in-women-with-a-history-of-pregnancy-loss-rec52mtxtljcejuwr/","name":"A prospective study of physical activity and fecundability in women with a history of pregnancy loss","headline":"A prospective study of physical activity and fecundability in women with a history of pregnancy loss","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-prospective-study-of-physical-activity-and-fecundability-in-women-with-a-history-of-pregnancy-loss-rec52mtxtljcejuwr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindsey M Russo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7639-8655","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of General Internal Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 420 East 70th Street, New York, NY 10021, USA.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marquis Hawkins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5816-8186","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0072zz521"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rose G Radin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6273-274X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert M Silver","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5794-3152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Intermountain Healthcare","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mvr1r74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neil J Perkins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6802-4733","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Keewan Kim","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7171-3487","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tiffany L Holland","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Daniel L Kuhr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2631-0061","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 6710B Rockledge Dr. MSC 7004, Bethesda, MD, ...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ukpebo R Omosigho","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindsey A Sjaarda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0539-8110","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brian W Whitcomb","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8646-5823","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 715 N Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, USA.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0072zz521"}}],"datePublished":"2018-07-01","abstract":"Study Question: Is physical activity (PA) associated with fecundability in women with a history of prior pregnancy loss?\n\nSummary Answer: Higher fecundability was related to walking among overweight/obese women and to vigorous PA in women overall.\n\nWhat Is Known Already: PA may influence fecundability through altered endocrine function. Studies evaluating this association have primarily utilized Internet-based recruitment and self-report for pregnancy assessment and have yielded conflicting results.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, Duration: This is a secondary analysis of the Effects of Aspirin in Gestation and Reproduction (EAGeR) trial (2007-2011), a multisite, randomized controlled trial of preconception-initiated low-dose aspirin. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING,\n\nMethods: Healthy women (n = 1214), aged 18-40 and with 1-2 prior pregnancy losses, were recruited from four US medical centers. Participants were followed for up to six menstrual cycles while attempting pregnancy and through pregnancy for those who became pregnant. Time to hCG detected pregnancy was assessed using discrete-time Cox proportional hazard models to estimate fecundability odds ratios (FOR) adjusted for covariates, accounting for left truncation and right censoring.\n\nMain Results and the Role of Chance: The association of walking with fecundability varied significantly by BMI (P-interaction = 0.01). Among overweight/obese women, walking ≥10 min at a time was related to improved fecundability (FOR = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.19, 2.77). In adjusted models, women reporting >4 h/wk of vigorous activity had significantly higher fecundability (FOR = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.24, 2.31) compared to no vigorous activity. Associations of vigorous activity with fecundability were not significantly different by BMI (P-interaction = 0.9). Moderate activity, sitting, and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) categories were not associated with fecundability overall or in BMI-stratified analyses.\n\nLIMITATIONS, Reasons for Caution: Some misclassification of PA levels as determined by the short form of the IPAQ is likely to have occurred, and may have led to non-differential misclassification of exposure in our study. Information on diet and change in BMI was not collected and may have contributed to some residual confounding in our results. The generalizability of our results may be limited as our population consisted of women with a history of one or two pregnancy losses. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: These findings provide positive evidence for the benefits of PA in women attempting pregnancy, especially for walking among those with higher BMI. Further study is necessary to clarify possible mechanisms through which walking and vigorous activity might affect time-to-pregnancy. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S): This work was funded by the Intramural Research Program of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.\n\nTrial Registration Number: #NCT00467363.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"33","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1291","pageEnd":"1298","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dey086","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58322372"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/dey086"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29648647"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q58322372"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/current-and-emerging-treatment-options-for-endometriosis-phlvhohm/","name":"Current and emerging treatment options for endometriosis","headline":"Current and emerging treatment options for endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/current-and-emerging-treatment-options-for-endometriosis-phlvhohm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ferrero S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Evangelisti G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Barra F"}],"datePublished":"2018-07-01","abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Pharmacotherapy has a pivotal role in the management of endometriosis with long-term treatments balancing clinical efficacy (control of pain symptoms and prevention of recurrence of the disease after surgery) with an acceptable safety profile. Treatment choice is based on several factors including age and patient preference, reproductive plans, intensity of pain, severity of disease and incidence of adverse effects.\n\nAREAS COVERED: The aim of this review is to provide the reader with a complete overview of drugs that are currently available or are under investigation for the treatment of endometriosis highlighting on-going clinical trials.\n\nEXPERT OPINION: Almost all of the available treatment options for endometriosis suppress ovarian function and are not curative. Combined oral contraceptives and progestins are commonly administered to these patients in order to ameliorate pain symptoms. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone-agonists are prescribed when first-line therapies are ineffective, not tolerated or contraindicated. Aromatase inhibitors should be reserved only for women who are refractory to other treatments. Amongst the drugs under development, gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonists have shown the most promising results. Presently, are a number of potential therapies currently in pre-clinical or early clinical studies which may alter treatment strategies in the future although further studies are necessary.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy"}}},"pageStart":"1109","pageEnd":"1125","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/14656566.2018.1494154","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57178062"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/14656566.2018.1494154"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29975553"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q57178062"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vertebral-fractures-and-morphometric-deformities-recvmnppdainjaz72/","name":"Vertebral Fractures and Morphometric Deformities","headline":"Vertebral Fractures and Morphometric Deformities","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vertebral-fractures-and-morphometric-deformities-recvmnppdainjaz72/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E H G Oei","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7155-8515","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Erasmus MC","sameAs":"https://ror.org/018906e22"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fernando Rivadeneira","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9435-9441","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Departments of Internal Medicine and EpidemiologyErasmus MCRotterdamThe Netherlands","sameAs":"https://ror.org/057w15z03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ian Hammond","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5225-3144","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ottawa Hospital-General Campus, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ling Oei","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3523-458X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Departments of Internal Medicine and Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher S Kovacs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5219-9993","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John’s, NL, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04haebc03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"William D Leslie","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1056-1691","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02gfys938"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S M Kaiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3222-3711","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Linda Probyn","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2669-4173","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Medical ImagingUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/000hkd473"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacques P. Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1910-788X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacques Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8155-677X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of MedicineLaval UniversityQuebec CityQCCanada"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Angela M Cheung","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8332-0744","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Medicine and Joint Department of Medical Imaging, Centre of Excellence in Skeletal Health Assessment, University Health NetworkUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tanveer Towheed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8738-9394","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Rheumatology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rtaxr13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brian C Lentle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6433-0509","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of RadiologyUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Hanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephanie M Kaiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7183-5754","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}}],"datePublished":"2018-06-21","abstract":"To the Editor: We read with interest the editorial by Cummings and Eastell,1 A History of Pivotal Advances in Clinical Research in Bone and Mineral Diseases, published in a recent issue of the JBMR. In discussing such advances, they include spinal morphometry, and specifically refer to and illustrate the Genant semiquantitative (GSQ) paradigm,2 although also referring to the algorithm-based qualitative (ABQ) method3 of vertebral evaluation in the diagnosis of osteoporotic vertebral fractures (OVFs). Although in its day the GSQ method was a credible attempt at structured reporting, recent data suggest that GSQ grade 1 lesions, the most common, relate less well to bone density and fracture risk than comparable fractures diagnosed using the ABQ tool.4-6 Although morphometric methods may serve for understanding the epidemiology of osteoporotic fractures in large populations, it is much less certain that the GSQ method provides a basis for the care of individual patients. In a multidisciplinary context such as is served by this Journal, the endorsement of the GSQ method by the authors, without qualification, may well prove misleading. It is potentially invalid at the bedside and this should have been made explicit. We have observed a reluctance to give the presence of one or more vertebral fractures the importance they should be accorded because of confusion and ambiguity in the descriptive criteria and terminology used (eg, “wedging,” “deformity”) to define them. Perhaps the lack of a clear understanding of what might or might not constitute an OVF contributes to this disarray among radiologists and clinicians alike, again as noted recently by Szulc.7 Most of the many authors describing or reviewing “systems of morphometry,”8-12 such as in the current ASBMR primer,10 have cautioned that they are only to be used for epidemiological purposes. Moreover, most such reviews caution that positive findings should ideally be re-assessed by an “expert.” The danger, recognized by such constraints, is that of false-positive diagnoses from the clinical use of morphometry. In our experience, it is all too common for the iconic diagram provided by Dr. Genant to serve as a guide for the clinical evaluation of spinal images when that was not its intent. In the relevant article, Genant and colleagues2 were at pains to emphasize the importance of recognizing end-plate damage as evidence of OVF, but it has proved deceptively simple for readers to see only the diagram which Cummings and Eastell1 reproduce without noting these constraints. Historically the GSQ method was proposed as an attempt at structured diagnosis in fracture evaluation when such a concept was uncommon. Nevertheless it needs to be seen in perspective and it may have now outlived its usefulness. A great amount of admirable effort has gone into a structured understanding and diagnosis of atypical femoral fractures by the ASBMR.13 Those are, however, very rare events. Perhaps it is time to develop a comparable understanding of the much more common problem of OVF diagnosis to an extent the evidence allows. A taxonomy of such lesions is overdue. At present there are large differences in reported OVF incidence and prevalence for any given population. That fact probably reflects, at least in part, the method of diagnosis used, as much as any real insights into disease. None.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"33","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"J Bone Miner Res"}}},"pageStart":"1544","pageEnd":"1545","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.3470","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88641084"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/jbmr.3470"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29750843"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q88641084"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-predictors-of-abnormal-luteal-phases-in-normally-cycling-women-recqokfiboyyawlxf/","name":"Hormonal Predictors of Abnormal Luteal Phases in Normally Cycling Women","headline":"Hormonal Predictors of Abnormal Luteal Phases in Normally Cycling Women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-predictors-of-abnormal-luteal-phases-in-normally-cycling-women-recqokfiboyyawlxf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Iwaz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5090-8215","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1","sameAs":"https://ror.org/029brtt94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"René Ecochard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1695-789X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospices Civils de Lyon","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01502ca60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Saman H Abdulla","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02feahw73"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas P Bouchard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5774-0286","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Calgary","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Phil C Boyle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2555-6294","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NeoFertility Clinic, Suite 7, 1st Floor, Beacon Mall, Sandyford, Dublin 18, Ireland. Phil.Boyle@NeoFertility.ie."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rene Leiva","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1395-3236","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Ottawa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03c4mmv16"}}],"datePublished":"2018-06-09","abstract":"Objective: Explore potential relationships between preovulatory, periovulatory, and luteal-phase characteristics in normally cycling women.\nDesign: Observational study.\nSetting: Eight European natural family planning clinics. Patient(s): Ninety-nine women contributing 266 menstrual cycles. Intervention(s): The participants collected first morning urine samples that were analyzed for estrone-3 glucuronide (E1G), pregnanediol-3alpha-glucuronide (PDG), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH). The participants underwent serial ovarian ultrasound examinations. Main Outcome Measure(s): Four outcome measures were analyzed: short luteal phase, low mid-luteal phase PDG level (mPDG), normal then low luteal PDG level, low then normal luteal PDG level.\n\nResults: A long preovulatory phase was a predictor of short luteal phase, with or without adjustment for other variables. A high periovulatory PDG level was a predictor for short luteal phase as well as normal then low luteal PDG level. A low periovulatory PDG level predicted low mPDG and low then normal luteal PDG level, with or without adjustment for other variables. A small maximum follicle predicted normal then low luteal PDG level, with or without adjustment for other variables. The relationship between small maximum follicle size and short luteal phase or small maximum follicle size and low mPDG was no longer present when the regression was adjusted for certain characteristics. A younger age at menarche and a high body mass index were both predictors of low mPDG.\n\nConclusion: Luteal phase abnormalities exist over a spectrum where some ovulation disorders may exist as deviations from the normal ovulatory process.This study confirms the negative impact of a small follicle size on the quality of the luteal phase. The occurrence of normal then low luteal PDG level is confirmed as a potential sign of luteal phase abnormality.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Public Health"}},"pageStart":"144","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2018.00144","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55344873"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fpubh.2018.00144"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29881719"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q55344873"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/steroid-hormones-and-their-action-in-womens-brains-the-importance-of-hormonal-ba-recljprklupps9uem/","name":"Steroid Hormones and Their Action in Women's Brains: The Importance of Hormonal  Balance","headline":"Steroid Hormones and Their Action in Women's Brains: The Importance of Hormonal  Balance","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/steroid-hormones-and-their-action-in-womens-brains-the-importance-of-hormonal-ba-recljprklupps9uem/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Juan Pablo Del Río","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3126-0745","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Millennium Science Initiative","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01c080z51"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"María I. Alliende","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Reproductive Health Research Institute Santiago, Chile."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Natalia Molina","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4141-2439","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Reproductive Health Research Institute Santiago, Chile."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Felipe Serrano","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1362-8561","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Biomedical Division, Reproductive Health Research Institute (RHRI), Santiago, Chile"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Santiago Molina","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3405-1650","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tallahassee Community College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01skvfg56"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}}],"datePublished":"2018-06-08","abstract":"Sex hormones significantly impact women's lives. Throughout the different stages of life, from menarche to menopause and all stages in between, women experience dramatic fluctuations in the levels of progesterone and estradiol, among other hormones. These fluctuations affect the body as a whole, including the central nervous system (CNS). In the CNS, sex hormones act via steroid receptors. They also have an effect on different neurotransmitters such as GABA, serotonin, dopamine, and glutamate. Additionally, studies show that sex hormones and their metabolites influence brain areas that regulate mood, behavior, and cognitive abilities. This review emphasizes the benefits a proper hormonal balance during the different stages of life has in the CNS. To achieve this goal, it is essential that hormone levels are evaluated considering a woman's age and ovulatory status, so that a correct diagnosis and treatment can be made. Knowledge of steroid hormone activity in the brain will give women and health providers an important tool for improving their health and well-being.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Public Health"}},"pageStart":"141","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2018.00141","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55333269"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fpubh.2018.00141"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29876339"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q55333269"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-of-acupuncture-on-pelvic-pain-in-patients-with-endometriosis-study-prot-8uz3mf8a/","name":"Efficacy of acupuncture on pelvic pain in patients with endometriosis: study protocol for a randomized, single-blind, multi-center, placebo-controlled trial","headline":"Efficacy of acupuncture on pelvic pain in patients with endometriosis: study protocol for a randomized, single-blind, multi-center, placebo-controlled trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-of-acupuncture-on-pelvic-pain-in-patients-with-endometriosis-study-prot-8uz3mf8a/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Liang R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peng Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0849-5955","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Xuzhou Medical College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04fe7hy80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peng X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xu L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fan P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peng J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiangjun Zhou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4536-9103","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wenzhou University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/020hxh324"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiao C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Min Jiang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8418-5847","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Xuzhou Medical College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04fe7hy80"}}],"datePublished":"2018-06-07","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological disease that is characterized by the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity. The main symptoms include dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, chronic pelvic pain, and infertility. These symptoms impair the lives of most of the women suffering from the disease. Surgical resection of endometriotic lesions is an effective means of treating dysmenorrhea, but the risk of recurrence is high. Western medicine has limited use for treating it due to side effects and ineffectiveness. The purpose of this study is to verify the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture.\n\nMETHODS/DESIGN: This trial will be carried out in four parts. A total of 106 eligible patients with pelvic pain related to endometriosis will be randomly assigned into two groups, in a 1:1 ratio, as the treatment group or the control group. The participants assigned to the treatment group will be treated with acupuncture treatment at Guanyuan (CV4), Sanyinjiao (SP6), Taichong (LR3), Zhaohai (KI6) and Qichong (ST30) while the control group will receive acupuncture at non-acupoints. The trial will include three menstrual cycles of treatment and three menstrual cycles of follow-up. The primary outcome is pelvic pain that will be assessed by means of a 10-cm visual analog scale (VAS). At each stage, we will evaluate the safety of the acupuncture treatment.\n\nDISCUSSION: The study will compare the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture with comfort needles on pelvic pain related to endometriosis in the hope of providing significant evidence for using acupuncture on pelvic pain related to endometriosis.\n\nTRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, ID: NCT03125304 . Registered on 30 April 2017.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Trials"}}},"pageStart":"314","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-018-2684-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55446557"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s13063-018-2684-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29880009"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q55446557"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/womens-mid-life-night-sweats-and-2-year-bone-mineral-density-changes-a-prospecti-recvjczbifidygfgf/","name":"Women's Mid-Life Night Sweats and 2-Year Bone Mineral Density Changes: A  Prospective, Observational Population-Based Investigation from the Canadian  Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos)","headline":"Women's Mid-Life Night Sweats and 2-Year Bone Mineral Density Changes: A  Prospective, Observational Population-Based Investigation from the Canadian  Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/womens-mid-life-night-sweats-and-2-year-bone-mineral-density-changes-a-prospecti-recvjczbifidygfgf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"George Tomlinson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9328-6399","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Health Network","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042xt5161"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marsha M Pinto","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4594-8113","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Osteoporosis Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada. marshapinto@gmail.com."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Angela M Cheung","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8332-0744","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Medicine and Joint Department of Medical Imaging, Centre of Excellence in Skeletal Health Assessment, University Health NetworkUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudie Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5499-2661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Evelyn Wong","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5027-6046","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Health Network","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042xt5161"}}],"datePublished":"2018-06-05","abstract":"Women's hot flushes and night sweats, collectively called vasomotor symptoms (VMS), are maximal (79%) in late perimenopause. The evidence describing whether VMS are associated with loss of areal bone mineral density (BMD) is mixed. We examined baseline and 2-year data for 1570 randomly selected women aged 43⁻63 in the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos), a prospective Canada-wide study; we used linear regression to assess the relationship of night sweats (VMSn) with BMD and its changes. Clinically important VMSn occurred for 12.2%. Women with VMSn were slightly younger (54.5 vs. 55.3 years, p = 0.02) and less likely to use sex steroid therapies (39.8% vs. 51.4%, p < 0.05). BMD at the lumbar spine (L1-4), femoral neck (FN) and total hip (TH) were similar between those with/without VMSn. In adjusted models, we did not find a significant association between VMSn and 2-year change in L1-4, FN and TH BMD. Age, reproductive status, weight, sex steroid therapy and smoking status were associated with 2-year change in BMD. Incident fractures over 2 years also did not differ by VMSn. Our analyses were restricted to VMSn and may not truly capture the relationship between VMS and BMD. Additional research involving VMS, bone loss and fracture incidence is needed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"}}},"pageStart":"E1079","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15061079","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55689194"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/ijerph15061079"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29861446"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q55689194"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/combined-hormonal-contraceptives-use-and-bone-mineral-density-changes-in-adolesc-reci1sgwqk4wjoknt/","name":"Combined hormonal contraceptives use and bone mineral density changes in  adolescent and young women in a prospective population-based Canada-wide  observational study","headline":"Combined hormonal contraceptives use and bone mineral density changes in  adolescent and young women in a prospective population-based Canada-wide  observational study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/combined-hormonal-contraceptives-use-and-bone-mineral-density-changes-in-adolesc-reci1sgwqk4wjoknt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tatjana S Brajic","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation Research, Medicine/Endocrinology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., Canada.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher S Kovacs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5219-9993","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John’s, NL, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04haebc03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudie Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5499-2661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Hanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shirin Kalyan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7458-0832","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Coastal Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bd8jh67"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Heather Macdonald","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5327-2657"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Katharina Schlammerl"}],"datePublished":"2018-06-02","abstract":"Objectives: To assess combined hormonal contraceptives (CHC) use and adolescent women's peak areal bone mineral density (BMD) accrual.\n\nMethods: We enrolled 527 randomly selected women across Canada (2004-6) divided by age into adolescents (16-19) and young adults (20-24) and by CHC use to ever (E-CHC)/never (N-CHC) users. At baseline and year 2 we measured height, weight, and BMD at lumbar spine (L1-4), femoral neck, and total hip sites. Interviewer-administered questionnaires addressed menarche age, cigarette and alcohol use, calcium/vitamin D intakes, physical activity and estrogen dose (≤30/>30 micrograms). Linear regression models examined associations of CHC use with 2-year BMD change adjusted for bone-related variables.\n\nResults: Of 307 women with complete data, 229 (75%) used CHC. N-CHC adolescents gained significantly more unadjusted total hip BMD +0.012 g/cm(2)/2-y (95% C.I.: 0.001, 0.023) with similar trends at all sites. N-CHC adolescents tended to have greater adjusted femoral neck BMD gain: mean difference +0.009 g/cm(2) (95% CI: -0.002; 0.021). In young women N-CHC, however, adjusted femoral neck BMD decreased significantly more -0.021 g/cm(2) (95%CI: -0.006; -0.036) with similar trends at other sites. BMD changes were unrelated to estrogen dose and age at starting CHC.\n\nConclusions: Adolescent CHC users in a random population demonstrated less hip region peak BMD accrual than non-users. This requires randomized control trial confirmation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Musculoskeletal & Neuronal Interactions"}}},"pageStart":"227","pageEnd":"236","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94068961","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29855445"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q94068961"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-and-womens-anxiety-across-the-menstrual-cycle-7lt6w5vm/","name":"Progesterone and women's anxiety across the menstrual cycle","headline":"Progesterone and women's anxiety across the menstrual cycle","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-and-womens-anxiety-across-the-menstrual-cycle-7lt6w5vm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Reynolds TA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Makhanova A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marcinkowska UM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jasienska G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"James K. McNulty","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5476-7472","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tennessee at Knoxville","sameAs":"https://ror.org/020f3ap87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eckel LA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nikonova L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maner JK"}],"datePublished":"2018-06-01","abstract":"Animal models and a few human investigations suggest progesterone may be associated with anxiety. Progesterone naturally fluctuates across the menstrual cycle, offering an opportunity to understand how within-person increases in progesterone and average progesterone levels across the cycle correspond to women's anxiety. Across two longitudinal studies, we simultaneously modeled the between- and within-person associations between progesterone and anxiety using multilevel modeling. In Study 1, 100 Polish women provided saliva samples and reported their anxiety at three phases of the menstrual cycle: follicular, peri-ovulatory, and luteal. A significant between-person effect emerged, revealing that women with higher average progesterone levels across their cycles reported higher levels of anxiety than women with lower progesterone cycles. This effect held controlling for estradiol. In Study 2, 61 American women provided saliva samples and reported their attachment anxiety during laboratory sessions during the same three cycle phases. A significant between-person and within-person association emerged: women with higher average progesterone levels reported higher levels of attachment anxiety, and as women's progesterone levels increased across their cycles, so too did their attachment anxiety. These effects held controlling for cortisol. In sum, both studies provide support for a link between menstrual cycle progesterone levels and subjective anxiety.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"102","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Hormones and behavior"}},"pageStart":"34","pageEnd":"40","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yhbeh.2018.04.008","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88411485"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.yhbeh.2018.04.008"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29673619"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q88411485"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adult-premenopausal-bone-health-related-to-reproductive-characteristics-populati-reciaw5qhstja8swz/","name":"Adult Premenopausal Bone Health Related to Reproductive  Characteristics-Population-Based Data from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis  Study (CaMos)","headline":"Adult Premenopausal Bone Health Related to Reproductive  Characteristics-Population-Based Data from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis  Study (CaMos)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adult-premenopausal-bone-health-related-to-reproductive-characteristics-populati-reciaw5qhstja8swz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Tanveer Towheed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8738-9394","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Rheumatology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rtaxr13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kelly Davison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1965-4691","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Osteoporosis Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02a7qmj40"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan I Barr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8701-7152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher S Kovacs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5219-9993","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John’s, NL, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04haebc03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudie Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5499-2661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Azita Goshtasebi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Shawn Davison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8123-7680","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2018-05-23","abstract":"Amenorrhea is important for women's bone health. However, few have reported reproductive, anthropometric (body mass index [BMI], height) and bone health (areal bone mineral density [BMD], prevalent fractures) in a population-based study. The purposes of this cross-sectional study of women in the randomly-selected Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos) population were: (1) to describe reproductive, demographic, anthropometric and lifestyle variables; and (2) in menstruating women, to relate reproductive and other variables to BMD at the lumbar spine (L1-4, LS), femoral neck (FN) and total hip (TH) sites and to prevalent fragility fractures. This study describes the reproductive characteristics of 1532 women aged 30⁻60 years. BMD relationships with reproductive and other variables were described in the 499 menstruating women. Mean menarche age was 12.8 years, 96% of women were parous and 95% had used combined hormonal contraceptives (CHC). Infertility was reported by 9%, androgen excess by 13%, amenorrhea by 8% and nulliparity by 4%. LS BMD was negatively associated with amenorrhea and androgen excess and positively related to current BMI and height. A later age at menarche negatively related to FN BMD. BMI and height were strongly related to BMD at all sites. Prevalent fragility fractures were significantly associated with quartiles of both LS and TH BMD.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"}}},"pageStart":"E1023","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15051023","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55241094"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/ijerph15051023"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29783670"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q55241094"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/does-molimina-indicate-ovulation-prospective-data-in-a-hormonally-documented-sin-receaqhkcyekgkksk/","name":"Does Molimina Indicate Ovulation? Prospective Data in a Hormonally Documented  Single-Cycle in Spontaneously Menstruating Women","headline":"Does Molimina Indicate Ovulation? Prospective Data in a Hormonally Documented  Single-Cycle in Spontaneously Menstruating Women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/does-molimina-indicate-ovulation-prospective-data-in-a-hormonally-documented-sin-receaqhkcyekgkksk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Chiaki Konishi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1262-3152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada. chiaki.konishi@mcgill.ca."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elaine Kingwell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1956-1700","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Coastal Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bd8jh67"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patricia A. Janssen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4178-1195","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Health Research Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0455vfz21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anthony P Cheung","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3266-494X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nichole Fairbrother","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1939-5984","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A1, Canada. nicholef@uvic.ca."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Azita Goshtasebi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine L Hitchcock","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation Research, Division of Endocrinology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2018-05-23","abstract":"Approximately 33% of normal-length (21⁻35 days) cycles have subclinical ovulatory disturbances and lack sufficient progesterone, although their normal length ensures enough estrogen. Subclinical ovulatory disturbances are related to significant premenopausal spine bone loss (-0.86%/year). Molimina, non-distressing premenstrual experiences, may detect ovulation within normal-length cycles. This prospective study assessed the relationship between molimina and ovulation. After 1-cycle of daily diary and first morning urine collections, women answered the Molimina Question (MQ): \"Can you tell by the way you feel that your period is coming?\" and were invited to share (a) predictive premenstrual experience(s). A 3-fold increase in follicular-luteal pregnanediol levels confirmed ovulation. In 610 spontaneously menstruating women (not on hormonal contraception, mean age 31.5 ± 5.3, menarche age 12.7 ± 1.5, cycle length [CL] 29 days, MQ positive in 89%), reported premenstrual experiences which included negative moods (62%), cramps (48%), bloating (39%), and front (26%) or axillary (25%) breast tenderness. Of 432 women with pregnanediol-documented cycles, 398 (92%) were ovulatory (CL: 29 ± 5) and 34 (8%) had ovulatory disturbances (CL: 32 ± 14). Women with/without ovulatory cycles were similar in parity, body mass index, smoking, dietary restraint and the MQ; ovulatory-disturbed cycles were longer. Molimina did not confirm ovulation. A non-invasive, inexpensive ovulation indicator is needed to prevent osteoporosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"}}},"pageStart":"E1016","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15051016","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55228669"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/ijerph15051016"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29783630"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q55228669"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/premature-spinal-bone-loss-in-women-living-with-hiv-is-associated-with-shorter-l-reclbecgxbcaiqmam/","name":"Premature Spinal Bone Loss in Women Living with HIV is Associated with Shorter Leukocyte Telomere Length","headline":"Premature Spinal Bone Loss in Women Living with HIV is Associated with Shorter Leukocyte Telomere Length","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/premature-spinal-bone-loss-in-women-living-with-hiv-is-associated-with-shorter-l-reclbecgxbcaiqmam/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Shirin Kalyan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7458-0832","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Coastal Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bd8jh67"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neora Pick","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4123-3698","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"B.C. Women's Hospital & Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c4nx247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alice Mai","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kristen Kidson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9 Canada"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Justin J Chu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5355-9989"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arianne Y.K. Albert","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3050-0888","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Health Research Institute Vancouver BC Canada"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hélène C F Côté","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0399-5141","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Health Research Institute, H214-4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia V6H 3N1, Canada; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Rm. G227 - 2211 Wesb...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0455vfz21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Evelyn J Maan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5930-3514","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"B.C. Women's Hospital & Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c4nx247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Azita Goshtasebi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Deborah Money","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4411-7473","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Melanie C M Murray","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9538-2758","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oak Tree Clinic, BC Women's Hospital and Health Centre, 4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 0A7, Canada; Women's Health Research Institute, H214-4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia V6...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0455vfz21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2018-05-18","abstract":"With advances in combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), people living with HIV are now surviving to experience aging. Evidence suggests that individuals living with HIV are at greater risk for low bone mineral density (BMD), osteoporosis, and fractures. Better understanding of the pathophysiology of bone health in women living with HIV (WLWH) is important for treatment strategies. The goal of this study was to explore new biological factors linked to low BMD in WLWH. Standardized BMD measures of WLWH were compared to reference values from an unselected population of women from the same geographical region of the same age range. Linear regression analysis was used to assess relationships among health-related characteristics, cellular aging (measured by leukocyte telomere length; LTL), cART, and BMD of WLWH. WLWH (n = 73; mean age 43 ± 9 years) had lower BMD Z-scores at the lumbar spine (LS) (mean difference = -0.39, p p = 0.012) relative to controls (n = 290). WLWH between 50 and 60 years (n = 17) had lower Z-scores at the LS (p = 0.008) and TH (p = 0.027) compared to controls (n = 167). Among WLWH, LS BMD was significantly associated with LTL (R² = 0.09, p = 0.009) and BMI (R² = 0.06, p = 0.042). Spinal BMD was adversely affected in WLWH. Reduction of LTL was strongly associated with lower BMD and may relate to its pathophysiology and premature aging in WLWH.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"}}},"pageStart":"E1018","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15051018","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54204063"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/ijerph15051018"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29783641"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q54204063"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oxidative-stress-in-preeclampsia-and-placental-diseases-zxbkmsye/","name":"Oxidative Stress in Preeclampsia and Placental Diseases","headline":"Oxidative Stress in Preeclampsia and Placental Diseases","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oxidative-stress-in-preeclampsia-and-placental-diseases-zxbkmsye/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Aouache R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Biquard L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vaiman D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Miralles F"}],"datePublished":"2018-05-17","abstract":"Preeclampsia is a persistent hypertensive gestational disease characterized by high blood pressure and proteinuria, which presents from the second trimester of pregnancy. At the cellular level, preeclampsia has largely been associated with the release of free radicals by the placenta. Placenta-borne oxidative and nitrosative stresses are even sometimes considered as the major molecular determinants of the maternal disease. In this review, we present the recent literature evaluating free radical production in both normal and pathological placentas (including preeclampsia and other major pregnancy diseases), in humans and animal models. We then assess the putative effects of these free radicals on the placenta and maternal endothelium. This analysis was conducted with regard to recent papers and possible therapeutic avenues.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International journal of molecular sciences"}}},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19051496","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55334091"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/ijms19051496"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29772777"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q55334091"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/shorter-time-to-pregnancy-with-increasing-preconception-carotene-concentrations--rec8fcbfysrpmrdjn/","name":"Shorter Time to Pregnancy With Increasing Preconception Carotene Concentrations  Among Women With 1-2 Previous Pregnancy Losses","headline":"Shorter Time to Pregnancy With Increasing Preconception Carotene Concentrations  Among Women With 1-2 Previous Pregnancy Losses","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/shorter-time-to-pregnancy-with-increasing-preconception-carotene-concentrations--rec8fcbfysrpmrdjn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Keewan Kim","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7171-3487","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert M Silver","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5794-3152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Intermountain Healthcare","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mvr1r74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brian D. Wilcox","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Commonwealth Medical College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04bqfk210"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anne M Lynch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6508-8136","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Colorado Denver","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02hh7en24"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neil J Perkins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6802-4733","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard W Browne","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7685-1608","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University at Buffalo, State University of New York","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laurie L Lesher","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Room 2B200 SOM, 50 North Medical Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Wactawski-Wende","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3096-9595","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aijun Ye","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1701-7111","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}}],"datePublished":"2018-05-17","abstract":"Although maternal nutrition may affect fecundity, associations between preconception micronutrient levels and time to pregnancy (TTP) have not been examined. We assessed the relationship between preconception fat-soluble micronutrient concentrations and TTP among women with 1-2 prior pregnancy losses. This was a prospective cohort study of 1,228 women set within the Effects of Aspirin in Gestation and Reproduction (EAGeR) Trial (United States, 2007-2011), which assessed the association of preconception-initiated daily low-dose aspirin with reproductive outcomes. We measured preconception levels of zeaxanthin, cryptoxanthin, lycopene, αand β-carotene, and αand γ-tocopherol in serum. We used discrete Cox regression models, accounting for left-truncation and right-censoring, to calculate fecundability odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. The models adjusted for age, body mass index, race, smoking, alcohol, physical activity, income, vitamin use, cholesterol, treatment arm, and study site. Serum α-carotene levels (per log unit (μg/dL) increase, fecundability odds ratio (FOR) = 1.17, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00, 1.36) and serum α-carotene concentrations at or above the US average (2.92 μg/dL) versus below the average (FOR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.44) were associated with shorter TTP. Compared with levels below the US average (187 μg/dL), γ-tocopherol concentrations at or above the average were associated with longer TTP (FOR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.69, 1.00). The potential for these nutrients to influence fecundability deserves further exploration.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"187","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Epidemiology"}}},"pageStart":"1907","pageEnd":"1915","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwy101","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58322391"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/aje/kwy101"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29767694"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q58322391"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/elevated-prenatal-anti-mullerian-hormone-reprograms-the-fetus-and-induces-polycy-recklrtb6mq5jqzzj/","name":"Elevated prenatal anti-Müllerian hormone reprograms the fetus and induces polycystic ovary syndrome in adulthood","headline":"Elevated prenatal anti-Müllerian hormone reprograms the fetus and induces polycystic ovary syndrome in adulthood","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/elevated-prenatal-anti-mullerian-hormone-reprograms-the-fetus-and-induces-polycy-recklrtb6mq5jqzzj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Brooke Tata","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3227-9857","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nour El Houda Mimouni","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8471-8551","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anne-Laure Barbotin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8985-6061","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Barbotin AL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Samuel A Malone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6824-6854","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anne Loyens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5906-3204","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pascal Pigny","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3926-4487","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université de Lille","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02kzqn938"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sophie Catteau-Jonard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1285-6423","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Terhi Piltonen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9921-7300","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oulu University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045ney286"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Federica Dal Bello","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0726-3025","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Turin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/048tbm396"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dal Bello F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudio Medana","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9772-6814","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Turin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/048tbm396"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vincent Prevot","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7185-3615","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paolo Giacobini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3075-1441","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerome Clasadonte","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Didier Dewailly","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8521-5163","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Inger Sundström-Poromaa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2491-2042","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala university, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/048a87296"}}],"datePublished":"2018-05-16","abstract":"Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the main cause of female infertility worldwide and corresponds with a high degree of comorbidities and economic burden. How PCOS is passed on from one generation to the next is not clear, but it may be a developmental condition. Most women with PCOS exhibit higher levels of circulating luteinizing hormone, suggestive of heightened gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) release, and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) as compared to healthy women. Excess AMH in utero may affect the development of the female fetus. However, as AMH levels drop during pregnancy in women with normal fertility, it was unclear whether their levels were also elevated in pregnant women with PCOS. Here we measured AMH in a cohort of pregnant women with PCOS and control pregnant women and found that AMH is significantly more elevated in the former group versus the latter. To determine whether the elevation of AMH during pregnancy in women with PCOS is a bystander effect or a driver of the condition in the offspring, we modeled our clinical findings by treating pregnant mice with AMH and followed the neuroendocrine phenotype of their female progeny postnatally. This treatment resulted in maternal neuroendocrine-driven testosterone excess and diminished placental metabolism of testosterone to estradiol, resulting in a masculinization of the exposed female fetus and a PCOS-like reproductive and neuroendocrine phenotype in adulthood. We found that the affected females had persistently hyperactivated GnRH neurons and that GnRH antagonist treatment in the adult female offspring restored their neuroendocrine phenotype to a normal state. These findings highlight a critical role for excess prenatal AMH exposure and subsequent aberrant GnRH receptor signaling in the neuroendocrine dysfunctions of PCOS, while offering a new potential therapeutic avenue to treat the condition during adulthood.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nature Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"834","pageEnd":"846","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-018-0035-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56958340"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/s41591-018-0035-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29760445"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q56958340"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/can-apps-and-calendar-methods-predict-ovulation-with-accuracy-rechiwfyisygrytkn/","name":"Can apps and calendar methods predict ovulation with accuracy?","headline":"Can apps and calendar methods predict ovulation with accuracy?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/can-apps-and-calendar-methods-predict-ovulation-with-accuracy-rechiwfyisygrytkn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarah Johnson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0259-7950","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042twtr12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lorrae Marriott","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0519-4732","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"b SPD Development Company Ltd , Statistics and Data Management , Bedford , UK."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael J. Zinaman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05cf8a891"}}],"datePublished":"2018-05-12","abstract":"Objective: The accuracy of prediction of ovulation by cycle apps and published calendar methods was determined by comparing to true probability of ovulation.\n\nMethods: A total of 949 volunteers collected urine samples for one entire menstrual cycle. Luteinizing hormone was measured to assign surge day, enabling probability of ovulation to be determined across different cycle lengths. Cycle-tracking apps were downloaded. As none provided their methodology, four published calendar-based methods were also examined: standard days, rhythm, alternative rhythm and simple calendar method. The volunteer ovulation data was applied to the app/calendar methods to determine their accuracy.\n\nResults: Mean cycle length was 28 days (range: 23-35); 34% of women believed they had a 28-day cycle, but only 15% did. No LH surge was seen for 99 women. Most likely day of ovulation for a 28-day cycle was day 16 (21%). Accuracy of ovulation prediction was no better than 21% by the apps. The standard days and rhythm methods were most likely to predict ovulation (70% and 89%, respectively) but had very low accuracy.\n\nConclusions: Ovulation day varies considerably for any given menstrual cycle length, thus it is not possible for calendar/app methods that use cycle-length information alone to accurately predict the day of ovulation. National Clinical Trial Code: NCT01577147. Registry website: www.clinicaltrials.gov .","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"34","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Current Medical Research and Opinion"}}},"pageStart":"1587","pageEnd":"1594","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/03007995.2018.1475348","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56515294"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/03007995.2018.1475348"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29749274"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q56515294"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-pre-pregnancy-hair-dye-exposure-on-infant-birth-weight-a-nested-ca-recbrmvazkhm6a4f2/","name":"The effect of pre-pregnancy hair dye exposure on infant birth weight: a nested case-control study","headline":"The effect of pre-pregnancy hair dye exposure on infant birth weight: a nested case-control study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-pre-pregnancy-hair-dye-exposure-on-infant-birth-weight-a-nested-ca-recbrmvazkhm6a4f2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Chao Jiang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9832-8210","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangxi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02c9qn167"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qingzhi Hou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1800-7262","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangxi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02c9qn167"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yuanxin Huang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5509-4671","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Juan Ye","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1700-003X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangxi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02c9qn167"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiaolian Qin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1601-0616","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Antenatal care, the Maternal &amp; Child Health Hospital of Yulin, Yulin, Guangxi, China."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yue Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4745-8038","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wen Meng","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6083-980X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guigang City People's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0247xas18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qiuyan Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3538-2403","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangxi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02c9qn167"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yawen Jiang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0498-0662","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Amgen (United States)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03g03ge92"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hao Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9518-740X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangxi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02c9qn167"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Meiling Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7536-160X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhengzhou University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04ypx8c21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zengnan Mo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2816-3731","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangxi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02c9qn167"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y Jiang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5038-5955","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangxi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02c9qn167"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiaobo Yang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5562-4134","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangxi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02c9qn167"}}],"datePublished":"2018-05-11","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Limited evidences were reported about the risk of pre-pregnancy hair dye use or irregular menstruation with abnormal birth weight during pregnancy, and their joint effects were also unknown. The aim of our study was to explore whether the pre-pregnancy exposure of hair dye and irregular menstruation were associated with the risk of abnormal birth weight.\n\nMETHODS: We conducted a nested case-control study from a prospective cohort of 6203 pregnant women. Low birth weight study included 315 mother-infant pairs (105 LBW cases and 210 matched controls), and macrosomia study included 381 mother-infant pairs (127 macrosomia cases and 254 matched controls). Meanwhile, lifestyle information including hair dying custom and menstrual history were collected by face-to-face questionnaires and birth outcomes were extracted from the medical records. The logistic regressions models were used to analyze the join effect of irregular menstruation and hair dye use.\n\nRESULTS: Pre-pregnancy hair dye use was associated with increased risk of LBW (adjusted OR = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.01-2.92, P = 0.048). Irregular menstruation had high risk of LBW (adjusted OR = 2.79, 95% CI: 1.53-5.09, P = 0.001) and macrosomia (adjusted OR = 1.93, 95% CI: 1.09-3.44, P = 0.023). Additionally, in the LBW study, women who used hair dye with pre-pregnancy BMI < 18.5 kg/m(2) had higher OR than those with only one risk factor (3.07 vs 2.53, P (trend) = 0.015), and women with both hair dye use and irregular menstruation also had higher risk than those with only one factor (4.53 vs 2.07, P (trend) = 0.05). Moreover, in macrosomia study, women with irregular menstruation and pre-pregnancy BMI ≥ 24 kg/m(2) had higher risk than those with one factor (13.31 vs 2.09, P (trend) = 0.001).\n\nCONCLUSION: Our study showed that either pre-pregnancy hair dye use or irregular menstruation was associated with abnormal birth weight, especially, their joint effects could furthermore increase the risk of low birth weight infants when these two factors existed simultaneously.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth"}}},"pageStart":"144","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-018-1782-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55073807"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s12884-018-1782-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29743046"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q55073807"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovarian-hyperstimulation-syndrome-a-narrative-review-of-its-pathophysiology-risk-6voywtd5/","name":"Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome: A Narrative Review of Its Pathophysiology, Risk Factors, Prevention, Classification, and Management","headline":"Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome: A Narrative Review of Its Pathophysiology, Risk Factors, Prevention, Classification, and Management","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovarian-hyperstimulation-syndrome-a-narrative-review-of-its-pathophysiology-risk-6voywtd5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Namavar Jahromi B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Parsanezhad ME"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shomali Z"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bakhshai P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alborzi M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Moin Vaziri N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anvar Z"}],"datePublished":"2018-05-01","abstract":"Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a serious complication of ovulation induction that usually occurs after gonadotropin stimulation, followed by human chorionic gonadotropin administration, for infertility treatment. The existing knowledge about the pathophysiology, risk factors, and primary and secondary methods for the prevention of OHSS is reviewed in this manuscript. The clinical manifestations and characteristics of mild, moderate, severe, and critical forms of the syndrome are defined. The methods of handling affected cases as outpatient or in-hospital management methods as well as indications for hospitalization are summarized in this review. The clinical and biochemical routes of assessing and monitoring hospitalized patients with OHSS, various drugs and medical treatment strategies including indications for aspiration of the ascitic fluid and pleural effusion, and also rare indications for surgery are briefly explained in this article. Severe OHSS, which two decades ago was considered an iatrogenic life-threatening condition, can now be effectively prevented or managed during the early stages. An OHSS-free clinic can be established nowadays by carefully considering the endocrinology of ovulation and using appropriate and dose-adjusted pharmaceutical agents, which are summarized and discussed in this review.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"43","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Iranian journal of medical sciences"}}},"pageStart":"248","pageEnd":"260","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55279761","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29892142"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q55279761"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/influence-of-contraception-use-on-the-reproductive-health-of-adolescents-and-young-adults-rectqzqptcs5dfved/","name":"Influence of Contraception Use on the Reproductive Health of Adolescents and Young Adults","headline":"Influence of Contraception Use on the Reproductive Health of Adolescents and Young Adults","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/influence-of-contraception-use-on-the-reproductive-health-of-adolescents-and-young-adults-rectqzqptcs5dfved/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas P Bouchard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5774-0286","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Calgary","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria Meyers","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3416-0032","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Western Health Center, Midfield, AL, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02kxemb23"}}],"datePublished":"2018-05-01","abstract":"Oral contraceptives (OCs) are often prescribed to adolescents and young adults for the treatment of health problems and to avoid unwanted pregnancies. We hypothesized that the use of OCs, among adolescents and young adults, is associated with a greater likelihood of pregnancy, abortion, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), and sexual behaviors that will enhance those problems (i.e., earlier sexual debut and more sexual partners) than adolescents and young adults not using OCs. To test this hypothesis, data from 1,365 adolescents and young adults in the 2011-2013 National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG) were used to describe the influence of ever use of OCs on ever having sex, sexual debut, multiple sexual partners, STDs, PID, pregnancy, and abortion. A secondary purpose was to evaluate protective factors from unhealthy sexual practices like religiosity, church attendance, and intact families. We found that the \"ever use\" of OCs by US adolescents and young adults results in a greater likelihood of ever having sex, STDs, PID, pregnancy, and abortion compared with those adolescents and young adults who never used OCs. Furthermore, those adolescents who ever used OCs had significantly more male sexual partners than those who never used OCs, and they also had an earlier sexual debut by almost two years. Conversely, we found that frequent church attendance, identification of the importance of religion, and having an intact family among adolescents were associated with less likelihood of unsafe sexual practices. We concluded that the use of OCs by adolescents and young adults might be considered a health risk. Further research is recommended to confirm these associations.\nSummary: The purpose of this article was to show the correlation between contraceptive use in adolescents and negative sexual outcomes. We used data from the 2011-2013 NSFG and demonstrated that never married adolescents who used oral hormonal contraception were three times more likely to have an STD, have PID, and to become pregnant, and, surprisingly, ten times more likely of having an abortion compared to noncontracepting adolescents. These are outcomes that contraception is intended to prevent. These data also showed that the contraceptors had significantly more male partners than their contraceptive counterparts. Protective factors such as church attendance and family cohesiveness were associated with a decreased likelihood of sexual activity.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"85","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"167","pageEnd":"177","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/0024363918770462","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64330385"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/0024363918770462"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30046195"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q64330385"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/psychological-and-pharmacological-treatments-for-adults-with-posttraumatic-stres-rect80oqhgxuevq5y/","name":"Psychological and Pharmacological Treatments for Adults With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Systematic Review Update [Internet]","headline":"Psychological and Pharmacological Treatments for Adults With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Systematic Review Update [Internet]","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/psychological-and-pharmacological-treatments-for-adults-with-posttraumatic-stres-rect80oqhgxuevq5y/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Valerie L. Forman‐Hoffman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7885-8873"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jennifer Cook Middleton"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bradley N. Gaynes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8283-5030"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rachel Palmieri Weber","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7119-7734"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carla Bann","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9305-8305"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathleen N. Lohr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3825-0713"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claire E. Baker","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3348-9183"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jane Green","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2745-127X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claire Baker","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9853-6190","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Self"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cynthia Feltner"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Valerie Forman-Hoffman"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Meera Viswanathan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2187-2583"}],"datePublished":"2018-05-01","abstract":"Objective: To assess efficacy, comparative effectiveness, and harms of psychological and pharmacological treatments for adults with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and to update the original 2013 review.\n\nData Sources: MEDLINE(®), CINAHL(®), Cochrane Library, Cochrane Clinical Trials Registry, PILOTS (Published International Literature on Traumatic Stress), PsycINFO(®), and reference lists of published literature (May 2012–September 2017). REVIEW\n\nMethods: Two investigators independently selected, extracted data from, and rated risk of bias of relevant studies. We conducted meta-analyses or network meta-analyses using random-effects models when we had evidence from three or more studies with low heterogeneity. We graded strength of evidence (SOE) following established Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality guidance.\n\nResults: We included 193 randomized controlled trials (207 articles) for this review. Several psychological treatments were associated with the reduction of PTSD symptoms and loss of PTSD diagnosis compared with inactive comparators; high SOE supports efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)-exposure and CBT-mixed treatments, and moderate SOE supports efficacy of cognitive processing therapy (CPT), cognitive therapy (CT), eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), and narrative exposure therapy (NET). When directly comparing two treatments of interest, moderate SOE favors CBT-exposure over relaxation therapy. Several pharmacological treatments reduced PTSD symptoms; moderate SOE supports the efficacy of fluoxetine, paroxetine, and venlafaxine compared with placebo. Our network meta-analysis (33 trials; N=4,817) of Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS)-measured PTSD symptoms showed no differences in effectiveness between medications with at least moderate SOE of efficacy (fluoxetine, paroxetine, and venlafaxine) (low SOE for no difference). Studies provided insufficient strength of evidence for serious adverse events associated with any treatments of interest. The majority of psychological studies reported no information about adverse events. Among pharmacological treatments with evidence of efficacy (moderate SOE), we found increased risk of nausea with venlafaxine compared with placebo (moderate SOE). Our review found insufficient strength of evidence for the comparative effectiveness of any psychological versus pharmacological treatment and for differences in the efficacy or comparative effectiveness of treatments by patient characteristics (e.g., co-occurring conditions) or type, number, severity, or chronicity of trauma exposure(s). We did not find evidence for many of our outcomes of interest or interventions of interest, including the newer treatments added since our prior review.\n\nConclusions: Several psychological and pharmacological treatments have moderate to high SOE of efficacy for treating adults with PTSD. Future research is needed on the comparative effectiveness of treatments (including different comparisons of psychological and pharmacological treatments), differences in treatment benefits by trauma type or other patient characteristics, and adverse events associated with treatments.","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.23970/AHRQEPCCER207","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.23970/AHRQEPCCER207"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30204376"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-the-prevalence-of-chronic-endometritis-in-women-with-and-without-e-tegnpoyu/","name":"Comparison of the prevalence of chronic endometritis as determined by means of different diagnostic methods in women with and without reproductive failure","headline":"Comparison of the prevalence of chronic endometritis as determined by means of different diagnostic methods in women with and without reproductive failure","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-the-prevalence-of-chronic-endometritis-in-women-with-and-without-e-tegnpoyu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yi Liu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9300-2843","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiaomin Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0178-6696","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"BGI Group (China)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045pn2j94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jingxuan Huang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3053-8384","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Queensland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00rqy9422"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Caixia Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1534-5135","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059cjpv64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yu MY"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laird S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tin Chiu Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0554-2031","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Hallamshire Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00514rc81"}}],"datePublished":"2018-05-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To compare the prevalence of chronic endometritis (CE) when different diagnostic methods are used.\n\nDESIGN: Prospective observational study.\n\nSETTING: University-affiliated hospital.\n\nPATIENT(S): Four groups of women were studied, including women with proven fertility (Fertile; n = 40), unexplained recurrent miscarriage (RM; n = 93), recurrent implantation failure (RIF; n = 39), and infertile subjects undergoing endometrial scratch in a natural cycle preceding frozen-thawed embryo transfer (Infertility; n = 48).\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Endometrial biopsy was performed precisely 7 days after LH surge (LH+7). Plasma cells were identified by means of traditional hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and by means of immunohistochemistry (IHC) for Syndecan-1 (CD138).\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Prevalence of CE.\n\nRESULT(S): The use of CD138 epitope was more sensitive than HE staining in identifying plasma cells. The use of plasma cell count per unit area had the lowest observer variability compared with cell count per ten randomly chosen high-power fields and cell count per section. Using this method, the prevalence of CE in women with RM, RIF, and Infertility were 10.8%, 7.7%, and 10.4%, respectively, not significantly higher than that of Fertile subjects (5.0%).\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Using what may be a new method of plasma cell assessment, it appears that the prevalence rates of CE reported in many earlier studies may have been overestimated.\n\nCLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ChiCTR-IOC-16007882.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"109","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"832","pageEnd":"839","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.01.022","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.01.022"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29778382"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cardiovascular-and-metabolic-morbidity-after-hysterectomy-with-ovarian-conservat-dvvitgwq/","name":"Cardiovascular and metabolic morbidity after hysterectomy with ovarian conservation: a cohort study","headline":"Cardiovascular and metabolic morbidity after hysterectomy with ovarian conservation: a cohort study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cardiovascular-and-metabolic-morbidity-after-hysterectomy-with-ovarian-conservat-dvvitgwq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Laughlin-Tommaso SK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zahid Khan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0710-2419","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of South Wales","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02mzn7s88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Weaver AL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Smith CY"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Walter A Rocca","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1832-7664","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mayo Clinic in Arizona","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03jp40720"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stewart EA"}],"datePublished":"2018-05-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to determine the long-term risk of cardiovascular disease and metabolic conditions in women undergoing hysterectomy with bilateral ovarian conservation compared with age-matched referent women.\n\nMETHODS: Using the Rochester Epidemiology Project records-linkage system, we identified 2,094 women who underwent hysterectomy with ovarian conservation for benign indications between 1980 and 2002 in Olmsted County, Minnesota. Each woman was age-matched (±1 y) to a referent woman residing in the same county who had not undergone prior hysterectomy or any oophorectomy. These two cohorts were followed historically to identify de novo cardiovascular or metabolic diagnoses. We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs using Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for 20 preexisting chronic conditions and other potential confounders. We also calculated absolute risk increases and reductions from Kaplan-Meier estimates.\n\nRESULTS: Over a median follow-up of 21.9 years, women who underwent hysterectomy experienced increased risks of de novo hyperlipidemia (HR 1.14; 95% CI, 1.05-1.25), hypertension (HR 1.13; 95% CI, 1.03-1.25), obesity (HR 1.18; 95% CI, 1.04-1.35), cardiac arrhythmias (HR 1.17; 95% CI, 1.05-1.32), and coronary artery disease (HR 1.33; 95% CI, 1.12-1.58). Women who underwent hysterectomy at age ≤35 years had a 4.6-fold increased risk of congestive heart failure and a 2.5-fold increased risk of coronary artery disease.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Even with ovarian conservation, hysterectomy is associated with an increased long-term risk of cardiovascular and metabolic conditions, especially in women who undergo hysterectomy at age ≤35 years. If these associations are causal, alternatives to hysterectomy should be considered to treat benign gynecologic conditions.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"25","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Menopause (New York, N.Y.)"}}},"pageStart":"483","pageEnd":"492","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/GME.0000000000001043","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49493589"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/GME.0000000000001043"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29286988"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q49493589"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/does-the-phase-of-the-menstrual-cycle-really-matter-to-anaesthesia-wnec4ok8/","name":"Does the phase of the menstrual cycle really matter to anaesthesia?","headline":"Does the phase of the menstrual cycle really matter to anaesthesia?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/does-the-phase-of-the-menstrual-cycle-really-matter-to-anaesthesia-wnec4ok8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kurdi MS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ramaswamy AH"}],"datePublished":"2018-05-01","abstract":"The menstrual cycle is a physiological phenomenon that is accompanied by several hormonal fluctuations involving oestrogen and progesterone. Oestrogen and progesterone exert several physiological effects. There are many questions pertaining to the influence of the physiology of menstruation on anaesthesia. We attempted to find out whether the phase of the menstrual cycle can alter the physiological functions during anaesthesia, the perioperative management and outcomes. We performed a literature search in Google Scholar, PubMed and Cochrane databases for original and reviewed articles on the phases of the menstrual cycle and their relation to anaesthesia-related physiological parameters to find an answer to these questions. Many studies have shown that women, perimenstrually, may have increased pain perception, exacerbation of systemic diseases, vocal cord/peripheral oedema and post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Some of the other notable findings in most studies were sleep disturbances in the luteal phase (LP), increased occurrence of PONV in the ovulatory phase and a lower requirement of intravenous sedative and anaesthetic drug requirements in the LP. We found contradictory results concerning pain perception and PONV in relation to the follicular and LPs. However, we found that literature regarding the phase of the menstrual cycle and the haemodynamic response to intubation, anaesthesia-induced hypnosis and perioperative blood loss is relatively scarce. Thus, there is a need to conduct good quality research on these topics.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"62","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Indian journal of anaesthesia"}}},"pageStart":"330","pageEnd":"336","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.4103/ija.IJA_139_18","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55386273"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4103/ija.IJA_139_18"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29910489"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q55386273"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/medroxyprogesterone-acetate-unlike-norethisterone-increases-hiv-1-replication-in-human-peripheral-blood-mononuclear-cells-and-an-indicator-cell-line-via-mechanisms-involving-the-glucocorticoid-receptor-increased-rec66n8eihxtzqdeh/","name":"Medroxyprogesterone acetate, unlike norethisterone, increases HIV-1 replication  in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and an indicator cell line, via  mechanisms involving the glucocorticoid receptor, increased CD4/CD8 ratios and  CCR5 levels","headline":"Medroxyprogesterone acetate, unlike norethisterone, increases HIV-1 replication  in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and an indicator cell line, via  mechanisms involving the glucocorticoid receptor, increased CD4/CD8 ratios and  CCR5 levels","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/medroxyprogesterone-acetate-unlike-norethisterone-increases-hiv-1-replication-in-human-peripheral-blood-mononuclear-cells-and-an-indicator-cell-line-via-mechanisms-involving-the-glucocorticoid-receptor-increased-rec66n8eihxtzqdeh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Michelle F Maritz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6345-4446","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Cape Town","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03p74gp79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roslyn M Ray","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4462-8532","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Cape Town","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03p74gp79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexis J Bick","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9219-7255","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Cape Town","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03p74gp79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michele Tomasicchio","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2421-7215","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Molecular and Cell Biology University of Cape Town Rondebosch South Africa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03p74gp79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John G Woodland","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6273-5596","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Cape Town","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03p74gp79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chanel Avenant","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0216-1575","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Cape Town","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03p74gp79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yashini Govender","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Cape Town","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03p74gp79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Janet P Hapgood","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4414-4861","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Molecular and Cell Biology University of Cape Town Rondebosch South Africa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03p74gp79"}}],"datePublished":"2018-04-27","abstract":"High usage of progestin-only injectable contraceptives, which include the intramuscular injectables depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA-IM, Depo-Provera) and norethisterone (NET) enanthate (NET-EN or Nur-Isterate), correlates worldwide with areas of high HIV-1 prevalence. Epidemiological data show a significant association between usage of DMPA-IM and increased HIV-1 acquisition but no such association from limited data for NET-EN. Whether MPA and NET have similar effects on HIV-1 acquisition and pathogenesis, and the relationship between these effects and the dose of MPA, are critical issues for women's health and access to suitable and safe contraceptives. We show for the first time that MPA, unlike NET, significantly increases HIV-1 replication in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and a cervical cell line model. The results provide novel evidence for a biological mechanism whereby MPA, acting via the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), increases HIV-1 replication by at least in part increasing expression of the CCR5 HIV-1 coreceptor on target T-lymphocytes. MPA, unlike NET, also increases activation of T-cells and increases the CD4/CD8 ratio, suggesting that multiple mechanisms are involved in the MPA response. Our data offer strong support for different biological mechanisms for MPA versus NET, due to their differential GR activity. The dose-dependence of the MPA response suggests that significant effects are observed within the range of peak serum levels of progestins in DMPA-IM but not NET-EN users. Dose-response results further suggest that effects of contraceptives containing MPA on HIV-1 acquisition and disease progression may be critically dependent on dose, time after injection and intrinsic factors that affect serum concentrations in women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"PloS One"}}},"pageStart":"e0196043","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0196043","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52561199"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1371/journal.pone.0196043"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29698514"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q52561199"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/tamoxifen-is-better-than-low-dose-clomiphene-or-gonadotropins-in-women-with-thin-recbmnkkect7rgh8w/","name":"Tamoxifen is Better than Low-Dose Clomiphene or Gonadotropins in Women with Thin  Endometrium (<7 mm) after Clomiphene in Intrauterine Insemination Cycles: A  Prospective Study","headline":"Tamoxifen is Better than Low-Dose Clomiphene or Gonadotropins in Women with Thin  Endometrium (<7 mm) after Clomiphene in Intrauterine Insemination Cycles: A  Prospective Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/tamoxifen-is-better-than-low-dose-clomiphene-or-gonadotropins-in-women-with-thin-recbmnkkect7rgh8w/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunita Sharma","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7946-7161","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute of Reproductive Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03jgxy838"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Indranil Saha","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6622-7695","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute of Reproductive Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03jgxy838"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"BN Chakravarty","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute of Reproductive Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03jgxy838"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sikha Bathwal","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute of Reproductive Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03jgxy838"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gunja Bose","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9844-0121","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute of Reproductive Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03jgxy838"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Geetha Rani","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7392-3217","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"ART Department, Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Kolkata, West Bengal, India."}}],"datePublished":"2018-04-24","abstract":"Aim: Gonadotropin stimulation is used as the second line of treatment in patients with thin endometrium following clomiphene citrate (CC) administration, which is associated with higher cost, multiple births, and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. Tamoxifen (TMX), a selective estrogen receptor modulator, acts as an agonist on the endometrium. The objective of the present study was to compare the efficacy of low-dose CC, TMX, and gonadotropins in women with thin endometrium (<7 mm) following Clomiphene in intrauterine insemination (IUI) cycles. SETTINGS AND Design: A prospective observational study between December 2011 and June 2013 was carried out in a tertiary infertility center.\n\nMethods: Women (n = 502) undergoing IUI with endometrium <7 mm after 100 mg CC were included in the study and divided into three treatment groups. Women in Group A (n = 182, cycles = 364) received clomiphene (50 mg/day from day 3 to 7), Group B (n = 179, cycles = 342) received TMX (40 mg/day from day 3 to 7), and Group C (n = 141, cycles = 226) received continuous urine-derived follicle-stimulating hormone 75-150 IU from day 3 onward until human chorionic gonadotropin injection. Endometrial thickness (ET), pregnancy rate, and live birth rate were considered as main outcome measures. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Multiple comparisons using one-way ANOVA and Schiff's test were performed.\n\nResults: Pregnancy and live birth rate were significantly higher (P < 0.004) in TMX and gonadotropin groups compared to clomiphene. A number of follicles in the TMX group were found to be lower (P < 0.001) compared to other two groups. In polycystic ovary syndrome patients, ovulation induction with TMX resulted in inadequate response in more than half of the cycles.\n\nConclusions: TMX can improve ET and live birth rate in patients with thin endometrium after clomiphene.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Human Reproductive Sciences"}}},"pageStart":"34","pageEnd":"39","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.4103/jhrs.JHRS_9_17","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55422736"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4103/jhrs.JHRS_9_17"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29681714"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q55422736"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-sex-menstrual-cycle-phase-and-monophasic-oral-contraceptive-pill-use-o-recdpfeb3gcockhrl/","name":"Effect of sex, menstrual cycle phase, and monophasic oral contraceptive pill use  on local and central arterial stiffness in young adults","headline":"Effect of sex, menstrual cycle phase, and monophasic oral contraceptive pill use  on local and central arterial stiffness in young adults","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-sex-menstrual-cycle-phase-and-monophasic-oral-contraceptive-pill-use-o-recdpfeb3gcockhrl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ninette Shenouda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6505-7057","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maureen J MacDonald","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9851-3610","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stacey E Priest","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}}],"datePublished":"2018-04-21","abstract":"Arterial stiffness is associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk. Previous sex-based investigations of local and central stiffness report inconsistent findings and have not controlled for menstrual cycle phase in women. There is also evidence that sex hormones influence the vasculature, but their impact on arterial stiffness across a natural menstrual (NAT) or oral contraceptive pill (OCP) cycle has been understudied. This study sought to 1) examine potential sex differences in local and central stiffness, 2) compare stiffness profiles between NAT and OCP cycles, and 3) investigate the relationship between duration of OCP use and arterial stiffness. Sex hormone concentrations, β-stiffness index (local stiffness), and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity [cfPWV (central stiffness)] were assessed in 53 healthy adults (22 ± 3 yr old, 20 men, 15 NAT women, and 18 OCP women). All participants were tested three times: men on the same day and time 1 wk apart, NAT women in menstrual, midfollicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle, and OCP women in placebo, early active and late active pill phases. β-Stiffness was higher in men than NAT and OCP women ( P < 0.001), whereas cfPWV was similar between groups ( P = 0.09). β-Stiffness and cfPWV did not differ across or between NAT and OCP cycles ( P > 0.05 for both) and were not associated with duration of OCP use (β-stiffness: r = 0.003, P = 0.99; cfPWV: r = -0.26, P = 0.30). The apparent sex differences in local, but not central, stiffness highlight the importance of assessing both indexes in comparisons between men and women. Furthermore, fluctuating sex hormone levels do not appear to influence β-stiffness or cfPWV. Therefore, these stiffness indexes may need to be assessed during only one cycle phase in women in future investigations. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We observed higher local, but not central, arterial stiffness in men than women. We also demonstrated that there are no differences in arterial stiffness between naturally cycling women and women who use monophasic oral contraceptive pills, and that the duration of oral contraceptive pill use does not influence arterial stiffness.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"315","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology"}}},"pageStart":"H357-H365","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00039.2018","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57171388"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1152/ajpheart.00039.2018"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29677465"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q57171388"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/low-dose-naltrexone-for-induction-of-remission-in-crohns-disease-recsfv5gl3upmnrsu/","name":"Low dose naltrexone for induction of remission in Crohn's disease","headline":"Low dose naltrexone for induction of remission in Crohn's disease","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/low-dose-naltrexone-for-induction-of-remission-in-crohns-disease-recsfv5gl3upmnrsu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Claire E Parker","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8587-5441","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Robarts Clinical Trials","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e36dv41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tuan M. Nguyen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8058-7750","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Herlev Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wys9y90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nilesh Chande","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"London Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/037tz0e16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John K MacDonald","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Robarts Clinical Trials","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e36dv41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dan Segal","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"London Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/037tz0e16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tuan V Nguyen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0200-0985","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UNSW Sydney","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63"}}],"datePublished":"2018-04-03","abstract":"Background: Crohn's disease is a transmural, relapsing inflammatory condition afflicting the digestive tract. Opioid signalling, long known to affect secretion and motility in the gut, has been implicated in the inflammatory cascade of Crohn's disease. Low dose naltrexone, an opioid antagonist, has garnered interest as a potential therapy.\n\nObjectives: The primary objective was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of low dose naltrexone for induction of remission in Crohn's disease. SEARCH\n\nMethods: A systematic search of MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, CENTRAL, and the Cochrane IBD Group Specialized Register was performed from inception to 15 January 2018 to identify relevant studies. Abstracts from major gastroenterology conferences including Digestive Disease Week and United European Gastroenterology Week and reference lists from retrieved articles were also screened.\nSelection Criteria: Randomized controlled trials of low dose naltrexone (LDN) for treatment of active Crohn's disease were included. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Data were analyzed on an intention-to-treat basis using Review Manager (RevMan 5.3.5). The primary outcome was induction of clinical remission defined by a Crohn's disease activity index (CDAI) of < 150 or a pediatric Crohn's disease activity index (PCDAI) of < 10. Secondary outcomes included clinical response (70or 100-point decrease in CDAI from baseline), endoscopic remission or response, quality of life, and adverse events as defined by the included studies. Risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for dichotomous outcomes. The methodological quality of included studies was evaluated using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. The overall quality of the evidence supporting the primary outcome and selected secondary outcomes was assessed using the GRADE criteria.\n\nMAIN Results: Two studies were identified (46 participants). One study assessed the efficacy and safety of 12 weeks of LDN (4.5 mg/day) treatment compared to placebo in adult patients (N = 34). The other study assessed eight weeks of LDN (0.1 mg/kg, maximum 4.5 mg/day) treatment compared to placebo in pediatric patients (N = 12). The primary purpose of the pediatric study was to assess safety and tolerability. Both studies were rated as having a low risk of bias. The study in adult patients reported that 30% (5/18) of LDN treated patients achieved clinical remission at 12 weeks compared to 18% (3/16) of placebo patients, a difference that was not statistically significant (RR 1.48, 95% CI 0.42 to 5.24). The study in children reported that 25% of LDN treated patients achieved clinical remission (PCDAI < 10) compared to none of the patients in the placebo group, although it was unclear if this result was for the randomized placebo-controlled trial or for the open label extension study. In the adult study 70-point clinical response rates were significantly higher in those treated with LDN than placebo. Eighty-three per cent (15/18) of LDN patients had a 70-point clinical response at week 12 compared to 38% (6/16) of placebo patients (RR 2.22, 95% CI 1.14 to 4.32). The effect of LDN on the proportion of adult patients who achieved a 100-point clinical response was uncertain. Sixty-one per cent (11/18) of LDN patients achieved a 100-point clinical response compared to 31% (5/16) of placebo patients (RR 1.96, 95% CI 0.87 to 4.42). The proportion of patients who achieved endoscopic response (CDEIS decline > 5 from baseline) was significantly higher in the LDN group compared to placebo. Seventy-two per cent (13/18) of LDN patients achieved an endoscopic response compared to 25% (4/16) of placebo patients (RR 2.89; 95% CI 1.18 to 7.08). However, there was no statistically significant difference in the proportion of patients who achieved endoscopic remission. Endoscopic remission (CDEIS < 3) was achieved in 22% (4/18) of the LDN group compared to 0% (0/16) of the placebo group (RR 8.05; 95% CI 0.47 to 138.87). Pooled data from both studies show no statistically significant differences in withdrawals due to adverse events or specific adverse events including sleep disturbance, unusual dreams, headache, decreased appetite, nausea and fatigue. No serious adverse events were reported in either study. GRADE analyses rated the overall quality of the evidence for the primary and secondary outcomes (i.e. clinical remission, clinical response, endoscopic response, and adverse events) as low due to serious imprecision (sparse data). AUTHORS'\n\nConclusions: Currently, there is insufficient evidence to allow any firm conclusions regarding the efficacy and safety of LDN used to treat patients with active Crohn's disease. Data from one small study suggests that LDN may provide a benefit in terms of clinical and endoscopic response in adult patients with active Crohn's disease. Data from two small studies suggest that LDN does not increase the rate of specific adverse events relative to placebo. However, these results need to be interpreted with caution as they are based on very small numbers of patients and the overall quality of the evidence was rated as low due to serious imprecision. Further randomized controlled trials are required to assess the efficacy and safety of LDN therapy in active Crohn's disease in both adults and children.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"}}},"pageStart":"CD010410","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD010410.pub3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q53833269"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/14651858.CD010410.pub3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29607497"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q53833269"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/well-differentiated-papillary-mesothelioma-of-abdomen-a-rare-case-with-diagnosti-0wcndtqk/","name":"Well differentiated papillary mesothelioma of abdomen — a rare case with diagnostic dilemma","headline":"Well differentiated papillary mesothelioma of abdomen — a rare case with diagnostic dilemma","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/well-differentiated-papillary-mesothelioma-of-abdomen-a-rare-case-with-diagnosti-0wcndtqk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Saha A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mandal PK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Manna A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kashif Kamran Khan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kasturba Medical College, Manipal","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hg48t65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pal S"}],"datePublished":"2018-04-01","abstract":"Well-differentiated papillary mesothelioma is a rare tumor occurring  predominantly in the peritoneum of young women, a few with history of asbestos  exposure. A 28-year-old woman presented with ascites and pain abdomen.  Ultrasonography and computed tomography scan of the abdomen revealed a mass in  the retroperitoneum measuring 15 cm × 12 cm. Histopathological examination along  with immunohistochemistry (IHC) confirmed it to be a papillary mesothelioma in  the peritoneum. It is difficult to differentiate from more common malignant  mesothelioma and papillary adenocarcinoma, which also have poorer prognosis. The  difficulty can be resolved by clinico-radiological correlation along with  histopathological examination and IHC.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"J Lab Physicians"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.4103/JLP.JLP_167_16","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55511662"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4103/JLP.JLP_167_16"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29692597"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q55511662"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fruit-and-vegetable-consumption-and-risk-of-endometriosis-6lbvtxtv/","name":"Fruit and vegetable consumption and risk of endometriosis","headline":"Fruit and vegetable consumption and risk of endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fruit-and-vegetable-consumption-and-risk-of-endometriosis-6lbvtxtv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Holly R Harris","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2572-6727","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fred Hutch Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007ps6h72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eke AC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jorge E Chavarro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7790-8311","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stacey A Missmer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1768-7705","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Michigan State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993"}}],"datePublished":"2018-04-01","abstract":"STUDY QUESTION: Is there an association between intake of fruits and vegetables and risk of laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis?\n\nSUMMARY ANSWER: Higher intake of fruits, particularly citrus fruits, is associated with a lower risk of endometriosis.\n\nWHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Two case-control studies have examined the associations between fruit and vegetable intake and endometriosis risk with contrasting results. Diets rich in fruits and vegetables include higher levels of pro-vitamin A nutrients (alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin) and women with endometriosis have been reported to have lower intake of vitamin A than women without endometriosis.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN SIZE, DURATION: A prospective cohort study using data collected from 70 835 premenopausal women from 1991 to 2013 as part of the Nurses' Health Study II cohort.\n\nPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: Diet was assessed with a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) every 4 years. Cases were restricted to laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate rate ratios (RR) and 95% CI.\n\nMAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: During 840 012 person-years of follow-up, 2609 incident cases of laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis were reported (incidence rate = 311 per 100 000 person-years). We observed a non-linear inverse association between higher fruit consumption and risk of laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis (Psignificance of the curve = 0.005). This inverse association was particularly evident for citrus fruits. Women consuming ≥1 servings of citrus fruits/day had a 22% lower endometriosis risk (95% CI = 0.69-0.89; Ptrend = 0.004) compared to those consuming <1 serving/week. No association was observed between total vegetable intake and endometriosis risk. However, women consuming ≥1 servings/day cruciferous vegetables had a 13% higher risk of endometriosis (95% CI = 0.95-1.34; Ptrend = 0.03) compared to those consuming <1 serving/week. Of the nutrients examined, only beta-cryptoxanthin intake was significantly associated with lower endometriosis risk (RR fifth quintile = 0.88; 95% CI = 0.78-1.00; Ptrend = 0.02).\n\nLIMITATIONS REASONS FOR CAUTION: Some error in the self-reporting of dietary intake is expected, however, use of a validated FFQ and examining diet prospectively across multiple time points, make it unlikely that this non-differential misclassification strongly influenced the results.\n\nWIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: Our findings suggest that a higher intake of fruits, particularly citrus fruits, is associated with a lower risk of endometriosis, and beta-cryptoxanthin in these foods may partially explain this association. In contrast to what we hypothesized, consumption of some vegetables increased endometriosis risk which may indicate a role of gastrointestinal symptoms in both the presentation and exacerbation of endometriosis-related pain; however, it is not clear what components of these foods might underlie the observed associations. Future studies examining dietary patterns that consider different combinations of food intake may help clarify these associations.\n\nSTUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S): This work was supported by research grants HD4854, HD52473 and HD57210 from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, and grant P30 DK046200 from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. The Nurses' Health Study II is supported by the Public Health Service grant UM1 CA176726 from the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health. HRH is supported by the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (K22 CA193860). No competing interests.\n\nTRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: n/a.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"33","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"715","pageEnd":"727","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dey014","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50062978"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/dey014"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29401293"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50062978"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-lecithin-phosphatidylserine-and-phosphatidic-acid-complex-pas-reduces-symptoms-recojhw7drkv71ejp/","name":"A lecithin phosphatidylserine and phosphatidic acid complex (PAS) reduces  symptoms of the premenstrual syndrome (PMS): Results of a randomized,  placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial","headline":"A lecithin phosphatidylserine and phosphatidic acid complex (PAS) reduces  symptoms of the premenstrual syndrome (PMS): Results of a randomized,  placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-lecithin-phosphatidylserine-and-phosphatidic-acid-complex-pas-reduces-symptoms-recojhw7drkv71ejp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Katja Schmidt","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9175-2085","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Daacro (Germany)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/049kvfv38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Meir Steiner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6503-3733","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D H Hellhammer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9262-6681"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anne Dubberke","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Daacro (Germany)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/049kvfv38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Juliane Hellhammer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contract Research Institute daacro, Trier, Germany. Electronic address: hellhammer@daacro.de."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nadin Meyer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6157-5746","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Daacro (Germany)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/049kvfv38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Rutenberg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7630-1721","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Lipogen Ltd., Haifa, Israel.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05pzx1a74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nicole Weber","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5531-175X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Daacro (Germany)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/049kvfv38"}}],"datePublished":"2018-03-27","abstract":"BACKGROUND & Aims: Many women experience emotional and physical symptoms around the time of ovulation and more so before menstruation interfering with their daily normal life also known as premenstrual syndrome (PMS). Recent observational data suggest that supplementation with Lipogen's phosphatidylserine (PS) and phosphatidic acid (PA) complex (PAS) alleviates these PMS symptoms. The aim of this study was to confirm these observations on the effects of PAS on PMS symptom severity within a controlled clinical trial setting.\n\nMethods: Forty women aged 18-45 years with a diagnosis of PMS were assigned to either take PAS (containing 400 mg PS & 400 mg PA per day) or a matching placebo. The study comprised 5 on-site visits including 1 baseline menstrual cycle followed by 3 treatment cycles. Treatment intake was controlled for by using an electronic device, the Medication Event Monitoring System (MEMS(®)). Primary outcome of the study was the PMS symptoms severity as assessed by using the Daily Record of Severity of Problems (DRSP). Further, SIPS questionnaire (a German version of the Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool (PSST)), salivary hormone levels (cortisol awakening response (CAR) and evening cortisol levels) as well as serum levels (cortisol, estradiol, progesterone and corticosteroid binding globulin (CBG)) were assessed.\n\nResults: PMS symptoms as assessed by the DRSP Total score showed a significantly better improvement (p = 0.001) over a 3 cycles PAS intake as compared to placebo. In addition, PAS treated women reported a greater improvement in physical (p = 0.002) and depressive symptoms (p = 0.068). They also reported a lower reduction of productivity (p = 0.052) and a stronger decrease in interference with relationships with others (p = 0.099) compared to the placebo group. No other DRSP scale or item showed significant results. Likewise, the reduction in the number of subjects fulfilling PMS or premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) criteria as classified by the SIPS did not differ between the PAS and the placebo group. For the biomarkers, the salivary cortisol percentage increase of the CAR was significantly less pronounced in the follicular phase of cycle 4 than in the follicular phase of cycle 1 for subjects taking PAS when compared to subjects taking placebo (p = 0.018). Furthermore, the change of serum cortisol levels between visit 1 and visit 5 differed significantly between groups (p = 0.043). While serum cortisol levels of PAS treated females slightly decreased between visit 1 and visit 5, cortisol levels of females treated with placebo increased. For all other biomarkers, no treatment effects were observed over the 4 cycles study period. Overall, this study confirms that a daily intake of PAS, containing 400 mg PS and 400 mg PA, can be considered as safe.\n\nConclusions: Results substantiate the efficacy of PAS in reducing symptoms of PMS. In view of the recent inclusion of severe PMS symptoms (PMDD) in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), the positive results of this clinical study merits consideration of developing the PAS complex as a botanical drug for treatment of PMDD.\n\nCLINICAL Trial Registration: The study is registered at Deutsches Register Klinischer Studien with the registration number DRKS00009005.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical Nutrition ESPEN"}},"pageStart":"22","pageEnd":"30","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2018.01.067","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51735118"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2018.01.067"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29576358"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q51735118"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/platelet-rich-plasma-therapy-and-reproductive-medicine-recmfzdwd8hfgohdu/","name":"Platelet-rich plasma therapy and reproductive medicine","headline":"Platelet-rich plasma therapy and reproductive medicine","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/platelet-rich-plasma-therapy-and-reproductive-medicine-recmfzdwd8hfgohdu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Adriana Bos‐Mikich","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5704-1936","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul","sameAs":"https://ror.org/041yk2d64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ricardo de Oliveira","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6203-157X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"RDO Medical Diagnosis, S&#xe3;o Paulo, Brazil."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nilo Frantz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4671-408X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nilo Frantz Human Reproduction Center, Porto Alegre, Brazil."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Adriana Bos-Mikich","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8944-0181","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. Adriana.bosmikich@gmail.com."}}],"datePublished":"2018-03-23","abstract":"Reports on clinical uses of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) have dramatically increased in the last decade. Indications for PRP therapy range from muscle and skeletal injuries to hair re-growth. More recently evidences have shown its positive effects in promoting endometrial and follicular growth and gestation in assisted reproduction cycles. We discuss the putative role of PRP on endometrial receptivity, with a brief history of its applications in research and clinical therapies. Despite its widespread uses in medicine, the mechanisms through which PRP exerts its regenerative effects are only postulated, not based on scientific data. There is an unmet need for advanced research to corroborate present findings in the clinical scenario.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"35","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics"}}},"pageStart":"753","pageEnd":"756","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-018-1159-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88128631"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s10815-018-1159-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29564738"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q88128631"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/placenta-and-appetite-genes-gdf15-and-igfbp7-are-associated-with-hyperemesis-gra-ofbolc3l/","name":"Placenta and appetite genes GDF15 and IGFBP7 are associated with hyperemesis gravidarum","headline":"Placenta and appetite genes GDF15 and IGFBP7 are associated with hyperemesis gravidarum","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/placenta-and-appetite-genes-gdf15-and-igfbp7-are-associated-with-hyperemesis-gra-ofbolc3l/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Fejzo MS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sazonova OV"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sathirapongsasuti JF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hallgrímsdóttir IB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vacic V"},{"@type":"Person","name":"MacGibbon KW"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Schoenberg FP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mancuso N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Slamon DJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mullin PM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"23andMe Research Team"}],"datePublished":"2018-03-21","abstract":"Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG), severe nausea and vomiting of pregnancy, occurs in 0.3-2% of pregnancies and is associated with maternal and fetal morbidity. The cause of HG remains unknown, but familial aggregation and results of twin studies suggest that understanding the genetic contribution is essential for comprehending the disease etiology. Here, we conduct a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for binary (HG) and ordinal (severity of nausea and vomiting) phenotypes of pregnancy complications. Two loci, chr19p13.11 and chr4q12, are genome-wide significant (p < 5 × 10-8) in both association scans and are replicated in an independent cohort. The genes implicated at these two loci are GDF15 and IGFBP7 respectively, both known to be involved in placentation, appetite, and cachexia. While proving the casual roles of GDF15 and IGFBP7 in nausea and vomiting of pregnancy requires further study, this GWAS provides insights into the genetic risk factors contributing to the disease.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nature communications"}}},"pageStart":"1178","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-03258-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55276810"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/s41467-018-03258-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29563502"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q55276810"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-relationship-between-progestin-hormonal-contraception-and-depression-a-syste-recqjflmotrdevi2g/","name":"The relationship between progestin hormonal contraception and depression: a  systematic review","headline":"The relationship between progestin hormonal contraception and depression: a  systematic review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-relationship-between-progestin-hormonal-contraception-and-depression-a-syste-recqjflmotrdevi2g/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Brett Worly","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3768-9708","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Ohio State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tamar Gur","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5559-0226","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00c01js51"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan Schaffir","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7660-639X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Ohio State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23"}}],"datePublished":"2018-03-03","abstract":"Objective: We performed a systematic review to look for an association between progestin-only contraception and depression.\n\nMethods: We searched PubMed, Ovid and Web of Science for English-language articles including progestin-only contraception and depression from database inception to September 2016. We evaluated study quality with the procedures guiding reviews for the United States Preventive Services Task Force and the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tools. We included studies that evaluated progestin-only contraception and depression, focusing on externally validated depression measures. We excluded case studies, review articles and other psychiatric disorders.\n\nResults: We identified 26 studies that met the inclusion criteria, including 5 randomized controlled trials, 11 cohort studies and 10 cross-sectional studies. We found minimal association between progestin-only methods and depression. No correlation with depression was found in five low-quality, high-risk-of-bias progestin subdermal implant studies and four out of five varying-quality and medium-risk-of-bias levonorgestrel intrauterine device studies. Three medroxyprogesterone acetate intramuscular injection trials with varying levels of quality and bias show no difference in depression. Two progestin-only contraceptive pill studies with varying levels of quality and bias indicate no increase in depression scores, while one good-quality, medium-bias study shows an association between progestin-only pills, the intrauterine device and depression.\n\nConclusion: Despite perceptions in the community of increased depression following the initiation of progestin contraceptives, the preponderance of evidence does not support an association based on validated measures (mostly level II-1 evidence, moderate quality, low risk of bias).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"97","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"478","pageEnd":"489","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2018.01.010","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q53443330"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.contraception.2018.01.010"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29496297"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q53443330"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/surgery-in-adenomyosis-49rcq1gw/","name":"Surgery in adenomyosis","headline":"Surgery in adenomyosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/surgery-in-adenomyosis-49rcq1gw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Oliveira MAP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Crispi CP Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brollo LC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Crispi CP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"De Wilde RL"}],"datePublished":"2018-03-01","abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Adenomyosis is defined as the presence of endometrial glands and stroma within the myometrium. The true prevalence is unknown and has been reported to range from 1 to 70%. It has a significantly negative impact on women's quality of life, causing abnormal uterine bleeding, dysmenorrhea, and chronic pelvic pain. The definitive treatment for adenomyosis is hysterectomy, although it does not contemplate patients who wish to preserve their fertility. The aim of this paper is to discuss the latest evidence on the surgical techniques for the treatment of adenomyosis published in medical-scientific databases.\n\nMETHOD: A comprehensive literature search for articles published from 1996 to 2017 related to surgery for adenomyosis was made in Pubmed, Medline, the Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar, in English, by the following MeSH terms: adenomyosis, surgery, pathogenesis, dysmenorrhea and infertility.\n\nRESULTS: There is extensive evidence on several surgical approaches for the improvement of adenomyosis-related symptoms; however, there is no robust evidence that they are effective for infertility.\n\nCONCLUSION: The management of adenomyosis is quite complex and controversial. Complications after extensive uterine reconstruction, such as uterine rupture, should be considered and discussed with the patient. There are still limited data to support surgery effectiveness, especially for infertility, and further well-designed studies are required.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"297","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Archives of gynecology and obstetrics"}}},"pageStart":"581","pageEnd":"589","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-017-4603-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47379420"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00404-017-4603-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29197987"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47379420"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/varicocele-management-for-infertility-and-pain-a-systematic-review-hothgmie/","name":"Varicocele management for infertility and pain: A systematic review","headline":"Varicocele management for infertility and pain: A systematic review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/varicocele-management-for-infertility-and-pain-a-systematic-review-hothgmie/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Scott D. Lundy","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cleveland Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xjacd83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sabanegh ES Jr"}],"datePublished":"2018-03-01","abstract":"Despite being first described two thousand years ago, the varicocele remains a controversial multifaceted disease process with numerous biological consequences including infertility, hypogonadism, and chronic orchidalgia. The underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood and likely include hypoxia, oxidative stress, hyperthermia, anatomical aberrations, and genetics as primary components. Despite a high prevalence amongst asymptomatic fertile men, varicoceles paradoxically also represent the most common correctable cause for male infertility. In this systematic review we discuss the rich historical aspects of the varicocele and the contemporary data regarding its clinical manifestations. We performed a systematic literature review with the goal of comparing outcomes and complication rates of each of the major surgical approaches as they relate to infertility and pain. We performed a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA)-compliant systematic literature review for manuscripts focused on varicocele and its biological consequences. We identified 112 studies suitable for qualitative analysis and included 56 of these for quantitative analysis, with an emphasis on infertility and chronic pain outcomes. Taken together, the clinical work to date suggests that the highest fertility rates and the lowest complication rates are associated with the microsurgical subinguinal surgical approach to varicocelectomy. In all, 26-40% of patients undergoing varicocelectomy will successfully achieve short-term spontaneous pregnancy, and up to 90% of all patients undergoing varicocelectomy for pain will have improvement and/or resolution of their symptoms. Taken together, the data support an ongoing role for varicocelectomy in both of these clinical arenas.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Arab journal of urology"}}},"pageStart":"157","pageEnd":"170","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aju.2017.11.003","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55005024"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.aju.2017.11.003"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29713547"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q55005024"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-relationship-between-stress-and-infertility-rdgaseaw/","name":"The relationship between stress and infertility","headline":"The relationship between stress and infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-relationship-between-stress-and-infertility-rdgaseaw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rooney KL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alice D Domar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7397-8366","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04drvxt59"}}],"datePublished":"2018-03-01","abstract":"The relationship between stress and infertility has been debated for years. Women with infertility report elevated levels of anxiety and depression, so it is clear that infertility causes stress. What is less clear, however, is whether or not stress causes infertility. The impact of distress on treatment outcome is difficult to investigate for a number of factors, including inaccurate self-report measures and feelings of increased optimism at treatment onset. However, the most recent research has documented the efficacy of psychological interventions in lowering psychological distress as well as being associated with significant increases in pregnancy rates. A cognitive-behavioral group approach may be the most efficient way to achieve both goals. Given the distress levels reported by many infertile women, it is vital to expand the availability of these programs.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"20","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Dialogues in clinical neuroscience"}}},"pageStart":"41","pageEnd":"47","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.31887/DCNS.2018.20.1/klrooney","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55314172"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.31887/DCNS.2018.20.1/klrooney"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29946210"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q55314172"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-impact-of-access-barriers-on-fertility-treatment-decision-making-a-qualitati-ohmhjyug/","name":"The Impact of Access Barriers on Fertility Treatment Decision Making: A Qualitative Study From the Perspectives of Patients and Service Providers","headline":"The Impact of Access Barriers on Fertility Treatment Decision Making: A Qualitative Study From the Perspectives of Patients and Service Providers","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-impact-of-access-barriers-on-fertility-treatment-decision-making-a-qualitati-ohmhjyug/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Maxwell E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mathews M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mulay S"}],"datePublished":"2018-03-01","abstract":"Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore how barriers to accessing fertility services affect the treatment decisions made by fertility patients and service providers in Newfoundland and Labrador.\n\nMethods: Semistructured, in-depth interviews were conducted with 11 patients across Newfoundland and with eight service providers from Newfoundland and Labrador Fertility Services (located in St. John's) to gather the perspectives of both patients and providers. The interview transcripts were analyzed thematically.\n\nResults: Patients' responses to fertility service access barriers included choosing cheaper drugs, substituting intrauterine insemination (IUI) for IVF or not using IVF, delaying IVF, choosing more accessible IVF clinics, transferring multiple embryos, and stopping treatment altogether. Some patients, however, noted that the barriers would not stop them from continuing with treatment. Providers' responses to the barriers patients faced included changing drug protocols, manipulating ovulation, providing teleconsultations, and minimizing patients' clinic visits for those living some distance away from St. John's.\n\nConclusion: Both patients and providers make treatment-related decisions to maximize the likelihood of a successful pregnancy and to reduce costs, which can result in less effective care and at times increased risk to the patient. Unlike with other types of care, responses to barriers to fertility treatment largely result in changes to individual patient treatment plans rather than changing models of care. As a result, many patients must continue to seek fertility services in large urban centres and incur substantial personal costs.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"40","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada"}}},"pageStart":"334","pageEnd":"341","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jogc.2017.08.025","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jogc.2017.08.025"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-diagnosis-of-chronic-endometritis-in-infertile-asymptomatic-women-a-comparat-rec1qah2jxcen5ftk/","name":"The diagnosis of chronic endometritis in infertile asymptomatic women: a comparative study of histology, microbial cultures, hysteroscopy, and molecular microbiology","headline":"The diagnosis of chronic endometritis in infertile asymptomatic women: a comparative study of histology, microbial cultures, hysteroscopy, and molecular microbiology","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-diagnosis-of-chronic-endometritis-in-infertile-asymptomatic-women-a-comparat-rec1qah2jxcen5ftk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Inmaculada Moreno","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0911-4437","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f54p054"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ettore Cicinelli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2390-4582","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Human Oncologic Science, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027ynra39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marta Gonzalez-Monfort","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0706-3648","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Igenomix","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mjvsy78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Davide Bau","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4177-2838","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Igenomix","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mjvsy78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Felipe Vilella","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0039-9846","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f54p054"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dominique De Ziegler","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2513-8220","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mkjjy25"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leonardo Resta","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4335-4776","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027ynra39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Diana Valbuena","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0184-0237","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Igenomix","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mjvsy78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carlos Simón","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5453-9659","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04drvxt59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Iolanda Garcia-Grau","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6585-5753","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitat de València","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043nxc105"}}],"datePublished":"2018-02-27","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Chronic endometritis is a persistent inflammation of the endometrial mucosa caused by bacterial pathogens such as Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococcus, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Mycoplasma, and Ureaplasma. Although chronic endometritis can be asymptomatic, it is found in up to 40% of infertile patients and is responsible for repeated implantation failure and recurrent miscarriage. Diagnosis of chronic endometritis is based on hysteroscopy of the uterine cavity, endometrial biopsy with plasma cells being identified histologically, while specific treatment is determined based on microbial culture. However, not all microorganisms implicated are easily or readily culturable needing a turnaround time of up to 1 week.\n\nOBJECTIVE: We sought to develop a molecular diagnostic tool for chronic endometritis based on real-time polymerase chain reaction equivalent to using the 3 classic methods together, overcoming the bias of using any of them alone.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: Endometrial samples from patients assessed for chronic endometritis (n = 113) using at least 1 or several conventional diagnostic methods namely histology, hysteroscopy, and/or microbial culture, were blindly evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction for the presence of 9 chronic endometritis pathogens: Chlamydia trachomatis, Enterococcus, Escherichia coli, Gardnerella vaginalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Mycoplasma hominis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus. The sensitivity and specificity of the molecular analysis vs the classic diagnostic techniques were compared in the 65 patients assessed by all 3 recognized classic methods.\n\nRESULTS: The molecular method showed concordant results with histological diagnosis in 30 samples (14 double positive and 16 double negative) with a matching accuracy of 46.15%. Concordance of molecular and hysteroscopic diagnosis was observed in 38 samples (37 double positive and 1 double negative), with an accuracy of 58.46%. When the molecular method was compared to microbial culture, concordance was present in 37 samples (22 double positive and 15 double negative), a matching rate of 56.92%. When cases of potential contamination and/or noncultivable bacteria were considered, the accuracy increased to 66.15%. Of these 65 patients, only 27 patients had consistent histological + hysteroscopic diagnosis, revealing 58.64% of nonconcordant results. Only 13 of 65 patients (20%) had consistent histology + hysteroscopy + microbial culture results. In these cases, the molecular microbiology matched in 10 cases showing a diagnostic accuracy of 76.92%. Interestingly, the molecular microbiology confirmed over half of the isolated pathogens and provided additional detection of nonculturable microorganisms. These results were confirmed by the microbiome assessed by next-generation sequencing. In the endometrial samples with concordant histology + hysteroscopy + microbial culture results, the molecular microbiology diagnosis demonstrates 75% sensitivity, 100% specificity, 100% positive and 25% negative predictive values, and 0% false-positive and 25% false-negative rates.\n\nCONCLUSION: The molecular microbiology method describe herein is a fast and inexpensive diagnostic tool that allows for the identification of culturable and nonculturable endometrial pathogens associated with chronic endometritis. The results obtained were similar to all 3 classic diagnostic methods together with a degree of concordance of 76.92% providing an opportunity to improve the clinical management of infertile patients with a risk of experiencing this ghost endometrial pathology.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"218","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"602.e1-602.e16","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2018.02.012","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51738342"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ajog.2018.02.012"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29477653"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q51738342"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-in-the-us-2015-national-summary-results-rec4cjnil4xxjtrjp/","name":"Assisted Reproductive Technology Surveillance - United States, 2015","headline":"Assisted Reproductive Technology Surveillance - United States, 2015","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-in-the-us-2015-national-summary-results-rec4cjnil4xxjtrjp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"CDC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Saswati Sunderam","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dmitry M. Kissin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6483-0474","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sara Crawford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9579-7512","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Suzanne G. Folger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sheree L. Boulet","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7638-7374","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lee Warner","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wanda D. Barfield","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5875-0475","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}}],"datePublished":"2018-02-16","abstract":"Problem/condition: Since the first U.S. infant conceived with assisted reproductive technology (ART) was born in 1981, both the use of ART and the number of fertility clinics providing ART services have increased steadily in the United States. ART includes fertility treatments in which eggs or embryos are handled in the laboratory (i.e., in vitro fertilization [IVF] and related procedures). Although the majority of infants conceived through ART are singletons, women who undergo ART procedures are more likely than women who conceive naturally to deliver multiple-birth infants. Multiple births pose substantial risks for both mothers and infants, including obstetric complications, preterm delivery (<37 weeks), and low birthweight (<2,500 g) infants. This report provides state-specific information for the United States (including the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico) on ART procedures performed in 2015 and compares birth outcomes that occurred in 2015 (resulting from ART procedures performed in 2014 and 2015) with outcomes for all infants born in the United States in 2015. Period Covered: 2015. Description of System: In 1995, CDC began collecting data on ART procedures performed in fertility clinics in the United States as mandated by the Fertility Clinic Success Rate and Certification Act of 1992 (FCSRCA) (Public Law 102-493 [October 24, 1992]). Data are collected through the National ART Surveillance System, a web-based data collection system developed by CDC. This report includes data from 52 reporting areas (the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico).\nResults: In 2015, a total of 182,111 ART procedures (range: 135 in Alaska to 23,198 in California) with the intent to transfer at least one embryo were performed in 464 U.S. fertility clinics and reported to CDC. These procedures resulted in 59,334 live-birth deliveries (range: 55 in Wyoming to 7,802 in California) and 71,152 infants born (range: 68 in Wyoming to 9,176 in California). Nationally, the number of ART procedures performed per 1 million women of reproductive age (15-44 years), a proxy measure of the ART utilization rate, was 2,832. ART use exceeded the national rate in 13 reporting areas (California, Connecticut, Delaware, the District of Columbia, Hawaii, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Rhode Island, and Virginia). Nationally, among ART transfer procedures in patients using fresh embryos from their own eggs, the average number of embryos transferred increased with increasing age of the woman (1.6 among women aged <35 years, 1.8 among women aged 35-37 years, and 2.3 among women aged >37 years). Among women aged <35 years, the national elective single-embryo transfer (eSET) rate was 34.7% (range: 11.3% in Puerto Rico to 88.1% in Delaware). In 2015, ART contributed to 1.7% of all infants born in the United States (range: 0.3% in Puerto Rico to 4.5% in Massachusetts). ART also contributed to 17.0% of all multiple-birth infants, 16.8% of all twin infants, and 22.2% of all triplets and higher-order infants. The percentage of multiple-birth infants was higher among infants conceived with ART (35.3%) than among all infants born in the total birth population (3.4%). Approximately 34.0% of ART-conceived infants were twins and 1.0% were triplets and higher-order infants. Nationally, infants conceived with ART contributed to 5.1% of all low birthweight infants. Among ART-conceived infants, 25.5% had low birthweight, compared with 8.1% among all infants. ART-conceived infants contributed to 5.3% of all preterm (gestational age <37 weeks) infants. The percentage of preterm births was higher among infants conceived with ART (31.2%) than among all infants born in the total birth population (9.7%). Among singletons, the percentage of ART-conceived infants who had low birthweight was 8.7% compared with 6.4% among all infants born. The percentage of ART-conceived infants who were born preterm was 13.4% among singletons compared with 7.9% among all infants.\n\nInterpretation: Multiple births from ART contributed to a substantial proportion of all twins, triplets, and higher-order infants born in the United States. For women aged <35 years, who are typically considered good candidates for eSET, the national average of 1.6 embryos was transferred per ART procedure. Of the four states (Illinois, Massachusetts, New Jersey, and Rhode Island) with comprehensive mandated health insurance coverage for ART procedures (i.e., coverage for at least four cycles of IVF), three (Illinois, Massachusetts, and New Jersey) had rates of ART use exceeding 1.5 times the national rate. This type of mandated insurance coverage has been associated with greater use of ART and likely accounts for some of the difference in per capita ART use observed among states. Public Health Action: Twins account for the majority of ART-conceived multiple births. Reducing the number of embryos transferred and increasing use of eSET when clinically appropriate could help reduce multiple births and related adverse health consequences for both mothers and infants. State-based surveillance of ART might be useful for monitoring and evaluating maternal and infant health outcomes of ART in states with high ART use.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"67","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Surveillance summaries (Washington, D.C. : 2002)"}}},"pageStart":"1","pageEnd":"28","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.ss6703a1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49980922"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.15585/mmwr.ss6703a1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29447147"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q49980922"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/c-reactive-protein-in-relation-to-fecundability-and-anovulation-among-eumenorrheic-women-rec39yd5b5ras2luy/","name":"C-Reactive protein in relation to fecundability and anovulation among eumenorrheic women","headline":"C-Reactive protein in relation to fecundability and anovulation among eumenorrheic women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/c-reactive-protein-in-relation-to-fecundability-and-anovulation-among-eumenorrheic-women-rec39yd5b5ras2luy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rose G Radin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6273-274X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindsey A Sjaarda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0539-8110","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert M Silver","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5794-3152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Intermountain Healthcare","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mvr1r74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carrie J Nobles","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2182-8486","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Office of Extramural Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05aq6yn88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neil J Perkins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6802-4733","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brian D. Wilcox","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Commonwealth Medical College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04bqfk210"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Z Pollack","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4313-3298","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"George Mason University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Torie Comeaux Plowden","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9086-2947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}}],"datePublished":"2018-02-01","abstract":"Objective: To assess systemic inflammation in relation to fecundability and anovulation.\nDesign: Prospective cohort study among participants in the Effects of Aspirin in Gestation and Reproduction trial who were assigned to the placebo.\nSetting: Academic medical centers. PATIENT(S): Healthy eumenorrheic women (n = 572), 18-40 years of age, with one or two pregnancy losses, attempting spontaneous pregnancy. INTERVENTION(S): Baseline serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) values <10 mg/L were categorized into tertiles. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Discrete Cox proportional hazards models estimated the fecundability odds ratio (FOR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) and adjusted for potential confounders. Log-binomial regression estimated the risk ratio (RR) and 95% CI of anovulation. The algorithm to define anovulation used data on urinary concentrations of hCG, pregnanediol-3-glucuronide, and LH as well as fertility monitor readings. RESULT(S): Higher hsCRP was associated with reduced fecundability but not with an increased risk of anovulation. CONCLUSION(S): Among healthy women attempting pregnancy after one or two pregnancy losses, we found preliminary evidence that systemic inflammation is associated with reduced fecundability, but not independently from adiposity. Sporadic anovulation did not appear to drive this association. Clinical\n\nTrial Registration Number: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00467363.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"109","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"232-239.e1","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.10.025","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47216372"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.10.025"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29317123"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47216372"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-contraception-and-breast-cancer-risk-reczxdspqdbv9iah9/","name":"Hormonal Contraception and Breast Cancer Risk","headline":"Hormonal Contraception and Breast Cancer Risk","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-contraception-and-breast-cancer-risk-reczxdspqdbv9iah9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Nicole D White","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9507-0439","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Creighton University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05wf30g94"}}],"datePublished":"2018-01-31","abstract":"Contemporary hormonal contraception formulations contain lower doses of estrogen, have new synthetic progestin components, and provide novel methods of delivery that have not been studied extensively in relation to breast cancer risk. Given that hormonal contraception is the leading method of birth control in the United States, it is important to reevaluate risk using current formulations. Recent studies including contemporary hormonal contraception formulations will be described.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American journal of lifestyle medicine"}}},"pageStart":"224","pageEnd":"226","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/1559827618754833","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57114802"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/1559827618754833"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30283254"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q57114802"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluation-of-complications-developing-during-and-after-transvaginal-ultrasound--recerw2pxcbd8elvm/","name":"Evaluation of complications developing during and after transvaginal ultrasound — guided oocyte retrieval","headline":"Evaluation of complications developing during and after transvaginal ultrasound — guided oocyte retrieval","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluation-of-complications-developing-during-and-after-transvaginal-ultrasound--recerw2pxcbd8elvm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Selin Özaltın","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7429-9437","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zübeyde Hanim Maternity Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0011v4420"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Serkan Kumbasar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4775-1592","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Taksim German Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0019g5792"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kadir Savan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zübeyde Hanim Maternity Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0011v4420"}}],"datePublished":"2018-01-31","abstract":"The most common complication during oocyte retrieval is vaginal bleeding, which is largely controlled by buffer application. In conclusion, the oocyte retrieval process can be considered a safe procedure.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"89","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Ginekologia Polska"}}},"pageStart":"1","pageEnd":"6","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.5603/gp.a2018.0001","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48501755"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.5603/gp.a2018.0001"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q48501755"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/achieving-pregnancy-using-primary-care-interventions-to-identify-the-fertile-win-recafrii5bljtlmgl/","name":"Achieving Pregnancy Using Primary Care Interventions to Identify the Fertile  Window","headline":"Achieving Pregnancy Using Primary Care Interventions to Identify the Fertile  Window","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/achieving-pregnancy-using-primary-care-interventions-to-identify-the-fertile-win-recafrii5bljtlmgl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Schneider","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8090-4971","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas P Bouchard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5774-0286","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Calgary","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39"}}],"datePublished":"2018-01-30","abstract":"Objective: To determine the effectiveness of achieving pregnancy with focused intercourse in the fertile window identified using natural fertility indicators.\n\nMethods: 24-cycle prospective effectiveness study.\nSetting: A North American web-based fertility monitoring service.\n\nParticipants: 256 North American women aged 20-43 (mean age 29.2 years) seeking to achieve pregnancy.\n\nIntervention: Participants identified their fertile window with either electronic hormonal fertility monitoring or cervical mucus monitoring, or both, and recorded their observations on an online fertility tracking system.\n\nMain Outcome Measures: Pregnancies were validated by nurses with an online self-assessed pregnancy evaluation form. Survival analysis was used to determine pregnancy rates.\n\nResults: There were 150 pregnancies among the 256 participants with an overall pregnancy rate of 78 per 100 women over 12 menstrual cycles. There were 54 pregnancies (68%) among the 80 women using the fertility monitor, 11 pregnancies (46%) among the 24 women using mucus monitoring, and 90 (63%) among the 143 women using both mucus and monitor. The 12-cycle pregnancy rates per 100 women were 83 (monitor group), 72 (mucus group), and 75 (mucus and monitor group). Pregnancy rates reached 100% at 24 cycles of use for those women using the hormonal fertility monitor.\n\nConclusion: Use of the hormonal fertility monitor alone seems to offer the best natural estimate of the fertile phase of the menstrual cycle for women wishing to achieve a pregnancy. Focusing intercourse through 24 menstrual cycles can be beneficial for achieving pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Medicine"}},"pageStart":"250","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2017.00250","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48504999"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fmed.2017.00250"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29376054"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q48504999"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-efficacy-of-24-month-metformin-for-improving-menses-hormones-and-metabolic-p-recestnxdfzdozaii/","name":"The Efficacy of 24-Month Metformin for Improving Menses, Hormones, and Metabolic Profiles in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome","headline":"The Efficacy of 24-Month Metformin for Improving Menses, Hormones, and Metabolic Profiles in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-efficacy-of-24-month-metformin-for-improving-menses-hormones-and-metabolic-p-recestnxdfzdozaii/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Po-Kai Yang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1818-5309","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Taiwan University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03nteze27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chih-Yuan Hsu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8325-2112","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica","sameAs":"https://ror.org/044gv5910"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michelle Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8145-7269","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Family Health International 360","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007kp6q87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mei-Yu Lai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2078-9973","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica","sameAs":"https://ror.org/044gv5910"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zheng-Rong Tiger Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0524-279X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica","sameAs":"https://ror.org/044gv5910"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chen Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6748-9654","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Taiwan University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05bqach95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chen CH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shee-Uan Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5608-7956","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chen SU"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hong-Nerng Ho","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7207-0089","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Taiwan University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03nteze27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Melissa J Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5428-6831","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Davis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Z Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3576-5973","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jv2qv86"}}],"datePublished":"2018-01-13","abstract":"CONTEXT: The long-term effects of metformin in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) are inadequately studied.\n\nOBJECTIVE: The effects of metformin on women with PCOS during 24 months with respect to menses, hormones, and metabolic profiles are assessed.\n\nDESIGN: Prospective cohort.\n\nSETTING: A reproductive endocrinology clinic in a university-affiliated medical center.\n\nPATIENTS: One hundred nineteen women with PCOS, defined by the Rotterdam criteria, were enrolled.\n\nINTERVENTION: Metformin was given daily for 24 months.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome was the proportion of patients with regular menstruation during treatment. Changes in anthropometric, hormonal, and metabolic parameters were also assessed. Analyses were performed using segmented regression analysis with a generalized estimating equation methodology. Outcomes are expressed as magnitude of change from the baseline.\n\nRESULTS: Both overweight (OW) and normal-weight (NW) women with PCOS had increased menstrual frequency and decreased body mass index (BMI), testosterone, and luteinizing hormone levels in the first 6 months. Further stratification showed that NW women exhibiting elevated testosterone at baseline had the largest magnitude of improvement at 6 months [odds ratio (OR), 7.21; 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.35 to 22.17], whereas OW patients with normal testosterone were most likely to achieve normal menses at 12 months (OR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.47 to 0.77).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Metformin was associated with improvements in the menstrual cycle and most hormonal profiles in OW and NW women with PCOS during 24 months of treatment. Most parameters reached maximal response and steady-state after 6 months. Phenotypic differences in baseline BMI and testosterone level can be used as patient selection criteria or treatment prognostics.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"103","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"890","pageEnd":"899","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2017-01739","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47564976"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jc.2017-01739"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29325133"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47564976"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ibuprofen-alters-human-testicular-physiology-to-produce-a-state-of-compensated-h-recuhcggpd8g5vd5o/","name":"Ibuprofen alters human testicular physiology to produce a state of compensated hypogonadism","headline":"Ibuprofen alters human testicular physiology to produce a state of compensated hypogonadism","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ibuprofen-alters-human-testicular-physiology-to-produce-a-state-of-compensated-h-recuhcggpd8g5vd5o/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kristensen DM, Desdoits-Lethimonier C, Mackey AL, Dalgaard MD, De Masi F, Munkbøl CH, Styrishave B, Antignac JP, Le Bizec B, Platel C, Hay-Schmidt A, Jensen TK, Lesné L, Mazaud-Guittot S, Kristiansen K, Brunak S, Kjaer M, Juul A, Jégou B"}],"datePublished":"2018-01-10","abstract":"Concern has been raised over increased male reproductive disorders in the Western world, and the disruption of male endocrinology has been suggested to play a central role. Several studies have shown that mild analgesics exposure during fetal life is associated with antiandrogenic effects and congenital malformations, but the effects on the adult man remain largely unknown. Through a clinical trial with young men exposed to ibuprofen, we show that the analgesic resulted in the clinical condition named \"compensated hypogonadism,\" a condition prevalent among elderly men and associated with reproductive and physical disorders. In the men, luteinizing hormone (LH) and ibuprofen plasma levels were positively correlated, and the testosterone/LH ratio decreased. Using adult testis explants exposed or not exposed to ibuprofen, we demonstrate that the endocrine capabilities from testicular Leydig and Sertoli cells, including testosterone production, were suppressed through transcriptional repression. This effect was also observed in a human steroidogenic cell line. Our data demonstrate that ibuprofen alters the endocrine system via selective transcriptional repression in the human testes, thereby inducing compensated hypogonadism.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"115","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"}}},"pageStart":"E715-E724","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1715035115","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47195338"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1073/pnas.1715035115"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29311296"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47195338"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-use-and-utility-of-lowdose-naltrexone-capsules-for-patients-with-fibromyalgi-0h0z9ze8/","name":"The Use and Utility of Low-dose Naltrexone Capsules for Patients with Fibromyalgia","headline":"The Use and Utility of Low-dose Naltrexone Capsules for Patients with Fibromyalgia","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-use-and-utility-of-lowdose-naltrexone-capsules-for-patients-with-fibromyalgi-0h0z9ze8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Cote B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ross B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fortner J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rao D"}],"datePublished":"2018-01-01","abstract":"Fibromyalgia is a syndrome associated with chronic, widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, depression, and cognitive dysfunction. With few U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved treatment options, there is evidence that low-dose naltrexone, an opioid antagonist approved for opioid and alcohol dependence at high doses, may have efficacy in the treatment of fibromyalgia and chronic pain. At the doses required for fibromyalgia treatment, naltrexone needs to be compounded, and no data currently exists regarding the long-term stability of low-dose naltrexone capsules. This limits pharmacies to a maximum beyond-use date of 180 days. Our study examined the stability of compounded capsules of low-dose naltrexone in Avicel over 360 days. Naltrexone was extracted from compounded capsules and assessed using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography validated to differentiate between the degraded and undegraded naltrexone. United States Pharmacopeia guidelines state that compounded medications must remain within 10% of the labeled potency at all times during the assigned expiration date for a preparation. Our results show that low-dose naltrexone is stable for 360 days when stored at room temperature and away from light remaining within 90% to 110% of the labeled potency throughout the study period. Based on our study results, the beyond-use date for compounded low-dose naltrexone formulations stored at room temperature and protected from light can be extended to 1 year. The longer beyond-use dating allows patients greater flexibility in using these capsules during the flare-ups associated with fibromyalgia without needing a refill immediately at the onset of symptoms. In addition, it may help compounding pharmacies reduce waste associated with small-batch preparation of these capsules.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International journal of pharmaceutical compounding"}}},"pageStart":"252","pageEnd":"256","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29878893"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/williams-obstetrics-21st-edition-recoiml0wbeswaebw/","name":"Williams Obstetrics, 21st Edition","headline":"Williams Obstetrics, 21st Edition","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/williams-obstetrics-21st-edition-recoiml0wbeswaebw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jared T. Roeckner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0770-7477"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amy B. Peebles","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Florida College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010bgev76"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F G Cunningham","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6218-1773","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05byvp690"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N F Gant","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05byvp690"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John C Hauth","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008s83205"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kenneth J Leveno","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05byvp690"}}],"datePublished":"2018-01-01","pageStart":"313","pageEnd":"316","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88971035","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q88971035"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/habitual-abortion-treated-with-17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone-caproate-recyd5qrdsa907n1h/","name":"Habitual Abortion Treated with 17 Alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone Caproate","headline":"Habitual Abortion Treated with 17 Alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone Caproate","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/habitual-abortion-treated-with-17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone-caproate-recyd5qrdsa907n1h/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Fernand D. Samson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amanda L. Merriman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6017-9952","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Danielle Tate","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tennessee Health Science Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0011qv509"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Katherine Apostolakis‐Kyrus","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/013x5cp73"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Katherine Apostolakis-Kyrus","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Luis M. Gómez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8924-6386","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inova Health System","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mrb6c22"}}],"datePublished":"2018-01-01","pageStart":"155","pageEnd":"161","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88626767","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q88626767"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-search-for-molecular-mechanisms-underlying-male-idiopathic-infertility-elxhacsu/","name":"A search for molecular mechanisms underlying male idiopathic infertility","headline":"A search for molecular mechanisms underlying male idiopathic infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-search-for-molecular-mechanisms-underlying-male-idiopathic-infertility-elxhacsu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bracke A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peeters K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Punjabi U"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hoogewijs D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dewilde S"}],"datePublished":"2018-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproductive BioMedicine Online"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbmo.2017.12.005","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.rbmo.2017.12.005"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prolactin-and-autoimmunity-gqt7odq6/","name":"Prolactin and Autoimmunity","headline":"Prolactin and Autoimmunity","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prolactin-and-autoimmunity-gqt7odq6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Borba VV"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zandman-Goddard G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shoenfeld Y"}],"datePublished":"2018-01-01","abstract":"The great asymmetry of autoimmune diseases between genders represents one of the most enigmatic observations among the mosaic of autoimmunity. Sex hormones are believed to play a crucial role on this dimorphism. The higher prevalence of autoimmunity among women at childbearing ages, disease onset/relapses during pregnancy, and post-partum are some of the arguments that support this hypothesis. Certainly, motherhood represents one of the most remarkable challenges for the immune system, which not only has to allow for the conceptus, but also has to deal with complex endocrine alterations. Hormonal homeostasis is known to exert a crucial influence in achieving a competent and healthy immune system. Prolactin (PRL) has a bioactive function acting as a hormone and a cytokine. It interferes with immune system modulation, mainly inhibiting the negative selection of autoreactive B lymphocytes. Likewise, hyperprolactinemia has been described in relation to the pathogenesis and activity of several autoimmune disorders. Dopamine is an effective inhibitor of PRL secretion due to either a direct influence on the hypophysis or stimulation of postsynaptic dopamine receptors in the hypothalamus, arousing the release of the PRL inhibitory factor. Hence, dopamine agonists have proven to offer clinical benefits among autoimmune patients and represent a promising therapy to be explored. In this review, we attempt to provide a critical overview of the link between PRL, autoimmune diseases, and motherhood.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in immunology"}},"pageStart":"73","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2018.00073","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52372437"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fimmu.2018.00073"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29483903"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q52372437"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-in-japan-a-summary-report-for-2015-by-the-ethic-mnfmlbtu/","name":"Assisted reproductive technology in Japan: a summary report for 2015 by The Ethics Committee of The Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology","headline":"Assisted reproductive technology in Japan: a summary report for 2015 by The Ethics Committee of The Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-in-japan-a-summary-report-for-2015-by-the-ethic-mnfmlbtu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Saito H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jwa SC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kuwahara A et al"}],"datePublished":"2018-01-01","abstract":"Annual summary report on assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycles performed in Japan during 2015, published by the Ethics Committee of the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology (JSOG).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reprod Med Biol"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/rmb2.12074","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48162464"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/rmb2.12074"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29371817"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q48162464"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-estrogen-on-musculoskeletal-performance-and-injury-risk-uhyu5xxc/","name":"Effect of Estrogen on Musculoskeletal Performance and Injury Risk","headline":"Effect of Estrogen on Musculoskeletal Performance and Injury Risk","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-estrogen-on-musculoskeletal-performance-and-injury-risk-uhyu5xxc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Chidi-Ogbolu N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Baar K"}],"datePublished":"2018-01-01","abstract":"Estrogen has a dramatic effect on musculoskeletal function. Beyond the known relationship between estrogen and bone, it directly affects the structure and function of other musculoskeletal tissues such as muscle, tendon, and ligament. In these other musculoskeletal tissues, estrogen improves muscle mass and strength, and increases the collagen content of connective tissues. However, unlike bone and muscle where estrogen improves function, in tendons and ligaments estrogen decreases stiffness, and this directly affects performance and injury rates. High estrogen levels can decrease power and performance and make women more prone for catastrophic ligament injury. The goal of the current work is to review the research that forms the basis of our understanding how estrogen affects muscle, tendon, and ligament and how hormonal manipulation can be used to optimize performance and promote female participation in an active lifestyle at any age.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in physiology"}},"pageStart":"1834","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.01834","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61448175"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fphys.2018.01834"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30697162"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q61448175"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2017-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2017-znhi9efd/","name":"DIR Jahrbuch 2017 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2017)","headline":"DIR Jahrbuch 2017 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2017)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2017-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2017-znhi9efd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register e.V."}],"datePublished":"2018-01-01","abstract":"Annual report (Jahrbuch) of the Deutsches IVF-Register (DIR) for treatment year 2017. DIR is the German national IVF/ICSI registry, founded 1982 — the oldest continuously operating ART registry. Voluntary professional-society database with high de-facto coverage of German fertility centres. Reports cycles, transfers, pregnancies and clinical outcomes by treatment type (IVF, ICSI, frozen embryo transfer, donor). German-language registry document. Used as a Phase B historical-archive source for the ART Registry Comparison study (cross-registry classification by reporting completeness on 7 framework dimensions).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register Jahrbuch"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gender-differences-in-the-prevalence-of-fibromyalgia-and-in-concomitant-medical--b0jdq4wj/","name":"Gender Differences in the Prevalence of Fibromyalgia and in Concomitant Medical and Psychiatric Disorders: A National Veterans Health Administration Study","headline":"Gender Differences in the Prevalence of Fibromyalgia and in Concomitant Medical and Psychiatric Disorders: A National Veterans Health Administration Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gender-differences-in-the-prevalence-of-fibromyalgia-and-in-concomitant-medical--b0jdq4wj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Arout CA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sofuoglu M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bastian LA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rosenheck RA"}],"datePublished":"2018-01-01","abstract":"Background:\nFibromyalgia is a poorly understood, chronically disabling pain syndrome. While research has focused on its clinical presentation and treatment, less is known about fibromyalgia's clinical epidemiology in real-world healthcare systems. Gender differences have been difficult to study because relatively few males are diagnosed with fibromyalgia.\n\n\nMethods:\n\nVeterans Health Administration (VHA) patients diagnosed with fibromyalgia nationwide in FY 2012 were compared to Veterans with other pain diagnoses on sociodemographic characteristics, medical and psychiatric diagnoses, health service use, and opioid and psychotropic prescription fills. Additional analyses compared characteristics of men and women diagnosed with fibromyalgia. Risk ratios and Cohen's\nd\nwere used for bivariate comparisons, followed by logistic regression analyses to identify independent factors associated with a diagnosis of fibromyalgia in the VHA.\n\n\n\nResults:\nAltogether, 77,087 of 2,216,621 Veterans with pain diagnoses (3.48%) were diagnosed with fibromyalgia. They were more likely to be female, younger than patients with other pain conditions, more likely to have multiple psychiatric comorbidities and other types of pain, and used more medical outpatient services. Women diagnosed with fibromyalgia were younger and more likely to have headaches, connective tissue diseases (CTD), and psychiatric comorbidities, while men had more comorbid medical conditions.\n\n\nConclusions:\nIn this large, predominantly older male sample of Veterans with pain diagnoses, those with fibromyalgia were far more likely to be women. Gender comparisons showed women with fibromyalgia were more likely to be diagnosed with psychiatric disorders and CTD, while males were more likely to be diagnosed with medical conditions. Fibromyalgia shows a striking, gender-dependent picture of multimorbidity, which should be considered in treatment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Women's Health"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2017.6622","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1089/jwh.2017.6622"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/roboticassisted-laparoscopic-abdominal-cerclage-placement-during-pregnancy-gwzuwsuy/","name":"Robotic-Assisted Laparoscopic Abdominal Cerclage Placement During Pregnancy","headline":"Robotic-Assisted Laparoscopic Abdominal Cerclage Placement During Pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/roboticassisted-laparoscopic-abdominal-cerclage-placement-during-pregnancy-gwzuwsuy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Gonzales SK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Adair CD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Torres C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rodriguez ED"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mohling S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3376-2629"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elkattah R","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3182-6203"},{"@type":"Person","name":"DePasquale S"}],"datePublished":"2018-01-01","abstract":"STUDY OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to report our center's series of robotic-assisted laparoscopic abdominal cerclage (RALAC) placement during pregnancy. DESIGN: Descriptive study (Canadian Task Force classification III). SETTING: Single academic institution. PATIENTS: Patients undergoing RALAC placement during pregnancy. INTERVENTIONS: Eleven patients underwent RALAC. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Nine out of 11 (81.8%) primary RALAC procedures resulted in a viable live-born neonate; 8 (72.7%) were born at >34 weeks of gestation. Three patients (27.3%) had preterm premature rupture of membranes on postoperative day one, 2 of whom subsequently underwent a dilation and curettage, and 1 patient carried the pregnancy to 29 weeks and delivered a live-born neonate. Four patients had subsequent pregnancies after placement of a RALAC in the antepartum period, all of whom carried successfully beyond 36 weeks, for a total of 16 pregnancies. Fourteen pregnancies (87.5%) resulted in a live birth, and 13 pregnancies (81.3%) were delivered beyond 34 weeks. CONCLUSION: RALAC is a minimally invasive procedure with an acceptable risk profile and comparable efficacy to traditional open abdominal cerclage. RALAC may be considered an acceptable alternative to open abdominal cerclage in pregnancy, and may be a particularly favorable option in certain settings.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of minimally invasive gynecology"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2017.12.014","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jmig.2017.12.014"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29288737"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adverse-incidents-in-fertility-clinics-lessons-to-learn-2015-recme6i7fjxjdjg9z/","name":"Adverse Incidents in Fertility Clinics: Lessons to Learn 2015","headline":"Adverse Incidents in Fertility Clinics: Lessons to Learn 2015","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adverse-incidents-in-fertility-clinics-lessons-to-learn-2015-recme6i7fjxjdjg9z/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J. O. M. van der Steen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Dundee","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h2bxq36"}}],"datePublished":"2018-01-01","pageStart":"735","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q89256232","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q89256232"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/contraceptive-method-use-in-the-united-states-trends-and-characteristics-between-mgcqj7cw/","name":"Contraceptive method use in the United States: trends and characteristics between 2008, 2012 and 2014","headline":"Contraceptive method use in the United States: trends and characteristics between 2008, 2012 and 2014","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/contraceptive-method-use-in-the-united-states-trends-and-characteristics-between-mgcqj7cw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kavanaugh ML"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerman J"}],"datePublished":"2018-01-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: The objective was to examine levels of, correlates of and changes in the use of individual and grouped methods of contraception among US females aged 15-44 from 2008 to 2014.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: Using three rounds of the National Survey of Family Growth, we analyzed samples of 12,279 (2008), 5601 (2012) and 5699 (2014) females. We conducted simple and multivariable logistic regression analyses to identify associations between demographic characteristics and contraceptive use, as well as between characteristics and changes in use patterns.\n\nRESULTS: In terms of overall trends in contraceptive use between 2008 and 2014, there was no significant change in the proportion of women who used a method among either all women (60%) or those at risk of unintended pregnancy (90%). Significant changes in use occurred among six methods. The largest increase in use was among users of long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) methods, including the intrauterine device and implant - from 6% to 14% - across almost all population groups of female contraceptive users, while the largest decrease occurred among users of sterilization - from 37% to 28% - with lower-income women driving the decline in female sterilization and higher-income women driving the decline in a partner's sterilization as a primary method. Moderate increases were seen in the use of withdrawal and natural family planning.\n\nCONCLUSION: Most shifts in recent contraceptive use have occurred among the most effective methods - sterilization and LARCs. Differences in method-specific user characteristics underscore the importance of ensuring full access to the broad range of methods available.\n\nIMPLICATIONS: The lack of change in the overall use of contraceptives among women at risk for unintended pregnancy may have implications for the extent to which further declines in national rates of unintended pregnancy can be expected.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"97","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"14","pageEnd":"21","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2017.10.003","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47439169"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.contraception.2017.10.003"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29038071"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47439169"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/national-patient-survey-2018-reckge5bgwog67y0m/","name":"National Patient Survey 2018","headline":"National Patient Survey 2018","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/national-patient-survey-2018-reckge5bgwog67y0m/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yang Yang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6246-0999","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fan Yang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6450-5444","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Anhui Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xb04968"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Li Zeng","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sichuan University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/011ashp19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhongqing Yuan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5527-2714","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"School of Smart Nursing, Sichuan Nursing Vocational College, China."}}],"datePublished":"2018-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/male-reproductive-health-statement-xiiith-international-symposium-on-spermatolog-noepobye/","name":"Male reproductive health statement (XIIIth international symposium on Spermatology, may 9th-12th 2018, Stockholm, Sweden","headline":"Male reproductive health statement (XIIIth international symposium on Spermatology, may 9th-12th 2018, Stockholm, Sweden","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/male-reproductive-health-statement-xiiith-international-symposium-on-spermatolog-noepobye/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Levine H, Mohri H, Ekbom A, Ramos L, Parker G, Roldan E, Jovine L, Koelle S, Lindstrand A, Immler S, Mortimer S, Mortimer D, van der Horst G, Ishijima S, Aneck-Hahn N, Baldi E, Menkveld R, Rothmann SA, Giwercman A, Giwercman Y, Holmberg M, Kvist U, Björndahl L, Holmberg R, Arver S, Flanagan J, Drevet JR"}],"datePublished":"2018-01-01","abstract":"On the occasion of the XIIIth International Symposium on Spermatology held from 9 to 13 May 2018 in Stockholm (Sweden), participants (guest speakers and audience) collectively felt the need to make a public statement on the general issue of male reproductive health. Our intention is to raise awareness of what we believe is a neglected area of research despite alarming situations around the world. The disclosure strategy desired by the co-authors is to bring it to the attention of the greatest number partly by considering co-publication in the various periodicals dealing with Reproductive Biology and Andrology. BaCA's editorial office accepted this mission and found it natural that our periodical, the official journal of the French Andrology Society (SALF), should carry this message.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"28","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Basic and clinical andrology"}},"pageStart":"13","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1186/s12610-018-0077-z","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58596100"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s12610-018-0077-z"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30397480"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q58596100"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-treatment-in-2014-2016-trends-and-figures-recu78qp1noykgo0n/","name":"Fertility Treatment in 2014-2016: Trends and Figures","headline":"Fertility Treatment in 2014-2016: Trends and Figures","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-treatment-in-2014-2016-trends-and-figures-recu78qp1noykgo0n/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority"}],"datePublished":"2018-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/easy-flow-no-more-pain-and-suffering-period-repair-manual-chapter-9-r7ib6dir/","name":"Easy Flow: No More Pain and Suffering (Period Repair Manual, Chapter 9)","headline":"Easy Flow: No More Pain and Suffering (Period Repair Manual, Chapter 9)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/easy-flow-no-more-pain-and-suffering-period-repair-manual-chapter-9-r7ib6dir/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lara Briden","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2018-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Greenpeak Publishing (Period Repair Manual, 2nd ed., pp. 224-259)"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cartr-plus-2018-annual-report-2017-data-canadian-assisted-reproductive-technolog-ytpxsshi/","name":"CARTR Plus 2018 Annual Report (2017 Data) - Canadian Assisted Reproductive Technologies Register Plus","headline":"CARTR Plus 2018 Annual Report (2017 Data) - Canadian Assisted Reproductive Technologies Register Plus","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cartr-plus-2018-annual-report-2017-data-canadian-assisted-reproductive-technolog-ytpxsshi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Canadian Fertility and Andrology Society; BORN Ontario"}],"datePublished":"2018-01-01","abstract":"CARTR Plus annual report. Presented at the Canadian Fertility and Andrology Society Annual Meeting in September 2017, reporting Canadian ART cycle outcomes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"CFAS / BORN Ontario"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/anxiety-depression-and-quality-of-life-in-women-with-polycystic-ovarian-syndrome-z7ku1qfy/","name":"Anxiety, Depression, and Quality of Life in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome","headline":"Anxiety, Depression, and Quality of Life in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/anxiety-depression-and-quality-of-life-in-women-with-polycystic-ovarian-syndrome-z7ku1qfy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Chaudhari AP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mazumdar K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mehta PD"}],"datePublished":"2018-01-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age. Symptoms include amenorrhea, hirsutism, infertility, obesity, acne vulgaris, and androgenic alopecia. PCOS is a stigmatizing condition that affects a woman's identity, mental health and quality of life (QOL). This aspect has not received adequate attention in India.\n\nAIMS AND OBJECTIVES: (1) To study the prevalence of anxiety and depression among women suffering from PCOS (2) To determine if symptoms of PCOS were associated with psychiatric morbidity, and (3) To determine the impact of psychiatric morbidity on the QOL.\n\nMATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy females in the reproductive age group (18-45 years) diagnosed with PCOS as per Rotterdam criteria and without any preexisting psychiatric illness were clinically interviewed for anxiety and depressive disorders which were then rated according to the Hamilton scales. QOL was assessed using the World Health Organization-QOL-BREF. Binary logistic regression was performed to study the association of the symptoms with the psychiatric morbidity. QOL scores of patients with and without psychiatric morbidity were compared using Mann-Whitney U-test.\n\nRESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of anxiety and depression in our sample was 38.6% and 25.7%, respectively. Infertility and alopecia were associated with anxiety, while acne was associated with depression. Hirsutism was associated with a lower psychological QOL. Patients with psychiatric morbidity had a significantly lower QOL than those without.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"40","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Indian journal of psychological medicine"}}},"pageStart":"239","pageEnd":"246","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.4103/IJPSYM.IJPSYM_561_17","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55067224"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4103/IJPSYM.IJPSYM_561_17"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29875531"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q55067224"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/international-committee-for-monitoring-assisted-reproductive-technology-world-re-hrhncvxa/","name":"International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technology: world report on assisted reproductive technology, 2011","headline":"International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technology: world report on assisted reproductive technology, 2011","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/international-committee-for-monitoring-assisted-reproductive-technology-world-re-hrhncvxa/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"G David Adamson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5387-7629","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Endometriosis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01q5m4507"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacques de Mouzon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9465-3488","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chambers GM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fernando Zegers-Hochschild","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6234-6179","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Clínica Las Condes","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j5bwe91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Mansour","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0758-3387","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Egyptian IVF-ET Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035aahr55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ishihara O"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Banker M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Silke Dyer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6196-8187","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Groote Schuur Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00c879s84"}}],"datePublished":"2018 Nov","abstract":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.06.039. International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technology: world report on assisted reproductive technology, 2011. Adamson GD(1), de Mouzon J(2), Chambers GM(3), Zegers-Hochschild F(4), Mansour R(5), Ishihara O(6), Banker M(7), Dyer S(8). (1)International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technologies, Cupertino, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, and University of California School of Medicine, San Francisco, California. Electronic address: gdadamson@arcfertility.com. (2)Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Service de Gynécologie Obstétrique II et de Médecine de la Reproduction, Groupe Hospitalier Cochin-Saint Vincet de Paul, Paris, France. (3)National Perinatal Epidemiology and Statistics Unit, Centre for Big Data Research in Health, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. (4)Clinica las Condes and Program of Ethics and Public Policies in Human Reproduction, University Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile. (5)Egyptian IVF-ET Center, Cairo, Egypt. (6)Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Saitama Medical University, Moroyama, Japan. (7)Nova IVI Fertility, Ahmedabad Gujarat, India. (8)Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology Groote Schuur Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. Comment in Fertil Steril. 2018 Nov;110(6):1032-1033. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.07.011. OBJECTIVE: To report the utilization, effectiveness, and safety of practices in assisted reproductive technology (ART) globally in 2011 and assess global trends over time. DESIGN: Retrospective, cross-sectional survey on the utilization, effectiveness, and safety of ART procedures performed globally during 2011. SETTING: Sixty-five countries and 2,560 ART clinics. PATIENT(S): Women and men undergoing ART procedures. INTERVENTION(S): All ART. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The ART cycles and outcomes on country-by-country, regional, and global levels. Aggregate country data were processed and analyzed based on methods developed by the International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technology (ICMART). RESULT(S): A total of 1,115,272 ART cycles were reported for the treatment year 2011. Imputing data for nonreporting clinics, 1,643,912 cycles resulted in >394,662 babies, excluding People's Republic of China. The best estimate of global utilization including People's Republic of China is approximately 2.0 million cycles and 0.5 million babies. From 2010 to 2011, the number of reported aspiration and frozen ET cycles increased 13.1% and 13.8%, respectively. The proportion of women aged ≥40 years undergoing nondonor ART increased from 23.2% in 2010 to 24.0% in 2011. As a percentage of nondonor aspiration cycles, intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) decreased slightly from 67.4% in 2010 to 66.5% in 2011. The IVF/ICSI combined delivery rates per fresh aspiration and frozen ET cycles were 19.8% and 21.4%, respectively. In fresh nondonor cycles, single ET increased from 30.0% in 2010 to 31.4% in 2011, whereas the average number of transferred embryos decreased from 1.95 in 2010 to 1.91 in 2011-again with wide country variation. The rates of twin deliveries after fresh nondonor transfers decreased from 20.4% in 2010 to 19.6% in 2011; the triplet rate decreased from 1.1%-0.9%. In frozen ET cycles performed in 2011, single ET was 51.6%, with an average of 1.59 embryos transferred and twin and triplet rates were 11.1% and 0.4%, respectively. The cumulative delivery rate per aspiration increased from 27.1% in 2010 to 28.0% in 2011. Fresh IVF/ICSI carried a perinatal mortality rate per 1,000 births of 21.0 in 2010 and 16.3 in 2011. This compared with a perinatal mortality rate after frozen ET of 14.6 per 1,000 births in 2010 and 8.6 in 2011. The data presented depend on the quality and completeness of data submitted by individual countries. This report covers approximately two-thirds of'world ART activity. CONCLUSION(S): Global ART utilization, effectiveness, and safety increased between 2010 and 2011. Copyright © 2018 American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.06.039","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58553000"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.06.039"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30396551"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q58553000"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/higher-tsh-levels-within-the-normal-range-are-associated-with-unexplained-infert-recfswcfajl43swbh/","name":"Higher TSH Levels Within the Normal Range Are Associated With Unexplained Infertility","headline":"Higher TSH Levels Within the Normal Range Are Associated With Unexplained Infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/higher-tsh-levels-within-the-normal-range-are-associated-with-unexplained-infert-recfswcfajl43swbh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Orouji Jokar T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindsay T Fourman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8148-7858","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hang Lee","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4974-1446","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pouneh K Fazeli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1731-2927","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Katherine Mentzinger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tahereh Orouji Jokar","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}}],"datePublished":"2017-12-23","abstract":"CONTEXT: Unexplained infertility (UI), defined as the inability to conceive after 12 months of unprotected intercourse with no diagnosed cause, affects 10% to 30% of infertile couples. An improved understanding of the mechanisms underlying UI could lead to less invasive and less costly treatment strategies. Abnormalities in thyroid function and hyperprolactinemia are well-known causes of infertility, but whether thyrotropin (TSH) and prolactin levels within the normal range are associated with UI is unknown.\n\nOBJECTIVE: To compare TSH and prolactin levels in women with UI and women with a normal fertility evaluation except for an azoospermic or severely oligospermic male partner.\n\nDESIGN, SETTING, AND\n\nPARTICIPANTS: Cross-sectional study including women evaluated at a large academic health system between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2012 with normal TSH (levels within the normal range of the assay and ≤5 mIU/L) and normal prolactin levels (≤20 ng/mL) and either UI (n = 187) or no other cause of infertility other than an azoospermic or severely oligospermic partner (n = 52).\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: TSH and prolactin.\n\nRESULTS: Women with UI had significantly higher TSH levels than controls [UI: TSH 1.95 mIU/L, interquartile range: (1.54, 2.61); severe male factor: TSH 1.66 mIU/L, interquartile range: (1.25, 2.17); P = 0.003]. This finding remained significant after we controlled for age, body mass index, and smoking status. Nearly twice as many women with UI (26.9%) had a TSH ≥2.5 mIU/L compared with controls (13.5%; P < 0.05). Prolactin levels did not differ between the groups.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Women with UI have higher TSH levels compared with a control population. More studies are necessary to determine whether treatment of high-normal TSH levels decreases time to conception in couples with UI.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"103","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"632","pageEnd":"639","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2017-02120","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49617213"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jc.2017-02120"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29272395"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q49617213"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulation-a-sign-of-health-recyzmmaftycwbvea/","name":"Ovulation, a sign of health","headline":"Ovulation, a sign of health","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulation-a-sign-of-health-recyzmmaftycwbvea/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carolina Lyon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4367-5636","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Felipe Serrano","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1362-8561","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Biomedical Division, Reproductive Health Research Institute (RHRI), Santiago, Chile"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Betsi Flores","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8881-023X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Biomedical Division, Reproductive Health Research Institute (RHRI), Santiago, Chile"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hernán Rioseco","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1175-1718","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}}],"datePublished":"2017-12-20","abstract":"The concept of the ovarian continuum can be understood as a process that occurs during a woman's lifetime and begins during intrauterine life with fertilization. Women start their reproductive years with approximately five hundred thousand follicles containing oocytes, of which only around five hundred will be released during ovulation. Ovulation has been recognized as an event linked with reproduction; however, recent evidence supports the role of ovulation as a sign of health. The use of biomarkers that help women recognize ovulation enables them to identify their health status. This knowledge helps medical healthcare providers in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of different pathologies related with endocrine disorders, gynecological abnormalities, autoimmune, genetic, and neoplastic diseases, as well as pregnancy-related issues. The knowledge of the ovarian continuum and the use of biomarkers to recognize ovulation should be considered a powerful tool for women and medical professionals.\nSummary: The ovarian continuum is a process that occurs during a woman's lifetime. It begins during intrauterine life with fertilization and ends with menopause. This process can be greatly affected by different conditions such as changes in hormonal levels and illnesses. Therefore, understanding and promoting the knowledge and use of biomarkers of ovulation in women is a key aspect to consider when evaluating their health status. The knowledge and education about the ovarian continuum should be taken into account as a powerful tool for women and medical professionals.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"84","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"343","pageEnd":"355","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/00243639.2017.1394053","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48097147"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/00243639.2017.1394053"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29255329"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q48097147"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/contemporary-hormonal-contraception-and-the-risk-of-breast-cancer-rectbt3yssleyoirv/","name":"Contemporary Hormonal Contraception and the Risk of Breast Cancer","headline":"Contemporary Hormonal Contraception and the Risk of Breast Cancer","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/contemporary-hormonal-contraception-and-the-risk-of-breast-cancer-rectbt3yssleyoirv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lina Steinrud Mørch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6506-2569","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Danish Cancer Society","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ytt7k16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Charlotte Wessel Skovlund","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6234-359X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Danish Cancer Society","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ytt7k16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Philip C Hannaford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2588-1006","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Forest Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03wcc3744"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa Iversen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0424-7740","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Aberdeen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016476m91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shona Fielding","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5363-8188","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035b05819"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Øjvind Lidegaard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9157-4004","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rigshospitalet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mchdq19"}}],"datePublished":"2017-12-07","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Little is known about whether contemporary hormonal contraception is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer.\n\nMETHODS: We assessed associations between the use of hormonal contraception and the risk of invasive breast cancer in a nationwide prospective cohort study involving all women in Denmark between 15 and 49 years of age who had not had cancer or venous thromboembolism and who had not received treatment for infertility. Nationwide registries provided individually updated information about the use of hormonal contraception, breast-cancer diagnoses, and potential confounders.\n\nRESULTS: Among 1.8 million women who were followed on average for 10.9 years (a total of 19.6 million person-years), 11,517 cases of breast cancer occurred. As compared with women who had never used hormonal contraception, the relative risk of breast cancer among all current and recent users of hormonal contraception was 1.20 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.14 to 1.26). This risk increased from 1.09 (95% CI, 0.96 to 1.23) with less than 1 year of use to 1.38 (95% CI, 1.26 to 1.51) with more than 10 years of use (P=0.002). After discontinuation of hormonal contraception, the risk of breast cancer was still higher among the women who had used hormonal contraceptives for 5 years or more than among women who had not used hormonal contraceptives. Risk estimates associated with current or recent use of various oral combination (estrogen-progestin) contraceptives varied between 1.0 and 1.6. Women who currently or recently used the progestin-only intrauterine system also had a higher risk of breast cancer than women who had never used hormonal contraceptives (relative risk, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.11 to 1.33). The overall absolute increase in breast cancers diagnosed among current and recent users of any hormonal contraceptive was 13 (95% CI, 10 to 16) per 100,000 person-years, or approximately 1 extra breast cancer for every 7690 women using hormonal contraception for 1 year.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: The risk of breast cancer was higher among women who currently or recently used contemporary hormonal contraceptives than among women who had never used hormonal contraceptives, and this risk increased with longer durations of use; however, absolute increases in risk were small. (Funded by the Novo Nordisk Foundation.).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"377","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"23","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"2228","pageEnd":"2239","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1700732","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47277235"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJMoa1700732"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29211679"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47277235"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/informing-women-with-endometriosis-about-ovarian-cancer-risk-9qbwfah8/","name":"Informing women with endometriosis about ovarian cancer risk","headline":"Informing women with endometriosis about ovarian cancer risk","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/informing-women-with-endometriosis-about-ovarian-cancer-risk-9qbwfah8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marina Kvaskoff","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4557-3772","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrew Horne","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9656-493X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"John Radcliffe Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0080acb59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stacey A Missmer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1768-7705","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Michigan State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993"}}],"datePublished":"2017-12-02","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"390","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10111","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Lancet (London, England)"}}},"pageStart":"2433","pageEnd":"2434","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)33049-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50060337"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/S0140-6736(17)33049-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29208299"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50060337"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/interpregnancy-interval-after-pregnancy-loss-and-risk-of-repeat-miscarriage-3hxoxjni/","name":"Interpregnancy Interval After Pregnancy Loss and Risk of Repeat Miscarriage","headline":"Interpregnancy Interval After Pregnancy Loss and Risk of Repeat Miscarriage","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/interpregnancy-interval-after-pregnancy-loss-and-risk-of-repeat-miscarriage-3hxoxjni/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sundermann AC","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6790-5539"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hartmann KE","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7051-8185"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jones SH","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2588-7264"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Torstenson ES","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8434-7647"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Velez Edwards DR"}],"datePublished":"2017-12-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To assess whether interpregnancy interval length after a pregnancy loss is associated with risk of repeat miscarriage.\n\nMETHODS: This analysis includes pregnant women participating in the Right From the Start (2000-2012) community-based prospective cohort study whose most recent pregnancy before enrollment ended in miscarriage. Interpregnancy interval was defined as the time between a prior miscarriage and the last menstrual period of the study pregnancy. Miscarriage was defined as pregnancy loss before 20 weeks of gestation. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate crude and adjusted hazard ratios and 95% CIs for the association between different interpregnancy interval lengths and miscarriage in the study pregnancy. Adjusted models included maternal age, race, parity, body mass index, and education.\n\nRESULTS: Among the 514 study participants who reported miscarriage as their most recent pregnancy outcome, 15.7% had a repeat miscarriage in the study pregnancy (n=81). Median maternal age was 30 years (interquartile range 27-34) and 55.6% of participants had at least one previous livebirth (n=286). When compared with women with interpregnancy intervals of 6-18 months (n=136), women with intervals of less than 3 months (n=124) had the lowest risk of repeat miscarriage (7.3% compared with 22.1%; adjusted hazard ratio 0.33, 95% CI 0.16-0.71). Neither maternal race nor parity modified the association. Attempting to conceive immediately was not associated with increased risk of miscarriage in the next pregnancy.\n\nCONCLUSION: An interpregnancy interval after pregnancy loss of less than 3 months is associated with the lowest risk of subsequent miscarriage. This implies counseling women to delay conception to reduce risk of miscarriage may not be warranted.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"130","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1312","pageEnd":"1318","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0000000000002318","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50121449"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/AOG.0000000000002318"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29112656"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50121449"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/perinatal-outcomes-after-natural-conception-versus-in-vitro-fertilization-ivf-in-4dlm8vak/","name":"Perinatal outcomes after natural conception versus in vitro fertilization (IVF) in gestational surrogates: a model to evaluate IVF treatment versus maternal effects","headline":"Perinatal outcomes after natural conception versus in vitro fertilization (IVF) in gestational surrogates: a model to evaluate IVF treatment versus maternal effects","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/perinatal-outcomes-after-natural-conception-versus-in-vitro-fertilization-ivf-in-4dlm8vak/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Woo I"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hindoyan R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Landay M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Julie Ho","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ingles SA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"McGinnis LK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Paulson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Children's Hospital of Los Angeles","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00412ts95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chung K"}],"datePublished":"2017-12-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To study the perinatal outcomes between singleton live births achieved with the use of commissioned versus spontaneously conceived embryos carried by the same gestational surrogate.\n\nDESIGN: Retrospective cohort study.\n\nSETTING: Academic in vitro fertilization center.\n\nPATIENT(S): Gestational surrogate.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): None.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Pregnancy outcome, gestational age at birth, birth weight, perinatal complications.\n\nRESULT(S): We identified 124 gestational surrogates who achieved a total of 494 pregnancies. Pregnancy outcomes for surrogate and spontaneous pregnancies were significantly different (P<.001), with surrogate pregnancies more likely to result in twin pregnancies: 33% vs. 1%. Miscarriage and ectopic rates were similar. Of these pregnancies, there were 352 singleton live births: 103 achieved from commissioned embryos and 249 conceived spontaneously. Surrogate births had lower mean gestational age at delivery (38.8 ± 2.1 vs. 39.7 ± 1.4), higher rates of preterm birth (10.7% vs. 3.1%), and higher rates of low birth weight (7.8% vs. 2.4%). Neonates from surrogacy had birth weights that were, on average, 105 g lower. Surrogate births had significantly higher obstetrical complications, including gestational diabetes, hypertension, use of amniocentesis, placenta previa, antibiotic requirement during labor, and cesarean section.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Neonates born from commissioned embryos and carried by gestational surrogates have increased adverse perinatal outcomes, including preterm birth, low birth weight, hypertension, maternal gestational diabetes, and placenta previa, compared with singletons conceived spontaneously and carried by the same woman. Our data suggest that assisted reproductive procedures may potentially affect embryo quality and that its negative impact can not be overcome even with a proven healthy uterine environment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"108","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"993","pageEnd":"998","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.09.014","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46923764"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.09.014"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29202976"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46923764"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-of-exenatide-on-weight-loss-metabolic-parameters-and-pregnancy-in-overw-hfscgcnx/","name":"Efficacy of exenatide on weight loss, metabolic parameters and pregnancy in overweight/obese polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"Efficacy of exenatide on weight loss, metabolic parameters and pregnancy in overweight/obese polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-of-exenatide-on-weight-loss-metabolic-parameters-and-pregnancy-in-overw-hfscgcnx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiyao Liu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2556-6556","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/033vnzz93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yue Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4745-8038","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zheng SY"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ro‐Ting Lin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2687-203X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"China Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00v408z34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xie YJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hou-yang Chen"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zheng YX"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Liu E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lihui Chen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04kx2sy84"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yan JH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wanqing Xu","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tufts University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05wvpxv85"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mai TT"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gong Y"}],"datePublished":"2017-12-01","abstract":"CONTEXT: Weight loss remains one of the most important arms in obese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Further studies are needed to identify the best treatment.\n\nOBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of exenatide (EXE) on reproductive and metabolic function in overweight/obese (OW/OB) PCOS.\n\nDESIGN: This is a 24-week open-label prospective, randomized, clinical study.\n\nPATIENTS AND MEASUREMENTS: This study randomized 176 OW/OB women diagnosed with PCOS to receive either EXE 10 μg BID (n = 88) or metformin (MET) 1000 mg BID (n = 88) for the first 12 weeks. Then all patients were treated with MET alone during the second 12 weeks. We observed metabolic parameters at 0 and 12 weeks, and then tracked the rate of pregnancy during the second 12 weeks.\n\nRESULTS: After the first 12 weeks of intervention, compared with MET, subjects who received EXE had significantly decreased weight (4.29 ± 1.29 kg vs 2.28 ± 0.55 kg, P < .001) and total fat% (4.67 ± 0.09% vs 1.11 ± 0.32%, P < .001), improved the homeostasis model of assessment for insulin resistance (1.30 ± 0.58 vs 0.59 ± 0.12, P < .001) and increased the menstrual frequency ratio (0.62 ± 0.12 vs 0.37 ± 0.01, P < .001). During the second 12 weeks, the rate of natural pregnancy of EXE-treated patients was significantly higher than MET-treated patients (43.60% vs 18.70%, P < .05).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Short-term EXE therapy was linked to significant weight loss and central adiposity reduction, which may further explain the improvements in insulin resistance, inflammatory marker and menstrual cycle, which may contribute to increasing pregnancy rates in OW/OB women with PCOS.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"87","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"767","pageEnd":"774","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/cen.13454","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47192457"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/cen.13454"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28834553"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47192457"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vitex-agnus-castus-for-premenstrual-syndrome-and-premenstrual-dysphoric-disorder-hjic7p9k/","name":"Vitex agnus castus for premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder: a systematic review","headline":"Vitex agnus castus for premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder: a systematic review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vitex-agnus-castus-for-premenstrual-syndrome-and-premenstrual-dysphoric-disorder-hjic7p9k/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Cerqueira RO","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9219-2534"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Frey BN","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8267-943X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leclerc E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brietzke E","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2697-1342"}],"datePublished":"2017-12-01","abstract":"The objective of this study was to evaluate whether Vitex agnus castus is a safe and effective treatment for PMS and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) and to discuss the implications of these findings for clinical practice. A systematic review of literature was conducted using PubMed and Scielo databases. The inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials (RCT) using V. agnus castus in individuals with PMS or PMDD that compared this intervention with placebo or an active comparator and included a description of blinding and dropouts/withdrawals. The search was conducted by two independent investigators who reached consensus on the included trials. A total of eight RCTs were included in this study. Most studies focused on PMS, and the diagnostic criteria of PMS and PMDD changed over the years. Three different preparations of V. agnus castus (VAC) were tested, and there was significant variability in the measurement of treatment outcomes between the studies. Nevertheless, all eight studies were positive for VAC in the treatment of PMS or PMDD and VAC was overall well tolerated. Main limitations were differences in definition of diagnostic criteria, the instruments used as main outcome measures, and different preparations of VAC extracts limit the comparison of results between studies. In conclusion, the RCTs using VAC for treatment of PMS/PMDD suggested that the VAC extract is a safe and efficacious alternative to be considered for the treatment of PMS/PMDD symptoms.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"20","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Archives of women's mental health"}}},"pageStart":"713","pageEnd":"719","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-017-0791-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50074034"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00737-017-0791-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29063202"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50074034"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relationship-between-the-menstrual-cycle-and-timing-of-ovulation-revealed-by-new-recgvyyj9z4g1suix/","name":"Relationship Between the Menstrual Cycle and Timing of Ovulation Revealed by New  Protocols: Analysis of Data from a Self-Tracking Health App","headline":"Relationship Between the Menstrual Cycle and Timing of Ovulation Revealed by New  Protocols: Analysis of Data from a Self-Tracking Health App","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relationship-between-the-menstrual-cycle-and-timing-of-ovulation-revealed-by-new-recgvyyj9z4g1suix/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ichiro Igari","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0145-2706","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ryukoku University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012tqgb57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Satoshi Sohda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6387-0439","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tsukuba","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02956yf07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kenta Suzuki","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0639-2303","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ryukoku University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012tqgb57"}}],"datePublished":"2017-11-29","abstract":"Background: There are many mobile phone apps aimed at helping women map their ovulation and menstrual cycles and facilitating successful conception (or avoiding pregnancy). These apps usually ask users to input various biological features and have accumulated the menstrual cycle data of a vast number of women.\n\nObjective: The purpose of our study was to clarify how the data obtained from a self-tracking health app for female mobile phone users can be used to improve the accuracy of prediction of the date of next ovulation.\n\nMethods: Using the data of 7043 women who had reliable menstrual and ovulation records out of 8,000,000 users of a mobile phone app of a health care service, we analyzed the relationship between the menstrual cycle length, follicular phase length, and luteal phase length. Then we fitted a linear function to the relationship between the length of the menstrual cycle and timing of ovulation and compared it with the existing calendar-based methods.\n\nResults: The correlation between the length of the menstrual cycle and the length of the follicular phase was stronger than the correlation between the length of the menstrual cycle and the length of the luteal phase, and there was a positive correlation between the lengths of past and future menstrual cycles. A strong positive correlation was also found between the mean length of past cycles and the length of the follicular phase. The correlation between the mean cycle length and the luteal phase length was also statistically significant. In most of the subjects, our method (ie, the calendar-based method based on the optimized function) outperformed the Ogino method of predicting the next ovulation date. Our method also outperformed the ovulation date prediction method that assumes the middle day of a mean menstrual cycle as the date of the next ovulation.\n\nConclusions: The large number of subjects allowed us to capture the relationships between the lengths of the menstrual cycle, follicular phase, and luteal phase in more detail than previous studies. We then demonstrated how the present calendar methods could be improved by the better grouping of women. This study suggested that even without integrating various biological metrics, the dataset collected by a self-tracking app can be used to develop formulas that predict the ovulation day when the data are aggregated. Because the method that we developed requires data only on the first day of menstruation, it would be the best option for couples during the early stages of their attempt to have a baby or for those who want to avoid the cost associated with other methods. Moreover, the result will be the baseline for more advanced methods that integrate other biological metrics.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Medical Internet Research"}}},"pageStart":"e391","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.7468","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46253332"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2196/jmir.7468"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29180346"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46253332"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/modern-fertility-awareness-methods-wrist-wearables-capture-the-changes-in-temper-rec8rsfjsqzlde1of/","name":"Modern fertility awareness methods: wrist wearables capture the changes in  temperature associated with the menstrual cycle","headline":"Modern fertility awareness methods: wrist wearables capture the changes in  temperature associated with the menstrual cycle","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/modern-fertility-awareness-methods-wrist-wearables-capture-the-changes-in-temper-rec8rsfjsqzlde1of/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mohaned Shilaih","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5584-5575","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ava AG, Zurich, Switzerland.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01462r250"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brianna Mae Goodale","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6450-123X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ava AG, Zurich, Switzerland."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa Falco","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2659-4068","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ava AG, Zurich, Switzerland."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brigitte Leeners","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6137-7499","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital of Zurich","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01462r250"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Valérie de Clerck","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ava AG, Zurich, Switzerland."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Florian Kübler","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ava AG, Zurich, Switzerland."}}],"datePublished":"2017-11-28","abstract":"Core and peripheral body temperatures are affected by changes in reproductive hormones during the menstrual cycle. Women worldwide use the basal body temperature (BBT) method to aid and prevent conception. However, prior research suggests that taking one's daily temperature can prove inconvenient and subject to environmental factors. We investigate whether a more automatic, non-invasive temperature measurement system can detect changes in temperature across the menstrual cycle. We examined how wrist skin temperature (WST), measured with wearable sensors, correlates with urinary tests of ovulation and may serve as a new method of fertility tracking. One hundred and thirty-six eumenorrheic, non-pregnant women participated in an observational study. Participants wore WST biosensors during sleep and reported their daily activities. An at-home luteinizing hormone (LH) test was used to confirm ovulation. WST was recorded across 437 cycles (mean cycles/participant = 3.21, S.D. = 2.25). We tested the relationship between the fertile window and WST temperature shifts, using the BBT three-over-six rule. A sustained 3-day temperature shift was observed in 357/437 cycles (82%), with the lowest cycle temperature occurring in the fertile window 41% of the time. Most temporal shifts (307/357, 86%) occurred on ovulation day (OV) or later. The average early-luteal phase temperature was 0.33°C higher than in the fertile window. Menstrual cycle changes in WST were impervious to lifestyle factors, like having sex, alcohol, or eating prior to bed, that, in prior work, have been shown to obfuscate BBT readings. Although currently costlier than BBT, the present study suggests that WST could be a promising, convenient parameter for future multiparameter fertility awareness methods.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"38","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Bioscience Reports"}}},"pageStart":"BSR20171279","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1042/BSR20171279","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47659813"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1042/BSR20171279"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29175999"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47659813"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/immune-system-an-emerging-player-in-mediating-effects-of-endocrine-disruptors-on-reczdnphx53mfybbf/","name":"Immune System: An Emerging Player in Mediating Effects of Endocrine Disruptors on  Metabolic Health","headline":"Immune System: An Emerging Player in Mediating Effects of Endocrine Disruptors on  Metabolic Health","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/immune-system-an-emerging-player-in-mediating-effects-of-endocrine-disruptors-on-reczdnphx53mfybbf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Amita Bansal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8716-9922","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Children's Hospital of Philadelphia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01z7r7q48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jorge Henao‐Mejia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2044-1105","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Children's Hospital of Philadelphia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01z7r7q48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rebecca A. Simmons","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2901-8904","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pennsylvania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jorge Henao-Mejia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1141-7683","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rebecca G Simmons","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3516-4585","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2017-11-18","abstract":"The incidence of metabolic disorders like type 2 diabetes and obesity continues to increase. In addition to the well-known contributors to these disorders, such as food intake and sedentary lifestyle, recent research in the exposure science discipline provides evidence that exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals like bisphenol A and phthalates via multiple routes (e.g., food, drink, skin contact) also contribute to the increased risk of metabolic disorders. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can disrupt any aspect of hormone action. It is becoming increasingly clear that EDCs not only affect endocrine function but also adversely affect immune system function. In this review, we focus on human, animal, and in vitro studies that demonstrate EDC exposure induces dysfunction of the immune system, which, in turn, has detrimental effects on metabolic health. These findings highlight how the immune system is emerging as a novel player by which EDCs may mediate their effects on metabolic health. We also discuss studies highlighting mechanisms by which EDCs affect the immune system. Finally, we consider that a better understanding of the immunomodulatory roles of EDCs will provide clues to enhance metabolic function and contribute toward the long-term goal of reducing the burden of environmentally induced diabetes and obesity.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"159","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"32","pageEnd":"45","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2017-00882","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49960343"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/en.2017-00882"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29145569"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q49960343"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-hormonal-contraception-with-suicide-attempts-and-suicides-recfjadqs7perg23h/","name":"Association of Hormonal Contraception With Suicide Attempts and Suicides","headline":"Association of Hormonal Contraception With Suicide Attempts and Suicides","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-hormonal-contraception-with-suicide-attempts-and-suicides-recfjadqs7perg23h/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Charlotte Wessel Skovlund","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6234-359X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Danish Cancer Society","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ytt7k16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lina Steinrud Mørch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6506-2569","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Danish Cancer Society","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ytt7k16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lars Vedel Kessing","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9377-9436","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035b05819"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Theis Lange","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6807-8347","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035b05819"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Øjvind Lidegaard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9157-4004","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rigshospitalet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mchdq19"}}],"datePublished":"2017-11-18","abstract":"Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the relative risk of suicide attempt and suicide in users of hormonal contraception.\nMethod: The authors assessed associations between hormonal contraceptive use and suicide attempt and suicide in a nationwide prospective cohort study of all women in Denmark who had no psychiatric diagnoses, antidepressant use, or hormonal contraceptive use before age 15 and who turned 15 during the study period, which extended from 1996 through 2013. Nationwide registers provided individually updated information about use of hormonal contraception, suicide attempt, suicide, and potential confounding variables. Psychiatric diagnoses or antidepressant use during the study period were considered potential mediators between hormonal contraceptive use and risk of suicide attempt. Adjusted hazard ratios for suicide attempt and suicide were estimated for users of hormonal contraception as compared with those who never used hormonal contraception.\n\nResults: Among nearly half a million women followed on average for 8.3 years (3.9 million person-years) with a mean age of 21 years, 6,999 first suicide attempts and 71 suicides were identified. Compared with women who never used hormonal contraceptives, the relative risk among current and recent users was 1.97 (95% CI=1.85–2.10) for suicide attempt and 3.08 (95% CI=1.34–7.08) for suicide. Risk estimates for suicide attempt were 1.91 (95% CI=1.79–2.03) for oral combined products, 2.29 (95% CI=1.77–2.95) for oral progestin-only products, 2.58 (95% CI=2.06–3.22) for vaginal ring, and 3.28 (95% CI=2.08–5.16) for patch. The association between hormonal contraceptive use and a first suicide attempt peaked after 2 months of use.\n\nConclusions: Use of hormonal contraception was positively associated with subsequent suicide attempt and suicide. Adolescent women experienced the highest relative risk.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"175","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The American Journal of Psychiatry"}}},"pageStart":"336","pageEnd":"342","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2017.17060616","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47706500"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1176/appi.ajp.2017.17060616"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29145752"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47706500"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cardiometabolic-risk-in-pcos-more-than-a-reproductive-disorder-gpwzb4w0/","name":"Cardiometabolic Risk in PCOS: More than a Reproductive Disorder","headline":"Cardiometabolic Risk in PCOS: More than a Reproductive Disorder","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cardiometabolic-risk-in-pcos-more-than-a-reproductive-disorder-gpwzb4w0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Torchen LC","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2468-7137"}],"datePublished":"2017-11-11","abstract":"PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is diagnosed by its characteristic reproductive features. However, PCOS is also associated with metabolic abnormalities, including insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. The severity of these abnormalities varies according to the reproductive phenotype, with the so-called NIH or classic phenotype conferring the greatest metabolic risk. The increased risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D) is well established among affected women with the NIH phenotype, but whether PCOS also confers an increased risk for cardiovascular events remains unknown.\n\nRECENT FINDINGS: Recent studies in daughters of affected women have found evidence for pancreatic β-cell dysfunction prior to menarche. Further, genetic analyses have provided evidence that metabolic abnormalities such as obesity and insulin resistance contribute to the pathogenesis of PCOS. PCOS increases the risk for T2D. However, the risk for cardiovascular disease has not been quantified, and prospective, longitudinal studies are still critically needed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Current diabetes reports"}}},"pageStart":"137","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-017-0956-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50056959"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s11892-017-0956-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29128916"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50056959"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-international-glossary-on-infertility-and-fertility-care-2017-rec0livfvcthrxvrb/","name":"The International Glossary on Infertility and Fertility Care, 2017","headline":"The International Glossary on Infertility and Fertility Care, 2017","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-international-glossary-on-infertility-and-fertility-care-2017-rec0livfvcthrxvrb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Fernando Zegers-Hochschild","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6234-6179","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Clínica Las Condes","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j5bwe91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G David Adamson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5387-7629","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Endometriosis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01q5m4507"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Silke Dyer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6196-8187","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Groote Schuur Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00c879s84"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Catherine Racowsky","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8961-7896","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacques de Mouzon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9465-3488","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rebecca Z. Sokol","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laura Rienzi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8104-3958","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Clinica Valle Giulia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05aq4y378"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lone Schmidt","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0372-9388","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035b05819"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ian Cooke","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7000-2306","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Sheffield","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05krs5044"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joe Leigh Simpson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5309-6881","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"March of Dimes","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04bd5p711"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arne Sunde","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Olav's University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01a4hbq44"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sheryl van der Poel","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Population Council","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03zjj0p70"}}],"datePublished":"2017-11-09","abstract":"STUDY Question: Can a consensus and evidence-driven set of terms and definitions be generated to be used globally in order to ensure consistency when reporting on infertility issues and fertility care interventions, as well as to harmonize communication among the medical and scientific communities, policy-makers, and lay public including individuals and couples experiencing fertility problems?\n\nSUMMARY ANSWER: A set of 283 consensus-based and evidence-driven terminologies used in infertility and fertility care has been generated through an inclusive consensus-based process with multiple stakeholders.\n\nWHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: In 2006 the International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ICMART) published a first glossary of 53 terms and definitions. In 2009 ICMART together with WHO published a revised version expanded to 87 terms, which defined infertility as a disease of the reproductive system, and increased standardization of fertility treatment terminology. Since 2009, limitations were identified in several areas and enhancements were suggested for the glossary, especially concerning male factor, demography, epidemiology and public health issues.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: Twenty-five professionals, from all parts of the world and representing their expertise in a variety of sub-specialties, were organized into five working groups: clinical definitions; outcome measurements; embryology laboratory; clinical and laboratory andrology; and epidemiology and public health. Assessment for revisions, as well as expansion on topics not covered by the previous glossary, were undertaken. A larger group of independent experts and representatives from collaborating organizations further discussed and assisted in refining all terms and definitions.\n\nPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, Methods: Members of the working groups and glossary co-ordinators interacted through electronic mail and face-to-face in international/regional conferences. Two formal meetings were held in Geneva, Switzerland, with a final consensus meeting including independent experts as well as observers and representatives of international/regional scientific and patient organizations.\n\nMAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: A consensus-based and evidence-driven set of 283 terminologies used in infertility and fertility care was generated to harmonize communication among health professionals and scientists as well as the lay public, patients and policy makers. Definitions such as 'fertility care' and 'fertility awareness' together with terminologies used in embryology and andrology have been introduced in the glossary for the first time. Furthermore, the definition of 'infertility' has been expanded in order to cover a wider spectrum of conditions affecting the capacity of individuals and couples to reproduce. The definition of infertility remains as a disease characterized by the failure to establish a clinical pregnancy; however, it also acknowledges that the failure to become pregnant does not always result from a disease, and therefore introduces the concept of an impairment of function which can lead to a disability. Additionally, subfertility is now redundant, being replaced by the term infertility so as to standardize the definition and avoid confusion.\n\nLIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: All stakeholders agreed to the vast majority of terminologies included in this glossary. In cases where disagreements were not resolved, the final decision was reached after a vote, defined before the meeting as consensus if passed with 75%. Over the following months, an external expert group, which included representatives from non-governmental organizations, reviewed and provided final feedback on the glossary.\n\nWIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE Findings: Some terminologies have different definitions, depending on the area of medicine, for example demographic or clinical as well as geographic differences. These differences were taken into account and this glossary represents a multinational effort to harmonize terminologies that should be used worldwide.\n\nSTUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS: None.\n\nTRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: N/A.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1786","pageEnd":"1801","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dex234","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46036879"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/dex234"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29117321"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46036879"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fetal-therapy-for-down-syndrome-report-of-three-cases-and-a-review-of-the-litera-recsd78fyru3rvax7/","name":"Fetal Therapy for Down Syndrome: Report of Three Cases and a Review of the Literature","headline":"Fetal Therapy for Down Syndrome: Report of Three Cases and a Review of the Literature","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fetal-therapy-for-down-syndrome-report-of-three-cases-and-a-review-of-the-litera-recsd78fyru3rvax7/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Baggot PJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Baggot RM"}],"datePublished":"2017-11-07","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Down syndrome (trisomy 21) is a well-known cause of mental retardation. It can be diagnosed in early pregnancy. Scientists have made great strides in outlining the pathophysiologic mechanisms of mental retardation in Down syndrome. Much less has been published on human therapy. To our knowledge, these are the first published cases of fetal therapy for Down syndrome.\n\nMETHODOLOGY: Reports of three cases. In all cases, treatment was both biochemical (e.g. nutritional) and educational. In all cases, treatment was both before and after birth.\n\nRESULTS: All children lacked the characteristic faces usually seen in the children with Down syndrome. This suggests a treatment effect before birth. All children had better than expected development.\n\nDISCUSSION: Enhancement of development is proposed as a new therapeutic principle. Developing neurons exchange neurotrophic factors during development when they give or receive stimulation from other neurons. Neurons which receive neurotrophic stimulation survive, and those, which do not, are lost to apoptosis. The developmental therapeutic principle seeks to optimize brain development. Biochemical inputs (neurotransmitters, drugs, hormones, nutrients) and functional stimulation are integrated to optimize the growth and survival of neurons individually; other cells; subcellular organelles; and the brain as a whole. Treatment may be before and after birth, both biochemical and functional. These principles may be applied to Down syndrome, other conditions, and normal fetuses or children.\n\nPREVIOUSLY PUBLISHED: Baggot PJ and Baggot RM (2014). Fetal Therapy for Down Syndrome: Report of three cases and review of the literature. J Am Phys Surg 19(1):20-24.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Issues in Law & Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"31","pageEnd":"41","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/teaching-obgyn-residents-bioethics-within-a-catholic-healthcare-context-rec7l4qcyysw4xigz/","name":"Teaching OB/GYN residents bioethics within a Catholic healthcare context","headline":"Teaching OB/GYN residents bioethics within a Catholic healthcare context","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/teaching-obgyn-residents-bioethics-within-a-catholic-healthcare-context-rec7l4qcyysw4xigz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Steele A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9232-7876","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Univ. of the West Indies St. Augustine"}}],"datePublished":"2017-11-07","abstract":"Residents entering training in the specialty of Obstetrics and Gynecology (OB/GYN) often have misconceptions as to what medical interventions Roman Catholic healthcare institutions prohibit, and why certain restrictions are placed on the provision of reproductive health options that are otherwise legally available to women. The Ethical and Religious Directives for Catholic Healthcare Services, produced by the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops seeks to provide a stable framework upon which reproductive health decisions can be based. However, Catholic healthcare ethics may conflict with secular bioethical assertions that place a premium on autonomous patient choice. Residents training in part or whole at a Catholic institution may feel frustration at what they perceive to be a conflict with current secular ethics paradigms-such as access to abortion, contraception, sterilization, and assisted reproductive technologies. The recent adoption of Clinical Competencies by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME), directs that residents shall be trained to function within the framework of their larger healthcare system (\"Systems-based Practice\"). This article will first, clarify areas of conflict and convergence between Catholic and secular reproductive ethics, which are unique to OB/GYN training. Next, using the ACGME's new Clinical Competency in Systems-Based practice as a model, a rationale for incorporating Catholic Healthcare ethics into an ethics curriculum for OB/GYN residents will be discussed. Finally, guidelines for faculty tackling the problem of how to teach Catholic Healthcare ethics will be described. Incorporating the rich tradition of Catholic healthcare ethics into the educational curriculum of OB/GYN residency fulfills training requirements while exposing young physicians to a rational decision-making framework in bioethics.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Issues in Law & Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"173","pageEnd":"182","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/behavioral-methods-of-family-planning-a-comparative-study-of-efficacy-and-safety-recgxh0knmsnvpaau/","name":"Behavioral methods of family planning: A comparative study of efficacy and  safety","headline":"Behavioral methods of family planning: A comparative study of efficacy and  safety","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/behavioral-methods-of-family-planning-a-comparative-study-of-efficacy-and-safety-recgxh0knmsnvpaau/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Dumitru AM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marguerite Duane","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duquesne University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02336z538"}}],"datePublished":"2017-11-07","abstract":"Background and PurposePublished reports indicate that over 100 million women worldwide use the birth control pill (Oral Contraceptives, or OCPs).1,2 However, in a national study conducted by the Battelle Centers for Public Health Research and Evaluation, rates of discontinuation of some birth control methods were as high as 90%, and had averages between 40-61% (depending on marital status) for women who were followed over a two-year period.3 This suggests that women are searching for new methods, perhaps with fewer side effects or better effectiveness rates. Studies show up to 60% of women would be interested in using Fertility Awareness Based Methods (FABMs) if given information.4 Both FABMs and OCPs entail behavior modification on a daily basis, so the efficacy and side effects of FABMs and OCPs were chosen for comparison during this study.Most commonly reported unintended pregnancy rates for FABMs and OCPs are based on low quality retrospective surveys. A popularly cited review from J. R. Trussell and colleagues reports typical use failure rates of 24% for FABMs and 9% for OCPs.5 These numbers are based on estimates of the probability of pregnancy drawn from the 1995 and 2002 National Surveys of Family Growth.5'6 There are at least three major problems with these surveys. One is that these are lower quality retrospective surveys based primarily on patient recall, with the data collected via a series of phone surveys. Another major problem is that 86% of the purported FABM users surveyed identified the calendar method-a much older and less effective method-as their primary form of contraception. Then, the rates for all types of FABMs were pooled together, including some methods which are not even classified as FABMs by trained providers. This lumping together of all FABMs including rhythm masks important differences in effectiveness among the variety of modern methods; a fact acknowledged by Trussell, the author of this estimate.7'8'9 The third major issue with this review is that the rates of effectiveness were adjusted to account for the researchers' assumption of underreporting of abortion. As a result of the issues with these popularly cited statistics, we sought to design objective criteria with which to evaluate the primary literature available for FABMs and OCPs, in order to understand both the quality of the studies available as well as the true effectiveness rates.\n\nMethods: In total, three major search engines (Medline, PubMed, and EMBASE) were used with keyword searches to identify relevant articles. For FABMs, 30 articles from 1980 on were included in the study.6 For OCPs, 47 articles from 2000 on were included in the study. (The year 2000 was chosen in part because studies from earlier decades had used higher dose hormone formulations which were proven to be unsafe for women, and the trend in later years has been towards seeking lower dose hormonal formulations to provide the same efficacy with fewer side effects1). Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy (SORT) criteria10 were established first for the FABM review6 and then adapted for the OCP review (Adapted SORT). The adaptation was based on fundamental differences between FABMs and OCPs such as lack of a learning phase for OCPs. The purpose of the SORT and Adapted SORT criteria was to provide a framework to determine the level of evidence for individual studies.Two independent reviewers scored each of the identified articles for the FABMs and the OCPs reviewed. Major discrepancies in scores were resolved by sending the articles in question to a third reviewer for a tie-break score.\n\nResults: For the FABMs reviewed, there were 56 maximum possible points with the SORT criteria. The scores ranged from 31-55 points, and 10 of the 30 articles (30%) were found to earn a SORT Level 1 status (qualified by earning a positive score in all of the critical criteria).6For the OCPs reviewed, there were 42 maximum possible points with the Adapted SORT criteria. …","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"31","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Issues in Law & Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"205","pageEnd":"209","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-especially-mild-disease-a-risk-factor-for-miscarriages-recphcrnqhhj4ttux/","name":"Endometriosis, especially mild disease: a risk factor for miscarriages","headline":"Endometriosis, especially mild disease: a risk factor for miscarriages","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-especially-mild-disease-a-risk-factor-for-miscarriages-recphcrnqhhj4ttux/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kohl Schwartz AS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandra Kohl Schwartz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7558-1327","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital of Bern","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01q9sj412"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vera Ruth Mitter","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1483-5020","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bern","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02k7v4d05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Martina Rauchfuss","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Psychosomatics, Charité University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Markus Eberhard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4002-583X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Spitäler Schaffhausen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fmm1979"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Imesch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6322-6005","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital of Zurich","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01462r250"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Daniel Fink","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3548-6736","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital of Zurich","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01462r250"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brigitte Leeners","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6137-7499","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital of Zurich","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01462r250"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Felix Haeberlin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of St. Gallen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0561a3s31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bruno Imthurn","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital of Zurich","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01462r250"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephanie von Orelli","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Triemli Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03kpdys72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Monika Martina Wölfler","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"RWTH Aachen University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04xfq0f34"}}],"datePublished":"2017-10-29","abstract":"Objective: To investigate the prevalence of miscarriage in women with endometriosis (WwE) compared with disease-free control women (CW).\nDesign: Cross-sectional analysis nested in a retrospective observational study (n = 940).\nSetting: Hospitals and associated private practices. PATIENT(S): Previously pregnant women (n = 268) within reproductive age in matched pairs. INTERVENTION(S): Retrospective analysis of surgical reports and self-administered questionnaires. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Rate of miscarriage, subanalysis for fertility status (≤12 vs. >12 months' time to conception), endometriosis stages (revised American Society of Reproductive Medicine classification [rASRM] I/II vs. III/IV) and phenotypic localizations (superficial peritoneal, ovarian, and deep infiltrating endometriosis). RESULT(S): The miscarriage rate was higher in WwE (35.8% [95% confidence interval 29.6%-42.0%]) compared with CW (22.0% [16.7%-27.0%]); adjusted incidence risk ratio of 1.97 (95% CI 1.41-2.75). This remained significant in subfertile WwE (50.0% [40.7%-59.4%]) vs. CW (25.8% [8.5%-41.2%]) but not in fertile WwE (24.5% [16.3%-31.6%]) vs. CW (21.5% [15.9%-26.8%]). The miscarriage rate was higher in women with milder forms (rASRM I/II 42.1% [32.6%-51.4%] vs. rASRM III/IV 30.8% [22.6%-38.7%], compared with 22.0% [16.7%-27.0%] in CW), and in women with superficial peritoneal endometriosis (42.0% [32.0%-53.9%]) compared with ovarian endometriosis (28.6% [17.7%-38.7%]) and deep infiltrating endometriosis (33.9% [21.2%-46.0%]) compared with CW (22.0% [16.7%-27.0%]). CONCLUSION(S): Mild endometriosis, as in superficial lesions, is related to a great extent of inflammatory disorder, possibly leading to defective folliculogenesis, fertilization, and/or implantation, presenting as increased risk of miscarriage. CLINICAL\n\nTRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT02511626.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"108","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"806-814.e2","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.08.025","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50099879"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.08.025"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29079275"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50099879"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/stress-and-the-hpa-axis-balancing-homeostasis-and-fertility-uzrv3jqs/","name":"Stress and the HPA Axis: Balancing Homeostasis and Fertility","headline":"Stress and the HPA Axis: Balancing Homeostasis and Fertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/stress-and-the-hpa-axis-balancing-homeostasis-and-fertility-uzrv3jqs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph DN"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Whirledge S"}],"datePublished":"2017-10-24","abstract":"An organism's reproductive fitness is sensitive to the environment, integrating cues of resource availability, ecological factors, and hazards within its habitat. Events that challenge the environment of an organism activate the central stress response system, which is primarily mediated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. The regulatory functions of the HPA axis govern the cardiovascular and metabolic system, immune functions, behavior, and reproduction. Activation of the HPA axis by various stressors primarily inhibits reproductive function and is able to alter fetal development, imparting a biological record of stress experienced in utero. Clinical studies and experimental data indicate that stress signaling can mediate these effects through direct actions in the brain, gonads, and embryonic tissues. This review focuses on the mechanisms by which stress activation of the HPA axis impacts fertility and fetal development.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International journal of molecular sciences"}}},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18102224","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47167938"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/ijms18102224"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29064426"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47167938"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-biomarkers-of-ovarian-reserve-and-infertility-among-older-wo-reckxs7k83ltnbrhv/","name":"Association Between Biomarkers of Ovarian Reserve and Infertility Among Older  Women of Reproductive Age","headline":"Association Between Biomarkers of Ovarian Reserve and Infertility Among Older  Women of Reproductive Age","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-biomarkers-of-ovarian-reserve-and-infertility-among-older-wo-reckxs7k83ltnbrhv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A Z Steiner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4203-3754","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David G. Pritchard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7717-0866","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Frank Z Stanczyk","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3607-121X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"James S Kesner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3348-4219","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0502a2655"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amy H Herring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1552-8871","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D D Baird","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5544-2653","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, PO Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Juliana W Meadows","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0502a2655"}}],"datePublished":"2017-10-20","abstract":"Importance: Despite lack of evidence of their utility, biomarkers of ovarian reserve are being promoted as potential markers of reproductive potential.\n\nObjective: To determine the associations between biomarkers of ovarian reserve and reproductive potential among women of late reproductive age. DESIGN, SETTING, AND\n\nParticipants: Prospective time-to-pregnancy cohort study (2008 to date of last follow-up in March 2016) of women (N = 981) aged 30 to 44 years without a history of infertility who had been trying to conceive for 3 months or less, recruited from the community in the Raleigh-Durham, North Carolina, area.\n\nExposures: Early-follicular-phase serum level of antimüllerian hormone (AMH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and inhibin B and urinary level of FSH.\n\nMAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The primary outcomes were the cumulative probability of conception by 6 and 12 cycles of attempt and relative fecundability (probability of conception in a given menstrual cycle). Conception was defined as a positive pregnancy test result.\n\nResults: A total of 750 women (mean age, 33.3 [SD, 3.2] years; 77% white; 36% overweight or obese) provided a blood and urine sample and were included in the analysis. After adjusting for age, body mass index, race, current smoking status, and recent hormonal contraceptive use, women with low AMH values (<0.7 ng/mL [n = 84]) did not have a significantly different predicted probability of conceiving by 6 cycles of attempt (65%; 95% CI, 50%-75%) compared with women (n = 579) with normal values (62%; 95% CI, 57%-66%) or by 12 cycles of attempt (84% [95% CI, 70%-91%] vs 75% [95% CI, 70%-79%], respectively). Women with high serum FSH values (>10 mIU/mL [n = 83]) did not have a significantly different predicted probability of conceiving after 6 cycles of attempt (63%; 95% CI, 50%-73%) compared with women (n = 654) with normal values (62%; 95% CI, 57%-66%) or after 12 cycles of attempt (82% [95% CI, 70%-89%] vs 75% [95% CI, 70%-78%], respectively). Women with high urinary FSH values (>11.5 mIU/mg creatinine [n = 69]) did not have a significantly different predicted probability of conceiving after 6 cycles of attempt (61%; 95% CI, 46%-74%) compared with women (n = 660) with normal values (62%; 95% CI, 58%-66%) or after 12 cycles of attempt (70% [95% CI, 54%-80%] vs 76% [95% CI, 72%-80%], respectively). Inhibin B levels (n = 737) were not associated with the probability of conceiving in a given cycle (hazard ratio per 1-pg/mL increase, 0.999; 95% CI, 0.997-1.001).\n\nConclusions and Relevance: Among women aged 30 to 44 years without a history of infertility who had been trying to conceive for 3 months or less, biomarkers indicating diminished ovarian reserve compared with normal ovarian reserve were not associated with reduced fertility. These findings do not support the use of urinary or blood follicle-stimulating hormone tests or antimüllerian hormone levels to assess natural fertility for women with these characteristics.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"318","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA"}}},"pageStart":"1367","pageEnd":"1376","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2017.14588","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46466248"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jama.2017.14588"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29049585"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46466248"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-future-of-cesarean-delivery-rates-in-the-united-states-recfsblmaavufpsoa/","name":"The Future of Cesarean Delivery Rates in the United States","headline":"The Future of Cesarean Delivery Rates in the United States","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-future-of-cesarean-delivery-rates-in-the-united-states-recfsblmaavufpsoa/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mark A Clapp","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5568-4444","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"William H Barth","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5702-3444","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}}],"datePublished":"2017-10-19","abstract":"The US cesarean delivery rate remains 30%-32%. Increases in maternal age, obesity, and diabetes put upward pressure on this rate. Alternatives to cesarean delivery, vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC), and operative vaginal delivery, are underutilized and there are substantial challenges to their resurgence. Practice guidelines offer promise, but demonstrate only minor reductions in cesarean delivery. We estimate that the overall rate in the US will remain 27%-30% for the immediate future. As more states move to recognize the independent practice of midwifery and more payers seek lower cost options for childbirth, we anticipate the overall rate will drop to 20% or 25%, but not for another 15 years or more.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"60","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"829","pageEnd":"839","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/GRF.0000000000000325","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47890434"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/GRF.0000000000000325"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29045299"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47890434"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-microbiota-continuum-along-the-female-reproductive-tract-and-its-relation-to-recanpb5chvrwmw1x/","name":"The microbiota continuum along the female reproductive tract and its relation to uterine-related diseases","headline":"The microbiota continuum along the female reproductive tract and its relation to uterine-related diseases","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-microbiota-continuum-along-the-female-reproductive-tract-and-its-relation-to-recanpb5chvrwmw1x/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chen C, Song X, Wei W, Zhong H, Dai J, Lan Z, Li F, Yu X, Feng Q, Wang Z, Xie H, Chen X, Zeng C, Wen B, Zeng L, Du H, Tang H, Xu C, Xia Y, Xia H, Yang H, Wang J, Madsen L, Brix S, Kristiansen K, Xu X, Li J, Wu R, Jia H"}],"datePublished":"2017-10-19","abstract":"Reports on bacteria detected in maternal fluids during pregnancy are typically associated with adverse consequences, and whether the female reproductive tract harbours distinct microbial communities beyond the vagina has been a matter of debate. Here we systematically sample the microbiota within the female reproductive tract in 110 women of reproductive age, and examine the nature of colonisation by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and cultivation. We find distinct microbial communities in cervical canal, uterus, fallopian tubes and peritoneal fluid, differing from that of the vagina. The results reflect a microbiota continuum along the female reproductive tract, indicative of a non-sterile environment. We also identify microbial taxa and potential functions that correlate with the menstrual cycle or are over-represented in subjects with adenomyosis or infertility due to endometriosis. The study provides insight into the nature of the vagino-uterine microbiome, and suggests that surveying the vaginal or cervical microbiota might be useful for detection of common diseases in the upper reproductive tract.Whether the female reproductive tract harbours distinct microbiomes beyond the vagina has been a matter of debate. Here, the authors show a subject-specific continuity in microbial communities at six sites along the female reproductive tract, indicative of a non-sterile environment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nature Communications"}}},"pageStart":"875","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-00901-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42379632"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/s41467-017-00901-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29042534"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q42379632"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/x-ray-spectroscopic-study-of-amorphous-and-polycrystalline-pbo-films-α-pbo-and-β-recpussvxgg3xqoyq/","name":"X-ray spectroscopic study of amorphous and polycrystalline PbO films, α-PbO, and  β-PbO for direct conversion imaging","headline":"X-ray spectroscopic study of amorphous and polycrystalline PbO films, α-PbO, and  β-PbO for direct conversion imaging","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/x-ray-spectroscopic-study-of-amorphous-and-polycrystalline-pbo-films-α-pbo-and-β-recpussvxgg3xqoyq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A Qamar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4105-5097","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Saskatchewan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"O Semeniuk","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4877-4980","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Thunder Bay Regional Research Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/013kbs677"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Lin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3653-2899","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Saskatchewan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y Pan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6934-4325","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Saskatchewan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Moewes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9218-2280","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Saskatchewan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K LeBlanc","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Saskatchewan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Reznik","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Lakehead University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/023p7mg82"}}],"datePublished":"2017-10-17","abstract":"We investigated the electronic structure of Lead Oxide (PbO) - one of the most promising photoconductor materials for direct conversion x-ray imaging detectors, using soft x-ray emission and absorption spectroscopy. Two structural configurations of thin PbO layers, namely the polycrystalline and the amorphous phase, were studied, and compared to the properties of powdered α-PbO and β-PbO samples. In addition, we performed calculations within the framework of density functional theory and found an excellent agreement between the calculated and the measured absorption and emission spectra, which indicates high accuracy of our structural models. Our work provides strong evidence that the electronic structure of PbO layers, specifically the width of the band gap and the presence of additional interband and intraband states in both conduction and valence band, depend on the deposition conditions. We tested several model structures using DFT simulations to understand what the origin of these states is. The presence of O vacancies is the most plausible explanation for these additional electronic states. Several other plausible models were ruled out including interstitial O, dislocated O and the presence of significant lattice stress in PbO.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Scientific Reports"}}},"pageStart":"13159","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-13703-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42377171"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/s41598-017-13703-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29030634"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q42377171"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/semen-quality-as-a-predictor-of-subsequent-morbidity-yxzuczp4/","name":"Semen Quality as a Predictor of Subsequent Morbidity: A Danish Cohort Study of 4,712 Men With Long-Term Follow-up","headline":"Semen Quality as a Predictor of Subsequent Morbidity: A Danish Cohort Study of 4,712 Men With Long-Term Follow-up","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/semen-quality-as-a-predictor-of-subsequent-morbidity-yxzuczp4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Latif T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kold Jensen T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mehlsen J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Holmboe SA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brinth L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pors K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Skouby SO"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jørgensen N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindahl-Jacobsen R"}],"datePublished":"2017-10-15","abstract":"Semen quality has been suggested to be a biological marker of long-term morbidity and mortality; however, few studies have been conducted on this subject. We identified 5,370 men seen for infertility at Frederiksberg Hospital, Denmark, during 1977-2010, and 4,712 of these men were followed in the Danish National Patient Registry until first hospitalization, death, or the end of the study. We classified patients according to hospitalizations and the presence of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, testicular cancer, or prostate cancer. We found a clear association between sperm concentration below 15 million/mL and all-cause hospitalizations (hazard ratio = 1.5, 95% confidence interval: 1.4, 1.6) and cardiovascular disease (hazard ratio = 1.4, 95% confidence interval: 1.2, 1.6), compared with men with a concentration above 40 million/mL. The probabilities for hospitalizations were also higher with a low total sperm count and low motility. Men with a sperm concentration of 195-200 million/mL were, on average, hospitalized for the first time 7 years later than were men with a sperm concentration of 0-5 million/mL. Semen quality was associated with long-term morbidity, and a significantly higher risk of hospitalization was found, in particular for cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus. Our study supports the suggestion that semen quality is a strong biomarker of general health.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"186","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American journal of epidemiology"}}},"pageStart":"910","pageEnd":"917","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwx067","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/aje/kwx067"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28498890"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/treatment-for-uterine-isthmocele-a-pouchlike-defect-at-the-site-of-a-cesarean-se-recktxysulttsseqe/","name":"Treatment for Uterine Isthmocele, A Pouchlike Defect at the Site of a Cesarean  Section Scar","headline":"Treatment for Uterine Isthmocele, A Pouchlike Defect at the Site of a Cesarean  Section Scar","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/treatment-for-uterine-isthmocele-a-pouchlike-defect-at-the-site-of-a-cesarean-se-recktxysulttsseqe/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonio Setubal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9388-1470","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital da Luz","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03jpm9j23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"João Alves","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2936-9886","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital da Luz","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03jpm9j23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Filipa Osório","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7235-4295","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital da Luz","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03jpm9j23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Adalgisa Guerra","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7354-2933","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital da Luz","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03jpm9j23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rodrigo Fernandes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5996-2288","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade de São Paulo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036rp1748"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jaime Albornoz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Clínica Las Condes","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j5bwe91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zacharoula Sidiroupoulou","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036ypft38"}}],"datePublished":"2017-10-13","abstract":"An isthmocele appears as a fluid pouchlike defect in the anterior uterine wall at the site of a prior cesarean section and ranges in prevalence from 19% to 84%, a direct relation to the increase in cesarean sections performed worldwide. Many definitions have been suggested for the dehiscence resulting from cesarean sections, and we propose standardization with a single term for all cases-isthmocele. Patients are not always symptomatic, but symptoms typically include intermittent abnormal bleeding, pain, and infertility. Pregnancy complications that result from an isthmocele include ectopic pregnancy, low implantation, and uterine rupture. Magnetic resonance imaging and transvaginal ultrasound are the gold standard imaging techniques for diagnosis. Surgical treatment of an isthmocele is still a controversial issue but should be offered to symptomatic women or the asymptomatic patient who desires future pregnancy. When surgery is the treatment choice, laparoscopy guided by hysteroscopy, hysteroscopy alone, or vaginal repair are the best options depending on the isthmocele's characteristics and surgeon expertise.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"25","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"38","pageEnd":"46","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2017.09.022","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47900995"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jmig.2017.09.022"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29024799"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47900995"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/how-can-we-protect-peak-bone-mass-and-future-bone-health-for-adolescent-women----reckr5ylo8wv4eihg/","name":"HOW CAN WE PROTECT PEAK BONE MASS AND FUTURE BONE HEALTH FOR ADOLESCENT WOMEN? -  BY SUPPORTING OVULATION AND AVOIDING COMBINED HORMONAL CONTRACEPTION USE","headline":"HOW CAN WE PROTECT PEAK BONE MASS AND FUTURE BONE HEALTH FOR ADOLESCENT WOMEN? -  BY SUPPORTING OVULATION AND AVOIDING COMBINED HORMONAL CONTRACEPTION USE","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/how-can-we-protect-peak-bone-mass-and-future-bone-health-for-adolescent-women----reckr5ylo8wv4eihg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2017-10-05","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"35","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Revista Paulista De Pediatria : Orgao Oficial Da Sociedade De Pediatria De Sao  Paulo"}}},"pageStart":"121","pageEnd":"124","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-0462/;2017;35;2;00019","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43294819"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1590/1984-0462/;2017;35;2;00019"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28977329"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43294819"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-and-obstetrics-complications-a-systematic-review-and-metaanalysis-bbwpxmpd/","name":"Endometriosis and obstetrics complications: a systematic review and meta-analysis","headline":"Endometriosis and obstetrics complications: a systematic review and meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-and-obstetrics-complications-a-systematic-review-and-metaanalysis-bbwpxmpd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Zullo F","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4223-3203"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Spagnolo E","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5566-8479"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Saccone G","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0078-2113"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Acunzo M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xodo S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9756-0511"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ceccaroni M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6797-4876"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vincenzo Berghella","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2854-0239","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Thomas Jefferson University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ysqcn41"}}],"datePublished":"2017-10-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of endometriosis on pregnancy outcomes.\n\nDESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis.\n\nSETTING: Not applicable.\n\nPATIENT(S): Women with or without endometriosis.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Electronic databases searched from their inception until February 2017 with no limit for language and with all cohort studies reporting the incidence of obstetric complications in women with a diagnosis of endometriosis compared with a control group (women without a diagnosis of endometriosis) included.\n\nMEAN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Primary outcome of incidence of preterm birth at <37 weeks with meta-analysis performed using the random effects model of DerSimonian and Laird to produce an odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI).\n\nRESULT(S): Twenty-four studies were analyzed comprising 1,924,114 women. In most of them, the diagnosis of endometriosis was made histologically after surgery. Women with endometriosis had a statistically significantly higher risk of preterm birth (OR 1.63; 95% CI, 1.32-2.01), miscarriage (OR 1.75; 95% CI, 1.29-2.37), placenta previa (OR 3.03; 95% CI, 1.50-6.13), small for gestational age (OR 1.27; 95% CI, 1.03-1.57), and cesarean delivery (OR 1.57; 95% CI, 1.39-1.78) compared with the healthy controls. No differences were found in the incidence of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Women with endometriosis have a statistically significantly higher risk of preterm birth, miscarriage, placenta previa, small for gestational age infants, and cesarean delivery.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"108","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"667-672.e5","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.07.019","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50220053"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.07.019"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28874260"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50220053"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/osteopenia-and-osteoporosis-in-female-athletes-edire1us/","name":"Osteopenia and Osteoporosis in Female Athletes","headline":"Osteopenia and Osteoporosis in Female Athletes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/osteopenia-and-osteoporosis-in-female-athletes-edire1us/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"MacKnight JM"}],"datePublished":"2017-10-01","abstract":"Disorders of bone density are especially prevalent among athletic women. The severity of bone loss ranges from osteopenia to frank osteoporosis. In female athletes, a higher incidence of osteoporosis is due to a decreased rate of bone accretion in youth, often as a result of hormonal deficiency and/or excessive exercise. Low bone mass poses a particular challenge for athletes because it predisposes to stress-related bone injuries and increases the risk of osteoporosis and insufficiency fractures with aging. This article reviews the pathophysiology of bone thinning in premenopausal and postmenopausal women, the impact of exercise, and the treatment options presently available.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"36","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinics in sports medicine"}}},"pageStart":"687","pageEnd":"702","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csm.2017.05.006","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45066926"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.csm.2017.05.006"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28886822"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q45066926"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-in-europe-2013-results-generated-from-european--zsha3zfp/","name":"Assisted reproductive technology in Europe, 2013: results generated from European registers by ESHRE","headline":"Assisted reproductive technology in Europe, 2013: results generated from European registers by ESHRE","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-in-europe-2013-results-generated-from-european--zsha3zfp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Carlos Calhaz-Jorge","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2941-113X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nuffield Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01w2zd907"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christian De Geyter","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0889-6310","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Basel","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02s6k3f65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kupka MS","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6559-0580"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacques de Mouzon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9465-3488","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Erb K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Edgar Mocanu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3094-4892","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01hxy9878"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Motrenko T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Scaravelli G","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0720-9467"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine Wyns","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6581-5003","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03s4khd80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Goossens V; European IVF-monitoring Consortium (EIM); European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE)"}],"datePublished":"2017-10-01","abstract":"STUDY QUESTION: Are there any changes in the treatments involving ART and IUI initiated in Europe during 2013 compared with previ-\n\nous years?\nSUMMARY ANSWER: An increase in the overall number of ART cycles resulting from a higher number of countries reporting data was\nevident, the pregnancy rates (PRs) in 2013 remained stable compared with those reported in 2012, the number of transfers with multiple\nembryos (3+) was lower than ever before yet the multiple delivery rates (DRs) remained unchanged, and IUI activity and success rates were\nsimilar to those of last years.\nWHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Since 1997, ART data in Europe have been collected and reported in 16 manuscripts, published in\n\nHuman Reproduction.\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: Retrospective data collection of European ART data by the European IVF-monitoring Consortium\nfor ESHRE. Data for cycles between 1 January and 31 December 2013 were collected from National Registers, when existing, or on a voluntary basis by personal information.\nPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTINGS, METHODS: From 38 countries (+4 compared with 2012), 1169 clinics reported\n686 271 treatment cycles including 144 299 of IVF, 330 367 of ICSI, 154 712 of frozen embryo replacement (FER), 40 244 of egg donation\n(ED), 247 of IVM, 9791 of PGD/PGS and 6611 of frozen oocyte replacements. European data on intrauterine insemination using husband/\npartner’s semen (IUI-H) and donor semen (IUI-D) were reported from 1095 IUI labs in 22 countries. A total of 175 467 IUI-H and 43 785\nIUI-D cycles were included.\nMAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: In 17 countries where all clinics reported to their ART register, a total of 374 177\nART cycles were performed in a population of around 310 million inhabitants, corresponding to 1175 cycles per million inhabitants (range,\n235–2703 cycles per million inhabitants).\n\n†\n\nESHRE Pages content is not externally peer reviewed. This manuscript has been approved by the Executive Committee of ESHRE.\nEIM Committee 2013–2015: chairman: C.C-J.; chairman elect: C.D.; past chairman: M.K. members: J.d.M., K.E., E.M., T.M., G.S., C.W. and V.G. is a science manager at ESHRE Central Office,\nBrussels. See also Appendix for contributing centres and contact persons representing the data collection programmes in the participating European countries.\nThe main results of this report were presented at the annual ESHRE congress in Helsinki, July 2016.\n\n‡\n\n© The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved.\nFor Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com\n\n\nFor all IVF cycles, the clinical PRs per aspiration and per transfer were stable with 29.6% (29.4% in 2012) and 34.5% (33.8% in 2012),\nrespectively. For ICSI, the corresponding rates also were stable with 27.8% (27.8% in 2012) and 32.9% (32.3% in 2012). In FER-cycles, the PR\nper thawing/warming increased to 27.0% (23.1% in 2012). In ED cycles, the PR per fresh transfer increased to 49.8% (48.4% in 2012), to\n38.5% (35.9% in 2012) per thawed transfer, and to 46.4% for transfers after FOR (45.1% in 2012). The DRs after IUI remained stable at 8.6%\n(8.5% in 2012) after IUI-H and was slightly lower after IUI-D (11.1% versus 12.0% in 2012).\nIn IVF and ICSI cycles, 1, 2, 3 and 4+ embryos were transferred in 31.4, 56.3, 11.5, and 1.0% of the cycles, respectively (corresponding\nnumbers were 30.2, 55.4, 13.3 and 1.1% in 2012). The proportions of singleton, twin and triplet deliveries after IVF and ICSI (added together)\nwere 82., 17.5 and 0.5%, respectively, resulting in a total multiple DR of 18.0% compared to 17.9% in 2012. In FER-cycles, the multiple DR\nwas 12.8% (12.5% twins and 0.3% triplets), nearly the same as in 2012 (12.5, 12.2 and 0.3% respectively).\nTwin and triplet DRs associated with IUI cycles were 9.5%/0.6% and 7.5%/0.3%, following treatment with husband/donor semen,\nrespectively.\nLIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: The method of reporting varies among countries, and registers from a number of countries\n\nhave been unable to provide some of the relevant data such as initiated cycles and deliveries.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dex264","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56807478"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/dex264"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29117383"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q56807478"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/enrollment-childbearing-motivations-and-intentions-of-couples-in-the-creighton-m-rec6gfneykjwjt8fm/","name":"Enrollment, Childbearing Motivations, and Intentions of Couples in the Creighton Model Effectiveness, Intentions, and Behaviors Assessment (CEIBA) Study","headline":"Enrollment, Childbearing Motivations, and Intentions of Couples in the Creighton Model Effectiveness, Intentions, and Behaviors Assessment (CEIBA) Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/enrollment-childbearing-motivations-and-intentions-of-couples-in-the-creighton-m-rec6gfneykjwjt8fm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christina A Porucznik","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1973-2917","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2017-09-26","abstract":"CONTEXT: The Creighton Model FertilityCare(TM) System (CrM) is a standardized approach for educating women about the biomarkers of their fertility. Couples can use this information for timing intercourse during \"fertile\" or \"infertile\" days in order to try to conceive or to avoid pregnancy.\n\nOBJECTIVES: The study of Creighton Model Effectiveness, Intentions, and Behaviors Assessment (CEIBA) was conducted to assess fertility motivations, intentions, fertility-related sexual behaviors, and their impact on effectiveness to avoid and to conceive among new users of the CrM. This paper reports enrollment baseline characteristics.\n\nSETTINGS AND DESIGN: We conducted this prospective cohort study at 17 CrM FertilityCare(TM) Centers; 16 in the USA and one in Toronto, Canada.\n\nMATERIALS AND METHODS: Couples who were new or returning users of the CrM were eligible. Couples who were initially trying to conceive or had a history of subfertility were excluded. Couples were enrolled and followed prospectively by their CrM instructors and also by CEIBA study staff. They completed baseline questionnaires.\n\nRESULTS: 1,132 new couples were assessed; 1,090 (96%) couples were screened; 429 (39%) couples were eligible; 305 women (71%) and 290 (95%) male partners were enrolled. The majority of women was engaged (39%) or married (51%), college graduates (77%), Caucasian non-Hispanic (80%), and Roman Catholic (80%). The most common reasons for learning CrM (women) were to use a natural method for family planning (91%), for moral/ethical/religious reasons (70%), the lack of side effects (71%), or insight into the menstrual cycle and fertility (62%). Women and men intended to have a mean of three and two additional children, respectively. Of women, 21% intended to have a child within a year and 60% between 1 and 3 years. The mean positive childbearing motivation score was 3.3 for both women and men (range 1-4, with 4 being most positive).\n\nCONCLUSION: Couples beginning use of the CrM to avoid pregnancy have high levels of motivation, desire, and intention for future childbearing. The CEIBA study has prospective measures of desires, intentions, and sexual/fertility behaviors for up to 1 year. We will assess the impact of desires, intentions, and behaviors on the pregnancy rates among these couples.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Medicine"}},"pageStart":"147","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2017.00147","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41699554"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fmed.2017.00147"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28944223"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41699554"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-lactobacillus-rhamnosus-hn001-in-pregnancy-on-postpartum-symptoms-of-d-recfcgloib4unba6h/","name":"Effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001 in Pregnancy on Postpartum Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety: A Randomised Double-blind Placebo-controlled Trial","headline":"Effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001 in Pregnancy on Postpartum Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety: A Randomised Double-blind Placebo-controlled Trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-lactobacillus-rhamnosus-hn001-in-pregnancy-on-postpartum-symptoms-of-d-recfcgloib4unba6h/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R F Slykerman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4942-8887","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Auckland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03b94tp07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Hood","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0019-1738","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Otago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01jmxt844"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Wickens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7152-6005","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Otago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01jmxt844"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John Thompson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6944-381X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Auckland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03b94tp07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Barthow","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8308-4745","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Otago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01jmxt844"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Murphy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0405-1409","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Auckland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03b94tp07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Kang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8500-2763","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Otago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01jmxt844"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Stone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9052-0453","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Auckland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03b94tp07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Crane","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3244-3733","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Otago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01jmxt844"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Stanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3205-1983","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Otago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01jmxt844"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Maude","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0749-6542","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Victoria University of Wellington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0040r6f76"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Edwin A. Mitchell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6187-7648","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Auckland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03b94tp07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Probiotic in Pregnancy Study Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Abels","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Otago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01jmxt844"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emily M Mitchell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4469-1117","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Purdie","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Otago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01jmxt844"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Rowden","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Auckland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03b94tp07"}}],"datePublished":"2017-09-26","abstract":"Background: Probiotics may help to prevent symptoms of anxiety and depression through several putative mechanisms.\n\nObjective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001 (HN001) given in pregnancy and postpartum on symptoms of maternal depression and anxiety in the postpartum period. This was a secondary outcome, the primary outcome being eczema in the offspring at 12 months of age.\nDesign, Setting,\n\nParticipants: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of the effect of HN001 on postnatal mood was conducted in 423 women in Auckland and Wellington, New Zealand. Women were recruited at 14–16 weeks gestation.\n\nIntervention: Women were randomised to receive either placebo or HN001 daily from enrolment until 6 months postpartum if breastfeeding.\n\nOutcome Measures: Modified versions of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and State Trait Anxiety Inventory were used to assess symptoms of depression and anxiety postpartum.\n\nTrial Registration: Australia NZ Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12612000196842.\n\nFindings: 423 women were recruited between December 2012 and November 2014. 212 women were randomised to HN001 and 211 to placebo. 380 women (89.8%) completed the questionnaire on psychological outcomes, 193 (91.0%) in the treatment group and 187 (88.6%) in the placebo group. Mothers in the probiotic treatment group reported significantly lower depression scores (HN001 mean = 7·7 (SD = 5·4), placebo 9·0 (6·0); effect size -1·2, (95% CI -2·3, -0·1), p = 0·037) and anxiety scores (HN001 12·0 (4·0), placebo 13·0 (4·0); effect size -1·0 (-1·9, -0·2), p = 0·014) than those in the placebo group. Rates of clinically relevant anxiety on screening (score > 15) were significantly lower in the HN001 treated mothers (OR = 0·44 (0·26, 0·73), p = 0·002).\n\nInterpretation: Women who received HN001 had significantly lower depression and anxiety scores in the postpartum period. This probiotic may be useful for the prevention or treatment of symptoms of depression and anxiety postpartum.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"EBioMedicine"}},"pageStart":"159","pageEnd":"165","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2017.09.013","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42651889"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ebiom.2017.09.013"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28943228"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q42651889"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/what-kind-of-policies-for-fertility-treatment-would-improve-affordability-and-ou-recu2hcwjbk2pevu8/","name":"What Kind of Policies for Fertility Treatment would Improve Affordability and  Outcomes for Individuals and the Public?","headline":"What Kind of Policies for Fertility Treatment would Improve Affordability and  Outcomes for Individuals and the Public?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/what-kind-of-policies-for-fertility-treatment-would-improve-affordability-and-ou-recu2hcwjbk2pevu8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2017-09-13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"31","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology"}}},"pageStart":"449","pageEnd":"451","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/ppe.12411","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48360400"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/ppe.12411"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28898931"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q48360400"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/frozen-embryo-transfer-a-review-on-the-optimal-endometrial-preparation-and-timin-7uz5rkhg/","name":"Frozen embryo transfer: a review on the optimal endometrial preparation and timing","headline":"Frozen embryo transfer: a review on the optimal endometrial preparation and timing","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/frozen-embryo-transfer-a-review-on-the-optimal-endometrial-preparation-and-timin-7uz5rkhg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mackens S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Santos-Ribeiro S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"van de Vijver A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Racca A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Van Landuyt L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tournaye H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Blockeel C"}],"datePublished":"2017-09-08","abstract":"Study question: What is the optimal endometrial preparation protocol for a frozen embryo transfer (FET)?Summary answerAlthough the optimal endometrial preparation protocol for FET needs further research and is yet to be determined, we propose a standardized timing strategy based on the current available evidence which could assist in the harmonization and comparability of clinic practice and future trials.\n\nWhat is known already: Amid a continuous increase in the number of FET cycles, determining the optimal endometrial preparation protocol has become paramount to maximize ART success. In current daily practice, different FET preparation methods and timing strategies are used.Study design, size, durationThis is a review of the current literature on FET preparation methods, with special attention to the timing of the embryo transfer.Participants/materials, setting, methodsLiterature on the topic was retrieved in PubMed and references from relevant articles were investigated until June 2017.Main results and the role of chanceThe number of high quality randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is scarce and, hence, the evidence for the best protocol for FET is poor. Future research should compare both the pregnancy and neonatal outcomes between HRT and true natural cycle (NC) FET. In terms of embryo transfer timing, we propose to start progesterone intake on the theoretical day of oocyte retrieval in HRT and to perform blastocyst transfer at hCG + 7 or LH + 6 in modified or true NC, respectively.Limitations reasons for cautionAs only a few high quality RCTs on the optimal preparation for FET are available in the existing literature, no definitive conclusion for benefit of one protocol over the other can be drawn so far.Wider implications of the findingsCaution when using HRT for FET is warranted since the rate of early pregnancy loss is alarmingly high in some reports.Study funding/competing interest(s)S.M. is funded by the Research Fund of Flanders (FWO). H.T. and C.B. report grants from Merck, Goodlife, Besins and Abbott during the conduct of the study.Trial registration numberNot applicable.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction"}}},"pageStart":"2234","pageEnd":"2242","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dex285","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/dex285"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-hormonal-contraception-with-depression-in-the-postpartum-period-recjwzbykblfyeeit/","name":"Association of Hormonal Contraception with depression in the postpartum period","headline":"Association of Hormonal Contraception with depression in the postpartum period","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-hormonal-contraception-with-depression-in-the-postpartum-period-recjwzbykblfyeeit/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Timothy A Roberts","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4966-7079","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brooke Army Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00m1mwc36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shana Hansen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4664-8331","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brooke Army Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00m1mwc36"}}],"datePublished":"2017-09-05","abstract":"Objectives: Studies have demonstrated an association between hormonal contraception use with subsequent depression and antidepressant use. This association has not been assessed among postpartum women.\n\nStudy Design: This study is a secondary analysis of insurance records from 75,528 postpartum women enrolled in the US military medical system, who delivered between October 2012 and September 2014. Our analyses excluded women who used antidepressants or had a diagnosis of depression in the 24months prior to delivery. We assessed the relationship of hormonal contraception use with subsequent antidepressant use or diagnosis with depression in the first 12months postpartum using Cox proportional hazards regression, with a time dependent covariate measuring exposure to hormonal contraception.\n\nResults: Antidepressants were prescribed to 7.8% of women and 5.0% were diagnosed with depression. In multivariable analysis adjusting for demographics, both antidepressant use and diagnosis with depression were associated with: younger age, lower socioeconomic status, and a history of military service. Compared to women with no hormonal contraceptive use, use of etonogestrel containing contraception was associated with a higher risk of antidepressant use (Implant: adjHR:1.22(95%CI:1.06-1.41), p<0.001; Ring:1.45(1.16-1.80), p=0.001). Use of norethindrone-only pills was associated with a lower risk of antidepressant use (0.58(0.52-0.64), p<0.001) and depression diagnosis (0.56(0.49-0.64), p<0.001). Use of a levonorgestrel intrauterine system was associated with a lower risk of depression diagnoses (0.65(0.52-0.82), p<0.001).\n\nConclusion: The risk of major depression diagnosis and antidepressant use in the postpartum period varies with the type of hormonal contraception used. Further research is required to describe the mechanisms of these relationships.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"96","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"446","pageEnd":"452","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2017.08.010","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47779005"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.contraception.2017.08.010"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28867443"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47779005"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estrogen-progestin-therapy-causes-a-greater-increase-in-spinal-bone-mineral-dens-recbjc5bwwnu9cifo/","name":"Estrogen-progestin therapy causes a greater increase in spinal bone mineral  density than estrogen therapy - a systematic review and meta-analysis of  controlled trials with direct randomization","headline":"Estrogen-progestin therapy causes a greater increase in spinal bone mineral  density than estrogen therapy - a systematic review and meta-analysis of  controlled trials with direct randomization","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estrogen-progestin-therapy-causes-a-greater-increase-in-spinal-bone-mineral-dens-recbjc5bwwnu9cifo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"V R Seifert-Klauss"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Giustini"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Azita Goshtasebi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shirin Kalyan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7458-0832","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Coastal Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bd8jh67"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vanadin Seifert‐Klauss","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2639-5317","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"TUM Klinikum","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04jc43x05"}}],"datePublished":"2017-09-02","abstract":"Objective: To assess whether progesterone (P4) or osteoblast P4 receptor-acting progestin (P) contributed to estrogen (E) therapy-related increased areal bone mineral density (BMD) in randomized controlled trials (RCT) with direct randomization to estrogen (ET) or estrogen-progestin (EPT) therapy.\n\nMethods: Systematic literature searches in biomedical databases identified RCT with direct randomization and parallel estrogen doses that measured spinal BMD change/year. Cyclic P4/P was included in this random effects meta-analysis only if for ≥ half the number of E-days.\n\nResults: Searches yielded 155 publications; five met inclusion criteria providing eight dose-parallel ET-EPT comparisons in 1058 women. Women averaged mid-50 years, ⟨five years into menopause and took conjugated equine E daily at 0.625 mg with/without 2.5 mg medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA). The weighted mean EPT minus ET percentage difference in spinal BMD change was +0.68%/year (95% CI 0.38, 0.97%) (P=0.00001). This result was highly heterogeneous (I²=81%) but this may reflect the small number of studies.\n\nConclusion: Estrogen with an osteoblast P4R-acting progestin (EPT) in these five published RCT provides Level 1 evidence that MPA caused significantly greater annual percent spinal BMD gains than the same dose of ET. These data have implications for management of vasomotor symptoms and potentially for osteoporosis treatment in menopausal women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Musculoskeletal & Neuronal Interactions"}}},"pageStart":"146","pageEnd":"154","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38599114","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28860416"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38599114"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/minerals-in-pregnancy-and-lactation-a-review-article-9cgu8yum/","name":"Minerals in Pregnancy and Lactation: A Review Article","headline":"Minerals in Pregnancy and Lactation: A Review Article","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/minerals-in-pregnancy-and-lactation-a-review-article-9cgu8yum/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Khayat S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fanaei H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ghanbarzehi A"}],"datePublished":"2017-09-01","abstract":"Micronutrients (include vitamins and minerals) are essential for normal function, growth and development. Minerals have important effects on the health of the mother and foetus. But biological mechanisms of minerals are not completely understood. Micronutrient deficiency during pregnancy can lead to anaemia, hypertension, obstetric complications and even maternal death and in foetus lead to a fail in growth and development. Mineral deficiency during pregnancy, particularly exist in developing countries. During pregnancy due to the increased demands caused by physiological changes, deficiency is exaggerated and as a result its complications occur. Thus, ensuring to receive enough macronutrients and micronutrients before and during pregnancy, is important. Nevertheless, there are controversies regarding administrating supplements. There are not enough studies about some of the minerals and the challenges remain. Regarding the importance of minerals in pregnancy and lactation, in this review we will analyze the role of them in pregnancy and lactation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR"}}},"pageStart":"QE01-QE05","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2017/28485.10626","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47104021"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.7860/JCDR/2017/28485.10626"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29207789"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47104021"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estrogengut-microbiome-axis-physiological-and-clinical-implications-jsnrpdjw/","name":"Estrogen-gut microbiome axis: Physiological and clinical implications","headline":"Estrogen-gut microbiome axis: Physiological and clinical implications","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estrogengut-microbiome-axis-physiological-and-clinical-implications-jsnrpdjw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Baker JM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Al-Nakkash L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Herbst-Kralovetz MM"}],"datePublished":"2017-09-01","abstract":"Low levels of gonadal circulating estrogen observed in post-menopausal women can adversely impact a diverse range of physiological factors, with clinical implications for brain cognition, gut health, the female reproductive tract and other aspects of women's health. One of the principal regulators of circulating estrogens is the gut microbiome. This review aims to shed light on the role of the gut microbiota in estrogen-modulated disease. The gut microbiota regulates estrogens through secretion of β-glucuronidase, an enzyme that deconjugates estrogens into their active forms. When this process is impaired through dysbiosis of gut microbiota, characterized by lower microbial diversity, the decrease in deconjugation results in a reduction of circulating estrogens. The alteration in circulating estrogens may contribute to the development of conditions discussed herein: obesity, metabolic syndrome, cancer, endometrial hyperplasia, endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome, fertility, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cognitive function. The bi-directional relationship between the metabolic profile (including estrogen levels) and gut microbiota in estrogen-driven disease will also be discussed. Promising therapeutic interventions manipulating the gut microbiome and the metabolic profile of estrogen-driven disease, such as bariatric surgery and metformin, will be detailed. Modulation of the microbiome composition subsequently impacts the metabolic profile, and vice versa, and has been shown to alleviate many of the estrogen-modulated disease states. Last, we highlight promising research interventions in the field, such as dietary therapeutics, and discuss areas that provide exciting unexplored topics of study.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"103","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Maturitas"}},"pageStart":"45","pageEnd":"53","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.06.025","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47676334"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.06.025"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28778332"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47676334"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/detection-of-ovulation-a-review-of-currently-available-methods-zuxig1qr/","name":"Detection of ovulation, a review of currently available methods","headline":"Detection of ovulation, a review of currently available methods","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/detection-of-ovulation-a-review-of-currently-available-methods-zuxig1qr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Su HW"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yi YC","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3062-6736"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wei TY","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1510-8183"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chang TC","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1870-7453"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cheng CM","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8644-1960"}],"datePublished":"2017-09-01","abstract":"The ability to identify the precise time of ovulation is important for women who want to plan conception or practice contraception. Here, we review the current literature on various methods for detecting ovulation including a review of point-of-care device technology. We incorporate an examination of methods to detect ovulation that have been developed and practiced for decades and analyze the indications and limitations of each-transvaginal ultrasonography, urinary luteinizing hormone detection, serum progesterone and urinary pregnanediol 3-glucuronide detection, urinary follicular stimulating hormone detection, basal body temperature monitoring, and cervical mucus and salivary ferning analysis. Some point-of-care ovulation detection devices have been developed and commercialized based on these methods, however previous research was limited by small sample size and an inconsistent standard reference to true ovulation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Bioengineering & translational medicine"}}},"pageStart":"238","pageEnd":"246","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/btm2.10058","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q53882343"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/btm2.10058"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29313033"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q53882343"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-awareness-based-mobile-application-recfikuolliyehzqi/","name":"Fertility awareness-based mobile application","headline":"Fertility awareness-based mobile application","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-awareness-based-mobile-application-recfikuolliyehzqi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Petra Frank‐Herrmann","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1322-0366","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Petra Frank-Herrmann","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0330-0741","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Gynaecological Endocrinology and Fertility Disorders, University of Heidelberg, Vossstrasse 9, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany. petra.frank-herrmann@med.uni-heidelberg.de","sameAs":"https://ror.org/038t36y30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Günter Freundl","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82"}}],"datePublished":"2017-08-30","abstract":"Sir,Currently, a variety of start-up companies are developing mobile phone apps to track the menstrual cycle and the fertile window, for the use of women who are trying to conceive or trying to avo...","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care : the Official  Journal of the European Society of Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"396","pageEnd":"397","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/13625187.2017.1362691","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54578016"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/13625187.2017.1362691"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28849952"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q54578016"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diet-and-fertility-a-review-recdv40fm07dmq7s6/","name":"Diet and fertility: a review","headline":"Diet and fertility: a review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diet-and-fertility-a-review-recdv40fm07dmq7s6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Audrey J Gaskins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0812-7439","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia. Electronic address: Audrey.jane.gaskins@emory.edu.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jorge E Chavarro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7790-8311","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}}],"datePublished":"2017-08-29","abstract":"The literature on the relationship between diet and human fertility has greatly expanded over the last decade, resulting in the identification of a few clear patterns. Intake of supplemental folic acid, particularly at doses higher than those recommended for the prevention of neural tube defects, has been consistently related to lower frequency of infertility, lower risk of pregnancy loss, and greater success in infertility treatment. On the other hand and despite promising evidence from animal models, vitamin D does not appear to exert an important role in human fertility in the absence of deficiency. Antioxidant supplementation does not appear to offer any benefits to women undergoing infertility treatment, but it appears to be beneficial when it is the male partner who is supplemented. However, the available evidence does not allow discerning which specific antioxidants, or at which doses, are responsible for this benefit. Long-chain omega-3 fatty acids appear to improve female fertility, although it remains unclear to what extent contamination of shared food sources, such as fish with high levels of environmental toxicants, can dampen this benefit. Lastly, adherence to healthy diets favoring seafood, poultry, whole grains, fruits, and vegetables are related to better fertility in women and better semen quality in men. The cumulative evidence has also piled against popular hypotheses. Dairy and soy, once proposed as reproductive toxicants, have not been consistently related to poor fertility. In fact, soy and soy supplements appear to exert a beneficial effect among women undergoing infertility treatment. Similarly, because data from large, high-quality studies continue to accumulate, the evidence of a potentially deleterious effect of moderate alcohol and caffeine intake on the ability to become pregnant seems less solid than it once did. While a complete picture of the role of nutrition on fertility is far from complete, much progress has been made. The most salient gaps in the current evidence include jointly considering female and male diets and testing the most consistent findings in randomized trials.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"218","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"379","pageEnd":"389","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2017.08.010","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38606562"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ajog.2017.08.010"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28844822"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38606562"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evidence-based-and-patient-oriented-inositol-treatment-in-polycystic-ovary-syndr-reclfytlpnshndfx7/","name":"Evidence-Based and Patient-Oriented Inositol Treatment in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Changing the Perspective of the Disease","headline":"Evidence-Based and Patient-Oriented Inositol Treatment in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Changing the Perspective of the Disease","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evidence-based-and-patient-oriented-inositol-treatment-in-polycystic-ovary-syndr-reclfytlpnshndfx7/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonio Simone Laganà","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1543-2802","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Palermo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/044k9ta02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Benito Chiofalo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2801-2962","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Massimo Buscema","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4356-0510","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ospedale Cannizzaro","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mtnpp42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gaetano Valenti","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7745-7362","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Catania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Agnese Maria Chiara Rapisarda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9560-7598","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Catania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Salvatore Giovanni Vitale","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6871-6097","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Catania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paola Rossetti","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ospedale Cannizzaro","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mtnpp42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fabrizio Sapia","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Catania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57"}}],"datePublished":"2017-08-25","abstract":"Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)’s rate is about 6% to10% among the reproductive aged women; it is characterized by menstrual cycle irregularity with oligo-anovulation, hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance, and compensatory hyperinsulinemia. Despite the fact that the last two elements are present in a large percentage of PCOS women, they are not mandatory for the diagnosis; in order to explain the pathogenesis in these patients, it was supposed that ovarian theca cells got higher insulin sensitivity probably related to the mechanism of intracellular signalling transduction (1). Corroborating this view, it was previously demonstrated that diazoxid, which has the well-known effect of decreasing insulin levels, reduced hyperandrogenism in lean women affected by PCOS, even in the cases of normal insulin level and insulin sensitivity (2). Based on the detrimental role of insulin resistance, several insulin sensitizer drugs have been used to ameliorate PCOS symptoms and signs. Although metformin has represented the landmark of PCOS therapy in the recent past, to date several studies have tested the efficacy of Inositols, a carbocyclic polyols. Two stereoisomers, in particular Myo-inositol (MI) and D-Dhiro-inositol (DCI) showed a clinical efficacy and safety during PCOS. MI is converted in DCI by epimerase, an enzyme regulated also by insulin action. In the form of inositol-phosphoglycans (IPGs), they are involved in a non-classical insulin signalling cascade: insulin receptor is coupled by G-protein which can activate phospholipase, allowing the release of second messengers (DCI-glycan), which is able to stimulate pyruvate dehydrogenase and glycogen synthase activities, the enzyme involved in the oxidative and the non-oxidative glucose metabolism (3). On one hand, MI-IPG is able to inhibit cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) kinase and adenylyl cyclase, both involved in free fatty acid metabolism. On the other hand, DCI-IPG play a pivotal role during the binding of insulin to its receptor on cell membrane where it stimulates IPG release and starts signalling cascade. In addition, Inositols are incorporated in membrane phospholipids as phosphoinositides. Phosphatidylinositol 4, 5 bisphosphate (PtdIns-4, 5P) and phosphatidylinositol 4P (PtdIns-4P), in particular, are involved in the regulation of the cytoskeleton structure and in the regulation of cellular motility, which account also the beneficial effects of Inositol administration on sperm parameters. PtdIns-4, 5P plays a key role in controlling calcium-mediated intracellular signalling which is mandatory to address the oocytes maturation and fecundation (4).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"e43695","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.5812/ijem.43695","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42345058"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.5812/ijem.43695"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28835764"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q42345058"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/anti-inflammatory-effects-of-curcumin-on-insulin-resistance-index-levels-of-inte-recopzrjti1cthkwf/","name":"Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Curcumin on Insulin Resistance Index, Levels of Interleukin-6, C-Reactive Protein, and Liver Histology in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome-Induced Rats","headline":"Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Curcumin on Insulin Resistance Index, Levels of Interleukin-6, C-Reactive Protein, and Liver Histology in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome-Induced Rats","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/anti-inflammatory-effects-of-curcumin-on-insulin-resistance-index-levels-of-inte-recopzrjti1cthkwf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Karimzadeh Bardei L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Azita Ghorbani Ghorbani","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Biology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vida Hojati","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Biology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Latifeh Karimzadeh Bardei","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Laboratorys Animal Center and Cellular and Molecular Research Laboratory, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shima Mohammadi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7997-1931","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mohammad Nabiuni","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.Electronic address: devbiokharazmi@gmail.com."}}],"datePublished":"2017-08-25","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: Curcumin protects the liver against injury and fibrosis through suppressing hepatic inflammation, attenuating hepatic oxidative stress (OS), and inhibiting hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are considered as common metabolic disorders. Low-grade chronic inflammation with different markers, such as elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels, play a crucial role in PCOS. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of curcumin on IL-6 and CRP levels as well as insulin resistance (IR) index on liver function in PCOS rats.\n\nMATERIALS AND METHODS: In this experimental study, 90 adult Wistar rats were divided into control (n=18), sham (n=18), PCOS (n=18) and curcumin-treated PCOS groups (n=36). PCOS group was injected subcutaneously with 2 mg estradio-valerate (E2V). After 60 days, PCOS group was treated with curcumin [100 and 300 mg/kg body weight (BW)] for 14 days and anesthetized by chloroform. Blood and liver samples were collected for histological and serological analyses. Data were analyzed using In-Stat 3 via one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).\n\nRESULTS: Histological and serological analyses showed a reduction in number of necrotic cells, IR index, as well as IL-6 and CRP levels in PCOS rats that were treated with various concentrations of curcumin.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: In this study, curcumin decreased liver inflammation by induction of insulin sensitivity and reduction of hepatic necrosis. Therefore, curcumin may be considered as protective factor against inflammatory state of PCOS.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cell Journal"}}},"pageStart":"425","pageEnd":"433","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.22074/cellj.2017.4415","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38610764"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.22074/cellj.2017.4415"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28836404"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38610764"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oxidative-stress-harms-and-benefits-for-human-health-recivbrtbjbbiodnx/","name":"Oxidative Stress: Harms and Benefits for Human Health","headline":"Oxidative Stress: Harms and Benefits for Human Health","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oxidative-stress-harms-and-benefits-for-human-health-recivbrtbjbbiodnx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Federica Mannino","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9976-7150","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Domenica Altavilla","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1033-0527","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vincenzo Arcoraci","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0061-0477","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alessandra Bitto","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9300-7532","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mariapaola Cucinotta","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2568-0447","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Natasha Irrera","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1134-7080","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Giovanni Pallio","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4187-2265","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gabriele Pizzino","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7806-435X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Francesco Squadrito","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8868-0762","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}}],"datePublished":"2017-08-19","abstract":"Oxidative stress is a phenomenon caused by an imbalance between production and accumulation of oxygen reactive species (ROS) in cells and tissues and the ability of a biological system to detoxify these reactive products. ROS can play, and in fact they do it, several physiological roles (i.e., cell signaling), and they are normally generated as by-products of oxygen metabolism; despite this, environmental stressors (i.e., UV, ionizing radiations, pollutants, and heavy metals) and xenobiotics (i.e., antiblastic drugs) contribute to greatly increase ROS production, therefore causing the imbalance that leads to cell and tissue damage (oxidative stress). Several antioxidants have been exploited in recent years for their actual or supposed beneficial effect against oxidative stress, such as vitamin E, flavonoids, and polyphenols. While we tend to describe oxidative stress just as harmful for human body, it is true as well that it is exploited as a therapeutic approach to treat clinical conditions such as cancer, with a certain degree of clinical success. In this review, we will describe the most recent findings in the oxidative stress field, highlighting both its bad and good sides for human health.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2017","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity"}}},"pageStart":"8416763","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/8416763","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41341951"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1155/2017/8416763"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28819546"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41341951"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/breastfeeding-and-breast-cancer-risk-reduction-implications-for-black-mothers-recfegeizww7kxiim/","name":"Breastfeeding and Breast Cancer Risk Reduction: Implications for Black Mothers","headline":"Breastfeeding and Breast Cancer Risk Reduction: Implications for Black Mothers","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/breastfeeding-and-breast-cancer-risk-reduction-implications-for-black-mothers-recfegeizww7kxiim/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Erica H Anstey","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3843-3798","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042twtr12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Meredith L Shoemaker","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1995-6470","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042twtr12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chloe M Barrera","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5494-3755","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042twtr12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Elizabeth O’Neil","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042twtr12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dawn M Holman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8279-1330","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042twtr12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Elizabeth O'Neil","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ashley B Verma","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042twtr12"}}],"datePublished":"2017-08-19","abstract":"Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and a leading cause of death from cancer among U.S. women. Studies have suggested that breastfeeding reduces breast cancer risk among parous women, and there is mounting evidence that this association may differ by subtype such that breastfeeding may be more protective of some invasive breast cancer types. The purpose of this review is to discuss breast cancer disparities in the context of breastfeeding and the implications for black mothers. Black women in the U.S. have lower rates of breastfeeding and nearly twice the rates of triple-negative breast cancer (an aggressive subtype) compared with white women. In addition to individual challenges to breastfeeding, black women may also differentially face contextual barriers such as a lack of social and cultural acceptance in their communities, inadequate support from the healthcare community, and unsupportive work environments. More work is needed to improve the social factors and policies that influence breastfeeding rates at a population level. Such efforts should give special consideration to the needs of black mothers to adequately address disparities in breastfeeding among this group and possibly help reduce breast cancer risk. Interventions such as peer counseling, hospital policy changes, breastfeeding-specific clinic appointments, group prenatal education, and enhanced breastfeeding programs have been shown to be effective in communities of color. A comprehensive approach that integrates interventions across multiple levels and settings may be most successful in helping mothers reach their breastfeeding goals and reducing disparities in breastfeeding and potentially breast cancer incidence.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"53","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3S1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"S40-S46","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2017.04.024","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47736183"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.amepre.2017.04.024"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28818244"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47736183"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-influence-of-d-chiro-inositol-and-d-myo-inositol-in-pregnant-women-with-gluc-recycvwrz3ilcy75g/","name":"The influence of D-chiro-inositol and D-myo-inositol in pregnant women with glucose intolerance","headline":"The influence of D-chiro-inositol and D-myo-inositol in pregnant women with glucose intolerance","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-influence-of-d-chiro-inositol-and-d-myo-inositol-in-pregnant-women-with-gluc-recycvwrz3ilcy75g/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Domenico Dell’Edera","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0604-5512","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ospedale Madonna Delle Grazie","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jn32p79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Francesca Sarlo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8552-502X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ospedale Madonna Delle Grazie","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jn32p79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arianna Allegretti","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8724-227X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ospedale Madonna Delle Grazie","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jn32p79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Francesca Simone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5272-9221","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ospedale Madonna Delle Grazie","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jn32p79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria Giovanna Lupo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4236-4414","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ospedale Madonna Delle Grazie","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jn32p79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Domenico Dell'Edera","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Unit of Cytogenetic and Molecular Genetics, 'Madonna delle Grazie' Hospital, 75100 Matera, Italy."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Annunziata Anna Epifania","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ospedale Madonna Delle Grazie","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jn32p79"}}],"datePublished":"2017-08-15","abstract":"The aim of the present study was to demonstrate that the use of inositol and folic acid from the first trimester of pregnancy, counteracts the onset of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in women at risk, preserving the infants from macrosomia, hypoglycemia and preterm delivery. The authors collected data from the pregnant women at the laboratory (Unit of Cytogenic and Molecular Genetics), from January 2014 to April 2016, all with first trimester fasting plasma glucose (FPG) >92 mg/dl. A total of 40 women were treated with 250 mg/day D-chiro-inositol, 1.75 g/day D-myo-inositol, 12.5 mg/day zinc, 10 mg/day methylsulfonylmethane, 400 µg/day 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid. The other 43 women (control group) were treated with only 400 µg/day folic acid. The primary outcome measure was the incidence of maternal GDM. The secondary outcome measures were the incidence of fetal macrosomia, preterm delivery and neonatal hypoglycemia. At the 24th week of pregnancy, the incidence of maternal GDM was recorded in 18 women in the control group and in 5 women in the treated group [relative risk (RR)=3.35; 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.37-8.17; P=0.0028). A significant difference was observed between treated and control groups in terms of risk of macrosomia. A total of seven infants in the control group, and two in the treated group, weighed >4,000 g (RR=5,12; 95% CI=1.21-21.68; P=0.0099). No significant difference was identified between two groups, regarding the other two secondary outcomes, neonatal hypoglycemia (RR=4.650; 95% CI=0.57-38.11; P=0.1086) and preterm delivery (RR=1.74; 95% CI=0.83-3.66; P=0.1301). The current study demonstrated the potential benefit of supplementation with the association of D-chiro-inositol and D-myo-inositol in pregnant 'at risk' women, with first trimester FPG >92 mg/dl, in preventing the onset of maternal GDM and macrosomia in newborns.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Biomedical Reports"}}},"pageStart":"169","pageEnd":"172","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2017.939","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38626565"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3892/br.2017.939"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28804631"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38626565"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/folate-homocysteine-and-the-ovarian-cycle-among-healthy-regularly-menstruating-women-recw2bwqv5oavqbig/","name":"Folate, homocysteine and the ovarian cycle among healthy regularly menstruating women","headline":"Folate, homocysteine and the ovarian cycle among healthy regularly menstruating women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/folate-homocysteine-and-the-ovarian-cycle-among-healthy-regularly-menstruating-women-recw2bwqv5oavqbig/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"James L Mills","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4955-4384","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ninewells Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/039c6rk82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Audrey J Gaskins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0812-7439","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia. Electronic address: Audrey.jane.gaskins@emory.edu.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Keewan Kim","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7171-3487","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ellen N Chaljub","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kara A Michels","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2431-2079","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Torie Comeaux Plowden","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9086-2947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindsey A Sjaarda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0539-8110","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Wactawski-Wende","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3096-9595","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Edwina H Yeung","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3851-2613","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}}],"datePublished":"2017-08-01","abstract":"Study Question: How are concentrations of plasma homocysteine and serum folate associated with reproductive hormones and anovulation in regularly menstruating women?\n\nSummary Answer: Higher homocysteine was associated with sporadic anovulation and hormonal changes that may be indicative of impaired ovulatory function, but higher serum folate was associated only with higher luteal phase progesterone.\n\nWhat Is Known Already: Higher folate levels as well as some variants in genes relevant to one-carbon metabolism, are associated with improved reproductive outcomes and responses to fertility treatment, but only a few small studies have explored the relationship between markers of one-carbon metabolism and menstrual cycle characteristics.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, Duration: The BioCycle Study (2005-2007) is a prospective, longitudinal cohort of 259 regularly menstruating women not using hormonal contraceptives or dietary supplements who were followed for up to two menstrual cycles. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING,\n\nMethods: Serum folate and reproductive hormones were measured up to eight times per cycle and plasma homocysteine up to three times. Linear mixed models were used to estimate associations between serum folate or plasma homocysteine and log-transformed reproductive hormone levels while accounting for multiple observations and cycles per woman. Generalized estimating equations were used to examine risk of sporadic anovulation. All models were adjusted for age, race, body mass index, cigarette and alcohol use, and energy and fiber intake.\n\nMain Results and the Role of Chance: Higher plasma homocysteine concentrations were associated with lower total estradiol across the cycle (adjusted percent change per unit increase in homocysteine [aPC] -2.3%, 95% CI: -4.2, -0.03), higher follicle stimulating hormone around the time of expected ovulation (aPC 2.4%, 95% CI: 0.2, 4.7) and lower luteal phase progesterone (aPC -6.5%, 95% CI: -11.1, -1.8). Higher serum folate concentrations were associated with higher luteal phase progesterone (aPC per unit increase in folate 1.0%, 95% CI: 0.4, 1.6). Higher homocysteine concentrations at expected ovulation were associated with a 33% increased risk of sporadic anovulation. We observed no risk associated with decreased folate concentrations, but a higher ratio of folate to homocysteine at ovulation was associated with a 10% decreased risk of anovulation.\n\nLIMITATIONS, Reasons for Caution: Our results are generalizable to healthy women with adequate serum folate levels. The independent influence of homocysteine should be confirmed in larger cohorts and among women with folate deficiency or increased risks of anovulation. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: If these findings are confirmed, it is possible that lowering homocysteine with B-vitamins through diet or supplementation could improve ovulatory function in some women. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S): This work was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health (Contract numbers: HHSN275200403394C, HHSN275201100002I and Task one HHSN27500001). None of the authors has any conflicts of interest to disclose.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1743","pageEnd":"1750","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dex233","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40064829"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/dex233"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28854586"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40064829"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/higher-prevalence-of-chronic-endometritis-in-women-with-endometriosis-uphytyme/","name":"Higher prevalence of chronic endometritis in women with endometriosis: a possible etiopathogenetic link","headline":"Higher prevalence of chronic endometritis in women with endometriosis: a possible etiopathogenetic link","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/higher-prevalence-of-chronic-endometritis-in-women-with-endometriosis-uphytyme/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ettore Cicinelli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2390-4582","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Human Oncologic Science, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027ynra39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Giuseppe Trojano","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8737-9943","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ospedale Madonna Delle Grazie","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jn32p79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mastromauro M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vimercati A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marco Marinaccio","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9732-2246","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027ynra39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mitola PC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leonardo Resta","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4335-4776","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027ynra39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dominique De Ziegler","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2513-8220","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mkjjy25"}}],"datePublished":"2017-08-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between endometriosis end chronic endometritis (CE) diagnosed by hysteroscopy, conventional histology, and immunohistochemistry.\n\nDESIGN: Case-control study.\n\nSETTING: University hospital.\n\nPATIENT(S): Women with and without endometriosis who have undergone hysterectomy.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Retrospective evaluation of 78 women who have undergone hysterectomy and were affected by endometriosis and 78 women without endometriosis.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): CE diagnosed based on conventional histology and immunohistochemistry with anti-syndecan-1 antibodies to identify CD138 cells.\n\nRESULT(S): The prevalence of CE was statistically significantly higher in the women with endometriosis as compared with the women who did not have endometriosis (33 of 78, 42.3% vs. 12 of 78, 15.4% according to hysteroscopy; and 30 of 78, 38.5% vs. 11 of 78, 14.1% according to histology). The women were divided into two groups, 115 patients without CE and 41 patients with CE. With univariate analysis, parity was associated with a lower risk for CE, and endometriosis was associated with a statistically significantly elevated risk of CE. Using multivariate analysis, parity continued to be associated with a lower incidence of CE, whereas endometriosis was associated with a 2.7 fold higher risk.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): The diagnosis of CE is more frequent in women with endometriosis. Although no etiologic relationships between CE and endometriosis can be established, this study suggests that CE should be considered and if necessary ruled out in women with endometriosis, particularly if they have abnormal uterine bleeding. Identification and appropriate treatment of CE may avoid unnecessary surgery.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"108","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"289-295.e1","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.05.016","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.05.016"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28624114"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparative-analysis-of-the-radiology-of-osteoporotic-vertebral-fractures-in-wom-recdokhdsml3ne7ad/","name":"Comparative Analysis of the Radiology of Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures in  Women and Men: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Observations from the Canadian  Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos)","headline":"Comparative Analysis of the Radiology of Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures in  Women and Men: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Observations from the Canadian  Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparative-analysis-of-the-radiology-of-osteoporotic-vertebral-fractures-in-wom-recdokhdsml3ne7ad/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brian C Lentle, Claudie Berger, Linda Probyn, Jacques P Brown, Lisa Langsetmo, Ben Fine, Kevin Lian, Arvind K Shergill, Jacques Trollip, Stuart Jackson, William D Leslie, Jerilynn C Prior, Stephanie M Kaiser, David A Hanley, Jonathan D Adachi, Tanveer Towheed, K Shawn Davison, Angela M Cheung, David Goltzman"}],"datePublished":"2017-07-20","abstract":"We compared two methods for osteoporotic vertebral fracture (VF) assessment on lateral spine radiographs, the Genant semiquantitative (GSQ) technique and a modified algorithm-based qualitative (mABQ) approach. We evaluated 4465 women and 1771 men aged ≥50 years from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study with available X-ray images at baseline. Observer agreement was lowest for grade 1 VFs determined by GSQ. Among physician readers, agreement was greater for VFs diagnosed by mABQ (ranging from 0.62 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.00-1.00] to 0.88 [0.76-1.00]) than by GSQ (ranging from 0.38 [0.17-0.60] to 0.69 [0.54-0.85]). GSQ VF prevalence (16.4% [95% CI 15.4-17.4]) and incidence (10.2/1000 person-years [9.2; 11.2]) were higher than with the mABQ method (prevalence 6.7% [6.1-7.4] and incidence 6.3/1000 person-years [5.5-7.1]). Women had more prevalent and incident VFs relative to men as defined by mABQ but not as defined by GSQ. Prevalent GSQ VFs were predominantly found in the mid-thoracic spine, whereas prevalent mABQ and incident VFs by both methods co-localized to the junction of the thoracic and lumbar spine. Prevalent mABQ VFs compared with GSQ VFs were more highly associated with reduced adjusted L(1) to L(4) bone mineral density (BMD) (-0.065 g/cm(2) [-0.087 to -0.042]), femoral neck BMD (-0.051 g/cm(2) [-0.065 to -0.036]), and total hip BMD (-0.059 g/cm(2) [-0.076 to -0.041]). Prevalent mABQ VFs compared with prevalent GSQ were also more highly associated with incident VF by GSQ (odds ratio [OR] = 3.3 [2.2-5.0]), incident VF by mABQ (9.0 [5.3-15.3]), and incident non-vertebral major osteoporotic fractures (1.9 [1.2-3.0]). Grade 1 mABQ VFs, but not grade 1 GSQ VFs, were associated with incident non-vertebral major osteoporotic fractures (OR = 3.0 [1.4-6.5]). We conclude that defining VF by mABQ is preferred to the use of GSQ for clinical assessments.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"33","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Bone and Mineral Research : the Official Journal of the American  Society for Bone and Mineral Research"}}},"pageStart":"569","pageEnd":"579","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.3222","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40116921"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/jbmr.3222"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28722766"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40116921"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-of-diabetes-according-to-male-factor-infertility-a-registerbased-cohort-stu-kkxq1ots/","name":"Risk of diabetes according to male factor infertility: a register-based cohort study","headline":"Risk of diabetes according to male factor infertility: a register-based cohort study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-of-diabetes-according-to-male-factor-infertility-a-registerbased-cohort-stu-kkxq1ots/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Glazer CH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Bonde","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8181-3673","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aarhus University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040r8fr65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Giwercman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rigshospitalet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mchdq19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vassard D","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6298-4146"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anja Pinborg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8340-104X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hvidovre Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00edrn755"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lone Schmidt","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0372-9388","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035b05819"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vaclavik Bräuner E"}],"datePublished":"2017-07-01","abstract":"STUDY QUESTION: Is male factor infertility associated with an increased risk of developing diabetes?\n\nSUMMARY ANSWER: The study provides evidence that male factor infertility may predict later occurrence of diabetes mellitus with the risk being related to the severity of the underlying fertility problem.\n\nWHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Previous cross-sectional studies have shown an increased prevalence of comorbidities among infertile men when compared to controls.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: In this prospective cohort study, 39 516 men who had since 1994 undergone fertility treatment with their female partner were identified from the Danish national IVF register, which includes data on assumed cause of couple infertility (male/female factor, mixed and unexplained infertility) and type of fertility treatment. With a median follow-up time of 5.6 years, each man was followed for diabetes occurrence from enrollment until 31 December 2012 using the National Diabetes Register (NDR). Men with a history of diabetes prior to their fertility diagnosis were excluded. Hazard ratios (HR) were estimated by Cox proportional hazard models with age as the underlying time scale. In addition to analyzing the data for the entire IVF registration period (1994-2012), separate analyses were performed for men identified from the first (1994-2005) and second (2006-2012) IVF registration period owing to heterogeneity in the reporting of male factor infertility in these two time periods, because the reason for male factor infertility was not available from the first register.\n\nPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: Male factor infertility was identified from the variable 'yes' or 'no' from the first IVF register and through a diagnosis code (e.g. oligospermia, azoospermia) from the second IVF register. The reference group was men with male factor infertility (='no') and those with normal semen quality or sterilized men. Of the included men, 18 499 (46.8%) had male factor infertility and 21 017 (53.2%) made up the reference group.\n\nMAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: A total of 651 (1.6%) diabetes cases were identified during the follow-up period. The adjusted HR's for diabetes risk among men with male factor infertility when compared to the reference group were HR = 1.08 (95% CI: 0.89, 1.31) and HR = 1.45 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.97) for the first and second IVF registration period, respectively. When assessing the effects of individual causes of male factor infertility, the adjusted HR's for men with oligospermia, azoospermia and aspermia were HR = 1.44 (95% CI: 1.01, 2.06), HR = 2.10 (95% 1.25, 3.56) and HR = 3.20 (95% CI 1.00, 10.31), respectively.\n\nLIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: We found no increased risk among men identified from the first IVF register, which may be related to exposure misclassification as the reason for male factor infertility was not available from this time period. The NDR does not distinguish between type 1 and type 2 diabetes.\n\nWIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: These findings support previous studies that a man's reproductive and somatic health are closely intertwined and highlight the importance for further monitoring of these men. Further, implementation of diabetes screening may be especially relevant among aspermic and azoospermic men.\n\nSTUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS: This article is part of the ReproUnion collaborative study, co-financed by the European Union, Intereg V Öresund-Kattegat-Skagerrak. None of the authors declare any conflict of interest.\n\nTRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: None.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1474","pageEnd":"1481","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dex097","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38795607"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/dex097"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28486688"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38795607"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/2017-lujykxa6/","name":"Endométriose et fausse couche spontanée. Méta-analyse et revue systématique de la littérature","headline":"Endométriose et fausse couche spontanée. Méta-analyse et revue systématique de la littérature","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/2017-lujykxa6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Minebois H","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0760-1450"},{"@type":"Person","name":"De Souza A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mezan de Malartic C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Agopiantz M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5192-8923"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Guillet May F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Morel O","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6359-1328"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Callec R"}],"datePublished":"2017-07-01","abstract":"Objectives: In spontaneous pregnancies, endometriosis appears to be a risk factor of miscarriage. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between endometriosis and miscarriage in spontaneous pregnancy.\n\nMethods: We searched the Cochrane Library, Medline of eligible studies from inception to December 2016, without any restriction. We selected studies that compared endometriosis-affected pregnant women to disease-free pregnant women. To ensure the quality of the methodology, the PRISMA criteria have been met at all stages of the development of this meta-analysis. The primary adverse pregnancy outcomes studied was miscarriage. Three reviewers independently extracted the studies' characteristics and outcome data.\n\nResults: Of 225 identified abstracts, 4 primary studies met our inclusion criteria by comparing spontaneous pregnant patients with endometriosis to disease-free women. Miscarriage rate was higher in the endometriosis group (OR 1.77 [CI 95% 1.13-2.78]).\n\nConclusion: In spontaneous pregnancies, endometriosis appears to be a risk factor of miscarriages (almost 80% increased risk). Further prospective studies are needed to confirm these results in order to establish the exact impact of endometriosis on spontaneous pregnancy course.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"45","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7-8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Gynécologie Obstétrique Fertilité &amp; Sénologie "}}},"pageStart":"393","pageEnd":"399","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gofs.2017.06.003","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61838264"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.gofs.2017.06.003"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q61838264"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-menstrual-cycle-and-contraceptives-on-acl-injuries-and-laxity-a-sy-tsby1uin/","name":"The Effect of Menstrual Cycle and Contraceptives on ACL Injuries and Laxity: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","headline":"The Effect of Menstrual Cycle and Contraceptives on ACL Injuries and Laxity: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-menstrual-cycle-and-contraceptives-on-acl-injuries-and-laxity-a-sy-tsby1uin/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Herzberg SD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Motu'apuaka ML"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lambert W"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fu R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brady J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Guise JM"}],"datePublished":"2017-07-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Women are at substantially greater risk for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries than are men.\n\nPURPOSE: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature to clarify the effect of the menstrual cycle and contraceptives on the laxity of and noncontact injuries to the ACL.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4.\n\nMETHODS: Searches were conducted using MEDLINE (1946-August 2016), the Cochrane Library Database, clinical trial registries, and related reference lists. Search terms included athletic injuries, knee injuries, ligaments, joint instability, menstrual cycle, ovulation, hormones, and contraceptives. Investigators independently dually abstracted and reviewed study details and quality using predefined criteria and evaluated overall strength of evidence using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) criteria.\n\nRESULTS: Twenty-one studies totaling 68,758 participants were included: 5 on the menstrual cycle and ACL injury, 7 on hormonal contraceptives and ACL injury, as well as 13 on menstrual cycle and ligament laxity. Four of 5 studies of women not using hormonal contraception indicated that the luteal phase was the least associated with ACL injuries. The 2 largest and highest quality studies on hormonal contraceptives suggested that hormonal contraceptives may be protective against ACL injury. Six of 12 studies on ACL laxity provided quantitative data for meta-analysis, finding significantly increased laxity during the ovulatory phase compared with the follicular phase.\n\nCONCLUSION: The literature suggests an association between hormonal fluctuations and ACL injury. Recent studies have suggested that oral contraceptives may offer up to a 20% reduction in risk of injury. The literature on ACL injuries and the menstrual cycle has more than doubled over the past decade, permitting quantitative analysis for the first time. However, the overall strength of this evidence is low. Promising potential directions for future research include long-term observational studies with ongoing hormonal assays and large interventional trials of follicular suppression, including newer hormonal methods.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine"}}},"pageStart":"2325967117718781","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/2325967117718781","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38631298"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/2325967117718781"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28795075"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38631298"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-artemether-lumefantrine-on-womens-reproductive-cycle-results-recv6u1jm4ju2qpng/","name":"Effect of Artemether Lumefantrine on Women's Reproductive Cycle: Results","headline":"Effect of Artemether Lumefantrine on Women's Reproductive Cycle: Results","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-artemether-lumefantrine-on-womens-reproductive-cycle-results-recv6u1jm4ju2qpng/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Achebe, Francis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Salem University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056e30g48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"FrancisUdoka Achebe"}],"datePublished":"2017-07-01","abstract":"Background: Malaria is prevalent in Nigeria, and artemether + lumefantrine (artemisinin-based combination therapy [ACT]) is drug of choice in treatment of uncomplicated cases. ACT is contraindicated in early pregnancy. They release-free radicals that can compromise female fertility. Infertility and its associated complications such as miscarriages, abnormal gestation, and unstable marriages seem to be on the increase. This study aims at evaluating the effect of ACT on female fertility. The significance of this research is to draw the attention of fertility care givers to this possible cause of infertility and fertility challenges. Subjects and\n\nMethods: Creighton Model FertilityCare System and NaProTECHNOLOGY are simply technologies that can be used to assess female fertility. They are used in this study to assess the effect of ACT administered at different stages of menstrual cycles of three selected fertile adult females. The results are interpreted on the background of standard Creighton model chart.\n\nResults: This study has shown that ACT has a significant fertility deteriorating effect on the women. It caused ovulation defect and diagnosed as partial rupture syndrome in the very cycle of use and in the first cycle after use. It also significantly reduced cervical mucus production and significantly reduced luteal phase progesterone production with an associated significant increase of luteal phase estrogen production.\n\nConclusion: ACT use as antimalarial may be a possible cause of infertility and fertility challenges in women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Afrischolar Discovery"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.60787/njgp.v15i2.121","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.60787/njgp.v15i2.121"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/troska-o-zdrowie-prokreacyjne-w-naprotechnologii-formą-budowania-nowej-kultury-ż-recix97yf60zjwehp/","name":"Troska o zdrowie prokreacyjne w naprotechnologii ─ formą budowania nowej kultury życia ludzkiego","headline":"Troska o zdrowie prokreacyjne w naprotechnologii ─ formą budowania nowej kultury życia ludzkiego","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/troska-o-zdrowie-prokreacyjne-w-naprotechnologii-formą-budowania-nowej-kultury-ż-recix97yf60zjwehp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bożena BB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bożena Bassa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7036-1106","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05sdyjv16"}}],"datePublished":"2017-06-30","abstract":"NaProTECHNOLOGY is a new field of medicine specializing in the promotion of human procreation. Its foundation is a teaching system called the Creighton Model Fertility Care System. It is based on the ability to observe and record biological biomarkers, enabling spouses to recognize and understand the naturally occurring cycle of fertility and infertility. The spouses can use their acquired knowledge both for achiving pregnancy and avoiding pregnancy. The system also enables them to broaden their knowledge to better understand sexuality and deepen their mutual love. It also plays an important role in diagnosing and treating reproductive health according to the natural cycle of women. NaProTECHNOLOGY is involved in building a \"new culture of life\" through integral concern for human fertility by restoring natural procreation and respecting the principles of responsible parenthood.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2(22)","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Teologia i Moralność"}}},"pageStart":"113","pageEnd":"126","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.14746/tim.2017.22.2.7","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.14746/tim.2017.22.2.7"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/environmental-contaminants-affecting-fertility-and-somatic-health-recxkay8dbz3dwi8i/","name":"Environmental Contaminants Affecting Fertility and Somatic Health","headline":"Environmental Contaminants Affecting Fertility and Somatic Health","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/environmental-contaminants-affecting-fertility-and-somatic-health-recxkay8dbz3dwi8i/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Catheryne Chiang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5872-3581","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047426m28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jodi A Flaws","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5579-9268","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047426m28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sharada Mahalingam","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7239-4553","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047426m28"}}],"datePublished":"2017-06-29","abstract":"This review article summarizes the epidemiological findings published between 2011 and 2016 concerning bisphenol A (BPA), phthalates, dioxins, pesticides, air pollution, fracking chemicals, triclosan, and parabens and fertility parameters in men (i.e., semen volume, sperm concentration, sperm motility, and sperm morphology) as well as fertility parameters in women (i.e., cyclicity, fertility treatment outcomes), pregnancy outcomes (i.e., preterm birth,miscarriage), and reproductive disorders (i.e., polycystic ovary syndrome, endometriosis, and uterine fibroids). Overall, this review indicates that several environmental toxicants are significantly associated with reduced fertility parameters in men and women as well as several reproductive disorders in women. Although many studies reported that the selected exposures are associated with adverse fertility outcomes, several studies reported null associations. Thus, future studies are still needed to better elucidate the associations and potential mechanisms between these environmental chemicals and fertility outcomes in men and women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"35","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Seminars in Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"241","pageEnd":"249","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1603569","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88408645"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1055/s-0037-1603569"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28658707"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q88408645"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/aspirin-versus-placebo-in-pregnancies-at-high-risk-for-preterm-preeclampsia-recefikxlgamwh0df/","name":"Aspirin versus Placebo in Pregnancies at High Risk for Preterm Preeclampsia","headline":"Aspirin versus Placebo in Pregnancies at High Risk for Preterm Preeclampsia","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/aspirin-versus-placebo-in-pregnancies-at-high-risk-for-preterm-preeclampsia-recefikxlgamwh0df/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rolnik DL, Wright D, Poon LC, O'Gorman N, Syngelaki A, de Paco Matallana C, Akolekar R, Cicero S, Janga D, Singh M, Molina FS, Persico N, Jani JC, Plasencia W, Papaioannou G, Tenenbaum-Gavish K, Meiri H, Gizurarson S, Maclagan K, Nicolaides KH"}],"datePublished":"2017-06-29","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Preterm preeclampsia is an important cause of maternal and perinatal death and complications. It is uncertain whether the intake of low-dose aspirin during pregnancy reduces the risk of preterm preeclampsia.\n\nMETHODS: In this multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we randomly assigned 1776 women with singleton pregnancies who were at high risk for preterm preeclampsia to receive aspirin, at a dose of 150 mg per day, or placebo from 11 to 14 weeks of gestation until 36 weeks of gestation. The primary outcome was delivery with preeclampsia before 37 weeks of gestation. The analysis was performed according to the intention-to-treat principle.\n\nRESULTS: A total of 152 women withdrew consent during the trial, and 4 were lost to follow up, which left 798 participants in the aspirin group and 822 in the placebo group. Preterm preeclampsia occurred in 13 participants (1.6%) in the aspirin group, as compared with 35 (4.3%) in the placebo group (odds ratio in the aspirin group, 0.38; 95% confidence interval, 0.20 to 0.74; P=0.004). Results were materially unchanged in a sensitivity analysis that took into account participants who had withdrawn or were lost to follow-up. Adherence was good, with a reported intake of 85% or more of the required number of tablets in 79.9% of the participants. There were no significant between-group differences in the incidence of neonatal adverse outcomes or other adverse events.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Treatment with low-dose aspirin in women at high risk for preterm preeclampsia resulted in a lower incidence of this diagnosis than placebo. (Funded by the European Union Seventh Framework Program and the Fetal Medicine Foundation; EudraCT number, 2013-003778-29 ; Current Controlled Trials number, ISRCTN13633058 .).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"377","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"613","pageEnd":"622","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1704559","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40142875"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJMoa1704559"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28657417"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40142875"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/medical-students-knowledge-of-fertility-awareness-based-methods-of-family-planni-reczani8qgnsleno5/","name":"Medical Students' Knowledge of Fertility Awareness-Based Methods of Family Planning","headline":"Medical Students' Knowledge of Fertility Awareness-Based Methods of Family Planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/medical-students-knowledge-of-fertility-awareness-based-methods-of-family-planni-reczani8qgnsleno5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Laura M Covert","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mercy Clinic Neurology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002r82k07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peter G Danis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mercy Clinic Neurology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002r82k07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sally A Kurz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sisters of Mercy Health System","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024zq6d87"}}],"datePublished":"2017-06-18","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: Traditional medical school curricula have not addressed fertility awareness-based methods (FABMs) of family planning. The objective of this study was to assess (1) 3-year medical students' knowledge of FABMs of family planning, (2) their confidence in utilizing that knowledge in patient care, and (3) to implement focused education on FABMs to improve knowledge and confidence.\n\nMETHODS: Third-year medical students at one institution in the United States were given a 10-question assessment at the beginning of their OB-GYN rotation. Two lectures about FABMs and their clinical applications were given during the rotation. Students were given the same questions at the end of the rotation. Each questionnaire consisted of eight questions to assess a student's knowledge of FABMs and two questions to assess the student's confidence in sharing and utilizing that information in a clinical setting. McNemar's test was used to analyze the data.\n\nRESULTS: Two hundred seventy-seven students completed a pretest questionnaire and 196 students completed the posttest questionnaire. Medical knowledge improved from an initial test score of 38.99% to final test score of 53.57% (p < 0.05). Confidence in sharing FABM information with patients (0 = very uncomfortable; 5 = very comfortable) improved from 1.51 to 3.00 (p < 0.05). Confidence in utilizing FABM to diagnose and treat gynecologic/reproductive problems (0 = not very confident and 5 = very confident) improved from 1.01 to 3.15 (p < 0.05).\n\nCONCLUSION: Medical schools may not include FABMs in OB-GYN curriculum; however, to patients, these methods remain a sought after and valid form of family planning. This study shows that brief, focused education can increase medical students' knowledge of and confidence with FABMs of family planning.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Medicine"}},"pageStart":"65","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2017.00065","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33747332"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fmed.2017.00065"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28620604"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33747332"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/competing-factors-link-to-bone-health-in-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-chronic-low-g-recffdf7puwohkzj4/","name":"Competing Factors Link to Bone Health in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Chronic  Low-Grade Inflammation Takes a Toll","headline":"Competing Factors Link to Bone Health in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Chronic  Low-Grade Inflammation Takes a Toll","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/competing-factors-link-to-bone-health-in-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-chronic-low-g-recffdf7puwohkzj4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Shirin Kalyan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7458-0832","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Coastal Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bd8jh67"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Millan S Patel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1835-8038","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elaine Kingwell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1956-1700","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Coastal Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bd8jh67"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hélène C F Côté","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0399-5141","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Health Research Institute, H214-4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia V6H 3N1, Canada; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Rm. G227 - 2211 Wesb...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0455vfz21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Danmei Liu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0810-108X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2017-06-15","abstract":"Chronic inflammation predisposes to poor bone health. Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) experience androgen excess, ovulatory disturbances, insulin resistance, abdominal adiposity and chronic inflammation. Our objective was to investigate the relationships among bone health parameters, chronic subclinical inflammation and anthropometric measures in premenopausal women with and without PCOS. In 61 premenopausal women, 22 women with PCOS and 39 controls, we assessed bone parameters (total hip bone mineral density [BMD] by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and radius strength-strain index [SSI] by peripheral quantitative computed tomography), inflammation (C-reactive protein/albumin), oxidative stress (leukocyte telomere length, urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine); hemoglobin A1c; anthropometric measures (body mass index, waist-to-height ratio, cross-sectional muscle area). A diagnosis of PCOS negatively predicted (beta = -0.251, p = 0.022) hip BMD in a regression model including weight. In women with PCOS, inflammation, which was predicted by increased waist-to-height ratio and current use of oral contraceptives, attenuated the positive influences of increased weight and muscle mass on bone strength and was inversely associated with radial SSI (R(2) = 0.25, p = 0.018). In conclusion, chronic subclinical inflammation may negatively impact bone physiology in women with PCOS. Strategies focused on reducing abdominal adiposity and avoiding medications that increase inflammation may counter this effect.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Scientific Reports"}}},"pageStart":"3432","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-03685-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33794152"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/s41598-017-03685-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28611442"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33794152"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effectiveness-of-an-online-natural-family-planning-program-for-breastfeeding-wom-recj6doddup8xwwm3/","name":"Effectiveness of an Online Natural Family Planning Program for Breastfeeding  Women","headline":"Effectiveness of an Online Natural Family Planning Program for Breastfeeding  Women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effectiveness-of-an-online-natural-family-planning-program-for-breastfeeding-wom-recj6doddup8xwwm3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Schneider","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8090-4971","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas P Bouchard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5774-0286","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Calgary","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39"}}],"datePublished":"2017-06-07","abstract":"Objective: To analyze the effectiveness of an online, nurse-managed natural family planning (NFP) program among breastfeeding women and subgroups of these women.\nDesign: Longitudinal comparative cohort study.\nSetting: A university-based online NFP education program and menstrual cycle charting system.\n\nParticipants: Women (N = 816) with a mean age of 30.3 years (standard deviation = 4.5) who registered to use the online NFP system and indicated they were breastfeeding.\n\nMethods: Participants tracked their fertile times with an electronic hormone fertility monitor (EHFM), cervical mucus monitoring, or both. All unintended pregnancies were evaluated by professional nurses.\n\nResults: The correct use pregnancy rates were 3 per 100 users over 12 cycles of use, and typical rates were 14 per 100 at 12 cycles of use. At 12 cycles of use, total pregnancy rates were 16 per 100 for electronic hormone fertility monitor users (n = 380), 81 per 100 among mucus-only users (n = 45), and 14 per 100 for electronic hormone fertility monitor plus mucus users (n = 391).\n\nConclusion: Use of a nurse-managed online NFP program for women can be effective to help women avoid pregnancy while breastfeeding, especially with correct and consistent use.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"46","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Neonatal Nursing : JOGNN"}}},"pageStart":"e129-e137","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jogn.2017.03.010","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47353886"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jogn.2017.03.010"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28586636"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47353886"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-treatment-is-associated-with-stay-in-the-neonatal-intensive-care-unit--rec95pcvy1wytajxx/","name":"Fertility Treatment Is Associated with Stay in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit  and Respiratory Support in Late Preterm Infants","headline":"Fertility Treatment Is Associated with Stay in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit  and Respiratory Support in Late Preterm Infants","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-treatment-is-associated-with-stay-in-the-neonatal-intensive-care-unit--rec95pcvy1wytajxx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Erica T. Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4750-8018","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pammg90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lauren W Sundheimer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2530-5324","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA; UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cara Quant","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2496-8951","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pammg90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Margareta D Pisarska","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1096-6506","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Los Angeles","sameAs":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Charles F Simmons","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pammg90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carla Spades","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pammg90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2800-0382","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital for Sick Children","sameAs":"https://ror.org/057q4rt57"}}],"datePublished":"2017-06-05","abstract":"Late preterm infants are at risk for short-term morbidities. We report that late preterm singletons conceived with fertility treatment have increased risk for admission to the neonatal intensive care unit and respiratory support compared with spontaneously conceived infants. Fertility treatment may be a risk factor to consider in managing late preterm infants.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"187","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Pediatrics"}},"pageStart":"309","pageEnd":"312","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.05.020","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47872709"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.05.020"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28578160"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47872709"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-resistance-in-endometriosis-origins-consequences-and-interventions-eqc6wqun/","name":"Progesterone resistance in endometriosis: origins, consequences and interventions","headline":"Progesterone resistance in endometriosis: origins, consequences and interventions","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-resistance-in-endometriosis-origins-consequences-and-interventions-eqc6wqun/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Patel BG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rudnicki M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5115-1445"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jingjing Yu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0077-9301","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fujian University of Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03c8fdb16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shu Y"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert N Taylor","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1423-6351","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility (Drs. Peterson and Taylor), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2017-06-01","abstract":"Endometriosis is a common cause of pelvic pain and affects up to 10% of women of reproductive age. Aberrant progesterone signaling in the endometrium plays a significant role in impaired decidualization and establishment of ectopic endometrial implants. Eutopic endometrial cells from women with endometriosis fail to downregulate genes needed for decidualization, such as those involved in cell cycle regulation, leading to unbridled proliferation. Several causes of progesterone resistance in the endometrium have been postulated, including congenital \"preconditioning\", whereby the in utero environment renders infants susceptible to neonatal uterine bleeding and endometriosis. Progesterone action is crucial to decreasing inflammation in the endometrium, and deviant progesterone signaling results in a proinflammatory phenotype. Conversely, chronic inflammation can induce a progesterone-resistant state. Repetitive retrograde endometrial shedding begets chronic peritoneal inflammation, which further exacerbates progesterone resistance. Genetic causes of progesterone resistance include progesterone receptor gene polymorphisms, altered microRNA expression, and epigenetic modifications to progesterone receptors and their targets. Environmental toxins such as dioxin play a possible role in the genesis of endometriosis by permitting an inflammatory milieu. A consequence of impaired progesterone action is that hormonal therapy is rendered ineffective for a subset of women with endometriosis. Synthetic progestins, such as dienogest, may overcome this phenomenon by increasing progesterone receptor expression and decreasing proinflammatory cytokines. Other modalities include high dose depot formulations of progestins, medicated intrauterine devices and the likely advent of oral GnRH antagonists. Unearthing root causes of progesterone inaction in endometriosis will aid in the development of novel therapeutics geared toward prevention and treatment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"96","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica"}}},"pageStart":"623","pageEnd":"632","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/aogs.13156","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39250801"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/aogs.13156"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28423456"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39250801"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/exposure-to-endocrine-disruptors-during-adulthood-consequences-for-female-fertil-ewhkbj4i/","name":"Exposure to endocrine disruptors during adulthood: consequences for female fertility","headline":"Exposure to endocrine disruptors during adulthood: consequences for female fertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/exposure-to-endocrine-disruptors-during-adulthood-consequences-for-female-fertil-ewhkbj4i/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rattan S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Can-quan Zhou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4826-3200","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sun Yat-sen University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0064kty71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Catheryne Chiang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5872-3581","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047426m28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sharada Mahalingam","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7239-4553","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047426m28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brehm E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jodi A Flaws","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5579-9268","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047426m28"}}],"datePublished":"2017-06-01","abstract":"Endocrine disrupting chemicals are ubiquitous chemicals that exhibit endocrine disrupting properties in both humans and animals. Female reproduction is an important process, which is regulated by hormones and is susceptible to the effects of exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals. Disruptions in female reproductive functions by endocrine disrupting chemicals may result in subfertility, infertility, improper hormone production, estrous and menstrual cycle abnormalities, anovulation, and early reproductive senescence. This review summarizes the effects of a variety of synthetic endocrine disrupting chemicals on fertility during adult life. The chemicals covered in this review are pesticides (organochlorines, organophosphates, carbamates, pyrethroids, and triazines), heavy metals (arsenic, lead, and mercury), diethylstilbesterol, plasticizer alternatives (di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and bisphenol A alternatives), 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, nonylphenol, polychlorinated biphenyls, triclosan, and parabens. This review focuses on the hypothalamus, pituitary, ovary, and uterus because together they regulate normal female fertility and the onset of reproductive senescence. The literature shows that several endocrine disrupting chemicals have endocrine disrupting abilities in females during adult life, causing fertility abnormalities in both humans and animals.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"233","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"R109-R129","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1530/joe-17-0023","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1530/joe-17-0023"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/elevated-progesterone-and-its-impact-on-birth-weight-after-fresh-embryo-transfer-bnbyhcds/","name":"Elevated progesterone and its impact on birth weight after fresh embryo transfers","headline":"Elevated progesterone and its impact on birth weight after fresh embryo transfers","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/elevated-progesterone-and-its-impact-on-birth-weight-after-fresh-embryo-transfer-bnbyhcds/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ibrahim Y"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Haviland MJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michele R. Hacker","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-9991"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alan S. Penzias","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7160-494X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thornton KL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Denny Sakkas"}],"datePublished":"2017-06-01","abstract":"PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to examine the association between serum progesterone levels on the day of hCG administration and birth weight among singleton live births after fresh embryo transfer.\n\nMETHODS: This study was conducted as a retrospective cohort database analysis on patients who underwent IVF treatment cycles from January 2004 to April 2012. The study was performed at a University affiliated private infertility practice. All cycles that had achieved a singleton live birth after fresh embryo transfer and for which progesterone was measured on the day of hCG administration were examined. Generalized linear models were used to calculate mean birth weight and z-scores.\n\nRESULTS: We analyzed 817 fresh IVF embryo transfers in which birth weight, gestational age, and progesterone (ng/mL) level on day of hCG administration were documented. While there was a decrease in birth weight as progesterone quartile [≤0.54; >0.54 to ≤0.81; >0.81 to ≤1.17; >1.17 ng/mL] increased, the difference in mean birth weights among the four quartiles was not statistically significant (p = 0.11) after adjusting for maternal age and peak estradiol levels. When dichotomizing based on a serum progesterone considered clinically elevated, cycles with progesterone >2.0 ng/mL had a significantly lower mean singleton birth weight (2860 g (95% CI 2642 g, 3079 g)) compared to cycles with progesterone ≤2.0 ng/mL (3167 g (95% CI 3122 g, 3211 g) p = 0.007)) after adjusting for maternal age and estradiol.\n\nCONCLUSION: We demonstrated that caution should be exercised when performing fresh embryo transfers with elevated progesterone levels and in particular with levels (>2.0 ng/mL) as this may lead to lower birth weight.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"34","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics"}}},"pageStart":"759","pageEnd":"764","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-017-0920-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47220243"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s10815-017-0920-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28417348"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47220243"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-formaldehyde-exposure-and-miscarriage-in-chinese-women-staleus4/","name":"Association between formaldehyde exposure and miscarriage in Chinese women","headline":"Association between formaldehyde exposure and miscarriage in Chinese women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-formaldehyde-exposure-and-miscarriage-in-chinese-women-staleus4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Wanqing Xu","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tufts University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05wvpxv85"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhang, De Wei","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8369-9264"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiqian Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9305-8142","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangdong Province Women and Children Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0493m8x04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dong T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zeng H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qiping Fan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9168-7845","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Clemson University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/037s24f05"}}],"datePublished":"2017-06-01","abstract":"The aim of this study was to assess whether higher plasma formaldehyde concentration existed in women diagnosed with miscarriage and whether it contributed to higher risk of miscarriage in Chinese women.A case-control study was conducted in 118 women with a diagnosed miscarriage at the first trimester and 191 healthy women who delivered at term. Plasma levels of formaldehyde were measured by gas chromatography in conjunction with mass spectrometry after derivatization of the formaldehyde to the pentafluorophenylhydrazone and characteristics of the subjects including age, education level, occupation, family income, home decoration status, and exposure to second-hand smoke were recorded. Logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate the relationship between miscarriage and levels of formaldehyde.Women with miscarriage were comparable to controls in terms of age, education level, occupation, family income, and home decoration status. They were, however, more likely to be exposed to second-hand smoke. Plasma levels of formaldehyde were significantly higher in women with miscarriage (0.0944 ± 0.0105 vs. 0.0239 ± 0.0032 μg/mL, P < .001). Multivariate logistic regression showed that higher level of formaldehyde (odds ratio [OR]: 8.06, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.96-13.09) and exposure to second-hand smoke (OR: 3.60, 95% CI: 1.58-8.20) were independently and significantly associated with higher risk of miscarriage.Plasma levels of formaldehyde were significantly higher in women who were diagnosed with miscarriage than those who delivered at term and higher levels of formaldehyde was an independent risk factor for miscarriage, with higher levels being associated with higher risk of miscarriage.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"96","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"26","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"e7146","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000007146","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33879622"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/md.0000000000007146"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33879622"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dyspareunia-from-large-retained-fetal-bone-diagnosed-by-pelvic-ultrasound-rec9vykucejngbxlb/","name":"Dyspareunia From Large Retained Fetal Bone Diagnosed by Pelvic Ultrasound","headline":"Dyspareunia From Large Retained Fetal Bone Diagnosed by Pelvic Ultrasound","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dyspareunia-from-large-retained-fetal-bone-diagnosed-by-pelvic-ultrasound-rec9vykucejngbxlb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Cara Buskmiller","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1313-1192","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women’s Health, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Diane Petersen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8990-4756","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Mary's Health Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xnecb03"}}],"datePublished":"2017-05-31","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"36","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine : Official Journal of the American Institute of  Ultrasound in Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"2187","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/jum.14263","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48362434"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/jum.14263"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28556357"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q48362434"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oil-based-or-water-based-contrast-for-hysterosalpingography-in-infertile-women-recpikykwmyr7mrti/","name":"Oil-Based or Water-Based Contrast for Hysterosalpingography in Infertile Women","headline":"Oil-Based or Water-Based Contrast for Hysterosalpingography in Infertile Women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oil-based-or-water-based-contrast-for-hysterosalpingography-in-infertile-women-recpikykwmyr7mrti/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dreyer K, van Rijswijk J, Mijatovic V, Goddijn M, Verhoeve HR, van Rooij IAJ, Hoek A, Bourdrez P, Nap AW, Rijnsaardt-Lukassen HGM, Timmerman CCM, Kaplan M, Hooker AB, Gijsen AP, van Golde R, van Heteren CF, Sluijmer AV, de Bruin JP, Smeenk JMJ, de Boer JAM, Scheenjes E, Duijn AEJ, Mozes A, Pelinck MJ, Traas MAF, van Hooff MHA, van Unnik GA, de Koning CH, van Geloven N, Twisk JWR, Hompes PGA, Mol BWJ"}],"datePublished":"2017-05-19","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Pregnancy rates among infertile women have been reported to increase after hysterosalpingography, but it is unclear whether the type of contrast medium used (oil-based or water-soluble contrast) influences this potential therapeutic effect.\n\nMETHODS: We performed a multicenter, randomized trial in 27 hospitals in the Netherlands in which infertile women who were undergoing hysterosalpingography were randomly assigned to undergo this procedure with the use of oil-based or water-based contrast. Subsequently, couples received expectant management or the women underwent intrauterine insemination. The primary outcome was ongoing pregnancy within 6 months after randomization. Outcomes were analyzed according to the intention-to-treat principle.\n\nRESULTS: A total of 1119 women were randomly assigned to hysterosalpingography with oil contrast (557 women) or water contrast (562 women). A total of 220 of 554 women in the oil group (39.7%) and 161 of 554 women in the water group (29.1%) had an ongoing pregnancy (rate ratio, 1.37; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16 to 1.61; P<0.001), and 214 of 552 women in the oil group (38.8%) and 155 of 552 women in the water group (28.1%) had live births (rate ratio, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.17 to 1.64; P<0.001). Rates of adverse events were low and similar in the two groups.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Rates of ongoing pregnancy and live births were higher among women who underwent hysterosalpingography with oil contrast than among women who underwent this procedure with water contrast. (Netherlands Trial Register number, NTR3270 .).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"376","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"2043","pageEnd":"2052","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1612337","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40196943"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJMoa1612337"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28520519"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40196943"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/latent-variable-mixture-models-to-test-for-differential-item-functioning-a-popul-recvyjxaww6kzs53q/","name":"Latent variable mixture models to test for differential item functioning: a population-based analysis","headline":"Latent variable mixture models to test for differential item functioning: a population-based analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/latent-variable-mixture-models-to-test-for-differential-item-functioning-a-popul-recvyjxaww6kzs53q/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Xueqing Wu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6531-8349","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanxi Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0265d1010"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard Sawatzky","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8042-190X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"School of Nursing, Trinity Western University &amp; Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcomes Sciences, Providence Health Care, Langley, BC, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nancy E. Mayo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2066-7120","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04cpxjv19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tolulope T. Sajobi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5696-5552"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jueli Liu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5815-2483","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang A & F University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vj4rn06"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert G Josse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-6264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tanveer Towheed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8738-9394","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Rheumatology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rtaxr13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa M Lix","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8685-3212","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Saskatchewan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandra Papaioannou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9412-0932","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W M Hopman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3162-8754","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kingston General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03zq81960"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Shawn Davison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8123-7680","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}}],"datePublished":"2017-05-15","abstract":"Background: Comparisons of population health status using self-report measures such as the SF-36 rest on the assumption that the measured items have a common interpretation across sub-groups. However, self-report measures may be sensitive to differential item functioning (DIF), which occurs when sub-groups with the same underlying health status have a different probability of item response. This study tested for DIF on the SF-36 physical functioning (PF) and mental health (MH) sub-scales in population-based data using latent variable mixture models (LVMMs).\n\nMethods: Data were from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos), a prospective national cohort study. LVMMs were applied to the ten PF and five MH SF-36 items. A standard two-parameter graded response model with one latent class was compared to multi-class LVMMs. Multivariable logistic regression models with pseudo-class random draws characterized the latent classes on demographic and health variables.\n\nResults: The CaMos cohort consisted of 9423 respondents. A three-class LVMM fit the PF sub-scale, with class proportions of 0.59, 0.24, and 0.17. For the MH sub-scale, a two-class model fit the data, with class proportions of 0.69 and 0.31. For PF items, the probabilities of reporting greater limitations were consistently higher in classes 2 and 3 than class 1. For MH items, respondents in class 2 reported more health problems than in class 1. Differences in item thresholds and factor loadings between one-class and multi-class models were observed for both sub-scales. Demographic and health variables were associated with class membership.\n\nConclusions: This study revealed DIF in population-based SF-36 data; the results suggest that PF and MH sub-scale scores may not be comparable across sub-groups defined by demographic and health status variables, although effects were frequently small to moderate in size. Evaluation of DIF should be a routine step when analysing population-based self-report data to ensure valid comparisons amongst sub-groups.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Health Qual Life Outcomes"}}},"pageStart":"102","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-017-0674-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33692281"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s12955-017-0674-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28506313"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33692281"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cancer-associated-mutations-in-endometriosis-without-cancer-recb8b7vsxlrhigeo/","name":"Cancer-Associated Mutations in Endometriosis without Cancer","headline":"Cancer-Associated Mutations in Endometriosis without Cancer","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cancer-associated-mutations-in-endometriosis-without-cancer-recb8b7vsxlrhigeo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Anglesio MS, Papadopoulos N, Ayhan A, Nazeran TM, Noë M, Horlings HM, Lum A, Jones S, Senz J, Seckin T, Ho J, Wu RC, Lac V, Ogawa H, Tessier-Cloutier B, Alhassan R, Wang A, Wang Y, Cohen JD, Wong F, Hasanovic A, Orr N, Zhang M, Popoli M, McMahon W, Wood LD, Mattox A, Allaire C, Segars J, Williams C, Tomasetti C, Boyd N, Kinzler KW, Gilks CB, Diaz L, Wang TL, Vogelstein B, Yong PJ, Huntsman DG, Shih IM"}],"datePublished":"2017-05-11","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Endometriosis, defined as the presence of ectopic endometrial stroma and epithelium, affects approximately 10% of reproductive-age women and can cause pelvic pain and infertility. Endometriotic lesions are considered to be benign inflammatory lesions but have cancerlike features such as local invasion and resistance to apoptosis.\n\nMETHODS: We analyzed deeply infiltrating endometriotic lesions from 27 patients by means of exomewide sequencing (24 patients) or cancer-driver targeted sequencing (3 patients). Mutations were validated with the use of digital genomic methods in microdissected epithelium and stroma. Epithelial and stromal components of lesions from an additional 12 patients were analyzed by means of a droplet digital polymerase-chain-reaction (PCR) assay for recurrent activating KRAS mutations.\n\nRESULTS: Exome sequencing revealed somatic mutations in 19 of 24 patients (79%). Five patients harbored known cancer driver mutations in ARID1A, PIK3CA, KRAS, or PPP2R1A, which were validated by Safe-Sequencing System or immunohistochemical analysis. The likelihood of driver genes being affected at this rate in the absence of selection was estimated at P=0.001 (binomial test). Targeted sequencing and a droplet digital PCR assay identified KRAS mutations in 2 of 3 patients and 3 of 12 patients, respectively, with mutations in the epithelium but not the stroma. One patient harbored two different KRAS mutations, c.35G→T and c.35G→C, and another carried identical KRAS c.35G→A mutations in three distinct lesions.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: We found that lesions in deep infiltrating endometriosis, which are associated with virtually no risk of malignant transformation, harbor somatic cancer driver mutations. Ten of 39 deep infiltrating lesions (26%) carried driver mutations; all the tested somatic mutations appeared to be confined to the epithelial compartment of endometriotic lesions.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"376","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"1835","pageEnd":"1848","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1614814","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40468392"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJMoa1614814"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28489996"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40468392"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-myo-inositol-and-metformin-on-clinical-metabolic-and-genetic-param-reculeu8imzt0ikm1/","name":"Comparison of myo-inositol and metformin on clinical, metabolic and genetic parameters in polycystic ovary syndrome: A randomized controlled clinical trial","headline":"Comparison of myo-inositol and metformin on clinical, metabolic and genetic parameters in polycystic ovary syndrome: A randomized controlled clinical trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-myo-inositol-and-metformin-on-clinical-metabolic-and-genetic-param-reculeu8imzt0ikm1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mehri Jamilian","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5740-5637","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Arak University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056mgfb42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Afshar Ebrahimi F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Esmat Aghadavod","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9456-9238","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kashan University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dc0dy65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fereshteh Bahmani","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0683-3153","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kashan University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dc0dy65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bita Badehnoosh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8469-8378","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Alborz University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03hh69c20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hamidreza Jamilian","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5938-9810","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Arak University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056mgfb42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Faraneh Afshar Ebrahimi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kashan University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dc0dy65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zatollah Asemi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8985-7224","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kashan University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dc0dy65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pegah Farhat","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Arak University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056mgfb42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fatemeh Foroozanfard","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kashan University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dc0dy65"}}],"datePublished":"2017-05-10","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To our knowledge, data on comparison of myo-inositol and metformin on clinical, metabolic and genetic parameters in subjects with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are limited. This study was carried out to compare myo-inositol and metformin on clinical, metabolic and genetic parameters in subjects with PCOS.\n\nDESIGN, PATIENTS AND\n\nMEASUREMENTS: This randomized controlled trial was conducted among 60 subjects with PCOS aged 18-40 years. Subjects were randomly allocated into two groups to receive either myo-inositol (N=30) or metformin (N=30) for 12 weeks. Gene expression of inflammatory cytokines was assessed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of PCOS women by RT-PCR.\n\nRESULTS: After the 12-week intervention, compared with metformin, myo-inositol intake significantly decreased serum total testosterone (-1.4±4.2 vs +0.7±1.4 nmol/L, P=.03), modified Ferriman-Gallwey (mF-G) scores (-1.1±0.7 vs -0.5±0.8, P=.01) and serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels (-2.6±3.9 vs +0.2±1.5 mg/L, P<.001). RT-PCR demonstrated that compared with metformin, myo-inositol downregulated gene expression of interleukin-1 (IL-1) (P=.02) in PBMCs of subjects with PCOS. We did not observe any significant effect of myo-inositol intake compared with metformin on other hormonal profiles, plasma nitric oxide (NO) or gene expression of IL-8 and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Overall, taking myo-inositol, compared with metformin, for 12 weeks in patients with PCOS with hyperinsulinism and normoinsulinism had beneficial effects on total testosterone, mFG scores, serum hs-CRP levels and gene expression of IL-1, but did not affect other hormonal profiles, NO levels or gene expression of IL-8 and TNF-α.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"87","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"194","pageEnd":"200","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/cen.13366","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38796542"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/cen.13366"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28485095"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38796542"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pulse-rate-measurement-during-sleep-using-wearable-sensors-and-its-correlation-w-recpgayvrlnzbamei/","name":"Pulse Rate Measurement During Sleep Using Wearable Sensors, and its Correlation with the Menstrual Cycle Phases, A Prospective Observational Study","headline":"Pulse Rate Measurement During Sleep Using Wearable Sensors, and its Correlation with the Menstrual Cycle Phases, A Prospective Observational Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pulse-rate-measurement-during-sleep-using-wearable-sensors-and-its-correlation-w-recpgayvrlnzbamei/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mohaned Shilaih","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5584-5575","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ava AG, Zurich, Switzerland.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01462r250"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Clerck V"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa Falco","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2659-4068","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ava AG, Zurich, Switzerland."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brigitte Leeners","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6137-7499","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital of Zurich","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01462r250"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Valérie de Clerck","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ava AG, Zurich, Switzerland."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Florian Kübler","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ava AG, Zurich, Switzerland."}}],"datePublished":"2017-05-04","abstract":"An affordable, user-friendly fertility-monitoring tool remains an unmet need. We examine in this study the correlation between pulse rate (PR) and the menstrual phases using wrist-worn PR sensors. 91 healthy, non-pregnant women, between 22-42 years old, were recruited for a prospective-observational clinical trial. Participants measured PR during sleep using wrist-worn bracelets with photoplethysmographic sensors. Ovulation day was estimated with \"Clearblue Digital-Ovulation-urine test\". Potential behavioral and nutritional confounders were collected daily. 274 ovulatory cycles were recorded from 91 eligible women, with a mean cycle length of 27.3 days (±2.7). We observed a significant increase in PR during the fertile window compared to the menstrual phase (2.1 beat-per-minute, p < 0.01). Moreover, PR during the mid-luteal phase was also significantly elevated compared to the fertile window (1.8 beat-per-minute, p < 0.01), and the menstrual phase (3.8 beat-per-minute, p < 0.01). PR increase in the ovulatory and mid-luteal phase was robust to adjustment for the collected confounders. There is a significant increase of the fertile-window PR (collected during sleep) compared to the menstrual phase. The aforementioned association was robust to the inter- and intra-person variability of menstrual-cycle length, behavioral, and nutritional profiles. Hence, PR monitoring using wearable sensors could be used as one parameter within a multi-parameter fertility awareness-based method.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Scientific Reports"}}},"pageStart":"1294","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-01433-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33683868"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/s41598-017-01433-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28465583"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33683868"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preconception-maternal-lipoprotein-levels-in-relation-to-fecundability-rechvrukxlydmwten/","name":"Preconception maternal lipoprotein levels in relation to fecundability","headline":"Preconception maternal lipoprotein levels in relation to fecundability","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preconception-maternal-lipoprotein-levels-in-relation-to-fecundability-rechvrukxlydmwten/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarah Pugh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4347-2561","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard W Browne","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7685-1608","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University at Buffalo, State University of New York","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anne M Lynch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6508-8136","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Colorado Denver","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02hh7en24"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neil J Perkins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6802-4733","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brian D. Wilcox","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Commonwealth Medical College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04bqfk210"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Katherine L Grantz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0276-8534","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert M Silver","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5794-3152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Intermountain Healthcare","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mvr1r74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindsey A Sjaarda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0539-8110","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Wactawski-Wende","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3096-9595","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}}],"datePublished":"2017-05-01","abstract":"Study question: Are maternal preconception lipid levels associated with fecundability?Summary answerFecundability was reduced for all abnormal female lipid levels including total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and total triglyceride levels.\n\nWhat is known already: Subfecundity affects 7-15% of the population and lipid disorders are hypothesized to play a role since cholesterol acts as a substrate for the synthesis of steroid hormones. Evidence illustrating this relationship at the mechanistic level is mounting but few studies in humans have explored the role of preconception lipids in fecundity.Study design, size, durationA secondary analysis of the Effects of Aspirin in Gestation and Reproduction (EAGeR) trial (2007-2011), a block-randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.\n\nParticipants/materials, setting, methodsA total of 1228 women, with 1-2 prior pregnancy losses and without a diagnosis of infertility, attempting pregnancy for up to six menstrual cycles were recruited from clinical sites in Utah, New York, PA and Colorado. Time to pregnancy was the number of menstrual cycles to pregnancy as determined by positive hCG test or ultrasound. Individual preconception lipoproteins were measured at baseline, prior to treatment randomization and dichotomized based on clinically accepted cut-points as total cholesterol ≥200 mg/dl, LDL-C ≥130 mg/dl, HDL-C Main results and the role of chanceThere were 148 (12.3%) women with elevated total cholesterol, 94 (7.9%) with elevated LDL-C, 280 (23.2%) with elevated triglycerides and 606 (50.7%) with low HDL-C. The fecundability odds ratio (FOR) was reduced for all abnormal lipids before and after confounder adjustment, indicating reduced fecundability. Total cholesterol ≥200 mg/dl was associated with 24% (For: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.59, 0.97) and 29% (For: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.55, 0.93) reduced fecundability for hCG-detected and ultrasound-confirmed pregnancy, respectively, compared with total cholesterol Limitations, reasons for cautionAlthough the FOR is a measure of couple fecundability, we had only measures of female lipid levels and can therefore not confirm the findings from a previous study indicating the independent role of male lipids in fecundity. The attenuated estimates and decreased precision after adjustment for central adiposity and obesity indicate the complexity of potential causal lipid pathways, suggesting other factors related to obesity besides dyslipidemia likely contribute to reduced fecundability.\n\nWider implication: s of the findingsOur results are consistent with one other study relating preconception lipid concentrations to fecundity and expand these findings by adding critically important information about individual lipoproteins. As lipid levels are modifiable they may offer an inexpensive target to improve female fecundability.Study funding and competing interest(s)This study was funded by the Intramural Research Program of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. The authors have declared that no conflicts of interest exist.Trial registration number#NCT00467363.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1055","pageEnd":"1063","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dex052","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40278423"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/dex052"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28333301"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40278423"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preconception-low-dose-aspirin-restores-diminished-pregnancy-and-live-birth-rates-in-women-with-low-grade-inflammation-a-secondary-analysis-of-a-randomized-trial-recdni35hb9faxy93/","name":"Preconception Low-Dose Aspirin Restores Diminished Pregnancy and Live Birth Rates in Women With Low-Grade Inflammation: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Trial","headline":"Preconception Low-Dose Aspirin Restores Diminished Pregnancy and Live Birth Rates in Women With Low-Grade Inflammation: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preconception-low-dose-aspirin-restores-diminished-pregnancy-and-live-birth-rates-in-women-with-low-grade-inflammation-a-secondary-analysis-of-a-randomized-trial-recdni35hb9faxy93/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindsey A Sjaarda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0539-8110","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rose G Radin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6273-274X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert M Silver","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5794-3152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Intermountain Healthcare","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mvr1r74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brian D. Wilcox","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Commonwealth Medical College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04bqfk210"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Noya Galai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8280-9492","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Haifa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02f009v59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neil J Perkins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6802-4733","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emily M Mitchell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4469-1117","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Wactawski-Wende","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3096-9595","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}}],"datePublished":"2017-05-01","abstract":"Context: Inflammation is linked to causes of infertility. Low-dose aspirin (LDA) may improve reproductive success in women with chronic, low-grade inflammation.\n\nObjective: To investigate the effect of preconception-initiated LDA on pregnancy rate, pregnancy loss, live birth rate, and inflammation during pregnancy.\nDesign: Stratified secondary analysis of a multicenter, block-randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.\nSetting: Four US academic medical centers, 2007 to 2012.\n\nParticipants: Healthy women aged 18 to 40 years (N = 1228) with one to two prior pregnancy losses actively attempting to conceive.\n\nIntervention: Preconception-initiated, daily LDA (81 mg) or matching placebo taken up to six menstrual cycles attempting pregnancy and through 36 weeks' gestation in women who conceived.\n\nMain Outcome Measures: Confirmed pregnancy, live birth, and pregnancy loss were compared between LDA and placebo, stratified by tertile of preconception, preintervention serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) (low, <0.70 mg/L; middle, 0.70 to <1.95 mg/L; high, ≥1.95 mg/L).\n\nResults: Live birth occurred in 55% of women overall. The lowest pregnancy and live birth rates occurred among the highest hsCRP tertile receiving placebo (44% live birth). LDA increased live birth among high-hsCRP women to 59% (relative risk, 1.35; 95% confidence interval, 1.08 to 1.67), similar to rates in the lower and mid-CRP tertiles. LDA did not affect clinical pregnancy or live birth in the low (live birth: 59% LDA, 54% placebo) or midlevel hsCRP tertiles (live birth: 59% LDA, 59% placebo).\n\nConclusions: In women attempting conception with elevated hsCRP and prior pregnancy loss, LDA may increase clinical pregnancy and live birth rates compared with women without inflammation and reduce hsCRP elevation during pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"102","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"1495","pageEnd":"1504","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2016-2917","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40282636"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jc.2016-2917"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28323989"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40282636"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/red-light-improves-spermatozoa-motility-and-does-not-induce-oxidative-dna-damage-recyroucfpwfvdkxo/","name":"Red light improves spermatozoa motility and does not induce oxidative DNA damage","headline":"Red light improves spermatozoa motility and does not induce oxidative DNA damage","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/red-light-improves-spermatozoa-motility-and-does-not-induce-oxidative-dna-damage-recyroucfpwfvdkxo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Daryl Preece","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4135-8079","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Veronica Gomez‐Godinez","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kyle Gustafson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1903-9015","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Barbara Durrant","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6019-9865","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zoological Society of San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04q1yyt92"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael W Berns","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9640-2885","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Irvine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kay W Chow","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Selin Esener","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Veronica Gomez-Godinez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1305-9522","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nicole Ravida","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zoological Society of San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04q1yyt92"}}],"datePublished":"2017-04-21","abstract":"The ability to successfully fertilize ova relies upon the swimming ability of spermatozoa. Both in humans and in animals, sperm motility has been used as a metric for the viability of semen samples. Recently, several studies have examined the efficacy of low dosage red light exposure for cellular repair and increasing sperm motility. Of prime importance to the practical application of this technique is the absence of DNA damage caused by radiation exposure. In this study, we examine the effect of 633 nm coherent, red laser light on sperm motility using a novel wavelet-based algorithm that allows for direct measurement of curvilinear velocity under red light illumination. This new algorithm gives results comparable to the standard computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) system. We then assess the safety of red light treatment of sperm by analyzing, (1) the levels of double-strand breaks in the DNA, and (2) oxidative damage in the sperm DNA. The results demonstrate that for the parameters used there are insignificant differences in oxidative DNA damage as a result of irradiation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Scientific Reports"}}},"pageStart":"46480","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1038/srep46480","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33582668"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/srep46480"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28425485"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33582668"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/crucial-role-of-estrogen-for-the-mammalian-female-in-regulating-semen-coagulatio-reco65ltxlgtymzeg/","name":"Crucial role of estrogen for the mammalian female in regulating semen coagulation and liquefaction in vivo","headline":"Crucial role of estrogen for the mammalian female in regulating semen coagulation and liquefaction in vivo","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/crucial-role-of-estrogen-for-the-mammalian-female-in-regulating-semen-coagulatio-reco65ltxlgtymzeg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marleny Garcia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6849-8210","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Washington State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dk0ce17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rachel L Gewiss","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3005-4793","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Washington State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dk0ce17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shangwei Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2017-2435","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sichuan University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/011ashp19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wipawee Winuthayanon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5196-8471","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Washington State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dk0ce17"}}],"datePublished":"2017-04-18","abstract":"Semen liquefaction changes semen from a gel-like to watery consistency and is required for sperm to gain mobility and swim to the fertilization site in the Fallopian tubes. Kallikrein-related peptidases 3 (KLK3) and other kallikrein-related peptidases from male prostate glands are responsible for semen liquefaction by cleaving gel-forming proteins (semenogelin and collagen). In a physiological context, the liquefaction process occurs within the female reproductive tract. How seminal proteins interact with the female reproductive environment is still largely unexplored. We previously reported that conditional genetic ablation of Esr1 (estrogen receptor α) in the epithelial cells of the female reproductive tract (Wnt7aCre/+;Esr1f/f) causes female infertility, partly due to a drastic reduction in the number of motile sperm entering the oviduct. In this study, we found that post-ejaculated semen from fertile wild-type males was solidified and the sperm were entrapped in Wnt7aCre/+;Esr1f/f uteri, compared to the watery semen (liquefied) found in Esr1f/f controls. In addition, semenogelin and collagen were not degraded in Wnt7aCre/+;Esr1f/f uteri. Amongst multiple gene families aberrantly expressed in the absence of epithelial ESR1, we have identified that a lack of Klks in the uterus is a potential cause for the liquefaction defect. Pharmacological inhibition of KLKs in the uterus replicated the phenotype observed in Wnt7aCre/+;Esr1f/f uteri, suggesting that loss of uterine and seminal KLK function causes this liquefaction defect. In human cervical cell culture, expression of several KLKs and their inhibitors (SPINKs) was regulated by estrogen in an ESR1-dependent manner. Our study demonstrates that estrogen/ESR1 signaling in the female reproductive tract plays an indispensable role in normal semen liquefaction, providing fundamental evidence that exposure of post-ejaculated semen to the suboptimal microenvironment in the female reproductive tract leads to faulty liquefaction and subsequently causes a fertility defect.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"PLoS Genetics"}}},"pageStart":"e1006743","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006743","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33620984"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1371/journal.pgen.1006743"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28414719"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33620984"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/aristotle-anniversary-year-remembering-the-contributions-to-medicine-and-human-b-rec63ddpjhjvbpjyd/","name":"Aristotle Anniversary Year: remembering the contributions to medicine and human  biology of this great polymath","headline":"Aristotle Anniversary Year: remembering the contributions to medicine and human  biology of this great polymath","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/aristotle-anniversary-year-remembering-the-contributions-to-medicine-and-human-b-rec63ddpjhjvbpjyd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Manuel E Cortés","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0845-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x0xhn70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jorge L Rodríguez","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Facultad de Salud, Universidad Bernardo O&#x92;Higgins, Chile."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Juan Pablo Del Río","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3126-0745","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Millennium Science Initiative","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01c080z51"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Matías I Rodríguez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1002-6888","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad de Chile, Chile."}}],"datePublished":"2017-04-11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"144","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Revista Medica De Chile"}}},"pageStart":"1498","pageEnd":"1499","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.4067/S0034-98872016001100021","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52323517"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4067/S0034-98872016001100021"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28394972"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q52323517"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-treatment-use-of-in-vitro-fertilization-and-time-to-live-birth-based-o-reck8jozujuq5hshh/","name":"Fertility Treatment, Use of in Vitro Fertilization, and Time to Live Birth Based on Initial Provider Type","headline":"Fertility Treatment, Use of in Vitro Fertilization, and Time to Live Birth Based on Initial Provider Type","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-treatment-use-of-in-vitro-fertilization-and-time-to-live-birth-based-o-reck8jozujuq5hshh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jessica N Sanders","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4487-1997","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S E Simonsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-7671","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mandy W Boltz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Arizona","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45"}}],"datePublished":"2017-04-06","abstract":"PURPOSE: To explore the relationship between the type of clinician (generalist vs subspecialist) initially seen by infertile women, the treatment received, and the time to pregnancy.\n\nMETHODS: We analyzed mixed-mode questionnaire data from 867 women with primary infertility enrolled into a retrospective cohort through population- and fertility clinic-based sampling. We compared women presenting first to generalist providers with women presenting first to fertility subspecialists, with the main outcomes of receiving in vitro fertilization (IVF), time to pregnancy, and live birth.\n\nRESULTS: The first contact for most (84%) women with infertility was a generalist provider. Only 8% of women sought care first from a fertility subspecialist, and these women were older and had been trying longer to conceive. Women who presented first to a generalist provider were less likely to receive IVF (adjusted odds ratio, 0.48; 95% confidence interval, 0.28-0.82), were equally likely to achieve pregnancy, and had similar times to pregnancy (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.11; 95% confidence interval, 0.80-1.53) compared with women who presented first to a subspecialist.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Generalist providers are frequently the first point of care for women with difficulty conceiving and are uniquely positioned to promote the balanced management of infertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"30","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine : JABFM"}}},"pageStart":"230","pageEnd":"238","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3122/jabfm.2017.02.160184","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38852854"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3122/jabfm.2017.02.160184"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28379830"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38852854"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/functional-hypothalamic-amenorrhea-an-endocrine-society-clinical-practice-guidel-rec6mgopg8dp4vzgj/","name":"Functional Hypothalamic Amenorrhea: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice  Guideline","headline":"Functional Hypothalamic Amenorrhea: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice  Guideline","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/functional-hypothalamic-amenorrhea-an-endocrine-society-clinical-practice-guidel-rec6mgopg8dp4vzgj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Catherine M Gordon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9280-9143","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01hcyya48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathryn E Ackerman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2626-7785","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarah L Berga","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1885-0401","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wake Forest University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0207ad724"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jay R. Kaplan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7759-9838"},{"@type":"Person","name":"George Mastorakos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1929-3275","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Madhusmita Misra","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0868-9901","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Hassan Murad","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5502-5975","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mayo Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nanette Santoro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9096-7490","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Kaplan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2374-2432"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michelle P Warren","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University Irving Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01esghr10"}}],"datePublished":"2017-04-04","abstract":"COSPONSORING ASSOCIATIONS: The American Society for Reproductive Medicine, the European Society of Endocrinology, and the Pediatric Endocrine Society. This guideline was funded by the Endocrine Society.\nObjective: To formulate clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of functional hypothalamic amenorrhea (FHA).\n\nParticipants: The participants include an Endocrine Society-appointed task force of eight experts, a methodologist, and a medical writer. EVIDENCE: This evidence-based guideline was developed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach to describe the strength of recommendations and the quality of evidence. The task force commissioned two systematic reviews and used the best available evidence from other published systematic reviews and individual studies. CONSENSUS PROCESS: One group meeting, several conference calls, and e-mail communications enabled consensus. Endocrine Society committees and members and cosponsoring organizations reviewed and commented on preliminary drafts of this guideline.\n\nConclusions: FHA is a form of chronic anovulation, not due to identifiable organic causes, but often associated with stress, weight loss, excessive exercise, or a combination thereof. Investigations should include assessment of systemic and endocrinologic etiologies, as FHA is a diagnosis of exclusion. A multidisciplinary treatment approach is necessary, including medical, dietary, and mental health support. Medical complications include, among others, bone loss and infertility, and appropriate therapies are under debate and investigation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"102","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"1413","pageEnd":"1439","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2017-00131","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47759664"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jc.2017-00131"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28368518"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47759664"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fallopian-tube-catheterization-in-the-treatment-of-proximal-tubal-obstruction-a--uhxhmlfl/","name":"Fallopian tube catheterization in the treatment of proximal tubal obstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis","headline":"Fallopian tube catheterization in the treatment of proximal tubal obstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fallopian-tube-catheterization-in-the-treatment-of-proximal-tubal-obstruction-a--uhxhmlfl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"De Silva PM","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3234-1155"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Justin J Chu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5355-9989"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ioannis Gallos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2766-358X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05y3qh794"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vidyasagar AT"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lynne Robinson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1458-3062","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Birmingham Women’s and Children’s NHS Foundation Trust","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056ajev02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arri Coomarasamy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3261-9807","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Birmingham Women’s and Children’s NHS Foundation Trust","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056ajev02"}}],"datePublished":"2017-04-01","abstract":"STUDY QUESTION: What is the chance of clinical pregnancy when fallopian tube catheterization is used for proximal tubal obstruction?\n\nSUMMARY ANSWER: The pooled clinical pregnancy rate of tubal catheterization after proximal tubal obstruction is 27% (95% CI 25-30%).\n\nWHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Restoring fallopian tube patency by performing tubal catheterization has fallen out of favour since the increased availability of IVF. Our study is the first systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate reproductive outcomes following tubal catheterization for proximal tubal obstruction.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis of 27 observational studies consisting of 1720 patients undergoing tubal catheterization for proximal tubal obstruction, who attempted to conceive naturally after the procedure.\n\nPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: Systematic literature searches were performed in MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. A total of 2195 titles and abstracts were reviewed. Only studies that reported outcomes when tubal catheterization was performed with no other tubal surgery were included. Twenty-seven cohort studies matched the inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis.\n\nMAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: The meta-analysis showed a pooled clinical pregnancy rate of 27% (95% CI 25-30%) after the use of tubal catheterization for unilateral or bilateral proximal tubal obstruction (27 studies, 1556 patients). In women with bilateral obstruction (14 studies, 617 patients), the clinical pregnancy rate was 27% (95% CI 23-32%). Our meta-analysis demonstrated that the pooled cumulative clinical pregnancy rates were 22.3% (95% CI 17.8-27.8%) at 6 months, 25.8% (95% CI 21.1-31.5%) at 9 months, 26.4% (95% CI 23.0-30.2%) at 12 months, 26.0% (95% CI 22.8-29.7%) at 18 months, 27.0% (95% CI 24.0-30.5%) at 24 months, 27.9% (95% CI 24.9-31.3%) at 36 months and 28.5% (95% CI 25.5-31.8%) at 48 months. The pooled live birth rate (14 studies, 551 patients) was 22% (95% CI 18-26%). The pooled ectopic pregnancy rate (27 studies, 1556 patients) was 4% (95% CI 3-5%). The included studies scored satisfactorily on the Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale.\n\nLIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: The pooled clinical pregnancy rate after tubal catheterization was found to be almost comparable to that after IVF. However, included studies were small, non-comparative series with significant clinical heterogeneity in population characteristics, follow-up and surgical equipment, technique and experience.\n\nWIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: These findings suggest fallopian tube catheterization as an alternative strategy to IVF in patients presenting with proximal tubal obstruction. Further research should focus on comparing different surgical techniques of fallopian tube catheterization with IVF and provide cumulative reproductive outcomes over long-term follow-up.\n\nSTUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S): No funding was required and the authors have no competing interests to declare.\n\nREGISTRATION NUMBER: N/A.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dex022","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39129132"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/dex022"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28184438"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39129132"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-natural-family-planning-nfp-and-its-effect-on-couple-relationships-and-se-rec6plypbuec0zwt0/","name":"Use of Natural Family Planning (NFP) and Its Effect on Couple Relationships and  Sexual Satisfaction: A Multi-Country Survey of NFP Users from US and Europe","headline":"Use of Natural Family Planning (NFP) and Its Effect on Couple Relationships and  Sexual Satisfaction: A Multi-Country Survey of NFP Users from US and Europe","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-natural-family-planning-nfp-and-its-effect-on-couple-relationships-and-se-rec6plypbuec0zwt0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Matthias Unseld","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1699-9846","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical University of Vienna","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05n3x4p02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elisabeth Rötzer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute of Natural Conception Regulation , Vienna , Austria."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eva K Masel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6415-4488","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical University of Vienna","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05n3x4p02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael D Manhart","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1727-1846","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"RTI International","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052tfza37"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roman Weigl","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical University of Vienna","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05n3x4p02"}}],"datePublished":"2017-03-30","abstract":"Purpose: Birth control is a persistent global health concern. Natural family planning (NFP) comprises methods to achieve or avoid pregnancy independent of mechanical or pharmacological intervention. The sympto-thermal method (STM) of NFP employs daily observation of cervical fluids and measurement of basal body temperature. This multi-country study was undertaken to describe the characteristics of STM users, understand their perceptions of NFP, and its perceived impact on relationships. METHODS AND\n\nResults: Questionnaires for women and men were developed in German and translated to English, Polish, Italian, Czech, and Slovak by native speakers. A total of 2,560 respondents completed the online questionnaire (37.4% response). Participants were married (89%) and well educated, and their self-perceived financial status was described as \"good\" or \"very good\" by 65% of the respondents. Forty-seven percent had previously used contraceptives. Ninety-five percent of women and 55% of men said using NFP has helped them to know their body better. Large majorities of men (74%) and women (64%) felt NFP helped to improve their relationship while <10% felt use of NFP had harmed their relationship. Most women (53%) and men (63%) felt using NFP improved their sex life while 32% of women and 24% of men felt it was unchanged from before they used NFP. Seventy-five percent of women and 73% of men said they are either \"satisfied\" or \"very satisfied\" with their frequency of sexual intercourse.\n\nConclusion: This survey demonstrates STM of NFP is a well-accepted approach to family planning across several Western cultures. It is consistently viewed as being beneficial to couples' self-knowledge, their relationship, and satisfaction with frequency of sexual intercourse.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Public Health"}},"pageStart":"42","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2017.00042","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37694437"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fpubh.2017.00042"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28349048"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37694437"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-tamoxifen-on-thin-endometrium-in-patients-undergoing-frozen-thawed-recg0zby86kw9t6mt/","name":"The Effect of Tamoxifen on Thin Endometrium in Patients Undergoing Frozen-Thawed  Embryo Transfer","headline":"The Effect of Tamoxifen on Thin Endometrium in Patients Undergoing Frozen-Thawed  Embryo Transfer","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-tamoxifen-on-thin-endometrium-in-patients-undergoing-frozen-thawed-recg0zby86kw9t6mt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jingjing Jiang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1198-6077","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shandong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0207yh398"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rong Tang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6344-0613","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shandong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0207yh398"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yingying Qin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7569-0024","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shandong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0207yh398"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhian Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6423-105X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chen ZJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hanni Ke","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4871-9960","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shandong Provincial Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02ar2nf05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mingdi Xia","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shandong Provincial Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02ar2nf05"}}],"datePublished":"2017-03-28","abstract":"Tamoxifen has played a vital role in endocrine therapy for the treatment of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. We examined the effect of tamoxifen in patients with a thin endometrium in frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) cycles and compared the improvement in endometrial thickness (EMT) and pregnancy outcomes stratified by different etiologies of thin endometrium. A total of 226 women were recruited for a new tamoxifen protocol; all had an EMT of less than 7.5 mm in previous cycles, including natural cycle (NC), hormone replacement treatment (HRT), and ovulation induction (OI) cycles. Compared with previous cycles, tamoxifen cycles showed a significantly increased EMT (from 6.11 ± 0.98 mm to 7.87 ± 1.48 mm in the NC group, from 6.24 ± 1.01 mm to 8.22 ± 1.67 mm in the HRT group, and from 6.34 ± 1.03 mm to 8.05 ± 1.58 mm in the OI group; all P < .001). Patients were further divided into 3 groups based on the causes of their thin endometrium: (1) history of intrauterine adhesion (n = 34), (2) history of uterine curettage (n = 141), and (3) polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS; n = 51). Patients with PCOS obtained the thickest EMT (9.31 ± 1.55 mm), the lowest cycle cancellation rate (11.76%), and the highest rate of clinical pregnancy (60%) and live birth (55.56%) per transfer ( P < .001). Multivariable regression analysis showed that EMT was related to live birth (odds ratio: 1.487; 95% confidence interval: 1.172-1.887). A tamoxifen protocol improves EMT in patients after NC, HRT, and OI cycles during FET. Patients with PCOS show the most benefit from tamoxifen and achieve better pregnancy outcomes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"25","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproductive Sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.)"}}},"pageStart":"861","pageEnd":"866","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/1933719117698580","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q53398943"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/1933719117698580"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28345485"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q53398943"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/treatment-with-myo-inositol-and-selenium-ensures-euthyroidism-in-patients-with-a-rec5gqbdwxpidrwvq/","name":"Treatment with Myo-Inositol and Selenium Ensures Euthyroidism in Patients with Autoimmune Thyroiditis","headline":"Treatment with Myo-Inositol and Selenium Ensures Euthyroidism in Patients with Autoimmune Thyroiditis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/treatment-with-myo-inositol-and-selenium-ensures-euthyroidism-in-patients-with-a-rec5gqbdwxpidrwvq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sabrina Basciani","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7201-3738","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sapienza University of Rome","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02be6w209"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maurizio Nordio","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6820-2512","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sapienza University of Rome","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02be6w209"}}],"datePublished":"2017-03-16","abstract":"Clinical evidences have highlighted the efficacy of myo-inositol and selenium in the treatment of autoimmune thyroiditis. Aim of this study was to further analyze the role of myo-inositol plus selenium (Myo-Ins-Se) in restoring a normal thyroid function of Hashimoto's patients with subclinical hypothyroidism. Eighty-six patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis having thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels between 3 and 6 mIU/L, elevated serum antithyroid peroxidase (TPOAb) and/or antithyroglobulin (TgAb), and normal free thyroxine (fT(4)) and free triiodothyronine (fT(3)) levels were enrolled in the study: one hyperthyroid subject with TSH about 0.14 μU/ml was included in this trial as a single case. Patients were assigned to receive Myo-Ins-Se. TSH, TPOAb, and TgAb levels were significantly decreased in patients treated with combined Myo-Ins-Se after 6 months of treatment. In addition, a significant fT(3) and fT(4) increase, along with an amelioration of their quality of life, was observed. Remarkably, TSH values of the hyperthyroid patient increased from 0.14 μU/ml up to 1.02 μU/ml, showing a complete restoration of TSH values at a normal range. In conclusion, the administration of Myo-Ins-Se is significantly effective in decreasing TSH, TPOAb, and TgAb levels, as well as enhancing thyroid hormones and personal wellbeing, therefore restoring euthyroidism in patients diagnosed with autoimmune thyroiditis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2017","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Endocrinology"}},"pageStart":"2549491","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/2549491","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37673038"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1155/2017/2549491"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28293260"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37673038"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effectiveness-of-a-video-intervention-on-fertility-knowledge-among-university-st-recj15r8tiju56hfw/","name":"Effectiveness of a video intervention on fertility knowledge among university  students: a randomised pre-test/post-test study","headline":"Effectiveness of a video intervention on fertility knowledge among university  students: a randomised pre-test/post-test study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effectiveness-of-a-video-intervention-on-fertility-knowledge-among-university-st-recj15r8tiju56hfw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Carla Conceição","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5063-8526","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade do Porto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043pwc612"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Juliana Pedro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5824-5851","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade do Porto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043pwc612"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mariana V Martins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6489-0290","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"a Faculty of Psychology and Education Science , University of Porto , Porto , Portugal.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043pwc612"}}],"datePublished":"2017-03-04","abstract":"Objectives: Recent evidence has shown that young adults have poor knowledge about reproductive health and fertility, and that interventions are needed to increase fertility awareness. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a brief video in increasing knowledge about fertility and infertility in young adults.\n\nMethods: We carried out a two-arm, parallel-group, randomised controlled trial with a pre-test/post-test design (NCT02607761, ClinicalTrials.gov). The sample was composed of 173 undergraduates who completed a self-report questionnaire. Participants were randomly assigned to exposure or no exposure to an educational video about reproductive health and infertility (intervention group, n = 89; control group, n = 84).\n\nResults: At baseline, participants revealed poor knowledge of infertility risk factors and fertility issues, and average knowledge of the definition of infertility. Interaction effects between group and time were found for all variables targeted in the video. Participants in the intervention group significantly increased their knowledge of fertility issues, infertility risk factors and the definition of infertility. No significant differences in post-test knowledge were observed in the control group, except for the age at which there is a marked decrease in female fertility.\n\nConclusions: A short video intervention is effective in increasing short-term knowledge about reproductive health and infertility. If future research using longer intervals corroborates our findings, video intervention could be a useful tool in public health prevention campaigns.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care : the Official  Journal of the European Society of Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"107","pageEnd":"113","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/13625187.2017.1288903","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38751132"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/13625187.2017.1288903"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28256912"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38751132"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/population-wide-impact-of-non-hip-non-vertebral-fractures-on-mortality-recepxggev7kycyuc/","name":"Population-Wide Impact of Non-Hip Non-Vertebral Fractures on Mortality","headline":"Population-Wide Impact of Non-Hip Non-Vertebral Fractures on Mortality","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/population-wide-impact-of-non-hip-non-vertebral-fractures-on-mortality-recepxggev7kycyuc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thach Tran","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4686-8601","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Garvan Institute of Medical Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01b3dvp57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dana Bliuc","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9682-2313","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Garvan Institute of Medical Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01b3dvp57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tineke van Geel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2022-6552","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Family MedicineResearch School Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI)Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jz4aj89"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudie Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5499-2661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joop P. van den Bergh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3984-2232","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"VieCuri Medisch Centrum","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02kjpb485"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John A Eisman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0323-3366","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Vincent's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/001kjn539"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Piet Geusens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7547-9146","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hasselt University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04nbhqj75"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S M Kaiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3222-3711","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher S Kovacs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5219-9993","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John’s, NL, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04haebc03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa Langsetmo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2245-1657","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tuan V Nguyen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0200-0985","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UNSW Sydney","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Hanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacqueline R Center","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5278-4527","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Faculty of MedicineUniversity of New South WalesSydneyAustralia"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joop van den Bergh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0725-2468","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Internal MedicineVieCuri Medical Centre of Noord-LimburgVenloThe Netherlands"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert G Josse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-6264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephanie M Kaiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7183-5754","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}}],"datePublished":"2017-03-04","abstract":"Data on long-term consequences of non-hip non-vertebral (NHNV) fractures, accounting for approximately two-thirds of all fragility fractures, are scanty. Our study aimed to quantify the population-wide impact of NHNV fractures on mortality. The national population-based prospective cohort study (Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study) included 5526 community dwelling women and 2163 men aged 50 years or older followed from July 1995 to September 2013. Population impact number was used to quantify the average number of people for whom one death would be attributable to fracture and case impact number to quantify the number of deaths out of which one would be attributable to a fracture. There were 1370 fragility fractures followed by 296 deaths in women (mortality rate: 3.49; 95% CI, 3.11 to 3.91), and 302 fractures with 92 deaths in men (5.05; 95% CI, 4.12 to 6.20). NHNV fractures accounted for three-quarters of fractures. In women, the population-wide impact of NHNV fractures on mortality was greater than that of hip and vertebral fractures because of the greater number of NHNV fractures. Out of 800 women, one death was estimated to be attributable to a NHNV fracture, compared with one death in 2000 women attributable to hip or vertebral fracture. Similarly, out of 15 deaths in women, one was estimated to be attributable to a NHNV fracture, compared with one in over 40 deaths for hip or vertebral fracture. The impact of forearm fractures (ie, one death in 2400 women and one out of 42 deaths in women attributable to forearm fracture) was similar to that of hip, vertebral, or rib fractures. Similar, albeit not significant, results were noted for men. The study highlights the important contribution of NHNV fractures on mortality because many NHNV fracture types, except for the most distal fractures, have serious adverse consequences that affect a significant proportion of the population.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Bone and Mineral Research : the Official Journal of the American  Society for Bone and Mineral Research"}}},"pageStart":"1802","pageEnd":"1810","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.3118","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38931635"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/jbmr.3118"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28256011"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38931635"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-epidemiology-diagnosis-and-clinical-management-yhr5l7hf/","name":"Endometriosis: Epidemiology, Diagnosis and Clinical Management","headline":"Endometriosis: Epidemiology, Diagnosis and Clinical Management","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-epidemiology-diagnosis-and-clinical-management-yhr5l7hf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Parasar P","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5967-3758"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ozcan P","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0306-6422"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathryn L Terry","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5848-4661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}}],"datePublished":"2017-03-01","abstract":"PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Endometriosis is a disease of adolescents and reproductive-aged women characterized by the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity and commonly associated with chronic pelvic pain and infertility. Here we review the epidemiology of endometriosis as well as potential biomarkers for detection and with the goal of highlighting risk factors that could be used in combination with biomarkers to identify and treat women with endometriosis earlier..\n\nRECENT FINDINGS: Early age at menarche, shorter menstrual length, and taller height are associated with a higher risk of endometriosis while parity, higher body mass index (BMI) and smoking are associated with decreased risk. Endometriosis often presents as infertility or continued pelvic pain despite treatment with analgesics and cyclic oral contraceptive pills.\n\nSUMMARY: Despite a range of symptoms, diagnosis of endometriosis is often delayed due to lack of non-invasive, definitive and consistent biomarkers for diagnosis of endometriosis. Hormone therapy and analgesics are used for treatment of symptomatic endometriosis. However, the efficacy of these treatments are limited as endometriosis often recurs. In this review, we describe potential diagnostic biomarkers and risk factors that may be used as early non-invasive in vitro tools for identification of endometriosis to minimize diagnostic delay and improve reproductive health of patients.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Current obstetrics and gynecology reports"}}},"pageStart":"34","pageEnd":"41","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s13669-017-0187-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49584912"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s13669-017-0187-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29276652"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q49584912"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/interpregnancy-interval-following-miscarriage-and-adverse-pregnancy-outcomes-sys-d0rs0fyd/","name":"Interpregnancy interval following miscarriage and adverse pregnancy outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis","headline":"Interpregnancy interval following miscarriage and adverse pregnancy outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/interpregnancy-interval-following-miscarriage-and-adverse-pregnancy-outcomes-sys-d0rs0fyd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kangatharan C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Labram S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Siladitya Bhattacharya","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6279-7826","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aberdeen Maternity Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0020hse07"}}],"datePublished":"2017-03-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: A short interpregnancy interval (IPI) following a delivery is believed to be associated with adverse outcomes in the next pregnancy. The optimum IPI following miscarriage is controversial. Based on a single large-scale study in Latin and South America, the World Health Organization recommends delaying pregnancy for 6 months after a miscarriage to achieve optimal outcomes in the next pregnancy.\n\nOBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE: Our aim was to determine if a short IPI (<6 months) following miscarriage is associated with adverse outcomes in the next pregnancy.\n\nSEARCH METHODS: Studies were retrieved from MEDLINE, Embase and Pubmed, with no time and language restrictions. The search strategy used a combination of Medical Subject Headings terms for miscarriage, IPI and adverse outcomes. Bibliographies of the retrieved articles were also searched by hand. All studies including women with at least one miscarriage, comparing subsequent adverse pregnancy outcomes for IPIs of less than and more than 6 months were included. Two independent reviewers screened titles and abstracts for inclusion. Characteristics of the studies were extracted and quality assessed using Critical Appraisal Skills Programme criteria. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to compare short (<6 months) versus long (>6 months) IPI following miscarriage in terms of risk of further miscarriage, preterm birth, stillbirth, pre-eclampsia and low birthweight babies in the subsequent pregnancy. Review Manager 5.3 was used for conducting meta-analyses.\n\nOUTCOMES: Sixteen studies including 1 043 840 women were included in the systematic review and data from 10 of these were included in one or more meta-analyses (977 972 women). With an IPI of less than 6 months, the overall risk of further miscarriage (Risk ratio (RR) 0.82 95% CI 0.78, 0.86) and preterm delivery (RR 0.79 95% CI 0.75, 0.83) were significantly reduced. The pooled risks of stillbirth (RR 0.88 95% CI 0.76, 1.02); low birthweight (RR 1.05 95% CI 0.48, 2.29) and pre-eclampsia (RR 0.95 95% CI 0.88, 1.02) were not affected by IPI. Similar findings were obtained in subgroup analyses when IPI of <6 months was compared with IPI of 6-12 months and >12 months.\n\nWIDER IMPLICATIONS: This is the first systematic review and meta-analysis providing clear evidence that an IPI of less than 6 months following miscarriage is not associated with adverse outcomes in the next pregnancy. This information may be used to revise current guidance.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"23","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction update"}}},"pageStart":"221","pageEnd":"231","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmw043","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39013652"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humupd/dmw043"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27864302"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39013652"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/naprotechnology-science-and-the-person-in-human-papillomavirus-hpv-infection-amo-reclxsjixke9mmqge/","name":"NaProTechnology: science and the person in human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among women and preadolescents","headline":"NaProTechnology: science and the person in human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among women and preadolescents","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/naprotechnology-science-and-the-person-in-human-papillomavirus-hpv-infection-amo-reclxsjixke9mmqge/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"José María Murcia Lora","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6654-0929","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Unit of Restaurative Roproductive Medicine, Clinical Consulting G&E, 26002 Logroño, La Rioja, Spain"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"María Luisa Esparza Encina","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pro Persona","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04jy41s17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alcázar-Zambrano JL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Juan Luis Alcázar Zambrano","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pro Persona","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04jy41s17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Martínez-Calvo MÁ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cabrera-Muro R","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7116-5169"},{"@type":"Person","name":"María Luisa Esparza-Encina","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Clinical Research Consulting","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dadc735"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"José María Murcia-Lora","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Clinica Universidad de Navarra","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03phm3r45"}}],"datePublished":"2017-03-01","abstract":"En la actualidad hay suficiente evidencia científica que relaciona directamente adquisición, exposición y prevalencia del virus del papiloma humano (VPH) con el cáncer del cuello de uterino. Por ello, el artículo aborda el VPH en la mujer teniendo en cuenta la naprotecnología, que permite conjugar evidencia científica y planteamientos éticos. Se busca que se tengan en cuenta tanto el aspecto biológico de la sexualidad como la capacidad de hacerse persona en su núcleo sexual. De ahí que se analicen programas dirigidos a la educación sexual, basados tanto en la prevención sanitaria como en la antropología de la sexualidad, y apoyados por las instituciones familiares, que han demostrado una mejor acogida ante los riesgos de las enfermedades de transmisión sexual, y entre ellas la infección por el VPH.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Persona y Bioética"}}},"pageStart":"23","pageEnd":"45","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.5294/pebi.2017.21.1.3","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.5294/pebi.2017.21.1.3"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/contraceptive-failure-in-the-united-states-estimates-from-the-2006-2010-national-recxrs5yr0oakfywr/","name":"Contraceptive Failure in the United States: Estimates from the 2006-2010 National Survey of Family Growth","headline":"Contraceptive Failure in the United States: Estimates from the 2006-2010 National Survey of Family Growth","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/contraceptive-failure-in-the-united-states-estimates-from-the-2006-2010-national-recxrs5yr0oakfywr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Aparna Sundaram","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4076-4756","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guttmacher Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01yrmk064"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Barbara Vaughan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9979-1265","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guttmacher Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01yrmk064"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathryn Kost","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0890-9692","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guttmacher Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01yrmk064"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Akinrinola Bankole","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3220-9477","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guttmacher Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01yrmk064"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lawrence B. Finer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guttmacher Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01yrmk064"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susheela Singh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6738-5089","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guttmacher Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01yrmk064"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"James Trussell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1417-7849","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Princeton University; Office of Population research; Wallaca Hall Princeton New Jersey USA NJ 08544","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hx57361"}}],"datePublished":"2017-03-01","abstract":"CONTEXT: Contraceptive failure rates measure a woman's probability of becoming pregnant while using a contraceptive. Information about these rates enables couples to make informed contraceptive choices. Failure rates were last estimated for 2002, and social and economic changes that have occurred since then necessitate a reestimation.\n\nMETHODS: To estimate failure rates for the most commonly used reversible methods in the United States, data from the 2006-2010 National Survey of Family Growth were used; some 15,728 contraceptive use intervals, contributed by 6,683 women, were analyzed. Data from the Guttmacher Institute's 2008 Abortion Patient Survey were used to adjust for abortion underreporting. Kaplan-Meier methods were used to estimate the associated single-decrement probability of failure by duration of use. Failure rates were compared with those from 1995 and 2002.\n\nRESULTS: Long-acting reversible contraceptives (the IUD and the implant) had the lowest failure rates of all methods (1%), while condoms and withdrawal carried the highest probabilities of failure (13% and 20%, respectively). However, the failure rate for the condom had declined significantly since 1995 (from 18%), as had the failure rate for all hormonal methods combined (from 8% to 6%). The failure rate for all reversible methods combined declined from 12% in 2002 to 10% in 2006-2010.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: These broad-based declines in failure rates reverse a long-term pattern of minimal change. Future research should explore what lies behind these trends, as well as possibilities for further improvements.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"49","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health"}}},"pageStart":"7","pageEnd":"16","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1363/psrh.12017","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37717841"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1363/psrh.12017"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28245088"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37717841"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polycystic-ovary-syndrome-pcos-diagnostic-criteria-and-amh-reccoq913xdj0kfki/","name":"Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), Diagnostic Criteria, and AMH","headline":"Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), Diagnostic Criteria, and AMH","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polycystic-ovary-syndrome-pcos-diagnostic-criteria-and-amh-reccoq913xdj0kfki/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bani Mohammad M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Majdi Seghinsara A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Majid Bani Mohammad","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5033-3140","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Medicine Faculty, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil Branch, Ardabil.Iran. Email: abbas.majdi@yahoo.com"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Abbas Majdi Seghinsara"}],"datePublished":"2017-02-28","abstract":"The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common cause of anovulatory infertility and a notable proportion of women of reproductive age are affected. It may constitute a risk factor for cancer development. Different factors could result in different manifestations and many of these are related to predispositions. It is essential to establish criteria to achieve an exact diagnosis of PCOS, especially among adolescent patients because of the overlap between features of PCO syndrome and physiological findings in puberty. Day by day the technology of ultrasonography is improving and accuracy is increasing, but remains dependent on the specific equipment available. Some factors are inter-related in determining PCOS prognosis. Serum AMH is synthesized by small antral follicles, which are precisely those seen on ultrasound and could help us to diagnose PCOS but there are many aspects that still require elucidation. In this minireview we have attempted to identify some of these correlations.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention : APJCP"}}},"pageStart":"17","pageEnd":"21","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.22034/APJCP.2017.18.1.17","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39152211"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.22034/APJCP.2017.18.1.17"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28240001"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39152211"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/optimizing-natural-fertility-a-committee-opinion-rechyu5vnvihyqdwy/","name":"Optimizing natural fertility: a committee opinion","headline":"Optimizing natural fertility: a committee opinion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/optimizing-natural-fertility-a-committee-opinion-rechyu5vnvihyqdwy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine in collaboration with the Society for Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility.","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"American Society for Reproductive Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Samantha Pfeifer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"American Society for Reproductive Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008x12972"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Samantha Butts"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gregory Fossum"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Clarisa Gracia"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrew La Barbera"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jennifer Mersereau"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Randall Odem"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard Paulson"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alan Penzias"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Margareta Pisarska"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert Rebar"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard Reindollar"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mitchell Rosen"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jay Sandlow"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael Vernon"},{"@type":"Person","name":"No Authors Listed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4186-1435","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad de Granada"}}],"datePublished":"2017-02-24","abstract":"This Committee Opinion provides practitioners with suggestions for optimizing the likelihood of achieving pregnancy in couples/individuals attempting conception who have no evidence of infertility. This document replaces the document of the same name previously published in 2013, Fertil Steril 2013;100(3):631-7.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"107","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"52","pageEnd":"58","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.09.029","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50878267"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.09.029"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28228319"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50878267"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-in-hydatid-cysts-of-morgagni-a-retrospective-cohort-study-of-anoth-recqqjomlfciqm1mk/","name":"Endometriosis in Hydatid Cysts of Morgagni: A Retrospective Cohort Study of  Another Atypical Manifestation of Endometriosis","headline":"Endometriosis in Hydatid Cysts of Morgagni: A Retrospective Cohort Study of  Another Atypical Manifestation of Endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-in-hydatid-cysts-of-morgagni-a-retrospective-cohort-study-of-anoth-recqqjomlfciqm1mk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jeffrey A Gavard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0526-0314","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elena Kraus","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8023-2877","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shweta Gupta","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7154-1272","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}}],"datePublished":"2017-02-22","abstract":"STUDY Objective: To report on the presence and rate of endometriosis in hydatid cysts of Morgagni found at the time of excision surgery for endometriosis and to describe any association of endometriosis in hydatid cysts of Morgagni with preoperative or operative factors.\nDesign: A retrospective cohort study (Canadian Task Force Classification II-2).\nSetting: The Center for Endometriosis at Saint Louis University, a tertiary referral center for endometriosis.\n\nPatients: Women who underwent optimal excision surgery for suspected endometriosis because of chronic pelvic pain and/or infertility and who also had hydatid cysts of Morgagni removed at the time of surgery when found.\n\nInterventions: Preoperative and operative data were collected prospectively.\n\nMain Outcome Measures: The rate of endometriosis in hydatid cysts of Morgagni. Secondary measures included are the rate of hydatid cysts of Morgagni in patients with pelvic pain or infertility with and without endometriosis in the cysts.\n\nResults: The overall prevalence of endometriosis in hydatid cysts of Morgagni was 11.3%. Patients with pelvic pain had a higher rate (although not statistically significant) of hydatid cysts of Morgagni compared with those without pain (21.1% vs 12.5 %, p = .54). Patients with infertility had a higher rate of hydatid cysts of Morgagni compared with those without infertility (38.1% vs 16.7%, p < .001), and there was a higher rate of endometriosis in the hydatid cysts of Morgagni in patients with infertility compared with those without (11.1% vs 0.0%, p < .001).\n\nConclusions: This study is the first known report of endometriosis found within hydatid cysts of Morgagni. With a rate of 11.3% of cysts of Morgagni having endometriosis within them, this study supports a practice of removing hydatid cysts of Morgagni at the time of surgery in order to achieve optimal excision of endometriosis. The rates of hydatid cysts of Morgagni and of endometriosis found within hydatid cysts of Morgagni were higher in patients with infertility. Further studies are needed to evaluate whether excising cysts of Morgagni affects clinical outcomes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"653","pageEnd":"658","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2017.02.011","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38952731"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jmig.2017.02.011"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28216457"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38952731"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-conception-rates-in-subfertile-couples-following-fertility-awareness-tra-recrnmwsmvcznztul/","name":"Natural conception rates in subfertile couples following fertility awareness  training","headline":"Natural conception rates in subfertile couples following fertility awareness  training","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-conception-rates-in-subfertile-couples-following-fertility-awareness-tra-recrnmwsmvcznztul/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Petra Frank‐Herrmann","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1322-0366","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Jenetzky","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5415-8784","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz","sameAs":"https://ror.org/023b0x485"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Gnoth","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6329-4075","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Goeckenjan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2855-2424","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Technische Universität Dresden","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042aqky30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas Strowitzki","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7024-855X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Heidelberg University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/038t36y30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Baur","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"German Society of Surgery","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ew91p29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Petra Frank-Herrmann","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0330-0741","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Gynaecological Endocrinology and Fertility Disorders, University of Heidelberg, Vossstrasse 9, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany. petra.frank-herrmann@med.uni-heidelberg.de","sameAs":"https://ror.org/038t36y30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Günter Freundl","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Jacobs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0808-1365","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Heidelberg University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/038t36y30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Pyper","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oxford","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052gg0110"}}],"datePublished":"2017-02-12","abstract":"Purpose: To analyze cumulative pregnancy rates of subfertile couples after fertility awareness training.\n\nMethods: A prospective observational cohort study followed 187 subfertile women, who had received training in self-observation of the fertile phase of the menstrual cycle with the Sensiplan method, for 8 months. The women, aged 21-47 years, had attempted to become pregnant for 3.5 years on average (range 1-8 years) before study entry. Amenorrhea, known tubal occlusion and severe male factor had been excluded. An additional seven women, who had initially been recruited, became pregnant during the cycle immediately prior to Sensiplan training: this is taken to be the spontaneous pregnancy rate per cycle in the cohort in the absence of fertility awareness training.\n\nResults: The cumulative pregnancy rate of subfertile couples after fertility awareness training was 38% (95% CI 27-49%; 58 pregnancies) after eight observation months, which is significantly higher than the estimated basic pregnancy rate of 21.6% in untrained couples in the same cohort. For couples who had been seeking to become pregnant for 1-2 years, the pregnancy rate increased to 56% after 8 months. A female age above 35 (cumulative pregnancy rate 25%, p = 0.06), couples who had attempted to become pregnant for more than 2 years (cumulative pregnancy rate 17%, p < 0.01), all significantly reduce the chances of conceiving naturally at some point.\n\nConclusions: Training women to identify their fertile window in the menstrual cycle seems to be a reasonable first-line therapy in the management of subfertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"295","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics"}}},"pageStart":"1015","pageEnd":"1024","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-017-4294-z","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40341718"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00404-017-4294-z"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28185073"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40341718"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recommendations-for-practices-utilizing-gestational-carriers-a-committee-opinion-knsyvffv/","name":"Recommendations for practices utilizing gestational carriers: a committee opinion","headline":"Recommendations for practices utilizing gestational carriers: a committee opinion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recommendations-for-practices-utilizing-gestational-carriers-a-committee-opinion-knsyvffv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Electronic address: asrm@asrm.org"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine and Practice Committee of the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology"}],"datePublished":"2017-02-01","abstract":"This document provides the latest recommendations for evaluation of gestational carriers and intended parents. It incorporates recent information from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the US Food and Drug Administration, and the American Association of Tissue Banks, with which all programs offering gestational carrier services must be thoroughly familiar. This document replaces the previous document of the same name, last published in 2015 (Fertil Steril® 2015; 103:e1-8).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"107","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"e3-e10","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.11.007","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.11.007"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28069181"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-peripartum-synthetic-oxytocin-administration-and-depressive-and-a-toprqft9/","name":"Association of peripartum synthetic oxytocin administration and depressive and anxiety disorders within the first postpartum year","headline":"Association of peripartum synthetic oxytocin administration and depressive and anxiety disorders within the first postpartum year","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-peripartum-synthetic-oxytocin-administration-and-depressive-and-a-toprqft9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kroll-Desrosiers AR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nephew BC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Babb JA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Guilarte-Walker Y"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Moore Simas TA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Deligiannidis KM"}],"datePublished":"2017-02-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Due to its potent effects on social behavior, including maternal behavior, oxytocin has been identified as a potential mediator of postpartum depression and anxiety. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between peripartum synthetic oxytocin administration and the development of depressive and anxiety disorders within the first year postpartum. We hypothesized that women exposed to peripartum synthetic oxytocin would have a reduced risk of postpartum depressive and anxiety disorders compared with those without any exposure.\n\nMETHODS: Population-based data available through the Massachusetts Integrated Clinical Academic Research Database (MiCARD) were used to retrospectively (2005-2014) examine this relationship and calculate the relative risk of peripartum synthetic oxytocin for the development of postpartum depressive and anxiety disorders in exposed (n = 9,684) compared to unexposed (n = 37,048) deliveries.\n\nRESULTS: Among deliveries to women with a history of prepregnancy depressive or anxiety disorder, exposure to peripartum oxytocin increased the risk of postpartum depressive or anxiety disorder by 36% (relative risk (RR): 1.36; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.20-1.55). In deliveries to women with no history of prepregnancy depressive or anxiety disorder, exposure to peripartum oxytocin increased the risk of postpartum depressive or anxiety disorder by 32% compared to those not exposed (RR: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.23-1.42).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Contrary to our hypothesis, results indicate that women with peripartum exposure to synthetic oxytocin had a higher relative risk of receiving a documented depressive or anxiety disorder diagnosis or antidepressant/anxiolytic prescription within the first year postpartum than women without synthetic oxytocin exposure.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"34","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Depression and anxiety"}}},"pageStart":"137","pageEnd":"146","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/da.22599","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38992677"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/da.22599"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28133901"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38992677"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/patterns-and-predictors-of-sitting-time-over-ten-years-in-a-large-population-bas-recbavtxdtcnzkzxv/","name":"Patterns and predictors of sitting time over ten years in a large population-based Canadian sample: Findings from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos)","headline":"Patterns and predictors of sitting time over ten years in a large population-based Canadian sample: Findings from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/patterns-and-predictors-of-sitting-time-over-ten-years-in-a-large-population-bas-recbavtxdtcnzkzxv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Klaus Gebel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0330-7756","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Sydney","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarah Pont","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1746-6232","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"New South Wales Department of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03tb4gf50"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ding Ding","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6457-4845","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Sydney","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Adrian Bauman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0369-4621","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Sydney","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Josephine Y. Chau","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6261-2545","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Sydney","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Adrian E Bauman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2762-6842","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Level 6, The Charles Perkins Centre (D17), Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudie Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5499-2661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}}],"datePublished":"2017-01-24","abstract":"Our objective was to describe patterns and predictors of sedentary behavior (sitting time) over 10 years among a large Canadian cohort. Data are from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study, a prospective study of women and men randomly selected from the general population. Respondents reported socio-demographics, lifestyle behaviors and health outcomes in interviewer-administered questionnaires; weight and height were measured. Baseline data were collected between 1995 and 1997 (n = 9418; participation rate = 42%), and at 5- (n = 7648) and 10-year follow-ups (n = 5567). Total sitting time was summed across domain-specific questions at three time points and dichotomized into \"low\" (≤ 7 h/day) and \"high\" (> 7 h/day), based on recent meta-analytic evidence on time sitting and all-cause mortality. Ten-year sitting patterns were classified as \"consistently high\", \"consistently low\", \"increased\", \"decreased\", and \"mixed\". Predictors of sedentary behavior patterns were explored using chi-square tests, ANOVA and logistic regression. At baseline (mean age = 62.1 years ± 13.4) average sitting was 6.9 h/day; it was 7.0 at 5and 10-year follow-ups (p for trend = 0.12). Overall 23% reported consistently high sitting time, 22% consistently low sitting, 14% decreased sitting, 17% increased sitting with 24% mixed patterns. Consistently high sitters were more likely to be men, university educated, full-time employed, obese, and to report consistently low physical activity levels. This is one of the first population-based studies to explore patterns of sedentary behavior (multi-domain sitting) within men and women over years. Risk classification of sitting among many adults changed during follow-up. Thus, studies of sitting and health would benefit from multiple measures of sitting over time.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Prev Med Rep"}},"pageStart":"289","pageEnd":"294","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2017.01.015","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37625779"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.pmedr.2017.01.015"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28180056"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37625779"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chronic-endometritis-and-infertility-rechb8anslz91hhrb/","name":"Chronic endometritis and infertility","headline":"Chronic endometritis and infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chronic-endometritis-and-infertility-rechb8anslz91hhrb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joo Hyun Park","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6388-5975","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Severance Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/044kjp413"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"You Shin Kim","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5775-7464","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"CHA University Gangnam Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05rtdxx03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tae Ki Yoon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6314-451X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"CHA University Gangnam Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05rtdxx03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Woo Sik Lee","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1146-964X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"CHA University Gangnam Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05rtdxx03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hyuntae Park","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8461-7133","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Korea University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40"}}],"datePublished":"2017-01-17","abstract":"Chronic endometritis (CE) is a condition involving the breakdown of the peaceful co-existence between microorganisms and the host immune system in the endometrium. A majority of CE cases produce no noticeable signs or mild symptoms, and the prevalence rate of CE has been found to be approximately 10%. Gynecologists and pathologists often do not focus much clinical attention on CE due to the time-consuming microscopic examinations necessary to diagnose CE, its mild clinical manifestations, and the benign nature of the disease. However, the relationship between CE and infertility-related conditions such as repeated implantation failure and recurrent miscarriage has recently emerged as an area of inquiry. In this study, we reviewed the literature on the pathophysiology of CE and how it may be associated with infertility, as well as the literature regarding the diagnosis and treatment of CE. In addition, we discuss the value of hysteroscopic procedures in the diagnosis and treatment of CE.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"43","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"185","pageEnd":"192","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.5653/cerm.2016.43.4.185","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37585129"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.5653/cerm.2016.43.4.185"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28090456"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37585129"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/directtoconsumer-advertising-of-success-rates-for-medically-assisted-reproductio-p8drpr60/","name":"Direct-to-consumer advertising of success rates for medically assisted reproduction: a review of national clinic websites","headline":"Direct-to-consumer advertising of success rates for medically assisted reproduction: a review of national clinic websites","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/directtoconsumer-advertising-of-success-rates-for-medically-assisted-reproductio-p8drpr60/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Wilkinson J","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3513-4677"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Vail","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8274-2726","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Salford Royal Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027rkpb34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roberts SA"}],"datePublished":"2017-01-12","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: To establish how medically assisted reproduction (MAR) clinics  report success rates on their websites. SETTING: Websites of private and NHS clinics offering in vitro fertilisation  (IVF) in the UK. PARTICIPANTS: We identified clinics offering IVF using the Choose a Fertility  Clinic facility on the website of the Human Fertilisation and Embryology  Authority (HFEA). Of 81 clinics identified, a website could not be found for 2,  leaving 79 for inclusion in the analysis. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Outcome measures reported by clinic  websites. The numerator and denominator included in the outcome measure were of  interest. RESULTS: 53 (67%) websites reported their performance using 51 different outcome  measures. It was most common to report pregnancy (83% of these clinics) or live  birth rates (51%). 31 different ways of reporting pregnancy and 9 different ways  of reporting live birth were identified. 11 (21%) reported multiple birth or  pregnancy rates. 1 clinic provided information on adverse events. It was usual  for clinics to present results without relevant contextual information such as  sample size, reporting period, the characteristics of patients and particular  details of treatments. CONCLUSIONS: Many combinations of numerator and denominator are available for  the purpose of reporting success rates for MAR. The range of reporting options  available to clinics is further increased by the possibility of presenting  results for subgroups of patients and for different time periods. Given the  status of these websites as advertisements to patients, the risk of selective  reporting is considerable. Binding guidance is required to ensure consistent,  informative reporting.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ Open"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012218","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37612210"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012218"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28082363"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37612210"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/per-and-polyfluoroalkyl-substances-pfass-in-food-and-human-dietary-intake-a-revi-rrqinsds/","name":"Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in Food and Human Dietary Intake: A Review of the Recent Scientific Literature","headline":"Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in Food and Human Dietary Intake: A Review of the Recent Scientific Literature","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/per-and-polyfluoroalkyl-substances-pfass-in-food-and-human-dietary-intake-a-revi-rrqinsds/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"José L Domingo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9470","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitat Rovira i Virgili","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g5sqv46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Martí Nadal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1974-6836","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitat Rovira i Virgili","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g5sqv46"}}],"datePublished":"2017-01-12","abstract":"Because of the important environmental presence and the potential human toxicity of per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFASs), in recent years the social and scientific interest in these compounds has notably increased. Special attention has been paid to perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), the most extensively investigated PFASs. Although human exposure to PFASs may occur through different pathways, dietary intake seems to be the main route of exposure to these compounds. In 2012, we published a wide revision on the state of the science regarding the concentrations of PFASs in foodstuffs, the human dietary exposure to these compounds, and their health risks. In the present review, we have updated the information recently (2011-2016) published in the scientific literature. As in our previous review, we have also observed considerable differences in the PFASs detected-and their concentrations-in the food items analyzed in samples from a number of regions and countries. However, fish and other seafood seem to be the food group in which more PFASs are detected and where the concentrations of these compounds are higher. On the basis of the recommendations of the EFSA on the maximum dietary intakes of PFOS and PFOA, human health risks would not be of concern for nonoccupationally exposed populations, at least in the very limited countries for which recent data are available.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"65","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry"}}},"pageStart":"533","pageEnd":"543","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.6b04683","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39041060"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1021/acs.jafc.6b04683"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39041060"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effects-of-tomato-juice-on-male-infertility-rec3ka76whxp3cboc/","name":"The effects of tomato juice on male infertility","headline":"The effects of tomato juice on male infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effects-of-tomato-juice-on-male-infertility-rec3ka76whxp3cboc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Koichi Aizawa","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Research and Development Division, Kagome, Nasushiobara, Japan."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kuniko Furui","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Pharmacy, International University of Health and Welfare Hospital, Nasushiobara, Japan."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yasuko Hirano","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Pharmacy, International University of Health and Welfare Hospital, Nasushiobara, Japan."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Takahiro Inakuma","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Research and Development Division, Kagome, Nasushiobara, Japan."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Teruaki Iwamoto","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Infertility and IVF, International University of Health and Welfare Hospital, Nasushiobara, Japan."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mika Karamatsu","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Infertility and IVF, International University of Health and Welfare Hospital, Nasushiobara, Japan."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Makiko Mieno","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Information, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tatsuya Miyashita","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Research and Development Division, Kagome, Nasushiobara, Japan."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ikuo Sato","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, International University of Health and Welfare Hospital, Nasushiobara, Japan."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hiroyuki Suganuma","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Research and Development Division, Kagome, Nasushiobara, Japan."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yu Yamamoto","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9667-0572","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Research and Development Division, Kagome, Nasushiobara, Japan. Email: Yu_Yamamoto@kagome.co.jp."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kazumitsu Yamazaki","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Urology, International University of Health and Welfare Hospital, Nasushiobara, Japan."}}],"datePublished":"2017-01-05","abstract":"BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the effects of tomato juice consumption on seminal plasma lycopene levels and sperm parameters in infertile men.\n\nMETHODS AND\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: Subjects were male infertility patients with poor sperm concentration (<20×10 6/mL) and/or motility (<50%). Following a fourweek observation period, subjects were randomly assigned among three groups: a tomato juice group, an antioxidant group, and a control group. The subjects in the tomato juice group and the antioxidant group daily consumed one can of tomato juice (containing 30 mg of lycopene) or one antioxidant capsule (containing vitamin C 600 mg, vitamin E 200 mg, and glutathione 300 mg), respectively, for 12 weeks (feeding period). Seminal plasma lycopene levels and sperm parameters were measured every 6 weeks during the feeding period.\n\nRESULTS: Forty-four patients completed the study (control group: 12, antioxidant group: 15, tomato juice group: 17). In the tomato juice group, plasma lycopene level was significantly increased at the 12th week of the feeding period. Moreover, a decrease in seminal plasma white blood cells and an increase in sperm motility in the tomato juice group were statistically significant at the 12th and 6th weeks, respectively, compared to the control group. In the antioxidant capsule group, no significant improvement was observed in semen parameters.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, regular consumption of tomato juice seems to improve sperm motility in infertile patients. This is the first report to show that commercially available food, such as tomato juice, might be beneficial for male infertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"26","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition"}}},"pageStart":"65","pageEnd":"71","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.6133/apjcn.102015.17","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52807331"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.6133/apjcn.102015.17"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28049263"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q52807331"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/tridimensional-visualization-and-analysis-of-early-human-development-2sm24otn/","name":"Tridimensional Visualization and Analysis of Early Human Development","headline":"Tridimensional Visualization and Analysis of Early Human Development","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/tridimensional-visualization-and-analysis-of-early-human-development-2sm24otn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Belle M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Godefroy D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Couly G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Samuel A Malone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6824-6854","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Collier F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paolo Giacobini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3075-1441","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chédotal A"}],"datePublished":"2017-01-01","abstract":"Generating a precise cellular and molecular cartography of the human embryo is essential to our understanding of the mechanisms of organogenesis in normal and pathological conditions. Here, we have combined whole-mount immunostaining, 3DISCO clearing, and light-sheet imaging to start building a 3D cellular map of the human development during the first trimester of gestation. We provide high-resolution 3D images of the developing peripheral nervous, muscular, vascular, cardiopulmonary, and urogenital systems. We found that the adult-like pattern of skin innervation is established before the end of the first trimester, showing important intra- and inter-individual variations in nerve branches. We also present evidence for a differential vascularization of the male and female genital tracts concomitant with sex determination. This work paves the way for a cellular and molecular reference atlas of human cells, which will be of paramount importance to understanding human development in health and disease. PAPERCLIP.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cell"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2017.03.008","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.cell.2017.03.008"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28340341"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2016-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2016-9qbgnebf/","name":"DIR Jahrbuch 2016 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2016)","headline":"DIR Jahrbuch 2016 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2016)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2016-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2016-9qbgnebf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register e.V."}],"datePublished":"2017-01-01","abstract":"Annual report (Jahrbuch) of the Deutsches IVF-Register (DIR) for treatment year 2016. DIR is the German national IVF/ICSI registry, founded 1982 — the oldest continuously operating ART registry. Voluntary professional-society database with high de-facto coverage of German fertility centres. Reports cycles, transfers, pregnancies and clinical outcomes by treatment type (IVF, ICSI, frozen embryo transfer, donor). German-language registry document. Used as a Phase B historical-archive source for the ART Registry Comparison study (cross-registry classification by reporting completeness on 7 framework dimensions).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register Jahrbuch"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-in-adolescents-a-systematic-review-recei9058i2uxcqlo/","name":"Endometriosis in Adolescents: A Systematic Review","headline":"Endometriosis in Adolescents: A Systematic Review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-in-adolescents-a-systematic-review-recei9058i2uxcqlo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Chan BT"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shweta Gupta","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7154-1272","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexander C. Tsai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6397-7917"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sam Gieg","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}}],"datePublished":"2017-01-01","abstract":"Introduction The aim of this manuscript is to present a systematic review of characteristics and management of endometriosis in adolescents in order to gain some relevant insight into the most appropriate clinical management of the disease. Methods The literature review was done using electronic database PubMed focusing on the terms ‘adolescents’, ‘endometriosis’, ‘teenagers’, ‘pain’, ‘infertility’, ‘quality of life’, ‘medical’ and ‘surgical management’ from 1980 onward and was limited to articles in English. Articles were only included if they reported original relevant research. Results The 24 studies selected for review included 1148 adolescents with laparoscopic proven endometriosis. The diagnosis of endometriosis was histologically confirmed in 39.02% (448/1148) of cases. The results from trials have been tabulated and main results presented in a question and answer format. Conclusions The majority of adolescent girls with chronic pelvic pain not responding to conventional medical therapy have endometriosis (up to 80%). Laparoscopy with biopsy is the only way to diagnose endometriosis in the adolescent population, and depends on recognition of atypical manifestations of the disease. Surgical management (especially by an expert surgeon) has been shown to be beneficial in reducing pain, improving infertility, and preventing progression or recurrence of disease. Postoperative hormonal suppression helps reduce pain symptoms and recurrence of endometriomas, but it does not seem to prevent disease recurrence or progression of peritoneal endometriosis, and has not been shown to improve future fertility. Postoperative suppression until pregnancy is based on expert opinion only. There is a need for good quality properly randomized trials.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Endometriosis and Pelvic Pain Disorders"}}},"pageStart":"17","pageEnd":"29","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.5301/je.5000264","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.5301/je.5000264"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptives-cause-evolutionarily-novel-increases-in-hormone-exposure-d4iq3zse/","name":"Oral contraceptives cause evolutionarily novel increases in hormone exposure: A risk factor for breast cancer","headline":"Oral contraceptives cause evolutionarily novel increases in hormone exposure: A risk factor for breast cancer","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptives-cause-evolutionarily-novel-increases-in-hormone-exposure-d4iq3zse/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lovett JL","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3710-9400"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chima MA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wexler JK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arslanian KJ","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6763-2163"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Friedman AB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yousif CB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Strassmann BI","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3783-7977"}],"datePublished":"2017-01-01","abstract":"Background and objectives: In the evolutionary past, women spent most of their reproductive lives either pregnant or in lactational amenorrhea, and rarely menstruated. The current pattern of frequent menses, and the associated increase in endogenous hormonal exposure, has been implicated in the current breast cancer epidemic. It is not known, however, whether oral contraceptives further increase, or actually decrease, hormonal exposure over one menstrual cycle. Here, we examined variation in hormonal exposure across seven oral contraceptive (OC) formulations, and produced the first quantitative comparison of exogenous versus endogenous hormone exposure. Methodology: Data from 12 studies of serum estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) were aggregated to create a composite graph of endogenous hormone levels over one menstrual cycle in European or American women (age 19-40 years). Pharmacokinetic package insert data, also from Western women, were used to calculate exposures for hormones in seven different OC formulations. Endogenous and exogenous hormone levels were compared after adjusting for the relative binding affinity (RBA) of progestin to the progesterone receptor and ethinyl estradiol (EE) to the estrogen receptor. Results: After adjusting for RBA, median ethinyl estradiol exposure across 28 days in the OCs was 11.4 nmol/l, similar to median E2 exposure. One formulation, however, was 40% higher in ethinyl estradiol exposure relative to median endogenous estradiol. Median exposure from progestins in OCs (1496 nmol/l) was 4-fold higher than the median endogenous exposure from P4 (364 nmol/l). Exposure from OC progestins ranged from one sixtieth to 8-fold median endogenous P4 over 28 days. Conclusions and implications: Given that breast cancer risk increases with hormonal exposure, our finding that four widely prescribed formulations more than quadruple progestin exposure relative to endogenous progesterone exposure is cause for concern. As not all formulations produce the same exposures, these findings are pertinent to contraceptive choice. We also identify critical gaps in the provision of relevant data on pharmacokinetics and carcinogenicity by drug manufacturers.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2017","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Evolution, medicine, and public health"}}},"pageStart":"97","pageEnd":"108","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/emph/eox009","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33862767"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/emph/eox009"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28685096"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33862767"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/systematic-review-of-premenstrual-postmenstrual-and-infertility-disorders-of-vit-dksyiejc/","name":"Systematic Review of Premenstrual, Postmenstrual and Infertility Disorders of Vitex Agnus Castus","headline":"Systematic Review of Premenstrual, Postmenstrual and Infertility Disorders of Vitex Agnus Castus","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/systematic-review-of-premenstrual-postmenstrual-and-infertility-disorders-of-vit-dksyiejc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rafieian-Kopaei M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3190-7863"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Movahedi M"}],"datePublished":"2017-01-01","abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Vitex agnus-castus, also called vitex is aboriginal to the Mediterranean region, with long leaves, tender stem, flowers and ripening seeds. The aim of this study was to overview premenstrual, postmenstrual and infertility disorder of Vitex agnus-castus.\n\nMETHODS: This review article was carried out by searching studies in PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, and IranMedex databases. The initial search strategy identified about 87 references. In this study, 43 studies were accepted for further screening, and met all our inclusion criteria (in English, full text, therapeutic effects of Vitex agnus-castus and dated mainly from the year 2009 to 2016). The search terms were Vitex agnus-castus, premenstrual, postmenstrual, infertility disorder properties and pharmacological effects.\n\nRESULT: Vitex agnus-castus was shown to contribute to the treatment of premenstrual syndrome (PMS). Moreover, the result of the present study showed that this valuable plant is helpful in alleviation of pain resulting from postmenstrual disease. Furthermore, it was found that Vitex agnus-castus is beneficial in infertility disorder.\n\nCONCLUSION: Vitex agnus-castus (AC) is a phytopharmaceutical compound and is shown to be widely used to treat PMS and PMDD. In addition, it was shown to be beneficial in post-menstrual cases and it can also contribute to treatment of infertility cases in both men and women. Dopaminergic compounds available in this plant help to treat premenstrual mastodynia as well as other symptoms of the premenstrual syndrome.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Electronic physician"}}},"pageStart":"3685","pageEnd":"3689","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.19082/3685","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37641374"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.19082/3685"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28243425"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37641374"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-sixth-vital-sign-what-reproduction-tells-us-about-overall-health-proceedings-dkiailpf/","name":"The sixth vital sign: what reproduction tells us about overall health. Proceedings from a NICHD/CDC workshop","headline":"The sixth vital sign: what reproduction tells us about overall health. Proceedings from a NICHD/CDC workshop","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-sixth-vital-sign-what-reproduction-tells-us-about-overall-health-proceedings-dkiailpf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marcelle I. Cedars","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3682-6907","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Taymans SE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"DePaolo LV"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lee Warner","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Moss SB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eisenberg ML","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5482-0141"}],"datePublished":"2017-01-01","abstract":"STUDY QUESTION: Does the fertility status of an individual act as a biomarker for their future health?\n\nSUMMARY ANSWER: Data support an association between reproductive health and overall health for men and women.\n\nWHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN: Various chronic conditions, such as diabetes, obesity and cancer, can compromise fertility, but there are limited data for the converse situation, in which fertility status can influence or act as a marker for future health. Data reveal an association between infertility and incident cardiovascular disease and cancer in both men and women.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN SIZE AND DURATION: A National Institute of Child Health and Human Development-Centers for Disease Control and Prevention workshop in April 2016 was convened that brought together experts in both somatic diseases and conditions, and reproductive health. Goals of the workshop included obtaining information about the current state of the science linking fertility status and overall health, identifying potential gaps and barriers limiting progress in the field, and outlining the highest priorities to move the field forward.\n\nPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS SETTING AND METHODS: Approximately 40 experts participated in the workshop.\n\nMAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: While the etiology remains uncertain for infertility, there is evidence for an association between male and female infertility and later health. The current body of evidence suggests four main categories for considering biological explanations: genetic factors, hormonal factors, in utero factors, and lifestyle/health factors. These categories would be key to include in future studies to develop a comprehensive and possibly standardized look at fertility status and overall health. Several themes emerged from the group discussion including strategies for maximizing use of existing resources and databases, the need for additional epidemiologic studies and public health surveillance, development of strategies to frame research so results could ultimately influence clinical practice, and the identification of short and long-term goals and the best means to achieve them.\n\nLIMITATIONS REASONS FOR CAUTION: Further research may not indicate an association between fertility status and overall health.\n\nWIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: Currently medical care is compartmentalized. Reproductive medicine physicians treat patients for a short period of time before they transition to others for future care. Going forward, it is critical to take an interdisciplinary patient care approach that would involve experts in a broad range of medical specialties in order to more fully understand the complex interrelationships between fertility and overall health. If infertility is confirmed as an early marker of chronic disease then screening practices could be adjusted, as they are for patients with a family history of malignancy.\n\nSTUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS: Funding for the workshop was provided by the Fertility and Infertility Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health and the Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control. There are no conflicts of interest to declare. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the National Institutes of Health.\n\nTRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: Not applicable.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2017","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction open"}}},"pageStart":"hox008","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/hropen/hox008","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64124172"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/hropen/hox008"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30895226"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q64124172"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/epigenetic-influences-during-the-periconception-period-and-assisted-reproduction-hg49gwfk/","name":"Epigenetic Influences During the Periconception Period and Assisted Reproduction","headline":"Epigenetic Influences During the Periconception Period and Assisted Reproduction","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/epigenetic-influences-during-the-periconception-period-and-assisted-reproduction-hg49gwfk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Amoako AA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nafee TM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bolanle Ola","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9828-3365","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Griffith University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02sc3r913"}}],"datePublished":"2017-01-01","abstract":"The periconception period starts 6 months before conception and lasts until the tenth week of gestation. In this chapter, we will focus on epigenetic modifications to DNA and gene expression within this period and during assisted reproduction. There are two critical times during the periconception window when significant epigenetic 'reprogramming' occur: one during gametogenesis and another during the pre-implantation embryonic stage. Furthermore, assisted conception treatments, laboratory protocols and culture media can affect the embryo development and birth weights in laboratory animals. There is, however, an ongoing debate as to whether epigenetic changes in humans, causing embryo mal-development, placenta dysfunction and birth defects, result from assisted reproductive technologies or are consequences of pre-existing medical and/or genetic conditions in the parents. The periconception period starts from ovarian folliculogenesis, through resumption of oogenesis, fertilisation, peri-implantation embryo development, embryogenesis until the end of organogenesis. In men, it is the period from spermatogenesis to epididymal sperm storage and fertilisation. Gametes and developing embryos are sensitive to environmental factors during this period, and epigenetic modifications can occur in response to adverse lifestyles and environmental factors. We now know that lifestyle factors such as advanced parentage age, obesity or undernutrition, smoking, excessive alcohol and caffeine intake and recreational drugs used during gamete production and embryogenesis could induce epigenetic alterations, which could impact adversely on pregnancy outcomes and health of the offspring. Furthermore, these can also result in a permanent and irreversible effect in a dose-dependent manner, which can be passed on to the future generations.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1014","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology"}},"pageStart":"15","pageEnd":"39","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62414-3_2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38634063"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/978-3-319-62414-3_2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28864983"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38634063"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cartr-plus-2017-annual-report-2016-data-canadian-assisted-reproductive-technolog-mcets41b/","name":"CARTR Plus 2017 Annual Report (2016 Data) - Canadian Assisted Reproductive Technologies Register Plus","headline":"CARTR Plus 2017 Annual Report (2016 Data) - Canadian Assisted Reproductive Technologies Register Plus","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cartr-plus-2017-annual-report-2016-data-canadian-assisted-reproductive-technolog-mcets41b/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Canadian Fertility and Andrology Society; BORN Ontario"}],"datePublished":"2017-01-01","abstract":"CARTR Plus annual report presented at CFAS Annual Meeting October 2016, reporting Canadian ART cycle outcomes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"CFAS / BORN Ontario"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-acupuncture-for-the-treatment-of-endometriosisrelated-pain-a-systemat-rgvcav7n/","name":"Effects of acupuncture for the treatment of endometriosis-related pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis","headline":"Effects of acupuncture for the treatment of endometriosis-related pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-acupuncture-for-the-treatment-of-endometriosisrelated-pain-a-systemat-rgvcav7n/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yan-wen Xu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4201-3621","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/037p24858"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhao W"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tin-Chiu Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9658-3836","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Sheffield, United Kingdom."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ying Zhao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3189-8389","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bu H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Song S"}],"datePublished":"2017-01-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Endometriosis is a multifactorial, oestrogen-dependent, inflammatory, gynaecological condition that can result in long-lasting visceral pelvic pain and infertility. Acupuncture could be an effective treatment for endometriosis and may relieve pain. Our aim in the present study was to determine the effectiveness of acupuncture as a treatment for endometriosis-related pain.\n\nMETHODS: In December 2016, six databases were searched for randomised controlled trials that determined the effectiveness of acupuncture in the treatment of endometriosis-related pain. Ultimately, 10 studies involving 589 patients were included. The main outcomes assessed were variation in pain level, variation in peripheral blood CA-125 level, and clinical effective rate. All analyses were performed using comprehensive meta-analysis statistical software.\n\nRESULTS: Of the 10 studies included, only one pilot study used a placebo control and assessed blinding; the rest used various controls (medications and herbs), which were impossible to blind. The sample sizes were small in all studies, ranging from 8 to 36 patients per arm. The mean difference (MD) in pain reduction (pre- minus post-interventional pain level-measured on a 0-10-point scale) between the acupuncture and control groups was 1.36 (95% confidence intervals [CI] = 1.01-1.72, P<0.0001). Acupuncture had a positive effect on peripheral blood CA-125 levels, as compared with the control groups (MD = 5.9, 95% CI = 1.56-10.25, P = 0.008). Similarly, the effect of acupuncture on clinical effective rate was positive, as compared with the control groups (odds ratio = 2.07; 95% CI = 1.24-3.44, P = 0.005).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Few randomised, blinded clinical trials have addressed the efficacy of acupuncture in treating endometriosis-related pain. Nonetheless, the current literature suggests that acupuncture reduces pain and serum CA-125 levels, regardless of the control intervention used. To confirm these findings, additional, blinded studies with proper controls and adequate sample sizes are needed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"PloS one"}}},"pageStart":"e0186616","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0186616","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43102318"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1371/journal.pone.0186616"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29077705"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43102318"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-in-japan-a-summary-report-of-19922014-by-the-et-t6j8ckvk/","name":"Assisted reproductive technology in Japan: a summary report of 1992-2014 by the Ethics Committee, Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology","headline":"Assisted reproductive technology in Japan: a summary report of 1992-2014 by the Ethics Committee, Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-in-japan-a-summary-report-of-19922014-by-the-et-t6j8ckvk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Irahara M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kuwahara A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Iwasa T et al"}],"datePublished":"2017-01-01","abstract":"Multi-decade summary report covering assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycles performed in Japan from 1992 through 2014, published by the Ethics Committee of the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology (JSOG). Provides longitudinal trends in cycle volume, treatment-type stratification, and outcomes from JSOG-registered ART facilities.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reprod Med Biol"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/rmb2.12014","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47120624"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/rmb2.12014"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29259459"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47120624"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/naprotechnology-for-abnormal-bleeding-and-pcos-in-adolescents-vital-sign-based-e-rec6fff3qhvgz6nzm/","name":"Naprotechnology for Abnormal Bleeding and PCOS in Adolescents: Vital Sign-Based Evaluation","headline":"Naprotechnology for Abnormal Bleeding and PCOS in Adolescents: Vital Sign-Based Evaluation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/naprotechnology-for-abnormal-bleeding-and-pcos-in-adolescents-vital-sign-based-e-rec6fff3qhvgz6nzm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Gonzalez S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5063-789X"}],"datePublished":"2017-01-01","abstract":"The topic of how the menstrual cycle is a vital sign which could signal pathophysiologic process has received considerable attention in the past decade. The current recommendations of various academic groups will be discussed as well as the FertilityTMM Care method of charting and the Naprotechnology approach to evaluating abnormalities of the menstrual cycle. Two clinical scenarios seen in adolescent medicine, PCOS and AUB, will be analyzed looking at the pathophysiology of these clinical scenarios and their management. The approach will be one that conducts an evaluation to try to find the underlying problem and aims to restore the normal physiology of the menstrual cycle.\nThe American Academy of Pediatrics, the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology and the New York Academy of Sciences have published academic statements during the past ten years emphasizing the need for providers to teach patients how to chart and the important clinical ramifications of using this charting as a vital sign. In 2006 the American Academy of Pediatrics published in the Pediatrics Journal a recommendation titled: \"Menstruation in Girls and Adolescents: Using the Menstrual Sign as a Vital Sign.\" In 2015, the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology published a Committee Opinion emphasizing the need to teach women the charting of their menses and the important pathophysiologic process that could be detected with the charting.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Issues in Law & Medicine"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fetal-effects-of-estrogens-progestogens-and-diethylstilbestrol-recixxjarbefu94ba/","name":"Fetal Effects of Estrogens, Progestogens, and Diethylstilbestrol","headline":"Fetal Effects of Estrogens, Progestogens, and Diethylstilbestrol","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fetal-effects-of-estrogens-progestogens-and-diethylstilbestrol-recixxjarbefu94ba/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Zou QX"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qian-Xing Zou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7062-1105","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute of Life Science and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, PR China."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhen Peng","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4716-7460"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qiuhong Zhao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8334-2580","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tennessee Health Science Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0011qv509"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chen HY"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hou-yang Chen"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cheng YM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yimin Cheng","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nanchang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042v6xz23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qing Liu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2745-3440","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nanchang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042v6xz23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"He YQ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yuan-qiao He","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8974-4273"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Weng SQ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shiqi Weng","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nanchang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042v6xz23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hongbo Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0162-5371","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Union Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/055gkcy74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wang HF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tian-Li Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7082-449X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mahindra and Mahindra Limited (India)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01c5dd102"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zheng LP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Li-ping Zheng","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6102-2332"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tao Luo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7146-6121","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute of Life Science and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, PR China luotao@ncu.edu.cn."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joe Leigh Simpson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5309-6881","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"March of Dimes","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04bd5p711"}}],"datePublished":"2017-01-01","pageStart":"290","pageEnd":"298","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39056801","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39056801"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/maternal-morbidity-after-previable-prelabor-rupture-of-membranes-yz1qlyfn/","name":"Maternal Morbidity After Previable Prelabor Rupture of Membranes","headline":"Maternal Morbidity After Previable Prelabor Rupture of Membranes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/maternal-morbidity-after-previable-prelabor-rupture-of-membranes-yz1qlyfn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Dotters-Katz SK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Panzer A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Grace MR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Smid MC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Keku JA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Catherine J. Vladutiu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8840-2199","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Boggess KA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Manuck TA"}],"datePublished":"2017-01-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To identify risk factors for maternal morbidity after previable prelabor rupture of membranes (PROM).\n\nMETHODS: We conducted a case-control study of singleton and twin pregnancies complicated by previable PROM (14.0-22.9 weeks of gestation) at a single tertiary care referral institution, 2000-2015. Pregnancies complicated by fetal anomalies, previable PROM within 2 weeks of chorionic villus sampling or amniocentesis, and those with contraindications to expectant management (eg, chorioamnionitis) were excluded. Cases were women with the primary outcome of composite maternal morbidity (defined as having at one or more of the following: sepsis, intensive care unit admission, acute renal insufficiency, uterine curettage, hysterectomy, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolus, blood transfusion, readmission, or maternal death). Controls were women without the primary composite morbidity. Bivariate analysis compared demographic, clinical, and management characteristics of women in the case group and those in the control group. Multivariable logistic regression models were developed to quantify the association between maternal characteristics and composite severe maternal morbidity.\n\nRESULTS: During the study period, 174 women presented with by previable PROM and were candidates for expectant management. Sixty-five (37%) women opted for immediate delivery; 109 (63%) elected expectant management. Twenty-five of 174 (14%) experienced one or more components of the composite maternal morbidity (cases) and were compared with 149 (86%) women in the control group. Women in the case group were more not more likely to elect expectant management (68% compared with 59%, P=.40), but were more likely to be aged 35 years or older (40% compared with 14%, P=.002) or to be carrying twins (52% compared with 16%, P<.01). In the regression model, twin gestation and age 35 years or older were both significantly associated with increased odds of composite maternal morbidity (odds ratio [OR] 5.62, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.21-14.3 and OR 4.00, 95% CI 1.48-10.8, respectively).\n\nCONCLUSION: Antenatal counseling of women with previable PROM should include that one in seven women experience significant morbidity. Although expectant management was not associated with increased risk in this cohort, women with twins or those aged 35 years or older were at substantially increased risk.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"129","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"101","pageEnd":"106","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0000000000001803","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39123829"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/AOG.0000000000001803"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27926655"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39123829"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-of-transcutaneous-electrical-nerve-stimulation-in-the-treatment-of-chro-dssbeeam/","name":"Efficacy of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in the treatment of chronic pelvic pain","headline":"Efficacy of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in the treatment of chronic pelvic pain","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-of-transcutaneous-electrical-nerve-stimulation-in-the-treatment-of-chro-dssbeeam/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sharma N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rekha K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Srinivasan JK"}],"datePublished":"2017-01-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Chronic pelvic pain is prevalent in 2% of women population globally. The etiology is multifactorial. Even in the absence of pelvic pathology, there is a subgroup of women who do not respond to analgesic and anti-inflammatory therapy. Chronic pelvic pain can be inhibited by direct inhibition of impulses in the preganglionic afferent neuron by closing the hypothetical gate in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is based on the gate control theory of abolishing the painful stimuli by providing simultaneous inputs in larger myelinated nerve fibers.\n\nAIMS AND OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to assess the effectiveness and safety of TENS in idiopathic chronic pelvic pain.\n\nMETHODS: It is a prospective, experimental study to evaluate the effectiveness of TENS versus placebo in reducing pain severity in chronic pelvic pain (G1 = 30, G2 = 32, G3 = 30, and G0 = 30). Patients with chronic pelvic pain due to benign lesions of genital tract, gastrointestinal, and renal disorders were excluded from the study after performing an ultrasound study of abdomen and pelvis. Ten treatment sessions (5 sessions/week) of 30 min were conducted.\n\nOBSERVATIONS AND RESULTS: There was a significant improvement in pain scores in TENS group as compared with control group, and two patients were completely pain free following TENS therapy.\n\nCONCLUSION: In women patients with idiopathic chronic pelvic pain, TENS can be a useful intervention. TENS units are safe, economical, and easily commercially available.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of mid-life health"}}},"pageStart":"36","pageEnd":"39","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.4103/jmh.JMH_60_16","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37721930"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4103/jmh.JMH_60_16"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28458478"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37721930"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reduced-proinflammatory-cytokines-after-eight-weeks-of-lowdose-naltrexone-for-fi-gcfphnil/","name":"Reduced Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines after Eight Weeks of Low-Dose Naltrexone for Fibromyalgia","headline":"Reduced Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines after Eight Weeks of Low-Dose Naltrexone for Fibromyalgia","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reduced-proinflammatory-cytokines-after-eight-weeks-of-lowdose-naltrexone-for-fi-gcfphnil/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Parkitny L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Younger J"}],"datePublished":"2017-01-01","abstract":"1. Biomedicines. 2017 Apr 18;5(2):16. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines5020016.\n\nReduced Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines after Eight Weeks of Low-Dose Naltrexone for\nFibromyalgia.\n\nParkitny L(1), Younger J(2).\n\nAuthor information:\n(1)Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL\n35205, USA. lukeparkitny@interleuk.in.\n(2)Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL\n35205, USA. younger@uab.edu.\n\nFibromyalgia (FM) is a complex, multi-symptom condition that predominantly\naffects women. The majority of those affected are unlikely to gain significant\nsymptomatic control from the few treatments that are approved for FM. In this\n10-week, single-blind, crossover trial we tested the immune effects of eight\nweeks of oral administration of low-dose naltrexone (LDN). We enrolled eight\nwomen with an average age of 46 years, symptom severity of 62 out of 100, and\nsymptom duration of 14 years. We found that LDN was associated with reduced\nplasma concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-1Ra, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6,\nIL-10, IL-12p40, IL-12p70, IL-15, IL-17A, IL-27, interferon (IFN)-α,\ntransforming growth factor (TGF)-α, TGF-β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and\ngranulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF). We also found a 15% reduction of\nFM-associated pain and an 18% reduction in overall symptoms. The findings of\nthis pilot trial suggest that LDN treatment in fibromyalgia is associated with a\nreduction of several key pro-inflammatory cytokines and symptoms. The potential\nrole of LDN as an atypical anti-inflammatory medication should be explored\nfurther.\n\nDOI: 10.3390/biomedicines5020016\nPMCID: PMC5489802\nPMID: 28536359\n\nConflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Biomedicines"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines5020016","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/biomedicines5020016"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28536359"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preconception-tsh-and-pregnancy-outcomes-a-populationbased-cohort-study-in-184-6-ilumz1sf/","name":"Preconception TSH and pregnancy outcomes: a population-based cohort study in 184 611 women","headline":"Preconception TSH and pregnancy outcomes: a population-based cohort study in 184 611 women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preconception-tsh-and-pregnancy-outcomes-a-populationbased-cohort-study-in-184-6-ilumz1sf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Shee-Uan Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5608-7956","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiangjun Zhou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4536-9103","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wenzhou University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/020hxh324"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hang Zhu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8559-3356","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chongqing Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/017z00e58"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Huanming Yang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0858-3410","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gong F","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6361-3811"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Liang Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1461-0438"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Minming Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2375-867X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059cjpv64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yawen Jiang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0498-0662","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Amgen (United States)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03g03ge92"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yan C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jingyi Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4874-2874","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wuhan Union Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0371fqr87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qiuyan Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3538-2403","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangxi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02c9qn167"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Suqun Zhang","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010826a91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hai‐Feng Pan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8218-5747","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Anhui Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xb04968"}}],"datePublished":"2017-01-01","abstract":"This population-based cohort study examined preconception TSH levels and their association with pregnancy outcomes in 184,611 Chinese women planning to conceive. Women were classified into reference (0.48-2.49 mIU/L), upper limit (2.5-4.28 mIU/L), and high TSH (4.29-10 mIU/L) groups. The high normal TSH group showed higher rates of spontaneous abortion, preterm birth, and operative vaginal delivery compared to reference. The high TSH group had higher rates of spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, and preterm births.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical Endocrinology"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cen.13329","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/cen.13329"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28295470"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/laparoscopic-excision-versus-ablation-for-endometriosis-associated-pain-an-updat-rec97cytjdm7amzdp/","name":"Laparoscopic Excision Versus Ablation for Endometriosis-associated Pain: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","headline":"Laparoscopic Excision Versus Ablation for Endometriosis-associated Pain: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/laparoscopic-excision-versus-ablation-for-endometriosis-associated-pain-an-updat-rec97cytjdm7amzdp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jyotsna Pundir","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-8048","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Bartholomew's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00nh9x179"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elias Kovoor","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3085-9321","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Maidstone and Tunbridge Wells NHS Trust","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02yq33n72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gillian Lancaster","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6957-6177","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Keele University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00340yn33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peter Barton‐Smith","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Princess Grace Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024tpjw43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peter Barton-Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1637-7270","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Princess Grace Hospital, London, United Kingdom."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kireki Omanwa","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Nairobi","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y9nww90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vishal Pundir","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Maidstone and Tunbridge Wells NHS Trust","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02yq33n72"}}],"datePublished":"2017-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2017.04.008","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36358983"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jmig.2017.04.008"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28456617"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36358983"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-menstrual-cycle-as-a-vital-sign-the-use-of-naprotechnology-recbk1petmzu36xnn/","name":"The menstrual cycle as a vital sign: the use of naprotechnology","headline":"The menstrual cycle as a vital sign: the use of naprotechnology","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-menstrual-cycle-as-a-vital-sign-the-use-of-naprotechnology-recbk1petmzu36xnn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Shirley Gonzáles"}],"datePublished":"2017-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Issues in Law & Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"277","pageEnd":"286","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50135719","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29108152"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50135719"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/treatment-of-genitopelvic-painpenetration-disorder-rkekeerl/","name":"Treatment of Genito-Pelvic Pain/Penetration Disorder","headline":"Treatment of Genito-Pelvic Pain/Penetration Disorder","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/treatment-of-genitopelvic-painpenetration-disorder-rkekeerl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rapkin A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Masghati S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Grisales T"}],"datePublished":"2017-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Textbook of Clinical Sexual Medicine"},"pageStart":"305","pageEnd":"326","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-52539-6_21","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/978-3-319-52539-6_21"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-familial-risk-of-endometriosis-among-the-female-relatives-of-patients-with-endometriosis-in-greece-recxlvkers2aeuvph/","name":"The Familial Risk of Endometriosis among the Female Relatives of                     Patients with Endometriosis in Greece","headline":"The Familial Risk of Endometriosis among the Female Relatives of                     Patients with Endometriosis in Greece","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-familial-risk-of-endometriosis-among-the-female-relatives-of-patients-with-endometriosis-in-greece-recxlvkers2aeuvph/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Matalliotakis l"},{"@type":"Person","name":"George N Goulielmos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9797-2310","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Crete","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dr28g20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Georgios Koumantakis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Crete","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dr28g20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Charoula Matalliotaki","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9987-8918","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aristotle University of Thessaloniki","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02j61yw88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"loannis Matalliotakis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The General Hospital of Heraklion \"Venizeleio-Pananio\"","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043889z90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michail Matalliotakis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2967-184X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aristotle University of Thessaloniki","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02j61yw88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria I Zervou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6750-3452","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Crete","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dr28g20"}}],"datePublished":"2017-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Endometriosis and Pelvic Pain Disorders"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.5301/jeppd.5000290","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.5301/jeppd.5000290"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-surveillance-united-states-2014-shwtnkhc/","name":"Assisted Reproductive Technology Surveillance - United States, 2014","headline":"Assisted Reproductive Technology Surveillance - United States, 2014","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-surveillance-united-states-2014-shwtnkhc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Saswati Sunderam","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dmitry M. Kissin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6483-0474","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sara B. Crawford","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Suzanne G. Folger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Denise J Jamieson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2597-1201","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lee Warner","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wanda D. Barfield","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5875-0475","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}}],"datePublished":"2017 Feb 10","abstract":"Assisted Reproductive Technology Surveillance - United States, 2014. Sunderam S(1), Kissin DM(1), Crawford SB(1), Folger SG(1), Jamieson DJ(1), Warner L(1), Barfield WD(1). (1)Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC. PROBLEM/CONDITION: Since the first U.S. infant conceived with assisted reproductive technology (ART) was born in 1981, both the use of ART and the number of fertility clinics providing ART services have increased steadily in the United States. ART includes fertility treatments in which eggs or embryos are handled in the laboratory (i.e., in vitro fertilization [IVF] and related procedures). Women who undergo ART procedures are more likely than women who conceive naturally to deliver multiple-birth infants. Multiple births pose substantial risks to both mothers and infants, including obstetric complications, preterm delivery, and low birthweight infants. This report provides state-specific information for the United States (including the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico) on ART procedures performed in 2014 and compares birth outcomes that occurred in 2014 (resulting from ART procedures performed in 2013 and 2014) with outcomes for all infants born in the United States in 2014. PERIOD COVERED: 2014. DESCRIPTION OF SYSTEM: In 1996, CDC began collecting data on ART procedures performed in fertility clinics in the United States as mandated by the Fertility Clinic Success Rate and Certification Act of 1992 (FCSRCA) (Public Law 102-493). Data are collected through the National ART Surveillance System (NASS), a web-based data collection system developed by CDC. This report includes data from 52 reporting areas (the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico). RESULTS: In 2014, a total of 169,568 ART procedures (range: 124 in Wyoming to 21,018 in California) with the intent to transfer at least one embryo were performed in 458 U.S. fertility clinics and reported to CDC. These procedures resulted in 56,028 live-birth deliveries (range: 52 in Wyoming to 7,230 in California) and 68,782 infants born (range: 64 in Wyoming to 8,793 in California). Nationally, the total number of ART procedures performed per million women of reproductive age (15-44 years), a proxy measure of the ART usage rate, was 2,647 (range: 364 in Puerto Rico to 6,726 in Massachusetts). ART use exceeded the national average in 13 reporting areas (Connecticut, Delaware, the District of Columbia, Hawaii, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Virginia). Eight reporting areas (Connecticut, the District of Columbia, Hawaii, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York) had rates of ART use exceeding 1.5 times the national average. Nationally, among ART transfer procedures in patients using fresh embryos from their own eggs, the average number of embryos transferred increased with increasing age of the woman (1.7 among women aged <35 years, 1.9 among women aged 35-37 years, and 2.3 among women aged >37 years). Among women aged <35 years, who typically are considered to be good candidates for elective single embryo transfer (eSET) procedures, the national eSET rate was 28.5% (range: 4.3% in Puerto Rico to 67.9% in Delaware). In 2014, ART contributed to 1.6% of all infants born in the United States (range: 0.4% in Puerto Rico to 4.7% in Massachusetts) and 18.3% of all multiple-birth infants (range: 5.5% in Alaska and West Virginia to 37.3% in Hawaii), including 18.0% of all twin infants (range: 5.2% in some states to 36.2% in Hawaii) and 26.4% of all triplets and higher-order infants (range: 0% in some states to 65.2% in Hawaii). Percentages of live births that were multiple-birth deliveries were higher among infants conceived with ART (39.4%; range: 11.5% in Delaware to 55.6% in Puerto Rico) than among all infants born in the total birth population (3.5%; range: 2.2% in Puerto Rico to 4.4% in New Jersey). Approximately 38.0% of ART-conceived infants were twin infants, and 2.0% were triplets and higher-order infants. ART-conceived twins accounted for approximately 95.3% of all ART-conceived infants born in multiple deliveries. Nationally, infants conceived with ART contributed to 5.5% of all low birthweight (<2,500 g) infants (range: 1.2% in West Virginia to 14.2% in Massachusetts). Among ART-conceived infants, 27.8% were low birthweight (range: 10.6% in Delaware to 44.4% in Puerto Rico), compared with 8.0% among all infants (range: 5.9% in Alaska to 11.3% in Mississippi). ART-conceived infants contributed to 4.7% of all preterm (<37 weeks) infants (range: 1.2% in Puerto Rico to 13.4% in Massachusetts). Percentages of preterm births were higher among infants conceived with ART (33.2%; range: 18.9% in the District of Columbia to 45.9% in Puerto Rico) than among all infants born in the total birth population (11.3%; range: 8.5% in California to 16.0% in Mississippi). The percentage of ART-c","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Surveillance summaries (Washington, D.C. : 2002)"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.ss6606a1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38969629"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.15585/mmwr.ss6606a1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28182605"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38969629"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/delphinidin-rich-maqui-berry-extract-delphinol-lowers-fasting-and-postprandial-g-recwtfk3nfnlwwl5x/","name":"Delphinidin-Rich Maqui Berry Extract (Delphinol®) Lowers Fasting and Postprandial  Glycemia and Insulinemia in Prediabetic Individuals during Oral Glucose Tolerance  Tests","headline":"Delphinidin-Rich Maqui Berry Extract (Delphinol®) Lowers Fasting and Postprandial  Glycemia and Insulinemia in Prediabetic Individuals during Oral Glucose Tolerance  Tests","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/delphinidin-rich-maqui-berry-extract-delphinol-lowers-fasting-and-postprandial-g-recwtfk3nfnlwwl5x/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jorge L Alvarado","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9241-2066","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrés Leschot","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3533-2844","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Monuments Council","sameAs":"https://ror.org/005p07d97"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carolina Lyon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4367-5636","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Álvaro Olivera-Nappa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6053-7019","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047gc3g35"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hernán Rioseco","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1175-1718","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ana M Salgado","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3457-3766","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}}],"datePublished":"2016-12-28","abstract":"Delphinidin anthocyanins have previously been associated with the inhibition of glucose absorption. Blood glucose lowering effects have been ascribed to maqui berry (Aristotelia chilensis) extracts in humans after boiled rice consumption. In this study, we aimed to explore whether a standardized delphinidin-rich extract from maqui berry (Delphinol) affects glucose metabolism in prediabetic humans based on glycemia and insulinemia curves obtained from an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) after a challenge with pure glucose. Volunteers underwent four consecutive OGTTs with at least one week washout period, in which different doses of Delphinol were administered one hour before glucose intake. Delphinol significantly and dose-dependently lowered basal glycemia and insulinemia. Lower doses delayed postprandial glycemic and insulinemic peaks, while higher doses reversed this tendency. Glycemia peaks were dose-dependently lowered, while insulinemia peaks were higher for the lowest dose and lower for other doses. The total glucose available in blood was unaffected by treatments, while the total insulin availability was increased by low doses and decreased by the highest dose. Taken together, these open exploratory results suggest that Delphinol could be acting through three possible mechanisms: by inhibition of intestinal glucose transporters, by an incretin-mediated effect, or by improving insulin sensitivity.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2016","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BioMed Research International"}},"pageStart":"9070537","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/9070537","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37497107"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1155/2016/9070537"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28025651"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37497107"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/densitometer-specific-differences-in-the-correlation-between-body-mass-index-and-recyhxemsf7usg0u8/","name":"Densitometer-Specific Differences in the Correlation Between Body Mass Index and Lumbar Spine Trabecular Bone Score","headline":"Densitometer-Specific Differences in the Correlation Between Body Mass Index and Lumbar Spine Trabecular Bone Score","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/densitometer-specific-differences-in-the-correlation-between-body-mass-index-and-recyhxemsf7usg0u8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Gillian Mazzetti","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudie Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5499-2661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"William D Leslie","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1056-1691","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02gfys938"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Didier Hans","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1826-5958","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bone and Joint Department, Center of Bone Diseases, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa Langsetmo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2245-1657","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Hanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher S Kovacs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5219-9993","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John’s, NL, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04haebc03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S M Kaiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3222-3711","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kelly Davison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1965-4691","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Osteoporosis Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02a7qmj40"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan Adachi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandra Papaioannou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9412-0932","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Shawn Davison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8123-7680","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert G Josse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-6264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephanie M Kaiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7183-5754","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Suzanne N Morin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4317-492X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}}],"datePublished":"2016-12-26","abstract":"Trabecular bone score (TBS) is a gray-level texture measure derived from lumbar spine dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) images that predicts fractures independent of bone mineral density (BMD). Increased abdominal soft tissue in individuals with elevated body mass index (BMI) absorbs more X-rays during image acquisition for BMD measurement and must be accommodated by the TBS algorithm. We aimed to determine if the relationship between BMI and TBS varied between 2 major manufacturers' densitometers, because different densitometers accommodate soft tissues differently. We identified 1919 women and 811 men, participants of the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study, aged ≥40 yr with lumbar spine DXA scans acquired on GE Lunar (4 centers) or Hologic (3 centers) densitometers at year 10 of follow-up. TBS was calculated for L1-L4 (TBS iNsight® software, version 2.1). A significant negative correlation between TBS and BMI was observed when TBS measurements were performed on Hologic densitometers in men (Pearson r = -0.36, p <0.0001) and in women (Pearson r = -0.33, p <0.0001); significant correlations were not seen when TBS was measured on GE Lunar densitometers (Pearson r = 0.00 in men, Pearson r = -0.02 in women). Age-adjusted linear regression models confirmed significant interactions between BMI and densitometer manufacturer for both men and women (p < 0.0001). In contrast, comparable positive correlations were observed between BMD and BMI on both Hologic and GE Lunar densitometers in men and women. In conclusion, BMI significantly affects TBS values in men and women when measured on Hologic but not GE Lunar densitometers. This finding has implications for clinical and research applications of TBS, especially when TBS is measured sequentially on DXA densitometers from different manufacturers or when results from different machines are pooled for analysis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"20","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"J Clin Densitom"}}},"pageStart":"233","pageEnd":"238","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocd.2016.11.003","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38407179"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jocd.2016.11.003"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28034592"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38407179"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/transcranial-rednear-infrared-light-emitting-diode-therapy-to-improve-cognition--rec7cfbch5jwacuyy/","name":"Transcranial, Red/Near-Infrared Light-Emitting Diode Therapy to Improve Cognition  in Chronic Traumatic Brain Injury","headline":"Transcranial, Red/Near-Infrared Light-Emitting Diode Therapy to Improve Cognition  in Chronic Traumatic Brain Injury","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/transcranial-rednear-infrared-light-emitting-diode-therapy-to-improve-cognition--rec7cfbch5jwacuyy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael Ho","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6648-7806","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"VA Boston Healthcare System","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04v00sg98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maxine Krengel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7632-590X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"VA Boston Healthcare System","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04v00sg98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yelena Bogdanova","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0439-8098","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University School","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ap66461"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ross Zafonte","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1050-796X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/011dvr318"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael R Hamblin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6431-4605","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bang-Bon Koo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7423-5572","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Laboratoire d’Imagerie Biomédicale","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02b9znm90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Judith Frazier","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4357-5061","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Northwell Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02bxt4m23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jeffrey A Knight","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7610-7635","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mount Sinai Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05deks119"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paula I Martin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Boston University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Margaret A Naeser","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University School","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ap66461"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Megan K Yee","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"VA Boston Healthcare System","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04v00sg98"}}],"datePublished":"2016-12-22","abstract":"We review the general topic of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and our research utilizing transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) to improve cognition in chronic TBI using red/near-infrared (NIR) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) to deliver light to the head. tPBM improves mitochondrial function increasing oxygen consumption, production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and improving cellular energy stores. Nitric oxide is released from the cells increasing regional blood flow in the brain. Review of published studies: In our previously published study, 11 chronic TBI patients with closed-head TBI caused by different accidents (motor vehicle accident, sports-related, improvised explosive device blast injury) and exhibiting long-lasting cognitive dysfunction received 18 outpatient treatments (Monday, Wednesday, Friday for 6 weeks) starting at 10 months to 8 years post-TBI. LED therapy is nonthermal, painless, and noninvasive. An LED-based device classified as nonsignificant risk (FDA cleared) was used. Each LED cluster head (5.35 cm diameter, 500 mW, 22.2 mW/cm(2)) was applied for 9 min 45 sec (13 J/cm(2)) using 11 locations on the scalp: midline from front-to-back hairline and bilaterally on frontal, parietal, and temporal areas. Testing was performed before and after transcranial LED (tLED; at 1 week, 1 month, and at 2 months after the 18th treatment) and showed significant improvements in executive function and verbal memory. There were also fewer post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms reported. Ongoing studies: Ongoing, current studies involve TBI patients who have been treated with tLED using either 26 J/cm(2) per LED location on the head or treated with intranasal only (iLED) using red (633 nm) and NIR (810 nm) diodes placed into the nostrils. The NIR iLED is hypothesized to deliver photons to the hippocampus, and the red 633 nm iLED is believed to increase melatonin. Results have been similar to the previously published tLED study. Actigraphy sleep data showed increased time asleep (on average one additional hour per night) after the 18th tLED or iLED treatment. LED treatments may be performed in the home. Sham-controlled studies with veterans who have cognitive dysfunction from Gulf War Illness, blast TBI, and TBI/PTSD are currently ongoing.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"34","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Photomedicine and Laser Surgery"}}},"pageStart":"610","pageEnd":"626","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1089/pho.2015.4037","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34547789"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1089/pho.2015.4037"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28001756"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34547789"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effectiveness-of-a-natural-family-planning-service-program-recqo9iki5vjp6m2d/","name":"Effectiveness of a Natural Family Planning Service Program","headline":"Effectiveness of a Natural Family Planning Service Program","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effectiveness-of-a-natural-family-planning-service-program-recqo9iki5vjp6m2d/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Schneider","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8090-4971","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}}],"datePublished":"2016-12-08","abstract":"Purpose: The aims of this study were to determine and compare extended use-effectiveness of an online nurse-managed fertility education service program among women (and subgroups of women) seeking to avoid pregnancy. STUDY DESIGN AND\n\nMethods: This was a 24-month prospective study of a university-based online Web site with 663 nonbreastfeeding women using an online charting system to avoid pregnancy. Participants tracked their fertility online with either cervical mucus monitoring, electronic hormonal fertility monitoring, or both fertility indicators. Unintended pregnancies were validated by professional nurses.\n\nResults: Participants had a mean age of 30.4 years (SD = 6.3) and mean 1.7 children (SD = 2.0). Among the 663 nonbreastfeeding participants there were 2 unintended pregnancies per 100 at 24 cycles of correct use and 15 pregnancies at 24 cycles of typical use. However, the 212 women using the electronic fertility monitor had a typical use unintended pregnancy rate of 6 at 24 cycles of use in comparison with the 118 women using cervical mucus monitoring that had a typical use pregnancy rate of 19 at 24 cycles and with the 333 women using both fertility indicators that had a pregnancy rate of 18 at 24 cycles of use. CLINICAL Implications: Use of the fertility monitor to estimate fertility among nonbreastfeeding women provides the most secure method of avoiding pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"42","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"MCN. The American Journal of Maternal Child Nursing"}}},"pageStart":"43","pageEnd":"49","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/NMC.0000000000000296","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47613276"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/NMC.0000000000000296"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27926599"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47613276"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/delayed-diagnosis-and-a-lack-of-information-associated-with-dissatisfaction-in-w-recjsjcwkt4uukrjd/","name":"Delayed Diagnosis and a Lack of Information Associated With Dissatisfaction in  Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome","headline":"Delayed Diagnosis and a Lack of Information Associated With Dissatisfaction in  Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/delayed-diagnosis-and-a-lack-of-information-associated-with-dissatisfaction-in-w-recjsjcwkt4uukrjd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Melanie Gibson‐Helm","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5043-8786","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Monash University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Helena Teede","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7609-577X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Monash University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrea Dunaif","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4903-9374","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anuja Dokras","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1085-3969","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pennsylvania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Melanie Gibson-Helm","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5527-4194","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia."}}],"datePublished":"2016-12-03","abstract":"Context: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex, chronic, and under-recognized disorder. Diagnosis experience may have lasting effects on well-being and self-management.\n\nObjective: To investigate PCOS diagnosis experiences, information provided, and concerns about PCOS.\nDesign: Cross-sectional study using an online questionnaire.\nSetting: Recruitment via support group web sites in 2015 to 2016.\n\nParticipants: There were 1385 women with a reported diagnosis of PCOS who were living in North America (53.0%), Europe (42.2%), or other world regions (4.9%); of these, 64.8% were 18 to 35 years of age.\n\nMain Outcome Measures: Satisfaction with PCOS diagnosis experience, satisfaction with PCOS information received at the time of diagnosis, and current concerns about PCOS.\n\nResults: One-third or more of women reported >2 years (33.6%) and ≥3 health professionals (47.1%) before a diagnosis was established. Few were satisfied with their diagnosis experience (35.2%) or with the information they received (15.6%). Satisfaction with information received was positively associated with diagnosis satisfaction [odds ratio (OR), 7.0; 95% confidence interval (CI), 4.9 to 9.9]; seeing ≥5 health professionals (OR, 0.5; 95% CI, 0.3 to 0.8) and longer time to diagnosis (>2 years; OR, 0.4; 95% CI, 0.3 to 0.6) were negatively associated with diagnosis satisfaction (independent of time since diagnosis, age, and world region). Women's most common concerns were difficulty losing weight (53.6%), irregular menstrual cycles (50.8%), and infertility (44.5%).\n\nConclusions: In the largest study of PCOS diagnosis experiences, many women reported delayed diagnosis and inadequate information. These gaps in early diagnosis, education, and support are clear opportunities for improving patient experience.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"102","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"604","pageEnd":"612","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2016-2963","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39139730"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jc.2016-2963"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27906550"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39139730"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/heavy-menstrual-bleeding-workup-and-management-u1bysr13/","name":"Heavy menstrual bleeding: work-up and management","headline":"Heavy menstrual bleeding: work-up and management","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/heavy-menstrual-bleeding-workup-and-management-u1bysr13/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A.H. JAMES"}],"datePublished":"2016-12-02","abstract":"Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB), which is the preferred term for menorrhagia, affects approximately 90% of women with an underlying bleeding disorder and approximately 70% of women on anticoagulation. HMB can be predicted on the basis of clots of >=1 inch diameter, low ferritin, and 'flooding' (a change of pad or tampon more frequently than hourly). The goal of the work-up is to determine whether there is a uterine/endometrial cause, a disorder of ovulation, or a disorder of coagulation. HMB manifest by flooding and/or prolonged menses, or HMB accompanied by a personal or family history of bleeding is very suggestive of a bleeding disorder and should prompt a referral to a hematologist. The evaluation will include the patient's history, pelvic examination, and/or pelvic imaging, and a laboratory assessment for anemia, ovulatory dysfunction, underlying bleeding disorder, and in the case of the patient on anticoagulation, assessment for over anticoagulation. The goal of treatment is to reduce HMB. Not only will the treatment strategy depend on whether there is ovulatory dysfunction, uterine pathology, or an abnormality of coagulation, the treatment strategy will also depend on the age of the patient and her desire for immediate or long-term fertility. Hemostatic therapy for HMB may serve as an alternative to hormonal or surgical therapy, and may even be life-saving when used to correct an abnormality of coagulation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Hematology American Society of Hematology Education Program"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1182/asheducation-2016.1.236","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39027757"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1182/asheducation-2016.1.236"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39027757"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estrogenprogestins-and-progestins-for-the-management-of-endometriosis-mopjlara/","name":"Estrogen-progestins and progestins for the management of endometriosis","headline":"Estrogen-progestins and progestins for the management of endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estrogenprogestins-and-progestins-for-the-management-of-endometriosis-mopjlara/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Paolo Vercellini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4195-0996","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016zn0y21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Buggio L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Berlanda N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Barbara G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Edgardo Somigliana","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0223-0032","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016zn0y21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bosari S"}],"datePublished":"2016-12-01","abstract":"Endometriosis is characterized by frequent recurrences of symptoms and lesions even after extirpative surgery. Because medical therapies control but do not cure the disease, long periods of pharmacologic management may be needed until pregnancy desire or, sometimes, physiologic menopause. Hormonal drugs suppress ovulation and menstruation and have similar beneficial effects against pain. However, only estrogen-progestins and progestins have safety/tolerability/cost profiles that allow long-term use. These compounds induce atrophy of eutopic and ectopic endometrium, have antiinflammatory and proapoptotic properties, and can be delivered via different modalities, including oral, transdermal, subcutaneous, intramuscular, vaginal, and intrauterine routes. At least two-thirds of symptomatic women are relieved from pain and achieve appreciable improvements in health-related quality of life. Progesterone resistance may cause nonresponse in the remaining one-third. When using estrogen-progestins continuously, individualized, tailored cycling should be explained to improve compliance. All combinations demonstrated a similar effect on dysmenorrhea, independently from progestin type. Estrogen-progestins with the lowest possible estrogen dose should be chosen to combine optimal lesion suppression and thrombotic risk limitation. Progestins should be suggested in women who do not respond or manifest intolerance to estrogen-progestins and in those with dyspareunia and/or deep lesions. Progestins do not increase significantly the thrombotic risk and generally may be used when estrogens are contraindicated. Estrogen-progestins and progestins reduce the incidence of postoperative endometrioma recurrence and show a protective effect against endometriosis-associated epithelial ovarian cancer risk.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"106","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1552-1571.e2","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.10.022","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.10.022"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27817837"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hypovitaminosis-d-and-small-burden-uterine-fibroids-opportunity-for-a-vitamin-d--qwfn1mel/","name":"Hypovitaminosis D and \"small burden\" uterine fibroids: Opportunity for a vitamin D supplementation","headline":"Hypovitaminosis D and \"small burden\" uterine fibroids: Opportunity for a vitamin D supplementation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hypovitaminosis-d-and-small-burden-uterine-fibroids-opportunity-for-a-vitamin-d--qwfn1mel/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrea Ciavattini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8037-4947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marche Polytechnic University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x69rs40"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Delli Carpini G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Serri M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8989-7584"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vignini A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2496-7932"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sabbatinelli J","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9947-6778"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tozzi A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aggiusti A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Clemente N","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2748-3041"}],"datePublished":"2016-12-01","abstract":"The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of vitamin D supplementation in women with hypovitaminosis D and \"small burden\" uterine fibroids.This study focused on 208 women diagnosed with uterine fibroids and concomitant hypovitaminosis D, from January to December 2014. One hundred eight women of the initial study population were diagnosed with \"small burden\" uterine fibroids. Among them, those who underwent a proper vitamin D supplementation constituted the \"study group\" (n = 53), while women who spontaneously refused the therapy or did not perform it properly, constituted the \"control group\" (n = 55). The characteristics of uterine fibroids, the fibroid-related symptoms, and the vitamin D serum levels were evaluated 12 months after the initial diagnosis.In women with uterine fibroids, a negative correlation emerged between the baseline 25-hydroxy-cholecalciferol (25-OH-D3) concentration and both the volume of the largest fibroid (r = -0.18, P = 0.01) and the total volume of fibroids (r = -0.19, P = 0.01). No correlation was found between the baseline 25-OH-D3 levels and the number of fibroids per patient (r = -0.10, P = 0.16). In women of the \"study group,\" a significant increase in the 25-OH-D3 serum level was observed after 12 months of supplementation, and a lower rate of surgical or medical treatment due to the \"progression to extensive disease\" was reported (13.2% vs 30.9%, P = 0.05).Supplementation therapy with 25-OH-D3 restores normal vitamin D serum levels in women with \"small burden\" fibroids. In these women, vitamin D supplementation seems to reduce the progression to an extensive disease, and thus the need of conventional surgical or medical therapy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"95","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"52","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"e5698","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000005698","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37552132"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/MD.0000000000005698"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28033263"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37552132"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/no-common-denominator-a-review-of-outcome-measures-in-ivf-rcts-skisrqwy/","name":"No common denominator: a review of outcome measures in IVF RCTs","headline":"No common denominator: a review of outcome measures in IVF RCTs","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/no-common-denominator-a-review-of-outcome-measures-in-ivf-rcts-skisrqwy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Wilkinson J","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3513-4677"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roberts SA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marian Showell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1227-4303","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Auckland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03b94tp07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brison DR","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4307-1293"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Vail","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8274-2726","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Salford Royal Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027rkpb34"}}],"datePublished":"2016-12-01","abstract":"STUDY QUESTION: Which outcome measures are reported in RCTs for IVF? SUMMARY ANSWER: Many combinations of numerator and denominator are in use, and are often employed in a manner that compromises the validity of the study. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: The choice of numerator and denominator governs the meaning, relevance and statistical integrity of a studys results. RCTs only provide reliable evidence when outcomes are assessed in the cohort of randomised participants, rather than in the subgroup of patients who completed treatment. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: Review of outcome measures reported in 142 IVF RCTs published in 2013 or 2014. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: Trials were identified by searching the Cochrane Gynaecology and Fertility Specialised Register. English-language publications of RCTs reporting clinical or preclinical outcomes in peer-reviewed journals in the period 1 January 2013 to 31 December 2014 were eligible. Reported numerators and denominators were extracted. Where they were reported, we checked to see if live birth rates were calculated correctly using the entire randomised cohort or a later denominator. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: Over 800 combinations of numerator and denominator were identified (613 in no more than one study). No single outcome measure appeared in the majority of trials. Only 22 (43%) studies reporting live birth presented a calculation including all randomised participants or only excluding protocol violators. A variety of definitions were used for key clinical numerators: for example, a consensus regarding what should constitute an ongoing pregnancy does not appear to exist at present. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: Several of the included articles may have been secondary publications. Our categorisation scheme was essentially arbitrary, so the frequencies we present should be interpreted with this in mind. The analysis of live birth denominators was post hoc. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: There is massive diversity in numerator and denominator selection in IVF trials due to its multistage nature, and this causes methodological frailty in the evidence base. The twin spectres of outcome reporting bias and analysis of non-randomised comparisons do not appear to be widely recognised. Initiatives to standardise outcome reporting, such as requiring all effectiveness studies to report live birth or cumulative live birth, are welcome. However, there is a need to recognise that early outcomes of treatment, such as stimulation response or embryo quality, may be appropriate choices of primary outcome for early phase studies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dew227","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/dew227"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27664214"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/types-of-oral-contraceptives-and-breast-cancer-survival-among-women-enrolled-in--reckhjqljv1upyomt/","name":"Types of oral contraceptives and breast cancer survival among women enrolled in  Medicaid: A competing-risk model","headline":"Types of oral contraceptives and breast cancer survival among women enrolled in  Medicaid: A competing-risk model","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/types-of-oral-contraceptives-and-breast-cancer-survival-among-women-enrolled-in--reckhjqljv1upyomt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marsha E Samson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8634-2911","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of South Carolina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02b6qw903"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Swann Arp Adams","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5779-6802","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of South Carolina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02b6qw903"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Caroline Mulatya","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5959-6991","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of South Carolina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02b6qw903"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jinna Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0912-1197","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Charles L Bennett","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8645-5705","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of South Carolina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02b6qw903"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"James R. Hébert","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0677-2672","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of South Carolina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02b6qw903"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan E Steck","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3201-9537","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of South Carolina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02b6qw903"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"James Hebert","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0764-0964","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, United States; Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, United States."}}],"datePublished":"2016-11-28","abstract":"Introduction: Oral contraceptive pills have been implicated in the pathophysiology of breast cancer. Although many studies have examined the relationship between combined oral contraceptives (COCs) and breast cancer, there is a paucity of literature that discusses progestin-only oral contraceptives (POCs) and breast cancer. The purpose of this investigation is to examine potential associations between different types of oral contraceptives and breast cancer mortality in the South Carolina Medicaid population among different racial/ethnic groups.\n\nMethods: Subjects included 4816 women diagnosed with breast cancer between 2000 and 2013. Kaplan-Meier curves were calculated to determine time-to-mortality rates among users of oral contraceptives. Competing-risks models and Cox multivariate survival models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of breast cancer and other-cause mortality, as well as all-cause mortality.\n\nResults: POCs were associated with a significantly decreased risk of breast cancer mortality (HR: 0.07; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.52) and a non-significant increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR: 1.04; 95% CI: 0.52, 2.07). COCs increased the risk of breast cancer mortality (HR: 1.61; 95% CI: 1.14, 2.28) and all-cause mortality (HR: 1.83; 95% CI: 1.30, 2.57).\n\nConclusion: Use of POCs may be associated with a decreased risk of breast cancer mortality. Due to the small sample size of POC users in the current study, additional research is needed to confirm these findings.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"95","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Maturitas"}},"pageStart":"42","pageEnd":"49","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2016.10.014","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40456484"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.maturitas.2016.10.014"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27889052"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40456484"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/premenopausal-osteoporosis-rec5d7u1vdfaiwmp4/","name":"Premenopausal Osteoporosis","headline":"Premenopausal Osteoporosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/premenopausal-osteoporosis-rec5d7u1vdfaiwmp4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Adi Cohen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4189-8980","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2016-11-24","abstract":"Most premenopausal women with low trauma fracture(s) or low bone mineral density have a secondary cause of osteoporosis or bone loss. Where possible, treatment of the underlying cause should be the focus of management. Premenopausal women with an ongoing cause of bone loss and those who have had, or continue to have, low trauma fractures may require pharmacologic intervention. Clinical trials provide evidence of benefits of bisphosphonates and teriparatide for bone mineral density in several types of premenopausal osteoporosis, but studies are small and do not provide evidence regarding fracture risk reduction.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"46","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America"}}},"pageStart":"117","pageEnd":"133","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecl.2016.09.007","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39107524"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ecl.2016.09.007"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28131128"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39107524"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sleep-circadian-rhythms-and-fertility-5pf3gwo2/","name":"Sleep, Circadian Rhythms, and Fertility","headline":"Sleep, Circadian Rhythms, and Fertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sleep-circadian-rhythms-and-fertility-5pf3gwo2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Goldstein CA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Smith YR"}],"datePublished":"2016-11-21","abstract":"Adequate sleep is crucial for general health and wellbeing. Although the neuronal control of the reproductive axis and sleep-generating neurons share an anatomical location, little is known regarding the impact of sleep and circadian disruption on fertility in women. Animal models have established clear circadian control of the pre-ovulatory luteinizing hormone surge. Additionally, disruption of the circadian timing system by exposure to abnormal light-dark cycles or mutations of core clock genes results in diminished reproductive capacity in animals. Abnormalities in menstruation, fertility, and early pregnancy maintenance in female shift workers provide evidence for a role of circadian rhythms in the reproductive health of women. Reproductive hormones may modify sleep, and the relationship is bidirectional such that sleep disruption may alter the profile of reproductive hormone secretion. Therefore, sleep, apart from its circadian timing, may also have relevance in attaining pregnancy. Additionally, infertility is associated with psychological distress which may result in poor quality sleep. The interaction between psychological distress and disturbed sleep in reproduction has garnered minimal attention and may be a crucial factor to consider during the evaluation and treatment of infertility. This work reviews animal models and evidence in women that suggest a role for sleep and circadian rhythms in reproductive health and reveals areas that require future investigation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Current Sleep Medicine Reports"}}},"pageStart":"206","pageEnd":"217","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s40675-016-0057-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30104777"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s40675-016-0057-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q30104777"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/does-levonorgestrel-emergency-contraceptive-have-a-post-fertilization-effect-a-r-recbjjarbk4befesh/","name":"Does levonorgestrel emergency contraceptive have a post-fertilization effect? A review of its mechanism of action","headline":"Does levonorgestrel emergency contraceptive have a post-fertilization effect? A review of its mechanism of action","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/does-levonorgestrel-emergency-contraceptive-have-a-post-fertilization-effect-a-r-recbjjarbk4befesh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rebecca Peck","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2399-5560","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Florida State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05g3dte14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W Alter Rella"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Julio Tudela","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8386-7737","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitat de València","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043nxc105"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Justo Aznar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4579-7730","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitat de València","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043nxc105"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bruno Mozzanega","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8649-0693","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Padua","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00240q980"}}],"datePublished":"2016-11-12","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Recent studies have identified that levonorgestrel administered orally in emergency contraception (LNG-EC) is only efficacious when taken before ovulation. However, the drug does not consistently prevent follicular rupture or impair sperm function.\n\nOBJECTIVE: The present systematic review is performed to analyze and more precisely define the extent to which pre-fertilization mechanisms of action may explain the drug's efficacy in pregnancy avoidance. We also examine the available evidence to determine if pre-ovulatory drug administration may be associated with post-fertilization effects.\n\nCONCLUSION: The mechanism of action of LNG-EC is reviewed. The drug has no ability to alter sperm function at doses used in vivo and has limited ability to suppress ovulation. Our analysis estimates that the drug's ovulatory inhibition potential could prevent less than 15 percent of potential conceptions, thus making a pre-fertilization mechanism of action significantly less likely than previously thought. Luteal effects (such as decreased progesterone, altered glycodelin levels, and shortened luteal phase) present in the literature may suggest a pre-ovulatory induced post-fertilization drug effect.\n\nLAY SUMMARY: Plan B is the most widely used emergency contraceptive available. It is important for patients and physicians to clearly understand the drug's mechanism of action (MOA). The drug was originally thought to work by preventing fertilization. Recent research has cast doubt on this. Our review of the research suggests that it could act in a pre-fertilization capacity, and we estimate that it could prevent ovulation in only 15 percent or less of cases. The drug has no ability to alter sperm function and limited ability to suppress ovulation. Further, data suggest that when administered pre-ovulation, it may have a post-fertilization MOA.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"83","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"35","pageEnd":"51","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1179/2050854915Y.0000000011","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37403853"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1179/2050854915Y.0000000011"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27833181"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37403853"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/appreciation-for-analysis-of-how-levonorgestrel-works-and-reservations-with-the--recujp8gahvp63nb9/","name":"Appreciation for analysis of how levonorgestrel works and reservations with the use of meloxicam as emergency contraception","headline":"Appreciation for analysis of how levonorgestrel works and reservations with the use of meloxicam as emergency contraception","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/appreciation-for-analysis-of-how-levonorgestrel-works-and-reservations-with-the--recujp8gahvp63nb9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Schneider AP 2nd"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrew Schneider","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6762-7735","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Joseph Hospital East","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008dhsm98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher Kevin Kubat"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine M Zainer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3958-1864","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical College of Wisconsin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00qqv6244"}}],"datePublished":"2016-11-12","abstract":"This paper is a response to Dr. Kathleen Raviele's recent article on her critical analysis of the use of levonorgestrel given to women postsexual assault and her suggestion that the use of Meloxicam may be an ethical alternative.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"83","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"52","pageEnd":"68","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/00243639.2016.1145894","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37403832"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/00243639.2016.1145894"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27833182"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37403832"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/couple-beads-an-integrated-method-of-natural-family-planning-rec82e6xifwd4cnd3/","name":"Couple Beads: An integrated method of natural family planning","headline":"Couple Beads: An integrated method of natural family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/couple-beads-an-integrated-method-of-natural-family-planning-rec82e6xifwd4cnd3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Megan Bradshaw","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7835-9326","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"International Life Sciences Institute India","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05crd4c40"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen Brower","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"International Life Sciences Institute India","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05crd4c40"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gonzaga Lubega","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nature Uganda","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02xs4zz34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paskazia Lubega","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nature Uganda","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02xs4zz34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"George Mulcaire-Jones","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1473-3234","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Maternal Life International, Butte, Montana, USA"}}],"datePublished":"2016-11-12","abstract":"Various fertility indicators are used by natural family planning methods to identify the fertile and infertile phases of a woman's menstrual cycle: mucus observations, cycle-day probabilities, basal body temperature readings, and hormonal measures of LH and estrogen. Simplified NFP methods generally make use of a single fertility indicator such as cycle-day probabilities (Standard Days Method) or mucus observations (Billings Ovulation Method). The Couple Bead Method integrates the two simplest fertility indicators, cycle-day probabilities and mucus observations, expanding its applicability to all women, regardless of cycle regularity and length. In determining cycle-day probabilities, the Couple Bead Method relies on a new data set from ultrasound-derived determinants of gestational age that more directly define the day of conception and the fertile window. By using a visual-based system of inexpensive colored beads, the Couple Bead Method can be used by couples of all educational and income levels. Lay Summary: Natural family planning methods provide education in regard to the signs of a woman's body which indicate if she is possibly fertile or not. Two important signs are the day of her menstrual cycle and her observations of bleeding and cervical mucus or dryness. The Couple Bead Method teaches a couple how to observe these signs and chart them with a system of colored beads. The Couple Bead Method can be used by women with regular or irregular cycles. The bead sets are inexpensive and consist of a length of plastic cord, colored \"pony beads\" and safety pins.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"83","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"69","pageEnd":"82","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/00243639.2015.1133018","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37403846"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/00243639.2015.1133018"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27833183"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37403846"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/influence-of-sex-steroid-hormones-on-the-adolescent-brain-and-behavior-an-update-recieokgs2cmeds7w/","name":"Influence of sex steroid hormones on the adolescent brain and behavior: An  update","headline":"Influence of sex steroid hormones on the adolescent brain and behavior: An  update","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/influence-of-sex-steroid-hormones-on-the-adolescent-brain-and-behavior-an-update-recieokgs2cmeds7w/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Juan Pablo Del Río","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3126-0745","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Millennium Science Initiative","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01c080z51"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"ArÁnguiz FC","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Biomedical Division, Reproductive Health Research Institute, Santiago, Chile"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"BÁrbara Carrera","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2668-7640","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Reproductive Health Research Institute, Biomedical Division, Santiago, Chile."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Manuel E Cortés","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0845-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x0xhn70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hernán Rioseco","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1175-1718","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}}],"datePublished":"2016-11-12","abstract":"This review explains the main effects exerted by sex steroids and other hormones on the adolescent brain. During the transition from puberty to adolescence, these hormones participate in the organizational phenomena that structurally shape some brain circuits. In adulthood, this will propitiate some specific behavior as responses to the hormones now activating those neural circuits. Adolescence is, then, a critical \"organizational window\" for the brain to develop adequately, since steroid hormones perform important functions at this stage. For this reason, the adolescent years are very important for future behaviors in human beings. Changes that occur or fail to occur during adolescence will determine behaviors for the rest of one's lifetime. Consequently, understanding the link between adolescent behavior and brain development as influenced by sex steroids and other hormones and compounds is very important in order to interpret various psycho-affective pathologies. Lay Summary : The effect of steroid hormones on the development of the adolescent brain, and therefore, on adolescent behavior, is noticeable. This review presents their main activational and organizational effects. During the transition from puberty to adolescence, organizational phenomena triggered by steroids structurally affect the remodeling of brain circuits. Later in adulthood, these changes will be reflected in behavioral responses to such hormones. Adolescence can then be seen as a fundamental \"organizational window\" during which sex steroids and other hormones and compounds play relevant roles. The understanding of the relationship between adolescent behavior and the way hormones influence brain development help understand some psychological disorders.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"83","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"308","pageEnd":"329","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/00243639.2016.1211863","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38796620"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/00243639.2016.1211863"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27833209"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38796620"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevalence-and-symptomatic-burden-of-diagnosed-endometriosis-in-the-united-states-national-estimates-from-a-cross-sectional-survey-of-59411-women-recdovpfrxh3jnorv/","name":"Prevalence and Symptomatic Burden of Diagnosed Endometriosis in the United States: National Estimates from a Cross-Sectional Survey of 59,411 Women","headline":"Prevalence and Symptomatic Burden of Diagnosed Endometriosis in the United States: National Estimates from a Cross-Sectional Survey of 59,411 Women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevalence-and-symptomatic-burden-of-diagnosed-endometriosis-in-the-united-states-national-estimates-from-a-cross-sectional-survey-of-59411-women-recdovpfrxh3jnorv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Fuldeore MJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Milijana Janjusevic","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9579-1439"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Soliman AM","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8632-1396"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stefania Greco","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2375-0472","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marche Polytechnic University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x69rs40"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Clara Castellucci","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0517-6609"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrea Ciavattini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8037-4947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marche Polytechnic University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x69rs40"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paolo Toti","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1214-5886"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Felice Petraglia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8851-625X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Siena","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01tevnk56"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pasquapina Ciarmela","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4400-3786","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marche Polytechnic University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x69rs40"}}],"datePublished":"2016-11-08","abstract":"Background/aims: To estimate the prevalence of diagnosed endometriosis (DE) in women in the United States and assess the associated symptomatic burden.\n\nMethods: An online, cross-sectional survey of women aged 18-49 years was conducted from August 6, 2012, through November 14, 2012. Survey data (weighted by age, race, education, income, geographical distribution, and propensity score) were used to estimate the prevalence and symptomatic burden of DE in women in the United States. Weighted logistic regressions were used to assess differences in symptom burden between women with and without endometriosis.\n\nResults: The prevalence of DE was estimated at 6.1% (2,922 of 48,020 women surveyed); 52.7% of women were 18-29 years of age when they were diagnosed with endometriosis. Most (86.2%) women experienced symptoms before diagnosis. More women with (vs. without) DE had menstrual pelvic pain/cramping (52.7 vs. 45.2%), non-menstrual pelvic pain/cramping (36.7 vs. 14.3%), infertility (11.6 vs. 3.4%), and dyspareunia (29.5 vs. 13.4%). Women with endometriosis were also more likely to report severe symptoms (OR (95% CI) 2.7 (2.3-3.1) for menstrual pelvic pain/cramping, 2.2 (1.7-2.9) for non-menstrual pelvic pain/cramping, and 2.4 (1.8-3.2) for dyspareunia).\n\nConclusion: The prevalence of DE among US women is notable, and affected women experience a substantial symptom burden.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"82","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Gynecologic and obstetric investigation"}}},"pageStart":"453","pageEnd":"461","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1159/000452660","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50490752"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1159/000452660"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50490752"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-two-insulin-sensitizers-metformin-and-myo-inositol-in-women-with-p-recujcmop97hc6epj/","name":"Comparison of two insulin sensitizers, metformin and myo-inositol, in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)","headline":"Comparison of two insulin sensitizers, metformin and myo-inositol, in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-two-insulin-sensitizers-metformin-and-myo-inositol-in-women-with-p-recujcmop97hc6epj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Franca Fruzzetti","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8273-0258","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pisa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Angiolo Gadducci","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4404-406X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pisa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fiorella Bucci","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pisa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Daria Perini","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pisa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marinella Russo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6602-971X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pisa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10"}}],"datePublished":"2016-11-04","abstract":"Insulin resistance (IR) plays a pivotal role in PCOS. Insulin-sensitizer agents such as metformin and inositols have been shown to improve the endocrine and metabolic aspects of PCOS. The purpose of this study is to compare their effects on the clinical and metabolic features of the women with PCOS. Fifty PCOS women with IR and/or hyperinsulinemia were randomized to treatment with metformin (1500 mg/day) or myo-inositol (4 g/day). IR was defined as HOMA-IR >2.5, while hyperinsulinemia was defined as a value of AUC for insulin after a glucose load over the cutoff of our laboratory obtained in normal women. The Matsusa Index has been calculated. The women have been evaluated for insulin secretion, BMI, menstrual cycle length, acne and hirsutism, at baseline and after 6 months of therapy. The results obtained in both groups were similar. The insulin sensitivity improved in both treatment groups. The BMI significantly decreased and the menstrual cycle was normalized in about 50% of the women. No significant changes in acne and hirsutism were observed. The two insulin-sensitizers, metformin and myo-inositol, show to be useful in PCOS women in lowering BMI and ameliorating insulin sensitivity, and improving menstrual cycle without significant differences between the two treatments.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"33","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Gynecological Endocrinology : the Official Journal of the International Society  of Gynecological Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"39","pageEnd":"42","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/09513590.2016.1236078","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52841821"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/09513590.2016.1236078"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27808588"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q52841821"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-hormonal-contraception-with-depression-recrx7wnblwbxdorw/","name":"Association of Hormonal Contraception With Depression","headline":"Association of Hormonal Contraception With Depression","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-hormonal-contraception-with-depression-recrx7wnblwbxdorw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Charlotte Wessel Skovlund","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6234-359X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Danish Cancer Society","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ytt7k16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lina Steinrud Mørch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6506-2569","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Danish Cancer Society","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ytt7k16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lars Vedel Kessing","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9377-9436","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035b05819"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Øjvind Lidegaard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9157-4004","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rigshospitalet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mchdq19"}}],"datePublished":"2016-11-03","abstract":"Importance: Millions of women worldwide use hormonal contraception. Despite the clinical evidence of an influence of hormonal contraception on some women's mood, associations between the use of hormonal contraception and mood disturbances remain inadequately addressed.\n\nObjective: To investigate whether the use of hormonal contraception is positively associated with subsequent use of antidepressants and a diagnosis of depression at a psychiatric hospital. DESIGN, SETTING, AND\n\nParticipants: This nationwide prospective cohort study combined data from the National Prescription Register and the Psychiatric Central Research Register in Denmark. All women and adolescents aged 15 to 34 years who were living in Denmark were followed up from January 1, 2000, to December 2013, if they had no prior depression diagnosis, redeemed prescription for antidepressants, other major psychiatric diagnosis, cancer, venous thrombosis, or infertility treatment. Data were collected from January 1, 1995, to December 31, 2013, and analyzed from January 1, 2015, through April 1, 2016.\n\nExposures: Use of different types of hormonal contraception.\n\nMain Outcomes and Measures: With time-varying covariates, adjusted incidence rate ratios (RRs) were calculated for first use of an antidepressant and first diagnosis of depression at a psychiatric hospital.\n\nResults: A total of 1 061 997 women (mean [SD] age, 24.4 [0.001] years; mean [SD] follow-up, 6.4 [0.004] years) were included in the analysis. Compared with nonusers, users of combined oral contraceptives had an RR of first use of an antidepressant of 1.23 (95% CI, 1.22-1.25). Users of progestogen-only pills had an RR for first use of an antidepressant of 1.34 (95% CI, 1.27-1.40); users of a patch (norgestrolmin), 2.0 (95% CI, 1.76-2.18); users of a vaginal ring (etonogestrel), 1.6 (95% CI, 1.55-1.69); and users of a levonorgestrel intrauterine system, 1.4 (95% CI, 1.31-1.42). For depression diagnoses, similar or slightly lower estimates were found. The relative risks generally decreased with increasing age. Adolescents (age range, 15-19 years) using combined oral contraceptives had an RR of a first use of an antidepressant of 1.8 (95% CI, 1.75-1.84) and those using progestin-only pills, 2.2 (95% CI, 1.99-2.52). Six months after starting use of hormonal contraceptives, the RR of antidepressant use peaked at 1.4 (95% CI, 1.34-1.46). When the reference group was changed to those who never used hormonal contraception, the RR estimates for users of combined oral contraceptives increased to 1.7 (95% CI, 1.66-1.71).\n\nCONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Use of hormonal contraception, especially among adolescents, was associated with subsequent use of antidepressants and a first diagnosis of depression, suggesting depression as a potential adverse effect of hormonal contraceptive use.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"73","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA Psychiatry"}}},"pageStart":"1154","pageEnd":"1162","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2016.2387","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28005491"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2016.2387"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27680324"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28005491"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/trabecular-bone-score-and-incident-fragility-fracture-risk-in-adults-with-reduce-receonvylsmlyotpn/","name":"Trabecular Bone Score and Incident Fragility Fracture Risk in Adults with Reduced Kidney Function","headline":"Trabecular Bone Score and Incident Fragility Fracture Risk in Adults with Reduced Kidney Function","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/trabecular-bone-score-and-incident-fragility-fracture-risk-in-adults-with-reduce-receonvylsmlyotpn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kyla L. Naylor","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5304-8038"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amit X. Garg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3398-3114"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudie Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5499-2661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa Langsetmo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2245-1657","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher S Kovacs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5219-9993","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John’s, NL, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04haebc03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"William D Leslie","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1056-1691","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02gfys938"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert G Josse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-6264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}}],"datePublished":"2016-10-24","abstract":"Background and\nObjectives: Trabecular bone score is a gray-level textural measure obtained from dual energy x-ray absorptiometry lumbar spine images that provides information independent of areal bone mineral density. The association between trabecular bone score and incident fractures in adults with reduced kidney function and whether this association differs from that of adults with normal kidney function are unknown. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, &\n\nMeasurements: We included 1426 participants ages ≥40 years old (mean age of 67 years) in the community-based Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study. We stratified participants at cohort entry (2005-2008) by eGFR (eGFR<60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 [n=199; 72.4% stage 3a, 25.1% stage 3b, and 2.5% stage 4] versus ≥60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 [n=1227]). Trabecular bone score was obtained from lumbar spine (L1-L4) dual energy x-ray absorptiometry images, with a lower trabecular bone score representing worse bone structure. Over an average of 4.7 years follow-up (maximum follow-up of 5 years), we documented incident fragility (low-trauma) fracture events (excluding craniofacial, foot, and hand sites). We used a modified Kaplan-Meier estimator to determine the 5-year probability of fracture. Cox proportional hazard regression per SD lower trabecular bone score expressed the gradient of fracture risk.\n\nResults: Individuals with an eGFR<60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 who had a trabecular bone score value below the median (<1.277) had a significantly higher 5-year fracture probability than those above the median (18.1% versus 6.2%; P=0.01). The association between trabecular bone score and fracture was independent of bone mineral density and other clinical risk factors in adults with reduced and normal kidney function (adjusted hazard ratio per SD lower trabecular bone score: eGFR<60 ml/min per 1.73 m2: adjusted hazard ratio, 1.62; 95% confidence interval, 1.04 to 2.51; eGFR≥60 ml/min per 1.73 m2: adjusted hazard ratio, 1.44; 95% confidence interval, 1.13 to 1.83).\n\nConclusions: Lower lumbar spine trabecular bone score is independently associated with a higher fracture risk in adults with reduced kidney function. Additional study is needed to examine the association between trabecular bone score and fractures in individuals with diagnosed CKD-mineral and bone disorder.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"}}},"pageStart":"2032","pageEnd":"2040","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.2215/CJN.00720116","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54889121"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2215/CJN.00720116"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27797885"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q54889121"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-and-childbearing-among-american-female-physicians-reca6nmddcgmivpgk/","name":"Fertility and Childbearing Among American Female Physicians","headline":"Fertility and Childbearing Among American Female Physicians","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-and-childbearing-among-american-female-physicians-reca6nmddcgmivpgk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Natalie Clark Stentz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0563-0397","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Michigan"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kent A Griffith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2598-4328","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Michigan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rochelle DeCastro Jones","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7757-5396","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Michigan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Reshma Jagsi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6562-1228","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Michigan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elena Perkins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5071-5264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Michigan"}}],"datePublished":"2016-10-18","abstract":"Background: Female physicians may experience unique challenges regarding fertility and family planning. We sought to determine childbearing patterns and decision-making among American female physicians.\n\nMaterials and Methods: In 2012-2013, we surveyed a random sample of 600 female physicians who graduated medical school between 1995 and 2000. Primary outcome measures included fertility and childbearing history, reflections regarding decision-making, perceptions of workplace support, and estimations of childbearing potential.\n\nResults: Response rate was 54.5% (327/600). A majority (82.0%) of the sample were parents, 77.4% had biological children with an average of 2.3 children. Average age at medical school graduation was 27.5 years, at completion of training (completion of medical school, residency, and/or fellowship) was 31.6 years, and at first pregnancy was 30.4 years. Nearly one quarter (24.1%) of respondents who had attempted conception were diagnosed with infertility, with an average age at diagnosis of 33.7 years. Among those with infertility, 29.3% reported diminished ovarian reserve. When asked what they would do differently in retrospect, most respondents (56.8%) would do nothing differently regarding fertility/conception/childbearing, 28.6% would have attempted conception earlier, 17.1% would have gone into a different specialty, and 7.0% would have used cryopreservation to extend fertility. Fewer of those whose first pregnancy was in medical school perceived substantial workplace support (68.2%) than those whose first pregnancies followed training (88.6%).\n\nConclusions: A substantial proportion of female physicians have faced infertility or have regrets about family planning decisions and career decision-making. Combining a medical career with motherhood continues to pose challenges, meriting further investigation and targeted support.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"25","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Women's Health (2002)"}}},"pageStart":"1059","pageEnd":"1065","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2015.5638","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39652687"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1089/jwh.2015.5638"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27347614"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39652687"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/implications-of-immune-dysfunction-on-endometriosis-associated-infertility-recb3ppfkienumqra/","name":"Implications of immune dysfunction on endometriosis associated infertility","headline":"Implications of immune dysfunction on endometriosis associated infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/implications-of-immune-dysfunction-on-endometriosis-associated-infertility-recb3ppfkienumqra/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jessica E. Miller","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1806-1894","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"So Hyun Ahn","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9541-5281","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kasra Khalaj","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5947-6500","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Madhuri Koti","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8644-5701","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chandrakant Tayade","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9062-050X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Miller","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7229-5093","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins Center for Fetal Therapy, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephany P Monsanto","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86"}}],"datePublished":"2016-10-16","abstract":"Endometriosis is a complex, inflammatory disease that affects 6-10% of reproductive-aged women. Almost half of the women with endometriosis experience infertility. Despite the excessive prevalence, the pathogenesis of endometriosis and its associated infertility is unknown and a cure is not available. While many theories have been suggested to link endometriosis and infertility, a consensus among investigators has not emerged. In this extensive review of the literature as well as research from our laboratory, we provide potential insights into the role of immune dysfunction in endometriosis associated infertility. We discuss the implication of the peritoneal inflammatory microenvironment on various factors that contribute to infertility such as hormonal imbalance, oxidative stress and how these could further lead to poor oocyte, sperm and embryo quality, impaired receptivity of the endometrium and implantation failure.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Oncotarget"}}},"pageStart":"7138","pageEnd":"7147","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.12577","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28066145"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.18632/oncotarget.12577"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27740937"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28066145"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/womens-reproductive-history-before-the-diagnosis-of-incident-endometriosis-recfzbx4eyimjor5u/","name":"Women's Reproductive History Before the Diagnosis of Incident Endometriosis","headline":"Women's Reproductive History Before the Diagnosis of Incident Endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/womens-reproductive-history-before-the-diagnosis-of-incident-endometriosis-recfzbx4eyimjor5u/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Germaine M Buck Louis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1774-4490","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Buck Louis GM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Uba Backonja","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5997-549X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lei Sun","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5260-0600","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Matthew Peterson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4644-602X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhian Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6423-105X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}}],"datePublished":"2016-10-01","abstract":"Background: Endometriosis is a gynecologic disease reported to be associated with infertility and, possibly, adverse pregnancy outcomes. While considerable research focuses on pregnancy outcomes following diagnosis and/or treatment, few data actually describe women's reproductive history before diagnosis for a more complete understanding of endometriosis and reproduction.\n\nMaterials and methods: The study sample comprised 473 women (aged 18-44 years) undergoing laparoscopies or laparotomies, irrespective of surgical indication at 14 clinical sites, during the period 2007-2009. Upon enrollment and before surgery, women were queried about pregnancy intentions and the time required to become pregnant for planned pregnancies. Endometriosis was defined as surgically visualized disease. Using discrete time survival analysis, we estimated fecundability odds ratios (FORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to assess time to pregnancy (TTP) after adjusting for potential confounders (age, body composition, cigarette smoking, site). Generalized estimating equations accounted for multiple pregnancy attempts per woman. FORs ResultsApproximately 66% and 69% of women with and without endometriosis, respectively, reported having a planned pregnancy before surgery, respectively. After adjustment, an endometriosis diagnosis was associated with ≈29% reduction in fecundity or a longer TTP across all pregnancy-trying attempts (adjusted FOR = 0.71; 95% CI 0.46-1.10). While FORs were consistently ConclusionsWomen with endometriosis had a longer TTP than unaffected women, irrespective of disease severity, although the findings did not achieve significance. Prior reproductive history may be informative for predicting fecundity and pregnancy outcomes following diagnosis/treatment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"25","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of women's health (2002)"}}},"pageStart":"1021","pageEnd":"1029","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2015.5712","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39630451"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1089/jwh.2015.5712"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27379997"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39630451"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-pathogenesis-of-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-pcos-the-hypothesis-of-pcos-as-fun-clqzw9t6/","name":"The Pathogenesis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): The Hypothesis of PCOS as Functional Ovarian Hyperandrogenism Revisited","headline":"The Pathogenesis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): The Hypothesis of PCOS as Functional Ovarian Hyperandrogenism Revisited","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-pathogenesis-of-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-pcos-the-hypothesis-of-pcos-as-fun-clqzw9t6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rosenfield RL","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8043-5693"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ehrmann DA"}],"datePublished":"2016-10-01","abstract":"Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) was hypothesized to result from functional ovarian hyperandrogenism (FOH) due to dysregulation of androgen secretion in 1989-1995. Subsequent studies have supported and amplified this hypothesis. When defined as otherwise unexplained hyperandrogenic oligoanovulation, two-thirds of PCOS cases have functionally typical FOH, characterized by 17-hydroxyprogesterone hyperresponsiveness to gonadotropin stimulation. Two-thirds of the remaining PCOS have FOH detectable by testosterone elevation after suppression of adrenal androgen production. About 3% of PCOS have a related isolated functional adrenal hyperandrogenism. The remaining PCOS cases are mild and lack evidence of steroid secretory abnormalities; most of these are obese, which we postulate to account for their atypical PCOS. Approximately half of normal women with polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) have subclinical FOH-related steroidogenic defects. Theca cells from polycystic ovaries of classic PCOS patients in long-term culture have an intrinsic steroidogenic dysregulation that can account for the steroidogenic abnormalities typical of FOH. These cells overexpress most steroidogenic enzymes, particularly cytochrome P450c17. Overexpression of a protein identified by genome-wide association screening, differentially expressed in normal and neoplastic development 1A.V2, in normal theca cells has reproduced this PCOS phenotype in vitro. A metabolic syndrome of obesity-related and/or intrinsic insulin resistance occurs in about half of PCOS patients, and the compensatory hyperinsulinism has tissue-selective effects, which include aggravation of hyperandrogenism. PCOS seems to arise as a complex trait that results from the interaction of diverse genetic and environmental factors. Heritable factors include PCOM, hyperandrogenemia, insulin resistance, and insulin secretory defects. Environmental factors include prenatal androgen exposure and poor fetal growth, whereas acquired obesity is a major postnatal factor. The variety of pathways involved and lack of a common thread attests to the multifactorial nature and heterogeneity of the syndrome. Further research into the fundamental basis of the disorder will be necessary to optimally correct androgen levels, ovulation, and metabolic homeostasis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"37","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Endocrine reviews"}}},"pageStart":"467","pageEnd":"520","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/er.2015-1104","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41640666"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/er.2015-1104"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27459230"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41640666"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/botanicals-and-their-bioactive-phytochemicals-for-womens-health-wtejmmvm/","name":"Botanicals and Their Bioactive Phytochemicals for Women's Health","headline":"Botanicals and Their Bioactive Phytochemicals for Women's Health","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/botanicals-and-their-bioactive-phytochemicals-for-womens-health-wtejmmvm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Dietz BM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hajirahimkhan A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dunlap TL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J L Bolton","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9222-1457","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Chicago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41"}}],"datePublished":"2016-10-01","abstract":"Botanical dietary supplements are increasingly popular for women's health, particularly for older women. The specific botanicals women take vary as a function of age. Younger women will use botanicals for urinary tract infections, especially Vaccinium macrocarpon (cranberry), where there is evidence for efficacy. Botanical dietary supplements for premenstrual syndrome (PMS) are less commonly used, and rigorous clinical trials have not been done. Some examples include Vitex agnus-castus (chasteberry), Angelica sinensis (dong quai), Viburnum opulus/prunifolium (cramp bark and black haw), and Zingiber officinale (ginger). Pregnant women have also used ginger for relief from nausea. Natural galactagogues for lactating women include Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek) and Silybum marianum (milk thistle); however, rigorous safety and efficacy studies are lacking. Older women suffering menopausal symptoms are increasingly likely to use botanicals, especially since the Women's Health Initiative showed an increased risk for breast cancer associated with traditional hormone therapy. Serotonergic mechanisms similar to antidepressants have been proposed for Actaea/Cimicifuga racemosa (black cohosh) and Valeriana officinalis (valerian). Plant extracts with estrogenic activities for menopausal symptom relief include Glycine max (soy), Trifolium pratense (red clover), Pueraria lobata (kudzu), Humulus lupulus (hops), Glycyrrhiza species (licorice), Rheum rhaponticum (rhubarb), Vitex agnus-castus (chasteberry), Linum usitatissimum (flaxseed), Epimedium species (herba Epimedii, horny goat weed), and Medicago sativa (alfalfa). Some of the estrogenic botanicals have also been shown to have protective effects against osteoporosis. Several of these botanicals could have additional breast cancer preventive effects linked to hormonal, chemical, inflammatory, and/or epigenetic pathways. Finally, although botanicals are perceived as natural safe remedies, it is important for women and their healthcare providers to realize that they have not been rigorously tested for potential toxic effects and/or drug/botanical interactions. Understanding the mechanism of action of these supplements used for women's health will ultimately lead to standardized botanical products with higher efficacy, safety, and chemopreventive properties.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"68","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Pharmacological reviews"}}},"pageStart":"1026","pageEnd":"1073","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1124/pr.115.010843","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28065998"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1124/pr.115.010843"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27677719"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28065998"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pelvic-inflammatory-disease-and-salpingitis-incidence-of-primary-and-repeat-epis-rec4ahj3c78vvv7sm/","name":"Pelvic inflammatory disease and salpingitis: incidence of primary and repeat  episodes in England","headline":"Pelvic inflammatory disease and salpingitis: incidence of primary and repeat  episodes in England","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pelvic-inflammatory-disease-and-salpingitis-incidence-of-primary-and-repeat-epis-rec4ahj3c78vvv7sm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M J Price","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7352-3027","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03angcq70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A E Ades","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7822-3552","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bristol","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0524sp257"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N J Welton","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2198-3205","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bristol","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0524sp257"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"I Simms","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4519-5684","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Health Protection Agency,Colindale,London,UK."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paddy Horner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0411-8332","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04nm1cv11"}}],"datePublished":"2016-09-30","abstract":"Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and more specifically salpingitis (visually confirmed inflammation) is the primary cause of tubal factor infertility and is an important risk factor for ectopic pregnancy. The risk of these outcomes increases following repeated episodes of PID. We developed a homogenous discrete-time Markov model for the distribution of PID history in the UK. We used a Bayesian framework to fully propagate parameter uncertainty into the model outputs. We estimated the model parameters from routine data, prospective studies, and other sources. We estimated that for women aged 35-44 years, 33·6% and 16·1% have experienced at least one episode of PID and salpingitis, respectively (diagnosed or not) and 10·7% have experienced one salpingitis and no further PID episodes, 3·7% one salpingitis and one further PID episode, and 1·7% one salpingitis and ⩾2 further PID episodes. Results are consistent with numerous external data sources, but not all. Studies of the proportion of PID that is diagnosed, and the proportion of PIDs that are salpingitis together with the severity distribution in different diagnostic settings and of overlap between routine data sources of PID would be valuable.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"145","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Epidemiology and Infection"}}},"pageStart":"208","pageEnd":"215","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950268816002065","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39345155"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1017/S0950268816002065"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27678278"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39345155"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/myoinositol-as-a-safe-and-alternative-approach-in-the-treatment-of-infertile-pco-recuw91aijvm8rcge/","name":"Myoinositol as a Safe and Alternative Approach in the Treatment of Infertile PCOS Women: A German Observational Study","headline":"Myoinositol as a Safe and Alternative Approach in the Treatment of Infertile PCOS Women: A German Observational Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/myoinositol-as-a-safe-and-alternative-approach-in-the-treatment-of-infertile-pco-recuw91aijvm8rcge/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Pedro-Antonio Regidor","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9551-2847","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Olgahospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01xet8208"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Adolf Eduard Schindler","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00gfym921"}}],"datePublished":"2016-09-20","abstract":"The use of 2 × 2000 mg myoinositol + 2 × 200 μg folic acid per day is a safe and promising tool in the effective improvement of symptoms and infertility for patients with a polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Using a questionnaire an observational study was performed under German gynecologists to collect data on ovulation and pregnancy rates in PCOS patients with infertility. In this observational study, 3602 infertile women used myoinositol and folic acid between 2 and 3 months in a dosage of 2 × 2000 mg myoinositol + 2 × 200 μg folic acid per day. In a subgroup of 32 patients, hormonal values for testosterone, free testosterone, and progesterone were analyzed before and after 12 weeks of treatment. The mean time of use was 10.2 weeks. During this time 70% of these women had a restored ovulation, and 545 pregnancies were obtained. This means a pregnancy rate of 15.1% of all the myoinositol and folic acid users. In 19 cases a concomitant medication with clomiphene or dexamethasone was used. One twin pregnancy was documented. Testosterone levels changed from 96.6 ng/ml to 43.3 ng/ml and progesterone from 2.1 ng/ml to 12.3 ng/ml (p < 0.05) after 12 weeks of treatment. No relevant side effects were present among the patients. This study could show that a new treatment option for patients with a PCOS and infertility is available. The achieved pregnancy rates are at least in an equivalent or even superior range than those reported by the use of metformin.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2016","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Endocrinology"}},"pageStart":"9537632","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/9537632","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37232396"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1155/2016/9537632"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27642297"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37232396"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/does-therapeutic-repetitive-transcranial-magnetic-stimulation-cause-cognitive-en-reclcbmlgzpewik2g/","name":"Does Therapeutic Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Cause Cognitive  Enhancing Effects in Patients with Neuropsychiatric Conditions? A Systematic  Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials","headline":"Does Therapeutic Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Cause Cognitive  Enhancing Effects in Patients with Neuropsychiatric Conditions? A Systematic  Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/does-therapeutic-repetitive-transcranial-magnetic-stimulation-cause-cognitive-en-reclcbmlgzpewik2g/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Martin D","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6940-6418","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad de Huelva"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Donel M. Martin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. donel.martin@unsw.edu.au."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shawn M McClintock","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5372-0261","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05byvp690"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jane Forster","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2942-2891","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Colleen Loo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3267-0554","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Black Dog Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rfr1008"}}],"datePublished":"2016-09-16","abstract":"Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is increasingly used as a therapeutic intervention for neuropsychiatric illnesses and has demonstrated efficacy for treatment of major depression. However, an unresolved question is whether a course of rTMS treatment results in effects on cognitive functioning. In this systematic review and meta-analysis we aimed to quantitatively determine whether a course of rTMS has cognitive enhancing effects. We examined cognitive outcomes from randomised, sham-controlled studies conducted in patients with neuropsychiatric conditions where rTMS was administered to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) across repeated sessions, searched from PubMed/MEDLINE and other databases up until October 2015. Thirty studies met our inclusion criteria. Cognitive outcomes were pooled and examined across the following domains: Global cognitive function, executive function, attention, working memory, processing speed, visual memory, verbal memory and visuospatial ability. Active rTMS treatment was unassociated with generalised gains across the majority of domains of cognitive functioning examined. Secondary analyses revealed a moderate sized positive effect for improved working memory in a small number of studies in patients with schizophrenia (k = 3, g = 0.507, 95 % CI = [0.183-0.831], p < .01). Therapeutic rTMS when administered to the DLPFC in patients with neuropsychiatric conditions does not result in robust cognitive enhancing effects.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"26","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Neuropsychology Review"}}},"pageStart":"295","pageEnd":"309","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-016-9325-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38955255"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s11065-016-9325-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27632386"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38955255"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/an-update-on-the-prevention-of-ovarian-hyperstimulation-syndrome-reclo2vptejio4vul/","name":"An update on the prevention of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome","headline":"An update on the prevention of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/an-update-on-the-prevention-of-ovarian-hyperstimulation-syndrome-reclo2vptejio4vul/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"El Tokhy O"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Julia Kopeika","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8363-388X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Thomas' Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/054gk2851"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tarek El‐Toukhy","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Thomas' Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/054gk2851"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Omar El Tokhy","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Imperial College London","sameAs":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tarek El-Toukhy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3580-6587","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Assisted Conception Unit, Guy’s and St Thomas’ Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"}}],"datePublished":"2016-09-01","abstract":"Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome is a potentially life-threatening, but preventable iatrogenic complication of in vitro fertilisation treatment. In recent years, new strategies have been developed to minimise the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome after in vitro fertilisation, including better at-risk patient identification prior to starting treatment, the use of a lower human chorionic gonadotrophin dose or alternative medication instead of human chorionic gonadotrophin to induce final oocyte maturation such as gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist and kisspeptin in antagonist cycles, cryopreservation of all embryos and delayed embryo transfer, and the use of oral dopamine agonists after oocyte retrieval. In this article, the advantages and limitations of those new developments are discussed and future directions towards establishment of an ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome–free in vitro fertilisation clinic are explored.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Women's Health"}}},"pageStart":"496","pageEnd":"503","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/1745505716664743","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38829575"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/1745505716664743"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38829575"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ginseng-for-managing-menopausal-womans-health-a-systematic-review-of-doubleblind-fbvkaytn/","name":"Ginseng for managing menopausal woman's health: A systematic review of double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trials","headline":"Ginseng for managing menopausal woman's health: A systematic review of double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trials","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ginseng-for-managing-menopausal-womans-health-a-systematic-review-of-doubleblind-fbvkaytn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lee HW"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joyce Choi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3128-5179","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lee Y"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kil KJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lee MS"}],"datePublished":"2016-09-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: The aim of this systematic review was to update, complete, and critically evaluate the evidence from placebo-controlled randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of ginseng for managing menopausal women's health.\n\nMETHODS: We searched the literature using 13 databases (MEDLINE, AMED, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, 6 Korean Medical, and 3 Chinese Databases) from their inception to July 2016 and included all double-blind RCTs that compared any type of ginseng with a placebo control in postmenopausal women. The methodological quality of all studies was assessed using a Cochrane risk of bias tool.\n\nRESULTS: Ten RCTs met our inclusion criteria. Most RCTs had unclear risk of bias. One RCT did not show a significant difference in hot flash frequency between Korean red ginseng (KRG) and placebo. The second RCT reported positive effects of KRG on menopausal symptoms. The third RCT found beneficial effects of ginseng (Ginsena) on depression, well-being, and general health. Four RCTs failed to show significant differences in various hormones between KRG and placebo controls except dehydroepiandrosterone. Two other RCTs failed to show effects of KRG on endometrial thickness in menopausal women. The other RCT also failed to show the effects of American ginseng on oxidative stress markers and other antioxidant enzymes.\n\nCONCLUSION: Our systematic review provided positive evidence of ginseng for sexual function and KRG for sexual arousal and total hot flashes score in menopausal women. However, the results of KRG or ginseng failed to show specific effects on hot flash frequency, hormones, biomarkers, or endometrial thickness. The level of evidence for these findings was low because of unclear risk of bias.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"95","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"38","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"e4914","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000004914","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36142324"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/MD.0000000000004914"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27661038"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36142324"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progestin-only-contraceptives-effects-on-weight-reccaenvl2bdbqwuo/","name":"Progestin-only contraceptives: effects on weight","headline":"Progestin-only contraceptives: effects on weight","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progestin-only-contraceptives-effects-on-weight-reccaenvl2bdbqwuo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Shanthi Ramesh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3315-4917","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michelle Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8145-7269","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Family Health International 360","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007kp6q87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alison Edelman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5040-7288","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oregon Health & Science University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/009avj582"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"James Trussell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1417-7849","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Princeton University; Office of Population research; Wallaca Hall Princeton New Jersey USA NJ 08544","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hx57361"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Frans M Helmerhorst","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Leiden University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xvt9f17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laureen M Lopez","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Family Health International 360","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007kp6q87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Conrad Otterness","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Global Health Access Program; Mae Sot Tak Thailand 63110"}}],"datePublished":"2016-08-29","abstract":"Background: Progestin-only contraceptives (POCs) are appropriate for many women who cannot or should not take estrogen. POCs include injectables, intrauterine contraception, implants, and oral contraceptives. Many POCs are long-acting, cost-effective methods of preventing pregnancy. However, concern about weight gain can deter the initiation of contraceptives and cause early discontinuation among users.\n\nObjectives: The primary objective was to evaluate the association between progestin-only contraceptive use and changes in body weight. SEARCH\n\nMethods: Until 4 August 2016, we searched MEDLINE, CENTRAL, POPLINE, LILACS, ClinicalTrials.gov, and ICTRP. For the initial review, we contacted investigators to identify other trials.\nSelection Criteria: We considered comparative studies that examined a POC versus another contraceptive method or no contraceptive. The primary outcome was mean change in body weight or mean change in body composition. We also considered the dichotomous outcome of loss or gain of a specified amount of weight.\nData Collection and Analysis: Two authors extracted the data. Non-randomized studies (NRS) need to control for confounding factors. We used adjusted measures for the primary effects in NRS or the results of matched analysis from paired samples. If the report did not provide adjusted measures for the primary analysis, we used unadjusted outcomes. For RCTs and NRS without adjusted measures, we computed the mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for continuous variables. For dichotomous outcomes, we calculated the Mantel-Haenszel odds ratio (OR) with 95% CI.\n\nMAIN Results: We found 22 eligible studies that included a total of 11,450 women. With 6 NRS added to this update, the review includes 17 NRS and 5 RCTs. By contraceptive method, the review has 16 studies of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA), 4 of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine contraception (LNG-IUC), 5 for implants, and 2 for progestin-only pills.Comparison groups did not differ significantly for weight change or other body composition measure in 15 studies. Five studies with moderate or low quality evidence showed differences between study arms. Two studies of a six-rod implant also indicated some differences, but the evidence was low quality.Three studies showed differences for DMPA users compared with women not using a hormonal method. In a retrospective study, weight gain (kg) was greater for DMPA versus copper (Cu) IUC in years one (MD 2.28, 95% CI 1.79 to 2.77), two (MD 2.71, 95% CI 2.12 to 3.30), and three (MD 3.17, 95% CI 2.51 to 3.83). A prospective study showed adolescents using DMPA had a greater increase in body fat (%) compared with a group not using a hormonal method (MD 11.00, 95% CI 2.64 to 19.36). The DMPA group also had a greater decrease in lean body mass (%) (MD -4.00, 95% CI -6.93 to -1.07). A more recent retrospective study reported greater mean increases with use of DMPA versus Cu IUC for weight (kg) at years 1 (1.3 vs 0.2), 4 (3.5 vs 1.9), and 10 (6.6 vs 4.9).Two studies reported a greater mean increase in body fat mass (%) for POC users versus women not using a hormonal method. The method was LNG-IUC in two studies (reported means 2.5 versus -1.3; P = 0.029); (MD 1.60, 95% CI 0.45 to 2.75). One also studied a desogestrel-containing pill (MD 3.30, 95% CI 2.08 to 4.52). Both studies showed a greater decrease in lean body mass among POC users. AUTHORS'\n\nConclusions: We considered the overall quality of evidence to be low; more than half of the studies had low quality evidence. The main reasons for downgrading were lack of randomizations (NRS) and high loss to follow-up or early discontinuation.These 22 studies showed limited evidence of change in weight or body composition with use of POCs. Mean weight gain at 6 or 12 months was less than 2 kg (4.4 lb) for most studies. Those with multiyear data showed mean weight change was approximately twice as much at two to four years than at one year, but generally the study groups did not differ significantly. Appropriate counseling about typical weight gain may help reduce discontinuation of contraceptives due to perceptions of weight gain.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2016","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"}}},"pageStart":"CD008815","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD008815.pub4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38938851"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/14651858.CD008815.pub4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27567593"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38938851"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/improving-the-safety-of-the-embryo-and-the-patient-during-fertilization-procedur-rec6tnseihzef36dp/","name":"Improving the safety of the embryo and the patient during  fertilization procedures","headline":"Improving the safety of the embryo and the patient during  fertilization procedures","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/improving-the-safety-of-the-embryo-and-the-patient-during-fertilization-procedur-rec6tnseihzef36dp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Artur Wdowiak","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7011-2345","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical University of Lublin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016f61126"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Iwona Bojar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3171-225X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Instytut Medycyny Wsi im. Witolda Chodźki","sameAs":"https://ror.org/031xy6s33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Edyta Wdowiak"}],"datePublished":"2016-08-23","abstract":"In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a method of treatment for infertility in selected indications. Recent years have brought dynamic development of technologies related to IVF. This article presents problems pertaining to the safety of technology with respect to the patient, as well as the embryo, based on an analysis of scientific reports and our own experience. Invasiveness of the IVF procedure for the woman and the embryo varies on an individual basis. Minimization of the invasiveness of IVF requires experience of the staff performing the procedure, especially with respect to the assessment of risk for an individual patient. Technologies related to IVF are constantly being improved, and the effectiveness of the selected individual treatment methods is not always scientifically confirmed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Videosurgery and Other Miniinvasive Techniques"},"pageStart":"137","pageEnd":"143","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.5114/wiitm.2016.61940","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28072637"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.5114/wiitm.2016.61940"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28072637"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diabetes-and-sexuality-recnww752vyeslqh1/","name":"Diabetes and Sexuality","headline":"Diabetes and Sexuality","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diabetes-and-sexuality-recnww752vyeslqh1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Fuat Kizilay","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1856-0404","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Urology, Turgutlu State Hospital, Manisa, Turkey."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Helena Elizabeth Gali","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6882-0641","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ege Can Serefoglu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2530-7012","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bağcılar Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0238k6k75"}}],"datePublished":"2016-08-17","abstract":"Introduction: Deterioration in sexual functioning is one of the major and serious complications of diabetes. This common metabolic disorder not only affects sexuality through microvascular and nerve damage but also has psychological aspects. In men, the primary complications are erectile dysfunction, ejaculatory dysfunction, and loss of libido. Women similarly experience sexual problems, including decreased libido and painful intercourse.\n\nAim: To summarize the effects of diabetes on sexuality, evaluate the impact of diabetes on sexual function, and assess the conventional and novel treatment approaches based on recent studies.\n\nMethods: A literature review of peer-reviewed journal articles and guidelines was performed.\n\nMain outcome measures: To assess the effects of diabetes on sexuality and to focus on treatment approaches.\n\nResults: Male and female sexual dysfunctions are a significant complication of diabetes. Tight glycemic control seems to be beneficial in delaying the onset of sexual problems and ameliorating them when they are present. Erectile dysfunction occurs as one of the first problems. The current mainstay of treatment for erectile dysfunction is therapy with phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors and then a stepwise approach of management. Men also can experience ejaculation problems and loss of libido. Diabetes also can decrease testosterone levels, which further decreases libido. Hypogonadal men with diabetes might benefit from testosterone replacement therapy. Diabetic women also can have sexual problems. These problems mainly include loss of libido, decrease in arousal and lubrication resulting in painful intercourse, and loss of orgasm. All these challenges require a multidisciplinary approach.\n\nConclusion: Diabetes has detrimental effects on the sexual function of patients. Diabetologists who primarily care for the patient should not only focus on the glycemic control of their patients but also address their sexual complaints, because these problems can significantly impair their quality of life. Urologists, gynecologists, endocrinologists, and psychiatrists should work in a multidisciplinary manner for the treatment of decreased sexual functioning as a result of diabetes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Sex Med Rev"}}},"pageStart":"45","pageEnd":"51","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sxmr.2016.07.002","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38932746"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.sxmr.2016.07.002"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27544297"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38932746"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-importance-of-brca1-and-brca2-genes-mutations-in-breast-cancer-development-rec476cnpueknjkkq/","name":"The importance of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes mutations in breast cancer development","headline":"The importance of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes mutations in breast cancer development","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-importance-of-brca1-and-brca2-genes-mutations-in-breast-cancer-development-rec476cnpueknjkkq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mansoureh Akouchekian","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Assistant Professor, Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. mackouch@yahoo.com , akouchekian.m@iums.ac.ir."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amir Mehrgou","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"MSc Student, Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. amirmehrgo@yahoo.com."}}],"datePublished":"2016-08-06","abstract":"Many factors including genetic, environmental, and acquired are involved in breast cancer development across various societies. Among all of these factors in families with a history of breast cancer throughout several generations, genetics, like predisposing genes to develop this disease, should be considered more. Early detection of mutation carriers in these genes, in turn, can play an important role in its prevention. Because this disease has a high prevalence in half of the global population, female screening of reported mutations in predisposing genes, which have been seen in breast cancer patients, seems necessary. In this review, a number of mutations in two predisposing genes (BRCA1 and BRCA2) that occurred in patients with a family history was investigated. We studied published articles about mutations in genes predisposed to breast cancer between 2000 and 2015. We then summarized and classified reported mutations in these two genes to recommend some exons which have a high potential to mutate. According to previous studies, exons have been reported as most mutated exons presented in this article. Considering the large size and high cost of screening all exons in these two genes in patients with a family history, especially in developing countries, the results of this review article can be beneficial and helpful in the selection of exon to screen for patients with this disease.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"30","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran"}},"pageStart":"369","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26738830","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27493913"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q26738830"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/premenstrual-syndrome-and-premenstrual-dysphoric-disorder-recyo6u3gndvwnmd6/","name":"Premenstrual Syndrome and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder","headline":"Premenstrual Syndrome and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/premenstrual-syndrome-and-premenstrual-dysphoric-disorder-recyo6u3gndvwnmd6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hofmeister S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bodden S"}],"datePublished":"2016-08-02","abstract":"Premenstrual disorders affect up to 12% of women. The subspecialties of psychiatry and gynecology have developed overlapping but distinct diagnoses that qualify as a premenstrual disorder; these include premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder. These conditions encompass psychological and physical symptoms that cause significant impairment during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle, but resolve shortly after menstruation. Patientdirected prospective recording of symptoms is helpful to establish the cyclical nature of symptoms that differentiate premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder from other psychiatric and physical disorders. Physicians should tailor therapy to achieve the greatest functional improvement possible for their patients. Select serotonergic antidepressants are first-line treatments. They can be used continuously or only during the luteal phase. Oral contraceptives and calcium supplements may also be used. There is insufficient evidence to recommend treatment with vitamin D, herbal remedies, or acupuncture, but there are data to suggest benefit from cognitive behavior therapy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"94","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Family Physician"}}},"pageStart":"236","pageEnd":"240","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/premenopausal-trabecular-bone-loss-is-associated-with-a-family-history-of-fragil-rec7qopaalfqvunxv/","name":"Premenopausal Trabecular Bone Loss is Associated with a Family History of Fragility Fracture","headline":"Premenopausal Trabecular Bone Loss is Associated with a Family History of Fragility Fracture","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/premenopausal-trabecular-bone-loss-is-associated-with-a-family-history-of-fragil-rec7qopaalfqvunxv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C. Hitchcock","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation Research, Division of Endocrinology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vanadin Seifert‐Klauss","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2639-5317","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"TUM Klinikum","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04jc43x05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y M Vigna","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8840-192X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2016-08-01","abstract":"Introduction: Although a fragility fracture family history (FFFH+) has repeatedly been shown to be associated with lower bone mineral density (BMD), its relationship to human BMD change is unclear. Animal research, however, documented that different purebred strains within rodent species have wide ranges in rates of bone acquisition during growth as well as in change post-ovariectomy. Our objective was to compare the rate of premenopausal spinal trabecular BMD change between women with and without a general family history of fragility fracture.\n\nParticipants and methodsHealthy premenopausal community women participated in prospective observational studies at two academic medical research centres: Vancouver, Canada (n = 66) and Munich, Germany (n = 20). The primary outcome was annual spinal BMD change, measured by quantitative computed tomography (QCT). The two studies employed similar methodologies for assessing QCT and FFFH.\n\nResults: Volunteer community participants had a mean age of 36.0 (SD, 6.9) years, body mass index 22.5 (2.4) and baseline QCT of 150.2 (22.5) mg/cm3 trabecular bone. The rates of BMD change were similar in both cities: - 3.5 (5.1)/year Vancouver, - 2.0 (3.4)/year Munich (95 % CI of difference: - 3.9, 0.9). Over a third of the women (31 of the 86, 36 %) reported FFFH+. Those with and without a FFFH were similar in demographics, nutrition, exercise, menstrual cycle and luteal phase lengths and physiological measures (serum calcium, osteocalcin and estradiol). However, women with FFFH+ lost trabecular BMD more rapidly: FFFH+, - 4.9 (5.0), FFFH-, - 2.2 (4.4) mg/cm3/year (95 % CI diff - 0.7 to - 4.8, F1.83 = 7.88, p = 0.006). FFFH+ explained 7.7 % of the variance in QCT volumetric trabecular spinal bone change/year in these healthy premenopausal women.\n\nConclusion: This study shows for the first time that having a history of a fragility fracture in a family member is associated with a greater rate of premenopausal spinal trabecular bone loss.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"76","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd"}}},"pageStart":"895","pageEnd":"901","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-103751","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37210322"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1055/s-0042-103751"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27582584"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37210322"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sexual-and-physical-abuse-and-gynecologic-disorders-recoqkheejxipkned/","name":"Sexual and physical abuse and gynecologic disorders","headline":"Sexual and physical abuse and gynecologic disorders","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sexual-and-physical-abuse-and-gynecologic-disorders-recoqkheejxipkned/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Erica Johnstone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3382-3500","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Matthew Peterson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4644-602X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhian Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6423-105X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Uba Backonja","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5997-549X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wallace M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8790-4317","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Robert Gordon University Aberdeen Business School"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maeve E. Wallace","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mary Amelia Women's Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Germaine M Buck Louis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1774-4490","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Buck Louis GM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Howard T Sharp","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2016-08-01","abstract":"Study Question: Is sexual and/or physical abuse history associated with incident endometriosis diagnosis or other gynecologic disorders among premenopausal women undergoing diagnostic and/or therapeutic laparoscopy or laparotomy regardless of clinical indication?\n\nSummary Answer: No association was observed between either a history of sexual or physical abuse and risk of endometriosis, ovarian cysts or fibroids; however, a history of physical abuse was associated with a higher likelihood of adhesions after taking into account important confounding and mediating factors.\n\nWhat Is Known Already: Sexual and physical abuse may alter neuroendocrine-immune processes leading to a higher risk for endometriosis and other noninfectious gynecologic disorders, but few studies have assessed abuse history prior to diagnosis.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, Duration: The study population for these analyses includes the ENDO Study (2007-2009) operative cohort: 473 women, ages 18-44 years, who underwent a diagnostic and/or therapeutic laparoscopy or laparotomy at 1 of the 14 surgical centers located in Salt Lake City, UT, USA or San Francisco, CA, USA. Women with a history of surgically confirmed endometriosis were excluded. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, Setting and\n\nMethods: Prior to surgery, women completed standardized abuse questionnaires. Relative risk (RR) of incident endometriosis, uterine fibroids, adhesions or ovarian cysts by abuse history were estimated, adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, education, marital status, smoking, gravidity and recruitment site. We assessed whether a history of chronic pelvic pain, depression, or STIs explained any relationships via mediation analyses. Main Results and Role of Chance: 43 and 39% of women reported experiencing sexual and physical abuse. No association was observed between either a history of sexual or physical abuse, versus no history, and risk of endometriosis (aRR: 1.00 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.80-1.25]); aRR: 0.83 [95% CI: 0.65-1.06]), ovarian cysts (aRR: 0.67 [95% CI: 0.39-1.15]); aRR: 0.60 [95% CI: 0.34-1.09]) or fibroids (aRR: 1.25 [95% CI: 0.85-1.83]); aRR: 1.36 [95% CI: 0.92-2.01]). Conversely, a history of physical abuse, versus no history, was associated with higher risk of adhesions (aRR: 2.39 [95% CI: 1.18-4.85]). We found no indication that the effect of abuse on women's adhesion risk could be explained by a history of chronic pelvic pain, depression or STIs.\n\nLIMITATIONS, Reasons for Caution: Limitations to our study include inquiries on childhood physical but not sexual abuse. Additionally, we did not inquire about childhood or adulthood emotional support systems, found to buffer the negative impact of stress on gynecologic health. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: Abuse may be associated with some but not all gynecologic disorders with neuroendocrine-inflammatory origin. High prevalence of abuse reporting supports the need for care providers to screen for abuse and initiate appropriate follow-up.\n\nStudy Funding/competing Interests: Supported by the Intramural Research Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (contracts NO1-DK-6-3428, NO1-DK-6-3427, and 10001406-02). The authors have no potential competing interests.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"31","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1904","pageEnd":"1912","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dew153","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40687036"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/dew153"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27334336"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40687036"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-prospective-study-of-caffeine-and-coffee-intake-and-premenstrual-syndrome-rg6yup4a/","name":"A prospective study of caffeine and coffee intake and premenstrual syndrome","headline":"A prospective study of caffeine and coffee intake and premenstrual syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-prospective-study-of-caffeine-and-coffee-intake-and-premenstrual-syndrome-rg6yup4a/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandra C. Purdue-Smithe"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Manson JE","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9426-7595"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan E Hankinson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9155-3767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elizabeth R. Bertone‐Johnson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9977-9170","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0072zz521"}}],"datePublished":"2016-08-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Clinically significant premenstrual syndrome (PMS) affects 15-20% of premenopausal women, substantially reducing quality of life. Women with PMS often are counseled to minimize caffeine intake, although only limited evidence supports this recommendation.\n\nOBJECTIVE: We evaluated the association between total caffeine, coffee, and tea intake and the development of PMS in a case-control study nested within the prospective Nurses' Health Study II.\n\nDESIGN: All participants were free from PMS at baseline (1991). PMS cases reported a new clinician-made diagnosis of PMS on biennial questionnaires between 1993 and 2005, and then confirmed symptom timing and moderate-to-severe impact and severity of symptoms with the use of a retrospective questionnaire (n = 1234). Controls did not report PMS and confirmed experiencing no symptoms or few mild symptoms with limited personal impact (n = 2426). Caffeine, coffee, and tea intake was measured by food-frequency questionnaires every 4 y, and data on smoking, body weight, and other factors were updated every 2-4 y. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the associations of total caffeine intake and frequency of coffee and tea consumption with PMS.\n\nRESULTS: After adjustment for age, smoking, and other factors, total caffeine intake was not associated with PMS. The OR comparing women with the highest (quintile median = 543 mg/d) to the lowest (quintile median = 18 mg/d) caffeine intake was 0.79 (95% CI: 0.61, 1.04; P-trend = 0.31). High caffeinated coffee intake also was not associated with risk of PMS or specific symptoms, including breast tenderness (OR for ≥4 cups/d compared with <1/mo: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.48, 1.12; P-trend = 0.44).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that caffeine intake is not associated with PMS, and that current recommendations for women to reduce caffeine intake may not help prevent the development of PMS.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"104","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The American journal of clinical nutrition"}}},"pageStart":"499","pageEnd":"507","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.115.127027","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39625972"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3945/ajcn.115.127027"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27385613"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39625972"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-impact-of-depot-medroxyprogesterone-acetate-on-fracture-risk-a-case-control-study-from-the-uk-recstaphjqwfpztgv/","name":"The impact of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate on fracture risk: a case-control study from the UK","headline":"The impact of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate on fracture risk: a case-control study from the UK","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-impact-of-depot-medroxyprogesterone-acetate-on-fracture-risk-a-case-control-study-from-the-uk-recstaphjqwfpztgv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"I Kyvernitakis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8721-5818","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Goethe University Frankfurt","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04cvxnb49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Kostev","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2124-7227","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"IMS HEALTH GmbH &amp; Co. OHG, Epidemiology, Real World Evidence Solutions, Darmst&#xe4;dter Landstra&#xdf;e 108, 60598, Frankfurt, Germany."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Hadji","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4787-3151","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Goethe University Frankfurt","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04cvxnb49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Nassour","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Philipps University of Marburg","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01rdrb571"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Thomasius","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Goethe University Frankfurt","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04cvxnb49"}}],"datePublished":"2016-07-26","abstract":"There has been concerning about women receiving depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) contraception because of the prolonged hypoestrogenemic state regarding the potential negative effects on bone health. This study showed that DMPA exposure is associated with increased fracture risk and that fracture risk increases with longer DMPA exposure.\nIntroduction: DMPA has been associated with impaired bone mineral acquisition during adolescence and accelerated bone loss in later life. We performed this large population-based study to assess the association between use of DMPA or combined oral contraceptives and the incident risk of fracture.\n\nMethods: We identified 4189 women between 20 and 44 years of age with a first-time fracture diagnosis, matched them with 4189 random controls using the Disease Analyzer database and investigated the relation with DMPA exposure.\n\nResults: Overall, 11 % of the fracture cases and 7.7 % of the controls had DMPA use recorded. The adjusted OR for developing a fracture in patients with current use of DMPA compared to non-users was 0.97 (95 % CI 0.51-1.86), 2.41 (95 % CI 1.42-4.08), and 1.46 (95 % CI 0.96-2.23) for 1-2, 3-9, and ≥10 prescriptions, respectively. The adjusted OR for developing a fracture in patients with past use of DMPA compared to non-users was 0.96 (95 % CI 0.73-1.26), 1.14 (95 % CI 0.86-1.51), and 1.55 (95 % CI 1.07-2.27) for 1-2, 3-9, and ≥10 prescriptions, respectively. The highest fracture risk was identified in young patients less than 30 years with longer DMPA exposure (≥10 prescriptions; OR 3.04, 95 % CI 1.36-6.81), as well as in patients in the late reproductive years with past use of DMPA (OR 1.72, 95 % CI 1.13-2.63).\n\nConclusions: Our results indicate that DMPA exposure is associated with increased fracture risk and may have negative effects on bone metabolism, resulting in impaired bone mineral acquisition during adolescence and accelerated bone loss in adult life.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"28","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Osteoporos Int"}}},"pageStart":"291","pageEnd":"297","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-016-3714-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q53053716"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00198-016-3714-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27461017"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q53053716"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diagnosis-and-treatment-of-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-recdcpirq2fhl09iu/","name":"Diagnosis and Treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome","headline":"Diagnosis and Treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diagnosis-and-treatment-of-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-recdcpirq2fhl09iu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Williams T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mortada R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Porter S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"T.J. Williams","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3114-2418","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Surrey","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ks66431"}}],"datePublished":"2016-07-16","abstract":"Polycystic ovary syndrome is the most common endocrinopathy among reproductive-aged women in the United States, affecting approximately 7% of female patients. Although the pathophysiology of the syndrome is complex and there is no single defect from which it is known to result, it is hypothesized that insulin resistance is a key factor. Metabolic syndrome is twice as common in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome compared with the general population, and patients with polycystic ovary syndrome are four times more likely than the general population to develop type 2 diabetes mellitus. Patient presentation is variable, ranging from asymptomatic to having multiple gynecologic, dermatologic, or metabolic manifestations. Guidelines from the Endocrine Society recommend using the Rotterdam criteria for diagnosis, which mandate the presence of two of the following three findingshyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, and polycystic ovaries-plus the exclusion of other diagnoses that could result in hyperandrogenism or ovulatory dysfunction. It is reasonable to delay evaluation for polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescent patients until two years after menarche. For this age group, it is also recommended that all three Rotterdam criteria be met before the diagnosis is made. Patients who have marked virilization or rapid onset of symptoms require immediate evaluation for a potential androgen-secreting tumor. Treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome is individualized based on the patient's presentation and desire for pregnancy. For patients who are overweight, weight loss is recommended. Clomiphene and letrozole are first-line medications for infertility. Metformin is the first-line medication for metabolic manifestations, such as hyperglycemia. Hormonal contraceptives are first-line therapy for irregular menses and dermatologic manifestations.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"94","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Family Physician"}}},"pageStart":"106","pageEnd":"113","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/andropause-and-vulnerability-in-health-when-do-we-start-to-educate-men-and-healt-recexq5gzbizq6wgo/","name":"Andropause and vulnerability in health: when do we start to educate men and  health professionals?","headline":"Andropause and vulnerability in health: when do we start to educate men and  health professionals?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/andropause-and-vulnerability-in-health-when-do-we-start-to-educate-men-and-healt-recexq5gzbizq6wgo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Manuel E Cortés","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0845-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x0xhn70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yanara A Bernal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9568-0675","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Reproductive Health Research Institute, Santiago, Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x0xhn70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}}],"datePublished":"2016-07-13","abstract":"Andropausia y vulnerabilidad en salud: ¿cuándo empezamos a educar a los hombres y a los profesionales de la","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"144","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Revista Medica De Chile"}}},"pageStart":"541","pageEnd":"543","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.4067/S0034-98872016000400023","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q87867633"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4067/S0034-98872016000400023"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27401394"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q87867633"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/emerging-manifestations-of-cesarean-scar-defect-in-reproductive-aged-women-recrvbf5y6nqxayyt/","name":"Emerging Manifestations of Cesarean Scar Defect in Reproductive-aged Women","headline":"Emerging Manifestations of Cesarean Scar Defect in Reproductive-aged Women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/emerging-manifestations-of-cesarean-scar-defect-in-reproductive-aged-women-recrvbf5y6nqxayyt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Togas Tulandi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5253-2565","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Adi Cohen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4189-8980","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}}],"datePublished":"2016-07-10","abstract":"The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of cesarean scar defects and its clinical manifestations in reproductive-aged women. We performed a systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement using keywords of \"cesarean scar defect, uterine scar defect, uterine diverticulum niche, isthmocele, pouch, or sacculation\" and their combination. Thirty-two trials met the inclusion criteria. Cesarean scar defects are commonly found on ultrasound examination (24%-88%). Their presence could be asymptomatic or related to postmenstrual spotting, postmenstrual bleeding, or infertility. The prevalence of this condition is related to the number of cesarean deliveries. Hysteroscopic repair of a cesarean scar defect or isthmoplasty is associated with an improvement in uterine bleeding in 59% to 100% of cases and a pregnancy rate of 77.8% to 100%. An improvement in uterine bleeding after vaginal repair occurred in 89% to 93.5% of cases. Laparoscopic repair led to uterine bleeding improvement in 86% of cases and a pregnancy rate of 86%. The association between cesarean scar defect and infertility, pelvic pain, and dysmenorrhea require more studies. Treatment of uterine scar defects should be performed after eliminating other causes of postmenstrual bleeding or infertility. Hysteroscopic isthmoplasty appears to be the most popular treatment. However, in the absence of randomized trials, the efficacy of different surgical approaches remains to be seen. Until we have concrete evidence, the treatment should be reserved for selective cases.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"23","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"893","pageEnd":"902","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2016.06.020","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38890596"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jmig.2016.06.020"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27393285"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38890596"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-performance-of-fertility-awareness-based-method-apps-marketed-to-avoid-pregn-recgtqxadepsyydmt/","name":"The Performance of Fertility Awareness-based Method Apps Marketed to Avoid  Pregnancy","headline":"The Performance of Fertility Awareness-based Method Apps Marketed to Avoid  Pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-performance-of-fertility-awareness-based-method-apps-marketed-to-avoid-pregn-recgtqxadepsyydmt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Alison Contreras","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8052-5744","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wake Forest University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0207ad724"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elizabeth T Jensen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2704-6634","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amina White","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0923-3620","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wake Forest University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0207ad724"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marguerite Duane","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duquesne University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02336z538"}}],"datePublished":"2016-07-09","abstract":"Introduction: In recent years there has been an explosion in the development of medical apps, with more than 40,000 apps now available. Nearly 100 apps allow women to track their fertility and menstrual cycles and can be used to avoid or achieve pregnancy. Apps offer a convenient way to track fertility biomarkers. However, only some use evidence-based fertility awareness-based methods (FABMs), which with ideal use have rates of effectiveness similar to those of commonly used forms of hormonal birth control. Since having a baby or preventing a pregnancy are important responsibilities, it is critical that women and couples have access to reliable, evidence-based apps that allow them to accurately track their fertility.\n\nMethods: We developed a tool to evaluate and rate fertility apps. This tool is specifically designed to help couples avoid pregnancy.\n\nResults: Results showed that the majority of fertility apps are not based on evidence-based FABMs or include a disclaimer discouraging use for avoiding pregnancy. However, at least 1 app in each FABM category (except symptohormonal methods) had a perfect score on accuracy.\n\nConclusion: Relying solely on an app to use an FABM, without appropriate training in the method, may not be sufficient to prevent pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"29","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine : JABFM"}}},"pageStart":"508","pageEnd":"511","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3122/jabfm.2016.04.160022","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40662076"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3122/jabfm.2016.04.160022"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27390383"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40662076"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/complications-in-pregnancies-after-in-vitro-fertilization-and-embryo-transfer-gmtovphf/","name":"Complications in pregnancies after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer","headline":"Complications in pregnancies after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/complications-in-pregnancies-after-in-vitro-fertilization-and-embryo-transfer-gmtovphf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathpalia SK","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3264-8499"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kapoor K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Avimanu Sharma","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0324-9448"}],"datePublished":"2016-07-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Many infertile couples need treatment in different forms including Assisted Reproductive Techniques. In Vitro Fertilization and Embryo Transfer is the most advanced method of infertility treatment. Management of these pregnancies is difficult as the couples and treating doctors have undue concern and apprehension and worry about outcome of such pregnancies. This study was undertaken to find out the complications and mode of delivery and if there is a need to manage them at tertiary care centers. METHODS: 130 cases were included in the study after pregnancy was confirmed in this prospective study. These cases were followed throughout pregnancy and labour. Pregnancy, labour, and neonatal complications were noted. RESULTS: Incidence of primary infertility was more common. Mean age of patient was more. All the cases were provided standard routine antenatal care. Multiple pregnancies and preterm labour were more frequent in the study group. A large number of cases delivered vaginally. CONCLUSION: A large number of pregnancies terminated in vaginal delivery, thereby indicating that these pregnancies though high risk can have vaginal delivery. They can be managed at any hospital once clinical pregnancy is confirmed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"72","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Medical journal, Armed Forces India"}}},"pageStart":"211","pageEnd":"4","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mjafi.2015.11.010","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.mjafi.2015.11.010"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27546958"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/survival-among-infants-born-at-22-or-23-weeks-gestation-following-active-prenata-bu7ilccr/","name":"Survival Among Infants Born at 22 or 23 Weeks' Gestation Following Active Prenatal and Postnatal Care","headline":"Survival Among Infants Born at 22 or 23 Weeks' Gestation Following Active Prenatal and Postnatal Care","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/survival-among-infants-born-at-22-or-23-weeks-gestation-following-active-prenata-bu7ilccr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mehler K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Oberthuer A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Keller T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Becker I"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Valter M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roth B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kribs A"}],"datePublished":"2016-07-01","abstract":"IMPORTANCE: Rates of survival for infants born at the border of viability are still low and vary considerably among neonatal intensive care units.\n\nOBJECTIVE: To determine whether higher survival rates and better short-term outcomes for infants born at 22 or 23 weeks' gestation may be achieved by active prenatal and postnatal care.\n\nDESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Retrospective study of 106 infants born at 22 or 23 weeks of gestation at a level III neonatal intensive care unit at the University of Cologne Medical Centre in Cologne, Germany, between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2014. Data analysis was performed in June 2015.\n\nEXPOSURES: Active prenatal and postnatal care.\n\nMAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Survival until hospital discharge and survival without neonatal or short-term severe complications (defined as high-grade intraventricular hemorrhage, surgery for abdominal complications, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, or retinopathy of prematurity).\n\nRESULTS: Of 106 liveborn infants (45 born at 22 weeks and 61 born at 23 weeks and 6 days), 20 (19%) received palliative care (17 born at 22 weeks and 3 born at 23 weeks), and 86 (81%) received active care (28 born at 22 weeks and 58 born at 23 weeks). Of the 86 infants who received active care (mean [SD] maternal age, 32 [6] years), 58 (67%) survived until hospital discharge (17 born at 22 weeks and 41 born at 23 weeks). Eighty-five infants survived without severe complications, with 1 infant born at 22 weeks excluded because of missing data (6 of 27 [22%] born at 22 weeks, and 16 of 58 [28%] born at 23 weeks). Survival was predicted by the Apgar score after 5 minutes (odds ratio, 0.62 [95% CI, 0.46-0.84]) and birth weight (odds ratio, 0.001 [95% CI, 0.00-0.40]).\n\nCONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: One in 4 infants born at the border of viability and offered active care survived without severe complications. This finding should be considered for individualized parental approaches and decision making. Active follow-up information is required to determine childhood outcomes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"170","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA pediatrics"}}},"pageStart":"671","pageEnd":"7","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2016.0207","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39743455"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2016.0207"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27214875"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39743455"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstrual-cycle-characteristics-and-fecundability-in-a-north-american-preconcept-recpev5f8tqrepdcy/","name":"Menstrual cycle characteristics and fecundability in a North American preconception cohort","headline":"Menstrual cycle characteristics and fecundability in a North American preconception cohort","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstrual-cycle-characteristics-and-fecundability-in-a-north-american-preconcept-recpev5f8tqrepdcy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Amelia K Wesselink","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3929-4451","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Boston University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lauren A Wise","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2138-3752","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts and 2Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center at Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elizabeth E Hatch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7901-3928","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology Boston University School of Public Health Boston MA USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kenneth J Rothman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2398-1705","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ellen M Mikkelsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0158-7950","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus Denmark","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040r8fr65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Craig J McKinnon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5768-4237","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shruthi Mahalingaiah","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5527-5787","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493"}}],"datePublished":"2016-07-01","abstract":"Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between menstrual cycle characteristics in early life and adulthood and fecundability.\n\nMethods: Pregnancy Study Online (PRESTO) is an Internet-based preconception cohort study of pregnancy planners from the United States and Canada. During the preconception period, we enrolled 2189 female pregnancy planners aged 21-45 years who had been attempting conception for ≤6 cycles. Women self-reported menstrual cycle characteristics via an online baseline questionnaire, and pregnancy status was ascertained through bimonthly follow-up questionnaires. Proportional probabilities models were used to estimate fecundability ratios (FRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for potential confounders.\n\nResults: Compared with usual menstrual cycle lengths of 27-29 days, cycle lengths of <25 (FR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.54-1.22) and 25-26 days (FR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.75-1.14) were associated with reduced fecundability. Compared with women who reached menarche at the age of 12-13 years, those who reached menarche at <12 years had reduced fecundability (FR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.76-0.99). Women whose cycles never regularized after menarche (FR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.81-1.06) had slightly reduced fecundability compared with women whose cycles regularized within 2 years of menarche. Bleed length and heaviness of bleeding were not appreciably associated with fecundability.\n\nConclusions: Menstrual cycle characteristics, specifically cycle length and age at menarche, may act as markers of fertility potential among pregnancy planners.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"26","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Annals of epidemiology"}}},"pageStart":"482-487.e1","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annepidem.2016.05.006","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37135369"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2016.05.006"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27449569"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37135369"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/serum-caffeine-and-paraxanthine-concentrations-and-menstrual-cycle-function-correlations-with-beverage-intakes-and-associations-with-race-reproductive-hormones-and-anovulation-in-the-biocycle-study-rec09tigbldiiz5c1/","name":"Serum caffeine and paraxanthine concentrations and menstrual cycle function: correlations with beverage intakes and associations with race, reproductive hormones, and anovulation in the BioCycle Study","headline":"Serum caffeine and paraxanthine concentrations and menstrual cycle function: correlations with beverage intakes and associations with race, reproductive hormones, and anovulation in the BioCycle Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/serum-caffeine-and-paraxanthine-concentrations-and-menstrual-cycle-function-correlations-with-beverage-intakes-and-associations-with-race-reproductive-hormones-and-anovulation-in-the-biocycle-study-rec09tigbldiiz5c1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neil J Perkins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6802-4733","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rose G Radin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6273-274X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shvetha M Zarek","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2178-6623","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindsey A Sjaarda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0539-8110","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emily M Mitchell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4469-1117","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Wactawski-Wende","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3096-9595","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}}],"datePublished":"2016-07-01","abstract":"Background: Clinicians often recommend limiting caffeine intake while attempting to conceive; however, few studies have evaluated the associations between caffeine exposure and menstrual cycle function, and we are aware of no previous studies assessing biological dose via well-timed serum measurements.\n\nObjectives: We assessed the relation between caffeine and its metabolites and reproductive hormones in a healthy premenopausal cohort and evaluated potential effect modification by race.\n\nDesign: Participants (n = 259) were followed for ≤2 menstrual cycles and provided fasting blood specimens ≤8 times/cycle. Linear mixed models were used to estimate associations between serum caffeine biomarkers and geometric mean reproductive hormones, whereas Poisson regression was used to assess risk of sporadic anovulation.\n\nResults: The highest compared with the lowest serum caffeine tertile was associated with lower total testosterone [27.9 ng/dL (95% CI: 26.7, 29.0 ng/dL) compared with 29.1 ng/dL (95% CI: 27.9, 30.3 ng/dL), respectively] and free testosterone [0.178 ng/mL (95% CI: 0.171, 0.185 ng/dL) compared with 0.186 ng/mL (95% CI: 0.179, 0.194 ng/dL), respectively] after adjustment for age, race, percentage of body fat, daily vigorous exercise, perceived stress, depression, dietary factors, and alcohol intake. The highest tertiles compared with the lowest tertiles of caffeine and paraxanthine were also associated with reduced risk of anovulation [adjusted RRs (aRRs): 0.39 (95% CI: 0.18, 0.87) and 0.40 (95% CI: 0.18, 0.87), respectively]. Additional adjustment for self-reported coffee intake did not alter the reproductive hormone findings and only slightly attenuated the results for serum caffeine and paraxanthine and anovulation. Although reductions in the concentrations of total testosterone and free testosterone and decreased risk of anovulation were greatest in Asian women, there was no indication of effect modification by race.\n\nConclusion: Caffeine intake, irrespective of the beverage source, may be associated with reduced testosterone and improved menstrual cycle function in healthy premenopausal women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"104","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The American journal of clinical nutrition"}}},"pageStart":"155","pageEnd":"163","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.115.118430","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37034587"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3945/ajcn.115.118430"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27225433"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37034587"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/uterine-fibroids-ajmqpik3/","name":"Uterine fibroids","headline":"Uterine fibroids","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/uterine-fibroids-ajmqpik3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Stewart EA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laughlin-Tommaso SK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Catherino WH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lalitkumar S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gupta D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vollenhoven B"}],"datePublished":"2016-06-23","abstract":"Uterine fibroids (also known as leiomyomas or myomas) are common clonal neoplasms of the uterus. Fibroids have both smooth muscle and fibroblast components, in addition to a substantial amount of fibrous extracellular matrix, which all contribute to the pathogenetic process. Fibroids are extremely heterogeneous in their pathophysiology, size, location and clinical symptomatology. They are also a part of a range of disease in which some variants have facets of malignant behaviour but overall are benign. Risk for fibroids is associated with race; black women have a higher risk of developing fibroids earlier in life than their white counterparts and also develop more-severe forms of the disease. Clinically, fibroids account for one-third to half of all hysterectomies and are associated with substantial morbidity and health care costs for women of reproductive age. Indeed, current treatments are primarily surgical and interventional; approximately three-quarters of all fibroid treatments are hysterectomies. However, clinical innovations are emerging in the use of progesterone receptor modulators as a medical therapy. New information is rapidly accumulating about the genetic subgroups that lead to fibroid formation, which might aid further understanding of the clinical heterogeneity of this disease and lead to individualized treatments. This information is a crucial development given the current lack of high-quality evidence on which to base therapeutic decisions.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nature reviews. Disease primers"}},"pageStart":"16043","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1038/nrdp.2016.43","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59650489"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/nrdp.2016.43"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27335259"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q59650489"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/towards-clinical-application-of-pronuclear-transfer-to-prevent-mitochondrial-dna-recfqramfcjfpv3mq/","name":"Towards clinical application of pronuclear transfer to prevent mitochondrial DNA disease","headline":"Towards clinical application of pronuclear transfer to prevent mitochondrial DNA disease","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/towards-clinical-application-of-pronuclear-transfer-to-prevent-mitochondrial-dna-recfqramfcjfpv3mq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hyslop LA, Blakeley P, Craven L, Richardson J, Fogarty NM, Fragouli E, Lamb M, Wamaitha SE, Prathalingam N, Zhang Q, O'Keefe H, Takeda Y, Arizzi L, Alfarawati S, Tuppen HA, Irving L, Kalleas D, Choudhary M, Wells D, Murdoch AP, Turnbull DM, Niakan KK, Herbert M"}],"datePublished":"2016-06-10","abstract":"Of the 237 women, 92 (38.8%) had experienced both a normal and a toxaemic pregnancy, and 72 (78%) contrasted the sense of well-being associated with a normal pregnancy with the malaise and minor symptoms characteristic of the toxaemic condition. The striking feature of these early minor symptoms of toxaemia was their close resemblance to those of premenstrual syndrome noted in an earlier investigation (Greene and Dalton, 1953), most patients confirming that the minor symptoms during their toxaemic pregnancy were similar, though of increased severity, to those experienced in the premenstruum, irrespective of whether the onset of premenstrual syndrome had preceded or followed the toxaemic pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"534","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7607","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nature"}}},"pageStart":"383","pageEnd":"386","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1038/nature18303","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30830400"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/nature18303"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27281217"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q30830400"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-home-observation-of-periconceptional-exposures-hope-study-a-prospective-coho-recrrk9dswcamknlp/","name":"The Home Observation of Periconceptional Exposures (HOPE) study, a prospective cohort: aims, design, recruitment and compliance","headline":"The Home Observation of Periconceptional Exposures (HOPE) study, a prospective cohort: aims, design, recruitment and compliance","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-home-observation-of-periconceptional-exposures-hope-study-a-prospective-coho-recrrk9dswcamknlp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Christina A Porucznik","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1973-2917","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kyley J Cox","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Diana G Wilkins","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2016-06-10","abstract":"BACKGROUND: To examine transient environmental exposures and their relationship with human fecundity, exposure assessment should occur optimally at the time of conception in both members of the couple. We performed an observational, prospective cohort study with biomonitoring in both members of a heterosexual couple trying to conceive. Couples collected urine, saliva, and semen specimens for up to two menstrual cycles on days corresponding to the time windows of fertilization, implantation, and early pregnancy, identified based on the woman's observations of her cervical fluid.\n\nRESULTS: Three hundred nine eligible couples were screened between 2011 and 2015, of which 183 enrolled. Eleven couples (6.0 %) withdrew or were lost to follow up. The most successful and cost effective recruiting strategies were word of mouth (40 % of participating couples), posters and flyers (37 %), and targeted Facebook advertising (13 %) with an overall investment of $37.35 spent on recruitment per couple. Both men and women collected ≥97.2 % of requested saliva samples, and men collected ≥89.9 % of requested semen samples. Within the periovulatory days (±3 days), there was at least one urine specimen collected by women in 97.1 % of cycles, and at least one by men in 91.7 % of cycles. Daily compliance with periovulatory urine specimens ranged from 66.5 to 92.4 % for women and from 55.7 to 75.0 % for men. Compliance was ≥88 % for questionnaire completion at specified time points.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Couples planning to conceive can be recruited successfully for periconceptional monitoring, and will comply with intensive study protocols involving home collection of biospecimens and questionnaire data.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environmental Health : a Global Access Science Source"}}},"pageStart":"67","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-016-0153-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28396347"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s12940-016-0153-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27277945"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28396347"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/patterns-and-prevalence-of-medication-use-across-the-menstrual-cycle-among-healthy-reproductive-aged-women-rec7slaw0luguhmhr/","name":"Patterns and prevalence of medication use across the menstrual cycle among healthy, reproductive aged women","headline":"Patterns and prevalence of medication use across the menstrual cycle among healthy, reproductive aged women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/patterns-and-prevalence-of-medication-use-across-the-menstrual-cycle-among-healthy-reproductive-aged-women-rec7slaw0luguhmhr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen A. Johnson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4437-228X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kristen Johnson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0788-7217","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindsey A Sjaarda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0539-8110","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rebecca A. Garbose","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Donald R. Mattison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5623-0874","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Ottawa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03c4mmv16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neil J Perkins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6802-4733","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Wactawski-Wende","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3096-9595","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}}],"datePublished":"2016-06-01","abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of this study is to characterize the patterns of medication intake in healthy, reproductive-age women not using hormonal contraception.\n\nMethods: Two hundered fifty-nine healthy, premenopausal women (18-44 years of age) enrolled in the BioCycle Study (2005-2007) were followed over two menstrual cycles. Women were excluded if they were currently using oral contraceptives or other chronic medications. Over-the-counter and prescription medication use among participants was evaluated daily throughout the study via a diary assessing type of medication, dosage, units, and frequency. Medications were categorized as allergy, antibiotics, central nervous system (CNS), cold and cough, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, and pain medication based on primary active ingredient. Medication use within each category was assessed across standardized 28-day cycles to evaluate differences in use across cycle phases (i.e., early, middle, and late).\n\nResults: Medication use was reported by 73% of participants. The most and least frequently used medications, respectively, were pain (69%) and musculoskeletal medications (1%). Pain, CNS, and antibiotic medication use varied significantly across the cycle, with pain and CNS medication more frequently reported during menses and antibiotics more frequently during the luteal phase. Allergy, cold and cough, gastrointestinal, and musculoskeletal medication use did not vary across the cycle.\n\nConclusions: Patterns of medication use among reproductive age women vary across the menstrual cycle for certain types of medications, particularly in pain (e.g., Ibuprofen), antibiotics (e,g, Amoxicillin), and CNS (e.g., Adderall) medications. Future studies involving use of these types of medication in premenopausal women may need to consider the relationship of their use to the menstrual cycle.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"25","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety"}}},"pageStart":"618","pageEnd":"627","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/pds.3993","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37066092"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/pds.3993"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26954695"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37066092"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/marijuana-the-endocannabinoid-system-and-the-female-reproductive-system-6gdzpkwu/","name":"Marijuana, the Endocannabinoid System and the Female Reproductive System","headline":"Marijuana, the Endocannabinoid System and the Female Reproductive System","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/marijuana-the-endocannabinoid-system-and-the-female-reproductive-system-6gdzpkwu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Brents LK"}],"datePublished":"2016-06-01","abstract":"Marijuana use among women is highly prevalent, but the societal conversation on marijuana rarely focuses on how marijuana affects female reproduction and endocrinology. This article reviews the current scientific literature regarding marijuana use and hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis regulation, ovarian hormone production, the menstrual cycle, and fertility. Evidence suggests that marijuana can reduce female fertility by disrupting hypothalamic release of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH), leading to reduced estrogen and progesterone production and anovulatory menstrual cycles. Tolerance to these effects has been shown in rhesus monkeys, but the effects of chronic marijuana use on human female reproduction are largely unknown. Marijuana-induced analgesia, drug reinforcement properties, tolerance, and dependence are influenced by ovarian hormones, with estrogen generally increasing and progesterone decreasing sensitivity to marijuana. Carefully controlled regulation of the Endocannabinoid System (ECS) is required for successful reproduction, and the exogenous cannabinoids in marijuana may disrupt the delicate balance of the ECS in the female reproductive system.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"89","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Yale journal of biology and medicine"}}},"pageStart":"175","pageEnd":"91","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26746181","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27354844"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q26746181"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/stressinduced-increases-in-progesterone-and-cortisol-in-naturally-cycling-women-7palxi76/","name":"Stress-induced increases in progesterone and cortisol in naturally cycling women","headline":"Stress-induced increases in progesterone and cortisol in naturally cycling women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/stressinduced-increases-in-progesterone-and-cortisol-in-naturally-cycling-women-7palxi76/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Herrera AY"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nielsen SE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mather M"}],"datePublished":"2016-06-01","abstract":"Studies with animals of both sexes show that the adrenal glands release progesterone in addition to cortisol in response to stress. However, little is known about the progesterone response to stress in naturally cycling women. We investigated the effect of stress on estradiol, progesterone, and cortisol levels in women during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. We found that physical stress (the cold pressor test) had no effect on estradiol levels, but increased progesterone and cortisol. We also found positive correlations between baseline progesterone and cortisol levels, as well as between the change in progesterone and cortisol before and after water exposure in both the stress and control sessions. Mediation analyses revealed during the stress session, the change in progesterone from baseline to 42-min post-stress onset was mediated by the magnitude of change in cortisol levels across the same time span. Overall, these findings reveal that progesterone released in response to stress as observed in animals and men extends to women during the low ovarian output follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, and that the mechanism of release may be similar to the mechanism of cortisol release.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Neurobiology of stress"}},"pageStart":"96","pageEnd":"104","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ynstr.2016.02.006","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37486864"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ynstr.2016.02.006"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27981182"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37486864"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/deep-retraction-pockets-endometriosis-and-quality-of-life-rec1cifot4igsqwxo/","name":"Deep Retraction Pockets, Endometriosis, and Quality of Life","headline":"Deep Retraction Pockets, Endometriosis, and Quality of Life","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/deep-retraction-pockets-endometriosis-and-quality-of-life-rec1cifot4igsqwxo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jeffrey A Gavard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0526-0314","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ian Logan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}}],"datePublished":"2016-06-01","abstract":"Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine if deep retraction pockets (DRPs) in the posterior cul-de-sac and uterosacral ligaments could be a manifestation of endometriosis and if excision of these pockets improves pain symptoms and quality of life.\n\nStudy Design: Prospective cohort study Canadian Task Force Classification, II-3.\n\nMaterials and Methods: Preoperative data, operative data, and follow-up data were collected prospectively at the Center for Endometriosis at Saint Louis University, a referral center for the surgical management of endometriosis.\n\nResults: The 107 consecutive patients who presented with preoperative deep dyspareunia were included in the study, and the median postoperative follow-up was 13 months. Endometriosis was confirmed histologically in any location excised in 88/107 (82.2%) of the women, and 31 DRPs were excised from 25 women with DRPs in the posterior cul-de-sac or uterosacral ligaments, of which 15/31 (48.4%) had endometriosis. Of the 10 DRPs without visible surface lesions, 3 (30.0%) had endometriosis on histology. Pain symptoms and quality of life significantly improved after excision surgery, whether or not DRPs were present. Women who had endometriosis in their DRP also had significant improvement in deep dyspareunia and chronic pelvic pain and quality of life. Results did not differ when patients who took postoperative hormonal suppression were removed from the analyses.\n\nConclusion: Patients had significantly improved pain symptoms and quality of life after excision surgery, whether or not DRPs were present. This study demonstrated that a DRP may be a manifestation of endometriosis (even with a clear surface of the pocket), so that DRPs should be excised to achieve optimal excision of endometriosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Public Health"}},"pageStart":"85","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2016.00085","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36883938"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fpubh.2016.00085"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27242981"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36883938"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-randomized-trial-of-boswellia-in-association-with-betaine-and-myo-inositol-in--rechv8xgcvoondumz/","name":"A randomized trial of Boswellia in association with betaine and myo-inositol in the management of breast fibroadenomas","headline":"A randomized trial of Boswellia in association with betaine and myo-inositol in the management of breast fibroadenomas","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-randomized-trial-of-boswellia-in-association-with-betaine-and-myo-inositol-in--rechv8xgcvoondumz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Pasta V"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dinicola S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Giuliani A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Harrath AH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alwasel SH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tartaglia F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cucina A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bizzarri M"}],"datePublished":"2016-05-24","abstract":"Objective: Breast fibroadenoma is a common finding in young women and actually accounts for the majority of benign breast lumps. Fibroadenoma does not require any treatment unless clinical symptoms (mostly mastalgia) or histological markers of cancer risk (atypia) impose specific medical or surgical intervention. In symptomatic fibroadenoma, anti-estrogenic treatments provided evidence of success. Yet, these therapies are often associated with relevant side effects that lead to drug treatment discontinuation. Additionally, in such cases, relapse is a frequent issue. Therefore, an optimal strategy is still warranted. Boswellia, betaine and myo-inositol have already been proved to modulate different pathways - inflammatory, metabolic, oxidative and endocrine processes - in a wide array of human tissues. Based on that background, we hypothesized that these substances can effectively synergize in inducing the regression of fibroadenoma.\nPatients and\n\nMethods: We included 64 patients ≤ 30 years of age with fibroadenoma. The patients were randomized into two groups. The experimental group was treated with an association of Boswellia, betaine, myo-inositol, B-group vitamins and N-acetylcysteine for 6 months; otherwise, the placebo group was treated only with B-group vitamins and N-acetylcysteine. Patients were monitored at the enrollment and the end of the study for evaluating the clinical response.\n\nResults: A significant clinical improvement was observed in the experimental arm. Fibroadenoma median volume reduction averaged 17.86% in the experimental group and 5.96% in the placebo group. Moreover, 14 out of 36 (38.88%) patients showed a reduction of fibroadenoma volume compared to 5/28 (17.85%) observed in the placebo group (p = 0.005).\n\nConclusions: A supplementation with Boswellia, betaine and myo-inositol reduces fibroadenoma dimension in young women. No relevant side effects have been recorded.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"20","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences"}}},"pageStart":"1860","pageEnd":"1865","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-state-of-sex-education-in-the-united-states-recaoefqnhe63ufxp/","name":"The State of Sex Education in the United States","headline":"The State of Sex Education in the United States","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-state-of-sex-education-in-the-united-states-recaoefqnhe63ufxp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kelli Stidham Hall","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6143-4748","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Emory University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jessica McDermott Sales","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1571-8192","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Emory University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"McDermott Sales J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kelli A Komro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7893-9558","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Emory University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John Santelli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2768-1910","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172"}}],"datePublished":"2016-05-24","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"58","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Adolescent Health : Official Publication of the Society for  Adolescent Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"595","pageEnd":"597","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.03.032","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33664869"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.03.032"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27210007"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33664869"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovarian-cancer-the-fallopian-tube-as-the-site-of-origin-and-opportunities-for-pr-rec8h37sgk5gtlxdb/","name":"Ovarian Cancer: The Fallopian Tube as the Site of Origin and Opportunities for  Prevention","headline":"Ovarian Cancer: The Fallopian Tube as the Site of Origin and Opportunities for  Prevention","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovarian-cancer-the-fallopian-tube-as-the-site-of-origin-and-opportunities-for-pr-rec8h37sgk5gtlxdb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"George SH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sophia George","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1013-1883","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Miami","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02dgjyy92"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ruslan Garcia","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Miami","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02dgjyy92"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brian M Slomovitz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7241-3096","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Miami","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02dgjyy92"}}],"datePublished":"2016-05-21","abstract":"High-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) is the most common and aggressive histotype of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), and it is the predominant histotype associated with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome (HBOC). Mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 are responsible for most of the known causes of HBOC, while mutations in mismatch repair genes and several genes of moderate penetrance are responsible for the remaining known hereditary risk. Women with a history of familial ovarian cancer or with known germline mutations in highly penetrant genes are offered the option of risk-reducing surgery that involves the removal of the ovaries and fallopian tubes (salpingo-oophorectomy). Growing evidence now supports the fallopian tube epithelia as an etiological site for the development of HGSC and consequently, salpingectomy alone is emerging as a prophylactic option. This review discusses the site of origin of EOC, the rationale for risk-reducing salpingectomy in the high-risk population, and opportunities for salpingectomy in the low-risk population.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Oncology"}},"pageStart":"108","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2016.00108","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26747279"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fonc.2016.00108"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27200296"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q26747279"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/laparoscopic-fimbrioplasty-and-neosalpingostomy-in-female-infertility-a-review-o-recib5vp1xyrfvwe4/","name":"Laparoscopic Fimbrioplasty and Neosalpingostomy in Female Infertility: A Review  of 402 Cases at the Gynecological Endoscopic Surgery and Human Reproductive  Teaching Hospital in Yaoundé-Cameroon","headline":"Laparoscopic Fimbrioplasty and Neosalpingostomy in Female Infertility: A Review  of 402 Cases at the Gynecological Endoscopic Surgery and Human Reproductive  Teaching Hospital in Yaoundé-Cameroon","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/laparoscopic-fimbrioplasty-and-neosalpingostomy-in-female-infertility-a-review-o-recib5vp1xyrfvwe4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Etienne Belinga","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon; Gynecological Endoscopic Surgery and Human Reproductive Teaching H..."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Marie Kasia","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon; Gynecological Endoscopic Surgery and Human Reproductive Teaching H..."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexis Medou","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Anesthesia Unit, Gynecological Endoscopic Surgery and Human Reproductive Teaching Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yolande Salome Mimboe","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anny Ngassam","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Gynecological Endoscopic Surgery and Human Reproductive Teaching Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Dupont Kemfang Ngowa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2404-0595","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon; Gynecological Endoscopic Surgery and Human Reproductive Teaching H..."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claude Cyrile Noa","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon; Gynecological Endoscopic Surgery and Human Reproductive Teaching H..."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michel Toukam","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Laboratory of Clinical Biology, Gynecological Endoscopic Surgery and Human Reproductive Teaching Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon."}}],"datePublished":"2016-05-04","abstract":"Background: More than 70 million couples suffer from infertility worldwide. The aim of this study was to evaluate the fertility outcomes after laparoscopic fimbrioplasty and neosalpingostomy in female infertility.\n\nMethods: Laparoscopic distal tuboplasty was carried out for 402 cases at the Gynecological Endoscopic Surgery and Human Reproductive Teaching Hospital in Yaoundé-Cameroon in Central Africa from December 2002 to December 2007. Laparoscopic fimbrioplasty and neosalpingostomy were done using bipolar electrocoagulation and conventional endoscopic instruments. Log-rank test was used to compare cumulative rate curves of intrauterine pregnancy with respect to the tubal stages. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.\n\nResults: The mean age of the patients was 31.6±5.45 years. Secondary infertility was the most frequent type of infertility (70.14%). The laparoscopic tubal surgery done consisted of fimbrioplasty in 185(46%) cases and neosalpingostomy in 217 (54%) cases. Of 260 women followed up after tuboplasty, there were overall 74 (28.48%) pregnancies; 68(26.1%) intrauterine pregnancies and 6(2.3%) ectopic pregnancies. Pregnancy rates were significantly associated to the tubal stage (63% in stage 1, 15% in stage 3 and 00% in stage 4; p<0.001) and the adnexal adhesion scores (73.91% in the absence of adnexal adhesions and 8.8% in the case of a severe adnexal adhesion score). Of the 68 intrauterine pregnancies, there were 60(88%) live births and 8(12%) spontaneous abortions.\n\nConclusion: It is believed that laparoscopic fimbrioplasty and neosalpingostomy should be the preferred choice when faced with tubal distal occlusion in a context of female infertility. This implies that training in endoscopic surgery should be regarded as an important issue in developing countries.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Reproduction & Infertility"}}},"pageStart":"104","pageEnd":"109","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36828790","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27141465"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36828790"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adolescentsu2019-use-of-combined-hormonal-contraceptives-for-menstrual-cycleu201-recmbmmsrdmqpuuvb/","name":"Adolescents’ use of combined hormonal contraceptives for menstrual cycle–related problem treatment and contraception: evidence of potential lifelong negative reproductive and bone effects","headline":"Adolescents’ use of combined hormonal contraceptives for menstrual cycle–related problem treatment and contraception: evidence of potential lifelong negative reproductive and bone effects","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adolescentsu2019-use-of-combined-hormonal-contraceptives-for-menstrual-cycleu201-recmbmmsrdmqpuuvb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2016-05-03","abstract":"Non-sexually active adolescents are currently treated with combined hormonal contraception (CHC) for common experiences (e.g., cramps, acne) and serious problems (e.g., hypothalamic amenorrhea, heavy menstrual flow) for which it is not indicated, is ineffective, and is likely to cause negative long-term reproductive and bone effects. The importance to a woman's health of adolescent reproductive/bone maturation is described. Evidence is also provided to show the association of CHC use by adolescents with subfertility and inadequate bone growth. Ibuprofen is safer and more effective for cramps and heavy flow; cyclic progesterone builds bone in amenorrhea. In summary, a common, unscientific medical \"habit\" is compromising long-term reproductive and bone health in adolescents.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Women's Reproductive Health"}}},"pageStart":"73","pageEnd":"92","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23293691.2016.1196080","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/23293691.2016.1196080"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/apply-the-precautionary-principle-concerning-combined-hormonal-contraception-use-recqmbcw57wuoarmv/","name":"Apply the Precautionary Principle Concerning Combined Hormonal Contraception Use in Adolescents","headline":"Apply the Precautionary Principle Concerning Combined Hormonal Contraception Use in Adolescents","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/apply-the-precautionary-principle-concerning-combined-hormonal-contraception-use-recqmbcw57wuoarmv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2016-05-03","abstract":"Here I respond to Akers, Dhar, and Shah's (2016), Stubbs's (2016), Olshansky's (2016), and Kissling's (2016) commentaries on the article (Prior, 2016) in which I expressed concerns about the potential adverse long-term reproductive and bone health effects on normal adolescents’ maturation related to use of combined hormonal contraceptives (CHC) for contraception and/or treatment. Although Akers et al. (2016) take exception, the precautionary principle on which medical/pharmaceutical ethics is based challenges us to show that CHC is officially indicated and effective in randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials with adolescents. Those who support current practices are obligated to provide young patients and their parents with evidence from large, population-based, prospective studies (or meta-analyses of longitudinal data) that adolescents who have used CHC develop the same menstrual cycle/ovulatory function, fertility, and reproductive lifespan and similar bone density and strength as peers who did not use CHC. Without this information there can be neither reproductive justice (Kissing, 2016), nor true choice. Why is this minimal, expected scientific data not available? It is likely that authors of practice guidelines for adolescent CHC contraceptive use and who advocate its “non-contraceptive benefits” have pro-estrogen cultural biases or conflicts of interests due to pharmaceutical industry connections. I agree with Olshansky (2016) that we should listen to adolescents’ concerns and use evidence-based and safe treatments for milder heavy bleeding and cramps. For heterosexual adolescents seeking contraception, we can suggest and explain the use of safer, yet effective, nonhormonal strategies, such as the copper IUD or a barrier plus full-dose vaginal spermicide.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Women's Reproductive Health"}}},"pageStart":"113","pageEnd":"116","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23293691.2016.1196086","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/23293691.2016.1196086"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-and-risk-of-coronary-heart-disease-l0kpg331/","name":"Endometriosis and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease","headline":"Endometriosis and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-and-risk-of-coronary-heart-disease-l0kpg331/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Fan Mu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0252-0387","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rich-Edwards J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rimm EB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Donna Spiegelman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4006-4650","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Michaels Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02459py43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stacey A Missmer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1768-7705","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Michigan State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993"}}],"datePublished":"2016-05-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Endometriosis is a prevalent gynecologic disease associated with systemic chronic inflammation, heightened oxidative stress, and atherogenic lipid profile that may increase women's risk for coronary heart disease (CHD).\n\nMETHODS AND RESULTS: We examined the prospective association between laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis and subsequent CHD among 116 430 women in the Nurses' Health Study II (1989-2009). Participants with a history of heart disease and stroke were excluded. When compared with women without endometriosis, women with laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis had a higher risk of myocardial infarction (relative risk, 1.52; 95% confidence interval, 1.17-1.98), angiographically confirmed angina (1.91; 1.59-2.29), coronary artery bypass graft surgery/coronary angioplasty procedure/stent (1.35; 1.08-1.69), or any of these CHD end points combined (1.62; 1.39-1.89), independent of potential demographic, anthropometric, family history, reproductive, and lifestyle confounders. Relative risk for the combined CHD end point was highest among women aged ≤40 years (3.08; 2.02-4.70) and decreased as age increased (40< age ≤50 years, 1.65; 1.35-2.02; 50< age ≤55 years, 1.44; 1.07-1.94; and age >55 years, 0.98; 0.56-1.72; P value, test for heterogeneity=0.001). Having had a hysterectomy/oophorectomy was associated with higher risk of combined CHD compared with not having had a hysterectomy/oophorectomy (1.51; 1.34-1.71). A percentage of 42 of the association between endometriosis and CHD could be explained by greater frequency of hysterectomy/oophorectomy and earlier age at surgery after endometriosis diagnosis.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: In this large, prospective cohort, laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis was associated with increased risk of CHD. The association was strongest among young women. Hysterectomy/oophorectomy was associated with higher risk of CHD and could partially explain the association between endometriosis and CHD.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Circulation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes"}}},"pageStart":"257","pageEnd":"64","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.115.002224","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37083129"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.115.002224"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27025928"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37083129"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/zika-virus-and-birth-defects--reviewing-the-evidence-for-causality-receqccwi2hugsvho/","name":"Zika Virus and Birth Defects--Reviewing the Evidence for Causality","headline":"Zika Virus and Birth Defects--Reviewing the Evidence for Causality","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/zika-virus-and-birth-defects--reviewing-the-evidence-for-causality-receqccwi2hugsvho/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sonja A Rasmussen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0574-4928","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Surveillance, Epidemiology, and Laboratory Services","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xte6x19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Denise J Jamieson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2597-1201","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Margaret A Honein","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1523-7815","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021asz590"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lyle R Petersen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3902-0565","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042twtr12"}}],"datePublished":"2016-04-14","abstract":"The Zika virus has spread rapidly in the Americas since its first identification in Brazil in early 2015. Prenatal Zika virus infection has been linked to adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes, most notably microcephaly and other serious brain anomalies. To determine whether Zika virus infection during pregnancy causes these adverse outcomes, we evaluated available data using criteria that have been proposed for the assessment of potential teratogens. On the basis of this review, we conclude that a causal relationship exists between prenatal Zika virus infection and microcephaly and other serious brain anomalies. Evidence that was used to support this causal relationship included Zika virus infection at times during prenatal development that were consistent with the defects observed; a specific, rare phenotype involving microcephaly and associated brain anomalies in fetuses or infants with presumed or confirmed congenital Zika virus infection; and data that strongly support biologic plausibility, including the identification of Zika virus in the brain tissue of affected fetuses and infants. Given the recognition of this causal relationship, we need to intensify our efforts toward the prevention of adverse outcomes caused by congenital Zika virus infection. However, many questions that are critical to our prevention efforts remain, including the spectrum of defects caused by prenatal Zika virus infection, the degree of relative and absolute risks of adverse outcomes among fetuses whose mothers were infected at different times during pregnancy, and factors that might affect a woman’s risk of adverse pregnancy or birth outcomes. Addressing these questions will improve our ability to reduce the burden of the effects of Zika virus infection during pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"374","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"20","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"1981","pageEnd":"1987","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMsr1604338","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23815222"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJMsr1604338"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27074377"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q23815222"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metabolic-syndrome-and-metabolic-risk-profile-according-to-polycystic-ovary-synd-recptfzvlritvbwck/","name":"Metabolic syndrome and metabolic risk profile according to polycystic ovary  syndrome phenotype","headline":"Metabolic syndrome and metabolic risk profile according to polycystic ovary  syndrome phenotype","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metabolic-syndrome-and-metabolic-risk-profile-according-to-polycystic-ovary-synd-recptfzvlritvbwck/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Berna Dilbaz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1137-8650","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zübeyde Hanim Maternity Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0011v4420"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Derya Akdag Cirik","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Reproductive Medicine and Infertility Ankara Etlik Zubeyde Hanım Women's Health Training and Research Hospital  Ankara Turkey"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Runa Ozelci","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9267-8702","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zübeyde Hanim Maternity Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0011v4420"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enis Ozkaya","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6580-1237","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zübeyde Hanim Maternity Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0011v4420"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Serdar Dilbaz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2076-2903","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zübeyde Hanim Maternity Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0011v4420"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enes Bil","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zübeyde Hanim Maternity Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0011v4420"}}],"datePublished":"2016-04-14","abstract":"Aim: It is unknown which phenotype of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has a greater metabolic risk and how to detect this risk. The aim of this study was therefore to compare the incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and metabolic risk profile (MRP) for different phenotypes.\n\nMethods: A total of 100 consecutive newly diagnosed PCOS women in a tertiary referral hospital were recruited. Patients were classified into four phenotypes according to the Rotterdam criteria, on the presence of at least two of the three criteria hyperandrogenism (H), oligo/anovulation (O) and PCO appearance (P): phenotype A, H + O + P; phenotype B, H + O; phenotype C, H + P; phenotype D, O + P. Prevalence of MetS and MRP were compared among the four groups.\n\nResults: Based on Natural Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III diagnostic criteria, MetS prevalence was higher in phenotypes A and B (29.6% and 34.5%) compared with the other phenotypes (10.0% and 8.3%; P < 0.001). Although the prevalence of obesity was similar, the number of patients with homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) >3.8 was significantly higher in androgenic PCOS phenotypes. After logistic regression analysis, visceral adiposity index (VAI) was the only independent predictor of MetS in PCOS (P = 0.002). VAI was also significantly higher in phenotype B, when compared with the others (P < 0.01).\n\nConclusion: Phenotypes A and B had the highest risk of MetS among the four phenotypes, and VAI may be a predictor of metabolic risk in PCOS women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"42","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research"}}},"pageStart":"837","pageEnd":"843","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/jog.12985","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40804307"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/jog.12985"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27071345"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40804307"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptive-use-and-prevalence-of-selfreported-glaucoma-or-ocular-hyperte-0y9zepsh/","name":"Oral Contraceptive Use and Prevalence of Self-Reported Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension in the United States","headline":"Oral Contraceptive Use and Prevalence of Self-Reported Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension in the United States","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptive-use-and-prevalence-of-selfreported-glaucoma-or-ocular-hyperte-0y9zepsh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Wang YE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kakigi C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Barbosa D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Porco T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rong Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8267-3344","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Peking Union Medical College Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04jztag35"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shu Wang"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yuhua Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3842-475X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fb35g87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kalpana Singh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7031-0798","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hamad Medical Corporation","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02zwb6n98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pasquale LR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lin SC"}],"datePublished":"2016-04-01","abstract":"PURPOSE: To investigate the association between oral contraceptive (OC) use and glaucoma prevalence in the United States.\n\nDESIGN: Cross-sectional study.\n\nPARTICIPANTS: A total of 3406 female participants, aged 40 years or older, from the 2005 to 2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, who reported a presence or absence of glaucoma or ocular hypertension completed both the vision and the reproductive health questionnaires and underwent eye examinations.\n\nMETHODS: Multivariate regression analysis was used to assess the correlation between OC use and self-reported glaucoma or ocular hypertension (n = 231 cases), controlling for potential confounders, including age, ethnicity, systemic comorbidities such as hypertension and stroke, ocular diseases such as cataract and diabetic retinopathy, and reproductive health factors, including age at menopause, age at menarche, history of hormone replacement therapy, and gynecological surgical history.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The outcome variable was self-reported glaucoma or ocular hypertension.\n\nRESULTS: After adjusting for confounders, those with ≥3 years of OC use had greater odds (odds ratio, 1.94; 95% confidence interval, 1.22-3.07) of self-reported glaucoma or ocular hypertension. Other factors associated with higher glaucoma or ocular hypertension prevalence included older age, African American race, and later age at menarche.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Oral contraceptive use may be associated with increased risk of self-reported glaucoma or ocular hypertension.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"123","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Ophthalmology"}}},"pageStart":"729","pageEnd":"36","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2015.11.029","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36871124"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ophtha.2015.11.029"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26948305"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36871124"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/phthalate-metabolite-levels-and-menopausal-hot-flashes-in-midlife-women-gxyaibqp/","name":"Phthalate metabolite levels and menopausal hot flashes in midlife women","headline":"Phthalate metabolite levels and menopausal hot flashes in midlife women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/phthalate-metabolite-levels-and-menopausal-hot-flashes-in-midlife-women-gxyaibqp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ziv-Gal A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gallicchio L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Catheryne Chiang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5872-3581","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047426m28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ther SN"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Miller SR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Howard A. Zacur","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dills RL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jodi A Flaws","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5579-9268","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047426m28"}}],"datePublished":"2016-04-01","abstract":"During the menopausal transition, a woman's reproductive capacity declines, her hormone milieu changes, and her risk of hot flashes increases. Exposure to phthalates, which can be found in personal care products, can also result in altered reproductive function. Here, we investigated the associations between phthalate metabolite levels and midlife hot flashes. Eligible women (45-54 years of age) provided detailed information on hot flashes history and donated urine samples (n=195). Urinary phthalate metabolite levels were measured by HPLC-MS/MS. A higher total sum of phthalate metabolites commonly found in personal care products was associated with an increased risk of ever experiencing hot flashes (odds ratio (OR)=1.45; 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.07-1.96), hot flashes in the past 30days (OR=1.43; 95%CI=1.04-1.96), and more frequent hot flashes (OR=1.47; 95%CI=1.06-2.05). These data suggest that some phthalate exposures from personal care products are associated with menopausal hot flashes in women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"60","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.)"}},"pageStart":"76","pageEnd":"81","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reprotox.2016.02.001","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28394214"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.reprotox.2016.02.001"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26867866"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28394214"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/infertility-in-the-philippines-and-natural-procreative-napro-technology-a-commen-reclzjbotjbi0p28g/","name":"Infertility in The Philippines and Natural Procreative (Napro) Technology: A Commentary","headline":"Infertility in The Philippines and Natural Procreative (Napro) Technology: A Commentary","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/infertility-in-the-philippines-and-natural-procreative-napro-technology-a-commen-reclzjbotjbi0p28g/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Flores RL"}],"datePublished":"2016-04-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Scholars Academic Journal of Biosciences"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.21276/sajb.2016.4.4.13","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.21276/sajb.2016.4.4.13"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-depot-medroxyprogesterone-acetate-on-postnatal-depression-a-random-recqtmtx2dogohanb/","name":"The effect of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate on postnatal depression: a  randomised controlled trial","headline":"The effect of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate on postnatal depression: a  randomised controlled trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-depot-medroxyprogesterone-acetate-on-postnatal-depression-a-random-recqtmtx2dogohanb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"G Justus Hofmeyr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3080-1007","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Walter Sisulu University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02svzjn28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Theresa A Lawrie","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5500-8590","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal United Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00a858n67"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mandisa Singata-Madliki","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4193-8786","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Deputy Director, Effective Care Research Unit (ECRU), Eastern Cape Department of Health, East London Hospital Complex, Universities of the Witwatersrand and Fort Hare, East London, South Africa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05fnafm06"}}],"datePublished":"2016-04-01","abstract":"Background: Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) is the most commonly used hormonal contraceptive method in South Africa. It is frequently administered in the immediate postnatal period, yet it is unclear whether it affects the risk of postnatal depression (PND).\n\nAim: To determine whether DMPA increases the risk of PND compared with the copper-containing intrauterine device (IUD) when administered after delivery. DESIGN AND Setting: A single-blind randomised controlled trial conducted at two teaching hospitals in East London, South Africa.\n\nMethods: Eligible, consenting women (N=242) requiring postnatal contraception were randomised to receive DMPA or an IUD within 48 hours of childbirth and interviewed at 1 and 3 months postpartum. Depression was measured using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Resumption of sexual intercourse, menstrual symptoms and breastfeeding rates were also assessed.\n\nResults: One-month EPDS depression scores were statistically significantly higher in the DMPA arm compared with IUD arm (p=0.04). Three-month BDI-II scores were significantly higher in the DMPA arm than in the IUD arm (p=0.002) and, according to the BDI-II but not the EPDS, more women in the DMPA arm had major depression at this time-point (8 vs 2; p=0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in other outcome measures except that fewer women had resumed sexual activity by 1 month postpartum in the DMPA arm (13% vs 26%; p=0.02).\n\nConclusions: The possibility that immediate postnatal DMPA use is associated with depression cannot be excluded. These findings justify further research with longer follow-up. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: PACTR201209000419241.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"42","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care"}}},"pageStart":"171","pageEnd":"176","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/jfprhc-2015-101334","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46416837"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/jfprhc-2015-101334"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27030698"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46416837"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-zinc-supplementation-on-endocrine-outcomes-in-women-with-polycystic-o-sib11i1k/","name":"Effects of Zinc Supplementation on Endocrine Outcomes in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial","headline":"Effects of Zinc Supplementation on Endocrine Outcomes in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-zinc-supplementation-on-endocrine-outcomes-in-women-with-polycystic-o-sib11i1k/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mehri Jamilian","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5740-5637","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Arak University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056mgfb42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fatemeh Foroozanfard","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kashan University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dc0dy65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fereshteh Bahmani","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0683-3153","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kashan University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dc0dy65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Talaee R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Monavari M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zatollah Asemi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8985-7224","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kashan University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dc0dy65"}}],"datePublished":"2016-04-01","abstract":"The current study was conducted to evaluate the effects of zinc supplementation on endocrine outcomes, biomarkers of inflammation, and oxidative stress in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). This study was a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Forty-eight women (18-40 years) with PCOS diagnosed according to Rotterdam criteria were randomly assigned to receive either 220 mg zinc sulfate (containing 50 mg zinc) (group 1; n = 24) and/or placebo (group 2; n = 24) for 8 weeks. Hormonal profiles, biomarkers of inflammation, and oxidative stress were measured at study baseline and after 8-week intervention. After 8 weeks of intervention, alopecia (41.7 vs. 12.5%, P = 0.02) decreased compared with the placebo. Additionally, patients who received zinc supplements had significantly decreased hirsutism (modified Ferriman-Gallwey scores) (-1.71 ± 0.99 vs. -0.29 ± 0.95, P < 0.001) and plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (-0.09 ± 1.31 vs. +2.34 ± 5.53 μmol/L, P = 0.04) compared with the placebo. A trend toward a significant effect of zinc intake on reducing high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels (P = 0.06) was also observed. We did observe no significant changes of zinc supplementation on hormonal profiles, inflammatory cytokines, and other biomarkers of oxidative stress. In conclusion, using 50 mg/day elemental zinc for 8 weeks among PCOS women had beneficial effects on alopecia, hirsutism, and plasma MDA levels; however, it did not affect hormonal profiles, inflammatory cytokines, and other biomarkers of oxidative stress.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"170","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Biological trace element research"}}},"pageStart":"271","pageEnd":"8","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-015-0480-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56089301"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s12011-015-0480-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26315303"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q56089301"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vitamin-d-and-ovarian-reserve-and-fecundability-among-women-with-proven-fecundity-reclbyj0daoxzzni6/","name":"Vitamin D and Ovarian Reserve and Fecundability among Women with Proven Fecundity","headline":"Vitamin D and Ovarian Reserve and Fecundability among Women with Proven Fecundity","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vitamin-d-and-ovarian-reserve-and-fecundability-among-women-with-proven-fecundity-reclbyj0daoxzzni6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Laurie L Lesher","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Room 2B200 SOM, 50 North Medical Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rebecca A. Garbose","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Keewan Kim","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7171-3487","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Noya Galai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8280-9492","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Haifa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02f009v59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anne M Lynch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6508-8136","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Colorado Denver","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02hh7en24"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kara A Michels","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2431-2079","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neil J Perkins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6802-4733","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert M Silver","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5794-3152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Intermountain Healthcare","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mvr1r74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindsey A Sjaarda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0539-8110","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Wactawski-Wende","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3096-9595","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}}],"datePublished":"2016-04-01","abstract":"Objective\nVitamin D is associated with markers of ovarian reserve in women of advanced reproductive age and\nin vitro\nstudies suggest that vitamin D may influence anti‐mullerian hormone (AMH). Higher vitamin D levels are also associated with improved IVF outcomes in some studies. However, less is understood regarding associations with ovarian reserve or time to pregnancy among younger women or women without a history of infertility. Our purpose was to assess the relationships between vitamin D and AMH and fecundability among women with proven fecundity.\nDesign\nSecondary analysis of the EAGeR Trial, a multicenter, block‐randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical trial to evaluate the effect of preconception‐initiated daily low dose aspirin on reproductive outcomes in women with a history of pregnancy loss and normal fecundity.\n\nMethods\n\nParticipants were attempting pregnancy, aged 18–40 years, with 1–2 prior pregnancy losses and no history of infertility. We assessed 25‐OH vitamin D and AMH in serum at baseline (not pregnant) among 1185 women. AMH levels were log‐transformed for normality. Linear regression was used to estimate associations between vitamin D and AMH concentrations adjusting for age, body mass index, race, season, physical activity, and number of prior losses. Time to hCG detected pregnancy was assessed using Cox proportional hazard regression models for discrete survival time, accounting for left truncation and right censoring, to estimate fecundability odds ratios (FOR), adjusting for the same factors.\n\nResults\nA total of 163 women (13.8%) had deficient vitamin D levels (<20 ng/mL). Overall, vitamin D levels were not associated with AMH (percent change −1.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] −5.3%, 2.3% per 10 ng/mL). Vitamin D deficiency was also not associated with AMH (deficient: adjusted geometric mean AMH 2.51, 95% CI 2.20, 2.85 vs. inadequate/sufficient: 2.74, 95% CI 2.60, 2.89). There also were no significant associations observed between overall vitamin D levels or deficiency and fecundability (FOR 1.09, 95% CI 0.84, 1.42 comparing deficient vs. inadequate/sufficient) after adjustment.\n\nConclusions\nVitamin D was not associated with AMH, time to pregnancy, or fecundability among women with proven fecundity. These results suggest that vitamin D is not associated with ovarian reserve or fecundability and that vitamin D supplementation may offer little clinical benefit for improving markers of ovarian reserve and fecundity.\nSupport or Funding Information\nIntramural Research Program, DIPHR, NICHD, NIH","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"30","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"S1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The FASEB Journal"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.30.1_supplement.290.6","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1096/fasebj.30.1_supplement.290.6"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/antimllerian-hormone-and-pregnancy-loss-from-the-effects-of-aspirin-in-gestation-and-reproduction-trial-recnwaxtwlkbcpuvd/","name":"Antimüllerian hormone and pregnancy loss from the Effects of Aspirin in Gestation and Reproduction trial","headline":"Antimüllerian hormone and pregnancy loss from the Effects of Aspirin in Gestation and Reproduction trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/antimllerian-hormone-and-pregnancy-loss-from-the-effects-of-aspirin-in-gestation-and-reproduction-trial-recnwaxtwlkbcpuvd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Shvetha M Zarek","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2178-6623","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindsey A Sjaarda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0539-8110","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert M Silver","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5794-3152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Intermountain Healthcare","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mvr1r74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Noya Galai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8280-9492","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Haifa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02f009v59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rose G Radin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6273-274X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Torie Comeaux Plowden","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9086-2947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alan H DeCherney","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4095-1383","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emily M Mitchell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4469-1117","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}}],"datePublished":"2016-04-01","abstract":"Objective: To evaluate if antimüllerian hormone (AMH) is associated with pregnancy loss.\nDesign: Prospective cohort study within a block-randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of low-dose aspirin.\nSetting: Not applicable. PATIENT(S): Women (n = 1,228) were of ages 18-40 years with a history of one to two pregnancy losses and were actively attempting pregnancy without fertility treatment. INTERVENTION(S): Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Pregnancy loss. RESULT(S): Relative risks (and 95% confidence interval [CIs]) of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)-detected and clinical pregnancy loss were assessed with the use of log binomial models with robust variance and inverse probability weights adjusted for age, race, body mass index, income, trial treatment assignment, parity, number of previous losses, and time since most recent loss. AMH levels were defined as: low (<1.00 ng/mL; n = 124), normal (referent; 1.00-3.5 ng/mL; n = 595), and high (>3.5 ng/mL; n = 483). Of the 1,202 women with baseline AMH data, 19 (17.3%) with low AMH experienced a clinical loss, compared with 61 (11.4%) with normal AMH and 50 (11.8%) with high AMH levels. Low or high AMH levels, compared with normal AMH, were not associated with clinical loss. Results for hCG-detected pregnancy loss mirrored those of clinical loss. CONCLUSION(S): AMH values were not associated with hCG-detected or clinical pregnancy loss in unassisted conceptions in women with a history of one to two previous losses. Our data do not support routine AMH testing for prediction of pregnancy loss. Clinical\n\nTrial Registration Number: NCT00467363.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"105","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"946-952.e2","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.12.003","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36768031"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.12.003"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26707905"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36768031"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/population-reproductive-and-sexual-health-data-are-essential-where-disciplines-m-rec8rxdjpakxzlp19/","name":"Population, Reproductive, and Sexual Health: Data Are Essential Where Disciplines Meet and Ideologies Conflict","headline":"Population, Reproductive, and Sexual Health: Data Are Essential Where Disciplines Meet and Ideologies Conflict","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/population-reproductive-and-sexual-health-data-are-essential-where-disciplines-m-rec8rxdjpakxzlp19/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2016-03-26","abstract":"The flourishing of the individual human person, the health of human society, and the ecological well being of planet earth are inextricably connected with the issues of human population, sexuality, and reproduction. Many academic disciplines have strong interests in these issues, approaching them from different perspectives and with different emphases. However, these areas of study are also infused with controversy and strong ideological positions arising from cultural, religious, political, and social traditions that sometimes clash with each other. To address these issues, two things are needed: (1) data that address questions from different underlying assumptions; (2) open and respectful discussion among scientists, clinicians, and policy makers who have different backgrounds, narrative frameworks, and conceptual perspectives (1). The new Section on Population, Reproductive and Sexual Health, Frontiers in Public Health will contribute constructively to these critical needs.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Public Health"}},"pageStart":"27","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2016.00027","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31063253"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fpubh.2016.00027"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27014671"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q31063253"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/methods-for-a-retrospective-population-based-and-clinic-based-subfertility-cohor-recjhktkrmqekagcg/","name":"Methods for a Retrospective Population-based and Clinic-based Subfertility Cohort Study: the Fertility Experiences Study","headline":"Methods for a Retrospective Population-based and Clinic-based Subfertility Cohort Study: the Fertility Experiences Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/methods-for-a-retrospective-population-based-and-clinic-based-subfertility-cohor-recjhktkrmqekagcg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jessica N Sanders","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4487-1997","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S E Simonsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-7671","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ahmad Hammoud","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7581-9024","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mark Gibson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0657-5166","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Vermont","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0155zta11"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ken R Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0682-3705","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2016-03-24","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Most cohort-based research for subfertility has been conducted in clinic-based cohorts, which may differ from population-based cohorts.\n\nMETHODS: We retrospectively recruited parallel cohorts of subfertile women: one by sampling two specialty fertility clinics in Utah, and one by population-based sampling based on marriage and birth records. The index date (of first clinic visit or subfertility status) was between 2000 and 2009, and we linked the women recruited to subsequent birth certificate records through December 2010.\n\nRESULTS: We enrolled 459 women through clinic-based sampling and 501 women through population-based sampling. Clinic-based women were older, had higher annual household income and more likely to have had a most intensive treatment of intrauterine insemination (31%) or in vitro fertilisation (46%) than women from population recruitment (19% and 14% respectively). Conversely, they were less likely to have received no medical treatment (9%) compared to women from population recruitment (41%). For both types of sampling, prior to eligibility screening, non-responders were less likely to link to a live birth than responders: 51% vs. 58% for clinic-based, and 69% vs. 76% for the population-based with an index date in 2004.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Population-based sampling for subfertility cohort research identifies women who were more likely to have had less intensive treatment or no treatment. However, in both clinic-based and population-based sampling, women who have had a live birth are more likely to respond to retrospective recruitment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"30","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology"}}},"pageStart":"397","pageEnd":"407","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/ppe.12291","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36984573"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/ppe.12291"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27006293"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36984573"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/differential-item-functioning-in-the-sf-36-physical-functioning-and-mental-healt-reczlsljgtcrqgbi3/","name":"Differential Item Functioning in the SF-36 Physical Functioning and Mental Health Sub-Scales: A Population-Based Investigation in the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study","headline":"Differential Item Functioning in the SF-36 Physical Functioning and Mental Health Sub-Scales: A Population-Based Investigation in the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/differential-item-functioning-in-the-sf-36-physical-functioning-and-mental-healt-reczlsljgtcrqgbi3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa M Lix","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8685-3212","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Saskatchewan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xueqing Wu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6531-8349","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanxi Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0265d1010"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nancy E. Mayo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2066-7120","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04cpxjv19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tolulope T. Sajobi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5696-5552"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jueli Liu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5815-2483","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang A & F University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vj4rn06"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert G Josse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-6264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard Sawatzky","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8042-190X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"School of Nursing, Trinity Western University &amp; Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcomes Sciences, Providence Health Care, Langley, BC, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandra Papaioannou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9412-0932","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W M Hopman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3162-8754","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kingston General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03zq81960"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Shawn Davison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8123-7680","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tanveer Towheed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8738-9394","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Rheumatology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rtaxr13"}}],"datePublished":"2016-03-21","abstract":"Background: Self-reported health status measures, like the Short Form 36-item Health Survey (SF-36), can provide rich information about the overall health of a population and its components, such as physical, mental, and social health. However, differential item functioning (DIF), which arises when population sub-groups with the same underlying (i.e., latent) level of health have different measured item response probabilities, may compromise the comparability of these measures. The purpose of this study was to test for DIF on the SF-36 physical functioning (PF) and mental health (MH) sub-scale items in a Canadian population-based sample.\n\nMethods: Study data were from the prospective Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos), which collected baseline data in 1996-1997. DIF was tested using a multiple indicators multiple causes (MIMIC) method. Confirmatory factor analysis defined the latent variable measurement model for the item responses and latent variable regression with demographic and health status covariates (i.e., sex, age group, body weight, self-perceived general health) produced estimates of the magnitude of DIF effects.\n\nResults: The CaMos cohort consisted of 9423 respondents; 69.4% were female and 51.7% were less than 65 years. Eight of 10 items on the PF sub-scale and four of five items on the MH sub-scale exhibited DIF. Large DIF effects were observed on PF sub-scale items about vigorous and moderate activities, lifting and carrying groceries, walking one block, and bathing or dressing. On the MH sub-scale items, all DIF effects were small or moderate in size.\n\nConclusions: SF-36 PF and MH sub-scale scores were not comparable across population sub-groups defined by demographic and health status variables due to the effects of DIF, although the magnitude of this bias was not large for most items. We recommend testing and adjusting for DIF to ensure comparability of the SF-36 in population-based investigations.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"PLoS One"}}},"pageStart":"e0151519","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0151519","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35964533"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1371/journal.pone.0151519"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26998611"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35964533"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effectiveness-of-bilateral-tubotubal-anastomosis-in-a-large-outpatient-populatio-recibczongss9omgz/","name":"Effectiveness of bilateral tubotubal anastomosis in a large outpatient  population","headline":"Effectiveness of bilateral tubotubal anastomosis in a large outpatient  population","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effectiveness-of-bilateral-tubotubal-anastomosis-in-a-large-outpatient-populatio-recibczongss9omgz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Gary S Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6952-146X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John M Thorp","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4598-0271","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thorp JM Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mark A Weaver","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9020-7264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}}],"datePublished":"2016-03-17","abstract":"STUDY Question: Is bilateral tubotubal anastomosis a successful treatment in an outpatient patient population?\n\nSUMMARY ANSWER: For women wanting children after tubal sterilization, bilateral tubotubal anastomosis is an effective outpatient treatment.\n\nWHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: With the current emphasis in reproductive medicine on high technology procedures, the effectiveness of female surgical sterilization reversal is often overlooked. Previous clinical studies of tubal sterilization reversal have been mostly retrospective analyses of small patient populations.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: A cohort of women who underwent outpatient bilateral tubotubal anastomosis from January 2000 to June 2013 was followed prospectively until December 2014 to determine the proportions of women undergoing the procedure who became pregnant and who had live births. Data were collected at the time of pregnancy. Differences in pregnancy rates and live birth rates associated with age, race and sterilization method were evaluated.\n\nPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, Methods: A total of 6692 women, aged 20-51 years, underwent outpatient bilateral tubotubal anastomosis.\n\nMAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: The crude overall pregnancy rate was 69%. The crude overall birth rate was 35%. Results varied according to age at sterilization reversal and the method of sterilization. Women under 30 years of age at reversal of ring/clip sterilizations had an 88% pregnancy rate and 62% birth rate. Pregnancy and birth rates declined as age increased at sterilization reversal. Coagulation sterilization reversals resulted in the lowest rates of pregnancies and births. Ligation/resection reversals had intermediate success rates.\n\nLIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: Limitations of our study include probable underreporting of pregnancies based on patient-initiated reports; possible errors in the reporting of pregnancies or early miscarriages that may have been based solely on home pregnancy tests; and probable over-reporting of the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancies. We identified age and sterilization method as being associated with subsequent pregnancy, however, in order to be considered predictive, the associations would need to be validated in an independent second prospectively studied group of representative patients. Finally, we also included patients in the study population who had additional surgical procedures performed at the time of tubotubal anastomosis (e.g. uterine myomectomy, fimbrioplasty, ovarian cystectomy and adhesiolysis), factors that could result in differences in pregnancy statistics in our study versus other patient populations.\n\nWIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE Findings: The results of this study can help inform patients and clinicians about this low technology alternative to IVF.\n\nSTUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS: None.\n\nTRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: N/A.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"31","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1120","pageEnd":"1125","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dew038","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36823143"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/dew038"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26980770"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36823143"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/increased-rate-of-spontaneous-miscarriages-in-endometriosis-affected-women-rec4slg1cgppesnay/","name":"Increased rate of spontaneous miscarriages in endometriosis-affected women","headline":"Increased rate of spontaneous miscarriages in endometriosis-affected women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/increased-rate-of-spontaneous-miscarriages-in-endometriosis-affected-women-rec4slg1cgppesnay/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Pietro Santulli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4985-7326","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00pg5jh14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Louis Marcellin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4482-9710","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Paris Cité","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05f82e368"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thibault Thubert","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4169-7241","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Paris Cité","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05f82e368"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Babak Khoshnood","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4031-4915","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Maternité Port Royal","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x72gm71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Francois Goffinet","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9643-0299","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Paris Cité","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05f82e368"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pierre-Yves Ancel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9632-7494","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Paris Cité","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05f82e368"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Charles Chapron","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2578-3163","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Délégation Paris 5","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02e0y6e06"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vanessa Gayet","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sorbonne Paris Cité","sameAs":"https://ror.org/001z21q04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sophie Menard","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Paris Cité","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05f82e368"}}],"datePublished":"2016-03-12","abstract":"STUDY Question: Were spontaneous miscarriages more frequent in women with histologically proven endometriosis when compared with endometriosis-free controls?\n\nSUMMARY ANSWER: Endometriosis-affected women display a significantly higher rate of previous spontaneous miscarriages than endometriosis-free controls.\n\nWHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: The association between endometriosis and miscarriages has long been debated without reaching a consensus.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: We conducted a retrospective cohort study comparing exposed women (endometriosis) and control (without endometriosis) regarding the incidence of miscarriages. All study participants underwent surgery for benign gynaecological conditions in a tertiary-care university hospital between January 2004 and March 2013. After thorough surgical examination of the abdominopelvic cavity, 870 women with histologically proven endometriosis were allocated to the endometriosis group and 981 unaffected women to the control group. Only previously pregnant women were finally included for the study analysis: 284 women in the endometriosis group and 466 in the control group.\n\nPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, Methods: Data were collected preoperatively using a structured questionnaire. Among women with at least one pregnancy before the surgery, the type and number of the different previous first trimester pregnancies outcomes were studied. Previous history of miscarriage was studied according to the existence of previous infertility history and the disease severity (revised American Fertility Society and surgical classification).\n\nMAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: Four hundred and seventy-eight pregnancies in endometriosis-affected women and 964 pregnancies in controls were analysed. The previous miscarriage rate was significantly higher in women with endometriosis compared with the controls (139/478 [29] versus 187/964 [19%], respectively; ITALIC! P < 0.001). After a subgroup analysis, the miscarriage rates of women with endometriosis and the controls were, respectively: 20 versus 12% ( ITALIC! P = 0.003) among women without a previous history of infertility and 53 versus 30% ( ITALIC! P < 0.001) for women with a previous history of infertility. After using a random-effects Poisson regression and adjusting for confounding factors, we found a significantly increased incidence rate ratio (IRR) for miscarriages in women with endometriosis (adjusted IRR: 1.70, 95% confidence interval: 1.34-2.16).\n\nLIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: There is a possible selection bias due to the specificity of the study design which included only surgical patients. In the control group, certain of the surgical gynaecological conditions, such as fibroids, ovarian cysts or tubal pathologies, might be associated with higher spontaneous miscarriage rates. In the endometriosis group, asymptomatic women were less likely to be referred for surgery and might therefore be underrepresented.\n\nWIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE Findings: This study opens the doors to future, more mechanistic studies to establish the exact link between endometriosis and spontaneous miscarriage rates.\n\nSTUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS: No external funding was used for this study. The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"31","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1014","pageEnd":"1023","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dew035","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38896839"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/dew035"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26965434"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38896839"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-in-women-with-recurrent-miscarriages-recqtd829bgkrlihw/","name":"Progesterone in Women with Recurrent Miscarriages","headline":"Progesterone in Women with Recurrent Miscarriages","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-in-women-with-recurrent-miscarriages-recqtd829bgkrlihw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Phil C Boyle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2555-6294","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NeoFertility Clinic, Suite 7, 1st Floor, Beacon Mall, Sandyford, Dublin 18, Ireland. Phil.Boyle@NeoFertility.ie."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paul A Carpentier","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mount Wachusett Community College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02p6vh725"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2016-03-11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"374","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"894","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc1600491","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q87433591"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJMc1600491"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26962922"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q87433591"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptives-and-multiple-sclerosisclinically-isolated-syndrome-susceptib-reckq9hc0azfz2wyx/","name":"Oral Contraceptives and Multiple Sclerosis/Clinically Isolated Syndrome  Susceptibility","headline":"Oral Contraceptives and Multiple Sclerosis/Clinically Isolated Syndrome  Susceptibility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptives-and-multiple-sclerosisclinically-isolated-syndrome-susceptib-reckq9hc0azfz2wyx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kerstin Hellwig","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4467-9011","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Josef-Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/046vare28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Annette Langer‐Gould","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6891-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Los Angeles Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00spys463"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lie H Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8127-8677","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaiser Permanente","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t60zh31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Annette M Langer-Gould","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Department of Research & Evaluation, Pasadena, California, United States of America."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Frank Z Stancyzk","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}}],"datePublished":"2016-03-08","abstract":"Background: The incidence of multiple sclerosis (MS) is rising in women.\n\nObjective: To determine whether the use of combined oral contraceptives (COCs) are associated with MS risk and whether this varies by progestin content.\n\nMethods: We conducted a nested case-control study of females ages 14-48 years with incident MS or clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) 2008-2011 from the membership of Kaiser Permanente Southern California. Controls were matched on age, race/ethnicity and membership characteristics. COC use up to ten years prior to symptom onset was obtained from the complete electronic health record.\n\nResults: We identified 400 women with incident MS/CIS and 3904 matched controls. Fortypercent of cases and 32% of controls had used COCs prior to symptom onset. The use of COCs was associated with a slightly increased risk of MS/CIS (adjusted OR = 1.52, 95%CI = 1.21-1.91; p<0.001). This risk did not vary by duration of COC use. The association varied by progestin content being more pronounced for levenorgestrol (adjusted OR = 1.75, 95%CI = 1.29-2.37; p<0.001) than norethindrone (adjusted OR = 1.57, 95%CI = 1.16-2.12; p = 0.003) and absent for the newest progestin, drospirenone (p = 0.95).\n\nConclusions: Our findings should be interpreted cautiously. While the use of some combination oral contraceptives may contribute to the rising incidence of MS in women, an unmeasured confounder associated with the modern woman's lifestyle is a more likely explanation for this weak association.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"PloS One"}}},"pageStart":"e0149094","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0149094","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35947785"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1371/journal.pone.0149094"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26950301"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35947785"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/expression-of-progesterone-receptors-is-significantly-impaired-in-the-endometriu-reczvtzfqflbvjv6e/","name":"Expression of progesterone receptors is significantly impaired in the endometrium of infertile women during the implantation window: a prospective observational study","headline":"Expression of progesterone receptors is significantly impaired in the endometrium of infertile women during the implantation window: a prospective observational study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/expression-of-progesterone-receptors-is-significantly-impaired-in-the-endometriu-reczvtzfqflbvjv6e/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Stamatios Petousis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5564-0406","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aristotle University of Thessaloniki","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02j61yw88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chrysoula Margioula‐Siarkou","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aristotle University of Thessaloniki","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02j61yw88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ioannis Kalogiannidis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6007-5341","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aristotle University of Thessaloniki","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02j61yw88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Constantinos Haitoglou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8372-2946","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aristotle University of Thessaloniki","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02j61yw88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Νικόλαος Πράπας","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aristotle University of Thessaloniki","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02j61yw88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Rousso","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1427-6668","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aristotle University of Thessaloniki","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02j61yw88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chrysoula Margioula-Siarkou","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"rd Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece,"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stefanos Milias","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"General Military Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02cpzy455"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nikolaos Prapas","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"rd Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece,"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yannis Prapas","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aristotle University of Thessaloniki","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02j61yw88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Konstantinos Ravanos","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Iakentro","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05mnrce88"}}],"datePublished":"2016-03-05","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To compare the expression of progesterone receptors (A + B) and type-B progesterone receptors in the epithelial and stromal cells of fertile and infertile women.\n\nMETHODS: Women were divided into two groups, the group of fertile controls (group 1) and the group of infertile women (group 2) and were set on regular ultrasound imaging in order to detect ovulation. An endometrial biopsy was obtained on the seventh or eighth post-ovulatory day. Immunohistochemistry was performed to measure percentage of positive nuclei, intensity of staining and h-score for progesterone receptors (PgR) (A + B) as well as type-B progesterone receptors in epithelial and stromal cells. Secondary outcomes included endometrial tissue dating, the rate of tissues being out-of-phase and endometrial thickness.\n\nRESULTS: Endometrial issue was obtained from 15 fertile and 30 infertile women. Expression of PgR (A + B) and PgR type-B was significantly lower in the epithelial cells of infertile women. PgR (A + B) h-score was 220.0 ± 18.5 for fertile versus 147.3 ± 18.0 for infertile women (p = 0.02). PgR type-B h-score in epithelial cells was 166.8 ± 30.7 for fertile versus 90.8 ± 20.6 for infertile (p = 0.04). No significant difference was observed in stromal cells.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Expression levels of PgR (A + B) as well as type-B receptors are significantly lower in the epithelial cells of infertile women during implantation window.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"29","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"23","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Maternal-fetal & Neonatal Medicine : the Official Journal of the  European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania  Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians"}}},"pageStart":"3912","pageEnd":"3919","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3109/14767058.2016.1152244","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47193880"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3109/14767058.2016.1152244"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26940759"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47193880"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/abnormal-thyroid-function-parameters-in-the-second-trimester-of-pregnancy-are-as-recpostdymfk71qnz/","name":"Abnormal thyroid function parameters in the second trimester of pregnancy are associated with breech presentation at term: a nested cohort study","headline":"Abnormal thyroid function parameters in the second trimester of pregnancy are associated with breech presentation at term: a nested cohort study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/abnormal-thyroid-function-parameters-in-the-second-trimester-of-pregnancy-are-as-recpostdymfk71qnz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Tanja G M Vrijkotte","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3641-4048","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Academic Medical Centre, Department of Public Health, Amsterdam, The Netherlands."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vrijkotte TG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joris A M van der Post","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9845-155X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Academic Medical Centre, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joris van der Post","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3311-2116","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Academic Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03t4gr691"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eric Fliers","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8048-9050","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Academic Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03t4gr691"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mariette Goddijn","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9928-9673","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital and Clinics","sameAs":"https://ror.org/013v7fk41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peter H Bisschop","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3583-6567","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Academic Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03t4gr691"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rosa Vissenberg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9263-9148","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Academic Medical Centre, Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address: r.vissenberg@amc.uva.nl.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03t4gr691"}}],"datePublished":"2016-03-02","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: Thyroid dysfunction has been described as a possible risk factor for having an abnormal fetal position at birth. In this study we aim to determine the association between thyroid function in early pregnancy and breech presentation at term.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: We used data from the Amsterdam Born Children and their Development (ABCD) cohort. 3347 pregnant women were included between January 2003 and March 2004 in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Thyroid function tests were performed between 5 and 37 weeks gestational age (median 12.9 weeks). The main outcome measure was the association between thyroid function in early pregnancy and breech presentation at term. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to determine the association between thyroid function and breech presentation.\n\nRESULTS: Increased TSH in pregnancy, defined as thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) >97.5th percentile (>3.53mIU/L), was associated with a higher risk for breech presentation at term (aOR 2.32, CI 1.1-4.8, p=0.02) compared to euthyroidism (TSH between 2.5th and 97.5th percentile). After exclusion of overt hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism the aOR was 2.34 (CI 1.1-5.0, p=0.03). Trimester specific analysis showed a significant association of increased TSH levels (>3.68mIU/L) in the second trimester with breech presentation (aOR 3.7, CI 1.7-7.8, p=0.001). In the second trimester low free thyroxine (FT4) <2.5th percentile (<6.7pmol/L) was also associated with breech presentation (aOR 2.5, CI 1.0-6.3, p=0.04).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Increased TSH and decreased FT4 in the second trimester of pregnancy are associated with an increased risk for breech presentation at term. The association of abnormal thyroid parameters in the first of third trimester is still unclear.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"199","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology"}},"pageStart":"169","pageEnd":"174","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2016.02.028","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39957355"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ejogrb.2016.02.028"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26930045"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39957355"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oocyte-donation-pregnancies-and-the-risk-of-preeclampsia-or-gestational-hyperten-cwbtjqrs/","name":"Oocyte donation pregnancies and the risk of preeclampsia or gestational hypertension: a systematic review and metaanalysis","headline":"Oocyte donation pregnancies and the risk of preeclampsia or gestational hypertension: a systematic review and metaanalysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oocyte-donation-pregnancies-and-the-risk-of-preeclampsia-or-gestational-hyperten-cwbtjqrs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Masoudian P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Nasr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8422-8667","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Health Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, P.O. Box 1, 71516 Assiut, Egypt. a_nasr02@lycos.com"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"de Nanassy J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fung-Kee-Fung K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bainbridge SA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"El Demellawy D"}],"datePublished":"2016-03-01","abstract":"The purpose of this study was to determine whether pregnancies that were achieved via oocyte donation, compared with pregnancies achieved via other assisted reproductive technology methods or natural conception, demonstrate increased risk of preeclampsia or gestational hypertension. Comparative studies of pregnancies that were achieved with oocyte donation vs other methods of assisted reproductive technology or natural conception with preeclampsia or gestational hypertension were included as 1 of the measured outcomes. Abstracts and unpublished studies were excluded. Two reviewers independently selected studies, which were assessed for quality with the use of methodological index for non-randomized studies, and extracted the data. Statistical analysis was conducted. Of the 523 studies that were reviewed initially, 19 comparative studies met the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria and were included in the metaanalysis, which allowed for analysis of a total of 86,515 pregnancies. Our pooled data demonstrated that the risk of preeclampsia is higher in oocyte-donation pregnancies compared with other methods of assisted reproductive technology (odds ratio, 2.54; 95% confidence interval, 1.98-3.24; P < .0001) or natural conception (odds ratio, 4.34; 95% confidence interval, 3.10-6.06; P < .0001). The risk of gestational hypertension was also increased significantly in oocyte donation pregnancies in comparison with other methods of assisted reproductive technology (odds ratio, 3.00; 95% confidence interval, 2.44-3.70; P < .0001) or natural conception (odds ratio, 7.94; 95% confidence interval, 1.73-36.36; P = .008). Subgroup analysis that was conducted for singleton and multiple gestations demonstrated a similar risk for preeclampsia and gestational hypertension in both singleton and multiple gestations. This metaanalysis provides further evidence that supports that egg donation increases the risk of preeclampsia and gestational hypertension compared with other assisted reproductive technology methods or natural conception.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"214","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American journal of obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"328","pageEnd":"39","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2015.11.020","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38656090"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ajog.2015.11.020"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26627731"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38656090"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/depression-and-posttraumatic-stress-symptoms-after-perinatal-loss-in-a-populatio-fqc5oe63/","name":"Depression and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms After Perinatal Loss in a Population-Based Sample","headline":"Depression and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms After Perinatal Loss in a Population-Based Sample","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/depression-and-posttraumatic-stress-symptoms-after-perinatal-loss-in-a-populatio-fqc5oe63/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Gold KJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leon I"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Boggs ME"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sen A"}],"datePublished":"2016-03-01","abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Perinatal loss is often a traumatic outcome for families. While there are limited data about depressive outcomes in small populations, information about depression and posttraumatic stress disorder among large racially and economically diverse populations is sparse.\n\nMETHODS: We collaborated with the Michigan Department of Community Health to conduct a longitudinal survey of bereaved mothers with stillbirth or infant death under 28 days of life and live-birth (control) mothers in Michigan. The study assessed 9-month mental health outcomes including self-reported symptoms of depression and posttraumatic stress disorder along with information about demographics, pregnancy and loss experience, social support, and past and present mental health and treatment.\n\nRESULTS: Of 1400 women contacted by the State of Michigan, 609 completed surveys and were eligible to participate for a 44% response rate (377 bereaved mothers and 232 control mothers with live births). In multivariable analysis, bereaved women had nearly 4-fold higher odds of having a positive screen for depression and 7-fold higher odds of a positive screen for post-traumatic stress disorder after controlling for demographic and personal risk variables. A minority of screen-positive women were receiving any type of psychiatric treatment.\n\nCONCLUSION: This is the largest epidemiologically based study to date to measure the psychological impact of perinatal loss. Nine months after a loss, bereaved women showed high levels of distress with limited rates of treatment. Symptoms need to be monitored over time for persisting disorder and further research should identify women at highest risk for poor outcomes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"25","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of women's health (2002)"}}},"pageStart":"263","pageEnd":"9","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2015.5284","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37114096"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1089/jwh.2015.5284"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26258870"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37114096"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/expanded-findings-from-a-randomized-controlled-trial-of-preconception-low-dose-aspirin-and-pregnancy-loss-rectnwdgor1p3wze0/","name":"Expanded findings from a randomized controlled trial of preconception low-dose aspirin and pregnancy loss","headline":"Expanded findings from a randomized controlled trial of preconception low-dose aspirin and pregnancy loss","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/expanded-findings-from-a-randomized-controlled-trial-of-preconception-low-dose-aspirin-and-pregnancy-loss-rectnwdgor1p3wze0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert M Silver","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5794-3152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Intermountain Healthcare","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mvr1r74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindsey A Sjaarda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0539-8110","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anne M Lynch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6508-8136","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Colorado Denver","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02hh7en24"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Noya Galai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8280-9492","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Haifa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02f009v59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laurie L Lesher","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Room 2B200 SOM, 50 North Medical Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Faraggi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2131-620X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Haifa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02f009v59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neil J Perkins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6802-4733","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shvetha M Zarek","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2178-6623","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Janet M Townsend","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Commonwealth Medical College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04bqfk210"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Wactawski-Wende","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3096-9595","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}}],"datePublished":"2016-03-01","abstract":"Study Question: What is the association between daily preconception-initiated low-dose aspirin (LDA) treatment and very early pregnancy losses or euploid (chromosomally normal) losses among women with one to two prior losses?\n\nSummary Answer: Daily LDA initiated preconception was not associated with the rate or type of pregnancy loss among women with a history of one to two prior pregnancy losses.\n\nWhat Is Known Already: LDA is often used to treat recurrent pregnancy loss with reductions in pregnancy loss generally only observed among women with antiphospholipid antibodies, and null associations observed among women without antiphospholipid antibodies. We previously evaluated the association between LDA and pregnancy loss overall among women with one to two prior losses in the Effects of Aspirin in Gestation and Reproduction (EAGeR) trial and found no association, though did not distinguish between potential effects at different stages of pregnancy loss, including implantation failure, or between euploid and aneuploid losses.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, Duration: The EAGeR trial was a multi-site prospective block-randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. In total, 1228 women were randomized to daily LDA (81 mg/day) plus folic acid (400 mcg/day), or placebo plus folic acid. Participants were assigned study drug for less than or equal to six menstrual cycles or if they conceived, throughout pregnancy with study drug discontinued at 36 weeks gestation. This analysis includes additional outcome information obtained from chart abstractions after the completion of the trial, as well as testing of stored urine for measurement of hCG and detection of very early pregnancy losses, and karyotyping of the products of conception for assessment of aneuploidy of the losses. PARTICIPANTS, SETTING,\n\nMethods: Women aged 18-40 with a history of one to two prior losses and actively trying to conceive were randomized (n = 615 LDA and n = 613 placebo) at four clinical centers in the USA (2007-2011). Log-binomial regression was used to estimate risk ratios under the intent-to-treat approach.\n\nMain Results and the Role of Chance: Daily LDA initiated preconception was not associated with clinically recognized pregnancy losses or implantation failures among women with proved fecundity and a history of one to two prior losses. Specifically, 1088 (88.6%) women completed the trial with 797 having an hCG detected pregnancy (64.9%). Overall there were 133 clinical losses (12.7% LDA versus 11.8% placebo, P = 0.71) and 55 implantation failures (5.2% LDA versus 4.9% placebo, P = 0.89). No differences were found in rate of euploid losses (RR 1.11, 95% confidence interval: 0.99, 1.26).\n\nLIMITATIONS, Reasons for Caution: Generalizability of these findings is limited to women with a history of one to two prior losses, and may further be limited to women of white race with higher socioeconomic status as given the rigors of the study protocol participants tended to be white and have higher incomes and more education. We were also missing karyotype information on approximately one-third of the clinically recognized pregnancy losses, which may limit our power to detect effects on euploid losses, though detailed sensitivity analysis showed similar results. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: Our data do not support the general use of LDA to decrease pregnancy loss and further demonstrate no increased risk of loss for women on LDA treatment.\n\nStudy Funding/competing Interests: This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (Contract Nos. HHSN267200603423, HHSN267200603424, HHSN267200603426). The authors have no conflicts of interest.\n\nTrial Registration Number: The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov #NCT00467363. Trial Registration Date: 27 April 2007. DATE OF FIRST PATIENT'S Enrollment: 15 June 2007.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"31","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"657","pageEnd":"665","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dev329","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36585168"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/dev329"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26759138"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36585168"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/epidemiology-of-uterine-fibroids-from-menarche-to-menopause-syj4glaa/","name":"Epidemiology of Uterine Fibroids: From Menarche to Menopause","headline":"Epidemiology of Uterine Fibroids: From Menarche to Menopause","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/epidemiology-of-uterine-fibroids-from-menarche-to-menopause-syj4glaa/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lauren A Wise","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2138-3752","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts and 2Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center at Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laughlin-Tommaso SK"}],"datePublished":"2016-03-01","abstract":"Uterine leiomyomata (UL) have a substantial impact on women's health, but relatively few studies have identified opportunities for primary prevention of these neoplasms. Most established risk factors are not modifiable, including premenopausal age, African ancestry, age at menarche, and childbearing history. The main challenge in studying UL is that a large proportion of tumors are asymptomatic. Herein, we review the epidemiology of UL from published studies to date. We highlight the advantages of ultrasound screening studies and the ways in which their innovative methods have helped clarify the etiology of disease. We conclude with a discussion of promising new hypotheses.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"59","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"2","pageEnd":"24","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/GRF.0000000000000164","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36522644"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/GRF.0000000000000164"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26744813"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36522644"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menses-resumption-after-cancer-treatmentinduced-amenorrhea-occurs-early-or-not-a-ncetb1gs/","name":"Menses resumption after cancer treatment-induced amenorrhea occurs early or not at all","headline":"Menses resumption after cancer treatment-induced amenorrhea occurs early or not at all","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menses-resumption-after-cancer-treatmentinduced-amenorrhea-occurs-early-or-not-a-ncetb1gs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacobson MH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mertens AC","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0989-0962"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Spencer JB","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8156-514X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Manatunga AK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Howards PP","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7539-8701"}],"datePublished":"2016-03-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To identify factors associated with cancer treatment-induced amenorrhea and time to return of menses.\n\nDESIGN: Population-based cohort study.\n\nSETTING: Not applicable.\n\nPATIENT(S): Female cancer survivors who were diagnosed with cancer between the ages of 20 and 35 and were at least 2 years postdiagnosis at the time of recruitment (median = 7 years; interquartile range, 5-11).\n\nINTERVENTION(S): None.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Amenorrhea (≥6 months without menses) and resumption of menses.\n\nRESULT(S): After excluding women with hysterectomies before cancer diagnosis, 1,043 women were eligible for analysis. Amenorrhea occurred in 31.6% of women. Among women treated with chemotherapy (n = 596), older age at diagnosis (30-35 vs. 20-24 years: adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.37; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.30, 4.30) and nulligravidity (vs. gravid: aOR = 1.50; 95% CI, 1.02, 2.21) were risk factors for amenorrhea. Among amenorrheic women, menses resumed in most (70.0%), and resumption occurred within 2 years of treatment for 90.0% of women. Survivors of breast cancer were more likely to resume menses at times greater than 1 year compared with lymphoma and pelvic-area cancers. Women diagnosed at older ages, those exposed to chemotherapy, and those exposed to any radiation experienced longer times to return of menses. Women who were older at diagnosis were more likely to have irregular cycles when menses returned.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Treatment-induced amenorrhea is common in cancer survivors, although most women resume menses within 2 years. However, once resumed, older women are more likely to have irregular cycles. Age at diagnosis and pregnancy history affect the risk of amenorrhea.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"105","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"765-772.e4","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.11.020","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36655965"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.11.020"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26658130"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36655965"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/critique-of-aaps-policy-on-long-acting-contraceptives-for-adolescents-recajqto8ol7puhqj/","name":"Long-acting contraceptives for adolescents","headline":"Long-acting contraceptives for adolescents","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/critique-of-aaps-policy-on-long-acting-contraceptives-for-adolescents-recajqto8ol7puhqj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"John Fitzgerald"},{"@type":"Person","name":"The National Catholic Bioethics Center"}],"datePublished":"2016-03-01","abstract":"In 2014, the American Academy of Pediatrics published its policy statement on contraception for adolescents, which provides, in effect, a mandate to temporarily sterilize all adolescents with long-acting reversible contraceptives for five to ten years. The author reviews the AAP guidelines and their effects on Catholic adolescents, their families, and adolescent health care providers. He then discusses medicolegal issues raised by the policy, outlines Catholic strategies for combating it, and proposes a diocese-based physician-led program for teaching and counseling elementary and high school students.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The national Catholic bioethics quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"63","pageEnd":"81","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.5840/ncbq20161618","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.5840/ncbq20161618"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/trying-to-conceive-after-an-early-pregnancy-loss-an-assessment-on-how-long-couples-should-wait-reczsh8bvh0gj2kpv/","name":"Trying to Conceive After an Early Pregnancy Loss: An Assessment on How Long Couples Should Wait","headline":"Trying to Conceive After an Early Pregnancy Loss: An Assessment on How Long Couples Should Wait","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/trying-to-conceive-after-an-early-pregnancy-loss-an-assessment-on-how-long-couples-should-wait-reczsh8bvh0gj2kpv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Giovane R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rezai S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shlimum A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Henderson CE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emily M Mitchell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4469-1117","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rose G Radin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6273-274X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindsey A Sjaarda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0539-8110","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shvetha M Zarek","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2178-6623","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}}],"datePublished":"2016-02-01","abstract":"Our study supports the hypothesis that there is no physiologic evidence for delaying pregnancy attempt after an early loss.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"127","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics & Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"204","pageEnd":"212","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/aog.0000000000001159","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36658031"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/aog.0000000000001159"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36658031"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/influence-of-race-and-ethnicity-on-in-vitro-fertilization-outcomes-systematic-re-wipmfhhw/","name":"Influence of race and ethnicity on in vitro fertilization outcomes: systematic review","headline":"Influence of race and ethnicity on in vitro fertilization outcomes: systematic review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/influence-of-race-and-ethnicity-on-in-vitro-fertilization-outcomes-systematic-re-wipmfhhw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Leigh Ann Humphries","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4486-9903","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Confidential Enquiry into Patient Outcome and Death","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016knsn07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chang O"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Humm K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Denny Sakkas"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michele R. Hacker","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-9991"}],"datePublished":"2016-02-01","abstract":"Objective: We conducted a systematic review to evaluate the influence of race and ethnicity on clinical pregnancy and live birth outcomes after in vitro fertilization (IVF).StudyWe searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, CINAHL, POPLINE, and Cochrane Central, and hand-searched relevant articles published through July 22, 2015.Study appraisal and synthesis methodsTwo reviewers independently evaluated abstracts to identify studies that compared clinical pregnancy rates and live birth rates for ≥2 racial and/or ethnic groups after nondonor IVF cycles.\n\nResults: Twenty-four studies were included. All 5 US registry-based studies showed that black, Hispanic, and Asian women had lower clinical pregnancy rates and/or live birth rates after IVF, compared with white women. Similarly, most clinic-specific studies reported significant disparities in these primary outcomes, potentially attributable to differences in infertility diagnosis, spontaneous abortion, and obesity. Studies varied with respect to definitions of race/ethnicity, inclusion of first cycles vs multiple cycles for individual women, and collected covariates. Most studies were limited by sample size, inadequate adjustment for confounding, selection bias, and extensive missing data.\n\nConclusions: Although current evidence points to race and ethnicity, especially black race, as strong predictors of poorer outcomes after IVF, the utility of results is constrained by the limitations described.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"214","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"212.e1-212.e17","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2015.09.002","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38585522"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ajog.2015.09.002"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38585522"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-influence-of-hormonal-factors-on-the-risk-of-developing-cervical-cancer-and-pre-cancer-results-from-the-epic-cohort-rec9va608kenyyyou/","name":"The Influence of Hormonal Factors on the Risk of Developing Cervical Cancer and Pre-Cancer: Results from the EPIC Cohort","headline":"The Influence of Hormonal Factors on the Risk of Developing Cervical Cancer and Pre-Cancer: Results from the EPIC Cohort","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-influence-of-hormonal-factors-on-the-risk-of-developing-cervical-cancer-and-pre-cancer-results-from-the-epic-cohort-rec9va608kenyyyou/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Roura E, Travier N, Waterboer T, de Sanjosé S, Bosch FX, Pawlita M, Pala V, Weiderpass E, Margall N, Dillner J, Gram IT, Tjønneland A, Munk C, Palli D, Khaw KT, Overvad K, Clavel-Chapelon F, Mesrine S, Fournier A, Fortner RT, Ose J, Steffen A, Trichopoulou A, Lagiou P, Orfanos P, Masala G, Tumino R, Sacerdote C, Polidoro S, Mattiello A, Lund E, Peeters PH, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Quirós JR, Sánchez MJ, Navarro C, Barricarte A, Larrañaga N, Ekström J, Lindquist D, Idahl A, Travis RC, Merritt MA, Gunter MJ, Rinaldi S, Tommasino M, Franceschi S, Riboli E, Castellsagué X"}],"datePublished":"2016-01-25","abstract":"Background: In addition to HPV, high parity and hormonal contraceptives have been associated with cervical cancer (CC). However, most of the evidence comes from retrospective case-control studies. The aim of this study is to prospectively evaluate associations between hormonal factors and risk of developing cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (CIN3)/carcinoma in situ (CIS) and invasive cervical cancer (ICC).\n\nMethods and findingsWe followed a cohort of 308,036 women recruited in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) Study. At enrollment, participants completed a questionnaire and provided serum. After a 9-year median follow-up, 261 ICC and 804 CIN3/CIS cases were reported. In a nested case-control study, the sera from 609 cases and 1,218 matched controls were tested for L1 antibodies against HPV types 11,16,18,31,33,35,45,52,58, and antibodies against Chlamydia trachomatis and Human herpesvirus 2. Multivariate analyses were performed to estimate hazard ratios (HR), odds ratios (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). The cohort analysis showed that number of full-term pregnancies was positively associated with CIN3/CIS risk (p-trend = 0.03). Duration of oral contraceptives use was associated with a significantly increased risk of both CIN3/CIS and ICC (HR = 1.6 and HR = 1.8 respectively for ≥ 15 years versus never use). Ever use of menopausal hormone therapy was associated with a reduced risk of ICC (HR = 0.5, 95%CI: 0.4-0.8). A non-significant reduced risk of ICC with ever use of intrauterine devices (IUD) was found in the nested case-control analysis (OR = 0.6). Analyses restricted to all cases and HPV seropositive controls yielded similar results, revealing a significant inverse association with IUD for combined CIN3/CIS and ICC (OR = 0.7).\n\nConclusions: Even though HPV is the necessary cause of CC, our results suggest that several hormonal factors are risk factors for cervical carcinogenesis. Adherence to current cervical cancer screening guidelines should minimize the increased risk of CC associated with these hormonal risk factors.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"PLoS One"}}},"pageStart":"e0147029","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0147029","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35903393"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1371/journal.pone.0147029"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26808155"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35903393"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reconstructive-tubal-microsurgery-and-assisted-reproductive-technology-recy0syhapupg3mrj/","name":"Reconstructive tubal microsurgery and assisted reproductive technology","headline":"Reconstructive tubal microsurgery and assisted reproductive technology","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reconstructive-tubal-microsurgery-and-assisted-reproductive-technology-recy0syhapupg3mrj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Victor Gomel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0044-9257","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2016-01-17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"105","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"887","pageEnd":"890","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.12.040","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38698382"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.12.040"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26773194"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38698382"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/health-care-provider-hormonal-recommendations-for-treatment-of-menstrual-cycle-r-rechfyrjiv9tng9qn/","name":"Health Care Provider Hormonal Recommendations for Treatment of Menstrual Cycle-related Problems - A Vignette-Based Study","headline":"Health Care Provider Hormonal Recommendations for Treatment of Menstrual Cycle-related Problems - A Vignette-Based Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/health-care-provider-hormonal-recommendations-for-treatment-of-menstrual-cycle-r-rechfyrjiv9tng9qn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rong Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8267-3344","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Peking Union Medical College Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04jztag35"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fatemeh Bejaei"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tabassum Vali"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shan Yi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3143-6985","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"American Pharmacists Association","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02cbrh206"}}],"datePublished":"2016-01-10","abstract":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International (Issn: 2456-9119) is dedicated to publish high quality papers in all areas of pharmaceutical Science including pharmaceutical drugs, community pharmacy, hospital pharmacy, clinical pharmacy, compounding pharmacy, consultant pharmacy, internet pharmacy, veterinary pharmacy, nuclear pharmacy, military pharmacy, pharmacy informatics, pharmaceutics, medicinal chemistry, pharmacognosy, pharmacotherapy, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, clinical pharmacology, neuropharmacology, psychopharmacology, pharmacogenetics, pharmacogenomics, pharmacoepidemiology, toxicology, theoretical pharmacology, posology, pharmacognosy, behavioral pharmacology, environmental pharmacology, medicine development and safety testing, drug legislation and safety, pharmaceutical microbiology, pharmaceutical molecular biology, pharmaceutical biotechnology. The journal also encourages the submission of useful reports of negative results. This is a quality controlled, OPEN peer reviewed, open access INTERNATIONAL journal.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British journal of pharmaceutical research"}}},"pageStart":"1","pageEnd":"12","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.9734/BJPR/2016/22046","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.9734/BJPR/2016/22046"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/epigenetic-imprinting-during-assisted-reproductive-technologies-the-effect-of-te-frnzgdq8/","name":"Epigenetic imprinting during assisted reproductive technologies: The effect of temporal and cumulative fluctuations in methionine cycling on the DNA methylation state","headline":"Epigenetic imprinting during assisted reproductive technologies: The effect of temporal and cumulative fluctuations in methionine cycling on the DNA methylation state","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/epigenetic-imprinting-during-assisted-reproductive-technologies-the-effect-of-te-frnzgdq8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hoeijmakers L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kempe H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Verschure PJ"}],"datePublished":"2016-01-07","abstract":"SUMMARYAssisted reproductive technology (ART) exposes gametes and embryos to an artificial environment that does not resemble the conditions of natural conception, and therefore might change epigenetic regulation of genes that are imprinted during development. In the present review, we discuss the relationship between susceptibility of specific genes to receive an altered epigenetic composition during ART processes, possibly via alterations in the biochemical folate and methionine cycle. We provide a comprehensive view of the current state of epigenetic patterning in ART‐conceived healthy children and in Angelman syndrome (AS) and Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) patients. We illustrate that similar genes—that is, MEST, KCNQ1OT1, and IGF2—possess an altered DNA methylation profile in animal models, ART‐conceived healthy children, and AS and BWS patients. The developmental stage at which these genes receive their epigenetic imprint appears to coincide with the specific moment that ART takes place. We highlight that ART procedures affect physiological levels of enzymes and substrates involved in the folate and methionine cycle thereby altering the DNA methylation state. Moreover, although the DNA methylation rate appears to be robust: (i) temporal imbalances coinciding with defined moments of epigenetic imprinting of specific genes affect the eventual DNA methylation state of those genes and (ii) cumulative ART effects on methionine and folate cycling can alter DNA methylation rates. These observations underscore the necessity to further investigate consequences of ART treatments on the epigenetic profile. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 83: 94–107, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"83","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Molecular Reproduction and Development"}}},"pageStart":"94","pageEnd":"107","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/mrd.22605","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38667525"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/mrd.22605"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38667525"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recurrent-varicocele-3adlmoxn/","name":"Recurrent varicocele","headline":"Recurrent varicocele","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recurrent-varicocele-3adlmoxn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rotker K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sigman M"}],"datePublished":"2016-01-01","abstract":"Varicocele recurrence is one of the most common complications associated with varicocele repair. A systematic review was performed to evaluate varicocele recurrence rates, anatomic causes of recurrence, and methods of management of recurrent varicoceles. The PubMed database was evaluated using keywords \"recurrent\" and \"varicocele\" as well as MESH criteria \"recurrent\" and \"varicocele.\" Articles were not included that were not in English, represented single case reports, focused solely on subclinical varicocele, or focused solely on a pediatric population (age <18). Rates of recurrence vary with the technique of varicocele repair from 0% to 35%. Anatomy of recurrence can be defined by venography. Management of varicocele recurrence can be surgical or via embolization.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Asian journal of andrology"}}},"pageStart":"229","pageEnd":"33","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.4103/1008-682X.171578","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28077389"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4103/1008-682X.171578"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26806078"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28077389"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/changes-in-macronutrient-micronutrient-and-food-group-intakes-throughout-the-menstrual-cycle-in-healthy-premenopausal-women-recjoguctqyebksza/","name":"Changes in macronutrient, micronutrient, and food group intakes throughout the menstrual cycle in healthy, premenopausal women","headline":"Changes in macronutrient, micronutrient, and food group intakes throughout the menstrual cycle in healthy, premenopausal women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/changes-in-macronutrient-micronutrient-and-food-group-intakes-throughout-the-menstrual-cycle-in-healthy-premenopausal-women-recjoguctqyebksza/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna M. Gorczyca","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9689-7646","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Indiana University Bloomington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02k40bc56"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emily M Mitchell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4469-1117","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neil J Perkins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6802-4733","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindsey A Sjaarda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0539-8110","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Wactawski-Wende","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3096-9595","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}}],"datePublished":"2016-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European Journal of Nutrition"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-015-0931-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40869028"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00394-015-0931-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40869028"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/occupational-educational-and-residential-factors-are-associated-with-the-outcome-br4qvdxj/","name":"[Occupational, educational and residential factors are associated with the outcomes of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer]","headline":"[Occupational, educational and residential factors are associated with the outcomes of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer]","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/occupational-educational-and-residential-factors-are-associated-with-the-outcome-br4qvdxj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hua R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Younseong Song","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2495-7846"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bingbing Wu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0250-104X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059cjpv64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ni H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiaobo Yang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5562-4134","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangxi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02c9qn167"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ying Guo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2629-4145","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wadsworth Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/050kf9c55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hatherley Li"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Quan S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yong Yu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7361-9371","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hubei University of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dr2b756"}}],"datePublished":"2016-01-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To investigate the associations of occupational, educational and residential factors with the outcomes of in vitro fertilization -embryo transfer (IVF-ET).\n\nMETHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted among 3998 patients undergoing the first treatment with IVF-ET and 3064 perinatal infants in our center between January, 2010 and June, 2014. The relation of the patients' occupation, educational background, and residence registry with IVF-ET outcomes was analyzed.\n\nRESULTS: The risk of abortion in the first trimester was significantly higher in female patients engaged in agriculture (OR=4.319, P=0.047). Occupation and educational background of the patients and their spouse were related with the incidence of ectopic pregnancy following IVF-ET. The total incidence rate of perinatal birth defects was 2.1% in this cohort, and was the highest in Shenzhen (5.5%) but this difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05).\n\nCONCLUSION: The patients' occupation and educational background are related with the outcomes of IVF-ET, suggesting the importance of health education and prenatal examination.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"36","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University"}}},"pageStart":"44","pageEnd":"9","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q95545160","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26806737"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q95545160"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/medical-eligibility-criteria-for-contraceptive-use-5th-edition-recx9hs7quofuyu6w/","name":"Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use (5th edition)","headline":"Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use (5th edition)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/medical-eligibility-criteria-for-contraceptive-use-5th-edition-recx9hs7quofuyu6w/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Monica Dragoman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8979-7081","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"World Health Organization","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01f80g185"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary E. Gaffield","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4614-4314"}],"datePublished":"2016-01-01","pageStart":"202","pageEnd":"15","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26766206","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q26766206"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nevaisingumo-gydymo-ir-pagalbinio-apvaisinimo-taikymo-vertinimas-žmogaus-orumo-a-reczmwmgxnlzdxocp/","name":"THE EVALUATION OF INFERTILITY TREATMENT AND APPLICATION OF ASSISTED REPRODUCTION IN THE ASPECT OF HUMAN DIGNITY","headline":"THE EVALUATION OF INFERTILITY TREATMENT AND APPLICATION OF ASSISTED REPRODUCTION IN THE ASPECT OF HUMAN DIGNITY","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nevaisingumo-gydymo-ir-pagalbinio-apvaisinimo-taikymo-vertinimas-žmogaus-orumo-a-reczmwmgxnlzdxocp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Birutė Obelenienė","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8460-456X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrius Narbekovas","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9482-9458"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aušra Marija Obelenytė"}],"datePublished":"2016-01-01","abstract":"The article raises the issue of today’s application of assisted (artificial) reproduction methods, which are incom-patible with human dignity. The authors articulate the principles of human dignity, which are formulated as an evaluation tool of criteria and them revealing system of indicators in the assessed object. The article compares Naprotechnology as a contemporary holistic method of diagnosis and treatment of infertility, which comprises therapeutic, surgical and fertility awareness method, with methods of assisted reproduction and identifies their medical and ethical differences. The project of the Assisted Reproduction Law of the Republic of Lithuania is evaluated in the aspect of human dignity as well.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"57","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"SOTER: Journal of Religious Science"}},"pageStart":"43","pageEnd":"59","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.7220/2335-8785.57(85).3","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.7220/2335-8785.57(85).3"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2015-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2015-oyw4eouc/","name":"DIR Jahrbuch 2015 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2015)","headline":"DIR Jahrbuch 2015 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2015)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2015-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2015-oyw4eouc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register e.V."}],"datePublished":"2016-01-01","abstract":"Annual report (Jahrbuch) of the Deutsches IVF-Register (DIR) for treatment year 2015. DIR is the German national IVF/ICSI registry, founded 1982 — the oldest continuously operating ART registry. Voluntary professional-society database with high de-facto coverage of German fertility centres. Reports cycles, transfers, pregnancies and clinical outcomes by treatment type (IVF, ICSI, frozen embryo transfer, donor). German-language registry document. Used as a Phase B historical-archive source for the ART Registry Comparison study (cross-registry classification by reporting completeness on 7 framework dimensions).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register Jahrbuch"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pharmaceutical-treatments-to-prevent-recurrence-of-endometriosis-following-surge-xjgfio5s/","name":"Pharmaceutical treatments to prevent recurrence of endometriosis following surgery: a model-based economic evaluation","headline":"Pharmaceutical treatments to prevent recurrence of endometriosis following surgery: a model-based economic evaluation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pharmaceutical-treatments-to-prevent-recurrence-of-endometriosis-following-surge-xjgfio5s/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sanghera S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8387-3103"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Barton P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Siladitya Bhattacharya","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6279-7826","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aberdeen Maternity Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0020hse07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrew Horne","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9656-493X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"John Radcliffe Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0080acb59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roberts TE"}],"datePublished":"2016-01-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: Conduct an economic evaluation based on best currently available evidence comparing alternative treatments levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system, depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate, combined oral contraceptive pill (COCP) and 'no treatment' to prevent recurrence of endometriosis after conservative surgery in primary care, and to inform the design of a planned trial-based economic evaluation. METHODS: We developed a state transition (Markov) model with a 36-month follow-up. The model structure was informed by a pragmatic review and clinical experts. The economic evaluation adopted a UK National Health Service perspective and was based on an outcome of incremental cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY). As available data were limited, intentionally wide distributions were assigned around model inputs, and the average costs and outcome of the probabilistic sensitivity analyses were reported. RESULTS: On average, all strategies were more expensive and generated fewer QALYs compared to no treatment. However, uncertainty attributing to the transition probabilities affected the results. Inputs relating to effectiveness, changes in treatment and the time at which the change is made were the main causes of uncertainty, illustrating areas where robust and specific data collection is required. CONCLUSIONS: There is currently no evidence to support any treatment being recommended to prevent the recurrence of endometriosis following conservative surgery. The study highlights the importance of developing decision models at the outset of a trial to identify data requirements to conduct a robust post-trial analysis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ open"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010580","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010580"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27084280"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-treatment-2014-trends-and-figures-rechbfzqgmksb3hno/","name":"Fertility Treatment 2014: Trends and Figures","headline":"Fertility Treatment 2014: Trends and Figures","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-treatment-2014-trends-and-figures-rechbfzqgmksb3hno/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority"}],"datePublished":"2016-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/epidemiology-of-uterine-myomas-a-review-yrikaqld/","name":"Epidemiology of Uterine Myomas: A Review","headline":"Epidemiology of Uterine Myomas: A Review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/epidemiology-of-uterine-myomas-a-review-yrikaqld/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sparic R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mirkovic L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonio Malvasi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6940-7608","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrea Tinelli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8426-8490","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ospedale Vito Fazzi","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04fvmv716"}}],"datePublished":"2016-01-01","abstract":"Myomas are the most common benign tumors of the genital organs in women of childbearing age, causing significant morbidity and impairing their quality of life. In our investigation, we have reviewed the epidemiological data related to the development of myomas in order to homogenize the current data. Therefore, a MEDLINE and PubMed search, for the years 1990-2013, was conducted using a combination of keywords, such as \"myoma,\" \"leiomyoma,\" \"fibroids,\" \"myomectomy,\" \"lifestyle,\" \"cigarette,\" \"alcohol,\" \"vitamins,\" \"diet,\" and \"hysterectomy\". Randomized controlled studies were selected based upon the authors' estimation. Peer-reviewed articles examining myomas were sorted by their relevance and included in this research. Additional articles were also identified from the references of the retrieved papers and included according to authors' estimation. Many epidemiologic factors are linked to the development of myomas; however, many are not yet fully understood. These factors include age, race, heritage, reproductive factors, sex hormones, obesity, lifestyle (diet, caffeine and alcohol consumption, smoking, physical activity and stress), environmental and other influences, such as hypertension and infection. Some of the epidemiological data is conflicting. Thus, more research is needed to understand all the risk factors that contribute to myoma formation and how they exactly influence their onset and growth.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International journal of fertility & sterility"}}},"pageStart":"424","pageEnd":"35","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.22074/ijfs.2015.4599","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26764887"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.22074/ijfs.2015.4599"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26985330"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q26764887"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evidence-that-the-endometrial-microbiota-has-an-effect-on-implantation-success-o-yw5csbct/","name":"Evidence that the endometrial microbiota has an effect on implantation success or failure","headline":"Evidence that the endometrial microbiota has an effect on implantation success or failure","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evidence-that-the-endometrial-microbiota-has-an-effect-on-implantation-success-o-yw5csbct/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Inmaculada Moreno","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0911-4437","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f54p054"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Codoner FM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Felipe Vilella","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0039-9846","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f54p054"}}],"datePublished":"2016-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2016.09.075","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ajog.2016.09.075"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27717732"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cartr-plus-2016-annual-report-2015-data-canadian-assisted-reproductive-technolog-aq3vwfwp/","name":"CARTR Plus 2016 Annual Report (2015 Data) - Canadian Assisted Reproductive Technologies Register Plus","headline":"CARTR Plus 2016 Annual Report (2015 Data) - Canadian Assisted Reproductive Technologies Register Plus","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cartr-plus-2016-annual-report-2015-data-canadian-assisted-reproductive-technolog-aq3vwfwp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Canadian Fertility and Andrology Society; BORN Ontario"}],"datePublished":"2016-01-01","abstract":"CARTR Plus annual report covering Canadian ART cycle outcomes. Voluntary professional society data submission via CFAS / BORN Ontario.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"CFAS / BORN Ontario"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/thyroid-dysfunction-in-metabolic-syndrome-patients-and-its-relationship-with-com-fdxfj1k6/","name":"Thyroid dysfunction in metabolic syndrome patients and its relationship with components of metabolic syndrome","headline":"Thyroid dysfunction in metabolic syndrome patients and its relationship with components of metabolic syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/thyroid-dysfunction-in-metabolic-syndrome-patients-and-its-relationship-with-com-fdxfj1k6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Khatiwada S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sah SK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kc R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Baral N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lamsal M"}],"datePublished":"2016-01-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: A growing body of evidence suggests that metabolic syndrome is associated with endocrine disorders including thyroid dysfunction. Thyroid dysfunction in metabolic syndrome patients may further add to cardiovascular disease risk thereby increasing mortality. This study was done to assess thyroid function in metabolic syndrome patients and evaluate its relationship with the components of metabolic syndrome.\n\nMETHODS: A cross sectional study was carried out among 169 metabolic syndrome patients at B P Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal. Anthropometric measurements (height, weight, waist circumference) and blood pressure were taken. Fasting blood samples were analysed to measure glucose, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and thyroid hormones (triiodothyronine, thyroxine and thyroid stimulating hormone).\n\nRESULTS: Thyroid dysfunction was seen in 31.9 % (n = 54) metabolic syndrome patients. Subclinical hypothyroidism (26.6 %) was the major thyroid dysfunction followed by overt hypothyroidism (3.5 %) and subclinical hyperthyroidism (1.7 %). Thyroid dysfunction was much common in females (39.7 %, n = 29) than males (26 %, n = 25) but not statistically significant (p = 0.068). The relative risk of having thyroid dysfunction in females was 1.525 (CI: 0.983-2.368) as compared to males. Significant differences (p = 0.001) were observed in waist circumference between patients with and without thyroid dysfunction and HDL cholesterol which had significant negative correlation with thyroid stimulating hormone.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Thyroid dysfunction, particularly subclinical hypothyroidism is common among metabolic syndrome patients, and is associated with some components of metabolic syndrome (waist circumference and HDL cholesterol).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical diabetes and endocrinology"}},"pageStart":"3","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1186/s40842-016-0021-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33801414"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s40842-016-0021-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28702239"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33801414"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/perinatal-risks-associated-with-assisted-reproductive-technology-committee-opini-fg2r3rue/","name":"Perinatal risks associated with assisted reproductive technology: committee opinion no. 671","headline":"Perinatal risks associated with assisted reproductive technology: committee opinion no. 671","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/perinatal-risks-associated-with-assisted-reproductive-technology-committee-opini-fg2r3rue/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists"}],"datePublished":"2016-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0000000000001643","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/AOG.0000000000001643"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27548556"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pathophysiology-of-heavy-menstrual-bleeding-gcqngran/","name":"Pathophysiology of heavy menstrual bleeding","headline":"Pathophysiology of heavy menstrual bleeding","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pathophysiology-of-heavy-menstrual-bleeding-gcqngran/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Dharani K Hapangama","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0270-0150","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Liverpool","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Judith N. Bulmer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0001-1004","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Newcastle University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01kj2bm70"}}],"datePublished":"2016-01-01","abstract":"Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) is a common gynecological complaint with multiple etiologies and diverse pathophysiological origins. This review discusses HMB with reference to the recently proposed PALM-COEIN classification system for abnormal uterine bleeding, initially describing the endometrial events in normal menstruation followed by discussion of the perturbations of normal endometrial shedding that can result in HMB. Our present understanding of the mechanisms of menstrual bleeding as well as many of the pathological aberrations of HMB is incomplete. Further research into the pathophysiology of HMB is urgently needed, as clear knowledge of the mechanisms of this disorder will provide new therapeutic targets to formulate more effective treatments.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Women's health (London, England)"}}},"pageStart":"3","pageEnd":"13","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.2217/whe.15.81","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38676700"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2217/whe.15.81"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26695831"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38676700"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/infertility-in-the-philippines-and-natural-procreative-napro-technology-a-commen-rec5qxu37crqeyi33/","name":"Infertility in The Philippines and Natural Procreative (Napro) Technology: A Commentary","headline":"Infertility in The Philippines and Natural Procreative (Napro) Technology: A Commentary","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/infertility-in-the-philippines-and-natural-procreative-napro-technology-a-commen-rec5qxu37crqeyi33/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Flores R","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5681-5802","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center"}}],"datePublished":"2016-01-01","abstract":"The latest retrievable data about infertility in the Philippines was made available to the public by Merck Serono, a private pharmaceutical company who commissioned the survey in 2011. The survey was conducted by Synovate in 100 participating households in the Philippines, particularly in key cities located in Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao. The survey results revealed that one out of ten Filipino couples are suffering from infertility. And these couples are not seeking treatment due to the following reasons: (1) financial constraints; (2) time constraints; and (3) the patient’s belief. Of all these, financial constraints, at 86%, is the primary reason why infertile couples are not seeking treatment. In addition to this data, the Chief of The Medical City’s Reproductive Medicine, Infertility and Gynecologic Endoscopy, Dr. Marc Anthony Ancheta, further reveals that “some 35 to 40% of a couple’s inablity to conceive a child are due to female factors; while the other 35 to 40% could be attributed to male factors.” While male factor infertility is also deserving of proper attention, it is the female factor infertility that should receive greater attention and focus in terms of treatment. Why? Because, primarily, the female’s reproductive cycle is very complex and would need months and/or years to partially identify the underlying reason/s of infertility; and second, the female’s ability to conceive naturally will fall by 50% when she reached the age of 35. Therefore, there should be urgency in treating female factor infertility in an efficient, ethical and affordable way. And these conditions can be achieved by the use of NaPro Technology.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Scholars Academic Journal of Biosciences"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-principle-of-double-effect-in-ethics-a-review-rec70ckafxq0piky8/","name":"The Principle of Double Effect in Ethics: A Review","headline":"The Principle of Double Effect in Ethics: A Review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-principle-of-double-effect-in-ethics-a-review-rec70ckafxq0piky8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hinman LM"}],"datePublished":"2016-01-01","abstract":"Introduction\n- A pregnant woman is diagnosed with uterine cancer. Is it permissible to operate to remove the cancer, even though doing so will result in the loss of the baby?\n- A dying man is in extreme pain. Is it permissible to administer large doses of morphine to reduce the pain, even though doing so will shorten the amount of time the man has left to live?\n- A country has been attacked by another. Is it morally permissible for the country that has been attacked to respond by, among other things, bombing its attacker’s industrial centers, even though doing so will also bring about the deaths of some civilian workers?\nCases\n- A pregnant woman is diagnosed with uterine cancer. Is it permissible to operate to remove the cancer, even though doing so will result in the loss of the baby? Supporters of the principle of double effect will argue that it is permissible to remove the cancerous uterus (thus also terminating the pregnancy) if this is the only way to stop the spread of the cancer and if the physician does not intend to end the pregnancy, only to remove the cancer. The good effect (removal of the cancer) does not follow from the bad effect (termination of the pregnancy).\n- A dying man is in extreme pain. Is it permissible to administer large doses of morphine to reduce the pain, even though doing so will shorten the amount of time the man has left to live? Again, defenders of the principle of double effect will argue that, since the genuine intent is only to relieve the pain and since there is no other way to accomplish this goal, large doses of pain killers may be permitted even though they will hasten the inevitable end of the patient's life.\n- A country has been attacked by another. Is it morally permissible for the country that has been attacked to respond by, among other things, bombing its attacker’s industrial centers, even though doing so will also bring about the deaths of some civilian workers? The principle of double effect has been a cornerstone of the wartime policy of many countries, including the United States. Indeed, long range strategic bombers (such as the B-52) are essentially weapons for the mass destruction of civilian populations. Both the atomic bombs dropped on Japan were dropped on civilian centers.\nThe Arguments\nThe principle of double effect finds its natural home in deontological, non-consequentialist moral theories, since it turns very specifically on the intention of the moral agent.\nUtilitarianism and other consequentialist doctrines give little or no weight to the agent’s intentions, and as a result the principle of double effect makes little sense within such theories.\nWe will see a similar issue arise when we discuss the difference between killing and letting die, a distinction that is much more meaningful within deontological theories than consequentialist ones.\nTypically, for an act to qualify as morally permissible under the principle of the double effect, a number of conditions must be met:\n- The act must be morally good or at least morally neutral;\n- The agent must intend only the good effect, nor the bad effect;\n- The good effect cannot be the causal result of the bad effect;\n- There must be a proportionately serious reason for permitting the evil effect;\n- There must not be any other, less morally troubling way of accomplishing the good effect.","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-and-the-risk-of-pregnancyrelated-complications--o8wzrket/","name":"Assisted reproductive technology and the risk of pregnancy-related complications and adverse pregnancy outcomes in singleton pregnancies: a meta-analysis of cohort studies","headline":"Assisted reproductive technology and the risk of pregnancy-related complications and adverse pregnancy outcomes in singleton pregnancies: a meta-analysis of cohort studies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-and-the-risk-of-pregnancyrelated-complications--o8wzrket/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Qin J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiyao Liu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2556-6556","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/033vnzz93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sheng X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hongbo Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0162-5371","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Union Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/055gkcy74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gao S"}],"datePublished":"2016-01-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine whether there are any increases in pregnancy-related complications and adverse pregnancy outcomes in singleton pregnancies after assisted reproductive technology (ART) compared with those conceived naturally.\n\nDESIGN: Meta-analysis.\n\nSETTING: University-affiliated teaching hospital.\n\nPATIENT(S): Singleton pregnancies conceived with ART and naturally.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Libraries and Chinese database were searched through March 2015 to identify studies that met pre-stated inclusion criteria. Either a fixed- or a random-effects model was used to calculate the overall combined risk estimates. Subgroup analysis was performed to explore potential heterogeneity moderators.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Pregnancy-related complications and adverse pregnancy outcomes.\n\nRESULT(S): Fifty cohort studies comprising 161,370 ART and 2,280,241 spontaneously conceived singleton pregnancies were identified. The ART singleton pregnancies had a significantly increased risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension (relative risk [RR] 1.30, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04-1.62; I(2) = 79%), gestational diabetes mellitus (RR 1.31, 95% CI 1.13-1.53; I(2) = 6%), placenta previa (RR 3.71, 95% CI 2.67-5.16; I(2) = 72%), placental abruption (RR 1.83, 95% CI 1.49-2.24; I(2) = 22%), antepartum hemorrhage (RR 2.11, 95% CI 1.86-2.38; I(2) = 47%), postpartum hemorrhage (RR 1.29, 95% CI 1.06-1.57; I(2) = 65%), polyhydramnios (RR 1.74, 95% CI 1.24-2.45; I(2) = 0%), oligohydramnios (RR 2.14, 95% CI 1.53-3.01; I(2) = 0%), cesarean sections (RR 1.58, 95% CI 1.48-1.70; I(2) = 92%), preterm birth (RR 1.71, 95% CI 1.59-1.83; I(2)=80%), very preterm birth (RR 2.12, 95% CI 1.73-2.59; I(2) = 90%), low birth weight (RR 1.61, 95% CI 1.49-1.75; I(2) = 80%), very low birth weight (RR 2.12, 95% CI 1.84-2.43; I(2) = 67%), small for gestational age (RR 1.35, 95% CI 1.20-1.52; I(2) = 82%), perinatal mortality (RR 1.64, 95% CI 1.41-1.90; I(2)=45%), and congenital malformation (RR 1.37, 95% CI 1.29-1.45; I(2)=41%). Relevant heterogeneity moderators have been identified by subgroup analysis. Sensitivity analysis yielded consistent results. No evidence of publication bias was observed.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): The ART singleton pregnancies are associated with higher risks of adverse obstetric outcomes. Obstetricians should manage these pregnancies as high risk.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"105","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"73-85.e1-6","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.09.007","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35802306"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.09.007"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26453266"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35802306"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dietary-fat-intake-and-reproductive-hormone-concentrations-and-ovulation-in-regularly-menstruating-women-rectm2iajqozixygy/","name":"Dietary fat intake and reproductive hormone concentrations and ovulation in regularly menstruating women","headline":"Dietary fat intake and reproductive hormone concentrations and ovulation in regularly menstruating women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dietary-fat-intake-and-reproductive-hormone-concentrations-and-ovulation-in-regularly-menstruating-women-rectm2iajqozixygy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jorge E Chavarro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7790-8311","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cuilian Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3721-8586","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Henan Provincial People's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03f72zw41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robyn A Frankel","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Office of Extramural Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05aq6yn88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lynne C Messer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7332-6170","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Portland State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00yn2fy02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kara A Michels","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2431-2079","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neil J Perkins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6802-4733","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Torie Comeaux Plowden","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9086-2947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Z Pollack","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4313-3298","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"George Mason University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rose G Radin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6273-274X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindsey A Sjaarda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0539-8110","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Wactawski-Wende","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3096-9595","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shvetha M Zarek","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2178-6623","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}}],"datePublished":"2016-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.115.119321","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36606680"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3945/ajcn.115.119321"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36606680"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nurse-midwifery-and-naprotechnology-healthcare-women-really-need-recticxxtognbxjz8/","name":"Nurse-Midwifery and NaProTECHNOLOGY: Healthcare women really need","headline":"Nurse-Midwifery and NaProTECHNOLOGY: Healthcare women really need","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nurse-midwifery-and-naprotechnology-healthcare-women-really-need-recticxxtognbxjz8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lau Ying"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Renee Mirkes","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontifical John Paul II Institute for Studies on Marriage and Family","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xphj289"}}],"datePublished":"2016-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"05","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"04","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Womens Health Care"}}},"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/international-committee-for-monitoring-assisted-reproductive-technologies-world--esjze5l5/","name":"International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technologies world report: Assisted Reproductive Technology 2008, 2009 and 2010","headline":"International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technologies world report: Assisted Reproductive Technology 2008, 2009 and 2010","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/international-committee-for-monitoring-assisted-reproductive-technologies-world--esjze5l5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Silke Dyer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6196-8187","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Groote Schuur Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00c879s84"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chambers GM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacques de Mouzon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9465-3488","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nygren KG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fernando Zegers-Hochschild","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6234-6179","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Clínica Las Condes","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j5bwe91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Mansour","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0758-3387","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Egyptian IVF-ET Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035aahr55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ishihara O"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Banker M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G David Adamson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5387-7629","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Endometriosis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01q5m4507"}}],"datePublished":"2016 Jul","abstract":"20. International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technologies world report: Assisted Reproductive Technology 2008, 2009 and 2010. Dyer S(1), Chambers GM(2), de Mouzon J(3), Nygren KG(4), Zegers-Hochschild F(5), Mansour R(6), Ishihara O(7), Banker M(8), Adamson GD(9). (1)Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Groote Schuur Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa silke.dyer@uct.ac.za. (2)National Perinatal Epidemiology and Statistics Unit, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. (3)Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Service de Gynécologie Obstétrique II et de Médecine de la Reproduction, Groupe Hospitalier Cochin-Saint Vincet de Paul, Paris, France. (4)Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. (5)Clinica las Condes and Program of Ethics and Public Policies in Human Reproduction, University Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile. (6)Egyptian IVF-ET Center, Cairo, Egypt. (7)Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Saitama Medical University, Moroyama, Japan. (8)Nova IVI Fertility, Chennai, India. (9)Palo Alto Medical Foundation Fertility Physicians of North California, San Jose, CA, USA. Comment in Hum Reprod. 2016 Jul;31(7):1381-2. doi: 10.1093/humrep/dew092. STUDY QUESTION: What were utilization, outcomes and practices in assisted reproductive technology (ART) globally in 2008, 2009 and 2010? SUMMARY ANSWER: Global utilization and effectiveness remained relatively constant despite marked variations among countries, while the rate of single and frozen embryo transfers (FETs) increased with a concomitant slight reduction in multiple birth rates. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: ART is widely practised in all regions of the world. Monitoring utilization, an approximation of availability and access, as well as effectiveness and safety is an important component of universal access to reproductive health. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: This is a retrospective, cross-sectional survey on utilization, effectiveness and safety of ART procedures performed globally from 2008 to 2010. PARTICIPANTS, SETTING, METHODS: Between 58 and 61 countries submitted data from a total of nearly 2500 ART clinics each year. Aggregate country data were processed and analyzed based on forms and methods developed by the International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ICMART). Results are presented at country, regional and global level. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: For the years 2008, 2009 and 2010, >4 461 309 ART cycles were initiated, resulting in an estimated 1 144 858 babies born. The number of aspirations increased by 6.4% between 2008 and 2010, while FET cycles increased by 27.6%. Globally, ART utilization remained relatively constant at 436 cycles/million in 2008 and 474 cycles/million population in 2010, but with a wide country range of 8-4775 cycles/million population. ICSI remained constant at around 66% of non-donor aspiration cycles. The IVF/ICSI combined delivery rate (DR) per fresh aspiration was 19.8% in 2008; 19.7% in 2009 and 20.0% in 2010, with corresponding DRs for FET of 18.8, 19.7 and 20.7%. In fresh non-donor cycles, single embryo transfer increased from 25.7% in 2008 to 30.0% in 2010, while the average number of embryos transferred fell from 2.1 to 1.9, again with wide regional variation. The rates of twin deliveries following fresh non-donor transfers were, in 2008, 2009 and 2010, 21.8, 20.5 and 20.4%, respectively, with a corresponding triplet rate of 1.3, 1.0 and 1.1%. Fresh IVF and ICSI carried a perinatal mortality rate per 1000 births of 22.8 (2008), 19.2 (2009) and 21.0 (2010), compared with 15.1, 12.8 and 14.6/1000 births following FET in the same periods of observation. The proportion of women aged 40 years or older undergoing non-donor ART increased from 20.8 to 23.2% from 2008 to 2010. LIMITATIONS, REASON FOR CAUTION: The data presented are reliant on the quality and completeness of data submitted by individual countries. This report covers approximately two-thirds of the world ART activity. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF FINDINGS: The ICMART World Reports provide the most comprehensive global statistical census and review of ART utilization, effectiveness, safety and quality. While ART treatment continues to increase globally, the wide disparities in access to treatment and embryo transfer practices warrant attention by clinicians and policy makers. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS: The authors declare no conflict of interest and no specific support from any organizations in relation to this manuscript. ICMART acknowledges financial support from the following organizations: American Society for Reproductive Medicine; European Society for Human Reproduction and Embryology; Fertility Society of Australia; Japan Society for Reproductive Medicine; Japan Society of Fertilization and Implantation; Red Latinoamericana de Reproduccion Asistida; Society for Assisted Re","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dew082","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38840243"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/dew082"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27207175"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38840243"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-of-hiv-infection-in-depot-medroxyprogesterone-acetate-dmpa-users-a-systemat-recjymwkabgh0doia/","name":"Risk of HIV Infection in Depot-Medroxyprogesterone Acetate (DMPA) Users: A  Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","headline":"Risk of HIV Infection in Depot-Medroxyprogesterone Acetate (DMPA) Users: A  Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-of-hiv-infection-in-depot-medroxyprogesterone-acetate-dmpa-users-a-systemat-recjymwkabgh0doia/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Condly SJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mosher SW"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Morse AR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kimball J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joel Brind","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6079-002X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Prevention Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02xdygm42"}}],"datePublished":"2015-12-30","abstract":"Objective: As the HIV/AIDS epidemic continues to spread in Africa and Asia, use of the injectable contraceptive steroid DMPA is widespread and has been increasing. Since studies dating back to 1992 have suggested that DMPA may increase the transmission of HIV to women, we endeavored to determine if the extant epidemiological and biological evidence is sufficient to conclude that DMPA use constitutes a definite hazard to women's health.\n\nMethods: We searched Medline using the search terms: contraceptives or contraception AND HIV and searched bibliographies of articles thus identified. We included in the meta-analysis all studies examining the association between use of DMPA (or injectable contraceptives comprising mostly DMPA) and the presence (cross-sectional studies, n = 8) or acquisition (longitudinal studies, n = 16) of HIV+ status in women, using a random effects models to estimate odds ratios (ORs; cross-sectional studies) and hazard ratios (HRs; longitudinal studies). Studies were excluded if the comparison group included women using any form of steroidal contraception.\n\nResults: Statistically significant positive associations between DMPA use and HIV positivity were observed both in cross-sectional (OR = 1.41, 95% CI 1.15 - 1.73) and longitudinal studies (HR = 1.49, 95% CI 1.28 - 1.73). The biological plausibility of increased vulnerability to HIV infection due to progestational action (via thinning of the vaginal epithelial barrier and immunosuppression) as well as glucocorticoid agonistic immunosuppression, are discussed.\n\nConclusion: The epidemiological and biological evidence now make a compelling case that DMPA adds significantly to the risk of male-to-female HIV transmission.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"30","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Issues in Law & Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"129","pageEnd":"139","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-use-of-isomolecular-progesterone-in-the-support-of-pregnancy-and-fetal-safet-rec9gz3n4iplw6vym/","name":"The Use of Isomolecular Progesterone in the Support of Pregnancy and Fetal Safety","headline":"The Use of Isomolecular Progesterone in the Support of Pregnancy and Fetal Safety","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-use-of-isomolecular-progesterone-in-the-support-of-pregnancy-and-fetal-safet-rec9gz3n4iplw6vym/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Pakiz KA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Catherine E Keefe","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Human Reproduction","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05avmsq62"}}],"datePublished":"2015-12-30","abstract":"Progesterone support in pregnancy has been in use for over 60 years, having received its start in the 1940s. Its initial use was in patients who had habitual spontaneous abortion caused by luteal phase deficiency. More recently, the administration of progesterone later in pregnancy has been considered to be justified because of an observed decrease in circulating progesterone with the onset of labor, an association of premature labor with decreased progesterone concentrations, and the observation that progesterone has a tocolytic effect. A considerable boost to the use of progestational agents to reduce preterm delivery was received with the publication of two papers which showed a significant reduction in preterm delivery rates with the prophylactic administration of either progesterone or 17-a hydroxyprogesterone caproate. Recently it has been shown, however, that its use is not universal. This may be related to the significant late sequelae that were documented following the in utero exposure of the fetus to the potent steroid diethylstilbestrol (DES) and that this bad experience cast “a long shadow,” In spite of this, the use of progesterone, at least in early pregnancy, is widespread in the various artificial reproductive programs and is growing in its use as an agent to reduce prematurity. Over the years, there has been an extraordinary amount of confusion related to the use of progesterone support in pregnancy. The Food & Drug Administration (FDA) created some of this confusion. In various labeling of progesterone products by the FDA, one of the contraindications to the use of oral progesterone is listed as “known or suspected pregnancy.” And, yet, no such contraindication is identified for the use of progesterone gel. In fact, progesterone gel is indicated for progesterone supplementation or replacement as a part of an assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatment program for infertile women with a progesterone deficiency. To make this even more confusing, oral progesterone, while it was contraindicated in “known or suspected pregnancy,” its official labeling stated that it “should be used during pregnancy only if indicated (see contraindications).” Also, up until very recently, there was a dire “warning” contained in the labeling for USP progesterone injection in sesame seed oil regarding an increased possibility of birth defects. An analysis of the fetal safety of isomolecular progesterone (Pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione) administration during the course of 1,310 pregnancies over a 35-year period of time (1979-2014) was undertaken to address this confusion.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"30","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Issues in Law & Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"159","pageEnd":"168","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/myo-inositol-may-prevent-gestational-diabetes-onset-in-overweight-women-a-random-recf4fpklq4ro4ydl/","name":"Myo-inositol may prevent gestational diabetes onset in overweight women: a  randomized, controlled trial","headline":"Myo-inositol may prevent gestational diabetes onset in overweight women: a  randomized, controlled trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/myo-inositol-may-prevent-gestational-diabetes-onset-in-overweight-women-a-random-recf4fpklq4ro4ydl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Angelo Santamaria","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0069-7445","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonino DI Benedetto","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4093-5655","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elisabetta Petrella","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8306-8005","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Basilio Pintaudi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5657-5183","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Francesco Corrado","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7461-5372","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Isabella Neri","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4019-7373","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fabio Facchinetti","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4694-9564","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rosario D'Anna","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4655-5071","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Messina, Italy.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}}],"datePublished":"2015-12-25","abstract":"Objective: To evaluate whether myo-inositol supplementation may reduce gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) rate in overweight women.\n\nMethods: In an open-label, randomized trial, myo-inositol (2 g plus 200 μg folic acid twice a day) or placebo (200 μg folic acid twice a day) was administered from the first trimester to delivery in pregnant overweight non-obese women (pre-pregnancy body mass index ≥ 25 and < 30 kg/m(2)). The primary outcome was the incidence of GDM.\n\nResults: From January 2012 to December 2014, 220 pregnant women were randomized at two Italian University hospitals, 110 to myo-inositol and 110 to placebo. The incidence of GDM was significantly lower in the myo-inositol group compared to the placebo group (11.6% versus 27.4%, respectively, p = 0.004). Myo-inositol treatment was associated with a 67% risk reduction of developing GDM (OR 0.33; 95% CI 0.15-0.70).\n\nConclusions: Myo-inositol supplementation, administered since early pregnancy, reduces GDM incidence in overweight non-obese women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"29","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Maternal-fetal & Neonatal Medicine : the Official Journal of the  European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania  Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians"}}},"pageStart":"3234","pageEnd":"3237","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3109/14767058.2015.1121478","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47932349"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3109/14767058.2015.1121478"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26698911"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47932349"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dietary-patterns-in-men-and-women-are-simultaneously-determinants-of-altered-glu-reciyzesyar72jkrh/","name":"Dietary patterns in men and women are simultaneously determinants of altered glucose metabolism and bone metabolism","headline":"Dietary patterns in men and women are simultaneously determinants of altered glucose metabolism and bone metabolism","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dietary-patterns-in-men-and-women-are-simultaneously-determinants-of-altered-glu-reciyzesyar72jkrh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa Langsetmo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2245-1657","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kaberi Dasgupta","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2447-3553","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University, Montreal, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudie Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5499-2661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher S Kovacs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5219-9993","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John’s, NL, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04haebc03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Hanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Shawn Davison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8123-7680","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nancy Kreiger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan I Barr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8701-7152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1406-4251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert G Josse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-6264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Suzanne N Morin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4317-492X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}}],"datePublished":"2015-12-23","abstract":"We hypothesized that diet would have direct effects on glucose metabolism with direct and indirect effects on bone metabolism in a cohort of Canadian adults. We assessed dietary patterns (Prudent [fruit, vegetables, whole grains, fish, and legumes] and Western [soft drinks, potato chips, French fries, meats, and desserts]) from a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. We used fasting blood samples to measure glucose, insulin, homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), parathyroid hormone, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (a bone formation marker), and serum C-terminal telopeptide (CTX; a bone resorption marker). We used multivariate regression models adjusted for confounders and including/excluding body mass index. In a secondary analysis, we examined relationships through structural equations models. The Prudent diet was associated with favorable effects on glucose metabolism (lower insulin and HOMA-IR) and bone metabolism (lower CTX in women; higher 25OHD and lower parathyroid hormone in men). The Western diet was associated with deleterious effects on glucose metabolism (higher glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR) and bone metabolism (higher bone-specific alkaline phosphatase and lower 25OHD in women; higher CTX in men). Body mass index adjustment moved point estimates toward the null, indicating partial mediation. The structural equation model confirmed the hypothesized linkage with strong effects of Prudent and Western diet on metabolic risk, and both direct and indirect effects of a Prudent diet on bone turnover. In summary, a Prudent diet was associated with lower metabolic risk with both primary and mediated effects on bone turnover, suggesting that it is a potential target for reducing fracture risk.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"36","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nutr Res"}}},"pageStart":"328","pageEnd":"336","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2015.12.010","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50687322"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.nutres.2015.12.010"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27001278"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50687322"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/livebirth-rate-associated-with-repeat-in-vitro-fertilization-treatment-cycles-rpeh9knj/","name":"Live-Birth Rate Associated With Repeat In Vitro Fertilization Treatment Cycles","headline":"Live-Birth Rate Associated With Repeat In Vitro Fertilization Treatment Cycles","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/livebirth-rate-associated-with-repeat-in-vitro-fertilization-treatment-cycles-rpeh9knj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Smith ADAC","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5452-9901"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tilling K","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1010-8926"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nelson SM","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9099-3047"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Debbie A. Lawlor","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6793-2262","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bristol","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0524sp257"}}],"datePublished":"2015-12-22","abstract":"Comment in BMJ. 2015 Dec 23;351:h6913. doi: 10.1136/bmj.h6913. JAMA. 2015 Dec 22-29;314(24):2627-9. doi: 10.1001/jama.2015.17297.\n IMPORTANCE: The likelihood of achieving a live birth with repeat in vitro fertilization (IVF) is unclear, yet treatment is commonly limited to 3 or 4 embryo transfers. OBJECTIVE: To determine the live-birth rate per initiated ovarian stimulation IVF cycle and with repeated cycles. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Prospective study of 156,947 UK women who received 257,398 IVF ovarian stimulation cycles between 2003 and 2010 and were followed up until June 2012. EXPOSURES: In vitro fertilization, with a cycle defined as an episode of ovarian stimulation and all subsequent separate fresh and frozen embryo transfers. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Live-birth rate per IVF cycle and the cumulative live-birth rates across all cycles in all women and by age and treatment type. Optimal, prognosis-adjusted, and conservative cumulative live-birth rates were estimated, reflecting 0%, 30%, and 100%, respectively, of women who discontinued due to poor prognosis and having a live-birth rate of 0 had they continued. RESULTS: Among the 156,947 women, the median age at start of treatment was 35 years (interquartile range, 32-38; range, 18-55), and the median duration of infertility for all 257,398 cycles was 4 years (interquartile range, 2-6; range, <1-29). In all women, the live-birth rate for the first cycle was 29.5% (95% CI, 29.3%-29.7%). This remained above 20% up to and including the fourth cycle. The cumulative prognosis-adjusted live-birth rate across all cycles continued to increase up to the ninth cycle, with 65.3% (95% CI, 64.8%-65.8%) of women achieving a live birth by the sixth cycle. In women younger than 40 years using their own oocytes, the live-birth rate for the first cycle was 32.3% (95% CI, 32.0%-32.5%) and remained above 20% up to and including the fourth cycle. Six cycles achieved a cumulative prognosis-adjusted live-birth rate of 68.4% (95% CI, 67.8%-68.9%). For women aged 40 to 42 years, the live-birth rate for the first cycle was 12.3% (95% CI, 11.8%-12.8%), with 6 cycles achieving a cumulative prognosis-adjusted live-birth rate of 31.5% (95% CI, 29.7%-33.3%). For women older than 42 years, all rates within each cycle were less than 4%. No age differential was observed among women using donor oocytes. Rates were lower for women with untreated male partner-related infertility compared with those with any other cause, but treatment with either intracytoplasmic sperm injection or sperm donation removed this difference. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Among women in the United Kingdom undergoing IVF, the cumulative prognosis-adjusted live-birth rate after 6 cycles was 65.3%, with variations by age and treatment type. These findings support the efficacy of extending the number of IVF cycles beyond 3 or 4.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2015.17296","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37069534"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jama.2015.17296"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26717030"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37069534"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/monitoring-of-ovarian-activity-by-measurement-of-urinary-excretion-rates-using-t-recq01i87il21ngfc/","name":"Monitoring of ovarian activity by measurement of urinary excretion rates using  the Ovarian Monitor, Part IV: the relationship of the pregnanediol glucuronide  threshold to basal body temperature and cervical mucus as markers for the  beginning of the post-ovulatory infertile period","headline":"Monitoring of ovarian activity by measurement of urinary excretion rates using  the Ovarian Monitor, Part IV: the relationship of the pregnanediol glucuronide  threshold to basal body temperature and cervical mucus as markers for the  beginning of the post-ovulatory infertile period","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/monitoring-of-ovarian-activity-by-measurement-of-urinary-excretion-rates-using-t-recq01i87il21ngfc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mario Festin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4140-5859","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"World Health Organization","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01f80g185"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"María Elena Alliende","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad de Los Andes, Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03v0qd864"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leonard F Blackwell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massey University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052czxv31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Simon Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7581-4998","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"James Cook University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gsp2c11"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Delwyn G Cooke","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0770-3417","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Palmerston North Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ctbbh52"}}],"datePublished":"2015-12-19","abstract":"STUDY Question: Do the basal body temperature (BBT) shift and the cervical mucus markers for the beginning of the post-ovulatory infertile phase (POIP) of a menstrual cycle agree with the corresponding urinary pregnanediol glucuronide (PdG) threshold value?\n\nSUMMARY ANSWER: Perfect agreement between the cervical mucus markers and BBT shift and the hormonal definition of the start of post-ovulatory infertility occurred for only 7-17% of the cycles.\n\nWHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: The PdG threshold of 7.0 µmol/24 h is an objective and accurate marker for the beginning of the POIP. The rise in serum progesterone also produces the BBT shift and changes in cervical mucus which determine the mucus peak. Serum progesterone and urinary PdG are closely correlated when variations in urine volume are taken into account.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: Individual menstrual cycle profiles of urinary PdG excretion rates for 91 fertile cycles from normally cycling women were analysed to identify the day of the beginning of the POIP. These days were compared with those determined by the day of the BBT shift +2 days, the day of the mucus peak +4 days and the later of these two indicators. The study lasted 3 years.\n\nPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, Methods: A total of 62 women with normal menstrual cycles were recruited from three centres: Palmerston North, New Zealand; Sydney, Australia and Santiago, Chile. The cycles were displayed individually in a proprietary database program which recorded the PdG excretion rates, the BBT shift day and the cervical mucus peak day. A group of 15 women from a separate Chilean study had PdG urinary data measured as well as their day of ovulation determined by ultrasound.\n\nMAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: The BBT and cervical mucus markers differed significantly in their identification of the beginning of the POIP when compared with the PdG excretion rate of 7.0 µmol/24 h. The observation that the BBT shift day and the mucus peak day could be identified even though the PdG excretion rates were still at baseline levels in some cycles could lead to an unexpected pregnancy for women using these natural family planning (NFP) indicators.\n\nLIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: The study consisted only of fertile cycles from women with regular cycles of 20-40 days duration. All the women were intending to avoid a pregnancy during the study, thus the limits of the fertile window were not tested.\n\nWIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE Findings: The NFP signals occurring earlier than the PdG threshold day could lead to an unexpected pregnancy. The signals occurring on the same day or later than the PdG threshold would not lead to unexpected pregnancies, but would require extra abstinence that could lead to non-compliance with the NFP method. A possible improvement in reliability of NFP methods is suggested.\n\nSTUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS: This study (project #90905) was funded by the NDP/UNFPA/UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction (HRP). D.G.C. currently works for a diagnostic development company, Science Haven Ltd. The other authors have nothing to declare.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"31","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"445","pageEnd":"453","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dev303","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q86928082"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/dev303"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26677961"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q86928082"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-exogenous-hormones-and-the-risk-of-breast-cancer-results-from-self-report-rec0zcmewctl760ix/","name":"Use of exogenous hormones and the risk of breast cancer: results from  self-reported survey data with validity assessment","headline":"Use of exogenous hormones and the risk of breast cancer: results from  self-reported survey data with validity assessment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-exogenous-hormones-and-the-risk-of-breast-cancer-results-from-self-report-rec0zcmewctl760ix/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Tytti Sarkeala","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0294-8757","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Finnish Cancer Registry","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j15sg62"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eero Pukkala","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9536-6440","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Finnish Cancer Registry, Institute for Statistical and Epidemiological Cancer Research, Unioninkatu 22, 00130, Helsinki, Finland."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Janne Pitkäniemi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9879-6673","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Finnish Cancer Registry","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j15sg62"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sanna Heikkinen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9995-5605","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Finnish Cancer Registry","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j15sg62"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Markku Koskenvuo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Helsinki","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040af2s02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nea Malila","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tampere University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/033003e23"}}],"datePublished":"2015-12-17","abstract":"Purpose: Main aim was to estimate the association between use of exogenous hormones and breast cancer (BC) risk in a large population-based survey, and to assess the representativeness and overall validity of the data.\n\nMethods: The survey 'Women's Health and Use of Hormones' was conducted in Finland in 2009, including 7,000 BC cases and 20,000 matched population controls. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios and their 95 % confidence interval. For validation, exposure prevalences were compared with population data from Statistics Finland and two large population-based surveys.\n\nResults: We found positive associations with BC risk and exclusive use of hormone-releasing intrauterine device (HR IUD) in postmenopausal women (1.48, 95 % CI 1.10-1.99), when compared to never-users of any hormonal contraceptive and considering only prediagnostic use in cases. Regarding use of other hormonal contraceptives (HC), a positive association between long HC use (≥2 years) and BC was observed in both groups, OR being 1.37 (95 % CI 1.12-1.68) for premenopausal and 1.11 (95 % CI 1.03-1.20) for postmenopausal women, when compared to never-users of other HC.\n\nConclusions: Observed association between HR IUD use and risk of BC in postmenopausal women is worrying and deserves further attention. Selection bias seemed not to explain this result. Considering the increasing popularity of HR IUD use in, e.g., USA, impact of possible adverse effects in public health could be significant.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"27","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cancer Causes & Control : CCC"}}},"pageStart":"249","pageEnd":"258","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-015-0702-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31032088"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s10552-015-0702-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26667320"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q31032088"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/epigenetic-effects-of-casein-derived-opioid-peptides-in-sh-sy5y-human-neuroblast-recf2jdeq5xnvh639/","name":"Epigenetic effects of casein-derived opioid peptides in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells","headline":"Epigenetic effects of casein-derived opioid peptides in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/epigenetic-effects-of-casein-derived-opioid-peptides-in-sh-sy5y-human-neuroblast-recf2jdeq5xnvh639/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Malav Trivedi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2849-1302","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nova Southeastern University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042bbge36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nathaniel Hodgson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8299-3963","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephen J Walker","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0732-2366","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Forest Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04fves619"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Geert Trooskens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7354-7259","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ghent University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cv9y106"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard C Deth","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7717-7037","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nova Southeastern University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042bbge36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vineeth Nair","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4099-5327","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nova Southeastern University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042bbge36"}}],"datePublished":"2015-12-15","abstract":"Background: Casein-free, gluten-free diets have been reported to mitigate some of the inflammatory gastrointestinal\nand behavioral traits associated with autism, but the mechanism for this palliative effect has not been elucidated. We\nrecently showed that the opioid peptide beta-casomorphin-7, derived from bovine (bBCM7) milk, decreases cysteine\nuptake, lowers levels of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) and decreases the methyl donor S-adenosylmethionine\n(SAM) in both Caco-2 human GI epithelial cells and SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. While human breast milk\ncan also release a similar peptide (hBCM-7), the bBCM7 and hBCM-7 vary greatly in potency; as the bBCM-7 is highly\npotent and similar to morphine in it's effects. Since SAM is required for DNA methylation, we wanted to further\ninvestigate the epigenetic effects of these food-derived opioid peptides. In the current study the main objective was\nto characterize functional pathways and key genes responding to DNA methylation effects of food-derived opioid\npeptides.\n\nMethods: SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells were treated with 1 μM hBCM7 and bBCM7 and RNA and DNA were isolated\nafter 4 h with or without treatment. Transcriptional changes were assessed using a microarray approach and CpG\nmethylation status was analyzed at 450,000 CpG sites. Functional implications from both endpoints were evaluated via\nIngenuity Pathway Analysis 4.0 and KEGG pathway analysis was performed to identify biological interactions between\ntranscripts that were significantly altered at DNA methylation or transcriptional levels (p < 0.05, FDR <0.1).\n\nResults: Here we show that hBCM7 and bBCM7, as well as morphine, cause epigenetic changes affecting gene\npathways related to gastrointestinal disease and inflammation. These epigenetic consequences exhibited the same\npotency order as opiate inhibition of cysteine uptake insofar as hBCM7 was less potent than bBCM7, which was less\npotent than morphine.\n\nConclusion: Our findings indicate that epigenetic effects of milk-derived opiate peptides may contribute to GI\ndysfunction and inflammation in sensitive individuals. While the current study was performed using SH-SY5Y\nneuronal cellular models, similar actions on other cells types might combine to cause symptoms of intolerance. These\nactions may provide a potential contributing mechanism for the beneficial effects of a casein-free diet in alleviating\ngastrointestinal symptoms in neurological conditions including autism and other conditions. Lastly, our study also\ncontributes to the evolving awareness of a “gut-brain connection”.\nKeywords: Epigenetics, Gluten free casein free diet, Autism, Glutathione, Gastrointestinal, Inflammation","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nutrition & Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"54","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-015-0050-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36357898"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s12986-015-0050-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26664459"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36357898"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluating-endocrine-disruption-activity-of-deposits-on-firefighting-gear-using--recl1koxuo6nfi2dj/","name":"Evaluating Endocrine Disruption Activity of Deposits on Firefighting Gear Using a  Sensitive and High Throughput Screening Method","headline":"Evaluating Endocrine Disruption Activity of Deposits on Firefighting Gear Using a  Sensitive and High Throughput Screening Method","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluating-endocrine-disruption-activity-of-deposits-on-firefighting-gear-using--recl1koxuo6nfi2dj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Barbara M. Alexander","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1742-403X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baxter (United States)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02d6ew870"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yuet-Kin Leung","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4306-0834","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baxter (France)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01mgtdr23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leung YK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Barbara Alexander","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4765-8036"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Stuart Baxter","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baxter (United States)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02d6ew870"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Max Stevenson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8872-1732","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baxter (France)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01mgtdr23"}}],"datePublished":"2015-12-08","abstract":"Objective: Adverse health outcomes related to exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals, including increased incidences of coronary heart disease, prostate and testicular cancers, and congenital disabilities, have been reported in firefighters or their offspring. We, therefore, measured the estrogenic and antiestrogenic activity of extracts of used firefighter gear to assess exposure to these agents.\n\nMethods: Extracts and known chemical contaminants were examined for estrogenicity and antiestrogenicity in yeast cells expressing the estrogen receptor.\n\nResults: Most extracts of used gear and phthalate diesters detectable on this gear displayed strong antiestrogenic effects. Notably, new glove and hood extracts showed significant estrogenic activity.\n\nConclusions: Overall, our data suggest that firefighters are exposed to both estrogenic and antiestrogenic agents, possibly phthalates that may lead to health risks observed in this occupation as a result of perturbation of hormone homeostasis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"57","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"e153-e157","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000000577","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23918098"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/JOM.0000000000000577"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26641839"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q23918098"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cumulative-live-birth-rate-time-for-a-consensus-mexuk2ii/","name":"Cumulative live birth rate: time for a consensus?","headline":"Cumulative live birth rate: time for a consensus?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cumulative-live-birth-rate-time-for-a-consensus-mexuk2ii/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Abha Maheshwari","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7357-8536","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Aberdeen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016476m91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"McLernon D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Siladitya Bhattacharya","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6279-7826","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aberdeen Maternity Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0020hse07"}}],"datePublished":"2015-12-01","abstract":"Traditionally, IVF success rates have been reported in terms of live birth per fresh cycle or embryo transfer. With the increasing use of embryo freezing and thawing it is essential that we report not only outcomes following fresh but also those after frozen embryo transfer as a complete measure of success of an IVF treatment. Most people agree that an individual's chance of having a baby following fresh and frozen embryo transfer should be described as cumulative live birth rate. However, views on the most appropriate parameters required to calculate such an outcome have been inconsistent. There is an additional dimension - time for all frozen embryos to be used up by a couple, which can influence the outcome. Given that cumulative live birth rate is generally perceived to be the preferred reporting system in IVF, it is time to have an international consensus on how this statistic is calculated, reported and interpreted by stakeholders across the world.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dev263","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28085107"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/dev263"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26466912"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28085107"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-of-ginger-for-alleviating-the-symptoms-of-primary-dysmenorrhea-a-system-bijqmsxn/","name":"Efficacy of Ginger for Alleviating the Symptoms of Primary Dysmenorrhea: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials","headline":"Efficacy of Ginger for Alleviating the Symptoms of Primary Dysmenorrhea: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-of-ginger-for-alleviating-the-symptoms-of-primary-dysmenorrhea-a-system-bijqmsxn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Daily JW","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2536-2847"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiqian Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9305-8142","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangdong Province Women and Children Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0493m8x04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kim DS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunjune Park","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1188-3122","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}}],"datePublished":"2015-12-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: There has been no attempt to date to synthesize the available evidence for the efficacy of ginger for treating primary dysmenorrhea. This systematic review evaluates the current evidence for the effectiveness of ginger for treating primary dysmenorrhea.\n\nMETHODS: Literature searches were conducted using 12 electronic databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Korean databases, Chinese medical databases, and Indian scientific database. Search terms used were: \"ginger\" or \"Zingiber officinale\" and \"dysmenorrhea\" and \"pain.\" Studies using ginger as a treatment of primary dysmenorrhea were considered for inclusion. The major outcome of primary dysmenorrhea was assessed using a pain visual analogue score (PVAS).\n\nRESULTS: Initial searches yielded 29 articles. Of these original results, seven met specific selection criteria. Four of the RCTs compared the therapeutic efficacy of ginger with a placebo during the first 3-4 days of the menstrual cycle and were included in the meta analysis. The meta-analysis of these data showed a significant effect of ginger in reducing PVAS in subjects having primary dysmenorrhea (risk ratio, -1.85; 95% CI of -2.87, -0.84, P = 0.0003). Six RCTs out of 7 exhibited low to moderate of risk of bias.\n\nCONCLUSION: Collectively these RCTs provide suggestive evidence for the effectiveness of 750-2000 mg ginger powder during the first 3-4 days of menstrual cycle for primary dysmenorrhea.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.)"}}},"pageStart":"2243","pageEnd":"55","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/pme.12853","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34485224"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/pme.12853"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26177393"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34485224"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-randomized-trial-of-progesterone-in-women-with-recurrent-miscarriages-recfz9day9yhn0yps/","name":"A Randomized Trial of Progesterone in Women with Recurrent Miscarriages","headline":"A Randomized Trial of Progesterone in Women with Recurrent Miscarriages","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-randomized-trial-of-progesterone-in-women-with-recurrent-miscarriages-recfz9day9yhn0yps/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Coomarasamy A, Williams H, Truchanowicz E, Seed PT, Small R, Quenby S, Gupta P, Dawood F, Koot YE, Bender Atik R, Bloemenkamp KW, Brady R, Briley AL, Cavallaro R, Cheong YC, Chu JJ, Eapen A, Ewies A, Hoek A, Kaaijk EM, Koks CA, Li TC, MacLean M, Mol BW, Moore J, Ross JA, Sharpe L, Stewart J, Vaithilingam N, Farquharson RG, Kilby MD, Khalaf Y, Goddijn M, Regan L, Rai R"}],"datePublished":"2015-11-26","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Progesterone is essential for the maintenance of pregnancy. However, whether progesterone supplementation in the first trimester of pregnancy would increase the rate of live births among women with a history of unexplained recurrent miscarriages is uncertain.\n\nMETHODS: We conducted a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial to investigate whether treatment with progesterone would increase the rates of live births and newborn survival among women with unexplained recurrent miscarriage. We randomly assigned women with recurrent miscarriages to receive twice-daily vaginal suppositories containing either 400 mg of micronized progesterone or matched placebo from a time soon after a positive urinary pregnancy test (and no later than 6 weeks of gestation) through 12 weeks of gestation. The primary outcome was live birth after 24 weeks of gestation.\n\nRESULTS: A total of 1568 women were assessed for eligibility, and 836 of these women who conceived naturally within 1 year and remained willing to participate in the trial were randomly assigned to receive either progesterone (404 women) or placebo (432 women). The follow-up rate for the primary outcome was 98.8% (826 of 836 women). In an intention-to-treat analysis, the rate of live births was 65.8% (262 of 398 women) in the progesterone group and 63.3% (271 of 428 women) in the placebo group (relative rate, 1.04; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.94 to 1.15; rate difference, 2.5 percentage points; 95% CI, -4.0 to 9.0). There were no significant between-group differences in the rate of adverse events.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Progesterone therapy in the first trimester of pregnancy did not result in a significantly higher rate of live births among women with a history of unexplained recurrent miscarriages. (Funded by the United Kingdom National Institute of Health Research; PROMISE Current Controlled Trials number, ISRCTN92644181.).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"373","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"2141","pageEnd":"2148","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1504927","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47956835"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJMoa1504927"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26605928"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47956835"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/acog-committee-opinion-no-651-menstruation-in-girls-and-adolescents-using-the-me-recwnkz9cmxxz7f5b/","name":"ACOG Committee Opinion No. 651: Menstruation in Girls and Adolescents: Using the Menstrual Cycle as a Vital Sign","headline":"ACOG Committee Opinion No. 651: Menstruation in Girls and Adolescents: Using the Menstrual Cycle as a Vital Sign","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/acog-committee-opinion-no-651-menstruation-in-girls-and-adolescents-using-the-me-recwnkz9cmxxz7f5b/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"ACOG","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7450-1543","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen"}}],"datePublished":"2015-11-26","abstract":"Despite variations worldwide and within the U.S. population, median age at menarche has remained relatively stable-between 12 years and 13 years-across well-nourished populations in developed countries. Environmental factors, including socioeconomic conditions, nutrition, and access to preventive health care, may influence the timing and progression of puberty. A number of medical conditions can cause abnormal uterine bleeding, characterized by unpredictable timing and variable amount of flow. Clinicians should educate girls and their caretakers (eg, parents or guardians) about what to expect of a first menstrual period and the range for normal cycle length of subsequent menses. Identification of abnormal menstrual patterns in adolescence may improve early identification of potential health concerns for adulthood. It is important for clinicians to have an understanding of the menstrual patterns of adolescent girls, the ability to differentiate between normal and abnormal menstruation, and the skill to know how to evaluate the adolescent girl patient. By including an evaluation of the menstrual cycle as an additional vital sign, clinicians reinforce its importance in assessing overall health status for patients and caretakers.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"126","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"e143-e146","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0000000000001215","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q86767398"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/AOG.0000000000001215"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26595586"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q86767398"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/serum-antioxidants-are-associated-with-serum-reproductive-hormones-and-ovulation-among-healthy-women-reci2mmqjp3rpxp7d/","name":"Serum Antioxidants Are Associated with Serum Reproductive Hormones and Ovulation among Healthy Women","headline":"Serum Antioxidants Are Associated with Serum Reproductive Hormones and Ovulation among Healthy Women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/serum-antioxidants-are-associated-with-serum-reproductive-hormones-and-ovulation-among-healthy-women-reci2mmqjp3rpxp7d/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard W Browne","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7685-1608","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University at Buffalo, State University of New York","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Torie Comeaux Plowden","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9086-2947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neil J Perkins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6802-4733","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rose G Radin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6273-274X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lynne C Messer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7332-6170","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Portland State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00yn2fy02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kara A Michels","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2431-2079","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan Schmelzer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"George Washington University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00y4zzh67"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindsey A Sjaarda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0539-8110","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Wactawski-Wende","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3096-9595","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shvetha M Zarek","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2178-6623","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}}],"datePublished":"2015-11-18","abstract":"Background: Evidence is growing that the equilibrium between reactive oxygen species and antioxidants plays a vital role in women's reproductive health.\n\nObjective: The objective of this study was to evaluate variations in serum antioxidant concentrations across the menstrual cycle and associations between antioxidants and reproductive hormones and anovulation among healthy women.\n\nMethods: The BioCycle Study, a prospective cohort, followed 259 women aged 18-44 y for up to 2 menstrual cycles. Serum fat-soluble vitamin and micronutrient (α-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol, retinol, lutein, lycopene, and β-carotene), ascorbic acid, and reproductive hormone concentrations were measured 5-8 times/cycle. We used weighted linear mixed models to assess associations between antioxidants and hormone concentrations, after adjustment for age, race, body mass index, parity, sleep, pain medication use, total energy intake, concurrent hormones, serum cholesterol, F2-isoprostanes, and other antioxidants. Generalized linear models were used to identify associations with anovulation.\n\nResults: Serum antioxidant concentrations varied across the menstrual cycle. Retinol and α-tocopherol were associated with higher estradiol [RR: 1.00 pg/mL (95% CI: 0.67, 1.34 pg/mL); RR: 0.02 pg/mL (95% CI: 0.003, 0.03 pg/mL), respectively] and testosterone [RR: 0.61 ng/dL (95% CI: 0.44, 0.78 ng/dL); RR: 0.01 ng/dL (95% CI: 0.001, 0.01 ng/dL), respectively]. Ascorbic acid was associated with higher progesterone (RR: 0.15 ng/mL; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.25 ng/mL) and with lower follicle-stimulating hormone (RR: -0.06 mIU/mL; 95% CI: -0.09, -0.03 mIU/mL). The ratio of αto γ-tocopherol was associated with an increased risk of anovulation (RR: 1.03; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.06).\n\nConclusions: These findings shed new light on the intricate associations between serum antioxidants and endogenous hormones in healthy premenopausal women and support the hypothesis that concentrations of serum vitamins affect steroidogenesis even after adjustment for oxidative stress.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"146","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of nutrition"}}},"pageStart":"98","pageEnd":"106","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.115.217620","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36429506"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3945/jn.115.217620"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26581679"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36429506"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-letrozole-hmg-and-clomiphene-hmg-on-incidence-of-luteinized-unrupture-reccykf9t9rkbnd7v/","name":"Effects of Letrozole-HMG and Clomiphene-HMG on Incidence of Luteinized Unruptured  Follicle Syndrome in Infertile Women Undergoing Induction Ovulation and  Intrauterine Insemination: A Randomised Trial","headline":"Effects of Letrozole-HMG and Clomiphene-HMG on Incidence of Luteinized Unruptured  Follicle Syndrome in Infertile Women Undergoing Induction Ovulation and  Intrauterine Insemination: A Randomised Trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-letrozole-hmg-and-clomiphene-hmg-on-incidence-of-luteinized-unrupture-reccykf9t9rkbnd7v/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Pejman Manesh M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Akbari Asbagh F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zeinab Hamzehgardeshi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3073-8914","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02wkcrp04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Firouzeh Akbari Asbagh","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01c4pz451"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Azra Azmoodeh","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Reproduction & Infertility, Mirza-kouchak Khan women Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Azmoodeh@yahoo.com."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Azizeh Ghaseminejad","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01c4pz451"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mansoureh Pejman Manesh","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01c4pz451"}}],"datePublished":"2015-11-18","abstract":"Background: Luteinized unruptured follicle (LUF) syndrome is considered a cause of ovulation failure and a subtle cause of infertility. Preovulatory injection of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) prevents or treats LUF syndrome, but it has also occurred after the induction of ovulation with clomiphene/HMG and HCG. This study was designed for evaluation and comparison of LUF incidence in eligible infertile women undergoing two stimulation protocols (clomiphene + HMG and letrozole + HMG) in addition to intrauterine insemination (IUI). Some related factors were compared between LUF and non-LUF cycles as secondary outcomes.\n\nMethods: The study was designed as a prospective randomized controlled trial. Patients were randomized using a table of random numbers into two equal protocol groups. For group A, (n = 90) clomiphene citrate was administrated orally in doses of 100 mg/day, and group B (n = 90) orally received letrozole 5 mg/day from day 3 to 7 of the menstrual cycle. Then HMG 75IU/day was administered intramuscularly in both groups on day 8 of the menstrual cycle and the dose was adjusted on the basis of ovarian response. The optimum size of preovulatory follicles for the injection of HCG (10,000 IU) was considered 18-23 mm. The number and size of preovulatory follicles were assessed by vaginal ultrasound 12 h before HCG (D0). Endometrial thickness was measured as well. IUI was performed on all patients 38-40 h after HCG. The second ultrasound examination was performed to observe the evidence of oocyte releasing at the time of IUI (D1). If the follicles were unruptured, a third sonography was performed on day 7 after HCG (D7) to observe LUF syndrome.\n\nResults: There was a significant difference between clomiphene-HMG and letrozole-HMG in LUF (p = 0.021) and pregnancy (p = 0.041). The complete LUF in letrozole-HMG was lower than the alternative group and the pregnancy rate was higher. The patients in the non-LUF group had higher midluteal progesterone and a thicker endometrium compared to LUF cycles (p = 0.039) and (p < 0.001). The results of our multivariate logistic regression indicate that size 18-19.9 mm leads to the complete LUF less than ≥22 mm [AOR: 0.25, P = 0.005], and in size 20- 21.9 mm as well [AOR: 0.17, P = 0.002].\n\nConclusion: Letrozole, with lower incidences of LUF, is more effective than clomiphene citrate for the induction of ovulation in IUI cycles. In our study, we illustrated that larger follicles of ≥22 mm diameter were associated with higher incidences of LUF. We recommend that further studies investigate and focus on the relationship between follicular size and/or full hormonal profiles and LUF.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Global Journal of Health Science"}}},"pageStart":"244","pageEnd":"252","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v8n4p244","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36918589"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.5539/gjhs.v8n4p244"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26573024"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36918589"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/obesity-and-reproduction-a-committee-opinion-pmepfq5u/","name":"Obesity and reproduction: a committee opinion","headline":"Obesity and reproduction: a committee opinion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/obesity-and-reproduction-a-committee-opinion-pmepfq5u/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ethics Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine"}],"datePublished":"2015-11-01","abstract":"The purpose of this ASRM Practice Committee report is to provide clinicians with principles and strategies for the evaluation and treatment of couples with infertility associated with obesity. This revised document replaces the Practice Committee document titled, \"Obesity and reproduction: an educational bulletin,\" last published in 2008 (Fertil Steril 2008;90:S21-9).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"104","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1116","pageEnd":"1126","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.08.018","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.08.018"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/marijuana-phytocannabinoids-the-endocannabinoid-system-and-male-fertility-qhfkpmdd/","name":"Marijuana, phytocannabinoids, the endocannabinoid system, and male fertility","headline":"Marijuana, phytocannabinoids, the endocannabinoid system, and male fertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/marijuana-phytocannabinoids-the-endocannabinoid-system-and-male-fertility-qhfkpmdd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"du Plessis SS","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4617-4367"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ashok Agarwal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0900-6383","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cleveland Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xjacd83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Syriac A"}],"datePublished":"2015-11-01","abstract":"Marijuana has the highest consumption rate among all of the illicit drugs used in the USA, and its popularity as both a recreational and medicinal drug is increasing especially among men of reproductive age. Male factor infertility is on the increase, and the exposure to the cannabinoid compounds released by marijuana could be a contributing cause. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is deeply involved in the complex regulation of male reproduction through the endogenous release of endocannabinoids and binding to cannabinoid receptors. Disturbing the delicate balance of the ECS due to marijuana use can negatively impact reproductive potential. Various in vivo and in vitro studies have reported on the empirical role that marijuana plays in disrupting the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis, spermatogenesis, and sperm function such as motility, capacitation, and the acrosome reaction. In this review, we highlight the latest evidence regarding the effect of marijuana use on male fertility and also provide a detailed insight into the ECS and its significance in the male reproductive system.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics"}}},"pageStart":"1575","pageEnd":"88","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-015-0553-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36297181"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s10815-015-0553-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26277482"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36297181"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-association-between-stress-level-in-daily-life-and-age-at-natural-menopause--ctt4leo1/","name":"The Association between Stress Level in Daily Life and Age at Natural Menopause in Korean Women: Outcomes of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2010-2012","headline":"The Association between Stress Level in Daily Life and Age at Natural Menopause in Korean Women: Outcomes of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2010-2012","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-association-between-stress-level-in-daily-life-and-age-at-natural-menopause--ctt4leo1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Choi BO"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lee YJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Choi JH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cho SW"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Im HJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"An JE"}],"datePublished":"2015-11-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Although several risk factors associated with reduced age at natural menopause (ANM) have been investigated, the results are inconsistent. Excessive stress, which leads to elevation of stress hormones, can also negatively affect reproductive ability, including by accelerating menopause. However, a direct association between stress level and ANM has not yet been demonstrated. Therefore, the object of this study was to investigate the association between stress level and ANM in Korean women.\n\nMETHODS: Study participants were Korean women between 40 and 70 years old who were in natural menopause during the 5th Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (n=3,176). The level of stress in daily life was estimated based on data from the mental health topics of the survey. We used the t-test and one-way analysis of variance to analyze the correlation between stress level and ANM. Regression (β) coefficients calculated by multiple regression analysis were used to estimate various factors affecting ANM.\n\nRESULTS: Women who experienced a high level of stress in daily life had a lower mean ANM than women with a low stress level (50.17±3.7 and 50.58±3.5 years, respectively), with a statistically significant correlation (P<0.05). This correlation was still observed after adjusting for age, body mass index, menstrual regularity, and personal income (P<0.05 for variables).\n\nCONCLUSION: In Korean women between 40 and 70 years of age who are in natural menopause, there is a statistically significant correlation between stress level and ANM. In particular, women who experience a high level of stress in daily life have reduced ANM.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"36","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Korean journal of family medicine"}}},"pageStart":"305","pageEnd":"9","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.2015.36.6.305","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36338997"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4082/kjfm.2015.36.6.305"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26634097"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36338997"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/is-anti-mllerian-hormone-associated-with-fecundability-findings-from-the-eager-trial-recnzg6tzztbfzuzt/","name":"Is Anti-Müllerian Hormone Associated With Fecundability? Findings From the EAGeR Trial","headline":"Is Anti-Müllerian Hormone Associated With Fecundability? Findings From the EAGeR Trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/is-anti-mllerian-hormone-associated-with-fecundability-findings-from-the-eager-trial-recnzg6tzztbfzuzt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Shvetha M Zarek","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2178-6623","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindsey A Sjaarda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0539-8110","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert M Silver","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5794-3152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Intermountain Healthcare","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mvr1r74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Noya Galai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8280-9492","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Haifa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02f009v59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alan H DeCherney","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4095-1383","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emily M Mitchell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4469-1117","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mark White","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6014-2380","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Commonwealth Medical College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04bqfk210"}}],"datePublished":"2015-11-01","abstract":"Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate whether anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is associated with fecundability among women with proven fecundity and a history of pregnancy loss.\nDesign: This was a prospective cohort study within a multicenter, block-randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial ( clinicaltrials.gov , number NCT00467363).\nSetting: The study was conducted at four US medical centers (2006-2012).\n\nParticipants: Participating women were aged 18-40 years, with a history of one to two pregnancy losses who were actively attempting pregnancy.\n\nMain Outcome Measures: Time to human chorionic gonadotropin detected and clinical pregnancy were assessed using Cox proportional hazard regression models to estimate fecundability odds ratios (fecundability odds ratios with 95% confidence interval [CI]) adjusted for age, race, body mass index, income, low-dose aspirin treatment, parity, number of previous losses, and time since most recent loss. Analyses examined by preconception AMH levels: low (<1.00 ng/mL, n = 124); normal (referent 1.00-3.5 ng/mL, n = 595); and high (>3.5 ng/mL, n = 483).\n\nResults: Of the 1202 women with baseline AMH levels, 82 women with low AMH (66.1%) achieved an human chorionic gonadotropin detected pregnancy, compared with 383 with normal AMH (65.2%) and 315 with high AMH level (65.2%). Low or high AMH levels relative to normal AMH (referent) were not associated with fecundability (low AMH: fecundability odds ratios 1.13, 95% CI 0.85-1.49; high AMH: FOR 1.04, 95% CI 0.87-1.24).\n\nConclusions: Lower and higher AMH values were not associated with fecundability in unassisted conceptions in a cohort of fecund women with a history of one or two prior losses. Our data do not support routine AMH testing for preconception counseling in young, fecund women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"100","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"4215","pageEnd":"4221","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2015-2474","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28383121"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jc.2015-2474"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26406293"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28383121"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-or-progestin-as-menopausal-ovarian-hormone-therapy-recent-physiolog-recjwz9neizmgwav8/","name":"Progesterone or progestin as menopausal ovarian hormone therapy: recent  physiology-based clinical evidence","headline":"Progesterone or progestin as menopausal ovarian hormone therapy: recent  physiology-based clinical evidence","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-or-progestin-as-menopausal-ovarian-hormone-therapy-recent-physiolog-recjwz9neizmgwav8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2015-10-30","abstract":"PURPOSE OF Review: Provide evidence-based recent data on oral micronized progesterone (OMP) and progestins in menopausal hormonal therapy (MHT). RECENT Findings: Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) increases breast cancer acting through the glucocorticoid receptor; progestins in MHT increase thrombosis more than oral estrogens; MPA, but not OMP or other progestins, increase monocyte cell endothelium adhesion; MPA and estradiol (E2)/MPA have negative brain effects, whereas E2/progesterone (P4) has neuroregenerative brain effects. The 'window of opportunity' cardiovascular disease hypothesis is not supported by a randomized controlled trial showing that transdermal estradiol with sequential OMP in early menopause does not prevent increased carotid intimal media thickness; P4 in the cardiac electrical system opposes E2 effects and prevents sudden death/long QT syndrome; transdermal estradiol/OMP does not increase venous thromboembolism in observational data. P4 decreases breast cell proliferation and improves prognosis through P4 receptor alteration of estrogen receptor α genetic effects; OMP with conjugated equine estrogen (CEE)/estrogen (E)/E2 does not increase breast cancer in two prospective cohorts, one population-based. Endometrial cancer is increased in MHT of CEE/E/E2+cyclic OMP at 200 mg/day.\nSummary: New data show CEE/E/E2+MPA/P mechanisms for negative breast cancer, venous thromboembolism, cardiovascular system, and brain effects. OMP/P4 counterbalances CEE/E/E2-related negative effects on breast cancer and long QT syndrome. OMP effectively treats vasomotor symptoms and sleep disturbances, and could safely be used alone for symptomatic menopause.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Obesity"}}},"pageStart":"495","pageEnd":"501","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/MED.0000000000000205","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38619082"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/MED.0000000000000205"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26512775"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38619082"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/using-pilot-data-to-size-a-two-arm-randomized-trial-to-find-a-nearly-optimal-per-recdxfaqum522g4jp/","name":"Using pilot data to size a two-arm randomized trial to find a nearly optimal personalized treatment strategy","headline":"Using pilot data to size a two-arm randomized trial to find a nearly optimal personalized treatment strategy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/using-pilot-data-to-size-a-two-arm-randomized-trial-to-find-a-nearly-optimal-per-recdxfaqum522g4jp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Eric B Laber","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2640-7696","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"John Wiley & Sons (United Kingdom)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01zm94433"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ying Zhao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3189-8389","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhao YQ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marie Davidian","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9202-6341","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"John Wiley & Sons (United Kingdom)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01zm94433"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anastasios Tsiatis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd The Atrium  Southern Gate, Chichester West Sussex PO19 8SQ U.K."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Donglin Zeng","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0843-9280","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"John Wiley & Sons (United Kingdom)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01zm94433"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rui Song","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1273-0483","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"John Wiley & Sons (United Kingdom)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01zm94433"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael R Kosorok","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6070-9738","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"John Wiley & Sons (United Kingdom)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01zm94433"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Todd Regh","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"John Wiley & Sons (United Kingdom)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01zm94433"}}],"datePublished":"2015-10-29","abstract":"A personalized treatment strategy formalizes evidence-based treatment selection by mapping patient information to a recommended treatment. Personalized treatment strategies can produce better patient outcomes while reducing cost and treatment burden. Thus, among clinical and intervention scientists, there is a growing interest in conducting randomized clinical trials when one of the primary aims is estimation of a personalized treatment strategy. However, at present, there are no appropriate sample size formulae to assist in the design of such a trial. Furthermore, because the sampling distribution of the estimated outcome under an estimated optimal treatment strategy can be highly sensitive to small perturbations in the underlying generative model, sample size calculations based on standard (uncorrected) asymptotic approximations or computer simulations may not be reliable. We offer a simple and robust method for powering a single stage, two-armed randomized clinical trial when the primary aim is estimating the optimal single stage personalized treatment strategy. The proposed method is based on inverting a plugin projection confidence interval and is thereby regular and robust to small perturbations of the underlying generative model. The proposed method requires elicitation of two clinically meaningful parameters from clinical scientists and uses data from a small pilot study to estimate nuisance parameters, which are not easily elicited. The method performs well in simulated experiments and is illustrated using data from a pilot study of time to conception and fertility awareness.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"35","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Statistics in Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"1245","pageEnd":"1256","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/sim.6783","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31011938"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/sim.6783"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26506890"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q31011938"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-rare-presentation-of-aplasia-cutis-congenita-after-fetoreduction-in-a-trichori-tmhqpcsy/","name":"A rare presentation of aplasia cutis congenita after feto-reduction in a trichorionic-triamniotic pregnancy","headline":"A rare presentation of aplasia cutis congenita after feto-reduction in a trichorionic-triamniotic pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-rare-presentation-of-aplasia-cutis-congenita-after-fetoreduction-in-a-trichori-tmhqpcsy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Vettori D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jairath P"}],"datePublished":"2015-10-24","abstract":"Aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) is rare skin disorder of newborns that has been linked to both assisted reproductive technology (ART) and feto-reduction procedures. ACC is characterized by well-demarcated lesions that are devoid of all skin layers. Group-V ACC presents with a distinctive and symmetrical distribution pattern. It is thought to result from an insult to the fetus after concomitant twin demise and is almost exclusively reported in monochorionic gestations.A 41-year-old female with an in vitro fertilization (IVF) assisted tri-chorionic gestation subsequently underwent selective feto-reduction of Fetus C. The patient delivered two pre-term neonates secondary to pre-eclampsia. The initial exam of Twin B showed extensive, well-demarcated, symmetrical areas devoid of any skin over the anterior and lateral trunk, extending up the lateral thoracic walls. Chest and abdominal viscera were visible through a thin fibrous membrane. The skin defects were managed conservatively with twice-daily dressings of Aquaphor, and Vaseline gauze. The areas of aplasia slowly contracted, though residual scarring was noted. After four weeks in the NICU, most of the areas were healed.ACC in multi-fetal pregnancies is a rare, but well-described complication. This is, to our knowledge, the first reported case in a tri-chorionic IVF gestation after feto-reduction. With increased incidence of ART-associated pregnancies and the use of feto-reduction for higher order gestations, this may become more common. Neonates often require specialized intensive care. Conservative management usually will suffice, although surgical grafting may be required. Physicians should be aware of this condition and counsel their feto-reduction patients of the risk.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"275","pageEnd":"281","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3233/npm-15915003","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50969768"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3233/npm-15915003"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50969768"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chronic-endometritis-potential-cause-of-infertility-and-obstetric-and-neonatal-c-recard0poglnf8sx1/","name":"Chronic Endometritis: Potential Cause of Infertility and Obstetric and Neonatal  Complications","headline":"Chronic Endometritis: Potential Cause of Infertility and Obstetric and Neonatal  Complications","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chronic-endometritis-potential-cause-of-infertility-and-obstetric-and-neonatal-c-recard0poglnf8sx1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kotaro Kitaya","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5693-3139","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kansai Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/001xjdh50"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hidehiko Matsubayashi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6527-434X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Osaka Nishi Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02hef5r03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kohei Yamaguchi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4118-1595","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Osaka Nishi Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02hef5r03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tomomoto Ishikawa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4335-5642","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Osaka Nishi Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02hef5r03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hisao Yamada","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0403-2061","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kansai Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/001xjdh50"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rie Nishiyama","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Osaka Nishi Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02hef5r03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yukiko Takaya","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Osaka Nishi Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02hef5r03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tadahiro Yasuo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/028vxwa22"}}],"datePublished":"2015-10-20","abstract":"Chronic endometritis (CE) is a local inflammatory disease characterized by unusual plasmacyte infiltration in the endometrial stromal areas. CE has been neglected in gynecologic practice, as it is a less symptomatic benign disease that requires demanding and time-consuming histopathologic examinations for the definite diagnosis. Recent studies, however, suggest the association of CE with infertility and obstetric and neonatal complications. In this review article, we aimed to update the knowledge on epidemiology, etiology, and pathogenesis of CE as well as discuss its clinical management from diagnosis to treatment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"75","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989)"}}},"pageStart":"13","pageEnd":"22","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/aji.12438","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38610584"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/aji.12438"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26478517"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38610584"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endocrine-abnormalities-in-hiv-infected-women-are-associated-with-peak-viral-loa-reclpjcrjcrpx6m2f/","name":"Endocrine abnormalities in HIV-infected women are associated with peak viral load - the Children and Women: AntiRetrovirals and Markers of Aging (CARMA) Cohort","headline":"Endocrine abnormalities in HIV-infected women are associated with peak viral load - the Children and Women: AntiRetrovirals and Markers of Aging (CARMA) Cohort","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endocrine-abnormalities-in-hiv-infected-women-are-associated-with-peak-viral-loa-reclpjcrjcrpx6m2f/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kristen M. Sokalski","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Justin J Chu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5355-9989"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alice Y. Mai","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Annie Qiu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8037-1589","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00frst980"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arianne Y.K. Albert","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3050-0888","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Health Research Institute Vancouver BC Canada"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"DeAnna L. Zanet","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00frst980"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hélène C F Côté","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0399-5141","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Health Research Institute, H214-4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia V6H 3N1, Canada; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Rm. G227 - 2211 Wesb...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0455vfz21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Evelyn J Maan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5930-3514","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"B.C. Women's Hospital & Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c4nx247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neora Pick","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4123-3698","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"B.C. Women's Hospital & Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c4nx247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Deborah Money","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4411-7473","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Melanie C M Murray","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9538-2758","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oak Tree Clinic, BC Women's Hospital and Health Centre, 4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 0A7, Canada; Women's Health Research Institute, H214-4500 Oak St, Vancouver, British Columbia V6...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0455vfz21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"the CIHR team grant on HIV therapy and aging: CARMA"}],"datePublished":"2015-10-20","abstract":"Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of endocrine disturbances in a group of HIV-positive (HIV+) women and to identify factors affecting presence of these disorders. To examine specifically whether cellular ageing, as measured by leukocyte telomere length (LTL), is correlated with the presence of endocrine disturbance.\nDesign: A cross-sectional retrospective substudy of an ongoing prospective cohort study.\n\nPatients: Adult HIV+ (≥19 years) women enrolled in the CARMA (Children and Women: AntiRetrovirals and Markers of Aging) cohort study (N = 192). Prevalences of T2DM, glucose intolerance, dyslipidaemia, thyroid disorders, adrenal insufficiency, hypogonadism, primary ovarian insufficiency (POI), demographics, HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection status, baseline LTL, combined antiRetroviral therapy (cART) and substance exposures were collected. Statistical analysis included univariable followed by multivariable Poisson regression and step-wise reduction to refine the multivariable model.\n\nResults: Prevalence of any endocrine abnormality was 58% (dyslipidaemia 43%, glucose intolerance/T2DM 13%, thyroid disorders 15%). In multivariable analysis, age was associated with number and type (any, glucose, lipid) of abnormality, while increasing body mass index (BMI) was associated with number of diagnoses and with glucose metabolism disorders. Interestingly, peak HIV pVL ≥100 000 copies/ml was associated with any abnormality, total number of disorders and presence of a thyroid disorder, while any disorder, glucose abnormalities and dyslipidaemia were negatively associated with alcohol use. LTL was not associated with number or type of endocrine abnormalities in this study.\n\nConclusion: Further studies examining the relationship between duration and extent of exposure to HIV viraemia in relation to developing abnormal endocrine function are warranted.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"84","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"}}},"pageStart":"452","pageEnd":"462","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/cen.12881","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41037315"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/cen.12881"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26300027"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41037315"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fluctuations-of-hyperglycemia-and-insulin-sensitivity-are-linked-to-menstrual-cy-ofd5hsdy/","name":"Fluctuations of Hyperglycemia and Insulin Sensitivity Are Linked to Menstrual Cycle Phases in Women With T1D","headline":"Fluctuations of Hyperglycemia and Insulin Sensitivity Are Linked to Menstrual Cycle Phases in Women With T1D","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fluctuations-of-hyperglycemia-and-insulin-sensitivity-are-linked-to-menstrual-cy-ofd5hsdy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Brown SA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jiang B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"McElwee-Malloy M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wakeman C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Breton MD"}],"datePublished":"2015-10-14","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Factors influencing glycemic variability in type 1 diabetes (T1D) may play a significant role in the refinement of closed loop insulin administration. Phase of menstrual cycle is one such factor that has been inadequately investigated. We propose that unique individual patterns can be constructed and used as parameters of closed loop systems.\n\nMETHOD: Women with T1D on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion and continuous glucose monitoring were studied for 3 consecutive menstrual cycles. Ovulation prediction kits and labs were used to confirm phase of menstrual cycle. Glycemic risks were assessed using the low- and high blood glucose indices (LBGI and HBGI). Insulin sensitivity (SI) was estimated using a Kalman filtering method from meal and insulin data. Overall change significance for glycemic risks was assessed by repeated measures ANOVA, with specific phases emphasized using contrasts.\n\nRESULTS: Ovulation was confirmed in 33/36 cycles studied in 12 subjects (age = 33.1 ± 7.0 years, BMI = 25.7 ± 2.9 kg/m(2), A1c = 6.8 ± 0.7%). Risk for hyperglycemia changed significantly during the cycle (P = .023), with HBGI increasing until early luteal phase and returning to initial levels thereafter. LBGI was steady in the follicular phase, decreasing thereafter but not significantly. SI was depressed during the luteal phase when compared to the early follicular phase (P ≤ .05). Total daily insulin, carbohydrates, or calories did not show any significant fluctuations.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Women with T1D have glycemic variability changes that are specific to the individual and are linked to phase of cycle. An increased risk of hyperglycemia was observed during periovulation and early luteal phases compared to the early follicular phase; these changes appear to be associated with decreased insulin sensitivity during the luteal phase.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of diabetes science and technology"}}},"pageStart":"1192","pageEnd":"9","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/1932296815608400","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30278523"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/1932296815608400"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26468135"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q30278523"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/women-with-minor-menstrual-irregularities-have-increased-risk-of-preeclampsia-an-recqvlnrab9wbcqiz/","name":"Women with minor menstrual irregularities have increased risk of preeclampsia and  low birthweight in spontaneous pregnancies","headline":"Women with minor menstrual irregularities have increased risk of preeclampsia and  low birthweight in spontaneous pregnancies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/women-with-minor-menstrual-irregularities-have-increased-risk-of-preeclampsia-an-recqvlnrab9wbcqiz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Barbara Bonnesen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8635-347X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre Hvidovre Denmark","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00edrn755"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Finn Stener Jørgensen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1592-5407","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre Hvidovre Denmark","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00edrn755"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Klara Vinsand Naver","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7819-5627","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hvidovre Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00edrn755"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisbeth Nilas","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9868-7132","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hvidovre Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00edrn755"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hanna L. Oddgeirsdóttir","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2843-6423","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hvidovre Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00edrn755"}}],"datePublished":"2015-10-11","abstract":"Introduction: Very few studies describe the obstetric and neonatal outcome of spontaneous pregnancies in women with irregular menstrual cycles. However, menstrual cycle irregularities are common and may be associated with increased risk, and women who develop pregnancy complications more frequently recollect irregular menstrual cycles before the time of conception in case-control studies.\n\nMATERIAL AND Methods: This retrospective cohort study compares obstetric and neonatal outcomes in spontaneous singleton pregnancies in 3440 primiparous Danish women stratified according to menstrual cycle regularity. All pregnancies delivered after 22 weeks of gestation and had a nuchal translucency examination at Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2010. Menstrual cycle irregularity was defined as more than 7 days' deviation between self-reported and ultrasound examination-based gestational age. Outcome measures were gestational diabetes, hypertension, preeclampsia, preterm premature rupture of membranes, preterm birth, prolonged pregnancy, birthweight, umbilical artery pH <7.1, APGAR <7 after 5 min, admission to neonatal intensive care unit and stillbirth. Women with more than 7 days' deviation between self-reported and ultrasound examination-based gestational age were compared with women with a deviation of 7 days or less.\n\nResults: Irregular menstrual cycle before conception increases the risk of preeclampsia (7.9% vs. 5.2%, p < 0.05) and low birthweight (6.0% vs. 3.6%, p < 0.05) in spontaneous pregnancies, but reduces the risk of prolonged pregnancy (1.4% vs. 4.7%, p < 0.001).\n\nConclusion: Irregular menstrual cycle before conception is associated with increased risk of adverse obstetric and neonatal outcome.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"95","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica"}}},"pageStart":"88","pageEnd":"92","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/aogs.12792","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41239799"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/aogs.12792"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26453458"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41239799"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/decreased-fecundity-and-sperm-dna-methylation-patterns-recogmnv35jhwelxj/","name":"Decreased fecundity and sperm DNA methylation patterns","headline":"Decreased fecundity and sperm DNA methylation patterns","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/decreased-fecundity-and-sperm-dna-methylation-patterns-recogmnv35jhwelxj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Timothy G Jenkins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1171-4482","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kenneth I Aston","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6459-2103","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"James M Hotaling","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4401-4565","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Monis B Shamsi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2158-6349","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Erica Johnstone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3382-3500","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christina A Porucznik","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1973-2917","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Douglas T Carrell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6471-2803","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kyley J Cox","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tyson D Meyer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2015-10-09","abstract":"Objective: To evaluate the relationship between epigenetic patterns in sperm and fecundity.\nDesign: Prospective study.\nSetting: Academic andrology and in vitro fertilization laboratory. PATIENT(S): Twenty-seven semen samples from couples who conceived within 2 months of attempting a pregnancy and 29 semen samples from couples unable to achieve a pregnancy within 12 months. INTERVENTION(S): None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Genomewide assessment of differential sperm DNA methylation and standard semen analysis. RESULT(S): We analyzed DNA methylation alterations associated with fecundity in 124 semen samples, and identified regions of interest in 27 semen samples from couples who conceived within 2 months of attempting a pregnancy and a total of 29 semen samples from couples who were unable to achieve a pregnancy within 12 months. No differences in sperm count, sperm morphology, or semen volume were observed between the patients achieving a pregnancy within 2 months of study time and those not obtaining a pregnancy within 12 months. However, using data from the human methylation 450k array analysis we did identify two genomic regions with statistically significantly decreased (false discovery rate <0.01) methylation and three genomic regions with statistically significantly increased methylation in the failure-to-conceive group. The only two sites where decreased methylation was associated with reduced fecundity are at closely related genes known to be expressed in sperm, HSPA1L and HSPA1B. CONCLUSION(S): Our data suggest that there are genomic loci where DNA methylation alterations are associated with decreased fecundity. We have thus identified candidate loci for future study to verify these results and investigate the causative or contributory relationship between altered sperm methylation and decreased fecundity.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"105","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"51-7.e73","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.09.013","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36960557"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.09.013"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26453269"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36960557"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-diagnosis-and-staging-by-operating-surgeon-and-expert-review-using-multiple-diagnostic-tools-an-inter-rater-agreement-study-rec6wn01iykfukfx4/","name":"Endometriosis diagnosis and staging by operating surgeon and expert review using multiple diagnostic tools: an inter-rater agreement study","headline":"Endometriosis diagnosis and staging by operating surgeon and expert review using multiple diagnostic tools: an inter-rater agreement study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-diagnosis-and-staging-by-operating-surgeon-and-expert-review-using-multiple-diagnostic-tools-an-inter-rater-agreement-study-rec6wn01iykfukfx4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhian Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6423-105X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stanford Jb","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y Xie","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6871-1456","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ahmad Hammoud","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7581-9024","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Boiman Johnstone E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Erica Johnstone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3382-3500","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"JK Dorais","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Buck Louis GM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Germaine M Buck Louis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1774-4490","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Matthew Peterson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4644-602X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael W Varner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9455-3973","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2015-10-05","abstract":"Objective: To determine agreement on endometriosis diagnosis between real-time laparoscopy and subsequent expert review of digital images, operative reports, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and histopathology, viewed sequentially.\nDesign: Inter-rater agreement study.\nSetting: Five urban surgical centres.\n\nPopulation: Women, aged 18-44 years, who underwent a laparoscopy regardless of clinical indication. A random sample of 105 women with and 43 women without a postoperative endometriosis diagnosis was obtained from the ENDO study.\n\nMethods: Laparoscopies were diagnosed, digitally recorded, and reassessed.\n\nMain Outcome Measures: Inter-observer agreement of endometriosis diagnosis and staging according to the revised American Society for Reproductive Medicine criteria. Prevalence and bias-adjusted kappa values (κ) were calculated for diagnosis, and weighted κ values were calculated for staging.\n\nResults: Surgeons and expert reviewers had substantial agreement on diagnosis and staging after viewing digital images (n = 148; mean κ = 0.67, range 0.61-0.69; mean κ = 0.64, range 0.53-0.78, respectively) and after additionally viewing operative reports (n = 148; mean κ = 0.88, range 0.85-0.89; mean κ = 0.85, range 0.84-0.86, respectively). Although additionally viewing MRI findings (n = 36) did not greatly impact agreement, agreement substantially decreased after viewing histological findings (n = 67), with expert reviewers changing their assessment from a positive to a negative diagnosis in up to 20% of cases.\n\nConclusion: Although these findings suggest that misclassification bias in the diagnosis or staging of endometriosis via visualised disease is minimal, they should alert gynaecologists who review operative images in order to make decisions on endometriosis treatment that operative reports/drawings and histopathology, but not necessarily MRI, will improve their ability to make sound judgments. Tweetable Abstract: Endometriosis diagnosis and staging agreement between expert reviewers and operating surgeons was substantial.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"124","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"220","pageEnd":"229","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.13711","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38598968"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/1471-0528.13711"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26435386"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38598968"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/live-birth-rate-in-euthyroid-women-with-recurrent-miscarriage-and-thyroid-peroxi-recrqapuudrw9xy9p/","name":"Live-birth rate in euthyroid women with recurrent miscarriage and thyroid peroxidase antibodies","headline":"Live-birth rate in euthyroid women with recurrent miscarriage and thyroid peroxidase antibodies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/live-birth-rate-in-euthyroid-women-with-recurrent-miscarriage-and-thyroid-peroxi-recrqapuudrw9xy9p/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rosa Vissenberg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9263-9148","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Academic Medical Centre, Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address: r.vissenberg@amc.uva.nl.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03t4gr691"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eric Fliers","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8048-9050","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Academic Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03t4gr691"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joris van der Post","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3311-2116","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Academic Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03t4gr691"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Madelon van Wely","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8263-213X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Academic Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03t4gr691"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peter H Bisschop","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3583-6567","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Academic Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03t4gr691"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mariette Goddijn","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9928-9673","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital and Clinics","sameAs":"https://ror.org/013v7fk41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joris A M van der Post","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9845-155X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Academic Medical Centre, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands."}}],"datePublished":"2015-10-03","abstract":"Thyroid autoimmunity with normal thyroid function is associated with recurrent miscarriage (RM), but the association with live birth is less clear. Therefore, we determined the association between thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO-Ab) and live-birth rate (LBR) in a retrospective cohort of euthyroid women with unexplained RM. We included 202 women of which 28 were TPO-Ab positive (13.9%) and 174 were TPO-Ab negative. TPO-Ab positive women (n = 10) without levothyroxine treatment had a lower LBR (29%) compared to TPO-Ab negative women (51%) (HR 0.23, 0.07-0.72, p = 0.012). The LBR in women with TPO-Ab receiving levothyroxine was not different compared women without TPO-Ab (60% versus 51%, p = 0.50). In conclusion, TPO-Ab are associated with a lower LBR in euthyroid women with unexplained RM and these women may benefit from treatment with levothyroxine.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Gynecological Endocrinology : the Official Journal of the International Society  of Gynecological Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"132","pageEnd":"135","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3109/09513590.2015.1092513","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60494324"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3109/09513590.2015.1092513"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26430806"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q60494324"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-placenta-is-the-center-of-the-chronic-disease-universe-reckmb7muox6n4zw1/","name":"The placenta is the center of the chronic disease universe","headline":"The placenta is the center of the chronic disease universe","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-placenta-is-the-center-of-the-chronic-disease-universe-reckmb7muox6n4zw1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kent L Thornburg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5561-4785","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oregon Health & Science University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/009avj582"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nicole Marshall","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6541-3180","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oregon Health & Science University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/009avj582"}}],"datePublished":"2015-10-03","abstract":"Over the past quarter century it has become clear that adult onset chronic diseases like heart disease and type 2 diabetes have their roots in early development. The report by David Barker and colleagues showing an inverse relationship between birthweight and mortality from ischemic heart disease was the first clear-cut demonstration of fetal programming. Because fetal growth depends upon the placental capacity to transport nutrients from maternal blood, it has been a suspected causative agent since the original Barker reports. Epidemiological studies have shown that placental size and shape have powerful associations with offspring disease. More recent studies have shown that maternal phenotypic characteristics, such as body mass index and height, interact with placental size and shape to predict disease with much more precision than does birthweight alone. For example, among people in the Helsinki Birth Cohort, who were born during 1924–1944, the risk for acquiring colorectal cancer increased as the placental surface became longer and more oval. Among people in whom the difference between the length and breadth of the surface exceeded 6 cm, the hazard ratio for the cancer was 2.3 (95% CI 1.2–4.7, p=0.003) compared with those in whom there was no difference. Among Finnish men, the hazard ratio for coronary heart disease was 1.07 (1.02–1.13, P =0.01) per 1% increase in the placental weight/birthweight ratio. Thus, it appears that the ratio of birthweight to placental weight, known as placental efficiency, predicts cardiovascular risk as well. Babies born with placentas at the extremes of efficiency are more vulnerable for adult onset chronic diseases. Recent evidence suggests that placental growth patterns are sex specific. Boys’ placentas are, in general, more efficient than those made by girls. Another recent discovery is that the size, shape and efficiencies of the placenta can change over years of time with very narrow confidence limits. This suggests that the growth of the placenta within a population of women is strongly affected by their nutritional environment. Even though it is known that an individual placenta can expand to improve its nutrient acquisition capacity in the first 2/3(rd) of gestation, the mechanisms by which placentas grow in response to a specific nutritional environment are not known. Discovering those mechanisms is the task of the current generation of scientists. While it may seem obvious that good nutrition is highly important for women who are pregnant because it supports optimal placentation and fetal development, more research is needed to determine the mechanisms by which maternal nutrition, placenta growth and fetal health are related.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"213","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4 Suppl","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"S14-S20","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2015.08.030","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36122131"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ajog.2015.08.030"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26428494"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36122131"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/alcohol-intake-reproductive-hormones-and-menstrual-cycle-function-a-prospective--recarrxl8tlzdtyn1/","name":"Alcohol intake, reproductive hormones, and menstrual cycle function: a prospective cohort study","headline":"Alcohol intake, reproductive hormones, and menstrual cycle function: a prospective cohort study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/alcohol-intake-reproductive-hormones-and-menstrual-cycle-function-a-prospective--recarrxl8tlzdtyn1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Maurizio Trevisan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5479-0050","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"City College of New York","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wmhkr98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neil J Perkins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6802-4733","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindsey A Sjaarda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0539-8110","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Wactawski-Wende","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3096-9595","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shvetha M Zarek","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2178-6623","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}}],"datePublished":"2015-10-01","abstract":"Background: Although habitual low-to-moderate alcohol intake has been linked with reduced all-cause mortality and morbidity, the effect of recent alcohol intake on female reproductive function has not been clearly established.\n\nObjective: We assessed the relation between acute alcohol consumption, reproductive hormones, and markers of menstrual cycle dysfunction including sporadic anovulation, irregular cycle length, luteal phase deficiency, long menses, and heavy blood loss.\nDesign: A total of 259 healthy, premenopausal women from Western New York were followed for ≤2 menstrual cycles (2005-2007) and provided fasting blood specimens during ≤8 visits/cycle and four 24-h dietary recalls/cycle. Linear mixed models were used to estimate associations between previous day's alcohol intake and hormone concentrations, whereas Poisson regression was used to assess RR of cycle-average alcohol intake and menstrual cycle function.\n\nResults: For every alcoholic drink consumed, the geometric mean total and free estradiol, total and free testosterone, and luteinizing hormone were higher by 5.26% (95% CI: 1.27%, 9.41%), 5.82% (95% CI: 1.81%, 9.99%), 1.56% (95% CI: 0.23%, 2.90%), 1.42% (95% CI: 0.02%, 2.84%), and 6.18% (95% CI: 2.02%, 10.52%), respectively, after adjustment for age, race, percentage of body fat, perceived stress, pain-medication use, sexual activity, caffeine, and sleep. Binge compared with nonbinge drinking (defined as reporting ≥4 compared with <4 drinks/d, respectively) was associated with 64.35% (95% CI: 18.09%, 128.71%) and 63.53% (95% CI: 17.41%, 127.73%) higher total and free estradiol. No statistically significant associations were shown between cycle-average alcohol intake and menstrual cycle function.\n\nConclusion: Although recent moderate alcohol intake does not appear to have adverse short-term effects on menstrual cycle function, including sporadic anovulation, potential protective and deleterious long-term effects of alterations in reproductive hormones on other chronic diseases warrant additional investigation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"102","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The American journal of clinical nutrition"}}},"pageStart":"933","pageEnd":"42","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.114.102160","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36107314"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3945/ajcn.114.102160"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26289438"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36107314"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/perimenopause-and-menopause-as-oestrogen-deficiency-while-ignoring-progesterone-rec0veti4inekrfil/","name":"Perimenopause and menopause as oestrogen deficiency while ignoring progesterone","headline":"Perimenopause and menopause as oestrogen deficiency while ignoring progesterone","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/perimenopause-and-menopause-as-oestrogen-deficiency-while-ignoring-progesterone-rec0veti4inekrfil/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2015-10-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nature Reviews Disease Primers"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1038/nrdp.2015.31","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/nrdp.2015.31"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/od-eugeniki-do-procedury-zapłodnienia-in-vitro-reczej1sozphsqkwq/","name":"Od eugeniki do procedury zapłodnienia in vitro","headline":"Od eugeniki do procedury zapłodnienia in vitro","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/od-eugeniki-do-procedury-zapłodnienia-in-vitro-reczej1sozphsqkwq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Gruszka MJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gruszka Marta Joanna","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05sdyjv16"}}],"datePublished":"2015-09-30","abstract":"In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a method known almost all over the world, by which modern man is trying to cope with the problem of infertility. The aim of this article is to show the eugenic roots of in vitro and to attempt to reconciliate the supporters and opponents of this controversial procedure at a NaProTechnological plane. In order to achieve this, the author characterizes IVF from the technical, medical and legal point of view. Then, the article shows the relationship between the in vitro procedure and eugenic thought. The third section contextualizes the problem of artificial insemination in the contemporary, human uncritical faith in technological progress. The last part of this article directs the reader's attention towards NaProTechnology – a method of infertility treatement which can engage both the supporters and the opponents of IVF.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2015(36)","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"nr 3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Seminare. Poszukiwania naukowe"}}},"pageStart":"55","pageEnd":"68","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.21852/sem.2015.3.05","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.21852/sem.2015.3.05"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/associations-of-protein-intake-and-protein-source-with-bone-mineral-density-and--recyqrbatrciae9uv/","name":"Associations of Protein Intake and Protein Source with Bone Mineral Density and  Fracture Risk: A Population-Based Cohort Study","headline":"Associations of Protein Intake and Protein Source with Bone Mineral Density and  Fracture Risk: A Population-Based Cohort Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/associations-of-protein-intake-and-protein-source-with-bone-mineral-density-and--recyqrbatrciae9uv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa Langsetmo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2245-1657","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan I Barr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8701-7152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudie Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5499-2661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Rahme","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4168-4993","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandra Papaioannou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9412-0932","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephanie M Kaiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7183-5754","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Hanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher S Kovacs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5219-9993","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John’s, NL, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04haebc03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert G Josse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-6264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nancy Kreiger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S M Kaiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3222-3711","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}}],"datePublished":"2015-09-29","abstract":"High dietary protein has been hypothesized to cause lower bone mineral density (BMD) and greater fracture risk. Previous results are conflicting and few studies have assessed potential differences related to differing protein sources.\nObjective: To determine associations between total protein intake, and protein intake by source (dairy, non-dairy animal, plant) with BMD, BMD change, and incident osteoporotic fracture. DESIGN/Setting: Prospective cohort study (Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study). Participants/Measures: Protein intake was assessed as percent of total energy intake (TEI) at Year 2 (1997-99) using a food frequency questionnaire (N=6510). Participants were contacted annually to ascertain incident fracture. Total hip and lumbar spine BMD was measured at baseline and Year 5. Analyses were stratified by group (men 25-49 y, men 50+ y, premenopausal women 25-49 y, and postmenopausal women 50+ y) and adjusted for major confounders. Fracture analyses were limited to those 50+ y.\n\nResults: Intakes of dairy protein (with adjustment for BMI) were positively associated with total hip BMD among men and women aged 50+ y, and in men aged 25-49. Among adults aged 50+ y, those with protein intakes of <12% TEI (women) and <11% TEI (men) had increased fracture risk compared to those with intakes of 15% TEI. Fracture risk did not significantly change as intake increased above 15% TEI, and was not significantly associated with protein source.\n\nConclusions: In contrast to hypothesized risk of high protein, we found that for adults 50+ y, low protein intake (below 15% TEI) may lead to increased fracture risk. Source of protein was a determinant of BMD, but not fracture risk.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging"}}},"pageStart":"861","pageEnd":"868","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-015-0544-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37388859"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s12603-015-0544-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26412291"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37388859"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-contraception-and-pelvic-floor-function-a-systematic-review-recxwkopeqixqqen6/","name":"Hormonal contraception and pelvic floor function: a systematic review","headline":"Hormonal contraception and pelvic floor function: a systematic review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-contraception-and-pelvic-floor-function-a-systematic-review-recxwkopeqixqqen6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ruben Mamprin D'Andrea","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3253-853X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National University of Rosario","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02tphfq59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ruben Mamprin D’Andrea"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pallavi Latthe","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0529-0409","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Birmingham Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00xe5zs60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rita Champaneria","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03angcq70"}}],"datePublished":"2015-09-27","abstract":"INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: Hormonal contraceptive use is common practice worldwide. Although the effects of hormone treatments in the pelvic region are well established, there is no clear evidence regarding their effects on incontinence, bladder, bowel, vaginal and sexual symptoms in premenopausal women. We hypothesized that hormonal contraceptives affect pelvic floor function. We therefore performed a comprehensive systematic review of published studies to determine the influence of hormonal contraception on pelvic floor functions.\nMethods: Electronic literature databases were searched from database inception to March 2015. Keywords and medical subject headings searched for included terms and word variations for 'contraception', and 'bowel', 'vaginal', 'sexual' and 'urinary' symptoms. Studies were eligible if they looked at these symptoms in women taking hormonal contraception. Two reviewers independently screened studies for inclusion, and extracted data on study characteristics, quality and results. Data were combined where possible.\n\nResults: Of the 429 citations identified, 13 studies were included in the review. Data were meta-analysed where possible and presented as prevalence. The results indicate statistically significant links between interstitial cystitis and oral contraceptive use at any point (ever) (OR 2.31, 95 % CI 1.03 - 5.16; p = 0.04) and vulvar vestibulitis and current oral contraceptive use (OR 2.10, 95 % CI 1.26 - 3.49; p = 0.004). The evidence is unclear in other areas.\n\nConclusions: Our results indicate that oral contraceptives may have an effect on pelvic floor function. They could increase the risk of painful bladder and vulvar vestibulitis, but their effect on dyspareunia is inconsistent. However, robustly collected prospective data to establish causal associations are needed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"27","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Urogynecology Journal"}}},"pageStart":"709","pageEnd":"722","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s00192-015-2833-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38592970"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00192-015-2833-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26407563"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38592970"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevalence-of-hyperprolactinemia-and-thyroid-disorders-among-patients-with-abnor-recs3icyo33rqdxkw/","name":"Prevalence of hyperprolactinemia and thyroid disorders among patients with  abnormal uterine bleeding","headline":"Prevalence of hyperprolactinemia and thyroid disorders among patients with  abnormal uterine bleeding","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevalence-of-hyperprolactinemia-and-thyroid-disorders-among-patients-with-abnor-recs3icyo33rqdxkw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Amr M S Abdel Hamid","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ain Shams University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00p59qs14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Abdel Hamid AM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tamer F Borg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8822-7370","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ain Shams University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00p59qs14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wael A I Madkour","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5790-7645","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ain Shams University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00p59qs14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Madkour WA"}],"datePublished":"2015-09-16","abstract":"Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of hyperprolactinemia and thyroid disorders among patients with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) compared with matched controls.\n\nMethods: In 2013-2014, an observational study of women with AUB (group A) and women with regular menstruation (group B) was undertaken at one center in Egypt and one in the United Arab Emirates. Eligible women were aged 20-35 years and were not obese. Participants underwent clinical examinations, vaginal ultrasonography, office hysteroscopy (in selected cases), and measurement of hormone levels.\n\nResults: Hyperprolactinemia was present in 17 (16.2%) of 105 patients in group A and 4 (3.2%) of 125 patients in group B (P=0.009). In group A, a high thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level was observed in 8 (7.6%) patients and low levels of free triiodothyronine/thyroxine were found in 5 (4.8%) patients, compared with 2 (1.6%) patients and 1 (0.8%) patient in group B (P=0.012 and P=0.008, respectively). Polymenorrhea was the most frequent presentation of AUB (n=60 [57.1%]). Five (29.4%) patients with hyperprolactinemia had galactorrhea. In group A, 8 (47.1%) patients with a high TSH had hyperprolactinemia, whereas 1 (1.1%) patient with a high TSH had a normal prolactin value (P=0.008).\n\nConclusion: Screening by evaluating prolactin and thyroid hormone levels is recommended for all patients with AUB, even in the absence of galactorrhea.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"131","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: the Official Organ of the  International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics"}}},"pageStart":"273","pageEnd":"276","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgo.2015.05.035","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38853837"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ijgo.2015.05.035"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26372350"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38853837"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/invited-commentary-the-association-between-marijuana-use-and-male-reproductive-h-7ap0gwhy/","name":"Invited Commentary: The Association Between Marijuana Use and Male Reproductive Health","headline":"Invited Commentary: The Association Between Marijuana Use and Male Reproductive Health","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/invited-commentary-the-association-between-marijuana-use-and-male-reproductive-h-7ap0gwhy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Eisenberg ML","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5482-0141"}],"datePublished":"2015-09-15","abstract":"Approximately 15% of all couples are unable to conceive after a year and are labeled infertile. In recent years, increasing attention has been given to lifestyle factors that may impact fertility. In the United States, it is estimated that there are more than 17 million current users of marijuana with 4.6 million using marijuana almost daily. Although common, to date, little data exist on the impact of marijuana use on male fertility. In the current issue of the Journal, Gundersen et al. (Am J Epidemiol. 2015;182(6):473-481) provide data examining the relationship between marijuana use and semen quality from young men recruited out of the general Danish population. Men who reported daily marijuana use displayed significant lower sperm concentration and sperm counts compared with nonusers, while testosterone levels were higher. The current report provides important information for patients and providers regarding the negative association of marijuana use on semen quality. Although the benefit of marijuana cessation on recovery is uncertain, further study on the impact of marijuana use on male reproductive health is warranted as more states explore marijuana legalization.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"182","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American journal of epidemiology"}}},"pageStart":"482","pageEnd":"4","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwv137","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40632632"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/aje/kwv137"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26283091"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40632632"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sex-ratio-following-preconception-low-dose-aspirin-in-women-with-prior-pregnancy-loss-recnjmnscz3lfqk0a/","name":"Sex ratio following preconception low-dose aspirin in women with prior pregnancy loss","headline":"Sex ratio following preconception low-dose aspirin in women with prior pregnancy loss","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sex-ratio-following-preconception-low-dose-aspirin-in-women-with-prior-pregnancy-loss-recnjmnscz3lfqk0a/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rose G Radin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6273-274X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert M Silver","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5794-3152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Intermountain Healthcare","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mvr1r74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laurie L Lesher","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Room 2B200 SOM, 50 North Medical Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Noya Galai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8280-9492","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Haifa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02f009v59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Faraggi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2131-620X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Haifa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02f009v59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anne M Lynch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6508-8136","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Colorado Denver","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02hh7en24"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hyagriv N. Simhan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4267-2089","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pittsburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindsey A Sjaarda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0539-8110","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neil J Perkins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6802-4733","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shvetha M Zarek","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2178-6623","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Janet M Townsend","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Commonwealth Medical College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04bqfk210"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Wactawski-Wende","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3096-9595","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}}],"datePublished":"2015-09-01","abstract":"Background: Several lines of evidence suggest that male embryos may have greater vulnerability than female embryos to disordered inflammation; therefore, antiinflammatory drugs, such as low-dose aspirin (LDA), may alter the sex ratio. Here, we assessed the effect of LDA on male live birth and male offspring, incorporating pregnancy losses (n = 56) via genetic assessment, as part of a parallel-design, block-randomized, placebo-controlled trial of preconception LDA.\n\nMethods: Participants (615 treated with LDA, 613 treated with placebo) ranged in age from 18 to 40 years of age, with 1 to 2 prior pregnancy losses. We estimated the intention-to-treat (ITT) risk ratio (RR) and 95% CI and assessed interaction with baseline high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) serum concentration - a marker of systemic inflammation.\n\nResults: Among the 1,078 women who completed follow-up (535 treated with LDA, 543 treated with placebo), the male live birth ITT RR equaled 1.31 (95% CI: 1.07-1.59). With increasing tertile of hsCRP, the proportion of males at birth decreased in the placebo group, and the effect of LDA on male live birth increased (first tertile: 48% male in LDA vs. 52% in placebo, ITT RR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.70-1.35; second tertile: 57% male in LDA vs. 43% in placebo, ITT RR = 1.36, 95% CI: 0.98-1.90; third tertile: 53% male in LDA vs. 35% in placebo, ITT RR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.13-2.57; P interaction = 0.03). Analysis of pregnancy with male offspring yielded similar results.\n\nConclusion: Initiation of LDA prior to conception restored numbers of male live births and pregnancy with male offspring among women with 1 to 2 prior pregnancy losses. Moreover, our data suggest that LDA modulates inflammation that would otherwise reduce the conception or survival of male embryos.\n\nTrial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00467363.\n\nFunding: Intramural Research Program of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"125","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of clinical investigation"}}},"pageStart":"3619","pageEnd":"3626","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI82357","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36106043"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1172/JCI82357"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26280577"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36106043"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/trying-to-conceive-after-a-pregnancy-loss-how-long-should-couples-wait-recuomrip5009uild/","name":"Trying to conceive after a pregnancy loss: how long should couples wait?","headline":"Trying to conceive after a pregnancy loss: how long should couples wait?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/trying-to-conceive-after-a-pregnancy-loss-how-long-should-couples-wait-recuomrip5009uild/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emily M Mitchell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4469-1117","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rose G Radin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6273-274X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shvetha M Zarek","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2178-6623","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}}],"datePublished":"2015-09-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"104","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"e115-e116","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.07.357","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.07.357"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/single-use-energy-sources-and-operating-room-time-for-laparoscopic-hysterectomy--recphvssgm2wmkv23/","name":"Single-Use Energy Sources and Operating Room Time for Laparoscopic Hysterectomy:  A Randomized Controlled Trial","headline":"Single-Use Energy Sources and Operating Room Time for Laparoscopic Hysterectomy:  A Randomized Controlled Trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/single-use-energy-sources-and-operating-room-time-for-laparoscopic-hysterectomy--recphvssgm2wmkv23/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary B Holloran-Schwartz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Louis University School of Medicine, Division of Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health, St. Louis, MO, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jeffrey A Gavard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0526-0314","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joanna Martin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8911-3479","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Mental Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04yy7zb66"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert Blaskiewicz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung Jr"}],"datePublished":"2015-09-01","abstract":"STUDY Objectives: To compare the intraoperative direct costs of a single-use energy device with reusable energy devices during laparoscopic hysterectomy.\nDesign: A randomized controlled trial (Canadian Task Force Classification I).\nSetting: An academic hospital.\n\nPatients: Forty-six women who underwent laparoscopic hysterectomy from March 2013 to September 2013.\n\nInterventions: Each patient served as her own control. One side of the uterine attachments was desiccated and transected with the single-use device (Ligasure 5-mm Blunt Tip LF1537 with the Force Triad generator). The other side was desiccated and transected with reusable bipolar forceps (RoBi 5 mm), and transected with monopolar scissors using the same Covidien Force Triad generator. The instrument approach used was randomized to the attending physician who was always on the patient's left side. Resident physicians always operated on the patient's right side and used the converse instruments of the attending physician. MEASUREMENTS AND\n\nMAIN Results: Start time was recorded at the utero-ovarian pedicle and end time was recorded after transection of the uterine artery on the same side. Costs included the single-use device; amortized costs of the generator, reusable instruments, and cords; cleaning and packaging of reusable instruments; and disposal of the single-use device. Operating room time was $94.14/min. We estimated that our single use-device cost $630.14 and had a total time savings of 6.7 min per case, or 3.35 min per side, which could justify the expense of the device. The single-use energy device had significant median time savings (-4.7 min per side, p < .001) and total intraoperative direct cost savings ($254.16 per case).\n\nConclusions: A single-use energy device that both desiccates and cuts significantly reduced operating room time to justify its own cost, and it also reduced total intraoperative direct costs during laparoscopic hysterectomy in our institution. Operating room cost per minute varies between institutions and must be considered before generalizing our results.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"23","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"72","pageEnd":"77","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2015.08.881","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51791584"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jmig.2015.08.881"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26318400"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q51791584"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovarian-reserve-assessment-in-users-of-oral-contraception-seeking-fertility-advi-recelpz6m8q4suswn/","name":"Ovarian reserve assessment in users of oral contraception seeking fertility  advice on their reproductive lifespan","headline":"Ovarian reserve assessment in users of oral contraception seeking fertility  advice on their reproductive lifespan","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovarian-reserve-assessment-in-users-of-oral-contraception-seeking-fertility-advi-recelpz6m8q4suswn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathrine Birch Petersen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2778-5306","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Copenhagen University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05bpbnx46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Birch Petersen K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Helene Westring Hvidman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4215-6121","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Copenhagen University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05bpbnx46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Julie Lyng Forman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7368-0869","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035b05819"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anja Pinborg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8340-104X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hvidovre Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00edrn755"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elisabeth Clare Larsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8178-1424","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Copenhagen University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05bpbnx46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K T Macklon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8830-513X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Copenhagen University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05bpbnx46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Sylvest","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5242-7346","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Copenhagen University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05bpbnx46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Nyboe Andersen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9828-1255","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Copenhagen University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05bpbnx46"}}],"datePublished":"2015-08-28","abstract":"STUDY Question: To what extent does oral contraception (OC) impair ovarian reserve parameters in women who seek fertility assessment and counselling to get advice on whether their remaining reproductive lifespan is reduced?\n\nSUMMARY ANSWER: Ovarian reserve parameters defined by anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), antral follicle count (AFC) and ovarian volume were found to be significantly decreased by 19% (95% CI 9.1-29.3%), 18% (95% CI 11.2-24.8%) and 50% (95% CI 45.1-53.7%) among OC users compared with non-users.\n\nWHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: AMH and AFC have proved to be reliable predictors of ovarian ageing. In women, AMH declines with age and data suggest a relationship with remaining reproductive lifespan and age at menopause. OC may alter parameters related to ovarian reserve assessment but the extent of the reduction is uncertain.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: A cross-sectional study of 887 women aged 19-46 attending the Fertility Assessment and Counselling Clinic (FACC) from 2011 to 2014 comparing ovarian reserve parameters in OC users with non-OC users.\n\nPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, Methods: The FAC Clinic was initiated to provide individual fertility assessment and counselling. All women were examined on a random cycle day by a fertility specialist. Consultation included; transvaginal ultrasound (AFC, ovarian volume, pathology), a full reproductive history and AMH measurement. Women were grouped into non-users and users of OC (all combinations of estrogen-progestin products and the contraceptive vaginal ring). Non-users included women with an intrauterine device (IUD) or no hormonal contraception.\n\nMAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: Of the 887 women, 244 (27.5%) used OC. In a linear regression analyses adjusted for age, ovarian volume was 50% lower (95% CI 45.1-53.7%), AMH was 19% lower (95% CI 9.1-29.3%), and AFC was 18% lower (95% CI 11.2-24.8%) in OC users compared with non-users. Comparison of AMH at values of <10 pmol/l OC was found to have a significant negative influence on AMH (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.1; 2.4, P = 0.03). Furthermore, we found a significant decrease in antral follicles sized 5-7 mm (P < 0.001) and antral follicles sized 8-10 mm (P < 0.001) but an increase in antral follicles sized 2-4 mm (P = 0.008) among OC users. The two groups (OC users versus non-users) were comparable regarding age, BMI, smoking and maternal age at menopause. LIMITATIONS, REASON FOR CAUTION: The study population comprised women attending the FAC Clinic. Recruitment was based on self-referral, which could imply a potential selection bias. Ovarian reserve was examined at a random cycle day. However, both AMH and AFC can be assessed independently of the menstrual cycle. The accuracy in predicting residual reproductive lifespan is still needed in both users and non-users of OC.\n\nWIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE Findings: OC has a major impact on the ovarian volume, and a moderate impact on AFC and AMH with a shift towards the smaller sized antral follicle subclasses. The most evident reduction occurs in the antral follicles of 5-7 and 8-10 mm with the highest number of AMH secreting granulosa cells. It is essential to be aware of the impact of OC use on ovarian reserve parameters when guiding OC users on their fertility status and reproductive lifespan.\n\nSTUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS: The FAC Clinic was established in 2011 as part of the ReproHigh collaboration. This study received funding through the Capital Region Research Fund and by EU-regional funding. There are no competing interests.\n\nTRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: The biobank connected to FAC Clinic is approved by the Scientific Ethical Committee (H-1-2011-081).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"30","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"2364","pageEnd":"2375","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dev197","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40603713"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/dev197"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26311148"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40603713"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/body-composition-and-resting-metabolic-rate-of-perimenopausal-women-using-contin-rec4f9wzafuvhwcc3/","name":"Body composition and resting metabolic rate of perimenopausal women using  continuous progestogen contraception","headline":"Body composition and resting metabolic rate of perimenopausal women using  continuous progestogen contraception","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/body-composition-and-resting-metabolic-rate-of-perimenopausal-women-using-contin-rec4f9wzafuvhwcc3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Giovanni Grandi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3567-3278","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Costantino Di Carlo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1890-5409","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Naples Federico II","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05290cv24"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Angelo Cagnacci","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2714-623X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonella Napolitano","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Federica Palma","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cecilia Romani","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Renata Zanin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02"}}],"datePublished":"2015-08-26","abstract":"Objective: The effect on body composition and in particular on fat mass (FM) of 12 months' use of a desogestrel (DSG)-only contraceptive pill or the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) was evaluated in women in the perimenopause.\n\nMethods: An observational study comprised 102 perimenopausal women: 42 received a 75 μg DSG pill, 34 received the 52 mg LNG-IUS, and 26 received no treatment. Body composition, body weight and resting metabolic rate (RMR) were evaluated at baseline and again after 12 months.\n\nResults: FM did not change in the control group (- 0.5 ± 1.6%) but significantly increased in the LNG-IUS group (+ 1.1 ± 2.9%; p = 0.02 vs. controls) and in the DSG group (+ 2.8 ± 3.5%; p = 0.0001 vs. controls; p = 0.02 vs. LNG-IUS). Women treated with DSG or the LNG-IUS showed a non-significant increase in body weight, body mass index and waist circumference. RMR did not significantly vary in the control group (- 3.8 ± 292.9 kJ/ 24 h) and tended to decrease but not significantly in the LNG-IUS (115.5 ± 531.8 kJ/ 24 h) and DSG groups (305.9 ± 556.9 kJ/24 h).\n\nConclusions: The results of this preliminary study seem to indicate that in perimenopausal women continuous use of the DSG-only pill and to a lesser extent the LNG-IUS may favour FM accumulation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care : the Official  Journal of the European Society of Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"168","pageEnd":"175","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3109/13625187.2015.1079610","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51796370"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3109/13625187.2015.1079610"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26305596"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q51796370"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulation-prevalence-in-women-with-spontaneous-normal-length-menstrual-cycles----recawzyqxx65owxhj/","name":"Ovulation Prevalence in Women with Spontaneous Normal-Length Menstrual Cycles - A  Population-Based Cohort from HUNT3, Norway","headline":"Ovulation Prevalence in Women with Spontaneous Normal-Length Menstrual Cycles - A  Population-Based Cohort from HUNT3, Norway","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulation-prevalence-in-women-with-spontaneous-normal-length-menstrual-cycles----recawzyqxx65owxhj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marit Naess","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6990-6474","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arnulf Langhammer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5296-6673","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xg72x27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Siri Forsmo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xg72x27"}}],"datePublished":"2015-08-21","abstract":"Background: Ovulatory menstrual cycles are essential for women's fertility and needed to prevent bone loss. There is a medical/cultural expectation that clinically normal menstrual cycles are inevitably ovulatory. Currently within the general population it is unknown the proportion of regular, normal-length menstrual cycles that are ovulatory. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the population point prevalence of ovulation in premenopausal, normally menstruating women. The null hypothesis was that such cycles are ovulatory.\n\nMethods: This is a single-cycle, cross-sectional, population-based study-a sub-study of the HUNT3 health study in the semi-rural county (Nord Trøndelag) in mid-Norway. Participants included >3,700 spontaneously (no hormonal contraception) menstruating women, primarily Caucasian, ages 20-49.9 from that county. Participation rate was 51.9%. All reported the date previous flow started. A single, random serum progesterone level was considered ovulatory if ≥9.54 nmol/L on cycle days 14 to -3 days before usual cycle length (CL).\n\nResults: Ovulation was assessed in 3,168 women mean age 41.7 (interquartile range, [IQR] 36.8 to 45.5), cycle length 28 days (d) (IQR 28 to 28) and body mass index (BMI) 26.3 kg/m2 (95% CI 26.1 to 26.4). Parity was 95.6%, 30% smoked, 61.3% exercised regularly and 18% were obese. 1,545 women with a serum progesterone level on cycle days 14 to -3 were presumed to be in the luteal phase. Of these, 63.3% of women had an ovulatory cycle (n = 978) and 37% (n = 567) were anovulatory. Women with/ without ovulation did not differ in age, BMI, cycle day, menarche age, cigarette use, physical activity, % obesity or self-reported health. There were minimal differences in parity (96.7% vs. 94.5%, P = 0.04) and major differences in progesterone level (24.5 vs. 3.8 nmol/L, P = 0.001).\n\nConclusion: Anovulation in a random population occurs in over a third of clinically normal menstrual cycles.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"PloS One"}}},"pageStart":"e0134473","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0134473","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35751241"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1371/journal.pone.0134473"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26291617"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35751241"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/practice-bulletin-summary-no-152-emergency-contraception-rec28s0zqdmkvghdn/","name":"Practice Bulletin Summary No. 152: Emergency Contraception","headline":"Practice Bulletin Summary No. 152: Emergency Contraception","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/practice-bulletin-summary-no-152-emergency-contraception-rec28s0zqdmkvghdn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"ACOG","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7450-1543","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen"}}],"datePublished":"2015-08-20","abstract":"Emergency contraception, also known as postcoital contraception, is therapy used to prevent pregnancy after an unprotected or inadequately protected act of sexual intercourse. Common indications for emergency contraception include contraceptive failure (eg, condom breakage or missed doses of oral contraceptives) and failure to use any form of contraception (1-3). Although oral emergency contraception was first described in the medical literature in the 1960s, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the first dedicated product for emergency contraception in 1998. Since then, several new products have been introduced. Methods of emergency contraception include oral administration of combined estrogen-progestin, progestin only, or selective progesterone receptor modulators and insertion of a copper intrauterine device (IUD). Many women are unaware of the existence of emergency contraception, misunderstand its use and safety, or do not use it when a need arises (4-6). The purpose of this Practice Bulletin is to review the evidence for the efficacy and safety of available methods of emergency contraception and to increase awareness of these methods among obstetrician-gynecologists and other gynecologic providers.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"126","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"685","pageEnd":"686","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/01.AOG.0000471179.25809.d8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q85930043"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/01.AOG.0000471179.25809.d8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26287780"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q85930043"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pain-typology-and-incident-endometriosis-reck31qmqawbpw3ao/","name":"Pain typology and incident endometriosis","headline":"Pain typology and incident endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pain-typology-and-incident-endometriosis-reck31qmqawbpw3ao/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Matthew Peterson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4644-602X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhian Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6423-105X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Erica Johnstone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3382-3500","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Howard T Sharp","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Buck Louis GM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ahmad Hammoud","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7581-9024","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lei Sun","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5260-0600","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Germaine M Buck Louis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1774-4490","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}}],"datePublished":"2015-08-14","abstract":"STUDY QUESTION: What are the pain characteristics among women, with no prior endometriosis diagnosis, undergoing laparoscopy or laparotomy regardless of clinical indication?\n\nSUMMARY ANSWER: Women with surgically visualized endometriosis reported the highest chronic/cyclic pain and significantly greater dyspareunia, dysmenorrhea, and dyschezia compared with women with other gynecologic pathology (including uterine fibroids, pelvic adhesions, benign ovarian cysts, neoplasms and congenital Müllerian anomalies) or a normal pelvis.\n\nWHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Prior research has shown that various treatments for pain associated with endometriosis can be effective, making identification of specific pain characteristics in relation to endometriosis necessary for informing disease diagnosis and management.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: The study population for these analyses includes the ENDO Study (2007-2009) operative cohort: 473 women, ages 18-44 years, who underwent a diagnostic and/or therapeutic laparoscopy or laparotomy at one of 14 surgical centers located in Salt Lake City, UT or San Francisco, CA. Women with a history of surgically confirmed endometriosis were excluded.\n\nPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING AND\n\nMETHODS: Endometriosis was defined as surgically visualized disease; staging was based on revised American Society for Reproductive Medicine (rASRM) criteria. All women completed a computer-assisted personal interview at baseline specifying 17 types of pain (rating severity via 11-point visual analog scale) and identifying any of 35 perineal and 60 full-body front and 60 full-body back sites for which they experienced pain in the last 6 months.\n\nMAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: There was a high prevalence (≥30%) of chronic and cyclic pelvic pain reported by the entire study cohort regardless of post-operative diagnosis. However, women with a post-operative endometriosis diagnosis, compared with women diagnosed with other gynecologic disorders or a normal pelvis, reported more cyclic pelvic pain (49.5% versus 31.0% and 33.1%, P < 0.001). Additionally, women with endometriosis compared with women with a normal pelvis experienced more chronic pain (44.2 versus 30.2%, P = 0.04). Deep pain with intercourse, cramping with periods, and pain with bowel elimination were much more likely reported in women with versus without endometriosis (all P < 0.002). A higher percentage of women diagnosed with endometriosis compared with women with a normal pelvis reported vaginal (22.6 versus 10.3%, P < 0.01), right labial (18.4 versus 8.1%, P < 0.05) and left labial pain (15.3 versus 3.7%, P < 0.01) along with pain in the right/left hypogastric and umbilical abdominopelvic regions (P < 0.05 for all). Among women with endometriosis, no clear and consistent patterns emerged regarding pain characteristics and endometriosis staging or anatomic location.\n\nLIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: Interpretation of our findings requires caution given that we were limited in our assessment of pain characteristics by endometriosis staging and anatomic location due to the majority of women having minimal (stage I) disease (56%) and lesions in peritoneum-only location (51%). Significance tests for pain topology related to gynecologic pathology were not corrected for multiple comparisons.\n\nWIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: Results of our research suggest that while women with endometriosis appear to have higher pelvic pain, particularly dyspareunia, dysmenorrhea, dyschezia and pain in the vaginal and abdominopelvic area than women with other gynecologic disorders or a normal pelvis, pelvic pain is commonly reported among women undergoing laparoscopy, even among women with no identified gynecologic pathology. Future research should explore causes of pelvic pain among women who seek out gynecologic care but with no apparent gynecologic pathology. Given our and other's research showing little correlation between pelvic pain and rASRM staging among women with endometriosis, further development and use of a classification system that can better predict outcomes for endometriosis patients with pelvic pain for both surgical and nonsurgical treatment is needed.\n\nSTUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS: Supported by the Intramural Research Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (contracts NO1-DK-6-3428, NO1-DK-6-3427, and 10001406-02). The authors have no potential competing interests.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"30","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"2427","pageEnd":"2438","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dev147","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36069273"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/dev147"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26269529"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36069273"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/myo-inositol-supplementation-for-prevention-of-gestational-diabetes-in-obese-pre-recjbakbcrojlfbnl/","name":"Myo-inositol Supplementation for Prevention of Gestational Diabetes in Obese  Pregnant Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial","headline":"Myo-inositol Supplementation for Prevention of Gestational Diabetes in Obese  Pregnant Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/myo-inositol-supplementation-for-prevention-of-gestational-diabetes-in-obese-pre-recjbakbcrojlfbnl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonino DI Benedetto","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4093-5655","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Angelo Santamaria","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0069-7445","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elisabetta Petrella","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8306-8005","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Isabella Neri","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4019-7373","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Basilio Pintaudi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5657-5183","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Francesco Corrado","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7461-5372","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fabio Facchinetti","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4694-9564","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rosario D'Anna","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4655-5071","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Messina, Italy.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria Lieta Interdonato","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Angela Scilipoti","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}}],"datePublished":"2015-08-05","abstract":"Objective: To evaluate whether myo-inositol supplementation, an insulin sensitizer, reduces the rate of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and lowers insulin resistance in obese pregnant women.\n\nMethods: In an open-label, randomized trial, myo-inositol (2 g plus 200 micrograms folic acid twice a day) or placebo (200 micrograms folic acid twice a day) was administered from the first trimester to delivery in pregnant obese women (prepregnancy body mass index 30 or greater. We calculated that 101 women in each arm would be required to demonstrate a 65% GDM reduction in the myo-inositol group with a statistical power of 80% (α=0.05). The primary outcomes were the incidence of GDM and the change in insulin resistance from enrollment until the diagnostic oral glucose tolerance test.\n\nResults: From January 2011 to April 2014, 220 pregnant women at 12-13 weeks of gestation were randomized at two Italian university hospitals, 110 to myo-inositol and 110 to placebo. Most characteristics were similar between groups. The GDM rate was significantly reduced in the myo-inositol group compared with the control group, 14.0% compared with 33.6%, respectively (P=.001; odds ratio 0.34, 95% confidence interval 0.17-0.68). Furthermore, women treated with myo-inositol showed a significantly greater reduction in the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance compared with the control group, -1.0±3.1 compared with 0.1±1.8 (P=.048).\n\nConclusion: Myo-inositol supplementation, started in the first trimester, in obese pregnant women seems to reduce the incidence in GDM through a reduction of insulin resistance.\n\nCLINICAL Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, www.clinicaltrials.gov, NCT01047982.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"126","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"310","pageEnd":"315","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0000000000000958","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41515750"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/AOG.0000000000000958"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26241420"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41515750"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-role-of-kisspeptin-in-the-onset-of-puberty-and-in-the-ovulatory-mechanism-a--rec6beu1p1rlpdzq4/","name":"The Role of Kisspeptin in the Onset of Puberty and in the Ovulatory Mechanism: A  Mini-review","headline":"The Role of Kisspeptin in the Onset of Puberty and in the Ovulatory Mechanism: A  Mini-review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-role-of-kisspeptin-in-the-onset-of-puberty-and-in-the-ovulatory-mechanism-a--rec6beu1p1rlpdzq4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Manuel E Cortés","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0845-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x0xhn70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hernán Rioseco","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1175-1718","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Juan Pablo Del Río","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3126-0745","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Millennium Science Initiative","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01c080z51"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pablo del Río J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"BÁrbara Carrera","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2668-7640","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Reproductive Health Research Institute, Biomedical Division, Santiago, Chile."}}],"datePublished":"2015-08-02","abstract":"The onset of puberty has been a fascinating topic for reproductive endocrinologists for decades; however, its underlying physiological mechanisms have remained elusive until recently. The discovery and understanding of the effects exerted by the peptide hormone kisspeptin have shed light on this research area. This review is aimed to discuss the functions of kisspeptin, with special focus on its role in the onset of puberty and in the ovulatory mechanism. The points under discussion are (1) the characteristics of kisspeptin and its receptor, (2) the relevance of this hormone and its interaction with leptin in the onset of puberty, (3) the role of kisspeptin in the ovulatory mechanism based on its differential expression at hypothalamic nuclei, which is modulated by sex steroid hormones, and (4) the clinical relevance of kisspeptin and its antagonists in new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of various reproductive pathologies. All of this explains the revolution that kisspeptin has caused among researchers working in the field of gynecological endocrinology and reproductive biology.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"28","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"286","pageEnd":"291","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpag.2014.09.017","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38558584"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jpag.2014.09.017"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26231608"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38558584"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-influence-of-contraception-abortion-and-natural-family-planning-on-divorce-rates-as-found-in-the-2006-2010-national-survey-of-family-growth-reckih130ejod4h2q/","name":"The influence of contraception, abortion, and natural family planning on divorce rates as found in the 2006-2010 National Survey of Family Growth","headline":"The influence of contraception, abortion, and natural family planning on divorce rates as found in the 2006-2010 National Survey of Family Growth","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-influence-of-contraception-abortion-and-natural-family-planning-on-divorce-rates-as-found-in-the-2006-2010-national-survey-of-family-growth-reckih130ejod4h2q/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}}],"datePublished":"2015-08-01","abstract":"The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of contraception, abortion, and natural family planning (NFP) on divorce rates of US women of reproductive age. The variables of importance of religion and frequency of church attendance were also included in the analysis. The study involved 5,530 reproductive age women in the (2006-2010) National Survey of Family Growth who indicate that they were ever married. Among the women who ever used NFP only 9.6 percent were currently divorced compared with the 14.4 percent who were currently divorced among the women who never used NFP (x (2) = 5.34, P < 0.21). Odds ratio analysis indicated that ever having an abortion, sterilization, and/or methods of contraception increased the likelihood of divorce - up to two times. Frequency of church attendance decreased the risk of divorce. Although there is less divorce among NFP users the reason might be due to their religiosity. Lay summary: Providers of natural family planning (NFP) frequently mention that couples who practice NFP have fewer divorces compared to couples who use contraception. Evidence for this comment is weak. This study utilized a large data set of 5,530 reproductive age women to determine the influence that contraception, sterilization, abortion, and NFP has on divorce rates. Among the women participants who ever used NFP only 9.6 percent were currently divorced compared with the 14.4 percent who used methods of contraception, sterilization or abortion as a family planning method. Frequency of church attendance also reduced the likelihood of divorce.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"82","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"273","pageEnd":"282","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1179/2050854915Y.0000000007","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35953818"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1179/2050854915Y.0000000007"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26912935"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35953818"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/influence-of-a-specialized-trigonella-foenumgraecum-seed-extract-libifem-on-test-deeiflpz/","name":"Influence of a Specialized Trigonella foenum-graecum Seed Extract (Libifem), on Testosterone, Estradiol and Sexual Function in Healthy Menstruating Women, a Randomised Placebo Controlled Study","headline":"Influence of a Specialized Trigonella foenum-graecum Seed Extract (Libifem), on Testosterone, Estradiol and Sexual Function in Healthy Menstruating Women, a Randomised Placebo Controlled Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/influence-of-a-specialized-trigonella-foenumgraecum-seed-extract-libifem-on-test-deeiflpz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rao A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Steels E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Beccaria G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Inder WJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vitetta L"}],"datePublished":"2015-08-01","abstract":"The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek) seed extract on sex hormones and sexual function in healthy menstruating women who reported low sexual drive. This short term, single site, double blind, randomised, placebo-controlled study was conducted on 80 women, aged 20 to 49 years. Participants were randomised to either an oral dose of a standardised T. foenum-graecum seed extract (libifem) at a dose of 600 mg/day or placebo over two menstrual cycles. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, progesterone, androstenedione, total and free testosterone, estradiol (E2), luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, sex hormone binding globulin and cholesterol were measured at baseline and 8 weeks. The individual aspects of sexual function were measured using the Derogatis interview for sexual functioning and female sexual function index self-administered questionnaires. Stress, fatigue and quality of the relationship with partner were also measured using the PSS (Perceived Stress Scale), MFI-20 (Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory) and DAS (Dyadic Adjustment Scale) quality of life measures, respectively. There was a significant increase in free testosterone and E2 in the active group as well as sexual desire and arousal compared with the placebo group. The results indicate that this extract of T. foenum-graecum may be a useful treatment for increasing sexual arousal and desire in women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"29","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Phytotherapy research : PTR"}}},"pageStart":"1123","pageEnd":"30","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.5355","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48039888"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/ptr.5355"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25914334"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q48039888"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-recent-review-of-the-genitourinary-syndrome-of-menopause-frnuybxd/","name":"The Recent Review of the Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause","headline":"The Recent Review of the Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-recent-review-of-the-genitourinary-syndrome-of-menopause-frnuybxd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kim HK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kang SY"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chung YJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hye Jun Kim","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5062-1222","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Seoul National University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kim MR"}],"datePublished":"2015-08-01","abstract":"The genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) is a new term that describes various menopausal symptoms and signs including not only genital symptoms (dryness, burning, and irritation), and sexual symptoms (lack of lubrication, discomfort or pain, and impaired function, but also urinary symptoms (urgency, dysuria, and recurrent urinary tract infections). The terms vulvovaginal atrophy and atrophic vaginitis, which were generally used until recently, had a limitation because they did not cover the full spectrum of symptoms and did not imply that the symptoms are related to a decreased estrogen level in menopause. Since the GSM may have a profound negative impact on the quality of life of postmenopausal women, women should be made aware of these problems and treated with an appropriate effective therapy. Thus, in this review we introduce new terminology and discuss the importance of comprehension of GSM and the necessity of active treatment of this syndrome in postmenopausal women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of menopausal medicine"}}},"pageStart":"65","pageEnd":"71","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.6118/jmm.2015.21.2.65","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26781733"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.6118/jmm.2015.21.2.65"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26357643"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q26781733"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pmid-26770156-trgadlhw/","name":"Nothing Boring About Boron","headline":"Nothing Boring About Boron","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pmid-26770156-trgadlhw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Pizzorno L"}],"datePublished":"2015-08-01","abstract":"The trace mineral boron is a micronutrient with diverse and vitally important roles in metabolism that render it necessary for plant, animal, and human health, and as recent research suggests, possibly for the evolution of life on Earth. As the current article shows, boron has been proven to be an important trace mineral because it (1) is essential for the growth and maintenance of bone; (2) greatly improves wound healing; (3) beneficially impacts the body's use of estrogen, testosterone, and vitamin D; (4) boosts magnesium absorption; (5) reduces levels of inflammatory biomarkers, such as high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α); (6) raises levels of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione peroxidase; (7) protects against pesticide-induced oxidative stress and heavy-metal toxicity; (8) improves the brains electrical activity, cognitive performance, and short-term memory for elders; (9) influences the formation and activity of key biomolecules, such as S-adenosyl methionine (SAM-e) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)); (10) has demonstrated preventive and therapeutic effects in a number of cancers, such as prostate, cervical, and lung cancers, and multiple and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma; and (11) may help ameliorate the adverse effects of traditional chemotherapeutic agents. In none of the numerous studies conducted to date, however, do boron's beneficial effects appear at intakes > 3 mg/d. No estimated average requirements (EARs) or dietary reference intakes (DRIs) have been set for boron-only an upper intake level (UL) of 20 mg/d for individuals aged ≥ 18 y. The absence of studies showing harm in conjunction with the substantial number of articles showing benefits support the consideration of boron supplementation of 3 mg/d for any individual who is consuming a diet lacking in fruits and vegetables or who is at risk for or has osteopenia; osteoporosis; osteoarthritis (OA); or breast, prostate, or lung cancer.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Integrative medicine (Encinitas, Calif.)"}}},"pageStart":"35","pageEnd":"48","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26771927","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26770156"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q26771927"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recurrence-of-endometriosis-risk-factors-mechanisms-and-biomarkers-vls71tsn/","name":"Recurrence of endometriosis: risk factors, mechanisms and biomarkers","headline":"Recurrence of endometriosis: risk factors, mechanisms and biomarkers","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recurrence-of-endometriosis-risk-factors-mechanisms-and-biomarkers-vls71tsn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Gürkan Bozdağ","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6679-9623","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility Unit, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey."}}],"datePublished":"2015-08-01","abstract":"While the incidence of endometriosis is up to 40-60% in women with severe dysmenorrhea/chronic pelvic pain, patients with subfertility carries a risk up to 20-30%. In symptomatic patients, although medical therapy is preferred in women with endometriosis, surgery might be needed in nonresponders or patients with an endometrioma. Following the surgery, recurrence of the disease and/or symptoms might be still noticed which will progressively increase as times goes by. Nevertheless, some risk factors have been identified for the risk of recurrence that decreases the success of the procedure. Those risk factors might be classified as patient-disease related and surgery-associated variables. Herein, we will address about the management of endometriosis regarding the risk factors for relapse, mechanisms of recurrence and potential biomarkers to predict the event.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Women's health (London, England)"}}},"pageStart":"693","pageEnd":"9","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.2217/whe.15.56","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38599912"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2217/whe.15.56"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26439119"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38599912"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-abstinence-and-coital-frequency-between-2-natural-methods-of-famil-reck0uxcmld5fy9bz/","name":"Comparison of Abstinence and Coital Frequency Between 2 Natural Methods of Family  Planning","headline":"Comparison of Abstinence and Coital Frequency Between 2 Natural Methods of Family  Planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-abstinence-and-coital-frequency-between-2-natural-methods-of-famil-reck0uxcmld5fy9bz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Schneider","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8090-4971","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}}],"datePublished":"2015-08-01","abstract":"Introduction: The length of periodic abstinence, due to overestimation of the fertile phase of the menstrual cycle, is often a cause for dissatisfaction, discontinuation, and user error with natural family planning (NFP) methods. The objective of this research was to compare the length of required abstinence (ie, estimated fertility) and coital frequency between 2 NFP methods.\n\nMethods: This was an analysis of data from a 12-month prospective comparison study in which participants were randomized into either an electronic hormonal fertility monitor (EHFM) group or a cervical mucus monitoring (CMM) group-both of which included a fertility algorithm as a double check for the beginning and end of the estimated fertile window. The number of days of estimated fertility and coitus was extracted from each menstrual cycle of data, and t tests were used to compare the means of these 2 variables between the 2 NFP methods.\n\nResults: The study involved 197 women (mean [SD] age 29.7 [5.4]) who used the EHFM to estimate the fertile window and 160 women (mean [SD] age 30.4 [5.3]) who used CMM to estimate the fertile window. They produced 1,669 menstrual cycles of data. After 12 months of use, the EHFM group had statistically fewer days of estimated fertility than the CMM group (mean [SD] days, 13.25 [2.79] vs 13.68 [2.99], respectively; t = 2.07; P = .039) and significantly more coitus (mean [SD] coital acts, 4.22 [3.16] vs 4.05 [2.88], respectively; t = 1.17; P = .026).\n\nDISCUSSION: The use of the EHFM seems to provide more objectivity and confidence in self-estimating the fertile window and using nonfertile days for intercourse when avoiding pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"59","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health"}}},"pageStart":"528","pageEnd":"532","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/jmwh.12216","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40676237"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/jmwh.12216"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26227903"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40676237"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/steroidal-contraceptives-and-bone-fractures-in-women-evidence-from-observational-studies-recqm2ygtfvwpzbrd/","name":"Steroidal contraceptives and bone fractures in women: evidence from observational  studies","headline":"Steroidal contraceptives and bone fractures in women: evidence from observational  studies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/steroidal-contraceptives-and-bone-fractures-in-women-evidence-from-observational-studies-recqm2ygtfvwpzbrd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Michelle Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8145-7269","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Family Health International 360","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007kp6q87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mullins Long S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarah Long","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Family Health International 360","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007kp6q87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathryn M Curtis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5892-3786","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042twtr12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Frans M Helmerhorst","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Leiden University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xvt9f17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laureen M Lopez","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Family Health International 360","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007kp6q87"}}],"datePublished":"2015-07-22","abstract":"Background: Age-related decline in bone mass increases the risk of skeletal fractures, especially those of the hip, spine, and wrist. Steroidal contraceptives have been associated with changes in bone mineral density in women. Whether such changes affect the risk of fractures later in life is unclear. Hormonal contraceptives are among the most effective and most widely-used contraceptives. Concern about fractures may limit the use of these effective contraceptives. Observational studies can collect data on premenopausal contraceptive use as well as fracture incidence later in life.\n\nObjectives: We systematically reviewed the evidence from observational studies of hormonal contraceptive use for contraception and the risk of fracture in women. SEARCH\n\nMethods: Through June 2015, we searched for observational studies. The databases included PubMed, POPLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), LILACS, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Web of Science. We also searched for recent clinical trials through ClinicalTrials.gov and the ICTRP. For other studies, we examined reference lists of relevant articles and wrote to investigators for additional reports.\nSelection Criteria: We included cohort and case-control studies of hormonal contraceptive use. Interventions included comparisons of a hormonal contraceptive with a non-hormonal contraceptive, no contraceptive, or another hormonal contraceptive. The primary outcome was the risk of fracture.\nData Collection and Analysis: Two authors independently extracted the data. One author entered the data into RevMan, and a second author verified accuracy. We examined the quality of evidence using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS), developed for case-control and cohort studies. Sensitivity analysis included studies of moderate or high quality based on our assessment with the NOS.Given the need to control for confounding factors in observational studies, we used adjusted estimates from the models as reported by the authors. Where we did not have adjusted analyses, we calculated the odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Due to varied study designs, we did not conduct meta-analysis.\n\nMAIN Results: We included 14 studies (7 case-control and 7 cohort studies). These examined oral contraceptives (OCs), depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA), and the hormonal intrauterine device (IUD). This section focuses on the sensitivity analysis with six studies that provided moderate or high quality evidence.All six studies examined oral contraceptive use. We noted few associations with fracture risk. One cohort study reported OC ever-users had increased risk for all fractures (RR 1.20, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.34). However, a case-control study with later data from a subset reported no association except for those with 10 years or more since use (OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.03 to 2.33). Another case-control study reported increased risk only for those who had 10 or more prescriptions (OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.16). A cohort study of postmenopausal women found no increased fracture risk for OC use after excluding women with prior fracture. Two other studies found little evidence of association between OC use and fracture risk. A cohort study noted increased risk for subgroups, such as those with longer use or specific intervals since use. A case-control study reported increased risk for any fracture only among young women with less than average use.Two case-control studies also examined progestin-only contraceptives. One reported increased fracture risk for DMPA ever-use (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.01 to 2.06), more than four years of use (OR 2.16, 95% CI 1.32 to 3.53), and women over 50 years old. The other reported increased risk for any past use, including one or two prescriptions (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.29) and for current use of 3 to 9 prescriptions (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.15 to 1.60) or 10 or more (OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.33 to 1.78). For the levonorgestrel-releasing IUD, one study reported reduced fracture risk for ever-use (OR 0.75, 95% CI 0.64 to 0.87) and for longer use. AUTHORS'\n\nConclusions: Observational studies do not indicate an overall association between oral contraceptive use and fracture risk. Some reported increased risk for specific user subgroups. DMPA users may have an increased fracture risk. One study indicated hormonal IUD use may be associated with decreased risk. Observational studies need adjusted analysis because the comparison groups usually differ. Investigators should be clear about the variables examined in multivariate analysis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2015","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"}}},"pageStart":"CD009849","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD009849.pub3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24186379"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/14651858.CD009849.pub3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26195091"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q24186379"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/development-and-initial-validation-of-a-fertility-experiences-questionnaire-recvq6s6dnabpgu06/","name":"Development and initial validation of a fertility experiences questionnaire","headline":"Development and initial validation of a fertility experiences questionnaire","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/development-and-initial-validation-of-a-fertility-experiences-questionnaire-recvq6s6dnabpgu06/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Frank Thomas","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Utah Department of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/034de1n65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jessica N Sanders","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4487-1997","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mark Gibson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0657-5166","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Vermont","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0155zta11"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christina A Porucznik","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1973-2917","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S E Simonsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-7671","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shawn E Gurtcheff","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Utah Fertility Center, 1446 W. Pleasant Grove Blvd, 84062, Pleasant Grove, UT, USA."}}],"datePublished":"2015-07-17","abstract":"Background: Many women throughout the world have history of subfertility (resolved or unresolved), but much remains unknown about services and treatments chosen.\n\nMethods: We developed a mixed-mode fertility experiences questionnaire (FEQ) in 2009 through literature review and iterative pilot work to optimize question format and mode of administration. The focus of the FEQ is to collect data retrospectively on time at risk for pregnancy, fertility treatments received and declined, pregnancy, time to pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes. We conducted a validation of key elements of the FEQ with comparison to medical records in 2009 and 2010. The validation sample was selected from women initially seen at a specialized fertility treatment center in Utah in 2004.\n\nResults: The FEQ was optimized with two components: 1) written (paper or web-based), self-administered, followed by 2) telephoneadministered questions. In 63 patients analyzed, high levels of correlation were identified between patient self-report and medical records for the use of intrauterine insemination and assisted reproductive technology, pregnancy and live birth histories, time at risk for pregnancy and time to pregnancy. There was low correlation between medical records and self-report for the use of oral ovulation drugs and injectable ovulation drugs. Compared to the medical record, the FEQ was over 90% sensitive for all elements, except injectable ovulation drugs (70% sensitivity).\n\nConclusions: The FEQ accurately captured elements of fertility treatment history at 5-6 years after the first visit to a specialty clinic.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproductive health"}},"pageStart":"62","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-015-0054-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35857666"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s12978-015-0054-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26184507"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35857666"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/herbal-medicines-use-during-pregnancy-a-review-from-the-middle-east-recmoild2d4gvy0v5/","name":"Herbal Medicines Use During Pregnancy: A Review from the Middle East","headline":"Herbal Medicines Use During Pregnancy: A Review from the Middle East","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/herbal-medicines-use-during-pregnancy-a-review-from-the-middle-east-recmoild2d4gvy0v5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisha J John","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6329-4737","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Pharmacology, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02kaerj47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nisha Shantakumari","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1140-599X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Physiology, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates."}}],"datePublished":"2015-07-15","abstract":"The prevalence of the herbal medicines use is on the rise across the world, especially amongst pregnant women. The scenario in the Middle Eastern region was reviewed to explore the prevalence, usage pattern, motivation, and attitude towards use of herbal medicine by pregnant women. Literature published up to December 2012 showed the prevalence of herbal medicine use varied between 22.3-82.3%, implying a rising trend in the utilization of herbal medicine during pregnancy. The most common herbs used were peppermint, ginger, thyme, chamomile, sage, aniseed, fenugreek, and green tea. The most common reasons for use included the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders and cold and flu symptoms. The majority of women used these products during their first trimester, and did not reveal this information to their physician. Most women were advised by family and friends to use herbal medicines and believed they were more effective and had fewer side effects than modern medicine especially during pregnancy. In conclusion, the use of herbal medicine is prevalent among pregnant women in the Middle Eastern region and healthcare providers need to seek information pertaining to their use.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"30","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Oman Medical Journal"}}},"pageStart":"229","pageEnd":"236","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.5001/omj.2015.48","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26781073"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.5001/omj.2015.48"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q26781073"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-treatments-and-adverse-perinatal-outcomes-in-a-population-based-sampli-rec9u2zrqqgyuipxq/","name":"Fertility treatments and adverse perinatal outcomes in a population-based sampling of births in Florida, Maryland, and Utah: a cross-sectional study","headline":"Fertility treatments and adverse perinatal outcomes in a population-based sampling of births in Florida, Maryland, and Utah: a cross-sectional study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-treatments-and-adverse-perinatal-outcomes-in-a-population-based-sampli-rec9u2zrqqgyuipxq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Stanford Jb","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Baksh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8047-3622","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Utah Department of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/034de1n65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S E Simonsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-7671","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2015-07-08","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To investigate perinatal outcomes associated with fertility treatments, including assisted reproductive technology (ART), intrauterine insemination with ovulation stimulation (IUI), and ovulation stimulation alone (OS).\n\nDESIGN: Population-representative cross-sectional survey of women with live births, 2004-2008.\n\nSETTING: Florida, Maryland, and Utah, USA.\n\nSAMPLE: 21 803 women, weighted to represent 1 022 597 women.\n\nMETHODS: Survey and birth certificate data were analysed with logistic regression models adjusted for age, education, race, income, and parity, using separate models for singletons and all births. We used two referent groups: (1) women who never used fertility treatment and (2) subfertile women conceiving without treatment.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Preterm birth (<37 weeks), very preterm birth (<34 weeks), low birthweight (<2500 g), and very low birthweight (<1500 g).\n\nRESULTS: Referent group 1: In singletons, ART was associated with preterm birth (OR 3.28; 95% CI 1.74, 6.20) and low birthweight (OR 2.91; 95% CI 1.99, 4.26). OS was also associated with low birthweight (OR 1.62; 95% CI 1.19, 2.19). Including all births, treatment was associated with preterm birth and low birthweight: ART (OR 6.21; 95% CI 4.21, 9.16 and OR 6.51; 95% CI 4.85, 8.73); IUI (OR 2.10; 95% CI 1.24, 3.56 and OR 2.41; 95% CI 1.54, 3.76); OS (OR 1.40; 95% CI 1.01, 1.94 and OR 2.10; 95% CI 1.60, 2.75), respectively. Referent group 2: ART was associated with both outcomes in all births, but not singletons.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Preterm birth and low birthweight associated with fertility treatments are largely attributable to multiple gestation, but are also related to underlying subfertility.\n\nTWEETABLE ABSTRACT: Preterm birth is associated with subfertility, and with fertility treatments through multiple gestation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"123","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BJOG : an International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"718","pageEnd":"729","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.13510","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40764502"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/1471-0528.13510"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26148540"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40764502"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/herbal-medicines-use-during-pregnancy-a-review-from-the-middle-east-reczrngopp0rvngrj/","name":"Herbal Medicines Use During Pregnancy: A Review from the Middle East","headline":"Herbal Medicines Use During Pregnancy: A Review from the Middle East","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/herbal-medicines-use-during-pregnancy-a-review-from-the-middle-east-reczrngopp0rvngrj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"G Pinn","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"London Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052cecc97"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Linda Pallett","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nambour General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04wbsx459"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisha J John","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6329-4737","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Pharmacology, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02kaerj47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nisha Shantakumari","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1140-599X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Physiology, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates."}}],"datePublished":"2015-07-01","abstract":"The prevalence of the herbal medicines use is on the rise across the world, especially amongst pregnant women. The scenario in the Middle Eastern region was reviewed to explore the prevalence, usage pattern, motivation, and attitude towards use of herbal medicine by pregnant women. Literature published up to December 2012 showed the prevalence of herbal medicine use varied between 22.3-82.3%, implying a rising trend in the utilization of herbal medicine during pregnancy. The most common herbs used were peppermint, ginger, thyme, chamomile, sage, aniseed, fenugreek, and green tea. The most common reasons for use included the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders and cold and flu symptoms. The majority of women used these products during their first trimester, and did not reveal this information to their physician. Most women were advised by family and friends to use herbal medicines and believed they were more effective and had fewer side effects than modern medicine especially during pregnancy. In conclusion, the use of herbal medicine is prevalent among pregnant women in the Middle Eastern region and healthcare providers need to seek information pertaining to their use.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Complementary Therapies in Nursing and Midwifery"}}},"pageStart":"77","pageEnd":"80","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1054/ctnm.2001.0620","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1054/ctnm.2001.0620"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26366255"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptive-pill-use-is-associated-with-localized-decreases-in-cortical-t-brlllhkg/","name":"Oral contraceptive pill use is associated with localized decreases in cortical thickness","headline":"Oral contraceptive pill use is associated with localized decreases in cortical thickness","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptive-pill-use-is-associated-with-localized-decreases-in-cortical-t-brlllhkg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"N. Petersen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Endometriosis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01q5m4507"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Touroutoglou A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andreano JM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cahill L"}],"datePublished":"2015-07-01","abstract":"Oral contraceptive pills (OCs), which are used to prevent pregnancy by the majority of women in the United States, contain steroid hormones that may affect the brain's structure and function. In this investigation, we tested the hypothesis that OC use is associated with differences in brain structure using a hypothesis-driven, surface-based approach. In 90 women, (44 OC users, 46 naturally-cycling women), we compared the cortical thickness of brain regions that participate in the salience network and the default mode network, as well as the volume of subcortical regions in these networks. We found that OC use was associated with significantly lower cortical thickness measurements in the lateral orbitofrontal cortex and the posterior cingulate cortex. These regions are believed to be important for responding to rewards and evaluating internal states/incoming stimuli, respectively. Further investigations are needed to determine if cortical thinning in these regions are associated with behavioral changes, and also to identify whether OC use is causally or only indirectly related to these changes in brain morphology.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"36","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human brain mapping"}}},"pageStart":"2644","pageEnd":"54","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.22797","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35772682"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/hbm.22797"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25832993"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35772682"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vitamin-b12-status-differs-among-pregnant-lactating-and-control-women-with-equiv-td4e7vh9/","name":"Vitamin B-12 Status Differs among Pregnant, Lactating, and Control Women with Equivalent Nutrient Intakes","headline":"Vitamin B-12 Status Differs among Pregnant, Lactating, and Control Women with Equivalent Nutrient Intakes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vitamin-b12-status-differs-among-pregnant-lactating-and-control-women-with-equiv-td4e7vh9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bae S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"West AA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yan J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jiang X","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6824-283X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Perry CA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Malysheva O"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stabler SP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Allen RH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Caudill MA"}],"datePublished":"2015-07-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Limited data are available from controlled studies on biomarkers of maternal vitamin B-12 status.\n\nOBJECTIVE: We sought to quantify the effects of pregnancy and lactation on the vitamin B-12 status response to a known and highly controlled vitamin B-12 intake.\n\nMETHODS: As part of a 10-12 wk feeding trial, pregnant (26-29 wk gestation; n = 26), lactating (5 wk postpartum; n = 28), and control (nonpregnant, nonlactating; n = 21) women consumed vitamin B-12 amounts of ∼8.6 μg/d [mixed diet (∼6 μg/d) plus a prenatal multivitamin supplement (2.6 μg/d)]. Serum vitamin B-12, holotranscobalamin (bioactive form of vitamin B-12), methylmalonic acid (MMA), and homocysteine were measured at baseline and study-end.\n\nRESULTS: All participants achieved adequate vitamin B-12 status in response to the study dose. Compared with control women, pregnant women had lower serum vitamin B-12 (-21%; P = 0.02) at study-end, whereas lactating women had higher (P = 0.04) serum vitamin B-12 throughout the study (+26% at study-end). Consumption of the study vitamin B-12 dose increased serum holotranscobalamin in all reproductive groups (+16-42%; P ≤ 0.009). At study-end, pregnant (vs. control) women had a higher holotranscobalamin-to-vitamin B-12 ratio (P = 0.04) with ∼30% (vs. 20%) of total vitamin B-12 in the bioactive form. Serum MMA increased during pregnancy (+50%; P < 0.001) but did not differ by reproductive state at study-end. Serum homocysteine increased in pregnant women (+15%; P = 0.009) but decreased in control and lactating women (-16-17%; P < 0.001). Despite these changes, pregnant women had ∼20% lower serum homocysteine than the other 2 groups at study-end (P ≤ 0.02).\n\nCONCLUSION: Pregnancy and lactation alter vitamin B-12 status in a manner consistent with enhanced vitamin B-12 supply to the child. Consumption of the study vitamin B-12 dose (∼3 times the RDA) increased the bioactive form of vitamin B-12, suggesting that women in these reproductive states may benefit from vitamin B-12 intakes exceeding current recommendations. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01127022.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"145","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of nutrition"}}},"pageStart":"1507","pageEnd":"14","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.115.210757","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40917433"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3945/jn.115.210757"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25995278"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40917433"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-over-the-counter-analgesic-use-on-reproductive-hormones-and-ovulation-recfvryakx4yhn7wl/","name":"Effects of over-the-counter analgesic use on reproductive hormones and ovulation in healthy, premenopausal women","headline":"Effects of over-the-counter analgesic use on reproductive hormones and ovulation in healthy, premenopausal women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-over-the-counter-analgesic-use-on-reproductive-hormones-and-ovulation-recfvryakx4yhn7wl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rebecca A. Matyas","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K A Ahrens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5139-9208","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindsey A Sjaarda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0539-8110","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neil J Perkins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6802-4733","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A C Filiberto","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3586-8830","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Donald R. Mattison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5623-0874","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Ottawa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03c4mmv16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shvetha M Zarek","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2178-6623","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Wactawski-Wende","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3096-9595","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}}],"datePublished":"2015-07-01","abstract":"Study Question: Does use of commonly used over-the-counter (OTC) pain medication affect reproductive hormones and ovulatory function in premenopausal women?\n\nSummary Answer: Few associations were found between analgesic medication use and reproductive hormones, but use during the follicular phase was associated with decreased odds of sporadic anovulation after adjusting for potential confounders.\n\nWhat Is Known Already: Analgesic medications are the most commonly used OTC drugs among women, but their potential effects on reproductive function are unclear.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, Duration: The BioCycle Study was a prospective, observational cohort study (2005-2007) which followed 259 women for one (n = 9) or two (n = 250) menstrual cycles. PARTICIPANTS, SETTING,\n\nMethods: Two hundred and fifty-nine healthy, premenopausal women not using hormonal contraception and living in western New York state. Study visits took place at the University at Buffalo.\n\nMain Results and the Role of Chance: During study participation, 68% (n = 175) of women indicated OTC analgesic use. Among users, 45% used ibuprofen, 33% acetaminophen, 10% aspirin and 10% naproxen. Analgesic use during the follicular phase was associated with decreased odds of sporadic anovulation after adjusting for age, race, body mass index, perceived stress level and alcohol consumption (OR 0.36 [0.17, 0.75]). Results remained unchanged after controlling for potential confounding by indication by adjusting for 'healthy' cycle indicators such as amount of blood loss and menstrual pain during the preceding menstruation. Moreover, luteal progesterone was higher (% difference = 14.0, -1.6-32.1, P = 0.08 adjusted) in cycles with follicular phase analgesic use, but no associations were observed with estradiol, LH or FSH.\n\nLIMITATIONS, Reasons for Caution: Self-report daily diaries are not validated measures of medication usage, which could lead to some classification error of medication use. We were also limited in our evaluation of aspirin and naproxen which were used by few women. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: The observed associations between follicular phase analgesic use and higher progesterone and a lower probability of sporadic anovulation indicate that OTC pain medication use is likely not harmful to reproduction function, and certain medications possibly improve ovulatory function.\n\nStudy Funding/competing Interests: This work was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health (contract # HHSN275200403394C). The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"30","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1714","pageEnd":"1723","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dev099","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35755647"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/dev099"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25954035"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35755647"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/new-diagnostic-criteria-and-operative-strategy-for-cesarean-scar-syndrome-endosc-recqwwtcnpsmidfw0/","name":"New diagnostic criteria and operative strategy for cesarean scar syndrome:  Endoscopic repair for secondary infertility caused by cesarean scar defect","headline":"New diagnostic criteria and operative strategy for cesarean scar syndrome:  Endoscopic repair for secondary infertility caused by cesarean scar defect","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/new-diagnostic-criteria-and-operative-strategy-for-cesarean-scar-syndrome-endosc-recqwwtcnpsmidfw0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Takashi Nakano","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3157-5328","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Toyama Prefectural Central Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/004cah429"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yuka Ametani","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Toyama Prefectural Central Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/004cah429"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hiroshi Funamoto","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Toyama Prefectural Central Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/004cah429"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Takashi Hosono","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Toyama Prefectural Central Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/004cah429"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Masao Nakashima","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Toyama Prefectural Central Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/004cah429"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yasushi Shitano","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Toyama Prefectural Central Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/004cah429"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Satoshi Tanimura","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Toyama Prefectural Central Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/004cah429"}}],"datePublished":"2015-06-27","abstract":"Aim: The aim of the present study was to assess the efficacy of endoscopic repair for secondary infertility caused by post-cesarean scar defect (PCSD). Our investigation focused on the validity of new diagnostic criteria and selection methods.\n\nMATERIAL AND Methods: The subjects were 22 women with secondary infertility due to PCSD with retention of bloody fluid in the uterine cavity. Women with a residual myometrial thickness of ≥ 2.5 mm and an anteflexed or straight uterus underwent hysteroscopic surgery, while all others underwent laparoscopic repair. Hysteroscopic surgery involved resection and coagulation of scarred areas, whereas laparoscopic surgery involved removal of scarred areas combined with hysteroscopy, followed by resuturing.\n\nResults: Fourteen of the 22 women (63.6%) who were followed up for ≥ 1 year after surgery achieved pregnancy. Pregnancies occurred in all four women (100%) who underwent hysteroscopic surgery and in 10 of the 18 women (55.6%) who underwent laparoscopic surgery. Three out of four women who underwent hysteroscopic surgery had term deliveries. Among the women who underwent laparoscopic surgery, five had term deliveries. No cases of uterine rupture were experienced, and the delivery method was cesarean section in all cases.\n\nConclusion: We propose that infertility associated with PCSD, cesarean scar syndrome, is caused by the retention of bloody fluid in the uterine cavity and scarring. Endoscopic treatment, such as hysteroscopy or laparoscopy, was effective for cesarean scar syndrome.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"41","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research"}}},"pageStart":"1363","pageEnd":"1369","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/jog.12738","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50959991"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/jog.12738"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26111547"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50959991"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dietary-factors-and-luteal-phase-deficiency-in-healthy-eumenorrheic-women-recjqjllxaqii0pp1/","name":"Dietary factors and luteal phase deficiency in healthy eumenorrheic women","headline":"Dietary factors and luteal phase deficiency in healthy eumenorrheic women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dietary-factors-and-luteal-phase-deficiency-in-healthy-eumenorrheic-women-recjqjllxaqii0pp1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shvetha M Zarek","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2178-6623","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rose G Radin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6273-274X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindsey A Sjaarda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0539-8110","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neil J Perkins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6802-4733","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ahmad Hammoud","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7581-9024","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary A Andrews","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Walter Reed National Military Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/025cem651"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robyn A Kalwerisky","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Wactawski-Wende","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3096-9595","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}}],"datePublished":"2015-06-18","abstract":"STUDY QUESTION: Are prospectively assessed dietary factors, including overall diet quality, macronutrients and micronutrients, associated with luteal phase deficiency (LPD) in healthy reproductive aged women with regular menstrual cycles?\n\nSUMMARY ANSWER: Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS), fiber and isoflavone intake were positively associated with LPD while selenium was negatively associated with LPD after adjusting for age, percentage body fat and total energy intake.\n\nWHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: LPD may increase the risk of infertility and early miscarriage. Prior research has shown positive associations between LPD and low energy availability, either through high dietary restraint alone or in conjunction with high energy expenditure via exercise, but few studies with adequate sample sizes have been conducted investigating dietary factors and LPD among healthy, eumenorrheic women.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: The BioCycle Study (2005-2007) prospectively enrolled 259 women from Western New York state, USA, and followed them for one (n = 9) or two (n = 250) menstrual cycles.\n\nPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: Women aged 18-44 years, with self-reported BMI between 18 and 35 kg/m(2) and cycle lengths between 21 and 35 days, were included in the study. Participants completed baseline questionnaires, four 24-h dietary recalls per cycle and daily diaries capturing vigorous exercise, perceived stress and sleep; they also provided up to eight fasting serum samples during clinic visits timed to specific phases of the menstrual cycle using a fertility monitor. Cycles were included for this analysis if the peak serum luteal progesterone was >1 ng/ml and a urine or serum LH surge was detected. Associations between prospectively assessed diet quality, macronutrients and micronutrients and LPD (defined as luteal duration <10 days) were evaluated using generalized linear models adjusting for age, percentage body fat and total energy intake.\n\nMAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: LPD occurred in 41 (8.9%) of the 463 cycles from 246 women in the final analysis. After adjusting for age, percentage body fat and total energy intake, LPD was positively associated with MDS, adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.70 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.17, 2.48), P = 0.01. In separate macro- and micronutrient adjusted models, increased fiber and isoflavone intake showed modest positive associations with LPD: fiber (per g), aOR: 1.10 (95% CI: 0.99, 1.23), P = 0.07; and isoflavones (per 10 mg), aOR: 1.38 (95% CI: 0.99, 1.92), P = 0.06. In contrast, selenium (per 10 mcg) was inversely associated with LPD, aOR: 0.80 (95% CI: 0.65, 0.97), P = 0.03. Additional adjustments for relevant lifestyle factors including vigorous exercise, perceived stress and sleep did not appreciably alter estimates.\n\nLIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: The number of LPD cycles was limited, and thus these findings are exploratory. We relied on participant self-report of their medical history to apply exclusion criteria; it is possible that we admitted to the study women with a gynecologic or medical disease who were unaware of their diagnosis.\n\nWIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: Our study suggests that diet quality may be associated with LPD among healthy eumenorrheic women. As LPD may contribute to infertility and early miscarriage, further research is warranted to elucidate how dietary factors, such as MDS, may influence LPD. The inverse association we found with selenium is supported by previous research and deserves further investigation to determine whether this finding has pathophysiologic and therapeutic implications.\n\nSTUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS: This work was supported by the Intramural Research Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health. No competing interests declared.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"30","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1942","pageEnd":"1951","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dev133","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35865983"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/dev133"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26082480"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35865983"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancyrelated-complications-and-adverse-pregnancy-outcomes-in-multiple-pregna-owkpffcx/","name":"Pregnancy-related complications and adverse pregnancy outcomes in multiple pregnancies resulting from assisted reproductive technology: a meta-analysis of cohort studies","headline":"Pregnancy-related complications and adverse pregnancy outcomes in multiple pregnancies resulting from assisted reproductive technology: a meta-analysis of cohort studies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancyrelated-complications-and-adverse-pregnancy-outcomes-in-multiple-pregna-owkpffcx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Qin J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hongbo Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0162-5371","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Union Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/055gkcy74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sheng X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Liang D","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2404-3075"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tan H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xia J"}],"datePublished":"2015-06-01","abstract":"Objective: To provide an up-to-date comparison of pregnancy-related complications and adverse pregnancy outcomes of multiple pregnancies generated with assisted reproductive technology (ART) vs. spontaneous conception.\n\nDesign: Meta-analysis.\n\nSetting: University-affiliated teaching hospital.Patient(s)Multiple pregnancies conceived by ART or naturally.Intervention(s)Searches through October 2014 were conducted on PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Libraries, China Biology Medicine disc, Chinese Scientific Journals Fulltext Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang Data, to identify studies that met prestated inclusion criteria. Either a fixed- or a random-effects model was used to calculate the overall combined risk estimates. Subgroup analysis was performed to explore potential heterogeneity moderators.Main outcome measure(s)Pregnancy-related complications and adverse pregnancy outcomes.Result(s)Thirty-nine cohort studies involving 146,008 multiple births were included in the meta-analysis. Multiple pregnancies from ART were associated with a higher risk of premature rupture of membranes (relative risk [RR] = 1.20, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05-1.37; I(2) = 15%); pregnancy-induced hypertension (RR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.04-1.19; I(2) = 6%); gestational diabetes mellitus (RR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.25-2.55; I(2) = 42%); preterm birth (RR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.03-1.14; I(2) = 83%); very preterm birth (RR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.04-1.34; I(2) = 79%); low birth weight (RR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01-1.07; I(2) = 47%); very low birth weight (RR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.01-1.25; I(2) = 62%); and congenital malformation (RR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.02-1.22; I(2) = 30%). The relevant heterogeneity moderators have been identified by subgroup analysis. Sensitivity analysis yielded similar results. No evidence of publication bias was observed.Conclusion(s)Although the role of potential bias and evidence of heterogeneity should be carefully evaluated, the present study suggests that multiple pregnancies generated via ART, vs. spontaneous conception, are associated with higher risks of pregnancy-related complications and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Further research is needed to determine which aspect of ART poses the most risk and how this risk can be minimized.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"103","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1492-1508.e7","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.03.018","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35614138"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.03.018"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35614138"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ten-year-retrospective-study-on-the-efficacy-of-a-manual-physical-therapy-to-tre-recdaho4gtypldfmq/","name":"Ten-year Retrospective Study on the Efficacy of a Manual Physical Therapy to  Treat Female Infertility","headline":"Ten-year Retrospective Study on the Efficacy of a Manual Physical Therapy to  Treat Female Infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ten-year-retrospective-study-on-the-efficacy-of-a-manual-physical-therapy-to-tre-recdaho4gtypldfmq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rice AD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patterson K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wakefield LB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Reed ED"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Breder KP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wurn BF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wurn LJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"King Iii R","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1801-4227","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"LPU Batangas"}}],"datePublished":"2015-05-31","abstract":"Background: Female infertility is a complex issue encompassing a wide variety of diagnoses, many of which are caused or affected by adhesions.\n\nObjectives: The study intended to examine the rates of successful treatment of infertile women using a protocol of manual physical therapy to address underlying adhesive disease leading to infertility. Methods • The research team designed a retrospective chart review.\nSetting: The study took place in a private physical therapy clinic.\n\nParticipants: Participants were 1392 female patients who were treated at the clinic between the years of 2002 and 2011. They had varying diagnoses of infertility, including occluded fallopian tubes, hormonal dysfunction, and endometriosis, and some women were undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF). Intervention • All patients underwent whole-body, patient-centered treatments that used a protocol of manual physical therapy, which focused on restoring mobility and motility to structures affecting reproductive function.\n\nOUTCOME MEASURES: Improvements demonstrated in the condition(s) causing infertility were measured by improvements in tubal patency and/or improved hormone levels or by pregnancy. Results • The results included a 60.85% rate of clearing occluded fallopian tubes, with a 56.64% rate of pregnancy in those patients. Patients with endometriosis experienced a 42.81% pregnancy rate. The success rate was 49.18% for lowering elevated levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), with a 39.34% pregnancy rate in that group, and 53.57% of the women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) achieved pregnancy. The reported pregnancy rate for patients who underwent IVF after the therapy was 56.16%. The results also suggested that the treatment was effective for patients with premature ovarian failure (POF).\n\nConclusion: The manual physical therapy represented an effective, conservative treatment for women diagnosed as infertile due to mechanical causes, independent of the specific etiology.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"36","pageEnd":"44","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-combined-oral-contraceptives-and-risk-of-venous-thromboembolism-nested-ca-reckzsmjkmkitsira/","name":"Use of combined oral contraceptives and risk of venous thromboembolism: nested  case-control studies using the QResearch and CPRD databases","headline":"Use of combined oral contraceptives and risk of venous thromboembolism: nested  case-control studies using the QResearch and CPRD databases","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-combined-oral-contraceptives-and-risk-of-venous-thromboembolism-nested-ca-reckzsmjkmkitsira/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yana Vinogradova","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3030-5257","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Nottingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carol Coupland","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2327-3306","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Nottingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Julia Hippisley–Cox","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2479-7283","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Nottingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Julia Hippisley-Cox","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9071-575X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Primary Care, University Park, Nottingham, NG2 7RD UK."}}],"datePublished":"2015-05-28","abstract":"Objective: To investigate the association between use of combined oral contraceptives and risk of venous thromboembolism, taking the type of progestogen into account.\nDesign: Two nested case-control studies.\nSetting: General practices in the United Kingdom contributing to the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD; 618 practices) and QResearch primary care database (722 practices).\n\nParticipants: Women aged 15-49 years with a first diagnosis of venous thromboembolism in 2001-13, each matched with up to five controls by age, practice, and calendar year.\n\nMain Outcome Measures: Odds ratios for incident venous thromboembolism and use of combined oral contraceptives in the previous year, adjusted for smoking status, alcohol consumption, ethnic group, body mass index, comorbidities, and other contraceptive drugs. Results were combined across the two datasets.\n\nResults: 5062 cases of venous thromboembolism from CPRD and 5500 from QResearch were analysed. Current exposure to any combined oral contraceptive was associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (adjusted odds ratio 2.97, 95% confidence interval 2.78 to 3.17) compared with no exposure in the previous year. Corresponding risks associated with current exposure to desogestrel (4.28, 3.66 to 5.01), gestodene (3.64, 3.00 to 4.43), drospirenone (4.12, 3.43 to 4.96), and cyproterone (4.27, 3.57 to 5.11) were significantly higher than those for second generation contraceptives levonorgestrel (2.38, 2.18 to 2.59) and norethisterone (2.56, 2.15 to 3.06), and for norgestimate (2.53, 2.17 to 2.96). The number of extra cases of venous thromboembolism per year per 10,000 treated women was lowest for levonorgestrel (6, 95% confidence interval 5 to 7) and norgestimate (6, 5 to 8), and highest for desogestrel (14, 11 to 17) and cyproterone (14, 11 to 17).\n\nConclusions: In these population based, case-control studies using two large primary care databases, risks of venous thromboembolism associated with combined oral contraceptives were, with the exception of norgestimate, higher for newer drug preparations than for second generation drugs.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"350","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"may26 13","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.)"}}},"pageStart":"h2135","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.h2135","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35651010"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj.h2135"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26013557"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35651010"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/median-lower-normal-levels-of-serum-thyroxine-are-associated-with-low-triiodothy-recfp9hj7bsr7l7se/","name":"Median-lower normal levels of serum thyroxine are associated with low  triiodothyronine levels and body temperature in patients with central  hypothyroidism","headline":"Median-lower normal levels of serum thyroxine are associated with low  triiodothyronine levels and body temperature in patients with central  hypothyroidism","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/median-lower-normal-levels-of-serum-thyroxine-are-associated-with-low-triiodothy-recfp9hj7bsr7l7se/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hidenori Fukuoka","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9255-653X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kobe University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00bb55562"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Genzo Iguchi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8810-0230","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kobe University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00bb55562"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yasunori Fujita","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0334-7212","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kobe University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00bb55562"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shinsuke Nakajima","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2367-6885","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kobe University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00bb55562"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yushi Hirota","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3035-4155","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kobe University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00bb55562"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kazuhiko Sakaguchi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1577-2401","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kobe University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03tgsfw79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wataru Ogawa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0432-4366","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kobe University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00bb55562"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yutaka Takahashi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3033-686X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kobe University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03tgsfw79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yusuke Hari","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kobe University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00bb55562"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yu Hirata","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kobe University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00bb55562"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Makiko Iga","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7195-8839","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kobe University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00bb55562"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yasuyuki Iwahashi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kobe University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00bb55562"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Miki Mukai","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kobe University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00bb55562"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yuki Nishimoto","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kobe University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00bb55562"}}],"datePublished":"2015-05-23","abstract":"Objective: Although it has been recommended that serum free thyroxine (FT4) levels should be targeted to middle-upper normal levels during levothyroxine (l-T4) replacement therapy in patients with central hypothyroidism (CeH), the rationale has not been clarified.\n\nMethods: A retrospective single-center study enrolled 116 patients with hypothyroidism (CeH, n=32; total thyroidectomy (Tx), n=22; primary hypothyroidism (PH), n=33; and control benign thyroid nodule (C), n=29). The patients had received L-T4 therapy at the Kobe University Hospital between 2003 and 2013. They were stratified according to serum FT4 level (≥ 1.10 or <1.10 ng/dl), and body temperature (BT), serum free triiodothyronine (FT3) levels, FT3/FT4 ratio, and lipid profiles were compared. The effect of GH replacement therapy on thyroid function was also analyzed.\n\nResults: FT3 levels and FT3/FT4 ratios were significantly lower in patients with CeH than in patients with PH (P<0.05) or C (P<0.05). In patients with FT4 <1.10 ng/dl, BT was significantly lower in patients with CeH (P=0.002) and Tx (P=0.005) than in patients with PH, whereas no differences were found in patients with FT4 ≥ 1.10 ng/dl. In patients with CeH, FT3 levels were higher in those with GH replacement therapy (P=0.018).\n\nConclusion: In CeH, patients with median-lower normal levels of serum FT4 exhibited lower serum FT3 levels and lower BT. These results support the target levels of serum FT4 as middle-upper normal levels during l-T4 replacement therapy in patients with CeH.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"173","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European Journal of Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"247","pageEnd":"256","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1530/EJE-15-0130","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50552545"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1530/EJE-15-0130"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25994949"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50552545"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/no-increase-in-breast-cancer-risk-in-japanese-women-taking-oral-contraceptives-a-recm3yrf03njzw7wp/","name":"No increase in breast cancer risk in Japanese women taking oral contraceptives: a  case-control study investigating reproductive, menstrual and familial risk  factors for breast cancer","headline":"No increase in breast cancer risk in Japanese women taking oral contraceptives: a  case-control study investigating reproductive, menstrual and familial risk  factors for breast cancer","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/no-increase-in-breast-cancer-risk-in-japanese-women-taking-oral-contraceptives-a-recm3yrf03njzw7wp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Tetsuya Taguchi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0755-0550"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Miho Ichida","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Carolina Women's Research and Wellness Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fayv870"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Akemi Kataoka","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kurume University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00vjxjf30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ruriko Tsushima"}],"datePublished":"2015-05-20","abstract":"Background: Low-dose oral contraceptives (OC) were approved by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare in 1999, yet despite their contraceptive and non-contraceptive health benefits, only 5% of the target population use them. Fear of increased cancer risk, particularly breast cancer, is one reason for this. Due to low OC uptake and low screening participation, a paucity of data is available on the risk of OC use and breast cancer in Japanese women. The present study investigated OC use and breast cancer risk, as well as menstrual, reproductive and family factors.\n\nMaterials and Methods: This was a clinic-based case-control study of women aged 20-69yrs who had undergone breast screening between January 2007 and December 2013 in central Tokyo. In all, 28.8% of the participants had experience with OC use. Cases were 155 women with a pathologically confirmed diagnosis of breast cancer. Controls were the remaining 12,333 women.\n\nResults: Increased age was a significant risk factor for breast cancer (p<0.001). A lower risk was found in premenopausal women presently taking OC compared to never users (OR 0.45; 95% CI 0.22-0.90) after adjusting for age, parity and breast feeding, and a family history of breast cancer.\n\nConclusions: Increased age rather than OC use had a greater effect on breast cancer risk. This risk may be decreased in premenopausal women with OC use, but further long-term prospective studies are necessary.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention : APJCP"}}},"pageStart":"3685","pageEnd":"3690","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.9.3685","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40926248"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.9.3685"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25987022"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40926248"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-combination-of-n-acetyl-cysteine-alpha-lipoic-acid-and-bromelain-shows-high--reciesrbiujwulwqm/","name":"The combination of N-acetyl cysteine, alpha-lipoic acid, and bromelain shows high anti-inflammatory properties in novel in vivo and in vitro models of endometriosis","headline":"The combination of N-acetyl cysteine, alpha-lipoic acid, and bromelain shows high anti-inflammatory properties in novel in vivo and in vitro models of endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-combination-of-n-acetyl-cysteine-alpha-lipoic-acid-and-bromelain-shows-high--reciesrbiujwulwqm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C Agostinis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8315-2258","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"IRCCS Materno Infantile Burlo Garofolo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03t1jzs40"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Zorzet","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5161-3542","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Trieste","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02n742c10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R De Leo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7461-4003","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"IRCCS Materno Infantile Burlo Garofolo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03t1jzs40"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Zauli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3750-8698","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"IRCCS Materno Infantile Burlo Garofolo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03t1jzs40"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F De Seta","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1611-0813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"IRCCS Materno Infantile Burlo Garofolo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03t1jzs40"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Bulla","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1737-5776","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Trieste","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02n742c10"}}],"datePublished":"2015-05-12","abstract":"To evaluate the efficacy of an association of N-acetyl cystein, alpha-lipoic acid, and bromelain (NAC/LA/Br) in the treatment of endometriosis we set up a new in vivo murine model. We explored the anti-inflammatory and proapoptotic effect of this combination on human endometriotic endothelial cells (EECs) and on endothelial cells isolated from normal uterus (UtMECs). We implanted fragments of human endometriotic cysts intraperitoneally into SCID mice to evaluate the efficacy of NAC/LA/Br treatment. UtMECs and EECs, untreated or treated with NAC/LA/Br, were activated with the proinflammatory stimulus TNF-α and their response in terms of VCAM1 expression was evaluated. The proapoptotic effect of higher doses of NAC/LA/Br on UtMECs and EECs was measured with a fluorogenic substrate for activated caspases 3 and 7. The preincubation of EECs with NAC/LA/Br prior to cell stimulation with TNF-α prevents the upregulation of the expression of the inflammatory \"marker\" VCAM1. Furthermore NAC/LA/Br were able to induce EEC, but not UtMEC, apoptosis. Finally, the novel mouse model allowed us to demonstrate that mice treated with NAC/LA/Br presented a lower number of cysts, smaller in size, compared to untreated mice. Our findings suggest that these dietary supplements may have potential therapeutic uses in the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases like endometriosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2015","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Mediators of Inflammation"}}},"pageStart":"918089","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/918089","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35557263"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1155/2015/918089"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25960622"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35557263"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/role-of-tubal-surgery-in-the-era-of-assisted-reproductive-technology-a-committee-recizepr04ymapugp/","name":"Role of tubal surgery in the era of assisted reproductive technology: a committee opinion","headline":"Role of tubal surgery in the era of assisted reproductive technology: a committee opinion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/role-of-tubal-surgery-in-the-era-of-assisted-reproductive-technology-a-committee-recizepr04ymapugp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine"},{"@type":"Person","name":"American Society for Reproductive Medicine"}],"datePublished":"2015-05-11","abstract":"This document reviews surgical options for achieving patency in obstructed fallopian tubes and the factors that must be considered when deciding between surgical repair and IVF. This document replaces the document of the same name, last published in 2012 (Fertil Steril 2012;97:539–45).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"103","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"e37-e43","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.03.032","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38469544"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.03.032"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25958255"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38469544"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-boron-supplementation-on-the-severity-and-duration-of-pain-in-primary-2ycjethb/","name":"Effects of boron supplementation on the severity and duration of pain in primary dysmenorrhea","headline":"Effects of boron supplementation on the severity and duration of pain in primary dysmenorrhea","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-boron-supplementation-on-the-severity-and-duration-of-pain-in-primary-2ycjethb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Nikkhah S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6542-0266"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dolatian M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Naghii MR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zaeri F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Taheri SM"}],"datePublished":"2015-05-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Primary dysmenorrhea refers to painful menstrual cramps without pelvic pathology. The condition is highly prevalent among women and exerts negative effects on their quality of life. Considering the evidence for anti-inflammatory properties of Boron, the present study aimed to determine the effects of Boron supplementation on the severity and duration of menstrual pain in female university students.\n\nMETHODS: This triple-blind randomized clinical trial study recruited 113 university students. The participants were matched for the severity and duration of dysmenorrhea and randomly allocated into the case and control groups (n = 58 and 55, respectively). The case group consumed 10 mg/day Boron from two days before the menstrual flow until its third day. The control group received placebo capsules (similar to those distributed among the cases). All subjects were asked to take the capsules for two consecutive menstrual cycles. Pain severity (measured on a visual analog scale) and duration (in hours) were measured at baseline and during the two cycles.\n\nRESULTS: The two groups had no significant differences in the severity and duration of pain at baseline. After the intervention, however, the severity and duration of pain were significantly lower in the case group than in the control group (P < 0.05).\n\nCONCLUSION: Based on our findings, Boron supplementation can reduce the severity and duration of menstrual pain through exerting anti-inflammatory effects. In order to clarify the effects of Boron on dysmenorrhea, future studies are required to measure the levels of hormones and inflammatory biomarkers.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Complementary therapies in clinical practice"}}},"pageStart":"79","pageEnd":"83","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2015.03.005","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39014693"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ctcp.2015.03.005"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25906949"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39014693"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diseaserelated-differences-in-restingstate-networks-a-comparison-between-localiz-s4y79d87/","name":"Disease-related differences in resting-state networks: a comparison between localized provoked vulvodynia, irritable bowel syndrome, and healthy control subjects","headline":"Disease-related differences in resting-state networks: a comparison between localized provoked vulvodynia, irritable bowel syndrome, and healthy control subjects","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diseaserelated-differences-in-restingstate-networks-a-comparison-between-localiz-s4y79d87/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Anish Gupta","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4704-6271","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Max Super Speciality Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00e7r7m66"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A J Rapkin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3254-8671","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Augusta University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012mef835"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gill Z"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kilpatrick L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fling C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stains J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Masghati S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tillisch K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mayer EA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Labus JS"}],"datePublished":"2015-05-01","abstract":"Localized provoked vulvodynia (LPVD) affects approximately 16% of the female population, but biological mechanisms underlying symptoms remain unknown. Like in other often comorbid chronic pain disorders, altered sensory processing and modulation of pain, including central sensitization, dysregulation of endogenous pain modulatory systems, and attentional enhancement of pain perception, have been implicated. The aim of this study was to test whether regions of interest showing differences in LPVD compared to healthy control subjects (HCs) in structural and evoked-pain neuroimaging studies, also show alterations during rest when compared with HCs and a chronic pain control group (irritable bowel syndrome [IBS]). Functional magnetic resonance imaging was performed during resting state in 87 age-matched premenopausal females (29 LPVD, 29 HCs, and 29 IBS). Group-independent component analysis and general linear models were applied to investigate group differences in the intrinsic connectivity of regions comprising sensorimotor, salience, and default mode resting-state networks. Subjects with LPVD showed substantial alterations in the intrinsic connectivity of these networks compared with HCs and IBS. The intrinsic connectivity of many of the regions showing group differences during rest were moderately associated with clinical symptom reports in LPVD. Findings were robust to controlling for affect and medication usage. The current findings indicate that subjects with LPVD have alterations in the intrinsic connectivity of regions comprising the sensorimotor, salience, and default mode networks. Although shared brain mechanisms between different chronic pain disorders have been postulated, the current findings suggest that some alterations in functional connectivity may show disease specificity.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"156","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Pain"}}},"pageStart":"809","pageEnd":"819","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.j.pain.0000461289.65571.54","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/01.j.pain.0000461289.65571.54"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25735001"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preconception-low-dose-aspirin-and-time-to-pregnancy-findings-from-the-effects-o-recudgmls6ycfjqdu/","name":"Preconception low dose aspirin and time to pregnancy: findings from the effects of aspirin in gestation and reproduction randomized trial","headline":"Preconception low dose aspirin and time to pregnancy: findings from the effects of aspirin in gestation and reproduction randomized trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preconception-low-dose-aspirin-and-time-to-pregnancy-findings-from-the-effects-o-recudgmls6ycfjqdu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindsey A Sjaarda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0539-8110","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laurie L Lesher","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Room 2B200 SOM, 50 North Medical Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anne M Lynch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6508-8136","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Colorado Denver","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02hh7en24"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neil J Perkins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6802-4733","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shvetha M Zarek","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2178-6623","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael Y Tsai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7553-3408","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Minnesota","sameAs":"https://ror.org/017zqws13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhian Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6423-105X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Faraggi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2131-620X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Haifa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02f009v59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Noya Galai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8280-9492","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Haifa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02f009v59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert M Silver","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5794-3152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Intermountain Healthcare","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mvr1r74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Janet M Townsend","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Commonwealth Medical College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04bqfk210"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Wactawski-Wende","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3096-9595","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}}],"datePublished":"2015-05-01","abstract":"Objective: The objective was to determine the effect of preconception-initiated daily low-dose aspirin (LDA; 81 mg/day) treatment on time to pregnancy in women with a history of pregnancy loss.\nDesign: This was a multicenter, block-randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Participants were block-randomized by center and eligibility stratum.\nSetting: The study was conducted at four U.S.A. medical centers (2007-2012).\n\nParticipants: Participants women aged 18-40 years actively attempting pregnancy, stratified by eligibility criteria: the \"original\" stratum, women with one loss <20 weeks' gestation during the previous year; and the \"expanded\" stratum, women with one or two previous losses of any gestational age regardless of time since loss.\n\nIntervention: Daily LDA was compared with matching placebo for up to six menstrual cycles of attempting pregnancy. Main Outcome Measure: Time to hCG detected pregnancy and clinically confirmed pregnancy, analyzed by intention-to-treat, was measured.\n\nResults: Of the 1228 women randomly assigned to LDA (n = 615) or placebo (n = 613), 410 (67%) women receiving LDA achieved pregnancy compared to 382 (63%) receiving placebo, corresponding to a fecundability odds ratio (FOR) of 1.14 (95% CI: 0.97, 1.33). Among women in the original stratum (n = 541), LDA was associated with increased fecundability compared to placebo (For: 1.28; 95%CI: 1.02, 1.62).\n\nConclusions: Preconception-initiated LDA treatment resulted in a nonsignificant increase in fecundability of 14% in women with a history of 1-2 pregnancy losses, and a significant increase of 28% in women with a history of only one pregnancy loss of <20 weeks' gestation in the preceding year. Preconception-initiated LDA may increase fecundability in certain women with a recent early pregnancy loss.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"100","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"1785","pageEnd":"1791","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2014-4179","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35578239"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jc.2014-4179"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25710565"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35578239"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/helicobacter-pylori-infection-is-associated-with-an-increased-risk-of-hyperemesi-recils7pvdernedyk/","name":"Helicobacter pylori Infection Is Associated with an Increased Risk of Hyperemesis Gravidarum: A Meta-Analysis","headline":"Helicobacter pylori Infection Is Associated with an Increased Risk of Hyperemesis Gravidarum: A Meta-Analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/helicobacter-pylori-infection-is-associated-with-an-increased-risk-of-hyperemesi-recils7pvdernedyk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lin Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0312-4801","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jiangsu Province Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04py1g812"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiangjun Zhou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4536-9103","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wenzhou University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/020hxh324"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Haike Gu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0636-9335","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Beijing Academy of Science and Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ct4fn38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shuping Xiao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3866-3403","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jiangsu Province Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04py1g812"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Guoxin Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1023-6597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jiangsu Province Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04py1g812"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiaoying Zhou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7348-5027","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jiangsu Province Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04py1g812"}}],"datePublished":"2015-04-11","abstract":"Background. Several studies have shown a possible involvement of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in individuals with hyperemesis gravidarum (HG), but the relationship remains controversial. This meta-analysis was performed to validate and strengthen the association between HG and H. pylori infection.\n\nMethods. PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases up to March 20, 2014, were searched to select studies on the prevalence of H. pylori infection between pregnant women with HG and the normal pregnant control subjects.\n\nResults. Of the HG cases, 1289 (69.6%) were H. pylori-positive; however, 1045 (46.2%) were H. pylori-positive in control group. Compared to the non-HG normal pregnant controls, infection rate of H. pylori was significantly higher in pregnant women with HG (OR = 3.34, 95% CI: 2.32-4.81, P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis indicated that H. pylori infection was a risk factor of HG in Asia, Africa, and Oceania, especially in Africa (OR = 12.38, 95% CI: 7.12-21.54, P < 0.001).\n\nConclusions. H. pylori should be considered one of the risk factors of HG, especially in the developing countries. H. pylori eradication could be considered to relieve the symptoms of HG in some intractable cases.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2015","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Gastroenterology Research and Practice"}},"pageStart":"278905","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/278905","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35230038"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1155/2015/278905"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25861257"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35230038"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-zinc-supplementation-on-markers-of-insulin-resistance-and-lipid-profi-b1g0f6cd/","name":"Effects of zinc supplementation on markers of insulin resistance and lipid profiles in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","headline":"Effects of zinc supplementation on markers of insulin resistance and lipid profiles in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-zinc-supplementation-on-markers-of-insulin-resistance-and-lipid-profi-b1g0f6cd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Fatemeh Foroozanfard","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kashan University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dc0dy65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mehri Jamilian","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5740-5637","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Arak University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056mgfb42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jafari Z","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7188-2755"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Khassaf A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hosseini A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3515-8994"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Khorammian H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zatollah Asemi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8985-7224","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kashan University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dc0dy65"}}],"datePublished":"2015-04-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of zinc supplementation on glucose homeostasis parameters and lipid concentrations in PCOS women. We are aware of no study evaluating the effects of zinc supplementation on metabolic profiles of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).\n\nMETHODS: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted among 52 women diagnosed with PCOS and aged 18-40 years old. Participants were randomly divided into 2 groups to receive 220 mg zinc sulfate (containing 50 mg zinc) supplements (n=26) or placebo (n=26) per day for 8 weeks. Fasting blood samples were taken at baseline and after 8 weeks' intervention to quantify glucose, insulin and lipid concentrations.\n\nRESULTS: After 8 weeks of intervention, subjects who received zinc supplements had significantly increased serum zinc levels (+15.6±21.8 vs. -4.1±16.7 mg/dL, P=0.001) compared with placebo. In addition, zinc-supplemented patients had reduced fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (-4.3±9.6 vs. +0.5±6.0 mg/dL, P=0.03), serum insulin levels (-3.0±2.9 vs. +1.5±8.4 µIU/mL, P=0.01), homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (-0.8±0.8 vs. +0.3±1.9, P=0.006), homeostatic model assessment-Beta cell function (HOMA-B) (-10.6±9.5 vs. +4.9±32.1, P=0.02) and increased quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) (+0.02±0.02 vs. -0.004±0.05, P=0.03) compared with placebo. Additionally, a significant reduction in serum triglycerides (-15.6±40.3 vs. +14.5±25.3 mg/dL, P=0.002) and VLDL-cholesterol concentrations (-3.2±8.1 vs. +2.9±5.1 mg/dL, P=0.002) was observed following the administration of zinc supplements compared with placebo.\n\nCONCLUSION: Taken together, 220 mg zinc sulfate supplementation per day for 8 weeks among PCOS women had beneficial effects on metabolic profiles.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"123","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes : official journal, German Society of Endocrinology [and] German Diabetes Association"}}},"pageStart":"215","pageEnd":"220","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0035-1548790","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34471427"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1055/s-0035-1548790"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25868059"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34471427"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-contraceptive-use-and-risk-of-glioma-among-younger-women-a-nationwide-c-alc7tvbt/","name":"Hormonal contraceptive use and risk of glioma among younger women: a nationwide case-control study","headline":"Hormonal contraceptive use and risk of glioma among younger women: a nationwide case-control study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-contraceptive-use-and-risk-of-glioma-among-younger-women-a-nationwide-c-alc7tvbt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Andersen L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Friis S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hallas J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ravn P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kristensen BW"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gaist D"}],"datePublished":"2015-04-01","abstract":"AIM: Oral contraceptive use influences the risk for certain cancers. However, few studies have examined any link with risk of central nervous system tumours. We investigated the association between hormonal contraceptive use and glioma risk among premenopausal women in a population-based setting.\n\nMETHODS: Using national administrative and health registries in Denmark to conduct a nationwide case-control study, we identified all women ages 15 to 49 years with a first time diagnosis of histologically verified glioma between 2000 and 2009. Each case was age-matched to eight population controls using risk set sampling. Based on prescription data, exposure until 2 years prior to the index date was categorized according to hormonal contraceptive type, i.e. combined oestrogen-progestagen or progestagen only, and duration of use (<1, 1 to <5, ≥5 years). We used conditional logistic regression to compute odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for glioma associated with hormonal contraceptive use, adjusting for potential confounders.\n\nRESULTS: We identified 317 cases and 2126 controls. Ever use of hormonal contraceptive was associated with an OR of 1.5 (95% CI 1.2, 2.0) and the OR increased with duration of use (long term, ≥5 years: OR 1.9; 95% CI 1.2, 2.9). The association between long term hormonal contraceptive use and glioma risk was most pronounced for progestagen only therapy (OR 2.4; 95% CI 1.1, 5.1), especially when this regimen constituted the sole hormonal contraceptive therapy (OR 4.1; 95% CI 0.8, 20.8).\n\nCONCLUSION: Long term hormonal contraceptive use may increase the risk of glioma.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"79","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British journal of clinical pharmacology"}}},"pageStart":"677","pageEnd":"84","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.12535","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35286178"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/bcp.12535"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25345919"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35286178"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effects-of-cigarette-smoking-on-male-fertility-pkcihdym/","name":"The effects of cigarette smoking on male fertility","headline":"The effects of cigarette smoking on male fertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effects-of-cigarette-smoking-on-male-fertility-pkcihdym/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kovac JR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Khanna A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Larry I. Lipshultz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8676-7285"}],"datePublished":"2015-04-01","abstract":"Cigarette smoking, one of the main causes of preventable morbidity and mortality, has a multitude of well-known side effects. The relationship between cigarette smoking and infertility has been studied for decades; however, large-scale, population-wide prospective studies are lacking. The majority of the current literature is in the form of retrospective studies focused on the effects of smoking on semen analyses. This article discusses the results of these studies and reviews the postulated mechanisms. The effects of smoking on assisted reproduction and in vitro fertilization outcomes are noted. The consequences of smoking while pregnant on future fertility as well as the outcomes of second-hand smoke are analyzed. The current evidence suggests that men should be advised to abstain from smoking in order to improve reproductive outcomes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"127","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Postgraduate medicine"}}},"pageStart":"338","pageEnd":"41","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/00325481.2015.1015928","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36264665"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/00325481.2015.1015928"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25697426"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36264665"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effects-of-diabetes-on-male-fertility-and-epigenetic-regulation-during-sperm-rec6g8frjt6xo7mhy/","name":"The effects of diabetes on male fertility and epigenetic regulation during  spermatogenesis","headline":"The effects of diabetes on male fertility and epigenetic regulation during  spermatogenesis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effects-of-diabetes-on-male-fertility-and-epigenetic-regulation-during-sperm-rec6g8frjt6xo7mhy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Guo-Lian Ding","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0099-9980","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ding GL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yi Liu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9300-2843","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Liu ME"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jie-Xue Pan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7125-9608","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pan JX"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Meng-Xi Guo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9490-6661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Guo MX"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jian-Zhong Sheng","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8006-3965","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sheng JZ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Huang HF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hefeng Huang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4386-1455","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01byttc20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mengling Liu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4861-9247","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"New York University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0190ak572"}}],"datePublished":"2015-03-31","abstract":"The effects of diabetes mellitus include long-term damages, dysfunctions, and failures of various organs. An important complication of diabetes is the disturbance in the male reproductive system. Glucose metabolism is an important event in spermatogenesis. Moreover, glucose metabolism is also important for maintaining basic cell activity, as well as specific functions, such as motility and fertilization ability in mature sperm. Diabetic disease and experimentally induced diabetes both demonstrated that either type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes could have detrimental effects on male fertility, especially on sperm quality, such as sperm motility, sperm DNA integrity, and ingredients of seminal plasma. Epigenetic modifications are essential during spermatogenesis. The epigenetic regulation represents chromatin modifications including DNA methylation, histone modifications, remodeling of nucleosomes and the higher-order chromatin reorganization and noncoding RNAs. If spermatogenesis is affected during the critical developmental window, embryonic gonadal development, and germline differentiation, environmentally-induced epigenetic modifications may become permanent in the germ line epigenome and have a potential impact on subsequent generations through epigenetic transgenerational inheritance. Diabetes may influence the epigenetic modification during sperm spermatogenesis and that these epigenetic dysregulation may be inherited through the male germ line and passed onto more than one generation, which in turn may increase the risk of diabetes in offspring.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Asian Journal of Andrology"}}},"pageStart":"948","pageEnd":"953","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.4103/1008-682X.150844","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26998600"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4103/1008-682X.150844"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25814158"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q26998600"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-retrospective-case-control-study-on-traditional-environmental-risk-factors-in--rec9wox0vdvd8ydyf/","name":"A retrospective, case-control study on traditional environmental risk factors in  inflammatory bowel disease in Vukovar-Srijem County, north-eastern Croatia, 2010","headline":"A retrospective, case-control study on traditional environmental risk factors in  inflammatory bowel disease in Vukovar-Srijem County, north-eastern Croatia, 2010","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-retrospective-case-control-study-on-traditional-environmental-risk-factors-in--rec9wox0vdvd8ydyf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Davorin Pezerovic","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2411-4232","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Polytechnic of Međimurje in Čakovec","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024gf7f83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zeljko Jovanovic","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1710-8312","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Osijek","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05sw4wc49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Darko Nakic","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4729-5662","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Zadar","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t89vb53"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ljiljana Trtica Majnarić","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1330-2254","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Osijek","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05sw4wc49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aleksandar Vcev","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Osijek","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05sw4wc49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ivan Vcev","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Zadar","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t89vb53"}}],"datePublished":"2015-03-31","abstract":"Background: Traditional environmental risk factors in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), were examined as part of the retrospective epidemiologic study conducted in Vukovar-Srijem County, north-eastern Croatia in 2010. The geographical variations in the frequency of IBD in Croatia have been observed, which is also the trend in the Central Eastern European region and Europe as a whole, indicating the influence of environmental and lifestyle factors. However, the data on the spread of environmental IBD risk factors are still limited. The purpose of this study was to analyse the traditional environmental risk factors in IBD on our cohort sample, including measles virus infection and vaccination (MMR vaccine-Mumps, Measles, Rubella), tonsillectomy, appendectomy, current and former cigarette smoking and use of oral contraceptives in women.\n\nMethods: This retrospective, case-control study was performed as a part of a wider epidemiologic study aimed at assessing the incidence, prevalence and clinical expression of IBD, in Vukovar-Srijem County (\n\npopulation: 204,768; 2001), which is a lesser developed part of the continental Croatia that experienced deep demographic changes in the recent past. IBD patients were identified according to the hospital's patient records. There were 119 UC patients and 31 CD patients of a total of 150 patients in the cohort. A total of 150 individuals, volunteers, not having a diagnosis of IBD, ageand sex-matched, were used as the control group. Information on examined risk factors were obtained from all subjects in a previously conducted interview. Patients were contacted personally or by phone and interviewed by a gastroenterologist.\n\nResults: There were no differences in the number of smokers, former smokers and non-smokers, between UC and CD patients and the controls, nor in the duration of smoking (years), in current smokers and ex-smokers. Only marginally significant longer time of non-smoking, in ex-smokers was found in IBD patients, compared to the controls, more pronounced in CD patients (p = 0.05). No difference was found in relation to tonsillectomy and risk of IBD. There was no difference in the number of female IBD patients and women from the controls using oral contraceptives. Duration (years) of oral contraceptives use was longer in women from the controls than in female IBD patients (p < 0.001). Frequency of appendectomy was the lowest in UC patients, compared to the controls and CD patients (3.4, 12.0 and 38.7%, respectively) (p < 0.001). No difference was found in relation to measles virus infection and risk of IBD. MMR vaccination rates were higher in CD patients (90.3%), compared to UC patients and the controls (74.8 and 67.3%, respectively) (p = 0.026).\n\nConclusions: No association was found between smoking and tonsillectomy and risk of IBD. Our results do not support the idea of oral contraceptives use as a risk factor for IBD. Frequency of appendectomy was the lowest in UC patients, suggesting that appendectomy decreases the risk of UC, contributing the earlier results. MMR vaccination seemed to be associated with Crohn's disease. These results can add value to our understanding of the increasing incidence of IBD in Croatia and other Central Eastern European countries and can be introductory to future large-scale research.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"127","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9-10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift"}}},"pageStart":"345","pageEnd":"354","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s00508-015-0741-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39023867"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00508-015-0741-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25821054"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39023867"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/total-motile-sperm-count-a-better-indicator-for-the-severity-of-male-factor-infe-recb8gqljczhpztje/","name":"Total motile sperm count: a better indicator for the severity of male factor infertility than the WHO sperm classification system","headline":"Total motile sperm count: a better indicator for the severity of male factor infertility than the WHO sperm classification system","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/total-motile-sperm-count-a-better-indicator-for-the-severity-of-male-factor-infe-recb8gqljczhpztje/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hamilton JA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J. Hamilton","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1269-9504","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Robert Bosch (Germany)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01fe0jt45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Smeenk","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3053-0358","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00q6h8f30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jan Peter de Bruin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6909-5912","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jeroen Bosch Ziekenhuis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rr42t68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kremer JA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jan A.M. Kremer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0495-0201","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Groningen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012p63287"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W L D M Nelen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2438-2261","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Radboud University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05wg1m734"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nelen WL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C J C M Hamilton","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7918-6617","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hamilton CJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Brandes","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Radboud University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05wg1m734"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Cissen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jeroen Bosch Ziekenhuis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rr42t68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Kremer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9771-5464"}],"datePublished":"2015-03-20","abstract":"STUDY QUESTION: Does the prewash total motile sperm count (TMSC) have a better predictive value for spontaneous ongoing pregnancy (SOP) than the World Health Organization (WHO) classification system?\n\nSUMMARY ANSWER: The prewash TMSC shows a better correlation with the spontaneous ongoing pregnancy rate (SOPR) than the WHO 2010 classification system.\n\nWHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: According to the WHO classification system, an abnormal semen analysis can be diagnosed as oligozoospermia, astenozoospermia, teratozoospermia or combinations of these and azoospermia. This classification is based on the fifth percentile cut-off values of a cohort of 1953 men with proven fertility. Although this classification suggests accuracy, the relevance for the prognosis of an infertile couple and the choice of treatment is questionable. The TMSC is obtained by multiplying the sample volume by the density and the percentage of A and B motility spermatozoa.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: We analyzed data from a longitudinal cohort study among unselected infertile couples who were referred to three Dutch hospitals between January 2002 and December 2006. Of the total cohort of 2476 infertile couples, only the couples with either male infertility as a single diagnosis or unexplained infertility were included (n = 1177) with a follow-up period of 3 years.\n\nPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: In all couples a semen analysis was performed. Based on the best semen analysis if more tests were performed, couples were grouped according to the WHO classification system and the TMSC range, as described in the Dutch national guidelines for male infertility. The primary outcome measure was the SOPR, which occurred before, during or after treatments, including expectant management, intrauterine insemination, in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection. After adjustment for the confounding factors (female and male age, duration and type of infertility and result of the postcoital test) the odd ratios (ORs) for risk of SOP for each WHO and TMSC group were calculated. The couples with unexplained infertility were used as reference.\n\nMAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: A total of 514 couples did and 663 couples did not achieve a SOP. All WHO groups have a lower SOPR compared with the unexplained group (ORs varying from 0.136 to 0.397). Comparing the couples within the abnormal WHO groups, there are no significant differences in SOPR, except when oligoasthenoteratozoospermia is compared with asthenozoospermia [OR 0.501 (95% CI 0.311-0.809)] and teratozoospermia [OR 0.499 (95% CI: 0.252-0.988)], and oligoasthenozoospermia is compared with asthenozoospermia [OR 0.572 (95% CI: 0.373-0.877)]. All TMSC groups have a significantly lower SOPR compared with the unexplained group (ORs varying from 0.171 to 0.461). Couples with a TMSC of <1 × 10(6) and 1-5 × 10(6) have significantly lower SOPR compared with couples with a TMSC of 5-10 × 10(6) [respectively, OR 0.371 (95% CI: 0.215-0.64) and OR 0.505 (95% CI: 0.307-0.832)].\n\nLIMITATIONS, REASON FOR CAUTION: To include all SOPs during the follow-up period of 3 years, couples were not censured at the start of treatment.\n\nWIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: Roughly, three prognostic groups can be discerned: couples with a TMSC <5, couples with a TMSC between 5 and 20 and couples with a TMSC of more than 20 × 10(6) spermatozoa. We suggest using TMSC as the method of choice to express severity of male infertility.\n\nSTUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS: None.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"30","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1110","pageEnd":"1121","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dev058","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41195137"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/dev058"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25788568"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41195137"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cost-effectiveness-analysis-of-preimplantation-genetic-screening-and-in-vitro-fe-recwqipgka6bo4mlr/","name":"Cost-effectiveness analysis of preimplantation genetic screening and in vitro fertilization versus expectant management in patients with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss","headline":"Cost-effectiveness analysis of preimplantation genetic screening and in vitro fertilization versus expectant management in patients with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cost-effectiveness-analysis-of-preimplantation-genetic-screening-and-in-vitro-fe-recwqipgka6bo4mlr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Gayathree Murugappan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4084-0365","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mika Ohno","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ruth B Lathi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2159-2714","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03"}}],"datePublished":"2015-03-17","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine whether in vitro fertilization with preimplantation genetic screening (IVF/PGS) is cost effective compared with expectant management in achieving live birth for patients with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL).\n\nDESIGN: Decision analytic model comparing costs and clinical outcomes.\n\nSETTING: Academic recurrent pregnancy loss programs.\n\nPATIENT(S): Women with unexplained RPL.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): IVF/PGS with 24-chromosome screening and expectant management.\n\nMAIN OUTCOMES MEASURE(S): Cost per live birth.\n\nRESULT(S): The IVF/PGS strategy had a live-birth rate of 53% and a clinical miscarriage rate of 7%. Expectant management had a live-birth rate of 67% and clinical miscarriage rate of 24%. The IVF/PGS strategy was 100-fold more expensive, costing $45,300 per live birth compared with $418 per live birth with expectant management.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): In this model, IVF/PGS was not a cost-effective strategy for increasing live birth. Furthermore, the live-birth rate with IVF/PGS needs to be 91% to be cost effective compared with expectant management.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"103","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1215","pageEnd":"1220","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.02.012","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46922876"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.02.012"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25772770"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46922876"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/revisiting-the-fertile-window-reclfdfdybpy4y2ok/","name":"Revisiting the fertile window","headline":"Revisiting the fertile window","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/revisiting-the-fertile-window-reclfdfdybpy4y2ok/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2015-03-17","abstract":"Ovulation occurs on 1 day during each menstrual cycle (even if multiple follicles are involved), and the several days preceding ovulation are when intercourse is most likely to result in pregnancy. Collectively, the potentially fertile days up to and including the day of ovulation are called the “fertile window” (1). Since the 1930s, several biomarkers of the fertile window have been investigated for the purposes of empowering women and couples seeking to use fertility-awareness based methods or natural family planning to avoid pregnancy, as well as to expand understanding of human reproductive physiology.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"103","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1152","pageEnd":"1153","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.02.015","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q86932743"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.02.015"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25772771"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q86932743"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-a-high-risk-population-for-major-chronic-diseases-recxn7lalmkjiw1uc/","name":"Endometriosis: a high-risk population for major chronic diseases?","headline":"Endometriosis: a high-risk population for major chronic diseases?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-a-high-risk-population-for-major-chronic-diseases-recxn7lalmkjiw1uc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marina Kvaskoff","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4557-3772","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fan Mu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0252-0387","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathryn L Terry","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5848-4661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Holly R Harris","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2572-6727","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fred Hutch Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007ps6h72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elizabeth M Poole","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4680-4587","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stacey A Missmer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1768-7705","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Michigan State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leslie V Farland","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7455-8531","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine -...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45"}}],"datePublished":"2015-03-15","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Despite an estimated prevalence of 10% in women, the etiology of endometriosis remains poorly understood. Over recent decades, endometriosis has been associated with risk of several chronic diseases, such as cancer, autoimmune diseases, asthma/atopic diseases and cardiovascular diseases. A deeper understanding of these associations is needed as they may provide new leads into the causes or consequences of endometriosis. This review summarizes the available epidemiological findings on the associations between endometriosis and other chronic diseases and discusses hypotheses for underlying mechanisms, potential sources of bias and methodological complexities.\n\nMETHODS: We performed a comprehensive search of the PubMed/Medline and ISI Web of Knowledge databases for all studies reporting on the associations between endometriosis and other diseases published in English through to May 2014, using numerous search terms. We additionally examined the reference lists of all identified papers to capture any additional articles that were not identified through computer searches.\n\nRESULTS: We identified 21 studies on the associations between endometriosis and ovarian cancer, 14 for breast cancer, 8 for endometrial cancer, 4 for cervical cancer, 12 for cutaneous melanoma and 3 for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, as well as 9 on the links between endometriosis and autoimmune diseases, 6 on the links with asthma and atopic diseases, and 4 on the links with cardiovascular diseases. Endometriosis patients were reported to be at higher risk of ovarian and breast cancers, cutaneous melanoma, asthma, and some autoimmune, cardiovascular and atopic diseases, and at decreased risk of cervical cancer.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Increasing evidence suggests that endometriosis patients are at higher risk of several chronic diseases. Although the underlying mechanisms are not yet understood, the available data to date suggest that endometriosis is not harmless with respects to women's long-term health. If these relationships are confirmed, these findings may have important implications in screening practices and in the management and care of endometriosis patients.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction Update"}}},"pageStart":"500","pageEnd":"516","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmv013","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35718207"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humupd/dmv013"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25765863"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35718207"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-a-very-short-interpregnancy-interval-and-pregnancy-outcomes-following-a-previous-pregnancy-loss-recclifehibsyjcmm/","name":"The effect of a very short interpregnancy interval and pregnancy outcomes following a previous pregnancy loss","headline":"The effect of a very short interpregnancy interval and pregnancy outcomes following a previous pregnancy loss","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-a-very-short-interpregnancy-interval-and-pregnancy-outcomes-following-a-previous-pregnancy-loss-recclifehibsyjcmm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert M Silver","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5794-3152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Intermountain Healthcare","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mvr1r74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neil J Perkins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6802-4733","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Noya Galai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8280-9492","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Haifa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02f009v59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anne M Lynch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6508-8136","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Colorado Denver","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02hh7en24"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Faraggi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2131-620X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Haifa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02f009v59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Janet M Townsend","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Commonwealth Medical College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04bqfk210"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Wactawski-Wende","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3096-9595","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Luchin Wong","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6954-0238","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Intermountain Healthcare","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mvr1r74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aijun Ye","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1701-7111","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}}],"datePublished":"2015-03-01","abstract":"Objective: We sought to assess the relationship between a short interpregnancy interval (IPI) following a pregnancy loss and subsequent live birth and pregnancy outcomes.\n\nStudy Design: A secondary analysis of women enrolled in the Effects of Aspirin in Gestation and Reproduction trial with a human chorionic gonadotropin-positive pregnancy test and whose last reproductive outcome was a loss were included in this analysis (n = 677). IPI was defined as the time between last pregnancy loss and last menstrual period of the current pregnancy and categorized by 3-month intervals. Pregnancy outcomes include live birth, pregnancy loss, and any pregnancy complications. These were compared between IPI groups using multivariate relative risk estimation by Poisson regression.\n\nResults: Demographic characteristics were similar between IPI groups. The mean gestational age of prior pregnancy loss was 8.6 ± 2.8 weeks. The overall live birth rate was 76.5%, with similar live birth rates between those with IPI ≤3 months as compared to IPI >3 months (adjusted relative risk [aRR], 1.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.98-1.16). Rates were also similar for periimplantation loss (aRR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.51-1.80), clinically confirmed loss (aRR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.51-1.10), and any pregnancy complication (aRR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.71-1.09) for those with IPI ≤3 months as compared to IPI >3 months.\n\nConclusion: Live birth rates and adverse pregnancy outcomes, including pregnancy loss, were not associated with a very short IPI after a prior pregnancy loss. The traditional recommendation to wait at least 3 months after a pregnancy loss before attempting a new pregnancy may not be warranted.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"212","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American journal of obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"375.e1-375.e11","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2014.09.020","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35137509"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ajog.2014.09.020"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25246378"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35137509"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/unmetabolized-folic-acid-is-detected-in-nearly-all-serum-samples-from-us-childre-3jbuf5ar/","name":"Unmetabolized folic acid is detected in nearly all serum samples from US children, adolescents, and adults","headline":"Unmetabolized folic acid is detected in nearly all serum samples from US children, adolescents, and adults","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/unmetabolized-folic-acid-is-detected-in-nearly-all-serum-samples-from-us-childre-3jbuf5ar/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Pfeiffer CM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sternberg MR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fazili Z"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yetley EA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lacher DA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bailey RL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Johnson CL"}],"datePublished":"2015-03-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Serum total folate consists mainly of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-methylTHF). Unmetabolized folic acid (UMFA) may occur in persons consuming folic acid-fortified foods or supplements.\n\nOBJECTIVES: We describe serum 5-methylTHF and UMFA concentrations in the US population ≥1 y of age by demographic variables and fasting time, stratified by folic acid-containing dietary supplement use. We also evaluate factors associated with UMFA concentrations >1 nmol/L.\n\nMETHODS: Serum samples from the cross-sectional NHANES 2007-2008 were measured for 5-methylTHF (n = 2734) and UMFA (n = 2707) by HPLC-tandem mass spectrometry.\n\nRESULTS: In supplement users compared with nonusers, we found significantly higher geometric mean concentrations of 5-methylTHF (48.4 and 30.7 nmol/L, respectively) and UMFA (1.54 and 0.794 nmol/L, respectively). UMFA concentrations were detectable (>0.3 nmol/L) in >95% of supplement users and nonusers, regardless of demographic or fasting characteristics; concentrations differed significantly by age and fasting time, but not by sex and race-ethnicity, both in supplement users and nonusers. The prevalence of UMFA concentrations >1 nmol/L was 33.2% overall and 21.0% in fasting (≥8 h) adults (≥20 y of age). Using multiple logistic regression analysis, UMFA concentrations >1 nmol/L were associated with being older, non-Hispanic black, nonfasting (<8 h), having smaller body surface area, higher total folic acid intake (diet and supplements), and higher red blood cell folate concentrations. In fasting adults, a decrease in the mean daily alcohol consumption was also associated with increased odds of UMFA concentrations >1 nmol/L.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: UMFA detection was nearly ubiquitous, and concentrations >1 nmol/L were largely but not entirely explained by fasting status and by total folic acid intake from diet and supplements. These new UMFA data in US persons ≥1 y of age provide much-needed information on this vitamer in a fortified population with relatively high use of dietary supplements.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"145","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of nutrition"}}},"pageStart":"520","pageEnd":"31","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.114.201210","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35107862"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3945/jn.114.201210"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25733468"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35107862"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/self-identification-of-the-clinical-fertile-window-and-the-ovulation-period-recyietwzcbs7hahj/","name":"Self-identification of the clinical fertile window and the ovulation period","headline":"Self-identification of the clinical fertile window and the ovulation period","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/self-identification-of-the-clinical-fertile-window-and-the-ovulation-period-recyietwzcbs7hahj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rene Leiva","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1395-3236","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Ottawa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03c4mmv16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas P Bouchard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5774-0286","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Calgary","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Olivia Duterque","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1","sameAs":"https://ror.org/029brtt94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"René Ecochard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1695-789X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospices Civils de Lyon","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01502ca60"}}],"datePublished":"2015-03-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To assess the sensitivity and specificity of the self-identified fertile window.\n\nDESIGN: Observational study.\n\nSETTING: Not applicable.\n\nPATIENT(S): A total of 107 women.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Women recorded cervical mucus observation and basal body temperature daily while undergoing daily ovarian ultrasound.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The biological fertile window, defined as the 6 days up to and including the day of ovulation; and the 2-day ovulation window, defined as the day before and the day of ovulation.\n\nRESULT(S): The self-identification of the biological fertile window by the observation of any type of cervical mucus provides 100% sensitivity but poor specificity, yielding a clinical fertile window of 11 days. However, the identification of the biological fertile window by peak mucus (defined as clear, slippery, or stretchy mucus related to estrogen) yielded 96% sensitivity and improved specificity. The appearance of the peak mucus preceded the biological fertile window in less than 10% of the cycles. Likewise, this type of mucus identified the ovulation window with 88% sensitivity.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): These results suggest that, when perceived accurately, more accurate clinical self-detection of the fertile window can be obtained by identification of peak mucus. This may improve efforts to focus intercourse in the fertile phase for couples with fertility concerns.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"103","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1319-25.e3","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.01.031","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q86843075"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.01.031"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25724738"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q86843075"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mechanism-of-action-of-levonorgestrel-emergency-contraception-recilpjncv2hcueok/","name":"Mechanism of action of levonorgestrel emergency contraception","headline":"Mechanism of action of levonorgestrel emergency contraception","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mechanism-of-action-of-levonorgestrel-emergency-contraception-recilpjncv2hcueok/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rebecca Peck","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2399-5560","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Florida State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05g3dte14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chris Kahlenborn","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Polycarp Research Institute, Enola, PA, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01mkye871"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Walter B Severs","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01h22ap11"}}],"datePublished":"2015-02-24","abstract":"There has been much debate regarding levonorgestrel emergency contraception's (LNG-EC's) method of action since 1999 when the Food and Drug Administration first approved its use. Proponents of LNG-EC have argued that they have moral certitude that LNG-EC works via a non-abortifacient mechanism of action, and claim that all the major scientific and medical data consistently support this hypothesis. However, newer medical data serve to undermine the consistency of the non-abortifacient hypothesis and instead support the hypothesis that preovulatory administration of LNG-EC has significant potential to work via abortion. The implications of the newer data have important ramifications for medical personnel, patients, and both Catholic and non-Catholic emergency room protocols. In the future, technology such as the use of early pregnancy factor may have the potential to quantify how frequently preovulatory LNG-EC works via abortion. Lay Summary: How Plan B (levonorgestrel emergency contraception) works has been vigorously debated ever since the Food and Drug Administration approved it in 1999. Many doctors and researchers claim that it has either no-or at most-an extremely small chance of working via abortion. However, the latest scientific and medical evidence now demonstrates that levonorgestrel emergency contraception theoretically works via abortion quite often. The implications of the newer data have important ramifications for medical personnel, patients, and both Catholic and non-Catholic emergency room rape protocols.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"82","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"18","pageEnd":"33","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1179/2050854914Y.0000000026","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27010221"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1179/2050854914Y.0000000026"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25698840"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q27010221"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-harmonious-relationship-between-faith-and-science-from-the-perspective-of-so-recfqnejc3eursexi/","name":"The harmonious relationship between faith and science from the perspective of  some great saints: A brief comment","headline":"The harmonious relationship between faith and science from the perspective of  some great saints: A brief comment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-harmonious-relationship-between-faith-and-science-from-the-perspective-of-so-recfqnejc3eursexi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Manuel E Cortés","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0845-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x0xhn70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Juan Pablo Del Río","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3126-0745","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Millennium Science Initiative","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01c080z51"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}}],"datePublished":"2015-02-24","abstract":"The objective of this editorial is to show that a harmonious relationship between science and faith is possible, as exemplified by great saints of the Catholic Church. It begins with the definitions of science and faith, followed by an explanation of the apparent conflict between them. A few saints that constitute an example that a fruitful relationship between these two seemingly opposed realities has been possible are Saint Albert the Great, Saint John of the Cross, Saint Giuseppe Moscati, and Saint Edith Stein, among others, and this editorial highlights their deep contributions to the dialogue between faith and reason. This editorial ends with a brief discussion on whether it is possible to be both a scientist and a man of faith.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"82","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"3","pageEnd":"7","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1179/0024363914Z.00000000097","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41959302"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1179/0024363914Z.00000000097"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25698837"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41959302"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-case-control-analysis-of-oral-contraceptive-use-and-breast-cancer-subtypes-in-the-african-american-breast-cancer-epidemiology-and-risk-consortium-rec7lyum0tznfet33/","name":"A case-control analysis of oral contraceptive use and breast cancer subtypes in the African American Breast Cancer Epidemiology and Risk Consortium","headline":"A case-control analysis of oral contraceptive use and breast cancer subtypes in the African American Breast Cancer Epidemiology and Risk Consortium","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-case-control-analysis-of-oral-contraceptive-use-and-breast-cancer-subtypes-in-the-african-american-breast-cancer-epidemiology-and-risk-consortium-rec7lyum0tznfet33/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Traci N Bethea","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3205-2078","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Boston University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lynn Rosenberg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0686-0485","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Melissa A Troester","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9506-6624","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathryn L Lunetta","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9268-810X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Boston University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elisa V Bandera","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8789-2755","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pepper Schedin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4244-987X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oregon Health & Science University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/009avj582"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrew F Olshan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9115-5128","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine B Ambrosone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1717-9943","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0499dwk57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Julie R Palmer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6534-335X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035zrb927"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chi-Chen Hong","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0499dwk57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laurence N Kolonel","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cancer Center of Hawaii","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0065jhh26"}}],"datePublished":"2015-02-21","abstract":"Introduction: Recent oral contraceptive (OC) use has been consistently associated with increased risk of breast cancer, but evidence on specific breast cancer subtypes is sparse.\n\nMethods: We investigated recency and duration of OC use in relation to molecular subtypes of breast cancer in a pooled analysis of data from the African American Breast Cancer Epidemiology and Risk Consortium. The study included 1,848 women with estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer, 1,043 with ER-negative (ER-) breast cancer (including 494 triple negative (TN) tumors, which do not have receptors for estrogen, progesterone, and human epidermal growth factor 2), and 10,044 controls. Multivariable polytomous logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for exposure categories relative to never use, controlling for potential confounding variables.\n\nResults: OC use within the previous 5 years was associated with increased risk of ER+ (OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.18 to 1.81), ER- (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.22 to 1.43), and TN (OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.25 to 2.53) breast cancer. The risk declined after cessation of use but was apparent for ER+ cancer for 15 to 19 years after cessation and for ERbreast cancer for an even longer interval after cessation. Long duration of use was also associated with increased risk of each subtype, particularly ER-.\n\nConclusions: Our results suggest that OC use, particularly recent use of long duration, is associated with an increased risk of ER+, ER-, and TN breast cancer in African American women. Research into mechanisms that explain these findings, especially the association with ERbreast cancer, is needed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Breast cancer research : BCR"}}},"pageStart":"22","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1186/s13058-015-0535-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35174900"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/s13058-015-0535-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25849024"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35174900"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-of-breast-cancer-in-relation-to-reproductive-factors-in-north-west-of-iran--recih7ir7ix2qkxx4/","name":"Risk of breast cancer in relation to reproductive factors in North-West of Iran,  2013-2014","headline":"Risk of breast cancer in relation to reproductive factors in North-West of Iran,  2013-2014","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-of-breast-cancer-in-relation-to-reproductive-factors-in-north-west-of-iran--recih7ir7ix2qkxx4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kamal Salehi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0435-8782"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shirin Lotfinejad"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Afsaneh Veisy","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Islamic Azad University of Mahabad","sameAs":"https://ror.org/015sncd69"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Faegh Zhian"}],"datePublished":"2015-02-17","abstract":"More than one million new patients suffer from breast cancer annually in the world. In developed countries, breast cancer is the most common malignancy diagnosed among women, and in developing regions, it often ranks second to cervical cancer. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between incidence of breast cancer and reproductive factors in North-West of Iran. This retrospective analytical control-case study was conducted with 235 breast cancer patients and 235 women in the control group. Data collection tools included a set of questions with interviews and patient medical records. Data were analyzed using statistical tests: t-test, Chi-square, Fisher, and Pearson correlation coefficient. Significantly increased risks were associated between breast cancer and older age at first pregnancy, age at menopause and history of contraceptive use. A trend for decreasing risk were observed with increasing parity. Findings of this study showed no association between breast cancer and age at menarche. The study results suggested that physiological and reproductive factors may play important roles in the development breast cancer among Iranian women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention : APJCP"}}},"pageStart":"451","pageEnd":"455","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.2.451","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41432316"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.2.451"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25684470"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41432316"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/surveillance-of-congenital-malformations-in-infants-conceived-through-assisted-r-7varj7eo/","name":"Surveillance of congenital malformations in infants conceived through assisted reproductive technology or other fertility treatments","headline":"Surveillance of congenital malformations in infants conceived through assisted reproductive technology or other fertility treatments","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/surveillance-of-congenital-malformations-in-infants-conceived-through-assisted-r-7varj7eo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Heisey AS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bell EM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Herdt‐Losavio ML"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Druschel C"}],"datePublished":"2015-02-01","abstract":"Background: As assisted reproductive technology (ART) becomes more common, it is important to understand the associated risks. The objective of this study was to determine if congenital malformations are associated with ART or other fertility treatments in New York.\n\nMethods: In a retrospective cohort study of all live births in upstate New York from 1997 to 2005, exposure was defined using ART or other fertility treatments as noted on birth certificates. Outcomes were assessed from the New York State Congenital Malformations Registry. Specific malformations were examined to determine if there is elevated risk for exposed singleton infants compared with infants conceived naturally.\n\nResults: The study included 7120 in the ART group, 11,890 in the other fertility treatments group and 1,118,162 in the comparison group. The relative risk for a congenital malformation was 1.43 (95% CI 1.19–1.72) for singleton infants conceived through ART compared with singleton infants conceived naturally. The specific defects associated with ART were patent ductus arteriosus, hypospadias, and obstructive defect in the renal pelvis and ureter, while spina bifida, other specific anomalies of the spinal cord, atresia or stenosis of the pulmonary valve, hypospadias, and obstructive defects of the renal pelvis and ureter were associated with other fertility treatment.\n\nConclusion: Assisted reproductive technology is associated with a slight excess risk of birth defects. The specific congenital malformations with elevated risks for singleton infants vary depending on the exposure. Further research is necessary to understand the mechanism related to the increase in risk. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 103:119–126, 2015 © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"103","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology"}}},"pageStart":"119","pageEnd":"126","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/bdra.23355","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q53615111"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/bdra.23355"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q53615111"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-male-and-female-body-mass-index-on-pregnancy-and-live-birth-success-after-in-vitro-fertilization-reclbceurpzt3ojzn/","name":"Effect of male and female body mass index on pregnancy and live birth success after in vitro fertilization","headline":"Effect of male and female body mass index on pregnancy and live birth success after in vitro fertilization","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-male-and-female-body-mass-index-on-pregnancy-and-live-birth-success-after-in-vitro-fertilization-reclbceurpzt3ojzn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K A Ahrens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5139-9208","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"James M Hotaling","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4401-4565","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stefanie N Hinkle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4312-708X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kerri Kissell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Office of Extramural Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05aq6yn88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christina A Porucznik","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1973-2917","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ahmad Hammoud","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7581-9024","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Douglas T Carrell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6471-2803","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Megan Link","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2850-8143","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2015-02-01","abstract":"Objective: To assess the effects of both male and female body mass index (BMI), individually and combined, on IVF outcomes.\nDesign: Prospective cohort study.\nSetting: University fertility center. PATIENT(S): All couples undergoing first fresh IVF cycles, 2005-2010, for whom male and female weight and height information were available (n = 721 couples). INTERVENTION(S): None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Embryologic parameters, clinical pregnancy, and live birth incidence. RESULT(S): The average male BMI among the study population was 27.5 ± 4.8 kg/m(2) (range, 17.3-49.3 kg/m(2)), while the average female BMI (n = 721) was 25.2 ± 5.9 kg/m(2) (range, 16.2-50.7 kg/m(2)). Neither male nor female overweight (25-29.9 kg/m(2)), class I obese (30-34.9 kg/m(2)), or class II/III obese (≥35 kg/m(2)) status was significantly associated with fertilization rate, embryo score, or incidence of pregnancy or live birth compared with normal weight (18.5-24.9 kg/m(2)) status after adjusting for male and female age, partner BMI, and parity. Similar null findings were found between combined couple BMI categories and IVF success. CONCLUSION(S): Our findings support the notion that weight status does not influence fecundity among couples undergoing infertility treatment. Given the limited and conflicting research on BMI and pregnancy success among IVF couples, further research augmented to include other adiposity measures is needed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"103","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"388","pageEnd":"395","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.10.048","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50602385"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.10.048"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25497445"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50602385"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevalence-of-chronic-endometritis-in-repeated-unexplained-implantation-failure--zbgeyqab/","name":"Prevalence of chronic endometritis in repeated unexplained implantation failure and the IVF success rate after antibiotic therapy","headline":"Prevalence of chronic endometritis in repeated unexplained implantation failure and the IVF success rate after antibiotic therapy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevalence-of-chronic-endometritis-in-repeated-unexplained-implantation-failure--zbgeyqab/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ettore Cicinelli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2390-4582","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Human Oncologic Science, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027ynra39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria Matteo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1795-1745","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Foggia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01xtv3204"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Raffaele Tinelli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5597-3035","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ospedale San Bassiano","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02xqze381"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lepera A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9168-8573"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alfonso R","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5425-5186"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ugo Indraccolo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7660-6864","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"L'organizzazione Ospedale di Civitanova M","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00st8mg19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marrocchella S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pantaleo Greco","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2461-6777","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Translational and for Romagna Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy","sameAs":"https://ror.org/041zkgm14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leonardo Resta","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4335-4776","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027ynra39"}}],"datePublished":"2015-02-01","abstract":"STUDY QUESTION: What is the prevalence of chronic endometritis (CE) in women with repeated unexplained implantation failure (RIF) at IVF, and how does antibiotic treatment affect the reproductive outcome?\n\nSUMMARY ANSWER: Chronic endometritis, associated with infection with common bacteria or mycoplasma, is common in women complaining of RIF and antibiotic treatment significantly improves the reproductive outcome at a subsequent IVF cycle.\n\nWHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: We have reported that CE is a frequent finding in women with repeated pregnancy loss and a significantly higher rate of successful pregnancies was achieved after adequate antibiotic treatment. Moreover, CE was identified in 30.3% of patients with repeated implantation failure at IVF and women diagnosed with CE had lower implantation rates (11.5%) after IVF cycles. In contrast, other authors reported that the clinical implication of CE should be considered minimal and that the reproductive outcome at IVF/ICSI cycles was not negatively affected by CE.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: A retrospective study was performed from January 2009 through June 2012 on 106 women with unexplained infertility and a history of RIF.\n\nPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: All patients underwent hysteroscopy and endometrial sampling for histology and microbiological investigations. Women diagnosed with CE underwent antibiotic treatment and the effect of treatment was confirmed by hysteroscopy with biopsy. Within 6 months after treatment all women had a further IVF attempt. The IVF outcomes were compared in women without signs of CE (Group 1) and persistent CE (Group 2) after antibiotic treatment. Clinical pregnancy rate (PR), and live birth rate (LBR) were compared at post-treatment IVF attempt.\n\nMAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: Seventy (66.0%) women were diagnosed with CE at hysteroscopy. In 61 (57.5%) CE was confirmed by histology and 48 (45.0%) by cultures. Common bacteria and mycoplasma were the most prevalent agents. In 46 (75.4%) out of 61 women, with diagnosis of CE at hysteroscopy and histology, examinations were normal after appropriate antibiotic treatment control (Group 1) while in 15 (24.6%) cases signs of CE were still present (Group 2). At IVF attempt after treatment, a significantly higher PR and LBR was reported in women from Group 1 compared with women from Group 2 (65.2 versus 33.0% P = 0.039; 60.8 versus 13.3%, P = 0.02, respectively).\n\nLIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: Possible biases related to retrospective studies and to preferential referral of patients with CE, and limited number of cases.\n\nWIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: A prospective randomized clinical trial is needed to confirm our findings but in women with RIF a hysteroscopic evaluation of the uterine cavity to exclude CE should be considered and appropriate antibiotic treatment should be given before submitting the patient to a further IVF attempt.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"30","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"323","pageEnd":"30","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deu292","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41668500"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/deu292"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25385744"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41668500"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-contraception-and-the-risk-of-hiv-acquisition-an-individual-participant-data-meta-analysis-rece7iycu3oy2qz3h/","name":"Hormonal contraception and the risk of HIV acquisition: an individual participant  data meta-analysis","headline":"Hormonal contraception and the risk of HIV acquisition: an individual participant  data meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-contraception-and-the-risk-of-hiv-acquisition-an-individual-participant-data-meta-analysis-rece7iycu3oy2qz3h/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Morrison CS, Chen PL, Kwok C, Baeten JM, Brown J, Crook AM, Van Damme L, Delany-Moretlwe S, Francis SC, Friedland BA, Hayes RJ, Heffron R, Kapiga S, Karim QA, Karpoff S, Kaul R, McClelland RS, McCormack S, McGrath N, Myer L, Rees H, van der Straten A, Watson-Jones D, van de Wijgert JH, Stalter R, Low N"}],"datePublished":"2015-01-23","abstract":"Background: Observational studies of a putative association between hormonal contraception (HC) and HIV acquisition have produced conflicting results. We conducted an individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis of studies from sub-Saharan Africa to compare the incidence of HIV infection in women using combined oral contraceptives (COCs) or the injectable progestins depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) or norethisterone enanthate (NET-EN) with women not using HC. METHODS AND\n\nFindings: Eligible studies measured HC exposure and incident HIV infection prospectively using standardized measures, enrolled women aged 15-49 y, recorded ≥15 incident HIV infections, and measured prespecified covariates. Our primary analysis estimated the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) using two-stage random effects meta-analysis, controlling for region, marital status, age, number of sex partners, and condom use. We included 18 studies, including 37,124 women (43,613 woman-years) and 1,830 incident HIV infections. Relative to no HC use, the aHR for HIV acquisition was 1.50 (95% CI 1.24-1.83) for DMPA use, 1.24 (95% CI 0.84-1.82) for NET-EN use, and 1.03 (95% CI 0.88-1.20) for COC use. Between-study heterogeneity was mild (I(2) < 50%). DMPA use was associated with increased HIV acquisition compared with COC use (aHR 1.43, 95% CI 1.23-1.67) and NET-EN use (aHR 1.32, 95% CI 1.08-1.61). Effect estimates were attenuated for studies at lower risk of methodological bias (compared with no HC use, aHR for DMPA use 1.22, 95% CI 0.99-1.50; for NET-EN use 0.67, 95% CI 0.47-0.96; and for COC use 0.91, 95% CI 0.73-1.41) compared to those at higher risk of bias (p(interaction) = 0.003). Neither age nor herpes simplex virus type 2 infection status modified the HC-HIV relationship.\n\nConclusions: This IPD meta-analysis found no evidence that COC or NET-EN use increases women's risk of HIV but adds to the evidence that DMPA may increase HIV risk, underscoring the need for additional safe and effective contraceptive options for women at high HIV risk. A randomized controlled trial would provide more definitive evidence about the effects of hormonal contraception, particularly DMPA, on HIV risk.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"PLoS Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"e1001778","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001778","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21144588"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1371/journal.pmed.1001778"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25612136"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q21144588"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-and-infertility-how-and-when-to-treat-recmestgyultav3cx/","name":"Endometriosis and infertility: how and when to treat?","headline":"Endometriosis and infertility: how and when to treat?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-and-infertility-how-and-when-to-treat-recmestgyultav3cx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Anis Fadhlaoui","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2321-4592","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fribourg Development Agency","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01camvb92"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bouquet de la Jolinière J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Bouquet de la Jolinière","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Service de gynécologie obstétrique, HFR Fribourg - Hôpital Cantonal , Fribourg , Switzerland."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Bouquet de la Jolinià ̈re","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fribourg Development Agency","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01camvb92"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anis Feki","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8945-0176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fribourg Development Agency","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01camvb92"}}],"datePublished":"2015-01-17","abstract":"Endometriosis is defined as the presence of endometrial-like tissue (glands or stroma) outside the uterus, which induces a chronic inflammatory reaction. Although endometriosis impairs fertility, it does not usually completely prevent conception. The question of evidence based-medicine guidelines in endometriosis-associated infertility is weak in many situations. Therefore, we will highlight in this issue where the challenges are.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Surgery"}},"pageStart":"24","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3389/fsurg.2014.00024","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34867801"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fsurg.2014.00024"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25593948"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34867801"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-contraceptive-use-and-womens-risk-of-hiv-acquisition-a-meta-analysis-of-observational-studies-rectbwirz7qvniyzc/","name":"Hormonal contraceptive use and women's risk of HIV acquisition: a meta-analysis of observational studies","headline":"Hormonal contraceptive use and women's risk of HIV acquisition: a meta-analysis of observational studies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-contraceptive-use-and-womens-risk-of-hiv-acquisition-a-meta-analysis-of-observational-studies-rectbwirz7qvniyzc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sandra I McCoy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4764-9195","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Berkeley","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an7q238"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nancy Padian","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1046-2287","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"United States Department of State","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vvynj75"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lauren Ralph","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7002-1024","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen Shiu","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Berkeley","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an7q238"}}],"datePublished":"2015-01-09","abstract":"Background: The evidence from epidemiological research into whether use of hormonal contraception increases women's risk of HIV acquisition is inconsistent. We did a robust meta-analysis of existing data to provide summary estimates by hormonal contraceptive method which can be used to inform contraceptive guidelines, models, and future studies.\n\nMethods: We updated a recent systematic review to identify and describe studies that met inclusion criteria. To ensure inclusion of more recent research, we searched PubMed for articles published after December, 2011, using the terms \"hormonal contraception\", \"HIV/acquisition\", \"injectables\", \"progestin\", and \"oral contraceptive pills\". We assessed statistical heterogeneity for these studies, and, when appropriate, combined point estimates by hormonal contraception formulation using random-effects models. We assessed publication bias and investigated heterogeneity through subgroup and stratified analyses according to study population and design features.\n\nFindings: We identified 26 studies, 12 of which met inclusion criteria. There was evidence of an increase in HIV risk in the ten studies of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (pooled hazard ratio [HR] 1·40, 95% CI 1·16-1·69). This risk was lower in the eight studies done in women in the general population (pooled HR 1·31, 95% CI 1·10-1·57). There was substantial between-study heterogeneity in secondary analyses of trials (n=7, I(2) 51·1%, 95% CI 0-79·3). Although individual study estimates suggested an increased risk, substantial heterogeneity between two studies done in women at high risk of HIV infection (I(2) 54%, 0-88·7) precluded pooling estimates. There was no evidence of an increased HIV risk in ten studies of oral contraceptive pills (pooled HR 1·00, 0·86-1·16) or five studies of norethisterone enanthate (pooled HR 1·10, 0·88-1·37).\n\nInterpretation: Our findings show a moderate increased risk of HIV acquisition for all women using depot medroxyprogesterone acetate, with a smaller increase in risk for women in the general population. Whether the risks of HIV observed in our study would merit complete withdrawal of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate needs to be balanced against the known benefits of a highly effective contraceptive.\n\nFunding: None.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Lancet Infect Dis"}}},"pageStart":"181","pageEnd":"189","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(14)71052-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30660068"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/S1473-3099(14)71052-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25578825"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q30660068"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/alpha-lipoic-acid-ala-effects-on-subchorionic-hematoma-preliminary-clinical-resu-028i9kvt/","name":"Alpha Lipoic Acid (ALA) effects on subchorionic hematoma: preliminary clinical results","headline":"Alpha Lipoic Acid (ALA) effects on subchorionic hematoma: preliminary clinical results","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/alpha-lipoic-acid-ala-effects-on-subchorionic-hematoma-preliminary-clinical-resu-028i9kvt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Porcaro G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brillo E","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1288-024X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Giardina I"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Di Iorio"}],"datePublished":"2015-01-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: The clinic use of alpha Lipoic Acid (ALA) is linked to its capability to exert antioxidant effects and, more interestingly, to counteract the pathologic changes of complex networks of cytokines, chemokines and growth factors, restoring their physiological state. The aim of this randomized controlled clinical trial was to test the contribution of oral supplementation of ALA to the standard treatment with Progesterone vaginal suppositories, in healing subchorionic hematomas in patients with threatened miscarriage. Controls were administered only Progesterone suppositories. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Nineteen pregnant women in the first trimester of gestation, with threatened miscarriage and ultrasound evidence of subchorionic hematoma, were included in the trial and randomly divided in two groups: controls, treated with 400 mg Progesterone (200 mg 2 times per day), given by vaginal suppositories, and case study treated with the same Progesterone dosage, plus ALA, given orally at the dose of 600 mg (300 mg 2 times per day, DAV(R), Lo.Li. Pharma srl, Italy). Sixteen patients completed the trial. Treatment was performed until complete resolution of the clinical picture. RESULTS: In both groups, the subjects improved significantly but, in general, a better and faster evolution in the major signs of threatened miscarriage was observed in the subjects treated with ALA and Progesterone. In these patients, the speed of resorption of subchorionic hematoma was significantly (p <= 0.05) superior compared to controls. The ALA and Progesterone group showed a faster decrease or disappearance of all symptoms than that observed in the control group, however the difference was not significant. CONCLUSIONS: These preliminary results suggest that ALA supplementation significantly contributes to speed up the process of restoration of physiological conditions in threatened miscarriage and ameliorates the medical conditions of both the mothers and the foetus, probably modulating the networks of cytokines, growth factors and other molecules.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European review for medical and pharmacological sciences"},"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26439038"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-in-adolescents-4g5fi5pm/","name":"Endometriosis in adolescents","headline":"Endometriosis in adolescents","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-in-adolescents-4g5fi5pm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Dun EC","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0891-1717"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kho KA","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3607-5779"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vadim Morozov","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3337-4984","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Of The West Of Scotland"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kearney S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1074-7197"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zurawin JL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nezhat CH","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2307-5374"}],"datePublished":"2015-01-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Women with endometriosis often report onset of symptoms during adolescence; however, the diagnosis of endometriosis is often delayed. The aim of this study was to describe the experience of adolescents who underwent laparoscopy for pelvic pain and were diagnosed with endometriosis: specifically, the symptoms, time from onset of symptoms to correct diagnosis, number and type of medical professionals seen, diagnosis, treatment, and postoperative outcomes.\n\nMETHODS: We reviewed a series of 25 females ≤21 years of age with endometriosis diagnosed during laparoscopy for pelvic pain over an 8-year period. These patients were followed up for 1 year after surgery.\n\nRESULTS: The mean age at the time of surgery was 17.2 (2.4) years (range, 10-21). The most common complaints were dysmenorrhea (64%), menorrhagia (44%), abnormal/irregular uterine bleeding (60%), ≥1 gastrointestinal symptoms (56%), and ≥1 genitourinary symptoms (52%). The mean time from the onset of symptoms until diagnosis was 22.8 (31.0) months (range, 1-132). The median number of physicians who evaluated their pain was 3 (2.3) (range, 1-12). The adolescents had stage I (68%), stage II (20%), and stage III (12%) disease. Atypical endometriosis lesions were most commonly observed during laparoscopy. At 1 year, 64% reported resolved pain, 16% improved pain, 12% continued pain, and 8% recurrent pain.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Timely referral to a gynecologist experienced with laparoscopic diagnosis and treatment of endometriosis is critical to expedite care for adolescents with pelvic pain. Once the disease is diagnosed and treated, these patients have favorable outcomes with hormonal and nonhormonal therapy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JSLS : Journal of the Society of Laparoendoscopic Surgeons"}}},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.4293/JSLS.2015.00019","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35609219"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4293/JSLS.2015.00019"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26005317"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35609219"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/trends-of-male-factor-infertility-an-important-cause-of-infertility-a-review-of--5rkciac2/","name":"Trends of male factor infertility, an important cause of infertility: A review of literature","headline":"Trends of male factor infertility, an important cause of infertility: A review of literature","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/trends-of-male-factor-infertility-an-important-cause-of-infertility-a-review-of--5rkciac2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Nitesh Kumar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7870-0830","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02xzytt36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amit Kumar Singh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1046-7507","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Central University of Punjab","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02kknsa06"}}],"datePublished":"2015-01-01","abstract":"Infertility and problems of impaired fecundity have been a concern through ages and is also a significant clinical problem today, which affects 8-12% of couples worldwide. Of all infertility cases, approximately 40-50% is due to \"male factor\" infertility and as many as 2% of all men will exhibit suboptimal sperm parameters. It may be one or a combination of low sperm concentration, poor sperm motility, or abnormal morphology. The rates of infertility in less industrialized nations are markedly higher and infectious diseases are responsible for a greater proportion of infertility. The present literature will help in knowing the trends of male factor infertility in developing nations like India and to find out in future, various factors that may be responsible for male infertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of human reproductive sciences"}}},"pageStart":"191","pageEnd":"6","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.4103/0974-1208.170370","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26769911"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4103/0974-1208.170370"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26752853"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q26769911"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relationship-between-semen-production-and-medical-comorbidity-9aafvkdb/","name":"Relationship between semen production and medical comorbidity","headline":"Relationship between semen production and medical comorbidity","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relationship-between-semen-production-and-medical-comorbidity-9aafvkdb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Eisenberg ML","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5482-0141"}],"datePublished":"2015-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.10.017","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.10.017"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25497466"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cartr-plus-2015-annual-report-2014-data-canadian-assisted-reproductive-technolog-9gfvj0i6/","name":"CARTR Plus 2015 Annual Report (2014 Data) - Canadian Assisted Reproductive Technologies Register Plus","headline":"CARTR Plus 2015 Annual Report (2014 Data) - Canadian Assisted Reproductive Technologies Register Plus","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cartr-plus-2015-annual-report-2014-data-canadian-assisted-reproductive-technolog-9gfvj0i6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Canadian Fertility and Andrology Society; BORN Ontario"}],"datePublished":"2015-01-01","abstract":"CARTR Plus annual report covering Canadian ART cycle outcomes. Voluntary professional society data submission via CFAS / BORN Ontario.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"CFAS / BORN Ontario"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oocyte-mitochondrial-function-and-reproduction-9vrnfade/","name":"Oocyte mitochondrial function and reproduction","headline":"Oocyte mitochondrial function and reproduction","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oocyte-mitochondrial-function-and-reproduction-9vrnfade/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Babayev E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emre Seli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7464-8203","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yale University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03v76x132"}}],"datePublished":"2015-01-01","abstract":"PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Mitochondria are cellular organelles that are required for energy production. Emerging evidence demonstrates their role in oocyte development and reproduction. In this review, we examine recent animal and clinical studies on the role of mitochondria in fertility. We also analyse the impact of assisted reproductive techniques (ARTs) on mitochondrial function and discuss the future clinical implications of mitochondrial nutrients and mitochondrial replacement. RECENT FINDINGS: Mitochondria affect all aspects of mammalian reproduction. They are essential for optimal oocyte maturation, fertilization and embryonic development. Mitochondrial dysfunction causes a decrease in oocyte quality and interferes with embryonic development. ART procedures affect mitochondrial function, while mitochondrial nutrients may increase mitochondrial performance in oocytes. New mitochondrial replacement procedures using mitochondria obtained from polar bodies or from the patient's own oogonial stem cells are promising and may address concerns related to the induction of high-levels of heteroplasmy, which could potentially result in negative long-term health effects. SUMMARY: Optimal energy production is required for oocyte and embryo development, and mitochondrial abnormalities have devastating reproductive consequences. Improvement of oocyte mitochondrial function via intake of compounds that boost mitochondrial activity may have clinical benefits, and mitochondrial replacement could potentially be used for the prevention of mitochondrial diseases.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1097/GCO.0000000000000164","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/GCO.0000000000000164"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25719756"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/impact-of-luteal-phase-defect-on-ectopic-pregnancy-risk-rec2hjlgwscmpbsmn/","name":"Impact of Luteal Phase Defect on Ectopic Pregnancy Risk","headline":"Impact of Luteal Phase Defect on Ectopic Pregnancy Risk","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/impact-of-luteal-phase-defect-on-ectopic-pregnancy-risk-rec2hjlgwscmpbsmn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"McLinon L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Beckman M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Miller B","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5835-9759","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oregon State University"}}],"datePublished":"2015-01-01","abstract":"Introduction: Luteal phase deficiency (LPD), while commonly observed and managed in stimulated in-vitro fertilisation cycles, is a more contentious phenomenon in natural cycles. The challenge arises in the definition and diagnosis of LPD. Controversy regarding the clinical significance of LPD is due in part to the lack of a reliable test to diagnose the disorder.2 Jones first described LPD based on temperature criteria, urinary pregnanediol studies and histological appearance of the endometrium in 1949. 3 In current practice, timing of the luteal phase from which an evaluation of its length and hormonal parameters can be made are problematic. Ovulation and thereby the length of the luteal phase can reliably and reproducibly be determined by teaching women to identify their Peak Symptom Day (PSD) of cervical mucus (the last day of any mucus discharge that is clear, stretchy, or lubricative). 4 There is an abrupt and dramatic change in the characteristic fertile pattern of pre-ovulatory mucus that is due to the effects of progesterone post-ovulation. Correlation with ultrasound and hormonal evaluation indicates that the mucus observation occurs within 2 days of ovulation. Using such a fertility awareness based method, the American Academy of Fertility Care Professionals has defined a luteal phase deficiency as a deficiency in the length of the luteal phase, or a deficiency of the hormones progesterone and oestradiol that occurs during the luteal phase. Method: Women presenting with infertility or recurrent miscarriages to the Fertility Assessment and Research Clinic of the Mater Mothers' Hospital (Brisbane, Australia) were instructed in the Sympto-Thermal Method. This allowed for accurate documentation of ovulation and the luteal phase. Luteal phase hormone levels were collected 5, 7 and 9 days after ovulation. Women were allocated a luteal phase status using the definition below for luteal phase defect. This data is part of the recruitment phase of the Pregnancy Achieving Trials (Mater Health Services HREC no. 1618M).\n\nResults: By the definition above, a luteal phase deficiency exists in 36% (100) of 279 infertile couples who presented to our clinic, in preparation for involvement in the Pregnancy Achieving Trials. Of 16 infertile women who had previously experienced both a miscarriage and an ectopic pregnancy, 75% (12) met the criteria for a luteal phase deficiency.\n\nDiscussion: Ectopic pregnancy is known to be associated with infectious history, smoking, age, previous spontaneous miscarriage, history of infertility, previous use of an intrauterine device and prior history of medical termination of pregnancy (mifepristone + misoprostol). Previous research has suggested an association between luteal phase defect (LPD) and ectopic pregnancy in subfertile couples.\" All stimulated cycles of in-vitro fertilisation have abnormal luteal phases.' There exists a high rate of ectopic pregnancy among women undergoing in-vitro fertilization. The high proportion of ectopic pregnancies among women who fall pregnant on progestogen-only contraceptives also suggests an hormonal association.\" Women who are heavy smokers, another risk factor associated with ectopic pregnancy, has been shown to have lower urinary progesterone metabolite levels in the luteal phase compared with non-smokers. 10\n\nConclusion: There appears to be an association between prior miscarriage, prior ectopic pregnancy and luteal phase deficiency in subfertile couples. Could luteal phase deficiency, an hormonal disorder, be useful in the definition of ectopic pregnancy risk?","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"** NOT_FOUND"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clinical-effectiveness-of-modified-laparoscopic-fimbrioplasty-for-the-treatment--gustuezg/","name":"Clinical Effectiveness of Modified Laparoscopic Fimbrioplasty for the Treatment of Minimal Endometriosis and Unexplained Infertility","headline":"Clinical Effectiveness of Modified Laparoscopic Fimbrioplasty for the Treatment of Minimal Endometriosis and Unexplained Infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clinical-effectiveness-of-modified-laparoscopic-fimbrioplasty-for-the-treatment--gustuezg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Franjoine SE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mohamed A Bedaiwy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3454-8555","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"AbdelHafez FF","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6657-3034"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Geng C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Liu JH"}],"datePublished":"2015-01-01","abstract":"Objective. To study the reproductive outcomes of modified laparoscopic fimbrioplasty (MLF), a surgical technique designed to increase the working surface area of the fimbriated end of the fallopian tube. We postulated that an improvement in fimbrial function through MLF will improve reproductive outcomes. Design. Retrospective cohort study. Setting. Academic tertiary-care medical center. Patients. Women with minimal endometriosis or unexplained infertility, who underwent MLF during diagnostic laparoscopy (n = 50) or diagnostic laparoscopy alone (n = 87). Intervention. MLF involved gentle, circumferential dilatation of the fimbria and lysis of fimbrial adhesions bridging the fimbrial folds. Main Outcome Measures. The primary outcome was pregnancy rate and the secondary outcome was time to pregnancy. Results. The pregnancy rate for the MLF group was 40.0%, compared to 28.7% for the control group. The average time to pregnancy for the MLF group was 13 weeks, compared to 18 weeks for the control group. The pregnancy rate in the MLF group was significantly higher for patients ≤35 ys (51.5% versus 28.8%), but not for those >35 ys (17.6% versus 28.6%). Conclusion. MLF was associated with a significant increase in pregnancy rate for patients ≤35 ys.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Minimally invasive surgery"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/730513","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35625922"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1155/2015/730513"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26064680"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35625922"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/executive-summary-of-hormonal-physiology-of-childbearing-evidence-and-implicatio-pueaidnb/","name":"Executive Summary of Hormonal Physiology of Childbearing: Evidence and Implications for Women, Babies, and Maternity Care","headline":"Executive Summary of Hormonal Physiology of Childbearing: Evidence and Implications for Women, Babies, and Maternity Care","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/executive-summary-of-hormonal-physiology-of-childbearing-evidence-and-implicatio-pueaidnb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Buckley SJ"}],"datePublished":"2015-01-01","abstract":"This report synthesizes evidence about innate hormonally mediated physiologic processes in women and fetuses/newborns during childbearing, and possible impacts of common maternity care practices and interventions on these processes, focusing on four hormone systems that are consequential for childbearing. Core hormonal physiology principles reveal profound interconnections between mothers and babies, among hormone systems, and from pregnancy through to the postpartum and newborn periods. Overall, consistent and coherent evidence from physiologic understandings and human and animal studies finds that the innate hormonal physiology of childbearing has significant benefits for mothers and babies. Such hormonally-mediated benefits may extend into the future through optimization of breastfeeding and maternal-infant attachment. A growing body of research finds that common maternity care interventions may disturb hormonal processes, reduce their benefits, and create new challenges. Developmental and epigenetic effects are biologically plausible but poorly studied. The perspective of hormonal physiology adds new considerations for benefit-harm assessments in maternity care, and suggests new research priorities, including consistently measuring crucial hormonally mediated outcomes that are frequently overlooked. Current understanding suggests that safely avoiding unneeded maternity care interventions would be wise, as supported by the Precautionary Principle. Promoting, supporting, and protecting physiologic childbearing, as far as safely possible in each situation, is a low-technology health and wellness approach to the care of childbearing women and their fetuses/newborns that is applicable in almost all maternity care settings.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of perinatal education"}}},"pageStart":"145","pageEnd":"53","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1891/1058-1243.24.3.145","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36485083"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1891/1058-1243.24.3.145"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26834435"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36485083"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/what-we-know-about-primary-dysmenorrhea-today-a-critical-review-vgyxymku/","name":"What we know about primary dysmenorrhea today: a critical review","headline":"What we know about primary dysmenorrhea today: a critical review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/what-we-know-about-primary-dysmenorrhea-today-a-critical-review-vgyxymku/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Iacovides S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2807-9139"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Avidon I"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Baker FC","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9602-6165"}],"datePublished":"2015-01-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Primary dysmenorrhea, or painful menstruation in the absence of pelvic pathology, is a common, and often debilitating, gynecological condition that affects between 45 and 95% of menstruating women. Despite the high prevalence, dysmenorrhea is often poorly treated, and even disregarded, by health professionals, pain researchers, and the women themselves, who may accept it as a normal part of the menstrual cycle. This review reports on current knowledge, particularly with regards to the impact and consequences of recurrent menstrual pain on pain sensitivity, mood, quality of life and sleep in women with primary dysmenorrhea.\n\nMETHODS: Comprehensive literature searches on primary dysmenorrhea were performed using the electronic databases PubMed, Google Scholar and the Cochrane Library. Full-text manuscripts published between the years 1944 and 2015 were reviewed for relevancy and reference lists were cross-checked for additional relevant studies. In combination with the word 'dysmenorrhea' one or more of the following search terms were used to obtain articles published in peer-reviewed journals only: pain, risk factors, etiology, experimental pain, clinical pain, adenomyosis, chronic pain, women, menstrual cycle, hyperalgesia, pain threshold, pain tolerance, pain sensitivity, pain reactivity, pain perception, central sensitization, quality of life, sleep, treatment, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.\n\nRESULTS: Women with dysmenorrhea, compared with women without dysmenorrhea, have greater sensitivity to experimental pain both within and outside areas of referred menstrual pain. Importantly, the enhanced pain sensitivity is evident even in phases of the menstrual cycle when women are not experiencing menstrual pain, illustrating that long-term differences in pain perception extend outside of the painful menstruation phase. This enhanced pain sensitivity may increase susceptibility to other chronic pain conditions in later life; dysmenorrhea is a risk factor for fibromyalgia. Further, dysmenorrheic pain has an immediate negative impact on quality of life, for up to a few days every month. Women with primary dysmenorrhea have a significantly reduced quality of life, poorer mood and poorer sleep quality during menstruation compared with their pain-free follicular phase, and compared with the menstruation phase of pain-free control women. The prescribed first-line therapy for menstrual pain remains non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which are effective in relieving daytime and night-time pain.\n\nCONCLUSION: Further study is needed to determine whether effectively blocking dysmenorrheic pain ameliorates risk for the development of chronic pain disorders and to explore whether it is possible to prevent the development-and not just treat-severe dysmenorrheic pain in adolescent girls. In conclusion, we demonstrate the extensive multi-factorial impact of dysmenorrhea and we encourage and direct researchers to necessary future studies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction update"}}},"pageStart":"762","pageEnd":"78","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmv039","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35766030"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humupd/dmv039"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26346058"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35766030"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/perceived-stress-reproductive-hormones-and-ovulatory-function-a-prospective-cohort-study-rectdfgbzga9jzt2b/","name":"Perceived stress, reproductive hormones, and ovulatory function: a prospective cohort study","headline":"Perceived stress, reproductive hormones, and ovulatory function: a prospective cohort study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/perceived-stress-reproductive-hormones-and-ovulatory-function-a-prospective-cohort-study-rectdfgbzga9jzt2b/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kerri Kissell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Office of Extramural Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05aq6yn88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K A Ahrens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5139-9208","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neil J Perkins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6802-4733","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ankita Prasad","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0634-2370","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindsey A Sjaarda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0539-8110","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Catherine J. Vladutiu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8840-2199","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Wactawski-Wende","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3096-9595","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}}],"datePublished":"2015-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Epidemiology"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/EDE.0000000000000238","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35043126"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/EDE.0000000000000238"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35043126"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2014-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2014-yprdxzw8/","name":"DIR Jahrbuch 2014 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2014)","headline":"DIR Jahrbuch 2014 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2014)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2014-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2014-yprdxzw8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register e.V."}],"datePublished":"2015-01-01","abstract":"Annual report (Jahrbuch) of the Deutsches IVF-Register (DIR) for treatment year 2014. DIR is the German national IVF/ICSI registry, founded 1982 — the oldest continuously operating ART registry. Voluntary professional-society database with high de-facto coverage of German fertility centres. Reports cycles, transfers, pregnancies and clinical outcomes by treatment type (IVF, ICSI, frozen embryo transfer, donor). German-language registry document. Used as a Phase B historical-archive source for the ART Registry Comparison study (cross-registry classification by reporting completeness on 7 framework dimensions).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register Jahrbuch"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-lepidium-meyenii-walp-on-semen-parameters-and-serum-hormone-levels-in--zacwsoiq/","name":"Effect of Lepidium meyenii Walp. on Semen Parameters and Serum Hormone Levels in Healthy Adult Men: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Study","headline":"Effect of Lepidium meyenii Walp. on Semen Parameters and Serum Hormone Levels in Healthy Adult Men: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-lepidium-meyenii-walp-on-semen-parameters-and-serum-hormone-levels-in--zacwsoiq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Melnikovova I"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fait T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kolarova M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fernandez EC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Milella L"}],"datePublished":"2015-01-01","abstract":"Background/Aims. Products of Lepidium meyenii Walp. (maca) are touted worldwide as an alimentary supplement to enhance fertility and restore hormonal balance. Enhancing properties of maca on semen parameters in animals were previously reported by various authors, but we present to the best of our knowledge the first double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled pilot trial in men. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of maca on semen parameters and serum hormone levels in healthy adult men. Methods. A group of 20 volunteers aged 20-40 years was supplied by milled hypocotyl of maca or placebo (1.75 g/day) for 12 weeks. Negative controls of semen were compared to the samples after 6 and 12 weeks of maca administration; negative blood controls were compared to the samples after 12 weeks of treatment. Results. Sperm concentration and motility showed rising trends compared to placebo even though levels of hormones did not change significantly after 12 weeks of trial. Conclusion. Our results indicate that maca possesses fertility enhancing properties in men. As long as men prefer to use alimentary supplement to enhance fertility rather than prescribed medication or any medical intervention, it is worth continuing to assess its possible benefits.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2015","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM"}},"pageStart":"324369","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/324369","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36059513"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1155/2015/324369"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26421049"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36059513"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hfea-fertility-trends-and-figures-2013-recr75bglq8gfsoy3/","name":"HFEA Fertility Trends and Figures 2013","headline":"HFEA Fertility Trends and Figures 2013","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hfea-fertility-trends-and-figures-2013-recr75bglq8gfsoy3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority"}],"datePublished":"2015-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-accelerates-the-completion-of-sperm-capacitation-and-activates-cats-oertaocl/","name":"Progesterone Accelerates the Completion of Sperm Capacitation and Activates CatSper Channel in Spermatozoa from the Rhesus Macaque","headline":"Progesterone Accelerates the Completion of Sperm Capacitation and Activates CatSper Channel in Spermatozoa from the Rhesus Macaque","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-accelerates-the-completion-of-sperm-capacitation-and-activates-cats-oertaocl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sumigama S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mansell S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Meghan Miller","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7740-0510","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Davis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lishko PV","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3140-2769"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cherr GN"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Meyers SA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tollner T"}],"datePublished":"2015-01-01","abstract":"During transit through the female reproductive tract, mammalian spermatozoa are exposed to increasing concentrations of progesterone (P4) released by the cumulus oophorus. P4 triggers massive calcium influx into human sperm through activation of the sperm-specific calcium channel CatSper. These properties of human spermatozoa are thought to be unique since CatSper is not progesterone sensitive in rodent sperm. Here, by performing patch clamp recording from spermatozoa from rhesus macaque for the first time, we report that they express P4-sensitive CatSper channel identically to human sperm and react to P4 by inducing responsiveness to zona pellucida, unlike human sperm, which respond directly to P4. We have also determined the physiologic levels of P4 capable of inducing capacitation-associated changes in macaque sperm. Progesterone (1 μM) induced up to a 3-fold increase in the percentage of sperm undergoing the zona pellucida-induced acrosome reaction with the lowest threshold as low as 10 nM of P4. Submicromolar levels of P4 induced a dose-dependent increase in curvilinear velocity and lateral head displacement, while sperm protein tyrosine phosphorylation was not altered. Macaque spermatozoa exposed to 10 μM of P4 developed fully hyperactivated motility. Similar to human sperm, on approaching cumulus mass and binding to zona pellucida, macaque spermatozoa display hyperactivation and undergo an acrosome reaction that coincides with the rise in the sperm intracellular calcium. Taken together, these data indicate that P4 accelerates the completion of capacitation and provides evidence of spermatozoa \"priming\" as they move into a gradient of progesterone in search for the oocyte.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Biology of reproduction"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod.115.129783","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1095/biolreprod.115.129783"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26490839"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/international-committee-for-monitoring-assisted-reproductive-technologies-world--zqqgy21w/","name":"International committee for monitoring assisted reproductive technologies: world report on assisted reproductive technologies, 2007","headline":"International committee for monitoring assisted reproductive technologies: world report on assisted reproductive technologies, 2007","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/international-committee-for-monitoring-assisted-reproductive-technologies-world--zqqgy21w/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ishihara O"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G David Adamson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5387-7629","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Endometriosis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01q5m4507"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Silke Dyer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6196-8187","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Groote Schuur Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00c879s84"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacques de Mouzon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9465-3488","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nygren KG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sullivan EA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fernando Zegers-Hochschild","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6234-6179","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Clínica Las Condes","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j5bwe91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Mansour","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0758-3387","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Egyptian IVF-ET Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035aahr55"}}],"datePublished":"2015 Feb","abstract":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.11.004. Epub 2014 Dec 13. International committee for monitoring assisted reproductive technologies: world report on assisted reproductive technologies, 2007. Ishihara O(1), Adamson GD(2), Dyer S(3), de Mouzon J(4), Nygren KG(5), Sullivan EA(6), Zegers-Hochschild F(7), Mansour R(8). (1)Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Saitama Medical University, Moroyama, Japan. Electronic address: osamishr@saitama-med.ac.jp. (2)Palo Alto Medical Foundation Fertility Physicians of North California, San Jose, California. (3)Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Groote Schuur Hopsital and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. (4)National Institute for Health and Medical Research, Gynecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine Unit, Cochin-Saint Vincent de Paul University Hospital, Paris, France. (5)Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden. (6)Faculty of Health, University of Technology, Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. (7)Clinica las Condes and Program of Ethics and Public Policies in Human Reproduction, University Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile. (8)Egyptian In Vitro Fertilization-Embryo Transfer Center, Cairo, Egypt. OBJECTIVE: To analyze information on assisted reproductive technology (ART) performed worldwide, and trends in outcomes over successive years. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey on access, efficiency, and safety of ART procedures performed in 55 countries during 2007. SETTING: Not applicable. PATIENT(S): Infertile women and men undergoing ART globally. INTERVENTION(S): Collection and analysis of international ART data. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Number of cycles performed, by country and region, including pregnancies, single and multiple birth rates, and perinatal mortality. RESULT(S): Overall, >1,251,881 procedures with ART were reported, and resulted in 229,442 reported babies born. The availability of ART varied by country, from 12 to 4,140 treatments per million population. Of all aspiration cycles, 65.2% (400,617 of 614,540) were intracytoplasmic sperm injection. The overall delivery rate per fresh aspiration was 20.3%, and for frozen-embryo transfer (FET), 18.4%, with a cumulative delivery rate of 25.8%. With wide regional variations, single-embryo transfer represented 23.4% of fresh transfers, and the proportion of deliveries with twins and triplets from fresh transfers was 22.3% and 1.2%, respectively. The perinatal mortality rate was 19.9 per 1,000 births for fresh in vitro fertilization using intracytoplasmic sperm injection, and 9.6 per 1,000 for FET. The proportion of women aged ≥40 years increased to 19.8% from 15.5% in 2006. CONCLUSION(S): The international trend toward <3 transferred embryos continued, as did the wider uptake of FET. This was achieved without compromising delivery rates. The application of ART for women aged >40 years was a major component of ART services in some regions and countries. Copyright © 2015 American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.11.004","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41681366"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.11.004"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25516078"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41681366"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-surveillance-united-states-2013-nb0wjjyc/","name":"Assisted Reproductive Technology Surveillance - 
United States, 2013","headline":"Assisted Reproductive Technology Surveillance - 
United States, 2013","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-surveillance-united-states-2013-nb0wjjyc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Saswati Sunderam","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dmitry M. Kissin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6483-0474","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sara B. Crawford","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Suzanne G. Folger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Denise J Jamieson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2597-1201","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lee Warner","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wanda D. Barfield","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5875-0475","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)"}],"datePublished":"2015 Dec 4","abstract":"Assisted Reproductive Technology Surveillance - 
United States, 2013. Sunderam S, Kissin DM, Crawford SB, Folger SG, Jamieson DJ, Warner L, Barfield WD; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). PROBLEM/CONDITION: Since the first U.S. infant conceived with assisted reproductive technology (ART) was born in 1981, both the use of ART and the number of fertility clinics providing ART services have increased steadily in the United States. ART includes fertility treatments in which eggs or embryos are handled in the laboratory (i.e., in vitro fertilization [IVF] and related procedures). Women who undergo ART procedures are more likely than women who conceive naturally to deliver multiple-birth infants. Multiple births pose substantial risks to both mothers and infants, including obstetric complications, preterm delivery, and low birthweight infants. This report provides state-specific information for the United States (including Puerto Rico) on ART procedures performed in 2013 and compares infant outcomes that occurred in 2013 (resulting from ART procedures performed in 2012 and 2013) with outcomes for all infants born in the United States in 2013. REPORTING PERIOD COVERED: 2013. DESCRIPTION OF SYSTEM: In 1996, CDC began collecting data on ART procedures performed in fertility clinics in the United States as mandated by the Fertility Clinic Success Rate and Certification Act of 1992 (FCSRCA) (Public Law 102-493). Data are collected through the National ART Surveillance System (NASS), a web-based data collection system developed by CDC. This report includes data from 52 reporting areas (the 50 states, the District of Columbia [DC], and Puerto Rico). RESULTS: In 2013, a total of 160,521 ART procedures (range: 109 in Wyoming to 20,299 in California) with the intent to transfer at least one embryo were performed in 467 U.S. fertility clinics and were reported to CDC. These procedures resulted in 53,252 live-birth deliveries (range: 47 in Alaska to 6,979 in California) and 66,691 infants (range: 61 in Alaska to 8,649 in California). Nationally, the total number of ART procedures performed per million women of reproductive age (15-44 years), a proxy measure of the ART usage rate, was 2,521 (range: 352 in Puerto Rico to 7,688 in DC). ART use exceeded the national rate in 13 reporting areas (California, Connecticut, Delaware, Hawaii, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Rhode Island, Virginia, and DC). Nationally, among ART transfer procedures in patients using fresh embryos from their own eggs, the average number of embryos transferred increased with increasing age of the woman (1.8 among women aged <35 years, 2.0 among women aged 35-37 years, and 2.5 among women aged >37 years). Among women aged <35 years, who typically are considered to be good candidates for elective single embryo transfer (eSET) procedures, the national eSET rate was 21.4% (range: 4.0% in Idaho to 77.5% in Delaware). In 2013, ART contributed to 1.6% of all infants born in the United States (range: 0.2% in Puerto Rico to 4.8% in Massachusetts) and 18.7% of all multiple-birth infants (range: 4.5% in Puerto Rico to 35.7% in Massachusetts), including 18.5% of all twin infants (range: 4.5% in Mississippi to 35.3% in Massachusetts) and 25.2% of all triplet and higher-order infants (range: 0% in several reporting areas to 51.5% in New Jersey). Multiple-birth deliveries were higher among infants conceived with ART (41.1%; range: 20.4% in Delaware to 61.6% in Wyoming) than among all infants born in the total birth population (only 3.5%; range: 1.8% in Puerto Rico to 4.5% in Massachusetts and New Jersey). Approximately 39% of ART-conceived infants were twin infants, and 2% were triplet and higher-order infants. ART-conceived twins accounted for approximately 95.4% of all ART-conceived infants born in multiple deliveries. Nationally, infants conceived with ART contributed to 5.8% of all low birthweight (<2,500 grams) infants (range: 0.9% in Puerto Rico to 15.1% in Massachusetts). Among ART-conceived infants, 29.1% were low birthweight (range: 18.3% in Delaware to 42.6% in Louisiana), compared with 8.0% among all infants (range: 5.8% in Alaska to 11.5% in Mississippi). ART-conceived infants contributed to 4.6% of all preterm (<37 weeks) infants (range: 0.6% in Puerto Rico to 13.3% in Massachusetts). Preterm birth rates were higher among infants conceived with ART (33.6%; range: 22.3% in DC to 50.7% in Louisiana) than among all infants born in the total birth population (11.4%; range: 8.8% in California to 16.6% in Mississippi). The percentage of ART-conceived infants who were low birthweight was 9.0% (range: 5.1% in Mississippi to 19.7% in Puerto Rico) among singletons and 56.3% (range: 48.3% in Maine to 72.4% in Puerto Rico) among twins; the corresponding percentages among all infants born were 6.3% for singletons (range: 4.6% in Alaska to 9.6% in Mississippi and Puerto Rico) and 55.3% for twins (range: 43.6% in Alas","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Surveillance summaries (Washington, D.C. : 2002)"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.ss6411a1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q137775026"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.15585/mmwr.ss6411a1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26633040"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q137775026"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-surveillance-united-states-2012-fsy1rrqf/","name":"Assisted Reproductive Technology Surveillance — United States, 2012","headline":"Assisted Reproductive Technology Surveillance — United States, 2012","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-surveillance-united-states-2012-fsy1rrqf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Saswati Sunderam","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dmitry M. Kissin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6483-0474","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sara B. Crawford","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Suzanne G. Folger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Denise J Jamieson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2597-1201","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lee Warner","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wanda D. Barfield","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5875-0475","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)"}],"datePublished":"2015 Aug 14","abstract":"Sunderam S, Kissin DM, Crawford SB, Folger SG, Jamieson DJ, Warner L, Barfield \nWD; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Surveillance summaries (Washington, D.C. : 2002)"},"sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41486361","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26270152"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41486361"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/it-just-happens-a-qualitative-study-exploring-low-income-womens-perspectives-on--recidfa7romnpktap/","name":"\"It just happens\": a qualitative study exploring low-income women's perspectives on pregnancy intention and planning","headline":"\"It just happens\": a qualitative study exploring low-income women's perspectives on pregnancy intention and planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/it-just-happens-a-qualitative-study-exploring-low-income-womens-perspectives-on--recidfa7romnpktap/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sonya Borrero","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8292-8838","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pittsburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cara Nikolajski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4922-6663","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pittsburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Julia R Steinberg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9678-6623","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/029m7xn54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lori Freedman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6187-5543","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aletha Y Akers","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1196-7033","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Magee Womens Hospital and University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Said A. Ibrahim","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2657-8834","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Philadelphia VA Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03j05zz84"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eleanor Bimla Schwarz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9912-8236","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Davis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Said Ibrahim","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9668-7139","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"VA Center for Health Equity, Research, and Promotion, Philadelphia VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia,..."}}],"datePublished":"2014-12-06","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: Unintended pregnancy is common and disproportionately occurs among low-income women. We conducted a qualitative study with low-income women to better typologize pregnancy intention, understand the relationship between pregnancy intention and contraceptive use, and identify the contextual factors that shape pregnancy intention and contraceptive behavior.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: Semistructured interviews were conducted with low-income, African-American and white women aged 18-45 recruited from reproductive health clinics in Pittsburgh, PA, to explore factors that influence women's pregnancy-related behaviors. Narratives were analyzed using content analysis and the constant comparison method.\n\nRESULTS: Among the 66 participants (36 African-American and 30 white), we identified several factors that may impede our public health goal of increasing the proportion of pregnancies that are consciously desired and planned. First, women do not always perceive that they have reproductive control and therefore do not necessarily formulate clear pregnancy intentions. Second, the benefits of a planned pregnancy may not be evident. Third, because preconception intention and planning do not necessarily occur, decisions about the acceptability of a pregnancy are often determined after the pregnancy has already occurred. Finally, even when women express a desire to avoid pregnancy, their contraceptive behaviors are not necessarily congruent with their desires. We also identified several clinically relevant and potentially modifiable factors that help to explain this intention-behavior discrepancy, including women's perceptions of low fecundity and their experiences with male partner contraceptive sabotage.\n\nCONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that the current conceptual framework that views pregnancy-related behaviors from a strict planned behavior perspective may be limited, particularly among low-income populations.\n\nIMPLICATIONS: This study identified several cognitive and interpersonal pathways to unintended pregnancy among low-income women in Pittsburgh, PA, including perceptions of low reproductive control, perceptions of low fecundity and male partner reproductive coercion.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"91","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"150","pageEnd":"156","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2014.09.014","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35002017"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.contraception.2014.09.014"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25477272"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35002017"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/health-and-disease-in-children-born-after-assistive-reproductive-therapies-xxa6xrjs/","name":"Health and disease in children born after assistive reproductive therapies (ART","headline":"Health and disease in children born after assistive reproductive therapies (ART","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/health-and-disease-in-children-born-after-assistive-reproductive-therapies-xxa6xrjs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hyrapetian M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Loucaides EM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A G Sutcliffe","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Free and University College Medical School, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Royal Free Campus, NW3 2PF, London, UK. icsi@rfc.ucl.ac.uk"}}],"datePublished":"2014-12-01","abstract":"In vitro fertilisation (IVF) and other assisted reproductive therapies (ART) offer hope to subfertile couples worldwide. At least 5 million ART children have been born to date. Their health is an issue that is increasingly relevant: first, to those children and young adults themselves; second, to couples considering fertility treatment; and third, to the general population as ART has progressed from experimental treatment to routine practice. Many concerns about the potential risks to these children have been voiced with varying degrees of supportive evidence. This article summarises some key long-term data. Current evidence suggests that ART does increase risk of: higher order pregnancy (with its inherent pre- and perinatal risks); prematurity and low birth weight; congenital malformations in particular of the male urogenital system; imprinting disorders. Reassuringly, evidence points away from an increased overall cancer risk or differences in neurodevelopmental outcomes. Many unknowns remain, including future fertility and cardiovascular risks and risk of cerebral palsy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"106","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of reproductive immunology"}},"pageStart":"21","pageEnd":"6","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jri.2014.08.001","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38273459"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jri.2014.08.001"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25438931"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38273459"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/depressive-symptoms-and-their-relationship-with-endogenous-reproductive-hormones-reczcd1zvw3gjkj2c/","name":"Depressive symptoms and their relationship with endogenous reproductive hormones and sporadic anovulation in premenopausal women","headline":"Depressive symptoms and their relationship with endogenous reproductive hormones and sporadic anovulation in premenopausal women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/depressive-symptoms-and-their-relationship-with-endogenous-reproductive-hormones-reczcd1zvw3gjkj2c/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K A Ahrens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5139-9208","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindsey A Sjaarda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0539-8110","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neil J Perkins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6802-4733","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rebecca A. Matyas","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ankita Prasad","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0634-2370","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Wactawski-Wende","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3096-9595","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}}],"datePublished":"2014-12-01","abstract":"Purpose: To determine whether depressive symptoms are associated with ovulation or reproductive hormone concentrations in eumenorrheic women without a reported diagnosis of clinical depression.\n\nMethods: A prospective cohort of 248 regularly menstruating women, aged 18 to 44 years (27.3 ± 8.2) were evaluated for depressive symptoms at baseline using the 20-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) scale and categorized dichotomously (<16, no depressive symptoms [92%] vs. ≥ 16, depressive symptoms [8%]). Serum concentrations of estradiol, progesterone, luteinizing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone were measured up to eight times per cycle for up to two menstrual cycles. Linear mixed models estimated associations between depressive symptoms and hormone concentrations, whereas generalized linear mixed models assessed their relationship with sporadic anovulation.\n\nResults: No significant associations were identified between depressive symptoms and reproductive hormone levels (all P > .05) or the odds of sporadic anovulation (adjusted odds ratio, 1.1; 95% confidence interval, [0.02-5.0]), after adjusting for age, race, body mass index, perceived stress level, and alcohol consumption.\n\nConclusions: Despite reported associations between mental health and menstrual cycle dysfunction, depressive symptoms were not associated with reproductive hormone concentrations or sporadic anovulation in this cohort of regularly menstruating women with no recent (within 1 year) self-reported history of clinical depression.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Annals of epidemiology"}}},"pageStart":"920","pageEnd":"924","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annepidem.2014.10.005","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35163588"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.annepidem.2014.10.005"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25453349"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35163588"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/between-advanced-medical-technology-and-prayer-infertility-treatment-in-post-soc-recqdrugxnixa13ez/","name":"Between Advanced Medical Technology and Prayer: Infertility Treatment in Post-socialist Poland*","headline":"Between Advanced Medical Technology and Prayer: Infertility Treatment in Post-socialist Poland*","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/between-advanced-medical-technology-and-prayer-infertility-treatment-in-post-soc-recqdrugxnixa13ez/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Magdalena Radkowska-Walkowicz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4127-9592","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Warsaw","sameAs":"https://ror.org/039bjqg32"}}],"datePublished":"2014-12-01","abstract":"In Poland, invitro fertilisation technology (IVF) has been in use for over 25 years, garnering success and social approval. However, in 2007, a heated debate erupted on the moral, legal and economic aspects of IVF. A growing chorus of emphatic Catholic voices calls for IVF to be banned. This paper focuses on 'naprotechnology', a new actor and a fresh card in Poland's IVF debate. This method of treating infertility in accordance with the teachings of the Catholic Church is promoted as a cheaper and more effective alternative to IVF. Naprotechnology is primarily based on close observation of the female fertility cycle, but also involves pharmacological or surgical treatments. Most Polish gynecologists specialising in infertility treatments are strongly critical of the method, which is seldom referenced in international medical literature. Nonetheless, naprotechnology has considerable exposure in major Polish media outlets. The method has been debated in the Polish Parliament and is promoted by many politicians. The author argues that, despite the possible perception of naprotechnology as an emancipating force, it is in fact a form of a colonisation of the female body and strengthens traditional gender imagery and modern forms of discipline (control, confession, body regimes).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"50","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Czech sociological review"}}},"pageStart":"939","pageEnd":"960","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.13060/00380288.2014.50.6.149","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.13060/00380288.2014.50.6.149"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/treating-morning-sickness-in-the-united-stateschanges-in-prescribing-are-needed-hbfamyib/","name":"Treating morning sickness in the United States--changes in prescribing are needed","headline":"Treating morning sickness in the United States--changes in prescribing are needed","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/treating-morning-sickness-in-the-united-stateschanges-in-prescribing-are-needed-hbfamyib/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"G Koren","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2275-0713"}],"datePublished":"2014-12-01","abstract":"Presently, 97.7% of prescriptions for the treatment of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy in the United States are with medications not labeled for use in pregnancy, not indicated for nausea and vomiting in pregnancy, and not classified as safe in pregnancy by the Food and Drug Administration. The use of ondansetron for nausea and vomiting in pregnancy has increased from 50,000 monthly prescriptions in 2008 to 110,000 at the end of 2013, despite unresolved issues regarding fetal safety and Food and Drug Administration warnings about serious dysrhythmias. In April 2013, the Food and Drug Administration approved the combination of doxylamine and pyridoxine, specifically for nausea and vomiting in pregnancy symptoms. Now that a safe and effective drug is available in the United States, there is no reason for women to be exposed to a drug of unproven maternal and fetal safety.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"211","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American journal of obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"602","pageEnd":"6","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2014.08.017","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34434754"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ajog.2014.08.017"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25151184"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34434754"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/is-there-a-relationship-between-mood-disorders-and-dysmenorrhea-obg9j2jc/","name":"Is There a Relationship between Mood Disorders and Dysmenorrhea?","headline":"Is There a Relationship between Mood Disorders and Dysmenorrhea?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/is-there-a-relationship-between-mood-disorders-and-dysmenorrhea-obg9j2jc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Balık G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Üstüner I"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kağıtcı M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Şahin FK"}],"datePublished":"2014-12-01","abstract":"Objective: Menstrual problems are common among adolescent females. Mood changes are related to menstrual problems (menorrhagia, dysmenorrhea, and abnormal menstrual cycle length). The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between depressive symptoms, anxiety, and premenstrual syndrome (PMS) with dysmenorrhea in adolescent girls.\n\nMethods: A total of 159 adolescent girls (aged 13-19 y) with regular menstrual cycles presenting to the gynecology clinic with any complaints were included in the study during April-May 2013. All of the participants filled up the sociodemographic data collection form, FACES Pain Rating Scale, Beck anxiety inventory (BAI), Beck depression inventory (BDI), and a questionnaire form on criteria for PMS. Mann-Whitney U and chi-square tests were used to analyze the data.\n\nResults: The prevalence of dysmenorrhea was 67.9%. The mean BAI and BDI scores of the patients were 13.64 ± 12.81 and 11.88 ± 10.83, respectively. Statistically significant differences were observed between patients and control groups on the BAI and BDI scoring (P < .05). At least 1 of the symptoms of the PMS was detected in all of the participants and 29 (18.2%) of them were diagnosed as premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). The mean BAI score of the patients with PMS and PMDD were 9.65 ± 9.28 and 21.31 ± 15.75, respectively. The mean BDI score of the patients with PMS and PMDD were 8.39 ± 8.62 and 19.1 ± 11.85, respectively. Statistically significant differences were observed between PMS/PMDD and BAI/BDI scoring (P = .00).\n\nConclusion: Adolescent girls with dysmenorrhea have an increased risk of depression and anxiety. These results of our study are significant in emphasizing the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to primary dysmenorrhea follow-up and treatment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"27","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"371","pageEnd":"374","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpag.2014.01.108","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47809198"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jpag.2014.01.108"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47809198"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/is-postpartum-depression-a-disease-of-modern-civilization-xdzydhbo/","name":"Is Postpartum Depression a Disease of Modern Civilization?","headline":"Is Postpartum Depression a Disease of Modern Civilization?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/is-postpartum-depression-a-disease-of-modern-civilization-xdzydhbo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hahn-Holbrook J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Haselton M"}],"datePublished":"2014-12-01","abstract":"Access to calorie-dense foods, medicine, and other comforts has made modern humans healthier than our prehistoric ancestors in many respects. However, the epidemics of obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease suggest that there are also drawbacks to modern living. Here, we address the question of whether the dramatic cultural changes that have occurred over the past century have inflated rates of postpartum depression, adding postpartum depression to the list of \"diseases of modern civilization.\" We review evidence from cross-cultural, epidemiological, and experimental studies documenting associations between postpartum depression and modern patterns of early weaning, diets deficient in essential fatty acids, low levels of physical activity, low levels of sun exposure, and isolation from kin support networks, all of which mark significant divergences from lifestyles believed to have been typical throughout human evolutionary history. This \"mismatch hypothesis\" of postpartum depression integrates research across diverse research areas and generates novel predictions.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"23","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Current directions in psychological science"}}},"pageStart":"395","pageEnd":"400","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721414547736","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33664672"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/0963721414547736"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28503034"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33664672"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-awareness-based-methods-and-subfertility-a-systematic-review-recdfbz5q4ksflbdx/","name":"'Fertility Awareness-Based Methods' and subfertility: a systematic review","headline":"'Fertility Awareness-Based Methods' and subfertility: a systematic review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-awareness-based-methods-and-subfertility-a-systematic-review-recdfbz5q4ksflbdx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A Meier","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4183-0612","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W Ombelet","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7206-1537","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Genk Institute for Fertility Technology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Schiepse Bos 6, 3600 Genk, Belgium. ; Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt Univ..."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Panis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3433-4466","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Thijssen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9359-9443","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Genk Institute for Fertility Technology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Schiepse Bos 6, 3600 Genk, Belgium. ; Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt Univ..."}}],"datePublished":"2014-11-07","abstract":"Fertility awareness based methods (FABMs) can be used to ameliorate the likelihood to conceive. A literature search was performed to evaluate the relationship of cervical mucus monitoring (CMM) and the day-specific -pregnancy rate, in case of subfertility. A MEDLINE search revealed a total of 3331 articles. After excluding articles based on their relevance, 10 studies and were selected. The observed studies demonstrated that the cervical mucus monitoring (CMM) can identify the days with the highest pregnancy rate. According to the literature, the quality of the vaginal discharge correlates well with the cycle-specific probability of pregnancy in normally fertile couples but less in subfertile couples. The results indicate an urgent need for more prospective randomised trials and -prospective cohort studies on CMM in a subfertile population to evaluate the effectiveness of CMM in the subfertile couple.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Facts, Views & Vision in ObGyn"}}},"pageStart":"113","pageEnd":"123","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34439739","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25374654"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34439739"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ten-year-incident-osteoporosis-related-fractures-in-the-population-based-canadia-recbydxlkwj9bbqcq/","name":"Ten-year incident osteoporosis-related fractures in the population-based Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study - comparing site and age-specific risks in women and men","headline":"Ten-year incident osteoporosis-related fractures in the population-based Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study - comparing site and age-specific risks in women and men","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ten-year-incident-osteoporosis-related-fractures-in-the-population-based-canadia-recbydxlkwj9bbqcq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa Langsetmo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2245-1657","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudie Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5499-2661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher S Kovacs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5219-9993","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John’s, NL, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04haebc03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S M Kaiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3222-3711","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tassos Anastassiades","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5805-0364","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tanveer Towheed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8738-9394","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Rheumatology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rtaxr13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"William D Leslie","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1056-1691","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02gfys938"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nancy Kreiger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"CaMOS Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandra Papaioannou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9412-0932","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brian C Lentle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6433-0509","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of RadiologyUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1406-4251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert G Josse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-6264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephanie M Kaiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7183-5754","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}}],"datePublished":"2014-11-07","abstract":"Background: Population-based incident fracture data aid fracture prevention and therapy decisions. Our purpose was to describe 10-year site-specific cumulative fracture incidence by sex, age at baseline, and degree of trauma with/without consideration of competing mortality in the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study adult cohort.\n\nMethods: Incident fractures and mortality were identified by annual postal questionnaires to the participant or proxy respondent. Date, site and circumstance of fracture were gathered from structured interviews and medical records. Fracture analyses were stratified by sex and age at baseline and used both Kaplan-Meier and competing mortality methods.\n\nResults: The baseline (1995-97) cohort included 6314 women and 2789 men (aged 25-84 years; mean±SD 62±12 and 59±14, respectively), with 4322 (68%) women and 1732 (62%) men followed to year-10. At least one incident fracture occurred for 930 women (14%) and 247 men (9%). Competing mortality exceeded fracture risk for men aged 65+years at baseline. Age was a strong predictor of incident fractures especially fragility fractures, with higher age gradients for women vs. men. Major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) (hip, clinical spine, forearm, humerus) accounted for 41-74% of fracture risk by sex/age strata; in women all MOF sites showed age-related increases but in men only hip was clearly age-related. The most common fractures were the forearm for women and the ribs for men. Hip fracture incidence was the highest for the 75-84 year baseline age-group with no significant difference between women 7.0% (95% CI 5.3, 8.9) and men 7.0% (95% CI 4.4, 10.3).\n\nInterpretation: There are sex differences in the predominant sites and age-gradients of fracture. In older men, competing mortality exceeds cumulative fracture risk.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"71","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Bone"}},"pageStart":"237","pageEnd":"243","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2014.10.026","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37388837"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.bone.2014.10.026"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25451323"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37388837"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/favorable-effects-of-vitamin-d-supplementation-on-pregnancy-outcomes-in-gestatio-recw6dr9frii4epau/","name":"Favorable effects of vitamin D supplementation on pregnancy outcomes in gestational diabetes: a double blind randomized controlled clinical trial","headline":"Favorable effects of vitamin D supplementation on pregnancy outcomes in gestational diabetes: a double blind randomized controlled clinical trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/favorable-effects-of-vitamin-d-supplementation-on-pregnancy-outcomes-in-gestatio-recw6dr9frii4epau/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Zatollah Asemi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8985-7224","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kashan University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dc0dy65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Karamali","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7662-1300","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Arak University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056mgfb42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Esmaillzadeh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8735-6047","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Isfahan University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04waqzz56"}}],"datePublished":"2014-11-06","abstract":"Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been recognized as a significant risk factor for unfavorable pregnancy outcomes. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent among women with GDM. This study was designed to assess the effect of vitamin D supplementation on pregnancy outcomes of pregnant women with GDM who were not on oral hypoglycemic agents. This randomized controlled clinical trial was performed among 45 pregnant women diagnosed with GDM at 24-28 weeks' gestation. Subjects were randomly assigned to consume either vitamin D supplements (cholecalciferol) or placebo. Individuals in the vitamin D group (n=22) received 50 000 IU vitamin D3 pearl 2 times during the study: at study baseline and day 21 of intervention and those in placebo group (n=23) received 2 placebos at the mentioned times. Fasting blood samples were taken at baseline to measure fasting plasma glucose. Participants underwent a 3-h oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) and the blood samples were collected at time 60, 120, and 180 min to measure plasma glucose levels. Newborn's weight, height, head circumference, Apgar score, and hyperbilirubinemia were determined. Taking vitamin D supplements, compared with placebo, resulted in improved pregnancy outcomes; such that those in the vitamin D group had no case of polyhydramnios, while 17.4% of subjects in placebo group had this condition (p=0.04). In addition, newborn's hyperbilirubinemia was significantly lower in vitamin D group than that in placebo group (27.3% vs. 60.9%, p=0.02). In conclusion, vitamin D supplementation for 6 weeks among pregnant women with GDM resulted in decreased maternal polyhydramnios and infant hyperbilirubinemia compared with placebo. Clinical trial registration number www.irct.ir:IRCT201305115623N7.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"47","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Hormone and Metabolic Research = Hormon- Und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones Et  Metabolisme"}}},"pageStart":"565","pageEnd":"570","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0034-1394414","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51313209"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1055/s-0034-1394414"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25372774"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q51313209"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/neonatal-survival-after-prolonged-preterm-premature-rupture-of-membranes-before--8wtwjib3/","name":"Neonatal survival after prolonged preterm premature rupture of membranes before 24 weeks of gestation","headline":"Neonatal survival after prolonged preterm premature rupture of membranes before 24 weeks of gestation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/neonatal-survival-after-prolonged-preterm-premature-rupture-of-membranes-before--8wtwjib3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Brumbaugh JE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Colaizy TT"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nuangchamnong N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"O'Brien EA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fleener DK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rijhsinghani A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Klein JM"}],"datePublished":"2014-11-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate neonatal survival after prolonged preterm premature rupture of membranes (PROM) in the era of antenatal corticosteroids, surfactant, and inhaled nitric oxide.\n\nMETHODS: A single-center retrospective cohort study of neonates born from 2002-2011 after prolonged (1 week or more) preterm (less than 24 weeks of gestation) rupture of membranes was performed. The primary outcome was survival to discharge. Neonates whose membranes ruptured less than 24 hours before delivery (n=116) were matched (2:1) on gestational age at birth, sex, and antenatal corticosteroid exposure with neonates whose membranes ruptured 1 week or more before delivery (n=58). Analysis used conditional logistic regression for categorical data and Wilcoxon signed rank test for continuous data.\n\nRESULTS: The prolonged preterm PROM exposed and unexposed cohorts had survival rates of 90% and 95%, respectively, although underpowered to assess the statistical significance (P=.313). Exposed neonates were more likely have pulmonary hypoplasia (26/58 exposed, 1/114 unexposed, P<.001), pulmonary hypertension (21/56 exposed, 10/112 unexposed, P<.001), and pulmonary air leak (21/58 exposed, 14/114 unexposed, P<.001). Gestational age at rupture (20.4 weeks exposed, 22.3 weeks unexposed, P=.189), length of rupture (3.7 weeks exposed, 6.4 weeks unexposed, P=.717), and lowest maximal vertical pocket before 24 weeks of gestation (0 cm exposed, 1.4 cm unexposed, P=.114) did not discriminate between survivors and nonsurvivors after exposure to prolonged preterm PROM.\n\nCONCLUSION: With antenatal steroid exposure and aggressive pulmonary management, survival to discharge after prolonged preterm PROM was 90%. Pulmonary morbidities were common. Of note, the data were limited to women who remained pregnant 1 week or longer after rupture of membranes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"124","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"992","pageEnd":"998","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0000000000000511","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44814744"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/AOG.0000000000000511"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25437729"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44814744"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-19-targeted-hormone-assessment-of-the-menstrual-cycle-recmjdtf8lmzdrxxj/","name":"Chapter 19: Targeted Hormone Assessment of the Menstrual Cycle","headline":"Chapter 19: Targeted Hormone Assessment of the Menstrual Cycle","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-19-targeted-hormone-assessment-of-the-menstrual-cycle-recmjdtf8lmzdrxxj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindsey Marugg","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wright State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04qk6pt94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marie-Noelle Atkinson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wright State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04qk6pt94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ashley K. Fernandes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8376-0544","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cal Humanities","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0027wax95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arlete Fernandes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5872-0017","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04wffgt70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2014-11-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"81","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"}}},"pageStart":"363","pageEnd":"371","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43020754","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43020754"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/letrozole-or-clomiphene-for-infertility-in-the-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-recgrvvtlvs9dogjt/","name":"Letrozole or clomiphene for infertility in the polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"Letrozole or clomiphene for infertility in the polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/letrozole-or-clomiphene-for-infertility-in-the-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-recgrvvtlvs9dogjt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver NICHD Reproductive Medicine Network"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard S Legro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9927-7584","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01h22ap11"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hao Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9518-740X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangxi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02c9qn167"}}],"datePublished":"2014-10-09","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"371","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England journal of medicine"}}},"pageStart":"1463","pageEnd":"1464","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc1409550","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54133718"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJMc1409550"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25295506"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q54133718"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/is-a-foetus-developing-in-a-sterile-environment-rectw6mzykgcjdsut/","name":"Is a foetus developing in a sterile environment?","headline":"Is a foetus developing in a sterile environment?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/is-a-foetus-developing-in-a-sterile-environment-rectw6mzykgcjdsut/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"T M Wassenaar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7024-1139","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Molecular Microbiology and Genomics Consultants (Germany)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/026q2n359"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Panigrahi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0294-3964","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Nebraska Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00thqtb16"}}],"datePublished":"2014-10-03","abstract":"Novel findings in microbiology question the long-standing paradigm that a healthy pregnancy implies a sterile uterus. It now seems that the placenta is frequently colonized with bacteria, and a placental microbiome has been identified. Recent literature findings are summarized here, and an attempt is made to separate pathological bacterial presence from a naturally occurring microbiome.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"59","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Letters in Applied Microbiology"}}},"pageStart":"572","pageEnd":"579","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/lam.12334","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34441353"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/lam.12334"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25273890"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34441353"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diagnosing-and-managing-low-serum-testosterone-vkbnqx6w/","name":"Diagnosing and managing low serum testosterone","headline":"Diagnosing and managing low serum testosterone","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diagnosing-and-managing-low-serum-testosterone-vkbnqx6w/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rivas AM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mulkey Z"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lado-Abeal J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yarbrough S"}],"datePublished":"2014-10-01","abstract":"Measuring testosterone levels became easier in the 1970s, and it wasn't long before levels were being checked in men across all age groups. At that time, several authors reported an age-associated decline of serum testosterone levels beginning in the fourth or fifth decades of life. Other studies found that the decline in testosterone with age might be more related to comorbidities that develop in many aging men. Aggressive marketing campaigns by pharmaceutical companies have led to increased awareness of this topic, and primary care physicians are seeing more patients who are concerned about \"low T.\" Unfortunately, testosterone replacement therapy has not been straightforward. Many men with low testosterone levels have no symptoms, and many men with symptoms who receive treatment and reach goal testosterone levels have no improvement in their symptoms. The actual prevalence of hypogonadism has been estimated to be 39% in men aged 45 years or older presenting to primary care offices in the United States. As the US population ages, this number is likely to increase. This article, targeted to primary care physicians, reviews the concept of late-onset hypogonadism, describes how to determine the patients who might benefit from therapy, and offers recommendations regarding the workup and initiation of treatment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"27","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center)"}}},"pageStart":"321","pageEnd":"4","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/08998280.2014.11929145","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38284885"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/08998280.2014.11929145"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25484498"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38284885"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/world-endometriosis-research-foundation-endometriosis-phenome-and-biobanking-har-rec4zuzkope7om8go/","name":"World Endometriosis Research Foundation Endometriosis Phenome and Biobanking  Harmonisation Project: IV. Tissue collection, processing, and storage in  endometriosis research","headline":"World Endometriosis Research Foundation Endometriosis Phenome and Biobanking  Harmonisation Project: IV. Tissue collection, processing, and storage in  endometriosis research","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/world-endometriosis-research-foundation-endometriosis-phenome-and-biobanking-har-rec4zuzkope7om8go/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fassbender A, Rahmioglu N, Vitonis AF, Viganò P, Giudice LC, D'Hooghe TM, Hummelshoj L, Adamson GD, Becker CM, Missmer SA, Zondervan KT"}],"datePublished":"2014-09-27","abstract":"Objective: To harmonize standard operating procedures (SOPs) and standardize the recording of associated data for collection, processing, and storage of human tissues relevant to endometriosis.\nDesign: An international collaboration involving 34 clinical/academic centers and three industry collaborators from 16 countries on five continents.\nSetting: In 2013, two workshops were conducted followed by global consultation, bringing together 54 leaders in endometriosis research and sample processing from around the world. PATIENT(S): None. INTERVENTION(S): Consensus SOPs were based on: 1) systematic comparison of SOPs from 24 global centers collecting tissue samples from women with and without endometriosis on a medium or large scale (publication on >100 cases); 2) literature evidence where available, or consultation with laboratory experts otherwise; and 3) several global consultation rounds. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Standard recommended and minimum required SOPs for tissue collection, processing, and storage in endometriosis research. RESULT(S): We developed \"recommended standard\" and \"minimum required\" SOPs for the collection, processing, and storage of ectopic and eutopic endometrium, peritoneum, and myometrium, and a biospecimen data collection form necessary for interpretation of sample-derived results. CONCLUSION(S): The EPHect SOPs allow endometriosis research centers to decrease variability in tissue-based results, facilitating between-center comparisons and collaborations. The procedures are also relevant to research into other gynecologic conditions involving endometrium, myometrium, and peritoneum. The consensus SOPs are based on the best available evidence; areas with limited evidence are identified as requiring further pilot studies. The SOPs will be reviewed based on investigator feedback and through systematic triannual follow-up. Updated versions will be made available at: http://endometriosisfoundation.org/ephect.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"102","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1244","pageEnd":"1253","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.07.1209","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26827259"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.07.1209"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25256928"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q26827259"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/world-endometriosis-research-foundation-endometriosis-phenome-and-biobanking-har-rec12zuiz2zfk6ivx/","name":"World Endometriosis Research Foundation Endometriosis Phenome and Biobanking  Harmonization Project: II. Clinical and covariate phenotype data collection in  endometriosis research","headline":"World Endometriosis Research Foundation Endometriosis Phenome and Biobanking  Harmonization Project: II. Clinical and covariate phenotype data collection in  endometriosis research","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/world-endometriosis-research-foundation-endometriosis-phenome-and-biobanking-har-rec12zuiz2zfk6ivx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vitonis AF, Vincent K, Rahmioglu N, Fassbender A, Buck Louis GM, Hummelshoj L, Giudice LC, Stratton P, Adamson GD, Becker CM, Zondervan KT, Missmer SA"}],"datePublished":"2014-09-27","abstract":"Objective: To harmonize the collection of nonsurgical clinical and epidemiologic data relevant to endometriosis research, allowing large-scale collaboration.\nDesign: An international collaboration involving 34 clinical/academic centers and three industry collaborators from 16 countries on five continents.\nSetting: In 2013, two workshops followed by global consultation, bringing together 54 leaders in endometriosis research.\n\nPatients: None. INTERVENTION(S): Development of a self-administered endometriosis patient questionnaire (EPQ), based on [1] systematic comparison of questionnaires from eight centers that collect data from endometriosis cases (and controls/comparison women) on a medium to large scale (publication on >100 cases); [2] literature evidence; and [3] several global consultation rounds. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Standard recommended and minimum required questionnaires to capture detailed clinical and covariate data. RESULT(S): The standard recommended (EPHect EPQ-S) and minimum required (EPHect EPQ-M) questionnaires contain questions on pelvic pain, subfertility and menstrual/reproductive history, hormone/medication use, medical history, and personal information. CONCLUSION(S): The EPQ captures the basic set of patient characteristics and exposures considered by the WERF EPHect Working Group to be most critical for the advancement of endometriosis research, but is also relevant to other female conditions with similar risk factors and/or symptomatology. The instruments will be reviewed based on feedback from investigators, and-after a first review after 1 year-triannually through systematic follow-up surveys. Updated versions will be made available through http://endometriosisfoundation.org/ephect.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"102","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1223","pageEnd":"1232","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.07.1244","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30855249"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.07.1244"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25256930"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q30855249"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/how-humanae-vitae-has-advanced-reproductive-health-reccdui6mtcsb7qtg/","name":"How Humanae vitae has advanced reproductive health","headline":"How Humanae vitae has advanced reproductive health","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/how-humanae-vitae-has-advanced-reproductive-health-reccdui6mtcsb7qtg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Derek M Doroski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0349-8647","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Franciscan University of Steubenville","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00sfnf466"}}],"datePublished":"2014-09-25","abstract":"By encouraging doctors and scientists to improve the regulation of births through the observation of natural fertility rhythms, Humanae vitae promoted the development of natural family planning (NFP). The study of NFP has lead to NFP-based methodologies in reproductive healthcare that are promoting advances in treatment of infertility, miscarriage, and a number of reproductive health disorders. In contrast, the contraceptive mentality has stunted the development of reproductive healthcare. Humanae vitae has provided a great gift to science and reproductive healthcare that all Catholics should be proud of.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"81","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"286","pageEnd":"294","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1179/2050854914Y.0000000028","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34056007"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1179/2050854914Y.0000000028"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25249708"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34056007"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/billingsmentor-adapting-natural-family-planning-to-information-technology-and-re-rec4xi6bfw9zwneoo/","name":"billingsMentor: Adapting natural family planning to information technology and  relieving the user of unnecessary tasks","headline":"billingsMentor: Adapting natural family planning to information technology and  relieving the user of unnecessary tasks","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/billingsmentor-adapting-natural-family-planning-to-information-technology-and-re-rec4xi6bfw9zwneoo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Janet L. Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0664-9228"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4154-6280","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette Method Profess","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052gg0110"}}],"datePublished":"2014-09-25","abstract":"BillingsMentor is an automated Web-based service for the Billings Method of natural family planning in which the guidance and interpretation previously communicated from teacher to student is provided by programmed algorithms. There are two functions: (1) to instruct the client to generate proper descriptions of her fertility symptoms; and (2) to interpret the symptoms efficiently according to the Billings Method and to communicate the results to the client. The efficiency of billingsMentor was tested by using the historical records of students who were under the guidance of a teacher to emulate their experience under the guidance of billingsMentor. The results indicate that billingsMentor performs as well as the teacher/student in recognizing the peak of fertility but it is slightly less efficient than the teacher/student in establishing the basic infertile pattern. Advantages that arise from adapting natural family planning to information technology are discussed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"81","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"219","pageEnd":"238","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1179/2050854914Y.0000000024","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34056014"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1179/2050854914Y.0000000024"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25249704"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34056014"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-contraception-thrombosis-and-age-recxkwildym029c6z/","name":"Hormonal contraception, thrombosis and age","headline":"Hormonal contraception, thrombosis and age","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-contraception-thrombosis-and-age-recxkwildym029c6z/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Øjvind Lidegaard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9157-4004","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rigshospitalet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mchdq19"}}],"datePublished":"2014-09-18","abstract":"Introduction: This paper reviews the risk of thrombosis with use of different types of hormonal contraception in women of different ages. AREAS COVERED: Combined hormonal contraceptives with desogestrel, gestodene, drospirenone or cyproterone acetate (high-risk products) confer a sixfold increased risk of venous thromboembolism as compared with nonusers, and about twice the risk as compared with users of products with norethisterone, levonorgestrel or norgestimate (low-risk products). Transdermal patches and vaginal ring belong to high-risk products. The risk of thrombotic stroke and myocardial infarction is increased 50 - 100% with use of combined products, with little difference in risk between different progestins. Progestin-only products do not confer any increased risk of venous or arterial thrombosis, except for progestin depot, which may double the risk of venous thrombosis. EXPERT Opinion: First choice in women below 35 years should be a combined low-risk pill, that is, with a second-generation progestin, with the lowest compliable dose of estrogen. Young women with risk factors of thrombosis such as age above 35 years, genetic predispositions, adiposity, polycystic ovary syndrome, diabetes, smoking, hypertension or migraine with aura should not use high-risk products, but should primarily consider progestin-only products, and be careful to use low-risk combined products.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Expert Opinion on Drug Safety"}}},"pageStart":"1353","pageEnd":"1360","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1517/14740338.2014.950654","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38250178"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1517/14740338.2014.950654"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25227335"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38250178"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/impact-of-instruction-in-the-creighton-model-fertilitycare-system-on-time-to-pre-rec1y440pva8iiwlp/","name":"Impact of instruction in the Creighton model fertilitycare system on time to pregnancy in couples of proven fecundity: results of a randomised trial","headline":"Impact of instruction in the Creighton model fertilitycare system on time to pregnancy in couples of proven fecundity: results of a randomised trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/impact-of-instruction-in-the-creighton-model-fertilitycare-system-on-time-to-pre-rec1y440pva8iiwlp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ken R Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0682-3705","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael W Varner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9455-3973","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2014-09-17","abstract":"BACKGROUND: The Creighton Model FertilityCare System (CrMS) teaches women to identify days when intercourse is likely to result in pregnancy. We sought to assess the impact of the CrMS on time to pregnancy (TTP), via per-cycle pregnancy rates (fecundability).\n\nMETHODS: We conducted a parallel randomised trial at the University of Utah School of Medicine, 2003-06. Women ages 18-35 years, in a relationship of proven fertility, who desired to conceive, were block-randomised and stratified for age, with allocation concealment by opaque sequentially numbered sealed envelopes. The control group received the advice to have intercourse 2-3 times per week, and the intervention group received CrMS instruction. All women were asked to begin trying to conceive starting the second cycle in the study and were followed actively up to seven cycles, without blinding of research personnel. We calculated descriptive statistics and fecundability, and estimated Cox models for TTP. (Clinicaltrials.gov NCT00161395).\n\nRESULTS: There were 143 women randomised: 71 to the control group (all analysed) and 72 to the CrMS group (69 analysed). The adjusted hazard ratio for the influence of CrMS on TTP was 0.86 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.53, 1.38]. Fecundability in cycles with intent to conceive was 31% in controls and 36% with CrMS (P = 0.32). By the first cycle, fecundability was 17% in controls, and 4% with CrMS (P = 0.02). No adverse events were reported.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: We found no significant impact of CrMS on TTP or fecundability, but fewer of the women receiving CrMS conceived by the first cycle.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"28","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology"}}},"pageStart":"391","pageEnd":"399","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/ppe.12141","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36885354"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/ppe.12141"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25225008"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36885354"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/air-bubble-saline-infused-sonography-sis-is-equivalent-to-hysterosalpingogram-hs-rec70gah1zfeitrzz/","name":"Air bubble saline infused sonography (SIS) is equivalent to hysterosalpingogram (HSG) in assessment of tubal patency","headline":"Air bubble saline infused sonography (SIS) is equivalent to hysterosalpingogram (HSG) in assessment of tubal patency","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/air-bubble-saline-infused-sonography-sis-is-equivalent-to-hysterosalpingogram-hs-rec70gah1zfeitrzz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J. Sroga"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Steven R. Lindheim","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0980-6388","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wright State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04qk6pt94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A. Batcheller","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Cincinnati","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e3m7079"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K. DiPaola","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Cincinnati","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e3m7079"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A. Martinez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6754-4344","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Cincinnati","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e3m7079"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"I. Robertshaw","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Cincinnati","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e3m7079"}}],"datePublished":"2014-09-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"102","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"e281-e282","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.07.958","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.07.958"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ethical-issues-in-hormonal-contraception-natural-law-and-virtue-ethics-recpxniwq8mr2byvt/","name":"Ethical Problems in the Use of Hormonal Contraception","headline":"Ethical Problems in the Use of Hormonal Contraception","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ethical-issues-in-hormonal-contraception-natural-law-and-virtue-ethics-recpxniwq8mr2byvt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"The National Catholic Bioethics Center"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jozef Laurinec"}],"datePublished":"2014-09-01","abstract":"The development of hormonal contraception introduced a new era in medical practice, marked by the suppression of female fertility by interventions in the hormonal system. The interventions are very grave, as sex hormones are of existential importance both to preserve human life and to preserve the human species. This article conducts an ethical evaluation of the use of hormonal contraception through two ethical theories: natural law theory and virtue ethics. Based on philosophical reflection, the author examines what effects hormonal contraception has on primary goods and whether its use is congruent with the cardinal virtues. National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly 14.3 (Autumn 2014): 491–524.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The national Catholic bioethics quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"491","pageEnd":"524","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.5840/ncbq201414310","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.5840/ncbq201414310"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-laparoscopic-management-of-endometriosis-in-patients-with-pelvic-pain-recj3cfckufag9cz9/","name":"The laparoscopic management of endometriosis in patients with pelvic pain","headline":"The laparoscopic management of endometriosis in patients with pelvic pain","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-laparoscopic-management-of-endometriosis-in-patients-with-pelvic-pain-recj3cfckufag9cz9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung Jr"}],"datePublished":"2014-08-27","abstract":"Endometriosis, an underdiagnosed and undertreated condition, affects 1 in 10 women and is associated with pain and infertility. Preoperative evaluation should include testing and management of other causes of pelvic pain. Ultrasonography can aid in surgical planning. Hormonal suppression improves symptoms, but should not be used to diagnose endometriosis, and is not shown to be effective in preventing disease recurrence nor in improving fertility. The goal of surgical management should be optimal removal or treatment of disease and should include measures for adhesion prevention. Rates of recurrence of endometriosis depend on the surgical completeness of removing the disease.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"41","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America"}}},"pageStart":"371","pageEnd":"383","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ogc.2014.05.002","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35231315"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ogc.2014.05.002"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25155119"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35231315"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/world-endometriosis-research-foundation-endometriosis-phenome-and-biobanking-har-rec1rh0jkqhnng06h/","name":"World Endometriosis Research Foundation Endometriosis Phenome and Biobanking  Harmonisation Project: I. Surgical phenotype data collection in endometriosis  research","headline":"World Endometriosis Research Foundation Endometriosis Phenome and Biobanking  Harmonisation Project: I. Surgical phenotype data collection in endometriosis  research","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/world-endometriosis-research-foundation-endometriosis-phenome-and-biobanking-har-rec1rh0jkqhnng06h/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Becker CM, Laufer MR, Stratton P, Hummelshoj L, Missmer SA, Zondervan KT, Adamson GD"}],"datePublished":"2014-08-26","abstract":"Objective: To standardize the recording of surgical phenotypic information on endometriosis and related sample collections obtained at laparoscopy, allowing large-scale collaborative research into the condition.\nDesign: An international collaboration involving 34 clinical/academic centers and three industry collaborators from 16 countries.\nSetting: Two workshops were conducted in 2013, bringing together 54 clinical, academic, and industry leaders in endometriosis research and management worldwide. PATIENT(S): None. INTERVENTION(S): A postsurgical scoring sheet containing general and gynecological patient and procedural information, extent of disease, the location and type of endometriotic lesion, and any other findings was developed during several rounds of review. Comments and any systematic surgical data collection tools used in the reviewers' centers were incorporated. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The development of a standard recommended (SSF) and minimum required (MSF) form to collect data on the surgical phenotype of endometriosis. RESULT(S): SSF and MSF include detailed descriptions of lesions, modes of procedures and sample collection, comorbidities, and potential residual disease at the end of surgery, along with previously published instruments such as the revised American Society for Reproductive Medicine and Endometriosis Fertility Index classification tools for comparison and validation. CONCLUSION(S): This is the first multicenter, international collaboration between academic centers and industry addressing standardization of phenotypic data collection for a specific disease. The Endometriosis Phenome and Biobanking Harmonisation Project SSF and MSF are essential tools to increase our understanding of the pathogenesis of endometriosis by allowing large-scale collaborative research into the condition.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"102","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1213","pageEnd":"1222","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.07.709","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30844378"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.07.709"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25150390"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q30844378"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/50-years-of-hormonal-contraceptiontime-to-find-out-what-it-does-to-our-brain-l9a5gncy/","name":"50 years of hormonal contraception-time to find out, what it does to our brain","headline":"50 years of hormonal contraception-time to find out, what it does to our brain","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/50-years-of-hormonal-contraceptiontime-to-find-out-what-it-does-to-our-brain-l9a5gncy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Pletzer BA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kerschbaum HH"}],"datePublished":"2014-08-21","abstract":"Hormonal contraceptives are on the market for more than 50 years and used by 100 million women worldwide. However, while endogenous steroids have been convincingly associated with change in brain structure, function and cognitive performance, the effects of synthetic steroids contained in hormonal contraceptives on brain and cognition have barely been investigated. In this article we summarize the sparse findings, describing brain structural, functional and behavioral findings from the literature and suggest that synthetic steroids may contribute to masculinizing as well as feminizing effects on brain and behavior. We try to identify methodological challenges, explain, how results on endogenous steroids may transfer into research on hormonal contraceptives and point out factors that need to be controlled in the study of hormonal contraceptive dependent effects. We conclude that there is a strong need for more systematic studies, especially on brain structural, functional and cognitive changes due to hormonal contraceptive use. The hormonal contraceptive pill is the major tool for population control. Hence, such behavioral changes could cause a shift in society dynamics and should not stay unattended.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2014.00256","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34071651"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fnins.2014.00256"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25191220"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34071651"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recent-oral-contraceptive-use-by-formulation-and-breast-cancer-risk-among-women--recnf0qhpplzdsebd/","name":"Recent oral contraceptive use by formulation and breast cancer risk among women 20 to 49 years of age","headline":"Recent oral contraceptive use by formulation and breast cancer risk among women 20 to 49 years of age","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recent-oral-contraceptive-use-by-formulation-and-breast-cancer-risk-among-women--recnf0qhpplzdsebd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Elisabeth F Beaber","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8401-1396","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Diana S M Buist","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5408-2804","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, Washington. Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Buist DS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"William E Barlow","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4651-2282","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Public Health Sciences, 2Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; Departments of 3Epidemiology, 4Biostatistics, and 5Pathology, University of Washington, Seatt...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007ps6h72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathleen E Malone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5643-6714","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wayne State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01070mq45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan D Reed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7532-3785","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher I Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1759-105X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}}],"datePublished":"2014-08-03","abstract":"Previous studies of oral contraceptives and breast cancer indicate that recent use slightly increases risk, but most studies relied on self-reported use and did not examine contemporary oral contraceptive formulations. This nested case-control study was among female enrollees in a large U.S. integrated health care delivery system. Cases were 1,102 women ages 20 to 49 years diagnosed with invasive breast cancer from 1990 to 2009. Controls were randomly sampled from enrollment records (n = 21,952) and matched to cases on age, year, enrollment length, and medical chart availability. Detailed oral contraceptive use information was ascertained from electronic pharmacy records and analyzed using conditional logistic regression, ORs, and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Recent oral contraceptive use (within the prior year) was associated with an increased breast cancer risk (OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.3-1.9) relative to never or former OC use. The association was stronger for estrogen receptor-positive (ER(+); OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.3-2.1) than estrogen receptor-negative (ER(-)) disease (OR, 1.2, 95% CI, 0.8-1.8), although not statistically significantly different (P = 0.15). Recent use of oral contraceptives involving high-dose estrogen (OR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.1-6.2), ethynodiol diacetate (OR, 2.6; 95% CI, 1.4-4.7), or triphasic dosing with an average of 0.75 mg of norethindrone (OR, 3.1; 95% CI, 1.9-5.1; Pheterogeneity compared with using other oral contraceptives = 0.004) was associated with particularly elevated risks, whereas other types, including low-dose estrogen oral contraceptives, were not (OR, 1.0; 95% CI, 0.6-1.7). Our results suggest that recent use of contemporary oral contraceptives is associated with an increased breast cancer risk, which may vary by formulation. If confirmed, consideration of the breast cancer risk associated with different oral contraceptive types could impact discussions weighing recognized health benefits and potential risks.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"74","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cancer Research"}}},"pageStart":"4078","pageEnd":"4089","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-13-3400","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34132946"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-13-3400"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25085875"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34132946"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effects-of-hormonal-contraceptives-on-glycemic-regulation-ayjbexcw/","name":"The effects of hormonal contraceptives on glycemic regulation","headline":"The effects of hormonal contraceptives on glycemic regulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effects-of-hormonal-contraceptives-on-glycemic-regulation-ayjbexcw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Manuel E Cortés","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0845-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x0xhn70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alfaro AA"}],"datePublished":"2014-08-01","abstract":"A number of side effects have been linked to the use of hormonal contraceptives, among others, alterations in glucose levels. Hence, the objective of this mini-review is to show the main effects of hormonal contraceptive intake on glycemic regulation. First, the most relevant studies on this topic are described, then the mechanisms that might be accountable for this glycemic regulation impairment as exerted by hormonal contraceptives are discussed. Finally, we briefly discuss the ethical responsibility of health professionals to inform about the potential risks on glycemic homeostasis regarding hormonal contraceptive intake.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"81","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"209","pageEnd":"18","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1179/2050854914Y.0000000023","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34055978"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1179/2050854914Y.0000000023"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25249703"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34055978"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-impact-of-assisted-reproductive-technologies-on-intrauterine-growth-and-birt-hqtppet5/","name":"The impact of assisted reproductive technologies on intra-uterine growth and birth defects in singletons","headline":"The impact of assisted reproductive technologies on intra-uterine growth and birth defects in singletons","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-impact-of-assisted-reproductive-technologies-on-intrauterine-growth-and-birt-hqtppet5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Michèle Hansen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9621-6345","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Kids Research Institute Australia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dbmzx78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carol Bower","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1138-2756","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Kids Research Institute Australia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dbmzx78"}}],"datePublished":"2014-08-01","abstract":"Pooled odds ratios from meta-analyses of infants born following assisted reproductive technologies (ART) compared with non-ART singletons show increases in low birth weight, preterm birth, small for gestational age, and birth defects. Although there have been small reductions in recent data, odds associated with these outcomes are still higher for ART singletons. Both ART procedures and underlying infertility contribute to these increased risks. Outcomes appear better for frozen-thawed compared with fresh embryo transfers, but are poorer than for non-ART infants. There is a concerning increase in large-for-gestational-age infants born following frozen-thawed embryo transfer and limited data on the effects of embryo vitrification used instead of slow-freezing techniques. Using large datasets, we now need to investigate risks of individual birth defects and disentangle the inter-related effects of different types of infertility and the multiple aspects of ART. Greater understanding of the causes of adverse ART outcomes and identification of modifiable risk factors may lead to further reductions in the disparities in outcome between ART and non-ART infants.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"228","pageEnd":"233","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.siny.2014.03.002","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38205646"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.siny.2014.03.002"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38205646"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/biological-variability-in-serum-anti-mllerian-hormone-throughout-the-menstrual-cycle-in-ovulatory-and-sporadic-anovulatory-cycles-in-eumenorrheic-women-recpwdopvofxipyuv/","name":"Biological variability in serum anti-Müllerian hormone throughout the menstrual cycle in ovulatory and sporadic anovulatory cycles in eumenorrheic women","headline":"Biological variability in serum anti-Müllerian hormone throughout the menstrual cycle in ovulatory and sporadic anovulatory cycles in eumenorrheic women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/biological-variability-in-serum-anti-mllerian-hormone-throughout-the-menstrual-cycle-in-ovulatory-and-sporadic-anovulatory-cycles-in-eumenorrheic-women-recpwdopvofxipyuv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kerri Kissell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Office of Extramural Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05aq6yn88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M. R. Danaher","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), MSC 751..."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K A Ahrens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5139-9208","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neil J Perkins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6802-4733","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Weck","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3246-7380","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Office of Extramural Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05aq6yn88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindsey A Sjaarda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0539-8110","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Wactawski-Wende","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3096-9595","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}}],"datePublished":"2014-08-01","abstract":"Study Question: Does serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) vary significantly throughout both ovulatory and sporadic anovulatory menstrual cycles in healthy premenopausal women?\n\nSummary Answer: Serum AMH levels vary statistically significantly across the menstrual cycle in both ovulatory and sporadic anovulatory cycles of healthy eumenorrheic women.\n\nWhat Is Known Already: Studies to date evaluating serum AMH levels throughout the menstrual cycle have conflicting results regarding intra-woman cyclicity. No previous studies have evaluated an association between AMH and sporadic anovulation.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, Duration: We conducted a prospective cohort study of 259 regularly menstruating women recruited between 2005 and 2007. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING,\n\nMethods: Women aged 18-44 years were followed for one (n = 9) or two (n = 250) menstrual cycles. Anovulatory cycles were defined as any cycle with peak progesterone concentration ≤5 ng/ml and no serum LH peak on the mid or late luteal visits. Serum AMH was measured at up to eight-time points throughout each cycle.\n\nMain Results and the Role of Chance: Geometric mean AMH levels were observed to vary across the menstrual cycle (P < 0.01) with the highest levels observed during the mid-follicular phase at 2.06 ng/ml, decreasing around the time of ovulation to 1.79 ng/ml and increasing thereafter to 1.93 (mid-follicular versus ovulation, P < 0.01; ovulation versus late luteal, P = 0.01; mid-follicular versus late luteal, P = 0.05). Patterns were similar across all age groups and during ovulatory and anovulatory cycles, with higher levels of AMH observed among women with one or more anovulatory cycles (P = 0.03).\n\nLIMITATIONS, Reasons for Caution: Ovulatory status was not verified by direct visualization. AMH was analyzed using the original Generation II enzymatically amplified two-site immunoassay, which has been shown to be susceptible to assay interference. Thus, absolute levels should be interpreted with caution, however, patterns and associations remain consistent and any potential bias would be non-differential. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: This study demonstrates a significant variation in serum AMH levels across the menstrual cycle regardless of ovulatory status. This variability, although statistically significant, is not large enough to warrant a change in current clinical practice to time AMH measurements to cycle day/phase.\n\nStudy Funding/competing Interests: This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (Contracts # HHSN275200403394C, HHSN275201100002I Task 1 HHSN27500001). The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"29","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1764","pageEnd":"1772","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deu142","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33888297"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/deu142"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24925522"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33888297"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assessment-of-anovulation-in-eumenorrheic-women-comparison-of-ovulation-detection-algorithms-rec3erpgeyocafcxd/","name":"Assessment of anovulation in eumenorrheic women: comparison of ovulation detection algorithms","headline":"Assessment of anovulation in eumenorrheic women: comparison of ovulation detection algorithms","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assessment-of-anovulation-in-eumenorrheic-women-comparison-of-ovulation-detection-algorithms-rec3erpgeyocafcxd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kristine E Lynch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5331-6143","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brian W Whitcomb","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8646-5823","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 715 N Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, USA.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0072zz521"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Z Pollack","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4313-3298","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"George Mason University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elizabeth R. Bertone‐Johnson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9977-9170","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0072zz521"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Audrey J Gaskins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0812-7439","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia. Electronic address: Audrey.jane.gaskins@emory.edu.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michelle Danaher","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Wactawski-Wende","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3096-9595","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shvetha M Zarek","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2178-6623","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}}],"datePublished":"2014-08-01","abstract":"Objective: To compare previously used algorithms to identify anovulatory menstrual cycles in women self-reporting regular menses.\nDesign: Prospective cohort study.\nSetting: Western New York. PATIENT(S): Two hundred fifty-nine healthy, regularly menstruating women followed for one (n=9) or two (n=250) menstrual cycles (2005-2007). INTERVENTION(S): None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Prevalence of sporadic anovulatory cycles identified using 11 previously defined algorithms that use E2, P, and LH concentrations. RESULT(S): Algorithms based on serum LH, E2, and P levels detected a prevalence of anovulation across the study period of 5.5%-12.8% (concordant classification for 91.7%-97.4% of cycles). The prevalence of anovulatory cycles varied from 3.4% to 18.6% using algorithms based on urinary LH alone or with the primary E2 metabolite, estrone-3-glucuronide, levels. CONCLUSION(S): The prevalence of anovulatory cycles among healthy women varied by algorithm. Mid-cycle LH surge urine-based algorithms used in over-the-counter fertility monitors tended to classify a higher proportion of anovulatory cycles compared with luteal-phase P serum-based algorithms. Our study demonstrates that algorithms based on the LH surge, or in conjunction with estrone-3-glucuronide, potentially estimate a higher percentage of anovulatory episodes. Addition of measurements of postovulatory serum P or urine pregnanediol may aid in detecting ovulation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"102","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"511-518.e2","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.04.035","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33992439"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.04.035"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24875398"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33992439"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/melatonin-and-the-circadian-system-contributions-to-successful-female-reproducti-xfbiknet/","name":"Melatonin and the circadian system: contributions to successful female reproduction","headline":"Melatonin and the circadian system: contributions to successful female reproduction","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/melatonin-and-the-circadian-system-contributions-to-successful-female-reproducti-xfbiknet/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Reiter RJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hiroshi Tamura","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6258-4572","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yamaguchi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03cxys317"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tan DX"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xu XY"}],"datePublished":"2014-08-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To summarize the role of melatonin and circadian rhythms in determining optimal female reproductive physiology, especially at the peripheral level.\n\nDESIGN: Databases were searched for the related English-language literature published up to March 1, 2014. Only papers in peer-reviewed journals are cited.\n\nSETTING: Not applicable.\n\nPATIENT(S): Not applicable.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Melatonin treatment, alterations of the normal light:dark cycle and light exposure at night.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Melatonin levels in the blood and in the ovarian follicular fluid and melatonin synthesis, oxidative damage and circadian rhythm disturbances in peripheral reproductive organs.\n\nRESULT(S): The central circadian regulatory system is located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). The output of this master clock is synchronized to 24 hours by the prevailing light-dark cycle. The SCN regulates rhythms in peripheral cells via the autonomic nervous system and it sends a neural message to the pineal gland where it controls the cyclic production of melatonin; after its release, the melatonin rhythm strengthens peripheral oscillators. Melatonin is also produced in the peripheral reproductive organs, including granulosa cells, the cumulus oophorus, and the oocyte. These cells, along with the blood, may contribute melatonin to the follicular fluid, which has melatonin levels higher than those in the blood. Melatonin is a powerful free radical scavenger and protects the oocyte from oxidative stress, especially at the time of ovulation. The cyclic levels of melatonin in the blood pass through the placenta and aid in the organization of the fetal SCN. In the absence of this synchronizing effect, the offspring may exhibit neurobehavioral deficits. Also, melatonin protects the developing fetus from oxidative stress. Melatonin produced in the placenta likewise may preserve the optimal function of this organ.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Both stable circadian rhythms and cyclic melatonin availability are critical for optimal ovarian physiology and placental function. Because light exposure after darkness onset at night disrupts the master circadian clock and suppresses elevated nocturnal melatonin levels, light at night should be avoided.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"102","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"321","pageEnd":"8","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.06.014","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38226432"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.06.014"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24996495"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38226432"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/antiinflammatory-effects-of-progesterone-in-lipopolysaccharidestimulated-bv2-mic-mgwb1lqt/","name":"Anti-inflammatory effects of progesterone in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV-2 microglia","headline":"Anti-inflammatory effects of progesterone in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV-2 microglia","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/antiinflammatory-effects-of-progesterone-in-lipopolysaccharidestimulated-bv2-mic-mgwb1lqt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lei B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mace B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dawson HN"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Warner DS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laskowitz DT"},{"@type":"Person","name":"James ML"}],"datePublished":"2014-07-31","abstract":"Female sex is associated with improved outcome in experimental brain injury models, such as traumatic brain injury, ischemic stroke, and intracerebral hemorrhage. This implies female gonadal steroids may be neuroprotective. A mechanism for this may involve modulation of post-injury neuroinflammation. As the resident immunomodulatory cells in central nervous system, microglia are activated during acute brain injury and produce inflammatory mediators which contribute to secondary injury including proinflammatory cytokines, and nitric oxide. In this study, the authors examined the anti-inflammatory effects of progesterone on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV-2 microglia, characterizing progesterone's suppression of microglial inflammatory mediator production.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"PLoS One"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0103969","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1371/journal.pone.0103969"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25080336"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-role-of-the-cervix-in-fertility-is-it-time-for-a-reappraisal-rec90nhepvlv1clqb/","name":"The role of the cervix in fertility: is it time for a reappraisal?","headline":"The role of the cervix in fertility: is it time for a reappraisal?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-role-of-the-cervix-in-fertility-is-it-time-for-a-reappraisal-rec90nhepvlv1clqb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Fiona M. Martyn","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0281-0985","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University College Dublin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05m7pjf47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F M McAuliffe","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3477-6494","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University College Dublin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05m7pjf47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Wingfield","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9176-1718","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Merrion Fertility Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008aexf53"}}],"datePublished":"2014-07-30","abstract":"Knowledge regarding the role of the cervix in fertility has expanded considerably over the past 20 years and in this article, we propose that it is now time for its function to be reappraised. First, we review the anatomy of the cervix and the vaginal ecosystem that it inhabits. Then, we examine the physiology and the role of the cervical mucus. The ongoing mystery of the exact mechanism of the sperm-cervical mucus interaction is reviewed and the key players that may unlock this mystery in the future are discussed. The soluble and cellular biomarkers of the lower female genital tract which are slowly being defined by contemporary research are reviewed. Attempts to standardize these markers, in this milieu, are hindered by the changes that may be attributed to endogenous or exogenous factors such as: age, hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle, ectropion, infection, smoking and exposure to semen during sexual intercourse. We review what is known about the immunology of the cervix. With the widespread use of large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ) for treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, the anatomy of the cervix is changing for many women. While LLETZ surgery has had very positive effects in the fight against cervical cancer, we debate the impact it could have on a woman's fertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"29","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"2092","pageEnd":"2098","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deu195","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26851715"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/deu195"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25069501"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q26851715"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/characteristics-of-hyperparathyroid-states-in-the-canadian-multicentre-osteoporo-rec5n9vd3b37qkogm/","name":"Characteristics of hyperparathyroid states in the Canadian multicentre  osteoporosis study (CaMos) and relationship to skeletal markers","headline":"Characteristics of hyperparathyroid states in the Canadian multicentre  osteoporosis study (CaMos) and relationship to skeletal markers","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/characteristics-of-hyperparathyroid-states-in-the-canadian-multicentre-osteoporo-rec5n9vd3b37qkogm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudie Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5499-2661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ohoud Almohareb","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"King Fahd Medical City","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01jgj2p89"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa Langsetmo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2245-1657","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Hanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher S Kovacs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5219-9993","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John’s, NL, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04haebc03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert G Josse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-6264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tanveer Towheed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8738-9394","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Rheumatology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rtaxr13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Shawn Davison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8123-7680","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephanie M Kaiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7183-5754","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"the CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1406-4251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S M Kaiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3222-3711","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}}],"datePublished":"2014-07-26","abstract":"Context: PTH is an essential regulator of mineral metabolism; PTH hypersecretion may result in hyperparathyroidism including normocalcaemic, primary and secondary hyperparathyroidism.\n\nObjective: To examine the characteristics of participants with hyperparathyroid states and the relationship to bone mineral density (BMD). DESIGN AND\n\nParticipants: A cross-sectional study of 1872 community-dwelling men and women aged 35+ years (mostly Caucasian) with available serum PTH from Year 10 Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study follow-up (2005-07). PTH was determined using a second-generation chemiluminescence immunoassay.\n\nOUTCOME MEASURES: L1-L4, femoral neck and total hip BMD.\n\nResults: We established a PTH reference range (2·7-10·2 pmol/l) based on healthy participants (i.e. normal serum calcium, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, kidney function and body mass index, who were nonusers of antiresorptives, glucocorticoids and diuretics and not diagnosed with diabetes or thyroid disease). Participants with PTH levels in the upper reference range (5·6-10·2 pmol/l), representing a prevalence of 10·7%, had lower femoral neck and total hip BMD, by 0·030 g/cm(2) [95% confidence interval: 0·009; 0·051] and 0·025 g/cm(2) (0·001; 0·049), respectively, than those with levels 2·7-5·6 pmol/l. Participants with normocalcaemic and secondary hyperparathyroidism also had lower total hip BMD than those with levels 2·7-5·6 pmol/l, and CaMos prevalences of normocalcaemic, primary and secondary hyperparathyroidism were 3·3%, 1·4% and 5·2%, respectively.\n\nConclusion: We found reduced BMD in participants with accepted hyperparathyroid states but also a notable proportion of other participants that might benefit from having lower PTH levels.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"82","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"359","pageEnd":"368","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/cen.12569","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57777448"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/cen.12569"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25059283"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q57777448"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cancer-risk-in-women-using-the-levonorgestrel-releasing-intrauterine-system-in-f-rec3yrui9iub6ficq/","name":"Cancer risk in women using the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system in  Finland","headline":"Cancer risk in women using the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system in  Finland","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cancer-risk-in-women-using-the-levonorgestrel-releasing-intrauterine-system-in-f-rec3yrui9iub6ficq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Seija Grénman"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Johanna Mäenpää","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0486-6912","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Turku University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dbzj528"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jorma Paavonen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4775-606X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Turku University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dbzj528"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eero Pukkala","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9536-6440","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Finnish Cancer Registry, Institute for Statistical and Epidemiological Cancer Research, Unioninkatu 22, 00130, Helsinki, Finland."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ritva Hurskainen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Turku University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dbzj528"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tuuli Soini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2397-4249","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Turku University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dbzj528"}}],"datePublished":"2014-07-09","abstract":"Objective: To examine the association between premenopausal use of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system and cancer incidence in Finland with a special focus on endometrial adenocarcinoma.\n\nMethods: All Finnish women aged 30-49 years using a levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system for treatment of menorrhagia in 1994-2007 (n=93,843) were identified from the National Reimbursement Registry and linked to the Finnish Cancer Registry data. The incidence of cancers in levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system users was compared with that in the general population.\n\nResults: A total of 2,781 cancer cases were detected in levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system users during the follow-up of 855,324 women-years. The standardized incidence ratio (observed-to-expected ratio) for endometrial adenocarcinoma was 0.50 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.35-0.70; 34 observed compared with 68 expected cases) after the first levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system purchase and 0.25 (95% CI 0.05-0.73; three observed compared with 12 expected cases) after two purchases. The standardized incidence ratio for ovarian cancer was 0.60 (95% CI 0.45-0.76; 59 observed compared with 99 expected cases), for pancreatic cancer 0.50 (95% CI 0.28-0.81; 15 observed compared with 30 expected cases), and for lung cancer 0.68 (95% CI 0.49-0.91; 43 observed compared with 63 expected cases). The standardized incidence ratio for breast cancer among all levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system users was 1.19 (95% CI 1.13-1.25; 1,542 observed compared with 1,292 expected cases).\n\nConclusion: The levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system may have a protective effect against endometrial malignant transformation. Using the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system for treatment of menorrhagia during reproductive years was associated with a lower incidence of endometrial, ovarian, pancreatic, and lung cancers than expected. Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system use was associated with a higher than expected incidence of breast cancer. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"124","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2 Pt 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"292","pageEnd":"299","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0000000000000356","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43727598"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/AOG.0000000000000356"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25004338"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43727598"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/infertility-and-impaired-fecundity-in-the-united-states-1982-2010-data-from-the--rec9e3bvwgbsnljcn/","name":"Infertility and impaired fecundity in the United States, 1982-2010: data from the National Survey of Family Growth","headline":"Infertility and impaired fecundity in the United States, 1982-2010: data from the National Survey of Family Growth","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/infertility-and-impaired-fecundity-in-the-united-states-1982-2010-data-from-the--rec9e3bvwgbsnljcn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Copen CE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Chandra","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6502-7173","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Health Statistics","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03p15s250"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E H Stephen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4018-6412","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}}],"datePublished":"2014-07-06","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: This report presents nationally representative estimates and trends for infertility and impaired fecundity-two measures of fertility problems-among women aged 15-44 in the United States. Data are also presented on a measure of infertility among men aged 15-44.\n\nMETHODS: Data for this report come primarily from the 2006-2010 National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG), which consisted of 22,682 interviews with men and women aged 15-44, conducted from June 2006 through June 2010. The response rate for women in the 2006-2010 NSFG was 78%, and for men was 75%. Selected trends are shown based on prior NSFG years.\n\nRESULTS: The percentage of married women aged 15-44 who were infertile fell from 8.5% in 1982 (2.4 million women) to 6.0% (1.5 million) in 2006-2010. Impaired fecundity among married women aged 15-44 increased from 11% in 1982 to 15% in 2002, but decreased to 12% in 2006-2010. Among all women, 11% had impaired fecundity in 2006-2010. Both infertility and impaired fecundity remain closely associated with age for nulliparous women. Among married, nulliparous women aged 35-44, the percentage infertile declined from 44% in 1982 to 27% in 2006-2010, reflecting greater delays in childbearing over this period. Among married women in 2006-2010, non-Hispanic black women were more likely to be infertile than non-Hispanic white women. Some form of infertility (either subfertility or nonsurgical sterility) was reported by 9.4% of men aged 15-44 and 12% of men aged 25-44 in 2006-2010, similar to levels seen in 2002.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"National Health Statistics Reports"},"pageStart":"1","pageEnd":"19","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/processed-meat-intake-is-unfavorably-and-fish-intake-favorably-associated-with-s-531vr8ey/","name":"Processed meat intake is unfavorably and fish intake favorably associated with semen quality indicators among men attending a fertility clinic","headline":"Processed meat intake is unfavorably and fish intake favorably associated with semen quality indicators among men attending a fertility clinic","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/processed-meat-intake-is-unfavorably-and-fish-intake-favorably-associated-with-s-531vr8ey/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Afeiche MC","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7183-190X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Audrey J Gaskins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0812-7439","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia. Electronic address: Audrey.jane.gaskins@emory.edu.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Williams PL","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7160-574X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Toth TL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wright DL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tanrikut C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hauser R","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1899-3982"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jorge E Chavarro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7790-8311","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}}],"datePublished":"2014-07-01","abstract":"Emerging literature suggests that men's diets may affect spermatogenesis as reflected in semen quality indicators, but literature on the relation between meat intake and semen quality is limited. Our objective was to prospectively examine the relation between meat intake and indicators of semen quality. Men in subfertile couples presenting for evaluation at the Massachusetts General Hospital Fertility Center were invited to participate in an ongoing study of environmental factors and fertility. A total of 155 men completed a validated food-frequency questionnaire and subsequently provided 338 semen samples over an 18-mo period from 2007-2012. We used linear mixed regression models to examine the relation between meat intake and semen quality indicators (total sperm count, sperm concentration, progressive motility, morphology, and semen volume) while adjusting for potential confounders and accounting for within-person variability across repeat semen samples. Among the 155 men (median age: 36.1 y; 83% white, non-Hispanic), processed meat intake was inversely related to sperm morphology. Men in the highest quartile of processed meat intake had, on average, 1.7 percentage units (95% CI: -3.3, -0.04) fewer morphologically normal sperm than men in the lowest quartile of intake (P-trend = 0.02). Fish intake was related to higher sperm count and percentage of morphologically normal sperm. The adjusted mean total sperm count increased from 102 million (95% CI: 80, 131) in the lowest quartile to 168 million (95% CI: 136, 207) sperm in the highest quartile of fish intake (P-trend = 0.005). Similarly, the adjusted mean percentages of morphologically normal sperm for men in increasing quartiles of fish intake were 5.9 (95% CI: 5.0, 6.8), 5.3 (95% CI: 4.4, 6.3), 6.3 (95% CI: 5.2, 7.4), and 7.5 (95% CI: 6.5, 8.5) (P-trend = 0.01). Consuming fish may have a positive impact on sperm counts and morphology, particularly when consumed instead of processed red meats.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"144","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of nutrition"}}},"pageStart":"1091","pageEnd":"8","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.113.190173","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40675081"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3945/jn.113.190173"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24850626"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40675081"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/light-elimination-therapy-for-the-treatment-of-infertility-let-jodhx5kb/","name":"Light Elimination Therapy for the Treatment of Infertility (LET)","headline":"Light Elimination Therapy for the Treatment of Infertility (LET)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/light-elimination-therapy-for-the-treatment-of-infertility-let-jodhx5kb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joy DeFelice"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R.N."},{"@type":"Person","name":"B.S.N."},{"@type":"Person","name":"P.H.N."}],"datePublished":"2014-07-01","abstract":"Infertility remains a common and often unresolved condition afflicting certain couples. Numerous animal studies have demonstrated that alterations in the light-dark cycle can affect reproduction as mediated by the pineal gland and its hormone, melatonin. To examine whether a similar disruption could affect human fertility, a pilot study was conducted with infertile women enrolled in a Natural Family Planning program.","isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sexual-activity-endogenous-reproductive-hormones-and-ovulation-in-premenopausal--recw4s1vdiok1tpfd/","name":"Sexual activity, endogenous reproductive hormones and ovulation in premenopausal women","headline":"Sexual activity, endogenous reproductive hormones and ovulation in premenopausal women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sexual-activity-endogenous-reproductive-hormones-and-ovulation-in-premenopausal--recw4s1vdiok1tpfd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Germaine M Buck Louis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1774-4490","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Buck Louis GM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"K A Ahrens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5139-9208","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindsey A Sjaarda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0539-8110","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neil J Perkins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6802-4733","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kerri Kissell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Office of Extramural Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05aq6yn88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ankita Prasad","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0634-2370","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Wactawski-Wende","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3096-9595","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}}],"datePublished":"2014-07-01","abstract":"We investigated whether sexual activity was associated with reproductive function in the BioCycle Study, a prospective cohort study that followed 259 regularly menstruating women aged 18 to 44years for one (n=9) or two (n=250) menstrual cycles in 2005-2007. Women were not attempting pregnancy nor using hormonal contraceptives. History of ever having been sexually active was assessed at baseline and frequency of sexual activity, defined as vaginal-penile intercourse, was self-reported daily throughout the study. Serum concentrations of estradiol, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), progesterone, and testosterone were measured up to 8times/cycle. Sporadic anovulation was identified using peak progesterone concentration. Linear mixed models were used to estimate associations between sexual activity and reproductive hormone concentrations and generalized linear models were used to estimate associations with sporadic anovulation. Models were adjusted for age, race, body mass index, perceived stress, and alcohol consumption and accounted for repeated measures within women. Elevated concentrations of estrogen (+14.6%, P<.01), luteal progesterone (+41.0%, P<.01) and mid-cycle LH (+23.4%, P<.01), but not FSH (P=.33) or testosterone (P=.37), were observed in sexually active women compared with sexually inactive women (no prior and no study-period sexual activity); sexually active women had lower odds of sporadic anovulation (adjusted odds ratio=0.34, 95% confidence interval: 0.16-0.73). Among sexually active women, frequency of sexual activity was not associated with hormones or sporadic anovulation (all P>.23). Findings from our study suggest that ever having been sexually active is associated with improved reproductive function, even after controlling for factors such as age.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"66","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Hormones and Behavior"}}},"pageStart":"330","pageEnd":"338","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yhbeh.2014.06.012","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34021809"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.yhbeh.2014.06.012"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24954690"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34021809"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cervical-cancer-precursors-and-hormonal-contraceptive-use-in-hiv-positive-women-application-of-a-causal-model-and-semi-parametric-estimation-methods-recvy7dd1txyo2l3w/","name":"Cervical cancer precursors and hormonal contraceptive use in HIV-positive women: application of a causal model and semi-parametric estimation methods","headline":"Cervical cancer precursors and hormonal contraceptive use in HIV-positive women: application of a causal model and semi-parametric estimation methods","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cervical-cancer-precursors-and-hormonal-contraceptive-use-in-hiv-positive-women-application-of-a-causal-model-and-semi-parametric-estimation-methods-recvy7dd1txyo2l3w/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hannah H Leslie","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7464-3645","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Berkeley","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an7q238"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Deborah Karasek","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5909-5441","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Berkeley","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an7q238"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laura Harris","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0683-0617","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Berkeley","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an7q238"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emily Chang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6865-2118","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"May Maloba","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1450-3795","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"FACES, Family AIDS Care and Education Services, Kisumu, Kenya."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Megan J Huchko","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4081-4768","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Naila Abdulrahim","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5628-8240","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kenya Medical Research Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04r1cxt79"}}],"datePublished":"2014-06-30","abstract":"Objective: To demonstrate the application of causal inference methods to observational data in the obstetrics and gynecology field, particularly causal modeling and semi-parametric estimation.\n\nBackground: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive women are at increased risk for cervical cancer and its treatable precursors. Determining whether potential risk factors such as hormonal contraception are true causes is critical for informing public health strategies as longevity increases among HIV-positive women in developing countries.\n\nMethods: We developed a causal model of the factors related to combined oral contraceptive (COC) use and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2 or greater (CIN2+) and modified the model to fit the observed data, drawn from women in a cervical cancer screening program at HIV clinics in Kenya. Assumptions required for substantiation of a causal relationship were assessed. We estimated the population-level association using semi-parametric methods: g-computation, inverse probability of treatment weighting, and targeted maximum likelihood estimation.\n\nResults: We identified 2 plausible causal paths from COC use to CIN2+: via HPV infection and via increased disease progression. Study data enabled estimation of the latter only with strong assumptions of no unmeasured confounding. Of 2,519 women under 50 screened per protocol, 219 (8.7%) were diagnosed with CIN2+. Marginal modeling suggested a 2.9% (95% confidence interval 0.1%, 6.9%) increase in prevalence of CIN2+ if all women under 50 were exposed to COC; the significance of this association was sensitive to method of estimation and exposure misclassification.\n\nConclusion: Use of causal modeling enabled clear representation of the causal relationship of interest and the assumptions required to estimate that relationship from the observed data. Semi-parametric estimation methods provided flexibility and reduced reliance on correct model form. Although selected results suggest an increased prevalence of CIN2+ associated with COC, evidence is insufficient to conclude causality. Priority areas for future studies to better satisfy causal criteria are identified.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"PLoS One"}}},"pageStart":"e101090","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0101090","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33825703"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1371/journal.pone.0101090"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24979709"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33825703"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prospectively-measured-10-year-changes-in-health-related-quality-of-life-and-com-recnldsmwt9sprhxk/","name":"Prospectively measured 10-year changes in health-related quality of life and  comparison with cross-sectional estimates in a population-based cohort of adult  women and men","headline":"Prospectively measured 10-year changes in health-related quality of life and  comparison with cross-sectional estimates in a population-based cohort of adult  women and men","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prospectively-measured-10-year-changes-in-health-related-quality-of-life-and-com-recnldsmwt9sprhxk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"W M Hopman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3162-8754","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kingston General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03zq81960"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"and the CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudie Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5499-2661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wei Zhou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5461-3617","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tanveer Towheed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8738-9394","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Rheumatology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rtaxr13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tassos Anastassiades","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5805-0364","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan Kirkland","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8182-2369","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S M Kaiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3222-3711","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert G Josse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-6264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Hanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lawrence Joseph","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3321-0587","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emmanuel A Papadimitropoulos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3688-523X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eli Lilly (Canada)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p8kt313"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephanie M Kaiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7183-5754","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}}],"datePublished":"2014-06-14","abstract":"Purpose: To prospectively assess changes in health-related quality of life (HRQOL) over 10 years, by age and sex, and to compare measured within-person change to estimates of change based on cross-sectional data.\n\nMethods: Participants in the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study completed the 36-item short form (SF-36) in 1995/1997 and 2005/2007. Mean within-person changes for domain and summary components were calculated for men and women separately, stratified by 10-year age groups. Projected changes based on published ageand sex-stratified cross-sectional data were also calculated. Mean differences between the two methods were then estimated, along with the 95 % credible intervals of the differences.\n\nResults: Data were available for 5,569/9,423 (59.1 %) of the original cohort. Prospectively collected 10-year changes suggested that the four physically oriented domains declined in all but the youngest group of men and women, with declines in the elderly men exceeding 25 points. The four mentally oriented domains tended to improve over time, only showing substantial declines in vitality and role emotional in older women, and all four domains in older men. Cross-sectional estimates identified a similar pattern of change but with a smaller magnitude, particularly in men. Correspondence between the two methods was generally high.\n\nConclusions: Changes in HRQOL may be minimal over much of the life span, but physically oriented HRQOL can decline substantially after middle age. Although clinically relevant declines were more evident in prospectively collected data, differences in 10-year age increments of cross-sectional data may be a reasonable proxy for longitudinal changes, at least in those under 65 years of age. Results provide additional insight into the natural progression of HRQOL in the general population.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"23","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Quality of Life Research : an International Journal of Quality of Life Aspects of  Treatment, Care and Rehabilitation"}}},"pageStart":"2707","pageEnd":"2721","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-014-0733-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37418476"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s11136-014-0733-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24925754"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37418476"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fractures-are-increased-and-bisphosphonate-use-decreased-in-individuals-with-ins-recfuqokayvcyzzq7/","name":"Fractures are increased and bisphosphonate use decreased in individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes: a 10 year cohort study","headline":"Fractures are increased and bisphosphonate use decreased in individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes: a 10 year cohort study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fractures-are-increased-and-bisphosphonate-use-decreased-in-individuals-with-ins-recfuqokayvcyzzq7/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa-Ann Fraser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1304-8893","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Western University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02grkyz14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fraser LA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandra Papaioannou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9412-0932","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jing Ma","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0155-414X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lehana Thabane","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8307-3568","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Impact","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05d9dsr70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thabane L and the CaMos Research Group"}],"datePublished":"2014-06-11","abstract":"Background: Individuals with diabetes have been found previously to be at increased risk of non-traumatic fracture. However, it is unclear if these individuals are being identified and treated for osteoporosis.\n\nMethods: 7753 Canadians over 50 years of age were followed prospectively for 10 years. 606/7753 (7.8%) of had diabetes; 98 were insulin-dependent and 508 were not. Using a cox proportional hazards model, we assessed the association between diabetes status and incident non-traumatic fracture. Using logistic regression we identified factors associated with bisphosphonate use over the 10 year period of study.\n\nResults: Mean (SD) age of participants was 66.7(9.4) years and 72% were female. Those with diabetes had higher BMD T-scores at baseline, with a mean (SD) femoral neck T-Score of -0.97 (1.06), compared to -1.24 (0.99) in the general cohort. The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for incident non-traumatic fracture in individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes over the 10 year study period was 2.50 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.60, 3.90; p < 0.001). Despite this increased fracture rate, individuals with diabetes (insulin-dependent or non-insulin-dependent) were less likely to be on bisphosphonate therapy at any point over 10 years of prospective follow up compared to other CaMos subjects (odds ratio [OR]: 0.59; 95% CI 0.46-0.75, p < 0.001).\n\nConclusions: Despite the increased risk of non-traumatic fracture associated with insulin-dependent diabetes, we that found individuals with diabetes are less likely to be treated with a bisphosphonate than those without diabetes. These findings point to a possible care gap in the treatment of non-traumatic fractures in individuals with diabetes in Canada.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"}}},"pageStart":"201","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2474-15-201","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33785248"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/1471-2474-15-201"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24919660"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33785248"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/coenzyme-q10-supplementation-and-oocyte-aneuploidy-in-women-undergoing-ivf-icsi--recemwewsnqzb2dtq/","name":"Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation and Oocyte Aneuploidy in Women Undergoing IVF-ICSI Treatment","headline":"Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation and Oocyte Aneuploidy in Women Undergoing IVF-ICSI Treatment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/coenzyme-q10-supplementation-and-oocyte-aneuploidy-in-women-undergoing-ivf-icsi--recemwewsnqzb2dtq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yaakov Bentov","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9733-3263","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01s5axj25"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrea Jurisicova","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2166-4298","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01s5axj25"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Navid Esfandiari","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0979-5236","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Toronto Centre for Advanced Reproductive Technology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ; Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toron..."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert F Casper","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6249-462X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas Hannam","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ottawa Fertility Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02hngq018"}}],"datePublished":"2014-06-08","abstract":"BACKGROUND: The age-related reduction in live-birth rate is attributed to a high rate of aneuploidy and follicle depletion. We showed in an animal model that treatment with Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) markedly improved reproductive outcome. The aim of this study was to compare the post-meiotic oocyte aneuploidy rate in in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intra cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) patients treated with CoQ10 or placebo.\nMETHODS: We conducted a double blind placebo controlled randomized trial that included IVF-ICSI patients 35-43 years of age. The patients were treated with either 600 mg of CoQ10 or an equivalent number of placebo caps. We compared the post-meiotic aneuploidy rate using polar body biopsy (PBBX) and comparative genomic hybridization (CGH). According to the power calculation, 27 patients were needed for each arm.\nRESULTS: Owing to safety concerns regarding the effects of polar body biopsy on embryo quality and implantation, the study was terminated before reaching the target number of participants. A total of 39 patients were evaluated and randomized (17 CoQ10, 22 placebo), 27 were given the study medication (12 CoQ10, 15 placebo), and 24 completed an IVF-ICSI cycle including PBBX and embryo transfer (10 CoQ10, 14 placebo). Average age, base line follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), peak estradiol and progesterone serum level, as well as the total number of human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) units-did not differ between the groups. The rate of aneuploidy was 46.5% in the CoQ10 group compared to 62.8% in the control. Clinical pregnancy rate was 33% for the CoQ10 group and 26.7% for the control group.\nCONCLUSION: No significant differences in outcome were detected between the CoQ10 and placebo groups. However, the final study was underpowered to detect a difference in the rate of aneuploidy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical medicine insights. Reproductive health"}},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.4137/CMRH.S14681","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33809627"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4137/CMRH.S14681"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24987272"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33809627"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/levonorgestrel-in-cases-of-rape-how-does-it-work-recj3qxbctfpc8aff/","name":"Levonorgestrel in cases of rape: How does it work?","headline":"Levonorgestrel in cases of rape: How does it work?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/levonorgestrel-in-cases-of-rape-how-does-it-work-recj3qxbctfpc8aff/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathleen Mary Raviele","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2062-8041","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dekalb Medical Tucker, Georgia, USA"}}],"datePublished":"2014-06-06","abstract":"The Ethical and Religious Directives for Catholic Health Care Services allows the use of an emergency contraceptive for a woman who has been raped, as a defense against her attacker's sperm, provided the drug prevents fertilization and does not act against a conceived human life. Catholic emergency rooms around the country have been pressured to provide Plan B (LNG-EC) to patients seeking help after a sexual assault. Catholic bioethicists have supported the use of this drug based on their interpretation of the scientific literature regarding its mechanism of action. This paper presents a review of the mechanisms of action of LNG-EC when given during the fertile window, showing a high probability that it acts against human life rather than preventing fertilization, and proposes another class of drugs as a possible alternative.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"81","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"117","pageEnd":"129","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1179/2050854914Y.0000000017","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33640434"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1179/2050854914Y.0000000017"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24899748"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33640434"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/practical-resource-for-creating-a-catholic-living-will-recgxceipnmi1ia3t/","name":"Practical resource for creating a Catholic living will","headline":"Practical resource for creating a Catholic living will","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/practical-resource-for-creating-a-catholic-living-will-recgxceipnmi1ia3t/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung Jr"}],"datePublished":"2014-06-06","abstract":"Dear Editor, I read with interest the recent issue of the Linacre dedicated to geriatrics and end-of-life care. This is such a timely topic! With the implementation of Obamacare – which is government-run health care funded at the rate of economic inflation, not the more rapidly increasing healthcare inflation – there will be ever-increasing healthcare rationing. This will lead to escalating pressure to withhold life-preserving treatment (including food and water) especially to vulnerable populations including the elderly, the disabled, and the poor. As a result, end-of-life documents are already incredibly important and will become ever moreso. The article by Dr. Morrow articulates several key principles that should be present in an end-of-life document that adheres to Catholic principles – one that recognizes and respects the inherent dignity for human life for its own sake, one that ensure ordinary care and comfort care, and one that is “personalized” by appointing a healthcare proxy who understands and can implement your wishes according to the situation at hand. While there are several end-of-life document templates available, most do not adhere to the principles outlined in Dr. Morrow's article. A practical, easy-to-use resource for developing an end-of-life document that adheres firmly to the principles outlined in Dr. Morrow's article is the Will To Life Project developed by the National Right To Life Committee. From this website, one can download a legally valid document for any of the fifty states. While creating a Catholic end-of-life document can be daunting, this resource provides a practical starting point and a template anyone can complete. For more information, check out: http://www.nrlc.org/medethics/willtolive/.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"81","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"106","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1179/0024363914Z.00000000065","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33640422"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1179/0024363914Z.00000000065"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24899744"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33640422"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-impact-of-assisted-reproductive-technologies-on-genomic-imprinting-and-impri-5nfbj40v/","name":"The impact of assisted reproductive technologies on genomic imprinting and imprinting disorders","headline":"The impact of assisted reproductive technologies on genomic imprinting and imprinting disorders","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-impact-of-assisted-reproductive-technologies-on-genomic-imprinting-and-impri-5nfbj40v/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Uyar A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emre Seli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7464-8203","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yale University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03v76x132"}}],"datePublished":"2014-06-01","abstract":"Purpose of reviewGenomic imprinting refers to preferential allele-specific gene expression. DNA methylation-based molecular mechanisms regulate establishment and maintenance of parental imprints during early embryo development and gametogenesis. Because of the coincident timing, a potential association between assisted reproductive technology (ART) procedures and imprinting defects has been investigated in various studies. In this review, we provide an overview of genomic imprinting and present a summary of the relevant clinical data.\n\nRecent findings: ART procedures affect DNA methylation pattern, parental imprinting status, and imprinted gene expression in the mouse embryo. In humans, several case series suggested an association between ART and imprinting disorders, with a three-fold to six-fold higher prevalence of ART use among children born with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome compared to the general population. However, more recent studies failed to support these findings and could not demonstrate an association between imprinting disorders and ARTs, independent of subfertility.\n\nSummary: ART procedures may affect methylation status of imprinted regions in the DNA, leading to imprinting disorders. Although the low prevalence of imprinting disorders makes it challenging to perform conclusive clinical trials, further studies in large registries are required to determine the real impact of ARTs on their occurrence.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"26","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Current Opinion in Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"210","pageEnd":"221","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/gco.0000000000000071","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34011361"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/gco.0000000000000071"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34011361"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/increased-androgen-anti-müllerian-hormone-and-sporadic-anovulation-in-healthy-eu-recxvtwbs1kgow7je/","name":"Increased androgen, anti-Müllerian hormone, and sporadic anovulation in healthy, eumenorrheic women: a mild PCOS-like phenotype?","headline":"Increased androgen, anti-Müllerian hormone, and sporadic anovulation in healthy, eumenorrheic women: a mild PCOS-like phenotype?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/increased-androgen-anti-müllerian-hormone-and-sporadic-anovulation-in-healthy-eu-recxvtwbs1kgow7je/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindsey A Sjaarda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0539-8110","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kerri Kissell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Office of Extramural Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05aq6yn88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ahmad Hammoud","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7581-9024","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neil J Perkins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6802-4733","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Weck","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3246-7380","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Office of Extramural Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05aq6yn88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Wactawski-Wende","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3096-9595","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}}],"datePublished":"2014-06-01","abstract":"Context: Hyperandrogenism is a hallmark of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in women with irregular menses, yet the relationship between androgens and ovarian dysfunction remains poorly understood in eumenorrheic women.\n\nObjective: The objective of the study was to evaluate whether sporadic anovulation was associated with higher T and anti-müllerian hormone (AMH; marker of ovarian follicle count) concentrations in eumenorrheic women.\nDesign: This was a prospective cohort study from 2005 to 2007.\nSetting: The study was conducted at the University of Buffalo in western New York state.\n\nParticipants: A total of 259 eumenorrheic women without a self-reported history of infertility, PCOS, or other endocrine disorder participated in the study.\n\nMain Outcome Measures: Total T and AMH were measured five to eight times per cycle for one (n = 9) or two (n = 250) cycles per woman (n = 509 cycles) with timing of menstrual cycle phase assisted by fertility monitors. Anovulatory cycles were defined biochemically by progesterone and LH concentrations. Repeated-measures ANOVA was conducted on log-transformed data with adjustment for age.\n\nResults: Compared with ovulatory cycles (n = 467), sporadic anovulatory cycles (n = 42) had marginally higher total and significantly higher free T [mean 23.7 ng/dL (95% confidence interval [CI] 21.4-26.3) vs 21.6 ng/dL (95% CI 20.9-22.3), P = .08, and 0.36 ng/dL (95% CI 0.33-0.40) vs 0.32 ng/dL (95% CI 0.31-0.33), P = .02, respectively] during menses and also throughout the luteal phase (P < .01 for all). Women with higher T had elevated AMH concentrations, increased reporting of a history of acne requiring medical treatment, but not increased hirsutism.\n\nConclusions: Mechanisms of androgen-related ovulatory dysfunction that characterize PCOS in women with menstrual disturbances may occur across a continuum of T concentrations, including in eumenorrheic women without clinical hyperandrogenism.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"99","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"2208","pageEnd":"2216","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2013-3781","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33682407"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jc.2013-3781"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24606085"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33682407"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pharmacokinetics-of-two-lowdose-levonorgestrelreleasing-intrauterine-systems-and-pvdhfix9/","name":"Pharmacokinetics of two low-dose levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine systems and effects on ovulation rate and cervical function: pooled analyses of phase II and III studies","headline":"Pharmacokinetics of two low-dose levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine systems and effects on ovulation rate and cervical function: pooled analyses of phase II and III studies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pharmacokinetics-of-two-lowdose-levonorgestrelreleasing-intrauterine-systems-and-pvdhfix9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Dan Apter","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5175-8845","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"VL-Medi Oy (Finland)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00w1mdq38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kristina Gemzell-Danielsson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hauck B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rosen K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zurth C"}],"datePublished":"2014-06-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To assess the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of levonorgestrel intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) 13.5 mg and LNG-IUS 19.5 mg (total content).\n\nDESIGN: Pooled pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analyses of phase II and III studies.\n\nSETTING: Randomized, open-label, multicenter studies.\n\nPATIENT(S): Nulliparous and parous women.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Levonorgestrel intrauterine system 13.5 mg, LNG-IUS 19.5 mg, or LNG-IUS 20 μg/24 h (total content 52 mg).\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Pharmacokinetics of LNG, ovulation rate, cervical function, and endometrium effects.\n\nRESULT(S): The in vivo LNG release rate of LNG-IUS 13.5 mg was approximately 14 μg/24 h after 24 days, declining progressively to 5 μg/24 h after 3 years. The average LNG serum concentration over 3 years of use was 74.3 ng/L, 114 ng/L, and 218 ng/L for LNG-IUS 13.5 mg, LNG-IUS 19.5 mg, and LNG-IUS 20 μg/24 h, respectively. All treatments showed very similar progestogenic effects on cervical mucus, with low and similar cervical scores throughout treatment. Ovulation was observed in the majority of women in all groups where assessment was possible, although there was a lower incidence of anovulation with LNG-IUS 13.5 mg and LNG-IUS 19.5 mg compared with LNG-IUS 20 μg/24 h. The progestogenic effect on the endometrium was marked in all three LNG-IUS groups.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Levonorgestrel intrauterine system 13.5 mg and LNG-IUS 19.5 mg result in alower systemic exposure to LNG, lower incidence of anovulation, and similar progestin impact on the endometrium and cervical function compared with LNG-IUS 20 μg/24 h.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"101","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1656-62.e1-4","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.03.004","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59650611"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.03.004"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24726226"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q59650611"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/zinc-and-homocysteine-levels-in-polycystic-ovarian-syndrome-patients-with-insuli-varvjeuh/","name":"Zinc and homocysteine levels in polycystic ovarian syndrome patients with insulin resistance","headline":"Zinc and homocysteine levels in polycystic ovarian syndrome patients with insulin resistance","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/zinc-and-homocysteine-levels-in-polycystic-ovarian-syndrome-patients-with-insuli-varvjeuh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Guler I","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8098-2483"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Himmetoglu O"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Turp A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2981-1096"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ahmet Erdem","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9944-6894","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mehmet Erdem","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1939-7138","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Reproductive Science Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007yvyg13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Onan MA","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7643-1585"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Taskiran C","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0936-552X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Taslipinar MY"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Haldun Guner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8886-4389"}],"datePublished":"2014-06-01","abstract":"In this study, our objective was to evaluating the value of serum zinc levels as an etiologic and prognostic marker in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome. We conducted a prospective study, including 53 women with polycystic ovarian syndrome and 33 healthy controls. We compared serum zinc levels, as well as clinical and metabolic features, of the cases. We also compared serum zinc levels between patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome with insulin resistance. Mean zinc levels were found to be significantly lower in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome than healthy controls. Multiple logistic regression analysis of significant metabolic variables between polycystic ovarian syndrome and control groups (serum zinc level, body mass index, the ratio of triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and homocysteine) revealed that zinc level was the most significant variable to predict polycystic ovarian syndrome. Mean serum zinc levels tended to be lower in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome with impaired glucose tolerance than patients with normal glucose tolerance, but the difference was not statistically significant. In conclusion, zinc deficiency may play a role in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovarian syndrome and may be related with its long-term metabolic complications.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"158","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Biological trace element research"}}},"pageStart":"297","pageEnd":"304","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-014-9941-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q87511877"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s12011-014-9941-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24664271"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q87511877"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vitamin-d-alters-genes-involved-in-follicular-development-and-steroidogenesis-in-ysnwqelt/","name":"Vitamin D alters genes involved in follicular development and steroidogenesis in human cumulus granulosa cells","headline":"Vitamin D alters genes involved in follicular development and steroidogenesis in human cumulus granulosa cells","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vitamin-d-alters-genes-involved-in-follicular-development-and-steroidogenesis-in-ysnwqelt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Zaher Merhi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7952-1428","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"New Hope Fertility Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ehy3272"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Doswell A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Krebs K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cipolla M"}],"datePublished":"2014-06-01","abstract":"CONTEXT: Vitamin D deficiency is common among reproductive-aged women and has a role in female reproduction.\n\nOBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the role of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (vit D3) in ovarian follicular development and steroidogenesis by using a human granulosa cell (GC) model.\n\nDESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Fifty-four women who underwent in vitro fertilization were enrolled.\n\nINTERVENTION: Follicular fluid (FF) and mural and cumulus GCs were collected from small and large follicles. In separate experiments, primary cumulus GCs were cultured with or without vit D3 followed by RT-PCR for mRNA expression levels. The effect of recombinant anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) on nuclear localization of phospho-Smad 1/5/8 was evaluated in the presence or absence of vit D3 by using immunofluorescence. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D levels in FF as well as cell culture media AMH, progesterone, and estradiol (E2) concentrations were determined by ELISA and RIA.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The following were measured: 1) mRNA expression levels; 2) 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD) enzyme activity; 3) FSH-induced aromatase mRNA and E2 production; and 4) nuclear localization of phospho-Smad 1/5/8.\n\nRESULTS: In a multivariate analysis, 25 OH-D levels in FF negatively correlated with AMH and AMH receptor (AMHR)-II mRNA levels in cumulus GCs of small follicles. Compared with women with replete 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in FF, those with insufficient/deficient levels had a 2-fold increase in AMHR-II mRNA levels in cumulus GCs of small follicles (P = .02). Treatment with vit D3 caused a decrease in AMHR-II and FSH receptor mRNA but an increase in 3-βHSD mRNA levels compared with control (P < .05). Vit D3 enhanced 3-βHSD enzyme activity as assessed by increasing progesterone release; however, vit D3 did not affect FSH-induced aromatase mRNA and E2 production, but it decreased the phosphorylation of Smad 1/5/8 and its nuclear localization.\n\nCONCLUSION: These data suggest that vit D3 alters AMH signaling and steroidogenesis in human cumulus GCs, possibly reflecting a state of GC luteinization potentiation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"99","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"E1137-45","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2013-4161","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33682524"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jc.2013-4161"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24628555"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33682524"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/selenium-supplementation-for-hashimotos-thyroiditis-summary-of-a-cochrane-system-recbghfhl9bmncnqk/","name":"Selenium Supplementation for Hashimoto's Thyroiditis: Summary of a Cochrane Systematic Review","headline":"Selenium Supplementation for Hashimoto's Thyroiditis: Summary of a Cochrane Systematic Review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/selenium-supplementation-for-hashimotos-thyroiditis-summary-of-a-cochrane-system-recbghfhl9bmncnqk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Esther J van Zuuren","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4780-0182","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Leiden University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xvt9f17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zbys Fedorowicz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3952-965X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of UKCC (Bahrain Branch), The Cochrane Collaboration, Awali, Bahrain."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ben Carter","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9163-9752","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute for Medical Informatics and Biostatistics","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04e79zk25"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hanno Pijl","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3076-1551","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Leiden University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xvt9f17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amira Y Albusta","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of College of Medicine, AMA International University of Bahrain, Manama, Awali, Bahrain."}}],"datePublished":"2014-05-23","abstract":"Selenium supplementation in people with Hashimoto's thyroiditis might reduce antibody levels and result in a decreased dosage of levothyroxine (LT4) and may provide other beneficial effects (e.g. on mood and health-related quality of life). The aim of our systematic review was to assess the effects of selenium supplementation on Hashimoto's thyroiditis. We searched The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE and Web of Science for randomized controlled trials. Study selection, data extraction, assessment of risk of bias and analyses were carried out by two independent review authors. We assessed the quality of the evidence of included studies using GRADE. Four studies rated at unclear to high risk of bias comprising 463 participants were included. One study at high risk of bias showed statistically significant improvement in subjective well-being with sodium selenite 200 μg plus titrated LT4 compared with placebo plus titrated LT4 (RR 4.67, 95% CI 1.61-13.50). Selenomethionine 200 μg as a single treatment or combined with LT4 reduced the serum levels of anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies compared with placebo (or placebo plus LT4) in three studies (p < 0.001). Although the changes from baseline were statistically significant in these three studies, their clinical relevance is unclear. In conclusion, the results of these four studies, assessed at unclear to high risk of bias, show that evidence to support or refute the efficacy of selenium supplementation in people with Hashimoto's thyroiditis is incomplete and not reliable to help inform clinical decision making.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European Thyroid Journal"}}},"pageStart":"25","pageEnd":"31","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1159/000356040","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35171841"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1159/000356040"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24847462"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35171841"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/injectable-and-oral-contraceptives-and-risk-of-hiv-acquisition-in-women-an-analy-recuy3di51zqouv5n/","name":"Injectable and oral contraceptives and risk of HIV acquisition in women: an  analysis of data from the MDP301 trial","headline":"Injectable and oral contraceptives and risk of HIV acquisition in women: an  analysis of data from the MDP301 trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/injectable-and-oral-contraceptives-and-risk-of-hiv-acquisition-in-women-an-analy-recuy3di51zqouv5n/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Angela M Crook","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6174-8747","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University College London","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Deborah Ford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3911-741X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL","sameAs":"https://ror.org/001mm6w73"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mitzy Gafos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7894-1498","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University College London","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard Hayes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4860-0107","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00a0jsq62"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Saidi Kapiga","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1753-4060","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mwanza Intervention Trials Unit","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03djmvy73"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrew Nunn","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9671-0741","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University College London","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Helen Rees","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8521-4168","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of the Witwatersrand","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rp50x72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sheena McCormack","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7829-1325","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University College London","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maureen Chisembele","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Teaching Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03zn9xk79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anatoli Kamali","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8636-790X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Uganda Virus Research Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04509n826"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gita Ramjee","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Perinatal HIV Research Unit","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05j6xkp39"}}],"datePublished":"2014-05-20","abstract":"STUDY Question: Do injectable and oral contraceptives increase the risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition in women?\n\nSUMMARY ANSWER: After adjusting for confounders, evidence of a significantly increased risk of HIV remained for women using injectable depo-medroxyprogesterone (DMPA) (hazard ratio = 1.49, 95% confidence interval (1.06-2.08)) but not for injectable norethisterone-enanthate (Net-En) or oral contraceptive pills (OC).\n\nWHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: An association between the use of some types of hormonal contraception (HC) methods and an increased risk of HIV, possibly through changes in the genital tract environment and alterations in the immune response, has been previously observed, although not consistently. A recent systematic review of these studies has highlighted the need for more definitive evidence.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: A secondary data analysis of the MDP301 phase 3 microbicide trial was conducted to estimate the effects of use of different methods of HC on the risk of HIV acquisition in women. HIV-negative women (n = 8663) with a median age of 28 years were included in the analysis; 382 HIV seroconverted by 52 weeks follow-up; 10% of women-years were lost to follow-up before 52 weeks.\n\nPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, Methods: Contraceptive use was reported at each 4-weekly visit. Cox proportional hazards (PH) models were used to estimate the effects of baseline and current use of injectable DMPA, injectable Net-En and OC compared with no HC, on the risk of HIV, adjusting for baseline and time-updated covariates. Causal effects for 52 weeks of HC use compared with no HC were estimated in a weighted Cox model, censoring women at deviation from baseline HC use (or non-use) or pregnancy.\n\nMAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: At baseline, 2499 (29%) women were on DMPA, 1180 (14%) on Net-En, and 1410 (16%) on OC; 3574 (40%) not on HC, started HC in follow-up. Adjusted hazard ratios (HR) for baseline HC use, compared with no HC, were 1.38 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07-1.78) for DMPA; 1.18 (0.86-1.62) for Net-En and 0.97 (0.68-1.38) for OC. The estimated causal effects of DMPA and Net-En over 52 weeks were: HR = 1.49 (95% CI 1.06-2.08) and HR = 1.31 (95% CI 0.62-1.61), respectively.\n\nLIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: A main limitation of the study was that it was a secondary analysis of data from a study that was not designed to investigate this question. Despite our best efforts, we cannot exclude residual confounding to explain the effect of DMPA.\n\nWIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE Findings: The results of this study should be reviewed by the World Health Organization to determine whether current recommendations on the use of DMPA in settings with high HIV prevalence require modification.\n\nSTUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS: MDP is a partnership of African and European academic/government institutions with commercial organizations, which is funded by the UK Government (DFID and MRC), with support from IPM and EDCTP. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Competing interests: None.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"29","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1810","pageEnd":"1817","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deu113","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30823365"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/deu113"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24838704"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q30823365"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-injectable-only-contraceptive-medroxyprogesterone-acetate-unlike-norethisterone-acetate-and-progesterone-regulates-inflammatory-genes-in-endocervical-cells-via-the-glucocorticoid-receptor-recxzuucxw51vvyrz/","name":"The injectable-only contraceptive medroxyprogesterone acetate, unlike norethisterone acetate and progesterone, regulates inflammatory genes in endocervical cells via the glucocorticoid receptor","headline":"The injectable-only contraceptive medroxyprogesterone acetate, unlike norethisterone acetate and progesterone, regulates inflammatory genes in endocervical cells via the glucocorticoid receptor","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-injectable-only-contraceptive-medroxyprogesterone-acetate-unlike-norethisterone-acetate-and-progesterone-regulates-inflammatory-genes-in-endocervical-cells-via-the-glucocorticoid-receptor-recxzuucxw51vvyrz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Chanel Avenant","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0216-1575","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Cape Town","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03p74gp79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nicolette J D Verhoog","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3786-6452","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Cape Town","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03p74gp79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Verhoog NJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roslyn M Ray","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4462-8532","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Cape Town","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03p74gp79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Donita Africander","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3429-7100","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stellenbosch University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05bk57929"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Janet P Hapgood","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4414-4861","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Molecular and Cell Biology University of Cape Town Rondebosch South Africa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03p74gp79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yashini Govender","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Cape Town","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03p74gp79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nicholas J Grantham","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Cape Town","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03p74gp79"}}],"datePublished":"2014-05-19","abstract":"Clinical studies suggest that the injectable contraceptive medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) increases susceptibility to infections such as HIV-1, unlike the injectable contraceptive norethisterone enanthate (NET-EN). We investigated the differential effects, molecular mechanism of action and steroid receptor involvement in gene expression by MPA as compared to NET and progesterone (P4) in the End1/E6E7 cell line model for the endocervical epithelium, a key point of entry for pathogens in the female genital mucosa. MPA, unlike NET-acetate (NET-A) and P4, increases mRNA expression of the anti-inflammatory GILZ and IκBα genes. Similarly, MPA unlike NET-A, decreases mRNA expression of the pro-inflammatory IL-6, IL-8 and RANTES genes, and IL-6 and IL-8 protein levels. The predominant steroid receptor expressed in the End1/E6E7 and primary endocervical epithelial cells is the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), and GR knockdown experiments show that the anti-inflammatory effects of MPA are mediated by the GR. Chromatin-immunoprecipitation results suggest that MPA, unlike NET-A and P4, represses pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression in cervical epithelial cells via a mechanism involving recruitment of the GR to cytokine gene promoters, like the GR agonist dexamethasone. This is at least in part consistent with direct effects on transcription, without a requirement for new protein synthesis. Dose response analysis shows that MPA has a potency of ∼ 24 nM for transactivation of the anti-inflammatory GILZ gene and ∼ 4-20 nM for repression of the pro-inflammatory genes, suggesting that these effects are likely to be relevant at injectable contraceptive doses of MPA. These findings suggest that in the context of the genital mucosa, these GR-mediated glucocorticoid-like effects of MPA in cervical epithelial cells are likely to play a critical role in discriminating between the effects on inflammation caused by different progestins and P4 and hence susceptibility to genital infections, given the predominant expression of the GR in primary endocervical epithelial cells.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"PLoS One"}}},"pageStart":"e96497","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0096497","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33631772"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1371/journal.pone.0096497"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24840644"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33631772"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/modifiers-of-cancer-risk-in-brca1-and-brca2-mutation-carriers-systematic-review--recvzg6qepx20pio4/","name":"Modifiers of cancer risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers: systematic review  and meta-analysis","headline":"Modifiers of cancer risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers: systematic review  and meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/modifiers-of-cancer-risk-in-brca1-and-brca2-mutation-carriers-systematic-review--recvzg6qepx20pio4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Tara M Friebel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3726-9527","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NRG Oncology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/050draa26"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan M Domchek","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5914-7272","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NRG Oncology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/050draa26"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Timothy R Rebbeck","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4799-1900","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NRG Oncology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/050draa26"}}],"datePublished":"2014-05-16","abstract":"Background: There is substantial variability in cancer risk in women who have inherited a BRCA1 or BRCA2 (BRCA1/2) mutation. Numerous factors have been hypothesized to modify these risks, but studies are of variable quality, and it remains unclear which of these may be of value in clinical risk assessment.\n\nMethods: PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched for articles published through September 2013. Fixed effects meta-analysis was done using the hazard ratios and/or odds ratios to estimate the pooled effect estimates (ES) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to identify factors that are associated with cancer risk modification in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers.\n\nResults: We identified 44 nonoverlapping studies that met predefined quality criteria. Sufficient evidence is available to make clinically relevant inferences about a number of cancer risk modifiers. The only variable examined that produced a probable association was late age at first live birth, a meta-analysis showed a decrease in the risk of breast cancer in BRCA1 mutation carriers with women aged 30 years or older vs. women younger than 30 years (ES = 0.65; 95% CI =0.42 to 0.99). The same was shown for women aged 25 to 29 years versus those aged less than 25 years (ES = 0.69; 95% CI = 0.48 to 0.99). Breastfeeding and tubal ligation were associated with reduced ovarian cancer risk in BRCA1 mutation carriers; oral contraceptives were associated with reduced risk among BRCA1/2 mutation carriers. Smoking was associated with increased breast cancer risk in BRCA2 mutation carriers only.\n\nConclusions: Data assessing many potential risk modifiers are inadequate, and many have not been externally validated. Although additional studies are required to confirm some associations, sufficient information is available for some risk factors to be used in risk counseling or lifestyle modification to minimize cancer risk in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"106","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute"}}},"pageStart":"dju091","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/dju091","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33845209"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/jnci/dju091"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24824314"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33845209"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-anticholinergic-medications-on-falls-fracture-risk-and-bone-mineral-de-recl4xaspjhgykull/","name":"Effect of Anticholinergic Medications on Falls, Fracture Risk, and Bone Mineral Density Over a 10-Year Period","headline":"Effect of Anticholinergic Medications on Falls, Fracture Risk, and Bone Mineral Density Over a 10-Year Period","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-anticholinergic-medications-on-falls-fracture-risk-and-bone-mineral-de-recl4xaspjhgykull/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Lisa-Ann Fraser, Jonathan D Adachi, William D Leslie, David Goltzman, Robert Josse, Jerilynn Prior, Stephanie Kaiser, Nancy Kreiger, Christopher S Kovacs, Tassos P Anastassiades, Alexandra Papaioannou"}],"datePublished":"2014-05-09","abstract":"Background: Many medications used in older adults have strong anticholinergic (ACH) properties, which may increase the risk of falls and fractures. Use of these medications was identified in a population-based Canadian cohort.\n\nObjective: To identify the fall and fracture risk associated with ACH medication use.\n\nMethods: Data collection and analysis were conducted at baseline, year 5, and year 10. Cross-sectional analyses were performed to examine associations between ACH medication use and falls. Time-dependent Cox regression was used to examine time to first nontraumatic fracture. Finally, change in bone mineral density (BMD) over 10 years was compared in ACH medication users versus nonusers.\n\nResults: Strongly ACH medications were used by 618 of 7753 participants (8.0%) at study baseline, 592 (9.5%) at year 5, and 334 (7.7%) at year 10. Unadjusted ACH medication use was associated with falls at baseline (odds ratio = 1.50; 95% CI = 1.14-1.98; P = 0.004), but the association was no longer significant after covariate adjustment. Similar results occurred at years 5 and 10. ACH medication use was associated with increased incident fracture risk before (hazard ratio = 1.22; CI = 1.13-1.32; P < 0.001) but not after covariate adjustment. Mean (SD) change in femoral neck BMD T-score over 10 years, in those using ACH medications at both years 0 and 5, was -0.60 (0.63) in ACH users versus -0.49 (0.45) in nonusers (P = 0.041), but this was not significant after covariate adjustment.\n\nConclusions: ACH medications were not found to be independently associated with an increased risk of falling, fractures, or BMD loss. Rather, factors associated with ACH medication use explained the apparent associations.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"48","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Ann Pharmacother"}}},"pageStart":"954","pageEnd":"961","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/1060028014535363","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37452317"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/1060028014535363"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24816210"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37452317"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/premenstrual-spotting-of-2-days-is-strongly-associated-with-histologically-confi-recufaau6txcemial/","name":"Premenstrual spotting of ≥2 days is strongly associated with histologically confirmed endometriosis in women with infertility","headline":"Premenstrual spotting of ≥2 days is strongly associated with histologically confirmed endometriosis in women with infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/premenstrual-spotting-of-2-days-is-strongly-associated-with-histologically-confi-recufaau6txcemial/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard O Burney","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7344-7805","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Madigan Healthcare System, Tacoma, WA; Department of Clinical Investigation, Madigan Healthcare Syst...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01sfyq865"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gregory E Chow","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Madigan Army Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01sfyq865"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ryan J Heitmann","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Madigan Army Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01sfyq865"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Raywin R Huang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8267-8792","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Clinical Investigation, Madigan Healthcare System, Tacoma, WA.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01sfyq865"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kelly L Langan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Madigan Army Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01sfyq865"}}],"datePublished":"2014-05-07","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of endometriosis in women with premenstrual spotting and to determine the predictive value of this symptom in the diagnosis of endometriosis.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 80 consecutive women who presented to the infertility clinic for evaluation and who subsequently underwent laparoscopic assessment for infertility with or without pelvic pain. Our main outcome measure was the presence or absence of histologically confirmed endometriosis in women with and without premenstrual spotting.\n\nRESULTS: Endometriosis was significantly more prevalent in subfertile women who reported premenstrual spotting for ≥2 days relative to women without this symptom (89% [34/38 women] vs 26% [11/42 women]; P < .0001). Multinomial logistic regression analysis demonstrated the presence of premenstrual spotting for ≥2 days to be associated significantly with the presence of endometriosis (odds ratio, 16; 95% confidence interval, 3.9-65.4; P < .01) and red vesicular lesion type (odds ratio, 52.6; 95% confidence interval, 8.6-323.1; P < .001).\n\nCONCLUSION: In this cohort of women with infertility, premenstrual spotting of ≥2 days was associated strongly with histologically confirmed endometriosis and a better predictor than dysmenorrhea or dyspareunia of finding endometriosis at laparoscopy. Premenstrual spotting of at least 2 days was also associated strongly with both higher stage disease and the red vesicular peritoneal endometriosis phenotype.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"211","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"358.e1-358.e3586","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2014.04.041","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50472168"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ajog.2014.04.041"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24799313"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50472168"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/body-weight-and-body-composition-of-depot-medroxyprogesterone-acetate-users-recfhb3qbxfwts3th/","name":"Body weight and body composition of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate users","headline":"Body weight and body composition of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate users","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/body-weight-and-body-composition-of-depot-medroxyprogesterone-acetate-users-recfhb3qbxfwts3th/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Natalia Dal’Ava","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04wffgt70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Luis Bahamondes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7356-8428","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04wffgt70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Valeria Bahamondes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5455-1236","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04wffgt70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ilza Monteiro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9536-0564","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04wffgt70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bruna F Bottura","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04wffgt70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Natália Dal'Ava","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Human Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), and the National Institute of Hormones and Women's Health, 13084-971,..."}}],"datePublished":"2014-05-02","abstract":"Objectives: Weight gain is a concern with the contraceptive depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA); however, this issue remains controversial. The objective of this study was to compare body weight (BW) and body composition (BC) in DMPA and copper intrauterine device (IUD) users at baseline and after one year of use.\n\nStudy Design: We enrolled new DMPA users and age and weight matched new IUD users into this prospective study. Weight and height were measured, BC (fat and lean mass) was evaluated using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and physical activity was assessed at baseline and at 12 months. Student's paired t test and the Wilcoxon paired test for matched samples were used.\n\nResults: Ninety-seven women were enrolled for the study; 26 matched pairs continued using the initial method for at least one year, and completed the baseline and 12 month assessments. An increase of 1.9 kg occurred in BW (p=.02) in DMPA users at 12 months of use, resulting from an increase in fat mass of 1.6 kg (p=.03). Weight remained stable in IUD users; however, there was an increase in lean mass at 12 months of use (p=.001). The number of women practicing physical activity increased in this group. There was a significant difference between the groups regarding the variation in the percentage of central fat (p=.04).\n\nConclusion: Weight gain in the DMPA group after the first year of use resulted from an increase in fat mass. Weight remained stable in the IUD group; however, an increase in lean mass and a reduction in localized abdominal fat mass occurred, possibly because more users were practicing physical activity. IMPLICATIONS STATEMENT: There was a greater increase in body weight in DMPA users compared to TCu380A IUD users in the first year of use of the contraceptive method. Furthermore, the weight increase in users of DMPA occurred principally as the result of an increase in fat mass. Physical activity probably could increase the lean mass in the users of TCu380A IUD.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"90","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"182","pageEnd":"187","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2014.03.011","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47174446"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.contraception.2014.03.011"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24780631"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47174446"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-ovulation-predictor-kits-as-adjuncts-when-using-fertility-awareness-metho-recstrqhf3cbys3do/","name":"Use of ovulation predictor kits as adjuncts when using fertility awareness methods (FAMs): a pilot study","headline":"Use of ovulation predictor kits as adjuncts when using fertility awareness methods (FAMs): a pilot study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-ovulation-predictor-kits-as-adjuncts-when-using-fertility-awareness-metho-recstrqhf3cbys3do/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rene Leiva","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1395-3236","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Ottawa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03c4mmv16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard H. McLaren","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Ottawa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03c4mmv16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elizabeth Tanguay","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2482-9361","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bruyère","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05bznkw77"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ula Burhan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bruyère","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05bznkw77"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Catherine Dalzell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Ottawa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03c4mmv16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Edmond Kyrillos","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bruyère","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05bznkw77"}}],"datePublished":"2014-05-01","abstract":"Purpose: Difficult clinical signs such as confusing cervical mucus or erratic basal body temperature can make the use of fertility awareness methods (FAMs) difficult in some cases. The goal of this study was to assess the feasibility of using a cheap urinary luteinizing hormone (LH)-surge identification kit as an adjunct to identify the infertile phase after ovulation when facing these scenarios.\n\nMethods: The study used a block-allocation, crossover, 2-arm methodology (LH kit/FAM vs FAM only). Comparison of the 2 arms was done with regard to the accuracy of identification (yes/no) of the luteal phase in each cycle as confirmed by serum progesterone concentrations.\n\nResults: We recruited 23 Canadian women currently using FAM, aged 18 to 48 years, who have had menstrual cycles 25 to 35 days long for the past 3 months and perceive themselves to have difficulty with identifying the infertile phase after ovulation. LH kits identified 100% of the luteal phases, whereas FAM indentified 87% (statistically significant). In those identified cycles, LH kits provided a mean of 10.3 days of infertility, and FAM only provided 10 days of infertility (not statistically significant).\n\nConclusions: Among this population, LH kits may offer an adjunct for women who may wish to have an additional double-check. However, there are still clinical circumstances when even an LH kit does not provide confirmation. More research in this area is encouraged.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"27","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine : JABFM"}}},"pageStart":"427","pageEnd":"429","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3122/jabfm.2014.03.130255","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q87833932"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3122/jabfm.2014.03.130255"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24808123"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q87833932"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptives-for-functional-ovarian-cysts-8e1qfd2c/","name":"Oral contraceptives for functional ovarian cysts","headline":"Oral contraceptives for functional ovarian cysts","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptives-for-functional-ovarian-cysts-8e1qfd2c/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Grimes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2115-1866","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jones LB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laureen M Lopez","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Family Health International 360","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007kp6q87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kenneth F Schulz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2596-7616","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Research Triangle Park Foundation","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03eqttr49"}}],"datePublished":"2014-04-29","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Functional ovarian cysts are a common gynecological problem among women of reproductive age worldwide. When large, persistent, or painful, these cysts may require operations, sometimes resulting in removal of the ovary. Since early oral contraceptives were associated with a reduced incidence of functional ovarian cysts, many clinicians inferred that birth control pills could be used to treat cysts as well. This became a common clinical practice in the early 1970s.\n\nOBJECTIVES: This review examined all randomized controlled trials that studied oral contraceptives as therapy for functional ovarian cysts.\n\nSEARCH METHODS: In March 2014, we searched the databases of CENTRAL, PubMed, EMBASE, and POPLINE, as well as clinical trials databases (ClinicalTrials.gov and ICTRP). We also examined the reference lists of articles. For the initial review, we wrote to authors of identified trials to seek articles we had missed.\n\nSELECTION CRITERIA: We included randomized controlled trials in any language that included oral contraceptives used for treatment and not prevention of functional ovarian cysts. Criteria for diagnosis of cysts were those used by authors of trials.\n\nDATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two authors independently abstracted data from the articles. One entered the data into RevMan and a second verified accuracy of data entry. For dichotomous outcomes, we computed the Mantel-Haenszel odds ratio with 95% confidence interval (CI). For continuous outcomes, we calculated the mean difference with 95% CI.\n\nMAIN RESULTS: We identified eight randomized controlled trials from four countries; the studies included a total of 686 women. Treatment with combined oral contraceptives did not hasten resolution of functional ovarian cysts in any trial. This held true for cysts that occurred spontaneously as well as those that developed after ovulation induction. Most cysts resolved without treatment within a few cycles; persistent cysts tended to be pathological (e.g., endometrioma or para-ovarian cyst) and not physiological.\n\nAUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Although widely used for treating functional ovarian cysts, combined oral contraceptives appear to be of no benefit. Watchful waiting for two or three cycles is appropriate. Should cysts persist, surgical management is often indicated.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2014","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Cochrane database of systematic reviews"}}},"pageStart":"CD006134","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD006134.pub5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24194982"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/14651858.CD006134.pub5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24782304"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q24194982"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cohort-efficacy-study-of-natural-family-planning-among-perimenopause-age-women-recqtqfcv3ebngmir/","name":"Cohort efficacy study of natural family planning among perimenopause age women","headline":"Cohort efficacy study of natural family planning among perimenopause age women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cohort-efficacy-study-of-natural-family-planning-among-perimenopause-age-women-recqtqfcv3ebngmir/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qiyan Mu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0550-784X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}}],"datePublished":"2014-04-24","abstract":"Objective: To determine the efficacy of using natural family planning (NFP) methods to avoid unintended pregnancy among women of perimenopause age (i.e., age 40-55 years).\nDesign: A secondary analysis of subset data from two prospective observational cohort studies.\nSetting: A university based in-person and online NFP service program.\n\nParticipants: One hundred and sixty couples who used either a website or an in-person NFP service to learn how to avoid pregnancy from January 2001 to November 2012.\n\nMethods: A prospective 12-month effectiveness study among 160 women (between ages 40-55) who used NFP to avoid pregnancy. The women used either a hormonal fertility monitor, cervical mucus monitoring, or both to estimate the fertile phase of their menstrual cycles. Survival analysis was used to determine the pregnancy rate over 12 months of use.\n\nResults: There were a total of five unintended pregnancies among the participants. The typical use pregnancy rate was six per 100 women over 12 months. The monitor alone participants (n = 35) had a 12-month pregnancy rate of three, the participants (n = 73) who used mucus alone had a pregnancy rate of four, and the participants (n = 42) who used the fertility monitor plus mucus had a pregnancy rate of six.\n\nConclusion: Natural family planning methods can be effective for older women to avoid an unintended pregnancy with correct use and adequate instructions. The pregnancy rate most likely was affected by diminished fertility and motivation to limit family size.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"43","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Neonatal Nursing : JOGNN"}}},"pageStart":"351","pageEnd":"358","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/1552-6909.12307","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44755289"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/1552-6909.12307"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24754305"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44755289"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/inherited-thrombophilia-recekazxtzeoab1cu/","name":"Inherited Thrombophilia","headline":"Inherited Thrombophilia","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/inherited-thrombophilia-recekazxtzeoab1cu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Emily M Armstrong","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of South Alabama","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01s7b5y08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jessica M Bellone","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical College of Wisconsin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00qqv6244"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lori B Hornsby","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Thomas Midtown Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03f1ecr94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Haley M Phillippe","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alabama in Huntsville","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02zsxwr40"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarah Treadway","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of South Alabama","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01s7b5y08"}}],"datePublished":"2014-04-18","abstract":"Thrombophilia alters normal hemostasis, shifting the balance in favor of thrombus formation. Inherited conditions include factor V Leiden (FVL), prothrombin G20210A mutation, deficiencies in natural anticoagulants (antithrombin [AT], protein C, and protein S), hyperhomocysteinemia, and elevations in clotting factors (factors VIII and XI). Although FVL and prothrombin mutation are common disorders, deficiencies in the natural anticoagulants are rare. The risk of initial thrombosis conferred by inherited thrombophilia varies with the highest risk in those homozygous for either FVL or prothrombin mutation, or with AT deficiency. In the nonpregnant patient, the presence of a thrombophilia does not affect treatment of an acute event. Although vitamin B supplementation has been shown to decrease the levels of homocysteine, the treatment has failed to show a benefit in thrombus prevention and is therefore not recommended.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"27","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Pharmacy Practice"}}},"pageStart":"227","pageEnd":"233","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/0897190014530390","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q87695216"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/0897190014530390"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24739277"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q87695216"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/interstitial-cystitis-associated-with-primary-sjgrens-syndrome-successfully-treated-with-a-combination-of-tacrolimus-and-corticosteroid-a-case-report-and-literature-review-rec4z0bqxiced9biy/","name":"Interstitial cystitis associated with primary Sjögren's syndrome successfully treated with a combination of tacrolimus and corticosteroid: A case report and literature review","headline":"Interstitial cystitis associated with primary Sjögren's syndrome successfully treated with a combination of tacrolimus and corticosteroid: A case report and literature review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/interstitial-cystitis-associated-with-primary-sjgrens-syndrome-successfully-treated-with-a-combination-of-tacrolimus-and-corticosteroid-a-case-report-and-literature-review-rec4z0bqxiced9biy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yo Ueda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6065-8486","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Global Health and Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00r9w3j27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hikaru Tomoe","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7163-6020","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tokyo Women's Medical University Adachi Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/048swmy20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yutaka Takahashi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3033-686X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kobe University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03tgsfw79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hiroyuki Yamashita","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0022-1941","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Global Health and Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00r9w3j27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hiroshi Kaneko","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2998-3544","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Global Health and Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00r9w3j27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Toshikazu Kano","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3532-9252","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Global Health and Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00r9w3j27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Akio Mimori","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Global Health and Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00r9w3j27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hiroyuki Takahashi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Global Health and Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00r9w3j27"}}],"datePublished":"2014-04-11","abstract":"We report a case of interstitial cystitis (IC) associated with primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS) successfully controlled with combination therapy of tacrolimus and a corticosteroid. In 2011, a 69-year-old female, who had been diagnosed with primary SS 23 years ago, developed IC and was successfully treated with tacrolimus and prednisolone combination therapy. The mechanism of IC, including the involved autoimmunity, has not been elucidated. Clinical observation studies suggest a potential association between SS and IC. However, IC is currently thought to be underdiagnosed in patients with SS as well as in the general population. Based on our case and others reported previously, IC associated with SS responds well to immunosuppressive therapy. In particular, a combination of a calcineurin inhibitor (tacrolimus or cyclosporine) with a corticosteroid seems to be highly effective. The possibility of IC in patients with SS complaining of lower urinary tract symptoms without features of infection or other identifiable causes should be given attention.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"26","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Modern rheumatology"}}},"pageStart":"445","pageEnd":"449","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3109/14397595.2014.895283","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38203599"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3109/14397595.2014.895283"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24720552"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38203599"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-within-ovulatory-menstrual-cycles-needed-for-cardiovascular-protect-recaevlkzprfzbtbz/","name":"Progesterone Within Ovulatory Menstrual Cycles Needed for Cardiovascular Protection: An Evidence-Based Hypothesis","headline":"Progesterone Within Ovulatory Menstrual Cycles Needed for Cardiovascular Protection: An Evidence-Based Hypothesis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-within-ovulatory-menstrual-cycles-needed-for-cardiovascular-protect-recaevlkzprfzbtbz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2014-04-01","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.14200/jrm.2014.3.0106","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.14200/jrm.2014.3.0106"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chronic-endometritis-in-women-with-recurrent-early-pregnancy-loss-andor-fetal-de-eaqhlgqh/","name":"Chronic endometritis in women with recurrent early pregnancy loss and/or fetal demise","headline":"Chronic endometritis in women with recurrent early pregnancy loss and/or fetal demise","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chronic-endometritis-in-women-with-recurrent-early-pregnancy-loss-andor-fetal-de-eaqhlgqh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Dana B McQueen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0162-1637","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois. Electronic address: dana.mcqueen@northwestern.edu.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/000e0be47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lia A. Bernardi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Northwestern University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/000e0be47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary D Stephenson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7883-1168","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Illinois College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02ys5x139"}}],"datePublished":"2014-04-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of chronic endometritis in women with a history of recurrent early pregnancy loss (REPL) and/or fetal demise (FD).\n\nDESIGN: Observational cohort study using prospectively collected data.\n\nSETTING: Recurrent pregnancy loss program in an academic medical center.\n\nPATIENT(S): Three hundred ninety-five women with a history of two or more pregnancy losses of less than 10 weeks' size or a fetal demise of 10 or more weeks' size.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): All women had an endometrial biopsy. Chronic endometritis was treated with antibiotics, and a second endometrial biopsy was recommended as a \"test of cure.\"\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Subsequent live-birth rate (LBR).\n\nRESULT(S): The overall prevalence of chronic endometritis was 9% (35/395) in this cohort; 7% (21/285) in the REPL group, 14% (8/57) in the FD group, and 11% (6/53) in the combined REPL/FD group. The cure rate was 100% after a course(s) of antibiotics. The subsequent cumulative LBR was 88% (21/24) for the treated chronic endometritis group versus 74% (180/244) for the group without chronic endometritis. The per-pregnancy LBR for the treated chronic endometritis group was 7% (7/98) before treatment versus 56% (28/50) after treatment.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): There was a high prevalence of chronic endometritis in this cohort. The test of cure was 100% with antibiotics. Subsequent LBRs after treatment were encouraging.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"101","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1026","pageEnd":"30","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.12.031","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60197621"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.12.031"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24462055"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q60197621"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptives-and-breast-cancer-risk-overall-and-by-molecular-subtype-amon-recpwjzx9f8jgzj9m/","name":"Oral contraceptives and breast cancer risk overall and by molecular subtype among  young women","headline":"Oral contraceptives and breast cancer risk overall and by molecular subtype among  young women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptives-and-breast-cancer-risk-overall-and-by-molecular-subtype-amon-recpwjzx9f8jgzj9m/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Elisabeth F Beaber","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8401-1396","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathleen E Malone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5643-6714","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wayne State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01070mq45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tang MT"},{"@type":"Person","name":"William E Barlow","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4651-2282","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Public Health Sciences, 2Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; Departments of 3Epidemiology, 4Biostatistics, and 5Pathology, University of Washington, Seatt...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007ps6h72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peggy L Porter","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8271-401X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fred Hutch Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007ps6h72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher I Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1759-105X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Janet R Daling","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fred Hutch Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007ps6h72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mei-Tzu Chen Tang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1486-4698","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fred Hutch Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007ps6h72"}}],"datePublished":"2014-03-19","abstract":"Background: Evidence suggests that recent oral contraceptive (OC) use is associated with a small increased breast cancer risk; yet risks associated with contemporary OC preparations and by molecular subtype are not well characterized.\n\nMethods: We conducted a population-based case-control study of invasive breast cancer among women ages 20 to 44 residing in the Seattle-Puget Sound area from 2004 to 2010 (985 cases and 882 controls). We collected information on contraceptive use and participant characteristics via an in-person interview. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).\n\nResults: Lifetime duration of OC use for ≥ 15 years was associated with an increased breast cancer risk (OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.1-2.2). Current OC use (within 1 year of reference date) for ≥ 5 years was associated with an increased risk (OR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.1-2.5) and there were no statistically significant differences in risk by OC preparation. Risk magnitudes were generally greater among women ages 20 to 39, and for estrogen receptor-negative (ER(-)) and triple-negative breast cancer (current use for ≥ 5 years among ages 20-39: ER(-) OR, 3.5; 95% CI, 1.3-9.0; triple-negative OR, 3.7; 95% CI, 1.2-11.8), although differences between groups were not statistically significant.\n\nConclusions: Long-term use of contemporary OCs and current use for ≥ 5 years was associated with an increased breast cancer risk among women ages 20 to 44. Risk may be greater among younger women and for ER(-) and triple-negative breast cancer, but these findings require confirmation. IMPACT: Continued surveillance and pooled analyses of OC use and breast cancer risk by molecular subtype are needed as OC preparations evolve.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"23","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention : a Publication of the American  Association for Cancer Research, Cosponsored by the American Society of  Preventive Oncology"}}},"pageStart":"755","pageEnd":"764","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-13-0944","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33655313"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-13-0944"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24633144"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33655313"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recommendations-for-the-laboratory-based-detection-of-chlamydia-trachomatis-and--reczjeefvjz2a3ogg/","name":"Recommendations for the laboratory-based detection of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae--2014","headline":"Recommendations for the laboratory-based detection of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae--2014","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recommendations-for-the-laboratory-based-detection-of-chlamydia-trachomatis-and--reczjeefvjz2a3ogg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"No Authors Listed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4186-1435","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad de Granada"}}],"datePublished":"2014-03-14","abstract":"This report updates CDC's 2002 recommendations regarding screening tests to detect Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections (CDC. Screening tests to detect Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections-2002. MMWR 2002;51[No. RR-15]) and provides new recommendations regarding optimal specimen types, the use of tests to detect rectal and oropharyngeal C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae infections, and circumstances when supplemental testing is indicated. The recommendations in this report are intended for use by clinical laboratory directors, laboratory staff, clinicians, and disease control personnel who must choose among the multiple available tests, establish standard operating procedures for collecting and processing specimens, interpret test results for laboratory reporting, and counsel and treat patients. The performance of nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) with respect to overall sensitivity, specificity, and ease of specimen transport is better than that of any of the other tests available for the diagnosis of chlamydial and gonococcal infections. Laboratories should use NAATs to detect chlamydia and gonorrhea except in cases of child sexual assault involving boys and rectal and oropharyngeal infections in prepubescent girls and when evaluating a potential gonorrhea treatment failure, in which case culture and susceptibility testing might be required. NAATs that have been cleared by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the detection of C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae infections are recommended as screening or diagnostic tests because they have been evaluated in patients with and without symptoms. Maintaining the capability to culture for both N. gonorrhoeae and C. trachomatis in laboratories throughout the country is important because data are insufficient to recommend nonculture tests in cases of sexual assault in prepubescent boys and extragenital anatomic site exposure in prepubescent girls. N. gonorrhoeae culture is required to evaluate suspected cases of gonorrhea treatment failure and to monitor developing resistance to current treatment regimens. Chlamydia culture also should be maintained in some laboratories to monitor future changes in antibiotic susceptibility and to support surveillance and research activities such as detection of lymphogranuloma venereum or rare infections caused by variant or mutated C. trachomatis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"63","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"RR-02","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"MMWR. Recommendations and Reports : Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.  Recommendations and Reports"}}},"pageStart":"1","pageEnd":"19","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/choice-of-lumbar-spine-bone-density-reference-database-for-fracture-prediction-i-recamkhg3kily5fyu/","name":"Choice of lumbar spine bone density reference database for fracture prediction in  men and women: a population-based analysis","headline":"Choice of lumbar spine bone density reference database for fracture prediction in  men and women: a population-based analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/choice-of-lumbar-spine-bone-density-reference-database-for-fracture-prediction-i-recamkhg3kily5fyu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"William D Leslie","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1056-1691","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02gfys938"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa Langsetmo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2245-1657","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wei Zhou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5461-3617","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher S Kovacs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5219-9993","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John’s, NL, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04haebc03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W P Olszynski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2834-8645","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Saskatchewan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tassos Anastassiades","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5805-0364","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tanveer Towheed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8738-9394","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Rheumatology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rtaxr13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S M Kaiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3222-3711","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brian Lentle"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nancy Kreiger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Hanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Shawn Davison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8123-7680","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert G Josse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-6264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephanie M Kaiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7183-5754","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}}],"datePublished":"2014-03-13","abstract":"The diagnosis of osteoporosis in men is controversial, although most studies demonstrate similar fracture rates for men and women with the same level of hip bone mineral density (BMD). Whether this applies to the lumbar spine is currently uncertain and has important implications with respect to choice of reference population for T-score calculation and osteoporosis diagnosis. This question was specifically addressed in the population-based Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study cohort of 4745 women and 1887 men ages 50+ yr at the time of baseline lumbar spine dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. In up to 10 yr of observation, incident clinical major osteoporotic fractures occurred in 110 men (5.8%) vs 543 women (11.4%) (p < 0.001). Mean lumbar spine BMD in men was greater than in women, both among those with and those without incident major osteoporotic fracture (p < 0.001). Men were at slightly lower risk for incident major osteoporotic fracture than women for an equivalent lumbar spine BMD (ageand BMD-adjusted rate ratio 0.75, 95% confidence interval 0.60-0.93, p = 0.008) with similar findings after adjustment for the World Health Organization fracture risk assessment clinical risk factors or competing mortality. No significant sex difference in the BMD relationship was seen for vertebral fractures (clinical or radiographic) or for all fractures. In summary, this large population-based longitudinal cohort study found similar or lower fracture risk for men vs women after adjustment for absolute lumbar spine BMD and additional covariates. The least complicated model for describing fracture risk is therefore to use the same reference lumbar spine data for generating T-scores in men and women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Clinical Densitometry : the Official Journal of the International  Society for Clinical Densitometry"}}},"pageStart":"295","pageEnd":"300","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocd.2013.09.003","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37392365"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jocd.2013.09.003"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24613388"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37392365"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteal-phase-deficiency-in-regularly-menstruating-women-prevalence-and-overlap-i-rec2by1wrzz98hroi/","name":"Luteal phase deficiency in regularly menstruating women: prevalence and overlap  in identification based on clinical and biochemical diagnostic criteria","headline":"Luteal phase deficiency in regularly menstruating women: prevalence and overlap  in identification based on clinical and biochemical diagnostic criteria","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteal-phase-deficiency-in-regularly-menstruating-women-prevalence-and-overlap-i-rec2by1wrzz98hroi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ahmad Hammoud","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7581-9024","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kerri Kissell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Office of Extramural Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05aq6yn88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindsey A Sjaarda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0539-8110","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neil J Perkins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6802-4733","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K A Ahrens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5139-9208","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pauline Mendola","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5330-2844","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University at Buffalo, State University of New York","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Wactawski-Wende","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3096-9595","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}}],"datePublished":"2014-03-13","abstract":"Context: Although adequate luteal hormone production is essential for establishing pregnancy, luteal phase deficiency (LPD) is poorly characterized among eumenorrheic women.\n\nObjective: We assessed the prevalence and overlap of two established LPD diagnostic criteria: short luteal phase duration less than10 days (clinical LPD) and suboptimal luteal progesterone of 5 ng/mL or less (biochemical LPD) and their relationship with reproductive hormone concentrations.\nDesign, Setting, and\n\nParticipants: We conducted a prospective study in western New York (2005-2007) following 259 women, aged 18-44 years, for up to two menstrual cycles.\n\nResults: Among ovulatory cycles with recorded cycle lengths (n = 463), there were 41 cycles (8.9%) with clinical LPD, 39 cycles (8.4%) with biochemical LPD, and 20 cycles (4.3%) meeting both criteria. Recurrent clinical and biochemical LPD was observed in eight (3.4%) and five (2.1%) women, respectively. Clinical and biochemical LPD were each associated with lower follicular estradiol (both P ≤ .001) and luteal estradiol (P = .03 and P = .02, respectively) after adjusting for age, race, and percentage body fat. Clinical, but not biochemical, LPD was associated with lower LH and FSH across all phases of the cycle (P ≤ .001).\n\nConclusions: Clinical and biochemical LPD were evident among regularly menstruating women. Estradiol was lower in LPD cycles under either criterion, but LH and FSH were lower only in association with shortened luteal phase (ie, clinical LPD), indicating that clinical and biochemical LPD may reflect different underlying mechanisms. Identifying ovulation in combination with a well-timed luteal progesterone measurement may serve as a cost-effective and specific tool for LPD assessment by clinicians and researchers.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"99","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"E1007-E1014","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2013-3534","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33682515"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jc.2013-3534"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24606080"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33682515"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-contraceptive-use-and-breast-cancer-in-thai-women-recsa6utaw6chl6as/","name":"Hormonal contraceptive use and breast cancer in Thai women","headline":"Hormonal contraceptive use and breast cancer in Thai women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-contraceptive-use-and-breast-cancer-in-thai-women-recsa6utaw6chl6as/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Supannee Promthet","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5787-1948","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Faculty of Public Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01zqv1s26"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Siriporn Kamsa‐ard","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Faculty of Public Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01zqv1s26"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Krittika Suwanrungruang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3637-5109","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Khon Kaen University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03cq4gr50"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Surapon Wiangnon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6626-1914","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Khon Kaen University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03cq4gr50"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Siriporn Kamsa-ard"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jirapat Longkul","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Khon Kaen University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03cq4gr50"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arisara Poosari","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Faculty of Public Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01zqv1s26"}}],"datePublished":"2014-03-13","abstract":"Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. We investigated the association of hormonal contraceptive use and breast cancer in Thai women.\n\nMethods: A cohort study was conducted in Khon Kaen, Thailand. There were 70 cases of histologically confirmed breast cancer among 11 414 women aged 30 to 69 years who were recruited as participants in the cohort study during the period from 1990 through 2001. The study population was followed-up until December 31, 2011. To identify factors associated with incidence of breast cancer, hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using a Cox proportional hazards model.\n\nResults: The 11 414 women provided a total observation time of 157 200 person-years. Breast cancer risk among women with a history of hormonal contraceptive use was 1.31 times that of women without such a history, but the difference was not statistically significant (95% CI, 0.65-2.65). No type of hormonal contraceptive was associated with a significant increase in breast cancer risk as compared with women who had never used hormonal contraceptives (oral contraception: HR = 1.35, 95% CI, 0.65-2.78; injection contraception: HR = 1.25, 95% CI, 0.56-2.80), and there was no relationship between duration of hormonal contraceptive use and breast cancer.\n\nConclusions: There was no association between hormonal contraceptive use and breast cancer; however, this finding should be viewed with caution due to the small number of cases.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Epidemiology"}}},"pageStart":"216","pageEnd":"220","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.2188/jea.je20130121","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37725165"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2188/jea.je20130121"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24614914"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37725165"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/acceptability-of-prophylactic-salpingectomy-with-delayed-oophorectomy-as-risk-re-recwmhd14jzecw2gq/","name":"Acceptability of prophylactic salpingectomy with delayed oophorectomy as  risk-reducing surgery among BRCA mutation carriers","headline":"Acceptability of prophylactic salpingectomy with delayed oophorectomy as  risk-reducing surgery among BRCA mutation carriers","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/acceptability-of-prophylactic-salpingectomy-with-delayed-oophorectomy-as-risk-re-recwmhd14jzecw2gq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Laura L Holman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1580-5381","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04twxam07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Molly S Daniels","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5093-5539","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04twxam07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Charlotte C Sun","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8989-3118","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04twxam07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen H Lu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5317-9927","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04twxam07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sue Friedman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0069-9937","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Facing Our Risk of Cancer Empowered","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h6j3g83"}}],"datePublished":"2014-03-04","abstract":"Objective: Given the emerging evidence for the fimbria as the site of origin for many serous carcinomas in BRCA mutation carriers, consideration is being given in studying prophylactic salpingectomy with delayed oophorectomy (PSDO) as a risk-reducing surgery. We aimed to determine the interest in a study of PSDO among these women.\n\nMethods: We evaluated the results of an online survey conducted by Facing Our Risk of Cancer Empowered (FORCE), a patient advocacy group, from October 2010 to August 2012. Premenopausal BRCA mutation carriers with no history of ovarian cancer or prior bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO) were included.\n\nResults: Of the 204 women meeting inclusion criteria, median age was 35 years, 92.5% were white, 25.7% were Jewish, and 16.7% had a history of breast cancer. Overall, 34.3% reported interest in a study of salpingectomy, 35.3% were unsure, and 30.4% were not interested in the study. Women noted the possibility of lowering ovarian cancer risk without menopause as a compelling reason to participate (83.8%). Reasons for not participating in a salpingectomy study included surgical complications (46.6%), potential ovarian damage (42.2%), planning BSO soon (32.4%), and surgical costs (32.8%). Acceptable study risks included the need for two surgeries (77.2%), possibility of not lowering ovarian cancer risk (68%), and disruption of ovarian blood supply (66.5%).\n\nConclusions: One-third of BRCA mutation carriers indicated definite interest in a PSDO study. Potential study risks were acceptable to most women. These findings suggest that patient accrual for a clinical trial of prophylactic salpingectomy with delayed oophorectomy is possible.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"133","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Gynecologic Oncology"}}},"pageStart":"283","pageEnd":"286","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2014.02.030","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33668934"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ygyno.2014.02.030"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24582866"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33668934"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/serum-leptin-levels-and-reproductive-function-during-the-menstrual-cycle-recqioxpjh1thm5qz/","name":"Serum leptin levels and reproductive function during the menstrual cycle","headline":"Serum leptin levels and reproductive function during the menstrual cycle","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/serum-leptin-levels-and-reproductive-function-during-the-menstrual-cycle-recqioxpjh1thm5qz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kerri Kissell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Office of Extramural Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05aq6yn88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neil J Perkins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6802-4733","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K A Ahrens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5139-9208","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Wactawski-Wende","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3096-9595","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}}],"datePublished":"2014-03-01","abstract":"Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of leptin on reproductive hormones and ovulation.\n\nStudy Design: The BioCycle Study (2005-2007) followed 259 healthy premenopausal women not using hormonal contraceptives for ≤2 menstrual cycles (n = 509 cycles). Serum leptin, estradiol, progesterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone, and testosterone were measured ≤8 times per cycle. The association of time-varying leptin and reproductive hormones over the cycle was estimated with the use of linear mixed models that were adjusted for percent body fat and age with inverse probability weighting for time-varying physical activity, caloric intake, and other reproductive hormones. The odds ratio for sporadic anovulation (n = 42 cycles) was estimated with the use of generalized linear models that were adjusted for percent body fat and age.\n\nResults: Geometric mean serum leptin levels increased from menses to the late luteal phase (16.7-20.4 ng/mL; P < .01), with a mid-cycle peak (21.7 ng/mL) at the time of the LH surge (P < .01). A 10% higher leptin level across the menstrual cycle was associated with higher estradiol levels (2.2%; 95% CI, 1.5-3.0), luteal progesterone levels (2.1%; 95% CI, 0.5-3.7), ovulatory LH levels (1.2%; 95% CI, 0-2.3), testosterone levels (0.6%; 95% CI, 0.3-0.9), and lower follicle-stimulating hormone levels (-0.7%; 95% CI, -1.1 to -0.4). Leptin at the time of the expected LH surge was moderately inversely associated with sporadic anovulation (per log increase in leptin; adjusted odds ratio, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.28-1.22).\n\nConclusion: The association that was observed between leptin level and reproductive function points to a possible relationship between serum leptin level and enhanced fertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"210","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American journal of obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"248.e1-248.e2489","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2013.11.009","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37619235"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ajog.2013.11.009"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24215851"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37619235"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relationship-between-ovarian-cysts-and-infertility-what-surgery-and-when-pbkyjghi/","name":"Relationship between ovarian cysts and infertility: what surgery and when?","headline":"Relationship between ovarian cysts and infertility: what surgery and when?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relationship-between-ovarian-cysts-and-infertility-what-surgery-and-when-pbkyjghi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Legendre G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Catala L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Morinière C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lacoeuille C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Boussion F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Loïc Sentilhes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0009-3625","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France. Electronic address: loicsentilhes@hotmail.com.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/057qpr032"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Descamps P"}],"datePublished":"2014-03-01","abstract":"The relationship between ovarian cysts and infertility is a subject of debate, mainly because it is difficult to determine the real impact of the cyst and its treatment on later fertility. For a long time it was hoped that surgical treatment could prevent potential complications (such as rupture or malignancy). For presumed benign ovarian tumors, fertility sparing should be the main concern. The goal of this survey of current knowledge on the subject is to thoroughly explore the potential relationship between cysts, their treatment, and infertility. Our study is based on a review of the literature dealing with the epidemiology of ovarian cysts and the effects of their surgical management in relation to infertility. Analysis of the epidemiologic data, drawn mainly from comparative studies and cohorts, shows that the role of cysts in infertility is controversial and that the effects of surgical treatment are often more harmful than the cyst itself to the ovarian reserve. Surgery does not seem to improve pregnancy rates. When a surgical option is nonetheless chosen, a conservative laparoscopic approach is more suitable. Besides excision, sclerotherapy and plasma vaporization are promising, offering a greater preservation of the ovarian parenchyma, especially in endometriomas. These techniques must be better defined. The context of the infertility is essential, and surgeons and specialists in reproductive medicine should decide management jointly.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"101","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"608","pageEnd":"14","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.01.021","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34405975"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.01.021"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24559614"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34405975"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cardiovascular-and-general-safety-of-a-24-day-regimen-of-drospirenone-containing-recjzfea52vpxktt8/","name":"Cardiovascular and general safety of a 24-day regimen of drospirenone-containing  combined oral contraceptives: final results from the International Active  Surveillance Study of Women Taking Oral Contraceptives","headline":"Cardiovascular and general safety of a 24-day regimen of drospirenone-containing  combined oral contraceptives: final results from the International Active  Surveillance Study of Women Taking Oral Contraceptives","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cardiovascular-and-general-safety-of-a-24-day-regimen-of-drospirenone-containing-recjzfea52vpxktt8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kristina Bardenheuer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Berlin Center for Epidemiology and Health Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05fzfv584"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jürgen Dinger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Berlin Center for Epidemiology and Health Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05fzfv584"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Klaas Heinemann","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Berlin Center for Epidemiology and Health Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05fzfv584"}}],"datePublished":"2014-03-01","abstract":"Objectives: The \"International Active Surveillance Study of Women Taking Oral Contraceptives\" investigated the risks of shortand long-term use of an extended 24-day regimen of drospirenone and ethinylestradiol (DRSP24d) compared to established oral contraceptives (OCs) in a routine clinical setting.\n\nSTUDY Design: Prospective, controlled, noninterventional cohort study conducted in the United States and six European countries with three main cohorts: new users of DRSP24d, DRSP21d (21-day regimens of DRSP-containing OCs), and non-DRSP (OCs without DRSP). All self-reported clinical outcomes of interest (OoI) were validated via attending physicians and relevant source documents. Main OoI were serious clinical outcomes, in particular venous thromboembolism (VTE). Comprehensive follow-up procedures were implemented. Statistical analyses were based on Cox regression models. Primary statistical variable was the VTE hazard ratio (HR) for DRSP24d vs. non-DRSP.\n\nResults: A total of 2285 study centers enrolled 85,109 women. Study participants were followed for 2 to 6 years, which generated 206,296 woman-years (WY) of observation. A low loss to follow-up of 3.3% was achieved. DRSP24d, DRSP21d, non-DRSP and levonorgestrel-containing OCs (LNG) showed similar incidence rates of venous and arterial thromboembolism, fatal outcomes, cancer, severe depression and other serious adverse events. VTE incidence rates for DRSP24d, DRSP21d, non-DRSP and LNG were 7.2, 9.4, 9.6 and 9.8 VTE/10,000 WY, respectively. Adjusted HRs for DRSP24d vs. non-DRSP and DRSP24d vs. LNG were 0.8 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.5-1.3] and 0.8 (95% CI, 0.4-1.5).\n\nConclusion: DRSP24d, DRSP21d, non-DRSP and LNG use was associated with similar risks of serious adverse events, and particularly VTE, during routine clinical use. IMPLICATION STATEMENT: The 24-day regimen of drospirenone-containing combined OCs is associated with similar risks of venous and arterial thromboembolism, fatal outcomes, cancer, severe depression and other serious adverse events compared to 21-day regimens of drospirenone-containing combined OCs, OCs without drospirenone and LNGs.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"89","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"253","pageEnd":"263","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2014.01.023","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48344187"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.contraception.2014.01.023"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24576793"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q48344187"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/glucocorticoids-predict-10-year-fragility-fracture-risk-in-a-population-based-am-reclxonmnkbiqd0lm/","name":"Glucocorticoids predict 10-year fragility fracture risk in a population-based ambulatory cohort of men and women: Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos)","headline":"Glucocorticoids predict 10-year fragility fracture risk in a population-based ambulatory cohort of men and women: Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/glucocorticoids-predict-10-year-fragility-fracture-risk-in-a-population-based-am-reclxonmnkbiqd0lm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"G Ioannidis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6956-5737","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shelley Pallan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Manisha Mulgund","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lorena P Rios","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital Clínico FUSAT","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01tkrhw05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jing Ma","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0155-414X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lehana Thabane","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8307-3568","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Impact","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05d9dsr70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Shawn Davison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8123-7680","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher S Kovacs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5219-9993","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John’s, NL, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04haebc03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nancy Kreiger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W P Olszynski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2834-8645","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Saskatchewan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tanveer Towheed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8738-9394","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Rheumatology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rtaxr13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandra Papaioannou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9412-0932","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert G Josse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-6264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}}],"datePublished":"2014-02-28","abstract":"We determined the prospective 10-year association among incident fragility fractures and four glucocorticoid (GC) treatment groups (Never GC, Prior GC, Baseline GC, and Ever GC). Results showed that GC treatment is associated with increased 10-year incident fracture risk in ambulatory men and women across Canada.\nPurpose: Using the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study dataset, we determined the prospective 10-year association between incident fragility fractures and GC treatment.\n\nMethods: We conducted a 10-year prospective observational cohort study at nine sites across Canada. A total of 9,263 ambulatory men and women 25 years of age and older were included in the analysis. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards analyses were conducted to determine the relationship among GC treatment groups in four levels that included Never GC, Prior GC, Baseline GC, and Ever GC (combined baseline and prior groups) and time to fracture.\n\nResults: In each of the Never GC, Prior GC, Baseline GC, and Ever GC treatment groups, the number of participants were 8,832 (95.4 %), 303 (3.3 %), 128 (1.4 %), and 431 (4.7 %), respectively. Of the 9,263 individuals enrolled, incident fragility non-spine, hip, spine, and any fractures were experienced by a total of 896 (9.67 %), 157 (1.69 %), 130 (1.40 %), and 1,102 (11.90 %) over 10-years, respectively. For men and women combined, prior GC treatment was associated with a higher hazard ratio (HR) for time to incident non-vertebral (HR = 1.5, 95 % confidence interval [CI] = 1.1, 2.0), hip (HR = 2.1, 95 % CI = 1.1, 4.0), and any fracture (HR = 1.4, 95 % CI = 1.0, 1.8) compared with never GC treatment.\n\nConclusions: GC treatment is associated with increased 10-year incident fracture risk; this highlights the importance of considering therapy to prevent GC-induced fractures for patients who are using GC for various medical conditions.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Arch Osteoporos"}}},"pageStart":"169","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s11657-013-0169-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37418453"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s11657-013-0169-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24577853"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37418453"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-progestins-on-immunity-medroxyprogesterone-but-not-norethisterone-or-levonorgestrel-suppresses-the-function-of-t-cells-and-pdcs-recjwjy4xb5cdc7kh/","name":"Effect of progestins on immunity: medroxyprogesterone but not norethisterone or levonorgestrel suppresses the function of T cells and pDCs","headline":"Effect of progestins on immunity: medroxyprogesterone but not norethisterone or levonorgestrel suppresses the function of T cells and pDCs","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-progestins-on-immunity-medroxyprogesterone-but-not-norethisterone-or-levonorgestrel-suppresses-the-function-of-t-cells-and-pdcs-recjwjy4xb5cdc7kh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard P H Huijbregts","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008s83205"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Huijbregts RP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Katherine G Michel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1852-9450","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008s83205"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zdenek Hel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4923-4794","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008s83205"}}],"datePublished":"2014-02-26","abstract":"Objectives: The potential effect of hormonal contraception on HIV-1 acquisition and transmission represents an important public health issue. Several observational studies have suggested an association between the use of hormonal contraception, in particular injectable depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA), and an increased risk of HIV-1 acquisition and transmission. We and others have previously demonstrated that DMPA acts as a potent inhibitor of innate and adaptive immune mechanisms. The study presented here addresses the immunomodulatory properties of several common progestins with a potential to replace DMPA.\n\nStudy design: To identify safe alternatives to DMPA, we tested the effect of commonly used progestins on the function of human primary T cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) obtained from the blood of healthy premenopausal women.\n\nResults: Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) inhibited the activation of T cells and pDCs in response to T cell receptorand Toll-like receptor-mediated activation at physiological concentrations. Etonogestrel exerted a partial suppressive activity at high concentrations. In sharp contrast, norethisterone (NET) and levonorgestrel (LNG) did not exhibit detectable immunosuppressive activity.\n\nConclusion: Evidence indicating the immunosuppressive properties of DMPA strongly suggests that DMPA should be discontinued and replaced with other forms of long-term contraception. Since NET and LNG do not exert immunosuppressive properties at physiological concentrations, these progestins should be considered as alternative contraceptives for women at high risk for HIV-1 infection.\n\nImplications: The presented data suggest that, at physiological levels, the progestins NET and LNG do not suppress cytokine production by immune cells and should be considered as alternatives to DMPA; however, more in vivo testing is needed to confirm this data.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"90","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"123","pageEnd":"129","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2014.02.006","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36921898"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.contraception.2014.02.006"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24674041"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36921898"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/antidepressant-use-and-10-year-incident-fracture-risk-the-population-based-canad-rec4nifa78zatebhz/","name":"Antidepressant use and 10-year incident fracture risk: the population-based Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMoS)","headline":"Antidepressant use and 10-year incident fracture risk: the population-based Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMoS)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/antidepressant-use-and-10-year-incident-fracture-risk-the-population-based-canad-rec4nifa78zatebhz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Cristiano Soares de Moura","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2109-0709","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sasha Bernatsky","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9515-2802","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michał Abrahamowicz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3172-3952","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandra Papaioannou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9412-0932","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Louis Bessette","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6834-2731","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nancy Kreiger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tanveer Towheed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8738-9394","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Rheumatology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rtaxr13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"William D Leslie","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1056-1691","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02gfys938"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Ioannidis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6956-5737","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa-Ann Fraser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1304-8893","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Western University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02grkyz14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Rahme","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4168-4993","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Pickard","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Joseph's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02cmyty27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Kaiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4947-4571","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}}],"datePublished":"2014-02-25","abstract":"We used data from a large, prospective Canadian cohort to assess the association between selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) and fracture. We found an increased risk of fractures in individuals who used SSRI or SNRI, even after controlling for multiple risk factors.\nIntroduction: Previous studies have suggested an association between SSRIs and increasing risk of fragility fractures. However, the majority of these studies were not long-term analyses or were performed using administrative data and, thus, could not fully control for potential confounders. We sought to determine whether the use of SSRIs and SNRIs is associated with increased risk of fragility fracture, in adults aged 50 + .\n\nMethods: We used data from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos), a prospective randomly selected population-based community cohort; our analyses focused on subjects aged 50+. Time to event methodology was used to assess the association between SSRI/SNRI use, modeled time-dependently, and fragility fracture.\n\nResults: Among 6,645 subjects, 192 (2.9%) were using SSRIs or/and SNRIs at baseline. During the 10-year study period, 978 (14.7%) participants experienced at least one fragility fracture. In our main analysis, SSRI/SNRI use was associated with increased risk of fragility fracture (hazard ratio (HR), 1.88; 95% confidence intervals (CI), 1.48-2.39). After controlling for multiple risk factors, including Charlson score, previous falls, and bone mineral density hip and lumbar bone density, the adjusted HR for current SSRI/SNRI use remained elevated (HR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.32-2.14).\n\nConclusions: Our results lend additional support to an association between SSRI/SNRI use and fragility fractures. Given the high prevalence of antidepressants use, and the impact of fractures on health, our findings may have a significant clinical impact.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"25","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Osteoporos Int"}}},"pageStart":"1473","pageEnd":"1481","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-014-2649-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37392391"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00198-014-2649-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24566587"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37392391"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-association-between-endometriosis-and-chronic-endometritis-recid8hvquzgigrgk/","name":"The association between endometriosis and chronic endometritis","headline":"The association between endometriosis and chronic endometritis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-association-between-endometriosis-and-chronic-endometritis-recid8hvquzgigrgk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Akie Takebayashi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6426-9082","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shiga University of Medical Science","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00d8gp927"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fuminori Kimura","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9840-4227","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shiga University of Medical Science","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00d8gp927"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mitsuaki Ishida","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9585-4118","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shiga University of Medical Science","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00d8gp927"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Atsushi Takahashi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5698-553X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shiga University of Medical Science","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00d8gp927"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Akiyoshi Yamanaka","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7685-6938","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shiga University of Medical Science","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00d8gp927"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kentaro Takahashi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4273-3365","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shiga University of Medical Science","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00d8gp927"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Takashi Murakami","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0250-0856","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shiga University of Medical Science","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00d8gp927"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yohei Kishi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nara City Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dzpsy49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hiroshi Suginami","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nara City Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dzpsy49"}}],"datePublished":"2014-02-22","abstract":"Objective: To evaluate the association between endometriosis and chronic endometritis.\n\nMethods: Endometrial specimens were obtained from 71 patients, 34 with endometriosis (endometriosis group) and 37 without endometriosis (non-endometriosis group), who underwent hysterectomy, and the specimens were immunostained for the plasmacyte marker CD138. The rate of chronic endometritis was compared between the endometriosis group and the non-endometriosis group. Furthermore, the 71 patients were also divided into two groups, 28 with chronic endometritis (chronic endometritis group) and 43 without chronic endometritis (non-chronic endometritis group). Logistic regression analysis was performed with variables including age, body mass index (BMI), gravidity and parity, and diagnoses of leiomyoma, adenomyosis, and endometriosis on pathology to examine the independent effect of each variable on chronic endometritis. Patients suffering from cervical invasive carcinoma, endometrial carcinoma, and endometrial polyps or treated with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists, progestins, or oral contraceptives before surgery were excluded.\n\nResults: Chronic endometritis was identified in 52.94% of the endometriosis group and 27.02% of the non-endometriosis group (p<0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that endometriosis was associated with chronic endometritis.\n\nConclusions: This result suggests a strong association between endometriosis and chronic endometritis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"PloS One"}}},"pageStart":"e88354","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0088354","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35099551"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1371/journal.pone.0088354"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24558386"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35099551"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/impact-of-art-on-pregnancies-in-california-an-analysis-of-maternity-outcomes-and-ute3xhil/","name":"Impact of ART on pregnancies in California: an analysis of maternity outcomes and insights into the added burden of neonatal intensive care","headline":"Impact of ART on pregnancies in California: an analysis of maternity outcomes and insights into the added burden of neonatal intensive care","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/impact-of-art-on-pregnancies-in-california-an-analysis-of-maternity-outcomes-and-ute3xhil/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Merritt TA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Goldstein M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Philips R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Iwakoshi J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rodriguez A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Oshiro B"}],"datePublished":"2014-02-20","abstract":"Objective: We reviewed the occurrence of prematurity, low birth weight, multiple gestations, frequency of stillbirths and maternity care-associated variables including hospital stay and hospital charges of women conceiving using assisted reproductive technology (ART) or artificial insemination (AI) compared with women with a history of infertility who conceived naturally, and all other naturally conceived pregnancies in California at non-federal hospitals between 2009 and 2011. At a single center, infants born after ART/AI were compared with infants provided care in the normal nursery.\n\nStudy design: Publically available inpatient data sets from the California Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development for years 2009-2011 using data from all California non-federal hospitals were used to determine the impact of ART on a variety of pregnancy-related outcomes and infant characteristics. Infant data from a single center was used to determine hospital charges for infants delivered over an 18-month period to compare the hospital and physician charges indexed to similar charges for infants admitted to the 'normal' newborn nursery.\n\nResult: Among ART/AI pregnancies, there was a 4-5-fold increase in stillbirths, compared with a 2-3-fold increase among women with infertility compared with other naturally conceiving women. ART/AI pregnancies underwent more cesarean sections (fourfold), and a near fourfold increase in the rate of preterm deliveries. Multiple gestations were increased 24-27-fold compared with naturally conceived pregnancies. Maternal hospital stay and hospital charges were increased among those undergoing ART/AI. Infant charges were increased multi-fold for singletons, twins and triplets delivered after ART/AI compared with naturally conceived infants.\n\nConclusion: Multiple births, preterm births and a higher overall rate of fetal anomalies were found in California after ART/AI for 2009-2011. Cesarean section rates, longer length of maternal stay and hospital charges among women receiving ART/AI could be lowered if emphasis on elective single embryo transfers was a higher priority among providers. Charges for the care of infants delivered after ART/AI are substantially higher than among naturally conceived infants born late preterm or at term. Families seeking ART/AI need to be informed of the impact of these adverse pregnancy outcomes, including neonatal outcomes and charges for medical care for their infant(s), when considering ART/AI.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"34","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Perinatology"}}},"pageStart":"345","pageEnd":"350","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1038/jp.2014.17","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46811017"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/jp.2014.17"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46811017"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/differential-glucocorticoid-receptor-mediated-effects-on-immunomodulatory-gene-expression-by-progestin-contraceptives-implications-for-hiv-1-pathogenesis-reckv0pkadieyhs1f/","name":"Differential glucocorticoid receptor-mediated effects on immunomodulatory gene expression by progestin contraceptives: implications for HIV-1 pathogenesis","headline":"Differential glucocorticoid receptor-mediated effects on immunomodulatory gene expression by progestin contraceptives: implications for HIV-1 pathogenesis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/differential-glucocorticoid-receptor-mediated-effects-on-immunomodulatory-gene-expression-by-progestin-contraceptives-implications-for-hiv-1-pathogenesis-reckv0pkadieyhs1f/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Janet P Hapgood","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4414-4861","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Molecular and Cell Biology University of Cape Town Rondebosch South Africa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03p74gp79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roslyn M Ray","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4462-8532","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Cape Town","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03p74gp79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chanel Avenant","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0216-1575","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Cape Town","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03p74gp79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michele Tomasicchio","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2421-7215","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Molecular and Cell Biology University of Cape Town Rondebosch South Africa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03p74gp79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yashini Govender","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Cape Town","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03p74gp79"}}],"datePublished":"2014-02-18","abstract":"Whether hormonal contraceptives increase HIV-1 acquisition, transmission and disease progression are critical questions. Clinical research has been hampered by a lack of understanding that different progestins used in contraception exhibit differential off-target effects via steroid receptors other than the progesterone receptor. Of particular, relevance is the relative effects of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) and norethisterone enanthate (NET-EN), widely used as injectable contraceptives in sub-Saharan Africa. While most high-quality clinical studies find no increased risk for HIV-1 acquisition with oral contraception or injectable NET-EN, most do find an increase with MPA, particularly in young women. Furthermore, mounting evidence from animal, ex vivo and biochemical studies are consistent with MPA acting to increase HIV-1 acquisition and pathogenesis, via mechanisms involving glucocorticoid-like effects on gene expression, in particular genes involved in immune function. We report that MPA, unlike NET and progesterone, represses inflammatory genes in human PBMCs in a dose-dependent manner, via the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), at concentrations within the physiologically relevant range. These and published results collectively suggest that the differential GR activity of MPA versus NET may be a mechanism whereby MPA, unlike NET or progesterone, differentially modulates HIV-1 acquisition and pathogenesis in target cells where the GR is the predominant steroid receptor expressed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"71","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Am J Reprod Immunol"}}},"pageStart":"505","pageEnd":"512","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/aji.12214","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38189088"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/aji.12214"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24547700"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38189088"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/variability-in-the-morphologic-assessment-of-human-sperm-use-of-the-strict-crite-rece1nqqd2jgaz4ho/","name":"Variability in the morphologic assessment of human sperm: use of the strict criteria recommended by the World Health Organization in 2010","headline":"Variability in the morphologic assessment of human sperm: use of the strict criteria recommended by the World Health Organization in 2010","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/variability-in-the-morphologic-assessment-of-human-sperm-use-of-the-strict-crite-rece1nqqd2jgaz4ho/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yuanyuan Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7687-7816","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"City of Hope","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01z1vct10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jiali Yang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3785-2472","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00p991c53"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wei Xia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4423-9093","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00p991c53"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mingyue Ding","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3933-1205","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03c9ncn37"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ming Yuchi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1506-0631","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00p991c53"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Huangtao Guan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00p991c53"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yanping Jia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0409-0942","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00p991c53"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tianqing Meng","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7167-7390","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00p991c53"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chengliang Xiong","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2644-5176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00p991c53"}}],"datePublished":"2014-02-15","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine the variability in the recognition of normal sperm and various sperm defects using the strict criteria recommended by the World Health Organization (5th edition, 2010).\n\nDESIGN: Sperm morphologic assessment by three experienced evaluators.\n\nSETTING: Image processing laboratory and reproduction research institute.\n\nPATIENT(S): Semen donors from a sperm bank.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): The morphology of 5,296 sperm was evaluated using statistical analyses of variability.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The proportion and coefficients of variation (CVs) of normal sperm, defects of specific parts, and the categories of defects were measured. The degree of agreement between any two of the three evaluators was calculated. The multiple anomalies index, teratozoospermia index, sperm deformity index, and the CVs were also measured.\n\nRESULT(S): The CVs of normal sperm, multiple anomalies index, teratozoospermia index, and sperm deformity index were 4.80%, 4.14%, 5.75%, and 6.81%, respectively. A broader range (4.80%-132.97%) of CVs was observed for the recognition of various defects. The coefficients of the degree of agreement concerning specific morphologic parts of sperm varied (0.387-0.607), with lower relative values for the head and mid-piece than for the tail and cytoplasm.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): The sperm head is more difficult to evaluate than the other parts using the criteria recommended by the World Health Organization in 2010. The degree of agreement concerning specific parts and various defects varied in broad ranges. A stricter definition for each defect is needed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"101","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"945","pageEnd":"949","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.12.047","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44632656"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.12.047"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24524830"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44632656"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-use-of-lowdose-naltrexone-ldn-as-a-novel-antiinflammatory-treatment-for-chro-xjvpgsbw/","name":"The use of low-dose naltrexone (LDN) as a novel anti-inflammatory treatment for chronic pain","headline":"The use of low-dose naltrexone (LDN) as a novel anti-inflammatory treatment for chronic pain","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-use-of-lowdose-naltrexone-ldn-as-a-novel-antiinflammatory-treatment-for-chro-xjvpgsbw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Younger J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Parkitny L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"McLain D"}],"datePublished":"2014-02-15","abstract":"Low-dose naltrexone (LDN) has been demonstrated to reduce symptom severity in conditions such as fibromyalgia, Crohn's disease, multiple sclerosis, and complex regional pain syndrome. We review the evidence that LDN may operate as a novel anti-inflammatory agent in the central nervous system, via action on microglial cells. These effects may be unique to low dosages of naltrexone and appear to be entirely independent from naltrexone's better-known activity on opioid receptors. As a daily oral therapy, LDN is inexpensive and well-tolerated. Despite initial promise of efficacy, the use of LDN for chronic disorders is still highly experimental. Published trials have low sample sizes, and few replications have been performed. We cover the typical usage of LDN in clinical trials, caveats to using the medication, and recommendations for future research and clinical work. LDN may represent one of the first glial cell modulators to be used for the management of chronic pain disorders.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"33","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical Rheumatology"}}},"pageStart":"451","pageEnd":"459","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-014-2517-2","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s10067-014-2517-2"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/antinmethylaspartate-receptor-encephalitis-in-identical-twin-sisters-role-for-oo-2zupyq2q/","name":"Anti-N-methyl-aspartate receptor encephalitis in identical twin sisters: role for oophorectomy","headline":"Anti-N-methyl-aspartate receptor encephalitis in identical twin sisters: role for oophorectomy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/antinmethylaspartate-receptor-encephalitis-in-identical-twin-sisters-role-for-oo-2zupyq2q/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Masghati S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nosratian M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dorigo O"}],"datePublished":"2014-02-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Anti-N-methyl-aspartate receptor encephalitis is a potentially fatal form of encephalitis and frequently associated with ovarian teratomas. Surgical removal of ovarian teratomas improves clinical outcome, but it is unclear whether bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for normal-appearing ovaries is of clinical benefit. CASE: Our report describes a unique clinical scenario of identical twin sisters with anti-N-methyl-aspartate receptor encephalitis. Neither patient responded to immunosuppressive therapy. Imaging studies showed normal-appearing ovaries. The first twin continued on medical therapy only and died of the disease. The second twin underwent a bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy followed by gradual recovery. CONCLUSION: Based on our experience in two genetically identical individuals, we suggest considering the removal of normal-appearing ovaries in patients with anti-N-methyl-aspartate receptor encephalitis who fail to respond to medical treatment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics & Gynecology"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0000000000000078","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/AOG.0000000000000078"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24413237"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/definition-and-epidemiology-of-unexplained-infertility-8awudplq/","name":"Definition and epidemiology of unexplained infertility","headline":"Definition and epidemiology of unexplained infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/definition-and-epidemiology-of-unexplained-infertility-8awudplq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Gelbaya TA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Potdar N","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4963-9919"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jeve YB","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5389-9588"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nardo LG"}],"datePublished":"2014-02-01","abstract":"The diagnosis of unexplained infertility can be made only after excluding common causes of infertility using standard fertility investigations,which include semen analysis, assessment of ovulation, and tubal patency test. These tests have been selected as they have definitive correlation with pregnancy. It is estimated that a standard fertility evaluation will fail to identify an abnormality in approximately 15% to 30% of infertile couples. The reported incidence of such unexplained infertility varies according to the age and selection criteria in the study population. We conducted a review of the literature via MEDLINE. Articles were limited to English-language, human studies published between 1950 and 2013. Since first coined more than 50 years ago, the term unexplained infertility has been a subject of debate. Although additional investigations are reported to explain or define other causes of infertility, these have high false-positive results and therefore cannot be recommended for routine clinical practice. Couples with unexplained infertility might be reassured that even after 12 months of unsuccessful attempts, 50% will conceive in the following 12 months and another 12% in the year after.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"69","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrical & gynecological survey"}}},"pageStart":"109","pageEnd":"15","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/OGX.0000000000000043","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38238938"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/OGX.0000000000000043"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25112489"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38238938"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-physical-activity-across-the-menstrual-cycle-on-reproductive-function-rec3itva2hllvmdc0/","name":"The effect of physical activity across the menstrual cycle on reproductive function","headline":"The effect of physical activity across the menstrual cycle on reproductive function","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-physical-activity-across-the-menstrual-cycle-on-reproductive-function-rec3itva2hllvmdc0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"K A Ahrens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5139-9208","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neil J Perkins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6802-4733","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Catherine J. Vladutiu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8840-2199","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Wactawski-Wende","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3096-9595","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}}],"datePublished":"2014-02-01","abstract":"Purpose: To evaluate the association between physical activity (PA) across the menstrual cycle and reproductive function.\n\nMethods: The BioCycle Study (2005-2007) followed 259 healthy premenopausal women not using hormonal contraceptives for up to two menstrual cycles (N = 509 cycles). Serum leptin, estradiol, progesterone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and testosterone were measured five to eight times per cycle. Linear mixed models were used to estimate the effect of past-week PA (measured four times during each cycle) on hormone levels. Past-week PA was categorized into tertiles based on metabolic equivalent of task hours per week (cut-points were 15.3 and 35.7). Risk ratios for sporadic anovulation were estimated using generalized linear models. Analyses adjusted for habitual PA (assessed at baseline), body mass index, race, age, and perceived stress. Linear mixed models used inverse probability weights to control for concurrent reproductive hormones and caloric intake.\n\nResults: High past-week PA was inversely associated with leptin (-6.6%; 95% confidence interval, -10.6 to -2.5) and luteal phase progesterone (-22.1%; -36.2 to -4.7) as compared with low past-week PA. High past-week PA was not significantly associated with sporadic anovulation (adjusted risk ratio, 1.5; 0.6 to 3.4).\n\nConclusions: High levels of PA were modestly associated with changes in select hormones but not sporadic anovulation among moderate to highly active premenopausal women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Annals of epidemiology"}}},"pageStart":"127","pageEnd":"134","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.17615/xeh5-9h86","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.17615/xeh5-9h86"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/interconnection-between-assisted-reproductive-technologies-pregnancy-complicatio-edlqaomx/","name":"[Interconnection between assisted reproductive technologies, pregnancy complications and risk of birth defects]","headline":"[Interconnection between assisted reproductive technologies, pregnancy complications and risk of birth defects]","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/interconnection-between-assisted-reproductive-technologies-pregnancy-complicatio-edlqaomx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Grabar' VV"}],"datePublished":"2014-02-01","abstract":"The aim of the article was to investigate the relationship between pregnancy complications, infertility and assisted reproductive technologies (ART). The study was conducted on 1331 couples with complicated reproductive history. It is found that miscarriage and other complications of pregnancy depend rather on the etiopathogenesis of infertility than on the technique of ART. The highest frequency of complications of pregnancy was diagnosed in women with endocrine disorders. In case of congenital malformations in the fetus the frequency of birth defects was 3.6% after in vitro fertilization (IVF) and 1.8% in case of spontaneous pregnancy. It was found an increased risk of birth defects in singleton boys conceived by IVF.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Georgian medical news"},"pageStart":"7","pageEnd":"14","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q95565685","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24632639"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q95565685"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clitoral-vascularization-and-sexual-behavior-in-young-patients-treated-with-dros-gytbhevi/","name":"Clitoral vascularization and sexual behavior in young patients treated with drospirenone-ethinyl estradiol or contraceptive vaginal ring: a prospective, randomized, pilot study","headline":"Clitoral vascularization and sexual behavior in young patients treated with drospirenone-ethinyl estradiol or contraceptive vaginal ring: a prospective, randomized, pilot study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clitoral-vascularization-and-sexual-behavior-in-young-patients-treated-with-dros-gytbhevi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Cesare Battaglia","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Morotti E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nicola Persico","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9028-9597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ospedale Maggiore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0053ctp29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Battaglia B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Busacchi P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Casadio P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paradisi R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Venturoli S"}],"datePublished":"2014-02-01","abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Oral contraceptives (OC) are effective for birth control and have good cycle control and tolerability. However, the hormonal components could modify mood and libido.\n\nAIM: The aim of this study is to evaluate the genital vascular effects and sexual behavior of an OC containing 30 μg ethinyl estradiol and 3 mg drospirenone in comparison with a flexible combined contraceptive vaginal ring.\n\nMETHODS: Forty women underwent a sonographic assessment of the clitoral anatomy and vascularization and were administered the McCoy Female Sexuality Questionnaire (MFSQ) and the Beck's Depression Inventory questionnaire (BDI). Estradiol, androstenedione, testosterone, and SHBG were assayed. Free Androgen Index (FAI) and Free Estrogen Index (FEI) were calculated. The patients were randomly submitted to OC (group I; n = 21) or vaginal ring (group II; n = 19).\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Ultrasonographic clitoral volume, pulsatility index (PI) of dorsal clitoral arteries, MFSQ, BDI, and hormonal and biochemical assays were analyzed.\n\nRESULTS: After therapy, the testosterone levels were reduced in both groups, whereas estradiol decreased only in group I women. The SHBG increased in all the subjects, and both FAI and FEI decreased. The clitoral volume decreased in all the women. The PI of the dorsal clitoral artery increased only in patients on OC. The hormonal contraception was associated, in both studied groups, with a significant decrease of the two-factor Italian MFSQ score, which was more marked in OC users. In group I subjects, there was a reduction of the number of intercourse/week and a reduction of orgasm frequency during intercourse. The pain during intercourse worsened after OC use. The vaginal ring users reported a vaginal wetness.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Six-month treatment with hormonal contraception is associated with a diminished MFSQ score. However, the frequency of sexual intercourse and orgasm was reduced only by the use of OC. The OC use was associated with increased pain during intercourse.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The journal of sexual medicine"}}},"pageStart":"471","pageEnd":"80","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/jsm.12392","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46193446"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/jsm.12392"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24299553"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46193446"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/outofpocket-fertility-patient-expense-data-from-a-multicenter-prospective-cohort-ndh1oobm/","name":"Out-of-pocket fertility patient expense: data from a multicenter prospective infertility cohort","headline":"Out-of-pocket fertility patient expense: data from a multicenter prospective infertility cohort","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/outofpocket-fertility-patient-expense-data-from-a-multicenter-prospective-cohort-ndh1oobm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Wu AK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Odisho AY"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Washington SL 3rd"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Katz P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"James F. Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4221-9858"}],"datePublished":"2014-02-01","abstract":"PURPOSE: The high costs of fertility care may deter couples from seeking care. Urologists often are asked about the costs of these treatments. To our knowledge previous studies have not addressed the direct out-of-pocket costs to couples. We characterized these expenses in patients seeking fertility care.\n\nMATERIALS AND METHODS: Couples were prospectively recruited from 8 community and academic reproductive endocrinology clinics. Each participating couple completed face-to-face or telephone interviews and cost diaries at study enrollment, and 4, 10 and 18 months of care. We determined overall out-of-pocket costs, in addition to relationships between out-of-pocket costs and treatment type, clinical outcomes and socioeconomic characteristics on multivariate linear regression analysis.\n\nRESULTS: A total of 332 couples completed cost diaries and had data available on treatment and outcomes. Average age was 36.8 and 35.6 years in men and women, respectively. Of this cohort 19% received noncycle based therapy, 4% used ovulation induction medication only, 22% underwent intrauterine insemination and 55% underwent in vitro fertilization. The median overall out-of-pocket expense was $5,338 (IQR 1,197-19,840). Couples using medication only had the lowest median out-of-pocket expenses at $912 while those using in vitro fertilization had the highest at $19,234. After multivariate adjustment the out-of-pocket expense was not significantly associated with successful pregnancy. On multivariate analysis couples treated with in vitro fertilization spent an average of $15,435 more than those treated with intrauterine insemination. Couples spent about $6,955 for each additional in vitro fertilization cycle.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: These data provide real-world estimates of out-of-pocket costs, which can be used to help couples plan for expenses that they may incur with treatment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"191","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of urology"}}},"pageStart":"427","pageEnd":"32","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2013.08.083","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.juro.2013.08.083"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24018235"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/combination-contraceptives-effects-on-weight-recmtw7vnbcqgzyme/","name":"Combination contraceptives: effects on weight","headline":"Combination contraceptives: effects on weight","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/combination-contraceptives-effects-on-weight-recmtw7vnbcqgzyme/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria F Gallo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8004-0544","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042twtr12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Grimes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2115-1866","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Florence Lefebvre d’Hellencourt","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3794-4864","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Family Health International 360","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007kp6q87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kenneth F Schulz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2596-7616","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Research Triangle Park Foundation","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03eqttr49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Florence Carayon","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"FHI360; Clinical Sciences; Durham North Carolina USA 27701"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Frans M Helmerhorst","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Leiden University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xvt9f17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laureen M Lopez","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Family Health International 360","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007kp6q87"}}],"datePublished":"2014-01-31","abstract":"Background: Weight gain is often considered a side effect of combination hormonal contraceptives, and many women and clinicians believe that an association exists. Concern about weight gain can limit the use of this highly effective method of contraception by deterring the initiation of its use and causing early discontinuation among users. However, a causal relationship between combination contraceptives and weight gain has not been established.\n\nObjectives: The aim of the review was to evaluate the potential association between combination contraceptive use and changes in weight. SEARCH\n\nMethods: In November 2013, we searched the computerized databases CENTRAL (The Cochrane Library), MEDLINE, POPLINE, EMBASE, and LILACS for studies of combination contraceptives, as well as ClinicalTrials.gov and International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP). For the initial review, we also wrote to known investigators and manufacturers to request information about other published or unpublished trials not discovered in our search.\nSelection Criteria: All English-language, randomized controlled trials were eligible if they had at least three treatment cycles and compared a combination contraceptive to a placebo or to a combination contraceptive that differed in drug, dosage, regimen, or study length.\nData Collection and Analysis: All titles and abstracts located in the literature searches were assessed. Data were entered and analyzed with RevMan. A second author verified the data entered. For continuous data, we calculated the mean difference and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the mean change in weight between baseline and post-treatment measurements using a fixed-effect model. For categorical data, such as the proportion of women who gained or lost more than a specified amount of weight, the Peto odds ratio with 95% CI was calculated.\n\nMAIN Results: We found 49 trials that met our inclusion criteria. The trials included 85 weight change comparisons for 52 distinct contraceptive pairs (or placebos). The four trials with a placebo or no intervention group did not find evidence supporting a causal association between combination oral contraceptives or a combination skin patch and weight change. Most comparisons of different combination contraceptives showed no substantial difference in weight. In addition, discontinuation of combination contraceptives because of weight change did not differ between groups where this was studied. AUTHORS'\n\nConclusions: Available evidence was insufficient to determine the effect of combination contraceptives on weight, but no large effect was evident. Trials to evaluate the link between combination contraceptives and weight change require a placebo or non-hormonal group to control for other factors, including changes in weight over time.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2014","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"}}},"pageStart":"CD003987","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD003987.pub5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24200949"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/14651858.CD003987.pub5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24477630"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q24200949"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-therapy-endothelial-function-and-cardiovascular-risk-factors-a-3-mo-recb1oxdrjxsziuyr/","name":"Progesterone therapy, endothelial function and cardiovascular risk factors: a  3-month randomized, placebo-controlled trial in healthy early postmenopausal  women","headline":"Progesterone therapy, endothelial function and cardiovascular risk factors: a  3-month randomized, placebo-controlled trial in healthy early postmenopausal  women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-therapy-endothelial-function-and-cardiovascular-risk-factors-a-3-mo-recb1oxdrjxsziuyr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas G Elliott","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4626-6440","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine L Hitchcock","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation Research, Division of Endocrinology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eric G Norman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vesna Stajic","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2014-01-28","abstract":"Background: Progesterone is effective treatment for hot flushes/night sweats. The cardiovascular effects of progesterone therapy are unknown but evidence suggests that premenopausal normal estradiol with also normal progesterone levels may provide later cardiovascular protection. We compared the effects of progesterone to placebo on endothelial function, weight, blood pressure, metabolism, lipids, inflammation and coagulation. METHODS AND\n\nResults: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, 3-month placebo-controlled trial of progesterone (300 mg daily) among 133 healthy postmenopausal women in Vancouver, Canada from 2003-2009. Endothelial function by venous occlusion plethysmography was a planned primary outcome. Enrolled women were 1-11 y since last menstruation, not using hormones (for >6 months), non-smoking, without diabetes, hypertension, heart disease or their medications. Randomized (1∶1) women (55 ± 4 years, body mass index 25 ± 3) initially had normal blood pressure, fasting lipid, glucose and electrocardiogram results. Endothelial function (% forearm blood flow above saline) was not changed with progesterone (487 ± 189%, n = 18) compared with placebo (408 ± 278%, n = 16) (95% CI diff [-74 to 232], P = 0.30). Progesterone (n = 65) and placebo (n = 47) groups had similar changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, resting heart rate, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels. High-density lipoprotein was lower (-0.14 mmol/L, P = 0.001) on progesterone compared with placebo. Fasting glucose, hs-C-reactive protein, albumin and D-dimer changes were all comparable to placebo. Framingham General Cardiovascular Risk Profile scores were initially low and remained low with progesterone therapy and not statistically different from placebo.\n\nConclusions: Results indicate that progesterone has short-term cardiovascular safety. Endothelial function, weight, blood pressure, waist circumference, inflammation and coagulation were unchanged as were lipids except for HDL-C. The statistically significant decrease in HDL-C levels was not clinically important (based on lack of Cardiovascular Risk Profile change).\n\nTrial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00152438.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"PloS One"}}},"pageStart":"e84698","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0084698","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37499223"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1371/journal.pone.0084698"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24465425"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37499223"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/are-we-overusing-ivf-kygs3hhr/","name":"Are we overusing IVF?","headline":"Are we overusing IVF?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/are-we-overusing-ivf-kygs3hhr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kamphuis EI","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7987-8849"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Siladitya Bhattacharya","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6279-7826","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aberdeen Maternity Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0020hse07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"van der Veen F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ben W Mol","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8337-550X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00q6h8f30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Templeton A"}],"datePublished":"2014-01-28","abstract":"The indications for IVF have expanded from tubal disorders to many causes of subfertility, including unexplained. But with limited evidence underpinning its extended remit Esme Kamphuis and colleagues explain how the risks could outweigh the benefits.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.g252","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38182777"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj.g252"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24472708"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38182777"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptives-hormone-replacement-therapy-and-breast-cancer-risk-a-cohort--rec2lvd0xunbbprnv/","name":"Oral contraceptives, hormone replacement therapy and breast cancer risk: a cohort  study of 16 928 women 48 years and older","headline":"Oral contraceptives, hormone replacement therapy and breast cancer risk: a cohort  study of 16 928 women 48 years and older","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptives-hormone-replacement-therapy-and-breast-cancer-risk-a-cohort--rec2lvd0xunbbprnv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thuridur Thorbjarnardottir","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre of Public Health Sciences, University of Iceland , Reykjavik , Iceland."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Unnur Valdimarsdóttir","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5382-946X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laufey Tryggvadottir","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8067-9030","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Iceland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01db6h964"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elinborg J Olafsdottir","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Icelandic Cancer Society","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052m6j024"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Orn Olafsson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Iceland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01db6h964"}}],"datePublished":"2014-01-28","abstract":"Background: Findings on potential interactive effects of oral contraceptives (OCs) and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on breast cancer risk have been inconsistent. We aimed to use population-based cohort data to determine whether former use of OCs affects breast cancer risk among HRT users, taking into account regimens of HRT, duration and currency of use.\n\nMethods: The cohort consisted of 16 928 Icelandic women who visited the Icelandic Cancer Detection Clinic in 1979-2006 and provided information on use of OCs and HRT when they were 48 years or older. By record linkage to the Icelandic Cancer Registry, all breast cancer diagnosed during follow-up was identified. Using Cox regression, hazard ratios (HRs) for breast cancer according to hormone use were estimated, adjusting for menstrual and reproductive risk factors. Also, interaction analyses were carried out.\n\nResults: Breast cancer risk was significantly increased among ever users of combined estrogen and progestin (EP-HRT) preparations (HR=2.61; 95% CI 2.00-3.41) and not among users of estrogen-only regimens (E-only HRT) (HR=1.13; 95% CI 0.85-1.49). Ever users of both OCs and HRT had higher breast cancer risk than users of only one of the two (HR=2.19; 95% CI 1.67-2.87). After restricting the analysis to EP-HRT and focusing on long-term and current use, there was an indication of a negative interaction with ever OC use (p=0.06); HR=2.87; 95% CI 1.79-4.60 for never OC users and HR=2.24; 95% CI 1.51-3.34 for former OC users.\n\nConclusion: After taking HRT regimen, duration and currency of use into account, the results of our population-based cohort study do not support the notion that former OC use increases breast cancer risk among HRT users, on the contrary there was an indication of a slightly lower risk in former OC users, restricted to current, long-term EP-HRT users.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"53","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta Oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden)"}}},"pageStart":"752","pageEnd":"758","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3109/0284186X.2013.878471","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58142637"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3109/0284186X.2013.878471"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24460068"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q58142637"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/in-vitro-effects-of-coital-lubricants-and-synthetic-and-natural-oils-on-sperm-mo-recv1bnh5gw85vtvo/","name":"In vitro effects of coital lubricants and synthetic and natural oils on sperm motility","headline":"In vitro effects of coital lubricants and synthetic and natural oils on sperm motility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/in-vitro-effects-of-coital-lubricants-and-synthetic-and-natural-oils-on-sperm-mo-recv1bnh5gw85vtvo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kazim R Chohan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"SUNY Upstate Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040kfrw16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Crystal A Kling","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"SUNY Upstate Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040kfrw16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ranjit S Sandhu","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"SUNY Upstate Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040kfrw16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Timothy H Wong","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"SUNY Upstate Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040kfrw16"}}],"datePublished":"2014-01-28","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of coital lubricants and oils on sperm motility.\n\nDESIGN: Comparative prospective in vitro study.\n\nSETTING: University Andrology laboratory.\n\nPATIENT(S): Twenty-two normozoospermic donors.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Semen samples were incubated in modified human tubal fluid (mHTF) control and in 10% Pre-Seed, Astroglide, and KY products (Sensitive, Warming, and Tingling) and baby, canola, sesame, and mustard oils. Total and progressive sperm motility was evaluated before and at 5, 30, and 60 minutes of incubation.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Sperm motility.\n\nRESULT(S): Control samples exhibited no significant decrease in sperm motility. Pre-Seed showed a slight (∼4%) but significant drop in progressive motility after 30 minutes. Total and progressive sperm motility significantly declined under Astroglide, KY products (Sensitive, Warming, and Tingling) and sesame oil incubation. Canola oil significantly decreased total motility after 30 minutes and progressive motility after 5 minutes of incubation. Similarly, baby oil decreased total motility after 60 minutes and progressive motility after 5 minutes. After initial decline, total and progressive sperm motility under Pre-Seed and canola and baby oils remained high. Exposure to mustard oil caused persistent hyperactivation of sperm in each sample with no decrease in motility.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Sesame oil and synthetic coital lubricants impaired sperm motility and may hamper fertility. Pre-Seed and canola, mustard, and baby oils showed no deleterious effect and may be considered sperm-friendly coital lubricants. Mustard oil exposure resulted in hyperactivation of sperm and needs to be studied further.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"101","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"941","pageEnd":"944","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.12.024","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50729465"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.12.024"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24462060"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50729465"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/timing-of-oral-contraceptive-use-and-the-risk-of-breast-cancer-in-brca1-mutation-rec8pulowwcxzqdyb/","name":"Timing of oral contraceptive use and the risk of breast cancer in BRCA1 mutation  carriers","headline":"Timing of oral contraceptive use and the risk of breast cancer in BRCA1 mutation  carriers","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/timing-of-oral-contraceptive-use-and-the-risk-of-breast-cancer-in-brca1-mutation-rec8pulowwcxzqdyb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kotsopoulos J, Lubinski J, Moller P, Lynch HT, Singer CF, Eng C, Neuhausen SL, Karlan B, Kim-Sing C, Huzarski T, Gronwald J, McCuaig J, Senter L, Tung N, Ghadirian P, Eisen A, Gilchrist D, Blum JL, Zakalik D, Pal T, Sun P, Narod SA"}],"datePublished":"2014-01-25","abstract":"It is not clear if early oral contraceptive use increases the risk of breast cancer among young women with a breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1) mutation. Given the benefit of oral contraceptives for the prevention of ovarian cancer, estimating age-specific risk ratios for oral contraceptive use and breast cancer is important. We conducted a case-control study of 2,492 matched pairs of women with a deleterious BRCA1 mutation. Breast cancer cases and unaffected controls were matched on year of birth and country of residence. Detailed information about oral contraceptive use was collected from a routinely administered questionnaire. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratios (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) for the association between oral contraceptive and breast cancer, by age at first use and by age at diagnosis. Among BRCA1 mutation carriers, oral contraceptive use was significantly associated with an increased risk of breast cancer for women who started the pill prior to age 20 (OR 1.45; 95 % CI 1.20-1.75; P = 0.0001) and possibly between ages 20 and 25 as well (OR 1.19; 95 % CI 0.99-1.42; P = 0.06). The effect was limited to breast cancers diagnosed before age 40 (OR 1.40; 95 % CI 1.14-1.70; P = 0.001); the risk of early-onset breast cancer increased by 11 % with each additional year of pill use when initiated prior to age 20 (OR 1.11; 95 % CI 1.03-1.20; P = 0.008). There was no observed increase for women diagnosed at or after the age of 40 (OR 0.97; 95 % CI 0.79-1.20; P = 0.81). Oral contraceptive use before age 25 increases the risk of early-onset breast cancer among women with a BRCA1 mutation and the risk increases with duration of use. Caution should be taken when advising women with a BRCA1 mutation to take an oral contraceptive prior to age 25.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"143","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Breast Cancer Research and Treatment"}}},"pageStart":"579","pageEnd":"586","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-013-2823-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44256039"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s10549-013-2823-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24458845"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44256039"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-genetics-of-infertility-current-status-of-the-field-recc5jes7pjejtb7b/","name":"The Genetics of Infertility: Current Status of the Field","headline":"The Genetics of Infertility: Current Status of the Field","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-genetics-of-infertility-current-status-of-the-field-recc5jes7pjejtb7b/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Michelle Zorrilla","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8777-8533","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Magee-Womens Research Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00rnw4e09"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexander N Yatsenko","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1690-0172","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Magee-Womens Research Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00rnw4e09"}}],"datePublished":"2014-01-15","abstract":"Infertility is a relatively common health condition, affecting nearly 7% of all couples. Clinically, it is a highly heterogeneous pathology with a complex etiology that includes environmental and genetic factors. It has been estimated that nearly 50% of infertility cases are due to genetic defects. Hundreds of studies with animal knockout models convincingly showed infertility to be caused by gene defects, single or multiple. However, despite enormous efforts, progress in translating basic research findings into clinical studies has been challenging. The genetic causes remain unexplained for the vast majority of male or female infertility patients. A particular difficulty is the huge number of candidate genes to be studied; there are more than 2,300 genes expressed in the testis alone, and hundreds of those genes influence reproductive function in humans and could contribute to male infertility. At present, there are only a handful of genes or genetic defects that have been shown to cause, or to be strongly associated with, primary infertility. Yet, with completion of the human genome and progress in personalized medicine, the situation is rapidly changing. Indeed, there are 10-15 new gene tests, on average, being added to the clinical genetic testing list annually.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Current Genetic Medicine Reports"}}},"pageStart":"247","pageEnd":"260","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s40142-013-0027-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37450892"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s40142-013-0027-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24416713"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37450892"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/15-the-menstrual-cycle-and-lipid-levels-recaqxg0zpd1idlhh/","name":"15. The menstrual cycle and lipid levels","headline":"15. The menstrual cycle and lipid levels","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/15-the-menstrual-cycle-and-lipid-levels-recaqxg0zpd1idlhh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ankita Prasad","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0634-2370","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}}],"datePublished":"2014-01-15","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Handbook of diet and nutrition in the menstrual cycle, periconception and fertility"},"pageStart":"239","pageEnd":"254","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-767-7_15","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3920/978-90-8686-767-7_15"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pilot-test-and-validation-of-the-peak-day-method-of-prospective-determination-of-recgshudvunjeilyr/","name":"Pilot test and validation of the peak day method of prospective determination of ovulation against a handheld urine hormone monitor","headline":"Pilot test and validation of the peak day method of prospective determination of ovulation against a handheld urine hormone monitor","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pilot-test-and-validation-of-the-peak-day-method-of-prospective-determination-of-recgshudvunjeilyr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Christina A Porucznik","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1973-2917","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kyley J Cox","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2014-01-10","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Transient exposures may influence fertility and early embryonic development. To assess the time of conception in vivo and conduct concurrent biomonitoring, ovulation must be identified prospectively. We report on the development and validation of a simple, prospective method, the Peak Day method, to determine likely day of ovulation based upon daily observations of cervical fluid.\n\nMETHODS: We recruited 98 women to learn the Peak Day method from a brochure, 26 of whom concurrently used the method with blinded daily urine hormone monitoring (estrone glucuronide and luteinizing hormone). All women were instructed to complete an exposure questionnaire immediately upon identifying ovulation. Briefly, the exposure questionnaire captured time-varying and transient exposures such as medication use, water consumption, and amount of sleep. We assessed timely completion of the exposure questionnaire, agreement of women's estimated day of ovulation (EDO) and the EDO by expert review, and agreement between the EDO by expert review and by blinded urine monitoring.\n\nRESULTS: Of 147 cycles evaluated, women selected an EDO in 130 (88%) and subsequently completed the periovulatory exposure questionnaire in 122 (94%) cycles. Of the 26 cycles evaluated with blinded hormonal monitoring, the Peak Day \"best quality\" algorithm, based upon cervical fluid, identified ovulation ± 3 days of the urine monitor in 24 cycles (92%).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: With simple written instructions, women can identify an estimated day of ovulation and perform periovulatory exposure assessment. The Peak Day method is highly cost-effective and could be applied by researchers to target periconceptional or very early developmental stage exposure assessment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMC Women's Health"}}},"pageStart":"4","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6874-14-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28394375"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/1472-6874-14-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24400707"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28394375"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/stem-cell-and-endometriosis-new-knowledge-may-be-producing-novel-therapies-2seuqvzg/","name":"Stem cell and endometriosis: new knowledge may be producing novel therapies","headline":"Stem cell and endometriosis: new knowledge may be producing novel therapies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/stem-cell-and-endometriosis-new-knowledge-may-be-producing-novel-therapies-2seuqvzg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jiali Yang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3785-2472","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00p991c53"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Huang F"}],"datePublished":"2014-01-01","abstract":"The human endometrium is a dynamic tissue, which undergoes cycles of growth and regression with each menstrual cycle. Adult progenitor stem cells are likely responsible for this remarkable regenerative capacity; these same progenitor stem cells may also have an enhanced capacity to generate endometriosis if shed in a retrograde fashion. The progenitor stem cells reside in the uterus, and, however, may also travel from other tissues such as bone marrow to repopulate the progenitor population. Mesenchymal stem cells are also involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis and may be the principle source of endometriosis outside of the peritoneal cavity when they differentiate into endometriosis in ectopic locations. The present short review mainly summarizes the latest observations contributing to the current knowledge regarding the presence and the potential contribution of stem cells in the etiology of endometriosis. All these data can have clinical implications and provide a basis for new potential therapeutic applications.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International journal of clinical and experimental medicine"}}},"pageStart":"3853","pageEnd":"8","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34769746","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25550893"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34769746"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/412-the-effect-of-very-short-interpregnancy-interval-on-pregnancy-outcomes-after-recaxmvj5apthfawk/","name":"412: The effect of very short interpregnancy interval on pregnancy outcomes after previous pregnancy loss","headline":"412: The effect of very short interpregnancy interval on pregnancy outcomes after previous pregnancy loss","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/412-the-effect-of-very-short-interpregnancy-interval-on-pregnancy-outcomes-after-recaxmvj5apthfawk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Janet Townsend"},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Faraggi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2131-620X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Haifa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02f009v59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Noya Galai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8280-9492","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Haifa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02f009v59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anne M Lynch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6508-8136","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Colorado Denver","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02hh7en24"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neil J Perkins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6802-4733","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert M Silver","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5794-3152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Intermountain Healthcare","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mvr1r74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Wactawski-Wende","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3096-9595","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Luchin Wong","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6954-0238","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Intermountain Healthcare","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mvr1r74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aijun Ye","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1701-7111","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}}],"datePublished":"2014-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"210","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"S208-S209","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2013.10.445","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ajog.2013.10.445"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/beyond-labor-the-role-of-natural-and-synthetic-oxytocin-in-the-transition-to-mot-eh69oqil/","name":"Beyond labor: the role of natural and synthetic oxytocin in the transition to motherhood","headline":"Beyond labor: the role of natural and synthetic oxytocin in the transition to motherhood","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/beyond-labor-the-role-of-natural-and-synthetic-oxytocin-in-the-transition-to-mot-eh69oqil/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bell AF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Erickson EN"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carter CS"}],"datePublished":"2014-01-01","abstract":"Emerging research raises questions that synthetic oxytocin during childbirth may alter the endogenous oxytocin system and influence maternal stress, mood, and behavior. Endogenous oxytocin is a key component in the transition to motherhood, affecting molecular pathways that buffer stress reactivity, support positive mood, and regulate healthy mothering behaviors (including lactation). Synthetic oxytocin is widely used throughout labor and postpartum care in modern birth. Yet research on the implications beyond labor of maternal exposure to perinatal synthetic oxytocin is rare. In this article, we review oxytocin-related biologic pathways and behaviors associated with the transition to motherhood and evidence supporting the need for further research on potential effects of intrapartum oxytocin beyond labor. We include a primer on oxytocin at the molecular level.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"59","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of midwifery & women's health"}}},"pageStart":"35-42: quiz 108","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/jmwh.12101","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26849408"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/jmwh.12101"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24472136"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q26849408"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevalence-of-symptoms-consistent-with-a-diagnosis-of-vulvodynia-populationbased-gdyejqng/","name":"Prevalence of symptoms consistent with a diagnosis of vulvodynia: population-based estimates from 2 geographic regions","headline":"Prevalence of symptoms consistent with a diagnosis of vulvodynia: population-based estimates from 2 geographic regions","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevalence-of-symptoms-consistent-with-a-diagnosis-of-vulvodynia-populationbased-gdyejqng/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"B L Harlow","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6735-8862","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kunitz CG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ruby HN Nguyen"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rydell SA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Turner RM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"MacLehose RF"}],"datePublished":"2014-01-01","abstract":"Objective: We used validated sensitive and specific questions associated with clinically confirmed diagnoses of unexplained vulvar pain (vulvodynia) to compare the cumulative incidence of vulvar pain and prevalence of care-seeking behavior in Boston metropolitan area (BMA) and in Minneapolis/Saint Paul metropolitan area (MSP) from 2001 through 2005 using census-based data, and 2010 through 2012, using outpatient community-clinic data, respectively.\n\nStudy design: We received self-administered questionnaires from 5440 women in BMA and 13,681 in MSP, 18-40 years of age, describing their history of vulvar burning or pain on contact that persisted >3 months that limited/prevented intercourse.\n\nResults: By age 40 years, 7-8% in BMA and MSP reported vulvar pain consistent with vulvodynia. Women of Hispanic origin compared to whites were 1.4 times more likely to develop vulvar pain symptoms (95% confidence interval, 1.1-1.8). Many women in MSP (48%) and BMA (30%) never sought treatment, and >50% who sought care with known health care access received no diagnosis.\n\nConclusion: Using identical screening methods, we report high prevalence of vulvar pain in 2 geographic regions, and that access to health care does not increase the likelihood of seeking care for chronic vulvar pain.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"210","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"40.e1-40.e8","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2013.09.033","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ajog.2013.09.033"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/perinatal-outcome-in-singleton-pregnancies-following-in-vitro-fertilization-gzpxpfcm/","name":"Perinatal outcome in singleton pregnancies following in vitro fertilization","headline":"Perinatal outcome in singleton pregnancies following in vitro fertilization","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/perinatal-outcome-in-singleton-pregnancies-following-in-vitro-fertilization-gzpxpfcm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C Bergh","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sahlgrenska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vgqjj36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anja Pinborg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8340-104X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hvidovre Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00edrn755"}}],"datePublished":"2014-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-combined-oral-contraception-on-testosterone-levels-in-healthy-wome-hhq4ofl1/","name":"The effect of combined oral contraception on testosterone levels in healthy women: a systematic review and meta-analysis","headline":"The effect of combined oral contraception on testosterone levels in healthy women: a systematic review and meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-combined-oral-contraception-on-testosterone-levels-in-healthy-wome-hhq4ofl1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Zimmerman Y"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marinus J C Eijkemans","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9400-0615","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, CX Utrecht, Netherlands"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Coelingh Bennink HJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Blankenstein MA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"B C Fauser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3865-4371","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Erasmus MC","sameAs":"https://ror.org/018906e22"}}],"datePublished":"2014-01-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND; Combined oral contraceptives (COCs) reduce levels of androgen, especially testosterone (T), by inhibiting ovarian and adrenal androgen synthesis and by increasing levels of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG). Although this suppressive effect has been investigated by numerous studies over many years, to our knowledge no systematic review concerning this issue had been performed. This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of COCs on concentrations of total T, free T and SHBG in healthy women and to evaluate differences between the various types of COCs (e.g. estrogen dose, type of progestin) and the assays used to assess total T and free T.\n\nMETHODS: A review of the literature was performed using database searches (MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Register of Clinical Trials) and all publications (from inception date until July 2012) investigating the effect of COCs on androgen levels in healthy women were considered eligible for selection. Three reviewers were involved in study selection, data extraction and critical appraisal. For the meta-analysis, data on total T, free T and SHBG were extracted and combined using random effects analysis. Additional subgroup analyses were performed to evaluate differences between the various types of COCs (e.g. estrogen dose, type of progestin) and the assays used to assess total T or free T.\n\nRESULTS: A total of 151 records were identified by systematic review and 42 studies with a total of 1495 healthy young women (age range: 18-40 years) were included in the meta-analysis. All included studies were experimental studies and 21 were non-comparative. Pooling of the results derived from all the included papers showed that total T levels significantly decreased during COC use [mean difference (MD) (95% confidence interval, CI) -0.49 nmol/l (-0.55, -0.42); P < 0.001]. Significantly lower levels of free T were also found [relative change (95% CI) 0.39 (0.35, 0.43); P < 0.001], with a mean decrease of 61%. On the contrary, SHBG concentrations significantly increased during all types of COC use [MD (95% CI) 99.08 nmol/l (86.43, 111.73); P < 0.001]. Subgroup analyses revealed that COCs containing 20-25 µg EE had similar effects on total and free T compared with COCs with 30-35 µg EE. In addition, suppressive effects on T levels were not different when comparing different types of progestins. However, subgroup analyses for the estrogen dose and the progestin type in relation to changes in SHBG levels did show significant differences: COCs containing second generation progestins and/or the lower estrogen doses (20-25 µg EE) were found to have less impact on SHBG concentrations.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: The current literature review and meta-analysis demonstrates that COCs decrease circulating levels of total T and free T and increase SBHG concentrations. Due to the SHBG increase, free T levels decrease twice as much as total T. The estrogen dose and progestin type of the COC do not influence the decline of total and free T, but both affect SHBG. The clinical implications of suppressed androgen levels during COC use remain to be elucidated.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"20","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction update"}}},"pageStart":"76","pageEnd":"105","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmt038","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28392020"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humupd/dmt038"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24082040"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28392020"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/congenital-malformations-among-babies-born-following-letrozole-or-clomiphene-for-rkf2jkty/","name":"Congenital malformations among babies born following letrozole or clomiphene for infertility treatment","headline":"Congenital malformations among babies born following letrozole or clomiphene for infertility treatment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/congenital-malformations-among-babies-born-following-letrozole-or-clomiphene-for-rkf2jkty/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunita Sharma","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7946-7161","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute of Reproductive Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03jgxy838"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Soumyadeep Ghosh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3502-5913","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susheela Singh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6738-5089","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guttmacher Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01yrmk064"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chakravarty A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ganesh A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rajani S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"BN Chakravarty","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute of Reproductive Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03jgxy838"}}],"datePublished":"2014-01-01","abstract":"CONTEXT: Clomiphene citrate (CC) is the first line drug for ovulation induction but because of its peripheral antiestrogenic effect, letrozole was introduced as the 2nd line drug. It lacks the peripheral antiestrogenic effect and is associated with similar or even higher pregnancy rates. Since letrozole is a drug for breast cancer, its use for the purpose of ovulation induction became controversial in the light of studies indicating an increased incidence of congenital malformations.\n\nAIMS: To evaluate and compare the incidence of congenital malformations among offsprings of infertile couples who conceived naturally or with clomiphene citrate or letrozole treatment.\n\nSETTINGS AND DESIGN: A retrospective cohort study done at a tertiary infertility centre.\n\nMETHODS AND MATERIAL: A total of 623 children born to infertile women who conceived naturally or following clomiphene citrate or letrozole treatment were included in this study. Subjects were sorted out from medical files of both mother and newborn and follow up study was done based on the information provided by parents through telephonic conversations. Babies with suspected anomaly were called and examined by specialists for the presence of major and minor congenital malformations. Other outcomes like multiple pregnancy rate and birth weight were also studied.\n\nRESULTS: Overall, congenital malformations, chromosomal abnormalities were found in 5 out of 171 (2.9%) babies in natural conception group and 5 out of 201 babies in the letrozole group (2.5%) and in 10 of 251 babies in the CC group (3.9%).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: There was no significant difference in the overall rate of congenital malformations among children born to mothers who conceived naturally or after letrozole or CC treatment.\n\nKEY MESSAGES: Congenital malformations have been found to be comparable following natural conception, letrozole and clomiphene citrate. Thus, the undue fear against letrozole may be uncalled for.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"PloS one"}}},"pageStart":"e108219","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0108219","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28543457"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1371/journal.pone.0108219"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25272289"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28543457"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/exposure-to-endocrine-disrupting-chemicals-and-male-reproductive-health-uwjdt1ti/","name":"Exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals and male reproductive health","headline":"Exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals and male reproductive health","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/exposure-to-endocrine-disrupting-chemicals-and-male-reproductive-health-uwjdt1ti/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jeng HA"}],"datePublished":"2014-01-01","abstract":"Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can interfere with normal hormonal balance and may exert adverse consequences on humans. The male reproductive system may be susceptible to the effects of such environmental toxicants. This review discusses the recent progress in scientific data mainly from epidemiology studies on the associations between EDCs and male reproductive health and our understanding of possible mechanisms associated with the effects of EDCs on male reproductive health. Finally, the review provides recommendations on future research to enhance our understanding of EDCs and male reproductive health. The review highlights the need for (1) well-defined longitudinal epidemiology studies, with appropriately designed exposure assessment to determine potential causal relationships; (2) chemical and biochemical approaches aimed at a better understanding of the mechanism of action of xenoestrogens with regard to low-dose effects, and assessment of identify genetic susceptibility factors associated with the risk of adverse effects following exposure to EDCs.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Frontiers in public health"}},"pageStart":"55","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2014.00055","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33714303"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3389/fpubh.2014.00055"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24926476"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33714303"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-a-mouse-in-vitro-fertilization-model-to-understand-the-developmental-orig-vu85nmnc/","name":"Use of a mouse in vitro fertilization model to understand the developmental origins of health and disease hypothesis","headline":"Use of a mouse in vitro fertilization model to understand the developmental origins of health and disease hypothesis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-a-mouse-in-vitro-fertilization-model-to-understand-the-developmental-orig-vu85nmnc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Feuer SK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiyao Liu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2556-6556","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/033vnzz93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Donjacour A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lin W"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Simbulan RK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Giritharan G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Piane LD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kolahi K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ameri K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emin Maltepe","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1271-7565","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paolo F. Rinaudo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA."}}],"datePublished":"2014-01-01","abstract":"1. Endocrinology. 2014 May;155(5):1956-69. doi: 10.1210/en.2013-2081. Epub 2014\nMar 31.\n\nUse of a mouse in vitro fertilization model to understand the developmental\norigins of health and disease hypothesis.\n\nFeuer SK(1), Liu X, Donjacour A, Lin W, Simbulan RK, Giritharan G, Piane LD,\nKolahi K, Ameri K, Maltepe E, Rinaudo PF.\n\nAuthor information:\n(1)Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences (S.K.F., X.L.,\nA.D., W.L., R.K.S., G.G., L.D.P., K.K., P.F.R.), and Department of Pediatrics\n(K.A., E.M.), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California\n94143; Nevada Center for Reproductive Medicine (G.G.), Reno, Nevada 89511;\nObstetric and Gynecology Department (L.D.P.), University of Turin, Turin, Italy;\nand Oregon Health & Science University (K.K.), Portland, Oregon 97239.\n\nThe Developmental Origins of Health and Disease hypothesis holds that\nalterations to homeostasis during critical periods of development can predispose\nindividuals to adult-onset chronic diseases such as diabetes and metabolic\nsyndrome. It remains controversial whether preimplantation embryo manipulation,\nclinically used to treat patients with infertility, disturbs homeostasis and\naffects long-term growth and metabolism. To address this controversy, we have\nassessed the effects of in vitro fertilization (IVF) on postnatal physiology in\nmice. We demonstrate that IVF and embryo culture, even under conditions\nconsidered optimal for mouse embryo culture, alter postnatal growth trajectory,\nfat accumulation, and glucose metabolism in adult mice. Unbiased metabolic\nprofiling in serum and microarray analysis of pancreatic islets and insulin\nsensitive tissues (liver, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue) revealed broad\nchanges in metabolic homeostasis, characterized by systemic oxidative stress and\nmitochondrial dysfunction. Adopting a candidate approach, we identify\nthioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), a key molecule involved in integrating\ncellular nutritional and oxidative states with metabolic response, as a marker\nfor preimplantation stress and demonstrate tissue-specific epigenetic and\ntranscriptional TXNIP misregulation in selected adult tissues. Importantly,\ndysregulation of TXNIP expression is associated with enrichment for H4\nacetylation at the Txnip promoter that persists from the blastocyst stage\nthrough adulthood in adipose tissue. Our data support the vulnerability of\npreimplantation embryos to environmental disturbance and demonstrate that\nconception by IVF can reprogram metabolic homeostasis through metabolic,\ntranscriptional, and epigenetic mechanisms with lasting effects for adult growth\nand fitness. This study has wide clinical relevance and underscores the\nimportance of continued follow-up of IVF-conceived offspring.\n\nDOI: 10.1210/en.2013-2081\nPMCID: PMC3990843\nPMID: 24684304 [Indexed for MEDLINE]","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Endocrinology"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2013-2081","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/en.2013-2081"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24684304"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adverse-incidents-in-fertility-clinics-lessons-to-learn-2013-recioneqyerdmchlh/","name":"Adverse Incidents in Fertility Clinics: Lessons to Learn 2013","headline":"Adverse Incidents in Fertility Clinics: Lessons to Learn 2013","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adverse-incidents-in-fertility-clinics-lessons-to-learn-2013-recioneqyerdmchlh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority"}],"datePublished":"2014-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/subcutaneous-terbutaline-pump-recfkt6whhaq5h4u9/","name":"Subcutaneous terbutaline pump","headline":"Subcutaneous terbutaline pump","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/subcutaneous-terbutaline-pump-recfkt6whhaq5h4u9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kalpana Singh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7031-0798","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hamad Medical Corporation","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02zwb6n98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mohammed T. Ansari","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4609-6891","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Clinical Epidemiology Program, the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, P.O. Box 201B, TOH-General Campus, 501 Smyth Rd, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8L6"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laura Gaudet","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7527-5354","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Horizon Health Network","sameAs":"https://ror.org/057csh885"}}],"datePublished":"2014-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2014","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"795329","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38787933","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9583076"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38787933"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2013-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2013-ekw3rl0h/","name":"DIR Jahrbuch 2013 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2013)","headline":"DIR Jahrbuch 2013 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2013)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2013-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2013-ekw3rl0h/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register e.V."}],"datePublished":"2014-01-01","abstract":"Annual report (Jahrbuch) of the Deutsches IVF-Register (DIR) for treatment year 2013. DIR is the German national IVF/ICSI registry, founded 1982 — the oldest continuously operating ART registry. Voluntary professional-society database with high de-facto coverage of German fertility centres. Reports cycles, transfers, pregnancies and clinical outcomes by treatment type (IVF, ICSI, frozen embryo transfer, donor). German-language registry document. Used as a Phase B historical-archive source for the ART Registry Comparison study (cross-registry classification by reporting completeness on 7 framework dimensions).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register Jahrbuch"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cartr-plus-2014-annual-report-2013-data-canadian-assisted-reproductive-technolog-knpvqawe/","name":"CARTR Plus 2014 Annual Report (2013 Data) - Canadian Assisted Reproductive Technologies Register Plus","headline":"CARTR Plus 2014 Annual Report (2013 Data) - Canadian Assisted Reproductive Technologies Register Plus","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cartr-plus-2014-annual-report-2013-data-canadian-assisted-reproductive-technolog-knpvqawe/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Canadian Fertility and Andrology Society; BORN Ontario"}],"datePublished":"2014-01-01","abstract":"CARTR Plus annual report covering Canadian ART cycle outcomes; presented at CFAS Annual Meeting October 2015 with 2013 birth outcomes and 2011-2014 cycle data. The Canadian Assisted Reproductive Technologies Register Plus (CARTR Plus) is a voluntary professional society database operated by CFAS in collaboration with BORN Ontario.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"CFAS / BORN Ontario"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/incarcerated-omentum-with-tamponade-effect-in-the-uterine-perforation-scar-after-recbybuasvf7ezkzd/","name":"Incarcerated Omentum With Tamponade Effect in the Uterine Perforation Scar After Dilation and Curettage: A Case Report","headline":"Incarcerated Omentum With Tamponade Effect in the Uterine Perforation Scar After Dilation and Curettage: A Case Report","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/incarcerated-omentum-with-tamponade-effect-in-the-uterine-perforation-scar-after-recbybuasvf7ezkzd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"K W Kim","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027j9rp38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kim"}],"datePublished":"2014-01-01","abstract":"Perforation of the uterus is the most common immediate complication at the time of dilatation and curettage (D&C). We experienced the case of a patient with intra-abdominal extrusion of fetal part and incarcerated omentum in the perforation site of uterine fundus after D&C. It resulted in massive bleeding after the reduction of the incarcerated omentum which had a tamponade effect. A 26-year-old gravida 2, para 1 woman was referred to our hospital because of uterine perforation during D&C. A laparoscopic exploration was performed. Bleeding started massively at the perforation scar after reduction of the incarcerated omentum which had a tamponade effect. Though bleeding from perforation site stopped after laparoscopic myometrial repair, vaginal bleeding persisted further. The placing of an intrauterine balloon tamponade stopped the vaginal bleeding. The patient recovered successfully and was discharged on the fifth postoperative day. J Med Cases. 2014;5(4):204-207 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.14740/jmc1713w","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of medical cases"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.14740/jmc1713w","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.14740/jmc1713w"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chronic-pelvic-pain-an-integrated-approach---apgo-educational-series-on-womens-h-recnbhljkdedamcmu/","name":"Chronic Pelvic Pain: An Integrated Approach - APGO Educational Series on Women's Health Issues","headline":"Chronic Pelvic Pain: An Integrated Approach - APGO Educational Series on Women's Health Issues","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chronic-pelvic-pain-an-integrated-approach---apgo-educational-series-on-womens-h-recnbhljkdedamcmu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Association of Professors in Gynecology and Obstetrics"}],"datePublished":"2014-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstrual-phase-as-predictor-of-outcome-after-mild-traumatic-brain-injury-in-wom-kzk2kajf/","name":"Menstrual phase as predictor of outcome after mild traumatic brain injury in women","headline":"Menstrual phase as predictor of outcome after mild traumatic brain injury in women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstrual-phase-as-predictor-of-outcome-after-mild-traumatic-brain-injury-in-wom-kzk2kajf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Wunderle K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hoeger KM","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9285-3606"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wasserman E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bazarian JJ"}],"datePublished":"2014-01-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine whether menstrual cycle phase in women at the time of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) predicts 1-month outcomes.\n\nSETTING: Six emergency departments; 5 in Upstate New York, and 1 in Pennsylvania.\n\nPARTICIPANTS: One hundred forty-four female participants (age, 16-60) who presented to participating emergency departments within 4 hours of mTBI.\n\nDESIGN: Nested cohort study with neurologic and quality-of-life outcome assessment, 1 month after enrollment. Female subjects aged 16 to 60 enrolled in the parent cohort study, with 1-month neurological determination data available, were classified into menstrual cycle groups by serum progesterone concentration and self-reported contraceptive use.\n\nMAIN MEASURES: Rivermead Post Concussion Questionnaire and EuroQoL/EQ5D.\n\nRESULTS: Women injured during the luteal phase of their menstrual cycle, when progesterone concentration is high, had significantly lower EuroQoL General Health Ratings and Index Scores than women injured during the follicular phase of their cycle or women taking oral contraceptives. Multivariate analysis confirmed a significant independent effect of menstrual cycle phase on EuroQoL Index Score and the Rivermead Post Concussion Questionnaire Somatic Subscore.\n\nCONCLUSION: Menstrual cycle phase and progesterone concentration at the time of mTBI affect 1-month quality-of-life and neurologic outcomes. This association has important implications for treatment and prognosis after mTBI.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"29","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of head trauma rehabilitation"}}},"pageStart":"E1-8","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/HTR.0000000000000006","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37587200"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/HTR.0000000000000006"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24220566"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37587200"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-impact-of-consumer-affordability-on-access-to-assisted-reproductive-technolo-p4vbfxve/","name":"The impact of consumer affordability on access to assisted reproductive technologies and embryo transfer practices: an international analysis","headline":"The impact of consumer affordability on access to assisted reproductive technologies and embryo transfer practices: an international analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-impact-of-consumer-affordability-on-access-to-assisted-reproductive-technolo-p4vbfxve/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Chambers GM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hoang VP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sullivan EA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chapman MG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ishihara O"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fernando Zegers-Hochschild","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6234-6179","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Clínica Las Condes","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j5bwe91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nygren KG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G David Adamson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5387-7629","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Endometriosis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01q5m4507"}}],"datePublished":"2014-01-01","abstract":"Comment in Fertil Steril. 2014 Jan;101(1):47-8. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.09.043.\n OBJECTIVE: To systematically quantify the impact of consumer cost on assisted reproduction technology (ART) utilization and numbers of embryos transferred. DESIGN: Ordinary least squared (OLS) regression models were constructed to measure the independent impact of ART affordability-measured as consumer cost relative to average disposable income-on ART utilization and embryo transfer practices. SETTING: Not applicable. PATIENT(S): Women undergoing ART treatment. INTERVENTION(S): None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): OLS regression coefficient for ART affordability, which estimates the independent effect of consumer cost relative to income on utilization and number of embryos transferred. RESULT(S): ART affordability was independently and positively associated with ART utilization with a mean OLS coefficient of 0.032. This indicates that, on average, a decrease in the cost of a cycle of 1 percentage point of disposable income predicts a 3.2% increase in utilization. ART affordability was independently and negatively associated with the number of embryos transferred, indicating that a decrease in the cost of a cycle of 10 percentage points of disposable income predicts a 5.1% increase in single-embryo transfer cycles. CONCLUSION(S): The relative cost that consumers pay for ART treatment predicts the level of access and number of embryos transferred. Policies that affect ART funding should be informed by these findings to ensure equitable access to treatment and clinically responsible embryo transfer practices.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertil Steril"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.09.005","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44054959"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.09.005"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24156958"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44054959"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-meta-analysis-of-the-association-of-fracture-risk-and-body-mass-index-in-women-recalaydaxowqmnun/","name":"A meta-analysis of the association of fracture risk and body mass index in women","headline":"A meta-analysis of the association of fracture risk and body mass index in women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-meta-analysis-of-the-association-of-fracture-risk-and-body-mass-index-in-women-recalaydaxowqmnun/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Helena Johansson, John A Kanis, Anders Od\\uen, Eugene McCloskey, Roland D Chapurlat, Claus Christiansen, Steve R Cummings, Adolfo Diez-Perez, John A Eisman, Saeko Fujiwara, Claus-C Gl\\ufcer, David Goltzman, Didier Hans, Kay-Tee Khaw, Marc-Antoine Krieg, Heikki Kr\\ufger, Andrea Z LaCroix, Edith Lau, William D Leslie, Dan Mellstr\\ufm, L Joseph Melton, Terence W O'Neill, Julie A Pasco, Jerilynn C Prior, David M Reid, Fernando Rivadeneira, Tjerd van Staa, Noriko Yoshimura, M Carola Zillikens"}],"datePublished":"2014-01-01","abstract":"Several recent studies suggest that obesity may be a risk factor for fracture. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) and future fracture risk at different skeletal sites. In prospective cohorts from more than 25 countries, baseline data on BMI were available in 398,610 women with an average age of 63 (range, 20-105) years and follow up of 2.2 million person-years during which 30,280 osteoporotic fractures (6457 hip fractures) occurred. Femoral neck BMD was measured in 108,267 of these women. Obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m(2) ) was present in 22%. A majority of osteoporotic fractures (81%) and hip fractures (87%) arose in non-obese women. Compared to a BMI of 25 kg/m(2) , the hazard ratio (HR) for osteoporotic fracture at a BMI of 35 kg/m(2) was 0.87 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.85-0.90). When adjusted for bone mineral density (BMD), however, the same comparison showed that the HR for osteoporotic fracture was increased (HR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.09-1.23). Low BMI is a risk factor for hip and all osteoporotic fracture, but is a protective factor for lower leg fracture, whereas high BMI is a risk factor for upper arm (humerus and elbow) fracture. When adjusted for BMD, low BMI remained a risk factor for hip fracture but was protective for osteoporotic fracture, tibia and fibula fracture, distal forearm fracture, and upper arm fracture. When adjusted for BMD, high BMI remained a risk factor for upper arm fracture but was also a risk factor for all osteoporotic fractures. The association between BMI and fracture risk is complex, differs across skeletal sites, and is modified by the interaction between BMI and BMD. At a population level, high BMI remains a protective factor for most sites of fragility fracture. The contribution of increasing population rates of obesity to apparent decreases in fracture rates should be explored.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"29","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"J Bone Miner Res"}}},"pageStart":"223","pageEnd":"233","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.2017","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39400860"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/jbmr.2017"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23775829"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39400860"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hfea-fertility-trends-and-figures-2012-recdxtcteaj6wapj3/","name":"HFEA Fertility Trends and Figures 2012","headline":"HFEA Fertility Trends and Figures 2012","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hfea-fertility-trends-and-figures-2012-recdxtcteaj6wapj3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority"}],"datePublished":"2014-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/binge-eating-and-menstrual-dysfunction-zs2mo5wz/","name":"Binge eating and menstrual dysfunction","headline":"Binge eating and menstrual dysfunction","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/binge-eating-and-menstrual-dysfunction-zs2mo5wz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Algars M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Li Huang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5388-0273","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangdong Province Women and Children Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0493m8x04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Von Holle AF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peat CM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thornton LM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lichtenstein P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bulik CM"}],"datePublished":"2014-01-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: The relation between eating disorders and menstrual function has been widely studied, but it is unknown whether the behavior of binge eating itself is related to menstrual dysfunction.\n\nMETHODS: The 11,503 women included in this study were from the Swedish Twin study of Adults: Genes and Environment. The associations between menstrual dysfunction and binge eating were analyzed using logistic regression or multiple linear regression models with generalized estimation equations.\n\nRESULTS: Women who reported lifetime binge eating were more likely to report either amenorrhea or oligomenorrhea than women who reported no binge eating. These results persisted when controlling for compensatory behaviors including self-induced vomiting, laxative use, and diuretic use. No differences between women with and without a history of binge eating were observed for age at menarche.\n\nCONCLUSION: Even when controlling for the effect of compensatory behaviors, the behavior of binge eating is associated with menstrual dysfunction. Metabolic and endocrinological factors could underlie this association. Careful evaluation of menstrual status is warranted for women with all eating disorders, not just anorexia nervosa.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"76","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of psychosomatic research"}}},"pageStart":"19","pageEnd":"22","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2013.11.011","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37540163"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jpsychores.2013.11.011"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24360136"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37540163"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-in-europe-2010-results-generated-from-european--xehylljm/","name":"Assisted reproductive technology in Europe, 2010: results generated from European registers by ESHRE†","headline":"Assisted reproductive technology in Europe, 2010: results generated from European registers by ESHRE†","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-in-europe-2010-results-generated-from-european--xehylljm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kupka MS","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6559-0580"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ferraretti AP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacques de Mouzon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9465-3488","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Erb K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas D’Hooghe","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nuffield Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01w2zd907"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Castilla JA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carlos Calhaz-Jorge","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2941-113X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nuffield Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01w2zd907"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christian De Geyter","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0889-6310","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Basel","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02s6k3f65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Veerle Goossens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9342-2143","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/028sbah75"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"European IVF-monitoring (EIM) Consortium"},{"@type":"Person","name":"for the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology"}],"datePublished":"2014 Oct 10","abstract":"Jul 27. Assisted reproductive technology in Europe, 2010: results generated from European registers by ESHRE†. Kupka MS(1), Ferraretti AP(2), de Mouzon J(2), Erb K(2), D'Hooghe T(2), Castilla JA(2), Calhaz-Jorge C(2), De Geyter C(2), Goossens V(2); European IVF-Monitoring Consortium, for the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. Collaborators: Grunwald KM, Neulen J, Rösing B, Weisenborn U, Rau R, Schro B, Eid R, Hiller K-, Bauer T, Kraus H, Bayreuth K, Todorow S, Struller D, Etien C, Temme DH, Kentenich H, Siemann A, Stief G, Tandler-Schneider A, Remberg B, Tewordt S, Bloechle M, Marr S, Awwadeh H, Mutz A, Roth B, Kadgien C, Hannen R, Stoll CF, Jantke A, Spindeldreher S, Stegelmann A, Nowshari M, Sydow P, Peet DJ, Sydow C, Bergmann-Hensel U, Pfüller B, Bartley J, Scheiber I, Schmiady H, Ebert PA, Völklein K, Harms B, Baban N, Hilland U, Giesner Y, van der Ven H, van der Ven K, Bohlen U, Montag M, Prietl G, Drost O, Schmidt EH, Stutterheim Av, Finger T, Meyer-Ströh S, Jogschies P, Geistert D, Shugair L, Lahl A, Chemnitz S, Gabert A, Bauer K, Saager G, Leyendecker G, Bilgicyildirim A, Inacker M, Kroiss HJ, Bernhardt E, Braüker A, Vornehm H, Wilhelm E, Dieterle S, Neuer A, Greb R, Held HJ, Distler W, Keck G, Gouma E, Kru JS, Hess A, Mikat-Drozdzynski B, Schanz A, Hirchenhain J, Scholtes M, Marx K, Kisler S, Behler M, Pfeiffer S, Hubert P, Emde T, Yildirim-Assaf S, Frauena, Hamori M, Behrens R, Hammel A, Van Uem J, Beckmann MW, Müller A, Dittrich R, Katzorke T, Propping D, Wohlers S, Bielfeld P, Costea J, Wiegratz I, Merz E, Siebzehnru E, Weidner A, Weitzell, Thiemann, Wetzka, Geisthövel F, Friebel S, Hanjalic-Beck A, Zahradnik HP, Ina Walter-Göbel, Fiseler K, Hinney B, Michelmann HW, Moltrecht R, Hübner S, Welcker T, Sakin-Kaindl F, Mittmann S, Schulzeck P, Tobler M, Rostek J, Tigges J, Friol K, Gnoth C, Behre HM, Kaltwaser P, Seliger E, Horn, Michel u Partner, Bispink, Horn, Michel, Gohmann, Aytekin, Acar-Nosit, Kocak S, List P, Weidner U, Fischer R, Martina, Müseler-Albers, Arendt HP, Bühler K, Schill T, Schippert, Basler, Parta-Kehry W, Parta S, Tesarz F, Seehaus D, Tho C, Strowitzki T, Toth B, Algermissen, Justus, Wilke, Graf, Hildesheim, Fritzsche H, Reiher JP, Hoffmann A, Weiss J, Hoppe I, Wetzel V, Tetens F, Schlüter G, Willi MJ, Schmidt O, Hinrichsen M, Felberbaum R, Gerhard OA, Hiltensberger D, Kousehlar M, von Otte S, Schulz V, Völckers M, Eckel H, Schmutzler A, Salmassi A, Brandenburg K, Bonhoff A, Carstensen A, Merzenich M, Palm S, Pu I, Dannhof M, Keck C, Foth D, Ko U, Rahimi G, Moers C, Orth I, Leer K, von der Burg W, Alexander H, Weber W, Hmeidan FA, Jogschies P, Shugair L, Geistert D, Lahl A, Gabert A, Bauer K, Saager G, Griesinger G, Schultze-Mosgau A, Diedrich K, Schmidt T, Schmidt C, Motzkus N, Nickel I, Richter E, Kleinstein J, Brössner A, Sütterlin M, Schaffelder R, St Bussen, Schüttler J, Gentili, Sc RS, Passuello V, Kölbl H, Emig R, Mettlin S, Hadji P, Wagner U, Ziller V, Buurman O, Dumschat M, Menkhaus R, Heidecker B, Döhmen G, Schalk T, Bogenhausen AR, Berg D, Lesoine B, Kupka MS, Papadopoulos P, Thaler CJ, von Schönfeldt V, Friese K, Lacher H, Puchta J, Michna S, Pauer HU, Fiedler K, von Hertwig I, Würfel W, Laubert I, Santjohanser C, Völker S, Meri O, Krüsmann J, Bollmann W, Brückner T, Noss U, Belkien L, Niehoff C, Kiesel, Kreimer M, Kliesch, Sudik R, Kissing-Pahl K, Beran J, Müller B, Munzer-Neuwinger B, Neuwinger J, Licht P, Manolopoulos K, Oldenburg T, Hennefründ J, Boppert H, Heeder M, Jibril S, Pohlig G, Coordes I, Schneider M, Pforzheim K, Peuten V, Boehm S, Lehnert M, Recklinghausen K, Seifert B, Bals-Pratsch M, Luckhaus J, Müller H, Busecke A, Bossow A, Thaele M, Happel L, Giebel A, Nassar N, Otte M, Fuchs U, Maleika F, Harrer S, B D, Trier P, Satari M, Wissenschaftspark JP, Göhring, Göhring U, Göhring I, Lawrenz B, Neunhoeffer E, Gagsteiger, Sterzik K, Strehler E, Hancke K, Seemann B, Isachenko E, Rosenbusch B, Wetzlar V, Hajimohammad A, Oels B, Schorsch M, Hahn T, Adasz G, Schilberz K, Frambach T, Bernar T, Mai R, Schmitt W, Mulfinger L. (1)ESHRE Central Office, Meerstraat 60, Grimbergen B-1852, Belgium mail@prof-kupka.de. (2)ESHRE Central Office, Meerstraat 60, Grimbergen B-1852, Belgium. STUDY QUESTION: The 14th European IVF--monitoring (EIM) report presents the results of medically assisted reproduction treatments including assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycles and intrauterine insemination (IUI) cycles initiated in Europe during 2010: are there changes in the trends compared with previous years? SUMMARY ANSWER: Despite some fluctuations in the number of countries reporting, the overall number of ART cycles has continued to increase year by year, and while pregnancy rates in 2010 remained similar to those reported in 2009, the number of transfers with multiple embryos (three or more) further declined. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Since 1997, ART data in Europe have been collected and reported in 13 manuscripts, published in Human Reproduction. STUDY D","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deu175","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44755265"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/deu175"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25069504"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44755265"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-surveillanceunited-states-2011-4eyjyx3b/","name":"Assisted reproductive technology surveillance--United States, 2011","headline":"Assisted reproductive technology surveillance--United States, 2011","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-surveillanceunited-states-2011-4eyjyx3b/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Saswati Sunderam","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dmitry M. Kissin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6483-0474","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sara B. Crawford","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Suzanne G. Folger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Denise J Jamieson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2597-1201","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wanda D. Barfield","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5875-0475","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)"}],"datePublished":"2014 Nov 21","abstract":"Sunderam S, Kissin DM, Crawford SB, Folger SG, Jamieson DJ, Barfield WD; Centers \nfor Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Surveillance summaries (Washington, D.C. : 2002)"},"sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46751112","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25412164"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46751112"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/international-committee-for-monitoring-assisted-reproductive-technology-world-re-apzpb7cg/","name":"International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technology: world report on assisted reproductive technology, 2005","headline":"International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technology: world report on assisted reproductive technology, 2005","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/international-committee-for-monitoring-assisted-reproductive-technology-world-re-apzpb7cg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Fernando Zegers-Hochschild","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6234-6179","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Clínica Las Condes","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j5bwe91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Mansour","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0758-3387","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Egyptian IVF-ET Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035aahr55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ishihara O"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G David Adamson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5387-7629","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Endometriosis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01q5m4507"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacques de Mouzon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9465-3488","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nygren KG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sullivan EA"}],"datePublished":"2014 Feb","abstract":"Epub 2013 Nov 1. International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technology: world report on assisted reproductive technology, 2005. Zegers-Hochschild F(1), Mansour R(2), Ishihara O(3), Adamson GD(4), de Mouzon J(5), Nygren KG(6), Sullivan EA(7). (1)Clinica las Condes and Program of Ethics and Public Policies In Human Reproduction, University Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile. Electronic address: fzegers@clc.cl. (2)Egyptian IVF-ET Center, Cairo, Egypt. (3)Saitama Medical University Hospital, Moroyama, Japan. (4)Palo Alto Medical Foundation Fertility Physicians of Northern California, Palo Alto and San Jose, California. (5)IVF Unit, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Service de Gynécologie Obstétrique II et de Médecine de la Reproduction, Groupe Hospitalier Cochin-Saint Vincet de Paul, Paris, France. (6)Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. (7)National Perinatal Epidemiology and Statistics Unit, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. OBJECTIVE: To analyze information on assisted reproductive technology (ART) performed worldwide and trends in outcomes over successive years. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey on access, effectiveness, and safety of ART procedures performed in 53 countries during 2005. SETTING: A total of 2,973 clinics from national and regional ART registries. PATIENT(S): Infertile women and men undergoing ART globally. INTERVENTION(S): Collection and analysis of international ART data. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Number of cycles performed by country and region, including pregnancies, single and multiple birth rates, and perinatal mortality. RESULT(S): Overall, 1,052,363 ART procedures resulted in an estimated 237,315 babies born. The availability of ART varied by country from 15 to 3,982 cycles per million of population. Of all initiated fresh cycles, 62.9% were intracytoplasmic sperm injection. The overall delivery rate per fresh aspiration was 19.6% and for frozen embryo transfer 17.4%, with a cumulative delivery rate of 23.9%. With wide regional variations, single embryo transfer represented 17.5% of cycles, and the proportion of deliveries with twins and triplets from fresh transfers was 23.6% and 1.5%, respectively. CONCLUSION(S): Systematic collection and dissemination of international ART data allows patients, health professionals, and policy makers to examine and compare the impact of reproductive strategies or lack of them as markers of reproductive health. Copyright © 2014 American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.10.005","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43889139"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.10.005"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24188870"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43889139"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-pilot-study-to-prevent-a-thin-endometrium-in-patients-undergoing-clomiphene-ci-rkte6o0b/","name":"A pilot study to prevent a thin endometrium in patients undergoing clomiphene citrate treatment","headline":"A pilot study to prevent a thin endometrium in patients undergoing clomiphene citrate treatment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-pilot-study-to-prevent-a-thin-endometrium-in-patients-undergoing-clomiphene-ci-rkte6o0b/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Akihisa Takasaki","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saiseikai Shimonoseki General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dgncy67"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hiroshi Tamura","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6258-4572","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yamaguchi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03cxys317"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Toshiaki Taketani","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yamaguchi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03cxys317"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Katsunori Shimamura","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saiseikai Shimonoseki General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dgncy67"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Morioka H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Norihiro Sugino","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8874-7931","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yamaguchi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03cxys317"}}],"datePublished":"2013-12-27","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Clomiphene citrate (CC) is most commonly used as a first-line treatment of infertility. However, a disturbance of endometrial growth by the adverse effects of the CC has been recognized. Since a thin endometrium is recognized as a critical factor of implantation failure, preventing CC-induced thinning of the endometrium is important. This study was undertaken to investigate whether the modified CC treatments are useful to prevent a thin endometrium in patients undergoing CC treatments.\n\nMETHODS: This study is a prospective, randomized controlled study. The study was performed at the Saiseikai Shimonoseki General Hospital during a 4-month period (May 2012 to September 2012). Sixty-six infertile women who had a thin endometrium (< 8 mm) during the standard CC treatment (50 mg/day on days 5-9 of the menstrual cycle) were enrolled. The patients were randomly divided into three groups: 22 patients were given 25 mg/day CC on days 5-9 (half-dose group), 22 patients were given 50 mg/day CC on days 1-5 (early administration group) and 22 patients received a standard CC treatment again (control group). Endometrial thickness at the induction of ovulation was assessed by ultrasonography. The primary endpoint of this study was an endometrial thickness.\n\nRESULTS: Half dose administration and early administration improved the endometrial thickness (≥ 8 mm) in 14 patients (70%) and in 19 patients (90%) respectively, while only 3 patients (15%) improved in endometrial thickness in the control group. The mean endometrial thickness was also significantly higher in the half dose group (8.6 ± 1.5 mm) and early administration group (9.4 ± 1.5 mm) compared to the control group (6.7 ± 1.8 mm). No side effect was observed in this study.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: The modified treatment with a half-dose or early administration of CC significantly increased endometrial thickness in patients with a history of thin endometrium caused by the standard CC regimen. The modified CC treatments in this study can be beneficial for patients with a thin endometrium as a result of standard CC treatment.\n\nCLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: UMIN000007959.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of ovarian research"}}},"pageStart":"94","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1186/1757-2215-6-94","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37434209"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/1757-2215-6-94"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24369731"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37434209"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reproductive-factors-and-breast-cancer-a-case-control-study-in-tertiary-care-hos-recplth4ldvkpc2pc/","name":"Reproductive factors and breast cancer: a case-control study in tertiary care  hospital of North India","headline":"Reproductive factors and breast cancer: a case-control study in tertiary care  hospital of North India","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reproductive-factors-and-breast-cancer-a-case-control-study-in-tertiary-care-hos-recplth4ldvkpc2pc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A S Bhadoria","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6947-7910","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"All India Institute of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02dwcqs71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Sareen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0555-629X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"All India Institute of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02dwcqs71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Singh","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"All India Institute of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02dwcqs71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"U Kapil","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"All India Institute of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02dwcqs71"}}],"datePublished":"2013-12-27","abstract":"Background: Clinical, animal, and epidemiological studies have clearly demonstrated that cancer is a hormonally mediated disease and several factors that influence hormonal status or are markers of change in hormonal status have been shown to be associated with the risk of breast cancer.\n\nAims: To identify the association of various reproductive factors with breast cancer. SETTINGS AND Design: A hospital-based, matched, case-control study.\n\nMaterials and Methods: Three hundred and twenty newly diagnosed breast cancer cases and three hundred and twenty normal healthy individuals constituted the study population. The subjects in the control group were matched individually with the cases for their age ± 2 years and socioeconomic status. A pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire was administered to each individual to collect information on identification data, socio-demographic profile, and reproductive factors. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: The Chi-square test and unpaired t-test were used. The conditional univariate logistic regression analysis (unadjusted odds ratio and confidence intervals) was used to calculate the significance level of each variable followed by multivariate regression analysis. RESULTS AND\n\nConclusions: The cases had a lower mean age at menarche, higher age at marriage, higher mean age at last child birth, lower mean duration of breastfeeding, higher number of abortions, late age at menopause, history of oral contraceptive pills, and a family history of breast cancer as compared to the controls. The results of the present study revealed a strong association of reproductive factors with breast cancer in the Indian population.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"50","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Indian Journal of Cancer"}}},"pageStart":"316","pageEnd":"321","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-509X.123606","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54398319"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4103/0019-509X.123606"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24369207"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q54398319"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-oral-contraceptive-pills-and-the-natural-menstrual-cycle-on-arteri-recjdr4zrerwkhqsa/","name":"The effect of oral contraceptive pills and the natural menstrual cYCLe on  arterial stiffness and hemodynamICs (CYCLIC)","headline":"The effect of oral contraceptive pills and the natural menstrual cYCLe on  arterial stiffness and hemodynamICs (CYCLIC)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-oral-contraceptive-pills-and-the-natural-menstrual-cycle-on-arteri-recjdr4zrerwkhqsa/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Alice Yu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8940-4260","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Scheffler","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7659-3945","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gomez YH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Theodore G Papaioannou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1552-3168","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National and Kapodistrian University of Athens","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gnjpq42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stella S Daskalopoulou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4774-2549","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert J Doonan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Giordano Egiziano","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tania Giannone","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yessica-Haydee Gomez","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}}],"datePublished":"2013-12-12","abstract":"Background: Over 100 million women currently use oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) worldwide. However, little is known about the effects of OCPs on arterial stiffness and hemodynamics. Furthermore, whether arterial stiffness and hemodynamics vary throughout the natural menstrual cycle remains controversial. Herein, we estimated the effect of the natural menstrual cycle and OCP use on arterial stiffness and hemodynamics.\n\nMethods: Healthy, nonsmoking women, aged 18-30 years, were recruited if they had regular menstrual cycles and never used OCPs (OCP nonuser group), or were using low-dose OCPs for at least 6 months (OCP user group). Using applanation tonometry, three assessments of arterial stiffness and central and peripheral hemodynamics were performed in a randomized order: during the early follicular (days 3-6), late follicular (days 14-16), and luteal (days 22-26) phases. Within group and between group comparisons were performed using general linear models.\n\nResults: Sixty women (21.7 ± 2.8 years) were recruited. Compared with OCP nonusers, OCP users had significantly increased aortic and peripheral SBPs during the active OCP use, but not during the inert tablet phase. No differences in arterial stiffness were noted.\n\nConclusion: OCP use was associated with significant increases in aortic and peripheral blood pressures, but not with increased arterial stiffness. Given the widespread OCP use, future longitudinal studies are needed to confirm our findings and assess the long-term effect of OCPs on arterial stiffness and hemodynamics.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Hypertension"}}},"pageStart":"100","pageEnd":"107","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000000012","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39297376"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/HJH.0000000000000012"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24326993"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39297376"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-of-achieving-pregnancy-with-fertility-focused-intercourse-recpfdfz3slh5cirm/","name":"Efficacy of achieving pregnancy with fertility-focused intercourse","headline":"Efficacy of achieving pregnancy with fertility-focused intercourse","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-of-achieving-pregnancy-with-fertility-focused-intercourse-recpfdfz3slh5cirm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Qiyan Mu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0550-784X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}}],"datePublished":"2013-12-10","abstract":"Purpose: To compare pregnancy rates when women have intercourse on self-estimated high and peak fertile days and when they only have intercourse on low fertile days during the fertile window (FW). STUDY DESIGN AND\n\nMethods: We used a prospective observational cohort study design. Our convenience sample included 124 women who utilized our online charting Web sites to achieve pregnancy from January 2010 to November 2012. Participants used an electronic hormonal fertility monitor (EHFM) or self-observed cervical mucus or both to determine fertility during the estimated FW. Pregnancy rates were determined with Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Chi square analysis was used to evaluate the efficacy of achieving pregnancy between two different intercourse patterns.\n\nResults: The pregnancy rate was 87 per 100 women at 12 months when intercourse happened on high or peak days and 5 per 100 when intercourse occurred only on low days of the FW. Chi square analysis showed a greater proportion of pregnancies with intercourse on high and peak fertile days of the menstrual cycle (x2 = 40.2, p < .001, df = 1). NURSING Implications: Focusing intercourse on high or peak fertile days during the estimated FW enhances the probability of achieving a desired pregnancy. Fertility awareness-based online charting system is effective in helping women to determine their FW and target intercourse accordingly to achieve pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"39","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"MCN. The American Journal of Maternal Child Nursing"}}},"pageStart":"35","pageEnd":"40","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/NMC.0b013e3182a76b88","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q86910911"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/NMC.0b013e3182a76b88"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24317142"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q86910911"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/longitudinal-changes-in-calcium-and-vitamin-d-intakes-and-relationship-to-bone-m-rectykmeo9htzidwd/","name":"Longitudinal changes in calcium and vitamin D intakes and relationship to bone  mineral density in a prospective population-based study: the Canadian Multicentre  Osteoporosis Study (CaMos)","headline":"Longitudinal changes in calcium and vitamin D intakes and relationship to bone  mineral density in a prospective population-based study: the Canadian Multicentre  Osteoporosis Study (CaMos)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/longitudinal-changes-in-calcium-and-vitamin-d-intakes-and-relationship-to-bone-m-rectykmeo9htzidwd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan I Barr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8701-7152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher S Kovacs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5219-9993","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John’s, NL, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04haebc03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudie Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5499-2661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Hanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Shawn Davison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8123-7680","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nancy Kreiger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa Langsetmo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2245-1657","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emmanuel A Papadimitropoulos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3688-523X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eli Lilly (Canada)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p8kt313"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Poliquin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Coordinating Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fzvsb30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert G Josse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-6264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S M Kaiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3222-3711","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tanveer Towheed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8738-9394","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Rheumatology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rtaxr13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tassos Anastassiades","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5805-0364","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wei Zhou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5461-3617","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}}],"datePublished":"2013-12-03","abstract":"Objectives: Our objective was to study changes in calcium and vitamin D intakes over time, and their cross-sectional and longitudinal associations with bone mineral density (BMD).\n\nMethods: We followed 9382 women and men aged ≥25 and 899 aged 16-24, for 10 and 2 years respectively.\n\nResults: Calcium and vitamin D intakes increased over time in adults, but decreased in women aged 16-18. The increased intakes in adults were largely attributable to the increased use of calcium and/or vitamin D supplements. Both the percentage of supplement users and average dose among users increased over time. There was nevertheless a high prevalence of calcium and vitamin D intake below the estimated average requirement. At baseline, higher calcium and vitamin D intakes were associated with higher total hip and femoral neck BMD in young men, and cumulatively high levels of calcium and vitamin D intakes over time contributed to better BMD maintenance at lumbar spine and hip sites in adult women.\n\nConclusions: Although total intakes, particularly of vitamin D, frequently fell below the Institute of Medicine recommendations despite an increase over time in supplement use, we found some positive associations between total calcium and vitamin D intake and bone health.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Musculoskeletal & Neuronal Interactions"}}},"pageStart":"470","pageEnd":"479","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37418443","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24292617"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37418443"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/trace-elements-and-endometriosis-the-endo-study-recgkto3yskdcncfs/","name":"Trace elements and endometriosis: the ENDO study","headline":"Trace elements and endometriosis: the ENDO study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/trace-elements-and-endometriosis-the-endo-study-recgkto3yskdcncfs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Z Pollack","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4313-3298","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"George Mason University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Germaine M Buck Louis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1774-4490","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhian Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6423-105X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Matthew Peterson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4644-602X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rajeshwari Sundaram","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6918-5002","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lei Sun","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5260-0600","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael W Varner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9455-3973","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher D Palmer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6637-991X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"New York State Department of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04hf5kq57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick J Parsons","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9133-875X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University at Albany, State University of New York","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012zs8222"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary S Croughan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary L Hediger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amy J Steuerwald","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University at Albany, State University of New York","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012zs8222"}}],"datePublished":"2013-12-01","abstract":"There has been limited study of trace elements and endometriosis. Using a matched cohort design, 473 women aged 18-44 years were recruited into an operative cohort, along with 131 similarly aged women recruited into a population cohort. Endometriosis was defined as surgically visualized disease in the operative cohort, and magnetic resonance imaging diagnosed disease in the population cohort. Twenty trace elements in urine and three in blood were quantified using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Logistic regression estimated the adjusted odds (aOR) of endometriosis diagnosis for each element by cohort. No association was observed between any element and endometriosis in the population cohort. In the operative cohort, blood cadmium was associated with a reduced odds of diagnosis (aOR=0.55; 95% CI: 0.31, 0.98), while urinary chromium and copper reflected an increased odds (aOR=1.97; 95% CI: 1.21, 3.19; aOR=2.66; 95% CI: 1.26, 5.64, respectively). The varied associations underscore the need for continued research.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"42","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.)"}},"pageStart":"41","pageEnd":"48","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reprotox.2013.05.009","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37333085"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.reprotox.2013.05.009"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23892002"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37333085"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-immune-modifying-effects-of-amino-acids-on-gut-associated-lymphoid-tissue-recd0myqbgl0j779o/","name":"The immune modifying effects of amino acids on gut-associated lymphoid tissue","headline":"The immune modifying effects of amino acids on gut-associated lymphoid tissue","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-immune-modifying-effects-of-amino-acids-on-gut-associated-lymphoid-tissue-recd0myqbgl0j779o/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Catherine J Field","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7285-4767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alberta","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Megan R Ruth","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alberta","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27"}}],"datePublished":"2013-12-01","abstract":"The intestine and the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) are essential components of whole body immune defense, protecting the body from foreign antigens and pathogens, while allowing tolerance to commensal bacteria and dietary antigens. The requirement for protein to support the immune system is well established. Less is known regarding the immune modifying properties of individual amino acids, particularly on the GALT. Both oral and parenteral feeding studies have established convincing evidence that not only the total protein intake, but the availability of specific dietary amino acids (in particular glutamine, glutamate, and arginine, and perhaps methionine, cysteine and threonine) are essential to optimizing the immune functions of the intestine and the proximal resident immune cells. These amino acids each have unique properties that include, maintaining the integrity, growth and function of the intestine, as well as normalizing inflammatory cytokine secretion and improving T-lymphocyte numbers, specific T cell functions, and the secretion of IgA by lamina propria cells. Our understanding of this area has come from studies that have supplemented single amino acids to a mixed protein diet and measuring the effect on specific immune parameters. Future studies should be designed using amino acid mixtures that target a number of specific functions of GALT in order to optimize immune function in domestic animals and humans during critical periods of development and various disease states.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology"}}},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1186/2049-1891-4-27","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39375592"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/2049-1891-4-27"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39375592"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fallopian-tube-catheterization-kloxezw2/","name":"Fallopian tube catheterization","headline":"Fallopian tube catheterization","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fallopian-tube-catheterization-kloxezw2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A S Thurmond","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Legacy Meridian Park Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05kwbcj56"}}],"datePublished":"2013-12-01","abstract":"Fallopian tube catheterization is used for treatment of infertility caused by proximal tubal occlusion, and has replaced surgical treatment for this condition. More recently, fallopian tube catheterization has been used for tubal sterilization. Interventional radiologists tested numerous methods for tubal occlusion using the rabbit as an animal model. As a result, a tubal device has recently been Food and Drug Administration approved for permanent sterilization using hysteroscopic guidance; it can also be placed fluoroscopically by fallopian tube catheterization as an \"off-label\" procedure. This is a 5-year continuation and update on a procedure that has been done by interventional radiologists for 25 years; history of the development of fallopian tube catheterization in women has been published in detail in this journal. Highlighted in this article will be description of the basic components needed for fallopian tube catheterization.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Seminars in Interventional Radiology"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0033-1359732","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27026605"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1055/s-0033-1359732"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24436565"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q27026605"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/usual-dietary-isoflavone-intake-and-reproductive-function-across-the-menstrual-c-recflj3tq3wq9xr8t/","name":"Usual dietary isoflavone intake and reproductive function across the menstrual cycle","headline":"Usual dietary isoflavone intake and reproductive function across the menstrual cycle","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/usual-dietary-isoflavone-intake-and-reproductive-function-across-the-menstrual-c-recflj3tq3wq9xr8t/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A C Filiberto","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3586-8830","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Z Pollack","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4313-3298","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"George Mason University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cuilian Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3721-8586","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Henan Provincial People's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03f72zw41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neil J Perkins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6802-4733","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Wactawski-Wende","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3096-9595","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Edwina H Yeung","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3851-2613","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}}],"datePublished":"2013-12-01","abstract":"Objective: To assess the association of total isoflavone intake with ovulatory function, including sporadic anovulation in healthy premenopausal women.\nDesign: Prospective cohort study.\nSetting: University. PATIENT(S): Participants included 259 healthy regularly menstruating women aged 18-44 years. INTERVENTION(S): None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Serum concentrations of E2, free E2, P, LH, FSH, and SHBG and sporadic anovulation in healthy premenopausal women. RESULT(S): Isoflavone intake was not associated with E2, free E2, P, LH, and FSH concentrations. Consumption in the highest quartile (Q4: 1.6-78.8 mg/d) was significantly associated with greater SHBG concentrations (β = 0.09; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.02-0.16), compared with the first quartile (Q1: 0.0-0.3 mg/d). CONCLUSION(S): Isoflavone intake was not associated with sporadic anovulation (Q4 vs. Q1: odds ratio 0.87, 95% CI 0.32-1.66). Dietary isoflavone intake among young premenopausal women was not related to sex hormone concentrations or anovulation, but was associated with minimally increased SHBG concentrations. These results suggest potential endocrine effects with no subsequent effects on ovulation, easing concerns regarding their impacts on fertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"100","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1727","pageEnd":"1734","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.08.002","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37403041"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.08.002"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23998910"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37403041"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/men-perceive-their-female-partners-and-themselves-as-more-attractive-around-ovul-o6cyophc/","name":"Men perceive their female partners, and themselves, as more attractive around ovulation","headline":"Men perceive their female partners, and themselves, as more attractive around ovulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/men-perceive-their-female-partners-and-themselves-as-more-attractive-around-ovul-o6cyophc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Cobey KD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Buunk AP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pollet TV"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Klipping C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roberts SC"}],"datePublished":"2013-12-01","abstract":"The purpose of this study was to test whether men perceive changes in their female partner's attractiveness as a function of her fertility status. We further tested how both male and female self-perception varies in relation to female fertility status. This study benefits from the use of transvaginal ultrasonography to detect fertility during the regular cycle and the use of a within-subjects design in which romantic couples were followed both across the cycle and during hormonal contraceptive use. We find that men rated their female partner as more attractive near to ovulation (when fertile) as compared to during the luteal cycle phase or during hormonal contraceptive use. Moreover, our results point to a presently unrecognized negative consequence of hormonal contraceptive use on male self-perception, with men rating themselves lower in attractiveness when their partner was using hormonal contraceptives than when she was regularly cycling. In contrast, there was no difference across measures in female self-reported attractiveness. Results are discussed in terms of their potential impact on within-couple social dynamics.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"94","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Biological psychology"}}},"pageStart":"513","pageEnd":"6","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsycho.2013.09.011","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46404845"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.biopsycho.2013.09.011"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24096241"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46404845"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/negative-spinal-bone-mineral-density-changes-and-subclinical-ovulatory-disturban-reculycatv3mip5gd/","name":"Negative spinal bone mineral density changes and subclinical ovulatory  disturbances--prospective data in healthy premenopausal women with regular  menstrual cycles","headline":"Negative spinal bone mineral density changes and subclinical ovulatory  disturbances--prospective data in healthy premenopausal women with regular  menstrual cycles","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/negative-spinal-bone-mineral-density-changes-and-subclinical-ovulatory-disturban-reculycatv3mip5gd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan I Barr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8701-7152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tricia Yu","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine L Hitchcock","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation Research, Division of Endocrinology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D K Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8549-5437","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2013-11-28","abstract":"Subclinical ovulatory disturbances (anovulation or short luteal phases within normal-length menstrual cycles) indicate lower progesterone-to-estrogen levels. Given that progesterone plays a bone formation role, subclinical ovulatory disturbances may be associated with bone loss or less than expected bone gain. Our purpose was to perform a meta-analysis of prospective studies in healthy premenopausal women to determine the overall relationship of subclinical ovulatory disturbances to change in bone mineral density. Two reviewers independently identified from serial literature searches 6 studies meeting inclusion criteria: a 2-year study in 114 young adult women, 2006-2009, Vancouver, Canada; a 2-year study in 189 premenopausal women, 2000-2005, Toronto, Canada; a single-cycle study in 14 young women, 1996-1997, Melbourne, Australia; an 18-month study in 53 women, 1990-1995, Santa Clara, California; a 4-year study in 27 women, 1988-1995, Vancouver, Canada; and a 1-year study in 66 women, 1985-1988, Vancouver, Canada. This meta-analysis included a combined sample size of 473 observations in 436 premenopausal women studied over 1-4 years and aged 14-47 years. The percentage of women with ovulatory disturbances varied significantly from 13% to 82%. Women with more frequent ovulatory disturbances had more negative percentage changes in spine bone mineral density (weighted mean difference = -0.86; P = 0.040) for random-effects analysis. There was significant heterogeneity among these 6 studies (I(2) = 80%). In summary, these data show that regularly menstruating women with more frequent ovulatory disturbances experience more negative changes in bone (approximately -0.9% per year). These cycles with silent estrogen/progesterone imbalance may be clinically important.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"36","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Epidemiologic Reviews"}}},"pageStart":"137","pageEnd":"147","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/epirev/mxt012","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30701325"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/epirev/mxt012"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24275546"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q30701325"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/identification-of-tsg101-functional-domains-and-p21-loci-required-for-tsg101-med-rec2ym719wy7lcc4e/","name":"Identification of TSG101 functional domains and p21 loci required for  TSG101-mediated p21 gene regulation","headline":"Identification of TSG101 functional domains and p21 loci required for  TSG101-mediated p21 gene regulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/identification-of-tsg101-functional-domains-and-p21-loci-required-for-tsg101-med-rec2ym719wy7lcc4e/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Stanley N. Cohen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8960-1819"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cheng TH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yiqing Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6870-4202","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tzu-Hao Cheng","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047sbcx71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Cohen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9522-4522","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"for the CSDi Study Group"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yanling Lin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2354-7676","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fujian Provincial Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045wzwx52"}}],"datePublished":"2013-11-19","abstract":"TSG101 (tumor susceptibility gene 101) is a multi-domain protein known to act in the cell nucleus, cytoplasm, and periplasmic membrane. Remarkably, TSG101, whose location within cells varies with the stage of the cell cycle, affects biological events as diverse as cell growth and proliferation, gene expression, cytokinesis, and endosomal trafficking. The functions of TSG101 additionally are recruited for viral and microvesicle budding and for intracellular survival of invading bacteria. Here we report that the TSG101 protein also interacts with and down-regulates the promoter of the p21 (CIP1/WAF1) tumor suppressor gene, and identify a p21 locus and TSG101 domains that mediate this interaction. TSG101 deficiency in Saos-2 human osteosarcoma cells was accompanied by an increased abundance of p21 mRNA and protein and the retardation of cell proliferation. A cis-acting element in the p21 promoter that interacts with TSG101 and is required for promoter repression was located using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analysis and p21-driven luciferase reporter gene expression, respectively. Additional analysis of TSG101 deletion mutants lacking specific domains established the role of the central TSG101 domains in binding to the p21 promoter and demonstrated the additional essentiality of the TSG101 C-terminal steadiness box (SB) in the repression of p21 promoter activity. Neither binding of TSG101 to the p21 promoter nor repression of this promoter required the TSG101 N-terminal UEV domain, which mediates the ubiquitin-recognition functions of TSG101 and its actions as a member of ESCRT endocytic trafficking complexes, indicating that regulation of the p21 promoter by TSG101 is independent of its role in such trafficking.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"PloS One"}}},"pageStart":"e79674","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0079674","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37296660"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1371/journal.pone.0079674"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24244542"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37296660"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fracture-risk-prediction-importance-of-age-bmd-and-spine-fracture-status-recymipjhiokrcglc/","name":"Fracture risk prediction: importance of age, BMD and spine fracture status","headline":"Fracture risk prediction: importance of age, BMD and spine fracture status","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fracture-risk-prediction-importance-of-age-bmd-and-spine-fracture-status-recymipjhiokrcglc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"John H Krege, Xiaohai Wan, Brian C Lentle, Claudie Berger, Lisa Langsetmo, Jonathan D Adachi, Jerilynn C Prior, Alan Tenenhouse, Jacques P Brown, Nancy Kreiger, Wojciech P Olszynski, Robert G Josse, David Goltzman"}],"datePublished":"2013-11-15","abstract":"Our purpose was to identify factors for a parsimonious fracture risk assessment model considering morphometric spine fracture status, femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) and the World Health Organization (WHO) clinical risk factors. Using data from 2761 subjects from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos), a prospective, longitudinal cohort study of randomly selected community-dwelling men and women aged ⩾50 years, we previously reported that a logistic regression model considering age, BMD and spine fracture status provided as much predictive information as a model considering these factors plus the remaining WHO clinical risk factors. The current analysis assesses morphometric vertebral fracture and/or nonvertebral fragility fracture at 5 years using data from an additional 1964 CaMos subjects who have now completed 5 years of follow-up (total N=4725). Vertebral fractures were identified from lateral spine radiographs assessed using quantititative morphometry at baseline and end point. Nonvertebral fragility fractures were determined by questionnaire and confirmed using radiographs or medical records; fragility fracture was defined as occurring with minimal or no trauma. In this analysis, a model including age, BMD and spine fracture status provided a gradient of risk per s.d. (GR/s.d.) of 1.88 and captured most of the predictive information of a model including morphometric spine fracture status, BMD and all WHO clinical risk factors (GR/s.d. 1.92). For comparison, this model provided more information than a model considering BMD and the WHO clinical risk factors (GR/s.d. 1.74). These findings confirm the value of age, BMD and spine fracture status for predicting fracture risk.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BoneKEy Reports"}},"pageStart":"404","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1038/bonekey.2013.138","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37212067"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/bonekey.2013.138"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24228164"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37212067"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-definition-aetiology-presentation-diagnosis-and-management-of-previous-caesa-rec5wpp21qq15ibjv/","name":"The definition, aetiology, presentation, diagnosis and management of previous  caesarean scar defects","headline":"The definition, aetiology, presentation, diagnosis and management of previous  caesarean scar defects","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-definition-aetiology-presentation-diagnosis-and-management-of-previous-caesa-rec5wpp21qq15ibjv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Allornuvor GF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gloria Allornuvor","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Central South University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"X Zhu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6084-8711","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Third Xiangya Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05akvb491"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Xu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8380-3057","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Central South University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Xue","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Central South University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44"}}],"datePublished":"2013-11-14","abstract":"Caesarean sections are the most commonly performed surgical procedures involving the uterus in fertile women. Typically, this surgery involves a transverse incision in the anterior lower uterine segment. The incidence of caesarean sections is on the increase worldwide, and consequently, the complications associated with them are becoming more common. One such complication that is gaining more attention is previous lower uterine segment caesarean scar defect (PCSD). In this review, we sought to explore the definition, aetiology, presentation, diagnosis and management of PCSD.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"33","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology : the Journal of the Institute of  Obstetrics and Gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"759","pageEnd":"763","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3109/01443615.2013.816663","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38161977"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3109/01443615.2013.816663"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24219709"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38161977"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cancer-risk-among-children-born-after-assisted-conception-w81mxmfl/","name":"Cancer risk among children born after assisted conception","headline":"Cancer risk among children born after assisted conception","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cancer-risk-among-children-born-after-assisted-conception-w81mxmfl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Williams CL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bunch KJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stiller CA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Murphy MF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Botting BJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"William H. Wallace","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8080-5674","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Edinburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Melanie Davies","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7807-7911","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University College Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wrevg56"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A G Sutcliffe","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Free and University College Medical School, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Royal Free Campus, NW3 2PF, London, UK. icsi@rfc.ucl.ac.uk"}}],"datePublished":"2013-11-07","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Accurate population-based data are needed on the incidence of cancer in children born after assisted conception.\n\nMETHODS: We linked data on all children born in Britain between 1992 and 2008 after assisted conception without donor involvement with data from the United Kingdom National Registry of Childhood Tumours to determine the number of children in whom cancer developed before 15 years of age. Cohort cancer rates were compared with population-based rates in Britain over the same period, with stratification for potential mediating and moderating factors, including sex, age at diagnosis, birth weight, singleton versus multiple birth, parity, parental age, type of assisted conception, and cause of parental infertility.\n\nRESULTS: The cohort consisted of 106,013 children born after assisted conception (700,705 person-years of observation). The average duration of follow-up was 6.6 years. Overall, 108 cancers were identified, as compared with 109.7 expected cancers (standardized incidence ratio, 0.98; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.81 to 1.19; P=0.87). Assisted conception was not associated with an increased risk of leukemia, neuroblastoma, retinoblastoma, central nervous system tumors, or renal or germ-cell tumors. It was associated with an increased risk of hepatoblastoma (standardized incidence ratio, 3.64; 95% CI, 1.34 to 7.93; P=0.02; absolute excess risk, 6.21 cases per 1 million person-years) and rhabdomyosarcoma (standardized incidence ratio, 2.62; 95% CI, 1.26 to 4.82; P=0.02; absolute excess risk, 8.82 cases per 1 million person-years), with hepatoblastoma developing in 6 children and rhabdomyosarcoma in 10 children. The excess risk of hepatoblastoma was associated with low birth weight.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: There was no increase in the overall risk of cancer among British children born after assisted conception during the 17-year study period. Increased risks of hepatoblastoma and rhabdomyosarcoma were detected, but the absolute risks were small. (Funded by Cancer Research UK and others.).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"369","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England journal of medicine"}}},"pageStart":"1819","pageEnd":"27","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1301675","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34382893"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJMoa1301675"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24195549"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34382893"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chronic-endometritis-due-to-common-bacteria-is-prevalent-in-women-with-recurrent-recyfpe9a4szxychl/","name":"Chronic endometritis due to common bacteria is prevalent in women with recurrent miscarriage as confirmed by improved pregnancy outcome after antibiotic treatment","headline":"Chronic endometritis due to common bacteria is prevalent in women with recurrent miscarriage as confirmed by improved pregnancy outcome after antibiotic treatment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chronic-endometritis-due-to-common-bacteria-is-prevalent-in-women-with-recurrent-recyfpe9a4szxychl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ettore Cicinelli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2390-4582","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Human Oncologic Science, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027ynra39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria Matteo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1795-1745","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Foggia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01xtv3204"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Raffaele Tinelli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5597-3035","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ospedale San Bassiano","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02xqze381"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vincenzo Pinto","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7266-1276","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027ynra39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marco Marinaccio","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9732-2246","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027ynra39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ugo Indraccolo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7660-6864","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"L'organizzazione Ospedale di Civitanova M","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00st8mg19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dominique De Ziegler","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2513-8220","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mkjjy25"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leonardo Resta","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4335-4776","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027ynra39"}}],"datePublished":"2013-11-02","abstract":"Recurrent miscarriage (RM) is defined as 3 or more miscarriages before 20 weeks' pregnancy. In recent years, interest has been focused on chronic endometritis (CE), a subtle inflammation thought to be associated with RM. We aimed to evaluate the relationships between CE and RM. The records of 360 women with unexplained RM were retrospectively analyzed. Data from hysteroscopy, endometrial histology, endometrial culture, and polymerase chain reaction for chlamydia, performed before and after antibiotic treatment for CE, were analyzed. The occurrence of successful pregnancies within 1 year after treatment was also evaluated. Results showed that 208 (57.8%) women with RM showed CE at hysteroscopy; 190 (91.3%), positive at hysteroscopy, were also positive at histology, and 142 (68.3%) had positive cultures. Common bacteria were found in 110 (77.5%) patients. Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma were found in 36 (25.3%) patients and Chlamydia in 18 patients (12.7%). In 102 (71%) women, antibiogram-based antibiotic treatment normalized hysteroscopy, histology, and cultures (group 1); while in 40 (28.2%) patients, CE was still present at hysteroscopy (group 2). In 16 of the 66 patients positive at hysteroscopy, but not at cultures, the hysteroscopy becomes normal (group 3) after a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-based therapy; while in 50 women, CE was still present (group 4). One year after treatment, group 1 showed a significantly higher number of pregnancies (78.4%) compared to group 2 (17.5%; P < .001) and group 4 (15.3%; P = .005). The CE is frequent in women with RM. Antibiotic treatment seems to be associated with an improved reproductive outcome.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproductive Sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.)"}}},"pageStart":"640","pageEnd":"647","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/1933719113508817","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34381731"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/1933719113508817"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24177713"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34381731"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/neonatal-uterine-bleeding-as-antecedent-of-pelvic-endometriosis-5ifordji/","name":"Neonatal uterine bleeding as antecedent of pelvic endometriosis","headline":"Neonatal uterine bleeding as antecedent of pelvic endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/neonatal-uterine-bleeding-as-antecedent-of-pelvic-endometriosis-5ifordji/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ivo Brosens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9762-2820"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jan J Brosens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0116-9329","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Imperial College London","sameAs":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Giuseppe Benagiano","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1247-6300","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sapienza University of Rome","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02be6w209"}}],"datePublished":"2013-11-01","abstract":"We elaborate on a new theory to explain pelvic endometriosis, including endometriosis in premenarcheal girls, based on the finding that the neonatal endometrium can display secretory activity immediately after birth and, in some cases, changes analogous to those seen at menstruation in adults. The neonatal uterus is therefore capable of shedding its endometrium. Indeed, occult vaginal bleeding occurs in a majority of neonates, although overt bleeding is estimated to occur in only 5% of neonates. This may be due to functional plugging of the endocervical canal in the neonate, which in turn would promote retrograde flux of endometrial cells contained in menstrual debris. Ectopic endometrial implantation in a newborn with hydrometrocolpos has been documented. These data, coupled with the observation of a significantly increased risk of endometriosis in adolescents with cervical outflow obstruction and patent Fallopian tubes, indicate that endometriosis, especially in children and young adolescents, may originate from retrograde uterine bleeding soon after birth.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"28","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"2893","pageEnd":"7","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/det359","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/det359"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24048011"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/early-and-late-menarche-are-associated-with-oligomenorrhea-and-predict-metabolic-cos6ujgt/","name":"Early and late menarche are associated with oligomenorrhea and predict metabolic syndrome 26 years later","headline":"Early and late menarche are associated with oligomenorrhea and predict metabolic syndrome 26 years later","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/early-and-late-menarche-are-associated-with-oligomenorrhea-and-predict-metabolic-cos6ujgt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C J Glueck","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7932-9866","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jewish Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01h2jcs31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Morrison JA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ping Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8061-6133","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jewish Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01h2jcs31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jessica G Woo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3644-8432","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01hcyya48"}}],"datePublished":"2013-11-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: We determined whether simple, clinical information on late and early menarche could help identify adult women with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and oligomenorrhea.\n\nMATERIALS/METHODS: We carried out a 26-year prospective follow-up of 272 suburban schoolgirls from ages 5-22 to 30-46.\n\nRESULTS: Early menarche (≤10 years, 5.2% of girls) and late menarche (≥16 years, 6.7% of girls) were both associated with oligomenorrhea (≥42 days) in adulthood, 29% and 11%, vs. 5% for normal menarche (11-15 years), p=.004. Early menarche was characterized by high childhood BMI (LS mean±SE: 21.2 ±1.0 kg/m2) and by high childhood and adult MetS (15%, 36%). Girls with late menarche had the lowest childhood BMI (18.1±1.0), no childhood MetS, and the highest adult MetS (47%). Increasing age at menarche was associated with uniformly decreasing childhood BMI and MetS, but with a U-shaped pattern of BMI (p = .05), MetS (p=.008), and oligomenorrhea (p=.02) in adulthood. Change to MetS from median ages 13 to 38 was associated with early-late menarche (OR=3.11, 95% CI 1.37-7.07, p=.007). MetS in adulthood was associated with childhood MetS (OR=8.03, 95% CI 2.57-25.08, p=.0003) and with early-late menarche (OR =3.43, 95% CI 1.44-8.15, p=.005).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Menarche age had a curvilinear ('U' shaped) relationship with MetS and oligomenorrhea in adulthood. Late menarche and early menarche are risk factors for adult oligomenorrhea, MetS, and cardiometabolic abnormalities. Girls with early (≤ age 10) and with late menarche (≥ 16) represent a group at high risk for adult cardiometabolic abnormalities and oligomenorrhea that is easily identifiable by physicians.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"62","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Metabolism: clinical and experimental"}}},"pageStart":"1597","pageEnd":"606","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2013.07.005","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47760439"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.metabol.2013.07.005"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23953892"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47760439"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-randomised-trial-to-evaluate-the-effects-of-low-dose-aspirin-in-gestation-and--recungx1o7taate0f/","name":"A randomised trial to evaluate the effects of low-dose aspirin in gestation and reproduction: design and baseline characteristics","headline":"A randomised trial to evaluate the effects of low-dose aspirin in gestation and reproduction: design and baseline characteristics","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-randomised-trial-to-evaluate-the-effects-of-low-dose-aspirin-in-gestation-and--recungx1o7taate0f/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert M Silver","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5794-3152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Intermountain Healthcare","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mvr1r74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neil J Perkins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6802-4733","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brian W Whitcomb","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8646-5823","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 715 N Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, USA.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0072zz521"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laurie L Lesher","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Room 2B200 SOM, 50 North Medical Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Faraggi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2131-620X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Haifa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02f009v59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard W Browne","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7685-1608","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University at Buffalo, State University of New York","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mark White","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6014-2380","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Commonwealth Medical College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04bqfk210"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anne M Lynch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6508-8136","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Colorado Denver","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02hh7en24"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Noya Galai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8280-9492","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Haifa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02f009v59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Janet M Townsend","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Commonwealth Medical College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04bqfk210"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Wactawski-Wende","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3096-9595","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}}],"datePublished":"2013-11-01","abstract":"Background: Low-dose aspirin (LDA) has been proposed to improve pregnancy outcomes in couples experiencing recurrent pregnancy loss. However, results from studies of LDA on pregnancy outcomes have been inconsistent, perhaps because most studies evaluated LDA-initiated post-conception. The purpose of the Effects of Aspirin in Gestation and Reproduction (EAGeR) trial was to determine whether preconception-initiated LDA improves livebirth rates in women with one to two prior losses.\n\nMethods: We performed a multicentre, block randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Study participants were recruited using community-based advertisements and physician referral to four university medical centres in the US (2006-12). Eligible women were aged 18-40 years actively trying to conceive, with one to two prior losses. Participants were randomised to receive daily LDA (81 mg/day) or a matching placebo, and all were provided with daily 400-mcg folic acid. Follow-up continued for ≤6 menstrual cycles while attempting to conceive. For those who conceived, treatment was continued until 36 weeks gestation. The primary outcome was the cumulative livebirth rate over the trial period.\n\nResults: There were 1228 women randomised (615 LDA, 613 placebo). Participants had a mean age of 28.7, were mostly white (95%), well educated (86% more than high school education), and employed (75%) with a household income >$100 000 annually (40%). The characteristics of those in the treatment and placebo arms were well balanced.\n\nConclusions: We describe the study design, recruitment, data collection, and baseline characteristics of participants enrolled in EAGeR, which aimed to determine the effect of LDA on livebirth and other pregnancy outcomes in these women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"27","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology"}}},"pageStart":"598","pageEnd":"609","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/ppe.12088","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37292044"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/ppe.12088"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24118062"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37292044"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/monitoring-of-ovarian-activity-by-daily-measurement-of-urinary-excretion-rates-o-recxcliiu2ivciooj/","name":"Monitoring of ovarian activity by daily measurement of urinary excretion rates of  oestrone glucuronide and pregnanediol glucuronide using the Ovarian Monitor, Part  III: variability of normal menstrual cycle profiles","headline":"Monitoring of ovarian activity by daily measurement of urinary excretion rates of  oestrone glucuronide and pregnanediol glucuronide using the Ovarian Monitor, Part  III: variability of normal menstrual cycle profiles","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/monitoring-of-ovarian-activity-by-daily-measurement-of-urinary-excretion-rates-o-recxcliiu2ivciooj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Delwyn G Cooke","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0770-3417","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Palmerston North Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ctbbh52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Catherine d’Arcangues","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"World Health Organization","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01f80g185"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"James B. Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7414-6809","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Melbourne","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leonard F Blackwell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massey University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052czxv31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Catherine d'Arcangues","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Special Programme of Research, Development, and Research Training in Human Reproduction, Geneva, Switzerland. darcanguesc@who.ch"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1406-4251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}}],"datePublished":"2013-10-31","abstract":"STUDY Question: What are the characteristics of, and how variable are, individual normal menstrual cycle profiles of excretion rates for the urinary metabolites oestrone glucuronide (E1G) and pregnanediol glucuronide (PdG)?\n\nSUMMARY ANSWER: There is a continuum of menstrual cycle profiles that differ from standard textbook profiles but which can be understood simply in terms of growth, atresia and ovulation of ovarian follicles.\n\nWHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Point-of-care assays with the Ovarian Monitor pre-coated assay tubes, using urine samples diluted to a constant volume per unit time, give laboratory accurate clinical data for individual menstrual cycles. Lay operators can perform the point-of-care assay system at home to achieve reliable and reproducible results, which can be used for natural family planning.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: This prospective study involved 62 women, with normal menstrual cycles, recruited from three centres: Palmerston North, New Zealand, Sydney, Australia and Santiago, Chile. The study lasted 3 years.\n\nPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, Methods: Women collected daily urine samples and determined their E1G and PdG rates with a pre-coated enzyme assay system known as the Ovarian Monitor. For two cycles, the assays were repeated in a study centre and the results were averaged to give 113 individual menstrual cycles for analysis. The cycles were displayed individually in a proprietary database program.\n\nMAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: The individual normal hormonal profiles were more complex than the classic composite curves for 40% of the cycles. Of 113 ostensibly normal cycles, only 91 were potentially fertile and 22 had some luteal phase defect. The oestrone glucuronide and PdG excretion rates were reliable and informative in the non-invasive elucidation of ovulation and ovarian function for both simple and complex profiles. Daily monitoring revealed the variability of normal menstrual cycle profiles. The LH peaks were variable and ambiguous markers for ovulation.\n\nLIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: The study consisted of cycles only from women with regular cycles of 20-40 days duration. All the women were intending to avoid a pregnancy during the study thus the limits of the fertile window were not tested.\n\nWIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE Findings: The principles established in this study should apply to cycles of any length. All peaks in oestrone glucuronide excretion should be tested by concurrent measurements of PdG, which gives a positive indication of the fate of the follicle it represents. The Ovarian Monitor provides a useful addition for practitioners of natural family planning. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S): Financial support for this study was obtained from the UNDP/UNFPA/World Bank/WHO Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction (HRP). D.G.C. is currently employed by and holds stock in Manawatu Diagnostics Ltd, a company in the development phase of a potentially competing product. The remaining authors have nothing to declare.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"28","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"3306","pageEnd":"3315","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/det389","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q86610061"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/det389"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24170744"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q86610061"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/la-conoscenza-dei-cicli-sessuali-femminili-attraverso-lauto-osservazione-per-il--recbtm7dwdvmmxute/","name":"La conoscenza dei cicli sessuali femminili attraverso l’auto-osservazione per il trattamento della sterilità umana","headline":"La conoscenza dei cicli sessuali femminili attraverso l’auto-osservazione per il trattamento della sterilità umana","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/la-conoscenza-dei-cicli-sessuali-femminili-attraverso-lauto-osservazione-per-il--recbtm7dwdvmmxute/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Otte A"}],"datePublished":"2013-10-30","abstract":"L’auto-osservazione e il follow-up grafico del ciclo mestruale in caso di presunta sterilita, aiutano a diagnosticare e trattare certe alterazioni ginecologiche, al fine di attuare il rapporto sessuale finalizzato ad ottimizzare concepimento. Attraverso queste procedure naturali (naprotecnologia), prive di aspetti negativi da un punto di vista etico, possiamo ottenere tassi di natalita che sono paragonabili, o addirittura superiori, a quelle ottenute con trattamenti invasivi. ---------- Self-observation and the graphic follow-up of the menstrual cycle in cases of supposed infertility, help to diagnose and treat certain gynaecological alterations in order to carry out the sexual intercourse focused on optimising conception. Through these natural procedures (Naprotechnology), with no ethical drawbacks, we can obtain birth rates that are comparable, or even higher, to those obtained with invasive treatments.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Medicina e Morale"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.4081/mem.2013.84","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4081/mem.2013.84"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/angiotensin-converting-enzymes-play-a-dominant-role-in-fertility-recvtqvssfep20yro/","name":"Angiotensin-converting enzymes play a dominant role in fertility","headline":"Angiotensin-converting enzymes play a dominant role in fertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/angiotensin-converting-enzymes-play-a-dominant-role-in-fertility-recvtqvssfep20yro/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Qi-Tao Zhan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3590-1688","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042t7yh44"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhan QT"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Le Fang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6654-3329","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042t7yh44"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ying-Ming Zheng","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6721-923X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042t7yh44"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zheng YM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fan Jin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8949-2002","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042t7yh44"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fang Le","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6251-7549","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine,  Zhejiang University, 1 Xueshi Road, Hangzhou 310006, China"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pei-Pei Pan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9292-9417","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042t7yh44"}}],"datePublished":"2013-10-25","abstract":"According to the World Health Organization, infertility, associated with metabolic syndrome, has become a global issue with a 10%-20% incidence worldwide. An accumulating body of evidence has shown that the renin-angiotensin system is involved in the fertility problems observed in some populations. Moreover, alterations in the expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme-1, angiotensin-converting enzyme-2, and angiotensin-converting enzyme-3 might be one of the most important mechanisms underlying both female and male infertility. However, as a pseudogene in humans, further studies are needed to explore whether the abnormal angiotensin-converting enzyme-3 gene could result in the problems of human reproduction. In this review, the relationship between angiotensin-converting enzymes and fertile ability is summarized, and a new procedure for the treatment of infertility is discussed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"}}},"pageStart":"21071","pageEnd":"21086","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms141021071","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37291414"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/ijms141021071"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24152441"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37291414"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptives-and-risk-of-ovarian-cancer-and-breast-cancer-among-high-risk-rectwzuw3hnocqqpc/","name":"Oral contraceptives and risk of ovarian cancer and breast cancer among high-risk  women: a systematic review and meta-analysis","headline":"Oral contraceptives and risk of ovarian cancer and breast cancer among high-risk  women: a systematic review and meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptives-and-risk-of-ovarian-cancer-and-breast-cancer-among-high-risk-rectwzuw3hnocqqpc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Patricia G Moorman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2978-6495","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duke University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04bct7p84"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laura J Havrilesky","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4259-5992","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duke University Health System","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03wfqwh68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jennifer M Gierisch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5057-4964","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duke University Health System","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03wfqwh68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"William J Lowery","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9908-1781","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duke University Health System","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03wfqwh68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peragallo Urrutia R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rachel Peragallo Urrutia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1398-5123","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michaela A. Dinan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4849-4743","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duke University Health System","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03wfqwh68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Evan R Myers","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9053-9864","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duke University Health System","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03wfqwh68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Remy R Coeytaux","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duke University Health System","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03wfqwh68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vic Hasselblad","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duke University Health System","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03wfqwh68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amanda J McBroom","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duke University Health System","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03wfqwh68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gillian D Sanders","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duke University Health System","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03wfqwh68"}}],"datePublished":"2013-10-23","abstract":"Purpose: To estimate the risks of ovarian cancer and breast cancer associated with oral contraceptive (OC) use among women at elevated risk owing to mutations in BRCA1/2 or a strong family history.\n\nMethods: We searched PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and ClinicalTrials.gov for studies published 2000 to 2012 that evaluated associations between OC use and breast or ovarian cancer among women who are carriers of a BRCA1/2 mutation or have a family history of breast or ovarian cancer.\n\nResults: From 6,476 unique citations, we identified six studies examining ovarian cancer risk in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers and eight studies examining breast cancer risk in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers. For BRCA1/2 mutation carriers combined, meta-analysis showed an inverse association between OC use and ovarian cancer (odds ratio [OR], 0.58; 95% CI, 0.46 to 0.73) and a nonstatistically significant association with breast cancer (OR, 1.21; 95% CI, 0.93 to 1.58). Findings were similar when examining BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers separately. Data were inadequate to perform meta-analyses examining duration or timing of use. For women with a family history of ovarian or breast cancer, we identified four studies examining risk for ovarian cancer and three for breast cancer, but differences between studies precluded combining the data for meta-analyses, and no overall pattern could be discerned.\n\nConclusion: Our analyses suggest that associations between ever use of OCs and ovarian and breast cancer among women who are BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers are similar to those reported for the general population.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"31","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"33","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of  Clinical Oncology"}}},"pageStart":"4188","pageEnd":"4198","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2013.48.9021","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34379186"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1200/JCO.2013.48.9021"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24145348"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34379186"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/influence-of-motivation-on-the-efficacy-of-natural-family-planning-rechch9qtfthqan2t/","name":"Influence of motivation on the efficacy of natural family planning","headline":"Influence of motivation on the efficacy of natural family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/influence-of-motivation-on-the-efficacy-of-natural-family-planning-rechch9qtfthqan2t/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Schneider","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8090-4971","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Lee Barron","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4719-3420","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jessica Pruszynski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0786-0081","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical College of Wisconsin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00qqv6244"}}],"datePublished":"2013-10-23","abstract":"Purpose: To determine the influence of mutual motivation on unintended pregnancy rates of couples who used natural family planning (NFP) methods to avoid pregnancy. STUDY DESIGN AND\n\nMethods: Using an online taught NFP method, 358 women and (their male partners) indicated \"how much\" and \"how hard\" they wished to avoid pregnancy on a scale of 0 to 10 before each menstrual cycle charted over 12 month of use. This motivation scale is used in the National Survey of Family Growth as a measure of motivation. All pregnancies were verified with an online pregnancy evaluation and urine-based pregnancy test. A combined motivation score was used in analysis.\n\nResults: There were 28 pregnancies among the low-motivation participants (N = 60) and 16 among the high-motivation participants (N = 298). At 12 months of use, there were 75 pregnancies per 100 users for the low-motivation group and only 8 for the high-motivation group. There was an 80% greater likelihood of a pregnancy with the low-motivation group (χ = 25.5, p < .001, odds ratio = 1.80; 95% confidence interval = 1.61-1.90).\nClinical Implications: High motivation to avoid pregnancy by both the female user of a behavioral method of family planning and her male partner is required for high efficacy. Assessing motivation of both the woman and her male partner before prescribing NFP methods is recommended.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"38","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"MCN. The American Journal of Maternal Child Nursing"}}},"pageStart":"352","pageEnd":"358","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/NMC.0b013e3182a1ecc0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44838209"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/NMC.0b013e3182a1ecc0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24145489"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44838209"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/25-hydroxyvitamin-d-in-the-range-of-20-to-100-ngml-and-incidence-of-kidney-stone-recpn86yalbncilrx/","name":"25-Hydroxyvitamin D in the range of 20 to 100 ng/mL and incidence of kidney stones","headline":"25-Hydroxyvitamin D in the range of 20 to 100 ng/mL and incidence of kidney stones","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/25-hydroxyvitamin-d-in-the-range-of-20-to-100-ngml-and-incidence-of-kidney-stone-recpn86yalbncilrx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Leo Baggerly","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stacie Nguyen, Leo Baggerly, and Christine French are with GrassrootsHealth, Encinitas, CA. Robert P. Heaney is with Creighton University, Osteoporosis Research Center, Omaha, NE. Edward D. Gorham ..."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine French","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2430-3335","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"GrassrootsHealth","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00d68nb44"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cedric F Garland","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"GrassrootsHealth","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00d68nb44"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Edward D Gorham","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"GrassrootsHealth","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00d68nb44"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert P Heaney","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"GrassrootsHealth","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00d68nb44"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stacie Nguyen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2440-7432","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"GrassrootsHealth","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00d68nb44"}}],"datePublished":"2013-10-19","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: Increasing 25-hydroxyvitamin D serum levels can prevent a wide range of diseases. There is a concern about increasing kidney stone risk with vitamin D supplementation. We used GrassrootsHealth data to examine the relationship between vitamin D status and kidney stone incidence.\n\nMETHODS: The study included 2012 participants followed prospectively for a median of 19 months. Thirteen individuals self-reported kidney stones during the study period. Multivariate logistic regression was applied to assess the association between vitamin D status and kidney stones.\n\nRESULTS: We found no statistically significant association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and kidney stones (P = .42). Body mass index was significantly associated with kidney stone risk (odds ratio = 3.5; 95% confidence interval = 1.1, 11.3).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: We concluded that a serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level of 20 to 100 nanograms per milliliter has no significant association with kidney stone incidence.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"104","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Public Health"}}},"pageStart":"1783","pageEnd":"1787","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2013.301368","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q86545278"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2105/AJPH.2013.301368"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24134366"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q86545278"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lateral-temperature-spread-of-monopolar-bipolar-and-ultrasonic-instruments-for-r-recyipgt95slywofm/","name":"Lateral temperature spread of monopolar, bipolar and ultrasonic instruments for  robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery","headline":"Lateral temperature spread of monopolar, bipolar and ultrasonic instruments for  robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lateral-temperature-spread-of-monopolar-bipolar-and-ultrasonic-instruments-for-r-recyipgt95slywofm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lukas J Hefermehl","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8467-5333","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital of Zurich","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01462r250"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas Hermanns","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5350-7479","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Zurich","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02crff812"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cédric Poyet","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3648-6941","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Zurich","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02crff812"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tullio Sulser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1059-2305","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital of Zurich","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01462r250"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Daniel Eberli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8866-8010","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Zurich","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02crff812"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Remo A Largo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Zurich","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02crff812"}}],"datePublished":"2013-10-17","abstract":"Objective: To assess critical heat spread of cautery instruments used in robot-assisted laparoscopic (RAL) surgery.\n\nMaterials and Methods: Thermal spread along bovine musculofascial tissues was examined by infrared camera, histology and enzyme assay. Currently used monopolar, bipolar and ultrasonic laparoscopic instruments were investigated at various power settings and application times. The efficacy of using an additional Maryland clamp as a heat sink was evaluated. A temperature of 45 °C was considered the threshold temperature for possible nerve damage.\n\nResults: Monopolar instruments exhibited a mean (sem) critical thermal spread of 3.5 (2.3) mm when applied at 60 W for 1 s. After 2 s, the spread was >20 mm. For adjustable bipolar instruments the mean (sem) critical thermal spread was 2.2 (0.6) mm at 60 W and 1 s, and 3.6 (1.3) mm at 2 s. The PK and LigaSure forceps had mean (sem) critical thermal spreads of 3.9 (0.8) and 2.8 (0.6) mm respectively, whereas the ultrasonic instrument reached 2.9 (0.8) mm. Application of an additional Maryland clamp as a heat sink, significantly reduced the thermal spread. Histomorphometric analyses and enzyme assay supported these findings.\n\nConclusions: All coagulation devices used in RAL surgery have distinct thermal spreads depending on power setting and application time. Cautery may be of concern due to lateral temperature spread, causing potential damage to sensitive structures including nerves. Our results provide surgeons with a resource for educated decision-making when using coagulation devices during robotic procedures.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"114","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BJU International"}}},"pageStart":"245","pageEnd":"252","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/bju.12498","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51151243"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/bju.12498"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24127773"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q51151243"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-urinary-pregnanediol-3-glucuronide-to-confirm-ovulation-recfm12zpdxkolztp/","name":"Use of urinary pregnanediol 3-glucuronide to confirm ovulation","headline":"Use of urinary pregnanediol 3-glucuronide to confirm ovulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-urinary-pregnanediol-3-glucuronide-to-confirm-ovulation-recfm12zpdxkolztp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"René Ecochard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1695-789X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospices Civils de Lyon","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01502ca60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rene Leiva","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1395-3236","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Ottawa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03c4mmv16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Boehringer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3235-305X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Quidel Corporation (United States)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04g8dtp60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas P Bouchard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5774-0286","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Calgary","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Direito","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03skt0t88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Mariani"}],"datePublished":"2013-10-01","abstract":"Objective: Urinary hormonal markers may assist in increasing the efficacy of Fertility Awareness Based Methods (FABM). This study uses urinary pregnanediol-3a-glucuronide (PDG) testing to more accurately identify the infertile phase of the menstrual cycle in the setting of FABM.\n\nMethods: Secondary analysis of an observational and simulation study, multicentre, European study. The study includes 107 women and tracks daily first morning urine (FMU), observed the changes in cervical mucus discharge, and ultrasonography to identify the day of ovulation over 326 menstrual cycles. The following three scenarios were tested: (A) use of the daily pregnandiol-3a-glucuronide (PDG) test alone; (B) use of the PDG test after the first positive urine luteinizing hormone (LH) kit result; (C) use of the PDG test after the disappearance of fertile type mucus. Two models were used: (1) one day of PDG positivity; or (2) waiting for three days of PDG positivity before declaring infertility.\n\nResults: After the first positivity of a LH test or the end of fertile mucus, three consecutive days of PDG testing over a threshold of 5μg/mL resulted in a 100% specificity for ovulation confirmation. They were respectively associated an identification of an average of 6.1 and 7.6 recognized infertile days.\n\nConclusions: The results demonstrate a clinical scenario with 100% specificity for ovulation confirmation and provide the theoretical background for a future development of a competitive lateral flow assay for the detection of PDG in the urine.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"78","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Steroids"}}},"pageStart":"1035","pageEnd":"1040","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.steroids.2013.06.006","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39389690"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.steroids.2013.06.006"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23831784"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39389690"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dhea-supplementation-positively-affects-spontaneous-pregnancies-in-women-with-di-djhemutt/","name":"DHEA supplementation positively affects spontaneous pregnancies in women with diminished ovarian function","headline":"DHEA supplementation positively affects spontaneous pregnancies in women with diminished ovarian function","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dhea-supplementation-positively-affects-spontaneous-pregnancies-in-women-with-di-djhemutt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Fusi FM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ferrario M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bosisio C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arnoldi M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zanga L"}],"datePublished":"2013-10-01","abstract":"The aim of this article is to describe unexpected spontaneous pregnancies in poor responder patients with long-term infertility, when treated with dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) supplementation prior to in vitro fertilization (IVF). Our evaluation was carried out in two groups of women. The first group included 39 young women with <40 years, all treated with DHEA because of a previous poor response. The second group included 38 women over 40 years who received DHEA supplementation. Controls for latter group were 24 comparable women who had not been treated with DHEA before the first IVF cycle to evaluate the spontaneous pregnancy rate during preparation to IVF. Three tablets daily of 25 mg micronized DHEA were administered for at least 12 weeks before starting a long stimulation protocol for IVF. Surprisingly, spontaneous pregnancy rate significantly increased after DHEA treatment, allowing to achieve 10 spontaneous pregnancies and 9 spontaneous ongoing pregnancies among young poor responders. Pregnancy rate and ongoing pregnancy rate obtained before starting the IVF cycle were also significantly higher in older women treated with DHEA than in the control group: 21.05% and 13.15% and 4.1% and 0, respectively. Our results show that DHEA supplementation improves the ovarian function in poor responders and in women over 40 years, suggesting that this molecule alone can raise fecundity and fertility treatment success in women with poor prognosis for pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"29","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Gynecological endocrinology : the official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"940","pageEnd":"3","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3109/09513590.2013.819087","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q87152016"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3109/09513590.2013.819087"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23889217"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q87152016"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/potential-role-and-therapeutic-interests-of-myoinositol-in-metabolic-diseases-g3ybinh6/","name":"Potential role and therapeutic interests of myo-inositol in metabolic diseases","headline":"Potential role and therapeutic interests of myo-inositol in metabolic diseases","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/potential-role-and-therapeutic-interests-of-myoinositol-in-metabolic-diseases-g3ybinh6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Croze ML"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Soulage CO","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8800-2144"}],"datePublished":"2013-10-01","abstract":"Several inositol isomers and in particular myo-inositol (MI) and D-chiro-inositol (DCI), were shown to possess insulin-mimetic properties and to be efficient in lowering post-prandial blood glucose. In addition, abnormalities in inositol metabolism are associated with insulin resistance and with long term microvascular complications of diabetes, supporting a role of inositol or its derivatives in glucose metabolism. The aim of this review is to focus on the potential benefits of a dietary supplement of myo-inositol, by far the most common inositol isomer in foodstuffs, in human disorders associated with insulin resistance (polycystic ovary syndrome, gestational diabetes mellitus or metabolic syndrome) or in prevention or treatment of some diabetic complications (neuropathy, nephropathy, cataract). The relevance of such a nutritional strategy will be discussed for each context on the basis of the clinical and/or animal studies. The dietary sources of myo-inositol and its metabolism from its dietary uptake to its renal excretion will be also covered in this review. Finally, the actual insights into inositol insulin-sensitizing effects will be addressed and in particular the possible role of inositol glycans as insulin second messengers.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"95","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Biochimie"}}},"pageStart":"1811","pageEnd":"27","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biochi.2013.05.011","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28292692"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.biochi.2013.05.011"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23764390"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28292692"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-congenital-abnormalities-of-infants-conceived-by-assisted-reproduc-kkywqn8b/","name":"Comparison of Congenital Abnormalities of Infants Conceived by Assisted Reproductive Techniques versus Infants with Natural Conception in Tehran","headline":"Comparison of Congenital Abnormalities of Infants Conceived by Assisted Reproductive Techniques versus Infants with Natural Conception in Tehran","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-congenital-abnormalities-of-infants-conceived-by-assisted-reproduc-kkywqn8b/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Farhangniya M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dortaj Rabori E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mozafari Kermani R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Haghdoost AA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bahrampour A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bagheri P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A L Lancaster P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mitra Ashrafi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zanjan University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01xf7jb19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vosough Taqi Dizaj A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gourabi H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shahzadeh Fazeli A"}],"datePublished":"2013-10-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: In many countries, 1 to 3% of newborn infants are conceived by assisted reproductive techniques (ART). Despite the success of ART, there is concern about the risk of congenital malformations among these infants. We report our experience to determine whether use of ART is associated with an increase in major congenital malformations or adverse pregnancy outcomes.\n\nMATERIALS AND METHODS: Historical cohort study of major congenital malformations (MCM) was performed in 978 births from January 2008 to December 2010. The data for this analysis were derived from a Tehran's ART linked data file by simple sampling method. In our study, the risk of congenital malformations was compared in 326 ART infants and 652 naturally conceived (NC) infants. We also performed multiple logistic regression analyses to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the independent association of ART on each outcome.\n\nRESULTS: We found 56 infants with major congenital malformations, these included 29 NC infants (4.4%) and 27 ART infants (8.3%). In comparison with NC infants, ART infants had a significant 1.94-fold increased risk of MCM.After adjustment for maternal age, infant's sex stillbirth, abortion and type of delivery, we found a relatively small difference in risk (OR=2.04). In this study the majority (94.3%) of all infants were normal but 5.7% of infants had at least one MCM. The prevalence rate for the intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) was 6.5% for the In vitro fertilisation (IVF) group was 15.9% or 2.73-fold higher than ICSI group (P=0.018). Also we ignore the possible role of genotype and other unknown factors in causing more malformations in ART infants.\n\nCONCLUSION: Other studies have shown a slightly increased risk of major congenital malformations in pregnancies resulting from ART. Likewise, this study reports a greater risk of MCMs in ART infants than in naturally conceived infants. We also found evidence of a difference in risk of MCMs between IVF and ICSI. Musculoskeletal and urogenital malformations were the most reported MCMs in ART infants according to organs and systems classification.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International journal of fertility & sterility"}}},"pageStart":"217","pageEnd":"24","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37557070","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24520489"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37557070"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/neural-tube-defects-folic-acid-and-methylation-kyxb35dn/","name":"Neural tube defects, folic acid and methylation","headline":"Neural tube defects, folic acid and methylation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/neural-tube-defects-folic-acid-and-methylation-kyxb35dn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Imbard A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Benoist JF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Blom HJ"}],"datePublished":"2013-09-17","abstract":"Neural tube defects (NTDs) are common complex congenital malformations resulting from failure of the neural tube closure during embryogenesis. It is established that folic acid supplementation decreases the prevalence of NTDs, which has led to national public health policies regarding folic acid. To date, animal studies have not provided sufficient information to establish the metabolic and/or genomic mechanism(s) underlying human folic acid responsiveness in NTDs. However, several lines of evidence suggest that not only folates but also choline, B12 and methylation metabolisms are involved in NTDs. Decreased B12 vitamin and increased total choline or homocysteine in maternal blood have been shown to be associated with increased NTDs risk. Several polymorphisms of genes involved in these pathways have also been implicated in risk of development of NTDs. This raises the question whether supplementation with B12 vitamin, betaine or other methylation donors in addition to folic acid periconceptional supplementation will further reduce NTD risk. The objective of this article is to review the role of methylation metabolism in the onset of neural tube defects.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International journal of environmental research and public health"}}},"pageStart":"4352","pageEnd":"89","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph10094352","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37236998"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/ijerph10094352"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24048206"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37236998"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-hormonal-contraceptive-use-with-reduced-levels-of-depressive-symptoms-a-national-study-of-sexually-active-women-in-the-united-states-rece2bo7d2dit56bc/","name":"Association of hormonal contraceptive use with reduced levels of depressive symptoms: a national study of sexually active women in the United States","headline":"Association of hormonal contraceptive use with reduced levels of depressive symptoms: a national study of sexually active women in the United States","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-hormonal-contraceptive-use-with-reduced-levels-of-depressive-symptoms-a-national-study-of-sexually-active-women-in-the-united-states-rece2bo7d2dit56bc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Katherine M Keyes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5624-021X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Keely Cheslack‐Postava","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7945-407X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carolyn Westhoff","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3622-8846","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NewYork–Presbyterian Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03gzbrs57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kate Walsh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6598-095X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karestan C. Koenen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2978-7655","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Keely Cheslack-Postava"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michelle Haloossim","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Heim","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6580-6326","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universität Trier","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02778hg05"}}],"datePublished":"2013-09-15","abstract":"An estimated 80% of sexually active young women in the United States use hormonal contraceptives during their reproductive years. Associations between hormonal contraceptive use and mood disturbances remain understudied, despite the hypothesis that estrogen and progesterone play a role in mood problems. In this study, we used data from 6,654 sexually active nonpregnant women across 4 waves of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (1994-2008), focusing on women aged 25-34 years. Women were asked about hormonal contraceptive use in the context of a current sexual partnership; thus, contraceptive users were compared with other sexually active women who were using either nonhormonal contraception or no contraception. Depressive symptoms were assessed with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. At ages 25-34 years, hormonal contraceptive users had lower mean levels of concurrent depressive symptoms (β = -1.04, 95% confidence interval: -1.73, -0.35) and were less likely to report a past-year suicide attempt (odds ratio = 0.37, 95% confidence interval: 0.14, 0.95) than women using low-efficacy contraception or no contraception, in models adjusted for propensity scores for hormonal contraceptive use. Longitudinal analyses indicated that associations between hormonal contraception and depressive symptoms were stable. Hormonal contraception may reduce levels of depressive symptoms among young women. Systematic investigation of exogenous hormones as a potential preventive factor in psychiatric epidemiology is warranted.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"178","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American journal of epidemiology"}}},"pageStart":"1378","pageEnd":"1388","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwt188","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37463944"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/aje/kwt188"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24043440"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37463944"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/non-steroidal-anti-inflammatory-drug-use-and-cervical-cancer-risk-a-case-control-study-using-the-clinical-practice-research-datalink-recbw7hrgax2xqjmg/","name":"Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use and cervical cancer risk: a case-control study using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink","headline":"Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use and cervical cancer risk: a case-control study using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/non-steroidal-anti-inflammatory-drug-use-and-cervical-cancer-risk-a-case-control-study-using-the-clinical-practice-research-datalink-recbw7hrgax2xqjmg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jo Wilson"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael O’Rorke","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2425-3323","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University Belfast","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hswnk62"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Cooper","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8223-3013","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University Belfast","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hswnk62"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Liam Murray","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8277-6205","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University Belfast","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hswnk62"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carmel Hughes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4656-6021","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University Belfast","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hswnk62"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gerard Gormley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1701-7920","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University Belfast","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hswnk62"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lesley Anderson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1000-3649","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University Belfast","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hswnk62"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M A O'Rorke"}],"datePublished":"2013-09-14","abstract":"Purpose: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have many anticarcinogenic properties via the inhibition of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2). Only one study, a cohort study examining risk of all cancers, investigated their role in cervical cancer with inconsistent findings between non-aspirin NSAIDs and aspirin. The aim of this study was to further investigate NSAID/aspirin use and cervical cancer risk.\n\nMethods: Using the United Kingdom Clinical Practice Research Datalink, 724 women diagnosed with cervical cancer between 1 January, 1995 and December 2010 were compared to 3479 women (without cervical cancer) matched on year of birth and general practice. Conditional logistic regression analysis adjusted for smoking, sexually transmitted infections, HRT and contraceptive use, was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for cervical cancer risk among users of any oral NSAIDs, non-aspirin NSAIDs and aspirin, as assessed from primary care prescribing data.\n\nResults: Excluding the year prior to diagnosis, there was no association in adjusted analyses between ever vs. never use of an NSAID (OR 0.92, 95% CI 0.77-1.09), non-aspirin NSAID (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.80-1.13) or low-dose aspirin (OR 1.07, 0.80-1.44) and cervical cancer risk. In analysis of daily defined doses, there was no association with cervical cancer risk comparing the highest users to non-users of NSAIDs (OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.69-1.39) or non-aspirin NSAIDs (OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.70-1.43) or low-dose aspirin (OR 1.04, 95% CI 0.59-1.81).\n\nConclusion: This large historical cohort study found no evidence of an association between non-aspirin NSAID or aspirin use and cervical cancer risk.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"37","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cancer Epidemiol"}}},"pageStart":"897","pageEnd":"904","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.canep.2013.08.010","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q85859355"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.canep.2013.08.010"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24042024"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q85859355"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptive-use-in-women-changes-preferences-for-male-facial-masculinity--1waajurj/","name":"Oral contraceptive use in women changes preferences for male facial masculinity and is associated with partner facial masculinity","headline":"Oral contraceptive use in women changes preferences for male facial masculinity and is associated with partner facial masculinity","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptive-use-in-women-changes-preferences-for-male-facial-masculinity--1waajurj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Little AC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Burriss RP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Petrie M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jones BC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roberts SC"}],"datePublished":"2013-09-01","abstract":"Millions of women use hormonal contraception and it has been suggested that such use may alter mate preferences. To examine the impact of oral contraceptive (pill) use on preferences, we tested for within-subject changes in preferences for masculine faces in women initiating pill use. Between two sessions, initiation of pill use significantly decreased women's preferences for male facial masculinity but did not influence preferences for same-sex faces. To test whether altered preference during pill use influences actual partner choice, we examined facial characteristics in 170 age-matched male partners of women who reported having either been using or not using the pill when the partnership was formed. Both facial measurements and perceptual judgements demonstrated that partners of women who used the pill during mate choice have less masculine faces than partners of women who did not use hormonal contraception at this time. Our data (A) provide the first experimental evidence that initiation of pill use in women causes changes in facial preferences and (B) documents downstream effects of these changes on real-life partner selection. Given that hormonal contraceptive use is widespread, effects of pill use on the processes of partner formation have important implications for relationship stability and may have other biologically relevant consequences.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"38","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"1777","pageEnd":"85","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2013.02.014","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q53115667"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.psyneuen.2013.02.014"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23528282"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q53115667"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/obesity-leads-to-higher-risk-of-sperm-dna-damage-in-infertile-patients-xtbvrykg/","name":"Obesity leads to higher risk of sperm DNA damage in infertile patients","headline":"Obesity leads to higher risk of sperm DNA damage in infertile patients","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/obesity-leads-to-higher-risk-of-sperm-dna-damage-in-infertile-patients-xtbvrykg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Dupont C","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0402-4280"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Faure C","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7435-7518"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sermondade N","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7044-6935"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Boubaya M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eustache F","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9231-8846"},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Clement","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8449-1035"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Briot P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Berthaut I","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3617-3769"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Levy V","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0423-1255"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Isabelle Cédrin‐Durnerin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3166-8014","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Jean-Verdier","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04pag4b70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Benzacken B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chavatte-Palmer P","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4581-6092"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Levy R","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2544-5711"}],"datePublished":"2013-09-01","abstract":"There has been a growing interest over the past few years in the impact of male nutrition on fertility. Infertility has been linked to male overweight or obesity, and conventional semen parameter values seem to be altered in case of high body mass index (BMI). A few studies assessing the impact of BMI on sperm DNA integrity have been published, but they did not lead to a strong consensus. Our objective was to explore further the relationship between sperm DNA integrity and BMI, through a 3-year multicentre study. Three hundred and thirty male partners in subfertile couples were included. Using the terminal uridine nick-end labelling (TUNEL) assay, we observed an increased rate of sperm DNA damage in obese men (odds ratio (95% confidence interval): 2.5 (1.2-5.1)).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Asian journal of andrology"}}},"pageStart":"622","pageEnd":"5","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1038/aja.2013.65","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37437056"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/aja.2013.65"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23792341"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37437056"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/is-there-a-role-for-dhea-supplementation-in-women-with-diminished-ovarian-reserv-zgvfgclm/","name":"Is there a role for DHEA supplementation in women with diminished ovarian reserve?","headline":"Is there a role for DHEA supplementation in women with diminished ovarian reserve?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/is-there-a-role-for-dhea-supplementation-in-women-with-diminished-ovarian-reserv-zgvfgclm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Fouany MR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fady I Sharara","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7218-4713","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Virginia Center for Reproductive Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04thvph49"}}],"datePublished":"2013-09-01","abstract":"PURPOSE: Poor ovarian reserve and poor ovarian response presents a challenge to IVF centers. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) supplementation is increasingly being used by many IVF centers around the world in poor responders despite the lack of convincing data. We therefore examined the rationale for the use of DHEA in poor responders, address the relevant studies, present new data, and address its potential mechanisms of action.\n\nMETHODS: All published articles on the role of DHEA in infertile women from 1990 to April 2013 were reviewed.\n\nRESULTS: Several studies have suggested an improvement in pregnancy rates with the use of DHEA. Potential mechanisms include improved follicular steroidogenesis, increased IGF-1, acting as a pre-hormone for follicular testosterone, reducing aneuploidy, and increasing AMH and antral follicle count. While the role of DHEA is intriguing, evidence-based recommendations are lacking.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: While nearly 25 % of IVF programs use DHEA currently, large randomized prospective trials are sorely needed. Until (and if) such trials are conducted, DHEA may be of benefit in suitable, well informed, and consented women with diminished ovarian reserve.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"30","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics"}}},"pageStart":"1239","pageEnd":"44","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-013-0018-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37239561"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s10815-013-0018-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23737215"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37239561"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/disparities-in-obstetrical-outcomes-in-art-pregnancies-compared-with-natural-con-1ycsstba/","name":"Disparities in Obstetrical Outcomes in ART Pregnancies Compared with Natural Conceptions","headline":"Disparities in Obstetrical Outcomes in ART Pregnancies Compared with Natural Conceptions","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/disparities-in-obstetrical-outcomes-in-art-pregnancies-compared-with-natural-con-1ycsstba/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Novak C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Spong C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Torie Plowden","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Program in Reproductive and Adult Endocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD."}}],"datePublished":"2013-08-09","abstract":"Health disparities are observed in all fields of medicine and reproductive health is not immune to this phenomenon. The incidence of women using infertility treatments to conceive is increasing. Women undergoing assisted reproduction appear to be at increased risk of adverse outcomes, and minority women tend to be at even greater risk. This article examines several adverse obstetrical outcomes including preterm birth, congenital malformations, and preeclampsia among women receiving infertility treatments compared with those who conceive spontaneously. It will further examine societal costs associated with these procedures.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"31","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"05","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Seminars in Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"340","pageEnd":"346","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0033-1348892","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38128246"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1055/s-0033-1348892"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38128246"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/low-amh-and-natural-conception-xjqi0gys/","name":"Low AMH and Natural Conception","headline":"Low AMH and Natural Conception","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/low-amh-and-natural-conception-xjqi0gys/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Phil C Boyle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2555-6294","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NeoFertility Clinic, Suite 7, 1st Floor, Beacon Mall, Sandyford, Dublin 18, Ireland. Phil.Boyle@NeoFertility.ie."}}],"datePublished":"2013-08-07","abstract":"AMH levels are commonly measured in fertility clinics to assess ovarian reserve and give an indication of female fertility potential. AMH levels are useful in deciding on stimulation protocols for IVF cycles. High AMH levels are useful to confirm a diagnosis of polycystic ovaries. Currently AMH levels cannot be used to predict a couple's ability to conceive naturally.","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/low-dose-naltrexone-novel-uses-for-a-licensed-medication-iuqpwza3/","name":"Low Dose Naltrexone: Novel Uses for a Licensed Medication","headline":"Low Dose Naltrexone: Novel Uses for a Licensed Medication","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/low-dose-naltrexone-novel-uses-for-a-licensed-medication-iuqpwza3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Phil C Boyle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2555-6294","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NeoFertility Clinic, Suite 7, 1st Floor, Beacon Mall, Sandyford, Dublin 18, Ireland. Phil.Boyle@NeoFertility.ie."}}],"datePublished":"2013-08-01","abstract":"Naltrexone hydrochloride is a licensed drug with a growing number of novel uses. Nothing has been published on low dose naltrexone for infertility, miscarriage, PMS, or pregnancy, but there is published literature on high dose naltrexone. First synthesised in the 1960s and licensed in the USA in 1985 and Ireland in 1991, naltrexone at 50-150mg per dose is used as adjunctive treatment of opioid dependence and now alcohol dependence (unlicensed). It works through competitive inhibition of opioid receptors in both the central and peripheral nervous system.","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/spiritual-care-of-couples-practicing-natural-family-planning-receauxzckd8wt0fx/","name":"Spiritual Care of Couples Practicing Natural Family Planning","headline":"Spiritual Care of Couples Practicing Natural Family Planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/spiritual-care-of-couples-practicing-natural-family-planning-receauxzckd8wt0fx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dana Rodriguez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5459-2417","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}}],"datePublished":"2013-08-01","abstract":"There are few studies that have investigated the spiritual problems of couples practicing natural family planning (NFP). The purpose of this paper is to analyze the spiritual problems and interventions of couples who were taught NFP by means of a professional online Web-based support system. Responses from this online system and its forums were categorized according to spiritual responses, spiritual problems, and spiritual interventions to the practice of NFP. Themes addressed included spiritual care in regards to decisions about the transmission of new life, difficulties in dealing with chastity and abstinence, bioethical problems related to pregnancy and illness, end of the reproductive life decisions, ethical treatment of women's health problems, sacrifice, and personal and relational struggles. Online community support, help in building confidence in NFP methods, and bioethicist referral are key interventions. The complexity of these spiritual responses, problems, and appropriate interventions require the expertise of health professionals in cooperation with bioethicists. We concluded that NFP can be viewed as both a spiritual practice and a means of spiritual growth.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"80","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"225","pageEnd":"238","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1179/0024363913Z.00000000023","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90789352"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1179/0024363913Z.00000000023"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30083000"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q90789352"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-study-on-risk-factors-of-breast-cancer-among-patients-attending-the-tertiary-c-recup89z1fqccoorl/","name":"A study on risk factors of breast cancer among patients attending the tertiary  care hospital, in udupi district","headline":"A study on risk factors of breast cancer among patients attending the tertiary  care hospital, in udupi district","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-study-on-risk-factors-of-breast-cancer-among-patients-attending-the-tertiary-c-recup89z1fqccoorl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"KamaleshwarS Mahajan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02xzytt36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lena Ashok","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2441-3224","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02xzytt36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"TS Sanal"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ramchandra Kamath","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8934-3103","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02xzytt36"}}],"datePublished":"2013-07-24","abstract":"Background: Cancer has become one of the ten leading causes of death in India. Breast cancer is the most common diagnosed malignancy in India, it ranks second to cervical cancer. An increasing trend in incidence is reported from various registries of national cancer registry project and now India is a country with largest estimated number of breast cancer deaths worldwide.\n\nAim: To study the factors associated with breast cancer.\n\nObjectives: To study the association between breast cancer and selected exposure variables and to identify risk factors for breast cancer.\n\nMaterials and Methods: A hospital based Case control study was conducted at Shirdi Sai Baba Cancer Hospital and Research Center, Manipal, Udupi District.\n\nResults: Total 188 participants were included in the study, 94 cases and 94 controls. All the study participants were between 25 to 69 years of age group. The cases and controls were matched by ± 2 years age range. Non vegetarian diet was one of the important risk factors (OR 2.80, CI 1.15-6.81). More than 7 to 12 years of education (OR 4.84 CI 1.51-15.46) had 4.84 times risk of breast cancer as compared with illiterate women.\n\nConclusion: The study suggests that non vegetarian diet is the important risk factor for Breast Cancer and the risk of Breast Cancer is more in educated women as compared with the illiterate women. LIMITATION: This is a Hospital based study so generalisability of the findings could be limited.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"38","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Indian Journal of Community Medicine : Official Publication of Indian Association  of Preventive & Social Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"95","pageEnd":"99","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.4103/0970-0218.112440","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37023483"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4103/0970-0218.112440"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23878422"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37023483"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/psychobehavioral-effects-of-hormonal-contraceptive-use-c3mhualb/","name":"Psychobehavioral effects of hormonal contraceptive use","headline":"Psychobehavioral effects of hormonal contraceptive use","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/psychobehavioral-effects-of-hormonal-contraceptive-use-c3mhualb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Welling LL","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3555-5965"}],"datePublished":"2013-07-18","abstract":"Although female use of hormonal contraceptives (HCs) has been associated with a variety of physical side effects, the psychological and behavioral side effects have received comparatively little attention until recently. Indeed, the long-term impact of HC use on human psychology has been vastly under-researched and has only recently become a focus for mainstream scholars. Women who use HCs report higher rates of depression, reduced sexual functioning, and higher interest in short-term sexual relationships compared to their naturally-cycling counterparts. Also, HC use may alter women's ability to attract a mate, as well as the mate retention behaviors in both users and their romantic partners. Some evidence even suggests that HC use alters mate choice and may negatively affect sexual satisfaction in parous women, with potential effects on future offspring. Interestingly, HCs have become a standard method of population control for captive nonhuman primates, opening up exciting avenues for potential comparative research. Here, the existing literature on the psychobehavioral effects of HCs in humans and nonhuman primates is reviewed and discussed. The potential resulting downstream consequences for the path of human evolution and recommendations for how future research could tease apart the underlying causes of these psychobehavioral effects of HC use are discussed, including suggestions for research involving nonhuman primates.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Evolutionary psychology : an international journal of evolutionary approaches to psychology and behavior"}}},"pageStart":"718","pageEnd":"42","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/147470491301100315","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38122333"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/147470491301100315"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23864301"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38122333"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cervical-mucus-monitoring-prevalence-and-associated-fecundability-in-women-tryin-recuemcnt31p2awtv/","name":"Cervical mucus monitoring prevalence and associated fecundability in women trying to conceive","headline":"Cervical mucus monitoring prevalence and associated fecundability in women trying to conceive","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cervical-mucus-monitoring-prevalence-and-associated-fecundability-in-women-tryin-recuemcnt31p2awtv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Emily Evans-Hoeker","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6577-4654","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Leann Long","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8614-7190","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amy H Herring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1552-8871","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Z Steiner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4203-3754","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David G. Pritchard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7717-0866","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}}],"datePublished":"2013-07-16","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To assess the use of cervical mucus monitoring (CMM) in women trying to conceive and determine whether monitoring is associated with increased cycle-specific probability of conception (fecundability).\n\nDESIGN: Time-to-pregnancy cohort study.\n\nSETTING: Population-based cohort.\n\nPATIENT(S): Three hundred thirty-one women trying to conceive, ages 30 to 44 years, without known infertility.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): None.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): CMM prevalence and fecundability.\n\nRESULT(S): During the first cycle of the study, CMM was performed consistently (checked on >66% of pertinent cycle days) by 20 women (6%), inconsistently (34% to 66% of days) by 60 women (18%), infrequently (≤33% of days) by 73 women (22%), and not performed by 178 women (54%). Cycles in which CMM was consistently performed were statistically significantly more likely to result in conception after adjusting for age, race, previous pregnancy, body mass index, intercourse frequency, and urinary luteinizing hormone (LH) monitoring. Fecundability also increased with increasing consistency of CMM.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Among women trying to conceive, CMM is uncommon, but our study suggests that CMM-a free, self-directed method to determine the fertile window-is associated with increased fecundability independent of intercourse frequency or use of urinary LH monitoring.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"100","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1033-1038.e1","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.06.002","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28389350"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.06.002"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23850303"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28389350"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-low-dose-combined-oral-contraceptive-pills-on-brachial-artery-endo-reckzouhlhxcnztnh/","name":"The effect of low-dose combined oral contraceptive pills on brachial artery  endothelial function and common carotid artery intima-media thickness","headline":"The effect of low-dose combined oral contraceptive pills on brachial artery  endothelial function and common carotid artery intima-media thickness","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-low-dose-combined-oral-contraceptive-pills-on-brachial-artery-endo-reckzouhlhxcnztnh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bahador Asadi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3803-5308","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aja University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/028dyak29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mohammad Saadatnia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9425-5132","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Isfahan University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04waqzz56"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Askar Ghorbani","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5078-3264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01c4pz451"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Farzad Fatehi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6774-7825","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shariati Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01rb4vv49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zeinab Heidarzadeh","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01c4pz451"}}],"datePublished":"2013-07-10","abstract":"Background: Combined oral contraceptives (COCs) are considered for their thrombogenicity and the risk of premature atherosclerosis and the stroke caused by them. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between chronic use of low-dose COCs (ethinyl estradiol 30 mcg + levonorgestrel 150 mcg) and endothelial dysfunction and intima-media thickness.\n\nMethods: In a cross-sectional study, in 2011-2012, 60 healthy premenopausal women (30 cases of COC consumers and 30 controls as nonconsumers), aged between 25 and 45 years, participated in this study. They were current users for at least a 3-year period. Brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and common carotid artery intima-media thickness (CCA-IMT) were measured for the patients.\n\nResults: The mean duration of COC consumption was 54.03 ± 27.27 months in the case group. There was a significant FMD% difference between 2 groups of cases and controls: 11 ± 3.53 versus 15.80 ± 9.22 (P = .01). In addition, a significant mean CCA-IMT thickness difference was detected: .53 ± .07 versus .44 ± .08 (P = .00). However, after multiple regression analysis and adjusting for body mass index (BMI), in COC users, no significant association between COC consumption duration and FMD% and mean CCA-IMT was observed.\n\nConclusions: Prolonged used of low-dose COCs may cause changes in both endothelial function (measured by FMD%) and endothelial structure (measured by CCA-IMT). There was a nonsignificant inverse relationship between the duration of COC ingestion and FMD% and a nonsignificant positive relationship with CCA-IMT. Our results are in favor of early atherosclerotic changes in prolonged users of COCs.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"23","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases : the Official Journal of National  Stroke Association"}}},"pageStart":"675","pageEnd":"680","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2013.06.007","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45418439"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2013.06.007"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23834851"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q45418439"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/does-unilateral-laparoscopic-diathermy-adjusted-to-ovarian-volume-increase-the-c-rechvq0z6w0ogh64o/","name":"Does unilateral laparoscopic diathermy adjusted to ovarian volume increase the  chances of ovulation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome?","headline":"Does unilateral laparoscopic diathermy adjusted to ovarian volume increase the  chances of ovulation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/does-unilateral-laparoscopic-diathermy-adjusted-to-ovarian-volume-increase-the-c-rechvq0z6w0ogh64o/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"D P Baldani","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3412-8024","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Zagreb","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00mv6sv71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Jeroncic","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1621-1956","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Split","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00m31ft63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Canic","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital Centre Zagreb","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00r9vb833"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"I Palada","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Split","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00m31ft63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Sunj","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Split","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00m31ft63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Tandara","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Split","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00m31ft63"}}],"datePublished":"2013-07-04","abstract":"STUDY Question: Does unilateral volume-adjusted laparoscopic diathermy increase the chances of ovulation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)?\n\nSUMMARY ANSWER: Although unilateral laparoscopic ovarian drilling (ULOD) using adjusted thermal doses was more efficient than bilateral laparoscopic ovarian drilling (BLOD) using fixed doses, the chances of ovulation were improved in patients irrespective of the technique used.\n\nWHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: The adjustment of the thermal dose to ovarian volume in BLOD increases ovulation and pregnancy rates compared with fixed-dose treatment, but BLOD causes the formation of adhesions, particularly on the left ovary, and increases the risk of damage to ovarian tissue. In contrast, ULOD with a fixed thermal dose minimizes the risk of ovarian tissue damage, and can increase the activity in both right and left ovaries, although this varies in humans and in other species.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: This prospective, longitudinal, study, between September 2009 and January 2013, included 96 infertile women with PCOS who were unresponsive to clomiphene citrate treatment and had underwent either ULOD or BLOD. After surgery, the groups were followed up for 6 months to assess ovulatory response.\n\nPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, Methods: Patients were assigned to two groups; one group underwent laparoscopic ovarian drilling of the right ovary alone, while both ovaries were treated in the second group. The ULOD group (n = 49) received thermal doses adjusted to the volume of the right ovary (60 J/cm³). The BLOD group (n = 47) received fixed doses of 600 J per ovary, regardless of its volume. The two treatment groups were matched by the number of participants, age and baseline parameters.\n\nMAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: The ovulation rate during the first menstrual cycle after LOD was significantly higher in the ULOD group than in the BLOD group [73 versus 49%; absolute risk reduction (ARR), -0.25; 95% confidence interval (CI), -0.44 to -0.03; P = 0.014]. Treatment with ULOD on the right ovary significantly increased the chances of ovulation in patients with a larger right ovary compared with those who had a smaller right ovary (100 versus 36%; ARR, -0.64; 95% CI, -0.84 to -0.37; P = 0.004). Interestingly, the chances of ovulation were also significantly higher in patients in the BLOD group who had a larger right ovary compared with those who had a smaller right ovary (88 versus 33%; ARR, -0.55; 95% CI, -0.73 to -0.28; P = 0.002). The pregnancy rate was also significantly higher in patients with a larger right ovary compared with those with a smaller right ovary, regardless of the treatment group.\n\nLIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: The 6-month follow-up was too short to demonstrate any long-term differences in the ovulation rates. Future research should therefore extend the follow-up beyond 6 months. Another limitation is that ULOD was used to treat only the right ovary. Future studies should investigate whether ULOD treatment of the larger ovary, whether left or right, would significantly increase the ovulation rate.\n\nWIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE Findings: This study represents an advance in the determination of the optimal laparoscopic treatment for women with PCOS, as it was shown that improved results can be achieved using less thermal energy in volume-adjusted ULOD.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"28","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"2417","pageEnd":"2424","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/det273","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39392160"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/det273"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23820423"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39392160"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hyperprolactinemia-qcjs3ezj/","name":"Hyperprolactinemia","headline":"Hyperprolactinemia","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hyperprolactinemia-qcjs3ezj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Majumdar A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mangal NS"}],"datePublished":"2013-07-01","abstract":"Prolactin (PRL) is an anterior pituitary hormone which has its principle physiological action in initiation and maintenance of lactation. In human reproduction, pathological hyperprolactinemia most commonly presents as an ovulatory disorder and is often associated with secondary amenorrhea or oligomenorrhea. Galactorrhea, a typical symptom of hyperprolactinemia, occurs in less than half the cases. Out of the causes of hyperprolactinemia, pituitary tumors may be responsible for almost 50% of cases and need to be investigated especially in the absence of history of drug induced hyperprolactinemia. In women with hyperprolactinemic amenorrhea one important consequence of estrogen deficiency is osteoporosis, which deserves specific therapeutic consideration. Problem in diagnosing and treating hyperprolactinemia is the occurrence of the 'big big molecule of prolactin' that is biologically inactive (called macroprolactinemia), but detected by the same radioimmunoassay as the biologically active prolactin. This may explain many cases of very high prolactin levels sometimes found in normally ovulating women and do not require any treatment. Dopamine agonist is the mainstay of treatment. However, presence of a pituitary macroadenoma may require surgical or radiological management.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of human reproductive sciences"}}},"pageStart":"168","pageEnd":"75","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.4103/0974-1208.121400","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60017575"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4103/0974-1208.121400"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24347930"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q60017575"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-daily-ejaculation-on-semen-quality-and-calcium-and-magnesium-in-semen-reciv7mwpd9ezmvlk/","name":"Effect of daily ejaculation on semen quality and calcium and magnesium in semen","headline":"Effect of daily ejaculation on semen quality and calcium and magnesium in semen","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-daily-ejaculation-on-semen-quality-and-calcium-and-magnesium-in-semen-reciv7mwpd9ezmvlk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kalanghot Padmanabhan Skandhan"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Skandhan Kp","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4067-6825","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Government Medical College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007fenw03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P H Gusani","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Government Medical College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007fenw03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P. Sahab Khan"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Skandhan Amith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6767-2763","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of South Alabama Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05388sw24"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Meenaxi Gondalia","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Government Medical College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007fenw03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"James Valsa","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Government Medical College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01te4n153"}}],"datePublished":"2013-07-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Revista Internacional de Andrología"}}},"pageStart":"94","pageEnd":"99","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.androl.2013.03.001","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.androl.2013.03.001"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-of-recurrent-venous-thromboembolism-among-young-women-after-a-first-event-w-recyusa0hs2bkoeiw/","name":"Risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism among young women after a first event  while exposed to combined oral contraception versus not exposed to: a cohort  study","headline":"Risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism among young women after a first event  while exposed to combined oral contraception versus not exposed to: a cohort  study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-of-recurrent-venous-thromboembolism-among-young-women-after-a-first-event-w-recyusa0hs2bkoeiw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Emmanuelle Le Moigne","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5103-2406","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Laboratoire des Sciences et Techniques de l’Information de la Communication et de la Connaissance","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0266kfd37"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aurélien Delluc","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0227-1245","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03evbwn87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cécile Tromeur","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9161-7521","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Laboratoire des Sciences et Techniques de l’Information de la Communication et de la Connaissance","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0266kfd37"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karine Lacut","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4849-0454","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03evbwn87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gregoire Le Gal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9253-248X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Laboratoire des Sciences et Techniques de l’Information de la Communication et de la Connaissance","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0266kfd37"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dominique Mottier","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Laboratoire des Sciences et Techniques de l’Information de la Communication et de la Connaissance","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0266kfd37"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emmanuel Nowak","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2422-5362","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Laboratoire des Sciences et Techniques de l’Information de la Communication et de la Connaissance","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0266kfd37"}}],"datePublished":"2013-06-22","abstract":"The risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) in young women after a first oestrogen contraception associated VTE episode is unknown. This uncertainty has an impact on the decision whether to stop anticoagulant treatment. Our objective was to assess the risk of recurrent VTE in women after a first VTE episode on oestrogen contraception. This was a prospective cohort study in which we consecutively enrolled between 1992 and 2011 all women under 50years with a first objectively confirmed VTE. The incidence of recurrent VTE during follow-up after stopping anticoagulation was compared between women users and non-users of combined oral contraception (COC) at the time of index VTE. Of the 241 women aged 50 or younger seen for a first VTE and followed-up after stopping anticoagulation, there were 180 COC-users and 61 non-users. Median duration of follow-up off-anticoagulants was 66 months (interquartile range: 33-103). There were 14 recurrences in COC-users and 5 cases in non-users. No significant association was found between exposure to COC and the incidence of recurrent VTE after adjustment for age or after restricting the analysis to major unprovoked VTE: incidence rate of recurrence 17.9/1,000/year (95% CI: 9.6-33.2) in women with COC as compared with 17.6/1,000/year (95% CI: 6.6-47) with an incidence ratio of 0.7 (95% CI: 0.2-2.4, p=0.59). The risk of recurrent VTE is low in young women after a first VTE. However, this risk is not significantly lower in women after a first VTE while exposed to combined oral contraception.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"132","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Thrombosis Research"}}},"pageStart":"51","pageEnd":"55","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.thromres.2013.05.028","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44750683"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.thromres.2013.05.028"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23786893"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44750683"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nutrient-supplementation-improving-male-fertility-fourfold-recacanw55iqhk4yw/","name":"Nutrient supplementation: improving male fertility fourfold","headline":"Nutrient supplementation: improving male fertility fourfold","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nutrient-supplementation-improving-male-fertility-fourfold-recacanw55iqhk4yw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Cesar Mora‐Esteves","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rutgers New Jersey Medical School","sameAs":"https://ror.org/014ye1258"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Shin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9249-9563","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hackensack University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008zj0x80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cesar Mora-Esteves","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5185-7042","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Urology, New Jersey Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey"}}],"datePublished":"2013-06-19","abstract":"Oxidative stress can contribute to impairment in spermatogenesis leading to male-factor infertility. The effectiveness of various antioxidants (such as carnitine, vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium, carotenoids, glutathione, N-acetylcysteine, zinc, folic acid, and coenzyme Q10) is variable with respect to improving semen parameters and pregnancy rates. A recent Cochrane review determined that men taking antioxidants had a statistically significant increase in both live birth rates and pregnancy rates. For those undergoing assisted reproduction, the odds ratio that antioxidant use would improve pregnancy rates was 4.18, with a 4.85-fold improvement in live birth rate also noted. Further investigation with randomized, controlled clinical trials is needed to confirm the safety and efficacy of antioxidant supplementation in the medical management and treatment of male infertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"31","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Seminars in Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"293","pageEnd":"300","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0033-1345277","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38115184"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1055/s-0033-1345277"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23775385"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38115184"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-pilot-feasibility-multicenter-study-of-patients-after-excision-of-endometriosi-rec0gin2tgsgwngt9/","name":"A pilot feasibility multicenter study of patients after excision of  endometriosis","headline":"A pilot feasibility multicenter study of patients after excision of  endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-pilot-feasibility-multicenter-study-of-patients-after-excision-of-endometriosi-rec0gin2tgsgwngt9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Frank Tu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6348-6285"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Krisztina Bajzak","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3354-2230","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04haebc03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Georgine Lamvu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8427-0707","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"AdventHealth Orlando","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02n1cyj49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Peavey","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7555-9103","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duke University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00py81415"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wendy K. Winer"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rob Agnelli","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"SAS Institute (United States)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01093z329"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert Albee"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Olga Guzovsky","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ken Sinervo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Endometriosis Care, Atlanta, GA."}}],"datePublished":"2013-06-08","abstract":"Objective: To serve as a pilot feasibility study for a randomized study of excision versus ablation in the treatment of endometriosis by (1) estimating the magnitude of change in symptoms after excision only at multiple referral centers and (2) determining the proportion of women willing to participate in a randomized trial.\n\nMethods: We performed a multicenter prospective study of women undergoing excision for endometriosis (Canadian Task Force class II-3) at Duke University Center for Endometriosis Research & Treatment (currently the Saint Louis University Center for Endometriosis), Center for Endometriosis Care, Northshore University Health System, Memorial University (Canada), and Florida Hospital. The study comprised 100 female patients, aged 18 to 55 years, with endometriosis-suspected pelvic pain. The intervention was laparoscopic excision only of the abnormal peritoneum suspicious for endometriosis. The main outcome measures were quality of life, pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, and bowel and bladder symptoms.\n\nResults: The mean follow-up period was 8.5 months. Excision of endometriosis showed a significant reduction in all pain scores except bowel symptoms, as well as significant improvement in quality of life. Of the patients, 84% were willing to participate in a randomized study.\n\nConclusions: Quality of life is a needed primary outcome for any randomized study comparing excision versus ablation. A multicenter comparative trial is feasible, although quality assurance would have to be addressed. Patients were willing to be randomized even at surgical referral centers.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JSLS : Journal of the Society of Laparoendoscopic Surgeons"}}},"pageStart":"88","pageEnd":"94","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.4293/108680812X13517013317833","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36871428"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4293/108680812X13517013317833"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23743377"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36871428"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-promise-in-the-treatment-of-endometriosis-an-observational-cohort-study-on-ova-rec5njhq7y23419cw/","name":"A promise in the treatment of endometriosis: an observational cohort study on ovarian endometrioma reduction by N-acetylcysteine","headline":"A promise in the treatment of endometriosis: an observational cohort study on ovarian endometrioma reduction by N-acetylcysteine","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-promise-in-the-treatment-of-endometriosis-an-observational-cohort-study-on-ova-rec5njhq7y23419cw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria Grazia Porpora","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5556-3933","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sapienza University of Rome","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02be6w209"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roberto Brunelli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3203-9084","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sapienza University of Rome","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02be6w209"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Graziella Costa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2742-2487","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Istituto di Farmacologia Traslazionale","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ta8pf33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ludovica Imperiale","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9886-6253","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sapienza University of Rome","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02be6w209"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ewa K Krasnowska","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9137-5446","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Istituto di Farmacologia Traslazionale","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ta8pf33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria Grazia Piccioni","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2530-9587","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sapienza University of Rome","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02be6w209"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tiziana Parasassi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9795-0568","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Istituto di Farmacologia Traslazionale","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ta8pf33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas Lundeberg","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sabbatsberg Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dkvrg87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Italo Nofroni","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sapienza University of Rome","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02be6w209"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eugenia Pittaluga","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Istituto di Farmacologia Traslazionale","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ta8pf33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Adele Ticino","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sapienza University of Rome","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02be6w209"}}],"datePublished":"2013-06-06","abstract":"Urged by the unmet medical needs in endometriosis treatment, often with undesirable side effects, and encouraged by N-acetylcysteine (NAC) efficacy in an animal model of endometriosis and by the virtual absence of toxicity of this natural compound, we performed an observational cohort study on ovarian endometriosis. NAC treatment or no treatment was offered to 92 consecutive Italian women referred to our university hospital with ultrasound confirmed diagnosis of ovarian endometriosis and scheduled to undergo laparoscopy 3 months later. According to patients acceptance or refusal, NAC-treated and untreated groups finally comprised 73 and 72 endometriomas, respectively. After 3 months, within NAC-treated patients cyst mean diameter was slightly reduced (-1.5 mm) versus a significant increase (+6.6 mm) in untreated patients (P = 0.001). Particularly, during NAC treatment, more cysts reduced and fewer cysts increased their size. Our results are better than those reported after hormonal treatments. Twenty-four NAC-treated patients-versus 1 within controls-cancelled scheduled laparoscopy due to cysts decrease/disappearance and/or relevant pain reduction (21 cases) or pregnancy (1 case). Eight pregnancies occurred in NAC-treated patients and 6 in untreated patients. We can conclude that NAC actually represents a simple effective treatment for endometriosis, without side effects, and a suitable approach for women desiring a pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2013","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM"}},"pageStart":"240702","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/240702","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36869284"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1155/2013/240702"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23737821"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36869284"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-of-melatonin-in-the-treatment-of-endometriosis-a-phase-ii-randomized-do-fx9ehnmc/","name":"Efficacy of melatonin in the treatment of endometriosis: a phase II, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","headline":"Efficacy of melatonin in the treatment of endometriosis: a phase II, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-of-melatonin-in-the-treatment-of-endometriosis-a-phase-ii-randomized-do-fx9ehnmc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Schwertner A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Conceição Dos Santos CC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gloria Dalla Costa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8761-9337","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Deitos A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"de Souza IC","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6117-1810"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Torres IL","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3081-115X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"da Cunha Filho JS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Caumo W","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5083-4658"}],"datePublished":"2013-06-01","abstract":"Endometriosis-associated chronic pelvic pain (EACPP) presents with an intense inflammatory reaction. Melatonin has emerged as an important analgesic, antioxidant, and antiinflammatory agent. This trial investigates the effects of melatonin compared with a placebo on EACPP, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) level, and sleep quality. Forty females, aged 18 to 45 years, were randomized into the placebo (n = 20) or melatonin (10 mg) (n = 20) treatment groups for a period of 8 weeks. There was a significant interaction (time vs group) regarding the main outcomes of the pain scores as indexed by the visual analogue scale on daily pain, dysmenorrhea, dysuria, and dyschezia (analysis of variance, P < 0.01 for all analyses). Post hoc analysis showed that compared with placebo, the treatment reduced daily pain scores by 39.80% (95% confidence interval [CI] 12.88-43.01%) and dysmenorrhea by 38.01% (95% CI 15.96-49.15%). Melatonin improved sleep quality, reduced the risk of using an analgesic by 80%, and reduced BNDF levels independently of its effect on pain. This study provides additional evidence regarding the analgesic effects of melatonin on EACPP and melatonin's ability to improve sleep quality. Additionally, the study revealed that melatonin modulates the secretion of BDNF and pain through distinct mechanisms.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"154","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Pain"}}},"pageStart":"874","pageEnd":"81","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2013.02.025","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34036421"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.pain.2013.02.025"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23602498"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34036421"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/premenstrual-dysphoric-disorder-and-severe-premenstrual-syndrome-in-adolescents-qkmd8gir/","name":"Premenstrual dysphoric disorder and severe premenstrual syndrome in adolescents","headline":"Premenstrual dysphoric disorder and severe premenstrual syndrome in adolescents","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/premenstrual-dysphoric-disorder-and-severe-premenstrual-syndrome-in-adolescents-qkmd8gir/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A J Rapkin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3254-8671","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Augusta University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012mef835"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mikacich JA"}],"datePublished":"2013-06-01","abstract":"Numerous epidemiologic studies have demonstrated that premenstrual disorders (PMDs) begin during the teenage years. At least 20 % of adolescents experience moderate-to-severe premenstrual symptoms associated with functional impairment. Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) consists of physical and/or psychological premenstrual symptoms that interfere with functioning. Symptoms are triggered by ovulation and resolve within the first few days of menses. The prevalence of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), a severe form of PMS accompanied by affective symptoms, is likely equal to or higher than in adults. The diagnosis of a PMD requires a medical and psychological history and physical examination but it is the daily prospective charting of bothersome symptoms for two menstrual cycles that will clearly determine if the symptoms are related to a PMD or to another underlying medical or psychiatric diagnosis. The number and type of symptoms are less important than the timing. Randomized controlled trials of pharmacologic treatments in teens with moderate-to-severe PMS and PMDD have yet to be performed. However, clinical experience suggests that treatments that are effective for adults can be used in adolescents. PMS can be ameliorated by education about the nature of the disorder, improving calcium intake, performing exercise and reducing stress, but to treat severe PMS or PMDD pharmacologic therapy is usually required. Eliminating ovulation with certain hormonal contraceptive formulations or gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists will be discussed. Serotonergic agonists are a first-line therapy for adults, and some serotonin reuptake inhibitors such as fluoxetine and escitalopram can be administered safely to teens.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Paediatric drugs"}}},"pageStart":"191","pageEnd":"202","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s40272-013-0018-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38093136"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s40272-013-0018-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23529867"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38093136"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-factors-associated-with-endometriosis-importance-of-study-population-for-ch-reczxhj4r9mhad3rk/","name":"Risk factors associated with endometriosis: importance of study population for characterizing disease in the ENDO Study","headline":"Risk factors associated with endometriosis: importance of study population for characterizing disease in the ENDO Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-factors-associated-with-endometriosis-importance-of-study-population-for-ch-reczxhj4r9mhad3rk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C Matthew Peterson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4644-602X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Erica Johnstone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3382-3500","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ahmad Hammoud","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7581-9024","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael W Varner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9455-3973","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anne Kennedy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1690-8086","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhian Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6423-105X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lei Sun","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5260-0600","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Germaine M Buck Louis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1774-4490","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Buck Louis GM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"ENDO Study Working Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Victor Y Fujimoto","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary L Hediger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}}],"datePublished":"2013-06-01","abstract":"Objective: We sought to identify risk factors for endometriosis and their consistency across study populations in the Endometriosis: Natural History, Diagnosis, and Outcomes (ENDO) Study.\n\nStudy Design: In this prospective matched, exposure cohort design, 495 women aged 18-44 years undergoing pelvic surgery (exposed to surgery, operative cohort) were compared to an ageand residence-matched population cohort of 131 women (unexposed to surgery, population cohort). Endometriosis was diagnosed visually at laparoscopy/laparotomy or by pelvic magnetic resonance imaging in the operative and population cohorts, respectively. Logistic regression estimated the adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each cohort.\n\nResults: The incidence of visualized endometriosis was 40% in the operative cohort (11.8% stage 3-4 by revised criteria from the American Society for Reproductive Medicine), and 11% stage 3-4 in the population cohort by magnetic resonance imaging. An infertility history increased the odds of an endometriosis diagnosis in both the operative (AOR, 2.43; 95% CI, 1.57-3.76) and population (AOR, 7.91; 95% CI, 1.69-37.2) cohorts. In the operative cohort only, dysmenorrhea (AOR, 2.46; 95% CI, 1.28-4.72) and pelvic pain (AOR, 3.67; 95% CI, 2.44-5.50) increased the odds of diagnosis, while gravidity (AOR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.32-0.75), parity (AOR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.28-0.64), and body mass index (AOR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.93-0.98) decreased the odds of diagnosis. In all sensitivity analyses for different diagnostic subgroups, infertility history remained a strong risk factor.\n\nConclusion: An infertility history was a consistent risk factor for endometriosis in both the operative and population cohorts of the ENDO Study. Additionally, identified risk factors for endometriosis vary based upon cohort selection and diagnostic accuracy. Finally, endometriosis in the population may be more common than recognized.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"208","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American journal of obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"451.e1-451.e4511","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2013.02.040","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33965258"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ajog.2013.02.040"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23454253"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33965258"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/congenital-malformations-associated-with-assisted-reproductive-technology-a-cali-xwbb0ygs/","name":"Congenital malformations associated with assisted reproductive technology: A California statewide analysis","headline":"Congenital malformations associated with assisted reproductive technology: A California statewide analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/congenital-malformations-associated-with-assisted-reproductive-technology-a-cali-xwbb0ygs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kelley-Quon LI"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tseng CH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Janzen C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shew SB"}],"datePublished":"2013-06-01","abstract":"Background: Management of congenital malformations comprises a large part of pediatric surgical care. Despite increasing utilization of assisted reproductive technology (ART) and fertility-related services (FRS), associations with birth defects are poorly understood.\n\nMethods: Infants born after ART or FRS were identified from the California Linked Birth Cohort Dataset from 2006 to 2007 and compared to propensity matched infants conceived naturally. Factors associated with major congenital malformations were evaluated using Firth logistic regression.\n\nResults: With a cohort of 4,795 infants born after ART and 46,025 naturally conceived matched controls, major congenital malformations were identified in 3,463 infants. Malformations were increased for ART infants (9.0% vs. 6.6%, p<0.001). After adjusting for infant and maternal factors, ART infants exhibited increased odds of major malformations overall (OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.12-1.39), specifically defects of the eye (OR 1.81, 95% CI 1.04-3.16), head and neck (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.00-1.86), heart (OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.22-1.64), and genitourinary system (OR 1.40, 95% CI 1.09-1.82). The likelihood of birth defects was increased for multiples (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.18-1.54) and not singletons. Odds of congenital malformation after FRS alone (n=1,749) were non-significant.\n\nConclusion: ART contributes a significant risk of congenital malformation and may be more pronounced for multiples. Accurate counseling for parents considering ART and multidisciplinary coordination of care prior to delivery are warranted.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"48","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Pediatric Surgery"}}},"pageStart":"1218","pageEnd":"1224","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2013.03.017","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46014488"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2013.03.017"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46014488"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/calcium-and-vitamin-d-intake-and-mortality-results-from-the-canadian-multicentre-recsllek0fjna2lyz/","name":"Calcium and vitamin D intake and mortality: results from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos)","headline":"Calcium and vitamin D intake and mortality: results from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/calcium-and-vitamin-d-intake-and-mortality-results-from-the-canadian-multicentre-recsllek0fjna2lyz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Lisa Langsetmo, Claudie Berger, Nancy Kreiger, Christopher S Kovacs, David A Hanley, Sophie A Jamal, Susan J Whiting, Jacques Genest, Suzanne N Morin, Anthony Hodsman, Jerilynn C Prior, Brian Lentle, Millan S Patel, Jacques P Brown, Tassos Anastasiades, Tanveer Towheed, Robert G Josse, Alexandra Papaioannou, Jonathan D Adachi, William D Leslie, K Shawn Davison, David Goltzman"}],"datePublished":"2013-05-23","abstract":"Context: Calcium and vitamin D are recommended for bone health, but there are concerns about adverse risks. Some clinical studies suggest that calcium intake may be cardioprotective, whereas others report increased risk associated with calcium supplements. Both low and high serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D have been associated with increased mortality.\n\nObjective: The purpose of this study was to determine the association between total calcium and vitamin D intake and mortality and heterogeneity by source of intake.\n\nDesign: The Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study cohort is a population-based longitudinal cohort with a 10-year follow-up (1995-2007).\n\nSetting: This study included randomly selected community-dwelling men and women.\n\nParticipants: A total of 9033 participants with nonmissing calcium and vitamin D intake data and follow-up were studied.\n\nExposure: Total calcium intake (dairy, nondairy food, and supplements) and total vitamin D intake (milk, yogurt, and supplements) were recorded.\n\nOutcome: The outcome variable was all-cause mortality.\n\nResults: There were 1160 deaths during the 10-year period. For women only, we found a possible benefit of higher total calcium intake, with a hazard ratio of 0.95 (95% confidence interval, 0.89-1.01) per 500-mg increase in daily calcium intake and no evidence of heterogeneity by source; use of calcium supplements was also associated with reduced mortality, with hazard ratio of 0.78 (95% confidence interval, 0.66-0.92) for users vs nonusers with statistically significant reductions remaining among those with doses up to 1000 mg/d. These associations were not modified by levels of concurrent vitamin D intake. No definitive associations were found among men.\n\nConclusions: Calcium supplements, up to 1000 mg/d, and increased dietary intake of calcium may be associated with reduced risk of mortality in women. We found no evidence of mortality benefit or harm associated with vitamin D intake.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"98","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"}}},"pageStart":"3010","pageEnd":"3018","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2013-1516","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37395875"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jc.2013-1516"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23703722"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37395875"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-dysmenorrhoea-and-diet-rechwgb1rtdh53x76/","name":"Endometriosis, dysmenorrhoea and diet","headline":"Endometriosis, dysmenorrhoea and diet","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-dysmenorrhoea-and-diet-rechwgb1rtdh53x76/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"U B Knudsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0589-021X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aarhus University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040r8fr65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shana Hansen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4664-8331","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brooke Army Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00m1mwc36"}}],"datePublished":"2013-05-07","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To review the literature on the effects of diet on endometriosis and dysmenorrhoea.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: A systematic search for trials investigating a relationship between diet and endometriosis/dysmenorrhoea was undertaken, and 23 studies were included in this review.\n\nRESULTS: Data on the relationship between diet and endometriosis were limited to 12 trials, three of which were animal studies, resulting in a total of 74,708 women. One large study (n=70,709) found a relatively strong association between endometriosis and trans-fatty acid consumption, and a lower risk of endometriosis with increased consumption of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids. The latter finding was also supported by smaller studies. No further dietary recommendations for reducing the risk of endometriosis were possible, and results for intake of vegetable, fibre and fruit were equivocal. The relationship between diet and dysmenorrhoea was investigated in 11 trials with different designs, including a total of 1433 women. Intake of fish oil seemed to reduce dysmenorrhoea.\n\nCONCLUSION: The literature on endometriosis and dysmenorrhoea in relation to diet is sparse, yielding equivocal results on specific elements. Overall, however, the literature suggests that specific types of dietary fats are associated with endometriosis and/or dysmenorrhoea, thereby indicating that there may be modifiable risk factors. Further research is recommended on both subjects.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"169","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology"}}},"pageStart":"162","pageEnd":"171","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2013.03.028","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38104080"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ejogrb.2013.03.028"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23642910"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38104080"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/acog-committee-opinion-no-557-management-of-acute-abnormal-uterine-bleeding-in-n-recvitpufa2v21ce6/","name":"ACOG committee opinion no. 557: Management of acute abnormal uterine bleeding in  nonpregnant reproductive-aged women","headline":"ACOG committee opinion no. 557: Management of acute abnormal uterine bleeding in  nonpregnant reproductive-aged women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/acog-committee-opinion-no-557-management-of-acute-abnormal-uterine-bleeding-in-n-recvitpufa2v21ce6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"ACOG","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7450-1543","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen"}}],"datePublished":"2013-05-03","abstract":"Initial evaluation of the patient with acute abnormal uterine bleeding should include a prompt assessment for signs of hypovolemia and potential hemodynamic instability. After initial assessment and stabilization, the etiologies of acute abnormal uterine bleeding should be classified using the PALM-COEIN system. Medical management should be the initial treatment for most patients, if clinically appropriate. Options include intravenous conjugated equine estrogen, multi-dose regimens of combined oral contraceptives or oral progestins, and tranexamic acid. Decisions should be based on the patient's medical history and contraindications to therapies. Surgical management should be considered for patients who are not clinically stable, are not suitable for medical management, or have failed to respond appropriately to medical management. The choice of surgical management should be based on the patient's underlying medical conditions, underlying pathology, and desire for future fertility. Once the acute bleeding episode has been controlled, transitioning the patient to long-term maintenance therapy is recommended.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"121","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"891","pageEnd":"896","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/01.AOG.0000428646.67925.9a","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39426770"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/01.AOG.0000428646.67925.9a"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23635706"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39426770"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-progestin-only-contraceptive-medroxyprogesterone-acetate-but-not-norethisterone-acetate-enhances-hiv-1-vpr-mediated-apoptosis-in-human-cd4-t-cells-through-the-glucocorticoid-receptor-rec0kbxyzqdvjbj2c/","name":"The progestin-only contraceptive medroxyprogesterone acetate, but not norethisterone acetate, enhances HIV-1 Vpr-mediated apoptosis in human CD4+ T cells through the glucocorticoid receptor","headline":"The progestin-only contraceptive medroxyprogesterone acetate, but not norethisterone acetate, enhances HIV-1 Vpr-mediated apoptosis in human CD4+ T cells through the glucocorticoid receptor","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-progestin-only-contraceptive-medroxyprogesterone-acetate-but-not-norethisterone-acetate-enhances-hiv-1-vpr-mediated-apoptosis-in-human-cd4-t-cells-through-the-glucocorticoid-receptor-rec0kbxyzqdvjbj2c/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Michele Tomasicchio","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2421-7215","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Molecular and Cell Biology University of Cape Town Rondebosch South Africa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03p74gp79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chanel Avenant","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0216-1575","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Cape Town","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03p74gp79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roslyn M Ray","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4462-8532","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Cape Town","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03p74gp79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Janet P Hapgood","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4414-4861","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Molecular and Cell Biology University of Cape Town Rondebosch South Africa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03p74gp79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrea Du Toit","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7100-6288","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Cape Town","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03p74gp79"}}],"datePublished":"2013-05-03","abstract":"The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) regulates several physiological functions, including immune function and apoptosis. The HIV-1 virus accessory protein, viral protein R (Vpr), can modulate the transcriptional response of the GR. Glucocorticoids (GCs) and Vpr have been reported to induce apoptosis in various cells, including T-cells. We have previously shown that the injectable contraceptive, medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) is a partial to full agonist for the GR, unlike norethisterone acetate (NET-A). We investigated the functional cross talk between the GR and Vpr in inducing apoptosis in CD4(+) T-cells, in the absence and presence of GCs and these progestins, as well as progesterone. By using flow cytometry, we show that, in contrast to NET-A and progesterone, the synthetic GR ligand dexamethasone (Dex), cortisol and MPA induce apoptosis in primary CD4(+) T-cells. Furthermore, the C-terminal part of the Vpr peptide, or HIV-1 pseudovirus, together with Dex or MPA further increased the apoptotic phenotype, unlike NET-A and progesterone. By a combination of Western blotting, PCR and the use of receptorselective agonists, we provide evidence that the GR and the estrogen receptor are the only steroid receptors expressed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. These results, together with the findings that RU486, a GR antagonist, prevents Dex-, MPAand Vpr-mediated apoptosis, provide evidence for the first time that GR agonists or partial agonists increase apoptosis in primary CD4(+) T-cells via the GR. We show that apoptotic induction involves differential expression of key apoptotic genes by both Vpr and GCs/MPA. This work suggests that contraceptive doses of MPA but not NET-A or physiological doses of progesterone could potentially accelerate depletion of CD4(+) T-cells in a GR-dependent fashion in HIV-1 positive women, thereby contributing to immunodeficiency. The results imply that choice of progestin used in contraception may be critical to susceptibility and progression of diseases such as HIV-1.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"PLoS One"}}},"pageStart":"e62895","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0062895","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34712821"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1371/journal.pone.0062895"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23658782"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34712821"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/longterm-followup-of-children-conceived-through-assisted-reproductive-technology-bras3ckr/","name":"Long-term follow-up of children conceived through assisted reproductive technology","headline":"Long-term follow-up of children conceived through assisted reproductive technology","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/longterm-followup-of-children-conceived-through-assisted-reproductive-technology-bras3ckr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lu YH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Naiqi Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5396-2313","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Qilu University of Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04hyzq608"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fan Jin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8949-2002","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042t7yh44"}}],"datePublished":"2013-05-01","abstract":"Children conceived via assisted reproductive technologies (ART) are nowadays a substantial proportion of the population. It is important to follow up these children and evaluate whether they have elevated health risks compared to naturally conceived (NC) children. In recent years there has been a lot of work in this field. This review will summarize what is known about the health of ART-conceived children, encompassing neonatal outcomes, birth defects, growth and gonadal developments, physical health, neurological and neurodevelopmental outcomes, psychosocial developments, risk for cancer, and epigenetic abnormalities. Most of the children conceived after ART are normal. However, there is increasing evidence that ART-conceived children are at higher risk of poor perinatal outcome, birth defects, and epigenetic disorders, and the mechanism(s) leading to these changes have not been elucidated. Continuous follow-up of children after ART is of great importance as they progress through adolescence into adulthood, and new ART techniques are constantly being introduced.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE B"}}},"pageStart":"359","pageEnd":"371","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.b1200348","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1631/jzus.b1200348"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23645173"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-clomiphene-citrate-in-the-university-of-utah-community-clinics-recwbkfy9yztvfwba/","name":"Use of clomiphene citrate in the University of Utah Community Clinics","headline":"Use of clomiphene citrate in the University of Utah Community Clinics","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-clomiphene-citrate-in-the-university-of-utah-community-clinics-recwbkfy9yztvfwba/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Birdsall E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brixner DI"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mark Gibson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0657-5166","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Vermont","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0155zta11"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jared C Martin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2013-05-01","abstract":"Objective: To determine patterns of usage of clomiphene citrate (CC) by primary care providers (obstetrician-gynecologists, family physicians, and other providers) within University of Utah Community Clinics.\n\nStudy Design: We performed a retrospective chart review (n = 79) and followup telephone survey of patients (n = 43) who were prescribed CC in the University of Utah Community Clinics in 2006.\n\nResults: Most women who were prescribed CC had appropriate indications for therapy (65% with a diagnosis related to irregular menses and 33% with a diagnosis of female infertility), but there was variable and inconsistent monitoring of ovulation (much of which was apparently initiated by the patients). In the interview, 24 of the women (56%) said they would be fine having twins, and 14 (33%) said they would prefer to have twins if possible.\n\nConclusion: In this primary care setting, clomiphene was prescribed for appropriate indications, but the monitoring of treatment could be improved. The preference of some patients for twin gestations represents a challenge for optimum clinical care and public health.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"58","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5-6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of reproductive medicine"}}},"pageStart":"229","pageEnd":"233","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-fertility-treatments-in-relation-to-the-duration-of-pregnancy-attempt-amo-reccpogu8wfp4juu9/","name":"Use of fertility treatments in relation to the duration of pregnancy attempt among women who were trying to become pregnant and experienced a live birth","headline":"Use of fertility treatments in relation to the duration of pregnancy attempt among women who were trying to become pregnant and experienced a live birth","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-fertility-treatments-in-relation-to-the-duration-of-pregnancy-attempt-amo-reccpogu8wfp4juu9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Christina A Porucznik","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1973-2917","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Baksh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8047-3622","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Utah Department of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/034de1n65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jessica N Sanders","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4487-1997","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S E Simonsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-7671","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2013-04-16","abstract":"The purpose of this study was to compare the utilization of medical help for fertility among women who reported up to a year versus more than a year of trying to become pregnant and to describe the characteristics of those women seeking early treatment. Data from the 2004-2008 Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) survey were used to assess attempt duration and use of fertility treatments in a sample of 9,517 women who had a recent live birth in Utah. PRAMS respondents who were trying to become pregnant at the time of conception were asked questions about fertility treatments (sampling n = 5,238; representative n = 153,036). Univariate and bivariate analyses were used to describe and compare characteristics of women who sought treatment after attempting pregnancy for a year or less and women who waited at least a year to seek treatment. Among women who were trying to become pregnant, 9.5 % reported using some medical assistance to conceive. Among the women trying to become pregnant, 89.3 % had been trying for ≤12 months and 10.7 % reported having tried >12 months. 5.2 % of those trying to become pregnant for up to a year reported use of fertility treatment, compared with 45.8 % of those trying for a year or more. Women who had previous live births were significantly more likely to use early treatment than nulliparous women (aOR = 2.4, 95 % CI = 1.5, 3.9). The use of fertility drugs and other treatments were more common than ART among recipients of early treatment (aOR = 3.7, 95 % CI = 1.7, 7.9). Some women may be receiving fertility treatment before it is clinically indicated. Instead of invasive treatment, these women may benefit from preconception counseling on folic acid, healthy prepregnancy weight and use of ovulation monitoring to time intercourse.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Maternal and Child Health Journal"}}},"pageStart":"258","pageEnd":"267","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-013-1262-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60465515"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s10995-013-1262-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23584927"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q60465515"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/weight-change-at-12-months-in-users-of-three-progestin-only-contraceptive-method-recnyuyptvatcxbzp/","name":"Weight change at 12 months in users of three progestin-only contraceptive  methods","headline":"Weight change at 12 months in users of three progestin-only contraceptive  methods","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/weight-change-at-12-months-in-users-of-three-progestin-only-contraceptive-method-recnyuyptvatcxbzp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Tessa Madden","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9455-1943","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Washington University in St. Louis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qiuhong Zhao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8334-2580","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tennessee Health Science Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0011qv509"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jenifer E Allsworth","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6559-8638","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Washington University in St. Louis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jeffrey F Peipert","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8546-1943","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Washington University in St. Louis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gina M Secura","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Washington University in St. Louis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zevidah Vickery","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sacred Heart Medical Center at RiverBend","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02eyfd807"}}],"datePublished":"2013-04-16","abstract":"Background: Concerns about weight gain may influence contraceptive use. We compared the change in body weight over the first 12 months of use between women using the etonogestrel (ENG) implant, the levonorgestrel intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) or depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) with women using the copper intrauterine device (IUD).\n\nStudy Design: This was a substudy of the Contraceptive CHOICE Project, a prospective cohort study of 9256 women provided no-cost contraception. Women who had been using the ENG implant, LNG-IUS, DMPA or copper IUD continuously for at least 11 months were eligible for participation. We obtained body weight at enrollment and at 12 months and compared the weight change for each progestin-only method to the copper IUD.\n\nResults: We enrolled a total of 427 women: 130 ENG implant users, 130 LNG-IUS users, 67 DMPA users and 100 copper IUD users. The mean weight change (in kilograms) over 12 months was 2.1 for ENG implant users [standard deviation (SD)=6.7]; 1.0 for LNG-IUS users (SD=5.3); 2.2 for DMPA users (SD=4.9) and 0.2 for copper IUD users (SD=5.1). The range of weight change was broad across all contraceptive methods. In the unadjusted linear regression model, ENG implant and DMPA use were associated with weight gain compared to the copper IUD. However, in the adjusted model, no difference in weight gain with the ENG implant, LNG-IUS or DMPA was observed. Only Black race was associated with significant weight gain (1.3 kg, 95% confidence interval=0.2-2.4) when compared to other racial groups.\n\nConclusions: Weight change was variable among women using progestin-only contraceptives. Black race was a significant predictor of weight gain among contraceptive users.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"88","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"503","pageEnd":"508","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2013.03.004","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37633761"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.contraception.2013.03.004"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23582238"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37633761"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-therapy-in-women-with-epilepsy-rec8exl9rqmzvgdf5/","name":"Progesterone therapy in women with epilepsy","headline":"Progesterone therapy in women with epilepsy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-therapy-in-women-with-epilepsy-rec8exl9rqmzvgdf5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Golba","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2600-8639","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kettering College"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zofia Ostrowska","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4301-2429","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical University of Silesia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/005k7hp45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arkadiusz Steposz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5683-8211","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical University of Silesia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/005k7hp45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jarogniew J. Łuszczki","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3059-0393","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical University of Lublin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016f61126"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stanisław J Czuczwar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2879-9945","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical University of Lublin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016f61126"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Władysław Lasoń","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9640-2159","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Polish Academy of Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dr6c206"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maciej Huc","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical University of Silesia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/005k7hp45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Justyna Kotas-Rusnak","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Polska Grupa Energetyczna (Poland)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01nzeya05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ewa Motta","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9056-3365","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Silesia in Katowice","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0104rcc94"}}],"datePublished":"2013-04-09","abstract":"Background: Progesterone with its anti-seizure effect plays a role in the pathophysiology of catamenial epilepsy which affects 31-60% of epileptic women. In this study, an attempt to treat women suffering from catamenial epilepsy with progesterone, as an adjuvant drug, was made.\n\nMethods: The treatment was given to 36 women aged 20-40 years (mean age: 30.75±6.05) with seizures in the entire second half of the menstrual cycle, who were found to have low serum levels of progesterone on days 22, 27, 28 of the cycle in comparison with a control group of healthy women. The patients were administered progesterone in a daily dose of 50 mg on days 16-25 of each cycle. The serum levels of antiepileptic drugs were assayed. The period of progesterone therapy ranged from 3 to 45 months (17.7 on average).\n\nResults: Three patients were free of secondary generalized seizures, and one--of simple partial seizures. A decline in the frequency of primary and secondary generalized seizures by 20-96% (55.9% on average) was accomplished in 18 patients (primary generalized by 20-96%--54.7% on average, and secondarily generalized by 38-85%--59% on average). A decline in the frequency of complex partial seizures by 38-87% (63.1% on average) was achieved in 15 women. In 1 patient, the frequency of myoclonic seizures decreased by 46%. There was no improvement in 5 women (3 patients with generalized, 1 with complex partial and 1 with simple partial seizures). An exacerbation of seizure frequency occurred in 5 patients. Adverse effects were not found in any of the subjects. The average concentrations of antiepileptic drugs during hormonal therapy were in the therapeutic range.\n\nConclusion: Progesterone combined with antiepileptic therapy was well tolerated and resulted in a significant reduction of seizure frequency in majority of patients with catamenial epilepsy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"65","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Pharmacological Reports : PR"}}},"pageStart":"89","pageEnd":"98","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s1734-1140(13)70967-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q86551224"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s1734-1140(13)70967-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23563027"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q86551224"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hfea-fertility-trends-and-figures-2011-xc6ww05l/","name":"HFEA Fertility Trends and Figures 2011","headline":"HFEA Fertility Trends and Figures 2011","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hfea-fertility-trends-and-figures-2011-xc6ww05l/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority"}],"datePublished":"2013-04-01","abstract":"HFEA annual statistical release presenting information about cycles started in 2010 and 2011, with longer-term trends back to 1991. Includes tables on IVF/ICSI cycles, donor insemination, multiple birth rates from 2009 and 2010, age-stratified live birth rates per cycle started, and patient demographics. The HFEA Register, established under the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 1990, contains records of every licensed fertility treatment in the UK since 1991. The 2011 report supersedes earlier annual statistical releases by HFEA covering treatment years up through 2010.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"HFEA Statistical Releases"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/an-exploratory-dimensional-approach-to-premenstrual-manifestation-of-obsessiveco-xdszx1rv/","name":"An exploratory dimensional approach to premenstrual manifestation of obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms: a multicentre study","headline":"An exploratory dimensional approach to premenstrual manifestation of obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms: a multicentre study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/an-exploratory-dimensional-approach-to-premenstrual-manifestation-of-obsessiveco-xdszx1rv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Moreira L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bins H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Toressan R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ferro C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Harttmann T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Petribú K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Juruena MF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"do Rosário MC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ferrão YA"}],"datePublished":"2013-04-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: In women with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), symptom severity appears to fluctuate over the course of the menstrual cycle. The objective of this paper was to compare female OCD patients with and without premenstrual worsening of obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS), in terms of the clinical characteristics of OCD.\n\nMETHODS: This was a cross-sectional study involving 455 women with OCD, of whom 226 (49.7%) had experienced premenstrual OCS worsening and 229 (50.3%) had not (PMOCS-worse and PMOCS-same groups, respectively). Data were collected with the original and dimensional versions of the Yale-Brown obsessive-compulsive scale, as well as with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Beck anxiety inventory (BAI).\n\nRESULTS: We found significant differences between the PMOCS-same and PMOCS-worse groups, the latter showing a higher frequency of suicidal ideation (P<.001), suicide attempts (P=.027), current use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (P=.022), lifetime use of mood stabilisers (P=.015), and sexual/religious obsessions (P<.001; OR=1.90), as well as higher scores on the BDI (P<.001) and BAI (P<.001).\n\nCONCLUSION: Underscoring the fact that OCD is a heterogeneous disorder, there appears to be a subgroup of female OCD patients in whom the premenstrual period is associated with a higher frequency of sexual/religious obsessions, depression, anxiety, and suicidality. This might be attributable to hormonal fluctuations. Further studies are warranted in order to investigate this hypothesis by evaluating such patients at different phases of the menstrual cycle, as well as measuring hormonal levels.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"74","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of psychosomatic research"}}},"pageStart":"313","pageEnd":"9","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2012.12.004","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48497343"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jpsychores.2012.12.004"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23497833"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q48497343"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/2013-hop9wxf8/","name":"Long-Term Effects of Hysterectomy: A Focus on the Aging Patient","headline":"Long-Term Effects of Hysterectomy: A Focus on the Aging Patient","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/2013-hop9wxf8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Forsgren C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Altman D"}],"datePublished":"2013-04-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Aging Health"}}},"pageStart":"179","pageEnd":"187","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.2217/ahe.13.7","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2217/ahe.13.7"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/characteristics-of-perimenstrual-asthma-and-its-relation-to-asthma-severity-and--pwm4uiw1/","name":"Characteristics of perimenstrual asthma and its relation to asthma severity and control: data from the Severe Asthma Research Program","headline":"Characteristics of perimenstrual asthma and its relation to asthma severity and control: data from the Severe Asthma Research Program","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/characteristics-of-perimenstrual-asthma-and-its-relation-to-asthma-severity-and--pwm4uiw1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rao CK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Moore CG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bleecker E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Busse WW"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Calhoun W"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mario Castro","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Kansas","sameAs":"https://ror.org/001tmjg57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chung KF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Erzurum SC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Israel E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Curran-Everett D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wenzel SE"}],"datePublished":"2013-04-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Although perimenstrual asthma (PMA) has been associated with severe and difficult-to-control asthma, it remains poorly characterized and understood. The objectives of this study were to identify clinical, demographic, and inflammatory factors associated with PMA and to assess the association of PMA with asthma severity and control.\n\nMETHODS: Women with asthma recruited to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Severe Asthma Research Program who reported PMA symptoms on a screening questionnaire were analyzed in relation to basic demographics, clinical questionnaire data, immunoinflammatory markers, and physiologic parameters. Univariate comparisons between PMA and non-PMA groups were performed. A severity-adjusted model predicting PMA was created. Additional models addressed the role of PMA in asthma control.\n\nRESULTS: Self-identified PMA was reported in 17% of the subjects (n = 92) and associated with higher BMI, lower FVC % predicted, and higher gastroesophageal reflux disease rates. Fifty-two percent of the PMA group met criteria for severe asthma compared with 30% of the non-PMA group. In multivariable analyses controlling for severity, aspirin sensitivity and lower FVC % predicted were associated with the presence of PMA. Furthermore, after controlling for severity and confounders, PMA remained associated with more asthma symptoms and urgent health-care utilization.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: PMA is common in women with severe asthma and associated with poorly controlled disease. Aspirin sensitivity and lower FVC % predicted are associated with PMA after adjusting for multiple factors, suggesting that alterations in prostaglandins may contribute to this phenotype.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"143","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Chest"}}},"pageStart":"984","pageEnd":"992","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.12-0973","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30620652"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1378/chest.12-0973"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23632943"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q30620652"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/what-is-the-true-prevalence-of-infertility-recnaxkgavacxzqyk/","name":"What is the true prevalence of infertility?","headline":"What is the true prevalence of infertility?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/what-is-the-true-prevalence-of-infertility-recnaxkgavacxzqyk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2013-04-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"99","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1201","pageEnd":"1202","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.12.006","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q85891248"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.12.006"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23312220"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q85891248"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/desiccated-thyroid-extract-compared-with-levothyroxine-in-the-treatment-of-hypot-recxbxxgyp5aanesp/","name":"Desiccated thyroid extract compared with levothyroxine in the treatment of hypothyroidism: a randomized, double-blind, crossover study","headline":"Desiccated thyroid extract compared with levothyroxine in the treatment of hypothyroidism: a randomized, double-blind, crossover study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/desiccated-thyroid-extract-compared-with-levothyroxine-in-the-treatment-of-hypot-recxbxxgyp5aanesp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thanh D Hoang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7437-5604","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Walter Reed National Military Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/025cem651"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cara Olsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2734-4511","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04r3kq386"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mohamed K M Shakir","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5614-6402","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Walter Reed National Military Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/025cem651"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick W Clyde","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Walter Reed National Military Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/025cem651"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vinh Q Mai","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Walter Reed National Military Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/025cem651"}}],"datePublished":"2013-03-30","abstract":"CONTEXT: Patients previously treated with desiccated thyroid extract (DTE), when being switched to levothyroxine (L-T₄), occasionally did not feel as well despite adequate dosing based on serum TSH levels.\n\nOBJECTIVE: Our objective was to investigate the effectiveness of DTE compared with L-T₄ in hypothyroid patients.\n\nDESIGN AND SETTING: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, crossover study at a tertiary care center.\n\nPATIENTS: Patients (n = 70, age 18-65 years) diagnosed with primary hypothyroidism on a stable dose of L-T₄ for 6 months were included in the study.\n\nINTERVENTION: Patients were randomized to either DTE or L-T₄ for 16 weeks and then crossed over for the same duration.\n\nOUTCOME MEASURES: Biochemical and neurocognitive tests at baseline and at the end of each treatment period were evaluated.\n\nRESULTS: There were no differences in symptoms and neurocognitive measurements between the 2 therapies. Patients lost 3 lb on DTE treatment (172.9 ± 36.4 lb vs 175.7 ± 37.7 lb, P < .001). At the end of the study, 34 patients (48.6%) preferred DTE, 13 (18.6%) preferred L-T₄, and 23 (32.9%) had no preference. In the subgroup analyses, those patients who preferred DTE lost 4 lb during the DTE treatment, and their subjective symptoms were significantly better while taking DTE as measured by the general health questionnaire-12 and thyroid symptom questionnaire (P < .001 for both). Five variables were predictors of preference for DTE.\n\nCONCLUSION: DTE therapy did not result in a significant improvement in quality of life; however, DTE caused modest weight loss and nearly half (48.6%) of the study patients expressed preference for DTE over L-T₄. DTE therapy may be relevant for some hypothyroid patients.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"98","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"1982","pageEnd":"1990","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2012-4107","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48270201"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jc.2012-4107"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23539727"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q48270201"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-and-injectable-contraception-use-and-risk-of-hiv-acquisition-among-women-in-sub-saharan-africa-recqdytuwven9dahj/","name":"Oral and injectable contraception use and risk of HIV acquisition among women in sub-Saharan Africa","headline":"Oral and injectable contraception use and risk of HIV acquisition among women in sub-Saharan Africa","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-and-injectable-contraception-use-and-risk-of-hiv-acquisition-among-women-in-sub-saharan-africa-recqdytuwven9dahj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sandra I McCoy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4764-9195","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Berkeley","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an7q238"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wenjing Zheng","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0105-4487","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Berkeley","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an7q238"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elizabeth Montgomery","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5477-4445"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kelly Blanchard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9691-0700","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ibis Reproductive Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04x1ptk36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ariane van der Straten","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Guy de Bruyn","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8028-4474","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of the Witwatersrand","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rp50x72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nancy Padian","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1046-2287","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"United States Department of State","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vvynj75"}}],"datePublished":"2013-03-27","abstract":"Objective: To evaluate the effect of oral and injectable hormonal contraception on the risk of HIV acquisition among women in South Africa and Zimbabwe.\nDesign: Secondary data analysis of 4913 sexually active women aged 18-49 years followed for up to 24 months in the Methods for Improving Reproductive Health in Africa (MIRA) phase III effectiveness trial of the diaphragm and lubricant gel for HIV prevention.\n\nMethods: Participants were interviewed quarterly about contraception and sexual behavior and were tested for pregnancy, HIV, and other sexually transmitted infections. We used a Cox proportional hazards marginal structural model, weighted by the inverse probability of hormonal contraception use, to compare the risk of HIV acquisition among nonpregnant women reporting use of combined oral contraceptive pills (COC), progestin-only pills (POP), and/or injectable hormonal contraception to women not using these methods.\n\nResults: During the study, 283 participants seroconverted. Use of oral contraceptives (POP or COC) was not associated with HIV risk [adjusted hazard ratio (HRa) = 0.86, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.32, 1.78]. Injectable hormonal contraception was associated with a small nonsignificant risk of HIV infection (HR(a) = 1.34, 95% CI 0.75, 2.37). The effect of injectable hormonal contraception was similar in the unweighted site-adjusted only (HR(a) = 1.32, 95% CI 1.00, 1.74) and baseline factor adjusted models (HR(a) = 1.27, 95% CI 0.94, 1.72).\n\nConclusions: In this study, oral contraceptives were not associated with HIV acquisition. There is substantial uncertainty in the effect of injectable hormonal contraception on HIV risk. These findings underscore the importance of dual protection with condoms and the need for diverse contraceptive options for women at risk of HIV infection.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"27","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"AIDS"}}},"pageStart":"1001","pageEnd":"1009","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0b013e32835da401","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39232370"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/QAD.0b013e32835da401"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23698064"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39232370"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-an-isotonic-lubricant-on-sperm-collection-and-sperm-quality-rec2ws3pol2dvhjet/","name":"Effect of an isotonic lubricant on sperm collection and sperm quality","headline":"Effect of an isotonic lubricant on sperm collection and sperm quality","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-an-isotonic-lubricant-on-sperm-collection-and-sperm-quality-rec2ws3pol2dvhjet/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ashok Agarwal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0900-6383","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cleveland Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xjacd83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Helena Malvezzi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5504-6116","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cleveland Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xjacd83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rakesh Sharma","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4973-7041","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cleveland Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xjacd83"}}],"datePublished":"2013-03-16","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To assess the influence of an isotonic lubricant used during sperm sample collection on [1] ease of collection and [2] resultant sperm quality.\n\nDESIGN: Paired randomized cross-over design.\n\nSETTING: Tertiary hospital.\n\nDONOR(S): Healthy men over 18 years old with normal semen analysis as per World Health Organization 2010 guidelines.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Collection of semen sample from 22 subjects by masturbation with or without the use of Pre-Seed personal lubricant.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Qualitative survey results and quantitative sperm function outcomes were measured to determine resultant sperm quality and collection experience with and without Pre-Seed lubricant.\n\nRESULT(S): The qualitative questionnaire results showed that 73% of donors prefer the semen collection process with the isotonic lubricant and 55% recommended the use of lubricant in their everyday collection. The motility, viability, membrane integrity, levels of reactive oxygen species, total antioxidant capacity, and percentage of DNA damage in collected semen samples were not affected by the use of the lubricant.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): More donors prefer, and find it easier, to collect semen samples with the use of the lubricant. The isotonic lubricant Pre-Seed did not compromise sperm quality as evaluated in an array of sperm assays, suggesting its safe use in fertility patients as required during sperm collection.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"99","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1581","pageEnd":"1586","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.01.116","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44565191"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.01.116"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23490168"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44565191"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/naprotechnology-and-conscientious-obgyn-medicine-rec0wtjd4jewnicft/","name":"NaProTECHNOLOGY and Conscientious OB/GYN Medicine","headline":"NaProTECHNOLOGY and Conscientious OB/GYN Medicine","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/naprotechnology-and-conscientious-obgyn-medicine-rec0wtjd4jewnicft/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"David Parker","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7101-3843"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brooke E Jemelka","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute for Human Reproduction","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Renee Mirkes","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontifical John Paul II Institute for Studies on Marriage and Family","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xphj289"}}],"datePublished":"2013-03-12","abstract":"In the last 50 years, a surge of reproductive technology has revolutionized the practice of obstetrics and gynecology. First, effective hormonal contraceptives were made available to the public in the 1960s and, since their debut, have been used to treat almost every gynecologic abnormality [1]. Second, in the past 30 years, infertility has largely been managed using assisted reproductive technologies (ART), primarily intrauterine insemination (IUI) with recourse to in vitro fertilization (IVF) when insemination fails [2]. As a result, the modus operandi in mainstream gynecology has been to suppress, or to bypass, the woman’s fertility cycle.\nPhysicians and patients who (1) conscientiously object to the therapeutic use of hormonal contraceptives on the grounds that it subjects patients to ineffective treatment of symptoms rather than treating their underlying disease and (2) morally oppose the ART approach to infertility on the grounds that it jettisons a loving act of marital intercourse, the one context worthy of the conception of a new human being, are now able to pursue an alternative approach that accords with their consciences. NaProTECHNOLOGY (an acronym for natural procreative technology) is a woman’s health science that encompasses a unique medical and surgical application of gynecology. The foundation of NPT is the Creighton Model FertilityCare System (CrMS), see Figure 1, the only prospective and standardized means of monitoring the various patterns of a woman’s menstrual and fertility cycle for the natural regulation of fertility.\nFor example, because it views infertility as a symptom rather than a disease, NPT seeks to diagnose and treat the underlying causes of infertility so that the couple can more successfully conceive within their own acts of intercourse, especially during peak-day-focused intercourse. NPT infertility protocols depend on patient-specific charting data. Some observations during the fertility cycle—dry, limited, or continuous mucus; short or variable post-peak phase; premenstrual spotting or tail-end brown bleeding—are external signs of possible underlying disease processes.\nA medical interpretation of these abnormal CrMS observations leads to a targeted biochemical and hormonal evaluation, which in turn identifies target organ dysfunctions: decreased production of estrogenic cervical mucus, intermenstrual bleeding or spotting, short or variable luteal phases, and suboptimal levels of the ovarian hormones (estrogen or progesterone). Common treatments for these pathologies include induction or stimulation of ovulation, medications to enhance cervical mucus, and hormonal support in the luteal phase. When these NPT medical approaches to infertility were used in a study of 1,239 infertile couples, they resulted in a live birth rate similar to that of cohort ART treatments [3].\nIn many cases, medical applications of NPT are sufficient to treat infertility successfully; in other cases, surgical intervention is also required. Surgical NPT is a specialized form of gynecologic surgery the primary aim of which is to reconstruct the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. The ovarian wedge resection (surgical removal of a portion of an enlarged ovary to restore its normal size), for example, is effective in healing polycystic ovaries (contributing to the long-term treatment of some of the endocrine and menstrual cycle abnormalities associated with polycystic ovaries). It also brings the patient a 70 percent chance of pregnancy i.e., it is twice as effective as clomiphene [4].\nA significant benefit of surgical NaProTECHNOLOGY is “near adhesion-free” surgery. One of the biggest pitfalls of surgery, of course, is the formation of postoperative adhesions, which can decrease tubal motility (adversely affecting fertility) and cause small bowel obstructions (that frequently require emergency reoperation) [5]. To prevent these complications, NPT surgical techniques pay meticulous attention to detail, take a systematic approach, and use Gore-Tex adhesion barriers [6]. Published Gore-Tex protocols reveal a statistically significant decrease in subsequent adhesion scores on second-look laparoscopy [7]. For some reason, the use of Gore-Tex has been overlooked in even the most recent adhesion prevention reviews [8]. One even laments that adhesion prevention is a “surprisingly neglected aspect of the treatment of endometriosis,” but the reviewers make no mention of the use of Gore-Tex as an adhesion barrier.\nOther techniques of surgical NPT include laser vaporization and pelvic excision and repair surgery (PEARS) of peritoneal or ovarian endometriosis. PEARS is a form of plastic reconstructive surgery of the pelvis with the primary intent of removing diseased tissue within the pelvic organs and repairing organs in a way that does not form pelvic adhesions. PEARS can entail robot-assisted laparoscopy or laparotomy, minimizing postoperative adhesions and optimizing the patient’s chances for pregnancy.\nThe effectiveness of treating infertility with medical and surgical NPT is comparable to that of ART interventions. The cumulative live birth rate in patients receiving IVF is between 45-55% [10]. In a study population of 1,045 patients treated with NPT infertility protocols, more than 60 percent became pregnant within 24 months and nearly 70 percent within 36 months [11]. The overall �per-woman� NPT pregnancy rate is higher than that of ART due, in part, to the high rate of dropout or discontinuation in patients who undergo IVF treatment [12]. In addition, a meta-analysis comparing conventional surgery and IVF for treatment of endometriosis-related infertility found that the per-woman pregnancy rates with surgery were 55.3 percent while those with IVF were 9.9 percent [13]. However, while it is true patients treated with NPT have significantly lower overall fecundability (a 3.13 percent chance of conceiving within a given period) than those treated with IVF (13.3 percent), it is also true that the number of women who ultimately achieve a pregnancy with NPT is higher than the number who get pregnant using ART [14]. Thus, although achieving a live birth with NPT may take longer, it has a greater chance of occurring than with IVF.\nFor those interested in training in NPT, the Pope Paul VI Institute and Creighton University School of Medicine offer educational programs for those in primary care or ob/gyn (including fourth-year medical students) to train in the medical applications of NaProTECHNOLOGY [15]. They also offer a 1-year fellowship in the surgical applications of NPT for ob/gyns who have completed their residencies [16].","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Virtual Mentor : VM"}}},"pageStart":"213","pageEnd":"219","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1001/virtualmentor.2013.15.3.stas1-1303","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45169373"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/virtualmentor.2013.15.3.stas1-1303"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23472811"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q45169373"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/helicobacter-pylori-seropositivity-in-patients-with-hyperemesis-gravidarum-recfgne16igocsqrn/","name":"Helicobacter pylori seropositivity in patients with hyperemesis gravidarum","headline":"Helicobacter pylori seropositivity in patients with hyperemesis gravidarum","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/helicobacter-pylori-seropositivity-in-patients-with-hyperemesis-gravidarum-recfgne16igocsqrn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mona M Shaban","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology (MMS, HOK, AHE), and Community Medicine (MMS, HOK, AHE), Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hisham Kandil","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cairo University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03q21mh05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arwa Mohamed Hosney El Shafei","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3592-6172","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cairo University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03q21mh05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arwa H Elshafei"}],"datePublished":"2013-03-06","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Nausea and vomiting during pregnancy are the most common conditions affecting pregnancy, occurring in about 80% of all pregnancies and always disappearing on the 16th to 18th weeks of gestation. This may be mild and it does not affect the general condition of the patient (the condition is called emesis gravidarum), or it may be severe enough to affect the patient physically and psychologically, causing intractable vomiting, electrolyte imbalance, weight loss >5%, impairment of liver and kidney functions and dehydration. Helicobacter pylori is one of the most common bacterium affecting humans. It is a gram-negative helix-shaped microaerophilic bacterium transmitted by the oro-oral or feco-oral route. It is more prevalent in developing countries and affects young children. Acute infection manifests as acute gastritis and stomach pain, whereas chronic infection causes chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer, 2% of which may develop into stomach cancer. The authors tried to investigate the association between H pylori infection and hyperemesis gravidarum.\n\nMETHODS: Fifty patients with hyperemesis gravidarum and 50 patients with normal pregnancy were included in the study. H pylori infection was determined using a 1-step H pylori test device (serum/plasma), which is a qualitative membrane-based immunoassay.\n\nRESULTS: Regarding maternal age, gestational age and socioeconomic status, there is no statistical difference between both groups. There is a marked statistical difference between both groups in terms of Helicobacter pylori seropositivity and frequency of vomiting.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: There is a powerful correlation between H pylori and hyperemesis gravidarum.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"347","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The American Journal of the Medical Sciences"}}},"pageStart":"101","pageEnd":"105","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/MAJ.0b013e31827bef91","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42272606"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/MAJ.0b013e31827bef91"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23459164"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q42272606"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/bisphenol-a-and-phthalates-and-endometriosis-the-endometriosis-natural-history-diagnosis-and-outcomes-study-recwk7kpj6um1q9c4/","name":"Bisphenol A and phthalates and endometriosis: the Endometriosis: Natural History, Diagnosis and Outcomes Study","headline":"Bisphenol A and phthalates and endometriosis: the Endometriosis: Natural History, Diagnosis and Outcomes Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/bisphenol-a-and-phthalates-and-endometriosis-the-endometriosis-natural-history-diagnosis-and-outcomes-study-recwk7kpj6um1q9c4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Buck Louis GM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhian Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6423-105X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Croughan"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anne Kennedy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1690-8086","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Linda C Giudice","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1677-0822","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lei Sun","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5260-0600","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Liang Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1461-0438"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ying Guo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2629-4145","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wadsworth Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/050kf9c55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Germaine M Buck Louis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1774-4490","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Victor Y Fujimoto","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kurunthachalam Kannan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1926-7456","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"New York State Department of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04hf5kq57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Matthew Peterson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4644-602X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rajeshwari Sundaram","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6918-5002","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael W Varner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9455-3973","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lina Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5690-5365","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wadsworth Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/050kf9c55"}}],"datePublished":"2013-03-01","abstract":"Objective: To assess in utero exposures and the odds of an endometriosis diagnosis.\nDesign: Matched cohort design.\nSetting: Fourteen participating clinical centers in geographically defined areas in Utah and California. PATIENT(S): Operative cohort comprised 473 women undergoing laparoscopy/laparotomy, and an ageand residence-matched population cohort comprising 127 women undergoing pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), 2007-2009. INTERVENTION(S): None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Women completed standardized interviews before surgery or MRI regarding in utero\n\nexposures: mothers' lifestyle during the index pregnancy, and the index woman's gestation and birth size. Endometriosis was defined as visually confirmed disease in the operative cohort, and MRI visualized disease in the population cohort. The odds of an endometriosis diagnosis and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated for each exposure by cohort using logistic regression and adjusting for current smoking, age at menarche, body mass index, and study site. RESULT(S): Endometriosis was diagnosed in 41% and 11% of women in the operative and population cohorts, respectively. In the primary analysis, adjust odds ratios (AORs) were elevated for maternal vitamin usage (1.27; 95% CI, 0.85-1.91), maternal cigarette smoking (1.16; 95% CI = 0.61-2.24), and low birth weight (1.1; 95% CI, 0.92-1.32). Reduced odds were observed for maternal usage of caffeine (0.99; 95% CI, 0.64-1.54), alcohol (0.82; 95% CI, 0.35-1.94), paternal cigarette smoking (0.72; 95% CI, 0.43-1.19), and preterm delivery (0.98; 95% CI, 0.47-2.03). Sensitivity analyses mostly upheld the primary results except for a decreased AOR for preterm birth (0.41; 95% CI, 0.18-0.94) when restricting to visualized and histologically confirmed endometriosis in the operative cohort. CONCLUSION(S): In utero exposures were not statistically significantly associated with the odds of an endometriosis diagnosis in either cohort.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"99","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"790","pageEnd":"795","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.03.026","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36980297"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.03.026"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36980297"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/are-imprinting-disorders-more-prevalent-after-human-in-vitro-fertilization-or-in-dx7c08og/","name":"Are imprinting disorders more prevalent after human in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection?","headline":"Are imprinting disorders more prevalent after human in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/are-imprinting-disorders-more-prevalent-after-human-in-vitro-fertilization-or-in-dx7c08og/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Vermeiden JP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bernardus RE"}],"datePublished":"2013-03-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To review the literature and present original data to answer the question of whether in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is associated with an increase in imprinted diseases in offspring. If the answer is positive, to investigate whether there is a causal relationship between IVF or ICSI and the imprinted diseases.\n\nDESIGN: Review study.\n\nRESULT(S): Eight epidemiologic studies were suitable to calculate the weighted relative risk for the birth of a child with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome following IVF or ICSI compared with the risk in the normal population. This relative risk was 5.2 (95% CI 1.6-7.4). In one study the relative risk was corrected for parents' fertility problems and no significant association was found. Data on the Silver-Russell syndrome are too sparse to draw conclusions, but a positive association with IVF or ICSI treatment is probable. No significant associations were found between the incidences of the Angelman and Prader-Willi syndromes and IVF or ICSI treatments. Children with Prader-Willi syndrome or Angelman syndrome are more likely to be born to parents with fertility problems. All retinoblastomas in children born after IVF or ICSI could be explained by de novo mutations in the RB1 gene and were not associated with imprinted genes. Imprinted diseases result from methylation errors already present in sperms or oocytes. There is no proof of a causal relationship between imprinted diseases and IVF or ICSI treatments.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Imprinting disorders are more prevalent after human IVF or ICSI. Future studies should correct for fertility problems in the affected and comparison groups. It is highly improbable that assisted reproduction technologies cause imprinted diseases in humans.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"99","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"642","pageEnd":"51","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.01.125","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.01.125"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23714438"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/analysis-of-birth-defects-among-children-3-years-after-conception-through-assist-g92bbx2o/","name":"Analysis of birth defects among children 3 years after conception through assisted reproductive technology in China","headline":"Analysis of birth defects among children 3 years after conception through assisted reproductive technology in China","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/analysis-of-birth-defects-among-children-3-years-after-conception-through-assist-g92bbx2o/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yin L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hang F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gu L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xu B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ma D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhu G"}],"datePublished":"2013-02-25","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Previous studies inconsistently suggest that assisted reproduction technology (ART) may increase the risk of birth defects in children. METHOD(S): Live birth infants, conceived by in vitro fertilization fresh embryo transfer (IVF), intracytoplasmic sperm injection fresh embryo transfer (ICSI), or frozen‐thawed embryo transfer (FET) in Reproductive Center of Tongji Hospital (Wuhan, China) between 1997 and 2008, were followed up at birth and after 3 years. Preterm pregnancy, multiple pregnancy, sex ratio (male/female), congenital malformation were compared. RESULT(S): A total of 4,236 children were born after ART (IVF 2,543, ICSI 908, FET 785). Compared with IVF, the rate of preterm pregnancy and sex ratio in ICSI were lower (p < 0.05); the rate of multiple pregnancy in ICSI and FET were all lower than IVF (p < 0.05). Congenital defects were comparable in all groups at birth. In total, 2,908 children participated in the second follow‐up from 34 months to 60 months with an average of 40 months, and the cases of birth defects had doubled (3 years: 5.16%, birth: 2.22%). The birth defect rate in boys conceived through ICSI was significantly higher than the IVF group after 3‐year follow‐up (ICSI boys: 8.62%, IVF boys: 5.21% [p < 0.05]), even though there was no significant difference at birth. CONCLUSION(S): Compared with IVF, FET may not increase risk of birth defects. Children conceived through ICSI, especially males, had higher rates of congenital malformations that were inapparent at birth. So longitudinal monitoring may provide insights into the risks of ART. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 97:744–749, 2013. 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"97","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology"}}},"pageStart":"744","pageEnd":"749","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/bdra.23116","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51271270"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/bdra.23116"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q51271270"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-vital-need-for-allergy-training-removing-the-doubts-reci2zjzj4f5vrv6s/","name":"The vital need for allergy training: removing the doubts","headline":"The vital need for allergy training: removing the doubts","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-vital-need-for-allergy-training-removing-the-doubts-reci2zjzj4f5vrv6s/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Nikolaos G Papadopoulos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4448-3468","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National and Kapodistrian University of Athens","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gnjpq42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Savvas Savvatianos","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National and Kapodistrian University of Athens","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gnjpq42"}}],"datePublished":"2013-02-22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Primary Care Respiratory Journal : Journal of the General Practice Airways Group"}}},"pageStart":"5","pageEnd":"6","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.4104/pcrj.2013.00021","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q86174653"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4104/pcrj.2013.00021"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23426419"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q86174653"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/congenital-anomalies-after-assisted-reproductive-technology-29ddwypd/","name":"Congenital anomalies after assisted reproductive technology","headline":"Congenital anomalies after assisted reproductive technology","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/congenital-anomalies-after-assisted-reproductive-technology-29ddwypd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Anja Pinborg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8340-104X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hvidovre Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00edrn755"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Henningsen AKA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Malchau SS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Loft A"}],"datePublished":"2013-02-01","abstract":"Worldwide, more than 5 million children have been born after assisted reproductive technology (ART), and in many developed countries ART infants represent more than 1% of the birth cohorts. It is well known that ART children are at increased risk of congenital malformations even after adjustment for known confounders such as maternal age. The proportion of ART children is not negligible, and knowledge about the causes of the higher risk of congenital malformations is crucial to develop prevention strategies to reduce the future risk in ART children. The aim of this review is to summarize the literature on the association between ART and congenital anomalies with respect to subfertility, fertility treatment other than ART, and different ART methods including intracytoplasmic sperm injection, blastocyst culture, and cryotechniques. Trends over time in ART and congenital anomalies will also be discussed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"99","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"327","pageEnd":"332","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.12.001","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38071772"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.12.001"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38071772"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nfp-and-naprotechnology-reckfvzysbsyr2rc5/","name":"NFP and NaProTechnology","headline":"NFP and NaProTechnology","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nfp-and-naprotechnology-reckfvzysbsyr2rc5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Helen M. G. Watt","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2026-0849"}],"datePublished":"2013-02-01","abstract":"As the editor of the Anscombe Bioethics Centre's new book Fertility and Gender: Issues in Reproductive and Sexual Ethics (Watt 2011), I was delighted to read Sr. Renee Mirkes’ generous review in th...","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"80","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"1","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1179/0024363912z.00000000014","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q87913708"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1179/0024363912z.00000000014"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24845083"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q87913708"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-interactive-effects-of-estrogen-and-progesterone-on-changes-in-emotional-eat-3dap1ott/","name":"The interactive effects of estrogen and progesterone on changes in emotional eating across the menstrual cycle","headline":"The interactive effects of estrogen and progesterone on changes in emotional eating across the menstrual cycle","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-interactive-effects-of-estrogen-and-progesterone-on-changes-in-emotional-eat-3dap1ott/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Klump KL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Keel PK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Racine SE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Burt SA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neale M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sisk CL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Boker S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hu JY"}],"datePublished":"2013-02-01","abstract":"Studies suggest that within-person changes in estrogen and progesterone predict changes in binge eating across the menstrual cycle. However, samples have been extremely small (maximum N = 9), and analyses have not examined the interactive effects of hormones that are critical for changes in food intake in animals. The aims of the current study were to examine ovarian hormone interactions in the prediction of within-subject changes in emotional eating in the largest sample of women to date (N = 196). Participants provided daily ratings of emotional eating and saliva samples for hormone measurement for 45 consecutive days. Results confirmed that changes in ovarian hormones predict changes in emotional eating across the menstrual cycle, with a significant estradiol × progesterone interaction. Emotional eating scores were highest during the midluteal phase, when progesterone peaks and estradiol demonstrates a secondary peak. Findings extend previous work by highlighting significant interactions between estrogen and progesterone that explain midluteal increases in emotional eating. Future work should explore mechanisms (e.g., gene-hormone interactions) that contribute to both within- and between-subjects differences in emotional eating.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"122","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of abnormal psychology"}}},"pageStart":"131","pageEnd":"7","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1037/a0029524","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30415037"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1037/a0029524"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22889242"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q30415037"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technologies-and-perinatal-morbidity-interrogating-the-ass-xdaicarj/","name":"Assisted reproductive technologies and perinatal morbidity: interrogating the association","headline":"Assisted reproductive technologies and perinatal morbidity: interrogating the association","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technologies-and-perinatal-morbidity-interrogating-the-ass-xdaicarj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kurt T. Barnhart","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9499-8144","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pennsylvania Health System","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04h81rw26"}}],"datePublished":"2013-02-01","abstract":"Interrogating the association between assisted reproductive technologies (ART) and perinatal outcome is complicated but very important. This is an introduction to a series of articles that review this potential association with an eye toward etiology of risk, and what aspects of in vitro fertilization (IVF) can be modified to reduce this risk. When an association is not due to chance (i.e., statistically significant), one must also consider how the association may be affected due to bias or confounding. Despite lack of the perfect study, perinatal consequences of ART are apparent, even though the vast majority of children conceived with ART are healthy. Pregnancy after IVF is altered as evidenced by risk of preterm delivery, low birth weight among infants, and an alerted prevalence of preeclampsia. The long-term clinical implications of ART, such as childhood development and metabolism, have not been established and ongoing study is proceeding. The risk attributed to multiple births is iatrogenic and needs to be minimized. Optimizing the environment at the time a woman conceives will likely have an effect on gestation as well as the health of children. Reproduction effects health and health effects reproduction.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"99","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"299","pageEnd":"302","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.12.032","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36586710"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.12.032"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36586710"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cellular-and-molecular-basis-of-von-willebrand-disease-studies-on-blood-outgrowt-rectzaelnjt2ohcuj/","name":"Cellular and molecular basis of von Willebrand disease: studies on blood  outgrowth endothelial cells","headline":"Cellular and molecular basis of von Willebrand disease: studies on blood  outgrowth endothelial cells","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cellular-and-molecular-basis-of-von-willebrand-disease-studies-on-blood-outgrowt-rectzaelnjt2ohcuj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard Starke","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Lung Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016978714"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Koralia Paschalaki","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4114-6140","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Lung Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016978714"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dyer CE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C. Dyer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6950-4029","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fv61j67"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kimberly Harrison-Lavoie","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University College London","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas A J McKinnon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8612-3041","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"McKinnon TA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Daniel F Cutler","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4288-7530","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University College London","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael Laffan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8268-3268","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna M Randi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0729-211X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Lung Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016978714"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacqueline A Cutler","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Molecular Haemostasis Laboratory, Department of Haemostasis and Thrombosis, GSTS Pathology, London, United Kingdom; and"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carolyn M Millar","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}}],"datePublished":"2013-01-29","abstract":"Von Willebrand disease (VWD) is a heterogeneous bleeding disorder caused by decrease or dysfunction of von Willebrand factor (VWF). A wide range of mutations in the VWF gene have been characterized; however, their cellular consequences are still poorly understood. Here we have used a recently developed approach to study the molecular and cellular basis of VWD. We isolated blood outgrowth endothelial cells (BOECs) from peripheral blood of 4 type 1 VWD and 4 type 2 VWD patients and 9 healthy controls. We confirmed the endothelial lineage of BOECs, then measured VWF messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels (before and after stimulation) and VWF multimers. Decreased mRNA levels were predictive of plasma VWF levels in type 1 VWD, confirming a defect in VWF synthesis. However, BOECs from this group of patients also showed defects in processing, storage, and/or secretion of VWF. Levels of VWF mRNA and protein were normal in BOECs from 3 type 2 VWD patients, supporting the dysfunctional VWF model. However, 1 type 2M patient showed decreased VWF synthesis and storage, indicating a complex cellular defect. These results demonstrate for the first time that isolation of endothelial cells from VWD patients provides novel insight into cellular mechanisms of the disease.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"121","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Blood"}}},"pageStart":"2773","pageEnd":"2784","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2012-06-435727","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36743353"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1182/blood-2012-06-435727"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23355534"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36743353"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/patient-preferences-of-cosmesis-for-abdominal-incisions-in-gynecologic-surgery-recgrj50jybislntq/","name":"Patient preferences of cosmesis for abdominal incisions in gynecologic surgery","headline":"Patient preferences of cosmesis for abdominal incisions in gynecologic surgery","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/patient-preferences-of-cosmesis-for-abdominal-incisions-in-gynecologic-surgery-recgrj50jybislntq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Daniel Westreich","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3069-1650","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duke University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00py81415"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carlos R Bolden","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duke University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00py81415"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Craig Sobolewski","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duke University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04bct7p84"}}],"datePublished":"2013-01-15","abstract":"STUDY Objective: To estimate patient preferences insofar as the cosmetic appeal of abdominal incisions used for hysterectomy. We hypothesized that the laparoendoscopic single-site surgery (LESS) incision would be preferred cosmetically to traditional multiport laparoscopic incisions and open abdominal incisions via Pfannenstiel, vertical midline, or horizontal mini-laparotomy.\nDesign: Prospective comparative study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2).\nSetting: Two gynecology clinics at Duke University Medical Center in Durham, North Carolina.\n\nPatients: Seventy-three women including 50 consecutive women from a private specialty clinic and 23 consecutive women from a resident indigent care clinic.\n\nInterventions: A brief questionnaire was distributed that assessed preferences via ranking and by using a visual analog scale. Patients were also asked to rate the importance of 4 factors in their decision making: size, location, and number of incisions, and perceived recovery time. Descriptive statistics, t tests, Wilcoxon rank-sum tests, and χ(2) tests were used to compare continuous or categorical values. MEASUREMENTS AND\n\nMAIN Results: Overall, the LESS incision was the most preferred incision according to most common choice and visual analog scale scores. In the private clinic, the LESS incision was preferred most often, with 53% of women (39/73) ranking it as their first choice. In the resident clinic, the horizontal mini-laparotomy incision was preferred most often, with 27% of women (20/73) ranking it their first choice. Neither the demographic factors nor any of the factors in decision making explained the difference between the clinics.\n\nConclusion: The LESS incision was most preferred in this study. However, the horizontal mini-laparotomy incision and the traditional laparoscopic with low lateral incisions were also highly preferred. Patient perception of the \"visibility\" of abdominal incisions may be the distinguishing issue to explain the difference in the preferences between the clinics and the differences between the present study and previously published studies of cosmetic preferences.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"20","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"79","pageEnd":"84","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2012.09.008","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45852472"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jmig.2012.09.008"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23312246"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q45852472"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-of-a-new-postpartum-transition-protocol-for-avoiding-pregnancy-reccwbpzgntzkrckb/","name":"Efficacy of a new postpartum transition protocol for avoiding pregnancy","headline":"Efficacy of a new postpartum transition protocol for avoiding pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-of-a-new-postpartum-transition-protocol-for-avoiding-pregnancy-reccwbpzgntzkrckb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marie Paule Schneider","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7557-9278","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Calgary","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas P Bouchard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5774-0286","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Calgary","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Schneider","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8090-4971","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}}],"datePublished":"2013-01-05","abstract":"INTRODUCTION: The postpartum period is a challenging time for family planning, especially for women who breastfeed. Breastfeeding delays the return of menses (lactational amenorrhea), but ovulation often occurs before first menses. For this reason, a protocol was developed to assist women in identifying their return of fertility postpartum to avoid pregnancy.\n\nMETHODS: In this prospective, 12-month, longitudinal cohort study, 198 postpartum women aged 20 to 45 years (mean age, 30.2 years) were taught a protocol for avoiding pregnancy with either online or in-person instruction. A hand-held fertility monitor was used to identify the fertile period by testing for urinary changes in estrogen and luteinizing hormone, and the results were tracked on a web site. During lactational amenorrhea, urine testing was done in 20-day intervals. When menses returned, the monitor was reset at the onset of each new menstrual cycle. Participants were instructed to avoid intercourse during the identified fertile period. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to calculate unintentional pregnancy rates through the first 12 months postpartum.\n\nRESULTS: There were 8 unintended pregnancies per 100 women at 12 months postpartum. With correct use, there were 2 unintended pregnancies per 100 women at 12 months.\n\nCONCLUSION: The online postpartum protocol may effectively assist a select group of women in avoiding pregnancy during the transition to regular menstrual cycles.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"26","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine : JABFM"}}},"pageStart":"35","pageEnd":"44","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3122/jabfm.2013.01.120126","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q85838968"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3122/jabfm.2013.01.120126"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23288279"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q85838968"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lowdose-naltrexone-for-the-treatment-of-fibromyalgia-findings-of-a-small-randomi-0vipnvso/","name":"Low‐dose naltrexone for the treatment of fibromyalgia: Findings of a small, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, counterbalanced, crossover trial assessing daily pain levels","headline":"Low‐dose naltrexone for the treatment of fibromyalgia: Findings of a small, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, counterbalanced, crossover trial assessing daily pain levels","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lowdose-naltrexone-for-the-treatment-of-fibromyalgia-findings-of-a-small-randomi-0vipnvso/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Younger J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Noor N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"McCue R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mackey S"}],"datePublished":"2013-01-01","abstract":"AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether low dosages (4.5 mg/day) of naltrexone reduce fibromyalgia severity as compared with the nonspecific effects of placebo. In this replication and extension study of a previous clinical trial, we tested the impact of low‐dose naltrexone on daily self‐reported pain. Secondary outcomes included general satisfaction with life, positive mood, sleep quality, and fatigue.\n\nMethods: Thirty‐one women with fibromyalgia participated in the randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, counterbalanced, crossover study. During the active drug phase, participants received 4.5 mg of oral naltrexone daily. An intensive longitudinal design was used to measure daily levels of pain.\n\nResults: When contrasting the condition end points, we observed a significantly greater reduction of baseline pain in those taking low‐dose naltrexone than in those taking placebo (28.8% reduction versus 18.0% reduction; P = 0.016). Low‐dose naltrexone was also associated with improved general satisfaction with life (P = 0.045) and with improved mood (P = 0.039), but not improved fatigue or sleep. Thirty‐two percent of participants met the criteria for response (defined as a significant reduction in pain plus a significant reduction in either fatigue or sleep problems) during low‐dose naltrexone therapy, as contrasted with an 11% response rate during placebo therapy (P = 0.05). Low‐dose naltrexone was rated equally tolerable as placebo, and no serious side effects were reported.\n\nConclusion: The preliminary evidence continues to show that low‐dose naltrexone has a specific and clinically beneficial impact on fibromyalgia pain. The medication is widely available, inexpensive, safe, and well‐tolerated. Parallel‐group randomized controlled trials are needed to fully determine the efficacy of the medication.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Arthritis &amp; Rheumatism"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1002/art.37734","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/art.37734"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cartr-2013-annual-report-2012-results-from-the-canadian-art-register-0fv5xiou/","name":"CARTR 2013 Annual Report - 2012 Results from the Canadian ART Register","headline":"CARTR 2013 Annual Report - 2012 Results from the Canadian ART Register","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cartr-2013-annual-report-2012-results-from-the-canadian-art-register-0fv5xiou/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Canadian Fertility and Andrology Society"}],"datePublished":"2013-01-01","abstract":"Canadian ART Register (CARTR) annual report for 2012. In 2012, 32 of 33 Canadian assisted reproductive technology (ART) clinics participated in CARTR. Voluntary professional society database operated by the Canadian Fertility and Andrology Society. This is the predecessor to the CARTR Plus partnership with BORN Ontario.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"CFAS"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2012-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2012-5cqgv2d0/","name":"DIR Jahrbuch 2012 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2012)","headline":"DIR Jahrbuch 2012 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2012)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2012-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2012-5cqgv2d0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register e.V."}],"datePublished":"2013-01-01","abstract":"Annual report (Jahrbuch) of the Deutsches IVF-Register (DIR) for treatment year 2012. DIR is the German national IVF/ICSI registry, founded 1982 — the oldest continuously operating ART registry. Voluntary professional-society database with high de-facto coverage of German fertility centres. Reports cycles, transfers, pregnancies and clinical outcomes by treatment type (IVF, ICSI, frozen embryo transfer, donor). German-language registry document. Used as a Phase B historical-archive source for the ART Registry Comparison study (cross-registry classification by reporting completeness on 7 framework dimensions).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register Jahrbuch"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/bmi-in-relation-to-sperm-count-an-updated-systematic-review-and-collaborative-me-8qc4c7wa/","name":"BMI in relation to sperm count: an updated systematic review and collaborative meta-analysis","headline":"BMI in relation to sperm count: an updated systematic review and collaborative meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/bmi-in-relation-to-sperm-count-an-updated-systematic-review-and-collaborative-me-8qc4c7wa/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sermondade N, Faure C, Fezeu L, Shayeb AG, Bonde JP, Jensen TK, Van Wely M, Cao J, Martini AC, Eskandar M, Chavarro JE, Koloszar S, Twigt JM, Ramlau-Hansen CH, Borges E Jr, Lotti F, Steegers-Theunissen RP, Zorn B, Polotsky AJ, La Vignera S, Eskenazi B, Tremellen K, Magnusdottir EV, Fejes I, Hercberg S, Lévy R, Czernichow S"}],"datePublished":"2013-01-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND The global obesity epidemic has paralleled a decrease in semen quality. Yet, the association between obesity and sperm parameters remains controversial. The purpose of this report was to update the evidence on the association between BMI and sperm count through a systematic review with meta-analysis. METHODS A systematic review of available literature (with no language restriction) was performed to investigate the impact of BMI on sperm count. Relevant studies published until June 2012 were identified from a Pubmed and EMBASE search. We also included unpublished data (n = 717 men) obtained from the Infertility Center of Bondy, France. Abstracts of relevant articles were examined and studies that could be included in this review were retrieved. Authors of relevant studies for the meta-analysis were contacted by email and asked to provide standardized data. RESULTS A total of 21 studies were included in the meta-analysis, resulting in a sample of 13 077 men from the general population and attending fertility clinics. Data were stratified according to the total sperm count as normozoospermia, oligozoospermia and azoospermia. Standardized weighted mean differences in sperm concentration did not differ significantly across BMI categories. There was a J-shaped relationship between BMI categories and risk of oligozoospermia or azoospermia. Compared with men of normal weight, the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for oligozoospermia or azoospermia was 1.15 (0.93-1.43) for underweight, 1.11 (1.01-1.21) for overweight, 1.28 (1.06-1.55) for obese and 2.04 (1.59-2.62) for morbidly obese men. CONCLUSIONS Overweight and obesity were associated with an increased prevalence of azoospermia or oligozoospermia. The main limitation of this report is that studied populations varied, with men recruited from both the general population and infertile couples. Whether weight normalization could improve sperm parameters should be evaluated further.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction update"}}},"pageStart":"221","pageEnd":"31","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dms050","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34317871"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humupd/dms050"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23242914"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34317871"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-impact-of-assisted-reproductive-technologies-on-the-genome-and-epigenome-of--b6ooodrb/","name":"The impact of assisted reproductive technologies on the genome and epigenome of the newborn","headline":"The impact of assisted reproductive technologies on the genome and epigenome of the newborn","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-impact-of-assisted-reproductive-technologies-on-the-genome-and-epigenome-of--b6ooodrb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kochanski A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Merritt TA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gadzinowski J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jopek A"}],"datePublished":"2013-01-01","abstract":"The question of genetic alterations resulting from assisted reproductive technologies (ART) in humans is examined within the organization of the human genome. Increased rates of birth defects have been reported among children conceived using ART; however, questions remain and controversy exists regarding how \"infertility\" predisposes to birth defects. ART has been shown to be associated with an increased number of chromosomal alterations especially in the X chromosome. There is increased risk for embryonal tumors among ART conceived children, as well as, imprinting disorders (Beckwith-Wiedemann and Angelman Syndromes). Genetic studies of children conceived using ART reveal a larger (genome-wide) scale of methylation defects that encompass hundreds of genes. Genes involved in carcinogenesis and developmental pathways appear altered and may impact on later development of chronic illness, although these data are very preliminary. ART may create novel mutations by different chromosomal and molecular mechanisms; however, these techniques also enable propagation of pre-existing mutations that are associated with impaired fertility. While older maternal age is often associated with female infertility and chromosomal aneuploidy, sperm from older men have more new gene mutations. The prevalence of birth defects is increased when ART is used for conception. These data are summarized by large meta-analyses or from multi-year national registries. Whether the increased number of birth defects is due to ART procedures themselves or are a consequence of the impaired fertility of the parents is discussed. Long-term evaluation of children conceived using ART and/or ovarian hyper-stimulation is needed to determine whether alterations during embryonic development may increase the prevalence of chronic diseases in adulthood.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"101","pageEnd":"108","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3233/npm-1366812","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34657567"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3233/npm-1366812"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34657567"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/outcome-of-pregnancy-after-induced-ovulation-follow-up-of-pregnancies-and-childr-recbehyu79goegwji/","name":"Outcome of pregnancy after induced ovulation. Follow-up of pregnancies and children born after gonadotropin therapy","headline":"Outcome of pregnancy after induced ovulation. Follow-up of pregnancies and children born after gonadotropin therapy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/outcome-of-pregnancy-after-induced-ovulation-follow-up-of-pregnancies-and-childr-recbehyu79goegwji/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Tryfon G. Lainas","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4102-3141","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Assisting Nature","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g0ak246"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E. M. Kolibianakis"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Efstratios M. Κolibianakis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0031-9460","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Papageorgiou General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01663qy58"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ioannis Sfontouris","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8122-8434","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eugonia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00waaf760"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"I Zorzovilis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eugonia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00waaf760"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"George K. Petsas","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eugonia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00waaf760"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Basil C. Tarlatzis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7183-2515","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Papageorgiou General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01663qy58"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hack M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9823-4769"},{"@type":"Person","name":"V Insler","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaplan Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t0n9020"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Lunenfeld","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sheba Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/020rzx487"}}],"datePublished":"2013-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"28","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA"}}},"pageStart":"1929","pageEnd":"42","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45301872","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"5536562"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q45301872"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/human-infertility-are-endocrine-disruptors-to-blame-od46mfep/","name":"Human infertility: are endocrine disruptors to blame?","headline":"Human infertility: are endocrine disruptors to blame?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/human-infertility-are-endocrine-disruptors-to-blame-od46mfep/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marques-Pinto A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carvalho D"}],"datePublished":"2013-01-01","abstract":"Over recent decades, epidemiological studies have been reporting worrisome trends in the incidence of human infertility rates. Extensive detection of industrial chemicals in human serum, seminal plasma and follicular fluid has led the scientific community to hypothesise that these compounds may disrupt hormonal homoeostasis, leading to a vast array of physiological impairments. Numerous synthetic and natural substances have endocrine-disruptive effects, acting through several mechanisms. The main route of exposure to these chemicals is the ingestion of contaminated food and water. They may disturb intrauterine development, resulting in irreversible effects and may also induce transgenerational effects. This review aims to summarise the major scientific developments on the topic of human infertility associated with exposure to endocrine disruptors (EDs), integrating epidemiological and experimental evidence. Current data suggest that environmental levels of EDs may affect the development and functioning of the reproductive system in both sexes, particularly in foetuses, causing developmental and reproductive disorders, including infertility. EDs may be blamed for the rising incidence of human reproductive disorders. This constitutes a serious public health issue that should not be overlooked. The exposure of pregnant women and infants to EDs is of great concern. Therefore, precautionary avoidance of exposure to EDs is a prudent attitude in order to protect humans and wildlife from permanent harmful effects on fertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Endocrine connections"}}},"pageStart":"R15-29","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-13-0036","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37354324"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1530/EC-13-0036"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23985363"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37354324"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/premature-menopause-rgwnbf09/","name":"Premature menopause","headline":"Premature menopause","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/premature-menopause-rgwnbf09/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Okeke T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anyaehie U"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ezenyeaku C"}],"datePublished":"2013-01-01","abstract":"Premature menopause affects 1% of women under the age of 40 years. The women are at risk of premature death, neurological diseases, psychosexual dysfunction, mood disorders, osteoporosis, ischemic heart disease and infertility. There is need to use simplified protocols and improved techniques in oocyte donation to achieve pregnancy and mother a baby in those women at risk. Review of the pertinent literature on premature menopause, selected references, internet services using the PubMed and Medline databases were included in this review. In the past, pregnancy in women with premature menopause was rare but with recent advancement in oocyte donation, women with premature menopause now have hoped to mother a child. Hormone replacement therapy is beneficial to adverse consequences of premature menopause. Women with premature menopause are at risk of premature death, neurological diseases, psychosexual dysfunction, mood disorders, osteoporosis, ischemic heart disease and infertility. Public enlightenment and education is important tool to save those at risk.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Annals of medical and health sciences research"}}},"pageStart":"90","pageEnd":"5","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.4103/2141-9248.109458","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36789707"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4103/2141-9248.109458"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23634337"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36789707"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-risks-of-selective-serotonin-reuptake-inhibitor-use-in-infertile-women-a-rev-sudwozcn/","name":"The risks of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor use in infertile women: a review of the impact on fertility, pregnancy, neonatal health and beyond","headline":"The risks of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor use in infertile women: a review of the impact on fertility, pregnancy, neonatal health and beyond","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-risks-of-selective-serotonin-reuptake-inhibitor-use-in-infertile-women-a-rev-sudwozcn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Alice D Domar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7397-8366","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04drvxt59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Moragianni VA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ryley DA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Urato AC"}],"datePublished":"2013-01-01","abstract":"STUDY QUESTION: What is the current literature on the safety and efficacy of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) use in infertile women?\n\nSUMMARY ANSWER: There is little evidence that infertile women benefit from taking an SSRI, therefore they should be counseled appropriately about the risks and be advised to consider alternate safer treatments to treat depressive symptoms.\n\nWHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: SSRI use is associated with possible reduced infertility treatment efficacy as well as higher rates of pregnancy loss, preterm birth, pregnancy complications, neonatal issues and long-term neurobehavioral abnormalities in offspring.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: Review of existing literature.\n\nPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: We conducted a review of all published studies that evaluate females with depressive symptoms who are taking antidepressant medications and who are experiencing infertility.\n\nMAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: Antidepressant use during pregnancy is associated with increased risks of miscarriage, birth defects, preterm birth, newborn behavioral syndrome, persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn and possible longer term neurobehavioral effects. There is no evidence of improved pregnancy outcomes with antidepressant use. There is some evidence that psychotherapy, including cognitive-behavioral therapy as well as physical exercise, is associated with significant decreases in depressive symptoms in the general population; research indicates that some forms of counseling are effective in treating depressive symptoms in infertile women.\n\nLIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: Our findings are limited by the availability of published studies in the field, which are often retrospective and of small size.\n\nWIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: Practitioners who care for infertility patients should have a thorough understanding of the published literature so that they can adequately counsel their patients.\n\nSTUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S): None.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"28","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"160","pageEnd":"71","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/des383","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27010327"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/des383"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23117129"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q27010327"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstrual-cycle-phase-and-duration-of-oral-contraception-intake-affect-olfactory-vhivgfbo/","name":"Menstrual cycle phase and duration of oral contraception intake affect olfactory perception","headline":"Menstrual cycle phase and duration of oral contraception intake affect olfactory perception","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstrual-cycle-phase-and-duration-of-oral-contraception-intake-affect-olfactory-vhivgfbo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Derntl B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Schöpf V"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kollndorfer K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lanzenberger R"}],"datePublished":"2013-01-01","abstract":"Although a significant impact of cycle phase on olfactory thresholds has been shown in females, limited data exist regarding discrimination and identification. Therefore, we investigated a broader range of olfactory performance and analyzed the impact of cycle phase and oral contraception. We measured 80 healthy Caucasians, including 20 females taking oral contraceptives and 40 females without oral contraception who were further divided into follicular and luteal phase. Olfactory performance of all participants was assessed twice using the \"Sniffin' Sticks\" battery and intensity and pleasantness ratings of n-butanol were collected. Data analysis revealed that females outperformed males in odor discrimination and odor identification. In the luteal phase, higher thresholds and higher intensity ratings for n-butanol emerged. Duration of oral contraception correlated positively with olfactory performance pointing to better performance with longer intake. Hence, our data show that odor performance is affected by menstrual cycle phase and duration of oral contraception intake and thus can be modulated by hormonal changes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"38","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Chemical senses"}}},"pageStart":"67","pageEnd":"75","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjs084","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36467493"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/chemse/bjs084"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23071141"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36467493"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recurrence-of-endometriosis-risk-factors-mechanisms-and-biomarkers-review-of-the-reca8kox0rszxosgh/","name":"Recurrence of endometriosis; risk factors, mechanisms and biomarkers; review of the literature","headline":"Recurrence of endometriosis; risk factors, mechanisms and biomarkers; review of the literature","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recurrence-of-endometriosis-risk-factors-mechanisms-and-biomarkers-review-of-the-reca8kox0rszxosgh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ilker Selçuk","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0499-5722","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gürkan Bozdağ","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6679-9623","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility Unit, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey."}}],"datePublished":"2013-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of the Turkish German Gynecological Association"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.5152/jtgga.2013.52385","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37437371"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.5152/jtgga.2013.52385"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24592083"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37437371"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/can-fertility-awarenessbased-methods-be-used-effectively-by-women-to-achieve-pre-ea8sc8im/","name":"Can fertility awareness-based methods be used effectively by women to achieve pregnancy?","headline":"Can fertility awareness-based methods be used effectively by women to achieve pregnancy?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/can-fertility-awarenessbased-methods-be-used-effectively-by-women-to-achieve-pre-ea8sc8im/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bouchard T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Schneider","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8090-4971","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dodin S"}],"datePublished":"2013-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-in-europe-2009-results-generated-from-european--7gr0kw9m/","name":"Assisted reproductive technology in Europe, 2009: results generated from European registers by ESHRE","headline":"Assisted reproductive technology in Europe, 2009: results generated from European registers by ESHRE","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-in-europe-2009-results-generated-from-european--7gr0kw9m/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ferraretti AP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Veerle Goossens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9342-2143","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/028sbah75"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kupka M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Siladitya Bhattacharya","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6279-7826","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aberdeen Maternity Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0020hse07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacques de Mouzon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9465-3488","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Castilla JA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Erb K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Korsak V"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nyboe Andersen A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"European IVF-Monitoring (EIM) Consortium for the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE)"}],"datePublished":"2013 Sep","abstract":"9. Assisted reproductive technology in Europe, 2009: results generated from European registers by ESHRE. Ferraretti AP(1), Goossens V, Kupka M, Bhattacharya S, de Mouzon J, Castilla JA, Erb K, Korsak V, Nyboe Andersen A; European IVF-Monitoring (EIM) Consortium for the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE). Collaborators: Strohmer H, Bogaerts K, Kyurkchiev S, Vrcic H, Pelekanos M, Rezabek K, Erb K, Gissler M, Royere D, Bühler K, Tarlatzis BC, Kosztolanyi G, Bjorgvinsson H, Mocanu E, Scaravelli G, Lokshin V, Arajs M, Gudleviciene Z, Lazarevski S, Moshin V, Simic TM, Hazekamp JT, Kurzawa R, Calhaz-Jorge C, Rugescu I, Korsak V, Radunovic N, Tomazevic T, Hernandez JH, Karlström PO, Weder M, Lambalk C, Veselovsky V, Baranowski R. (1)ESHRE Central Office, Grimbergen, Belgium. annapia.ferraretti @sismer.it STUDY QUESTION: The 13th European in vitro fertilization (IVF)-monitoring (EIM) report presents the results of treatments involving assisted reproductive technology (ART) initiated in Europe during 2009: are there any changes in the trends compared with previous years? SUMMARY ANSWER: Despite some fluctuations in the number of countries reporting data, the overall number of ART cycles has continued to increase year by year and, while pregnancy rates in 2009 remained similar to those reported in 2008, the number of transfers with multiple embryos (3+) and the multiple delivery rates declined. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Since 1997, ART data in Europe have been collected and reported in 12 manuscripts, published in Human Reproduction. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: Retrospective data collection of European ART data by the EIM Consortium for the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE); cycles started between 1st January and 31st December are collected on a yearly basis; the data are collected by the National Registers, when existing, or on a voluntary basis. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS SETTING, METHODS: From 34 countries (-2 compared with 2008), 1005 clinics reported 537 463 treatment cycles including: IVF (135 621), intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI, 266 084), frozen embryo replacement (FER, 104 153), egg donation (ED, 21 604), in vitro maturation (IVM, 1334), preimplantation genetic diagnosis/screening (PGD/PGS, 4389) and frozen oocyte replacements (FOR, 4278). European data on intrauterine insemination using husband/partner's semen (IUI-H) and donor (IUI-D) semen were reported from 21 and 18 countries, respectively. A total of 162 843 IUI-H (+12.7%) and 29 235 IUI-D (+17.3%) cycles were included. Data available from each country are presented in the tables; total values (as numbers and percentages) refer to those countries where all data have been reported. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: In 21 countries where all clinics reported to the ART register, a total of 399 020 ART cycles were performed in a population of 373.8 million, corresponding to 1067 cycles per million inhabitants. For IVF, the clinical pregnancy rates per aspiration and per transfer were 28.9 and 32.9%, respectively and for ICSI, the corresponding rates were 28.7 and 32.0%. In FER cycles, the pregnancy rate per thawing was 20.9%; in ED cycles, the pregnancy rate per transfer was 42.3%. The delivery rate after IUI-H was 8.3 and 13.4% after IUI-D. In IVF and ICSI cycles, 1, 2, 3 and 4+ embryos were transferred in 24.2, 57.7, 16.9 and 1.2%, respectively. The proportions of singleton, twin and triplet deliveries after IVF and ICSI (combined) were 79.8, 19.4 and 0.8%, respectively, resulting in a total multiple delivery rate of 20.2%, compared with 21.7% in 2008, 22.3% in 2007, 20.8% in 2006 and 21.8% in 2005. In FER cycles, the multiple delivery rate was 13.0% (12.7% twins and 0.3% triplets). Twin and triplet delivery rates associated with IUI cycles were 10.4/0.7% and 10.3/0.5%, following treatment with husband and donor semen, respectively. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: The method of reporting varies among countries, and registers from a number of countries have been unable to provide some of the relevant data such as initiated cycles and deliveries. As long as data are incomplete and generated through different methods of collection, results should be interpreted with caution. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: The 13th ESHRE report on ART shows a continuing expansion of the number of treatment cycles in Europe, with more than half a million of cycles reported in 2009. The use of ICSI has reached a plateau. Pregnancy and delivery rates after IVF and ICSI remained relatively stable compared with 2008 and 2007. The number of multiple embryo transfers (3+ embryos) and the multiple delivery rate have shown a clear decline.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/det278","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45352029"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/det278"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23842560"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q45352029"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/international-committee-for-monitoring-assisted-reproductive-technologies-icmart-ehhlfvfh/","name":"International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ICMART) world report: assisted reproductive technology 2004","headline":"International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ICMART) world report: assisted reproductive technology 2004","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/international-committee-for-monitoring-assisted-reproductive-technologies-icmart-ehhlfvfh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sullivan EA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fernando Zegers-Hochschild","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6234-6179","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Clínica Las Condes","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j5bwe91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Mansour","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0758-3387","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Egyptian IVF-ET Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035aahr55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ishihara O"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacques de Mouzon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9465-3488","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nygren KG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G David Adamson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5387-7629","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Endometriosis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01q5m4507"}}],"datePublished":"2013 May","abstract":"(ICMART) world report: assisted reproductive technology 2004.\n\nSullivan EA(1), Zegers-Hochschild F, Mansour R, Ishihara O, de Mouzon J, Nygren \nKG, Adamson GD.\n\nAuthor information:\n(1)National Perinatal Statistics and Epidemiology Unit, School of Women's and \nChildren's Health, University of New South Wales, Randwick Hospitals Campus, \nMcNevin Dickson Building Room Level 2, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia. \ne.sullivan@unsw.edu.au\n\nSTUDY QUESTION: Have changes in assisted reproductive technology (ART) practice \nand outcomes occurred globally between 2003 and 2004?\nSUMMARY ANSWER: Globally, ART practice has changed with an increasing prevalence \nof the use of ICSI rather than conventional IVF. In 2004, a small but increasing \nnumber of countries are incorporating single embryo transfer. There remain \nunacceptably high rates of three or more embryo transfers in select countries \nresulting in multiple births and adverse perinatal outcomes.\nWHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: World data on the availability, effectiveness and safety \nof ART have been published since 1989. The number of embryos transferred is a \nmajor determinant of the iatrogenic increase in multiple pregnancies and is \nhighly correlated with the likelihood of multiple birth and excess perinatal \nmorbidity and mortality.\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: Cross-sectional survey of countries and regions \nundertaking surveillance of ART procedures started in 2004 and their \ncorresponding outcomes.\nPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: Of total, 2184 clinics from 52 \nreporting countries and regions. Number of ART clinics, types of cycles and \nprocedures, pregnancy, delivery and multiple birth rates and perinatal outcomes.\nMAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: A total of 954 743 initiated cycles \nresulted in an estimated 237 809 babies born. This was a 2.3% increase in the \nnumber of reported cycles from 2003. The availability of ART varied by country \nand ranged from 14 to 3844 treatment cycles per million population. Over \none-third (37.2%) of ART clinics performed <100 cycles per year with only 19.9% \nperforming ≥ 500 cycles per year. Of all cycles, 60.6% were ICSI. Frozen embryo \ntransfers (FETs) represented 31% of the initiated cycles. The overall delivery \nrate per fresh aspiration for IVF and ICSI was 20.2% compared with 16.6% per \nFET. The average number of embryos transferred was 2.35. Single (16.3%) and \ndouble embryo transfers accounted for 73.2% of cycles. The overall proportion of \ndeliveries with twins and triplets from IVF and ICSI was 25.1 and 1.8%, \nrespectively, but varied widely by country and region. The proportion of \npremature deliveries per fresh aspiration for IVF and ICSI was 33.7% compared \nwith 26.3% per FET. The perinatal death rate was 25.8 per 1000 births for fresh \naspiration for IVF and ICSI compared with 14.2 per 1000 births per FET.\nLIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: Data are incomplete with seven countries not \nproviding data to the International Committee for Monitoring Assisted \nReproductive Technologies (ICMART) in 2004 that had in 2003. The validity of \ndata reflects current data collection practice. In 2004, 79.3% of the clinics in \nparticipating countries reported to their national or regional registries and to \nICMART. In addition, the number of ART cycles per million population is a \nmeasure which is affected by a country's government policy, regulation, funding \nand the number of service providers.\nWIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: ART practice, effectiveness and outcomes \nvary markedly internationally. Notably, the increasing proportion of cycles that \nare FET, the change in practice to single embryo transfer and the cessation of \nthe transfer of three or more embryos in some countries has resulted in improved \nperinatal outcomes with minimal impact on pregnancy rates.\nSTUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S): ICMART receives financial support from \nASRM, ESHRE, FSA, Japan Society for Reproductive Medicine, REDLARA, MEFS and \nSART.\n\nDOI: 10.1093/humrep/det036\nPMID: 23442757 [Indexed for MEDLINE]","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/det036","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43700568"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/det036"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23442757"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43700568"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-surveillance-united-states-2010-ia61fm0r/","name":"Assisted reproductive technology surveillance -- United States, 2010","headline":"Assisted reproductive technology surveillance -- United States, 2010","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-surveillance-united-states-2010-ia61fm0r/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Saswati Sunderam","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dmitry M. Kissin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6483-0474","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sara Crawford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9579-7512","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E J Anderson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7514-7929","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Suzanne G. Folger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Denise J Jamieson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2597-1201","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wanda D. Barfield","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5875-0475","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Division of Reproductive Health"},{"@type":"Person","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion"},{"@type":"Person","name":"CDC"}],"datePublished":"2013 Dec 6","abstract":"Sunderam S, Kissin DM, Crawford S, Anderson JE, Folger SG, Jamieson DJ, Barfield \nWD; Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease \nPrevention and Health Promotion, CDC.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Surveillance summaries (Washington, D.C. : 2002)"},"sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45924884","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24304902"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q45924884"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-therapy-increases-free-thyroxine-levels--data-from-a-randomized-pla-recdhwxbiwhx35ojp/","name":"Progesterone therapy increases free thyroxine levels--data from a randomized  placebo-controlled 12-week hot flush trial","headline":"Progesterone therapy increases free thyroxine levels--data from a randomized  placebo-controlled 12-week hot flush trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-therapy-increases-free-thyroxine-levels--data-from-a-randomized-pla-recdhwxbiwhx35ojp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"P Sathi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Coastal Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bd8jh67"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shirin Kalyan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7458-0832","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Coastal Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bd8jh67"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Pudek","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6432-263X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine L Hitchcock","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation Research, Division of Endocrinology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2012-12-21","abstract":"Objective: Thyroid hormones and progesterone both influence core temperature, metabolism and are crucial during pregnancy. Our objective was to discover whether progesterone therapy caused changes in thyroid physiology compared with placebo.\nDesign: Post hoc analysis from a randomized (1:1) placebo-controlled 12-week trial of oral micronized progesterone (Progesterone, 300 mg/d at bedtime) for hot flushes (vasomotor symptoms, VMS) conducted in an academic medical centre.\n\nPatients: Postmenopausal euthyroid, healthy (without cardiovascular diseases or risks) women, 1-11 years since last flow on no thyroid or ovarian hormone therapy with VMS participated.\n\nMeasurements: Primary outcomes were final and 12-week changes in TSH, FreeT3 and FreeT4 on progesterone vs placebo.\n\nResults: Women with thyroid data (69 of 133 in original trial) were randomized to progesterone (n = 39) or placebo (n = 30)-baseline thyroid values were normal. There were no VMS-thyroid interactions-VMS Score (number × intensity) did not correlate with TSH, FreeT3 or FreeT4 (Spearman's rank correlations: -0.03 to -0.19, respectively; all P > 0.15). At 12 weeks on progesterone, TSH levels tended to be lower (1.7 mU) than on placebo (2.2), P = 0.06; FreeT4 levels were higher (16.4 pmol/l) than on placebo (15.3), P = 0.02. FreeT3 was unchanged throughout. Analysis of covariance showed a significant increase in FreeT4 on progesterone (+2.5 pmol/l; 1.9-3.0) vs on placebo (+1.7; 1.1-2.4) with 95% CI of difference = 0.8 pmol/l [0.0, 1.6], P = 0.04.\n\nConclusions: Progesterone caused a significant FreeT4 increase that was discovered during this randomized controlled VMS trial. The clinical importance of this increased FreeT4 level remains to be documented. Registered at ClinialTrials.gov#NCT00152438.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"79","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"282","pageEnd":"287","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/cen.12128","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30582325"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/cen.12128"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23252963"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q30582325"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-factors-of-breast-cancer-among-women-in-eastern-india-a-tertiary-hospital-b-rec1gwyu5nmhbhvn5/","name":"Risk factors of breast cancer among women in eastern India: a tertiary hospital  based case control study","headline":"Risk factors of breast cancer among women in eastern India: a tertiary hospital  based case control study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-factors-of-breast-cancer-among-women-in-eastern-india-a-tertiary-hospital-b-rec1gwyu5nmhbhvn5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Soumen Das","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4029-0685","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ysvbp68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sushmita Sen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0103-956X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Mary's Health Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xnecb03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anindya Mukherjee","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5499-0439"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Debadatta Chakraborty","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8573-8861","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bennett University"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pankaj Kumar Mondal"}],"datePublished":"2012-12-19","abstract":"Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers of women in India with high fatality rate. Over a 1 year study period 105 consecutive biopsy or fine needle aspiration cytology confirmed breast cancer patients were interviewed by direct questionnaire method regarding risk factors attending Surgery and Radiotherapy OPD of Medical College Kolkata, West Bengal while taking other 105 patients attending Surgery Department for some other disease as controls. The data were compiled in MS Excel 2007 and analyzed by Epi info 3.5.1 software. Among the cases, rural residence, illiteracy and low socio-economic status was significantly higher than controls. Late onset of menarche, late onset of menopause, ever OCP usage, breast feeding for 1-2 years and age of 1st childbirth between 20-30 years were found to be significant protective factors. People should be made aware regarding the modifiable risk factors to prevent breast cancer.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention : APJCP"}}},"pageStart":"4979","pageEnd":"4981","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.10.4979","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q85659055"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.10.4979"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23244094"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q85659055"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-elasticity-of-cervical-vaginal-secretions-is-abnormal-in-polycystic-ovary-sy-recdvxnojjyadxfqk/","name":"The elasticity of cervical-vaginal secretions is abnormal in polycystic ovary  syndrome: Case report of five PCOS women","headline":"The elasticity of cervical-vaginal secretions is abnormal in polycystic ovary  syndrome: Case report of five PCOS women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-elasticity-of-cervical-vaginal-secretions-is-abnormal-in-polycystic-ovary-sy-recdvxnojjyadxfqk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"WilliamC Biggs","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Texas Tech University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0405mnx93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"GregoryB McKenna"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nabila Shamim","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Texas Tech University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0405mnx93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephen J Usala","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Texas Tech University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0405mnx93"}}],"datePublished":"2012-12-12","abstract":"Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a leading cause of infertility. We studied the rheological properties of cervical-vaginal secretions in five PCOS patients during variable treatment intervals with metformin. Five ovulatory normal women for a total of thirteen cycles served as control patients. All subjects collected daily cervical-vaginal fluid(CVF) samples with an aspirator, and CVF samples were characterized by a flow metric, die swell ratio (B), which measured CVF elasticity. Ovulatory cycles were indexed to the day of positive urine or serum LH (luteinizing hormone). CVF B levels from ovulatory normal women had a characteristic concave parabolic pattern of a minimum near the day of ovulation with higher values outside the periovulatory phase. In contrast, the five PCOS patients with or without metformin treatment had no periodicity of CVF B, and their CVF B levels were typically less compared to those in the early preovulatory and luteal phases of normal patients.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"1019","pageEnd":"1021","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.4103/2230-8210.103030","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36436408"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4103/2230-8210.103030"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23226656"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36436408"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/local-mononuclear-cell-infiltrates-in-infertile-patients-with-endometrial-macrop-b0fv9qai/","name":"Local mononuclear cell infiltrates in infertile patients with endometrial macropolyps versus micropolyps","headline":"Local mononuclear cell infiltrates in infertile patients with endometrial macropolyps versus micropolyps","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/local-mononuclear-cell-infiltrates-in-infertile-patients-with-endometrial-macrop-b0fv9qai/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kotaro Kitaya","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5693-3139","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kansai Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/001xjdh50"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tada Y"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Taguchi S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Funabiki M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hayashi T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y Nakamura","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7205-3142","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yamaguchi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03cxys317"}}],"datePublished":"2012-12-01","abstract":"STUDY QUESTION: Is the endometrial mononuclear cell population in infertile patients altered in subjects with classical endometrial polyps (macropolyps) versus endometrial micropolyps that are hysteroscopically recognized as small uterine cavity protrusions?\n\nSUMMARY ANSWER: Macropolypoid endometrium had a low density of pan-leukocytes, pan-T cells and natural killer (NK) cells, whereas micropolypoid endometrium was characterized by high density of B cells and plasmacytes, along with a low density of NK cells.\n\nWHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Endometrial micropolyps co-exist at a high rate with chronic endometritis, which is an unusual plasmacyte infiltration within the endometrial stromal compartment.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: Prospective cross-sectional study. From July 2009 to June 2011, hysteroscopy was performed for infertile women who had been suspected for endometrial macropolyps and who had repeated in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer failure over three or more cycles. Endometrial biopsy samples were obtained from the patients with macropolyps or micropolyps during the proliferative phase. Of 137 patients assessed, 30 were diagnosed with endometrial macropolyps and 34 were diagnosed with endometrial micropolyps. After the exclusion of the cases with heavy uterine bleeding, potential neoplasms, submucosal uterine fibroids, uterine septa, and/or intrauterine adhesion, 23 patients with macropolypoid endometrium; 25 patients with micropolypoid endometrium and 27 patients with non-polypoid endometrium were enrolled in the study. Endometrial macropolyps were surgically removed, whereas chronic endometritis was treated with antibiotics. The patients were followed up until December 2011.\n\nPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: The paraformaldehyde-fixed paraffin-embedded endometrial sections were immunostained with monoclonal antibodies against the specific markers of pan-leukocytes (CD45), pan-T cells (CD3), Th cells (CD4), Tc cells (CD8), B cells (CD20), plasmacytes (CD138), NK cells (CD56) and macrophages (CD68). The immunoreactive cells were enumerated in at least 20 non-overlapping stromal areas.\n\nMAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: Compared with the non-polypoid endometrium, macropolypoid endometrium contained a lower density of pan-leukocytes, pan-T cells and NK cells, whereas micropolypoid endometrium had a higher density of pan-leukocytes and B cells, along with a lower density of NK cells. Following the treatments, 10 patients with macropolypoid endometrium, 11 patients with micropolypoid endometrium and 10 patients with non-polypoid endometrium conceived.\n\nLIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: One potential bias is immunohistochemical enumeration for leukocyte density was conducted by one examiner. The limitation of this study is that the results relied on endometrial biopsy specimens, of which immunological conditions may not always represent those in the whole endometrium.\n\nWIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: There may be some ethnic or racial variances in the composition of the endometrial mononuclear cell subsets of infertile women.\n\nSTUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S): This study was supported by Grand-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (22591840). There were no conflicts of interest to declare.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"27","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"3474","pageEnd":"80","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/des323","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q53105436"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/des323"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22951914"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q53105436"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-use-to-reverse-the-effects-of-mifepristone-recougehokg4v0wyl/","name":"Progesterone use to reverse the effects of mifepristone","headline":"Progesterone use to reverse the effects of mifepristone","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-use-to-reverse-the-effects-of-mifepristone-recougehokg4v0wyl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary L Davenport"},{"@type":"Person","name":"George Delgado","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9893-5949","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48"}}],"datePublished":"2012-11-30","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To present a series of cases demonstrating successful reversal of mifepristone effects in women who chose to reverse the medical abortion process.\n\nCASE REPORTS: Four of 6 women who took mifepristone were able to carry their pregnancies to term after receiving intramuscular progesterone 200 mg.\n\nDISCUSSION: Mifepristone has been available in the US since 2000. By 2008, approximately 25% of abortions prior to 9 weeks were accomplished with mifepristone. Some women who take mifepristone wish to reverse the medical abortion process. Progesterone competes with mifepristone for the progesterone receptor and may reverse the effects of mifepristone. A PubMed literature search from 1996 to May 2012 did not reveal any trials or case studies evaluating the efficacy of progesterone use to reverse the effects of mifepristone.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Health care professionals should be aware of the possible use of progesterone to reverse mifepristone in women who have begun the medical abortion process by taking mifepristone and then change their minds.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"46","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Annals of Pharmacotherapy"}}},"pageStart":"e36","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1345/aph.1R252","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46521304"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1345/aph.1R252"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23191936"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46521304"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-risk-for-four-specific-congenital-heart-defects-associated-with-assisted-rep-hqhbc8dj/","name":"The risk for four specific congenital heart defects associated with assisted reproductive techniques: a population-based evaluation","headline":"The risk for four specific congenital heart defects associated with assisted reproductive techniques: a population-based evaluation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-risk-for-four-specific-congenital-heart-defects-associated-with-assisted-rep-hqhbc8dj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Tararbit K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lelong N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thieulin AC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Houyel L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bonnet D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Francois Goffinet","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9643-0299","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Paris Cité","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05f82e368"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Babak Khoshnood","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4031-4915","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Maternité Port Royal","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x72gm71"}}],"datePublished":"2012-11-22","abstract":"Study question: Are the risks of hypoplastic left heart syndrome, transposition of great arteries, tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) and coarctation of the aorta increased in infants conceived by different assisted reproductive techniques (ARTs)?Study answerARTs, and particularly intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), are specifically associated with a higher risk of TOF.What is already knownARTs are associated with an increase in the overall risk of birth defects. The risk for congenital heart defects (CHDs) associated with ARTs has been evaluated as a whole but there is limited information on the risks for specific CHDs. STUDY DESIGN, MATERIAL AND METHODS: We conducted a case-control study using population-based data from the Paris registry of congenital malformations for the period 1987-2009 and a cohort study of CHD (EPICARD) on 1583 cases of CHDs and 4104 malformed controls with no known associations with ARTs. ARTs included ovulation induction only, IVF and ICSI.\n\nResults: Exposure to ARTs was significantly higher for TOF than controls (6.6 versus 3.5%, P = 0.002); this was not the case for the other three CHDs. ARTs (all methods combined) were associated with a 2.4-fold higher odds of TOF after adjustment for maternal characteristics, paternal age and year of birth [adjusted odds ratios (OR): 2.4, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.5-3.7] with the highest risk associated with ICSI (adjusted OR: 3.0, 95% CI: 1.0-8.9). No statistically significant associations were found for the other CHDs.\n\nLimitations: Our study cannot disentangle to what extent the observed associations between the risk of TOF and ARTs are due to causal effects of ARTs and/or the underlying infertility problems of couples who conceive following ART.\n\nImplications: The developmental basis of the specific association between the risk of TOF and ARTs need to be further investigated.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"28","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction"}}},"pageStart":"367","pageEnd":"374","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/des400","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37418182"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/des400"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37418182"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-metformin-use-in-pregnant-patients-with-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-rec3ht6pyo3d1hv8c/","name":"Effects of metformin use in pregnant patients with polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"Effects of metformin use in pregnant patients with polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-metformin-use-in-pregnant-patients-with-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-rec3ht6pyo3d1hv8c/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"K M Khan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6748-0668","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pratap Kumar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5026-3261","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kasturba Medical College, Manipal","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hg48t65"}}],"datePublished":"2012-11-20","abstract":"Use of metformin throughout pregnancy in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has shown to reduce the rates of early pregnancy loss, preterm labor, and prevention of fetal growth restriction. Metformin has been shown to have encouraging effects on several metabolic aspects of polycystic ovarian syndrome, such as insulin sensitivity, plasma glucose concentration and lipid profile and since women with PCOS are more likely than healthy women to suffer from pregnancy-related problems like early pregnancy loss, gestational diabetes mellitus and hypertensive states in pregnancy, the use of metformin therapy in these patients throughout pregnancy may have beneficial effects on early pregnancy loss and development of gestational diabetes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Human Reproductive Sciences"}}},"pageStart":"166","pageEnd":"169","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.4103/0974-1208.101012","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34312544"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4103/0974-1208.101012"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23162354"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34312544"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-recb9sxyajhn1nmwz/","name":"Natural family planning","headline":"Natural family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-recb9sxyajhn1nmwz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Smoley BA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christina M Robinson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6879-7026","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dartmouth Psychiatric Research Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02td3ps96"}}],"datePublished":"2012-11-20","abstract":"Natural family planning methods provide a unique option for committed couples. Advantages include the lack of medical adverse effects and the opportunity for participants to learn about reproduction. Modern methods of natural family planning involve observation of biologic markers to identify fertile days in a woman's reproductive cycle. The timing of intercourse can be planned to achieve or avoid pregnancy based on the identified fertile period. The current evidence for effectiveness of natural family planning methods is limited to lower-quality clinical trials without control groups. Nevertheless, perfect use of these methods is reported to be at least 95 percent effective in preventing pregnancy. The effectiveness of typical use is 76 percent, which demonstrates that motivation and commitment to the method are essential for success. Depending on the method, couples can learn about natural family planning methods in a single office visit, through online instruction, or from certified instructors.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"86","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Family Physician"}}},"pageStart":"924","pageEnd":"928","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/randomized-comparison-of-two-internet-supported-fertility-awareness-based-method-recqnv7pftlkehphc/","name":"Randomized comparison of two Internet-supported fertility-awareness-based methods  of family planning","headline":"Randomized comparison of two Internet-supported fertility-awareness-based methods  of family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/randomized-comparison-of-two-internet-supported-fertility-awareness-based-method-recqnv7pftlkehphc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Schneider","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8090-4971","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathleen Mary Raviele","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2062-8041","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dekalb Medical Tucker, Georgia, USA"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jessica Pruszynski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0786-0081","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical College of Wisconsin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00qqv6244"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dana Rodriguez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5459-2417","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}}],"datePublished":"2012-11-17","abstract":"Background: The aim was to compare the efficacy and acceptability of two Internet-supported fertility-awareness-based methods of family planning.\n\nSTUDY Design: Six hundred and sixty-seven women and their male partners were randomized into either an electronic hormonal fertility monitor (EHFM) group or a cervical mucus monitoring (CMM) group. Both groups utilized a Web site with instructions, charts and support. Acceptability was assessed online at 1, 3 and 6 months. Pregnancy rates were determined by survival analysis.\n\nResults: The EHFM participants (N=197) had a total pregnancy rate of 7 per 100 users over 12 months of use compared with 18.5 for the CMM group (N=164). The log rank survival test showed a significant difference (p<.01) in survival functions. Mean acceptability for both groups increased significantly over time (p<.0001). Continuation rates at 12 months were 40.6% for the monitor group and 36.6% for the mucus group.\n\nConclusion: In comparison with the CMM, the EHFM method of family planning was more effective. All users had an increase in acceptability over time. Results are tempered by the high dropout rate.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"88","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"24","pageEnd":"30","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2012.10.010","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43822915"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.contraception.2012.10.010"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23153900"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43822915"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/engaging-men-in-family-planning-services-delivery-experiences-introducing-the-st-recnj8y7m2e9u2xly/","name":"Engaging men in family planning services delivery: experiences introducing the  Standard Days Method® in four countries","headline":"Engaging men in family planning services delivery: experiences introducing the  Standard Days Method® in four countries","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/engaging-men-in-family-planning-services-delivery-experiences-introducing-the-st-recnj8y7m2e9u2xly/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rebecka Lundgren","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9607-5722","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Victoria Jennings","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9447-4260","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jeannette Cachan"}],"datePublished":"2012-11-09","abstract":"Family planning is often regarded as the woman's responsibility, but there is growing recognition of the need to involve men in family planning programs. Since 2001, the fertility-awareness-based Standard Days Method® (SDM) has been introduced in more than 30 countries, providing a natural, effective birth control option. SDM requires the cooperation of the male partner, and its introduction created an opportunity to test innovative strategies to engage couples in family planning. Such strategies included couple counselling, outreach activities that encouraged men to participate in family planning and integration of family planning into traditionally male programs. Due to the SDM's intrinsic characteristics as a couple method, SDM providers are sensitized to the importance of exploring other critical sexual and reproductive health topics, including intimate partner violence, HIV, sexuality and partner communication. This paper presents several case studies describing how men were engaged in SDM introduction activities in four countries.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"World Health & Population"}}},"pageStart":"44","pageEnd":"51","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.12927/whp.2013.23097","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q85387991"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.12927/whp.2013.23097"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23135072"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q85387991"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-influence-of-bmi-levels-on-phases-of-the-menstrual-cycle-and-presumed-ovulation-recpxcepbkg2bu41h/","name":"The Influence of BMI Levels on Phases of the Menstrual Cycle and Presumed Ovulation","headline":"The Influence of BMI Levels on Phases of the Menstrual Cycle and Presumed Ovulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-influence-of-bmi-levels-on-phases-of-the-menstrual-cycle-and-presumed-ovulation-recpxcepbkg2bu41h/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Grace Lasquety","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Medical Center of Aurora","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04qw37741"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dana Rodriguez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5459-2417","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}}],"datePublished":"2012-11-01","abstract":"Obesity and high body mass index (BMI) are known to be risks for anovulation and infertility. Little is known about how BMI levels affect parameters of the menstrual cycle. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of BMI on parameters of the menstrual cycle and the likelihood for ovulation. The participants in this study were 244 women between the ages of twenty and fifty-four (mean thirty years) who charted from one to thirty-six menstrual cycles (mean seven cycles) for a total of 2,035 cycles. Urinary luteinizing hormone (LH) threshold tests were used to estimate the day of ovulation and the lengths of the follicular and luteal phases. The 244 participants were classified as normal weight with a BMI of 18.5-24.9 kg/m2 (N = 141), overweight with a BMI of 25-29.9 kg/m2 (N = 67), and obese with a BMI of 30 kg/m2 or greater (N = 36). One-way ANOVA indicated that there was a significant difference between groups in length of the luteal phase (F = 4.62, p < 0.01) and length of menses (F = 3.03, p < 0.05). Odds ratio indicated that the combined obese and overweight group was 34 percent less likely to have a positive detected urinary LH surge. We concluded that obesity might contribute to infertility by shortening the luteal phase and decreasing the probability of ovulatory menstrual cycles.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"79","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"451","pageEnd":"459","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1179/002436312804827082","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90789292"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1179/002436312804827082"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30082988"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q90789292"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-evaluation-and-treatment-of-cervical-factor-infertility-a-medical-moral-anal-recdkvjhcuigoqnsb/","name":"The Evaluation and Treatment of Cervical Factor Infertility a Medical-Moral  Analysis","headline":"The Evaluation and Treatment of Cervical Factor Infertility a Medical-Moral  Analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-evaluation-and-treatment-of-cervical-factor-infertility-a-medical-moral-anal-recdkvjhcuigoqnsb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Catherine E Keefe","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Human Reproduction","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05avmsq62"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Renee Mirkes","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontifical John Paul II Institute for Studies on Marriage and Family","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xphj289"}}],"datePublished":"2012-11-01","abstract":"The current approach to infertility of assisted reproductive technology (ART) completely misses and then bypasses the evaluation and treatment of cervical factor infertility. In contrast, the Creighton Model Fertility Care System (CrMS), a method of fertility awareness that has the unique ability to quantify cervical mucus observations, and natural procreative technology (NaProTECHNOLOGY or NPT) directly evaluate and treat cervical factor infertility. The ART treatment of choice for cervical factor infertility--intrauterine insemination (IUI)--is also morally disparate from the NPT treatment protocol: while the latter genuinely assists the infertile couple's act of sexual union to achieve its natural end of pregnancy, IUI replaces the natural act, depriving human conception of the one context worthy of the dignity of human life and procreation, a reciprocal self-gifting act of love between husband and wife. A renewed interest and focus on the direct evaluation and treatment of cervical factor infertility is needed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"79","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"409","pageEnd":"425","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1179/002436312804827127","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64978925"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1179/002436312804827127"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30082986"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q64978925"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-linacre-quarterly-rhythm-nfp-and-human-fertility-from-popes-pius-xi-through--recrx78gqidbqt2ok/","name":"The Linacre Quarterly, Rhythm, NFP, and Human Fertility from Popes Pius XI  through Benedict XVI","headline":"The Linacre Quarterly, Rhythm, NFP, and Human Fertility from Popes Pius XI  through Benedict XVI","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-linacre-quarterly-rhythm-nfp-and-human-fertility-from-popes-pius-xi-through--recrx78gqidbqt2ok/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung Jr"}],"datePublished":"2012-11-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"79","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"389","pageEnd":"392","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1179/002436312804827091","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64956525"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1179/002436312804827091"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30082984"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q64956525"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/is-fibromyalgia-an-endocrineendorphin-deficit-disorder-is-low-dose-naltrexone-a--ecf6omfn/","name":"Is Fibromyalgia An Endocrine/Endorphin Deficit Disorder? Is Low Dose Naltrexone a New Treatment Option?","headline":"Is Fibromyalgia An Endocrine/Endorphin Deficit Disorder? Is Low Dose Naltrexone a New Treatment Option?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/is-fibromyalgia-an-endocrineendorphin-deficit-disorder-is-low-dose-naltrexone-a--ecf6omfn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ramanathan S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Panksepp J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Johnson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9841-1013"}],"datePublished":"2012-11-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"53","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Psychosomatics"}}},"pageStart":"591","pageEnd":"594","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psym.2011.11.006","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.psym.2011.11.006"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/descriptive-statistical-evaluation-of-the-standard-days-method-of-family-plannin-rec3byihuazdkkuit/","name":"Descriptive Statistical Evaluation of the Standard Days Method of Family  Planning","headline":"Descriptive Statistical Evaluation of the Standard Days Method of Family  Planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/descriptive-statistical-evaluation-of-the-standard-days-method-of-family-plannin-rec3byihuazdkkuit/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Schneider","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8090-4971","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}}],"datePublished":"2012-11-01","abstract":"The Standard Days Method (SDM) is a method of family planning that assumes ovulation to be close to the midpoint of the menstrual cycle; fertility falls between days 8 and 19; and is most effective for cycle lengths between twenty-six and thirty-two days. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the assumptions of the SDM with a new data set of 714 menstrual cycles produced by 131 women (mean age twenty-nine) who tracked their fertility with an electronic fertility monitor that measured urinary estrogen and luteinizing hormone (LH). The LH peak was used to estimate the day of ovulation (EDO) and the six-day fertile window. Results indicated the majority (80 percent) of menstrual cycles had EDOs within three days of the midpoint of the cycle (86 percent with cycle lengths between twenty-six and thirty-two days). Approximately 22.5 percent (172) of the cycles had fertile window days outside of days 8 to 19, 10.2 percent (78) before, and 12.1 percent (92) after. However, there is a low probability of pregnancy when women experience short cycles and the early days of the fertile window are outside of days 8 through 19. We concluded assumptions of the SDM outside of the fertile window with long cycles could be problematic. However, the SDM is valid for women who have most cycles within the twenty-six to thirty-two day range.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"79","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"460","pageEnd":"473","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1179/002436312804827064","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90789298"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1179/002436312804827064"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30082989"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q90789298"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/perfluorochemicals-and-endometriosis-the-endo-study-reco91yfpvywjysb8/","name":"Perfluorochemicals and endometriosis: the ENDO study","headline":"Perfluorochemicals and endometriosis: the ENDO study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/perfluorochemicals-and-endometriosis-the-endo-study-reco91yfpvywjysb8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Germaine M Buck Louis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1774-4490","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Matthew Peterson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4644-602X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhian Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6423-105X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rajeshwari Sundaram","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6918-5002","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael W Varner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9455-3973","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Linda C Giudice","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1677-0822","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anne Kennedy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1690-8086","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lei Sun","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5260-0600","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qing Wu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7248-9755","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wadsworth Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/050kf9c55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kurunthachalam Kannan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1926-7456","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"New York State Department of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04hf5kq57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary S Croughan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Victor Y Fujimoto","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary L Hediger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}}],"datePublished":"2012-11-01","abstract":"Background: Environmental chemicals may be associated with endometriosis. No published research has focused on the possible role of perfluorochemicals (PFCs) despite their widespread presence in human tissues.\n\nMethods: We formulated two samples. The first was an operative sample comprising 495 women aged 18-44 years scheduled for laparoscopy/laparotomy at one of 14 participating clinical sites in the Salt Lake City or San Francisco area, 2007-2009. The second was a population-based sample comprising 131 women matched to the operative sample on age and residence within a 50-mile radius of participating clinics. Interviews and anthropometric assessments were conducted at enrollment, along with blood collection for the analysis of nine PFCs, which were quantified using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Endometriosis was defined based on surgical visualization (in the operative sample) or magnetic resonance imaging (in the population sample). Using logistic regression, we estimated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each PFC (log-transformed), adjusting for age and body mass index, and then parity.\n\nResults: Serum perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA; OR = 1.89 [95% CI = 1.17-3.06]) and perfluorononanoic acid (2.20 [1.02-4.75]) were associated with endometriosis in the operative sample; findings were moderately attenuated with parity adjustment (1.62 [0.99-2.66] and 1.99 [0.91-4.33], respectively). Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (1.86 [1.05-3.30]) and PFOA (2.58 [1.18-5.64]) increased the odds for moderate/severe endometriosis, although the odds were similarly attenuated with parity adjustment (OR = 1.50 and 1.86, respectively).\n\nConclusions: Select PFCs were associated with an endometriosis diagnosis. These associations await corroboration.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"23","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)"}}},"pageStart":"799","pageEnd":"805","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/EDE.0b013e31826cc0cf","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34004281"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/EDE.0b013e31826cc0cf"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22992575"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34004281"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-role-of-antimullerian-hormone-in-female-fertility-and-infertility-an-overvie-at8toae5/","name":"The role of anti-Müllerian hormone in female fertility and infertility - an overview","headline":"The role of anti-Müllerian hormone in female fertility and infertility - an overview","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-role-of-antimullerian-hormone-in-female-fertility-and-infertility-an-overvie-at8toae5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Grynnerup AG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anette Lindhard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3272-4671","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rigshospitalet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mchdq19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sørensen S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9766-5820"}],"datePublished":"2012-11-01","abstract":"Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) plasma levels reflect the continuous non-cyclic growth of small follicles, thereby mirroring the size of the resting primordial follicle pool and thus acting as a useful marker of ovarian reserve. Anti-Müllerian hormone seems to be the best endocrine marker for assessing the age-related decline of the ovarian pool in healthy women; thus, it has a potential ability to predict future reproductive lifespan. The most established role for AMH measurements is before in vitro fertilization is initiated, because AMH can be predictive of the ovarian response, namely poor and hyper-responses. However, recent research has also highlighted the use of AMH in a variety of ovarian pathological conditions, including polycystic ovary syndrome, granulosa cell tumors and premature ovarian failure. A new commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for measuring AMH levels has been developed, making results from different studies more comparable. Nevertheless, widespread clinical application awaits an international standard for AMH, so that results using future assays can be reliably compared.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"91","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica"}}},"pageStart":"1252","pageEnd":"60","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0412.2012.01471.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34278051"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1600-0412.2012.01471.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22646322"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34278051"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-instruction-as-a-marriage-requirement-a-retrospective-an-rec78tefm7f687470/","name":"Natural Family Planning Instruction as a Marriage Requirement a Retrospective  Analysis of the First Two Years' Experience in the Diocese of Covington()","headline":"Natural Family Planning Instruction as a Marriage Requirement a Retrospective  Analysis of the First Two Years' Experience in the Diocese of Covington()","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-instruction-as-a-marriage-requirement-a-retrospective-an-rec78tefm7f687470/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael D Manhart","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1727-1846","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"RTI International","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052tfza37"}}],"datePublished":"2012-11-01","abstract":"Beginning January 1, 2009, the Roman Catholic Diocese of Covington mandated that all engaged couples take a full course of NFP instruction as part of preparation for marriage within the Church. Using data from the Couple to Couple League and its Covington-based instructors, overall NFP instruction and characteristics of the couples attending classes before and after the mandate were examined. In the first two years, 66 percent and 77 percent of couples who married in the diocese, respectively, attended an NFP class. The mandate shifted the reasons for couples taking NFP instruction; prior to the mandate, 40 percent of engaged couples attended classes solely due to a pastor's requirement while 74 percent of engaged couples did so afterward (p < 0.001). Hormonal contraceptive use was common; 54 percent reported current use while another 23 percent reported former use. Current hormonal contraceptive use was significantly more common among those attending solely due to the mandate compared to those attending for multiple reasons (59 percent vs. 41 percent respectively, p = 0.004) and was significantly more common among engaged compared to married couples (53 percent vs. 8 percent respectively, p < 0.001). Cohabiting engaged couples were significantly more likely to have ever used hormonal contraceptives (91 percent vs. 71 percent, p < 0.0001), compared to engaged couples who were not cohabiting at the time of NFP instruction, and were significantly less likely to both be Catholic (55 percent vs. 70 percent, p = 0.002). Overall, implementation of mandatory NFP instruction as part of marriage preparation was successful; in post-class surveys, over 90 percent of couples acknowledged they had a better understanding of their fertility, and 83 percent would recommend the classes to a friend. Longer-term prospective follow-up is needed to evaluate the long-term impacts to couples exposed to such a requirement.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"79","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"487","pageEnd":"498","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1179/002436312804827136","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57213082"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1179/002436312804827136"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30082991"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q57213082"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-importance-of-fertility-awareness-in-the-assessment-of-a-womans-health-a-rev-recmmebbcvxamvfwq/","name":"The Importance of Fertility Awareness in the Assessment of a Woman's Health a  Review","headline":"The Importance of Fertility Awareness in the Assessment of a Woman's Health a  Review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-importance-of-fertility-awareness-in-the-assessment-of-a-womans-health-a-rev-recmmebbcvxamvfwq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Manuel E Cortés","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0845-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x0xhn70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leonard F Blackwell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massey University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052czxv31"}}],"datePublished":"2012-11-01","abstract":"Fertility awareness constitutes fundamental knowledge for every woman and is an important tool for health professionals. The objective of this review is to show how fertility awareness can be useful in the assessment of a woman's health. The main techniques for detecting ovulation are explained, and then the events that characterize a normal menstrual cycle are discussed. The relevance of cervical mucus from the perspective of female fertility is highlighted. Finally, the usefulness of fertility awareness 1) to identify fertile and infertile periods, 2) to help to detect several pathologies, and 3) in regards to how it exerts an important role in the success of programs in education for affectivity and sexuality are discussed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"79","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"426","pageEnd":"450","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1179/002436312804827109","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64980810"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1179/002436312804827109"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30082987"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q64980810"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/childhood-thyroid-radioiodine-exposure-and-subsequent-infertility-in-the-intermo-recdgeih6uhp73pne/","name":"Childhood thyroid radioiodine exposure and subsequent infertility in the intermountain fallout cohort","headline":"Childhood thyroid radioiodine exposure and subsequent infertility in the intermountain fallout cohort","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/childhood-thyroid-radioiodine-exposure-and-subsequent-infertility-in-the-intermo-recdgeih6uhp73pne/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph L Lyon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0195-3615","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephen C Alder","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Bishop Stone","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"James VanDerslice","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0008-6353","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2012-10-25","abstract":"Background: Above-ground and underground nuclear weapon detonation at the Nevada Test Site (1951-1992) has resulted in radioiodine exposure for nearby populations. Although the long-term effect of environmental radioiodine exposure on thyroid disease has been well studied, little is known regarding the effect of childhood radioiodine exposure on subsequent fertility.\n\nObjectives: We investigated early childhood thyroid radiation exposure from nuclear testing fallout (supplied predominantly by radioactive isotopes of iodine) and self-reported lifetime incidence of male or female infertility or sterility.\n\nMethods: Participants were members of the 1965 Intermountain Fallout Cohort, schoolchildren at the time of exposure who were reexamined during two subsequent study phases to collect dietary and reproductive histories. Thyroid radiation exposure was calculated via an updated dosimetry model. We used multivariable logistic regression with robust sandwich estimators to estimate odds ratios for infertility, adjusted for potential confounders and (in separate models) for a medically confirmed history of thyroid disease.\n\nResults: Of 1,389 participants with dosimetry and known fertility history, 274 were classified as infertile, including 30 classified as sterile. Childhood thyroid radiation dose was possibly associated with infertility [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.17; 95% CI: 0.82, 1.67 and AOR = 1.35; 95% CI: 0.96, 1.90 for the middle and upper tertiles vs. the first tertile of exposure, respectively]. The odds ratios were attenuated (AOR = 1.08; 95% CI: 0.75, 1.55 and AOR = 1.29; 95% CI: 0.91, 1.83 for the middle and upper tertiles, respectively) after adjusting for thyroid disease. There was no association of childhood radiation dose and sterility.\n\nConclusion: Our findings suggest that childhood radioiodine exposure from nuclear testing may be related to subsequent adult infertility. Further research is required to confirm this.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"121","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environmental health perspectives"}}},"pageStart":"79","pageEnd":"84","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1104231","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28393504"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1289/ehp.1104231"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23099433"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28393504"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menarche-menopause-and-breast-cancer-risk-individual-participant-meta-analysis-i-rectrihgqlhl1alnv/","name":"Menarche, menopause, and breast cancer risk: individual participant  meta-analysis, including 118 964 women with breast cancer from 117  epidemiological studies","headline":"Menarche, menopause, and breast cancer risk: individual participant  meta-analysis, including 118 964 women with breast cancer from 117  epidemiological studies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menarche-menopause-and-breast-cancer-risk-individual-participant-meta-analysis-i-rectrihgqlhl1alnv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Collaborative Group on Hormonal Factors in Breast Cancer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Richard Doll Building, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK. collaborations@ceu.ox.ac.uk"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"No Authors Listed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4186-1435","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad de Granada"}}],"datePublished":"2012-10-23","abstract":"Background: Menarche and menopause mark the onset and cessation, respectively, of ovarian activity associated with reproduction, and affect breast cancer risk. Our aim was to assess the strengths of their effects and determine whether they depend on characteristics of the tumours or the affected women.\n\nMethods: Individual data from 117 epidemiological studies, including 118 964 women with invasive breast cancer and 306 091 without the disease, none of whom had used menopausal hormone therapy, were included in the analyses. We calculated adjusted relative risks (RRs) associated with menarche and menopause for breast cancer overall, and by tumour histology and by oestrogen receptor expression.\n\nFindings: Breast cancer risk increased by a factor of 1·050 (95% CI 1·044-1·057; p<0·0001) for every year younger at menarche, and independently by a smaller amount (1·029, 1·025-1·032; p<0·0001), for every year older at menopause. Premenopausal women had a greater risk of breast cancer than postmenopausal women of an identical age (RR at age 45-54 years 1·43, 1·33-1·52, p<0·001). All three of these associations were attenuated by increasing adiposity among postmenopausal women, but did not vary materially by women's year of birth, ethnic origin, childbearing history, smoking, alcohol consumption, or hormonal contraceptive use. All three associations were stronger for lobular than for ductal tumours (p<0·006 for each comparison). The effect of menopause in women of an identical age and trends by age at menopause were stronger for oestrogen receptor-positive disease than for oestrogen receptor-negative disease (p<0·01 for both comparisons).\n\nInterpretation: The effects of menarche and menopause on breast cancer risk might not be acting merely by lengthening women's total number of reproductive years. Endogenous ovarian hormones are more relevant for oestrogen receptor-positive disease than for oestrogen receptor-negative disease and for lobular than for ductal tumours.\n\nFunding: Cancer Research UK.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Lancet. Oncology"}}},"pageStart":"1141","pageEnd":"1151","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(12)70425-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36368636"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/S1470-2045(12)70425-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23084519"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36368636"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/httpswwwfdagovfilesdrugspublishedcombined-hormonal-contraceptives-chcs-and-the-risk-of-cardiovascular-disease-endpoints-reportpdf-reccm5booncqie11h/","name":"Recent combined hormonal contraceptives (CHCs) and the risk of thromboembolism and other cardiovascular events in new users","headline":"Recent combined hormonal contraceptives (CHCs) and the risk of thromboembolism and other cardiovascular events in new users","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/httpswwwfdagovfilesdrugspublishedcombined-hormonal-contraceptives-chcs-and-the-risk-of-cardiovascular-disease-endpoints-reportpdf-reccm5booncqie11h/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephen Sidney","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7454-5036","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaiser Permanente","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t60zh31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Craig Cheetham","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0625-3653","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaiser Permanente","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t60zh31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rita Ouellet‐Hellstrom"},{"@type":"Person","name":"David J Graham","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7469-4047"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Deborah Davis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7774-2016","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Canberra, 11 Kirinari St, Bruce ACT, 2617, Australia. Deborah.davis@canberra.edu.au.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04s1nv328"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Charles P Quesenberry","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8272-9126","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaiser Permanente","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t60zh31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"William O. Cooper","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8527-4569","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of St Andrews","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02wn5qz54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Frederick A Connell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rita Ouellet-Hellstrom"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael Sorel","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaiser Permanente","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t60zh31"}}],"datePublished":"2012-10-19","abstract":"Background: Combined hormonal contraceptives (CHCs) place women at increased risk of venous thromboembolic events (VTEs) and arterial thrombotic events (ATEs), including acute myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke. There is concern that three recent CHC preparations [drospirenone-containing pills (DRSPs), the norelgestromin-containing transdermal patch (NGMN) and the etonogestrel vaginal ring (ETON)] may place women at even higher risk of thrombosis than other older low-dose CHCs with a known safety profile.\n\nStudy design: All VTEs and all hospitalized ATEs were identified in women, ages 10-55 years, from two integrated health care programs and two state Medicaid programs during the time period covering their new use of DRSP, NGMN, ETON or one of four low-dose estrogen comparator CHCs. The relative risk of thrombotic and thromboembolic outcomes associated with the newer CHCs in relation to the comparators was assessed with Cox proportional hazards regression models adjusting for age, site and year of entry into the study.\n\nResults: The hazards ratio for DRSP in relation to low-dose estrogen comparators among new users was 1.77 (95% confidence interval 1.33-2.35) for VTE and 2.01 (1.06-3.81) for ATE. The increased risk of DRSP was limited to the 10-34-year age group for VTE and the 35-55-year group for ATE. Use of the NGMN patch and ETON vaginal ring was not associated with increased risk of either thromboembolic or thrombotic outcomes.\n\nConclusions: In new users, DRSP was associated with higher risk of thrombotic events (VTE and ATE) relative to low-dose estrogen comparator CHCs, while the use of the NGMN patch and ETON vaginal ring was not.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"87","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"93","pageEnd":"100","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2012.09.015","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46118739"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.contraception.2012.09.015"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23083525"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46118739"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/meta-analysis-of-genome-wide-studies-identifies-wnt16-and-esr1-snps-associated-w-recayztjzwfpsqvzp/","name":"Meta-analysis of genome-wide studies identifies WNT16 and ESR1 SNPs associated  with bone mineral density in premenopausal women","headline":"Meta-analysis of genome-wide studies identifies WNT16 and ESR1 SNPs associated  with bone mineral density in premenopausal women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/meta-analysis-of-genome-wide-studies-identifies-wnt16-and-esr1-snps-associated-w-recayztjzwfpsqvzp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Daniel L Koller, Hou-Feng Zheng, David Karasik, Laura Yerges-Armstrong, Ching-Ti Liu, Fiona McGuigan, John P Kemp, Sylvie Giroux, Dongbing Lai, Howard J Edenberg, Munro Peacock, Stefan A Czerwinski, Audrey C Choh, George McMahon, Beate St Pourcain, Nicholas J Timpson, Debbie A Lawlor, David M Evans, Bradford Towne, John Blangero, Melanie A Carless, Candace Kammerer, David Goltzman, Christopher S Kovacs, Jerilynn C Prior, Tim D Spector, Francois Rousseau, Jon H Tobias, Kristina Akesson, Michael J Econs, Braxton D Mitchell, J Brent Richards, Douglas P Kiel, Tatiana Foroud"}],"datePublished":"2012-10-18","abstract":"Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified common variants in genes associated with variation in bone mineral density (BMD), although most have been carried out in combined samples of older women and men. Meta-analyses of these results have identified numerous single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of modest effect at genome-wide significance levels in genes involved in both bone formation and resorption, as well as other pathways. We performed a meta-analysis restricted to premenopausal white women from four cohorts (n = 4061 women, aged 20 to 45 years) to identify genes influencing peak bone mass at the lumbar spine and femoral neck. After imputation, ageand weight-adjusted bone-mineral density (BMD) values were tested for association with each SNP. Association of an SNP in the WNT16 gene (rs3801387; p = 1.7 × 10(-9) ) and multiple SNPs in the ESR1/C6orf97 region (rs4870044; p = 1.3 × 10(-8) ) achieved genome-wide significance levels for lumbar spine BMD. These SNPs, along with others demonstrating suggestive evidence of association, were then tested for association in seven replication cohorts that included premenopausal women of European, Hispanic-American, and African-American descent (combined n = 5597 for femoral neck; n = 4744 for lumbar spine). When the data from the discovery and replication cohorts were analyzed jointly, the evidence was more significant (WNT16 joint p = 1.3 × 10(-11) ; ESR1/C6orf97 joint p = 1.4 × 10(-10) ). Multiple independent association signals were observed with spine BMD at the ESR1 region after conditioning on the primary signal. Analyses of femoral neck BMD also supported association with SNPs in WNT16 and ESR1/C6orf97 (p < 1 × 10(-5) ). Our results confirm that several of the genes contributing to BMD variation across a broad age range in both sexes have effects of similar magnitude on BMD of the spine in premenopausal women. These data support the hypothesis that variants in these genes of known skeletal function also affect BMD during the premenopausal period.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"28","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Bone and Mineral Research : the Official Journal of the American  Society for Bone and Mineral Research"}}},"pageStart":"547","pageEnd":"558","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.1796","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36950799"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/jbmr.1796"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23074152"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36950799"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/marital-fertility-and-income-moderating-effects-of-the-church-of-jesus-christ-of-rec8bkim9g7zdyin5/","name":"Marital fertility and income: moderating effects of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints religion in Utah","headline":"Marital fertility and income: moderating effects of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints religion in Utah","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/marital-fertility-and-income-moderating-effects-of-the-church-of-jesus-christ-of-rec8bkim9g7zdyin5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ken R Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0682-3705","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2012-10-17","abstract":"Utah has the highest total fertility of any state in the United States and also the highest proportion of population affiliated with the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (the LDS or Mormon Church). Data were used from the 1996 Utah Health Status Survey to investigate how annual household income, education and affiliation with the LDS Church affect fertility (children ever born) for married women in Utah. Younger age and higher education were negatively correlated with fertility in the sample as a whole and among non-LDS respondents. Income was negatively associated with fertility among non-LDS respondents. However, income was positively correlated with fertility among LDS respondents. This association persisted when instrumental variables were used to address the potential simultaneous equations bias arising from the potential endogeneity of income and fertility. The LDS religion's pronatalist stance probably encourages childbearing among those with higher income.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"45","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Biosocial Science"}}},"pageStart":"239","pageEnd":"248","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1017/S002193201200065X","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44478201"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1017/S002193201200065X"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23069479"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44478201"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptive-use-and-risk-of-breast-cancer-a-meta-analysis-of-prospective--rec421mzid5vnedjx/","name":"Oral contraceptive use and risk of breast cancer: a meta-analysis of prospective  cohort studies","headline":"Oral contraceptive use and risk of breast cancer: a meta-analysis of prospective  cohort studies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptive-use-and-risk-of-breast-cancer-a-meta-analysis-of-prospective--rec421mzid5vnedjx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hang Zhu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8559-3356","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chongqing Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/017z00e58"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xun Lei","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5962-8383","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chongqing Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/017z00e58"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jing Feng","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9728-3769","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chongqing Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/017z00e58"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yuanyuan Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7687-7816","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"City of Hope","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01z1vct10"}}],"datePublished":"2012-10-16","abstract":"BACKGROUND AND Objectives: It has been suggested that taking oral contraceptives (OCs) may increase breast cancer incidence. However, data in this regard are inconsistent. We performed this meta-analysis to estimate the association between OC use and breast cancer risk.\n\nMethods: Prospective cohort studies on OC use and breast cancer risk were identified by searching databases from the period 1960 to 2012. Results from individual studies were synthetically combined using STATA 11 software.\n\nResults: A total of 13 prospective cohort studies were included in our meta-analysis, involving 11,722 cases and 859,894 participants. The combined relative risk (RR) of breast cancer for evercompared with never-OC users was 1.08 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.99-1.17). Dose-response analysis based on five eligible studies showed that every ten-years' increment of OC use was associated with a significant 14% (95% CI: 1.05-1.23) rise in breast cancer risk. Little evidence of publication bias was found.\n\nConclusions: This meta-analysis provides evidence of a non-significant increase in breast cancer risk associated with ever OC use, but the risk for long-term OC users is significantly greater. However, the latter finding is based on only a limited number of studies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care : the Official  Journal of the European Society of Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"402","pageEnd":"414","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3109/13625187.2012.715357","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34305820"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3109/13625187.2012.715357"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23061743"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34305820"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-prognosis-for-children-born-after-assisted-reproduction-t0pu2vyw/","name":"[The prognosis for children born after assisted reproduction]","headline":"[The prognosis for children born after assisted reproduction]","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-prognosis-for-children-born-after-assisted-reproduction-t0pu2vyw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Henningsen AKA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Loft A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Malchau SS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anja Pinborg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8340-104X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hvidovre Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00edrn755"}}],"datePublished":"2012-10-08","abstract":"Children who are born after assisted reproduction (ART) have a slightly increased risk of being born preterm, of having low birthweight and a higher perinatal mortality than spontaneously conceived children. The higher rate of multiple births among women having had ART can to some extent explain this. However, adverse outcomes persist even in ART singletons. The characteristics of the infertile parents have negative effects on the outcome, but also the hormone stimulation and the in vitro techniques are thought to play a role. A milder hormone stimulation and elective single embryo transfer, which reduces the number of multiples after ART, have improved the overall health of children born as a result of ART.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"174","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"41","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Ugeskrift for laeger"}}},"pageStart":"2462","pageEnd":"6","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45257139","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23050688"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q45257139"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/walnuts-improve-semen-quality-in-men-consuming-a-westernstyle-diet-randomized-co-qab626li/","name":"Walnuts improve semen quality in men consuming a Western-style diet: randomized control dietary intervention trial","headline":"Walnuts improve semen quality in men consuming a Western-style diet: randomized control dietary intervention trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/walnuts-improve-semen-quality-in-men-consuming-a-westernstyle-diet-randomized-co-qab626li/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Robbins WA","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2139-0090"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xun L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"FitzGerald LZ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Esguerra S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Henning SM","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1085-7588"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carpenter CL","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8334-4084"}],"datePublished":"2012-10-01","abstract":"We tested the hypothesis that 75 g of whole-shelled walnuts/day added to the Western-style diet of healthy young men would beneficially affect semen quality. A randomized, parallel two-group dietary intervention trial with single-blind masking of outcome assessors was conducted with 117 healthy men, age 21-35 yr old, who routinely consumed a Western-style diet. The primary outcome was improvement in conventional semen parameters and sperm aneuploidy from baseline to 12 wk. Secondary endpoints included blood serum and sperm fatty acid (FA) profiles, sex hormones, and serum folate. The group consuming walnuts (n = 59) experienced improvement in sperm vitality, motility, and morphology, but no change was seen in the group continuing their usual diet but avoiding tree nuts (n = 58). Comparing differences between the groups from baseline, significance was found for vitality (P = 0.003), motility (P = 0.009), and morphology (normal forms; P = 0.04). Serum FA profiles improved in the walnut group with increases in omega-6 (P = 0.0004) and omega-3 (P = 0.0007) but not in the control group. The plant source of omega-3, alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) increased (P = 0.0001). Sperm aneuploidy was inversely correlated with sperm ALA, particularly sex chromosome nullisomy (Spearman correlation, -0.41, P = 0.002). Findings demonstrated that walnuts added to a Western-style diet improved sperm vitality, motility, and morphology.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"87","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Biology of reproduction"}}},"pageStart":"101","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod.112.101634","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46729362"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1095/biolreprod.112.101634"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22895856"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46729362"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dietary-patterns-and-semen-quality-in-young-men-uzd2wjvd/","name":"Dietary patterns and semen quality in young men","headline":"Dietary patterns and semen quality in young men","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dietary-patterns-and-semen-quality-in-young-men-uzd2wjvd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Audrey J Gaskins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0812-7439","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia. Electronic address: Audrey.jane.gaskins@emory.edu.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Colaci DS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mendiola J","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0657-9346"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shanna H. Swan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9564-0614"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jorge E Chavarro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7790-8311","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}}],"datePublished":"2012-10-01","abstract":"STUDY QUESTION: Are different dietary patterns associated with semen parameters in young men?\n\nSTUDY ANSWER: The consumption of a Prudent dietary pattern was significantly associated with higher progressive sperm motility and unrelated to sperm concentration and morphology. The consumption of a Western dietary pattern was unrelated to conventional semen quality parameters.\n\nWHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Over the past decades there has been evidence of a concomitant decline in sperm and diet quality. Yet whether diet composition influences semen quality remains largely unexplored.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: The Rochester Young Men's Study (n= 188) was a cross-sectional study conducted between 2009 and 2010 at the University of Rochester.\n\nPARTICIPANTS, SETTING, METHODS: Men aged 18-22 years were included in this analysis. Diet was assessed via food frequency questionnaire and dietary patterns were identified by factor analysis. Linear regression was used to analyze the relation between diet patterns and conventional semen quality parameters (sperm concentration, progressive motility and morphology) adjusting for abstinence time, multivitamin use, race, smoking status, BMI, recruitment period, moderate-to-intense exercise and total calorie intake.\n\nRESULTS: Two dietary patterns were identified by factor analysis. The 'Western' pattern was characterized by high intake of red and processed meat, refined grains, pizza, snacks, high-energy drinks and sweets. The 'Prudent' pattern was characterized by high intake of fish, chicken, fruit, vegetables, legumes and whole grains. The Prudent pattern was positively associated with percent progressively motile sperm in multivariate models (P-trend = 0.04). Men in the highest quartile of the Prudent diet had 11.3% (95% CI 1.3, 21.3) higher % progressively motile sperm compared with men in the lowest quartile. The Prudent pattern was unrelated to sperm concentration and morphology. The Western pattern was not associated with any semen parameter.\n\nLIMITATIONS: This was a cross-sectional and observational study, which limited our ability to determine causality of diet on semen quality parameters.\n\nWIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: Our findings support the suggestion that a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, chicken, fish and whole grains may be an inexpensive and safe way to improve at least one measure of semen quality.\n\nSTUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS: The authors are supported by NIH grant T32DK007703-16 and P30DK46200 and European Union DEER Grant 212844. The authors have no competing interests to declare.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"27","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"2899","pageEnd":"907","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/des298","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36235034"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/des298"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22888168"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36235034"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-sperm-dna-fragmentation-on-miscarriage-rates-a-systematic-review-a-y8zre1hz/","name":"The effect of sperm DNA fragmentation on miscarriage rates: a systematic review and meta-analysis","headline":"The effect of sperm DNA fragmentation on miscarriage rates: a systematic review and meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-sperm-dna-fragmentation-on-miscarriage-rates-a-systematic-review-a-y8zre1hz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lynne Robinson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1458-3062","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Birmingham Women’s and Children’s NHS Foundation Trust","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056ajev02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ioannis Gallos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2766-358X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05y3qh794"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Conner SJ","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7116-2133"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Rajkhowa","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St James's University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/013s89d74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Miller D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lewis S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kirkman-Brown J","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2833-8970"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arri Coomarasamy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3261-9807","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Birmingham Women’s and Children’s NHS Foundation Trust","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056ajev02"}}],"datePublished":"2012-10-01","abstract":"STUDY QUESTION: Is there an association between high levels of sperm DNA damage and miscarriage?\n\nSUMMARY ANSWER: Miscarriage rates are positively correlated with sperm DNA damage levels.\n\nWHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Most ejaculates contain a subpopulation of sperm with DNA damage, also referred to as DNA fragmentation, in the form of double or single-strand breaks which have been induced in the DNA prior to or following ejaculation. This DNA damage may be particularly elevated in some subfertile men, hence several studies have examined the link between sperm DNA damage levels and conception and miscarriage rates.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies which examined the effect of sperm DNA damage on miscarriage rates was performed. Searches were conducted on MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library without any language restrictions from database inception to January 2012.\n\nPARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: We used the terms 'DNA damage' or 'DNA fragmentation' combined with 'miscarriage', 'abortion' or 'pregnancy' to generate a set of relevant citations. Data extraction was performed by two reviewers. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Meta-analysis of relative risks of miscarriage was performed with a random effects model. Subgroup analyses were performed by the type of DNA damage test, whether the sperm examined were prepared or from raw semen and for pregnancies resulting from IVF or ICSI treatment.\n\nMAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: We identified 16 cohort studies (2969 couples), 14 of which were prospective. Eight studies used acridine orange-based assays, six the TUNEL assay and two the COMET assay. Meta-analysis showed a significant increase in miscarriage in patients with high DNA damage compared with those with low DNA damage [risk ratio (RR) = 2.16 (1.54, 3.03), P < 0.00001)]. A subgroup analysis showed that the miscarriage association is strongest for the TUNEL assay (RR = 3.94 (2.45, 6.32), P < 0.00001).\n\nLIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: There is some variation in study characteristics, including the use of different assays and different thresholds for DNA damage and the definition of pregnancy loss.\n\nWIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: The use of methods which select sperm without DNA damage for use in assisted conception treatment may reduce the risk of miscarriage. This finding indicates that assays detecting DNA damage could be considered in those suffering from recurrent pregnancy loss. Further research is necessary to study the mechanisms of DNA damage and the potential therapeutic effects of antioxidant therapy.\n\nSTUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S): None.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"27","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"2908","pageEnd":"17","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/des261","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/des261"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22791753"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-awareness-based-methods-of-family-planning-a-review-of-effectiveness-f-recpanxsmpcrgo8zq/","name":"Fertility awareness-based methods of family planning: A review of effectiveness for avoiding pregnancy using SORT","headline":"Fertility awareness-based methods of family planning: A review of effectiveness for avoiding pregnancy using SORT","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-awareness-based-methods-of-family-planning-a-review-of-effectiveness-f-recpanxsmpcrgo8zq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"April Lind","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3887-2598","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Park Nicollet Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02k674x39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marguerite Duane","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duquesne University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02336z538"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Golden-Tevald","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3879-8404"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael D Manhart","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1727-1846","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"RTI International","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052tfza37"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Irit Sinai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2445-7577","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute for Reproductive Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00jt1e157"}}],"datePublished":"2012-09-01","abstract":"Each year, over three-fourths of the women of reproductive age in the United States seek family planning services from primary care clinicians. Women and their doctors should be informed of all effective family planning options and their respective effects on a woman's reproductive health. Family physicians are well-trained to support the behavior choices necessary for the successful adoption of any reversible family planning method. However, many are unfamiliar with fertility awareness-based methods (FABM) of family planning or have misconceptions about their effectiveness, complexity, or suitability for their patients. FABM teach women to observe the physical signs and symptoms that follow hormonal fluctuations throughout the menstrual cycle to identify a couple's fertile window, which can be used to avoid or achieve pregnancy. One in 5 women in the United States expressed interest in using FABM when informed about such options. When correctly used to avoid pregnancy, modern FABM have unintended pregnancy rates<5 (per 100 women years). Studies of modern FABM show that their typical unintended pregnancy rates are comparable to those of commonly used contraceptives. This article presents a review of the FABM literature to (1) familiarize the reader with the physiological basis and features of modern FABM, (2) present and utilize a framework to evaluate clinical evidence using the Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy (SORT), which supports the effectiveness of modern FABM for avoiding pregnancy, and (3) serve as a resource for health care professionals offering FABM options to their patients.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Osteopathic Family Physician"}}},"pageStart":"2","pageEnd":"8","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.osfp.2012.09.002","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55898026"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.osfp.2012.09.002"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q55898026"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-paternal-obesity-on-in-vitro-fertilization-ivf-pregnancy-and-live-bir-recmx6ynxdbn5vors/","name":"Effects of paternal obesity on in vitro fertilization (IVF) pregnancy and live birth rates","headline":"Effects of paternal obesity on in vitro fertilization (IVF) pregnancy and live birth rates","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-paternal-obesity-on-in-vitro-fertilization-ivf-pregnancy-and-live-bir-recmx6ynxdbn5vors/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christina A Porucznik","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1973-2917","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ahmad Hammoud","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7581-9024","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Douglas T Carrell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6471-2803","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R. Deshmukh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7903-5729","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Megan Link","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2850-8143","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2012-09-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"98","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"S204","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.07.746","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.07.746"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vitamin-scpdscp-in-the-aetiology-and-management-of-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-rec5arrhisfdsbcep/","name":"Vitamin D in the aetiology and management of polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"Vitamin D in the aetiology and management of polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vitamin-scpdscp-in-the-aetiology-and-management-of-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-rec5arrhisfdsbcep/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rebecca L Thomson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7807-4144","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of South Australia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p93h210"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Buckley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0298-2186","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of South Australia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p93h210"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Simon Spedding","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of South Australia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p93h210"}}],"datePublished":"2012-09-01","abstract":"Vitamin D deficiency is common in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), with the 67-85% of women with PCOS having serum concentrations of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25OHD) <20 ng/ml. Vitamin D deficiency may exacerbate symptoms of PCOS, with observational studies showing lower 25OHD levels were associated with insulin resistance, ovulatory and menstrual irregularities, lower pregnancy success, hirsutism, hyperandrogenism, obesity and elevated cardiovascular disease risk factors. There is some, but limited, evidence for beneficial effects of vitamin D supplementation on menstrual dysfunction and insulin resistance in women with PCOS. Vitamin D deficiency may play a role in exacerbating PCOS, and there may be a place for vitamin D supplementation in the management of this syndrome, but current evidence is limited and additional randomized controlled trials are required to confirm the potential benefits of vitamin D supplementation in this population.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"77","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"343","pageEnd":"350","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2265.2012.04434.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38009064"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1365-2265.2012.04434.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22574874"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38009064"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteal-phase-deficiency-in-normal-cycling-women-reco5xotgypexsnlj/","name":"Luteal phase deficiency in normal cycling women","headline":"Luteal phase deficiency in normal cycling women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteal-phase-deficiency-in-normal-cycling-women-reco5xotgypexsnlj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ahmad Hammoud","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7581-9024","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christina A Porucznik","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1973-2917","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}}],"datePublished":"2012-09-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"98","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"S25-S26","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.07.094","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.07.094"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-techniques-and-naprotechnology-recgznnmcgawidk9y/","name":"Assisted reproductive techniques and NaProTechnology","headline":"Assisted reproductive techniques and NaProTechnology","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-techniques-and-naprotechnology-recgznnmcgawidk9y/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Małgorzata Filanowicz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9188-3678","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nicolaus Copernicus University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0102mm775"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bernadeta Cegła","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nicolaus Copernicus University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0102mm775"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aneta Dowbór-Dzwonka","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nicolaus Copernicus University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0102mm775"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ewa Szymkiewicz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04c5jwj47"}}],"datePublished":"2012-09-01","abstract":"Infertility is a significant and constantly increasing individual and social problem. It is estimated that at present it affects approx. 15 to 20 percent of couples. Inability to conceive a child elicits a range of unfavourable implications in the scope of emotional experiences, in the partner’s relationship and in a broader social perspective. Making a decision on undergoing diagnostics and infertility treatment is a difficult and often postponed moment for many couples. This is an expression of the escape model of dealing with a situation that threatens with a fall of self-esteem. However, if a couple reacts in a task-oriented way and participates in the diagnostic and therapeutic procedure, new doubts appear connected with the medical, psychological, social and ethical sphere. Infertility treatment sometimes prompts fear connected with the stripping of intimacy, loss of control over one’s body, possible complications and unsuccessful therapy. This article is an analysis of the medical and the other aspects of struggling with infertility with reference to two extremely different methods of solving this problem: NaProTechnology as a process of assisting natural procreation and assisted reproductive techniques with a special consideration of in vitro fertilization.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"122","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Zdrowie publiczne"}}},"pageStart":"322","pageEnd":"328","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.12923/j.0044-2011/122/3/a.19","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.12923/j.0044-2011/122/3/a.19"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/practice-bulletin-no-128-diagnosis-of-abnormal-uterine-bleeding-in-reproductive--recln1h2p1wjzmqua/","name":"Practice bulletin no. 128: diagnosis of abnormal uterine bleeding in  reproductive-aged women","headline":"Practice bulletin no. 128: diagnosis of abnormal uterine bleeding in  reproductive-aged women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/practice-bulletin-no-128-diagnosis-of-abnormal-uterine-bleeding-in-reproductive--recln1h2p1wjzmqua/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Committee on Practice Bulletins—Gynecology"},{"@type":"Person","name":"ACOG","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7450-1543","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen"}}],"datePublished":"2012-08-24","abstract":"Obstetrics & Gynecology: July 2012 - Volume 120 - Issue 1 - p 197-206 doi: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e318262e320","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"120","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"197","pageEnd":"206","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0b013e318262e320","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84852248"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/AOG.0b013e318262e320"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22914421"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q84852248"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/inflammation-leukocytes-and-menstruation-recg6cu8sdompn3ws/","name":"Inflammation, leukocytes and menstruation","headline":"Inflammation, leukocytes and menstruation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/inflammation-leukocytes-and-menstruation-recg6cu8sdompn3ws/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jemma Evans","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9160-9254","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute for Medical Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bpc5f92"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lois A Salamonsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0558-7325","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Monash Institute of Medical Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p96ba03"}}],"datePublished":"2012-08-07","abstract":"Menstruation has many of the features of an inflammatory process. The complexity and sequence of inflammatory-type events leading to the final tissue breakdown and bleeding are slowly being unravelled. Progesterone has anti-inflammatory properties, and its rapidly declining levels (along with those of estrogen) in the late secretory phase of each non-conception cycle, initiates a sequence of interdependent events of an inflammatory nature involving local inter-cellular interactions within the endometrium. Intracellular responses to loss of progesterone (in decidualized stromal, vascular and epithelial cells) lead to decreased prostaglandin metabolism and loss of protection from reactive oxygen species (ROS). Increased ROS results in release of NFκB from suppression with activation of target gene transcription and increased synthesis of pro-inflammatory prostaglandins, cytokines, chemokines and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP). The resultant leukocyte recruitment, with changing phenotypes and activation, provide further degradative enzymes and MMP activators, which together with a hypoxic environment induced by prostaglandin actions, lead to the tissue breakdown and bleeding characteristic of menstruation. In parallel, at sites where shedding is complete, microenvironmentally-induced changes in phenotypes of neutrophils and macrophages from proto anti-inflammatory, in addition to induction of growth factors, contribute to the very rapid re-epithelialization and restoration of tissue integrity.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders"}}},"pageStart":"277","pageEnd":"288","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s11154-012-9223-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38032222"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s11154-012-9223-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22865231"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38032222"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-for-hot-flush-and-night-sweat-treatment--effectiveness-for-severe-v-recsdo8noklhv6oys/","name":"Progesterone for hot flush and night sweat treatment--effectiveness for severe  vasomotor symptoms and lack of withdrawal rebound","headline":"Progesterone for hot flush and night sweat treatment--effectiveness for severe  vasomotor symptoms and lack of withdrawal rebound","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-for-hot-flush-and-night-sweat-treatment--effectiveness-for-severe-v-recsdo8noklhv6oys/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine L Hitchcock","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation Research, Division of Endocrinology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2012-08-02","abstract":"A controlled trial recently showed that oral micronized progesterone (Progesterone, 300 mg at h.s. daily) was effective for vasomotor symptoms (VMS) in 133 healthy early postmenopausal women. Here, we present subgroup data in women with severe VMS (50 VMS of moderate-severe intensity/wk) and also 1-mo withdrawal study outcomes. Women with severe VMS (n = 46) resembled the full cohort but experienced 10 VMS/d of 3 of 4 intensity. On therapy, the progesterone VMS number (#) decreased significantly more than placebo # to 5.5/day (d) versus 8/d (ANCOVA -2.0 95% CI: -3.5 to -0.4). Just after trial mid-point, a withdrawal substudy (D/C) was added--56 women were invited and 34 (61%) took part (progesterone 17; placebo 17). Those in the D/C cohort resembled the whole cohort. On stopping, VMS gradually increased--at D/C week 4, on progesterone, VMS daily # reached 78% and significantly less than baseline (-3.0 to -0.8) but placebo VMS # did not differ from run-in. In summary, progesterone is effective for severe VMS and does not cause a rebound increase in VMS when stopped. That progesterone may be used alone for severe VMS and unlike estrogen does not appear to cause a withdrawal rebound increases VMS treatment options.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"28 Suppl 2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"sup2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Gynecological Endocrinology : the Official Journal of the International Society  of Gynecological Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"7","pageEnd":"11","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3109/09513590.2012.705390","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44750448"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3109/09513590.2012.705390"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22849758"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44750448"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/does-hyperandrogenism-have-an-effect-on-hearing-loss-in-patients-with-polycystic-kf9yuclp/","name":"Does hyperandrogenism have an effect on hearing loss in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome?","headline":"Does hyperandrogenism have an effect on hearing loss in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/does-hyperandrogenism-have-an-effect-on-hearing-loss-in-patients-with-polycystic-kf9yuclp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Oghan F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Coksuer H"}],"datePublished":"2012-08-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrinopathy characterized by chronic anovulation and hyperandrogenism. Hormonal changes can affect hearing loss and inner ear functions. We evaluated hearing loss with audiometric tests in young patients with PCOS.\n\nMETHODS: Twenty-six women having PCOS and 25 normal individuals were enrolled in the study. Age ranges for PCOS and control groups were 20-35 years. Hormonal and biochemical values including LH, LH/FSH, E2, testosterone, fasting glucose and fasting insulin were calculated. Each subject was tested with low- (250-2000Hz) and high-frequency audiometry (4000-8000Hz). For each set of tests, mean values of air conduction at each frequency were measured for the PCOS and control groups and compared.\n\nRESULTS: No difference was observed in speech frequencies on audiologic tests between the groups, however high-frequency hearing loss were significantly higher (p<0.05) in PCOS patients than in control women. Also, hearing thresholds were normal range in all of frequencies in PCOS and control subjects. PCOS patients showed high levels of LH, LH/FSH, testosterone and fasting insulin.\n\nCONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that patients diagnosed with PCOS should be advised audiologic evaluation especially in the high frequency.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"39","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Auris, nasus, larynx"}}},"pageStart":"365","pageEnd":"8","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anl.2011.06.006","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50433116"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.anl.2011.06.006"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21862266"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50433116"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-longterm-combined-oral-contraceptive-pill-use-on-endometrial-thickness-qsratuw2/","name":"Effect of long-term combined oral contraceptive pill use on endometrial thickness","headline":"Effect of long-term combined oral contraceptive pill use on endometrial thickness","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-longterm-combined-oral-contraceptive-pill-use-on-endometrial-thickness-qsratuw2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Talukdar N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yaakov Bentov","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9733-3263","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01s5axj25"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chang PT"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Navid Esfandiari","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0979-5236","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Toronto Centre for Advanced Reproductive Technology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ; Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toron..."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nazemian Z"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert F Casper","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6249-462X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}}],"datePublished":"2012-08-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To estimate whether there is any association of long-term use of combined oral contraceptive pills (OCP) with adverse endometrial growth.\n\nMETHODS: We reviewed the charts of 137 patients with history of OCP use undergoing endometrial preparation with estrogen for frozen embryo transfer. Endometrial thickness was measured by transvaginal ultrasonography on day 10 after menses and patients were divided into two groups (less than 7 mm and 7 mm or more).\n\nRESULTS: Thirty patients had endometrial thickness less than 7 mm and 107 had thickness of 7 mm or more. Mean years of combined OCP use in each group were 9.8±4.54 and 5.8±4.52, respectively (P<.001). With 10 years of combined OCP use as the threshold, the difference between the two groups (63.35% users in less than 7 mm group compared with 28.04% in the 7 mm or more thickness group) was highly significant (P<.001 by Fisher exact test), with an odds ratio of 4.43 (95% confidence interval 1.89-10.41). Past use of 5 years of OCPs was also associated with a significant (P=.002) difference in endometrial thickness. The mean endometrial thicknesses on cycle day 10 in patients using combined OCP for less than 10 years and 10 years or more were 9.54±1.88 mm and 8.48±2.33 mm, respectively, with P=.007. The mean endometrial thickness was 9.72±1.69 mm in less than 5 years and 8.81±2.23 mm in 5 or more years of use, respectively (P=.008). Cycle cancellation rates in the less than 7 mm group and 7 mm or greater endometrial thickness group were 23% and 4%, respectively (P=.002), but there was no difference in the clinical pregnancy rates between the two groups (13% compared with 27%, respectively; P=.15).\n\nCONCLUSION: Long-term combined OCP use (5 years or more) can potentially affect optimal endometrial growth, leading to a higher cancellation rate and longer stimulation in frozen embryo transfer cycles. These findings suggest a previously unidentified adverse effect of long-term combined OCP use in women who are anticipating future fertility.\n\nLEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"120","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2 Pt 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"348","pageEnd":"54","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0b013e31825ec2ee","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39581286"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/AOG.0b013e31825ec2ee"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22825095"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39581286"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recurrent-pregnancy-loss-recshg1nt4mlkcm0b/","name":"Evaluation and treatment of recurrent pregnancy loss: a committee opinion","headline":"Evaluation and treatment of recurrent pregnancy loss: a committee opinion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recurrent-pregnancy-loss-recshg1nt4mlkcm0b/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Reproductive Endocrinology Precis"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"American Society for Reproductive Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, USA."}}],"datePublished":"2012-07-24","abstract":"The majority of miscarriages are sporadic and most result from genetic causes that are greatly influenced by maternal age. Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is defined by two or more failed clinical pregnancies, and up to 50% of cases of RPL will not have a clearly defined etiology.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"98","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1103","pageEnd":"1111","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34290441"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22835448"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34290441"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hot-flushes-and-night-sweats-differ-in-associations-with-cardiovascular-markers--rec1nwvxf1zdd70ok/","name":"Hot flushes and night sweats differ in associations with cardiovascular markers  in healthy early postmenopausal women","headline":"Hot flushes and night sweats differ in associations with cardiovascular markers  in healthy early postmenopausal women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hot-flushes-and-night-sweats-differ-in-associations-with-cardiovascular-markers--rec1nwvxf1zdd70ok/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas G Elliott","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4626-6440","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Helena Teede","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7609-577X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Monash University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine L Hitchcock","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation Research, Division of Endocrinology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eric G Norman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vesna Stajic","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2012-07-12","abstract":"Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations between vasomotor symptoms ([VMS] hot flushes or flashes and night sweats) and markers of cardiovascular risk.\n\nMethods: Healthy postmenopausal women in a randomized controlled trial of progesterone for VMS recorded VMS frequency in the Daily Menopause Diary for 28 days at baseline. Accepted risks for cardiovascular disease were measured: body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), blood pressure (BP), endothelial function by venous occlusion plethysmography, fasting lipids, glucose, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, albumin, and D-dimer. Relationships between risk variables and VMS frequency (24 h, day and night) were assessed by univariate and multivariate robust regressions with adjustment for age and WHtR.\n\nResults: Data were available for 145 healthy, nonsmoking women without heart disease, hypertension, or diabetes who were 1 to 11 years past their final menstruation and were aged 43 to 65 years, with a mean (SD) BMI of 25.0 (2.9) kg/m and WC of 79.1 (7.1) cm. Anthropometric variables (BMI, WC, and WHtR) were significantly negatively associated with total (24-h day) VMS frequency and with day VMS but not with night VMS frequency. Systolic BP decreased with greater 24-hour VMS frequency, and both systolic and diastolic BPs were inversely related to day but not night VMS frequency. Albumin was positively associated with night VMS frequency but not with day or 24-hour VMS frequency. Other variables showed little association with VMS frequency.\n\nConclusions: Hot flushes, but not night sweats, were associated with lower cardiovascular risk factors in these healthy postmenopausal women. Future research should differentiate night sweats from hot flushes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Menopause (New York, N.Y.)"}}},"pageStart":"1208","pageEnd":"1214","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/gme.0b013e31825541cc","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39588580"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/gme.0b013e31825541cc"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22781788"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39588580"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-relationship-between-proton-pump-inhibitor-use-and-longitudinal-change-in-bo-recr9ng7dsynzvspc/","name":"The relationship between proton pump inhibitor use and longitudinal change in  bone mineral density: a population-based study [corrected] from the Canadian  Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos)","headline":"The relationship between proton pump inhibitor use and longitudinal change in  bone mineral density: a population-based study [corrected] from the Canadian  Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-relationship-between-proton-pump-inhibitor-use-and-longitudinal-change-in-bo-recr9ng7dsynzvspc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Laura E Targownik","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4366-9076","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Manitoba","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02gfys938"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"William D Leslie","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1056-1691","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02gfys938"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Shawn Davison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8123-7680","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shawn Davison","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Saskatchewan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher S Kovacs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5219-9993","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John’s, NL, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04haebc03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wei Zhou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5461-3617","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nancy Kreiger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert G Josse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-6264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S M Kaiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3222-3711","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sophie A Jamal","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}}],"datePublished":"2012-07-11","abstract":"Objectives: Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use has been identified as a risk factor for hip and vertebral fractures. Evidence supporting a relationship between PPI use and osteoporosis remains scant. Demonstrating that PPIs are associated with accelerated bone mineral density (BMD) loss would provide supportive evidence for a mechanism through which PPIs could increase fracture risk.\n\nMethods: We used the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study data set, which enrolled a population-based sample of Canadians who underwent BMD testing of the femoral neck, total hip, and lumbar spine (L1-L4) at baseline, and then again at 5 and 10 years. Participants also reported drug use and exposure to risk factors for osteoporosis and fracture. Multivariate linear regression was used to determine the independent association of PPI exposure and baseline BMD, and on change in BMD at 5 and 10 years.\n\nResults: In all, 8,340 subjects were included in the baseline analysis, with 4,512 (55%) undergoing year 10 BMD testing. After adjusting for potential confounders, PPI use was associated with significantly lower baseline BMD at the femoral neck and total hip. PPI use was not associated with a significant acceleration in covariate-adjusted BMD loss at any measurement site after 5 and 10 years of follow-up.\n\nConclusions: PPI users had lower BMD at baseline than PPI non-users, but PPI use over 10 years did not appear to be associated with accelerated BMD loss. The reasons for discordant findings between PPI use at baseline and during follow-up require further study.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"107","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The American Journal of Gastroenterology"}}},"pageStart":"1361","pageEnd":"1369","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2012.200","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37407767"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/ajg.2012.200"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22777336"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37407767"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/interrater-and-intrarater-reliability-in-the-diagnosis-and-staging-of-endometrio-recqu8cuxasy5bm6u/","name":"Interrater and intrarater reliability in the diagnosis and staging of endometriosis","headline":"Interrater and intrarater reliability in the diagnosis and staging of endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/interrater-and-intrarater-reliability-in-the-diagnosis-and-staging-of-endometrio-recqu8cuxasy5bm6u/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhian Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6423-105X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bo Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6863-6676"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Boiman Johnstone E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Erica Johnstone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3382-3500","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ahmad Hammoud","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7581-9024","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael W Varner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9455-3973","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Germaine M Buck Louis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1774-4490","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Matthew Peterson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4644-602X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J K Dorais","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA."}}],"datePublished":"2012-07-01","abstract":"Objective: To estimate the interrater and intrarater reliability of endometriosis diagnosis and severity of disease among gynecologic surgeons viewing operative digital images.\n\nMethods: The study population comprised a random sample (n=148 [36%]) of women who participated in the Endometriosis: Natural History, Diagnosis and Outcomes study. Four academic expert and four local, specialized expert surgeons reviewed the images, diagnosed the presence or absence of endometriosis for each woman, and rated severity using the revised American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) criteria. Interrater-level and intrarater-level agreement were calculated for both endometriosis diagnosis and staging.\n\nResults: The interrater reliability for endometriosis diagnosis among the eight surgeons was substantial: Fleiss κ=0.69 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.64-0.74). Surgeons agreed on revised ASRM endometriosis staging criteria after experienced assessment in a majority of cases (mean 61%, range 52-75%) with moderate interrater reliability: Fleiss κ=0.44 (95% CI 0.41-0.47). The intrarater reliability for experienced assessment compared with computer-assisted revised ASRM staging was almost perfect (mean weighted κ=0.95, range 0.89-0.99).\n\nConclusion: Substantial reliability was found for revised ASRM endometriosis diagnosis, whereas moderate reliability was observed for staging. Almost perfect reliability was observed for surgeons' rating of disease severity compared with computerized-assisted, checklist-based staging. Findings suggest that reliability in endometriosis diagnosis is not greatly altered by location or composition of surgeons, supporting the conduct of multisite studies or compilation of endometriosis data across clinical centers. Although surgeons appear to be skilled at assessing endometriosis stage intuitively, how staging of disease burden correlates with clinical outcomes remains to be developed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"120","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"104","pageEnd":"112","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0b013e31825bc6cf","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40058365"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/AOG.0b013e31825bc6cf"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22914398"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40058365"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/what-every-gynecologist-should-know-about-male-infertility-an-update-r5ooipqk/","name":"What every gynecologist should know about male infertility: an update","headline":"What every gynecologist should know about male infertility: an update","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/what-every-gynecologist-should-know-about-male-infertility-an-update-r5ooipqk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sandro C Esteves","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1313-9680","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04wffgt70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hamada A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kondray V"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pitchika A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ashok Agarwal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0900-6383","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cleveland Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xjacd83"}}],"datePublished":"2012-07-01","abstract":"PURPOSE: Our article reviews the evolving concepts in the field of male infertility for gynecologists and other health professionals involved in the care of men and women experiencing difficulty in having a child. The increased knowledge will help in the better management and treatment of infertile couples.\n\nMETHODS: Review of literature through Pubmed, Science Direct, Online Library.\n\nRESULTS: Gynecologists are often the first healthcare providers to assess an infertile couple. Because half of all infertility problems stem from male factors, it is crucial for the gynecologist to remain updated on the main conditions that cause male infertility as well as current diagnostic tools and treatment options, including conventional strategies and assisted reproductive techniques.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Extraordinary advances have been achieved in the field of male infertility over the past several years and many old concepts are now challenged. Therefore, it is imperative that male infertility physicians should update the gynecologists about the recent advances in the work-up of infertile men in terms of diagnosis and management. Such convention will help improve the standards of care for the infertile couple and enhance the cooperation between male and female reproductive endocrinologists.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"286","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Archives of gynecology and obstetrics"}}},"pageStart":"217","pageEnd":"29","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-012-2274-x","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00404-012-2274-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22392488"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-female-athlete-triad-vpcyyglz/","name":"The female athlete triad","headline":"The female athlete triad","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-female-athlete-triad-vpcyyglz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Nazem TG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathryn E Ackerman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2626-7785","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}}],"datePublished":"2012-07-01","abstract":"CONTEXT: The female athlete triad (the triad) is an interrelationship of menstrual dysfunction, low energy availability (with or without an eating disorder), and decreased bone mineral density; it is relatively common among young women participating in sports. Diagnosis and treatment of this potentially serious condition is complicated and often requires an interdisciplinary team.\n\nEVIDENCE ACQUISITION: Articles from 1981 to present found on PubMed were selected for review of major components of the female athlete triad as well as strategies for diagnosis and treatment of the conditions.\n\nRESULTS: The main goal in treatment of young female athletes with the triad is a natural return of menses as well as enhancement of bone mineral density. While no specific drug intervention has been shown to consistently improve bone mineral density in this patient population, maximizing energy availability and optimizing vitamin D and calcium intake are recommended.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Treatment requires a multidisciplinary approach involving health care professionals as well as coaches and family members. Prevention of this condition is important to minimize complications of the female athlete triad.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Sports health"}}},"pageStart":"302","pageEnd":"11","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/1941738112439685","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24605890"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/1941738112439685"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23016101"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q24605890"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-procreative-technology-for-infertility-and-recurrent-miscarriage-outcome-recmv6gf3xlcbt6ny/","name":"Natural procreative technology for infertility and recurrent miscarriage: outcomes in a Canadian family practice","headline":"Natural procreative technology for infertility and recurrent miscarriage: outcomes in a Canadian family practice","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-procreative-technology-for-infertility-and-recurrent-miscarriage-outcome-recmv6gf3xlcbt6ny/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elizabeth Huiwen Tham","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1037-6143","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}}],"datePublished":"2012-06-28","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To study the outcomes of women with infertility or miscarriage treated with natural procreative technology (NaProTechnology or NPT), a systematic medical approach to promoting conception in vivo; and to compare the outcomes with those previously published from a general practice in Ireland.\n\nDESIGN: Retrospective cohort study.\n\nSETTING: An urban Canadian primary care practice in which the physician had a part-time practice in NPT.\n\nPARTICIPANTS: Couples with infertility or recurrent miscarriage who received treatment in the practice between August 2000 and July 2006.\n\nINTERVENTION: All couples were taught to identify the fertile time of their menstrual cycles using the Creighton Model FertilityCare System (CrMS) and completed a standard NPT evaluation. Many also received additional medical treatment to enhance conception in vivo.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Live birth was the primary outcome; secondary outcomes included conceptions, multiple births, low birth weight, and prematurity.\n\nRESULTS: A total of 108 couples received NPT and were included in the analysis, of which 19 (18%) reported having 2 or more previously unexplained miscarriages. The average female age was 35.4 years. Couples had been attempting to conceive for a mean of 3.2 years. Twentytwo participants (20%) had previously given birth; 24 (22%) had previous intrauterine insemination; and 9 (8%) had previous assisted reproductive technology. The cumulative adjusted proportion of first live births for those completing up to 24 months of NPT treatment was 66 per 100 couples, and the crude proportion was 38%. The cumulative adjusted proportion of first conceptions was 73 per 100 couples, and the crude proportion was 47%. Of the 51 couples who conceived, 12 couples (24%) conceived with CrMS instruction alone, 35 (69%) conceived with CrMS and NPT medical treatment, and 4 (8%) conceived after additional surgical treatment. All births were singleton births; 54% were born at 37 weeks' gestation or later; and 78% had birth weights of 2500 g or greater.\n\nCONCLUSION: Natural procreative technology in a family physician's office was effective in treating infertility and miscarriage with outcomes that were comparable to those in an NPT general practice in Ireland. Larger multicentre prospective studies to compare NPT directly to other forms of infertility treatment are warranted.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"58","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Canadian Family Physician Medecin De Famille Canadien"}}},"pageStart":"e267-74","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28269584","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22734170"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28269584"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cumulative-birth-rates-with-linked-assisted-reproductive-technology-cycles-ybvknhbn/","name":"Cumulative birth rates with linked assisted reproductive technology cycles","headline":"Cumulative birth rates with linked assisted reproductive technology cycles","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cumulative-birth-rates-with-linked-assisted-reproductive-technology-cycles-ybvknhbn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Luke B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brown MB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wantman E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lederman A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gibbons W"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Schattman GL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R A Lobo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1472-8313","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R E Leach"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stern JE"}],"datePublished":"2012-06-28","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Live-birth rates after treatment with assisted reproductive technology have traditionally been reported on a per-cycle basis. For women receiving continued treatment, cumulative success rates are a more important measure.\n\nMETHODS: We linked data from cycles of assisted reproductive technology in the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology Clinic Outcome Reporting System database for the period from 2004 through 2009 to individual women in order to estimate cumulative live-birth rates. Conservative estimates assumed that women who did not return for treatment would not have a live birth; optimal estimates assumed that these women would have live-birth rates similar to those for women continuing treatment.\n\nRESULTS: The data were from 246,740 women, with 471,208 cycles and 140,859 live births. Live-birth rates declined with increasing maternal age and increasing cycle number with autologous, but not donor, oocytes. By the third cycle, the conservative and optimal estimates of live-birth rates with autologous oocytes had declined from 63.3% and 74.6%, respectively, for women younger than 31 years of age to 18.6% and 27.8% for those 41 or 42 years of age and to 6.6% and 11.3% for those 43 years of age or older. When donor oocytes were used, the rates were higher than 60% and 80%, respectively, for all ages. Rates were higher with blastocyst embryos (day of transfer, 5 or 6) than with cleavage embryos (day of transfer, 2 or 3). At the third cycle, the conservative and optimal estimates of cumulative live-birth rates were, respectively, 42.7% and 65.3% for transfer of cleavage embryos and 52.4% and 80.7% for transfer of blastocyst embryos when fresh autologous oocytes were used.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that live-birth rates approaching natural fecundity can be achieved by means of assisted reproductive technology when there are favorable patient and embryo characteristics. Live-birth rates among older women are lower than those among younger women when autologous oocytes are used but are similar to the rates among young women when donor oocytes are used. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health and the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology.).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"366","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"26","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England journal of medicine"}}},"pageStart":"2483","pageEnd":"91","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1110238","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJMoa1110238"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22738098"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/low-level-laser-in-the-treatment-of-patients-with-hypothyroidism-induced-by-chro-recmlhgi1f2nqaea1/","name":"Low-level laser in the treatment of patients with hypothyroidism induced by  chronic autoimmune thyroiditis: a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial","headline":"Low-level laser in the treatment of patients with hypothyroidism induced by  chronic autoimmune thyroiditis: a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/low-level-laser-in-the-treatment-of-patients-with-hypothyroidism-induced-by-chro-recmlhgi1f2nqaea1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Danilo B. Höfling","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5636-663X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03se9eg94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria Cristina Chavantes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8625-5076","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03se9eg94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Giovanni G Cerri","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9021-4288","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade de São Paulo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036rp1748"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Meyer Knobel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9403-9680","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03se9eg94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elisabeth M Yoshimura","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4778-1230","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade de São Paulo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036rp1748"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria Cristina Chammas","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7041-3079","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03se9eg94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Adriana G Juliano","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03se9eg94"}}],"datePublished":"2012-06-22","abstract":"Chronic autoimmune thyroiditis (CAT) is the most common cause of acquired hypothyroidism, which requires lifelong levothyroxine replacement therapy. Currently, no effective therapy is available for CAT. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in patients with CAT-induced hypothyroidism by testing thyroid function, thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb), thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb), and ultrasonographic echogenicity. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial with a 9-month follow-up was conducted from 2006 to 2009. Forty-three patients with a history of levothyroxine therapy for CAT-induced hypothyroidism were randomly assigned to receive either 10 sessions of LLLT (830 nm, output power of 50 mW, and fluence of 707 J/cm(2); L group, n=23) or 10 sessions of a placebo treatment (P group, n=20). The levothyroxine was suspended 30 days after the LLLT or placebo procedures. Thyroid function was estimated by the levothyroxine dose required to achieve normal concentrations of T3, T4, free-T4 (fT4), and thyrotropin after 9 months of postlevothyroxine withdrawal. Autoimmunity was assessed by measuring the TPOAb and TgAb levels. A quantitative computerized echogenicity analysis was performed preand 30 days postintervention. The results showed a significant difference in the mean levothyroxine dose required to treat the hypothyroidism between the L group (38.59 ± 20.22 μg/day) and the P group (106.88 ± 22.90 μg/day, P<0.001). Lower TPOAb (P=0.043) and greater echogenicity (P<0.001) were also noted in the L group. No TgAb difference was observed. These findings suggest that LLLT was effective at improving thyroid function, promoting reduced TPOAb-mediated autoimmunity and increasing thyroid echogenicity in patients with CAT hypothyroidism.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"28","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Lasers in Medical Science"}}},"pageStart":"743","pageEnd":"753","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-012-1129-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34311304"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s10103-012-1129-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22718472"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34311304"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/thrombotic-stroke-and-myocardial-infarction-with-hormonal-contraception-reccrfb24qxo6uywc/","name":"Thrombotic stroke and myocardial infarction with hormonal contraception","headline":"Thrombotic stroke and myocardial infarction with hormonal contraception","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/thrombotic-stroke-and-myocardial-infarction-with-hormonal-contraception-reccrfb24qxo6uywc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Øjvind Lidegaard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9157-4004","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rigshospitalet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mchdq19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ellen Løkkegaard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4149-5663","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035b05819"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Charlotte Wessel Skovlund","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6234-359X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Danish Cancer Society","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ytt7k16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Niels Keiding","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6063-721X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aksel Jensen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4327-1415","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Slagelse Hospital"}}],"datePublished":"2012-06-15","abstract":"Background: Although several studies have assessed the risk of venous thromboembolism with newer hormonal contraception, few have examined thrombotic stroke and myocardial infarction, and results have been conflicting.\n\nMethods: In this 15-year Danish historical cohort study, we followed nonpregnant women, 15 to 49 years old, with no history of cardiovascular disease or cancer. Data on use of hormonal contraception, clinical end points, and potential confounders were obtained from four national registries.\n\nResults: A total of 1,626,158 women contributed 14,251,063 person-years of observation, during which 3311 thrombotic strokes (21.4 per 100,000 person-years) and 1725 myocardial infarctions (10.1 per 100,000 person-years) occurred. As compared with nonuse, current use of oral contraceptives that included ethinyl estradiol at a dose of 30 to 40 μg was associated with the following relative risks (and 95% confidence intervals) for thrombotic stroke and myocardial infarction, according to progestin type: norethindrone, 2.2 (1.5 to 3.2) and 2.3 (1.3 to 3.9); levonorgestrel, 1.7 (1.4 to 2.0) and 2.0 (1.6 to 2.5); norgestimate, 1.5 (1.2 to 1.9) and 1.3 (0.9 to 1.9); desogestrel, 2.2 (1.8 to 2.7) and 2.1 (1.5 to 2.8); gestodene, 1.8 (1.6 to 2.0) and 1.9 (1.6 to 2.3); and drospirenone, 1.6 (1.2 to 2.2) and 1.7 (1.0 to 2.6), respectively. With ethinyl estradiol at a dose of 20 μg, the corresponding relative risks according to progestin type were as follows: desogestrel, 1.5 (1.3 to 1.9) and 1.6 (1.1 to 2.1); gestodene, 1.7 (1.4 to 2.1) and 1.2 (0.8 to 1.9); and drospirenone, 0.9 (0.2 to 3.5) and 0.0. For transdermal patches, the corresponding relative risks were 3.2 (0.8 to 12.6) and 0.0, and for a vaginal ring, 2.5 (1.4 to 4.4) and 2.1 (0.7 to 6.5).\n\nConclusions: Although the absolute risks of thrombotic stroke and myocardial infarction associated with the use of hormonal contraception were low, the risk was increased by a factor of 0.9 to 1.7 with oral contraceptives that included ethinyl estradiol at a dose of 20 μg and by a factor of 1.3 to 2.3 with those that included ethinyl estradiol at a dose of 30 to 40 μg, with relatively small differences in risk according to progestin type. (Funded by the Danish Heart Association.).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"366","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"2257","pageEnd":"2266","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1111840","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43828053"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJMoa1111840"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22693997"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43828053"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reassured-or-fobbed-off-perspectives-on-infertility-consultations-in-primary-car-recrzy8pixe3qj4ii/","name":"Reassured or fobbed off? Perspectives on infertility consultations in primary  care: a qualitative study","headline":"Reassured or fobbed off? Perspectives on infertility consultations in primary  care: a qualitative study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reassured-or-fobbed-off-perspectives-on-infertility-consultations-in-primary-car-recrzy8pixe3qj4ii/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa Hinton","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6082-3151","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oxford","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052gg0110"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sue Ziebland","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6496-4859","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Primary Health Care","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03djtgh02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jenny J Kurinczuk","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9554-6337","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Leicester","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04h699437"}}],"datePublished":"2012-06-13","abstract":"Background: Infertility affects 9% of couples in the UK. Most couples who visit their GP because they are worried about their fertility will ultimately conceive, but a few will not. Treatment usually happens in secondary care, but GPs can have an invaluable role in starting investigations, referring, and giving support throughout treatment and beyond.\n\nAim: To inform clinical practice by exploring primary care experiences of infertility treatment among females and males, and discussing findings with a reference group of GPs to explore practice experience. DESIGN AND Setting: A qualitative patient interview and GP focus group study. Interviews were conducted in patients homes in England and Scotland; the focus group was held at a national conference. METHOD: An in-depth interview study was conducted with 27 females and 11 males. A maximum variation sample was sought and interviews were transcribed for thematic analysis. Results were discussed with a focus group of GPs to elicit their views.\n\nResults: Feeling that they were being taken seriously was very important to patients. Some felt that their concerns were not taken seriously, or that their GP did not appear to be well informed about infertility. The focus group of GPs highlighted the role of protocols in their management of patients who are infertile, as well as the difficulty GPs faced in communicating both reassurance and engagement.\n\nConclusion: Simple things that GPs say and do, such as describing the 'action plan' at the first consultation, could make a real difference to demonstrating that they are taking the fertility problem seriously.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"62","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"599","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The British Journal of General Practice : the Journal of the Royal College of  General Practitioners"}}},"pageStart":"e438-e445","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp12X649133","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35990693"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3399/bjgp12X649133"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22687237"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35990693"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/characterization-of-dna-methylation-errors-in-patients-with-imprinting-disorders-n3rtt3il/","name":"Characterization of DNA methylation errors in patients with imprinting disorders conceived by assisted reproduction technologies","headline":"Characterization of DNA methylation errors in patients with imprinting disorders conceived by assisted reproduction technologies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/characterization-of-dna-methylation-errors-in-patients-with-imprinting-disorders-n3rtt3il/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hiura H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Okae H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Miyauchi N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sato F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Sato","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7015-4038","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Imperial Household Agency","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00yv9a247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Van De Pette M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"John RM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kagami M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nakai K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Soejima H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ogata T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arima T"}],"datePublished":"2012-06-06","abstract":"Background: There is an increased incidence of rare imprinting disorders associated with assisted reproduction technologies (ARTs). The identification of epigenetic changes at imprinted loci in ART infants has led to the suggestion that the techniques themselves may predispose embryos to acquire imprinting errors and diseases. However, it is still unknown at what point(s) these imprinting errors arise, or the risk factors.\n\nMethods: In 2009 we conducted a Japanese nationwide epidemiological study of four well-known imprinting diseases to determine any association with ART. Using bisulfite sequencing, we examine the DNA methylation status of 22 gametic differentially methylated regions (gDMRs) located within the known imprinted loci in patients with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS, n=1) and also Silver-Russell syndrome (SRS, n= 5) born after ART, and compared these with patients conceived naturally.\n\nResults: We found a 10-fold increased frequency of BWS and SRS associated with ART. The majority of ART cases showed aberrant DNA methylation patterns at multiple imprinted loci both maternal and paternal gDMRs (5/6), with both hyper- and hypomethylation events (5/6) and also mosaic methylation errors (5/6). Although our study may have been limited by a small sample number, the fact that many of the changes were mosaic suggested that they occurred after fertilization. In contrast, few of the patients who were conceived naturally exhibited a similar pattern of mosaic alterations. The differences in methylation patterns between the patients who were conceived naturally or after ART did not manifest due to the differences in the disease phenotypes in these imprinting disorders.\n\nConclusion: A possible association between ART and BWS/SRS was found, and we observed a more widespread disruption of genomic imprints after ART. The increased frequency of imprinting disorders after ART is perhaps not surprising given the major epigenetic events that take place during early development at a time when the epigenome is most vulnerable.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"27","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction"}}},"pageStart":"2541","pageEnd":"2548","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/des197","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84312445"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/des197"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q84312445"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chemotherapy-and-fertility-sq1zcjgx/","name":"Chemotherapy and fertility","headline":"Chemotherapy and fertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chemotherapy-and-fertility-sq1zcjgx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Z Blumenfeld","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3929-7940","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Technion – Israel Institute of Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03qryx823"}}],"datePublished":"2012-06-01","abstract":"The overall increase in cancer prevalence and the significant increase in long-term survival have generated worldwide interest in preserving fertility in young women exposed to gonadotoxic chemo- and radiotherapy. Infertility represents one of the main long-term consequences of combination chemotherapy given for lymphoma, leukaemia and other malignancies in young women. The gonadotoxic effect of various chemotherapeutic agents is diverse, may involve a variety of pathophysiologic mechanisms, and is not unequivocally understood. Proliferating cells, such as in tissues with high turnover (i.e. bone marrow, gastrointestinal tract and growing ovarian follicles) are more vulnerable to the toxic effect of alkylating agents. These agents may also be cytotoxic to cells at rest, as they are not cell-cycle specific. Alkylating agents, the most gonadotoxic chemotherapeutic medications, cause dose-dependent, direct destruction of oocytes and follicular depletion, and may bring about cortical fibrosis and ovarian blood-vessel damage. The reported rate of premature ovarian failure after various diseases and chemotherapeutic protocols differ enormously, and depend mainly on the chemotherapeutic protocol used and age range of the woman. Several options have been proposed for preserving female fertility, despite gonadotoxic chemotherapy: ovarian transposition, cryopreservation of embryos, unfertilised metaphase-II oocytes and ovarian tissue, and administration of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonistic analogs in an attempt to decrease the gonadotoxic effects of chemotherapy by simulating a prepubertal hormonal milieu. None of these methods is ideal and none guarantees future fertility in all survivors; therefore, a combination of methods is recommended for maximising women's chances of future fertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"26","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Best practice & research. Clinical obstetrics & gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"379","pageEnd":"90","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2011.11.008","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37979101"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2011.11.008"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22281514"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37979101"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-coenzyme-q-supplementation-on-partner-pregnancy-rate-in-infertile--ajuaqfiq/","name":"The effect of coenzyme Q₁₀ supplementation on partner pregnancy rate in infertile men with idiopathic oligoasthenoteratozoospermia: an open-label prospective study","headline":"The effect of coenzyme Q₁₀ supplementation on partner pregnancy rate in infertile men with idiopathic oligoasthenoteratozoospermia: an open-label prospective study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-coenzyme-q-supplementation-on-partner-pregnancy-rate-in-infertile--ajuaqfiq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M R Safarinejad","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3055-5915","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"safarinejad@urologist.md"}}],"datePublished":"2012-06-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: It has been shown that coenzyme Q(10) (CoQ(10)) supplementation in men with idiopathic oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT) results in improved semen parameters. In present study, we evaluated the effects of coenzyme CoQ(10) supplementation on semen parameters and pregnancy rates in infertile men with idiopathic OAT.\n\nPATIENTS AND METHODS: Two hundred and eighty-seven infertile men with idiopathic OAT were recruited in this study. These patients were treated with CoQ(10) 300 mg orally twice daily for 12 months. Two semen analyses and determination of resting levels of sex hormones were done in all participants. Patients were followed up for another 12 months after CoQ(10) discontinuation.\n\nRESULTS: Mean sperm concentration, sperm progressive motility, and sperm with normal morphology improved significantly after 12-month CoQ(10) therapy by 113.7, 104.8, and 78.9%, respectively (all Ps < 0.05). The overall pregnancy rate was 34.1% within a mean of 8.4 ± 4.7 months.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: CoQ(10) supplementation improves semen quality with beneficial effect on pregnancy rate.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"44","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International urology and nephrology"}}},"pageStart":"689","pageEnd":"700","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s11255-011-0081-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82493867"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s11255-011-0081-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22081410"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q82493867"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/temporal-trends-and-determinants-of-longitudinal-change-in-25-hydroxyvitamin-d-a-recsdzk1qdat5pxc7/","name":"Temporal trends and determinants of longitudinal change in 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone levels","headline":"Temporal trends and determinants of longitudinal change in 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone levels","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/temporal-trends-and-determinants-of-longitudinal-change-in-25-hydroxyvitamin-d-a-recsdzk1qdat5pxc7/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudie Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5499-2661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Linda S Greene-Finestone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5511-7146","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Public Health Agency of Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/023xf2a37"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa Langsetmo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2245-1657","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nancy Kreiger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher S Kovacs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5219-9993","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John’s, NL, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04haebc03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Brent Richards","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0372-5256","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nick Hidiroglou","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Health Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p8nb362"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kurtis Sarafin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Health Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p8nb362"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacques P. Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1910-788X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacques Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8155-677X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of MedicineLaval UniversityQuebec CityQCCanada"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Hanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"the CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Shawn Davison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8123-7680","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lawrence Joseph","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3321-0587","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}}],"datePublished":"2012-06-01","abstract":"Vitamin D is essential for facilitating calcium absorption and preventing increases in parathyroid hormone (PTH), which can augment bone resorption. Our objectives were to examine serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and PTH, and factors related to longitudinal change in a population-based cohort. This is the first longitudinal population-based study looking at PTH and 25(OH)D levels. We analyzed 3896 blood samples from 1896 women and 829 men in the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study over a 10-year period starting in 1995 to 1997. We fit hierarchical models with all available data and adjusted for season. Over 10 years, vitamin D supplement intake increased by 317 (95% confidence interval [CI] 277 to 359) IU/day in women and by 193 (135 to 252) IU/day in men. Serum 25(OH)D (without adjustment) increased by 9.3 (7.3 to 11.4) nmol/L in women and by 3.5 (0.6 to 6.4) nmol/L in men but increased by 4.7 (2.4 to 7.0) nmol/L in women and by 2.7 (-0.6 to 6.2) nmol/L in men after adjustment for vitamin D supplements. The percentage of participants with 25(OH)D levels <50 nmol/L was 29.7% (26.2 to 33.2) at baseline and 19.8% (18.0 to 21.6) at year 10 follow-up. PTH decreased over 10 years by 7.9 (5.4 to 11.3) pg/mL in women and by 4.6 (0.2 to 9.0) pg/mL in men. Higher 25(OH)D levels were associated with summer, younger age, lower body mass index (BMI), regular physical activity, sun exposure, and higher total calcium intake. Lower PTH levels were associated with younger age and higher 25(OH)D levels in both women and men and with lower BMI and participation in regular physical activity in women only. We have observed concurrent increasing 25(OH)D levels and decreasing PTH levels over 10 years. Secular increases in supplemental vitamin D intake influenced both changes in serum 25(OH)D and PTH levels.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"27","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"J Bone Miner Res"}}},"pageStart":"1381","pageEnd":"1389","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.1587","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37401878"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/jbmr.1587"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22407786"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37401878"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lowdose-estrogen-combined-oral-contraceptives-may-negatively-influence-physiolog-zgt7wtel/","name":"Low-dose estrogen combined oral contraceptives may negatively influence physiological bone mineral density acquisition during adolescence","headline":"Low-dose estrogen combined oral contraceptives may negatively influence physiological bone mineral density acquisition during adolescence","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lowdose-estrogen-combined-oral-contraceptives-may-negatively-influence-physiolog-zgt7wtel/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Cibula D","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6387-9356"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Skrenkova J","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7384-6347"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hill M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1705-0835"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stepan JJ","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1541-8306"}],"datePublished":"2012-06-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: The aim was to evaluate changes of bone mineral density (BMD) and markers of bone turnover in healthy adolescents, and in adolescent users of combined oral contraceptives (COCs) with different ethinylestradiol (EE) contents.\n\nMETHODS: In this prospective crossover study, 56 healthy females (15-19.5 years) with desire to use hormonal contraception were randomized to COC with either 30 or 15 μg of EE in crossover design of 9-month intervention each in reverse order. Nonusers of the same age (n=28) served as controls. BMD at lumbar spine (LS), total femur, femoral neck, distal radius, and total body, and serum markers (N-propeptide of type I procollagen, and type I collagen C-telopeptide) were measured at baseline and after 9 and 18 months.\n\nRESULTS: In COC nonusers, BMD significantly increased at LS and radius, while markers decreased. In COC users, BMD did not increase, with the exception of LS BMD in the 30 μg COC group (P<0.05). In the crossover design, a difference between the low- and very low-dose COC users was found in LS BMD changes (P<0.05), where increase in BMD was more impaired in the 15 μg COC users. The skeletal effects of COC remained significant after adjustments for age and smoking status. Markers declined faster in COC users during the first period, while they remained stable or even increased during the second 9 months.\n\nCONCLUSION: Physiological acquisition of LS BMD during adolescent age may be prevented by use of COC, especially those containing very low dose of EE.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"166","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European journal of endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"1003","pageEnd":"11","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1530/EJE-11-1047","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61896485"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1530/EJE-11-1047"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22436400"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q61896485"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptives-reproductive-factors-and-risk-of-inflammatory-bowel-disease-rechay8qcvwxaynms/","name":"Oral contraceptives, reproductive factors and risk of inflammatory bowel disease","headline":"Oral contraceptives, reproductive factors and risk of inflammatory bowel disease","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptives-reproductive-factors-and-risk-of-inflammatory-bowel-disease-rechay8qcvwxaynms/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hamed Khalili","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1911-2160","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ashwin N Ananthakrishnan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9436-1821","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"James M Richter","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0941-9425","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Diane Feskanich","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8180-8690","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Charles S Fuchs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1582-9842","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dana-Farber Cancer Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jzgtq86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrew T Chan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7284-6767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leslie M Higuchi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Boston Children's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dvg7y05"}}],"datePublished":"2012-05-24","abstract":"Background: Oral contraceptive use has been associated with risk of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC).\n\nObjective: To determine whether this association is confounded or modified by other important lifestyle and reproductive factors.\nDesign: A prospective cohort study was carried out of 117,375 US women enrolled since 1976 in the Nurses Health Study I (NHS I) and 115,077 women enrolled since 1989 in the Nurses' Health Study II (NHS II) with no prior history of UC or CD. These women had provided information every 2 years, on age at menarche, oral contraceptive use, parity, menopause status and other risk factors. Diagnoses of CD and UC were confirmed by review of medical records. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate HRs and 95% CIs.\n\nResults: Among 232,452 women with over 5,030,196 person-years of follow-up, 315 cases of CD and 392 cases of UC were recorded through 2007 in NHS II and 2008 in NHS I. Compared with never users of oral contraceptives, the multivariate-adjusted HRs for CD were 2.82 (95% CI 1.65 to 4.82) among current users and 1.39 (95% CI 1.05 to 1.85) among past users. The association between oral contraceptives and UC differed according to smoking history (pheterogeneity=0.04). Age at menarche, age at first birth and parity were not associated with risk of UC or CD.\n\nConclusion: In two large prospective cohorts of US women, oral contraceptive use was associated with risk of CD. The association between oral contraceptive use and UC was limited to women with a history of smoking.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"62","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Gut"}}},"pageStart":"1153","pageEnd":"1159","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2012-302362","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36301003"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/gutjnl-2012-302362"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22619368"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36301003"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/rising-incidence-of-multiple-sclerosis-in-females-associated-with-urbanization-recon0njroynvp8ls/","name":"Rising incidence of multiple sclerosis in females associated with urbanization","headline":"Rising incidence of multiple sclerosis in females associated with urbanization","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/rising-incidence-of-multiple-sclerosis-in-females-associated-with-urbanization-recon0njroynvp8ls/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"T Panou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6564-0267","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Crete","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dr28g20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"V Mastorodemos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2930","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Crete","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dr28g20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Spanaki","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9824-6620","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Crete","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dr28g20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Kotzamani","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Crete","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dr28g20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Nikolakaki","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Crete","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dr28g20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Plaitakis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Crete","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dr28g20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Tzagournissakis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Crete","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dr28g20"}}],"datePublished":"2012-05-18","abstract":"Objective: To design and perform a case-control study of multiple sclerosis (MS) in Crete, an island of 0.6 million people, that has experienced profound socioeconomic changes in recent decades.\n\nMethods: All MS cases occurring on Crete from 1980 to 2008 were ascertained. To search for putative risk factors, a structured questionnaire of 71 variables was employed, with patients with MS (n = 657) being compared to random controls (n = 593) matched for age, gender, and current place of residence.\n\nResults: MS incidence rose markedly on Crete over the past 3 decades. This increase was associated with a major shift in MS distribution among genders (1980: F/M = 0.9; 2008: F/M = 2.1), with females living in towns or having relocated at a young age from the countryside to urban centers being mainly affected. In rural Crete, MS showed lesser increases and gender preference. Of the major changes that accompanied urbanization, smoking among women with MS increased dramatically, while imported pasteurized cow milk virtually replaced fresh goat milk produced locally. Compared to controls, female patients with MS more often used contraceptives and were older at first childbirth. Besides smoking, alcohol drinking and vitamin intake was more common among female patients with MS. Also, the distribution of childhood diseases and chronic medical conditions differed significantly between patients with MS and controls.\n\nConclusions: MS incidence rose markedly over 3 decades in a genetically stable population in tandem with a transition from rural to urban living, thus possibly implicating environmental factors introduced by urbanization.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"78","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Neurology"}}},"pageStart":"1728","pageEnd":"1735","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0b013e31825830a9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40035851"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1212/WNL.0b013e31825830a9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22592376"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40035851"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adhesion-prevention-in-endometriosis-a-neglected-critical-challenge-rec7raahc9d4mjjhs/","name":"Adhesion prevention in endometriosis: a neglected critical challenge","headline":"Adhesion prevention in endometriosis: a neglected critical challenge","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adhesion-prevention-in-endometriosis-a-neglected-critical-challenge-rec7raahc9d4mjjhs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Edgardo Somigliana","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0223-0032","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016zn0y21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paola Viganò","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3674-5912","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"San Raffaele University of Rome","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02rwycx38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laura Benaglia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7404-9830","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016zn0y21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrea Busnelli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9870-5241","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016zn0y21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paolo Vercellini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4195-0996","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016zn0y21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Luigi Fedele","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6297-7165","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016zn0y21"}}],"datePublished":"2012-05-12","abstract":"Prevention of adhesions, whether de novo or by re-formation, is one of the most important and surprisingly neglected aspect of the treatment of endometriosis. Adhesions may cause infertility, dyspareunia, chronic pelvic pain but also intestinal obstruction and complications at subsequent surgery. They may play a role in the development of some forms of the disease such as ovarian endometriomas and possibly also deep invasive nodules. Three randomized controlled trials have been published documenting some partial success with Interceed, Oxiplex/AP gel or Adept solution in reducing adhesions extent at second look laparoscopy performed a few weeks after initial surgery. However, data on relevant long-term outcomes such as fertility, pelvic pain or disease recurrences or other adhesions-related complications is lacking. Noteworthy, endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory disorder and the insult causing adhesions is expected to persist after surgery. Therefore preventing adhesion formation with exclusively agents at the time of surgery may be insufficient. Future studies should focus on a 2-step strategy that includes measures applied at the time of surgery and subsequent administration of agents able to prevent the development of new adhesions.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"415","pageEnd":"421","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2012.03.004","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38009177"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jmig.2012.03.004"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22575862"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38009177"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/venous-thrombosis-in-users-of-non-oral-hormonal-contraception-follow-up-study-de-recawqqx7sgf96m7b/","name":"Venous thrombosis in users of non-oral hormonal contraception: follow-up study,  Denmark 2001-10","headline":"Venous thrombosis in users of non-oral hormonal contraception: follow-up study,  Denmark 2001-10","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/venous-thrombosis-in-users-of-non-oral-hormonal-contraception-follow-up-study-de-recawqqx7sgf96m7b/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Øjvind Lidegaard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9157-4004","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rigshospitalet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mchdq19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lars Nielsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2024-2288","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rigshospitalet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mchdq19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Charlotte Wessel Skovlund","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6234-359X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Danish Cancer Society","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ytt7k16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ellen Løkkegaard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4149-5663","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035b05819"}}],"datePublished":"2012-05-12","abstract":"Objective: To assess the risk of venous thrombosis in current users of non-oral hormonal contraception.\nDesign: Historical national registry based cohort study.\nSetting: Four national registries in Denmark.\n\nParticipants: All Danish non-pregnant women aged 15-49 (n=1,626,158), free of previous thrombotic disease or cancer, were followed from 2001 to 2010.\n\nMain Outcome Measures: Incidence rate of venous thrombosis in users of transdermal, vaginal, intrauterine, or subcutaneous hormonal contraception, relative risk of venous thrombosis compared with non-users, and rate ratios of venous thrombosis in current users of non-oral products compared with the standard reference oral contraceptive with levonorgestrel and 30-40 µg oestrogen. Diagnoses were confirmed by at least four weeks of anticoagulation therapy after the diagnosis.\n\nResults: Within 9,429,128 woman years of observation, 5287 first ever venous thrombosis events were recorded, of which 3434 were confirmed. In non-users of hormonal contraception the incidence rate of confirmed events was 2.1 per 10,000 woman years. Compared with non-users of hormonal contraception, and after adjustment for age, calendar year, and education, the relative risk of confirmed venous thrombosis in users of transdermal combined contraceptive patches was 7.9 (95% confidence interval 3.5 to 17.7) and of the vaginal ring was 6.5 (4.7 to 8.9). The corresponding incidences per 10,000 exposure years were 9.7 and 7.8 events. The relative risk was increased in women who used subcutaneous implants (1.4, 0.6 to 3.4) but not in those who used the levonorgestrel intrauterine system (0.6, 0.4 to 0.8). Compared with users of combined oral contraceptives containing levonorgestrel, the adjusted relative risk of venous thrombosis in users of transdermal patches was 2.3 (1.0 to 5.2) and of the vaginal ring was 1.9 (1.3 to 2.7).\n\nConclusion: Women who use transdermal patches or vaginal rings for contraception have a 7.9 and 6.5 times increased risk of confirmed venous thrombosis compared with non-users of hormonal contraception of the same age, corresponding to 9.7 and 7.8 events per 10,000 exposure years. The risk was slightly increased in women using subcutaneous implants but not in those using the levonorgestrel intrauterine system.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"344","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"may10 3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.)"}}},"pageStart":"e2990","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.e2990","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28266410"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj.e2990"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22577198"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28266410"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/family-planning-natural-family-planning-and-abortion-use-among-us-hispanic-women-analysis-of-data-from-cycle-7-of-the-national-survey-of-family-growth-reciyzgxsr3yyidar/","name":"Family Planning, Natural Family Planning, and Abortion Use among U.S. Hispanic Women: Analysis of Data from Cycle 7 of the National Survey of Family Growth","headline":"Family Planning, Natural Family Planning, and Abortion Use among U.S. Hispanic Women: Analysis of Data from Cycle 7 of the National Survey of Family Growth","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/family-planning-natural-family-planning-and-abortion-use-among-us-hispanic-women-analysis-of-data-from-cycle-7-of-the-national-survey-of-family-growth-reciyzgxsr3yyidar/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dana Rodriguez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5459-2417","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}}],"datePublished":"2012-05-01","abstract":"Hispanics are the largest minority group in the U.S. and they contribute to over 50 percent of Catholics under the age of 25. The purpose of this study was to determine the patterns of contraceptive use (current and ever), natural family planning (NFP), and abortion among U.S. Hispanic women between the ages of 15 and 44 years and to compare their patterns of use to non-Hispanic women of the same age range. A particular interest was to determine the influence of faith on the choice of family-planning methods among the sexually active U.S. Catholic Hispanic women. Data for this study came from the National Survey of Family Growth 2006-2008, which included 1,613 Hispanic and 5,743 non-Hispanic women between the ages of 15 and 44. Approximately 57 percent of the Hispanic women are Catholic. In general, U.S. Hispanic women had significantly less frequent use of the hormonal pill, male condom, withdrawal, and vasectomy (of male partner) but more frequent use of the IUD and Depo-Provera compared to non-Hispanic women. There was little use of NFP and no difference in the frequency of reported abortion. Catholic Hispanic women had significantly less frequent use of the male condom, the Pill, vasectomy, and abortion and more use of NFP compared to non-Catholic Hispanic women. Although there is some positive influence of faith among the sexually active Hispanic women of reproductive age, overall, the amount of ever use of sterilization (21 percent), condom use (80 percent), Pill use (66 percent), and Depo-Provera (30 percent) is remarkable. The more frequent use of Depo-Provera and the IUD might reflect the economic level of the participants and the use of federally funded family-planning services.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"79","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"192","pageEnd":"207","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1179/002436312803571429","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90789207"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1179/002436312803571429"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30082968"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q90789207"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/infertility-treatment-in-a-population-based-sample-2004-2005-recj6euibhwrh4hhm/","name":"Infertility treatment in a population-based sample: 2004-2005","headline":"Infertility treatment in a population-based sample: 2004-2005","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/infertility-treatment-in-a-population-based-sample-2004-2005-recj6euibhwrh4hhm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S E Simonsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-7671","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Baksh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8047-3622","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Utah Department of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/034de1n65"}}],"datePublished":"2012-05-01","abstract":"To describe the characteristics of women seeking infertility treatment and the types of fertility treatment sought within a population-based sample. We analyzed data from the cross-sectional Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) of women with a live birth using data from seven states. Logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with infertility treatment utilization. Infertility treatment was reported by 10.5% of women who were trying to become pregnant. The most common treatment reported was fertility enhancing drugs (29%), followed by assisted reproductive technology including in vitro fertilization (21%), and artificial insemination together with fertility enhancing drugs (15%). Some women reported using other types of treatment (23%). The PRAMS data provide insights into the use of infertility treatment among women giving birth in the United States. Further research is needed to understand the true prevalence of infertility, factors that influence treatment choices, and the longitudinal impact of infertility treatment on outcomes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Maternal and child health journal"}}},"pageStart":"877","pageEnd":"886","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-011-0809-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43778098"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s10995-011-0809-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21559776"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43778098"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-use-of-hormonal-contraceptive-agents-and-mood-disorders-in-women-rechp2qxpbmzmphpz/","name":"The use of hormonal contraceptive agents and mood disorders in women","headline":"The use of hormonal contraceptive agents and mood disorders in women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-use-of-hormonal-contraceptive-agents-and-mood-disorders-in-women-rechp2qxpbmzmphpz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael Berk","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5554-6946","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mental Health Research Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/041684t28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Julie A Pasco","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5267-8998","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Deakin University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02czsnj07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Felice N Jacka","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9825-0328","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Deakin University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02czsnj07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anders Lund","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1637-2023","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Haukeland University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03np4e098"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gjertrud Svendal","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bergen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03zga2b32"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lana J Williams","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Melbourne","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98"}}],"datePublished":"2012-04-28","abstract":"Background: Mood disorders are a major cause of disability in developed countries, and contraceptive agents among the most widely used medications. The relationship between contraceptive agents and mood is unclear. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the association between current contraception use and mood disorders in a random population-based sample of women.\n\nMethods: This study examined epidemiological data obtained from 498 women aged 20-50year participating in the Geelong Osteoporosis Study (GOS). Mood disorders were diagnosed using a clinical interview (SCID-I/NP) and information on medication use and other lifestyle factors were documented.\n\nResults: After adjusting for age and socioeconomic status (SES), women taking progestin-only contraceptive agents had an increased likelihood of a current mood disorder (OR 3.0 95%CI: 1.1-7.8, p=0.03). In contrast, women taking combined contraceptive agents had a decreased likelihood of a current mood disorder, adjusting this for age and SES (OR 0.3 95%CI: 0.1, 0.9 p=0.03). These findings were not explained by weight, physical activity level, past depression, number of medical conditions or cigarette smoking.\n\nLimitations: This study is cross-sectional, which precludes any determination regarding the direction of the relationships.\n\nConclusions: These data suggest a protective effect of the combined contraceptive pill, and a deleterious effect of progestin only agents in regards to mood disorders.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"140","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Affective Disorders"}}},"pageStart":"92","pageEnd":"96","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2012.03.030","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45796572"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jad.2012.03.030"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22537684"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q45796572"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/osteoporosis-related-fracture-case-definitions-for-population-based-administrati-recjgah4qki6iey8b/","name":"Osteoporosis-related fracture case definitions for population-based  administrative data","headline":"Osteoporosis-related fracture case definitions for population-based  administrative data","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/osteoporosis-related-fracture-case-definitions-for-population-based-administrati-recjgah4qki6iey8b/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa M Lix","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8685-3212","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Saskatchewan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mahmoud Azimaee","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6704-5129"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Beliz Açan Osman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saskatchewan Health Quality Council","sameAs":"https://ror.org/031a6wg34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrícia Caetano","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Manitoba","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02gfys938"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S. Morin"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Colleen Metge","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9170-3294"},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nancy Kreiger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"William D Leslie","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1056-1691","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02gfys938"}}],"datePublished":"2012-04-28","abstract":"Background: Population-based administrative data have been used to study osteoporosis-related fracture risk factors and outcomes, but there has been limited research about the validity of these data for ascertaining fracture cases. The objectives of this study were to: (a) compare fracture incidence estimates from administrative data with estimates from population-based clinically-validated data, and (b) test for differences in incidence estimates from multiple administrative data case definitions.\n\nMethods: Thirty-five case definitions for incident fractures of the hip, wrist, humerus, and clinical vertebrae were constructed using diagnosis codes in hospital data and diagnosis and service codes in physician billing data from Manitoba, Canada. Clinically-validated fractures were identified from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos). Generalized linear models were used to test for differences in incidence estimates.\n\nResults: For hip fracture, sex-specific differences were observed in the magnitude of underand over-ascertainment of administrative data case definitions when compared with CaMos data. The length of the fracture-free period to ascertain incident cases had a variable effect on over-ascertainment across fracture sites, as did the use of imaging, fixation, or repair service codes. Case definitions based on hospital data resulted in under-ascertainment of incident clinical vertebral fractures. There were no significant differences in trend estimates for wrist, humerus, and clinical vertebral case definitions.\n\nConclusions: The validity of administrative data for estimating fracture incidence depends on the site and features of the case definition.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMC Public Health"}}},"pageStart":"301","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-301","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34248274"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/1471-2458-12-301"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22537071"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34248274"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-hormonal-contraception-on-vaginal-flora-recgdnhqsmvvbibnx/","name":"Effects of hormonal contraception on vaginal flora","headline":"Effects of hormonal contraception on vaginal flora","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-hormonal-contraception-on-vaginal-flora-recgdnhqsmvvbibnx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"F De Seta","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1611-0813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"IRCCS Materno Infantile Burlo Garofolo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03t1jzs40"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stefano Restaino","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7848-0329","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ospedale Santa Maria della Misericordia di Udine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02zpc2253"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Guglielmo Stabile","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9266-3896"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marina Busetti","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8206-6841","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"IRCCS Materno Infantile Burlo Garofolo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03t1jzs40"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Giulia Barbati","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8942-5686","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Padua","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00240q980"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rubina Banco"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Davide De Santo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3167-0543","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad Católica Tecnológica de Barahona"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Secondo Guaschino"}],"datePublished":"2012-04-24","abstract":"Background: The sector of the market that deals with contraception offers a long list of different contraceptive methods. Within the estroprogestinic choice, the routes of administration are oral, transdermic and vaginal one. Even though efficacy is comparable with these methods, secondary and adverse effects are directly involved in the acceptability of the method.\n\nStudy Design: This was a prospective comparative study. During 1 year, we enrolled 60 asymptomatic women who voluntarily requested combined oral contraception (COC) or combined contraceptive vaginal ring (CCVR group). After a baseline study of vaginal milieu prior to starting hormonal contraception, we performed a follow-up. For each woman, we examined vaginal pH; quantification of leukocytes, lactobacilli, Candida and cocci on saline microscopy fluid; Gram stain with Nugent score and the presence of vaginal infection [culture for Trichomonas vaginalis, albicans and nonalbicans Candida, Group B Streptococcus (GBS)].\n\nResults: At the end of follow-up, there was a little change of vaginal milieu in both groups. We noted an increase of lactobacilli in the CCVR users and an increase of GBS in COC users.\n\nConclusion: CCVR compared to COC users showed an increase of the number of lactobacilli in vaginal flora. It means that an increase of leukorrhea in that group could be protective in terms of prevention of vaginal imbalance/infection.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"86","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"526","pageEnd":"529","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2012.02.012","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63323800"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.contraception.2012.02.012"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22520642"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q63323800"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/in-vitro-fertilisation-for-unexplained-subfertility-recyrr4aykwssth0v/","name":"In vitro fertilisation for unexplained subfertility","headline":"In vitro fertilisation for unexplained subfertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/in-vitro-fertilisation-for-unexplained-subfertility-recyrr4aykwssth0v/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ahmed Gibreel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6109-355X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mansoura University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01k8vtd75"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Siladitya Bhattacharya","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6279-7826","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aberdeen Maternity Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0020hse07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zabeena Pandian","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aberdeen Maternity Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0020hse07"}}],"datePublished":"2012-04-20","abstract":"Background: In vitro fertilisation (IVF) is a widely accepted treatment for unexplained infertility (NICE 2004), which affects up to a third of all infertile couples. With estimated live birth rates (LBRs) per cycle varying from 33.1% in women aged under 35 years down to 12.5% in women aged between 40 and 42 years (HFEA 2011), its effectiveness has not been rigorously evaluated in comparison with other treatments. With increasing awareness of the role of expectant management, less-invasive procedures such as intrauterine insemination (IUI), and concerns about multiple pregnancies and costs associated with IVF, it is important to evaluate the effectiveness of IVF against other treatment options in couples with unexplained infertility.\n\nObjectives: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of IVF compared to expectant management, clomiphene citrate, IUI alone and intrauterine insemination plus controlled ovarian stimulation (IUI+SO). SEARCH\n\nMethods: Cochrane Menstrual Disorders and Subfertility Group Trials Register (searched July 2011), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library 2011, first quarter), MEDLINE (1970 to July 2011), EMBASE (1985 to July 2011) and reference lists of articles were searched. Relevant conference proceedings were handsearched. Authors were contacted.\nSelection Criteria: Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were included. LBR per woman was the primary outcome.\nData Collection and Analysis: Two review authors independently assessed eligibility and quality of trials.\n\nMAIN Results: Six RCTs were included in the final analysis. LBR per woman was significantly higher with IVF (45.8%) than expectant management (3.7%) (odds ratio (OR) 22.00, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.56 to 189.37, 1 RCT, 51 women). There were no comparative data for clomiphene citrate. There was no evidence of a significant difference in LBR between IVF and IUI alone (OR 1.96, 95% CI 0.88 to 4.36, 1 RCT, 113 women), 40.7% with IVF versus 25.9% with IUI. In studies comparing IVF versus IUI+SO, LBR per woman did not differ significantly between the groups among treatment-naive women (OR 1.09, 95% CI 0.74 to 1.59, 2 RCTs, 234 women) but was significantly higher in a large RCT of women pretreated with IUI + clomiphene citrate (OR 2.66, 95% CI 1.94 to 3.63, 1 RCT, 341 women). These three studies could not be pooled due to high heterogeneity (I(2) = 84%). There was no evidence of a significant difference in multiple pregnancy rate (MPR) or ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) between the two treatments (OR 0.64, 95% CI 0.31 to 1.29, 3 RCTs, 351 women; OR 1.53, 95% CI 0.25 to 9.49, 1 RCT, 118 women, respectively). AUTHORS'\n\nConclusions: IVF may be more effective than IUI+SO. Due to paucity of data from RCTs the effectiveness of IVF for unexplained infertility relative to expectant management, clomiphene citrate and IUI alone remains unproven. Adverse events and the costs associated with these interventions have not been adequately assessed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},"pageStart":"CD003357","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD003357.pub3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24200163"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/14651858.CD003357.pub3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22513911"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q24200163"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovarian-volume-correlates-strongly-with-the-number-of-nongrowing-follicles-in-th-recmkrd1gka7vjjef/","name":"Ovarian volume correlates strongly with the number of nongrowing follicles in the  human ovary","headline":"Ovarian volume correlates strongly with the number of nongrowing follicles in the  human ovary","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovarian-volume-correlates-strongly-with-the-number-of-nongrowing-follicles-in-th-recmkrd1gka7vjjef/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Tom Kelsey","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8091-1458","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of St Andrews","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02wn5qz54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"William H. Wallace","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8080-5674","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Edinburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90"}}],"datePublished":"2012-04-13","abstract":"A reliable indirect measure of ovarian reserve for the individual woman remains a challenge for reproductive specialists. Using descriptive statistics from a large-scale study of ovarian volumes, we have developed a normative model for healthy females for ages 25 through 85. For average values, this model has a strong and positive correlation (r = 0.89) with our recent model of nongrowing follicles (NGFs) in the human ovary for ages 25 through 51. When both models are log-adjusted, the correlation increases to r = 0.99, over the full range of ovarian volume. Furthermore we can deduce that an ovary of 3 cm(3) volume (or less) contains approximately 1000 NGF (or fewer). These strong correlations indicate that ovarian volume is a useful factor in the indirect estimation of human ovarian reserve for the individual woman.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2012","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology International"}},"pageStart":"305025","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/305025","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35837954"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1155/2012/305025"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22496698"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35837954"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/selective-salpingography-and-tubal-catheterization-in-infertile-women-rec7kicahsjfschvk/","name":"Selective salpingography and tubal catheterization in infertile women","headline":"Selective salpingography and tubal catheterization in infertile women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/selective-salpingography-and-tubal-catheterization-in-infertile-women-rec7kicahsjfschvk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"El Fekih C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ouerdiane N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mourali M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Oueslati S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chaabane M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ben Zineb N","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9516-3717","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University"}}],"datePublished":"2012-04-07","abstract":"Background: Use of selective salpingography (SS) and fallopian tube catheterization (TC) has revolutionized the diagnosis and treatment of proximal tubal infertility.\n\nAim: To evaluate results of women treated for proximal tubal obstruction by selective salpingography and tubal catherization.\n\nMethods: Selective salpingography was performed in women with proximal bilateral tubal obstructions. Follow-up ranged from 4 to 12 months.\n\nResults: twelve patients had been shown to have bilateral proximal obstruction of the fallopian tube. After SS/TC, patency was achieved in 8 cases. Spontaneous conceptions occurred in 4 women.\n\nConclusion: SS and TC should be used more widely because it is simple and effective in case of proximal tubal blockage.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"90","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"La Tunisie Medicale"}}},"pageStart":"233","pageEnd":"237","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relationship-satisfaction-and-outcome-in-women-who-meet-their-partner-while-usin-xkkn4n1n/","name":"Relationship satisfaction and outcome in women who meet their partner while using oral contraception","headline":"Relationship satisfaction and outcome in women who meet their partner while using oral contraception","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relationship-satisfaction-and-outcome-in-women-who-meet-their-partner-while-usin-xkkn4n1n/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Roberts SC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Klapilová K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Little AC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Burriss RP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jones BC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"DeBruine LM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Petrie M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Havlícek J"}],"datePublished":"2012-04-07","abstract":"Hormonal variation over the menstrual cycle alters women's preferences for phenotypic indicators of men's genetic or parental quality. Hormonal contraceptives suppress these shifts, inducing different mate preference patterns among users and non-users. This raises the possibility that women using oral contraception (OC) choose different partners than they would do otherwise but, to date, we know neither whether these laboratory-measured effects are sufficient to exert real-world consequences, nor what these consequences would be. Here, we test for differences in relationship quality and survival between women who were using or not using OC when they chose the partner who fathered their first child. Women who used OC scored lower on measures of sexual satisfaction and partner attraction, experienced increasing sexual dissatisfaction during the relationship, and were more likely to be the one to initiate an eventual separation if it occurred. However, the same women were more satisfied with their partner's paternal provision, and thus had longer relationships and were less likely to separate. These effects are congruent with evolutionary predictions based on cyclical preference shifts. Our results demonstrate that widespread use of hormonal contraception may contribute to relationship outcome, with implications for human reproductive behaviour, family cohesion and quality of life.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"279","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1732","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Proceedings. Biological sciences"}}},"pageStart":"1430","pageEnd":"6","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2011.1647","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61502623"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1098/rspb.2011.1647"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21993500"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q61502623"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/125dihydroxyvitamin-d3-treatment-shrinks-uterine-leiomyoma-tumors-in-the-eker-ra-4uecpt7g/","name":"1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 treatment shrinks uterine leiomyoma tumors in the Eker rat model","headline":"1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 treatment shrinks uterine leiomyoma tumors in the Eker rat model","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/125dihydroxyvitamin-d3-treatment-shrinks-uterine-leiomyoma-tumors-in-the-eker-ra-4uecpt7g/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Halder SK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sharan C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Al-Hendy A"}],"datePublished":"2012-04-01","abstract":"Uterine leiomyomas (fibroids) are the most common benign tumors in women of reproductive age. These tumors are three to four times more prevalent in African American women, who also have a 10 times higher incidence of hypovitaminosis D than white women. Recent studies have demonstrated the antitumor effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on several cancers, but its effects on uterine leiomyomas are still unknown. To determine the antitumor and therapeutic effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on uterine leiomyomas, female Eker rats (14-16 mo old) harboring uterine leiomyomas were randomized into control and experimental groups and were given vehicle versus 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (0.5 μg/kg per day) subcutaneously for 3 wk, respectively. At the end of the experiment, the rats were euthanized, and the leiomyoma tumors were analyzed. Treatment with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 significantly reduced leiomyoma tumor size in Eker rats. It also reduced leiomyoma size by suppressing cell growth and proliferation-related genes (Pcna, cyclin D1 [Ccnd1], Myc, Cdk1, Cdk2, and Cdk4), antiapoptotic genes (Bcl2 and Bcl2l1 [Bcl-x]), and estrogen and progesterone receptors. Additionally, immunohistochemistry revealed decreased expression of PCNA and MKI67 (a marker of proliferation) and increased expression of caspase 3 in 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-treated Eker rat leiomyomas. Toxicity analyses using serum samples showed similar levels of SGOT, SGPT, calcium, and total bilirubin in 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-treated and vehicle-treated control Eker rats. These results support that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 is an antitumor agent that may be a potential safe, nonsurgical therapeutic option for the treatment of uterine leiomyomas.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"86","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Biology of reproduction"}}},"pageStart":"116","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod.111.098145","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24632275"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1095/biolreprod.111.098145"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22302692"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q24632275"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/migraine-in-women-the-role-of-hormones-and-their-impact-on-vascular-diseases-jfp4nohm/","name":"Migraine in women: the role of hormones and their impact on vascular diseases","headline":"Migraine in women: the role of hormones and their impact on vascular diseases","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/migraine-in-women-the-role-of-hormones-and-their-impact-on-vascular-diseases-jfp4nohm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sacco S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ricci S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Degan D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carolei A"}],"datePublished":"2012-04-01","abstract":"Migraine is a predominantly female disorder. Menarche, menstruation, pregnancy, and menopause, and also the use of hormonal contraceptives and hormone replacement treatment may influence migraine occurrence. Migraine usually starts after menarche, occurs more frequently in the days just before or during menstruation, and ameliorates during pregnancy and menopause. Those variations are mediated by fluctuation of estrogen levels through their influence on cellular excitability or cerebral vasculature. Moreover, administration of exogenous hormones may cause worsening of migraine as may expose migrainous women to an increased risk of vascular disease. In fact, migraine with aura represents a risk factor for stroke, cardiac disease, and vascular mortality. Studies have shown that administration of combined oral contraceptives to migraineurs may further increase the risk for ischemic stroke. Consequently, in women suffering from migraine with aura caution should be deserved when prescribing combined oral contraceptives.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The journal of headache and pain"}}},"pageStart":"177","pageEnd":"89","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s10194-012-0424-y","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26853088"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s10194-012-0424-y"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22367631"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q26853088"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adverse-perinatal-events-associated-with-art-roq25jdi/","name":"Adverse Perinatal Events Associated with ART","headline":"Adverse Perinatal Events Associated with ART","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adverse-perinatal-events-associated-with-art-roq25jdi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Skora D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Frankfurter","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7393-1485","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05gq02987"}}],"datePublished":"2012-04-01","abstract":"Since the advent of ART, much research has focused on the potential adverse for resultant harm. Prematurity, low birth-weight, PIH, congenital malformations, and CP are closely tied to multiple gestation. With the increase in elective single embryo transfer, there will be a reduction in adversity related to multiple birth. It is understood that underlying causes of infertility, including advanced maternal age, PCOS, thyroid disease, and uterine fibroids, predispose to adverse outcomes. However, imprinting abnormalities do not appear to stem from multiple births, and thus the need to consider the association between fertility treatment and methylation disorders remains essential. These, as well as risks of multi-fetal gestation, must be discussed with patients when considering using assisted reproduction.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"30","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"02","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Seminars in Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"084","pageEnd":"091","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1307416","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84051604"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1055/s-0032-1307416"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q84051604"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/perinatal-outcomes-among-children-born-by-assisted-reproductive-techniquesa-hosp-kdnfnlyi/","name":"Perinatal outcomes among children born by assisted reproductive techniques—a hospital-based case control study","headline":"Perinatal outcomes among children born by assisted reproductive techniques—a hospital-based case control study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/perinatal-outcomes-among-children-born-by-assisted-reproductive-techniquesa-hosp-kdnfnlyi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Pratima Gupta","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4028-3482","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust","sameAs":"https://ror.org/014ja3n03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nayan N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Meesha Sharma","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9212-438X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}}],"datePublished":"2012-04-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"68","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Medical Journal Armed Forces India"}}},"pageStart":"132","pageEnd":"135","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0377-1237(12)60019-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37391357"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0377-1237(12)60019-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37391357"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-micronized-progesterone-for-vasomotor-symptoms--a-placebo-controlled-random-recbsvlhgcdjae3ng/","name":"Oral micronized progesterone for vasomotor symptoms--a placebo-controlled  randomized trial in healthy postmenopausal women","headline":"Oral micronized progesterone for vasomotor symptoms--a placebo-controlled  randomized trial in healthy postmenopausal women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-micronized-progesterone-for-vasomotor-symptoms--a-placebo-controlled-random-recbsvlhgcdjae3ng/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine L Hitchcock","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation Research, Division of Endocrinology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2012-03-29","abstract":"Objective: The aim of this study was to compare oral micronized progesterone (progesterone) with placebo as therapy for postmenopausal hot flushes and night sweats (vasomotor symptoms [VMS]).\n\nMethods: Healthy volunteer community women 1 to 10 years since final menstruation were recruited for a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of progesterone (300 mg daily at bedtime) between 2003 and 2009 and were screened for clinical, physical, or laboratory evidence of cardiovascular risks (nonsmoking, moderate body mass index [<35 kg/m], normal lipids, electrocardiogram, nondiabetic). Women recorded daily frequency and severity (1-4) of VMS in the Daily Menopause Diary during run-in (4 wk) and intervention (12 wk). Average daily VMS score (day frequency × day severity + night frequency × night severity) during final 28 therapy days was the primary outcome, analyzed by therapy, with run-in score as covariate.\n\nResults: Randomized participants were 133 healthy community women with VMS, ages 44 to 62 years, with a mean (SD) VMS score of 17.0 (10.4) at run-in (VMS frequency 6.8 [3.2] episodes/d). Women were randomized to progesterone (n = 75) or placebo (n = 58); analysis included all with VMS data at run-in and on therapy (n = 68 and 46, respectively). The VMS scores of women taking progesterone were better than placebo (mean adjusted difference, -4.3 (95% CI, -6.6 to -1.9), with mean reductions of 10.0 (95% CI, -12.0 to -8.1) and 4.4 (95% CI, -6.6 to -2.2) in the progesterone and placebo arms, respectively. Discontinuation with adverse events was 9% (progesterone, 8; placebo, 4), with no serious cases.\n\nConclusions: Oral micronized progesterone is effective for treatment of hot flushes and night sweats in healthy women early in postmenopause.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Menopause (New York, N.Y.)"}}},"pageStart":"886","pageEnd":"893","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/gme.0b013e318247f07a","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43700160"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/gme.0b013e318247f07a"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22453200"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43700160"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/body-weight-and-composition-in-users-of-levonorgestrel-releasing-intrauterine-sy-recay6ccktg7zsctv/","name":"Body weight and composition in users of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine  system","headline":"Body weight and composition in users of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine  system","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/body-weight-and-composition-in-users-of-levonorgestrel-releasing-intrauterine-sy-recay6ccktg7zsctv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Natalia Dal’Ava","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04wffgt70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Luis Bahamondes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7356-8428","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04wffgt70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Valeria Bahamondes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5455-1236","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04wffgt70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Allan de Oliveira Santos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1426-1036"},{"@type":"Person","name":"de Oliveira Santos A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ilza Monteiro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9536-0564","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04wffgt70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Natália Dal'Ava","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Human Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), and the National Institute of Hormones and Women's Health, 13084-971,..."}}],"datePublished":"2012-03-27","abstract":"Background: There is little information about body weight and body composition (BC) among users of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS). The aim of this study was to evaluate body weight and BC in LNG-IUS users compared to users of the TCu380A intrauterine device (IUD).\n\nStudy Design: A prospective study was done with 76 new users of both contraceptive methods. Women were paired by age (±2 years) and body mass index (BMI, kg/m², ±2). Body weight and BC (% lean mass and % fat mass) were evaluated by a trained professional at baseline and at 1 year of contraceptive use. The BC measurements were obtained using Lunar DXA equipment. Weight and BC were evaluated in each woman at baseline and at 12 months and analyzed as the mean change within each woman. Then, the changes in weight and BC for each woman were calculated and then compared between LNG-IUS and TCu380A IUD users (paired data for each woman). The central-to-peripheral fat ratio was calculated by dividing trunk fat by the upper and lower limb fat.\n\nResults: There were no significant differences at time of IUD insertion between LNG-IUS and TCu380A IUD users regarding age (mean±SD) (34.4±7.5 vs. 33.9±8.0 years), BMI (25.3±4.1 vs. 25.9±4.1) and number of pregnancies (1.9±0.2 vs. 1.7±0.2), respectively. Mean body weight gain of 2.9 kg was observed among LNG-IUS users at 12 months (p=.0012), whereas the body weight of TCu380A IUD users only increased by 1.4 kg (p=.067). There was no significant difference in body weight change between the two groups of users at 12 months. The variation in the central-to-peripheral fat ratio was the same between the two groups (-1.6% vs. -0.2%; p=.364). LNG-IUS users showed a 2.5% gain in fat mass (p=.0009) and a 1.4% loss of lean mass, whereas TCu380A IUD users showed a loss of 1.3% of fat mass (p=.159) and gain of 1.0% of lean mass (p=.120). TCu380A IUD users gained more lean mass than LNG-IUS users (p=.0270), although there was no significant difference between the two groups after 12 months of use.\n\nConclusions: Although an increase in mean fat mass among LNG-IUS users at 12 months of use was observed, it should be noted that an increase of body weight was also observed in both groups after 1 year of insertion of the device. However, a study with a larger number of women and long-term evaluation is necessary to evaluate these body changes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"86","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"350","pageEnd":"353","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2012.01.017","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38464215"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.contraception.2012.01.017"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22445431"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38464215"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/eggs-ethics-and-exploitation-investigating-womens-experiences-of-an-egg-sharing--epzqczso/","name":"Eggs, ethics and exploitation? Investigating women’s experiences of an egg sharing scheme","headline":"Eggs, ethics and exploitation? Investigating women’s experiences of an egg sharing scheme","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/eggs-ethics-and-exploitation-investigating-womens-experiences-of-an-egg-sharing--epzqczso/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Haimes E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Taylor K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Turkmendag I"}],"datePublished":"2012-03-23","abstract":"AbstractThere is a growing global demand for human eggs for the treatment of sub‐fertile women and for stem cell‐related research. This demand provokes concerns for the women providing the eggs, including their possible exploitation, whether they should be paid, whether they can give properly informed consent and whether their eggs and bodies are becoming commodified. However, few of the debates have benefitted from insights from the women themselves. We address this gap in knowledge by reporting on a study investigating women’s views and experiences of a scheme in which they can volunteer, in their capacity as fertility patients, to ‘share’ their eggs with researchers and receive a reduction in in vitro fertilisation fees. We focus our discussion on the question of exploitation, a concept central to many sociological and ethical interests. In brief, our analysis suggests that while interviewees acknowledge the potential of this scheme to be exploitative, they argue that this is not the case, emphasising their ability to act autonomously in deciding to volunteer. Nonetheless, these freely made decisions do not necessarily take place under circumstances of their choosing. We discuss the implications of this for egg provision in general and for understandings of exploitation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"34","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Sociology of Health &amp; Illness"}}},"pageStart":"1199","pageEnd":"1214","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9566.2012.01467.x","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1467-9566.2012.01467.x"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/persistent-lipophilic-environmental-chemicals-and-endometriosis-the-endo-study-recdnyf82pflyfzoi/","name":"Persistent lipophilic environmental chemicals and endometriosis: the ENDO Study","headline":"Persistent lipophilic environmental chemicals and endometriosis: the ENDO Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/persistent-lipophilic-environmental-chemicals-and-endometriosis-the-endo-study-recdnyf82pflyfzoi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Germaine M Buck Louis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1774-4490","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Buck Louis GM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhian Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6423-105X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Matthew Peterson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4644-602X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rajeshwari Sundaram","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6918-5002","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael W Varner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9455-3973","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Linda C Giudice","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1677-0822","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ann C. Trumble","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick J Parsons","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9133-875X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University at Albany, State University of New York","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012zs8222"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kurunthachalam Kannan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1926-7456","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"New York State Department of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04hf5kq57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary S Croughan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Victor Y Fujimoto","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary L Hediger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}}],"datePublished":"2012-03-16","abstract":"BACKGROUND: An equivocal literature exists regarding the relation between persistent organochlorine pollutants (POPs) and endometriosis in women, with differences attributed to methodologies.\n\nOBJECTIVES: We assessed the association between POPs and the odds of an endometriosis diagnosis and the consistency of findings by biological medium and study cohort.\n\nMETHODS: Using a matched cohort design, we assembled an operative cohort of women 18-44 years of age undergoing laparoscopy or laparotomy at 14 participating clinical centers from 2007 to 2009 and a population-based cohort matched on age and residence within a 50-mile catchment area of the clinical centers. Endometriosis was defined as visualized disease in the operative cohort and as diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging in the population cohort. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each POP in relation to an endometriosis diagnosis, with separate models run for each medium (omental fat in the operative cohort, serum in both cohorts) and cohort. Adjusted models included age, body mass index, breast-feeding conditional on parity, cotinine, and lipids.\n\nRESULTS: Concentrations were higher in omental fat than in serum for all POPs. In the operative cohort, γ-hexachlorocyclohexane (γ-HCH) was the only POP with a significant positive association with endometriosis [per 1-SD increase in log-transformed γ-HCH: adjusted OR (AOR) = 1.27; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.59]; β-HCH was the only significant predictor in the population cohort (per 1-SD increase in log-transformed β-HCH: AOR = 1.72; 95% CI: 1.09, 2.72).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Using a matched cohort design, we found that cohort-specific and biological-medium-specific POPs were associated with endometriosis, underscoring the importance of methodological considerations when interpreting findings.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"120","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environmental Health Perspectives"}}},"pageStart":"811","pageEnd":"816","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1104432","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36064749"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1289/ehp.1104432"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22417635"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36064749"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hysteroscopic-treatment-of-the-cesarean-induced-isthmocele-in-restoring-infertil-reclq9koohvyurjyu/","name":"Hysteroscopic treatment of the cesarean-induced isthmocele in restoring  infertility","headline":"Hysteroscopic treatment of the cesarean-induced isthmocele in restoring  infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hysteroscopic-treatment-of-the-cesarean-induced-isthmocele-in-restoring-infertil-reclq9koohvyurjyu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Pasquale Florio","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0212-4299","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ospedale San Giuseppe","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05m6e7d23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mario Franchini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5065-1379"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marco Filippeschi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ospedale San Giuseppe","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05m6e7d23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Giampietro Gubbini"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elena Marra","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bologna","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01111rn36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Irene Moncini","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Siena","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01tevnk56"}}],"datePublished":"2012-03-08","abstract":"PURPOSE OF Review: To review the treatments of the cesarean-induced isthmocele in restoring infertility, associated techniques, and the risks of complications associated with their use.\nRecent Findings: Isthmocele is a reservoir-like pouch defect on the anterior wall of the uterine isthmus located at the site of a previous cesarean delivery scar. The flow of menstrual blood through the cervix may be slowed by the presence of isthmocele, as the blood may accumulate in the niche because of the presence of fibrotic tissue, causing pelvic pain in the suprapubic area. Moreover, persistence of the menstrual blood after menstruation in the cervix may negatively influence the mucus quality and sperm quality, obstruct sperm transport through the cervical canal, interfere with embryo implantation, leading to secondary infertility. The removal of the local inflamed tissue may be performed by laparoscopic, combined laparoscopic-vaginal, or vaginal surgery, and operative hysteroscopy, a minimally invasive approach to improve symptoms and restore fertility.\nSummary: Isthmocele occurs after cesarean section, a common method of delivery and one of the most frequent surgical procedures, so that its upward incidence appears likely to continue in the near future. Because of its minimal invasiveness, resectoscopy may be the better choice for treatment, yielding good therapeutic results.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Current Opinion in Obstetrics & Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"180","pageEnd":"186","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/GCO.0b013e3283521202","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37991105"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/GCO.0b013e3283521202"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22395067"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37991105"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/low-dose-lisinopril-in-normotensive-men-with-idiopathic-oligospermia-and-inferti-recrzhlntpdv0mqcl/","name":"Low-dose lisinopril in normotensive men with idiopathic oligospermia and infertility: a 5-year randomized, controlled, crossover pilot study","headline":"Low-dose lisinopril in normotensive men with idiopathic oligospermia and infertility: a 5-year randomized, controlled, crossover pilot study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/low-dose-lisinopril-in-normotensive-men-with-idiopathic-oligospermia-and-inferti-recrzhlntpdv0mqcl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Anthony Mbah","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7120-1094","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Nigeria","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01sn1yx84"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Samuel Ghasi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Nigeria","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01sn1yx84"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"OD Onodugo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Nigeria","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01sn1yx84"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emmanuel Ejim","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Nigeria","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01sn1yx84"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M I Eze","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Nigeria","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01sn1yx84"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J O Mbah","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05fx5mz56"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G O Ndukwu","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Nigeria","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01sn1yx84"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P O Nkwo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Nigeria","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01sn1yx84"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P O Okonkwo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Nigeria","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01sn1yx84"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F N Ozoemena","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05fx5mz56"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E N Shu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8965-6994","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Nigeria","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01sn1yx84"}}],"datePublished":"2012-03-02","abstract":"The outcomes of drug treatment for male infertility remain conjectural, with controversial study results. Our pilot study employed a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover methodology with intention-to-treat analysis. Thirty-three men with idiopathic oligospermia were randomized to start either daily oral lisinopril 2.5 mg (n = 17) or daily oral placebo (n = 16). Lisinopril was found to cause a normalization of seminal parameters in 53.6% of the participants. Although the mean ejaculate volume was unchanged (P ≥ 0.093), the total sperm cell count and the percentage of motile sperm cells increased (P ≤ 0.03 and P < 0.001, respectively), whereas the percentage of sperm cells with abnormal morphology decreased (P ≤ 0.04). The pregnancy rate was 48.5%, and there was no serious adverse drug event. It is concluded, albeit cautiously, that prolonged treatment with 2.5 mg/day of oral lisinopril may be well tolerated in normotensive men with idiopathic oligospermia, may improve sperm quantity and quality, and may enhance fertility in approximately half of those treated.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"91","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics"}}},"pageStart":"582","pageEnd":"589","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1038/clpt.2011.265","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50591364"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/clpt.2011.265"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22378155"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50591364"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-depo-medroxyprogesterone-acetate-on-breast-cancer-risk-among-women-20--reck4tvztvtdpexgs/","name":"Effect of depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate on breast cancer risk among women 20  to 44 years of age","headline":"Effect of depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate on breast cancer risk among women 20  to 44 years of age","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-depo-medroxyprogesterone-acetate-on-breast-cancer-risk-among-women-20--reck4tvztvtdpexgs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher I Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1759-105X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elisabeth F Beaber","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8401-1396","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tang MT"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mei Tang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7294-0355","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fred Hutch Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007ps6h72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peggy L Porter","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8271-401X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fred Hutch Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007ps6h72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathleen E Malone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5643-6714","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wayne State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01070mq45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Janet R Daling","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fred Hutch Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007ps6h72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mei-Tzu Chen Tang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1486-4698","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fred Hutch Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007ps6h72"}}],"datePublished":"2012-03-01","abstract":"Depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) is an injectable contraceptive that contains the same progestin as the menopausal hormone therapy regimen found to increase breast cancer risk among postmenopausal women in the Women's Health Initiative clinical trial. However, few studies have evaluated the relationship between DMPA use and breast cancer risk. Here, we conducted a population-based case-control study among 1,028 women ages 20 to 44 years to assess the association between DMPA use and breast cancer risk. Detailed information on DMPA use and other relevant covariates was obtained through structured interviewer-administered in-person questionnaires, and unconditional logistic regression was used to evaluate associations between various aspects of DMPA use and breast cancer risk. We found that recent DMPA use for 12 months or longer was associated with a 2.2-fold [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.2-4.2] increased risk of invasive breast cancer. This risk did not vary appreciably by tumor stage, size, hormone receptor expression, or histologic subtype. Although breast cancer is rare among young women and the elevated risk of breast cancer associated with DMPA appears to dissipate after discontinuation of use, our findings emphasize the importance of identifying the potential risks associated with specific forms of contraceptives given the number of available alternatives.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"72","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cancer Research"}}},"pageStart":"2028","pageEnd":"2035","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-4064","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35894901"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-4064"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22369929"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35894901"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/medical-management-of-metabolic-dysfunction-in-pcos-tjuwcq5f/","name":"Medical management of metabolic dysfunction in PCOS","headline":"Medical management of metabolic dysfunction in PCOS","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/medical-management-of-metabolic-dysfunction-in-pcos-tjuwcq5f/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Antoni J Duleba","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1419-6502","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yale University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03v76x132"}}],"datePublished":"2012-03-01","abstract":"Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with metabolic derangements including insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. There is a growing need to develop pharmacologic interventions to improve metabolic function in women with PCOS. Medications that have been tested in patients with PCOS include metformin, thiazolidinediones, acarbose, naltrexone, orlistat, vitamin D and statins. Metformin decreases hepatic gluconeogenesis and free fatty acid oxidation while increasing peripheral glucose uptake. Early studies in PCOS suggested that metformin indirectly reduces insulin level, dyslipidemia and systemic inflammation; however, recent placebo-controlled trials failed to demonstrate significant metabolic benefit. Thiazolidinediones act primarily by increasing peripheral glucose uptake. Most studies in PCOS have demonstrated that thiazolidinediones reduce insulin resistance; however, effects on dyslipidemia were disappointing. Use of thiazolidinediones is associated with weight gain and major complications. Acarbose reduces digestion of polysaccharides. Studies in PCOS yielded inconsistent effects of acarbose on insulin sensitivity and no significant improvement of dyslipidemia. Naltrexone reduces appetite and modulates insulin release; its use in PCOS may reduce hyperinsulinemia. Orlistat decreases absorption of dietary fats; studies in PCOS suggest beneficial effects on insulin sensitivity. Vitamin D may improve insulin sensitivity but mixed results on lipid profile in PCOS have been reported. Statins are competitive inhibitors of the key enzyme regulating the mevalonate pathway; their effects are related to reduced cholesterol production as well as anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. In women with PCOS, statins reduce hyperandrogenism, improve lipid profile and reduce systemic inflammation while the effects on insulin sensitivity are variable. Use of statins is contraindicated in pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"77","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Steroids"}}},"pageStart":"306","pageEnd":"311","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.steroids.2011.11.014","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.steroids.2011.11.014"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ultrastructural-interaction-between-spermatozoon-and-human-oviductal-cells-in-vi-recmshyaqhai3jk7k/","name":"Ultrastructural interaction between spermatozoon and human oviductal cells in  vitro","headline":"Ultrastructural interaction between spermatozoon and human oviductal cells in  vitro","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ultrastructural-interaction-between-spermatozoon-and-human-oviductal-cells-in-vi-recmshyaqhai3jk7k/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ana M Salgado","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3457-3766","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Manuel E Cortés","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0845-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x0xhn70"}}],"datePublished":"2012-02-23","abstract":"The oviduct is an important organ for successful mammalian reproduction. In this work, human oviducts were inseminated and their explants analyzed using scanning electron microscopy in order to study, at a finer ultrastructual level, the interaction between spermatozoon and oviduct in vitro. Results show unequivocally a spermatozoon tightly attached through the acrosomal region of its head to several cilia of the human tubal epithelial cells. This finding proves that spermatozoa do indeed adhere to the endosalpinx, a fact of utmost relevance for the physiology of the reproductive process, since it supports the idea of a spermatozoa reservoir being formed in the oviduct, which is also briefly discussed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"61","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Electron Microscopy"}}},"pageStart":"123","pageEnd":"126","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/jmicro/dfs002","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83486804"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/jmicro/dfs002"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22355149"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q83486804"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstrual-bleeding-patterns-among-regularly-menstruating-women-recuhhogjidkf4slt/","name":"Menstrual bleeding patterns among regularly menstruating women","headline":"Menstrual bleeding patterns among regularly menstruating women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstrual-bleeding-patterns-among-regularly-menstruating-women-recuhhogjidkf4slt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Z Pollack","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4313-3298","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"George Mason University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neil J Perkins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6802-4733","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Donald R. Mattison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5623-0874","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Ottawa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03c4mmv16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sonya S Dasharathy","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Wactawski-Wende","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3096-9595","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}}],"datePublished":"2012-02-22","abstract":"Menstrual bleeding patterns are considered relevant indicators of reproductive health, though few studies have evaluated patterns among regularly menstruating premenopausal women. The authors evaluated self-reported bleeding patterns, incidence of spotting, and associations with reproductive hormones among 201 women in the BioCycle Study (2005-2007) with 2 consecutive cycles. Bleeding patterns were assessed by using daily questionnaires and pictograms. Marginal structural models were used to evaluate associations between endogenous hormone concentrations and subsequent total reported blood loss and bleeding length by weighted linear mixed-effects models and weighted parametric survival analysis models. Women bled for a median of 5 days (standard deviation: 1.5) during menstruation, with heavier bleeding during the first 3 days. Only 4.8% of women experienced midcycle bleeding. Increased levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (β = 0.20, 95% confidence interval: 0.13, 0.27) and progesterone (β = 0.06, 95% confidence interval: 0.03, 0.09) throughout the cycle were associated with heavier menstrual bleeding, and higher follicle-stimulating hormone levels were associated with longer menses. Bleeding duration and volume were reduced after anovulatory compared with ovulatory cycles (geometric mean blood loss: 29.6 vs. 47.2 mL; P = 0.07). Study findings suggest that detailed characterizations of bleeding patterns may provide more insight than previously thought as noninvasive markers for endocrine status in a given cycle.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"175","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Epidemiology"}}},"pageStart":"536","pageEnd":"545","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwr356","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35821775"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/aje/kwr356"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22350580"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35821775"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/direct-abortion-or-legitimate-medical-procedure-double-effect-dby7s1pj/","name":"Direct Abortion or Legitimate Medical Procedure Double Effect?","headline":"Direct Abortion or Legitimate Medical Procedure Double Effect?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/direct-abortion-or-legitimate-medical-procedure-double-effect-dby7s1pj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Seeds JW"}],"datePublished":"2012-02-01","abstract":"The distinction between direct abortion and legitimate medical procedures deemed necessary to save the life of the mother but resulting in the death of the unborn child challenge all clinicians and persons of faith. A careful analysis of the principle of double effect and a recent statement by the Committee on Doctrine of the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops offer some clarity to this difficult conflict. Two case examples offer illustration for the analysis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"79","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"81","pageEnd":"87","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1179/002436312803571546","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90789171"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1179/002436312803571546"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30082962"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q90789171"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/significant-risks-of-oral-contraceptives-ocps-why-this-drug-class-should-not-be--recngda8v15mtyyux/","name":"Significant Risks of Oral Contraceptives (OCPs): Why This Drug Class Should Not  Be Included in a Preventive Care Mandate","headline":"Significant Risks of Oral Contraceptives (OCPs): Why This Drug Class Should Not  Be Included in a Preventive Care Mandate","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/significant-risks-of-oral-contraceptives-ocps-why-this-drug-class-should-not-be--recngda8v15mtyyux/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rebecca Peck","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2399-5560","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Florida State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05g3dte14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Charles W Norris","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}}],"datePublished":"2012-02-01","abstract":"Pregnancy is not a disease. But more fundamentally, neither is human fertility. They are normal physiologic processes of the sexually mature person. By classifying pregnancy and fertility as disease states, certain entities are able to position contraception as \"the cure.\" Currently, these same organizations want to include oral contraceptive counseling and medications in the new national health-care plan under a preventive care mandate. But it is the physician's role to counsel patients on preventive care measures. We understand that these evidenced-based screenings help to change risky behaviors and catch disease in its earliest stages, thereby reducing patients' overall morbidity and mortality. However, we believe that patients incur substantial health risks when choosing oral contraceptives (OCPs). This paper reviews the major risks of OCPs. The authors presume that the prevailing widespread acceptance and promotion of OCPs indicates general agreement within the medical community that OCPs are good for the patient (or at least not significantly harmful). Therefore, this paper concentrates on the studies which show increased harm and risk to the patient choosing to use OCPs. We have concentrated our efforts on three major areas: increased rates of cardiovascular disease, breast cancer, and human papillomavirus (HPV) or cervical cancer. If fertility and pregnancy are not disease states, and are, in fact, normal conditions associated with healthy individuals, OCPs fail the most important test of preventive medicine: they increase risk of disease instead of decreasing it. Patients should not be misled or confused into believing that what they are taking is \"good for them\" and is of the same beneficial effect as other preventive measures.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"79","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"41","pageEnd":"56","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1179/002436312803571447","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q90789158"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1179/002436312803571447"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30082959"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q90789158"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/and-venturoli-s-ndbmb1vf/","name":"Sexual Behavior and Oral Contraception: A Pilot Study","headline":"Sexual Behavior and Oral Contraception: A Pilot Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/and-venturoli-s-ndbmb1vf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Cesare Battaglia","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Battaglia B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mancini F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Busacchi P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paganotto MC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Morotti E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Venturoli S"}],"datePublished":"2012-02-01","abstract":"ABSTRACT\n\nIntroduction\nOral contraceptives (OCs) induce mood and libido changes.\n\n\nAim\nThe aim of this study was to evaluate in young, eumenorrheic, healthy women the sexual behavior and the genital vascular effects of an OC containing 30 µg ethinylestradiol (EE) and 3 mg drospirenone (DRSP).\n\n\nMain Outcome Measures\nThe main outcome measures are McCoy Female Sexuality Questionnaire (MFSQ), the labia minora thickness and vaginal introitus area, the pulsatility index (PI) of clitoral and labia minora arteries, and hormonal and biochemical assays.\n\n\nMethods\nTwenty-two adult, eumenorrheic, healthy women were administered the two-factor Italian MFSQ. The labia minora thickness was studied by two-dimensional ultrasonographic, and the clitoral and labia minora arteries were evaluated by color Doppler; three-dimensional static volumes of the vulvar area were calculated. Hormonal (estradiol, androstenedione, and testosterone) and biohumoral (sex hormone binding globulin) parameters were assayed. Subjects were studied in baseline conditions and after 3 months of therapy with an OC (Yasmin®, Bayer-Schering Italia, Milan, Italy; −30 µg EE + 3 mg DRSP).\n\n\nResults\nAfter 3-month treatment, the labia minora thickness and the vaginal introitus area significantly decreased in comparison with the baseline values, whereas the PI of the dorsal clitoral artery and the posterior labial artery significantly increased. The OC use induced a significant decrease of the two-factor Italian MFSQ score, a reduction of the number of intercourse/week, and a reduction of the frequency of orgasm during intercourse. The item 18 (pain during intercourse) worsened after OC.\n\n\nConclusions\nThe treatment with Yasmin® (Bayer-Schering Italia) is associated with increased pain during intercourse, with decreased libido and spontaneous arousability, and with diminished frequency of sexual intercourse and orgasm.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Sexual Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"550","pageEnd":"557","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1743-6109.2011.02597.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51373657"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1743-6109.2011.02597.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q51373657"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effects-of-injectable-hormonal-contraceptives-on-hiv-seroconversion-and-on-sexually-transmitted-infections-rect19x6wavkr6fvv/","name":"The effects of injectable hormonal contraceptives on HIV seroconversion and on sexually transmitted infections","headline":"The effects of injectable hormonal contraceptives on HIV seroconversion and on sexually transmitted infections","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effects-of-injectable-hormonal-contraceptives-on-hiv-seroconversion-and-on-sexually-transmitted-infections-rect19x6wavkr6fvv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Handan Wand","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8279-7652","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UNSW Sydney","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gita Ramjee","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Perinatal HIV Research Unit","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05j6xkp39"}}],"datePublished":"2012-01-28","abstract":"Objectives: To investigate the association between hormonal contraceptives and risk of HIV-1 seroconversion and prevalence of other sexually transmitted infections.\nDesign: Prospective cohort.\n\nMethods: The study population was 2,236 HIV-negative women who were screened in a biomedical intervention trial in Durban, South Africa. The association between the use of hormonal contraceptives and risk of HIV-1 seroconversion was modeled using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections were assessed using logistic regression models.\n\nResults: Hormonal injectables were the most common method of contraceptives (46.47%) followed by condom use (28.04%). Overall, compared with women who reported using condoms or other methods as their preferred form of contraceptive, those who reported using hormonal contraceptives (injectables and oral pills) were less likely to use condoms in their last sexual act. Using hormonal injectables during the study was significantly associated with increased risk for HIV-1 infection [adjusted hazard ratio 1.72, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.19-2.49, P = 0.005]; hormonal injectables were also significantly associated with higher prevalent of C. trachomatis infections (adjusted odds ratio 2.46, 95% CI 1.52-3.97, P < 0.001).\n\nConclusion: Hormonal injectables are highly effective and well tolerated family planning methods and have played an important role in reducing unplanned pregnancies and maternal and infant mortality. However, they do not protect against HIV-1 and other sexually transmitted infections. This study reinforces the importance of comprehensive contraceptive counseling to women about the importance of dual protection, such as male condoms and hormonal contraceptives use.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"26","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"AIDS"}}},"pageStart":"375","pageEnd":"380","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0b013e32834f990f","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37849690"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/QAD.0b013e32834f990f"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22156970"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37849690"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clinician-perceptions-of-providing-natural-family-planning-methods-in-title-x-fu-rectppblsgmyhbkfl/","name":"Clinician perceptions of providing natural family planning methods in Title X funded clinics","headline":"Clinician perceptions of providing natural family planning methods in Title X funded clinics","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clinician-perceptions-of-providing-natural-family-planning-methods-in-title-x-fu-rectppblsgmyhbkfl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Patricia J Kelly","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8143-7153","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Missouri–Kansas City","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01w0d5g70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacki Witt","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8542-9425"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kimberly J. McEvers"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maithe Enriquez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6486-1489","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Policlinica Gipuzkoa"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patricia Abshier"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eve McGee","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1275-5067"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Magda Vasquez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9333-5955"}],"datePublished":"2012-01-19","abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Natural family planning (NFP) methods are effective for contraception with proper and consistent use. However, only 1% of patients at federally funded Title X family planning clinics select NFP as a contraceptive method. The goal of this study was to understand from clinicians' perspectives the barriers and facilitators to providing NFP methods.\n\nMETHODS: Six telephone focus groups were conducted with 29 clinicians from Title X clinics across the United States and Puerto Rico. A hermeneutic method was used to analyze data for related themes.\n\nRESULTS: The overarching theme from the study was that participants had a strong desire to teach their patients how their bodies work and to empower them to learn to control fertility. Four subthemes emerged: patient misinformation and misunderstanding about fertility; provider ideas about ideal types of candidates for NFP; inconsistent patient teaching strategies; and lack of time to teach NFP methods.\n\nDISCUSSION: There is a need for increased NFP training for providers and efficient NFP patient teaching strategies to meet the needs of patients with limited knowledge about fertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"57","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health"}}},"pageStart":"35","pageEnd":"42","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1542-2011.2011.00107.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83261698"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1542-2011.2011.00107.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22251910"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q83261698"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relationship-between-antithyroid-antibody-and-pregnancy-outcome-following-in-vit-recq0qyv6qkhsrxxq/","name":"Relationship between antithyroid antibody and pregnancy outcome following in  vitro fertilization and embryo transfer","headline":"Relationship between antithyroid antibody and pregnancy outcome following in  vitro fertilization and embryo transfer","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relationship-between-antithyroid-antibody-and-pregnancy-outcome-following-in-vit-recq0qyv6qkhsrxxq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yi-ping Zhong","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5561-4657","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/037p24858"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhong YP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ying Ying","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9782-6292","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/037p24858"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wu HT"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Can-quan Zhou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4826-3200","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sun Yat-sen University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0064kty71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhou CQ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yan-wen Xu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4201-3621","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/037p24858"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xu YW"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Qiuyan Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3538-2403","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangxi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02c9qn167"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jingyi Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4874-2874","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wuhan Union Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0371fqr87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiao-ting Shen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9684-7852","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sun Yat-sen University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0064kty71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shen XT"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lei Jin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9793-6926","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tongji Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04xy45965"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hai-tao Wu","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sun Yat-sen University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0064kty71"}}],"datePublished":"2012-01-19","abstract":"Objective: To investigate the impact of antithyroid antibody on pregnancy outcome following the in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET).\n\nMethods: A total of 90 patients (156 cycles) positive for antithyroid antibody (ATA+ group) and 676 infertile women (1062 cycles) negative for antithyroid antibody (ATAgroup) undergoing IVF/ICSI from August 2009 to August 2010 were retrospectively analyzed.\n\nResults: There was no significant difference in the days of ovarian stimulation, total gonadotropin dose, serum E2 level of HCG day and number of oocytes retrieved between the two groups. The fertilization rate, implantation rate and pregnancy rate following IVF-ET were significantly lower in women with antithyroid antibody than in control group (64.3% vs 74.6%, 17.8% vs 27.1% and 33.3% vs 46.7%, respectively), but the abortion rate was significantly higher in patients with antithyroid antibody (26.9% vs 11.8%).\n\nConclusion: Patients with antithyroid antibody showed significantly lower fertilization rate, implantation rate and pregnancy rate and higher risk for abortion following IVF-ET when compared with those without antithyroid antibody. Thus, the presence of antithyroid antibody is detrimental for the pregnancy outcome following IVF-ET.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Medical Sciences"}}},"pageStart":"121","pageEnd":"125","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.7150/ijms.3467","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35673498"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.7150/ijms.3467"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22253557"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35673498"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2011-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2011-0p3lxqsz/","name":"DIR Jahrbuch 2011 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2011)","headline":"DIR Jahrbuch 2011 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2011)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2011-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2011-0p3lxqsz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register e.V."}],"datePublished":"2012-01-01","abstract":"Annual report (Jahrbuch) of the Deutsches IVF-Register (DIR) for treatment year 2011. DIR is the German national IVF/ICSI registry, founded 1982 — the oldest continuously operating ART registry. Voluntary professional-society database with high de-facto coverage of German fertility centres. Reports cycles, transfers, pregnancies and clinical outcomes by treatment type (IVF, ICSI, frozen embryo transfer, donor). German-language registry document. Used as a Phase B historical-archive source for the ART Registry Comparison study (cross-registry classification by reporting completeness on 7 framework dimensions).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register Jahrbuch"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reducing-uterine-and-ovarian-mortality-risks-of-religious-sisters-a-critique-and-rec1djrnimg5holas/","name":"Reducing uterine and ovarian mortality risks of religious sisters","headline":"Reducing uterine and ovarian mortality risks of religious sisters","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reducing-uterine-and-ovarian-mortality-risks-of-religious-sisters-a-critique-and-rec1djrnimg5holas/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine Cimo Hemphill"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathryn Karges"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sr Renée Mirkes"},{"@type":"Person","name":"The National Catholic Bioethics Center"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Renee Mirkes","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontifical John Paul II Institute for Studies on Marriage and Family","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xphj289"}}],"datePublished":"2012-01-01","abstract":"Consecrated women religious have been shown to be at increased risk for uterine and ovarian cancers. The authors critique a proposal by Kara Britt and Roger Short advocating the distribution of a combined oral contraceptive to women religious as a way of reducing this risk. The authors argue that the proposal is seriously flawed: the data it references attenuate its conclusion, the execution protocol is incomplete, and the proposal fails to address the serious health risks of combined oral contraceptives. As a counterproposal, the authors recommend that women religious be taught to monitor their gynecologic health by charting their menstrual and ovulatory cycles. National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly 12.2 (Summer 2012): 235–239.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The national Catholic bioethics quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"235","pageEnd":"239","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.5840/ncbq201212250","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.5840/ncbq201212250"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diagnosis-and-management-of-catamenial-seizures-a-review-4vnnqffi/","name":"Diagnosis and management of catamenial seizures: a review","headline":"Diagnosis and management of catamenial seizures: a review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diagnosis-and-management-of-catamenial-seizures-a-review-4vnnqffi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Verrotti A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D'Egidio C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Agostinelli S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Verrotti C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pavone P"}],"datePublished":"2012-01-01","abstract":"Catamenial epilepsy is defined as a pattern of seizures that changes in severity during particular phases of the menstrual cycle, wherein estrogens are proconvulsant, increasing the neuronal excitability; and progesterone is anticonvulsant, enhancing GABA-mediated inhibition. Thus, changes in serum estradiol/progesterone ratio throughout a normal reproductive cycle bring about an increased or decreased risk of seizure occurrence. To date, there are no specific drug treatments for catamenial epilepsy however, non-hormonal and hormonal therapies have been proposed. The aim of this review is to report preclinical and clinical evidences about the relationship between female reproductive steroids and epileptic seizures, and to describe treatment approaches for catamenial epilepsy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International journal of women's health"}},"pageStart":"535","pageEnd":"41","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S28872","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36311643"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2147/IJWH.S28872"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23071424"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36311643"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/circulating-unmetabolized-folic-acid-relationship-to-folate-status-and-effect-of-ciyyxd4m/","name":"Circulating unmetabolized folic Acid: relationship to folate status and effect of supplementation","headline":"Circulating unmetabolized folic Acid: relationship to folate status and effect of supplementation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/circulating-unmetabolized-folic-acid-relationship-to-folate-status-and-effect-of-ciyyxd4m/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Tam C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"O'Connor D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Koren","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2275-0713"}],"datePublished":"2012-01-01","abstract":"There are increasing concerns that exposure to unmetabolized folic acid, which results from folic acid intakes that overwhelm the liver's metabolic capacity, may be associated with adverse effects. In this paper, we examined the folic acid status of women of reproductive age in relation to dietary intake and the effect of folic acid supplementation (1.1 mg or 5 mg). Plasma unmetabolized folic acid was not significantly correlated with folate intake estimated by food frequency questionnaire or biomarkers. The proportion of women with detectable levels of unmetabolized folic acid increased from 65% to 100% after twelve weeks of supplementation (P < 0.05); however, the increase in concentrations did not reach statistical significance and the effect was not sustained. Moreover, there were no significant differences between the two doses. This suggests that there are mechanisms by which the body adapts to high folic acid intakes to limit exposure to unmetabolized folic acid.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2012","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and gynecology international"}},"pageStart":"485179","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/485179","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35864173"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1155/2012/485179"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22529856"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35864173"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/using-aromatase-inhibitors-to-induce-ovulation-in-breast-ca-survivors-rec2foemdh1kiwros/","name":"Using Aromatase Inhibitors to Induce Ovulation in Breast CA Survivors","headline":"Using Aromatase Inhibitors to Induce Ovulation in Breast CA Survivors","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/using-aromatase-inhibitors-to-induce-ovulation-in-breast-ca-survivors-rec2foemdh1kiwros/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kenny A. Rodriguez‐Wallberg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4378-6181","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Karolinska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00m8d6786"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kutluk Oktay","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0914-7757","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute for Fertility Preservation and Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, New York Medical College, Rye and Valhalla, New York, USA"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert F Casper","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6249-462X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mohamed F Mitwally","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, and The Samuel Lununfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada."}}],"datePublished":"2012-01-01","pageStart":"1409","pageEnd":"17","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36405648","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36405648"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-pathophysiology-of-uterine-adenomyosis-an-update-rec4xwbjdnpkzb7oq/","name":"The pathophysiology of uterine adenomyosis: an update","headline":"The pathophysiology of uterine adenomyosis: an update","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-pathophysiology-of-uterine-adenomyosis-an-update-rec4xwbjdnpkzb7oq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Giuseppe Benagiano","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1247-6300","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sapienza University of Rome","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02be6w209"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marwan Habiba","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5404-252X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Leicester","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04h699437"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ivo Brosens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9762-2820"}],"datePublished":"2012-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"98","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"572","pageEnd":"579","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.06.044","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38028126"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.06.044"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22819188"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38028126"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assessing-the-effect-of-introducing-a-new-method-into-family-planning-programs-i-gp0wtgjf/","name":"Assessing the effect of introducing a new method into family planning programs in India, Peru, and Rwanda","headline":"Assessing the effect of introducing a new method into family planning programs in India, Peru, and Rwanda","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assessing-the-effect-of-introducing-a-new-method-into-family-planning-programs-i-gp0wtgjf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rebecka Lundgren","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9607-5722","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Irit Sinai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2445-7577","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute for Reproductive Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00jt1e157"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jha P","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4170-5675"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mukabatsinda M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sacieta L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"León FR","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2290-6837"}],"datePublished":"2012-01-01","abstract":"Background: Introducing a new method into family planning programs requires careful attention to ensure it meets an actual need and has a positive effect on program goals. The Standard Days Method® is a fertility awareness-based method of family planning that is being introduced into family planning programs in countries around the world. It is different from other methods offered by programs, and may bring new couples into family planning, and increase contraceptive prevalence. The study assesses the effect on contraceptive use and prevalence of Introducing Standard Days Method into existing family planning services in whole regions of India, Peru, and Rwanda. Methods: In collaboration with the Ministry of Health, health providers were given a contraceptive update on all methods, then trained in counseling on Standard Days Method. Efforts were made to promote demand in the context of informed choice. Routine monthly service statistics in control and intervention areas were used to assess the effect of Standard Days Method introduction at the clinic level; baseline and endline household-based surveys were undertaken to obtain results at the community level (n > 3400 women at endline). Results: Demand for the method is evident in countries with different levels of contraceptive prevalence. The method attracts couples new to family planning, and introducing it into services may increase overall contraceptive prevalence. Conclusions: Introducing Standard Days Method into existing family planning has the potential of benefiting men and women in diverse settings and populations. This study illustrates the critical role of evidence in scaling up a health innovation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproductive Health"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1742-4755-9-17","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/1742-4755-9-17"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22938378"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/combined-estrogen-progestogen-contraceptives-iarc-monograph-vol-100a-reclytxufhseq8avn/","name":"Combined Estrogen-Progestogen Contraceptives (IARC Monograph Vol 100A)","headline":"Combined Estrogen-Progestogen Contraceptives (IARC Monograph Vol 100A)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/combined-estrogen-progestogen-contraceptives-iarc-monograph-vol-100a-reclytxufhseq8avn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"International Agency for Research on Cancer"}],"datePublished":"2012-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/surgical-techniques-for-the-management-of-male-infertility-r8tbf6dd/","name":"Surgical techniques for the management of male infertility","headline":"Surgical techniques for the management of male infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/surgical-techniques-for-the-management-of-male-infertility-r8tbf6dd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lopushnyan NA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Walsh TJ","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6584-1271"}],"datePublished":"2012-01-01","abstract":"Evaluation and surgical treatment of male infertility has evolved and expanded, now leading to more precise diagnoses and tailored treatments with diminished morbidity and greater success. Surgeries for male infertility are divided into four major categories: (i) diagnostic surgery; (ii) surgery to improve sperm production; (iii) surgery to improve sperm delivery; and (iv) surgery to retrieve sperm for use with in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF-ICSI). While today we are more successful than ever in treating male infertility, pregnancy is still not always achieved likely due to factors that remain poorly understood. Clinicians treating infertility should advocate for couple-based therapy, and require that both partners have a thorough evaluation and an informed discussion before undergoing specific surgical therapies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Asian Journal of Andrology"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1038/aja.2011.62","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/aja.2011.62"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22120932"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/depo-provera-contraceptive-injection-fda-prescribing-information-recub3ofdc0x9pe28/","name":"Depo-Provera Contraceptive Injection (FDA Prescribing Information)","headline":"Depo-Provera Contraceptive Injection (FDA Prescribing Information)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/depo-provera-contraceptive-injection-fda-prescribing-information-recub3ofdc0x9pe28/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jennifer Robinson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1040-2778","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roxanne Jamshidi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1295-8043"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anne E. Burke","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4849-1068","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}}],"datePublished":"2012-01-01","pageStart":"890160","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36184718","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36184718"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/medications-used-to-treat-nausea-and-vomiting-of-pregnancy-and-the-risk-of-selec-s6zggvui/","name":"Medications used to treat nausea and vomiting of pregnancy and the risk of selected birth defects","headline":"Medications used to treat nausea and vomiting of pregnancy and the risk of selected birth defects","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/medications-used-to-treat-nausea-and-vomiting-of-pregnancy-and-the-risk-of-selec-s6zggvui/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Anderka M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mitchell AA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carol Louik","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5429-5084"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Werler MM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sonia Hernández-Diaz"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sonja A Rasmussen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0574-4928","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Surveillance, Epidemiology, and Laboratory Services","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xte6x19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"National Birth Defects Prevention Study"}],"datePublished":"2012-01-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) occurs in up to 80% of pregnant women, but its association with birth outcomes is not clear. Several medications are used for the treatment of NVP; however, data are limited on their possible associations with birth defects.\n\nMETHODS: Using data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS)-a multi-site, population-based, case-control study-we examined whether NVP or its treatment was associated with the most common noncardiac defects in the NBDPS (nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate [CL/P], cleft palate alone [CP], neural tube defects, and hypospadias) compared with randomly selected nonmalformed live births.\n\nRESULTS: Among the 4524 cases and 5859 controls included in this study, 67.1% reported first-trimester NVP, and 15.4% of them reported using at least one agent for NVP. Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy was not associated with CP or neural tube defects, but modest risk reductions were observed for CL/P (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.77-0.98) and hypospadias (aOR = 0.84; 95% CI, 0.72-0.98). Regarding treatments for NVP in the first trimester, the following adjusted associations were observed with an increased risk: proton pump inhibitors and hypospadias (aOR = 4.36; 95% CI, 1.21-15.81), steroids and hypospadias (aOR = 2.87; 95% CI, 1.03-7.97), and ondansetron and CP (aOR = 2.37; 95% CI, 1.18-4.76), whereas antacids were associated with a reduced risk for CL/P (aOR = 0.58; 95% CI, 0.38-0.89).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: NVP was not observed to be associated with an increased risk of birth defects; however, possible risks related to three treatments (i.e., proton pump inhibitors, steroids and ondansetron), which could be chance findings, warrant further investigation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"94","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Birth defects research. Part A, Clinical and molecular teratology"}}},"pageStart":"22","pageEnd":"30","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/bdra.22865","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35820722"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/bdra.22865"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22102545"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35820722"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pathogenesis-and-pathophysiology-of-endometriosis-reclyrolaktyzxqmy/","name":"Pathogenesis and pathophysiology of endometriosis","headline":"Pathogenesis and pathophysiology of endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pathogenesis-and-pathophysiology-of-endometriosis-reclyrolaktyzxqmy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard O Burney","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7344-7805","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Madigan Healthcare System, Tacoma, WA; Department of Clinical Investigation, Madigan Healthcare Syst...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01sfyq865"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Linda C Giudice","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1677-0822","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03"}}],"datePublished":"2012-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"98","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"511","pageEnd":"519","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.06.029","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24596679"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.06.029"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22819144"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q24596679"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nuvaring-etonogestrelethinyl-estradiol-vaginal-ring-fda-prescribing-information-recsq4el3vtj632xs/","name":"NuvaRing (etonogestrel/ethinyl estradiol vaginal ring) FDA Prescribing Information","headline":"NuvaRing (etonogestrel/ethinyl estradiol vaginal ring) FDA Prescribing Information","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nuvaring-etonogestrelethinyl-estradiol-vaginal-ring-fda-prescribing-information-recsq4el3vtj632xs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Merck Sharp & Dohme"}],"datePublished":"2012-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/iarc-monograph-on-carcinogenic-hazards-of-hormonal-contraceptives-recavfl7imfepfv7k/","name":"IARC Monograph on Carcinogenic Hazards of Hormonal Contraceptives","headline":"IARC Monograph on Carcinogenic Hazards of Hormonal Contraceptives","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/iarc-monograph-on-carcinogenic-hazards-of-hormonal-contraceptives-recavfl7imfepfv7k/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"International Agency for Research on Cancer"}],"datePublished":"2012-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-and-infertility-a-review-of-the-pathogenesis-and-treatment-of-endo-hdx6ks3d/","name":"Endometriosis and infertility: a review of the pathogenesis and treatment of endometriosis-associated infertility","headline":"Endometriosis and infertility: a review of the pathogenesis and treatment of endometriosis-associated infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-and-infertility-a-review-of-the-pathogenesis-and-treatment-of-endo-hdx6ks3d/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Macer ML"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Taylor HS","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1720-8310"}],"datePublished":"2012-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ogc.2012.10.002","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ogc.2012.10.002"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/review-on-autoimmune-reactions-in-female-infertility-antibodies-to-follicle-stim-igdny8wb/","name":"Review on autoimmune reactions in female infertility: antibodies to follicle stimulating hormone","headline":"Review on autoimmune reactions in female infertility: antibodies to follicle stimulating hormone","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/review-on-autoimmune-reactions-in-female-infertility-antibodies-to-follicle-stim-igdny8wb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Haller-Kikkatalo K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andres Salumets","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1251-8160","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"John Radcliffe Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0080acb59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Uibo R"}],"datePublished":"2012-01-01","abstract":"Female fertility can be affected by diseases or dysfunctions of reproductive tract, neuroendocrine system, and immune system. Reproductive autoimmune failure can be associated with overall activation of immune system or with immune system reactions specifically directed against ovarian antigens. Majority of the antiovarian autoantibodies are directed against β-subunit of follicle stimulating hormone (anti-FSH). This paper summarizes a current clinical classification of female infertility in the context of general activation of autoimmunity and antiovarian autoimmunity by describing serum anti-FSH. The presence of naturally occurring anti-FSH in healthy women will be discussed. In addition, the putative impairment of ovarian folliculogenesis in case of increased production of those antibodies in infertile women will be characterized.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2012","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical & developmental immunology"}},"pageStart":"762541","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/762541","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27693908"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1155/2012/762541"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22007255"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q27693908"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ethnobiology-and-ethnopharmacology-of-lepidium-meyenii-maca-a-plant-from-the-per-kkrqvy1e/","name":"Ethnobiology and Ethnopharmacology of Lepidium meyenii (Maca), a Plant from the Peruvian Highlands","headline":"Ethnobiology and Ethnopharmacology of Lepidium meyenii (Maca), a Plant from the Peruvian Highlands","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ethnobiology-and-ethnopharmacology-of-lepidium-meyenii-maca-a-plant-from-the-per-kkrqvy1e/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Gonzales GF"}],"datePublished":"2012-01-01","abstract":"Lepidium meyenii (maca) is a Peruvian plant of the Brassicaceae family cultivated for more than 2000 years, which grows exclusively in the central Andes between 4000 and 4500 m altitude. Maca is used as a food supplement and also for its medicinal properties described traditionally. Since the 90s of the XX century, an increasing interest in products from maca has been observed in many parts of the world. In the last decade, exportation of maca from Peru has increased from 1,415,000 USD in 2001 to USD 6,170,000 USD in 2010. Experimental scientific evidence showed that maca has nutritional, energizer, and fertility-enhancer properties, and it acts on sexual dysfunctions, osteoporosis, benign prostatic hyperplasia, memory and learning, and protects skin against ultraviolet radiation. Clinical trials showed efficacy of maca on sexual dysfunctions as well as increasing sperm count and motility. Maca is a plant with great potential as an adaptogen and appears to be promising as a nutraceutical in the prevention of several diseases.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2012","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM"}},"pageStart":"193496","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/193496","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21296705"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1155/2012/193496"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21977053"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q21296705"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cartr-2012-annual-report-2011-results-from-the-canadian-art-register-xir2ncsq/","name":"CARTR 2012 Annual Report - 2011 Results from the Canadian ART Register","headline":"CARTR 2012 Annual Report - 2011 Results from the Canadian ART Register","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cartr-2012-annual-report-2011-results-from-the-canadian-art-register-xir2ncsq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Canadian Fertility and Andrology Society"}],"datePublished":"2012-01-01","abstract":"Canadian ART Register (CARTR) annual report for 2011. In 2011, 31 of 32 Canadian ART clinics participated in CARTR. Voluntary professional society database operated by the Canadian Fertility and Andrology Society.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"CFAS"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-in-europe-2008-results-generated-from-european--rejm55ql/","name":"Assisted reproductive technology in Europe, 2008: results generated from European registers by ESHRE","headline":"Assisted reproductive technology in Europe, 2008: results generated from European registers by ESHRE","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-in-europe-2008-results-generated-from-european--rejm55ql/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ferraretti AP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Veerle Goossens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9342-2143","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/028sbah75"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacques de Mouzon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9465-3488","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Siladitya Bhattacharya","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6279-7826","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aberdeen Maternity Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0020hse07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Castilla JA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Korsak V"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kupka M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nygren KG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nyboe Andersen A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"European IVF-Monitoring (EIM)"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Consortium for European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE)"}],"datePublished":"2012 Sep","abstract":"10. Assisted reproductive technology in Europe, 2008: results generated from European registers by ESHRE. Ferraretti AP(1), Goossens V, de Mouzon J, Bhattacharya S, Castilla JA, Korsak V, Kupka M, Nygren KG, Nyboe Andersen A; European IVF-monitoring (EIM); Consortium for European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE). (1)ESHRE Central Office, Meerstraat 60, B-1852 Grimbergen, Belgium. annapia.ferraretti@sismer.it BACKGROUND: This 12th European IVF-monitoring (EIM) report presents the results of treatments involving assisted reproductive technology (ART) initiated in Europe during 2008. METHODS: From 36 countries (3 more compared with 2007), 1051 clinics reported 532 260 treatment cycles including: IVF (124 539), ICSI (280 552), frozen embryo replacements (FER, 97 120), egg donation (ED, 13 609), in vitro maturation (IVM, 562), preimplantation genetic diagnosis/screening (PGD/PGS, 2875) and frozen oocyte replacements (FOR, 4080). Overall, this represents a 7.9% increase in the activity since 2007, which is mainly related to an increase in cycles from almost all registers and only partially to the new countries entering EIM (Estonia, Kazakhstan, Moldova and Romania, 5480 cycles in total). European data on intrauterine insemination using husband/partner's (IUI-H) and donor (IUI-D) semen were reported from 27 and 21 countries, respectively. A total of 144 509 IUI-H (+1.5%) and 24 960 IUI-D (-4.3%) cycles were included. RESULTS: In 19 countries where all clinics reported to the ART register, a total of 350 143 ART cycles were performed in a population of 369.8 million, corresponding to 947 cycles per million inhabitants. For IVF, the clinical pregnancy rates per aspiration and per transfer were 28.5 and 32.5%, respectively, and for ICSI the corresponding rates were 28.7 and 31.9%. In FER cycles, the pregnancy rate per thawing was 19.3%. The delivery rate after IUI was 9.1% for IUI-H and 13.8% for IUI-D. In IVF and ICSI cycles, one, two, three and four or more embryos were transferred in 22.4, 53.2, 22.3 and 2.1%, respectively. The proportions of singleton, twin and triplet deliveries after IVF and ICSI (combined) were 78.3, 20.7 and 1.0%, respectively, resulting in a total multiple delivery rate of 21.7%, compared with 22.3% in 2007, 20.8% in 2006 and 21.8% in 2005. In FER cycles, the multiple delivery rate was 13.7% (13.4% twins and 0.3% triplets). In women undergoing IUI, twin and triplet deliveries occurred in 10.6% and 0.7% with IUI-H and in 9.4 and 0.3% with IUI-D, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In comparison with previous years, there was an increase in the reported number of ART cycles in Europe. For the first time in 5 years, the pregnancy rates failed to show a year-on-year increase. Compared with 2007, the number of transfers of multiple embryos (3+) and a multiple delivery rate showed a marginal decline.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/des255","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47394116"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/des255"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22786779"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47394116"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-surveillanceunited-states-2009-vjx850hu/","name":"Assisted reproductive technology surveillance--United States, 2009","headline":"Assisted reproductive technology surveillance--United States, 2009","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-surveillanceunited-states-2009-vjx850hu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Saswati Sunderam","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dmitry M. Kissin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6483-0474","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Flowers L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"E J Anderson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7514-7929","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Suzanne G. Folger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Denise J Jamieson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2597-1201","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wanda D. Barfield","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5875-0475","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)"}],"datePublished":"2012 Nov 2","abstract":"Sunderam S(1), Kissin DM, Flowers L, Anderson JE, Folger SG, Jamieson DJ, \nBarfield WD; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Surveillance summaries (Washington, D.C. : 2002)"},"sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43592163","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23114281"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43592163"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-in-europe-2007-results-generated-from-european--xo0wfdzf/","name":"Assisted reproductive technology in Europe, 2007: results generated from European registers by ESHRE","headline":"Assisted reproductive technology in Europe, 2007: results generated from European registers by ESHRE","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-in-europe-2007-results-generated-from-european--xo0wfdzf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacques de Mouzon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9465-3488","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Veerle Goossens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9342-2143","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/028sbah75"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Siladitya Bhattacharya","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6279-7826","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aberdeen Maternity Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0020hse07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Castilla JA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ferraretti AP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Korsak V"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kupka M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nygren KG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Nyboe Andersen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9828-1255","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Copenhagen University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05bpbnx46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"European IVF-Monitoring (EIM)"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Consortium for the European Society on Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE)"}],"datePublished":"2012 Apr","abstract":"17. Assisted reproductive technology in Europe, 2007: results generated from European registers by ESHRE. de Mouzon J(1), Goossens V, Bhattacharya S, Castilla JA, Ferraretti AP, Korsak V, Kupka M, Nygren KG, Andersen AN; European IVF-Monitoring (EIM); Consortium for the European Society on Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE). (1)ESHRE Central Office, Meerstraat 60, B-1852 Grimbergen, Belgium. jacques.demouzon@inserm.fr BACKGROUND: This 11th European IVF-monitoring report presents the results of assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatments initiated in Europe during 2007. METHODS: From 33 countries, 1029 clinics reported 493 184 treatment cycles: IVF (120 761), ICSI (256 642), frozen embryo replacement (91 145), egg donation (15 731), preimplantation genetic diagnosis/preimplantation genetic screening (4638), in vitro maturation (660) and frozen oocytes replacements (3607). Overall, this represents a 7.6% increase since 2006, mostly related to an increase in all registers. IUI using husband/partner's (IUI-H) and donor (IUI-D) semen was reported from 23 countries: 142 609 IUI-H (+6.2%) and 26 088 IUI-D (+7.2%). RESULTS: In 18 countries where all clinics reported, 376 971 ART cycles were performed in a population of 425.6 million (886 cycles per million). The clinical pregnancy rates per aspiration and per transfer were 29.1 and 32.8% for IVF, and 28.6 and 33.0% for ICSI. Delivery rate after IUI-H was 10.2% in women aged < 40 years. In IVF/ICSI cycles, 1, 2, 3 and ≥4 embryos were transferred in 21.4, 53.4, 22.7 and 2.5% of cycles, with no decline in the number of embryos per transfer since 2006. The proportion of multiple deliveries (22.3: 21.3% twin and 1.0% triplet), did not decrease compared with 2006 (20.8%) and 2005 (21.8%). In women < 40 years undergoing IUI-H, twin deliveries occurred in 11.7% and triplets in 0.5%. CONCLUSIONS: In comparison with previous years, the reported number of ART cycles in Europe increased in 2007; pregnancy rates increased marginally, but the earlier decline in the number of embryos transferred and multiple births did not continue.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/des023","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35829518"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/des023"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22343707"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35829518"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-an-interstitial-cystitisbladder-pain-syndrome-clinical-cohort-with-recbfexiqjgpdurhc/","name":"Comparison of an interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome clinical cohort with  symptomatic community women from the RAND Interstitial Cystitis Epidemiology  study","headline":"Comparison of an interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome clinical cohort with  symptomatic community women from the RAND Interstitial Cystitis Epidemiology  study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-an-interstitial-cystitisbladder-pain-syndrome-clinical-cohort-with-recbfexiqjgpdurhc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marc N. Elliott","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7147-5535","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"RAND Corporation","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f2z7n96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lara Hilton","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7482-1472","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"RAND Corporation","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f2z7n96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Daniel J Clauw","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8114-7818","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ann Arbor VA Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/039n0s143"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Quentin Clemens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0759-3385","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ann Arbor VA Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/039n0s143"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sandra H Berry","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"RAND Corporation","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f2z7n96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M. Elliott","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3848-1597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Katy S Konkle","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Michigan–Ann Arbor","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marika J Suttorp","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"RAND Corporation","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f2z7n96"}}],"datePublished":"2011-12-20","abstract":"Purpose: The RAND Interstitial Cystitis Epidemiology survey estimated that 2.7% to 6.5% of United States women have urinary symptoms consistent with a diagnosis of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome. We describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of the symptomatic community based RAND Interstitial Cystitis Epidemiology cohort, and compare them with those of a clinically based interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome cohort.\n\nMaterials and Methods: Subjects included 3,397 community women who met the criteria for the RAND Interstitial Cystitis Epidemiology high sensitivity case definition, and 277 women with an interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome diagnosis recruited from specialist practices across the United States (clinical cohort). Questions focused on demographic information, symptom severity, quality of life indicators, concomitant diagnoses and treatment.\n\nResults: Average symptom duration for both groups was approximately 14 years. Women in the clinical cohort reported worse baseline pain and maximum pain, although the absolute differences were small. Mean Interstitial Cystitis Symptom Index scores were approximately 11 for both groups, but mean Interstitial Cystitis Problem Index scores were 9.9 and 13.2 for the clinical cohort and the RAND Interstitial Cystitis Epidemiology cohort, respectively (p <0.001). The RAND Interstitial Cystitis Epidemiology subjects were more likely to be uninsured.\n\nConclusions: The RAND Interstitial Cystitis Epidemiology community cohort was remarkably similar to an interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome clinical cohort with respect to demographics, symptoms and quality of life measures. In contrast to other chronic pain conditions for which clinical cohorts typically report worse symptoms and functional status than population based samples, our data suggest that many measures of symptom severity and functional impact are similar, and sometimes worse, in the RAND Interstitial Cystitis Epidemiology cohort. These findings suggest that interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome is significantly burdensome, and likely to be underdiagnosed and undertreated in the United States.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"187","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Urology"}}},"pageStart":"508","pageEnd":"512","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2011.10.040","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37489916"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.juro.2011.10.040"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22177158"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37489916"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/should-risk-of-bone-fragility-restrict-weight-control-for-other-health-reasons-in-postmenopausal-women-a-ten-year-prospective-study-reccs2hhn4nt2kihl/","name":"Should risk of bone fragility restrict weight control for other health reasons in postmenopausal women?--A ten year prospective study","headline":"Should risk of bone fragility restrict weight control for other health reasons in postmenopausal women?--A ten year prospective study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/should-risk-of-bone-fragility-restrict-weight-control-for-other-health-reasons-in-postmenopausal-women-a-ten-year-prospective-study-reccs2hhn4nt2kihl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joonas Sirola","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6761-8276","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Eastern Finland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cyydd11"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Toni Rikkonen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5948-1222","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Eastern Finland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cyydd11"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Heikki Kröger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4245-8186","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kuopio University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fqdfs68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Risto Honkanen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Eastern Finland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cyydd11"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marjo Tuppurainen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Eastern Finland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cyydd11"}}],"datePublished":"2011-12-16","abstract":"Background: The aim of the present study was to investigate the health risks of excess body weight in the light of its protective effects on bone fragility.\n\nMethods: Femoral neck and lumbar spine dual X-ray absorptiometry was performed for 1970 Finnish women with a mean baseline age of 58.8 years (range 53.1-65.7 years) in 1994 and 2004. Women were categorized according to baseline BMI into normal <25 kg/m2, overweight 25-29.9 kg/m(2) and obese ≥30 kg/m(2). Weight change (kg) was categorized into tertiles. Co-morbidities, not allowed to be present at baseline, was based on self-reports. Osteoporosis was defined as femoral neck or spinal (L2-L4) T-score <-2.5 SD at 10-year follow-up or <-2.0 SD+low trauma energy follow-up fracture. Uniand multivariate logistic regression models were used to estimate the 10-year risk of incident health disorders. Adjustment for age, number of diseases, alcohol intake and smoking was used in the multivariate models.\n\nResults: Obesity (Ob) and overweight (Ow) were related with higher 10-year risk of hypertension (OR=2.6 (Ob)/OR=1.7 (Ow), p<0.001), coronary artery disease (OR=1.6, p<0.05/OR=1.2, p=NS), diabetes (OR=11.7/OR=5.3, p<0.001), osteoarthritis (OR=1.4, p<0.05/OR=1.1, p=NS), chronic back pain (OR=1.6, p=0.007/OR=1.2, p=NS) and poor self-rated health (OR=2.4, p<0.05/OR=1.5, p=NS) and lower risk of osteoporosis (OR=0.13/OR=0.28, p<0.001). Weight change of less than +1 kg was associated 1.8 and 2.6 times lower 10-year risk of having hypertension and breast cancer than weight change over 6.2 kg. Among obese women the absolute risk increase of hypertension was 17%, of diabetes 12%, and absolute risk reduction of osteoporosis 14% in comparison to BMI <25 kg/m(2).\n\nConclusions: Health related risks of high BMI outweigh its protective effects on bone. Weight gain increases the risk hypertension and breast cancer.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"71","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Maturitas"}}},"pageStart":"162","pageEnd":"168","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2011.11.020","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47337517"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.maturitas.2011.11.020"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22177977"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47337517"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/knowledge-acceptability-and-use-of-the-billings-natural-family-planning-method-recb65cpo1uevbmxu/","name":"Knowledge, acceptability and use of the Billings natural family planning  method","headline":"Knowledge, acceptability and use of the Billings natural family planning  method","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/knowledge-acceptability-and-use-of-the-billings-natural-family-planning-method-recb65cpo1uevbmxu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Taqueco Teruya Uchimura","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8040-7940","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Estadual de Maringá","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04bqqa360"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lívia Maria Martins de Almeida","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Estadual de Maringá","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04bqqa360"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Liza Yurie Teruya Uchimura","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4935-2432","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02x1vjk79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Uchimura LY"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Danilo Marco Perego","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Estadual de Maringá","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04bqqa360"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nelson Shozo Uchimura","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Estadual de Maringá","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04bqqa360"}}],"datePublished":"2011-12-15","abstract":"This is an observational quantitative and analytical study aimed at verifying the knowledge, acceptability and use of natural family planning (NFP) by patients in a university hospital from July to November, 2008. The data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed with the softwares Excel and Statistica 8.0. Of the 113s women interviewed, 70 (62%) accepted the method and 1 (0.9%) used it routinely. Acceptance was higher among those who wished to become pregnant in the future compared to those who did not wish it. Acceptability was statistically significant (p = 0.0147) among the 28 (80%) non-contraceptive users compared to 42 (53.8%) who used some contraceptive method. Factors such as age, education, number of living children and religion were not statiscally associated with the acceptability of NFP. The Billings ovulation method has an adequate acceptability, but has a low actual use because of the lack of information by health professionals of its real effectiveness and applicability.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Revista Gaucha De Enfermagem"}}},"pageStart":"516","pageEnd":"523","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1590/s1983-14472011000300012","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82932945"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1590/s1983-14472011000300012"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22165398"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q82932945"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-contraception-and-the-risk-of-hiv-acquisition-among-women-in-south-africa-receeffqhayzukcvr/","name":"Hormonal contraception and the risk of HIV acquisition among women in South  Africa","headline":"Hormonal contraception and the risk of HIV acquisition among women in South  Africa","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-contraception-and-the-risk-of-hiv-acquisition-among-women-in-south-africa-receeffqhayzukcvr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Charles Morrison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9873-3194","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Durham University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01v29qb04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cynthia Kwok","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3717-8836","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Family Health International 360","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007kp6q87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pai-Lien Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7300-0122","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Triangle","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fhbr831"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chen PL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Janneke van de Wijgert","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2728-4560"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Khatija Ahmed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0650-347X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Limpopo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/017p87168"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Barbara Friedland","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5041-3634","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Population Council","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03zjj0p70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marlena Gehret-Plagianos","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Population Council","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03zjj0p70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pekka Lahteenmaki","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Population Council","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03zjj0p70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Smruti Patel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0505-4553","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Cape Town","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03p74gp79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gita Ramjee","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Perinatal HIV Research Unit","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05j6xkp39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephanie Skoler-Karpoff","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Population Council","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03zjj0p70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Janneke H H M van de Wijgert","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9800-7005","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Merseyside, United Kingdom."}}],"datePublished":"2011-12-14","abstract":"Objectives: To evaluate the effect of hormonal contraception including combined oral contraceptives (COCs), and the injectable progestins depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) and norethisterone enanthate (Net-En) on the risk of HIV acquisition among women in South Africa. DESIGN/\n\nMethods: We analyzed data from 5567 women aged 16-49 years participating in the Carraguard Phase 3 Efficacy Trial. Participants were interviewed about contraceptive use and sexual behaviors and underwent pelvic examinations and HIV testing quarterly. We used marginal structural Cox regression models to estimate the effect of hormonal contraception exposure on HIV acquisition risk among women overall and among young women (16-24 years) in particular.\n\nResults: Two hundred and seventy participants became HIV-infected (3.7 per 100 woman-years); HIV incidence was 2.8, 4.6, 3.5 and 3.4 per 100 woman-years in the COC, DMPA, Net-En and nonhormonal contraceptive groups, respectively (P = 0.09). The adjusted hazard ratios (AHRs) were 0.84 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.51-1.39], 1.28 (95% CI 0.92-1.78) and 0.92 (95% CI 0.64-1.32) among COC, DMPA and Net-En users, respectively, compared with the nonhormonal group controlling for covariates. Age modified the effect of hormonal contraception on HIV acquisition risk; among young women, the AHRs were 1.02 (95% CI 0.46-2.28) for COCs, 1.68 (95% CI 0.96-2.94) for DMPA and 1.36 (95% CI0.78-2.35) for Net-En users.\n\nConclusions: In this study conducted among South African women, hormonal contraception did not significantly increase the risk of HIV acquisition. However, the effect estimate does not rule out a moderate increase in HIV risk associated with DMPA use found in some other recent studies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"26","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"AIDS (London, England)"}}},"pageStart":"497","pageEnd":"504","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0b013e32834fa13d","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43678639"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/QAD.0b013e32834fa13d"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22156973"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43678639"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/10-cancers-attributable-to-exposure-to-hormones-in-the-uk-in-2010-recp7ocmybexdjebt/","name":"10. Cancers attributable to exposure to hormones in the UK in 2010","headline":"10. Cancers attributable to exposure to hormones in the UK in 2010","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/10-cancers-attributable-to-exposure-to-hormones-in-the-uk-in-2010-recp7ocmybexdjebt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"D M Parkin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3229-1784","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen Mary University of London","sameAs":"https://ror.org/026zzn846"}}],"datePublished":"2011-12-14","abstract":"The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Monographs on the carcinogenic risk to humans concluded that combined oral oestrogen–progestogen contraceptives are carcinogenic to humans (IARC, 2007). This evaluation was made on the basis of increased risks for cancer of the breast (among current and recent users only), cervix and liver (in populations that are at low risk for hepatitis B viral infection). There is also convincing evidence in humans that these agents confer a protective effect against cancer of the endometrium and ovary.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"105 Suppl 2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"Suppl 2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British Journal of Cancer"}}},"pageStart":"S42-S48","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1038/bjc.2011.483","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35654702"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/bjc.2011.483"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22158320"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35654702"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-oral-contraceptive-therapy-on-homocysteine-and-c-reactive-protein-leve-recyxwhaqsiewkde9/","name":"Effect of oral contraceptive therapy on homocysteine and C-reactive protein  levels in women: an observational study","headline":"Effect of oral contraceptive therapy on homocysteine and C-reactive protein  levels in women: an observational study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-oral-contraceptive-therapy-on-homocysteine-and-c-reactive-protein-leve-recyxwhaqsiewkde9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mohsen Korani","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5054-0978"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ali Samadikuchaksaraei","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2108-9927"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Soudabeh Fallah","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01c4pz451"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vajihe Norouzi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01c4pz451"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Morteza Seifi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01c4pz451"}}],"datePublished":"2011-12-06","abstract":"Objective: Increased levels of homocysteine and C-reactive protein (CRP) are considered as independent risk factors for atherosclerosis. As the level of these factors is affected by sex hormones, a population-based assessment of their changes following oral contraceptive therapy is needed to avoid the side effects that might arise of these variations. To this aim, the present study was to investigate the effect of combined oral contraceptive (OCP) on CRP and homocysteine levels among young healthy women.\n\nMethods: We conducted an observational cross-sectional analysis of 90 healthy, non-obese women (mean age 25 years and body-mass index 22 kg/m2). Forty-five healthy women on OCP and 45 healthy controls were studied for CRP and homocysteine levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Unpaired t test and Chi-square test were used for comparison of variables between oral contraceptive users and non-oral contraceptive users.\n\nResults: The results showed that the homocysteine (13.268±3.475 vs. 7.288±2.621 µmol/L) and CRP (5863.0±1349.5 vs. 1138.3±691.12 ng/ml) levels were significantly higher in women receiving OCP in comparison with the control group (p=0.027 and p<0.001, respectively).\n\nConclusion: The alteration in homocysteine and CRP levels could be attributed to the OCP suggesting that use of these pills should be reviewed in women with increased risk of atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular risk factors.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Anadolu Kardiyoloji Dergisi : AKD = the Anatolian Journal of Cardiology"}}},"pageStart":"698","pageEnd":"702","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.5152/akd.2011.191","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82788880"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.5152/akd.2011.191"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22137941"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q82788880"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/laparoendoscopic-single-site-surgery-in-gynecology-recmnbaqa8gsh9lhb/","name":"Laparoendoscopic single-site surgery in gynecology","headline":"Laparoendoscopic single-site surgery in gynecology","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/laparoendoscopic-single-site-surgery-in-gynecology-recmnbaqa8gsh9lhb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stuart Hart","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8067-2488","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of South Florida","sameAs":"https://ror.org/032db5x82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Craig Sobolewski","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duke University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04bct7p84"}}],"datePublished":"2011-12-03","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"38","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America"}}},"pageStart":"741","pageEnd":"755","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ogc.2011.09.008","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37963670"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ogc.2011.09.008"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22134020"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37963670"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/monitoring-of-ovarian-activity-by-measurement-of-urinary-excretion-rates-of-estr-reczpell0xaqzn8cg/","name":"Monitoring of ovarian activity by measurement of urinary excretion rates of  estrone glucuronide and pregnanediol glucuronide using the Ovarian Monitor, Part  II: reliability of home testing","headline":"Monitoring of ovarian activity by measurement of urinary excretion rates of  estrone glucuronide and pregnanediol glucuronide using the Ovarian Monitor, Part  II: reliability of home testing","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/monitoring-of-ovarian-activity-by-measurement-of-urinary-excretion-rates-of-estr-reczpell0xaqzn8cg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Catherine d’Arcangues","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"World Health Organization","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01f80g185"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Delwyn G Cooke","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0770-3417","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Palmerston North Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ctbbh52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"James B. Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7414-6809","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Melbourne","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leonard F Blackwell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massey University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052czxv31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Catherine d'Arcangues","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Special Programme of Research, Development, and Research Training in Human Reproduction, Geneva, Switzerland. darcanguesc@who.ch"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Barbara Gross","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7675-7622","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UNICEF"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1406-4251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}}],"datePublished":"2011-12-02","abstract":"Background: The UNDP/WHO/World Bank/Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction (Geneva) set up a study to determine whether it is feasible for women to monitor their ovarian activity reliably by home testing. Daily self-monitoring of urinary hormone metabolites for menstrual cycle assessment was evaluated by comparison of results obtained with the Home Ovarian Monitor by untrained users both at home and in study centres.\n\nMethods: Women collected daily data for urinary estrone glucuronide (E1G) and pregnanediol glucuronide (PdG) for two cycles, then the procedure was repeated in the women's local centre (in Chile, Australia or New Zealand) giving a total of 113 duplicate cycles. The tests were performed without the benefit of replicates or quality controls. The home and centre cycles were normalized and compared to identify assay errors, and the resulting home and centre menstrual cycle profiles were averaged.\n\nResults: Reliable mean cycle profiles were obtained with the home and centre excretion rates agreeing to within 36 ± 21 nmol/24 h for E1G and 0.77 ± 0.28 µmol/24 h for baseline PdG values (1-5 µmol/24 h). The cycles had a mean length of 28.1 ± 3.1 days (n = 112; 5th and 95th percentiles: 24 and 35 days, respectively), a mean follicular phase of 14.8 ± 3.1 days (n = 107; 5th and 95th percentiles: 11 and 21 days) and a mean luteal phase length of 13.3 ± 1.5 days (n = 106; 5th and 95th percentiles: 11 and 17 days), calculated from the day of the LH peak.\n\nConclusions: The study confirmed that the Ovarian Monitor pre-coated assay tubes worked well even in the hands of lay users, without standard curves, quality controls or replicates. Point-of-care monitoring to give reliable fertility data is feasible.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"27","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"550","pageEnd":"557","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/der409","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64886316"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/der409"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22131389"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q64886316"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-hysterectomy-with-ovarian-preservation-on-ovarian-function-fykichmx/","name":"Effect of hysterectomy with ovarian preservation on ovarian function","headline":"Effect of hysterectomy with ovarian preservation on ovarian function","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-hysterectomy-with-ovarian-preservation-on-ovarian-function-fykichmx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Patricia G Moorman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2978-6495","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duke University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04bct7p84"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Evan R Myers","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9053-9864","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duke University Health System","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03wfqwh68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Schildkraut JM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Iversen ES"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fulin Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7687-2700"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Warren N"}],"datePublished":"2011-12-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To prospectively estimate the risk for earlier ovarian failure among women undergoing hysterectomy with ovarian preservation, as compared with women of similar age without hysterectomy.\n\nMETHODS: A prospective cohort study was conducted among women aged 30 to 47 years undergoing hysterectomy without bilateral oophorectomy (n=406) and women with intact uteri (n=465). Blood samples and questionnaire data were obtained at baseline and annually for up to 5 years. Hazard ratios (HR) for ovarian failure, defined as follicle-stimulating hormone levels 40 international units/L or higher, were calculated using Cox proportional hazards models.\n\nRESULTS: Ovarian failure occurred among 60 of the women with hysterectomy and 46 of the women in the control group. Women undergoing hysterectomy were at nearly a twofold increased risk for ovarian failure as compared with women with intact uteri (HR 1.92, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.29-2.86). The proportional hazards model further estimated that 14.8% of women with hysterectomies experienced ovarian failure after 4 years of follow-up compared with 8.0% of the women in the control group. Risk for ovarian failure was greater for women who had a unilateral oophorectomy along with their hysterectomy (HR 2.93, 95% CI 1.57-5.49), but also it was significantly increased for women who retained both ovaries (HR 1.74, 95% CI 1.14-2.65).\n\nCONCLUSION: Increased risk of earlier ovarian failure is a possible consequence of premenopausal hysterectomy. Although it is unresolved whether it is the surgery itself or the underlying condition leading to hysterectomy that is the cause of earlier ovarian failure, physicians and patients should take into account this possible sequela when considering options for treatment of benign conditions of the uterus.\n\nLEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"118","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1271","pageEnd":"1279","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0b013e318236fd12","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35570749"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/AOG.0b013e318236fd12"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22067716"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35570749"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/physical-activity-body-mass-index-and-bone-mineral-density-associations-in-a-pro-recqtyfsyypvrwvrn/","name":"Physical activity, body mass index and bone mineral density-associations in a prospective population-based cohort of women and men: the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos)","headline":"Physical activity, body mass index and bone mineral density-associations in a prospective population-based cohort of women and men: the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/physical-activity-body-mass-index-and-bone-mineral-density-associations-in-a-pro-recqtyfsyypvrwvrn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa Langsetmo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2245-1657","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine L Hitchcock","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation Research, Division of Endocrinology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Shawn Davison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8123-7680","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudie Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5499-2661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Siri Forsmo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xg72x27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wei Zhou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5461-3617","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nancy Kreiger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elaine Kingwell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1956-1700","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Coastal Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bd8jh67"}}],"datePublished":"2011-11-30","abstract":"Background: Physical activity (PA) is an important modifiable risk factor for both bone mineral density (BMD) and body mass index (BMI). However, BMI is itself strongly predictive of BMD. Our aim was to determine the association between PA and BMD, with consideration of BMI as a potential mediating factor.\n\nMethods: The Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos) is a population-based prospective cohort study of Canadian women and men. PA was determined from interviewer-administered questionnaires at baseline and Year 5 and summarized as daily energy expenditure in total metabolic equivalents of the task multiplied by minutes/day (MET*m/d). Height, weight, and total hip and lumbar spine BMD were measured at baseline and Year 5. General linear models assessed relationships between PA and BMD, both cross-sectionally (baseline PA with baseline BMD) and longitudinally (average PA and change in PA with change in BMD). BMI was considered as a mediating factor. Potential confounders included age, center, education, caffeine intake, alcohol exposure, smoking history, history of weight-cycling, age at menarche, past use of oral contraceptives, history of >3 months missed menstruation, menopausal status, and antiresorptive use, as relevant.\n\nResults: The study included 2855 men and 6442 women. PA was inversely associated with BMI at baseline, and an increase in PA between baseline and Year 5 was associated with a decrease in BMI, with 0.41 (95% CI: 0.22, 0.60) kg/m(2) loss per 1000 MET*m/d increase (in men) and 0.40 (95% CI: 0.23, 0.57) kg/m(2) loss per 1000 MET*m/d increase (in women). BMI was strongly associated with BMD, both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. However, increased PA was associated with a small increase in total hip BMD, 0.004 (95% CI: 0.000-0.008) g/cm(2) per 1000 MET*m/d (in men) and 0.003 (95% CI: 0.000-0.007) g/cm(2) per 1000 MET*m/d (in women). Average PA was associated with an increase in lumbar spine BMD in women, but not in men; it was not associated with change in total hip BMD in either sex.\n\nConclusion: Increased PA is associated with an increase in BMD and a concomitant decrease in BMI. These findings suggest that population-level interventions to increase PA would favorably impact bone and other health outcomes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"50","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Bone"}}},"pageStart":"401","pageEnd":"408","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2011.11.009","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37079435"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.bone.2011.11.009"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22154839"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37079435"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/higher-risk-of-venous-thrombosis-associated-with-drospirenone-containing-oral-co-recwcmltj2ngylaj9/","name":"Higher risk of venous thrombosis associated with drospirenone-containing oral  contraceptives: a population-based cohort study","headline":"Higher risk of venous thrombosis associated with drospirenone-containing oral  contraceptives: a population-based cohort study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/higher-risk-of-venous-thrombosis-associated-with-drospirenone-containing-oral-co-recwcmltj2ngylaj9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Naomi Gronich","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4369-6813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rappaport Family Institute for Research in the Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/029hzjx43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gad Rennert","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8512-068X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Clalit Health Services","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04zjvnp94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Idit Lavi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Technion – Israel Institute of Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03qryx823"}}],"datePublished":"2011-11-09","abstract":"Background: Combined oral contraceptives are a common method of contraception, but they carry a risk of venous and arterial thrombosis. We assessed whether use of drospirenone was associated with an increase in thrombotic risk relative to third-generation combined oral contraceptives.\n\nMethods: Using computerized records of the largest health care provider in Israel, we identified all women aged 12 to 50 years for whom combined oral contraceptives had been dispensed between Jan. 1, 2002, and Dec. 31, 2008. We followed the cohort until 2009. We used Poisson regression models to estimate the crude and adjusted rate ratios for risk factors for venous thrombotic events (specifically deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism) and arterial thromboic events (specifically transient ischemic attack and cerebrovascular accident). We performed multivariable analyses to compare types of contraceptives, with adjustment for the various risk factors.\n\nResults: We identified a total of 1017 (0.24%) venous and arterial thrombotic events among 431,223 use episodes during 819 749 woman-years of follow-up (6.33 venous events and 6.10 arterial events per 10,000 woman-years). In a multivariable model, use of drospirenone carried an increased risk of venous thrombotic events, relative to both third-generation combined oral contraceptives (rate ratio [RR] 1.43, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.15-1.78) and second-generation combined oral contraceptives (RR 1.65, 95% CI 1.02-2.65). There was no increase in the risk of arterial thrombosis with drospirenone.\n\nInterpretation: Use of drospirenone-containing oral contraceptives was associated with an increased risk of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, but not transient ischemic attack or cerebrovascular attack, relative to secondand third-generation combined oral contraceptives.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"183","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association Journal = Journal De l'Association Medicale  Canadienne"}}},"pageStart":"E1319-E1325","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.110463","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35664040"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1503/cmaj.110463"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22065352"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35664040"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effects-of-ergot-and-nonergotderived-dopamine-agonists-in-an-experimental-mo-rskvfvhn/","name":"The effects of ergot and non-ergot-derived dopamine agonists in an experimental mouse model of endometriosis","headline":"The effects of ergot and non-ergot-derived dopamine agonists in an experimental mouse model of endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effects-of-ergot-and-nonergotderived-dopamine-agonists-in-an-experimental-mo-rskvfvhn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Delgado-Rosas F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gómez R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ferrero H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gaytan F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Garcia-Velasco J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carlos Simón","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5453-9659","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04drvxt59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonio Pellicer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1234-3281"}],"datePublished":"2011-11-01","abstract":"Implantation of a retrogradely shed endometrium during menstruation requires an adequate blood supply, which allows the growth of endometriotic lesions. This suggests that the development of endometriosis can be impaired by inhibiting angiogenesis. The growth of endometriotic foci is impaired by commercial oncological antiangiogenic drugs used to block vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling. The dopamine agonist cabergoline (Cb2) inhibits the growth of established endometriosis lesions by exerting antiangiogenic effects through VEGFR2 inactivation. However, the use of ergot-derived Cb2 is associated with an increased incidence of cardiac valve regurgitation. To evaluate the potential usage of non-ergot-derived dopamine agonists for the treatment of human endometriosis, we compared the efficacy of quinagolide with that of Cb2 in preventing angiogenesis and vascularization in a heterologous mouse model of endometriosis. Nude mice whose peritoneum had been implanted with eutopic human endometrial fragments were treated with vehicle, 50 μg/kg per day oral Cb2, or 50 or 200 μg/kg per day quinagolide during a 14-day period. At the end of the treatment period, the implants were excised in order to assess lesion size, cell proliferation, degree of vascularization, and angiogenic gene expression. Neoangiogenesis was inhibited and the size of active endometriotic lesions, cellular proliferation index, and angiogenic gene expression were significantly reduced by both dopamine agonists when compared with the placebo. Given that Cb2 and quinagolide were equally effective in inhibiting angiogenesis and reducing lesion size, these experiments provide the rationale for pilot studies to explore the use of non-ergot-derived dopamine agonists for the treatment of endometriosis in humans.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"142","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproduction (Cambridge, England)"}}},"pageStart":"745","pageEnd":"55","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1530/REP-11-0223","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59592981"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1530/REP-11-0223"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21862695"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q59592981"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/contraceptive-efficacy-of-emergency-contraception-with-levonorgestrel-given-befo-ttkuyujs/","name":"Contraceptive efficacy of emergency contraception with levonorgestrel given before or after ovulation","headline":"Contraceptive efficacy of emergency contraception with levonorgestrel given before or after ovulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/contraceptive-efficacy-of-emergency-contraception-with-levonorgestrel-given-befo-ttkuyujs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Noé G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Croxatto HB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Salvatierra AM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Veronica Reyes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0046-1937"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Villarroel C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Muñoz C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Morales G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Retamales A"}],"datePublished":"2011-11-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: The contraceptive efficacy of emergency contraceptive pills containing levonorgestrel (LNG-EC) has been estimated in most previous studies by judging the day of ovulation from presumptive menstrual cycle data, thus providing poorly reliable estimates.\n\nMETHODS: In the present study, the efficacy of LNG-EC was determined in 393 cycles by dating ovulation on the basis of reliable hormonal and ovarian parameters validated by a database constructed in a separate study. In addition, the efficacy was determined separately for cycles in which LNG-EC was given before or after ovulation.\n\nRESULTS: For the 148 women who had sexual intercourse during the fertile days, the overall accumulated probability of pregnancy was 24.7, while altogether 8 pregnancies were observed. Thus, the overall contraceptive efficacy of LNG-EC was 68%. Among the 103 women who took LNG-EC before ovulation (days -5 to -1), 16 pregnancies were expected and no pregnancy occurred (p<.0001). Among the 45 women who took LNG-EC on the day of ovulation (day 0) or thereafter, 8 pregnancies occurred and 8.7 were expected (p=1.00). These findings are incompatible with the inhibition of implantation by LNG-EC in women. The same cases were also analyzed using the presumptive menstrual cycle data, and important discrepancies were detected between the two methods.\n\nCONCLUSION: The efficacy of LNG-EC has been overestimated in studies using presumptive menstrual cycle data. Our results confirm previous similar studies and demonstrate that LNG-EC does not prevent embryo implantation and therefore cannot be labeled as abortifacient.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"84","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"486","pageEnd":"92","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2011.03.006","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82140130"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.contraception.2011.03.006"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22018122"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q82140130"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-blood-testis-barrier-and-its-implications-for-male-contraception-rec9cdkiu199mzjsu/","name":"The Blood-Testis Barrier and Its Implications for Male Contraception","headline":"The Blood-Testis Barrier and Its Implications for Male Contraception","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-blood-testis-barrier-and-its-implications-for-male-contraception-rec9cdkiu199mzjsu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C. Yan Cheng","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1152-1110","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Population Council","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03zjj0p70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dolores D. Mruk","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Population Council","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03zjj0p70"}}],"datePublished":"2011-10-28","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"64","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Pharmacological Reviews"}}},"pageStart":"16","pageEnd":"64","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1124/pr.110.002790","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28395237"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1124/pr.110.002790"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28395237"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-of-venous-thromboembolism-from-use-of-oral-contraceptives-containing-differ-rect7tdwaiku2tpmn/","name":"Risk of venous thromboembolism from use of oral contraceptives containing  different progestogens and oestrogen doses: Danish cohort study, 2001-9","headline":"Risk of venous thromboembolism from use of oral contraceptives containing  different progestogens and oestrogen doses: Danish cohort study, 2001-9","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-of-venous-thromboembolism-from-use-of-oral-contraceptives-containing-differ-rect7tdwaiku2tpmn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Øjvind Lidegaard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9157-4004","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rigshospitalet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mchdq19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lars Nielsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2024-2288","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rigshospitalet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mchdq19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Charlotte Wessel Skovlund","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6234-359X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Danish Cancer Society","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ytt7k16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Finn Egil Skjeldestad","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9875-4991","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wge5k78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ellen Løkkegaard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4149-5663","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035b05819"}}],"datePublished":"2011-10-27","abstract":"Objective: To assess the risk of venous thromboembolism from use of combined oral contraceptives according to progestogen type and oestrogen dose.\nDesign: National historical registry based cohort study.\nSetting: Four registries in Denmark.\n\nParticipants: Non-pregnant Danish women aged 15-49 with no history of thrombotic disease and followed from January 2001 to December 2009.\n\nMain Outcome Measures: Relative and absolute risks of first time venous thromboembolism.\n\nResults: Within 8,010,290 women years of observation, 4307 first ever venous thromboembolic events were recorded and 4246 included, among which 2847 (67%) events were confirmed as certain. Compared with non-users of hormonal contraception, the relative risk of confirmed venous thromboembolism in users of oral contraceptives containing 30-40 µg ethinylestradiol with levonorgestrel was 2.9 (95% confidence interval 2.2 to 3.8), with desogestrel was 6.6 (5.6 to 7.8), with gestodene was 6.2 (5.6 to 7.0), and with drospirenone was 6.4 (5.4 to 7.5). With users of oral contraceptives with levonorgestrel as reference and after adjusting for length of use, the rate ratio of confirmed venous thromboembolism for users of oral contraceptives with desogestrel was 2.2 (1.7 to 3.0), with gestodene was 2.1 (1.6 to 2.8), and with drospirenone was 2.1 (1.6 to 2.8). The risk of confirmed venous thromboembolism was not increased with use of progestogen only pills or hormone releasing intrauterine devices. If oral contraceptives with desogestrel, gestodene, or drospirenone are anticipated to increase the risk of venous thromboembolism sixfold and those with levonorgestrel threefold, and the absolute risk of venous thromboembolism in current users of the former group is on average 10 per 10,000 women years, then 2000 women would need to shift from using oral contraceptives with desogestrel, gestodene, or drospirenone to those with levonorgestrel to prevent one event of venous thromboembolism in one year.\n\nConclusion: After adjustment for length of use, users of oral contraceptives with desogestrel, gestodene, or drospirenone were at least at twice the risk of venous thromboembolism compared with users of oral contraceptives with levonorgestrel.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"343","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"oct25 4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.)"}}},"pageStart":"d6423","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.d6423","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24634077"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj.d6423"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22027398"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q24634077"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-hormonal-contraceptives-and-risk-of-hiv-1-transmission-a-prospective-cohort-study-recsgl69idoivxetz/","name":"Use of hormonal contraceptives and risk of HIV-1 transmission: a prospective cohort study","headline":"Use of hormonal contraceptives and risk of HIV-1 transmission: a prospective cohort study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-hormonal-contraceptives-and-risk-of-hiv-1-transmission-a-prospective-cohort-study-recsgl69idoivxetz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Renee Heffron","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6039-0352","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Deborah Donnell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0587-7480","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fred Hutch Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007ps6h72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Helen Rees","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8521-4168","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of the Witwatersrand","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rp50x72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Connie Celum","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8813-3419","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nelly Mugo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2347-006X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Nairobi","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y9nww90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Edwin Were","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4783-0795","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Moi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04p6eac84"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Guy de Bruyn","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8028-4474","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of the Witwatersrand","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rp50x72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Moses Joloba","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0334-9983","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Makerere University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dmz0111"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kenneth Ngure","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8062-0933","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kenyatta National Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/053sj8m08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"James Kiarie","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4180-7858","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert W Coombs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2709-0512","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jared M Baeten","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8242-8438","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Partners in Prevention HSV/HIV Transmission Study Team"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Edith Nakku-Joloba"}],"datePublished":"2011-10-03","abstract":"Background: Hormonal contraceptives are used widely but their effects on HIV-1 risk are unclear. We aimed to assess the association between hormonal contraceptive use and risk of HIV-1 acquisition by women and HIV-1 transmission from HIV-1-infected women to their male partners.\n\nMethods: In this prospective study, we followed up 3790 heterosexual HIV-1-serodiscordant couples participating in two longitudinal studies of HIV-1 incidence in seven African countries. Among injectable and oral hormonal contraceptive users and non-users, we compared rates of HIV-1 acquisition by women and HIV-1 transmission from women to men. The primary outcome measure was HIV-1 seroconversion. We used Cox proportional hazards regression and marginal structural modelling to assess the effect of contraceptive use on HIV-1 risk.\n\nFindings: Among 1314 couples in which the HIV-1-seronegative partner was female (median follow-up 18·0 [IQR 12·6-24·2] months), rates of HIV-1 acquisition were 6·61 per 100 person-years in women who used hormonal contraception and 3·78 per 100 person-years in those who did not (adjusted hazard ratio 1·98, 95% CI 1·06-3·68, p=0·03). Among 2476 couples in which the HIV-1-seronegative partner was male (median follow-up 18·7 [IQR 12·8-24·2] months), rates of HIV-1 transmission from women to men were 2·61 per 100 person-years in couples in which women used hormonal contraception and 1·51 per 100 person-years in couples in which women did not use hormonal contraception (adjusted hazard ratio 1·97, 95% CI 1·12-3·45, p=0·02). Marginal structural model analyses generated much the same results to the Cox proportional hazards regression.\n\nInterpretation: Women should be counselled about potentially increased risk of HIV-1 acquisition and transmission with hormonal contraception, especially injectable methods, and about the importance of dual protection with condoms to decrease HIV-1 risk. Non-hormonal or low-dose hormonal contraceptive methods should be considered for women with or at-risk for HIV-1.\n\nFunding: US National Institutes of Health and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Lancet Infect Dis"}}},"pageStart":"19","pageEnd":"26","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(11)70247-X","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35699938"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/S1473-3099(11)70247-X"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21975269"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35699938"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-costimulatory-signal-upregulation-is-associated-with-th1-bias-at-the-materna-ju3hq30e/","name":"The costimulatory signal upregulation is associated with Th1 bias at the maternal-fetal interface in human miscarriage","headline":"The costimulatory signal upregulation is associated with Th1 bias at the maternal-fetal interface in human miscarriage","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-costimulatory-signal-upregulation-is-associated-with-th1-bias-at-the-materna-ju3hq30e/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jin LP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fan DX"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tianyang Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4303-332X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stockholm Health Care Services","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04d5f4w73"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Guo PF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Li DJ"}],"datePublished":"2011-10-01","abstract":"PROBLEM To evaluate whether the association of the costimulatory signal regulation with T helper 1/T helper 2 (Th1/Th2) bias at maternal-fetal interface in human pregnancy loss. METHOD OF STUDY The expression of CD80 and CD86 in decidual tissues and CD28 and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) in the decidual T cells was compared between normal early pregnancy and miscarriage by qPCR and Western blot. The cytokine production in decidual T cells was performed by flow cytometry. The correlation of costimulatory molecule expression with Th1/Th2 cytokines was analyzed. RESULTS The CD80 mRNA and protein expression showed no significant difference between normal pregnancy and miscarriage. An increase in the expression of CD28 and CD86 was accompanied by a decrease in the expression of CTLA-4 in miscarriage in comparison with the early pregnancy. The higher expression of interleukin (IL)-2 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ), and lower expression of IL-4 and IL-10 in the decidual T cells were present in miscarriage. A correlation analysis showed a significant positive correlation of CD86 and CD28 expression with the Th1 cytokine production (IL-2 and IFN-γ), a significant negative correlation of CTLA-4 expression with the Th1 cytokine production. CONCLUSION The upregualtion of costimulatory signals on T cells might form an abnormal immune microenvironment, a shift to Th1 responses, at maternal-fetal interface, which leads to human miscarriage.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"66","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989)"}}},"pageStart":"270","pageEnd":"8","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0897.2011.00997.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q53083048"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1600-0897.2011.00997.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21481059"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q53083048"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/predicting-fracture-using-2d-finite-element-modelling-recxjgdcemw05fuei/","name":"Predicting fracture using 2D finite element modelling","headline":"Predicting fracture using 2D finite element modelling","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/predicting-fracture-using-2d-finite-element-modelling-recxjgdcemw05fuei/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J A M MacNeil","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert G Josse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-6264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher S Kovacs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5219-9993","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John’s, NL, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04haebc03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W P Olszynski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2834-8645","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Saskatchewan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Shawn Davison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8123-7680","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephanie M Kaiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7183-5754","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S M Kaiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3222-3711","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}}],"datePublished":"2011-09-29","abstract":"A decrease in bone density at the hip or spine has been shown to increase the risk of fracture. A limitation of the bone mineral density (BMD) measurement is that it provides only a measure of a bone sample's average density when projected onto a 2D surface. Effectively, what determines bone fracture is whether an applied load exceeds ultimate strength, with both bone tissue material properties (can be approximated through bone density), and geometry playing a role. The goal of this project was to use bone geometry and BMD obtained from radiographs and DXA measurements respectively to estimate fracture risk, using a two-dimensional finite element model (FEM) of the sagittal plane of lumbar vertebrae. The Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos) data was used for this study. There were 4194 men and women over the age of 50 years, with 786 having fractures. Each subject had BMD testing and radiographs of their lumbar vertebrae. A single two dimensional FEM of the first to fourth lumbar vertebra was automatically generated for each subject. Bone tissue stiffness was assigned based on the BMD of the individual vertebrae, and adjusted for patient age. Axial compression boundary conditions were applied with a force proportional to body mass. The resulting overall strain from the applied force was found. Men and women were analyzed separately. At baseline, the sensitivity of BMD to predict fragility fractures in women and men was 3.77% and 0.86%, while the sensitivity of FEM to predict fragility fractures for women and men was 10.8% and 11.3%. The FEM ROC curve demonstrated better performance compared to BMD. The relative risk of being considered at high fracture risk using FEM at baseline, was a better predictor of 5 year incident fragility fracture risk compared to BMD.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"34","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Med Eng Phys"}}},"pageStart":"478","pageEnd":"484","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medengphy.2011.08.008","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33807016"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2011.08.008"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21959170"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33807016"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-reproductive-factors-and-breast-cancer-in-an-urban-set-up-at-reciuwhfxttxaac6n/","name":"Association between reproductive factors and breast cancer in an urban set up at  central India: a case-control study","headline":"Association between reproductive factors and breast cancer in an urban set up at  central India: a case-control study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-reproductive-factors-and-breast-cancer-in-an-urban-set-up-at-reciuwhfxttxaac6n/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Anagha Joshi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8444-8210","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bergen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03zga2b32"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A. Paul","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3517-8787","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Gandhi Medical College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04npss011"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"KM Lodha","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Biochemistry, Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal, India"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Nahar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5152-6622","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Gandhi Medical College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04npss011"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Shrivastava","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5293-4268","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Indian Council of Medical Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0492wrx28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"VK Bhagat","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Gandhi Medical College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04npss011"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Lodha","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Gandhi Medical College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04npss011"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Nandeshwar","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Gandhi Medical College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04npss011"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Paul","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8998-4215","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal, India"}}],"datePublished":"2011-09-17","abstract":"Background: Epigenetic changes, geography and environmental factors do surpass the genetic factors in the development of breast cancer. This study investigates the association of reproductive factors with the breast cancer in this context.\n\nObjective: To detect the association of reproductive risk factors with breast cancer in an urban set up at central India.\n\nStudy Design: Matched paired community-based case-control study.\n\nMaterials and Methods: The study was conducted for a period of a year from October 2008 to August 2009 in Bhopal (MP). Demographic data and reproductive risk factor related information were collected using structured questionnaire. Data analysis was done by Epi-info and SPSS 16.\n\nResults: History of using oral contraceptive pills (OR = 3.02, 95% CI: 1.28-7.11), history of not having breastfeeding (OR = 3.62, 95% CI: 1.29-10.16) and family history of breast cancer (OR = 3.98, 95%CI: 1.06-14.826) were associated significantly with the occurrence of breast cancer in multivariate analysis.\n\nConclusions: The findings of the present study suggests that positive family history of breast cancer and history of using OCP may be the epigenetic factors promoting the occurrence of breast cancer while breastfeeding reduces the possibility of acquiring breast cancer.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"48","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Indian Journal of Cancer"}}},"pageStart":"303","pageEnd":"307","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-509X.84928","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39999010"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4103/0019-509X.84928"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21921328"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39999010"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/persistent-organic-pollutants-and-endometriosis-importance-of-biologic-media-for-recuaoknatdcgebm8/","name":"Persistent organic pollutants and endometriosis: Importance of biologic media for defining exposure - the endo study","headline":"Persistent organic pollutants and endometriosis: Importance of biologic media for defining exposure - the endo study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/persistent-organic-pollutants-and-endometriosis-importance-of-biologic-media-for-recuaoknatdcgebm8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Croughan"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhian Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6423-105X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Hediger"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Victor Fujimoto"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Germaine M Buck Louis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1774-4490","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Linda C Giudice","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1677-0822","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kurunthachalam Kannan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1926-7456","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"New York State Department of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04hf5kq57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick J Parsons","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9133-875X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University at Albany, State University of New York","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012zs8222"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Matthew Peterson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4644-602X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rajeshwari Sundaram","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6918-5002","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael W Varner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9455-3973","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2011-09-13","abstract":"Background and\nAims: Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) have been associated with endometriosis, though with equivocal results possibly reflecting choice of biospecimen. We sought to assess this ...","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2011","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"ISEE Conference Abstracts"}}},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1289/isee.2011.01399","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126755801"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1289/isee.2011.01399"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q126755801"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/renaissance-of-surgical-recanalization-for-proximal-fallopian-tubal-occlusion-fa-reccg0hcxr228pcoa/","name":"Renaissance of surgical recanalization for proximal fallopian tubal occlusion:  falloposcopic tuboplasty as a promising therapeutic option in tubal infertility","headline":"Renaissance of surgical recanalization for proximal fallopian tubal occlusion:  falloposcopic tuboplasty as a promising therapeutic option in tubal infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/renaissance-of-surgical-recanalization-for-proximal-fallopian-tubal-occlusion-fa-reccg0hcxr228pcoa/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yudai Tanaka","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1494-7716","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shonan Institute of Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01bawqf59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kazuhiko Kamei"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shino Sakuraba"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rise Shimokawa"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hiroto Tajima"}],"datePublished":"2011-08-30","abstract":"STUDY Objective: To assess the clinical effectiveness of falloposcopic tuboplasty in tubal infertility.\nDesign: Retrospective cohort study (Canadian Task Force classification II-3).\nSetting: Infertility clinic.\n\nPatients: Three hundred forty-five infertile patients (≥2y) with a diagnosis of proximal tubal occlusion, either bilateral or unilateral, between January 2005 and January 2011.\n\nIntervention: Falloposcopic tuboplasty. MEASUREMENTS AND\n\nMAIN Results: Medical records for 345 patients with a diagnosis of proximal tubal occlusion were reviewed. Of the 345 patients, 304 underwent falloposcopic tuboplasty, with successful recanalization achieved in 248 patients (81.6%). Ninety-one of the 304 patients (29.9%) became pregnant. Of these, 18 patients (19.8%) miscarried, and 4 (4.4%) had ectopic pregnancies in the recanalized tube. At 1-, 3-, 6-, and 9-month follow-up, the cumulative probability of conception was 23.1%, 50.6%, 73.6%, and 82.4%, respectively. Related complications included postsurgical infection (0.3%), perforation of the fallopian tube (1.3%), and accidental breakage of the catheter (4.9%) or the falloposcope (1.3%).\n\nConclusions: Falloposcopic tuboplasty is safe and effective for treatment of tubal infertility. The pregnancy rate after falloposcopic tuboplasty is comparable to that after in vitro fertilization, which suggests that it can be an alternative to in vitro fertilization in women with tubal infertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"651","pageEnd":"659","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2011.06.014","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84839963"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jmig.2011.06.014"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21872171"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q84839963"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fluid-retention-over-the-menstrual-cycle-1-year-data-from-the-prospective-ovulat-recfydqn0xlmhdot9/","name":"Fluid Retention over the Menstrual Cycle: 1-Year Data from the Prospective  Ovulation Cohort","headline":"Fluid Retention over the Menstrual Cycle: 1-Year Data from the Prospective  Ovulation Cohort","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fluid-retention-over-the-menstrual-cycle-1-year-data-from-the-prospective-ovulat-recfydqn0xlmhdot9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Colin White","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9541-3438","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University Medical Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05jyrng31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine L Hitchcock","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation Research, Division of Endocrinology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y M Vigna","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8840-192X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2011-08-17","abstract":"We report menstrual and mid-cycle patterns of self-reported \"fluid retention\" in 765 menstrual cycles in 62 healthy women. Self-reported \"fluid retention,\" commonly described as bloating, is one element of the clinical assessment and diagnosis of premenstrual symptoms. These daily diary data were collected as part of an observational prospective one-year study of bone changes in healthy women of differing exercise characteristics. Ovulation was documented by quantitative basal temperature analysis, and serum estradiol and progesterone levels were available from initial and final cycles. Fluid retention scores (on a 0-4 scale) peaked on the first day of menstrual flow (mean ± SE : 0.9 ± 0.1), were lowest during the mid-follicular period, and gradually increased from 0.22 ± 0.05 to 0.50 ± 0.09 over the 11 days surrounding ovulation. Mid-cycle, but not premenstrual, fluid scores tended to be lower in anovulatory cycles (ANOVA P = 0.065), and scores were higher around menstruation than at midcycle (P < 0.0001). Neither estradiol nor progesterone levels were significantly associated with fluid retention scores. The peak day of average fluid retention was the first day of flow. There were no significant differences in women's self-perceived fluid retention between ovulatory and anovulatory cycles.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2011","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology International"}},"pageStart":"138451","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/138451","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33993748"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1155/2011/138451"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21845193"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33993748"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-contraception-and-mental-health-results-of-a-population-based-study-recmilhoryi7ix8xq/","name":"Hormonal contraception and mental health: results of a population-based study","headline":"Hormonal contraception and mental health: results of a population-based study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-contraception-and-mental-health-results-of-a-population-based-study-recmilhoryi7ix8xq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E Toffol","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6757-7355","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03tf0c761"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Oskari Heikinheimo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8671-130X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Helsinki","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040af2s02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Koponen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1448-7783","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03tf0c761"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Luoto","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3012-6395","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Urho Kaleva Kekkonen Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ydecq02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Partonen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1951-2455","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03tf0c761"}}],"datePublished":"2011-08-16","abstract":"Background: The effects of oral contraceptives (OCs) on mental health are not clear, and no study has been focused on the effects of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) on mental health. The aim of this study was to analyse the association between the use of OCs and the LNG-IUS and psychological well-being and psychopathology.\n\nMethods: The associations between the current use of OCs and the LNG-IUS, and their duration versus mood symptoms [Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)], psychological well-being [(General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12)] and recent psychiatric diagnoses [(Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI)] were examined among women who participated in the Finnish-population-based Health 2000 study. Analyses were performed on the 30to 54-year-old sample (n = 2310); some of the analyses were extended to include the younger age group (18to 54-year-old sample; n = 3223).\n\nResults: Overall, hormonal contraception was well tolerated with few significant effects on psychological well-being. The length of OC use was inversely associated with some BDI items ('dissatisfaction, irritability, lost interest in people, earlier waking and lost interest in sex'), and directly associated with 'worries about one's health' (BDI) and with a current diagnosis of 'alcohol dependence' (CIDI). The current use of the LNG-IUS was inversely associated with 'earlier waking' (BDI) and with 'impaired concentration' (GHQ), while the length of LNG-IUS use was inversely associated with 'strain' (GHQ).\n\nConclusions: The influence of hormonal birth control on mental health is modest and mainly favourable. The length of current OC use seems to have some beneficial effects on mood although the longer the duration of use, the greater the association with a diagnosis of alcohol dependence. Knowledge of the use of hormonal contraception might be of value when assessing psychopathology in women. The cross-sectional design, with partly retrospective data collection, precludes any causal conclusions.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"26","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"3085","pageEnd":"3093","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/der269","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45372447"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/der269"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21840911"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q45372447"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clinical-endocrine-and-metabolic-effects-of-metformin-vs-n-acetyl-cysteine-in-wo-recqlr9guosdlmmjg/","name":"Clinical, endocrine and metabolic effects of metformin vs N-acetyl-cysteine in women with polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"Clinical, endocrine and metabolic effects of metformin vs N-acetyl-cysteine in women with polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clinical-endocrine-and-metabolic-effects-of-metformin-vs-n-acetyl-cysteine-in-wo-recqlr9guosdlmmjg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Gokalp Oner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6270-4340","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Erciyes University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047g8vk19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Iptisam Ipek Muderris","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9288-889X"}],"datePublished":"2011-08-13","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical, endocrine and metabolic effects of metformin and N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: In this prospective trial, 100 women with PCOS were randomly divided to receive metformin (500 mg p.o. three times daily) or NAC (600 mg p.o. three times daily) for 24 weeks. Hyperandrogenism, lipid profiles, hirsutism scores, menstrual irregularity, insulin sensitivity and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels were measured at baseline and after the treatment period.\n\nRESULTS: Both treatments resulted in a significant decrease in body mass index, hirsutism score, fasting insulin, HOMA index, free testosterone and menstrual irregularity compared with baseline values, and both treatments had equal efficacy. NAC led to a significant decrease in both total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels, whereas metformin only led to a decrease in total cholesterol level. Although TNF-α levels increased following treatment for both groups, the difference from baseline was not significant.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Metformin and NAC appear to have comparable effects on hyperandrogenism, hyperinsulinaemia and menstrual irregularity in women with PCOS. The effects of metformin and NAC on insulin sensitivity are not associated with TNF-α.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"159","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology"}}},"pageStart":"127","pageEnd":"131","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2011.07.005","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51369645"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ejogrb.2011.07.005"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21831508"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q51369645"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sex-hormonebinding-globulin-oligomenorrhea-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-and-childho-5cq4gcjm/","name":"Sex hormone-binding globulin, oligomenorrhea, polycystic ovary syndrome, and childhood insulin at age 14 years predict metabolic syndrome and class III obesity at age 24 years","headline":"Sex hormone-binding globulin, oligomenorrhea, polycystic ovary syndrome, and childhood insulin at age 14 years predict metabolic syndrome and class III obesity at age 24 years","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sex-hormonebinding-globulin-oligomenorrhea-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-and-childho-5cq4gcjm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C J Glueck","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7932-9866","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jewish Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01h2jcs31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Morrison JA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Daniels S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5520-6952"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ping Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8061-6133","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jewish Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01h2jcs31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stroop D"}],"datePublished":"2011-08-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that oligomenorrhea (menstrual cyclicity ≥42 days), hyperandrogenism, low levels of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), childhood insulin, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) at age 14 years would predict MetS and class III obesity (body mass index ≥40 kg/m(2)) at age 24 years.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: In this prospective study of schoolgirls, at age 14 years, the girls were categorized as regularly cycling (n = 375), oligomenorrheic (n = 18), or oligomenorrhea plus biochemical hyperandrogenism (polycystic ovary syndrome [PCOS]; n = 12), together designated PCOS.\n\nRESULTS: Significant explanatory variables for MetS at age 24 years included childhood insulin, MetS, and PCOS category (all positive) and SHBG (negative) at age 14 years. Using categorical data, top decile of childhood insulin, MetS at age 14, bottom decile of SHBG, and PCOS category were significant positive predictors for MetS at age 24. SHBG (negative), black race (positive), and oligomenorrhea (positive) were significant explanatory variables for class III obesity at age 24. Using categorical data, black race, MetS at age 14, bottom decile of SHBG, PCOS category, and top decile of childhood insulin were positive explanatory variables for class III obesity at age 24 years.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Oligomenorrhea, PCOS (a subcohort of oligomenorrhea), hyperandrogenism, low SHBG, MetS, and childhood insulin at age 14 years may represent a critical, reversible pathway for the development of MetS and class III obesity in young adulthood.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"159","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of pediatrics"}}},"pageStart":"308-13.e2","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2011.01.018","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36160966"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jpeds.2011.01.018"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21362574"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36160966"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-myoinositol-supplementation-on-insulin-resistance-in-patients-with-dscsv9eg/","name":"The effect of myoinositol supplementation on insulin resistance in patients with gestational diabetes","headline":"The effect of myoinositol supplementation on insulin resistance in patients with gestational diabetes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-myoinositol-supplementation-on-insulin-resistance-in-patients-with-dscsv9eg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Francesco Corrado","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7461-5372","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rosario D'Anna","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4655-5071","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Messina, Italy.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Di Vieste G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Giordano D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Basilio Pintaudi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5657-5183","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Angelo Santamaria","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0069-7445","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonino DI Benedetto","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4093-5655","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}}],"datePublished":"2011-08-01","abstract":"AIM: To test the hypothesis that myoinositol supplementation will improve insulin sensitivity as measured by markers of insulin resistance such as homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance and adiponectin in women with gestational diabetes.\n\nMETHODS: The trial was carried out in diet-treated patients with gestational diabetes diagnosed in our department between April 2008 and September 2009. Subjects were randomly assigned to receive either myoinositol supplementation (4 g daily) plus folic acid (400 μg daily)-the study group-or folic acid only (400 μg daily)-the control group. Both groups received the same diet prescription. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance and adiponectin were assayed while fasting at the time of the diagnostic oral glucose tolerance test and after 8 weeks of treatment.\n\nRESULTS: There were 69 evaluable patients, 24 in the study group and 45 in the control group. Fasting glucose and insulin, and consequently homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, decreased in both groups (50% in the study group vs. 29% in the control group), but the decline in the study group was significantly greater than that in the control group (P = 0.0001). Adiponectin increased in the myoinositol group while it decreased in the control group (P = 0.009).\n\nCONCLUSION: Myoinositol improves insulin resistance in patients with gestational diabetes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"28","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association"}}},"pageStart":"972","pageEnd":"5","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-5491.2011.03284.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34026140"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1464-5491.2011.03284.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21414183"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34026140"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/obstetric-hemorrhage-recs2dupxjsndymsk/","name":"Obstetric hemorrhage","headline":"Obstetric hemorrhage","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/obstetric-hemorrhage-recs2dupxjsndymsk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sorokin Y"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claire McLintock","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4771-8760","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duke Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03njmea73"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Allison James","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4570-6595","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Auckland City Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05e8jge82"}}],"datePublished":"2011-08-01","abstract":"An obstetric hemorrhage may occur before or after delivery, but more than 80% of cases occur postpartum. Worldwide, a massive obstetric hemorrhage, resulting from the failure of normal obstetrical, surgical and/or systemic hemostasis, is responsible for 25% of the estimated 358,000 maternal deaths each year. Most women will not have identifiable risk factors. Nonetheless, primary prevention of a postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) begins with an assessment of identifiable risk factors. Women identified as being at high risk of a PPH should be delivered in a center with access to adequately trained staff and an onsite blood bank. A critical feature of a massive hemorrhage in obstetrics is the development of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), which, in contrast to DIC that develops with hemorrhage from surgery or trauma, is frequently an early feature. Data from clinical trials to guide management of transfusion in PPH are lacking. There are likely to be similarities in the management of transfusion in severe PPH to that of major bleeding in other clinical situations, but the pathophysiological processes that contribute to a massive PPH may necessitate different transfusion strategies such as the ratio of red blood cells to plasma components, in particular fibrinogen. Caution should be exercised when considering the appropriate place for recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) in the management of a major PPH. An early hysterectomy is recommended for severe bleeding as a result of placenta accreta or uterine rupture. However, in women with uterine atony who have ongoing bleeding in spite of an adequate transfusion, it may be reasonable to consider a trial of rFVIIa before a hysterectomy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH"}}},"pageStart":"1441","pageEnd":"1451","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-7836.2011.04398.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37888784"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1538-7836.2011.04398.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21668737"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37888784"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptives-and-endometriosis-the-past-use-of-oral-contraceptives-for-tr-hos5smjz/","name":"Oral contraceptives and endometriosis: the past use of oral contraceptives for treating severe primary dysmenorrhea is associated with endometriosis, especially deep infiltrating endometriosis","headline":"Oral contraceptives and endometriosis: the past use of oral contraceptives for treating severe primary dysmenorrhea is associated with endometriosis, especially deep infiltrating endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptives-and-endometriosis-the-past-use-of-oral-contraceptives-for-tr-hos5smjz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Charles Chapron","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2578-3163","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Délégation Paris 5","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02e0y6e06"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Souza C","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9758-7247"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Borghese B","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6385-5829"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lafay-Pillet MC","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6179-4367"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pietro Santulli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4985-7326","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00pg5jh14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bijaoui G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Francois Goffinet","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9643-0299","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Paris Cité","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05f82e368"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dominique De Ziegler","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2513-8220","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mkjjy25"}}],"datePublished":"2011-08-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: The relationship between the use of oral contraception (OC) and endometriosis remains controversial. We therefore compared various characteristics of OC use and the surgical diagnosis of endometriosis histologically graded as superficial peritoneal endometriosis (SUP), ovarian endometrioma (OMA) or deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE).\n\nMETHODS: This cross-sectional study included 566 patients without visible endometriosis at surgery as controls, and 410 patients with histologically proven endometriosis, categorized by their worst lesions as SUP n = 47, OMA n = 120 and DIE n = 243. Personal data, including on OC use, were prospectively collected during standardized interviews. Statistical analysis was performed using unconditional logistic regression.\n\nRESULTS: Past OC users had an increased incidence of endometriosis (adjusted odd ratios (OR) = 2.79, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.74-5.12, P = 0.002) of any revised American Fertility Society stage. Women who had previously used OC for severe primary dysmenorrhea were even more frequently diagnosed with endometriosis (adjusted OR = 5.6, 95% CI 3.2-9.8), especially for DIE (adjusted OR = 16.2, 95% CI 7.8-35.3). Women who had previously used OC for other reasons also had an increased risk of endometriosis, but to a lesser extent (adjusted OR = 2.6, 95% CI 1.8-4.1). The age at which OC was initiated, duration of OC use and free interval from last OC use were not significantly different between control and endometriosis women, irrespective of histological grading. Current OC users did not show an increased prevalence of endometriosis (OR = 1.22, 95% CI 0.6-2.52).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate that a history of OC use for severe primary dysmenorrhea is associated with surgical diagnosis of endometriosis, especially DIE, later in life. However, this does not necessarily mean that use of OC increases the risk of developing endometriosis. Past use of OC for primary dysmenorrhea may serve as a marker for women with endometriosis and DIE.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"26","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"2028","pageEnd":"35","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/der156","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61859483"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/der156"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21642638"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q61859483"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diagnosis-and-management-of-endometrial-polyps-a-critical-review-of-the-literatu-recrwlgifsnrq9ua4/","name":"Diagnosis and management of endometrial polyps: a critical review of the  literature","headline":"Diagnosis and management of endometrial polyps: a critical review of the  literature","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diagnosis-and-management-of-endometrial-polyps-a-critical-review-of-the-literatu-recrwlgifsnrq9ua4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Erin Nesbitt‐Hawes","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Hospital for Women","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021cxfs56"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Campbell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0976-2509","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UNSW Sydney","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Abbott","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3837-6065","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Hospital for Women","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021cxfs56"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Nesbitt-Hawes"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Salim","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6899-2695","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Won","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UNSW Sydney","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63"}}],"datePublished":"2011-07-26","abstract":"This review article summarizes the salient literature on the diagnosis and management of endometrial polyps. Electronic resources including Medline, PubMed, CINAHL, The Cochrane Library (including the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews), Current Contents, and EMBASE were searched with the MeSH terms including all subheadings and keywords endometrial polyps, abnormal uterine bleeding, polypectomy, polyp management, polyp and diagnosis, and polyp and malignancy. There is a paucity of level I evidence in the literature on the diagnosis and management of this common gynecologic disease. Noninvasive investigations such as transvaginal ultrasonography, with or without the use of 3-dimensional ultrasonography and contrast techniques remain the mainstay of first-line investigation. Hysteroscopic resection is the most effective management for endometrial polyps and allows histologic assessment, whereas blind biopsy or curettage has low diagnostic accuracy and should not be performed. This article will review the cause, epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic investigations, and management of endometrial polyps.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"569","pageEnd":"581","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2011.05.018","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33969510"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jmig.2011.05.018"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21783430"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33969510"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-ethics-of-uterus-transplantation-rech9hge8f2gcskfk/","name":"The ethics of uterus transplantation","headline":"The ethics of uterus transplantation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-ethics-of-uterus-transplantation-rech9hge8f2gcskfk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ruby Catsanos","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Macquarie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01sf06y89"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wendy Rogers","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9186-870X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mianna Lotz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9814-5675"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Renee Mirkes","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontifical John Paul II Institute for Studies on Marriage and Family","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xphj289"}}],"datePublished":"2011-07-04","abstract":"Human uterus transplantation (UTx) is currently under investigation as a treatment for uterine infertility. Without a uterus transplant, the options available to women with uterine infertility are adoption or surrogacy; only the latter has the potential for a genetically related child. UTx will offer recipients the chance of having their own pregnancy. This procedure occurs at the intersection of two ethically contentious areas: assisted reproductive technologies (ART) and organ transplantation. In relation to organ transplantation, UTx lies with composite tissue transplants such as face and limb grafts, and shares some of the ethical concerns raised by these non-life saving procedures. In relation to ART, UTx represents one more avenue by which a woman may seek to meet her reproductive goals, and as with other ART procedures, raises questions about the limits of reproductive autonomy. This paper explores the ethical issues raised by UTx with a focus on the potential gap between women's desires and aspirations about pregnancy and the likely functional outcomes of successful UTx.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"27","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Bioethics"}}},"pageStart":"65","pageEnd":"73","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8519.2011.01897.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48636309"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1467-8519.2011.01897.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21726265"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q48636309"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/incidence-of-endometriosis-by-study-population-and-diagnostic-method-the-endo-st-reci8f6dgbefi0qyk/","name":"Incidence of endometriosis by study population and diagnostic method: the ENDO  study","headline":"Incidence of endometriosis by study population and diagnostic method: the ENDO  study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/incidence-of-endometriosis-by-study-population-and-diagnostic-method-the-endo-st-reci8f6dgbefi0qyk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Germaine M Buck Louis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1774-4490","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Buck Louis GM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Matthew Peterson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4644-602X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Croughan"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rajeshwari Sundaram","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6918-5002","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhian Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6423-105X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael W Varner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9455-3973","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ann C. Trumble","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Linda C Giudice","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1677-0822","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"ENDO Study Working Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Victor Y Fujimoto","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary L Hediger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2011-07-02","abstract":"Objective: To estimate the incidence of endometriosis in an operative cohort of women seeking clinical care and in a matched population cohort to delineate more fully the scope and magnitude of endometriosis in the context of and beyond clinical care.\nDesign: Matched-exposure cohort design.\nSetting: Surgical centers in the Salt Lake City, Utah, and San Francisco, California, areas. PATIENT(S): The operative cohort comprised 495 women undergoing laparoscopy/laparotomy between 2007 and 2009, and the population cohort comprised 131 women from the surgical centers' catchment areas. INTERVENTION(S): None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Incidence of endometriosis by diagnostic method in the operative cohort and by pelvic magnetic resonance imaged (MRI) disease in the population cohort. RESULT(S): Endometriosis incidence in the operative cohort ranged by two orders of magnitude by diagnostic method: 0.7% for only histology, 7% for only MRI, and 41% for visualized disease. Endometriosis staging was skewed toward minimal (58%) and mild disease (15%). The incidence of MRI-diagnosed endometriosis was 11% in the population cohort. CONCLUSION(S): Endometriosis incidence is dependent on the diagnostic method and choice of sampling framework. Conservatively, 11% of women have undiagnosed endometriosis at the population level, with implications for the design and interpretation of etiologic research.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"96","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"360","pageEnd":"365","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.05.087","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35126918"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.05.087"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21719000"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35126918"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/o11-myo-inositol-may-prevent-metabolic-and-hypertensive-disorders-in-pcos-pregna-recwvbiesuat3lejp/","name":"O11. Myo-inositol may prevent metabolic and hypertensive disorders in PCOS  pregnant women","headline":"O11. Myo-inositol may prevent metabolic and hypertensive disorders in PCOS  pregnant women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/o11-myo-inositol-may-prevent-metabolic-and-hypertensive-disorders-in-pcos-pregna-recwvbiesuat3lejp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Vincenzo Di Benedetto","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria Lieta Interdonato","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Francesco Corrado","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7461-5372","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonino DI Benedetto","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4093-5655","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rosario D'Anna","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4655-5071","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Messina, Italy.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Licata","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emanuela Raffone","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Rizzo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Messina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ctdxz19"}}],"datePublished":"2011-07-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3-4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Pregnancy Hypertension"}}},"pageStart":"262","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.preghy.2011.08.043","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50852603"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.preghy.2011.08.043"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"26009073"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50852603"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/universal-cervicallength-screening-and-vaginal-progesterone-prevents-early-prete-m5eqoaun/","name":"Universal cervical-length screening and vaginal progesterone prevents early preterm births, reduces neonatal morbidity and is cost saving: doing nothing is no longer an option","headline":"Universal cervical-length screening and vaginal progesterone prevents early preterm births, reduces neonatal morbidity and is cost saving: doing nothing is no longer an option","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/universal-cervicallength-screening-and-vaginal-progesterone-prevents-early-prete-m5eqoaun/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S Campbell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2185-9784","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Great Ormond Street Hospital"}}],"datePublished":"2011-07-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"38","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1","pageEnd":"9","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.9073","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/uog.9073"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21713990"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/child-with-beckwithwiedemann-syndrome-born-after-assisted-reproductive-technique-ev8bzhj1/","name":"Child with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome born after assisted reproductive techniques to an human immunodeficiency virus serodiscordant couple","headline":"Child with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome born after assisted reproductive techniques to an human immunodeficiency virus serodiscordant couple","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/child-with-beckwithwiedemann-syndrome-born-after-assisted-reproductive-technique-ev8bzhj1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kuentz P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bailly A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Faure AC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Blagosklonov O"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amiot C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bresson JL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roux C"}],"datePublished":"2011-07-01","abstract":"Objective: To report a child with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) born after assisted reproductive technology (ART) to an HIV serodiscordant couple.\n\nDesign: Case report.\n\nSetting: Academic medical center.Patient(s)A child with BWS born after ART to an HIV serodiscordant couple.Intervention(s)Assisted reproductive techniques.Main outcome measure(s)ART and HIV.Result(s)Since 2003, it has been suggested that there is an association between ART and BWS, which is a congenital overgrowth syndrome characterized by macrosomia, macroglossia, visceromegaly, umbilical and abdominal wall abnormalities, and an increased risk of developing embryonal tumors in childhood. It is a multigenic disorder resulting from genetic or epigenetic alterations of genes on chromosome 11p15. Methylation errors account for 50%-60% of sporadic cases and almost 100% of cases born after ART. We report the birth of a child diagnosed with BWS arising from an ART cycle to an HIV serodiscordant couple with no history of infertility. This case cannot constitute conclusive evidence but it raises various questions.Conclusion(s)Assisted reproductive technology seems to be in the causal pathway but a male/female factor or an iatrogenic factor is also possible.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"96","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"e35-e38","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.04.030","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45366748"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.04.030"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q45366748"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/bioidentical-hormone-therapy-l9pcdcxv/","name":"Bioidentical hormone therapy","headline":"Bioidentical hormone therapy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/bioidentical-hormone-therapy-l9pcdcxv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Files JA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ko MG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pruthi S"}],"datePublished":"2011-07-01","abstract":"The change in hormonal milieu associated with perimenopause and menopause can lead to a variety of symptoms that can affect a woman's quality of life. Postmenopausal hormone therapy (HT) is an effective, well-tolerated treatment for these symptoms. However, combined HT consisting of conjugated equine estrogen and medroxyprogesterone acetate has been associated with an increased number of health risks when compared with conjugated equine estrogen alone or placebo. As a result, some women are turning to alternative hormonal formulations known as compounded bioidentical HT because they perceive them to be a safer alternative. This article defines compounded bioidentical HT and explores the similarities and differences between it and US Food and Drug Administration-approved HT. We will examine the major claims made by proponents of compounded bioidentical HT and recommend strategies for management of patients who request bioidentical HT from physicians.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"86","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Mayo Clinic proceedings"}}},"pageStart":"673-80, quiz 680","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.4065/mcp.2010.0714","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27691410"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4065/mcp.2010.0714"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21531972"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q27691410"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/spine-hip-t-score-difference-predicts-major-osteoporotic-fracture-risk-independe-recmiuony3vcdmuhw/","name":"Spine-hip T-score difference predicts major osteoporotic fracture risk independent of FRAX(®): a population-based report from CAMOS","headline":"Spine-hip T-score difference predicts major osteoporotic fracture risk independent of FRAX(®): a population-based report from CAMOS","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/spine-hip-t-score-difference-predicts-major-osteoporotic-fracture-risk-independe-recmiuony3vcdmuhw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"William D Leslie","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1056-1691","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02gfys938"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher S Kovacs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5219-9993","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John’s, NL, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04haebc03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W P Olszynski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2834-8645","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Saskatchewan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tanveer Towheed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8738-9394","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Rheumatology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rtaxr13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S M Kaiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3222-3711","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert G Josse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-6264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nancy Kreiger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sophie A Jamal","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephanie M Kaiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7183-5754","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}}],"datePublished":"2011-07-01","abstract":"The WHO fracture risk assessment tool (FRAX(®)) estimates an individual's 10-yr major osteoporotic and hip fracture probabilities. When bone mineral density (BMD) is included in the FRAX calculation, only the femoral neck measurement can be used. Recently, a procedure was reported for adjusting major osteoporotic fracture probability from FRAX with femoral neck BMD based on the difference (offset) between the lumbar spine and the femoral neck T-score values. The objective of the current analysis was to independently evaluate this algorithm in a population-based cohort of 4575 women and 1813 men aged 50 yr and older from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study. For women and men combined, there was a 15% (95% confidence interval 7-24%) increase in major osteoporotic fracture risk for each offset T-score after adjusting for FRAX probability calculated with femoral neck BMD. The effect was stronger in women than men, but a significant sex interaction was not detected. Among the full cohort, 5.5% had their risk category reclassified after using the offset adjustment. Sexand age-dependent offsets (equivalent to an offset based on Z-scores) showed improved risk classification among individuals designated to be at moderate risk with the conventional FRAX probability measurement. In summary, the T-score difference between the lumbar spine and femoral neck is an independent risk factor for major osteoporotic fractures that is independent of the FRAX probability calculated with femoral neck BMD.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"J Clin Densitom"}}},"pageStart":"286","pageEnd":"293","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocd.2011.04.011","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37395892"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jocd.2011.04.011"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21723768"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37395892"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-fertile-window-and-biomarkers-a-review-and-analysis-of-normal-ovulation-cycl-recprhsbmn5oj4kjw/","name":"The Fertile Window and Biomarkers: A Review and Analysis of Normal Ovulation Cycles","headline":"The Fertile Window and Biomarkers: A Review and Analysis of Normal Ovulation Cycles","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-fertile-window-and-biomarkers-a-review-and-analysis-of-normal-ovulation-cycl-recprhsbmn5oj4kjw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Universidad de Navarra"},{"@type":"Person","name":"María Luisa Esparza-Encina","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Clinical Research Consulting","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dadc735"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"José María Murcia-Lora","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Clinica Universidad de Navarra","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03phm3r45"}}],"datePublished":"2011-06-01","abstract":"El objetivo de este artículo es revisar los principales conceptos en la literatura acerca de la ventana de la fertilidad en pacientes con ciclos menstruales normales. El énfasis principal del artículo se ha dirigido al análisis de la teoría de Brown de la ovulación, revisar conceptos básicos de la ovulación, secreción y metabolismo de la hormona folículo estimulante, y al estudio clínico, ecográfico y bioquímicos del desarrollo folicular de la ventana de la fertilidad. Este artículo también repasa los biomarcadores clínicos y los diferentes metabolitos endocrinos que delimitan en la fase fértil del ciclo. Se revisan diferentes estudios en los cuales las valoraciones en suero y orina de los esteroides sexuales, han corroborado tener una correlación directa para enmarcar el período fértil. Actualmente tienen relevancia estos conocimientos en diferentes grupos de interés, sobre todo en mujeres con un alto nivel de motivación interesadas en el reconocimiento de su fertilidad, las cuales pueden beneficiarse mediante la aplicación de conocimientos técnicos actuales que detectan la ventana fértil. También estos conocimientos suelen cobrar importancia en aquellas personas que pertenecen a programas de regulación de la fertilidad (PRF), con intención de distanciar un embarazo, o de reconocer el periodo fértil del ciclo para conseguir un embarazo espontáneamente, o mediante programas de NaProTecnología. Otros grupos de interés, son aquellos en los cuales no se tiene experiencia en cursos de PRF, pero desean mejorar sus conocimientos en el reconocimiento de la fertilidad por medio de una breve entrevista, o por medio de cursos de orientación familiar.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Persona y Bioética"}}},"pageStart":"149","pageEnd":"165","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.5294/pebi.2011.15.2.3","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.5294/pebi.2011.15.2.3"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-new-womens-health-science-of-naprotechnology-rec58oythwmpaw9nx/","name":"The new women's health science of NaProTECHNOLOGY","headline":"The new women's health science of NaProTECHNOLOGY","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-new-womens-health-science-of-naprotechnology-rec58oythwmpaw9nx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2011-06-01","abstract":"The paper presents the main concepts of NaProTECHNOLOGY. Such problems as family planning effectiveness, targeted hormonal assessment of the menstrual cycle, ovarian hormone and target organ dysfunction, disorders of human ovulation, cooperative progesterone replacement therapy, premenstrual syndrome, postpartum depression, unusual bleeding, infertility and antiadhesion therapy are discussed.","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteinized-unruptured-follicle-syndrome-increased-by-inactive-disease-and-select-recdyon2joihkpeih/","name":"Luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome increased by inactive disease and  selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitors in women with inflammatory arthropathies","headline":"Luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome increased by inactive disease and  selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitors in women with inflammatory arthropathies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteinized-unruptured-follicle-syndrome-increased-by-inactive-disease-and-select-recdyon2joihkpeih/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mihaela Micu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3239-5628","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Spitalul Clinic Județean de Urgență Cluj-Napoca","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05j4kzc41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Romeo Micu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3228-7881","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy","sameAs":"https://ror.org/051h0cw83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Monika Ostensen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3211-1974"}],"datePublished":"2011-05-28","abstract":"Objective: Administration of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may impair fertility. The occurrence of the luteinized unruptured follicle (LUF) syndrome was assessed in women with inflammatory arthropathies exposed to NSAIDs and compared to that in nonexposed women.\n\nMethods: Fourteen patients with inflammatory rheumatic disease, 29 women with noninflammatory musculoskeletal conditions, and 449 women not exposed to NSAIDs were studied by intravaginal ultrasound monitoring for follicular development and ovulation in 1 or more menstrual cycles. Disease activity was assessed in inflammatory rheumatic disease.\n\nResults: In 59 monitored cycles of patients with continuous NSAID exposure, 35.6% of LUF syndromes occurred compared to 3.4% of LUF syndromes in untreated women (P < 0.001). Etoricoxib was responsible for 75% of LUF syndromes in patients exposed continuously, whereas diclofenac generated 15% of LUF syndromes. An ibuprofen dosage of 1,600 mg/day did not induce LUF syndrome either at continuous periovulatory or discontinuous exposure. Interestingly, the frequency of LUF syndrome was 46.2% in patients with inactive inflammatory disease compared to 15% in patients with active disease (P = 0.023). Etoricoxib generated LUF syndrome in 94.2% of the cases with inactive disease versus 28.6% in patients with active disease (P = 0.003).\n\nConclusion: NSAIDs increased the risk of the LUF syndrome, particularly in patients with inactive disease. The selective cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) inhibitor etoricoxib was a more potent inductor of LUF syndrome than nonselective COX inhibitors. Continuous periovulatory exposure to NSAIDs should be avoided when planning a pregnancy in patients with rheumatic diseases.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"63","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Arthritis Care & Research"}}},"pageStart":"1334","pageEnd":"1338","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/acr.20510","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84207989"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/acr.20510"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21618455"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q84207989"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/stress-and-hormones-recm5abebodbqrlpa/","name":"Stress and hormones","headline":"Stress and hormones","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/stress-and-hormones-recm5abebodbqrlpa/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Salam Ranabir","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Regional Institute of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02t36bt26"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Reetu","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04y75dx46"}}],"datePublished":"2011-05-18","abstract":"In the modern environment one is exposed to various stressful conditions. Stress can lead to changes in the serum level of many hormones including glucocorticoids, catecholamines, growth hormone and prolactin. Some of these changes are necessary for the fight or flight response to protect oneself. Some of these stressful responses can lead to endocrine disorders like Graves' disease, gonadal dysfunction, psychosexual dwarfism and obesity. Stress can also alter the clinical status of many preexisting endocrine disorders such as precipitation of adrenal crisis and thyroid storm.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"18","pageEnd":"22","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.4103/2230-8210.77573","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24611729"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4103/2230-8210.77573"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21584161"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q24611729"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/role-of-genetic-and-environmental-factors-in-british-twins-with-inflammatory-bow-recvkphihs65nzdvp/","name":"Role of genetic and environmental factors in British twins with inflammatory  bowel disease","headline":"Role of genetic and environmental factors in British twins with inflammatory  bowel disease","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/role-of-genetic-and-environmental-factors-in-british-twins-with-inflammatory-bow-recvkphihs65nzdvp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Siew C Ng","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6850-4454","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chelsea and Westminster Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/038zxea36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nisha Patel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9197-5150","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ninewells Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/039c6rk82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marcus Harbord","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Imperial College London","sameAs":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Javaid Subhani","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Basildon Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02de7mm40"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susannah Woodrow","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chelsea and Westminster Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/038zxea36"}}],"datePublished":"2011-05-11","abstract":"Background: Twin studies provide insight into the complex interaction between genetic and environmental factors in the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We assessed associations between childhood environmental factors and development of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) in twins.\n\nMethods: Questionnaires on clinical demographics and exposure to environmental factors were sent to twins with IBD, their healthy co-twins, and their doctors. Kappa statistics were used to examine agreement between twin pairs and odds ratios were calculated by conditional logistic regression.\n\nResults: In all, 250 IBD twin pairs (122 CD; 125 UC; 3 CD/UC; 28 concordant pairs) were analyzed. Concordant monozygotic twins with CD showed good agreement for disease location (κ 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.45-1.00), disease behavior (κ 1.00; 95% CI: 0.43-1.00), and moderate agreement for age at diagnosis and need for medical and surgical therapy. Concordant monozygotic twins with UC showed good agreement for disease extent (κ 0.60; CI 0.13-1.00) and use of thiopurines (κ 0.73; CI 0.10-1.00). In discordant twins, symptomatic childhood mumps infection (odds ratio [OR], 3.8; 95% CI, 1.2-11.3) and oral contraceptives (OR, 4.0; 1.1-14.2) were associated with CD. Smoking was associated with CD (OR, 4.3; 95% CI, 1.9-9.8) but inversely associated with UC (OR, 0.3; 95% CI, 0.1-0.9). Both CD and UC twins had suffered more \"gastroenteritis\" and spent more time with animals than their co-twins.\n\nConclusions: Disease phenotype in CD and disease extent in UC appeared to be genetically influenced. Smoking is a risk factor for CD but is protective for UC. Early exposure to \"infections\" during childhood may be associated with the development of IBD.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Inflammatory Bowel Diseases"}}},"pageStart":"725","pageEnd":"736","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/ibd.21747","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44199053"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/ibd.21747"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21557397"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44199053"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/current-practice-in-tubal-surgery-and-adhesion-management-a-review-reczo5lbauygnvwqo/","name":"Current practice in tubal surgery and adhesion management: a review","headline":"Current practice in tubal surgery and adhesion management: a review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/current-practice-in-tubal-surgery-and-adhesion-management-a-review-reczo5lbauygnvwqo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A Watrelot","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6043-4674","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre de Recherche en Linguistique Appliquée","sameAs":"https://ror.org/048z48z46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Chauvin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre de Recherche en Linguistique Appliquée","sameAs":"https://ror.org/048z48z46"}}],"datePublished":"2011-05-10","abstract":"The diminished role of tubal surgery in infertile women following widespread access to IVF is now being reviewed as more patients and surgeons today consider tubal surgery as an effective alternative to assisted reproduction treatment in certain circumstances. The limitations of and lack of patient acceptance of assisted reproduction treatment for ethical and moral reasons have contributed to this change as well as advances in surgical techniques and instrument technology, notably developments in endoscopic surgery. Strategies in tubal surgery are largely unchanged but the mini-invasive nature of the endoscopic approach has added value because of less tissue trauma, better visualization of the operative field and more rapid healing, which make surgery using today's techniques an integral part of the treatment strategy in infertile couples.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"23","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproductive Biomedicine Online"}}},"pageStart":"53","pageEnd":"62","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbmo.2011.03.018","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37873187"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.rbmo.2011.03.018"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21550854"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37873187"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menarche-delay-and-menstrual-irregularities-persist-in-adolescents-with-type-1-d-wy183bwm/","name":"Menarche delay and menstrual irregularities persist in adolescents with type 1 diabetes","headline":"Menarche delay and menstrual irregularities persist in adolescents with type 1 diabetes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menarche-delay-and-menstrual-irregularities-persist-in-adolescents-with-type-1-d-wy183bwm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Schweiger BM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Snell-Bergeon JK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roman R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"McFann K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Klingensmith GJ"}],"datePublished":"2011-05-06","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Menarche delay has been reported in adolescent females with type 1 diabetes (T1DM), perhaps due to poor glycemic control. We sought to compare age at menarche between adolescent females with T1DM and national data, and to identify factors associated with delayed menarche and menstrual irregularity in T1DM.\n\nMETHODS: This was a cross-sectional study and females ages 12- 24 years (n = 228) with at least one menstrual period were recruited during their outpatient diabetes clinic appointment. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001-2006 data (n = 3690) for females 12-24 years were used as a control group.\n\nRESULTS: Age at menarche was later in adolescent females with T1DM diagnosed prior to menarche (12.81 +/- 0.09 years) (mean+/- SE) (n = 185) than for adolescent females diagnosed after menarche (12.17 0.19 years, p = 0.0015) (n = 43). Average age of menarche in NHANES was 12.27 +/- 0.038 years, which was significantly earlier than adolescent females with T1DM prior to menarche (p < 0.0001) and similar to adolescent females diagnosed after menarche (p = 0.77). Older age at menarche was negatively correlated with BMI z-score (r = -0.23 p = 0.0029) but not hemoglobin A1c (A1c) at menarche (r = 0.01, p = 0.91). Among 181 adolescent females who were at least 2 years post menarche, 63 (35%) reported usually or always irregular cycles.\n\nCONCLUSION: Adolescent females with T1DM had a later onset of menarche than both adolescent females who developed T1DM after menarche and NHANES data. Menarche age was negatively associated with BMI z-score, but not A1c. Despite improved treatment in recent decades, menarche delay and high prevalence of menstrual irregularity is still observed among adolescent females with T1DM.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E"}},"pageStart":"61","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7827-9-61","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34999855"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/1477-7827-9-61"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21548955"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34999855"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-awareness-based-methods-for-family-planning-and-as-an-alternative-to-h-rec5syjhk9u4wi2rx/","name":"Fertility Awareness-Based Methods for Family Planning and as an Alternative to Hormonal Contraceptives for Therapeutic Reasons","headline":"Fertility Awareness-Based Methods for Family Planning and as an Alternative to Hormonal Contraceptives for Therapeutic Reasons","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-awareness-based-methods-for-family-planning-and-as-an-alternative-to-h-rec5syjhk9u4wi2rx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ronald Ferris","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8584-0273","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wesley Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ftebr67"}}],"datePublished":"2011-05-01","abstract":"In current medical practice, many women are prescribed hormonal contraceptives as a method of family planning. Over the years, medical professionals have prescribed hormonal contraceptives to manage numerous health conditions in addition to family planning purposes. A particular question arises in regard to women taking hormonal contraceptives for therapeutic reasons if the drug has a contraceptive effect and abortifacient properties. An important consideration is a definite lack of knowledge among medical professionals and patients about alternatives to hormonal contraceptives. To most lay people and medical professionals, fertility awareness-based methods equate to the outdated calendar rhythm method and therefore tend to be regarded as mostly a matter of chance so that they would have no benefit in helping manage gynecological conditions. In this paper, one will be able to see that modern fertility awareness-based methods are effective as a method of family planning and that there are medical applications that offer an excellent alternative in the treatment of various gynecological conditions, including infertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"78","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"172","pageEnd":"186","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1179/002436311803888401","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57948040"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1179/002436311803888401"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"30082939"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q57948040"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endocrine-modulation-of-the-adolescent-brain-a-review-reckrbj8tqgwzexa8/","name":"Endocrine modulation of the adolescent brain: a review","headline":"Endocrine modulation of the adolescent brain: a review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endocrine-modulation-of-the-adolescent-brain-a-review-reckrbj8tqgwzexa8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Manuel E Cortés","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0845-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x0xhn70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hanna Klaus","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical College of Wisconsin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00qqv6244"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carmen T Molina","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Renán F Orellana","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Barbara E Switzer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Florida State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05g3dte14"}}],"datePublished":"2011-04-26","abstract":"Neurophysiological and behavioral development is particularly complex in adolescence. Youngsters experience strong emotions and impulsivity, reduced self-control, and preference for actions which offer immediate rewards, among other behavioral patterns. Given the growing interest in endocrine effects on adolescent central nervous system development and their implications on later stages of life, this article reviews the effects of gonadal steroid hormones on the adolescent brain. These effects are classified as organizational, the capacity of steroids to determine nervous system structure during development, and activational, the ability of steroids to modify nervous activity to promote certain behaviors. During transition from puberty to adolescence, steroid hormones trigger various organizational phenomena related to structural brain circuit remodelling, determining adult behavioral response to steroids or sensory stimuli. These changes account for most male-female sexual dimorphism. In this stage sex steroids are involved in the main functional mechanisms responsible for organizational changes, namely myelination, neural pruning, apoptosis, and dendritic spine remodelling, activated only during embryonic development and during the transition from puberty to adolescence. This stage becomes a critical organizational window when the appropriately and timely exerted functions of steroid hormones and their interaction with some neurotransmitters on adolescent brain development are fundamental. Thus, understanding the phenomena linking steroid hormones and adolescent brain organization is crucial in the study of teenage behavior and in later assessment and treatment of anxiety, mood disorders, and depression. Adolescent behavior clearly evidences a stage of brain development influenced for the most part by steroid hormones.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"330","pageEnd":"337","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpag.2011.01.061","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37868152"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jpag.2011.01.061"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21514192"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37868152"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-of-non-fatal-venous-thromboembolism-in-women-using-oral-contraceptives-cont-rec9n35hd21ffjkc1/","name":"Risk of non-fatal venous thromboembolism in women using oral contraceptives  containing drospirenone compared with women using oral contraceptives containing  levonorgestrel: case-control study using United States claims data","headline":"Risk of non-fatal venous thromboembolism in women using oral contraceptives  containing drospirenone compared with women using oral contraceptives containing  levonorgestrel: case-control study using United States claims data","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-of-non-fatal-venous-thromboembolism-in-women-using-oral-contraceptives-cont-rec9n35hd21ffjkc1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan S Jick","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2215-1067","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0228drn10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rohini K Hernandez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4353-7292","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0228drn10"}}],"datePublished":"2011-04-23","abstract":"Objective: To compare the risk of non-fatal venous thromboembolism in women receiving oral contraceptives containing drospirenone with that in women receiving oral contraceptives containing levonorgestrel.\nDesign: Nested case-control and cohort study.\nSetting: The study was based on information from PharMetrics, a United States based company that collects information on claims paid by managed care plans.\n\nParticipants: The study encompassed all women aged 15 to 44 years who received an oral contraceptive containing either drospirenone or levonorgestrel after 1 January 2002. Cases were women with current use of a study oral contraceptive and a diagnosis of venous thromboembolism in the absence of identifiable clinical risk factors (idiopathic venous thromboembolism). Up to four controls were matched to each case by age and calendar time.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Odds ratios comparing the risk of non-fatal venous thromboembolism in users of the two contraceptives; incidence rates and rate ratios of non-fatal venous thromboembolism for users of each of the study contraceptives.\n\nResults: 186 newly diagnosed, idiopathic cases of venous thromboembolism were identified in the study population and matched with 681 controls. In the case-control analysis, the conditional odds ratio for venous thromboembolism comparing use of oral contraceptives containing drospirenone with use of those containing levonorgestrel was 2.3 (95% confidence interval 1.6 to 3.2). The incidence rates for venous thromboembolism in the study population were 30.8 (95% confidence interval 25.6 to 36.8) per 100,000 woman years among users of oral contraceptives containing drospirenone and 12.5 (9.61 to 15.9) per 100,000 woman years among users of oral contraceptives containing levonorgestrel. The age adjusted incidence rate ratio for venous thromboembolism for current use of oral contraceptives containing drospirenone compared with those containing levonorgestrel was 2.8 (2.1 to 3.8).\n\nConclusions: The risk of non-fatal venous thromboembolism among users of oral contraceptives containing drospirenone seems to be around twice that of users of oral contraceptives containing levonorgestrel, after the effects of potential confounders and prescribing biases have been taken into account.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"342","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"apr21 2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.)"}}},"pageStart":"d2151","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.d2151","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33879375"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj.d2151"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21511805"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33879375"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-of-venous-thromboembolism-in-users-of-oral-contraceptives-containing-drospi-recaayfkvjf5piaks/","name":"Risk of venous thromboembolism in users of oral contraceptives containing  drospirenone or levonorgestrel: nested case-control study based on UK General  Practice Research Database","headline":"Risk of venous thromboembolism in users of oral contraceptives containing  drospirenone or levonorgestrel: nested case-control study based on UK General  Practice Research Database","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-of-venous-thromboembolism-in-users-of-oral-contraceptives-containing-drospi-recaayfkvjf5piaks/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lianne Parkin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6824-6176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Otago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01jmxt844"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Katrina Sharples","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3821-789X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Otago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01jmxt844"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rohini K Hernandez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4353-7292","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0228drn10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan S Jick","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2215-1067","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0228drn10"}}],"datePublished":"2011-04-23","abstract":"Objective: To examine the risk of non-fatal idiopathic venous thromboembolism in current users of a combined oral contraceptive containing drospirenone, relative to current users of preparations containing levonorgestrel.\nDesign: Nested case-control study.\nSetting: UK General Practice Research Database.\n\nParticipants: Women aged 15-44 years without major risk factors for venous thromboembolism who started a new episode of use of an oral contraceptive containing 30 µg oestrogen in combination with either drospirenone or levonorgestrel between May 2002 and September 2009. Cases were women with a first diagnosis of venous thromboembolism; up to four controls, matched by age, duration of recorded information, and general practice, were randomly selected for each case.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals estimated with conditional logistic regression; age adjusted incidence rate ratio estimated with Poisson regression.\n\nResults: 61 cases of idiopathic venous thromboembolism and 215 matched controls were identified. In the case-control analysis, current use of the drospirenone contraceptive was associated with a threefold higher risk of non-fatal idiopathic venous thromboembolism compared with levonorgestrel use; the odds ratio adjusted for body mass index was 3.3 (95% confidence interval 1.4 to 7.6). Subanalyses suggested that referral, diagnostic, first time user, duration of use, and switching biases were unlikely explanations for this finding. The crude incidence rate was 23.0 (95% confidence interval 13.4 to 36.9) per 100,000 woman years in current users of drospirenone and 9.1 (6.6 to 12.2) per 100,000 woman years in current users of levonorgestrel oral contraceptives. The age adjusted incidence rate ratio was 2.7 (1.5 to 4.7).\n\nConclusions: These findings contribute to emerging evidence that the combined oral contraceptive containing drospirenone carries a higher risk of venous thromboembolism than do formulations containing levonorgestrel.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"342","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"apr21 2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.)"}}},"pageStart":"d2139","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.d2139","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34836664"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj.d2139"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21511804"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34836664"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-the-oral-contraceptive-pill-is-associated-with-increased-large-artery-sti-recpk1q0jneogx7ye/","name":"Use of the oral contraceptive pill is associated with increased large artery  stiffness in young women: the ENIGMA study","headline":"Use of the oral contraceptive pill is associated with increased large artery  stiffness in young women: the ENIGMA study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-the-oral-contraceptive-pill-is-associated-with-increased-large-artery-sti-recpk1q0jneogx7ye/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Stacey S Hickson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6573-7234","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Cambridge","sameAs":"https://ror.org/013meh722"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K. Miles","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Cambridge","sameAs":"https://ror.org/013meh722"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Barry J McDonnell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5912-1278","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cardiff University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03kk7td41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yasmin Yasmin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5478-7123","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Cambridge","sameAs":"https://ror.org/013meh722"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ian B Wilkinson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6598-9399","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Addenbrooke's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/055vbxf86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carmel M McEniery","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3636-0705","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Cambridge","sameAs":"https://ror.org/013meh722"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"ENIGMA Study Investigators"},{"@type":"Person","name":"John R Cockcroft","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cardiff University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03kk7td41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yasmin"}],"datePublished":"2011-04-21","abstract":"Background: The oral contraceptive pill (OCP) is widely prescribed throughout the world. Although it is associated with a small but significant increase in blood pressure, the influence of the OCP on large artery stiffness and wave reflection is unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between use of the OCP and aortic stiffness and wave reflections in a young, healthy cohort of women.\n\nMethods: Participants were drawn from the ENIGMA study, which examines the natural history of blood pressure in young adults. A detailed medical history and lifestyle questionnaire, including OCP details were taken. Blood pressure was measured according to the British Hypertension Society guidelines. Aortic pulse wave velocity (aPWV) was measured together with augmentation index (AIx). Stroke volume (SV) and cardiac output (CO) were also assessed.\n\nResults: Women taking the OCP (n = 225) had a higher SBP and pulse pressure compared with nonusers (n = 660; 112 ± 12 vs. 110 ± 11 and 43 ± 8 vs. 42 ± 8 mmHg, respectively, P < 0.05 for both). CO and SV were also higher (6.6 ± 1.5 vs. 6.3 ± 1.5 l/min, P < 0.01 and 81 ± 16 vs. 78 ± 19 ml, P < 0.05) as was aPWV (5.5 ± 0.7 vs. 5.4 ± 0.7 m/s, P < 0.05). However, there was no difference in DBP (68 ± 9 vs. 69 ± 9 mmHg), mean arterial pressure (81 ± 10 vs. 81 ± 10 mmHg) or AIx (2 ± 12 vs. 3 ± 13%) between the groups.\n\nConclusion: Use of the OCP is associated with elevated pulse pressure and SV and a small increase in aPWV in young women. The longer term implications of these effects require further investigation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"29","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Hypertension"}}},"pageStart":"1155","pageEnd":"1159","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0b013e328346a5af","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83906168"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/HJH.0b013e328346a5af"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21505350"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q83906168"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pilot-evaluation-of-an-internet-based-natural-family-planning-education-and-serv-recjzym6dqvo6p0jl/","name":"Pilot evaluation of an internet-based natural family planning education and  service program","headline":"Pilot evaluation of an internet-based natural family planning education and  service program","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pilot-evaluation-of-an-internet-based-natural-family-planning-education-and-serv-recjzym6dqvo6p0jl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Schneider","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8090-4971","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathleen Mary Raviele","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2062-8041","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dekalb Medical Tucker, Georgia, USA"}}],"datePublished":"2011-04-15","abstract":"Objective: To evaluate the efficacy, knowledge of fertility, and acceptability of a web-based natural family planning (NFP) education and service program.\nDesign: A 6-month repeated measure longitudinal evaluation pilot study.\nSetting: A university based online website.\n\nParticipants: The website was piloted with 468 volunteer women seeking NFP services. Of these participants, 222 used the automatic online fertility charting system to avoid pregnancy. The 222 charting participants had a mean age of 29.9 years (SD=5.6), 2.2 children (SD=1.9), 37% were postpartum, and 47% had regular menstrual cycle lengths.\n\nIntervention: Nurse-managed web-based NFP education and service program.\n\nOutcomes: Pregnancies were confirmed by an online self-assessed pregnancy evaluation form. A 10-item fertility quiz and 10-item acceptability survey was administered online.\n\nResults: Among the 222 users avoiding pregnancy, at 6 months of use, there were two correct-use unintended pregnancies that provided a pregnancy rate of 2% and seven total unintended pregnancies providing a typical use pregnancy rate of 7%. Mean knowledge of fertility increased significantly from time of registration (8.96, SD=1.10) to 1 month of use (9.46, SD=.10), t=4.60, p<.001). Acceptability increased nonsignificantly from 1 month of use (45.6; SD=8.98) to 6 months of use (48.4; SD=8.77).\n\nConclusion: The nurse-managed online NFP system seems to provide adequate knowledge of fertility and help participants meet pregnancy intentions. Acceptability of such a system of NFP is still in question.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"40","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Neonatal Nursing : JOGNN"}}},"pageStart":"281","pageEnd":"291","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.2011.01237.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46873343"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1552-6909.2011.01237.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21488954"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46873343"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/interstitial-cystitis-is-associated-with-vulvodynia-and-sexual-dysfunction--a-ca-recyv2xxs2ndk24sj/","name":"Interstitial cystitis is associated with vulvodynia and sexual dysfunction--a  case-control study","headline":"Interstitial cystitis is associated with vulvodynia and sexual dysfunction--a  case-control study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/interstitial-cystitis-is-associated-with-vulvodynia-and-sexual-dysfunction--a-ca-recyv2xxs2ndk24sj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Barbara Gardella","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0812-8995","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pavia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00s6t1f81"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Daniele Porru","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8502-6669","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04tfzc498"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rossella E Nappi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1713-6396","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute for Clinical and Scientific Research (IRCCS) S. Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. renappi@tin.it","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04tfzc498"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria Diletta Daccò"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arsenio Spinillo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7755-1084","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pavia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00s6t1f81"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alessia Chiesa","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pavia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00s6t1f81"}}],"datePublished":"2011-04-12","abstract":"Introduction: Dyspareunia and sexual dysfunction are common in women with urological disorders. The study of comorbidity between interstitial cystitis (IC) and vulvodynia seems to be relevant to understand the mechanism generating pain in these conditions.\n\nAim: To conduct a case-control study for evaluating vulvodynia and sexual dysfunction in women with IC.\n\nMethods: Forty-seven women with new diagnosis (National Institutes of Health [NIH]/National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [NIDDK] Criteria) of IC were compared with 188 age-matched, negative controls. Each woman completed a semi-structured interview and the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI). A gynecological examination to assess vulvodynia (cotton swab testing) and genital health (vulvoscopy, Pap smear, culture, and vaginal health index score [VHIS]) was performed.\n\nMain Outcome Measures: Prevalence of vulvodynia, sexual function, and sociodemographic/gynecological variables significantly associated with IC.\n\nResults: Spontaneous or provoked vulvodynia was reported by 23.4% and 74.5% of IC cases, respectively. Sexual function was significantly impaired (median total FSFI score: IC cases 16.85 ± 8.73 vs. controls 27.34 ± 6.41; P<0.0001) in sexually active women, and 23.4% of IC cases as compared to 9% of controls reported no sexual activity in the year preceding the study (χ(2) for trend=38.2, P<0.0001). VHIS was highly impaired in women with IC in comparison with controls (P<0.0001). Variables significantly associated with IC were a diagnosis of menopause (odds ratio [OR]=31.2, 95% confidence interval [CI]=8.1-120.5), past (OR=4.6, 95% CI=1.74-12.1) or current (OR=6.9, 95% CI=2.1-22.1) oral contraceptive use, and a histologically confirmed diagnosis of endometriosis (OR=3.7, 95% CI=1.1-12.7).\n\nConclusion: We found an increased prevalence of vulvodynia among women with recently diagnosed IC; both conditions seem to have profound consequences on women's sexual function. A potential role for sex hormone-dependent mechanisms into the comorbidity of vulvar and bladder pain is proposed, but further research is warranted.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Sexual Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"1726","pageEnd":"1734","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1743-6109.2011.02251.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51041306"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1743-6109.2011.02251.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21477020"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q51041306"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-hormonal-contraceptives-on-mental-rotation-and-verbal-fluency-rechjbhhms9pihq31/","name":"Effects of hormonal contraceptives on mental rotation and verbal fluency","headline":"Effects of hormonal contraceptives on mental rotation and verbal fluency","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-hormonal-contraceptives-on-mental-rotation-and-verbal-fluency-rechjbhhms9pihq31/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ramune Griksiene","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2413-2174","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vilnius University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03nadee84"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Osvaldas Ruksenas","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4177-9351","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vilnius University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03nadee84"}}],"datePublished":"2011-04-02","abstract":"Cognitive abilities, such as verbal fluency and mental rotation, are most sensitive to changes in sex steroids but poorly studied in the context of hormonal contraceptive usage. Therefore, we investigated the performance of mental rotation and verbal fluency in young (21.5±1.8 years) healthy oral contraceptive (OC) users (23 women) and non-users (20 women) during the follicular, ovulatory and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle. Salivary 17β-estradiol, progesterone and testosterone levels were assayed to evaluate hormonal differences between groups and the phases of the menstrual cycle. To assess the effects of progestins having androgenic/anti-androgenic properties, OC users were subdivided into the third and new generation OC users. In addition, positive and negative affects as factors possibly affecting cognitive performance were evaluated. Salivary 17β-estradiol and progesterone levels were significantly lower in hormonal contraception users. Level of salivary testosterone was slightly lower in the OC users group with significant difference only during ovulatory phase. Naturally cycling women performed better on verbal fluency task as compared to OC users. Subjects who used the third generation (androgenic) OCs generated significantly fewer words as compared to new generation (anti-androgenic) OC users and non-users. The third generation OC users demonstrated significantly longer RT in MRT task as compared to non-users. The MRT, verbal fluency and mood parameters did not depend on the phase of menstrual cycle. The parameters of the PANAS (Positive and Negative Affect Schedule) scales did not differ between OC users and non-users. Our findings show that hormonal contraception has an impact on verbal and spatial abilities. Different performances between users of oral contraceptives with androgenic and anti-androgenic properties suggest an essential role for the progestins contained in OCs on cognitive performance.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"36","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"1239","pageEnd":"1248","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2011.03.001","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50635629"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.psyneuen.2011.03.001"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21454017"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50635629"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/figo-classification-system-palmcoein-for-causes-of-abnormal-uterine-bleeding-in--3vpaddea/","name":"FIGO classification system (PALM-COEIN) for causes of abnormal uterine bleeding in nongravid women of reproductive age","headline":"FIGO classification system (PALM-COEIN) for causes of abnormal uterine bleeding in nongravid women of reproductive age","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/figo-classification-system-palmcoein-for-causes-of-abnormal-uterine-bleeding-in--3vpaddea/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Malcolm G Munro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2998-6961","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaiser Permanente West Los Angeles Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/031caxb92"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hilary Critchley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1913-4044","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Edinburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Broder MS","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2049-5536"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ian S Fraser","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Hospital for Women","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021cxfs56"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"FIGO Working Group on Menstrual Disorders"}],"datePublished":"2011-04-01","abstract":"There is general inconsistency in the nomenclature used to describe abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB), in addition to a plethora of potential causes-several of which may coexist in a given individual. It seems clear that the development of consistent and universally accepted nomenclature is a step toward rectifying this unsatisfactory circumstance. Another requirement is the development of a classification system, on several levels, for the causes of AUB, which can be used by clinicians, investigators, and even patients to facilitate communication, clinical care, and research. This manuscript describes an ongoing process designed to achieve these goals, and presents for consideration the PALM-COEIN (polyp; adenomyosis; leiomyoma; malignancy and hyperplasia; coagulopathy; ovulatory dysfunction; endometrial; iatrogenic; and not yet classified) classification system for AUB, which has been approved by the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) Executive Board as a FIGO classification system.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"113","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics"}}},"pageStart":"3","pageEnd":"13","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgo.2010.11.011","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34166420"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ijgo.2010.11.011"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21345435"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34166420"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/honey-its-medicinal-property-and-antibacterial-activity-recw3vj2ehbxzhku1/","name":"Honey: its medicinal property and antibacterial activity","headline":"Honey: its medicinal property and antibacterial activity","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/honey-its-medicinal-property-and-antibacterial-activity-recw3vj2ehbxzhku1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Manisha Mandal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9562-5534","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"KPC Medical College and Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01d00rw04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shyamapada Mandal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4794-6859"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Manisha Deb Mandal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0367-2294","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Physiology and Biophysics, KPC Medical College and Hospital, 1F Raja S C Mallick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700 032, India."}}],"datePublished":"2011-04-01","abstract":"Indeed, medicinal importance of honey has been documented in the world's oldest medical literatures, and since the ancient times, it has been known to possess antimicrobial property as well as wound-healing activity. The healing property of honey is due to the fact that it offers antibacterial activity, maintains a moist wound condition, and its high viscosity helps to provide a protective barrier to prevent infection. Its immunomodulatory property is relevant to wound repair too. The antimicrobial activity in most honeys is due to the enzymatic production of hydrogen peroxide. However, another kind of honey, called non-peroxide honey (viz., manuka honey), displays significant antibacterial effects even when the hydrogen peroxide activity is blocked. Its mechanism may be related to the low pH level of honey and its high sugar content (high osmolarity) that is enough to hinder the growth of microbes. The medical grade honeys have potent in vitro bactericidal activity against antibiotic-resistant bacteria causing several life-threatening infections to humans. But, there is a large variation in the antimicrobial activity of some natural honeys, which is due to spatial and temporal variation in sources of nectar. Thus, identification and characterization of the active principle(s) may provide valuable information on the quality and possible therapeutic potential of honeys (against several health disorders of humans), and hence we discussed the medicinal property of honeys with emphasis on their antibacterial activities.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine"}}},"pageStart":"154","pageEnd":"160","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/S2221-1691(11)60016-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34338112"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/S2221-1691(11)60016-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23569748"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34338112"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/complete-laparoscopic-excision-of-endometriosis-in-teenagers-is-postoperative-ho-recxfcsmpuo5jwlej/","name":"Complete laparoscopic excision of endometriosis in teenagers: is postoperative hormonal suppression necessary?","headline":"Complete laparoscopic excision of endometriosis in teenagers: is postoperative hormonal suppression necessary?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/complete-laparoscopic-excision-of-endometriosis-in-teenagers-is-postoperative-ho-recxfcsmpuo5jwlej/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wendy K. Winer"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert Albee"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Albee RB Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ken Sinervo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Endometriosis Care, Atlanta, GA."}}],"datePublished":"2011-03-23","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine long-term outcomes after complete laparoscopic excision done at a tertiary referral center in a teenager population, who were not specifically advised to take postoperative hormonal suppression.\n\nDESIGN: Prospective observational case series (Canadian Task Force II-3).\n\nSETTING: A tertiary referral center that specializes in the laparoscopic treatment of endometriosis.\n\nPATIENT(S): Teenagers with symptoms suspicious for endometriosis who consented and were prospectively recruited to participate in the study.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): All patients underwent diagnostic laparoscopy and complete excision of all areas of abnormal peritoneum with typical and atypical endometriosis. Patients were not specifically advised to take postoperative hormonal suppression.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Rate of recurrent (or persistent) endometriosis.\n\nRESULT(S): Twenty teenagers underwent complete laparoscopic excision of all areas of abnormal peritoneum with typical and atypical endometriosis. Seventeen patients had endometriosis confirmed by histology at initial surgery. Follow-up was up to 66 months (average 23.1 months). There was a statistically significant improvement in most pain symptoms, including bowel-related symptoms, during this time period. The rate of repeat surgery was 8 of 17 patients (47.1%), but the rate of endometriosis (diagnosed visually or histologically) found at surgery was zero. Only one-third of patients took postoperative hormonal suppression for any length of time.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Complete laparoscopic excision of endometriosis in teenagers--including areas of typical and atypical endometriosis--has the potential to eradicate disease. These results do not depend on postoperative hormonal suppression. These data have important implications in the overall care of teenagers, regarding pain management, but also potentially for fertility. Further large comparative trials are needed to verify these results.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"95","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1909-1912.e1","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.02.037","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46461610"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.02.037"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21420081"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46461610"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/multifactorial-approach-to-infertility-using-naprotechnology-natural-procreative-rec81uzej0crjsoal/","name":"NaProTechnology (Natural Procreative Technology) - A Multifactorial Approach to the Chronic Problem of Infertility","headline":"NaProTechnology (Natural Procreative Technology) - A Multifactorial Approach to the Chronic Problem of Infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/multifactorial-approach-to-infertility-using-naprotechnology-natural-procreative-rec81uzej0crjsoal/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Phil C Boyle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2555-6294","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NeoFertility Clinic, Suite 7, 1st Floor, Beacon Mall, Sandyford, Dublin 18, Ireland. Phil.Boyle@NeoFertility.ie."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2011-03-17","abstract":"Description: Infertility is usually a consequence of multiple chronic conditions rather than a single acute condition. We propose that it is erroneous to apply acute medical interventions to a condition that is chronic in nature.\nMethod: Retrospective analysis of 3 case studies which demonstrate the multifactorial and chronic nature of infertility that were previously managed unsuccessfully with acute intervention using IVF (in Vitro Fertilisation) or ART (Assisted Reproductive Technology).\nResults: Demonstration of the multifactorial approach and 3 successful singleton live births using NPT (Natural Procreative Technology or NaProTechnology).\n\nConclusion: Infertility can be treated successfully with a multifactorial approach which takes into account the chronic nature of infertility and targets treatment to manage multiple factors responsible for the condition.\n\nDiscussion: Infertility is not a diagnosis but is often the expression of several underlying ill health conditions which if diagnosed and treated correctly will result in restoration of normal reproductive function. Physicians ought to consider broader diagnostic possibilities in their evaluation of infertile couples. A multifactorial treatment strategy for the chronic condition of infertility may be more effective than the widespread acute strategy employed by ART. Further study is required to investigate this possibility in more detail. Future studies looking at NPT and ART outcomes must be cohort studies comparing populations with similar patient characteristics.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Biomedicina (Sveikatos Mokslai/Health Sciences)"}},"pageStart":"61","pageEnd":"68","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.5200/56","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.5200/56"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-association-between-oral-contraceptive-use-bone-mineral-density-and-fractures-in-women-aged-50-80-years-recnltqxgcf1b2jhg/","name":"The association between oral contraceptive use, bone mineral density and fractures in women aged 50-80 years","headline":"The association between oral contraceptive use, bone mineral density and fractures in women aged 50-80 years","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-association-between-oral-contraceptive-use-bone-mineral-density-and-fractures-in-women-aged-50-80-years-recnltqxgcf1b2jhg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Shuying Wei","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0332-1777","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tasmania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01nfmeh72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alison Venn","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7090-1398","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tasmania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01nfmeh72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Changhai Ding","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1557-4667","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tasmania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01nfmeh72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laura Laslett","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4336-0095"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Graeme Jones","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9814-0006","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tasmania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01nfmeh72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stella Foley","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tasmania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01nfmeh72"}}],"datePublished":"2011-03-15","abstract":"Background: The associations between oral contraceptive (OC) use, bone mineral density (BMD) and the risk of fractures remain controversial.\n\nStudy Design: A cross-sectional study of 491 women aged 50-80 years was performed. We assessed OC use and fractures by questionnaire, and BMD and vertebral deformity by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry.\n\nResults: Ever use of OC was associated with significantly higher BMD at the total body (6%, p<.001) and spine (4%; p=.05) (but not hip) after adjustment for confounders. There was also a significant association between duration of OC use and total body and spine BMD. Use of OCs for 5-10 years was associated with reduced vertebral deformity (adjusted odds ratio 0.46, 95% confidence interval 0.22-0.94).\n\nConclusions: Oral contraceptive use and duration were associated with higher total body and spine BMD and a consistent reduction in vertebral deformities, although most associations did not reach significance.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"84","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"357","pageEnd":"362","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2011.02.001","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57243633"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.contraception.2011.02.001"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21920189"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q57243633"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vitamin-d-supplement-doses-and-serum-25-hydroxyvitamin-d-in-the-range-associated-rec5opiwlvimkldw5/","name":"Vitamin D supplement doses and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the range associated with cancer prevention","headline":"Vitamin D supplement doses and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the range associated with cancer prevention","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vitamin-d-supplement-doses-and-serum-25-hydroxyvitamin-d-in-the-range-associated-rec5opiwlvimkldw5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Leo Baggerly","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stacie Nguyen, Leo Baggerly, and Christine French are with GrassrootsHealth, Encinitas, CA. Robert P. Heaney is with Creighton University, Osteoporosis Research Center, Omaha, NE. Edward D. Gorham ..."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine French","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2430-3335","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"GrassrootsHealth","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00d68nb44"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cedric F Garland","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"GrassrootsHealth","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00d68nb44"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert P Heaney","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"GrassrootsHealth","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00d68nb44"}}],"datePublished":"2011-03-08","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Studies indicate that intake of vitamin D in the range from 1,100 to 4,000 IU/d and a serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration [25(OH)D] from 60-80 ng/ml may be needed to reduce cancer risk. Few community-based studies allow estimation of the dose-response relationship between oral intake of vitamin D and corresponding serum 25(OH)D in the range above 1,000 IU/d.\n\nMATERIALS AND METHODS: A descriptive study of serum 25(OH)D concentration and self-reported vitamin D intake in a community-based cohort (n = 3,667, mean age 51.3 ± 13.4 y).\n\nRESULTS: Serum 25(OH)D rose as a function of self-reported vitamin D supplement ingestion in a curvilinear fashion, with no intakes of 10,000 IU/d or lower producing 25(OH)D values above the lower-bound of the zone of potential toxicity (200 ng/ml). Unsupplemented all-source input was estimated at 3,300 IU/d. The supplemental dose ensuring that 97.5% of this population achieved a serum 25(OH)D of at least 40 ng/ml was 9,600 IU/d.\n\nCONCLUSION: Universal intake of up to 40,000 IU vitamin D per day is unlikely to result in vitamin D toxicity.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"31","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Anticancer Research"}}},"pageStart":"607","pageEnd":"611","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46099947","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21378345"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46099947"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/costs-of-infertility-treatment-results-from-an-18month-prospective-cohort-study-8owrwrej/","name":"Costs of infertility treatment: results from an 18-month prospective cohort study","headline":"Costs of infertility treatment: results from an 18-month prospective cohort study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/costs-of-infertility-treatment-results-from-an-18month-prospective-cohort-study-8owrwrej/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Katz P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Showstack J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"James F. Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4221-9858"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nachtigall RD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Millstein SG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wing H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eisenberg ML","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5482-0141"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pasch LA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary S Croughan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Adler N"}],"datePublished":"2011-03-01","abstract":"To examine resource use (costs) by women presenting for infertility evaluation and treatment over 18 months, regardless of treatment pursued. Prospective cohort study in which women were followed for 18 months. Setting: eight infertility practices. 398 women recruited from infertility practices. Women completed interviews and questionnaires at baseline and after 4, 10, and 18 months of follow-up; medical records were abstracted after 18 months. Main outcome measures: per-person and per-successful-outcome costs. Treatment groups were defined as highest intensity treatment use. Twenty percent of women did not pursue cycle-based treatment; approximately half pursued IVF. Median per-person costs ranged from $1,182 for medications only to $24,373 and $38,015 for IVF and IVF-donor egg groups, respectively. Estimates of costs of successful outcomes (delivery or ongoing pregnancy by 18 months) were higher ($61,377 for IVF, for example), reflecting treatment success rates. Within the time frame of the study, costs were not significantly different for women whose outcomes were successful and women whose outcomes were not. Although individual patient costs vary, these cost estimates developed from actual patient treatment experiences may provide patients with realistic estimates to consider when initiating infertility treatment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.11.026","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34594301"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.11.026"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21130988"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34594301"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/acute-effects-of-premenopausal-hysterectomy-with-bilateral-oophorectomy-on-serum-recwwpk1sbcalajvk/","name":"Acute effects of premenopausal hysterectomy with bilateral oophorectomy on serum lipids, hormonal values, inflammatory markers and metabolism","headline":"Acute effects of premenopausal hysterectomy with bilateral oophorectomy on serum lipids, hormonal values, inflammatory markers and metabolism","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/acute-effects-of-premenopausal-hysterectomy-with-bilateral-oophorectomy-on-serum-recwwpk1sbcalajvk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Shirin Kalyan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7458-0832","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Coastal Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bd8jh67"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine L Hitchcock","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation Research, Division of Endocrinology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pudek"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Pudek","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6432-263X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hitchcock C L","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0252-1317"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2011-03-01","abstract":"Objectives: The aim of this study was to provide a clinical reference for the acute postoperative changes to lipids and inflammation following premenopausal hysterectomy with bilateral oophorectomy and compare them to normal reference values.\nDesign: The study design was a planned secondary analysis of data from a randomized double-blind trial comparing the effectiveness of two different hormone therapies for preventing post-oophorectomy bone loss and controlling vasomotor symptoms. These data were obtained on hospital discharge before randomization to treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Premenopausal women scheduled for a hysterectomy with bilateral oophorectomy for benign reasons were identified from preoperative lists and approached, prior to hospital discharge, to participate in this study. Postoperative data were compared with premenopausal reference intervals using Z scores.\n\nResults: Thirty-three (33) women (mean age 45 ± 4.8 years) were studied an average of 7 days postsurgery. Hemoglobin, albumin, testosterone, and high-density lipoprotein values were decreased in comparison to the normal mean, having Z scores of −3.0, −2.5, −2.4, and −1.7, respectively. C-reactive protein levels were quite significantly elevated (Z score = 20.3).\n\nConclusions: The high levels of inflammation and abnormal lipids postsurgical menopause are important considerations for physicians when planning subsequent treatment and care. (J GYNECOL SURG 27:9)","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"27","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of gynecologic surgery"}}},"pageStart":"9","pageEnd":"15","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1089/gyn.2009.0098","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1089/gyn.2009.0098"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/return-of-ovulation-and-menses-in-postpartum-nonlactating-women-a-systematic-rev-lrudv46h/","name":"Return of ovulation and menses in postpartum nonlactating women: a systematic review","headline":"Return of ovulation and menses in postpartum nonlactating women: a systematic review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/return-of-ovulation-and-menses-in-postpartum-nonlactating-women-a-systematic-rev-lrudv46h/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jackson E","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2052-2776"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Glasier","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5697-255X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Edinburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90"}}],"datePublished":"2011-03-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: To estimate, from the literature, when nonlactating postpartum women regain fertility.\n\nDATA SOURCES: We searched PubMed and Cochrane Library databases for all articles (in all languages) published in peer-reviewed journals from database inception through May 2010 for evidence related to the return of ovulation and menses in nonlactating postpartum women. Search terms included \"Fertility\" (Mesh) OR \"Ovulation\" (Mesh) OR \"Ovulation Detection\" (Mesh) OR \"Ovulation Prediction\" (Mesh) OR fertility OR ovulat* AND \"Postpartum Period\" (Mesh) OR postpartum OR puerperium AND Human AND Female.\n\nMETHODS OF STUDY SELECTION: We included articles assessing nonlactating women's first ovulation postpartum. Studies in which women breastfed for any period of time or in whom lactation was suppressed with medications were excluded.\n\nTABULATION, INTEGRATION AND RESULTS: We identified 1,623 articles; six articles reported four studies met our inclusion criteria. In three studies utilizing urinary pregnanediol levels to measure ovulation, mean day of first ovulation ranged from 45 to 94 days postpartum; 20%-71% of first menses were preceded by ovulation and 0%-60% of these ovulations were potentially fertile. In one study that used basal body temperature to measure ovulation, mean first ovulation occurred on day 74 postpartum; 33% of first menses were preceded by ovulation and 70% of these were potentially fertile.\n\nCONCLUSION: Most nonlactating women will not ovulate until 6 weeks postpartum. A small number of women will ovulate earlier, potentially putting them at risk for pregnancy sooner, although the fertility of these early ovulations is not well-established. The potential risk of pregnancy soon after delivery underscores the importance of initiating postpartum contraception in a timely fashion.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"117","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"657","pageEnd":"662","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0b013e31820ce18c","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33827291"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/AOG.0b013e31820ce18c"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21343770"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33827291"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-hyperprolactinemia-treatment-with-the-dopamine-agonist-quinagolide-on-qs98f59i/","name":"Effects of hyperprolactinemia treatment with the dopamine agonist quinagolide on endometriotic lesions in patients with endometriosis-associated hyperprolactinemia","headline":"Effects of hyperprolactinemia treatment with the dopamine agonist quinagolide on endometriotic lesions in patients with endometriosis-associated hyperprolactinemia","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-hyperprolactinemia-treatment-with-the-dopamine-agonist-quinagolide-on-qs98f59i/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Gómez R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Abad A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Delgado F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tamarit S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carlos Simón","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5453-9659","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04drvxt59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonio Pellicer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1234-3281"}],"datePublished":"2011-03-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To assess whether dopamine receptor 2 agonists reduced the size of peritoneal lesions in women with endometriosis and elucidate whether affectation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2)-dependent angiogenesis was mediating the observed effects.\n\nDESIGN: Proof-of-concept study.\n\nSETTING: University hospital and a university-affiliated private IVF research center.\n\nPATIENT(S): Hyperprolactinemic patients (n = 9) with endometriosis requiring a first surgical intervention (L1) and benefiting from a second-look laparoscopy (L2) were evaluated.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): During L1, four to six peritoneal red lesions were identified. One-half of the lesions were removed and the remaining one-half were labeled with silk knot sutures. After L1, quinagolide was administered in a titrated manner (25-75 μg/d) for 18-20 weeks. During L2, the remaining lesions were surgically excised.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Both L1 and L2 were video recorded to compare the effects of quinagolide treatment on lesion size. Lesions removed at L1 and L2 were compared by means of: 1) histologic analysis; 2) immunohistochemical quantitative analysis of angiogenesis; and 3) quantitative fluorescence polymerase chain reaction array analysis of 84 chemokines and pro-/antiangiogenic molecules.\n\nRESULT(S): Quinagolide induced a 69.5% reduction in the size of the lesions, with 35% vanishing completely. Histologic analysis showed tissue degeneration, which was supported by down-regulation of VEGF/VEGFR2, three proangiogenic cytokines (CCL2, RUNX1, and AGGF1) and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) 1, a potent inhibitor of fibrinolysis in the L2 lesions.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): By interfering with angiogenesis, enhancing fibrinolysis, and reducing inflammation, quinagolide reduces or eliminates peritoneal endometriotic lesions in women with endometriosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"95","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"882-8.e1","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.10.024","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50555807"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.10.024"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21055747"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50555807"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/folic-acid-food-fortificationits-history-effect-concerns-and-future-directions-zasqucfh/","name":"Folic acid food fortification-its history, effect, concerns, and future directions","headline":"Folic acid food fortification-its history, effect, concerns, and future directions","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/folic-acid-food-fortificationits-history-effect-concerns-and-future-directions-zasqucfh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Crider KS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bailey LB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Berry RJ"}],"datePublished":"2011-03-01","abstract":"Periconceptional intake of folic acid is known to reduce a woman's risk of having an infant affected by a neural tube birth defect (NTD). National programs to mandate fortification of food with folic acid have reduced the prevalence of NTDs worldwide. Uncertainty surrounding possible unintended consequences has led to concerns about higher folic acid intake and food fortification programs. This uncertainty emphasizes the need to continually monitor fortification programs for accurate measures of their effect and the ability to address concerns as they arise. This review highlights the history, effect, concerns, and future directions of folic acid food fortification programs.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nutrients"}}},"pageStart":"370","pageEnd":"84","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3390/nu3030370","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35671211"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3390/nu3030370"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22254102"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35671211"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reproductive-history-and-oral-contraceptive-use-in-relation-to-risk-of-triple-ne-reclzu8tl2klzskmw/","name":"Reproductive history and oral contraceptive use in relation to risk of  triple-negative breast cancer","headline":"Reproductive history and oral contraceptive use in relation to risk of  triple-negative breast cancer","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reproductive-history-and-oral-contraceptive-use-in-relation-to-risk-of-triple-ne-reclzu8tl2klzskmw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Amanda I Phipps","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1446-2201","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"State University of New York","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01q1z8k08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rowan T Chlebowski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4212-6184","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ross L. Prentice","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2849-5757","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"State University of New York","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01q1z8k08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lewis H Kuller","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7148-8416","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05cf8a891"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lucile L. Adams‐Campbell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3444-3884","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hjz7x27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dorothy S. Lane","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3272-0451","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wake Forest University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0207ad724"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marcia L Stefanick","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0284-6996","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wake Forest University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0207ad724"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mara Z. Vitolins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0348-0113","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fred Hutch Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007ps6h72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Geoffrey C Kabat","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8251-1389","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas E Rohan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6897-4045","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05cf8a891"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lucile L Adams-Campbell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts and 2Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center at Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dorothy Lane","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0992-2662","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Coastal Carolina University"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher I Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1759-105X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anne McTiernan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University at Buffalo, State University of New York","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Wactawski-Wende","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3096-9595","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}}],"datePublished":"2011-02-25","abstract":"Background: Triple-negative (ie, estrogen receptor [ER], progesterone receptor, and HER2 negative) breast cancer occurs disproportionately among African American women compared with white women and is associated with a worse prognosis than ER-positive (ER+) breast cancer. Hormonally mediated risk factors may be differentially related to risk of triple-negative and ER+ breast cancers.\n\nMethods: Using data from 155,723 women enrolled in the Women's Health Initiative, we assessed associations between reproductive and menstrual history, breastfeeding, oral contraceptive use, and subtype-specific breast cancer risk. We used Cox regression to evaluate associations with triple-negative (N = 307) and ER+ (N = 2610) breast cancers and used partial likelihood methods to test for differences in subtype-specific hazard ratios (HRs).\n\nResults: Reproductive history was differentially associated with risk of triple-negative and ER+ breast cancers. Nulliparity was associated with decreased risk of triple-negative breast cancer (HR = 0.61, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.37 to 0.97) but increased risk of ER+ breast cancer (HR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.20 to 1.52). Age-adjusted absolute rates of triple-negative breast cancer were 2.71 and 1.54 per 10,000 person-years in parous and nulliparous women, respectively; by comparison, rates of ER+ breast cancer were 21.10 and 28.16 per 10,000 person-years in the same two groups. Among parous women, the number of births was positively associated with risk of triple-negative disease (HR for three births or more vs one birth = 1.46, 95% CI = 0.82 to 2.63) and inversely associated with risk of ER+ disease (HR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.74 to 1.04). Ages at menarche and menopause were modestly associated with risk of ER+ but not triple-negative breast cancer; breastfeeding and oral contraceptive use were not associated with either subtype.\n\nConclusion: The association between parity and breast cancer risk differs appreciably for ER+ and triple-negative breast cancers. These findings require further confirmation because the biological mechanisms underlying these differences are uncertain.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"103","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute"}}},"pageStart":"470","pageEnd":"477","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djr030","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34677207"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/jnci/djr030"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21346227"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34677207"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/providing-hospice-in-the-womb-recq2ut3l3htuzata/","name":"Providing hospice in the womb","headline":"Providing hospice in the womb","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/providing-hospice-in-the-womb-recq2ut3l3htuzata/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Roger Collier","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2427-4239","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard Medical School"}}],"datePublished":"2011-02-24","abstract":"Amy Kuebelbeck was 25 weeks into her pregnancy when she received the terrible news. Her fetus had been diagnosed with an incurable heart defect. If she carried through with her pregnancy, her baby's life would be a brief one. Kuebelbeck did continue her pregnancy and gave birth to a boy. Her new","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"183","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association Journal = Journal De l'Association Medicale  Canadienne"}}},"pageStart":"E267-E268","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.109-3776","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42700171"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1503/cmaj.109-3776"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21343271"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q42700171"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/emotional-distress-in-infertile-women-and-failure-of-assisted-reproductive-techn-bxemybzi/","name":"Emotional distress in infertile women and failure of assisted reproductive technologies: meta-analysis of prospective psychosocial studies","headline":"Emotional distress in infertile women and failure of assisted reproductive technologies: meta-analysis of prospective psychosocial studies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/emotional-distress-in-infertile-women-and-failure-of-assisted-reproductive-techn-bxemybzi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Boivin J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Griffiths E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Venetis CA"}],"datePublished":"2011-02-23","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To examine whether pretreatment emotional distress in women is associated with achievement of pregnancy after a cycle of assisted reproductive technology. DESIGN: Meta-analysis of prospective psychosocial studies. DATA SOURCES: PubMed, Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, PsychNET, ISI Web of Knowledge, and ISI Web of Science were searched for articles published from 1985 to March 2010 (inclusive). We also undertook a hand search of reference lists and contacted 29 authors. Eligible studies were prospective studies reporting a test of the association between pretreatment emotional distress (anxiety or depression) and pregnancy in women undergoing a single cycle of assisted reproductive technology. Review methods Two authors independently assessed the studies for eligibility and quality (using criteria adapted from the Newcastle-Ottawa quality scale) and extracted data. Authors contributed additional data not included in original publication. RESULTS: Fourteen studies with 3583 infertile women undergoing a cycle of fertility treatment were included in the meta-analysis. The effect size used was the standardised mean difference (adjusted for small sample size) in pretreatment anxiety or depression (priority on anxiety where both measured) between women who achieved a pregnancy (defined as a positive pregnancy test, positive fetal heart scan, or live birth) and those who did not. Pretreatment emotional distress was not associated with treatment outcome after a cycle of assisted reproductive technology (standardised mean difference -0.04, 95% confidence interval -0.11 to 0.03 (fixed effects model); heterogeneity I2=14%, P=0.30). Subgroup analyses according to previous experience of assisted reproductive technology, composition of the not pregnant group, and timing of the emotional assessment were not significant. The effect size did not vary according to study quality, but a significant subgroup analysis on timing of the pregnancy test, a contour enhanced funnel plot, and Egger's test indicated the presence of moderate publication bias. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this meta-analysis should reassure women and doctors that emotional distress caused by fertility problems or other life events co-occurring with treatment will not compromise the chance of becoming pregnant.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.d223","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34596821"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj.d223"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21345903"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34596821"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/urine-bisphenola-bpa-level-in-relation-to-semen-quality-9bfsdu6h/","name":"Urine bisphenol-A (BPA) level in relation to semen quality","headline":"Urine bisphenol-A (BPA) level in relation to semen quality","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/urine-bisphenola-bpa-level-in-relation-to-semen-quality-9bfsdu6h/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"D K Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8549-5437","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zehong Zhou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7220-4262","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guangzhou Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00zat6v61"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Miao M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yuan-qiao He","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8974-4273"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jing Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4921-9674","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Utah Valley University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02rxpxc98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ferber J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Herrinton LJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gao E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yuan W"}],"datePublished":"2011-02-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine whether urine bisphenol-A (BPA) levels are associated with lower semen quality.\n\nDESIGN: Cohort study.\n\nSETTING: Four regions in China where high exposure to BPA in the workplace existed.\n\nPATIENT(S): 218 men with and without BPA exposure in the workplace.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): None.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Semen parameters.\n\nRESULT(S): After adjustment for potential confounders using linear regression, increasing urine BPA level was statistically significantly associated with [1] decreased sperm concentration, [2] decreased total sperm count, [3] decreased sperm vitality, and [4] decreased sperm motility. Compared with men who did not have detectable urine BPA levels, those with detectable urine BPA had more than three times the risk of lowered sperm concentration and lower sperm vitality, more than four times the risk of lower sperm count, and more than twice the risk of lower sperm motility. The urine BPA level was not associated with semen volume or abnormal sperm morphology. Similar dose-response associations were observed among men with environmental BPA exposure at levels comparable with those in the U.S population. Despite a markedly reduced sample size, the inverse correlation between increased urine BPA levels and decreased sperm concentration and total sperm count remained statistically significant.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): These results provide the first epidemiologic evidence of an adverse effect of BPA on semen quality.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"95","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"625-30.e1-4","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.09.026","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24169904"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.09.026"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21035116"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q24169904"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-omega-3-polyunsaturated-fatty-acid-supplementation-on-semen-profile-an-rec0ckywmwzkpe32y/","name":"Effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on semen profile and enzymatic anti-oxidant capacity of seminal plasma in infertile men with idiopathic oligoasthenoteratospermia: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised study","headline":"Effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on semen profile and enzymatic anti-oxidant capacity of seminal plasma in infertile men with idiopathic oligoasthenoteratospermia: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-omega-3-polyunsaturated-fatty-acid-supplementation-on-semen-profile-an-rec0ckywmwzkpe32y/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M R Safarinejad","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3055-5915","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"safarinejad@urologist.md"}}],"datePublished":"2011-02-01","abstract":"Effective medical treatments of infertile men with idiopathic oligoasthenoteratospermia (OAT) have yet to be determined. This study considered two major aims: (i) to measure the changes in semen parameters, omega-3 fatty acids (FA) compositions and anti-oxidant activity; (ii) to determine if the administration of omega-3 FA affect semen quality in infertile men with OAT. Two hundred thirty-eight infertile men with idiopathic OAT were randomised to eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acids (DHA), 1.84 g per day (EPAX 5500TG; Lysaker, Norway), or placebo for 32 weeks. The semen parameters were assessed according to WHO criteria, and the EPA and DHA concentrations were determined in red blood cells (RBCs), seminal plasma and sperm cells at baseline and 32-week treatment period. Of randomised subjects, 211 (88.7%) completed the full 32-week randomisation period. The anti-oxidant status of seminal plasma was also evaluated by measuring the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase-like activity. In the total group of participants, all EPA and DHA levels in RBC, and seminal plasma, were statistically significantly correlated with those in spermatozoa (both P = 0.001). A significant improvement of sperm cell total count (from 38.7 ± 8.7 ' 10⁶ to 61.7 ± 11.2 ' 10⁶, P = 0.001) and sperm cell concentration (from 15.6 ± 4.1 ' 10⁶ per ml to 28.7 ± 4.4 ' 10⁶ per ml, P = 0.001) was observed in the omega-3 group. A significant positive correlation was found between the EPA and DHA in seminal plasma and the semen parameters. Seminal plasma EPA and DHA concentrations were positively correlated with seminal plasma SOD-like and catalase-like activity (both P = 0.001). In seminal plasma, both SOD-like and catalase-like activity were positively correlated with sperm count, sperm motility, and sperm morphology. Oligoasthenoteratospermic men with low levels of EPA and DHA may benefit from omega-3 FA supplementation. Further studies are warranted to shed more light on this important issue.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"43","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Andrologia"}}},"pageStart":"38","pageEnd":"47","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0272.2009.01013.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50549105"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1439-0272.2009.01013.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21219381"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50549105"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/is-the-oral-contraceptive-pill-associated-with-fracture-in-later-life-new-evidence-from-the-royal-college-of-general-practitioners-oral-contraception-study-recjq8kjaaja85ds6/","name":"Is the oral contraceptive pill associated with fracture in later life? New evidence from the Royal College of General Practitioners Oral Contraception Study","headline":"Is the oral contraceptive pill associated with fracture in later life? New evidence from the Royal College of General Practitioners Oral Contraception Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/is-the-oral-contraceptive-pill-associated-with-fracture-in-later-life-new-evidence-from-the-royal-college-of-general-practitioners-oral-contraception-study-recjq8kjaaja85ds6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa Iversen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0424-7740","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Aberdeen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016476m91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Philip C Hannaford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2588-1006","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Forest Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03wcc3744"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sanam Memon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3924-5781","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Aberdeen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016476m91"}}],"datePublished":"2011-01-20","abstract":"Background: Several studies, including an earlier analysis from the Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP) Oral Contraception Study, have suggested that ever users of oral contraceptives have an increased risk of fracture when compared with never users. In this paper, we examined a subset of women in the RCGP study living in Scotland to determine whether this risk has persisted.\n\nStudy Design: A nested case-control study was carried out using data collected prospectively for the RCGP Oral Contraception Study. Cases were women with a first ever diagnosis of fracture (n=651), age-matched to two controls (n=1302). Adjustments were made for smoking, social class and parity.\n\nResults: There was not a significant association between ever use of oral contraception and fracture (adjusted odds ratio 1.05, 95% confidence interval 0.86-1.29), compared with never users. Neither were significant associations found between fracture and smoking, social class and parity. The findings did not vary materially with age or type of fracture.\n\nConclusion: Ever use of oral contraception was not associated with fracture in this study.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"84","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"40","pageEnd":"47","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2010.11.019","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46599658"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.contraception.2010.11.019"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21664509"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46599658"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/characteristics-of-the-menstrual-cycle-after-discontinuation-of-oral-contracepti-recz6eqrybvgv53vm/","name":"Characteristics of the menstrual cycle after discontinuation of oral contraceptives","headline":"Characteristics of the menstrual cycle after discontinuation of oral contraceptives","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/characteristics-of-the-menstrual-cycle-after-discontinuation-of-oral-contracepti-recz6eqrybvgv53vm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Schneider","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8090-4971","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen C Schliep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-3157","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Diane Daly","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4526-9869","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint John's Mercy Medical Center"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudia L Nassaralla","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}}],"datePublished":"2011-01-12","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Menstrual cycle function may continue to be altered after discontinuation of oral contraceptives (OC). Few studies have been published on the effects of recent OC use on menstrual cycle parameters; none have examined characteristics of the menstrual flow or the quality of cervical mucus. The purpose of this retrospective matched cohort study is to assess biomarkers of the menstrual cycle after discontinuation of OCs.\n\nMETHODS: Among a sample of women who daily recorded observations of menstrual cycle biomarkers, 70 women who had recently discontinued OCs were randomly matched by age and parity with 70 women who had not used OCs for at least 1 year. Outcomes investigated included overall cycle length, length of the luteal phase, estimated day of ovulation, duration of menstrual flow, menstrual intensity, and mucus score. Differences between recent OC users and controls were assessed using random effects modeling.\n\nRESULTS: Recent OC users had statistically significantly lower scores for mucus quality for cycles 1 and 2. Additionally, OC users had a later estimated day of ovulation that was statistically significant in cycle 2 and a decreased intensity of menstrual flow that was significant in the first four cycles (difference = -0.48 days). In random effects modeling, all these parameters were significantly different for the first six cycles combined.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Menstrual cycle biomarkers are altered for at least two cycles after discontinuation of OCs, and this may help explain the temporary decrease in fecundity associated with recent OC use.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"20","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Women's Health (2002)"}}},"pageStart":"169","pageEnd":"177","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2010.2001","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45912882"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1089/jwh.2010.2001"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21219248"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q45912882"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-for-symptomatic-perimenopause-treatment---progesterone-politics-phy-rece0hnjqu7lhyuti/","name":"Progesterone for Symptomatic Perimenopause Treatment - Progesterone politics,  physiology and potential for perimenopause","headline":"Progesterone for Symptomatic Perimenopause Treatment - Progesterone politics,  physiology and potential for perimenopause","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-for-symptomatic-perimenopause-treatment---progesterone-politics-phy-rece0hnjqu7lhyuti/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2011-01-01","abstract":"Perimenopause, women's normal midlife reproductive transition, is highly symptomatic for about 20% of women who are currently inaccurately counseled and inappropriately treated with oral contraceptives, menopausal hormone therapy or hysterectomy. About 80% of perimenopausal women experience vasomotor symptoms (VMS), 25% have menorrhagia, and about 10% experience mastalgia. The majority of women describe varying intensities of sleep, -coping or mood difficulties. Women are more symptomatic because common knowledge inaccurately says that estradiol (E2) levels are dropping/deficient. Evidence shows that with disturbed brain-ovary feedbacks, E2 levels average 26% higher and soar erratically - some women describe feeling pregnant! Also, ovulation and progesterone (P4) levels become insufficient or absent. The most symptomatic women have higher E2 and lower P4 levels. Because P4 and E2 complement/counterbalance each other's tissue effects, oral micronized P4 (OMP4 300 mg at -bedtime) is a physiological therapy for treatment-seeking, symptomatic perimenopausal women. Given cyclically (cycle d 14-27, or 14 on/off) in menstruating midlife women, OMP4 decreases cyclic VMS, improves sleep and premenstrual mastalgia. Menorrhagia is treated with ibuprofen 200mg/6h plus OMP4 cycle d 4-28. For insulin resistance, metformin plus cyclic or daily OMP4 decreases insulin resistance and weight gain. Non-responsive migraines need daily OMP4 plus usual therapies. VMS and insomnia in late perimenopause respond to daily OMP4. In summary, OMP4 is a physiology-based therapy that improves sleep, treats VMS, does not increase breast proliferation or cancer risk, increases bone formation and has beneficial cardiovascular effects. A","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Facts, Views & Vision in ObGyn"}}},"pageStart":"109","pageEnd":"120","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37704110","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"24753856"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37704110"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/modulation-of-spermatozoon-acrosome-reaction-receytxnjdtxmqggn/","name":"Modulation of spermatozoon acrosome reaction","headline":"Modulation of spermatozoon acrosome reaction","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/modulation-of-spermatozoon-acrosome-reaction-receytxnjdtxmqggn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Manuel E Cortés","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0845-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x0xhn70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Renán F Orellana","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}}],"datePublished":"2011-01-01","abstract":"Spermatozoon acrosome reaction is an exocytotic event of the utmost importance for the development of mammalian fertilisation. Current evidence shows that the triggering of the acrosome reaction (AR) could be regulated by the action of diverse compounds, namely, metabolites, neurotransmitters and hormones. The aim of the present review is to describe the modulating effects of several compounds that have been classified as inductors or inhibitors of acrosome reaction. Among AR inductors, it is necessary to mention progesterone, angiotensin II, atrial natriuretic peptide, cathecolamines, insulin, leptin, relaxin and other hormones. Regarding the inhibitors, oestradiol and epidermal growth factor are among the substances that retard AR. It is worth mentioning that gamma-aminobutyric acid, a neurotransmitter known to be an inhibitor in the central nervous system, has been shown to induce AR. The multiple hormones located in the fluids of the female reproductive tract are also likely to act as subtle regulators of AR, constituting a fundamental aspect for the development of successful fertilisation. Finally, it is necessary to emphasise that the study of regulation exerted by hormones and other compounds on AR is essential for further understanding of mammalian reproductive biology, especially spermatozoon physiology.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"44","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Biological Research"}}},"pageStart":"151","pageEnd":"159","isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/birth-defects-in-singleton-versus-multiple-art-births-in-japan-20042008-aulyt5gj/","name":"Birth Defects in Singleton versus Multiple ART Births in Japan (2004–2008)","headline":"Birth Defects in Singleton versus Multiple ART Births in Japan (2004–2008)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/birth-defects-in-singleton-versus-multiple-art-births-in-japan-20042008-aulyt5gj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ooki S"}],"datePublished":"2011-01-01","abstract":"The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the relative risk (RR) of multiple births for birth defects after assisted reproductive technology (ART) using Japanese nationwide data from 2004 to 2008 with singletons as the reference group. In multiples compared to singletons, the percentage of birth defects per pregnancy were significantly higher (RR = 1.88, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.60-2.13), the percentage of birth defects per live birth was not significantly higher (RR = 0.90, 95% CI 0.78-1.05 or RR = 0.94, 95% CI 0.81-1.10), and the early neonatal mortality rate was significantly higher (RR = 2.68, 95% CI 1.52-4.70 or RR = 2.80, 95% CI 1.60-4.92). The early neonatal mortality per 10,000 live births was slightly higher in ART (5.09) than in the general population (3.86). We concluded that the impact of birth defects after ART would be larger in families with multiples compared to families with singletons, since the mean number of children would be larger in the former.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2011","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Pregnancy"}},"pageStart":"1","pageEnd":"8","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/285706","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1155/2011/285706"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/impact-of-endometriosis-on-quality-of-life-and-work-productivity-a-multicenter-s-rec9hbfohskxsdpwu/","name":"Impact of endometriosis on quality of life and work productivity: a multicenter study across ten countries","headline":"Impact of endometriosis on quality of life and work productivity: a multicenter study across ten countries","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/impact-of-endometriosis-on-quality-of-life-and-work-productivity-a-multicenter-s-rec9hbfohskxsdpwu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kelechi Nnoaham","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5362-4605","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oxford","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052gg0110"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas D’Hooghe","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nuffield Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01w2zd907"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fiorenzo de Cicco Nardone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1730-8792","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"de Cicco Nardone F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carlo de Cicco Nardone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4022-8494","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"de Cicco Nardone C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Crispin Jenkinson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3692-0779","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oxford","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052gg0110"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Krina T Zondervan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0275-9905","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institut Gustave Roussy","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0321g0743"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"World Endometriosis Research Foundation Global Study of Women's Health consortium"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lone Hummelshoj","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1490-7802","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"World Endometriosis Research Foundation, London, United Kingdom.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01q5m4507"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sean Kennedy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4393-9785","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"John Radcliffe Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0080acb59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Premila Webster","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9413-584X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oxford","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052gg0110"}}],"datePublished":"2011-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"96","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"366-373.e8","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.05.090","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36920902"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.05.090"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21718982"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36920902"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-endocrinology-of-perimenopause-need-for-a-paradigm-shift-recrtiw6tngh3cypj/","name":"The endocrinology of perimenopause: need for a paradigm shift","headline":"The endocrinology of perimenopause: need for a paradigm shift","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-endocrinology-of-perimenopause-need-for-a-paradigm-shift-recrtiw6tngh3cypj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine L Hitchcock","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation Research, Division of Endocrinology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2011-01-01","abstract":"Perimenopause, rather than a time of declining estrogen, is characterized by three major hormonal changes that may begin in regularly menstruating women in their mid-thirties: erratically higher estradiol levels, decreased progesterone levels (in normally ovulatory, short luteal phase or anovulatory cycles), and disturbed ovarian-pituitary-hypothalamic feedback relationships. Recent data show that approximately a third of all perimenopausal cycles have a major surge in estradiol occurring de novo during the luteal phase. This phenomenon, named \"luteal out of phase (LOOP)\" event, may explain a large proportion of symptoms and signs for symptomatic perimenopausal women. Large urinary hormone data-sets from women studied yearly over a number of years in the Study of Women Across the Nation (SWAN) and in the Tremin data will eventually provide a more clear prospective understanding of within-woman hormonal changes. Predicting menopause proximity with FSH or Inhibin B levels is documented to be ineffective. Anti-Mullerian hormone levels may prove predictive. Finally, there is an urgent need to change perimenopause understandings, language and therapies used for midlife women's symptoms to reflect these hormonal changes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Front Biosci (Schol Ed)"}}},"pageStart":"474","pageEnd":"486","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.2741/s166","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37825316"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2741/s166"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21196391"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37825316"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/naprotechnology-for-womens-health-promising-results-from-clinical-trials-reczcmmmf6txdpwzy/","name":"Naprotechnology for Women's Health: Promising Results from Clinical Trials","headline":"Naprotechnology for Women's Health: Promising Results from Clinical Trials","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/naprotechnology-for-womens-health-promising-results-from-clinical-trials-reczcmmmf6txdpwzy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2011-01-01","abstract":"The paper presents the main concepts of NaProTECHNOLOGY. Such problems as family planning effectiveness, targeted hormonal assessment of the menstrual cycle, ovarian hormone and target organ dysfucntion, disorders of human ovulation, cooperative progesterone replacement therapy, premustrual syndrome, postpartum depression, unusual bleeding, infertility and antiadhesion therapy are discussed.","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/can-antiovarian-antibody-testing-be-useful-in-an-ivfet-clinic-f0opmjuc/","name":"Can anti-ovarian antibody testing be useful in an IVF-ET clinic?","headline":"Can anti-ovarian antibody testing be useful in an IVF-ET clinic?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/can-antiovarian-antibody-testing-be-useful-in-an-ivfet-clinic-f0opmjuc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Pires ES"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Parikh FR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mande PV"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Uttamchandani SA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Savkar S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Khole VV"}],"datePublished":"2011-01-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To establish importance of anti-ovarian antibodies (AOA) testing in infertile women.\n\nDESIGN: A clinical reproductive outcome comparative study between two groups of women undergoing IVF-ET. Group 1 consists of women tested positive for AOA, put on corticosteroid therapy, reverted to AOA negative and then taken up for IVF-ET. Group 2 were seronegative for AOA.\n\nSETTING: Major urban infertility reference centre and National research institute.\n\nPATIENT(S): Five hundred seventy infertile women enrolled for IVF-ET.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): AOA testing, corticosteroid therapy and IVF-ET/ICSI.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Comparable clinical outcome and significance of AOA testing established.\n\nRESULTS: AOA positive serum samples were sent periodically to re-investigate presence of AOA after corticosteroid therapy and women turned AOA negative were taken up for IVF-ET. Of the 70/138 women in group 1 who were treated with corticosteroids and turned seronegative for AOA, 22/70 were poor responders and needed donor oocyte-recipient cycles. Results demonstrated that fertilization and clinical pregnancy rates between both groups are comparable. Nevertheless, it is also observed that there is poor response to stimulation protocol, smaller number of oocytes retrieved and more spontaneous abortions in group 1 women. Hence not all outcomes following the treatment are comparable between the two groups. Usefulness of the test was established in two case studies.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: AOA testing could be included in the battery of tests investigating and treating infertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"28","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics"}}},"pageStart":"55","pageEnd":"64","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-010-9488-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30429101"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s10815-010-9488-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20938805"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q30429101"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-napro-technology-revolution-unleashing-the-power-in-a-womans-cycle-rec9momrwqgzcmhnb/","name":"The NaPro Technology Revolution: Unleashing the Power in a Woman's Cycle","headline":"The NaPro Technology Revolution: Unleashing the Power in a Woman's Cycle","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-napro-technology-revolution-unleashing-the-power-in-a-womans-cycle-rec9momrwqgzcmhnb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2011-01-01","abstract":"Dr. Thomas W. Hilgers draws on decades of medical experience to provide educational and revolutionary insights into the world of women's health. The NaPro Technology Revolution provides real solutions to real problems such as infertility, repetitive miscarriage, menstrual cramps, postpartum depression, PMS, prematurity prevention, ovarian cysts, hormonal abnormalities, irregular/abnormal bleeding, chronic discharges, polycystic ovarian disease, and family planning. Hilgers sheds light on abnormal ovarian function, an issue that millions of women unknowingly suffer from. His methods have proven to assist infertile couples nearly three times more successfully than those who use In Vitro Fertilization, without the dangers of early abortions, frozen embryos, or high rates of multiple pregnancy. The NaProTechnology Prematurity Prevention Program cuts the rate from the national 12.7% to 7%. The NaPro Technology Revolution discusses what every woman has a right to know about her body, her health, and her future!","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cell-phones-and-male-infertility-a-review-of-recent-innovations-in-technology-an-mf7f6kf1/","name":"Cell phones and male infertility: a review of recent innovations in technology and consequences","headline":"Cell phones and male infertility: a review of recent innovations in technology and consequences","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cell-phones-and-male-infertility-a-review-of-recent-innovations-in-technology-an-mf7f6kf1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ashok Agarwal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0900-6383","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cleveland Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xjacd83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Akanksha Singh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8375-7049","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Maryland, College Park","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047s2c258"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hamada A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kesari K"}],"datePublished":"2011-01-01","abstract":"Cell phones have become a vital part of everyday life. However, the health risks associated with their usage are often overlooked. Recently, evidence from several studies supports a growing claim that cell phone usage may have a detrimental effect on sperm parameters leading to decreased male fertility. Nonetheless, other studies showed no conclusive link between male infertility and cell phone usage. The ambiguity of such results is attributed to the lack of a centralized assay for measuring inflicted damage caused by cell phones. Study design, ethics, and reproducibility are all aspects which must be standardized before any conclusions can be made.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"37","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International braz j urol : official journal of the Brazilian Society of Urology"}}},"pageStart":"432","pageEnd":"54","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1590/s1677-55382011000400002","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26830309"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1590/s1677-55382011000400002"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21888695"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q26830309"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cartr-2011-annual-report-2010-results-from-the-canadian-art-register-nbsmdulh/","name":"CARTR 2011 Annual Report - 2010 Results from the Canadian ART Register","headline":"CARTR 2011 Annual Report - 2010 Results from the Canadian ART Register","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cartr-2011-annual-report-2010-results-from-the-canadian-art-register-nbsmdulh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Canadian Fertility and Andrology Society"}],"datePublished":"2011-01-01","abstract":"Canadian ART Register (CARTR) annual report for 2010. A total of 18,454 cycles was reported to CARTR. Voluntary professional society database operated by the Canadian Fertility and Andrology Society.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"CFAS"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2010-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2010-uxsfmewv/","name":"DIR Jahrbuch 2010 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2010)","headline":"DIR Jahrbuch 2010 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2010)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2010-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2010-uxsfmewv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register e.V."}],"datePublished":"2011-01-01","abstract":"Annual report (Jahrbuch) of the Deutsches IVF-Register (DIR) for treatment year 2010. DIR is the German national IVF/ICSI registry, founded 1982 — the oldest continuously operating ART registry. Voluntary professional-society database with high de-facto coverage of German fertility centres. Reports cycles, transfers, pregnancies and clinical outcomes by treatment type (IVF, ICSI, frozen embryo transfer, donor). German-language registry document. Used as a Phase B historical-archive source for the ART Registry Comparison study (cross-registry classification by reporting completeness on 7 framework dimensions).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register Jahrbuch"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/international-committee-for-monitoring-assisted-reproductive-technology-icmart-w-zvjyz9hv/","name":"International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technology (ICMART) world report: assisted reproductive technology 2003","headline":"International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technology (ICMART) world report: assisted reproductive technology 2003","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/international-committee-for-monitoring-assisted-reproductive-technology-icmart-w-zvjyz9hv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Nygren KG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sullivan E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fernando Zegers-Hochschild","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6234-6179","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Clínica Las Condes","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j5bwe91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Mansour","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0758-3387","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Egyptian IVF-ET Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035aahr55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ishihara O"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G David Adamson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5387-7629","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Endometriosis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01q5m4507"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacques de Mouzon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9465-3488","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}}],"datePublished":"2011 Jun","abstract":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.03.058. Epub 2011 May 4. International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technology (ICMART) world report: assisted reproductive technology 2003. Nygren KG(1), Sullivan E, Zegers-Hochschild F, Mansour R, Ishihara O, Adamson GD, de Mouzon J. (1)IVF Unit, Queen Sophia Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. OBJECTIVE: To analyze information on assisted reproductive technologies (ART) performed globally. DESIGN: Data on access, efficacy, and safety of ART were collected for the year 2003 from 54 countries. SETTING: National and regional ART registries globally. PATIENT(S): Patients undergoing ART globally. INTERVENTION(S): Collection and analysis of international ART registry data. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Number of cycles performed in reporting countries and regions globally for different ART procedures with resulting pregnancy, live birth and multiple birth rates. RESULT(S): A total of 433,427 initiated cycles reported in this registry resulted in 173,424 babies born. This corresponded to a delivery rate per aspiration of 22.4% for in vitro fertilization (IVF), 23.3% for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), and a delivery rate per transfer of 17.1% for frozen embryo transfer. Although there is wide variation among countries and regions, the overall proportion of deliveries with twins and triplets from IVF and ICSI was 24.8% and 2.0%, respectively. There were wide variations in access, and compared with the previous report (year 2002), there was a 3.9% increase in the number of reported cycles and a minor increase in the delivery rate per aspiration. There was also a marginal decline in the mean number of embryos transferred and in the rate of multiple births. CONCLUSION(S): ART access, efficacy, and safety varies greatly globally. Collection and analysis of data over time will benefit ART patients, providers, and policy makers. Copyright © 2011 American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.03.058","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50108401"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.03.058"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21536284"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50108401"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/bone-changes-and-fracture-related-to-menstrual-cycles-and-ovulation-recfmnl1pxdo9qfdr/","name":"Bone changes and fracture related to menstrual cycles and ovulation","headline":"Bone changes and fracture related to menstrual cycles and ovulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/bone-changes-and-fracture-related-to-menstrual-cycles-and-ovulation-recfmnl1pxdo9qfdr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Shirin Kalyan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7458-0832","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Coastal Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bd8jh67"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2010-12-24","abstract":"Women's menstrual cycles and bone remodeling are linked in part by their co-dependency on the stressand resource-associated variables that govern both of their cyclical natures. Therefore, it is not surprising that evolution has resulted in the same signaling molecules and pathways that regulate normal ovarian function to be involved in bone remodeling and turnover. This review will first provide an overview of the normal menstrual cycle, its modification by age and ovulatory disturbances, and how it parallels bone remodeling. Epidemiological and clinical evidence will be presented that link bone remodeling, strength, and fractures with women's history of reproductive and menstrual cycle characteristics. This combined evidence will then be presented alongside a synthesis of current concepts derived from basic science investigations focused on understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the influence of ovarian factors on bone physiology. Osteoporosis is a significant source of morbidity for older women. The data presented in this review suggest that a woman's reproductive cycle and ovulatory characteristics foreshadow the future health of her bones. More importantly, identifying the key mechanisms underlying reproductive and bone health would not only provide essential preventative strategies, but may also uncover attractive targets for the treatment of osteoporosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"20","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Critical Reviews in Eukaryotic Gene Expression"}}},"pageStart":"213","pageEnd":"233","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1615/critreveukargeneexpr.v20.i3.30","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37822809"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1615/critreveukargeneexpr.v20.i3.30"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21175412"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37822809"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/independent-external-validation-of-nomograms-for-predicting-risk-of-low-trauma-f-recblpxzgbm702yj0/","name":"Independent external validation of nomograms for predicting risk of low-trauma fracture and hip fracture","headline":"Independent external validation of nomograms for predicting risk of low-trauma fracture and hip fracture","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/independent-external-validation-of-nomograms-for-predicting-risk-of-low-trauma-f-recblpxzgbm702yj0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa Langsetmo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2245-1657","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tuan V Nguyen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0200-0985","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UNSW Sydney","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nguyen D Nguyen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7690-7472"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher S Kovacs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5219-9993","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John’s, NL, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04haebc03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S. Morin"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Hanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacqueline R Center","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5278-4527","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Faculty of MedicineUniversity of New South WalesSydneyAustralia"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John A Eisman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0323-3366","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Vincent's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/001kjn539"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert G Josse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-6264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}}],"datePublished":"2010-12-20","abstract":"Background: A set of nomograms based on the Dubbo Osteoporosis Epidemiology Study predicts the fiveand ten-year absolute risk of fracture using age, bone mineral density and history of falls and low-trauma fracture. We assessed the discrimination and calibration of these nomograms among participants in the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study.\n\nMethods: We included participants aged 55-95 years for whom bone mineral density measurement data and at least one year of follow-up data were available. Self-reported incident fractures were identified by yearly postal questionnaire or interview (years 3, 5 and 10). We included low-trauma fractures before year 10, except those of the skull, face, hands, ankles and feet. We used a Cox proportional hazards model.\n\nResults: Among 4152 women, there were 583 fractures, with a mean follow-up time of 8.6 years. Among 1606 men, there were 116 fractures, with a mean follow-up time of 8.3 years. Increasing age, lower bone mineral density, prior fracture and prior falls were associated with increased risk of fracture. For low-trauma fractures, the concordance between predicted risk and fracture events (Harrell C) was 0.69 among women and 0.70 among men. For hip fractures, the concordance was 0.80 among women and 0.85 among men. The observed fracture risk was similar to the predicted risk in all quintiles of risk except the highest quintile of women, where it was lower. The net reclassification index (19.2%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 6.3% to 32.2%), favours the Dubbo nomogram over the current Canadian guidelines for men.\n\nInterpretation: The published nomograms provide good fracture-risk discrimination in a representative sample of the Canadian population.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"183","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"CMAJ"}}},"pageStart":"E107-E114","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.100458","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34553270"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1503/cmaj.100458"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21173069"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34553270"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fracture-prediction-and-calibration-of-a-canadian-fraxu00ae-tool-a-population-ba-recvxlidkjow2m7cr/","name":"Fracture prediction and calibration of a Canadian FRAX® tool: a population-based report from CaMos","headline":"Fracture prediction and calibration of a Canadian FRAX® tool: a population-based report from CaMos","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fracture-prediction-and-calibration-of-a-canadian-fraxu00ae-tool-a-population-ba-recvxlidkjow2m7cr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"LA Fraser, L Langsetmo, C Berger, G Ioannidis, D Goltzman, J D Adachi, A Papaioannou, R Josse, C S Kovacs, W P Olszynski, T Towheed, D A Hanley, S M Kaiser, J Prior, S Jamal, N Kreiger, J P Brown, H Johansson, A Oden, E McCloskey, J A Kanis, W D Leslie"}],"datePublished":"2010-12-16","abstract":"A new Canadian WHO fracture risk assessment (FRAX®) tool to predict 10-year fracture probability was compared with observed 10-year fracture outcomes in a large Canadian population-based study (CaMos). The Canadian FRAX tool showed good calibration and discrimination for both hip and major osteoporotic fractures.\nIntroduction: The purpose of this study was to validate a new Canadian WHO fracture risk assessment (FRAX®) tool in a prospective, population-based cohort, the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos).\n\nMethods: A FRAX tool calibrated to the Canadian population was developed by the WHO Collaborating Centre for Metabolic Bone Diseases using national hip fracture and mortality data. Ten-year FRAX probabilities with and without bone mineral density (BMD) were derived for CaMos women (N = 4,778) and men (N = 1,919) and compared with observed fracture outcomes to 10 years (Kaplan-Meier method). Cox proportional hazard models were used to investigate the contribution of individual FRAX variables.\n\nResults: Mean overall 10-year FRAX probability with BMD for major osteoporotic fractures was not significantly different from the observed value in men [predicted 5.4% vs. observed 6.4% (95%CI 5.2-7.5%)] and only slightly lower in women [predicted 10.8% vs. observed 12.0% (95%CI 11.0-12.9%)]. FRAX was well calibrated for hip fracture assessment in women [predicted 2.7% vs. observed 2.7% (95%CI 2.2-3.2%)] but underestimated risk in men [predicted 1.3% vs. observed 2.4% (95%CI 1.7-3.1%)]. FRAX with BMD showed better fracture discrimination than FRAX without BMD or BMD alone. Age, body mass index, prior fragility fracture and femoral neck BMD were significant independent predictors of major osteoporotic fractures; sex, age, prior fragility fracture and femoral neck BMD were significant independent predictors of hip fractures.\n\nConclusion: The Canadian FRAX tool provides predictions consistent with observed fracture rates in Canadian women and men, thereby providing a valuable tool for Canadian clinicians assessing patients at risk of fracture.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Osteoporos Int"}}},"pageStart":"829","pageEnd":"837","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-010-1465-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37401883"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00198-010-1465-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21161508"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37401883"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-of-congenital-heart-defects-associated-with-assisted-reproductive-technolog-fpu8xmec/","name":"Risk of congenital heart defects associated with assisted reproductive technologies: a population-based evaluation","headline":"Risk of congenital heart defects associated with assisted reproductive technologies: a population-based evaluation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-of-congenital-heart-defects-associated-with-assisted-reproductive-technolog-fpu8xmec/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Tararbit K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Houyel L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bonnet D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"De Vigan C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lelong N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Francois Goffinet","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9643-0299","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Paris Cité","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05f82e368"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Babak Khoshnood","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4031-4915","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Maternité Port Royal","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x72gm71"}}],"datePublished":"2010-12-07","abstract":"Aims: To estimate the risk of congenital heart defects (CHD) associated with assisted reproductive technologies (ART).Methods and resultsWe used data from the Paris Registry of Congenital Malformations on 5493 cases of CHD and 3847 malformed controls for which no associations with ART were reported in the literature. Assisted reproductive technologies included inductors of ovulation only, in vitro fertilization, and intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Exposure to ART was higher for cases than controls (4.7 vs. 3.6%, P= 0.008) and was associated with a 40% increase in the maternal age, socioeconomic factors, and year of birth-adjusted odds of CHD without chromosomal abnormalities [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.4, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1-1.7]. Assisted reproductive technologies were specifically associated with significant increases in the odds of malformations of the outflow tracts and ventriculoarterial connections (adjusted OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.2-2.4) and of cardiac neural crest defects and double outlet right ventricle (adjusted OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.1-2.7). In general, we found specific associations between methods of ART and subcategories of CHD.\n\nConclusion: Cases with CHD were more likely to have been conceived following ART when compared with malformed controls. This higher risk for CHD varied specifically according to the method of ART and the type of CHD and may be due to ART per se and/or the underlying infertility of couples.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European Heart Journal"}}},"pageStart":"500","pageEnd":"508","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehq440","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/eurheartj/ehq440"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluating-the-effect-of-magnesium-and-magnesium-plus-vitamin-b6-supplement-on-t-g3qfxy8e/","name":"Evaluating the effect of magnesium and magnesium plus vitamin B6 supplement on the severity of premenstrual syndrome","headline":"Evaluating the effect of magnesium and magnesium plus vitamin B6 supplement on the severity of premenstrual syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluating-the-effect-of-magnesium-and-magnesium-plus-vitamin-b6-supplement-on-t-g3qfxy8e/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Fathizadeh N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ebrahimi E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Valiani M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tavakoli N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yar MH"}],"datePublished":"2010-12-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Since premenstrual syndrome (PMS) can cause suicide, dissociation of familial relationships, abnormalities in the daily work and inter-personal relationships in the patients, and bring about direct and indirect economic burden for the society, it is important to resolve the problems of the patients. The objective of the current study is to determine the effect of magnesium (Mg), combination of vitamin B6 and Mg, and the placebo on the severity of PMS in the patients affected by the disease referred to the health centers of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences during 2009-2010.\n\nMETHODS: The participants were randomly assigned to two intervention groups and one control group. The study was carried out for four months in ten selected health centers in Isfahan. To confirm the PMS diagnosis in patients, they were asked to fill out the PMS daily symptom record form for two months and then, when the diagnosis was confirmed, the participants were randomly assigned to one of the three groups of the study (Mg, Mg plus vitamin B6, and placebo). Medical intervention was carried out in two menstrual cycles and the results of pre- and post-test were compared.\n\nRESULTS: After the intervention, the mean score of PMS significantly decreased in all the three groups (p < 0.05). The decrease was the greatest in the Mg plus vitamin B6 group, and was the least in the placebo group.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: The findings indicated that Mg plus vitamin B6 and placebo has the greatest and the least effect on the mean score of PMS, respectively.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"Suppl 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Iranian journal of nursing and midwifery research"}}},"pageStart":"401","pageEnd":"5","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35529861","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22069417"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35529861"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancy-outcome-at-extremely-advanced-maternal-age-vee1a7s2/","name":"Pregnancy outcome at extremely advanced maternal age","headline":"Pregnancy outcome at extremely advanced maternal age","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancy-outcome-at-extremely-advanced-maternal-age-vee1a7s2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yogev Y"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Melamed N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bardin R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kinneret Tenenbaum-Gavish","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rabin Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01vjtf564"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ben-Shitrit G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ben-Haroush A"}],"datePublished":"2010-12-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate pregnancy outcome in women at extremely advanced maternal age (≥ 45 years).\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: We compared the condition of women aged ≥ 45 years (n = 177) in a 10:1 ratio (20-29, 30-39, and 40-44 years.). Subgroup analysis compared the condition of women aged 45-49 years with those women aged ≥ 50 years.\n\nRESULTS: The rates of gestational diabetes mellitus and hypertensive complications were higher for the study group, compared with the whole group (17.0% vs 5.6% and 19.7% vs 4.5%, respectively; P < .001), as was the rate of preterm delivery at <37 and <34 weeks of gestation (odds ratio [OR], 2.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2-3.6 and OR, 3.5; 95% CI, 1.4-9.0, respectively). The rates of cesarean delivery (OR, 31.8; 95% CI, 18.0-56.1), placenta previa, postpartum hemorrhage, and adverse neonatal outcome were significantly higher among the study group. The risk for gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia toxemia, preterm delivery, and neonatal intensive care unit admission was increased for women aged ≥ 50 years.\n\nCONCLUSION: Pregnancy at extreme advanced maternal age is associated with increased maternal and fetal risk.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"203","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American journal of obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"558.e1-7","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2010.07.039","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46329610"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ajog.2010.07.039"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20965486"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46329610"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/insulin-resistancehyperinsulinemia-and-reproductive-disorders-in-infertile-women-ydf3cpma/","name":"Insulin resistance/hyperinsulinemia and reproductive disorders in infertile women","headline":"Insulin resistance/hyperinsulinemia and reproductive disorders in infertile women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/insulin-resistancehyperinsulinemia-and-reproductive-disorders-in-infertile-women-ydf3cpma/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sakumoto T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tokunaga Y"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tanaka H","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3643-0021"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nohara M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Motegi E","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2320-1329"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nakaza A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Higashi M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4264-1503"}],"datePublished":"2010-12-01","abstract":"Obesity, which disturbs lipid and glucose metabolism, is a recent medical concern. It threatens human health and also has adverse effects on reproductive functions by causing insulin resistance/hyperinsulinemia, especially in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). For PCOS patients to prevent these adverse effects, it is important to take into account improving their lifestyles by exercise and proper diets. The relationship between insulin resistance/hyperinsulinemia and reproductive disorders should be understood as fully as possible in order to provide effective treatment. It is well known that insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinemia can be triggered by obesity with visceral fat accumulation. Hyperinsulinemia affects granulosa cells in small follicles and theca cells. This condition induces early response to luteinizing hormones on granulosa cells of small follicles and causes premature differentiation of these cells, which eventually results in anovulation. For improvement of anovulation because of hyperinsulinemia, insulin-sensitizing agents (biguanide and thiazolidinedione derivatives) are useful. Hyperinsulinemia may adversely affect the endometrial functions and environment, and evoke implantation disturbance. Treatment with an insulin-sensitizing agent (metformin) improves the levels of glycodelin, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1, and blood flow in spiral arteries during the peri-implantation period. It supports endometrial function, improves the endometrial environment, and facilitates embryo implantation. The rate of early pregnancy loss during the first trimester is 30-50% in women with PCOS, which is threefold higher than for normal women. Metformin treatment improves the levels of insulin, the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance, and plasminogen activator inhibitor activity, and decreases early pregnancy loss. It goes without saying that lifestyle change is fundamental for improving reproductive performance in addition to treatment with insulin-sensitizing agents.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproductive medicine and biology"}}},"pageStart":"185","pageEnd":"190","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s12522-010-0062-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55035050"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s12522-010-0062-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"29699342"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q55035050"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effectiveness-of-delayedrelease-doxylamine-and-pyridoxine-for-nausea-and-vomitin-a2znujde/","name":"Effectiveness of delayed-release doxylamine and pyridoxine for nausea and vomiting of pregnancy: a randomized placebo controlled trial","headline":"Effectiveness of delayed-release doxylamine and pyridoxine for nausea and vomiting of pregnancy: a randomized placebo controlled trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effectiveness-of-delayedrelease-doxylamine-and-pyridoxine-for-nausea-and-vomitin-a2znujde/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"G Koren","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2275-0713"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarah Clark","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Mark's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05am5g719"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hankins GD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Steve N Caritis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2169-0712","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pittsburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Menachem Miodovnik","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Umans JG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Donald R. Mattison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5623-0874","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Ottawa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03c4mmv16"}}],"datePublished":"2010-12-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of Diclectin (doxylamine succinate 10 mg-pyridoxine hydrochloride 10 mg, delayed-release preparation) as compared with placebo for nausea and vomiting of pregnancy.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: A randomized, double-blind, multicenter placebo controlled trial studying pregnant women suffering from nausea and vomiting of pregnancy, analyzed by intention to treat. Women received Diclectin (n = 131) or placebo (n = 125) for 14 days. Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy symptoms were evaluated daily using the pregnancy unique quantification of emesis scale.\n\nRESULTS: Diclectin use resulted in a significantly larger improvement in symptoms of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy compared with placebo based on both the pregnancy unique quantification of emesis score (-4.8 ± 2.7 vs -3.9 ± 2.6; P = .006) and quality of life. After the trial, 64 (48.9%) women receiving Diclectin asked to continue compassionate use of their medication, as compared with 41 (32.8%) of placebo-treated women (P = .009).\n\nCONCLUSION: Diclectin delayed release formulation of doxylamine succinate and pyridoxine hydrochloride is effective and well tolerated in treating nausea and vomiting of pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"203","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American journal of obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"571.e1-7","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2010.07.030","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29400587"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ajog.2010.07.030"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20843504"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q29400587"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/longitudinal-study-of-insulin-resistance-and-sex-hormones-over-the-menstrual-cyc-qzelwdea/","name":"Longitudinal study of insulin resistance and sex hormones over the menstrual cycle: the BioCycle Study","headline":"Longitudinal study of insulin resistance and sex hormones over the menstrual cycle: the BioCycle Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/longitudinal-study-of-insulin-resistance-and-sex-hormones-over-the-menstrual-cyc-qzelwdea/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Edwina H Yeung","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3851-2613","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cuilian Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3721-8586","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Henan Provincial People's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03f72zw41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunni L Mumford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0133-3176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aijun Ye","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1701-7111","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maurizio Trevisan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5479-0050","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"City College of New York","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wmhkr98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lihui Chen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04kx2sy84"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard W Browne","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7685-1608","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University at Buffalo, State University of New York","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Wactawski-Wende","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3096-9595","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Enrique F Schisterman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}}],"datePublished":"2010-12-01","abstract":"CONTEXT: Conflicting findings have been reported regarding the effect of menstrual cycle phase and sex hormones on insulin sensitivity.\n\nOBJECTIVE: The aim was to determine the pattern of insulin resistance over the menstrual cycle and whether variations in sex hormones explain these patterns.\n\nDESIGN: The BioCycle study is a longitudinal study that measured hormones at different phases of the menstrual cycle. Participants had up to eight visits per cycle; each visit was timed using fertility monitors to capture sensitive windows of hormonal changes.\n\nSETTING: The study was conducted in the general community of the University at Buffalo (Buffalo, NY).\n\nPARTICIPANTS: A total of 257 healthy, premenopausal women (age, 27±8 yr; body mass index, 24±4 kg/m2) participated in the study.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: We measured fasting insulin, glucose, and insulin resistance by the homeostasis model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR).\n\nRESULTS: Significant changes in HOMA-IR were observed over the menstrual cycle; from a midfollicular phase level of 1.35, levels rose to 1.59 during the early luteal phase and decreased to 1.55 in the late-luteal phase. HOMA-IR levels primarily reflected changes in insulin and not glucose. After adjustment for age, race, cycle, and other sex hormones, HOMA-IR was positively associated with estradiol (β=0.082; P<0.001) and progesterone (β=0.025; P<0.001), and inversely associated with FSH (adjusted β=-0.040; P<0.001) and SHBG (β=-0.085; P<0.001). LH was not associated with HOMA-IR. Further adjustment for BMI weakened the association with SHBG (β=-0.057; P=0.06) but did not affect other associations.\n\nCONCLUSION: Insulin exhibited minor menstrual cycle variability. Estradiol and progesterone were positively associated with insulin resistance and should be considered in studies of insulin resistance among premenopausal women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"95","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"5435","pageEnd":"42","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2010-0702","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34395402"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jc.2010-0702"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20843950"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34395402"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/laparo-endoscopic-single-site-hysterectomy-in-gynecologic-surgery-recgnz53spndn1zpe/","name":"Laparo-endoscopic single site hysterectomy in gynecologic surgery","headline":"Laparo-endoscopic single site hysterectomy in gynecologic surgery","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/laparo-endoscopic-single-site-hysterectomy-in-gynecologic-surgery-recgnz53spndn1zpe/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sobolewski CJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stuart Hart","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8067-2488","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of South Florida","sameAs":"https://ror.org/032db5x82"}}],"datePublished":"2010-11-18","abstract":"Laparo-endoscopic single site (LESS) surgery has recently gained broader acceptance as a less-invasive approach to traditional multi-port laparoscopic procedures. LESS hysterectomy represents the gynecologic surgeon's progression toward this goal of performing minimally invasive hysterectomy procedures through increasingly fewer incisions. Although this procedure offers improved cosmesis and potentially decreased post-operative pain, there are also many challenges to adoption of this surgical procedure. LESS hysterectomy is associated with a steep learning curve and the need for the gynecologic surgeon to adopt new technologies and develop a new set of surgical skills. Following the basic principles of LESS surgery is essential for the gynecologic surgeon to safely and efficiently adopt this surgical procedure. Advances in surgical instrumentation will continue to allow surgeons to perform increasingly complex LESS surgical procedures in the future.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"20","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Surgical Technology International"}},"pageStart":"195","pageEnd":"206","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dietary-patterns-and-incident-low-trauma-fractures-in-postmenopausal-women-and-m-rec5qceh7x3mdd7wu/","name":"Dietary patterns and incident low-trauma fractures in postmenopausal women and  men aged ≥ 50 y: a population-based cohort study","headline":"Dietary patterns and incident low-trauma fractures in postmenopausal women and  men aged ≥ 50 y: a population-based cohort study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dietary-patterns-and-incident-low-trauma-fractures-in-postmenopausal-women-and-m-rec5qceh7x3mdd7wu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa Langsetmo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2245-1657","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Hanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tassos Anastassiades","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5805-0364","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tanveer Towheed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8738-9394","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Rheumatology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rtaxr13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S. Morin"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Poliquin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Coordinating Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fzvsb30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nancy Kreiger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan I Barr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8701-7152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2010-11-12","abstract":"Background: Previous research has shown that dietary patterns are related to the risk of several adverse health outcomes, but the relation of these patterns to skeletal fragility is not well understood.\n\nObjective: Our objective was to determine the relation between dietary patterns and incident fracture and possible mediation of this relation by body mass index, bone mineral density, or falls.\nDesign: We performed a retrospective cohort study based on the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study-a randomly selected population-based cohort. We assessed dietary patterns by using self-administered food-frequency questionnaires in year 2 of the study (1997-1999). Our primary outcome was low-trauma fracture occurring before the 10th annual follow-up (2005-2007).\n\nResults: We identified 2 dietary patterns by using factor analysis. The first factor (nutrient dense) was strongly associated with intake of fruit, vegetables, and whole grains. The second factor (energy dense) was strongly associated with intake of soft drinks, potato chips, French fries, meats, and desserts. The nutrient-dense factor was associated with a reduced risk of fracture per 1 SD in men overall [hazard ratio (HR): 0.83; 95% CI: 0.64, 1.08] and in women overall (HR: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.76, 0.98). An age trend (P = 0.03) was observed, which yielded an HR of 0.97 in younger women (age < 70 y) compared with an HR of 0.82 in older women (age ≥ 70 y). The associations were independent of body mass index, bone mineral density, falls, and demographic variables. The energy-dense pattern was not related to fracture.\n\nConclusion: A diet high in vegetables, fruit, and whole grains may reduce the risk of low-trauma fracture, particularly in older women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"93","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"}}},"pageStart":"192","pageEnd":"199","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.110.002956","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37401905"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3945/ajcn.110.002956"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21068350"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37401905"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dehydroepiandrosterone-dhea-reduces-embryo-aneuploidy-direct-evidence-from-preim-grsgc2p4/","name":"Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) reduces embryo aneuploidy: direct evidence from preimplantation genetic screening (PGS)","headline":"Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) reduces embryo aneuploidy: direct evidence from preimplantation genetic screening (PGS)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dehydroepiandrosterone-dhea-reduces-embryo-aneuploidy-direct-evidence-from-preim-grsgc2p4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Norbert Gleicher","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0202-4167","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Foundation for Reproductive Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hp71e29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrea Weghofer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2306-5910","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Human Reproduction","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05avmsq62"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David H. Barad","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7980-2369","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05cf8a891"}}],"datePublished":"2010-11-10","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) has been reported to improve pregnancy chances in women with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR), and to reduce miscarriage rates by 50-80%. Such an effect is mathematically inconceivable without beneficial effects on embryo ploidy. This study, therefore, assesses effects of DHEA on embryo aneuploidy.\n\nMETHODS: In a 1:2, matched case control study 22 consecutive women with DOR, supplemented with DHEA, underwent preimplantation genetic screening (PGS) of embryos during in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles. Each was matched by patient age and time period of IVF with two control IVF cycles without DHEA supplementation (n = 44). PGS was performed for chromosomes X, Y, 13, 16, 18, 21 and 22, and involved determination of numbers and percentages of aneuploid embryos.\n\nRESULTS: DHEA supplementation to a significant degree reduced number (P = 0.029) and percentages (P < 0.001) of aneuploid embryos, adjusted for relevant covariates. Short term supplementation (4-12 weeks) resulted in greatest reduction in aneuploidy (21.6%, 95% CI -2.871-46.031).\n\nDISCUSSION: Beneficial DHEA effects on DOR patients, at least partially, are the likely consequence of lower embryo aneuploidy. DHEA supplementation also deserves investigation in older fertile women, attempting to conceive, where a similar effect, potentially, could positively affect public health.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E"}},"pageStart":"140","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7827-8-140","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21245539"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/1477-7827-8-140"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21067609"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q21245539"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-and-bone-actions-promoting-bone-health-in-women-recablvyxmzj7uelk/","name":"Progesterone and bone: actions promoting bone health in women","headline":"Progesterone and bone: actions promoting bone health in women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-and-bone-actions-promoting-bone-health-in-women-recablvyxmzj7uelk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Vanadin Seifert‐Klauss","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2639-5317","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"TUM Klinikum","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04jc43x05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2010-11-06","abstract":"Estradiol (E(2)) and progesterone (P(4)) collaborate within bone remodelling on resorption (E(2)) and formation (P(4)). We integrate evidence that P(4) may prevent and, with antiresorptives, treat women's osteoporosis. P(4) stimulates osteoblast differentiation in vitro. Menarche (E(2)) and onset of ovulation (P(4)) both contribute to peak BMD. Meta-analysis of 5 studies confirms that regularly cycling premenopausal women lose bone mineral density (BMD) related to subclinical ovulatory disturbances (SODs). Cyclic progestin prevents bone loss in healthy premenopausal women with amenorrhea or SOD. BMD loss is more rapid in perimenopause than postmenopause-decreased bone formation due to P(4) deficiency contributes. In 4 placebo-controlled RCTs, BMD loss is not prevented by P(4) in postmenopausal women with increased bone turnover. However, 5 studies of E(2)-MPA co-therapy show greater BMD increases versus E(2) alone. P(4) fracture data are lacking. P(4) prevents bone loss in preand possibly perimenopausal women; progesterone co-therapy with antiresorptives may increase bone formation and BMD.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2010","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Osteoporosis"}},"pageStart":"845180","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.4061/2010/845180","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34261512"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4061/2010/845180"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21052538"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34261512"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/in-vitro-fertilization-and-preterm-delivery-low-birth-weight-and-admission-to-th-hk4ukcpk/","name":"In vitro fertilization and preterm delivery, low birth weight, and admission to the neonatal intensive care unit: a prospective follow-up study","headline":"In vitro fertilization and preterm delivery, low birth weight, and admission to the neonatal intensive care unit: a prospective follow-up study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/in-vitro-fertilization-and-preterm-delivery-low-birth-weight-and-admission-to-th-hk4ukcpk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Wisborg K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ingerslev HJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"T B Henriksen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6933-8294","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aarhus University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040r8fr65"}}],"datePublished":"2010-11-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To compare the risk of preterm delivery, low birth weight, and admission of the newborn to a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in women pregnant after fertility treatment and subfertile women with the risk in fertile women.\n\nDESIGN: Prospective follow-up study.\n\nSETTING: Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark, 1989-2006.\n\nPATIENT(S): A total of 20,080 liveborn singletons.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): None.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Preterm delivery, low birth weight, and admission of the newborn to a NICU.\n\nRESULT(S): After adjustment we found a statistically significantly increased risk of preterm delivery and very preterm delivery in women who conceived after in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) compared with fertile women. Compared with fertile women, the risk of preterm delivery and very preterm delivery was not statistically significantly different in women pregnant after non-IVF assisted reproductive treatment (non-IVF ART) or subfertile women. We found no association between IVF/ICSI and the risk of low birth weight at term or admittance to the NICU.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): The increased risk of preterm delivery after IVF/ICSI may be due to the fertility treatment or unknown characteristics in the couples who undergo IVF/ICSI.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"94","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"2102","pageEnd":"6","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.01.014","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44025161"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.01.014"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20188361"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44025161"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/construction-and-validation-of-a-simplified-fracture-risk-assessment-tool-for-ca-reclcpguizclwlffj/","name":"Construction and validation of a simplified fracture risk assessment tool for Canadian women and men: results from the CaMos and Manitoba cohorts","headline":"Construction and validation of a simplified fracture risk assessment tool for Canadian women and men: results from the CaMos and Manitoba cohorts","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/construction-and-validation-of-a-simplified-fracture-risk-assessment-tool-for-ca-reclcpguizclwlffj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"William D Leslie","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1056-1691","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02gfys938"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos) Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudie Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5499-2661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa Langsetmo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2245-1657","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa M Lix","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8685-3212","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Saskatchewan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Ioannidis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6956-5737","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher S Kovacs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5219-9993","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John’s, NL, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04haebc03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tanveer Towheed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8738-9394","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Rheumatology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rtaxr13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nancy Kreiger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Hanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert G Josse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-6264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Jamal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4677-6392","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mansoura University"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Kaiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4947-4571","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W P Olszynski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2834-8645","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Saskatchewan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63"}}],"datePublished":"2010-10-22","abstract":"A procedure for creating a simplified version of fracture risk assessment tool (FRAX®) is described. Calibration, fracture prediction, and concordance were compared with the full FRAX tool using two large, complementary Canadian datasets.\nIntroduction: The Canadian Association of Radiologists and Osteoporosis Canada (CAROC) system for fracture risk assessment is based upon sex, age, bone mineral density (BMD), prior fragility fracture, and glucocorticoid use. CAROC does not require computer or web access, and categorizes 10-year major osteoporotic fracture risk as low (<10%), moderate (10-20%), or high (>20%).\n\nMethods: Basal CAROC fracture risk tables (by age, sex, and femoral neck BMD) were constructed from Canadian FRAX probabilities for major osteoporotic fractures (adjusted for prevalent clinical risk factors). We assessed categorization and fracture prediction with the updated CAROC system in the CaMos and Manitoba BMD cohorts.\n\nResults: The new CAROC system demonstrated high concordance with the Canadian FRAX tool for risk category in both the CaMos and Manitoba cohorts (89% and 88%). Ten-year fracture outcomes in CaMos and Manitoba BMD cohorts showed good discrimination and calibration for both CAROC (6.1-6.5% in low-risk, 13.5-14.6% in moderate-risk, and 22.3-29.1% in high-risk individuals) and FRAX (6.1-6.6% in low-risk, 14.4-16.1% in moderate-risk, and 23.4-31.0% in high-risk individuals). Reclassification from the CAROC risk category to a different risk category under FRAX occurred in <5% for low-risk, 20-24% for moderate-risk, and 27-30% for high-risk individuals. Reclassified individuals had 10-year fracture outcomes that were still within or close to the original nominal-risk range..\n\nConclusion: The new CAROC system is well calibrated to the Canadian population and shows a high degree of concordance with the Canadian FRAX tool. The CAROC system provides s a simple alternative when it is not feasible to use the full Canadian FRAX tool.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Osteoporos Int"}}},"pageStart":"1873","pageEnd":"1883","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-010-1445-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37407708"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00198-010-1445-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20967422"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37407708"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adding-the-standard-days-method-to-the-contraceptive-method-mix-in-a-high-preval-rechxu1r2vn1ox8cy/","name":"Adding the Standard Days Method® to the contraceptive method mix in a  high-prevalence setting in Peru","headline":"Adding the Standard Days Method® to the contraceptive method mix in a  high-prevalence setting in Peru","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adding-the-standard-days-method-to-the-contraceptive-method-mix-in-a-high-preval-rechxu1r2vn1ox8cy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marcos Arévalo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5877-4824","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Irit Sinai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2445-7577","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute for Reproductive Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00jt1e157"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Victoria Jennings","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9447-4260","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rosario Panfichi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Instituto Nacional de Salud","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03gx6zj11"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Beth Yeager","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Relief International","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03a2jdp82"}}],"datePublished":"2010-10-22","abstract":"Objective: To determine what contribution the Standard Days Method® (SDM) makes to the contraceptive mix offered by regular health services in areas of Peru where contraceptive prevalence rates (CPR) are already high.\n\nMethods: SDM was added to the family planning methods offered by the Ministry of Health in two provinces in Peru in September 2002. Retrospective interviews were conducted in March-June 2004 with 1 200 women who had chosen SDM as their contraceptive method and had used it for 2-20 months. Data were also obtained from the databases of the participating health services. The evaluation covered SDM demand, whether or not clients were switching to SDM from other modern methods, and SDM continuation and effectiveness.\n\nResults: Demand for SDM stabilized at 6% of all new family planning users. Most users had not been using any reliable contraception at the time they started using SDM. About 89% of those who began using SDM at least 6 months before the interview were still using it at 6 months. The 12-month typical use pregnancy rate was estimated to be around 10.0 per 100 women years.\n\nConclusions: Adding SDM to a program's existing contraceptive method mix can increase coverage even in an already high-CPR setting. Most women who choose SDM do not switch from any other modern family planning method. Continuation compares well with other modern user-directed methods. SDM effectiveness, when offered in regular service delivery circumstances, compares well to efficacy trial findings.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"28","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Revista Panamericana De Salud Publica = Pan American Journal of Public Health"}}},"pageStart":"80","pageEnd":"85","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1590/s1020-49892010000800002","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33724280"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1590/s1020-49892010000800002"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20963273"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33724280"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polycystic-ovary-syndrome-in-the-pediatric-population-rec6befaia2nyfyze/","name":"Polycystic ovary syndrome in the pediatric population","headline":"Polycystic ovary syndrome in the pediatric population","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polycystic-ovary-syndrome-in-the-pediatric-population-rec6befaia2nyfyze/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrew A Bremer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7372-8372","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34"}}],"datePublished":"2010-10-14","abstract":"Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common disorder characterized by hyperandrogenism and disordered gonadotropin secretion, often associated with insulin resistance. The syndrome, which modulates both hormonal and metabolic processes, is the most common endocrinopathy in reproductive-age women and increases a woman's risk of infertility, endometrial pathology, and cardiometabolic disease. As it is currently defined, PCOS most likely encompasses several distinct diseases with similar clinical phenotypes but different underlying pathophysiological processes. However, hyperandrogenism remains the syndrome's clinical hallmark. The clinical manifestations of PCOS often emerge during childhood or in the peripubertal years, suggesting that the syndrome is influenced by fetal programming and/or early postnatal events. However, given that the full clinical spectrum of PCOS does not typically appear until puberty, a \"two-hit\" hypothesis has been proposed: (1) a girl develops hyperandrogenism via one or more of many different potential mechanisms; (2) the preexisting hyperandrogenism subsequently disturbs the hypothalamic–pituitary–ovarian axis, resulting in ovulatory dysfunction and sustained hyperandrogenism. No consensus guidelines exist regarding the diagnosis and management of PCOS in the pediatric population; however, because the syndrome is a diagnosis of exclusion, the clinical evaluation of girls suspected of having PCOS is aimed at excluding other causes of androgen excess and menstrual dysfunction. For the syndrome's management, emphasis is placed on lifestyle and symptom-directed treatment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders"}}},"pageStart":"375","pageEnd":"394","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1089/met.2010.0039","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35075035"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1089/met.2010.0039"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20939704"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35075035"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/types-of-ovarian-activity-in-women-and-their-significance-the-continuum-a-reinte-reci9zoz6ggjdb6lj/","name":"Types of ovarian activity in women and their significance: the continuum (a reinterpretation of early findings)","headline":"Types of ovarian activity in women and their significance: the continuum (a reinterpretation of early findings)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/types-of-ovarian-activity-in-women-and-their-significance-the-continuum-a-reinte-reci9zoz6ggjdb6lj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"James B. Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7414-6809","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Melbourne","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1406-4251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}}],"datePublished":"2010-10-07","abstract":"BACKGROUND: There are many types of ovarian activity that occur in women. This review provides information on the relationship between the hormone values and the degree of biological response to the hormones including the frequency and degree of uterine bleeding. The continuous process is termed the 'Continuum' and is thus similar to other processes in the body.\n\nMETHODS: This review draws on information already published from monitoring ovarian activity by urinary oestrogen and pregnanediol measurements using timed 24-h specimens of urine. Much of the rationalization was derived from 5 to 6 year studies of girls progressing from childhood to adulthood, women progressing through menopause, and the return of fertility post-partum. During these times, all the reported types of ovarian activity were encountered.\n\nRESULTS: All cycle types can be understood in terms of steps in the normal maturation of fertility at the beginning of reproductive life, its return post-partum and its demise at menopause. Each step merges into the next and therefore the sequence is termed the 'Continuum'. Unpredictable movement from fertile to infertile types and back can occur at any time during reproductive life. Stress is a major causative factor. Hormonal definitions for each step, the relevance of the various cycle types in determining fertility and in the initiation of uterine bleeding and the roles of the pituitary hormones in causing them, are presented.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: The findings explain the erratic fertility of women and why ovulation is not always associated with fertility. They provide an understanding of the various types of ovarian activity and their relation to pituitary function, fertility and uterine bleeding.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction Update"}}},"pageStart":"141","pageEnd":"158","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmq040","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34575178"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humupd/dmq040"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20923873"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34575178"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/insulin-and-hyperandrogenism-in-women-with-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-5wtdh6hs/","name":"Insulin and hyperandrogenism in women with polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"Insulin and hyperandrogenism in women with polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/insulin-and-hyperandrogenism-in-women-with-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-5wtdh6hs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Baptiste CG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Battista MC","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9728-3761"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Trottier A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Baillargeon JP","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1336-081X"}],"datePublished":"2010-10-01","abstract":"Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a very common endocrine disorder characterized by chronic anovulation, clinical and/or biochemical hyperandrogenism, and/or polycystic ovaries. But most experts consider that hyperandrogenism is the main characteristic of PCOS. Several theories propose different mechanisms to explain PCOS manifestations: (1) a primary enzymatic default in the ovarian and/or adrenal steroidogenesis; (2) an impairment in gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion that promotes luteal hormone (LH) secretion; or (3) alterations in insulin actions that lead to insulin resistance with compensatory hyperinsulinemia. However, in the past 20 years there has been growing evidence supporting that defects in insulin actions or in the insulin signalling pathways are central in the pathogenesis of the syndrome. Indeed, most women with PCOS are metabolically insulin resistant, in part due to genetic predisposition and in part secondary to obesity. But some women with typical PCOS do not display insulin resistance, which supports the hypothesis of a genetic predisposition specific to PCOS that would be revealed by the development of insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinemia in most, but not all, women with PCOS. However, these hypotheses are not yet appropriately confirmed, and more research is still needed to unravel the true pathogenesis underlying this syndrome. The present review thus aims at discussing new concepts and findings regarding insulin actions in PCOS women and how it is related to hyperandrogenemia.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"122","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1-3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology"}}},"pageStart":"42","pageEnd":"52","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsbmb.2009.12.010","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37355746"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jsbmb.2009.12.010"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20036327"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37355746"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/thyroid-function-and-human-reproductive-health-recwgo03kc5xzlrpn/","name":"Thyroid function and human reproductive health","headline":"Thyroid function and human reproductive health","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/thyroid-function-and-human-reproductive-health-recwgo03kc5xzlrpn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"K Poppe","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5452-4243","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Brugmann","sameAs":"https://ror.org/011apjk30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Glinoer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Pierre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05cmp5q80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G E Krassas","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Forthnet (Greece)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03s3xa281"}}],"datePublished":"2010-10-01","abstract":"Via its interaction in several pathways, normal thyroid function is important to maintain normal reproduction. In both genders, changes in SHBG and sex steroids are a consistent feature associated with hyper- and hypothyroidism and were already reported many years ago. Male reproduction is adversely affected by both thyrotoxicosis and hypothyroidism. Erectile abnormalities have been reported. Thyrotoxicosis induces abnormalities in sperm motility, whereas hypothyroidism is associated with abnormalities in sperm morphology; the latter normalize when euthyroidism is reached. In females, thyrotoxicosis and hypothyroidism can cause menstrual disturbances. Thyrotoxicosis is associated mainly with hypomenorrhea and polymenorrhea, whereas hypothyroidism is associated mainly with oligomenorrhea. Thyroid dysfunction has also been linked to reduced fertility. Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation leads to important increases in estradiol, which in turn may have an adverse effect on thyroid hormones and TSH. When autoimmune thyroid disease is present, the impact of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation may become more severe, depending on preexisting thyroid abnormalities. Autoimmune thyroid disease is present in 5-20% of unselected pregnant women. Isolated hypothyroxinemia has been described in approximately 2% of pregnancies, without serum TSH elevation and in the absence of thyroid autoantibodies. Overt hypothyroidism has been associated with increased rates of spontaneous abortion, premature delivery and/or low birth weight, fetal distress in labor, and perhaps gestation-induced hypertension and placental abruption. The links between such obstetrical complications and subclinical hypothyroidism are less evident. Thyrotoxicosis during pregnancy is due to Graves' disease and gestational transient thyrotoxicosis. All antithyroid drugs cross the placenta and may potentially affect fetal thyroid function.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"31","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Endocrine reviews"}}},"pageStart":"702","pageEnd":"755","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/er.2009-0041","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34122420"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/er.2009-0041"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20573783"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34122420"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/using-the-same-bone-density-reference-database-for-men-and-women-provides-a-simp-rechouir4wzlbrt8v/","name":"Using the same bone density reference database for men and women provides a simpler estimation of fracture risk","headline":"Using the same bone density reference database for men and women provides a simpler estimation of fracture risk","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/using-the-same-bone-density-reference-database-for-men-and-women-provides-a-simp-rechouir4wzlbrt8v/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa Langsetmo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2245-1657","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"William D Leslie","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1056-1691","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02gfys938"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wei Zhou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5461-3617","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher S Kovacs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5219-9993","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John’s, NL, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04haebc03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W P Olszynski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2834-8645","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Saskatchewan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tassos Anastassiades","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5805-0364","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tanveer Towheed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8738-9394","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Rheumatology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rtaxr13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephanie Kaiser"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nancy Kreiger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"CaMOS Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Hanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Shawn Davison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8123-7680","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert G Josse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-6264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}}],"datePublished":"2010-10-01","abstract":"Although low bone mineral density (BMD) predicts fractures, there are postulated sex differences in the fracture \"threshold.\" Some studies demonstrate a higher mean BMD for men with fractures than for women, whereas others note similar absolute risk at the same level of BMD. Our objective was to test the preceding observations in the population-based Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMOS). We included participants 50+ years of age at baseline. Mean BMD in men was higher than in women among both fracture cases and noncases. Three methods of BMD normalization were compared in age-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models. In a model using the same reference population mean and standard deviation (SD), there were strong effects of age and total-hip BMD for prediction of fractures but no significant effect of sex [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.97, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.78-1.20] for men versus women. In a model using sex-specific reference means but a common SD, an apparent sex difference emerged (HR = 0.66, 95% CI 0.54-0.81) for men versus women. The sex term in the second model counterbalanced the higher risk introduced by the lower normalized BMD in men. A third model using sex-specific reference means and SDs gave nearly identical results. Parallel results for the three methods of normalization were seen when adjusting for clinical risk factors, excluding antiresorptive users and considering death as a competing risk. We conclude that no adjustment for sex is necessary when using common reference data for both men and women, whereas using sex-specific reference data requires a substantial secondary adjustment for sex.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"25","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"J Bone Miner Res"}}},"pageStart":"2108","pageEnd":"2114","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.112","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37401907"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/jbmr.112"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20499356"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37401907"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-fertility-index-the-new-validated-endometriosis-staging-system-recxycdcpzh5mzqdi/","name":"Endometriosis fertility index: the new, validated endometriosis staging system","headline":"Endometriosis fertility index: the new, validated endometriosis staging system","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-fertility-index-the-new-validated-endometriosis-staging-system-recxycdcpzh5mzqdi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"G David Adamson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5387-7629","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Endometriosis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01q5m4507"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David J Pasta","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2637-9293","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ovation Fertility","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hrw6q11"}}],"datePublished":"2010-10-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To develop a clinical tool that predicts pregnancy rates (PRs) in patients with surgically documented endometriosis who attempt non-IVF conception.\nDESIGN: Prospective data collection on 579 patients and comprehensive statistical analysis to derive a new staging system--the endometriosis fertility index (EFI)--from data rather than a priori assumptions, followed by testing the EFI prospectively on 222 additional patients for correlation of predicted and actual outcomes.\nSETTING: Private reproductive endocrinology practice.\nPATIENT(S): A total of 801 consecutively diagnosed and treated infertile patients with endometriosis.\nINTERVENTION(S): Surgical diagnosis and treatment followed by non-IVF fertility management.\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The EFI and life table PRs.\nRESULT(S): A statistically significant variable used to create the EFI was the least function score (i.e., the sum of those scores determined intraoperatively after surgical intervention that describe the function of the tube, fimbria, and ovary on both sides). Sensitivity analysis showed that the EFI varies little, even with variation in the assignment of functional scores, and predicted PRs.\nCONCLUSION(S): The EFI is a simple, robust, and validated clinical tool that predicts PRs after endometriosis surgical staging. Its use provides reassurance to those patients with good prognoses and avoids wasted time and treatment for those with poor prognoses.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"94","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1609","pageEnd":"1615","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.09.035","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46526692"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.09.035"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19931076"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46526692"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-of-natural-family-planning-methods-reciafhkaxd5gteu3/","name":"Efficacy of natural family planning methods","headline":"Efficacy of natural family planning methods","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-of-natural-family-planning-methods-reciafhkaxd5gteu3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"The National Catholic Bioethics Center"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Günter Freundl","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82"}}],"datePublished":"2010-10-01","abstract":"This letter to the editor discusses a review article commenting on the efficacy of contraceptive methods. It takes issue with section focused on natural family planning methods (Billings ovulation method calendar methods symptothermal method etc) and finds fault with the authors not differentiating between the various natural methods. It states that if the authors consider it appropriate to differentiate between the various hormonal contraceptives then differentiation between the natural methods is mandatory.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The European journal of contraception & reproductive health care : the official journal of the European Society of Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"380","pageEnd":"382","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.5840/em2019441217","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.5840/em2019441217"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/circadian-clocks-in-the-ovary-v1yku2ss/","name":"Circadian clocks in the ovary","headline":"Circadian clocks in the ovary","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/circadian-clocks-in-the-ovary-v1yku2ss/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sellix MT"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Menaker M"}],"datePublished":"2010-10-01","abstract":"Clock gene expression has been observed in tissues of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. Whereas the contribution of hypothalamic oscillators to the timing of reproductive biology is well known, the role of peripheral oscillators like those in the ovary is less clear. Circadian clocks in the ovary might play a role in the timing of ovulation. Disruption of the clock in ovarian cells or desynchrony between ovarian clocks and circadian oscillators elsewhere in the body may contribute to the onset and progression of various reproductive pathologies. In this paper, we review evidence for clock function in the ovary across a number of species and offer a novel perspective into the role of this clock in normal ovarian physiology and in diseases that negatively affect fertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Trends in endocrinology and metabolism: TEM"}}},"pageStart":"628","pageEnd":"36","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tem.2010.06.002","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30430547"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.tem.2010.06.002"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20599392"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q30430547"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/determining-whether-women-with-osteopenic-bone-mineral-density-have-low-moderate-recxtik2ar8fkk9em/","name":"Determining whether women with osteopenic bone mineral density have low, moderate, or high clinical fracture risk","headline":"Determining whether women with osteopenic bone mineral density have low, moderate, or high clinical fracture risk","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/determining-whether-women-with-osteopenic-bone-mineral-density-have-low-moderate-recxtik2ar8fkk9em/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa Langsetmo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2245-1657","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S. Morin"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher S Kovacs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5219-9993","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John’s, NL, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04haebc03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nancy Kreiger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W P Olszynski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2834-8645","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Saskatchewan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandra Papaioannou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9412-0932","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Hanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert G Josse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-6264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sophie A Jamal","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}}],"datePublished":"2010-09-01","abstract":"Objective: Most low-trauma fractures occur among women with osteopenic bone mineral density (BMD), a population considered to have moderate absolute fracture risk. Our purpose was to refine the fracture risk prediction in women with osteopenic BMD to determine the subgroups at lowest and highest risk.\n\nMethods: We included 2,588 women aged 50 to 90 years with osteopenic BMD (femoral neck BMD between -1 and -2.5) participating in the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study, an ongoing prospective cohort study of randomly selected Canadians. Baseline variables, in addition to known risk factors, age, and BMD, were considered for inclusion in a model for the prediction of 5-year absolute risk of low-trauma fracture. Models were derived using logistic regression and assessed by the Bayesian Information Criterion.\n\nResults: We found an increased fracture risk among those with lower BMD (odds ratio [OR], 1.53; 95% CI, 1.06-2.21) for each decrease in femoral neck T score (eg, from -1 to -2), those with prior low-trauma fracture (OR, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.46-2.92), those with self-reported worse general health (OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.15-1.59) for each lower category (categories: excellent, very good, good, fair, poor), and those with height loss (OR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.16-1.90) for each 5-cm difference between current and maximal height. The new model had yielded a better risk stratification than did a model with World Health Organization risk factors.\n\nConclusions: Including risk factors such as general health and height loss can be used to provide a highly effective assessment of fracture risk among women with osteopenic BMD.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Menopause"}}},"pageStart":"1010","pageEnd":"1016","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/gme.0b013e3181da4b7d","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35841869"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/gme.0b013e3181da4b7d"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20555289"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35841869"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/peak-bone-mass-from-longitudinal-data-implications-for-the-prevalence-pathophysi-reckdi3qd5inafz15/","name":"Peak bone mass from longitudinal data: implications for the prevalence, pathophysiology, and diagnosis of osteoporosis","headline":"Peak bone mass from longitudinal data: implications for the prevalence, pathophysiology, and diagnosis of osteoporosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/peak-bone-mass-from-longitudinal-data-implications-for-the-prevalence-pathophysi-reckdi3qd5inafz15/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudie Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5499-2661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa Langsetmo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2245-1657","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nancy Kreiger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alan Tenenhouse","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Hanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"and the CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stuart A Jackson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8856-2248","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alberta","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Shawn Davison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8123-7680","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lawrence Joseph","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3321-0587","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert G Josse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-6264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}}],"datePublished":"2010-09-01","abstract":"We estimated peak bone mass (PBM) in 615 women and 527 men aged 16 to 40 years using longitudinal data from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos). Individual rates of change were averaged to find the mean rate of change for each baseline age. The age range for PBM was defined as the period during which bone mineral density (BMD) was stable. PBM was estimated via hierarchical models, weighted according to 2006 Canadian Census data. Lumbar spine PBM (1.046 ± 0.123 g/cm(2)) occurred at ages 33 to 40 years in women and at 19 to 33 years in men (1.066 ± 0.129 g/cm(2)). Total hip PBM (0.981 ± 0.122 g/cm(2)) occurred at ages 16 to 19 years in women and 19 to 21 years in men (1.093 ± 0.169 g/cm(2)). Analysis of Canadian geographic variation revealed that the levels of PBM and of mean BMD in those over age 65 sometimes were discordant, suggesting that PBM and subsequent rates of bone loss may be subject to different genetic and/or environmental influences. Based on our longitudinally estimated PBM values, the estimated Canadian prevalences of osteoporosis (T-score < -2.5) were 12.0% (L(1)-L(4)) and 9.1% (total hip) in women aged 50 years and older and 2.9% (L(1)-L(4)) and 0.9% (total hip) in men aged 50 years and older. These were higher than prevalences using cross-sectional PBM data. In summary, we found that the age at which PBM is achieved varies by sex and skeletal site, and different reference values for PBM lead to different estimates of the prevalence of osteoporosis. Furthermore, lack of concordance of PBM and BMD over age 65 suggests different determinants of PBM and subsequent bone loss.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"25","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"J Bone Miner Res"}}},"pageStart":"1948","pageEnd":"1957","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.95","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33586362"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/jbmr.95"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20499378"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33586362"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptive-use-and-breast-cancer-a-prospective-study-of-young-women-recolwoprlmaq1nqj/","name":"Oral contraceptive use and breast cancer: a prospective study of young women","headline":"Oral contraceptive use and breast cancer: a prospective study of young women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptive-use-and-breast-cancer-a-prospective-study-of-young-women-recolwoprlmaq1nqj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"David J Hunter","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3197-752X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Graham A Colditz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7307-0291","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan E Hankinson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9155-3767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Donna Spiegelman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4006-4650","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Michaels Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02459py43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Weixuan Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8886-7351","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01mv9t934"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Walter C Willett","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan Malspeis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Meir J Stampfer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8865-935X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}}],"datePublished":"2010-08-31","abstract":"Background: Previous studies convincingly showed an increase in risk of breast cancer associated with current or recent use of oral contraceptives from the 1960s to 1980s. The relation of contemporary oral contraceptive formulations to breast cancer risk is less clear.\n\nMethods: We assessed lifetime oral contraceptive use and the specific formulations used among 116,608 female nurses ages 25 to 42 years at enrollment in 1989, and subsequently updated this information every 2 years. We related this information to risk of breast cancer up to June 1, 2001.\n\nResults: During 1,246,967 person-years of follow-up, 1,344 cases of invasive breast cancer were diagnosed. Past use of any oral contraceptive was not related to breast cancer risk [multivariate relative risk (RR), 1.12; 95% confidence interval 0.95-1.33]. Current use of any oral contraceptive was related to a marginally significant higher risk (multivariate RR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.03-1.73). One specific formulation substantially accounted for the excess risk: the RR for current use of triphasic preparations with levonorgestrel as the progestin was 3.05 (95% CI, 2.00-4.66; P < 0.0001).\n\nConclusions: Current use of oral contraceptives carries an excess risk of breast cancer. Levonorgestrel used in triphasic preparations may account for much of this elevation in risk. IMPACT: Different oral contraceptive formulations might convey different risks of breast cancer; ongoing monitoring of these associations is necessary as oral contraceptive formulations change.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention : a Publication of the American  Association for Cancer Research, Cosponsored by the American Society of  Preventive Oncology"}}},"pageStart":"2496","pageEnd":"2502","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-10-0747","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34134707"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-10-0747"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20802021"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34134707"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-physicians-knowledge-attitudes-and-practice-recilk5rzmcugnh7y/","name":"Natural family planning: physicians' knowledge, attitudes, and practice","headline":"Natural family planning: physicians' knowledge, attitudes, and practice","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-physicians-knowledge-attitudes-and-practice-recilk5rzmcugnh7y/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sherry Kit Wa Chan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2712-5826","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ellen Wiebe","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1049-9912","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sherry Chan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2174-0257"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joyce Choi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3128-5179","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2010-08-17","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To assess physicians' knowledge, attitudes, and practice with respect to four evidence-based natural family planning (NFP)\n\nmethods: Standard Days, cervical mucus, basal body temperature, and the lactational amenorrhea method.\n\nMETHODS: We undertook a cross-sectional survey of a random sample of family physicians and all gynaecologists in British Columbia (n = 460) who have women of reproductive age in their practice, as well as all affiliated residents (n = 239). Main outcome measures were (1) physicians' attitudes towards NFP and their perceptions of its effectiveness; (2) the relationship between physicians' demographic factors, their personal experience or beliefs, and their attitudes and knowledge; and (3) how these factors affect the counselling physicians offer their patients.\n\nRESULTS: The survey response rate was 44%. Only 3% to 6% of physicians had correct knowledge of the effectiveness in perfect use of the NFP methods cited in this study. Fifty percent of physicians who responded mention NFP to their patients as an option for contraception, and 77% of physicians mention NFP as an option to couples trying to conceive. Family physicians and residents were much more likely than gynaecologists or gynaecology residents to mention NFP during counselling. Older physicians were more likely to mention NFP than younger physicians and also had more personal experience with NFP.\n\nCONCLUSION: Most physicians in our study underestimated the effectiveness of NFP methods, and only a small proportion of physicians provide information about NFP during contraceptive counselling. Physicians need better understanding of modern methods of NFP to provide evidence-based contraceptive counselling to selected highly motivated patients who prefer NFP as a contraceptive choice.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada : JOGC = Journal D'obstetrique Et  Gynecologie Du Canada : JOGC"}}},"pageStart":"673","pageEnd":"678","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s1701-2163(16)34571-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48189980"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s1701-2163(16)34571-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20707956"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q48189980"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/maca-l-meyenii-for-improving-sexual-function-a-systematic-review-w8agpeez/","name":"Maca (L. meyenii) for improving sexual function: a systematic review","headline":"Maca (L. meyenii) for improving sexual function: a systematic review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/maca-l-meyenii-for-improving-sexual-function-a-systematic-review-w8agpeez/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Shin BC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lee MS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yang EJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lim HS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Ernst","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9474-0314","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aarhus University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040r8fr65"}}],"datePublished":"2010-08-06","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Maca (Lepidium meyenii) is an Andean plant of the brassica (mustard) family. Preparations from maca root have been reported to improve sexual function. The aim of this review was to assess the clinical evidence for or against the effectiveness of the maca plant as a treatment for sexual dysfunction.\n\nMETHODS: We searched 17 databases from their inception to April 2010 and included all randomised clinical trials (RCTs) of any type of maca compared to a placebo for the treatment of healthy people or human patients with sexual dysfunction. The risk of bias for each study was assessed using Cochrane criteria, and statistical pooling of data was performed where possible. The selection of studies, data extraction, and validations were performed independently by two authors. Discrepancies were resolved through discussion by the two authors.\n\nRESULTS: Four RCTs met all the inclusion criteria. Two RCTs suggested a significant positive effect of maca on sexual dysfunction or sexual desire in healthy menopausal women or healthy adult men, respectively, while the other RCT failed to show any effects in healthy cyclists. The further RCT assessed the effects of maca in patients with erectile dysfunction using the International Index of Erectile Dysfunction-5 and showed significant effects.\n\nCONCLUSION: The results of our systematic review provide limited evidence for the effectiveness of maca in improving sexual function. However, the total number of trials, the total sample size, and the average methodological quality of the primary studies were too limited to draw firm conclusions. More rigorous studies are warranted.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMC complementary and alternative medicine"}},"pageStart":"44","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-10-44","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24626601"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/1472-6882-10-44"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20691074"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q24626601"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/thyroid-and-obesity-an-intriguing-relationship-rechzinnnb8isle51/","name":"Thyroid and obesity: an intriguing relationship","headline":"Thyroid and obesity: an intriguing relationship","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/thyroid-and-obesity-an-intriguing-relationship-rechzinnnb8isle51/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bernadette Biondi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8360-4464","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Naples Federico II","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05290cv24"}}],"datePublished":"2010-08-06","abstract":"This population-based study suggests that use of DMPA is associated with a slightly increased risk of fractures.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"95","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"3614","pageEnd":"3617","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2010-1245","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84664722"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jc.2010-1245"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20685890"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q84664722"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fragility-fractures-and-the-osteoporosis-care-gap-in-women-the-canadian-multicen-reclsbx5rnkahkbih/","name":"Fragility fractures and the osteoporosis care gap in women: the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study","headline":"Fragility fractures and the osteoporosis care gap in women: the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fragility-fractures-and-the-osteoporosis-care-gap-in-women-the-canadian-multicen-reclsbx5rnkahkbih/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa-Ann Fraser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1304-8893","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Western University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02grkyz14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"the CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Ioannidis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6956-5737","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephanie M Kaiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7183-5754","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tassos Anastassiades","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5805-0364","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert G Josse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-6264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandra Papaioannou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9412-0932","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Hanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1406-4251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Pickard","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Joseph's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02cmyty27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Jamal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4677-6392","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mansoura University"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S M Kaiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3222-3711","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W P Olszynski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2834-8645","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Saskatchewan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63"}}],"datePublished":"2010-08-04","abstract":"Canadian women over 50 years old were studied over a 10-year period to see if those who sustained a fracture (caused by minimal trauma) were receiving the recommended osteoporosis therapy. We found that approximately half of these women were not being treated, indicating a significant care gap in osteoporosis treatment.\nIntroduction: Prevalent fragility fracture strongly predicts future fracture. Previous studies have indicated that women with fragility fractures are not receiving the indicated treatment. We aimed to describe post fracture care in Canadian women using a large, population-based prospective cohort that began in 1995-1997.\n\nMethods: We followed 5,566 women over 50 years of age from across Canada over a period of 10 years in the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study. Information on medication use and incident clinical fragility fractures was obtained during a yearly questionnaire or interview and fractures were confirmed by radiographic/medical reports.\n\nResults: Over the 10-year study period, 42-56% of women with yearly incident clinical fragility fractures were not treated with an osteoporosis medication. During year 1 of the study, 22% of the women who had experienced a fragility fracture were on treatment with a bisphosphonate and 26% were on hormone therapy (HT). We were not able to differentiate HT use for menopause symptoms vs osteoporosis. Use of bisphosphonate therapy increased over time; odds ratio (OR) for use at year 10 compared to use at year 1 was 3.65 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.83-7.26). In contrast, HT use declined, with an OR of 0.07 (95%CI 0.02-0.24) at year 10 compared to year 1 of the study.\n\nConclusion: In a large population-based cohort study, we found a therapeutic care gap in women with osteoporosis and fragility fractures. Although bisphosphonate therapy usage improved over time, a substantial gap remains.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Osteoporos Int"}}},"pageStart":"789","pageEnd":"796","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-010-1359-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37401913"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00198-010-1359-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20683706"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37401913"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-of-venous-thromboembolism-and-the-use-of-dienogest--and-drospirenone-contai-recj32zofszkrb1pr/","name":"Risk of venous thromboembolism and the use of dienogest- and  drospirenone-containing oral contraceptives: results from a German case-control  study","headline":"Risk of venous thromboembolism and the use of dienogest- and  drospirenone-containing oral contraceptives: results from a German case-control  study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-of-venous-thromboembolism-and-the-use-of-dienogest--and-drospirenone-contai-recj32zofszkrb1pr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Anita Assmann"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sabine Möhner"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jürgen Dinger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Berlin Center for Epidemiology and Health Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05fzfv584"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thai Do Minh","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Berlin Center for Epidemiology and Health Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05fzfv584"}}],"datePublished":"2010-07-28","abstract":"Objective: The primary objective of the study was to clarify whether the use of the oral contraceptive 2 mg dienogest/30 microg ethinylestradiol (DNG/EE) is associated with a higher risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) than the use of other combined oral low-dose contraceptives (i.e. containing < or =30 microg EE), particularly oral contraceptives containing levonorgestrel (LNG). The secondary objective was to investigate the VTE risk associated with drospirenone/ethinylestradiol (DRSP/EE) in comparison to low-dose LNG/EE.\n\nMethods: This German community-based, case-control study recruited VTE cases from the primary care sector. Eligible cases were women aged 15-49 years with a VTE between January 2002 and February 2008. Four controls (women without a confirmed or potential VTE before the index date) were matched by age and region to each case. Medical information relevant for the assessment of VTE was abstracted from patient charts. Data on personal characteristics of the patients were collected via self-administered questionnaires. At the end of the study a blinded adjudication of the reported VTE was conducted. Conditional logistic regression techniques were used, adjusting for nine potential confounders, including personal history of VTE, family history of VTE, body mass index, duration of current combined oral contraceptive (COC) use and smoking.\n\nResults: A total of 680 VTE cases and 2720 corresponding controls were analysed. The mean age of cases and controls was - as a result of matching - almost identical (36.1 years).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"36","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care"}}},"pageStart":"123","pageEnd":"129","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1783/147118910791749416","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42957867"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1783/147118910791749416"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20659364"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q42957867"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-depot-medroxyprogesterone-acetate-on-postpartum-depression-recjmv3uu0ljjrjyf/","name":"Effect of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate on postpartum depression","headline":"Effect of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate on postpartum depression","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-depot-medroxyprogesterone-acetate-on-postpartum-depression-recjmv3uu0ljjrjyf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan Schaffir","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7660-639X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Ohio State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rita Tsai","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Ohio State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23"}}],"datePublished":"2010-07-27","abstract":"Background: Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) is commonly prescribed to women immediately postpartum due to its efficacy, convenience and lack of estrogen. It is unclear whether administering a progestin injection can affect the course of postpartum depression (PPD), which some suspect to be influenced by hormonal changes. In this retrospective study, the objective was to determine whether DMPA administered immediately postpartum influences the development of PPD.\n\nStudy Design: A retrospective review of a total of 404 charts was conducted of clinic patients who were scheduled for 6-week postpartum visits at a major medical center, where all patients are routinely asked to complete the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). The average scores on the EPDS at these visits were compared between patients who had received DMPA prior to postpartum discharge from the hospital and patients who had not received any hormonal contraception by using an unpaired t test. In addition, the proportions of women diagnosed with PPD via the scale were compared via contingency tables.\n\nResults: Fifty-five women who had received immediate DMPA were compared with 192 women with no hormonal contraception after delivery. The groups were similar in parity, race, mode of delivery and weight, but women receiving DMPA were significantly younger (24.2 vs. 26.2 years, p=.03). Mean EPDS scores at 6 weeks postpartum were not statistically significant between the groups (5.02 vs. 6.17, p=.16). Six patients (10.9%) who received immediate DMPA were diagnosed with PPD based on EPDS scores greater than or equal to 13, while 27 (14.1%) in the comparison group had PPD (p=.88).\n\nConclusion: Administration of DMPA in the immediate postpartum period does not appear to predispose women to PPD.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"82","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"174","pageEnd":"177","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2010.03.004","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37775139"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.contraception.2010.03.004"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20654759"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37775139"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptive-use-and-estrogenprogesterone-receptor-negative-breast-cancer--rectl1nj3gxvexih8/","name":"Oral contraceptive use and estrogen/progesterone receptor-negative breast cancer  among African American women","headline":"Oral contraceptive use and estrogen/progesterone receptor-negative breast cancer  among African American women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptive-use-and-estrogenprogesterone-receptor-negative-breast-cancer--rectl1nj3gxvexih8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lynn Rosenberg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0686-0485","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lauren A Wise","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2138-3752","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts and 2Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center at Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lucile L. Adams‐Campbell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3444-3884","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hjz7x27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Julie R Palmer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6534-335X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035zrb927"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lucile L Adams-Campbell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts and 2Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center at Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Deborah A Boggs","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}}],"datePublished":"2010-07-22","abstract":"Background: Oral contraceptive formulations have changed over time, making it relevant to assess the effect of more recent formulations on breast cancer risk. In addition, some studies have found stronger positive associations of oral contraceptive use with estrogen receptor-negative (ER(-)) than with ER-positive (ER(+)) breast cancer. We carried out the first assessment of the effect of oral contraceptive use on the incidence of breast cancer classified by receptor status among African American women, a group disproportionately affected by ER(-) cancer.\n\nMethods: We followed 53,848 Black Women's Health Study participants from 1995 to 2007 through biennial health questionnaires, in which participants reported information about incident breast cancer, oral contraceptive use, and breast cancer risk factors. Pathology information was obtained on receptor status for 789 incident cases. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were derived from Cox regression models with control for confounding factors.\n\nResults: Ever use of oral contraceptives was more strongly associated with ER(-)PR(-) breast cancer (279 cases; IRR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.19-2.30) than with ER(+)PR(+) cancer (386 cases; IRR, 1.11; 95% CI, 0.86-1.42). The risk of ER(-)PR(-) breast cancer increased with increasing duration of use among recent users.\n\nConclusions: These results indicate that the oral contraceptive formulations used in recent decades increase breast cancer risk in African American women, with a greater effect for ER(-) than ER(+) cancer. IMPACT: Mechanisms to explain the adverse influence of oral contraceptive use on ER(-) breast cancer need to be elucidated.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention : a Publication of the American  Association for Cancer Research, Cosponsored by the American Society of  Preventive Oncology"}}},"pageStart":"2073","pageEnd":"2079","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-10-0428","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34057842"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-10-0428"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20647407"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34057842"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluation-of-methods-and-costs-associated-with-recruiting-healthy-women-volunte-recdhfejl6fg1x5fz/","name":"Evaluation of methods and costs associated with recruiting healthy women  volunteers to a study of ovulation","headline":"Evaluation of methods and costs associated with recruiting healthy women  volunteers to a study of ovulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluation-of-methods-and-costs-associated-with-recruiting-healthy-women-volunte-recdhfejl6fg1x5fz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Shirin Kalyan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7458-0832","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Coastal Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bd8jh67"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elyse Battistella","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Coastal Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bd8jh67"}}],"datePublished":"2010-07-16","abstract":"Objective: We address the crucial and challenging task of anticipating the resources needed to recruit eligible participants for research. We provide our analysis of various recruitment strategies and their cost-effectiveness in our experience in enrolling 610 women for an observational study on ovulation.\n\nMethods: We assess the cost-effectiveness and success of multiple recruitment strategies we employed and provide the estimated cost of labor and materials for each. At enrollment, all participants were asked an open-ended question about how they learned about the study. No financial compensation was provided, but participants received personal hormonal analysis results on completion.\n\nResults: Of the 610 enrolled women, 552 provided information on how they learned about the study. The total cost of recruitment was $7645.11, which includes 183 staff hours. The average recruitment cost per participant was $12.53 (ranging from $0 to $118.63). The two methods with the lowest total costs resulted in enrollment of 48% of the recruitment goal using only 0.3% of the budget. In contrast, the two methods with the highest total costs produced 13% of the participants needed but consumed over 72% of the budget.\n\nConclusions: Low-cost methods are a viable, practical source for attracting healthy women for observational research. Investigators are encouraged to track sources of recruitment and analyze their data at regular intervals during the recruitment phase. Sharing comprehensive recruitment data will assist other researchers to better estimate the resources needed to meet their enrollment goal, leading to more efficient use of time and funding.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Women's Health (2002)"}}},"pageStart":"1519","pageEnd":"1524","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2009.1751","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42667923"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1089/jwh.2009.1751"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20626268"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q42667923"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/is-it-the-patient-or-the-ivf-beckwithwiedemann-syndrome-in-both-spontaneous-and--2ur2vwcw/","name":"Is it the patient or the IVF? Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome in both spontaneous and assisted reproductive conceptions","headline":"Is it the patient or the IVF? Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome in both spontaneous and assisted reproductive conceptions","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/is-it-the-patient-or-the-ivf-beckwithwiedemann-syndrome-in-both-spontaneous-and--2ur2vwcw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Strawn EY"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bick D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Swanson A"}],"datePublished":"2010-07-01","abstract":"Objective: To describe two children diagnosed with Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome (BWS) arising from a spontaneous conception and an assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycle from one patient with a long-standing history of subfertility.\n\nDesign: Case report.\n\nSetting: Academic medical center.Patient(s)Two children with the morphologic features of BWS as a result of a spontaneous conception and an ART cycle from the same patient.Intervention(s)Assisted reproductive technology.Main outcome measure(s)Neonatal and pediatric morphologic evaluation by geneticists.Result(s)Two children with the morphologic features consistent with the criteria for the diagnosis of BWS.Conclusion(s)Patients with subfertility may be carriers for genetic disorders that can be passed to a child with or without the use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART). The use of ART may bypass natural selection mechanisms.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"94","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"754.e1-754.e2","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.01.067","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83908555"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.01.067"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q83908555"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-and-infertility-recf6kk0d0sy1yn2r/","name":"Endometriosis and infertility","headline":"Endometriosis and infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-and-infertility-recf6kk0d0sy1yn2r/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Carlo Bulletti","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8190-9387","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yale University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03v76x132"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria Elisabetta Coccia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5294-129X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Silvia Battistoni","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4646-2425","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marche Polytechnic University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x69rs40"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrea Borini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9049-0020"}],"datePublished":"2010-06-25","abstract":"Endometriosis is a debilitating condition characterized by high recurrence rates. The etiology and pathogenesis remain unclear. Typically, endometriosis causes pain and infertility, although 20-25% of patients are asymptomatic. The principal aims of therapy include relief of symptoms, resolution of existing endometriotic implants, and prevention of new foci of ectopic endometrial tissue. Current therapeutic approaches are far from being curative; they focus on managing the clinical symptoms of the disease rather than fighting the disease. Specific combinations of medical, surgical, and psychological treatments can ameliorate the quality of life of women with endometriosis. The benefits of these treatments have not been entirely demonstrated, particularly in terms of expectations that women hold for their own lives. Although theoretically advantageous, there is no evidence that a combination medical-surgical treatment significantly enhances fertility, and it may unnecessarily delay further fertility therapy. Randomized controlled trials are required to demonstrate the efficacy of different treatments.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"27","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics"}}},"pageStart":"441","pageEnd":"447","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-010-9436-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24606144"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s10815-010-9436-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20574791"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q24606144"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/normative-bone-mineral-density-z-scores-for-canadians-aged-16-to-24-years-the-ca-recdxmue8npuxs1ez/","name":"Normative bone mineral density z-scores for Canadians aged 16 to 24 years: the  Canadian Multicenter Osteoporosis Study","headline":"Normative bone mineral density z-scores for Canadians aged 16 to 24 years: the  Canadian Multicenter Osteoporosis Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/normative-bone-mineral-density-z-scores-for-canadians-aged-16-to-24-years-the-ca-recdxmue8npuxs1ez/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Wei Zhou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5461-3617","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa Langsetmo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2245-1657","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudie Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5499-2661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Ioannidis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6956-5737","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Colin E. Webber","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1679-3750","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephanie A. Atkinson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5680-7546","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W P Olszynski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2834-8645","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Saskatchewan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Hanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nancy Kreiger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Kaiser"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan Kirkland","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8182-2369","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Shawn Davison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8123-7680","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandra Papaioannou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9412-0932","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1406-4251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert G Josse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-6264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}}],"datePublished":"2010-06-18","abstract":"The objectives of the study were to develop bone mineral density (BMD) reference norms and BMD Z-scores at various skeletal sites, to determine whether prior fracture and/or asthma were related to BMD, and to assess possible geographic variation of BMD among Canadian youth aged 16-24 yr. Z-Scores were defined as the number of standard deviations from the mean BMD of a healthy population of the same age, race, and sex. Z-Scores were calculated using the reference sample defined as Canadian Caucasian participants without asthma or prior fracture. Reference standards were created for lumbar spine (L1-L4), femoral neck, total hip, and greater trochanter, by each year of age (16-24 yr), and by sex. The Z-score norms were developed for groups noted earlier. Mean Z-scores between the asthma or fracture subgroups compared with the mean Z-scores in the reference sample were not different. There were minor differences in mean BMD across different Canadian geographic regions. This study provides age, sex, and skeletal site-specific Caucasian reference norms and formulae for the calculation of BMD Z-scores for Canadian youth aged 16-24 yr. This information will be valuable to help to identify individuals with clinically meaningful low BMD.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Clinical Densitometry : the Official Journal of the International  Society for Clinical Densitometry"}}},"pageStart":"267","pageEnd":"276","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocd.2010.04.005","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37407764"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jocd.2010.04.005"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20554232"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37407764"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/increased-pregnancy-loss-rate-in-thyroid-antibody-negative-women-with-tsh-levels-reculphjam60qtljh/","name":"Increased pregnancy loss rate in thyroid antibody negative women with TSH levels between 2.5 and 5.0 in the first trimester of pregnancy","headline":"Increased pregnancy loss rate in thyroid antibody negative women with TSH levels between 2.5 and 5.0 in the first trimester of pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/increased-pregnancy-loss-rate-in-thyroid-antibody-negative-women-with-tsh-levels-reculphjam60qtljh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Roberto Negro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7338-6424","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ospedale Vito Fazzi","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04fvmv716"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alan Schwartz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2759-9346","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Chicago Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0076kfe04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrea Tinelli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8426-8490","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ospedale Vito Fazzi","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04fvmv716"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alex Stagnaro‐Green","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2434-3852","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Touro University California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0556gk990"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Riccardo Gismondi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Casa di Cura Città di Roma","sameAs":"https://ror.org/046ww9q34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tiziana Mangieri","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ospedale Vito Fazzi","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04fvmv716"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alex Stagnaro-Green","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6740-1501","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"International Monetary Fund"}}],"datePublished":"2010-06-11","abstract":"CONTEXT: The definition of what constitutes a normal TSH during pregnancy is in flux. Recent studies suggested that the first trimester upper limit of normal for TSH should be 2.5 mIU/liter.\n\nOBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to evaluate the pregnancy loss and preterm delivery rate in first-trimester thyroid peroxidase antibody-negative women with TSH values between 2.5 and 5.0 mIU/liter.\n\nDESIGN: The present study is a component of a recently published large-scale prospective trial that evaluated the impact of levothyroxine treatment on maternal and neonatal complications in thyroid peroxidase-positive women with TSH levels above 2.5 mIU/liter. The present study evaluated 4123 thyroid peroxidase antibody-negative women with TSH levels at or below 5.0 mIU/liter. Women were divided into two groups based on their initial TSH: group A, TSH level below 2.5 mIU/liter, excluding hyperthyroid women defined as an undetectable TSH with an elevated free T(4), and group B, TSH level between 2.5 and 5.0 mIU/liter.\n\nSETTING: The study was conducted at two ambulatory clinics of community hospitals in southern Italy.\n\nPATIENTS: A total of 4123 women were evaluated.\n\nINTERVENTION: There was no intervention.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The incidence of pregnancy loss and preterm delivery in group A as compared with group B was measured.\n\nRESULTS: The rate of pregnancy loss was significantly higher in group B as compared with group A (6.1 vs. 3.6% respectively, P = 0.006). There was no difference in the rate of preterm delivery between the two groups.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: The increased incidence of pregnancy loss in pregnant women with TSH levels between 2.5 and 5.0 mIU/liter provides strong physiological evidence to support redefining the TSH upper limit of normal in the first trimester to 2.5 mIU/liter.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"95","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"E44-E48","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2010-0340","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43037148"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jc.2010-0340"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20534758"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43037148"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vaginal-microbiome-of-reproductive-age-women-reclhpqco2lkj6yam/","name":"Vaginal microbiome of reproductive-age women","headline":"Vaginal microbiome of reproductive-age women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vaginal-microbiome-of-reproductive-age-women-reclhpqco2lkj6yam/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacques Ravel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-2233","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zaid Abdo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8272-7734","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Idaho","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03hbp5t65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gudrun Schneider","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Idaho","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03hbp5t65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Koenig SS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rebecca M Brotman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8762-6214","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Catherine C Davis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3156-9163","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Procter &amp; Gamble Company, Cincinnati, OH 45224"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kevin A. Ault","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9108-0493","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Emory University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ligia Peralta","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1086-4403","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Larry J Forney","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2448-1219","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Idaho","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03hbp5t65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kevin Ault","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1276-1360","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322;"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pawel Gajer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Reshma Gorle","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shara Karlebach","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Emory University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sara S K Koenig","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stacey L McCulle","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jennifer Russell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2385-1728","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carol O Tacket","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64"}}],"datePublished":"2010-06-11","abstract":"The means by which vaginal microbiomes help prevent urogenital diseases in women and maintain health are poorly understood. To gain insight into this, the vaginal bacterial communities of 396 asymptomatic North American women who represented four ethnic groups (white, black, Hispanic, and Asian) were sampled and the species composition characterized by pyrosequencing of barcoded 16S rRNA genes. The communities clustered into five groups: four were dominated by Lactobacillus iners, L. crispatus, L. gasseri, or L. jensenii, whereas the fifth had lower proportions of lactic acid bacteria and higher proportions of strictly anaerobic organisms, indicating that a potential key ecological function, the production of lactic acid, seems to be conserved in all communities. The proportions of each community group varied among the four ethnic groups, and these differences were statistically significant [χ(2)(10) = 36.8, P < 0.0001]. Moreover, the vaginal pH of women in different ethnic groups also differed and was higher in Hispanic (pH 5.0 ± 0.59) and black (pH 4.7 ± 1.04) women as compared with Asian (pH 4.4 ± 0.59) and white (pH 4.2 ± 0.3) women. Phylotypes with correlated relative abundances were found in all communities, and these patterns were associated with either high or low Nugent scores, which are used as a factor for the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis. The inherent differences within and between women in different ethnic groups strongly argues for a more refined definition of the kinds of bacterial communities normally found in healthy women and the need to appreciate differences between individuals so they can be taken into account in risk assessment and disease diagnosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"108 Suppl 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"Suppl 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"}}},"pageStart":"4680","pageEnd":"4687","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1002611107","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28284755"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1073/pnas.1002611107"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20534435"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28284755"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-systematic-review-of-the-effect-of-oral-antioxidants-on-male-infertility-hg5euyet/","name":"A systematic review of the effect of oral antioxidants on male infertility","headline":"A systematic review of the effect of oral antioxidants on male infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-systematic-review-of-the-effect-of-oral-antioxidants-on-male-infertility-hg5euyet/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ross C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Morriss A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Khairy M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4060-0804"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yacoub Khalaf","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2606-5876","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j161312"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Braude P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arri Coomarasamy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3261-9807","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Birmingham Women’s and Children’s NHS Foundation Trust","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056ajev02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tarek El-Toukhy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3580-6587","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Assisted Conception Unit, Guy’s and St Thomas’ Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"}}],"datePublished":"2010-06-01","abstract":"The use of antioxidants in treatment of infertile men has been suggested, although the evidence base for this practice is unclear. A systematic review of randomized studies was conducted to evaluate the effects of oral antioxidants (vitamins C and E, zinc, selenium, folate, carnitine and carotenoids) on sperm quality and pregnancy rate in infertile men. MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and CINAHL were searched for relevant trials published from respective database inception dates to May 2009. Study selection, quality appraisal and data extraction were performed independently and in duplicate. Seventeen randomized trials, including a total of 1665 men, were identified, which differed in the populations studied and type, dosage and duration of antioxidants used. Only two-thirds of the studies (11/17) reported using allocation concealment and three studies (18%) used intention-to-treat analysis. Despite the methodological and clinical heterogeneity, 14 of the 17 (82%) trials showed an improvement in either sperm quality or pregnancy rate after antioxidant therapy. Ten trials examined pregnancy rate and six showed a significant improvement after antioxidant therapy. The use of oral antioxidants in infertile men could improve sperm quality and pregnancy rates. Adequately powered robust trials of individual and combinations of antioxidants are needed to guide clinical practice.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"20","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproductive biomedicine online"}}},"pageStart":"711","pageEnd":"23","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbmo.2010.03.008","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33551110"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.rbmo.2010.03.008"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20378409"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33551110"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dignitas-personae-and-the-adoption-of-frozen-embryos-a-new-chill-factor-recgzibi27nstavms/","name":"Dignitas personae and the Adoption of Frozen Embryos: A New Chill Factor?","headline":"Dignitas personae and the Adoption of Frozen Embryos: A New Chill Factor?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dignitas-personae-and-the-adoption-of-frozen-embryos-a-new-chill-factor-recgzibi27nstavms/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"John S. Grabowski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4258-9381"},{"@type":"Person","name":"The National Catholic Bioethics Center"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher Gross"}],"datePublished":"2010-06-01","abstract":"The Congregation of the Doctrine of the Faith’s Dignitas personae does­not­offer­a­definitive­rejection­of­the­practice­of­human­embryo­adoption­as­ intrinsically­evil,­but­neither­does­it­simply­leave­the­matter­an­“open­question.”­ The document does indeed oppose the practice, but its reasons for doing so are not­clearly­stated­and­seem­to­be­in­tension­with­its­own­affirmations­of­the­ personal dignity of embryos and the goodness of adoption. The Congregation’s opposition is therefore best read as a prudential judgment that embryo adoption cannot­be­justified­in­the­present­circumstances­due­to­the­potential­for­scandal and the cooperation with the fertility industry which it involves. National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly 10.2­(Summer­2010):­307–328.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The national Catholic bioethics quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"307","pageEnd":"328","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.5840/ncbq201010255","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.5840/ncbq201010255"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/insulin-resistance-obesity-inflammation-and-depression-in-polycystic-ovary-syndr-recdibwewgg90tcam/","name":"Insulin resistance, obesity, inflammation, and depression in polycystic ovary  syndrome: biobehavioral mechanisms and interventions","headline":"Insulin resistance, obesity, inflammation, and depression in polycystic ovary  syndrome: biobehavioral mechanisms and interventions","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/insulin-resistance-obesity-inflammation-and-depression-in-polycystic-ovary-syndr-recdibwewgg90tcam/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kristen A. Farrell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Miami","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02dgjyy92"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael H Antoni","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3971-0873","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Miami","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02dgjyy92"}}],"datePublished":"2010-05-18","abstract":"Objective: To summarize physiological and psychological characteristics that are common among women diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and provide evidence suggesting that addressing psychological disturbances can reduce or alleviate physical symptoms of PCOS through behavioral pathways and physiological pathways. METHOD(S): Empirical studies and expert consensuses pertaining to physiological, psychological, and medical management aspects of PCOS were identified and presented in this review. Articles were identified by searching Pubmed, PsycInfo, Medline ISI, CINAHL, or a Web browser (i.e., Google) using numerous combinations of terms pertaining to physiological, psychological, and medical management aspects of PCOS. An article was chosen to be included in this review if it reported findings and/or provided information that related to and helped support the main purpose(s) of this review article. RESULT(S): Available literature on the physiological (i.e., hyperandrogenism, central obesity, inflammation, insulin resistance) and psychological (i.e., depression, anxiety, eating disorders) factors among women with PCOS provides evidence that these various aspects of PCOS are strongly interrelated. CONCLUSION(S): The existence of these relationships among physiological and psychological factors strongly suggests that medical management of PCOS would greatly benefit from inclusion of psychological and behavioral approaches.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"94","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1565","pageEnd":"1574","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.03.081","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34137763"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.03.081"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20471009"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34137763"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/modulation-of-hiv-1-virulence-via-the-host-glucocorticoid-receptor-towards-furth-rechvzuxcqrkquagc/","name":"Modulation of HIV-1 virulence via the host glucocorticoid receptor: towards  further understanding the molecular mechanisms of HIV-1 pathogenesis","headline":"Modulation of HIV-1 virulence via the host glucocorticoid receptor: towards  further understanding the molecular mechanisms of HIV-1 pathogenesis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/modulation-of-hiv-1-virulence-via-the-host-glucocorticoid-receptor-towards-furth-rechvzuxcqrkquagc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Janet P Hapgood","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4414-4861","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Molecular and Cell Biology University of Cape Town Rondebosch South Africa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03p74gp79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michele Tomasicchio","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2421-7215","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Molecular and Cell Biology University of Cape Town Rondebosch South Africa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03p74gp79"}}],"datePublished":"2010-05-07","abstract":"The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is a steroid receptor that regulates diverse functions, which include the immune response. In humans, the GR acts via binding to cortisol, resulting in the transcriptional modulation of key host genes. Several lines of evidence suggest that the host GR could be a key protein exploited by HIV at multiple levels to ensure its pathogenic success. Endogenous and therapeutic glucocorticoids play important roles in patients with HIV due to their well-established effects on immune function. AIDS patients develop glucocorticoid hypersensitivity, consistent with a mechanism involving an HIV-1-induced increase in expression or activity of the GR. Both the HIV-1 accessory protein Vpr and the host GR affect transcription of viral proteins from the long terminal repeat (LTR) region of the HIV-1 promoter. In addition, Vpr modulates host GR function to affect transcription of host genes, most likely via direct interaction with the GR. Vpr appears to regulate GR function by acting as a co-activator for the GR. Since both the GR and Vpr are involved in apoptosis in T cells and dendritic cells, crosstalk between these proteins may also regulate apoptosis in these and other cells. Given that cortisol is not the only ligand that activates the GR, other endogenous as well as synthetic GR ligands such as progestins may also modulate HIV pathogenesis, in particular in the cervicovaginal environment. Investigating the molecular determinants, ligand-selectivity and role in HIV pathogenesis of the GR-Vpr interaction may lead to new strategies for development of anti-HIV drugs.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"155","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Archives of Virology"}}},"pageStart":"1009","pageEnd":"1019","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-010-0678-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37743265"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00705-010-0678-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20446002"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37743265"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/implications-of-vitamin-d-deficiency-in-pregnancy-and-lactation-ukrurftj/","name":"Implications of vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy and lactation","headline":"Implications of vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy and lactation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/implications-of-vitamin-d-deficiency-in-pregnancy-and-lactation-ukrurftj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mulligan ML"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Felton SK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Riek AE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bernal-Mizrachi C"}],"datePublished":"2010-05-01","abstract":"Vitamin D is an essential fat soluble vitamin and a key modulator of calcium metabolism in children and adults. Because calcium demands increase in the third trimester of pregnancy, vitamin D status becomes crucial for maternal health, fetal skeletal growth, and optimal maternal and fetal outcomes. Vitamin D deficiency is common in pregnant women (5-50%) and in breastfed infants (10-56%), despite the widespread use of prenatal vitamins, because these are inadequate to maintain normal vitamin D levels (>or=32 ng/mL). Adverse health outcomes such as preeclampsia, low birthweight, neonatal hypocalcemia, poor postnatal growth, bone fragility, and increased incidence of autoimmune diseases have been linked to low vitamin D levels during pregnancy and infancy. Studies are underway to establish the recommended daily doses of vitamin D in pregnant women. This review discusses vitamin D metabolism and the implications of vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy and lactation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"202","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American journal of obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"429.e1-9","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2009.09.002","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36520188"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ajog.2009.09.002"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19846050"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36520188"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ivf-and-stillbirth-a-prospective-followup-study-v4st9aan/","name":"IVF and stillbirth: a prospective follow-up study","headline":"IVF and stillbirth: a prospective follow-up study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ivf-and-stillbirth-a-prospective-followup-study-v4st9aan/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Wisborg K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ingerslev HJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"T B Henriksen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6933-8294","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aarhus University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040r8fr65"}}],"datePublished":"2010-05-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Previous studies have indicated that the risk of stillbirth is increased in singleton pregnancies achieved after assisted reproduction technology (ART). However, no previous study fully accounted for factors with potential influence on the risk of stillbirth. Further, whether fertility treatment, the possible reproductive pathology of the infertile couples or other characteristics related to being subfertile may explain a possible association with stillbirth remains unclear. This study compares the risk of stillbirth in women pregnant after fertility treatment (IVF/ICSI and non-IVF ART) and subfertile women with that in fertile women.\n\nMETHODS: We used prospectively collected data from the Aarhus Birth Cohort, Denmark and included information about 20 166 singleton pregnancies (1989-2006). Outcome measure was stillbirth.\n\nRESULTS: The risk of stillbirth in women who conceived after IVF/ICSI was 16.2 per thousand ( per thousand) and in women who conceived after non-IVF ART 2.3 per thousand. In fertile and subfertile women, the risk of stillbirth was 3.7 per thousand and 5.4 per thousand, respectively. Compared with fertile women, women who conceived after IVF/ICSI had more than four times the risk of stillbirth [odds ratio (OR): 4.44, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.38-8.28], and adjustments for maternal age, BMI, education, smoking habits and alcohol and coffee intake during pregnancy had only minor impact on the findings (OR: 4.08; 95% CI: 2.11-7.93). The risk of stillbirth in women who conceived after non-IVF ART and in women who conceived spontaneously with a waiting time to pregnancy of a year or more was not significantly different from the risk in women with a shorter time to pregnancy.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Compared with fertile women, women who conceived by IVF/ICSI had an increased risk of stillbirth that was not explained by confounding. Our results indicate that the increased risk of stillbirth seen after fertility treatment is a result of the fertility treatment or unknown factors pertaining to couples who undergo IVF/ICSI.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"25","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1312","pageEnd":"6","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deq023","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34617070"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/deq023"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20179321"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34617070"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-prospective-exploration-of-cognitive-dietary-restraint-subclinical-ovulatory-d-rectyywvtkj9ccrqi/","name":"A prospective exploration of cognitive dietary restraint, subclinical ovulatory  disturbances, cortisol, and change in bone density over two years in healthy  young women","headline":"A prospective exploration of cognitive dietary restraint, subclinical ovulatory  disturbances, cortisol, and change in bone density over two years in healthy  young women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-prospective-exploration-of-cognitive-dietary-restraint-subclinical-ovulatory-d-rectyywvtkj9ccrqi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan I Barr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8701-7152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jennifer L Bedford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2508-8545","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2010-04-30","abstract":"Context: Cross-sectional studies have found associations among elevated cognitive dietary restraint (CDR), increased ovulatory disturbances, and lower bone mass, possibly mediated by cortisol.\n\nObjective: To determine whether healthy young women with higher CDR have more menstrual cycles with subclinical ovulatory disturbances (SOD), elevated 24-h urinary free cortisol (UFC), and less positive 2-yr areal bone mineral density change (Delta-aBMD). DESIGN, SETTING, AND\n\nParticipants: We conducted a 2-yr longitudinal study of 123 healthy, community-dwelling, nonobese, regularly menstruating women aged 19-35 yr.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Key variables were Three Factor Eating Questionnaire Restraint score, percent of cycles with anvoluation and/or luteal phase length <10 d (%SOD), UFC, and Delta-aBMD at the lumbar spine (L1-L4), total hip, and whole body. Anthropometrics, general stress, physical activity, and energy intake were measured. Adjusting for potential confounders, differences were examined by general linear modeling using median split of CDR score and %SOD.\n\nResults: Women with higher CDR had higher %SOD (56 vs. 34%, P < 0.001) and higher UFC (28.0 vs. 24.0 microg/d, P = 0.021). Delta-aBMD did not differ by CDR. Women with higher %SOD had less positive Delta-aBMD at L1-L4 (0.7 vs. 1.9%, P = 0.034) and hip (-0.6 vs. 0.9%, P = 0.001), and higher CDR score (8.7 vs. 7.1, P = 0.04). Physical activity, general stress, body mass index, and energy intake did not explain differences by CDR or %SOD. UFC was not associated with %SOD or Delta-aBMD.\n\nConclusion: Women with more frequent SOD reported higher CDR and experienced less positive Delta-aBMD. Although women with higher CDR had higher UFC, the mechanism linking CDR, SOD, and aBMD is not clear.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"95","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"3291","pageEnd":"3299","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2009-2497","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43081688"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jc.2009-2497"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20427503"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43081688"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cardiovascular-and-metabolic-effects-of-medroxyprogesterone-acetate-versus-conju-reczhz7vw1lff2a5g/","name":"Cardiovascular and metabolic effects of medroxyprogesterone acetate versus  conjugated equine estrogen after premenopausal hysterectomy with bilateral  ovariectomy","headline":"Cardiovascular and metabolic effects of medroxyprogesterone acetate versus  conjugated equine estrogen after premenopausal hysterectomy with bilateral  ovariectomy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cardiovascular-and-metabolic-effects-of-medroxyprogesterone-acetate-versus-conju-reczhz7vw1lff2a5g/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Shirin Kalyan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7458-0832","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Coastal Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bd8jh67"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sandra Sirrs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1630-651X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Pudek","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6432-263X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine L Hitchcock","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation Research, Division of Endocrinology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2010-04-24","abstract":"STUDY Objective: To compare the cardiovascular and metabolic effects of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) with those of conjugated equine estrogen (CEE) as single-hormone therapies in women who underwent hysterectomy with bilateral ovariectomy.\nDesign: Secondary analysis of a 12-month, double-blind, randomized, parallel-therapy trial.\nSetting: Four teaching hospitals and one community hospital in Vancouver, Canada.\n\nParticipants: Thirty-three healthy women who underwent premenopausal hysterectomy with bilateral ovariectomy.\n\nIntervention: Subjects received either MPA 10 mg/day (18 women) or CEE 0.6 mg/day (15 women) for 12 months, started immediately after hysterectomy with bilateral ovariectomy. MEASUREMENTS AND\n\nMAIN Results: Lipid profiles (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL], total cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, and triglyceride levels), homeostatic measures (hemoglobin A(1c) and fasting blood glucose level), hormone levels (free and bioavailable testosterone, cortisol, sex hormone-binding globulin [SHBG], and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate), inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein [CRP] and serum albumin levels), and anthropometric measures (body mass index [BMI], truncal fat, and total body fat) were assessed over the 12-month period. After 12 months, the women assigned to MPA had lesser increases in BMI (p=0.04), triglyceride (p=0.003), HDL (p<0.0005), SHBG (p<0.0005), total testosterone (p=0.003), and CRP values (p=0.01) and higher serum albumin levels (p<0.0005) compared with the women receiving CEE.\n\nConclusion: Therapy with CEE, but not MPA, after surgical menopause appears to predispose healthy women to low-grade inflammation, as evidenced by its independent associations with elevated CRP and reduced albumin levels. In women treated with MPA, the favorable levels of inflammatory markers, BMI, and triglyceride levels need to be confirmed in larger controlled trials, as progesterone therapy may provide a safe and effective alternative to estrogen for vasomotor symptoms in women with surgical menopause.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"30","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Pharmacotherapy"}}},"pageStart":"442","pageEnd":"452","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1592/phco.30.5.442","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43089068"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1592/phco.30.5.442"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20411996"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43089068"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relationships-among-cognitive-dietary-restraint-subclinical-ovulation-disturbances-cortisol-and-2yr-change-in-bone-density-in-premenopausal-women-recsll70ioeoyhxeu/","name":"\"Relationships among cognitive dietary restraint, subclinical ovulation disturbances, cortisol and 2‐yr change in bone density in premenopausal women\"","headline":"\"Relationships among cognitive dietary restraint, subclinical ovulation disturbances, cortisol and 2‐yr change in bone density in premenopausal women\"","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relationships-among-cognitive-dietary-restraint-subclinical-ovulation-disturbances-cortisol-and-2yr-change-in-bone-density-in-premenopausal-women-recsll70ioeoyhxeu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan I Barr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8701-7152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jennifer L Bedford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2508-8545","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2010-04-01","abstract":"Cognitive dietary restraint (CDR) is the\nperception\nof limiting food intake to achieve/maintain a perceived ideal body weight. The objective of this 2‐yr prospective study was to determine if women with higher CDR have more subclinical ovulation disturbances (SOD; anovulation or luteal phase <10 d), elevated cortisol excretion and less positive changes in areal bone mineral density over two years (ΔaBMD). Participants were 123 healthy, non‐obese, regularly menstruating women aged 19–35. Annually participants completed questionnaires (Three Factor Eating Questionnaire, physical activity, general stress, dietary intake), anthropometrics and 24‐hr urine collections for measurement of 24‐hr urinary free cortisol (UFC). At baseline and final follow‐up, dual energy x‐ray absorptiometry scans measured ΔaBMD at the lumbar spine (L1‐4), hip and total body. Quantitative waking temperature was used to determine SOD frequency. SOD correlated positively with CDR and inversely with hip ΔaBMD but not with UFC. CDR and UFC were not associated with each other or ΔaBMD. Women with higher CDR had more SOD. Women with more SOD had less positive ΔaBMD and higher CDR. Physical activity, general stress, body mass and energy intake did not explain differences by CDR or SOD. In conclusion, CDR was the only study variable associated with SOD which was associated with less positive ΔaBMD. Canadian Institutes of Health Research 79563.\nGrant Funding Source\n: Canadian Institute of Health Research","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"S1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The FASEB Journal"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.561.12","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.561.12"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/can-oral-contraceptives-cause-vestibulodynia-v9ttv1lf/","name":"Can oral contraceptives cause vestibulodynia?","headline":"Can oral contraceptives cause vestibulodynia?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/can-oral-contraceptives-cause-vestibulodynia-v9ttv1lf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrew Goldstein","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5207-5061","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f54p054"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Burrows L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Goldstein I"}],"datePublished":"2010-04-01","abstract":"AIM: To describe the clinical course of a young woman who developed vestibulodynia with introital dyspareunia while on oral contraceptive (OCs) and to provide a possible explanation for the etiology of her symptoms as well as her recovery after treatment.\n\nMETHODS: A single case is presented including subjective reporting, laboratory evaluation, and quantitative sensory testing.\n\nRESULTS: After topical hormonal therapy, the patient reported resolution of her dyspareunia and and her laboratory values normalized.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4 Pt 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The journal of sexual medicine"}}},"pageStart":"1585","pageEnd":"7","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1743-6109.2009.01685.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43183886"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1743-6109.2009.01685.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20102483"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43183886"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/celiac-disease-and-its-effect-on-human-reproduction-a-review-rec9w2vca7aytsihq/","name":"Celiac disease and its effect on human reproduction: a review","headline":"Celiac disease and its effect on human reproduction: a review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/celiac-disease-and-its-effect-on-human-reproduction-a-review-rec9w2vca7aytsihq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Badawy SZ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Soni S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2010-3122"}],"datePublished":"2010-03-27","abstract":"Celiac disease is an intestinal inflammatory disease that is triggered by gluten in the diet. Patients present with a wide array of symptoms due to malabsorption that include diarrhea, abdominal pain, bloating and weight loss. In women, this disease may have implications on menstrual and reproductive health. The symptom complex includes delayed menarche, early menopause, secondary amenorrhea, infertility, recurrent miscarriages and intrauterine growth restriction. These women benefit from early diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, celiac disease should be considered and screening tests performed on women presenting with menstrual and reproductive problems and treated accordingly. The objective of this article is to review the current literature on celiac disease and its association with the above-mentioned disorders.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"55","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1-2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"3","pageEnd":"8","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/community-pharmacists-therapeutic-recommendations-for-menstruating-women-reczo0qidbnjywgv5/","name":"Community pharmacists' therapeutic recommendations for heavy flow, androgen excess, fragility fractures and night sweats in menstruating women","headline":"Community pharmacists' therapeutic recommendations for heavy flow, androgen excess, fragility fractures and night sweats in menstruating women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/community-pharmacists-therapeutic-recommendations-for-menstruating-women-reczo0qidbnjywgv5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine L Hitchcock","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation Research, Division of Endocrinology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Monterrey Marks","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7172-1348","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Coastal Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bd8jh67"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Sathi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Coastal Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bd8jh67"}}],"datePublished":"2010-03-01","abstract":"Background: Physicians and menstruating women often ask pharmacists for recommendations about menstrual cycle–related problems. Progesterone and medroxyprogesterone may provide physiology-based treatment, but official indications in menstruating women in Canada are minimal.\n\nObjectives: To describe pharmacists' responses to vignette-based questions about the treatment of common clinical problems in menstruating women and review evidence-based therapies.\n\nMethods: A pharmacist interviewer administered an 11-item questionnaire to a random sample of community pharmacists. Questions were based on clinical vignettes in adolescent, preand perimenopausal women and related to heavy flow, polycystic ovary syndrome, premenopausal osteoporosis, perimenopausal night sweats and side effects/contraindications for estrogens and progesterone/progestins.\n\nResults: The participation rate was 58%, including equal numbers of male and female pharmacists. Seventy-two percent indicated that they would treat menorrhagia in an anemic 13-year-old with oral contraceptives — 21% would recommend ibuprofen and 86% iron. Half recommended that a 35-year-old smoker with heavy flow and acne stop oral contraceptives, but the other 50% recommended a switch to an oral contraceptive with cyproterone. For premenopausal osteoporosis, the majority recommended calcium and vitamin D, but 53% endorsed oral contraceptives — only 7% suggested cyclic medroxyprogesterone. For night sweats, the majority recommended progesterone/progestin in a regularly menstruating 42-year-old woman. Estrogens are contraindicated with past thrombosis and/or breast cancer family history, and they could cause nausea; 50% of pharmacists also attributed these adverse effects to progesterone/progestins.\n\nConclusions: Community pharmacists vary widely in their treatment choices for common preand perimenopausal women's menstrual cycle–related problems. The evidence in support of most recommendations is minimal or lacking.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"143","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Canadian Pharmacists Journal / Revue des Pharmaciens du Canada"}}},"pageStart":"88-95.e2","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3821/1913-701X-143.2.88","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3821/1913-701X-143.2.88"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/near-adhesion-free-reconstructive-pelvic-surgery-three-distinct-phases-of-progre-reciu1zzbrhn9o052/","name":"Near Adhesion-Free Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery: Three Distinct Phases of Progress Over 23 Years","headline":"Near Adhesion-Free Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery: Three Distinct Phases of Progress Over 23 Years","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/near-adhesion-free-reconstructive-pelvic-surgery-three-distinct-phases-of-progre-reciu1zzbrhn9o052/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute for Human Reproduction","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2010-03-01","abstract":"Background: A somewhat pessimistic view on the prevention of postsurgical adhesions has developed over the years because rigorous surgical approaches may still result in the formation of postsurgical adhesions. In addition, postsurgical adhesion formation is associated with a significant degree of long-term morbidity. In this article, a surgical technique is presented which allows patients with the most extensive form of pelvic adhesions to undergo reconstructive pelvic surgery with a near–adhesion-free postoperative outcome.\n\nPurpose: This study was undertaken to assess the effectiveness of a comprehensive, well-defined set of surgical techniques, with well-defined additions and subtractions in surgical technique over a period of 23 years and three distinct phases of implementation. This work was a systematic comparison of three case-series evaluated sequentially over time. The three surgical protocols were each completely standardized.\n\nMaterials and Methods: This was a systematic comparison of three distinct case series of patients who had extensive pelvic adhesions. Three distinct and standardized surgical protocols were prospectively introduced and adhesion scores before and after surgical treatment were assessed and statistically compared for each of the three case series.\n\nResults: Ninety-five (95) patients with extensive pelvic adhesive disease due to endometriosis or pelvic inflammatory disease participated in this assessment. They were chosen because of the extensive nature of their pelvic and adnexal adhesions. There were 26 patients in phase I (1987–1993), 44 patients in phase II (1994–2005), and 25 patients in phase III (2006–2009). Using the American Fertility Society scoring system for adnexal adhesions, the total adhesion score decreased from 33.8 to 18.1 in phase I, from 33.3 to 6.0 in phase II, and from 33.2 to 2.5 in phase III. Each decrease was statistically significant within each phase (P < 0.001). Further, a statistically significant decrease in subsequent adhesion scores (P < 0.01) was observed at the time of second-look laparoscopy, when comparing phases I to II, II to III, and I to III, with the lowest scores obtained with the phase III surgical techniques.\n\nConclusions: With the use of a comprehensive, well-defined set of surgical antiadhesion techniques, it is possible to perform adhesion-free or near adhesion-free reconstructive pelvic surgery. (J GYNECOL SURG 26:31)","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"26","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of gynecologic surgery"}}},"pageStart":"31","pageEnd":"40","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1089/gyn.2009.0031","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q140384335"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1089/gyn.2009.0031"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q140384335"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/immunosuppression-in-human-decidua-against-natural-killer-cells-recingwffpnkfnqxc/","name":"Immunosuppression in Human Decidua Against Natural Killer Cells","headline":"Immunosuppression in Human Decidua Against Natural Killer Cells","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/immunosuppression-in-human-decidua-against-natural-killer-cells-recingwffpnkfnqxc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lash G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gendie E. Lash","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3606-1361","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Newcastle University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01kj2bm70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robson S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephen C. Robson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7897-7987","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Newcastle University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01kj2bm70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bulmer J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Judith N. Bulmer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0001-1004","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Newcastle University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01kj2bm70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Daya","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}}],"datePublished":"2010-03-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"31","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American journal of obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"S87-S92","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28269839","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28269839"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estrogen-therapy-and-risk-of-breast-cancer-in-postmenopausal-women-a-case-contro-reci4zbqj7jyckneb/","name":"Estrogen therapy and risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women: a  case-control study and results of a multivariate analysis","headline":"Estrogen therapy and risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women: a  case-control study and results of a multivariate analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estrogen-therapy-and-risk-of-breast-cancer-in-postmenopausal-women-a-case-contro-reci4zbqj7jyckneb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Franco Lumachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8349-631X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Padua","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00240q980"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Chiara Frigo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9705-4459","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Padua","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00240q980"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Umberto Basso","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5075-2177","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Istituto Oncologico Veneto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01xcjmy57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mario Ermani","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6788-6190","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Padua","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00240q980"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Valeria Tombolan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Padua","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00240q980"}}],"datePublished":"2010-02-05","abstract":"Objective: Several randomized trials and observational studies show that the use of hormone therapy (HT) increases the risk of breast cancer (BC). The aim of this study was to assess the effects of exposure to both HT and oral contraceptives (OCs) on BC risk in postmenopausal women, all residing in the same metropolitan area.\n\nMethods: Data regarding a series of 238 consecutive postmenopausal women with infiltrating ductal carcinoma (cases) and 255 randomly selected age-matched healthy women (controls) were reviewed. Odds ratios for no breast-feeding and HT and OC use were 1.82 (95% CI, 1.20-2.77), 2.49 (95% CI, 1.73-3.58), and 2.06 (95% CI 1.14-3.70), respectively.\n\nResults: Four independent variables (years between menarche and menopause, breast-feeding, OC use, and HT use) were included in the final multivariate analysis using logistic regression. The cumulative odds ratio calculated from the observed versus predicted values, obtained using the logistic regression function, was 4.55 (95% CI, 2.13-9.71), whereas the cumulative risk of common exposure to both OCs and HT was 2.77 (95% CI, 1.44-5.32). The logistic model correctly classified 67.5% (95% CI, 63.2-71.5) of cases. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of the complete logistic function showed a fair area of accuracy (0.77; 95% CI, 0.72-0.81).\n\nConclusions: Our results show that the risk of common exposure to both OCs and HT increases in women with other risk factors. However, several parameters traditionally considered in epidemiological studies do not have the same weight in each local community, suggesting the need to create different models to correctly select the high-risk population.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Menopause (New York, N.Y.)"}}},"pageStart":"524","pageEnd":"528","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/gme.0b013e3181ca0c74","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39918111"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/gme.0b013e3181ca0c74"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20130492"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39918111"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relationship-of-omega3-and-omega6-fatty-acids-with-semen-characteristics-and-ant-5oxxkwfe/","name":"Relationship of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids with semen characteristics, and anti-oxidant status of seminal plasma: a comparison between fertile and infertile men","headline":"Relationship of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids with semen characteristics, and anti-oxidant status of seminal plasma: a comparison between fertile and infertile men","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relationship-of-omega3-and-omega6-fatty-acids-with-semen-characteristics-and-ant-5oxxkwfe/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M R Safarinejad","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3055-5915","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"safarinejad@urologist.md"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hosseini SY","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5069-8548"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dadkhah F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Asgari MA"}],"datePublished":"2010-02-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND &AMP; AIMS: Fatty acid (FA) composition of the spermatozoa may be an important determinant of fertility. The aim was to evaluate polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) composition of the blood plasma and spermatozoa in infertile men with idiopathic oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT).\n\nMETHODS: Eighty-two infertile men with idiopathic OAT and seventy-eight fertile men defined according to semen concentration and proven fertility were enrolled in the study. The semen parameters were assessed according to World Health Organization criteria; three omega-3 fatty acids--alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and two omega-6 fatty acids--linoleic acid (LA) and arachidonic acid (AA) concentrations were measured in blood plasma and spermatozoa; and the seminal plasma enzymatic antioxidant levels of catalase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were also assessed.\n\nRESULTS: Proven fertile men had higher blood and spermatozoa levels of omega-3 FAs compared with the infertile patients. The ratio of serum omega-6/omega-3 fatty acids was significantly higher in infertile (14.8+/-4.3) patients compared to fertile controls (6.3+/-2.2) (P=0.001). Additionally, levels of AA were higher and the omega-3 index (EPA+DHA) was lower in infertile subjects than in fertile controls (all P values<0.05). Infertile men had higher mean AA:DHA ratio and AA:EPA (6.4+/-2.9 and 12.0+/-4.9, respectively) than fertile men (3.3+/-1.8 and 6.7+/-2.6, respectively) (both P=0.001). A strong negative correlation was found between the AA:DHA and AA:EPA ratios and total sperm count (r=-0.62, P=0.001 and r=-0.64, P=0.001, respectively), sperm motility (r=-0.63, P=0.001 and r=-0.61, P=0.001, respectively), and sperm morphology (r=-0.61, P=0.001, and r=-0.59, P=0.002, respectively).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Infertile men had lower concentrations of omega-3 FAs in spermatozoa than fertile men. These results suggest that research should be performed to assess the potential benefits of omega-3 FA supplementation as a therapeutic approach in infertile men with idiopathic OAT.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"29","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)"}}},"pageStart":"100","pageEnd":"5","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2009.07.008","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43295415"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.clnu.2009.07.008"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19666200"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43295415"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chronic-endometritis-is-a-frequent-finding-in-women-with-recurrent-implantation--aqkpvyt7/","name":"Chronic endometritis is a frequent finding in women with recurrent implantation failure after in vitro fertilization","headline":"Chronic endometritis is a frequent finding in women with recurrent implantation failure after in vitro fertilization","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chronic-endometritis-is-a-frequent-finding-in-women-with-recurrent-implantation--aqkpvyt7/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Johnston-MacAnanny EB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hartnett J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Engmann LL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nulsen JC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sanders MM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Benadiva CA"}],"datePublished":"2010-02-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine the role of endometrial sampling for identification and treatment of chronic endometritis (CE) in patients undergoing IVF-ET who repeatedly failed to conceive despite the transfer of good-quality embryos.\n\nDESIGN: Retrospective chart review.\n\nSETTING: University-based tertiary fertility center.\n\nPATIENT(S): Thirty-three patients with recurrent implantation failure (RIF) who underwent endometrial sampling and subsequent ET were analyzed based on immunohistochemically confirmed CE: CE present on biopsy (group 1; n = 10) and CE absent on biopsy (group 2; n = 23). Patients with RIF undergoing IVF cycles during the same time period who did not have endometrial sampling were used as controls (group 3; n = 485).\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Endometrial sampling for CE and subsequent antibiotic treatment in affected patients followed by another IVF-ET cycle.\n\nRESULT(S): Chronic endometritis was identified in 30.3% of patients with RIF. Group 1 had lower implantation rates (11.5%) in the IVF cycle following treatment than did group 2 and group 3 (32.7% and 20.3%, respectively). Clinical pregnancy and ongoing pregnancy rates were similar across groups.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Recurrent implantation failure warrants investigation of CE as a contributing factor. Women demonstrating CE on endometrial sampling have lower implantation rates in a subsequent IVF-ET cycle; however, there were no differences in subsequent clinical pregnancy or ongoing pregnancy rates after successful antibiotic treatment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"93","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"437","pageEnd":"41","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.12.131","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37393104"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.12.131"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19217098"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37393104"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dietary-patterns-in-canadian-men-and-women-ages-25-and-older-relationship-to-dem-rectwjehytq16i43u/","name":"Dietary patterns in Canadian men and women ages 25 and older: relationship to demographics, body mass index, and bone mineral density","headline":"Dietary patterns in Canadian men and women ages 25 and older: relationship to demographics, body mass index, and bone mineral density","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dietary-patterns-in-canadian-men-and-women-ages-25-and-older-relationship-to-dem-rectwjehytq16i43u/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa Langsetmo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2245-1657","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Poliquin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Coordinating Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fzvsb30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan I Barr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8701-7152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tassos Anastassiades","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5805-0364","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tanveer Towheed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8738-9394","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Rheumatology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rtaxr13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nancy Kreiger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"the CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Hanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}}],"datePublished":"2010-01-28","abstract":"Background: Previous research has shown that underlying dietary patterns are related to the risk of many different adverse health outcomes, but the relationship of these underlying patterns to skeletal fragility is not well understood. The objective of the study was to determine whether dietary patterns in men (ages 25-49, 50+) and women (pre-menopause, post-menopause) are related to femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) independently of other lifestyle variables, and whether this relationship is mediated by body mass index.\n\nMethods: We performed an analysis of 1928 men and 4611 women participants in the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study, a randomly selected population-based longitudinal cohort. We determined dietary patterns based on the self-administered food frequency questionnaires in year 2 of the study (1997-99). Our primary outcome was BMD as measured by dual x-ray absorptiometry in year 5 of the study (2000-02).\n\nResults: We identified two underlying dietary patterns using factor analysis and then derived factor scores. The first factor (nutrient dense) was most strongly associated with intake of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. The second factor (energy dense) was most strongly associated with intake of soft drinks, potato chips and French fries, certain meats (hamburger, hot dog, lunch meat, bacon, and sausage), and certain desserts (doughnuts, chocolate, ice cream). The energy dense factor was associated with higher body mass index independent of other demographic and lifestyle factors, and body mass index was a strong independent predictor of BMD. Surprisingly, we did not find a similar positive association between diet and BMD. In fact, when adjusted for body mass index, each standard deviation increase in the energy dense score was associated with a BMD decrease of 0.009 (95% CI: 0.002, 0.016) g/cm(2) for men 50+ years old and 0.004 (95% CI: 0.000, 0.008) g/cm(2) for postmenopausal women. In contrast, for men 25-49 years old, each standard deviation increase in the nutrient dense score, adjusted for body mass index, was associated with a BMD increase of 0.012 (95% CI: 0.002, 0.022) g/cm(2).\n\nConclusions: In summary, we found no consistent relationship between diet and BMD despite finding a positive association between a diet high in energy dense foods and higher body mass index and a strong correlation between body mass index and BMD. Our data suggest that some factor related to the energy dense dietary pattern may partially offset the advantages of higher body mass index with regard to bone health.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"}}},"pageStart":"20","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2474-11-20","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33527131"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/1471-2474-11-20"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20109205"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33527131"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/variations-in-body-mass-index-of-users-of-depot-medroxyprogesterone-acetate-as-a-rec3pbouju8wtb3j0/","name":"Variations in body mass index of users of depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate as a  contraceptive","headline":"Variations in body mass index of users of depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate as a  contraceptive","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/variations-in-body-mass-index-of-users-of-depot-medroxyprogesterone-acetate-as-a-rec3pbouju8wtb3j0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Luis Bahamondes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7356-8428","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04wffgt70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fernandes AM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arlete Fernandes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5872-0017","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04wffgt70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria Carolina Baccarin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04wffgt70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tatiane Medeiros","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04wffgt70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sirlei Siani Morais","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04wffgt70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Márcia Pantoja","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9024-1286","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04wffgt70"}}],"datePublished":"2010-01-28","abstract":"Background: Weight gain is a frequent reason for discontinuing the contraceptive with depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA).\n\nStudy Design: This 3-year retrospective cohort study assessed body mass index (BMI; kg/m(2)) variations in 379 current or past DMPA users compared to TCu380A intrauterine device (IUD) users matched for age and BMI, categorized into G1 (normal weight), G2 (overweight) or G3 (obese) according to baseline BMI. Variations in weight and BMI were evaluated using analysis of variance.\n\nResults: BMI increased progressively in all groups but significantly more in G1 and G2 DMPA users compared to nonusers and according to duration of use. In the G3 subgroup, weight trends were similar in the DMPA and IUD users.\n\nConclusions: Normal and overweight women increased BMI with DMPA use; however, obese women did not increase weight. Weight increase in DMPA users could be associated with metabolic alterations related to duration of use in normal and overweight women and to alterations already present in obese women. Prospective studies are required to determine triggering factors. DMPA use or=30.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"81","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"107","pageEnd":"111","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2009.07.008","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43183555"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.contraception.2009.07.008"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20103446"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43183555"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-function-in-human-endometrium-clinical-perspectives-recuuec0svrifrkbl/","name":"Progesterone function in human endometrium: clinical perspectives","headline":"Progesterone function in human endometrium: clinical perspectives","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-function-in-human-endometrium-clinical-perspectives-recuuec0svrifrkbl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Steven L Young","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5205-4495","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bruce A Lessey","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8451-2817","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of South Carolina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02b6qw903"}}],"datePublished":"2010-01-28","abstract":"Progesterone is essential for endometrial receptivity and successful establishment of pregnancy. Either an insufficient progesterone concentration or an insufficient response to progesterone, therefore can lead to infertility and pregnancy loss. Assessment of the role that either progesterone insufficiency or inadequate progesterone response plays in human reproductive failure has been difficult to assess because serum progesterone concentrations fluctuate markedly, limiting the ability to characterize sufficiency of progesterone, and there are no highly reliable markers of endometrial function available. Recent evidence demonstrates exquisite sensitivity of normal endometrium to very low levels of progesterone stimulation, suggesting that progesterone insufficiency should not be a common cause of reproductive failure. Further evidence suggests that women with endometriosis, and possibly polycystic ovarian syndrome, have an altered progesterone response, which may explain some of the clinical features of these disorders and supports the hypothesis that progesterone resistance underlies some cases of human reproductive failure.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"28","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Seminars in Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"5","pageEnd":"16","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0029-1242988","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37682116"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1055/s-0029-1242988"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20104424"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37682116"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-oral-contraceptives-in-pregnancy-and-major-structural-birth-defects-in-of-rec4pjtllo71giebu/","name":"Use of oral contraceptives in pregnancy and major structural birth defects in offspring","headline":"Use of oral contraceptives in pregnancy and major structural birth defects in offspring","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-oral-contraceptives-in-pregnancy-and-major-structural-birth-defects-in-of-rec4pjtllo71giebu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Dorothy Kim Waller","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2211-4773","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03gds6c39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael Shayne Gallaway","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7026-2300","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03gds6c39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lockwood G Taylor","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8996-6455","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03gds6c39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tunu Ramadhani","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Texas Department of State Health Services","sameAs":"https://ror.org/022zknp80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mark A Canfield","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8827-1881","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Texas Department of State Health Services","sameAs":"https://ror.org/022zknp80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Angela E. Scheuerle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9025-3276","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Texas Department of State Health Services","sameAs":"https://ror.org/022zknp80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sonia Hernández–Dı́az","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1458-7642","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University Press","sameAs":"https://ror.org/006v7bf86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carol Louik","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5429-5084"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Adolfo Correa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5748-6281"},{"@type":"Person","name":"National Birth Defects Prevention Study"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sonia Hernández-Diaz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8798-0851","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health , Boston, MA,"}}],"datePublished":"2010-01-21","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Oral contraceptives (OCs) are the most commonly used reversible contraceptive method among US women. Although the majority of previous studies have reported no association between OC use during pregnancy and birth defects, some studies have reported increased occurrence of neural tube defects, limb reduction defects, and urinary tract anomalies.\n\nMETHODS: We assessed OC use among mothers who participated in the multisite, case-control, National Birth Defects Prevention Study. Mothers of 9986 infants with 32 types of birth defects and 4000 infants without birth defects were included.\n\nRESULTS: Maternal OC use during the first 3 months of pregnancy was associated with an increased odds ratio for 2 of 32 birth defects: hypoplastic left heart syndrome (adjusted odds ratio = 2.3 [95% confidence interval = 1.3-4.3) and gastroschisis (1.8 [1.3-2.7]).\n\nCONCLUSION: Previous reports of associations between OC use and specific types of anomalies were not corroborated. Given that associations were assessed for 32 types of birth defects, our findings of 2 increased associations between OC use and gastroschisis and hypoplastic left heart syndrome should be interpreted as hypotheses until they can be evaluated further. Overall, our findings are consistent with the majority of previous studies that found women who use OCs during early pregnancy have no increased risk for most types of major congenital malformations.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)"}}},"pageStart":"232","pageEnd":"239","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/EDE.0b013e3181c9fbb3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57076451"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/EDE.0b013e3181c9fbb3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20087193"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q57076451"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-four-biomarkers-to-evaluate-the-risk-of-breast-cancer-subtypes-in-the-wom-recuj1ffyd0hl0isa/","name":"Use of four biomarkers to evaluate the risk of breast cancer subtypes in the  women's contraceptive and reproductive experiences study","headline":"Use of four biomarkers to evaluate the risk of breast cancer subtypes in the  women's contraceptive and reproductive experiences study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-four-biomarkers-to-evaluate-the-risk-of-breast-cancer-subtypes-in-the-wom-recuj1ffyd0hl0isa/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hongli Ma","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6921-4301","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Centers","sameAs":"https://ror.org/033tgbx59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yuanyuan Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7687-7816","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"City of Hope","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01z1vct10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jane Sullivan‐Halley","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baystate Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01q2nz307"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Giske Ursin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0835-9507","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Cancer Etiology, Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, California; Departments of 2Preventive Medicine and 3Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, Univers...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/044ybef51"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael S Simon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0453-375X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Centers","sameAs":"https://ror.org/033tgbx59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathleen E Malone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5643-6714","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wayne State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01070mq45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jill A McDonald","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1034-0677","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oslo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01xtthb56"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael F Press","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3400-6614","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baystate Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01q2nz307"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leslie Bernstein","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1458-7597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042twtr12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ronald T Burkman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Polly A Marchbanks","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baystate Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01q2nz307"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert Spirtas","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"City Of Hope National Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00w6g5w60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brian L Strom","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5750-4232","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Cancer Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jane Sullivan-Halley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6636-9041","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Cancer Etiology, Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, California; Departments of 2Preventive Medicine and 3Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, Univers..."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Linda Weiss","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6784-5831","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Cancer Etiology, Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, California; Departments of 2Preventive Medicine and 3Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, Univers..."}}],"datePublished":"2010-01-14","abstract":"Epidemiologic studies suggest that some hormone-related risk factors in breast cancer differentially influence risk for disease subtypes classified by the status of the estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER/PR). However, it remains unclear whether human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) or p53 expression status further differentiates these exposure-risk group associations. We evaluated the associations of oral contraceptive (OC) use and reproductive factors with incident invasive breast cancer subtypes among 1,197 population-based cases and 2,015 controls from the Los Angeles County or Detroit components of the Women's Contraceptive and Reproductive Experiences Study. Case-control comparisons by ER/PR/HER2/p53 status were conducted by multivariable polychotomous unconditional logistic regression methods. We found that OC use was not associated with any breast cancer subtype as defined by ER/PR/HER2/p53 status, except for a 2.9-fold increased risk of so-called triple-negative tumors (ER(-)/PR(-)/HER2(-)) among women of 45 to 64 years of age who started OC use before age 18. Parity was associated with a decreased risk of luminal A (ER(+) or PR(+), HER2(-)), luminal B (ER(+) or PR(+)/HER2(+)), and ER(-)/PR(-)/HER2(+) tumors. Age at first full-term pregnancy was positively associated with luminal A tumors among older women. Neither of these reproductive factors was associated with triple-negative tumors. Long duration of breast-feeding lowered the risk of triple-negative and luminal A tumors. p53 status did not define further differential risk patterns. Our findings offer evidence of differences in the hormone-related risk factors between triple-negative cancers and other ER/PR/HER2-defined subtypes of breast cancer.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"70","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cancer Research"}}},"pageStart":"575","pageEnd":"587","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-09-3460","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33596695"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-09-3460"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20068186"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33596695"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/retrospective-studies-of-pregnancies-after-assisted-medical-reproduction-from-20-57dsvjsx/","name":"[Retrospective studies of pregnancies after assisted medical reproduction from 2001-2009 and Central Hospital in Luxembourg (part 2)]","headline":"[Retrospective studies of pregnancies after assisted medical reproduction from 2001-2009 and Central Hospital in Luxembourg (part 2)]","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/retrospective-studies-of-pregnancies-after-assisted-medical-reproduction-from-20-57dsvjsx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Arendt J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Schilling C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peiffer M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ginter S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nahanb AF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lemosb C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Duboisb M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thononb F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jouanb C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gaspardb O"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Larcher ME"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gomez V"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pereira S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Geimer M"}],"datePublished":"2010-01-01","abstract":"The first chapter analyses the ART methods of the Centre Hospitalier of Luxembourg, in the department of reproductive medicine between 2001 and 2009. The second chapter examines the techniques individually, their influence on pregnancy outcomes, the complications on offsprings and their health. The results coincide with literature in that risks are acceptable as long as good medical and biological conditions are maintained. Multiple pregnancies remain the most frequent complication, particularly once out of IVF. These are analysed separately as well as the pregnancies after egg and semen donation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Bulletin de la Societe des sciences medicales du Grand-Duche de Luxembourg"},"pageStart":"257","pageEnd":"70","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q85113718","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20882744"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q85113718"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-oral-vaginal-and-transdermal-hormonal-contraception-on-serum-levels-o-9khiywb5/","name":"Effects of oral, vaginal, and transdermal hormonal contraception on serum levels of coenzyme q(10), vitamin e, and total antioxidant activity","headline":"Effects of oral, vaginal, and transdermal hormonal contraception on serum levels of coenzyme q(10), vitamin e, and total antioxidant activity","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-oral-vaginal-and-transdermal-hormonal-contraception-on-serum-levels-o-9khiywb5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Palan PR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Strube F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Letko J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sadikovic A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mikhail MS"}],"datePublished":"2010-01-01","abstract":"The use of the transdermal contraceptive patch is associated with greater bioavailability of ethinyl estradiol (EE) compared with contraceptive vaginal ring or oral contraceptives (OC). We compared the influences of three contraceptive methods (OC, vaginal ring, and transdermal patch) on serum levels of coenzyme Q(10), alpha-tocopherol, gamma-tocopherol and total antioxidant capacity in premenopausal women. Blood samples from 30 premenopausal women who used hormonal contraception for at least 4 months were collected. Forty subjects who did not use any contraception were studied as control. Serum levels of coenzyme Q(10), alpha-tocopherol and gamma-tocopherol were measured by high-pressure liquid chromatography. Serum samples were also assayed for total antioxidant capacity (TAOC). Serum levels of coenzyme Q(10) and alpha-tocopherol were found to be significantly lower (P < .05) in all three contraceptive users compared with controls. Contraceptive patch users had the lowest levels of coenzyme Q(10) levels compared with normal subjects. Serum TAOC levels were significantly lower (P < .05) among the contraceptive user groups. Alterations in coenzyme Q(10) and alpha-tocopherol induced by hormonal contraception and the potential effect(s) of exogenous ovarian hormones should be taken into consideration in future antioxidant research.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2010","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and gynecology international"}},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/925635","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34089753"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1155/2010/925635"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20814444"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34089753"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-immune-system-in-pregnancy-a-unique-complexity-9nhh2bwy/","name":"The immune system in pregnancy: a unique complexity","headline":"The immune system in pregnancy: a unique complexity","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-immune-system-in-pregnancy-a-unique-complexity-9nhh2bwy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mor G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cardenas I"}],"datePublished":"2010-01-01","abstract":"Placental immune response and its tropism for specific viruses and pathogens affect the outcome of the pregnant woman's susceptibility to and severity of certain infectious diseases. The generalization of pregnancy as a condition of immune suppression or increased risk is misleading and prevents the determination of adequate guidelines for treating pregnant women during pandemics. There is a need to evaluate the interaction of each specific pathogen with the fetal/placental unit and its responses to design the adequate prophylaxis or therapy. The complexity of the immunology of pregnancy and the focus, for many years, on the concept of immunology of pregnancy as an organ transplantation have complicated the field and delayed the development of new guidelines with clinical implications that could help to answer these and other relevant questions. Our challenge as scientists and clinicians interested in the field of reproductive immunology is to evaluate many of the 'classical concepts' to define new approaches for a better understanding of the immunology of pregnancy that will benefit mothers and fetuses in different clinical scenarios.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989)"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0897.2010.00836.x","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1600-0897.2010.00836.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20367629"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/altered-gene-expression-profiling-in-endometrium-evidence-for-progesterone-resis-eiylacez/","name":"Altered gene expression profiling in endometrium: evidence for progesterone resistance","headline":"Altered gene expression profiling in endometrium: evidence for progesterone resistance","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/altered-gene-expression-profiling-in-endometrium-evidence-for-progesterone-resis-eiylacez/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Aghajanova L","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3515-9252"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Velarde MC","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2384-5404"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Linda C Giudice","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1677-0822","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03"}}],"datePublished":"2010-01-01","abstract":"Progesterone plays an important role in regulating multiple events in the uterus. It controls endometrial proliferation and differentiation, which are important for uterine function. Dysregulation of progesterone signaling leads to impaired physiological functions. Indeed, aberrant expression of progesterone-regulated genes in the endometrium has been implicated in several gynecologic disorders, including endometriosis, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), and endometrial hyperplasia. Although several investigators have analyzed eutopic endometrial expression of progesterone-target genes, the genesis and consequences of progesterone resistance remain unclear. We review evidence for progesterone resistance in endometrium of women with endometriosis, PCOS, and endometrial hyperplasia, and we identify possible mechanisms associated with reduced progesterone activity in endometrium of (some) women with these gynecologic disorders that have a significant impact on women's health and well-being.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"28","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Seminars in reproductive medicine"}}},"pageStart":"51","pageEnd":"8","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0029-1242994","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37682123"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1055/s-0029-1242994"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20104428"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37682123"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/low-dose-naltrexone-side-effects-and-efficacy-in-gastrointestinal-disorders-l8mnkihf/","name":"Low dose naltrexone: side effects and efficacy in gastrointestinal disorders","headline":"Low dose naltrexone: side effects and efficacy in gastrointestinal disorders","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/low-dose-naltrexone-side-effects-and-efficacy-in-gastrointestinal-disorders-l8mnkihf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ploesser J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Weinstock LB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas E"}],"datePublished":"2010-01-01","abstract":"1. Int J Pharm Compd. 2010 Mar-Apr;14(2):171-3.\n\nLow dose naltrexone: side effects and efficacy in gastrointestinal disorders.\n\nPloesser J(1), Weinstock LB, Thomas E.\n\nAuthor information:\n(1)St. Louis College of Pharmacy, St. Louis, Missouri.\n\nUse of low dose naltrexone has been advocated for a variety of medical problems.\nOnly a few articles published in peer review journals have documented side\neffects of low dose naltrexone. The purpose of this study was to determine the\nfrequency of adverse effects of low dose naltrexone in patients who have been\ntreated for a variety of gastrointestinal disorders. The secondary purpose was\nto determine global efficacy in a retrospective survey. Patients (206) form a\nsingle gastroenterologist's clinical practice who had been prescribed naltrexone\nwere mailed a survey to evaluate the side effects and efficacy of naltrexone.\nPatients had either irritable bowel syndrome without evidence for small\nintestinal bacterial overgrowth, chronic idiopathic constipation, or\ninflammatory bowel disease. Patients with diarrhea were given 2.5 mg daily,\nconstipation 2.5 mg twice daily, and inflammatory bowel disease 4.5 mg daily. In\nthe patients who returned the survey, 47/121 (38.8%) had no side effects. Of the\n74/121 (61.2%) patients who had side effects, 58 had one or more neurological\ncomplaints, and 32 had one or more gastrointestinal side effects. In the\npatients with side effects, 24/74 (32.4%) had short lived symptoms. Low dose\nnaltrexone was terminated owing to side effects in 20/74 patients (27.0%). In 13\npatients with idiopathic irritable bowel syndrome, 2 were markedly worse. In 85\npatients with irritable bowel syndrome-small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, 15\nwere markedly improved, 32 were moderately worse, and 1 was markedly worse. In\n12 patients with chronic constipation, 7 were markedly improved, 1 was\nmoderately improved, 1 was mildly improved, and 4 were unchanged. Low dose\nnaltrexone frequently has side effects but in most is tolerable. It appears to\nbe helpful for a member of patients with gastrointestinal disorders.\n\nPMID: 23965429","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International journal of pharmaceutical compounding"},"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23965429"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2009-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2009-uagsnpz3/","name":"DIR Jahrbuch 2009 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2009)","headline":"DIR Jahrbuch 2009 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2009)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2009-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2009-uagsnpz3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register e.V."}],"datePublished":"2010-01-01","abstract":"Annual report (Jahrbuch) of the Deutsches IVF-Register (DIR) for treatment year 2009. DIR is the German national IVF/ICSI registry, founded 1982 — the oldest continuously operating ART registry. Voluntary professional-society database with high de-facto coverage of German fertility centres. Reports cycles, transfers, pregnancies and clinical outcomes by treatment type (IVF, ICSI, frozen embryo transfer, donor). German-language registry document. Used as a Phase B historical-archive source for the ART Registry Comparison study (cross-registry classification by reporting completeness on 7 framework dimensions).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register Jahrbuch"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/does-therapy-for-minimalmild-endometriosis-enhance-conception-recovxzdxkkt8hdin/","name":"Does Therapy for Minimal/Mild Endometriosis Enhance Conception?","headline":"Does Therapy for Minimal/Mild Endometriosis Enhance Conception?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/does-therapy-for-minimalmild-endometriosis-enhance-conception-recovxzdxkkt8hdin/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Paivi Harkki","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1368-5232","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Helsinki","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040af2s02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Tiitinen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3088-5594"},{"@type":"Person","name":"O Ylikorkala","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Helsinki University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02e8hzf44"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G David Adamson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5387-7629","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Endometriosis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01q5m4507"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kim AH","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5530-6697","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule Zurich Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences"}}],"datePublished":"2010-01-01","pageStart":"207","pageEnd":"13","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37788761","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37788761"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cartr-2010-annual-report-2009-results-from-the-canadian-art-register-wd1n4vhe/","name":"CARTR 2010 Annual Report - 2009 Results from the Canadian ART Register","headline":"CARTR 2010 Annual Report - 2009 Results from the Canadian ART Register","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cartr-2010-annual-report-2009-results-from-the-canadian-art-register-wd1n4vhe/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Canadian Fertility and Andrology Society"}],"datePublished":"2010-01-01","abstract":"Canadian ART Register (CARTR) annual report for 2009. A total of 16,315 cycles was reported to CARTR. Voluntary professional society database operated by the Canadian Fertility and Andrology Society.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"CFAS"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/retrospective-review-outcomes-from-all-couples-with-3-or-more-recurrent-miscarri-gsqqatbb/","name":"Retrospective Review: Outcomes from All Couples with 3 or More Recurrent Miscarriages Receiving Treatment from NaPro Fertility Clinic, Ireland 2010","headline":"Retrospective Review: Outcomes from All Couples with 3 or More Recurrent Miscarriages Receiving Treatment from NaPro Fertility Clinic, Ireland 2010","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/retrospective-review-outcomes-from-all-couples-with-3-or-more-recurrent-miscarri-gsqqatbb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Phil C Boyle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2555-6294","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NeoFertility Clinic, Suite 7, 1st Floor, Beacon Mall, Sandyford, Dublin 18, Ireland. Phil.Boyle@NeoFertility.ie."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cahill K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Guindon C"}],"datePublished":"2010-01-01","abstract":"Couples presenting with 3 or more miscarriages fit the definition of recurrent miscarriage which affects 1% of those trying to conceive. Clinics based in Dublin and Galway use a multifactorial approach with NaProTechnology to evaluate and treat such couples. 355 couples with subfertility attended for 2+ consultations during 2010. 50 (14%) had 3+ miscarriages. Of 36 who conceived, 29 (80.6%) had live births, 4 (11.1%) miscarried, 2 (5.6%) had ectopic pregnancies. Average female age 37.5 years. Expected miscarriage rate for this population would be above 30-40%. A total miscarriage and ectopic rate of 16.7% per couple is encouraging. Women with recurrent miscarriage appear to have better than expected outcomes following a multifactorial NaPro treatment approach.","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-in-europe-2006-results-generated-from-european--um8afb3h/","name":"Assisted reproductive technology in Europe, 2006: results generated from European registers by ESHRE","headline":"Assisted reproductive technology in Europe, 2006: results generated from European registers by ESHRE","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-in-europe-2006-results-generated-from-european--um8afb3h/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacques de Mouzon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9465-3488","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Veerle Goossens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9342-2143","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/028sbah75"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Siladitya Bhattacharya","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6279-7826","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aberdeen Maternity Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0020hse07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Castilla JA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ferraretti AP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Korsak V"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kupka M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nygren KG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nyboe Andersen A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"European IVF-monitoring (EIM) Consortium"},{"@type":"Person","name":"for the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE)"}],"datePublished":"2010 Aug","abstract":"22. Assisted reproductive technology in Europe, 2006: results generated from European registers by ESHRE. de Mouzon J(1), Goossens V, Bhattacharya S, Castilla JA, Ferraretti AP, Korsak V, Kupka M, Nygren KG, Nyboe Andersen A; European IVF-monitoring (EIM) Consortium, for the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE). Collaborators: Glozheni O, Strohmer H, Bogaerts K, Kyurkchiev S, Pelekanos M, Rezabek K, Erb K, Gissler M, de Mouzon J, Shojaei T, Buhler K, Tarlatzis B, Kosztolanyi G, Bjorgvinsson H, Mocanu E, Scaravelli G, Lejins V, Gudleviciene Z, Lazarevski S, Simic TM, Lambalk C, Hazekamp JT, Kuczynski W, Calhaz-Jorge C. (1)ESHRE Central Office, Meerstraat 60, B-1852 Grimbergen, Belgium. jacques.demouzon@inserm.fr BACKGROUND: In this 10th European IVF-monitoring (EIM) report, the results of assisted reproductive techniques from treatments initiated in Europe during 2006 are presented. Data were mainly collected from existing national registers. METHODS: From 32 countries, 998 clinics reported 458 759 treatment cycles including: IVF (117 318), ICSI (232 844), frozen embryo replacement (FER, 86 059), egg donation (ED, 12 685), preimplantation genetic diagnosis/screening (6561), in vitro maturation (247) and frozen oocytes replacements (3498). Overall this represents a 9.7% increase in activity since 2005, which is partly due to an increase in registers (seven more countries with complete coverage). European data on intrauterine insemination using husband/partner's (IUI-H) and donor (IUI-D) semen were reported from 22 countries. A total of 134 261 IUI-H and 24 339 IUI-D cycles were included. RESULTS: In 20 countries, where all clinics reported to the IVF register, a total of 359 110 assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycles were performed in a population of 422.5 million, corresponding to 850 cycles per million inhabitants. For IVF, the clinical pregnancy rates per aspiration and per transfer were 29.0 and 32.4%, respectively. For ICSI, the corresponding rates were 29.9 and 33.0%. After IUI-H the delivery rate was 9.2% in women below 40. After IVF and ICSI the distribution of transfer of one, two, three and four or more embryos was 22.1, 57.3, 19.0 and 1.6%, respectively. Compared with 2005, fewer embryos were replaced per transfer, but significant national differences in practice were apparent. The proportion of singleton, twin and triplet deliveries after IVF and ICSI combined was 79.2, 19.9 and 0.9%, respectively. This gives a total multiple delivery rates of 20.8% compared with 21.8% in 2005 and 22.7% in 2004. IUI-H in women below 40 years of age resulted in 10.6% twin and 0.6% triplet pregnancies. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with previous years, the reported number of ART cycles in Europe has increased, pregnancy rates have increased marginally, even though fewer embryos were transferred and the multiple delivery rates have declined.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deq124","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44024174"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/deq124"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20570973"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44024174"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/acog-practice-bulletin-no-110-noncontraceptive-uses-of-hormonal-contraceptives-recf7sj4zfop4ye9y/","name":"ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 110: noncontraceptive uses of hormonal contraceptives","headline":"ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 110: noncontraceptive uses of hormonal contraceptives","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/acog-practice-bulletin-no-110-noncontraceptive-uses-of-hormonal-contraceptives-recf7sj4zfop4ye9y/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"ACOG","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7450-1543","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen"}}],"datePublished":"2009-12-23","abstract":"Patients are often unaware of the non-contraceptive benefits of hormonal contraception. and this represents an opportunity for counseling (2). A brief list of some common non-contraceptive benefits is provided in Box I.\nMost hormonal contraceptives combine progestin for its contraceptive effects and an estrogen to stabilize the endometrium and reduce unwanted spocane. Users progestin-only hormonal contraceptives avoid the sile citects associated with the use of contraceptives containing estrogen. Progestin-only contraceptives often can be used in women when estrogen is contraindicated; however, unpredictable spotting may be problematic for some patients. Over time, this unwanted bleeding generally subsides and progestin-only methods may provide highly effective long-term contraception.\nSince oral contraceptives containing 150 micrograms or mestranol were introduced in ryo0, the dose of estrogen per pill has been reduced: current bills may. . .","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"115","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"206","pageEnd":"218","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0b013e3181cb50b5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82309198"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/AOG.0b013e3181cb50b5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20027071"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q82309198"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/molecular-mechanism-for-human-sperm-chemotaxis-mediated-by-progesterone-recccsq6yigah6ofk/","name":"Molecular mechanism for human sperm chemotaxis mediated by progesterone","headline":"Molecular mechanism for human sperm chemotaxis mediated by progesterone","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/molecular-mechanism-for-human-sperm-chemotaxis-mediated-by-progesterone-recccsq6yigah6ofk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria E Teves","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7035-2202","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad Nacional de Córdoba","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056tb7j80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hector A Guidobaldi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5033-2981","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad Nacional de Córdoba","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056tb7j80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Diego R Uñates"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Raul Sanchez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9400-1685","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad de La Frontera","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04v0snf24"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Morales Garcia AA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laura C Giojalas","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1036-1251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad Nacional de Córdoba","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056tb7j80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Werner Miska","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Giessen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/033eqas34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aduén A Morales Garcia","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03angcq70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephen J Publicover","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03angcq70"}}],"datePublished":"2009-12-10","abstract":"Sperm chemotaxis is a chemical guiding mechanism that may orient spermatozoa to the egg surface. A picomolar concentration gradient of Progesterone (P), the main steroidal component secreted by the cumulus cells that surround the egg, attracts human spermatozoa. In order to elucidate the molecular mechanism of sperm chemotaxis mediated by P, we combine the application of different strategies: pharmacological inhibition of signaling molecules, measurements of the concentrations of second messengers and activation of the chemotactic signaling. Our data implicate a number of classic signal transduction pathways in the response and provide a model for the sequence of events, where the tmAC-cAMP-PKA pathway is activated first, followed by protein tyrosine phosphorylation (equatorial band and flagellum) and calcium mobilization (through IP(3)R and SOC channels), whereas the sGC-cGMP-PKG cascade, is activated later. These events lead to sperm orientation towards the source of the chemoattractant. The finding proposes a molecular mechanism which contributes to the understanding of the signal transduction pathway that takes place in a physiological process as chemotaxis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"PloS One"}}},"pageStart":"e8211","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0008211","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21562334"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1371/journal.pone.0008211"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19997608"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q21562334"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chronic-endometritis-a-combined-histopathologic-and-clinical-review-of-cases-fro-reccjup4ar7apv1uw/","name":"Chronic endometritis: a combined histopathologic and clinical review of cases  from 2002 to 2007","headline":"Chronic endometritis: a combined histopathologic and clinical review of cases  from 2002 to 2007","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chronic-endometritis-a-combined-histopathologic-and-clinical-review-of-cases-fro-reccjup4ar7apv1uw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Matthew A. Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1271-7271","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Southern Regional Area Health Education Centers","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ptehc98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thèrése Bocklage","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0899-9405","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Southern Regional Area Health Education Centers","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ptehc98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kori A Hagerty","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Southern Regional Area Health Education Centers","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ptehc98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Betty Skipper","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of New Mexico","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05fs6jp91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Miranda Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9372-1381","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Pathology, Southern Regional Area Health Education Center, Fayetteville, North Carolina, USA.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0036ate90"}}],"datePublished":"2009-12-03","abstract":"Chronic plasmacytic endometritis (CPE) is an infectious or reactive process with multiple etiologies. The lesion is reportedly often associated with pelvic inflammatory disease and intermenstrual bleeding. However, the clinical significance of the diagnosis when found incidentally and whether particular pathologic findings are associated with clinically important CPE have not been evaluated. We reviewed 105 chronic endometritis cases that had been diagnosed earlier and 130 controls to examine the pathologic and clinical associations in a diverse population.A pathology database was searched for endometrial biopsies diagnosed as CPE, and 105 cases were found. Systematic randomized sampling identified 130 control cases (biopsies not diagnosed as CPE). Slides were carefully reviewed to assess 10 histopathologic features. Clinical records were reviewed for 15 clinical parameters. Analysis was performed using chi tests and SAS software.Few patients (3%) received antibiotics or further clinical intervention after the diagnosis of CPE was rendered. The clinical data trended toward fewer menstrual abnormalities as plasma cells increased. The intensity of inflammation showed no association with patient age or symptom duration. Evaluation of controls revealed 17 cases with missed diagnosis of CPE, representing an overall 16% underdiagnosis rate.In CPE, there are no specific clinical features that correlate with the intensity of pathologic findings; the most specific histologic feature is the presence of plasma cells, and it is predominantly identified in weakly proliferative endometrium. There is a clinically insignificant 16% pathologic underdiagnosis rate. In contrast to the findings of past studies, only a small percentage of patients had pelvic inflammatory disease (4%).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"29","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Gynecological Pathology : Official Journal of the  International Society of Gynecological Pathologists"}}},"pageStart":"44","pageEnd":"50","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/PGP.0b013e3181ae81bb","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37642568"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/PGP.0b013e3181ae81bb"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19952932"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37642568"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/health-related-quality-of-life-in-canadian-adolescents-and-young-adults-normativ-reczefshex02o9keo/","name":"Health-related quality of life in Canadian adolescents and young adults: normative data using the SF-36","headline":"Health-related quality of life in Canadian adolescents and young adults: normative data using the SF-36","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/health-related-quality-of-life-in-canadian-adolescents-and-young-adults-normativ-reczefshex02o9keo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wilma M Hopman, Claudie Berger, Lawrence Joseph, Tanveer Towheed, Jerilynn C Prior, Tassos Anastassiades, Suzette Poliquin, Wei Zhou, Jonathan D Adachi, David A Hanley, Emmanuel A Papadimitropoulos, Alan Tenenhouse"}],"datePublished":"2009-11-01","abstract":"Objectives: Normative data for the SF-36 measure of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) exist for those over 25 years of age, based on data from the population-based Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos). CaMos recently recruited a sample of young Canadians aged between 16 and 24 years. The purpose of this study was to develop normative SF-36 data for this age group.\n\nMethods: After direct standardization to the Canadian population, means, standard deviations (SD), 95% confidence intervals and percentage at floor and ceiling were produced for the eight domain and two summary scores of the SF-36. Domains are scored from 0 (poor) to 100 (excellent). Summary scores are standardized to a mean of 50, with scores over 50 representing better than average and below 50 poorer than average function. Separate analyses were completed for men and women, and for those 16-19 years and 20-24 years.\n\nResults: The 1,001 community-based participants consisted of 474 men and 527 women from nine CaMos centres across Canada. Mean Physical Component Summary scores were 53.9 (SD = 6.9) and 53.3 (SD = 5.7) for young men and women, respectively. The equivalent Mental Component Summary scores were 49.3 (SD = 9.7) and 48.8 (SD = 8.9). In general, men scored somewhat higher than women, and younger (16-19 years) women scored higher than older (20-24 years) women, although the differences were small.\n\nConclusion: HRQOL is good in this cohort of young Canadians. Both men and women scored somewhat better on physically than mentally oriented domains. In general, Canadian scores were similar to those of the US, while a comparable Swedish sample scored higher than both countries on most domains. Results underscore the importance of taking country, age and gender into consideration when using normative data. Objectifs: Des données normatives sur la qualité de vie liée à la santé (QVLS) dans le questionnaire sur l’état de santé SF-36 existent déjà pour les personnes de plus de 25 ans grâce aux données représentatives de l’Étude canadienne multicentrique sur l’ostéoporose (CaMos). La CaMos a recruté récemment un échantillon de jeunes Canadiens âgés de 16 à 24 ans. Le but de notre étude était d’élaborer des données normatives SF-36 pour ce groupe d’âge. MÉTHODE: Après avoir effectué une standardisation directe à partir de la population canadienne, nous avons calculé les moyennes, les écarts-types (ET), les intervalles de confiance de 95% et le pourcentage minimum et maximum pour les huit domaines et les deux notes globales du SF-36. Les domaines sont notés de 0 (mauvais) à 100 (excellent). Les notes globales sont standardisées selon une moyenne de 50, les notes de plus de 50 indiquant des fonctions supérieures à la moyenne, et les notes de moins de 50, des fonctions inférieures à la moyenne. Nous avons analysé séparément les hommes des femmes, et le groupe des 16 à 19 ans de celui des 20 à 24 ans. RÉSULTATS: Les 1 001 participants sélectionnés dans la communauté comprenaient 474 hommes et 527 femmes des neuf centres CaMos du Canada. Les notes globales moyennes pour la composante santé physique étaient de 53,9 (ET=6,9) et de 53,3 (ET=5,7) pour les jeunes hommes et les jeunes femmes, respectivement. Les notes équivalentes pour la composante santé mentale étaient de 49,3 (ET=9,7) et de 48,8 (ET=8,9). En général, les hommes ont obtenu des notes un peu meilleures que celles des femmes, et les femmes plus jeunes (16 à 19 ans), de meilleures notes que leurs aînées (20 à 24 ans), mais ces différences étaient faibles.\n\nConclusion: La QVLS est bonne dans cette cohorte de jeunes Canadiens. Tant les hommes que les femmes ont obtenu des notes un peu meilleures pour la santé physique que pour la santé mentale. En général, les notes canadiennes étaient semblables à celles des États-Unis, mais un échantillon suédois comparable a obtenu des notes plus élevées que ces deux pays dans la plupart des domaines. Ces résultats soulignent l’importance de tenir compte du pays, de l’âge et du sexe lorsqu’on utilise des données normatives.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"100","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Can J Public Health"}}},"pageStart":"449","pageEnd":"452","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03404342","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33538132"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/BF03404342"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20209739"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33538132"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-issues-in-women-with-diabetes-j9cxb7pp/","name":"Fertility issues in women with diabetes","headline":"Fertility issues in women with diabetes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-issues-in-women-with-diabetes-j9cxb7pp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Livshits A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D S Seidman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7765-822X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f54p054"}}],"datePublished":"2009-11-01","abstract":"Diabetes mellitus Type 1 and Type 2 should be considered in the differential diagnosis of menstrual abnormalities and infertility. The reproductive period of diabetic women may be reduced due to delayed menarche and premature menopause. During the reproductive years, diabetes has been associated with menstrual abnormalities, such as oligomenorrhea and secondary amenorrhea. It was found that better glycemic control and prevention of diabetic complications improves these irregularities and increases fertility rates close to those that are seen in the general population. Women with persistent menstrual abnormalities despite adequate treatment need to be approached by broader evaluation, which will include the examination of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis and the hormonal status, presence of autoimmune thyroid disease and antiovarian autoantibodies, and hyperandrogenism.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Women's health (London, England)"}}},"pageStart":"701","pageEnd":"7","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.2217/whe.09.47","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35009898"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2217/whe.09.47"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19863473"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35009898"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulation-disturbances-and-mood-across-the-menstrual-cycles-of-healthy-women-reccs0ybafs327k4m/","name":"Ovulation disturbances and mood across the menstrual cycles of healthy women","headline":"Ovulation disturbances and mood across the menstrual cycles of healthy women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulation-disturbances-and-mood-across-the-menstrual-cycles-of-healthy-women-reccs0ybafs327k4m/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Anne T Harvey","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4630-5112","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Via Christi Regional Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01hj4y249"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine L Hitchcock","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation Research, Division of Endocrinology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2009-10-22","abstract":"We examined the cyclicity of negative mood relative to ovulation and ovulation disturbances in Menstrual Cycle Diary(c) data collected daily during a 1-year study of ovulation, exercise, and bone change. A validated quantitative basal temperature-based methodology was used to determine the onset of the luteal phase. 'Feeling depressed', 'feeling anxious', and 'feeling angry/frustrated' were scored on a scale of 0 (absent) to 4 (very intense). Mood scores were examined over two 15-day intervals centered on either ovulation/midpoint, or on the onset of flow. Data were available from 765 cycles of 62 healthy and initially ovulatory women with a mean age of 33.9 +/- 5.4 years. Of 739 cycles that could be classified, 532 (72%) were normally ovulatory, 185 (25%) were ovulatory with a short (<10 day) luteal phase, and 22 (3%) were anovulatory. Minor cyclic mood changes were present in both ovulatory and anovulatory menstrual cycles. In anovulatory cycles, mood tended to be more variable but less negative, with a time course that differed from that in ovulatory cycles. Mood scores did not differ based on luteal phase length or with hormone levels. Patterns and mechanisms of mood change in very symptomatic women appear to be essentially amplifications of normal experiences.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"30","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"207","pageEnd":"214","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3109/01674820903276438","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50724508"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3109/01674820903276438"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19842789"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50724508"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/results-of-the-live-survey-in-las-vegas-2008-and-the-response-of-the-aagl-rec1ziml9op0jb3fy/","name":"Results of the live survey in Las Vegas, 2008, and the response of the AAGL","headline":"Results of the live survey in Las Vegas, 2008, and the response of the AAGL","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/results-of-the-live-survey-in-las-vegas-2008-and-the-response-of-the-aagl-rec1ziml9op0jb3fy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Resad Pasic","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8470-1960","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Louisville","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ckdn478"}}],"datePublished":"2009-10-20","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"519","pageEnd":"521","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2009.06.014","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46295412"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jmig.2009.06.014"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19835792"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46295412"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/maternal-thyroid-function-during-gestation-is-related-to-breech-presentation-at--recupwfwtien2sdap/","name":"Maternal thyroid function during gestation is related to breech presentation at term","headline":"Maternal thyroid function during gestation is related to breech presentation at term","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/maternal-thyroid-function-during-gestation-is-related-to-breech-presentation-at--recupwfwtien2sdap/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Simone M. Kuppens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1922-9975","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Radboud University Nijmegen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016xsfp80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H. Wijnen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Maastricht University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jz4aj89"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sara Crawford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9579-7512","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T H M Hasaart"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hasaart TH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S G Oei"},{"@type":"Person","name":"V J Pop","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2732-7137","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tilburg University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b8v1s79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Crawford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5361-6552","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Alberta Children's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00sx29x36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Kooistra","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Alberta Children's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00sx29x36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H L Vader"}],"datePublished":"2009-10-17","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between suboptimal maternal thyroid function during gestation and breech presentation at term.\n\nDESIGN: Prospective follow-up study during three trimesters of gestation.\n\nPATIENTS: A total of 1058 Dutch Caucasian healthy pregnant women were prospectively followed from 12 weeks gestation until term (>or=37 weeks) delivery.\n\nMEASUREMENTS: Maternal thyroid parameters [TSH, free T4 (FT4) and auto-antibodies to thyroid peroxidase] were assessed at 12, 24 and 36 weeks gestation as well as foetal presentation at term.\n\nRESULTS: At term, 58 women (5.5%) presented in breech. Compared with women with foetuses in the cephalic position, those women who presented in breech at term had significantly higher TSH concentrations, but only at 36 weeks gestation (P = 0.007). No between group differences were obtained for FT4 level at any assessment. The prevalence of breech presentation in the subgroup of women with TSH >or= 2.5 mIU/l (90th percentile) at 36 weeks gestation was 11%, compared with 4.8% in the women with TSH < 2.50 mIU/l (P = 0.006). Women with TSH below the 5th percentile had no breech presentations. Breech position was significantly and independently related to high maternal TSH concentration (>or=2.5 mIU/l) at 36 weeks gestation (O.R.: 2.23, 95% CI: 1.14-4.39), but not at 12 and 24 weeks gestation.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Women with TSH levels above 2.5 mIU/l during end gestation are at risk for breech presentation, and as such for obstetric complications.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"72","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"820","pageEnd":"824","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2265.2009.03729.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84733353"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1365-2265.2009.03729.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19832853"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q84733353"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/an-internet-based-prospective-study-of-body-size-and-time-to-pregnancy-rec9aakmsteru0gr6/","name":"An internet-based prospective study of body size and time-to-pregnancy","headline":"An internet-based prospective study of body size and time-to-pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/an-internet-based-prospective-study-of-body-size-and-time-to-pregnancy-rec9aakmsteru0gr6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lauren A Wise","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2138-3752","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts and 2Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center at Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kenneth J Rothman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2398-1705","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ellen M Mikkelsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0158-7950","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus Denmark","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040r8fr65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Henrik Toft Sørensen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4299-7040","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aarhus University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040r8fr65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anders H. Riis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6684-4068","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aarhus University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040r8fr65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elizabeth E Hatch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7901-3928","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology Boston University School of Public Health Boston MA USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493"}}],"datePublished":"2009-10-16","abstract":"Background: Recent studies have shown that both female and male obesity may delay time-to-pregnancy (TTP). Little is known about central adiposity or weight gain and fecundability in women.\n\nMethods: We examined the association between anthropometric factors and TTP among 1651 Danish women participating in an internet-based prospective cohort study of pregnancy planners (2007-2008). We categorized body mass index (BMI = kg/m(2)) as underweight (<20), normal weight (20-24), overweight (25-29), obese (30-34) and very obese (> or =35). We used discrete-time Cox regression to estimate fecundability ratios (FRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), controlling for potential confounders.\n\nResults: We found longer TTPs for overweight (FR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.70-1.00), obese (FR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.58-0.97), and very obese (FR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.42-0.88) women, compared with normal weight women. After further control for waist circumference, FRs for overweight, obese, and very obese women were 0.72 (95% CI = 0.58-0.90), 0.60 (95% CI = 0.42-0.85) and 0.48 (95% CI = 0.31-0.74), respectively. Underweight was associated with reduced fecundability among nulliparous women (FR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.63-1.06) and increased fecundability among parous women (FR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.08-2.39). Male BMI was not materially associated with TTP after control for female BMI. Compared with women who maintained a stable weight since age 17 (-5 to 4 kg), women who gained > or =15 kg had longer TTPs (FR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.59-0.88) after adjustment for BMI at age 17. Associations of waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio with TTP depended on adjustment for female BMI: null associations were observed before adjustment for BMI and weakly positive associations were observed after adjustment for BMI.\n\nConclusions: Our results confirm previous studies showing reduced fertility in overweight and obese women. The association between underweight and fecundability varied by parity.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"25","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"253","pageEnd":"264","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dep360","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37479057"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/dep360"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19828554"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37479057"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/miscarriage-rates-after-dehydroepiandrosterone-dhea-supplementation-in-women-wit-rec1wb5c1an3tmqsn/","name":"Miscarriage rates after dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) supplementation in women with diminished ovarian reserve: a case control study","headline":"Miscarriage rates after dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) supplementation in women with diminished ovarian reserve: a case control study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/miscarriage-rates-after-dehydroepiandrosterone-dhea-supplementation-in-women-wit-rec1wb5c1an3tmqsn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Norbert Gleicher","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0202-4167","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Foundation for Reproductive Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hp71e29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrea Weghofer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2306-5910","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Human Reproduction","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05avmsq62"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sonia Blanco Mejía","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4199-1800","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"CReATe Fertility Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047acnh17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David H. Barad","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7980-2369","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05cf8a891"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sonia Blanco-Mejia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8148-0039"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eddy Ryan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0358-9469","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"CReATe Fertility Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047acnh17"}}],"datePublished":"2009-10-09","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Dehydroepinadrosterone (DHEA) supplementation improves pregnancy chances in women with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR), by possibly reducing aneuploidy. Since a large majority of spontaneous miscarriages are associated with aneuploidy, one can speculate that DHEA supplementation may also reduce miscarriage rates.\n\nMETHODS: We retroactively compared, utilizing two independent statistical models, miscarriage rates in 73 DHEA supplemented pregnancies at two independent North American infertility centers, age-stratified, to miscarriages reported in a national U.S. in vitro fertilization (IVF) data base.\n\nRESULTS: After DHEA supplementation the miscarriage rate at both centers was 15.1% (15.0% and 15.2%, respectively). For DHEA supplementation Mantel-Hänszel common odds ratio (and 95% confidence interval), stratified by age, was significantly lower, relative to odds of miscarriage in the general IVF control population [0.49 (0.25-0.94; p = 0.04)]. Miscarriage rates after DHEA were significantly lower at all ages but most pronounced above age 35 years.\n\nDISCUSSION: Since DOR patients in the literature are reported to experience significantly higher miscarriage rates than average IVF patients, the here observed reduction in miscarriages after DHEA supplementation exceeds, however, all expectations. Miscarriage rates after DHEA not only were lower than in an average national IVF population but were comparable to rates reported in normally fertile populations. Low miscarriage rates, comparable to those of normal fertile women, are statistically impossible to achieve in DOR patients without assumption of a DHEA effect on embryo ploidy. Beyond further investigations in infertile populations, these data, therefore, also suggest the investigations of pre-conception DHEA supplementation in normal fertile populations above age 35 years.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology : RB&E"}}},"pageStart":"108","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7827-7-108","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21245546"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/1477-7827-7-108"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19811650"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q21245546"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptive-pill-for-primary-dysmenorrhoea-t21vtes6/","name":"Oral contraceptive pill for primary dysmenorrhoea","headline":"Oral contraceptive pill for primary dysmenorrhoea","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptive-pill-for-primary-dysmenorrhoea-t21vtes6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Wong CL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Farquhar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3685-3553","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Auckland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03b94tp07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roberts H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Proctor M"}],"datePublished":"2009-10-07","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Dysmenorrhoea (painful menstrual cramps) is common. Combined OCPs are recommended in the management of primary dysmenorrhoea. OBJECTIVES: To determine the effectiveness and safety of combined oral contraceptive pills for the management of primary dysmenorrhoea. SEARCH STRATEGY: We conducted electronic searches for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in the Cochrane Menstrual Disorders and Subfertility Group Register of controlled trials CENTRAL, CCTR, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL (first conducted in 2001, updated on 5 November 2008). SELECTION CRITERIA: RCTs comparing all combined OCPs with other combined OCPs, placebo, no management, or management with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories (NSAIDs) were considered. MAIN RESULTS: One study of low dose oestrogen and four studies of medium dose oestrogen combined OCPs compared with placebo, for a combined total of 497 women, reported pain improvement. For the outcome of pain relief across the different OCPs the pooled OR suggested benefit with OCPs compared to placebo (7 RCTs: Peto OR 2.01 [95% CI 1.32, 3.08]). The Chi-squared test for heterogeneity showed there is significant heterogeneity. A sensitivity analysis removing the studies with inadequate allocation concealment suggested significant benefit of treatment with the pooled OR of 2.99 (95% CI 1.76, 5.07). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: There is limited evidence for pain improvement with the use of the OCP (both low and medium dose oestrogen) in women with dysmenorrhoea. There is no evidence of a difference between different OCP preparations.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD002120.pub3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24240278"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/14651858.CD002120.pub3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19821293"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q24240278"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/induced-termination-of-pregnancy-and-low-birthweight-and-preterm-birth-a-systema-v0manj31/","name":"Induced termination of pregnancy and low birthweight and preterm birth: a systematic review and meta-analyses","headline":"Induced termination of pregnancy and low birthweight and preterm birth: a systematic review and meta-analyses","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/induced-termination-of-pregnancy-and-low-birthweight-and-preterm-birth-a-systema-v0manj31/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Shah PS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zao J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Knowledge Synthesis Group of Determinants of preterm/LBW births"}],"datePublished":"2009-10-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: History of induced termination of pregnancy (I-TOP) is suggested as a precursor for infant being born low birthweight (LBW), preterm (PT) or small for gestational age (SGA). Infection, mechanical trauma to the cervix leading to cervical incompetence and scarred tissue following curettage are suspected mechanisms.\n\nOBJECTIVE: To systematically review the risk of an infant being born LBW/PT/SGA among women with history of I-TOP.\n\nSEARCH STRATEGY: Medline, Embase, CINAHL and bibliographies of identified articles were searched for English language studies.\n\nSELECTION CRITERIA: Studies reporting birth outcomes to mothers with or without history of induced abortion were included.\n\nDATA COLLECTION: and analyses Two reviewers independently collected data and assessed the quality of the studies for biases in sample selection, exposure assessment, confounder adjustment, analytical, outcome assessments and attrition. Meta-analyses were performed using random effect model and odds ratio (OR), weighted mean difference and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated.\n\nMAIN RESULTS: Thirty-seven studies of low-moderate risk of bias were included. A history of one I-TOP was associated with increased unadjusted odds of LBW (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.20-1.52) and PT (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.24-1.50), but not SGA (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.69-1.09). A history of more than one I-TOP was associated with LBW (OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.45-2.04) and PT (OR 1.93, 95% CI 1.28-2.71). Meta-analyses of adjusted risk estimates confirmed these findings.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: A previous I-TOP is associated with a significantly increased risk of LBW and PT but not SGA. The risk increased as the number of I-TOP increased.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"116","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"1425","pageEnd":"42","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2009.02278.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35004288"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1471-0528.2009.02278.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19769749"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35004288"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/is-preeclampsia-an-autoimmune-disease-owtdn2se/","name":"Is preeclampsia an autoimmune disease?","headline":"Is preeclampsia an autoimmune disease?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/is-preeclampsia-an-autoimmune-disease-owtdn2se/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yan Xia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7794-1149","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"BGI Group (China)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045pn2j94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kellems RE"}],"datePublished":"2009-10-01","abstract":"Preeclampsia is a life-threatening hypertensive disease of pregnancy. The condition is characterized by the presence of autoantibodies that activate the major angiotensin receptor, AT(1). Research conducted during the past decade has shown that these autoantibodies activate AT(1) receptors on a variety of cell types and provoke biological responses that are relevant to the pathophysiology of preeclampsia. The introduction of these autoantibodies into pregnant mice results in hypertension, proteinuria and a variety of other features of preeclampsia including small fetuses and placentas. These findings demonstrate the pathophysiological role of these autoantibodies in preeclampsia. The biological properties of these autoantibodies can be blocked by a 7-amino acid peptide that corresponds to a specific sequence associated with the second extracellular loop of the AT(1) receptor. The fact that autoantibodies from different individuals are directed to a common epitope provides obvious diagnostic and therapeutic opportunities. Research reviewed here raises the intriguing possibility that preeclampsia may be a pregnancy-induced autoimmune condition characterized by the presence of disease-causing angiotensin receptor activating autoantibodies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"133","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.)"}}},"pageStart":"1","pageEnd":"12","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2009.05.004","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36050775"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.clim.2009.05.004"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19501024"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36050775"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/parity-and-subfertility-effects-of-continuous-oral-contraceptive-on-fertility-ar-recdwtrqfqbdk4v89/","name":"Parity and subfertility effects of continuous oral contraceptive on fertility are important","headline":"Parity and subfertility effects of continuous oral contraceptive on fertility are important","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/parity-and-subfertility-effects-of-continuous-oral-contraceptive-on-fertility-ar-recdwtrqfqbdk4v89/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine L Hitchcock","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation Research, Division of Endocrinology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2009-10-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"92","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"e47","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.06.036","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84450719"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.06.036"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19700152"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q84450719"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/breast-cancer-risk-assessments-comparing-gail-and-care-models-in-african-america-recd0dlotuk5vhqup/","name":"Breast cancer risk assessments comparing Gail and CARE models in African-American  women","headline":"Breast cancer risk assessments comparing Gail and CARE models in African-American  women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/breast-cancer-risk-assessments-comparing-gail-and-care-models-in-african-america-recd0dlotuk5vhqup/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lucile L. Adams‐Campbell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3444-3884","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hjz7x27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wayne A I Frederick"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Frederick WA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Worta McCaskill‐Stevens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0487-7526","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Cancer Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lucile L Adams-Campbell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts and 2Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center at Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert L Dewitty","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Howard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05gt1vc06"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael Gaskins","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Howard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05gt1vc06"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kepher H Makambi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Howard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05gt1vc06"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Worta McCaskill-Stevens"}],"datePublished":"2009-09-25","abstract":"The Gail model has been used to predict invasive breast cancer risk in women using risk factors of age, age at menarche, age at first live birth, number of first-degree relatives with breast cancer, and number of previous benign breast biopsies. However, this model underestimates breast cancer risk in African-American women. The Contraceptive and Reproductive Experience (CARE) model has been developed to replace the Gail model in predicting breast cancer risk in African-American women. In a sample of 883 women who participated in the breast cancer screening program at Howard University Cancer Center, we compared the breast cancer risk estimates from the Gail model and the CARE model. The mean 5-year breast cancer risk was 0.88% (Range: 0.18-6.60%) for the Gail model and 1.29% (Range: 0.20-4.50%) for the CARE model. Using the usual cutoff-point of 1.67% or above for elevated risk, there is a significant difference in the proportion of women with elevated breast cancer risk between the Gail and the CARE models (McNemar's test, p < 0.0001). For both models, there was a significant mean risk difference between those with and without a family history of breast cancer (Wilcoxon rank-sum test, p < 0.0001). Our results confirm the need for validation of the Gail model in African-Americans and diversity in research. Although these findings are not perfect and perhaps not definitive, they are additive in the discussions during counseling and risk assessment in African-Americans. Furthermore, these findings will be complemented by new technologies such as genomics in refining our ability to assess risk.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15 Suppl 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"0 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Breast Journal"}}},"pageStart":"S72-S75","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1524-4741.2009.00824.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37139866"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1524-4741.2009.00824.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19775333"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37139866"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/environmental-factors-in-the-development-of-chronic-inflammation-a-case-control--recnx1sbpnwbahrqj/","name":"Environmental factors in the development of chronic inflammation: a case-control  study on risk factors for Crohn's disease within New Zealand","headline":"Environmental factors in the development of chronic inflammation: a case-control  study on risk factors for Crohn's disease within New Zealand","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/environmental-factors-in-the-development-of-chronic-inflammation-a-case-control--recnx1sbpnwbahrqj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Dug Yeo Han","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6222-2256","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Auckland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03b94tp07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alan G Fraser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3468-3260","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Auckland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03b94tp07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Philippa Dryland","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5702-9494","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Auckland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03b94tp07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lynnette R Ferguson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0107-4741","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Auckland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03b94tp07"}}],"datePublished":"2009-09-16","abstract":"The role of environmental factors in the risk for Crohn's disease (CD), an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), was investigated in a North Island-based New Zealand case-control cohort. A total of 315 CD patients and 536 controls were recruited through various sources to the Auckland CD Risk Factor Study. As well as demographic characteristics, the self-reported questionnaire included (1) smoking and drinking alcohol, (2) breastfeeding in infancy, (3) early life exposures to allergens and microbes, (4) health conditions lasting 6 months or longer and (5) taking antibiotics and any medications. There was strong evidence for familial associations of the disease, and minor effects of birth order and number of siblings. Being a smoker, especially over a long time period, and exposure to smoking during childhood and adolescence periods increased risk, whereas drinking alcohol at least once per week showed a slight protective effect. Long term use of the oral contraceptive pill increased the risk of developing CD, but breastfeeding and immunisation during infancy showed no significant association. Long term and debilitating illness (lasting 6 months or more), taking antibiotics prior to developing CD, or taking four or more antibiotics or any regular medication in a year during adolescence substantially increased the CD risk. Having a pet during childhood was a protective factor, but regularly feeding an animal was not sufficient to protect. Many of these significant factors are likely to impact on the colonic microflora and/or immune system. We conclude that, in addition to strong evidence for genetic associations, factors likely to impact on immune response or reduce early exposure to microbes provide a main risk factor for CD in this New Zealand population.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"690","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1-2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Mutation Research"}}},"pageStart":"116","pageEnd":"122","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2009.09.002","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43276966"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2009.09.002"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19751746"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43276966"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dynamic-model-for-multivariate-markers-of-fecundability-rec8bega93n2gqyd5/","name":"Dynamic model for multivariate markers of fecundability","headline":"Dynamic model for multivariate markers of fecundability","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dynamic-model-for-multivariate-markers-of-fecundability-rec8bega93n2gqyd5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Baigen Cai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9386-8762","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of South Carolina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02b6qw903"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David B Dunson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}}],"datePublished":"2009-09-16","abstract":"Dynamic latent class models provide a flexible framework for studying biologic processes that evolve over time. Motivated by studies of markers of the fertile days of the menstrual cycle, we propose a discrete-time dynamic latent class framework, allowing change points to depend on time, fixed predictors, and random effects. Observed data consist of multivariate categorical indicators, which change dynamically in a flexible manner according to latent class status. Given the flexibility of the framework, which incorporates semi-parametric components using mixtures of betas, identifiability constraints are needed to define the latent classes. Such constraints are most appropriately based on the known biology of the process. The Bayesian method is developed particularly for analyzing mucus symptom data from a study of women using natural family planning.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"66","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Biometrics"}}},"pageStart":"905","pageEnd":"913","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0420.2009.01327.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48257634"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1541-0420.2009.01327.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19751248"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q48257634"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/severity-of-interstitial-cystitis-symptoms-and-quality-of-life-in-female-patient-rec55ajcwjpfxmazp/","name":"Severity of interstitial cystitis symptoms and quality of life in female  patients","headline":"Severity of interstitial cystitis symptoms and quality of life in female  patients","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/severity-of-interstitial-cystitis-symptoms-and-quality-of-life-in-female-patient-rec55ajcwjpfxmazp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Samar R El Khoudary","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2913-0821","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pittsburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"El Khoudary SR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Evelyn O Talbott","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5198-7939","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pittsburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joyce T Bromberger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7101-3800","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pittsburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chun-Pin Chang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0061-3478","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, and Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas J Songer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5253-2514","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pittsburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Edward L Davis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0625-4533","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Citrus Valley Medical Research, Inc., Glendora, California."}}],"datePublished":"2009-09-12","abstract":"Objective: Interstitial cystitis (IC) is a visceral pain syndrome with a profound impact on quality of life (QOL). The main aims of the current study are as follows: (1) to determine possible factors that may increase the severity of symptoms and decrease QOL in women diagnosed with IC; (2) to study how symptom severity affects QOL adjusting for these factors; and (3) to investigate which symptom is most likely to impair IC patients' physical and mental QOL.\n\nMethods: Forty-one women (age, 20-71 years) with moderate/severe IC enrolled in a clinical trial of intravesical pentosan polysulfate sodium in California (USA) were included in this cross-sectional analysis. Demographic and clinical characteristics were evaluated at baseline using the O'Leary-Sant Interstitial Cystitis Symptom Index (ICSI), pain assessment, urgency scale, voiding log for 24 h, and the Short Form-36 (SF-36).\n\nResults: Being currently unmarried was associated with more severe symptoms. Being unemployed, currently unmarried, obese, never pregnant, and ever use of oral contraceptive were associated with a decrement in at least one QOL domain. Symptom severity was an independent predictor of worse QOL on three domains: bodily pain, general health, and mental health. Pain and nocturia were the only symptoms found to be associated with decline in overall physical quality of life. None of the symptoms had significant impact on the mental component summary of QOL.\n\nConclusions: Symptom severity and being currently unmarried were found to be associated with impairment in QOL in IC patients. Managing pain and nocturia may improve the patients' overall physical QOL.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Women's Health (2002)"}}},"pageStart":"1361","pageEnd":"1368","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2008.1270","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46857199"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1089/jwh.2008.1270"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19743907"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46857199"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/repeat-low-trauma-fractures-occur-frequently-among-men-and-women-who-have-osteop-recr8ryfeggv8feoy/","name":"Repeat low-trauma fractures occur frequently among men and women who have osteopenic BMD","headline":"Repeat low-trauma fractures occur frequently among men and women who have osteopenic BMD","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/repeat-low-trauma-fractures-occur-frequently-among-men-and-women-who-have-osteop-recr8ryfeggv8feoy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa Langsetmo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2245-1657","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher S Kovacs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5219-9993","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John’s, NL, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04haebc03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Hanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandra Papaioannou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9412-0932","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Papaionnou A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jamal SA and the CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sophie A Jamal","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nancy Kreiger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert G Josse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-6264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W P Olszynski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2834-8645","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Saskatchewan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63"}}],"datePublished":"2009-09-01","abstract":"Fracture risk assessment based solely on BMD has limitations. Additional risk factors include the presence of a previous low-trauma fracture. We sought to quantify the fracture burden attributable to first versus repeat fracture. We studied 2179 men and 5269 women, 50-90 yr of age, participating in the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos). We included all low-trauma fractures that occurred over 8 yr of follow-up and classified these as either first or repeat clinical low-trauma fracture based on lifetime fracture history. Analyses were further stratified by sex, age, BMD risk categories (normal, osteopenia, osteoporosis), and vertebral deformity status. There were 128 fractures in men and 577 fractures in women. About 25% of fractures in men and 40% in women were repeat fractures. Just over one half of first fractures occurred in those with osteopenic BMD (58% in men, 54% in women). Just under one half of repeat fractures also occurred in those with osteopenic BMD (42% in men, 47% in women). The incidence of repeat fracture was, in most cases, nearly double, but sometimes nearly quadruple, the incidence of first fracture within a given BMD risk category in both men and women. Repeat fractures contribute substantially to overall fracture burden, and the contribution is independent of BMD. Furthermore, those with a combination of prior low-trauma fracture and another risk factor were at especially high risk of future fracture.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"J Bone Miner Res"}}},"pageStart":"1515","pageEnd":"1522","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1359/jbmr.090319","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37401863"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1359/jbmr.090319"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19338456"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37401863"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-venous-thrombotic-risk-of-oral-contraceptives-effects-of-oestrogen-dose-and--recry6vunxmzsxhkw/","name":"The venous thrombotic risk of oral contraceptives, effects of oestrogen dose and  progestogen type: results of the MEGA case-control study","headline":"The venous thrombotic risk of oral contraceptives, effects of oestrogen dose and  progestogen type: results of the MEGA case-control study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-venous-thrombotic-risk-of-oral-contraceptives-effects-of-oestrogen-dose-and--recry6vunxmzsxhkw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A van Hylckama Vlieg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7386-1168","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Leiden University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xvt9f17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"van Hylckama Vlieg A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Vandenbroucke","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5668-6716","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Leiden University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xvt9f17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C J M Doggen"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Doggen CJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"F R Rosendaal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2558-7496","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Leiden University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xvt9f17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Frans M Helmerhorst","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Leiden University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xvt9f17"}}],"datePublished":"2009-08-15","abstract":"Objective: To assess the thrombotic risk associated with oral contraceptive use with a focus on dose of oestrogen and type of progestogen of oral contraceptives available in the Netherlands.\nDesign: Population based case-control study.\nSetting: Six participating anticoagulation clinics in the Netherlands (Amersfoort, Amsterdam, The Hague, Leiden, Rotterdam, and Utrecht).\n\nParticipants: Premenopausal women <50 years old who were not pregnant, not within four weeks postpartum, and not using a hormone excreting intrauterine device or depot contraceptive. Analysis included 1524 patients and 1760 controls.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: First objectively diagnosed episodes of deep venous thrombosis of the leg or pulmonary embolism. Odds ratios calculated by cross-tabulation with a 95% confidence interval according to Woolf's method; adjusted odds ratios estimated by unconditional logistic regression, standard errors derived from the model.\n\nResults: Currently available oral contraceptives increased the risk of venous thrombosis fivefold compared with non-use (odds ratio 5.0, 95% CI 4.2 to 5.8). The risk clearly differed by type of progestogen and dose of oestrogen. The use of oral contraceptives containing levonorgestrel was associated with an almost fourfold increased risk of venous thrombosis (odds ratio 3.6, 2.9 to 4.6) relative to non-users, whereas the risk of venous thrombosis compared with non-use was increased 5.6-fold for gestodene (5.6, 3.7 to 8.4), 7.3-fold for desogestrel (7.3, 5.3 to 10.0), 6.8-fold for cyproterone acetate (6.8, 4.7 to 10.0), and 6.3-fold for drospirenone (6.3, 2.9 to 13.7). The risk of venous thrombosis was positively associated with oestrogen dose. We confirmed a high risk of venous thrombosis during the first months of oral contraceptive use irrespective of the type of oral contraceptives.\n\nConclusions: Currently available oral contraceptives still have a major impact on thrombosis occurrence and many women do not use the safest brands with regard to risk of venous thrombosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"339","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"aug13 2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.)"}}},"pageStart":"b2921","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.b2921","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37305295"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj.b2921"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19679614"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37305295"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-contraception-and-risk-of-venous-thromboembolism-national-follow-up-stu-recjdkwocln3ekt3k/","name":"Hormonal contraception and risk of venous thromboembolism: national follow-up  study","headline":"Hormonal contraception and risk of venous thromboembolism: national follow-up  study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-contraception-and-risk-of-venous-thromboembolism-national-follow-up-stu-recjdkwocln3ekt3k/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Øjvind Lidegaard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9157-4004","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rigshospitalet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mchdq19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ellen Løkkegaard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4149-5663","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035b05819"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carsten Agger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Glostrup Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p1frt18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anne Louise Svendsen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035b05819"}}],"datePublished":"2009-08-15","abstract":"Objective: To assess the risk of venous thrombosis in current users of different types of hormonal contraception, focusing on regimen, oestrogen dose, type of progestogen, and route of administration.\nDesign: National cohort study.\nSetting: Denmark, 1995-2005.\n\nParticipants: Danish women aged 15-49 with no history of cardiovascular or malignant disease.\n\nMain Outcome Measures: Adjusted rate ratios for all first time deep venous thrombosis, portal thrombosis, thrombosis of caval vein, thrombosis of renal vein, unspecified deep vein thrombosis, and pulmonary embolism during the study period.\n\nResults: 10.4 million woman years were recorded, 3.3 million woman years in receipt of oral contraceptives. In total, 4213 venous thrombotic events were observed, 2045 in current users of oral contraceptives. The overall absolute risk of venous thrombosis per 10 000 woman years in non-users of oral contraceptives was 3.01 and in current users was 6.29. Compared with non-users of combined oral contraceptives the rate ratio of venous thrombembolism in current users decreased with duration of use (<1 year 4.17, 95% confidence interval 3.73 to 4.66, 1-4 years 2.98, 2.73 to 3.26, and >4 years 2.76, 2.53 to 3.02; P<0.001) and with decreasing dose of oestrogen. Compared with oral contraceptives containing levonorgestrel and with the same dose of oestrogen and length of use, the rate ratio for oral contraceptives with norethisterone was 0.98 (0.71 to 1.37), with norgestimate 1.19 (0.96 to 1.47), with desogestrel 1.82 (1.49 to 2.22), with gestodene 1.86 (1.59 to 2.18), with drospirenone 1.64 (1.27 to 2.10), and with cyproterone 1.88 (1.47 to 2.42). Compared with non-users of oral contraceptives, the rate ratio for venous thromboembolism in users of progestogen only oral contraceptives with levonorgestrel or norethisterone was 0.59 (0.33 to 1.03) or with 75 mug desogestrel was 1.12 (0.36 to 3.49), and for hormone releasing intrauterine devices was 0.90 (0.64 to 1.26).\n\nConclusion: The risk of venous thrombosis in current users of combined oral contraceptives decreases with duration of use and decreasing oestrogen dose. For the same dose of oestrogen and the same length of use, oral contraceptives with desogestrel, gestodene, or drospirenone were associated with a significantly higher risk of venous thrombosis than oral contraceptives with levonorgestrel. Progestogen only pills and hormone releasing intrauterine devices were not associated with any increased risk of venous thrombosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"339","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"aug13 2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.)"}}},"pageStart":"b2890","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.b2890","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37305290"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj.b2890"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19679613"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37305290"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relation-between-fractures-and-mortality-results-from-the-canadian-multicentre-o-rect7umrz3hdanrjf/","name":"Relation between fractures and mortality: results from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study","headline":"Relation between fractures and mortality: results from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relation-between-fractures-and-mortality-results-from-the-canadian-multicentre-o-rect7umrz3hdanrjf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"G Ioannidis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6956-5737","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W M Hopman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3162-8754","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kingston General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03zq81960"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N. Akhtar-Danesh"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Noori Akhtar‐Danesh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3824-0881","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tassos Anastassiades","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5805-0364","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Pickard","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Joseph's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02cmyty27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C C Kennedy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2747-3268"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W P Olszynski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2834-8645","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Saskatchewan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Shawn Davison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8123-7680","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kelly Davison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1965-4691","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Osteoporosis Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02a7qmj40"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lehana Thabane","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8307-3568","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Impact","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05d9dsr70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amiran Gafni","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8279-8172","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Hanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandra Papaioannou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9412-0932","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1406-4251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emmanuel A Papadimitropoulos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3688-523X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eli Lilly (Canada)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p8kt313"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert G Josse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-6264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}}],"datePublished":"2009-08-04","abstract":"Background: Fractures have largely been assessed by their impact on quality of life or health care costs. We conducted this study to evaluate the relation between fractures and mortality.\n\nMethods: A total of 7753 randomly selected people (2187 men and 5566 women) aged 50 years and older from across Canada participated in a 5-year observational cohort study. Incident fractures were identified on the basis of validated self-report and were classified by type (vertebral, pelvic, forearm or wrist, rib, hip and \"other\"). We subdivided fracture groups by the year in which the fracture occurred during follow-up; those occurring in the fourth and fifth years were grouped together. We examined the relation between the time of the incident fracture and death.\n\nResults: Compared with participants who had no fracture during follow-up, those who had a vertebral fracture in the second year were at increased risk of death (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 2.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1-6.6); also at risk were those who had a hip fracture during the first year (adjusted HR 3.2, 95% CI 1.4-7.4). Among women, the risk of death was increased for those with a vertebral fracture during the first year (adjusted HR 3.7, 95% CI 1.1-12.8) or the second year of follow-up (adjusted HR 3.2, 95% CI 1.2-8.1). The risk of death was also increased among women with hip fracture during the first year of follow-up (adjusted HR 3.0, 95% CI 1.0-8.7).\n\nInterpretation: Vertebral and hip fractures are associated with an increased risk of death. Interventions that reduce the incidence of these fractures need to be implemented to improve survival.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"181","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"CMAJ"}}},"pageStart":"265","pageEnd":"271","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.081720","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37324513"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1503/cmaj.081720"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19654194"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37324513"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relevance-of-gastrointestinal-symptoms-in-endometriosis-kbki7erl/","name":"Relevance of gastrointestinal symptoms in endometriosis","headline":"Relevance of gastrointestinal symptoms in endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relevance-of-gastrointestinal-symptoms-in-endometriosis-kbki7erl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Maroun P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cooper MJ","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2477-5965"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Reid GD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marc J. N. C. Keirse","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"KU Leuven","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05f950310"}}],"datePublished":"2009-08-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Endometriosis commonly presents with a range of symptoms none of which are particularly specific for the condition, often resulting in misdiagnosis or delay in diagnosis.\n\nAIM: To investigate gastrointestinal symptoms in women with endometriosis and compare their frequency with that of the classical gynaecological symptoms.\n\nMETHODS: Systematic exploration of symptoms in a consecutive series of 355 women undergoing operative laparoscopy for suspected endometriosis.\n\nRESULTS: Endometriosis was confirmed by histology in 290 women (84.5%). Bowel lesions were present in only 7.6%. Ninety per cent of women had gastrointestinal symptoms, of which bloating was the most common (82.8%), but 71.3% also had other bowel symptoms. All gastrointestinal symptoms were similarly predictive of histologically confirmed endometriosis. Seventy-six women (21.4%) had previously been diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome and 79% of them had endometriosis confirmed.\n\nCONCLUSION: Gastrointestinal symptoms are nearly as common as gynaecological symptoms in women with endometriosis and do not necessarily reflect bowel involvement.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"49","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Australian & New Zealand journal of obstetrics & gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"411","pageEnd":"4","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1479-828X.2009.01030.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84437838"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1479-828X.2009.01030.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19694698"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q84437838"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/managing-the-complications-associated-with-assisted-reproductive-technologies-xgjswrhj/","name":"Managing the complications associated with assisted reproductive technologies","headline":"Managing the complications associated with assisted reproductive technologies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/managing-the-complications-associated-with-assisted-reproductive-technologies-xgjswrhj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Patchava S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gelbaya TA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nardo LG"}],"datePublished":"2009-08-01","abstract":"Delaying conception has increased the demand on assisted reproduction. Currently, more than 1% of children are conceived through assisted reproductive technologies (ART) worldwide and this number is likely to continue increasing. Like any other medical intervention ART is associated with both short-term and long-term complications. The major short-term complications include ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) and multiple pregnancies. OHSS is difficult to predict, but meticulous preventive strategies and protocols are being developed that may limit it. Most of the morbidities in children born after ART are related to multiple pregnancies. New laboratory methodologies may allow the transfer of fewer embryos to maintain satisfactory live birth rates while reducing the risk of multiple pregnancies. In vitro fertilization may be associated with a slight increased risk for birth defects. Analysis of possible risks from these techniques is confounded by factors of underlying parental subfertility, fertility treatments and multiple births. The long-term sequelae remain largely undetermined. All outcomes of ART, including pregnancy rates and adverse complications, need to be compared with standard non-ART when deciding the appropriate course of treatment. The importance of counselling should never be ignored in any treatment decision.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"61","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Minerva ginecologica"}}},"pageStart":"347","pageEnd":"55","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84543618","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19745799"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q84543618"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-role-of-prolactin--and-endometriosis-associated-infertility-rectqan298jaajkqg/","name":"The role of prolactin- and endometriosis-associated infertility","headline":"The role of prolactin- and endometriosis-associated infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-role-of-prolactin--and-endometriosis-associated-infertility-rectqan298jaajkqg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hongbo Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0162-5371","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Union Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/055gkcy74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Barry Behr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nowiah Gorpudolo"}],"datePublished":"2009-07-25","abstract":"This review will address the current understanding of the relationship between prolactin (PRL) and endometriosis-associated infertility. Although the exact mechanisms of action of hyperprolactinemia in patients with endometriosis-associated infertility have not been clearly established, this report reviews results from relevant studies in the literature. These include serum PRL levels in endometriosis-associated infertility, PRL receptors in ectopic endometriotic tissues, basal PRL levels after TSH and Danazol (isoxazolic derivative of the synthetic steroid 5alpha-ethinyl-testosterone) therapy, peritoneal fluid and nocturnal serum PRL levels in endometriosis, infertility, and luteal phase PRL concentrations in patients with endometriosis. TARGET AUDIENCE: Obstetricians & Gynecologists, Family Physicians. LEARNING Objectives: After completion of this article, the reader should be able to explain the relationship between prolactinand endometriosis-associated infertility, relate endometriosis with infertility, and summarize two ways in which prolactin and endometriosis may be linked in the pathophysiology of infertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"64","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey"}}},"pageStart":"542","pageEnd":"547","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/OGX.0b013e3181ab5479","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37558770"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/OGX.0b013e3181ab5479"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19624865"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37558770"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptives-and-postmenopausal-hormones-and-risk-of-contralateral-breast-recfzjj6ywb7pqygk/","name":"Oral contraceptives and postmenopausal hormones and risk of contralateral breast  cancer among BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers and noncarriers: the WECARE Study","headline":"Oral contraceptives and postmenopausal hormones and risk of contralateral breast  cancer among BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers and noncarriers: the WECARE Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptives-and-postmenopausal-hormones-and-risk-of-contralateral-breast-recfzjj6ywb7pqygk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jane C Figueiredo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8040-3341","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert W Haile","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6902-1836","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leslie Bernstein","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1458-7597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042twtr12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathleen E Malone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5643-6714","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wayne State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01070mq45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bryan Langholz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9433-8664","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Charles F Lynch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9542-6439","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Iowa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036jqmy94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marinela Capanu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4953-3193","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02yrq0923"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Concannon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5801-1859","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Virginia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0153tk833"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ake Borg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1087-1120","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Lund University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012a77v79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Børresen-Dale AL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anne‐Lise Børresen‐Dale","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oslo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01xtthb56"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sharon N. Teraoka","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Virginia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0153tk833"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shanyan Xue","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8318-1967","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonine L Bernstein","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8634-3837","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02yrq0923"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisbeth Bertelsen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Danish Cancer Society","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ytt7k16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anne-Lise Børresen-Dale"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anh Diep","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joan Largent","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Irvine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Therese Torngren","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Lund University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012a77v79"}}],"datePublished":"2009-07-15","abstract":"The potential effects of oral contraceptive (OC) and postmenopausal hormone (PMH) use are not well understood among BRCA1 or BRCA2 (BRCA1/2) deleterious mutation carriers with a history of breast cancer. We investigated the association between OC and PMH use and risk of contralateral breast cancer (CBC) in the WECARE (Women's Environment, Cancer, and Radiation Epidemiology) Study. The WECARE Study is a population-based case-control study of 705 women with asynchronous CBC and 1,398 women with unilateral breast cancer, including 181 BRCA1/2 mutation carriers. Risk-factor information was assessed by telephone interview. Mutation status was measured using denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography followed by direct sequencing in all participants. Outcomes, treatment, and tumor characteristics were abstracted from medical records. Ever use of OCs was not associated with risk among noncarriers (RR = 0.87; 95% CI = 0.66-1.15) or BRCA2 carriers (RR = 0.82; 95% CI = 0.21-3.13). BRCA1 carriers who used OCs had a nonsignificant greater risk than nonusers (RR = 2.38; 95% CI = 0.72-7.83). Total duration of OC use and at least 5 years of use before age 30 were associated with a nonsignificant increased risk among mutation carriers but not among noncarriers. Few women had ever used PMH and we found no significant associations between lifetime use and CBC risk among carriers and noncarriers. In conclusion, the association between OC/PMH use and risk of CBC does not differ significantly between carriers and noncarriers; however, because carriers have a higher baseline risk of second primaries, even a potential small increase in risk as a result of OC use may be clinically relevant.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"120","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Breast Cancer Research and Treatment"}}},"pageStart":"175","pageEnd":"183","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-009-0455-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30433319"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s10549-009-0455-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19597986"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q30433319"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mitochondrial-functions-on-oocytes-and-preimplantation-embryos-4gjvth0o/","name":"Mitochondrial functions on oocytes and preimplantation embryos","headline":"Mitochondrial functions on oocytes and preimplantation embryos","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mitochondrial-functions-on-oocytes-and-preimplantation-embryos-4gjvth0o/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Wang LY"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wang DH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zou XY"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xu CM"}],"datePublished":"2009-07-01","abstract":"Oocyte quality has long been considered as a main limiting factor for in vitro fertilization (IVF). In the past decade, extensive observations demonstrated that the mitochondrion plays a vital role in the oocyte cytoplasm, for it can provide adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for fertilization and preimplantation embryo development and also act as stores of intracellular calcium and proapoptotic factors. During the oocyte maturation, mitochondria are characterized by distinct changes of their distribution pattern from being homogeneous to heterogeneous, which is correlated with the cumulus apoptosis. Oocyte quality decreases with the increasing maternal age. Recent studies have shown that low quality oocytes have some age-related dysfunctions, which include the decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, increase of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damages, chromosomal aneuploidies, the incidence of apoptosis, and changes in mitochondrial gene expression. All these dysfunctions may cause a high level of developmental retardation and arrest of preimplantation embryos. It has been suggested that these mitochondrial changes may arise from excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) that is closely associated with the oxidative energy production or calcium overload, which may trigger permeability transition pore opening and subsequent apoptosis. Therefore, mitochondria can be seen as signs for oocyte quality evaluation, and it is possible that the oocyte quality can be improved by enhancing the physical function of mitochondria. Here we reviewed recent advances in mitochondrial functions on oocytes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B"}}},"pageStart":"483","pageEnd":"92","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B0820379","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37248415"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1631/jzus.B0820379"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19585665"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37248415"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/route-of-administration-of-contraceptives-containing-desogestreletonorgestrel-an-cvte4cvf/","name":"Route of administration of contraceptives containing desogestrel/etonorgestrel and insulin sensitivity: a prospective randomized study","headline":"Route of administration of contraceptives containing desogestrel/etonorgestrel and insulin sensitivity: a prospective randomized study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/route-of-administration-of-contraceptives-containing-desogestreletonorgestrel-an-cvte4cvf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Angelo Cagnacci","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2714-623X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ferrari S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tirelli A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Renata Zanin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Annibale Volpe","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02"}}],"datePublished":"2009-07-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: The study was conducted to investigate whether hormonal contraceptives administered via the oral and vaginal route exert a similar effect on insulin sensitivity (SI).\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: This is a prospective, randomized study performed in the University Hospital. Subjects were healthy lean young women, needing a hormonal contraceptive, randomly allocated to receive for 6 months (a) an oral contraceptive (OC) containing 30 mcg ethinylestradiol (EE)/150 mcg desogestrel (DSG) (high-estrogen group; n=12), (b) an OC containing 20 mcg EE/150 mcg DSG (low-estrogen group; n=12) and (c) a vaginal ring contraceptive releasing, per day, 15 mcg EE/120 mcg etonorgestrel, the active DSG metabolite (n=12). SI and glucose utilization independent of insulin (Sg) were evaluated by the minimal model method. Modifications of total, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides were also evaluated.\n\nRESULTS: Sg did not vary with any treatment. SI decreased during OCs (5.74+/-0.49 vs. 3.86+/-0.44; p=.0005), independently of the high/low-estrogen dose. SI did not decrease during vaginal ring use (4.64+/-1.03 vs. 5.25+/-1.36; p=.57; p=.019 vs. oral). Total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol increased (p=.02) during OCs, independently of the dose. Triglycerides increased during both oral (p=.01) and vaginal (p=.032) contraceptive use.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: The present data indicate that in contrast to OC use, vaginal contraception with the ring does not deteriorate SI. The vaginal ring may represent an appropriate choice for long-term contraception in women at risk for developing diabetes mellitus or metabolic syndrome.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"80","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"34","pageEnd":"9","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2009.01.012","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45980560"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.contraception.2009.01.012"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19501213"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q45980560"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/melatonin-and-the-ovary-physiological-and-pathophysiological-implications-ilqbq3bx/","name":"Melatonin and the ovary: physiological and pathophysiological implications","headline":"Melatonin and the ovary: physiological and pathophysiological implications","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/melatonin-and-the-ovary-physiological-and-pathophysiological-implications-ilqbq3bx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hiroshi Tamura","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6258-4572","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yamaguchi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03cxys317"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y Nakamura","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7205-3142","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yamaguchi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03cxys317"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Korkmaz A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Manchester LC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tan DX"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Norihiro Sugino","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8874-7931","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yamaguchi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03cxys317"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Reiter RJ"}],"datePublished":"2009-07-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To summarize the role of melatonin in the physiology and pathophysiology of the ovary.\n\nDESIGN: Review of literature.\n\nSETTING: University Health Science Center.\n\nRESULT(S): Melatonin plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of many reproductive processes. Human preovulatory follicular fluid (FF) contains higher concentrations of melatonin than does plasma, and melatonin receptors are present in ovarian granulosa cells (GC). Melatonin has been shown to have direct effects on ovarian function. Reactive oxygen species and apoptosis are involved in a number of reproductive events including folliculogenesis, follicular atresia, ovulation, oocyte maturation, and corpus luteum (CL) formation. Melatonin and its metabolites are powerful antioxidants; the primitive and primary function of melatonin may be its actions as a receptor-independent free radical scavenger and a broad-spectrum antioxidant. A large amount of scientific evidence supports a local role of melatonin in the human reproductive processes. The indole also has potential roles in the pathophysiology of endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and premature ovarian failure (POF).\n\nCONCLUSION(S): We summarize the current understanding of melatonin's essential functions in the human ovary. Melatonin could become an important medication for improving ovarian function and oocyte quality, and open new opportunities for the management of several ovarian diseases.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"92","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"328","pageEnd":"43","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.05.016","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37274189"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.05.016"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18804205"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37274189"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mittelschmerz-mimicking-appendicitis-y7wqnem3/","name":"Mittelschmerz mimicking appendicitis","headline":"Mittelschmerz mimicking appendicitis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mittelschmerz-mimicking-appendicitis-y7wqnem3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Durai R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ng PC"}],"datePublished":"2009-07-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"70","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British journal of hospital medicine (London, England : 2005)"}}},"pageStart":"419","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.12968/hmed.2009.70.7.43133","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45936291"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.12968/hmed.2009.70.7.43133"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19584789"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q45936291"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/detecting-evidence-of-luteal-activity-by-least-squares-quantitative-basal-temper-recv9htospz3kxgal/","name":"Detecting evidence of luteal activity by least-squares quantitative basal temperature analysis against urinary progesterone metabolites and the effect of wake-time variability","headline":"Detecting evidence of luteal activity by least-squares quantitative basal temperature analysis against urinary progesterone metabolites and the effect of wake-time variability","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/detecting-evidence-of-luteal-activity-by-least-squares-quantitative-basal-temper-recv9htospz3kxgal/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan I Barr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8701-7152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jennifer L Bedford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2508-8545","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine L Hitchcock","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation Research, Division of Endocrinology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2009-06-23","abstract":"Objective: To assess computerised least-squares analysis of quantitative basal temperature (LS-BT) against urinary pregnanediol glucuronide (PdG) as an indirect measure of ovulation, and to evaluate the stability of LS-QBT to wake-time variation.\n\nStudy Design: Cross-sectional study of 40 healthy, normal-weight, regularly menstruating women aged 19-34. Participants recorded basal temperature and collected first void urine daily for one complete menstrual cycle. Evidence of luteal activity (ELA), an indirect ovulation indicator, was assessed using Kassam's PdG algorithm, which identifies a sustained 3-day PdG rise, and the LS-QBT algorithm, by determining whether the temperature curve is significantly biphasic. Cycles were classified as ELA(+) or ELA(-). We explored the need to pre-screen for wake-time variations by repeating the analysis using: (A) all recorded temperatures, (B) wake-time adjusted temperatures, (C) temperatures within 2h of average wake-time, and (D) expert reviewed temperatures.\n\nResults: Relative to PdG, classification of cycles as ELA(+) was 35 of 36 for LS-QBT methods A and B, 33 of 34 (method C) and 30 of 31 (method D). Classification of cycles as ELA(-) was 1 of 4 (methods A and B) and 0 of 3 (methods C and D). Positive predictive value was 92% for methods A-C and 91% for method D. Negative predictive value was 50% for methods A and B and 0% for methods C and D. Overall accuracy was 90% for methods A and B, 89% for method C and 88% for method D. The day of a significant temperature increase by LS-QBT and the first day of a sustained PdG rise were correlated (r=0.803, 0.741, 0.651, 0.747 for methods A-D, respectively, all p<0.001).\n\nConclusion: LS-QBT showed excellent detection of ELA(+) cycles (sensitivity, positive predictive value) but poor detection of ELA(-) cycles (specificity, negative predictive value) relative to urinary PdG. Correlations between the methods and overall accuracy were good and similar for all analyses. Findings suggest that LS-QBT is robust to wake-time variability and that expert interpretation is unnecessary. This method shows promise for use as an epidemiological tool to document cyclic progesterone increase. Further validation relative to daily transvaginal ultrasound is required.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"146","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"}}},"pageStart":"76","pageEnd":"80","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2009.05.001","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45954491"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ejogrb.2009.05.001"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19552997"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q45954491"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/direct-to-participant-feedback-and-awareness-of-bone-mineral-density-testing-res-recm71stduomqnwef/","name":"Direct-to-participant feedback and awareness of bone mineral density testing  results in a population-based sample of mid-aged Canadians","headline":"Direct-to-participant feedback and awareness of bone mineral density testing  results in a population-based sample of mid-aged Canadians","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/direct-to-participant-feedback-and-awareness-of-bone-mineral-density-testing-res-recm71stduomqnwef/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Elaine Kingwell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1956-1700","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Coastal Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bd8jh67"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P A Ratner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6826-7583","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sean Kennedy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4393-9785","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"John Radcliffe Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0080acb59"}}],"datePublished":"2009-06-06","abstract":"This population-based study of mid-aged Canadians assessed awareness of diagnosis by bone mineral density (BMD) following dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) testing and compared the effects of feedback only to the physician with direct-to-participant feedback. Poor recall of osteoporosis results was observed irrespective of the feedback destination, but direct-to-participant feedback improved recall of borderline or normal results.\nIntroduction: BMD testing provides information about fracture risk. This study assessed whether awareness of results, in a random population sample of mid-aged Canadians, differed if results were provided to physicians only or directly to participants.\n\nMethods: Prospective cohort study of 2,678 women and men aged 40-60 years from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study. Participants completed hip and spine DXA and interviewer-administered questionnaires regarding demographics and osteoporosis risk factors. Lateral spine X-rays were conducted on those > or =50 years of age. All test results were reported to the participant, the family physician or both. Associations between BMD results, feedback destination and correct self-report results, 3 years later, were assessed using logistic regression while adjusting for potential confounders.\n\nResults: Only 25% of men and 33% of women correctly reported their osteoporosis diagnoses. Direct-to-participant vs. physician-only reports did not improve recall of osteoporosis diagnosis but improved recall of borderline or normal BMD. Older (vs. younger) men and men with prevalent vertebral fractures demonstrated better recall of their osteoporosis diagnosis.\n\nConclusions: Recall of low BMD results was poor, despite direct-to-participant feedback and even in the presence of other osteoporosis risk factors. Direct-to-participant feedback may improve awareness of borderline or normal BMD results.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Osteoporosis International : a Journal Established As Result of Cooperation  Between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis  Foundation of the USA"}}},"pageStart":"307","pageEnd":"319","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-009-0966-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51868135"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00198-009-0966-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19495825"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q51868135"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-intrapartum-oxytocin-administration-and-epidural-analgesia-on-the-con-ij0zouv2/","name":"Effects of intrapartum oxytocin administration and epidural analgesia on the concentration of plasma oxytocin and prolactin, in response to suckling during the second day postpartum","headline":"Effects of intrapartum oxytocin administration and epidural analgesia on the concentration of plasma oxytocin and prolactin, in response to suckling during the second day postpartum","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-intrapartum-oxytocin-administration-and-epidural-analgesia-on-the-con-ij0zouv2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonas W"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Johansson LM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nissen E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ejdebäck M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ransjö-Arvidson AB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Uvnäs-Moberg K"}],"datePublished":"2009-06-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Oxytocin and prolactin stimulate milk ejection and milk production during breastfeeding. The aim of the present study was to make a detailed analysis of maternal release of oxytocin and prolactin in response to breastfeeding during the second day postpartum in mothers who had received oxytocin either intravenously for stimulation of labor or intramuscularly for prevention of postpartum hemorrhage and/or epidural analgesia or those who had received no such treatment in connection with birth.\n\nMETHODS: In a descriptive comparative study plasma oxytocin and prolactin concentrations were measured in response to suckling during the second day postpartum in women who had received intravenous intrapartum oxytocin (n = 8), intramuscular postpartum oxytocin (n = 13), or epidural analgesia, either with (n = 14) or without (n = 6) intrapartum oxytocin infusion, and women who received none of these interventions (n = 20). Hormone levels were analyzed by enzyme immunoassay.\n\nRESULTS: All mothers showed a pulsatile oxytocin pattern during the first 10 minutes of breastfeeding. Women who had received epidural analgesia with oxytocin infusion had the lowest endogenous median oxytocin levels. The more oxytocin infusion the mothers had received during labor, the lower their endogenous oxytocin levels were during a breastfeeding during the second day postpartum. A significant rise of prolactin was observed after 20 minutes in all women, but after 10 minutes in mothers having received oxytocin infusion during labor. In all women, oxytocin variability and the rise of prolactin levels between 0 and 20 minutes correlated significantly with median oxytocin and prolactin levels.\n\nCONCLUSION: Oxytocin, released in a pulsatile way, and prolactin were released by breastfeeding during the second day postpartum. Oxytocin infusion decreased endogenous oxytocin levels dose-dependently. Furthermore, oxytocin infusion facilitated the release of prolactin. Epidural analgesia in combination with oxytocin infusion influenced endogenous oxytocin levels negatively.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Breastfeeding medicine : the official journal of the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"71","pageEnd":"82","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1089/bfm.2008.0002","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34942635"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1089/bfm.2008.0002"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19210132"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34942635"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/obesity-in-pregnancy-risks-and-management-ljf7gphx/","name":"Obesity in pregnancy: risks and management","headline":"Obesity in pregnancy: risks and management","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/obesity-in-pregnancy-risks-and-management-ljf7gphx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Fitzsimons KJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Modder J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Greer IA"}],"datePublished":"2009-06-01","abstract":"Maternal obesity is now considered one of the most commonly occurring risk factors seen in obstetric practice. Compared with women with a healthy pre-pregnancy weight, women with obesity are at increased risk of miscarriage, gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, venous thromboembolism, induced labour, caesarean section, anaesthetic complications and wound infections, and they are less likely to initiate or maintain breastfeeding. Babies of obese mothers are at increased risk of stillbirth, congenital anomalies, prematurity, macrosomia and neonatal death. Intrauterine exposure to obesity is also associated with an increased risk of developing obesity and metabolic disorders in childhood. This article reviews the prevalence of obesity in pregnancy and the associated maternal and fetal complications. Recommendations and suggestions for pre-conception, antenatal and postnatal care of women with obesity are presented, and current research in the UK and future research priorities are considered.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetric medicine"}}},"pageStart":"52","pageEnd":"62","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1258/om.2009.090009","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37186304"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1258/om.2009.090009"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27582812"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37186304"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-factors-according-to-estrogen-receptor-status-of-breast-cancer-patients-in--recrtfkxlumwfxjbz/","name":"Risk factors according to estrogen receptor status of breast cancer patients in  Trivandrum, South India","headline":"Risk factors according to estrogen receptor status of breast cancer patients in  Trivandrum, South India","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-factors-according-to-estrogen-receptor-status-of-breast-cancer-patients-in--recrtfkxlumwfxjbz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Subhojit Dey","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1844-6938","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Michigan–Ann Arbor","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paolo Boffetta","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3811-2791","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre International de Recherche sur le Cancer","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00v452281"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anitha Mathews","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5359-0647","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Regional Cancer Center, Thiruvananthapuram","sameAs":"https://ror.org/011azg567"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paul Brennan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4850-3478","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre International de Recherche sur le Cancer","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00v452281"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amr S. Soliman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2284-360X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Michigan–Ann Arbor","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aleyamma Mathew","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1574-7356","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Regional Cancer Center, Thiruvananthapuram","sameAs":"https://ror.org/011azg567"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amr Soliman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7670-3704","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Benha University Faculty of Science"}}],"datePublished":"2009-05-20","abstract":"Estrogen receptor (ER) status is an important biomarker in defining subtypes of breast cancer differing in antihormonal therapy response, risk factors and prognosis. However, little is known about association of ER status with various risk factors in the developing world. Our case-control study done in Kerala, India looked at the associations of ER status and risk factors of breast cancer. From 2002 to 2005, 1,208 cases and controls were selected at the Regional Cancer Center (RCC), Trivandrum, Kerala, India. Information was collected using a","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"125","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Cancer"}}},"pageStart":"1663","pageEnd":"1670","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.24460","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39885345"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/ijc.24460"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19452528"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39885345"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/laparoscopic-management-of-endometriosis-comprehensive-review-of-best-evidence-recukwilie2aassf5/","name":"Laparoscopic management of endometriosis: comprehensive review of best evidence","headline":"Laparoscopic management of endometriosis: comprehensive review of best evidence","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/laparoscopic-management-of-endometriosis-comprehensive-review-of-best-evidence-recukwilie2aassf5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"James Shwayder","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5696-646X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Louisville","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ckdn478"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Resad Pasic","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8470-1960","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Louisville","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ckdn478"}}],"datePublished":"2009-05-09","abstract":"STUDY Objective: To provide a comprehensive review of the best evidence available in the laparoscopic management of endometriosis for pain and/or fertility and to provide practical recommendations based on this information.\nDesign: Review article of randomized controlled trials.\n\nPatients: Women with endometriosis.\n\nMethods: A systematic search was performed of the Cochrane Library and MEDLINE database for randomized controlled trials relating only to laparoscopic management of endometriosis. The information from 7 Cochrane review articles and 35 original randomized trials is presented in a clinically relevant question-and-answer format.\n\nConclusions: Awareness of endometriosis as a disease with substantial morbidity is vitally important. Laparoscopic treatment of endometriosis is beneficial for reducing pain and improving fertility. Laparoscopic presacral neurectomy, but not laparoscopic uterosacral nerve ablation, is a useful adjunct to conservative surgery for endometriosis in patients with a midline component of pain. Preoperative hormonal suppression with gonadotropin-receptor hormone analogue may be helpful in decreasing endometriosis disease scores. Postoperative hormonal suppression with either a gonadotropin-receptor hormone analogue or progestin (including the levonorgestrel intrauterine system) may be helpful in reducing pain and increasing time to recurrence of symptoms. Excisional cystectomy is the preferred method to treat endometrial cysts for both pain and fertility and may be aided by the use of mesna and initial circular excision. An absorbable adhesion barrier (Interceed), 4% icodextrin solution (Adept), and a viscoelastic gel (Oxiplex/AP, FzioMed, Inc., San Luis Obispd, CA; not available in the United States) are safe and effective products to help prevent adhesions in laparoscopic surgery to treat endometriosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"269","pageEnd":"281","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2009.02.007","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33441022"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jmig.2009.02.007"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19423059"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33441022"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/contemporary-neonatal-outcome-following-rupture-of-membranes-prior-to-25-weeks-w-e99yctjf/","name":"Contemporary neonatal outcome following rupture of membranes prior to 25 weeks with prolonged oligohydramnios","headline":"Contemporary neonatal outcome following rupture of membranes prior to 25 weeks with prolonged oligohydramnios","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/contemporary-neonatal-outcome-following-rupture-of-membranes-prior-to-25-weeks-w-e99yctjf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Williams O"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hutchings G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Debieve F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Debauche C"}],"datePublished":"2009-05-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Prolonged oligohydramnios following early preterm prelabour rupture of membranes (PPROM) is traditionally associated with high neonatal mortality and significant risk of pulmonary hypoplasia. However, recent evidence points to an apparent improvement in outcome.\n\nAIMS: To document current neonatal outcomes following rupture of membranes prior to 25 weeks with severe persistent oligohydramnios and a latency to delivery of at least 14 days.\n\nMETHODS: A retrospective case note analysis over a 28-month period at Saint Luc University Hospital, Brussels.\n\nRESULTS: From 23 pregnancies that were complicated by PPROM prior to 25 weeks, 15 infants were born after 24 weeks with a latency of more than 14 days and persistent oligohydramnios. Nine infants (60%) had severe respiratory failure and clinical signs compatible with pulmonary hypoplasia. Seven of these infants (78%) responded to high frequency ventilation and inhaled nitric oxide therapy with good clinical outcome but two died from severe respiratory failure. Five infants showed no clinical signs of pulmonary hypoplasia and responded to conventional neonatal management. One of these infants died at 77 days of age of necrotising enterocolitis. One infant was not resuscitated and died within minutes of birth, following prior discussion with the perinatal team and the parents. Survivors in this high-risk group (73%) had low morbidity at the time of discharge.\n\nSUMMARY: The favourable neonatal survival and morbidity figures are in keeping with recent published evidence. This study confirms improved outcome even amongst the highest risk infants with documented persistent oligohydramnios.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"85","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Early human development"}}},"pageStart":"273","pageEnd":"7","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2008.11.003","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83087831"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2008.11.003"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19108959"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q83087831"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/in-vitro-fertilization-availability-and-utilization-in-the-united-states-a-study-of-demographic-social-and-economic-factors-recycwlx0pdkeyias/","name":"In vitro fertilization availability and utilization in the United States: a study of demographic, social, and economic factors","headline":"In vitro fertilization availability and utilization in the United States: a study of demographic, social, and economic factors","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/in-vitro-fertilization-availability-and-utilization-in-the-united-states-a-study-of-demographic-social-and-economic-factors-recycwlx0pdkeyias/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ahmad Hammoud","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7581-9024","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mark Gibson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0657-5166","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Vermont","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0155zta11"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Douglas T Carrell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6471-2803","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Matthew Peterson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7600-9912","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"George White","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7585-8015"}],"datePublished":"2009-05-01","abstract":"Objective: To characterize the demographic correlates of IVF availability and utilization.\nDesign: Demographic analysis of public data.\nSetting: Each of the 50 states in the United States was used as a unit of analysis. PATIENT(S): Patients undergoing IVF, as demographically estimated. INTERVENTION(S): Publicly available data were collected through the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology and the Centers for Disease Control. The US Census Bureau data were collected by using software available from the Centers for Disease Control. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The number of physicians performing IVF and the number of IVF cycles per 100,000 reproductive-age women were used to estimate IVF availability and utilization. RESULT(S): In 2005, 1,031 providers performed 98,242 fresh IVF cycles in 430 centers. Overall availability was 2.5 IVF physicians per 100,000, and utilization was 236 IVF cycles per 100,000. Availability and utilization of IVF were highly correlated. Mean IVF availability and utilization were significantly higher in states with IVF insurance coverage. In adjusted analyses, IVF availability correlated positively with mandated insurance coverage, percentage of single persons, and median income. Utilization of IVF correlated with IVF availability, percentage urbanization, and percentage of individuals >or=25 years of age who had a bachelor's degree. CONCLUSION(S): Lower rates of IVF utilization in some states are correlated with a lack of insurance coverage and decreased availability of physicians providing this service.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"91","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1630","pageEnd":"1635","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.10.038","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34785358"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.10.038"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18539275"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34785358"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/abnormal-uterine-bleeding-a-focus-on-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-recspoxv2tet9rgmg/","name":"Abnormal uterine bleeding: a focus on polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"Abnormal uterine bleeding: a focus on polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/abnormal-uterine-bleeding-a-focus-on-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-recspoxv2tet9rgmg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Martha Hickey","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2858-8673","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Western Australia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047272k79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K. T. Karthigasu","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Western Australia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047272k79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sweta Agarwal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2022-165X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yahoo (United Kingdom)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/038p3gq39"}}],"datePublished":"2009-04-28","abstract":"Abnormal uterine bleeding imposes major medical, social and financial problems for women, their families and the health services. Abnormal uterine bleeding refers to the regularity, frequency, duration and volume of bleeding. Irregular menstrual bleeding is most common at the extremes of reproductive life, in the initial 12-18 months after menarche and 5-6 years before the menopause begins. In Australia, the estimated cost of investigating and managing heavy menstrual bleeding alone is approximately AUS $6 million per annum. This article addresses the common causes of irregular bleeding in preand peri-menopausal women and presents an investigational approach.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Women's Health (London, England)"}}},"pageStart":"313","pageEnd":"324","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.2217/whe.09.20","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37458860"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2217/whe.09.20"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19392616"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37458860"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cohort-comparison-of-two-fertility-awareness-methods-of-family-planning-rectlingx4udzdtnt/","name":"Cohort comparison of two fertility awareness methods of family planning","headline":"Cohort comparison of two fertility awareness methods of family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cohort-comparison-of-two-fertility-awareness-methods-of-family-planning-rectlingx4udzdtnt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Lee Barron","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4719-3420","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathleen Raviele","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Schneider","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8090-4971","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}}],"datePublished":"2009-04-18","abstract":"Objective: To determine if an electronic hormonal fertility monitor aided method (EHFM) of family planning is more effective than a cervical mucus only method (CMM) in helping couples to avoid pregnancy.\n\nStudy Design: Six hundred twenty-eight women were taught how to avoid pregnancy with either the EHFM (n=313) or the CMM (n = 315). Both methods involved standardized group teaching and individual follow-up. All pregnancies were reviewed and classified by health professionals. Correct use and total unintended pregnancy rates over 12 months of use were determined by survival analysis. Comparisons of unintended pregnancies between the 2 methods were made by use of the Fisher exact test.\n\nResults: There were a total of 28 unintended pregnancies with the EFHM and 41 with the CMM. The 12-month correct use pregnancy rate of the monitor-aided method was 2.0%, and the total pregnancy rate was 12.0%. In comparison, the 12-month correct use pregnancy rate of the CMM was 3.0%, and the total pregnancy rate was 23.0%. There was a significant difference in total pregnancies between the 2 groups (p<0.05).\n\nConclusion: EFHM is more effective than CMM. Further research is needed to verify the results.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"54","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"165","pageEnd":"170","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-text-versus-video-for-teaching-laparoscopic-knot-tying-in-the-novi-recibaworlxhmfhs2/","name":"Comparison of text versus video for teaching laparoscopic knot tying in the  novice surgeon: a randomized, controlled trial","headline":"Comparison of text versus video for teaching laparoscopic knot tying in the  novice surgeon: a randomized, controlled trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-text-versus-video-for-teaching-laparoscopic-knot-tying-in-the-novi-recibaworlxhmfhs2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tiffany Justice","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5051-2712","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Louisville","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ckdn478"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Resad Pasic","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8470-1960","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Louisville","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ckdn478"}}],"datePublished":"2009-04-15","abstract":"Background: Video seems advantageous over traditional text as an educational tool in conceptually-based procedures such as laparoscopy. However, this has never been tested directly.\n\nObjective: The purpose of this study was to compare the use of text versus video as an educational tool for laparoscopic training, through a randomized controlled trial.\n\nStudy Design: Prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial (Canadian Task Force classification I).\n\nMethods: Eighty (n = 80) medical students, who had no experience with tying a laparoscopic intracorporeal knot, were randomly taught to do so by either reading a text with accompanying pictures (n = 40) or watching a short video with audio of comparable content (n = 40). The participants were allowed to review the material for as long as they needed to achieve understanding of the procedure. They were then asked to tie a laparoscopic square knot in a box trainer, with a limit time of 15 minutes. Time to review the educational material(s), time to tie the knot(s), numbers of attempts at the task (n), and numbers of those who expressed understanding of the task (n) were recorded.\n\nResults: The number of participants who were able to complete the knot (n = 14 text v. n = 18 video, p = 0.49) and the average time needed for completion (479 s text v.494 s video, p = 0.38) were not statistically different in the two groups. However, time to review the material (407 s text v. 258 s video, p < 0.001), number of attempts at the task (15 text v. 5 video had n>2 attempts, p = 0.01), and number of those who expressed understanding when they could not complete the task (35% text v. 59% video, p = 0.047) were statistically different.\n\nConclusions: This is the first randomized trial evaluating video alone as an educational tool in laparoscopic training. It demonstrates that video is superior to text in achieving superior conceptual understanding, without improving operative times. Understanding through video instruction cannot make up for a lack of technical ability in novice surgeons.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"411","pageEnd":"415","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2009.02.011","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37443368"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jmig.2009.02.011"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19364680"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37443368"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/postoperative-procedures-for-improving-fertility-following-pelvic-reproductive-s-ucdt8xrb/","name":"Postoperative procedures for improving fertility following pelvic reproductive surgery","headline":"Postoperative procedures for improving fertility following pelvic reproductive surgery","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/postoperative-procedures-for-improving-fertility-following-pelvic-reproductive-s-ucdt8xrb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Duffy JM","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6127-9859"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Johnson N","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9110-1960"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ahmad G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Watson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5914-300X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tameside Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04d713p41"}}],"datePublished":"2009-04-15","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Hydrotubation with oil-soluble contrast media for unexplained infertility and adhesiolysis for infertility due to peritubal adhesions are primary procedures that are of recognised benefit. It is less clear whether postoperative procedures such as hydrotubation or second-look laparoscopy with adhesiolysis are beneficial following pelvic reproductive surgery.\n\nOBJECTIVES: To assess the value of postoperative hydrotubation and second-look laparoscopy with adhesiolysis following female pelvic reproductive surgery.\n\nSEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane Menstrual Disorders and Subfertility Group Specialised Register (August 2008), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library 2007, Issue 2), MEDLINE (1966 to August 2008), EMBASE (1980 to August 2008), PsycINFO (1967 to August 2008), Current Contents (1993 to August 2008), Biological Abstracts (1969 to August 2008), CINAHL (1982 to August 2008) and reference lists of identified articles.\n\nSELECTION CRITERIA: All randomised controlled trials in which a postoperative procedure was compared with a control group following pelvic reproductive surgery were considered for inclusion in the review.\n\nDATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Five randomised controlled trials were identified and included in this updated review. An attempt was made to obtain further information from the authors of all five trials. All trials were assessed for quality. The studied outcomes were pregnancy, live birth, ectopic pregnancy and miscarriage rates, and the rates of tubal patency and procedure-related complications. Review authors extracted the data independently and the odds ratios (OR) were estimated for these dichotomous outcomes.\n\nMAIN RESULTS: Five randomised controlled trials were identified and included in this review. The odds of pregnancy (OR 1.12, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.57 to 2.21) and live birth (OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.24 to 1.59) were not significantly different with postoperative hydrotubation versus no hydrotubation. The odds of pregnancy (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.44 to 2.07) or live birth (OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.19 to 2.32) were also not significantly different with second-look laparoscopy and adhesiolysis versus no second-look laparoscopy. Whether hydrotubation was early or late and whether hydrotubation fluid contained steroid or not had no significant impact on the odds of pregnancy or live birth. Late antibiotic hydrotubation increased the odds of at least one patent fallopian tube when compared with early hydrotubation in women (OR 7.72, 95% CI 2.50 to 8.93). The odds of infective morbidity significantly increased with early hydrotubation when compared with late non-antibiotic hydrotubation (OR 4.72, 95% CI 2.50 to 8.93). When comparing late hydrotubation following tubal stent removal with early hydrotubation in women who had no tubal stenting, there was no significant difference in pregnancy or live birth rates.\n\nAUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: There is insufficient evidence to support the routine practice of hydrotubation or second-look laparoscopy following female pelvic reproductive surgery. The studies on which this conclusion is based were either of poor quality or underpowered. These interventions should be performed in the context of a good quality, adequately powered randomised controlled trial. Postoperative hydrotubation with fluid containing antibiotic may offer benefit over hydrotubation fluid without antibiotic following tubal surgery. A randomised controlled trial of postoperative hydrotubation with antibiotic-containing fluid versus no hydrotubation for improving fertility following tubal surgery is justified.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Cochrane database of systematic reviews"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD001897.pub2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24241055"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/14651858.CD001897.pub2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19370571"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q24241055"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-factors-with-breast-cancer-among-women-in-delhi-recive5swdnofvkxu/","name":"Risk factors with breast cancer among women in Delhi","headline":"Risk factors with breast cancer among women in Delhi","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-factors-with-breast-cancer-among-women-in-delhi-recive5swdnofvkxu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S Pakseresht","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9888-2130","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Maulana Azad Medical College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dwx1z96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"GK Ingle","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Maulana Azad Medical College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dwx1z96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"AK Bahadur","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Maulana Azad Medical College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dwx1z96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"VK Ramteke","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Maulana Azad Medical College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dwx1z96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mandeep Singh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4524-3519","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Maulana Azad Medical College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dwx1z96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Garg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5572-520X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Maulana Azad Medical College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dwx1z96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"PN Agarwal","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Maulana Azad Medical College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dwx1z96"}}],"datePublished":"2009-04-07","abstract":"Background: The incidence of breast cancer is on the rise in India, breast cancer is the second most common malignancy in Indian women.\n\nAim: The aim of this study was to find out the association of various risk factors with breast cancer among women in Delhi. SETTINGS AND Design: This was a case-control study in Lok Nayak Hospital, Delhi. METHODS AND MATERIAL: 332 women were studied. Subjects were women with breast cancer (N = 115) and age matched Control subjects (N-217) without breast cancer, attending Lok Nayak Hospital during 2006. Subjects were interviewed using a pretested questionnaire. The risk factors studied were: age, parity, socioeconomic status, marital status, breast feeding, menarche, menopause, family history. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Data was expressed in proportion. RESULTS AND\n\nConclusions: Age of the patient ranged from 25 to 80 years. In this study, 69 (60%) cases and 127 (58.5%) controls were illiterate, the mean duration sum of total breast feeding for all children was 6.58 years in cases and 7.4 years in controls (OR = 1.91; 95% CI, 1.17 - 3.13) (P P P< 0.05). There was a significant difference between breast cancer cases and controls in relation to place of residence, occupation, marital status, body mass index and breast feeding.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"46","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Indian Journal of Cancer"}}},"pageStart":"132","pageEnd":"138","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-509x.49151","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43681211"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4103/0019-509x.49151"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19346647"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43681211"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/side-effects-from-the-copper-iud-do-they-decrease-over-time-reckr6b1b5ycnbpgu/","name":"Side effects from the copper IUD: do they decrease over time?","headline":"Side effects from the copper IUD: do they decrease over time?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/side-effects-from-the-copper-iud-do-they-decrease-over-time-reckr6b1b5ycnbpgu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"David Hubacher","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5757-9741","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Triangle","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fhbr831"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pai-Lien Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7300-0122","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Triangle","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fhbr831"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chen PL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunjune Park","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1188-3122","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}}],"datePublished":"2009-04-04","abstract":"Background: The copper intrauterine device (IUD) can cause side effects in some women; increased uterine bleeding and pain may cause early removal. Because of simplified reporting from previous research, little is known about how side effects might change over time.\n\nStudy Design: This is a secondary analysis of a prospective study of 1947 first-time copper IUD users. Over a 1-year period, we collected detailed information on side effects and looked for trends using generalized mixed-effects regression modeling.\n\nResults: During menses, most bleeding and pain side effects were found to decrease over time (p<.05). During intermenstrual intervals, overall spotting and pain complaints remained unchanged, but the number of days with these problems increased (p<.05). Serious side effects that prompted either a clinic visit or IUD removal had varied patterns over time, depending on the type of problem.\n\nConclusion: Side effects from the copper IUD can be troubling for both user and clinician. Some problems improve over time, while others do not. This information may be helpful in counseling women who are considering IUD use and current users who are contemplating IUD removal due to side effects.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"79","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"356","pageEnd":"362","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2008.11.012","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37243268"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.contraception.2008.11.012"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19341847"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37243268"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-factors-for-triple-negative-breast-cancer-in-women-under-the-age-of-45-year-recxrcssfn85quabi/","name":"Risk factors for triple-negative breast cancer in women under the age of 45  years","headline":"Risk factors for triple-negative breast cancer in women under the age of 45  years","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-factors-for-triple-negative-breast-cancer-in-women-under-the-age-of-45-year-recxrcssfn85quabi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Emily White","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1281-3208","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Louise A Brinton","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3853-8562","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Cancer Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David R Doody","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1041-8537","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Public Health Sciences and Divisions of"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peggy L Porter","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8271-401X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fred Hutch Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007ps6h72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathleen E Malone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5643-6714","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wayne State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01070mq45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Janet R Daling","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fred Hutch Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007ps6h72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jessica M Dolle","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Public Health Sciences and Divisions of"}}],"datePublished":"2009-04-02","abstract":"Little is known about the etiologic profile of triple-negative breast cancer (negative for estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor/human epidermal growth factor), a breast cancer subtype associated with high mortality and inadequate therapeutic options. We undertook this study to assess the risk for triple-negative breast cancer among women 45 years of age and younger in relation to demographic/lifestyle factors, reproductive history, and oral contraceptive use. Study participants were ascertained in two previous population-based, case-control studies. Eligible cases included all primary invasive breast cancers among women ages 20 to 45 years in the Seattle-Puget Sound area, diagnosed between January 1983 and December 1992, for whom complete data was obtained for estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor status (n = 897; including n = 187 triple-negative breast cancer cases). Controls were age matched and ascertained via random digit dialing. Oral contraceptive use > or =1 year was associated with a 2.5-fold increased risk for triple-negative breast cancer (95% confidence interval, 1.4-4.3) and no significantly increased risk for non-triple-negative breast cancer (P(heterogeneity) = 0.008). Furthermore, the risk among oral contraceptive users conferred by longer oral contraceptive duration and by more recent use was significantly greater for triple-negative breast cancer than non-triple-negative breast cancer (P(heterogeneity) = 0.02 and 0.01, respectively). Among women < or =40 years, the relative risk for triple-negative breast cancer associated with oral contraceptive use > or =1 year was 4.2 (95% confidence interval, 1.9-9.3), whereas there was no significantly increased risk with oral contraceptive use for non-triple-negative breast cancer among women < or =40 years, nor for triple-negative breast cancer or non-triple-negative breast cancer among women 41 to 45 years of age. In conclusion, significant heterogeneity exists for the association of oral contraceptive use and breast cancer risk between triple-negative breast cancer and non-triple-negative breast cancer among young women, lending support to a distinct etiology.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention : a Publication of the American  Association for Cancer Research, Cosponsored by the American Society of  Preventive Oncology"}}},"pageStart":"1157","pageEnd":"1166","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-08-1005","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24644075"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-08-1005"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19336554"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q24644075"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/combined-oral-contraceptive-use-and-the-risk-of-systemic-lupus-erythematosus-recx0kvpdk47unyts/","name":"Combined oral contraceptive use and the risk of systemic lupus erythematosus","headline":"Combined oral contraceptive use and the risk of systemic lupus erythematosus","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/combined-oral-contraceptive-use-and-the-risk-of-systemic-lupus-erythematosus-recx0kvpdk47unyts/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bernier MO"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yann Mikaeloff","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5417-7528","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Samy Suissa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1281-5296","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marie-Odile Bernier","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marie Hudson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8155-6489","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}}],"datePublished":"2009-04-01","abstract":"Objective: To assess whether the risk of incident systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is associated with the use of combined oral contraceptives (COCs), because studies of the link between exogenous hormonal exposure and the risk of SLE have produced conflicting results.\n\nMethods: We conducted a population-based nested case-control study among women ages 18-45 years, using the UK's General Practice Research Database. All incident cases of SLE from 1994-2004 (n = 786) were identified in the database and matched with up to 10 controls (n = 7,817) among women without SLE at the time of the case's diagnosis.\n\nResults: The adjusted rate ratio (RR) of incident SLE associated with any use of COC was 1.19 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.98-1.45), whereas with current use it was 1.54 (95% CI 1.15-2.07). The rate was particularly increased in current users who had only recently started COC use (RR 2.52, 95% CI 1.14-5.57) compared with longer-term current users (RR 1.45, 95% CI 1.06-1.99). The risk appeared to be particularly elevated with current exposure to firstor second-generation contraceptives (RR 1.65, 95% CI 1.20-2.26), and increasing with the dose of ethinyl estradiol (RR 1.42, 1.63, and 2.92 for < or =30 microg, 31-49 microg, and 50 microg, respectively).\n\nConclusion: The use of COCs is associated with an increased risk of SLE. This risk is particularly elevated in women who recently started contraceptive use, suggesting an acute effect in a small subgroup of susceptible women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"61","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Arthritis and Rheumatism"}}},"pageStart":"476","pageEnd":"481","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/art.24398","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46067909"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/art.24398"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19333988"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46067909"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/epigenetics-and-environmental-chemicals-waff3lpf/","name":"Epigenetics and environmental chemicals","headline":"Epigenetics and environmental chemicals","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/epigenetics-and-environmental-chemicals-waff3lpf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Baccarelli AA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bollati V"}],"datePublished":"2009-04-01","abstract":"PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Epigenetics investigates heritable changes in gene expression occurring without changes in DNA sequence. Several epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNA expression, can change genome function under exogenous influence. Here, we review current evidence indicating that epigenetic alterations mediate toxicity from environmental chemicals.\n\nRECENT FINDINGS: In-vitro, animal, and human investigations have identified several classes of environmental chemicals that modify epigenetic marks, including metals (cadmium, arsenic, nickel, chromium, and methylmercury), peroxisome proliferators (trichloroethylene, dichloroacetic acid, and TCA), air pollutants (particulate matter, black carbon, and benzene), and endocrine-disrupting/reproductive toxicants (diethylstilbestrol, bisphenol A, persistent organic pollutants, and dioxin). Most studies conducted so far have been centered on DNA methylation, whereas only a few investigations have studied environmental chemicals in relation to histone modifications and microRNA.\n\nSUMMARY: For several exposures, it has been proved that chemicals can alter epigenetic marks, and that the same or similar epigenetic alterations can be found in patients with the disease of concern or in diseased tissues. Future prospective investigations are needed to determine whether exposed individuals develop epigenetic alterations over time and, in turn, which such alterations increase the risk of disease. Also, further research is needed to determine whether environmental epigenetic changes are transmitted transgenerationally.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Current opinion in pediatrics"}}},"pageStart":"243","pageEnd":"51","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1097/mop.0b013e32832925cc","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/mop.0b013e32832925cc"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19663042"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/point-of-failure-as-a-predictor-of-in-vitro-fertilization-treatment-discontinuat-uq5l5dgq/","name":"Point of failure as a predictor of in vitro fertilization treatment discontinuation","headline":"Point of failure as a predictor of in vitro fertilization treatment discontinuation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/point-of-failure-as-a-predictor-of-in-vitro-fertilization-treatment-discontinuat-uq5l5dgq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Pearson KR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hauser R","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1899-3982"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Daniel W Cramer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8024-3066","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stacey A Missmer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1768-7705","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Michigan State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993"}}],"datePublished":"2009-04-01","abstract":"Among 2,245 women, those who experienced a chemical pregnancy that failed to progress to a clinically recognized pregnancy or a spontaneous abortion on their first IVF cycle were more likely to discontinue IVF treatment than those whose first cycle ended before embryo transfer or who did not have a positive pregnancy test after transfer. However, among women who did continue to a second IVF cycle, those who had at least a chemical pregnancy on the first cycle were more likely to have a live birth on the second attempt than those women who had failed before conception in the first cycle (34% success rate compared with 21%, respectively).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertil Steril"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.07.1732","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37216081"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.07.1732"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18829010"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37216081"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cumulative-pregnancy-probabilities-among-couples-with-subfertility-effects-of-va-recvwb1kjbt1pv9z4/","name":"Cumulative pregnancy probabilities among couples with subfertility: effects of varying treatments","headline":"Cumulative pregnancy probabilities among couples with subfertility: effects of varying treatments","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cumulative-pregnancy-probabilities-among-couples-with-subfertility-effects-of-va-recvwb1kjbt1pv9z4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rafael Mikolajczyk","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1271-7204","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bielefeld University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02hpadn98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Courtney D Lynch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4642-9772","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S E Simonsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-7671","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2009-03-31","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To model the cumulative probability of pregnancy among couples with subfertility without a definitive diagnosis, according to different treatment strategies.\n\nDESIGN: A beta distribution of fecundity was fitted that reproduced the cumulative probability of pregnancy in prospective studies of natural fertility, and this distribution was applied to simulated cohorts starting with one million couples each. Probabilities of pregnancy were generated for each cycle of each couple.\n\nSETTING: Simulation study.\n\nPATIENT(S): Hypothetic subfertile population.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): After 2 or 4 years of attempting pregnancy and diagnostic evaluation to exclude anovulation, tubal obstruction, and severe male factor, simulated treatments were applied to the remaining nonpregnant couples, with treatment effects based on published literature.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Simulated cumulative probability of pregnancy.\n\nRESULT(S): Initially, the cumulative probability of pregnancy was highest for early treatment with IVF, but over time, conservative treatment or frequent intercourse approached the same cumulative probability.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): In couples without clear indications for IVF, the main benefit of early IVF may be to shorten time to pregnancy, a benefit that must be weighed against costs and potential adverse outcomes. Couples should be encouraged to maintain regular intercourse to maximize chances of pregnancy, even after unsuccessful treatment attempts.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"93","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"2175","pageEnd":"2181","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.01.080","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45214129"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.01.080"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19328479"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q45214129"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/triple-negative-breast-cancers-are-increased-in-black-women-regardless-of-age-or-reck7dxmeq4dnfh0b/","name":"Triple-negative breast cancers are increased in black women regardless of age or  body mass index","headline":"Triple-negative breast cancers are increased in black women regardless of age or  body mass index","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/triple-negative-breast-cancers-are-increased-in-black-women-regardless-of-age-or-reck7dxmeq4dnfh0b/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lesley Stead","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Montefiore Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/044ntvm43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Timothy L Lash","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5240-5195","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Boston Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010b9wj87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D. J. Dorcas","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Boston University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jennifer Westrup","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Boston University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marjory Charlot","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8773-0425","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036pt7h44"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas C King","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8581-5824","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036pt7h44"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rita A Blanchard","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Boston Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010b9wj87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dorcas D Chi"},{"@type":"Person","name":"John C Lee","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Boston University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carol L Rosenberg","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Boston University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerome E Sobieraj","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Boston Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010b9wj87"}}],"datePublished":"2009-03-27","abstract":"Introduction: We investigated clinical and pathologic features of breast cancers (BC) in an unselected series of patients diagnosed in a tertiary care hospital serving a diverse population. We focused on triple-negative (Tneg) tumours (oestrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and HER2 negative), which are associated with poor prognosis.\n\nMethods: We identified female patients with invasive BC diagnosed between 1998 and 2006, with data available on tumor grade, stage, ER, PR and HER2 status, and patient age, body mass index (BMI) and self-identified racial/ethnic group. We determined associations between patient and tumour characteristics using contingency tables and multivariate logistic regression.\n\nResults: 415 cases were identified. Patients were racially and ethnically diverse (born in 44 countries, 36% white, 43% black, 10% Hispanic and 11% other). 47% were obese (BMI > 30 kg/m2). 72% of tumours were ER+ and/or PR+, 20% were Tneg and 13% were HER2+. The odds of having a Tneg tumour were 3-fold higher (95% CI 1.6, 5.5; p = 0.0001) in black compared with white women. Tneg tumours were equally common in black women diagnosed before and after age 50 (31% vs 29%; p = NS), and who were obese and non-obese (29% vs 31%; p = NS). Considering all patients, as BMI increased, the proportion of Tneg tumours decreased (p = 0.08).\n\nConclusions: Black women of diverse background have 3-fold more Tneg tumours than non-black women, regardless of age and BMI. Other factors must determine tumour subtype. The higher prevalence of Tneg tumours in black women in all age and weight categories likely contributes to black women's unfavorable breast cancer prognosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Breast Cancer Research : BCR"}}},"pageStart":"R18","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1186/bcr2242","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37208769"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/bcr2242"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19320967"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37208769"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-awareness-based-methods-another-option-for-family-planning-recj2cn84fcasgptr/","name":"Fertility awareness-based methods: another option for family planning","headline":"Fertility awareness-based methods: another option for family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-awareness-based-methods-another-option-for-family-planning-recj2cn84fcasgptr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"George Bergus","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1653-3464","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Iowa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036jqmy94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephen R Pallone","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Iowa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036jqmy94"}}],"datePublished":"2009-03-07","abstract":"Modern fertility awareness-based methods (FABMs) of family planning have been offered as alternative methods of family planning. Billings Ovulation Method, the Creighton Model, and the Symptothermal Method are the more widely used FABMs and can be more narrowly defined as natural family planning. The first 2 methods are based on the examination of cervical secretions to assess fertility. The Symptothermal Method combines characteristics of cervical secretions, basal body temperature, and historical cycle data to determine fertility. FABMs also include the more recently developed Standard Days Method and TwoDays Method. All are distinct from the more traditional rhythm and basal body temperature methods alone. Although these older methods are not highly effective, modern FABMs have typical-use unintended pregnancy rates of 1% to 3% in both industrialized and nonindustrialized nations. Studies suggest that in the United States physician knowledge of FABMs is frequently incomplete. We review the available evidence about the effectiveness for preventing unintended pregnancy, prognostic social demographics of users of the methods, and social outcomes related to FABMs, all of which suggest that family physicians can offer modern FABMs as effective means of family planning. We also provide suggestions about useful educational and instructional resources for family physicians and their patients.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine : JABFM"}}},"pageStart":"147","pageEnd":"157","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3122/jabfm.2009.02.080038","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34605152"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3122/jabfm.2009.02.080038"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19264938"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34605152"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/defining-the-proliferative-phase-endometrial-defect-0tup3amk/","name":"Defining the proliferative phase endometrial defect","headline":"Defining the proliferative phase endometrial defect","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/defining-the-proliferative-phase-endometrial-defect-0tup3amk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bromer JG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aldad TS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Taylor HS","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1720-8310"}],"datePublished":"2009-03-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate proliferative phase endometrial development in a heterogeneous infertility population.\n\nDESIGN: Retrospective study.\n\nSETTING: University-based infertility practice.\n\nPATIENT(S): Two hundred forty-six treatment cycles.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Clomiphene citrate or FSH ovarian stimulation, followed by IUI or IVF.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Endometrial thickness according to transvaginal ultrasonography; clinical pregnancy rate.\n\nRESULT(S): Endometrial growth began from a nadir of approximately 4.5 mm on cycle day 4 and increased linearly to a plateau of approximately 10 mm on cycle day 9. This same pattern was observed in all cycles, regardless of pregnancy, drug, or underlying diagnosis. Follicle-stimulating hormone-stimulated cycles showed a significantly increased endometrial thickness compared with clomiphene citrate cycles (10.1 vs. 8.3 mm). Maximum endometrial thickness achieved showed a correlation with age, body mass index, and maximum E(2) level. Subjects who carried a primary diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome, endometriosis, or recurrent pregnancy loss all achieved a significantly lower peak endometrial thickness than control subjects. There was a trend toward increased endometrial thickness in cycles resulting in pregnancy compared with those not (10.1 vs. 9.6 mm, respectively).\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Endometrial development follows a predictable pattern, with a plateau in growth at cycle day 9. Diseases associated with infertility manifest a proliferative phase defect that can be recognized clinically.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"91","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"698","pageEnd":"704","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.12.066","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37235121"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.12.066"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18314107"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37235121"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metabolic-and-hormonal-effects-of-myo-inositol-in-women-with-polycystic-ovary-sy-rec8rrc4jgfvwqscs/","name":"Metabolic and hormonal effects of myo-inositol in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a double-blind trial","headline":"Metabolic and hormonal effects of myo-inositol in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a double-blind trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metabolic-and-hormonal-effects-of-myo-inositol-in-women-with-polycystic-ovary-sy-rec8rrc4jgfvwqscs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Costantino D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Minozzi G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Minozzi E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Guaraldi C"}],"datePublished":"2009-03-01","abstract":"To investigate the effects of treatment with Myo-inositol (an insulin sensitizing drug), on circulating insulin, glucose tolerance, ovulation and serum androgens concentrations in women with the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). Forty-two women with PCOS were treated in a double-blind trial with Myo-inositol plus folic acid or folic acid alone as placebo. In the group treated with Myo-inositol the serum total testosterone decreased from 99.5 +/- 7 to 34.8 +/- 4.3 ng/dl (placebo group: from 116.8 +/- 15 to 109 +/- 7.5 ng/dl; P = 0.003), and serum free testosterone from 0.85 +/- 0.1 to 0.24 +/- 0.33 ng/dl (placebo group: from 0.89 +/- 0.12 to 0.85 +/- 0.13 ng/dl; P = 0.01). Plasma triglycerides decreased from 195 +/- 20 to 95 +/- 17 mg/dl (placebo group: from 166 +/- 21 to 148 +/- 19 mg/dl; P = 0.001). Systolic blood pressure decreased from 131 +/- 2 to 127 +/- 2 mmHg (placebo group: from 128 +/- 1 to 130 +/-1 mmHg; P = 0.002). Diastolic blood pressure decreased from 88 +/- 1 to 82 +/- 3 mmHg (placebo group: from 86 +/- 1 to 90 +/- 1 mmHg; P = 0.001). The area under the plasma insulin curve after oral administration of glucose decreased from 8.54 +/- 1.149 to 5.535 +/- 1.792 microU/ml/min (placebo group: from 8.903 +/- 1.276 to 9.1 +/- 1.162 microU/ml/min; P = 0.03). The index of composite whole body insulin sensitivity (ISI comp) increased from 2.80 +/- 0.35 to 5.05 +/- 0.59 mg(-2)/dl(-2) (placebo group: from 3.23 +/- 0.48 to 2.81 +/- 0.54 mg(-2)/dl(-2); P < 0.002). 16 out of 23 women of Myo-inositol group ovulated (4 out of 19 in placebo group). Treatment of PCOS patients with Myo-inositol provided a decreasing of circulating insulin and serum total testosterone as well as an improvement in metabolic factors.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European review for medical and pharmacological sciences"}}},"pageStart":"105","pageEnd":"110","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vocal-cues-of-ovulation-in-human-females-k1rt9uwj/","name":"Vocal cues of ovulation in human females","headline":"Vocal cues of ovulation in human females","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vocal-cues-of-ovulation-in-human-females-k1rt9uwj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bryant GA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Haselton MG"}],"datePublished":"2009-02-23","abstract":"Recent research has documented a variety of ovulatory cues in humans, and in many nonhuman species, the vocal channel provides cues of reproductive state. We collected two sets of vocal samples from 69 normally ovulating women: one set during the follicular (high-fertility) phase of the cycle and one set during the luteal (low-fertility) phase, with ovulation confirmed by luteinizing hormone tests. In these samples we measured fundamental frequency (pitch), formant dispersion, jitter, shimmer, harmonics-to-noise ratio and speech rate. When speaking a simple introductory sentence, women's pitch increased during high- as compared with low-fertility, and this difference was the greatest for women whose voices were recorded on the two highest fertility days within the fertile window (the 2 days just before ovulation). This pattern did not occur when the same women produced vowels. The high- versus low-fertility difference in pitch was associated with the approach of ovulation and not menstrual onset, thus representing, to our knowledge, the first research to show a specific cyclic fertility cue in the human voice. We interpret this finding as evidence of a fertility-related enhancement of femininity consistent with other research documenting attractiveness-related changes associated with ovulation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Biology letters"}}},"pageStart":"12","pageEnd":"5","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2008.0507","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28755052"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1098/rsbl.2008.0507"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18845518"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28755052"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometrial-growth-and-uterine-blood-flow-a-pilot-study-for-improving-endometria-recpepkoqm4yqqjtg/","name":"Endometrial growth and uterine blood flow: a pilot study for improving endometrial thickness in the patients with a thin endometrium","headline":"Endometrial growth and uterine blood flow: a pilot study for improving endometrial thickness in the patients with a thin endometrium","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometrial-growth-and-uterine-blood-flow-a-pilot-study-for-improving-endometria-recpepkoqm4yqqjtg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hiroshi Tamura","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6258-4572","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yamaguchi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03cxys317"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Norihiro Sugino","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8874-7931","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yamaguchi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03cxys317"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ichiro Miwa","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yamaguchi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03cxys317"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Katsunori Shimamura","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saiseikai Shimonoseki General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dgncy67"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Akihisa Takasaki","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saiseikai Shimonoseki General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dgncy67"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Toshiaki Taketani","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yamaguchi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03cxys317"}}],"datePublished":"2009-02-10","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To examine whether thin endometria can be improved by increasing uterine radial artery (uRA) blood flow.\n\nDESIGN: A prospective observational study.\n\nSETTING: University hospital and city general hospital.\n\nPATIENT(S): Sixty-one patients with a thin endometrium (endometrial thickness [EM] <8 mm) and high radial artery-resistance index of uRA (RA-RI >or=0.81).\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Vitamin E (600 mg/day, n = 25), l-arginine (6 g/day, n = 9), or sildenafil citrate (100 mg/day, intravaginally, n = 12) was given.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): EM and RA-RI were assessed by transvaginal color-pulsed Doppler ultrasound.\n\nRESULT(S): Vitamin E improved RA-RI in 18 (72%) out of 25 patients and EM in 13 (52%) out of 25 patients. L-arginine improved RA-RI in eight (89%) out of nine patients and EM in six (67%) patients. Sildenafil citrate improved RA-RI and EM in 11 (92%) out of 12 patients. In the control group (n = 10), who received no medication to increase uRA-blood flow, only one (10%) patient improved in RA-RI and EM. The effect of vitamin E was histologically examined in the endometrium (n = 5). Vitamin E improved the glandular epithelial growth, development of blood vessels, and vascular endothelial growth factor protein expression in the endometrium.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Vitamin E, l-arginine, or sildenafil citrate treatment improves RA-RI and EM and may be useful for the patients with a thin endometrium.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"93","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1851","pageEnd":"1858","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.12.062","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34939739"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.12.062"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19200982"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34939739"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-effects-of-ginger-mefenamic-acid-and-ibuprofen-on-pain-in-women-wi-2r4ivmeh/","name":"Comparison of effects of ginger, mefenamic acid, and ibuprofen on pain in women with primary dysmenorrhea","headline":"Comparison of effects of ginger, mefenamic acid, and ibuprofen on pain in women with primary dysmenorrhea","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-effects-of-ginger-mefenamic-acid-and-ibuprofen-on-pain-in-women-wi-2r4ivmeh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ozgoli G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Goli M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Moattar F"}],"datePublished":"2009-02-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: To compare the effects of ginger, mefenamic acid, and ibuprofen on pain in women with primary dysmenorrhea.\n\nMETHODS: This was a double-blind comparative clinical trial conducted from September 2006 to February 2007. Participants were 150 students (18 years old and over) with primary dysmenorrhea from the dormitories of two medical universities who were alternately divided into three equal groups. Students in the ginger group took 250 mg capsules of ginger rhizome powder four times a day for three days from the start of their menstrual period. Members of the other groups received 250 mg mefenamic acid or 400 mg ibuprofen capsules, respectively, on the same protocol. A verbal multidimensional scoring system was used for assessing the severity of primary dysmenorrhea. Severity of disease, pain relief, and satisfaction with the treatment were compared between the groups after one menstruation.\n\nRESULTS: There were not significant differences between groups in baseline characteristics, p > 0.05. At the end of treatment, severity of dysmenorrhea decreased in all groups and no differences were found between the groups in severity of dysmenorrhea, pain relief, or satisfaction with the treatment, p > 0.05. No severe side effects occurred.\n\nCONCLUSION: Ginger was as effective as mefenamic acid and ibuprofen in relieving pain in women with primary dysmenorrhea. Further studies regarding the effects of ginger on other symptoms associated with dysmenorrhea and efficacy and safety of various doses and treatment durations of ginger are warranted.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of alternative and complementary medicine (New York, N.Y.)"}}},"pageStart":"129","pageEnd":"32","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1089/acm.2008.0311","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39307603"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1089/acm.2008.0311"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19216660"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39307603"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-and-efficiency-in-natural-family-planning-services-recrpjv5l3xlvande/","name":"Efficacy and Efficiency in Natural Family Planning Services","headline":"Efficacy and Efficiency in Natural Family Planning Services","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-and-efficiency-in-natural-family-planning-services-recrpjv5l3xlvande/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}}],"datePublished":"2009-02-01","abstract":"Relatively few Catholic couples in the United States use modern methods of natural family planning (NFP). So too, few Catholic physicians and health professionals prescribe the use of NFP methods for their patients. Reasons for low use of NFP methods include their perceived low efficacy; the complexity of learning, using, and teaching these methods; and the prolonged (and often unnecessary) required abstinence. Newer and simplified methods of NFP have been developed by physicians and scientists that are less complex and use modern technologies of detecting fertility and communicating instructions. Catholic physicians and scientists need to continue to answer the call by the Holy Fathers (from Pius XII to Benedict XVI) to develop secure and scientifically sound methods of NFP.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"76","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"9","pageEnd":"24","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1179/002436309803889377","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1179/002436309803889377"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-and-major-structural-birth-defects-in-the-unite-igndzi3u/","name":"Assisted reproductive technology and major structural birth defects in the United States","headline":"Assisted reproductive technology and major structural birth defects in the United States","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-and-major-structural-birth-defects-in-the-unite-igndzi3u/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Reefhuis J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Honein M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Schieve L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Adolfo Correa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5748-6281"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hobbs C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rasmussen S"}],"datePublished":"2009-02-01","abstract":"Background: With >1% of US births occurring following use of assisted reproductive technology (ART), it is critical to examine whether ART is associated with birth defects.\n\nMethods: We analyzed data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, a population-based, multicenter, case-control study of birth defects. We included mothers of fetuses or live-born infants with a major birth defect (case infants) and mothers who had live-born infants who did not have a major birth defect (control infants), delivered during the period October 1997-December 2003. We compared mothers who reported ART use (IVF or ICSI) with those who had unassisted conceptions. Multiple logistic regression was used to adjust for the following confounders: maternal race/ethnicity, maternal age, smoking and parity; we stratified by plurality.\n\nResults: ART was reported by 1.1% of all control mothers, and by 4.5% of control mothers 35 years or older. Among singleton births, ART was associated with septal heart defects (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.1, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 1.1-4.0), cleft lip with or without cleft palate (aOR = 2.4, 95% CI 1.2-5.1), esophageal atresia (aOR = 4.5, 95% CI 1.9-10.5) and anorectal atresia (aOR = 3.7, 95% CI 1.5-9.1). Among multiple births, ART was not significantly associated with any of the birth defects studied.\n\nConclusions: These findings suggest that some birth defects occur more often among infants conceived with ART. Although the mechanism is not clear, couples considering ART should be informed of all potential risks and benefits.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction"}}},"pageStart":"360","pageEnd":"366","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/den387","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34880868"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/den387"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34880868"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cumulative-livebirth-rates-after-in-vitro-fertilization-c1konion/","name":"Cumulative live-birth rates after in vitro fertilization","headline":"Cumulative live-birth rates after in vitro fertilization","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cumulative-livebirth-rates-after-in-vitro-fertilization-c1konion/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Malizia BA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michele R. Hacker","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-9991"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alan S. Penzias","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7160-494X"}],"datePublished":"2009-01-15","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Outcomes of in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment are traditionally reported as pregnancies per IVF cycle. However, a couple's primary concern is the chance of a live birth over an entire treatment course. METHODS: We estimated cumulative live-birth rates among patients undergoing their first fresh-embryo, nondonor IVF cycle between 2000 and 2005 at one large center. Couples were followed until either discontinuation of treatment or delivery of a live-born infant. Analyses were stratified according to maternal age and performed with the use of both optimistic and conservative methods. Optimistic methods assumed that patients who did not return for subsequent IVF cycles would have the same chance of a pregnancy resulting in a live birth as patients who continued treatment; conservative methods assumed no live births among patients who did not return. RESULTS: Among 6164 patients undergoing 14,248 cycles, the cumulative live-birth rate after 6 cycles was 72% (95% confidence interval [CI], 70 to 74) with the optimistic analysis and 51% (95% CI, 49 to 52) with the conservative analysis. Among patients who were younger than 35 years of age, the corresponding rates after six cycles were 86% (95% CI, 83 to 88) and 65% (95% CI, 64 to 67). Among patients who were 40 years of age or older, the corresponding rates were 42% (95% CI, 37 to 47) and 23% (95% CI, 21 to 25). The cumulative live-birth rate decreased with increasing age, and the age-stratified curves (< 35 vs. > or = 40 years) were significantly different from one another (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that IVF may largely overcome infertility in younger women, but it does not reverse the age-dependent decline in fertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"N Engl J Med"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa0803072","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46011508"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJMoa0803072"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19144939"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46011508"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/scanning-electron-and-light-microscopy-study-of-the-cervical-mucus-in-women-with-recenpqcsowd37tvc/","name":"Scanning electron and light microscopy study of the cervical mucus in women with  polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"Scanning electron and light microscopy study of the cervical mucus in women with  polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/scanning-electron-and-light-microscopy-study-of-the-cervical-mucus-in-women-with-recenpqcsowd37tvc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Manuel E Cortés","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0845-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x0xhn70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zúñiga A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0113-8901","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jessica Riquelme","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1758-2416","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Francisco Ceric","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5526-3399","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}}],"datePublished":"2009-01-15","abstract":"Two types of cervical mucus are recognized, oestrogenic and gestagenic. These are constituted by different subtypes, and their characteristics change depending on variations in the hormonal levels and on the existence of several pathologies. Our aim was to identify the ultrastructure and crystallization characteristics of the cervical mucus in women suffering from polycystic ovary syndrome, and to compare these characteristics with those of normal control women. Cervical mucus samples were taken from 10 women, 4 control group women (with normal ovulatory menstrual cycles) and 6 suffering from polycystic ovary syndrome (2 with ovulatory and 4 with anovulatory cycles). This mucus was characterized according to its ultrastructure and crystallization. The type of mucus obtained was related to the levels of oestradiol and progesterone present when the samples were taken. As regards mucus ultrastructure, differences were found between the control women and those with polycystic ovary syndrome and anovulatory menstrual cycles. Such variations were evident in the type of mesh and the average diameter of the mucus pores. Mucus crystallization in control women showed the usual oestrogenic disposition: fern-like (L, P2), rectilinear (S) or a hexagonal structure (P6). On the other hand, in women with polycystic ovary syndrome, indefinite mucus crystallizations were found, as well as crystallization patches resembling oestrogenic and gestagenic-like mucus. This study shows that the ultrastructure and crystallization characteristics of the cervical mucus in polycystic ovary syndrome women are different from those of control women. The latter would be dependent on their levels of oestradiol and progesterone.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"58","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Electron Microscopy"}}},"pageStart":"21","pageEnd":"27","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/jmicro/dfn032","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46164714"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/jmicro/dfn032"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19141465"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46164714"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-role-for-menstruation-in-preconditioning-the-uterus-for-successful-pregnancy-reclacbqy3xaohf8i/","name":"A role for menstruation in preconditioning the uterus for successful pregnancy","headline":"A role for menstruation in preconditioning the uterus for successful pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-role-for-menstruation-in-preconditioning-the-uterus-for-successful-pregnancy-reclacbqy3xaohf8i/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jan J Brosens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0116-9329","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Imperial College London","sameAs":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert Pijnenborg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5771-8185","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"KU Leuven","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05f950310"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ivo A Brosens","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Leuven Institute for Fertility and Embryology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012rp6f89"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Angus McIndoe","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Imperial College London","sameAs":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Malcolm G Parker","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hammersmith Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05jg8yp15"}}],"datePublished":"2009-01-13","abstract":"Menstruation is widely viewed as serving no purpose other than to reinitiate the endometrial cycle in the absence of pregnancy. Yet, it is striking that cyclic endometrial decidualization followed by menstrual shedding is confined to the few species, including human beings, where placenta formation entails deep trophoblast invasion of maternal tissues and its vasculature. Both menstruation and pregnancy are inflammatory conditions that cause a degree of physiological ischemia-reperfusion tissue injury, albeit much more so in pregnancy. Thus, the emergence of cyclic menstruation may not have been an evolutionary coincidence but serves to protect uterine tissues from the profound hyperinflammation and oxidative stress associated with deep placentation, a process known as preconditioning. The concept of menstrual preconditioning provides a novel paradigm for understanding how reproductive disorders impact on pregnancy outcome. For example, endometriosis could be viewed as a disorder of exaggerated menstrual preconditioning that confers protection against placentation-related disorders, such as preeclampsia.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"200","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"615.e1-615.e6156","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2008.11.037","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51942800"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ajog.2008.11.037"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19136085"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q51942800"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/device-complications-and-inappropriate-implantable-cardioverter-defibrillator-sh-recdlmwlrztmh8mhu/","name":"Device complications and inappropriate implantable cardioverter defibrillator shocks in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy","headline":"Device complications and inappropriate implantable cardioverter defibrillator shocks in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/device-complications-and-inappropriate-implantable-cardioverter-defibrillator-sh-recdlmwlrztmh8mhu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"G Lin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5042-7051","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mayo Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R A Nishimura","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4651-9740","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mayo Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B J Gersh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5605-900X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"WinnMed","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02s47w807"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S R Ommen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9410-0920","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mayo Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M J Ackerman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8011-3333","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mayo Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P A Brady","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2859-1119","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mayo Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Phil","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mayo Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03"}}],"datePublished":"2009-01-01","abstract":"Background: Although the benefit of implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) therapy in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) at risk for sudden cardiac arrest is well established, there may be a higher risk for device complications and inappropriate shocks.\n\nObjectives: To determine the incidence of inappropriate ICD shocks and device complications in HCM patients and the impact of young age at ICD implant and atrial fibrillation.\n\nMethods: HCM patients who underwent ICD implantation between January 1988 and December 2005 were included. The frequency of device complications, including pneumothorax, pericardial effusion, haematoma, lead revisions, infection and rate of inappropriate shocks, was determined. ICD shocks were characterised as inappropriate if triggered by sinus tachycardia, atrial fibrillation or device malfunction.\n\nResults: A total of 181 patients were included (mean age 44 (SD 17) years; 62% males). During a mean follow-up of 59 (42) months (4.92 years; 830.75 patient-years), 65 patients (36%) had a total of 88 device complications, including 42 (23%) patients with inappropriate shocks. The rate of inappropriate shocks was 5.3% per year (vs 4% risk of appropriate shocks), and the likelihood of inappropriate ICD shocks per 100 patient-years was 5.1. Younger age and atrial fibrillation were associated with an increased risk of inappropriate ICD discharges.\n\nConclusions: The rate of inappropriate ICD shocks and frequency of device complications in HCM patients are not insignificant and are most common in younger patients and those with atrial fibrillation. Inappropriate ICD shocks are the most common device complication and should be accounted for when counselling high-risk HCM patients for ICD implantation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"95","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Heart"}}},"pageStart":"709","pageEnd":"714","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/hrt.2008.150656","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83468636"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/hrt.2008.150656"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19282314"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q83468636"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cartr-2009-annual-report-2008-results-from-the-canadian-art-register-2mlyqqhf/","name":"CARTR 2009 Annual Report - 2008 Results from the Canadian ART Register","headline":"CARTR 2009 Annual Report - 2008 Results from the Canadian ART Register","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cartr-2009-annual-report-2008-results-from-the-canadian-art-register-2mlyqqhf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Canadian Fertility and Andrology Society"}],"datePublished":"2009-01-01","abstract":"Canadian ART Register (CARTR) annual report for 2008. A total of 15,000 cycles was reported to CARTR. Voluntary professional society database operated by the Canadian Fertility and Andrology Society.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"CFAS"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-soy-protein-and-isoflavones-on-circulating-hormone-concentrations-in--9jsufmvv/","name":"Effects of soy protein and isoflavones on circulating hormone concentrations in pre- and post-menopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis","headline":"Effects of soy protein and isoflavones on circulating hormone concentrations in pre- and post-menopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-soy-protein-and-isoflavones-on-circulating-hormone-concentrations-in--9jsufmvv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hooper L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ryder JJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M S Kurzer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2191-6459","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Rochester","sameAs":"https://ror.org/022kthw22"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J W Lampe","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2717-3780","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Rochester","sameAs":"https://ror.org/022kthw22"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Messina MJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"W R Phipps","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Rochester","sameAs":"https://ror.org/022kthw22"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cassidy A"}],"datePublished":"2009-01-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND Hormonal effects of soy and isoflavones have been investigated in numerous trials with equivocal findings. We aimed to systematically assess the effects of soy and isoflavones on circulating estrogen and other hormones in pre- and post-menopausal women. METHODS The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE and EMBASE (plus reviews and experts) were searched to December 2007. Inclusion of randomized or residential crossover trials of soy or isoflavones for 4 or more weeks on estrogens, SHBG, FSH, LH, progesterone and thyroid hormones in women was assessed independently in duplicate. Six percent of papers assessed were included. Data concerning participants, interventions, outcomes, potential effect modifiers and trial quality characteristics were extracted independently in duplicate. RESULTS Forty-seven studies (11 of pre-, 35 of post- and 1 of perimenopausal women) were included. In premenopausal women, meta-analysis suggested that soy or isoflavone consumption did not affect primary outcomes estradiol, estrone or SHBG concentrations, but significantly reduced secondary outcomes FSH and LH [by approximately 20% using standardized mean difference (SMD), P = 0.01 and 0.05, respectively]. Menstrual cycle length was increased by 1.05 days (95% CI 0.13, 1.97, 10 studies). In post-menopausal women, there were no statistically significant effects on estradiol, estrone, SHBG, FSH or LH, although there was a small statistically non-significant increase in total estradiol with soy or isoflavones ( approximately 14%, SMD, P = 0.07, 21 studies). CONCLUSIONS Isoflavone-rich soy products decrease FSH and LH in premenopausal women and may increase estradiol in post-menopausal women. The clinical implications of these modest hormonal changes remain to be determined.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction update"}}},"pageStart":"423","pageEnd":"40","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmp010","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30859481"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humupd/dmp010"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19299447"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q30859481"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/impact-of-catholic-health-care-directives-on-ethics-and-religion-recxtlje8rvhvjktb/","name":"Impact of Catholic Health Care Directives on Ethics and Religion","headline":"Impact of Catholic Health Care Directives on Ethics and Religion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/impact-of-catholic-health-care-directives-on-ethics-and-religion-recxtlje8rvhvjktb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"USCCB"}],"datePublished":"2009-01-01","abstract":"Executive Summary\nCatholic Health is a ministry of the Church. Through the Ethical and Religious Directives for Catholic Health Care Services (ERDs), the Church reaffirms its commitment to the ministry of health care and the distinctive Catholic identity of the Church’s institutional health care services.\nThe purpose of the ERDs are as follows:\n- To affirm the ethical standards that flow from the Church’s teaching about human dignity.\n- To provide authoritative guidance on some specific moral issues facing Catholic health care.\n- To provide professionals, patients and families with principles and guides for making decisions.\nThese directives set some basic parameters as to how Catholic healthcare should be delivered and to which all are accountable.\nPart I: The social responsibility of Catholic health care services\nCatholic health care is guided by the following normative principles:\n- a commitment to promote human dignity, to care for the poor, to contribute to the common good, to be responsible stewards of available resources, and\n- to act in communion with the Church.\nKey Directives:\n- #1: We are a community of care animated by the Gospel and respectful of the church’s moral tradition.\n- #2: We act in a manner characterized by mutual respect among caregivers and serving with compassion of Christ.\n- #3: We distinguish ourselves by service to and advocacy for the marginalized and vulnerable.\n- #6: We are to use healthcare resources responsibly.\n- #7: We treat employees respectfully and justly (non‐discrimination in hiring, employee participation in decision‐making, a workplace that ensures safety and well‐being, just compensation and benefits; recognition of the right to organize).\nPart II: The pastoral and spiritual responsibilities of Catholic health care\nCatholic health care has the responsibility to treat those in need in a way that respects the human dignity and eternal destiny of all.\nSince a Catholic health care institution is a community of healing and compassion, care is not limited to the physical; it also embraces the\npsychological, social, and spiritual dimensions of the person.\nHence, pastoral care is an integral part of Catholic health care.\nKey Directives:\n- #15: We address the holistic needs of persons.\n- #10: We ensure professional preparation and credentials for staff; address the particular religious needs of patients.\n- #10‐14, #20‐22: We respect proper authorities in each religion or Christian denomination regarding appointments.\n- #11, #22: We maintain an ecumenical staff or make appropriate referrals.\n- #10, 12‐20: We address the sacramental needs of Catholics.\nPart Iii: The professional‐patient relationship\nMutual respect, trust, honesty, and confidentiality mark this relationship.\nPersonal nature of care must not be lost even when a team of caregivers is involved in care.\nThe dignity of the person is respected regardless of health problem or social status, (e.g., race, creed, color, national origin, ancestry, religion, sex, sexual orientation, marital status, age, newborn status, handicap, or source of payment).\nKey Directives:\n- #23: We respect and protect the inherent dignity of human person.\n- #24: We encourage and respect advance directives.\n- #25: We respect choices of surrogate decision makers.\n- #26, #27: We honor patients’ right to make treatment decisions; we respect informed consent.\n- #32: We respect decisions to forego treatment; distinction between ordinary or proportionate means (morally obligatory) and extraordinary or disproportionate means (morally optional).\n- #33: We consider whole person when deciding about therapeutic interventions.\n- #34: We respect privacy and confidentiality.\n- #36: We provide compassionate and appropriate care to victims of sexual assault. We cooperate with law enforcement officials; offer psychological and spiritual support; we offer “accurate medical information;” we provide treatment to prevent conception: pregnancy approach; ovulation approach.\n- #37: We are required to have an ethics committee or ensure some alternate form of ethical consultation is available.\nPart IV: Issues in care for the beginning of life\nThe Church’s commitment to human dignity inspires an abiding concern for the sanctity of human life from its very beginning, and to the dignity of marriage and of the marriage act by which human life is transmitted.\nThe Church’s defense of life encompasses the unborn and the care of women and their children during and after pregnancy.\nThe unitive and procreative meanings of sexual intercourse must not be separated. Procreation is joined naturally to the marriage act. Any technique used to achieve conception by the use of gametes coming from at least one donor other than the spouses is prohibited.\nKey Directives:\n- #40, #41, #52, #53: We do not perform heterologous fertilization (AID), gestational surrogacy; homologous fertilization (AIH), IVF; contraceptive practices, direct sterilization.\n- #43: We do provide some infertility treatments.\n- #45: We do not provide abortions but provide compassionate care to those who have had an abortion.\n- #47: We perform (indirect abortions) procedures whose sole immediate purpose is to save the mother’s life, where the death of embryo or fetus is foreseen but unavoidable.\n- #50: We conduct prenatal diagnosis.\n- #53: We perform (indirect sterilizations) procedures that induce sterility when their direct effect is the cure or alleviation of a present and serious pathological and a simpler treatment is not available.\n- #54: We offer prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling in order to promote preventive care and responsible parenthood.\nPart V: Issues in the care of the dying\nCatholic health care ministry faces death with the confidence of faith; it witnesses to the belief that God has created each person for eternal life.\nA Catholic health care institution will be a community of respect, love, and support to patients and their families as they face death.\nEffective pain management is critical in the appropriate care of the dying.\nWe have a duty to preserve our lives, but that duty is not absolute.\nThe use of medical technologies is judged in light of the Christian meaning of life, suffering, and death.\nKey Directives:\n- #55: We help patients prepare for death: provide necessary information for decision‐making;\n- #56‐57: We understand that a person may forgo extraordinary or disproportionate means of preserving life; no moral obligation to employ disproportionate or too burdensome treatments.\n- #58: We understand that there should be a presumption in favor of providing nutrition and hydration, including medically assisted, as long as the benefits it provides outweigh the burdens.\n- #59: We respect the free and informed judgment of competent patient to accept or refuse life‐sustaining treatment;\n- #60: We do not provide euthanasia and physician‐assisted suicide.\n- #61: We assure appropriateness of good pain management, even when death may be indirectly hastened through use of analgesics.\n- #63‐66: We encourage appropriate use of tissue and organ donation.\nPart VI: Forming new partnerships with health care organizations and providers\nNew partnerships can be viewed as opportunities for Catholic health care institutions and services to witness to their religious and ethical commitments and so influence the healing profession.\nNew partnerships can pose serious challenges to the identity of Catholic health care institutions and services.\nScandal can result when partnerships are not built on common values and moral principles. - Intention: Intending, desiring or approving the wrongdoing is always morally wrong (formal cooperation).\n- Action: Participating in the wrongdoing or providing conditions for the evil to occur (material cooperation). - Material cooperation can be immediate or mediate. - Mediate material cooperation can be proximate or remote.\nKey Directives:\n- #67, #68: We consult with diocesan bishop or liaison if partnership could have serious impact on the Catholic identity or reputation of the organization, or cause scandal. We seek proper authorization.\n- #70: We are forbidden from engaging in immediate material cooperation in intrinsically evil actions (e.g., IVF, direct sterilization). - Immediate material cooperation with regard to partnerships would include ownership, governance, management, financial benefit, material and personnel support.\n- #71: We are required to consider “scandal” when applying the principle (means “leading others into sin” and not causing shock or discomfort; scandal may often be avoided by good explanation). - May foreclose cooperation even if licit. - The bishop has final responsibility for assessing and addressing scandal.\n- #72: We are required to periodically assess whether the agreement is being properly observed and implemented.","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/tubal-surgery-and-treatment-of-infertility-rechfx0ux2vzcc8ek/","name":"Tubal Surgery and Treatment of Infertility","headline":"Tubal Surgery and Treatment of Infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/tubal-surgery-and-treatment-of-infertility-rechfx0ux2vzcc8ek/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"D S Lee","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Biotech (Canada)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01k458340"}}],"datePublished":"2009-01-01","abstract":"This paper empirically assesses the wage effects of the Job Corps program, one of the largest federally funded job training programs in the U.S. Even with the aid of a randomized experiment, the impact of a training program on wages is difficult to study because of sample selection, a pervasive problem in applied microeconometric research. Wage rates are only observed for those who are employed, and employment status itself may be affected by the training program. This paper develops an intuitive trimming procedure for bounding average treatment effects in the presence of sample selection. In contrast to existing methods, the procedure requires neither exclusion restrictions nor a bounded support for the outcome of interest. Identification results, estimators, and their asymptotic distribution are presented. The bounds suggest that the program raised wages, consistent with the notion that the Job Corps raises earnings by increasing human capital, rather than solely through encouraging work. The estimator is generally applicable to typical treatment evaluation problems in which there is nonrandom sample selection/attrition. Copyright","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical Obstetrics & Gynecology (or NOT_FOUND if referencing a different publication)"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ectopic-endometrium-in-human-foetuses-is-a-common-event-and-sustains-the-theory--reclcjr0xjlxt0fcx/","name":"\"Ectopic endometrium in human foetuses is a common event and sustains the theory of müllerianosis in the pathogenesis of endometriosis, a disease that predisposes to cancer.\"","headline":"\"Ectopic endometrium in human foetuses is a common event and sustains the theory of müllerianosis in the pathogenesis of endometriosis, a disease that predisposes to cancer.\"","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ectopic-endometrium-in-human-foetuses-is-a-common-event-and-sustains-the-theory--reclcjr0xjlxt0fcx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rossana Bussani","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8241-9726","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Trieste","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02n742c10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria De Falco","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9652-5199","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Naples Federico II","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05290cv24"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alfonso Baldi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8693-3842","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Campania \"Luigi Vanvitelli\"","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02kqnpp86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Feliciano Baldi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3279-2949","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Campania \"Luigi Vanvitelli\"","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02kqnpp86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mariarosaria D'Armiento","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Naples Federico II","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05290cv24"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pietro G Signorile","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Endometriosis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01q5m4507"}}],"datePublished":"2009-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"28","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Experimental &amp; Clinical Cancer Research"}}},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-9966-28-49","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198849"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/1756-9966-28-49"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19358700"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q21198849"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assessment-of-the-luteal-phase-in-stimulated-and-substituted-cycles-recwvnyzrlt1y9jmk/","name":"Assessment of the luteal phase in stimulated and substituted cycles","headline":"Assessment of the luteal phase in stimulated and substituted cycles","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assessment-of-the-luteal-phase-in-stimulated-and-substituted-cycles-recwvnyzrlt1y9jmk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"H M Fatemi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9330-4040","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Dutch-Speaking Free University Brussels, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium."}}],"datePublished":"2009-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Facts, Views & Vision in ObGyn"}}},"pageStart":"30","pageEnd":"46","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34608208","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25478069"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34608208"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/american-obstetrics-and-gynecology-18501930-history-of-gynecologic-surgery-kmdbqc7g/","name":"American Obstetrics and Gynecology 1850-1930 (history of gynecologic surgery)","headline":"American Obstetrics and Gynecology 1850-1930 (history of gynecologic surgery)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/american-obstetrics-and-gynecology-18501930-history-of-gynecologic-surgery-kmdbqc7g/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Cyr RM"}],"datePublished":"2009-01-01","abstract":"Historical poster presented at the 2009 ACOG Annual Meeting by Ronald M. Cyr, MD, FACOG, tracing the development of American obstetrics and gynecology from 1850 to 1930, including the early history of ovariotomy and gynecologic surgery.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"ACOG Annual Meeting poster"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-catholic-physician-and-natural-family-planning-recnsjm9nbpwrqi2v/","name":"The Catholic Physician and Natural Family Planning","headline":"The Catholic Physician and Natural Family Planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-catholic-physician-and-natural-family-planning-recnsjm9nbpwrqi2v/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"The National Catholic Bioethics Center"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}}],"datePublished":"2009-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"305","pageEnd":"323","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.5840/ncbq20099258","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.5840/ncbq20099258"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recurrence-of-endometriosis-and-its-control-recnltqjyupbvrd0c/","name":"Recurrence of endometriosis and its control","headline":"Recurrence of endometriosis and its control","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recurrence-of-endometriosis-and-its-control-recnltqjyupbvrd0c/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sun-Wei Guo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8511-7624","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Renji Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ypbx660"}}],"datePublished":"2009-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction update"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmp007","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34961059"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humupd/dmp007"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19279046"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34961059"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/interactions-between-metabolic-and-reproductive-functions-in-the-resumption-of-p-rzr56yct/","name":"Interactions between metabolic and reproductive functions in the resumption of postpartum fecundity","headline":"Interactions between metabolic and reproductive functions in the resumption of postpartum fecundity","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/interactions-between-metabolic-and-reproductive-functions-in-the-resumption-of-p-rzr56yct/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Valeggia C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"P T Ellison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0069-9064","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}}],"datePublished":"2009-01-01","abstract":"Lactation has long been recognized as a major determinant of interbirth intervals. The temporal pattern of nursing has been proposed as the mechanism behind lactational amenorrhea. We present a new model of the dynamic regulation of lactational amenorrhea that identifies maternal energy availability as the main determinant of ovarian resumption. Variation in the intensity of lactation remains a component of the model as a determinant of the absolute energetic cost of milk production. However, maternal energy supply determines net energy availability; a larger energy supply leaves a greater net energy surplus than a smaller energy supply (lactation costs being equal). We characterize the hormonal postpartum profile of 70 lactating Toba women of Argentina. We use C-peptide, which reflects maternal insulin production, as a measure of energy availability. Initially low, insulin production rises as the postpartum period progresses, reflecting the declining metabolic load of lactation. A short period of supernormal insulin production precedes menstrual resumption. The high levels of insulin may play a role in stimulating the resumption of ovarian activity, which in turn may help to resolve the transient period of insulin resistance. The dynamics of insulin sensitivity during lactation would aid in synchronizing the resumption of ovarian function with a reduction in the energy demands of milk production. This hypothesis is supported by the sustained weight gain experienced by lactating women during the months preceding the first postpartum menses. The link between fecundity and energy balance could serve as a mechanism for adjusting the duration of lactational amenorrhea to the relative metabolic load of lactation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council"}}},"pageStart":"559","pageEnd":"66","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/ajhb.20907","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35834929"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/ajhb.20907"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19298003"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35834929"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2008-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2008-tynd4sb5/","name":"DIR Jahrbuch 2008 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2008)","headline":"DIR Jahrbuch 2008 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2008)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2008-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2008-tynd4sb5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register e.V."}],"datePublished":"2009-01-01","abstract":"Annual report (Jahrbuch) of the Deutsches IVF-Register (DIR) for treatment year 2008. DIR is the German national IVF/ICSI registry, founded 1982 — the oldest continuously operating ART registry. Voluntary professional-society database with high de-facto coverage of German fertility centres. Reports cycles, transfers, pregnancies and clinical outcomes by treatment type (IVF, ICSI, frozen embryo transfer, donor). German-language registry document. Used as a Phase B historical-archive source for the ART Registry Comparison study (cross-registry classification by reporting completeness on 7 framework dimensions).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register Jahrbuch"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/faculty-opinions-recommendation-of-ectopic-endometrium-in-human-foetuses-is-a-co-rec9xftkcbgowjasy/","name":"Faculty Opinions recommendation of Ectopic endometrium in human foetuses is a common event and sustains the theory of müllerianosis in the pathogenesis of endometriosis, a disease that predisposes to cancer","headline":"Faculty Opinions recommendation of Ectopic endometrium in human foetuses is a common event and sustains the theory of müllerianosis in the pathogenesis of endometriosis, a disease that predisposes to cancer","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/faculty-opinions-recommendation-of-ectopic-endometrium-in-human-foetuses-is-a-co-rec9xftkcbgowjasy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lone Hummelshoj","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1490-7802","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"World Endometriosis Research Foundation, London, United Kingdom.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01q5m4507"}}],"datePublished":"2009-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3410/f.1160737.624283","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3410/f.1160737.624283"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/world-collaborative-report-on-assisted-reproductive-technology-2002-7k9zk5ll/","name":"World collaborative report on Assisted Reproductive Technology, 2002","headline":"World collaborative report on Assisted Reproductive Technology, 2002","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/world-collaborative-report-on-assisted-reproductive-technology-2002-7k9zk5ll/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technology"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacques de Mouzon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9465-3488","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lancaster P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nygren KG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sullivan E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fernando Zegers-Hochschild","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6234-6179","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Clínica Las Condes","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j5bwe91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Mansour","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0758-3387","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Egyptian IVF-ET Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035aahr55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ishihara O"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Adamson D"}],"datePublished":"2009 Sep","abstract":"International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technology(1); de \nMouzon J, Lancaster P, Nygren KG, Sullivan E, Zegers-Hochschild F, Mansour R, \nIshihara O, Adamson D.\n\nAuthor information:\n(1)INSERM U569, Hôpital de Bicêtre, 82 rue du Général Leclerc, 94276 Le Kremlin \nBicêtre Cedex, Paris, France.\n\nErratum in\n    Hum Reprod. 2010 May;25(5):1345.\n\nThe International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technology's \n(ICMART) Eighth World Report analyzes assisted reproductive technology (ART) \npractice and results for the year 2002 from 53 countries by type of ART, women's \nage, number of embryos transferred and multiple births. Over 601,243 initiated \ncycles resulted in a delivery rate (DR) per aspiration of 22.4% for conventional \nIVF, 21.2% for ICSI and a DR per transfer of 15.3% for frozen embryo transfer. \nFor conventional IVF and ICSI, there was an overall twin rate of 25.7% per \ndelivery and a triplet rate of 2.5%. The number of babies born worldwide through \nART in 2002 was estimated to range between 219,000 and 246,000. There were wide \nvariations in availability, DRs and multiple birth rates across the countries. \nCompared with the previous report (year 2000), there was a large increase in the \nnumber of cycles and a slight increase in the DR. There was a marginal decline \nin the mean number of embryos transferred and in the multiple DRs.\n\nDOI: 10.1093/humrep/dep098\nPMID: 19474459 [Indexed for MEDLINE]","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dep098","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44743073"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/dep098"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19474459"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44743073"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-surveillanceunited-states-2006-z2avcyjb/","name":"Assisted reproductive technology surveillance--United States, 2006","headline":"Assisted reproductive technology surveillance--United States, 2006","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-surveillanceunited-states-2006-z2avcyjb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Saswati Sunderam","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jung‐Chen Chang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8651-2602","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Taiwan University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05bqach95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Flowers L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anuja Kulkarni","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Mamta Hospital (Dr. Kulkarni), Mamta Hospital, Endoscopy & Infertility Center, Latur, Maharashtra, India. Electronic address: anuja@mamtahospital.com."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sentelle G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gary Jeng","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Macaluso M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)"}],"datePublished":"2009 Jun 12","abstract":"Sunderam S(1), Chang J, Flowers L, Kulkarni A, Sentelle G, Jeng G, Macaluso M; \nCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Surveillance summaries (Washington, D.C. : 2002)"},"sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45977156","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19521336"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q45977156"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-and-intrauterine-inseminations-in-europe-2005-r-veoahl0g/","name":"Assisted reproductive technology and intrauterine inseminations in Europe, 2005: results generated from European registers by ESHRE: ESHRE. The European IVF Monitoring Programme (EIM), for the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE)","headline":"Assisted reproductive technology and intrauterine inseminations in Europe, 2005: results generated from European registers by ESHRE: ESHRE. The European IVF Monitoring Programme (EIM), for the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-and-intrauterine-inseminations-in-europe-2005-r-veoahl0g/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Nyboe Andersen A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Veerle Goossens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9342-2143","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/028sbah75"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Siladitya Bhattacharya","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6279-7826","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aberdeen Maternity Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0020hse07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ferraretti AP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kupka MS","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6559-0580"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacques de Mouzon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9465-3488","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nygren KG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"European IVF-monitoring (EIM) Consortium"},{"@type":"Person","name":"for the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE)"}],"datePublished":"2009 Jun","abstract":"18. Assisted reproductive technology and intrauterine inseminations in Europe, 2005: results generated from European registers by ESHRE: ESHRE. The European IVF Monitoring Programme (EIM), for the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE). Nyboe Andersen A(1), Goossens V, Bhattacharya S, Ferraretti AP, Kupka MS, de Mouzon J, Nygren KG; European IVF-monitoring (EIM) Consortium, for the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE). Collaborators: Glozheni O, Candeur M, Kyurkchiev S, Radakovic B, Rezabek K, Erb K, Tiitinen A, De Mouzon J, Shojaei T, Bühler K, Tarlatzis B, Urbancsek J, Bjorgvinsson H, Mocanu E, Scaravelli G, Lejins V, Gudleviciene Z, Lazarevski S, Simic TM, Lambalk C, Hazekamp JT, Kuczynski W, Calhaz-Jorge C, Korsak V, Radunovic N, Marsik L, Tomazevic T, Hernandez J, Karlcstrom PO, Weder M, Isikoglu M, Veselovsky V, Baranowsk R. (1)ESHRE Central Office, Meerstraat 60 B-1852, Grimbergen, Belgium. anders.nyboe.andersen@rh.regionh.dk Comment in Hum Reprod. 2010 Mar;25(3):805-6; author reply 806-7. doi: 10.1093/humrep/dep388. BACKGROUND: Results of assisted reproductive techniques from treatments initiated in Europe during 2005 are presented in this ninth report. Data were mainly collected from existing national registers. METHODS: From 30 countries, 923 clinics reported 418 111 treatment cycles including: IVF (118 074), ICSI (203 329), frozen embryo replacement (79 140), oocyte donation (ED, 11 475), preimplantation genetic diagnosis/screening (5846) and in vitro maturation (247). Overall, this represents a 13.6% increase since 2004, partly due to inclusion of 28 417 cycles from Turkey. European data on intrauterine insemination using husband/partner's semen (IUI-H) and donor semen (IUI-D) were reported from 21 countries and included 128 908 IUI-H and 20 568 IUI-D cycles. RESULTS: In 16 countries where all clinics reported to the IVF register, 1115 cycles were performed per million inhabitants. For IVF, the clinical pregnancy rates per aspiration and per transfer were 26.9% and 30.3%, respectively. For ICSI, the corresponding rates were 28.5% and 30.9%. After IUI-H, the clinical pregnancy rate was 12.6% per insemination in women <40. After IVF and ICSI, the distribution of transfer of one, two, three and four or more embryos was 20.0%, 56.1%, 21.5% and 2.3%, respectively. Huge differences exist between countries. The distribution of singleton, twin and triplet deliveries after IVF and ICSI was 78.2%, 21.0% and 0.8%, respectively. This gives a total multiple delivery rate of 21.8% compared with 22.7% in 2004 and 23.1% in 2003. In women <40 years of age, IUI-H was associated with a twin and triplet pregnancy rate of 11.0% and 1.1%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with earlier years, there was an increase in the reported number of ART cycles in Europe. Although fewer embryos were transferred per treatment, there was a marginal increase in pregnancy rates and a reduction in multiple deliveries.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dep035","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45013228"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/dep035"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19225009"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q45013228"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstruation-in-adolescents-whats-normal-tdqd2kqb/","name":"Menstruation in adolescents: what's normal?","headline":"Menstruation in adolescents: what's normal?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstruation-in-adolescents-whats-normal-tdqd2kqb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Adams Hillard PJ"}],"datePublished":"2008-12-30","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Medscape Journal of Medicine"},"sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46094582","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19242601"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46094582"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/multilevel-model-to-assess-sources-of-variation-in-follicular-growth-close-to-th-recaxhweuu0isnfrx/","name":"Multilevel model to assess sources of variation in follicular growth close to the time of ovulation in women with normal fertility: a multicenter observational study","headline":"Multilevel model to assess sources of variation in follicular growth close to the time of ovulation in women with normal fertility: a multicenter observational study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/multilevel-model-to-assess-sources-of-variation-in-follicular-growth-close-to-th-recaxhweuu0isnfrx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rafael Mikolajczyk","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1271-7204","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bielefeld University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02hpadn98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"René Ecochard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1695-789X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospices Civils de Lyon","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01502ca60"}}],"datePublished":"2008-12-17","abstract":"BACKGROUND: To assess the amount of variability in ovarian follicular growth rate and maximum follicular diameter related to different centers, women and cycles of the same women in a multicenter observational study of follicular growth.\n\nMETHODS: Secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study from eight centers in Europe. There were 533 ultrasound examinations in 282 cycles of 107 women with normal fertility. A random effects model with center, woman and cycle as hierarchical units of variation was used to analyze mean follicular diameter on days preceding ovulation.\n\nRESULTS: Follicular growth did not differ by center. There was homogenous growth across women and cycles, and the maximum follicular diameter before ovulation varied substantially across cycles but not across women. Many (about 40%) women had small maximum follicular diameter on the day before ovulation (<19 mm). Pre-ovulatory cycle length was not related to maximum follicular diameter.\n\nCONCLUSION: In normal fecundity, there is a substantial variation in maximum follicular diameter from cycle to cycle based on variation in the duration of follicular development, but the variation could not be explained by different characteristics of different women. Explanation of variation in follicular growth has to be found on the cycle level.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology : RB&E"}}},"pageStart":"61","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7827-6-61","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21245547"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/1477-7827-6-61"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19077200"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q21245547"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-case-control-study-of-oral-contraceptive-use-and-incident-breast-cancer-rec6bxekhwrpadvdu/","name":"A case-control study of oral contraceptive use and incident breast cancer","headline":"A case-control study of oral contraceptive use and incident breast cancer","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-case-control-study-of-oral-contraceptive-use-and-incident-breast-cancer-rec6bxekhwrpadvdu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lynn Rosenberg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0686-0485","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yue Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4745-8038","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patricia F Coogan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3671-7663"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Julie R Palmer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6534-335X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035zrb927"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brian L Strom","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5750-4232","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Cancer Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"}}],"datePublished":"2008-12-17","abstract":"Oral contraceptive (OC) use has been linked to increased risk of breast cancer, largely on the basis of studies conducted before 1990. In the Case-Control Surveillance Study, a US hospital-based case-control study of medication use and cancer, the authors assessed the relation of OC use to breast cancer risk among 907 case women with incident invasive breast cancer (731 white, 176 black) and 1,711 controls (1,152 white, 559 black) interviewed from 1993 to 2007. They evaluated whether the association differed by ethnicity or tumor hormone receptor status. After control for breast cancer risk factors, the multivariable odds ratio for 1 year or more of OC use, relative to less than 1 year of use, was 1.5 (95% confidence interval: 1.2, 1.8). The estimates were similar within age strata (<50 years and >or= 50 years). The odds ratios were larger for use within the previous 10 years, long-duration use, and black ethnicity, but these differences were not statistically significant. The association of OC use with breast cancer risk did not differ according to the estrogen or progestogen receptor status of the tumor. These results suggest that OC use is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer diagnosed in recent years.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"169","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Epidemiology"}}},"pageStart":"473","pageEnd":"479","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwn360","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37304563"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/aje/kwn360"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19074777"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37304563"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mhccorrelated-odour-preferences-in-humans-and-the-use-of-oral-contraceptives-vrxxidoa/","name":"MHC-correlated odour preferences in humans and the use of oral contraceptives","headline":"MHC-correlated odour preferences in humans and the use of oral contraceptives","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mhccorrelated-odour-preferences-in-humans-and-the-use-of-oral-contraceptives-vrxxidoa/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Roberts SC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gosling LM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carter V"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Petrie M"}],"datePublished":"2008-12-07","abstract":"Previous studies in animals and humans show that genes in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) influence individual odours and that females often prefer odour of MHC-dissimilar males, perhaps to increase offspring heterozygosity or reduce inbreeding. Women using oral hormonal contraceptives have been reported to have the opposite preference, raising the possibility that oral contraceptives alter female preference towards MHC similarity, with possible fertility costs. Here we test directly whether contraceptive pill use alters odour preferences using a longitudinal design in which women were tested before and after initiating pill use; a control group of non-users were tested with a comparable interval between test sessions. In contrast to some previous studies, there was no significant difference in ratings between odours of MHC-dissimilar and MHC-similar men among women during the follicular cycle phase. However, single women preferred odours of MHC-similar men, while women in relationships preferred odours of MHC-dissimilar men, a result consistent with studies in other species, suggesting that paired females may seek to improve offspring quality through extra-pair partnerships. Across tests, we found a significant preference shift towards MHC similarity associated with pill use, which was not evident in the control group. If odour plays a role in human mate choice, our results suggest that contraceptive pill use could disrupt disassortative mate preferences.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"275","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1652","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Proceedings. Biological sciences"}}},"pageStart":"2715","pageEnd":"22","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2008.0825","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24643916"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1098/rspb.2008.0825"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18700206"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q24643916"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/celebrating-the-feminine-genius-recagt8n9ucoytnwb/","name":"Celebrating the Feminine Genius","headline":"Celebrating the Feminine Genius","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/celebrating-the-feminine-genius-recagt8n9ucoytnwb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Renee Mirkes","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontifical John Paul II Institute for Studies on Marriage and Family","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xphj289"}}],"datePublished":"2008-12-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fellowship of Catholic Scholars Quarterly"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/age-at-menarche-in-the-canadian-population-secular-trends-and-relationship-to-ad-rec3twdulkne4sjzz/","name":"Age at menarche in the Canadian population: secular trends and relationship to  adulthood BMI","headline":"Age at menarche in the Canadian population: secular trends and relationship to  adulthood BMI","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/age-at-menarche-in-the-canadian-population-secular-trends-and-relationship-to-ad-rec3twdulkne4sjzz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mieke Koehoorn","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5376-7489","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marci Harris","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5156-563X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Public Health, Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2008-11-26","abstract":"Purpose: Studies from around the world indicate a trend toward younger ages of menarche. The extent of this trend in the Canadian population is unknown, and the relationship to later-life health indicators has not yet been fully elucidated. The objective of this study is to estimate the trend in age at menarche (AAM) in the Canadian population and evaluate the relationship between AAM and adult body mass index (BMI).\n\nMethods: Our data source was a nationally representative survey (the Canadian Community Health Survey, 2.2), and analyses included 8080 women, aged 15 and older, who self-reported AAM. Height and weight were measured by the interviewers for the calculation of current BMI. We modeled the secular trend in AAM over time, and the relationship between current BMI and AAM.\n\nResults: We found a statistically significant decline in AAM in successive age cohorts, indicating a 0.73-year (8.8-month) decrease in AAM between the oldest and youngest age cohorts in the sample. A 1-year increase in AAM was associated with a decrease in mean BMI of approximately 0.5 kg/m(2), after adjustment for covariates. A current age-AAM interaction term was nonsignificant, indicating that the relationship was stable throughout increasing temporal separation from puberty.\n\nConclusion: The observed trend toward earlier menarche could be an indicator of a change in insulin-related metabolism, possibly mediated by behavioral and environmental variables. This study suggests that AAM may be an important clinical and public health indicator of susceptibility to overweight and obesity and attendant morbidity.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"43","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Adolescent Health : Official Publication of the Society for  Adolescent Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"548","pageEnd":"554","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2008.07.017","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43970598"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jadohealth.2008.07.017"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19027642"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43970598"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vertebral-fracture-status-and-the-world-health-organization-risk-factors-for-pre-recangvqy3rk2kzns/","name":"Vertebral fracture status and the World Health Organization risk factors for  predicting osteoporotic fracture risk","headline":"Vertebral fracture status and the World Health Organization risk factors for  predicting osteoporotic fracture risk","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vertebral-fracture-status-and-the-world-health-organization-risk-factors-for-pre-recangvqy3rk2kzns/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"John H Krege","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0172-5252","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eli Lilly (United States)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01qat3289"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alan Tenenhouse","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emmanuel A Papadimitropoulos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3688-523X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eli Lilly (Canada)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p8kt313"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nancy Kreiger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W P Olszynski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2834-8645","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Saskatchewan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert G Josse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-6264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"CaMOS Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pai-Lien Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7300-0122","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Triangle","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fhbr831"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1406-4251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}}],"datePublished":"2008-11-20","abstract":"Vertebral fractures are the most common osteoporotic fracture, and patients with prevalent vertebral fractures have a greater risk of future fractures. However, radiographically determined vertebral fractures are not identified as a distinct risk factor in the World Health Organization (WHO) fracture risk assessment tool. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare potential risk factors including morphometric spine fracture status and the WHO risk factors for predicting 5-yr fracture risk. We hypothesized that spine fracture status provides prognostic information in addition to consideration of the WHO risk factors alone. A randomly selected, population-based community cohort of 2761 noninstitutionalized men and women > or =50 yr of age living within 50 km of one of nine regional centers was enrolled in the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMOS), a prospective and longitudinal cohort study following subjects for 5 yr. Prevalent and incident spine fractures were identified from lateral spine radiographs. Incident nonvertebral fragility fractures were determined by an annual, mailed fracture questionnaire with validation, and nonvertebral fragility fracture was defined by investigators as a fracture with minimal trauma. A model considering the WHO risk factors plus spine fracture status provided greater prognostic information regarding future fracture risk than a model considering the WHO risk factors alone. In univariate analyses, age, BMD, and spine fracture status had the highest gradient of risk. A model considering these three risk factors captured almost all of the predictive information provided by a model considering spine fracture status plus the WHO risk factors and provided greater predictive information than a model considering the WHO risk factors alone. The use of spine fracture status along with age and BMD predicted future fracture risk with greater simplicity and higher prognostic accuracy than consideration of the risk factors included in the WHO tool.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Bone and Mineral Research : the Official Journal of the American  Society for Bone and Mineral Research"}}},"pageStart":"495","pageEnd":"502","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1359/jbmr.081103","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37401857"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1359/jbmr.081103"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19016585"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37401857"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/human-fertilisation-and-embryology-act-2008-v99nms5r/","name":"Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 2008","headline":"Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 2008","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/human-fertilisation-and-embryology-act-2008-v99nms5r/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"United Kingdom Parliament"}],"datePublished":"2008-11-13","abstract":"An Act to amend the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 1990 and the Surrogacy Arrangements Act 1985; to make provision about the persons who in certain circumstances are to be treated in law as the parents of a child; and for connected purposes. The 2008 Act updated the regulatory framework established in 1990 to reflect scientific and social developments. Key changes included: explicit provision for human admixed embryos (cytoplasmic hybrids) for research purposes; recognition of same-sex couples as legal parents following licensed treatment; replacement of the previous 'need for a father' welfare clause with 'supportive parenting'; tightened consent and withdrawal-of-consent provisions following the Evans judgment; expanded scope of pre-implantation genetic testing including saviour-sibling testing; statutory regulation of mitochondrial replacement (later activated via 2015 regulations); and enhanced parental order provisions for surrogacy. The 2008 Act maintained the HFEA's role as licensing authority and registry steward but reorganised offence definitions and licence conditions.","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-of-the-marquette-method-of-natural-family-planning-reclgzq82hktdtwzg/","name":"Efficacy of the Marquette Method of natural family planning","headline":"Efficacy of the Marquette Method of natural family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-of-the-marquette-method-of-natural-family-planning-reclgzq82hktdtwzg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Schneider","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8090-4971","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Lee Barron","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4719-3420","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}}],"datePublished":"2008-11-11","abstract":"Purpose: To determine the effectiveness of the Marquette Method (MM) of natural family planning (NFP) as a method of avoiding pregnancy. STUDY DESIGN AND\n\nMethods: This was a 12-month retrospective evaluation of the MM system of NFP. Two hundred and four women (mean age, 28.6 years) and their male partners (mean age, 30.3 years) who sought to learn a method for avoiding pregnancy with the MM from four clinical sites were taught to track their fertility by self-observation of cervical mucus, by use of an electronic monitor that measures urinary levels of estrone-3-glucuronide and luteinizing hormone, and by use of basal body temperature. All unintended pregnancies were evaluated by professional nurses as to whether they were intended or not. Pregnancy rates over 12 months of use were determined by survival analysis.\n\nResults: There were a total of 12 unintended pregnancies, only 1 with correct use. The 12-month \"correct use\" pregnancy rate was 0.6 (i.e., 99.4% effective) and the \"typical use\" (total pregnancy rate) was 10.6 (i.e., 89.4% effective) per 100 users.\nClinical Implications: When used correctly, the MM system of NFP is an effective means of avoiding pregnancy. The efficacy of the MM system includes proper preparation of the professional nurse NFP teachers.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"33","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"MCN. The American Journal of Maternal Child Nursing"}}},"pageStart":"348","pageEnd":"354","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/01.NMC.0000341254.80426.32","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46255498"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/01.NMC.0000341254.80426.32"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18997569"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46255498"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-reproductive-factors-and-oral-contraceptives-on-breast-cancer-risk-in--recfueyxhttuplp6a/","name":"Effect of reproductive factors and oral contraceptives on breast cancer risk in  BRCA1/2 mutation carriers and noncarriers: results from a population-based study","headline":"Effect of reproductive factors and oral contraceptives on breast cancer risk in  BRCA1/2 mutation carriers and noncarriers: results from a population-based study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-reproductive-factors-and-oral-contraceptives-on-breast-cancer-risk-in--recfueyxhttuplp6a/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Eunjung Lee","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0879-2642","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hongli Ma","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6921-4301","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Centers","sameAs":"https://ror.org/033tgbx59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roberta McKean‐Cowdin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6121-688X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Van Den Berg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8797-8217","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leslie Bernstein","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1458-7597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042twtr12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Giske Ursin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0835-9507","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Cancer Etiology, Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, California; Departments of 2Preventive Medicine and 3Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, Univers...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/044ybef51"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brian E Henderson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roberta McKean-Cowdin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California;"}}],"datePublished":"2008-11-08","abstract":"Background: Multiparity and breast-feeding reduce breast cancer risk, whereas oral contraceptive use may slightly increase breast cancer risk in the general population. However, the effects of these factors in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers are less clear.\n\nMethods: Case patients were 1,469 women from Los Angeles County ages 20 to 49 years with newly diagnosed breast cancer. Control subjects were 444 women without breast cancer, individually matched to a subset of cases on race, age, and neighborhood. BRCA1/2 genes were sequenced in the cases, and odds ratios of breast cancer associated with various reproductive and hormonal factors in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers and noncarriers were estimated using multivariable logistic regression.\n\nResults: Ninety-four women had a deleterious BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation. Number of full-term pregnancies was inversely associated with breast cancer risk regardless of BRCA1/2 mutation status. Longer breast-feeding duration was protective among noncarriers but not among mutation carriers; however, this apparent effect modification was not statistically significant (P = 0.23). Neither oral contraceptive use overall nor the use of low-dose oral contraceptives was associated with an increased risk of breast cancer in any subgroup.\n\nConclusions: Our results suggest that parity protects against breast cancer in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers, whereas breast-feeding does not. Our data suggest no association between oral contraceptive use and breast cancer risk in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers. Further confirmation that currently available low-dose oral contraceptives do not increase breast cancer risk in carriers is important from a public health perspective given the high prevalence of oral contraceptive use in the United States.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention : a Publication of the American  Association for Cancer Research, Cosponsored by the American Society of  Preventive Oncology"}}},"pageStart":"3170","pageEnd":"3178","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-08-0396","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34874938"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-08-0396"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18990759"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34874938"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/n-acetyl-cysteine-for-treatment-of-recurrent-unexplained-pregnancy-loss-receqp6wyeghdpoq4/","name":"N-acetyl cysteine for treatment of recurrent unexplained pregnancy loss","headline":"N-acetyl cysteine for treatment of recurrent unexplained pregnancy loss","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/n-acetyl-cysteine-for-treatment-of-recurrent-unexplained-pregnancy-loss-receqp6wyeghdpoq4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ahmed Amin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6345-6249","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Assiut University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01jaj8n65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Omar M Shaaban","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6714-2087","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Assiut University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01jaj8n65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mohamed A Bediawy","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Assiut University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01jaj8n65"}}],"datePublished":"2008-11-06","abstract":"Pregnancy could be associated with a state of oxidative stress that could initiate and propagate a cascade of changes that may lead to pregnancy wastage. This process of oxidative stress may be suppressed by the antioxidant effect of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC). The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of NAC therapy in patients diagnosed with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). The study was a prospective controlled study performed in the Women's Health Centre, Assiut University, Egypt. A group of 80 patients with history of recurrent unexplained pregnancy loss were treated with NAC 0.6 g + folic acid 500 microg/day and compared with an aged-matched group of 86 patients treated with folic acid 500 microg/day alone. NAC + folic acid compared with folic acid alone caused a significantly increased rate of continuation of a living pregnancy up to and beyond 20 weeks [P < 0.002, relative risk (RR) 2.9, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.5-5.6]. NAC + folic acid was associated with a significant increase in the take-home baby rate as compared with folic acid alone (P < 0.047, RR 1.98, 95% CI 1.3-4.0). In conclusion, NAC is a well-tolerated drug that could be a potentially effective treatment in patients with unexplained RPL.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproductive Biomedicine Online"}}},"pageStart":"722","pageEnd":"726","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s1472-6483(10)60322-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46265141"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s1472-6483(10)60322-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18983759"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46265141"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/long-term-oral-contraceptive-use-is-an-independent-risk-factor-for-arterial-stiffening-rec2fkuxct0asegij/","name":"Abstract 3002: Long Term Oral Contraceptive Use is an Independent Risk Factor for Arterial Stiffening","headline":"Abstract 3002: Long Term Oral Contraceptive Use is an Independent Risk Factor for Arterial Stiffening","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/long-term-oral-contraceptive-use-is-an-independent-risk-factor-for-arterial-stiffening-rec2fkuxct0asegij/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ernst Rietzschel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8422-177X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ghent Univ, Gent, Belgium","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cv9y106"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Buyzere MD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marc De Buyzere","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1277-1083","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ghent Univ, Gent, Belgium; On Behalf of the Asklepiosa Investigators"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Segers","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3870-3409","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ghent Univ, Gent, Belgium","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cv9y106"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sofie Bekaert","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5716-4896","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ghent Univ, Gent, Belgium","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cv9y106"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bacquer DD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dirk De Bacquer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3202-7238","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ghent Univ, Gent, Belgium; On Behalf of the Asklepiosa Investigators"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Backer GD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Guy De Backer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1660-1623","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ghent University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cv9y106"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thierry Gillebert","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3832-919X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ghent University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cv9y106"}}],"datePublished":"2008-10-28","abstract":"Oral contraceptives (OC) are among the most frequently used drugs in the world with approximately 100 million women worldwide taking OC. In contrast to the active controversy surrounding hormone replacement therapy, little attention has been focused on OC, a drug therapy taken by far more women for far longer time periods. We describe the population effects of current and long-term OC exposure on a prognostically well validated marker of arterial stiffness: carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV). The Asklepios study is a representative sample (2524 apparently healthy M/F volunteers, aged 35–55 years, 1301 women) from the Belgian general population, free from overt cardiovascular disease. The subjects were extensively screened (biochemistry, lifestyle, cardiac and vascular echography, arterial tonometry). PWV was measured from flow patterns registered by Doppler echography in the femoral and carotid arteries. Of 1301 women (median age 45.7 y), 27.4% were actively taking OC. In contrast past use of OC is far more prevalent with 81% of women having taken OC for at least 1 year. The median duration of exposition in these women was 13 years. Age-adjusted PWV was higher in women currently taking OC: 6.75 versus 6.55 m/s (difference 0.19 ± 0.09 m/s; p = 0.034). However, current OC users also had higher blood pressures (BP): systolic BP (+4.4 ± 0.9 mmHg; p < 0.001), diastolic BP (+2.3 ± 0.6 mmHg; p < 0.001). After adjustement for BP, the difference in PWV between current OC users and non-users became non-significant: 6.60 versus 6.62 m/s (difference 0.02 ± 0.09 m/s; p = 0.814). In contrast, duration of OC use is a significant determinant of PWV, even after adjustement for age, BP, lipid levels, body size, heart rate, drug therapy (lipid-lowering, antihypertensive), glycemic status and smoking: F = 6.1; p = 0.013. Per 10 years of OC exposure PWV increased by 0.1 m/s (0.02– 0.18; p = 0.013). Use of OC is associated with increased vascular stiffness in women. Current use is associated with increased PWV because OC’s increase blood pressure, long-term use (probably through structural remodelling of the vessels) is an independent determinant of PWV, increasing PWV by 0.10 m/s per 10 years exposure.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"118","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"suppl_18","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Circulation"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1161/circ.118.suppl_18.S_803-d","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1161/circ.118.suppl_18.S_803-d"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/epidemiology-of-crohns-disease-in-québec-canada-recojpcexcrva1hhi/","name":"Epidemiology of Crohn's disease in Québec, Canada","headline":"Epidemiology of Crohn's disease in Québec, Canada","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/epidemiology-of-crohns-disease-in-québec-canada-recojpcexcrva1hhi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lowe AM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pierre-Olivier Roy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2055-6611","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université de Montréal","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0161xgx34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roy PO"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alain Bitton","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7214-1978","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04cpxjv19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paul Brassard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7485-2546","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université de Montréal","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0161xgx34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michel B-Poulin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0080-3850","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Public Health Agency of Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/023xf2a37"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anne-Marie Lowe","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université de Montréal","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0161xgx34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pascal Michel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4416-7809","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Public Health Agency of Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/023xf2a37"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laurie St-Onge","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université de Montréal","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0161xgx34"}}],"datePublished":"2008-10-24","abstract":"Background: Crohn's disease (CD) is an idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We aimed to determine the prevalence and incidence of CD in Québec and characterize the demographic and health-related factors associated with this disease.\n\nMethods: We identified CD cases in the provincial administrative databases for the years 1993-2002. The CD prevalence and incidence rates were estimated respectively for the periods 1993-2002 and 1998-2000. We validated the identified cases using clinically confirmed IBD cases. Predictor variables of CD were analyzed using the Poisson regression model to explain the variation in CD incidence rates across Québec.\n\nResults: In all, 21,172 patients fulfilled the CD case definition for the period. The age and sex standardized average prevalence rate for 1993-2002 was 189.7 cases / 100,000 population and the age and sex standardized incidence rate of CD for the 1998-2000 period was 20.2 cases / 100,000 person-years. The female/male cases ratio among incident cases was 0.74 for the 0-14-year-old group, 1.30 for the 15-64-year-old group, and 1.77 for the cases older than 65 years old. After adjustment, independent predictors of CD incidence were: incidence of 5 reportable enteric diseases, proportion of individuals of Jewish ethnicity, and proportion of immigrant people.\n\nConclusions: The identified predictors of CD explained 20% of the regional variance in the incidence rate of CD in the Québec population. Other factors such as genetic susceptibility to CD or the effect of an environmental cause should be taken into consideration in the models to explain the residual variance.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Inflammatory Bowel Diseases"}}},"pageStart":"429","pageEnd":"435","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/ibd.20756","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51677583"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/ibd.20756"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18942744"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q51677583"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-change-in-bmd-and-fragility-fracture-in-women-and-men-recicffeegy0kmeqt/","name":"Association between change in BMD and fragility fracture in women and men","headline":"Association between change in BMD and fragility fracture in women and men","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-change-in-bmd-and-fragility-fracture-in-women-and-men-recicffeegy0kmeqt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudie Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5499-2661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa Langsetmo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2245-1657","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Hanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert G Josse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-6264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nancy Kreiger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alan Tenenhouse","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Shawn Davison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8123-7680","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lawrence Joseph","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3321-0587","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}}],"datePublished":"2008-10-14","abstract":"Our objective was to estimate the relationship between longitudinal change in BMD and fragility fractures. We studied 3635 women and 1417 men 50-85 yr of age in the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study who had at least two BMD measurements (lumbar spine, femoral neck, total hip, and trochanter) within the first 5 yr of the study and fragility fractures (any, main, forearm/wrist, ribs, hip) within the first 7 yr. Multiple logistic regression was used to model the relationship between baseline BMD, BMD change, and fragility fractures. We found that, among nonusers of antiresorptives, independent of baseline BMD, a decrease of 0.01 g/cm(2)/yr in total hip BMD was associated with an increased risk of fragility fracture with ORs of 1.15 (95% CI: 1.01; 1.32) in women and 1.34 (95% CI: 1.02; 1.78) in men. The risk of fragility fractures in subgroups such as fast losers and those with osteopenia was better estimated by models that included BMD change than by models that included baseline BMD but excluded BMD change. Although the association between baseline BMD and fragility fractures was similar in users and nonusers of antiresorptives, the association was stronger in nonusers compared with users. These results show that BMD change in both men and women is an independent risk factor for fragility fractures and also predicts fracture risk in those with osteopenia. The results suggest that BMD change should be included with other variables in a comprehensive fracture prediction model to capture its contribution to osteoporotic fracture risk.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Bone and Mineral Research : the Official Journal of the American  Society for Bone and Mineral Research"}}},"pageStart":"361","pageEnd":"370","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1359/jbmr.081004","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37407777"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1359/jbmr.081004"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18847328"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37407777"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/serious-and-deadly-complications-from-pregnancy-after-endometrial-ablation-two-c-zxuqpujf/","name":"Serious and deadly complications from pregnancy after endometrial ablation: two case reports and review of the literature","headline":"Serious and deadly complications from pregnancy after endometrial ablation: two case reports and review of the literature","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/serious-and-deadly-complications-from-pregnancy-after-endometrial-ablation-two-c-zxuqpujf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Laberge PY"}],"datePublished":"2008-10-01","abstract":"Endometrial ablation (EA) has been performed for the past two decades as an alternative to hysterectomy in women with dysfunctional-uterine bleeding unresponsive to medical treatment. However, unlike hysterectomy, this minimally invasive procedure is not an effective means of contraception. Pregnancy following EA has been reported, but the risks and complications related have not been emphasized. This is a report on two such cases and review of the literature, with a closer look at the frequent negative outcome. A 25-year-old woman underwent EA for dysfunctional-uterine bleeding unresponsive to medical treatment. She had no previous surgery, specifically she had no past myomectomy or caesarean section. She declined concomitant tubal ligation. She became pregnant five years later in early spring 2007 and sustained a large uterine rupture at 24 weeks and died in June 2007 secondary to massive internal bleeding at age 29. A 34-year-old woman with previous hysteroscopic EA became pregnant less than one year after surgery. At that time, she had refused concomitant tubal sterilization since her husband had a vasectomy. Unfortunately, the relationship ended soon after surgery and she had unprotected sexual intercourse with a new partner. Pregnancy termination was complicated by placenta increta, which required immediate abdominal hysterectomy. Pregnancy after EA is not a rare occurrence, regardless of which technique is used. Whether women choose to go on or terminate their pregnancy, this clinical situation can be associated with serious complications and even maternal death. Counselling about contraceptive options at the time of EA is paramount.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"37","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal de gynecologie, obstetrique et biologie de la reproduction"}}},"pageStart":"609","pageEnd":"13","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgyn.2008.05.006","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37207709"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jgyn.2008.05.006"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18602767"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37207709"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/japanesestyle-acupuncture-for-endometriosisrelated-pelvic-pain-in-adolescents-an-kmljdvjb/","name":"Japanese-style acupuncture for endometriosis-related pelvic pain in adolescents and young women: results of a randomized sham-controlled trial","headline":"Japanese-style acupuncture for endometriosis-related pelvic pain in adolescents and young women: results of a randomized sham-controlled trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/japanesestyle-acupuncture-for-endometriosisrelated-pelvic-pain-in-adolescents-an-kmljdvjb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Wayne PM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kerr CE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Schnyer RN"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Legedza AT"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Savetsky-German J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shields MH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Julie E Buring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2648-8692","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Davis RB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Conboy LA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Highfield E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Parton B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marc R Laufer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6295-987X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}}],"datePublished":"2008-10-01","abstract":"STUDY OBJECTIVE: To assess feasibility, and collect preliminary data for a subsequent randomized, sham-controlled trial to evaluate Japanese-style acupuncture for reducing chronic pelvic pain and improving health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in adolescents with endometriosis.\n\nDESIGN: Randomized, sham-controlled trial.\n\nSETTINGS: Tertiary-referral hospital.\n\nPARTICIPANTS: Eighteen young women (13-22y) with laparoscopically-diagnosed endometriosis-related chronic pelvic pain.\n\nINTERVENTIONS: A Japanese style of acupuncture and a sham acupuncture control. Sixteen treatments were administered over 8 weeks.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Protocol feasibility, recruitment numbers, pain not associated with menses or intercourse, and multiple HRQOL instruments including Endometriosis Health Profile, Pediatric Quality of Life, Perceived Stress, and Activity Limitation.\n\nRESULTS: Fourteen participants (out of 18 randomized) completed the study per protocol. Participants in the active acupuncture group (n = 9) experienced an average 4.8 (SD = 2.4) point reduction on a 11 point scale (62%) in pain after 4 weeks, which differed significantly from the control group's (n = 5) average reduction of 1.4 (SD = 2.1) points (P = 0.004). Reduction in pain in the active group persisted through a 6-month assessment; however, after 4 weeks, differences between the active and control group decreased and were not statistically significant. All HRQOL measures indicated greater improvements in the active acupuncture group compared to the control; however, the majority of these trends were not statistically significant. No serious adverse events were reported.\n\nCONCLUSION: Preliminary estimates indicate that Japanese-style acupuncture may be an effective, safe, and well-tolerated adjunct therapy for endometriosis-related pelvic pain in adolescents. A more definitive trial evaluating Japanese-style acupuncture in this population is both feasible and warranted.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of pediatric and adolescent gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"247","pageEnd":"57","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpag.2007.07.008","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37029393"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jpag.2007.07.008"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18794019"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37029393"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-impact-of-incident-fractures-on-health-related-quality-of-life-5-years-of-da-recw38bmosdjkjado/","name":"The impact of incident fractures on health-related quality of life: 5 years of  data from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study","headline":"The impact of incident fractures on health-related quality of life: 5 years of  data from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-impact-of-incident-fractures-on-health-related-quality-of-life-5-years-of-da-recw38bmosdjkjado/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"for the CaMos Study Group","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hamilton Health Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02dqdxm48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandra Papaioannou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9412-0932","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C C Kennedy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2747-3268"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Ioannidis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6956-5737","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W M Hopman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3162-8754","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kingston General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03zq81960"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A M Sawka","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4152-5578","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton","sameAs":"https://ror.org/009z39p97"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tassos Anastassiades","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5805-0364","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M. Papadimitropoulos","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alan Tenenhouse","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"CaMos Study Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1406-4251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Pickard","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Joseph's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02cmyty27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert G Josse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-6264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Kaiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4947-4571","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W P Olszynski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2834-8645","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Saskatchewan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63"}}],"datePublished":"2008-09-20","abstract":"Using prospective data from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos), we compared health utilities index (HUI) scores after 5 years of follow-up among participants (50 years and older) with and without incident clinical fractures. Incident fractures had a negative impact on HUI scores over time.\nIntroduction: This study examined change in health-related quality of life (HRQL) in those with and without incident clinical fractures as measured by the HUI.\n\nMethods: The study cohort was 4,820 women and 1,783 men (50 years and older) from the CaMos. The HUI was administered at baseline and year 5. Participants were sub-divided into incident fracture groups (hip, rib, spine, forearm, pelvis, other) and were compared with those without these fractures. The effects of both time and fracture type on HUI scores were examined in multivariable regression analyses.\n\nResults: Men and women with hip fractures, compared to those without, had lower HUI measures that ranged from -0.05 to -0.25. Both women and men with spine fractures had significant deficits on the pain attributes (-0.07 to -0.12). In women, self-care (-0.06), mobility and ambulation (-0.05) were also negatively impacted. Women with rib fractures had deficits similar to women with spine fractures, and these effects persisted over time. In men, rib fractures did not significantly affect HUI scores. Pelvic and forearm fractures did not substantially influence HUI scores.\n\nConclusion: The HUI was a sensitive measure of HRQL change over time. These results will inform economic analyses evaluating osteoporosis therapies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"20","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Osteoporosis International : a Journal Established As Result of Cooperation  Between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis  Foundation of the USA"}}},"pageStart":"703","pageEnd":"714","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-008-0743-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33370557"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00198-008-0743-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18802659"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33370557"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/early-age-at-first-childbirth-associated-with-advanced-tumor-grade-in-breast-can-recmv7r90snzeczv0/","name":"Early age at first childbirth associated with advanced tumor grade in breast  cancer","headline":"Early age at first childbirth associated with advanced tumor grade in breast  cancer","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/early-age-at-first-childbirth-associated-with-advanced-tumor-grade-in-breast-can-recmv7r90snzeczv0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Carmela Veneroso","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The George Washington University School of Public Health and Health Services, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 2300 Eye Street, N.W., Ross Hall 118, Washington, DC 20037, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert W. Siegel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0833-5580","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Washington University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036c27j91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paul H Levine","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"George Washington University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00y4zzh67"}}],"datePublished":"2008-09-16","abstract":"Background: Many studies have investigated risk factors for developing breast cancer, but few have explored whether these risk factors are associated with the aggressiveness of the tumor. This case-case study examined the relationship between risk factors for breast cancer and the histological grade of the tumor at diagnosis, an important indicator of breast cancer aggressiveness.\n\nMethods: We interviewed 215 breast cancer patients and obtained information on their demographics, reproductive history and hormone use. Grade of tumor was obtained from a review of the patients' pathological reports. The relationships between tumor aggressiveness (classified by tumor grade) and risk factors of interest were analyzed using multi-variable logistic regression. Maximum likelihood estimates of the odds ratio were obtained and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated.\n\nResults: In multivariable analyses we found that when comparing women who had their first child before age 20 with those who had their first child age 20 and older, women who had their first child before age 20 had approximately a 3.2 increased odds of having a higher-grade tumor (OR=3.20; 95% CI=1.20, 8.49). Long-term use of oral contraceptives, measured in years of oral contraceptive use, was also positively associated with a higher-grade tumor (OR=1.12; 95% CI=1.03-1.23). In addition we found that younger age at diagnosis was a strong predictor of a higher-grade tumor, with a 4% increased odds of having a higher-grade tumor for each year younger (OR=0.96; 95% CI=0.93-0.995).\n\nConclusions: Early age at first birth, long-term use of oral contraceptives, and younger age at diagnosis were associated with advanced tumor grade.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cancer Detection and Prevention"}}},"pageStart":"215","pageEnd":"223","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cdp.2008.04.001","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81961587"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.cdp.2008.04.001"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18789610"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q81961587"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effects-of-depot-medroxyprogesterone-acetate-and-intrauterine-device-use-on-fracture-risk-in-danish-women-rec5pel9tbbtdvgy3/","name":"The effects of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate and intrauterine device use on fracture risk in Danish women","headline":"The effects of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate and intrauterine device use on fracture risk in Danish women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effects-of-depot-medroxyprogesterone-acetate-and-intrauterine-device-use-on-fracture-risk-in-danish-women-rec5pel9tbbtdvgy3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Peter Vestergaard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9046-2967","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aarhus University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040r8fr65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lars Rejnmark","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2152-4247","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aarhus University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040r8fr65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leif Mosekilde","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7607-4677","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aarhus University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040r8fr65"}}],"datePublished":"2008-09-10","abstract":"Background: Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) use may be associated with an increased risk of fractures; however, nothing is known about the risk associated with intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD) use.\n\nStudy design: Case-control study. All women with a fracture (n=64,548) in the year 2000 in Denmark served as cases. For each case, three age-matched controls were randomly drawn from the general population (n=193,641). Exposure was present or previous DMPA or IUD use (only IUD coated with hormones, not those coated solely with copper). Adjustments were made for confounders.\n\nResults: DMPA use seemed to be associated with an increased risk of fractures [odds ratio (OR)=1.44, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01-2.06], while IUD use appeared to be associated with a decreased risk of fractures (OR=0.75, 95% CI: 0.64-0.87).\n\nConclusion: DMPA use may cause an increased risk of fracture. However, the fact that use of DMPA is rare in Danish women and the lack of baseline data including smoking status and BMI does not allow causal inferences to be made. Likewise, the seemingly decreased risk of fractures with IUD use is probably not a pharmacological effect but rather the effect of residual confounding related to nonincluded confounders regarding lifestyle.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"78","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"459","pageEnd":"464","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2008.07.014","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46241865"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.contraception.2008.07.014"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19014791"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46241865"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/outcomes-from-treatment-of-infertility-with-natural-procreative-technology-in-an-recj7cwubt4vlyfjl/","name":"Outcomes from treatment of infertility with natural procreative technology in an  Irish general practice","headline":"Outcomes from treatment of infertility with natural procreative technology in an  Irish general practice","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/outcomes-from-treatment-of-infertility-with-natural-procreative-technology-in-an-recj7cwubt4vlyfjl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Phil C Boyle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2555-6294","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NeoFertility Clinic, Suite 7, 1st Floor, Beacon Mall, Sandyford, Dublin 18, Ireland. Phil.Boyle@NeoFertility.ie."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tracey A Parnell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4226-1582","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2008-09-06","abstract":"Objectives: We evaluated outcomes in couples treated for infertility with natural procreative technology (NaProTechnology [corrected] NPT), a systematic medical approach for optimizing physiologic conditions for conception in vivo, from an Irish general practice.\n\nMethods: All couples receiving treatment from 2 NPT-trained family physicians between February 1998 and January 2002 were studied. The main outcome was live birth, and secondary outcomes included conceptions and multiple births. Crude proportions and adjusted life-table proportions were calculated per 100 couples.\n\nResults: A total of 1239 couples had an initial consult for NPT, of which 1072 had been trying for at least a year to conceive and initiated treatment. The average female age was 35.8 years, the mean duration of attempting to conceive was 5.6 years, 24% had a prior birth, and 33% had previously attempted treatment with assisted reproductive technology (ART). All couples were taught to identify the fertile days of the menstrual cycle with the Creighton Model FertilityCare System, and most received additional medical treatment, including clomiphene (75%). In life-table analysis, the cumulative proportion of first live births for those completing up to 24 months of NPT treatment was 52.8 per 100 couples. The crude proportion was 25.5. Younger couples and couples without previous ART attempts had higher rates of live birth. Among live births, there were 4.6% twin births.\n\nConclusion: NPT provided by trained general practitioners had live birth rates comparable to cohort studies of more invasive treatments, including ART. Further studies are warranted to compare NPT directly to other treatments.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine : JABFM"}}},"pageStart":"375","pageEnd":"384","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3122/jabfm.2008.05.070239","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28293017"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3122/jabfm.2008.05.070239"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18772291"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28293017"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diagnosis-and-treatment-of-unexplained-infertility-rec8r4e7nh1e6cl1m/","name":"Diagnosis and treatment of unexplained infertility","headline":"Diagnosis and treatment of unexplained infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diagnosis-and-treatment-of-unexplained-infertility-rec8r4e7nh1e6cl1m/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Anuja Dokras","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1085-3969","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pennsylvania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexander Quaas"}],"datePublished":"2008-09-05","abstract":"Over the past decade, significant advances have occurred in the diagnosis and treatment of reproductive disorders. In this review, we discuss the routine testing performed to diagnose unexplained infertility. We also discuss additional testing, such as assessment of ovarian reserve, and the potential role of laparoscopy in the complete workup of unexplained infertility. Finally, we outline the available therapeutic options and discuss the efficacy and the cost-effectiveness of the existing treatment modalities. The optimal treatment strategy needs to be based on individual patient characteristics such as age, treatment efficacy, side-effect profile, and cost considerations.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reviews in Obstetrics & Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"69","pageEnd":"76","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37260322","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18769664"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37260322"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fracture-risk-in-very-young-women-using-combined-oral-contraceptives-recitgmslyxnzptwe/","name":"Fracture risk in very young women using combined oral contraceptives","headline":"Fracture risk in very young women using combined oral contraceptives","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fracture-risk-in-very-young-women-using-combined-oral-contraceptives-recitgmslyxnzptwe/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Peter Vestergaard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9046-2967","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aarhus University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040r8fr65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lars Rejnmark","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2152-4247","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aarhus University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040r8fr65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leif Mosekilde","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7607-4677","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aarhus University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040r8fr65"}}],"datePublished":"2008-08-08","abstract":"Background: Little is known on fracture risk in young women using oral contraceptives.\n\nStudy Design: Case-control study (64,548 cases, 193,641 controls).\n\nResults: Overall, no major association with risk of fracture was present. Only in a few age groups a limited increase (OR 1.1-1.5) was seen in those using low average doses (less than one tablet per day - i.e., intermittent use). Neither 20 nor >or=30 mcg per day of ethinylestradiol was associated with risk of fractures, while changing from 20 to >or=30 mcg per day or vice versa was associated with a limited increase in fracture risk (OR 1.1-1.4) in some age groups.\n\nConclusions: In general, use of oral contraceptives in young women did not seem to be associated with an increased risk of fractures. The isolated increase seen in some strata with low average doses may be linked to factors associated with discontinuation of oral contraceptives rather than pharmacological effects.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"78","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"358","pageEnd":"364","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2008.06.010","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46311084"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.contraception.2008.06.010"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18929731"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46311084"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-risk-of-oral-contraceptives-in-the-etiology-of-inflammatory-bowel-disease-a--recfttot5albs9ndm/","name":"The risk of oral contraceptives in the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease: a  meta-analysis","headline":"The risk of oral contraceptives in the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease: a  meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-risk-of-oral-contraceptives-in-the-etiology-of-inflammatory-bowel-disease-a--recfttot5albs9ndm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Julie Cornish","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4360-4472","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Imperial College London","sameAs":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emile Tan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4895-6851"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Constantinos Simillis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8864-4350"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarah Clark","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Mark's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05am5g719"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Julian Teare","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3551-9139","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Mary’s Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/041j39g66"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paris P Tekkis"}],"datePublished":"2008-08-08","abstract":"Objectives: Several environmental and genetic factors have been implicated to date in the development of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). The aim of this study was to provide a quantification of the risk of oral contraceptive pill (OCP) use in the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease.\n\nMethods: A literature search was performed to identify comparative studies reporting on the association of oral contraceptive use in the etiology of UC and CD between 1983 and 2007. A random-effect meta-analysis was used to compare the incidence of UC or CD between the patients exposed to the OCP and nonexposed patients. The results were adjusted for smoking.\n\nResults: A total of 75,815 patients were reported on by 14 studies, with 36,797 exposed to OCP and 39,018 nonexposed women. The pooled relative risk (RR) for CD for women currently taking the OCP was 1.51 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.17-1.96, P= 0.002), and 1.46 (95% CI 1.26-1.70, P < 0.001), adjusted for smoking. The RR for UC in women currently taking the OCP was 1.53 (95% CI 1.21-1.94, P= 0.001), and 1.28 (95% CI 1.06-1.54, P= 0.011), adjusted for smoking. The RR for CD increased with the length of exposure to OCP. Moreover, although the RR did not reduce once the OCP was stopped, it was no longer significant once the OCP was stopped (CI contains 1), both for CD and for UC.\n\nConclusions: This study provides evidence of an association between the use of oral contraceptive agents and development of IBD, in particular CD. The study also suggests that the risk for patients who stop using the OCP reverts to that of the nonexposed population.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"103","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The American Journal of Gastroenterology"}}},"pageStart":"2394","pageEnd":"2400","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.2008.02064.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81750356"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1572-0241.2008.02064.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18684177"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q81750356"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/iud-ineffective-for-treating-menorrhagia-study-results-rec0hu3x3if2kbm9f/","name":"No justification for using IUD to treat menorrhagia","headline":"No justification for using IUD to treat menorrhagia","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/iud-ineffective-for-treating-menorrhagia-study-results-rec0hu3x3if2kbm9f/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathleen Mary Raviele","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2062-8041","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dekalb Medical Tucker, Georgia, USA"}}],"datePublished":"2008-08-01","abstract":"This article questions the conclusions drawn by the author of \"The Mirena® Levonorgestrel-releasing Intrauterine System and Its Application to the Treatment of Menorrhagia: A Moral Opinion\" (Linacre Quarterly 75 [2008]: 60–70), i.e., that it is justified to use this intrauterine device to treat heavy periods of unknown etiology by the principle of double effect.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"75","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"177","pageEnd":"178","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1179/002436308803889530","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1179/002436308803889530"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/protecting-the-right-of-informed-conscience-in-reproductive-medicine-recck24xm54qayj1x/","name":"Protecting the right of informed conscience in reproductive medicine","headline":"Protecting the right of informed conscience in reproductive medicine","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/protecting-the-right-of-informed-conscience-in-reproductive-medicine-recck24xm54qayj1x/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Renee Mirkes","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontifical John Paul II Institute for Studies on Marriage and Family","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xphj289"}}],"datePublished":"2008-07-30","abstract":"This essay sets down three directives for conscientiously objecting clinicians-physicians, particularly obstetrician/gynecologists, trained in NaProTechnology by the Pope Paul VI Institute and Creighton University School of Medicine and any medical professionals who share their natural law vision of reproductive health care-to protect their right to well-formed conscientious objection in reproductive medicine. Directive one: understand the nature of a well-formed conscience and its rightful exercise. Directive two: fulfill all reasonable American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists' requirements for conscientious refusal. Directive three: execute a political strategy to protect health-care conscience rights.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"33","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Medicine and Philosophy"}}},"pageStart":"374","pageEnd":"393","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/jmp/jhn016","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54715403"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/jmp/jhn016"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18662951"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q54715403"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/intact-ectopic-pregnancy-found-at-laparoscopic-salpingectomy-recxh1rm5gxvhrpwf/","name":"Intact ectopic pregnancy found at laparoscopic salpingectomy","headline":"Intact ectopic pregnancy found at laparoscopic salpingectomy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/intact-ectopic-pregnancy-found-at-laparoscopic-salpingectomy-recxh1rm5gxvhrpwf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Resad Pasic","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8470-1960","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Louisville","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ckdn478"}}],"datePublished":"2008-07-08","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"393","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2008.03.013","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81582377"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jmig.2008.03.013"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18602042"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q81582377"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-may-increase-clinical-mutation-detection-in-mal-pekwjoek/","name":"Assisted reproductive technology may increase clinical mutation detection in male offspring","headline":"Assisted reproductive technology may increase clinical mutation detection in male offspring","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-may-increase-clinical-mutation-detection-in-mal-pekwjoek/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Chun Feng","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3753-4634","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059cjpv64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wang LQ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dong MY"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Huang HF"}],"datePublished":"2008-07-01","abstract":"Objective: To investigate the risks of chromosome mutation after ART for couples with comparable genetic backgrounds.\n\nDesign: Prospective clinical observational study.\n\nSetting: In vitro fertilization center at a tertiary-care, university-affiliated teaching hospital.Patient(s)Ninety-seven male children whose fathers have normal spermatogenesis were recruited, including 19 babies conceived through IVF, 18 babies conceived through intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), and 60 naturally conceived babies, as well as the babies' fathers.Intervention(s)Collection of peripheral and umbilical cord blood samples.Main outcome measure(s)The Yq genetic status of the babies and fathers according to 13 Y-specific markers covering four azoospermia factor (AZF) subregions, the karyotype, and the neonatal examination.Result(s)We found that all children had a normal 46, XY karyotype, but de novo Y-chromosome microdeletions were identified in 1 (5.3%) of 19 IVF offspring and in 3 (16.7%) of 18 ICSI offspring. The incidence of de novo Y-chromosome microdeletion in male children conceived through ICSI or IVF was statistically significantly higher than that in those conceived naturally (10.8% vs. 0). In four babies with microdeletion, one was complicated, with hypospadias.Conclusion(s)Our results, for the first time, indicate that risks of gene mutation may increase in the ART offspring, even though their fathers have normal spermatogenesis and genetic background. Hence, intense attention should be placed on genetic safety in the ART children, and the benefits and risks of adopting ART should be balanced gingerly.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"90","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"92","pageEnd":"96","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.06.004","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54547593"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.06.004"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q54547593"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/geographic-variation-of-bone-mineral-density-and-selected-risk-factors-for-predi-recxjwnfnx5m3rz7l/","name":"Geographic variation of bone mineral density and selected risk factors for prediction of incident fracture among Canadians 50 and older","headline":"Geographic variation of bone mineral density and selected risk factors for prediction of incident fracture among Canadians 50 and older","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/geographic-variation-of-bone-mineral-density-and-selected-risk-factors-for-predi-recxjwnfnx5m3rz7l/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa Langsetmo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2245-1657","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nancy Kreiger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher S Kovacs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5219-9993","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John’s, NL, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04haebc03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tassos Anastassiades","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5805-0364","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alan Tenenhouse","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Hanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Shawn Davison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8123-7680","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sophie A Jamal","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}}],"datePublished":"2008-07-01","abstract":"Background: Striking geographic variation in the incidence of osteoporotic fracture has been shown in national and international studies. The contributing risk factors for this variation are not fully understood.\n\nObjective: To determine the geographic variation of bone mineral density (BMD) values, prevalent low-trauma fracture, prior falls, and vertebral deformity and to determine how this variation is related to the geographic variation of incident low-trauma fracture.\n\nMethods: We studied incident fracture among 2484 men and 6093 women ages 50 and older from CaMos, a randomly-selected population-based longitudinal cohort recruited from within 50 kilometers of nine cities across Canada. Analyses included up to an eight-year follow-up.\n\nResults: Estimates of fracture incidence are all age-standardized and given per 1000 person-years and CI denotes confidence interval. Among men, the lowest incidence of low-trauma fracture was 3.2 (95% CI: 1.1-7.5) in Quebec and the highest was 11.9 (95% CI: 7.1-18.6) in Calgary, compared with an overall incidence of 7.2 (95% CI: 5.8-8.7). Among women, the lowest incidence of low-trauma fracture was 11.5 (95% CI: 8.5-15.1) in Halifax and the highest was 18.5 (95% CI: 14.6-23.3) in Calgary, compared with an overall incidence of 15.3 (95% CI: 14.1-16.7). The regional variation in low-trauma fractures was similar to variation in hip fracture incidence among women (Pearson correlation, r=0.46 to 0.76) but not men (r=-0.06 to 0.05). We noted significant geographic variation in the prevalence of low BMD, as defined by BMD T-score< or =-2.5, however this variation was not directly related to low-trauma fractures or other risk factors. Furthermore, a model including age, BMD, falls, vertebral deformity, and prior clinical fracture was a good predictor of geographic variation of low-trauma fracture incidence in both men (r=0.66) and women (r=0.84).\n\nConclusions: For both men and women, the burden of low-trauma fracture is not related to the prevalence of osteoporosis as defined by BMD, but is related to a more comprehensive assessment of fracture risk including the following: age, BMD, falls, prior fracture, and vertebral deformity.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"43","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Bone"}}},"pageStart":"672","pageEnd":"678","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2008.06.009","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37401844"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.bone.2008.06.009"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18640295"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37401844"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effectiveness-of-antiresorptives-for-the-prevention-of-nonvertebral-low-trauma-f-reckgnayikhpj4dhw/","name":"Effectiveness of antiresorptives for the prevention of nonvertebral low-trauma  fractures in a population-based cohort of women","headline":"Effectiveness of antiresorptives for the prevention of nonvertebral low-trauma  fractures in a population-based cohort of women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effectiveness-of-antiresorptives-for-the-prevention-of-nonvertebral-low-trauma-f-reckgnayikhpj4dhw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa Langsetmo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2245-1657","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Suzanne N Morin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4317-492X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Brent Richards","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0372-5256","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert G Josse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-6264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"*CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Shawn Davison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8123-7680","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L A Langsetmo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4098-1363","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"CaMos National Coordinating Centre, Montreal, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W P Olszynski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2834-8645","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Saskatchewan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63"}}],"datePublished":"2008-06-27","abstract":"Observational studies are needed to quantify real-life effectiveness of antiresorptive therapy in the prevention of clinical fractures. Antiresorptive therapies were associated with an overall 32% reduction in low-trauma nonvertebral fracture risk among women 50 and older. Effectiveness may be lower among older women and those without risk factors.\nIntroduction: Randomized controlled trials have shown that antiresorptive therapies reduce the risk of fracture in selected populations, but further study is needed to quantify their real-life effectiveness. The study objective was to determine the association between antiresorptive use and low-trauma nonvertebral fracture in women 50 and older.\n\nMethods: The design was a retrospective nested case-control study (density-based sampling) within the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study. There were 5,979 eligible women with 453 cases and 1,304 matched controls.\n\nResults: The current use of antiresorptives was associated with a decreased risk of fracture with OR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.52-0.91; where OR is the adjusted odds ratio and CI is the confidence interval. Subgroup analysis yielded OR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.42-0.89 for ages 50-74; OR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.50-1.17 for ages 75+; OR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.40-0.83 for those with a major risk factor; and OR = 0.92; 95% CI: 0.59-1.42 for those without a major risk factor. Major risk factors were prevalent low-trauma fracture, vertebral deformity (grade 2+), and BMD T-score < or = -2.5.\n\nConclusions: Antiresorptive therapy is associated with a clinically important reduction in low-trauma nonvertebral fracture risk among community-dwelling women aged 50 and older. Antiresorptive therapy may be less effective for women 75 and older and women without major risk factors.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"20","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Osteoporosis International : a Journal Established As Result of Cooperation  Between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis  Foundation of the USA"}}},"pageStart":"283","pageEnd":"290","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-008-0656-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37401847"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00198-008-0656-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18581034"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37401847"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/influence-of-methylenetetrahydrofolate-reductase-gene-polymorphisms-on-homocyste-rectzpillhmbe9laf/","name":"Influence of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphisms on homocysteine concentrations after nitrous oxide anesthesia","headline":"Influence of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphisms on homocysteine concentrations after nitrous oxide anesthesia","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/influence-of-methylenetetrahydrofolate-reductase-gene-polymorphisms-on-homocyste-rectzpillhmbe9laf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Peter Nagele","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8369-3858","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Washington University in St. Louis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael Hüpfl"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Martina Mittlböck"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Manuela Födinger"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hansjörg Burger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1681-7256","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Prince of Wales Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/022arq532"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Caspar Wiener","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical Student."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Barbara Zeugswetter","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical Student."}}],"datePublished":"2008-06-27","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Mutations in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene (677C>T, 1298A>C) cause elevated plasma homocysteine concentrations and have been linked to fatal outcomes after nitrous oxide anesthesia. This study tested the hypothesis that patients with common MTHFR 677C>T or 1298A>C mutations develop higher plasma homocysteine concentrations after nitrous oxide anesthesia than wild-type patients.\n\nMETHODS: In this prospective, observational cohort study with blinded, mendelian randomization, the authors included 140 healthy patients undergoing elective surgery. All patients received 66% nitrous oxide for at least 2 h. The main outcome variable, plasma total homocysteine, and folate, vitamin B12, and holotranscobalamin II were measured before, during, and after surgery. After completion of the study, all patients were tested for their MTHFR 677C>T or 1298A>C genotype.\n\nRESULTS: Patients with a homozygous MTHFR 677C>T or 1298A>C mutation (n = 25) developed higher plasma homocysteine concentrations (median [interquartile range], 14.9 [10.0-26.4] microm) than wild-type or heterozygous patients (9.3 [7.5-15.5] microm; n = 115). The change in homocysteine after nitrous oxide anesthesia was tripled in homozygous patients compared with wild-type (5.6 microm [+60%] vs. 1.8 microm [+22%]). Only homozygous patients reached average homocysteine levels considered abnormal (> 15 microm). Plasma 5-methyl-tetrahydrofolate concentrations increased uniformly by 20% after nitrous oxide anesthesia, indicating the inactivation of methionine synthase and subsequent folate trapping. Holotranscobalamin II concentrations remained unchanged, indicating no effect of nitrous oxide on vitamin B12 plasma concentrations.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: This study shows that patients with a homozygous MTHFR 677C>T or 1298A>C mutation are at a higher risk of developing abnormal plasma homocysteine concentrations after nitrous oxide anesthesia.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"109","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Anesthesiology"}}},"pageStart":"36","pageEnd":"43","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0b013e318178820b","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46518904"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/ALN.0b013e318178820b"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18580170"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46518904"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-menstrual-cycle-a-biological-marker-of-general-health-in-adolescents-recgcgkmzbcyencq1/","name":"The menstrual cycle: a biological marker of general health in adolescents","headline":"The menstrual cycle: a biological marker of general health in adolescents","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-menstrual-cycle-a-biological-marker-of-general-health-in-adolescents-recgcgkmzbcyencq1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Vaishali Popat","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3961-6817","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Health and Human Development (2HD) Research Network","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05asga947"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tamara Prodanov","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3887-5303","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Health and Human Development (2HD) Research Network","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05asga947"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lawrence M Nelson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5009-1156","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Health and Human Development (2HD) Research Network","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05asga947"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karim A Calis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health Clinical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vfsmv21"}}],"datePublished":"2008-06-25","abstract":"Menstruation is the cyclic, orderly sloughing of the uterine lining on account of the interactions of hormones produced by the hypothalamus, pituitary, and ovaries. There is a tendency among parents and clinicians to view oligo-amenorrhea as a normal variant in the teen years. In fact, the 95th percentile for the time interval between cycles is 90 days. Thus, it is abnormal for an adolescent to be amenorrheic for greater than 3 months, even in the early gynecologic years. Identification of abnormal menstrual patterns throughout adolescence may permit early identification of potential health concerns for adulthood. Few problems in gynecologic endocrinology are as complex or challenging to the clinician as amenorrhea. However, thorough evaluation of menstrual cycle disorders in adolescence provides a window of opportunity for early diagnosis and treatment of conditions affecting the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis. Here we discuss a systematic approach to the evaluation and treatment of amenorrhea in adolescents who do not have androgen excess. There is strong evidence that estrogen deficiency is a risk factor for later development of osteoporosis and hip fracture. Delay in the evaluation and treatment of disordered menses in some cases may contribute to reduced bone density. Both patients and clinicians need to view the ovary as an important endocrine organ that helps maintain health, especially bone health.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1135","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"}}},"pageStart":"43","pageEnd":"51","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1429.040","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37198393"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1196/annals.1429.040"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18574207"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37198393"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/extended-somatic-support-for-a-pregnant-woman-with-brain-death-from-metastatic-m-reczh6ve235mr80mc/","name":"Extended somatic support for a pregnant woman with brain death from metastatic  malignant melanoma: a case report","headline":"Extended somatic support for a pregnant woman with brain death from metastatic  malignant melanoma: a case report","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/extended-somatic-support-for-a-pregnant-woman-with-brain-death-from-metastatic-m-reczh6ve235mr80mc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher McManus","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0159-4025","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Virginia Hospital Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04fq6zd17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tchabo JG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean-Gilles Tchabo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Virginia Hospital Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04fq6zd17"}}],"datePublished":"2008-06-24","abstract":"This is the first known case of extended somatic support beyond viability for a pregnant woman with brain death resulting from metastatic malignant melanoma, resulting in a live birth.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Maternal-fetal & Neonatal Medicine : the Official Journal of the  European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania  Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians"}}},"pageStart":"509","pageEnd":"511","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/14767050802086560","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81498832"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/14767050802086560"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18570134"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q81498832"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-luteinized-unruptured-follicle-cycles-on-clinical-outcomes-of-frozen-t-rec5naxby0uuyiuav/","name":"Effect of luteinized unruptured follicle cycles on clinical outcomes of frozen  thawed embryo transfer in Chinese women","headline":"Effect of luteinized unruptured follicle cycles on clinical outcomes of frozen  thawed embryo transfer in Chinese women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-luteinized-unruptured-follicle-cycles-on-clinical-outcomes-of-frozen-t-rec5naxby0uuyiuav/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Liang Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1461-0438"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jie Qiao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2126-1376","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Peking University Third Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04wwqze12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ping Liu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0924-1516","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Peking University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02v51f717"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ying Lian","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3385-6262","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Peking University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02v51f717"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lina Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5690-5365","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wadsworth Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/050kf9c55"}}],"datePublished":"2008-06-21","abstract":"Objective: To determine the effect of luteinized unruptured follicle (LUF) cycles on frozen thawed embryo transfer (FET).\nDesign: A retrospective analysis comparing the clinical outcomes after FET among 144 cases of luteinized unruptured follicle (LUF) cycles and 866 cases of ovulation cycles.\nSetting: Reproductive medical center, Beijing China.\n\nPatients: Chinese infertile women who underwent FET.\n\nInterventions: None.\n\nMain Outcome Measures: Clinical pregnancy rate (PR), implantation rate.\n\nResults: The implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate, on-going pregnancy rate and live birth rate in LUF group were 12.76% (49/384), 27.78% (40/144), 24.31% (35/144) and 19.44% (28/144), respectively, and in ovulation group, 14.74% (332/2251), 31.29% (271/866), 28.29% (245/866) and 22.23% (193/866), respectively (p > 0.05).\n\nConclusions: LUF does not affect the clinical outcomes of FET. Patients of LUF should be included in FET treatment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"25","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics"}}},"pageStart":"229","pageEnd":"233","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-008-9225-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36970190"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s10815-008-9225-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18566885"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36970190"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preoperative-periumbilical-ultrasound-guided-saline-infusion-pugsi-as-a-tool-in--recjxazncf0kisrhd/","name":"Preoperative periumbilical ultrasound-guided saline infusion (PUGSI) as a tool in  predicting obliterating subumbilical adhesions in laparoscopy","headline":"Preoperative periumbilical ultrasound-guided saline infusion (PUGSI) as a tool in  predicting obliterating subumbilical adhesions in laparoscopy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preoperative-periumbilical-ultrasound-guided-saline-infusion-pugsi-as-a-tool-in--recjxazncf0kisrhd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Camran Nezhat","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2360-5147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vadim Morozov","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3337-4984","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Of The West Of Scotland"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nezhat CH","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2307-5374"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jennifer Cho","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1675-6968","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05cb1k848"}}],"datePublished":"2008-06-21","abstract":"Objective: To report the novel technique of periumbilical ultrasound-guided saline infusion (PUGSI).\nDesign: Prospective study of two noninvasive diagnostic tests to detect obliterating subumbilical adhesions.\nSetting: Tertiary care center. PATIENT(S): One hundred fifty patients were included in the study. Patients without risk factors for adhesions were used as a control group (n = 38), whereas the study group had risk factors for intra-abdominal adhesions (n = 112). INTERVENTION(S): Preoperative examination with the visceral slide and the PUGSI. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The presence of obliterating subumbilical adhesions in the high-risk patient and the ability of the PUGSI to detect them preoperatively. RESULT(S): There were no obliterating umbilical adhesions in the control group. The prevalence of obliterating umbilical adhesions in the risk group was 3.6%. The visceral slide test had an accuracy of 96.4%, a sensitivity of 50%, and a specificity of 98.1%, with a negative predictive value of 98.1% and a positive predictive value of 50%. The PUGSI test was able to detect all cases of obliterating subumbilical adhesions, demonstrating sensitivity and specificity of 100%. CONCLUSION(S): The PUGSI test has excellent negative and positive predictive values and is useful in determining patients who have obliterating subumbilical adhesions. Use of both tests preoperatively appears to be helpful in identifying patients at risk for visceral injury during laparoscopic surgery.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"91","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"2714","pageEnd":"2719","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.03.073","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48488990"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.03.073"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18565517"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q48488990"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/change-in-bone-mineral-density-as-a-function-of-age-in-women-and-men-and-associa-recuovpgnb4yfxood/","name":"Change in bone mineral density as a function of age in women and men and  association with the use of antiresorptive agents","headline":"Change in bone mineral density as a function of age in women and men and  association with the use of antiresorptive agents","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/change-in-bone-mineral-density-as-a-function-of-age-in-women-and-men-and-associa-recuovpgnb4yfxood/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudie Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5499-2661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa Langsetmo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2245-1657","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lawrence Joseph","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3321-0587","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Hanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Davison K.S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Shawn Davison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8123-7680","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nancy Kreiger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Krieger N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Goltzman D and the CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"and the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert G Josse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-6264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alan Tenenhouse","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}}],"datePublished":"2008-06-19","abstract":"Background: Measurement of bone mineral density is the most common method of diagnosing and assessing osteoporosis. We sought to estimate the average rate of change in bone mineral density as a function of age among Canadians aged 25-85, stratified by sex and use of antiresorptive agents.\n\nMethods: We examined a longitudinal cohort of 9423 participants. We measured the bone mineral density in the lumbar spine, total hip and femoral neck at baseline in 1995-1997, and at 3-year (participants aged 40-60 years only) and 5-year follow-up visits. We used the measurements to compute individual rates of change.\n\nResults: Bone loss in all 3 skeletal sites began among women at age 40-44. Bone loss was particularly rapid in the total hip and was greatest among women aged 50-54 who were transitioning from premenopause to postmenopause, with a change from baseline of -6.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] -7.5% to -4.9%) over 5 years. The rate of decline, particularly in the total hip, increased again among women older than 70 years. Bone loss in all 3 skeletal sites began at an earlier age (25-39) among men than among women. The rate of decline of bone density in the total hip was nearly constant among men 35 and older and then increased among men older than 65. Use of antiresorptive agents was associated with attenuated bone loss in both sexes among participants aged 50-79.\n\nInterpretation: The period of accelerated loss of bone mineral density in the hip bones occurring among women and men older than 65 may be an important contributor to the increased incidence of hip fracture among patients in that age group. The extent of bone loss that we observed in both sexes indicates that, in the absence of additional risk factors or therapy, repeat testing of bone mineral density to diagnose osteoporosis could be delayed to every 5 years.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"178","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association Journal = Journal De l'Association Medicale  Canadienne"}}},"pageStart":"1660","pageEnd":"1668","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.071416","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36700624"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1503/cmaj.071416"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18559803"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36700624"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/urinary-tract-infection-and-inflammation-at-onset-of-interstitial-cystitispainfu-rec2ravxua5k9ibus/","name":"Urinary tract infection and inflammation at onset of interstitial  cystitis/painful bladder syndrome","headline":"Urinary tract infection and inflammation at onset of interstitial  cystitis/painful bladder syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/urinary-tract-infection-and-inflammation-at-onset-of-interstitial-cystitispainfu-rec2ravxua5k9ibus/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Patricia Langenberg","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Chicago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vivian Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6383-4449","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patty Greenberg","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Linda Horne","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephen Jacobs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2175-6627"},{"@type":"Person","name":"John W Warren","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64"}}],"datePublished":"2008-06-10","abstract":"Objectives: Interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome (IC/PBS) is a chronic disease primarily in women that is of low incidence and unknown etiology and manifests as bladder pain and urinary symptoms. Acute urinary tract infection (UTI) is of high incidence in women, presents as dysuria and urinary symptoms, and is caused by uropathogenic bacteria. We hypothesized that UTI is present at the onset of IC/PBS in some women.\n\nMethods: For a case-control study seeking risk factors for IC/PBS, women with IC/PBS symptoms of 12 months or less were recruited and evaluated by interview and medical record review. The date of symptom onset was identified by a six-step process. Three evidence-based methods using culture, urinalysis, and symptoms were used separately and in combination to diagnose UTI at IC/PBS onset.\n\nResults: Of 1177 screened women, 314 with recent-onset IC/PBS, including numerous confirming characteristics, were enrolled in the study; 98% of the requested medical records were obtained and reviewed. Evidence of a UTI at the onset of IC/PBS was found in 18% to 36% of women. Common UTI features not used in its diagnosis (short interval to medical care, hematuria, antibiotic treatment, and improvement after antibiotics) were significantly more common in those with onset UTI than in those without.\n\nConclusions: These retrospective data suggest that a proportion, probably a minority, of women at IC/PBS onset had evidence of UTI or inflammation. Our results indicate that UTI is present at the onset of IC/PBS in some women and might reveal clues to IC/PBS pathogenesis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"71","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Urology"}}},"pageStart":"1085","pageEnd":"1090","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2007.12.091","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34592898"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.urology.2007.12.091"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18538691"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34592898"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/physiological-action-of-oestradiol-on-the-acrosome-reaction-in-human-spermatozoa-recgizqngavkm7lvm/","name":"Physiological action of oestradiol on the acrosome reaction in human spermatozoa","headline":"Physiological action of oestradiol on the acrosome reaction in human spermatozoa","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/physiological-action-of-oestradiol-on-the-acrosome-reaction-in-human-spermatozoa-recgizqngavkm7lvm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Godoy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4093-5997","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Toro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7355-7534","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}}],"datePublished":"2008-06-01","abstract":"The acrosome is a secretory vesicle located in the sperm head. The acrosome reaction consists in the fusion of the sperm plasma membrane with the external acrosomal membrane. It has been observed that this reaction does not take place in spermatozoa incubated in cervical mucus, hydrogel that contains high concentrations of oestradiol in the peri-ovulatory period. The objective of the present study was to analyse the influence of oestradiol on the acrosome reaction in human spermatozoa to evaluate the possible inhibitory effect of this hormone. Spermatozoa were incubated in progesterone (10.1 nmol l(-1)); oestradiol plus progesterone (oestradiol at 840 pmol l(-1) and progesterone at 10.1 nmol l(-1)), oestradiol (840 pmol l(-1)) and control (without steroidal hormones) for 30 min, 60 min, 240 min and 24 h. The acrosome reaction was evaluated by stain with Hoechst 33258 and fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated Pisum sativum agglutinin lectin. Progesterone-incubated spermatozoa showed the highest percentage of acrosome reaction (P < 0.05). Spermatozoa incubated with oestradiol and oestradiol plus progesterone showed the lowest percentage of acrosome reaction. The present study demonstrates the inhibitory role of oestradiol on the acrosome reaction, stimulated by progesterone in human spermatozoa under physiological conditions.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"40","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Andrologia"}}},"pageStart":"146","pageEnd":"151","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0272.2007.00814.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33334193"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1439-0272.2007.00814.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18477200"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33334193"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cervical-dysplasia-and-cancer-and-the-use-of-hormonal-contraceptives-in-jamaican-women-recnb5l7eoeyet3wy/","name":"Cervical dysplasia and cancer and the use of hormonal contraceptives in Jamaican women","headline":"Cervical dysplasia and cancer and the use of hormonal contraceptives in Jamaican women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cervical-dysplasia-and-cancer-and-the-use-of-hormonal-contraceptives-in-jamaican-women-recnb5l7eoeyet3wy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Norma McFarlane‐Anderson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of the West Indies","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03fkc8c64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria Jackson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7031-7244","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of the West Indies System","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01t20sn94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Horace Fletcher","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of the West Indies System","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01t20sn94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patience E Bazuaye","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of the West Indies System","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01t20sn94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Norma McFarlane-Anderson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4204-3415","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Mona Campus, Kingston, Jamaica. norma.mcfarlaneanderson@uwimona.edu.jm"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Monica Smikle","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of the West Indies System","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01t20sn94"}}],"datePublished":"2008-05-30","abstract":"Background: This study was conducted to determine whether use of hormonal contraceptives is associated with cervical dysplasia and cancer in a population where there is widespread use of hormonal contraception and the rates of cervical cancer remain high at 27.5/100,000.\n\nMethods: A case-control study was conducted among women visiting the colposcopy and gynaelogical clinics at a tertiary referral hospital. Two hundred and thirty six cases CIN I (72), II (59), III (54), cancer (51) and 102 controls, consented and were interviewed on use of contraceptives using a structured questionnaire. Logistic regression was used to determine odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) associated with use of hormonal contraception in cases and controls and in low and high risk cases. Recruitment was carried out from 2001-2002.\n\nResults: Contraceptives used were: oral contraceptives - 35%, injections (depot medroxy progesterone acetate (Depo-provera) - 10%, Intrauterine devices - 2%, combinations of these and tubal ligation - 30%. 23% reported use of 'other' methods, barrier contraceptives or no form of contraception. Barrier contraceptive use was not significantly different between cases and controls. Current and/or past exposure to hormonal contraceptives (HC) by use of the pill or injection, alone or in combination with other methods was significantly higher in the cases. In multivariate analysis with age and number of sexual partners as co-variates, use of hormonal contraception was associated both with disease, [OR, 1.92 (CI 1.11, 3.34; p = 0.02] and severity of the disease [OR, 2.22 (CI 1.05, 4.66) p = 0.036]. When parity and alcohol consumption were added to the model, hormonal contraception was no longer significant. The significant association with high risk disease was retained when the model was controlled for age and number of sexual partners. Depo-provera use (with age and number of sexual partners as covariates) was also associated with disease [OR, 2.43 (CI 1.39, 4.57), p = 0.006] and severity of disease [OR 2.51 (1.11, 5.64) p = 0.027]. With parity and alcohol added to this model, depo-provera use retained significance. Exposure to HC > 4 years conferred more risk for disease and severity of disease.\n\nConclusion: Hormonal contraception did confer some risk of dysplasia and women using HC should therefore be encouraged to do regular Pap smear screening.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMC Womens Health"}}},"pageStart":"9","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6874-8-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33339009"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/1472-6874-8-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18513406"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33339009"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/outcomes-following-prolonged-preterm-premature-rupture-of-the-membranes-57oskexc/","name":"Outcomes following prolonged preterm premature rupture of the membranes","headline":"Outcomes following prolonged preterm premature rupture of the membranes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/outcomes-following-prolonged-preterm-premature-rupture-of-the-membranes-57oskexc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Everest NJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacobs SE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Davis PG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Begg L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rogerson S"}],"datePublished":"2008-05-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: Rupture of the membranes in the second trimester is reported to be associated with high rates of pregnancy loss, neonatal mortality and morbidity. This article describes the outcomes of liveborn infants delivered following a prolonged period of membrane rupture occurring before 24 weeks' gestation.\n\nPATIENTS AND SETTING: Over a 5-year period, consecutive pregnancies complicated by spontaneous rupture of the membranes before 24 weeks' gestation were identified. Evaluation of short-term outcomes before discharge of liveborn infants delivered, in a tertiary referral centre, following prolonged rupture of membranes of duration greater than 2 weeks.\n\nRESULTS: Of 98 pregnancies identified with rupture of the membranes before 24 weeks' gestation, 40 (41%) women progressed to deliver a liveborn infant following a latent period of at least 14 days. Although most liveborn infants required neonatal intensive care including mechanical ventilation (n = 38; 78%), the survival rate to hospital discharge was 70% (n = 28). Airleak occurred in 7 (25%) survivors and 8 (67%) deaths. Among the survivors, 12 (43%) required supplemental oxygen at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age and no infant had grade 3 or 4 intraventricular haemorrhage. One infant had a postmortem diagnosis of pulmonary hypoplasia and nine others had clinical features consistent with this diagnosis. Low liquor volume was not uniformly associated with a poor outcome.\n\nCONCLUSION: With full contemporary neonatal intensive care, the outcome for liveborn infants in the present cohort delivered following membrane rupture occurring before 24 weeks' gestation, of at least 14 days duration, was better than previously reported.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"93","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition"}}},"pageStart":"F207-11","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/adc.2007.118711","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80693012"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/adc.2007.118711"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17660215"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q80693012"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reproductive-hormonal-changes-and-catamenial-pattern-in-adolescent-females-with--rectbahtt5nci2gpz/","name":"Reproductive hormonal changes and catamenial pattern in adolescent females with  epilepsy","headline":"Reproductive hormonal changes and catamenial pattern in adolescent females with  epilepsy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reproductive-hormonal-changes-and-catamenial-pattern-in-adolescent-females-with--rectbahtt5nci2gpz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hamed A. El‐Khayat","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pediatrics and Genetics","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03t432d20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nancy Soliman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-2903","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pediatrics and Genetics","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03t432d20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hoda Tomoum","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7781-7532","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pediatrics and Genetics","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03t432d20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amany S. El‐Wakad","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Research Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02n85j827"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rania Shatla","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pediatrics and Genetics","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03t432d20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hamed A El-Khayat","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Pediatrics, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amany S El-Wakad"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maher A Omran","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ain Shams University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cb9w016"}}],"datePublished":"2008-04-26","abstract":"Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the effect of epilepsy on the reproductive hormones levels among female patients, and to investigate the frequency of catamenial pattern of seizures.\n\nMethods: A total of 42 female patients with epilepsy and 21 healthy females (control group) were included. Subjects were at least 2 years postmenarche with regular cycles. Symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) were assessed using calendar of premenstrual experience scoring. Patients were evaluated for catamenial pattern of seizures. Levels of FSH, LH, estradiol (E), and progesterone (P) were assessed for all subjects in the three phases of the cycles. Pelvi-abdominal ultrasound was performed near time of ovulation, to follow up size of mature follicle.\n\nResults: Symptoms of PMS were not different in patients and controls, or in patients with and those without catamenial tendency. In both perimenstrual (M) and midluteal phases, FSH and P levels were lower and E/P ratio higher in patients group. There was a catamenial pattern of seizures in 31% of patients (53.8% M C(1); 46.15% inadequate luteal phase C(3)pattern). Patients with C(3)pattern showed lower P levels in the midluteal phase compared to patients with noncatamenial pattern, to those with C(1)pattern or to controls. Patients with C(1)pattern had lower P levels than controls in the M phase.\n\nConclusion: There was evident disruption in the reproductive hormones in female patients with epilepsy with lower FSH and P levels and higher E/P ratio. A total of 31% of patients showed catamenial pattern of seizures (C(1)and C(3)patterns) that was significantly related to P withdrawal.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"49","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Epilepsia"}}},"pageStart":"1619","pageEnd":"1626","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1167.2008.01622.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34774055"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1528-1167.2008.01622.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18435756"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34774055"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/intracytoplasmic-sperm-injection-icsi--what-are-the-risks-recsyzkxmivrzhdru/","name":"Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)--what are the risks?","headline":"Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)--what are the risks?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/intracytoplasmic-sperm-injection-icsi--what-are-the-risks-recsyzkxmivrzhdru/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph P Alukal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2663-2386","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dolores J Lamb","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4389-5065","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}}],"datePublished":"2008-04-22","abstract":"In vitro fertilization used in combination with intracytoplasmic sperm injection allows otherwise sterile couples to become parents. Despite recent studies on the safety of these technologies, there is still only an incomplete picture of the risks associated with the usage of these assisted reproductive techniques to offspring. The risk of multiple gestations continues to be of major concern because of its association with low birth weight, preterm delivery, and increased perinatal mortality. This article outlines the risks associated with in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection as a well-defined treatment for couples with severe male factor infertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"35","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Urologic Clinics of North America"}}},"pageStart":"277-x","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ucl.2008.01.004","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36713717"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ucl.2008.01.004"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18423248"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36713717"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/taming-the-cycle-how-does-the-pill-work-ppdgzhpp/","name":"Taming the Cycle: How Does the Pill Work?","headline":"Taming the Cycle: How Does the Pill Work?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/taming-the-cycle-how-does-the-pill-work-ppdgzhpp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Nottke A"}],"datePublished":"2008-03-15","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Science in the News (Harvard Medical School)"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/granulocyte-colony-stimulating-factor-g-csf-in-the-mechanism-of-human-ovulation--rec11sookk6jvo8ju/","name":"Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in the mechanism of human ovulation and its clinical usefulness","headline":"Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in the mechanism of human ovulation and its clinical usefulness","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/granulocyte-colony-stimulating-factor-g-csf-in-the-mechanism-of-human-ovulation--rec11sookk6jvo8ju/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R Fujii","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kanazawa Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0535cbe18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Hirosaki"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Makinoda","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kanazawa Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0535cbe18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Tomizawa"},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Waseda"}],"datePublished":"2008-03-14","abstract":"In 1980, Espey proposed a famous hypothesis that mammalian ovulation is comparable to an inflammatory reaction and many researches have proved the validity of his hypothesis in the last three decades. For example, interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)- alpha, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and other inflammatory cytokines presence was proven in the preovulatory follicle. Since granulocyte is the major leukocyte and it plays a very important role during inflammation, the importance of granulocyte and its related cytokine, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in the mechanism of human ovulation is easily predictable. G-CSF is one of the hemopoietic cytokines and it has strong positive effects on granulocytes. G-CSF increases the number of granulocytes and it improves the function of granulocytes. In this review, the participation of leukocytes in the ovulation mechanism is demonstrated first. Second, the participation of G-CSF is shown in comparison with the above mentioned cytokines. Finally, since G-CSF has been used for more than 20 years as a medicine without severe side effects in the field of oncology, the clinical application of G-CSF for the treatment of an ovulation disorder, luteinized unruptured follicle (LUF), will be discussed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Current Medicinal Chemistry"}}},"pageStart":"604","pageEnd":"613","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.2174/092986708783769740","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37108393"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2174/092986708783769740"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18336275"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37108393"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/premature-ovarian-failure-and-dehydroepiandrosterone-recelgd5vd0r01eed/","name":"Premature ovarian failure and dehydroepiandrosterone","headline":"Premature ovarian failure and dehydroepiandrosterone","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/premature-ovarian-failure-and-dehydroepiandrosterone-recelgd5vd0r01eed/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Eudoxia Mamas"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leonidas Mamas","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"PyroGenesis (Greece)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/034nt0s92"}}],"datePublished":"2008-03-07","abstract":"In the light of similarities between premenstrual syndrome and toxaemia, and the fact that treatment of the former with progesterone not only relieved the symptoms (Greene and Dalton, 1953) but also prevented the development of edema, hypertension, and albumin","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"91","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"644","pageEnd":"646","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.11.055","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28271591"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.11.055"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18321501"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28271591"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chronic-endometritis-correlation-among-hysteroscopic-histologic-and-bacteriologi-cpqswhgc/","name":"Chronic endometritis: correlation among hysteroscopic, histologic, and bacteriologic findings in a prospective trial with 2190 consecutive office hysteroscopies","headline":"Chronic endometritis: correlation among hysteroscopic, histologic, and bacteriologic findings in a prospective trial with 2190 consecutive office hysteroscopies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chronic-endometritis-correlation-among-hysteroscopic-histologic-and-bacteriologi-cpqswhgc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ettore Cicinelli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2390-4582","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Human Oncologic Science, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027ynra39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dominique De Ziegler","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2513-8220","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mkjjy25"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nicoletti R","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8765-1997"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Colafiglio G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Saliani N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leonardo Resta","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4335-4776","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027ynra39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rizzi D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"De Vito D","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4816-4456"}],"datePublished":"2008-03-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the type and etiopathogenic role of infectious agents detected in endometrial cultures obtained from women with chronic endometritis (CE).\n\nDESIGN: Prospective controlled study.\n\nSETTING: University hospital.\n\nPATIENT(S): 2190 women undergoing hysteroscopy for different indications.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Vaginal and endometrial samples were collected from 438 women with a CE diagnosis at hysteroscopy and 100 women with no signs of CE (controls).\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Histology and cultures for common bacteria, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Mycoplasma, and molecular biology testing for Chlamydia were performed.\n\nRESULT(S): We compared results of vaginal and intrauterine cultures obtained from women with and without CE. Histologic results were positive in 388 of these cases (88.6%), and at least one microorganism was found in 320 endometrial samples (73.1%). In the control group, histologic results and endometrial culture were positive in only 6% and 5% of cases, respectively. The most frequent infectious agents detected at the endometrial level were common bacteria (58% of cases). Ureaplasma urealyticum was detected in 10% and Chlamydia in only 2.7% of positive endometrial cultures. In only 143 (32.6%) cases were the same infectious agent isolated in endometrial and vaginal cultures.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): More than 70% of CE cases resulted from nongonococcal, nonchlamydial infections. Common bacteria and Mycoplasma were the most frequent etiologic agents. Vaginal cultures have low concordance with endometrial cultures.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"89","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"677","pageEnd":"84","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.03.074","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37859695"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.03.074"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17531993"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37859695"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/consensus-on-infertility-treatment-related-to-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-y3dy1dl5/","name":"Consensus on infertility treatment related to polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"Consensus on infertility treatment related to polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/consensus-on-infertility-treatment-related-to-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-y3dy1dl5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thessaloniki ESHRE/ASRM-Sponsored PCOS Consensus Workshop Group"}],"datePublished":"2008-03-01","abstract":"The treatment of infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is surrounded by many controversies. On the basis of the currently available evidence, a group of experts reached a consensus regarding the therapeutic challenges raised in these women. Before any intervention is initiated, preconceptional counseling should be provided emphasizing the importance of lifestyle, especially weight reduction and exercise in overweight women, smoking, and alcohol consumption. The recommended first-line treatment for ovulation induction remains the anti-estrogen clomiphene citrate (CC). Recommended second-line intervention, should CC fail to result in pregnancy, is either exogenous gonadotropins or laparoscopic ovarian surgery (LOS). The use of exogenous gonadotropins is associated with increased chances for multiple pregnancy, and, therefore, intense monitoring of ovarian response is required. Laparoscopic ovarian surgery alone is usually effective in less than 50% of women, and additional ovulation induction medication is required under those circumstances. Overall, ovulation induction (representing the CC-gonadotropin paradigm) is reported to be highly effective with a cumulative singleton live-birth rate of 72%. Recommended third-line treatment is in vitro fertilization (IVF). More patient-tailored approaches should be developed for ovulation induction based on initial screening characteristics of women with PCOS. Such approaches may result in deviation from the above mentioned first-line, second-line, or third-line ovulation strategies in well-defined subsets of patients. Metformin use in PCOS should be restricted to women with glucose intolerance. Based on recent data available in the literature, the routine use of this drug in ovulation induction is not recommended. Insufficient evidence is currently available to recommend the clinical use of aromatase inhibitors for routine ovulation induction. Even singleton pregnancies in PCOS are associated with increased health risk for both the mother and the fetus.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"89","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"505","pageEnd":"522","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.09.041","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.09.041"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/being-strategic-about-contraceptive-introduction-the-experience-of-the-standard--rec9yzawy7kkitc78/","name":"Being strategic about contraceptive introduction: the experience of the Standard  Days Method","headline":"Being strategic about contraceptive introduction: the experience of the Standard  Days Method","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/being-strategic-about-contraceptive-introduction-the-experience-of-the-standard--rec9yzawy7kkitc78/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudia Velasquez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9423-047X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute for Reproductive Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00jt1e157"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Erin E Anastasi"},{"@type":"Person","name":"James N Gribble","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Population Reference Bureau","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024gy8x37"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rebecka Lundgren","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9607-5722","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}}],"datePublished":"2008-02-19","abstract":"Background: Many national and institutional family planning policies explicitly include fertility awareness-based methods among the method options that should be made available, but these methods are often not offered for a variety of reasons. After testing the efficacy of the Standard Days Method (SDM), which is a fertility awareness-based method that identifies Days 8-19 of the menstrual cycle as fertile for women with cycles lasting between 26 and 32 days, pilot studies were conducted to introduce it into programs.\n\nStudy Design: Through 14 pilot studies around the world, ministries of health, family planning associations and community development organizations introduced the SDM. Follow-up interviews with users and other data collection methodologies were used to track user characteristics and experiences. Supervision data and simulated clients assessed the effects on service delivery.\n\nResults: The SDM appeals to a broad range of women throughout the world. Clients report using abstinence or condoms to manage the fertile days. Both men and women report high levels of satisfaction with the method. The cross-study first-year failure rate of 14.1 pregnancies per 100 woman-years of use is similar to typical-use rates found in the SDM efficacy trial.\n\nConclusions: The results of the pilot studies offer guidance for scaling up service delivery of the SDM. Condom counseling can help many users manage the fertile window effectively. Because out-of-range cycles can lead to method failure, users must understand the importance of tracking cycle length and be willing to switch to another method when the SDM is contraindicated. Community providers can offer the method; within clinical settings, SDM counseling typically takes no more time than allowed in most program norms. Training providers to address alcohol use and gender-based violence improves SDM method use and contributes to better quality of care.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"77","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"147","pageEnd":"154","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2007.11.001","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46750245"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.contraception.2007.11.001"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18279683"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46750245"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/variability-in-the-hormonally-estimated-fertile-phase-of-the-menstrual-cycle-rechscprrl3i6ma9s/","name":"Variability in the hormonally estimated fertile phase of the menstrual cycle","headline":"Variability in the hormonally estimated fertile phase of the menstrual cycle","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/variability-in-the-hormonally-estimated-fertile-phase-of-the-menstrual-cycle-rechscprrl3i6ma9s/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Schneider","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8090-4971","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}}],"datePublished":"2008-02-06","abstract":"The purpose of this study was to determine the variability in length of the fertile phase of the menstrual cycle with 140 participants who produced 1,060 cycles with an electronic hormonal fertility monitor. The length of the fertile phase, as defined by the first day with a threshold level of urinary E3G and ending with a second day above a threshold of LH, varied from <1 to >7 days, with the most frequent length being 3 days.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"90","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1232","pageEnd":"1235","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.10.050","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46772140"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.10.050"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18249381"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46772140"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-metabolic-syndrome-and-male-infertility-recwqladkxg6xaosj/","name":"The metabolic syndrome and male infertility","headline":"The metabolic syndrome and male infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-metabolic-syndrome-and-male-infertility-recwqladkxg6xaosj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sanjay S Kasturi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 East Chicago Ave, Tarry16-703, Chicago, IL 60611, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert E. Brannigan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3582-4715","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Northwestern University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/000e0be47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brannigan R","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6033-560X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Justin Tannir","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Northwestern University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/000e0be47"}}],"datePublished":"2008-01-29","abstract":"Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is highly prevalent, affecting more than 47 million US residents. This condition is also multifaceted, potentially leading to significant disturbance of numerous physiologic processes. This review article evaluates the literature regarding metabolic syndrome and male reproductive health. Links between obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and insulin resistance are each examined with regard to their associated detrimental effects on male fertility. At the end of this manuscript, we propose a new MetS/male infertility paradigm. Additional studies specifically addressing the components of MetS and their impact on male reproduction will enhance our understanding of the underlying pathophysiology. These studies may also help clarify the role for therapeutic intervention.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"29","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Andrology"}}},"pageStart":"251","pageEnd":"259","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.2164/jandrol.107.003731","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37068386"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2164/jandrol.107.003731"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18222914"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37068386"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dual-energy-x-ray-absorptiometry-technical-issues-the-2007-iscd-official-positio-recc38svebml6ibvm/","name":"Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Technical issues: the 2007 ISCD Official Positions","headline":"Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Technical issues: the 2007 ISCD Official Positions","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dual-energy-x-ray-absorptiometry-technical-issues-the-2007-iscd-official-positio-recc38svebml6ibvm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine Simonelli","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"HealthEast Care System","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00kmz4377"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert A Adler","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8151-2240","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hunter Holmes McGuire VA Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04fp78s33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Glen M. Blake","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1530-5267","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guy's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04r33pf22"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"JoAnn P. Caudill"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aliya Khan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3374-1553","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ed Leib","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Vermont","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0155zta11"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael Maricic","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Retina Specialists","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00py0b751"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sérgio Ragi Eis"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Clifford J. Rosen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3436-8199"},{"@type":"Person","name":"David L Kendler","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1582-1878"}],"datePublished":"2008-01-01","abstract":"At the 2007 Position Development Conference, the Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry Technical Task Force investigated three major areas of bone density testing. Although bone mineral density (BMD) testing in men had previously been reviewed at the 2005 Position Development Conference, we reviewed the most recent data in men to develop appropriate indications for bone density testing in men. We continue to recommend screening at age 70 and discuss the clinical risk factors that may be an appropriate indication for earlier BMD testing. Menopausal transition (perimenopause) was considered an important time to consider BMD evaluation because bone loss may be significant prior to menopause. However, because fracture risk is inherently low in women of this age without other risk factors, screening BMD testing is not appropriate. We discuss the risk factors that are strong indicators of fracture risk that may be increased during the menopause transition. The presence of these risk factors are appropriate indications for BMD testing with applicability of WHO diagnostic categorization. The issue of establishing a high threshold for BMD was investigated thoroughly and the current literature was reviewed. Despite the fact there is agreement that all BMD values greater than T-score -1.0 are not normal, it was felt that because of the paucity of sensitivity data and confounding factors such as high body mass index, an upper threshold could not be established or recommended at this time. This was felt to be an important area for further research.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"J Clin Densitom"}}},"pageStart":"109","pageEnd":"122","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocd.2007.12.009","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43628983"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jocd.2007.12.009"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18442756"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43628983"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/emergency-contraception-overestimated-effectiveness-and-questionable-expectation-recfh5o4oyfi1knko/","name":"Emergency contraception: overestimated effectiveness and questionable expectations","headline":"Emergency contraception: overestimated effectiveness and questionable expectations","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/emergency-contraception-overestimated-effectiveness-and-questionable-expectation-recfh5o4oyfi1knko/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2008-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"83","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics"}}},"pageStart":"19","pageEnd":"21","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.clpt.6100442","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34585221"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/sj.clpt.6100442"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18030305"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34585221"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-medical-and-surgical-practice-of-naprotechnology-by-thomas-w-hilgers-md-recrpsk2ikagqwgk3/","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTechnology, by Thomas W. Hilgers, M.D","headline":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTechnology, by Thomas W. Hilgers, M.D","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-medical-and-surgical-practice-of-naprotechnology-by-thomas-w-hilgers-md-recrpsk2ikagqwgk3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"The National Catholic Bioethics Center"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laurie Heap"}],"datePublished":"2008-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The national Catholic bioethics quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"185","pageEnd":"190","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.5840/ncbq20088195","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.5840/ncbq20088195"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2007-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2007-8m3ttgcq/","name":"DIR Jahrbuch 2007 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2007)","headline":"DIR Jahrbuch 2007 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2007)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2007-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2007-8m3ttgcq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register e.V."}],"datePublished":"2008-01-01","abstract":"Annual report (Jahrbuch) of the Deutsches IVF-Register (DIR) for treatment year 2007. DIR is the German national IVF/ICSI registry, founded 1982 — the oldest continuously operating ART registry. Voluntary professional-society database with high de-facto coverage of German fertility centres. Reports cycles, transfers, pregnancies and clinical outcomes by treatment type (IVF, ICSI, frozen embryo transfer, donor). German-language registry document. Used as a Phase B historical-archive source for the ART Registry Comparison study (cross-registry classification by reporting completeness on 7 framework dimensions).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register Jahrbuch"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-cell-phone-usage-on-semen-analysis-in-men-attending-infertility-clinic-agsaojlj/","name":"Effect of cell phone usage on semen analysis in men attending infertility clinic: an observational study","headline":"Effect of cell phone usage on semen analysis in men attending infertility clinic: an observational study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-cell-phone-usage-on-semen-analysis-in-men-attending-infertility-clinic-agsaojlj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ashok Agarwal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0900-6383","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cleveland Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xjacd83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fnu Deepinder","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cleveland Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xjacd83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ravi Kumar Sharma","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chandigarh University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05t4pvx35"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ranga G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jingyi Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4874-2874","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wuhan Union Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0371fqr87"}}],"datePublished":"2008-01-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of cell phone use on various markers of semen quality.\n\nDESIGN: Observational study.\n\nSETTING: Infertility clinic.\n\nPATIENT(S): Three hundred sixty-one men undergoing infertility evaluation were divided into four groups according to their active cell phone use: group A: no use; group B: <2 h/day; group C: 2-4 h/day; and group D: >4 h/day.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): None.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Sperm parameters (volume, liquefaction time, pH, viscosity, sperm count, motility, viability, and morphology).\n\nRESULT(S): The comparisons of mean sperm count, motility, viability, and normal morphology among four different cell phone user groups were statistically significant. Mean sperm motility, viability, and normal morphology were significantly different in cell phone user groups within two sperm count groups. The laboratory values of the above four sperm parameters decreased in all four cell phone user groups as the duration of daily exposure to cell phones increased.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Use of cell phones decrease the semen quality in men by decreasing the sperm count, motility, viability, and normal morphology. The decrease in sperm parameters was dependent on the duration of daily exposure to cell phones and independent of the initial semen quality.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"89","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"124","pageEnd":"8","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.01.166","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34625710"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.01.166"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17482179"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34625710"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/infertility-surgery-is-dead-only-the-obituary-remains-cdwav8qg/","name":"Infertility surgery is dead: only the obituary remains?","headline":"Infertility surgery is dead: only the obituary remains?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/infertility-surgery-is-dead-only-the-obituary-remains-cdwav8qg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Eve C. Feinberg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7454-5669","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/000e0be47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Levens ED"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alan H DeCherney","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4095-1383","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}}],"datePublished":"2008-01-01","abstract":"Despite the multiple advantages of assisted reproductive technology compared with surgery, there remain several diagnoses for which surgery is still widely performed: distal tubal occlusion, regret of permanent sterilization, and endometriosis. Assisted reproductive technology is superior to surgery and should be offered as first-line treatment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.02.041","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.02.041"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17509579"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-43-polycystic-ovarian-disease-recxzbvorl9nj3jjr/","name":"Chapter 43: Polycystic Ovarian Disease","headline":"Chapter 43: Polycystic Ovarian Disease","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-43-polycystic-ovarian-disease-recxzbvorl9nj3jjr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"AK Debdas"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2008-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"93","pageEnd":"100","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cultural-perceptions-and-practices-around-menarche-and-adolescent-menstruation-i-g4gioobf/","name":"Cultural perceptions and practices around menarche and adolescent menstruation in the United States","headline":"Cultural perceptions and practices around menarche and adolescent menstruation in the United States","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cultural-perceptions-and-practices-around-menarche-and-adolescent-menstruation-i-g4gioobf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Stubbs ML"}],"datePublished":"2008-01-01","abstract":"This overview details the persistence of negative characterizations of the menstrual cycle as a feature of the current cultural context in which girls begin menstrual life in the United States. In addition, research on girls' current menstrual attitudes and experiences within this context are reviewed. Current research suggests that girls are not very knowledgeable about menstruation, and that menstrual education continues to provide girls with mixed messages, such as: menstruation is a normal, natural event, but it should be hidden. Girls' attitudes and expectations about menstruation are negatively biased and have been found to contribute to self-objectification, body shame, and lack of agency in sexual decision-making. Although preparation has been found to be associated with more positive menarcheal and menstrual experiences, specificity about what constitutes \"good\" preparation has not been well articulated. Implications for promoting the menstrual cycle among young girls as a vital sign in service of monitoring their health are discussed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1135","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"}},"pageStart":"58","pageEnd":"66","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1429.008","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37198396"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1196/annals.1429.008"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18574209"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37198396"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevalence-of-premenstrual-syndrome-in-autism-a-prospective-observerrated-study-ho96bppz/","name":"Prevalence of premenstrual syndrome in autism: a prospective observer-rated study","headline":"Prevalence of premenstrual syndrome in autism: a prospective observer-rated study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevalence-of-premenstrual-syndrome-in-autism-a-prospective-observerrated-study-ho96bppz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Obaydi H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Puri BK"}],"datePublished":"2008-01-01","abstract":"A systematic, prospective observer-rated study was carried out to determine the prevalence of late luteal phase dysphoric disorder (premenstrual syndrome) in women with autism. A group of women with autism and learning disability (n = 26) was compared with a group of women with a non-autism learning disability (n = 36) matched for age, in-patient status, intelligence, marital status, parity, behavioural problems and ethnicity. Observers rated DSM-IV symptoms of late luteal phase dysphoric disorder every day from each subject over three consecutive menstrual cycles. Using a premenstrual increase in DSM-IV symptoms of >or= 30% as evidence of fulfilment of diagnostic criteria, the prevalence of late luteal phase dysphoric disorder was 92% in the autism group compared with 11% in the control group. This difference was highly statistically significant. The principal conclusion from this study is that there is a marked increase in premenstrual syndrome in women with autism compared with matched controls.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"36","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of international medical research"}}},"pageStart":"268","pageEnd":"72","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/147323000803600208","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50310223"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/147323000803600208"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18380936"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50310223"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/rapid-sperm-transport-and-capacitation-in-fallopian-tubes-recutevyueeznkykj/","name":"Sperm Transport and Capacitation","headline":"Sperm Transport and Capacitation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/rapid-sperm-transport-and-capacitation-in-fallopian-tubes-recutevyueeznkykj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert E. Brannigan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3582-4715","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Northwestern University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/000e0be47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lipshultz L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Larry I. Lipshultz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8676-7285"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brannigan R","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6033-560X"}],"datePublished":"2008-01-01","abstract":"It is well understood that a myriad of complex steps occur between the time of ejaculation and the union of the haploid number of chromosomes from each partner that results in the final process of fertilization. Consequently, it is easy to imagine the numerous potential problems that can occur at each step, and thus may prevent a successful pregnancy. Often overlooked are the complexities of sperm transport and the steps that must occur in the sperm, a process known as capacitation, before fertilization can occur. These processes of sperm delivery and potentiation are addressed in detail in this chapter.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Global Library of Women's Medicine"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3843/GLOWM.10316","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54102251"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3843/GLOWM.10316"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q54102251"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-oral-contraceptives-on-risk-of-cervical-cancer-recn0ds1oyf3obkqw/","name":"Effect of oral contraceptives on risk of cervical cancer","headline":"Effect of oral contraceptives on risk of cervical cancer","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-oral-contraceptives-on-risk-of-cervical-cancer-recn0ds1oyf3obkqw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Vanakankovit N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Taneepanichskul S"}],"datePublished":"2008-01-01","abstract":"Objective: To assess the risk of oral contraceptives on the occurrence of cervical cancer. Material and Method: A hospital-based case-control study was conducted. Sixty women patients with histologically confirmed invasive cervical cancer and 180 healthy women as the control group who attended the King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand were recruited. Information about the use of oral contraceptives and other cervical cancer risk factors were obtained from personal interviews. The risk factors were evaluated by using odds ratio (OR).\n\nResults: 60 women with invasive cervical cancer and 180 healthy controls were interviewed by the investigators. Compared with non-users, patients who had ever used or currently used oral contraceptive had an increased risk of cervical cancer (OR 1.45; 95% CI 0.79-2.64). However the risk was not statistically significant. Considering the duration of use, patients who had used oral contraceptives for 3 years or less did not have an increased risk of cervical cancer (OR 0.78; 95% CI 0.39-1.77). Nevertheless, the odds ratio of oral contraceptive pill use for more than 3 years was 2.57 (95% CI 1.22-5.49) which was statistically significant.\n\nConclusion: Long-term use of oral contraceptive might be a cofactor that increases the risk of cervical carcinoma. Further investigations should be conducted to confirm this risk. However, Pap smear has to be done routinely in long-term oral pill users.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"91","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"J Med Assoc Thai"}}},"pageStart":"7","pageEnd":"12","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oxidative-stress-and-male-infertilitya-clinical-perspective-xbirmdkf/","name":"Oxidative stress and male infertility--a clinical perspective","headline":"Oxidative stress and male infertility--a clinical perspective","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oxidative-stress-and-male-infertilitya-clinical-perspective-xbirmdkf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Tremellen K","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5575-6049"}],"datePublished":"2008-01-01","abstract":"Oxidative stress occurs when the production of potentially destructive reactive oxygen species (ROS) exceeds the bodies own natural antioxidant defenses, resulting in cellular damage. Oxidative stress is a common pathology seen in approximately half of all infertile men. ROS, defined as including oxygen ions, free radicals and peroxides are generated by sperm and seminal leukocytes within semen and produce infertility by two key mechanisms. First, they damage the sperm membrane, decreasing sperm motility and its ability to fuse with the oocyte. Second, ROS can alter the sperm DNA, resulting in the passage of defective paternal DNA on to the conceptus. This review will provide an overview of oxidative biochemistry related to sperm health and will identify which men are most at risk of oxidative infertility. Finally, the review will outline methods available for diagnosing oxidative stress and the various treatments available.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction update"}}},"pageStart":"243","pageEnd":"58","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmn004","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37087016"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humupd/dmn004"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18281241"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37087016"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-pathophysiology-of-amenorrhea-in-the-adolescent-caolesxf/","name":"The pathophysiology of amenorrhea in the adolescent","headline":"The pathophysiology of amenorrhea in the adolescent","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-pathophysiology-of-amenorrhea-in-the-adolescent-caolesxf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Golden NH","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2262-6955"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carlson JL"}],"datePublished":"2008-01-01","abstract":"Menstrual irregularity is a common occurrence during adolescence, especially within the first 2-3 years after menarche. Prolonged amenorrhea, however, is not normal and can be associated with significant medical morbidity, which differs depending on whether the adolescent is estrogen-deficient or estrogen-replete. Estrogen-deficient amenorrhea is associated with reduced bone mineral density and increased fracture risk, while estrogen-replete amenorrhea can lead to dysfunctional uterine bleeding in the short term and predispose to endometrial carcinoma in the long term. In both situations, appropriate intervention can reduce morbidity. Old paradigms of whom to evaluate for amenorrhea have been challenged by recent research that provides a better understanding of the normal menstrual cycle and its variability. Hypothalamic amenorrhea is the most prevalent cause of amenorrhea in the adolescent age group, followed by polycystic ovary syndrome. In anorexia nervosa, exercise-induced amenorrhea, and amenorrhea associated with chronic illness, an energy deficit results in suppression of hypothalamic secretion of GnRH, mediated in part by leptin. Administration of recombinant leptin to women with hypothalamic amenorrhea has been shown to restore LH pulsatility and ovulatory menstrual cycles. The use of recombinant leptin may improve our understanding of the pathophysiology of hypothalamic amenorrhea in adolescents and may also have therapeutic possibilities.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1135","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"}},"pageStart":"163","pageEnd":"78","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1429.014","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37198440"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1196/annals.1429.014"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18574222"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37198440"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/obstetric-outcomes-and-congenital-abnormalities-after-in-vitro-maturation-in-vit-ds2zzrjh/","name":"Obstetric Outcomes and Congenital Abnormalities After In Vitro Maturation, In Vitro Fertilization, and Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection","headline":"Obstetric Outcomes and Congenital Abnormalities After In Vitro Maturation, In Vitro Fertilization, and Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/obstetric-outcomes-and-congenital-abnormalities-after-in-vitro-maturation-in-vit-ds2zzrjh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrizio P"}],"datePublished":"2008-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2008","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Yearbook of Neonatal and Perinatal Medicine"}},"pageStart":"65","pageEnd":"66","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s8756-5005(08)79109-1","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s8756-5005(08)79109-1"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-administration-modulates-tlrsnfkappab-signaling-pathway-in-rat-brai-ttxjijvo/","name":"Progesterone administration modulates TLRs/NF-kappaB signaling pathway in rat brain after cortical contusion","headline":"Progesterone administration modulates TLRs/NF-kappaB signaling pathway in rat brain after cortical contusion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-administration-modulates-tlrsnfkappab-signaling-pathway-in-rat-brai-ttxjijvo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Guangjin Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1551-0996","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sun Yat-sen University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0064kty71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shi J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Weiqiu Jin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3226-1606","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"City University of Hong Kong","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Liang Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1461-0438"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wanqing Xie","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1862-974X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Anhui Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xb04968"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Sun","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3854-0544"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hang C"}],"datePublished":"2008-01-01","abstract":"This study investigated whether progesterone administration modulates toll-like receptors (TLRs) and the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) signaling pathway in the injured rat brain following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Right parietal cortical contusion was made by a weight-dropping method. Male rats were given 0 or 16 mg/kg injections of progesterone at postinjury hr 1 and 6 and on days 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. Brain samples were extracted at 5 days after trauma. We measured mRNA expression of TLR2 and TLR4 by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), NF-kappaB binding activity by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), concentrations of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression by immunohistochemistry, and brain damage by TUNEL. The results showed that TBI induces strong up-regulation of TLR2, TLR4, NF-kappaB, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and ICAM-1 in the pericontusional area. Administration of progesterone following TBI down-regulates the cortical levels of these agents related to the TLRs/NF-kappaB signaling pathway. After progesterone administration, apoptotic TUNEL-positive cells in the injured brain were significantly decreased. In summary, post-TBI progesterone administration attenuates the TLRs/NF-kappaB signaling pathway in injured rat brain, and this may be a mechanism whereby progesterone improves the outcome following TBI.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Annals of Clinical and Laboratory Science"},"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18316784"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-in-europe-2004-results-generated-from-european--mzaxgbw7/","name":"Assisted reproductive technology in Europe, 2004: results generated from European registers by ESHRE","headline":"Assisted reproductive technology in Europe, 2004: results generated from European registers by ESHRE","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-in-europe-2004-results-generated-from-european--mzaxgbw7/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A Nyboe Andersen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9828-1255","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Copenhagen University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05bpbnx46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Veerle Goossens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9342-2143","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/028sbah75"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ferraretti AP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Siladitya Bhattacharya","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6279-7826","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aberdeen Maternity Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0020hse07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Felberbaum R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacques de Mouzon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9465-3488","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nygren KG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"European IVF-monitoring (EIM) Consortium"},{"@type":"Person","name":"European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE)"}],"datePublished":"2008 Apr","abstract":"14. Assisted reproductive technology in Europe, 2004: results generated from European registers by ESHRE. Andersen AN(1), Goossens V, Ferraretti AP, Bhattacharya S, Felberbaum R, de Mouzon J, Nygren KG; European IVF-monitoring (EIM) Consortium; European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE). (1)ESHRE Central Office, Meerstraat 60, B-1852 Grimbergen, Belgium. anyboea@rh.dk BACKGROUND: European results of assisted reproductive techniques from treatments initiated during 2004 are presented in this eighth report. METHODS: Data were mainly collected from existing national registers. From 29 countries, 785 clinics reported 367,066 treatment cycles including: IVF (114,672), ICSI (167,192), frozen embryo replacement (FER, 71,997), egg donation (ED, 10 334), preimplantation genetic diagnosis/screening (PGD/PGS, 2701) and in vitro maturation (IVM, 170). Overall, this represents only a marginal increase since 2003, due to a huge reduction in treatments in Germany. European data on intrauterine insemination using husband/partner's semen (IUI-H) and donor semen (IUI-D) were reported from 20 countries. A total of 115,980 cycles (IUI-H, 98,388; IUI-D, 17,592) were included. RESULTS: In 14 countries where all clinics reported to the IVF register, a total of 248,937 ART cycles were performed in a population of 261.6 million, corresponding to 1095 cycles per million inhabitants. For IVF, the clinical pregnancy rates per aspiration and per transfer were 26.6% and 30.1%, respectively. For ICSI, the corresponding rates were 27.1% and 29.8%. After IUI-H, the clinical pregnancy rate was 12.6% in women below 40. After IVF and ICSI, the distribution of transfer of 1, 2, 3 and 4 or more embryos was 19.2%, 55.3%, 22.1% and 3.3%, respectively. Compared with 2003, fewer embryos were transferred, but huge differences still existed between countries. The distribution of singleton, twin and triplet deliveries after IVF and ICSI combined was 77.2%, 21.7% and 1.0%, respectively. This gives a total multiple delivery rate of 22.7% compared with 23.1% in 2003 and 24.5% in 2002. After IUI-H in women below 40 years of age, 11.9% were twin and 1.3% triplet gestations. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with earlier years, the reported number of ART cycles in Europe increased and the pregnancy rates increased marginally, even though fewer embryos were transferred and the multiple delivery rates were reduced.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/den014","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48764590"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/den014"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18281243"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q48764590"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/randomized-double-blind-placebo-controlled-trial-effects-of-myo-inositol-on-ovar-recebnez6agzvmim4/","name":"Randomized, double blind placebo-controlled trial: effects of myo-inositol on ovarian function and metabolic factors in women with PCOS","headline":"Randomized, double blind placebo-controlled trial: effects of myo-inositol on ovarian function and metabolic factors in women with PCOS","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/randomized-double-blind-placebo-controlled-trial-effects-of-myo-inositol-on-ovar-recebnez6agzvmim4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Papaleo E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gian Carlo Di Renzo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7179-9054","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Perugia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x27da85"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Allegra Ferrari","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4042-3636","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad de la República"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Gerli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1082-3062","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Perugia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x27da85"}}],"datePublished":"2007-12-14","abstract":"Oligomenorrhea and polycystic ovaries in women are one of the most important causes of the high incidence of ovulation failure. This is linked, perhaps, to insulin resistance and related metabolic features. A small number of reports show that myo-inositol improves ovarian function, but in these trials the quality of evidence supporting ovulation is suboptimal. Furthermore, few of them have been placebo-controlled. The aim of our study was to use a double-blind, placebo-controlled approach with detailed assessment of ovarian activity (two blood samples per week) to assess the validity of this therapeutic approach in this group of women. Of the 92 patients randomized, 47 received 400 mcg folic acid as placebo, and 45 received myo-inositol plus folic acid (4 g myo-inositol plus 400 mcg folic acid). The ovulation frequency assessed by the ratio of luteal phase weeks to observa-tion weeks was significantly (P < 0.01) higher in the treated group (25%) compared with the placebo (15%), and the time to first ovulation was significantly (P < 0.05) shorter [24.5 d; 95% confidence interval (CI), 18, 31; compared with 40.5 d; 95% CI, 27, 54]. The number of patients failing to ovulate during the placebo-treatment period was higher (P < 0.05) in the placebo group, and the majority of ovulations were characterized by normal progesterone concentrations in both groups. The effect of myo-inositol on follicular maturation was rapid, because the E2 circulating concentration increased over the first week of treatment only in the myo-inositol group. A significant increase in circulating high-density lipoprotein was observed only in the myo-inositol-treated group. Metabolic risk factor benefits of myo-inositol treatment were not observed in the morbidly obese subgroup of patients (body mass index > 37). After 14-wk myo-inositol or placebo therapy, no change in fasting glucose concentrations, fasting insulin, or insulin responses to glucose challenge was recorded. There was an inverse relationship between body mass and treatment efficacy. In fact a significant weight loss (and leptin reduction) (P < 0.01) was recorded in the myo-inositol group, whereas the placebo group actually increased weight (P < 0.05). These data support a beneficial effect of myo-inositol in women with oligomenorrhea and polycystic ovaries in improving ovarian function.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences"}}},"pageStart":"347","pageEnd":"354","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cervical-cancer-and-hormonal-contraceptives-collaborative-reanalysis-of-individual-data-for-16573-women-with-cervical-cancer-and-35509-women-without-cervical-cancer-from-24-epidemiological-studies-reci3sfr6bxunrl4n/","name":"Cervical cancer and hormonal contraceptives: collaborative reanalysis of  individual data for 16,573 women with cervical cancer and 35,509 women without  cervical cancer from 24 epidemiological studies","headline":"Cervical cancer and hormonal contraceptives: collaborative reanalysis of  individual data for 16,573 women with cervical cancer and 35,509 women without  cervical cancer from 24 epidemiological studies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cervical-cancer-and-hormonal-contraceptives-collaborative-reanalysis-of-individual-data-for-16573-women-with-cervical-cancer-and-35509-women-without-cervical-cancer-from-24-epidemiological-studies-reci3sfr6bxunrl4n/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"International Collaboration of Epidemiological Studies of Cervical Cancer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Oxford, UK."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amy Berrington de González"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Berrington de González A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paul Appleby","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cancer Research UK","sameAs":"https://ror.org/054225q67"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Valerie Beral","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3581-9361"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Didier Colin"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Silvia Franceschi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4181-8071","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre International de Recherche sur le Cancer","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00v452281"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Adrian Goodhill"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jane Green","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2745-127X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Julian Peto"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Martyn Plummer"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Siân Sweetland"}],"datePublished":"2007-11-13","abstract":"Background: Combined oral contraceptives are classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as a cause of cervical cancer. As the incidence of cervical cancer increases with age, the public-health implications of this association depend largely on the persistence of effects long after use of oral contraceptives has ceased. Information from 24 studies worldwide is pooled here to investigate the association between cervical carcinoma and pattern of oral contraceptive use.\n\nMethods: Individual data for 16,573 women with cervical cancer and 35,509 without cervical cancer were reanalysed centrally. Relative risks of cervical cancer were estimated by conditional logistic regression, stratifying by study, age, number of sexual partners, age at first intercourse, parity, smoking, and screening.\n\nFindings: Among current users of oral contraceptives the risk of invasive cervical cancer increased with increasing duration of use (relative risk for 5 or more years' use versus never use, 1.90 [95% CI 1.69-2.13]). The risk declined after use ceased, and by 10 or more years had returned to that of never users. A similar pattern of risk was seen both for invasive and in-situ cancer, and in women who tested positive for high-risk human papillomavirus. Relative risk did not vary substantially between women with different characteristics.\n\nInterpretation: The relative risk of cervical cancer is increased in current users of oral contraceptives and declines after use ceases. 10 years' use of oral contraceptives from around age 20 to 30 years is estimated to increase the cumulative incidence of invasive cervical cancer by age 50 from 7.3 to 8.3 per 1000 in less developed countries and from 3.8 to 4.5 per 1000 in more developed countries.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"370","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9599","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Lancet (London, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1609","pageEnd":"1621","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61684-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31135861"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61684-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17993361"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q31135861"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diet-and-lifestyle-in-the-prevention-of-ovulatory-disorder-infertility-h9uewng3/","name":"Diet and lifestyle in the prevention of ovulatory disorder infertility","headline":"Diet and lifestyle in the prevention of ovulatory disorder infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diet-and-lifestyle-in-the-prevention-of-ovulatory-disorder-infertility-h9uewng3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jorge E Chavarro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7790-8311","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rich-Edwards JW","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5066-8808"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rosner BA","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6907-0056"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Walter C Willett","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}}],"datePublished":"2007-11-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relation of a dietary pattern and other lifestyle practices to risk of ovulatory disorder infertility.\n\nMETHODS: We followed a cohort of 17,544 women without a history of infertility for 8 years as they tried to become pregnant or became pregnant. A dietary score based on factors previously related to lower ovulatory disorder infertility (higher consumption of monounsaturated rather than trans fats, vegetable rather than animal protein sources, low glycemic carbohydrates, high fat dairy, multivitamins, and iron from plants and supplements) and other lifestyle information was prospectively related to the incidence of infertility.\n\nRESULTS: Increasing adherence to a \"fertility diet\" pattern was associated with a lower risk of ovulatory disorder infertility. The multivariable-adjusted relative risk of ovulatory disorder infertility comparing women in the highest with women in the lowest quintile of the \"fertility diet\" pattern score was 0.34 (95% confidence interval 0.23-0.48; P for trend<.001). This inverse relation was similar in subgroups defined by women's age, parity, and body weight. A combination of five or more low-risk lifestyle factors, including diet, weight control, and physical activity was associated with a 69% lower risk of ovulatory disorder infertility and an estimated population attributable risk of 66% (95% confidence interval 29-86%).\n\nCONCLUSION: Following a \"fertility diet\" pattern may favorably influence fertility in otherwise healthy women. Further, the majority of infertility cases due to ovulation disorders may be preventable through modifications of diet and lifestyle.\n\nLEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"110","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1050","pageEnd":"8","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/01.AOG.0000287293.25465.e1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81542483"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/01.AOG.0000287293.25465.e1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17978119"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q81542483"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-association-between-body-mass-index-and-health-related-quality-of-life-data--recpfkcm2s6qtgmhf/","name":"The association between body mass index and health-related quality of life: data from CaMos, a stratified population study","headline":"The association between body mass index and health-related quality of life: data from CaMos, a stratified population study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-association-between-body-mass-index-and-health-related-quality-of-life-data--recpfkcm2s6qtgmhf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"W M Hopman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3162-8754","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kingston General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03zq81960"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudie Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5499-2661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yiyuan Gao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6421-1251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chongqing Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/017z00e58"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Poliquin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Coordinating Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fzvsb30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tanveer Towheed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8738-9394","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Rheumatology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rtaxr13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tassos Anastassiades","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5805-0364","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan I Barr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8701-7152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lawrence Joseph","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3321-0587","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}}],"datePublished":"2007-10-24","abstract":"Background: Deviation from normal weight is associated with health risks, but less is known about the association between weight and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). We investigated this in the context of a population-based study, using a standard five-category weight classification system based on body mass index (BMI).\n\nMethods: The Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study is a randomly selected sample of men and women over 25 years of age from nine centres across Canada. Data were obtained by interview, and height and weight were measured and used to calculate BMI. HRQOL was measured using the SF-36. Multivariable linear regression was used to identify the association between BMI category and SF-36 scores after controlling for potential confounders.\n\nResults: Complete data were available for 6,302 women and 2,792 men. Mean BMI for every age and gender group exceeded healthy weight guidelines. For women, being underweight, overweight or obese was associated with poorer HRQOL in most SF-36 outcomes while for men, this was associated with poorer HRQOL in some domains and with higher HRQOL in others.\n\nConclusions: A significant proportion of the population may be putting their health at risk due to excess weight, which may have a substantial negative effect on HRQOL, particularly in women. This underscores the need for continued public health efforts aimed at combating overweight and obesity.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Qual Life Res"}}},"pageStart":"1595","pageEnd":"1603","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-007-9273-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31134118"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s11136-007-9273-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17957495"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q31134118"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-strengthening-the-reporting-of-observational-studies-in-epidemiology-strobe--reci8evosvctlekoc/","name":"The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE)  statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies","headline":"The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE)  statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-strengthening-the-reporting-of-observational-studies-in-epidemiology-strobe--reci8evosvctlekoc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Erik von Elm","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7412-0406","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bern","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02k7v4d05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Douglas G Altman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7183-4083","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oxford","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052gg0110"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Matthias Egger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7462-5132","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bern","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02k7v4d05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stuart Pocock","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2212-4007","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of London","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04cw6st05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peter C Gøtzsche","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2108-7016","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cochrane","sameAs":"https://ror.org/048ztsn21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Vandenbroucke","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5668-6716","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Leiden University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xvt9f17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"for the STROBE Initiative"},{"@type":"Person","name":"STROBE Initiative"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M J Egger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8886-7837","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Utah Department of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/034de1n65"}}],"datePublished":"2007-10-19","abstract":"Much biomedical research is observational. The reporting of such research is often inadequate, which hampers the assessment of its strengths and weaknesses and of a study's generalisability. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) Initiative developed recommendations on what should be included in an accurate and complete report of an observational study. We defined the scope of the recommendations to cover three main study designs: cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies. We convened a 2-day workshop in September 2004, with methodologists, researchers, and journal editors to draft a checklist of items. This list was subsequently revised during several meetings of the coordinating group and in e-mail discussions with the larger group of STROBE contributors, taking into account empirical evidence and methodological considerations. The workshop and the subsequent iterative process of consultation and revision resulted in a checklist of 22 items (the STROBE Statement) that relate to the title, abstract, introduction, methods, results, and discussion sections of articles. 18 items are common to all three study designs and four are specific for cohort, case-control, or cross-sectional studies. A detailed Explanation and Elaboration document is published separately and is freely available on the Web sites of PLoS Medicine, Annals of Internal Medicine, and Epidemiology. We hope that the STROBE Statement will contribute to improving the quality of reporting of observational studies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"PLoS Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"e296","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0040296","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21092368"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1371/journal.pmed.0040296"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17941714"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q21092368"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/anticonceptive-drug-use-and-increased-carotid-and-femoral-plaque-prevalence-popu-recfcnsbrbyvnlflb/","name":"Abstract 3614: Anticonceptive Drug Use And Increased Carotid and Femoral Plaque Prevalence: Population Data From Asklepios","headline":"Abstract 3614: Anticonceptive Drug Use And Increased Carotid and Femoral Plaque Prevalence: Population Data From Asklepios","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/anticonceptive-drug-use-and-increased-carotid-and-femoral-plaque-prevalence-popu-recfcnsbrbyvnlflb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Buyzere MD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marc De Buyzere","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1277-1083","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ghent Univ, Gent, Belgium; On Behalf of the Asklepiosa Investigators"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Baquer DD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dirk De Baquer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ghent University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cv9y106"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Backer GD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Guy De Backer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1660-1623","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ghent University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cv9y106"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sofie Bekaert","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5716-4896","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ghent Univ, Gent, Belgium","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cv9y106"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peter Cassiman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Association of Primary Care Physicians Asklepios VOF, Nieuwerkerken-Aalst, Belgium"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thierry Gillebert","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3832-919X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ghent University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cv9y106"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ernst Rietzschel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8422-177X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ghent Univ, Gent, Belgium","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cv9y106"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Segers","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3870-3409","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ghent Univ, Gent, Belgium","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cv9y106"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pascal Verdonck","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ghent University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cv9y106"}}],"datePublished":"2007-10-16","abstract":"Purpose: Combination therapy with the female hormones estrogen (E) and progestins are very frequently used with approximately 100 million women worldwide taking oral contraceptives (OC). Recent trials have cast doubt on the cardiovascular safety of hormonal replacement therapy (HRT). In contrast to the HRT-controversy, little attention has been focused on OC, a therapy using 10 –100 fold higher levels of E than HRT. We describe population correlates of long-term OC use.\n\nMethods: The Asklepios study is a representative sample (2524 M/F volunteers, 35–55 years) from the Belgian general population free from overt cardiovascular disease. Vascular echography of the carotid and femoral arteries was systematically performed and atherosclerosis was defined by presence of carotid or femoral plaque.\n\nResults: Of 1301 women (median age 45.7 y), 27.4% were taking OC and 10.0% were taking HRT. In contrast, past OC-use is far more prevalent: 81% of women having taken OC for at least 1 year, with a median exposition of 13 years. After multivariate adjustment for age, smoking, blood pressure, lipids, obesity, diabetes, physical activity, fruit, vegetable and alcohol intake, educational level and drug therapy (lipid-lowering, antihypertensive, aspirin), use of OC was associated with a significant increase in carotid or femoral unilateral plaque. Odds ratio’s (OR) per 10 years of OC exposure were: carotid plaque 1.17 (1.00 –1.33) and femoral plaque 1.28 (1.10 –1.47). We also looked at prevalence of bilateral disease (involvement of right and left carotid/femoral artery) as a more stringent phenotype of atherosclerosis. OR per 10 years OC exposure were: carotid plaque 1.42 (1.03–1.84); femoral plaque 1.34 (1.05–1.63).\n\nInterpretation : Use of contraceptive therapy is very common and associated with an unexpected increase in the prevalence of carotid and femoral atherosclerosis in otherwise young, apparently healthy women. Our data suggest a 20 –30% increased prevalence of plaque in the carotid and femoral arteries per 10 years of OC exposure. In the light of widespread (>80% of our population sample; > 100 million women globally) and usually prolonged OC use (>10 years) these results suggest OC use could be an important factor in the global atherosclerotic burden.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"116","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"suppl_16","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Circulation"}}},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1161/circ.116.suppl_16.II_820","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1161/circ.116.suppl_16.II_820"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-osteoporosis-care-gap-in-men-with-fragility-fractures-the-canadian-multicent-recwnmr6ahf3xv0tq/","name":"The osteoporosis care gap in men with fragility fractures: the Canadian  Multicentre Osteoporosis Study","headline":"The osteoporosis care gap in men with fragility fractures: the Canadian  Multicentre Osteoporosis Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-osteoporosis-care-gap-in-men-with-fragility-fractures-the-canadian-multicent-recwnmr6ahf3xv0tq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandra Papaioannou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9412-0932","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C C Kennedy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2747-3268"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Ioannidis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6956-5737","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yiyuan Gao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6421-1251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chongqing Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/017z00e58"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A M Sawka","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4152-5578","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton","sameAs":"https://ror.org/009z39p97"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alan Tenenhouse","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert G Josse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-6264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nancy Kreiger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tassos Anastassiades","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5805-0364","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Hanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1406-4251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Shawn Davison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8123-7680","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Pickard","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Joseph's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02cmyty27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Kaiser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4947-4571","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W P Olszynski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2834-8645","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Saskatchewan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63"}}],"datePublished":"2007-10-10","abstract":"We examined osteoporosis diagnosis/treatment in 2,187 community dwelling men age 50+. After five years in the study, 90% of men with fragility fractures remained undiagnosed and untreated for osteoporosis. The need to treat fragility fractures is well established in guidelines, and these numbers represent an important care gap.\nIntroduction: Whether physicians in the community are recognizing and appropriately treating osteoporosis and fragility fractures in men remains unknown. We examined the rate of diagnosis and treatment in community dwelling men participating in the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos).\n\nMethods: Between February 1996 and September 2002, 2,187 participants were recruited from nine sites across Canada and prospectively followed. Information on osteoporosis diagnosis, fractures, medications were collected annually by a detailed questionnaire. DXA examination of lumbar spine (L1-4) and hip were conducted at baseline and year five.\n\nResults: Diagnosis and treatment in men with clinical fragility fractures was low: at baseline and year five only 2.3% and 10.3% of men with a clinical fracture reported an osteoporosis diagnosis, respectively. At year five, 90% of men with a clinical fragility fracture were untreated. Hip fractures were the most commonly treated (37.5% by year five). A diagnosis of osteoporosis resulted in greater treatment: 67% of participants with diagnosed osteoporosis were treated with a bisphosphonate and 87% were taking calcium and/or vitamin D (year five).\n\nConclusions: In this population-based study, both a diagnostic and therapeutic gap existed between knowledge and practice related to fragility fractures and osteoporosis in men aged >or=50 years.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Osteoporosis International : a Journal Established As Result of Cooperation  Between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis  Foundation of the USA"}}},"pageStart":"581","pageEnd":"587","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-007-0483-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37407722"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00198-007-0483-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17924051"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37407722"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/proximal-tubal-disease-the-place-for-tubal-cannulation-j9p2zgny/","name":"Proximal tubal disease: the place for tubal cannulation","headline":"Proximal tubal disease: the place for tubal cannulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/proximal-tubal-disease-the-place-for-tubal-cannulation-j9p2zgny/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Soumen Das","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4029-0685","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ysvbp68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nardo LG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Seif MW"}],"datePublished":"2007-10-01","abstract":"Tubal disease is the cause of subfertility in approximately 30% of women, and 10-25% of these are due to proximal tubal obstruction. False-positive diagnosis of proximal tubal obstruction can be as high as 50%. A decrease in expertise in tubal microsurgery has resulted largely from the use of IVF as the treatment option for most causes of infertility and more specifically for tubal factor infertility. Selective salpingography and tubal cannulation have a unique role in the management of tubal infertility and should be offered to selected candidates prior to IVF. Tubal cannulation can be used effectively to restore patency in a proportion of cases of proximal tubal obstruction thus avoiding the need for expensive assisted reproductive techniques. This review examines the evidence supporting the effectiveness of tubal cannulation and aims to enhance awareness of the procedure as an option for the management of female subfertility secondary to isolated proximal tubal obstruction.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproductive BioMedicine Online"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s1472-6483(10)60362-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36956951"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s1472-6483(10)60362-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17908398"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36956951"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/contraceptive-discontinuation-attributed-to-method-dissatisfaction-in-the-united-recar4klm0syrl1lk/","name":"Contraceptive discontinuation attributed to method dissatisfaction in the United  States","headline":"Contraceptive discontinuation attributed to method dissatisfaction in the United  States","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/contraceptive-discontinuation-attributed-to-method-dissatisfaction-in-the-united-recar4klm0syrl1lk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Caroline Moreau","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8637-6249","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Princeton University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hx57361"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kelly Cleland","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9966-1260","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Princeton University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hx57361"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"James Trussell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1417-7849","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Princeton University; Office of Population research; Wallaca Hall Princeton New Jersey USA NJ 08544","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hx57361"}}],"datePublished":"2007-09-29","abstract":"Background: This study examines contraceptive discontinuation due to method dissatisfaction among women in the United States.\n\nStudy Design: The study population, drawn from the 2002 National Survey of Family Growth, consisted of 6724 women (15-44 years of age) who had ever used a reversible contraceptive method. We first estimated the overall proportion of women who had ever discontinued their contraceptive due to dissatisfaction. We then calculated method-specific discontinuation risks due to dissatisfaction and analyzed the reasons for dissatisfaction given by women who had ever stopped using Norplant, Depo-Provera, oral contraceptives or condoms.\n\nResults: Overall, 46% of women had ever discontinued at least one method because they were unsatisfied with it. Dissatisfaction-related discontinuation risks varied widely by method: the diaphragm and cervical cap showed the highest proportions of such discontinuation (52%), followed by long-acting hormonal methods (42%). Oral contraceptives were associated with an intermediate risk of dissatisfaction-related discontinuation (29%), while condoms had the lowest risk (12%).\n\nConclusion: A broader understanding of women's concerns and experiences using contraception could help health care providers redesign counseling strategies to improve contraceptive continuation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"76","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"267","pageEnd":"272","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2007.06.008","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46978053"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.contraception.2007.06.008"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17900435"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46978053"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evidence-of-subpopulations-with-different-levels-of-insulin-resistance-in-women--rechz7yhqlvkbhz0p/","name":"Evidence of subpopulations with different levels of insulin resistance in women  with polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"Evidence of subpopulations with different levels of insulin resistance in women  with polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evidence-of-subpopulations-with-different-levels-of-insulin-resistance-in-women--rechz7yhqlvkbhz0p/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jorge L Alvarado","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9241-2066","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ana M Salgado","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3457-3766","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Manuel E Cortés","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0845-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x0xhn70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patricio H Contreras","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4258-2454","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fundación Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04nvpdc40"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Godoy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4093-5997","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}}],"datePublished":"2007-09-27","abstract":"Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is non-uniformly associated with insulin resistance (IR). We examined IR in women with PCOS.\n\nMethods: Sixty-nine PCOS women were subjected to the insulin suppression test (IST) to determine their steady-state plasma glucose (SSPG) as a direct measure of insulin sensitivity.\n\nResults: SSPG exhibited a multimodal distribution suggesting the existence of subpopulations. The heterogeneous distribution of plasma glucose at 180 min (P = 0.011), with three modes, suggested differences in the plasma glucose level trajectories during the IST. Hence, the population was separated into three groups: (i) (n = 33), subjects with SSPG < or = 152.5 mg/dl, corresponding to the first to fifth deciles; (ii) (n = 29), subjects in the interval 152.5 mg/dl < SSPG < or = 300 mg/dl; (iii) (n = 7), subjects with SSPG > 300 mg/dl, corresponding to the tenth decile. Plasma glucose distributions at 180 min showed differences in their mean values and ranges among groups (P < 0.0001). The trajectories of the groups differed significantly during the IST (P < 0.0001).\n\nConclusions: insulin sensitivity in our patients exhibited a discontinuous distribution, implying that PCOS is a heterogeneous disorder possessing subpopulations regarding IR.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"2974","pageEnd":"2980","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dem302","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46982128"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/dem302"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17895281"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46982128"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptives-and-survival-in-breast-cancer-patients-aged-20-to-54-years-recwisuhzibzoired/","name":"Oral contraceptives and survival in breast cancer patients aged 20 to 54 years","headline":"Oral contraceptives and survival in breast cancer patients aged 20 to 54 years","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptives-and-survival-in-breast-cancer-patients-aged-20-to-54-years-recwisuhzibzoired/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Katrina F Trivers","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5771-3931","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, NE, MS K-52, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA. ktrivers@cdc.gov"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marilie D Gammon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1004-3106","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Page E Abrahamson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7518-8181","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Epidemiology and Departments of"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patricia G Moorman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2978-6495","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duke University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04bct7p84"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jay S Kaufman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1606-401X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Epidemiology and Departments of"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jianwen Cai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0620-3795","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peggy L Porter","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8271-401X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fred Hutch Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007ps6h72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Louise A Brinton","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3853-8562","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Cancer Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ralph J Coates","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J William Eley","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Emory University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elaine W Flagg","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Surveillance and Epidemiology Branch, Divisions of Global Migration and Quarantine and"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Jo Lund","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Emory University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43"}}],"datePublished":"2007-09-15","abstract":"Recent oral contraceptive (OC) use is associated with modestly higher breast cancer incidence among younger women, but its impact on survival is unclear. This study examined the relationship between OC use before breast cancer diagnosis and survival. A population-based sample of 1,264 women aged 20 to 54 years with a first primary invasive breast cancer during 1990 to 1992 were followed up for 8 to 10 years. OC and covariate data were obtained by interviews conducted shortly after diagnosis and from medial records. All-cause mortality was ascertained through the National Death Index (n = 292 deaths). Ageand income-adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated by Cox regression methods. All-cause mortality was not associated with ever use of OCs or duration of use. Compared with nonusers, mortality estimates were elevated among women who were using OCs at diagnosis or stopped use in the previous year (HR, 1.57; 95% CI, 0.95-2.61). The HR for use of high-dose estrogen pills within 5 years before diagnosis was double that of nonusers (HR, 2.39; 95% CI, 1.29-4.41) or, if the most recent pill included the progestin levonorgestrel, compared with nonusers (HR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.03-3.91). Because subgroup estimates were based on small numbers of OC users, these results should be cautiously interpreted. Overall, most aspects of OC use did not seem to influence survival, although there is limited evidence that OC use just before diagnosis, particularly use of some pill types, may negatively impact survival in breast cancer patients aged 20 to 54 years.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention : a Publication of the American  Association for Cancer Research, Cosponsored by the American Society of  Preventive Oncology"}}},"pageStart":"1822","pageEnd":"1827","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-07-0053","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64128006"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-07-0053"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17855700"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q64128006"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/thigh-abscess-mistaken-for-sarcoma-following-transobturator-tape-a-case-report-a-recy4gjulhimfcmjs/","name":"Thigh abscess mistaken for sarcoma following transobturator tape: a case report  and literature review","headline":"Thigh abscess mistaken for sarcoma following transobturator tape: a case report  and literature review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/thigh-abscess-mistaken-for-sarcoma-following-transobturator-tape-a-case-report-a-recy4gjulhimfcmjs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrew I. Sokol","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6040-3141","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"MedStar Washington Hospital Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ry42w04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cheryl B. Iglesia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1081-5046","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"MedStar Washington Hospital Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ry42w04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brianna Walton","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2684-2084","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"MedStar Washington Hospital Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ry42w04"}}],"datePublished":"2007-09-13","abstract":"A 44-year-old female, 1 year status-post ObTape transobturator mid-urethral sling, was evaluated by orthopaedic oncology and urology for persistent thigh pain and a left thigh mass. Multiple muscle biopsies were inconclusive, raising concern for inflammatory sarcoma. After serial débridements of the thigh abscess, sling material was found in the obturator space, which gave the diagnosis. Health care providers, both gynecologic and nongynecologic, need to be aware of serious complications of transobturator slings that may present in atypical ways.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"657","pageEnd":"659","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2007.04.012","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36937514"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jmig.2007.04.012"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17848332"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36937514"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/interstitial-cystitis-and-systemic-autoimmune-diseases-recmfldj6q2594dta/","name":"Interstitial cystitis and systemic autoimmune diseases","headline":"Interstitial cystitis and systemic autoimmune diseases","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/interstitial-cystitis-and-systemic-autoimmune-diseases-recmfldj6q2594dta/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joop P van de Merwe","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9315-599X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Departments of Immunology and Internal Medicine, Dr Molewaterplein 50, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. email@jpvandemerwe.nl"}}],"datePublished":"2007-09-08","abstract":"The cause of interstitial cystitis, a chronic disease that affects the bladder, is unknown. Autoantibodies, such as those against nuclear and bladder epithelium antigens, have been found in patients with interstitial cystitis, but these are likely to be secondary to the disease. No data support a direct causal role of autoimmune reactivity in the pathogenesis of interstitial cystitis. Indirect evidence, however, does support a possible autoimmune nature of interstitial cystitis, such as the strong female preponderance and the clinical association between interstitial cystitis and other known autoimmune diseases within patients and families. The strongest association occurs between interstitial cystitis and Sjögren's syndrome. Increasing evidence suggests a possible role of autoantibodies to the muscarinic M3 receptor in Sjögren's syndrome. The M3 receptor is also located on the detrusor muscle cells of the bladder and mediates cholinergic contraction of the urinary bladder and other smooth muscle tissues. Autoantibodies to the M3 receptor might be important in both the early noninflammatory and the late inflammatory features of interstitial cystitis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nature Clinical Practice. Urology"}}},"pageStart":"484","pageEnd":"491","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1038/ncpuro0874","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34682243"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/ncpuro0874"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17823601"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34682243"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/circadian-rhythms-sleep-and-the-menstrual-cycle-8bjd9x80/","name":"Circadian rhythms, sleep, and the menstrual cycle","headline":"Circadian rhythms, sleep, and the menstrual cycle","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/circadian-rhythms-sleep-and-the-menstrual-cycle-8bjd9x80/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Baker FC","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9602-6165"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Driver HS","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9971-5166"}],"datePublished":"2007-09-01","abstract":"Women with ovulatory menstrual cycles have a circadian rhythm superimposed on the menstrual-associated rhythm; in turn, menstrual events affect the circadian rhythm. In this paper, we review circadian rhythms in temperature, selected hormone profiles, and sleep-wake behavior in healthy women at different phases of the menstrual cycle. The effects on menstrual cycle rhythmicity of disrupted circadian rhythms, for example, with shiftwork and altered circadian rhythms in women with menstrual-related mood disturbances, are discussed. Compared to the follicular phase, in the post-ovulation luteal phase, body temperature is elevated, but the amplitude of the temperature rhythm is reduced. Evidence indicates that the amplitude of other rhythms, such as melatonin and cortisol, may also be blunted in the luteal phase. Subjective sleep quality is lowest around menses, but the timing and composition of sleep remains relatively stable across the menstrual cycle in healthy women, apart from an increase in spindle frequency activity and a minor decrease in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep during the luteal phase. Disruption of circadian rhythms is associated with disturbances in menstrual function. Female shiftworkers compared to non-shiftworkers are more likely to report menstrual irregularity and longer menstrual cycles. There also is accumulating evidence that circadian disruption increases the risk of breast cancer in women, possibly due to altered light exposure and reduced melatonin secretion. Further investigations into the biological consequences of circadian disruption in women will offer insight into some menstrual-associated disorders, including mood changes, as well as reproductive function and possible links with breast cancer.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Sleep medicine"}}},"pageStart":"613","pageEnd":"22","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2006.09.011","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36769604"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.sleep.2006.09.011"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17383933"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36769604"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-contraceptive-use-herpes-simplex-virus-infection-and-risk-of-hiv-1-acqu-recmataoayb5ofixw/","name":"Hormonal contraceptive use, herpes simplex virus infection, and risk of HIV-1  acquisition among Kenyan women","headline":"Hormonal contraceptive use, herpes simplex virus infection, and risk of HIV-1  acquisition among Kenyan women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-contraceptive-use-herpes-simplex-virus-infection-and-risk-of-hiv-1-acqu-recmataoayb5ofixw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jared M Baeten","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8242-8438","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Scott McClelland","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2574-4201","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Seattle University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jqc0m91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jeckoniah Ndinya‐Achola","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Nairobi","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y9nww90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Walter Jaoko","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7134-6581","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Nairobi","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y9nww90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Julie Overbaugh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0239-9444","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fred Hutch Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007ps6h72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarah Benki"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vrasha Chohan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Nairobi","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y9nww90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ludo Lavreys","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Nairobi","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y9nww90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kishorchandra Mandaliya"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jeckoniah O Ndinya-Achola"}],"datePublished":"2007-08-11","abstract":"Background: Studies of the effect of hormonal contraceptive use on the risk of HIV-1 acquisition have generated conflicting results. A recent study from Uganda and Zimbabwe found that women using hormonal contraception were at increased risk for HIV-1 if they were seronegative for herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), but not if they were HSV-2 seropositive.\n\nObjective: To explore the effect of HSV-2 infection on the relationship between hormonal contraception and HIV-1 in a high-risk population. Hormonal contraception has previously been associated with increased HIV-1 risk in this population.\n\nMethods: Data were from a prospective cohort study of 1206 HIV-1 seronegative sex workers from Mombasa, Kenya who were followed monthly. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards analyses were used to adjust for demographic and behavioral measures and incident sexually transmitted diseases.\n\nResults: : Two hundred and thirty-three women acquired HIV-1 (8.7/100 person-years). HSV-2 prevalence (81%) and incidence (25.4/100 person-years) were high. In multivariate analysis, including adjustment for HSV-2, HIV-1 acquisition was associated with use of oral contraceptive pills [adjusted hazard ratio (HR), 1.46; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.00-2.13] and depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (adjusted HR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.28-2.34). The effect of contraception on HIV-1 susceptibility did not differ significantly between HSV-2 seronegative versus seropositive women. HSV-2 infection was associated with elevated HIV-1 risk (adjusted HR, 3.58; 95% CI, 1.64-7.82).\n\nConclusions: In this group of high-risk African women, hormonal contraception and HSV-2 infection were both associated with increased risk for HIV-1 acquisition. HIV-1 risk associated with hormonal contraceptive use was not related to HSV-2 serostatus.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"AIDS (London, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1771","pageEnd":"1777","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0b013e328270388a","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38877629"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/QAD.0b013e328270388a"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17690576"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38877629"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/translation-of-an-efficacious-cancer-screening-intervention-to-women-enrolled-in-recfaue77s6jgcwki/","name":"Translation of an efficacious cancer-screening intervention to women enrolled in  a Medicaid managed care organization","headline":"Translation of an efficacious cancer-screening intervention to women enrolled in  a Medicaid managed care organization","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/translation-of-an-efficacious-cancer-screening-intervention-to-women-enrolled-in-recfaue77s6jgcwki/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan N Tobin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4722-539X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05cf8a891"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrea Cassells","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5579-0298","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Clinical Directors Network","sameAs":"https://ror.org/031acn267"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christina M Robinson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6879-7026","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dartmouth Psychiatric Research Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02td3ps96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karina Romero"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ann Barry Flood","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4035-3084","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dartmouth College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/049s0rh22"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael L Beach","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dartmouth College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/049s0rh22"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Allen J Dietrich","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dartmouth College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/049s0rh22"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Meredith Reh"}],"datePublished":"2007-08-01","abstract":"Purpose: An earlier randomized controlled trial of prevention care management (PCM) found significant improvement in breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer-screening rates among women attending Community Health Centers but required substantial research support. This study evaluated the impact of a streamlined PCM delivered through a Medicaid managed care organization (MMCO), an infrastructure with the potential to sustain this program for the long term.\n\nMethods: This randomized trial was conducted within an MMCO serving New York City between May 2005 and December 2005. A total of 1,316 women aged 40 to 69 years and not up to date for at least 1 targeted cancer-screening test were randomized to either PCM or a comparison group. Women in the PCM group received up to 3 scripted telephone calls to identify barriers and provide support to obtain any needed breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer-screening tests. Women in the comparison group received a modified version of the MMCO's established mammography telephone outreach program, also in up to 3 calls. Women in both groups received a financial incentive on confirmation that they had received a mammogram. Screening status was assessed through MMCO administrative data. Groups were compared using odds ratios.\n\nResults: In an intent-to-treat comparison adjusted for baseline screening status, PCM women were 1.69 times more likely to be up-to-date for colorectal cancer-screening tests at follow-up than women in the comparison group (95% confidence interval, 1.03-2.77). Follow-up screening rates for cervical and breast cancer did not differ significantly between study groups on an intent-to-treat basis.\n\nConclusions: The abbreviated PCM telephone intervention was feasible to deliver through an MMCO and improved screening for 1 cancer. This approach has the potential to improve cancer-screening rates significantly in settings that can provide telephone support to women known to be overdue.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Annals of Family Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"320","pageEnd":"327","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.701","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35916935"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1370/afm.701"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17664498"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35916935"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/contemporary-risks-of-maternal-morbidity-and-adverse-outcomes-with-increasing-ma-ldgb45vt/","name":"Contemporary risks of maternal morbidity and adverse outcomes with increasing maternal age and plurality","headline":"Contemporary risks of maternal morbidity and adverse outcomes with increasing maternal age and plurality","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/contemporary-risks-of-maternal-morbidity-and-adverse-outcomes-with-increasing-ma-ldgb45vt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Luke B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brown MB"}],"datePublished":"2007-08-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the risks of pregnancy complications and adverse outcomes associated with increasing maternal age and higher plurality.\n\nDESIGN: Population-based, historic cohort study.\n\nSETTING: US birth certificates and infant death certificates.\n\nPATIENT(S): Live births of > or =20 weeks gestation between 1995-2000: 22,991,306 singleton, 316,696 twin, and 12,193 triplet pregnancies.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): None.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Pregnancy-associated hypertension, incompetent cervix, tocolysis, premature rupture of membranes, excessive bleeding at delivery, delivery <29 weeks, and infant death.\n\nRESULT(S): Compared to singletons, the risks for all adverse outcomes among multiple pregnancies were significantly elevated, and were highest for tocolysis, delivery <29 weeks, and infant mortality. Within pluralities, increasing maternal age was associated with significantly higher risks of pregnancy-associated hypertension, excessive bleeding, and incompetent cervix, but for twin and triplet pregnancies, significantly lower risks for tocolysis (ages > or =40, singleton adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 0.97, twin AOR 0.67, triplet AOR 0.72), delivery <29 weeks (ages > or =40, singleton AOR 1.55, twin AOR 0.72, triplet AOR 0.52), and infant mortality (ages > or =40, singleton AOR 1.34, twin AOR 0.71, triplet AOR 0.42).\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Older maternal age and higher plurality are each associated with increasing risks for many pregnancy complications, but with significantly lower risks of tocolysis, early preterm birth, and infant mortality.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"88","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"283","pageEnd":"93","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.11.008","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35956665"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.11.008"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17258214"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35956665"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fragility-fractures-and-bone-mineral-density-in-hiv-positive-women-a-case-contro-reci9bhje5i9me34r/","name":"Fragility fractures and bone mineral density in HIV positive women: a case-control population-based study","headline":"Fragility fractures and bone mineral density in HIV positive women: a case-control population-based study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fragility-fractures-and-bone-mineral-density-in-hiv-positive-women-a-case-contro-reci9bhje5i9me34r/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D. Burdge"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Evelyn J Maan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5930-3514","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"B.C. Women's Hospital & Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c4nx247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard Milner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9085-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"B.C. Women's Hospital & Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c4nx247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Catherine Hankins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1642-8592","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"United Nations","sameAs":"https://ror.org/006kxhp52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marina B. Klein","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3063-8430","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sharon Walmsley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3959-5692","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}}],"datePublished":"2007-07-31","abstract":"This Canadian study of bone health showed that HIV+ women were more likely to have had fragility fractures (OR 1.7) but had BMD values that were not different than women from a national population-based cohort.\nIntroduction: Given that 17.5 million women globally are HIV-infected and living longer on anti-retroviral therapy (ART+), it is essential to determine whether they are at risk for osteoporosis as is currently assumed.\n\nMethods: Assessment of osteoporosis risk factors and lifetime low-trauma (fragility) fracture history used a common interviewer-administered questionnaire and phantom-adjusted bone mineral density (BMD). This study compared HIV+ Canadian women with ageand region-matched control women (1:3) from a national population-based study of osteoporosis.\n\nResults: One hundred and thirty-eight HIV+ women (100 ART+, 38 ART-) were compared with 402 controls. There were no differences in age (37.7 vs. 38.0 years), BMI (25.0 vs. 26.2), family history of osteoporosis, exercise history, alcohol or calcium intakes, age at menarche, oral contraceptive use or parity. HIV+ cases included more Aboriginal and Black women (12.5% and 16.2 vs. 2% and 1%, respectively), smoked and used injection drugs (53%) more, were more often treated with glucocorticoids, had oligomenorrhea, and reported 10-kg weight cycling. Significantly more HIV+ women reported lifetime fragility fractures (26.1% vs. 17.3; OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.1, 2.6). HIV+ and control women did not differ in BMD: spine 1.0 +/- 0.12 vs.1.0 +/- 0.14 g/cm(2) (diff. 0.0, 95% CI -0.27, 0.27) or total femur 0.91 +/- 0.15 vs. 0.93 +/- 0.12 g/cm(2) (diff 0.02, 95% CI +0.005, -0.045).\n\nConclusion: HIV+ women reported significantly more past osteoporotic fractures than population-based controls despite normal BMD. Research is needed to assess bone microarchitecture and develop a reliable fracture risk assessment tool for HIV+ women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Osteoporos Int"}}},"pageStart":"1345","pageEnd":"1353","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-007-0428-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57902645"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00198-007-0428-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17665239"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q57902645"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-injected-and-implanted-contraceptives-and-breast-cancer-risk-among-us-hispa-recqb1lghmemccnuh/","name":"Oral, injected and implanted contraceptives and breast cancer risk among U.S.  Hispanic and non-Hispanic white women","headline":"Oral, injected and implanted contraceptives and breast cancer risk among U.S.  Hispanic and non-Hispanic white women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-injected-and-implanted-contraceptives-and-breast-cancer-risk-among-us-hispa-recqb1lghmemccnuh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Carol Sweeney","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1113-7160","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna R Giuliano","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5440-8859","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Moffitt Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01xf75524"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathy B Baumgartner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5274-9756","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Louisville","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ckdn478"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jennifer S Herrick","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-8843","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sandra L Edwards","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7183-0746","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Martha L Slattery","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1655-6543","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tim Byers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Colorado Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04cqn7d42"}}],"datePublished":"2007-07-28","abstract":"Associations between oral contraceptive (OC) use and breast cancer have been reported, but few studies have considered associations in racial and ethnic minorities. Data regarding injected or implanted hormonal contraceptives are limited. In a case-control study of Hispanic (796 cases, 919 controls) and non-Hispanic white (1,522 cases, 1,596 controls) women in the U.S. southwest interviewed in 2000-2005, 49% of Hispanic controls and 66% of non-Hispanic white controls reported having used OC. Breast cancer odds ratios (OR) associated with OC use within the past 5 years were 1.22 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.80, 1.84) among Hispanics, 1.28 (95% CI 0.93, 1.76) among non-Hispanic whites, 1.27 (95% CI 0.99, 1.63) for both ethnic groups combined and 1.53 (95% CI 0.98, 2.40) for estrogen receptor (ER) negative tumors. OC use for 20 years or longer was associated with ORs of 1.50 (95% CI 1.04, 2.17) for both ethnic groups combined, and 2.23 (95% CI 1.17, 4.25) for ER negative tumors. Hormonal contraceptive injections were used by 3.3% of Hispanic controls and 2.8% of non-Hispanic white controls, OR 1.23 (95% CI 0.88, 1.73). Fifteen cases and 2 controls reported use of a subdermal contraceptive implant, OR 8.59 (95% CI 1.92, 38.39). Associations between OC use and breast cancer in Hispanics are consistent with modestly increased risk among recent users and for ER negative tumors, as observed in other populations. Based on a small number of users of contraceptive implants, a significantly increased breast cancer risk was observed; continued surveillance of implant users may be warranted.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"121","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Cancer"}}},"pageStart":"2517","pageEnd":"2523","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.22970","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63431408"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/ijc.22970"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17657739"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q63431408"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/influences-of-hormone-based-contraception-on-depressive-symptoms-in-premenopausa-recebzmbxbmel0kwm/","name":"Influences of hormone-based contraception on depressive symptoms in premenopausal  women with major depression","headline":"Influences of hormone-based contraception on depressive symptoms in premenopausal  women with major depression","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/influences-of-hormone-based-contraception-on-depressive-symptoms-in-premenopausa-recebzmbxbmel0kwm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Elizabeth A Young","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8077-203X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anne T Harvey","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4630-5112","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Via Christi Regional Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01hj4y249"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephen R Wisniewski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3877-9860","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pittsburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jennifer L. Barkin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8364-4260","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pittsburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maurizio Fava","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8565-2811","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Madhukar H Trivedi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2983-1110","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05byvp690"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A John Rush","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2004-2382","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05byvp690"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan G Kornstein","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Virginia Commonwealth University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02nkdxk79"}}],"datePublished":"2007-07-17","abstract":"Objective: Hormone-based contraceptives affect mood in healthy women or in women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). No study has yet examined their association with mood in women with major depressive disorder (MDD). The purpose of this study was to determine whether estrogen-progestin combination or progestin-only contraceptives are associated with depression severity, function and quality of life, or general medical or psychiatric comorbidity in women with MDD.\n\nMethods: This analysis focused on a large population of female outpatients less than 40 years of age with non-psychotic MDD who were treated in 18 primary and 23 psychiatric care settings across the US, using data from the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STAR*D) study. Baseline demographic and clinical information was gathered and compared between three groups based on hormonal use: combination (estrogen-progestin)(N=232), progestin-only (N=58), and no hormone treatment (N=948).\n\nResults: Caucasians were significantly more likely to use combined hormone contraception. Women on progestin-only had significantly more general medical comorbidities; greater hypersomnia, weight gain and gastrointestinal symptoms; and worse physical functioning than women in either of the other groups. Those on combined hormone contraception were significantly less depressed than those with no hormone treatment by the 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self-Rated. The combined hormone group also demonstrated better physical functioning and less obsessive-compulsive disorder (COCD) comorbidity than either of the other groups.\n\nConclusions: Synthetic estrogen and progestins may influence depressive and physical symptoms in depressed women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"843","pageEnd":"853","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2007.05.013","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36178691"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.psyneuen.2007.05.013"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17629629"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36178691"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/changes-in-body-mass-index-in-canadians-over-a-five-year-period-results-of-a-pro-recnaqevuf3pq5lkq/","name":"Changes in body mass index in Canadians over a five-year period: results of a prospective, population-based study","headline":"Changes in body mass index in Canadians over a five-year period: results of a prospective, population-based study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/changes-in-body-mass-index-in-canadians-over-a-five-year-period-results-of-a-pro-recnaqevuf3pq5lkq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"W M Hopman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3162-8754","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kingston General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03zq81960"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"the CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cristine Leroux","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudie Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5499-2661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mark Harrison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5537-5147"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Poliquin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Coordinating Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fzvsb30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tanveer Towheed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8738-9394","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Rheumatology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rtaxr13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tassos Anastassiades","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5805-0364","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan I Barr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8701-7152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lawrence Joseph","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3321-0587","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}}],"datePublished":"2007-07-09","abstract":"Background: The initiation of the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study in 1996, and subsequent follow-up of the cohort 5 years later, provided longitudinal body mass index (BMI) data for a random sample of Canadians.\n\nMethods: Height and weight were measured at baseline and 5 years and used to calculate BMI and assign one of six weight categories. Multiple imputation was used to adjust for missing weight at year 5. Data were stratified by age and gender. The proportion of participants moving between categories was generated, and multivariable linear regression was used to identify factors associated with weight change.\n\nResults: Baseline data were available for 8548 participants, year 5 data for 6721, and year 5 weight was imputed for 1827 (17.6%). Mean BMI for every age and gender group exceeded healthy weight guidelines. Most remained within their BMI classification over 5 years, but when change occurred, BMI category was more likely to increase than decrease. Several sociodemographic, lifestyle and clinical characteristics were associated with change.\n\nConclusion: Mean baseline BMI tended to be higher than recommended. Moreover, on average, men under age 45 and women under age 55 were gaining approximately 0.45 kilograms (one pound) per year, which leveled off with increased age and reversed in the oldest age groups. These findings underscore the need for public health efforts aimed at combating obesity.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMC Public Health"}}},"pageStart":"150","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-7-150","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33290336"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/1471-2458-7-150"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17620129"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33290336"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/patterns-of-menstrual-disturbance-in-eating-disorders-d3o29gpd/","name":"Patterns of menstrual disturbance in eating disorders","headline":"Patterns of menstrual disturbance in eating disorders","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/patterns-of-menstrual-disturbance-in-eating-disorders-d3o29gpd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Poyastro Pinheiro A, Thornton LM, Plotonicov KH, Tozzi F, Klump KL, Berrettini WH, Brandt H, Crawford S, Crow S, Fichter MM, Goldman D, Halmi KA, Johnson C, Kaplan AS, Keel P, LaVia M, Mitchell J, Rotondo A, Strober M, Treasure J, Woodside DB, Von Holle A, Hamer R, Kaye WH, Bulik CM"}],"datePublished":"2007-07-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To describe menstrual disturbance in eating disorders (ED).\n\nMETHOD: We describe menstrual history in 1,705 women and compare eating, weight, and psychopathological traits across menstrual groups.\n\nRESULTS: Menstrual dysfunction occurred across all eating disorder subtypes. Individuals with normal menstrual history and primary amenorrhea reported the highest and lowest lifetime body mass index (BMI), respectively. Normal menstruation and oligomenorrhea groups reported greater binge eating, vomiting, and appetite suppressant use. Amenorrhea was associated with lower caloric intake and higher exercise. Harm avoidance, novelty seeking, perfectionism, and obsessionality discriminated among menstrual status groups. No differences in comorbid Axis I and II disorders were observed.\n\nCONCLUSION: Menstrual dysfunction is not limited to any eating disorder subtype. BMI, caloric intake, and exercise were strongly associated with menstrual function. Menstrual status is not associated with comorbidity. Menstrual irregularity is an associated feature of all ED rather than being restricted to AN only.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"40","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The International journal of eating disorders"}}},"pageStart":"424","pageEnd":"34","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.20388","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51915061"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/eat.20388"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17497704"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q51915061"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/treatment-of-menorrhagia-qgiahjg2/","name":"Treatment of menorrhagia","headline":"Treatment of menorrhagia","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/treatment-of-menorrhagia-qgiahjg2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Apgar BS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kaufman AH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"George-Nwogu U"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kittendorf A"}],"datePublished":"2007-06-15","abstract":"Menorrhagia is defined as excessive uterine bleeding occurring at regular intervals or prolonged uterine bleeding lasting more than seven days. The classic definition of menorrhagia (i.e., greater than 80 mL of blood loss per cycle) is rarely used clinically. Women describe the loss or reduction of daily activities as more important than the actual volume of bleeding. Routine testing of all women with menorrhagia for inherited coagulation disorders is unnecessary. Saline infusion sonohysteroscopy detects intracavitary abnormalities such as endometrial polyps or uterine leiomyoma and is less expensive and invasive than hysteroscopy. Endometrial biopsy is effective for diagnosing precancerous lesions and adenocarcinoma but not for intracavitary lesions. Except for continuous progestin, medical therapies are limited. The levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device is an effective therapy for women who want to preserve fertility and avoid surgery. Surgical therapies include endometrial ablation methods that preserve the uterus; and hysterectomy, which results in high satisfaction rates but with potential surgical morbidity. Overall, hysterectomy and endometrial ablation result in the greatest satisfaction rates if future childbearing is not desired. Treatment of menorrhagia results in substantial improvement in quality of life.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"75","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American family physician"}}},"pageStart":"1813","pageEnd":"9","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33290311","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17619523"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33290311"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/management-of-endometriosis-in-general-practice-the-pathway-to-diagnosis-recurprirmkh4mgdr/","name":"Management of endometriosis in general practice: the pathway to diagnosis","headline":"Management of endometriosis in general practice: the pathway to diagnosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/management-of-endometriosis-in-general-practice-the-pathway-to-diagnosis-recurprirmkh4mgdr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Zoë Pugsley","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Surrey","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ks66431"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen Ballard"}],"datePublished":"2007-06-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: The prevalence of endometriosis is estimated to be around 10%. Diagnosis is through visualisation of the lesions, mostly via laparoscopy. Studies reveal that there is an average delay in the diagnosis of endometriosis of between 8 and 12 years. Little is known about the reasons for delays in diagnosis women's experiences of primary care prior to diagnosis.\n\nAIM: To investigate women's experiences of endometriosis from first presentation to diagnosis.\n\nDESIGN OF STUDY: Retrospective analysis of data collected from primary care records in four general practices.\n\nSETTING: General practice in south-east England.\n\nMETHOD: Women with a Read Code diagnosis of endometriosis were recruited to the study. Details of consultations, investigations, and referrals related to endometriosis were recorded from the notes. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics.\n\nRESULTS: The prevalence of endometriosis in women aged over 16 years was 1.44%. A third of women had consulted their GP six or more times before being diagnosed. Ultrasound was frequently requested by GPs, but was helpful in diagnosing endometriosis in only 10.6% of women who underwent a scan. Thirty-nine per cent of women were referred to gynaecologists two or more times before a positive diagnosis was made. The median time from first presentation with symptoms to diagnosis was 9.0 years (interquartile range = 4.5-13.5 years).\n\nCONCLUSION: Repeated consultations and negative investigations contribute to a median delay of 9.0 years before diagnosis of endometriosis. Further research into GPs' interpretation of symptoms and patients' experiences of negative investigations and consultations may lead to a more positive outcome for women with this condition.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"57","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"539","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners"}}},"pageStart":"470","pageEnd":"6","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36144519","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17550672"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36144519"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-pilot-study-of-the-feasibility-of-long-term-human-bone-balance-during-perimeno-rec2iihpoua7ic8e9/","name":"A pilot study of the feasibility of long-term human bone balance during perimenopause using a 41Ca tracer","headline":"A pilot study of the feasibility of long-term human bone balance during perimenopause using a 41Ca tracer","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-pilot-study-of-the-feasibility-of-long-term-human-bone-balance-during-perimeno-rec2iihpoua7ic8e9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S.K. Hui","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7899-7264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hebrew University of Jerusalem","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03qxff017"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hui S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Johnson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4280-5715","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Paul","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5597-3465","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hebrew University of Jerusalem","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03qxff017"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brian C Lentle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6433-0509","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of RadiologyUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Z. Gelbart","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"TRIUMF","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03kgj4539"}}],"datePublished":"2007-06-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"259","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms"}}},"pageStart":"796","pageEnd":"800","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2007.02.003","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.nimb.2007.02.003"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-vaginal-lubricants-on-sperm-motility-and-chromatin-integrity-a-prospec-recgkfzhnez7qzqnp/","name":"Effect of vaginal lubricants on sperm motility and chromatin integrity: a prospective comparative study","headline":"Effect of vaginal lubricants on sperm motility and chromatin integrity: a prospective comparative study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-vaginal-lubricants-on-sperm-motility-and-chromatin-integrity-a-prospec-recgkfzhnez7qzqnp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ashok Agarwal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0900-6383","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cleveland Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xjacd83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marcello Cocuzza","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5465-4304","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cleveland Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xjacd83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert Short","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Washington State University Spokane","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vfs5h36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fnu Deepinder","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cleveland Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xjacd83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Donald P Evenson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5361-8299","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"South Dakota State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/015jmes13"}}],"datePublished":"2007-05-19","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of vaginal lubricants Pre-Seed, FemGlide, Astroglide, and Replens on human sperm motility and chromatin integrity.\n\nDESIGN: Prospective, comparative, in vitro study.\n\nSETTING: Andrology laboratory at tertiary care hospital.\n\nPATIENT(S): Thirteen normozoospermic donors.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Semen samples from 13 subjects were incubated in human tubal fluid media (HTF) controls and 10% (vol/vol) of Pre-Seed, FemGlide, Astroglide, and Replens lubricants. After 30 minutes, progressive sperm motility was assessed by light microscopy. Semen samples of 12 patients were placed in positive control (HTF), negative control (10% K-Y Jelly lubricant), and 10% vol/vol Pre-Seed and FemGlide lubricants. After 4 hours culture, spermatozoa were analyzed for percent DNA fragmentation index with use of the acridine orange-based sperm chromatin structure assay.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Sperm motility and percent DNA fragmentation index.\n\nRESULTS: Percent motility did not differ significantly between HTF controls and Pre-Seed, whereas FemGlide, Replens, and Astroglide lubricants demonstrated a significant decrease in motility. There was no significant difference in percent DNA fragmentation index between the HTF controls and Pre-Seed, but a significant decline in sperm chromatin quality occurred with FemGlide and K-Y Jelly.\n\nCONCLUSION: Pre-Seed does not cause a significant decrease in progressive sperm motility or chromatin integrity in contrast to other lubricants used by couples.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"89","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"375","pageEnd":"379","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.02.050","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51001533"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.02.050"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17509584"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q51001533"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-factors-for-early-age-at-breast-cancer-onset--the-cosa-program-population-b-rechs2ly6seldyffv/","name":"Risk factors for early age at breast cancer onset--the \"COSA program\"  population-based study","headline":"Risk factors for early age at breast cancer onset--the \"COSA program\"  population-based study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-factors-for-early-age-at-breast-cancer-onset--the-cosa-program-population-b-rechs2ly6seldyffv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Delort L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kwiatkowski F","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4041-3999"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chalabi N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Satih S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bignon YJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bernard-Gallon DJ"}],"datePublished":"2007-05-01","abstract":"Background: Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer in women in western countries. A number of risk factors are now known, but the etiology of the disease is not fully understood. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of reproductive, anthropometric and environmental factors on cancer onset. PATIENTS AND\n\nMethods: 934 women who developed a non-hereditary breast cancer were recruited from different hospitals in the Auvergne region (France) and completed a questionnaire.\n\nResults: The use of oral contraceptives (OC) increased the risk of early cancer development (odds ratio = 1.84, 95% confidence interval = 1.38-2.44). The age at first OC use appeared to be a major factor since the risk decreased when OC use was after the age of 23 years (odds ratio = 0.52, 95% confidence interval = 0.34-0.79). A duration of breast-feeding greater than 26 weeks decreased the risk of early cancer development (odds ratio = 0.62, 95% confidence interval = 0.39-0.97). No overall association was found with anthropometric or lifestyle factors and early age at breast cancer onset.\n\nConclusion: OC use, age at first OC use and lactation were significantly associated with an early age at breast cancer onset. Thus, a number of \"risk factors\" could be considered as \"early onset risk factors\".","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"27","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Anticancer Research"}}},"pageStart":"1087","pageEnd":"1094","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-is-associated-with-a-decreased-risk-of-pre-eclampsia-rec2who6pulzxsc2e/","name":"Endometriosis is associated with a decreased risk of pre-eclampsia","headline":"Endometriosis is associated with a decreased risk of pre-eclampsia","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-is-associated-with-a-decreased-risk-of-pre-eclampsia-rec2who6pulzxsc2e/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ivo Brosens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9762-2820"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Petra De Sutter","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8792-3814"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tjalina Hamerlynck","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8290-3101"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindita Imeraj","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0503-9388"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhan Yao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6139-3635"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jan J Brosens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0116-9329","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Imperial College London","sameAs":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brianna Cloke","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hammersmith Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05jg8yp15"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marc Dhont"}],"datePublished":"2007-04-25","abstract":"Background: We postulated that impaired endometrial differentiation in women with pelvic endometriosis predisposes for pre-eclampsia.\n\nMethods: A retrospective case-control study set at the University of Ghent IVF centre. The incidence of pre-eclampsia and pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) following the clinical and/or laparoscopic diagnosis of endometriosis-associated infertility (case group; n = 245 pregnancies) was compared with the incidence of these obstetric complications in pregnancies following treatment for male-factor infertility (control group; n = 274 pregnancies). Pregnancy data were obtained by searching electronic databases and postal questionnaires. The case and control groups were matched for age, parity and multiple pregnancies.\n\nResults: The incidence of pre-eclampsia was significantly lower in the case group (0.8%) when compared with control group (5.8%) (P = 0.002; odds ratio (OR) = 7.5, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.7-33.3). Analysis of obstetric outcome in the subgroup of patients with laparoscopic data confirmed the lower risk of pre-eclampsia in the case (1.2%) versus control (7.4%) groups (P = 0.032; OR = 6.6, 95% CI: 1.2-37). PIH occurred in 3.5% and 8.7% of case and control pregnancies, respectively (P = 0.018; OR = 2.6, 95% CI: 1.2-6.0). The odds of developing pre-eclampsia were 5.67 times higher in the control group than in pregnancies following endometriosis-associated infertility. In multiple pregnancies, the odds of developing pre-eclampsia increased 1.93 times per additional child, with or without endometriosis.\n\nConclusions: We found no evidence that endometriosis predisposes for pre-eclampsia. Instead, the risk of hypertensive disorder in pregnancy is significantly reduced in women with endometriosis-associated infertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1725","pageEnd":"1729","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dem072","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49055702"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/dem072"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17452394"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q49055702"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-length-of-the-fertile-window-is-associated-with-the-chance-of-spontaneously--rechymf6rpk5pxrps/","name":"The length of the fertile window is associated with the chance of spontaneously  conceiving an ongoing pregnancy in subfertile couples","headline":"The length of the fertile window is associated with the chance of spontaneously  conceiving an ongoing pregnancy in subfertile couples","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-length-of-the-fertile-window-is-associated-with-the-chance-of-spontaneously--rechymf6rpk5pxrps/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M J Keulers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands. m.keulers@haio.umcn.nl"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C J C M Hamilton","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7918-6617","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hamilton CJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Franx","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8801-5546","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Elisabeth-TweeSteden Ziekenhuis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gpfvy81"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J L H Evers","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8079-1436"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R S G M Bots"}],"datePublished":"2007-04-24","abstract":"The period in each menstrual cycle during which sexual intercourse can result in conception is called the \"fertile window\". Although the fertile window closes on the day of ovulation, little is known about the moment it opens. We defined the first day of normal sperm-mucus interaction as the opening of the fertile window. We hypothesized that length of the fertile window varies between couples and that the number of days the fertile window is \"open\" is related to the time to spontaneous conception. METHODS Serial post-coital tests and sperm-mucus penetration tests were performed to detect the first normal sperm-mucus interaction day. Ovulation was confirmed by serial ultrasound. Using Cox' regression analysis, we determined whether the fertile window length was associated with time to ongoing pregnancy. This association was expressed in fecundability ratios (FR). RESULTS The fertile window length was determined in 410 subfertile couples. The fertile window length varied among couples from <1 to >5 days. The FR increased with increasing fertile window length and varied between 0.11 (95% CI: 0.03-0.45) for a fertile window of 1 day, to 2.4 (95% CI: 1.1-5.2) for a fertile window of 5 days or more. CONCLUSIONS The longer the fertile window in subfertile couples, the higher is the probability of spontaneously conceiving an ongoing pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1652","pageEnd":"1656","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dem051","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80194636"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/dem051"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17449509"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q80194636"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-safety-of-a-drospirenone-containing-oral-contraceptive-final-results-from-th-recbmagl1a4wlt4ga/","name":"The safety of a drospirenone-containing oral contraceptive: final results from  the European Active Surveillance Study on oral contraceptives based on 142,475  women-years of observation","headline":"The safety of a drospirenone-containing oral contraceptive: final results from  the European Active Surveillance Study on oral contraceptives based on 142,475  women-years of observation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-safety-of-a-drospirenone-containing-oral-contraceptive-final-results-from-th-recbmagl1a4wlt4ga/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jürgen C. Dinger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Epidemiology and Health Research (ZEG), 10115 Berlin, Germany. dinger@zeg-berlin.de"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lothar A J Heinemann"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Heinemann, Lothar"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dörthe Kühl-Habich","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Syneos Health (Germany)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ahg0572"}}],"datePublished":"2007-04-17","abstract":"Objectives: The study was conducted to compare risks of adverse cardiovascular and other events associated with the use of drospirenone (DRSP)-containing oral contraceptives (OCs) and other OCs. METHODS AND MATERIALS: The European Active Surveillance study (EURAS) was a multinational, prospective, noninterventional cohort study of new users of DRSP, levonorgestrel (LNG) and other progestin-containing OCs. Semiannual follow-up was based on mailed questionnaires, with additional follow-up procedures when needed.\n\nResults: Overall, 58,674 women were followed for 142,475 women-years of observation. Loss to follow-up was 2.4%. Serious adverse and fatal events were rare, and rate ratios were close to unity (1.0). Cox regression analysis of cardiovascular outcomes yielded hazard ratios for DRSP-containing vs. LNG-containing and other OCs of 1.0 and 0.8 (upper 95% confidence limits, 1.8 and 1.3) for venous, and 0.3 and 0.3 (upper 95% confidence limits, 1.2 and 1.5) for arterial thromboembolism, respectively.\n\nConclusions: Risks of adverse cardiovascular and other serious events in users of a DRSP-containing OC are similar to those associated with the use of other OCs.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"75","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"344","pageEnd":"354","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2006.12.019","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52926547"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.contraception.2006.12.019"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17434015"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q52926547"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/medroxyprogesterone-and-conjugated-oestrogen-are-equivalent-for-hot-flushes-a-1--recnqu2deziloz36l/","name":"Medroxyprogesterone and conjugated oestrogen are equivalent for hot flushes: a  1-year randomized double-blind trial following premenopausal ovariectomy","headline":"Medroxyprogesterone and conjugated oestrogen are equivalent for hot flushes: a  1-year randomized double-blind trial following premenopausal ovariectomy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/medroxyprogesterone-and-conjugated-oestrogen-are-equivalent-for-hot-flushes-a-1--recnqu2deziloz36l/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ewoud ter Avest","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1462-6130","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Radboud University, Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anton F. H. Stalenhoef","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Radboud University Nijmegen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016xsfp80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacqueline de Graaf","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7662-9284","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Radboud University, Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Charmaine B Dean"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine L Hitchcock","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation Research, Division of Endocrinology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Nielsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4585-4192","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Statens Serum Institut","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0417ye583"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y M Vigna","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8840-192X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lucy A Williams","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4439-1887"}],"datePublished":"2007-04-11","abstract":"Oestrogen therapy is the gold standard treatment for hot flushes/night sweats, but it and oestrogen/progestin are not suitable for all women. MPA (medroxyprogesterone acetate) reduces hot flushes, but its effectiveness compared with oestrogen is unknown. In the present study, oral oestrogen [CEE (conjugated equine oestrogen)] and MPA were compared for their effects on hot flushes in a planned analysis of a secondary outcome for a 1-year randomized double-blind parallel group controlled trial in an urban academic medical centre. Participants were healthy menstruating women prior to hysterectomy/ovariectomy for benign disease. A total of 41 women {age, 45 (5) years [value is mean (S.D.)]} were enrolled; 38 women were included in this analysis of daily identical capsules containing CEE (0.6 mg/day) or MPA (10 mg/day). Demographic variables did not differ at baseline. Daily data provided the number of night and day flushes compared by group. The vasomotor symptom day-to-day intensity change was assessed by therapy assignment. Hot flushes/night sweats were well controlled in both groups, one occurred on average every third day and every fourth night. Mean/day daytime occurrences were 0.363 and 0.187 with CEE and MPA respectively, but were not significantly different (P=0.156). Night sweats also did not differ significantly (P=0.766). Therapies were statistically equivalent (within one event/24 h) in the control of vasomotor symptoms. Day-to-day hot flush intensity decreased with MPA and tended to remain stable with CEE (P<0.001). In conclusion, this analysis demonstrates that MPA and CEE are equivalent and effective in the control of the number of hot flushes/night sweats immediately following premenopausal ovariectomy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"112","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical Science (London, England : 1979)"}}},"pageStart":"517","pageEnd":"525","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1042/CS20060228","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39793032"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1042/CS20060228"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17419685"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39793032"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/injectable-progestin-contraceptive-use-and-risk-of-hiv-infection-in-a-south-african-family-planning-cohort-rec9rhh1dihlkelpb/","name":"Injectable progestin contraceptive use and risk of HIV infection in a South African family planning cohort","headline":"Injectable progestin contraceptive use and risk of HIV infection in a South African family planning cohort","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/injectable-progestin-contraceptive-use-and-risk-of-hiv-infection-in-a-south-african-family-planning-cohort-rec9rhh1dihlkelpb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Immo Kleinschmidt","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2422-9008","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00a0jsq62"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Helen Rees","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8521-4168","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of the Witwatersrand","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rp50x72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dawn K. Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3401-2598"},{"@type":"Person","name":"James McIntyre","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9150-1059","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Perinatal HIV Research Unit","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05j6xkp39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sinead Delany","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of the Witwatersrand","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rp50x72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Natalya Dinat","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Perinatal HIV Research Unit","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05j6xkp39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Busi Nkala","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of the Witwatersrand","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rp50x72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dawn Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2056-2196"}],"datePublished":"2007-04-05","abstract":"Objective: To investigate whether the incidence of HIV infection is higher among sexually active women using depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) or noresthisterone enanthate (NET-EN) injections for contraception than among women using nonhormonal or no contraception.\n\nMethods: Five hundred and fifty-one initially HIV-negative women were followed up for a total of 491 person-years. Participants were interviewed, counselled, examined, tested for HIV and other STIs, and treated, at three monthly intervals for 1 year.\n\nResults: There was no significant association between progestin contraceptive use and HIV infection (rate ratio 1.1, 95% CI 0.5 to 2.8; log-rank test, p=.73). In proportional hazards regression, the only significant hazard ratios for HIV acquisition were prevalent Neisseria gonorrhoea (5.2; 95% CI 1.1 to 23.7, p=.035) and Trichomonas vaginalis (4.8; 95% CI 1.0 to 22.8, p=.049); bacterial vaginosis was marginally significant (2.8; 95% CI 1.0 to 8.3, p=.057). The adjusted hazard ratios for NET-EN and DMPA were 1.76 (95% CI 0.64 to 4.84) and 0.46 (95% CI 0.06 to 3.79), respectively, relative to nonuse. Five hundred and twelve of 551 women had one or more confirmed STIs during the study.\n\nConclusions: There is no evidence of an association between HIV infection and injectable contraceptives. Due to the limited power of this study and because similar studies have not included young women using NET-EN, we recommend that further research be carried out to focus on the use of NET-EN and HIV acquisition in high risk groups.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"75","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"461","pageEnd":"467","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2007.02.002","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39140442"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.contraception.2007.02.002"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17519153"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39140442"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/psychological-impact-of-infertility-recqtsvvalo4z97kr/","name":"Psychological impact of infertility","headline":"Psychological impact of infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/psychological-impact-of-infertility-recqtsvvalo4z97kr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Tara M Cousineau","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8555-4859","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04drvxt59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alice D Domar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7397-8366","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04drvxt59"}}],"datePublished":"2007-04-01","abstract":"The inability to conceive children is experienced as a stressful situation by individuals and couples all around the world. The consequences of infertility are manifold and can include societal repercussions and personal suffering. Advances in assisted reproductive technologies, such as IVF, can offer hope to many couples where treatment is available, although barriers exist in terms of medical coverage and affordability. The medicalization of infertility has unwittingly led to a disregard for the emotional responses that couples experience, which include distress, loss of control, stigmatization, and a disruption in the developmental trajectory of adulthood. Evidence is emerging of an association between stress of fertility treatment and patient drop-out and pregnancy rates. Fortunately, psychological interventions, especially those emphasizing stress management and coping-skills training, have been shown to have beneficial effects for infertility patients. Further research is needed to understand the association between distress and fertility outcome, as well as effective psychosocial interventions.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Best practice & research. Clinical obstetrics & gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"293","pageEnd":"308","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2006.12.003","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34604840"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2006.12.003"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17241818"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34604840"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reproductive-and-menopausal-factors-and-risk-of-systemic-lupus-erythematosus-in--recsbfyxduovzmrwy/","name":"Reproductive and menopausal factors and risk of systemic lupus erythematosus in  women","headline":"Reproductive and menopausal factors and risk of systemic lupus erythematosus in  women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reproductive-and-menopausal-factors-and-risk-of-systemic-lupus-erythematosus-in--recsbfyxduovzmrwy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen H Costenbader","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8972-9388","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Diane Feskanich","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8180-8690","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Meir J Stampfer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8865-935X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elizabeth W Karlson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}}],"datePublished":"2007-03-30","abstract":"Objective: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) occurs predominantly in women, and hormones may play a role in its etiology. This study was carried out to examine associations between female reproductive and menopausal factors and the development of SLE.\n\nMethods: A cohort of 238,308 women was prospectively examined. Subjects were older women (ages 30-55 years at start) and younger women (ages 25-42 years at start) from the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and NHSII cohorts. Incident SLE diagnosed between 1976 and 2003 was confirmed by medical record review. The relative risk (RR) of SLE was estimated separately in each cohort using Cox proportional hazards models, and then pooled using meta-analysis random effects models.\n\nResults: Two hundred sixty-two incident cases of SLE were confirmed among the women. In multivariable models adjusted for reproductive and other risk factors, age<or=10 years at menarche (pooled RR 2.1, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.4-3.2), oral contraceptive use (pooled RR 1.5, 95% CI 1.1-2.1), and use of postmenopausal hormones (RR 1.9, 95% CI 1.2-3.1) significantly increased the risk of SLE. An elevation of SLE risk was observed among postmenopausal women primarily after surgical menopause (RR 2.3, 95% CI 1.2-4.5), and also among women with earlier age at natural menopause (P for trend<0.05). Menstrual irregularity was associated with an increased risk of SLE among women in the younger (NHSII) cohort. Age at first birth, parity, and total duration of breastfeeding were not associated with SLE.\n\nConclusion: Early age at menarche, oral contraceptive use, early age at menopause, surgical menopause, and postmenopausal use of hormones were each associated with an increased risk of SLE. These associations may point to the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of SLE.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"56","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Arthritis and Rheumatism"}}},"pageStart":"1251","pageEnd":"1262","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/art.22510","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36773713"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/art.22510"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17393454"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36773713"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-factors-for-breast-cancer-in-turkish-women-a-hospital-based-case-control-st-recexuvm0bkttu79c/","name":"Risk factors for breast cancer in Turkish women: a hospital-based case-control  study","headline":"Risk factors for breast cancer in Turkish women: a hospital-based case-control  study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-factors-for-breast-cancer-in-turkish-women-a-hospital-based-case-control-st-recexuvm0bkttu79c/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"N.K. BEJI"},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Reis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Atatürk University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03je5c526"}}],"datePublished":"2007-03-21","abstract":"The aim of this study was to investigate the association between risk factors and breast cancer in Turkish women. In a hospital-based case-control study in Istanbul, 405 patients with histologically confirmed breast cancer were compared with 1050 controls, who were admitted to different departments of the same hospital. Unadjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each risk factor were obtained from logistic regression analyses. Risk factors for breast cancer were found to be early menarche age (OR 3.87, 95% CI 2.46-6.08), use of alcohol (OR 3.87, 95% CI 1.79-8.37), history of diabetes (OR 3.31, 95% CI 2.36-4.64) or hypertension (OR 3.44, 95% CI 2.07-5.71), oral contraceptive use (OR 1.98, 95% CI 1.38-2.85) and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) use (OR 1.94, 95% CI 1.15-3.29). The findings of the present study indicated that history of diabetes or hypertension, use of alcohol, oral contraceptive and HRT, never having breastfed and delayed age at first birth associated with changing of lifestyle led to an increased risk of breast cancer in Turkish women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European Journal of Cancer Care"}}},"pageStart":"178","pageEnd":"184","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2354.2006.00711.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34610097"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1365-2354.2006.00711.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17371428"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34610097"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-of-cervical-mucus-observations-plus-electronic-hormonal-fertility-monit-recqrrhhbmbei4ide/","name":"Efficacy of cervical mucus observations plus electronic hormonal fertility  monitoring as a method of natural family planning","headline":"Efficacy of cervical mucus observations plus electronic hormonal fertility  monitoring as a method of natural family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-of-cervical-mucus-observations-plus-electronic-hormonal-fertility-monit-recqrrhhbmbei4ide/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Schneider","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8090-4971","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathleen Mary Raviele","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2062-8041","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dekalb Medical Tucker, Georgia, USA"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Lee Barron","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4719-3420","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}}],"datePublished":"2007-03-21","abstract":"Objective: To determine the effectiveness of an electronic hormonal fertility monitor plus cervical mucus monitoring to avoid pregnancy.\nDesign: A 12-month prospective clinical efficacy trial. SETTING AND\n\nParticipants: One hundred ninety five (195) women (mean age 29.8 years) seeking to avoid pregnancy with a natural method at 5 clinical sites in 4 cities.\n\nIntervention: Each participant was taught to track fertility by self-observation of cervical mucus and an electronic monitor that measures urinary levels of estrone-3-glucuronide and luteinizing hormone.\n\nMain Outcome Measures: Correctand typical-use unintended pregnancy rates.\n\nResults: There were a total of 26 unintended pregnancies, 3 with correct use. With 1,795 months of use, the correct-use pregnancy rate was 2.1% per 12 months of use (i.e., 97.9% effective in avoiding pregnancy when rules of the method were always followed) and the imperfect-use pregnancy rate was 14.2% per 12 months of use (i.e., 85.8% effective in avoiding pregnancy when rules of the method were not always followed and all unintended pregnancies and months of use were included in the calculations).\n\nConclusions: Correct use of an electronic hormonal fertility monitor with cervical mucus observations can be as effective as other fertility awareness-based methods of natural family planning. Comparative studies are needed to confirm this conclusion.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"36","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Neonatal Nursing : JOGNN"}}},"pageStart":"152","pageEnd":"160","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.2007.000129.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79983105"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1552-6909.2007.000129.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17371516"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q79983105"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormone-replacement-therapy-and-breast-cancer-in-former-users-of-oral-contracept-rec20z37xx3rtuhcz/","name":"Hormone replacement therapy and breast cancer in former users of oral  contraceptives--The Norwegian Women and Cancer study","headline":"Hormone replacement therapy and breast cancer in former users of oral  contraceptives--The Norwegian Women and Cancer study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormone-replacement-therapy-and-breast-cancer-in-former-users-of-oral-contracept-rec20z37xx3rtuhcz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Eiliv Lund","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9002-4676","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wge5k78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kjersti Bakken","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9308-3367","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wge5k78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vanessa Dumeaux","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1280-6541","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Norwegian Cancer Society","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01925vb10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vegard Andersen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wge5k78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Merethe Kumle","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UiT The Arctic University of Norway","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wge5k78"}}],"datePublished":"2007-03-21","abstract":"Combined estrogen-progestin menopausal therapy (HRT) and combined estrogen-progestin contraceptives (OC) both increase breast cancer risk during current use and a few years after. We investigated risk of breast cancer in women who were users of HRT dependant on former history of OC use in a large, national population-based cohort study, the Norwegian Women and Cancer study (NOWAC). Exposure information was collected through postal questionnaires. Based on follow-up of 30,118 postmenopausal women by linkage to national registers of cancer, deaths, and emigration we revealed 540 incident breast cancer cases between 1996 and 2004. Compared to never users of either drugs current use of HRT gave a significant (p = 0.002) higher risk of breast cancer in former OC users, RR = 2.45 (95% CI 1.92-3.12), than among never users of OCs, RR = 1.67 (1.32-2.12). Relative risk of current use of HRT was similar for estrogen only and combinations with progestin added in ever users of OCs. The increased risk of breast cancer in current HRT users with a history of former OC use could have potential great impact on postmenopausal breast cancer risk as the proportion of postmenopausal women with former OC use will continue to increase.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"121","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Cancer"}}},"pageStart":"645","pageEnd":"648","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.22699","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q53810487"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/ijc.22699"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17372914"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q53810487"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/n-acetyl-cysteine-and-clomiphene-citrate-for-induction-of-ovulation-in-polycysti-recuwi2tkw4vsfsyk/","name":"N-Acetyl cysteine and clomiphene citrate for induction of ovulation in polycystic  ovary syndrome: a cross-over trial","headline":"N-Acetyl cysteine and clomiphene citrate for induction of ovulation in polycystic  ovary syndrome: a cross-over trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/n-acetyl-cysteine-and-clomiphene-citrate-for-induction-of-ovulation-in-polycysti-recuwi2tkw4vsfsyk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ahmed Badawy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0422-8091","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mansoura University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01k8vtd75"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Soma S. Abdel-Gawad","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mansoura University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01k8vtd75"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Soma Abdelgawad","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4262-3498","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Leeds"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Omnia State","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mansoura University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01k8vtd75"}}],"datePublished":"2007-03-17","abstract":"Objective: To compare clomiphene citrate plus N-acetyl cysteine versus clomiphene citrate for inducing ovulation in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.\nDesign: Prospective cross-over trial.\nSetting: University teaching hospital and a private practice setting.\n\nPatients: Five hundred and seventy-three patients were treated with clomiphene citrate for one menstrual cycle among which 470 patients were treated with clomiphene citrate plus N-acetyl cysteine for another cycle. All women suffered from polycystic ovary syndrome.\n\nInterventions: Patients had clomiphene citrate 50-mg tablets twice daily alone or with N-acetyl cysteine 1,200 mg/day orally for 5 days starting on day 3 of the menstrual cycle.\n\nOUTCOME MEASURES: Primary outcomes were number of mature follicles, serum E2, serum progesterone, and endometrial thickness. Secondary outcome was the occurrence of pregnancy.\n\nResults: Ovulation rate improved significantly after the addition of N-acetyl cysteine (17.9% versus 52.1%). Although the number of mature follicles was more in the N-acetyl cysteine group (2.1+/-0.88 versus 3.2+/-0.93), the difference was not statistically significant. The mean E2 levels (pg/ml) at the time of human chorionic gonadotropine injection, serum progesterone levels (ng/ml) on days 21-23 of the cycle, and the endometrial thickness were significantly improved in the N-acetyl cysteine group. The overall pregnancy rate was 11.5% in the N-acetyl cysteine group. Insulin resistance occurred in 260 patients (55.4%). There was no significant difference between the insulin resistance group (n = 260) and non-insulin resistance group (n = 210) as regards ovulation rate, number of follicles, serum E2 (pg/ml), serum progesterone (ng/ml), endometrial thickness (mm), or pregnancy rate.\n\nConclusion: N-Acetyl cysteine is proved effective in inducing or augmenting ovulation in polycystic ovary patients.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"86","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica"}}},"pageStart":"218","pageEnd":"222","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/00016340601090337","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79962632"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/00016340601090337"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17364286"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q79962632"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effectiveness-of-err-731-in-the-management-of-symptomatic-perimenopause-clinical-significance-recznzov0g1rgrwxi/","name":"Effectiveness of ERr 731 in the management of symptomatic perimenopause: clinical significance","headline":"Effectiveness of ERr 731 in the management of symptomatic perimenopause: clinical significance","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effectiveness-of-err-731-in-the-management-of-symptomatic-perimenopause-clinical-significance-recznzov0g1rgrwxi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vanadin Seifert‐Klauss","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2639-5317","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"TUM Klinikum","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04jc43x05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shirin Kalyan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7458-0832","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Coastal Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bd8jh67"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sheila M. Pride"}],"datePublished":"2007-03-01","abstract":"Prior, Jerilynn C. MD, FRCPC1; Klauss, Vanadin Seifert MD2; Kalyan, Shirin PhD1; Pride, Sheila MD, FRSCPC3","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Menopause (New York, N.Y.)"}}},"pageStart":"335-6; author reply 336-8","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/GME.0b013e318032aaa9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79750824"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/GME.0b013e318032aaa9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17290163"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q79750824"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/can-we-achieve-international-agreement-on-terminologies-and-definitions-used-to--j7atesqu/","name":"Can we achieve international agreement on terminologies and definitions used to describe abnormalities of menstrual bleeding?","headline":"Can we achieve international agreement on terminologies and definitions used to describe abnormalities of menstrual bleeding?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/can-we-achieve-international-agreement-on-terminologies-and-definitions-used-to--j7atesqu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ian S Fraser","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Hospital for Women","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021cxfs56"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hilary Critchley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1913-4044","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Edinburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Malcolm G Munro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2998-6961","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaiser Permanente West Los Angeles Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/031caxb92"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Broder M"}],"datePublished":"2007-03-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: There is considerable worldwide confusion in the use of terminologies and definitions around the symptom of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB), and these are leading increasingly to difficulties in setting up multinational clinical trials and in interpreting the results of studies undertaken in single centres. An international initiative was established to develop an agreement process to recommend clear, simple terminologies and definitions with the potential for wide acceptance. METHODS: After widespread consultation with relevant international and national organizations, journal editors and individuals, a modified Delphi process was developed to assess the current use of terminologies followed by a structured face-to-face meeting of 35 clinicians (mostly gynaecologists) and scientists in Washington. Focused small group discussions led to plenary assessment of concepts and recommendations using an electronic keypad voting system. RESULTS: There was almost universal agreement that poorly defined terms of classical origin used in differing ways in the English medical language should be discarded and that these should be replaced by simple, descriptive terms with clear definitions which have the potential to be understood by health professional and patient alike and which can be translated into most languages. The major recommendations were to replace terms such as menorrhagia, metrorrhagia, hypermenorrhoea and dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Suggestions for potentially suitable replacement terms and definitions are made. CONCLUSIONS: A simple terminology has been recommended for the description and definition of symptoms and signs of AUB. This manuscript should be a living document and should be part of an ongoing process with international medical and community debate. Classification of causes, investigations and cultural and quality of life issues should be part of the ongoing process.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/del478","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34598026"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/del478"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17204526"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34598026"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/levonorgestrel-emergency-contraception-a-joint-analysis-of-effectiveness-and-mec-recuxddlrzswqdrr3/","name":"Levonorgestrel emergency contraception: a joint analysis of effectiveness and mechanism of action","headline":"Levonorgestrel emergency contraception: a joint analysis of effectiveness and mechanism of action","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/levonorgestrel-emergency-contraception-a-joint-analysis-of-effectiveness-and-mec-recuxddlrzswqdrr3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rafael Mikolajczyk","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1271-7204","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bielefeld University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02hpadn98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2007-02-27","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To model the effectiveness that can be obtained if levonorgestrel-only emergency contraception (EC) acts only through disrupting ovulation, in relation to other effects that may occur before or after fertilization and accounting for delays in administration.\n\nDESIGN: We modeled follicular growth as a function of follicular size, using known day-specific probabilities of conception and known disruption of ovulation by levonorgestrel-only EC, to estimate the expected effectiveness of EC.\n\nSETTING: Combined data from multiple clinical studies.\n\nPATIENT(S): Simulation models.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Disruption of ovulation.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Effectiveness in the form of proportion of pregnancies prevented.\n\nRESULT(S): With disruption of ovulation alone, the potential effectiveness of levonorgestrel EC ranged from 49% (no delay) to 8% (72-hour delay). With complete inhibition of fertilization before the day of ovulation, the potential effectiveness of levonorgestrel EC ranged from 90% (no delay) to 16% (72-hour delay).\n\nCONCLUSION(S): The gap between effectiveness of levonorgestrel EC estimated from clinical studies and what can be attributed to disruption of ovulation may be explained by overestimation of actual effectiveness and supplementary mechanisms of action, including postfertilization effects. Additional data with follicular ultrasound and precise measures of delay between intercourse and EC administration would yield greater insight into effectiveness and mechanisms of action.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"88","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"565","pageEnd":"571","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.11.178","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42011772"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.11.178"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17320877"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q42011772"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effectiveness-of-a-fertility-awareness-based-method-to-avoid-pregnancy-in-re-recfwatewz6ucgakm/","name":"The effectiveness of a fertility awareness based method to avoid pregnancy in relation to a couple's sexual behaviour during the fertile time: a prospective longitudinal study","headline":"The effectiveness of a fertility awareness based method to avoid pregnancy in relation to a couple's sexual behaviour during the fertile time: a prospective longitudinal study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effectiveness-of-a-fertility-awareness-based-method-to-avoid-pregnancy-in-re-recfwatewz6ucgakm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Petra Frank‐Herrmann","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1322-0366","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Heil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4684-9099","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Heidelberg University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/038t36y30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Gnoth","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6329-4075","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Toledo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9867-2192","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital Virgen del Camino","sameAs":"https://ror.org/046wwv897"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Jenetzky","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5415-8784","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz","sameAs":"https://ror.org/023b0x485"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas Strowitzki","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7024-855X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Heidelberg University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/038t36y30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Baur","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"German Society of Surgery","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ew91p29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Petra Frank-Herrmann","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0330-0741","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Gynaecological Endocrinology and Fertility Disorders, University of Heidelberg, Vossstrasse 9, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany. petra.frank-herrmann@med.uni-heidelberg.de","sameAs":"https://ror.org/038t36y30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Günter Freundl","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Pyper","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oxford","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052gg0110"}}],"datePublished":"2007-02-23","abstract":"BACKGROUND: The efficacy of fertility awareness based (FAB) methods of family planning is critically reviewed. The objective was to investigate the efficacy and the acceptability of the symptothermal method (STM), an FAB method that uses two indicators of fertility, temperature and cervical secretions observation. This paper will recommend a more suitable approach to measure the efficacy.\n\nMETHODS: Since 1985, an ongoing prospective observational longitudinal cohort study has been conducted in Germany. Women are asked to submit their menstrual cycle charts that record daily basal body temperature, cervical secretion observations and sexual behaviour. A cohort of 900 women contributed 17,638 cycles that met the inclusion criteria for the effectiveness study. The overall rates of unintended pregnancies and dropout rates have been estimated with survival curves according to the Kaplan-Meier method. In order to estimate the true method effectiveness, the pregnancy rates have been calculated in relation to sexual behaviour using the 'perfect/imperfect-use' model of Trussell and Grummer-Strawn.\n\nRESULTS: After 13 cycles, 1.8 per 100 women of the cohort experienced an unintended pregnancy; 9.2 per 100 women dropped out because of dissatisfaction with the method; the pregnancy rate was 0.6 per 100 women and per 13 cycles when there was no unprotected intercourse in the fertile time.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: The STM is a highly effective family planning method, provided the appropriate guidelines are consistently adhered to.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1310","pageEnd":"1319","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dem003","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28289400"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/dem003"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17314078"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28289400"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/silverrussell-syndrome-in-a-girl-born-after-in-vitro-fertilization-partial-hyper-7a1j9c0z/","name":"Silver-Russell syndrome in a girl born after in vitro fertilization: partial hypermethylation at the differentially methylated region of PEG1/MEST","headline":"Silver-Russell syndrome in a girl born after in vitro fertilization: partial hypermethylation at the differentially methylated region of PEG1/MEST","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/silverrussell-syndrome-in-a-girl-born-after-in-vitro-fertilization-partial-hyper-7a1j9c0z/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kagami M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nagai T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fukami M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yamazawa K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ogata T"}],"datePublished":"2007-02-16","abstract":"Purpose: The prevalence of low birth weight (LBW) is increased in subjects born after assisted reproduction technology (ART), and defective imprinting has frequently been identified in patients with Beckwith-Wiedermann and Angelman syndromes conceived by ART. Thus, we examined methylation pattern in a girl born after ART who had Silver-Russell syndrome (SRS) which can be caused by maternal uniparental disomy for chromosome 7 and by hypomethylation of the differentially methylated region (DMR) of H19. Methods: We examined methylation status of 31 cytosines at the CpG dinucleotides in the DMR of PEG1/MEST on 7q32.2 and 23 cytosines at the CpG dinucleotides in the DMR of H19 on 11p15, using leukocyte genomic DNA. Results: Eight of the 31 cytosines in the patient and four of the 31 cytosines in the father were hypermethylated in the PEG1/MEST-DMR. In the H19-DMR, no abnormal methylation pattern was identified in the patient. Conclusion: The results suggest that hypermethylation of paternally expressed genes including PEG1/MEST, which usually have growth-promoting effects, may be relevant to LBW in subjects conceived by ART.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics"}}},"pageStart":"131","pageEnd":"136","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-006-9096-3","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s10815-006-9096-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17450433"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-sexual-intercourse-patterns-in-time-to-pregnancy-studies-recflycubrgsfojzi/","name":"Effects of sexual intercourse patterns in time to pregnancy studies","headline":"Effects of sexual intercourse patterns in time to pregnancy studies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-sexual-intercourse-patterns-in-time-to-pregnancy-studies-recflycubrgsfojzi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David B Dunson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}}],"datePublished":"2007-02-10","abstract":"Time to pregnancy, typically defined as the number of menstrual cycles required to achieve a clinical pregnancy, is widely used as a measure of couple fecundity in epidemiologic studies. Time to pregnancy studies seldom utilize detailed data on the timing and frequency of sexual intercourse and the timing of ovulation. However, the simulated models in this paper illustrate that intercourse behavior can have a large impact on time to pregnancy and, likewise, on fecundability ratios, especially under conditions of low intercourse frequency or low fecundity. Because intercourse patterns in the menstrual cycles may vary substantially among groups, it is important to consider the effects of sexual behavior. Where relevant and feasible, an assessment should be made of the timing and frequency of intercourse relative to ovulation. Day-specific probabilities of pregnancy can be used to account for the effects of intercourse patterns. Depending on the research hypothesis, intercourse patterns may be considered as a potential confounder, mediator, or outcome.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"165","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Epidemiology"}}},"pageStart":"1088","pageEnd":"1095","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwk111","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79749824"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/aje/kwk111"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17289774"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q79749824"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/changes-to-osteoporosis-prevalence-according-to-method-of-risk-assessment-receq10krwkjflbvp/","name":"Changes to osteoporosis prevalence according to method of risk assessment","headline":"Changes to osteoporosis prevalence according to method of risk assessment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/changes-to-osteoporosis-prevalence-according-to-method-of-risk-assessment-receq10krwkjflbvp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J Brent Richards","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0372-5256","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"William D Leslie","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1056-1691","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02gfys938"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kerry Siminoski","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging & Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Hanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S. Morin"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert G Josse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-6264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alan Tenenhouse","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"CaMos Study Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandra Papaioannou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9412-0932","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1406-4251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Shawn Davison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8123-7680","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lawrence Joseph","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3321-0587","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}}],"datePublished":"2007-02-01","abstract":"The impact of clinical risk factor-based absolute risk methods on the prevalence of high risk for osteoporotic fracture is unknown. We applied absolute risk methods to 6646 subjects and found that the prevalence of elderly women deemed to be at high risk increased substantially, whereas the overall prevalence was highly dependent on the threshold used to designate high risk.\nIntroduction: Many groups have advocated using absolute risk methods that incorporate clinical risk factors to target patients for osteoporosis therapy. We examined how the application of such absolute risk classification systems influences the prevalence of those considered to be at high risk for osteoporotic fracture and compared these systems to one based solely on BMD.\n\nMaterials and Methods: Using 6646 subjects from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos), a prospective, randomly selected, population-based cohort, we assessed three different systems for determining prevalence of high risk for osteoporotic fracture: a BMD-based system; a simplified risk factor system incorporating age, sex, BMD, and two clinical risk factors; and a comprehensive system, incorporating age, sex, BMD, and seven clinical risk factors. The 10-year absolute risks of incident fragility fracture were compared across systems using three different high-risk thresholds.\n\nResults: The prevalence of a T score < or = -2.5 was 18.8% (95% CI: 17.7-19.9%) in women and 3.9% (95% CI: 3.0-4.7%) in men. Using a 15% 10-year risk of fracture threshold, the prevalence of women at high risk increased to 46.9% (95% CI: 45.4-48.4) and 42.5% (95% CI: 41.1-43.9) when the comprehensive and simplified risk factor classification systems were used, respectively. Using a 25% 10-year absolute risk threshold, the prevalence of high risk was similar to that of the BMD-based system, whereas the 20% threshold gave intermediate rates. All thresholds analyzed resulted in an increased prevalence of older women at high risk for fracture, whereas only the 15% 10-year risk of fracture threshold resulted in an increase in the prevalence of men at high risk.\n\nConclusions: The application of risk factor-based systems results in an increased prevalence of older women at high risk. The prevalence of individuals at high risk may increase with changes to the methods used to determine those who are eligible for therapy. These data have important implications for the pattern of care and costs of treating osteoporotic fractures.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"J Bone Miner Res"}}},"pageStart":"228","pageEnd":"234","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1359/jbmr.061109","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45222954"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1359/jbmr.061109"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17129177"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q45222954"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effectiveness-of-levonorgestrel-emergency-contraception-given-before-or-after-ov-y3rkpphb/","name":"Effectiveness of levonorgestrel emergency contraception given before or after ovulation--a pilot study","headline":"Effectiveness of levonorgestrel emergency contraception given before or after ovulation--a pilot study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effectiveness-of-levonorgestrel-emergency-contraception-given-before-or-after-ov-y3rkpphb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Novikova N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Weisberg E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Frank Z Stanczyk","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3607-121X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Croxatto HB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ian S Fraser","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Hospital for Women","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021cxfs56"}}],"datePublished":"2007-02-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Although widely used, the mechanisms of action of the levonorgestrel emergency contraceptive pill (LNG ECP) are still unclear. There are increasing data to indicate that LNG is particularly effective as an ECP by interrupting follicular development and ovulation. An important outstanding question is whether it has any effect on fertilization or implantation.\n\nMETHOD: Ninety-nine women participated; they were recruited at the time they presented with a request for emergency contraception. All women took LNG 1.5 mg in a single dose during the clinic consultation. A blood sample was taken immediately prior to ingestion of the ECP for estimation of serum LH, estradiol and progesterone levels to calculate the day of ovulation. The specimens were analyzed in a single batch. Based on these endocrine data, we estimated the timing of ovulation to be within a +/-24-h period with an accuracy of around 80%. Women were followed up 4-6 weeks later to ascertain pregnancy status. The effectiveness of ECP when taken before and after ovulation was determined.\n\nRESULTS: Three women became pregnant despite taking the ECP (pregnancy rate, 3.0%). All three women who became pregnant had unprotected intercourse between Days -1 and 0 and took the ECP on Day +2, based on endocrine data. Day 0 was taken as ovulation day. Among 17 women who had intercourse in the fertile period of the cycle and took the ECP after ovulation occurred (on Days +1 to +2), we could have expected three or four pregnancies; three were observed. Among 34 women who had intercourse on Days -5 to -2 of the fertile period and took ECP before or on the day of ovulation, four pregnancies could have been expected, but none were observed. We found major discrepancies between women's self-report of stage of the cycle and the dating calculation based on endocrine data.\n\nCONCLUSION: These data are supportive of the concept that the LNG ECP has little or no effect on postovulation events but is highly effective when taken before ovulation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"75","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"112","pageEnd":"8","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2006.08.015","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34604853"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.contraception.2006.08.015"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17241840"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34604853"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/phytofemale-complex-for-the-relief-of-hot-flushes-night-sweats-and-quality-of-sl-yb5mwdml/","name":"Phyto-Female Complex for the relief of hot flushes, night sweats and quality of sleep: randomized, controlled, double-blind pilot study","headline":"Phyto-Female Complex for the relief of hot flushes, night sweats and quality of sleep: randomized, controlled, double-blind pilot study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/phytofemale-complex-for-the-relief-of-hot-flushes-night-sweats-and-quality-of-sl-yb5mwdml/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rotem C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kaplan B","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7620-4227"}],"datePublished":"2007-02-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy and safety of the herbal formula Phyto-Female Complex (SupHerb, Netanya, Israel; ingredients: standardized extracts of black cohosh, dong quai, milk thistle, red clover, American ginseng, chaste-tree berry) for the relief of menopausal symptoms.\n\nMETHODS: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in 50 healthy pre and postmenopausal women, aged 44-65 years, to whom oral Phyto-Female Complex or matched placebo was prescribed twice daily for 3 months. A structured questionnaire on the frequency and intensity of menopausal symptoms was administered weekly from one week before throughout the 3-month treatment period, followed by biochemical tests, breast check, and transvaginal ultrasonography.\n\nRESULTS: The women receiving Phyto-Female Complex reported a significantly superior mean reduction in menopausal symptoms than the placebo group. The effect of treatment improvements in menopausal symptoms increased over time; by 3 months there was a 73% decrease in hot flushes and a 69% reduction of night sweats, accompanied by a decrease in their intensity and a significant benefit in terms of sleep quality. Hot flushes ceased completely in 47% of women in the study group compared with only 19% in the placebo group. There were no changes in findings on vaginal ultrasonography or levels of relevant hormones (estradiol, follicle-stimulating hormone), liver enzymes or thyroid-stimulating hormone in either group.\n\nCONCLUSION: Phyto-Female Complex is safe and effective for the relief of hot flushes and sleep disturbances in pre- and postmenopausal women, at least for 3 months' use.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"23","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Gynecological endocrinology : the official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"117","pageEnd":"22","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/09513590701200900","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39336350"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/09513590701200900"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17454163"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39336350"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nice-says-hysterectomy-must-be-last-option-for-heavy-menstrual-bleeding-jndb7r9f/","name":"NICE says hysterectomy must be last option for heavy menstrual bleeding","headline":"NICE says hysterectomy must be last option for heavy menstrual bleeding","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nice-says-hysterectomy-must-be-last-option-for-heavy-menstrual-bleeding-jndb7r9f/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mayor S"}],"datePublished":"2007-01-27","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"334","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7586","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ (Clinical research ed.)"}}},"pageStart":"175","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.39105.376412.DB","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42981383"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj.39105.376412.DB"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17255588"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q42981383"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-selective-serotonin-reuptake-inhibitors-on-the-risk-of-fracture-rec5imp2zu39g9h24/","name":"Effect of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors on the risk of fracture","headline":"Effect of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors on the risk of fracture","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-selective-serotonin-reuptake-inhibitors-on-the-risk-of-fracture-rec5imp2zu39g9h24/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J Brent Richards","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0372-5256","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lawrence Joseph","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3321-0587","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandra Papaioannou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9412-0932","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Heather E Whitson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8417-4846","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duke Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03njmea73"}}],"datePublished":"2007-01-24","abstract":"Background: Depression and osteoporotic fractures are common ailments among elderly persons. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are frequently used in the treatment of depression in this population, and the association between daily SSRI use and fragility fractures is unclear. Our objective was to examine the effect of daily SSRI use on the risk of incident clinical fragility fracture.\n\nMethods: A population-based, randomly selected, prospective cohort study of 5008 community-dwelling adults 50 years and older, followed up over 5 years for incident fractures. Clinical fragility fractures were classified as minimal trauma fractures that were clinically reported and radiographically confirmed. The risk of fragility fracture associated with daily SSRI use was determined while controlling for relevant covariates.\n\nResults: Daily SSRI use was reported by 137 subjects. After adjustment for many potential covariates, daily SSRI use was associated with substantially increased risk of incident clinical fragility fracture (hazard rate, 2.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.3-3.4). Daily SSRI use was also associated with increased odds of falling (odds ratio, 2.2; 95% confidence interval, 1.4-3.5), lower bone mineral density at the hip, and a trend toward lower bone mineral density at the spine. These effects were dose dependent and were similar for those who reported taking SSRIs at baseline and at 5 years' follow-up.\n\nConclusions: Daily SSRI use in adults 50 years and older remained associated with a 2-fold increased risk of clinical fragility fracture after adjustment for potential covariates. Depression and fragility fractures are common in this age group, and the elevated risk attributed to daily SSRI use may have important public health consequences.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"167","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Archives of Internal Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"188","pageEnd":"194","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.167.2.188","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34574255"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/archinte.167.2.188"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17242321"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34574255"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-of-breast-cancer-associated-with-short-term-use-of-oral-contraceptives-recgpzy6i2f6tro4k/","name":"Risk of breast cancer associated with short-term use of oral contraceptives","headline":"Risk of breast cancer associated with short-term use of oral contraceptives","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-of-breast-cancer-associated-with-short-term-use-of-oral-contraceptives-recgpzy6i2f6tro4k/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Suzanne G. Folger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jill A McDonald","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1034-0677","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oslo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01xtthb56"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leslie Bernstein","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1458-7597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042twtr12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Giske Ursin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0835-9507","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Cancer Etiology, Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, California; Departments of 2Preventive Medicine and 3Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, Univers...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/044ybef51"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jesse A Berlin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9810-745X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johnson & Johnson (United States)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03qd7mz70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brian L Strom","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5750-4232","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Cancer Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael S Simon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0453-375X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Centers","sameAs":"https://ror.org/033tgbx59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathleen E Malone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5643-6714","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wayne State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01070mq45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ronald T Burkman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Janet R Daling","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fred Hutch Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007ps6h72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Polly A Marchbanks","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baystate Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01q2nz307"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sandra A Norman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pennsylvania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert Spirtas","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"City Of Hope National Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00w6g5w60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Linda Weiss","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6784-5831","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Cancer Etiology, Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, California; Departments of 2Preventive Medicine and 3Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, Univers..."}}],"datePublished":"2007-01-12","abstract":"Objective: To estimate breast cancer risk associated with short-term (<6 months) oral contraceptive use, and explore variation in estimates by use characteristics and medical, menstrual, and reproductive history.\n\nMethods: We analyzed data from the Women's Contraceptive and Reproductive Experiences Study. Case subjects were white women and black women, 35-64 years old, diagnosed with invasive breast cancer in July 1994-April 1998. Control subjects identified by random-digit dialing were matched to case subjects by age, race, and study site. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).\n\nResults: Overall, short-term oral contraceptive use was not associated with breast cancer risk (OR = 1.0; 95% CI = 0.8-1.1). However, significant interaction between short-term use and menopausal status led to an observed increased breast cancer risk in pre-menopausal women (OR = 1.3; 95% CI = 1.0-1.7) and a reduced risk in post-menopausal women (OR = 0.8; 95% CI = 0.6-1.0) associated with short-term use. The association was more pronounced in women with non-contraceptive reasons for use and underlying risk factors for breast cancer.\n\nConclusions: These associations may result from underlying characteristics of users or unmeasured factors influencing duration of use and breast cancer risk.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cancer Causes & Control : CCC"}}},"pageStart":"189","pageEnd":"198","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-006-0086-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52928031"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s10552-006-0086-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17216547"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q52928031"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-contraception-and-the-risk-of-hiv-acquisition-recacbzsxhgxelywc/","name":"Hormonal contraception and the risk of HIV acquisition","headline":"Hormonal contraception and the risk of HIV acquisition","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-contraception-and-the-risk-of-hiv-acquisition-recacbzsxhgxelywc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Charles Morrison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9873-3194","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Durham University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01v29qb04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Barbra A Richardson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9564-1828","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cancer Research And Biostatistics","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01575p865"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David D Celentano","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6061-8799","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roy D. Mugerwa","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Makerere University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dmz0111"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nancy Padian","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1046-2287","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"United States Department of State","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vvynj75"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M J Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3874-1352","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yeshiva University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045x93337"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacques Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8155-677X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of MedicineLaval UniversityQuebec CityQCCanada"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert A Salata","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8464-0918","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Family Health International 360","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007kp6q87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hormonal Contraception and the Risk of HIV Acquisition (HC-HIV) Study Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tsungai Chipato","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Zimbabwe","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04ze6rb18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peter Cornelisse","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Seattle Children's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01njes783"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1406-4251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joanne Luoto","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Francis Mmiro","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Makerere University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dmz0111"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sungwal Rugpao","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chiang Mai University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05m2fqn25"}}],"datePublished":"2007-01-02","abstract":"Background: Combined oral contraceptives (COC) and depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) are among the most widely used family planning methods; their effect on HIV acquisition is not known.\n\nObjective: To evaluate the effect of COC and DMPA on HIV acquisition and any modifying effects of other sexually transmitted infections.\n\nMethods: This multicenter prospective cohort study enroled 6109 HIV-uninfected women, aged 18-35 years, from family planning clinics in Uganda, Zimbabwe and Thailand. Participants received HIV testing quarterly for 15-24 months. The risk of HIV acquisition with different contraceptive methods was assessed (excluding Thailand, where there were few HIV cases).\n\nResults: HIV infection occurred in 213 African participants (2.8/100 woman-years). Use of neither COC [hazard ratio (HR), 0.99; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.69-1.42] nor DMPA (HR, 1.25; 95% CI, 0.89-1.78) was associated with risk of HIV acquisition overall, including among participants with cervical or vaginal infections. While absolute risk of HIV acquisition was higher among participants who were seropositive for herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) than in those seronegative at enrolment, among the HSV-2-seronegative participants, both COC (HR, 2.85; 95% CI, 1.39-5.82) and DMPA (HR, 3.97; 95% CI, 1.98-8.00) users had an increased risk of HIV acquisition compared with the non-hormonal group.\n\nConclusions: No association was found between hormonal contraceptive use and HIV acquisition overall. This is reassuring for women needing effective contraception in settings of high HIV prevalence. However, hormonal contraceptive users who were HSV-2 seronegative had an increased risk of HIV acquisition. Additional research is needed to confirm and explain this finding.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"AIDS"}}},"pageStart":"85","pageEnd":"95","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0b013e3280117c8b","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34588016"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/QAD.0b013e3280117c8b"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17148972"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34588016"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/inflammatory-mediators-exert-toxic-effects-of-oxidative-stress-on-human-spermato-1nxwvdca/","name":"Inflammatory mediators exert toxic effects of oxidative stress on human spermatozoa","headline":"Inflammatory mediators exert toxic effects of oxidative stress on human spermatozoa","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/inflammatory-mediators-exert-toxic-effects-of-oxidative-stress-on-human-spermato-1nxwvdca/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Fraczek M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kurpisz M"}],"datePublished":"2007-01-01","abstract":"Epidemiological studies regarding male infertility have revealed that more and more infertile men suffer from acute or chronic inflammation of the genitourinary tract, which often occurs without any symptoms. The inflammatory reactions within the male genital tract are inevitably connected with oxidative stress. Growing evidence indicates that imbalance between prooxidative and anti-oxidative substances in semen leads to metabolic and functional disorders of male germ cells and may be a primary cause of some types of infertility. The infectious factor and local tissue damage can lead to the infiltration of leukocytes to the inflammatory site. This is in an obvious way connected to the production and release of large amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which trigger immune responses directed against the infectious agent, and the simultaneous secretion of numerous biological substances, thereby escalating the inflammation. Some of these factors are proteases and proinflammatory cytokines. Extended exposure of spermatozoa to ROS may lead to the peroxidation of sperm membrane lipids. Many studies point to the combined activities of inflammatory mediators in exerting toxic effects on spermatozoa. The local influences of biologically active substances released by activated leukocytes in the course of the inflammatory response and the mutual interactions of various factors (bacteria, leukocytes, proinflammatory cytokines) at the site represent a complex puzzle.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"28","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of andrology"}}},"pageStart":"325","pageEnd":"33","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.2164/jandrol.106.001149","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2164/jandrol.106.001149"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17079739"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-underlying-cause-of-cervical-cancer-in-oral-contraceptive-users-may-be-relat-2edbiclc/","name":"The underlying cause of cervical cancer in oral contraceptive users may be related to cervical mucus changes","headline":"The underlying cause of cervical cancer in oral contraceptive users may be related to cervical mucus changes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-underlying-cause-of-cervical-cancer-in-oral-contraceptive-users-may-be-relat-2edbiclc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Guven S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kart C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Guvendag Guven ES"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gunalp GS"}],"datePublished":"2007-01-01","abstract":"Oral contraceptives (OCs) remain among the most effective reversible methods of birth control available today, providing almost 100% effectiveness with an impressively high margin of safety and other important health benefits. However, concerns have been raised about the role that the hormones in OCs might play in the pathogenesis of cervical cancer. Evidence shows that long-term use of OCs (five or more years) may be associated with an increased risk of cancer of the cervix. The mechanism of increased risk of cervical cancer in OCs users has long been debated, and remains uncertain. Our hypothesis is that scanty, thick, and highly viscous cervical mucus obtained in OCs users intimately involved in the pathogenesis of cervical cancer. Possibly, this architecture of cervical mucus may modulate and prolong the effect of carcinogenic agents, which have been carried by coitus and stored in posterior vaginal fornix, on squamocolumnar junction of cervix by not permitting them to be removed because of its highly viscous pattern. The role of cervical mucus changes by means of specific mucin protein changes on the pathophysiology of cervical cancer in OCs users should be investigated.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"69","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Medical hypotheses"}}},"pageStart":"550","pageEnd":"2","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2007.01.051","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q53335617"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.mehy.2007.01.051"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17368751"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q53335617"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/walking-the-talk-doing-science-with-perimenopausal-women-and-their-health-care-p-reczxt2y3btnisfu4/","name":"Walking the talk: Doing science with perimenopausal women and their health care providers","headline":"Walking the talk: Doing science with perimenopausal women and their health care providers","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/walking-the-talk-doing-science-with-perimenopausal-women-and-their-health-care-p-reczxt2y3btnisfu4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"World Bank"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tighe M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"& Tighe M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5695-7387"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine L Hitchcock","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation Research, Division of Endocrinology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Sathi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Coastal Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bd8jh67"}}],"datePublished":"2007-01-01","abstract":"No AccessOther Health Study28 Jun 2021Walking the TalkReimagining Primary Health Care After COVID-19Authors/Editors: World BankWorld Bankhttps://doi.org/10.1596/35842SectionsAboutPDF (22.7 MB) ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareFacebookTwitterLinked In Abstract: The world has waited long enough for high-performing primary health care (PHC). It's time to deliver. Forty years ago, leaders embraced the promise of health for all through PHC. That vision has inspired generations. But for nearly half a century, countries have struggled to walk the talk on PHC. We have not built health systems anchored in strong PHC where they were needed most. Today, COVID-19 (coronavirus) has brought the reckoning for that shared failure—but also the chance to do the job right at last. The pandemic has shown policy makers and ordinary citizens why health systems matter and what happens when they fail. By doing so, it has also created a oncein-a-generation chance for structural health-system change. Bold reforms now can prepare health systems for future crises and bring goals like universal health coverage (UHC) within reach. PHC holds the key to these transformations. But to fulfill that promise, the walk has to finally match the talk. This report charts an agenda toward reimagined, fit-for-purpose PHC. It asks three questions about health-systems reform built around Phc: \"Why?\", \"What?\", and \"How?\" Since PHC has been around for decades, why write a thick report about it now? The answer is that the characteristics of high-performing PHC are exactly those that are most critical for managing the pressures coming to bear on health systems in the post-COVID world. The challenges include future infectious outbreaks and other emergent threats, but also long-term structural trends that are reshaping the environments in which systems operate in non-crisis times. This report highlights three sets of megatrends that will increasingly affect health systems in the decades ahead: demographic and epidemiological shifts; changes in technology; and citizens' evolving expectations for health care. Previous bookNext book FiguresreferencesRecommendeddetails View Published: June 2021 Copyright & Permissions Related TopicsHealth Nutrition and Population KeywordsCORONAVIRUSCOVID-19ACCOUNTABILITYHEALTH CARE REFORM PDF DownloadLoading ...","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"World Bank eBooks"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1596/35842","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1596/35842"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptives-and-cardiovascular-risk-aha-abstract-recsgowaexxv4630i/","name":"Oral Contraceptives and Cardiovascular Risk (AHA Abstract)","headline":"Oral Contraceptives and Cardiovascular Risk (AHA Abstract)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptives-and-cardiovascular-risk-aha-abstract-recsgowaexxv4630i/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"American Heart Association"}],"datePublished":"2007-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/combined-estrogen-progestogen-contraceptives-and-combined-estrogen-progestogen-m-rec6ojgycshmiubir/","name":"Combined Estrogen-Progestogen Contraceptives and Combined Estrogen-Progestogen Menopausal Therapy (IARC Monograph Vol 91)","headline":"Combined Estrogen-Progestogen Contraceptives and Combined Estrogen-Progestogen Menopausal Therapy (IARC Monograph Vol 91)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/combined-estrogen-progestogen-contraceptives-and-combined-estrogen-progestogen-m-rec6ojgycshmiubir/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans"}],"datePublished":"2007-01-01","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81894621","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q81894621"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vitamin-d-deficiency-in-a-healthy-group-of-mothers-and-newborn-infants-le1f8vdy/","name":"Vitamin D deficiency in a healthy group of mothers and newborn infants","headline":"Vitamin D deficiency in a healthy group of mothers and newborn infants","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vitamin-d-deficiency-in-a-healthy-group-of-mothers-and-newborn-infants-le1f8vdy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lee JM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Smith JR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Philipp BL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chen TC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mathieu J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Holick MF"}],"datePublished":"2007-01-01","abstract":"Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D was measured in 40 healthy, mostly Black, mother-infant pairs. Although a majority of mothers received a daily prenatal multivitamin, vitamin D deficiency (<30 nmol/L), was found in 50% of mothers and 65% of their newborn infants, with a positive correlation between maternal and infant plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations. Maternal vitamin D deficiency may represent an important risk factor for the development of rickets in children.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"46","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical pediatrics"}}},"pageStart":"42","pageEnd":"4","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/0009922806289311","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56087720"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/0009922806289311"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17164508"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q56087720"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/jorge-e-chavarro-janet-w-richedwards-bernard-a-rosner-walter-c-willett-dietary-f-lyhsjwad/","name":"Dietary fatty acid intakes and the risk of ovulatory infertility","headline":"Dietary fatty acid intakes and the risk of ovulatory infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/jorge-e-chavarro-janet-w-richedwards-bernard-a-rosner-walter-c-willett-dietary-f-lyhsjwad/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jorge E Chavarro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7790-8311","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rich-Edwards JW","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5066-8808"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rosner BA","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6907-0056"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Walter C Willett","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}}],"datePublished":"2007-01-01","abstract":"Background: Pharmacologic activation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma) improves ovulatory function in women with polycystic ovary syndrome, and specific dietary fatty acids can affect PPAR-gamma activity.\n\nObjective: The objective of the study was to assess whether the intakes of total fat, cholesterol, and major types of fatty acids affect the risk of ovulatory infertility.\n\nDesign: We conducted a prospective cohort study of 18 555 married, premenopausal women without a history of infertility who attempted a pregnancy or became pregnant between 1991 and 1999. Diet was assessed twice during follow-up by using a food-frequency questionnaire.\n\nResults: During follow-up, 438 incidents of ovulatory infertility were reported. In logistic regression analyses, intakes of total fat, cholesterol, and most types of fatty acids were not related to ovulatory infertility. Each 2% increase in the intake of energy from trans unsaturated fats, as opposed to that from carbohydrates, was associated with a 73% greater risk of ovulatory infertility after adjustment for known and suspected risk factors for this condition [relative risk (RR) = 1.73; 95% CI: 1.09, 2.73]. Obtaining 2% of energy intake from trans fats rather than from n-6 polyunsaturated fats was associated with a similar increase in the risk of ovulatory infertility (RR = 1.79; 95% CI: 1.11, 2.89). In addition, obtaining 2% of energy from trans fats rather than from monounsaturated fats was associated with a more than doubled risk of ovulatory infertility (RR = 2.31; 95% CI: 1.09, 4.87).Conclusiontrans Unsaturated fats may increase the risk of ovulatory infertility when consumed instead of carbohydrates or unsaturated fats commonly found in nonhydrogenated vegetable oils.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"85","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"}}},"pageStart":"231","pageEnd":"237","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/85.1.231","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34599180"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/ajcn/85.1.231"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34599180"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2006-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2006-o5hcy0ya/","name":"DIR Jahrbuch 2006 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2006)","headline":"DIR Jahrbuch 2006 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2006)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2006-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2006-o5hcy0ya/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register e.V."}],"datePublished":"2007-01-01","abstract":"Annual report (Jahrbuch) of the Deutsches IVF-Register (DIR) for treatment year 2006. DIR is the German national IVF/ICSI registry, founded 1982 — the oldest continuously operating ART registry. Voluntary professional-society database with high de-facto coverage of German fertility centres. Reports cycles, transfers, pregnancies and clinical outcomes by treatment type (IVF, ICSI, frozen embryo transfer, donor). German-language registry document. Used as a Phase B historical-archive source for the ART Registry Comparison study (cross-registry classification by reporting completeness on 7 framework dimensions).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register Jahrbuch"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-in-europe-2003-results-generated-from-european--dirhmdfm/","name":"Assisted reproductive technology in Europe, 2003. Results generated from European registers by ESHRE","headline":"Assisted reproductive technology in Europe, 2003. Results generated from European registers by ESHRE","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-in-europe-2003-results-generated-from-european--dirhmdfm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A Nyboe Andersen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9828-1255","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Copenhagen University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05bpbnx46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Veerle Goossens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9342-2143","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/028sbah75"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gianaroli L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Felberbaum R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacques de Mouzon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9465-3488","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nygren KG"}],"datePublished":"2007 Jun","abstract":"30. Assisted reproductive technology in Europe, 2003. Results generated from European registers by ESHRE. Andersen AN(1), Goossens V, Gianaroli L, Felberbaum R, de Mouzon J, Nygren KG. (1)Central Office, European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology, Meerstraat 60, B-1852 Grimbergen, Belgium. bruno.vandeneede@eshre.com BACKGROUND: European results of assisted reproductive techniques (ARTs) from treatments initiated during 2003 are presented in this seventh report. METHODS: Data were mainly collected from already existing national registers. From 28 countries, 725 clinics reported 365 103 treatment cycles with: IVF 132 932, ICSI 162 149, frozen embryo replacement (FER) 60 412, oocyte donation (OD) 7548, PGD/PGS 1956 and IVM 109. Overall, this represents a 13% increase since 2002. For the third time, results on European data on intrauterine inseminations (IUIs) were reported from 19 countries. A total of 99 577 cycles (IUI-H, 82 834; IUI-D, 16 743) were included. RESULTS: In those 15 countries where all clinics reported to the register, a total of 284 765 cycles were performed in a population of 278.7 million, corresponding to 1022 cycles per million inhabitants. For IVF, the clinical pregnancy rates per aspiration and per transfer were 26.1 and 29.6%, respectively. For ICSI, the corresponding rates were 26.5 and 28.7%. After IUI-H, the clinical pregnancy rate was 12.2% in women below 40 years and 8.8% in women > or =40 years. After IVF and ICSI, the distribution of transfer of one, two, three and four or more embryos was 15.7, 55.9, 24.9 and 3.5%, respectively. Compared to the year 2002, fewer embryos were transferred, but huge differences still exist between countries. The distribution of singleton, twin and triplet deliveries for IVF and ICSI combined was 76.7, 22.0 and 1.1%, respectively. This gives a total multiple delivery rate of 23.1% compared with 24.5% in 2002. The range of triplet deliveries after IVF and ICSI varied from 0.0 to 4.4% between countries. After IUI-H in women below 40 years of age, 11.4% were twin and 2.2% triplet gestations.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dem053","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48794067"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/dem053"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17470881"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q48794067"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prospective-study-of-hormonal-contraception-and-womens-risk-of-hiv-infection-in-south-africa-rec9dc9dpedtvmisy/","name":"Prospective study of hormonal contraception and women's risk of HIV infection in South Africa","headline":"Prospective study of hormonal contraception and women's risk of HIV infection in South Africa","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prospective-study-of-hormonal-contraception-and-womens-risk-of-hiv-infection-in-south-africa-rec9dc9dpedtvmisy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Landon Myer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8106-7658","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Cape Town","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03p74gp79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas C Wright","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7184-5199","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Louise Kuhn","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2305-8665","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lynette Denny","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Cape Town","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03p74gp79"}}],"datePublished":"2006-12-14","abstract":"Background: Many women using hormonal contraceptives are also at risk of sexually transmitted HIV infection, but data are mixed on whether hormonal contraception increases women's risk of HIV. We investigated associations between HIV incidence and use of combined oral contraceptives (COC), norethindrone enanthate (NET-EN) or depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) in a cohort of South African women.\n\nMethods: Participants were 4200 HIV-negative women aged 35-49 years enrolled into a cervical cancer screening trial. At enrollment, women were tested for sexually transmitted infections and reported on their sexual behaviour and contraceptive use. During the 24 months of follow-up, women reported on their sexual behaviours and contraceptive use and underwent repeat HIV testing.\n\nResults: During the 5010 person-years of follow-up, 111 incident HIV infections were observed (HIV incidence, 2.2 infections/100 person-years). At enrollment, 21% of women reported using hormonal contraception, primarily DMPA (14% of all women) or NET-EN (5%). After adjusting for sexual risk behaviours and sexually transmitted infections, the incidence of HIV was similar among women using COC, NET-EN or DMPA compared with women not using any hormonal method [incidence rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals, 0.65, 0.16-2.66; 0.79, 0.31-2.02 and 0.96, 0.58-1.59, respectively]. There was also no association between increased duration of DMPA use and HIV incidence (P-value for trend, 0.51).\n\nConclusions: These findings contribute to the evidence from general population cohorts of women that hormonal contraceptive use is not associated with increased risk of HIV acquisition. Nonetheless, family planning services are an important venue for HIV prevention activities.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"36","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Int J Epidemiol"}}},"pageStart":"166","pageEnd":"174","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyl251","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46352887"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/ije/dyl251"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17175547"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46352887"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metformin-reduces-abortion-in-pregnant-women-with-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-rec74uzvntvaakfbx/","name":"Metformin reduces abortion in pregnant women with polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"Metformin reduces abortion in pregnant women with polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metformin-reduces-abortion-in-pregnant-women-with-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-rec74uzvntvaakfbx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sherif Khattab","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0141-8543","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Misr International University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/030vg1t69"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hesham Al-Inany","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5914-0510","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cairo University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03q21mh05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ismail Aboul Foutouh","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Misr International University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/030vg1t69"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mohamed Moaz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cairo University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03q21mh05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Iman Abdel Mohsen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cairo University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03q21mh05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ashraf Ramadan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4820-151X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cairo University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03q21mh05"}}],"datePublished":"2006-12-13","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are considered to be at increased risk of miscarriage. Since metformin has beneficial effects on the risk factors contributing to first-trimester abortion in PCOS patients, we hypothesized that metformin - owing to its metabolic, endocrine, vascular and anti-inflammatory effects - may reduce the incidence of first-trimester abortion in PCOS women.\n\nMATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective cohort study was set up to determine the beneficial effects of metformin on PCOS patients during pregnancy. Two hundred non-diabetic PCOS patients were evaluated while undergoing assisted reproduction. One hundred and twenty patients became pregnant while taking metformin, and continued taking metformin at a dose of 1000-2000 mg daily throughout pregnancy. Eighty women who discontinued metformin use at the time of conception or during pregnancy comprised the control group.\n\nRESULTS: Both groups were similar with respect to all background characteristics (age, body mass index, waist/hip ratio, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels). Rates of early pregnancy loss in the metformin group were 11.6% compared with 36.3% in the control group (p < 0.0001; odds ratio = 0.23, 95% confidence interval 0.11-0.42).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Administration of metformin throughout pregnancy to women with PCOS was associated with a marked and significant reduction in the rate of early pregnancy loss.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Gynecological Endocrinology : the Official Journal of the International Society  of Gynecological Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"680","pageEnd":"684","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/09513590601010508","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34590034"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/09513590601010508"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17162710"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34590034"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fsh-and-bone--important-physiology-or-not-recnlg9uzaujry69v/","name":"FSH and bone--important physiology or not?","headline":"FSH and bone--important physiology or not?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fsh-and-bone--important-physiology-or-not-recnlg9uzaujry69v/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2006-12-05","abstract":"For many years, osteoporosis in women was equated with estrogen deficiency. The recent articles by Zaidi and colleagues offer a new challenge to the estrogen-deficiency-osteoporosis hypothesis by showing that follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) stimulates osteoclastic bone resorption perhaps through tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). These authors, however, neglected to mention bone abnormalities and high testosterone levels that were previously shown in FSH-receptor knockout and other modified mice. It is also possible that they have overemphasized potential relationships of these new data with human bone loss. Despite these fascinating data, the paradigm of FSH causing hypogonadal bone loss is not yet ready to displace the estrogen-deficiency-osteoporosis paradigm, although that model already faces considerable challenge.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Trends in Molecular Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"1","pageEnd":"3","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molmed.2006.11.004","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q53130273"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.molmed.2006.11.004"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17141571"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q53130273"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relationship-between-seminal-ascorbic-acid-and-sperm-dna-integrity-in-infertile--w6q4q3sr/","name":"Relationship between seminal ascorbic acid and sperm DNA integrity in infertile men","headline":"Relationship between seminal ascorbic acid and sperm DNA integrity in infertile men","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relationship-between-seminal-ascorbic-acid-and-sperm-dna-integrity-in-infertile--w6q4q3sr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Song GJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Norkus EP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lewis V"}],"datePublished":"2006-12-01","abstract":"Ascorbic acid has recently been reported to protect sperm DNA from the damage induced by exogenous oxidative stress in vitro. But, there is no report on seminal ascorbic acid and sperm DNA fragmentation in infertile men. In this study, we asked whether sperm DNA damage correlates with seminal ascorbic acid levels. Sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) was analysed in 75 men by flow cytometry after acridine orange staining. We also measured the levels of seminal plasma ascorbic acid and total antioxidant capacity. Abnormal sperm DNA integrity (DFI >or= 30%) was observed in 12% of the patients with normal semen parameters and in 52% of the patients with abnormal semen parameters. There were significant correlations between the level of DFI and conventional semen parameters including sperm count, motility and morphology (r = -0.29, -0.55 and -0.53 respectively; p < 0.05). Seminal ascorbic acid level was significantly lower in the patients with leucospermia than the patient with normal semen parameters. Interestingly, a significantly greater percentage of men with abnormal DFI were observed in the patients with low levels of seminal ascorbic acid compared with those with normal or high levels of ascorbic acid (59% vs. 33%, p < 0.05). Men with insufficient seminal ascorbic acid frequently have sperm DNA damage.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"29","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International journal of andrology"}}},"pageStart":"569","pageEnd":"75","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2605.2006.00700.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79377193"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1365-2605.2006.00700.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17121654"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q79377193"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recent-declines-in-hormone-therapy-utilization-and-breast-cancer-incidence-clini-2flgpm7m/","name":"Recent Declines in Hormone Therapy Utilization and Breast Cancer Incidence: Clinical and Population-Based Evidence","headline":"Recent Declines in Hormone Therapy Utilization and Breast Cancer Incidence: Clinical and Population-Based Evidence","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recent-declines-in-hormone-therapy-utilization-and-breast-cancer-incidence-clini-2flgpm7m/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Clarke CA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Glaser SL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Uratsu CS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Selby JV"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kushi LH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Herrinton LJ"}],"datePublished":"2006-11-20","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"33","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Clinical Oncology"}}},"pageStart":"e49-e50","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.08.6504","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45943068"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1200/jco.2006.08.6504"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q45943068"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/what-is-the-number-of-older-canadians-needed-to-screen-by-measurement-of-bone-de-recihk7tysr87dpvo/","name":"What is the number of older Canadians needed to screen by measurement of bone  density to detect an undiagnosed case of osteoporosis? a population-based study  from CaMos","headline":"What is the number of older Canadians needed to screen by measurement of bone  density to detect an undiagnosed case of osteoporosis? a population-based study  from CaMos","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/what-is-the-number-of-older-canadians-needed-to-screen-by-measurement-of-bone-de-recihk7tysr87dpvo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A M Sawka","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4152-5578","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton","sameAs":"https://ror.org/009z39p97"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Ioannidis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6956-5737","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Hanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lehana Thabane","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8307-3568","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Impact","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05d9dsr70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emmanuel A Papadimitropoulos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3688-523X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eli Lilly (Canada)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p8kt313"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amiran Gafni","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8279-8172","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Pickard","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Joseph's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02cmyty27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tassos Anastassiades","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5805-0364","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan Kirkland","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8182-2369","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"the CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandra Papaioannou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9412-0932","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Timothy M Murray","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7060-980X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert G Josse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-6264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}}],"datePublished":"2006-11-14","abstract":"Routine bone mineral densitometry (BMD) screening has been recommended for women aged >or=65 yr (Osteoporosis Canada [OC], International Society for Clinical Densitometry [ISCD], Canadian and United States Task Forces on Preventative Healthcare, and National Osteoporosis Foundation) and for men >or=65 yr (OC) or >or=70 yr (ISCD). We estimated the number of older Canadians needed to screen (NNS) by BMD to detect an undiagnosed case of osteoporosis, using prospective, multicenter, population-based data from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos). We included participants aged >or=65 yr with baseline dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) BMDs at the femoral neck and lumbar spine (L1-L4). Osteoporosis was defined by a T-score or=65 yr. The percentage prevalence and 95% confidence intervals were determined. In individuals aged >or=65 yr, the prevalence of osteoporosis was 25.6% in women (95% confidence interval, 24.0%, 27.3%) and 8.9% in men (7.3%, 10.8%). In 652 men aged >or=70 yr, the prevalence of osteoporosis was 11.3% (9.1%, 14.0%). Of the participants with BMD-defined osteoporosis, 76.6% of woman aged >or=65 yr (73.2%, 79.6%; 516 of 674 women), 93.4% of men aged >or=65 yr (86.4%, 96.9%; 85 of 91), and 93.2% of men >or=70 yr (84.9%, 97.0%; 68 of 73) were not aware of it. Thus, the minimum NNS by BMD testing to detect one previously undiagnosed case of osteoporosis in Canada is: 6 women aged >or=65 yr, 13 men aged >or=65 yr, and 10 men aged >or=70 yr.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Clinical Densitometry : the Official Journal of the International  Society for Clinical Densitometry"}}},"pageStart":"413","pageEnd":"418","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocd.2006.07.004","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44903770"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jocd.2006.07.004"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17097526"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44903770"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstruation-in-girls-and-adolescents-using-the-menstrual-cycle-as-a-vital-sign-recwjmvxby2m7mjtc/","name":"Menstruation in girls and adolescents: using the menstrual cycle as a vital sign","headline":"Menstruation in girls and adolescents: using the menstrual cycle as a vital sign","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstruation-in-girls-and-adolescents-using-the-menstrual-cycle-as-a-vital-sign-recwjmvxby2m7mjtc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Adolescence"},{"@type":"Person","name":"American Academy of Pediatrics"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Committee on Adolescence"},{"@type":"Person","name":"American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Committee on Adolescent Health Care"},{"@type":"Person","name":"American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Committee on Adolescent Health Care"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lesley L Breech"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Angela Diaz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3824-7485"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marc R Laufer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6295-987X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}}],"datePublished":"2006-11-03","abstract":"Young patients and their parents often are unsure about what represents normal menstrual patterns, and clinicians also may be unsure about normal ranges for menstrual cycle length and amount and duration of flow through adolescence. It is important to be able to educate young patients and their parents regarding what to expect of a first period and about the range for normal cycle length of subsequent menses. It is equally important for clinicians to have an understanding of bleeding patterns in girls and adolescents, the ability to differentiate between normal and abnormal menstruation, and the skill to know how to evaluate young patients' conditions appropriately. Using the menstrual cycle as an additional vital sign adds a powerful tool to the assessment of normal development and the exclusion of pathological conditions.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"118","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Pediatrics"}}},"pageStart":"2245","pageEnd":"2250","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2006-2481","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34578504"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1542/peds.2006-2481"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17079600"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34578504"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/whats-the-delay-a-qualitative-study-of-womens-experiences-of-reaching-a-diagnosi-40paosad/","name":"What's the delay? A qualitative study of women's experiences of reaching a diagnosis of endometriosis","headline":"What's the delay? A qualitative study of women's experiences of reaching a diagnosis of endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/whats-the-delay-a-qualitative-study-of-womens-experiences-of-reaching-a-diagnosi-40paosad/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen Ballard"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lowton K","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8453-0196"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wright J","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2797-5436"}],"datePublished":"2006-11-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To investigate the reasons women experience delays in the diagnosis of endometriosis and the impact of this. DESIGN: A qualitative interview-based study of 32 women, 28 of whom were subsequently diagnosed with endometriosis. SETTING: Southeast England. PATIENT(S): Women attending a pelvic pain clinic. INTERVENTION(S): Semistructured interviews. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Women's reported experiences of being diagnosed with endometriosis. RESULT(S): Delays in the diagnosis of endometriosis occur at an individual patient level and a medical level, as both women and family doctors normalize symptoms, symptoms are suppressed through hormones, and nondiscriminatory investigations are relied upon. Women benefited from a diagnosis, because it provided a language in which to discuss their condition, offered possible management strategies to control symptoms, and provided reassurance that symptoms were not due to cancer. Diagnosis also sanctioned women's access to social support and legitimized absences from social and work obligations. CONCLUSION(S): Although recent guidelines for the management of chronic pelvic pain suggest that diagnostic laparoscopy may be considered a secondary investigation after the failure of therapeutic interventions, the present study highlights the importance of an early diagnosis for women who suffer at physical, emotional, and social levels when they remain undiagnosed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.04.054","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56627431"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.04.054"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17070183"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q56627431"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/infertility-and-assisted-reproduction-in-denmark-epidemiology-and-psychosocial-c-reclfnlz3dqbbi1lp/","name":"Infertility and assisted reproduction in Denmark. Epidemiology and psychosocial consequences","headline":"Infertility and assisted reproduction in Denmark. Epidemiology and psychosocial consequences","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/infertility-and-assisted-reproduction-in-denmark-epidemiology-and-psychosocial-c-reclfnlz3dqbbi1lp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lone Schmidt","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0372-9388","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035b05819"}}],"datePublished":"2006-11-01","abstract":"Clinically a couple is considered to be infertile after at least one year without contraception and without pregnancy. There was scant knowledge about the prevalences of infertility, involuntary childlessness and the seeking of fertility treatment and only few longitudinal studies about the psychosocial consequences of infertility and its treatment. This thesis is about the epidemiological aspects of infertility; the conceptualization and measurement of important psychosocial aspects of infertility; and a medical sociological analysis of the associations between these psychosocial variables among Danish women and men in fertility treatment. The thesis is based on nine papers. The three main purposes were: (i) to review critically, population based studies of infertility and medical care seeking in industrialised countries. Further, to examine these prevalences and subsequent motherhood among women in former assisted reproduction in a Danish population. (ii) To develop measures of psychosocial consequences of infertility: fertility problem stress, marital benefit, communication, coping strategies, attitudes to and evaluation of fertility treatment. (iii) To examine these phenomena and to analyse their interrelations among Danish women and men in fertility treatment. The thesis is based on four empirical studies: (i) The Women and Health Survey, a cross-sectional population-based study among 15-44 year old women (n=907, 25-44 year old) in Copenhagen County, 1989. (ii) The Psychosocial Infertility Interview Study, a qualitative interview study among 16 couples (n=2 participants) infertility treatment at The Fertility Clinic, Herlev University Hospital,1992. (iii) The Infertility Cohort, a longitudinal cohort study consecutively including all couples (n=250 participants) beginning anew fertility treatment period at one of four public (Braedstrup, Herlev, Odense, Rigshospitalet) and one private fertility clinic (Trianglen),2000-2002. (iv) The Communication and Stress Management Training Programme, an intervention study among couples(n=74 participants) in fertility treatment at The Fertility Clinic, The Juliane Marie Centre, Rigshospitalet, 2001-2003. Included is also a literature review of population-based infertility studies from industrialised countries. Data from (iii) and (iv) are studies from The Copenhagen Multi-centre Psychosocial Infertility (COMPI) Research Programme (www.compipro.dk). Epidemiological and demographic studies investigating the prevalences of infertility differed in how they defined the numerator (the infertile participants) and the denominator (the population at risk). It was important to calculate reliable estimates of the infertility prevalence by including only women who had tried to have at least one child in the population at risk, as a notable proportion of women in the fertile ages had not (yet) attempted to become a mother. The lifetime prevalence of infertility in the representative population-based study was 26.4%. In the age group 35 to 44 years 5.8% were primarily involuntarily in fecund (involuntarily childless). Even in a country with access to fertility treatment in a public health-care system without self-payment lower education was a predictor of lower treatment seeking. In the cohort study (2000-2002)of couples starting a new period of assisted reproduction treatment 62.6% reported a treatment-related pregnancy at the one-year follow-up. In total 32.4% reported a treatment-related delivery. In total 24.2% reported a current continuing pregnancy and spontaneous pregnancies accounted for 2.7% of these. We developed measures of fertility problem stress, marital benefit(that infertility has brought the partners closer together and strengthened their marriage), partner communication, infertility related communication, coping strategies, attitudes to fertility treatment and evaluation of care. The medical sociological analyses showed that the variables of psychosocial consequences of infertility and treatment are interwoven with each others in a complex pattern, a pattern that both differed and was similar when comparing women and men. The infertility-related communication strategy (secrecy, formal, open-minded)identified in the qualitative interviews was later confirmed in the COMPI Infertility Cohort. Using the formal strategy and not talking about the emotional aspects of infertility and its treatment suggested high fertility problem stress. The coping strategies studied showed significant social differences and active-avoidance coping was a significant predictor of high fertility problem stress. A positive effect of infertility on the marriage, marital benefit was common. Men using the secrecy communication strategy had increased risk of low marital benefit. Difficult partner communication was a significant predictor of high fertility problem stress and among men, of low marital benefit. The intervention study showed that it was possible for the participants to change their communication with partner and other people close to them and that participants achieved an increased awareness of what, how much and when to discuss with others. High fertility problem stress and high marital benefit were associated with high importance ratings of patient-centred care and intentions to use professional psychosocial services. Among women, high fertility problem stress was a predictor of lower satisfaction ratings with fertility treatment. High marital benefit was a predictor of high satisfaction ratings of both medical and patient-centred care. In conclusion, infertility is a common experience among couples attempting to become parents. Assisted reproduction in the public health-care system in Denmark has high success rates, i.e. pregnancies,deliveries and high patient satisfaction. A large minority of people in fertility treatment experience high fertility problem stress,and some use communication and coping strategies that predicts high stress. Developing and evaluating different psychosocial interventions are necessary to offer the psychosocial support needed for this minority of fertility patients.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"53","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Danish medical bulletin"}}},"pageStart":"390","pageEnd":"417","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36675599","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17150146"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36675599"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lowdose-naltreoxone-for-the-treatment-of-irritable-bowel-syndrome-a-pilot-study-ceehxhxd/","name":"Low-Dose Naltreoxone for the Treatment of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Pilot Study","headline":"Low-Dose Naltreoxone for the Treatment of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Pilot Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lowdose-naltreoxone-for-the-treatment-of-irritable-bowel-syndrome-a-pilot-study-ceehxhxd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kariv R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tiomny E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Grenshpon R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dekel R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Waisman G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ringel Y"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Halpern Z"}],"datePublished":"2006-11-01","abstract":"Preclinical studies have shown that a very low dose of naltreoxone hydrochloride (NTX), an opiate antagonist, can block excitatory opioid receptors without affecting inhibitory opioid receptors, resulting in analgesic potency without side effects. The present study assessed the efficacy and safety of PTI-901 (low-dose NTX) treatment in Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients. Forty-two IBS patients participated in an open-label study. Participants received 0.5 mg PTI-901/day for 4 weeks and were evaluated during baseline, during treatment, and at 4-week follow-up. Patients recorded degree of abdominal pain, stool urgency, consistency, and frequency. Primary outcomes were number of pain-free days and overall symptom relief, evaluated by a global assessment score. Data were analyzed per protocol. Global assessment improved in 76% of 42 patients. During treatment, the mean weekly number of pain-free days increased from 0.5+/-1 to 1.25+/-2.14 (P=0.011). There were no significant adverse reactions. PTI-901 improves pain and overall feeling, and is well tolerated by IBS patients. A large, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study is justified.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"51","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Digestive Diseases and Sciences"}}},"pageStart":"2128","pageEnd":"2133","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-006-9289-8","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s10620-006-9289-8"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/altered-semen-quality-in-relation-to-urinary-concentrations-of-phthalate-monoest-gjtxqtlr/","name":"Altered semen quality in relation to urinary concentrations of phthalate monoester and oxidative metabolites","headline":"Altered semen quality in relation to urinary concentrations of phthalate monoester and oxidative metabolites","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/altered-semen-quality-in-relation-to-urinary-concentrations-of-phthalate-monoest-gjtxqtlr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hauser R","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1899-3982"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Meeker JD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Duty S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Silva MJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Calafat AM"}],"datePublished":"2006-11-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Phthalates are multifunctional chemicals used in a variety of consumer, medical, and personal care products. Previously, we reported dose-response associations of decreased semen quality with urinary concentrations of monobutyl phthalate (MBP) and monobenzyl (MBzP) phthalate, which are metabolites of dibutyl phthalate and butylbenzyl phthalate, respectively. The present study extends our work in a larger sample of men and includes measurements of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) oxidative metabolites.\n\nMETHODS: Between January 2000 and May 2004, we recruited 463 male partners of subfertile couples who presented for semen analysis to the Massachusetts General Hospital. Semen parameters were dichotomized based on World Health Organization reference values for sperm concentration (<20 million/mL) and motility (<50% motile) and the Tygerberg Kruger Strict criteria for morphology (<4% normal). The comparison group was men with all 3 semen parameters above the reference values. In a single spot urine sample from each man, phthalate metabolites were measured using solid-phase extraction coupled to high-performance liquid chromatography isotope-dilution tandem mass spectrometry.\n\nRESULTS: There were dose-response relationships of MBP with low sperm concentration (odds ratio per quartile adjusted for age, abstinence time, and smoking status = 1.00, 3.1, 2.5, 3.3; P for trend = 0.04) and motility (1.0, 1.5, 1.5, 1.8; P for trend = 0.04). There was suggestive evidence of an association between the highest MBzP quartile and low sperm concentration (1.00, 1.1, 1.1, 1.9; P for trend = 0.13). There were no relationships of monoethyl phthalate, monomethyl phthalate, and the DEHP metabolites with these semen parameters.\n\nCONCLUSION: The present study confirms previous results on the relationship of altered semen quality with exposure to MBP at general population levels. We did not find associations between semen parameters and 3 DEHP metabolites.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)"}}},"pageStart":"682","pageEnd":"91","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ede.0000235996.89953.d7","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/01.ede.0000235996.89953.d7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17003688"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/perimenopause-lost-reframing-the-end-of-menstruation-recn2p1zqdxlzr0kd/","name":"Perimenopause lost—reframing the end of menstruation","headline":"Perimenopause lost—reframing the end of menstruation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/perimenopause-lost-reframing-the-end-of-menstruation-recn2p1zqdxlzr0kd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2006-11-01","abstract":"Ordinary women and official statements confuse and conflate perimenopause—the long, complex, life phase of higher and chaotic estrogen levels—with the low and stable estrogen levels of menopause. This paints both perimenopause and menopause with an inaccurate ‘estrogen deficiency’ brush. Menopause is the hormonal, and (except for hot flushes) the experiential opposite of perimenopause. This feminist analysis is from my perspective as physician‐scientist who experienced a perimenopause that was scientifically enlightening, but personally agonizing. Denial of perimenopausal and menopausal differences causes perimenopause to be ‘lost’ in several ways: (1) we may assume that perimenopause is chronic rather than ending in a largely asymptomatic menopause; (2) societal taboos isolate us, depriving us of solidarity with perimenopause ‘survivors’; (3) we are told we have dropping estrogen levels when our experiences, like pregnancy dreams, tell us the opposite; (4) gynaecology treats heavy flow with estrogen despite higher perimenopausal estrogen levels; (5) feminists ignore hormonal changes and attribute perimenopausal symptoms to (real) stresses of inferior social status and ageing; and (6) many of us thus become menopausal without the unique, self‐actualization experience that perimenopause has the potential to provide. Thus perimenopause—a valuable transition into knowing and standing up for ourselves—becomes lost.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of reproductive and infant psychology"}}},"pageStart":"323","pageEnd":"335","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02646830600974071","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/02646830600974071"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/measuring-fecundity-with-standardised-estimates-of-expected-pregnancies-rec5irefu5tnw4h56/","name":"Measuring fecundity with standardised estimates of expected pregnancies","headline":"Measuring fecundity with standardised estimates of expected pregnancies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/measuring-fecundity-with-standardised-estimates-of-expected-pregnancies-rec5irefu5tnw4h56/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rafael Mikolajczyk","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1271-7204","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bielefeld University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02hpadn98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2006-10-26","abstract":"Approaches to measuring fecundity include the assessment of time to pregnancy and day-specific probabilities of conception (daily fecundities) indexed to a day of ovulation. In this paper, we develop an additional approach of calculating expected pregnancies based on daily fecundities indexed to the last day of the menstrual cycle. Expected pregnancies can thus be calculated while controlling for frequency and timing of coitus. Comparing observed pregnancies with expected pregnancies allows for a standardised comparison of fecundity between studies or groups within studies, and can be used to assess the effects of categorical covariates on the woman or couple level, and also on the cycle level. This can be accomplished in a minimal data set that does not necessarily require hormonal measurement or the explicit identification of ovulation. We demonstrate this approach by examining the effects of age and parity on fecundity in a data set from women monitoring their fertility cycles with the Creighton Model FertilityCare System.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"20 Suppl 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"s1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology"}}},"pageStart":"43","pageEnd":"50","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3016.2006.00770.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59238806"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1365-3016.2006.00770.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17061973"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q59238806"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estimation-of-the-day-specific-probabilities-of-conception-current-state-of-the--reczn8tltmfilxhhq/","name":"Estimation of the day-specific probabilities of conception: current state of the  knowledge and the relevance for epidemiological research","headline":"Estimation of the day-specific probabilities of conception: current state of the  knowledge and the relevance for epidemiological research","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estimation-of-the-day-specific-probabilities-of-conception-current-state-of-the--reczn8tltmfilxhhq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Courtney D Lynch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4642-9772","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Germaine M Buck Louis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1774-4490","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Buck Louis GM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leila W Jackson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Case Western Reserve University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/051fd9666"}}],"datePublished":"2006-10-26","abstract":"Conception, as defined by the fertilisation of an ovum by a sperm, marks the beginning of human development. Currently, a biomarker of conception is not available; as conception occurs shortly after ovulation, the latter can be used as a proxy for the time of conception. In the absence of serial ultrasound examinations, ovulation cannot be readily visualised leaving researchers to rely on proxy measures of ovulation that are subject to error. The most commonly used proxy measures include: charting basal body temperature, monitoring cervical mucus, and measuring urinary metabolites of oestradiol and luteinising hormone. Establishing the timing of the ovulation and the fertile window has practical utility in that it will assist couples in appropriately timing intercourse to achieve or avoid pregnancy. Identifying the likely day of conception is clinically relevant because it has the potential to facilitate more accurate pregnancy dating, thereby reducing the iatrogenic risks associated with uncertain gestation. Using data from prospective studies of couples attempting to conceive, several researchers have developed models for estimating the day-specific probabilities of conception. Elucidating these will allow researchers to more accurately estimate the day of conception, thus spawning research initiatives that will expand our current limited knowledge about the effect of exposures at critical periconceptional windows. While basal body temperature charting and cervical mucus monitoring have been used with success in field-based studies for many years, recent advances in science and technology have made it possible for women to get instant feedback regarding their daily fertility status by monitoring urinary metabolites of reproductive hormones in the privacy of their own homes. Not only are innovations such as luteinising hormone test kits and digital fertility monitors likely to increase study compliance and participation rates, they provide valuable prospective data that can be used in epidemiological research. Although we have made great strides in estimating the timing and length of the fertile window, more work is needed to elucidate the day-specific probabilities of conception using proxy measures of ovulation that are inherently subject to error. Modelling approaches that incorporate the use of multiple markers of ovulation offer great promise to fill these important data gaps.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"20 Suppl 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"s1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology"}}},"pageStart":"3","pageEnd":"12","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3016.2006.00765.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39772835"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1365-3016.2006.00765.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17061968"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39772835"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptive-use-as-a-risk-factor-for-premenopausal-breast-cancer-a-meta-a-recadinwrnfasvgjy/","name":"Oral contraceptive use as a risk factor for premenopausal breast cancer: a meta-analysis","headline":"Oral contraceptive use as a risk factor for premenopausal breast cancer: a meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptive-use-as-a-risk-factor-for-premenopausal-breast-cancer-a-meta-a-recadinwrnfasvgjy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Francesmary Modugno","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0637-1534","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UPMC Hillman Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bw34a45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chris Kahlenborn","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Polycarp Research Institute, Enola, PA, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01mkye871"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Douglas M Potter","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UPMC Hillman Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bw34a45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Walter B Severs","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01h22ap11"}}],"datePublished":"2006-10-14","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To perform a meta-analysis of case-control studies that addressed whether prior oral contraceptive (OC) use is associated with premenopausal breast cancer.\n\nMETHODS: We searched the MEDLINE and PubMed databases and bibliography reviews to identify case-control studies of OCs and premenopausal breast cancer published in or after 1980. Search terms used included breast neoplasms, oral contraceptives, contraceptive agents, and case-control studies. Studies reported in all languages were included. Thirty-four studies were identified that met inclusion criteria. Two reviewers extracted data from original research articles or additional data provided by study authors. We used the DerSimonian-Laird method to compute pooled odds ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals (CIs) and the Mantel-Haenszel test to assess association between OC use and cancer.\n\nRESULTS: Use of OCs was associated with an increased risk of premenopausal breast cancer in general (OR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.09-1.29) and across various patterns of OC use. Among studies that provided data on nulliparous and parous women separately, OC use was associated with breast cancer risk in both parous (OR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.20-1.40) and nulliparous (OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 0.92-1.67) women. Longer duration of use did not substantially alter risk in nulliparous women (OR, 1.29; 95% CI, 0.85-1.96). Among parous women, the association was stronger when OCs were used before first full-term pregnancy (FFTP) (OR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.28-1.62) than after FFTP (OR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.06-1.26). The association between OC use and breast cancer risk was greatest for parous women who used OCs 4 or more years before FFTP (OR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.26-1.82).\n\nCONCLUSION: Use of OCs is associated with an increased risk of premenopausal breast cancer, especially with use before FFTP in parous women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"81","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Mayo Clinic Proceedings"}}},"pageStart":"1290","pageEnd":"1302","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.4065/81.10.1290","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34573557"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4065/81.10.1290"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17036554"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34573557"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/its-all-in-the-timing-coital-frequency-and-fertility-awareness-based-methods-of--recuaec4sljyaffhv/","name":"It's all in the timing: coital frequency and fertility awareness-based methods of  family planning","headline":"It's all in the timing: coital frequency and fertility awareness-based methods of  family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/its-all-in-the-timing-coital-frequency-and-fertility-awareness-based-methods-of--recuaec4sljyaffhv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Irit Sinai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2445-7577","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute for Reproductive Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00jt1e157"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marcos Arévalo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5877-4824","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}}],"datePublished":"2006-10-13","abstract":"Fertility awareness-based methods of family planning help women to identify the days of the cycle they should avoid unprotected intercourse to prevent pregnancy. Therefore using fertility awareness-based methods influences the timing of sexual activity, which may affect the nature of the sexual relationship. Data are used from the clinical trials of two fertility awareness-based methods--the Standard Days Method and the TwoDay Method--to determine the frequency and timing of intercourse during the cycle, and the determinants of coital frequency. The mean coital frequency of study participants was similar to that reported by users of other methods. Results suggest that coital frequency increases with consecutive cycles of method use. At the same time the frequency of intercourse during the identified fertile days and during menses decreases. This evidence implies a behavioural change as couples get more experience using their method and communicating about the fertile days. Coital frequency was also influenced by the method used and by the study sites. Potential differences between the methods and sites that may contribute to this effect are discussed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"38","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Biosocial Science"}}},"pageStart":"763","pageEnd":"777","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021932005027227","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79213140"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1017/S0021932005027227"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17029661"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q79213140"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-case-against-ergocalciferol-vitamin-d2-as-a-vitamin-supplement-recqdrqzymvww0jq4/","name":"The case against ergocalciferol (vitamin D2) as a vitamin supplement","headline":"The case against ergocalciferol (vitamin D2) as a vitamin supplement","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-case-against-ergocalciferol-vitamin-d2-as-a-vitamin-supplement-recqdrqzymvww0jq4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa A Houghton","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2276-6205","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Acadia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00839we02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Reinhold Vieth","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7489-7816","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}}],"datePublished":"2006-10-07","abstract":"Supplemental vitamin D is available in 2 distinct forms: ergocalciferol (vitamin D2) and cholecalciferol (vitamin D3). Pharmacopoeias have officially regarded these 2 forms as equivalent and interchangeable, yet this presumption of equivalence is based on studies of rickets prevention in infants conducted 70 y ago. The emergence of 25-hydroxyvitamin D as a measure of vitamin D status provides an objective, quantitative measure of the biological response to vitamin D administration. As a result, vitamin D3 has proven to be the more potent form of vitamin D in all primate species, including humans. Despite an emerging body of evidence suggesting several plausible explanations for the greater bioefficacy of vitamin D3, the form of vitamin D used in major preparations of prescriptions in North America is vitamin D2. The case that vitamin D2 should no longer be considered equivalent to vitamin D3 is based on differences in their efficacy at raising serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, diminished binding of vitamin D2 metabolites to vitamin D binding protein in plasma, and a nonphysiologic metabolism and shorter shelf life of vitamin D2. Vitamin D2, or ergocalciferol, should not be regarded as a nutrient suitable for supplementation or fortification.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"84","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"}}},"pageStart":"694","pageEnd":"697","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/84.4.694","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33845087"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/ajcn/84.4.694"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17023693"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33845087"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/brca1-and-brca2-mutation-carriers-oral-contraceptive-use-and-breast-cancer-befor-recpec4lpfzpt3nja/","name":"BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers, oral contraceptive use, and breast cancer  before age 50","headline":"BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers, oral contraceptive use, and breast cancer  before age 50","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/brca1-and-brca2-mutation-carriers-oral-contraceptive-use-and-breast-cancer-befor-recpec4lpfzpt3nja/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Haile RW, Thomas DC, McGuire V, Felberg A, John EM, Milne RL, Hopper JL, Jenkins MA, Levine AJ, Daly MM, Buys SS, Senie RT, Andrulis IL, Knight JA, Godwin AK, Southey M, McCredie MR, Giles GG, Andrews L, Tucker K, Miron A, Apicella C, Tesoriero A, Bane A, Pike MC, Whittemore AS"}],"datePublished":"2006-10-06","abstract":"Background: Understanding the effect of oral contraceptives on risk of breast cancer in BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers is important because oral contraceptive use is a common, modifiable practice.\n\nMethods: We studied 497 BRCA1 and 307 BRCA2 mutation carriers, of whom 195 and 128, respectively, had been diagnosed with breast cancer. Case-control analyses were conducted using unconditional logistic regression with adjustments for family history and familial relationships and were restricted to subjects with a reference age under 50 years.\n\nResults: For BRCA1 mutation carriers, there was no significant association between risk of breast cancer and use of oral contraceptives for at least 1 year [odds ratio (OR), 0.77; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.53-1.12] or duration of oral contraceptive use (P(trend) = 0.62). For BRCA2 mutation carriers, there was no association with use of oral contraceptives for at least 1 year (OR, 1.62; 95% CI, 0.90-2.92); however, there was an association of elevated risk with oral contraceptive use for at least 5 years (OR, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.08-3.94) and with duration of use (OR(trend) per year of use, 1.08; P = 0.008). Similar results were obtained when we considered only use of oral contraceptives that first started in 1975 or later.\n\nConclusions: We found no evidence overall that use of oral contraceptives for at least 1 year is associated with breast cancer risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers before age 50. For BRCA2 mutation carriers, use of oral contraceptives may be associated with an increased risk of breast cancer among women who use them for at least 5 years. Further studies reporting results separately for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers are needed to resolve this important issue.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention : a Publication of the American  Association for Cancer Research, Cosponsored by the American Society of  Preventive Oncology"}}},"pageStart":"1863","pageEnd":"1870","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-06-0258","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34571646"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-06-0258"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17021353"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34571646"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/environmental-factors-in-inflammatory-bowel-disease-a-co-twin-control-study-of-a-recbwt8fsnd85l9uo/","name":"Environmental factors in inflammatory bowel disease: a co-twin control study of a  Swedish-Danish twin population","headline":"Environmental factors in inflammatory bowel disease: a co-twin control study of a  Swedish-Danish twin population","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/environmental-factors-in-inflammatory-bowel-disease-a-co-twin-control-study-of-a-recbwt8fsnd85l9uo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonas Halfvarson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0122-7234","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Örebro University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02m62qy71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anders Magnuson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9911-5902","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Örebro University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02m62qy71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Scott Montgomery","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6328-5494","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Örebro University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02m62qy71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Curt Tysk","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2191-9625","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Örebro University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02m62qy71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gunnar Järnerot"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vibeke Binder","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Herlev Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wys9y90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tine Jess","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035b05819"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marianne Orholm"}],"datePublished":"2006-10-03","abstract":"Background: Genetics and environmental factors are implicated in the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We studied environmental factors in a population-based Swedish-Danish twin cohort using the co-twin control method. SUBJECTS AND\n\nMethods: A questionnaire was sent to 317 twin pairs regarding markers of exposures in the following areas: infections/colonization and diet as well as smoking, appendectomy, and oral contraceptives. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated by conditional logistic regression. When confounding appeared plausible, multivariate conditional logistic regression was added. The questions were also divided into topic groups, and adjustment was made for multiple testing within each of the groups.\n\nResults: The response rate to the questionnaire was 83%. In consideration of the study design, only discordant pairs were included (Crohn's disease [CD], n = 102; ulcerative colitis [UC], n = 125). Recurrent gastrointestinal infections were associated with both UC (OR, 8.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0-64) and CD (OR, 5.5; 95% CI, 1.2-25). Hospitalization for gastrointestinal infections was associated with CD (OR, 12; 95% CI, 1.6-92). Smoking was inversely associated with UC (OR, 0.4; 95% CI, 0.2-0.9) and associated with CD (OR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.2-7.1).\n\nConclusions: The observed associations indicate that markers of possible infectious events may influence the risk of IBD. Some of these effects might be mediated by long-term changes in gut flora or alterations in reactivity to the flora. The influence of smoking in IBD was confirmed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Inflammatory Bowel Diseases"}}},"pageStart":"925","pageEnd":"933","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/01.mib.0000228998.29466.ac","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50544354"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/01.mib.0000228998.29466.ac"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17012962"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50544354"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/knowledge-attitude-and-practice-of-natural-family-planning-methods-in-a-populati-recd348fuqynamz8m/","name":"Knowledge, attitude and practice of natural family planning methods in a  population with poor utilisation of modern contraceptives","headline":"Knowledge, attitude and practice of natural family planning methods in a  population with poor utilisation of modern contraceptives","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/knowledge-attitude-and-practice-of-natural-family-planning-methods-in-a-populati-recd348fuqynamz8m/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Shaibu Yahya","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Maiduguri","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016na8197"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amos Paul Bassi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Maiduguri","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016na8197"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B M Audu","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Maiduguri","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016na8197"}}],"datePublished":"2006-09-27","abstract":"Sub-Saharan Africa has one of the highest fertility rates in the world, which is further promoted by the low utilisation of modern contraceptive methods. Yet, many communities claim to have traditional methods of family planning that pre-date the introduction of modern contraceptives, implying that contraception is a culturally acceptable norm. It was therefore postulated that the study population would have a high level of awareness and practice of natural methods of family planning. We aimed to obtain an insight into the extent and correctness of knowledge about natural family planning methods, and its practice as a guide to the general acceptance of contraception as a concept. Pre-tested structured questionnaires were administered to women of childbearing age in households properly numbered for primary healthcare activities. The level of awareness of natural family planning methods was significantly less than awareness for modern methods of contraception. The awareness rate for rhythm method, lactational amenorrhoea method and coitus interruptus was 50.7%, 42.1% and 36.1%, respectively. For all three national family planning methods, there is a steady decline between awareness, correct description of method and utilisation, a difference that was statistically significant in all cases. The sociodemographic factors of the responders had varying influence on utilisation of all three natural family planning methods studied. Rural dwellers practised the lactational amenorrhoea method significantly more often than urban dwellers. Significantly more Muslims than Christians with four children or more practised coitus interruptus or the rhythm method, while the use of lactational amenorrhoea method was significantly increased with the number of living children in both religious groups. There is a relatively low level of awareness of natural family planning methods in the study population, poor utilisation and wrong use of methods. Therefore, improving the correct level of information on natural family planning methods is likely to improve the use of both natural family planning and modern contraceptive methods.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"26","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology : the Journal of the Institute of  Obstetrics and Gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"555","pageEnd":"560","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/01443610600811482","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39769672"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/01443610600811482"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"17000506"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39769672"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/survey-of-attitudes-regarding-natural-family-planning-in-an-urban-hispanic-popul-recfiz1053ww6vf4f/","name":"Survey of attitudes regarding natural family planning in an urban Hispanic  population","headline":"Survey of attitudes regarding natural family planning in an urban Hispanic  population","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/survey-of-attitudes-regarding-natural-family-planning-in-an-urban-hispanic-popul-recfiz1053ww6vf4f/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R Curtis Bay","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3525-9269","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Valleywise Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05tbp9v13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"William Chavira","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Arizona","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dean V Coonrod","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Arizona","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kim Ward Hart"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Clinton J Leonard","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, Phoenix, AZ 85008, USA."}}],"datePublished":"2006-09-20","abstract":"Methods: We performed a cross-sectional survey of 357 reproductive-aged women, mostly Hispanic (81.8%), presenting for ambulatory and hospital reproductive care in Phoenix, AZ, about their interest in natural family planning (NFP). Participants completed questionnaires, and responses were analyzed to determine predictors of interest in NFP.\n\nResults: Sixty-one percent stated that they were likely or very likely to use NFP to avoid pregnancy, and 50% would use NFP to achieve pregnancy. Of factors studied, Hispanic ethnicity, lower level of acculturation, less education and recent use of condoms or withdrawal were independently associated with interest in using NFP to avoid pregnancy. Younger age and desire for future pregnancy were independently predictive of potential NFP use to achieve pregnancy.\n\nConclusion: This study suggests that Hispanic women find NFP to be an appealing family planning alternative.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"74","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"313","pageEnd":"317","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2006.05.075","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39769004"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.contraception.2006.05.075"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16982232"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39769004"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oncostatic-effects-of-the-indole-melatonin-and-expression-of-its-cytosolic-and-n-0qps1rrs/","name":"Oncostatic effects of the indole melatonin and expression of its cytosolic and nuclear receptors in cultured human melanoma cell lines","headline":"Oncostatic effects of the indole melatonin and expression of its cytosolic and nuclear receptors in cultured human melanoma cell lines","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oncostatic-effects-of-the-indole-melatonin-and-expression-of-its-cytosolic-and-n-0qps1rrs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Fischer TW"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zmijewski MA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zbytek B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sweatman TW"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Slominski RM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wortsman J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Slominski A"}],"datePublished":"2006-09-01","abstract":"Melatonin has been shown to have oncostatic effects on malignant melanoma in vitro and in vivo. We studied the growth suppressive effects of melatonin over a wide range of concentrations in four melanoma cell lines (SBCE2, WM-98, WM-164 and SKMEL-188) representative for different growth stages and phenotype. Melanoma cells were incubated with melatonin 10(-12)-10(-3) M, and proliferation and clonogenicity was assessed at 12 h and 14 days, respectively. We also determined the expression of cytosolic quinone oxidoreductases NQO1, NQO2 (known as MT3 receptor) and nuclear receptor RORalpha by RT-PCR. Melatonin at pharmacological concentrations (10(-3)-10(-7) M) suppressed proliferation in all melanoma cell lines. In SKMEL-188 cells cultured in serum-free media, melatonin at low concentrations (10(-12)-10(-10) M) also slightly attenuated the proliferation. The effects of pharmacological doses of melatonin were confirmed in the clonogenic assay. Expression of NQO1 was detected in all cell lines, whereas NQO2 and nuclear receptor RORalpha including its isoform RORalpha4 were present only in SBCE2, WM-164 and WM-98. Thus, melatonin differentially suppressed proliferation in melanoma cell lines of different behaviour. The intensity of the oncostatic response to melatonin could be related to the cell-line specific pattern of melatonin cellular receptors and cytosolic binding protein expression.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"29","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International journal of oncology"}}},"pageStart":"665","pageEnd":"72","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.29.3.665","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40251800"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3892/ijo.29.3.665"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16865283"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40251800"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/melatonin-induces-apoptosis-in-human-neuroblastoma-cancer-cells-6l90anpd/","name":"Melatonin induces apoptosis in human neuroblastoma cancer cells","headline":"Melatonin induces apoptosis in human neuroblastoma cancer cells","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/melatonin-induces-apoptosis-in-human-neuroblastoma-cancer-cells-6l90anpd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"García-Santos G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Antolín I"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Herrera F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vicente Martín","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0552-2804","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ca2c886"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rodriguez-Blanco J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"del Pilar Carrera M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rodriguez C"}],"datePublished":"2006-09-01","abstract":"Low concentrations (nanomolar) of melatonin had been previously shown to inhibit cell proliferation in several cancer cell lines as well as in experimental animal models. Additionally, cell growth inhibition and differentiation of prostate cancer cell lines by high concentrations (micromolar to millimolar) of melatonin have been recently reported. In the present paper, we show the induction of apoptosis by high doses of melatonin in the human neuroblastoma cell line SK-N-MC. We found accumulation of cells in the G2/M cell cycle phase and induction of cellular death, measured as lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) released into the culture medium, under millimolar concentration of melatonin. Apoptosis was evaluated using 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining, DNA gel electrophoresis, electron microscopy, and annexin V binding. Apoptosis progressed through the classical pathway, which involves caspase-3 activation. Cell death was dose and time-dependent; the lowest effective concentration of melatonin was 100 microm. Treatment with 1 mm melatonin for 6 days induced cell death in 75% of the cells. This novel finding shows that a nontoxic natural indoleamine may be potential therapy for some types of human neuroblastomas.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"41","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of pineal research"}}},"pageStart":"130","pageEnd":"5","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-079X.2006.00342.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40249613"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1600-079X.2006.00342.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16879318"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40249613"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/normalization-of-hyperinsulinemia-by-chronic-opioid-receptor-blockade-in-hyperan-liykw2d7/","name":"Normalization of hyperinsulinemia by chronic opioid receptor blockade in hyperandrogenemic women","headline":"Normalization of hyperinsulinemia by chronic opioid receptor blockade in hyperandrogenemic women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/normalization-of-hyperinsulinemia-by-chronic-opioid-receptor-blockade-in-hyperan-liykw2d7/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hadziomerovic D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rabenbauer B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Wildt","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1933-2593","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitäts Frauenklinik","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02veq1j93"}}],"datePublished":"2006-09-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of the effects of naltrexone on hyperinsulinemia and hyperandrogenemia in hyperandrogenemic, hyperinsulinemic women. DESIGN: Controlled clinical study. SETTING: Department of Gynecologic Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Center of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria. PATIENT(S): Thirty-nine hyperandrogenemic, hyperinsulinemic women were studied. INTERVENTION(S): Women were treated with naltrexone (50 mg/d) for >or=3 weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Body mass index (BMI), gonadotropin (LH, FSH) and androgen (T, free T, DHEAS) levels, and plasma levels of glucose, insulin, and C-peptide, during a standard 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), were determined before and during chronic opiate receptor blockade. RESULT(S): The BMI did not change during therapy. When OGTT was repeated after treatment with naltrexone, glucose levels were not different from those before treatment. Insulin response, however, had dramatically declined. We also observed a significant decrease in the levels of serum androgens. CONCLUSION(S): Hyperinsulinemia associated with hyperandrogenemia can be improved or completely abolished by chronic opiate receptor blockade. This observation suggests that endogenous opiates play a critical role in the process leading to hyperinsulinemia in hyperandrogenemia.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.01.039","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44331643"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.01.039"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16901484"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44331643"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reduced-fertility-among-overweight-and-obese-men-ltgbmdnu/","name":"Reduced fertility among overweight and obese men","headline":"Reduced fertility among overweight and obese men","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reduced-fertility-among-overweight-and-obese-men-ltgbmdnu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sallmén M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sandler DP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hoppin JA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Blair A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D D Baird","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5544-2653","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, PO Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}}],"datePublished":"2006-09-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Overweight and obese men have been reported to have lower sperm counts and hormonal changes, but data are lacking regarding effects on couple fertility.\n\nMETHODS: We examined the relationship between male body mass index (BMI) and infertility in couples enrolled in the Agricultural Health Study in the United States. The analysis sample was limited to couples (wife <40 years old) with an attempt at pregnancy in the last 4 years based on pregnancy and fertility data provided by wives. Infertility was defined as not conceiving a pregnancy after at least 12 months of unprotected intercourse regardless of whether or not a pregnancy ultimately occurred. Self-reported weight and height were used to calculate BMI (kg/m). Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for infertility associated with increases in male BMI were calculated with logistic regression.\n\nRESULTS: Adjusting for potential confounders, a 3-unit increase in male BMI was associated with infertility (aOR = 1.12; 95% confidence interval = 1.01-1.25; n = 1329). There was a dose-response relationship, and the BMI effect was stronger when the data were limited to couples with the highest-quality infertility data. The association between BMI and infertility was similar for older and younger men, suggesting that erectile dysfunction in older men does not explain the association.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: This report of lower fertility in overweight and obese men needs replication. If the findings are robust, programs to prevent obesity may improve men's reproductive health and save medical costs for infertility treatment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)"}}},"pageStart":"520","pageEnd":"3","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ede.0000229953.76862.e5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q53593168"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/01.ede.0000229953.76862.e5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16837825"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q53593168"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/17alphahydroxyprogesterone-caproate-for-the-prevention-of-preterm-delivery-a-cos-k0lycttn/","name":"17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate for the prevention of preterm delivery: A cost-effectiveness analysis","headline":"17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate for the prevention of preterm delivery: A cost-effectiveness analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/17alphahydroxyprogesterone-caproate-for-the-prevention-of-preterm-delivery-a-cos-k0lycttn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Odibo AO"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stamilio DM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Macones GA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Polsky D"}],"datePublished":"2006-09-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether the use of 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate for the prevention of recurrent preterm deliveries is cost-effective. METHODS: Using decision-analysis modeling, we compared the cost-effectiveness of using 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate in four subgroups: 1) Prior preterm deliveries less than 32 weeks; 2) prior preterm deliveries 32-37 weeks; 3) prior term delivery; and 4) no prior delivery. Each subgroup was compared with a \"no treatment\" group. Costs included those for 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate, hospital admissions, and complications from preterm deliveries. The main outcome measures include cost per quality-adjusted life-year gained and the number of preterm deliveries prevented. Secondary outcomes include neonatal complications prevented. One-way and multiway sensitivity analyses were performed. RESULTS: The use of 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate for the prevention of preterm deliveries result in cost-savings in women with prior preterm deliveries less than 32 weeks and 32-37 weeks. The sensitivity analyses revealed the model to be robust over a wide range of values for evaluated variables. CONCLUSION: Within our baseline assumptions, 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate was associated with cost-savings when used for the prevention of preterm deliveries in women with prior preterm deliveries.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/01.AOG.0000232503.92206.d8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44637781"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/01.AOG.0000232503.92206.d8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16946206"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44637781"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormone-related-risk-factors-for-breast-cancer-in-women-under-age-50-years-by-es-recct13jyhvfp8oyu/","name":"Hormone-related risk factors for breast cancer in women under age 50 years by  estrogen and progesterone receptor status: results from a case-control and a  case-case comparison","headline":"Hormone-related risk factors for breast cancer in women under age 50 years by  estrogen and progesterone receptor status: results from a case-control and a  case-case comparison","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormone-related-risk-factors-for-breast-cancer-in-women-under-age-50-years-by-es-recct13jyhvfp8oyu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hongli Ma","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6921-4301","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Centers","sameAs":"https://ror.org/033tgbx59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leslie Bernstein","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1458-7597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042twtr12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Giske Ursin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0835-9507","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Cancer Etiology, Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, California; Departments of 2Preventive Medicine and 3Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, Univers...","sameAs":"https://ror.org/044ybef51"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ronald K Ross","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}}],"datePublished":"2006-07-19","abstract":"Introduction: It has been suggested that hormonal risk factors act predominantly on estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor (ER/PR)-positive breast cancers. However, the data have been inconsistent, especially in younger women.\n\nMethods: We evaluated the impact of age at menarche, pregnancy history, duration of breastfeeding, body mass index, combined oral contraceptive use, and alcohol consumption on breast cancer risk by ER/PR status in 1,725 population-based case patients and 440 control subjects aged 20 to 49 years identified within neighborhoods of case patients. We used multivariable unconditional logistic regression methods to conduct case-control comparisons overall as well as by","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Breast Cancer Research : BCR"}}},"pageStart":"R39","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1186/bcr1514","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35605821"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/bcr1514"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16846528"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35605821"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/overt-and-subclinical-hypothyroidism-in-women-recnwjhnx3arjibli/","name":"Overt and 'subclinical' hypothyroidism in women","headline":"Overt and 'subclinical' hypothyroidism in women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/overt-and-subclinical-hypothyroidism-in-women-recnwjhnx3arjibli/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Leonard Wartofsky","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2183-6929","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"MedStar Washington Hospital Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ry42w04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Douglas Van Nostrand","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6491-4560","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04r3kq386"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kenneth D Burman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8597-7213","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}}],"datePublished":"2006-07-18","abstract":"Thyroid disease in general, and hypothyroidism in particular, are very common in women. In the USA, the most common cause of primary thyroid deficiency is on an autoimmune basis due to lymphocytic (Hashimoto) thyroiditis. Because there are thyroid hormone receptors in virtually every tissue of the body, the manifestations of hypothyroidism are varied, but problems with abnormal menses, conception, fertility, and pregnancy can be especially troubling in young women. The single most important diagnostic test is measurement of serum thyrotropin (TSH). The overwhelming majority of patients with hypothyroidism are treated with a single daily dose of synthetic levothyroxine with the goal of therapy being restoration of a normal metabolic state with return of the TSH level down to the range of 0.5 to 1.5 mlU/L. \"Subclinical\" hypothyroidism refers to those patients with early or mild thyroid hypofunction manifested as slight elevations of thyrotropin (approximately 4-10 mlU/L) although serum thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) levels are within their reference ranges. The entity is somewhat controversial in regard to its consequences if left untreated, and whether or not we should be screening patients, at least susceptible populations, for the condition. Reports indicate an association between subclinical hypothyroidism and poor outcomes of pregnancy, as well as dyslipidemias, atherogenesis, and increased mortality in the long term. We believe these consequences are sufficiently compelling to warrant screening and treatment with levothyroxine when found to halt progression to overt hypothyroidism, and improve symptoms, pregnancy outcomes, lipid abnormalities, and cardiovascular function. TARGET AUDIENCE: Obstetricians & Gynecologists, Family Physicians.\n\nLEARNING OBJECTIVES: After completion of this article, the reader should be able to recall that hypothyroidism is a common disease in women, has many protean manifestations, and can be successfully diagnosed and treated; explain that the condition of subclinical hypothyroidism can be diagnosed and if treated can prevent many untoward complications; and state that there should be heightened awareness of the disease so that proper screening tests can be performed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"61","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey"}}},"pageStart":"535","pageEnd":"542","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ogx.0000228778.95752.66","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28252140"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/01.ogx.0000228778.95752.66"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16842634"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28252140"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-awareness-based-methods-of-family-planning-predictors-of-correct-use-recfquinx2xpfxwju/","name":"Fertility awareness-based methods of family planning: predictors of correct use","headline":"Fertility awareness-based methods of family planning: predictors of correct use","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-awareness-based-methods-of-family-planning-predictors-of-correct-use-recfquinx2xpfxwju/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Irit Sinai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2445-7577","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute for Reproductive Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00jt1e157"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rebecka Lundgren","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9607-5722","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marcos Arévalo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5877-4824","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Victoria Jennings","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9447-4260","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}}],"datePublished":"2006-07-14","abstract":"Context: Fertility awareness-based methods of family planning help women identify the days of the menstrual cycle when they are most likely to become pregnant. To prevent pregnancy, women avoid unprotected intercourse on these days. Efficacy of these methods may be improved if the users most likely to engage in unprotected intercourse on fertile days can be identified and counseled.\n\nMethods: Quantitative and qualitative data from efficacy studies of the Standard Days Method and the TwoDay Method of family planning, in which 928 women each contributed up to 13 cycles of method use, were examined. Multinomial logit analysis was used to compare characteristics of women who occasionally had unprotected intercourse on fertile days with those who consistently used their method correctly. The reasons participants gave for having unprotected intercourse on fertile days were also examined.\n\nResults: Only 23% of women had unprotected intercourse on their fertile days in one or more of the cycles they contributed to the study. The method and study site appear to have the most significant effect on correct use. Earning an income was associated with increased odds of unprotected intercourse on fertile days; higher quality of housing was associated with decreased odds. The results confirm the importance of partner cooperation for correct method use.\n\nConclusion: There was no clear profile of clients for whom these family planning methods would be inappropriate. However, programs offering these methods may help couples overcome potential difficulties in correct method use by including male partners and encouraging their participation in counseling sessions.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Family Planning Perspectives"}}},"pageStart":"94","pageEnd":"100","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1363/3209406","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79892112"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1363/3209406"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16837390"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q79892112"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-biology-of-human-sex-differences-rec6p5ygtv4ygfflk/","name":"The biology of human sex differences","headline":"The biology of human sex differences","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-biology-of-human-sex-differences-rec6p5ygtv4ygfflk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2006-07-11","abstract":"To the Editor: In the discussion of biologic differences between male and female fertility (April 6 issue),1 Federman states that women are fertile for only 12 hours each month. Although the egg is viable for 12 hours or less, the window of fertility in women is approximately five to six days in each menstrual cycle,24 depending on the presence of estrogenic cervical mucus that maximizes the storage, survival, and transport of sperm until ovulation.4,5 Dr. Federman replies: Stanford rightly calls attention to the elegant estrogen-dominated events that precede ovulation and that favor passage of sperm through the cervix . . .","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"355","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"98","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc061215","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79844928"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJMc061215"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16823006"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q79844928"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-cyclooxygenase-2-inhibitors-on-bone-mineral-density-results-from-t-recapegc92mgxpvxs/","name":"The effect of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors on bone mineral density: results from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study","headline":"The effect of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors on bone mineral density: results from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-cyclooxygenase-2-inhibitors-on-bone-mineral-density-results-from-t-recapegc92mgxpvxs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J Brent Richards","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0372-5256","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lawrence Joseph","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3321-0587","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Schwartzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3354-1159","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Goltzman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01r89q997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Goltzman D and the CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"For the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos)"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nancy Kreiger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alan Tenenhouse","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}}],"datePublished":"2006-06-22","abstract":"Introduction: The use of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors has been demonstrated to not only impair load-induced bone formation but also prevent menopause-associated bone loss. We hypothesized that COX-2 inhibitor use would be associated with increased bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women not using estrogen therapy and, conversely, with decreased BMD in men.\n\nMethods: The Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study is a longitudinal, randomly selected, population-based community cohort. We present data from men (n=2,004) and postmenopausal women age 65 and older (n=2,776) who underwent a BMD measurement and structured interview in the 5th year of the study. The outcome measure was percent difference in BMD (g/cm(2)).\n\nResults: Daily COX-2 inhibitor use was reported by 394 subjects. In men, daily use of COX-2 inhibitors was associated with a lower BMD at all hip sites, with a percent difference of -3.1% [95% confidence interval (CI), -6.0, -0.3] between users and nonusers at total hip. In postmenopausal women not using estrogen replacement therapy, daily COX-2 inhibitor use was associated with higher BMD at most sites [percent difference at total hip: +3.0% (95% CI, 0.3, 5.8)]. These effects appeared to be dose-dependent.\n\nConclusion: COX-2 inhibitor use was associated with a lower BMD in men and, on the other hand, with a higher BMD in postmenopausal women not using estrogen replacement therapy. Men who have used COX-2 inhibitors may wish to seek BMD measurement to assess their fracture risk. However, COX-2 inhibitors may have utility in postmenopausal women if bone-selective analogs can be developed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Osteoporos Int"}}},"pageStart":"1410","pageEnd":"1419","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-006-0142-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45247132"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00198-006-0142-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16791706"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q45247132"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/usefulness-of-monitoring-fertility-from-menarche-recoowexcryphhwcb/","name":"Usefulness of monitoring fertility from menarche","headline":"Usefulness of monitoring fertility from menarche","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/usefulness-of-monitoring-fertility-from-menarche-recoowexcryphhwcb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Francisco Ceric","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5526-3399","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Manuel E Cortés","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0845-7147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x0xhn70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hanna Klaus","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical College of Wisconsin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00qqv6244"}}],"datePublished":"2006-05-30","abstract":"The concept of the ovarian cycle as a continuum considers that all types of ovarian activity encountered during the reproductive life are responses to different environmental conditions in order to ensure the health of the woman. During the normal ovulatory cycle, a series of sequential events have to occur in a highly synchronized manner. Fertility awareness is useful in helping women to identify the different stages of their reproductive life cycle. Fertility awareness is also a valuable tool in helping women to identify gynecological disorders. Persistence of irregularities within the mucus patterns and the menstrual cycle should be of concern to women presenting with these problems. These irregularities may be due to obstetrical, endocrine, gynecological or iatrogenic disorders. Insight into early pregnancy complications, ovulatory dysfunction and pelvic inflammatory disease can be ascertained from abnormalities within the menstrual cycle and mucus pattern. Thus, fertility awareness will also enable the recognition and early treatment of several metabolic, endocrine and infectious diseases.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"173","pageEnd":"179","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpag.2006.02.003","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43902286"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jpag.2006.02.003"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16731410"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43902286"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/variability-in-the-phases-of-the-menstrual-cycle-recsxkk9jmsoksgza/","name":"Variability in the phases of the menstrual cycle","headline":"Variability in the phases of the menstrual cycle","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/variability-in-the-phases-of-the-menstrual-cycle-recsxkk9jmsoksgza/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Schneider","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8090-4971","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathleen Mary Raviele","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2062-8041","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dekalb Medical Tucker, Georgia, USA"}}],"datePublished":"2006-05-17","abstract":"Objective: To determine variability in the phases of the menstrual cycle among healthy, regularly cycling women.\nDesign: A prospective descriptive study of a new data set with biological markers to estimate parameters of the menstrual cycles.\n\nParticipants: One hundred forty one healthy women (mean age 29 years) who monitored 3 to 13 menstrual cycles with an electronic fertility monitor and produced 1,060 usable cycles of data. MEASURES AND\n\nOutcomes: Variability in the length of the menstrual cycle and of the follicular, fertile, and luteal phases, and menses. The estimated day of ovulation and end of the fertile phase was the peak fertility reading on the monitor (i.e., the urinary luteinizing hormone surge).\n\nResults: Mean total length was 28.9 days (SD = 3.4) with 95% of the cycles between 22 and 36 days. Intracycle variability of greater than 7 days was observed in 42.5% of the women. Ninety-five percent of the cycles had all 6 days of fertile phase between days 4 and 23, but only 25% of participants had all days of the fertile phase between days 10 and 17.\n\nConclusions: Among regularly cycling women, there is considerable normal variability in the phases of the menstrual cycle. The follicular phase contributes most to this variability.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"35","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Neonatal Nursing : JOGNN"}}},"pageStart":"376","pageEnd":"384","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.2006.00051.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28240210"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1552-6909.2006.00051.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16700687"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28240210"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diagnosis-and-management-of-dysmenorrhoea-cb9eq0zl/","name":"Diagnosis and management of dysmenorrhoea","headline":"Diagnosis and management of dysmenorrhoea","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diagnosis-and-management-of-dysmenorrhoea-cb9eq0zl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Proctor M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Farquhar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3685-3553","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Auckland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03b94tp07"}}],"datePublished":"2006-05-13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"332","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7550","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ (Clinical research ed.)"}}},"pageStart":"1134","pageEnd":"8","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.332.7550.1134","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34601347"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj.332.7550.1134"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16690671"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34601347"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/unsuccessful-attempt-to-demonstrate-progesterones-bone-formation-actions-recxhodlrvay8r2a6/","name":"Unsuccessful attempt to demonstrate progesterone's bone formation actions","headline":"Unsuccessful attempt to demonstrate progesterone's bone formation actions","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/unsuccessful-attempt-to-demonstrate-progesterones-bone-formation-actions-recxhodlrvay8r2a6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vanadin Seifert‐Klauss","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2639-5317","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"TUM Klinikum","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04jc43x05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Siri Forsmo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xg72x27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Tremollieres","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Paule de Viguier","sameAs":"https://ror.org/057vt8c33"}}],"datePublished":"2006-05-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"194","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American journal of obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1502-3; author reply 1503-4","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2005.10.201","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83221072"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ajog.2005.10.201"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16647940"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q83221072"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-psychobiology-and-diagnostic-significance-of-amenorrhea-in-patients-with-ano-gl2mv5zp/","name":"The psychobiology and diagnostic significance of amenorrhea in patients with anorexia nervosa","headline":"The psychobiology and diagnostic significance of amenorrhea in patients with anorexia nervosa","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-psychobiology-and-diagnostic-significance-of-amenorrhea-in-patients-with-ano-gl2mv5zp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Gendall KA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joyce PR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carter FA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"McIntosh VV"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Jordan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6586-1288","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bulik CM"}],"datePublished":"2006-05-01","abstract":"Amenorrhea is a diagnostic criterion for anorexia nervosa (AN), although menstrual cycles have been found to persist in some women with all the other features of AN. This study sought to determine factors that are associated with amenorrhea in 39 women with current primary spectrum AN. The use of exercise to control weight (odds ratio (OR) = 3.5; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.3-9.9; P = .02), low novelty seeking scores (OR = 0.7; 95% CI = 0.58-0.94; P = .02), and low systolic blood pressure (OR = 0.9; 95% CI = 0.84-0.99; P = .046) were predictors of amenorrhea independent of body mass index.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"85","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1531","pageEnd":"5","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.10.048","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45241706"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.10.048"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16600234"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q45241706"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/levothyroxine-treatment-in-euthyroid-pregnant-women-with-autoimmune-thyroid-dise-recrcfduggqw3bvdp/","name":"Levothyroxine treatment in euthyroid pregnant women with autoimmune thyroid disease: effects on obstetrical complications","headline":"Levothyroxine treatment in euthyroid pregnant women with autoimmune thyroid disease: effects on obstetrical complications","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/levothyroxine-treatment-in-euthyroid-pregnant-women-with-autoimmune-thyroid-dise-recrcfduggqw3bvdp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Roberto Negro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7338-6424","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ospedale Vito Fazzi","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04fvmv716"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Davide Dazzi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9190-9759","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Azienda Ospedaliera S.Maria","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02t96cy48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Haslinda Hassan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3251-0892","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010wh8q62"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gianni Formoso","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Endocrinology (R.N., G.F.), Azienda Ospedaliera LE/1, 73100 Lecce, Italy"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tiziana Mangieri","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ospedale Vito Fazzi","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04fvmv716"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonio Pezzarossa","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Azienda Ospedaliera S.Maria","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02t96cy48"}}],"datePublished":"2006-04-20","abstract":"CONTEXT: Euthyroid women with autoimmune thyroid disease show impairment of thyroid function during gestation and seem to suffer from a higher rate of obstetrical complications.\n\nOBJECTIVE: We sought to determine whether these women suffer from a higher rate of obstetrical complications and whether levothyroxine (LT(4)) treatment exerts beneficial effects.\n\nDESIGN: This was a prospective study.\n\nSETTING: The study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology.\n\nPATIENTS: A total of 984 pregnant women were studied from November 2002 to October 2004; 11.7% were thyroid peroxidase antibody positive (TPOAb(+)).\n\nINTERVENTION: TPOAb(+) patients were divided into two groups: group A (n = 57) was treated with LT(4), and group B (n = 58) was not treated. The 869 TPOAb(-) patients (group C) served as a normal population control group.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Rates of obstetrical complications in treated and untreated groups were measured.\n\nRESULTS: At baseline, TPOAb(+) had higher TSH compared with TPOAb(-); TSH remained higher in group B compared with groups A and C throughout gestation. Free T(4) values were lower in group B than groups A and C after 30 wk and after parturition. Groups A and C showed a similar miscarriage rate (3.5 and 2.4%, respectively), which was lower than group B (13.8%) [P < 0.05; relative risk (RR), 1.72; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.13-2.25; and P < 0.01; RR = 4.95; 95% CI = 2.59-9.48, respectively]. Group B displayed a 22.4% rate of premature deliveries, which was higher than group A (7%) (P < 0.05; RR = 1.66; 95% CI = 1.18-2.34) and group C (8.2%) (P < 0.01; RR = 12.18; 95% CI = 7.93-18.7).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Euthyroid pregnant women who are positive for TPOAb develop impaired thyroid function, which is associated with an increased risk of miscarriage and premature deliveries. Substitutive treatment with LT(4) is able to lower the chance of miscarriage and premature delivery.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"91","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"2587","pageEnd":"2591","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2005-1603","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34514712"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jc.2005-1603"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16621910"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34514712"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cervical-mucus-symptom-and-daily-fecundability-first-results-from-a-new-database-recxtyjbu2klou0ok/","name":"Cervical mucus symptom and daily fecundability: first results from a new  database","headline":"Cervical mucus symptom and daily fecundability: first results from a new  database","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cervical-mucus-symptom-and-daily-fecundability-first-results-from-a-new-database-recxtyjbu2klou0ok/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bernardo Colombo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3825-3240","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Passarin Katia","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università della Svizzera italiana","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03c4atk17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bruno Scarpa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9628-5164","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Padua","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00240q980"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arianna Mion","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Padua","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00240q980"}}],"datePublished":"2006-04-18","abstract":"With the collaboration of Italian centres providing services on natural family planning, a prospective study collected data on 2755 menstrual cycles of 193 women. A database was constructed using information on the daily characteristics of cervical mucus and episodes of intercourse. Taking the day of peak mucus as a conventional marker of ovulation, the database identified the length (12 days) and location of a 'window' of potential fertility, the highest level of conception probability being confined to the central five to six days. Univariate analysis provided evidence of the impact on fecundability of the woman's age and the basic infertile pattern of a cycle. Several analytical approaches highlighted the relationship between daily mucus characteristics and levels of fecundability","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Statistical Methods in Medical Research"}}},"pageStart":"161","pageEnd":"180","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1191/0962280206sm437oa","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83156644"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1191/0962280206sm437oa"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16615655"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q83156644"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-origin-of-informed-consent-recfphtvmpqkew0jh/","name":"The origin of informed consent","headline":"The origin of informed consent","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-origin-of-informed-consent-recfphtvmpqkew0jh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mallardi V"}],"datePublished":"2006-04-11","abstract":"The principle of informed consent, aimed at the lawfulness of health assistance, tends to reflect the concept of autonomy and of decisional autodetermination of the person requiring and requesting medical and/or surgical interventions. This legal formula, over the last few years, has gained not only considerable space but also importance in the doctrinal elaboration and approaches, as well as juridical interpretations, thereby influencing the everyday activities of the medical profession. Informed consent is still the object of continuous explorations, not only asfar as concerns the already confirmed theoretical profile but, instead, the ambiguous practical and consequential aspect. Analysing how the concept and role of consensus was born and developed with the more adequate and reasonable excursions to make it valid and obtain it, it is impossible not to take into consideration, on the one hand, the very ancient philosophical origins and, on the other, the fact that it was conditioned by religion with the moral aspects and the accelerated deontological evolution with pathways parallel to the needs and the progress offered by new forms of treatment and novel biotechnological applications. The principle of consent is a relatively new condition. In fact, already in the times of not only the Egyptian civilisation, but also the Greek and Roman, documents have been found which show how the doctor's intervention had, in some way, first to be approved by the patient. Plato (law IV) had already foreseen the problems, the procedures and the modes of information which are, in synthesis, at the root of the principles of the present formula of informed consent and correlated the practice of the information and consensus with the quality and social position of the patient. The only guarantee that the patient might have, derived from a fundamental principle of medicine of all times: \"in disease, focus on two aims, to improve and not to cause damage\". A figure can be recognised, in the Hippocratic physician, that cared about the patient's suffering, but never neglected looking after his own outcome, endeavouring to avoid becoming involved in lack of success and death of a patient. The concept of consensus is inexistent, albeit, there is an awareness of the presence of precautious and preventive information. In the behaviour of doctors, in ancient times, it is not difficult to recognize the true motives and the real reasons that, already in those days, give rise to the necessary \"defensive medicine\" particularly as far as concerns the social status of the patient. Already from the early origins, continuing the Hippocratic tradition, the relationship between doctor and patient was consolidated, based upon two very definite criteria, represented, on the one hand, by the professional duty of the physician to do what is bestfor the patient and, on the other, the duty of the patient to completely accept the physician's decisions and intervention. The Hippocratic physician respected a principle of professional responsibility which was more religious and of a moral type, but, from a legal point of view, very weak inasmuch as it depended upon regulations elaborated by human beings. The conviction and certainty that the physician acted, in the interest of his patient's well-being, has been passed down over the centuries endowing the physician with moral authority and a kind of legal impunity, conditions which corresponded, in an almost reflection-likefashion, with the duty of obedience and subjection, on the part of the patient. Christianity was grafted into this consolidated vision of the sacral character of medicine and medical practice, which did not substantially change the Hippocratic type of ethical behaviour. Non only the population but also the Christian physician was aware of the religious importance of his intense activity as a mission and compared to a special kind of priesthood in safe-guarding health, considered as a gift of God. Therefore, invested with this authority which derived from his professional role and from his very work, he felt it his duty to guide the patient, deciding and for him. The patient is an ignorant person who does not have the knowledge, the intellectual capacity or moral authority to oppose or disagree with the wishes and decisions of the physician who, instead, on account of his doctrine, knows exactly what is goodfor him. In this regard, if we were to speak of consensus concerning the physician's intervention, he would be considered useless in as much as obvious and understood when seeking help. The attitude of the patient towards the physician has always tended to one of strong faith and characterized by psychological subjection borne out by traditions thousands of years old. A patient who was sick, again, as an attitude of respect and gratitude, followed the treatment but never asked for any explanations regarding the therapeutic effects and the physician refrained from taking any initiative to inform the patient or his/her family. Each phenomenon, therefore, has a precise origin, a well-defined history and when its importance tends to significantly condition the activities concerning Man, a desire emerges to learn the origin and the history. As is well known, a trial commenced in Nuremberg, on December 19, 1946, of Nazi doctors and a code was defined in which the judges, all Americans, clearly emphasized a view of medical research and technology: science should never transform or consider human beings as an instrument to be employed for scientific purposes. In actual fact, documents exist providing evidence that a few decades before the drawing up of the Nuremberg Code, the need had been expressed, in Germany itself to somehow make medical interventions and actions legal by means of the use and practice of consensus. The moral and ethical principles in those documents, even if not available as bibliographic references in the English literature, certainly merit, from a historical viewpoint to be considered as conceptual elements and doctrinal and socio-cultural products, even if at that time, of little practical importance, which belong to the European culture and, in particular, and almost paradoxically, in the light of what happened, to the German culture. The United States of America is held to be the country of origin of informed consent, the initial aim of which was make sure that the correct dignity of the patient's independence be reserved at the time of decision making and choice of medical options. Reports on this topic, in fact, first appeared in the USA, at the beginning of the 18th Century, with problems focusing on and limited to only the simple rights of the patient in giving his/her approval of the health intervention later to be conceptually developed, along the lines of an itinerary with, at intervals, famous legal actions, until in the 20th Century, informed consent was reached, a criterion that, as is well known, foresees and includes not only the important and fundamental autonomy of the patient to decide, which stems ones personal rights, but also the essential objective element, which is, information. The expression informed consent has simply been transposed in Italian and roughly translated in an ambiguous fashion into \"consenso informato\" when, on the contrary, it should be referred to as \"informazione per il consenso\" \"information for consensus\" not only to respect the concept but, surely, for a more correct deciphering and a more precise interpretation related to the numerous concepts it presupposes and implies. Information and consent may be compared to the two sides of the same coin. These are the two important pillars that coincide and are joined giving weight to the medical responsibility, as far as concerns consent to the health intervention: on the one hand, having obtained consent,following correct and sincere information interpreted and deciphered as an important phase and an essential indicator of correct, scrupulous medico-professional procedure and, on the other, the consensus itself conceived as a duty aiming at the maximum respect of the rights to autodetermination, independence and autonomy of the patient, as a person. At the beginning of the Nineties, as we have seen, we were made aware of a series of legal actions regarding medical responsibility which was greatly conditioned by the Anglosaxon influence which initially induced many Italian magistrates and forensic physicians to adopt an extremely rigid attitude with no attempt to comply, in any way, with the culture and traditions of our country and our tradition which has always been inspired by good common sense, both medical and human. The American experience has been very rapidly adopted, by some, without a profound, complete and necessary historical and evolutional analysis aimed at those intertwined principles that have been motifs that have gradually led to the legal references in those emblematic cases referred to, the conclusions of which continue to attract a great deal of attention. In Italy, the legal and doctrinal evolution of informed consent, even if following a little more rapidly the traces, steps, problems and interpretations of the various aspects drawn up, characterized and applied in the United States, has not only occurred at a later time, but, despite reaching the same meaningful objectives, the same considerations, the same importance, and, unfortunately, the same inconveniences, has had quite different aims, approaches and articulations. In this respect, it is enough to focus attention on the different cultural traditions and religious routes, on the different doctrinal background, the particular historical origins and the individual legal aspects, all extremely different one from the other. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED)","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"25","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica : Organo Ufficiale Della Societa Italiana Di  Otorinolaringologia E Chirurgia Cervico-facciale"}}},"pageStart":"312","pageEnd":"327","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sperm-integrity-pre--and-post-chemotherapy-in-men-with-testicular-germ-cell-canc-recpzeruyq32x7oq9/","name":"Sperm integrity pre- and post-chemotherapy in men with testicular germ cell  cancer","headline":"Sperm integrity pre- and post-chemotherapy in men with testicular germ cell  cancer","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sperm-integrity-pre--and-post-chemotherapy-in-men-with-testicular-germ-cell-canc-recpzeruyq32x7oq9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J R Spermon","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Urology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, The Netherlands. spermon@hotmail.com"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Ramos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1797-0451"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A M M Wetzels","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1758-0999"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C G J Sweep"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sweep CG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fred C.G.J. Sweep","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1103-3070"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D D M Braat","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0847-3684"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Braat DD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lambertus A. Kiemeney","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2368-1326","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Radboud University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05wg1m734"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J A Witjes"}],"datePublished":"2006-04-08","abstract":"Background: While (partial) recovery of spermatogenesis, observed by means of standard semen analysis, has been seen in testicular cancer patients after chemotherapy with cisplatin, sperm genomic integrity and its implication for the patient's fertility are poorly understood.\n\nMethods: Semen and serum from 22 patients treated for testicular cancer were analysed preand post-chemotherapy. Besides routine semen analysis, sperm samples were evaluated by computerized karyometric image analysis (CKIA), chromomycin-A3 assay (CMA3, chromatin condensation) and TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labelling assay (TUNEL, DNA damage). Serum FSH, LH and testosterone concentrations were measured.\n\nResults: Ejaculate volume decreased post-chemotherapy (P<0.05). External sperm characteristics (CKIA morphometry) and sperm counts did not deteriorate after chemotherapy. An improvement in DNA condensation was assessed after chemotherapy (37 versus 50% and 47.5 versus 63.7% for CMA3 and CKIA respectively; both P<0.005); yet a high percentage of TUNEL-positive sperm was found in the samples (21 versus 25% for preand post-chemotherapy samples respectively). These values were significantly higher than those of a convenience sample of normozoospermic males attending pre-IVF screening. Serum FSH and LH (IU/l) increased after chemotherapy compared with pretreatment levels (8.1 versus 16.7 and 4.5 vs 6.8; both P<0.05, respectively).\n\nConclusions: Despite the improvement in sperm chromatin packaging after chemotherapy, an abnormally high percentage of DNA-damaged sperm was found in these samples. As sperm quality does not reach normal levels after treatment, it remains difficult to outline the best strategy and guidance concerning fertility potential of testicular cancer patients.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1781","pageEnd":"1786","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/del084","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57307263"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/del084"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16601009"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q57307263"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-assisted-reproductive-technology-utilization-and-outcomes-between--wrobqfwm/","name":"Comparison of assisted reproductive technology utilization and outcomes between Caucasian and African American patients in an equal-access-to-care setting","headline":"Comparison of assisted reproductive technology utilization and outcomes between Caucasian and African American patients in an equal-access-to-care setting","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-assisted-reproductive-technology-utilization-and-outcomes-between--wrobqfwm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Eve C. Feinberg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7454-5669","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/000e0be47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Larsen FW"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Catherino WH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jinna Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0912-1197","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Armstrong AY"}],"datePublished":"2006-04-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: Racial disparity in assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes has been reported but remains controversial. Reasons for the disparity are unclear, and access to care has been suggested as a causative factor. In this study, we sought to examine minority utilization of ART in the Department of Defense (DoD) compared with minority utilization in the U.S. ART population. Outcomes from ART were compared between Caucasian (Cau) and African American (AA) patients, and etiologies of disparity were examined.\n\nDESIGN: Retrospective cohort study.\n\nSETTING: University-based ART program.\n\nPATIENT(S): A total of 1,457 patients undergoing first-cycle fresh, nondonor ART.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): None.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Clinical pregnancy rate, live birth rate, implantation rate, spontaneous abortion rate.\n\nRESULT(S): Within the DoD population, AA women had a fourfold increase in utilization of ART services relative to the U.S. ART population. In this equal-access-to-care setting, AA women experienced a clinically significant decrease in live birth rate that did not reach statistical significance (29.6% vs. 35.8%, risk ratio [RR] 0.83, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.67-1.02) and a statistically significant increase in spontaneous abortions compared with Cau women (25% vs. 15.9%, RR 1.57, 95% CI 1.05-2.36). This might be explained, in part, by a higher prevalence of uterine leiomyomas in AA women (30.8% AA vs. 10.7% Cau, RR 2.85, 95% CI 2.06-3.95). For both AA and Cau women, the presence of fibroids at baseline ultrasound was associated with reductions in clinical pregnancy rates (35% with leiomyomas vs. 43.2% without leiomyomas, RR 0.74, 95% CI 0.51-0.98), live birth rates (26.2% vs. 36.0%, RR 0.63, 95% CI 0.44-0.90), and implantation rates (25.6% vs. 31.1% RR 0.82, 95% CI 0.69-0.98).\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Utilization of ART services among AA women increased when access to care was improved. A clinically significant reduction in live birth rate and statistically significant increase in spontaneous abortion rate was observed in AA women compared with Cau women. Leiomyomas were three times more prevalent in AA women and reduced ART success, regardless of race. The persistence of racial differences in an equal-access-to-care environment might be explained, in part, by the increased prevalence of leiomyomas in AA women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"85","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"888","pageEnd":"94","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.10.028","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.10.028"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16580370"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-reproductive-significance-of-human-fallopian-tube-cilia-rechunfbfje80eb2m/","name":"The reproductive significance of human Fallopian tube cilia","headline":"The reproductive significance of human Fallopian tube cilia","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-reproductive-significance-of-human-fallopian-tube-cilia-rechunfbfje80eb2m/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R A Lyons","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Academic Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St. Bartholomew's and The Royal London Hospital School of Medicine and Dentistry, Whitechapel, London E1 1BB, UK."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"O Djahanbakhch"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ertan Saridogan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9736-4107","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"John Radcliffe Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0080acb59"}}],"datePublished":"2006-03-28","abstract":"Effective tubal transport of ova, sperm and embryos is a prerequisite for successful spontaneous pregnancy. Although there is much yet to be discovered about the mechanisms involved, it is evident that tubal transit is a far more complicated process than initially thought. Propulsion of gametes and embryos is achieved by complex interaction between muscle contractions, ciliary activity and the flow of tubal secretions. Evidence is accumulating of the important and possibly pre-eminent role of ciliary motion in this process; and this review describes current knowledge about ciliary activity and its physiological regulation. There is also a description of the effects on ciliary function of cigarette smoking and various pathological states, including endometriosis and microbial infection, with consideration given as to how altered ciliary activity may impact upon fertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction Update"}}},"pageStart":"363","pageEnd":"372","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dml012","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34505639"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humupd/dml012"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16565155"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34505639"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-natural-progression-of-health-related-quality-of-life-results-of-a-five-year-recqkqveaduxdoxkl/","name":"The natural progression of health-related quality of life: results of a five-year  prospective study of SF-36 scores in a normative population","headline":"The natural progression of health-related quality of life: results of a five-year  prospective study of SF-36 scores in a normative population","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-natural-progression-of-health-related-quality-of-life-results-of-a-five-year-recqkqveaduxdoxkl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"W M Hopman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3162-8754","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kingston General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03zq81960"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudie Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5499-2661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lawrence Joseph","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3321-0587","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tanveer Towheed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8738-9394","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Rheumatology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rtaxr13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elizabeth G. VanDenKerkhof","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4287-346X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tassos Anastassiades","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5805-0364","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Ioannidis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6956-5737","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"and the CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"The CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Hanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1406-4251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emmanuel A Papadimitropoulos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3688-523X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eli Lilly (Canada)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p8kt313"}}],"datePublished":"2006-03-21","abstract":"Background: Limited information exists regarding the natural progression of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in the general population, as most research has been cross-sectional or has followed populations with specific medical conditions. Such norms are important to establish, because the effect of any intervention may be confounded by changes due to the natural progression of HRQOL over time.\n\nMethods: Participants were randomly selected from 9 Canadian cities and surrounding rural areas. Changes in the eight domains and 2 summary component scores of the Medical Outcomes Study 36-item short form (SF-36) were examined over a 5 year period (1996/1997-2001/2002). Mean changes were calculated for men and women within 10 year age categories. Multiple imputation was used to adjust for potential selection bias due to missing data.\n\nResults: The baseline sample included 6539 women and 2884 men. Loss to follow-up was 17% for women and 23% for men. Mean changes tended to be small, but there was an overall trend towards decreasing HRQOL over time. Changes were more pronounced in the older age groups and in the physically oriented domains. Younger age groups tended towards small mean improvements, particularly in the mentally oriented domains. Large standard errors suggest that on an individual level, large improvements in some participants are balanced by large declines in others.\n\nConclusion: In general, the HRQOL of Canadians appears relatively stable over a 5 year period. However, care should be taken when assessing HRQOL longitudinally in certain age or gender groups, as changes associated with an intervention can potentially be confounded by the natural progression of HRQOL.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Quality of Life Research : an International Journal of Quality of Life Aspects of  Treatment, Care and Rehabilitation"}}},"pageStart":"527","pageEnd":"536","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-005-2096-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q53000735"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s11136-005-2096-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16547791"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q53000735"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptive-use-and-risk-of-fractures-recdkgoenkyvzy163/","name":"Oral contraceptive use and risk of fractures","headline":"Oral contraceptive use and risk of fractures","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptive-use-and-risk-of-fractures-recdkgoenkyvzy163/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Peter Vestergaard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9046-2967","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aarhus University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040r8fr65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lars Rejnmark","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2152-4247","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aarhus University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040r8fr65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leif Mosekilde","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7607-4677","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aarhus University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040r8fr65"}}],"datePublished":"2006-03-13","abstract":"Introduction: Prior studies have suggested that oral contraceptives (OCs) may be associated with an increased fracture risk. However, the previous studies have only performed a limited adjustment for other potential risk factors.\n\nSubjects and methodsAll women with a fracture (n=64,548) in the year 2000 in Denmark served as cases. For each case, three age-matched controls were randomly drawn from the general population (n=193,641). Exposure was use of OCs between January 1, 1996, and December 31, 2000. Adjustments were made for use of other drugs, pregnancy, prior fracture, other diseases and social variables.\n\nResults: In the unadjusted analysis, use of OCs in low dose was associated with a small increase in overall fracture risk. However, upon adjustment, no increase in fracture risk could be demonstrated in any age or dose group.\n\nConclusion: Oral contraceptives are not associated with an increase or a decrease in fracture risk. Any change in fracture risk may be due to confounders.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"73","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"571","pageEnd":"576","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2006.01.006","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83859168"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.contraception.2006.01.006"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16730486"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q83859168"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-shortterm-and-longterm-treatments-with-three-ecotypes-of-lepidium-meye-wqxl49n1/","name":"Effect of short-term and long-term treatments with three ecotypes of Lepidium meyenii (MACA) on spermatogenesis in rats","headline":"Effect of short-term and long-term treatments with three ecotypes of Lepidium meyenii (MACA) on spermatogenesis in rats","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-shortterm-and-longterm-treatments-with-three-ecotypes-of-lepidium-meye-wqxl49n1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Gonzales C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rubio J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gasco M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J J Nieto"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yucra S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gonzales GF"}],"datePublished":"2006-02-20","abstract":"Lepidium meyenii (Brassicaceae), known as Maca, is a Peruvian hypocotyl that grows exclusively between 4000 and 4500 m above sea level in the central Andes. Maca is traditionally employed in the Andean region for its supposed fertility-enhancing properties. The study aimed to test the hypothesis that different ecotypes of Maca (Red, Yellow and Black) after short-term (7 days) and long-term (42 days) treatment affects differentially spermatogenesis adult rats. After 7 days of treatment with Yellow and Red Maca, the length of stage VIII was increased (P<0.05), whereas with Black Maca stages II-VI and VIII were increased (P<0.05). Daily sperm production (DSP) was increased in the group treated with Black Maca compared with control values (P<0.05). Red or Yellow Maca did not alter DSP and epididymal sperm motility was not affected by treatment with any ecotype of Maca. After 42 days of treatment, Black Maca was the only ecotype that enhanced DSP (P<0.05). Moreover, Black Maca was the only that increased epididymal sperm motility (P<0.05). In relation to the control group, Red Maca did not affect testicular and epididymal weight nor epididymal sperm motility and sperm count; however, prostate weight was reduced (P<0.05). Black or Yellow Maca did not affect prostate weight. In conclusion, there were differences in the biological response of the three ecotypes of Maca (Yellow, Red and Black). Black Maca appeared to have more beneficial effect on sperm counts and epididymal sperm motility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"103","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of ethnopharmacology"}}},"pageStart":"448","pageEnd":"54","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2005.08.035","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46713222"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jep.2005.08.035"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16174556"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46713222"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progestogen-only-contraception-and-bone-mineral-density-a-systematic-review-receu5tlfyixflhcu/","name":"Progestogen-only contraception and bone mineral density: a systematic review","headline":"Progestogen-only contraception and bone mineral density: a systematic review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progestogen-only-contraception-and-bone-mineral-density-a-systematic-review-receu5tlfyixflhcu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathryn M Curtis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5892-3786","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042twtr12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Summer L Martins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4288-0988","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042twtr12"}}],"datePublished":"2006-02-20","abstract":"Questions have been raised about the effects of progestogen-only contraceptive use on bone health, particularly among young women who have not yet reached peak bone mass and perimenopausal women who may be starting to lose bone mass. We conducted a systematic review that evaluated the association between progestogen-only contraceptive use and fracture risk or bone mineral density (BMD). We identified 39 articles from MEDLINE and EMBASE, published through July 2005. One study reported that depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) users were more likely to experience stress fractures than nonusers; this association was not statistically significant after controlling for baseline bone density. In cross-sectional studies, the mean BMD in DMPA users was usually below that of nonusers, but within 1 SD. In longitudinal studies, BMD generally decreased more over time among DMPA users than among nonusers, but women gained BMD upon discontinuation of DMPA. Limited evidence suggested that use of progestogen-only contraceptives other than DMPA did not affect BMD.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"73","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"470","pageEnd":"487","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2005.12.010","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34515518"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.contraception.2005.12.010"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16627031"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34515518"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preventing-copper-intrauterine-device-removals-due-to-side-effects-among-first-t-recj2rwydhoeelb1t/","name":"Preventing copper intrauterine device removals due to side effects among  first-time users: randomized trial to study the effect of prophylactic ibuprofen","headline":"Preventing copper intrauterine device removals due to side effects among  first-time users: randomized trial to study the effect of prophylactic ibuprofen","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preventing-copper-intrauterine-device-removals-due-to-side-effects-among-first-t-recj2rwydhoeelb1t/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"David Hubacher","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5757-9741","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Triangle","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fhbr831"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bosny Pierre‐Louis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Family Health International 360","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007kp6q87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ana Zepeda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3056-212X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"oslo university hospital"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pai-Lien Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7300-0122","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Triangle","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fhbr831"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chen PL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Horacio Croxatto"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sonia Lillo"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bosny Pierre-Louis"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Veronica Reyes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0046-1937"}],"datePublished":"2006-02-18","abstract":"Background: Increased menstrual bleeding and pain are the primary side effects that lead to early removal of the copper intrauterine device (IUD). Ibuprofen and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are proven treatments for such IUD-induced problems, but their effect on early IUD removal is unknown.\n\nMethods: A total of 2019 first-time IUD users were recruited in Chile for this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Half of the participants were given ibuprofen and instructions to take 1200 mg daily during menses (for up to 5 days each cycle) for the first 6 months of IUD use. The other half were asked to take an identical appearing placebo in the same manner. The primary outcome was IUD removal within 12 months of insertion.\n\nResults: A total of 1011 and 1008 women were randomly assigned to ibuprofen and placebo, respectively. During 12 months of observation, 190 had the device removed because of dysmenorrhoea and/or increased menstrual bleeding: 85 in the placebo group and 105 in the ibuprofen group. For ibuprofen users, the hazard ratio for removal for these IUD-induced side effects was 1.0 and 1.2 at 6 and 12 months, respectively (both not significant).\n\nConclusion: Although increased menstrual bleeding and pain are common reasons for early IUD removal, prophylactic use of ibuprofen, at the dosage used here, does not reduce removal rates.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1467","pageEnd":"1472","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/del029","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46949482"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/del029"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16484309"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46949482"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-combined-oral-contraceptives-among-women-with-migraine-and-nonmigrainous--igasokbx/","name":"Use of combined oral contraceptives among women with migraine and nonmigrainous headaches: a systematic review","headline":"Use of combined oral contraceptives among women with migraine and nonmigrainous headaches: a systematic review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-combined-oral-contraceptives-among-women-with-migraine-and-nonmigrainous--igasokbx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathryn M Curtis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5892-3786","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042twtr12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mohllajee AP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Herbert B Peterson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}}],"datePublished":"2006-02-01","abstract":"This systematic review examines evidence evaluating whether women with headaches who use combined oral contraceptives (COCs) have a greater risk of stroke than women with headaches who do not use COCs. We searched MEDLINE for articles published from 1966 through March 2005 relevant to headaches and COC use as risk factors for stroke. Of the 79 articles identified, nine met our selection criteria (eight reports of six observational studies plus one meta-analysis). All studies reported specifically on migraine headaches. Evidence from six case-control studies suggested that COC users with a history of migraine were two to four times as likely to have an ischemic stroke as nonusers with a history of migraine. The odds ratios for ischemic stroke ranged from 6 to almost 14 for COC users with migraine compared with nonusers without migraine. The three studies that provided evidence on hemorrhagic stroke reported low or no risk associated with migraine or with COC use.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"73","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"189","pageEnd":"94","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2005.08.009","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36368829"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.contraception.2005.08.009"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16413849"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36368829"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estrogen-carcinogenesis-in-breast-cancer-rectrwk9st9vq2y92/","name":"Estrogen carcinogenesis in breast cancer","headline":"Estrogen carcinogenesis in breast cancer","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estrogen-carcinogenesis-in-breast-cancer-rectrwk9st9vq2y92/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Nancy E Davidson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1520-6442","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05m5b8x20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"James D Yager","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}}],"datePublished":"2006-01-20","abstract":"Estrogen exposure is a major determinant of the risk of breast cancer. This article reviews how genotoxic, mutagenic metabolites of estrogen and stimulation of tissue growth by the hormone participate in the pathogenesis of breast cancer.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"354","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"270","pageEnd":"282","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMra050776","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28292500"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJMra050776"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16421368"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28292500"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2005-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2005-i826chsh/","name":"DIR Jahrbuch 2005 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2005)","headline":"DIR Jahrbuch 2005 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2005)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2005-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2005-i826chsh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register e.V."}],"datePublished":"2006-01-01","abstract":"Annual report (Jahrbuch) of the Deutsches IVF-Register (DIR) for treatment year 2005. DIR is the German national IVF/ICSI registry, founded 1982 — the oldest continuously operating ART registry. Voluntary professional-society database with high de-facto coverage of German fertility centres. Reports cycles, transfers, pregnancies and clinical outcomes by treatment type (IVF, ICSI, frozen embryo transfer, donor). German-language registry document. Used as a Phase B historical-archive source for the ART Registry Comparison study (cross-registry classification by reporting completeness on 7 framework dimensions).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register Jahrbuch"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-present-state-of-nfp-science-rec8oi73lz6cxhddf/","name":"The Present State of NFP Science","headline":"The Present State of NFP Science","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-present-state-of-nfp-science-rec8oi73lz6cxhddf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"The National Catholic Bioethics Center"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}}],"datePublished":"2006-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"31","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Ethics &amp; Medics"}}},"pageStart":"2","pageEnd":"3","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.5840/em20063123","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.5840/em20063123"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/acceptability-of-a-home-monitor-used-to-aid-in-conception-psychosocial-factors-a-recgd4hivtkg6n2cg/","name":"Acceptability of a home monitor used to aid in conception: psychosocial factors  and couple dynamics","headline":"Acceptability of a home monitor used to aid in conception: psychosocial factors  and couple dynamics","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/acceptability-of-a-home-monitor-used-to-aid-in-conception-psychosocial-factors-a-recgd4hivtkg6n2cg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jennifer Robinson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1040-2778","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"James K. McNulty","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5476-7472","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tennessee at Knoxville","sameAs":"https://ror.org/020f3ap87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cynthia Findley-Klein","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8553-2801","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oxford"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Janet Robinson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-2573"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lawrence J Severy","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Florida","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y3ad647"}}],"datePublished":"2005-12-24","abstract":"Background: Assessing the psychological acceptability of technologies designed to assist couples in achieving pregnancy is complex.\n\nObjective: The current study developed measures relating to the impact of one such technology on 52 couples' relationships, their feelings relating to pregnancy status and their feelings about the technology itself.\n\nMethods: Pregnancy status and daily logs of sexual activity were recorded for four menstrual cycles, in addition to the completion of acceptability questionnaires.\n\nResults: Baseline acceptability measures were more favorable among couples eventually achieving pregnancy. For couples not becoming pregnant, acceptability declined over time and relationships became more strained. Behavioral data clearly indicated a \"targeting\" and focusing of sexual activity in response to the information displayed by the monitor.\n\nConclusion: Expectations of success, couple disagreements about prior failure and partner communication patterns appear to be related to pregnancy success when using such technology.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"73","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"65","pageEnd":"71","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2005.07.008","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50950170"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.contraception.2005.07.008"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16371298"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50950170"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-teenstar-an-abstinence-only-sexual-education-program-on-adolescent-se-reckp6mytv29nnj2c/","name":"Effects of TeenSTAR, an abstinence only sexual education program, on adolescent  sexual behavior","headline":"Effects of TeenSTAR, an abstinence only sexual education program, on adolescent  sexual behavior","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-teenstar-an-abstinence-only-sexual-education-program-on-adolescent-se-reckp6mytv29nnj2c/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rosa Riquelme R","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rosario Rivadeneira H","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Waldo Aranda","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047gc3g35"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rosa Riquelme","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rosario Rivadeneira"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}}],"datePublished":"2005-12-13","abstract":"Background: Urgent measures are required to stop the increase in the frequency of pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases among teenagers. A means of facing this problem is promoting sexual abstinence among youngsters. There are studies that confirm the efficacy of this approach.\n\nAim: To show the results of the application of a holistic sexuality program (TeenSTAR) among Chilean teenagers. SUBJECTS AND\n\nMethods: Students attending basic or high school were divided into a control or study group. The control group (342 students) received the usual education on sexuality given by their schools and the study group (398 students) participated in twelve TeenSTAR sessions lasting 1.5 hours each, given by a trained professor. Assessment of achievements was made using an anonymous questionnaire answered at the start and end of the program.\n\nResults: The rates of sexual initiation among control and study groups were 15 and 6.5%, respectively. Among sexually active students, 20% of those in the study group and 9% of those in the control group discontinued sexual activity.\n\nConclusions: A higher proportion of students in the TeenSTAR program retarded their sexual initiation or discontinued sexual activity and found more reasons to maintain sexual abstinence than control students.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"133","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Revista Medica De Chile"}}},"pageStart":"1173","pageEnd":"1182","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.4067/s0034-98872005001000006","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46845378"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4067/s0034-98872005001000006"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16341368"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46845378"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/transfer-pathways-between-the-ovaries-and-the-uterus-in-the-cebus-monkeys-cebus--q1w5lvrt/","name":"Transfer pathways between the ovaries and the uterus in the cebus monkeys (Cebus apella)","headline":"Transfer pathways between the ovaries and the uterus in the cebus monkeys (Cebus apella)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/transfer-pathways-between-the-ovaries-and-the-uterus-in-the-cebus-monkeys-cebus--q1w5lvrt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Nagle CA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mendizábal AF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lahoz MM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Porta MM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Torres MI"}],"datePublished":"2005-12-01","abstract":"The aim of this work was to study, in the Cebus apella monkey, the developmental changes in the microanatomy of the utero-ovarian ligament (UOL) and whether their vascular and neural elements might be involved in the transfer of signals between the ovaries and uterus. Sections including uterus, UOL, and ovary obtained from two foetuses, two prepubertal, and four cycling monkeys, two of them treated with a neuron-axonal tracer, diamidino yellow (DY) into the corpus luteum (CL) and the remaining two into the endometrium, were analyzed for the expression of neurofilament protein (NFP) and tracer distribution. Eight regularly cycling females were used to investigate the transfer to the CL of pulses of prostaglandin F(2alpha) (PGF(2alpha)) (n=4) or its vehicle (n=4) given intra-uterus. A convoluted artery, in conjunction with various vein channels, passed over the UOL allowing for a direct communication between uterus and ovaries. The artery acquired prominence during adulthood, in a manner well suited with the ovarian status. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that NFP expression by the oocyte and by the endometrial epithelial cells was a highly conserved feature during development, whereas the appearance of NFP fibers in the ovaries, UOL, and uterus was a late event in the ontogenesis, likely regulated by the hormonal environment. Neurons, as an obvious source for these NFP fibers, were not recognized at any developmental stage, although some neuron-like cells were observed within the CL. The pattern displayed by the tracer DY, further suggested a reciprocal axonal transport among endometrial cells and follicular and luteal cells of both ovaries and between the ovaries themselves. The functionality of the utero-ovarian connection was assessed after injecting PGF(2alpha) intra-uterus. A short exposition to PGF(2alpha) pulses was required for lowering ovarian and peripheral progesterone concentrations causing luteolysis, indicating that transport mechanism operating between uterus and ovary must be very efficient. The results suggest that the vessels and axons contained in the UOL of the Capuchin monkeys might be two combined key pathways underlying the reciprocal transfer of signals controlling utero-ovarian homeostasis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"144","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"General and comparative endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"248","pageEnd":"56","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2005.06.006","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46652250"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ygcen.2005.06.006"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16102760"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46652250"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/depression-associated-with-combined-oral-contraceptives--a-pilot-study-rec6xhsjbqlb7818q/","name":"Depression associated with combined oral contraceptives--a pilot study","headline":"Depression associated with combined oral contraceptives--a pilot study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/depression-associated-with-combined-oral-contraceptives--a-pilot-study-rec6xhsjbqlb7818q/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Garland KA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kulkarni J","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4299-7706","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Zurich"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Liew J","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2944-3625","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Singapore Management University"}}],"datePublished":"2005-11-22","abstract":"Although there have been numerous studies investigating the relationship between the use of oral contraceptives and depressive symptoms, they have differed widely in both their methods and findings. A particular problem is determining and quantifying depression. The authors onducted a pilot study using well validated depression rating scales. (non-author abstract)","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"34","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Australian Family Physician"}}},"pageStart":"990","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/molecular-aspects-of-declining-sperm-motility-in-older-men-recl2adp6ieya8dbr/","name":"Molecular aspects of declining sperm motility in older men","headline":"Molecular aspects of declining sperm motility in older men","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/molecular-aspects-of-declining-sperm-motility-in-older-men-recl2adp6ieya8dbr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ralf Henkel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1128-2982","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of the Western Cape","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00h2vm590"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gesa Maass"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hans-Christian Schuppe","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0874-0439","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Giessen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/033eqas34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Schuppe HC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andreas Jung","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2386-3119","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Giessen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/033eqas34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Schill WB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wolf-Bernhard Schill","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Giessen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/033eqas34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jörg Schubert","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1668-5967","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Friedrich Schiller University Jena","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05qpz1x62"}}],"datePublished":"2005-11-09","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To investigate the molecular mechanism for declining sperm motility in older men.\n\nDESIGN: Retrospective and prospective study.\n\nSETTING: University-based andrology unit.\n\nPATIENT(S): Semen was collected from 2,111 patients and sperm donors.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): None.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Age, sperm concentration, ejaculate volume, sperm motility (including velocity average path, velocity straight line, velocity curvilinear, linearity, and lateral head displacement), normal sperm morphology, percentage of abnormally blue-stained flagella, and total and free T, FSH, and LH concentrations were analyzed. In addition, the zinc concentration in the seminal fluid, flagella, and the whole spermatozoa was measured by means of atomic absorption spectrometry.\n\nRESULT(S): Patient age correlated negatively with T concentration and sperm motility, including velocity, but positively with the percentage of abnormally stained flagella and the flagellar zinc. Whereas the percentage of abnormally stained flagella correlated negatively with motility and sperm velocity, there was a positive relationship with the flagellar zinc content. Flagellar zinc content was negatively correlated with motility. Testosterone showed a positive relationship with motility and sperm concentration.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Because the epididymis is functionally T-dependent, our data suggest that the removal of zinc from the outer dense fibers during epididymal sperm maturation is affected in aging men, which in turn will result in decreased sperm motility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"84","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1430","pageEnd":"1437","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.05.020","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46794591"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.05.020"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16275240"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46794591"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metaanalysis-of-cancer-incidence-in-children-born-after-assisted-reproductive-te-r5vbbxb7/","name":"Meta-analysis of cancer incidence in children born after assisted reproductive technologies","headline":"Meta-analysis of cancer incidence in children born after assisted reproductive technologies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metaanalysis-of-cancer-incidence-in-children-born-after-assisted-reproductive-te-r5vbbxb7/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Raimondi S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pedotti P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Taioli E"}],"datePublished":"2005-10-31","abstract":"A meta-analysis was performed on 11 cohort studies of Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) and subsequent childhood cancer, published up to February 2005, which reported comparable, nonoverlapping data, and then restricted to eight studies which presented a similar research design. The overall Standardised Incidence Ratio was 1.33 (95% CI 0.62-2.85), and 0.77 (95% CI 0.41-1.42) when the analysis was restricted to eight studies. No evidence of publication bias was observed for the overall analysis. The data are consistent with a lack of increase in risk of childhood cancer, though the amount of data on ART and cancer is still limited; larger multicentric studies as well as a pooled analysis on the available data are warranted.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"93","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British journal of cancer"}}},"pageStart":"1053","pageEnd":"6","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bjc.6602838","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36615544"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/sj.bjc.6602838"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16234814"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36615544"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/in-vivo-and-in-vitro-estrogenic-and-progestagenic-actions-of-tibolone-recw9npnevwi635a3/","name":"In vivo and in vitro estrogenic and progestagenic actions of Tibolone","headline":"In vivo and in vitro estrogenic and progestagenic actions of Tibolone","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/in-vivo-and-in-vitro-estrogenic-and-progestagenic-actions-of-tibolone-recw9npnevwi635a3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ana M Salgado","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3457-3766","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mauricio P. Pinto","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2484-8033","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gareth I Owen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3807-6054","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrés Carvajal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0783-0333","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sumie Kato","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8979-9645","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carolina Monso","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marsha M Pinto","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4594-8113","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Osteoporosis Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada. marshapinto@gmail.com."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anil Sadarangani","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}}],"datePublished":"2005-10-22","abstract":"Estrogen and progestin combination in hormone replacement therapy (HRT) increases the incidence of breast cancer, but decreases the endometrial cancer risk of unopposed estrogen. Therefore, a SERM such as Tibolone, that delivers the beneficial, but not the adverse side effects, of steroid hormones would be clinically advantageous. However, data from the Million Women Study suggests that Tibolone increases the risk of both breast and endometrial cancer. Herein, we assessed the estrogenic and progestagenic actions of Tibolone using transvaginal sonography studies and an in vitro model of breast (ZR-75, MCF7) and endometrial cancer (Ishikawa). The known cancer associated proteins (ER, EGFR, STATS, tissue factor and Bcl-xL) were selected for study. Transvaginal sonography demonstrated that postmenopausal women treated with Tibolone displayed a thinner endometrium than in the late proliferative phase, but had a phenotype characteristic of the secretory phase, thus demonstrating the estrogenic and progestagenic actions of this SERM. In vitro, Tibolone acted as an estrogen in downregulating ER and upregulating Bcl-xL, yet as progesterone, increasing STAT5 and tissue factor in breast cancer cells. The increase in tissue factor by Tibolone correlated with its coagulative potential. Interestingly, EGFR was up-regulated by progesterone in the breast and by estrogen in endometrial cells, while Tibolone increased protein levels in both cell types. In conclusion, this study further demonstrates the estrogenic and progestagenic nature of Tibolone. The pattern of regulation of known oncogenes in cells of breast and endometrial origin dictates caution and vigilance in the prescription of Tibolone and subsequent patient monitoring.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"38","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2-3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Biological Research"}}},"pageStart":"245","pageEnd":"258","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.4067/s0716-97602005000200014","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34293626"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4067/s0716-97602005000200014"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16238103"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34293626"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-influence-of-smoking-and-other-cofactors-on-the-time-to-onset-to-cervical-cancer-in-a-southern-european-population-recfvxovhrhsdw1le/","name":"The influence of smoking and other cofactors on the time to onset to cervical cancer in a southern European population","headline":"The influence of smoking and other cofactors on the time to onset to cervical cancer in a southern European population","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-influence-of-smoking-and-other-cofactors-on-the-time-to-onset-to-cervical-cancer-in-a-southern-european-population-recfvxovhrhsdw1le/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A Matos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9690-4551","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Molecular Oncology Unit and Gynaecology Department, Instituto Portugu&#xea;s de Oncologia, Porto 4200-072, Portugal."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Pinto","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6429-2087","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Molecular Oncology (United States)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rtkc841"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Medeiros","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2335-5167","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"IPO Porto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027ras364"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Moutinho","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"IPO Porto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027ras364"}}],"datePublished":"2005-10-01","abstract":"Cervical cancer is a complex and multifactorial disease. Although there are substantial data supporting the causative role of persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in the development of cervical cancer, the complete course of the disease has never been completely understood. Several risk cofactors have been suggested with controversial results. Portugal has the highest incidence of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) within western Europe and there are no known studies regarding the role of cofactors in SCC. The aim of our study was to evaluate the role of smoking, sexual behaviour, reproductive and contraceptive history, in the time-to-onset (TTO) of severe cervical lesions (HGSIL/SCC) in the Portuguese population. We verified that age of first sexual intercourse under 18 years (odds ratio (OR) 2.8), pregnancy (OR 2.9), first pregnancy under 21 years (2.6), number of pregnancies (OR 2.3-5.4) and parity (OR 1.9-5.7) are risk factors in the development of cervical neoplasia. Smoke exposure index (SEI) was significantly different (P=0.002) between cases and controls. Our results regarding time-to-onset demonstrate that smoking (P<0.001, log rank test), number of sexual partners (P<0.001, log rank test) and use of oral contraceptives (P<0.001, log rank test) are important determinants in the earlier onset of severe cervical lesions. Using this approach, our findings may help to clarify the role of smoking and other cofactors in the persistence and progression of cervical lesions.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Eur J Cancer Prev"}}},"pageStart":"485","pageEnd":"491","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/01.cej.0000174780.44260.32","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58835536"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/01.cej.0000174780.44260.32"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16175054"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q58835536"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptive-use-and-risk-of-breast-cancer-among-women-with-a-family-histo-recxtwdhojsfzv6zl/","name":"Oral contraceptive use and risk of breast cancer among women with a family  history of breast cancer: a prospective cohort study","headline":"Oral contraceptive use and risk of breast cancer among women with a family  history of breast cancer: a prospective cohort study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptive-use-and-risk-of-breast-cancer-among-women-with-a-family-histo-recxtwdhojsfzv6zl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephanie A N Silvera","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9574-2503","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05cf8a891"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Silvera SA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anthony B Miller","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5174-3515","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas E Rohan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6897-4045","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05cf8a891"}}],"datePublished":"2005-09-27","abstract":"Family history of breast cancer is an established risk factor for breast cancer. In addition, there is evidence that oral contraceptive use may be associated with a moderate increase in breast cancer risk. The three cohort studies that have investigated the relationship between oral contraceptive use and breast cancer risk among women with a family history of breast cancer have yielded mixed results, possibly due to the relatively small sample sizes employed and/or differences in the selection of covariates for inclusion in multivariate models. Therefore, we examined the association between oral contraceptive use and breast cancer risk in a large cohort study in Canada. The cohort consisted of the 27,318 women in the Canadian National Breast Screening Study who reported a family history of breast cancer on enrollment into the study. Linkages to national mortality and cancer databases yielded data on deaths and cancer incidence, with follow-up ending between 1998 and 2000, depending upon the province. During a mean of 16.0 years of follow-up, we observed 1707 incident cases of breast cancer among women with any history of breast cancer of which 795 cases occurred among women with a mother, sister, and/or daughter with breast cancer. Among women with any family history of breast cancer, ever use of oral contraceptives was associated with a 12% reduction in risk of breast cancer (95% confidence interval [CI]=0.73-1.07), and there was an inverse trend with increasing duration of use of borderline statistical significance (p(trend)=0.03). Although we also observed a 25% lower risk of breast cancer associated with oral contraceptive use of greater than 84 months versus never use among women with a first degree relative with breast cancer, this finding was not statistically significant (95% CI=0.47-1.19, p(trend)=0.48). Our data raise the possibility that relatively long duration of oral contraceptive use may be inversely associated with risk among women with a family history of breast cancer.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cancer Causes & Control : CCC"}}},"pageStart":"1059","pageEnd":"1063","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-005-0343-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81262006"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s10552-005-0343-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16184471"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q81262006"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/protocol-for-determining-fertility-while-breastfeeding-and-not-in-cycles-recvazbfi0pijx9hu/","name":"Protocol for determining fertility while breastfeeding and not in cycles","headline":"Protocol for determining fertility while breastfeeding and not in cycles","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/protocol-for-determining-fertility-while-breastfeeding-and-not-in-cycles-recvazbfi0pijx9hu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Lee Barron","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4719-3420","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Schneider","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8090-4971","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}}],"datePublished":"2005-09-20","abstract":"A protocol was developed and evaluated for nonovulating breastfeeding women to determine potential fertility with an electronic hormonal fertility monitor. The amount of required abstinence (i.e., days of potential fertility) through the first menstrual cycle indicated by the fertility monitor was significantly lower (17% of the total days) compared with the amount of abstinence (50% of the total days) indicated by the self-observation of cervical mucus.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"84","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"805","pageEnd":"807","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.03.042","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81230213"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.03.042"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16169432"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q81230213"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recent-use-of-oral-contraceptives-and-the-risk-of-multiple-sclerosis-recj05jamdepevp3v/","name":"Recent use of oral contraceptives and the risk of multiple sclerosis","headline":"Recent use of oral contraceptives and the risk of multiple sclerosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recent-use-of-oral-contraceptives-and-the-risk-of-multiple-sclerosis-recj05jamdepevp3v/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Alvaro Alonso","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2225-8323","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan S Jick","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2215-1067","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0228drn10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael J Olek","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3840-2772","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Michael's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04skqfp25"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alberto Ascherio","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0585-3294","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Michaels Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02459py43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hershel Jick","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4270-5992","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0228drn10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Miguel A. Hernán","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1619-8456","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Michael's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04skqfp25"}}],"datePublished":"2005-09-15","abstract":"Background: Exogenous estrogens affect the onset and clinical course of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. Oral contraceptives, a frequent source of exogenous estrogens in humans, could have a role in the development of multiple sclerosis (MS).\n\nObjective: To examine whether recent oral contraceptive use and pregnancy history are associated with the risk of MS. DESIGN AND Setting: A case-control study nested in the General Practice Research Database. This database contains prospective health information (drug prescriptions and clinical diagnoses) on more than 3 million Britons who are enrolled with selected general practitioners.\n\nParticipants: One hundred six female incident cases of MS, younger than 50 years, with at least 3 years of continuous recording in the General Practice Research Database before the date of first symptoms (index date), identified between January 1, 1993, and December 31, 2000, and 1001 controls matched on age, practice, and date of joining the practice. Main Outcome Measure Incidence of first symptoms of MS, confirmed through medical records.\n\nResults: The incidence of MS was 40% lower (odds ratio, 0.6; 95% confidence interval, 0.4-1.0) in oral contraceptive users compared with nonusers during the previous 3 years. The risk of MS increased in the 6 months after pregnancy (odds ratio, 2.9, 95% confidence interval, 1.2-6.6), but it was not otherwise related to parity.\n\nConclusions: The hormonal changes that occur during oral contraceptive use and pregnancy may be associated with a short-term reduction in the risk of MS, and the postpartum period may be associated with a short-term increase in the risk of MS.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"62","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Archives of Neurology"}}},"pageStart":"1362","pageEnd":"1365","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1001/archneur.62.9.1362","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51841065"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/archneur.62.9.1362"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16157743"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q51841065"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/basal-body-temperature-assessment-is-it-useful-to-couples-seeking-pregnancy-recgasl8pt0xzdaw6/","name":"Basal body temperature assessment: is it useful to couples seeking pregnancy?","headline":"Basal body temperature assessment: is it useful to couples seeking pregnancy?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/basal-body-temperature-assessment-is-it-useful-to-couples-seeking-pregnancy-recgasl8pt0xzdaw6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Lee Barron","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4719-3420","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}}],"datePublished":"2005-09-01","abstract":"Advanced practice nurses in primary care settings are often asked to give appropriate advice to couples seeking pregnancy. This article examines the issue of basal body temperature (BBT), a time-honored way to establish the presence of ovulatory cycles, and asks if BBT is an outdated recommendation. The article also reviews the benefits and limitations of recommending BBT to couples seeking pregnancy in light of recent fecundity research.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"30","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"MCN. The American journal of maternal child nursing"}}},"pageStart":"290","pageEnd":"298","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/00005721-200509000-00004","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36244871"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/00005721-200509000-00004"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16132004"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36244871"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/impact-of-teenage-oral-contraceptive-use-in-a-population-based-series-of-early-o-rec3ulisghohd9luk/","name":"Impact of teenage oral contraceptive use in a population-based series of  early-onset breast cancer cases who have undergone BRCA mutation testing","headline":"Impact of teenage oral contraceptive use in a population-based series of  early-onset breast cancer cases who have undergone BRCA mutation testing","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/impact-of-teenage-oral-contraceptive-use-in-a-population-based-series-of-early-o-rec3ulisghohd9luk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Helena Jernström","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2301-5147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Lund University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012a77v79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ake Borg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1087-1120","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Lund University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012a77v79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Håkan Olsson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8794-9635","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Lund University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012a77v79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Oskar T Johannsson"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Niklas Loman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Lund University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012a77v79"}}],"datePublished":"2005-08-25","abstract":"Oral contraceptive (OC) use in young women has been associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. This matched case-control study aims to elucidate the combined effects of OC use and genetic factors in a population-based series of BRCA1/2 mutation-tested early-onset breast cancers. A first invasive breast cancer was diagnosed in 259 women aged 40 years between 1990 and 1995 in the South Swedish Health Care Region. A total of 245 women were included in this study. Information on family history of cancer, reproductive factors, smoking and OC use was obtained from questionnaires or patient charts. Three age-matched controls per case were chosen from a prospective South Swedish cohort. Ever OC use and current OC use were not associated with breast cancer. Cases were more likely to have used OCs before age 20 years (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 2.10 (95% CI 1.32-3.33)) and before their first child (adjusted OR 1.63 (95% CI 1.02-2.62)). When stratified by age, the effect of early OC use was limited to women diagnosed prior to age 36 years (OR 1.53 (1.17-1.99) per year of OC use prior to age 20 years). The risks were similar for low-dose and high-dose OCs. The probability of being a BRCA1/2 mutation carrier was three times higher among cases who started OC use prior to age 20 years compared with cases who started at age 20 years or older or who had never used OCs. However, the duration of OC use was similar among cases with and without BRCA1/2 mutations. No association was seen with a first-degree family history of breast cancer. Each year of OC use prior to age 20 years conferred a significantly increased risk for early-onset breast cancer, while there was no risk associated with use after age 20 years.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"41","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European Journal of Cancer (Oxford, England : 1990)"}}},"pageStart":"2312","pageEnd":"2320","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2005.03.035","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34445053"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ejca.2005.03.035"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16118051"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34445053"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/health-related-quality-of-life-measurements-in-elderly-canadians-with-osteoporos-rec7heknx6jmky7wv/","name":"Health-related quality of life measurements in elderly Canadians with osteoporosis compared to other chronic medical conditions: a population-based study from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos)","headline":"Health-related quality of life measurements in elderly Canadians with osteoporosis compared to other chronic medical conditions: a population-based study from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/health-related-quality-of-life-measurements-in-elderly-canadians-with-osteoporos-rec7heknx6jmky7wv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A M Sawka","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4152-5578","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton","sameAs":"https://ror.org/009z39p97"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lehana Thabane","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8307-3568","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Impact","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05d9dsr70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandra Papaioannou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9412-0932","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amiran Gafni","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8279-8172","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Ioannidis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6956-5737","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W M Hopman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3162-8754","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kingston General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03zq81960"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cranney"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Cranney","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Hanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Adachi JD and the CaMos Research Group."},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"CaMos Investigators"},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Pickard","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Joseph's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02cmyty27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emmanuel A Papadimitropoulos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3688-523X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eli Lilly (Canada)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p8kt313"}}],"datePublished":"2005-08-18","abstract":"The objective of this research was to determine the relative decrement in health-related quality of life, as measured by the health utilities index mark 3 (HUI3), in osteoporosis compared to other chronic medical conditions. The impact of chronic medical conditions other than osteoporosis on HUI3 measurements had been previously established in the 1996/1997 Canadian National Population Health Survey (NPHS). The Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos) is a national population-based study in which regional participants were randomly recruited, regardless of presence of osteoporosis. We analyzed data from participants aged > or = 65 years who completed a baseline HUI3 questionnaire and provided information on their medical history (n=3,750). We determined the ageand gender-adjusted mean decrement in HUI3 for several chronic medical conditions, including osteoporosis. The mean changes in HUI3 adjusted for age and gender (with 95% confidence intervals) were as follows: arthritis -0.10 (-0.11, -0.09), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) -0.07 (-0.09, -0.05), diabetes mellitus -0.05 (-0.08, -0.03), heart disease -0.06 (-0.08, -0.04), hypertension -0.02 (-0.03, -0.01), and osteoporosis -0.08 (-0.11, -0.06), respectively (model r2=0.17; P<0.0001). These findings were comparable to those observed in the NPHS, with the exception of osteoporosis, which had not been previously studied in this fashion. The decrement in HUI3 score seen in participants with osteoporosis was comparable to that observed in other chronic medical conditions, such as arthritis, COPD, diabetes mellitus or heart disease.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Osteoporos Int"}}},"pageStart":"1836","pageEnd":"1840","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-005-1949-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q53282553"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00198-005-1949-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16133651"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q53282553"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-factors-for-inflammatory-bowel-disease-in-the-general-population-recssehuzgt5rc0vb/","name":"Risk factors for inflammatory bowel disease in the general population","headline":"Risk factors for inflammatory bowel disease in the general population","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-factors-for-inflammatory-bowel-disease-in-the-general-population-recssehuzgt5rc0vb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"L. A. García Rodríguez","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centro Español de Investigación Farmacoepidemiológica","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02wxe0t87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"González-Pérez A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8595-9578","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad de Guanajuato"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonio González‐Pérez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9771-5982","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centro Español de Investigación Farmacoepidemiológica","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02wxe0t87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wallander MA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"García Rodríguez LA","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0692-0986","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Cartagena"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Johansson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5031-804X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sahlgrenska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vgqjj36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M-A Wallander","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Uppsala University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/048a87296"}}],"datePublished":"2005-08-16","abstract":"Background: The aetiology of inflammatory bowel disease remains largely unknown.\n\nAim: We performed a comprehensive assessment of potential risk factors associated with the occurrence of inflammatory bowel disease.\n\nMethods: We identified a cohort of patients 20-84 years old between 1995 and 1997 registered in the General Practitioner Research Database in the UK. A total of 444 incident cases of IBD were ascertained and validated with the general practitioner. We performed a nested case-control analysis using all cases and a random sample of 10 000 frequency-matched controls.\n\nResults: Incidence rates for ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, and indeterminate colitis were 11, 8, and 2 cases per 100 000 person-years, respectively. Among women, we found that long-term users of oral contraceptives were at increased risk of developing UC (OR: 2.35; 95% CI: 0.89-6.22) and CD (OR: 3.15; 95% CI: 1.24-7.99). Similarly, long-term users of HRT had an increased risk of CD (OR: 2.60; 95% CI: 1.04-6.49) but not UC. Current smokers experienced a reduced risk of UC along with an increased risk of CD. Prior appendectomy was associated with a decreased the risk of UC (OR: 0.37; 95% CI: 0.14-1.00).\n\nConclusions: Our results support the hypothesis of an increased risk of inflammatory bowel disease associated with oral contraceptives use and suggest a similar effect of hormone replacement therapy on CD. We also confirmed the effects of smoking and appendectomy on inflammatory bowel disease.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics"}}},"pageStart":"309","pageEnd":"315","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02564.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28186843"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02564.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16097997"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28186843"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prior-oral-contraception-and-postmenopausal-fracture-a-womens-health-initiative-observational-cohort-study-recjup960b3zxlel2/","name":"Prior oral contraception and postmenopausal fracture: a Women's Health Initiative  observational cohort study","headline":"Prior oral contraception and postmenopausal fracture: a Women's Health Initiative  observational cohort study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prior-oral-contraception-and-postmenopausal-fracture-a-womens-health-initiative-observational-cohort-study-recjup960b3zxlel2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"David H. Barad","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7980-2369","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05cf8a891"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Charles Kooperberg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7986-8560","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fred Hutch Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007ps6h72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jueli Liu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5815-2483","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang A & F University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vj4rn06"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nelson B Watts","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0719-9801","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Cincinnati Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02p72h367"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan L Hendrix","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wayne State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01070mq45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Wactawski-Wende","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3096-9595","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y64my43"}}],"datePublished":"2005-08-09","abstract":"Objective: To test for the possible association of past oral contraceptive (OC) use and incident fracture after menopause.\nDesign: A prospective cohort of 93,725 postmenopausal women.\nSetting: Forty Women's Health Initiative (WHI) clinical centers across the United States. PATIENT(S): Ethnically diverse 93,725 volunteer postmenopausal women, 50 to 79 years old. INTERVENTION(S): None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The main outcome was self-reported incident first fracture assessed prospectively by annual questionnaire. RESULT(S): The adjusted relative hazard (HR) for fracture among past OC users was 1.07 (95% CI, 1.01-1.15). Among women without any postmenopausal hormone treatment, past OC use for < or =5 years led to an HR of 1.15 (95% CI, 1.04-1.27) and for past OC use >5 years led to an HR of 1.09 (95% CI, 0.97-1.23) compared with never users. CONCLUSION(S): This study does not support the idea that past OC use protects against later fracture.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"84","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"374","pageEnd":"383","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.01.132","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50766998"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.01.132"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16084878"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50766998"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovarian-aging-and-the-perimenopausal-transition-the-paradox-of-endogenous-ovaria-recuqvf6wvskf8xea/","name":"Ovarian aging and the perimenopausal transition: the paradox of endogenous  ovarian hyperstimulation","headline":"Ovarian aging and the perimenopausal transition: the paradox of endogenous  ovarian hyperstimulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovarian-aging-and-the-perimenopausal-transition-the-paradox-of-endogenous-ovaria-recuqvf6wvskf8xea/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2005-07-22","abstract":"The purpose of this review is to put into a useful clinical context the changing over time of basic ovarian-pituitary-hypothalamic relationships during perimenopause. \"Perimenopause\" means changes in ovarian hormones, feedback relationships, and clinical experiences beginning in women ages 35-50 with regular flow and ending 1 yr after the final menstrual flow. A key observation must be explained--estradiol levels are increased in perimenopause. Inhibin B levels are lower and activin may be higher in midlife, menstruating women. These changes probably cause higher follicular phase FSH levels--\"endogenous ovarian hyperstimulation\" results. The positive estradiol feedback on LH is also disturbed--midcycle LH peaks and mid-luteal slow-frequency, high-amplitude LH pulses are less frequent. In addition to higher levels, estradiol receptors may increase in tissues of symptomatic women. Despite hyperstimulation of follicles, progesterone levels and luteal phase lengths are paradoxically decreased--reasons probably include LH peak disruptions and estrogen-stimulated greater corticotrophin-mediated reproductive suppression. In summary, disturbed feedback relationships causing higher and unpredictable estrogen and lower progesterone levels occur throughout perimenopause, especially during regular cycles. Prospective, population-based research is needed to systematically relate these feedback hormonal changes to clinical characteristics and to allow a diagnosis of perimenopause in regularly cycling midlife women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"26","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Endocrine"}}},"pageStart":"297","pageEnd":"300","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1385/ENDO:26:3:297","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36202112"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1385/ENDO:26:3:297"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16034185"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36202112"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/determination-of-the-fertile-window-reproductive-competence-of-women--european-c-recd1xl8bf8g8dodi/","name":"Determination of the fertile window: reproductive competence of women--European  cycle databases","headline":"Determination of the fertile window: reproductive competence of women--European  cycle databases","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/determination-of-the-fertile-window-reproductive-competence-of-women--european-c-recd1xl8bf8g8dodi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Petra Frank‐Herrmann","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1322-0366","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Gnoth","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6329-4075","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas Strowitzki","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7024-855X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Heidelberg University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/038t36y30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Baur","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"German Society of Surgery","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ew91p29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Petra Frank-Herrmann","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0330-0741","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Gynaecological Endocrinology and Fertility Disorders, University of Heidelberg, Vossstrasse 9, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany. petra.frank-herrmann@med.uni-heidelberg.de","sameAs":"https://ror.org/038t36y30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Günter Freundl","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82"}}],"datePublished":"2005-07-16","abstract":"Objectives: The objective of the present paper is to review the main results of recent European cycle databases on ovulation detection and determination of the fertile window performed by the women themselves.\n\nMethods: The ongoing German Long-term Cycle Database currently comprises 32788 prospectively collected cycle charts of 1551 women, the I European Cycle Database (10 countries) 1328 women/19048 cycles, the II European Cycle Database (six countries) 782 women/6724 cycles, and the World Health Organization Database (one European country) 234 women/2808 cycles. The women record cycle parameters (cervical mucus changes, temperature rise, etc.), family planning intention and sexual behavior.\n\nResults: With the symptothermal method of natural family planning it has become possible to determine the fertile window in order to avoid pregnancy with a method effectiveness of 0.3%. According to a small sub-study, the ovulation time observed by the women themselves correlates closely with ovulation detected by ultrasound and measurement of luteinizing hormone (correlation within 1 day in 89% of the 62 cycles). Fertility awareness methods can be integrated into the management of sub-fertility. They seem to shorten the time to pregnancy.\n\nConclusions: Self-observation of the fertile window puts women into a position to develop a high level of reproductive competence that could be used much more in different areas than is currently the case.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"20","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Gynecological Endocrinology : the Official Journal of the International Society  of Gynecological Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"305","pageEnd":"312","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/09513590500097507","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36194471"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/09513590500097507"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16019378"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36194471"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ultrastructure-of-the-human-periovulatory-cervical-mucus-rec243dxxd0lzieum/","name":"Ultrastructure of the human periovulatory cervical mucus","headline":"Ultrastructure of the human periovulatory cervical mucus","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ultrastructure-of-the-human-periovulatory-cervical-mucus-rec243dxxd0lzieum/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Francisco Ceric","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5526-3399","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Doris Silva","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9512-8749"}],"datePublished":"2005-07-12","abstract":"Two main types of cervical mucus have been described during the menstrual cycle: oestrogenic and progestative. Each category shows diverse morphological and functional features from the reproductive point of view. Traditionally, this change has been approached by analysing morphological patterns. In fact, a mesh model has been described for cervical mucus, structurally composed of fibrillar subunits with a parallel orientation, together with another model in a characteristic network shape with canalicular units, but the real model is not clear. The objective of our work was to study the different morphological structures of the mucus, as related to the day of follicular rupture (considered as day 0) determined by ultrasound. Cervical mucus samples were obtained from the cervical canal with an ASPIRETTEtrade mark from day -4 to day +1 of the menstrual cycle. Samples were fixed and dried by critical point. The ultrastructure was examined with scanning electron microscopy. The presence of three types of oestrogenic and one type of progestative cervical mucus was confirmed in this period. Our paper shows different types of ultrastructure in the oestrogenic mucus in relation to ovulation, which would help to understand the interaction between male gametes and cervical mucus in migration through the female genital tract.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"54","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Electron Microscopy"}}},"pageStart":"479","pageEnd":"484","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/jmicro/dfh106","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46592138"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/jmicro/dfh106"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16006441"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46592138"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-review-of-the-multiple-actions-of-melatonin-on-the-immune-system-cflmkmba/","name":"A review of the multiple actions of melatonin on the immune system","headline":"A review of the multiple actions of melatonin on the immune system","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-review-of-the-multiple-actions-of-melatonin-on-the-immune-system-cflmkmba/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Carrillo-Vico A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Guerrero JM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lardone PJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Reiter RJ"}],"datePublished":"2005-07-01","abstract":"This review summarizes the numerous observations published in recent years which have shown that one of the most significant of melatonin's pleiotropic effects is the regulation of the immune system. The overview summarizes the immune effects of pinealectomy and the association between rhythmic melatonin production and adjustments in the immune system as markers of melatonin's immunomodulatory actions. The effects of both in vivo and in vitromelatonin administration on non-specific, humoral, and cellular immune responses as well as on cellular proliferation and immune mediator production are presented. One of the main features that distinguishes melatonin from the classical hormones is its synthesis by a number of non-endocrine extrapineal organs, including the immune system. Herein, we summarize the presence of immune system-synthesized melatonin, its direct immunomodulatory effects on cytokine production, and its masking effects on exogenous melatonin action. The mechanisms of action of melatonin in the immune system are also discussed, focusing attention on the presence of membrane and nuclear receptors and the characterization of several physiological roles mediated by some receptor analogs in immune cells. The review focuses on melatonin's actions in several immune pathologies including infection, inflammation, and autoimmunity together with the relation between melatonin, immunity, and cancer.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"27","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Endocrine"}}},"pageStart":"189","pageEnd":"200","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1385/ENDO:27:2:189","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22306049"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1385/ENDO:27:2:189"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"16217132"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q22306049"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-association-of-hysterectomy-and-menopause-a-prospective-cohort-study-h5i7nmls/","name":"The association of hysterectomy and menopause: a prospective cohort study","headline":"The association of hysterectomy and menopause: a prospective cohort study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-association-of-hysterectomy-and-menopause-a-prospective-cohort-study-h5i7nmls/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C Farquhar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3685-3553","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Auckland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03b94tp07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sadler L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Harvey SA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stewart AW"}],"datePublished":"2005-07-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine whether or not hysterectomy leads to an earlier onset of the menopause.\n\nDESIGN: A prospective cohort study.\n\nSETTING: Gynaecology service of large urban hospital.\n\nPOPULATION: Premenopausal women with and without hysterectomy.\n\nMETHODS: Multivariate survival analysis techniques were used to adjust for differences in initial follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels, body mass index, smoking and unilateral oophorectomy between the groups.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: FSH levels were measured for five years following hysterectomy and compared with the comparison group. Menopause was defined as a single FSH measurement of at least 40 IU/L.\n\nRESULTS: Two hundred and fifty-seven women undergoing hysterectomy were compared with 259 women who had not undergone a hysterectomy. Fifty-three women (20.6%) in the hysterectomy group and 19 women (7.3%) in the comparison group reached menopause over the five years of the study. Women in the hysterectomy group with a pre-operative FSH <10 IU/L reached menopause 3.7 years (95% CI 1.5-6.0 years) earlier than women in the comparison group independent of BMI, smoking and unilateral oophorectomy. Twenty-eight women in the hysterectomy group had unilateral oophorectomy and 10 (35.7%) of these women reached menopause over the five years of follow up. Women in the hysterectomy group with unilateral oophorectomy reached menopause 4.4 years (95% CI 0.6, 7.9 years) earlier than women with both ovaries in the hysterectomy group independent of baseline FSH, BMI and smoking.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Hysterectomy is associated with an earlier onset of menopause. Hysterectomy with unilateral oophorectomy is associated with an even earlier onset of the menopause in this study.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"112","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"956","pageEnd":"62","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2005.00696.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34426678"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1471-0528.2005.00696.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15957999"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34426678"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/an-economic-evaluation-of-laparoscopic-ovarian-diathermy-versus-gonadotrophin-th-recswet1ccvpyrefk/","name":"An economic evaluation of laparoscopic ovarian diathermy versus gonadotrophin  therapy for women with clomiphene citrate-resistant polycystic ovarian syndrome","headline":"An economic evaluation of laparoscopic ovarian diathermy versus gonadotrophin  therapy for women with clomiphene citrate-resistant polycystic ovarian syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/an-economic-evaluation-of-laparoscopic-ovarian-diathermy-versus-gonadotrophin-th-recswet1ccvpyrefk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C Farquhar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3685-3553","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Auckland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03b94tp07"}}],"datePublished":"2005-06-25","abstract":"PURPOSE OF Review: Women with polycystic ovarian syndrome are typically anovulatory and require ovulation induction. Ovarian wedge resection was the first treatment for anovulation but was eventually abandoned because of the increased risk of postsurgical adhesions and as medical ovulation induction with clomiphene and gonadotrophins was introduced. However, with the advent of laparoscopy, there has been a return to surgical approaches. The potential advantages of laparoscopic surgery include avoidance of hyperstimulation and the lowered costs make ovarian surgery an attractive alternative to gonadotrophins.\nRecent Findings: Clinical trials in New Zealand and the Netherlands have compared costs of laparoscopic ovarian drilling with gonadotrophins. The total cost of treatment in the Netherlands study for the ovarian drilling group was euro 4664 and for the gonadotrophins group was euro 5418. Without the cost of monitoring and the diagnostic laparoscopy then the difference was euro 2110 in favour of ovarian drilling. It was estimated that the cost per term pregnancy would be euro 14,489 for gonadotrophin and euro 11,301 for ovarian drilling (22% lower). The higher rates of multiple pregnancy in the gonadotrophin group were considered to be responsible for the increased costs. In the New Zealand trial the costs of a live birth were one-third lower in the group that underwent laparoscopic ovarian diathermy compared with those women who received gonadotrophins (NZ$19,640 and 29,836, respectively).\nSummary: Treating women with clomiphene-resistant polycystic ovarian syndrome with laparoscopic ovarian diathermy results in reduced direct and indirect costs. The reduction in multiple pregnancies makes the alternative of surgery particularly attractive.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Current Opinion in Obstetrics & Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"347","pageEnd":"353","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/01.gco.0000175351.18308.3a","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36173787"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/01.gco.0000175351.18308.3a"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15976539"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36173787"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-new-method-for-estimating-the-effectiveness-of-emergency-contraception-that-ac-recjzfhatoh924jwa/","name":"A new method for estimating the effectiveness of emergency contraception that accounts for variation in timing of ovulation and previous cycle length","headline":"A new method for estimating the effectiveness of emergency contraception that accounts for variation in timing of ovulation and previous cycle length","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-new-method-for-estimating-the-effectiveness-of-emergency-contraception-that-ac-recjzfhatoh924jwa/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rafael Mikolajczyk","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1271-7204","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bielefeld University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02hpadn98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2005-06-14","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To develop a new method for estimating the effectiveness of emergency contraception (EC) by using information about previous menstrual cycle length, accounting for the variation in the day of ovulation within the menstrual cycle, and comparing the validity of the new and previous methods.\n\nMETHOD(S): Secondary analysis of a data set with a biological marker of ovulation and its distribution in the cycle. Based on a sample of cycles with known length and a known biological marker of ovulation, we simulated trials of predetermined EC effectiveness and then calculated estimates of EC effectiveness based on old and new methods.\n\nRESULT(S): Under some conditions, all methods produced biased estimates of effectiveness with simulated trials, especially when the actual effectiveness was low. The systematic bias was minimized with the new method. The new method was robust with regard to the distribution of the day of intercourse in women presenting for EC.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Future studies of EC effectiveness should consider both the uncertainty in predicting the day of ovulation and previous cycle length. Our estimates of daily fecundity should be replicated with other data sets.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"83","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1764","pageEnd":"1770","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.01.097","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40414708"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.01.097"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15950649"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40414708"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/over-the-counter-progesterone-cream-produces-significant-drug-exposure-compared--recg1tui4rdvfgsfh/","name":"Over-the-counter progesterone cream produces significant drug exposure compared to a food and drug administration-approved oral progesterone product","headline":"Over-the-counter progesterone cream produces significant drug exposure compared to a food and drug administration-approved oral progesterone product","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/over-the-counter-progesterone-cream-produces-significant-drug-exposure-compared--recg1tui4rdvfgsfh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jennifer Victory","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6513-9527"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rocci ML Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mario L. Rocci","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bassett Healthcare Network","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04qvzh720"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bertino JS Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph Bertino","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1743-7423"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anne C Hermann","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bassett Healthcare Network","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04qvzh720"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert Kulawy","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bassett Healthcare Network","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04qvzh720"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anne N Nafziger"}],"datePublished":"2005-05-20","abstract":"Progesterone products are available in prescription form as well as over-the-counter (OTC) topical preparations sold for \"cosmetic\" uses. In a randomized study design, the authors compared the drug exposure from an OTC progesterone cream to a Food and Drug Administration-approved oral preparation at the labeled daily doses recommended for each product. Twelve healthy postmenopausal women received 200-mg oral progesterone capsules once daily for 12 days or progesterone cream 40 mg twice daily for 12 days. At steady state (day 12 of each phase), whole-blood samples were collected over 24 hours (oral progesterone) or 12 hours (topical progesterone) and assayed for total progesterone concentration. No significant differences were found in dose-normalized 24-hour progesterone exposure comparing the cream to oral capsules (median AUC(0-24) 12.5 ng x h/mL vs 10.5 ng x h/mL, respectively; P = .81). In light of the potential risks associated with long-term progesterone use, the authors question whether topical progesterone products should be available OTC.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"45","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Clinical Pharmacology"}}},"pageStart":"614","pageEnd":"619","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/0091270005276621","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34419804"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/0091270005276621"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15901742"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34419804"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lepidium-meyenii-maca-increases-litter-size-in-normal-adult-female-mice-csftba5o/","name":"Lepidium meyenii (Maca) increases litter size in normal adult female mice","headline":"Lepidium meyenii (Maca) increases litter size in normal adult female mice","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lepidium-meyenii-maca-increases-litter-size-in-normal-adult-female-mice-csftba5o/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ruiz-Luna AC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sandra Salazar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5617-5609","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Miami School of Medicine"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aspajo NJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rubio J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gasco M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gonzales GF"}],"datePublished":"2005-05-03","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Lepidium meyenii, known as Maca, grows exclusively in the Peruvian Andes over 4000 m altitude. It has been used traditionally to increase fertility. Previous scientific studies have demonstrated that Maca increases spermatogenesis and epididymal sperm count. The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of Maca on several fertility parameters of female mice at reproductive age.\n\nMETHODS: Adult female Balb/C mice were divided at random into three main groups: i) Reproductive indexes group, ii) Implantation sites group and iii) Assessment of uterine weight in ovariectomized mice. Animals received an aqueous extract of lyophilized Yellow Maca (1 g/Kg BW) or vehicle orally as treatment. In the fertility indexes study, animals received the treatment before, during and after gestation. The fertility index, gestation index, post-natal viability index, weaning viability index and sex ratio were calculated. Sexual maturation was evaluated in the female pups by the vaginal opening (VO) day. In the implantation study, females were checked for implantation sites at gestation day 7 and the embryos were counted. In ovariectomized mice, the uterine weight was recorded at the end of treatment.\n\nRESULTS: Implantation sites were similar in mice treated with Maca and in controls. All reproductive indexes were similar in both groups of treatment. The number of pups per dam at birth and at postnatal day 4 was significantly higher in the group treated with Maca. VO day occurred earlier as litter size was smaller. Maca did not affect VO day. In ovariectomized mice, the treatment with Maca increased significantly the uterine weights in comparison to their respective control group.\n\nCONCLUSION: Administration of aqueous extract of Yellow Maca to adult female mice increases the litter size. Moreover, this treatment increases the uterine weight in ovariectomized animals. Our study confirms for the first time some of the traditional uses of Maca to enhance female fertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E"}},"pageStart":"16","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7827-3-16","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24805602"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/1477-7827-3-16"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15869705"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q24805602"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevention-of-recurrent-miscarriage-for-women-with-antiphospholipid-antibody-or--1taxgnp1/","name":"Prevention of recurrent miscarriage for women with antiphospholipid antibody or lupus anticoagulant","headline":"Prevention of recurrent miscarriage for women with antiphospholipid antibody or lupus anticoagulant","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevention-of-recurrent-miscarriage-for-women-with-antiphospholipid-antibody-or--1taxgnp1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Empson M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lassere M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Craig J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Scott J"}],"datePublished":"2005-04-18","abstract":"BACKGROUND: A range of treatments have been proposed to improve pregnancy outcome in recurrent pregnancy loss associated with antiphospholipid antibody (APL). Small studies have not resolved uncertainty about benefits and risks.\n\nOBJECTIVES: To examine outcomes of all treatments given to maintain pregnancy in women with prior miscarriage and APL.\n\nSEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Pregnancy and Childbirth Group's Trials Register (30 May 2004), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (The Cochrane Library, Issue 2, 2003), MEDLINE (1966 to June 2003), EMBASE (1988 to June 2003), Lupus (volume one to eight, 1991 to 1999) and conference proceedings from the International Symposium on APL up to 1999.\n\nSELECTION CRITERIA: Randomised or quasi-randomised, controlled trials of interventions in pregnant women with a history of pregnancy loss and APL.\n\nDATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two review authors independently assessed quality and extracted data for studies up to December 1999. One review author performed this for studies after 1999.\n\nMAIN RESULTS: Thirteen studies were found (849 participants). The quality was not high; 50% had clear evidence of allocation concealment. Participant characteristics varied between trials. Unfractionated heparin combined with aspirin (two trials; n = 140) significantly reduced pregnancy loss compared to aspirin alone (relative risk (RR) 0.46, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.29 to 0.71). Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) combined with aspirin compared to aspirin (one trial; n = 98) did not significantly reduce pregnancy loss (RR 0.78, 95% CI 0.39 to 1.57). There was no advantage in high-dose, over low-dose, unfractionated heparin (one trial; n = 50). Three trials of aspirin alone (n = 135) showed no significant reduction in pregnancy loss (RR 1.05, 95% CI 0.66 to 1.68). Prednisone and aspirin (three trials; n = 286) resulted in a significant increase in prematurity when compared to placebo, aspirin, and heparin combined with aspirin, and an increase in gestational diabetes, but no significant benefit. Intravenous immunoglobulin +/- unfractionated heparin and aspirin (two trials; n = 58) was associated with an increased risk of pregnancy loss or premature birth when compared to unfractionated heparin or LMWH combined with aspirin (RR 2.51, 95% CI 1.27 to 4.95). When compared to prednisone and aspirin, intravenous immunoglobulin (one trial; n = 82) was not significantly different in outcomes.\n\nAUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Combined unfractionated heparin and aspirin may reduce pregnancy loss by 54%. Large, randomised controlled trials with adequate allocation concealment are needed to explore potential differences between unfractionated heparin and LMWH.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2005","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Cochrane database of systematic reviews"}}},"pageStart":"CD002859","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD002859.pub2","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/14651858.CD002859.pub2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15846641"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/changes-in-pulmonary-transfer-factor-with-menstrual-cycle-phase-recicbukprbzucsth/","name":"Changes in pulmonary transfer factor with menstrual cycle phase","headline":"Changes in pulmonary transfer factor with menstrual cycle phase","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/changes-in-pulmonary-transfer-factor-with-menstrual-cycle-phase-recicbukprbzucsth/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Catherine J. Bacon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2275-7082","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anthony R H Oldham","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0202-9443"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Donald C McKenzie","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0400-627X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Western University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02grkyz14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Raja T Abboud","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1829-1729","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02zg69r60"}}],"datePublished":"2005-04-15","abstract":"To determine whether lung transfer factor for carbon monoxide (T(L(CO))) alters during menstrual phase and if steroid hormone levels relate to these changes, T(L(CO)) and T(L(CO)) adjusted for both alveolar volume (T(L)/V(A)) and haemoglobin concentration, were measured at five predefined and hormonally confirmed menstrual phases in 13 women. No difference between phases was observed in T(L(CO)) or adjusted values. Moreover, there was no association between the maximal change in oestradiol, progesterone, or oestradiol:progesterone ratio and the change in T(L(CO)) measured at the same time. When the first five chronological measurements, regardless of the menstrual phase at which they were measured, were analysed, T(L(CO)) changed significantly (p<0.05) with a maximal change between the first and fourth test (-2.69+/-2.53, 95% confidence interval). Although these results indicate that the first in a series of T(L(CO)) measurements may be higher, we found neither menstrual cycle phase nor ovarian hormone-related changes in T(L(CO)), and conclude that its adjustment for menstrual phase may not be necessary.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"146","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2-3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Respir Physiol Neurobiol"}}},"pageStart":"195","pageEnd":"203","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resp.2004.11.011","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46377970"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.resp.2004.11.011"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15766907"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46377970"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-environmental-tobacco-smoke-on-levels-of-urinary-hormone-markers-rec7rqj7gjskmbuvc/","name":"Effect of environmental tobacco smoke on levels of urinary hormone markers","headline":"Effect of environmental tobacco smoke on levels of urinary hormone markers","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-environmental-tobacco-smoke-on-levels-of-urinary-hormone-markers-rec7rqj7gjskmbuvc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Chen Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6748-9654","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Taiwan University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05bqach95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xi Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9885-356X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Northwestern University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/000e0be47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Liang Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1461-0438"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fan Yang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6450-5444","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Anhui Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xb04968"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Louise Ryan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9080-5635","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bill L. Lasley","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Davis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"James W Overstreet","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Davis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Genfu Tang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3585-8376","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Anhui Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xb04968"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lina Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5690-5365","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wadsworth Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/050kf9c55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Houxun Xing","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5540-7195","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Anhui Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xb04968"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xiaojun Xu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2138-4608","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059cjpv64"}}],"datePublished":"2005-04-01","abstract":"Our recent study showed a dose-response relationship between environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and the risk of early pregnancy loss. Smoking is known to affect female reproductive hormones. We explored whether ETS affects reproductive hormone profiles as characterized by urinary pregnanediol-3-glucuronide (PdG) and estrone conjugate (E1C) levels. We prospectively studied 371 healthy newly married nonsmoking women in China who intended to conceive and had stopped contraception. Daily records of vaginal bleeding, active and passive cigarette smoking, and daily first-morning urine specimens were collected for up to 1 year or until a clinical pregnancy was achieved. We determined the day of ovulation for each menstrual cycle. The effects of ETS exposure on daily urinary PdG and E1C levels in a +/-10 day window around the day of ovulation were analyzed for conception and nonconception cycles, respectively. Our analysis included 344 nonconception cycles and 329 conception cycles. In nonconception cycles, cycles with ETS exposure had significantly lower urinary E1C levels (beta = -0.43, SE = 0.08, p < 0.001 in log scale) compared with the cycles without ETS exposure. There was no significant difference in urinary PdG levels in cycles having ETS exposure (beta = -0.07, SE = 0.15, p = 0.637 in log scale) compared with no ETS exposure. Among conception cycles, there were no significant differences in E1C and PdG levels between ETS exposure and nonexposure. In conclusion, ETS exposure was associated with significantly lower urinary E1C levels among nonconception cycles, suggesting that the adverse reproductive effect of ETS may act partly through its antiestrogen effects.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"113","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environmental health perspectives"}}},"pageStart":"412","pageEnd":"417","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.7436","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24814718"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1289/ehp.7436"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15811831"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q24814718"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/female-reproductive-cycle-and-obsessivecompulsive-disorder-bvpkg7pr/","name":"Female reproductive cycle and obsessive-compulsive disorder","headline":"Female reproductive cycle and obsessive-compulsive disorder","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/female-reproductive-cycle-and-obsessivecompulsive-disorder-bvpkg7pr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Labad J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Menchón JM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alonso P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Segalàs C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jiménez S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vallejo J"}],"datePublished":"2005-04-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: The aim of our study was to assess whether there is a relationship between reproductive cycle events and the initiation or changes in symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).\n\nMETHOD: Forty-six female outpatients meeting DSM-IV criteria for OCD completed a semistructured interview at our OCD unit to assess the relationship between reproductive cycle events and OCD. Dates of data collection were from January 2001 to December 2003.\n\nRESULTS: In our sample, OCD onset occurred in the same year as menarche in 22% (N = 10), at pregnancy in 2% (N = 1), at postpartum in 7% (N = 3), and at menopause in 2% (N = 1). Worsening of preexisting OCD was reported by 20% of patients (9/45) at premenstruum, 8% (1/12) at pregnancy, 50% (6/12) at postpartum, and 8% (1/12) at menopause. The number of premenstrual mood symptoms, which included anxiety, irritability, mood lability and depressed mood, was associated with both premenstrual worsening of OCD (OR = 5.1, p < .01) and onset or worsening of OCD at postpartum (OR = 2.7, p < .05). Patients with an onset or worsening of OCD at postpartum also more frequently reported pre-menstrual worsening of OCD and previous history of major depressive disorder, including postpartum depression (p < or =.05 for all).\n\nCONCLUSION: In a substantial number of patients, the onset or worsening of OCD was related to reproductive cycle events, especially at menarche and postpartum. Certain women with OCD seem to be vulnerable to worsening of OCD at different reproductive periods that imply hormonal fluctuations, and premenstruum and post-partum were the 2 reproductive events with a greater vulnerability. Those patients whose OCD symptoms appeared to be related to reproductive events also exhibited a greater history of mood symptoms (premenstrual depression and major depressive episodes).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"66","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of clinical psychiatry"}}},"pageStart":"428-35; quiz 546","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.4088/jcp.v66n0404","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44372251"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4088/jcp.v66n0404"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15816784"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44372251"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptive-use-and-risk-of-early-onset-breast-cancer-in-carriers-and-non-recgmacosprslopqm/","name":"Oral contraceptive use and risk of early-onset breast cancer in carriers and  noncarriers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations","headline":"Oral contraceptive use and risk of early-onset breast cancer in carriers and  noncarriers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptive-use-and-risk-of-early-onset-breast-cancer-in-carriers-and-non-recgmacosprslopqm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Roger L Milne","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5764-7268","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02a8bt934"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jeffrey A Knight","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7610-7635","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mount Sinai Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05deks119"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Esther M John","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3259-8003","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02a8bt934"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gillian S Dite","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2448-2548","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Melbourne","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Argyrios Ziogas","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4529-3727","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Irvine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Irene L Andrulis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4226-6435","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Melissa C. Southey","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6313-9005","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Detection Limit (United States)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mcj3013"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Graham G Giles","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4946-9099","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02a8bt934"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Margaret R E McCredie","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand;"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"McCredie MR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"John L Hopper","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8567-173X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Melbourne","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alice S Whittemore","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1985-9926","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California;","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f54p054"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"for the Breast Cancer Family Registry"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ronald Balbuena","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Irvine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Frederick P Li","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dana-Farber Cancer Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jzgtq86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dee W West","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cancer Prevention Institute of California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bx60s49"}}],"datePublished":"2005-03-01","abstract":"Background: Recent oral contraceptive use has been associated with a small increase in breast cancer risk and a substantial decrease in ovarian cancer risk. The effects on risks for women with germ line mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 are unclear.\n\nMethods: Subjects were population-based samples of Caucasian women that comprised 1,156 incident cases of invasive breast cancer diagnosed before age 40 (including 47 BRCA1 and 36 BRCA2 mutation carriers) and 815 controls from the San Francisco Bay area, California, Ontario, Canada, and Melbourne and Sydney, Australia. Relative risks by carrier status were estimated using unconditional logistic regression, comparing oral contraceptive use in case groups defined by mutation status with that in controls.\n\nResults: After adjustment for potential confounders, oral contraceptive use for at least 12 months was associated with decreased breast cancer risk for BRCA1 mutation carriers [odds ratio (OR), 0.22; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.10-0.49; P < 0.001], but not for BRCA2 mutation carriers (OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.34-3.09) or noncarriers (OR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.69-1.24). First use during or before 1975 was associated with increased risk for noncarriers (OR, 1.52 per year of use before 1976; 95% CI, 1.22-1.91; P < 0.001).\n\nConclusions: There was no evidence that use of current low-dose oral contraceptive formulations increases risk of early-onset breast cancer for mutation carriers, and there may be a reduced risk for BRCA1 mutation carriers. Because current formulations of oral contraceptives may reduce, or at least not exacerbate, ovarian cancer risk for mutation carriers, they should not be contraindicated for a woman with a germ line mutation in BRCA1 or BRCA2.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention : a Publication of the American  Association for Cancer Research, Cosponsored by the American Society of  Preventive Oncology"}}},"pageStart":"350","pageEnd":"356","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-04-0376","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34398269"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-04-0376"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15734957"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34398269"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adolescent-pregnancy-prevention-an-abstinence-centered-randomized-controlled-int-recc8vzorz4tv47ml/","name":"Adolescent pregnancy prevention: An abstinence-centered randomized controlled  intervention in a Chilean public high school","headline":"Adolescent pregnancy prevention: An abstinence-centered randomized controlled  intervention in a Chilean public high school","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adolescent-pregnancy-prevention-an-abstinence-centered-randomized-controlled-int-recc8vzorz4tv47ml/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mora Leiva","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x0xhn70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carlos Montero García","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x0xhn70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Waldo Aranda","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047gc3g35"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carlos Cabezón","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad de Los Andes, Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03v0qd864"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rosa Riquelme","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Iván Rojas","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1990-761X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad Nacional de Córdoba Facultad de Ciencias Químicas"}}],"datePublished":"2005-01-22","abstract":"Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of an abstinence-centered sex education program in adolescent pregnancy prevention, the TeenSTAR Program was applied in a high school in Santiago, Chile.\n\nMethods: A total of 1259 girls from a Santiago high school were divided into three cohorts depending on the year they started high school: the 1996 cohort of 425 students, which received no intervention; the 1997 cohort, in which 210 students received an intervention and 213 (control group) did not; and the 1998 cohort, in which 328 students received an intervention and 83 (control group) did not. Students were randomly assigned to control and intervention groups in these cohorts, before starting with the program. We conducted a prospective, randomized study using the application of the TeenSTAR sex education program during the first year of high school to the intervention groups in the 1997 and 1998 cohorts. All cohorts were followed up for 4 years; pregnancy rates were recorded and subsequently contrasted in the intervention and control groups. Pregnancy rates were measured and Risk Ratio with 95% confidence interval were calculated for intervention and control groups in each cohort.\n\nResults: Pregnancy rates for the intervention and control groups in the 1997 cohort were 3.3% and 18.9%, respectively (RR: 0.176, CI: 0.076-0.408). Pregnancy rates for the intervention and control groups in the 1998 cohort were 4.4% and 22.6%, respectively (RR 0.195, CI: 0.099-0.384).\n\nConclusions: The abstinence-centered TeenSTAR sex education intervention was effective in the prevention of unintended adolescent pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"36","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Adolescent Health : Official Publication of the Society for  Adolescent Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"64","pageEnd":"69","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2003.10.011","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81299830"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jadohealth.2003.10.011"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15661598"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q81299830"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/taking-a-basal-follicle-stimulating-hormone-history-is-essential-before-initiati-rece0vgrn2e9jubmm/","name":"Taking a basal follicle-stimulating hormone history is essential before  initiating in vitro fertilization","headline":"Taking a basal follicle-stimulating hormone history is essential before  initiating in vitro fertilization","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/taking-a-basal-follicle-stimulating-hormone-history-is-essential-before-initiati-rece0vgrn2e9jubmm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Steven D. Spandorfer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2539-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cornell University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sonya Kashyap","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3634-1953","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cornell University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sozos J Fasouliotis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cornell University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jeffrey E Roberts","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cornell University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zev Rosenwaks","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cornell University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87"}}],"datePublished":"2005-01-18","abstract":"Objective: To analyze IVF outcomes in patients with a history of one or more elevations in basal FSH who have a normal basal FSH at the start of their IVF cycle, compared with the general IVF population.\nDesign: Retrospective clinical study.\nSetting: University hospital. PATIENT(S): General IVF patient population. INTERVENTION(S): Patients received standard IVF gonadotropin protocols, oocyte retrieval, and embryo transfer. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Oocyte yield, fertilization, implantation, clinical pregnancy, and cancellation rate. RESULT(S): Oocyte yields were lower in patients with a history of elevated basal FSH, for all age groups, and showed an age-dependent decline in all patients. Over the age of 40 years, both implantation and clinical pregnancy rates were lower in these patients, with no significant difference observed in patients under the age of 40 years. No pregnancies were observed in patients with a history of three or more elevated FSH levels, regardless of age. CONCLUSION(S): A history of elevated basal FSH levels in patients under the age of 40 years predicts a lower oocyte yield in IVF cycles with normal basal FSH levels but does not translate to either lower pregnancy or implantation rates. Patients aged >40 years with prior elevations in basal FSH levels have both compromised ovarian response and compromised embryo quality relative to those with normal FSH levels, as illustrated by lower oocyte yield, higher cancellation rates, and lower implantation and pregnancy rates.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"83","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"37","pageEnd":"41","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.06.062","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50667141"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.06.062"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15652884"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50667141"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/new-low--and-high-tech-calendar-methods-of-family-planning-recrgrekxbgf2lppm/","name":"New low- and high-tech calendar methods of family planning","headline":"New low- and high-tech calendar methods of family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/new-low--and-high-tech-calendar-methods-of-family-planning-recrgrekxbgf2lppm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}}],"datePublished":"2005-01-08","abstract":"Calendar-based methods are not usually considered effective or useful methods of family planning among health professionals. However, new \"high-\" and \"low\"-tech calendar methods have been developed, which are easy to teach, to use, and may be useful in helping couples avoid pregnancy. The low-tech models are based on a fixed-day calendar system. The high-tech models are based on monitoring urinary metabolites of female reproductive hormones. Both systems have high levels of satisfaction. This article describes these new models of family planning and the research on their effectiveness. The author proposes a new algorithm for determining the fertile phase of the menstrual cycle for either achieving or avoiding pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"50","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health"}}},"pageStart":"31","pageEnd":"38","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmwh.2004.07.001","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36002213"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.jmwh.2004.07.001"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15637512"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36002213"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-contraception-and-use-of-family-planning-services-in-the-united-states-19-reciqowj7xsecbzv8/","name":"Use of contraception and use of family planning services in the United States:  1982-2002","headline":"Use of contraception and use of family planning services in the United States:  1982-2002","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-contraception-and-use-of-family-planning-services-in-the-united-states-19-reciqowj7xsecbzv8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mosher WD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Martinez GM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Abma JC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Willson SJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Chandra","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6502-7173","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Health Statistics","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03p15s250"}}],"datePublished":"2005-01-07","abstract":"Objective: This report presents national estimates of contraceptive use and method choice based on the 1982, 1995, and 2002 National Surveys of Family Growth (NSFG). It also presents data on where women obtained family planning and medical services, and some of the services that they received.\n\nMethods: Data were collected through in-person interviews with 12,571 men and women 15-44 years of age in the civilian noninstitutional population of the United States in 2002. This report is based on the sample of 7,643 women interviewed in 2002. The response rate for women in the study was about 80 percent.\n\nResults: The leading method of contraception in the United States in 2002 was the oral contraceptive pill, used by 11.6 million women; the second leading method was female sterilization, used by 10.3 million women. The condom was the third-leading method, used by about 9 million women and their partners. The condom is the leading method at first intercourse; the pill is the leading method among women under 30; and female sterilization is the leading method among women 35 and older. More than 98 percent of women 15-44 years of age who have ever had sexual intercourse with a male (referred to as \"sexually experienced women\") have used at least one contraceptive method. Over the 20 years from 1982 to 2002, the percent who had ever had a partner who used the male condom increased from 52 to 90 percent. The proportion who had ever had a partner who used withdrawal increased from 25 percent in 1982 to 56 percent in 2002. Another important measure of contraceptive use is use at the first premarital intercourse: before 1980, only 43 percent of women (or their partner) used a method of birth control at their first premarital intercourse. By 1999-2002, the proportion using a method at first premarital intercourse had risen to 79 percent.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Advance Data"},"pageStart":"1","pageEnd":"36","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2004-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2004-ebnlyb8l/","name":"DIR Jahrbuch 2004 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2004)","headline":"DIR Jahrbuch 2004 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2004)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2004-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2004-ebnlyb8l/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register e.V."}],"datePublished":"2005-01-01","abstract":"Annual report (Jahrbuch) of the Deutsches IVF-Register (DIR) for treatment year 2004. DIR is the German national IVF/ICSI registry, founded 1982 — the oldest continuously operating ART registry. Voluntary professional-society database with high de-facto coverage of German fertility centres. Reports cycles, transfers, pregnancies and clinical outcomes by treatment type (IVF, ICSI, frozen embryo transfer, donor). German-language registry document. Used as a Phase B historical-archive source for the ART Registry Comparison study (cross-registry classification by reporting completeness on 7 framework dimensions).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register Jahrbuch"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/causes-of-infertility-as-predictors-of-subsequent-cancer-risk-xjag5v5s/","name":"Causes of infertility as predictors of subsequent cancer risk","headline":"Causes of infertility as predictors of subsequent cancer risk","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/causes-of-infertility-as-predictors-of-subsequent-cancer-risk-xjag5v5s/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Louise A Brinton","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3853-8562","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Cancer Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carolyn Westhoff","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3622-8846","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NewYork–Presbyterian Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03gzbrs57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Scoccia B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lamb EJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"K S Moghissi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wayne State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01070mq45"}}],"datePublished":"2005-01-01","abstract":"Large retrospective cohort study investigating whether different causes of infertility (endometriosis, anovulation, tubal disease, male factor, cervical/uterine disorders) predict future cancer risk among 12,193 women who sought infertility treatment at five U.S. reproductive endocrinology practices between 1965 and 1988, with cancer incidence tracked through 1999.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Epidemiology"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ede.0000164812.02181.d5","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/01.ede.0000164812.02181.d5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15951668"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/single-dose-administration-of-an-aromatase-inhibitor-for-ovarian-stimulation-rec5awxdxtl7apoqb/","name":"Single-dose administration of an aromatase inhibitor for ovarian stimulation","headline":"Single-dose administration of an aromatase inhibitor for ovarian stimulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/single-dose-administration-of-an-aromatase-inhibitor-for-ovarian-stimulation-rec5awxdxtl7apoqb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mohamed F Mitwally","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, and The Samuel Lununfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert F Casper","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6249-462X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}}],"datePublished":"2005-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"83","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"229","pageEnd":"231","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.07.952","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54485262"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.07.952"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q54485262"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evidence-about-extending-the-duration-of-oral-contraceptive-use-to-suppress-mens-recopaaergyx5enh5/","name":"Evidence about extending the duration of oral contraceptive use to suppress  menstruation","headline":"Evidence about extending the duration of oral contraceptive use to suppress  menstruation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evidence-about-extending-the-duration-of-oral-contraceptive-use-to-suppress-mens-recopaaergyx5enh5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine L Hitchcock","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation Research, Division of Endocrinology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2004-12-14","abstract":"Introduction: For many years, individual women and doctors have experimented with extending the duration of active oral contraceptive (OC) pills between pill-free intervals (long OC) to control menstruation. The U.S. approval of an OC with 84 active days and 7 pill-free days in 2003 has attracted considerable media attention. In this review we consider the published evidence on the effectiveness, side effects, and risks of menstrual suppression with long OC.\n\nMethods: We performed a systematic review of published literature on long OC, up to April 2003.\n\nResults: Ten papers were located; two were randomized trials comparing long OC to standard OC; the remaining studies were single-group observational studies. Women on long OC schedules had fewer days of scheduled bleeding during days without pills but more days of unscheduled bleeding and spotting than those on standard OC. These problems were worse for women new to OC and diminished over time. Women on long OC were more likely to discontinue due to poor control of bleeding; women on standard OC were more likely to stop because of problems with headaches. Women on long OC and standard OC both showed increases in physiological factors related to clotting, with a nonsignificant tendency for those on long OC to be more affected. No studies considered the effects of long OC on breast tissue, breast density, endometrial safety, or adolescent maturation and reproductive development. No systematic data were available on the return to reproductive function and fertility after taking long OC. There were no placebo-controlled trials and no information on how long OC compares to normal, unmedicated menstrual cycles. Therefore we believe scientific evidence for safety of long OC use is presently lacking.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Women's Health Issues : Official Publication of the Jacobs Institute of Women's  Health"}}},"pageStart":"201","pageEnd":"211","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.whi.2004.08.005","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35979358"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.whi.2004.08.005"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15589770"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35979358"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/neuroendocrinology-of-nutritional-infertility-zyzklwti/","name":"Neuroendocrinology of nutritional infertility","headline":"Neuroendocrinology of nutritional infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/neuroendocrinology-of-nutritional-infertility-zyzklwti/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Wade GN"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jones JE"}],"datePublished":"2004-12-01","abstract":"Natural selection has linked the physiological controls of energy balance and fertility such that reproduction is deferred during lean times, particularly in female mammals. In this way, an energetically costly process is confined to periods when sufficient food is available to support pregnancy and lactation. Even in the face of abundance, nutritional infertility ensues if energy intake fails to keep pace with expenditure. A working hypothesis is proposed in which any activity or condition that limits the availability of oxidizable fuels (e.g., undereating, excessive energy expenditure, diabetes mellitus) can inhibit both gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)/luteinizing hormone secretion and female copulatory behaviors. Decreases in metabolic fuel availability appear to be detected by cells in the caudal hindbrain. Hindbrain neurons producing neuropeptide Y (NPY) and catecholamines (CA) then project to the forebrain where they contact GnRH neurons both directly and also indirectly via corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) neurons to inhibit GnRH secretion. In the case of estrous behavior, the best available evidence suggests that the inhibitory NPY/CA system acts primarily via CRH or urocortin projections to various forebrain loci that control sexual receptivity. Disruption of these signaling processes allows normal reproduction to proceed in the face of energetic deficits, indicating that the circuitry responds to energy deficits and that no signal is necessary to indicate that there is an adequate energy supply. While there is a large body of evidence to support this hypothesis, the data do not exclude nutritional inhibition of reproduction by other pathways and processes, and the full story will undoubtedly be more complex than this.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"287","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology"}}},"pageStart":"R1277-96","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00475.2004","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35940430"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1152/ajpregu.00475.2004"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15528398"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35940430"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-recdgctqt1gpeon08/","name":"Endometriosis","headline":"Endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-recdgctqt1gpeon08/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Linda C Giudice","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1677-0822","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lee C Kao"}],"datePublished":"2004-11-16","abstract":"Endometriosis is an oestrogen-dependent disorder that can result in substantial morbidity, including pelvic pain, multiple operations, and infertility. New findings on the genetics, the possible roles of the environment and the immune system, and intrinsic abnormalities in the endometrium of affected women and secreted products of endometriotic lesions have given insight into the pathogenesis of this disorder and serve as the background for new treatments for disease-associated pain and infertility. Affected women are at higher risk than the general female population of developing ovarian cancer, and they also may be at increased risk of breast and other cancers as well as autoimmune and atopic disorders. Clinicians should assess and follow up affected women for these and other associated disorders. There will probably be a new repertoire of approaches for treatment and perhaps cure of this enigmatic disorder in the near future.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"364","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9447","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Lancet (London, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1789","pageEnd":"1799","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(04)17403-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55951108"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/S0140-6736(04)17403-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15541453"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q55951108"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-family-history-of-fracture-and-fracture-risk-a-meta-analysis-rec9veeeuuynqgywt/","name":"A family history of fracture and fracture risk: a meta-analysis","headline":"A family history of fracture and fracture risk: a meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-family-history-of-fracture-and-fracture-risk-a-meta-analysis-rec9veeeuuynqgywt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"John A Kanis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3607-8016","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Metabolic Bone Diseases (WHO Collaborating Centre), University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, UK. w.j.pontefract@sheffield.ac.uk","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05krs5044"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John А. Kanis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3129-4326","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Sheffield","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05krs5044"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Helena Johansson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5519-0401","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"WHO Collaborating Centre for Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Sheffield, UK; Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (CBAR) at the Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Medicine, University of Got..."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chris de Laet","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1951-2079","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Erasmus MC","sameAs":"https://ror.org/018906e22"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John A Eisman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0323-3366","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Vincent's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/001kjn539"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eugene McCloskey","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0177-8140","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Mellanby Centre for Bone Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Mellstrom","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2761-3723","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Gothenburg","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01tm6cn81"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Joseph Melton","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"WinnMed","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02s47w807"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Melton LJ rd"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Huibert AP Pols","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Reeve","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4364-2682","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Strangeway's Research Laboratory, Wort's Causeway, Cambridge, United Kingdom","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01qat3289"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A J Silman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8426-8925","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Manchester","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alan Tenenhouse","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"and the CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"O Johnell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Lund University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012a77v79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Oden","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3510-0709","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sahlgrenska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vgqjj36"}}],"datePublished":"2004-11-16","abstract":"The aims of the present study were to determine whether a parental history of any fracture or hip fracture specifically are significant risk factors for future fracture in an international setting, and to explore the effects of age, sex and bone mineral density (BMD) on this risk. We studied 34,928 men and women from seven prospectively studied cohorts followed for 134,374 person-years. The cohorts comprised the EPOS/EVOS study, CaMos, the Rotterdam Study, DOES and cohorts at Sheffield, Rochester and Gothenburg. The effect of family history of osteoporotic fracture or of hip fracture in first-degree relatives, BMD and age on all clinical fracture, osteoporotic fracture and hip fracture risk alone was examined using Poisson regression in each cohort and for each sex. The results of the different studies were merged from the weighted beta coefficients. A parental history of fracture was associated with a modest but significantly increased risk of any fracture, osteoporotic fracture and hip fracture in men and women combined. The risk ratio (RR) for any fracture was 1.17 (95% CI=1.07-1.28), for any osteoporotic fracture was 1.18 (95% CI=1.06-1.31), and for hip fracture was 1.49 (95% CI=1.17-1.89). The risk ratio was higher at younger ages but not significantly so. No significant difference in risk was seen between men and women with a parental history for any fracture (RR=1.17 and 1.17, respectively) or for an osteoporotic fracture (RR=1.17 and 1.18, respectively). For hip fracture, the risk ratios were somewhat higher, but not significantly higher, in men than in women (RR=2.02 and 1.38, respectively). A family history of hip fracture in parents was associated with a significant risk both of all osteoporotic fracture (RR 1.54; 95CI=1.25-1.88) and of hip fracture (RR=2.27; 95% CI=1.47-3.49). The risk was not significantly changed when BMD was added to the model. We conclude that a parental history of fracture (particularly a family history of hip fracture) confers an increased risk of fracture that is independent of BMD. Its identification on an international basis supports the use of this risk factor in case-finding strategies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"35","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Bone"}}},"pageStart":"1029","pageEnd":"1037","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2004.06.017","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40468395"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.bone.2004.06.017"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15542027"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40468395"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vitamin-d2-is-much-less-effective-than-vitamin-d3-in-humans-recdcamr9yjapxxgb/","name":"Vitamin D2 is much less effective than vitamin D3 in humans","headline":"Vitamin D2 is much less effective than vitamin D3 in humans","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vitamin-d2-is-much-less-effective-than-vitamin-d3-in-humans-recdcamr9yjapxxgb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Armas LA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bruce W Hollis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2588-5568","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical University of South Carolina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012jban78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laura A G Armas","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4906-182X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Creighton University, 601 North 30th Street, Suite 4841, Omaha, Nebraska 68131, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert P Heaney","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"GrassrootsHealth","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00d68nb44"}}],"datePublished":"2004-11-09","abstract":"Vitamins D(2) and D(3) are generally considered to be equivalent in humans. Nevertheless, physicians commonly report equivocal responses to seemingly large doses of the only high-dose calciferol (vitamin D(2)) available in the U.S. market. The relative potencies of vitamins D(2) and D(3) were evaluated by administering single doses of 50,000 IU of the respective calciferols to 20 healthy male volunteers, following the time course of serum vitamin D and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) over a period of 28 d and measuring the area under the curve of the rise in 25OHD above baseline. The two calciferols produced similar rises in serum concentration of the administered vitamin, indicating equivalent absorption. Both produced similar initial rises in serum 25OHD over the first 3 d, but 25OHD continued to rise in the D(3)-treated subjects, peaking at 14 d, whereas serum 25OHD fell rapidly in the D(2)-treated subjects and was not different from baseline at 14 d. Area under the curve (AUC) to d 28 was 60.2 ng.d/ml (150.5 nmol.d/liter) for vitamin D(2) and 204.7 (511.8) for vitamin D(3) (P < 0.002). Calculated AUC(infinity) indicated an even greater differential, with the relative potencies for D(3):D(2) being 9.5:1. Vitamin D(2) potency is less than one third that of vitamin D(3). Physicians resorting to use of vitamin D(2) should be aware of its markedly lower potency and shorter duration of action relative to vitamin D(3).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"89","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"5387","pageEnd":"5391","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2004-0360","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34365889"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jc.2004-0360"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15531486"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34365889"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-factors-associated-with-incident-clinical-vertebral-and-nonvertebral-fractu-recsi67yhlmmfxcsr/","name":"Risk factors associated with incident clinical vertebral and nonvertebral  fractures in postmenopausal women: the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study  (CaMos)","headline":"Risk factors associated with incident clinical vertebral and nonvertebral  fractures in postmenopausal women: the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study  (CaMos)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-factors-associated-with-incident-clinical-vertebral-and-nonvertebral-fractu-recsi67yhlmmfxcsr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"G Ioannidis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6956-5737","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudie Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5499-2661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tassos Anastassiades","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5805-0364","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert G Josse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-6264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan Kirkland","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8182-2369","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W P Olszynski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2834-8645","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Saskatchewan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Pickard","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Joseph's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02cmyty27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kerry Siminoski","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging & Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandra Papaioannou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9412-0932","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Hanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W M Hopman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3162-8754","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kingston General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03zq81960"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1406-4251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lawrence Joseph","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3321-0587","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Timothy M Murray","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7060-980X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}}],"datePublished":"2004-11-02","abstract":"Utilizing data from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos), we examined the association between potential risk factors and incident vertebral and nonvertebral fractures. A total of 5,143 postmenopausal women were enrolled. Information collected during the study included data from the CaMos baseline and annually mailed fracture questionnaires, the Short Form 36 (SF-36), the Health Utilities Index, and physical measurements. Participants were followed for 3 years. Postmenopausal women were classified into four groups according to their incident fracture status since baseline: those without a new fracture; those with a new clinically recognized vertebral fracture; those with an incident nonvertebral fracture at the wrist, hip, humerus, pelvis, or ribs (main nonvertebral fracture group); and those with any new nonvertebral fracture (any-nonvertebral-fracture group). We performed multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis using all possible risk factors to determine the association between risk factors and the time to the first minimal trauma fracture. Best predictive models were also determined using variables that were included in the full models. The Bayesian information criterion was used for model selection. For all analyses, relative risks and associated 95% confidence intervals were calculated. During the follow-up period, 34, 163, and 280 women developed a vertebral, a main nonvertebral, or any nonvertebral fracture, respectively. The best predictive models indicated that a five point lower quality of life as measured by the SF-36 physical component summary score was associated with relative risks of 1.21 (95% CI, 1.02 to 1.44), 1.17 (95% CI, 1.07 to 1.28), and 1.19 (95% CI, 1.11 to 1.27) for incident vertebral, main nonvertebral, and all nonvertebral fractures, respectively. In addition, for a one standard deviation (SD=0.12) lower femoral neck BMD, the relative risks for incident vertebral, main nonvertebral, and any nonvertebral fractures increased by 2.73 (95% CI, 1.74 to 4.28), 1.39 (95% CI, 1.06 to 1.82), and 1.34 (95% CI, 1.09 to 1.65), respectively. Furthermore, various anthropometric measures, disease conditions, and medications are associated with a new fracture. Identifying postmenopausal women at risk is important given that fracture prevention therapies are now available.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Osteoporosis International : a Journal Established As Result of Cooperation  Between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis  Foundation of the USA"}}},"pageStart":"568","pageEnd":"578","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-004-1735-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57777486"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00198-004-1735-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15517191"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q57777486"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-awareness-based-methods-for-contraception-recxdol19oabloq7m/","name":"Fertility awareness-based methods for contraception","headline":"Fertility awareness-based methods for contraception","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-awareness-based-methods-for-contraception-recxdol19oabloq7m/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Grimes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2115-1866","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria F Gallo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8004-0544","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042twtr12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vera Halpern","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9791-2222","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Family Health International 360","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007kp6q87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Nanda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2770-6883","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"FHI; Clinical Sciences; P.O. Box 13950 Research Triangle Park North Carolina USA 27709"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kenneth F Schulz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2596-7616","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Research Triangle Park Foundation","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03eqttr49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laureen M Lopez","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Family Health International 360","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007kp6q87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"V Grigorieva"}],"datePublished":"2004-10-21","abstract":"Background: \"Fertility awareness-based methods\" (FAB) of family planning \"involve identification of the fertile days of the menstrual cycle, whether by observing fertility signs such as cervical secretions and basal body temperature, or by monitoring cycle days. FAB methods can be used in combination with abstinence or barrier methods during the fertile time\" (WHO 2000). Several names have been used to describe this approach to contraception, including \"rhythm,\" \"natural family planning\" and \"periodic abstinence.\" Fertility awareness-based methods can be used with abstinence from sexual intercourse. Alternatively, they can be used with barrier contraceptives or withdrawal during presumed fertile times.\n\nObjectives: We retrieved and analyzed all randomized controlled trials that examined any fertility awareness-based methods used for contraception. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the computerized databases Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, POPLINE, EMBASE, and LILACS (each from its inception to January, 2004) for randomized controlled trials of fertility awareness-based methods. We examined the reference list of each trial as well as that of review articles.\nSelection Criteria: We included all randomized controlled trials in any language that compared any fertility awareness-based methods for contraception with a placebo; another method, including an alternative fertility awareness-based method; or fertility awareness-based methods used in conjunction with another contraceptive. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We assessed all titles and abstracts found for inclusion. We evaluated the methodological quality of the trials for potential biases by qualitatively assessing the study design; randomization method; allocation concealment; blinding; premature discontinuation rates; and loss to follow-up rates. Because of methodological weaknesses, we could not enter the trial results in RevMan, calculate measures of association, or aggregate data.\n\nMAIN Results: Because of poor methods and reporting, pregnancy rates could not be determined. A trial in Colombia found similar numbers of pregnancies among women randomized to the ovulation and symptothermal methods. In contrast, a companion trial in Los Angeles observed more pregnancies in the group assigned to the ovulation method. In the two U.S. trials, recruitment of participants was unexpectedly difficult; this aspect was not mentioned in the report from Colombia. Continuation rates were poor. In the two larger trials, most participants discontinued their assigned method before entering the observation phase of the trial. REVIEWERS'\n\nConclusions: The comparative efficacy of fertility awareness-based methods of contraception remains unknown. Despite intensive training and ongoing support, most participants in these trials discontinued prematurely. Contraceptive methods should be properly evaluated, preferably in randomized controlled trials, before adoption and dissemination.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2004","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"}}},"pageStart":"CD004860","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD004860.pub2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24245867"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/14651858.CD004860.pub2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15495128"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q24245867"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-of-the-new-twoday-method-of-family-planning-recjbzyeibuuzijjh/","name":"Efficacy of the new TwoDay Method of family planning","headline":"Efficacy of the new TwoDay Method of family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-of-the-new-twoday-method-of-family-planning-recjbzyeibuuzijjh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marcos Arévalo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5877-4824","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Victoria Jennings","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9447-4260","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Irit Sinai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2445-7577","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute for Reproductive Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00jt1e157"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Minna Nikula","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}}],"datePublished":"2004-10-16","abstract":"Objective: To test the efficacy of the TwoDay Method, a new fertility awareness-based method of family planning that provides women with simple instructions to identify the days each cycle when they are most likely to become pregnant. Users avoid unprotected intercourse on days when cervical secretions are present on that day or on the day before, to prevent pregnancy.\nDesign: Prospective, nonrandomized, multicenter study.\nSetting: Five culturally diverse sites in Guatemala, Peru, and the Philippines. PATIENT(S): Four hundred fifty women, aged 18-39 years, wishing to use a fertility awareness-based method to prevent or delay pregnancy. INTERVENTION(S): Study participants were followed for up to 13 cycles of method use. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Life table pregnancy rate. RESULT(S): The first-year pregnancy rate was 3.5 (pregnancies per 100 women/years) with correct use of the method (pregnancies and cycles with no intercourse on identified fertile days), 6.3 with use of a backup method on the fertile days, and 13.7 including all cycles and all pregnancies in the analysis. CONCLUSION(S): The TwoDay Method offers a valuable addition to the services that reproductive health and other programs can offer. Its efficacy compares well with that of other coitus-dependent family-planning methods; it is easy to teach, learn, and use; and it can address the need of women for simple, accurate instructions for identifying their fertile days.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"82","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"885","pageEnd":"892","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.03.040","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39697635"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.03.040"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15482764"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39697635"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-onset-of-the-initial-rise-in-follicle-stimulating-hormone-during-the-human-m-recbo4lk39x2gcxtl/","name":"The onset of the initial rise in follicle-stimulating hormone during the human  menstrual cycle","headline":"The onset of the initial rise in follicle-stimulating hormone during the human  menstrual cycle","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-onset-of-the-initial-rise-in-follicle-stimulating-hormone-during-the-human-m-recbo4lk39x2gcxtl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Laurence Aspinall","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Unilever (United Kingdom)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05n8ah907"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Miro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4625-1430","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Unipath Limited, Priory Business Park (FM), Bedford, MK44 3UP, UK. fernando.miro@unipath.com"}}],"datePublished":"2004-10-09","abstract":"Background: The rise in FSH (FSHr) that leads to the recruitment of a cohort of follicles during the menstrual cycle occurs during the luteal-follicular transition, however, it is unclear whether it consistently occurs on one particular day, or is subjected to reproductive ageing.\n\nMethods: We determined the FSHr in 836 complete menstrual cycles from 102 women with regular menses using an algorithm, and additionally compared the relative variation in FSH during the last 14 days of the cycle. Possible effects of reproductive ageing on the onset of FSHr were also investigated.\n\nResults: The day of FSHr follows a normal distribution with a median value of -4 (relative to first day of menses), mean -4.1 and SD 2.1. Analysis of the relative changes in FSH during the last 14 days of the cycle revealed the first significant rise on day -4 (P=0.0033), coinciding with the first significant drop in estrogens (P=0.0002). No effect of chronological age, or initial FSH levels, on FSHr was found, however, there was an inverse relationship between total follicular phase length (from day of FSHr to LH peak) and initial FSH levels (P<0.0001).\n\nConclusions: The initial FSH rise in the cycle occurs consistently 4 days before menses, is related to a drop in estrogen levels, and is not affected by reproductive ageing.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"20","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"96","pageEnd":"100","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deh551","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45096320"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/deh551"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15471927"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q45096320"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevalence-of-depressive-and-anxiety-disorders-in-an-assisted-reproductive-techn-recsgboda9yuctf9v/","name":"Prevalence of depressive and anxiety disorders in an assisted reproductive technique clinic","headline":"Prevalence of depressive and anxiety disorders in an assisted reproductive technique clinic","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevalence-of-depressive-and-anxiety-disorders-in-an-assisted-reproductive-techn-recsgboda9yuctf9v/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Chen TH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chang SP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tsai CF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Juang KD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sheng-Ping Chang"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ting-Hsiu Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1685-3147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tri-Service General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007h4qe29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kai-Dih Juang"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chia-Fen Tsai"}],"datePublished":"2004-10-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Little is known about the prevalence of specific depressive and anxiety disorders in women before a new course of assisted reproductive technology treatment. Few studies have adopted the proper psychiatric diagnostic procedures.\nMETHODS: All consecutive women visiting the assisted reproduction clinic of a university-affiliated medical centre, with the intention of starting a new assisted reproduction treatment course, were recruited. A psychiatrist made a diagnosis of psychiatric disorders using a structured interview, the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI).\nRESULTS: Of a total of 112 participants, 40.2% had a psychiatric disorder. The most common diagnosis was generalized anxiety disorder (23.2%), followed by major depressive disorder (17.0%), and dysthymic disorder (9.8%). Participants with a psychiatric morbidity did not differ from those without in terms of age, education, income, or years of infertility. Women with a history of previous assisted reproduction treatment did not differ from those without in depression or anxiety.\nCONCLUSIONS: Depressive and anxiety disorders were highly prevalent among women who visited an assisted reproduction clinic for a new course of the treatment. Demographic features and a history of previous assisted reproduction treatment were not risk factors for these psychiatric morbidities in the assisted reproduction clinic.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"2313","pageEnd":"2318","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deh414","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80310446"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/deh414"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15242992"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q80310446"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-safety-of-ondansetron-for-nausea-and-vomiting-of-pregnancy-a-prospective-com-cfdsum6r/","name":"The safety of ondansetron for nausea and vomiting of pregnancy: a prospective comparative study","headline":"The safety of ondansetron for nausea and vomiting of pregnancy: a prospective comparative study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-safety-of-ondansetron-for-nausea-and-vomiting-of-pregnancy-a-prospective-com-cfdsum6r/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Einarson A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maltepe C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Navioz Y"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kennedy D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tan MP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Koren","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2275-0713"}],"datePublished":"2004-09-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: Ondansetron (Zofran) is a drug used for the treatment of nausea and vomiting caused by cancer chemotherapy. Despite the fact that it is not indicated, women are being prescribed this drug for the treatment of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP). There is a paucity of information on fetal safety for this indication. The objective of this study is to determine whether this drug increases the baseline rate of major malformations.\n\nDESIGN: A prospective comparative observational study.\n\nSETTING: Teratogen Information Services (TIS).\n\nPOPULATION: Pregnant women.\n\nMETHODS: Our three groups included women who were exposed to ondansetron and women exposed to (1) other anti-emetics and (2) non-teratogen exposures. All of the women called either our NVP Helpline or TIS at The Motherisk Program in Toronto, Canada, or The Mothersafe Program in Sydney, Australia.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Rates of major malformation.\n\nRESULTS: We have completed 176 pregnancy outcomes in each group. In the ondansetron cohort, there were 169 live births, 5 miscarriages, 2 therapeutic abortions, 6 (3.6%) major malformations and the mean birthweight was 3362 g [SD 525]. There were no statistical differences in any of the study endpoints between the ondansetron and the comparison groups.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: This drug does not appear (although the sample size is limited) to be associated with an increased risk for major malformations above baseline.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"111","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"940","pageEnd":"3","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2004.00236.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45029089"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1471-0528.2004.00236.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15327608"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q45029089"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/stability-of-normative-data-for-the-sf-36-results-of-a-three-year-prospective-st-rec1jpcc3nkx9xjhc/","name":"Stability of normative data for the SF-36: results of a three-year prospective study in middle-aged Canadians","headline":"Stability of normative data for the SF-36: results of a three-year prospective study in middle-aged Canadians","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/stability-of-normative-data-for-the-sf-36-results-of-a-three-year-prospective-st-rec1jpcc3nkx9xjhc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hopman WM, Berger C, Joseph L, Towheed T, vandenKerkhof E, Anastassiades T, Cranney A, Adachi JD, Loannidis G, Poliquin S, Brown JP, Murray TM, Hanley DA, Papadimitropoulos EA, Tenenhouse A and the CaMos Research Group."}],"datePublished":"2004-09-01","abstract":"Background: The SF-36 is widely used to assess health-related quality of life (HRQOL), but with few longitudinal studies in healthy populations, it is difficult to quantify its natural history. This is important because any measure of change following an intervention may be confounded by natural changes in HRQOL. This paper assesses mean changes in SF-36 scores over a 3-year period in men and women between the ages of 40 and 59 years at baseline.\n\nMethods: Subjects were randomly selected from nine Canadian cities. Mean SF-36 changes over a 3-year period (1996/1997-1999/2000) were calculated for each gender within 5-year age categories. Multiple imputation was used to correct for potential bias due to missing data.\n\nResults: The baseline cohort included 1,974 women and 975 men between 40 and 59 years. Mean changes in HRQOL tended to be small. Women demonstrated small average declines in 22 of the 32 age and domain groupings (4 age groups, 8 SF-36 domains) while men showed declines in 14/32. Most participants stayed within 10 points of their original baseline score.\n\nInterpretation: Mean SF-36 scores change only slightly over three years in middle-aged Canadians, although there is much individual variation. It may be necessary to adjust for the natural evolution of SF-36 scores when interpreting results from longitudinal studies. Contexte: Le SF-36 est un court questionnaire très utilisé pour évaluer la qualité de vie liée à la santé (HRQOL). Toutefois, vu le petit nombre d’études longitudinales menées auprès de populations en bonne santé, il est difficile d’évaluer l’histoire naturelle du SF-36, ce qui est important parce que tout changement noté résultant d’une intervention peut être confondu avec des changements normaux de la qualité de vie liée à la santé. Cet article évalue les changements moyens dans les scores des SF-36 sur une période de trois ans chez les hommes et les femmes qui étaient âgés de 40 à 59 ans lors de leur visite initiale. Méthode: Les sujets ont été choisis au hasard dans neuf villes canadiennes. Les changements moyens dans les résultats du SF-36 sur une période de trois ans (1996–1997 à 1999–2000) ont été calculés par sexe et par groupe d’âge de cinq ans. L’imputation multiple a été utilisée pour corriger tout biais résultant d’informations manquantes. Résultats: La cohorte initiale comportait 1 974 femmes et 975 hommes âgés de 40 à 59 ans. Les changements moyens étaient plutôt légers. Chez les femmes, 22 des 32 groupes d’âge et sous-échelles (quatre groupes d’âge, huit sous-échelles SF-36) présentaient de légères diminutions moyennes, alors que chez les hommes, ce nombre était de 14 groupes sur 32. Le score de la plupart des participants est demeuré en deçà de 10 points du score initial lors de l’entrée dans l’étude. Interprétation: Les scores moyens du SF-36 ne changent que légèrement sur une période de trois ans dans la population canadienne d’âge moyen. Toutefois, il pourrait s’avérer nécessaire de tenir compte de l’évolution naturelle des scores du SF-36 lors de l’interprétation des résultats d’études longitudinales.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"95","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Can J Public Health"}}},"pageStart":"387","pageEnd":"391","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03405153","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30970821"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/BF03405153"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15490932"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q30970821"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-meta-analysis-of-previous-fracture-and-subsequent-fracture-risk-rechc6uqkvepznvpy/","name":"A meta-analysis of previous fracture and subsequent fracture risk","headline":"A meta-analysis of previous fracture and subsequent fracture risk","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-meta-analysis-of-previous-fracture-and-subsequent-fracture-risk-rechc6uqkvepznvpy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"John A Kanis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3607-8016","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Metabolic Bone Diseases (WHO Collaborating Centre), University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, UK. w.j.pontefract@sheffield.ac.uk","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05krs5044"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chris de Laet","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1951-2079","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Erasmus MC","sameAs":"https://ror.org/018906e22"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Helena Johansson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5519-0401","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"WHO Collaborating Centre for Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Sheffield, UK; Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (CBAR) at the Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Medicine, University of Got..."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Saeko Fujiwara","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0114-5266","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Radiation Effects Research Foundation","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01fmtas32"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Garnero","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0939-5099","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Edouard Herriot","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qt1p572"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Heikki Kröger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4245-8186","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kuopio University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fqdfs68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eugene McCloskey","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0177-8140","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Mellanby Centre for Bone Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Mellstrom","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2761-3723","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Gothenburg","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01tm6cn81"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Joseph Melton","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"WinnMed","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02s47w807"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Huibert A. P. Pols","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Erasmus University Rotterdam","sameAs":"https://ror.org/057w15z03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Reeve","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4364-2682","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Strangeway's Research Laboratory, Wort's Causeway, Cambridge, United Kingdom","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01qat3289"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alan Tenenhouse","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"and the CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Delmas","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John A Eisman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0323-3366","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Vincent's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/001kjn539"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"O Johnell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Lund University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012a77v79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Oden","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3510-0709","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sahlgrenska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vgqjj36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A J Silman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8426-8925","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Manchester","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27"}}],"datePublished":"2004-07-23","abstract":"Previous fracture is a well-documented risk factor for future fracture. The aim of this study was to quantify this risk on an international basis and to explore the relationship of this risk with age, sex, and bone mineral density (BMD). We studied 15259 men and 44902 women from 11 cohorts comprising EVOS/EPOS, OFELY, CaMos, Rochester, Sheffield, Rotterdam, Kuopio, DOES, Hiroshima, and two cohorts from Gothenburg. Cohorts were followed for a total of 250000 person-years. The effect of a prior history of fracture on the risk of any fracture, any osteoporotic fracture, and hip fracture alone was examined using a Poisson model for each sex from each cohort. Covariates examined were age, sex, and BMD. The results of the different studies were merged by using the weighted beta-coefficients. A previous fracture history was associated with a significantly increased risk of any fracture compared with individuals without a prior fracture (RR = 1.86; 95% CI = 1.75-1.98). The risk ratio was similar for the outcome of osteoporotic fracture or for hip fracture. There was no significant difference in risk ratio between men and women. Risk ratio (RR) was marginally downward adjusted when account was taken of BMD. Low BMD explained a minority of the risk for any fracture (8%) and for hip fracture (22%). The risk ratio was stable with age except in the case of hip fracture outcome where the risk ratio decreased significantly with age. We conclude that previous history of fracture confers an increased risk of fracture of substantial importance beyond that explained by measurement of BMD. Its validation on an international basis permits the use of this risk factor in case finding strategies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"35","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Bone"}}},"pageStart":"375","pageEnd":"382","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2004.03.024","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40494142"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.bone.2004.03.024"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15268886"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40494142"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/selenium-in-pregnancy-is-selenium-an-active-defective-ion-against-environmental--rec84byep0wmvbbmv/","name":"Selenium in pregnancy: is selenium an active defective ion against environmental chemical stress?","headline":"Selenium in pregnancy: is selenium an active defective ion against environmental chemical stress?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/selenium-in-pregnancy-is-selenium-an-active-defective-ion-against-environmental--rec84byep0wmvbbmv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"P Kröger"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Pasanen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2557-9034","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Finnish Medicines Agency Fimea","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mjpp490"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Seppänen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9080-9916","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Eastern Finland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cyydd11"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Juravskaja"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Kantola","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kuopio University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fqdfs68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Purkunen"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Saarikoski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6349-8016","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kuopio University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fqdfs68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Tooming","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Lääne-Viru College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01c9ma830"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Vartiainen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Eastern Finland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cyydd11"}}],"datePublished":"2004-07-21","abstract":"Furthermore, direct questioning and a scrutiny of records of these patients showed that before the full development of the signs of toxaemia—that is, oedema, hypertension, and albuminuria—most had earlier in the pregnancy experienced a symptomatic stage characterized by relatively minor afflictions—for example, lethargy 43%, headache 48%, visual aura 37%, vertigo 29%, nausea and vomiting 16%, irritability 14%, depression 9%, and backache 6%. In fact, only 7% disclosed freedom from these symptoms during a toxaemic pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"96","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environmental Research"}}},"pageStart":"51","pageEnd":"61","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2004.03.003","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80355930"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.envres.2004.03.003"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15261784"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q80355930"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-presence-of-the-antigliadin-antibodies-in-autoimmune-thyroid-diseases-rec6ajscyodrs0gpn/","name":"The presence of the antigliadin antibodies in autoimmune thyroid diseases","headline":"The presence of the antigliadin antibodies in autoimmune thyroid diseases","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-presence-of-the-antigliadin-antibodies-in-autoimmune-thyroid-diseases-rec6ajscyodrs0gpn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Akçay MN"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Akçay G"}],"datePublished":"2004-07-13","abstract":"AIMS: To investigate the presence of the antigliadin antibodies in the patients with Graves' disease and Hashimoto's thyroiditis.\n\nMETHODOLOGY: Four hundred patients with autoimmune thyroid disease (280 Graves' disease and 120 Hashimoto's thyroiditis ) were included in the study. The patients with celiac sprue patients were excluded. For the diagnosis of autoimmune thyroiditis, blood levels of thyrotropin (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), and the titration of thyroid autoantibodies (TgAb and TmAb) were measured, and the thyroid gland was ultrasonographycally evaluated. After the diagnosis of autoimmune thyroid disease was established, the titration of antigliadin antibodies (Ig A and B) were routinely detected.\n\nRESULTS: Twenty two patients (5.5 per cent) with autoimmune thyroiditis had positive antigliadin antibodies. Polyglandular endocrine syndrome was diagnosed in most of these patients.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: We claim that polyglandular endocrine syndrome is the commonest cause of positivity of antigliadin antibodies in the patients with autoimmune thyroid disease.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"50 Suppl 2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Hepato-gastroenterology"}},"pageStart":"cclxxix-cclxxx","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/von-willebrand-disease-in-women-with-menorrhagia-a-systematic-review-1iiz4u87/","name":"von Willebrand disease in women with menorrhagia: a systematic review","headline":"von Willebrand disease in women with menorrhagia: a systematic review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/von-willebrand-disease-in-women-with-menorrhagia-a-systematic-review-1iiz4u87/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Shankar M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lee CA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sabin CA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Economides DL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kadir RA"}],"datePublished":"2004-07-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of von Willebrand disease in women presenting with menorrhagia.\n\nDESIGN: Systematic review of studies evaluating the prevalence of von Willebrand disease in women with menorrhagia.\n\nSETTING: Hospital outpatient clinics (mainly gynaecological) and population surveys.\n\nPOPULATION: Women presenting with menorrhagia.\n\nMETHODS: Relevant studies were extracted from MEDLINE search, bibliographies of identified articles and published proceedings of meetings and conferences.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Number of women with von Willebrand disease.\n\nRESULTS: Eleven studies were included, totalling 988 women with menorrhagia. One hundred and thirty-one women were diagnosed to have von Willebrand disease with prevalences in individual studies ranging from 5% to 24%. The overall prevalence was 13% (95% CI 11-15.6%). The prevalence was higher in the European studies-18% (95% CI 15-23%) compared with that in North American studies-10% (95% CI 7.5-13%). This difference (P= 0.007) is likely to be the result of differences in the studies, which include method of recruitment of study population, method of assessing menstrual blood loss ethnic composition of study population, criteria for diagnosis and use of race- and ABO blood group-specific values for von Willebrand factor.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of von Willebrand disease is increased in women with menorrhagia and is the underlying cause in a small but significant group of women with menorrhagia across the world. Testing for this disorder should be considered when investigating women with menorrhagia, especially those of Caucasian origin, those with no obvious pelvic pathology or with additional bleeding symptoms.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"111","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"734","pageEnd":"40","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2004.00176.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35805995"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1471-0528.2004.00176.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15198765"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35805995"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/proactive-management-of-menstrual-cycle-abnormalities-in-young-women-recwf0udygdmcdrm2/","name":"Proactive management of menstrual cycle abnormalities in young women","headline":"Proactive management of menstrual cycle abnormalities in young women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/proactive-management-of-menstrual-cycle-abnormalities-in-young-women-recwf0udygdmcdrm2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Lee Barron","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4719-3420","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}}],"datePublished":"2004-06-25","abstract":"The goal of an integrative science of women's health is bringing together childbearing with women's health during the lifespan. Enhancing a woman's ability to conceive and maintain a pregnancy is influenced by decisions made well before the beginning of a pregnancy. Identifying ovulatory disorders makes it possible to intervene early in a young woman's childbearing years. Gynecologic charting typically used in natural family planning provides information to the woman and to the healthcare provider that is useful for diagnosis. If young women have a better understanding of fertility and menstrual cycle function, they are in a stronger position to make informed decisions about how they wish to manage their reproductive and sexual health. It may be possible to educate the young woman in health habits that will lead to a healthy pregnancy when she chooses and/or to treat the cause of the ovulatory disorder. This article focuses on polycystic ovary syndrome and hypothalamic dysfunction which can cause menstrual cycle abnormalities in which gynecologic charting is useful in young women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing"}}},"pageStart":"81","pageEnd":"92","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/00005237-200404000-00003","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35815431"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/00005237-200404000-00003"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15214247"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35815431"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-placebo-controlled-double-blind-randomized-trial-of-the-use-of-combined-l-carn-rec9dkvc0spuimizw/","name":"A placebo-controlled double-blind randomized trial of the use of combined l-carnitine and l-acetyl-carnitine treatment in men with asthenozoospermia","headline":"A placebo-controlled double-blind randomized trial of the use of combined l-carnitine and l-acetyl-carnitine treatment in men with asthenozoospermia","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-placebo-controlled-double-blind-randomized-trial-of-the-use-of-combined-l-carn-rec9dkvc0spuimizw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrea Lenzi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7711-0465","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Policlinico Umberto I","sameAs":"https://ror.org/011cabk38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paolo Sgrò","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4929-2764","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Policlinico Umberto I","sameAs":"https://ror.org/011cabk38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pietro Salacone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1757-1948","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Policlinico Umberto I","sameAs":"https://ror.org/011cabk38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Donatella Paoli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9699-8703"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Francesco Lombardo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6943-2966","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Policlinico Umberto I","sameAs":"https://ror.org/011cabk38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ashok Agarwal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0900-6383","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cleveland Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xjacd83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Loredana Gandini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4274-0491","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Policlinico Umberto I","sameAs":"https://ror.org/011cabk38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Barbara Gilio"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria Santulli","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sapienza University of Rome","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02be6w209"}}],"datePublished":"2004-06-15","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of combined l-carnitine and l-acetyl-carnitine therapy in infertile males with oligo-astheno-teratozoospermia.\n\nDESIGN: Placebo-controlled double-blind randomized trial.\n\nSETTING: University tertiary referral center.\n\nPATIENT(S): Sixty infertile patients (aged 20-40 years) with the following baseline sperm selection criteria: concentration, 10 to 40 x 10(6)/mL; forward motility, <15%; total motility, 10% to 40%; and atypical forms, <80%. Fifty-six patients completed the study.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Patients were submitted to a combined treatment of l-carnitine (2 g/d) and l-acetyl-carnitine (1 g/d) or of placebo; the study design was 2 months' wash-out, 6 months of therapy or of placebo, and 2 months' follow-up.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Variation in the semen parameters that were used for patient selection.\n\nRESULT(S): Even though increases were seen in all sperm parameters after combined carnitine treatment, the most significant improvement in sperm motility (both forward and total) was present in patients who had lower initial absolute values of motile sperm (<4 x 10(6) forward or <5 x 10(6) total motile spermatozoa per ejaculate).\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Combined treatment with l-carnitine and l-acetyl-carnitine in a controlled study of efficacy was effective in increasing sperm motility, especially in groups with lower baseline levels.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"81","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1578","pageEnd":"1584","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2003.10.034","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34326566"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2003.10.034"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15193480"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34326566"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adhesion-related-readmissions-following-gynaecological-laparoscopy-or-gynaecolog-recev18rvghb9lbqr/","name":"Adhesion-related readmissions following gynaecological laparoscopy or laparotomy in Scotland: an epidemiological study of 24 046 patients","headline":"Adhesion-related readmissions following gynaecological laparoscopy or laparotomy in Scotland: an epidemiological study of 24 046 patients","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adhesion-related-readmissions-following-gynaecological-laparoscopy-or-gynaecolog-recev18rvghb9lbqr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A.M. Lower","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oxford Fertility","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05n2x7017"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lower A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hawthorn R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R J S Hawthorn"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J H Boyd"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A R Finlayson"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A D Knight"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A M Crowe"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Surgical and Clinical Research (SCAR) Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Clark","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2438-4446"}],"datePublished":"2004-06-03","abstract":"Background: Gynaecological laparotomies are associated with considerable adhesion-related burdens; however, few data are available concerning laparoscopic surgery. This study evaluated the epidemiology of adhesion-related readmissions following open and laparoscopic procedures.\n\nMethods: Records from 24,046 patients undergoing gynaecological surgery in Scottish National Health Service hospitals during 1996 were assessed retrospectively. Cohorts comprised 15,197 patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery and 8849 patients undergoing laparotomies. Adhesion-related readmission episodes (directly and possibly related) were assessed over 4 years following initial surgery and were expressed as percentages of the number of initial procedures.\n\nResults: Directly adhesion-related readmissions 1 year after initial laparoscopic surgery were: in the high-risk group (adhesiolysis and cyst drainage) 1.3%; medium-risk (therapeutic and diagnostic procedures not categorized as highor low-risk) 1.5%; and low-risk (Fallopian tube sterilizations) 0.2%. Readmissions for laparotomy following surgery on the Fallopian tubes were 0.9%, ovaries 2.1%, uterus 0.6% and vagina 0%. Readmissions occurred at reduced rates in the second, third and fourth years after surgery. Exclusion of patients who underwent surgery within the previous 5 years resulted in reduced readmission rates following laparotomy and high-risk laparoscopy.\n\nConclusions: With the exception of laparoscopic sterilizations, open and laparoscopic gynaecological surgery are associated with comparable risks of adhesion-related readmissions.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1877","pageEnd":"1885","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deh321","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34324701"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/deh321"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15178659"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34324701"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/smoking-and-fracture-risk-a-meta-analysis-recu7xzsn4qwisbml/","name":"Smoking and fracture risk: a meta-analysis","headline":"Smoking and fracture risk: a meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/smoking-and-fracture-risk-a-meta-analysis-recu7xzsn4qwisbml/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"John А. Kanis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3129-4326","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Sheffield","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05krs5044"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Henrik J. Johansson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4729-4205"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chris de Laet","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1951-2079","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Erasmus MC","sameAs":"https://ror.org/018906e22"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John A Eisman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0323-3366","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Vincent's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/001kjn539"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Saeko Fujiwara","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0114-5266","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Radiation Effects Research Foundation","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01fmtas32"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Heikki Kröger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4245-8186","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kuopio University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fqdfs68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eugene McCloskey","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0177-8140","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Mellanby Centre for Bone Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Mellstrom","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2761-3723","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Gothenburg","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01tm6cn81"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Huibert A. P. Pols","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Erasmus University Rotterdam","sameAs":"https://ror.org/057w15z03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Reeve","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4364-2682","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Strangeway's Research Laboratory, Wort's Causeway, Cambridge, United Kingdom","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01qat3289"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alan Tenenhouse","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"and the CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Helena Johansson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5519-0401","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"WHO Collaborating Centre for Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Sheffield, UK; Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (CBAR) at the Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Medicine, University of Got..."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"O Johnell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Lund University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012a77v79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John A Kanis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3607-8016","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Metabolic Bone Diseases (WHO Collaborating Centre), University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, UK. w.j.pontefract@sheffield.ac.uk","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05krs5044"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Joseph Melton","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"WinnMed","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02s47w807"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Oden","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3510-0709","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sahlgrenska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vgqjj36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A J Silman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8426-8925","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Manchester","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27"}}],"datePublished":"2004-06-03","abstract":"Smoking is widely considered a risk factor for future fracture. The aim of this study was to quantify this risk on an international basis and to explore the relationship of this risk with age, sex and bone mineral density (BMD). We studied 59,232 men and women (74% female) from ten prospective cohorts comprising EVOS/EPOS, DOES, CaMos, Rochester, Sheffield, Rotterdam, Kuopio, Hiroshima and two cohorts from Gothenburg. Cohorts were followed for a total of 250,000 person-years. The effect of current or past smoking, on the risk of any fracture, any osteoporotic fracture and hip fracture alone was examined using a Poisson model for each sex from each cohort. Covariates examined were age, sex and BMD. The results of the different studies were merged using the weighted beta-coefficients. Current smoking was associated with a significantly increased risk of any fracture compared to non-smokers (RR=1.25; 95% Confidence Interval (CI)=1.15-1.36). Risk ratio (RR) was adjusted marginally downward when account was taken of BMD, but it remained significantly increased (RR=1.13). For an osteoporotic fracture, the risk was marginally higher (RR=1.29; 95% CI=1.13-1.28). The highest risk was observed for hip fracture (RR=1.84; 95% CI=1.52-2.22), but this was also somewhat lower after adjustment for BMD (RR=1.60; 95% CI=1.27-2.02). Risk ratios were significantly higher in men than in women for all fractures and for osteoporotic fractures, but not for hip fracture. Low BMD accounted for only 23% of the smoking-related risk of hip fracture. Adjustment for body mass index had a small downward effect on risk for all fracture outcomes. For osteoporotic fracture, the risk ratio increased with age, but decreased with age for hip fracture. A smoking history was associated with a significantly increased risk of fracture compared with individuals with no smoking history, but the risk ratios were lower than for current smoking. We conclude that a history of smoking results in fracture risk that is substantially greater than that explained by measurement of BMD. Its validation on an international basis permits the use of this risk factor in case finding strategies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Osteoporos Int"}}},"pageStart":"155","pageEnd":"162","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-004-1640-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28264786"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00198-004-1640-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15175845"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28264786"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-meta-analysis-of-prior-corticosteroid-use-and-fracture-risk-recpvfabob3gysy4s/","name":"A meta-analysis of prior corticosteroid use and fracture risk","headline":"A meta-analysis of prior corticosteroid use and fracture risk","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-meta-analysis-of-prior-corticosteroid-use-and-fracture-risk-recpvfabob3gysy4s/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"John А. Kanis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3129-4326","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Sheffield","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05krs5044"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Helena Johansson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5519-0401","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"WHO Collaborating Centre for Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Sheffield, UK; Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research (CBAR) at the Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Medicine, University of Got..."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chris de Laet","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1951-2079","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Erasmus MC","sameAs":"https://ror.org/018906e22"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Melton III LJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Joseph Melton","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"WinnMed","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02s47w807"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Reeve","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4364-2682","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Strangeway's Research Laboratory, Wort's Causeway, Cambridge, United Kingdom","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01qat3289"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A J Silman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8426-8925","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Manchester","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Huibert AP Pols","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John A Eisman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0323-3366","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Vincent's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/001kjn539"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eugene McCloskey","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0177-8140","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Mellanby Centre for Bone Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Mellstrom","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2761-3723","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Gothenburg","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01tm6cn81"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mellstrom D and the CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"O Johnell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Lund University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012a77v79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John A Kanis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3607-8016","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Metabolic Bone Diseases (WHO Collaborating Centre), University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, UK. w.j.pontefract@sheffield.ac.uk","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05krs5044"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Joseph Melton III"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Oden","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3510-0709","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sahlgrenska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vgqjj36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alan Tenenhouse","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}}],"datePublished":"2004-05-06","abstract":"The relationship between use of corticosteroids and fracture risk was estimated in a meta-analysis of data from seven cohort studies of approximately 42,000 men and women. Current and past use of corticosteroids was an important predictor of fracture risk that was independent of prior fracture and BMD.\nIntroduction: The aims of this study were to validate that corticosteroid use is a significant risk factor for fracture in an international setting and to explore the effects of age and sex on this risk.\n\nMaterials and Methods: We studied 42,500 men and women from seven prospectively studied cohorts followed for 176,000 patient-years. The cohorts comprised the EPOS/EVOS study, CaMos, the Rotterdam Study, Dubbo Osteoporosis Epidemiology Study (DOES), and prospective cohorts at Sheffield, Rochester, and Gothenburg. The effect of ever use of corticosteroids, BMD, age, and sex on all fracture, osteoporotic fracture, and hip fracture risk alone was examined using Poisson regression in each cohort and for each sex. The results of the different studies were merged from the weighted beta coefficients.\n\nResults: Previous corticosteroid use was associated with a significantly increased risk of any fracture, osteoporotic fracture, and hip fracture when adjusted for BMD. Relative risk of any fracture ranged from 1.98 at the age of 50 years to 1.66 at the age of 85 years. For osteoporotic fracture, the range of relative risk was 2.63-1.71, and for hip fracture 4.42-2.48. The estimate of relative risk was higher at younger ages, but not significantly so. No significant difference in risk was seen between men and women. The risk was marginally and not significantly upwardly adjusted when BMD was excluded from the model. The risk was independent of prior fracture. In the three cohorts that documented current corticosteroid use, BMD was significantly reduced at the femoral neck, but fracture risk was still only partly explained by BMD.\n\nConclusion: We conclude that prior and current exposure to corticosteroids confers an increased risk of fracture that is of substantial importance beyond that explained by the measurement of BMD. Its identification on an international basis validates the use of this risk factor in case-finding strategies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Bone and Mineral Research : the Official Journal of the American  Society for Bone and Mineral Research"}}},"pageStart":"893","pageEnd":"899","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1359/JBMR.040134","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59755520"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1359/JBMR.040134"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15125788"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q59755520"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/safety-concerns-and-health-benefits-associated-with-oral-contraception-recatnnmkedjcyqwn/","name":"Safety concerns and health benefits associated with oral contraception","headline":"Safety concerns and health benefits associated with oral contraception","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/safety-concerns-and-health-benefits-associated-with-oral-contraception-recatnnmkedjcyqwn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ronald Burkman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, MA 01199, USA. rtb@bhs.org"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"James J Schlesselman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0552r4b12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Miriam Zieman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0552r4b12"}}],"datePublished":"2004-04-24","abstract":"Since the introduction of hormonal contraceptives in the 1960s, there have been a variety of both health benefits and safety concerns attributed to their use. In most instances, the noncontraceptive benefits of oral contraceptives (OCs) outweigh the potential cardiovascular risks. In fact, the probability of a patient experiencing a cardiovascular event while taking a low-dose OC is very low. However, smoking, hypertension, obesity, and diabetes are risk factors that must be taken into account when prescribing OCs. The neoplastic effects of hormonal contraceptives have been extensively studied, and recent meta-analyses indicate that there is a reduction in the risk of endometrial and ovarian cancer, a possible small increase in the risk for breast and cervical cancer, and an increased risk of liver cancer. Finally, many women will experience noncontraceptive health benefits with OCs that expand far beyond pregnancy prevention. Some of these benefits include reduction in menstrual-related symptoms, fewer ectopic pregnancies, a possible increase in bone density, and possible protection against pelvic inflammatory disease.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"190","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4 Suppl","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"S5-S22","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2004.01.061","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35754661"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ajog.2004.01.061"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15105794"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35754661"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/aromatase-inhibitors-in-ovulation-induction-recl0zhzy3rsjkybn/","name":"Aromatase inhibitors in ovulation induction","headline":"Aromatase inhibitors in ovulation induction","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/aromatase-inhibitors-in-ovulation-induction-recl0zhzy3rsjkybn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mohamed F Mitwally","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, and The Samuel Lununfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert F Casper","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6249-462X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}}],"datePublished":"2004-04-15","abstract":"The new third generation aromatase inhibitors are extremely potent and specific oral inhibitors of estrogen production. We reported the success of using aromatase inhibitors for induction of ovulation in World Health Organization (WHO) type II anovulatory patients. Promising pregnancy rates were associated with the use of aromatase inhibitors for induction of ovulation in these women. In addition, the use of aromatase inhibition in conjunction with gonadotropin injection was associated with a significant reduction in the gonadotropin dose required for optimum controlled ovarian hyperstimulation. We believe that these oral agents are efficient and safe and have many advantages compared with clomiphene citrate (CC). We propose that aromatase inhibitors will replace CC in the future as the new primary treatment for ovulation induction. In this review, we present an update on the use of aromatase inhibitors for induction of ovulation and we discuss several new areas of potential interest regarding the use of aromatase inhibitors, either alone or together with recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) for infertility treatment. Further research in these areas may demonstrate an expanded role in assisted reproductive technologies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Seminars in Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"61","pageEnd":"78","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2004-823028","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35745337"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1055/s-2004-823028"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15083382"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35745337"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/obesity-obstetric-complications-and-cesarean-delivery-ratea-populationbased-scre-qmr5dctz/","name":"Obesity, obstetric complications and cesarean delivery rate--a population-based screening study","headline":"Obesity, obstetric complications and cesarean delivery rate--a population-based screening study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/obesity-obstetric-complications-and-cesarean-delivery-ratea-populationbased-scre-qmr5dctz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Weiss JL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Malone FD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emig D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ball RH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nyberg DA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Comstock CH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Saade G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eddleman K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carter SM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Craigo SD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carr SR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D'Alton ME"},{"@type":"Person","name":"FASTER Research Consortium"}],"datePublished":"2004-04-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to determine whether obesity is associated with obstetric complications and cesarean delivery.\n\nMETHODS: A large prospective multicenter database was studied. Subjects were divided into 3 groups: body mass index (BMI) less than 30 (control), 30 to 34.9 (obese), and 35 or greater (morbidly obese). Groups were compared by using univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses.\n\nRESULTS: The study included 16,102 patients: 3,752 control, 1,473 obese, and 877 morbidly obese patients. Obesity and morbid obesity had a statistically significant association with gestational hypertension (odds ratios [ORs] 2.5 and 3.2), preeclampsia (ORs 1.6 and 3.3), gestational diabetes (ORs 2.6 and 4.0), and fetal birth weight greater than 4000 g (ORs 1.7 and 1.9) and greater than 4500 g (ORs 2.0 and 2.4). For nulliparous patients, the cesarean delivery rate was 20.7% for the control group, 33.8% for obese, and 47.4% for morbidly obese patients.\n\nCONCLUSION: Obesity is an independent risk factor for adverse obstetric outcome and is significantly associated with an increased cesarean delivery rate.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"190","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American journal of obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1091","pageEnd":"7","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2003.09.058","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61843220"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ajog.2003.09.058"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15118648"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q61843220"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-bioavailable-free-and-total-testosterone-with-insulin-resistance--recfqtiw63kg0g105/","name":"Association of bioavailable, free, and total testosterone with insulin  resistance: influence of sex hormone-binding globulin and body fat","headline":"Association of bioavailable, free, and total testosterone with insulin  resistance: influence of sex hormone-binding globulin and body fat","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-bioavailable-free-and-total-testosterone-with-insulin-resistance--recfqtiw63kg0g105/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Emily Tsai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2821-7864","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"VA Puget Sound Health Care System","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ky3az31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alvin M Matsumoto","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6506-8650","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wilfred Y Fujimoto","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7318-124X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Edward J Boyko","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3695-192X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"VA Puget Sound Health Care System","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ky3az31"}}],"datePublished":"2004-03-30","abstract":"Objective: Previous reports of an association between low testosterone levels and diabetes risk were often confounded by covariation of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and testosterone measurements. Measurements of bioavailable and free testosterone, more reliable indexes of biologically active testosterone, were examined for their associations with markers of insulin resistance and body fat measures in 221 middle-aged nondiabetic men. RESEARCH DESIGN AND\n\nMethods: Bioavailable and free testosterone were calculated from the concentrations of total testosterone, SHBG, and albumin, and they were not significantly correlated with SHBG (r = 0.07-0.1). In contrast, total testosterone correlated significantly with SHBG (r = 0.63). We evaluated the relationship between these measures of circulating testosterone and markers for insulin resistance (i.e., fasting insulin, C-peptide, and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance [HOMA-IR]) as well as total body fat (assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry [DEXA]) and abdominal fat distribution (assessed by single-slice computed tomography [CT]).\n\nResults: Bioavailable, free, and total testosterone and SHBG all correlated significantly with fasting insulin (age-adjusted r = -0.15 [P = 0.03], -0.14 [P = 0.03], -0.32 [P < 0.0001], and -0.38 [P < 0.0001], respectively), fasting C-peptide (r = -0.18 [P = 0.009] to -0.41 [P < 0.0001]), HOMA-IR (r = -0.15 [P = 0.03] to - 0.39 [P < 0.0001]), and body fat measures (r = -0.17 [P = 0.008] to -0.44 [P < 0.0001]). Only SHBG and total testosterone were significantly associated with fasting glucose (r = -0.20 [P = 0.003] to -0.21 [P = 0.002]). In multivariate analysis, bioavailable or free testosterone was significantly and inversely associated with insulin, C-peptide, and HOMA-IR, but this was not independent of total body or abdominal fat. SHBG was a significant determinant of insulin, C-peptide, and HOMA-IR, independent of body fat. The associations between total testosterone and insulin resistance were confounded by SHBG.\n\nConclusions: The inverse association between testosterone and insulin resistance, independent of SHBG, was mediated through body fat.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"27","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Diabetes Care"}}},"pageStart":"861","pageEnd":"868","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.27.4.861","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44816778"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2337/diacare.27.4.861"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15047639"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44816778"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/more-than-one-fertile-ovulation-per-cycle-recxq0ipn7se9mk2i/","name":"More than one fertile ovulation per cycle?","headline":"More than one fertile ovulation per cycle?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/more-than-one-fertile-ovulation-per-cycle-recxq0ipn7se9mk2i/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rafael Mikolajczyk","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1271-7204","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bielefeld University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02hpadn98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Petra Frank‐Herrmann","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1322-0366","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Petra Frank-Herrmann","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0330-0741","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Gynaecological Endocrinology and Fertility Disorders, University of Heidelberg, Vossstrasse 9, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany. petra.frank-herrmann@med.uni-heidelberg.de","sameAs":"https://ror.org/038t36y30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Günter Freundl","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82"}}],"datePublished":"2004-03-24","abstract":"Baerwald et al. (1) proposed a new model for ovarian follicular development in the human menstrual cycle. They showed additional waves of follicular development in the follicular and luteal phase of normal ovulatory cycles. Although no additional ovulation was observed, the authors speculated that the anovulatory follicles from the additional waves of follicular development may be able to ovulate in the presence of an additional LH surge.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"81","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"728","pageEnd":"729","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2003.11.016","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59155507"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2003.11.016"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15037440"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q59155507"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/s283-validity-of-methods-used-to-estimate-the-effectiveness-of-emergency-contrac-reciwjfaisovkwjvr/","name":"S28.3: Validity of methods used to estimate the effectiveness of Emergency Contraception","headline":"S28.3: Validity of methods used to estimate the effectiveness of Emergency Contraception","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/s283-validity-of-methods-used-to-estimate-the-effectiveness-of-emergency-contrac-reciwjfaisovkwjvr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rafael Mikolajczyk","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1271-7204","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bielefeld University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02hpadn98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2004-03-17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"46","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"S1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Biometrical Journal"}}},"pageStart":"61","pageEnd":"61","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bimj.200490266","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/bimj.200490266"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mucus-observations-in-the-fertile-window-a-better-predictor-of-conception-than-t-rec6czrx2gq6kyrl7/","name":"Mucus observations in the fertile window: a better predictor of conception than timing of intercourse","headline":"Mucus observations in the fertile window: a better predictor of conception than timing of intercourse","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mucus-observations-in-the-fertile-window-a-better-predictor-of-conception-than-t-rec6czrx2gq6kyrl7/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jamie L Bigelow","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bernardo Colombo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3825-3240","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David B Dunson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"René Ecochard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1695-789X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospices Civils de Lyon","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01502ca60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Gnoth","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6329-4075","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2004-03-03","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Intercourse results in a pregnancy essentially only if it occurs during the 6-day fertile interval ending on the day of ovulation. The strong association between timing of intercourse within this interval and the probability of conception typically is attributed to limited sperm and egg life times.\n\nMETHODS: A total of 782 women recruited from natural family planning centres in Europe contributed prospective data on 7288 menstrual cycles. Daily records of intercourse, basal body temperature and vaginal discharge of cervical mucus were collected. Probabilities of conception were estimated according to the timing of intercourse relative to ovulation and a 1-4 score of mucus quality.\n\nRESULTS: There was a strong increasing trend in the day-specific probabilities of pregnancy with increases in the mucus score. Adjusting for the mucus score, the day-specific probabilities had limited variability across the fertile interval.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Changes in mucus quality across the fertile interval predict the observed pattern in the day-specific probabilities of conception. To maximize the likelihood of conception, intercourse should occur on days with optimal mucus quality, as observed in vaginal discharge, regardless of the exact timing relative to ovulation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"889","pageEnd":"892","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deh173","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76388834"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/deh173"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14990542"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q76388834"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/epigenetics-and-assisted-reproductive-technology-a-call-for-investigation-recnl0r2bakiosqxr/","name":"Epigenetics and assisted reproductive technology: a call for investigation","headline":"Epigenetics and assisted reproductive technology: a call for investigation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/epigenetics-and-assisted-reproductive-technology-a-call-for-investigation-recnl0r2bakiosqxr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Emily Niemitz"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrew P Feinberg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8364-1991","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}}],"datePublished":"2004-02-27","abstract":"A surprising set of recent observations suggests a link between assisted reproductive technology (ART) and epigenetic errors--that is, errors involving information other than DNA sequence that is heritable during cell division. An apparent association with ART was found in registries of children with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, Angelman syndrome, and retinoblastoma. Here, we review the epidemiology and molecular biology behind these studies and those of relevant model systems, and we highlight the need for investigation of two major questions: (1) large-scale case-control studies of ART outcomes, including long-term assessment of the incidence of birth defects and cancer, and (2) investigation of the relationship between epigenetic errors in both offspring and parents, the specific methods of ART used, and the underlying infertility diagnoses. In addition, the components of proprietary commercial media used in ART procedures must be fully and publicly disclosed, so that factors such as methionine content can be assessed, given the relationship in animal studies between methionine exposure and epigenetic changes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"74","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American journal of human genetics"}}},"pageStart":"599","pageEnd":"609","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1086/382897","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33909693"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1086/382897"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14991528"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33909693"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/contributions-of-infertility-treatment-to-very-low-birth-weight-multiple-birth-i-rectpylsg4ftrgvpt/","name":"Contributions of infertility treatment to very-low-birth-weight multiple birth infants receiving neonatal intensive care","headline":"Contributions of infertility treatment to very-low-birth-weight multiple birth infants receiving neonatal intensive care","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/contributions-of-infertility-treatment-to-very-low-birth-weight-multiple-birth-i-rectpylsg4ftrgvpt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher J Lindsell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3297-2811","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01hcyya48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David E Brewer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8540-3102","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01hcyya48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Edward F Donovan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01hcyya48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Margaret M Eichel","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01hcyya48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laura Nickles Hashimoto","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01hcyya48"}}],"datePublished":"2004-02-26","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to determine proportions of very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) multiple birth infants receiving neonatal intensive care whose mothers received various types of infertility treatment and to evaluate infertility treatment-associated morbidity and mortality.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: Study infants were multiples with birth weight 401 to 1500 g cared for in Cincinnati neonatal intensive care units from January 1996 to December 2000. Data were obtained retrospectively from the National Institute for Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network registry. Use of infertility treatment (in vitro fertilization, injection or oral ovulation, and intrauterine insemination) was determined by maternal interview or chart review. The generalized estimating equation approach to logistic regression was used.\n\nRESULTS: The study included 382 infants of 212 mothers: 201=spontaneous conception (53%), 93=in vitro fertilization (24%), 55=injection (14%), 15=oral (4%), and 18=intrauterine insemination (5%). Neither gestational age nor birth weight differed between groups. More female (58%, P=.003) and white infants (95%, P<.001) resulted from infertility treatment-induced pregnancies than from spontaneous pregnancies. Advancing gestational age significantly decreased odds for all outcomes.\n\nCONCLUSION: Of VLBW multiples receiving neonatal intensive care, 47% are associated with infertility treatment. Infertility treatment does not influence outcomes in VLBW multiples.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"190","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"401","pageEnd":"406","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2003.07.026","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35674473"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ajog.2003.07.026"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14981381"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35674473"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-future-of-professional-education-in-natural-family-planning-reco6sob1hzckmgse/","name":"The future of professional education in natural family planning","headline":"The future of professional education in natural family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-future-of-professional-education-in-natural-family-planning-reco6sob1hzckmgse/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}}],"datePublished":"2004-02-20","abstract":"Nurses and other health care professionals often have little knowledge of methods of natural family planning (NFP) and do not readily prescribe natural methods for their patients. One reason for this is that little or no information on NFP is provided in nursing or medical schools. The holistic, informational, and integrative nature of NFP fits well with professional nursing practice. A university online distance education NFP teacher training program, which offers academic credit and includes theory, practice, and the latest developments in fertility monitoring, has been developed for health care professionals. Professional NFP services in the United States need to meet worldwide standards and include documenting and assessing pregnancy outcomes, tailoring NFP services to the client or couple, and simplifying them for ease of use in a standard health care practice.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"33","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Neonatal Nursing : JOGNN"}}},"pageStart":"34","pageEnd":"43","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/0884217503258549","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35670441"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/0884217503258549"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14971551"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35670441"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/womens-sexual-experience-during-the-menstrual-cycle-identification-of-the-sexual-skhmcszh/","name":"Women's sexual experience during the menstrual cycle: identification of the sexual phase by noninvasive measurement of luteinizing hormone","headline":"Women's sexual experience during the menstrual cycle: identification of the sexual phase by noninvasive measurement of luteinizing hormone","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/womens-sexual-experience-during-the-menstrual-cycle-identification-of-the-sexual-skhmcszh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bullivant SB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sellergren SA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stern K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Spencer NA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacob S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mennella JA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"McClintock MK"}],"datePublished":"2004-02-01","abstract":"Imprecise measures of ovulation obscure the relationship between women's sexuality and the menstrual cycle, as does studying women with different contraceptive goals in different social contexts. Here we present a novel noninvasive method to precisely pinpoint the preovulatory surge of Luteinizing Hormone (LH), demarcating hormonally distinct cycle phases with greater than 95% reliability. Women were more sexually active on days prior to and including the preovulatory (LH) surge. This pattern was evident only when women initiated sexual activity and not when their partners did, indicating an increase in women's sexual motivation rather than attractiveness. A second study replicated the 6-day increase in sexual activity beginning 3 days before the LH surge, accompanied by stronger sexual desire and more sexual fantasies. We propose the term 'sexual phase' of the cycle, since follicular phase is over inclusive and ovulatory phase is not sufficient. These findings are striking because the women were avoiding pregnancy and were kept blind to the hypotheses, preventing expectation bias. The sexual phase was more robust in women with regular sexual partners, although the increase in sexual desire was just as great in nonpartnered women, who also reported feeling less lonely at this time. We use these results to evaluate potential neuroendocrine mechanisms underlying women's sexual motivation and activity.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"41","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of sex research"}}},"pageStart":"82","pageEnd":"93","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/00224490409552216","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28268486"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/00224490409552216"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15216427"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28268486"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prognostic-value-of-placental-growth-factor-in-patients-with-acute-chest-pain-reczzui2sybjnpmn2/","name":"Prognostic value of placental growth factor in patients with acute chest pain","headline":"Prognostic value of placental growth factor in patients with acute chest pain","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prognostic-value-of-placental-growth-factor-in-patients-with-acute-chest-pain-reczzui2sybjnpmn2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher Heeschen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1158-8554","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Goethe University Frankfurt","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04cvxnb49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"CAPTURE Investigators"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Juergen Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3885-4952","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"American University"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stefanie Dimmeler"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephan Fichtlscherer"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christian W Hamm"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maarten L Simoons"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andreas M Zeiher"}],"datePublished":"2004-01-30","abstract":"CONTEXT: Experimental data suggest that placental growth factor (PlGF), a member of the vascular endothelial growth factor family, acts as a primary inflammatory instigator of atherosclerotic plaque instability and thus may be useful as a risk-predicting biomarker in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS).\n\nOBJECTIVE: To determine whether blood levels of PlGF predict risk for death or nonfatal myocardial infarction in patients with acute chest pain.\n\nDESIGN, SETTING, AND\n\nPATIENTS: Measurement of PlGF levels as well as levels of markers of myocardial necrosis (troponin T [TnT]), platelet activation (soluble CD40 ligand [sCD40L]), and inflammation (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hsCRP]) in an inception cohort of 547 patients with angiographically validated ACS participating in the CAPTURE (c7E3 Fab Anti-Platelet Therapy in Unstable Refractory Angina) trial and in a heterogeneous cohort of 626 patients presenting with acute chest pain to an emergency department in Germany between December 1996 and March 1999.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Risk for death or nonfatal myocardial infarction after 30 days.\n\nRESULTS: In patients with ACS, elevated PlGF levels (>27.0 ng/L; 40.8% of patients) indicated a markedly increased risk of events at 30 days (14.8% vs 4.9%; unadjusted hazard ratio [HR], 3.34; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.79-6.24; P<.001). In a multivariable model, elevated levels of TnT (HR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.05-3.86; P =.03), sCD40L (HR, 2.65; 95% CI, 1.41-4.99; P =.002), and PlGF (HR, 3.03; 95% CI, 1.54-5.95; P<.001) were independent predictors, while elevated hsCRP level was not (HR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.53-1.98; P =.94). In patients with acute chest pain, elevated levels of PlGF predicted risk (21.2% vs 5.3%) (unadjusted: HR, 4.80; 95% CI, 2.81-8.21; P<.001; adjusted: HR, 3.00; 95% CI, 1.68-5.38; P<.001). Patients negative for all 3 markers (TnT, sCD40L, and PlGF) were at very low cardiac risk (7 days: no event; 30 days: 2.1% event rate).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Plasma PlGF levels may be an independent biomarker of adverse outcome in patients with suspected ACS. A single initial measurement of plasma PlGF appears to extend the predictive and prognostic information gained from traditional inflammatory markers.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"291","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA"}}},"pageStart":"435","pageEnd":"441","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.291.4.435","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47237254"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jama.291.4.435"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14747500"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47237254"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/neuromorbidity-in-preterm-twins-in-relation-to-chorionicity-and-discordant-birth-rec5wonnhvgqa6ybv/","name":"Neuromorbidity in preterm twins in relation to chorionicity and discordant birth weight","headline":"Neuromorbidity in preterm twins in relation to chorionicity and discordant birth weight","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/neuromorbidity-in-preterm-twins-in-relation-to-chorionicity-and-discordant-birth-rec5wonnhvgqa6ybv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Adedayo L Adegbite","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Manchester","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rekha Bajoria","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Mary's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/001x4vz59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shirley Castille","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Manchester","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stuart Ward","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6901-3713","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-30","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of neurologic morbidity in preterm monochorionic (MC) and dichorionic (DC) twins.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: We collected perinatal, neonatal, and infant follow-up data of 76 MC and 78 DC twins born between 24 and 34 weeks of gestation (295 infants). Risks of neuromorbidity in the surviving infants were evaluated in relation to chorionicity, discordant birth weight (>20%), twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS), and cotwin death.\n\nRESULTS: The overall incidence of cerebral palsy and minor neurologic disabilities in surviving twins was 4% and 9%, respectively. MC infants had a higher incidence of cerebral palsy (8% vs 1%, P<.05) and neurologic morbidity (15% vs 3%, P<.05) than DC infants. The risk of impaired neurodevelopment was higher in MC infants with discordant birth weight (42%, P<.01), TTTS (37%, P<.01), and cotwin death (60%, P<.01) than those with concordant birth weight (8%). In MC pregnancies, the cerebral palsy risk was higher in infants with discordant birth weight than those with chronic TTTS (19% vs 4%, P<.05). Similarly, discordant DC infants had higher neuromorbidity than concordant group (5% vs 1%, P<.05). In both MC and DC discordant infants, neurologic morbidity was independent of growth restriction.\n\nCONCLUSION: Neurologic morbidity in the preterm MC infants was 7-fold higher than DC infants because of chronic TTTS, discordant birth weight, and cotwin death in utero.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"190","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"156","pageEnd":"163","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2003.07.004","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47234639"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ajog.2003.07.004"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14749653"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47234639"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sexually-transmitted-diseases-recj7elnaaccy9cp1/","name":"Sexually transmitted diseases","headline":"Sexually transmitted diseases","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sexually-transmitted-diseases-recj7elnaaccy9cp1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Patricia J Sulak","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Scott & White Memorial Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02ge60j37"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-16","abstract":"Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) constitute a major health burden in the United States, causing pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy, infertility, chronic pelvic pain, genital lesions, genital neoplasms, adverse pregnancy outcomes, immune system dysfunction, liver disease, and even death. STDs disproportionately affect adolescents and young adults. Of the estimated 15 million STDs that occur annually each year in the United States, 4 million are among adolescents and 6 million among young adults. The current epidemic is complicated by the high asymptomatic carrier state associated with most STDs and the inadequate protection of condoms in preventing transmission. Sexually active individuals, particularly adolescents, must be educated on the ramifications of early onset of sexual activity and the health consequences of multiple sexual partners.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Seminars in Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"399","pageEnd":"413","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2004-815595","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75266804"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1055/s-2004-815595"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14724772"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q75266804"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-comparison-of-the-fertile-phase-as-determined-by-the-clearplan-easy-fertility--rec2qtxcm2biwy4zc/","name":"A comparison of the fertile phase as determined by the Clearplan Easy Fertility  Monitor and self-assessment of cervical mucus","headline":"A comparison of the fertile phase as determined by the Clearplan Easy Fertility  Monitor and self-assessment of cervical mucus","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-comparison-of-the-fertile-phase-as-determined-by-the-clearplan-easy-fertility--rec2qtxcm2biwy4zc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathleen Mary Raviele","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2062-8041","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dekalb Medical Tucker, Georgia, USA"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Schneider","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8090-4971","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-15","abstract":"The purpose of this study was to compare the fertile phase of the menstrual cycle as determined by the Clearplan Easy Fertility Monitor (CPEFM) with self-monitoring of cervical mucus. One-hundred women (mean age = 29.4 years) observed their cervical mucus and monitored their urine for estrogen and luteinizing hormone metabolites with the CPEFM on a daily basis for 2-6 cycles and generated 378 cycles of data; of these, 347 (92%) had a CPEFM peak. The beginning of the fertile window was, on average, day 11.8 (SD = 3.4) by the monitor and day 9.9 (SD = 3.0) by cervical mucus (r = 0.43, p < 0.001). The average first day of peak fertility by the monitor was 16.5 (SD = 3.6) and by cervical mucus 16.3 (SD = 3.7) (r = 0.85, p < 0.001). The mean length of the fertile phase by the monitor was 7.7 days (SD = 3.1) and by cervical mucus 10.9 days (SD = 3.7) (t = 12.7, p < 0.001). The peak in fertility as determined by the monitor and by self-assessment of cervical mucus is similar but the monitor tends to underestimate and self-assessment of cervical mucus tends to overestimate the actual fertile phase.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"69","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"9","pageEnd":"14","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2003.09.011","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34544523"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.contraception.2003.09.011"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14720613"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34544523"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/revised-2003-consensus-on-diagnostic-criteria-and-long-term-health-risks-related-recs4cmqbtnghw5py/","name":"Revised 2003 consensus on diagnostic criteria and long-term health risks related to polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"Revised 2003 consensus on diagnostic criteria and long-term health risks related to polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/revised-2003-consensus-on-diagnostic-criteria-and-long-term-health-risks-related-recs4cmqbtnghw5py/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rotterdam ESHRE/ASRM-Sponsored PCOS Consensus Workshop Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"No Authors Listed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4186-1435","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad de Granada"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-09","abstract":"Since the 1990 National Institutes of Health-sponsored conference on polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), it has become appreciated that the syndrome encompasses a broader spectrum of signs and symptoms of ovarian dysfunction than those defined by the original diagnostic criteria. The 2003 Rotterdam consensus workshop concluded that PCOS is a syndrome of ovarian dysfunction along with the cardinal features hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovary (PCO) morphology. PCOS remains a syndrome, and as such no single diagnostic criterion (such as hyperandrogenism or PCO) is sufficient for clinical diagnosis. Its clinical manifestations may include menstrual irregularities, signs of androgen excess, and obesity. Insulin resistance and elevated serum LH levels are also common features in PCOS. PCOS is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular events.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"81","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"19","pageEnd":"25","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2003.10.004","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34288567"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2003.10.004"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14711538"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34288567"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metformin-administration-modulates-and-restores-luteinizing-hormone-spontaneous--reckzcs1yirqfrhnn/","name":"Metformin administration modulates and restores luteinizing hormone spontaneous episodic secretion and ovarian function in nonobese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"Metformin administration modulates and restores luteinizing hormone spontaneous episodic secretion and ovarian function in nonobese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metformin-administration-modulates-and-restores-luteinizing-hormone-spontaneous--reckzcs1yirqfrhnn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Alessandro D Genazzani","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2828-5840","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cesare Battaglia","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ombretta Gamba","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pisa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Barbara Malavasi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudia Strucchi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Francesca Tortolani","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-09","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of metformin administration on spontaneous LH episodic release in a group of nonobese polycystic ovary (PCOS) patients.\n\nDESIGN: Controlled clinical study.\n\nSETTING: PCOS patients in a clinical research environment.\n\nPATIENT(S): Twenty nonobese PCOS patients were enrolled after informed consent.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): All patients underwent hormonal evaluations and a pulsatility study (sampling every 10 minutes for 4 hours) before and at the sixth month of therapy (metformin, 500 mg, p.o. b.i.d.). Ultrasound examinations and Ferriman-Gallwey scoring were also performed.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Measurements of plasma LH, FSH, estradiol (E(2)), androstenedione (A), 17-hydroxy-progesterone (17-OHP), and testosterone (T), glucose, insulin, and C-peptide concentrations.\n\nRESULT(S): After 6 months of metformin administration, the plasma LH, 17-OHP, A, and T levels and LH/FSH ratio were significantly reduced. Insulin sensitivity, expressed as the glucose-to-insulin ratio, was significantly improved under glucose load after 6 months of treatment. Spontaneous LH episodic release showed a significant reduction in pulse amplitude with no changes in pulse frequency. Menstrual cyclicity was restored in all amenorrheic and oligomenorrheic women. The ovarian volume and Ferriman-Gallwey scores also were significantly reduced.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Metformin administration improves reproductive axis functioning in hyperandrogenic nonobese PCOS patients. By acting on the ovary and restoring normal ovarian activity, metformin positively modulates the reproductive axis (namely GnRH-LH episodic release).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"81","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"114","pageEnd":"119","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2003.05.020","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44719049"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2003.05.020"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14711553"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44719049"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/survival-and-long-term-neurodevelopmental-outcome-of-extremely-premature-infants-rec1th7vqj3ztbtfp/","name":"Survival and long-term neurodevelopmental outcome of extremely premature infants born at 23-26 weeks' gestational age at a tertiary center","headline":"Survival and long-term neurodevelopmental outcome of extremely premature infants born at 23-26 weeks' gestational age at a tertiary center","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/survival-and-long-term-neurodevelopmental-outcome-of-extremely-premature-infants-rec1th7vqj3ztbtfp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ronald Hoekstra"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Teresa Ferrara"},{"@type":"Person","name":"John E Connett","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8149-9709","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Minnesota","sameAs":"https://ror.org/017zqws13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert J Couser","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Neonatology, Children’s Hospitals and Clinics of Minneapolis, Minneapolis, Minnesota"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nathaniel R Payne","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Neonatology, Children’s Hospitals and Clinics of Minneapolis, Minneapolis, Minnesota"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-02","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: Long-term outcome, including school-age function, has been infrequently reported in infants born at ages as young as 23-26 weeks' gestation. The objective of this study is to report outcome on a large cohort of these infants to understand better the risks and factors that affect survival and long-term prognosis.\n\nMETHODS: Records from 1036 infants who were born between January 1, 1986, and December 31, 2000, were analyzed retrospectively by logistic regression to correlate multiple factors with both survival and long-term outcome. A total of 675 surviving infants were analyzed at a mean age of 47.5 months for developmental outcome. A subset of 147 surviving infants who were born before 1991 were followed through school-age years using the University of Vermont Achenbach Child Behavioral Checklist and Teachers Report Form. Longitudinal follow-up was performed comparing 1-year outcome with school-age performance.\n\nRESULTS: Gestational age and recent year of birth correlated highly with survival. Maternal nonwhite race, female sex, inborn status, surfactant therapy, single gestation, and secondary sepsis also correlated positively with survival. Normal cranial ultrasound results, absence of chronic lung disease, female sex, cesarean delivery, and increased birth weight correlated favorably with long-term outcome. Infants who were born at 23 weeks were more likely to have severe impairments compared with those who were born at 24-26 weeks. Early follow-up identified most subsequent physical impairments but correlated poorly with school-age function.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Survival continues to improve for infants who are born at extremely early gestational ages, but long-term developmental concerns continue to be prevalent. Early outcomes do not reliably predict school-age performance. Strategies that reduce severe intraventricular hemorrhage and chronic lung disease will likely yield the best chances to improve long-term outlook.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"113","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1 Pt 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Pediatrics"}}},"pageStart":"e1-e6","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.113.1.e1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47601241"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1542/peds.113.1.e1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14702487"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47601241"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-15-scientific-foundations-of-the-crms-hilgers2004/","name":"Chapter 15: Scientific Foundations of the CrMS","headline":"Chapter 15: Scientific Foundations of the CrMS","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-15-scientific-foundations-of-the-crms-hilgers2004/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"The CREIGHTON MODEL FertilityCare System (CrMS) rests on a decades-long body of research demonstrating that cervical mucus functions as a physiologically regulated biological valve, opening predictably at the periovulatory estrogen rise and closing in the post-Peak phase. Chapter 15 of Hilgers (2004) synthesizes hormonal, ultrasound, cytologic, and biophysical evidence to establish that a woman's external observation of her Peak Day reliably identifies the fertile window, and documents the system's effectiveness data for both achieving and avoiding pregnancy across a five-study meta-analysis of nearly 1,900 couples.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"183","pageEnd":"261","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-43-polycystic-ovarian-disease-hilgers2004/","name":"Chapter 43: Polycystic Ovarian Disease","headline":"Chapter 43: Polycystic Ovarian Disease","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-43-polycystic-ovarian-disease-hilgers2004/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome), increasingly designated PMOS (polycystic metabolic ovary syndrome) to reflect its metabolic complexity, is far more prevalent than its classic presentation suggests, affecting roughly six percent of reproductive-age women and carrying systemic consequences well beyond fertility disruption. This chapter from the foundational NaProTECHNOLOGY textbook maps the hormonal architecture of the condition, its ovulatory defect patterns, its frequent co-occurrence with endometriosis, and the restorative surgical and cycle-tracking approaches developed at the Pope Paul VI Institute.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"573","pageEnd":"590","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-47-male-infertility-evaluation-and-treatment-hilgers2004/","name":"Chapter 47: Male Infertility: Evaluation and Treatment","headline":"Chapter 47: Male Infertility: Evaluation and Treatment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-47-male-infertility-evaluation-and-treatment-hilgers2004/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Male infertility plays a clinically significant role in a large share of couples who struggle to conceive, yet standard laboratory criteria for semen analysis were designed primarily to predict success with assisted reproduction, not natural fertility. NaProTECHNOLOGY approaches male factor as a diagnosable condition with identifiable root causes, applying medical and surgical options aimed at restoring sperm function and combining that work with fertility-awareness charting to maximize the couple's chances of natural conception.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"635","pageEnd":"642","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-55-using-progesterone-support-during-pregnancy/","name":"Chapter 55: Using Progesterone Support During Pregnancy","headline":"Chapter 55: Using Progesterone Support During Pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-55-using-progesterone-support-during-pregnancy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M.D."}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Luteal phase and early pregnancy progesterone supplementation protocols are detailed, including indications derived from Creighton Model hormone profiles and dosing regimens for intramuscular and vaginal routes. Targeted progesterone support addresses a correctable physiological deficit identified through CrMS-guided monitoring, reducing early pregnancy loss in women with documented luteal insufficiency.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-56-prevention-of-preterm-birth-hilgers2004/","name":"Chapter 56: Prevention of Preterm Birth","headline":"Chapter 56: Prevention of Preterm Birth","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-56-prevention-of-preterm-birth-hilgers2004/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Preterm birth remains a leading cause of perinatal mortality, with rates in the United States rising significantly over the latter half of the twentieth century despite decades of awareness. NaProTechnology's integrated prevention approach, developed at the Pope Paul VI Institute, addresses this problem through systematic risk stratification, hormonal support, infection surveillance, and cervical monitoring across the full course of pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"747","pageEnd":"774","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-6-introductory-presentation-of-the-crms-hilgers2004/","name":"Chapter 6: Introductory Presentation of the CrMS","headline":"Chapter 6: Introductory Presentation of the CrMS","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-6-introductory-presentation-of-the-crms-hilgers2004/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"This 2004 textbook chapter by Thomas W. Hilgers outlines the structure and content of the formal introductory session used to enroll couples in the Creighton Model FertilityCare System (CrMS). It covers the biological foundation of fertility charting, the role of cervical mucus as a biomarker of the reproductive cycle, and the educational framework designed to train couples in systematic, real-time cycle observation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"129","pageEnd":"153","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-85-naprotechnology-nursing/","name":"Chapter 85: NaProTECHNOLOGY Nursing","headline":"Chapter 85: NaProTECHNOLOGY Nursing","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-85-naprotechnology-nursing/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M.D."}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Nursing within the NaProTECHNOLOGY practice encompasses preoperative preparation, intraoperative assistance, postoperative monitoring, hormone administration protocols, and patient education on cycle-based treatment timing. Nurses fluent in CrMS charting language and NaProTECHNOLOGY biomarker systems function as clinical integrators, ensuring that laboratory and treatment protocols are executed in alignment with the individualized menstrual cycle data driving each patient's care plan.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-86-summary-of-naprotechnology-biomarkers/","name":"Chapter 86: Summary of NaProTECHNOLOGY Biomarkers","headline":"Chapter 86: Summary of NaProTECHNOLOGY Biomarkers","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-86-summary-of-naprotechnology-biomarkers/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M.D."}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"NaProTECHNOLOGY utilizes a defined panel of cycle-phase-specific biomarkers — including targeted progesterone, estradiol, LH, FSH, and prolactin drawn at CrMS-standardized cycle days — to characterize the hormonal profile underlying each patient's reproductive dysfunction. This biomarker summary consolidates reference ranges, collection timing rules, and clinical interpretation frameworks that govern diagnosis and treatment decisions across infertility, endometriosis, recurrent pregnancy loss, and cycle irregularity.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-87-summary-of-medical-protocols/","name":"Chapter 87: Summary of Medical Protocols","headline":"Chapter 87: Summary of Medical Protocols","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-87-summary-of-medical-protocols/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M.D."}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Medical protocols in NaProTECHNOLOGY are cycle-phase-targeted regimens — covering ovulation induction, luteal phase hormonal support, hyperprolactinemia management, thyroid optimization, and pre-conceptual supplementation — derived from the biomarker-defined diagnosis rather than empirical stimulation. Consolidating these protocols in a single reference enables practitioners to apply evidence-based, individualized treatment sequences that address root hormonal pathology while supporting natural conception.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-88-cost-effectiveness-of-naprotechnology/","name":"Chapter 88: Cost-Effectiveness of NaProTECHNOLOGY","headline":"Chapter 88: Cost-Effectiveness of NaProTECHNOLOGY","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-88-cost-effectiveness-of-naprotechnology/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M.D."}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"An economic analysis of NaProTECHNOLOGY compares the total treatment costs and cost-per-live-birth outcomes against assisted reproductive technologies, including IVF, drawing on outcome data from the Pope Paul VI Institute to demonstrate that NaPro's higher per-cycle success rates yield a favorable cost-effectiveness ratio despite comparable or lower upfront expenditures. Because NaProTECHNOLOGY identifies and corrects underlying pathology rather than bypassing it, its resource utilization model supports long-term gynecological health benefits that IVF cannot provide, making the economic case inseparable from the clinical one.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-89-research-end-notes/","name":"Chapter 89: Research End-notes","headline":"Chapter 89: Research End-notes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-89-research-end-notes/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M.D."}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"A comprehensive, thematically organized compendium of citations documents the evidentiary foundations for every clinical protocol and outcome claim presented across the preceding 88 chapters, spanning foundational cervical mucus research through contemporary reproductive endocrinology and surgical outcomes literature. Consolidating this reference architecture in a dedicated chapter provides practitioners and researchers a structured pathway to primary literature, reinforcing that NaProTECHNOLOGY is grounded in a reproducible, peer-reviewed evidence base rather than institutional convention.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-90-the-future-of-naprotechnology/","name":"Chapter 90: The Future of NaProTECHNOLOGY","headline":"Chapter 90: The Future of NaProTECHNOLOGY","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-90-the-future-of-naprotechnology/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M.D."}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Hilgers articulates a programmatic vision for the global expansion of NaProTECHNOLOGY through the continued development of FertilityCare Centers International, advanced medical consultant training, and integration of longitudinal hormonal research into evolving clinical protocols. Establishing a roadmap for research priorities, practitioner education infrastructure, and broader medical acceptance positions NaProTECHNOLOGY as a scalable, restorative alternative to the prevailing ART-centered paradigm in reproductive medicine.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-13-achieving-and-avoiding-related-behavior-use-hilgers2004/","name":"Chapter 13: Achieving- and Avoiding-Related Behavior (Use)","headline":"Chapter 13: Achieving- and Avoiding-Related Behavior (Use)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-13-achieving-and-avoiding-related-behavior-use-hilgers2004/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hilgers TW"}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Chapter 13 of Hilgers' NaProTECHNOLOGY textbook establishes a clinical behavioral taxonomy unique to the Creighton Model FertilityCare System, distinguishing between achieving-related and avoiding-related use based on whether a couple's actions increase or decrease the probability of conception. The chapter argues that a \"taking a chance\" mindset is inherently contraceptive in psychology and must be replaced with intentional, education-grounded behavior that reflects a couple's genuine family planning goals.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"173","pageEnd":"175","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-34-cancer-naprotechnology-and-early-detection-hilgers2004/","name":"Chapter 34: Cancer: NaProTECHNOLOGY and Early Detection","headline":"Chapter 34: Cancer: NaProTECHNOLOGY and Early Detection","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-34-cancer-naprotechnology-and-early-detection-hilgers2004/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hilgers TW"}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Chapter 34 of Hilgers (2004) examines how NaProTechnology cycle charting may identify women at elevated risk for three gynecologic cancers: endometrial, breast, and ovarian. The chapter presents clinical case series and a small prospective study suggesting that observable cycle biomarkers, particularly patterns indicating suboptimal luteal-phase function, may precede diagnosis and could inform earlier evaluation, while calling explicitly for further research to validate these findings.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"413","pageEnd":"424","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-5-standardization-of-teaching-recsjwqnhb38iqnqa/","name":"Chapter 5: Standardization of Teaching","headline":"Chapter 5: Standardization of Teaching","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-5-standardization-of-teaching-recsjwqnhb38iqnqa/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"The structured protocols used to train and certify FertilityCare Practitioners (FCPs) in the uniform delivery of CrMS instruction are detailed, covering the sequence of follow-up sessions, the use of standardized teaching aids, and quality-control mechanisms that ensure inter-instructor consistency. Standardization is essential to the scientific validity of CrMS data, because chart comparability across practitioners and study populations depends on identical observation and recording conventions.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"57","pageEnd":"82","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-part-i-diagnosis-and-evaluation-recdlgcikgczqg6co/","name":"Positive predictive value of clinical diagnosis of endometriosis","headline":"Positive predictive value of clinical diagnosis of endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-part-i-diagnosis-and-evaluation-recdlgcikgczqg6co/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"B R Carr","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05byvp690"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Khan-Sabir N","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1205-7066"}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Objective: To determine the positive predictive value of the combined symptoms of severe dysmenorrhea with the sign of tenderness and/or nodularity of the cul-de-sac and/or uterosacral ligament(s) in diagnosing endometriosis clinically. Material and Method: In this prospective study, 116 patients with severe dysmenorrhea, after excluding urinary and gastrointestinal disease, underwent pelvic examination by the same investigator. Women having adnexal mass on pelvic examination were excluded Tenderness, and also nodularity, of the cul-de-sac, right and left uterosacral ligament were recorded separately. The laparoscopist did not know the findings of the pelvic examination. The diagnosis of endometriosis was made visually when lesions were typical and all other lesions were biopsied.\n\nResults: The prevalence of endometriosis was 78.4%. Tenderness, nodularity, tenderness and nodularity, and also tenderness or nodularity of cul-de-sac and/or uterosacral ligament(s) were all statistically significantly associated with the presence of endometriosis (P = .048, .005, .004, and .004 respectively). The positive predictive values were 85.5%, 94.0%, 94.6% and 86.7%, respectively.\n\nConclusion: The positive predictive value of severe dysmenorrhea with nodularity of the cul-de-sac and/or uterosacral ligament(s) was 94.0%.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"87","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet thangphaet"}}},"pageStart":"740","pageEnd":"4","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-64-visual-appearance-of-endometriosis/","name":"Chapter 64: Visual Appearance of Endometriosis","headline":"Chapter 64: Visual Appearance of Endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-64-visual-appearance-of-endometriosis/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Redwine D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kresch A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Martin D","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6940-6418","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad de Huelva"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David B Redwine","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Charles Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02stwhg86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Harry Reich"}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Endometriotic implants are catalogued across their full morphological spectrum—classic powder-burn lesions, red flame lesions, clear vesicles, white fibrotic plaques, and subtle vascular changes—with photographic documentation guiding surgical recognition. Familiarity with atypical implant appearances is essential because underrecognition of non-pigmented lesions leads to incomplete excision and persistent symptomatology.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"855","pageEnd":"862","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-58-early-pregnancy-loss-recz9wk51czxb66wt/","name":"Chapter 58: Early Pregnancy Loss","headline":"Chapter 58: Early Pregnancy Loss","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-58-early-pregnancy-loss-recz9wk51czxb66wt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Early pregnancy loss encompasses biochemical pregnancy, embryonic demise, and missed abortion, each distinguished by specific hormonal profiles and ultrasound criteria within the NaProTECHNOLOGY surveillance model. CrMS-based cycle identification enables recognition of pregnancy at the earliest stages, allowing timely hormonal intervention when progesterone or estradiol deficits are detected.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"797","pageEnd":"801","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-9-basic-crms-instructions-recezek415bjjxmyl/","name":"Chapter 9: Basic CrMS Instructions","headline":"Chapter 9: Basic CrMS Instructions","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-9-basic-crms-instructions-recezek415bjjxmyl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"The content and sequence of the introductory and follow-up instructional sessions that constitute the formal CrMS education series are outlined, covering observation technique, recording conventions, and the practitioner-client interaction model. Consistent delivery of these core instructions establishes the behavioral competence required for both family planning use and the medical monitoring applications that NaProTECHNOLOGY depends upon.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"175","pageEnd":"184","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-62-what-is-surgical-naprotechnology-recvsm9gz9yey7nrc/","name":"Chapter 62: What is Surgical NaProTECHNOLOGY?","headline":"Chapter 62: What is Surgical NaProTECHNOLOGY?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-62-what-is-surgical-naprotechnology-recvsm9gz9yey7nrc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Surgical NaProTECHNOLOGY is defined as a cooperative surgical discipline that corrects reproductive pathology identified through CrMS monitoring and targeted diagnostic workup, employing microsurgical and laser techniques that maximize tissue preservation and minimize adhesion formation. The philosophical and technical distinctions from conventional gynecologic surgery are established, emphasizing restorative intent and anatomical precision as core principles.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"839","pageEnd":"843","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-53-dating-the-beginning-of-pregnancy-recha3zlhfmkdaqrs/","name":"Chapter 53: Dating the Beginning of Pregnancy","headline":"Chapter 53: Dating the Beginning of Pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-53-dating-the-beginning-of-pregnancy-recha3zlhfmkdaqrs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"NaProTECHNOLOGY uses the Peak Day of the Creighton Model chart — the last day of the most fertile-type cervical mucus — as the reference point for dating conception, providing a biologically grounded alternative to last menstrual period dating that remains accurate across irregular cycles. Precise cycle-based dating improves the clinical interpretation of early pregnancy hormone levels, ultrasound findings, and obstetric gestational age assignments, reducing unnecessary interventions triggered by apparent growth discordance.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"707","pageEnd":"712","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-35-follicular-and-luteal-phase-deficiencies-advancing-concepts-and-new-recgzq5twkodxyx6q/","name":"Chapter 35: Follicular and Luteal Phase Deficiencies: Advancing Concepts and New Terminology","headline":"Chapter 35: Follicular and Luteal Phase Deficiencies: Advancing Concepts and New Terminology","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-35-follicular-and-luteal-phase-deficiencies-advancing-concepts-and-new-recgzq5twkodxyx6q/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Hilgers presents a refined classification of follicular and luteal phase deficiencies grounded in the integration of CrMS mucus pattern characteristics, cycle-phase-targeted estradiol and progesterone profiles, ultrasound folliculometry, and endometrial histology, introducing terminology that links specific chart signatures to defined endocrine subtypes and treatment protocols. Follicular deficiencies -- marked by short or poor-quality mucus phases and suboptimal estradiol -- and luteal deficiencies -- marked by a post-Peak phase under nine days, premenstrual spotting, or blunted serial progesterone curves -- are treated with tailored ovulation induction, cooperative progesterone replacement, and correction of contributing systemic disorders including thyroid dysfunction, hyperprolactinemia, and insulin resistance.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"425","pageEnd":"452","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-51-effectiveness-of-naprotechnology-recsau33ewwct5mvl/","name":"Chapter 51: Effectiveness of NaProTECHNOLOGY","headline":"Chapter 51: Effectiveness of NaProTECHNOLOGY","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-51-effectiveness-of-naprotechnology-recsau33ewwct5mvl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Cumulative pregnancy and live birth data from the Pope Paul VI Institute document NaProTECHNOLOGY outcomes across diagnostic categories including unexplained infertility, endometriosis, PCOD, and tubal disease, with multi-year follow-up that captures pregnancies occurring after continued treatment — a metric not captured in per-cycle ART statistics. These outcomes provide the evidence base for positioning NaProTECHNOLOGY as a first-line rather than last-resort reproductive medicine strategy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"677","pageEnd":"696","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-41-hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian-dysfunction-recuqljrwytwt35yi/","name":"Chapter 41: Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Ovarian Dysfunction","headline":"Chapter 41: Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Ovarian Dysfunction","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-41-hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian-dysfunction-recuqljrwytwt35yi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Disruptions along the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis — including luteal phase deficiency, inadequate LH surges, and follicular maturation failure — are among the most common and underdiagnosed contributors to infertility and recurrent pregnancy loss. Targeted hormone supplementation guided by cycle-specific progesterone and estradiol assays, timed to CrMS biomarkers, restores functional ovulatory and luteal competence without suppressing the axis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"541","pageEnd":"560","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-21-disorders-of-human-ovulation-endocrine-validation-of-the-sonographic/","name":"Chapter 21: Disorders of Human Ovulation: Endocrine Validation of the Sonographic Classification System","headline":"Chapter 21: Disorders of Human Ovulation: Endocrine Validation of the Sonographic Classification System","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-21-disorders-of-human-ovulation-endocrine-validation-of-the-sonographic/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"The sonographic ovulation classification is validated against targeted hormone profiles -- estradiol, LH, and serial post-Peak progesterone (P+3 through P+11) -- drawn at CrMS Peak-anchored time points rather than fixed calendar days. Hormone patterns corresponding to each sonographic category (e.g., absent LH surge in anovulation, progesterone rise without follicle rupture in LUF) confirm that ultrasound morphology reliably reflects the underlying endocrine disorder, establishing the biochemical legitimacy of the classification for clinical diagnosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"269","pageEnd":"274","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-78-management-of-ectopic-pregnancies/","name":"Chapter 78: Management of Ectopic Pregnancies","headline":"Chapter 78: Management of Ectopic Pregnancies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-78-management-of-ectopic-pregnancies/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Ectopic pregnancy demands prompt diagnosis and intervention to prevent life-threatening hemorrhage, and NaProTECHNOLOGY's CrMS-guided cycle monitoring enables earlier detection compared to symptom-driven presentations. Surgical management favors salpingotomy with tube preservation when feasible, aligned with the NaProTECHNOLOGY commitment to maintaining reproductive anatomy and future fertility potential.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"1057","pageEnd":"1068","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-84-role-of-fertilitycare-practitioner-recsax8qpgzbamyrp/","name":"Chapter 84: Role of FertilityCare Practitioner","headline":"Chapter 84: Role of FertilityCare Practitioner","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-84-role-of-fertilitycare-practitioner-recsax8qpgzbamyrp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"McCaslin GR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"The FertilityCare Practitioner (FCP) is the trained educator and coach who teaches the Creighton Model FertilityCare System to clients, standardizes charting methodology, and serves as the primary data interface between the patient and the NaProTECHNOLOGY physician. Accurate, consistent chart data from FCPs directly determines the quality of biomarker interpretation, targeted intervention timing, and longitudinal outcome assessment throughout medical and surgical care.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"1115","pageEnd":"1120","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-2-what-is-naprotechnology-rec1lqqkde9lxqnbs/","name":"Chapter 2: What is NaProTECHNOLOGY?","headline":"Chapter 2: What is NaProTECHNOLOGY?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-2-what-is-naprotechnology-rec1lqqkde9lxqnbs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"NaProTECHNOLOGY (Natural Procreative Technology) is defined as a women's health science that monitors and cooperates with the menstrual and fertility cycles to identify, evaluate, and treat gynecologic and reproductive disorders at their root cause. Unlike suppressive approaches such as hormonal contraception or ART, NaProTECHNOLOGY maintains procreative potential and treats underlying pathology while preserving the human ecology of reproduction.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"65","pageEnd":"73","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-68-laparoscopic-laser-vaporization-of-endometrial-implants/","name":"Chapter 68: Laparoscopic Laser Vaporization of Endometrial Implants","headline":"Chapter 68: Laparoscopic Laser Vaporization of Endometrial Implants","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-68-laparoscopic-laser-vaporization-of-endometrial-implants/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"CO2 laser vaporization technique for peritoneal and superficial ovarian endometriotic implants is described in detail, covering power density settings, spot size, vaporization depth control, and recognition of adequate treatment endpoints. Complete destruction of all visible implants, facilitated by the near-contact survey, is necessary to achieve durable symptom relief and improvement in fertility outcomes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"933","pageEnd":"944","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-63-diagnostic-laparoscopy-near-contact-approach-recdy1y3sj12km0u7/","name":"Chapter 63: Diagnostic Laparoscopy: \"Near Contact\" Approach","headline":"Chapter 63: Diagnostic Laparoscopy: \"Near Contact\" Approach","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-63-diagnostic-laparoscopy-near-contact-approach-recdy1y3sj12km0u7/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"845","pageEnd":"854","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-29-premenstrual-syndrome-evaluation-and-treatment/","name":"Chapter 29: Premenstrual Syndrome: Evaluation and Treatment","headline":"Chapter 29: Premenstrual Syndrome: Evaluation and Treatment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-29-premenstrual-syndrome-evaluation-and-treatment/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Premenstrual syndrome in NaProTECHNOLOGY is defined by a recurrent cluster of symptoms -- including irritability, breast tenderness, bloating, depression, and carbohydrate craving -- beginning at least four days before menses, and is associated with late-luteal deficiencies in progesterone, estrogen, and beta-endorphin identified through CrMS-anchored hormone profiling. Treatment with cycle-synchronized bioidentical progesterone, targeted HCG injections to stimulate endogenous corpus luteum function, and low-dose naltrexone to modulate opioid dynamics produces superior symptom resolution compared to SSRI therapy in Hilgers' comparative data, without suppressing ovulation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"345","pageEnd":"368","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-59-fertility-conception-and-childbirth-in-women-of-mature-reproductive-recssobh4hpqkgdpa/","name":"\"Chapter 59: Fertility, Conception, and Childbirth in Women of Mature Reproductive Age\"","headline":"\"Chapter 59: Fertility, Conception, and Childbirth in Women of Mature Reproductive Age\"","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-59-fertility-conception-and-childbirth-in-women-of-mature-reproductive-recssobh4hpqkgdpa/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Tracey A Parnell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4226-1582","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Reproductive outcomes in women aged 35 and older are analyzed using CrMS-monitored cycles, documenting that natural conception remains achievable when ovulatory function and hormonal sufficiency are maintained and underlying pathology is treated. NaProTECHNOLOGY's restorative approach offers an alternative to assisted reproduction for mature-age patients by identifying and correcting specific endocrine or anatomical barriers.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"803","pageEnd":"812","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-3-naprotechnology-and-the-new-humanism-reckj0hru3mqgqo4j/","name":"Chapter 3: NaProTECHNOLOGY and the New Humanism","headline":"Chapter 3: NaProTECHNOLOGY and the New Humanism","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-3-naprotechnology-and-the-new-humanism-reckj0hru3mqgqo4j/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Renee Mirkes","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontifical John Paul II Institute for Studies on Marriage and Family","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xphj289"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"The philosophical and ethical foundation of NaProTECHNOLOGY is examined through the lens of a \"new humanism\" that affirms the dignity of women, couples, and the unborn by working within — rather than against — natural reproductive processes. Hilgers and contributing author Sr. Renee Mirkes situate NaProTECHNOLOGY within a broader critique of technologized reproductive medicine and articulate a coherent framework for procreative ethics applicable to clinical practice.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"75","pageEnd":"86","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-48-fecundity-and-mucus-cycle-score/","name":"Chapter 48: Fecundity and Mucus Cycle Score","headline":"Chapter 48: Fecundity and Mucus Cycle Score","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-48-fecundity-and-mucus-cycle-score/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"The Mucus Cycle Score, derived from the standardized CrMS daily observations, quantifies cervical mucus quality and quantity across a cycle and correlates with measured estrogen levels and fecundity rates, providing a non-invasive index of reproductive potential. Declining mucus scores are clinically actionable, directing investigation into hypoestrogenism, cervical pathology, or medication effects that reduce cycle fecundity and can be corrected before ART is considered.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"643","pageEnd":"652","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-77-pears-for-the-fallopian-tubes-proximal-tubal-occlusion-with-tubal/","name":"Chapter 77: PEARS for the Fallopian Tubes: Proximal Tubal Occlusion with Tubal Reimplantation","headline":"Chapter 77: PEARS for the Fallopian Tubes: Proximal Tubal Occlusion with Tubal Reimplantation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-77-pears-for-the-fallopian-tubes-proximal-tubal-occlusion-with-tubal/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Proximal tubal occlusion at the uterotubal junction, whether from salpingitis isthmica nodosa, fibrosis, or prior sterilization, requires cornual resection and microsurgical tubal reimplantation to re-establish luminal continuity. NaProTECHNOLOGY treats this as a reconstructive procedure rather than a reason to defer to IVF, and outcomes data support intrauterine pregnancy rates comparable to assisted reproduction in appropriately selected patients.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"1045","pageEnd":"1056","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-18-professional-and-academic-infrastructure-of-the-crms-recyzvpofcbt8y51c/","name":"Chapter 18: Professional and Academic Infrastructure of the CrMS","headline":"Chapter 18: Professional and Academic Infrastructure of the CrMS","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-18-professional-and-academic-infrastructure-of-the-crms-recyzvpofcbt8y51c/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"The institutional architecture supporting the CrMS — including the FertilityCare Centers of America network, the American Academy of FertilityCare Professionals (AAFCP), training and certification pathways, and the research programs of the Pope Paul VI Institute — is described. This infrastructure is what distinguishes NaProTECHNOLOGY from informal fertility awareness methods, providing the professional standards, peer accountability, and ongoing research capacity required for clinical credibility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"241","pageEnd":"248","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-20-disorders-of-human-ovulation-sonographic-classification-system/","name":"Chapter 20: Disorders of Human Ovulation: Sonographic Classification System","headline":"Chapter 20: Disorders of Human Ovulation: Sonographic Classification System","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-20-disorders-of-human-ovulation-sonographic-classification-system/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Serial transvaginal ultrasound monitoring of follicular dynamics -- growth, rupture, corpus luteum formation, and free fluid -- forms the basis of a systematic classification of human ovulation disorders, including anovulation, luteinized unruptured follicle (LUF), follicular arrest, premature luteinization, and PCOS-type patterns. Anchoring sonographic findings to the CrMS Peak day allows precise correlation between ultrasound events and cervical mucus biomarkers, creating a reproducible diagnostic taxonomy that drives targeted medical and surgical treatment within the NaProTECHNOLOGY framework.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"259","pageEnd":"268","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-50-pregnancy-following-failed-art-recvcowsvv3wl0sxr/","name":"Chapter 50: Pregnancy Following Failed ART","headline":"Chapter 50: Pregnancy Following Failed ART","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-50-pregnancy-following-failed-art-recvcowsvv3wl0sxr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Phil C Boyle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2555-6294","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NeoFertility Clinic, Suite 7, 1st Floor, Beacon Mall, Sandyford, Dublin 18, Ireland. Phil.Boyle@NeoFertility.ie."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Patients who have undergone multiple failed IVF cycles and are counseled to abandon fertility treatment represent a significant NaProTECHNOLOGY cohort in whom undiagnosed correctable pathology — including subtle endometriosis, luteal insufficiency, or immunological factors — is subsequently identified and treated. Published data demonstrate clinically meaningful pregnancy rates in this population following NaProTECHNOLOGY evaluation and treatment, demonstrating that ART failure does not predict failure of restorative approaches.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"667","pageEnd":"676","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-10-special-instructions-and-applications-recjzl4fwzsqtshqe/","name":"Chapter 10: Special Instructions and Applications","headline":"Chapter 10: Special Instructions and Applications","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-10-special-instructions-and-applications-recjzl4fwzsqtshqe/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Adaptations of CrMS instruction for physiologically distinct reproductive states — including breastfeeding, post-hormonal contraceptive use, long or irregular cycles, and premenopause — are described with specific observational guidance for each context. These special protocols extend the clinical reach of the CrMS to all phases of a woman's reproductive life and ensure that charting remains interpretable even when cycle dynamics are atypical.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"185","pageEnd":"206","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-82-postoperative-care-and-complications-recq6a5vkklbowohn/","name":"Chapter 82: Postoperative Care and Complications","headline":"Chapter 82: Postoperative Care and Complications","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-82-postoperative-care-and-complications-recq6a5vkklbowohn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Structured postoperative management following PEARS procedures addresses wound care, pain control, early ambulation, hormonal support, and surveillance for complications including bleeding, infection, urinary injury, and bowel complications. NaProTECHNOLOGY postoperative protocols integrate CrMS-guided hormonal monitoring to optimize the healing environment and time the resumption of targeted fertility treatment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"1087","pageEnd":"1100","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-61-preconceptional-care-and-the-creighton-model-system-recscipf5yyomchej/","name":"Chapter 61: Preconceptional Care and the CREIGHTON MODEL System","headline":"Chapter 61: Preconceptional Care and the CREIGHTON MODEL System","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-61-preconceptional-care-and-the-creighton-model-system-recscipf5yyomchej/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Preconceptional optimization using CrMS cycle data establishes hormonal baselines, identifies correctable pathologies, and guides targeted supplementation before conception is attempted. Systematic preconceptional evaluation reduces early pregnancy loss and improves obstetric outcomes by ensuring the endocrine environment supports implantation and early embryonic development.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"825","pageEnd":"835","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-42-endometriosis-and-effects-on-fertility-recz3srqwy7jyrgoa/","name":"Chapter 42: Endometriosis and Effects on Fertility","headline":"Chapter 42: Endometriosis and Effects on Fertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-42-endometriosis-and-effects-on-fertility-recz3srqwy7jyrgoa/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Endometriosis impairs fertility through direct mechanical distortion of pelvic anatomy, peritoneal inflammatory mediators, and hormonal micro-environment alterations that reduce implantation potential, making thorough surgical excision critical to restoring fertility rather than bypassing it. The PEARS classification system, used in NaProTECHNOLOGY surgical practice, enables standardized documentation of endometriotic disease extent and correlates operative findings with postoperative reproductive outcomes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"561","pageEnd":"572","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-32-unusual-bleeding-evaluation-and-treatment/","name":"Chapter 32: Unusual Bleeding: Evaluation and Treatment","headline":"Chapter 32: Unusual Bleeding: Evaluation and Treatment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-32-unusual-bleeding-evaluation-and-treatment/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Unusual uterine bleeding -- including premenstrual spotting, tail-end brown bleeding, mid-cycle intermenstrual bleeding, and heavy menses -- is evaluated in NaProTECHNOLOGY through prospective CrMS charting combined with cycle-phase-targeted estradiol and serial post-Peak progesterone profiles, which typically reveal luteal phase deficiency, follicular estradiol insufficiency, or anovulation as the primary etiology. Treatment is etiology-directed and cycle-synchronized: cooperative progesterone replacement for luteal defects, follicular support or ovulation induction for follicular phase insufficiency, and fertility-sparing surgical correction for structural pathology such as endometriosis, polyps, or fibroids, without routine recourse to contraceptive suppression.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"387","pageEnd":"406","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-1-disturbing-trends-in-the-health-care-of-women-children-and-families-rectcs38kosq9nj9p/","name":"\"Chapter 1: Disturbing Trends in the Health Care of Women, Children and Families\"","headline":"\"Chapter 1: Disturbing Trends in the Health Care of Women, Children and Families\"","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-1-disturbing-trends-in-the-health-care-of-women-children-and-families-rectcs38kosq9nj9p/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Escalating rates of contraceptive use, abortion, divorce, child abuse, teenage pregnancy, and out-of-wedlock births over the preceding four decades are documented as interconnected indicators of systemic failure in women's and family healthcare. Hilgers argues these trends reflect a prevailing medical culture that suppresses or bypasses reproductive function rather than supporting it, establishing the clinical and moral imperative for a restorative alternative.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"47","pageEnd":"64","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-71-pears-for-bowel-endometriosis-surgical-techniques-for-the-recjnuxrwpuoxcla8/","name":"Chapter 71: PEARS for Bowel Endometriosis: Surgical Techniques for the Gynecologist","headline":"Chapter 71: PEARS for Bowel Endometriosis: Surgical Techniques for the Gynecologist","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-71-pears-for-bowel-endometriosis-surgical-techniques-for-the-recjnuxrwpuoxcla8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Deep infiltrating endometriosis involving the rectosigmoid, appendix, and small bowel is addressed through gynecologist-performed PEARS techniques that include superficial disc excision, appendectomy, and coordinated bowel resection when full-thickness involvement requires it. Recognition of intestinal endometriosis at laparoscopy and command of the relevant surgical steps allow the NaProTECHNOLOGY surgeon to treat the complete disease burden in a single operative setting.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"965","pageEnd":"974","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-25-chronic-discharges-and-crms-recwh9il5nyo6juvu/","name":"Chapter 25: Chronic Discharges and CrMS","headline":"Chapter 25: Chronic Discharges and CrMS","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-25-chronic-discharges-and-crms-recwh9il5nyo6juvu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"The Creighton Model's standardized daily vulvar observation system -- recording discharge color, consistency, quantity, and sensation -- allows chronic pathological discharges (persistent yellow or cloudy mucus, continuous post-Peak discharge, premenstrual brown bleeding, or refractory vulvovaginitis) to be distinguished from normal cyclical mucus patterns and tracked longitudinally as a diagnostic tool. NaProTECHNOLOGY uses chronic discharge patterns as biomarkers that prompt organism-specific cultures, targeted hormonal evaluation, ultrasound, and etiology-directed treatment -- including antimicrobials, cooperative hormone replacement, or fertility-sparing surgery -- rather than empirical cycle suppression.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"293","pageEnd":"306","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-79-recurrence-of-endometriosis-after-pears-recbpdcoix1uqdycl/","name":"Chapter 79: Recurrence of Endometriosis after PEARS","headline":"Chapter 79: Recurrence of Endometriosis after PEARS","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-79-recurrence-of-endometriosis-after-pears-recbpdcoix1uqdycl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Endometriosis recurrence after surgical excision remains a clinical reality driven by residual ectopic implants, persistent hormonal milieu favoring re-seeding, and incomplete initial resection. NaProTECHNOLOGY addresses recurrence risk through postoperative hormone normalization guided by CrMS biomarkers, with repeat PEARS reserved for symptomatic or fertility-impairing recurrence confirmed by clinical and laparoscopic assessment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"1069","pageEnd":"1074","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-26-isomolecular-hormones-vs-heteromolecular-artimones-recxqtaii5qyjgdna/","name":"Chapter 26: Isomolecular Hormones vs Heteromolecular Artimones","headline":"Chapter 26: Isomolecular Hormones vs Heteromolecular Artimones","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-26-isomolecular-hormones-vs-heteromolecular-artimones-recxqtaii5qyjgdna/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Hilgers distinguishes isomolecular hormones -- molecules structurally identical to endogenous estradiol and progesterone -- from heteromolecular artimones, his term for synthetic analogues such as medroxyprogesterone acetate, norethindrone, and ethinyl estradiol, which differ in receptor binding, metabolic pathways, and systemic effects. NaProTECHNOLOGY restricts hormone therapy to isomolecular compounds administered in cycle-synchronized, physiologic doses because artimones suppress the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis, mask underlying pathology, and produce non-physiologic metabolite profiles incompatible with a restorative reproductive medicine approach.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"307","pageEnd":"334","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-16-measuring-effectiveness-and-pregnancy-rates-of-the-crms-reccacufywlsnxs6w/","name":"Chapter 16: Measuring Effectiveness and Pregnancy Rates of the CrMS","headline":"Chapter 16: Measuring Effectiveness and Pregnancy Rates of the CrMS","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-16-measuring-effectiveness-and-pregnancy-rates-of-the-crms-reccacufywlsnxs6w/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Methodologically rigorous effectiveness data for the CrMS are presented, including method-effectiveness and use-effectiveness rates for pregnancy avoidance drawn from prospective cohort studies, demonstrating rates comparable to or exceeding hormonal contraception. Standardized outcome measurement is necessary to establish the CrMS's scientific credibility and to provide practitioners and patients with accurate, evidence-based counseling on system performance.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"215","pageEnd":"230","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-19-targeted-hormone-assessment-of-the-menstrual-cycle/","name":"Chapter 19: Targeted Hormone Assessment of the Menstrual Cycle","headline":"Chapter 19: Targeted Hormone Assessment of the Menstrual Cycle","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-19-targeted-hormone-assessment-of-the-menstrual-cycle/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"A CrMS-synchronized hormone sampling protocol is detailed in which progesterone, estradiol, and other reproductive hormones are drawn at cycle-phase-specific time points defined by the charted Peak Day rather than by fixed cycle day, producing a targeted hormone profile that accurately reflects luteal and follicular function. This Peak Day-referenced approach substantially improves the diagnostic sensitivity for luteal phase deficiency, follicular dysfunction, and other endocrine abnormalities that fixed-day sampling routinely misclassifies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"251","pageEnd":"258","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-39-medical-risks-of-infertility-recmnex7vnsu13wgr/","name":"Chapter 39: Medical Risks of Infertility","headline":"Chapter 39: Medical Risks of Infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-39-medical-risks-of-infertility-recmnex7vnsu13wgr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Infertility is not merely a reproductive inconvenience but frequently signals systemic or hormonal pathology — including polycystic ovarian disease, endometriosis, thyroid dysfunction, and immune abnormalities — each carrying independent health risks beyond failure to conceive. Identifying and treating these underlying conditions reduces long-term morbidity and reframes infertility evaluation as a form of preventive medicine rather than a terminal bypass decision.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"495","pageEnd":"508","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-80-chronic-pelvic-pain-and-dysmenorrhea-reczhjfoldczrknak/","name":"Chapter 80: Chronic Pelvic Pain and Dysmenorrhea","headline":"Chapter 80: Chronic Pelvic Pain and Dysmenorrhea","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-80-chronic-pelvic-pain-and-dysmenorrhea-reczhjfoldczrknak/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Chronic pelvic pain and dysmenorrhea in reproductive-age women most commonly reflect undertreated endometriosis, adenomyosis, ovarian dysfunction, or pelvic adhesive disease rather than psychosomatic pathology. NaProTECHNOLOGY evaluates these symptoms through a structured diagnostic pathway integrating CrMS biomarker profiles, hormonal assays, and targeted laparoscopy, directing restorative surgical and medical interventions rather than suppressive hormonal therapy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"1075","pageEnd":"1082","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-37-role-of-compounding-pharmacist-reciuqpsirvdvac37/","name":"Chapter 37: Role of Compounding Pharmacist","headline":"Chapter 37: Role of Compounding Pharmacist","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-37-role-of-compounding-pharmacist-reciuqpsirvdvac37/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Reed-Kane D","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3682-5453","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"OPX Biotechnology"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Compounding pharmacists prepare individualized hormone formulations — including HCG, progesterone, and thyroid preparations — that are central to NaProTECHNOLOGY treatment protocols, where standardized commercial doses are often inadequate for patient-specific needs. Collaborative prescribing between NaPro practitioners and licensed compounding pharmacists ensures consistent bioidentical formulation quality, dosing precision, and regulatory compliance within fertility and reproductive endocrine management.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"467","pageEnd":"476","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-33-osteoporosis-and-role-of-crms-recctdcjho8xcshk8/","name":"Chapter 33: Osteoporosis and Role of CrMS","headline":"Chapter 33: Osteoporosis and Role of CrMS","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-33-osteoporosis-and-role-of-crms-recctdcjho8xcshk8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Chronic anovulation and progesterone or estradiol deficiency identified through CrMS charting represent periods of suboptimal bone accrual in women of reproductive age, because both estradiol and progesterone contribute to skeletal maintenance -- estradiol through suppression of osteoclast activity and progesterone through osteoblast stimulation. NaProTECHNOLOGY uses longitudinal CrMS records of ovulatory status and hormone profiles as a bone-health risk screen, guiding cycle-synchronized bioidentical hormone replacement to restore normal estrogen-progesterone balance and potentially mitigate progression toward osteoporosis in women with chronic cycle-based endocrine deficiencies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"407","pageEnd":"412","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancy-during-the-use-of-levonorgestrel-intrauterine-system-pmr9gzum/","name":"Pregnancy during the use of levonorgestrel intrauterine system","headline":"Pregnancy during the use of levonorgestrel intrauterine system","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancy-during-the-use-of-levonorgestrel-intrauterine-system-pmr9gzum/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Backman T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rauramo I"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Huhtala S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Markku Koskenvuo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Helsinki","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040af2s02"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: This study was undertaken to evaluate the pregnancy rate with the levonorgestrel intrauterine system (LNG IUS) and to analyze the outcome of pregnancies with the LNG IUS in situ in regular use.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: Questionnaires from 17,360 users of the LNG IUS were analyzed. With the consent of women reporting pregnancy during the use of the LNG IUS, related hospital records were reviewed concerning the pregnancies.\n\nRESULTS: Originally 132 pregnancies were reported. Medical records were reviewed from 108 of these women. In 64 pregnancies, conception occurred with the LNG IUS in situ. Thirty-three pregnancies were ectopic. The 5-year cumulative pregnancy rate per 100 users was 0.5 and the 5-year Pearl rate was 0.11.\n\nCONCLUSION: Pregnancy with the LNG IUS in situ is rare. Ectopic pregnancies constitute 53% of all pregnancies. Typical pregnancy symptoms occur during pregnancies with the LNG IUS. The importance to counsel about the risk of pregnancy before insertion is emphasized.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"190","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American journal of obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"50","pageEnd":"4","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2003.07.021","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44746737"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.ajog.2003.07.021"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14749634"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44746737"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/infant-deaths-up-in-us-for-first-time-since-1958-premature-birth-is-a-leading-ca-rec1toeykph5tegus/","name":"Infant Deaths up in US for First Time Since 1958: Premature Birth is a Leading Cause","headline":"Infant Deaths up in US for First Time Since 1958: Premature Birth is a Leading Cause","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/infant-deaths-up-in-us-for-first-time-since-1958-premature-birth-is-a-leading-ca-rec1toeykph5tegus/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"March of Dimes"}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-76-pears-for-the-fallopian-tubes-distal-occlusions-and-other-recx6rb1hv3k8yqyj/","name":"Chapter 76: PEARS for the Fallopian Tubes: Distal Occlusions and Other Applications","headline":"Chapter 76: PEARS for the Fallopian Tubes: Distal Occlusions and Other Applications","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-76-pears-for-the-fallopian-tubes-distal-occlusions-and-other-recx6rb1hv3k8yqyj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Distal tubal occlusion — including hydrosalpinx, fimbrial agglutination, and peritubal adhesions — is a correctable cause of tubal-factor infertility amenable to salpingoneostomy, fimbrioplasty, and adhesiolysis under PEARS principles. Restoration of distal tubal patency and normal fimbrial architecture allows natural conception and avoids the bypassing of physiological fertilization that characterizes assisted reproductive technology.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"1031","pageEnd":"1044","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-30-postpartum-depression-evaluation-and-treatment-recf0f06ukpparfc8/","name":"Chapter 30: Postpartum Depression: Evaluation and Treatment","headline":"Chapter 30: Postpartum Depression: Evaluation and Treatment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-30-postpartum-depression-evaluation-and-treatment-recf0f06ukpparfc8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Postpartum depression in susceptible women is linked to abrupt postpartum progesterone withdrawal following the high-progesterone state of pregnancy, particularly in those with prior PMS, luteal phase defects, or recurrent miscarriage, and NaProTECHNOLOGY evaluates this through serum progesterone, thyroid function, and prolactin assessment in the postpartum period. Treatment uses bioidentical progesterone -- preferably intramuscular for reliable absorption -- with serum levels monitored every two weeks for dose titration, and once cycles resume, dosing is resynchronized to the CrMS Peak day; Hilgers reports no increase in congenital anomalies in over 2,000 progesterone-supported pregnancies in the Pope Paul VI Institute series.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"369","pageEnd":"380","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/increased-infertility-with-age-in-men-and-women-recu5tqleiepisa5c/","name":"Increased infertility with age in men and women","headline":"Increased infertility with age in men and women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/increased-infertility-with-age-in-men-and-women-recu5tqleiepisa5c/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"D D Baird","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5544-2653","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, PO Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bernardo Colombo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3825-3240","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David B Dunson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To estimate the effects of aging on the percentage of outwardly healthy couples who are sterile (completely unable to conceive without assisted reproduction) or infertile (unable to conceive within a year of unprotected intercourse).\nMETHODS: A prospective fecundability study was conducted in a sample of 782 couples recruited from 7 European centers for natural family planning. Women aged 18-40 years were eligible. Daily intercourse records were used to adjust for timing and frequency of intercourse when estimating the per-menstrual-cycle probability of conception. The number of menstrual cycles required to conceive a clinical pregnancy and the probability of sterility and infertility were derived from the estimated fecundability distributions for men and women of different ages.\nRESULTS: Sterility was estimated at about 1%; this percent did not change with age. The percentage infertility was estimated at 8% for women aged 19-26 years, 13-14% for women aged 27-34 years and 18% for women aged 35-39 years. Starting in the late 30s, male age was an important factor, with the percentage failing to conceive within 12 cycles increasing from an estimated 18-28% between ages 35 and 40 years. The estimated percentage of infertile couples that would be able to conceive after an additional 12 cycles of trying varied from 43-63% depending on age.\nCONCLUSION: Increased infertility in older couples is attributable primarily to declines in fertility rates rather than to absolute sterility. Many infertile couples will conceive if they try for an additional year.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"103","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"51","pageEnd":"56","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/01.AOG.0000100153.24061.45","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34287555"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/01.AOG.0000100153.24061.45"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14704244"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34287555"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-23-differences-between-laboratories-recmae7i1gsmknlgb/","name":"Chapter 23: Differences Between Laboratories","headline":"Chapter 23: Differences Between Laboratories","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-23-differences-between-laboratories-recmae7i1gsmknlgb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Serum estradiol and progesterone assays vary substantially across laboratories because of differences in antibody specificity, calibration standards, detection platforms, and quality-control practices, meaning that a value within one laboratory's generic reference range may represent a clinically significant deficiency when interpreted against NaPro Peak-day-specific norms. NaProTECHNOLOGY requires consistent use of a single reference laboratory and interpretation relative to cycle-phase-specific NaPro standards rather than broad lab-generated reference intervals, to avoid missing subtle follicular or luteal phase defects that standard reporting would classify as normal.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"281","pageEnd":"284","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-22-disorders-of-human-ovulation-clinical-validation-of-the-sonographic-recrswdffxlqybddl/","name":"Chapter 22: Disorders of Human Ovulation: Clinical Validation of the Sonographic Classification System","headline":"Chapter 22: Disorders of Human Ovulation: Clinical Validation of the Sonographic Classification System","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-22-disorders-of-human-ovulation-clinical-validation-of-the-sonographic-recrswdffxlqybddl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"CrMS charting features -- Peak day definition, pre-Peak mucus quality and duration, post-Peak phase length, and premenstrual spotting -- are systematically compared against sonographic and endocrine findings to demonstrate that prospective cycle observations reliably identify specific ovulation disorder categories. This clinical validation shows that the CrMS chart functions as a non-invasive biomarker map capable of directing targeted ultrasound and hormonal investigation, and that treatment guided by the classification improves ovulatory and fertility outcomes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"275","pageEnd":"279","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-83-family-physicians-experience-recqmwdx5bxt6l6fo/","name":"Chapter 83: Family Physician's Experience","headline":"Chapter 83: Family Physician's Experience","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-83-family-physicians-experience-recqmwdx5bxt6l6fo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Peter G Danis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mercy Clinic Neurology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002r82k07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Family physicians trained in NaProTECHNOLOGY serve as primary coordinators of medical management — prescribing targeted hormone support, monitoring biomarker trends, and triaging surgical referrals — within a collaborative care model. Their longitudinal relationship with patients and ability to integrate reproductive medicine into whole-person primary care is a structural advantage of the NaProTECHNOLOGY delivery system over specialist-only models.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"1101","pageEnd":"1114","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-60-lethal-congenital-anomalies-prenatal-diagnosis-and-the-management-of-recwqxpwcbilrwoeg/","name":"Chapter 60: Lethal Congenital Anomalies: Prenatal Diagnosis and the Management of Pregnancy","headline":"Chapter 60: Lethal Congenital Anomalies: Prenatal Diagnosis and the Management of Pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-60-lethal-congenital-anomalies-prenatal-diagnosis-and-the-management-of-recwqxpwcbilrwoeg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Management of pregnancies complicated by lethal fetal anomalies is addressed within an ethical framework that provides perinatal palliative care, parental support, and medical management without recourse to induced abortion. The chapter outlines clinical protocols for continuing care that respect fetal life while attending to maternal physical and psychological wellbeing through delivery and bereavement.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"813","pageEnd":"824","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-69-laparoscopic-laser-lysis-of-adhesions-recwwxy5cnimgc8ed/","name":"Chapter 69: Laparoscopic Laser Lysis of Adhesions","headline":"Chapter 69: Laparoscopic Laser Lysis of Adhesions","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-69-laparoscopic-laser-lysis-of-adhesions-recwwxy5cnimgc8ed/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Laser adhesiolysis protocols address peritubal, periovarian, and cul-de-sac adhesions using CO2 laser energy applied under direct near-contact visualization, with attention to underlying anatomy and vascular proximity. Restoration of normal adnexal mobility and tubo-ovarian relationships is a prerequisite for improved cycle-based fertility after surgical NaProTECHNOLOGY intervention.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"945","pageEnd":"950","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-4-introduction-to-the-creighton-model-system-recksx7rkekm4n9mj/","name":"Chapter 4: Introduction to the CREIGHTON MODEL System","headline":"Chapter 4: Introduction to the CREIGHTON MODEL System","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-4-introduction-to-the-creighton-model-system-recksx7rkekm4n9mj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"The Creighton Model FertilityCare System (CrMS) is introduced as a standardized, scientifically grounded method for observing and recording cervical mucus biomarkers and bleeding patterns across the menstrual cycle. Its development from earlier natural family planning methods into a fully systematized fertility monitoring tool is traced, establishing the CrMS as the observational substrate for all subsequent NaProTECHNOLOGY medical applications.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"87","pageEnd":"102","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-27-cooperative-progesterone-and-estrogen-replacement-recr9f45rcxelrwg2/","name":"Chapter 27: Cooperative Progesterone and Estrogen Replacement","headline":"Chapter 27: Cooperative Progesterone and Estrogen Replacement","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-27-cooperative-progesterone-and-estrogen-replacement-recr9f45rcxelrwg2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Cooperative progesterone and estrogen replacement therapy administers bioidentical hormones in precise synchrony with the woman's CrMS-identified Peak day -- beginning progesterone at P+2 or P+3 and continuing through the luteal phase -- to augment deficient corpus luteum output rather than override the cycle with suppressive dosing. Serial serum progesterone across post-Peak days guides dose titration, and the approach is applied to luteal phase deficiency, recurrent miscarriage, premenstrual syndrome, and postpartum depression while preserving ovulatory function and fertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"335","pageEnd":"340","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-65-atlas-of-findings-in-diagnostic-laparoscopy-recytuqmdso6vpuvo/","name":"Chapter 65: Atlas of Findings in Diagnostic Laparoscopy","headline":"Chapter 65: Atlas of Findings in Diagnostic Laparoscopy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-65-atlas-of-findings-in-diagnostic-laparoscopy-recytuqmdso6vpuvo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"A photographic atlas documents the intraoperative appearance of endometriosis, adhesions, polycystic ovarian morphology, tubal pathology, and uterine anomalies as encountered during near-contact laparoscopy. Standardized visual reference supports consistent surgical classification, intraoperative decision-making, and communication of findings across the NaProTECHNOLOGY surgical team.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"863","pageEnd":"898","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-66-selective-hysterosalpingography-and-transcervical-catheterization-of-reccd9pcllrmah9wq/","name":"Chapter 66: Selective Hysterosalpingography and Transcervical Catheterization of the Fallopian Tubes","headline":"Chapter 66: Selective Hysterosalpingography and Transcervical Catheterization of the Fallopian Tubes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-66-selective-hysterosalpingography-and-transcervical-catheterization-of-reccd9pcllrmah9wq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Selective hysterosalpingography combined with transcervical fallopian tube catheterization allows both precise diagnosis and non-surgical correction of proximal tubal occlusion, distinguishing true anatomical obstruction from tubal spasm or mucous plugging. In NaProTECHNOLOGY practice, this minimally invasive approach restores tubal patency without laparotomy, preserving natural conception potential in appropriately selected patients.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"899","pageEnd":"905","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-11-case-management-recnbrt0buzl7rark/","name":"Chapter 11: Case Management","headline":"Chapter 11: Case Management","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-11-case-management-recnbrt0buzl7rark/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"A systematic framework for managing patient cases within the CrMS-NaProTECHNOLOGY system is presented, addressing how FCPs and medical consultants collaborate to identify abnormal chart patterns, initiate medical referral, and coordinate ongoing care. Structured case management is the operational bridge between fertility monitoring and clinical intervention, ensuring that biomarker observations are translated into timely diagnostic and therapeutic action.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"207","pageEnd":"215","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-28-effects-of-stress-recaabdvkhuuafu5h/","name":"Chapter 28: Effects of Stress","headline":"Chapter 28: Effects of Stress","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-28-effects-of-stress-recaabdvkhuuafu5h/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Physiological and psychological stress disrupts hypothalamic GnRH pulsatility via CRH-cortisol pathways, producing downstream impairments in LH and FSH secretion that manifest as anovulation, delayed ovulation, follicular phase prolongation, or luteal phase deficiency -- all of which are documented cycle-by-cycle on the CrMS chart. NaProTECHNOLOGY addresses stress-induced HPO axis dysfunction by identifying the specific cycle-level disorder through charting and targeted hormone profiling, then applying cycle-appropriate ovulation induction and cooperative hormone support alongside correction of the underlying physical or psychological stressor.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"341","pageEnd":"344","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-52-three-dimensional-ultrasound-recciuf4xuqi1bykg/","name":"Chapter 52: Three-dimensional Ultrasound","headline":"Chapter 52: Three-dimensional Ultrasound","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-52-three-dimensional-ultrasound-recciuf4xuqi1bykg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Three-dimensional ultrasound enables volumetric assessment of uterine architecture, endometrial morphology, and ovarian follicular dynamics with greater anatomical precision than conventional 2D imaging, facilitating detection of septate uteri, submucosal fibroids, and endometriotic lesions that affect implantation. Integration of 3D ultrasound into NaProTECHNOLOGY evaluation protocols enhances the pre-treatment structural workup and informs targeted surgical planning for uterine factor infertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"697","pageEnd":"706","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-45-amenorrhea-and-anovulation-rectbb9axo3ubo834/","name":"Chapter 45: Amenorrhea and Anovulation","headline":"Chapter 45: Amenorrhea and Anovulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-45-amenorrhea-and-anovulation-rectbb9axo3ubo834/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Amenorrhea and anovulation represent a spectrum of hypothalamic, pituitary, ovarian, and end-organ etiologies that must be differentiated through systematic hormonal and anatomical evaluation before treatment is initiated. NaProTECHNOLOGY integrates CrMS mucus charting with targeted biochemical testing to identify the level of dysfunction and guide ovulation induction or hormonal restoration appropriate to the specific cause.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"603","pageEnd":"606","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-12-decision-making-in-the-crms-recmtteollwavefao/","name":"Chapter 12: Decision Making in the CrMS","headline":"Chapter 12: Decision Making in the CrMS","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-12-decision-making-in-the-crms-recmtteollwavefao/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Clinical and instructional decision trees guide practitioners through the interpretation of chart findings and the selection of appropriate responses — ranging from continued observation to medical referral — based on pattern recognition and established CrMS criteria. Systematic decision-making protocols reduce practitioner variability, support evidence-based care, and define the threshold at which observed abnormalities warrant further NaProTECHNOLOGY medical evaluation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"215","pageEnd":"219","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-46-medical-treatment-of-ovarian-dysfunction-reczvqrk2hqh6vuvk/","name":"Chapter 46: Medical Treatment of Ovarian Dysfunction","headline":"Chapter 46: Medical Treatment of Ovarian Dysfunction","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-46-medical-treatment-of-ovarian-dysfunction-reczvqrk2hqh6vuvk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Ovarian dysfunction — encompassing luteal insufficiency, abnormal folliculogenesis, and anovulation — is treated in NaProTECHNOLOGY with cycle-timed interventions including HCG trigger, progesterone supplementation, clomiphene, and thyroid optimization, guided by prospective CrMS charting rather than protocol-driven stimulation. This approach normalizes endogenous hormonal patterns rather than overriding them, preserving uterine receptivity and reducing multiple gestation risk.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"607","pageEnd":"634","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-72-pears-for-bowel-endometriosis-surgical-techniques-for-the-general-recwxrknb48ys9k40/","name":"Chapter 72: PEARS for Bowel Endometriosis: Surgical Techniques for the General Surgeon","headline":"Chapter 72: PEARS for Bowel Endometriosis: Surgical Techniques for the General Surgeon","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-72-pears-for-bowel-endometriosis-surgical-techniques-for-the-general-recwxrknb48ys9k40/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Bowel endometriosis involving the rectosigmoid, appendix, and small intestine requires specialized resection and repair techniques that fall within the competency of a general surgeon collaborating with the NaProTECHNOLOGY surgical team. Addressing bowel involvement is essential to achieving complete excision of endometriotic disease, which underpins the PEARS philosophy of restoring normal pelvic anatomy and maximizing reproductive potential.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"975","pageEnd":"1000","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2003-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2003-n3okmjvg/","name":"DIR Jahrbuch 2003 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2003)","headline":"DIR Jahrbuch 2003 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2003)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2003-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2003-n3okmjvg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register e.V."}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Annual report (Jahrbuch) of the Deutsches IVF-Register (DIR) for treatment year 2003. DIR is the German national IVF/ICSI registry, founded 1982 — the oldest continuously operating ART registry. Voluntary professional-society database with high de-facto coverage of German fertility centres. Reports cycles, transfers, pregnancies and clinical outcomes by treatment type (IVF, ICSI, frozen embryo transfer, donor). German-language registry document. Used as a Phase B historical-archive source for the ART Registry Comparison study (cross-registry classification by reporting completeness on 7 framework dimensions).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register Jahrbuch"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-44-pelvic-adhesive-disease-recx12dzl1iujotdw/","name":"Chapter 44: Pelvic Adhesive Disease","headline":"Chapter 44: Pelvic Adhesive Disease","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-44-pelvic-adhesive-disease-recx12dzl1iujotdw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Pelvic adhesions from prior infection, surgery, or endometriosis restrict tubal motility, occlude the fimbriae, and distort ovarian-tubal relationships, constituting a primary mechanical barrier to natural conception. Microsurgical adhesiolysis performed under NaProTECHNOLOGY protocols achieves tubal patency and restores anatomical relationships, enabling natural pregnancy in a substantial proportion of cases that would otherwise be directed to IVF.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"591","pageEnd":"602","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-67-fundamental-anti-adhesion-surgical-techniques-recullig4tw1ny9ex/","name":"Chapter 67: Fundamental Anti-Adhesion Surgical Techniques","headline":"Chapter 67: Fundamental Anti-Adhesion Surgical Techniques","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-67-fundamental-anti-adhesion-surgical-techniques-recullig4tw1ny9ex/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Core microsurgical principles for adhesion prevention—continuous peritoneal irrigation, meticulous hemostasis, minimal thermal spread, avoidance of foreign material, and precise tissue approximation—are detailed as non-negotiable standards in every NaProTECHNOLOGY procedure. Postoperative adhesion formation is the primary cause of surgical failure in pelvic reconstruction, making preventive technique as important as the corrective intervention itself.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"907","pageEnd":"932","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-38-trends-and-deficiencies-in-infertility-recdscftbvrs4un2l/","name":"Chapter 38: Trends and Deficiencies in Infertility","headline":"Chapter 38: Trends and Deficiencies in Infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-38-trends-and-deficiencies-in-infertility-recdscftbvrs4un2l/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Conventional infertility care has shifted toward assisted reproductive technologies that bypass underlying pathology rather than diagnose and treat root causes, leaving a large proportion of couples with unresolved, correctable conditions. NaProTECHNOLOGY addresses this systemic deficiency by emphasizing standardized evaluation, cycle-based hormonal profiling, and targeted medical and surgical treatment before any bypass technology is considered.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"477","pageEnd":"494","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-49-family-physicians-approach-recnthbgpcs4pbdii/","name":"Chapter 49: Family Physician's Approach","headline":"Chapter 49: Family Physician's Approach","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-49-family-physicians-approach-recnthbgpcs4pbdii/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Phil C Boyle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2555-6294","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NeoFertility Clinic, Suite 7, 1st Floor, Beacon Mall, Sandyford, Dublin 18, Ireland. Phil.Boyle@NeoFertility.ie."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Family physicians are optimally positioned to introduce NaProTECHNOLOGY to patients presenting with infertility, irregular cycles, or recurrent pregnancy loss during routine primary care, enabling early evaluation and restorative treatment before referral to subspecialists. Familiarity with CrMS charting interpretation, basic hormone panels timed to identified cycle phases, and the range of treatable NaPro diagnoses allows the family physician to substantially expand reproductive care at the primary care level.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"653","pageEnd":"666","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-75-pears-for-polycystic-ovaries-ovarian-wedge-resection-reczpthjjoitm6dqo/","name":"Chapter 75: PEARS for Polycystic Ovaries: Ovarian Wedge Resection","headline":"Chapter 75: PEARS for Polycystic Ovaries: Ovarian Wedge Resection","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-75-pears-for-polycystic-ovaries-ovarian-wedge-resection-reczpthjjoitm6dqo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Ovarian wedge resection reduces androgen-producing stromal tissue in women with polycystic ovary syndrome who have failed medical ovulation induction, restoring spontaneous or treatment-responsive ovulatory cycles. Within NaProTECHNOLOGY, the procedure is performed with precise tissue economy and anti-adhesion technique to preserve ovarian reserve while correcting the underlying hormonal dysfunction identified through CrMS biomarker monitoring.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"1023","pageEnd":"1030","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-24-establishing-normal-hormone-levels-recbojsr7vrkw7duk/","name":"Chapter 24: Establishing Normal Hormone Levels","headline":"Chapter 24: Establishing Normal Hormone Levels","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-24-establishing-normal-hormone-levels-recbojsr7vrkw7duk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Normal estradiol and progesterone reference ranges in NaProTECHNOLOGY are derived from fertile, ovulatory cycles with confirmed CrMS Peak days and sonographic ovulation, with blood sampling timed to Peak-anchored days (pre-ovulatory P-days for estradiol, P+3 through P+11 for luteal hormones) rather than to calendar cycle days. These day-specific normative values allow detection of subtle deficiencies -- such as a blunted progesterone rise at P+5 or inadequate pre-ovulatory estradiol -- that are clinically actionable for diagnosing follicular and luteal phase disorders but are invisible to standard mid-luteal or phase-independent reference intervals.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"285","pageEnd":"292","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-40-naprotechnology-in-infertility-recewrscqcap5rajk/","name":"Chapter 40: NaProTECHNOLOGY in Infertility","headline":"Chapter 40: NaProTECHNOLOGY in Infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-40-naprotechnology-in-infertility-recewrscqcap5rajk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"NaProTECHNOLOGY applies the standardized biomarkers of the Creighton Model FertilityCare System to identify the specific pathophysiological causes of infertility in each couple, then directs targeted medical or surgical intervention against those causes. Published pregnancy rates demonstrate outcomes comparable to or exceeding IVF in many diagnostic categories, without the ethical, financial, or obstetric risks associated with assisted reproduction.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"509","pageEnd":"540","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-17-achieving-related-pregnancy-rate-and-its-natural-adaptability-rec8ypcmtr1hhg2hm/","name":"Chapter 17: Achieving-Related Pregnancy Rate and Its Natural Adaptability","headline":"Chapter 17: Achieving-Related Pregnancy Rate and Its Natural Adaptability","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-17-achieving-related-pregnancy-rate-and-its-natural-adaptability-rec8ypcmtr1hhg2hm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Pregnancy achievement rates among couples using the CrMS to target fertile days are analyzed by cycle type, reproductive history, and duration of use, demonstrating the system's capacity to accommodate irregular and abnormal cycles without reducing its fertility-targeting utility. These data are foundational to NaProTECHNOLOGY's application in infertility management, establishing that the CrMS identifies fertile windows even in subfertile populations with disrupted cycle parameters.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"231","pageEnd":"240","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-31-ovarian-cysts-evaluation-and-treatment-rechy3sytidrxktkr/","name":"Chapter 31: Ovarian Cysts: Evaluation and Treatment","headline":"Chapter 31: Ovarian Cysts: Evaluation and Treatment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-31-ovarian-cysts-evaluation-and-treatment-rechy3sytidrxktkr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Ovarian cysts in NaProTECHNOLOGY are classified as functional (follicular cysts, luteinized unruptured follicle, corpus luteum cysts) or pathological (endometriomas, neoplasms) through serial cycle-timed transvaginal ultrasound correlated with CrMS Peak day observations and post-Peak progesterone and estradiol profiles. Management of functional cysts uses cooperative progesterone replacement and targeted HCG injections to normalize corpus luteum function and reduce cyst recurrence without contraceptive suppression, while pathological or persistent cysts are addressed through fertility-sparing laparoscopic surgery with anti-adhesion technique.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"381","pageEnd":"386","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-14-objective-classification-of-the-mucus-cycle-rech5dn6lr6dswuae/","name":"Chapter 14: Objective Classification of the Mucus Cycle","headline":"Chapter 14: Objective Classification of the Mucus Cycle","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-14-objective-classification-of-the-mucus-cycle-rech5dn6lr6dswuae/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"A quantitative taxonomy for classifying the cervical mucus cycle is established, using standardized descriptors for mucus type, quantity, consistency, and Peak Day timing to produce objectively comparable cycle profiles across patients and study populations. This classification system is indispensable to NaProTECHNOLOGY research and clinical correlation, as it enables the linkage of specific mucus pattern anomalies to underlying endocrine pathology.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"177","pageEnd":"182","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-medical-surgical-practice-of-naprotechnology-rectiyuppdjrktphh/","name":"The Medical & Surgical Practice of NaProTechnology","headline":"The Medical & Surgical Practice of NaProTechnology","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-medical-surgical-practice-of-naprotechnology-rectiyuppdjrktphh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-7-basic-charting-and-chart-reading-rec6nlvfvxosqglig/","name":"Chapter 7: Basic Charting and Chart Reading","headline":"Chapter 7: Basic Charting and Chart Reading","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-7-basic-charting-and-chart-reading-rec6nlvfvxosqglig/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"The CrMS charting system is explained in full, including the stamp-based notation for recording mucus characteristics, bleeding, and dry days on the standardized chart, and the conventions for identifying the Peak Day. Accurate chart reading is the foundational clinical skill for NaProTECHNOLOGY practitioners, as the chart provides the biomarker timeline against which hormone profiles and pathology are interpreted.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"153","pageEnd":"164","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-70-pears-peritoneal-and-ovarian-endometriosis-recskmckmcwflrsfs/","name":"Chapter 70: PEARS: Peritoneal and Ovarian Endometriosis","headline":"Chapter 70: PEARS: Peritoneal and Ovarian Endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-70-pears-peritoneal-and-ovarian-endometriosis-recskmckmcwflrsfs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"The PEARS (Pelvic Endoscopic Adhesion-Related Surgery) procedure for peritoneal and ovarian endometriosis combines near-contact laser vaporization, adhesiolysis, and ovarian cystectomy under strict anti-adhesion protocols to achieve comprehensive disease eradication while preserving ovarian reserve. Outcomes data demonstrate superior fertility and pain resolution compared to incomplete surgical approaches, establishing PEARS as the operative standard within NaProTECHNOLOGY.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"951","pageEnd":"964","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-74-pears-for-uterine-leiomyomata-myomectomy-rec7dhohdoyn26eoo/","name":"Chapter 74: PEARS for Uterine Leiomyomata: Myomectomy","headline":"Chapter 74: PEARS for Uterine Leiomyomata: Myomectomy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-74-pears-for-uterine-leiomyomata-myomectomy-rec7dhohdoyn26eoo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Uterine fibroids contribute to abnormal uterine bleeding, dysmenorrhea, recurrent pregnancy loss, and implantation failure, making myomectomy a central NaProTECHNOLOGY surgical intervention for women seeking conception. PEARS myomectomy technique prioritizes uterine preservation, meticulous layered closure of the myometrial defect, and hemostasis strategies that minimize adhesion formation and support subsequent pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"1013","pageEnd":"1022","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clinical-trial-progesterone-reduces-postpartum-depression-in-naprotechnology-pat-reclahybqllvp33ws/","name":"Clinical trial: Progesterone reduces postpartum depression in Naprotechnology patients","headline":"Clinical trial: Progesterone reduces postpartum depression in Naprotechnology patients","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clinical-trial-progesterone-reduces-postpartum-depression-in-naprotechnology-pat-reclahybqllvp33ws/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sullivan MW"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-73-pears-for-extensive-pelvic-adhesive-disease-recuj1rmnmcabnusz/","name":"Chapter 73: PEARS for Extensive Pelvic Adhesive Disease","headline":"Chapter 73: PEARS for Extensive Pelvic Adhesive Disease","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-73-pears-for-extensive-pelvic-adhesive-disease-recuj1rmnmcabnusz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Extensive pelvic adhesions — often the sequela of prior surgeries, infection, or undertreated endometriosis — distort tubo-ovarian relationships and impair fertility through mechanical obstruction and altered pelvic microenvironment. PEARS adhesiolysis principles emphasize meticulous sharp dissection, copious irrigation, and anti-adhesion adjuncts to restore normal anatomy and optimize postoperative fertility outcomes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"1001","pageEnd":"1012","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-81-preventing-pelvic-adhesions-recoycs39gjkqdodx/","name":"Chapter 81: Preventing Pelvic Adhesions","headline":"Chapter 81: Preventing Pelvic Adhesions","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-81-preventing-pelvic-adhesions-recoycs39gjkqdodx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Postoperative pelvic adhesions are a leading cause of secondary infertility, chronic pain, and bowel obstruction following gynecologic surgery, making adhesion prevention a primary surgical quality metric in NaProTECHNOLOGY. PEARS technique integrates continuous peritoneal irrigation, meticulous tissue handling, avoidance of foreign-body contamination, and selective use of barrier agents to minimize the fibrinous cascade that initiates adhesion formation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"1083","pageEnd":"1086","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-8-charting-continuous-discharges-recc1k0aqepeterbd/","name":"Chapter 8: Charting Continuous Discharges","headline":"Chapter 8: Charting Continuous Discharges","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-8-charting-continuous-discharges-recc1k0aqepeterbd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Women with persistent or continuous vaginal discharges — including those from chronic cervicitis, hormonal imbalance, or other gynecologic sources — present a distinct charting challenge, and this chapter provides CrMS-specific protocols for distinguishing pathologic discharge from fertile-quality cervical mucus. Correct identification is clinically critical because misclassification distorts cycle interpretation, effectiveness calculations, and the hormone-assessment timeline.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"165","pageEnd":"173","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-36-thyroid-system-dysfunction-reczycyzz4kow5jok/","name":"Chapter 36: Thyroid System Dysfunction","headline":"Chapter 36: Thyroid System Dysfunction","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-36-thyroid-system-dysfunction-reczycyzz4kow5jok/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Both overt and subclinical thyroid dysfunction are recognized in NaProTECHNOLOGY as significant causes of cycle-level reproductive abnormalities -- including oligomenorrhea, anovulation, luteal phase deficiency, heavy bleeding, and recurrent early pregnancy loss -- detectable through CrMS charting before standard screening would prompt thyroid evaluation. The chapter advocates comprehensive thyroid assessment (TSH, free T4, free T3, and thyroid antibodies) with fertility-optimized reference thresholds in women presenting with cycle disorders or infertility, followed by reassessment of CrMS patterns and hormone profiles after thyroid correction to identify and treat any residual follicular or luteal phase defects.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"453","pageEnd":"466","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-57-recurrent-spontaneous-abortion-reck8fotyr4nz9ac8/","name":"Chapter 57: Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion","headline":"Chapter 57: Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-57-recurrent-spontaneous-abortion-reck8fotyr4nz9ac8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Recurrent spontaneous abortion is examined through a systematic NaProTECHNOLOGY diagnostic framework that includes hormonal, anatomical, immunological, and infectious etiologies identified via CrMS cycle charting and targeted laboratory evaluation. Correcting underlying pathology—particularly luteal phase deficiency and uterine structural abnormalities—achieves live birth rates substantially higher than expectant management alone.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"775","pageEnd":"796","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-54-assessing-progesterone-during-pregnancy-recb3xgbrt7znqwsd/","name":"Chapter 54: Assessing Progesterone During Pregnancy","headline":"Chapter 54: Assessing Progesterone During Pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chapter-54-assessing-progesterone-during-pregnancy-recb3xgbrt7znqwsd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","abstract":"Serial progesterone measurement timed to the luteal phase and early pregnancy using CrMS Peak Day-referenced protocols reveals luteal insufficiency and early placental progesterone inadequacy that are associated with miscarriage risk and preterm labor. Progesterone supplementation guided by these standardized assessments has been associated with reduced pregnancy loss in NaProTECHNOLOGY-managed pregnancies, and the chapter details the specific drawing protocols, reference ranges, and supplementation decision thresholds used in clinical practice.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical and Surgical Practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY"},"pageStart":"713","pageEnd":"724","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/aromatase-inhibitors-in-ovulation-induction-in-aromatase-update-and-new-roles-in-zcegjht4/","name":"Aromatase Inhibitors in Ovulation Induction. In: Aromatase: Update and New Roles in Reproductive Disease. Carr BR, Bulun SE (Eds)","headline":"Aromatase Inhibitors in Ovulation Induction. In: Aromatase: Update and New Roles in Reproductive Disease. Carr BR, Bulun SE (Eds)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/aromatase-inhibitors-in-ovulation-induction-in-aromatase-update-and-new-roles-in-zcegjht4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mohamed F Mitwally","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, and The Samuel Lununfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert F Casper","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6249-462X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}}],"datePublished":"2004-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Sem Reprod Med"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-surveillanceunited-states-2001-ewysnv3v/","name":"Assisted reproductive technology surveillance--United States, 2001","headline":"Assisted reproductive technology surveillance--United States, 2001","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-surveillanceunited-states-2001-ewysnv3v/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Wright VC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laura A Schieve","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1215-0682","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042twtr12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Reynolds MA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gary Jeng","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kissin D"}],"datePublished":"2004 Apr 30","abstract":"Wright VC(1), Schieve LA, Reynolds MA, Jeng G, Kissin D.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Surveillance summaries (Washington, D.C. : 2002)"},"sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64133624","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15123982"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q64133624"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/methodologic-and-statistical-approaches-to-studying-human-fertility-and-environm-recnot1e0krcfa7gv/","name":"Methodologic and statistical approaches to studying human fertility and environmental exposure","headline":"Methodologic and statistical approaches to studying human fertility and environmental exposure","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/methodologic-and-statistical-approaches-to-studying-human-fertility-and-environm-recnot1e0krcfa7gv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Candace Tingen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3503-019X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David B Dunson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}}],"datePublished":"2003-12-31","abstract":"Although there has been growing concern about the effects of environmental exposures on human fertility, standard epidemiologic study designs may not collect sufficient data to identify subtle effects while properly adjusting for confounding. In particular, results from conventional time to pregnancy studies can be driven by the many sources of bias inherent in these studies. By prospectively collecting detailed records of menstrual bleeding, occurrences of intercourse, and a marker of ovulation day in each menstrual cycle, precise information on exposure effects can be obtained, adjusting for many of the primary sources of bias. This article provides an overview of the different types of study designs, focusing on the data required, the practical advantages and disadvantages of each design, and the statistical methods required to take full advantage of the available data. We conclude that detailed prospective studies allowing inferences on day-specific probabilities of conception should be considered as the gold standard for studying the effects of environmental exposures on fertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"112","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environmental Health Perspectives"}}},"pageStart":"87","pageEnd":"93","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.6263","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24810711"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1289/ehp.6263"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14698936"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q24810711"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prospective-pregnancy-study-designs-for-assessing-reproductive-and-developmental-reckrbea9oiw7zcsi/","name":"Prospective pregnancy study designs for assessing reproductive and developmental toxicants","headline":"Prospective pregnancy study designs for assessing reproductive and developmental toxicants","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prospective-pregnancy-study-designs-for-assessing-reproductive-and-developmental-reckrbea9oiw7zcsi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Germaine M Buck Louis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1774-4490","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Courtney D Lynch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4642-9772","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anne Sweeney","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"United States Department of Health and Human Services","sameAs":"https://ror.org/033jnv181"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laura A Schieve","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1215-0682","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042twtr12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Germaine M Buck","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health/DHHS, 6100 Executive Boulevard, Rm. 7B03, Rockville, MD 20852, USA. gb156i@nih.gov"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John C Rockett","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"United States Department of Health and Human Services","sameAs":"https://ror.org/033jnv181"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Steven M Schrader","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"United States Department of Health and Human Services","sameAs":"https://ror.org/033jnv181"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sherry G Selevan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"United States Department of Health and Human Services","sameAs":"https://ror.org/033jnv181"}}],"datePublished":"2003-12-31","abstract":"The determinants of successful human reproduction and development may act as early as periconceptionally, underscoring the need to capture exposures during these critical windows when assessing potential toxicants. To identify such toxicants, couples must be studied longitudinally prior to conception without regard to a couple's ability to ascertain a clinically recognized pregnancy. We examined the utility and feasibility of prospective pregnancy study designs by conducting a systematic review of the literature to summarize relevant information regarding the planning, implementation, and success of previously published prospective pregnancy studies. Information concerning design elements and participation was abstracted from 15 eligible studies (from a total of 20 identified studies) using a standardized form. The primary author of each study was contacted to review our summary of their work and obtain missing information. Our findings confirm the ability to recruit women/couples from diverse populations using a variety of recruitment strategies. Among the studies we reviewed, 4-97% of eligible individuals were successfully contacted, with enrollment rates ranging from 42 to 100%. Length of follow-up varied from 3 to 12 months. A high percentage of women provided urine (57-98%) and blood (86-91%) specimens and most male partners (94-100%) provided semen samples. These data support the feasibility of this design.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"112","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environmental Health Perspectives"}}},"pageStart":"79","pageEnd":"86","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.6262","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23923304"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1289/ehp.6262"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14698935"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q23923304"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/acog-committee-opinion-use-of-progesterone-to-reduce-preterm-birth-rect37a5ymholor5d/","name":"ACOG Committee Opinion. Use of progesterone to reduce preterm birth","headline":"ACOG Committee Opinion. Use of progesterone to reduce preterm birth","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/acog-committee-opinion-use-of-progesterone-to-reduce-preterm-birth-rect37a5ymholor5d/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists"},{"@type":"Person","name":"ACOG","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7450-1543","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen"}}],"datePublished":"2003-12-16","abstract":"Preterm birth affects 12% of all births in the United States. Recent studies support the hypothesis that progesterone supplementation reduces preterm birth in a select group of women (ie, those with a prior spontaneous birth at <37 weeks of gestation). Despite the apparent benefits of progesterone in this high-risk population, the ideal progesterone formulation is unknown. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Committee on Obstetric Practice believes that further studies are needed to evaluate the use of progesterone in patients with other high-risk obstetric factors, such as multiple gestations, short cervical length, or positive test results for cervicovaginal fetal fibronectin. When progesterone is used, it is important to restrict its use to only women with a documented history of a previous spontaneous birth at less than 37 weeks of gestation because unresolved issues remain, such as optimal route of drug delivery and long-term safety of the drug.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"102","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5 Pt 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1115","pageEnd":"1116","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obstetgynecol.2003.09.032","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44691151"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.obstetgynecol.2003.09.032"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14672496"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44691151"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulation-induction-is-not-the-same-as-superovulation-the-effect-of-selective-es-reciuhpgwc4ctvcjk/","name":"Ovulation induction is not the same as superovulation: the effect of selective  estrogen receptor modulators and aromatase inhibitors","headline":"Ovulation induction is not the same as superovulation: the effect of selective  estrogen receptor modulators and aromatase inhibitors","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulation-induction-is-not-the-same-as-superovulation-the-effect-of-selective-es-reciuhpgwc4ctvcjk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"David E Tourgeman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}}],"datePublished":"2003-12-12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"80","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1333-4; discussion 1339","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2003.06.002","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35604965"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2003.06.002"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14667862"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35604965"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-the-effects-of-letrozole-and-clomiphene-citrate-on-ovarian-follicl-recvqgc0snjf8jmfy/","name":"Comparison of the effects of letrozole and clomiphene citrate on ovarian follicles, endometrium, and hormone levels in the rat","headline":"Comparison of the effects of letrozole and clomiphene citrate on ovarian follicles, endometrium, and hormone levels in the rat","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-the-effects-of-letrozole-and-clomiphene-citrate-on-ovarian-follicl-recvqgc0snjf8jmfy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Semsi Altaner","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Trakya University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00xa0xn82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tulay Kilic-Okman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Trakya University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00xa0xn82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mustafa Kucuk","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Trakya University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00xa0xn82"}}],"datePublished":"2003-12-12","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of letrozole and clomiphene citrate in the rat in terms of number of ovarian follicles; endometrial thickness; and serum levels of E2, FSH, LH, and T.\n\nDESIGN: Controlled prospective study.\n\nSETTING: University research laboratory.\n\nANIMAL(S): Thirty sexually mature female Wistar-Albino rats that were 20 weeks of age.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Letrozole, 5 mg/kg of body weight daily (10 rats); clomiphene citrate, 100 microg/kg daily (10 rats); or saline solution, 2 mL/d (10 rats). After 2 days, rats were euthanized and ovariectomized.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Number of mature follicles, endometrial thickness, and serum levels of hormones.\n\nRESULT(S): Mean levels of FSH, LH, E2, and T; number of mature follicles; and ovary size differed among the groups, whereas the mean endometrial thickness did not differ.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): In rats, the effect of letrozole on follicular maturation is similar to that of clomiphene citrate.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"80","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1330","pageEnd":"1332","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2003.05.002","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44687971"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2003.05.002"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14667861"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44687971"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulation-induction-in-women-with-infertility-a-new-indication-for-aromatase-inh-rechqqvprbt6lv9et/","name":"Ovulation induction in women with infertility: a new indication for aromatase inhibitors","headline":"Ovulation induction in women with infertility: a new indication for aromatase inhibitors","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulation-induction-in-women-with-infertility-a-new-indication-for-aromatase-inh-rechqqvprbt6lv9et/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Serdar E Bulun","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0850-8637","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Northwestern University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/000e0be47"}}],"datePublished":"2003-12-12","abstract":"The third-generation aromatase inhibitors were initially introduced to treat postmenopausal breast cancer. We now realize that many other potential indications for aromatase inhibitors exist, especially in the field of gynecology. Preliminary data were suggestive that aromatase inhibitors could be used to treat endometriosis and uterine leiomyomata and induce or augment ovulation.\nAromatase inhibitors promote ovulation, most likely by increasing endogenous FSH production owing to decreased estrogen biosynthesis in the ovary and extraovarian tissues, including the brain. Aromatase inhibitors differ from the estrogen antagonist clomiphene citrate in that they do not exert a direct unfavorable effect on endometrial growth and development during the menstrual cycle.\nHealey et al. (1) report important findings on the effects of the addition of an aromatase inhibitor to gonadotropin injections for superovulation. A relatively large number of patients and a control group were studied, and several clinically useful outcomes including pregnancy rates were reported.\nThe addition of letrozole to an ovulation induction regimen using injectable gonadotropins in a mixed population of patients with infertility does not seem to offer any benefits over gonadotropin-only cycles, because the decreased gonadotropin dose (the only apparent benefit) was offset by increased complexity of the treatment. Further randomized clinical trials using a similar design and patient sample may not provide clinically useful data. On the other hand, optimization of this regimen (gonadotropin plus aromatase inhibitor) in poor responders may offer an alternative in this subset of women (2).\nFrom the existing literature, it appears that use of an aromatase inhibitor alone to induce or augment ovulation will continue to be an exciting area of research future (3, 4). In particular, the dosing and timing of administration (late luteal versus early follicular) of an aromatase inhibitor for ovulation induction should be optimized. Defining the hormonal profiles of the women who will benefit the most from aromatase inhibition may further increase the success of treatment.\nIn summary, Healey et al. (1) should be congratulated for conducting this interesting work. Carefully designed randomized studies on the use of aromatase inhibitors for ovulation induction or augmentation are warranted.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"80","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1338","pageEnd":"1339","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2003.06.001","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79358713"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2003.06.001"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14667864"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q79358713"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/classification-and-pharmacology-of-progestins-rectolu90ywhbhusz/","name":"Classification and pharmacology of progestins","headline":"Classification and pharmacology of progestins","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/classification-and-pharmacology-of-progestins-rectolu90ywhbhusz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Johannes Huber","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8299-8115","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Klinische Ernährung","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036yga598"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karl-Werner Schweppe","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2617-4650","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Göttingen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y9bpm73"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jos H H Thijssen"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carlo Campagnoli","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ospedale Sant'Anna","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010d4kb47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"René Druckmann"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jorge R Pasqualini"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Adolf Eduard Schindler","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00gfym921"}}],"datePublished":"2003-12-10","abstract":"Besides the natural progestin, progesterone, there are different classes of progestins, such as retroprogesterone (i.e. dydrogesterone), progesterone derivatives (i.e. medrogestone) 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone derivatives (i.e. chlormadinone acetate, cyproterone acetate, medroxyprogesterone acetate, megestrol acetate), 19-norprogesterone derivatives (i.e. nomegestrol, promegestone, trimegestone, nesterone), 19-nortestosterone derivatives norethisterone (NET), lynestrenol, levonorgestrel, desogestrel, gestodene, norgestimate, dienogest) and spironolactone derivatives (i.e. drospirenone). Some of the synthetic progestins are prodrugs, which need to be metabolized to become active compounds. Besides the progestogenic effect, which is in common for all progestins, there is a wide range of biological effects, which are different for the various progestins and have to be taken into account, when medical treatment is considered.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"46 Suppl 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Maturitas"}},"pageStart":"S7-S16","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2003.09.014","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28190957"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.maturitas.2003.09.014"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14670641"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28190957"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/letrozole-ovulation-or-superovulation-recywekwtl6adnz7m/","name":"Letrozole: ovulation or superovulation?","headline":"Letrozole: ovulation or superovulation?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/letrozole-ovulation-or-superovulation-recywekwtl6adnz7m/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert F Casper","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6249-462X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}}],"datePublished":"2003-12-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"80","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1335-7; discussion 1339","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2003.05.004","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44687973"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2003.05.004"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14667863"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44687973"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/minimal-surgery-for-the-twisted-ischaemic-adnexa-can-preserve-ovarian-function-czcyjd2f/","name":"Minimal surgery for the twisted ischaemic adnexa can preserve ovarian function","headline":"Minimal surgery for the twisted ischaemic adnexa can preserve ovarian function","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/minimal-surgery-for-the-twisted-ischaemic-adnexa-can-preserve-ovarian-function-czcyjd2f/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"G Oelsner","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sheba Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/020rzx487"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cohen SB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Soriano D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Admon D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Mashiach","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tel Aviv University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mhzgx49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carp H"}],"datePublished":"2003-12-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Recently detorsion has replaced salpingo-oophorectomy as treatment for the twisted ischaemic adnexa. This paper asssess whether the ovary resumes normal function after preservation by detorsion.\n\nMETHODS: The results of detorsion performed between January 1988 and December 2001 were retrospectively analysed. Post-operative complications and subsequent ovarian function were assessed including: ultrasound monitoring of follicular development, adnexal appearance during subsequent surgery, and the outcome of IVF.\n\nRESULTS: A total of 102 detorsions were performed; 67 by laparoscopy, 35 by laparotomy. No patient developed thromboembolism. Post-operative fever occurred in 15% of patients after laparoscopy and 29% after laparotomy (P < 0.01). Patients were hospitalized for a mean (+/- SD) of 2.1 +/- 1.2 and 7.4 +/- 1.5 days after laparoscopy and laparotomy respectively (P < 0.001). Ultrasound showed normal follicular development in 93 and 91% of patients after detorsion by laparoscopy and laparotomy respectively. At subsequent surgery, the adnexa appeared normal in nine out of nine patients after laparoscopy and in four out of five patients after laparotomy. Four patients of the laparoscopy group and two patients of the laparotomy group underwent subsequent IVF. In all six patients oocytes retrieved from the previously ischaemic ovary were fertilized.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Detorsion with adnexal sparing is the treatment of choice for twisted ischaemic adnexa, and preferably performed by laparoscopy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"2599","pageEnd":"602","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deg498","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40545024"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/deg498"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14645177"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40545024"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/letrozole-and-gonadotropins-what-is-the-ideal-patient-protocol-jptovutp/","name":"Letrozole and gonadotropins: what is the ideal patient protocol?","headline":"Letrozole and gonadotropins: what is the ideal patient protocol?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/letrozole-and-gonadotropins-what-is-the-ideal-patient-protocol-jptovutp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Healey S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S L Tan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4065-8619","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sheffield Hallam University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/019wt1929"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M M Biljan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00arwy491"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Togas Tulandi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5253-2565","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}}],"datePublished":"2003-12-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"80","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1339","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2003.08.001","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2003.08.001"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-enigma-of-chronic-pelvic-pain-systematically-tracing-the-cause-recngxe6pqog2fojx/","name":"The Enigma of Chronic Pelvic Pain: Systematically Tracing the Cause","headline":"The Enigma of Chronic Pelvic Pain: Systematically Tracing the Cause","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-enigma-of-chronic-pelvic-pain-systematically-tracing-the-cause-recngxe6pqog2fojx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Gambone JC"}],"datePublished":"2003-12-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-letrozole-on-superovulation-with-gonadotropins-in-women-undergoing-in-toilcdsf/","name":"Effects of letrozole on superovulation with gonadotropins in women undergoing intrauterine insemination","headline":"Effects of letrozole on superovulation with gonadotropins in women undergoing intrauterine insemination","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-letrozole-on-superovulation-with-gonadotropins-in-women-undergoing-in-toilcdsf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Healey S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S L Tan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4065-8619","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sheffield Hallam University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/019wt1929"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Togas Tulandi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5253-2565","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M M Biljan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00arwy491"}}],"datePublished":"2003-12-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of letrozole in patients undergoing superovulation with gonadotropins and IUI.\n\nDESIGN: Retrospective analysis.\n\nSETTING: Academic teaching hospital.\n\nPATIENT(S): Women younger than 40 years of age with patent fallopian tubes and infertility of more than 1 year in duration who were undergoing IUI and gonadotropin therapy.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Gonadotropins alone administered from day 3 or a combination of letrozole, 5 mg/d on day 3 to 7, and gonadotropins starting on day 5 of the menstrual cycle. Ultrasonography was performed before initiation of treatment, on day 9 of menstrual cycle, and as required thereafter until the dominant follicle reached 18 mm in diameter. Ovulation was triggered with 10,000 IU of hCG, and IUI was performed 24 and 48 hours later.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Gonadotropin requirements, endometrial thickness, number of follicles, and pregnancy rate.\n\nRESULT(S): All 205 IUI treatment cycles conducted from March 2001 to March 2002 were included. Gonadotropins alone were used in 145 cycles and combination therapy was used in 60 cycles. Patients cotreated with letrozole required fewer gonadotropin administrations (median difference, 300 IU [95% confidence interval (CI), 225-375 IU]), developed more follicles larger than 14 mm (median difference, 1 follicle [95% CI, 1-2 follicles), and had a thinner endometrium (median difference, 1 mm [95% CI, 0.4-1.6 mm]). The pregnancy rate did not differ between patients using gonadotropin alone and those using gonadotropin plus letrozole (20.9% vs. 21.6%).\n\nCONCLUSION(S): The addition of letrozole to gonadotropins decreases gonadotropin requirements, increases the number of pre-ovulatory follicles and decreases endometrial thickness, without a negative effect on pregnancy rates.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"80","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1325","pageEnd":"9","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2003.03.001","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44687967"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2003.03.001"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14667860"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44687967"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/extraperitoneal-endometriosis-with-catamenial-pneumothoraces-a-review-of-the-lit-recoojpcvuat1h1ma/","name":"Extraperitoneal endometriosis with catamenial pneumothoraces: a review of the literature","headline":"Extraperitoneal endometriosis with catamenial pneumothoraces: a review of the literature","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/extraperitoneal-endometriosis-with-catamenial-pneumothoraces-a-review-of-the-lit-recoojpcvuat1h1ma/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jay Redan"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Harry Reich"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa M Roberts","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Advanced Gynecology Endoscopic Surgery, Kingston, Pennsylvania, USA."}}],"datePublished":"2003-11-25","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To present a case of recurrent catamenial pneumothorax and diaphragmatic endometriosis that was managed thoracoscopically. A review of the literature is also presented.\n\nMETHODS: A-28-year-old woman presented with bloody stools, chronic constipation, and chest pain. A review of systems was positive for monthly chest pain associated with her menses. A preoperative chest x-ray revealed a right pneumothorax. Colonoscopy revealed biopsy proven endometriosis of the sigmoid colon. A pelvic computed tomography scan revealed bilateral complex, cystic and solid adenexal lesions.\n\nRESULTS: A right thoracoscopy was performed. A lesion on the right hemidiaphragm was excised and confirmed to be endometriosis. A wedge section of lung tissue containing a bleb was resected and also contained endometriosis. Three months later, the patient underwent laparoscopic excision of her pelvic endometriosis, including a low anterior rectal resection. Five months later, she presented again with right-sided chest pain. A thoracoscopic right total pleurectomy was performed for recurrent pneumothorax.\n\nCONCLUSION: Pullmonary endometriosis may present as chest pain, shortness of breath, or hemoptysis associated with menstrual cycles. This case emphasizes the importance of a careful review of systems in patients with known endometriosis. Management now includes an endoscopic alternative and all of its known benefits.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JSLS : Journal of the Society of Laparoendoscopic Surgeons"}}},"pageStart":"371","pageEnd":"375","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34492317","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14626406"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34492317"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovarian-hyperstimulation-syndrome-recwglgkt0fw2lwbx/","name":"Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome","headline":"Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovarian-hyperstimulation-syndrome-recwglgkt0fw2lwbx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Practice Committe of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine"},{"@type":"Person","name":"The Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"American Society for Reproductive Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008x12972"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"No Authors Listed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4186-1435","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad de Granada"}}],"datePublished":"2003-11-11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"80","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1309","pageEnd":"1314","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(03)02194-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79273442"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(03)02194-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14607613"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q79273442"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-clomiphene-citrate-in-women-recrw1ivqtjgnm37o/","name":"Use of clomiphene citrate in women","headline":"Use of clomiphene citrate in women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-clomiphene-citrate-in-women-recrw1ivqtjgnm37o/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine"},{"@type":"Person","name":"The Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"American Society for Reproductive Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008x12972"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"American Society for Reproductive Medicine"}],"datePublished":"2003-11-11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"80","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1302","pageEnd":"1308","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(03)01184-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44648893"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(03)01184-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14607612"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44648893"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/21-hydroxylase-deficient-nonclassic-adrenal-hyperplasia-the-great-pretender-reccumudi859ogikf/","name":"21-hydroxylase-deficient nonclassic adrenal hyperplasia: the great pretender","headline":"21-hydroxylase-deficient nonclassic adrenal hyperplasia: the great pretender","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/21-hydroxylase-deficient-nonclassic-adrenal-hyperplasia-the-great-pretender-reccumudi859ogikf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Carlos Manuel Morán Bustos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1358-5506","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mexican Social Security Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xddgg98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ricardo Azziz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3917-0483","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008s83205"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carlos Moran","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4826-1475","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Health Research Council, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Mexico City, Mexico."}}],"datePublished":"2003-11-01","abstract":"Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects about 4 to 6% of women of reproductive age and accounts for at least 75% of hyperandrogenic patients. PCOS is diagnosed by the presence of oligo-ovulation and hyperandrogenism after the exclusion of related disorders, such as 21-hydroxylase-deficient nonclassic adrenal hyperplasia (NCAH). In turn, NCAH is a homozygous recessive disorder, diagnosed by a corticotropin-stimulated 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-HP) level greater than10 ng/mL (30.3 nmol/L) and confirmed by genotyping of the CYP21 gene. The prevalence of NCAH is approximately 50 times less than that of PCOS, affecting between 1 and 10% of hyperandrogenic women, depending on ethnicity. However, it is generally difficult to distinguish NCAH from PCOS solely on clinical grounds, as both demonstrate varying degrees of hyperandrogenism and ovulatory dysfunction. Most PCOS patients have insulin resistance, in contrast to those with NCAH. Likewise, polycystic ovaries are observed in up to 40% of NCAH patients. Both disorders have a strong familial component. The only method that allows the separation of NCAH from PCOS patients is the measurement of 17-HP levels. In conclusion, PCOS and NCAH have differences in prevalence and pathophysiology. However, because the disorders have significant clinical and hormonal similarities, the measurement of 17-HP, preferably basally as a screening method, should be incorporated into the evaluation of all hyperandrogenic patients.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Seminars in Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"295","pageEnd":"300","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2003-43307","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35573541"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1055/s-2003-43307"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14593552"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35573541"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metformin-in-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis-rec9asq0kbramvfye/","name":"Metformin in polycystic ovary syndrome: systematic review and meta-analysis","headline":"Metformin in polycystic ovary syndrome: systematic review and meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metformin-in-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis-rec9asq0kbramvfye/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan Lord","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2819-5973","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Derriford Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00v5h4y49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Flight IH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ingrid H K Flight","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Health Sciences and Nutrition","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0152bt112"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert J Norman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5333-6451","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen Elizabeth Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x362k69"}}],"datePublished":"2003-10-25","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of metformin in improving clinical and biochemical features of polycystic ovary syndrome.\n\nDESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis.\n\nDATA SOURCES: Randomised controlled trials that investigated the effect of metformin compared with either placebo or no treatment, or compared with an ovulation induction agent.\n\nSELECTION OF STUDIES: 13 trials were included for analysis, including 543 women with polycystic ovary syndrome that was defined by using biochemical or ultrasound evidence.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Pregnancy and ovulation rates. Secondary outcomes of clinical and biochemical features of polycystic ovary syndrome.\n\nRESULTS: Meta-analysis showed that metformin is effective in achieving ovulation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome, with odds ratios of 3.88 (95% confidence interval 2.25 to 6.69) for metformin compared with placebo and 4.41 (2.37 to 8.22) for metformin and clomifene compared with clomifene alone. An analysis of pregnancy rates shows a significant treatment effect for metformin and clomifene (odds ratio 4.40, 1.96 to 9.85). Metformin has an effect in reducing fasting insulin concentrations, blood pressure, and low density lipoprotein cholesterol. We found no evidence of any effect on body mass index or waist:hip ratio. Metformin was associated with a higher incidence of nausea, vomiting, and other gastrointestinal disturbance.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Metformin is an effective treatment for anovulation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Its choice as a first line agent seems justified, and there is some evidence of benefit on variables of the metabolic syndrome. No data are available regarding the safety of metformin in long term use in young women and only limited data on its safety in early pregnancy. It should be used as an adjuvant to general lifestyle improvements and not as a replacement for increased exercise and improved diet.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"327","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7421","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.)"}}},"pageStart":"951","pageEnd":"953","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.327.7421.951","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22242098"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj.327.7421.951"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14576245"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q22242098"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancy-created-using-egg-nucleus-of-infertile-woman-recokfqnitsgqrupx/","name":"Pregnancy created using egg nucleus of infertile woman","headline":"Pregnancy created using egg nucleus of infertile woman","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancy-created-using-egg-nucleus-of-infertile-woman-recokfqnitsgqrupx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"D Grady"}],"datePublished":"2003-10-14","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New York Times on the Web"},"pageStart":"A1, A2","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56931693","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14610767"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q56931693"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/iatrogenic-multiple-pregnancies-do-they-complicate-perinatal-care-recqyicmx7jenkljg/","name":"Iatrogenic multiple pregnancies. Do they complicate perinatal care?","headline":"Iatrogenic multiple pregnancies. Do they complicate perinatal care?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/iatrogenic-multiple-pregnancies-do-they-complicate-perinatal-care-recqyicmx7jenkljg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Blickstein I"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Keith L","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3671-9699","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Akron"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emmanuel Nowak","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2422-5362","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Laboratoire des Sciences et Techniques de l’Information de la Communication et de la Connaissance","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0266kfd37"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Papiernik","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}}],"datePublished":"2003-09-16","abstract":"This review addresses questions related to medicosocial concerns surrounding the care of women with multiple births and their infants. Relevant articles and texts on twin and triplet pregnancies were reviewed. Population-based data were selected for inclusion whenever possible. Relevant tables were simplified from original sources. The review clarifies obstetric and perinatal questions in a manner that is helpful to clinicians and their patients.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"48","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"601","pageEnd":"609","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/excess-mortality-and-morbidity-among-small-for-gestational-age-premature-infants-recs1pf5opwoh9str/","name":"Excess mortality and morbidity among small-for-gestational-age premature infants: a population-based study","headline":"Excess mortality and morbidity among small-for-gestational-age premature infants: a population-based study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/excess-mortality-and-morbidity-among-small-for-gestational-age-premature-infants-recs1pf5opwoh9str/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rivka Regev","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Meir Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04pc7j325"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ita Litmanovitz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9563-4441","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Meir Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04pc7j325"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shmuel Arnon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6765-1583","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Meir Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04pc7j325"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Israel Neonatal Network"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tzipora Dolfin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Meir Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04pc7j325"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ayala Lusky","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tel Aviv University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mhzgx49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brian Reichman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Meir Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04pc7j325"}}],"datePublished":"2003-09-13","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: We examined the effect of intrauterine growth restriction on mortality and morbidity in the Israel cohort of very low birth weight premature infants.\n\nMETHODS: The study population included 2764 singleton very low birth weight infants without congenital malformations born from 24 to 31 weeks of gestation during 1995 to 1999. Four hundred six (15%) were born small for gestational age (SGA). The effect of SGA on death, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and retinopathy of prematurity was assessed using multiple logistic regression analysis.\n\nRESULTS: After adjustment for perinatal risk factors, SGA infants had a 4.52-fold risk for death (95% CI, 3.24-6.33), a 3.42-fold risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (95% CI, 2.29-5.13), and a 2.06-fold risk for grade 3 to 4 retinopathy of prematurity (95% CI, 1.15-3.66).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: SGA premature infants had an increased risk for death, and major morbidity among survivors was increased.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"143","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Pediatrics"}}},"pageStart":"186","pageEnd":"191","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1067/S0022-3476(03)00181-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73934049"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1067/S0022-3476(03)00181-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12970630"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73934049"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preventing-low-birth-weight-is-prenatal-care-the-answer-rech36bmjbvzhdilw/","name":"Preventing low birth weight: is prenatal care the answer?","headline":"Preventing low birth weight: is prenatal care the answer?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preventing-low-birth-weight-is-prenatal-care-the-answer-rech36bmjbvzhdilw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M C Lu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6740-9682","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Los Angeles","sameAs":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Kotelchuck","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2667-0227","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Boston University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Halfon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7956-118X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UCLA Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01d88se56"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G R Alexander","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008s83205"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"V Tache","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Los Angeles","sameAs":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60"}}],"datePublished":"2003-09-10","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: To review the evidence of effectiveness of prenatal care for preventing low birth weight (LBW).\n\nMETHODS: We reviewed original research, systematic reviews, meta-analyses and commentaries for evidence of effectiveness of the three core components of prenatal care--risk assessment, health promotion and medical and psychosocial interventions--for preventing the two constituents of LBW: preterm birth and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR).\n\nRESULTS: Clinical risk assessment will fail to identify the majority of pregnancies at risk for preterm delivery or IUGR. While biophysical and biochemical modalities appear promising, their cost-effectiveness has not been demonstrated, nor can their routine use be recommended in the absence of effective interventions. Smoking cessation programs appear to be modestly effective. There is insufficient evidence to conclude a benefit for nutrition interventions, work counseling or preterm birth education. Only antenatal corticosteroid therapy has demonstrated a clear benefit in the tertiary prevention of preterm delivery. Interventions for which there is insufficient evidence to conclude a benefit include bed rest, hydration, sedation, cerclage, progesterone supplementation, antibiotic treatment, tocolysis without concomitant use of corticosteroids, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, psychosocial support and home visitation. Additionally, there is a paucity of evidence supporting the effectiveness of prenatal interventions, such as low-dose aspirin, bed rest, maternal hyperoxygenation, plasma volume expansion and antenatal fetal assessment, in preventing IUGR or its associated morbidity and mortality.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Neither preterm birth nor IUGR can be effectively prevented by prenatal care in its present form. Preventing LBW will require reconceptualization of prenatal care as part of a longitudinally and contextually integrated strategy to promote optimal development of women's reproductive health not only during pregnancy, but over the life course.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Maternal-fetal & Neonatal Medicine : the Official Journal of the  European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania  Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians"}}},"pageStart":"362","pageEnd":"380","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/jmf.13.6.362.380","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35214389"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/jmf.13.6.362.380"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12962261"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35214389"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/morphological-characterization-of-different-human-cervical-mucus-types-using-lig-hlqxa1fe/","name":"Morphological characterization of different human cervical mucus types using light and scanning electron microscopy","headline":"Morphological characterization of different human cervical mucus types using light and scanning electron microscopy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/morphological-characterization-of-different-human-cervical-mucus-types-using-lig-hlqxa1fe/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Micaela Menárguez","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad Católica de Murcia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05b1rsv17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pastor LM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Odeblad","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sabbatsberg Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dkvrg87"}}],"datePublished":"2003-09-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: This study was conducted on human cervical mucus using light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The objective was the morphological characterization of the different mucus types, with samples taken from the lumen of the cervix and from the different secretory zones of the cervical mucosa.\n\nMETHODS: A total of 230 samples from 195 women were spread out on slides and air dried. The phenomenon of 'ferning' was observed and assessed in these samples using both LM and SEM. Further samples from the lumen of the cervix and the different secretory crypts were spread out on cover slips and fixed with glutaraldehyde (2.5%) to be studied by SEM.\n\nRESULTS: The results show the presence of four different morphological mucus types, namely L, S, P and G, in both types of sample using dried and fixed techniques.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Mucus from the lumen of the cervix appears to be a morphologically heterogeneous entity. It contains different types of secretions, the proportions of which vary throughout the menstrual cycle. The different mucosal types show different types of crystallization, different patterns of ultrastructure (probably related to the arrangement of the glycoprotein network) and are produced in different secretory zones of the crypts in the cervix.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1782","pageEnd":"9","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deg382","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44552057"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/deg382"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12923128"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44552057"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effects-and-effectiveness-of-laparoscopic-excision-of-endometriosis-a-prospe-ksee0f6d/","name":"The effects and effectiveness of laparoscopic excision of endometriosis: a prospective study with 2-5 year follow-up","headline":"The effects and effectiveness of laparoscopic excision of endometriosis: a prospective study with 2-5 year follow-up","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effects-and-effectiveness-of-laparoscopic-excision-of-endometriosis-a-prospe-ksee0f6d/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J Abbott","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3837-6065","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Hospital for Women","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021cxfs56"}}],"datePublished":"2003-09-01","abstract":"Background: This study investigates the outcomes for women up to 5 years after laparoscopic excision of endometriosis.\n\nMethods: In this prospective observational cohort study, 254 women with chronic pelvic pain were referred to two units specializing in minimal access surgical management of endometriosis. Of these, 216 women underwent surgical assessment and 176 were confirmed to have endometriosis. Questionnaires and visual analogue scale (VAS) scores for dysmenorrhoea, non-menstrual pelvic pain, dyspareunia and dyschesia as well as quality of life instruments; the EQ-5Dindex and EQ-5Dvas, Short-Form 12 (SF-12) and sexual activity questionnaires were completed pre-operatively. Intra-operative details of revised American Fertility Society (rAFS) stage, site of disease, associated tests, duration of surgery and complications were noted. Follow-up was performed by postal questionnaire and chart review. For women who had further surgery, rAFS stage, site of disease, other procedures and histology were all recorded.\n\nResults: Pain scores were all significantly reduced at 2-5 years for dysmenorrhoea (median VAS baseline versus follow-up 2-5 years); 9 versus 3.3 (P < 0.0001), non-menstrual pelvic pain 8 versus 3 (P < 0.0001), dyspareunia 7 versus 0 (P < 0.0001) and dyschesia 7 versus 2 (P < 0.0001). Quality of life was improved for the EQ-5Dindex (P = 0.008 and the EQ-5Qvas (P = 0.03) and for sexual function with pleasure (P = 0.001) and habit (P = 0.012) being improved and discomfort being decreased (P = 0.001). The chance of requiring further surgery as determined by the Kaplan-Meier survival curve was 36%. A rAFS score of >70 was predictive of requiring further surgery (P = 0.03). Of women who had further surgery, endometriosis was found histologically in 68%.\n\nConclusions: Laparoscopic excision of endometriosis significantly reduces pain and improves quality of life for up to 5 years. The probability of requiring further surgery is 36%. Return of pain following laparoscopic excision is not always associated with clinical evidence of recurrence.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction"}}},"pageStart":"1922","pageEnd":"1927","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deg275","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35201268"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/deg275"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35201268"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/osteoporosis-what-a-clinician-expects-to-learn-from-a-patients-bone-density-exam-reckkepf3xisw86v1/","name":"Osteoporosis: What a clinician expects to learn from a patient's bone density examination","headline":"Osteoporosis: What a clinician expects to learn from a patient's bone density examination","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/osteoporosis-what-a-clinician-expects-to-learn-from-a-patients-bone-density-exam-reckkepf3xisw86v1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brian C Lentle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6433-0509","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of RadiologyUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2003-09-01","abstract":"Osteoporosis has lately become recognized as an important disease on two accounts. On one hand, demographic change has resulted in a greatly increased and increasing burden of morbidity and mortality due to osteoporotic fracturing. On the other hand, lifestyle changes and preventive measures have become recognized as important factors in prevention of both osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures, while several effective drug treatments have recently become available to treat osteoporosis by increasing bone density and reducing fracture incidence. Because bone density is, with age, the best predictor of fracture risk, its measurement has become central to the care of those potentially at risk. When a clinician refers a person for a bone density examination, the clinician should be concerned less with an \"imaging diagnosis\" than with the requirement that the laboratory has procedures in place for rigorous quality assurance and precision measurements, as well as for education of the staff involved. Implementation of these measures and an understanding of their clinical relevance in diagnosis and follow-up, as well as communication with clinicians in this context, are more important than any diagnostic insight that might be provided by \"interpreting\" a bone density study.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"228","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Radiology"}}},"pageStart":"620","pageEnd":"628","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2283020093","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q53643165"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1148/radiol.2283020093"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12954887"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q53643165"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/time-to-pregnancy-results-of-the-german-prospective-study-and-impact-on-the-mana-recjcqhgkdwvzsuro/","name":"Time to pregnancy: results of the German prospective study and impact on the  management of infertility","headline":"Time to pregnancy: results of the German prospective study and impact on the  management of infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/time-to-pregnancy-results-of-the-german-prospective-study-and-impact-on-the-mana-recjcqhgkdwvzsuro/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C Gnoth","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6329-4075","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Petra Frank-Herrmann","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0330-0741","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Gynaecological Endocrinology and Fertility Disorders, University of Heidelberg, Vossstrasse 9, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany. petra.frank-herrmann@med.uni-heidelberg.de","sameAs":"https://ror.org/038t36y30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Günter Freundl","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Godehardt"},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Godehardt","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82"}}],"datePublished":"2003-08-19","abstract":"Background: The likelihood of spontaneous conception in subsequent cycles is important for a balanced management of infertility. Previous studies on time to pregnancy are mostly retrospective and biased because of exclusion of truly infertile couples. The study aim was to present a non-parametric estimation of cumulative probabilities of conception (CPC) in natural family planning (NFP) users illustrating an ideal of human fertility potential.\n\nMethods: A total of 346 women was observed who used NFP methods to conceive from their first cycle onwards. The couples practising NFP make optimal use of their fertility potential by timed intercourse. The CPC were estimated for the total group and for couples who finally conceived by calculating Kaplan-Meier survival rates.\n\nResults: A total of 310 pregnancies occurred among the 346 women; the remaining 36 women (10.4%) did not conceive. Estimated CPC for the total group (n = 340 women) at one, three, six and 12 cycle(s) were 38, 68, 81 and 92% respectively. For those who finally conceived (truly fertile couples, n = 304 women), the respective pregnancy rates were 42, 75, 88 and 98% respectively. Although the numbers of couples in both groups were similar, the impact of age on time to conception, as judged by the Wilcoxon test, was less in the truly fertile than in the total group.\n\nConclusions: Most couples conceive within six cycles with timed intercourse. Thereafter, every second couple is probably either subfertile or infertile. CPC decline with age because heterogeneity in fecundity increases. In the subgroup of truly fertile couples, an age-dependent decline in CPC is statistically less obvious because of high homogeneity, even with advancing age.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1959","pageEnd":"1966","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deg366","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52953930"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/deg366"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12923157"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q52953930"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/uterine-and-ovarian-function-in-endometriosis-recpqp6uzhc9okxzn/","name":"Uterine and ovarian function in endometriosis","headline":"Uterine and ovarian function in endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/uterine-and-ovarian-function-in-endometriosis-recpqp6uzhc9okxzn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Nicolás Garrido","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1556-2929","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Valencian Infertility Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00gs35582"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonio Pellicer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1234-3281"},{"@type":"Person","name":"José Remohı́","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6724-2245"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carlos Simón","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5453-9659","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04drvxt59"}}],"datePublished":"2003-08-15","abstract":"Although numerous studies have attempted to elucidate the implication of endometriosis for infertility, this matter still remains unexplained. Diverse clinical approaches based on assisted reproduction techniques have produced conflicting results on this issue. Nevertheless, impairment of implantation and pregnancy rates seems to affect women who suffer from endometriosis. Whether this effect is due to alteration of the oocyte/embryo or the endometrium still remains to be elucidated, although actual data allude to deficiencies in both. Infertility due to poor quality embryos derived from impaired oocytes obtained from malfunctioning ovaries have been described by some groups. Endometrial defects have been argued by others. Adding more confusion to this topic, the influence of peritoneal fluid in women with endometriosis and/or mixed causes also needs to be considered. The aim of this review is to describe the current situation in the endometriosis-related infertility literature.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Seminars in Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"183","pageEnd":"192","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2003-41325","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35199248"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1055/s-2003-41325"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12917788"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35199248"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/future-directions-in-endometriosis-research-recw2wzwabuw8fy8r/","name":"Future directions in endometriosis research","headline":"Future directions in endometriosis research","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/future-directions-in-endometriosis-research-recw2wzwabuw8fy8r/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Julie M Hastings","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0090-6924","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Chicago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Asgerally T Fazleabas"}],"datePublished":"2003-08-15","abstract":"Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent condition that affects 5 million American women; however, its etiology is not fully understood. The development of the baboon model of endometriosis provides an extremely powerful tool to investigate the development and progression of endometriosis from the early invasive phase to the advanced established disease. The inflammatory reaction that occurs in the peritoneal cavity at the site of endometriotic lesions does not clear the refluxed endometrial fragments. Moreover, this reaction appears to promote the survival of the tissue and the development of the disease. Exploration of the interactions between peritoneal macrophages and cytotoxic T cells and endometrial cells will determine whether their ability to scavenge and induce apoptosis is altered. Determining the mechanism(s) that induces the expression of estrogen and its receptor (ERbeta) is crucial to our understanding of the progression of the disease. The effects of ERbeta activation in endometriotic lesions should be investigated. It is important to determine the effects of estrogen on the function of the immune cells, either directly or indirectly. Finally, determining the effect of events at sites of ectopic endometrium on the eutopic endometrium may elucidate the mechanism(s) of infertility associated with endometriosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Seminars in Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"255","pageEnd":"262","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2003-41331","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60432925"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1055/s-2003-41331"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12917794"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q60432925"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-and-subfertility-is-the-relationship-resolved-recqb6ovmktgwvpn4/","name":"Endometriosis and subfertility: is the relationship resolved?","headline":"Endometriosis and subfertility: is the relationship resolved?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-and-subfertility-is-the-relationship-resolved-recqb6ovmktgwvpn4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas D’Hooghe","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nuffield Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01w2zd907"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sophie Debrock"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph A Hill","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5379-1614","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christel Meuleman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9209-614X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"KU Leuven","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05f950310"}}],"datePublished":"2003-08-15","abstract":"There are many arguments to support the hypothesis that there is a causal relationship between the presence of endometriosis and subfertility. These arguments are reviewed in this article and include: (1) an increased prevalence of endometriosis in subfertile women compared with women of proven fertility; (2) a reduced monthly fecundity rate (MFR) in baboons with mild to severe (spontaneous or induced) endometriosis compared with those with minimal endometriosis or a normal pelvis; (3) a trend toward a reduced MFR in infertile women with minimal to mild endometriosis compared with women with unexplained infertility; (4) a dose-effect relationship: a negative correlation between the r-AFS stage of endometriosis and the monthly fecundity rate and crude pregnancy rate; (5) a reduced monthly fecundity rate and cumulative pregnancy rate after donor sperm insemination in women with minimal-mild endometriosis compared with those with a normal pelvis; (6) a reduced MFR after husband sperm insemination in women with minimal to mild endometriosis compared with those with a normal pelvis; (7) a reduced implantation rate per embryo after IVF in women with moderate to severe endometriosis compared with women with a normal pelvis; and (8) an increased monthly fecundity rate and cumulative pregnancy rate after surgical removal of minimal to mild endometriosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Seminars in Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"243","pageEnd":"254","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2003-41330","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35199267"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1055/s-2003-41330"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12917793"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35199267"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-association-between-osteoporotic-fractures-and-health-related-quality-of-lif-rec5phcd9p9ndviko/","name":"The association between osteoporotic fractures and health-related quality of life as measured by the Health Utilities Index in the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos)","headline":"The association between osteoporotic fractures and health-related quality of life as measured by the Health Utilities Index in the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-association-between-osteoporotic-fractures-and-health-related-quality-of-lif-rec5phcd9p9ndviko/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Ioannidis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6956-5737","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudie Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5499-2661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Hanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tassos Anastassiades","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5805-0364","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W M Hopman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3162-8754","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kingston General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03zq81960"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan Kirkland","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8182-2369","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandra Papaioannou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9412-0932","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Poliquin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Coordinating Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fzvsb30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alan Tenenhouse","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Joyce","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5701-7418","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04haebc03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1406-4251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Pickard","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Joseph's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02cmyty27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lawrence Joseph","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3321-0587","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Timothy M Murray","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7060-980X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emmanuel A Papadimitropoulos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3688-523X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eli Lilly (Canada)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p8kt313"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W P Olszynski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2834-8645","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Saskatchewan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63"}}],"datePublished":"2003-08-12","abstract":"Osteoporotic fractures can be a major cause of morbidity. It is important to determine the impact of fractures on health-related quality of life (HRQL). A total of 3,394 women and 1,122 men 50 years of age and older, who were recruited for the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos), participated in this cross-sectional study. Minimal trauma fractures of the hip, pelvis, spine, lower body (included upper and lower leg, knee, ankle, and foot), upper body (included arm, elbow, sternum, shoulder, and clavicle), wrist and hand (included forearm, hand, and finger), and ribs were studied. Participants with subclinical vertebral deformities were also examined. The Health Utilities Index Mark II and III Systems were used to assess HRQL. Past osteoporotic fractures varied in prevalence from 1.2% (pelvis) to 27.8% (lower body) in women and 0.3% (pelvis) to 29.3% (wrist) in men. Multivariate linear regression analyses [parameter estimates and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI)] indicated that minimal trauma fractures were negatively associated with HRQL and that this relationship depends on fracture type and gender. The multi-attribute scores for the Mark II system were negatively related to hip (-0.05; 95% CI: -0.09, -0.01), lower body (-0.02; 95% CI: -0.03, -0.000), and subclinical vertebral fractures (-0.02; 95% CI: -0.03, -0.00) for women. The multi-attribute scores for the Mark III system were negatively related to hip (-0.09; 95% CI: -0.14, -0.03) and rib fractures (-0.06; 95% CI: -0.11, -0.00) for women, and rib fractures (-0.06; 95% CI: -0.12, -0.00) for men. In conclusion, this study demonstrates a negative association between osteoporotic fractures and quality of life in both women and men.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Osteoporos Int"}}},"pageStart":"895","pageEnd":"904","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-003-1483-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57777493"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s00198-003-1483-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12920507"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q57777493"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mortality-and-neurologic-mental-and-psychomotor-development-at-2-years-in-infant-recmvjju3b4saqt1i/","name":"Mortality and neurologic, mental, and psychomotor development at 2 years in infants born less than 27 weeks' gestation: the Leiden follow-up project on prematurity","headline":"Mortality and neurologic, mental, and psychomotor development at 2 years in infants born less than 27 weeks' gestation: the Leiden follow-up project on prematurity","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mortality-and-neurologic-mental-and-psychomotor-development-at-2-years-in-infant-recmvjju3b4saqt1i/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Monique Rijken","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5598-7135","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Leiden University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xvt9f17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stoelhorst GM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"van Zwieten PH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jan Maarten Wit","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1715-5020"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ronald Brand","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Leiden University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xvt9f17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shirley E Martens","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Departments of Pediatrics"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gerlinde M S J Stoelhorst","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Departments of Pediatrics"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paul H T van Zwieten","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Juliana Kinderziekenhuis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047b5av97"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sylvia Veen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Departments of Pediatrics"}}],"datePublished":"2003-08-05","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine the outcome of infants with a gestational age (GA) <27 weeks, born in the mid-1990s.\n\nDESIGN: Regional, prospective study; part of the Leiden Follow-Up Project on Prematurity.\n\nSETTING: Three health regions in The Netherlands.\n\nPATIENTS: A total of 266 live born infants (1996/1997) with GA <32 weeks; 46 infants were <27 weeks.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Neurologic examination (according to Hempel) and assessment of mental and psychomotor development using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development I, at the corrected age of 2 years.\n\nRESULTS: Mortality was 35% (16 of 46) <27 weeks, compared with 6% (14 of 220) in infants with GA 27 to 32 weeks; withdrawal of treatment in 60% and 43%, respectively. Below 27 weeks mortality was higher after extra-uterine transport and pregnancy induction. Neonatal morbidity was higher in infants <27 weeks compared with infants 27 to 32 weeks. Below 27 weeks postnatal use of dexamethasone and being hospitalized at term were associated with abnormal neurologic outcome; there was a higher incidence in (mild) mental developmental delay compared with the older infants. Adverse outcome (dead or abnormal neurologic, psychomotor, or mental development) in infants 23 to 24, 25, 26, and 27 to 32 weeks GA was, respectively, 92% (11 of 12), 64% (7 of 11), 35% (8 of 23), and 18% (40 of 220).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Mortality and neonatal morbidity were higher in infants with GA <27 weeks compared with infants born between 27 and 32 weeks. The high adverse outcome of infants <25 weeks suggests that one should carefully weigh whether or not to aggressively resuscitate and treat these extremely premature infants.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"112","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Pediatrics"}}},"pageStart":"351","pageEnd":"358","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.112.2.351","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51947408"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1542/peds.112.2.351"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12897286"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q51947408"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/decreased-maximal-aerobic-capacity-with-use-of-a-triphasic-oral-contraceptive-in-rec7osnrhvodbywey/","name":"Decreased maximal aerobic capacity with use of a triphasic oral contraceptive in highly active women: a randomised controlled trial","headline":"Decreased maximal aerobic capacity with use of a triphasic oral contraceptive in highly active women: a randomised controlled trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/decreased-maximal-aerobic-capacity-with-use-of-a-triphasic-oral-contraceptive-in-rec7osnrhvodbywey/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Constance Lebrun","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7408-4521","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fowler Kennedy Sport Medicine Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03hf41361"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jack Taunton","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9627-5898","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Western University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02grkyz14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C M Lebrun","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2796-8471","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fowler Kennedy Sport Medicine Clinic 3M Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada. clebrun@uwo.ca"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Donald C McKenzie","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0400-627X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Western University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02grkyz14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M A Petit","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8390-0773","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J E Taunton","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1222-1906"}],"datePublished":"2003-08-01","abstract":"Background: Oral contraceptives are commonly used by women athletes. However, their effect on athletic performance is unclear.\n\nObjectives: To examine the effects of a moderate dose, triphasic oral contraceptive on measures of athletic performance in highly trained women athletes.\n\nMethods: This is a double blind, placebo controlled trial in 14 women with ovulatory menstrual cycles and maximal aerobic capacity (VO(2)MAX) >/==\" BORDER=\"0\">50 ml/kg/min. Four measures of athletic performance were tested: VO(2)MAX, anaerobic capacity (anaerobic speed test), aerobic endurance (time to fatigue at 90% of VO(2)MAX), and isokinetic strength (Cybex II dynamometer). Height, weight, and six skinfold measurements were also recorded. All these observational tests were completed during both the follicular and mid-luteal phases of an ovulatory menstrual cycle. Cycle phases were confirmed by assaying plasma oestradiol and progesterone. Participants were subsequently randomly assigned to either a tricyclic oral contraceptive or placebo and retested in identical fashion (oral contraceptive phase).\n\nResults: Absolute and relative changes in VO(2)MAX from follicular to oral contraceptive phase decreased in the oral contraceptive group by 4.7%, whereas the placebo group showed a slight increase (+1.5%) over the same time period. Two of the women taking oral contraceptive had decreases of 4 and 9 ml/kg/min. In contrast, most women in the placebo group improved or maintained VO(2)MAX. There was also a significant increase in the sum of skinfolds in women taking oral contraceptive compared with those taking placebo (p<0.01). There were no significant changes in other physiological variables (maximum ventilation, heart rate, respiratory exchange ratio, packed cell volume) or measures of performance (anaerobic speed test, aerobic endurance, isokinetic strength) as a function of oral contraceptive treatment.\n\nConclusions: The decrease in VO(2)MAX that occurs when oral contraceptive is taken may influence elite sporting performance in some women. Further studies are required to determine the mechanisms of this change.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"37","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Br J Sports Med"}}},"pageStart":"315","pageEnd":"320","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.37.4.315","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35326755"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bjsm.37.4.315"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12893716"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35326755"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometrial-abnormalities-in-infertile-women-rec3omm7ux4gj5o93/","name":"Endometrial abnormalities in infertile women","headline":"Endometrial abnormalities in infertile women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometrial-abnormalities-in-infertile-women-rec3omm7ux4gj5o93/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kase H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sugaya S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fujita K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Kurabayashi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3633-821X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Niigata University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04ww21r56"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Suzuki","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1833-3092","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tohoku University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dq60k83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kenjiro Tanaka","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3098-4760","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aichi Gakuin University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01rwx7470"}}],"datePublished":"2003-07-15","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To analyze retrospectively the frequency, long-term prognosis and pregnancy rate in infertile women diagnosed with endometrial hyperplasia or carcinoma by endometrial biopsy.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: From 1989 to 2000, endometrial biopsies were performed on 2,573 patients to investigate the cause of infertility. The main outcome measures were frequency, long-term prognosis and pregnancy rate for patients with each type of endometrial abnormality.\n\nRESULTS: Twenty-four patients (0.93%) were diagnosed with an endometrial abnormality. Of them, 10 were diagnosed with simple hyperplasia, 7 with complex hyperplasia, 3 with complex hyperplasia with atypia and 4 with endometrial carcinoma. All 4 patients (0.16%) with endometrial carcinoma were infertile as a result of complications arising from polycystic ovary syndrome. Two of them underwent hysterectomies. High-dose medroxyprogesterone acetate therapy combined with assisted reproductive technology resulted in pregnancy in 1 of the 2 patients with endometrial carcinoma.\n\nCONCLUSION: Of infertile women, 0.93% have endometrial abnormalities, and those with polycystic ovary syndrome have a high risk of endometrial carcinoma. Assisted reproductive technology combined with high-dose medroxyprogesterone acetate may be effective means of overcoming infertility, allowing women with endometrial carcinoma to readily achieve pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"48","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"455","pageEnd":"459","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/couples-views-of-the-effects-of-natural-family-planning-on-marital-dynamics-recc4y6nkst7famhw/","name":"Couples' views of the effects of natural family planning on marital dynamics","headline":"Couples' views of the effects of natural family planning on marital dynamics","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/couples-views-of-the-effects-of-natural-family-planning-on-marital-dynamics-recc4y6nkst7famhw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Vande Vusse L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leona VandeVusse","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa Hanson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9623-579X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amy R. Newman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7705-6163","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Children's Hospital of Wisconsin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/049cbmb74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jaime Fox","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1254-7065","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amy Newman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1139-2508","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NASA Goddard Space Flight Center"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leona Vande Vusse","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nurse-Midwifery Program, College of Nursing, Marquette University, P.O. Box 1881, Milwaukee, WI 53201-1881, USA."}}],"datePublished":"2003-07-12","abstract":"Purpose: Natural Family Planning (NFP) requires periodic abstinence and partner cooperation to prevent pregnancy. The aim of this study was to learn about the effects of modern NFP methods on marital relationships.\nDesign: Descriptive survey.\n\nMethods: Questionnaires were mailed to 1,400 randomly selected couples known to use NFP and residing in the United States of America; 334 couples (24%) responded. Content analysis was used to identify meanings and themes. Numeric analyses were used to determine frequencies.\n\nFindings: Nearly two-thirds of the qualitative comments were positive. Four themes were identified in the positive responses: relationship enhancements, knowledge improvements, spirituality enrichments, and method successes. Three negative themes were identified: strained sexual interactions, worsened relationships, and method problems. Although about one-fourth of the comments indicated that NFP presented challenges, the majority (74%) found it beneficial, often resulting in stronger bonds, better communication, and improved knowledge.\n\nConclusions: NFP had more positive than negative effects and its use warrants further consideration.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"35","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Nursing Scholarship : an Official Publication of Sigma Theta Tau  International Honor Society of Nursing"}}},"pageStart":"171","pageEnd":"176","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1547-5069.2003.00171.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73647531"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1547-5069.2003.00171.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12854299"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73647531"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estrogen-in-the-adult-male-reproductive-tract-a-review-ffpjnkty/","name":"Estrogen in the adult male reproductive tract: a review","headline":"Estrogen in the adult male reproductive tract: a review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estrogen-in-the-adult-male-reproductive-tract-a-review-ffpjnkty/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hess RA"}],"datePublished":"2003-07-09","abstract":"Testosterone and estrogen are no longer considered male only and female only hormones. Both hormones are important in both sexes. It was known as early as the 1930's that developmental exposure to a high dose of estrogen causes malformation of the male reproductive tract, but the early formative years of reproductive biology as a discipline did not recognize the importance of estrogen in regulating the normal function of the adult male reproductive tract. In the adult testis, estrogen is synthesized by Leydig cells and the germ cells, producing a relatively high concentration in rete testis fluid. Estrogen receptors are present in the testis, efferent ductules and epididymis of most species. However, estrogen receptor-alpha is reported absent in the testis of a few species, including man. Estrogen receptors are abundant in the efferent ductule epithelium, where their primary function is to regulate the expression of proteins involved in fluid reabsorption. Disruption of the alpha-receptor, either in the knockout (alphaERKO) or by treatment with a pure antiestrogen, results in dilution of cauda epididymal sperm, disruption of sperm morphology, inhibition of sodium transport and subsequent water reabsorption, increased secretion of Cl-, and eventual decreased fertility. In addition to this primary regulation of luminal fluid and ion transport, estrogen is also responsible for maintaining a differentiated epithelial morphology. Thus, we conclude that estrogen or its alpha-receptor is an absolute necessity for fertility in the male.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E"}},"pageStart":"52","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7827-1-52","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21093256"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1186/1477-7827-1-52"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12904263"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q21093256"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cyclicity-of-breast-tenderness-and-night-time-vasomotor-symptoms-in-mid-life-wom-recxdgl3kqppmrzvg/","name":"Cyclicity of breast tenderness and night-time vasomotor symptoms in mid-life  women: information collected using the Daily Perimenopause Diary","headline":"Cyclicity of breast tenderness and night-time vasomotor symptoms in mid-life  women: information collected using the Daily Perimenopause Diary","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cyclicity-of-breast-tenderness-and-night-time-vasomotor-symptoms-in-mid-life-wom-recxdgl3kqppmrzvg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Georgina E. Hale","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Health Research Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0455vfz21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine L Hitchcock","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation Research, Division of Endocrinology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y M Vigna","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8840-192X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lucy A Williams","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4439-1887"}],"datePublished":"2003-07-05","abstract":"Objective: The purpose was to explore cyclicity of breast tenderness and vasomotor symptoms in menstruating mid-life women using the Daily Perimenopause Diary.\n\nMethods: Untreated mid-life women from a convenience sample completed the Daily Perimenopause Diary for clinical (n = 14) or research (n = 10) assessments. Breast tenderness, sleep disturbance and day and night vasomotor intensity were rated on a 0-4 scale with vasomotor number as a count. Daily oral temperature data were analyzed using the Quantitative Basal Temperature algorithm to assess ovulation and estimate luteal phase length. Analysis of variance tested cyclicity using the mean of three 3-day windows (during flow, at mid-cycle and premenstrually).\n\nResults: Ninety-eight complete flow-to-flow diaries (from 24 women, mean age 47 years, cycle length 27 +/- 6.4 (standard deviation) days) were available, with quantitative temperature data for 60 cycles in 16 women. Of assessed cycles, 90% were ovulatory; 25% had luteal phases < 10 days. Breast tenderness was maximal in the premenstrual window overall (p < 0.0001) and in the ovulatory subset. Night sweats were maximal premenstrually (p = 0.0035) except in anovulatory cycles. Daytime flushes were not cyclic (p = 0.1333) except in ovulatory cycles (p = 0.031).\n\nConclusion: Daily Perimenopause Diaries from mid-life women show premenstrual increases in breast tenderness and night sweats.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Climacteric : the Journal of the International Menopause Society"}}},"pageStart":"128","pageEnd":"139","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/uncertainty-in-estimating-the-day-of-ovulation-causes-overestimation-of-the-role-recqbxxugjpmolp9j/","name":"Uncertainty in estimating the day of ovulation causes overestimation of the role of ovulation disturbance on the effectiveness of the Yuzpe method of emergency contraception","headline":"Uncertainty in estimating the day of ovulation causes overestimation of the role of ovulation disturbance on the effectiveness of the Yuzpe method of emergency contraception","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/uncertainty-in-estimating-the-day-of-ovulation-causes-overestimation-of-the-role-recqbxxugjpmolp9j/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rafael Mikolajczyk","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1271-7204","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bielefeld University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02hpadn98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J A Spinnato","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Cincinnati Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02p72h367"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2003-07-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"68","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"69-70; author reply 70-1","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0010-7824(03)00100-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44523888"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0010-7824(03)00100-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12878291"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44523888"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reproductive-medicine-and-violation-of-the-free-exercise-clause-of-the-united-st-recscemsfdwn8iehh/","name":"Reproductive medicine and violation of the \"free exercise\" clause of the United States Constitution","headline":"Reproductive medicine and violation of the \"free exercise\" clause of the United States Constitution","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reproductive-medicine-and-violation-of-the-free-exercise-clause-of-the-united-st-recscemsfdwn8iehh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute for Human Reproduction","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2003-06-24","abstract":"Over the years of my involvement in obstetrics and gynecology, and reproductive medicine and surgery I have had the opportunity to see, first hand, how the religious liberties of individual physicians, medical students, nurses, patients, etc., have been violated by the contemporary trends in reproductive medicine. Since the advent of oral contraceptives, the practice of obstetrics and gynecology as it relates to procreative medicine has dramatically changed. Contraception, sterilization, abortion and in vitro fertilization are the foundation upon which reproductive medicine decision making is made. These decisions are often made with a \"steam roller effect\" which is completely devoid of any consent from those who are impacted by the implementation of those decisions. It has been an interesting series of events to watch over these years as the profession has become less and less diagnostically attuned and more and more \"band aid\" oriented. The birth control pill is used for the treatment of almost every gynecologic malady known, even though it cures none of them. Family physicians, internists, pediatricians and others tend to follow the same approach as their OB-GYN colleagues. With in vitro fertilization, instead of finding out what the underlying cause of one's infertility or reproductive problem might be, there is a \"jumping over\" of the underlying causes (the diseases) and a pursuit directly to a solution which first of all is very expensive, second, is not very effective and third, is considered to be highly immoral and unethical by many people in our society.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"69","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"79","pageEnd":"86","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/20508549.2002.11877634","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q53383458"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/20508549.2002.11877634"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12817595"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q53383458"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevention-of-recurrent-preterm-delivery-by-17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone-caproat-recvhgfkwzcb4tcjl/","name":"Prevention of recurrent preterm delivery by 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate","headline":"Prevention of recurrent preterm delivery by 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevention-of-recurrent-preterm-delivery-by-17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone-caproat-recvhgfkwzcb4tcjl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"Meis PJ, Klebanoff M, Thom E, Dombrowski MP, Sibai B, Moawad AH, Spong CY, Hauth JC, Miodovnik M, Varner MW, Leveno KJ, Caritis SN, Iams JD, Wapner RJ, Conway D, O'Sullivan MJ, Carpenter M, Mercer B, Ramin SM, Thorp JM, Peaceman AM, Gabbe S"}],"datePublished":"2003-06-13","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Women who have had a spontaneous preterm delivery are at greatly increased risk for preterm delivery in subsequent pregnancies. The results of several small trials have suggested that 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17P) may reduce the risk of preterm delivery.\n\nMETHODS: We conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving pregnant women with a documented history of spontaneous preterm delivery. Women were enrolled at 19 clinical centers at 16 to 20 weeks of gestation and randomly assigned by a central data center, in a 2:1 ratio, to receive either weekly injections of 250 mg of 17P or weekly injections of an inert oil placebo; injections were continued until delivery or to 36 weeks of gestation. The primary outcome was preterm delivery before 37 weeks of gestation. Analysis was performed according to the intention-to-treat principle.\n\nRESULTS: Base-line characteristics of the 310 women in the progesterone group and the 153 women in the placebo group were similar. Treatment with 17P significantly reduced the risk of delivery at less than 37 weeks of gestation (incidence, 36.3 percent in the progesterone group vs. 54.9 percent in the placebo group; relative risk, 0.66 [95 percent confidence interval, 0.54 to 0.81]), delivery at less than 35 weeks of gestation (incidence, 20.6 percent vs. 30.7 percent; relative risk, 0.67 [95 percent confidence interval, 0.48 to 0.93]), and delivery at less than 32 weeks of gestation (11.4 percent vs. 19.6 percent; relative risk, 0.58 [95 percent confidence interval, 0.37 to 0.91]). Infants of women treated with 17P had significantly lower rates of necrotizing enterocolitis, intraventricular hemorrhage, and need for supplemental oxygen.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Weekly injections of 17P resulted in a substantial reduction in the rate of recurrent preterm delivery among women who were at particularly high risk for preterm delivery and reduced the likelihood of several complications in their infants.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"348","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"2379","pageEnd":"2385","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa035140","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28178563"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJMoa035140"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12802023"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28178563"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-and-preterm-delivery--deja-vu-all-over-again-recmciwsh4mwk34jm/","name":"Progesterone and preterm delivery--deja vu all over again","headline":"Progesterone and preterm delivery--deja vu all over again","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-and-preterm-delivery--deja-vu-all-over-again-recmciwsh4mwk34jm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael F Greene","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6468-354X"}],"datePublished":"2003-06-13","abstract":"It has become almost a platitude to lament the complexity and intractability of the problem of preterm delivery, the poor predictive value of screening tests for its occurrence, its resistance to attempted interventions, and its increasing rate.1 Preterm delivery is more common among blacks, the poor, the unmarried, cigarette smokers, underweight women, women with multiple gestations, women with uterine anomalies, women with a history of previous preterm delivery, and women without prenatal care. Although the perinatal mortality rate due to prematurity has decreased dramatically during the past three decades, this reduction has resulted from improvements in perinatal and pediatric care . . .","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"348","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"2453","pageEnd":"2455","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMe030081","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44475174"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJMe030081"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12802032"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44475174"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-monitoring-of-ovarian-activity-using-the-ovarian-monitor-part-i-validat-rece4ppo810lc5cvc/","name":"Hormonal monitoring of ovarian activity using the Ovarian Monitor, part I.  Validation of home and laboratory results obtained during ovulatory cycles by  comparison with radioimmunoassay","headline":"Hormonal monitoring of ovarian activity using the Ovarian Monitor, part I.  Validation of home and laboratory results obtained during ovulatory cycles by  comparison with radioimmunoassay","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-monitoring-of-ovarian-activity-using-the-ovarian-monitor-part-i-validat-rece4ppo810lc5cvc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"James B. Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7414-6809","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Melbourne","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Catherine d’Arcangues","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"World Health Organization","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01f80g185"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leonard F Blackwell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massey University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052czxv31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Catherine d'Arcangues","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Special Programme of Research, Development, and Research Training in Human Reproduction, Geneva, Switzerland. darcanguesc@who.ch"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Barbara Gross","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7675-7622","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UNICEF"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1406-4251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Saulat Sufi"}],"datePublished":"2003-06-12","abstract":"A study was conducted to determine the accuracy and reliability of the Home Ovarian Monitor for measuring estrone glucuronide (E1G) and pregnanediol glucuronide (PdG) during ovulatory cycles as a means of monitoring ovarian activity. Approximately 60 ovulating women in three centres collected timed specimens of urine (3h or more) for a total of six cycles each. The women measured the E1G and PdG excretion per 24h in their urine specimens using the Monitor. A local laboratory using the Monitor also measured the excretion. Urine specimens from 18 to 19 cycles were sent frozen to the WHO Reference Laboratory in London where they were analysed for E1G and PdG by the Monitor and by radioimmunoassay (RIA). The correlation coefficients between the Monitor and radioimmunoassay results obtained in London were better than 0.84 in 80% of the cycles. A urine bias caused the Monitor E1G results to be higher than those obtained by radioimmunoassay but the daily patterns were the same. In 50% of the cycles, this bias caused a delay of up to 3 days in identifying the beginning of the E1G rise compared with radioimmunoassay. Timing of the preovulatory E1G peak and the postovulatory PdG rise agreed within the experimental errors of the two systems. The study confirmed that women using the Monitor at home obtained results that were as accurate as those obtained by laboratory procedures. Careful supervision was required to maintain laboratory levels of quality control and interpretation of results.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"68","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Steroids"}}},"pageStart":"465","pageEnd":"476","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0039-128x(03)00049-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44472921"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0039-128x(03)00049-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12798498"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44472921"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relation-of-intra-abdominal-fat-distribution-to-metabolic-disorders-in-nonobese--reck6hlglta3iypb9/","name":"Relation of intra-abdominal fat distribution to metabolic disorders in nonobese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"Relation of intra-abdominal fat distribution to metabolic disorders in nonobese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relation-of-intra-abdominal-fat-distribution-to-metabolic-disorders-in-nonobese--reck6hlglta3iypb9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Basak Yildirim","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8925-2356","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey. basakyildirim@hotmail.com"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nuran Sabir","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3412-7355","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pamukkale University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01etz1309"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Babur Kaleli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5122-9329","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pamukkale University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01etz1309"}}],"datePublished":"2003-06-12","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relation between intra-abdominal fat distribution and metabolic disorders in nonobese patients with the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).\n\nDESIGN: Prospective case-control study.\n\nSETTING: University-based hospital.\n\nPATIENT(S): Thirty nonobese patients with PCOS and 30 lean women with regular menstrual cycles (controls). All participants had a body mass index < 25kg/m(2).\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Subcutaneous and intra-abdominal visceral and preperitoneal fat thicknesses were assessed by ultrasonography. Glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity were evaluated by standard 75-g oral glucose tolerance test and area-under-the-curve analysis. Serum hormones and lipid profile were measured.\n\nRESULT(S): The mean preperitoneal and visceral fat thicknesses were significantly greater in nonobese patients with PCOS. Subcutaneous fat mass was similar between the PCOS and control groups. Nonobese patients with PCOS had glucose intolerance, hyperinsulinemia, and dyslipidemia, manifested by high serum levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels and low serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels. No correlation existed between subcutaneous fat thickness and the metabolic variables in nonobese patients with PCOS. However, serum triglyceride levels correlated with visceral fat and preperitoneal fat thickness. The mean HDL level correlated negatively with visceral fat and preperitoneal fat thickness. The area under the curve for insulin and mean fasting insulin levels correlated positively with visceral fat thickness. In multiple regression analysis, visceral fat thickness contributed significantly to high serum triglyceride and fasting insulin levels.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Intra-abdominal preperitoneal and visceral fat accumulation may contribute to the development of glucose and lipid metabolism disorders in nonobese patients with PCOS.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"79","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1358","pageEnd":"1364","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(03)00265-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44473192"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(03)00265-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12798883"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44473192"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/do-assisted-reproductive-technologies-cause-adverse-fetal-outcomes-recjpsiyffjixjbfx/","name":"Do assisted reproductive technologies cause adverse fetal outcomes?","headline":"Do assisted reproductive technologies cause adverse fetal outcomes?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/do-assisted-reproductive-technologies-cause-adverse-fetal-outcomes-recjpsiyffjixjbfx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Paolo Rinaudo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6528-6009","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pennsylvania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christos Coutifaris","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pennsylvania Health System","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04h81rw26"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"George Kovalevsky","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Michigan Reproductive Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05kn06p84"}}],"datePublished":"2003-06-12","abstract":"Treatment for infertility using assisted reproductive technologies (ART) is highly successful and has been used to help a steadily growing number of couples worldwide. In 1999, in the United States, more than 86,000 treatment cycles were performed resulting in the birth of more than 30,000 babies. Despite this widespread application, few follow-up studies of children conceived through ART have been performed, and more rigorous investigation of this important issue has clearly been needed. In recent months, three studies linking ART with several complications have been published in high profile and widely read general medical journals: Schieve et al. (1) reported that singletons conceived using ART were at an increased risk for low birth weight, whereas Hansen et al. (2) suggested an increased risk of major birth defects. Finally, Stromberg et al. (3) concluded that children conceived through IVF have an increased risk of neurological problems, especially cerebral palsy.\nThe importance of these studies is obvious as they provide clues of possible risks associated with ART. However, they are all retrospective analyses of data collected through registries and therefore are vulnerable to biases inherent to such study design. We must be careful not to overinterpret the data by concluding that the use of ART, whether from gamete or embryo manipulation or use of medications, is the direct cause of the complications—the observed associations may simply be explained by one or more confounders, such as an underlying infertility-related condition in the treated women. This short communication is an attempt to place these three articles in proper perspective for the clinician and to provide the impetus for conducting further studies to determine the true nature of the described associations.\nAt the outset, it should be stated that a major weakness of all three studies is the lack of proper controls. If the aim of a study is to determine whether a cause and effect relationship exists between the process of IVF and a specific outcome (i.e., low birth weight, major birth defects, neurological problems), the appropriate control population is that of babies born to infertile women achieving pregnancies by methods other than IVF. None of the three studies specifically included such a control population.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"79","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1270","pageEnd":"1272","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(03)00397-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73507607"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(03)00397-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12798870"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73507607"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vulvar-mucus-observations-and-the-probability-of-pregnancy-recuqx6icnqujjewu/","name":"Vulvar mucus observations and the probability of pregnancy","headline":"Vulvar mucus observations and the probability of pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vulvar-mucus-observations-and-the-probability-of-pregnancy-recuqx6icnqujjewu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"David B Dunson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ken R Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0682-3705","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2003-06-12","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To assess the day-specific and cycle-specific probabilities of conception leading to clinical pregnancy, in relation to the timing of intercourse and vulvar mucus observations.\n\nMETHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study of women beginning use of the Creighton Model Fertility Care System in Missouri, Nebraska, Kansas, and California. Data were abstracted from Creighton Model Fertility Care System records, including women's daily standardized vulvar observations of cervical mucus discharge, days of intercourse, and clinically evident pregnancy (conception). Established statistical models were used to estimate day-specific probabilities of conception.\n\nRESULTS: Data were analyzed from 1681 cycles with 81 conceptions from 309 normally fertile couples (initially seeking to avoid pregnancy) and from 373 cycles with 30 conceptions from 117 subfertile couples (who were initially trying to achieve pregnancy). The highest probability of pregnancy occurred on the peak day of vulvar mucus observation (.38 for normally fertile couples and.14 for subfertile couples). The probability of pregnancy was greater than.05 for normally fertile couples from 3 days before to 2 days after the peak, and for subfertile couples from 1 day before to 1 day after the peak. The cycle-specific probability of conception correlated with the quality of mucus discharge in normally fertile couples but not in subfertile couples.\n\nCONCLUSION: Standardized vulvar observations of vaginal mucus discharge identify the days with the greatest likelihood of conception from intercourse in normal fertility and subfertility and provide an indicator of the overall potential for conception in a given menstrual cycle in normal fertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"101","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1285","pageEnd":"1293","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(03)00358-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45123023"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0029-7844(03)00358-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12798538"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q45123023"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/subcutaneous-versus-intramuscular-administration-of-human-chorionic-gonadotropin-recmtglqixrv7oyh6/","name":"Subcutaneous versus intramuscular administration of human chorionic gonadotropin during an in vitro fertilization cycle","headline":"Subcutaneous versus intramuscular administration of human chorionic gonadotropin during an in vitro fertilization cycle","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/subcutaneous-versus-intramuscular-administration-of-human-chorionic-gonadotropin-recmtglqixrv7oyh6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J. Stelling","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04drvxt59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Frankfurter","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7393-1485","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05gq02987"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Doria Harris","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Selwyn P Oskowitz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0749-095X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emily T Chapman"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard H Reindollar","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Boston IVF","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xckek43"}}],"datePublished":"2003-05-17","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To confirm that hCG levels in follicular fluid and serum would be comparable between i.m. and s.c. administration of purified hCG.\n\nDESIGN: In a prospective study, serum and follicular fluid levels of hCG after an i.m. or s.c. injection of 10,000 IU of hCG were evaluated 36 hours after injection, that is, at the time of oocyte retrieval.\n\nSETTING: This study was carried out in a university-affiliated IVF program.\n\nPATIENT(S): Forty women undergoing oocyte retrieval were entered into the study at the time of egg retrieval, that is, 36 hours after hCG administration.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): S.c. or i.m. injection of hCG.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Serum and follicular fluid concentrations of hCG were evaluated 36 hours after injection at the time of oocyte retrieval.\n\nRESULT(S): There was a significantly higher serum hCG level in the s.c. group (348.6 +/- 98 IU/L) vs. the i.m. group (259.0 +/- 115 IU/L) and a significantly higher follicular fluid hCG level in the s.c. vs. the i.m. group (233.5 +/- 85 vs. 143.4 +/- 134 IU/L).\n\nCONCLUSION(S): After purified hCG administration via the s.c. route, both serum and follicular fluid levels are greater compared with the i.m. route.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"79","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"881","pageEnd":"885","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(02)04918-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34197194"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(02)04918-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12749424"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34197194"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/success-of-laparoscopic-ovarian-wedge-resection-is-related-to-obesity-lipid-prof-recjlg2r6m4lfq0vu/","name":"Success of laparoscopic ovarian wedge resection is related to obesity, lipid  profile, and insulin levels","headline":"Success of laparoscopic ovarian wedge resection is related to obesity, lipid  profile, and insulin levels","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/success-of-laparoscopic-ovarian-wedge-resection-is-related-to-obesity-lipid-prof-recjlg2r6m4lfq0vu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Antoni J Duleba","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1419-6502","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yale University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03v76x132"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Beata Banaszewska","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8492-7871","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Poznan University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02zbb2597"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert Spaczyński","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4306-6590","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Poznan University of Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02zbb2597"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leszek Pawelczyk","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3309-3269"}],"datePublished":"2003-05-17","abstract":"Objective: To evaluate the effects of laparoscopic ovarian wedge resection on hormonal and metabolic parameters of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and to compare profiles of women who achieved pregnancy with those who did not.\nDesign: Prospective study.\nSetting: University hospital. PATIENT(S): Thirty-three women with PCOS. INTERVENTION(S): Laparoscopic ovarian wedge resection using harmonic scalpel. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Pregnancy; levels of testosterone, DHEAS, gonadotropins, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and glucose and insulin during 2-hour glucose tolerance test; lipid profile; body mass index; and waist-to-hip ratio. RESULT(S): Twenty-two women (67%) achieved clinical pregnancy within the mean of 4.9 months after surgery. Baseline parameters of women who became pregnant differed from those who did not: those who became pregnant were less obese, had lower levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides; higher levels of SHBG; lower levels of fasting insulin; lower insulin area under the curve; and higher insulin sensitivity index. Subjects not pregnant by 12 weeks after surgery underwent repeat endocrine and metabolic evaluations. In these women, wedge resection was followed by declines in testosterone, LH, and insulin sensitivity index. Wedge resection had no significant effect on SHBG, DHEAS, or lipid profile. CONCLUSION(S): Laparoscopic wedge resections are associated with the highest pregnancy rates among less obese subjects with favorable lipid profiles and lower insulin. In this study, the postoperative decline of serum testosterone and LH is not attributable to improvement of insulin sensitivity.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"79","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1008","pageEnd":"1014","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(02)04848-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44442568"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(02)04848-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12749446"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44442568"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metformin-has-direct-effects-on-human-ovarian-steroidogenesis-rec69wbgksahllrxs/","name":"Metformin has direct effects on human ovarian steroidogenesis","headline":"Metformin has direct effects on human ovarian steroidogenesis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metformin-has-direct-effects-on-human-ovarian-steroidogenesis-rec69wbgksahllrxs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"David R. Hole","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St George's, University of London","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040f08y74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mark Brincat","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Renal Research Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/032g46r36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ray Galea","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8783-5689","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Malta","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03a62bv60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rebecca Mansfield","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6697-8687","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Frimley Park Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03c75ky76"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Helen Mason","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3115-534X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St George's, University of London","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040f08y74"}}],"datePublished":"2003-05-17","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To investigate the possibility of direct effects of metformin on ovarian steroidogenesis.\n\nDESIGN: Cultured ovarian cells.\n\nSETTING: Academic research environment.\n\nPATIENT(S): Women undergoing bilateral salpingoophorectomy for benign gynecological disease.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Estradiol and P were measured in granulosa cell (GC) conditioned medium and androstenedione (A) and P in theca conditioned medium.\n\nRESULT(S): The effect of addition of metformin alone to GCs was variable, but significant inhibition of both P and E2 was seen (range 0%-30%). Metformin dose-dependently inhibited gonadotrophin and insulin-stimulated P and E2 production (range 25%-50%). In theca, metformin inhibited A production (0%-40%) with no effect on P. In the presence of insulin, A was inhibited dose-dependently and P increased by a similar magnitude.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): These results demonstrate a direct effect of metformin on ovarian steroidogenesis. The inhibitory effects on androgen production in particular would be beneficial in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"79","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"956","pageEnd":"962","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(02)04925-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44442558"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(02)04925-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12749437"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44442558"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-recombinant-human-chorionic-gonadotropin-in-ovulation-induction-rech8xfxa3osvy32w/","name":"Use of recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin in ovulation induction","headline":"Use of recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin in ovulation induction","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-recombinant-human-chorionic-gonadotropin-in-ovulation-induction-rech8xfxa3osvy32w/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathleen M Doody"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael Ludwig","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Endokrinologikum","sameAs":"https://ror.org/051nfce45"}}],"datePublished":"2003-05-10","abstract":"To review the use of hCG and to describe the clinical benefit of recombinant hCG (r-hCG) based on the published results of prospective, randomized studies. Review of published articles. Tertiary infertility care center.None.None. Oocyte number and quality, luteal phase progesterone, pregnancy and OHSS rate, and local tolerability. The published data consistently show that single doses of 250 microg r-hCG and 5,000 IU urinary (u)-hCG produce similar clinical outcomes when used in infertility treatment cycles for timed intercourse, IUI, and IVF in terms of the number of oocytes retrieved, number of mature oocytes harvested, and fertilization and pregnancy rates attained. Single doses of 10,000 IU u-hCG also gave results comparable to single doses of 250 microg r-hCG. P levels in the midluteal phase were significantly higher with the use of r-hCG compared with u-hCG, and local injection site adverse effects were significantly less frequent, demonstrating the higher purity of the recombinant product. A single 500-microg dose of r-hCG led to a higher rate of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome compared with a 250-microg dose, with no significant improvement in pregnancy rates.A single dose of 250 microg r-hCG was at least as effective as single doses of 5,000 or 10,000 IU u-hCG but offered the advantages associated with use of a recombinant product: local injection site adverse effects were significantly less frequent with r-hCG than with u-hCG.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"79","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1051","pageEnd":"1059","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(03)00173-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35124271"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(03)00173-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12738494"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35124271"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cryopreserved-embryos-in-the-united-states-and-their-availability-for-research-rechkpdoa84gsjhn0/","name":"Cryopreserved embryos in the United States and their availability for research","headline":"Cryopreserved embryos in the United States and their availability for research","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cryopreserved-embryos-in-the-united-states-and-their-availability-for-research-rechkpdoa84gsjhn0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C Christine Fair","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6240-3863","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"RAND Corporation","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f2z7n96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacob Mayer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2598-7326","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jones Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01g73y611"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"William E Gibbons","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9619-3331","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jones Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01g73y611"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Turner TG Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas G Turner"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Society for Assisted Reproduction Technology (SART) and RAND"},{"@type":"Person","name":"David I Hoffman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Reproductive Biology Associates","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05jtv2231"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joyce G Zeitz"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gail L Zellman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"RAND Corporation","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f2z7n96"}}],"datePublished":"2003-05-10","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine the number of embryos stored at assisted reproductive technology (ART) clinics in the United States and their current disposition.\n\nDESIGN: A targeted survey instrument sent by the SART-RAND team to all medical practices providing in vitro fertilization services in the United States.\n\nRESULTS: The SART-RAND team surveyed all 430 ART practices in the United States. Of these practices, 340 returned surveys for analysis. The data from these surveys were merged with data taken from the 1999 SART dataset, which contains information about practice size and success rates. Responding clinics reported a total of 396,526 embryos in storage as of April 11, 2002. The vast majority of the embryos (88.2%) were targeted for patient use. Small numbers of embryos were available for research, donation, destruction, quality assurance, or other uses.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Nearly 400,000 embryos are stored in the United States, the majority of which (88.2%) are targeted for patient use. Few are available for research (2.8%), limiting possible conversion into embryonic stem cell lines.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"79","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1063","pageEnd":"1069","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(03)00172-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47924715"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(03)00172-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12738496"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47924715"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/acog-practice-bulletin-clinical-management-guidelines-for-obstetrician-gynecolog-recphnc0pzbymeq2b/","name":"ACOG Practice Bulletin. Clinical management guidelines for obstetrician-gynecologist. Number 43, May 2003. Management of preterm labor","headline":"ACOG Practice Bulletin. Clinical management guidelines for obstetrician-gynecologist. Number 43, May 2003. Management of preterm labor","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/acog-practice-bulletin-clinical-management-guidelines-for-obstetrician-gynecolog-recphnc0pzbymeq2b/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"ACOG Committee on Practice Bulletins. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologist"},{"@type":"Person","name":"ACOG","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7450-1543","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen"}}],"datePublished":"2003-05-10","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"101","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5 Pt 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1039","pageEnd":"1047","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(03)00395-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35124077"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0029-7844(03)00395-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12738177"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35124077"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/accuracy-of-laparoscopic-diagnosis-of-endometriosis-reczech1gyqwzad82/","name":"Accuracy of laparoscopic diagnosis of endometriosis","headline":"Accuracy of laparoscopic diagnosis of endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/accuracy-of-laparoscopic-diagnosis-of-endometriosis-reczech1gyqwzad82/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mettler L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Schollmeyer T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lehmann-Willenbrock E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Schüppler U"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Schmutzler A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shukla D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Lewin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7848-045X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hadassah Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cqmqj90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zavala A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6628-1864"}],"datePublished":"2003-05-02","abstract":"BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Laparoscopy is the standard method to visually identify endometriotic lesions under magnification within and outside the minor pelvis. The aim of this study was to analyze the accuracy of laparoscopic visualization in diagnosing the various endometriotic sites as confirmed histologically.\n\nMETHOD: Presumed endometriotic sites were observed in 164 patients operated on under the clinical suspicion of endometriosis. Targeted biopsies were performed for histologic corroboration, comparing the laparoscopic findings and diagnosis to the histological results.\n\nRESULT: The histological reports of the biopsies confirmed the presence of endometriosis in 138 patients (84.1%), but in 26 patients (15.9%), no evidence of endometriosis was observed. 100% of \"red\" lesions, 92% of \"black\" lesions, and 31% of \"white\" lesions turned out to be endometriosis. Of the 264 various suspected endometriotic sites observed, 142 (53.8%) were confirmed histologically. The most accurate diagnosis was in lesions on the parietal peritoneum of the pelvis, confirmed in 9/9 cases (100%); the ovarian fossa, confirmed in 8/12 cases (66.7%); and the uterosacral ligaments and posterior surface of the broad ligament, confirmed in 83/138 cases (60.1%). As for the other sites, the histologic confirmation rates in the ovarian surface, bowel serosa, and vesicouterine fold of the peritoneum were 48%, 40%, and 13%, respectively.\n\nCONCLUSION: Endometriosis has a multiple appearance, and the lesions may be confused with nonendometriotic lesions. It is clear that a nonhistology-based diagnosis may lead to unnecessary prolonged medical treatment and operations and may delay the proper treatment measures from being applied. Therefore, a meticulous histological confirmation should still be the first step in the laparoscopic diagnosis and treatment of suspected endometriosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JSLS : Journal of the Society of Laparoendoscopic Surgeons"}}},"pageStart":"15","pageEnd":"18","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/factors-influencing-the-choice-to-use-modern-natural-family-planning-recvtetdoluargmdo/","name":"Factors influencing the choice to use modern natural family planning","headline":"Factors influencing the choice to use modern natural family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/factors-influencing-the-choice-to-use-modern-natural-family-planning-recvtetdoluargmdo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rafael Mikolajczyk","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1271-7204","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bielefeld University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02hpadn98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Martina Rauchfuss","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Psychosomatics, Charité University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany."}}],"datePublished":"2003-04-10","abstract":"A discrepancy exists between the interest in modern methods of natural family planning (NFP) and their actual use in developed countries. To explore reasons for this discrepancy, we analyzed data from a questionnaire administered to postpartum women in Berlin (n = 223) and Cracow (n = 233). Knowledge of NFP, past use of NFP and expected effects of abstinence on the partnership were independently associated with interest in using NFP, but not the choice to do so among those interested. Desire for future pregnancies, importance of religious belief and location in Cracow were independently associated with the choice to use NFP among those interested. Perceived accuracy of observation to identify the fertile time and acceptance of own body were independently associated with both interest in and choice to use NFP. Frequency of intercourse had no effect on interest. These results suggest that increased access and cultural support would likely lead to a higher prevalence of NFP use in developed countries.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"67","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"253","pageEnd":"258","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0010-7824(02)00490-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40595487"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0010-7824(02)00490-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12684143"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40595487"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mechanisms-of-premature-ovarian-failure-buupjbki/","name":"Mechanisms of premature ovarian failure","headline":"Mechanisms of premature ovarian failure","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mechanisms-of-premature-ovarian-failure-buupjbki/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Nanette Santoro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9096-7490","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}}],"datePublished":"2003-04-01","abstract":"The median age at menopause in Western populations of women is approximately 51 years. While very late (i.e., after 54 years) menopause is exceedingly uncommon, a sizeable minority of women experience cessation of ovarian function at or prior to age 45. By convention, menopause that occurs at ages 40-45 is considered \"early\" and occurs in about 5% of women. Premature ovarian failure (POF) is reserved for the approximately 1% of women who experience hypergonadotropic amenorrhea prior to age 40 years. POF represents the end stage of a variety of disorders that result in the loss of ovarian follicles. Depending upon the age at diagnosis, the probability of a genetic, autoimmune, or idiopathic cause will be more or less likely. Two functioning X chromosomes appear necessary for normal ovarian function. The most obvious genetic cause of POF is Turner Syndrome, in which a complete or near-complete loss of the second X chromosome occurs. Turner Syndrome typically results in the most severe and irreversible POF, often clinically evident prior to menarche. Typically, in Turner Syndrome, menopause precedes menarche, and there is no evidence of ovarian function. However, cases with multiple tissues diagnosed as 45, X have been reported to result in ovarian function and even pregnancy. It is likely that mitigating factors, perhaps autosomal, can modify this most severe and irreversible cause of ovarian failure. Lesser degrees of ovarian failure have also been attributed to partial X chromosome deletions and milder degrees of X chromosome mosaicism. Fragile X syndrome is another example of mild POF that can be linked to disorders of the X chromosome. Other genetic defects are believed to cause POF, yet their prevalence has been difficult to determine. The localization of the gene for the blepharophimosis/ptosis/POF Syndrome has been recently reported, yet this finding has not been seen commonly in POF. Other genetic syndromes including POF await elucidation. Many transgenic \"knock-out\" animals have been created with deficient ovarian function. Most interesting along these lines is the heterozygous FSH receptor knock-out, which exhibits a reduced follicle reserve and early ovarian depletion. Application of this knowledge and translation of these transgenic experiments into elucidation of clinical disease has been difficult, but represents an area of tremendous potential progress in the understanding of the pathogenesis of POF. Another approach to the genetics of POF has been to examine the genome of affected and unaffected individuals. The genetics appear to differ greatly depending upon the timing of the expression of the POF. For example, women with early menopause are more likely to possess the PVUII polymorphic allele for estrogen receptor alpha. Whether or not this polymorph is more common in women with earlier menopause, i.e., POF, is unclear. Pedigree data indicate that early menopause and premature menopause sort similarly within families. The only difference between women with true POF and those with early menopause may be in the timing of the expression of the syndrome, and not in the genetics. Population genetic approaches analyzing affected and unaffected individuals are underway in several research centers and represent another area of progress. Immune and other, idiopathic causes of POF await further clarification. It is clear that this is an area of great research potential. Understanding how ovaries fail may assist women with this disorder by facilitating the development of novel therapies. Additionally, such information will provide important clues about optimizing ovarian function in individuals without POF who are seeking extension of their reproductive life spans or fertility enhancement by other means.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"64","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Annales d'endocrinologie"}}},"pageStart":"87","pageEnd":"92","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35139742","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12773939"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35139742"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/associations-among-disease-conditions-bone-mineral-density-and-prevalent-vertebr-rechzufina5b2tkm4/","name":"Associations among disease conditions, bone mineral density, and prevalent vertebral deformities in men and women 50 years of age and older: cross-sectional results from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study","headline":"Associations among disease conditions, bone mineral density, and prevalent vertebral deformities in men and women 50 years of age and older: cross-sectional results from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/associations-among-disease-conditions-bone-mineral-density-and-prevalent-vertebr-rechzufina5b2tkm4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacques Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8155-677X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of MedicineLaval UniversityQuebec CityQCCanada"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alan Tenenhouse","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Ioannidis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6956-5737","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudie Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5499-2661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tassos Anastassiades","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5805-0364","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan Kirkland","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8182-2369","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandra Papaioannou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9412-0932","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Poliquin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Coordinating Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fzvsb30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Joyce","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5701-7418","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04haebc03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Hanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1406-4251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stuart A Jackson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8856-2248","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alberta","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Pickard","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Joseph's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02cmyty27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lawrence Joseph","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3321-0587","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Timothy M Murray","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7060-980X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W P Olszynski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2834-8645","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Saskatchewan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63"}}],"datePublished":"2003-04-01","abstract":"This cross-sectional cohort study of 5566 women and 2187 men 50 years of age and older in the population-based Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study was conducted to determine whether reported past diseases are associated with bone mineral density or prevalent vertebral deformities. We examined 12 self-reported disease conditions including diabetes mellitus (types 1 or 2), nephrolithiasis, hypertension, heart attack, rheumatoid arthritis, thyroid disease, breast cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, neuromuscular disease, Paget's disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Multivariate linear and logistic regression analyses were performed to determine whether there were associations among these disease conditions and bone mineral density of the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and trochanter, as well as prevalent vertebral deformities. Bone mineral density measurements were higher in women and men with type 2 diabetes compared with those without after appropriate adjustments. The differences were most notable at the lumbar spine (+0.053 g/cm2), femoral neck (+0.028 g/cm2), and trochanter (+0.025 g/cm2) in women, and at the femoral neck (+0.025 g/cm2) in men. Hypertension was also associated with higher bone mineral density measurements for both women and men. The differences were most pronounced at the lumbar spine (+0.022 g/cm2) and femoral neck (+0.007 g/cm2) in women and at the lumbar spine (+0.028 g/cm2) in men. Although results were statistically inconclusive, men reporting versus not reporting past nephrolithiasis appeared to have clinically relevant lower bone mineral density values. Bone mineral density differences were -0.022, -0.015, and -0.016 g/cm2 at the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and trochanter, respectively. Disease conditions were not strongly associated with vertebral deformities. In summary, these cross-sectional population-based data show that type 2 diabetes and hypertension are associated with higher bone mineral density in women and men, and nephrolithiasis may be associated with lower bone mineral density in men. The importance of these associations for osteoporosis case finding and management require further and prospective studies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"J Bone Miner Res"}}},"pageStart":"784","pageEnd":"790","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1359/jbmr.2003.18.4.784","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44167909"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1359/jbmr.2003.18.4.784"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12674340"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44167909"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/false-risk-attribution-results-in-misleading-assessment-of-the-relationship-betw-recblirjbtoxmey2j/","name":"False risk attribution results in misleading assessment of the relationship between suppression of ovulation and the effectiveness of the Yuzpe regimen for emergency contraception","headline":"False risk attribution results in misleading assessment of the relationship between suppression of ovulation and the effectiveness of the Yuzpe regimen for emergency contraception","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/false-risk-attribution-results-in-misleading-assessment-of-the-relationship-betw-recblirjbtoxmey2j/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rafael Mikolajczyk","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1271-7204","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bielefeld University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02hpadn98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2003-04-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"67","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"333-5; author reply 335-7","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0010-7824(02)00479-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44395988"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0010-7824(02)00479-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12684157"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44395988"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-rosiglitazone-on-spontaneous-and-clomiphene-citrate-induced-ovulation--rec8metfztl2m7vzn/","name":"Effect of rosiglitazone on spontaneous and clomiphene citrate-induced ovulation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"Effect of rosiglitazone on spontaneous and clomiphene citrate-induced ovulation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-rosiglitazone-on-spontaneous-and-clomiphene-citrate-induced-ovulation--rec8metfztl2m7vzn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ghina Ghazeeri","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4902-6124","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tennessee Health Science Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0011qv509"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"William H Kutteh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6049-3842","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tennessee Health Science Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0011qv509"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael Bryer‐Ash","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Los Angeles","sameAs":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael Bryer-Ash","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3620-238X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brown University"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Derek Haas","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4849-181X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bern"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Raymond W Ke","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tennessee Health Science Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0011qv509"}}],"datePublished":"2003-03-07","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: In women suffering from polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), correction of hyperinsulinemia results enhances spontaneous ovulation or alternatively, the responsiveness to ovulation induction agents such as clomiphene citrate (CC). We investigated the effect of rosiglitazone maleate on ovulation induction in overweight and obese, CC-resistant women with PCOS.\n\nDESIGN: Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.\n\nSETTING: Academic reproductive endocrinology clinic.\n\nPATIENT(S): Overweight and obese women with clinical and laboratory manifestations of PCOS who desired pregnancy and were resistant to CC.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Twenty-five women were randomized into two treatment groups. Subjects in Group I (n = 12) were randomized to receive rosiglitazone 4 mg b.i.d. with a placebo on cycle days 5-9. Group II (n = 13) was randomized to receive rosiglitazone 4 mg b.i.d. with CC on cycle days 5-9. The duration of the study was 2 months.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The primary outcome was ovulation as defined by luteal serum progesterone greater than 5 ng/dL assessed on days 21, 24, and 28 of the cycle. Secondary outcomes were pregnancy and changes in insulin sensitivity, serum lipoproteins, and androgens.\n\nRESULT(S): Overall, 14 of 25 (56%) women, who were previously resistant to CC, successfully ovulated. In subjects taking rosiglitazone alone (Group I), 4 of 12 (33%) subjects ovulated compared with 10 of 13 (77%) women randomized to rosiglitazone with CC (Group II) (P=.04, Fisher's exact). One subject in Group I became pregnant, resulting in one uncomplicated live birth; two subjects in Group II conceived, with one successful live birth and one first trimester, spontaneous abortion. For all subjects, fasting insulin declined from 29.4 +/- 13.8 microU/mL to 17.3 +/- 7.8 microU/mL after rosiglitazone (P=.003, paired t-test). Although mean levels of total testosterone (T) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) did not decline significantly, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) did increase from 0.7 +/- 0.3 microg/dL to 1.0 +/- 0.3 microg/dL after rosiglitazone therapy (P=.001, paired t test). There was also a decrease in luteinizing hormone (LH) from 9.4 +/- 6.3 mU/mL to 7.2 +/- 3.7 mU/mL (P=.01). Lipoproteins including total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and triglycerides did not change.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Short-term rosiglitazone therapy enhances both spontaneous and clomiphene-induced ovulation in overweight and obese women with PCOS. Rosiglitazone therapy improves insulin sensitivity and decreases hyperandrogenemia primarily through increases in SHBG.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"79","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"562","pageEnd":"566","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(02)04843-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44349470"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(02)04843-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12620440"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44349470"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/births-final-data-for-2001-recxvdodidtfhgyt9/","name":"Births: final data for 2001","headline":"Births: final data for 2001","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/births-final-data-for-2001-recxvdodidtfhgyt9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Martin JA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Erin B Hamilton","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ventura SJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Menacker F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Park MM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sutton PD"}],"datePublished":"2003-02-25","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: This report presents 2001 data on U.S. births according to a wide variety of characteristics. Data are presented for maternal demographic characteristics including age, live-birth order, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, and educational attainment; maternal characteristics (medical risk factors, weight gain, tobacco, and alcohol use); medical care utilization by pregnant women (prenatal care, obstetric procedures, complications of labor and/or delivery, attendant at birth, and method of delivery); and infant characteristics (period of gestation, birthweight, Apgar score, abnormal conditions, congenital anomalies, and multiple births). Also presented are birth and fertility rates by age, live-birth order, race, Hispanic origin, and marital status. Selected data by mother's State of residence are shown, as well as data on month and day of birth, sex ratio, and age of father. Trends in fertility patterns and maternal and infant characteristics are described and interpreted.\n\nMETHODS: Descriptive tabulations of data reported on the birth certificates of the 4.026 million births that occurred in 2001 are presented. Denominators for population-based rates are derived from the 1990 U.S. census. As a result, rates are generally larger than would be the case if 2000-based estimates were used. The magnitude of the overestimate will vary by population subgroup; overestimates are likely greatest for those of Hispanic origin.\n\nRESULTS: The number of births, the birth rate, fertility rate, and total fertility rates all declined 1 percent in 2001. The teenage birth rate reached another historic low. Birth rates for women in their twenties declined slightly, whereas rates for women aged 30 to 44 years continued to rise. Births to unmarried women changed very little. Smoking by pregnant women was down again. Women were more likely to begin care in the first trimester of pregnancy (83.4 percent). The cesarean delivery rate rose for the fifth consecutive year to 24.4 percent; the primary cesarean rate was up 5 percent and the rate of vaginal births after a previous cesarean fell 20 percent. Preterm and low birthweight levels both rose for 2001. The twin birth rate continued to climb, and following 2 years of decline, the rate of triplet/+ births also increased.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"51","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"National Vital Statistics Reports : From the Centers for Disease Control and  Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, National Vital Statistics  System"}}},"pageStart":"1","pageEnd":"102","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovarian-wedge-resection-by-minilaparatomy-in-infertile-patients-with-polycystic--rec8fscmiaebxnp3u/","name":"Ovarian wedge resection by minilaparatomy in infertile patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome: a new technique","headline":"Ovarian wedge resection by minilaparatomy in infertile patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome: a new technique","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovarian-wedge-resection-by-minilaparatomy-in-infertile-patients-with-polycystic--rec8fscmiaebxnp3u/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mulazim Yildirim","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6576-0252","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Gazi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/054xkpr46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bulent Tiras M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Bulent Tiras"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Haldun Guner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8886-4389"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Volkan Noyan"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Akgun Yildiz"}],"datePublished":"2003-02-21","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of ovarian wedge resection by minilaparotomy in infertile patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: One hundred and thirty-four anovulatory patients with PCOS, who were previously treated with clomiphene citrate and gonadotropins and did not conceive were operated via minilaparotomy with microsurgical principles and ovarian wedge resection was performed on each subject. Pregnancy rates and adhesion formation were investigated retrospectively.\n\nRESULTS: A total of 121 pregnancies were achieved in 2 years (90%). One hundred and four patients conceived within the first 6 months (78%) and the remaining 17 patients conceived within 2 years (13%) following the operation. Sixty-eight patients had a second pregnancy later. In the post-operative period, 24 patients had cesarean delivery and 20 had diagnostic laparoscopy. Out of these 44 patients, only 5 of them were found to have minimal adhesions.\n\nCONCLUSION: This technique offers high pregnancy rates and minimal adhesion formation. Ovarian wedge resection by minilaparotomy might be an alternative treatment approach in patients with PCOS who did not conceive with standard ovulation induction protocols.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"107","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology"}}},"pageStart":"85","pageEnd":"87","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0301-2115(02)00348-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43848760"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0301-2115(02)00348-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12593902"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43848760"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prophylactic-administration-of-progesterone-by-vaginal-suppository-to-reduce-the-recawulfqnb4skro6/","name":"Prophylactic administration of progesterone by vaginal suppository to reduce the incidence of spontaneous preterm birth in women at increased risk: a randomized placebo-controlled double-blind study","headline":"Prophylactic administration of progesterone by vaginal suppository to reduce the incidence of spontaneous preterm birth in women at increased risk: a randomized placebo-controlled double-blind study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prophylactic-administration-of-progesterone-by-vaginal-suppository-to-reduce-the-recawulfqnb4skro6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Roberto E Bittar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8372-1844","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade de São Paulo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036rp1748"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mário Henrique Burlacchini de Carvalho","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0599-0739","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade de São Paulo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036rp1748"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marcelo Zugaib","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1155-2671","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade de São Paulo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036rp1748"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eduardo B da Fonseca","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7985-0274","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade de São Paulo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036rp1748"}}],"datePublished":"2003-02-20","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of prophylactic vaginal progesterone in decreasing preterm birth rate in a high-risk population.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study included 142 high-risk singleton pregnancies. Progesterone (100 mg) or placebo was administered daily by vaginal suppository and all patients underwent uterine contraction monitoring with an external tocodynamometer once a week for 60 minutes, between 24 and 34 weeks of gestation. Progesterone (n = 72) and placebo (n = 70) groups were compared for epidemiologic characteristics, uterine contraction frequency, and incidence of preterm birth. Data were compared by chi(2) analysis and Fisher exact test.\n\nRESULTS: The preterm birth rate was 21.1% (30/142). Differences in uterine activity were found between the progesterone and placebo groups (23.6% vs 54.3%, respectively; P <.05) and in preterm birth between progesterone and placebo (13.8% vs 28.5%, respectively; P <.05). More women were delivered before 34 weeks in the placebo group (18.5%) than in the progesterone group (2.7%) (P <.05).\n\nCONCLUSION: Prophylactic vaginal progesterone reduced the frequency of uterine contractions and the rate of preterm delivery in women at high risk for prematurity.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"188","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"419","pageEnd":"424","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1067/mob.2003.41","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34178184"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1067/mob.2003.41"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12592250"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34178184"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-carnitine-therapy-in-selected-cases-of-male-factor-infertility-a-double-b-recesgxzaf2zr2lqe/","name":"Use of carnitine therapy in selected cases of male factor infertility: a double-blind crossover trial","headline":"Use of carnitine therapy in selected cases of male factor infertility: a double-blind crossover trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-carnitine-therapy-in-selected-cases-of-male-factor-infertility-a-double-b-recesgxzaf2zr2lqe/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrea Lenzi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7711-0465","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Policlinico Umberto I","sameAs":"https://ror.org/011cabk38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Francesco Lombardo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6943-2966","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Policlinico Umberto I","sameAs":"https://ror.org/011cabk38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paolo Sgrò","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4929-2764","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Policlinico Umberto I","sameAs":"https://ror.org/011cabk38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pietro Salacone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1757-1948","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Policlinico Umberto I","sameAs":"https://ror.org/011cabk38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Luisa Caponecchia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0779-6449","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Policlinico Umberto I","sameAs":"https://ror.org/011cabk38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Loredana Gandini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4274-0491","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Policlinico Umberto I","sameAs":"https://ror.org/011cabk38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Franco Dondero","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Policlinico Umberto I","sameAs":"https://ror.org/011cabk38"}}],"datePublished":"2003-02-06","abstract":"Objective: To determine the efficacy of L-carnitine therapy in selected cases of male factor infertility.\nDesign: Placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover trial.\nSetting: University tertiary referral center.\n\nPatients: One hundred infertile patients (ages 20-40 years) with the following baseline sperm selection criteria: concentration, 10-20 x 10(6)/mL; total motility, 10%-30%; forward motility, <15%; atypical forms, <70%; velocity, 10-30 micro/s; linearity, <4. Eighty-six patients completed the study.\n\nInterventions: Patients underwent L-carnitine therapy 2 g/day or placebo; the study design was 2 months of washout, 2 months of therapy/placebo, 2 months of washout, and 2 months placebo/therapy.\n\nMain Outcome Measures: Variation in sperm parameters used in the patients selection criteria, in particular, sperm motility. Excluding outliers, a statistically significant improvement in semen quality, greater than after the placebo cycle, was seen after the L-carnitine therapy for sperm concentration and total and forward sperm motility. The increase in forward sperm motility was more significant in those patients with lower initial values, i.e., <5 x 10(6) or <2 x 10(6) of forward motile sperm/ejaculate or sperm/mL.\n\nConclusions: Based on a controlled study of efficacy, L-carnitine therapy was effective in increasing semen quality, especially in groups with lower baseline levels. However, these results need to be confirmed by larger clinical trials and in vitro studies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"79","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"292","pageEnd":"300","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(02)04679-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33964179"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(02)04679-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12568837"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33964179"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/decreased-mature-adrenomedullin-levels-in-feto-maternal-tissues-of-pregnant-wome-reco9x3tapmctdmbp/","name":"Decreased mature adrenomedullin levels in feto-maternal tissues of pregnant women with histologic chorioamnionitis","headline":"Decreased mature adrenomedullin levels in feto-maternal tissues of pregnant women with histologic chorioamnionitis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/decreased-mature-adrenomedullin-levels-in-feto-maternal-tissues-of-pregnant-wome-reco9x3tapmctdmbp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Fumiki Yoshihara","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9394-4315","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01v55qb38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Toshio Nishikimi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8595-3780","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dokkyo Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05k27ay38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kenji Kangawa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4784-5599","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01v55qb38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kazuhiko Shibata","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3339-6473","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Okayama University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/019tepx80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tatsuhiko Kawarabayashi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fukuoka University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04nt8b154"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ikuko Makino","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mawatari Ladies Clinic, Fukuoka 819-1113, Japan."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yasuo Makino","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fukuoka University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04nt8b154"}}],"datePublished":"2003-02-05","abstract":"Adrenomedullin (AM) gains its bioactivity by amidation at its C-terminal, forming \"mature AM.\" The mature AM and the expression of AM receptor component mRNAs, receptor activity-modifying protein 2 and calcitonin receptor-like receptor, from feto-maternal tissues of normal pregnant women and women with histologic chorioamnionitis were examined to clarify the pathophysiological features of this intrauterine infection. Samples of the placenta and fetal membranes were obtained from 10 normal pregnant women and eight women with histologic chorioamnionitis under informed consent. Mature AM in the fetal membranes was significantly lower in patients with chorioamnionitis than in normal pregnant women. On the other hand, there were no differences in mature AM levels in the placenta between the two groups. The total AM levels as a sum of mature and immature AM were not significantly different between the two groups in either area. The ratio of mature AM/total AM was significantly decreased in the fetal membranes of the patients with chorioamnionitis compared with normal pregnancies, but not in the placenta. Also, levels of mature AM were negatively correlated with C-reactive protein concentrations. The present results thus suggested that mature AM may have some role in chorioamnionitis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"301","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications"}}},"pageStart":"437","pageEnd":"442","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0006-291x(02)03059-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q78881024"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0006-291x(02)03059-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12565880"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q78881024"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-diagnostic-dilemma-of-minimal-and-mild-endometriosis-under-routine-condition-rec9nhbyva3j3fneb/","name":"The diagnostic dilemma of minimal and mild endometriosis under routine conditions","headline":"The diagnostic dilemma of minimal and mild endometriosis under routine conditions","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-diagnostic-dilemma-of-minimal-and-mild-endometriosis-under-routine-condition-rec9nhbyva3j3fneb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E Malik","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1407-2294","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Lübeck","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t3r8h32"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"O Buchweitz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Lübeck","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t3r8h32"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Diedrich","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5787-7351","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Lübeck","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t3r8h32"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Poel","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Lübeck","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t3r8h32"}}],"datePublished":"2003-01-30","abstract":"STUDY OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the reliability of diagnosing minimal and mild endometriosis under routine conditions, and to determine to what extent disease activity is taken into account.\n\nDESIGN: Retrospective analysis (Canadian Task Force classification II-2).\n\nSETTING: University teaching hospital.\n\nINTERVENTION: Laparoscopy.\n\nPATIENTS: One hundred eighteen consecutive women with minimal and mild endometriosis undergoing routine surgery between 1994 and 1999.\n\nMEASUREMENTS AND\n\nMAIN RESULTS: Analytic parameters were the total number of endometriotic lesions; intraoperative description of pigmented, nonpigmented, and nondefined lesions; and number of extirpated lesions and histologic detection rate. In 118 patients, 311 suspected endometriotic lesions were documented. Nonpigmented lesions were reported in only 27% of women. In 51% of surgical reports no importance was attached to disease morphology or activity. Only 1.2 biopsies/patient were taken. The histologic detection rate was 56%. In 49 patients the assumed intraoperative diagnosis was confirmed by histologic examination.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Intraoperative description of endometriotic lesions is inadequate. Little attention is paid to the activity of the illness. There is room for improvement in the number of excisions and histologic detection, and an attempt should be made to find a way out of this diagnostic dilemma.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of the American Association of Gynecologic Laparoscopists"}}},"pageStart":"85","pageEnd":"89","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s1074-3804(05)60240-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51031420"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s1074-3804(05)60240-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12555000"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q51031420"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-contraceptive-use-and-hiv-1-infection-in-a-population-based-cohort-in-rakai-uganda-rec9ciwjv823p8wea/","name":"Hormonal contraceptive use and HIV-1 infection in a population-based cohort in Rakai, Uganda","headline":"Hormonal contraceptive use and HIV-1 infection in a population-based cohort in Rakai, Uganda","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-contraceptive-use-and-hiv-1-infection-in-a-population-based-cohort-in-rakai-uganda-rec9ciwjv823p8wea/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria J Wawer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3601-4469"},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Serwadda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6532-6587"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nelson K Sewankambo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9362-053X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fred Wabwire‐Mangen"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tom Lutalo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3380-1720"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary P. Meehan"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xianbin"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ronald H Gray","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1952-6507","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rakai Project Study Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mohammed Kiddugavu","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Uganda Virus Research Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04509n826"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fred Makumbi"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fred Wabwire-Mangen"}],"datePublished":"2003-01-24","abstract":"Background: Hormonal contraceptives have been associated with increased risk of HIV acquisition.\n\nMethods: The association between hormonal contraception use and HIV acquisition was assessed in a rural community-based cohort in Rakai District, Uganda. A group of 5117 sexually active HIV-negative women were surveyed at 10 month intervals between 1994 and 1999. Information on demographic and sociobehavioral characteristics, use of hormonal contraception (pill and injectable methods), condoms and the number of sexual partners was obtained by home-based interview. HIV incidence rate ratios (IRR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) associated with hormonal contraception were estimated by multivariate Poisson regression after adjustment for age, condom use, number of sexual partners, marital status, education and history of genital ulcer disease.\n\nResults: At one or more interviews, 16.6% of women reported use of hormonal contraceptives and 23.0% reported condom use. HIV incidence was 2.3/100 person-years in hormonal contraceptive users compared with 1.5/100 person-years in non-hormonal contraceptive users (unadjusted IRR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.00-2.33). After multivariate adjustment, the IRR associated with hormonal contraceptives was reduced to 0.94 (95% CI, 0.53-1.64). The adjusted IRR was 1.12 (95% CI, 0.48-2.56) with oral contraceptive use and 0.84 (95%CI, 0.41-1.72) with injectable methods.\n\nConclusion: Use of hormonal contraception is not associated with HIV acquisition after adjustment for behavioral confounding.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"AIDS"}}},"pageStart":"233","pageEnd":"240","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/00002030-200301240-00014","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38883483"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/00002030-200301240-00014"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12545084"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38883483"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/regulation-of-gonadotropin-secretion-implications-for-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-rec7aoys0h9j2dedo/","name":"Regulation of gonadotropin secretion: implications for polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"Regulation of gonadotropin secretion: implications for polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/regulation-of-gonadotropin-secretion-implications-for-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-rec7aoys0h9j2dedo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Christopher R McCartney","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5421-4982","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Virginia Health System","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wn7d965"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John C. Marshall","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7902-6291","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Michigan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine A Eagleson"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J R Marshall","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8921-3253","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UCLA Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vq5kb54"}}],"datePublished":"2003-01-22","abstract":"Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a disorder characterized by hyperandrogenism and chronic anovulation. Although the etiology of PCOS is unknown, perturbations of gonadotropin secretion are one of the hallmarks of this disorder. In normal menstrual physiology, the monotropic rise of plasma follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) during the luteal-follicular transition is critical for follicular development and subsequent ovulation. One of the mechanisms by which FSH is differentially synthesized involves the luteal slowing of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) pulse frequency by ovarian steroids. In PCOS, plasma leutinizing hormone (LH) is commonly increased, FSH is typically in the lower follicular range, and LH (and by inference GnRH) pulse frequency is persistently rapid at approximately one LH pulse per hour. The etiology of the neuroendocrine abnormalities in PCOS remain unclear; however, recent studies have revealed decreased sensitivity of the GnRH pulse generator to inhibition by ovarian steroids, particularly progesterone. This abnormality is reversed by the androgen receptor antagonist flutamide, suggesting that elevated androgen levels may alter the sensitivity of the hypothalamic GnRH pulse generator to steroid inhibition and lead to enhanced LH secretion. As such, women with PCOS require higher levels of progesterone to slow the frequency of GnRH pulse secretion, resulting in inadequate FSH synthesis and persistent LH stimulation of ovarian androgens. The decreased sensitivity of the GnRH pulse generator may help to explain the genesis of PCOS during puberty. In normal early puberty, sleep-entrained increases in LH stimulate ovarian steroids, which subsequently suppress LH frequency and amplitude during the subsequent day. In hyperandrogenemic girls destined to develop PCOS, this nocturnal increase in ovarian steroids may not be adequate to suppress the GnRH pulse generator, leading to a persistently rapid LH pulse frequency, impaired FSH production, and inadequate follicular development.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"20","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Seminars in Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"317","pageEnd":"326","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2002-36706","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30310431"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1055/s-2002-36706"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12536355"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q30310431"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-systematic-review-of-the-reproductive-system-effects-of-metformin-in-patients--rec3qazqfghgbtfnc/","name":"A systematic review of the reproductive system effects of metformin in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"A systematic review of the reproductive system effects of metformin in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-systematic-review-of-the-reproductive-system-effects-of-metformin-in-patients--rec3qazqfghgbtfnc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael Costello","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7340-1356","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UNSW Sydney","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John Eden","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8671-268X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Hospital for Women","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021cxfs56"}}],"datePublished":"2003-01-14","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To review the effectiveness of metformin in restoring regular menstrual cycles and ovulation and achieving pregnancy in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).\n\nDESIGN: Systematic review of pertinent studies identified using the bibliographic databases MEDLINE and EMBASE. References of selected articles identified were hand-searched for additional relevant citations.\n\nPATIENT(S): Women with PCOS undergoing treatment with metformin alone, metformin combined with other methods of ovulation induction such as clomiphene citrate (CC) or gonadotropin injections, or metformin combined with in vitro fertilization (IVF).\n\nRESULT(S): Thirty published studies were included in the overall review. Studies consisted of 12 randomized controlled trials, two cohort studies, and 16 uncontrolled descriptive studies. Due to a strong variability in the use of metformin according to study population, exposure, and outcome of interest, it was not possible to combine the data of the 12 randomized controlled trials to perform a meta-analysis. Limited data on predominately obese PCOS patients demonstrate that metformin alone improves both restoration of regular menses and spontaneous ovulation, but there are no data supporting an improvement in pregnancy rate. The addition of metformin to CC results in an improved ovulation and pregnancy rate in both unselected and CC-resistant PCOS women. There are insufficient data to make any conclusions on the effect of metformin on FSH ovulation induction or IVF.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): The effectiveness and role of metformin in the treatment of PCOS anovulatory infertility in clinical practice is difficult to assess from currently available research. Further well-designed prospective, perhaps multicenter, randomized controlled trials with the primary end point of pregnancy or live-birth rate are required.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"79","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1","pageEnd":"13","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(02)04554-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35043730"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(02)04554-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12524053"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35043730"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/blood-levels-of-homocysteine-folate-vitamin-b6-and-b12-in-women-using-oral-contr-diyewcde/","name":"Blood levels of homocysteine, folate, vitamin B6 and B12 in women using oral contraceptives compared to non-users","headline":"Blood levels of homocysteine, folate, vitamin B6 and B12 in women using oral contraceptives compared to non-users","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/blood-levels-of-homocysteine-folate-vitamin-b6-and-b12-in-women-using-oral-contr-diyewcde/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lussana F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zighetti ML"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bucciarelli P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cugno M"}],"datePublished":"2003-01-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To compare the levels of total homocysteine (tHcy), folate, vitamin B6 and B12, in women not using oral contraceptives (OC) vs. those using OC.\n\nMATERIALS AND METHODS: 219 healthy women were enrolled in the study; 159 of them had not been using OC for at least 12 months prior to their enrollment, while 60 were on regular OC treatment.\n\nRESULTS: The median levels of vitamin B6 and B12 were significantly lower in OC users than in non-users (24.2 vs. 32.9 nmol/l, p=0.029; 278 vs. 429 ng/ml, p<0.001). There were no statistically significant differences in the levels of tHcy (fasting and post-methionine loading) and folate.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: In our cross-sectional study, OC use was associated with low vitamin B6 and B12 levels. Since low vitamin B6 levels are independently associated with heightened risks for arterial and venous thromboembolism (TE), they could partly account for the increased TE risk of OC users.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"112","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1-2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Thrombosis research"}}},"pageStart":"37","pageEnd":"41","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.thromres.2003.11.007","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44794623"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.thromres.2003.11.007"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15013271"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44794623"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-creighton-model-fertilitycare-system-a-standardized-case-management-approach-recypc1ouzsgmnb5s/","name":"The Creighton Model FertilityCare™ System: A Standardized Case Management Approach to Teaching. Book II — Advanced Teaching Skills","headline":"The Creighton Model FertilityCare™ System: A Standardized Case Management Approach to Teaching. Book II — Advanced Teaching Skills","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-creighton-model-fertilitycare-system-a-standardized-case-management-approach-recypc1ouzsgmnb5s/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hilgers SK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Prebil AM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Diane Daly","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4526-9869","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint John's Mercy Medical Center"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2003-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/2001-assisted-reproductive-technology-success-rates-national-summary-and-fertili-reczing2nmx8e62ir/","name":"2001 Assisted Reproductive Technology Success Rates: National Summary and Fertility Clinic Reports","headline":"2001 Assisted Reproductive Technology Success Rates: National Summary and Fertility Clinic Reports","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/2001-assisted-reproductive-technology-success-rates-national-summary-and-fertili-reczing2nmx8e62ir/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion"}],"datePublished":"2003-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"NOT_FOUND**"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/march-of-dimes-updates-multiple-births-and-the-rising-rate-of-preterm-delivery-recvsjcipohlkm8nt/","name":"March of Dimes Updates: Multiple Births and the Rising Rate of Preterm Delivery","headline":"March of Dimes Updates: Multiple Births and the Rising Rate of Preterm Delivery","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/march-of-dimes-updates-multiple-births-and-the-rising-rate-of-preterm-delivery-recvsjcipohlkm8nt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"March of Dimes"}],"datePublished":"2003-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/too-soon-to-adopt-progesterone-for-the-prevention-of-preterm-delivery-recc8zitj4kygkmgs/","name":"Too Soon to Adopt Progesterone for the Prevention of Preterm Delivery","headline":"Too Soon to Adopt Progesterone for the Prevention of Preterm Delivery","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/too-soon-to-adopt-progesterone-for-the-prevention-of-preterm-delivery-recc8zitj4kygkmgs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Berstein PS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paul J Meis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04v8djg66"}}],"datePublished":"2003-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2002-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2002-ejbc36j0/","name":"DIR Jahrbuch 2002 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2002)","headline":"DIR Jahrbuch 2002 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2002)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2002-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2002-ejbc36j0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register e.V."}],"datePublished":"2003-01-01","abstract":"Annual report (Jahrbuch) of the Deutsches IVF-Register (DIR) for treatment year 2002. DIR is the German national IVF/ICSI registry, founded 1982 — the oldest continuously operating ART registry. Voluntary professional-society database with high de-facto coverage of German fertility centres. Reports cycles, transfers, pregnancies and clinical outcomes by treatment type (IVF, ICSI, frozen embryo transfer, donor). German-language registry document. Used as a Phase B historical-archive source for the ART Registry Comparison study (cross-registry classification by reporting completeness on 7 framework dimensions).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register Jahrbuch"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prospective-analysis-of-the-relationships-between-the-ovarian-follicle-cohort-an-kowhyw4y/","name":"Prospective analysis of the relationships between the ovarian follicle cohort and basal FSH concentration, the inhibin response to exogenous FSH and ovarian follicle number at different stages of the normal menstrual cycle and after pituitary down-regulation","headline":"Prospective analysis of the relationships between the ovarian follicle cohort and basal FSH concentration, the inhibin response to exogenous FSH and ovarian follicle number at different stages of the normal menstrual cycle and after pituitary down-regulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prospective-analysis-of-the-relationships-between-the-ovarian-follicle-cohort-an-kowhyw4y/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yong PY","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4899-3270"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D T Baird","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Edinburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thong KJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"McNeilly AS","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0086-4568"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard A Anderson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7495-518X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"MRC Centre for Reproductive Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02f4tsf92"}}],"datePublished":"2003-01-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Analyses of the follicular reserve and activity of the ovary are central to our understanding of the regulation of follicular development. We have carried out a prospective analysis of endocrine and biophysical assessments under three differing basal conditions: the early follicular and mid-luteal phases, and following GnRH analogue down-regulation.\n\nMETHODS: Hormonal analyses were carried out before and after a single dose of FSH on spontaneously ovulating women (n = 58). Ovarian volume and antral follicle count (AFC) were also determined.\n\nRESULTS: Inhibin B and estradiol concentrations were increased by FSH under all three conditions, and inhibin A in the follicular phase and after down-regulation. Basal hormone concentrations, except inhibin A and B after down-regulation, did not generally correlate with AFC. A close relationship between inhibin B and AFC was evident at all stages after FSH administration (r = 0.70-0.77). AFC and inhibin B after FSH stimulation were well correlated with the number of oocytes recovered after superovulation. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that inhibin B after FSH administration in the down-regulated state showed the closest correlation with oocyte number. In the more clinically useful early follicular and luteal phases, basal FSH was the most significant contributor to the number of oocytes, with a significant contribution from luteal phase AFC.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: These data extend our understanding of the relationships between follicular number, follicular functional activity, and the recruitable follicular population. Down-regulation and subsequent FSH stimulation was required to clearly demonstrate the close relationship between inhibin B and the ovarian reserve. Without such complex manipulation, early follicular phase FSH (supplemented by AFC in the relatively hypogonadotrophic luteal phase) remains of greater value in predicting the ovarian reserve than the currently known direct products of the ovary.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"35","pageEnd":"44","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deg019","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42435624"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/deg019"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12525438"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q42435624"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-creighton-model-fertilitycare-system-core-curriculum-2nd-edition-recdqlpfgacwfsabw/","name":"The Creighton Model FertilityCare™ System: Core Curriculum, 2nd Edition","headline":"The Creighton Model FertilityCare™ System: Core Curriculum, 2nd Edition","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-creighton-model-fertilitycare-system-core-curriculum-2nd-edition-recdqlpfgacwfsabw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Prebil AM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hilgers SK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Diane Daly","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4526-9869","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint John's Mercy Medical Center"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2003-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gauging-preterm-delivery-risk-in-asymptomatic-gravidas-rece8imhskoe8jkfk/","name":"Gauging Preterm Delivery Risk in Asymptomatic Gravidas","headline":"Gauging Preterm Delivery Risk in Asymptomatic Gravidas","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gauging-preterm-delivery-risk-in-asymptomatic-gravidas-rece8imhskoe8jkfk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joffe G"}],"datePublished":"2003-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-surveillanceunited-states-2000-qktcsqvo/","name":"Assisted reproductive technology surveillance--United States, 2000","headline":"Assisted reproductive technology surveillance--United States, 2000","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-technology-surveillanceunited-states-2000-qktcsqvo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Wright VC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laura A Schieve","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1215-0682","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042twtr12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Reynolds MA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gary Jeng","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}}],"datePublished":"2003 Aug 29","abstract":"MMWR 2003 Oct 3; 52(39):942. PROBLEM/CONDITION: In 1996, CDC initiated data collection regarding assisted reproductive technology (ART) procedures performed in the United States to determine medical center-specific pregnancy success rates, as mandated by the Fertility Clinic Success Rate and Certification Act (FCSRCA) (Public Law 102-493, October 24, 1992). ART includes fertility treatments in which both eggs and sperm are handled in the laboratory (i.e., in vitro fertilization and related procedures). Patients who undergo ART treatments are more likely to deliver multiple-birth infants than women who conceive naturally. Multiple births are associated with increased risk for mothers and infants (e.g., pregnancy complications, premature delivery, low-birthweight infants, and long-term disability among infants). REPORTING PERIOD COVERED: 2000. DESCRIPTION OF SYSTEM: CDC contracts with a professional society, the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology (SART), to obtain data from fertility medical centers located in the United States. Since 1997, CDC has compiled data related to ART procedures. The Assisted Reproductive Technology Surveillance System was initiated by CDC in collaboration with the American Society for Reproductive Medicine, the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology, and RESOLVE: The National Infertility Association. RESULTS: In 2000, a total of 25,228 live-birth deliveries and 35,025 infants resulting from 99,629 ART procedures were reported to CDC from 383 medical centers that performed ART in the United States and U.S. territories. Nationally, 75,516 (76%) of ART treatments were freshly fertilized embryos using the patient's eggs; 13,312 (13%) were thawed embryos using the patient's eggs; 7,919 (8%) were freshly fertilized embryos from donor eggs; and 2,882 (3%) were thawed embryos from donor eggs. The national live-birth delivery per transfer rate was 30.8%. The five states that reported the highest number of ART procedures were California (13,194), New York (11,239), Massachusetts (8,041), Illinois (7,323), and New Jersey (5,506). These five states also reported the highest number of live-birth deliveries and infants born as a result of ART. Overall, 47% of women undergoing ART-transfer procedures using freshly fertilized embryos from their own eggs were aged <35 years; 23% were aged 35-37 years; 19% were aged 38-40 years; 7% were aged 41-42 years; and 4% were aged >42 years. Among ART treatments in which freshly fertilized embryos from the patient's eggs were used, substantial variation in patient age, infertility diagnoses, history of past infertility treatment, and past births was observed. Nationally, live-birth rates were highest for women aged <35 years (38%). The risk for a multiple-birth delivery was highest for women who underwent ART-transfer procedures using freshly fertilized embryos from either donor eggs (40%) or from their own eggs (35%). Among women who underwent ART-transfer procedures using freshly fertilized embryos from their own eggs, further variation by patient age and number of embryos transferred was observed. Of the 35,025 infants born, 44% were twins, and 9% were triplet and higher order multiples, for a total multiple-infant birth rate of 53%. Patient's residing in states with the highest number of live-birth deliveries also reported the highest number of infants born in multiple-birth deliveries. INTERPRETATION: Whether an ART procedure was successful (defined as resulting in a pregnancy and live-birth delivery) varied according to different patient and treatment factors. Patient factors included the age of the woman undergoing ART, whether she had previously given birth, whether she had previously undergone ART, and the infertility diagnosis of both the female and male partners. Treatment factors included whether eggs were from the patient or a woman serving as an egg donor, whether the embryos were freshly fertilized or previously frozen and thawed, how long the embryos were kept in culture, how many embryos were transferred, and whether various specialized treatment procedures were used in conjunction with ART. ART poses a major risk for multiple births. This risk varied according to the patient's age, the type of ART procedure performed, and the number of embryos transferred. In addition, the increased risk for multiple births has a notable population impact in certain states. PUBLIC HEALTH ACTIONS: As use of ART and ART success rates continue to increase, ART-related multiple births are an increasingly important public health problem nationally and in many states. The proportion of infants born through ART in 2000 that were multiple births (53%) was substantially higher than in the general U.S. population during the same period. Data in this report indicate a need to reduce multiple births associated with ART. Efforts should be made to limit the number of embryos transferred for patients undergoing ART. In addition, continued research and survei","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Surveillance summaries (Washington, D.C. : 2002)"},"sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46093349","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14532867"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46093349"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mechanisms-of-action-of-intrauterine-devices-update-and-estimation-of-postfertil-reczn2vz80mt5hrwl/","name":"Mechanisms of action of intrauterine devices: update and estimation of postfertilization effects","headline":"Mechanisms of action of intrauterine devices: update and estimation of postfertilization effects","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mechanisms-of-action-of-intrauterine-devices-update-and-estimation-of-postfertil-reczn2vz80mt5hrwl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rafael Mikolajczyk","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1271-7204","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bielefeld University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02hpadn98"}}],"datePublished":"2002-12-26","abstract":"There are many potential mechanisms of action for the intrauterine device (IUD), which vary by type of IUD (inert, copper, or hormonal). This paper reviews the evidence for each potential mechanism of action. On the basis of available data for fertilization rates and clinical pregnancy rates, the relative contribution of mechanisms acting before or after fertilization were quantitatively estimated. These estimates indicate that, although prefertilization effects are more prominent for the copper IUD, both prefertilization and postfertilization mechanisms of action contribute significantly to the effectiveness of all types of intrauterine devices.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"187","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1699","pageEnd":"1708","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1067/mob.2002.128091","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28219103"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1067/mob.2002.128091"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12501086"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28219103"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-impact-of-iron-and-selenium-deficiencies-on-iodine-and-thyroid-metabolism-bi-rec9qs4oynpcizvts/","name":"The impact of iron and selenium deficiencies on iodine and thyroid metabolism: biochemistry and relevance to public health","headline":"The impact of iron and selenium deficiencies on iodine and thyroid metabolism: biochemistry and relevance to public health","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-impact-of-iron-and-selenium-deficiencies-on-iodine-and-thyroid-metabolism-bi-rec9qs4oynpcizvts/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael Zimmermann","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5797-3589","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02s376052"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Josef Köhrle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9187-9078","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institut für Experimentelle EndoKrinologie, Charité, Humboldt-Universitaet zu Berlin, Germany."}}],"datePublished":"2002-12-19","abstract":"Several minerals and trace elements are essential for normal thyroid hormone metabolism, e.g., iodine, iron, selenium, and zinc. Coexisting deficiencies of these elements can impair thyroid function. Iron deficiency impairs thyroid hormone synthesis by reducing activity of heme-dependent thyroid peroxidase. Iron-deficiency anemia blunts and iron supplementation improves the efficacy of iodine supplementation. Combined selenium and iodine deficiency leads to myxedematous cretinism. The normal thyroid gland retains high selenium concentrations even under conditions of inadequate selenium supply and expresses many of the known selenocysteine-containing proteins. Among these selenoproteins are the glutathione peroxidase, deiodinase, and thioredoxine reductase families of enzymes. Adequate selenium nutrition supports efficient thyroid hormone synthesis and metabolism and protects the thyroid gland from damage by excessive iodide exposure. In regions of combined severe iodine and selenium deficiency, normalization of iodine supply is mandatory before initiation of selenium supplementation in order to prevent hypothyroidism. Selenium deficiency and disturbed thyroid hormone economy may develop under conditions of special dietary regimens such as long-term total parenteral nutrition, phenylketonuria diet, cystic fibrosis, or may be the result of imbalanced nutrition in children, elderly people, or sick patients.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Thyroid : Official Journal of the American Thyroid Association"}}},"pageStart":"867","pageEnd":"878","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1089/105072502761016494","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35028446"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1089/105072502761016494"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12487769"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35028446"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/insulin-lowering-treatment-reduces-aromatase-activity-in-response-to-follicle-st-recqfbfvvojuwzxqz/","name":"Insulin-lowering treatment reduces aromatase activity in response to follicle-stimulating hormone in women with polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"Insulin-lowering treatment reduces aromatase activity in response to follicle-stimulating hormone in women with polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/insulin-lowering-treatment-reduces-aromatase-activity-in-response-to-follicle-st-recqfbfvvojuwzxqz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonio la Marca","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7921-9547","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Catania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Giuseppe Morgante","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5024-2321","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Catania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marco Palumbo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0467-4892","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Catania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonio Cianci","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2758-3413","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Catania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Felice Petraglia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8851-625X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Siena","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01tevnk56"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vincenzo De Leo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8893-0338","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Catania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57"}}],"datePublished":"2002-12-13","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of reduction of insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia associated with the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) on FSH-stimulated ovarian aromatase activity.\n\nDESIGN: Prospective study.\n\nSETTING: Academic health center, Siena, Italy.\n\nPATIENT(S): Twenty women 18 to 26 years of age in whom PCOS was diagnosed on the basis of oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea and hyperandrogenemia.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Recombinant FSH was administered. The next day, therapy with metformin (500 mg t.i.d.) was begun. After 35 to 40 days of treatment, the pretreatment protocol was repeated.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Plasma levels of estradiol (E(2)), androstenedione (A), and testosterone (T). The ratios of basal levels and areas under the curve (AUCs) of products and substrates were compared before and after metformin administration to detect differences in aromatase activity.\n\nRESULT(S): Metformin treatment was associated with significant reduction in basal free testosterone plasma levels, insulin plasma levels, and insulin response to oral glucose tolerance testing. Administration of FSH was followed by a significantly lesser E(2) response after metformin therapy than before this therapy. The ratios of AUC(E2) to AUC(A) and to AUC(T), indicative of aromatase activity in response to FSH, were significantly lower after metformin therapy than before.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Metformin therapy in women with PCOS is associated with a reduction in aromatase activity in response to FSH. Insulin affects production of both androgen and estrogen. Insulin therefore plays a central role in regulating the activity of thecal and granulosa cells.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"78","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1234","pageEnd":"1239","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(02)04346-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42528609"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(02)04346-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12477517"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q42528609"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-spironolactone-and-spironolactone-plus-finasteride-in-the-treatmen-recskrsziafyppgv1/","name":"Comparison of spironolactone and spironolactone plus finasteride in the treatment of hirsutism","headline":"Comparison of spironolactone and spironolactone plus finasteride in the treatment of hirsutism","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-spironolactone-and-spironolactone-plus-finasteride-in-the-treatmen-recskrsziafyppgv1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Unlühizarci K K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kürşad Ünlühızarcı","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2024-7433","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Erciyes University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047g8vk19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kürşad Unlühizarci K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fahri Bayram","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-6744","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Erciyes University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047g8vk19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fahrettin Keleştimur"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hatice Everest","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Erciyes University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047g8vk19"}}],"datePublished":"2002-12-13","abstract":"Hirsutism is a very common clinical problem encountered in daily practice, and, unfortunately, its treatment is far from satisfactory. In several studies, antiandrogens were given in combination with oral contraceptives (1–3), however, there are not enough data about the effects of combination therapy of antiandrogens in women with hirsutism.\nThirty-four patients were recruited into the study from the Endocrinology Outpatient Clinic of Erciyes University Hospital. Each patient gave informed consent, and the study was approved by the ethics committee and Institutional Review Board of Erciyes University. Cushing’s syndrome, nonclassic adrenal hyperplasia, androgen-secreting tumors, and prolactinoma were excluded by appropriate tests and radiological investigations. Twelve patients were oligomenorrheic, and these patients had polycystic ovary syndrome. Twenty-two patients had idiopathic hirsutism.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"78","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1331","pageEnd":"1333","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(02)04294-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44245881"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(02)04294-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12477537"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44245881"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/first-trimester-pregnancy-loss-and-active-chlamydia-trachomatis-infection-correl-recbn7gw3e09dknq8/","name":"First-trimester pregnancy loss and active Chlamydia trachomatis infection: correlation and ultrastructural evidence","headline":"First-trimester pregnancy loss and active Chlamydia trachomatis infection: correlation and ultrastructural evidence","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/first-trimester-pregnancy-loss-and-active-chlamydia-trachomatis-infection-correl-recbn7gw3e09dknq8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ana M Salgado","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3457-3766","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rosa Riquelme","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Tapia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6253-8215","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047gc3g35"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Varleta","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047gc3g35"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Zacharias","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}}],"datePublished":"2002-12-11","abstract":"The incidence of Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) infection and the possible correlation between couples presenting with first-trimester spontaneous abortions and active Ct infection was assessed. Additionally, the ability of Ct to infect zona-free hamster oocytes was explored by incubating the oocytes with spermatozoa from infected patients. A total of 961 women and 750 men consulting our reproductive medicine centre were screened for Ct using direct immunofluorescence. The general incidence of Ct infection was 9.4% in females (90 of 961) and 13.9% in males (104 of 750). In women with spontaneous abortions the incidence of Ct was 21.0% (14 of 66) compared with 8.9% (23 of 59) for women without spontaneous abortions and term pregnancies (chi-square, P < 0.05). When both partners of the couples were considered (one or both partners infected), the incidence rose to 68.8% (22 of 32) (chi-square, P < 0.001). In vitro studies using electron microscopy demonstrated the presence of Ct on the surface of and inside the oocyte. These results indicate a correlation between an active Ct infection and spontaneous abortion. Electron microscopy studies suggested the possibility of direct oocyte infection by Ct. Two models are proposed for the pathogenesis of Ct-related early abortions: (i) direct zygote infection, and (ii) immune response to heat shock proteins expressed by the zygote and triggered by previous Ct infections.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"34","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Andrologia"}}},"pageStart":"373","pageEnd":"378","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0272.2002.00520.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37870635"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1046/j.1439-0272.2002.00520.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12472621"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37870635"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/timing-intercourse-to-achieve-pregnancy-current-evidence-recwcei3xsti0rvcl/","name":"Timing intercourse to achieve pregnancy: current evidence","headline":"Timing intercourse to achieve pregnancy: current evidence","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/timing-intercourse-to-achieve-pregnancy-current-evidence-recwcei3xsti0rvcl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Harry Hatasaka"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"George White","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7585-8015"}],"datePublished":"2002-12-07","abstract":"Physicians who counsel women for preconception concerns are in an excellent position to give advice to couples regarding the optimal timing of intercourse to achieve pregnancy. The currently available evidence suggests that methods that prospectively identify the window of fertility are likely to be more effective for optimally timing intercourse than calendar calculations or basal body temperature. There are several promising methods with good scientific bases to identify the fertile window prospectively. These include fertility charting of vaginal discharge and a commercially available fertility monitor. These methods identify the occurrence of ovulation clinically and also identify a longer window of fertility than urinary luteinizing hormone kits. Prospectively identifying the full window of fertility may lead to higher rates of conception. Proper information given early in the course of trying to achieve pregnancy is likely to reduce time to conception for many couples, and also to reduce unnecessary intervention and cost.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"100","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1333","pageEnd":"1341","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(02)02382-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35018005"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0029-7844(02)02382-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12468181"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35018005"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancy-in-the-sixth-decade-of-life-obstetric-outcomes-in-women-of-advanced-re-rece9paybmzzl3zp8/","name":"Pregnancy in the sixth decade of life: obstetric outcomes in women of advanced reproductive age","headline":"Pregnancy in the sixth decade of life: obstetric outcomes in women of advanced reproductive age","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancy-in-the-sixth-decade-of-life-obstetric-outcomes-in-women-of-advanced-re-rece9paybmzzl3zp8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert Boostanfar","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary M Francis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John K Jain","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eliran Mor"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Paulson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Children's Hospital of Los Angeles","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00412ts95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peyman Saadat"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cristin C Slater"},{"@type":"Person","name":"David E Tourgeman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}}],"datePublished":"2002-11-22","abstract":"CONTEXT: As a result of oocyte donation, women in their sixth decade of life are now able to conceive and carry pregnancies to term. However, little is known about pregnancy outcomes in this population.\n\nOBJECTIVE: To describe pregnancy outcomes in women aged 50 years or older who conceived after in vitro fertilization with donor oocytes.\n\nDESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective analysis of cycles conducted at a US university assisted reproduction program during calendar years 1991-2001.\n\nPATIENTS: Seventy-seven postmenopausal women with no chronic medical conditions (mean [SD] age, 52.8 [2.9] years; range, 50-63 years) who underwent 121 embryo transfer procedures (89 fresh and 32 frozen). Pregnancy outcomes were ascertained by chart review and telephone follow-up.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Maternal and neonatal outcomes.\n\nRESULTS: There were 55 clinical pregnancies for a total pregnancy rate of 45.5%. The live birth rate was 37.2%. Of the 45 live births, 31 were singletons, 12 were twins, and 2 were triplets, for which the mean (SD) gestational ages at delivery were 38.4 (2.1) weeks, 35.8 (2.8) weeks, and 32.2 weeks, respectively. Mean (SD) birth weights were 3039 g (703 g), 2254 g (581 g), and 1913 g, respectively. Apgar scores at 1 and 5 minutes were 8.2 (0.9) and 9.1 (0.5), respectively. Of singletons, 68% were delivered by cesarean, and all multiples were delivered by cesarean. Mild preeclampsia was noted in 25% of patients and severe preeclampsia in 10%. Gestational diabetes required diet modification in 17.5%, and 2.5% required insulin.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Appropriately screened women aged 50 years or older can successfully conceive via oocyte donation and experience similar pregnancy rates, multiple gestation rates, and spontaneous abortion rates as younger recipients. During pregnancy, they appear at increased risk of preeclampsia and gestational diabetes. A majority can expect to deliver via cesarean. However, there does not appear to be any definitive medical reason for excluding these women from attempting pregnancy on the basis of age alone.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"288","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA"}}},"pageStart":"2320","pageEnd":"2323","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.288.18.2320","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34158440"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jama.288.18.2320"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12425710"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34158440"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/2002-clinical-practice-guidelines-for-the-diagnosis-and-management-of-osteoporos-recxxu3osgg1rpi2t/","name":"2002 clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in Canada","headline":"2002 clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in Canada","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/2002-clinical-practice-guidelines-for-the-diagnosis-and-management-of-osteoporos-recxxu3osgg1rpi2t/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacques Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8155-677X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of MedicineLaval UniversityQuebec CityQCCanada"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"RG Josse and The Scientific Advisory Council of the Osteoporosis Society of Canada"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert G Josse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-6264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Scientific Advisory Council of the Osteoporosis Society of Canada"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1406-4251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}}],"datePublished":"2002-11-12","abstract":"Objective: To revise and expand the 1996 Osteoporosis Society of Canada clinical practice guidelines for the management of osteoporosis, incorporating recent advances in diagnosis, prevention and management of osteoporosis, and to identify and assess the evidence supporting the recommendations. Options: All aspects of osteoporosis care and its fracture complications - including classification, diagnosis, management and methods for screening, as well as prevention and reducing fracture risk - were reviewed, revised as required and expressed as a set of recommendations.\n\nOutcomes: Strategies for identifying and evaluating those at high risk; the use of bone mineral density and biochemical markers in diagnosis and assessing response to management; recommendations regarding nutrition and physical activity; and the selection of pharmacologic therapy for the prevention and management of osteoporosis in men and women and for osteoporosis resulting from glucocorticoid treatment. Evidence: All recommendations were developed using a justifiable and reproducible process involving an explicit method for the evaluation and citation of supporting evidence. Values: All recommendations were reviewed by members of the Scientific Advisory Council of the Osteoporosis Society of Canada, an expert steering committee and others, including family physicians, dietitians, therapists and representatives of various medical specialties involved in osteoporosis care (geriatric medicine, rheumatology, endocrinology, obstetrics and gynecology, nephrology, radiology) as well as methodologists from across Canada. BENEFITS, Harm and Costs: Earlier diagnosis and prevention of fractures should decrease the medical, social and economic burdens of this disease. Recommendations: This document outlines detailed recommendations pertaining to all aspects of osteoporosis. Strategies for identifying those at increased risk (i.e., those with at least one major or 2 minor risk factors) and screening with central dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry at age 65 years are recommended. Bisphosphonates and raloxifene are first-line therapies in the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Estrogen and progestin/progesterone is a first-line therapy in the prevention and a second-line therapy in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Nasal calcitonin is a second-line therapy in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Although not yet approved for use in Canada, hPTH(1-34) is expected to be a first-line treatment for postmenopausal women with severe osteoporosis. Ipriflavone, vitamin K and fluoride are not recommended. Bisphosphonates are the first-line therapy for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in patients requiring prolonged glucocorticoid therapy and for men with osteoporosis. Nasal or parenteral calcitonin is a first-line treatment for pain associated with acute vertebral fractures. Impact-type exercise and age-appropriate calcium and vitamin D intake are recommended for the prevention of osteoporosis. Validation: All recommendations were graded according to the strength of the evidence; where the evidence was insufficient and recommendations were based on consensus opinion alone, this is indicated. These guidelines are viewed as a work in progress and will be updated periodically in response to advances in this field.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"167","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10 Suppl","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"CMAJ"}}},"pageStart":"S1-S34","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34300668","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12427685"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34300668"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/accuracy-of-the-peak-day-of-cervical-mucus-as-a-biological-marker-of-fertility-reclgmhkfmkhru50d/","name":"Accuracy of the peak day of cervical mucus as a biological marker of fertility","headline":"Accuracy of the peak day of cervical mucus as a biological marker of fertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/accuracy-of-the-peak-day-of-cervical-mucus-as-a-biological-marker-of-fertility-reclgmhkfmkhru50d/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}}],"datePublished":"2002-11-05","abstract":"The (PD) peak day of cervical mucus is an important biologic marker for the self-determination of the optimal time of fertility in a woman's menstrual cycle. The purpose of this article is to provide evidence (literature and empiric) for the accuracy of the PD of cervical mucus as a biologic marker of peak fertility and the estimated day of ovulation. An analysis of data from four published studies that compared the self-determination of the PD of cervical mucus with the urinary luteinizing hormone (LH) surge was conducted. The four studies yielded 108 menstrual cycle charts from 53 women participants. The 108 cycles ranged in length from 22 to 75 days (mean 29.4 SD 6.0). Ninety-three of the 108 cycles had both an identified PD and LH surge. Data charts showed that 97.8% of the PD fell within +/-4 days of the estimated day of ovulation. Use of a standardized mucus cycle scoring system indicated that the peak in cervical mucus ratings was highest on the day of the LH surge. Self-determination of the PD of cervical mucus is a very accurate means of determining peak fertility and a fairly accurate means of determining the day of ovulation and the beginning of the end of the fertile time.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"66","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"231","pageEnd":"235","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0010-7824(02)00355-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q78467205"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0010-7824(02)00355-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12413617"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q78467205"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/community-based-exercise-program-reduces-risk-factors-for-falls-in-65--to-75-yea-recyvvfmnbvqtz1p7/","name":"Community-based exercise program reduces risk factors for falls in 65- to 75-year-old women with osteoporosis: randomized controlled trial","headline":"Community-based exercise program reduces risk factors for falls in 65- to 75-year-old women with osteoporosis: randomized controlled trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/community-based-exercise-program-reduces-risk-factors-for-falls-in-65--to-75-yea-recyvvfmnbvqtz1p7/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"N D Carter","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1565-7602","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"B.C. Women's Hospital & Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c4nx247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H A McKay","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2465-9822","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Departments of Human Kinetics, Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, and Human Nutrition, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M A Petit","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8390-0773","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Waterman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"B.C. Women's Hospital & Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c4nx247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ari Heinonen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3681-9953","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"B.C. Women's Hospital & Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c4nx247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patricia A. Janssen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4178-1195","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Health Research Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0455vfz21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M G Donaldson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6555-0025","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"B.C. Women's Hospital & Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c4nx247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Mallinson"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lenore Riddell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"B.C. Women's Hospital & Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c4nx247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen Kruse","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"B.C. Women's Hospital & Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c4nx247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leon Flicker","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-0475","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K M Khan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6748-0668","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2002-10-29","abstract":"Background: Exercise programs improve balance, strength and agility in elderly people and thus may prevent falls. However, specific exercise programs that might be widely used in the community and that might be \"prescribed\" by physicians, especially for patients with osteoporosis, have not been evaluated. We conducted a randomized controlled trial of such a program designed specifically for women with osteoporosis.\n\nMethods: We identified women 65 to 75 years of age in whom osteoporosis had been diagnosed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in our hospital between 1996 and 2000 and who were not engaged in regular weekly programs of moderate or hard exercise. Women who agreed to participate were randomly assigned to participate in a twice-weekly exercise class or to not participate in the class. We measured baseline data and, 20 weeks later, changes in static balance (by dynamic posturography), dynamic balance (by a timed figure-eight run) and knee extension strength (by dynamometry).\n\nResults: Of 93 women who began the trial, 80 completed it. Before adjustment for covariates, the intervention group tended to have greater, although nonsignificant, improvements in static balance (mean difference 4.8%, 95% confidence interval [CI] -1.3% to 11.0%), dynamic balance (mean difference 3.3%, 95% CI -1.7% to 8.4%) and knee extension strength (mean difference 7.8%, 95% CI -5.4% to 21.0%). Mean crude changes in the static balance score were -0.85 (95% CI -2.91 to 1.21) for the control group and 1.40 (95% CI -0.66 to 3.46) for the intervention group. Mean crude changes in figure-eight velocity (dynamic balance) were 0.08 (95% CI 0.02 to 0.14) m/s for the control group and 0.14 (95% CI 0.08 to 0.20) m/s for the intervention group. For knee extension strength, mean changes were -0.58 (95% CI -3.02 to 1.81) kg/m for the control group and 1.03 (95% CI -1.31 to 3.34) kg/m for the intervention group. After adjustment for age, physical activity and years of estrogen use, the improvement in dynamic balance was 4.9% greater for the intervention group than for the control group (p = 0.044). After adjustment for physical activity, cognitive status and number of fractures ever, the improvement in knee extension strength was 12.8% greater for the intervention group than for the control group (p = 0.047). The intervention group also had a 6.3% greater improvement in static balance after adjustment for rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, but this difference was not significant (p = 0.06).\n\nInterpretation: Relative to controls, participants in the exercise program experienced improvements in dynamic balance and strength, both important determinants of risk for falls, particularly in older women with osteoporosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"167","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"CMAJ"}}},"pageStart":"997","pageEnd":"1004","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/c-reactive-protein-history-and-revival-rec0xabke3jc6pmdo/","name":"C-reactive protein: history and revival","headline":"C-reactive protein: history and revival","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/c-reactive-protein-history-and-revival-rec0xabke3jc6pmdo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hans C Ablij","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Leiden University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xvt9f17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A. Edo Meinders","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Leiden University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xvt9f17"}}],"datePublished":"2002-10-18","abstract":"C-reactive protein (CRP) is the prototype acute-phase protein, which can increase up to 1000-fold after the onset of a stimulus. Aside from its disputed role as a marker of infection and/or inflammation in daily clinical practice, the protein has a wide variety of biological properties and functions. Due to its opsonizing abilities and its capability to activate human complement, CRP plays an important role in the innate host defense against different microorganisms, such as bacteria and fungi. The same opsonophagocyting properties can lead to clearance of host cell material, including nuclear constituents. Inflammation is one of the cornerstones in the etiology and pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, which led to worldwide attention being focused on CRP and its role in the process of atherosclerosis. This role may have a dual character. First, CRP levels reflect the 'burden' of inflammation within atherosclerotic lesions, thus reflecting the grade of vulnerability and instability of the plaques. For this reason, an increased level of the protein may be a prelude to rupture of the plaque and, thus, to occlusive arterial disease. Secondly, CRP may play an active role in the atherosclerotic process. CRP plays a role in the expression of different adhesion molecules on endothelial cells and the protein is able to activate human complement within the plaque. Furthermore, the recent discovery of local production of CRP and complement proteins within the plaque suggests an active role for the protein in the inflammatory cascade. Whatever the role for CRP in the atherosclerotic process, it has been proven that an elevated CRP level, with a cut-off point of approximately 3 mg/l, is associated with an increased risk of occlusive arterial disease, especially acute coronary syndromes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European Journal of Internal Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"412","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0953-6205(02)00132-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45174694"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0953-6205(02)00132-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12384129"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q45174694"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/massive-and-acute-hemoperitoneum-due-to-rupture-of-the-uterine-artery-by-erosion-recn3zdtddihhzhql/","name":"Massive and acute hemoperitoneum due to rupture of the uterine artery by erosion from an endometriotic lesion","headline":"Massive and acute hemoperitoneum due to rupture of the uterine artery by erosion from an endometriotic lesion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/massive-and-acute-hemoperitoneum-due-to-rupture-of-the-uterine-artery-by-erosion-recn3zdtddihhzhql/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Laura J David","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Case Western Reserve University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/051fd9666"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas I Janicki","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospitals of Cleveland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130jk839"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rana Skaf","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Case Western Reserve University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/051fd9666"}}],"datePublished":"2002-10-10","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To report a case of acute hemoperitoneum due to erosion of the uterine artery by an endometriotic lesion of the left ovary.\n\nDESIGN: Case report and review of literature.\n\nSETTING: University medical center.\n\nPATIENT(S): A 39-year-old nulliparous woman with stage 3 endometriosis.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Operative laparoscopy followed by laparotomy, oophorectomy, and ligation of the bleeding uterine artery.\n\nRESULT(S): Patient is fully recovered and is attempting to conceive.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): An endometriotic lesion eroded the wall of the uterine artery, causing massive, acute hemoperitoneum. Such an event may be overlooked during laparotomy and attributed to the trauma of surgery.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"78","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"879","pageEnd":"881","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03348-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34953166"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03348-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12372473"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34953166"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/peritoneal-defects-and-the-development-of-endometriosis-in-relation-to-the-timin-rec0axckfuis8kpuo/","name":"Peritoneal defects and the development of endometriosis in relation to the timing of endoscopic surgery during the menstrual cycle","headline":"Peritoneal defects and the development of endometriosis in relation to the timing of endoscopic surgery during the menstrual cycle","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/peritoneal-defects-and-the-development-of-endometriosis-in-relation-to-the-timin-rec0axckfuis8kpuo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Karl-Werner Schweppe","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2617-4650","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Göttingen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y9bpm73"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dieter Ring","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Göttingen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y9bpm73"}}],"datePublished":"2002-10-10","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: In vitro studies demonstrated that implantation on membranes (peritoneum, amniotic membranes) can take place if there are defects on the surface of the membranes. If these mechanisms play a role for the development of endometriosis in vivo, then patients with surgical treatment of peritoneal endometriosis in the luteal phase must have a high recurrence rate.\n\nDESIGN: Retrospective analysis of operation charts and follow-up data.\n\nSETTING: Department of gynecology, in a hospital-based endometriosis treatment center.\n\nPATIENT(S): Two hundred twenty premenopausal women.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Laparoscopic treatment for peritoneal endometriosis, stage I and II by revised American Society for Reproductive Medicine guidelines.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): During the follow-up period of 2 years, symptoms and gynecological and sonographic findings were documented. In case of suspected recurrence a repeat laparoscopy with biopsy was performed to prove the recurrent endometriosis macroscopically and histologically.\n\nRESULT(S): The total recurrence rate after 2 years was 9.6%. The recurrence rate of group III (15%) was twice as high as those of group I (7%) and group II (8%), as indicated by subjective complaints, clinical findings, macroscopy, and histology; no differences were found between groups I and II.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Endoscopic surgery for the treatment of peritoneal endometriosis should not be performed in the luteal phase.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"78","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"763","pageEnd":"766","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03431-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q78353278"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03431-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12372453"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q78353278"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/antiphospholipid-syndrome-in-pregnancy-a-randomized-controlled-trial-of-treatmen-recn92vavustkgdqo/","name":"Antiphospholipid syndrome in pregnancy: a randomized, controlled trial of treatment","headline":"Antiphospholipid syndrome in pregnancy: a randomized, controlled trial of treatment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/antiphospholipid-syndrome-in-pregnancy-a-randomized-controlled-trial-of-treatmen-recn92vavustkgdqo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Roy G Farquharson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Liverpool Womens NHS Foundation Trust","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04q5r0746"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael Greaves"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Siobhan Quenby","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3221-5471","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital Coventry","sameAs":"https://ror.org/025821s54"}}],"datePublished":"2002-09-11","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of low-dose aspirin alone versus low-dose aspirin plus low molecular weight heparin in pregnant women with antiphospholipid syndrome and recurrent miscarriage as prophylaxis against pregnancy loss.\n\nMETHODS: From a regional miscarriage clinic, 119 consecutive women with persistently positive tests for lupus anticoagulant and/or anticardiolipin immunoglobulin G and M antibody were invited to participate in a randomized, controlled trial between 1997 and 2000. After ethical approval and adherence to a written protocol, 12 women were unwilling to participate, five failed exclusion/inclusion criteria, and four were nonpregnant. Laboratory analysis was performed by Sheffield University Coagulation Department, electronically generated randomization by Manchester University Centre for Cancer Epidemiology, and data collection and analysis by a research officer at Leeds University. Viability ultrasound every 2 weeks was provided until 12 weeks' gestation before transfer to the pregnancy support antenatal clinic.\n\nRESULTS: Ninety-eight women were randomized before 12 weeks' gestation. Forty-seven received low-dose aspirin 75 mg daily (group A), and 51 received low-dose aspirin plus low molecular weight heparin 5000 U subcutaneously daily (group B) throughout pregnancy. There were 13 pregnancy losses and 34 live births in group A and 11 losses and 40 live births in group B. The live-birth rate was 72% in group A and 78% in group B (odds ratio 1.39, 95% confidence interval 0.55, 3.47). There were no cases of maternal thrombosis in either group.\n\nCONCLUSION: A high success rate is achieved when low-dose aspirin is used for antiphospholipid syndrome in pregnancy. The addition of low molecular weight heparin does not significantly improve pregnancy outcome.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"100","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"408","pageEnd":"413","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(02)02165-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28193717"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0029-7844(02)02165-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12220757"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28193717"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/molecular-progress-in-infertility-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-rec1kll4aesgzqxn4/","name":"Molecular progress in infertility: polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"Molecular progress in infertility: polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/molecular-progress-in-infertility-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-rec1kll4aesgzqxn4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard S Legro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9927-7584","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01h22ap11"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerome F Strauss","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6199-0480","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pennsylvania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10"}}],"datePublished":"2002-09-07","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To review the evidence that polycystic ovary syndrome is a genetic disease.\n\nDESIGN: Review of published literature.\n\nRESULTS: The existing literature provides a strong basis for arguing that PCOS clusters in families. However, the mode of inheritance of the disorder is still uncertain, although the majority of studies are consistent with an autosomal dominant pattern, modified perhaps by environmental factors. In addition, studies on PCOS cells (theca, muscle, and adipocytes) in culture have documented a persistent biochemical and molecular phenotype that distinguishes them from normal cells. Although several loci have been proposed as PCOS genes including CYP11A, the insulin gene, and a region near the insulin receptor, the evidence supporting linkage is not overwhelming. The strongest case can be made for the region near the insulin receptor gene, as it has been identified in two separate studies. However, the responsible gene at chromosome 19p13.3 remains to be identified. Association studies have provided a number of potential loci with genetic variants that may create or add to a PCOS phenotype, including Calpain 10, IRS-1 and -2, and SHBG.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Collectively, these findings are consistent with the concept that a gene or several genes are linked to PCOS susceptibility. Because the mutations/genotypes associated with PCOS are rare, and their full impact on the phenotype incompletely understood, routine screening of women with PCOS or stigmata of PCOS for these genetic variants is not indicated at this time. Currently the treatment implications for individually identified genetic variants is uncertain and must be addressed on a case by case basis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"78","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"569","pageEnd":"576","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03275-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34148093"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03275-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12215335"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34148093"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/increased-prevalence-of-insulin-resistance-in-women-with-a-history-of-recurrent--recmmrzwnos6hkxuy/","name":"Increased prevalence of insulin resistance in women with a history of recurrent pregnancy loss","headline":"Increased prevalence of insulin resistance in women with a history of recurrent pregnancy loss","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/increased-prevalence-of-insulin-resistance-in-women-with-a-history-of-recurrent--recmmrzwnos6hkxuy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"LaTasha B Craig","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7311-8603","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis 38163, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"William H Kutteh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6049-3842","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tennessee Health Science Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0011qv509"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Raymond W Ke","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tennessee Health Science Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0011qv509"}}],"datePublished":"2002-09-07","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine whether insulin resistance is associated with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL).\n\nDESIGN: Single center, case-controlled, prospective study.\n\nSETTING: University-associated reproductive endocrinology clinical practice.\n\nPATIENT(S): Seventy-four nonpregnant, nondiabetic women with RPL. Controls were 74 fertile, nonpregnant, nondiabetic women without RPL who had at least one live infant, and were matched by age, race, and body mass index (BMI).\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Both groups consented to obtaining fasting insulin and glucose levels.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Insulin resistance was defined as a fasting insulin level >20 microU/mL or a fasting glucose to insulin ratio of <4.5.\n\nRESULT(S): Among the 74 women with RPL, 20 (27.0%) demonstrated insulin resistance, whereas only 7 of 74 (9.5%) of the matched controls were insulin resistant (odds ratio 3.55; 95% confidence interval 1.40-9.01). The RPL and control groups were similar with respect to age, ethnicity, and BMI. The RPL and control groups had similar fasting glucose levels and glucose-to-insulin ratios. However, fasting insulin levels > or =20 microU/mL were statistically different between the two groups (odds ratio 3.92).\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Women with RPL have a significantly increased prevalence of insulin resistance when compared with matched fertile controls.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"78","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"487","pageEnd":"490","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03247-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127878"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03247-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12215322"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44127878"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/daily-fecundability-first-results-from-a-new-data-base-rechrndkyfarvndta/","name":"Daily fecundability: first results from a new data base","headline":"Daily fecundability: first results from a new data base","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/daily-fecundability-first-results-from-a-new-data-base-rechrndkyfarvndta/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bernardo Colombo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3825-3240","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David B Dunson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Masarotto"}],"datePublished":"2002-08-15","abstract":"This multicenter study has produced a database of 7017 menstrual cycles contributed by 881 women. It provides improved knowledge on length and location of the \"fertile window\" (identified as of up to 12 days duration) and the patterns and level of daily conception probability. The day of ovulation was identified in each cycle from records of basal body temperature and mucus symptoms. By referencing days of intercourse to the surrogate ovulation markers, estimates of daily fecundability were computed either directly or by the Scwartz model, both for single and multiple acts of intercourse in the fertile window. The relationship between coital pattern and fecundability has been explored. Univariate analysis underlines the significant link with fecundability only of the woman's reproductive history.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"461","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Demographic Research"}}},"pageStart":"39]","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.4054/demres.2000.3.5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30713427"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4054/demres.2000.3.5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12178154"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q30713427"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/should-patients-with-polycystic-ovarian-syndrome-be-treated-with-metformin-an-en-recexzwoa9h3egte2/","name":"Should patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome be treated with metformin?: an enthusiastic endorsement","headline":"Should patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome be treated with metformin?: an enthusiastic endorsement","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/should-patients-with-polycystic-ovarian-syndrome-be-treated-with-metformin-an-en-recexzwoa9h3egte2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"John E Nestler","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/057xmsr27"}}],"datePublished":"2002-08-02","abstract":"Insulin resistance is a prominent feature of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), and women with the disorder are at increased risk for the development of other diseases that have been linked to insulin resistance-namely, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. This association between insulin resistance and PCOS must guide the chronic management of the disorder, and accumulating evidence suggests that administration of insulin-sensitizing drugs to individuals at high risk for type 2 diabetes decreases the rate of conversion to overt disease. In contrast, limited evidence exists to suggest that oral contraceptive pills-the currently standard therapy for PCOS-may actually decrease insulin sensitivity and induce impaired glucose tolerance in women with PCOS. Hence, PCOS should be regarded as a general health issue and the use of insulin-sensitizing drugs such as metformin should be considered for the prevention of type 2 diabetes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1950","pageEnd":"1953","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/17.8.1950","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34768969"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/17.8.1950"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12151419"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34768969"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/intracytoplasmic-sperm-injection-pregnancy-after-low-dose-human-chorionic-gonado-recevqyf6zgl9w52b/","name":"Intracytoplasmic sperm injection pregnancy after low-dose human chorionic gonadotropin alone to support ovarian folliculogenesis","headline":"Intracytoplasmic sperm injection pregnancy after low-dose human chorionic gonadotropin alone to support ovarian folliculogenesis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/intracytoplasmic-sperm-injection-pregnancy-after-low-dose-human-chorionic-gonado-recevqyf6zgl9w52b/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marco Filicori","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4995-0317","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stefania Taraborrelli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6744-6830","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bologna","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01111rn36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lodovico Parmegiani","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3901-885X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bologna","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01111rn36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Silvia Bernardi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1050-3096","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bologna","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01111rn36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Walter Ciampaglia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9367-866X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bologna","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01111rn36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Graciela Estela Cognigni","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bologna","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01111rn36"}}],"datePublished":"2002-07-26","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To prove that several days of low-dose hCG alone can be used to stimulate folliculogenesis, complete FSH-initiated follicle/oocyte maturation, and achieve pregnancy in assisted reproduction technology.\n\nDESIGN: Case report.\n\nSETTING: Reproductive endocrinology center at an academic institution.\n\nPATIENT(S): A 35-year-old female patient and her partner with male-related infertility.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): After an 8-day priming with hMG (225 IU/d), we administered low-dose hCG (200 IU/d) alone for 5 days in one GnRH-agonist suppressed patient until proper follicle development was obtained and intracytoplasmic sperm injection was performed.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Daily serum levels of LH, FSH, hCG, E(2), P, and T; measurements of follicle number and size; oocytes retrieved and fertilized; pregnancy.\n\nRESULT(S): Although FSH levels rapidly declined after hMG discontinuation, E(2) and large follicles increased during hCG-only administration. Several good quality oocytes were retrieved and fertilized by intracytoplasmic sperm injection; three embryos were transferred and a twin pregnancy ensued.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Replacement of FSH with low-dose hCG for several days in the late ovulation induction stages of assisted reproduction technology resulted in: [1] continued growth of large ovarian follicles and E(2); [2] an optimal preovulatory follicle pattern consisting of many large and few medium and small follicles; and [3] reproductively competent oocytes and pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"78","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"414","pageEnd":"416","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03243-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48854739"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03243-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12137883"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q48854739"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-factors-associated-with-systemic-lupus-erythematosis-in-a-mexican-populatio-rec8egmjrjlitkrdg/","name":"Risk factors associated with systemic lupus erythematosis in a Mexican  population","headline":"Risk factors associated with systemic lupus erythematosis in a Mexican  population","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-factors-associated-with-systemic-lupus-erythematosis-in-a-mexican-populatio-rec8egmjrjlitkrdg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Adolfo Camargo‐Coronel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5630-9728","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mexican Social Security Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xddgg98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Escobedo-de la Peña J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Adolfo Camargo-Coronel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8641-2967"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jorge Escobedo-de la Peña","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8191-3597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mexican Social Security Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xddgg98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonio Fraga","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7912-7976","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mexican Social Security Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xddgg98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Francisco Javier Jiménez-Balderas","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mexican Social Security Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xddgg98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leoncio Miguel Rodríguez-Guzmán","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mexican Social Security Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xddgg98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Abraham Zonana-Nacach","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mexican Social Security Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xddgg98"}}],"datePublished":"2002-07-23","abstract":"Objective: To assess risk factors associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in the Mexican population.\n\nMATERIAL AND Methods: A case-control study was conducted on June 1996, at the Reumathology Clinic of Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI (HE CMN), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, in Mexico City. Cases were one hundred thirty subjects with four or more SLE criteria and disease evolution of +/- 5 years. Controls were hospitalized patients with acute diseases but without autoimmune diseases. Cases and controls were matched 1:1 by age and gender; both groups were evaluated by direct interview through a structured questionnaire. The following risk factors were assessed: genetic family history of SLE and connective tissue disease; socioedemographic (ethnicity, geographic distribution, education, monthly income); hormonal (use of oral contraceptives, replacement therapy and gynecoobstetric background); environmental (use of hair products, living with dogs, bacterial/viral infections, and allergies). Statistical analysis consisted of odd ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) and multivariate analysis using logistic regression.\n\nResults: The multivariate model showed association with family history of SLE (OR 4.2, CI 95% 1.17-15.2), family history of connective tissue disorder (OR 2.6, CI 95% 1.15-4.5), use of oral contraceptives for more than one year (OR 2.1, CI 95% 1.13-4.3), repetitive pharyngitis (OR 2.1, CI 95% 1.18-3.6), and use of medications (OR 5.0 IC 95% 1.62-21.6). No association was found with socieconomic status, hair dye products, asthma, or allergies.\n\nConclusions: Genetic factors, such as family history of SLE and connective tissue disease in first-degree relatives, persist as important factors in the development of SLE. Other factors, such as use of some drugs, oral contraceptives, and repetitive pharyngitis, may also favor the onset of disease in genetically susceptible hosts. The English version of this paper is available at: http://www.insp.mx/salud/index.html.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"44","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Salud Publica De Mexico"}}},"pageStart":"213","pageEnd":"218","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1590/s0036-36342002000300004","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44124513"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1590/s0036-36342002000300004"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12132318"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44124513"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-and-reproductive-risk-factors-for-development-of-systemic-lupus-erythem-recqoydni66krt266/","name":"Hormonal and reproductive risk factors for development of systemic lupus  erythematosus: results of a population-based, case-control study","headline":"Hormonal and reproductive risk factors for development of systemic lupus  erythematosus: results of a population-based, case-control study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-and-reproductive-risk-factors-for-development-of-systemic-lupus-erythem-recqoydni66krt266/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Edward L Treadwell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3857-0431","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"East Carolina University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01vx35703"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E William St Clair","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1181-0650","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duke University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00py81415"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"St Clair EW"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gary S Gilkeson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4228-3574","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical University of South Carolina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012jban78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Glinda S Cooper","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Durham University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01v29qb04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Anne Dooley","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}}],"datePublished":"2002-07-19","abstract":"Objective: Estrogen and prolactin may accelerate the progression of murine systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In humans, 85% of lupus patients are women, which also suggests the importance of hormonal factors in disease pathogenesis. The purpose of this study was to examine hormonal and reproductive risk factors for lupus among women.\n\nMethods: This population-based, case-control study included 240 female SLE patients diagnosed between January 1, 1995 and July 31, 1999 who fulfilled the American College of Rheumatology classification criteria. Female controls (n = 321) were identified through driver's license records. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) as measures of association, adjusting for age, state, race, and education. Analyses were limited to exposures before diagnosis.\n\nResults: Breast-feeding was associated with a decreased risk of developing SLE (OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.4-0.9), with a statistically significant trend for number of babies breast-fed and total weeks of breast-feeding. There were no associations with number of pregnancies or live births. Natural menopause occurred earlier in women with subsequent development of SLE compared with controls (P < 0.001). There was little association between SLE and current use or duration of use of hormone replacement therapy or oral contraceptives, and no association with previous use of fertility drugs.\n\nConclusion: We found little evidence that estrogenor prolactin-related exposures are associated with an increased risk of lupus. The reduced risk observed among women who had breast-fed one or more babies should be examined in other studies. Early natural menopause, rather than decreasing risk of SLE because of reduced estrogen exposure, may be a marker of susceptibility to development of SLE.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"46","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Arthritis and Rheumatism"}}},"pageStart":"1830","pageEnd":"1839","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/art.10365","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43505242"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/art.10365"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12124867"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43505242"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risks-and-benefits-of-estrogen-plus-progestin-in-healthy-postmenopausal-women-pr-srpxllu3/","name":"Risks and Benefits of Estrogen Plus Progestin in Healthy Postmenopausal Women: Principal Results From the Women's Health Initiative Randomized Controlled Trial","headline":"Risks and Benefits of Estrogen Plus Progestin in Healthy Postmenopausal Women: Principal Results From the Women's Health Initiative Randomized Controlled Trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risks-and-benefits-of-estrogen-plus-progestin-in-healthy-postmenopausal-women-pr-srpxllu3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Writing Group for the Women's Health Initiative Investigators"}],"datePublished":"2002-07-17","abstract":"Context: Despite decades of accumulated observational evidence, the balance of risks and benefits for hormone use in healthy postmenopausal women remains uncertain.\n\nObjective: To assess the major health benefits and risks of the most commonly used combined hormone preparation in the United States.\n\nDesign: Estrogen plus progestin component of the Women's Health Initiative, a randomized controlled primary prevention trial (planned duration, 8.5 years) in which 16608 postmenopausal women aged 50-79 years with an intact uterus at baseline were recruited by 40 US clinical centers in 1993-1998.\n\nInterventions: Participants received conjugated equine estrogens, 0.625 mg/d, plus medroxyprogesterone acetate, 2.5 mg/d, in 1 tablet (n = 8506) or placebo (n = 8102).Main outcomes measuresThe primary outcome was coronary heart disease (CHD) (nonfatal myocardial infarction and CHD death), with invasive breast cancer as the primary adverse outcome. A global index summarizing the balance of risks and benefits included the 2 primary outcomes plus stroke, pulmonary embolism (PE), endometrial cancer, colorectal cancer, hip fracture, and death due to other causes.\n\nResults: On May 31, 2002, after a mean of 5.2 years of follow-up, the data and safety monitoring board recommended stopping the trial of estrogen plus progestin vs placebo because the test statistic for invasive breast cancer exceeded the stopping boundary for this adverse effect and the global index statistic supported risks exceeding benefits. This report includes data on the major clinical outcomes through April 30, 2002. Estimated hazard ratios (HRs) (nominal 95% confidence intervals [CIs]) were as follows: CHD, 1.29 (1.02-1.63) with 286 cases; breast cancer, 1.26 (1.00-1.59) with 290 cases; stroke, 1.41 (1.07-1.85) with 212 cases; PE, 2.13 (1.39-3.25) with 101 cases; colorectal cancer, 0.63 (0.43-0.92) with 112 cases; endometrial cancer, 0.83 (0.47-1.47) with 47 cases; hip fracture, 0.66 (0.45-0.98) with 106 cases; and death due to other causes, 0.92 (0.74-1.14) with 331 cases. Corresponding HRs (nominal 95% CIs) for composite outcomes were 1.22 (1.09-1.36) for total cardiovascular disease (arterial and venous disease), 1.03 (0.90-1.17) for total cancer, 0.76 (0.69-0.85) for combined fractures, 0.98 (0.82-1.18) for total mortality, and 1.15 (1.03-1.28) for the global index. Absolute excess risks per 10 000 person-years attributable to estrogen plus progestin were 7 more CHD events, 8 more strokes, 8 more PEs, and 8 more invasive breast cancers, while absolute risk reductions per 10 000 person-years were 6 fewer colorectal cancers and 5 fewer hip fractures. The absolute excess risk of events included in the global index was 19 per 10 000 person-years.\n\nConclusions: Overall health risks exceeded benefits from use of combined estrogen plus progestin for an average 5.2-year follow-up among healthy postmenopausal US women. All-cause mortality was not affected during the trial. The risk-benefit profile found in this trial is not consistent with the requirements for a viable intervention for primary prevention of chronic diseases, and the results indicate that this regimen should not be initiated or continued for primary prevention of CHD.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"288","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association"}}},"pageStart":"321","pageEnd":"333","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.288.3.321","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27860743"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jama.288.3.321"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q27860743"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/self-selected-women-with-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-are-reproductively-and-metabo-rec9nu2xhyot5mur6/","name":"Self-selected women with polycystic ovary syndrome are reproductively and metabolically abnormal and undertreated","headline":"Self-selected women with polycystic ovary syndrome are reproductively and metabolically abnormal and undertreated","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/self-selected-women-with-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-are-reproductively-and-metabo-rec9nu2xhyot5mur6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard S Legro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9927-7584","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01h22ap11"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Margrit Urbanek","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6994-7110","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pennsylvania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Allen R Kunselman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8485-2953","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hershey (United States)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02c4ez492"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Benjamin E Leiby","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0761-8383","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hershey (United States)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02c4ez492"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrea Dunaif","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4903-9374","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}}],"datePublished":"2002-07-04","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine whether self-selected women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are abnormal compared with a control population.\n\nDESIGN: Case-control.\n\nSETTING: Support group meeting organized and initiated by patients.\n\nPATIENT(S): Forty-five self-selected women with PCOS and 80 control women.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Self-selected women with PCOS at a peer support conference completed a questionnaire, had a brief physical, and gave a fasting blood sample.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Historical, biometric, and assay results.\n\nRESULT(S): Sixty percent of the women attending the conference participated in the study. Most had been diagnosed with PCOS on the basis of ovarian morphology (35%). They were more likely to be nulliparous and have a history of oligomenorrhea (96%). They were hyperandrogenemic (significantly elevated testosterone and DHEAS levels) compared with control women. Self-selected women with PCOS displayed multiple metabolic abnormalities compared with control women, including elevations in blood pressure, waist-hip ratio, fasting insulin, fasting total cholesterol, and fasting low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, as well as a significant decrease in fasting glucose-insulin ratio and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Self-selected women with PCOS have reproductive and metabolic abnormalities. The majority of these women received inadequate treatment despite having risk factors for endometrial cancer, diabetes, and/or heart disease. Our study also suggests that women attending or participating in a PCOS support group are willing and likely to participate in clinical studies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"78","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"51","pageEnd":"57","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03153-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44048848"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03153-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12095490"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44048848"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pulmonary-endometriosis-in-a-patient-with-unicornuate-uterus-and-noncommunicatin-reclap5adnop2jr86/","name":"Pulmonary endometriosis in a patient with unicornuate uterus and noncommunicating rudimentary horn","headline":"Pulmonary endometriosis in a patient with unicornuate uterus and noncommunicating rudimentary horn","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pulmonary-endometriosis-in-a-patient-with-unicornuate-uterus-and-noncommunicatin-reclap5adnop2jr86/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ioannis Matalliotakis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yale University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03v76x132"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Georgios E Koumantakis"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Neonaki","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Crete","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dr28g20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aydin Arici"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anastasia G Goumenou","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Crete","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dr28g20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eugenio E Koumantakis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Crete","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dr28g20"}}],"datePublished":"2002-07-04","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To report a rare case of a patient with catamenial hemoptysis, secondary infertility, and endometriosis associated with a unicornuate uterus and noncommunicating rudimentary horn.\n\nDESIGN: Case report.\n\nSETTING: University hospital.\n\nPATIENT(S): A 29-year-old woman who developed progressive catamenial hemoptysis and secondary infertility was evaluated at the University Hospital of Crete.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): The complete history, laboratory data, laparoscopic findings, and chest magnetic resonance image of this patient were analyzed. A GnRH agonist, leuprolide acetate, was successfully administered.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Diagnosis and appropriate treatment of pulmonary endometriosis in a patient with rudimentary uterine horn.\n\nRESULT(S): Treatment with a GnRH agonist achieved suppression of both menstruation and hemoptysis. After 6 months of normal menstrual activity, the symptoms reappeared. The patient was again treated with leuprolide acetate (3.75 mg/mo IM) for 6 months and remained asymptomatic. In fact, the patient became pregnant after cessation of therapy. Finally, the patient was treated successfully with removal of the rudimentary uterine horn during cesarean section. Three-year follow-up showed disappearance of the chest symptoms.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Pulmonary endometriosis and unicornuate uteri are rare. To our knowledge, this is the first case of catamenial hemoptysis with a congenital müllerian anomaly. We describe successful management using a combination of GnRH agonist and surgical resection of the rudimentary uterine horn.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"78","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"183","pageEnd":"185","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03188-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44048890"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03188-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12095511"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44048890"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/factors-influencing-the-cumulative-conception-rate-and-discontinuation-of-in-vit-recirlkao5nysb6gc/","name":"Factors influencing the cumulative conception rate and discontinuation of in vitro fertilization treatment for infertility","headline":"Factors influencing the cumulative conception rate and discontinuation of in vitro fertilization treatment for infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/factors-influencing-the-cumulative-conception-rate-and-discontinuation-of-in-vit-recirlkao5nysb6gc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Vinay Sharma","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7691-1706","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St James's University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/013s89d74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Victoria Allgar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5228-2623","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00v4dac24"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Rajkhowa","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St James's University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/013s89d74"}}],"datePublished":"2002-07-04","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To examine the cumulative conception rate and live birth rate in women undergoing IVF and to assess the influence of prognostic factors on cumulative conception rate and discontinuation of treatment.\n\nDESIGN: Retrospective analysis of data from couples undergoing IVF.\n\nSETTING: Assisted conception unit of a university hospital.\n\nPATIENT(S): Two thousand fifty-six patients undergoing 2708 cycles of IVF from April 1992 to March 1999.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Cumulative conception rate by age, number of oocytes retrieved, and embryos transferred, and the influence of these factors on dropout rates.\n\nRESULT(S): The cumulative conception rate and cumulative live birth rate after four attempts were 75% and 66%, respectively. The cumulative conception rate differed significantly between women 35 years of age or younger and those older than 35 years who had five or more oocytes retrieved (83% vs. 63%). When fewer than five oocytes were retrieved in women 35 years of age or younger, the cumulative conception rate decreased to 33%. Overall, 36% of patients continued treatment after the first attempt; these patients were more likely to have more than five oocytes retrieved and more than two embryos available for transfer.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: The cumulative conception rate was greater when the female partner was 35 years of age or younger and had more than five oocytes retrieved and more than two embryos were available for transfer. These factors influenced dropout rates.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"78","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"40","pageEnd":"46","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03160-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48857301"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03160-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12095488"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q48857301"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstrual-cycle-beta-endorphins-and-pain-sensitivity-in-premenstrual-dysphoric-d-reckuip0dplkw9c4l/","name":"Menstrual cycle, beta-endorphins, and pain sensitivity in premenstrual dysphoric  disorder","headline":"Menstrual cycle, beta-endorphins, and pain sensitivity in premenstrual dysphoric  disorder","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstrual-cycle-beta-endorphins-and-pain-sensitivity-in-premenstrual-dysphoric-d-reckuip0dplkw9c4l/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Cort A Pedersen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3194-0025","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nancy Costello"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan S Girdler","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0190-0938","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathleen C Light","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"William Maixner","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patricia A Straneva","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 27599-7175, USA. susan_girdler@med.unc.edu","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}}],"datePublished":"2002-07-02","abstract":"This study examined pain sensitivity and pain modularity mechanisms (e.g., beta-endorphin levels, blood pressure) in women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD; n = 27) and healthy controls (n = 27) during the follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle. Physiological measures were taken during rest and ischemic pain testing. In both cycle phases, PMDD women (a) displayed lower resting cortisol and beta-endorphin levels and (b) exhibited shorter pain threshold and tolerance times and greater pain unpleasantness ratings during pain. PMDD women also reported greater pain unpleasantness and intensity and had lower beta-endorphin levels in their luteal phase and tended to display higher blood pressure levels at rest and during pain testing. Results suggest that endogenous opioids may be pathophysiologically relevant to PMDD and that the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis may modulate pain sensitivity in PMDD.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Health Psychology : Official Journal of the Division of Health Psychology,  American Psychological Association"}}},"pageStart":"358","pageEnd":"367","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-6133.21.4.358","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44045471"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1037/0278-6133.21.4.358"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12090678"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44045471"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cognitive-therapy-of-depression-recbvpemutszef6u7/","name":"Cognitive therapy of depression: pretreatment patient predictors of outcome","headline":"Cognitive therapy of depression: pretreatment patient predictors of outcome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cognitive-therapy-of-depression-recbvpemutszef6u7/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Beck AT"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kate E Hamilton","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Keith S. Dobson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9542-0822","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Calgary","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shaw BF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A John Rush","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2004-2382","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05byvp690"}}],"datePublished":"2002-07-01","abstract":"This review examines the role of patient predictors of outcome in cognitive therapy of depression. Studies that meet eligibility criteria are reviewed for demonstrated linkage between various predictors (i.e., pretreatment severity, historical features, demographic predictors, dysfunctional attitudes and other cognitive features, and treatment acceptability) and outcome, and several effects are found. Notably, high pretreatment severity scores are associated with poorer response to cognitive therapy, as are high chronicity, younger age at onset, an increased number of previous episodes, and marital status. High pretreatment levels of dysfunctional attitudes and certain beliefs about the nature of depression were also found to predict differential response to cognitive therapy of depression. Limitations of the research and directions for further investigations of patient predictors of outcome in cognitive therapy of depression are provided.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical psychology review"}}},"pageStart":"875","pageEnd":"893","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0272-7358(02)00106-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34818698"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0272-7358(02)00106-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12214329"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34818698"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-new-approach-to-the-development-of-assessment-guidelines-for-osteoporosis-recfocwns4pivxnbt/","name":"A new approach to the development of assessment guidelines for osteoporosis","headline":"A new approach to the development of assessment guidelines for osteoporosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-new-approach-to-the-development-of-assessment-guidelines-for-osteoporosis-recfocwns4pivxnbt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"JA Kanis, D Black, C Cooper, P Dargent, B Dawson-Hughes, C De Laet, P Delmas, J Eisman, O Johnell, B Jonsson, L Melton, A Oden, S Papapoulos, H Pols, R Rizzoli, A Silman, A Tenenhouse and the CaMos Research Group"}],"datePublished":"2002-07-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Osteoporos Int"}}},"pageStart":"527","pageEnd":"536","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s001980200069","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57417245"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s001980200069"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12111012"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q57417245"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-endometriosis-on-in-vitro-fertilization-rech28tykpwibiuh8/","name":"Effect of endometriosis on in vitro fertilization","headline":"Effect of endometriosis on in vitro fertilization","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-endometriosis-on-in-vitro-fertilization-rech28tykpwibiuh8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kurt T. Barnhart","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9499-8144","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pennsylvania Health System","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04h81rw26"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christos Coutifaris","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pennsylvania Health System","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04h81rw26"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rebecca Dunsmoor-Su","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pennsylvania Health System","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04h81rw26"}}],"datePublished":"2002-06-12","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To investigate the IVF outcome for patients with endometriosis.\n\nDESIGN: Meta-analysis.\n\nSETTING: Academic research center.\n\nPATIENT(S): A MEDLINE search and review of the literature were performed. Patients were classified by level of endometriosis, and controls were classified according to the indication for IVF.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Bivariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate overall effect and control for confounding.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Pregnancy rates, fertilization rate, implantation rates, and numbers of oocytes retrieved.\n\nRESULT(S): Twenty-two published studies were included in the overall analysis. The chance of achieving pregnancy was significantly lower for endometriosis patients (odds ratio, 0.56; 95% confidence interval, 0.44-0.70) when compared with tubal factor controls. Multivariate analysis also demonstrated a decrease in fertilization and implantation rates, and a significant decrease in the number of oocytes retrieved for endometriosis patients. Pregnancy rates for women with severe endometriosis were significantly lower than for women with mild disease (odds ratio, 0.60; 95% confidence interval, 0.42-0.87).\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Patients with endometriosis-associated infertility undergoing IVF respond with significantly decreased levels of all markers of reproductive process, resulting in a pregnancy rate that is almost one half that of women with other indications for IVF. These data suggest that the effect of endometriosis is not exclusively on the receptivity of the endometrium but also on the development of the oocyte and embryo.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"77","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1148","pageEnd":"1155","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03112-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34679129"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03112-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12057720"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34679129"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-of-a-new-method-of-family-planning-the-standard-days-method-recjp6sfyc8lkyeys/","name":"Efficacy of a new method of family planning: the Standard Days Method","headline":"Efficacy of a new method of family planning: the Standard Days Method","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-of-a-new-method-of-family-planning-the-standard-days-method-recjp6sfyc8lkyeys/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marcos Arévalo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5877-4824","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Victoria Jennings","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9447-4260","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Irit Sinai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2445-7577","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute for Reproductive Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00jt1e157"}}],"datePublished":"2002-06-12","abstract":"The Standard Days Method is a fertility awareness-based method of family planning in which users avoid unprotected intercourse during cycle Days 8 through 19. A prospective multi-center efficacy trial was conducted to test, in a heterogeneous population, the contraceptive efficacy of the Standard Days Method. A total of 478 women, age 18-39 years, in Bolivia, Peru, and the Philippines, with self-reported cycles of 26-32 days, desiring to delay pregnancy at least one year were admitted to the study. A single decrement multi-censoring life table analysis of the data indicate a cumulative probability of pregnancy of 4.75% over 13 cycles of correct use of the method, and a 11.96% probability of pregnancy under typical use. This article describes the study and the results. Results suggest that despite its requirement that couples modify their sexual behavior when the woman is fertile, the Standard Days Method provides significant protection from unplanned pregnancy and is acceptable to couples in a wide range of settings.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"65","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"333","pageEnd":"338","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0010-7824(02)00288-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28203748"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0010-7824(02)00288-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12057784"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28203748"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/n-acetyl-cysteine-treatment-improves-insulin-sensitivity-in-women-with-polycysti-recp8nuijx3nnhq7n/","name":"N-acetyl-cysteine treatment improves insulin sensitivity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"N-acetyl-cysteine treatment improves insulin sensitivity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/n-acetyl-cysteine-treatment-improves-insulin-sensitivity-in-women-with-polycysti-recp8nuijx3nnhq7n/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Maria Fulghesu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8116-3968","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Luigi Selvaggi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3910-1963","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonio Lanzone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4119-414X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oasi Maria SS","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dqmaq38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gian Franco Ayala","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oasi Maria SS","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dqmaq38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chiara Belosi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mario Ciampelli","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Giuseppe Muzj","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}}],"datePublished":"2002-06-12","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) on insulin secretion and peripheral insulin resistance in subjects with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).\n\nDESIGN: Prospective data analysis.\n\nSETTING: Volunteer women in an academic research environment.\n\nPATIENT(S): Six lean and 31 obese subjects, aged 19-33 years.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Patients were treated for 5-6 weeks with NAC at a dose of 1.8 g/day orally. A dose of 3 g/day was arbitrarily chosen for massively obese subjects. Six of 31 obese patients with PCOS were treated with placebo and served as controls.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Before and after the treatment period, the hormonal and lipid blood profile and insulin sensitivity, assessed by an hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp, were evaluated and an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed.\n\nRESULT(S): Fasting glucose, fasting insulin, and glucose area under curve (AUC) were unchanged after treatment. Insulin AUC after OGTT was significantly reduced, and the peripheral insulin sensitivity increased after NAC administration, whereas the hepatic insulin extraction was unaffected. The NAC treatment induced a significant fall in T levels and in free androgen index values (P<.05). In analyzing patients according to their insulinemic response to OGTT, normoinsulinemic subjects and placebo-treated patients did not show any modification of the above parameters, whereas a significant improvement was observed in hyperinsulinemic subjects.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): NAC may be a new treatment for the improvement of insulin circulating levels and insulin sensitivity in hyperinsulinemic patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"77","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1128","pageEnd":"1135","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03133-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34132766"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03133-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12057717"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34132766"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/severity-of-premenstrual-symptoms-in-a-health-maintenance-organization-populatio-recrskgxlq7r1lcrg/","name":"Severity of premenstrual symptoms in a health maintenance organization population","headline":"Severity of premenstrual symptoms in a health maintenance organization population","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/severity-of-premenstrual-symptoms-in-a-health-maintenance-organization-populatio-recrskgxlq7r1lcrg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Anita Chawla","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6120-5046"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sean Kennedy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4393-9785","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"John Radcliffe Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0080acb59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stacey Long","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6208-0294"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Barbara Sternfeld","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaiser Permanente","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t60zh31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ralph Swindle"}],"datePublished":"2002-06-08","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To describe severity of emotional and physical symptoms in a large diverse sample; to examine demographic, health status, and behavioral correlates of symptom severity; and to describe use of medications and alternative remedies for premenstrual symptoms.\n\nMETHODS: A total of 1194 women, ages 21-45, selected from members of a large northern California health maintenance organization, completed daily ratings of symptom severity for two menstrual cycles. An empirically derived algorithm defined symptom severity groups as minimal (n = 186), moderate (n = 801), severe (n = 151), or premenstrual dysphoric disorder (n = 56). Symptom severity as a continuous variable was defined by the two-cycle mean symptom ratings in the luteal phase. Demographic, health status, and behavioral factors and use of treatments for premenstrual symptoms were assessed by self-report.\n\nRESULTS: Luteal phase symptom-specific ratings were generally significantly greater in the premenstrual dysphoric disorder group than in the other groups (P <.001). Symptom severity score increased with each comorbidity and decreased with each year of age. Symptom severity was also inversely associated with oral contraceptive use (emotional symptoms) and better perceived health (physical symptoms). Hispanics reported greater severity of symptoms, and Asians less, relative to whites. Use of herbal and nutritional supplements for premenstrual symptoms steadily increased from 10.8% in the minimal group to 30.4% in the premenstrual dysphoric disorder group (P <.01).\n\nCONCLUSION: The degree of premenstrual symptom severity varies in the population, is relatively constant within each woman over two consecutive cycles, particularly for emotional symptoms, and is influenced by age, race/ethnicity, and health status.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"99","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1014","pageEnd":"1024","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(02)01958-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46059918"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0029-7844(02)01958-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12052592"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46059918"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pcos-the-hidden-epidemic-recdhe3a31vcahzkt/","name":"What to do about the polycystic ovary 'epidemic'","headline":"What to do about the polycystic ovary 'epidemic'","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pcos-the-hidden-epidemic-recdhe3a31vcahzkt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thacher SS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"William J. Ledger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6465-4343","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"MRC Centre for Reproductive Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02f4tsf92"}}],"datePublished":"2002-06-01","abstract":"University department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Jessop Wing, Sheffield Correspondence to Professor William Ledger, Head of Reproductive Medicine,","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"293","pageEnd":"294","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/00001703-200206000-00008","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63359732"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/00001703-200206000-00008"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12032385"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q63359732"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diagnosing-postpartum-depression-can-we-do-better-receuaezilrowpbpn/","name":"Diagnosing postpartum depression: can we do better?","headline":"Diagnosing postpartum depression: can we do better?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diagnosing-postpartum-depression-can-we-do-better-receuaezilrowpbpn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Denise J Jamieson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2597-1201","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarah Smallwood Fergerson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga 30303, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael Lindsay","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7189-3448","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Emory University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43"}}],"datePublished":"2002-05-17","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale versus routine clinical evaluation to detect postpartum depression among a low-income inner-city population and to evaluate risk factors associated with a positive score on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: On the basis of the day of the month, all English-speaking patients who were seen for their postpartum visit were assigned either to routine clinical evaluation for postpartum depression or routine clinical evaluation plus the use of the 10-question Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale.\n\nRESULTS: During the 7-week study period, 72 women participated in the study: 35 women in the routine evaluation group and 37 women in the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale group. Women who completed the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale were significantly more likely than those in the routine evaluation group to be identified as being at risk for depression: 11 of 37 women (30%) versus 0 of 35 women (P <.001). A failed attempt at breast-feeding was associated with an increased risk of a score of > or =10 on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (relative risk, 3.78; 95% CI, 1.03-13.89).\n\nCONCLUSION: The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale appears to be a valuable and efficient tool for the identification of patients who are at risk for postpartum depression.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"186","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"899","pageEnd":"902","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1067/mob.2002.123404","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74115700"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1067/mob.2002.123404"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12015507"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q74115700"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/androgen-and-lipid-profiles-in-adolescents-with-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-who-we-recleyerdypxwcbw9/","name":"Androgen and lipid profiles in adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome who were treated with two forms of combined oral contraceptives","headline":"Androgen and lipid profiles in adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome who were treated with two forms of combined oral contraceptives","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/androgen-and-lipid-profiles-in-adolescents-with-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-who-we-recleyerdypxwcbw9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"George Mastorakos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1929-3275","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"George Creatsas","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National and Kapodistrian University of Athens","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gnjpq42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carolina Koliopoulos","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National and Kapodistrian University of Athens","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gnjpq42"}}],"datePublished":"2002-05-16","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of cyproterone acetate and desogestrel, as part of combined oral contraceptives, on lipid metabolism and hirsutism of adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).\n\nDESIGN: Prospective randomized clinical trial.\n\nSETTING: Outpatient gynecology clinic (referral center) of a university.\n\nPATIENT(S): Twenty-eight adolescent girls with clinical and biological hyperandrogenism and six or less menses during the past 12 months.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Group A (n = 14) received 0.15 mg of desogestrel plus 0.030 mg of ethinyl estradiol daily. Group B (n = 14) received 2 mg of cyproterone acetate plus 0.035 mg of ethinyl estradiol daily. Treatment was given for 21 days followed by a 7-day rest for a period of 12 months.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Hirsutism and lipid profile were evaluated before initiation and at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months of treatment. Androgen profile was evaluated before and at 12 months of treatment.\n\nRESULT(S): A significant decline of the Ferriman-Gallway hirsutism score was observed from the sixth month of therapy in both groups. During therapy, the levels of testosterone, free testosterone, Delta(4)-androstenedione, and 17OH-progesterone decreased significantly, whereas sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) increased significantly in both groups. The level of total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol increased significantly, whereas high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-I increased significantly from the third month of therapy in both groups. Total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratios remained unchanged. The levels of triglycerides increased significantly in the cyproterone acetate-treated group after the third month.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Treatment of adolescent girls with PCOS with the two studied formulations is comparably effective in decreasing hirsutism and androgen levels. Both combined oral contraceptives are associated with an increase of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and HDL cholesterol levels and no change of the total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratios. Treatment with the cyproterone acetate combined oral contraceptive is associated with a tendency toward increasing the levels of triglycerides.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"77","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"919","pageEnd":"927","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(02)02993-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43992052"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(02)02993-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12009344"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43992052"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/triplet-births-in-the-united-states-an-epidemic-of-high-risk-pregnancies-recjl6drsnrujzwsk/","name":"Triplet births in the United States. An epidemic of high-risk pregnancies","headline":"Triplet births in the United States. An epidemic of high-risk pregnancies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/triplet-births-in-the-united-states-an-epidemic-of-high-risk-pregnancies-recjl6drsnrujzwsk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Keith LG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Oleszczuk","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical University of Lublin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016f61126"}}],"datePublished":"2002-05-16","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To more precisely understand the changes in triplet births in recent years.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: Analysis of recent government and medical publications pertaining to triplets.\n\nRESULTS: Triplet births are at much greater risk than singletons of poor birth outcomes. More than 9 of 10 triplet births are born preterm (< 37 completed weeks of gestation) as compared with < 1 of 10 singleton infants. The average weight of a triplet newborn (1,698 g) is one-half that of a singleton newborn (3,358 g). The infant death rate for triplet and other higher-order multiple births is 12 times higher than that for singletons (93.7 as compared with 7.8 infant deaths per 1,000 live births).\n\nCONCLUSION: Based on their frequency of preterm birth, low birth weight and infant death rate, it is appropriate to characterize all triplet pregnancies as high risk.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"47","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"259","pageEnd":"265","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/measurement-properties-of-the-calendar-of-premenstrual-experience-in-patients-wi-recp3mw76simeeesx/","name":"Measurement properties of the calendar of premenstrual experience in patients with premenstrual syndrome","headline":"Measurement properties of the calendar of premenstrual experience in patients with premenstrual syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/measurement-properties-of-the-calendar-of-premenstrual-experience-in-patients-wi-recp3mw76simeeesx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Feuerstein M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Steven W Shaw","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3931-7297","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chang Gung Memorial Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02verss31"}}],"datePublished":"2002-05-16","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To assess the reliability and factor structure of the Calendar of Premenstrual Experiences (COPE) in premenstrual syndrome (PMS) patients.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: Healthy women diagnosed with PMS (N = 215) completed daily diaries assessing 22 PMS behavioral and physical symptoms over two consecutive months.\n\nRESULTS: Internal consistency (alpha) was high (.93-.94) for the COPE total score and behavioral subscale score and moderately high (.79) for the physical subscale score. Test-retest correlations produced lower estimates of reliability (.55-.59). Four factors, accounting for 64% of the total variance, were extracted: mood symptoms, somatic/cognitive symptoms, appetitive symptoms and fluid retention symptoms. Symptom reports increased in consecutive luteal phases for three of the four factors; however, the factor structure remained consistent in consecutive months.\n\nCONCLUSION: The COPE diary is a reliable instrument for identifying fluctuations in behavioral and physical symptoms during the luteal phase, and PMS symptoms can be reliably conceptualized within four factors. Symptom expression may increase in response to daily self-monitoring.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"47","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"279","pageEnd":"289","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-treatment-of-postpartum-depression-minimizing-infant-exposures-recbi10ii9pvk73al/","name":"The treatment of postpartum depression: minimizing infant exposures","headline":"The treatment of postpartum depression: minimizing infant exposures","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-treatment-of-postpartum-depression-minimizing-infant-exposures-recbi10ii9pvk73al/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Newport DJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hostetter A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arnold A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6179-8149","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Alfred Health"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Z N Stowe","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6320-8042","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Emory University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43"}}],"datePublished":"2002-05-09","abstract":"The first 3 postpartum months represent a high-risk period for psychiatric illnesses. This article reviews the prevalence and diagnostic criteria for postpartum illnesses, including the \"maternal blues,\" postpartum depression, and postpartum psychosis. Pharmacologic treatment of these disorders is often complicated by a patient's desire to breast-feed, yet there are no controlled trials of antidepressant treatment during lactation. Infant exposure and limitations to monitoring infant sera are reviewed. Lastly, a model and guide for reducing fetal and infant exposures is presented.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"63 Suppl 7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry"}},"pageStart":"31","pageEnd":"44","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/is-there-regional-variation-in-the-sf-36-scores-of-canadian-adults-recm0jagmdeedcbza/","name":"Is there regional variation in the SF-36 scores of Canadian adults?","headline":"Is there regional variation in the SF-36 scores of Canadian adults?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/is-there-regional-variation-in-the-sf-36-scores-of-canadian-adults-recm0jagmdeedcbza/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"WM Hopman, T Towheed, T Anastassiades, A Tenenhouse, S Poliquin, C Berger, L Joseph, J Brown, T Murray, JD Adachi, D Hanley, EA Papadimitropoulos and the CaMos Research Group."}],"datePublished":"2002-05-01","abstract":"Background: Canadian normative data for the Medical Outcomes Study 36-item short form (SF-36) have recently been published. However, there is evidence from other countries to suggest that regional variation in health-related quality of life (HRQOL) may exist. We therefore examined the SF-36 data from nine Canadian centres for evidence of systematic differences.\n\nMethods: Bayesian hierarchical modelling was used to compare the differences in the eight SF-36 domains and the two summary component scores within each of the age and gender strata across the nine sites.\n\nResults: Five domains and the two summary component scores showed little clinically important variation. Other than a small number of exceptions, there was little overall evidence of HRQOL differences across most domains and across most sites.\n\nInterpretation: Our finding of only a few small differences suggests that there is no need to develop region-specific Canadian normative data for the SF-36 health survey. Contexte: Les données normatives canadiennes s’appliquant à la version abrégée du questionnaire sur l’évolution médicale comportant 36 questions (SF-36) ont été publiées récemment. Toutefois, les données recueillies dans d’autres pays suggèrent qu’il peut exister des variations régionales au niveau de la qualité de vie reliée à l’état de santé (HRQOL). Nous avons donc étudié les données du SF-36 provenant de neuf centres canadiens pour démontrer les différences systématiques. Méthodes: Un modèle hiérarchique bayésien a été utilisé pour comparer les différences entre les résultats des huit domaines du SF-36 et des deux composantes sommaires pour chaque strate d’âge et de sexe, et ce, pour les neuf centres. Résultats: Les résultats de cinq domaines et des deux composantes sommaires démontraient des différences peu significatives cliniquement. Outre de rares exceptions, il y avait peu d’évidence de variations du HRQOL entre la plupart des domaines et des centres. Interprétation: Les résultats obtenus, ne démontrant que de légères différences, suggèrent qu’il n’est pas nécessaire d’établir des données normatives spécifiques aux régions du Canada pour le questionnaire de santé SF-36.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"93","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Can J Public Health"}}},"pageStart":"233","pageEnd":"237","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03405008","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52039283"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/BF03405008"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12050994"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q52039283"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/changes-with-age-in-the-level-and-duration-of-fertility-in-the-menstrual-cycle-t222clmc/","name":"Changes with age in the level and duration of fertility in the menstrual cycle","headline":"Changes with age in the level and duration of fertility in the menstrual cycle","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/changes-with-age-in-the-level-and-duration-of-fertility-in-the-menstrual-cycle-t222clmc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"David B Dunson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bernardo Colombo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3825-3240","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D D Baird","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5544-2653","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, PO Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}}],"datePublished":"2002-05-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Most analyses of age-related changes in fertility cannot separate effects due to reduced frequency of sexual intercourse from effects directly related to ageing. Information on intercourse collected daily through each menstrual cycle provides the data for estimating day-specific probabilities of pregnancy for specific days relative to ovulation, and these estimates allow unconfounded analysis of ageing effects. METHODS: A total of 782 healthy couples using natural family planning methods contributed prospective data on 5860 menstrual cycles. Day of ovulation was based on basal body temperature measurements. Estimates of day-specific probabilities of pregnancy and the length of the fertile window were compared across age groups. RESULTS: Nearly all pregnancies occurred within a 6 day fertile window. There was no evidence for a shorter fertile window in older men or women. On average, the day-specific probabilities of pregnancy declined with age for women from the late 20s onward, with probabilities of pregnancy twice as high for women aged 19-26 years compared with women aged 35-39 years. Controlling for age of the woman, fertility was significantly reduced for men aged >35 years. CONCLUSIONS: Women's fertility begins to decline in the late 20s with substantial decreases by the late 30s. Fertility for men is less affected by age, but shows significant decline by the late 30s.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/17.5.1399","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q53670811"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/17.5.1399"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11980771"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q53670811"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/combined-treatment-by-pentoxifylline-and-tocopherol-for-recipient-women-with-a-t-recr57lclfoqkliyi/","name":"Combined treatment by pentoxifylline and tocopherol for recipient women with a thin endometrium enrolled in an oocyte donation programme","headline":"Combined treatment by pentoxifylline and tocopherol for recipient women with a thin endometrium enrolled in an oocyte donation programme","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/combined-treatment-by-pentoxifylline-and-tocopherol-for-recipient-women-with-a-t-recr57lclfoqkliyi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"N. Ledee-Bataille","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lefaix JL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Chaouat"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Delanian"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Frydman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Antoine-Béclère","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sb8a726"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J-L Lefaix"},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Olivennes","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Antoine-Béclère","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sb8a726"}}],"datePublished":"2002-05-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: To evaluate the effect of an antifibrotic treatment by a combination of pentoxifylline (PTX) and tocopherol (vitamin E) in patients with a thin endometrium who were enrolled in an oocyte donation programme.\n\nMETHODS: Eighteen oocyte recipients who failed to develop a pre-ovulatory endometrial thickness of at least 6 mm after receiving vaginal micronized estradiol were enrolled in the study. The patients received a combination of PTX (800 mg/day) and vitamin E (1000 IU/day) for 6 months. The main outcome measurements were the change in endometrial thickness and the pregnancy and delivery rates after treatment.\n\nRESULTS: Endometrial thickness increased significantly (P <0.001), with a mean of (+/-SD) 4.9 +/-0.6 mm before and 6.2 +/- 1.4 mm after treatment, with 72% (13/18) of patients being good responders. Five patients either did not respond to the treatment or responded only slightly. Three patients, of which two had received previous radiotherapy, became spontaneously pregnant, and two became pregnant after embryo transfer. Three patients did not have embryo transfer. A total of four babies were delivered. The pregnancy rate was thus 33% and the delivery rate 27%.\n\nCONCLUSION: Treatment by combination of PTX and vitamin E appears to improve the pregnancy rate in patients with a thin endometrium by increasing the endometrial thickness and improving ovarian function. This was especially noticeable in patients who had previously received total body irradiation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1249","pageEnd":"1253","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/17.5.1249","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34125899"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/17.5.1249"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11980747"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34125899"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-longterm-naltrexone-treatment-on-endocrine-profile-clinical-features-a-oqwsthiu/","name":"Effect of long-term naltrexone treatment on endocrine profile, clinical features, and insulin sensitivity in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"Effect of long-term naltrexone treatment on endocrine profile, clinical features, and insulin sensitivity in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-longterm-naltrexone-treatment-on-endocrine-profile-clinical-features-a-oqwsthiu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Franca Fruzzetti","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8273-0258","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pisa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bersi C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Parrini D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ricci C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A R Genazzani","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pisa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10"}}],"datePublished":"2002-05-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"77","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"936","pageEnd":"944","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(02)02955-2","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(02)02955-2"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/routine-clinical-examination-is-not-sufficient-for-diagnosing-and-locating-deepl-recqpoq3qu2pliaj2/","name":"Routine clinical examination is not sufficient for diagnosing and locating deeply infiltrating endometriosis","headline":"Routine clinical examination is not sufficient for diagnosing and locating deeply infiltrating endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/routine-clinical-examination-is-not-sufficient-for-diagnosing-and-locating-deepl-recqpoq3qu2pliaj2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Charles Chapron","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2578-3163","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Délégation Paris 5","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02e0y6e06"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arnaud Fauconnier","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0724-6831","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00pg5jh14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bertrand Dousset","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2526-7345"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Habib Barakat","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6736-0583","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00pg5jh14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean-Bernard Dubuisson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00pg5jh14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Valeiria Pansini","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00pg5jh14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marco Vieira","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5965-6106","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00pg5jh14"}}],"datePublished":"2002-04-18","abstract":"STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine whether routine clinical examination is sufficient for the diagnosis and establishing the location of deeply infiltrating endometriosis (DIE).\n\nDESIGN: Retrospective analysis (Canadian Task Force classification II-2).\n\nSETTING: University-affiliated hospital. Patients. One hundred sixty women with histologically proved deeply infiltrating endometriosis.\n\nMEASUREMENTS AND\n\nMAIN RESULTS: Speculum examination allowed endometriotic lesions to be viewed in only 14.4% (23) of patients, and a classic, painful, spheric nodule was palpated in only 43.1% (69). Results of routine clinical examination varied significantly with location of DIE. Whereas a nodule was found in 80.0% (24) of patients with vaginal endometriosis, this rate dropped to only 35.3% (6) and 33.3% (34) in those with DIE of the digestive tract and uterosacral ligaments, respectively (p <0.0001).\n\nCONCLUSION: High locations of DIE lesions at the level of uterosacral ligaments, bottom of the pouch of Douglas, and upper one-third of the posterior vaginal wall explain why results of routine clinical examination are so poor. The term \"deep endometriosis infiltrating the rectovaginal septum\" is generally incorrect in the true anatomic sense.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of the American Association of Gynecologic Laparoscopists"}}},"pageStart":"115","pageEnd":"119","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s1074-3804(05)60117-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77961284"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s1074-3804(05)60117-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11960033"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q77961284"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-impact-of-testosterone-imbalance-on-depression-and-womens-health-sdanhcu9/","name":"The impact of testosterone imbalance on depression and women's health","headline":"The impact of testosterone imbalance on depression and women's health","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-impact-of-testosterone-imbalance-on-depression-and-womens-health-sdanhcu9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rohr UD"}],"datePublished":"2002-04-15","abstract":"Women suffer more often from depression than males, indicating that hormones might be involved in the etiology of this disease. Low as well as high testosterone (T) levels are related to depression and well-being in women, T plasma levels correlate to depression in a parabolic curve: at about 0.4-0.6 ng/ml plasma free T a minimum of depression is detected. Lower levels are related to depression, osteoporosis, declining libido, dyspareunia and an increase in total body fat mass. Androgen levels in women decrease continuously to about 50% before menopause compared to a 20-year-old women. Androgen levels even decline 70% within 24 h when women undergo surgical removal of the ovaries. Conventional oral contraception or HRT cause a decline in androgens because of higher levels of SHBG. Hyperandrogenic states exist, like hirsutism, acne and polycystic ovary syndrome. Social research suggests high androgen levels cause aggressive behavior in men and women and as a consequence may cause depression. Higher androgen values are more pronounced at young ages and before and after delivery of a baby and might be responsible for the \"baby blues\". It was found that depression in pubertal girls correlated best with an increase in T levels in contrast to the common belief that \"environmental factors\" during the time of growing up might be responsible for emotional \"up and downs\". T replacement therapy might be useful in perimenopausal women suffering from hip obesity, also named gynoid obesity. Abdominal obesity in men and women is linked to type 2 diabetes and coronary heart diseases. Testosterone replacement therapy in hypoandrogenic postmenopausal women might not only protect against obesity but also reduce the risk of developing these diseases. Antiandrogenic progestins might be useful for women suffering from hyperandrogenic state in peri- and postmenopause. Individual dosing schemes balancing side effects and beneficial effects are absolutely necessary. Substantial interindividual variability in T plasma values exists, making it difficult to utilize them for diagnostic purposes. Therefore a \"four-level-hormone classification scheme\" was developed identifying when estradiol (E) and T levels are out of balance. (1) Low E-low T levels are correlated with osteoporosis, depression, and obesity; (2) high E-low T with obesity, decreased libido; (3) high T-low E levels with aggression, depression, increased libido, and substance abuse; (4) high E-high T with type II diabetes risk, breast cancer and cardiovascular risk. Testosterone delivery systems are needed where beneficial and negative effects can be balanced. Any woman diagnosed for osteoporosis should be questioned for symptoms of depression.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"41 Suppl 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Maturitas"}},"pageStart":"S25-46","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-5122(02)00013-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34602890"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0378-5122(02)00013-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11955793"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34602890"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estrogen-production-and-metabolism-in-endometriosis-recxtoigsn4e7whk0/","name":"Estrogen production and metabolism in endometriosis","headline":"Estrogen production and metabolism in endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estrogen-production-and-metabolism-in-endometriosis-recxtoigsn4e7whk0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Serdar E Bulun","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0850-8637","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Northwestern University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/000e0be47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shubao Yang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8227-5934","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jilin Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mzw7781"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhojuan Fang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4916-1123","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Chicago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bilgin Gurates","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Chicago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Siby Sebastian","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9958-9729","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Chicago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mitsutoshi Tamura","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Chicago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sijun Yang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1229-6115","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}}],"datePublished":"2002-04-13","abstract":"Aromatase activity is absent in normal endometrium. In contrast, aromatase is expressed aberrantly in endometriosis, which gives rise to strikingly high levels of aromatase activity in this tissue. Both aromatase expression and activity are stimulated by PGE2. This results in local production of estrogen, which induces PGE2 formation and establishes a positive feedback cycle. Another abnormality in endometriosis, that is, deficient 17beta-HSD type 2 expression, impairs the inactivation of estradiol to estrone. These molecular aberrations collectively favor accumulation of increasing quantities of estradiol and PGE2 in endometriosis. The clinical relevance of these findings was exemplified by the successful treatment of an unusually aggressive case of postmenopausal endometriosis using an aromatase inhibitor.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb02767.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34597475"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb02767.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11949967"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34597475"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/aromatase-inhibition-improves-ovarian-response-to-follicle-stimulating-hormone-i-recsooq8kmjtko1mg/","name":"Aromatase inhibition improves ovarian response to follicle-stimulating hormone in poor responders","headline":"Aromatase inhibition improves ovarian response to follicle-stimulating hormone in poor responders","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/aromatase-inhibition-improves-ovarian-response-to-follicle-stimulating-hormone-i-recsooq8kmjtko1mg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mohamed F Mitwally","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, and The Samuel Lununfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert F Casper","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6249-462X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}}],"datePublished":"2002-04-09","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To examine the use of the aromatase inhibitor letrozole with FSH for ovarian stimulation in poor responders undergoing ovarian superovulation and IUI.\n\nDESIGN: Observational cohort study as a prospective clinical trial in patients with unexplained infertility and a low response to ovarian stimulation with FSH.\n\nSETTING: Two tertiary referral infertility clinics associated with the Reproductive Sciences Division, University of Toronto.\n\nPATIENT(S): Twelve patients with unexplained infertility undergoing IUI who received FSH alone in 25 prior cycles with poor response (less than three dominant follicles).\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Patients were offered letrozole, 2.5 mg/day from day 3-7 of the menstrual cycle with FSH (50-225 IU/day) starting on day 5-7. hCG (10,000 IU) was given when two leading follicles were >/=2 cm followed by IUI.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Number of mature follicles (>1.8 cm), FSH dose, endometrial thickness, and pregnancy rate.\n\nRESULT(S): Improved response to FSH stimulation with letrozole co-treatment was evidenced by the significantly lower FSH dose associated with significantly higher number of mature follicles. During letrozole plus FSH stimulation cycles, clinical pregnancy was achieved in three cycles (21%).\n\nCONCLUSION(S): In this preliminary report, we demonstrate a potential benefit of aromatase inhibition for improving ovarian response to FSH in poor responders.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"77","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"776","pageEnd":"780","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(01)03280-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43950347"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(01)03280-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11937133"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43950347"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptives-and-venous-thromboembolism-a-five-year-national-case-control-recfnxcuutxsn0ddz/","name":"Oral contraceptives and venous thromboembolism: a five-year national case-control  study","headline":"Oral contraceptives and venous thromboembolism: a five-year national case-control  study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptives-and-venous-thromboembolism-a-five-year-national-case-control-recfnxcuutxsn0ddz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Øjvind Lidegaard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9157-4004","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rigshospitalet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mchdq19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Birgitte Edström"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Svend Kreiner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6915-8605","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Herlev Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wys9y90"}}],"datePublished":"2002-04-04","abstract":"The objective of this study was to assess the influence of oral contraceptives (OCs) on the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in young women. A 5-year case-control study including all Danish hospitals was conducted. All women 15-44 years old, suffering a first ever deep venous thrombosis or a first pulmonary embolism (PE) during the period January 1, 1994, to December 30, 1998, were included. Controls were selected annually, 600 per year in 1994-1995 and 1200 per year 1996-1998. Response rates for cases and controls were 87.2% and 89.7%, respectively. After exclusion of nonvalid diagnoses, pregnant women, and women with previous thrombotic disease, 987 cases and 4054 controls were available for analysis. A multivariate, matched analysis was performed. Controls were matched to cases within 1-year age bands. Adjustment was made for confounding influence (if any) from the following variables: age, year, body mass index, length of OC use, family history of VTE, cerebral thrombosis or myocardial infarction, coagulopathies, diabetes, years of schooling, and previous birth. The risk of VTE among current users of OCs was primarily influenced by duration of use, with significantly decreasing odds ratios (OR) over time: <1 year, 7.0 (5.1-9.6); 1-5 years, 3.6 (2.7-4.8); and >5 years, 3.1 (2.5-3.8), all compared with nonusers of OCs. After adjustment for confounders, current use of OCs with second- (levonorgestrel or norgestimate) and third- (desogestrel or gestodene) generation progestins when compared with nonuse resulted in ORs for VTE of 2.9 (2.2-3.8) and 4.0 (3.2-4.9), respectively. After adjusting for progestin types and length of use, the risk decreased significantly with decreasing estrogen dose. With 30-40 microg as reference, 20 and 50 microg products implied ORs of 0.6 (0.4-0.9) and 1.6 (0.9-2.8), respectively (p(trend) = 0.02). After correction for duration of use and differences in estrogen dose, the third/second-generation risk ratio was 1.3 (1.0-1.8; p <0.05). In conclusion, use of OCs was associated significantly to the risk of VTE. The risk among current users was reduced by more than 50% during the first years of use. The risk increased more than 100% with increasing estrogen dose, and the difference in risk between users of thirdand second-generation OCs, after correction for length of use and estrogen dose, was 33%.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"65","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"187","pageEnd":"196","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0010-7824(01)00307-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43945035"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0010-7824(01)00307-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11929640"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43945035"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/randomised-trial-of-thyroxine-to-prevent-postnatal-depression-in-thyroid-antibod-recb6qfuk8tkxctq8/","name":"Randomised trial of thyroxine to prevent postnatal depression in thyroid-antibody-positive women","headline":"Randomised trial of thyroxine to prevent postnatal depression in thyroid-antibody-positive women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/randomised-trial-of-thyroxine-to-prevent-postnatal-depression-in-thyroid-antibod-recb6qfuk8tkxctq8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"John H. Lazarus","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8852-704X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital Llandough","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05fcrn131"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arthur B. Parkes","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital of Wales","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04fgpet95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert G. Newcombe","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4400-8867","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tenovus Cancer Care","sameAs":"https://ror.org/041t5x242"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Reginald Hall","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8639-4455"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brian Harris","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1804-5832","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital of Wales","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04fgpet95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rees John","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3807-325X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital of Wales","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04fgpet95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John Lazarus","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1524-3729"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rossana Oretti","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Princess of Wales Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01a1mbs69"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Colin Richards","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5888-9098"}],"datePublished":"2002-04-02","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Women who are positive for thyroid antibodies in early gestation are prone to post-partum depression, apparently independent of thyroid dysfunction, as measured by serum levels of free thyroxine, free triodothyroxine and thyroid-stimulating hormone. This finding may be due to infrequent monitoring of thyroid function, because hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism and combinations of both may occur post-partum.\n\nAIMS: To test the hypothesis that stabilising thyroid function post-partum by administering daily thyroxine reduces the rate of occurrence and severity of associated depression.\n\nMETHOD: In a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial, 100 microg of thyroxine or placebo was given daily to 446 thyroid-antibody-positive women (342 of whom were compliant) from 6 weeks to 6 months post-partum, assessing their psychiatric and thyroid status at 4-weekly intervals.\n\nRESULTS: There was no evidence that thyroxine had any effect on the occurrence of depression. The 6-month period prevalence of depression was similar to that reported previously.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: The excess of depression in thyroid-antibody-positive women in the post-partum period is not corrected by daily administration of thyroxine.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"180","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The British Journal of Psychiatry : the Journal of Mental Science"}}},"pageStart":"327","pageEnd":"330","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.180.4.327","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43941619"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1192/bjp.180.4.327"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11925355"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43941619"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-oral-contraceptives-on-risk-of-cervical-cancer-in-women-with-human-papillomavirus-infection-the-iarc-multicentric-case-control-study-reclsxbvvnbmoqfos/","name":"Effect of oral contraceptives on risk of cervical cancer in women with human papillomavirus infection: the IARC multicentric case-control study","headline":"Effect of oral contraceptives on risk of cervical cancer in women with human papillomavirus infection: the IARC multicentric case-control study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-oral-contraceptives-on-risk-of-cervical-cancer-in-women-with-human-papillomavirus-infection-the-iarc-multicentric-case-control-study-reclsxbvvnbmoqfos/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Víctor Moreno","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6433-7329","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ca2c886"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Xavier Bosch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7172-3412","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Bellvitge","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0008xqs48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nubia Muñoz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3838-5770","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre International de Recherche sur le Cancer","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00v452281"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chris J L M Meijer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2758-9463"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jan M M Walboomers"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rolando Herrero","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4060-367X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Silvia Franceschi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4181-8071","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre International de Recherche sur le Cancer","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00v452281"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"International Agency for Research on Cancer. Multicentric Cervical Cancer Study Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Keerti V Shah","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}}],"datePublished":"2002-03-30","abstract":"Background: Use of oral contraceptives could increase risk of cervical cancer; however the effect of human papillomavirus (HPV), the main cause of cervical cancer, is not usually taken into account. We aimed to assess how use of oral contraceptives affected risk of cervical cancer in women who tested positive for HPV DNA.\n\nMethods: We pooled data from eight case-control studies of patients with histologically confirmed invasive cervical carcinoma (ICC) and from two studies of patients with carcinoma in situ (ISC). Information about use of oral contraceptives was obtained from personal interviews. Effects were estimated as odds ratios, with logistic-regression models adjusted for possible confounders.\n\nFindings: 1465 of 1561 (94%) patients with ICC, 211 of 292 (72%) with ISC, and 255 of 1916 (13%) controls were positive for HPV DNA. Compared with never-users, patients who had used oral contraceptives for fewer than 5 years did not have increased risk of cervical cancer (odds ratio 0.73; 95% CI 0.52-1.03). The odds ratio for use of oral contraceptives was 2.82 (95% CI 1.46-5.42) for 5-9 years, and 4.03 (2.09-8.02) for use for 10 years or longer, and these risks did not vary by time since first or last use.\n\nInterpretation: Long-term use of oral contraceptives could be a cofactor that increases risk of cervical carcinoma by up to four-fold in women who are positive for cervical HPV DNA. In the absence of worldwide information about HPV status, extra effort should be made to include long-term users of oral contraceptives in cervical screening programmes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"359","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9312","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Lancet"}}},"pageStart":"1085","pageEnd":"1092","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(02)08150-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58024050"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/S0140-6736(02)08150-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11943255"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q58024050"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/acceptability-of-personal-hormone-monitoring-for-contraception-longitudinal-and--recr2tkye3lk6d6pl/","name":"Acceptability of personal hormone monitoring for contraception: longitudinal and  contextual variables","headline":"Acceptability of personal hormone monitoring for contraception: longitudinal and  contextual variables","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/acceptability-of-personal-hormone-monitoring-for-contraception-longitudinal-and--recr2tkye3lk6d6pl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Klein CT"},{"@type":"Person","name":"James K. McNulty","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5476-7472","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tennessee at Knoxville","sameAs":"https://ror.org/020f3ap87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cynthia T F Klein","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Florida","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y3ad647"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lawrence J Severy","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Florida","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y3ad647"}}],"datePublished":"2002-03-28","abstract":"A new contraceptive technology may advance the science of family planning but may do little to affect health if potential users do not deem it an acceptable method. The authors conducted an acceptability study of a newly developed contraceptive method--personal hormone monitoring. A sample of 480 English volunteers present at the 6th month of a 13-month longitudinal study completed surveys regarding their attitudes toward a personal hormone monitor for the purpose of contraception. The authors used the participants' responses to determine (a) the extent to which the participants accepted the monitor, (b) how their ratings of acceptability changed over time, (c) the extent to which contextual variables predicted changes in acceptability over time, and (d) whether those contextual variables predicted final acceptability of the monitor. Results suggested that no single method of family planning is best for everyone and specified the people for whom personal hormone monitoring may be most suitable.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"142","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Social Psychology"}}},"pageStart":"87","pageEnd":"96","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/00224540209603887","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77826426"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/00224540209603887"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11915857"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q77826426"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/how-does-early-ultrasound-scan-estimation-of-gestational-age-lead-to-higher-rate-recex8uhwz9kimemn/","name":"How does early ultrasound scan estimation of gestational age lead to higher rates of preterm birth?","headline":"How does early ultrasound scan estimation of gestational age lead to higher rates of preterm birth?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/how-does-early-ultrasound-scan-estimation-of-gestational-age-lead-to-higher-rate-recex8uhwz9kimemn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Huanming Yang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0858-3410","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael S Kramer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5977-8461","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Pediatrics, McGill University Faculty of Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02w6r0892"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert W Platt","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5981-8443"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Béatrice Blondel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9367-8317"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gérard Bréart","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3142-9128"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Isabelle Morin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3418-408X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert Usher"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Russell Wilkins"}],"datePublished":"2002-03-21","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: Early ultrasound scanning estimation of gestational age is known to increase the reported preterm delivery rate (<37 completed weeks) compared with estimation by date of the last normal menstrual period, but it is unclear how this systematic difference arises.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: This study was a hospital-based study of 44,623 women who delivered a live-born or stillborn infant between January 1, 1978, and March 31, 1996, and who had both last normal menstrual period-based and early (usually at 16-18 weeks) ultrasound scan-based gestational age estimates. Cross-classification of the 2 estimates by completed weeks was used to examine the direction and magnitude of the differences between them and to compare the resulting classifications of preterm birth.\n\nRESULTS: The early ultrasound scan-based gestational age distribution was shifted uniformly to the left (ie, lower gestational age) relative to the last normal menstrual period gestational age distribution; the early ultrasound scan-based preterm delivery rate was 9.1%, which was 19.5% (n = 659 births) higher than the 7.6% rate by last normal menstrual period (P <.0001). The last normal menstrual period estimate exceeded the early ultrasound scan estimate far more often than the reverse, up to and including early ultrasound scan estimates of 40 weeks. No concentration of 4-week discrepancies was observed in either direction, as would be expected with random or systematic errors in recall of the last normal menstrual period. The absolute number of births at 37 to 39 weeks of gestation (by last normal menstrual period) that were reclassified as preterm (n = 1206 births) was much higher than the number of preterm births at 34 to 36 weeks of gestation that were reclassified as term (n = 581 births). The net increase of 625 preterm births (from 581 to 1206 births) that resulted from reclassification of births at 37 to 39 last normal menstrual period weeks accounted for 95% of the total 659-birth increase in early ultrasound scan-based preterm births at all last normal menstrual period gestational ages.\n\nCONCLUSION: Early ultrasound scanning reduces the gestational age estimate across the entire gestational age range; early ultrasound scan-based reclassification of gestational age results in a substantial increase in the prevalence of preterm births. Small downward reclassifications exceed upward reclassifications of similar magnitude, which is consistent with previous reports that delayed (>14 days) ovulation is more frequent than early (<14 days) ovulation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"186","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"433","pageEnd":"437","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1067/mob.2002.120487","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57234758"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1067/mob.2002.120487"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11904603"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q57234758"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-soy-phytoestrogens-on-hot-flashes-in-postmenopausal-women-with-breast--reca5b9xtrv5jltrd/","name":"Effect of soy phytoestrogens on hot flashes in postmenopausal women with breast  cancer: a randomized, controlled clinical trial","headline":"Effect of soy phytoestrogens on hot flashes in postmenopausal women with breast  cancer: a randomized, controlled clinical trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-soy-phytoestrogens-on-hot-flashes-in-postmenopausal-women-with-breast--reca5b9xtrv5jltrd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen A Gelmon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4111-2757","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"From the British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver Cancer Centre, Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre, and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Keith Chambers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"From the British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver Cancer Centre, Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre, and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Gregory Hislop","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"From the British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver Cancer Centre, Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre, and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ivo A Olivotto","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"From the British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver Cancer Centre, Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre, and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Edith Templeton","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3151-4294","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"From the British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver Cancer Centre, Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre, and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cheri L Van Patten","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Angela Wattie","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"From the British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver Cancer Centre, Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre, and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada."}}],"datePublished":"2002-03-16","abstract":"Purpose: Vasomotor symptoms, such as hot flashes and night sweats, in breast cancer survivors are often worsened by chemotherapy and tamoxifen, and/or the discontinuation of hormone replacement therapy at diagnosis. This study evaluated the acceptability and effectiveness of a soy beverage containing phytoestrogens as a treatment for hot flashes in postmenopausal women with breast cancer.\n\nMethods: A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial was conducted in postmenopausal women with moderate hot flashes who were previously treated for early-stage breast cancer. Women were stratified for tamoxifen use and randomized to a soy beverage (n = 59) containing 90 mg of isoflavones or to a placebo rice beverage (n = 64). Women recorded the number and severity of hot flashes daily with a daily menopause diary for 4 weeks at baseline and for 12 weeks while consuming 500 mL of a soy or placebo beverage.\n\nResults: There were no significant differences between the soy and placebo groups in the number of hot flashes or hot flash scores. However, presumably because of a strong placebo effect, both groups had significant reductions in hot flashes. Mild gastrointestinal side effects were experienced by both groups but occurred with greater frequency and severity with soy. The mean serum genistein concentration at 6 weeks was significantly higher in women who consumed soy (0.61 +/- 0.43 micromol/L) compared with placebo (0.43 +/- 0.37 micromol/L) (P =.02). Overall acceptability and compliance were high and similar in both groups.\n\nConclusion: The soy beverage did not alleviate hot flashes in women with breast cancer any more than did a placebo. Future research into other compounds is recommended to identify safe and effective therapies for hot flashes in breast cancer survivors.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"20","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of  Clinical Oncology"}}},"pageStart":"1449","pageEnd":"1455","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2002.20.6.1449","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40653166"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1200/JCO.2002.20.6.1449"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11896091"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40653166"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/postfertilization-effect-of-hormonal-emergency-contraception-recfltfesjorik4ko/","name":"Postfertilization effect of hormonal emergency contraception","headline":"Postfertilization effect of hormonal emergency contraception","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/postfertilization-effect-of-hormonal-emergency-contraception-recfltfesjorik4ko/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chris Kahlenborn","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Polycarp Research Institute, Enola, PA, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01mkye871"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Walter L Larimore","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"AdventHealth Kissimmee","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04ayyqz27"}}],"datePublished":"2002-03-16","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To assess the possibility of a postfertilization effect in regard to the most common types of hormonal emergency contraception (EC) used in the US and to explore the ethical impact of this possibility.\n\nDATA SOURCES AND STUDY SELECTION: A MEDLINE search (1966-November 2001) was done to identify all pertinent English-language journal articles. A review of reference sections of the major review articles was performed to identify additional articles. Search terms included emergency contraception, postcoital contraception, postfertilization effect, Yuzpe regimen, levonorgestrel, mechanism of action, Plan B.\n\nDATA SYNTHESIS: The 2 most common types of hormonal EC used in the US are the Yuzpe regimen (high-dose ethinyl estradiol with high-dose levonorgestrel) and Plan B (high-dose levonorgestrel alone). Although both methods sometimes stop ovulation, they may also act by reducing the probability of implantation, due to their adverse effect on the endometrium (a postfertilization effect). The available evidence for a postfertilization effect is moderately strong, whether hormonal EC is used in the preovulatory, ovulatory, or postovulatory phase of the menstrual cycle.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Based on the present theoretical and empirical evidence, both the Yuzpe regimen and Plan B likely act at times by causing a postfertilization effect, regardless of when in the menstrual cycle they are used. These findings have potential implications in such areas as informed consent, emergency department protocols, and conscience clauses.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"36","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Annals of Pharmacotherapy"}}},"pageStart":"465","pageEnd":"470","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1345/aph.1A344","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34564299"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1345/aph.1A344"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11895061"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34564299"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/stimulation-and-growth-of-antral-ovarian-follicles-by-selective-lh-activity-admi-recugtqsdmyvlqdor/","name":"Stimulation and growth of antral ovarian follicles by selective LH activity administration in women","headline":"Stimulation and growth of antral ovarian follicles by selective LH activity administration in women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/stimulation-and-growth-of-antral-ovarian-follicles-by-selective-lh-activity-admi-recugtqsdmyvlqdor/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marco Filicori","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4995-0317","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Tabarelli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6857-5685","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bologna","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01111rn36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stefania Taraborrelli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6744-6830","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bologna","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01111rn36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Walter Ciampaglia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9367-866X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bologna","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01111rn36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Graciela Estela Cognigni","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bologna","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01111rn36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Pocognoli","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bologna","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01111rn36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Spettoli","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bologna","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01111rn36"}}],"datePublished":"2002-03-13","abstract":"Intensive FSH stimulation is a key tool of assisted reproduction technology but can cause severe complications through the development of an excessive number of small ovarian follicles. We tested the hypothesis that, in the late stages of ovulation induction, LH activity in the form of low-dose human CG (hCG) can stimulate and selectively modulate ovarian follicle function and growth, independently of FSH administration. Four groups of GnRH agonist-suppressed normoovulatory women (10 each group) received recombinant human FSH (r-hFSH) (150 IU/d) for 7 d followed by: group A, r-hFSH 150 IU/d alone; group B, r-hFSH 50 IU/d and hCG 50 IU/d; group C, r-hFSH 25 IU/d and hCG 100 IU/d; group D, hCG 200 IU/d alone. Despite several days of lowered or absent r-hFSH administration, 70% of hCG-treated patients successfully completed treatment. In these subjects, preovulatory E2 levels and large (>14 mm diameter) ovarian follicle development were not reduced; conversely, the number of small (<10 mm diameter) ovarian follicles was significantly decreased in groups B-D vs. group A. Low-dose hCG administration did not cause follicle luteinization. We conclude that, following FSH priming, LH activity administration can: 1) stimulate folliculogenesis for several days, in spite of rapidly declining FSH levels; and 2) hasten small follicle demise. Therefore, LH activity administration could be used to design radically novel ovulation induction regimens that, by partly or completely replacing mid-/late follicular phase FSH administration, may reduce costs and improve safety of assisted reproduction technology.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"87","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"1156","pageEnd":"1161","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem.87.3.8322","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43913861"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jcem.87.3.8322"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11889180"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43913861"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-risk-of-major-birth-defects-after-intracytoplasmic-sperm-injection-and-in-vi-rec5hhml4hezb1294/","name":"The risk of major birth defects after intracytoplasmic sperm injection and in vitro fertilization","headline":"The risk of major birth defects after intracytoplasmic sperm injection and in vitro fertilization","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-risk-of-major-birth-defects-after-intracytoplasmic-sperm-injection-and-in-vi-rec5hhml4hezb1294/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Michèle Hansen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9621-6345","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Kids Research Institute Australia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dbmzx78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jenny J Kurinczuk","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9554-6337","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Leicester","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04h699437"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carol Bower","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1138-2756","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Kids Research Institute Australia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dbmzx78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sandra Webb","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0029-4665","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Government of Western Australia Department of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01epcny94"}}],"datePublished":"2002-03-08","abstract":"BACKGROUND: It is not known whether infants conceived with use of intracytoplasmic sperm injection or in vitro fertilization have a higher risk of birth defects than infants conceived naturally.\n\nMETHODS: We obtained data from three registries in Western Australia on births, births after assisted conception, and major birth defects in infants born between 1993 and 1997. We assessed the prevalence of major birth defects diagnosed by one year of age in infants conceived naturally or with use of intracytoplasmic sperm injection or in vitro fertilization.\n\nRESULTS: Twenty-six of the 301 infants conceived with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (8.6 percent) and 75 of the 837 infants conceived with in vitro fertilization (9.0 percent) had a major birth defect diagnosed by one year of age, as compared with 168 of the 4000 naturally conceived infants (4.2 percent; P<0.001 for the comparison between either type of technology and natural conception). As compared with natural conception, the odds ratio for a major birth defect by one year of age, after adjustment for maternal age and parity, the sex of the infant, and correlation between siblings, was 2.0 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.3 to 3.2) with intracytoplasmic sperm injection, and 2.0 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.5 to 2.9) with in vitro fertilization. Infants conceived with use of assisted reproductive technology were more likely than naturally conceived infants to have multiple major defects and to have chromosomal and musculoskeletal defects.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Infants conceived with use of intracytoplasmic sperm injection or in vitro fertilization have twice as high a risk of a major birth defect as naturally conceived infants.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"346","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"725","pageEnd":"730","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa010035","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43640466"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJMoa010035"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11882727"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43640466"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/low-and-very-low-birth-weight-in-infants-conceived-with-use-of-assisted-reproduc-rec8b8zidmfis4vcv/","name":"Low and very low birth weight in infants conceived with use of assisted reproductive technology","headline":"Low and very low birth weight in infants conceived with use of assisted reproductive technology","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/low-and-very-low-birth-weight-in-infants-conceived-with-use-of-assisted-reproduc-rec8b8zidmfis4vcv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Laura A Schieve","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1215-0682","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042twtr12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan Meikle","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cynthia Ferre","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1347-0314","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gary Jeng","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Herbert B Peterson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lynne S Wilcox","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}}],"datePublished":"2002-03-08","abstract":"BACKGROUND: The increased risk of low birth weight associated with the use of assisted reproductive technology has been attributed largely to the higher rate of multiple gestations associated with such technology. It is uncertain, however, whether singleton infants conceived with the use of assisted reproductive technology may also have a higher risk of low birth weight than those who are conceived spontaneously.\n\nMETHODS: We used population-based data to compare the rates of low birth weight (less-than-or-equal 2500 g) and very low birth weight (<1500 g) among infants conceived with assisted reproductive technology with the rates in the general population.\n\nRESULTS: We studied 42,463 infants who were born in 1996 and 1997 and conceived with assisted reproductive technology and used as a comparison group 3,389,098 infants born in the United States in 1997. Among singleton infants born at 37 weeks of gestation or later, those conceived with assisted reproductive technology had a risk of low birth weight that was 2.6 times that in the general population (95 percent confidence interval, 2.4 to 2.7). The use of assisted reproductive technology was associated with an increased rate of multiple gestations; however, its use was not associated with a further increase in the risk of low birth weight in multiple births. Among twins, the ratio of the rate of low birth weight after the use of assisted reproductive technology to the rate in the general population was 1.0 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.0 to 1.1). Infants conceived with assisted reproductive technology accounted for 0.6 percent of all infants born to mothers who were 20 years of age or older in 1997, but for 3.5 percent of low-birth-weight and 4.3 percent of very-low-birth-weight infants.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: The use of assisted reproductive technology accounts for a disproportionate number of low-birth-weight and very-low-birth-weight infants in the United States, in part because of absolute increases in multiple gestations and in part because of higher rates of low birth weight among singleton infants conceived with this technology.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"346","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"731","pageEnd":"737","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa010806","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47191285"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJMoa010806"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11882728"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47191285"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metformin-therapy-throughout-pregnancy-reduces-the-development-of-gestational-di-recyg9ibvfe3chjje/","name":"Metformin therapy throughout pregnancy reduces the development of gestational diabetes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"Metformin therapy throughout pregnancy reduces the development of gestational diabetes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metformin-therapy-throughout-pregnancy-reduces-the-development-of-gestational-di-recyg9ibvfe3chjje/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C J Glueck","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7932-9866","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jewish Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01h2jcs31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ping Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8061-6133","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jewish Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01h2jcs31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Suichi Kobayashi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0737-7358","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jewish Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01h2jcs31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Harvey Phillips","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0512-4590","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jewish Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01h2jcs31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Luann Sieve-Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6546-4653","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jewish Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01h2jcs31"}}],"datePublished":"2002-03-02","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To assess whether metformin safely reduced development of gestational diabetes in women with the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).\n\nDESIGN: Prospective and retrospective study.\n\nSETTING: Outpatient clinical research center.\n\nPATIENT(S): The prospective study included 33 nondiabetic women with PCOS who conceived while taking metformin and had live births; of these, 28 were taking metformin through delivery. The retrospective study included 39 nondiabetic women with PCOS who had live birth pregnancies without metformin therapy.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Metformin, 2.55 g/d, throughout pregnancy in women with PCOS.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Development of gestational diabetes in women with PCOS.\n\nRESULT(S): Before metformin therapy, after covariance adjustment for age, the two cohorts did not differ in height, weight, basal metabolic index, insulin, insulin resistance, or insulin secretion. Both cohorts had high fasting insulin, were insulin resistant, and had high insulin secretion. Among the 33 women who received metformin, gestational diabetes developed in 1 of 33 (3%) pregnancies versus 8 of 12 (67%) of their previous pregnancies without metformin. Among the 39 women who did not take metformin, gestational diabetes developed in 14 of 60 (23%) pregnancies. When all live births were combined, gestational diabetes occurred in 22 of 72 pregnancies (31%) in women who did not take metformin versus 1 of 33 pregnancies (3%) in those who took metformin. With gestational diabetes as the response variable and age at delivery and treatment group (metformin or no metformin) as explanatory variables, the odds ratio for gestational diabetes in women with metformin versus without metformin was 0.093 (95% CI: 0.011 to 0.795). With gestational diabetes in 93 pregnancies as the response variable and age at delivery and treatment group (metformin no metformin) as explanatory variables, the odds ratio of gestational diabetes in pregnancies in women taking metformin versus without metformin was 0.115 (95% CI: 0.014 to 0.938).\n\nCONCLUSION(S): In PCOS, use of metformin is associated with a 10-fold reduction in gestational diabetes (31% to 3%). It also reduces insulin resistance and insulin secretion, thus decreasing the secretory demands imposed on pancreatic beta-cells by insulin resistance and pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"77","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"520","pageEnd":"525","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(01)03202-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42518054"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(01)03202-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11872206"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q42518054"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/neonatal-data-on-a-cohort-of-2889-infants-born-after-icsi-1991-1999-and-of-2995--recksnuygnlexbxsw/","name":"Neonatal data on a cohort of 2889 infants born after ICSI (1991-1999) and of 2995 infants born after IVF (1983-1999)","headline":"Neonatal data on a cohort of 2889 infants born after ICSI (1991-1999) and of 2995 infants born after IVF (1983-1999)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/neonatal-data-on-a-cohort-of-2889-infants-born-after-icsi-1991-1999-and-of-2995--recksnuygnlexbxsw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Maryse Bonduelle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1805-9962","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Medical Genetics, Dutch-speaking Brussels Free University (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 101, B-1090 Brussels, Belgium. lgenbem@az.vub.ac.be"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M. P. Derde","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","sameAs":"https://ror.org/006e5kg04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Camus","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0626-6865","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University College, London"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Veerle Deketelaere","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Research Centre for Medical Genetics","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dhz7247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paul Devroey","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","sameAs":"https://ror.org/006e5kg04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Inge Liebaers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","sameAs":"https://ror.org/006e5kg04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"André Van Steirteghem","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","sameAs":"https://ror.org/006e5kg04"}}],"datePublished":"2002-03-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: To evaluate the safety of ICSI, this study compared data of IVF and ICSI children by collecting data on neonatal outcome and congenital malformations during pregnancy and at birth.\n\nMETHODS: The follow-up study included agreement to genetic counselling and eventual prenatal diagnosis, followed by a physical examination of the children after 2 months, after 1 year and after 2 years. 2840 ICSI children (1991-1999) and 2955 IVF children (1983-1999) were liveborn after replacement of fresh embryos. ICSI was carried out using ejaculated, epididymal or testicular sperm.\n\nRESULTS: In the two cohorts, similar rates of multiple pregnancies were observed. ICSI and IVF maternal characteristics were comparable for medication taken during pregnancy, pregnancy duration and maternal educational level, whereas maternal age was higher in ICSI and a higher percentage of first pregnancies and first children born was observed in the ICSI mothers. Birthweight, number of neonatal complications, low birthweight, stillbirth rate and perinatal death rate were compared between the ICSI and the IVF groups and were similar for ICSI and IVF. Prematurity was slightly higher in the ICSI children (31.8%) than in the IVF children (29.3%). Very low birthweight was higher in the IVF pregnancies (5.7%) compared with ICSI pregnancies (4.4%). Major malformations (defined as those causing functional impairment or requiring surgical correction), were observed at birth in 3.4% of the ICSI liveborn children and in 3.8% of the IVF children (P = 0.538). Malformation rate in ICSI was not related to sperm origin or sperm quality. The number of stillbirths (born > or =20 weeks of pregnancy) was 1.69% in the ICSI group and 1.31% in the IVF group. Total malformation rate taking into account major malformations in stillborns, in terminations and in liveborns was 4.2% in ICSI and 4.6% in IVF (P = 0.482).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: The comparison of ICSI and IVF children taking part in an identical follow-up study did not show any increased risk of major malformations and neonatal complications in the ICSI group.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"671","pageEnd":"694","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/17.3.671","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30676735"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/17.3.671"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11870121"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q30676735"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/puberty-and-bone-development-vnkpcyag/","name":"Puberty and bone development","headline":"Puberty and bone development","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/puberty-and-bone-development-vnkpcyag/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Saggese G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Baroncelli GI"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bertelloni S"}],"datePublished":"2002-03-01","abstract":"Puberty has a key role for bone development. Skeletal mass approximately doubles at the end of adolescence. The main determinants of pubertal gain of bone mass are the sex steroids, growth hormone and insulin-like growth factors (by their effects on bone and muscle mass), 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (by stimulating calcium absorption and retention) and muscle mass (by regulating modelling/remodelling thresholds). Calcium intake is an additional factor influencing bone formation. The interactions among these factors are undefined. The accrual of bone mass during puberty is a major determinant of peak bone mass and, thereby, of the risk of osteoporotic fractures during advanced age.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"53","pageEnd":"64","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1053/beem.2001.0180","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34622972"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1053/beem.2001.0180"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11987898"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34622972"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preeclampsia-in-multiple-gestation-the-role-of-assisted-reproductive-technologie-recetjm0ifwb4yq9t/","name":"Preeclampsia in multiple gestation: the role of assisted reproductive technologies","headline":"Preeclampsia in multiple gestation: the role of assisted reproductive technologies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preeclampsia-in-multiple-gestation-the-role-of-assisted-reproductive-technologie-recetjm0ifwb4yq9t/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert McDuffie"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rocci ML Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kenneth Faber"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anne M Lynch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6508-8136","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Colorado Denver","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02hh7en24"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"James Murphy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7066-5575","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Miriam Orleans"}],"datePublished":"2002-02-28","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To estimate the relationship of assisted reproductive technologies and ovulation-inducing drugs with preeclampsia in multiple gestations.\n\nMETHODS: This historical cohort study was conducted on 528 multiple gestations from a Colorado health maintenance organization. Using univariate and logistic regression analysis, we determined if women who conceived a multiple gestation as a result of assisted conception were at a greater risk of preeclampsia than those who conceived spontaneously.\n\nRESULTS: Between January 1994 and November 2000, there were 330 unassisted and 198 assisted multiple gestations. Sixty-nine multiple gestations followed assisted reproductive technologies (in vitro fertilization and gamete intrafallopian transfer). Human menopausal gonadotropins and clomiphene citrate were associated with 38 and 91 of the multiple gestations, respectively. Compared with unassisted multiple gestations, the relative risk of mild or severe preeclampsia among mothers who received assisted reproductive technologies was 2.7 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.7, 4.7) and 4.8 (CI 1.9, 11.6), respectively. Adjusted for maternal age and parity, women who received assisted reproductive technologies were two times more likely to develop preeclampsia (odds ratio 2.1, CI 1.1, 4.1) compared with those who conceived spontaneously. The adjusted odds ratios of nulliparity and maternal age for preeclampsia were 2.1 (CI 1.3, 3.4) and 1.1 (CI 1, 1.1), respectively. Although the incidence of preeclampsia was greater in mothers who received clomiphene citrate and human menopausal gonadotropins, this association did not reach statistical significance at the P <.05 level.\n\nCONCLUSION: Women who conceive multiple gestations through assisted reproductive technologies have a 2.1-fold higher risk of preeclampsia than those who conceive spontaneously.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"99","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"445","pageEnd":"451","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(01)01733-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43895037"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0029-7844(01)01733-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11864672"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43895037"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/neurological-sequelae-in-children-born-after-in-vitro-fertilisation-a-population-recvuglgjhergvw7l/","name":"Neurological sequelae in children born after in-vitro fertilisation: a population-based study","headline":"Neurological sequelae in children born after in-vitro fertilisation: a population-based study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/neurological-sequelae-in-children-born-after-in-vitro-fertilisation-a-population-recvuglgjhergvw7l/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"B Strömberg","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Women and Child Health, University Children's Hospital, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden. bo.stromberg@kbh.uu.se"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Ericson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4383-5895","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Board of Health and Welfare","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01v4pc162"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"O Finnström","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7632-3840","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Linköping University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05h1aye87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Köster"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Dahlquist","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Umeå University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05kb8h459"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Stjernqvist","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Lund University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012a77v79"}}],"datePublished":"2002-02-21","abstract":"BACKGROUND: There is an absence of population-based long-term studies on the risk of neurological sequelae in children born after in-vitro fertilisation (IVF). Our aim was to compare the frequency of such problems between IVF-born children and controls.\n\nMETHODS: We did a population-based retrospective cohort study in which we compared development of neurological problems in 5680 children born after IVF, with 11360 matched controls. For 2060 twins born after IVF, a second set of controls (n=4120), all twins, were selected. We obtained data on neurological problems from the records of the Swedish habilitation centres.\n\nFINDINGS: Children born after IVF are more likely to need habilitation services than controls (odds ratio 1.7, 95% CI 1.3-2.2). For singletons, the risk was 1.4 (1.0-2.1). The most common neurological diagnosis was cerebral palsy, for which children born after IVF had an increased risk of 3.7(2.0-6.6), and IVF singletons of 2.8 (1.3-5.8). Suspected developmental delay was increased four-fold (1.9-8.3) in children born after IVF. Twins born after IVF did not differ from control twins with respect to risk of neurological sequelae. Low-birthweight and premature infants were more likely to need habilitation than fullterm babies. Maternal age did not affect risk.\n\nINTERPRETATION: Our study suggests that children born after IVF have an increased risk of developing neurological problems, especially cerebral palsy. These risks are largely due to the high frequency of twin pregnancies, low birthweight, and prematurity among babies born after IVF. To limit these risks, we recommend that only one embryo should be transferred during IVF.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"359","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9305","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Lancet (London, England)"}}},"pageStart":"461","pageEnd":"465","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(02)07674-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52123623"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/S0140-6736(02)07674-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11853790"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q52123623"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/infertility-fertility-drugs-and-ovarian-cancer-a-pooled-analysis-of-case-control-recnnjf9tpxccvusb/","name":"Infertility, fertility drugs, and ovarian cancer: a pooled analysis of case-control studies","headline":"Infertility, fertility drugs, and ovarian cancer: a pooled analysis of case-control studies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/infertility-fertility-drugs-and-ovarian-cancer-a-pooled-analysis-of-case-control-recnnjf9tpxccvusb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Daniel W Cramer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8024-3066","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marc T Goodman"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susanne K Kjaer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8347-1398","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Gynaecology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark. Electronic address: susanne@..."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathy Mallin"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Berit Jul Mosgaard"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roberta B Ness","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pittsburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David M Purdie"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Harvey A Risch"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ronald Vergona"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna H Wu"}],"datePublished":"2002-02-01","abstract":"Controversy surrounds the relations among infertility, fertility drug use, and the risk of ovarian cancer. The authors pooled interview data on infertility and fertility drug use from eight case-control studies conducted between 1989 and 1999 in the United States, Denmark, Canada, and Australia. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated, adjusting for age, race, family history of ovarian cancer, duration of oral contraception use, tubal ligation, gravidity, education, and site. Included in the analysis were 5,207 cases and 7,705 controls. Among nulligravid women, attempts for more than 5 years to become pregnant compared with attempts for less than 1 year increased the risk of ovarian cancer 2.67-fold (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.91, 3.74). Among nulliparous, subfertile women, neither any fertility drug use (odds ratio (OR) = 1.60, 95% CI: 0.90, 2.87) nor more than 12 months of use (OR = 1.54, 95% CI: 0.45, 5.27) was associated with ovarian cancer. Fertility drug use in nulligravid women was associated with borderline serous tumors (OR = 2.43, 95% CI: 1.01, 5.88) but not with any invasive histologic subtypes. Endometriosis (OR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.10, 2.71) and unknown cause of infertility (OR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.40) increased cancer risk. These data suggest a role for specific biologic causes of infertility, but not for fertility drugs in overall risk for ovarian cancer.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"155","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Epidemiology"}}},"pageStart":"217","pageEnd":"224","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/155.3.217","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58175774"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/aje/155.3.217"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11821246"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q58175774"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/imaging-polycystic-ovaries-rec3gmmdotqtd9xcv/","name":"Ovarian functional disorders","headline":"Ovarian functional disorders","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/imaging-polycystic-ovaries-rec3gmmdotqtd9xcv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert Y"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ardaens Y"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Didier Dewailly","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8521-5163","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}}],"datePublished":"2002-02-01","abstract":"Ovarian hormonal function is under hypothalamo-hypophysis control during the genital life of women. Local hormonal production induces follicular stimulation and maturation. Two main types of functional disorder can be observed: unilocular cyst, related to an ovulation mechanism, and polycystic ovaries. The former is a follicular cyst related to the absence of LH stimulation, or a luteal cyst, which may be anechoic or display a heterogeneous content (pseudo-septa, pseudo-solid but avascular mass). The latter includes the polycystic ovarian syndrome, which is characterized by an increased ovarian area ( 6cm(2)), stroma and follicles number, the multifollicular ovaries, which are related to functional hypothalamic anovulation and characterized by a normal ovarian size with increased follicles number, and macropolycystic ovaries which are observed in case of previous pelvic infection disease or surgery. Functional disorders may be observed during pregnancy: luteoma, luteal cyst and hyperreactio luteinalis. Finally, ovarian insufficiency may occur too early.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"81","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12 Suppl","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal de radiologie"}}},"pageStart":"1801","pageEnd":"1818","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diaphragmatic-endometriosis-diagnosis-surgical-management-and-long-term-results--rec6hflbdpsrhusqv/","name":"Diaphragmatic endometriosis: diagnosis, surgical management, and long-term results of treatment","headline":"Diaphragmatic endometriosis: diagnosis, surgical management, and long-term results of treatment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diaphragmatic-endometriosis-diagnosis-surgical-management-and-long-term-results--rec6hflbdpsrhusqv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"David B Redwine","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Charles Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02stwhg86"}}],"datePublished":"2002-02-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To describe symptoms, surgical diagnosis and treatment, and long-term outcome of patients with symptomatic diaphragmatic endometriosis.\n\nDESIGN: Observational follow-up study.\n\nSETTING: American tertiary referral center for the surgical treatment of endometriosis.\n\nPATIENT(S): Eight patients with diaphragmatic endometriosis causing severe or disabling symptoms.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Laparoscopic diagnosis of diaphragmatic endometriosis followed by upper abdominal laparotomy for full-thickness resection of the diaphragm.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Reduction of several symptoms as measured on a 5-point ranked ordinal scale administered by a phone survey up to 7 years after surgery.\n\nRESULT(S): Laparoscopy from an umbilical port may identify small \"sentinel lesions\" of endometriosis on the anterior or mid diaphragm. Eight symptomatic patients all had significant invasive disease with dimensions up to 5 cm across of the posterior right diaphragm, which could not always be seen from the umbilical port site. All such lesions can be seen by a laparoscope placed beneath the right costal margin. Laparoscopic treatment of symptomatic disease is not rational given the posterior placement of the disease out of sight behind the liver and the full-thickness nature of the disease in all eight patients. Laparotomy with full thickness resection of the diaphragm resulted in complete eradication of symptoms in seven of eight patients, and good symptomatic reduction in one.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Treatment of diaphragmatic endometriosis by laparotomy results in a high rate of symptom relief. Laparoscopic treatment of diaphragmatic endometriosis will result in a high rate of incomplete diagnosis and incomplete treatment with a high rate of continuing symptoms.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"77","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"288","pageEnd":"296","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(01)02998-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34512909"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(01)02998-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11821085"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34512909"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/acute-respiratory-failure-and-shortterm-outcome-after-premature-rupture-of-the-m-yr9wjn97/","name":"Acute respiratory failure and short-term outcome after premature rupture of the membranes and oligohydramnios before 20 weeks of gestation","headline":"Acute respiratory failure and short-term outcome after premature rupture of the membranes and oligohydramnios before 20 weeks of gestation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/acute-respiratory-failure-and-shortterm-outcome-after-premature-rupture-of-the-m-yr9wjn97/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindner W"},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Pohlandt","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universität Ulm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/032000t02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Grab D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Flock F"}],"datePublished":"2002-02-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: To study the effect of premature rupture of membranes and oligohydramnios before 20 weeks of gestation (PROM20) on acute respiratory morbidity and on short-term outcome in infants with a gestational age >or=24 weeks.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: A historic cohort study was performed of all infants born after PROM20 with a gestational age greater-than-or-equal24 weeks between 1990 and 1999. Control infants were matched for year of birth, gestational age, and birth weight.\n\nRESULTS: PROM20 infants had an increased acute respiratory morbidity (higher ventilator settings and increased incidence of hypoxemia, hypercapnia, and pulmonary hypertension) and a trend to more air leaks. Although not statistically different, PROM20 infants had more complications (neonatal survival, 68% vs 95%; severe intracranial hemorrhage, 31% vs 6%; chronic lung disease in surviving infants, 46% vs 17%). The relative risk for combined morbidity (death, intracranial hemorrhage, chronic lung disease) was increased (3.0, P =.019) when compared with matched control infants. However, 31% of the surviving PROM20 infants were discharged without apparent morbidity.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Expectant treatment in women with PROM20 and present neonatal intensive care has improved the survival of PROM20 infants despite severe initial respiratory failure. However, chronic morbidity still occurred.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"140","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of pediatrics"}}},"pageStart":"177","pageEnd":"82","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1067/mpd.2002.121697","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47581999"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1067/mpd.2002.121697"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11865268"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47581999"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/obstetric-somatic-and-demographic-risk-factors-for-postpartum-depressive-symptom-recwrcuix5rqslnkp/","name":"Obstetric, somatic, and demographic risk factors for postpartum depressive symptoms","headline":"Obstetric, somatic, and demographic risk factors for postpartum depressive symptoms","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/obstetric-somatic-and-demographic-risk-factors-for-postpartum-depressive-symptom-recwrcuix5rqslnkp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ann Josefsson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3238-3811","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Linköping University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ynxx418"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisbeth Angelsiöö"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ekström CM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carl-Magnus Ekström"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Göran Berg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9390-6124","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Linköping University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ynxx418"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christina Gunnervik"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Conny Nordin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Linköping University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ynxx418"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gunilla Sydsjö","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4296-4038","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Linköping University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ynxx418"}}],"datePublished":"2002-01-30","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To identify and test the predictive power of potential independent risk factors of postpartum depressive symptoms during pregnancy and the perinatal period.\n\nMETHODS: We conducted a case-control study where 132 women with postpartum depressive symptoms were selected as an index group and 264 women without depressive symptoms as a control group. Data related to sociodemographic status, medical, gynecologic, and obstetric history, pregnancy, and perinatal events were collected from standardized medical records.\n\nRESULTS: The strongest risk factors for postpartum depressive symptoms were sick leave during pregnancy and a high number of visits to the antenatal care clinic. Complications during pregnancy, such as hyperemesis, premature contractions, and psychiatric disorder were more common in the postpartum depressed group of women. No association was found between parity, sociodemographic data, or mode of delivery and postpartum depressive symptoms.\n\nCONCLUSION: Women at risk for postpartum depression can be identified during pregnancy. The strongest risk factors, sick leave during pregnancy and many visits to the antenatal care clinic, are not etiologic and might be of either behavioral or biologic origin. The possibilities of genetic vulnerability and hormonal changes warrant further investigation to reach a more thorough understanding.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"99","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"223","pageEnd":"228","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(01)01722-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61061696"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0029-7844(01)01722-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11814501"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q61061696"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/implantation-and-the-survival-of-early-pregnancy-recbk73meaa6yztxl/","name":"Implantation and the survival of early pregnancy","headline":"Implantation and the survival of early pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/implantation-and-the-survival-of-early-pregnancy-recbk73meaa6yztxl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Errol R Norwitz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4643-1546","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D J Schust","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4561-7808","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S J Fisher","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7745-4850","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}}],"datePublished":"2002-01-17","abstract":"The implantation of fertilized ova and the formation of the placenta are crucial steps in reproduction. This review summarizes current information about these steps, including some of the molecular mechanisms that mediate them and how they may go awry, with consequent loss of the pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"345","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"1400","pageEnd":"1408","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMra000763","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28215729"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJMra000763"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11794174"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28215729"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/factors-influencing-womens-satisfaction-with-birth-control-methods-recrgo6eeggos6h8a/","name":"Factors influencing women's satisfaction with birth control methods","headline":"Factors influencing women's satisfaction with birth control methods","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/factors-influencing-womens-satisfaction-with-birth-control-methods-recrgo6eeggos6h8a/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Isolde den Tonkelaar"},{"@type":"Person","name":"B J Oddens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5393-2555","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"International Health Foundation, Geneva, Switzerland. info@ihf.nl"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D den Tonkelaar","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"International Health Foundation, Geneva, Switzerland."}}],"datePublished":"2002-01-05","abstract":"Objectives: To study the extent to which variation in satisfaction with a birth control method is explained by variation in perceived physical and psychological effects.\n\nMethods: A population survey among 1466 German women was carried out. Within the overall sample, 1303 women had ever used oral contraceptives, 996 had relied on condoms, 342 had ever used intrauterine devices (IUD), 428 had used natural family planning and 139 women were sterilized. For each method a woman had ever used, she answered questions about satisfaction with the method, concerns about getting pregnant or suffering health risks during use, ease of use, changes in sexual relationship, relationship with the partner and mood. Past and current users of oral contraceptives and IUDs and sterilized women additionally reported changes in menstrual bleeding.\n\nResults: Variation in satisfaction was, for a large part, explained by variation in health concerns among oral contraceptive users, by variation in perceived changes in the quality of the sexual relationship among condom users, by perceived ease of use among IUD users and sterilized women, and by variation in pregnancy concern among natural family planning users.\n\nConclusion: Counselling about these perceived experiences is most likely to result in greater satisfaction and therefore improved compliance.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care : the Official  Journal of the European Society of Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"153","pageEnd":"158","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/713604231","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77410879"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/713604231"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11763979"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q77410879"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/amniotic-fluid-infection-cytokines-and-adverse-outcome-among-infants-at-34-weeks-recmvushv50askhdn/","name":"Amniotic fluid infection, cytokines, and adverse outcome among infants at 34 weeks' gestation or less","headline":"Amniotic fluid infection, cytokines, and adverse outcome among infants at 34 weeks' gestation or less","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/amniotic-fluid-infection-cytokines-and-adverse-outcome-among-infants-at-34-weeks-recmvushv50askhdn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J Aura","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1074-4495"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D A Eschenbach","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S L Hillier","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Hitti","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"James Murphy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7066-5575","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Tarczy-Hornoch"}],"datePublished":"2002-01-05","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: We examined the hypothesis that amniotic fluid (AF) infection and elevated cytokine concentrations may cause neonatal injury beyond that expected solely from prematurity.\n\nMETHODS: The effects of exposure to AF infection and elevated cytokine concentrations were measured in 151 infants born to afebrile women in preterm labor with intact membranes at less than or equal to 34 weeks' gestation. Amniotic fluid was collected by amniocentesis for culture and determination of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6. Cytokine concentrations, stratified by AF infection, were compared for three gestational age groups. We then examined the associations between a positive AF culture or elevated AF tumor necrosis factor-alpha concentration and adverse neonatal outcomes, adjusted for birth weight.\n\nRESULTS: Amniotic fluid from 45 (30%) of 151 pregnancies had microorganisms, an elevated tumor necrosis factor-alpha concentration, or both. Amniotic fluid cytokine concentrations were significantly higher among women in preterm labor at less than or equal to 30 weeks, compared with 31-34 weeks. Nine of 11 infants who died at less than or equal to 24 hours of age had AF infection or elevated AF tumor necrosis factor-alpha. For the 140 surviving infants, AF infection and/or an elevated AF tumor necrosis factor-alpha was associated with respiratory distress syndrome (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.7), grade 3-4 intraventricular hemorrhage (adjusted OR 2.2), necrotizing enterocolitis (adjusted OR 1.8), and multiple organ dysfunction (adjusted OR 3.0).\n\nCONCLUSION: Among infants born at less than or equal to 34 weeks to women who have intact membranes and are initially afebrile, those exposed to AF bacteria or cytokines have more adverse neonatal outcomes than unexposed infants of similar birth weight.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"98","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1080","pageEnd":"1088","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(01)01567-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57282330"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0029-7844(01)01567-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11755557"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q57282330"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-creighton-model-fertilitycare-system-an-introductory-booklet-for-new-users-reczne3y0tcidbsrx/","name":"The Creighton Model FertilityCare™ System, An Introductory Booklet for New Users","headline":"The Creighton Model FertilityCare™ System, An Introductory Booklet for New Users","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-creighton-model-fertilitycare-system-an-introductory-booklet-for-new-users-reczne3y0tcidbsrx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2002-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hirsutism-looking-below-the-surface-recphuhnwnlxqlbvm/","name":"Hirsutism: Looking Below the Surface","headline":"Hirsutism: Looking Below the Surface","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hirsutism-looking-below-the-surface-recphuhnwnlxqlbvm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephen Boppart"}],"datePublished":"2002-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/physicians-desk-reference-pdr-57th-edition-rec8lud7siztbpmyf/","name":"Physicians' Desk Reference (PDR), 57th Edition","headline":"Physicians' Desk Reference (PDR), 57th Edition","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/physicians-desk-reference-pdr-57th-edition-rec8lud7siztbpmyf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Physicians' Desk Reference 57th Edition"}],"datePublished":"2002-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-creighton-model-fertilitycare-system-a-standardized-case-management-approach-recwkr7nyrcvm7swv/","name":"The Creighton Model FertilityCare™ System: A Standardized Case Management Approach to Teaching. Book I — Basic Teaching Skills, 2nd Edition","headline":"The Creighton Model FertilityCare™ System: A Standardized Case Management Approach to Teaching. Book I — Basic Teaching Skills, 2nd Edition","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-creighton-model-fertilitycare-system-a-standardized-case-management-approach-recwkr7nyrcvm7swv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hilgers SK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Prebil AM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Diane Daly","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4526-9869","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint John's Mercy Medical Center"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2002-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-ageing-female-reproductive-axis-ii-ovulatory-changes-with-perimenopause-reccv28dw5zbzjlvr/","name":"The ageing female reproductive axis II: ovulatory changes with perimenopause","headline":"The ageing female reproductive axis II: ovulatory changes with perimenopause","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-ageing-female-reproductive-axis-ii-ovulatory-changes-with-perimenopause-reccv28dw5zbzjlvr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2002-01-01","abstract":"Perimenopause, a complex physiological transition for midlife women, begins with changes in experiences many years before cycles become irregular, oestradiol levels decrease or follicle-stimulating hormone levels increase. Erratic and average higher oestradiol levels as well as shorter luteal phase lengths and lower progesterone levels occur during perimenopause. These ovarian changes may be causally related to lower inhibin production but the dynamic prospective inter-relationships within women are not well documented. This review will first define perimenopause and then explore the limited published data on ovulatory characteristics in perimenopause. In addition, it will report preliminary prospective observational data on menstrual cycles and ovulation in initially ovulatory women followed through the perimenopause. Prospective data suggest that ovulation disturbances begin early in perimenopause and increase with irregular cycles. Combined with higher oestradiol levels they may cause menorrhagia. It is not yet known whether disturbances of ovulation relate to bone loss in perimenopausal, as in premenopausal, women. It is also not known whether progesterone therapy can effectively counteract the end organ (breast, endometrial, brain) effects of higher/erratic oestradiol levels and effectively treat perimenopausal vasomotor and other symptoms.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"242","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Novartis Foundation symposium"}},"pageStart":"172","pageEnd":"192","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-a-new-monophasic-oral-contraceptive-on-perimenstrual-symptoms-abst-reccru563g914au7k/","name":"A new monophasic oral contraceptive containing drospirenone. Effect on premenstrual symptoms","headline":"A new monophasic oral contraceptive containing drospirenone. Effect on premenstrual symptoms","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-a-new-monophasic-oral-contraceptive-on-perimenstrual-symptoms-abst-reccru563g914au7k/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"F Ling"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brown C","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4390-5980","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Queensland"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wan J","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9216-586X"}],"datePublished":"2002-01-01","abstract":"Objective: To determine whether a new monophasic oral contraceptive containing drospirenone/ethinyl estradiol reduces premenstrual symptoms.\n\nStudy Design: In an open-label study measuring intrasubject changes in premenstrual symptoms and comparing effects between women who were new users of oral contraceptives and those who switched from previous contraceptives, ethinyl estradiol (30 micrograms) and drospirenone (3 mg) were administered for 13 menstrual cycles to 326 healthy women aged 18-35 years. Subjects completed the 23-item Women's Health Assessment Questionnaire at baseline and at the end of the sixth cycle.\n\nResults: At the end of cycle 6, premenstrual and menstrual symptom scores on the negative affect and water retention scales were reduced significantly relative to baseline, as was increased appetite during the premenstrual and menstrual phases. Similar improvements were seen among new users of hormonal contraceptives and those who switched from previous contraceptives. Impaired concentration scale scores were not significantly reduced from baseline, and assessments of undesired hair changes and feelings of well-being did not change appreciably.\n\nConclusion: An oral contraceptive containing drospirenone/ethinyl estradiol may reduce the premenstrual symptoms of negative affect, water retention and increased appetite.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"47","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of reproductive medicine"}}},"pageStart":"14","pageEnd":"22","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/surgical-techniques-of-open-myomectomy-rectxsjnm6glnrphd/","name":"Surgical Techniques of Open Myomectomy","headline":"Surgical Techniques of Open Myomectomy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/surgical-techniques-of-open-myomectomy-rectxsjnm6glnrphd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Freeman ML","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1881-366X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Diamond MP","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6353-4489","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Augusta University"}}],"datePublished":"2002-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Operative Techniques in Gynecologic Surgery"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2001-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2001-fzvjgugv/","name":"DIR Jahrbuch 2001 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2001)","headline":"DIR Jahrbuch 2001 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2001)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2001-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2001-fzvjgugv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register e.V."}],"datePublished":"2002-01-01","abstract":"Annual report (Jahrbuch) of the Deutsches IVF-Register (DIR) for treatment year 2001. DIR is the German national IVF/ICSI registry, founded 1982 — the oldest continuously operating ART registry. Voluntary professional-society database with high de-facto coverage of German fertility centres. Reports cycles, transfers, pregnancies and clinical outcomes by treatment type (IVF, ICSI, frozen embryo transfer, donor). German-language registry document. Used as a Phase B historical-archive source for the ART Registry Comparison study (cross-registry classification by reporting completeness on 7 framework dimensions).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register Jahrbuch"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-epidemiology-of-endometriosis-recqui5ve8qyrhv4c/","name":"The epidemiology of endometriosis","headline":"The epidemiology of endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-epidemiology-of-endometriosis-recqui5ve8qyrhv4c/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Daniel W Cramer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8024-3066","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stacey A Missmer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1768-7705","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Michigan State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993"}}],"datePublished":"2002-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"955","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"}},"pageStart":"11-22; discussion 34-6, 396-406","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb02761.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77930005"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb02761.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11949940"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q77930005"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/screening-tests-to-detect-chlamydia-trachomatis-and-neisseria-gonorrhoeae-infect-i1ltlqs2/","name":"Screening Tests To Detect Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae Infections--2002","headline":"Screening Tests To Detect Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae Infections--2002","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/screening-tests-to-detect-chlamydia-trachomatis-and-neisseria-gonorrhoeae-infect-i1ltlqs2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention"}],"datePublished":"2002-01-01","abstract":"Since publication of CDC's 1993 guidelines (CDC, Recommendations for the prevention and management of Chlamydia trachomatis infections, 1993. MMWR 1993;42[No. RR-12]:1-39), nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) have been introduced as critical new tools to diagnose and treat C. trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections. NAATs for C. trachomatis are substantially more sensitive than previous tests. When using a NAAT, any sacrifice in performance when urine is substituted for a traditional swab specimen is limited, thus reducing dependence on invasive procedures and expanding the venues where specimens can be obtained. NAATs can also detect both C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae organisms in the same specimen. However, NAATs are usually more expensive than previous tests, making test performance from an economic perspective a key consideration. This report updates the 1993 guidelines for selecting laboratory tests for C. trachomatis with an emphasis on screening men and women in the United States. (In this report, screening refers to testing persons in the absence of symptoms or signs indicating C. trachomatis or N. gonorrhoeae infection.) In addition, these guidelines consider tests from an economic perspective and expand the previous guidelines to address detection of N. gonorrhoeae as well as C. trachomatis infections. Because of the increased cost of NAATs, certain laboratories are modifying manufacturers' procedures to improve test sensitivity without incurring the full cost associated with screening with a NAAT. Such approaches addressed in these guidelines are pooling of specimens before testing with a NAAT and additional testing of specimens whose non-NAAT test result is within a gray zone. This report also addresses the need for additional testing after a positive screening test to improve the specificity of a final diagnosis. To prepare these guidelines, CDC staff identified pertinent concerns, compiled the related literature published during 1990 or later, prepared tables of evidence, and drafted recommendations. Consultants, selected for their expertise or disciplinary and organizational affiliations, reviewed the draft recommendations. These final guidelines are the recommendations of CDC staff who considered contributions from scientific consultants. These guidelines are intended for laboratorians, clinicians, and managers who must choose among the multiple available tests, establish standard operating procedures for collecting and processing specimens, interpret test results for laboratory reporting, and counsel and treat patients.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"PsycEXTRA Dataset"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1037/e548392006-001","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1037/e548392006-001"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/was-sampson-wrong-recgayvivd9skiems/","name":"Was Sampson wrong?","headline":"Was Sampson wrong?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/was-sampson-wrong-recgayvivd9skiems/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"David B Redwine","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Charles Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02stwhg86"}}],"datePublished":"2002-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"78","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"686","pageEnd":"693","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03329-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34153757"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(02)03329-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12372441"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34153757"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reproductive-anatomy-and-physiology-a-primer-for-fertilitycare-professionals-rec3y7azlsl4hcpsf/","name":"Reproductive Anatomy and Physiology: A Primer for FertilityCare Professionals","headline":"Reproductive Anatomy and Physiology: A Primer for FertilityCare Professionals","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reproductive-anatomy-and-physiology-a-primer-for-fertilitycare-professionals-rec3y7azlsl4hcpsf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2002-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-creighton-model-fertilitycare-system-a-standarized-case-management-approach--recd8ee1yo62qwvnh/","name":"The Creighton Model FertilityCare™ System: A Standarized, Case Management Approach to Teaching","headline":"The Creighton Model FertilityCare™ System: A Standarized, Case Management Approach to Teaching","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-creighton-model-fertilitycare-system-a-standarized-case-management-approach--recd8ee1yo62qwvnh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hilgers SK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Prebil AM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Diane Daly","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4526-9869","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint John's Mercy Medical Center"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2002-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-boston-ivf-handbook-of-infertility-zpjbkamj/","name":"The Boston IVF Handbook of Infertility","headline":"The Boston IVF Handbook of Infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-boston-ivf-handbook-of-infertility-zpjbkamj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bayer SR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael M. Alper"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alan S. Penzias","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7160-494X"}],"datePublished":"2002-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Parthenon Publishing"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/impact-of-progestins-on-estrogen-induced-neuroprotection-synergy-by-progesterone-recav4vb3oeuypjxm/","name":"Impact of progestins on estrogen-induced neuroprotection: synergy by progesterone and 19-norprogesterone and antagonism by medroxyprogesterone acetate","headline":"Impact of progestins on estrogen-induced neuroprotection: synergy by progesterone and 19-norprogesterone and antagonism by medroxyprogesterone acetate","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/impact-of-progestins-on-estrogen-induced-neuroprotection-synergy-by-progesterone-recav4vb3oeuypjxm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jon Nilsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0407-1060","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roberta Diaz Brinton","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8450-772X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}}],"datePublished":"2001-12-26","abstract":"Estrogen replacement therapy is associated with improvement of cognitive deficits and reduced incidence of Alzheimer's disease. To compare the impact of therapeutically relevant progestins on estrogen-induced neuroprotection, we treated primary hippocampal neuron cultures with 17beta-E2 and progestin, alone and in combination, 48 h before glutamate insult. Estrogen, progesterone, and 19-norprogesterone, alone or in combination, protected against glutamate toxicity. In contrast, medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) failed to protect against glutamate toxicity. Not only was MPA an ineffective neuroprotectant but it attenuated the estrogen- induced neuroprotection when coadministered. We addressed the role of MAPK activation in neuroprotection by ovarian steroids. Estrogen and all three progestins tested, alone or in combination, activated MAPK, indicating another mechanism of protection. Bcl-2 expression has been shown to prevent cell death and is up-regulated by 17beta-E2. Progesterone and 19-norprogesterone, alone or in combination with estrogen, increased Bcl-2 expression. In contrast, MPA blocked estrogen-induced Bcl-2 expression when coadministered. These results may have important implications for the effective use of hormone replacement therapy in the maintenance of neuronal function during menopause and aging and for protection against neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"143","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"205","pageEnd":"212","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/endo.143.1.8582","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28578932"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/endo.143.1.8582"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11751611"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28578932"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/periodic-abstinence-and-calendar-method-use-in-hungary-peru-the-philippines-and--recsjv5nw0xdczktd/","name":"Periodic abstinence and calendar method use in Hungary, Peru, the Philippines,  and Sri Lanka","headline":"Periodic abstinence and calendar method use in Hungary, Peru, the Philippines,  and Sri Lanka","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/periodic-abstinence-and-calendar-method-use-in-hungary-peru-the-philippines-and--recsjv5nw0xdczktd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Research Group on Methods for the Natural Regulation of Fertility**e1","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"World Health Organization","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01f80g185"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Research Group on Methods for the Natural Regulation of Fertility"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Catherine d'Arcangues","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Special Programme of Research, Development, and Research Training in Human Reproduction, Geneva, Switzerland. darcanguesc@who.ch"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K I Kennedy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6630-3803","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National University of Singapore"}}],"datePublished":"2001-12-19","abstract":"Focus group research was conducted in four countries to understand how couples who use calendar methods determine when they are at risk of pregnancy, what behavior they adopt during the fertile phase, and whether or not they are satisfied with their method. Calendar and periodic abstinence method users do not all know how to make correct calendar calculations of the fertile period, report being sexually active during the fertile period, and desire a more comprehensive approach to sexual behavior during the fertile period. Men's roles in the methods should be enhanced, and credible resources in the community should be enlisted to improve education, information, and communication.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"64","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"209","pageEnd":"215","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0010-7824(01)00252-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38491066"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0010-7824(01)00252-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11747869"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38491066"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/premenstrual-dysphoric-disorder-and-risk-for-major-depressive-disorder-a-prelimi-recs36yc6wvuhvsfh/","name":"Premenstrual dysphoric disorder and risk for major depressive disorder: a preliminary study","headline":"Premenstrual dysphoric disorder and risk for major depressive disorder: a preliminary study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/premenstrual-dysphoric-disorder-and-risk-for-major-depressive-disorder-a-prelimi-recs36yc6wvuhvsfh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Shirley Hartlage"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Gehlert","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6969-9882","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Chicago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K E Arduino"}],"datePublished":"2001-12-18","abstract":"Investigators examined whether premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) poses a risk for major depressive disorder (MDD). In an initial study, women rated premenstrual symptoms and functional impairment daily for two menstrual cycles. A semistructured diagnostic interview was given to obtain psychiatric histories and differentiate PMDD from premenstrual exacerbations of other disorders. Participants in this pilot study were eight women with PMDD and a random subgroup without PMDD (n = 9) initially. Another semistructured interview was given to diagnose psychiatric disorders occurring during a two-year follow-up interval. In all, seven of the eight women with PMDD developed MDD within two years, including all those who had never had MDD before. The odds that a woman with PMDD developed MDD were 14 times the odds that a woman without PMDD developed MDD ( p <.05). Premenstrual dysphoric disorder may be a prodrome of or causal risk factor for MDD. Preliminary evidence for the diagnostic validity of PMDD is provided.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"57","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Clinical Psychology"}}},"pageStart":"1571","pageEnd":"1578","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.1119","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77358172"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/jclp.1119"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11745598"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q77358172"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteal-function-as-the-main-determinant-of-pregnancy-outcome-successful-preventi-recjv5pvfyetlmilj/","name":"Luteal function as the main determinant of pregnancy outcome: successful prevention of spontaneous abortion, prematurity and IUGR","headline":"Luteal function as the main determinant of pregnancy outcome: successful prevention of spontaneous abortion, prematurity and IUGR","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteal-function-as-the-main-determinant-of-pregnancy-outcome-successful-preventi-recjv5pvfyetlmilj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Siklósi G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Demendi C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Börzsönyi B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gimes G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bakos L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Olajos F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marcsek Z"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Acs N","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3352-9544"}],"datePublished":"2001-12-18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Early Pregnancy"}}},"pageStart":"22","pageEnd":"23","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/postnatal-increase-of-procalcitonin-in-premature-newborns-is-enhanced-by-chorioa-recuntzlvdcvkwvbz/","name":"Postnatal increase of procalcitonin in premature newborns is enhanced by chorioamnionitis and neonatal sepsis","headline":"Postnatal increase of procalcitonin in premature newborns is enhanced by chorioamnionitis and neonatal sepsis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/postnatal-increase-of-procalcitonin-in-premature-newborns-is-enhanced-by-chorioa-recuntzlvdcvkwvbz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J Janota","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0684-375X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Charles University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024d6js02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Z. Stranák","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7095-3198","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute of Child and Mother Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dm6kv37"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Simona Bělohlávková","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2125-6614","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ústav pro Péči o Matku a Dítě","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03zd7qx32"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jan Šimák","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8910-7362","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute of Child and Mother Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dm6kv37"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Mudra","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Military University Hospital Prague","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03a8sgj63"}}],"datePublished":"2001-12-12","abstract":"BACKGROUND: To determine the influence of chorioamnionitis and neonatal sepsis on procalcitonin (PCT) levels in very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants within the first week of life.\n\nDESIGN: PCT serum levels were measured in cord blood 1 h after delivery and on day 3 and day 7 of life. Chorioamnionitis and neonatal sepsis within the first week were monitored.\n\nRESULTS: Chorioamnionitis was present in eight of 37 patients (21.6%). PCT on day 3 was increased in both the \"No chorioamnionitis\" (2.54 ng mL(-1), SEM 0.51) and \"Chorioamnionitis\" (6.96 ng mL(-1), SEM 2.93) groups of VLBW infants compared with the 1st hour values (0.45 and 0.58 ng mL(-1) SEM 0.07 and 0.11, respectively, P < 0.001) of the same patients. The postnatal gain was higher in the \"Chorioamnionitis\" group (P < 0.01). Neonatal sepsis was diagnosed (after exclusion) in 12 of 32 patients (37.5%). Mean values of maximum PCT in patients with and without sepsis were 8.41 ng mL(-1) (SEM 1.87) and 3.02 ng mL(-1) (SEM 1.38), respectively (P < 0.05). Sensitivity to sepsis of PCT, ratio of immature to total neutrophils (I : T), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were 75%, 50% and 25%, respectively.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: In the group of VLBW infants the PCT level within 72 h of delivery was markedly increased in patients with chorioamnionitis. Compared with I : T and CRP, PCT appears to be a more sensitive marker of neonatal sepsis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"31","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European Journal of Clinical Investigation"}}},"pageStart":"978","pageEnd":"983","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2362.2001.00912.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77332786"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1046/j.1365-2362.2001.00912.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11737240"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q77332786"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-randomized-study-comparing-crinone-8-and-intramuscular-progesterone-supplement-rec4cbjm3npt7tybg/","name":"A randomized study comparing Crinone 8% and intramuscular progesterone supplementation in in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer cycles","headline":"A randomized study comparing Crinone 8% and intramuscular progesterone supplementation in in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer cycles","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-randomized-study-comparing-crinone-8-and-intramuscular-progesterone-supplement-rec4cbjm3npt7tybg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E S Ginsburg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5206-1724","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph A. Politch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7022-0135","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elena Yanushpolsky","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph A Hill","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5379-1614","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Hurwitz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A M Propst","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}}],"datePublished":"2001-12-04","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of Crinone 8% intravaginal progesterone gel vs. IM progesterone for luteal phase and early pregnancy support after IVF-ET.\n\nDESIGN: Randomized, open-label study.\n\nSETTING: Academic medical center.\n\nPATIENT(S): Two hundred and one women undergoing IVF-ET.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Women were randomized to supplementation with Crinone 8% (90 mg once daily) or IM progesterone (50 mg once daily) beginning the day after oocyte retrieval.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Pregnancy, embryo implantation, and live birth rates.\n\nRESULT(S): The women randomized to luteal phase supplementation with IM progesterone had significantly higher clinical pregnancy (48.5% vs. 30.4%; odds ratio [OR], 2.16; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.21, 3.87), embryo implantation (24.1% vs. 17.5%; OR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.08, 3.30), and live birth rates (39.4% vs. 24.5%; OR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.10, 3.70) than women randomized to Crinone 8%.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): In women undergoing IVF-ET, once-a-day progesterone supplementation with Crinone 8%, beginning the day after oocyte retrieval, resulted in significantly lower embryo implantation, clinical pregnancy, and live birth rates compared with women supplemented with IM progesterone.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"76","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1144","pageEnd":"1149","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(01)02872-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43813764"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(01)02872-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11730742"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43813764"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/angiogenesis-in-the-human-corpus-luteum-simulated-early-pregnancy-by-hcg-treatme-recixf9d2wqcyauih/","name":"Angiogenesis in the human corpus luteum: simulated early pregnancy by HCG treatment is associated with both angiogenesis and vessel stabilization","headline":"Angiogenesis in the human corpus luteum: simulated early pregnancy by HCG treatment is associated with both angiogenesis and vessel stabilization","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/angiogenesis-in-the-human-corpus-luteum-simulated-early-pregnancy-by-hcg-treatme-recixf9d2wqcyauih/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C Wulff","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5827-5275","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical Research Council","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03x94j517"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarah Dickson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2711-971X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"W Colin Duncan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7170-5740","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"From Tommy’s National Centre for Miscarriage Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (A.C., A.J.D., V.C., H.H., L.J.M., I.D.G., H.W., A.K.E., T.R., C....","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05y3qh794"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H M Fraser"}],"datePublished":"2001-12-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: This study examined changes in the luteal vasculature throughout the menstrual cycle and during simulated pregnancy with human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) in the human.\n\nMETHODS: Endothelial cell and pericyte area were assessed by quantitative immunocytochemistry for CD34 and alpha-smooth muscle actin respectively, taking into consideration the dynamics of lutein cell hypertrophy and atrophy throughout the cycle and after HCG treatment. Endothelial cell proliferation was detected by Ki-67/CD34 dual staining and a proliferation index was obtained. The molecular regulation of angiogenesis was studied by examining changes in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) immunostaining.\n\nRESULTS: The early luteal phase is associated with intense angiogenesis, as indicated by high endothelial cell proliferation, and by the mid-luteal phase a mature vasculature was apparent, as shown by maximal endothelial cell and pericyte areas. During the late luteal phase, decreased endothelial proliferation, endothelial cell and pericyte area indicated vascular regression. HCG treatment induced a second burst of total and endothelial cell proliferation and a concomitant increase in endothelial cell and pericyte areas. VEGF protein was expressed throughout the luteal phase and a significant increase was found after HCG treatment.\n\nCONCLUSION: Luteal rescue with HCG is associated with a second wave of angiogenesis and vascular stabilization.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"2515","pageEnd":"2524","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/16.12.2515","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77300379"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/16.12.2515"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11726568"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q77300379"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteal-estrogen-supplementation-in-pregnancies-associated-with-low-serum-estradi-rec4cnsqckoieeerv/","name":"Luteal estrogen supplementation in pregnancies associated with low serum estradiol concentrations","headline":"Luteal estrogen supplementation in pregnancies associated with low serum estradiol concentrations","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteal-estrogen-supplementation-in-pregnancies-associated-with-low-serum-estradi-rec4cnsqckoieeerv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kaider AS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C B Coulam","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5920-791X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Houston Methodist","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027zt9171"}}],"datePublished":"2001-12-01","abstract":"The role of luteal phase estrogen in pregnancy outcome has been a matter of considerable debate. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of estrogen supplementation in gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa)/human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG)-stimulated cycles associated with low luteal estrogen concentration, a study was performed comparing the ongoing pregnancy rates in cycles with serum concentrations of estradiol (E2) <100 pg/ml 11 days post embryo transfer (p-ET), treated with luteal phase progesterone (P4) vs. E2 and P4 supplementation. Among 1106 serum samples studied, 951 were from women receiving GnRHa and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) prior to oocyte retrieval and P4 (50 mg-100 mg IM daily) as luteal phase supplementation beginning day 11 after retrieval. The remaining 155 were from women receiving both E2 (2 mg-6 mg estrace orally each day) and P4 during the luteal phase. Significantly greater frequencies of preclinical losses were observed among women with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) concentrations>5 mIU/ml and concurrent E2 concentrations <100 pg/ml compared with E2 >100 pg/ml (p<0.00001). Among the 128 women who had hCG concentrations >5 mIU/ml and E2 concentrations <100 pg/ml, 102 received P4 only during the luteal phase and 26 were treated with estrace 2 mg-6 mg daily, as well as P4 during the luteal phase. The frequency of preclinical pregnancy losses among the 102 women with hCG >5 mIU/ml and E2 <100 pg/ml who did not receive luteal E2 supplementation was 72%, compared with 50% who received luteal E2 supplementation (p=0.04) The increase in preclinical pregnancy loss rates among women not receiving luteal E2 resulted in a decrease in ongoing pregnancy rate (8%), compared to those receiving luteal E2 supplementation (31%) (p=0.002). Our results indicated that a subset of women losing pregnancies preclinically after GnRHa and FSH stimulation due to low luteal phase serum E2 level may benefit from luteal estrogen supplementation. More sensitive and specific markers are needed to identify prospectively women in this risk group.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Early Pregnancy"}}},"pageStart":"191","pageEnd":"199","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lepidium-meyenii-maca-improved-semen-parameters-in-adult-men-fnk3e328/","name":"Lepidium meyenii (Maca) improved semen parameters in adult men","headline":"Lepidium meyenii (Maca) improved semen parameters in adult men","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lepidium-meyenii-maca-improved-semen-parameters-in-adult-men-fnk3e328/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Gonzales GF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cordova A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gonzales C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vega K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Villena A"}],"datePublished":"2001-12-01","abstract":"AIM: The present study was designed to determine the effect of a 4-month oral treatment with tablets of Lepidium meyenii (Maca) on seminal analysis in nine adult normal men aged 24-44 years old.\n\nMETHODS: Nine men received tablets of Maca (1500 or 3000 mg/day) for 4 months. Seminal analysis was performed according to guidelines of the World Health Organization (WHO). Serum luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), prolactin (PRL), testosterone (T) and estradiol (E2) were measured before and after treatment.\n\nRESULTS: Treatment with Maca resulted in increased seminal volume, sperm count per ejaculum, motile sperm count, and sperm motility. Serum hormone levels were not modified with Maca treatment. Increase of sperm count was not related to dose of Maca.\n\nCONCLUSION: Maca improved sperm production and sperm motility by mechanisms not related to LH, FSH, PRL, T and E2.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Asian journal of andrology"}}},"pageStart":"301","pageEnd":"3","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33956551","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11753476"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33956551"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/perimenopausal-bone-loss-more-than-estrogen-depletion-recnkxapx0mc7wp3w/","name":"Perimenopausal bone loss: more than estrogen depletion","headline":"Perimenopausal bone loss: more than estrogen depletion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/perimenopausal-bone-loss-more-than-estrogen-depletion-recnkxapx0mc7wp3w/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elaine Kingwell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1956-1700","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Coastal Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bd8jh67"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sheila M. Pride"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C M Bishop","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00frst980"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine L Hitchcock","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation Research, Division of Endocrinology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y M Vigna","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8840-192X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2001-12-01","abstract":"To the Editor: In their recent article, \"Characterization of Perimenopausal Bone Loss,\" Recker and colleagues present unique longitudinal bone mineral density (BMD) and hormonal data.1 We acknowledge the work involved in recruiting, motivating, and continuing to follow 75 women each for an average of 8 years. The data from this study are an important contribution to our knowledge of bone changes through the natural perimenopausal transition. Unfortunately, these authors have chosen to reduce the complex endocrinological and physiological changes of perimenopause2 to one idea—\"estrogen deprivation.\" Our first concern is that \"estrogen deprivation\" or \"depletion\" is not an adequate concept with which to explain the rapid bone loss during perimenopause. The author's own data show that 50% of spinal BMD loss has occurred by 6 months before the final menstrual period at which time estradiol levels are not lower than in the so called \"estrogen replete\" group. In this study, perimenopausal bone loss appears to begin approximately 3 years before the final menstrual flow, which is about the time when menstrual cycles become irregular.3 Several other studies also show accelerated rates of perimenopausal bone loss.2, 4, 5 During these later phases of perimenopause, estradiol levels can be very high and certainly are not consistently low.2, 6, 7 If estradiol levels are not low in perimenopause, how can we explain the rapid bone loss? First, estradiol levels vary widely.2 Perhaps, acute drops in estradiol levels (often from abnormally high values) cause increased bone resorption much like that which has been shown to occur within seven days of premenopausal ovariectomy.8 A second possibility is that perimenopause causes psychosocial stress.9 Social stress coupled with high estradiol levels in men have been experimentally shown to cause increased cortisol levels10 that are known to be negative for bone. Finally, ovulatory changes that increase as women progress through perimenopause,11 are associated with accelerated cancellous bone loss, despite normal estradiol levels and regular cycles in premenopausal women.12 Replacement of luteal phases with cyclic progestin in a double-blind randomized study in premenopausal women with abnormal cycles caused an important positive change in spinal BMD.13 As a mechanism to allow use of all of their data, the authors labeled \"estrogen replete\" those women who continued to menstruate as well as those who started hormone therapy before menopause. It seems odd to us to combine data from three women who have undergone ovariectomy and seven women on exogenous hormone therapy with 10 preor perimenopausal women. The estrogen deprivation hypothesis has led the authors to overlook important physiological differences within this group. We request that the data for the 10 untreated preor perimenopausal women be provided and that we be told whether or not they continued to menstruate regularly. In women's life cycle, low levels of estrogen are as natural for menopausal women as for toddlers. To label menopause as a hormone deficiency condition is to ignore the normal hormonal pattern of women's lives. Recker and colleagues suggest that \"hormone replacement therapy\" should \"begin as early as 2 years before the last menstrual period.\" Although we acknowledge that vasomotor symptoms commonly begin in perimenopause and have a very negative impact on quality of life, we suggest that progesterone would be a more appropriate therapy. Progesterone is truly low at this phase of perimenopause11 and is effective for night sweats/hot flushes. We fear that prescription of estrogen to women in late perimenopause may have negative consequences in both the short and the long-term. In the short term, it may exacerbate symptoms such as breast tenderness, headaches, and fluid retention. In the long term, having experienced side effects from estrogen treatment these women may refuse it when they are menopausal, a time when it has the potential to be valuable therapy. In summary, this important study is flawed because it relies on a clearly inadequate \"estrogen deprivation\" concept as the sole explanation for differences found in the prospective data from midlife women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research"}}},"pageStart":"2367","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1359/jbmr.2001.16.12.2365","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43836195"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1359/jbmr.2001.16.12.2365"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11760855"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43836195"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/review-of-validation-studies-of-the-edinburgh-postnatal-depression-scale-recbnawhxeqbjviml/","name":"Review of validation studies of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale","headline":"Review of validation studies of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/review-of-validation-studies-of-the-edinburgh-postnatal-depression-scale-recbnawhxeqbjviml/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Malin Eberhard‐Gran","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9599-1905"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Eskild","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2756-1583","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Herlev Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wys9y90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Tambs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9463-7923"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Eberhard-Gran","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Section of Epidemiology, National Institute of Public Health, Post Box 4404, Nydalen, N-0403 Oslo, Norway."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Opjordsmoen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Herlev Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wys9y90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S O Samuelsen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oslo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01xtthb56"}}],"datePublished":"2001-11-28","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To review validation studies of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS).\n\nMETHOD: A systematic search was performed in Medline and the Science Citation Index Expanded (ISI) from the period 1987-2000. For sensitivity and specificity of the EPDS presented in each study, 95% confidence intervals were estimated. Positive and negative predictive values were estimated assuming prevalences of postpartum depression ranging from 5% to 20%.\n\nRESULTS: Eighteen validation studies were identified. The study design varied between studies. The sensitivity and specificity estimates also varied: 65-100% and 49-100%, respectively. The confidence intervals were estimated to be wide. Our estimates suggest a lower positive predictive value in a normal population than in the validation study samples.\n\nCONCLUSION: Most studies show a high sensitivity of the EPDS. Because of the differences in study design and large confidence intervals, uncertainty remains regarding the comparability between the sensitivity and specificity estimates of the different EPDS versions.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"104","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica"}}},"pageStart":"243","pageEnd":"249","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0447.2001.00187.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34448319"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1034/j.1600-0447.2001.00187.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11722298"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34448319"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estradiolprogesterone-substitution-in-the-luteal-phase-improves-pregnancy-rates--recqevqt17xkbglo0/","name":"Estradiol/progesterone substitution in the luteal phase improves pregnancy rates in stimulated cycles--but only in younger women","headline":"Estradiol/progesterone substitution in the luteal phase improves pregnancy rates in stimulated cycles--but only in younger women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estradiolprogesterone-substitution-in-the-luteal-phase-improves-pregnancy-rates--recqevqt17xkbglo0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Dudkiewicz A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vishvanath Karande","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Foundation for Reproductive Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hp71e29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Balin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Chicago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brown T","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9203-5723"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Campbell D","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2860-1580","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Griffith University Griffith Sciences"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Norbert Gleicher","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0202-4167","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Foundation for Reproductive Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hp71e29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Pratt","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7552-0334","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Foundation for Reproductive Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hp71e29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Rao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6155-8193","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Chicago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41"}}],"datePublished":"2001-11-24","abstract":"Innumerable studies have attempted to demonstrate that hormonal support of the luteal phase during ovulation induction cycles improves pregnancy rates. None has, however, so far been able to confirm the validity of such treatment conclusively, possibly because most studies only utilized progesterone substitution. Since luteal phase endometrium also requires estradiol support, this study attempted to investigate whether hormone substitution with progesterone and estradiol would be more successful in improving pregnancy rates. Amongst approximately 7500 consecutive ovulation induction cycles were identified prospectively which were characterized by a precipitous drop of luteal phase serum estradiol levels by more than 50% over a 48 hour period within 10 days from hCG administration. Those cycles were prospectively randomized to oral micronized estradiol substitution (Group I) or not (Group II), while both groups received routine progesterone substitution of the luteal phase. Cycles were then evaluated in regards to the occurrence of chemical, ectopic and clinical pregnancies. One hundred sixty-three Group I cycles resulted in 34 pregnancies (20.9%), which compared favorably to 21 pregnancies in 167 Group II patients (12.6%) (x2[1] = 4.06; p < 0.04). The advantage for Group I cycles (29/95 pregnancies, 31%) vs. Group II cycles (16/105, 15%) became even more pronounced when only women up to age 35 years were evaluated. Estradiol substitution maintained a significant advantage until age 38 (x2 [1] = 6.87; p < 0.009). While gravidity did not affect pregnancy success, estradiol substitution in Group I benefited nulliparous (23% pregnancy rate) over multiparous women (12% pregnancy rate) (x2 [2] = 6.86; p< 0.03). This association was, however, age-dependent. A combined estradiol and progesterone substitution of the luteal phase of ovulation induction cycles increases the overall pregnancy rate. Since estradiol substitution was initiated in this study only once a precipitous drop in serum estradiol levels had already taken place, an even larger improvement in pregnancy rates could conceivably be possible if earlier estradiol substitution of the luteal phase is initiated. A further expansion of investigations of similar protocols for routine ovulation induction and in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles may be indicated, especially in women below age 38 years and in nulliparous females.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Early Pregnancy"}}},"pageStart":"64","pageEnd":"73","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/improvement-in-insulin-sensitivity-followed-by-ovulation-and-pregnancy-in-a-woma-recxv5y3lfstf9pvh/","name":"Improvement in insulin sensitivity followed by ovulation and pregnancy in a woman with polycystic ovary syndrome who was treated with rosiglitazone","headline":"Improvement in insulin sensitivity followed by ovulation and pregnancy in a woman with polycystic ovary syndrome who was treated with rosiglitazone","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/improvement-in-insulin-sensitivity-followed-by-ovulation-and-pregnancy-in-a-woma-recxv5y3lfstf9pvh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"F Abbasi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3932-8375","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tracey McLaughlin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4829-8649","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f54p054"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N A Cataldo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f54p054"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Lamendola","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G M Reaven","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f54p054"}}],"datePublished":"2001-11-13","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine the metabolic and reproductive effectiveness of rosiglitazone in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).\n\nDESIGN: Case report.\n\nSETTING: Academic clinical practice and General Clinical Research Center.\n\nPATIENT(S): A 25-year-old woman with PCOS.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Rosiglitazone maleate, 4 mg daily for 5 months until conception.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Insulin sensitivity by steady-state plasma glucose technique; serum androgens, progesterone, and hCG; and pelvic ultrasound images.\n\nRESULT(S): Rosiglitazone treatment for 5 months improved insulin sensitivity, lowered serum free testosterone, and resulted in spontaneous ovulation and conception.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Rosiglitazone is a promising insulin sensitizer for treatment of PCOS. Clinical trials are warranted.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"76","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1057","pageEnd":"1059","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(01)02843-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43796289"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(01)02843-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11704136"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43796289"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/in-vitro-maturation-and-fertilization-of-oocytes-from-unstimulated-normal-ovarie-recrtt3cqeiuimlxe/","name":"In vitro maturation and fertilization of oocytes from unstimulated normal ovaries, polycystic ovaries, and women with polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"In vitro maturation and fertilization of oocytes from unstimulated normal ovaries, polycystic ovaries, and women with polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/in-vitro-maturation-and-fertilization-of-oocytes-from-unstimulated-normal-ovarie-recrtt3cqeiuimlxe/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Tim Child","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6668-0529","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S L Tan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4065-8619","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sheffield Hallam University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/019wt1929"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A K Abdul-Jalil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2744-7078","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00arwy491"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Gulekli","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00arwy491"}}],"datePublished":"2001-11-13","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To investigate differences in immature oocyte maturation, fertilization, and pregnancy rates among women with unstimulated normal ovaries, polycystic ovaries (PCOs), or PCOS.\n\nDESIGN: Prospective observational study.\n\nSETTING: University fertility clinic.\n\nPATIENT(S): One hundred forty-four women undergoing 180 in vitro oocyte maturation treatment cycles.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Transvaginal immature oocyte recovery from unstimulated ovaries 36 hours after hCG priming. In vitro oocyte maturation and fertilization. Fresh embryo transfer.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Immature oocytes collected, metaphase II oocytes, and embryos produced. Implantation and pregnancy rates.\n\nRESULT(S): The overall oocyte maturation and fertilization rates attained were 80.3% (1,222 of 1,522) and 76.5% (935 of 1,222), respectively. Significantly fewer immature oocytes were retrieved from normal ovaries (5.1 +/- 3.7) compared with the PCO (10.0 +/- 5.1) or PCOS (11.3 +/- 9.0) groups. Fertilization and cleavage rates were comparable among the three groups. The implantation, pregnancy, and live birth rates per transfer for normal ovaries were 1.5%, 4.0%, and 2.0%, respectively; for PCOs 8.9%, 23.1%, 17.3%, respectively; and for women with PCOS 9.6%, 29.9%, and 14.9%, respectively.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Immature oocytes retrieved from normal ovaries, PCOs, or women with PCOS, when using hCG priming before oocyte retrieval, have a similarly high maturation, fertilization, and cleavage potential. In vitro maturation is a useful treatment option, particularly for women with PCOs.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"76","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"936","pageEnd":"942","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(01)02853-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48874675"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(01)02853-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11704114"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q48874675"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/executive-summary-stages-of-reproductive-aging-workshop-straw-recft4xabqybxdvbq/","name":"Executive summary: Stages of Reproductive Aging Workshop (STRAW)","headline":"Executive summary: Stages of Reproductive Aging Workshop (STRAW)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/executive-summary-stages-of-reproductive-aging-workshop-straw-recft4xabqybxdvbq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Estella C. Parrott","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert W. Rebar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8818-4163","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"American Society for Reproductive Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008x12972"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nanette Santoro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9096-7490","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wulf H. Utian","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"North American Menopause Society","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ypd6q38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nancy Fúgate Woods","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8396-3467","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"North American Menopause Society","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ypd6q38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Sherman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6098-6551","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M R Soules","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Woods","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0366-7977"}],"datePublished":"2001-11-13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"76","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"874","pageEnd":"878","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(01)02909-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77156760"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(01)02909-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11704104"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q77156760"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/validation-study-of-nonsurgical-diagnosis-of-endometriosis-recrztifn6kg0vxzz/","name":"Validation study of nonsurgical diagnosis of endometriosis","headline":"Validation study of nonsurgical diagnosis of endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/validation-study-of-nonsurgical-diagnosis-of-endometriosis-recrztifn6kg0vxzz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"B Eskenazi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7609-6852","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Berkeley","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an7q238"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Samuels"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paolo Vercellini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4195-0996","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016zn0y21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Bonsignore"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D L Olive","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4392-6909","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00xcryt71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Warner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4472-8429","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Berkeley","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an7q238"}}],"datePublished":"2001-11-13","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the surgical diagnosis of endometriosis can be predicted using symptoms, signs, and ultrasound findings.\n\nDESIGN: Prospective study (study sample); retrospective record review (test sample).\n\nSETTING: Hospital of Desio (study sample) and Mangiagalli Hospital (test sample), Italy.\n\nPATIENT(S): Ninety women scheduled to undergo laparoscopy or laparotomy (study sample); 120 women who underwent laparoscopy (test sample).\n\nINTERVENTION: The study sample group was interviewed before surgery about infertility and dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, and noncyclic pelvic pain and each member had a pelvic examination and a transvaginal ultrasound. At surgery, endometriosis was noted. For the test sample, the same information was abstracted from medical records after laparoscopy.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The ability of symptoms, signs, and ultrasound to predict endometriosis at surgery. A classification tree was developed with the study sample and evaluated with the test sample.\n\nRESULT(S): Ovarian endometriosis, but not nonovarian endometriosis, could be reliably predicted with noninvasive tools. Ultrasound and examination best predicted ovarian endometriosis, correctly classifying 100% of cases with no false positive diagnoses in the study sample. Similar results were found in the test sample.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Noninvasive tools may be used to identify women with ovarian, but not nonovarian endometriosis, with excellent agreement with surgical diagnosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"76","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"929","pageEnd":"935","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(01)02736-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34434954"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(01)02736-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11704113"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34434954"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-metformin-on-mouse-embryo-development-recfgsb4k5izdm1vy/","name":"Effect of metformin on mouse embryo development","headline":"Effect of metformin on mouse embryo development","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-metformin-on-mouse-embryo-development-recfgsb4k5izdm1vy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mohamed A Bedaiwy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3454-8555","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K F Miller"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J M Goldberg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9141-2777","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cleveland Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xjacd83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Falcone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6857-1780","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cleveland Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xjacd83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David R. Nelson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3240-0725","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cleveland Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xjacd83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Nelson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0178-7170"}],"datePublished":"2001-11-13","abstract":"Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common disorder affecting women of reproductive age. Its cardinal features are hyperandrogenism, chronic anovulation, and infertility. Some of the most important pathogenic associations of PCOS are insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinemia (1, 2, 3). The hyperinsulinemia in turn stimulates ovarian androgen production. Several clinical studies have demonstrated that a reduction in the insulin level results in decreased ovarian androgen production (4, 5, 6).\nMetformin is a biguanide used extensively in type 2 diabetes. It inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis and increases peripheral insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake but does not cause hypoglycemia (6, 7, 8). The correction of the hyperinsulinemia by metformin in PCOS patients is accompanied by normalization of the elevated serum LH and ovarian androgen levels, leading to resumption of spontaneous ovulatory cycles, or responsiveness to ovulation induction by clomiphene citrate (CC) (1, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9). Clinical use of this agent for ovulation induction in CC-resistant PCOS patients has increased with little knowledge of the possible effect on early embryo development. We sought to assess whether metformin was embryotoxic using a mouse embryo model.\nDuring controlled clinical trials, plasma metformin levels do not exceed 5 μg/mL, even at maximum doses (10). Metformin hydrochloride (N, N-dimethylimidodicarbonimidic diamide hydrochloride; Sigma, St. Louis, MO) was dissolved in human tubal fluid (HTF) media (Irvine Scientific, Santa Ana, CA) to give working concentrations of 5, 25, and 100 μg. The culture dishes containing 1 mL of media at each concentration were incubated for overnight equilibration at 37°C and 5% CO2.\nThawed two-cell mouse embryos (Embryotech, Wilmington, MA) were pooled and randomly distributed into the culture dishes containing the various concentrations of metformin. The control consisted of HTF media alone (group 1). Groups 2, 3, and 4 were supplemented with metformin (5, 25, and 100 μg/mL). There were 40 embryos in each group. The embryos were incubated in an atmosphere of 5% CO2 at 37°C for 72 hours. The blastocyst development rate (BDR) was then calculated by dividing the number of embryos reaching the blastocyst stage by the total number of embryos cultured.\nThe relationship between BDR and concentration was assessed with repeated measures logistic regression using generalized estimated equation (GEE) methodology with a compound symmetry correlation structure. The sample size was sufficient to detect whether a specific concentration reduced the odds of development by a factor of 2.5. Statistical significance was assessed using two-tailed P<.05. Statistical computations were performed with SAS version 8.1 (SAS Institute Inc, Cary, NC). . .","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"76","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1078","pageEnd":"1079","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(01)02825-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43796297"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(01)02825-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11704144"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43796297"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptive-use-and-bone-mineral-density-in-premenopausal-women-cross-sec-recgdqk64nrsaxlxv/","name":"Oral contraceptive use and bone mineral density in premenopausal women:  cross-sectional, population-based data from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis  Study","headline":"Oral contraceptive use and bone mineral density in premenopausal women:  cross-sectional, population-based data from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis  Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptive-use-and-bone-mineral-density-in-premenopausal-women-cross-sec-recgdqk64nrsaxlxv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kirkland SA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Blondeau","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4641-0673"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudie Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5499-2661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Hanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stuart A Jackson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8856-2248","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alberta","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nancy Kreiger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lawrence Joseph","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3321-0587","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Timothy M Murray","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7060-980X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alan Tenenhouse","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y M Vigna","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8840-192X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2001-11-09","abstract":"Background: Positive and negative effects on bone mineral density (BMD) have been described as a result of the premenopausal use of oral contraceptives (OCs); increased fracture rates have also been reported. This study assessed the relation between OC use and BMD in a population-based, 9-centre, national sample of women aged 25-45 years.\n\nMethods: Premenopausal women who had been enrolled in the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study were classified as having ever been OC users (> or = 3 months) or as having never been OC users (0 to < 3 months). Data were obtained through extensive questionnaires and measuring of participants' weight, height and the BMD of lumbar vertebrae and the proximal femur.\n\nResults: Of the sample of 524 women, whose mean age was 36.3 (standard deviation [SD] 5.9) years, 454 had used OCs; their mean age when they started using OCs was 19.8 (SD 3.5) years and the mean duration of use was 6.8 (SD 4.8) years. Women who had ever and those who had never used OCs showed no differences in age, age at menarche, parity, current calcium intake, exercise, body mass index (BMI), education, past irregular cycles or amenorrhea. OC users reported more alcohol and cigarette use and more use of medications to create regular cycles. Mean BMD values (adjusted for age, BMI and height) were 0.02-0.04 g/cm2 (that is, 2.3%-3.7%) lower in OC users, and were significantly lower in the spine and trochanter. The BMD of the spine in OC users was 1.03 (SD 0.12) g/cm2 versus 1.07 (SD 0.12) g/cm2 (95% confidence interval [CI] of difference -0.07 to -0.001) in those who had never used OCs. BMD was neither related to the duration of OC use nor to gynecological age at first use. Current and past users had similar BMD values.\n\nInterpretation: National, population-based data show lower BMD values for the trochanter and spine in premenopausal women who have used OCs compared with those who have never used OCs.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"165","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association Journal = Journal De l'Association Medicale  Canadienne"}}},"pageStart":"1023","pageEnd":"1029","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/management-of-the-extremely-preterm-infant-is-the-replacement-of-estradiol-and-p-recj6dxyxwncgohkq/","name":"Management of the extremely preterm infant: is the replacement of estradiol and progesterone beneficial?","headline":"Management of the extremely preterm infant: is the replacement of estradiol and progesterone beneficial?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/management-of-the-extremely-preterm-infant-is-the-replacement-of-estradiol-and-p-recj6dxyxwncgohkq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"L Maier","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3775-2225","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universität Ulm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/032000t02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Pohlandt","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universität Ulm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/032000t02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Trotter","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital Ulm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05emabm63"}}],"datePublished":"2001-11-02","abstract":"This review presents data to suggest that postnatal estradiol and progesterone replacement therapy may be beneficial in preterm infants. During pregnancy, maternal plasma levels of estradiol and progesterone increase up to 100-fold compared to the nonpregnant status. The fetus is also exposed to these increasing hormone levels. After delivery, estradiol and progesterone levels drop by a factor of 100 within 1 day. Whereas this is a physiological condition for an infant born at term, preterm delivery means withdrawal from the placental supply of these hormones at an earlier developmental stage. Seventy years ago, the idea was raised that preterm infants may benefit from the replacement of estrogens. Studies in which estrogen was injected subcutaneously showed only a slightly better bodyweight gain compared to placebo-treated controls and therefore routine use was not established. The effective treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis with hormone replacement therapy led to a pilot study of estradiol and progesterone therapy to prevent osteopenia of prematurity. The highest median bone mineral accretion rate was found in the replacement group when the supplementation with calcium and phosphorus was also sufficient. None of the previous studies dealing with estrogen replacement controlled for achieved plasma levels of estradiol in the infants. In our controlled randomised pilot study with 30 preterm infants (15 in each group), we aimed to maintain intra-uterine plasma levels of estradiol and progesterone. Preterm infants with replacement of estradiol and progesterone for 6 weeks postnatally showed trends to higher bone mineral accumulation. In addition, a trend towards a lower incidence of chronic lung disease was found. Neurodevelopmental follow-up showed normal psychomotor development in infants given estradiol and progesterone, whereas the untreated infants (controls) showed a trend towards delayed development. Recent research emphasises that estradiol and progesterone may be important for brain development. Thus, while there is data indicating that postnatal estradiol and progesterone replacement therapy may be beneficial in preterm infants, experience with this new therapy is limited and extensive research is needed to address the potential benefits and to rule out adverse effects.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Paediatric Drugs"}}},"pageStart":"629","pageEnd":"637","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.2165/00128072-200103090-00001","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34425802"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2165/00128072-200103090-00001"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11688594"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34425802"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-influence-of-osteoporotic-fractures-on-health-related-quality-of-life-in-com-recev5fuuprenyfcf/","name":"The influence of osteoporotic fractures on health-related quality of life in community-dwelling men and women across Canada","headline":"The influence of osteoporotic fractures on health-related quality of life in community-dwelling men and women across Canada","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-influence-of-osteoporotic-fractures-on-health-related-quality-of-life-in-com-recev5fuuprenyfcf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan D Adachi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-2767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Ioannidis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6956-5737","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"George Loannidis"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudie Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5499-2661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexandra Papaioannou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9412-0932","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W M Hopman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3162-8754","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kingston General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03zq81960"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Poliquin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Coordinating Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fzvsb30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tassos Anastassiades","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5805-0364","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Timothy M Murray","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7060-980X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alan Tenenhouse","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos) Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Hanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1406-4251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stuart A Jackson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8856-2248","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alberta","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Pickard","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Joseph's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02cmyty27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lawrence Joseph","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3321-0587","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emmanuel A Papadimitropoulos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3688-523X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eli Lilly (Canada)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p8kt313"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W P Olszynski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2834-8645","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Saskatchewan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63"}}],"datePublished":"2001-11-01","abstract":"Health-related quality of life (HRQL) was examined in relation to prevalent fractures in 4816 community-dwelling Canadian men and women 50 years and older participating in the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos). Fractures were of three categories: clinically recognized main fractures, subclinical vertebral fractures and fractures at other sites. Main fractures were divided and analyzed at the hip, spine, wrist/forearm, pelvis and rib sites. Baseline assessments of anthropometric data, medical history, therapeutic drug use, spinal radiographs and prevalent fractures were obtained from all participants. The SF-36 instrument was used as a tool to measure HRQL. A total of 652 (13.5%) main fractures were reported. Results indicated that hip, spine, wrist/forearm, pelvis and rib fractures had occurred in 78 (1.6%), 40 (0.8%), 390 (8.1%), 19 (0.4%) and 125 (2.6%) individuals, respectively (subjects may have had more than one main fracture). Subjects who had experienced a main prevalent fracture had lower HRQL scores compared with non-fractured participants. The largest differences were observed in the physical functioning (-4.0; 95% confidence intervals (CI): -6.0, -2.0) and role-physical functioning domains (-5.8; 95% CI: -9.5, -2.2). In women, the physical functioning domain was most influenced by hip (-14.9%; 95% CI: -20.9, -9.0) and pelvis (-18.1; 95% CI: -27.6, -8.6) fractures. In men, the role-physical domain was most affected by hip fractures (-35.7; 95% CI: -60.4, -11.1). Subjects who experienced subclinical vertebral fractures had lower HRQL scores than those without prevalent fractures. In conclusion, HRQL was lower in the physical functioning domain in women and the role-physical domain in men who sustained main fractures at the hip. Subclinical vertebral fractures exerted a moderate effect on HRQL.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Osteoporos Int"}}},"pageStart":"903","pageEnd":"908","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s001980170017","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57777500"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s001980170017"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11804016"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q57777500"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chronobiological-basis-of-female-specific-mood-disorders-rec5ydscetssm1ygy/","name":"Chronobiological basis of female-specific mood disorders","headline":"Chronobiological basis of female-specific mood disorders","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chronobiological-basis-of-female-specific-mood-disorders-rec5ydscetssm1ygy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"B Parry"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert Newton","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1160-171X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of York","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04m01e293"}}],"datePublished":"2001-10-30","abstract":"Women have twice the incidence of major depression compared with men. They are prone to develop episodes of depression during times of reproductive hormonal change at puberty, with use of oral contraceptives, during the premenstrual phase of the menstrual cycle, postpartum and during the perimenopause (see review: ). describes the variety of disturbances in biological rhythms observed in mood disorders. In this report, we describe the chronobiological disturbances observed in female-specific mood disorders, namely, premenstrual dysphoric disorder, pregnancy and postpartum depression and menopause. We hypothesize that changing reproductive hormones, by affecting the synchrony or coherence between components of the circadian system, may alter amplitude or phase (timing) relationships and thereby contribute to the development of mood disorders in predisposed individuals.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"25","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5 Suppl","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Neuropsychopharmacology : Official Publication of the American College of  Neuropsychopharmacology"}}},"pageStart":"S102-S108","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/S0893-133X(01)00340-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34420733"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/S0893-133X(01)00340-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11682284"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34420733"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/superovulation-strategies-for-assisted-reproductive-technologies-recgf6etglxakgpkk/","name":"Superovulation strategies for assisted reproductive technologies","headline":"Superovulation strategies for assisted reproductive technologies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/superovulation-strategies-for-assisted-reproductive-technologies-recgf6etglxakgpkk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Owen Davis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9818-5279","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cornell University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zev Rosenwaks","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cornell University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87"}}],"datePublished":"2001-10-27","abstract":"Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) pregnancy rates improve with the replacement of multiple embryos. The specific number of embryos to be transferred (typically between two and four) is based on a patient's age and past history and a morphologic assessment of embryo quality. Superovulation, with the goal of multifollicular recruitment and the harvest of multiple preovulatory oocytes, is therefore an integral aspect of in vitro fertilization and related techniques. Given the considerable interindividual variability in response to superovulation, the selection of an appropriate ovarian stimulation protocol is critical both for the safety and success of ART. Specific superovulation strategies have therefore been developed for treatment of abnormal response patients as well as for patients expected to manifest a \"normal\" response to ovulation inducing agents.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Seminars in Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"207","pageEnd":"212","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2001-18039","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34419437"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1055/s-2001-18039"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11679901"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34419437"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/avoidance-of-multiple-pregnancies-after-ovulation-induction-by-supernumerary-pre-rec0jp4gvuiblil03/","name":"Avoidance of multiple pregnancies after ovulation induction by supernumerary preovulatory follicular reduction","headline":"Avoidance of multiple pregnancies after ovulation induction by supernumerary preovulatory follicular reduction","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/avoidance-of-multiple-pregnancies-after-ovulation-induction-by-supernumerary-pre-rec0jp4gvuiblil03/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Carola Albano"},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Platteau","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0353-285X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Smitz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5857-6542"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Cortvrindt"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paul Devroey","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","sameAs":"https://ror.org/006e5kg04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Nogueira"}],"datePublished":"2001-10-10","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of supernumerary preovulatory follicular reduction as an approach to avoid multiple pregnancies in ovulation induction or superovulation cycles.\n\nDESIGN: Retrospective study.\n\nSETTING: Tertiary referral center.\n\nPATIENT(S): In 26 cycles, 24 patients underwent ovulation induction or superovulation with either clomiphene citrate or hMG.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Selective follicle aspiration was performed before hCG administration.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Clinical pregnancy rate and numbers of multiple pregnancies.\n\nRESULT(S): A mean number of 4.5 follicles with a diameter > or =15 mm and a mean number of 4.5 follicles with a diameter < or =14 mm were observed before hCG administration. A mean number of 2.3 follicles with a diameter > or =15 mm and a mean number of 1.8 follicles with a diameter < or =14 mm were aspirated before the hCG administration. Seven singleton pregnancies (26.9% per cycle) ensued from the treatment.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Aspiration of supernumerary follicles after ovulation induction or superovulation seems to be a valid approach to avoid multiple pregnancies without affecting pregnancy rate.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"76","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"820","pageEnd":"822","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(01)02379-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34094157"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(01)02379-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11591420"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34094157"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-of-progesterone-and-progestogens-in-management-of-premenstrual-syndrome-recjvjfdz3w4sla2g/","name":"Efficacy of progesterone and progestogens in management of premenstrual syndrome: systematic review","headline":"Efficacy of progesterone and progestogens in management of premenstrual syndrome: systematic review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-of-progesterone-and-progestogens-in-management-of-premenstrual-syndrome-recjvjfdz3w4sla2g/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"K Wyatt","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7099-159X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Stoke University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dx1mr58"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paul W. Dimmock","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Stoke University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dx1mr58"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peter W. Jones","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0229-3527","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Keele University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00340yn33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S. O’Brien","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Stoke University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dx1mr58"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Phil Jones","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9432-3729"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Obhrai","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Stoke University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dx1mr58"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S O'Brien","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5955-1966","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pennsylvania"}}],"datePublished":"2001-10-06","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of progesterone and progestogens in the management of premenstrual syndrome.\n\nDESIGN: Systematic review of published randomised, placebo controlled trials.\n\nSTUDIES REVIEWED: 10 trials of progesterone therapy (531 women) and four trials of progestogen therapy (378 women).\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Proportion of women whose symptoms showed improvement with progesterone preparations (suppositories and oral micronised). Proportion of women whose symptoms showed improvement with progestogens. Secondary analysis of efficacy of progesterone and progestogens in managing physical and behavioural symptoms.\n\nRESULTS: Overall standardised mean difference for all trials that assessed efficacy of progesterone (by both routes of administration) was -0.028 (95% confidence interval -0.017 to -0.040). The odds ratio was 1.05 (1.03 to 1.08) in favour of progesterone, indicating no clinically important difference between progesterone and placebo. For progestogens the overall standardised mean was -0.036 (-0.014 to -0.060), which corresponds to an odds ratio of 1.07 (1.03 to 1.11) showing a statistically, but not clinically, significant improvement for women taking progestogens.\n\nCONCLUSION: The evidence from these meta-analyses does not support the use of progesterone or progestogens in the management of premenstrual syndrome.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"323","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7316","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.)"}}},"pageStart":"776","pageEnd":"780","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.323.7316.776","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28361007"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj.323.7316.776"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11588078"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28361007"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/obstetric-uses-of-intravenous-immunoglobulin-successes-failures-and-promises-recgn7drljvt87ulc/","name":"Obstetric uses of intravenous immunoglobulin: successes, failures, and promises","headline":"Obstetric uses of intravenous immunoglobulin: successes, failures, and promises","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/obstetric-uses-of-intravenous-immunoglobulin-successes-failures-and-promises-recgn7drljvt87ulc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"D W Branch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1718-5094","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Detroit R&D (United States)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04z3gk160"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T F Porter","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M J Paidas","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5561-7196","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NYU Langone Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/005dvqh91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael A Belfort","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1179-7647","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Gonik","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6464-7079","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Detroit R&D (United States)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04z3gk160"}}],"datePublished":"2001-10-05","abstract":"Intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) is approved for use in a number of conditions that may occur in obstetrical patients, including autoimmune thrombocytopenia and immune deficiency syndromes. IVIG also is widely used in obstetrics for nonapproved indications, such as fetal-neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia, antiphospholipid syndrome, and recurrent miscarriage. This review critically analyzes the use of IVIG for these indications based on the best available information. The authors conclude IVIG is effective in the management of fetal-neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia. IVIG appears promising as a treatment for severe fetal-neonatal alloimmune hemolysis due to antierythrocyte antibodies. A prospective multicenter trial should be undertaken. IVIG is no more effective than heparin and low-dose aspirin in the treatment of pregnancies complicated by antiphospholipid syndrome but has not been adequately evaluated in refractory cases. Finally, pending convincing studies, IVIG is not effective and should not be used for the management of recurrent miscarriage.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"108","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4 Suppl","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology"}}},"pageStart":"S133-S138","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1067/mai.2001.117821","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33339166"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1067/mai.2001.117821"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11586281"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33339166"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/results-of-a-10-week-community-based-strength-and-balance-training-programme-to--recfz2h8lxbh3z1ly/","name":"Results of a 10 week community based strength and balance training programme to reduce fall risk factors: a randomised controlled trial in 65-75 year old women with osteoporosis","headline":"Results of a 10 week community based strength and balance training programme to reduce fall risk factors: a randomised controlled trial in 65-75 year old women with osteoporosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/results-of-a-10-week-community-based-strength-and-balance-training-programme-to--recfz2h8lxbh3z1ly/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"K M Khan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6748-0668","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ari Heinonen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3681-9953","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"B.C. Women's Hospital & Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c4nx247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Waterman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"B.C. Women's Hospital & Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c4nx247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patricia A. Janssen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4178-1195","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Health Research Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0455vfz21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arthur I. Mallinson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4499-3476","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"B.C. Women's Hospital & Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c4nx247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lenore Riddell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"B.C. Women's Hospital & Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c4nx247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen Kruse","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"B.C. Women's Hospital & Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c4nx247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leon Flicker","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-0475","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Heather McKay","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5158-8006","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"B.C. Women's Hospital & Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c4nx247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H A McKay","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2465-9822","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Departments of Human Kinetics, Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, and Human Nutrition, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M G Donaldson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6555-0025","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"B.C. Women's Hospital & Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c4nx247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N D Carter","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1565-7602","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"B.C. Women's Hospital & Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c4nx247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M A Petit","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8390-0773","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"2001-10-01","abstract":"Objective: To test the efficacy of a community based 10 week exercise intervention to reduce fall risk factors in women with osteoporosis.\n\nMethods: Static balance was measured by computerised dynamic posturography (Equitest), dynamic balance by timed figure of eight run, and knee extension strength by dynamometry. Subjects were randomised to exercise intervention (twice weekly Osteofit classes for 10 weeks) or control groups.\n\nResults: The outcome in 79 participants (39 exercise, 40 control) who were available for measurement 10 weeks after baseline measurement is reported. After confounding factors had been controlled for, the exercise group did not make significant gains compared with their control counterparts, although there were consistent trends toward greater improvement in all three primary outcome measures. Relative to the change in control subjects, the exercise group improved by 2.3% in static balance, 1.9% in dynamic balance, and 13.9% in knee extension strength.\n\nConclusions: A 10 week community based physical activity intervention did not significantly reduce fall risk factors in women with osteoporosis. However, trends toward improvement in key independent risk factors for falling suggest that a study with greater power may show that these variables can be improved to a level that reaches statistical significance.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"35","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Br J Sports Med"}}},"pageStart":"348","pageEnd":"351","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.35.5.348","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35323905"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bjsm.35.5.348"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11579072"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35323905"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/serum-progesterone-levels-correlate-with-decreased-cerebral-edema-after-traumati-recteeaerwfgatwfm/","name":"Serum progesterone levels correlate with decreased cerebral edema after traumatic brain injury in male rats","headline":"Serum progesterone levels correlate with decreased cerebral edema after traumatic brain injury in male rats","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/serum-progesterone-levels-correlate-with-decreased-cerebral-edema-after-traumati-recteeaerwfgatwfm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"David W. Wright","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7145-9105","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Emory University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M E Bauer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Emory University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S W Hoffman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Emory University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D G Stein","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Emory University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Wright","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3136-8276","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Exeter","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yghzc09"}}],"datePublished":"2001-09-22","abstract":"Previous animal research suggests that progesterone may have powerful neuroprotective effects in traumatic brain injury (TBI). This experiment tested the hypothesis that progesterone levels correlate with decreased cerebral edema in male rats with bilateral medial frontal cortex injuries. Three groups of male Sprague-Dawley rats were used: injured given progesterone (4 mg/kg), injured given vehicle (oil), and uninjured controls given vehicle. Progesterone or vehicle was administered intraperitoneally at 1, 6, and 24 h postinjury. At 48 h postinjury, the rats were killed, brains extracted, and assayed for edema. Percent difference in water content of the area surrounding the lesion was compared to posterior cortex. A strong inverse relationship was found between serum progesterone levels and percent cerebral edema; the higher the progesterone levels, the lower the percent edema. Both progesterone and oil-treated animals had some edema compared to sham-operated controls. The brains of the injured animals given control solution were higher in water content than either the uninjured group or injured progesterone-treated rats 48 h postinjury. These findings confirm that progesterone significantly decreases cerebral edema after TBI in adult male subjects.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Neurotrauma"}}},"pageStart":"901","pageEnd":"909","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1089/089771501750451820","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43743677"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1089/089771501750451820"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11565602"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43743677"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mid-trimester-endovaginal-sonography-in-women-at-high-risk-for-spontaneous-prete-rec1vceqxnnmu8wgm/","name":"Mid-trimester endovaginal sonography in women at high risk for spontaneous preterm birth","headline":"Mid-trimester endovaginal sonography in women at high risk for spontaneous preterm birth","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mid-trimester-endovaginal-sonography-in-women-at-high-risk-for-spontaneous-prete-rec1vceqxnnmu8wgm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J Owen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0451-8777","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008s83205"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gary A Dildy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1586-4357","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dildy GA 3rd"},{"@type":"Person","name":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units Network"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vincenzo Berghella","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2854-0239","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Thomas Jefferson University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ysqcn41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"O Langer"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D McNellis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Menachem Miodovnik","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Swain","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2404-8186","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04v8djg66"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Thom","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1395-3527","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"George Washington University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00y4zzh67"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Yost"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Baha M. Sibai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9982-7873","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tennessee at Knoxville","sameAs":"https://ror.org/020f3ap87"}}],"datePublished":"2001-09-19","abstract":"CONTEXT: Although shortened cervical length has been consistently associated with spontaneous preterm birth, it is not known when in gestation this risk factor becomes apparent.\n\nOBJECTIVE: To determine whether sonographic cervical findings between 16 weeks' and 18 weeks 6 days' gestation predict spontaneous preterm birth and whether serial evaluations up to 23 weeks 6 days' gestation improve prediction in high-risk women.\n\nDESIGN, SETTING, AND\n\nPARTICIPANTS: Blinded observational study performed between March 1997 and November 1999 at 9 university-affiliated medical centers in the United States in 183 women with singleton gestations who previously had experienced a spontaneous birth before 32 weeks' gestation.\n\nOBSERVATION: Certified sonologists performed 590 endovaginal sonographic examinations at 2-week intervals. Cervical length was measured from the external os to the functional internal os along a closed endocervical canal. Funneling and dynamic cervical shortening were also recorded.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Spontaneous preterm birth before 35 weeks' gestation, analyzed by selected cutoff values of cervical length.\n\nRESULTS: Forty-eight women (26%) experienced spontaneous preterm birth before 35 weeks' gestation. A cervical length of less than 25 mm at the initial sonographic examination was associated with a relative risk (RR) for spontaneous preterm birth of 3.3 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.1-5.0; sensitivity = 19%; specificity = 98%; positive predictive value = 75%). After controlling for cervical length, neither funneling (P =.24) nor dynamic shortening (P =.054) were significant independent predictors of spontaneous preterm birth. However, using the shortest ever observed cervical length on serial evaluations, after any dynamic shortening, the RR of a cervical length of less than 25 mm for spontaneous preterm birth increased to 4.5 (95% CI, 2.7-7.6; sensitivity = 69%; specificity = 80%; positive predictive value = 55%). Compared with a single cervical measurement at 16 weeks' to 18 weeks 6 days' gestation, serial measurements at up to 23 weeks 6 days significantly improved the prediction of spontaneous preterm birth in a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis (P =.03).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Cervical length assessed by endovaginal sonography between 16 weeks' and 18 weeks 6 days' gestation, augmented by serial evaluations, predicts spontaneous preterm birth before 35 weeks' gestation in high-risk women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"286","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA"}}},"pageStart":"1340","pageEnd":"1348","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.286.11.1340","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54349647"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jama.286.11.1340"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11560539"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q54349647"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/treating-mental-illness-in-lactating-women-recn0akasksp4ulpo/","name":"Treating mental illness in lactating women","headline":"Treating mental illness in lactating women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/treating-mental-illness-in-lactating-women-recn0akasksp4ulpo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Buist A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1951-4960","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oregon Health and Science University"}}],"datePublished":"2001-09-08","abstract":"A high prevalence of psychiatric illness has been noted in the postpartum period. Recent research looks to the potential effects of maternal illness during this period on child development. With the promotion of breast feeding for well-documented medical benefits, there has been increasing attention to the potential effects on the infant of exposure to medication via breast milk. This article reviews the current literature on the secretion of psychotropic medication into breast milk, and any known negative effects. The shortcomings of these studies are highlighted, and recommendations to the clinician are given within the limitations of the current state of knowledge. The World Health Organization (WHO) has estimated that depression will be 1 of the 2 major illness burdens confronting the world by 2020. The incidence of depression is 2-fold higher in women than in men, and the average age at onset is 25 years. These facts combined with the noted risk of a marked increase in psychiatric illness postpartum have serious implications. Depression occurring at this time can present with depressed mood, anxiety, and difficulties coping with the infant. Suicide, although not more common in depression, is at the severe end of the spectrum in those with puerperal psychosis and bipolar disorder. The morbidity associated with depression is not confined to women suffering from it; there are also potential negative effects of maternal depression on child development, on older children, and on the woman's partner. These effects include impaired bonding and cognitive and behavioral delays in the infant and difficulties in childhood. Moreover, the increased use of antidepressants in the Western world in combination with the strong promotion of breast feeding also has implications for the dependent infant. What do we know? And, what are the risks?","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Medscape Women's Health"}}},"pageStart":"3","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metformin-directly-inhibits-androgen-production-in-human-thecal-cells-recjefbj5be0agp3j/","name":"Metformin directly inhibits androgen production in human thecal cells","headline":"Metformin directly inhibits androgen production in human thecal cells","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metformin-directly-inhibits-androgen-production-in-human-thecal-cells-recjefbj5be0agp3j/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"W E Rainey","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5557-8406","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05byvp690"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G R Attia","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75235-9032, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B R Carr","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05byvp690"}}],"datePublished":"2001-09-05","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To examine the direct effect of metformin on thecal cell androgen production.\n\nSETTING: Basic science research laboratory, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Human ovarian theca-like tumor cells were treated with various concentrations of metformin in the presence and absence of forskolin for 48 hours.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Media were collected, and radioimmunoassay (RIA) for progesterone, 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone (17OHP), androstenedione, and testosterone was performed. The effect of metformin on the expression of various enzymes involved in theca cell steroidogenesis was examined.\n\nRESULT(S): Metformin (50 microM and 200 microM) significantly inhibited androstenedione production from both forskolin-stimulated and unstimulated theca cells. Testosterone production was also significantly inhibited in forskolin-treated cells in the presence of 200 microM of metformin-treated compared with forskolin-only-treated cells. Western blot analysis revealed that metformin significantly inhibited the expression of steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) protein and 17 alpha-hydroxylase (CYP17) expression in cells stimulated with forskolin compared with forskolin treatment alone. There was no significant change in either 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3 beta HSD) or cholesterol side-chain cleavage (CYP11A1) protein expression. Northern analysis revealed a significant decrease in the expression of CYP17 mRNA in forskolin-stimulated cells treated with metformin (200 microM) compared with forskolin-only-treated cells, however, there was no significant change in steroidogenic acute regulatory protein mRNA expression.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Our results suggest that metformin may have a direct effect on thecal cells' androgen production.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"76","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"517","pageEnd":"524","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(01)01975-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43726054"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(01)01975-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11532475"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43726054"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diastolic-dysfunction-and-increased-serum-homocysteine-concentrations-may-contri-rec5qmmsqwnojtmo5/","name":"Diastolic dysfunction and increased serum homocysteine concentrations may contribute to increased cardiovascular risk in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"Diastolic dysfunction and increased serum homocysteine concentrations may contribute to increased cardiovascular risk in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diastolic-dysfunction-and-increased-serum-homocysteine-concentrations-may-contri-rec5qmmsqwnojtmo5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"H Yarali","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3170-0566","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. yarali@ada.net.tr","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01wntqw50"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Yildirir","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8750-5287"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Giray Kabakçı","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3275-7003","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hacettepe University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04kwvgz42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Orhan Bükülmez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4251-7604","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ankara University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01wntqw50"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ebru Akgül","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0020-3759","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hacettepe University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04kwvgz42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Oto","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0501-882X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hacettepe University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04kwvgz42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Aybar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8522-2769","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ankara University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01wntqw50"}}],"datePublished":"2001-09-05","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To assess cardiac flow parameters in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).\n\nDESIGN: A prospective case-control study.\n\nSETTING: University-based hospital.\n\nPATIENT(S): Thirty consecutive patients with PCOS were enrolled. Thirty women with regular menstrual cycles served as the controls.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Systolic and diastolic function parameters were assessed by standard two-dimensional and M-mode echocardiography. Insulin sensitivity was evaluated by a standard 75-g oral glucose tolerance test and area-under-curve insulin analysis. Serum hormones, lipid profile, homocysteine, vitamin B(12), folate, fibrinogen, uric acid, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-I concentrations were measured.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Systolic and diastolic function parameters, insulin sensitivity and serum homocysteine levels.\n\nRESULT(S): The mean serum homocysteine and uric acid concentrations were significantly higher in the PCOS group. Patients with PCOS had significant hyperinsulinemia. All systolic function parameters were comparable between the two groups. However, patients with PCOS had significantly lower peak mitral flow velocity in early diastole and significantly lower ratio between the early and late peak mitral flow velocities and also had significantly longer isovolumic relaxation time, reflecting a trend for nonrestrictive-type diastolic dysfunction. The area-under-curve insulin correlated positively with peak mitral flow velocity in late diastole (r = 0.375). The mean cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein ratio correlated negatively with mean mitral flow velocity in early diastole (E) peak (r = -0.474). The mean fasting insulin level correlated negatively with mean E/A ratio (r = -0.387).\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Diastolic dysfunction and increased serum homocysteine concentrations may contribute to increased cardiovascular disease risk in patients with PCOS.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"76","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"511","pageEnd":"516","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(01)01937-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43726052"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(01)01937-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11532474"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43726052"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preterm-delivery-a-public-health-perspective-rec4ej9wexitlscd3/","name":"Preterm delivery: a public health perspective","headline":"Preterm delivery: a public health perspective","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preterm-delivery-a-public-health-perspective-rec4ej9wexitlscd3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Donald R. Mattison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5623-0874","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Ottawa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03c4mmv16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Alter","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"March of Dimes","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04bd5p711"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Damus","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05cf8a891"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Fiore","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8450-362X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"March of Dimes","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04bd5p711"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Petrini","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"March of Dimes","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04bd5p711"}}],"datePublished":"2001-08-25","abstract":"And his daughter‐in‐law, the wife of Phinehas, was pregnant near to giving birth, and got to hear the report that the ark of the true God was captured and that her father‐in‐law and her husband had died. At that she bowed herself and began giving birth, because her pangs came unexpectedly upon her.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15 Suppl 2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"s2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology"}}},"pageStart":"7","pageEnd":"16","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3016.2001.00004.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74419577"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1046/j.1365-3016.2001.00004.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11520396"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q74419577"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-randomized-trial-of-nurse-specialist-home-care-for-women-with-high-risk-pregna-recuisjxhipqhxtar/","name":"A randomized trial of nurse specialist home care for women with high-risk pregnancies: outcomes and costs","headline":"A randomized trial of nurse specialist home care for women with high-risk pregnancies: outcomes and costs","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-randomized-trial-of-nurse-specialist-home-care-for-women-with-high-risk-pregna-recuisjxhipqhxtar/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Brooten D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Youngblut JM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Finkler SA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Neff DF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Madigan E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brown L","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9732-6140"}],"datePublished":"2001-08-25","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To examine prenatal, maternal, and infant outcomes and costs through 1 year after delivery using a model of prenatal care for women at high risk of delivering low-birth-weight infants in which half of the prenatal care was provided in women's homes by nurse specialists with master's degrees.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: Randomized clinical trial.\n\nPATIENTS AND\n\nMETHODS: A sample of 173 women (and 194 infants) with high-risk pregnancies (gestational or pregestational diabetes mellitus, chronic hypertension, preterm labor, or high risk of preterm labor) were randomly assigned to the intervention group (85 women and 94 infants) or the control group (88 women and 100 infants). Control women received usual prenatal care. Intervention women received half of their prenatal care in their homes, with teaching, counseling, telephone outreach, daily telephone availability, and a postpartum home visit by nurse specialists with physician backup.\n\nRESULTS: For the full sample, mean maternal age was 27 years; 85.5% of women were single mothers, 36.4% had less than a high school education, 93.6% were African American, and 93.6% had public health insurance, with no differences between groups on these variables. The intervention group had lower fetal/infant mortality vs the control group (2 vs 9), 11 fewer preterm infants, more twin pregnancies carried to term (77.7% vs 33.3%), fewer prenatal hospitalizations (41 vs 49), fewer infant rehospitalizations (18 vs 24), and a savings of more than 750 total hospital days and $2,496,145 [corrected].\n\nCONCLUSION: This model of care provides a reasoned solution to improving pregnancy and infant outcomes while reducing healthcare costs.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The American Journal of Managed Care"}}},"pageStart":"793","pageEnd":"803","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chronological-aspects-of-ultrasonic-hormonal-and-other-indirect-indices-of-ovula-rec4jemxvbusqtfav/","name":"Chronological aspects of ultrasonic, hormonal, and other indirect indices of ovulation","headline":"Chronological aspects of ultrasonic, hormonal, and other indirect indices of ovulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chronological-aspects-of-ultrasonic-hormonal-and-other-indirect-indices-of-ovula-rec4jemxvbusqtfav/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"René Ecochard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1695-789X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospices Civils de Lyon","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01502ca60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Boehringer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3235-305X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Quidel Corporation (United States)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04g8dtp60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Rabilloud","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1620-4572","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospices Civils de Lyon","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01502ca60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Marret","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5412-2551","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospices Civils de Lyon","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01502ca60"}}],"datePublished":"2001-08-21","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To improve prediction of ovulation in normal cycles.\n\nDESIGN: Collection of women's characteristics and their menstrual cycles. Monitoring and analysis of time relationships between several indicators of ovulation: transvaginal ultrasonography, cervical mucus, basal body temperature, urinary luteinising hormone, and ratio of urinary oestrogen to progesterone metabolites.\n\nSETTING: Each of eight natural family planning clinics was to study 12 women for at least three cycles.\n\nPOPULATION: One hundred and seven normally fertile and cycling women aged 18 to 45.\n\nMETHODS: Daily measurements of urinary luteinising hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, oestrone-3-glucuronide and pregnanediol-3alpha-glucuronide. Basal body temperature recording and cervical mucus checking. Transvaginal ultrasound examination of the ovaries.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Delays between the expected day of ovulation according to the luteinising hormone peak or to ultrasound evidence and the expected days according to the other indices of ovulation.\n\nRESULTS: Ultrasonography was able to show evidence of ovulation in 283 out of 326 cycles. The average time lag between luteinising hormone peak and ultrasound evidence was less than one day (+0.46) but premature and late luteinising hormone-expected date of ovulation were observed in nearly 10% and 23% of cycles, respectively. Basal body temperature rise was observed in 98% of cycles. Cervical mucus peak symptom, rapid drop in the ratio of urinary metabolites, and luteinising hormone initial rise were all close to ultrasonographic evidence in more than 72% of cycles.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: For accuracy and practical reasons, the cervical mucus peak symptom, the ratio of urinary metabolites and luteinising hormone initial rise might be better indices of ovulation than the luteinising hormone peak.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"108","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BJOG : an International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"822","pageEnd":"829","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2001.00194.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43711071"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1471-0528.2001.00194.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11510707"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43711071"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/naltrexone-effect-on-pulsatile-gnrh-therapy-for-ovulation-induction-in-polycysti-recwbtckkx6zccxed/","name":"Naltrexone effect on pulsatile GnRH therapy for ovulation induction in polycystic  ovary syndrome: a pilot prospective study","headline":"Naltrexone effect on pulsatile GnRH therapy for ovulation induction in polycystic  ovary syndrome: a pilot prospective study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/naltrexone-effect-on-pulsatile-gnrh-therapy-for-ovulation-induction-in-polycysti-recwbtckkx6zccxed/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Maria Fulghesu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8116-3968","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Apa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0143-9114","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maurizio Guido","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3812-7771","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of L'Aquila","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01j9p1r26"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Caruso","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4922-2256","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Mancuso","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1752-3986","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A. Lanzoneal","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oasi Maria SS","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dqmaq38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chiara Belosi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mario Ciampelli","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonio Lanzone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4119-414X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oasi Maria SS","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dqmaq38"}}],"datePublished":"2001-08-18","abstract":"The aim of the present study was to analyze the opioid influence on LH pulsatility in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients and to evaluate the effectiveness of a long-term opioid antagonist (naltrexone) treatment in improving the pulsatile GnRH therapy which is successful in this syndrome. Ten obese women affected by PCOS participated in the study. Patients were hospitalized during the early follicular phase and underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) with 75 g of glucose and a pulse pattern study followed by a GnRH test (100 pg i.v.). All patients were then treated for ovulation induction with pulsatile administration of GnRH (5 microg/bolus every 90 min). Since pregnancies did not occurr in any patient, after spontaneous or progestin-induced menstrual cycles, all patients received naltrexone at a dose of 50 mg/day orally for 8 weeks and during treatment repeated the basal protocol study and the ovulation induction cycle with the same modalities. The naltrexone treatment significantly reduced the insulin response to OGTT and the LH response to GnRH bolus, whereas it did not affect the FSH and LH pulsatility patterns. Concerning the ovulation induction by pulsatile GnRH, naltrexone treatment was able to improve, although not significantly, the ovulation rate (60% pre-treatment vs 90% post-treatment). Furthermore, the maximum diameter of the dominant follicle and the pre-ovulatory estradiol concentration were higher after long-term opioid blockade (follicular diameter 19.5+/-1.76 mm pre-treatment vs 21.6+/-2.19 mm post-treatment, p<0.001; maximum estradiol level 728.7+/-288.5 pmol/l pre-treatment vs 986.4+/-382.1 pmol/l post-treatment, p<0.05). During the naltrexone-pulsatile GnRH co-treatment two pregnancies occurred. In conclusion, our data show that naltrexone-pulsatile GnRH co-treatment is able to improve the ovarian responsiveness to ovulation induction in obese PCOS patients when compared to pulsatile GnRH alone. This action seems to be related to a decrease of insulin secretion. Further randomized studies should be performed in order to obtain significant conclusions on the possible clinical application.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Endocrinological Investigation"}}},"pageStart":"483","pageEnd":"490","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03343880","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42508741"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/BF03343880"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11508781"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q42508741"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormone-replacement-therapy-of-menopause-heart-and-blood-vessels-recfbmowcj3mbu1of/","name":"[Hormone replacement therapy of menopause, heart and blood vessels]","headline":"[Hormone replacement therapy of menopause, heart and blood vessels]","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormone-replacement-therapy-of-menopause-heart-and-blood-vessels-recfbmowcj3mbu1of/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kuttenn F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gerson M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4916-8456","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Davis"}}],"datePublished":"2001-08-10","abstract":"The incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) is lower in premenopausal women than in men and post-menopausal women of the same age. The higher CHD rate after menopause is currently attributed to estrogen deficiency: many epidemiological (case-control and prospective) studies have reported a reduced risk (0.5-0.63) of CHD in post-menopausal women receiving hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Moreover, estrogens have multiple effects that would be expected to be cardioprotective, including favorable changes in lipids, endothelial function, vascular reactivity and blood flow. However, the observational studies are subject to several biases that could falsely elevate the apparent benefit of estrogens: women taking estrogens tend to be wealthier, more educated and healthier than untreated women. The american HERS (Heart and Estrogen-progestin Replacement Study; 2.763 women) is a large multicenter randomized study of secondary prevention, designed to evaluate the efficacy of HRT. Results are disappointing, since no reduced risk was observed, and the risk of CHD was even higher in women receiving HRT during the first year: 1.52 (CI 95%: 1.01-2.29). In HERS study, the treatments consisted of conjugated equine estrogens and the synthetic progestin medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) which are rarely used in Europe. Indeed, the effects of HRT are not equivalent depending on the dose, the route of administration, the type of progestogen. It should be emphasized that MPA, contrarily to progesterone, inhibits the beneficial effect of estrogens on lipids and experimental atherosclerosis. The route of administration of estrogens is also involved: estrogens alter hemostasis factors, and when orally administered, they have a first pass liver effect, which favors hypercoagulability. It is therefore urgent that Europeans undertake a European \"HERS study\" in order to investigate the possible beneficial effect of non oral estrogens (gel or patch) associated with natural progesterone.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"94","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Archives Des Maladies Du Coeur Et Des Vaisseaux"}}},"pageStart":"685","pageEnd":"689","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/survival-morbidity-and-resource-use-of-infants-of-25-weeks-gestational-age-or-le-rec2bpyczssq7btrs/","name":"Survival, morbidity, and resource use of infants of 25 weeks' gestational age or less","headline":"Survival, morbidity, and resource use of infants of 25 weeks' gestational age or less","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/survival-morbidity-and-resource-use-of-infants-of-25-weeks-gestational-age-or-le-rec2bpyczssq7btrs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A Ohlsson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6848-5169","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Biotech (Canada)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01k458340"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Synnes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6917-0978","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Biotech (Canada)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01k458340"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Li-Yin Chien","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4210-2975"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Canadian Neonatal Network"},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Chan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1540-3876","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D S Lee","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Biotech (Canada)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01k458340"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunmi Lee","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3814-6967","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NYU Langone Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/005dvqh91"}}],"datePublished":"2001-08-03","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to examine survival, morbidity, and resource use in a large cohort of extremely preterm infants.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: We examined all (n = 754) neonatal intensive care unit admissions born at < or =25 weeks' gestation and inborn deliveries (n = 949) between 22 and 25 weeks' gestation at 17 Canadian neonatal intensive care units.\n\nRESULTS: The overall survival rate was 63%, with a range from 14% at 22 weeks' gestation to 76% at 25 weeks' gestation. There was a high incidence of chronic lung disease (33%-51%), > or =grade 3 intraventricular hemorrhage (0%-16%), necrotizing enterocolitis (0%-14%), > or =stage 3 retinopathy of prematurity (27%-55%), nosocomial infection (25%-39%), and multiple gestation (18%-46%). Extremely preterm infants comprise 4% of neonatal intensive care unit admissions but account for 22% of deaths, 20%-60% of major morbidities, 11% of patient days, and 10%-35% of major procedures. Outborn infants had a higher incidence of chronic lung disease, severe retinopathy of prematurity, and intraventricular hemorrhage.\n\nCONCLUSION: Extremely preterm infants have a high incidence of mortality and morbidity and consume disproportionate amounts of neonatal intensive care unit resources.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"185","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"220","pageEnd":"226","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1067/mob.2001.115280","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74307541"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1067/mob.2001.115280"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11483932"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q74307541"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-role-of-semen-in-induction-of-maternal-immune-tolerance-to-pregnancy-dsdvwce5/","name":"The role of semen in induction of maternal immune tolerance to pregnancy","headline":"The role of semen in induction of maternal immune tolerance to pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-role-of-semen-in-induction-of-maternal-immune-tolerance-to-pregnancy-dsdvwce5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Robertson SA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sharkey DJ"}],"datePublished":"2001-08-01","abstract":"Successful pregnancy requires a state of maternal immune 'tolerance' to accommodate antigens expressed by the conceptus. Implantation failure and placental pathologies largely reflect insufficiencies in maternal immune adaptation, but progress in devising therapeutic strategies to treat these conditions is stalled because the mechanisms underlying the induction and maintenance of maternal tolerance are unknown. Increasingly, clinical and experimental data support the proposal that insemination has consequences for the reproductive process beyond delivery of male gametes. An emerging hypothesis, based mainly on clinical observations and experiments in mice, is that insemination is causally linked to the activation and expansion of populations of lymphocytes mediating forms of 'active' immune tolerance in the implantation site. This review examines existing evidence for a role for semen in the immunology of pregnancy, highlighting the limitations of our existing knowledge and the prospects for future research and its clinical application.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Seminars in Immunology"}}},"pageStart":"243","pageEnd":"254","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1006/smim.2000.0320","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34299239"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1006/smim.2000.0320"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34299239"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-several-one-step-home-urinary-luteinizing-hormone-detection-test-k-recxfcn2efpczta87/","name":"Comparison of several one-step home urinary luteinizing hormone detection test kits to OvuQuick","headline":"Comparison of several one-step home urinary luteinizing hormone detection test kits to OvuQuick","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-several-one-step-home-urinary-luteinizing-hormone-detection-test-k-recxfcn2efpczta87/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Harry Hatasaka"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S D Barton"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M S Nielsen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2001-08-01","abstract":"Objective: To compare clinical accuracy and ease of use for several of the new rapid one-step home urinary LH detection kits compared with the preexisting OvuQuick brand LH detection kit (designated as the standard).\nDesign: Prospective cohort study.\nSetting: University-based infertility clinic. PATIENT(S): All women undergoing intrauterine inseminations at the clinic, regardless of infertility diagnosis, were offered enrollment during a 28-month study period. INTERVENTION(S): Each participant was supplied three one-step test kits (OvuQuick One-Step, ClearPlan Easy, and SureStep) in addition to a multistep OvuQuick test kit and instructed to run the tests in parallel on the same urine sample and to record the results. Urine testing was performed every 12 hours, beginning 3 days before the anticipated onset of an LH surge, and continued with the one-step kits every 12 hours for 48 hours after the surge was first detected by OvuQuick. Subjects also completed questionnaires evaluating the use of each test kit. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Correlation of LH surge detection by one-step kits in comparison to surge detection by OvuQuick. Satisfaction and ease of use questionnaires. RESULT(S): Sixty-three volunteers returned useable data, from which 81 evaluable cycles were analyzed. The majority of patients found the newer one-step kits to be easier to use and less time consuming than OvuQuick. The three one-step kits detected the LH surge within +/- one testing period (+/-12 hours) of detection by OvuQuick 68%-84% of the time. OvuQuick One-Step, with modified instructions allowing for an equal color intensity in the test and reference areas, had the highest correlation with OvuQuick (84%). However, with a study power (alpha = 0.05, beta = 0.10) sufficient to detect a 10% difference between Ovuquick and each one-step kit, all one-step kits were statistically equivalent to each other. There was no cycle in which a one-step kit detected a positive LH surge but OvuQuick did not. CONCLUSION(S): One-step urinary LH kits are easier for patients to use than a multistep home urinary LH kit and have reasonable correlation with the multistep kit when used clinically for timing artificial inseminations.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"76","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"384","pageEnd":"387","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(01)01881-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34085325"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(01)01881-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11476792"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34085325"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-prospective-randomized-study-comparing-intramuscular-progesterone-and-17alpha--rec4icwbjg35s5cqe/","name":"A prospective randomized study comparing intramuscular progesterone and 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer cycles","headline":"A prospective randomized study comparing intramuscular progesterone and 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer cycles","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-prospective-randomized-study-comparing-intramuscular-progesterone-and-17alpha--rec4icwbjg35s5cqe/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S Gerli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1082-3062","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Perugia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x27da85"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Manna","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9145-1955","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Clinica Valle Giulia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05aq4y378"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gian Carlo Di Renzo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7179-9054","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Perugia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x27da85"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"V Unfer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1805-3181","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Clinica Valle Giulia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05aq4y378"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Costabile","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Clinica Valle Giulia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05aq4y378"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Rossetti","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Perugia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x27da85"}}],"datePublished":"2001-07-31","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of i.m. P and 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17-HPC) for luteal phase support, in patients undergoing IVF-ET cycles.\n\nDESIGN: Prospective, randomized study.\n\nSETTING: Patients undergoing IVF-ET in our Centers.\n\nPATIENT(S): The inclusion criteria were the use of GnRH down-regulation and aged <40 years.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): A total of 300 cycles were randomly treated with either 17-HPC (341 mg every 3 days) or P (50 mg daily).\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The outcomes of IVF in both study groups were evaluated for biochemical pregnancy, miscarriage, clinical pregnancy, and ongoing pregnancy.\n\nRESULT(S): No difference was found in the main outcome parameters considered.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Although the results of the study encourage the use of 17-HPC for luteal phase support in patients undergoing IVF-ET program, more studies are necessary to support the hypothesis that it can replace i.m. P-in-oil.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"76","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"394","pageEnd":"396","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(01)01901-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43690300"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(01)01901-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11476795"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43690300"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-of-clomiphene-citrate-and-cyclofenil-for-infertile-women-with-normal-ov-recrzzxh7ywptcsy9/","name":"Efficacy of clomiphene citrate and cyclofenil for infertile women with normal ovulatory cycles","headline":"Efficacy of clomiphene citrate and cyclofenil for infertile women with normal ovulatory cycles","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-of-clomiphene-citrate-and-cyclofenil-for-infertile-women-with-normal-ov-recrzzxh7ywptcsy9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"K Nakanishi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1236-7817"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y Noda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8200-6277","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shiga University of Medical Science","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00d8gp927"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Goto"},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Takakura"},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Yokoi"}],"datePublished":"2001-07-31","abstract":"Despite the widespread use of clomiphene citrate (CC) for ovulation induction, the pregnancy rates (PRs) in women who take CC are less than expected based on ovulation rates. The causes of this discrepancy between the PRs and ovulation rates have been explained by the antiestrogenic effects on cervical mucus and endometrial differentiation (1). Despite these adverse effects, CC therapy is so simple and safe that it is widely administered even to normally ovulatory women in the expectation of inducing multiple ovulation and increasing the chances of conception.\nOn the other hand, cyclofenil, which has been reported to exert less antiestrogenic activity than CC (2), is also used to treat infertile women with not only anovulatory cycles but normal ovulatory cycles. The purpose of this study was to assess whether administration of CC or cyclofenil to women with normal ovulatory cycles is beneficial.\nOne hundred fifty-five normally ovulatory women who received treatment for infertility at Shiga University of Medical Science from June 1998 to June 1999 were recruited for this study. Patients with ovulatory disorders, such as irregular cycles, hypothalamic or pituitary amenorrhea, polycystic ovary syndrome, premature ovarian failure, and hyperprolactinemia, were excluded from the study. Patients with bilateral tubal obstruction or azoospermia were also excluded.\nAdministration of CC or cyclofenil was withheld for a period of 3 months after the first visit while the timing of coitus was advised. Patients were advised to have sexual intercourse within 24 hours after confirmation of a positive urinary LH with a urinary LH surge detection kit (Gold-sign LH, Morinaga Nyugyo, Tokyo, Japan).\nThen the patients who did not conceive were sequentially allocated to three groups: a CC-treated group, a cyclofenil-treated group, and a group with no administration. Briefly, the first patient enrolled in the study was assigned to a CC-treated group, the second patient was assigned to a cyclofenil-treated group, and the third patient was assigned to a group with no administration. Then the fourth patient was assigned to the CC-treated group, and so forth.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"76","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"409","pageEnd":"411","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(01)01906-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43690303"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(01)01906-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11476800"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43690303"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-new-ultrasound-criterion-for-the-diagnosis-of-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-the-ov-recuujyyshh0lkvi1/","name":"A new ultrasound criterion for the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome: the ovarian stroma/total area ratio","headline":"A new ultrasound criterion for the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome: the ovarian stroma/total area ratio","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-new-ultrasound-criterion-for-the-diagnosis-of-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-the-ov-recuujyyshh0lkvi1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Maria Fulghesu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8116-3968","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Apa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0143-9114","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonio Lanzone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4119-414X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oasi Maria SS","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dqmaq38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chiara Belosi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mario Ciampelli","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"V Pavone","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}}],"datePublished":"2001-07-31","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether some ultrasound parameters of ovarian morphology can discriminate between control women and patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).\n\nDESIGN: Retrospective data analysis.\n\nSETTING: Volunteers women in an academic research environment.\n\nPATIENT(S): Eighty amenorrheic or oligomenorrheic women and 30 normal ovulatory control participants.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): None.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): We evaluated ovarian volume, area, stroma, and the stroma/total area (S/A) ratio by use of transvaginal pelvic ultrasound; and we assayed serum levels of gonadotropin, androgen, and estradiol during the early follicular phase (days 2 to 5) of the menstrual cycle in regularly cycling controls and on a random day in amenorrheic patients.\n\nRESULT(S): Patients with PCOS showed significantly higher ovarian volume, area, stroma, and mean S/A ratio when compared to multifollicular and control groups. Cut-off values have been defined for ovarian volume (13.21 mL), area (7.00 cm2), stroma (1.95 cm2), and S/A ratio (0.34). The sensitivity for PCOS diagnosis was 21%, 4%, 62%, and 100%, respectively. The S/A ratio showed the most significant correlation with the androgen levels.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): The evaluation of the S/A ratio can differentiate between PCOS and control or multifollicular women with both a sensitivity and a specificity of 100%. Furthermore, this ultrasound parameter is strictly related to hormonal milieu and to anthropometric characteristics.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"76","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"326","pageEnd":"331","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(01)01919-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43690288"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(01)01919-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11476780"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43690288"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-prospective-controlled-study-of-karyotyping-for-430-consecutive-babies-conceiv-reckalung2fjh57sz/","name":"A prospective controlled study of karyotyping for 430 consecutive babies conceived through intracytoplasmic sperm injection","headline":"A prospective controlled study of karyotyping for 430 consecutive babies conceived through intracytoplasmic sperm injection","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-prospective-controlled-study-of-karyotyping-for-430-consecutive-babies-conceiv-reckalung2fjh57sz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M Aboulghar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3935-6501","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Egyptian IVF-ET Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035aahr55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gamal Serour"},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Aboulghar","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Egyptian IVF-ET Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035aahr55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hesham Al-Inany","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5914-0510","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cairo University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03q21mh05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y Amin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5349-5410","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Egyptian IVF-ET Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035aahr55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Mansour","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0758-3387","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Egyptian IVF-ET Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035aahr55"}}],"datePublished":"2001-07-31","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To compare the karyotype of babies conceived through ICSI with that of naturally conceived babies.\n\nDESIGN: Prospective controlled study.\n\nSETTING: The Egyptian IVF-ET Center, Cairo, Egypt.\n\nPATIENT(S): Four hundred and thirty babies conceived through ICSI and 430 babies conceived naturally.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): ICSI and karyotyping.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Abnormal karyotype.\n\nRESULT(S): Four hundred and thirty consecutive babies conceived through ICSI who were delivered in one hospital had 15 abnormal karyotypes (3.5%). Of the 15 babies, 7 were of female phenotype and 8 of male phenotype. Six babies had sex chromosome anomalies, 8 had autosomal anomalies, and 1 had combined sex chromosome and autosomal anomalies. A control group of 430 consecutive babies conceived naturally who were delivered in one hospital had no abnormal karyotype. The difference between the two groups was significant (P<.001).\n\nCONCLUSION(S): ICSI carries a small but significant increased risk of abnormal karyotyping to the offspring. This risk appears to be equally distributed between autosomal and sex chromosome anomalies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"76","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"249","pageEnd":"253","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(01)01927-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38858005"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(01)01927-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11476768"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38858005"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/psychological-correlates-of-functional-hypothalamic-amenorrhea-recascbcdcp24xyef/","name":"Psychological correlates of functional hypothalamic amenorrhea","headline":"Psychological correlates of functional hypothalamic amenorrhea","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/psychological-correlates-of-functional-hypothalamic-amenorrhea-recascbcdcp24xyef/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M D Marcus","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2896-6897","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pittsburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T L Loucks","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7651-7602","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pittsburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarah L Berga","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1885-0401","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wake Forest University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0207ad724"}}],"datePublished":"2001-07-31","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine whether mood, attitudes, or symptoms of disordered eating discriminated women with functional hypothalamic amenorrhea (FHA) from those with organic causes of amenorrhea and eumenorrhea.\n\nDESIGN: Cross-sectional comparison of women with FHA, women with organic amenorrhea, and eumenorrheic control women.\n\nSETTING: Clinical research center in an academic medical institution.\n\nPATIENT(S): Seventy-seven women > or =18 years old with time since menarche > or =5 and < or =25 years were recruited by advertisement.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Ovulation was confirmed in eumenorrheic control women. Causes of anovulation were carefully documented in amenorrheic participants and LH pulse profiles were obtained to document the diagnosis of FHA. All participants were interviewed and completed questionnaires.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Self-report measures of dysfunctional attitudes, coping styles, and symptoms of depression and eating disorders.\n\nRESULT(S): Women with FHA reported more depressive symptoms and dysfunctional attitudes than did eumenorrheic women, but not significantly more than women with organic amenorrhea. However, women with FHA reported significantly more symptoms of disordered eating than did either anovulatory or ovulatory women.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): The findings are consistent with the hypothesis that FHA is precipitated by a combination of psychosocial stressors and metabolic challenge.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"76","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"310","pageEnd":"316","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(01)01921-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51064328"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(01)01921-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11476778"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q51064328"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dietary-restraint-exercise-and-bone-density-in-young-women-are-they-related-recijk9d1cuxmvy5z/","name":"Dietary restraint, exercise, and bone density in young women: are they related?","headline":"Dietary restraint, exercise, and bone density in young women: are they related?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dietary-restraint-exercise-and-bone-density-in-young-women-are-they-related-recijk9d1cuxmvy5z/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan I Barr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8701-7152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J A McLean","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2001-07-28","abstract":"Purpose: Women with high scores for dietary restraint have been found to have higher 24-h urinary cortisol excretion and a higher prevalence of subclinical ovulatory disturbances, both of which may be risk factors for bone loss. The purpose of this study was to explore relationships between dietary restraint and bone health in regularly menstruating young women.\n\nMethods: 62 women (age: 21.7 +/- 2.5 yr) had body composition and total body and lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) and content (BMC) assessed using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Dietary restraint was assessed using the restraint subscale from the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire: 29 women had low restraint (LR; restraint score 0--5), 33 had high restraint (HR; restraint score 13--21). Exercise (h x wk(-1)) was assessed by questionnaire on two occasions.\n\nResults: LR and HR women were similar in age and body composition (fat mass = 15.0 +/- 4.7 kg, lean mass = 40.9 +/- 4.9 kg), but HR women exercised more (3.4 +/- 1.7 vs 2.2 +/- 1.8 h x wk(-1), P < 0.05). Exercise was correlated with BMD and BMC, and when it was included as a covariate, total body BMC was significantly lower in HR than LR women. In multiple regression analysis, weekly hours of exercise and restraint score were significant predictors of total body BMD and BMC.\n\nConclusion: The observations of this cross-sectional study suggest that high levels of cognitive dietary restraint, or associated factors such as higher cortisol, may attenuate the positive effects of exercise on bone in young women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"33","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise"}}},"pageStart":"1292","pageEnd":"1296","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200108000-00008","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30693409"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/00005768-200108000-00008"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11474329"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q30693409"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/expert-in-fertility-appreciation-the-creighton-model-practitioner-recjupidqp7gndkqn/","name":"Expert in fertility appreciation: the Creighton Model practitioner","headline":"Expert in fertility appreciation: the Creighton Model practitioner","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/expert-in-fertility-appreciation-the-creighton-model-practitioner-recjupidqp7gndkqn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Lee Barron","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4719-3420","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Diane Daly","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4526-9869","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint John's Mercy Medical Center"}}],"datePublished":"2001-07-20","abstract":"The Creighton Model system of natural family planning (NFP) is useful in achieving pregnancy, avoiding pregnancy, and detecting some gynecologic disorders. NFP practitioners support the client in using NFP. Because the effectiveness of NFP is related to the teaching process and to teacher expertise, clients choosing NFP may be best served by referral to a certified NFP practitioner for instruction.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"30","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Neonatal Nursing : JOGNN"}}},"pageStart":"386","pageEnd":"391","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.2001.tb01557.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34312483"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1552-6909.2001.tb01557.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11461022"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34312483"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/outcome-in-the-second-year-of-life-after-in-vitro-fertilisation-by-intracytoplas-rec3n79f73ilz2vl5/","name":"Outcome in the second year of life after in-vitro fertilisation by intracytoplasmic sperm injection: a UK case-control study","headline":"Outcome in the second year of life after in-vitro fertilisation by intracytoplasmic sperm injection: a UK case-control study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/outcome-in-the-second-year-of-life-after-in-vitro-fertilisation-by-intracytoplas-rec3n79f73ilz2vl5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Alastair Sutcliffe","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8542-6155","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Roland Hill (United Kingdom)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05d4tza70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Taylor","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0230-1101","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Royal Free Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ge67z96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Saunders","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5429-6888","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Monash Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02t1bej08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"BA Leiberman"},{"@type":"Person","name":"JG Grudzinskas","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Barts Health NHS Trust","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00b31g692"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B A Lieberman"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Thornton","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7387-3411"}],"datePublished":"2001-07-11","abstract":"BACKGROUND: There have been reports suggesting that children born after in-vitro fertilisation by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) are at increased risk of neurodevelopmental delay. We have undertaken a case-control study of this issue.\n\nMETHODS: We studied 208 singleton children conceived by ICSI and a control group of 221 normally conceived singleton children. Children were recruited from 22 fertility centres and local nurseries throughout the UK. Controls were selected to match cases as closely as possible for social class, maternal educational attainment, region, sex, and race. The primary outcome measure was neurodevelopmental scoring; secondary measures were perinatal outcomes, postnatal health, and congenital abnormalities. A single examiner assessed all the children.\n\nFINDINGS: A follow-up rate of 90% for the ICSI group was achieved at a mean age of 17 months. No difference between the study children and controls was found in mean neurodevelopmental scores (98.08 [SD 10.93] vs 98.69 [9.99]) or any subscales on the Griffiths' scales of mental development. Perinatal outcome was similar apart from a higher rate of caesarean section (73 [35.1%] vs 53 [24.0%], p=0.015) and a lower mean birthweight (3163 [SD 642] vs 3341 [606] g, p=0.013) in the study group. Rates of major congenital abnormality were also similar overall (ten [4.8%] study vs ten [4.5%] control), although there were significantly more congenital anomalies among children born to fathers with oligozoospermia than in other children.\n\nINTERPRETATION: This population study did not show any significant difference between children conceived after ICSI and their naturally conceived peers in terms of physical health and development.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"357","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9274","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Lancet (London, England)"}}},"pageStart":"2080","pageEnd":"2084","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(00)05180-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51965287"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0140-6736(00)05180-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11445100"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q51965287"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/blood-loss-following-noncomplicated-transvaginal-oocyte-retrieval-for-in-vitro-f-recwffmnjx9ncyttn/","name":"Blood loss following noncomplicated transvaginal oocyte retrieval for in vitro fertilization","headline":"Blood loss following noncomplicated transvaginal oocyte retrieval for in vitro fertilization","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/blood-loss-following-noncomplicated-transvaginal-oocyte-retrieval-for-in-vitro-f-recwffmnjx9ncyttn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S Dessole","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8287-9079","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Padua","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00240q980"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Ambrosini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6205-1856","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Padua","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00240q980"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Cherchi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6950-3421","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Padua","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00240q980"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Miele","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Padua","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00240q980"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G B Nardelli","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Padua","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00240q980"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Rubattu","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Padua","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00240q980"}}],"datePublished":"2001-07-05","abstract":"Transvaginal ultrasonic follicle puncture has now become the method of choice for oocyte retrieval among most in vitro fertilization (IVF) units. The procedure, which involves puncture then aspiration of ovarian follicles, inevitably results in damage to the fine vascular network of blood vessels on the ovarian surface and theca interna layer, and tends to produce varying degrees of blood loss. The transvaginal ultrasonically guided retrieval of oocytes can be considered noncomplicated when the procedure does not result in injury to iliac vessels, trauma to pelvic viscera, or iatrogenic pelvic infections (1, 2), which would necessitate laparoscopy and or laparotomy. The aim of our study was to quantify the amount of blood loss that should be considered “normal” after noncomplicated transvaginal ultrasonically guided retrieval of oocytes, to characterize the factors that are related to the amount of blood loss, and to identify the patients who have the highest risk of hemorrhage.\nBefore beginning our study, we performed a power analysis of potential participants. We established the sample size after evaluating the number of women of fertile age in our area, and we used the previous years’ data to calculate the prevalence of sterility problems and the percentage of women who had undergone in vitro fertilization. Thus, our prospective study was based on a sample of 220 women, 25 to 42 years old, who underwent assisted reproduction from January 1998 to May 1999. We excluded the women who had mild or severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome or thrombocytopenia, those who were taking anticoagulant drugs, and those who were overweight (body mass index 25 to 30) or obese (body mass index greater than 30). The study was approved by the local hospital ethics committee and all of the participants gave written informed consent.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"76","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"205","pageEnd":"206","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(01)01858-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48883043"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(01)01858-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11438346"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q48883043"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/distribution-of-topical-medication-in-the-human-vagina-as-imaged-by-magnetic-res-recqkeoacgrp6dy69/","name":"Distribution of topical medication in the human vagina as imaged by magnetic resonance imaging","headline":"Distribution of topical medication in the human vagina as imaged by magnetic resonance imaging","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/distribution-of-topical-medication-in-the-human-vagina-as-imaged-by-magnetic-res-recqkeoacgrp6dy69/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kurt T. Barnhart","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9499-8144","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pennsylvania Health System","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04h81rw26"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E S Pretorius"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alan H. Stolpen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9990-3960","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Iowa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036jqmy94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Malamud","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9094-4122","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pennsylvania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10"}}],"datePublished":"2001-07-05","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To assess the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to determine the varying distribution of a vaginally placed gel over time and with different levels of patient activity.\n\nDESIGN: Prospectives interventional trial.\n\nSETTING: University medical center.\n\nPATIENT(S): One nulliparous volunteer with normal menstrual cycles and no gynecologic disease who underwent seven MRI scans of the pelvis.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Five mL of a commercially available topical spermicide was mixed with gadolinium-chelate magnetic resonance contrast material and introduced with a standard applicator. T1-weighted three-dimensional MRI was done to assess the distribution of the gel.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Gel thickness and distribution.\n\nRESULT(S): The initial bolus of gel was delivered into the upper portion of the vagina, above the urogenital diaphragm. Thereafter, it spread into the vaginal fornices and \"flattened\" to cover the lateral aspects of the vagina. Without ambulation, the majority of spread was confined to the upper vagina. With ambulation and longer elapsed time, the gel spread further in the upper vagina and into the lower vagina, and significant vaginal surface coverage increased significantly.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Magnetic resonance imaging can be used to monitor the spread of vaginally placed products and to evaluate coverage of topical drugs used for prevention and treatment, including those used for HIV prophylaxis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"76","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"189","pageEnd":"195","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(01)01822-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43750461"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(01)01822-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11438341"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43750461"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluation-of-decision-rules-for-referring-women-for-bone-densitometry-by-dual-e-rec2ggou1yxkgsnui/","name":"Evaluation of decision rules for referring women for bone densitometry by  dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry","headline":"Evaluation of decision rules for referring women for bone densitometry by  dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluation-of-decision-rules-for-referring-women-for-bone-densitometry-by-dual-e-rec2ggou1yxkgsnui/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Suzanne M. Cadarette","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8584-9649","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05pr37258"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"SB Jaglal"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Timothy M Murray","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7060-980X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"WJ McIsaac"},{"@type":"Person","name":"JL Brown and the CaMos Research Group."},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lawrence Joseph","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3321-0587","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Brown"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study"}],"datePublished":"2001-07-04","abstract":"Context: Identification of women with low bone mineral density (BMD) is an important strategy in reducing the incidence of osteoporotic fractures. However, screening all women is not recommended.\n\nObjectives: To assess the diagnostic properties of 4 decision rules--Simple Calculated Osteoporosis Risk Estimation (SCORE), Osteoporosis Risk Assessment Instrument (ORAI), Age, Body Size, No Estrogen (ABONE), and body weight less than 70 kg (weight criterion)--for selecting women for dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) testing and to compare results with recommendations made in the National Osteoporosis Foundation (NOF) practice guidelines. DESIGN AND Setting: Analysis of data from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study, a population-based community sample, collected from 9 study centers across Canada between February 1996 and September 1997.\n\nParticipants: Postmenopausal women aged 45 years or older (N = 2365) without bone disease who had DXA data for the femoral neck, data to apply selection criteria, and who were not currently taking estrogens or who had been taking hormone replacement therapy for 5 or more years.\n\nMain Outcome Measures: Sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve of each of the 4 decision rules and the NOF guidelines for identifying women with a BMD T score of less than -1.0 SD, less than -2.0 SD, and no more than -2.5 SD at the femoral neck, and percentages of women recommended for testing, stratified by BMD level and age.\n\nResults: The percent of women with a BMD T score less than -1, less than -2, and no more than -2.5 were 68.3%, 25.4%, and 10.0%, respectively. The AUROC curves were greatest using SCORE and ORAI. The sensitivity for identifying women with a BMD T score of less than -2.0 was 93.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 91.8%-95.6%) using the NOF guidelines and was 97.5% (95% CI, 96.3%-98.8%), 94.2% (95% CI, 92.3%-96.1%), 79.1% (95% CI, 75.9%-82.3%), and 79.6% (95% CI, 76.4%-82.8%), respectively, using the SCORE, ORAI, ABONE, and weight criterion. However, the NOF guidelines also resulted in 74.4% (95% CI, 71.3%-77.6%) of women with a normal BMD (T score of -1.0 or higher) being tested compared with 69.2% (95% CI, 65.9%-72.5%), 56.3% (95% CI, 52.7%-59.8%), 35.8% (95% CI, 32.4%-39.2%), and 38.1% (95% CI, 34.6%-41.6%), respectively, using the 4 decision rules. Assessments suggest that ABONE and weight criterion are not useful case-finding approaches.\n\nConclusion: The SCORE and ORAI decision rules are better than the NOF guidelines at targeting BMD testing in high-risk patients. The acceptability of these rules in clinical practice merits further investigation given their potential effect on the use of densitometry services.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"286","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA"}}},"pageStart":"57","pageEnd":"63","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.286.1.57","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74128514"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jama.286.1.57"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11434827"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q74128514"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estrogen-deficiency-in-severe-postpartum-depression-successful-treatment-with-su-recrf7nm46woqylt6/","name":"Estrogen deficiency in severe postpartum depression: successful treatment with sublingual physiologic 17beta-estradiol: a preliminary study","headline":"Estrogen deficiency in severe postpartum depression: successful treatment with sublingual physiologic 17beta-estradiol: a preliminary study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estrogen-deficiency-in-severe-postpartum-depression-successful-treatment-with-su-recrf7nm46woqylt6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"K Wahlbeck","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3754-3933"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Ahokas","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Helsinki","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040af2s02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Aito"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Kaukoranta"}],"datePublished":"2001-06-20","abstract":"BACKGROUND: The postpartum period is a time when women are vulnerable to depressive disorders, which can be severe and have long-lasting adverse sequelae. In spite of multiple contacts with health care providers, women with postpartum depression often remain unrecognized and untreated. To evaluate the association between estradiol and postpartum depression, we measured serum estradiol concentration and performed an open-label study of physiologic 17beta-estradiol.\n\nMETHOD: Twenty-three women fulfilling ICD-10 criteria for major depression with postpartum onset were consecutively recruited from a psychiatric emergency unit. Serum estradiol concentrations were measured at baseline and weekly during sublingual 17beta-estradiol treatment for 8 weeks. The treatment effect was assessed using a clinician-rated depression symptom scale, the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS).\n\nRESULTS: At baseline, all patients were severely depressed (mean MADRS total score = 40.7; range, 35-45) and had a low serum estradiol concentration (mean = 79.8 pmol/L; range, 23-140 pmol/L); in 16/23 patients, the concentration was even lower than the threshold value for gonadal failure. During the first week of estradiol treatment, depressive symptoms diminished significantly, resulting in a mean MADRS score of 11.0 (Z = -4.20, p < .001), and serum estradiol concentrations approached those of the follicular phase (mean +/- SD = 342 +/- 141 pmol/L). At the end of the second week of treatment, the MADRS scores were compatible with clinical recovery in 19/23 patients.\n\nCONCLUSION: This preliminary study shows that depression symptoms may be rapidly reduced in patients with postpartum depression who have documented estradiol deficiency by treatment with 17beta-estradiol and suggests that estradiol can have significance in the pathophysiology of this condition and may be an option in the treatment of women vulnerable to postpartum depression.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"62","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry"}}},"pageStart":"332","pageEnd":"336","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.4088/jcp.v62n0504","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.4088/jcp.v62n0504"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11411813"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/influence-of-parity-and-lactation-on-hip-fracture-risk-recsrmo5r8mbqzahi/","name":"Influence of parity and lactation on hip fracture risk","headline":"Influence of parity and lactation on hip fracture risk","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/influence-of-parity-and-lactation-on-hip-fracture-risk-recsrmo5r8mbqzahi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Karl Michaëlsson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2815-1217","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Uppsala University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01apvbh93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J A Baron","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3461-1056","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dartmouth College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/049s0rh22"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Y Farahmand"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Ljunghall","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Uppsala University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01apvbh93"}}],"datePublished":"2001-06-15","abstract":"Several studies indicate that parity and lactation are associated with modest, short-term bone loss, but the long-term effect on osteoporotic fracture risk is uncertain. The authors therefore analyzed data from a population-based case-control study among Swedish postmenopausal women aged 50-81 years between October 1993 and February 1995. Mailed questionnaires and telephone interviews were used to collect data on 1,328 incident cases with hip fracture and 3,312 randomly selected controls. In age-adjusted analyses, the risk of hip fracture among all women was reduced by 10% per child (95% confidence interval (CI): 5, 14). After multivariate adjustment including body mass index as a covariate, the risk reduction was 5% per child (95% CI: 0, 10). Oral contraceptive use modified the association of parity with hip fracture risk. Among never users of oral contraceptives, the risk of hip fracture was reduced by 8% per child (95% CI: 2, 13), whereas among ever users of oral contraceptives, the risk was in the opposite direction, with an increase in risk by 19% per child (95% CI: 0, 41). After parity was considered, there was no association of duration of lactation period with fracture risk. The authors conclude that parity is modestly associated with a reduced hip fracture risk among women who had not used oral contraceptives previously.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"153","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Am J Epidemiol"}}},"pageStart":"1166","pageEnd":"1172","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/153.12.1166","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59806476"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/aje/153.12.1166"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11415951"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q59806476"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-proposed-role-for-hcg-in-clinical-obstetrics-rec6gb3c1rdugoj5u/","name":"A proposed role for hCG in clinical obstetrics","headline":"A proposed role for hCG in clinical obstetrics","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-proposed-role-for-hcg-in-clinical-obstetrics-rec6gb3c1rdugoj5u/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"James Kurtzman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Irvine Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cm8nm15"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Helen W. Wilson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6715-4866"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C V Rao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4859-5555"},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Wilson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4589-6958"}],"datePublished":"2001-06-08","abstract":"The role of human chorionic gonadatropin (hCG) in the maintenance of early pregnancy is well known. Recent data suggests that hCG may play a role in the maintenance of the later stages of pregnancy as well, by directly and indirectly promoting uterine quiescence. If hCG acts as an endogenous tocolytic in normal pregnancy, then it may be an ideal candidate for therapy of preterm labor as well. We present compelling in vitro as well as in vivo data, which support the role of hCG in the maintenance of normal uterine quiescence. Additionally, we will present in vivo and in vitro data that confirms the ability of hCG to directly promote relaxation of uterine contractions. This review provides a basis for future study of the use of hCG in clinical obstetrics. Given the limited effectiveness of tocolytic therapies available at the time, hCG may provide a promising pharmacological approach to the pervasive problem of preterm labor in human pregnancy. While further work is needed, initial data strongly support this novel use of hCG in clinical obstetrics.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Seminars in Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"63","pageEnd":"68","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2001-13912","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34274810"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1055/s-2001-13912"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11394205"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34274810"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pharmacokinetics-of-progesterone-administered-by-the-oral-and-parenteral-routes-recrlrgmjgqskdtvh/","name":"Pharmacokinetics of progesterone administered by the oral and parenteral routes","headline":"Pharmacokinetics of progesterone administered by the oral and parenteral routes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pharmacokinetics-of-progesterone-administered-by-the-oral-and-parenteral-routes-recrlrgmjgqskdtvh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Frank Z Stanczyk","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3607-121X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}}],"datePublished":"2001-06-08","abstract":"Progestogens, which include the natural hormone, progesterone, and synthetic steroid derivatives, are used to treat a variety of reproductive disorders. Since synthetic progestogens are often associated with undesirable side effects, improved formulations and modes of administration of progesterone have been sought. In order to find an optimal therapeutic agent, different progesterone formulations and routes of administration have been studied. This paper explains several methods of measuring progesterone levels and summarizes clinical data on the pharmacokinetic profiles of natural progesterone administered by the oral, intramuscular, vaginal, intranasal, percutaneous, sublingual and rectal routes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"44","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2 Suppl","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"141","pageEnd":"147","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/on-the-role-of-human-chorionic-gonadotropin-hcg-in-the-embryo-endometrial-microe-recuape11wjoxjewy/","name":"On the role of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in the embryo-endometrial microenvironment: implications for differentiation and implantation","headline":"On the role of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in the embryo-endometrial microenvironment: implications for differentiation and implantation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/on-the-role-of-human-chorionic-gonadotropin-hcg-in-the-embryo-endometrial-microe-recuape11wjoxjewy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Peter B. Licht","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1270-8068","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f7hpc57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Wildt","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1933-2593","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitäts Frauenklinik","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02veq1j93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"V Russu"}],"datePublished":"2001-06-08","abstract":"Recent evidence suggests that human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), in addition to its well-known endocrine effects on the corpus luteum, may act as a growth and differentiation factor during pregnancy. According to experimental results, its mode of action may be divided into three sequential phases. During the first phase, which begins at the blastocyst stage and lasts until the occurrence in the serum, hCG acts preferentially in a juxtacrine manner. We have used an intrauterine microdialysis system developed in our laboratory to administer low concentrations of hCG to the endometrium of women in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. HCG administration provoked profound effects on paracrine parameters of differentiation (IGFBP-1, prolactin) and implantation (LIF, M-CSF). VEGF, a cytokine important for neoangiogenesis, was significantly stimulated by hCG (P < .01), suggesting a role for hCG in the control of endometrial vascularization and placentation. The investigation of endometrial parameters of tissue remodeling revealed a significant increase of MMP-9 (P < .05) but not of TIMP-1 following hCG infusion. The second, endocrine, phase of hCG action is marked by the appearance of hCG in the maternal serum. Rising systemic hCG levels cause a very rapid elevation of serum progesterone reflecting the rescue of the corpus luteum. Other endocrine functions of hCG include its intrinsic thyrotropic activity as well as modulation of fetal testicular, ovarian, and adrenal function. The third phase may be characterized by the expression of full-length hCG/LH receptors on the trophoblasts themselves. Before the ninth week of gestation, human villous trophoblasts express a truncated hCG/LH receptor isoform (50 kDa) and are probably not responsive to hCG. Later, the expression pattern is switched to the full-length receptor (80 kDa), allowing hCG also to modulate the differentiation of the trophoblasts themselves. A special feature is the self-regulation of hCG biosynthesis that may in part explain the unique secretion profile of the hormone with peak levels during the first trimester followed by a rapid decline after the tenth week of gestation. In summary, hCG seems to have a variety of local and systemic functions in and outside the embryo-endometrial microenvironment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Seminars in Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"37","pageEnd":"47","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2001-13909","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34274798"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1055/s-2001-13909"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11394202"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34274798"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/human-chorionic-gonadotropin-does-it-affect-human-endometrial-morphology-in-vivo-recyp2eqv3tpcdkes/","name":"Human chorionic gonadotropin: does it affect human endometrial morphology in vivo?","headline":"Human chorionic gonadotropin: does it affect human endometrial morphology in vivo?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/human-chorionic-gonadotropin-does-it-affect-human-endometrial-morphology-in-vivo-recyp2eqv3tpcdkes/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Dominique De Ziegler","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2513-8220","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mkjjy25"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Fanchin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Antoine-Béclère","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sb8a726"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Frydman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Antoine-Béclère","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sb8a726"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Peltier"}],"datePublished":"2001-06-08","abstract":"Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is widely used as a surrogate to luteinizing hormone (LH) to trigger ovulation in controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH). Yet this molecule may exert direct effects on the endometrium. These effects, not mediated by ovarian hormones, are probably a consequence of stimulation of endometrial hCG/LH receptors. Because the half-life of hCG differs markedly from that of LH, possible pharmacological effects of hCG on the endometrium could alter endometrial receptivity in COH. Arguments supporting a clinical action of gonadotropins, and hCG in particular, on the endometrium abound. Notably, evidence has been reported of decidualization of stromal cells of the human endometrium in vitro as a result of exposure to gonadotropins, including hCG. The present article discusses, from a clinical standpoint, the main basis supporting the hypothesis that hCG administration as commonly used in infertility treatments may exert direct effects in vivo on endometrial histology and partake in endometrial transformations of the luteal phase. Preliminary results suggest that endometrial effects of hCG exist in vivo and should be taken into account when assessing the endometrial effects of hormones.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Seminars in Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"31","pageEnd":"35","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2001-13908","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34274793"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1055/s-2001-13908"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11394201"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34274793"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-progesterone-in-assisted-reproduction-recazokd66qmhprhp/","name":"Use of progesterone in assisted reproduction","headline":"Use of progesterone in assisted reproduction","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-progesterone-in-assisted-reproduction-recazokd66qmhprhp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M V Sauer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8173-6340","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172"}}],"datePublished":"2001-06-08","abstract":"Progesterone, supplied in a variety of formulations, is commonly used in assisted reproduction. However, even the commonly accepted uses of progesterone in fertility care are believed to be largely empirical, as are the current available treatment options. While a critical balance of estrogen and progesterone is necessary for successful embryo implantation, achieving that balance is subject to differences in prescribing practice. In evaluating recommendations for the use of progesterone, discussion of its role in assisted-reproduction procedures must distinguish between known therapeutic benefits and empirical benefits.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"44","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2 Suppl","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"197","pageEnd":"202","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/indomethacin-tocolysis-and-intraventricular-hemorrhage-recob12gyqu3lrkzh/","name":"Indomethacin tocolysis and intraventricular hemorrhage","headline":"Indomethacin tocolysis and intraventricular hemorrhage","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/indomethacin-tocolysis-and-intraventricular-hemorrhage-recob12gyqu3lrkzh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R Suarez"},{"@type":"Person","name":"W A Grobman"},{"@type":"Person","name":"B V Parilla"}],"datePublished":"2001-06-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between indomethacin tocolysis and neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage.\n\nMETHODS: Fifty-six preterm neonates with intraventricular hemorrhage were matched by gestational age with neonates (n = 224) without this morbidity. Maternal and neonatal charts were reviewed to ascertain the type of tocolytic exposure experienced by the neonate. Other maternal and neonatal demographic and outcome data were also abstracted. Results were analyzed using the Student t test, chi(2) analysis, and multivariable logistic regression. The number of studied subjects provided 80% power to determine if antenatal exposure to indomethacin was twice as likely among infants with intraventricular hemorrhage.\n\nRESULTS: Univariate analysis revealed that there were no significant differences between the study and control groups with respect to maternal age, parity, or betamethasone exposure. Infants with intraventricular hemorrhage were significantly more likely to be born at an earlier gestational age, a lower birth weight, after maternal chorioamnionitis, after vaginal delivery, and after exposure to either indomethacin alone or a combination of indomethacin and magnesium. Additionally, their neonatal course was significantly more likely to be complicated by sepsis and respiratory distress syndrome. In a multivariable logistic model, only gestational age, chorioamnionitis, vaginal delivery, and respiratory distress syndrome continued to be significantly associated with intraventricular hemorrhage. Indomethacin exposure, either as single-agent (adjusted odds ratio 1.3, 95% confidence interval 0.5, 3.3) or combination tocolytic therapy (adjusted odds ratio 2.0, 95% confidence interval 0.8, 4.8), was not significantly associated with intraventricular hemorrhage.\n\nCONCLUSION: Indomethacin tocolysis is not associated with an increased risk of intraventricular hemorrhage.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"97","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"921","pageEnd":"925","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(01)01356-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43625150"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0029-7844(01)01356-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11384697"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43625150"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/psychopathology-personality-and-marital-relationship-in-patients-undergoing-in-v-recchxpkl5oi8mzvo/","name":"Psychopathology, personality, and marital relationship in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization procedures","headline":"Psychopathology, personality, and marital relationship in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization procedures","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/psychopathology-personality-and-marital-relationship-in-patients-undergoing-in-v-recchxpkl5oi8mzvo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"P Salvatore","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3775-5402","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Parma","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02k7wn190"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Amore","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2927-2192","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Parma","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02k7wn190"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Coppola","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Parma","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02k7wn190"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Gariboldi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Parma","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02k7wn190"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Maggini","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Parma","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02k7wn190"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Offidani","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Parma","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02k7wn190"}}],"datePublished":"2001-06-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To compare the psychopathology, personality features, and marital relationships of women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) with those of control patients, and to compare IVF inductees with program veterans.\n\nDESIGN: Cross-sectional clinical study.\n\nSETTING: A university hospital.\n\nPATIENT(S): One hundred and one women undergoing IVF treatment.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Psychometric tests were administered at first visit (baseline) of index treatment cycle.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Achievement of pregnancy.\n\nRESULT(S): Women undergoing IVF show higher levels of anxiety and emotional tension than do controls. Although the infertile women showed no abnormal personality dimensions, the IVF group did have a particular psychological profile and a different marital relationship pattern when compared with the control participants. Between IVF veterans and inductees, there are significant differences with respect to psychopathology, psychological dimensions, and couple dynamics. The achievement of pregnancy is not associated with any special psychopathological, personality, or marital characteristics among the IVF women.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): The most crucial period in IVF procedures may immediately follow the end of the first cycle because of the high risk of patients dropping out of the program. To determine the most effective supporting therapies for women undergoing fertilization procedures it could be useful to consider the psychological and relational differences between veterans and inductees.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"75","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1119","pageEnd":"1125","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(01)01775-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44698713"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(01)01775-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11384636"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44698713"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-vaginal-progesterone-administration-on-uterine-contractility-at-the-t-recnxml9xccuznsxo/","name":"Effects of vaginal progesterone administration on uterine contractility at the time of embryo transfer","headline":"Effects of vaginal progesterone administration on uterine contractility at the time of embryo transfer","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-vaginal-progesterone-administration-on-uterine-contractility-at-the-t-recnxml9xccuznsxo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Dominique De Ziegler","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2513-8220","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mkjjy25"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nathalie Ledée","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3166-2643","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Antoine-Béclère","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sb8a726"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Fanchin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Antoine-Béclère","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sb8a726"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Frydman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Antoine-Béclère","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sb8a726"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Olivennes","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Antoine-Béclère","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sb8a726"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Righini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6081-6971","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Antoine-Béclère","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sb8a726"}}],"datePublished":"2001-06-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether uterine contractility at the time of embryo transfer (ET) can be reduced by early onset of luteal support with progesterone administered vaginally.\n\nDESIGN: Prospective analysis.\n\nSETTING: Assisted reproduction unit.\n\nPATIENT(S): Eighty-four women undergoing 84 GnRH-a and FSH/hCG cycles for IVF-ET were studied.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Vaginal progesterone was randomly started on the day of oocyte retrieval (group A, n = 43) or on the evening of ET (group B, n = 41). On the day of hCG administration and just before ET, 2-minute sagittal uterine scans were obtained by ultrasound and digitized with an image analysis system for assessing uterine contraction frequency.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Uterine contraction frequency.\n\nRESULT(S): Whereas uterine contraction frequency was similar in both groups on the day of hCG (4.6 +/- 0.3 and 4.5 +/- 0.3 contractions per minute, respectively), only women in group A showed decreased uterine contraction frequency on the day of ET (2.8 +/- 0.2 vs. 4.2 +/- 0.3 contractions per minute).\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Vaginal progesterone administration starting on the day of oocyte retrieval induced a decrease in uterine contraction frequency on the day of ET as compared with preovulatory values. Uterine relaxation before ET is likely to improve IVF-ET outcome by avoiding the displacement of embryos from the uterine cavity.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"75","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1136","pageEnd":"1140","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(01)01787-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43625109"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(01)01787-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11384639"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43625109"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nurse-midwives-knowledge-and-promotion-of-lactational-amenorrhea-and-other-natur-recdqxkokeslnvnvt/","name":"Nurse-midwives' knowledge and promotion of lactational amenorrhea and other natural family-planning methods for child spacing","headline":"Nurse-midwives' knowledge and promotion of lactational amenorrhea and other natural family-planning methods for child spacing","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nurse-midwives-knowledge-and-promotion-of-lactational-amenorrhea-and-other-natur-recdqxkokeslnvnvt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa Hanson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9623-579X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2001-05-24","abstract":"The purpose of this study was to describe and assess certified nurse-midwives' (CNMs) knowledge and promotion of two modalities for child spacing, natural family-planning (NFP) and the lactational amenorrhea method (LAM). One thousand two hundred CNMs were randomly selected from a national membership list and mailed a 24-item questionnaire on NFP and LAM. Of the 514 respondents (42.8% return rate), 450 (87.5%) were currently practicing as CNMs. Respondents had an average age of 46 years, with an average of 10 years of practice. CNMs ranked NFP as the ninth most used and the eighth most effective family-planning method in their practice, with an average perceived method-effectiveness of 88% and use-effectiveness of 70%. Although most respondents felt somewhat prepared during their education program to provide NFP, only 22% would offer NFP as a family-planning option for child spacing.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"46","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health"}}},"pageStart":"68","pageEnd":"73","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s1526-9523(01)00094-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73922261"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s1526-9523(01)00094-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11370692"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73922261"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clinical-discussion-of-the-relationship-between-endometriosis-and-epithelial-ova-recdwqj0d0h0qa3ic/","name":"[Clinical discussion of the relationship between endometriosis and epithelial ovarian cancer]","headline":"[Clinical discussion of the relationship between endometriosis and epithelial ovarian cancer]","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clinical-discussion-of-the-relationship-between-endometriosis-and-epithelial-ova-recdwqj0d0h0qa3ic/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hefeng Huang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4386-1455","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01byttc20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lian L","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6215-2152"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yue Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4745-8038","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2001-05-22","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To analyse the relationship between endometriosis and epithelial ovarian cancer.\n\nMETHODS: We analyzed retrospectively the 20 cases associated with endometriosis in 371 cases of epithelial ovarian cancer, and these 20 cases were also compared with the left 351 cases not associated with endometriosis(including endomtriod carcinoma 38 cases and clear cell carcinoma 39 cases).\n\nRESULTS: Among 20 cases, endomtriod carcinoma and clear cell carcinoma were most frequently associated with endometriosis, with 11 cases and 7 cases respectively, there was also 1 case of gland carcinoma and 1 case of serous papillary carcinoma. Cases of carcinomas associated with endometriosis had higher pathological grade and 5-year survival probability (Kaplan-Meier method) than those cases not associated with endometriosis.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: There is a close relationship between endometriosis and ovarian endomtriod carcinoma and clear cell carcinoma, the malignant transformation of endometriosis foci may be an important origin of them. Drug therapy is recommended for endomtriosis after the operation. In the treatment of endomtriod carcinoma and clear cell carcinoma, progestin can be used as an accessory method.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"34","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi"}}},"pageStart":"544","pageEnd":"546","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-for-birth-defects-among-premature-infants-a-population-based-study-rec20cywfopmhrmiy/","name":"Risk for birth defects among premature infants: a population-based study","headline":"Risk for birth defects among premature infants: a population-based study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-for-birth-defects-among-premature-infants-a-population-based-study-rec20cywfopmhrmiy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sonja A Rasmussen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0574-4928","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Surveillance, Epidemiology, and Laboratory Services","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xte6x19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C A Moore","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021asz590"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L J Paulozzi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042twtr12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E P Rhodenhiser","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021asz590"}}],"datePublished":"2001-05-09","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between prematurity and birth defects.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: In a population-based cohort study, infants with birth defects were ascertained through the Metropolitan Atlanta Congenital Defects Program, a surveillance system with active methods of ascertainment. Gestational age data were obtained from birth certificates of liveborn, singleton infants with and without birth defects born in the 5-county metropolitan Atlanta area.\n\nRESULTS: Among 264,392 infants with known gestational ages born between 1989 and 1995, 7738 were identified as having birth defects (2.93%). Premature infants (<37 weeks' gestation) were more than two times as likely to have birth defects than term infants (37-41 weeks) (risk ratio = 2.43; 95% CI 2.30-2.56). This relationship was evident for several categories of birth defects. The rate of birth defects varied by gestational age categories, with the highest risk in the 29- to 32-week gestational age category (risk ratio = 3.37).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: The risk for birth defects is increased in premature infants. Awareness of this relationship is important for clinicians caring for premature infants. The morbidity and mortality associated with a particular defect may be significantly altered by the presence of prematurity. Further study of this association may provide insight into the etiology of these relatively common problems.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"138","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Pediatrics"}}},"pageStart":"668","pageEnd":"673","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1067/mpd.2001.112249","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52135594"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1067/mpd.2001.112249"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11343041"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q52135594"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/eating-attitudes-and-habitual-calcium-intake-in-peripubertal-girls-are-associate-reckrcflqrd7uoaq2/","name":"Eating attitudes and habitual calcium intake in peripubertal girls are associated  with initial bone mineral content and its change over 2 years","headline":"Eating attitudes and habitual calcium intake in peripubertal girls are associated  with initial bone mineral content and its change over 2 years","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/eating-attitudes-and-habitual-calcium-intake-in-peripubertal-girls-are-associate-reckrcflqrd7uoaq2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan I Barr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8701-7152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M A Petit","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8390-0773","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y M Vigna","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8840-192X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2001-05-09","abstract":"This 2-year prospective study examined associations among bone mineral acquisition and physical, maturational, and lifestyle variables during the pubertal transition in healthy girls. Forty-five girls, initially 10.5+/-0.6 years, participated. Body composition and bone mineral content (BMC) at the spine and total body (TB) were assessed at baseline and annually thereafter using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Nutrient intakes were assessed using 3-day diet records and a calcium food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), physical activity by questionnaire, sexual maturation using Tanner's stages of breast and pubic hair maturation, growth by height and weight, and eating attitudes using the children's Eating Attitudes Test (Children's EAT). Mean children's EAT subscale scores (dieting, oral control [OC], and bulimia) were stable over time. Median split of OC subscale scores was used to form high and low OC groups. Groups had similar body composition, dietary intake, activity, and Tanner stage at baseline and 2 years. Using height, weight, and Tanner breast stage as covariates, girls with low OC scores had greater TB BMC at baseline (1452+/-221 g vs. 1387+/-197 g; p = 0.030) and 2 years (2003+/-323 g vs. 1909+/-299 g; p = 0.049) and greater lumbar spine (LS) BMC at 2 years (45.2+/-8.8 g vs. 41.2+/-9.6 g; p = 0.042). In multiple regression analysis, OC score predicted baseline, 2 years, and 2-year change in TB and spinal BMC, contributing 0.9-7.6% to explained variance. Calcium intake predicted baseline, 2 years, and 2-year change in TB BMC, explaining 1.6-5.3% of variance. We conclude that both OC and habitual calcium intake may influence bone mineral acquisition.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Bone and Mineral Research : the Official Journal of the American  Society for Bone and Mineral Research"}}},"pageStart":"940","pageEnd":"947","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1359/jbmr.2001.16.5.940","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30988937"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1359/jbmr.2001.16.5.940"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11341340"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q30988937"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-prospective-randomized-trial-comparing-clomiphene-citrate-with-tamoxifen-citra-recs1hmecrzzqvawg/","name":"A prospective randomized trial comparing clomiphene citrate with tamoxifen citrate for ovulation induction","headline":"A prospective randomized trial comparing clomiphene citrate with tamoxifen citrate for ovulation induction","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-prospective-randomized-trial-comparing-clomiphene-citrate-with-tamoxifen-citra-recs1hmecrzzqvawg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mishell DR Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Daniel R. Mishell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert Boostanfar","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John K Jain","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Paulson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Children's Hospital of Los Angeles","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00412ts95"}}],"datePublished":"2001-05-04","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To compare the rates of ovulation and pregnancy after tamoxifen citrate (TMX) or clomiphene citrate (CC) among anovulatory women with infertility.\n\nDESIGN: Prospective randomized trial.\n\nSETTING: Infertility clinic in a university teaching hospital.\n\nPATIENT(S): Eighty-six anovulatory women under 40 years of age undergoing ovulation induction.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): The women were assigned randomly to receive either TMX or CC on cycle days 5-9.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Rates of ovulation and pregnancy for the two treatment modalities.\n\nRESULTS(S): The overall rate of ovulation in the TMX group was 50 of 113 (44.2%) and in the CC group, 41 of 91 (45.1%). There were 10 pregnancies in the TMX group and 6 pregnancies in the CC group. The cycle fecundity per ovulatory cycle was 20.0% in the TMX group and 14.6% in the CC group.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): The overall rate of ovulation and pregnancy were similar with TMX and CC. TMX is a suitable alternative agent to CC in the management of anovulatory infertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"75","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1024","pageEnd":"1026","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(01)01749-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33945332"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(01)01749-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11334921"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33945332"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/allopregnanolone-levels-and-reactivity-to-mental-stress-in-premenstrual-dysphori-recqkdt8x9offqron/","name":"Allopregnanolone levels and reactivity to mental stress in premenstrual dysphoric disorder","headline":"Allopregnanolone levels and reactivity to mental stress in premenstrual dysphoric disorder","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/allopregnanolone-levels-and-reactivity-to-mental-stress-in-premenstrual-dysphori-recqkdt8x9offqron/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan S Girdler","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0190-0938","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cort A Pedersen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3194-0025","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A L Morrow","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4441-956X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kathleen C Light","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patricia A Straneva","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 27599-7175, USA. susan_girdler@med.unc.edu","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}}],"datePublished":"2001-05-02","abstract":"BACKGROUND: This study was designed to examine basal and stress-induced levels of the neuroactive progesterone metabolite, allopregnanolone, in women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) and healthy control subjects. Also, because evidence suggests that allopregnanolone negatively modulates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, plasma cortisol levels were examined. An additional goal was to investigate the relationship between premenstrual symptom severity and luteal phase allopregnanolone levels.\n\nMETHODS: Twenty-four women meeting prospective criteria for PMDD were compared with 12 controls during both the follicular and luteal phases of confirmed ovulatory cycles, counterbalancing phase at first testing. Plasma allopregnanolone and cortisol were sampled after an extended baseline period and again 17 min following the onset of mental stress. Owing to low follicular phase allopregnanolone levels, only luteal phase allopregnanolone and cortisol were analyzed.\n\nRESULTS: During the luteal phase, PMDD women had significantly greater allopregnanolone levels, coupled with significantly lower cortisol levels, during both baseline and mental stress. Moreover, significantly more controls (83%) showed the expected stress-induced increases in allopregnanolone compared with PMDD women (42%). Premenstrual dysphoric disorder women also exhibited a significantly greater allopregnanolone/progesterone ratio than control subjects, suggesting alterations in the metabolic pathways involved in the conversion of progesterone to allopregnanolone. Finally, PMDD women with greater levels of premenstrual anxiety and irritability had significantly reduced allopregnanolone levels in the luteal phase relative to less symptomatic PMDD women. No relationship between symptom severity and allopregnanolone was observed in controls.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: These results suggest dysregulation of allopregnanolone mechanisms in PMDD and that continued investigations into a potential pathophysiologic role of allopregnanolone in PMDD are warranted.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"49","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Biological Psychiatry"}}},"pageStart":"788","pageEnd":"797","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3223(00)01044-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43593944"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0006-3223(00)01044-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11331087"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43593944"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/one-year-prophylactic-treatment-of-euthyroid-hashimotos-thyroiditis-patients-wit-reck8mmzgggudgjn8/","name":"One-year prophylactic treatment of euthyroid Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients with levothyroxine: is there a benefit?","headline":"One-year prophylactic treatment of euthyroid Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients with levothyroxine: is there a benefit?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/one-year-prophylactic-treatment-of-euthyroid-hashimotos-thyroiditis-patients-wit-reck8mmzgggudgjn8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S Padberg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2780-7598","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Goethe University Frankfurt","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04cvxnb49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K H Usadel","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Goethe University Frankfurt","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04cvxnb49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P.-M. Schumm-Draeger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical Clinic I, Endocrinology, Center of Internal Medicine, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P.‐M. Schumm‐Draeger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Goethe University Frankfurt","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04cvxnb49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Heller","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Goethe University Frankfurt","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04cvxnb49"}}],"datePublished":"2001-05-01","abstract":"Studies in animal models of spontaneous Hashimoto's autoimmune thyroiditis (HT) show that prophylactic treatment with levothyroxine (LT4) can reduce incidence and degree of lymphocytic infiltration in HT. The aim of the present study was to clarify whether there is a benefit of prophylactic treatment with LT4 in patients with euthyroid HT with respect to the progression of the autoimmune process. Twenty-one patients with euthyroid HT were checked for thyroid function (thyrotropin [TSH], free triiodothyronine [FT3], free thyroxine [FT4]), thyroid volume, antibodies (thyroglobulin [Tg-Ab], thyroid peroxidase [TPO-Ab]), and lymphocyte subsets. Peripheral (PBL) and thyroid-derived lymphocytes (TL) were analyzed by triple color flow cytometry. One-half of the patients with euthyroid HT were treated with LT4 for 1 year (n = 10). The other half (n = 11) were never treated with LT4. TL were obtained by fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB). Thirteen healthy subjects (C) without medical history of thyroid disease served as controls concerning PBL, and patients with non-toxic nodular goiter (NG; n = 10) served as controls concerning TL. Thyroid-derived T-helper cells were found more frequently in euthyroid patients with HT compared to patients with NG (p < 0.01). After 1 year of therapy with LT4, TPO-Abs and B lymphocytes decreased significantly only in the treated group of euthyroid patients with HT (p < 0.05). In contrast, TPO-Abs levels did not change or even increased in untreated euthyroid patients with HT. Thyroid volume did not differ before and after therapy. Prophylactic treatment of euthyroid patients with HT reduced both serological and cellular markers of autoimmune thyroiditis. Therefore, prophylactic LT4 treatment might be useful to stop the progression or even manifestation of the disease. However, the long-term clinical benefit of prophylactic LT4 therapy in euthyroid patients with HT is yet to be established.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Thyroid : Official Journal of the American Thyroid Association"}}},"pageStart":"249","pageEnd":"255","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1089/105072501750159651","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43591365"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1089/105072501750159651"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11327616"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43591365"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/maternal-serum-tumor-necrosis-factor-alpha-in-patients-with-preterm-labor-recfe1skdfnhukart/","name":"Maternal serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha in patients with preterm labor","headline":"Maternal serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha in patients with preterm labor","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/maternal-serum-tumor-necrosis-factor-alpha-in-patients-with-preterm-labor-recfe1skdfnhukart/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Gücer F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Balkanli-Kaplan P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yüksel M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yüce MA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yardim T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Türe M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2441-5636"}],"datePublished":"2001-04-18","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate maternal serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha) levels in patients with preterm labor without clinical signs of chorioamnionitis and to compare these with levels in nonlaboring controls.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: The study group consisted of 44 patients with a singleton pregnancy admitted to our department with the diagnosis of preterm labor between 26 and 36 weeks' gestation. The control group consisted of 25 healthy consecutive patients with a singleton pregnancy without preterm contractions who were seen for routine antenatal visits. Maternal serum TNF alpha was measured using a solid-phase, two-site chemiluminescent enzyme immunometric assay method, and levels were compared in patients with preterm labor and nonlaboring controls.\n\nRESULTS: The median maternal serum TNF alpha level for patients with preterm labor was 29.4 pg/mL (range, 12.3-173) as compared with 23 pg/mL (range, 11.9-62.7) in the control group (P = .031). Among 44 patients with preterm labor, 14 (32%) delivered within one week of admission. The median maternal serum TNF alpha level was significantly higher in patients who delivered within one week than in those who delivered after one week and controls (71.3 pg/mL [range, 28-173]) versus 22 pg/mL (range, 12.3-86) versus 23 pg/mL (range, 11.9-62.7) (P < .0001).\n\nCONCLUSION: TNF alpha was elevated in patients with preterm labor, suggesting a role for maternal serum TNF alpha in its initiation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"46","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"232","pageEnd":"236","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/neuromodulation-in-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-recxdymsxwc3zv2sk/","name":"Neuromodulation in polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"Neuromodulation in polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/neuromodulation-in-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-recxdymsxwc3zv2sk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"T L Loucks","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7651-7602","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pittsburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarah L Berga","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1885-0401","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wake Forest University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0207ad724"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B N Kalro","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Departments of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Services, Magee-Womens Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, USA."}}],"datePublished":"2001-04-11","abstract":"Although central and peripheral factors have been implicated in the neuromodulation of GnRH in PCOS, there are no definitive or conclusive data to establish a primary causal role for any one factor. Because increased GnRH pulse frequency is at least a contributor to the secretion of excess LH and insufficient FSH that are the proximate cause of chronic anovulation in PCOS, strategies to slow the GnRH pulse generator are likely to promote ovulation in women with PCOS. Several pharmacologic agents, such as dopamine agonists and antagonists, have been tried, but the lack of consistent effects in women with PCOS limits their clinical utility. Current treatment strategies include the use of the combined oral contraceptive pills, antiandrogens or androgen receptor blockers, and insulin sensitizers. Oral contraceptive preparations are effective in suppressing ovarian hyperandrogenemia, regulating menstrual cycles, and reducing the risk of endometrial hyperplasia. Androgen blockade and antiandrogens provide symptomatic relief from androgen-induced acne and hirsutism and have been reported to restore ovulation in women with PCOS. Whether this effect is mediated peripherally or centrally remains to be clarified. The most recent class of pharmacologic agents to gain popularity are the \"insulin modifiers.\" With increasing evidence that insulin resistance constitutes a key metabolic element, it seems logical that improving insulin sensitivity and glucose disposal might wholly, or partially, reverse certain features of PCOS, including anovulation. To date, insulin modifiers have proved most promising in improving the clinical features and promoting fertility, but whether this effect is centrally mediated is yet to be elucidated.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"28","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America"}}},"pageStart":"35","pageEnd":"62","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0889-8545(05)70184-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34212203"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0889-8545(05)70184-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11293003"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34212203"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/serum-human-chorionic-gonadotropin-levels-are-correlated-with-body-mass-index-ra-rec2xdjgcnsswebkl/","name":"Serum human chorionic gonadotropin levels are correlated with body mass index rather than route of administration in women undergoing in vitro fertilization--embryo transfer using human menopausal gonadotropin and intracytoplasmic sperm injection","headline":"Serum human chorionic gonadotropin levels are correlated with body mass index rather than route of administration in women undergoing in vitro fertilization--embryo transfer using human menopausal gonadotropin and intracytoplasmic sperm injection","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/serum-human-chorionic-gonadotropin-levels-are-correlated-with-body-mass-index-ra-rec2xdjgcnsswebkl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen Elkind‐Hirsch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3577-4009","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Texas Medical Association","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04ztvme64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Bello","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5187-8097","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Texas Medical Association","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04ztvme64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K E Elkind-Hirsch","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Reproduction at Gramercy, MacGregor Medical Association, Texas, Houston, USA. res-keh@womans.com"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Esparcia","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Texas Medical Association","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04ztvme64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M McNichol","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Texas Medical Association","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04ztvme64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Phillips","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5345-7464","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Texas Medical Association","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04ztvme64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Sheiko","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1676-0480","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Texas Medical Association","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04ztvme64"}}],"datePublished":"2001-04-05","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To compare subcutaneous (SC) and intramuscular (IM) hCG administration and their association with body mass index (BMI) in women undergoing IVF-ET using hMG and ICSI.\n\nDESIGN: Prospective, randomized controlled trial.\n\nSETTING: Private infertility clinic.\n\nPATIENT(S): Twenty-one ovulatory women, 29-39 years, were enrolled. Treatment of one patient who failed to respond to hMG was canceled.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): A standard IVF-ET treatment plan using an initial dose of 300 U of hMG was followed. Patients were randomly assigned to receive 10,000 IU hCG, either IM in the gluteal region or SC in the lower abdomen. Exactly 12 hours later, serum for hCG determination was obtained. All oocytes were fertilized using ICSI technology.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Human chorionic gonadotropin levels 12 hours after injection, BMI, and oocyte maturity.\n\nRESULT(S): No significant differences in hCG levels were found, with mean levels of 225 +/- 24 mIU/mL for SC injection versus 213 +/- 26 mIU/mL for IM injection. No differences were observed in the percentage of mature oocytes. A significant negative correlation was found between BMI and hCG levels in all patients, regardless of route of administration.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): The highest levels of hCG were measured in women with the lowest BMI. Patients' body size, rather than route of hCG delivery, appears to determine circulating levels of hCG.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"75","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"700","pageEnd":"704","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(00)01790-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43564885"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(00)01790-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11287022"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43564885"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/acceptability-of-home-monitoring-as-an-aid-to-conception-rectsqj2cj0eogoqh/","name":"Acceptability of home monitoring as an aid to conception","headline":"Acceptability of home monitoring as an aid to conception","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/acceptability-of-home-monitoring-as-an-aid-to-conception-rectsqj2cj0eogoqh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Severy Lj","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Florida","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y3ad647"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"LJ Severy","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA"}}],"datePublished":"2001-03-30","abstract":"This paper considers the concept of consumer acceptance of medical products and its importance to successful healthcare provision. The critical dimensions ('domains') of acceptance for a product designed to assist family planning, and the importance of using high-quality psychometric scales to assess these domains, are discussed. Qualitative and quantitative data from acceptance studies with a personal contraceptive monitor, PERSONA, are presented. These data indicate that the monitor is user-friendly and acceptable to couples, and underline the importance of user acceptability for home monitors designed to assist family planning--including those used for conception purposes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"29 Suppl 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1_suppl","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of International Medical Research"}}},"pageStart":"28A-34A","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/14732300010290S105","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73690822"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/14732300010290S105"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11277340"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73690822"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/neonatal-outcome-of-spontaneous-and-assisted-twin-pregnancies-rectcqcdfz3dalv2i/","name":"Neonatal outcome of spontaneous and assisted twin pregnancies","headline":"Neonatal outcome of spontaneous and assisted twin pregnancies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/neonatal-outcome-of-spontaneous-and-assisted-twin-pregnancies-rectcqcdfz3dalv2i/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"B Crescimbini","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Maragliano","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M E Scapillati","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Tortorolo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A A Zuppa","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}}],"datePublished":"2001-03-27","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: Over the last 10 years, diffusion of assisted reproduction techniques (ovarian stimulation, IVF, GIFT) has led to an increased incidence of multiple pregnancies and consequently, of the related obstetric-neonatal problems. In this study, multiple births have been studied, with particular reference to the twin births occurring in the Gemelli hospital, Rome. The hospital is also a reference centre for obstetric pathologies and infertility treatment. In particular, attention has been focused on neonatal outcome, comparing twins born from spontaneous and assisted pregnancies.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: 228 neonates from spontaneous twin pregnancies and 32 from assisted twin pregnancies were taken into consideration with regard to: premature birth, low birth-weight, intrauterine growth retardation, weight discordance, Apgar score, major neonatal diseases, and mortality.\n\nRESULTS: Results showed a significant higher incidence of prematurity and low birth-weight, as well as a significant lower gestational age, occurring more frequently in twins resulting from assisted pregnancies than in twins from spontaneous pregnancies. Furthermore, the incidence of severe depression at birth and respiratory disease was significantly higher in twins from assisted pregnancies than in those from spontaneous pregnancies, despite similar gestational age and birth-weight.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"95","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology"}}},"pageStart":"68","pageEnd":"72","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0301-2115(00)00372-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44223656"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0301-2115(00)00372-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11267723"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44223656"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polycystic-ovary-syndrome-new-perspective-on-an-old-problem-recavqo2mpomtp9sn/","name":"Polycystic ovary syndrome: new perspective on an old problem","headline":"Polycystic ovary syndrome: new perspective on an old problem","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polycystic-ovary-syndrome-new-perspective-on-an-old-problem-recavqo2mpomtp9sn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Slowey MJ"}],"datePublished":"2001-03-10","abstract":"Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age. New treatment approaches resulting from a refined understanding of the pathophysiology are evolving. The literature shows that PCOS is an endocrinopathy resulting from insulin resistance and the compensatory hyperinsulinemia. This results in adverse effects on multiple organ systems and may result in alteration in serum lipids, anovulation, abnormal uterine bleeding, and infertility. In addition, PCOS may place the patient at long-term risk for the development of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, endometrial cancer, and cardiovascular disease. Oral contraceptives, progestins, antiandrogens, and ovulation induction agents remain standard therapies. However, insulin-sensitizing agents are now being shown to be useful alone or combined with standard therapies. Early identification of patients at risk and prompt initiation of therapies, followed by long-term surveillance and management, may promote the patient's long-term health.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"94","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Southern Medical Journal"}}},"pageStart":"190","pageEnd":"196","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/physiologic-effects-of-lowering-caloric-intake-in-nonhuman-primates-and-nonobese-reci93qjetqjtjlq9/","name":"Physiologic effects of lowering caloric intake in nonhuman primates and nonobese humans","headline":"Physiologic effects of lowering caloric intake in nonhuman primates and nonobese humans","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/physiologic-effects-of-lowering-caloric-intake-in-nonhuman-primates-and-nonobese-reci93qjetqjtjlq9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S B Roberts","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2655-4987","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jean Mayer Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01d0zz505"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"X. Pi-Sunyer"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Xavier Pi‐Sunyer"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lewis H Kuller","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7148-8416","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05cf8a891"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M A Lane","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3671-2515","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institute on Aging","sameAs":"https://ror.org/049v75w11"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"PT Ellison","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sue A. Shapses","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3128-2325","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57"}}],"datePublished":"2001-03-01","abstract":"Caloric restriction (CR) reduces the rate of aging and increases life span in all small animal species studied to date, but the effects of CR in humans remain uncertain. This review summarizes current knowledge of the effects of CR in nonhuman primates and humans. The results suggest that CR has a range of beneficial effects in nonhuman primates studied under laboratory conditions, and short-term markers of CR seen in animal models appear to occur in humans subject to CR also. However, the overall benefit of CR in human populations remains to be established, and studies in human populations are needed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"56 Spec No 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"Supplement 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"}}},"pageStart":"66","pageEnd":"75","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/56.suppl_1.66","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34712101"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/gerona/56.suppl_1.66"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12088214"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34712101"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-estrogen-replacement-therapy-versus-placebo-for-hot-flushes-a-systematic-re-s7fsqpvb/","name":"Oral estrogen replacement therapy versus placebo for hot flushes: a systematic review","headline":"Oral estrogen replacement therapy versus placebo for hot flushes: a systematic review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-estrogen-replacement-therapy-versus-placebo-for-hot-flushes-a-systematic-re-s7fsqpvb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"MacLennan A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lester S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Moore V"}],"datePublished":"2001-03-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To examine the effectiveness of oral hormone replacement therapy (HRT) with regard to hot flushes and night sweats, which are vasomotor symptoms commonly experienced by menopausal women.\n\nMETHODS: Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trials of oral HRT for at least 3 months' duration and reporting vasomotor outcomes were identified using a search strategy developed by the Menstrual Disorders Group and Subfertility Group of the Cochrane Collaboration. Twenty-one trials meeting the selection criteria were included in the review. Study participants totalled 2511. Trial duration ranged from 3 months to 3 years.\n\nRESULTS: There was a significant reduction in the weekly hot flush frequency for HRT compared with placebo (weighted mean difference -17.46, 95% confidence interval (CI) -24.72 to -10.21). This was equivalent to a 77% reduction in frequency (95% CI 58.2-87.5) for HRT relative to placebo. Symptom severity was also significantly reduced compared with placebo (odds ratio (OR) 0.13, 95% CI 0.08-0.22). Withdrawal for lack of efficacy occurred significantly more often with placebo therapy (OR 17.25, 95% CI 8.23-36.15). Withdrawal for adverse events, commonly breast tenderness, edema, joint pain and psychological symptoms, was not significantly increased for HRT (OR 1.38, 95% CI 0.87-2.21). In women who were randomized to placebo treatment, a 50.8% (95% CI 41.7-58.5) reduction in hot flushes was observed between baseline and the end of the study.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Oral HRT is highly effective in alleviating hot flushes and night sweats. Owing to the marked effect seen with placebo treatment, it is important to compare therapies purported to alleviate vasomotor symptoms with a placebo or an established therapy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Climacteric : the journal of the International Menopause Society"}}},"pageStart":"58","pageEnd":"74","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34265629","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11379379"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34265629"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevalence-of-depressive-symptoms-in-late-pregnancy-and-postpartum-rect7hk5gyvtmfpxm/","name":"Prevalence of depressive symptoms in late pregnancy and postpartum","headline":"Prevalence of depressive symptoms in late pregnancy and postpartum","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevalence-of-depressive-symptoms-in-late-pregnancy-and-postpartum-rect7hk5gyvtmfpxm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ann Josefsson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3238-3811","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Linköping University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ynxx418"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gunilla Sydsjö","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4296-4038","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Linköping University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ynxx418"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Göran Berg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9390-6124","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Linköping University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ynxx418"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Conny Nordin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Linköping University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ynxx418"}}],"datePublished":"2001-02-24","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Postnatal depression refers to a non-psychotic depressive episode that begins in or extends into the postpartum period. The aims of this study were to examine the prevalence of depressive symptoms in a pregnant and later postnatal population, to determine the natural course of these symptoms and whether there is an association between antenatal and postnatal depressive symptomatology.\n\nMETHODS: A longitudinal study with a total population of 1,558 consecutively registered pregnant women in the southeast region of Sweden. Presence of depressive symptoms was measured with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale on four occasions namely in gestational week 35-36, in the maternity ward, 6-8 weeks and 6 months postpartum.\n\nRESULTS: The prevalence of depressive symptoms during late pregnancy was 17%; in the maternity ward 18%; 6-8 weeks postnatally 13%; and 6 months postnatally, 13%. A correlation between antenatal and postnatal depressive symptoms was found (r=0.50, p<0.0001).\n\nCONCLUSION: Detection of women at risk for developing postnatal depressive symptoms can be done during late pregnancy. Antenatal care clinics constitute a natural and useful environment for recognition of women with depressive symptoms.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"80","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica"}}},"pageStart":"251","pageEnd":"255","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0412.2001.080003251.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61061704"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1034/j.1600-0412.2001.080003251.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11207491"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q61061704"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estimation-of-the-prevalence-of-low-bone-density-in-canadian-women-and-men-using-recoouqfjygafl8sn/","name":"Estimation of the prevalence of low bone density in Canadian women and men using  a population-specific DXA reference standard: the Canadian Multicentre  Osteoporosis Study (CaMos)","headline":"Estimation of the prevalence of low bone density in Canadian women and men using  a population-specific DXA reference standard: the Canadian Multicentre  Osteoporosis Study (CaMos)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estimation-of-the-prevalence-of-low-bone-density-in-canadian-women-and-men-using-recoouqfjygafl8sn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Alan Tenenhouse","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nancy Kreiger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Poliquin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Coordinating Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fzvsb30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Blondeau","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4641-0673"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudie Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5499-2661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Hanley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"CaMos Research Group.Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lawrence Joseph","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3321-0587","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Timothy M Murray","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7060-980X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}}],"datePublished":"2001-02-24","abstract":"The Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos) is a prospective cohort study which will measure the incidence and prevalence of osteoporosis and fractures, and the effect of putative risk factors, in a random sample of 10,061 women and men aged > or = 25 years recruited in approximately equal numbers in nine centers across Canada. In this paper we report the results of studies to establish peak bone mass (PBM) which would be appropriate reference data for use in Canada. These reference data are used to estimate the prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia in Canadian women and men aged > or = 50 years. Participants were recruited via randomly selected household telephone listings. Bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine and femoral neck were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry using Hologic QDR 1000 or 2000 or Lunar DPX densitometers. BMD results for lumbar spine and femoral neck were converted to a Hologic base. BMD of the lumbar spine in 578 women and 467 men was constant to age 39 years giving a PBM of 1.042 +/- 0.121 g/cm2 for women and 1.058 +/- 0.127 g/cm2 for men. BMD at the femoral neck declined from age 29 years. The mean femoral neck BMD between 25 and 29 years was taken as PBM and was found to be 0.857 +/- 0.125 g/cm2 for women and 0.910 +/- 0.125 g/cm2 for men. Prevalence of osteoporosis, as defined by WHO criteria, in Canadian women aged > or = 50 years was 12.1% at the lumbar spine and 7.9% at the femoral neck with a combined prevalence of 15.8%. In men it was 2.9% at the lumbar spine and 4.8% at the femoral neck with a combined prevalence of 6.6%.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Osteoporosis International : a Journal Established As Result of Cooperation  Between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis  Foundation of the USA"}}},"pageStart":"897","pageEnd":"904","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s001980070050","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38525365"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s001980070050"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11199195"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38525365"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-an-aromatase-inhibitor-for-induction-of-ovulation-in-patients-with-an-ina-recrm4nuslexvrgvn/","name":"Use of an aromatase inhibitor for induction of ovulation in patients with an inadequate response to clomiphene citrate","headline":"Use of an aromatase inhibitor for induction of ovulation in patients with an inadequate response to clomiphene citrate","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-an-aromatase-inhibitor-for-induction-of-ovulation-in-patients-with-an-ina-recrm4nuslexvrgvn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mohamed F Mitwally","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, and The Samuel Lununfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert F Casper","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6249-462X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}}],"datePublished":"2001-02-15","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To use aromatase inhibition for induction of ovulation in women in whom clomiphene citrate (CC) treatment was unsuccessful.\n\nDESIGN: Prospective trial in infertility patients treated with CC.\n\nSETTING: Two tertiary-referral infertility clinics associated with the Division of Reproductive Sciences, University of Toronto.\n\nPATIENT(S): Twelve patients with anovulatory polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and 10 patients with ovulatory infertility, all of whom had previously received CC with an inadequate outcome (no ovulation and/or endometrial thickness of < or =0.5 cm).\n\nINTERVENTION(S): The aromatase inhibitor letrozole was given orally in a dose of 2.5 mg on days 3-7 after menses.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Occurrence of ovulation, endometrial thickness, and pregnancy rates.\n\nRESULT(S): With CC treatment in patients with PCOS, ovulation occurred in 8 of 18 cycles (44.4%), and all ovulatory cycles for the women included in this study had endometrial thickness of < or =0.5 cm. In 10 ovulatory patients, 15 CC cycles resulted in a mean number of 2.5 mature follicles, but all cycles had endometrial thickness of < or =0.5 cm on the day of hCG administration. With letrozole treatment in the same patients with PCOS, ovulation occurred in 9 of 12 cycles (75%) and pregnancy was achieved in 3 patients (25%). In the 10 patients with ovulatory infertility, letrozole treatment resulted in a mean number of 2.3 mature follicles and mean endometrial thickness of 0.8 cm. Pregnancy was achieved in 1 patient (10%).\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Oral administration of the aromatase inhibitor letrozole is effective for ovulation induction in anovulatory infertility and for increased follicle recruitment in ovulatory infertility. Letrozole appears to avoid the unfavorable effects on the endometrium frequently seen with antiestrogen use for ovulation induction.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"75","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"305","pageEnd":"309","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(00)01705-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31924520"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(00)01705-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11172831"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q31924520"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metformin-increases-the-ovulatory-rate-and-pregnancy-rate-from-clomiphene-citrat-rec9e3prvyqzjaepo/","name":"Metformin increases the ovulatory rate and pregnancy rate from clomiphene citrate in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome who are resistant to clomiphene citrate alone","headline":"Metformin increases the ovulatory rate and pregnancy rate from clomiphene citrate in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome who are resistant to clomiphene citrate alone","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metformin-increases-the-ovulatory-rate-and-pregnancy-rate-from-clomiphene-citrat-rec9e3prvyqzjaepo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Valerie Ratts","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4083-7617","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Washington University in St. Louis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W S Evans","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5300-369X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Virginia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0153tk833"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S W Kauma","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/057xmsr27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John E Nestler","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/057xmsr27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D W Stovall","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duquesne University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02336z538"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D T Vandermolen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, USA."}}],"datePublished":"2001-02-15","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine whether metformin treatment increases the ovulation and pregnancy rates in response to clomiphene citrate (CC) in women who are resistant to CC alone.\n\nDESIGN: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.\n\nSETTING: Multicenter environment.\n\nPATIENT(S): Anovulatory women with the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) who were resistant to CC.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Participants received placebo or metformin, 500 mg three times daily, for 7 weeks. Information on reproductive steroids, gonadotropins, and oral glucose tolerance testing was obtained at baseline and after treatment. Metformin or placebo was continued and CC treatment was begun at 50 mg daily for 5 days. Serum P level > or =4 ng/mL was considered to indicate ovulation. With ovulation, the daily CC dose was not changed, but with anovulation it was increased by 50 mg for the next cycle. Patients completed the study when they had had six ovulatory cycles, became pregnant, or experienced anovulation while receiving 150 mg of CC.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Ovulation and pregnancy rates.\n\nRESULT(S): In the metformin and placebo groups, 9 of 12 participants (75%) and 4 of 15 participants (27%) ovulated, and 6 of 11 participants (55%) and 1 of 14 participants (7%) conceived, respectively. Comparisons between the groups were significant.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): In anovulatory women with PCOS who are resistant to CC, metformin use significantly increased the ovulation rate and pregnancy rate from CC treatment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"75","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"310","pageEnd":"315","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(00)01675-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31924533"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(00)01675-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11172832"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q31924533"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/postlaparoscopic-small-bowel-obstruction-secondary-to-unrecognized-nodular-endom-recavdztz01lczqo8/","name":"Postlaparoscopic small bowel obstruction secondary to unrecognized nodular endometriosis of the terminal ileum","headline":"Postlaparoscopic small bowel obstruction secondary to unrecognized nodular endometriosis of the terminal ileum","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/postlaparoscopic-small-bowel-obstruction-secondary-to-unrecognized-nodular-endom-recavdztz01lczqo8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"W P Dmowski","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00xcryt71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Jafari"},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Rana"}],"datePublished":"2001-02-15","abstract":"Small bowel involvement by endometriosis occurs in about 0.5% of patients, but nodular endometriosis involving the entire wall of the terminal ileum is extremely rare. Endometriotic nodules protruding into the intestinal lumen may lead to chronic, partial, or acute complete small bowel obstruction and associated clinical changes. If obstruction is partial, preoperative diagnosis is difficult and seldom suspected, and no reliable diagnostic tests are available. At laparoscopic surgery, performed typically for associated pelvic endometriosis, bowel lesions may easily be overlooked, especially in women with abdominal adhesions from earlier surgery. Surgical injury, tension tears, or postoperative edema may contribute in such cases to the development of acute, complete small bowel obstruction, which may be difficult to differentiate from postoperative ileus. The patient may deteriorate rapidly and develop abdominal sepsis and multiple organ failure with high risk of mortality. Because of increased production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha by autologous monocytes, endometriosis may predispose to development of severe sepsis and septic shock. (J Am Assoc Gynecol Laparosc 8(1):161-166, 2001)","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of the American Association of Gynecologic Laparoscopists"}}},"pageStart":"161","pageEnd":"166","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s1074-3804(05)60569-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73426996"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s1074-3804(05)60569-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11172135"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73426996"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/multicenter-study-of-the-lactational-amenorrhea-method-lam-iii-effectiveness-dur-recu2vvafv67z0ive/","name":"Multicenter study of the lactational amenorrhea method (LAM) III: effectiveness,  duration, and satisfaction with reduced client-provider contact","headline":"Multicenter study of the lactational amenorrhea method (LAM) III: effectiveness,  duration, and satisfaction with reduced client-provider contact","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/multicenter-study-of-the-lactational-amenorrhea-method-lam-iii-effectiveness-dur-recu2vvafv67z0ive/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Annika Peterson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Peŕez-Escamilla"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M H Labbok","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9515-3963","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"V Hight","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Van Look","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"World Health Organization","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01f80g185"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H von Hertzen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"World Health Organization","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01f80g185"}}],"datePublished":"2001-02-15","abstract":"The objective of this effort was to assess the use and efficacy of the Lactational Amenorrhea Method (LAM) with reduced numbers of client-provider contacts. A co-sponsored multicenter study of LAM was performed to test the efficacy and acceptability of the method under \"post-marketing\" conditions, with investigator-initiated contact occurring only twice: at the time of intake and then again at month 7 of postpartum. These data are assumed to provide an assessment of LAM's use, efficacy, and performance that more closely reflects the prevailing conditions of these populations during normal use. Three hundred and sixty-two subjects were recruited through centers that had participated in the previous, more contact-intensive studies. Using a cooperatively developed protocol, data were gathered prospectively on at least 10 and up to 50 LAM acceptors at nine sites, and entered and cleaned on site. Data were further cleaned and analyzed at the Georgetown University Institute for Reproductive Health (IRH) and the Department of Nutrition at the University of Connecticut. Using country-level and pooled data, descriptive statistics and life tables were produced. LAM efficacy in this sample is 100% because there were no pregnancies at any of the participating sites. Satisfaction with the method was high, and the rate of continuation on to another method after LAM was 66.7% at 7 months postpartum. Of the women who had never used family planning prior to LAM, 63.0% went on to use another method of family planning in a timely manner. LAM can be highly effective as an introductory postpartum family planning method when offered in a variety of cultures, health care settings, and industrial and developing country locales. Under conditions of limited client-provider contact, LAM remains effective and leads to acceptance of another method by about two-thirds of the acceptors. Women are able to use LAM effectively without extensive counseling or follow-up, with a high level of user satisfaction.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"62","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"221","pageEnd":"230","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0010-7824(00)00171-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47642844"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0010-7824(00)00171-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11172792"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47642844"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gstm1-null-polymorphism-and-susceptibility-to-endometriosis-and-ovarian-cancer-recsmh5tvvlbbkemk/","name":"GSTM1 null polymorphism and susceptibility to endometriosis and ovarian cancer","headline":"GSTM1 null polymorphism and susceptibility to endometriosis and ovarian cancer","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gstm1-null-polymorphism-and-susceptibility-to-endometriosis-and-ovarian-cancer-recsmh5tvvlbbkemk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S W Baxter","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5773-6578","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02a8bt934"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"I G Campbell"},{"@type":"Person","name":"E J Thomas","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3674-3573","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southampton","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543"}}],"datePublished":"2001-02-13","abstract":"It is likely that heritable genetic factors contribute to the development of endometriosis, which is a putative precursor of the endometrioid and clear cell histological subtypes of ovarian cancer. The phase II glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are a family of enzymes responsible for metabolism of a broad range of xenobiotics and carcinogens. Allelic variants of GSTs that have impaired detoxification function may increase the rate of genetic damage and thereby increase the susceptibility to cancer. The null genetic polymorphism in the gene encoding the GST class mu (GSTM1) enzyme has been reported to be significantly elevated in endometriosis patients and may represent an endometriosis susceptibility allele. In this study the frequency of the GSTM1 null genotype was investigated in 84 cases of endometriosis, 293 cases of ovarian cancer and 219 controls. All cases and controls were derived from women resident in the south east of England. The frequency of the GSTM1 null allele was not over-represented in the endometriosis patients (47.6%) compared with the controls (48.9%) (P = 0.898). In the ovarian cancer group the GSTM1 null genotype was significantly elevated compared with controls (59.0 versus 48.9%, P = 0.025). When stratified according to histological subtype a significantly increased GSTM1 null genotype was only observed for the endometrioid (65.4%, P = 0.013) and the combined endometrioid/clear cell ovarian cancers (67.0%, P = 0.004). We conclude that the GSTM1 null allele is not an endometriosis susceptibility allele, however, it may predispose endometriotic lesions to malignant transformation to endometrioid and clear cell ovarian cancer.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Carcinogenesis"}}},"pageStart":"63","pageEnd":"65","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/carcin/22.1.63","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31835324"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/carcin/22.1.63"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11159742"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q31835324"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/current-concepts-in-the-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-reckq8zayqf4sgilu/","name":"Current concepts in the polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"Current concepts in the polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/current-concepts-in-the-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-reckq8zayqf4sgilu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrea Dunaif","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4903-9374","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alun Thomas","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0550-258X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University Press","sameAs":"https://ror.org/006v7bf86"}}],"datePublished":"2001-02-13","abstract":"Over the past 20 years, it has been clearly documented that the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has major metabolic sequelae related to insulin resistance and that insulin resistance plays an important role in the pathogenesis of the reproductive disturbances of the disorder. Family studies have indicated a genetic susceptibility to PCOS. Polycystic ovaries and hyperandrogenemia are present in approximately 50% of sisters of affected women. Increased androgen secretion and insulin resistance persist in cultured theca cells and skin fibroblasts, respectively, from women with PCOS; this finding suggests that these are intrinsic, presumably genetic, defects. Insulin resistance and elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels also cluster in the sisters of women with PCOS, consistent with genetic traits. Moreover, the brothers of women with PCOS have insulin resistance and elevated dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) levels, which supports a genetic basis for these findings. Family-based studies of linkage and association have implicated several genes in the pathogenesis of PCOS. The strongest evidence to date points to a gene in the region of the insulin receptor. Insulin-sensitizing therapy mitigates the reproductive disturbances of PCOS.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"52","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Annual Review of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"401","pageEnd":"419","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.med.52.1.401","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31842930"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1146/annurev.med.52.1.401"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11160786"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q31842930"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/treatment-for-the-premenstrual-syndrome-with-agnus-castus-fruit-extract-prospect-recxd8fk3s1wifgna/","name":"Treatment for the premenstrual syndrome with agnus castus fruit extract: prospective, randomised, placebo controlled study","headline":"Treatment for the premenstrual syndrome with agnus castus fruit extract: prospective, randomised, placebo controlled study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/treatment-for-the-premenstrual-syndrome-with-agnus-castus-fruit-extract-prospect-recxd8fk3s1wifgna/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R Schellenberg","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"MED Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00vsw8h69"}}],"datePublished":"2001-02-13","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: To compare the efficacy and tolerability of agnus castus fruit (Vitex agnus castus L extract Ze 440) with placebo for women with the premenstrual syndrome.\n\nDESIGN: Randomised, double blind, placebo controlled, parallel group comparison over three menstrual cycles.\n\nSETTING: General medicine community clinics.\n\nPARTICIPANTS: 178 women were screened and 170 were evaluated (active 86; placebo 84). Mean age was 36 years, mean cycle length was 28 days, mean duration of menses was 4.5 days.\n\nINTERVENTIONS: Agnus castus (dry extract tablets) one tablet daily or matching placebo, given for three consecutive cycles.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Main efficacy variable: change from baseline to end point (end of third cycle) in women's self assessment of irritability, mood alteration, anger, headache, breast fullness, and other menstrual symptoms including bloating. Secondary efficacy variables: changes in clinical global impression (severity of condition, global improvement, and risk or benefit) and responder rate (50% reduction in symptoms).\n\nRESULTS: Improvement in the main variable was greater in the active group compared with placebo group (P<0.001). Analysis of the secondary variables showed significant (P<0.001) superiority of active treatment in each of the three global impression items. Responder rates were 52% and 24% for active and placebo, respectively. Seven women reported mild adverse events (four active; three placebo), none of which caused discontinuation of treatment.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Dry extract of agnus castus fruit is an effective and well tolerated treatment for the relief of symptoms of the premenstrual syndrome.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"322","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7279","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.)"}}},"pageStart":"134","pageEnd":"137","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.322.7279.134","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24654650"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj.322.7279.134"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11159568"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q24654650"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-interventions-and-multiple-birth-recyb6xo5tbkgqzwf/","name":"Assisted reproductive interventions and multiple birth","headline":"Assisted reproductive interventions and multiple birth","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assisted-reproductive-interventions-and-multiple-birth-recyb6xo5tbkgqzwf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kenneth Faber"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Leff"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anne M Lynch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6508-8136","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Colorado Denver","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02hh7en24"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert McDuffie"},{"@type":"Person","name":"James Murphy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7066-5575","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Miriam Orleans"}],"datePublished":"2001-02-13","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To investigate the contributions of ovulation-inducing drugs and assisted reproductive technologies to multiple birth.\n\nMETHODS: This historic prospective study was conducted in a cohort of 13,151 women who delivered after 20 weeks' gestation between October 1996 and December 1999. The study setting was a Colorado health maintenance organization. Cases were women who were pregnant as a result of exposure to treatment with either assisted reproductive technologies or ovulation induction in the absence of assisted reproductive technologies. The main outcome measure was multiple birth.\n\nRESULTS: There was a significant association between assisted conception and multiple birth. Compared with women with naturally conceived pregnancies, there was a 25-fold likelihood (95% confidence interval 18, 35, P <.001) of multiple birth among women exposed to any of those treatments. In the total cohort the proportion of multiple births attributable to those treatments was 33%. After adjusting for the use of assisted conception and other covariates, we found no association between advanced maternal age and multiple birth.\n\nCONCLUSION: In this cohort, assisted reproductive interventions were strongly associated with multiple birth. Although a higher proportion of older women sought assisted reproductive technologies, we did not find an independent relationship between advanced maternal age and multiple birth. The increasing number of multiple births attributable to assisted conception raises public health concerns regarding multiple gestation-related maternal and infant morbidities.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"97","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"195","pageEnd":"200","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(00)01145-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47643415"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0029-7844(00)01145-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11165581"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47643415"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/multiple-pregnancies-a-call-for-action-rectmyn2tp0lxoaoi/","name":"Multiple pregnancies: a call for action","headline":"Multiple pregnancies: a call for action","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/multiple-pregnancies-a-call-for-action-rectmyn2tp0lxoaoi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"H W JONES","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jones Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01g73y611"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J A Schnorr","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eastern Virginia Medical School","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056hr4255"}}],"datePublished":"2001-02-13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"75","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"11","pageEnd":"13","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(00)01612-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73408121"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(00)01612-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11163806"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73408121"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/continuing-metformin-throughout-pregnancy-in-women-with-polycystic-ovary-syndrom-recvsavqudlpnbsns/","name":"Continuing metformin throughout pregnancy in women with polycystic ovary syndrome appears to safely reduce first-trimester spontaneous abortion: a pilot study","headline":"Continuing metformin throughout pregnancy in women with polycystic ovary syndrome appears to safely reduce first-trimester spontaneous abortion: a pilot study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/continuing-metformin-throughout-pregnancy-in-women-with-polycystic-ovary-syndrom-recvsavqudlpnbsns/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C J Glueck","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7932-9866","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jewish Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01h2jcs31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ping Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8061-6133","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jewish Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01h2jcs31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Cameron","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8646-6490","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jewish Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01h2jcs31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Harvey Phillips","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0512-4590","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jewish Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01h2jcs31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Luann Sieve-Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6546-4653","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jewish Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01h2jcs31"}}],"datePublished":"2001-02-13","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine whether metformin would safely reduce the rate of first-trimester spontaneous abortion without teratogenicity in 19 women with the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).\n\nDESIGN: Prospective pilot study.\n\nSETTING: Outpatient.\n\nPATIENT(S): Twenty-two previously oligoamenorrheic, nondiabetic women with PCOS; 125 women with PCOS who were not currently pregnant and who had > or = 1 previous pregnancy while they were not receiving metformin.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Metformin, 1.5-2.55 g/day, throughout pregnancy.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Rates of first-trimester spontaneous abortion and teratogenicity.\n\nRESULT(S): Before metformin, 10 women had 22 previous pregnancies with 16 first-trimester spontaneous abortions (73%). While receiving metformin, these 10 women had 6 normal live births (60%), 1 spontaneous abortion (10%), and 3 normal ongoing pregnancies (30%) (all > or = 13 weeks; median gestation, 23 weeks). Among women receiving metformin, including those with live births and normal pregnancy for at least the first trimester, 1 of 10 (10%) had first-trimester spontaneous abortion compared with 73% in 22 previous pregnancies without metformin (P<.002). To date, the 19 women receiving metformin have had no adverse maternal side effects, and no birth defects have occurred; 9 (47%) had normal term live births, 2 (11%) had normal and appropriate for gestational age births (one at 33 and one at 35 weeks), 6 (32%) have ongoing normal pregnancies lasting longer than the first trimester, and 2 (10.5%) had first-trimester spontaneous abortions. Sonography showed normal fetal development without congenital defects in the 6 ongoing pregnancies (median gestation, 23 weeks). Among women who received metformin before conception, reductions in insulin and plasminogen activator inhibitor activity were correlated (r=0.65, P=.04).\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Metformin therapy throughout pregnancy in women with PCOS reduces the otherwise high rate of first-trimester spontaneous abortion seen among women not receiving metformin and does not appear to be teratogenic.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"75","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"46","pageEnd":"52","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(00)01666-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31864811"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(00)01666-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11163815"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q31864811"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevalence-of-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-pcos-in-first-degree-relatives-of-patien-rec9awxtht5cfftbe/","name":"Prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in first-degree relatives of patients with PCOS","headline":"Prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in first-degree relatives of patients with PCOS","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevalence-of-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-pcos-in-first-degree-relatives-of-patien-rec9awxtht5cfftbe/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Melissa Kahsar-Miller","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008s83205"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ricardo Azziz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3917-0483","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008s83205"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L R Boots","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008s83205"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R C Go","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008s83205"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Nixon","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008s83205"}}],"datePublished":"2001-02-13","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine the rate of clinically evident polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) among first-degree female relatives within families with a proband affected by PCOS.\n\nDESIGN: Clinical and biochemical evaluation of the mothers and sisters of 93 patients with PCOS. The diagnosis of PCOS was established by: [1] a history of oligomenorrhea, [2] clinical evidence (i.e., hirsutism) or biochemical evidence (i.e., elevated total or free T) of hyperandrogenism, and [3] the exclusion of related disorders.\n\nSETTING: Tertiary care university.\n\nPATIENT(S): Patients with PCOS and their mothers and sisters.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Interview, physical examination, and hormonal testing on blood samples were performed for all subjects.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The presence of hirsutism and hyperandrogenemia was determined in the mothers and sisters of the patients with PCOS.\n\nRESULT(S): Of the 78 mothers and 50 sisters evaluated clinically, 19 (24%) and 16 (32%) were affected with PCOS, respectively. A higher rate of PCOS was observed when only premenopausal women not taking hormones (i.e., untreated) were considered (i.e., 35% of mothers and 40% of sisters), consistent with amelioration of symptoms with hormonal therapy or aging. These rates of PCOS are significantly higher than that observed in our general population (approximately 4%) and suggest the involvement of a major genetic component in the disorder.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): The rates of PCOS in mothers and sisters of patients with PCOS were 24% and 32%, respectively, although the risk was higher when considering untreated premenopausal women only.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"75","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"53","pageEnd":"58","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(00)01662-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31864825"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(00)01662-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11163816"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q31864825"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-melatonin-in-perimenopausal-and-menopausal-women-a-randomized-and-pla-tqfq3s17/","name":"Effects of melatonin in perimenopausal and menopausal women: a randomized and placebo controlled study","headline":"Effects of melatonin in perimenopausal and menopausal women: a randomized and placebo controlled study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-melatonin-in-perimenopausal-and-menopausal-women-a-randomized-and-pla-tqfq3s17/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bellipanni G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bianchi P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pierpaoli W"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bulian D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ilyia E"}],"datePublished":"2001-02-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"36","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Experimental Gerontology"}}},"pageStart":"297","pageEnd":"310","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0531-5565(00)00217-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32065939"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0531-5565(00)00217-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q32065939"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reliability-of-ovulation-tests-in-infertile-women-recbxelu71gjwceyo/","name":"Reliability of ovulation tests in infertile women","headline":"Reliability of ovulation tests in infertile women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reliability-of-ovulation-tests-in-infertile-women-recbxelu71gjwceyo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Paolo Crosignani","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8440-4245","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Milan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wjc7c48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M M Bianchi"},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Guermandi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Milan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wjc7c48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Ragni"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Uglietti","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Milan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wjc7c48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W Vegetti"}],"datePublished":"2001-01-12","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To assess the reliability of the most widely used clinical methods for predicting or confirming ovulation.\n\nMETHODS: We monitored spontaneous cycles in 101 infertile women using basal body temperature (BBT), transvaginal ultrasound, a urinary stick system for LH surge, and three serum progesterone measurements in the midluteal phase. Transvaginal ultrasound monitoring was standard for ovulation detection and sensitivity. We calculated specificity and accuracy of each method compared with that standard.\n\nRESULTS: Follicular development and ultrasound evidence of ovulation were confirmed in 97 of 101 cycles (96%). Urinary LH surge preceded follicular rupture assessed by ultrasonography in all cycles and showed concordance with ultrasound-evidenced ovulation in 98 of 101 cases. The timing of BBT nadir had wide variability, and BBT and ultrasonography agreed in a similar percentage of cases (74%). Midluteal serum progesterone assessments showed ovulatory values in 93 subjects, and ovulation was concordant with ultrasonography in 90 subjects.\n\nCONCLUSION: Urinary LH was accurate in predicting ovulation with ultrasonography as the standard for detection, but time varied widely. The nadir of BBT predicted ovulation poorly. The BBT chart was less accurate for confirming ovulation, whereas a single serum progesterone assessment in midluteal phase seemed as effective as repeated serum progesterone measures.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"97","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"92","pageEnd":"96","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(00)01083-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518099"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0029-7844(00)01083-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11152915"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43518099"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/serum-allopregnanolone-in-women-with-postpartum-blues-reczfi4vr5pmd6p5t/","name":"Serum allopregnanolone in women with postpartum \"blues\"","headline":"Serum allopregnanolone in women with postpartum \"blues\"","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/serum-allopregnanolone-in-women-with-postpartum-blues-reczfi4vr5pmd6p5t/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C Farina"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A R Genazzani","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pisa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Luisi"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rossella E Nappi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1713-6396","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute for Clinical and Scientific Research (IRCCS) S. Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. renappi@tin.it","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04tfzc498"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Felice Petraglia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8851-625X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Siena","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01tevnk56"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Polatti"}],"datePublished":"2001-01-12","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To relate serum allopregnanolone and progesterone levels postpartum to maternity \"blues.\"\n\nMETHODS: Forty primiparous, healthy, married women (24-39 years of age; at least 13 years of education) who delivered healthy neonates in the Department of Obstetrics at the University of Pavia entered the present study. Blood samples were drawn at 8:30 AM on postpartum day 3 for measurements of serum allopregnanolone, progesterone, cortisol, prolactin, and estradiol. On the same day, every woman was interviewed using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression for psychometric testing and completed a self-administered version of the Stein Questionnaire for symptoms of the \"blues.\"\n\nRESULTS: Eighteen of 40 women (45%) experienced maternity \"blues\" (12 who delivered vaginally and six who delivered by cesarean). Serum allopregnanolone levels were significantly lower in those women experiencing postpartum \"blues\" with respect to euthymic women (1.1 +/- 0.4 versus 2.3 +/- 1.0 nmol/L; P <.001), whereas progesterone levels did not differ significantly (11.6 +/- 5.6 versus 19.1 +/- 15.6 nmol/L; P >.058). Allopregnanolone and progesterone levels correlated significantly in euthymic women (r =.648; P =.001) but not in those with postpartum \"blues\" (r =.317; P =.199). There was a significant negative correlation between the Hamilton score and levels of serum allopregnanolone (r = -.62; P =.001) and progesterone (r = -.36; P =.024).\n\nCONCLUSION: Serum allopregnanolone levels were detectable postpartum and were significantly decreased in women with maternity \"blues.\"","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"97","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"77","pageEnd":"80","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(00)01112-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518096"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0029-7844(00)01112-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11152912"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43518096"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polycystic-ovary-disease-and-the-risk-of-pregnancy-induced-hypertension-recpytvzrygvesvr5/","name":"Polycystic ovary disease and the risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension","headline":"Polycystic ovary disease and the risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polycystic-ovary-disease-and-the-risk-of-pregnancy-induced-hypertension-recpytvzrygvesvr5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Claman P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sonya Kashyap","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3634-1953","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cornell University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87"}}],"datePublished":"2001-01-12","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To compare the incidence of pregnancy-induced hypertension in patients with and without polycystic ovary disease (PCOD).\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: We conducted a retrospective, case-control analysis of patients who achieved singleton pregnancies with human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) therapy. Twenty-two PCOD patients were compared to 27 infertility patients without PCOD who were pregnant after hMG therapy. Non-PCOD patients received hMG for superovulation as part of superovulation/intrauterine insemination or in vitro fertilization/embryo transfer. PCOD patients were receiving hMG for simple ovulation induction. Pregnancy-induced hypertension was defined as late pregnancy blood pressure > 140/90 mm Hg on two readings six hours apart and return to normal blood pressure by four to six weeks postpartum.\n\nRESULTS: There were no differences between PCOD and non-PCOD patients with reference to age, body mass index, parity or other pregnancy-induced hypertension risk factors (i.e., chronic hypertension, diabetes or chronic renal disease). Pregnant PCOD patients had a much higher incidence of pregnancy-induced hypertension, 31.8% (7/22), versus non-PCOD patients, who only had a pregnancy-induced hypertension incidence of 3.7% (1/27) (P = .016, OR = 12.1, 95% CI = 1.3-566.8).\n\nCONCLUSION: PCOD patients are at very high risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension when pregnant after ovulation induction.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"45","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"991","pageEnd":"994","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/increased-incidence-of-numerical-chromosome-abnormalities-in-spermatozoa-injecte-recxucrbtrsuaxq7x/","name":"Increased incidence of numerical chromosome abnormalities in spermatozoa injected into human oocytes by ICSI","headline":"Increased incidence of numerical chromosome abnormalities in spermatozoa injected into human oocytes by ICSI","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/increased-incidence-of-numerical-chromosome-abnormalities-in-spermatozoa-injecte-recxucrbtrsuaxq7x/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bruno Imthurn","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital of Zurich","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01462r250"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P J Keller","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital of Zurich","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01462r250"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Macas","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital of Zurich","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01462r250"}}],"datePublished":"2001-01-05","abstract":"The potential risk of transmitting chromosomally abnormal spermatozoa from infertile males into oocytes through intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) has prompted us to investigate the male pronuclei of tripronuclear zygotes (3PN) obtained after ICSI. To specify the type of anomalies, we used triple colour fluorescent in-situ hybridization (FISH) with three specific probes for chromosomes X, Y and 18. From a total of 163 paternal complements of ICSI-3PN zygotes, 90 (55.2%) had Y-chromosome signals. Eighty-three of these were normal, four had the disomy XY and three were diploid. In the remaining 73 ICSI-3PN zygotes without Y-chromosome signals, the origin of paternal pronuclei was extrapolated through chromosome constitution of the first polar body. Five anomalies were found in this group of zygotes, giving a total rate of numerical chromosome aberrations for fertilizing spermatozoa of 7.4%. In contrast to ICSI, only two disomies (1.5%) were found in the control group of IVF-3PN zygotes. Compared with the incidence of chromosome anomalies between paternal-derived","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"115","pageEnd":"120","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/16.1.115","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50720136"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/16.1.115"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11139548"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50720136"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preserved-forearm-endothelial-responses-with-acute-exposure-to-progesterone-a-ra-recrr9oavretzyctv/","name":"Preserved forearm endothelial responses with acute exposure to progesterone: A  randomized cross-over trial of 17-beta estradiol, progesterone, and 17-beta  estradiol with progesterone in healthy menopausal women","headline":"Preserved forearm endothelial responses with acute exposure to progesterone: A  randomized cross-over trial of 17-beta estradiol, progesterone, and 17-beta  estradiol with progesterone in healthy menopausal women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preserved-forearm-endothelial-responses-with-acute-exposure-to-progesterone-a-ra-recrr9oavretzyctv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"K J Mather","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8696-7500","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05gxnyn08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas G Elliott","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4626-6440","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eric G Norman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2001-01-03","abstract":"Regularly menstruating women are relatively protected from cardiovascular disease. Epidemiological and endothelial function studies attribute this protection to estradiol (E(2)), but both progesterone (P) and E(2) are normally present. A range of vascular effects of added progestins have been described, from neutral to detrimental, but the effects of P per se on endothelial function in humans have not been reported. We therefore investigated the acute effects of E(2), P, and E(2) combined with P, on endothelium-dependent and -independent forearm blood flow responses. Using venous occlusion plethysmography, forearm blood flow (FBF) was measured during acute brachial artery infusions, achieving physiologic levels of 17-beta-E(2), P, and 17-beta-E(2) with P in healthy menopausal women with no cardiovascular disease risk factors. Vehicle or hormones were infused, in random order, on 4 days, 1 week apart. Flow responses were measured during coinfusions of hormone with the endothelium-dependent vasodilator acetylcholine and the endothelium-independent vasodilator sodium nitroprusside. Twenty-seven healthy menopausal women were studied, and all had normal baseline endothelial responses. Small ( approximately 15%), statistically nonsignificant increases in endothelium-dependent flow responses were seen after all acute hormone treatments. No impairment in response was seen with P alone or in combination with 17-beta-E(2). In healthy menopausal women without cardiovascular disease risk factors and without baseline defects in endothelial function, acute exposure to physiologic levels of 17-beta-E(2), P, and 17-beta-E(2) with P produced equivalent endothelium-dependent responses. These data suggest that P does not have detrimental vascular effects in humans.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"85","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"4644","pageEnd":"4649","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem.85.12.7011","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73336687"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jcem.85.12.7011"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11134122"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73336687"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ethics-expert-supports-sex-selection-in-ivf-recmgiqjr0h4cnwnn/","name":"Ethics Expert Supports Sex Selection in IVF","headline":"Ethics Expert Supports Sex Selection in IVF","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ethics-expert-supports-sex-selection-in-ivf-recmgiqjr0h4cnwnn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Neergaard L"}],"datePublished":"2001-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/salpingectomy-for-hydrosalpinx-prior-to-ivf-reccyoa0wvrnrvsq3/","name":"Salpingectomy for Hydrosalpinx Prior to IVF","headline":"Salpingectomy for Hydrosalpinx Prior to IVF","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/salpingectomy-for-hydrosalpinx-prior-to-ivf-reccyoa0wvrnrvsq3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Practice Committee Report"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Annika Strandell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1647-5388","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sahlgrenska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vgqjj36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anette Lindhard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3272-4671","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rigshospitalet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mchdq19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ulla Waldenström","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9358-855X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Falun Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/009ek3139"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jane Thorburn","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sahlgrenska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vgqjj36"}}],"datePublished":"2001-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction"}}},"pageStart":"2403","pageEnd":"2410","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.08.027","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54076087"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.08.027"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q54076087"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/serum-progesterone-values-in-the-luteal-phase-defects-effect-of-chorionic-gonado-recxfe9hqg27cjosk/","name":"Serum progesterone values in the luteal phase defects. Effect of chorionic gonadotropin","headline":"Serum progesterone values in the luteal phase defects. Effect of chorionic gonadotropin","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/serum-progesterone-values-in-the-luteal-phase-defects-effect-of-chorionic-gonado-recxfe9hqg27cjosk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Asimina Tavaniotou","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Dutch-Speaking Free University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carola Albano"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Smitz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5857-6542"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paul Devroey","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","sameAs":"https://ror.org/006e5kg04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Aksel","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of South Alabama","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01s7b5y08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G S Jones","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A C Wentz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74"}}],"datePublished":"2001-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"663","pageEnd":"7","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43559187","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"4834795"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43559187"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estrogens-and-progestins-in-goodman-and-gillmans-the-pharmacologic-basis-of-ther-recojucziz4ir1my8/","name":"Estrogens and Progestins in Goodman and Gillman’s The Pharmacologic Basis of Therapeutics","headline":"Estrogens and Progestins in Goodman and Gillman’s The Pharmacologic Basis of Therapeutics","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estrogens-and-progestins-in-goodman-and-gillmans-the-pharmacologic-basis-of-ther-recojucziz4ir1my8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Loose-Mitchell DS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stancel GM"}],"datePublished":"2001-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estrogens-and-progestins-in-hardman-jg-limbird-le-gilman-ag-eds-goodman-and-gill-dixjayd1/","name":"Estrogens and Progestins. In: Hardman JG, Limbird LE, Gilman AG (Eds). Goodman and Gillman's The Pharmacologic Basis of Therapeutics","headline":"Estrogens and Progestins. In: Hardman JG, Limbird LE, Gilman AG (Eds). Goodman and Gillman's The Pharmacologic Basis of Therapeutics","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estrogens-and-progestins-in-hardman-jg-limbird-le-gilman-ag-eds-goodman-and-gill-dixjayd1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Loose-Mitchell DS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stancel GM"}],"datePublished":"2001-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"10th Ed"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2000-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2000-pmxgrjnv/","name":"DIR Jahrbuch 2000 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2000)","headline":"DIR Jahrbuch 2000 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 2000)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-2000-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-2000-pmxgrjnv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register e.V."}],"datePublished":"2001-01-01","abstract":"Annual report (Jahrbuch) of the Deutsches IVF-Register (DIR) for treatment year 2000. DIR is the German national IVF/ICSI registry, founded 1982 — the oldest continuously operating ART registry. Voluntary professional-society database with high de-facto coverage of German fertility centres. Reports cycles, transfers, pregnancies and clinical outcomes by treatment type (IVF, ICSI, frozen embryo transfer, donor). German-language registry document. Used as a Phase B historical-archive source for the ART Registry Comparison study (cross-registry classification by reporting completeness on 7 framework dimensions).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register Jahrbuch"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/improvement-in-symptoms-and-estrogen-metabolism-in-women-with-premenstrual-syndr-recpbxmlul1ms4mvo/","name":"Improvement in Symptoms and Estrogen Metabolism in Women with Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) Using a Newly Formulated Medical Food","headline":"Improvement in Symptoms and Estrogen Metabolism in Women with Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) Using a Newly Formulated Medical Food","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/improvement-in-symptoms-and-estrogen-metabolism-in-women-with-premenstrual-syndr-recpbxmlul1ms4mvo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lukaczer D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Liska DJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Darland G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bland JS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Schiltz B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tripp M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lerman RH"}],"datePublished":"2001-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Disorders"},"pageStart":"347","pageEnd":"355","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fda-review-practices-and-priorities-for-drugs-used-in-cancer-treatment-rechjcepsb0tcxvtf/","name":"FDA review practices and priorities for drugs used in cancer treatment","headline":"FDA review practices and priorities for drugs used in cancer treatment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fda-review-practices-and-priorities-for-drugs-used-in-cancer-treatment-rechjcepsb0tcxvtf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"K Kobayashi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8557-9207","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Drug Evaluation and Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00yf3tm42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R J DeLap","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"United States Food and Drug Administration","sameAs":"https://ror.org/034xvzb47"}}],"datePublished":"2001-01-01","abstract":"The Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act and related regulations (21 U.S.C. 301 et seq.) give FDA staff the legal authority and responsibility to review the safety and effectiveness of drugs and biological products (including products used in cancer treatment), from preclinical testing through all phases of clinical research and marketing. FDA review activities in the oncology arena can be divided into five major categories: (1) initial review of investigational new drug (IND) applications; (2) ongoing review of premarketing research (including new research protocols submitted to existing INDs and IND safety reports describing adverse events with the new drug); (3) discussions with commercial sponsors regarding their clinical development plans, including the design and conduct of key studies that are intended to support initial marketing approval for a new product or to support the addition of new indications to the prescribing information for currently marketed products; (4) review of submitted new drug applications (NDAs) or biological licensing applications (BLAs); and (5) continuing review of the safety and effectiveness of marketed products. Through these review activities, FDA staff work to ensure that products approved for marketing for cancer treatment are effective and adequately safe for their intended uses and to ensure that the quality, effectiveness, and safety of products on the market are preserved or enhanced, so patients and physicians may use these products with confidence and with adequate safety. Because these review activities generally fall into a chronologic sequence, the following discussion parallels the development course of a typical new drug.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"949","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"}}},"pageStart":"341","pageEnd":"344","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb04042.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34497144"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb04042.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11795373"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34497144"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/molecular-mechanisms-involved-in-human-platelet-aggregation-by-synergistic-inter-recfvqbcoztlr1ojr/","name":"Molecular mechanisms involved in human platelet aggregation by synergistic interaction of platelet-activating factor and 5-hydroxytryptamine","headline":"Molecular mechanisms involved in human platelet aggregation by synergistic interaction of platelet-activating factor and 5-hydroxytryptamine","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/molecular-mechanisms-involved-in-human-platelet-aggregation-by-synergistic-inter-recfvqbcoztlr1ojr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S A Saeed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8128-5743","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aga Khan University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03gd0dm95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Hanif","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4981-2694","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aga Khan University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03gd0dm95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F L Khan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aga Khan University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03gd0dm95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H B Rahman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aga Khan University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03gd0dm95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"I H Rahman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aga Khan University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03gd0dm95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Rasheed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0833-3195","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aga Khan University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03gd0dm95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B H Shah","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aga Khan University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03gd0dm95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A H Shariff","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aga Khan University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03gd0dm95"}}],"datePublished":"2001-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Experimental & molecular medicine"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1038/emm.2001.37","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43857277"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/emm.2001.37"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11795484"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43857277"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gonadotropins-and-the-uterus-is-there-a-gonadindependent-pathway-ckd8szte/","name":"Gonadotropins and the uterus: is there a gonad-independent pathway?","headline":"Gonadotropins and the uterus: is there a gonad-independent pathway?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gonadotropins-and-the-uterus-is-there-a-gonadindependent-pathway-ckd8szte/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Stewart EA"}],"datePublished":"2001-01-01","abstract":"In the gonads, LH and hCG act via the same receptor to stimulate the production of progesterone in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and in early pregnancy. There are numerous reports that these two hormones can have direct actions on the uterus in addition to their indirect actions via stimulation of ovarian steroid hormones. However, unlike the situation in the gonads, various uterine tissues have been shown to respond to the related hormones FSH and TSH or the alpha-subunit common to these hormones. These additional actions cannot be mediated by the gonadal LH/hCG receptor. There have also been a series of reports that the uterus contains LH/hCG receptors. Attempts to characterize the molecular structure of these receptors have been difficult; thus, the possibility of a variant receptor cannot be excluded. The possibility also exists of a nonhomologous receptor, which would explain the differences in ligand specificity in uterine tissues. I will review the evidence regarding gonadotropin action in nongonadal tissues, primarily the uterus. In addition, the data regarding receptors will be reviewed. Finally, the clinical areas informed by this information will be explored.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation"}}},"pageStart":"319","pageEnd":"26","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34467072","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11750866"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34467072"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estrogens-and-progestins-in-goodman-and-gilmans-the-pharmacologic-basis-of-thera-recdhieig252sahjy/","name":"Estrogens and Progestins in Goodman and Gilman's: The Pharmacologic Basis of Therapeutics, 10th Ed","headline":"Estrogens and Progestins in Goodman and Gilman's: The Pharmacologic Basis of Therapeutics, 10th Ed","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estrogens-and-progestins-in-goodman-and-gilmans-the-pharmacologic-basis-of-thera-recdhieig252sahjy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Loose-Mitchell DS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stancel GM"}],"datePublished":"2001-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"** NOT_FOUND"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-injection-usp-in-sesame-oil---product-literature-by-watson-pharma-i-recxgd95ge11xfh6d/","name":"Progesterone Injection, USP in Sesame Oil - Product Literature by Watson Pharma, Inc (2001)","headline":"Progesterone Injection, USP in Sesame Oil - Product Literature by Watson Pharma, Inc (2001)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-injection-usp-in-sesame-oil---product-literature-by-watson-pharma-i-recxgd95ge11xfh6d/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Watson Pharma Inc"}],"datePublished":"2001-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pcos-the-hidden-epidemic-jz9hoxbp/","name":"PCOS: The Hidden Epidemic","headline":"PCOS: The Hidden Epidemic","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pcos-the-hidden-epidemic-jz9hoxbp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thacher SS"}],"datePublished":"2001-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Perspectives Press"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-picture-dictionary-of-the-creighton-model-fertilitycare-system-recegmoska8khvpo0/","name":"The Picture Dictionary of the Creighton Model FertilityCare™ System","headline":"The Picture Dictionary of the Creighton Model FertilityCare™ System","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-picture-dictionary-of-the-creighton-model-fertilitycare-system-recegmoska8khvpo0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Prebil AM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hilgers SK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Diane Daly","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4526-9869","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint John's Mercy Medical Center"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2001-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/rates-of-premature-birth-by-state-in-2001-national-center-for-vital-statistics-f-reciibddw1c4tvk2n/","name":"Annual summary of vital statistics--2001","headline":"Annual summary of vital statistics--2001","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/rates-of-premature-birth-by-state-in-2001-national-center-for-vital-statistics-f-reciibddw1c4tvk2n/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"March of Dimes"}],"datePublished":"2001-01-01","abstract":"The number of births, the crude birth rate (14.5 in 2001), and the fertility rate (67.2 in 2001) all declined slightly (by 1% or less) from 2000 to 2001. Fertility rates were highest for Hispanic women (107.4), followed by Native American (70.7), Asian or Pacific Islander (69.4), black (69.3), and non-Hispanic white women (58.0). During the early to mid 1990s, fertility declined for non-Hispanic white, black, and American Indian women. Rates for these population groups have changed relatively little since 1995; however, fertility has increased for Asian or Pacific Islander and Hispanic women. The birth rate for teen mothers continued to fall, dropping 5% from 2000 to 2001 to 45.9 births per 1000 females aged 15 to 19 years, another record low. The teen birth rate has fallen 26% since 1991; declines were more rapid (35%) for younger teens aged 15 to 17 years than for older teens aged 18 to 19 years (20%). The proportion of all births to unmarried women remained about the same at one-third. Smoking during pregnancy continued to decline; smoking rates were highest among teen mothers. The use of timely prenatal care increased slightly to 83.4% in 2001. From 1990 to 2001, the use of timely prenatal care increased by 6% (to 88.5%) for non-Hispanic white women, by 23% (to 74.5%) for black women, and by 26% (to 75.7%) for Hispanic women. The number and rate of twin births continued to rise, but the triplet/+ birth rate declined for the second year in a row. For the first year in almost a decade, the preterm birth rate declined (to 11.6%); however, the low birth weight rate was unchanged at 7.6%. The total cesarean delivery rate jumped 7% from 2000 to 2001 to 24.4% of all births, the highest level reported since these data became available on birth certificates (1989). The primary cesarean rate rose 5%, whereas the rate of vaginal birth after a previous cesarean delivery tumbled 20%. In 2001, the provisional infant mortality rate was 6.9 per 1000 live births, the same as in 2000. Racial differences in infant mortality remain a major public health concern, with the rate for infants of black mothers 2.5 times those for infants of non-Hispanic white or Hispanic mothers. In 2000, 66% of all infant deaths occurred among the 7.6% of infants born low birth weight. Among all states, Maine and Massachusetts had the lowest infant mortality rates. The United States continues to rank poorly in international comparisons of infant mortality. The provisional death rate in 2001 was 8.7 deaths per 1000 population, the same as the 2000 final rate. In 2000, unintentional injuries and homicide remained the leading and second-leading causes of death for children 1 to 19 years of age, although the death rate for homicide decreased by 10% from 1999 to 2000. Among unintentional injuries to children, two-thirds were motor vehicle-related; among homicides, two-thirds were firearm-related.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Pediatrics"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-progesterone-but-not-medroxyprogesterone-acetate-enhances-the-beneficial-recximztpqqj2iffr/","name":"Natural progesterone, but not medroxyprogesterone acetate, enhances the beneficial effect of estrogen on exercise-induced myocardial ischemia in postmenopausal women","headline":"Natural progesterone, but not medroxyprogesterone acetate, enhances the beneficial effect of estrogen on exercise-induced myocardial ischemia in postmenopausal women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-progesterone-but-not-medroxyprogesterone-acetate-enhances-the-beneficial-recximztpqqj2iffr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Carolyn Webb","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2538-6953","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02218z997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dominique De Ziegler","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2513-8220","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mkjjy25"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Collins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4414-8034","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02218z997"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Chierchia","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele","sameAs":"https://ror.org/039zxt351"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Gabraele","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele","sameAs":"https://ror.org/039zxt351"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G L Morgani","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele","sameAs":"https://ror.org/039zxt351"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G M Rosano","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Cardiology, Istituto H San Raffaele, Milan, Italy. rosanog@roma.hsr.it","sameAs":"https://ror.org/039zxt351"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P M Sarrel","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yale University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03v76x132"}}],"datePublished":"2000-12-29","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: We sought to compare the effects of estrogen/transvaginal progesterone gel with estrogen/medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) on exercise-induced myocardial ischemia in postmenopausal women with coronary artery disease or previous myocardial infarction, or both.\n\nBACKGROUND: Estrogen therapy beneficially affects exercise-induced myocardial ischemia in postmenopausal women; however, women with an intact uterus also take progestin to protect against uterine malignancies. The effects of combination estrogen/progestin therapy on myocardial ischemia are unknown.\n\nMETHODS: Eighteen postmenopausal women (mean +/- SD age 59+/-7 years) were given 17-beta-estradiol in single-blinded manner for four weeks (1 mg/day for three weeks then 2 mg/day for one week). Estradiol (2 mg/day) was then continued, and the patients were randomized (double-blind) for 12 days to either transvaginal progesterone gel (90 mg on alternate days) and oral MPA placebo (10 mg/day), or vice versa. After another two weeks on estradiol alone, the patients crossed over to progestin treatment and repeated the protocol on the opposite treatment. Patients underwent treadmill exercise testing after each estradiol phase and at day 10 of each progestin phase.\n\nRESULTS: Exercise time to myocardial ischemia increased after the first estrogen phase as compared with baseline (mean difference with 95% confidence interval [CI]: 72 s [34 to 110], p = 0.001), and was increased by combination estradiol/progesterone therapy as compared with estradiol/MPA therapy (92 s [35 to 149], p = 0.001)). Two patients (11%) were withdrawn while taking estradiol/MPA owing to unstable angina.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Combination estrogen/transvaginal progesterone gel increases exercise time to myocardial ischemia, as compared with estrogen/MPA. These results imply that the choice of progestin in women at higher cardiovascular risk requires careful consideration.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"36","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of the American College of Cardiology"}}},"pageStart":"2154","pageEnd":"2159","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0735-1097(00)01007-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33928985"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0735-1097(00)01007-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11127455"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33928985"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cognitive-dietary-restraint-is-associated-with-higher-urinary-cortisol-excretion-recakqpfgkd7r7b6d/","name":"Cognitive dietary restraint is associated with higher urinary cortisol excretion  in healthy premenopausal women","headline":"Cognitive dietary restraint is associated with higher urinary cortisol excretion  in healthy premenopausal women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cognitive-dietary-restraint-is-associated-with-higher-urinary-cortisol-excretion-recakqpfgkd7r7b6d/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan I Barr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8701-7152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J A McLean","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2000-12-22","abstract":"Background: Cognitive dietary restraint, assessed by the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire restraint subscale, is associated with subclinical menstrual cycle disturbances. This association may be mediated by stress-activated cortisol release.\n\nObjective: We assessed whether 24-h urinary cortisol excretion differs between women with high and low restraint scores.\nDesign: Participants (aged 21.6+/-2.5 y; n = 62) with normal-length menstrual cycles and high (n = 33) or low (n = 29) restraint scores completed a questionnaire describing weight history, dietary practices, and exercise. Cortisol, calcium, and creatinine were measured in urine collected over 24 h on a day when all food and beverages were provided and measured. Previously, 3-d food records and anthropometric measurements were obtained.\n\nResults: Age, height, weight, body mass index, and length of menstrual cycle were similar between groups. The reported amount of exercise was higher (3.4+/-1.7 compared with 2.2+/-1.8 h/wk; P<0.05) and energy intakes (assessed from 3-d and 24-h food records) were lower in the highthan in the low-restraint group. Ratios of urinary cortisol (nmol) to creatinine (mmol) were higher in the high-restraint than in the low-restraint group (42.9+/-12.9 compared with 36.3+/-8.9; P<0.05), whereas ratios of urinary calcium (mmol) to creatinine were lower (0.3+/-0.1 compared with 0.4+/-0.2; P<0.05) in the high-restraint group. Urinary cortisol was not associated with exercise, nutrient intakes, or anthropometric measurements.\n\nConclusions: High dietary restraint scores are associated with urinary cortisol, a biological marker of stress, and high cortisol excretion may affect bone health. Our results suggest that further research is warranted to clarify these associations and to determine whether they persist over time.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"73","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"}}},"pageStart":"7","pageEnd":"12","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/73.1.7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73315326"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/ajcn/73.1.7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11124742"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73315326"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/thyroid-disease-and-female-reproduction-reci7uet1myi4vsil/","name":"Thyroid disease and female reproduction","headline":"Thyroid disease and female reproduction","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/thyroid-disease-and-female-reproduction-reci7uet1myi4vsil/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"G E Krassas","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Forthnet (Greece)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03s3xa281"}}],"datePublished":"2000-12-20","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To review the menstrual function and fertility in thyroid disease, mainly in hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. Also to register the consequences of (131)I therapy, which is used widely in the treatment of Graves' disease and thyroid cancer, on subsequent pregnancies and on fertility in these patients.\n\nDESIGN: A MEDLINE computer search was used to identify relevant studies. The type of menstrual disturbances and the status of fertility were recorded from all the studies found. Also, the fertility and genetic hazard of female patients with Graves' disease and thyroid cancer who were treated with (131)I were registered.\n\nRESULT(S): Both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism may result in menstrual disturbances. Menstrual abnormalities are less common now than in previous series. In a recent study, we found that only 21.5% of 214 thyrotoxic patients had some type of menstrual disturbance, compared to 50 to 60% in some older series. The most common manifestations are hypomenorrhea and oligomenorrhea. According to the results of endometrial biopsies, most thyrotoxic women remain ovulatory. Moreover, the genetic hazard incident to radioiodine therapy in Graves' disease and thyroid carcinoma is very small; exposure to (131)I does not cause reduced fecundity, and the risk of loss of fertility is not a contraindication for its use in these patients. mIn hypothyroidism, the frequency of menstrual irregularities has very recently been reported to be 23.4% among 171 hypothyroid patients studied. This is much less than that reported in previous studies, which showed that 50 to 70% of hypothyroid female patients had menstrual abnormalities. The most common manifestation is oligomenorrhea. Severe hypothyroidism is commonly associated with failure of ovulation. Ovulation and conception can occur in mild hypothyroidism. These pregnancies are, however, often associated with abortions, stillbirths, or prematurity. The latter may be of greater clinical importance in infertile women with unexplained infertility.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): These new data, mainly concerning menstrual abnormalities in hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism, are inconsistent with what is generally believed and written in the classic thyroid textbooks and indicate that such opinions should be revised.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"74","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1063","pageEnd":"1070","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(00)01589-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34105859"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(00)01589-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11119728"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34105859"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prediction-of-ovulation-by-urinary-hormone-measurements-with-the-home-use-clearp-dyippk8g/","name":"Prediction of ovulation by urinary hormone measurements with the home use ClearPlan Fertility Monitor: comparison with transvaginal ultrasound scans and serum hormone measurements","headline":"Prediction of ovulation by urinary hormone measurements with the home use ClearPlan Fertility Monitor: comparison with transvaginal ultrasound scans and serum hormone measurements","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prediction-of-ovulation-by-urinary-hormone-measurements-with-the-home-use-clearp-dyippk8g/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Behre HM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kuhlage J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gassner C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sonntag B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Schem C","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8606-3077"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Schneider HP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nieschlag E","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1403-3298"}],"datePublished":"2000-12-01","abstract":"The timing of sexual intercourse in relation to ovulation strongly influences the chance of conception. Daily serum LH measurements or transvaginal ultrasonography are not practical to determine ovulation in consecutive cycles for an individual. A prospective study was initiated to test the home use performance of the ClearPlan Fertility Monitor (CPFM) in ovulation prediction compared with transvaginal ultrasonography and serum hormone measurements. A total of 53 women aged 18-39 years with a normal uterus and at least one ovary, cycle length between 21-42 days and not using medication which interferes with ovarian function contributed 150 cycles for analysis. One cycle was anovulatory and no LH surge, indicating peak fertility, was detected by the monitor. Of the remaining 149 cycles, 135 (90.6%) had a monitor LH surge and ultrasonographically confirmed ovulation. Ovulation was detected in 91.1% of cycles during the 2 days of CPFM peak fertility. Ovulation was observed in 51.1% of cycles 1 day and in 43.2% of cycles 2 days after the surge in serum LH. Ovulation never occurred before CPFM peak fertility or the serum LH surge day. CPFM can help women who desire pregnancy to time intercourse. It may also have potential as a diagnostic aid and for monitoring the treatment of infertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"2478","pageEnd":"82","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/15.12.2478","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34512073"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/15.12.2478"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11098014"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34512073"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/common-genetic-changes-between-endometriosis-and-ovarian-cancer-recig7lfedwgco9w5/","name":"Common genetic changes between endometriosis and ovarian cancer","headline":"Common genetic changes between endometriosis and ovarian cancer","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/common-genetic-changes-between-endometriosis-and-ovarian-cancer-recig7lfedwgco9w5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"H Hoshiai","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tohoku University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dq60k83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Obata","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kindai University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05kt9ap64"}}],"datePublished":"2000-11-28","abstract":"We analyzed 81 ovarian cancers for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on 10q23 and for mutations in PTEN. LOH was common among the endometrioid (43%) and serous (28%) cancers, but was infrequent among the other histological subtypes. Somatic PTEN mutations were detected in seven (21%) endometrioid cancers and the mutation in all informative cases was accompanied by loss of the wild-type allele. One mucinous cancer without 10q23 LOH was shown to harbor two somatic PTEN mutations. Frequent LOH was observed on chromosome 6q (60.0%) and chromosome 10q (40.0%) in ovarian atypical endometriosis, but no PTEN mutations were observed. These findings support the hypothesis that endometrioid and clear cell ovarian carcinomas may arise through malignant transformation of endometriotic lesions.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"50 Suppl 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"Suppl. 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation"}}},"pageStart":"39","pageEnd":"43","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1159/000052877","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34090909"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1159/000052877"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11093060"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34090909"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evidence-that-endometriosis-behaves-in-a-malignant-manner-recc50974slgtlzrd/","name":"Evidence that endometriosis behaves in a malignant manner","headline":"Evidence that endometriosis behaves in a malignant manner","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evidence-that-endometriosis-behaves-in-a-malignant-manner-recc50974slgtlzrd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E J Thomas","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3674-3573","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southampton","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ian Campbell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7773-4155","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02a8bt934"}}],"datePublished":"2000-11-28","abstract":"It is well known that certain aspects of endometriosis are similar to those of malignant disease. For example, like cancer, endometriosis can be both locally and distantly metastatic; it attaches to other tissues, invades, and damages them. Endometriosis is a common disease that does not create a cachectic or catabolic state, and is rarely fatal. There are, however, numerous reported cases of malignancy arising from endometriotic deposits and substantial histologic evidence that endometriosis is associated with endometrioid carcinoma and clear cell carcinoma of the ovary. A large review article by Mostoufizadeh and Scully investigated the association between endometriosis and endometrioid carcinoma, noting that women who had both diseases tended to be younger [1]. They found no association between endometriosis and serous or mucinous carcinoma of the ovary, and reported that malignant transformation of endometriosis was rare and associated with the use of exogenous estrogens. An epidemiological study of Swedish women reported a higher incidence of breast and ovarian cancer and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in women with endometriosis compared with controls [2]. Vercellini and colleagues also reported a higher incidence of endometrioid and clear cell carcinoma in women with endometriosis compared with controls [3]. Mutations in genes associated with galactose metabolism have been identified as one possible mechanism for this association. These mutations are more common in ovarian cancer and have been reported to be more common in women with endometriosis. We compared 78 women with endometriosis with 248 controls and were unable to demonstrate an increased frequency of these mutations in any of these groups.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"50 Suppl 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"Suppl. 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation"}}},"pageStart":"2","pageEnd":"10","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1159/000052872","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34090884"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1159/000052872"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11093055"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34090884"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevalence-of-endometriosis-in-ovarian-cancer-recedwhjrwkitcrxi/","name":"Prevalence of endometriosis in ovarian cancer","headline":"Prevalence of endometriosis in ovarian cancer","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevalence-of-endometriosis-in-ovarian-cancer-recedwhjrwkitcrxi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"H Yoshikawa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6673-7924","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Tokyo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Okada","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4622-5657","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Tokyo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Matsumoto","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6184-618X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Tokyo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Onda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9935-3783","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Tokyo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Jimbo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Tokyo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y Taketani","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6424-3579","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Tokyo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Yasugi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Tokyo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96"}}],"datePublished":"2000-11-28","abstract":"Endometriosis may be the precursor of clear cell or endometrioid ovarian cancer. In this review, we focus on the prevalence of endometriosis in ovarian cancer and related clinical and epidemiological issues. According to 15 published reports, the rank order of the prevalence of endometriosis in each histologic type was clear cell (39.2%) > endometrioid (21.2%) > serous (3.3%) > mucinous type (3.0%). The high prevalence of endometriosis in clear cell and endometrioid types is a consistent finding in Japan and western countries. However, the incidence of the clear cell type is much higher (15-20% vs. 7-8%), and that of the endometrioid type is lower (7-16% vs. 18-26%), in Japan compared with western countries. This review is also concerned with the relationship between the presence of ovarian endometriosis and clinical features such as age, parity, menopausal status, clinical stage, and survival in ovarian cancer patients.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"50 Suppl 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"Suppl. 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation"}}},"pageStart":"11","pageEnd":"17","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1159/000052873","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34090890"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1159/000052873"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11093056"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34090890"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/malignant-transformation-of-ovarian-endometriosis-recmy2nz6jteopqrm/","name":"Malignant transformation of ovarian endometriosis","headline":"Malignant transformation of ovarian endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/malignant-transformation-of-ovarian-endometriosis-recmy2nz6jteopqrm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"K Watanabe","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2296-6079","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tsukuba","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02956yf07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y Ichikawa"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Nishida","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tsukuba","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02956yf07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Sato","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tsukuba","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02956yf07"}}],"datePublished":"2000-11-28","abstract":"One hundred forty-seven cases of ovarian endometriosis, encountered from 1976 to 1999 at Tsukuba University Hospital, were studied to clarify the incidence of malignant transformation. There were 18 cases (12.2%) of atypical endometriosis, among which we found a case (5.6%) of ovarian cancer arising from endometriosis not diagnosed before surgery. This is accounted for 0.7% of all ovarian endometriosis cases. Because the incidence was equal to that of the previous reports, it is most likely that the malignant change in ovarian endometriosis occurred in 0.7% of this disease.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"50 Suppl 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"Suppl. 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation"}}},"pageStart":"18","pageEnd":"25","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1159/000052874","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q53403668"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1159/000052874"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11093057"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q53403668"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-timing-of-the-fertile-window-in-the-menstrual-cycle-day-specific-estimates-f-recp2vctck52rvcy5/","name":"The timing of the \"fertile window\" in the menstrual cycle: day specific estimates  from a prospective study","headline":"The timing of the \"fertile window\" in the menstrual cycle: day specific estimates  from a prospective study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-timing-of-the-fertile-window-in-the-menstrual-cycle-day-specific-estimates-f-recp2vctck52rvcy5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A J Wilcox","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3376-1311","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, PO Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Dunson"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D D Baird","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5544-2653","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, PO Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}}],"datePublished":"2000-11-18","abstract":"Objectives: To provide specific estimates of the likely occurrence of the six fertile days (the \"fertile window\") during the menstrual cycle.\nDesign: Prospective cohort study.\n\nParticipants: 221 healthy women who were planning a pregnancy.\n\nMain Outcome Measures: The timing of ovulation in 696 menstrual cycles, estimated using urinary metabolites of oestrogen and progesterone.\n\nResults: The fertile window occurred during a broad range of days in the menstrual cycle. On every day between days 6 and 21, women had at minimum a 10% probability of being in their fertile window. Women cannot predict a sporadic late ovulation; 4-6% of women whose cycles had not yet resumed were potentially fertile in the fifth week of their cycle.\n\nConclusions: In only about 30% of women is the fertile window entirely within the days of the menstrual cycle identified by clinical guidelines-that is, between days 10 and 17. Most women reach their fertile window earlier and others much later. Women should be advised that the timing of their fertile window can be highly unpredictable, even if their cycles are usually regular.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"321","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7271","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.)"}}},"pageStart":"1259","pageEnd":"1262","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.321.7271.1259","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37364864"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj.321.7271.1259"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11082086"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37364864"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-of-selective-serotonin-reuptake-inhibitors-in-premenstrual-syndrome-a-s-reclpixnhvgrisaa8/","name":"Efficacy of selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors in premenstrual syndrome: a systematic review","headline":"Efficacy of selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors in premenstrual syndrome: a systematic review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-of-selective-serotonin-reuptake-inhibitors-in-premenstrual-syndrome-a-s-reclpixnhvgrisaa8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Paul W. Dimmock","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Stoke University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dx1mr58"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peter W. Jones","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0229-3527","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Keele University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00340yn33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"PM Shaughn O'Brien"},{"@type":"Person","name":"PM Shaughn O Brien","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Stoke University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dx1mr58"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Phil Jones","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9432-3729"},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Wyatt","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7099-159X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Stoke University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dx1mr58"}}],"datePublished":"2000-10-13","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are increasingly being used as first-line therapy for severe premenstrual syndrome (PMS). We undertook a meta-analysis on the efficacy of SSRIs in this disorder.\n\nMETHODS: We searched medical and scientific databases, approached pharmaceutical companies, and reviewed citations of relevant articles to identify 29 studies of the use of SSRIs in PMS. 14 were excluded (no placebo group, preliminary report of included trial, or low quality). 15 randomised placebo-controlled trials were included. Information on study design, participants, drugs used and dosing regimens, outcome measures, side-effects, and sources of funding was extracted. Standardised mean differences between treatment and placebo groups were calculated to obtain an overall estimate of efficacy. The primary outcome measure was a reduction in overall PMS symptoms.\n\nFINDINGS: The primary analysis included data on 904 women (570 assigned active treatment and 435 assigned placebo, including 101 in crossover trials). The overall standardised mean difference was -1.066 (95% CI -1.381 to -0.750), which corresponds to an odds ratio of 6.91 (3.90 to 12.2) in favour of SSRIs. SSRIs were effective in treating physical and behavioural symptoms. There was no significant difference in symptom reduction between continuous and intermittent dosing or between trials funded by pharmaceutical companies and those independently funded. Withdrawal due to side-effects was 2.5 times more likely in the active-treatment group than in the placebo group.\n\nINTERPRETATION: SSRIs are an effective first-line therapy for severe PMS. The safety of these drugs has been demonstrated in trials of affective disorder, and the side-effects at low doses are generally acceptable.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"356","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9236","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Lancet (London, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1131","pageEnd":"1136","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(00)02754-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34059272"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0140-6736(00)02754-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11030291"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34059272"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/induction-of-ovarian-follicle-development-and-ovulation-with-exogenous-gonadotro-recmkfpcwmtkfnxjz/","name":"Induction of Ovarian Follicle Development and Ovulation with Exogenous Gonadotropins: A Technical Bulletin by American Society for Reproductive Medicine","headline":"Induction of Ovarian Follicle Development and Ovulation with Exogenous Gonadotropins: A Technical Bulletin by American Society for Reproductive Medicine","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/induction-of-ovarian-follicle-development-and-ovulation-with-exogenous-gonadotro-recmkfpcwmtkfnxjz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"American Society for Reproductive Medicine"}],"datePublished":"2000-10-01","abstract":"Purpose: A large part of infertility treatment involves the use of exogenous gonadotropins. The last decade has seen a progressive switch from human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG), the original gonadotropin product, to progressively more costly products, primarily or exclusively containing follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Though obviously at least in part driven by marketing efforts of pharmaceutical companies, this switch has received relatively little scrutiny despite its obvious cost implications. We therefore investigated whether a switch back to a generic or less costly hMG-driven ovulation induction protocol would affect patient outcome after ovulation induction and, by implications, with other assisted reproductive technologies.\n\nMethods: We prospectively studied clinical pregnancy rates in a large number of consecutive ovulation induction cycles in a well-defined patient population (group 1) which, after October of 1997, had been switched from a predominantly FSH to an hMG-driven protocol, based on an institutional formulary change. Until a transition period (between July and September 1997), this patient population had been on a primarily FSH-driven protocol (between July 1996 and June 1997). In parallel, we evaluated a second patient population (group 2), which was managed by the same physicians outside of formulary requirements and remained almost exclusively on principally FSH-driven ovulation induction cycles.\n\nResults: FSHand hMG-driven ovulation induction protocols did not differ in pregnancy outcome during the prospective study period. Group 1 patients, however, demonstrated a significant increase in pregnancy rates after the switch from FSH to hMG stimulation had taken place (P = 0.02), while group 2 patients demonstrated no change in pregnancy rate during the same time period.\n\nConclusions: Generic hMG products do not adversely affect pregnancy rates in comparison to more costly FSH products in routine ovulation induction cycles and should be considered an appropriate alternative to more expensive FSH products.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics"}}},"pageStart":"489","pageEnd":"95","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/randomized-controlled-comparison-of-transdermal-estradiol-with-oral-conjugated-e-rechzobfpqkhrl2gm/","name":"Randomized, Controlled Comparison of Transdermal Estradiol with Oral Conjugated Estrogens for the Relief of Hot Flashes","headline":"Randomized, Controlled Comparison of Transdermal Estradiol with Oral Conjugated Estrogens for the Relief of Hot Flashes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/randomized-controlled-comparison-of-transdermal-estradiol-with-oral-conjugated-e-rechzobfpqkhrl2gm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kelly Parsey","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Specialty Materials (United States)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00pdfdm61"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Herman Ellman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Specialty Materials (United States)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00pdfdm61"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mohammad Asadur Rahman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2303-4786","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Specialty Materials (United States)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00pdfdm61"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mosiur Rahman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2465-4303"}],"datePublished":"2000-10-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/serial-salivary-estriol-to-detect-an-increased-risk-of-preterm-birth-recbrxs57gjleeunx/","name":"Serial salivary estriol to detect an increased risk of preterm birth","headline":"Serial salivary estriol to detect an increased risk of preterm birth","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/serial-salivary-estriol-to-detect-an-increased-risk-of-preterm-birth-recbrxs57gjleeunx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R Heine"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Artal"},{"@type":"Person","name":"T M Goodwin"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R H Hayashi"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J A McGregor"},{"@type":"Person","name":"P A Robertson"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael W Varner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9455-3973","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2000-09-27","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate serial measurements of salivary estriol (E3) to detect increased risk of spontaneous preterm labor and preterm birth.\n\nMETHODS: A masked, prospective, multicenter trial of 956 women with singleton pregnancies was completed at eight United States medical centers. Saliva was collected weekly, beginning at the 22nd week of gestation until birth, and tested for unconjugated E3 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Women were separated into high-risk and low-risk groups using the Creasy scoring system.\n\nRESULTS: A single, positive (at or above 2.1 ng/mL) salivary E3 test predicted an increased risk of spontaneous preterm labor and delivery in the total population (relative risk [RR] 4.0, P <.005), in the low-risk population (RR 4.0, P < or =.05), and in the high-risk population (RR 3.4, P =.05). Two consecutive positive tests significantly increased the RR in all study groups, with a dramatic improvement in test specificity and positive predictive value but only a modest decrease in sensitivity. In women who presented with symptomatic preterm labor, salivary E3 identified 61% of those who delivered within 2 weeks, using a threshold of 1.4 ng/mL.\n\nCONCLUSION: Elevated salivary E3 is associated with increased risk of preterm birth in asymptomatic women and symptomatic women who present for evaluation of preterm labor.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"96","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"490","pageEnd":"497","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(00)01004-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59651251"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0029-7844(00)01004-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11004346"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q59651251"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polycystic-ovary-syndrome-its-not-just-infertility-rec76qdeij4p0tbvp/","name":"Polycystic ovary syndrome: it's not just infertility","headline":"Polycystic ovary syndrome: it's not just infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polycystic-ovary-syndrome-its-not-just-infertility-rec76qdeij4p0tbvp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hunter MH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sterrett JJ"}],"datePublished":"2000-09-21","abstract":"Recent diagnostic and pharmacologic developments have focused renewed attention on polycystic ovary syndrome. Clinical features of the syndrome include anovulation, hyperandrogenism and menstrual dysfunction, but several other abnormalities, including hyperinsulinemia, luteinizing hormone hypersecretion, elevated testosterone levels and acyclic estrogen production, have been documented. Accompanying obesity and lipid abnormalities compound the risk of developing diabetes mellitus or cardiovascular disease, and chronic anovulation increases the risk for endometrial cancer. A careful history and physical examination should guide diagnostic testing. Slowly progressive hyperandrogenic symptoms with anovulation of peripubertal onset often represent polycystic ovary syndrome. Treatment goals include symptom management and the identification and prevention of potential cardiovascular risks. Treatment should take into account the patient's desire for fertility. Advances in transvaginal ultrasonography and infertility treatments, including newer medications, have facilitated assisted reproduction in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Ongoing pharmacologic research focusing on the treatment of insulin resistance appears promising in reversing the longterm complications of the syndrome.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"62","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Family Physician"}}},"pageStart":"1079","pageEnd":"1090","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptives-and-the-incidence-of-multiple-sclerosis-rec3mge45hcospmbn/","name":"Oral contraceptives and the incidence of multiple sclerosis","headline":"Oral contraceptives and the incidence of multiple sclerosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptives-and-the-incidence-of-multiple-sclerosis-rec3mge45hcospmbn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Miguel A. Hernán","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1619-8456","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Michael's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04skqfp25"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marika Hohol","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Michael's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04skqfp25"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael J Olek","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3840-2772","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Michael's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04skqfp25"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alberto Ascherio","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0585-3294","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Michaels Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02459py43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Donna Spiegelman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4006-4650","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Michaels Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02459py43"}}],"datePublished":"2000-09-20","abstract":"Background: Experimental and clinical data suggest a protective effect of estrogens on the development and progression of MS.\n\nMethods: We assessed whether MS incidence was associated with oral contraceptive use or parity in two cohort studies of U.S. women, the Nurses' Health Study (NHS; 121,700 women aged 30 to 55 years at baseline in 1976) and the Nurses' Health Study II (NHS II; 116,671 women aged 25 to 42 years at baseline in 1989). Participants with a diagnosis of MS before baseline were excluded. Oral contraceptive history and parity were assessed at baseline and updated biennially. During follow-ups of 18 years (NHS) and 8 years (NHS II) we documented a total of 315 definite or probable cases of MS.\n\nResults: Neither use of oral contraceptives nor parity were significantly associated with the risk of MS. As compared with women who never used oral contraceptives, the age-adjusted relative risk (95% CI) was 1.2 (0.9, 1.5) for past users, and 1.0 (0.6, 1.7) for current users. Similar results were obtained after adjustment for latitude, ancestry, and other potential confounding factors. There was no clear trend of MS risk with either increasing duration of use or time elapsed since last use. Age at first birth was also not associated with the risk of MS.\n\nConclusions: These prospective results do not support a lasting protective effect of oral contraceptive use or pregnancy on the risk of MS. The decision to use hormonal contraception should not be affected by its effects on the risk of MS.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"55","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Neurology"}}},"pageStart":"848","pageEnd":"854","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.55.6.848","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74333111"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1212/wnl.55.6.848"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10994007"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q74333111"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstrual-cycle-symptom-variation-in-a-community-sample-of-women-using-and-not-u-reclsmunfumxvpx6g/","name":"Menstrual cycle symptom variation in a community sample of women using and not using oral contraceptives","headline":"Menstrual cycle symptom variation in a community sample of women using and not using oral contraceptives","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstrual-cycle-symptom-variation-in-a-community-sample-of-women-using-and-not-u-reclsmunfumxvpx6g/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sveinsdóttir H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Torbjörn Bäckström","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0907-3535","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Umeå University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05kb8h459"}}],"datePublished":"2000-09-19","abstract":"BACKGROUND: The prevalence of significant symptom change (symptom cyclicity) prospectively rated over multiple menstrual cycles has not been established in a non-clinical population.\n\nMETHODS: Seventy-three women charted 57 symptoms over 2-6 menstrual cycles each. Symptoms, and summarized symptom scores within seven symptom groups, were tested for changes between the follicular phase and the luteal phase of each cycle. Recurrent symptom cyclicity over multiple cycles within individuals was ascertained and the stability between cycles of mean symptom scores for both the follicular phase and the luteal phase.\n\nRESULTS: Forty-five percent of the participants experienced cyclicity over multiple cycles in at least one symptom and 23% in at least one symptom group. Eighteen percent of the participants consistently reported a higher symptom score during the luteal phase compared to the follicular phase (a PMS-like pattern) in all symptoms in which they experienced a change. The remaining 27% experienced a varying direction of change in the same symptom between cycles, or consistently experienced a lower symptom score during the luteal phase (a reverse PMS-like pattern) of the cycles they charted. Recurrent cyclicity was experienced by 16% of the participants in one symptom; in two symptoms by 15%; in 3 8 symptoms by 14%; in one symptom group by 19% and in two symptom groups by only 4% of participants. Average symptom severity did not vary significantly between cycles.\n\nCONCLUSION: Due to the varied direction of symptom severity change over multiple cycles, prospective daily ratings are necessary to achieve a true picture of menstrual related symptom cyclicity in the general population.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"79","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica"}}},"pageStart":"757","pageEnd":"764","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/subfertility-and-risk-of-spontaneous-abortion-recvvajrkebcirdow/","name":"Subfertility and risk of spontaneous abortion","headline":"Subfertility and risk of spontaneous abortion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/subfertility-and-risk-of-spontaneous-abortion-recvvajrkebcirdow/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ronald H Gray","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1952-6507","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lin Wu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6729-2269","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0006swh35"}}],"datePublished":"2000-09-13","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to assess the association between subfertility and spontaneous abortion.\n\nMETHODS: A total of 1572 women in New York and Vermont reported 3269 pregnancies between 1980 and 1990 and were able to provide an estimate of the waiting time to conception for 2967. Subfertility was defined as a delay of 1 year or more before a recognized conception was achieved. Rates of spontaneous abortion were determined among women with and without subfertility, and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated via multiple logistic regression.\n\nRESULTS: Spontaneous abortion rates were 23.0% in pregnancies preceded by subfertility and 14.0% in pregnancies without impaired fertility (adjusted OR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.26, 2.94). The attributable risk of spontaneous abortion associated with subfertility was 6.2%.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Subfertile women evidence an increased number of spontaneous abortions.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"90","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Public Health"}}},"pageStart":"1452","pageEnd":"1454","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.2105/ajph.90.9.1452","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74304986"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2105/ajph.90.9.1452"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10983206"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q74304986"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vertebral-fracture-definition-from-population-based-data-preliminary-results-fro-recz4w9vymoaf5fkn/","name":"Vertebral fracture definition from population-based data: preliminary results from the Canadian Multicenter Osteoporosis Study (CaMos)","headline":"Vertebral fracture definition from population-based data: preliminary results from the Canadian Multicenter Osteoporosis Study (CaMos)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vertebral-fracture-definition-from-population-based-data-preliminary-results-fro-recz4w9vymoaf5fkn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S. A. Jackson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alberta Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/013e81n30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alan Tenenhouse","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thabane L and the CaMos Research Group"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Loralee Robertson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7698-2018"}],"datePublished":"2000-09-01","abstract":"The Canadian Multicenter Osteoporosis Study is a large population-based prospective study of osteoporosis in the Canadian population. The study involves 9424 subjects, both male and female, from nine centers and seven regions of Canada. Each subject completed an extensive interview to obtain medical, demographic and lifestyle information, and was examined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry of the spine and hip, ultrasound of the heel and, for subjects over 50 years of age, lateral spine radiographs. Spinal morphometry of the initial radiographs was performed to determine the prevalence of vertebral deformity. A method is utilized to extract reference norms for vertebral shape from a subset of the population data, which is then used to categorize any deformity within the whole data set. Using 3 standard deviations (SD) as a limit of normality', the male prevalence of 21.5% was similar to the female prevalence of 23.5%. Using 4 SD this reduced to 7.3% and 9.3% respectively. The younger men (50-59 years) showed a higher prevalence of deformity than the women and a lower increase of prevalence with age. In the older age group (over 80 years) the female prevalence of 45% compared with 36% for the men using 3 SD (grade 1) to define the limit of normality. The female group presented with more severe deformities on average than the male group. This continuing study will provide longitudinal information regarding the development of osteoporosis and associated risk factors which will eventually be of use to develop public health policies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Osteoporos Int"}}},"pageStart":"680","pageEnd":"687","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s001980070066","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30620250"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s001980070066"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11095171"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q30620250"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effectiveness-of-a-standard-rule-method-of-calendar-rhythm-among-mayan-couples-i-recbscjqlvqaf5ojb/","name":"Effectiveness of a Standard-Rule Method of Calendar Rhythm among Mayan Couples in Guatemala","headline":"Effectiveness of a Standard-Rule Method of Calendar Rhythm among Mayan Couples in Guatemala","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effectiveness-of-a-standard-rule-method-of-calendar-rhythm-among-mayan-couples-i-recbscjqlvqaf5ojb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mazariegos LD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lidia de Mazariegos"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sandra Salazar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5617-5609","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Miami School of Medicine"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marianne C. Burkhart"},{"@type":"Person","name":"V Lamprecht","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}}],"datePublished":"2000-09-01","abstract":"Mayan couples in Guatemala have very low rates of contraceptive use but have long expressed an interest in natural family planning methods. A simple calendar rhythm method of family planning was tested among 301 couples living in two departments in the Guatemalan highlands. The method requires couples to keep track of the womans menstrual cycle using a calendar and a necklace as a reminder and to abstain from intercourse on days 9-19 of each cycle. Participants--most of whom were Mayan had had fewer than 7 years of schooling and had never used a contraceptive method--received instruction in how to use the method and were followed up for 1 year. Data were analyzed using life tables. 79% of couples successfully completed 1 year of use. Any difficulties they encountered with the method (i.e. with using the calendar or necklace or abstaining from intercourse for 11 days each month) occurred early in the study and after 1 year couples were highly satisfied with the method. 11% of couples conceived during the study and one-third of this group said that they had not had relations during the womans fertile period. Among the 31 couples who discontinued method use for reasons other than pregnancy the principal reason was personal factors. The only demographic characteristic that was significantly associated with continuation and pregnancy rates was age. A fairly simple natural method is potentially effective and highly acceptable among the Mayan population of Guatemala. (authors)","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"26","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International family planning perspectives"}}},"pageStart":"131","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2648302","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2307/2648302"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/change-in-cervical-length-after-cerclage-as-a-predictor-of-preterm-delivery-recmlftxl57yo2jpb/","name":"Change in cervical length after cerclage as a predictor of preterm delivery","headline":"Change in cervical length after cerclage as a predictor of preterm delivery","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/change-in-cervical-length-after-cerclage-as-a-predictor-of-preterm-delivery-recmlftxl57yo2jpb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"K Dijkstra","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9580-1868","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands. k.dijkstra@azu.nl"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E F Funai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3603-9727","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"New York University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0190ak572"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L O'Neill","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9515-9193","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oregon"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M J Paidas","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5561-7196","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NYU Langone Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/005dvqh91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Rebarber"},{"@type":"Person","name":"B K Young"}],"datePublished":"2000-08-29","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the degree of cervical lengthening after cerclage and whether serial follow-up measurements of cervical length after cerclage are predictive of pregnancy outcome.\n\nMETHODS: Eighty women whose primary physician determined that a prophylactic (n = 50) or urgent cerclage (n = 30) was indicated had transvaginal ultrasonographic evaluation before and after cerclage. Thereafter, most women had three additional transvaginal ultrasound examinations until 32 weeks' gestation. At each examination, the mean of three measurements was calculated. Statistical analyses were done by t test, analysis of variance, and logistic regression, with significance set at P <.05.\n\nRESULTS: The mean +/- standard deviation precerclage cervical length was 27.2 +/- 10.3 mm and after cerclage was 34.1 +/- 9.9 mm (n = 80, P <.001, paired t test). No significant association was found (r = -0.26) between the difference in cervical length (postcerclage - precerclage lengths) and pregnancy outcome. Patients with a prophylactic cerclage had a mean cervical length that was consistently longer in patients delivering at term compared with those who delivered preterm at 20 to 32 weeks' gestation. In the urgent cerclage group a significant difference in cervical length between those who delivered at term compared with preterm was evident only at 28 to 32 weeks.\n\nCONCLUSION: The increase in cervical length after cerclage is not predictive of term delivery. Serial cervical length measurements in the late second or early third trimester predict preterm birth but could provide earlier warning in patients with a prophylactic cerclage than in patients with urgent cerclage.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"96","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"346","pageEnd":"350","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(00)00924-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61850172"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0029-7844(00)00924-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10960624"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q61850172"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-estrogen-replacement-on-the-progression-of-coronary-artery-atheroscle-rec88xwdabiavguyr/","name":"Effects of estrogen replacement on the progression of coronary-artery atherosclerosis","headline":"Effects of estrogen replacement on the progression of coronary-artery atherosclerosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-estrogen-replacement-on-the-progression-of-coronary-artery-atheroscle-rec88xwdabiavguyr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"David M. Herrington","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7670-6400"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D M Reboussin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1309-2189"},{"@type":"Person","name":"T E Snyder","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5132-4919"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Curt D. Furberg"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G J Kowalchuk","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1119-8206"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas Stuckey","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5088-8277"},{"@type":"Person","name":"W J Rogers","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4802-4741","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008s83205"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Waters","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3897-4444","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stress Less Clinic"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K B Brosnihan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hypertension Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04azstb81"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D H Givens"},{"@type":"Person","name":"P C Sharp"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S A Shumaker"}],"datePublished":"2000-08-24","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Heart disease is a major cause of illness and death in women. To understand better the role of estrogen in the treatment and prevention of heart disease, more information is needed about its effects on coronary atherosclerosis and the extent to which concomitant progestin therapy may modify these effects.\n\nMETHODS: We randomly assigned a total of 309 women with angiographically verified coronary disease to receive 0.625 mg of conjugated estrogen per day, 0.625 mg of conjugated estrogen plus 2.5 mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate per day, or placebo. The women were followed for a mean (+/-SD) of 3.2+/-0.6 years. Base-line and follow-up coronary angiograms were analyzed by quantitative coronary angiography.\n\nRESULTS: Estrogen and estrogen plus medroxyprogesterone acetate produced significant reductions in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (9.4 percent and 16.5 percent, respectively) and significant increases in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (18.8 percent and 14.2 percent, respectively); however, neither treatment altered the progression of coronary atherosclerosis. After adjustment for measurements at base line, the mean (+/-SE) minimal coronary-artery diameters at follow-up were 1.87+/-0.02 mm, 1.84+/-0.02 mm, and 1.87+/-0.02 mm in women assigned to estrogen, estrogen plus medroxyprogesterone acetate, and placebo, respectively. The differences between the values for the two active-treatment groups and the value for the placebo group were not significant. Analyses of several secondary angiographic outcomes and subgroups of women produced similar results. The rates of clinical cardiovascular events were also similar among the treatment groups.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Neither estrogen alone nor estrogen plus medroxyprogesterone acetate affected the progression of coronary atherosclerosis in women with established disease. These results suggest that such women should not use estrogen replacement with an expectation of cardiovascular benefit.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"343","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"522","pageEnd":"529","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM200008243430801","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74212886"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJM200008243430801"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10954759"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q74212886"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/peripheral-metabolism-of-thyroid-hormones-a-review-recaxvxkumcn2mog6/","name":"Peripheral metabolism of thyroid hormones: a review","headline":"Peripheral metabolism of thyroid hormones: a review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/peripheral-metabolism-of-thyroid-hormones-a-review-recaxvxkumcn2mog6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kelly GS"}],"datePublished":"2000-08-24","abstract":"Peripheral metabolism of thyroid hormones is a critical component of the impact these hormones have on intracellular function. Thyroid hormones can be metabolized in peripheral tissue by deiodination, conjugation, deamination, and decarboxylation enzyme reactions. Therefore, alterations in these metabolic pathways might significantly impact the quantity of specific thyroid hormone metabolites influencing function at the cellular level. Available evidence also suggests that, under some circumstances, the activity of hepatic antioxidant enzyme systems and lipid peroxidation might influence the peripheral metabolism of thyroid hormones. Several syndromes, such as \"euthyroid sick syndrome\" and \"low T3 syndrome,\" have been classified within the medical literature. The common feature of these disorders is a low level of circulating T3, with generally normal to slightly elevated blood T4 levels and either normal or slightly suppressed TSH levels. This pattern of altered thyroid hormone levels is generally agreed to be a result of impairment in extra-thyroidal peripheral metabolism. Hepatic and renal pathology, as well as catabolic states such as those induced subsequent to severe injury, illness, or trauma result in consistent shifts in the thyroid hormone profile, secondary to their impact on peripheral enzyme pathways. Lifestyle factors, such as stress, caloric restriction, and exercise, influence peripheral metabolism of thyroid hormones. Exposure to toxic metals, chemical poisons, and several drugs can also influence the peripheral fate of thyroid hormones. While the role of vitamins, minerals, and botanical extracts in thyroid hormone metabolism requires further elucidation, current evidence supports a role for selenium in the hepatic 5'-deiodination enzyme.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Alternative Medicine Review : a Journal of Clinical Therapeutic"}}},"pageStart":"306","pageEnd":"333","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/canadian-normative-data-for-the-sf-36-health-survey-recczzjk87ieoismo/","name":"Canadian normative data for the SF-36 health survey. Canadian Multicentre  Osteoporosis Study Research Group","headline":"Canadian normative data for the SF-36 health survey. Canadian Multicentre  Osteoporosis Study Research Group","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/canadian-normative-data-for-the-sf-36-health-survey-recczzjk87ieoismo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Wilma Hopman"},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Anastassiadies"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alan Tenenhouse","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Poliquin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Coordinating Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fzvsb30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacques Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8155-677X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of MedicineLaval UniversityQuebec CityQCCanada"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tenneill Murray"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jonathan Adachi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"DA Hanley","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Calgary","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"EA Papadimitropoulos and the CaMos Research Group."},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudie Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5499-2661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1406-4251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lawrence Joseph","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3321-0587","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tanveer Towheed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8738-9394","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Rheumatology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rtaxr13"}}],"datePublished":"2000-08-22","abstract":"Background: The Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short Form (SF-36) is a widely used measure of health-related quality of life. Normative data are the key to determining whether a group or an individual scores above or below the average for their country, age or sex. Published norms for the SF-36 exist for other countries but have not been previously published for Canada.\n\nMethods: The Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study is a prospective cohort study involving 9423 randomly selected Canadian men and women aged 25 years or more living in the community. The sample was drawn within a 50-km radius of 9 Canadian cities, and the information collected included the SF-36 as a measure of health-related quality of life. This provided a unique opportunity to develop ageand sex-adjusted normative data for the Canadian population.\n\nResults: Canadian men scored substantially higher than women on all 8 domains and the 2 summary component scales of the SF-36. Canadians scored higher than their US counterparts on all SF-36 domains and both summary component scales and scored higher than their UK counterparts on 4 domains, although many of the differences are not large.\n\nInterpretation: The differences in the SF-36 scores between age groups, sexes and countries confirm that these Canadian norms are necessary for comparative purposes. The data will be useful for assessing the health status of the general population and of patient populations, and the effect of interventions on health-related quality of life.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"163","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association Journal = Journal De l'Association Medicale  Canadienne"}}},"pageStart":"265","pageEnd":"271","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/non-steroidal-anti-inflammatory-drugs-as-a-possible-cause-for-reversible-inferti-recjrejxnhnktgd6p/","name":"Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs as a possible cause for reversible infertility","headline":"Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs as a possible cause for reversible infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/non-steroidal-anti-inflammatory-drugs-as-a-possible-cause-for-reversible-inferti-recjrejxnhnktgd6p/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"L L Mendonça","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Lupus in Pregnancy Clinic, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M A Khamashta","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8927-6024","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Thomas' Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/054gk2851"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Catherine Nelson‐Piercy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9311-1196","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Thomas' Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/054gk2851"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B J Hunt","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4709-0774","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Thomas' Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/054gk2851"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G. R. V. Hughes"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Nelson-Piercy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6287-5552"}],"datePublished":"2000-08-22","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To highlight the possible association between infertility and treatment with long-term non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs). NSAIDs act mainly through the inhibition of cyclooxygenase, the enzyme that catalyses the synthesis of prostaglandins, which are essential mediators of ovulation, implantation and placentation of the conceptus.\n\nMETHODS: Case reports of four women suffering from severe arthritis, on long-term NSAIDs and undergoing extensive investigation and treatment for infertility.\n\nRESULTS: During the last 2 yr, four out of five women with severe arthritis and difficulty conceiving were counselled to stop NSAIDs, and they successfully conceived shortly after the withdrawal of NSAIDs.\n\nCONCLUSION: NSAIDs, used largely for the treatment of rheumatological conditions, may be responsible for some cases of infertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"39","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Rheumatology (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"880","pageEnd":"882","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/39.8.880","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74205342"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/rheumatology/39.8.880"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10952743"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q74205342"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/perineal-endometriosis-with-anal-sphincter-involvement-report-of-a-case-reco2upvnsfpiruyp/","name":"Perineal endometriosis with anal sphincter involvement: report of a case","headline":"Perineal endometriosis with anal sphincter involvement: report of a case","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/perineal-endometriosis-with-anal-sphincter-involvement-report-of-a-case-reco2upvnsfpiruyp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Tracy L. Hull","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8138-2658","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Colon and Rectal Surgery Associates","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03c34x898"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L S Dougherty","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Colon and Rectal Surgery Associates","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03c34x898"}}],"datePublished":"2000-08-19","abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Perineal endometriosis with anal sphincter involvement is an infrequent occurrence. Wide excision is the best chance of cure of perineal endometriosis but may cause incontinence when the anal sphincter is involved. Conversely, narrow excision may result in incomplete removal, with increased recurrence rates and need of additional therapy. Wide excision with primary sphincteroplasty and narrow excision surgical techniques are reviewed.\n\nMETHODS: One case report of perineal endometriosis with anal sphincter involvement and previously reported cases were reviewed. Patients were compared based on type of resection (wide or narrow excision) and outcome.\n\nRESULTS: Since 1957 there have been seven reported cases of perineal endometriosis with anal sphincter involvement, with the present authors adding one additional case for a total of eight. The mean age was 33 (range, 22-47) years. Surgical treatment included wide excision with primary sphincteroplasty (2 cases), narrow excision (4 cases), and incomplete excision (1 case). One case spontaneously regressed after a subsequent pregnancy. There were two recurrences in the narrow excision group and no recurrences in the wide excision group. There were no complications reported for any of the procedures.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Although follow-up time was variable and the numbers small, wide excision with primary sphincteroplasty for patients with perineal endometriosis with anal sphincter involvement seems to be the best chance of cure with good functional results. It should be considered particularly in younger patients to obviate the need of long-term subsequent hormonal therapy or re-excision for symptomatic recurrences. In contrast, patients closer to menopause (when endometriosis tends to regress) may be treated optimally by narrow excision to avoid the risks of significant anal sphincter resection.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"43","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Diseases of the Colon and Rectum"}}},"pageStart":"1157","pageEnd":"1160","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02236565","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34009390"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/BF02236565"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10950016"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34009390"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/profile-and-opinions-of-the-female-persona-user-in-the-netherlands-recuzqkk4fsc9gpp8/","name":"Profile and opinions of the female Persona user in The Netherlands","headline":"Profile and opinions of the female Persona user in The Netherlands","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/profile-and-opinions-of-the-female-persona-user-in-the-netherlands-recuzqkk4fsc9gpp8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rik H. W. van Lunsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3015-031X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Amsterdam","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04dkp9463"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C J Janssen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8107-7692","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Sexology and Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynecology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands."}}],"datePublished":"2000-08-16","abstract":"Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to investigate the profile of the Dutch Persona user and her opinion about this relatively new way of natural birth control. The results of the study were used to draw conclusions for the suitability for Persona as a contraceptive method. METHOD: Data from 137 users of the device were obtained from structured questionnaires.\n\nResults: The 'Persona woman' is typically in a steady relationship, highly educated and has an above-average income. She wants to have a contraceptive method with no side-effects and desires children in the future. She is therefore looking for information about her own cycle. It is remarkable that one in four women uses the system to help in planning a pregnancy instead of avoiding one.\n\nConclusions: Persona seems to be a welcome alternative for natural family planning and for couples who have no absolute negative attitude towards a(nother) child, but want to postpone their first pregnancy or to space pregnancies. The method is not reliable enough to be used as the only contraceptive method when a couple absolutely wants to prevent a pregnancy. Another conclusion that can be drawn is that the method improves fertility awareness.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care : the Official  Journal of the European Society of Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"141","pageEnd":"146","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/13625180008500388","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40752385"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/13625180008500388"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10943577"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40752385"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-contribution-of-mild-and-moderate-preterm-birth-to-infant-mortality-fetal-an-recuxfftfzzz5pqu0/","name":"The contribution of mild and moderate preterm birth to infant mortality. Fetal and Infant Health Study Group of the Canadian Perinatal Surveillance System","headline":"The contribution of mild and moderate preterm birth to infant mortality. Fetal and Infant Health Study Group of the Canadian Perinatal Surveillance System","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-contribution-of-mild-and-moderate-preterm-birth-to-infant-mortality-fetal-an-recuxfftfzzz5pqu0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R Sauvé"},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Demissie"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael S Kramer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5977-8461","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Pediatrics, McGill University Faculty of Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02w6r0892"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Liston"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert W Platt","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5981-8443"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Huanming Yang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0858-3410","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}}],"datePublished":"2000-08-11","abstract":"CONTEXT: The World Health Organization defines preterm birth as birth at less than 37 completed gestational weeks, but most studies have focused on very preterm infants (birth at <32 weeks) because of their high risk of mortality and serious morbidity. However, infants born at 32 through 36 weeks are more common and their public health impact has not been well studied.\n\nOBJECTIVE: To assess the quantitative contribution of mild (birth at 34-36 gestational weeks) and moderate (birth at 32-33 gestational weeks) preterm birth to infant mortality.\n\nDESIGN, SETTING, AND\n\nPARTICIPANTS: Population-based cohort study using linked singleton live birth-infant death cohort files for US birth cohorts for 1985 and 1995 and Canadian birth cohorts (excluding Ontario) for 1985-1987 and 1992-1994.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Relative risks (RRs) and etiologic fractions (EFs) for overall and cause-specific early neonatal (age 0-6 days), late neonatal (age 7-27 days), postneonatal (age 28-364 days), and total infant death among mild and moderate preterm births vs term births (at >/=37 gestational weeks).\n\nRESULTS: Relative risks for infant death from all causes among singletons born at 32 through 33 gestational weeks were 6.6 (95% confidence interval [CI], 6.1-7.0) in the United States in 1995 and 15.2 (95% CI, 13.2-17.5) in Canada in 1992-1994; among singletons born at 34 through 36 gestational weeks, the RRs were 2.9 (95% CI, 2.8-3.0) and 4.5 (95% CI, 4.0-5.0), respectively. Corresponding EFs were 3.2% and 4.8%, respectively, at 32 through 33 gestational weeks and 6.3% and 8.0%, respectively, at 34 through 36 gestational weeks; the sum of the EFs for births at 32 through 33 and 34 through 36 gestational weeks exceeded those for births at 28 through 31 gestational weeks. Substantial RRs were observed overall for the neonatal (eg, for early neonatal deaths, 14.6 and 33.0 for US and Canadian infants, respectively, born at 32-33 gestational weeks; EFs, 3.6% and and 6. 2% for US and Canadian infants, respectively) and postneonatal (RRs, 2.1-3.8 and 3.0-7.0 for US and Canadian infants, respectively, born at 32-36 gestational weeks; EFs, 2.7%-5.8% and 3.0%-7.0% for the same groups, respectively) periods and for death due to asphyxia, infection, sudden infant death syndrome, and external causes. Except for a reduction in the RR and EF for neonatal mortality due to infection, the patterns have changed little since 1985 in either country.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Mild- and moderate-preterm birth infants are at high RR for death during infancy and are responsible for an important fraction of infant deaths. JAMA. 2000;284:843-849","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"284","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA"}}},"pageStart":"843","pageEnd":"849","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.284.7.843","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74153035"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jama.284.7.843"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10938173"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q74153035"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/multiple-gestation-reflections-on-epidemiology-causes-and-consequences-recxpxlut98eu5snw/","name":"Multiple gestation: reflections on epidemiology, causes, and consequences","headline":"Multiple gestation: reflections on epidemiology, causes, and consequences","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/multiple-gestation-reflections-on-epidemiology-causes-and-consequences-recxpxlut98eu5snw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Keith LG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Oleszczuk","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical University of Lublin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016f61126"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Keith DM"}],"datePublished":"2000-08-10","abstract":"Multiple births (of all orders) increased in epidemic proportions in the years 1971-1997. Twins increased 53%, 32%, 31%, and 83% in white, Afro-American, Native American and Mexican American women, respectively. Triplet, quadruplet, and quintuplet+ births increased >400%, >1,100%, and >500%, respectively, in the same years. The principal causes of these changes are related to the increasing age of the maternal cohort and an increasing incidence of fertility-inhibiting diseases and conditions in association with advancing maternal age. Major immediate consequences of these changes include disproportionately large numbers of infants born at <33 weeks' gestation (1.7% for singletons vs. 41.2% for triplets) and at <1,500 g birth weight (1.1% for singletons vs. 31.9% for triplets). Additional short-term consequences include an almost 2,000% increase in infant deaths (per 1,000 live births) among triplets compared with singletons (190.4 vs. 11.2). Long-term risks include a 300% increase in the relative risk of handicap in triplets compared with singletons (2.9 vs. 1.0), and a 650% increase in the rate of cerebral palsy per 1,000 live births in triplets compared with singletons (26.6 vs. 1.6). Peripartum costs relate to prematurity rather than plurality, as do lifetime survivorship costs, which relate to morbidities and subsequent health-related problems.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"45","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Fertility and Women's Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"206","pageEnd":"214","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/disposition-of-extra-embryos-recahlwcin8jijblv/","name":"Disposition of extra embryos","headline":"Disposition of extra embryos","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/disposition-of-extra-embryos-recahlwcin8jijblv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S A Beyler","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M A Fritz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04r3kq386"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W R Meyer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}}],"datePublished":"2000-08-06","abstract":"Contemporary practice in assisted reproductive technologies (ART) compensates for the attrition that occurs at each phase of the cycle. Every follicle does not yield an egg, nor does every egg fertilize. Of those that do, many fail to properly develop, and even fewer implant. Nevertheless, ART cycles usually result in more embryos than are needed for transfer. With clinical and laboratory advances in the field and the undeniable need to reduce the incidence of multiple gestation, we must focus increased attention on these “spare” or “extra” embryos and their fate.\nThe relative quality of extra embryos clearly influences their disposition. Although the pregnancy potential of any single embryo is always uncertain, a fragmented embryo from a patient over the age of 40 generally has less potential than a morphologically normal one from an egg donor. Data from 1996 SART registry (1) suggests that only 4% of transferred embryos from patients 39 years and older result in a child, whereas this number is approximately 12% in women under 35. Because most programs choose the highest quality embryos for transfer, potential implantation rates for spare embryos would be lower.\nRegistry data are invaluable to track progress in the field, but they do little to guide decisions concerning individual patients, because the implantation rate of any given embryo of reasonable morphology is either zero or 100%. In the absence of more reliable markers of implantation potential, we must assume that all transferred embryos can implant. . .","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"74","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"213","pageEnd":"215","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(00)00649-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q53515926"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(00)00649-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10927034"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q53515926"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/infertility-is-a-symptom-not-a-disease-rechuqhzsirlo0wxr/","name":"Infertility is a symptom, not a disease","headline":"Infertility is a symptom, not a disease","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/infertility-is-a-symptom-not-a-disease-rechuqhzsirlo0wxr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R P Dickey","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3371-2835","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01qv8fp92"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Y Lu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6183-5237","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01qv8fp92"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P H Rye","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Houston Fertility Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ke8w717"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B M Sartor","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01qv8fp92"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S N Taylor","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01qv8fp92"}}],"datePublished":"2000-08-06","abstract":"In an otherwise excellent editorial that appeared in this journal concerning the problems created by failure of the Health Insurance Industry to provide coverage for infertility, the author, a noted academician and clinician, repeatedly referred to infertility as a disease (1). The mistaken idea that infertility is a disease is commonplace among not only academicians and clinicians but also among third-party payers and the general public and is one of the reasons that infertility is not covered by most insurance plans.\nThe facts are that infertility and its frequent companion, anovulation, are not diseases; they are symptoms of underlying, sometimes serious disease in one or both marital partners. One result of considering infertility and anovulation as diseases rather than as symptoms is that unnecessarily powerful and expensive treatments may be used to obtain an immediate pregnancy, whereas chronic disease that may affect lifelong health is overlooked.\nJust as the symptoms chronic headache, chronic stomach pain, and chronic chest pain may be caused by underlying disease, so may infertility be caused by underlying disease. Endometriosis, uterine fibroids, benign ovarian tumors, and pelvic adhesive disease are causes of infertility that can be treated by laparoscopy, if detected early, but may require more extensive surgery later if they remain undiagnosed. Anovulation may be due to insulin resistance that can result in diabetes or cardiovascular disease later in life (2) or any of a number of other endocrine disorders with lifelong effects.\nA 1991 study from the Centers for Disease Control and prevention (CDC) found that the lifetime risk of developing endometrial cancer was increased not only in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome but also in infertile patients with hypothyroidism, uterine fibroids, and endometriosis (3). Infertile women with any of these conditions who conceived a term pregnancy did not have an increased risk of endometrial cancer.\nA major obstacle to the treatment of infertility as a symptom by the Health Insurance Industry is the way it is characterized in the International Classification of Diseases, Volume 9 (ICD). In the ICD, female infertility (Code 628.0) and male infertility (606.0) are classified as diseases but are clearly treated as symptoms. Female infertility is listed as “associated with,” “due to,” or “having its origin in” 30 other conditions. Similarly, male infertility is listed as “due to” 12 other conditions. Anovulation is given the same diagnostic code number as female infertility (628.0) and is not classified further as to its underlying causes. Health insurers have taken advantage of this to deny coverage for endocrine evaluation of patients with anovulation on the basis that it is synonymous with infertility.\nThe ICD needs to be revised according to modern understanding of anovulation and the causes of female and male infertility, as was done in the 1999 edition for complications of pregnancy and childbirth. Health insurers must acknowledge that anovulation is a symptom separate from infertility that requires diagnosis and treatment irrespective of a desire to become pregnant. All of us, practicing physicians and academicians, should make establishment of an accurate and complete diagnosis our first goal when presented with an infertile couple.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"74","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"398","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(00)00604-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74114704"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(00)00604-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10927067"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q74114704"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/laparoscopy-in-the-normal-infertile-patient-a-question-revisited-recqsww7hgsjifpsa/","name":"Laparoscopy in the \"normal\" infertile patient: a question revisited","headline":"Laparoscopy in the \"normal\" infertile patient: a question revisited","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/laparoscopy-in-the-normal-infertile-patient-a-question-revisited-recqsww7hgsjifpsa/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S L Corson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4394-551X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Thomas Jefferson University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04zhhva53"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Norma Jacqueline","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Thomas Jefferson University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04zhhva53"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Cheng","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4822-3269","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pennsylvania Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mvdc478"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J N Gutmann"}],"datePublished":"2000-08-05","abstract":"STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of reproductive pathology in a group of infertile women thought to be at low risk for altered pelvic anatomy.\n\nDESIGN: Retrospective chart review and follow-up (Canadian Task Force classification II-2).\n\nSETTING: Academic-affiliated, private reproductive endocrinology practice.\n\nPATIENTS: One hundred infertile women.\n\nINTERVENTION: Diagnostic and/or therapeutic laparoscopy.\n\nMEASUREMENTS AND\n\nMAIN RESULTS: Of 100 patients with a negative reproductive work-up up to the point of laparoscopy, 68 had pathology of reproductive\n\nsignificance: intrinsic tubal disease 24, peritubal adhesive disease 34, and endometriosis 43, some in combination. Laparoscopy was especially helpful in establishing treatment protocols for older women, who were referred for assisted reproductive techniques earlier than otherwise might have been the case. Women conceived after hormone therapy and after operative intervention. Although the hysterosalpingogram was read as normal in all women, tubal disease was diagnosed laparoscopically, independent of endometriosis, in 27 patients, with 2 having complete obstruction. Endometriosis stage I-II was found in 22 patients, stage III in 13, and stage IV in 6.\n\nCONCLUSION: Even in women thought to be at low risk for significant pelvic pathology affecting reproduction, the yield was high. Although some pregnancies were achieved after operative intervention, frequently laparoscopy was helpful in making a decision to go to assisted reproductive technology, particularly when infertility had been of long duration and in older women. Frequently the degree of pathology was such that a full operating suite was necessary to provide adequate instrumentation and anesthesia for operative intervention, which would not have been the case with office laparoscopy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of the American Association of Gynecologic Laparoscopists"}}},"pageStart":"317","pageEnd":"324","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s1074-3804(05)60473-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33989644"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s1074-3804(05)60473-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10924624"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33989644"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/contribution-of-assisted-reproductive-technology-and-ovulation-inducing-drugs-to-recoc5x9jqtidwuzc/","name":"Contribution of assisted reproductive technology and ovulation-inducing drugs to triplet and higher-order multiple births--United States, 1980-1997","headline":"Contribution of assisted reproductive technology and ovulation-inducing drugs to triplet and higher-order multiple births--United States, 1980-1997","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/contribution-of-assisted-reproductive-technology-and-ovulation-inducing-drugs-to-recoc5x9jqtidwuzc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"CDC"}],"datePublished":"2000-08-03","abstract":"In the United States, pregnancies associated with assisted reproductive technology (ART) or ovulation-inducing drugs are more likely to result in multiple births than spontaneously conceived pregnancies (1). In addition, triplet and higher-order multiple births are at greater risk than singleton births to be preterm (< or = 37 completed weeks' gestation), low birthweight (LBW) (i.e., < or = 2500 g), or very low birthweight (i.e., < 1500 g), resulting in higher infant morbidity and mortality (2). Because preterm and LBW infants often require costly neonatal care and long-term developmental follow-up, the continuing increase in triplet and higher-order multiple births causes concern among health-care providers and policymakers (3). This report provides estimates of the contribution of ART and ovulation-inducing drugs to these birth outcomes for 1996 and 1997, and summarizes trends during 1980-1997, which indicate that the ratio of triplet and higher-order multiple births has more than quadrupled and that a large proportion of this increase can be attributed to ART or the use of ovulation-inducing drugs.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"49","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report"}}},"pageStart":"535","pageEnd":"538","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gonadotropin-releasing-hormone-stimulated-sperm-binding-to-the-human-zona-is-mediated-by-a-calcium-influx-reczz1wtmzeccdg1o/","name":"Gonadotropin-releasing hormone-stimulated sperm binding to the human zona is mediated by a calcium influx","headline":"Gonadotropin-releasing hormone-stimulated sperm binding to the human zona is mediated by a calcium influx","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gonadotropin-releasing-hormone-stimulated-sperm-binding-to-the-human-zona-is-mediated-by-a-calcium-influx-reczz1wtmzeccdg1o/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"P Morales","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7290-7029","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Kerr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3489-931X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Francisco Ceric","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5526-3399","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Kong","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Antofagasta","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04eyc6d95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Pizarro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1146-1046","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Antofagasta","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04eyc6d95"}}],"datePublished":"2000-08-01","abstract":"The mechanism by which GnRH increases sperm-zona pellucida binding in humans was investigated in this study. We tested whether GnRH increases sperm-zona binding in Ca(2+)-free medium and in the presence of Ca(2+) channel antagonists. We also examined the GnRH effect on the intracellular free Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)). Sperm treatment with GnRH increased sperm-zona binding 300% but only when Ca(2+) was present in the medium. In Ca(2+)-free medium or in the presence of 400 nM nifedipine, 80 microM diltiazem, or 50 microM verapamil, GnRH did not influence sperm-zona binding. GnRH increased the [Ca(2+)](i) in the sperm in a dose-dependent manner. The maximum effect was reached with 75 nM GnRH. The GnRH-induced increase in [Ca(2+)](i) was fast and transient, from a basal [Ca(2+)](i) of 413 +/- 22 nM to a peak value of 797 +/- 24 nM. The GnRH-induced increase in [Ca(2+)](i) was entirely due to a Ca(2+) influx from the extracellular medium because the increase in [Ca(2+)](i) was blocked by the Ca(2+) chelator EGTA and by the Ca(2+) channel antagonists nifedipine and diltiazem. These antagonists, however, were not able to inhibit the progesterone-activated Ca(2+) influx. On the contrary, T-type calcium channel antagonists pimozide and mibefradil did not affect GnRH-activated Ca(2+) influx but inhibited the progesterone-activated Ca(2+) influx. Finally, the GnRH-induced Ca(2+) influx was blocked by two specific GnRH antagonists, Ac-D-Nal(1)-Cl-D-Phe(2)-3-Pyr-D-Ala(3)-Arg(5)-D-Glu(AA)(6)-GnRH and Ac-(3,4)-dehydro-Pro(1),-p-fluoro-D-Phe(2), D-Trp(3,6)-GnRH. These results suggest that GnRH increases sperm-zona binding via an elevation of [Ca(2+)](i) through T-type, voltage-operated calcium channels.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"63","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Biology of reproduction"}}},"pageStart":"635","pageEnd":"642","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod63.2.635","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42490968"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1095/biolreprod63.2.635"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10906075"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q42490968"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/population-based-screening-for-postpartum-depression-recwo1rokfv2ofary/","name":"Population-based screening for postpartum depression","headline":"Population-based screening for postpartum depression","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/population-based-screening-for-postpartum-depression-recwo1rokfv2ofary/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A M Georgiopoulos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0924-4031","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mayo Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T L Bryan"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M S Houston"},{"@type":"Person","name":"T A Rummans"},{"@type":"Person","name":"T M Therneau"},{"@type":"Person","name":"B P Yawn"}],"datePublished":"2000-07-27","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To estimate the community prevalence in Olmsted County, Minnesota of elevated scores on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, a self-report screening tool for postpartum depression.\n\nMETHODS: At the 6-week postpartum visit, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale was administered to women who gave birth in Olmsted County between July 28, 1997 and March 28, 1998. Study sites included all ambulatory clinics that provide pregnancy care in the county, and women who missed postpartum visits were contacted by mail. A threshold of 12 or more points on the scale was selected for clinical use; data for scores of ten and above were also examined.\n\nRESULTS: Of the 909 Olmsted County women studied (response rate 83.2%), 11.4% (n = 104) had scores of 12 or greater, with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 9.4%, 13.5%. The percentage of women with a positive screen increased to 19.8% (n = 180; 95% CI 17.2%, 22.4%) when scores of 10 or higher were included, as has been recommended for screening in primary care settings. Forty-eight or 5.3% of the subjects (95% CI 3.8%, 6.7%) indicated experiencing suicidal ideation during the previous week.\n\nCONCLUSION: More than 11% of women had elevated scores on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, indicating a high likelihood of postpartum depression and the need for further assessment. The screening process required little extra time and was acceptable to the subjects and clinicians. Screening for postpartum depression is appropriate and feasible for clinical practice and increases the identification of women suffering from this serious, common, and highly treatable disorder.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"93","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5 Pt 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"653","pageEnd":"657","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(98)00543-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74060981"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0029-7844(98)00543-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10912961"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q74060981"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptives-and-fatal-pulmonary-embolism-recd80mblixuicmt2/","name":"Oral contraceptives and fatal pulmonary embolism","headline":"Oral contraceptives and fatal pulmonary embolism","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptives-and-fatal-pulmonary-embolism-recd80mblixuicmt2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lianne Parkin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6824-6176","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Otago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01jmxt844"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peter Herbison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5684-024X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Otago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01jmxt844"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G P Herbison"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Paul","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2940-8547","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Otago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01jmxt844"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D C Skegg","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Otago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01jmxt844"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Wilson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4039-6527","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Otago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01jmxt844"}}],"datePublished":"2000-07-21","abstract":"In a national case-control study of fatal pulmonary embolism in New Zealand women of childbearing age, we estimated that current users of combined oral contraceptives had a relative risk of 9.6 (95% CI 3.1-29.1). From national distribution data, the absolute risk of death from pulmonary embolism in current users was estimated to be 10.5 per million woman-years.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"355","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9221","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Lancet (London, England)"}}},"pageStart":"2133","pageEnd":"2134","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(00)02382-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50662585"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/S0140-6736(00)02382-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10902629"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50662585"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-regimens-containing-oral-micronized-progesterone-or-medroxyprogest-recwdcvclf5qth4b2/","name":"Comparison of regimens containing oral micronized progesterone or medroxyprogesterone acetate on quality of life in postmenopausal women: a cross-sectional survey","headline":"Comparison of regimens containing oral micronized progesterone or medroxyprogesterone acetate on quality of life in postmenopausal women: a cross-sectional survey","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-regimens-containing-oral-micronized-progesterone-or-medroxyprogest-recwdcvclf5qth4b2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"L A Fitzpatrick","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1377-9792","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mayo Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Pace"},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Wiita"}],"datePublished":"2000-06-27","abstract":"A cross-sectional survey was conducted to examine quality of life (QOL) related to physiological, somatic, and vasomotor effects of changing progestogen treatment from medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) to micronized progesterone in postmenopausal women. Eligible women (n = 176) were currently using hormone replacement therapy (HRT) containing micronized progesterone for 1-6 months and had previously received HRT containing MPA. QOL was assessed via telephone interview using the Greene Climacteric Scale and the Women's Health Questionnaire. When compared with the MPA-containing regimen, women using micronized progesterone-containing HRT experienced significant improvement in vasomotor symptoms, somatic complaints, and anxiety and depressive symptoms. Women reported improved perceptions of their patterns of vaginal bleeding and control of menopausal symptoms while on the micronized progesterone-containing regimen. Approximately 80% of women reported overall satisfaction with the micronized progesterone-containing regimen. A micronized progesterone-containing HRT regimen offers the potential for improved QOL as measured by improvement of menopause-associated symptoms.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Women's Health & Gender-based Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"381","pageEnd":"387","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1089/15246090050020691","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33906954"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1089/15246090050020691"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10868610"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33906954"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-importance-of-user-compliance-on-the-effectiveness-of-natural-family-plannin-recwkbwilrrn9p7pw/","name":"The importance of user compliance on the effectiveness of natural family planning  programs","headline":"The importance of user compliance on the effectiveness of natural family planning  programs","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-importance-of-user-compliance-on-the-effectiveness-of-natural-family-plannin-recwkbwilrrn9p7pw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"G A Tommaselli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8501-912X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Pathophysiology of Human Reproduction, School of Medicine, University Federico II of Naples, Italy."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Guida","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7444-016X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Naples Federico II","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05290cv24"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Palomba","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2767-8295","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Naples Federico II","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05290cv24"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Pellicano","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5701-0822","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Naples Federico II","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05290cv24"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Nappi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Naples Federico II","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05290cv24"}}],"datePublished":"2000-06-03","abstract":"Nowadays, there is an increasing interest in natural family planning methods. The biological basis for the application of natural family planning methods is the recognition of ovulation and, more extensively, of the fertile period. Several studies in the past decade have shown the efficacy of these methods and that the main cause of failure was either a conscious departure from the rules of the method or erroneous application of the method. Another problem affecting natural family planning that has been highlighted is the relatively high discontinuation rate. These features are probably due to low compliance in applying the natural family planning rules, which may be too demanding for a number of couples. In this review, there are comments on the application of natural family planning methods, the discontinuation rates and the failure of the method due to mistakes in the studies carried out in the past 15 years. Steps that can be taken to limit mistakes and discontinuity are also addressed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Gynecological Endocrinology : the Official Journal of the International Society  of Gynecological Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"81","pageEnd":"89","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3109/09513590009167665","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33932341"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3109/09513590009167665"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10836194"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33932341"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/avoiding-multiple-pregnancies-in-art-consideration-of-new-strategies-reccek0fzlufkn6rg/","name":"Avoiding multiple pregnancies in ART: consideration of new strategies","headline":"Avoiding multiple pregnancies in ART: consideration of new strategies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/avoiding-multiple-pregnancies-in-art-consideration-of-new-strategies-reccek0fzlufkn6rg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ulla‐Britt Wennerholm","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2475-2226","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sahlgrenska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vgqjj36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"O Hovatta","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5395-3807","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pgex273"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P.O. Karlström"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Bergh","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sahlgrenska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vgqjj36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Hazekamp","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Volvat Medical Center, Oslo, Norway."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Selbing","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Linköping University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05h1aye87"}}],"datePublished":"2000-06-01","abstract":"To maximize pregnancy rates, physicians who perform IVF, often transfer multiple embryos, which increases the multiple birth risk. Multiple birth infants are at significant risk for a number of adverse outcomes including preterm delivery, low birth weight, congenital malformations, fetal and infant deaths and long term morbidity and disability among survivors. Since the ultimate goal for an IVF treatment is the birth of a healthy infant, an important issue for all kinds of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) must be the reduction or elimination of multiple pregnancies. In this article, different strategies to avoid multiple births in ART are discussed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1217","pageEnd":"1219","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/15.6.1217","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33930202"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/15.6.1217"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10831543"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33930202"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/uterine-contractility-during-the-menstrual-cycle-nfmocya6/","name":"Uterine contractility during the menstrual cycle","headline":"Uterine contractility during the menstrual cycle","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/uterine-contractility-during-the-menstrual-cycle-nfmocya6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Carlo Bulletti","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8190-9387","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yale University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03v76x132"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dominique De Ziegler","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2513-8220","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mkjjy25"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"V Polli"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Diotallevi L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Del Ferro E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Flamigni"}],"datePublished":"2000-06-01","abstract":"The non-pregnant uterus shows different patterns of contractility during the menstrual cycle. A renewed interest in uterine contractility has resulted from reports of non-invasive ultrasound (US) based studies. To clarify the changes in uterine contractility occurring throughout the menstrual cycle, we prospectively studied uterine contractions (UC) at six representative stages with US and intrauterine pressure (IUP) based approaches in 30 cycling volunteers. Results showed UC frequency could be measured by either US or IUP. UC amplitude and resting pressure tone could only be assessed by IUP. Conversely, direction of UC displacement could only be assessed by US. UC frequency increased at mid-cycle and decreased throughout the luteal phase suggesting oestradiol and progesterone exert positive and negative actions on uterine contractility, respectively. UC amplitude increased throughout the menstrual cycle to maximum values in the late luteal phase. Retrograde UC were most frequent at mid-cycle and convergent ('opposing') UC predominated during the luteal phase. While the former pattern ensures sperm transport, the latter may facilitate embryo implantation. In conclusion, UC changes throughout the menstrual cycle assessed by US and IUP emphasize the hormonal dependence of uterine contractility. Although UC patterns favouring sperm transport appear regulated by oestradiol, uterine quiescence and the dominance of convergent UC prevailing at the time of implantation are linked to progesterone. These data will serve to identify and treat possible dyskinetic changes in uterine contractility, particularly in women suffering from infertility, endometriosis, and dysmenorrhea.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15 Suppl 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"}},"pageStart":"81","pageEnd":"9","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/15.suppl_1.81","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41752767"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/15.suppl_1.81"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10928421"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41752767"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polycystic-ovary-syndrome-as-an-autoimmune-disease-a-new-concept-recgc0zj85sbugebn/","name":"Polycystic Ovary Syndrome as an Autoimmune Disease: A New Concept","headline":"Polycystic Ovary Syndrome as an Autoimmune Disease: A New Concept","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polycystic-ovary-syndrome-as-an-autoimmune-disease-a-new-concept-recgc0zj85sbugebn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Amjad Ali","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9725-1636","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hazara University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/018y22094"}}],"datePublished":"2000-06-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/increased-adverse-pregnancy-outcomes-with-unreliable-last-menstruation-recc9gdnzht5f1x7s/","name":"Increased adverse pregnancy outcomes with unreliable last menstruation","headline":"Increased adverse pregnancy outcomes with unreliable last menstruation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/increased-adverse-pregnancy-outcomes-with-unreliable-last-menstruation-recc9gdnzht5f1x7s/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Tuan M. Nguyen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8058-7750","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Herlev Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wys9y90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Van Thanh Nguyen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City","sameAs":"https://ror.org/025kb2624"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Huong-Dung Thi Nguyen"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Møller H","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0521-9736","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rigshospitalet Hjertecentret"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Engholm"},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Larsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0472-6947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mayo Clinic"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tuan V Nguyen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0200-0985","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UNSW Sydney","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63"}}],"datePublished":"2000-06-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To estimate the risk of adverse outcomes in women whose first day of the last menstrual period (LMP) was unreliable.\n\nMETHODS: Among 20,244 singleton pregnancies with measurements of biparietal diameter between 12 and 22 weeks' gestation, LMP was registered as unreliable in 3775 (18.6%) and reliable in 16,469 (81.4%). Adverse outcomes were defined as spontaneous or missed abortions after 12 weeks' gestation, stillbirth or postnatal death within 1 year, preterm birth, birth weight less than 2500 g, and low birth weight (LBW) for gestation (lower than 22% below sex-specific expected weight). Logistic regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were used to analyze the risk of adverse outcomes.\n\nRESULTS: The risk of death was doubled in pregnant women with unreliable LMPs compared with those with reliable LMPs (odds ratio [OR] 2.0; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.5, 2.6). This risk was highest with respect to stillbirth (OR 2.7; 95% CI 1.7, 4.3). The risks of preterm birth, LBW, and LBW for gestation were also significantly increased (ORs 1.5, 1.4, and 1.2; 95% CIs 1.3, 1.7; 1.2, 1.6; and 1. 0, 1.4, respectively).\n\nCONCLUSION: An unreliable LMP is associated with increased risk of adverse outcomes, especially fetal death.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"95","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6 Pt 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"867","pageEnd":"873","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(99)00639-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47866996"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0029-7844(99)00639-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10831983"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47866996"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/treatment-of-preterm-labor-with-human-chorionic-gonadotropin-a-new-modality-reccwfqnkriykxlbc/","name":"Treatment of Preterm Labor with Human Chorionic Gonadotropin: A New Modality","headline":"Treatment of Preterm Labor with Human Chorionic Gonadotropin: A New Modality","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/treatment-of-preterm-labor-with-human-chorionic-gonadotropin-a-new-modality-reccwfqnkriykxlbc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mohammed Ali Fareed  Mohammed Ali"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amjad Ali","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9725-1636","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hazara University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/018y22094"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fateen B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ezzet alA"}],"datePublished":"2000-06-01","abstract":"Background: Previous studies have demonstrated that human myometrium contains receptors for human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and that hCG can inhibit myometrial contractions in vitro.\n\nObjective: To use for the first time hCG as a tocolytic agent in the treatment of preterm labor.\n\nMethods: The study group included 100 women with preterm labor; 50 were assigned to receive HCC and 50 placebo. Assignment was made with stratification according to four categories of gestational age between 20–35 weeks. One half of the surviving infants were followed-up at 18 months. The protocol of the dosage consisted of one single dose of hCG 5,000 IV and 10,000 units of hCG in 500 dextrose as a drip of 20 drops per minute.\n\nResults: The mean length of time from randomization to delivery differs significantly for the two groups: 28.8 days for the hCG group and 15 days for the placebo treatment group (highly statistically significant, P <0.001). There was statistically significant difference (P <0.05) between the two groups regarding the induction of delivery before 37 weeks and the proportion of infants weighing less than 2,500 g. Human chorionic gonadotropin treatment was associated with an improvement score on the Bayley psychomotor development index.\n\nConclusions: Human chorionic gonadotropin exhibits potent tocolysis with no fetal side effects. This preliminary study suggests that HCG may be a candidate for tocolytic therapy of preterm labor.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"95","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics & Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"S61","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0029-7844(00)00718-3","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/S0029-7844(00)00718-3"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-gonadal-steroids-in-women-with-a-history-of-postpartum-depression-rechklaxltxxf5ltr/","name":"Effects of gonadal steroids in women with a history of postpartum depression","headline":"Effects of gonadal steroids in women with a history of postpartum depression","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-gonadal-steroids-in-women-with-a-history-of-postpartum-depression-rechklaxltxxf5ltr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M Bloch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4756-2495","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Behavioral Endocrinology Branch, NIMH, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892-1276, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P J Schmidt","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6565-0181","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Behavioral Endocrinology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1276, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Merry A. Danaceau","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Clinical Research (United States)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05fnzzk18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D R Rubinow","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0815-2263","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04xeg9z08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"James Murphy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7066-5575","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L K Nieman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0534-8025","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Health and Human Development (2HD) Research Network","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05asga947"}}],"datePublished":"2000-06-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: Endocrine factors are purported to play a role in the etiology of postpartum depression, but direct evidence for this role is lacking. The authors investigated the possible role of changes in gonadal steroid levels in postpartum depression by simulating two hormonal conditions related to pregnancy and parturition in euthymic women with and without a history of postpartum depression.\n\nMETHOD: The supraphysiologic gonadal steroid levels of pregnancy and withdrawal from these high levels to a hypogonadal state were simulated by inducing hypogonadism in euthymic women-eight with and eight without a history of postpartum depression-with the gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist leuprolide acetate, adding back supraphysiologic doses of estradiol and progesterone for 8 weeks, and then withdrawing both steroids under double-blind conditions. Outcome measures were daily symptom self-ratings and standardized subjective and objective cross-sectional mood rating scales.\n\nRESULTS: Five of the eight women with a history of postpartum depression (62.5%) and none of the eight women in the comparison group developed significant mood symptoms during the withdrawal period. Analysis of variance with repeated measures of daily and cross-sectional ratings of mood showed significant phase-by-group effects. These effects reflected significant increases in depressive symptoms in women with a history of postpartum depression but not in the comparison group after hormone withdrawal (and during the end of the hormone replacement phase), compared with baseline.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: The data provide direct evidence in support of the involvement of the reproductive hormones estrogen and progesterone in the development of postpartum depression in a subgroup of women. Further, they suggest that women with a history of postpartum depression are differentially sensitive to mood-destabilizing effects of gonadal steroids.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"157","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The American Journal of Psychiatry"}}},"pageStart":"924","pageEnd":"930","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.157.6.924","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33903674"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1176/appi.ajp.157.6.924"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10831472"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33903674"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/amniotic-fluid-interleukin-6-and-preterm-delivery-a-review-recnqqev5ywhpfwpo/","name":"Amniotic fluid interleukin-6 and preterm delivery: a review","headline":"Amniotic fluid interleukin-6 and preterm delivery: a review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/amniotic-fluid-interleukin-6-and-preterm-delivery-a-review-recnqqev5ywhpfwpo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"El-Bastawissi AY"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Riley DE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Krieger JN"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Hitti","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M A Williams","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5807-5281","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tufts University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05wvpxv85"}}],"datePublished":"2000-05-16","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the potential role of amniotic fluid (AF) interleukin (IL)-6 as a predictor of preterm delivery and to consider possible explanations for the proportion of women with elevated AF IL-6 who deliver preterm yet lack microbiologically detectable intra-amniotic infection.\n\nDATA SOURCES: We searched the English language human literature in MEDLINE, 1966 through September 1999, using the keywords \"labor/infant,\" \"premature,\" \"cytokines/interleukin-6,\" and \"AF.\" We also examined abstracts from the 1999 meetings of the Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine and the Society for Epidemiologic Research. We identified other studies by reviewing the reference lists of published articles.\n\nMETHODS OF STUDY SELECTION: The MEDLINE search yielded 55 citations. We focused on studies that reported on the association between AF IL-6 and preterm delivery.\n\nTABULATION, INTEGRATION, AND\n\nRESULTS: There is consensus in the literature that elevated AF IL-6 is a stronger predictor of preterm delivery than intra-amniotic infection detected by either microbiologic culture or polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Among women with elevated AF IL-6, PCR could detect a higher proportion of intra-amniotic infection than culture. A number of women with elevated AF IL-6 (33-70%) deliver preterm and do not have evidence of intra-amniotic infection by either culture or PCR. Possible explanations for this observation are considered.\n\nCONCLUSION: Elevated AF IL-6 is strongly associated with preterm delivery and merits future consideration in clinical settings to predict preterm delivery and guide patient care. Development of improved polymerase chain reaction-based clinical methods to detect intra-amniotic infection is necessary to better understand the relationship between elevated AF IL-6, intra-amniotic infection, and preterm delivery.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"95","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6 Pt 2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1056","pageEnd":"1064","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-in-vitro-fertilization-on-low-birth-weight-preterm-delivery-and-multi-recqfwtpaldo6b0si/","name":"Effects of in vitro fertilization on low birth weight, preterm delivery, and multiple birth","headline":"Effects of in vitro fertilization on low birth weight, preterm delivery, and multiple birth","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-in-vitro-fertilization-on-low-birth-weight-preterm-delivery-and-multi-recqfwtpaldo6b0si/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Suzanne Tough","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5583-7404","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alberta","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Calvin Greene","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5321-6628","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Alberta Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03pz1p187"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L W Svenson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3391-578X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alberta","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Belik","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1470-7827","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Alberta Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03pz1p187"}}],"datePublished":"2000-05-10","abstract":"PURPOSE: To quantify the contribution of in vitro fertilization (IVF) on changes in the rates of low birth weight (LBW), preterm delivery, very low birth weight, and multiple births during the past 3 years.\n\nMETHODS: Data on IVF pregnancies from 1994 to 1996 within Alberta were reviewed. Population data were obtained from the Provincial notice of a live or stillbirth.\n\nRESULTS: The IVF component of increased LBW rate in the province was 17.8% for infants <2500 g and 43.5% for those born <1500 g. IVF accounted for 10.5% of the provincial rate increase in deliveries <37 weeks' gestation and 66.2% of those <30 weeks' gestation. IVF accounted for 21.4% of the twins and all of the sets of triplets in the province.\n\nCONCLUSION: During a 3-year period IVF has affected the incidence of LBW, preterm delivery, and multiple birth. IVF is a substantial contributor to changes in very low birth weight and delivery before 30 weeks, which is partly related to multiple births.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"136","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Pediatrics"}}},"pageStart":"618","pageEnd":"622","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1067/mpd.2000.105132","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47239777"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1067/mpd.2000.105132"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10802493"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47239777"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/characteristics-of-women-associated-with-continuing-instruction-in-the-creighton-recx7culfxf0o5tbv/","name":"Characteristics of women associated with continuing instruction in the Creighton Model Fertility Care System","headline":"Characteristics of women associated with continuing instruction in the Creighton Model Fertility Care System","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/characteristics-of-women-associated-with-continuing-instruction-in-the-creighton-recx7culfxf0o5tbv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ken R Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0682-3705","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2000-05-10","abstract":"Effective use of natural family planning is strongly dependent upon adequate instruction. The Creighton Model Fertility Care System (CrMS) has a standardized protocol for instruction of new users that includes individual follow-up visits in the first year of use. This study evaluated the number of follow-up visits completed by new CrMS users from eight CrMS centers in the United States. Four follow-up visits were completed by 75.7% of women. Women who continued instruction were more likely to be educated, Catholic, and white, and to have a more challenging reproductive status (discontinuing oral contraceptives, or breastfeeding). These results suggest that the number of follow-up visits needed varies among new CrMS users. Future research should address the optimal length of instruction for adequate use of the CrMS by women with different characteristics and needs.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"61","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"121","pageEnd":"129","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0010-7824(00)00084-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40765982"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0010-7824(00)00084-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10802277"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40765982"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/barrier-agents-for-preventing-adhesions-after-surgery-for-subfertility-recgm5t1uzrpohjpf/","name":"Barrier agents for preventing adhesions after surgery for subfertility","headline":"Barrier agents for preventing adhesions after surgery for subfertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/barrier-agents-for-preventing-adhesions-after-surgery-for-subfertility-recgm5t1uzrpohjpf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C Farquhar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3685-3553","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Auckland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03b94tp07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Watson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5914-300X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tameside Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04d713p41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Vail","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8274-2726","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Salford Royal Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027rkpb34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David M. Wiseman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8367-6158"},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Vandekerckhove","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Mary’s Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/041j39g66"}}],"datePublished":"2000-05-05","abstract":"Background: Pelvic adhesions can be the result of inflamation, endometriosis or surgical trauma. Prevention of postoperative adhesions (either new or reoccurance) has been postulated by using barriers to prevent two surfaces being in contact. When pelvic surgery is being undertaken strategies to reduce pelvic adhesions occurring may be undertaken and these include barrier agents which are placed between the pelvic structures. Two synthetic barriers with differential characteristics are commercially available: oxidised regenerated cellulose (Interceed) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFC) (GoreTex).\n\nObjectives: The objective of this review was to assess the effect of mechanical barriers (materials interposed between pelvic structures to prevent adherence of serosal surfaces) used during pelvic surgery in women of reproductive age on pregnancy rates, pelvic pain, or postoperative adhesion reformation.\nSearch Strategy: The Cochrane Menstrual Disorders and Subfertility Group specialised register of controlled clinical trials was undertaken. In addition, companies were contacted for unpublished trials.\nSelection Criteria: Randomised controlled trials or controlled clinical trials of barriers versus no treatment or other barriers in women undergoing fertility preserving pelvic surgery. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Reviewers assessed eligibility and trial quality.\n\nMAIN Results: 15 randomised controlled trials were included. Five trials randomised patients while the remainder randomised pelvic organs. Laparoscopy was the primary surgical technique in six trials while the remaining trials were laparotomy. Indications for surgery included myomectomy (five trials), ovarian surgery (four trials), pelvic adhesions (six trials), endometriosis (two trials) and mixed (one trial). Thirteen trials assessed Interceed versus no treatment, two assessed Interceed versus Gore-Tex, one trial assessed Gore-Tex versus no treatment, and one trial assessed Seprafilm versus no treatment. No study reported pregnancy or reduction in pain as an outcome. The use of Interceed in women was associated with reduced incidence of pelvic adhesion formation, both new formation and re-formation following laparoscopic surgery and after laparotomy. Gore-Tex was more effective than no barrier or Interceed in preventing adhesion formation. There was limited evidence that Seprafilm was effective in preventing adhesion formation in women following myomectomy. REVIEWER'S\n\nConclusions: The absorbable adhesion barrier Interceed reduces the incidence of adhesion formation, both new formation and re-formation, at laparoscopy and laparotomy, but there are insufficient data to support its use to improve pregnancy rates. Gore-Tex may be superior to Interceed in preventing adhesion formation but its usefulness is limited by the need for suturing and later removal. There was no evidence of effectiveness of Seprafilm in preventing adhesion formation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},"pageStart":"CD000475","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD000475","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33908806"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/14651858.CD000475"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10796548"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33908806"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preterm-delivery-for-maternal-or-fetal-indications-maternal-morbidity-neonatal-o-recbe1ejwtteq0hxn/","name":"Preterm delivery for maternal or fetal indications: maternal morbidity, neonatal outcome and late sequelae in infants","headline":"Preterm delivery for maternal or fetal indications: maternal morbidity, neonatal outcome and late sequelae in infants","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preterm-delivery-for-maternal-or-fetal-indications-maternal-morbidity-neonatal-o-recbe1ejwtteq0hxn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M Kurkinen-Räty","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oulu, Finland."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Merja Kurkinen‐Räty","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oulu","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Jouppila","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oulu","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Koivisto","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oulu","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83"}}],"datePublished":"2000-05-01","abstract":"Objective: To assess maternal morbidity, and neonatal outcome and especially long term sequelae in infants born preterm due to maternal or fetal indications.\nDesign: Analysis of retrospective cohort.\nSetting: Oulu University Central Hospital, Finland.\n\nPopulation: One hundred and three women, who were between the 24th and the 33rd week of pregnancy, delivered by caesarean delivery because of maternal or fetal indications. They were matched with 103 women who had spontaneous preterm delivery at corresponding gestational weeks between 1990-1997.\n\nMain Outcome Measures: Maternal morbidity, reasons for caesarean delivery, neonatal mortality and morbidity rates, and later development of the infants.\n\nResults: Pre-eclampsia was diagnosed in 57% of the women in the indicated group and only in one woman in the control group. All infants in the indicated group and almost a third in the control group were born by caesarean birth; the main indication was threatening fetal asphyxia. There was a significant difference in neonatal mortality rates between the groups (175 vs 78 per thousand live births in the indicated vs control infants; RR 2.3, 95% CI 1.02, 4.9) and the main cause of death was respiratory insufficiency: 64% in the indicated group and 22% in the controls; RR 2.9, 95% CI 0.8, 10. Respiratory distress syndrome occurred more often (73% vs 53%, RR 1.4, 95% CI 1.1, 1.7) and it was more severe and more complicated in infants in the indicated group, compared with those in the control group. Symptomatic chronic lung disease at one year of age was more common in infants in the indicated group than in the control group (15% vs 3%; RR 4.6, 95% CI 1.4, 15.9).\n\nConclusions: Not only the risks of neonatal mortality and morbidity but also long term pulmonary consequences, appear to be greater in infants born preterm by indicated delivery than in preterm infants born spontaneously at corresponding weeks.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"107","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"648","pageEnd":"655","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2000.tb13308.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46354921"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1471-0528.2000.tb13308.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10826581"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46354921"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/obstetric-outcome-of-pregnancies-following-icsi-classified-according-to-sperm-or-rec9mhbuh6ockrsvd/","name":"Obstetric outcome of pregnancies following ICSI, classified according to sperm origin and quality","headline":"Obstetric outcome of pregnancies following ICSI, classified according to sperm origin and quality","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/obstetric-outcome-of-pregnancies-following-icsi-classified-according-to-sperm-or-rec9mhbuh6ockrsvd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ulla‐Britt Wennerholm","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2475-2226","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sahlgrenska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vgqjj36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Bergh","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sahlgrenska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vgqjj36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Hamberger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5109-8034"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Westlander"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Wikland"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Wood","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9542-2219","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2000-04-28","abstract":"The aim of this study was to report the outcome of all clinical pregnancies obtained after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) performed during a 5 year period at two fertility clinics, with special reference to delivery outcome associated with different sperm origin and quality and the transfer of fresh or frozen-thawed pre-embryos. A total of 1293 clinical pregnancies was analysed. Deliveries occurred in 75.9% (n = 982) and early spontaneous abortion, late spontaneous abortion and ectopic pregnancy in 21.4, 1.0 and 1.2% respectively. Multiple birth occurred in 21.3% (208 sets of twins and one set of triplets) of the deliveries, with the highest incidence in the epididymal sperm group (30.2%) and lowest in the cryopreserved group (13.7%). A total of 1192 infants was born. Preterm birth occurred in 15.7% of all deliveries. Preterm birth was not related to sperm origin or quality but was related to multiple birth. The prematurity rate was 8.4%, 42.3% and 100% for singletons, twins and triplets respectively. Singleton infants born after cryopreservation as embryos had a significantly higher birthweight than the ejaculated sperm group with fresh embryo transfer. The perinatal mortality rate was 11.7 per 1000 born infants. Eighty-seven of the 1192 infants (7.3%) had a malformation, 40 of which were minor. The perinatal mortality rate and the malformation rate were similar in the different subgroups. Prenatal karyotyping was performed on 149 fetuses (12.5%) and abnormal results were found in four cases (2.7%). In conclusion, obstetric outcome of ICSI pregnancies was similar to that of conventional IVF and was not influenced by sperm origin or quality. The high incidence of multiple births is still the major concern.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1189","pageEnd":"1194","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/15.5.1189","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73716719"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/15.5.1189"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10783376"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73716719"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-between-different-routes-of-progesterone-administration-as-luteal-pha-recyou1wselhko0dd/","name":"Comparison between different routes of progesterone administration as luteal phase support in infertility treatments","headline":"Comparison between different routes of progesterone administration as luteal phase support in infertility treatments","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-between-different-routes-of-progesterone-administration-as-luteal-pha-recyou1wselhko0dd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Asimina Tavaniotou","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Dutch-Speaking Free University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Bourgain"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paul Devroey","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","sameAs":"https://ror.org/006e5kg04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Smitz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5857-6542"}],"datePublished":"2000-04-27","abstract":"Different routes of natural progesterone supplementation have been tried as luteal phase support in infertility treatments. Orally administered progesterone is rapidly metabolized in the gastrointestinal tract and its use has proved to be inferior to i.m. and vaginal routes. Progesterone i.m. achieves serum progesterone values that are within the range of luteal phase and results in sufficient secretory transformation of the endometrium and satisfactory pregnancy rates. The comparison between i.m. and vaginal progesterone has led to controversial results as regards the superiority of one or the other in inducing secretory endometrial transformation. However, there is increasing evidence in the literature to favour the use of vaginal progesterone. Vaginally administered progesterone achieves adequate endometrial secretory transformation but its pharmacokinetic properties are greatly dependent on the formulation used. After vaginal progesterone application, discrepancies have been detected between serum progesterone values and histological endometrial features. Vaginally administered progesterone results in adequate secretory endometrial transformation, despite serum progesterone values lower than those observed after i.m. administration, even if they are lower than those observed during the luteal phase of the natural cycle. This discrepancy is indicative of the first uterine pass effect and therefore of a better bioavailability of progesterone in the uterus, with minimal systematic undesirable effects.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction Update"}}},"pageStart":"139","pageEnd":"148","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/6.2.139","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33899692"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humupd/6.2.139"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10782572"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33899692"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nausea-and-vomiting-during-pregnancy-a-prospective-study-of-its-frequency-intens-recdteecqfcwjauo9/","name":"Nausea and vomiting during pregnancy: A prospective study of its frequency, intensity, and patterns of change","headline":"Nausea and vomiting during pregnancy: A prospective study of its frequency, intensity, and patterns of change","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nausea-and-vomiting-during-pregnancy-a-prospective-study-of-its-frequency-intens-recdteecqfcwjauo9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E Eason","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Ottawa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03c4mmv16"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Lacroix","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Melzack","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Ottawa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03c4mmv16"}}],"datePublished":"2000-04-14","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to provide a detailed description of patterns of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: A prospective study was performed with 160 women who provided daily recordings of frequency, duration, and severity of nausea and vomiting.\n\nRESULTS: Seventy-four percent of women reported nausea lasting a mean of 34.6 days. \"Morning sickness\" occurred in only 1.8% of women, whereas 80% reported nausea lasting all day. Only 50% of women were relieved by 14 weeks' gestation; 90% had relief by week 22. Data based on the McGill Nausea Questionnaire indicate that the nausea experienced by pregnant women is similar in character and intensity to the nausea experienced by patients undergoing cancer chemotherapy.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Traditional teachings about nausea and vomiting of pregnancy are contradicted by our findings. Standardized tools for measuring the distribution, duration, and intensity of nausea are applicable to the study of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy and could be used in clinical trials to assess palliative measures.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"182","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"931","pageEnd":"937","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9378(00)70349-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39431108"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0002-9378(00)70349-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10764476"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39431108"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluation-of-four-automated-high-sensitivity-c-reactive-protein-methods-implica-recepfhnzoxff3boh/","name":"Evaluation of four automated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein methods: implications for clinical and epidemiological applications","headline":"Evaluation of four automated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein methods: implications for clinical and epidemiological applications","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluation-of-four-automated-high-sensitivity-c-reactive-protein-methods-implica-recepfhnzoxff3boh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Roberts WL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sedrick R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Moulton L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rifai N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Spencer A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7941-9039","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"William & Mary Law School"}}],"datePublished":"2000-04-12","abstract":"BACKGROUND: C-reactive protein (CRP) can provide prognostic information about the risk of developing atherosclerotic complications in apparently healthy patients. This new clinical application requires quantification of CRP concentrations below those traditionally measured in the clinical laboratory.\n\nMETHODS: The Dade Behring BN II, the Abbott IMx, the Diagnostic Products Corporation IMMULITE, and the Beckman Coulter IMMAGE are four automated analyzers with high-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP) methods. We evaluated these assays for precision, linearity, and comparability with samples from 322 apparently healthy blood donors.\n\nRESULTS: The imprecision (CV) of the BN II, IMx, IMMULITE, and IMMAGE methods was < or = 7.6%, < or = 12%, < or = 9.8%, and < or = 9.7% at 3.5 mg/L, respectively. The BN II, IMx, IMMULITE, and IMMAGE methods were linear down to < or = 0.30, < or = 0.32, < or = 0.85, and 2.26 mg/L, respectively. CRP concentrations demarcating each quartile in a healthy population were method dependent. The IMx method gave results comparable to the BN II method for values in the reference interval. The IMMULITE method had a positive intercept compared with the BN II method. The IMMAGE method demonstrated more scatter and a positive intercept compared with the BN II method, which may reflect the fact that it is a less sensitive assay.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: The four hs-CRP methods exhibited differences in results for a healthy population. Additional standardization efforts are required to ensure that hs-CRP results can be related to large-scale epidemiologic studies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"46","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical Chemistry"}}},"pageStart":"461","pageEnd":"468","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/indomethacin-for-preterm-labor-a-randomized-comparison-of-vaginal-and-rectal-ora-recgdvgevfilzxczg/","name":"Indomethacin for preterm labor: a randomized comparison of vaginal and rectal-oral routes","headline":"Indomethacin for preterm labor: a randomized comparison of vaginal and rectal-oral routes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/indomethacin-for-preterm-labor-a-randomized-comparison-of-vaginal-and-rectal-ora-recgdvgevfilzxczg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Y Abramov","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hadassah Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cqmqj90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"I Ben-Shachar"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y Ezra","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2290-4150","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hadassah Academic College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bdv1r55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Nadjari"},{"@type":"Person","name":"V Plotkin"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Weinstein"}],"datePublished":"2000-03-22","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of intravaginal and intrarectal plus oral indomethacin for the treatment of preterm labor.\n\nMETHODS: Between December 1996 and November 1998, 46 eligible gravidas admitted with singleton pregnancies and idiopathic preterm labor before 33 gestational weeks were randomized to receive 200 mg of intravaginal or intrarectal plus oral indomethacin.\n\nRESULTS: Twenty-three subjects were allocated to each study group. The interval from initiation of treatment to delivery was significantly longer in the intravaginal indomethacin group (26.5 +/- 5.7 versus 12.6 +/- 3.7 days; P =.007). Delivery was delayed by more than 7 days in 18 of 23 subjects (78%) in the intravaginal indomethacin group compared with ten (43%) in the intrarectal plus oral indomethacin group (P =.03). Birth weights were significantly higher (2306 +/- 436 versus 1862 +/- 232 g; P =.002) and hospitalization in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) (3.1 +/- 0.8 versus 9.3 +/- 3. 7 days; P =.001) and mechanical ventilation (1.4 +/- 0.2 versus 5.3 +/- 1.6 days; P =.001) were significantly shorter in the intravaginal indomethacin group.\n\nCONCLUSION: Intravaginal indomethacin is more effective than intrarectal plus oral application in delaying preterm labor and is associated with higher birth weights, shorter NICU stays, and shorter intervals of mechanical ventilation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"95","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"482","pageEnd":"486","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(99)00578-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73566993"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0029-7844(99)00578-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10725476"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73566993"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/neonatal-effects-of-nifedipine-and-ritodrine-for-preterm-labor-rectuudgqsrtfhjye/","name":"Neonatal effects of nifedipine and ritodrine for preterm labor","headline":"Neonatal effects of nifedipine and ritodrine for preterm labor","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/neonatal-effects-of-nifedipine-and-ritodrine-for-preterm-labor-rectuudgqsrtfhjye/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Dimitri Papatsonis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Amsterdam","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04dkp9463"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H J Adèr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"O P Bleker"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G A Dekker"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J H Kok"},{"@type":"Person","name":"H P van Geijn","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008xxew50"}}],"datePublished":"2000-03-22","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: We compared nifedipine and ritodrine for treatment of preterm labor with respect to neonatal outcome.\n\nMETHODS: We conducted an open randomized multicenter study of neonatal outcome in 185 women who received either oral nifedipine (n = 95) or intravenous (IV) ritodrine (n = 90) for treatment of preterm labor. Secondary outcome measures included neonatal mortality and morbidity, especially neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), and intracranial bleeding.\n\nRESULTS: There were no significant differences in umbilical artery pH values and Apgar scores between groups. Nifedipine was associated with lower admission rates to the NICU (49% versus 66%; odds ratio 0. 51, confidence interval 0.28, 0.93) compared with ritodrine, and lower incidences of RDS (21% versus 37%; 0.46, 0.24, 0.89), intracranial bleeding (18% versus 31%; 0.48, 0.24, 0.96), and neonatal jaundice (52% versus 67%; 0.53, 0.29, 0.97). Logistic regression analysis showed that even after correction for gestational age at birth, newborn risk of RDS, intracranial bleeding, or neonatal jaundice was significantly lower in the nifedipine group than the ritodrine group.\n\nCONCLUSION: Nifedipine for treatment of preterm labor was associated with a lower incidence of neonatal morbidity than ritodrine. That difference appeared to be partly because of the higher tocolytic efficacy of nifedipine and partly because of an intrinsic beneficial effect of nifedipine, or the lack of harmful effects when compared with ritodrine.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"95","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"477","pageEnd":"481","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(99)00596-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q53915350"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0029-7844(99)00596-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10725475"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q53915350"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-fixed-formula-to-define-the-fertile-window-of-the-menstrual-cycle-as-the-basis-recdxfrhmp5u1bano/","name":"A fixed formula to define the fertile window of the menstrual cycle as the basis  of a simple method of natural family planning","headline":"A fixed formula to define the fertile window of the menstrual cycle as the basis  of a simple method of natural family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-fixed-formula-to-define-the-fertile-window-of-the-menstrual-cycle-as-the-basis-recdxfrhmp5u1bano/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marcos Arévalo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5877-4824","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Irit Sinai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2445-7577","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute for Reproductive Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00jt1e157"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Victoria Jennings","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9447-4260","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}}],"datePublished":"2000-03-15","abstract":"A significant number of women worldwide use periodic abstinence as their method of family planning. Many of them use some type of calendar-based approach to determine when they should abstain from unprotected intercourse to avoid pregnancy; yet they often lack correct knowledge of when during their menstrual cycle they are most likely to become pregnant. A simple method of natural family planning (NFP) based on a fixed formula to define the fertile window could be useful to these women. This article reports the results of an analysis of the application of a fixed formula to define the fertile window. A large existing data set from a World Health Organization study of the Ovulation Method was used to estimate the theoretical probability of pregnancy using this formula. Information about the variable probability of pregnancy on different cycle days relative to ovulation also was considered in the analysis. Results suggest that a fixed formula in which days 8-19 of the menstrual cycle are considered to be the fertile window would provide the appropriate basis of a simple, effective, family planning method.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"60","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"357","pageEnd":"360","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0010-7824(99)00106-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38497388"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0010-7824(99)00106-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10715371"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38497388"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-and-safety-of-oral-estriol-for-managing-postmenopausal-symptoms-recsqhcwhp4nvoned/","name":"Efficacy and safety of oral estriol for managing postmenopausal symptoms","headline":"Efficacy and safety of oral estriol for managing postmenopausal symptoms","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-and-safety-of-oral-estriol-for-managing-postmenopausal-symptoms-recsqhcwhp4nvoned/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A Manabe","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3264-8261","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shimane University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01jaaym28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Okada","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9025-552X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shimane University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01jaaym28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Kanasaki","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7011-8109","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shimane University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01jaaym28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Kurioka","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shimane University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01jaaym28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kaoru Miyazaki","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3528-8775","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shimane University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01jaaym28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kentaro Takahashi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4273-3365","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shiga University of Medical Science","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00d8gp927"}}],"datePublished":"2000-03-14","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: to assess the therapeutic efficacy and safety of oral estriol for the treatment of climacteric symptoms in postmenopausal women.\n\nMETHODS: 68 postmenopausal women with climacteric symptoms received oral estriol, 2 mg/day, daily for 12 months. We evaluated the degree of climacteric complaints with estriol therapy; serum levels of gonadotropins, estradiol (E2) and lipids; biochemical markers of bone metabolism; blood pressure; and side effects both at baseline and during treatment. Climacteric symptoms were assessed according to the menopausal index (MI), a version of the Kupperman index that had been modified for Japanese women.\n\nRESULTS: oral estriol therapy significantly reduced total MI scores. The greatest relief was noted for hot flushes, night sweats, and insomnia. Estriol treatment significantly lowered serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) concentrations but did not affect any of the other parameters (lipids, bone, liver and blood pressure) during the study period. Slightly vaginal bleeding occurred in 14.3% of those who underwent natural menopausal women. Histologic evaluation of the endometrium and ultrasound assessment of the breasts following 12 months of estriol treatment found normal results in all women.\n\nCONCLUSION: Estriol is a safe and effective alternative for relieving climacteric symptoms in postmenopausal Japanese women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"34","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Maturitas"}}},"pageStart":"169","pageEnd":"177","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-5122(99)00108-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39432065"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0378-5122(99)00108-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10714912"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39432065"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ectopic-pregnancy-recmy9yslirl2z4uq/","name":"Ectopic pregnancy","headline":"Ectopic pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ectopic-pregnancy-recmy9yslirl2z4uq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Tenore JL"}],"datePublished":"2000-03-08","abstract":"Ectopic pregnancy occurs at a rate of 19.7 cases per 1,000 pregnancies in North America and is a leading cause of maternal mortality in the first trimester. Greater awareness of risk factors and improved technology (biochemical markers and ultrasonography) allow ectopic pregnancy to be identified before the development of life-threatening events. The evaluation may include a combination of determination of urine and serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels, serum progesterone levels, ultrasonography, culdocentesis and laparoscopy. Key to the diagnosis is determination of the presence or absence of an intrauterine gestational sac correlated with quantitative serum beta-subunit hCG (beta-hCG) levels. An ectopic pregnancy should be suspected if transvaginal ultrasonography shows no intrauterine gestational sac when the beta-hCG level is higher than 1,500 mlU per mL (1,500 IU per L). If the beta-hCG level plateaus or fails to double in 48 hours and the ultrasound examination fails to identify an intrauterine gestational sac, uterine curettage may determine the presence or absence of chorionic villi. Although past treatment consisted of an open laparotomy and salpingectomy, current laparoscopic techniques for unruptured ectopic pregnancy emphasize tubal preservation. Other treatment options include the use of methotrexate therapy for small, unruptured ectopic pregnancies in hemodynamically stable patients. Expectant management may have a role when beta-hCG levels are low and declining.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"61","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Family Physician"}}},"pageStart":"1080","pageEnd":"1088","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reproductive-features-in-women-developing-ovarian-granulosa-cell-tumour-at-a-fer-recpfab1p0xmyy7a9/","name":"Reproductive features in women developing ovarian granulosa cell tumour at a fertile age","headline":"Reproductive features in women developing ovarian granulosa cell tumour at a fertile age","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reproductive-features-in-women-developing-ovarian-granulosa-cell-tumour-at-a-fer-recpfab1p0xmyy7a9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Leila Unkila‐Kallio","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Helsinki University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02e8hzf44"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Tiitinen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3088-5594"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Torsten Wahlström"},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Lehtovirta","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Helsinki University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02e8hzf44"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Leminen"},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Unkila-Kallio","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland."}}],"datePublished":"2000-02-25","abstract":"Ovarian granulosa cell tumour (GCT) is a rare malignancy, which has been linked to both infertility and infertility treatment with ovulation inducers. The reproductive features were analysed of 146 women with GCT diagnosed between 1956 and 1996. During the study period no changes were found in the mean age (53 years), menopausal status (59% postmenopausal), parity (32% nulliparous) or tumour size or stage at diagnosis. The clinical features in women with GCT at fertile age were compared with GCT diagnosed later in life and to population-based data. Nulliparity (50%) and history of infertility (22%) were more frequent if the tumour occurred at fertile age (n = 50). Of the 12 infertile cases, seven had anovulatory infertility (58%); 11 occurred during the era of ovulation inducers, but only five had used these drugs (clomiphene citrate in five patients, gonadotrophins in two, and tamoxifen in one patient) and no patient had undergone in-vitro fertilization. Endometrial hyperplasia was associated with GCT at all ages, while endometrial cancer was found solely after the age of 45 years. In conclusion, GCT at fertile age is associated with nulliparity and with a clinical presentation of anovulatory infertility, while GCT later in life is associated with a more normal average fertility pattern and with occurrence of endometrial cancer.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"589","pageEnd":"593","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/15.3.589","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73472223"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/15.3.589"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10686201"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73472223"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/augmented-trochanteric-bone-mineral-density-after-modified-physical-education-cl-rec2prqg8vtygwo2z/","name":"Augmented trochanteric bone mineral density after modified physical education  classes: a randomized school-based exercise intervention study in prepubescent  and early pubescent children","headline":"Augmented trochanteric bone mineral density after modified physical education  classes: a randomized school-based exercise intervention study in prepubescent  and early pubescent children","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/augmented-trochanteric-bone-mineral-density-after-modified-physical-education-cl-rec2prqg8vtygwo2z/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Heather McKay","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5158-8006","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"B.C. Women's Hospital & Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c4nx247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K M Khan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6748-0668","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan I Barr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8701-7152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H A McKay","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2465-9822","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Departments of Human Kinetics, Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, and Human Nutrition, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M A Petit","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8390-0773","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R W Schutz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4189-6618","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"2000-02-05","abstract":"Background: Of the few exercise intervention studies focusing on pediatric populations, none have confined the intervention to the scheduled physical education curriculum.\n\nObjective: To examine the effect of an 8-month school-based jumping program on the change in areal bone mineral density (aBMD), in grams per square centimeter, of healthy thirdand fourth-grade children.\n\nStudy Design: Ten elementary schools were randomized to exercise (n = 63) and control groups (n = 81). Exercise groups did 10 tuck jumps 3 times weekly and incorporated jumping, hopping, and skipping into twice weekly physical education classes. Control groups did regular physical education classes. At baseline and after 8 months of intervention, we measured aBMD and lean and fat mass by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (Hologic QDR-4500). Calcium intake, physical activity, and maturity were estimated by questionnaire.\n\nResults: The exercise group showed significantly greater change in femoral trochanteric aBMD (4.4% vs 3.2%; P <.05). There were no group differences at other sites. Results were similar after controlling for covariates (baseline aBMD change in height, change in lean, calcium, physical activity, sex, and ethnicity) in hierarchical regression.\n\nConclusions: An easily implemented school-based jumping intervention augments aBMD at the trochanteric region in the prepubertal and early pubertal skeleton.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"136","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Pediatrics"}}},"pageStart":"156","pageEnd":"162","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3476(00)70095-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73407554"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0022-3476(00)70095-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10657819"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73407554"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/postfertilization-effects-of-oral-contraceptives-and-their-relationship-to-informed-consent-recrafdykzlkmi1p6/","name":"Postfertilization effects of oral contraceptives and their relationship to informed consent","headline":"Postfertilization effects of oral contraceptives and their relationship to informed consent","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/postfertilization-effects-of-oral-contraceptives-and-their-relationship-to-informed-consent-recrafdykzlkmi1p6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Walter L Larimore","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"AdventHealth Kissimmee","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04ayyqz27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"2000-02-01","abstract":"The primary mechanism of oral contraceptives is to inhibit ovulation, but this mechanism is not always operative. When breakthrough ovulation occurs, then secondary mechanisms operate to prevent clinically recognized pregnancy. These secondary mechanisms may occur either before or after fertilization. Postfertilization effects would be problematic for some patients, who may desire information about this possibility. This article evaluates the available evidence for the postfertilization effects of oral contraceptives and concludes that good evidence exists to support the hypothesis that the effectiveness of oral contraceptives depends to some degree on postfertilization effects. However, there are insufficient data to quantitate the relative contribution of postfertilization effects. Despite the lack of quantitative data, the principles of informed consent suggest that patients who may object to any postfertilization loss should be made aware of this information so that they can give fully informed consent for the use of oral contraceptives.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Archives of family medicine"}}},"pageStart":"126","pageEnd":"133","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1001/archfami.9.2.126","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33849714"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/archfami.9.2.126"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10693729"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33849714"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ureteral-displacement-associated-with-pelvic-peritoneal-defects-and-endometriosi-reclfytu9icub2mmw/","name":"Ureteral displacement associated with pelvic peritoneal defects and endometriosis","headline":"Ureteral displacement associated with pelvic peritoneal defects and endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ureteral-displacement-associated-with-pelvic-peritoneal-defects-and-endometriosi-reclfytu9icub2mmw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A C Nackley","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of South Florida","sameAs":"https://ror.org/032db5x82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T R Yeko","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of South Florida","sameAs":"https://ror.org/032db5x82"}}],"datePublished":"2000-01-29","abstract":"Ten women had endometriosis and pelvic peritoneal defects of the posterior leaf of the broad ligament, with the consistent finding of medial displacement of the ureter toward the uterosacral ligament. Ureterolysis at the time of surgery revealed the underlying course of the ureter and its proximity to the uterosacral ligament, making it susceptible to surgical injury. It is important for surgeons to be aware of this anatomic alteration associated with these specific peritoneal defects.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of the American Association of Gynecologic Laparoscopists"}}},"pageStart":"131","pageEnd":"133","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s1074-3804(00)80023-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73387418"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s1074-3804(00)80023-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10648753"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73387418"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/myomectomy-in-gynecologic-obstetric-and-related-surgery-2nd-ed-recipmolepvi2qynb/","name":"Myomectomy in Gynecologic, Obstetric and Related Surgery, 2nd Ed","headline":"Myomectomy in Gynecologic, Obstetric and Related Surgery, 2nd Ed","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/myomectomy-in-gynecologic-obstetric-and-related-surgery-2nd-ed-recipmolepvi2qynb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Garcia CR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Samantha M Pfeifer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4815-6149","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cornell University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87"}}],"datePublished":"2000-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-1999-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-1999-5vtht7gw/","name":"DIR Jahrbuch 1999 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 1999)","headline":"DIR Jahrbuch 1999 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 1999)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-1999-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-1999-5vtht7gw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register e.V."}],"datePublished":"2000-01-01","abstract":"Annual report (Jahrbuch) of the Deutsches IVF-Register (DIR) for treatment year 1999. DIR is the German national IVF/ICSI registry, founded 1982 — the oldest continuously operating ART registry. Voluntary professional-society database with high de-facto coverage of German fertility centres. Reports cycles, transfers, pregnancies and clinical outcomes by treatment type (IVF, ICSI, frozen embryo transfer, donor). German-language registry document. Used as a Phase B historical-archive source for the ART Registry Comparison study (cross-registry classification by reporting completeness on 7 framework dimensions).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register Jahrbuch"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-changing-face-of-breast-cancer-a-clinic-bulletin-on-menopause-rec060dlhhhgj8a5y/","name":"The Changing Face of Breast Cancer: A Clinic Bulletin on Menopause","headline":"The Changing Face of Breast Cancer: A Clinic Bulletin on Menopause","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-changing-face-of-breast-cancer-a-clinic-bulletin-on-menopause-rec060dlhhhgj8a5y/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"D F Archer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7069-5117","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pittsburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"}}],"datePublished":"2000-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancy-achievement-and-outcome-in-sonographically-observed-spontaneous-ovulat-recjt0hvkd0fcood8/","name":"Pregnancy Achievement and Outcome In Sonographically Observed Spontaneous Ovulation","headline":"Pregnancy Achievement and Outcome In Sonographically Observed Spontaneous Ovulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancy-achievement-and-outcome-in-sonographically-observed-spontaneous-ovulat-recjt0hvkd0fcood8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2000-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ocs-inadequate-for-managing-most-pms-acog-guidelines-recfzjtyqzpohsoik/","name":"OC's Inadequate for Managing Most PMS (ACOG Guidelines)","headline":"OC's Inadequate for Managing Most PMS (ACOG Guidelines)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ocs-inadequate-for-managing-most-pms-acog-guidelines-recfzjtyqzpohsoik/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kubetin SK"}],"datePublished":"2000-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"AWHONN Lifelines"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/living-proof-in-3-d-putting-a-face-on-the-unborn-human-person-reczcclmk9wkxmce6/","name":"Living Proof in 3-D: Putting a Face on the Unborn Human Person","headline":"Living Proof in 3-D: Putting a Face on the Unborn Human Person","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/living-proof-in-3-d-putting-a-face-on-the-unborn-human-person-reczcclmk9wkxmce6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2000-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-correlates-to-sonographically-identified-ovulatory-defects-recwimoaoe0a9qoxf/","name":"Hormonal Correlates to Sonographically Identified Ovulatory Defects","headline":"Hormonal Correlates to Sonographically Identified Ovulatory Defects","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-correlates-to-sonographically-identified-ovulatory-defects-recwimoaoe0a9qoxf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2000-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-isomolecular-hormone-replacement-an-evidence-based-medicine-approach-recrzmnbvdmg2whki/","name":"\"Natural\" isomolecular hormone replacement: an evidence-based medicine approach","headline":"\"Natural\" isomolecular hormone replacement: an evidence-based medicine approach","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-isomolecular-hormone-replacement-an-evidence-based-medicine-approach-recrzmnbvdmg2whki/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J A Drisko","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, KS."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Drisko Ja","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Kansas","sameAs":"https://ror.org/001tmjg57"}}],"datePublished":"2000-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Compounding"}}},"pageStart":"414","pageEnd":"420","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q95414554","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"23981731"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q95414554"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/infertility-counseling-a-comprehensive-handbook-for-clinicians-recxqoilwlfc59mty/","name":"Infertility Counseling: A Comprehensive Handbook for Clinicians","headline":"Infertility Counseling: A Comprehensive Handbook for Clinicians","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/infertility-counseling-a-comprehensive-handbook-for-clinicians-recxqoilwlfc59mty/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Burns LH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Covington SH"}],"datePublished":"2000-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-sonographic-assessment-of-the-cervix-following-cervical-cerclage-reclp36d5d4ukicyb/","name":"Cervical Cerclage: Green-top Guideline No. 75","headline":"Cervical Cerclage: Green-top Guideline No. 75","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-sonographic-assessment-of-the-cervix-following-cervical-cerclage-reclp36d5d4ukicyb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2000-01-01","abstract":"This is the second edition of this guideline; the first edition was published in 2011 under the same name. It supplements NICE guideline NG25 Preterm labour and birth. Cerclage remains one of the standard options for prophylactic intervention in the care of women at risk of preterm birth and second trimester fetal loss and is used by most obstetricians, despite difficulties in identifying the population of women who would most benefit. The procedure, a stitch inserted into the cervix, was first performed in 1902 in women with a history of second trimester loss or spontaneous preterm birth suggestive of cervical insufficiency, with the aim of preventing recurrent loss. Cervical insufficiency is an imprecise clinical diagnosis frequently applied to women with such a history, where it is assumed that the cervix is ‘weak’ and unable to remain closed during the pregnancy. Recent evidence suggests that, rather than being a dichotomous variable, cervical integrity is likely to be a continuum influenced by factors related not solely to the intrinsic structure of the cervix but also to processes driving premature effacement and dilatation. While cerclage may provide a degree of structural support to a ‘weak’ cervix, its role in maintaining the cervical length and the endocervical mucus plug as a mechanical barrier to ascending infection may be more important. There is lack of consensus on the optimal cerclage technique, timing of suture placement, the role of amniocentesis before emergency cerclage insertion and optimal care following insertion. Complications are not well documented and often difficult to separate from risks inherent to the underlying condition. The purpose of this guideline is to review the literature and provide evidence-based guidance on the use of cerclage in women at risk of preterm birth and second trimester loss. This guideline supplements NICE guideline [NG25] Preterm labour and birth.1 Within this document we use the terms woman and women’s health. However, it is important to acknowledge that it is not only people who identify as women for whom it is necessary to access women’s health and reproductive services in order to maintain their gynaecological health and reproductive wellbeing. Gynaecological and obstetric services and delivery of care must therefore be appropriate, inclusive and sensitive to the needs of those individuals whose gender identity does not align with the sex they were assigned at birth. This Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG) guideline was developed in accordance with the standard methodology for producing RCOG Green-top Guidelines.2 The Cochrane Library (including the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews), DARE, EMBASE, TRIP, Medline and PubMed (electronic databases) were searched for relevant randomized control trials, systematic reviews and meta-analyses. The search was restricted to articles published between 2011 and April 2020. The databases were searched using the relevant MeSH terms, including all subheadings and this was combined with a keyword search. Search words included ‘cervical cerclage’, ‘cervical suture’, ‘cervical stitch’, ‘midtrimester miscarriage’, ‘McDonald cerclage’, ‘Shirodkar cerclage’, ‘infection and cerclage’, ‘tocolytics and cerclage’ and ‘inflammatory mediators and cerclage’; the search was limited to humans and the English language. The National Library for Health and National Guidelines Clearing House were also searched for relevant guidelines and reviews. The full search strategy is available to view online as supporting information (Appendices S1 and S2). Previous terminology (prophylactic, as a planned procedure, emergency, urgent, rescue) of cervical sutures/cerclage can be ambiguous. More appropriate nomenclature based on indication for cervical suture is recommended. The terms below are increasingly used in the scientific literature. History-indicated cerclage Insertion of a cerclage as a result of factors in a woman’s obstetric or gynaecological history, which increase the risk of spontaneous second trimester loss or preterm birth.3 A history-indicated suture is performed as a prophylactic measure in asymptomatic women and usually inserted as a planned procedure at 11–14 weeks of gestation. Preterm Birth Birth before to 37+0 weeks’ gestation. Ultrasound-indicated cerclage Insertion of a cerclage as a therapeutic measure in cases of cervical length shortening seen on transvaginal ultrasound.3 Ultrasound-indicated cerclage is performed on asymptomatic women who do not have exposed fetal membranes in the vagina. Sonographic assessment of the cervix is usually performed between 14 and 24 weeks of gestation by transvaginal scan and with an empty maternal bladder. Emergency cerclage (also known as physical exam-indicated or emergency cerclage) Insertion of cerclage as a salvage measure in the case of premature cervical dilatation with exposed fetal membranes in the vagina.3 This may be discovered by ultrasound examination of the cervix or as a result of a speculum/physical examination performed for symptoms such as vaginal discharge, bleeding or ‘sensation of pressure’. It can be considered up to 27+6 weeks gestation.1 Transvaginal cerclage (McDonald) A transvaginal purse-string suture placed at the cervical isthmus junction, without bladder mobilization.4 High transvaginal cerclage requiring bladder mobilization (including Shirodkar) A transvaginal purse-string suture placed following bladder mobilization, to allow insertion above the level of the cardinal ligaments.5 Transabdominal cerclage A suture performed via a laparotomy or laparoscopy, placing the suture at the cervicoisthmic junction.6 Occlusion cerclage Occlusion of the external os by placement of a continuous non-absorbable suture. The theory behind the potential benefit of occlusion cerclage is retention of the mucus plug.7 Routine surveillance of women at low risk is not currently recommended by the National Screening Committee. Ultrasound surveillance of cervical length is advocated in women at high and intermediate risk in Element 5 of the Saving Babies Lives Care Bundle,21 the timing of which is dependent on the women’s history. These women are recommended to be reviewed by a preterm prevention specialist by 12 weeks where possible, or with the dating scan whichever is sooner, and offered transvaginal cervix scanning as a secondary screening test every 2–4 weeks between 16 and 24 weeks. There is, however, uncertainty as to how to care for these women if a short cervix is identified in women who have had serial screening but do not have a history of a previous preterm birth; an ultrasound indicated cerclage may be considered. STOPPIT-2 is a randomised trial of the Arabin pessary to prevent preterm birth in twin pregnancies with a short cervix. Data collection is now complete and the results are currently being analysed.26 Carers should be aware of the potential psychological sequelae associated with fetal death and miscarriage, and women and their families supported by debriefing services and the offer of counselling. Families should also be signposted to the relevant patient support groups. There is no clear evidence that the gestation at which the cerclage is inserted affects the magnitude of prolongation of the pregnancy; however, consideration should be given to the fact that, in cases presenting before 20 weeks of gestation, insertion of a emergency cerclage is highly likely to result in a preterm birth before 28 weeks of gestation. Furthermore, emergency cerclage can rarely be justified beyond 24 weeks’ gestation due to the potential risk of iatrogenic membrane rupture and subsequent preterm birth. Prior to cerclage insertion, women should be given appropriate verbal and written information; patient information can be found on the RCOG website.50 The interval between presentation and suture insertion varies between studies. Any delay must balance the risk of inserting a suture in a cervix that is inevitably going to continue dilating against the increased risk of ascending infection. There are no studies evaluating the effect of sexual intercourse on the risk of second trimester loss or preterm birth in women with cervical cerclage. Although other tests are commercially available for the prediction of preterm birth, such as Partosure and Actim Partus no studies to date have evaluted their use following cervical cerclage insertion. Multiple studies have compared different agents (cerclage, progesterone and pessaries) for the prevention of preterm birth, however these often do not control for clinician preference and many of the studies are retrospective in nature. Conde-Agudelo et al.87 also compared the efficacy of vaginal progesterone and cerclage in preventing preterm birth and adverse perinatal outcomes in women with a singleton gestation, previous spontaneous preterm birth and short cervix undertaking a meta-analysis of RCTs comparing vaginal progesterone to placebo/no treatment or cerclage to no cerclage in women with a singleton gestation, previous spontaneous preterm birth and a sonographic cervical length less than 25 mm. Five trials comparing vaginal progesterone versus placebo and five comparing cerclage versus no cerclage were included. Both progesterone and cerclage were equally effective for preventing preterm birth and improving perinatal outcomes. However, cerclage and progesterone were not compared directly. A number of randomized controlled trials are planned comparing the efficacy of cerclage versus pessary versus progesterone.83, 88 There are no studies comparing elective removal of transvaginal cerclage with removal in labour. However, in the absence of preterm labour, elective removal at 36–37 weeks of gestation is advisable owing to the potential risk of cervical injury in labour and the minimal risk to a neonate born at this gestation. There are no studies regarding the use of anaesthesia in the removal of a cerclage inserted with bladder mobilization but, given that the technique involves burial of the suture, an anaesthetic is likely to be necessary for removal. Decisions regarding use of anaesthetic should be taken jointly with the woman. There are no published studies on long-term outcome comparing a policy of removing a transabdominal cerclage to it remaining in place. However, if further pregnancies are contemplated, it is reasonable to recommend leaving the cerclage in place. There have been anecdotal reports of suture ‘pulling through’ prior to labour, and a vaginal birth can occur safely if this is identified. The developers would like to acknowledge Miss Meekai To for their work as co-developer of the previous edition of this guideline. AHS has declared no conflicts of interest. LS has declared no conflicts of interest. Full disclosure of interests are available to view online as supporting information. All those involved in the development of the Green-top Guidelines, including the Guidelines Committee, Guidelines Committee co-chairs, guideline developers, peer reviewers and other reviewers, are unpaid volunteers and receive no direct funding for their work in producing the guideline. The exception to this are the RCOG staff involved who are salaried employees of the College and GC members who receive reimbursement for expenses for attending GC meetings. Please see more information on travel expense rules on the RCOG website. Appendix S1. Cervical cerclage literature search strategy. Appendix S2. Cervical cerclage search strategy top up. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article. This guideline was produced on behalf of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists by: Professor Andrew H Shennan FRCOG, London; Dr Lisa Story MRCOG, London. and peer reviewed by: Miss A Gorry MRCOG, London; Dr G Kumar FRCOG, Wrexham; Mr D Fraser FRCOG, Norwich; Dr P Maouris FRCOG, Perth, Western Australia; Mr B Kumar FRCOG, Wrexham; Dr KC Dundas FRCOG, Edinburgh; Miss M To MRCOG, London; Professor JE Norman FRCOG, Bristol; RCOG Women’s Network; Imperial College Academic Health Science Centre. Committee lead reviewers were: Dr A Macleod FRCOG,1 Edinburgh, Dr B Magowan FRCOG, Melrose2 and Mr A McKelvey MRCOG, Norfolk.3 1until December 2020; 2until May 2021; 3from December 2021. The chair of the Guidelines Committee was: Dr MA Ledingham MRCOG, Glasgow; Dr B Magowan FRCOG, Melrose. All RCOG guidance developers are asked to declare any conflicts of interest. A statement summarising any conflicts of interest for this guideline is available from: https://www.rcog.org.uk/en/guidelines-research-services/guidelines/gtg75. The final version is the responsibility of the Guidelines Committee of the RCOG. The guideline will be considered for update 3 years after publication, with an intermediate assessment of the need to update 2 years after publication. The Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists produces guidelines as an educational aid to good clinical practice. They present recognised methods and techniques of clinical practice, based on published evidence, for consideration by obstetricians and gynaecologists and other relevant health professionals. The ultimate judgement regarding a particular clinical procedure or treatment plan must be made by the doctor or other attendant in the light of clinical data presented by the patient and the diagnostic and treatment options available. This means that RCOG Guidelines are unlike protocols or guidelines issued by employers, as they are not intended to be prescriptive directions defining a single course of management. Departure from the local prescriptive protocols or guidelines should be fully documented in the patient’s case notes at the time the relevant decision is taken.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/successful-pregnancies-in-kallmann-syndrome-using-pulsatile-gnrh-recdwezbaqxgcrhvc/","name":"Successful Pregnancies in Kallmann Syndrome using Pulsatile GnRH","headline":"Successful Pregnancies in Kallmann Syndrome using Pulsatile GnRH","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/successful-pregnancies-in-kallmann-syndrome-using-pulsatile-gnrh-recdwezbaqxgcrhvc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Cesare Battaglia","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M. Salvatori","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G. Regnani","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Simone Giulini","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M. R. Primavera","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Annibale Volpe","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"2000-01-01","pageStart":"284","pageEnd":"6","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73470863","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73470863"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovarian-differentiation-and-gonadal-failure-ynrkjfef/","name":"Ovarian differentiation and gonadal failure","headline":"Ovarian differentiation and gonadal failure","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovarian-differentiation-and-gonadal-failure-ynrkjfef/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joe Leigh Simpson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5309-6881","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"March of Dimes","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04bd5p711"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rajkovic A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8390-0263"}],"datePublished":"1999-12-29","abstract":"Ovarian failure can result from several different genetic mechanisms-X chromosomal abnormalities, autosomal recessive genes causing various types of XX gonadal dysgenesis, and autosomal dominant genes. The number and precise location of loci on the X are still under investigation, but it is clear that, in aggregate, these genes are responsible for ovarian maintenance, given that monosomy X shows germ cells that undergo accelerated atresia. Despite recent hypotheses, at present there is no evidence for a gene directing primary ovarian differentiation; this process may be constitutive. Phenotypic/karyotypic correlation and limited molecular confirmation have long shown that proximal Xp and proximal Xq contain regions of the most importance to ovarian maintenance. Terminal deletions at Xp11 result in 50% primary amenorrhea and 50% premature ovarian failure or fertility. Deletions at Xq13 usually produce primary amenorrhea. Terminal deletions nearer the telomeres on either Xp of Xq bring about premature ovarian failure more often than complete ovarian failure. The X-linked zinc finger gene (ZFX) and diaphanous 2 Drosophila homologue (DIAPH2) are the only candidate genes for ovarian maintenance that map to the X chromosome. Additional, as yet unidentified, genes along the X chromosome must be involved. The search for these genes in humans is hampered by the lack of candidate genes that map to the X chromosome, the scarcity of patients with fortuitous autosomal translocations, and small pedigrees, which hinder mapping of the loci. In addition, difficulties with human germ cell research also make it challenging to dissect genes important to ovarian development. Autosomal genes also are involved in ovarian differentiation and gonadal failure. Follicle-stimulating hormone receptor and ataxia telangiectasia are examples of autosomal genes known to cause human ovarian failure. Transgenic mouse models point to many other candidate autosomal genes, and sequencing of the human homologues in affected women should lead to the discovery of new genes responsible for human ovarian failure. Identification, functional analysis, and mapping of novel genes specifically expressed in the ovary of mice and women eventually should lead to fruitful dissection of essential genes in mammalian ovarian development and maintenance.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"89","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American journal of medical genetics"}}},"pageStart":"186","pageEnd":"200","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-8628(19991229)89:4<186::aid-ajmg3>3.0.co;2-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33869535"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/(sici)1096-8628(19991229)89:4<186::aid-ajmg3>3.0.co;2-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10727994"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33869535"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-prognostic-role-of-salpingoscopy-in-laparoscopic-tubal-surgery-recsuyq1fyoflqxzf/","name":"The prognostic role of salpingoscopy in laparoscopic tubal surgery","headline":"The prognostic role of salpingoscopy in laparoscopic tubal surgery","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-prognostic-role-of-salpingoscopy-in-laparoscopic-tubal-surgery-recsuyq1fyoflqxzf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"GF Catalano","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Muzii","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7195-9583","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Mancuso","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1752-3986","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Caruana","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Marana","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Margutti","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}}],"datePublished":"1999-12-22","abstract":"The present study was designed to evaluate the prognostic value of salpingoscopy in patients undergoing tubal laparoscopic surgery for infertility due to periadnexal adhesion or distal tubal occlusion. In addition, the clinical value of salpingoscopy was compared with a current classification system of adnexal adhesions and distal tubal occlusion. A total of 51 patients with either adnexal adhesions (24 patients) or hydrosalpinx (27 patients) were prospectively evaluated. Salpingoscopy was performed concomitantly with salpingo-ovariolysis or salpingoneostomy at the time of operative laparoscopy. There was no significant correlation between salpingoscopic classes and the classification system used for both the salpingo-ovariolysis and the salpingoneostomy groups of patients. The patients had a mean follow-up of 33 months. Patients with a normal tubal mucosa (salpingoscopic classes I and II) had a 71% cumulative term pregnancy rate in the salpingo-ovariolysis group and a 64% cumulative term pregnancy rate in the salpingoneostomy group. No intrauterine pregnancies were obtained in patients with intratubal damage (salpingoscopic classes III to V). There was a statistically significant correlation between the occurrence of a term pregnancy and the salpingoscopic classes, but not with the classification system used. These results suggest that patients with tubal infertility should be offered operative laparoscopy with salpingoscopy as the first step of treatment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"2991","pageEnd":"2995","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/14.12.2991","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73279425"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/14.12.2991"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10601084"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73279425"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clinical-efficacy-of-an-automated-high-sensitivity-c-reactive-protein-assay-recmvttra9cd7cioq/","name":"Clinical efficacy of an automated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein assay","headline":"Clinical efficacy of an automated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein assay","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clinical-efficacy-of-an-automated-high-sensitivity-c-reactive-protein-assay-recmvttra9cd7cioq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rifai N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tracy RP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paul M Ridker","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1249-4522","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}}],"datePublished":"1999-12-10","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Prospective studies have shown that C-reactive protein (CRP) can be used to predict risk of future cardiovascular events. High-sensitivity methods for CRP (hs-CRP) measurement are needed for this purpose.\n\nMETHODS: We compared the clinical efficacy of an automated and commercially available latex-enhanced assay (Latex) for hs-CRP (Dade Behring) to a validated in-house ELISA, previously shown to predict future peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in asymptomatic populations. Using a prospective, nested, case-control design, we measured baseline hs-CRP concentrations in 144 apparently healthy men who subsequently developed symptomatic PAD and 144 age- and smoking habit-matched controls who remained free of vascular disease over the follow-up period of 60 months.\n\nRESULTS: The two hs-CRP assays correlated highly (r = 0.95; P <0.001), and all but two participants were classified into concordant quartiles or varied by only one quartile. The median hs-CRP of the case group was significantly higher than that of controls when measured by either the ELISA (1.34 vs 0.99 mg/L; P = 0.034) or the Latex method (1.80 vs 1.20 mg/L; P = 0.042). Furthermore, for both ELISA and the Latex method, the calculated relative risks of developing PAD increased significantly with each increasing quartile of hs-CRP. The calculated interquartile increase in relative risk of PAD was 31% (95% confidence interval, 5.2-62.2%; P = 0.01) for ELISA and 34% (95% confidence interval, 8.2-66.1%; P = 0.007) for the Latex method.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that the Latex method is equally as efficacious as the validated ELISA in classifying patients into cutoff points established by prospective studies for risk stratification for coronary and cerebrovascular disease.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"45","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical Chemistry"}}},"pageStart":"2136","pageEnd":"2141","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diagnostic-laparoscopy-in-infertile-women-with-normal-hysterosalpingograms-reccotc3wuc6amna8/","name":"Diagnostic laparoscopy in infertile women with normal hysterosalpingograms","headline":"Diagnostic laparoscopy in infertile women with normal hysterosalpingograms","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diagnostic-laparoscopy-in-infertile-women-with-normal-hysterosalpingograms-reccotc3wuc6amna8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"al-Badawi IA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fluker MR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bebbington MW"}],"datePublished":"1999-12-10","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To assess the value of laparoscopy in infertile women with normal hysterosalpingograms, with and without risk factors suggesting pelvic disease.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: We retrospectively reviewed 1,022 consecutive charts from a tertiary infertility practice. In 265 women, laparoscopies were performed after normal hysterosalpingograms.\n\nRESULTS: Laparoscopies were normal in 136 (51%) women, whereas 129 (49%) had one or more abnormal laparoscopic findings, including minimal or mild endometriosis (n = 85), moderate or severe endometriosis (n = 11), adnexal adhesions (n = 27), subserosal myomas (n = 17), ovarian neoplasms (n = 5), distal phimosis (n = 1) and salpingitis isthmica nodosa (n = 1). Only 7% of cases had findings that might require standard operative laparoscopy or laparotomy, although not all were causally related to infertility. A history of dysmenorrhea or dyspareunia increased the likelihood of detecting endometriosis from 41% to 64% and 69%, respectively. The presence of both symptoms increased the likelihood to 83%.\n\nCONCLUSION: In the presence of a normal hysterosalpingogram, laparoscopy identified other pelvic disease in about half of patients. Because most abnormalities were mild, this knowledge can be used to plan a micro-laparoscopic approach for many women, reserving traditional or operative laparoscopy for women with an abnormal hysterosalpingogram or extensive disease following micro-laparoscopy. Alternately, knowledge of the nature and severity of the expected laparoscopic findings might lead to bypassing laparoscopy in favor of assisted reproduction when the perceived benefit of surgical intervention is small.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"44","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"953","pageEnd":"957","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/induced-abortion-and-subsequent-pregnancy-duration-recqou2ykdueknnd6/","name":"Induced abortion and subsequent pregnancy duration","headline":"Induced abortion and subsequent pregnancy duration","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/induced-abortion-and-subsequent-pregnancy-duration-recqou2ykdueknnd6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Wei Zhou","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5461-3617","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Olsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7311-6205","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aarhus University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040r8fr65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Henrik Toft Sørensen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4299-7040","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aarhus University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040r8fr65"}}],"datePublished":"1999-11-27","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To examine whether induced abortion influences subsequent pregnancy duration.\n\nMETHODS: Women who had their first pregnancies during 1980, 1981, and 1982 were identified in three Danish national registries. A total of 15,727 women whose pregnancies were terminated by first-trimester induced abortions were compared with 46,026 whose pregnancies were not terminated by induced abortions. All subsequent pregnancies until 1994 were identified by register linkage.\n\nRESULTS: Preterm and post-term singleton live births were more frequent in women with one, two, or more previous induced abortions. After adjusting for potential confounders and stratifying by gravidity, the odds ratios of preterm singleton live births in women with one, two, or more previous induced abortions were 1.89 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.70, 2.11), 2.66 (95% CI 2.09, 3.37), and 2.03 (95% CI 1.29, 3.19), respectively. Odds ratios of post-term singleton live births in women with one, two, or more previous induced abortions were 1.34 (95% CI 1.24, 1.44), 1.50 (95% CI 1.26, 1.78), and 1.58 (95% CI 1.09, 2.28), respectively.\n\nCONCLUSION: The study showed an increase in preterm and post-term pregnancies after induced abortions. The risk of post-term delivery was high regardless of the interpregnancy interval, whereas increased risk of preterm delivery was seen mainly when interpregnancy intervals were longer than 12 months.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"94","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"948","pageEnd":"953","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(99)00440-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33881761"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0029-7844(99)00440-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10576181"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33881761"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/live-birth-rates-and-multiple-birth-risk-using-in-vitro-fertilization-rec1utbntjmhto64r/","name":"Live-birth rates and multiple-birth risk using in vitro fertilization","headline":"Live-birth rates and multiple-birth risk using in vitro fertilization","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/live-birth-rates-and-multiple-birth-risk-using-in-vitro-fertilization-rec1utbntjmhto64r/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Laura A Schieve","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1215-0682","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042twtr12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N M Burnett"},{"@type":"Person","name":"I Danel"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gary Jeng","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan F Meikle"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Herbert B Peterson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lynne S Wilcox","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}}],"datePublished":"1999-11-26","abstract":"CONTEXT: To maximize birth rates, physicians who perform in vitro fertilization (IVF) often transfer multiple embryos, but this increases the multiple-birth risk. Live-birth and multiple-birth rates may vary by patient age and embryo quality. One marker for embryo quality is cryopreservation of extra embryos (if embryos are set aside for cryopreservation, higher quality embryos may have been available for transfer).\n\nOBJECTIVE: To examine associations between the number of embryos transferred during IVF and live-birth and multiple-birth rates stratified by maternal age and whether extra embryos were available (ie, extra embryos cryopreserved).\n\nDESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective cohort of 300 US clinics reporting IVF transfer procedures to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in 1996.\n\nSUBJECTS: A total of 35554 IVF transfer procedures.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Live-birth and multiple-birth rates (percentage of live births that were multiple).\n\nRESULTS: A total number of 9873 live births were reported (multiple births from 1 pregnancy were counted as 1 live birth). The number of embryos needed to achieve maximum live- birth rates varied by age and whether extra embryos were cryopreserved. Among women 20 to 29 years and 30 to 34 years of age, maximum live-birth rates (43 % and 36%, respectively) were achieved when 2 embryos were transferred and extra embryos were cryopreserved. Among women 35 years of age and older, live-birth rates were lower overall and regardless of whether embryos were cryopreserved, live-birth rates increased if more than 2 embryos were transferred. Multiple-birth rates varied by age and the number of embryos transferred, but not by whether embryos were cryopreserved. With 2 embryos transferred, multiple-birth rates were 22.7%, 19.7%, 11.6%, and 10.8% for women aged 20 to 29, 30 to 34, 35 to 39, and 40 to 44 years, respectively. Multiple-birth rates increased as high as 45.7% for women aged 20 to 29 years and 39.8% for women aged 30 to 34 years if 3 embryos were transferred. Among women aged 35 to 39 years, the multiple-birth rate was 29.4% if 3 embryos were transferred. Among women 40 to 44 years of age, the multiple-birth rate was less than 25% even if 5 embryos were transferred.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Based on these data, the risk of multiple births from IVF varies by maternal age and number of embryos transferred. Embryo quality was not related to multiple birth risk but was associated with increased live-birth rates when fewer embryos were transferred.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"282","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA"}}},"pageStart":"1832","pageEnd":"1838","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.282.19.1832","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64131191"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jama.282.19.1832"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10573274"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q64131191"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-cost-of-infertility-evaluation-and-therapy-findings-of-a-self-insured-univer-recitkhv69o8zuvf3/","name":"The cost of infertility evaluation and therapy: findings of a self-insured university healthcare plan","headline":"The cost of infertility evaluation and therapy: findings of a self-insured university healthcare plan","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-cost-of-infertility-evaluation-and-therapy-findings-of-a-self-insured-univer-recitkhv69o8zuvf3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A E Sparks","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6401-2452","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Iowa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036jqmy94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bradley J. Van Voorhis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1455-0164","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Iowa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036jqmy94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B D Allen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Iowa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036jqmy94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R G Saunders","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Iowa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036jqmy94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D W Stovall","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duquesne University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02336z538"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C H Syrop","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Iowa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036jqmy94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B J VanVoorhis"}],"datePublished":"1999-11-24","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To assess the total costs of infertility coverage, determine the proportion of healthcare costs related to infertility, compare infertility costs to those of other diseases, and calculate a per member per month cost of an infertility benefit.\n\nDESIGN: Historical prospective analysis.\n\nSETTING: A university-based, self-insured, fee-for-service healthcare plan.\n\nPATIENT(S): Healthcare policy members from January 1993 through December 1995.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): General and infertility-specific healthcare that included diagnostic tests for infertility, induction of ovulation, artificial insemination, donor gametes, in vitro fertilization, gamete intrafallopian transfer, zygote intrafallopian transfer, microsurgical epididymal sperm aspiration, embryo cryopreservation, and frozen embryo transfer.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Healthcare costs, as calculated from the International Classification of Diseases, Volume 9 codes.\n\nRESULT(S): Total healthcare and infertility-specific costs of the university healthcare plan over a 3-year period were $86,445,642 and $680,921, respectively. Therefore, infertility accounted for 0.79% of the total university healthcare costs. The mean total and infertility-specific per member per month healthcare costs were $86.15 and $0.67, respectively.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): These data reveal that infertility costs account for only a small fraction of the total healthcare costs and can be attained at a nominal monthly fee.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"72","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"778","pageEnd":"784","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(99)00384-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50141819"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(99)00384-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10560977"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50141819"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevalence-of-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-in-women-seeking-treatment-from-communit-recgwu4x0drpdzdqe/","name":"Prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome in women seeking treatment from community electrologists. Alabama Professional Electrology Association Study Group","headline":"Prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome in women seeking treatment from community electrologists. Alabama Professional Electrology Association Study Group","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevalence-of-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-in-women-seeking-treatment-from-communit-recgwu4x0drpdzdqe/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Farah L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lazenby AJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ricardo Azziz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3917-0483","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008s83205"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L R Boots","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008s83205"}}],"datePublished":"1999-11-11","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) among women seeking electrology, clients presenting to nine electrology centers completed a questionnaire.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: Women with potential risk factors were referred to the University of Alabama at Birmingham. They underwent a detailed history and physical examination, including hirsutism scoring by a modified Ferriman-Gallwey (F-G) method. Serum was assayed for total testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate.\n\nRESULTS: Three hundred fifteen (40%) of 779 patients had potential risk factors for hyperandrogenism and were referred. Eighty-two (26%) completed their evaluation. Six were excluded secondary to prepubertal or menopausal status. Of the remaining 76 patients, 20% had F-G scores of 7 or 8, 13% had scores of 9 or 10, and 21% had scores > 10. Forty-nine (64%) patients reported irregular menstrual cycles. Sixty-four patients were not receiving hormonal therapy: 25 reported regular menstrual cycles, and 39 reported irregular cycles. Seventeen (68%) of the 25 had at least one abnormal androgen value, while 33 (85%) of the 39 women had at least one abnormal value (nonsignificant difference). Overall, PCOS was evident in 39 of the 76 women, or 12% of the 315 patients who were referred for further evaluation.\n\nCONCLUSION: Thirty-nine of the 315 referred patients (12%) fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for PCOS. However, they were not receiving medical care for this condition. In addition, this percentage is a conservative estimate in that 74% of the referred patients did not pursue a medical evaluation. Therefore, efforts to educate both electrologists and their clients of the possibility of underlying endocrine disorders and subsequent metabolic morbidity should be undertaken.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"44","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"870","pageEnd":"874","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-reproductive-history-on-future-pregnancy-outcomes-reciiwndmed2bfhbo/","name":"The effect of reproductive history on future pregnancy outcomes","headline":"The effect of reproductive history on future pregnancy outcomes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-reproductive-history-on-future-pregnancy-outcomes-reciiwndmed2bfhbo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E Whitley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0297-9078","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bristol","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0524sp257"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Doyle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1386-3780","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00a0jsq62"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Roman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2285-5152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Leeds","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024mrxd33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B De Stavola","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7853-0528","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of London","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04cw6st05"}}],"datePublished":"1999-11-05","abstract":"The aim of this study was to examine the separate and joint effects of previous pregnancy history, year of pregnancy outcome, maternal age, height, smoking and fertility on risk of fetal death. Data were available from a study of female radiographers. Analyses were carried out on 3053 women with a total of 6993 pregnancies. Women reporting problems with conception or previous fetal losses had an increased risk of a pregnancy ending in a fetal death. In particular, women with primary or secondary infertility had an approximately fourfold increase in risk compared with women who reported no difficulties [odds ratio (OR): 3.92; 95% confidence interval (CI): (3.02, 5.07)]. This relationship was independent of pregnancy order and pregnancy history and was more marked in older maternal ages. The effect of pregnancy history was cumulative and possibly multiplicative in effect, with a threefold increase in the risk of losing a third pregnancy following two previous losses [OR: 3.19; 95% CI: (1.60, 6.35)]. There were no consistent patterns of risk associated with year of pregnancy outcome, maternal age, height or smoking status. These results suggest that previous pregnancy outcomes and problems with conception may be the strongest determinants of fetal loss in subsequent pregnancies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"2863","pageEnd":"2867","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/14.11.2863","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39590825"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/14.11.2863"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10548637"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39590825"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/tocolytics-for-preterm-labor-a-systematic-review-rec90itutbdhxi2ht/","name":"Tocolytics for preterm labor: a systematic review","headline":"Tocolytics for preterm labor: a systematic review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/tocolytics-for-preterm-labor-a-systematic-review-rec90itutbdhxi2ht/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"K Gyetvai","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Coalition for Research in Women's Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01hvq8642"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M E Hannah"},{"@type":"Person","name":"E D Hodnett"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Ohlsson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6848-5169","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Biotech (Canada)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01k458340"}}],"datePublished":"1999-11-05","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To examine the effectiveness of any tocolytic compared with a placebo or no tocolytic for preterm labor.\n\nDATA SOURCES: We checked MEDLINE (1966-1998) and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register for articles, using the search terms \"randomized controlled trial\" (RCT), \"preterm labor,\" \"tocolysis,\" \"betamimetics,\" \"ritodrine,\" \"terbutaline,\" \"hexaprenaline,\" \"isoxuprine,\" \"prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors,\" \"indomethacin,\" \"sulindac,\" \"calcium channel blockers,\" \"nifedipine,\" \"oxytocin receptor blockers,\" \"atosiban,\" \"nitroglceride,\" and \"magnesium sulfate.\"\n\nMETHODS OF STUDY SELECTION: We included all RCTs that compared effect of a tocolytic with a placebo or no tocolytic in women in preterm labor, and reported perinatal, neonatal, or maternal outcomes. Studies were excluded if loss to follow-up exceeded 20% of those originally enrolled, or if data were not reported on a per-patient-treated basis. Eighteen of 76 articles retrieved met the inclusion criteria.\n\nTABULATION, INTEGRATION, AND\n\nRESULTS: Two authors independently reviewed the articles and abstracted the data. Discrepancies were resolved by consensus. Meta-analyses (odds ratio [OR] and 95% confidence interval [CI]) were done for each outcome for all trials and for specific types of tocolytic therapy when possible. Tocolytics decreased the risk of delivery within 7 days (OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.38, 0.95). Betamimetics, indomethacin, atosiban, and ethanol, but not magnesium sulfate, were associated with significant prolongations in pregnancy. Tocolytics were not associated with improved perinatal outcomes. Maternal side effects significantly associated with tocolytic use were palpitations, nausea, tremor, chorioamnionitis, hyperglycemia, hypokalemia, and need to discontinue treatment.\n\nCONCLUSION: Although tocolytics prolong pregnancy, they have not been shown to improve perinatal or neonatal outcomes and have adverse effects on women in preterm labor.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"94","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5 Pt 2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"869","pageEnd":"877","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(99)00329-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33765148"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0029-7844(99)00329-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10546776"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33765148"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/correlation-between-endometriosis-and-pelvic-pain-receiskobctw4pvjd/","name":"Correlation between endometriosis and pelvic pain","headline":"Correlation between endometriosis and pelvic pain","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/correlation-between-endometriosis-and-pelvic-pain-receiskobctw4pvjd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria Grazia Porpora","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5556-3933","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sapienza University of Rome","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02be6w209"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P R Koninckx","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rega Institute for Medical Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03w5j8p12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Colagrande","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0137-8606","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sapienza University of Rome","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02be6w209"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E V Cosmi"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Natili","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sapienza University of Rome","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02be6w209"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Piazze","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sapienza University of Rome","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02be6w209"}}],"datePublished":"1999-11-05","abstract":"STUDY OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between prevalence and severity of chronic pelvic pain (CPP) and stage, site, and type of endometriosis.\n\nDESIGN: Prospective, observational study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2).\n\nSETTING: University Hospital.\n\nPATIENTS: Of 90 consecutive women with biopsy-proved endometriosis, laparoscopy was performed in 69 for pelvic pain and in 21 for infertility or clinical and ultrasonographic suspicion of ovarian endometriosis.\n\nINTERVENTION: Preoperatively, using a 10-point visual analog scale, the severity of dysmenorrhea, CPP, and deep dyspareunia was assessed. During laparoscopy all visible endometriotic lesions were recorded and treated.\n\nMEASUREMENTS AND\n\nMAIN RESULTS: Ten women (11.1%) had no pain; 72 had dysmenorrhea (mild in 13, moderate in 37, severe in 22); 55 had CPP (mild in 11, moderate in 25, severe in 19); and 39 deep dyspareunia (mild in 5, moderate in 31, severe in 3). The severity of dysmenorrhea significantly correlated with the presence and extent of pelvic adhesions (p = 0.004); the severity of CPP correlated with deep endometriosis on the uterosacral ligaments (p = 0.0001) and extent of pelvic adhesions (p = 0.02); and deep dyspareunia correlated with deep endometriosis on the uterosacral ligaments (p = 0.04). Total pain score significantly correlated with deep endometriosis on the uterosacral ligaments (p = 0.0001), peritoneal adhesions (p = 0.01), and extent of adnexal adhesions (p = 0.01). No significant correlation was found among revised American Fertility Society stage of endometriosis; presence and size of ovarian endometriomas; extent, type, and site of peritoneal lesions; and pain scores. By logistic regression analysis, the presence and intensity of total pain could be predicted simultaneously by the presence of deep endometriosis (p = 0.0001) and presence and extent of adnexal adhesions without cystic endometriosis (p = 0.01), and by the presence of ovarian endometrioma with periovarian adhesions (p = 0.03). Chronic pelvic pain was predicted by both deep endometriosis (p = 0.0001) and ovarian endometriomas with adnexal adhesions (p = 0.03). Deep dyspareunia was predicted simultaneously by deep endometriosis (p = 0.01) and an ovarian endometrioma with periovarian adhesions (p = 0. 008). Conclusion. Deep endometriosis, pelvic adhesions, and ovarian cystic endometriosis were independent predictors of pelvic pain. These data strongly suggest that it is not the size of ovarian cystic endometriosis but the association with adhesions that causes pelvic pain.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of the American Association of Gynecologic Laparoscopists"}}},"pageStart":"429","pageEnd":"434","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s1074-3804(99)80006-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63341324"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s1074-3804(99)80006-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10548700"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q63341324"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/physicians-knowledge-and-practices-regarding-natural-family-planning-recdulsxnwdcx5aeq/","name":"Physicians' knowledge and practices regarding natural family planning","headline":"Physicians' knowledge and practices regarding natural family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/physicians-knowledge-and-practices-regarding-natural-family-planning-recdulsxnwdcx5aeq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Janet L. Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5062-4784","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Missouri","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02ymw8z06"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J C Lemaire","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f54p054"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P B Thurman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f54p054"}}],"datePublished":"1999-11-05","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To assess physicians' knowledge and practices of modern methods of natural family planning.\n\nMETHODS: A questionnaire was mailed to 840 physicians selected randomly from Missouri state licensing records for obstetrics-gynecology, family practice, general practice, and general internal medicine.\n\nRESULTS: The response rate was 65%. A total of 375 physicians (69% of respondents) saw women for reproductive issues. About half (46%) of physicians reported that they mentioned natural family planning to at least some women when discussing family planning issues. Observing vaginal discharge of cervical mucus was discussed by 40% of physicians in the context of avoiding pregnancy and by 36% of physicians in the context of helping a couple achieve pregnancy. Twenty-two percent of physicians estimated the best possible effectiveness of natural family planning to avoid pregnancy to be greater than 90%, and 35% estimated the actual effectiveness to avoid pregnancy to be greater than 70%. (The threshold rates of 90% best possible effectiveness and 70% actual effectiveness were chosen to be somewhat less than those reported in medical literature.) Physicians who gave higher estimates of effectiveness of natural family planning and physicians who were aware of an instructor in their community were more likely to provide women with relevant information about natural family planning.\n\nCONCLUSION: Most physicians, especially those unaware of availability of instructors in their areas, underestimate the effectiveness of natural family planning and do not give information about modern methods to women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"94","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5 Pt 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"672","pageEnd":"678","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(99)00388-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73145233"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0029-7844(99)00388-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10546708"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73145233"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/physiciansʼ-knowledge-and-practices-regarding-natural-family-planning-recz6etxktmhsjf4s/","name":"Physiciansʼ Knowledge and Practices Regarding Natural Family Planning","headline":"Physiciansʼ Knowledge and Practices Regarding Natural Family Planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/physiciansʼ-knowledge-and-practices-regarding-natural-family-planning-recz6etxktmhsjf4s/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J C Lemaire","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f54p054"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P B Thurman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f54p054"}}],"datePublished":"1999-11-01","abstract":"In Brief Objective To assess physicians' knowledge and practices of modern methods of natural family planning. Methods A questionnaire was mailed to 840 physicians selected randomly from Missouri state licensing records for obstetrics-gynecology, family practice, general practice, and general internal medicine. Results The response rate was 65%. A total of 375 physicians (69% of respondents) saw women for reproductive issues. About half (46%) of physicians reported that they mentioned natural family planning to at least some women when discussing family planning issues. Observing vaginal discharge of cervical mucus was discussed by 40% of physicians in the context of avoiding pregnancy and by 36% of physicians in the context of helping a couple achieve pregnancy. Twenty-two percent of physicians estimated the best possible effectiveness of natural family planning to avoid pregnancy to be greater than 90%, and 35% estimated the actual effectiveness to avoid pregnancy to be greater than 70%. (The threshold rates of 90% best possible effectiveness and 70% actual effectiveness were chosen to be somewhat less than those reported in medical literature.) Physicians who gave higher estimates of effectiveness of natural family planning and physicians who were aware of an instructor in their community were more likely to provide women with relevant information about natural family planning. Conclusion Most physicians, especially those unaware of availability of instructors in their areas, underestimate the effectiveness of natural family planning and do not give information about modern methods to women Most physicians underestimate the effectiveness of natural family planning, and half do not include it among family planning options discussed with their patients.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"94","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5, Part 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics & Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"672","pageEnd":"678","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00006250-199911000-00006","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/00006250-199911000-00006"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/what-is-the-best-strategy-for-presenting-art-results-a-controversial-comment-rec4lqce3byapm0au/","name":"What is the best strategy for presenting ART results? A controversial comment","headline":"What is the best strategy for presenting ART results? A controversial comment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/what-is-the-best-strategy-for-presenting-art-results-a-controversial-comment-rec4lqce3byapm0au/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Tyler"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G L Driscoll","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Westmead Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03wtqwa04"}}],"datePublished":"1999-10-26","abstract":"Doctors love conventions. They have them in exotic places and they frequently use them to defend what would otherwise be inexplicable calculations. Thus 38 weeks of true gestation is, of course, 40 weeks of amenorrhoea, which may also be viewed as 38–40 weeks of pregnancy if timing is based on a “conventional” menstrual cycle. Even if this leaves the outside world to wonder, the clinicians understand. Many of the proponents of such ambiguity have moved away from obstetrics into reproductive medicine but have carried with …","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics"}}},"pageStart":"463","pageEnd":"467","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1020590614263","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36271177"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1023/a:1020590614263"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10530397"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36271177"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-ascites-a-case-report-recbg1x1dysxyp7sc/","name":"Endometriosis ascites: a case report","headline":"Endometriosis ascites: a case report","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-ascites-a-case-report-recbg1x1dysxyp7sc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Feste JR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Samora-Mata J","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2386-9107","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Clínica Universidad de Navarra"}}],"datePublished":"1999-10-20","abstract":"This is a case presentation of an usual nature, a 43-year-old Hispanic female, multigravida presenting with physical findings of massive ascites. In most instances, the presence of massive ascites is associated with malignancies, tuberculosis or perforated visous. In this case, the diagnosis of extensive endometriosis with ascites is reported as a very rare complication of the disease.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JSLS : Journal of the Society of Laparoendoscopic Surgeons"}}},"pageStart":"229","pageEnd":"231","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/antibiotic-use-in-pregnancy-and-drug-resistant-infant-sepsis-recf1mtwwn8qnx9o8/","name":"Antibiotic use in pregnancy and drug-resistant infant sepsis","headline":"Antibiotic use in pregnancy and drug-resistant infant sepsis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/antibiotic-use-in-pregnancy-and-drug-resistant-infant-sepsis-recf1mtwwn8qnx9o8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"B M Mercer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Case Western Reserve University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/051fd9666"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D D Beazley"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Baha M. Sibai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9982-7873","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tennessee at Knoxville","sameAs":"https://ror.org/020f3ap87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T L Carr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D T Crouse"}],"datePublished":"1999-10-16","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: We sought to evaluate the effect of antepartum and intrapartum antibiotic use on antimicrobial-resistant neonatal sepsis.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: We analyzed perinatal outcomes for 8474 pregnancies (8593 live births) delivered at 6 hospitals. Data were collected regarding maternal antibiotic use and perinatal course, neonatal cultures, and outcomes. The diagnosis of confirmed neonatal sepsis required at least one positive blood or cerebrospinal fluid culture. Neonatal cultures were evaluated on the basis of the occurrence and timing of maternal antibiotic exposure.\n\nRESULTS: There were 96 neonates with confirmed sepsis (11.2/1000 live births). Sepsis was 19.3-fold more common after preterm birth (57 vs 3. 1/1000; P <.001), with 76% of septic infants being delivered preterm. Forty-five percent of pathogens were ampicillin resistant. Ampicillin resistance increased with preterm birth (50% vs 26%; P =. 04), antepartum antibiotics (57% vs 34%; P =.03), intrapartum antibiotics (55% vs 28%; P <.01), and any prenatal antibiotic exposure (52% vs 22%; P =.01). Infection with an organism resistant to at least one maternal antibiotic was more common with intrapartum antibiotic exposure than with antepartum exposure only (57% vs 17%; P =.01). Regarding early-onset sepsis (n = 55), ampicillin resistance was more common with intrapartum antibiotics (50% vs 16%; P <.01), and resistance to at least one maternally administered antibiotic was more frequent with intrapartum exposure (56.7% vs 0%; P <.01).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Maternal antibiotic treatment is associated with neonatal sepsis by organisms resistant to ampicillin and to maternally administered antibiotics.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"181","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"816","pageEnd":"821","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9378(99)70307-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73083797"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0002-9378(99)70307-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10521735"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73083797"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/phantom-endometriosis-of-the-sciatic-nerve-recxohacsbbiccjcr/","name":"Phantom endometriosis of the sciatic nerve","headline":"Phantom endometriosis of the sciatic nerve","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/phantom-endometriosis-of-the-sciatic-nerve-recxohacsbbiccjcr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Luigi Fedele","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6297-7165","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016zn0y21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Bianchi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9899-3439","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Milan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wjc7c48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Raffaelli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6162-4114","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Verona","sameAs":"https://ror.org/039bp8j42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Zanconato","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3717-6205","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Verona","sameAs":"https://ror.org/039bp8j42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Zanette","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Verona","sameAs":"https://ror.org/039bp8j42"}}],"datePublished":"1999-10-16","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and diagnostic value of GnRH agonist (GnRH-a) therapy in cases of hidden sciatic nerve endometriosis.\n\nDESIGN: Case report.\n\nSETTING: Academic tertiary referral center for endometriosis treatment.\n\nPATIENT(S): Three patients with cyclic, catamenial sciatica associated with pelvic endometriosis who had electromyographic evidence of sciatic nerve damage but negative computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Monthly administration of the GnRH-a leuprolide acetate plus daily transdermal E2 (25 microg).\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Relief of pain symptoms and improvement in motor function.\n\nRESULT(S): All three patients had clear decreases in pain and partial amelioration of claudication.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Endometriosis of the sciatic nerve may be hard to diagnose with the use of current imaging techniques but may be proved by clinical response to GnRH analogue treatment and may be more frequent than previously thought.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"72","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"727","pageEnd":"729","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(99)00305-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39435778"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(99)00305-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10521118"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39435778"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prediction-of-preterm-delivery-with-transvaginal-ultrasonography-of-the-cervix-i-recutfaveyr4kxexa/","name":"Prediction of preterm delivery with transvaginal ultrasonography of the cervix in patients with high-risk pregnancies: does cerclage prevent prematurity?","headline":"Prediction of preterm delivery with transvaginal ultrasonography of the cervix in patients with high-risk pregnancies: does cerclage prevent prematurity?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prediction-of-preterm-delivery-with-transvaginal-ultrasonography-of-the-cervix-i-recutfaveyr4kxexa/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Vincenzo Berghella","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2854-0239","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Thomas Jefferson University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ysqcn41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sean Daly","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3106-8011","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Thomas Jefferson University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ysqcn41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J E Tolosa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-8908","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Thomas Jefferson University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ysqcn41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M M DiVito"},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Garg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9451-2012","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Thomas Jefferson University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ysqcn41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ronald J Wapner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0727-1244","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Thomas Jefferson University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ysqcn41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Bhullar","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Thomas Jefferson University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ysqcn41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Chalmers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Thomas Jefferson University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ysqcn41"}}],"datePublished":"1999-10-16","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: We sought to determine the predictive accuracy for preterm delivery of transvaginal ultrasonography of the cervix between 14 and 24 weeks' gestation in high-risk patients and to determine whether cerclage prevents preterm delivery in patients with ultrasonographic cervical changes.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: Patients with asymptomatic singleton pregnancies at high risk for preterm delivery were followed prospectively from 14 weeks' to 23 weeks 6 days' gestation with transvaginal ultrasonography of the cervix. The subgroup of patients with either a cervical length of <25 mm or funneling of >25% or both was offered McDonald salvage cerclage, which was performed at the discretion of the patient and the obstetrician. The 2 groups (with and without cerclage) were compared for the primary outcome of preterm delivery at <35 weeks' gestation.\n\nRESULTS: One hundred sixty-eight women were followed, including 97 (58%) with >/=1 prior 14- to 34-week preterm deliveries. Of 63 (37. 5%) patients identified as having cervical changes, 23 (37%) had preterm delivery; of 105 patients with no cervical changes, 8 (8%) had preterm delivery (relative risk, 4.8; 95% confidence interval, 2. 3-10.1). The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of either a short cervix of <25 mm or funneling of >25% or both were 74%, 70%, 37%, and 92%, respectively. Of 63 pregnancies in which there were cervical changes, 39 underwent cerclage and 24 did not. These 2 groups were similar for demographic characteristics, risk factors, and transvaginal ultrasonographic cervical length and funneling but dissimilar for gestational age at identification of cervical changes (18.3 vs 21.2 weeks' gestation in the groups with and without cerclage, respectively; P <.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis after adjustment for gestational age at cervical changes showed no difference in the rate of preterm delivery between the groups with and without cerclage (odds ratio, 1.1; 95% confidence interval, 0.3-4.6). Stratified analysis of patients identified between 18 and 24 weeks revealed 22 pregnancies with cerclage and 22 pregnancies without cerclage, which was similar for all characteristics studied. The incidence of preterm delivery remained similar (27% vs 23%, respectively; P =.7), as did days from cervical changes to delivery (111 vs 96, respectively; P =.2).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Transvaginal ultrasonography of the cervix between 14 and 24 weeks' gestation is a good predictor of preterm delivery in high-risk pregnancies. Cerclage may not prevent preterm delivery in patients identified to be at high risk for this outcome by transvaginal ultrasonography.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"181","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"809","pageEnd":"815","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9378(99)70306-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73083794"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0002-9378(99)70306-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10521734"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73083794"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-critical-woman-centred-review-of-is-menstruation-obsolete-by-coutinho-and-sega-recvmzcxhm0dnxvwk/","name":"A critical woman-centred review of Is Menstruation Obsolete? By Coutinho and Segal","headline":"A critical woman-centred review of Is Menstruation Obsolete? By Coutinho and Segal","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-critical-woman-centred-review-of-is-menstruation-obsolete-by-coutinho-and-sega-recvmzcxhm0dnxvwk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Elsimar Metzker Coutinho"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sheldon J. Segal"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine L Hitchcock","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation Research, Division of Endocrinology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"1999-10-14","abstract":"Is Menstruation Obsolete? argues that regular monthly bleeding is not the “natural” state of women, and that it actually places them at risk of several medical conditions of varying severity. The authors maintain that while menstruation may be culturally significant, it is not medically meaningful. Moreover, they propose that suppressing menstruation has remarkable health advantages. Because of cultural changes, shorter durations of breast feeding, and birth control, the reproductive patterns of modern women no longer resemble that of their Stone age ancestors. Women have moved from the age of incessant reproduction to the age of incessant menstruation. Consequently, they often suffer from clinical disorders related to menstruation: anemia, endometriosis, and PMS, just to name a few. The authors encourage readers to recognize what has gone previously unnoticed that this monthly discomfort is simply not obligatory. They present compelling evidence that the suppression of menstruation is a viable option for women today, and that it can be easily attained through the use of birth control pills. In fact, they reveal that contraceptive manufacturers, knowing that many women equate menstruation with femininity and that without monthly bleeding would fear that they were pregnant, engineered pill dosage regimens to ensure the continuation of their cycles. Indeed, throughout history societies have assigned menstruation powerful meaning, and Is Menstruation Obsolete? presents a fascinating history of how menstruation inspired doctors to try therapeutic bleeding for a variety of ailments, and how this therapy remained dominant in Western medicine until the early 20th century. Is Menstruation Obsolete? offers women a fresh view of menstruation, providing them with the information they need to make progressive choices about their health. This is a message whose time has come.","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-prenatal-care-on-infant-mortality-rates-according-to-birth-death-certi-recn7sqtr4ypo4lii/","name":"Effect of prenatal care on infant mortality rates according to birth-death certificate files","headline":"Effect of prenatal care on infant mortality rates according to birth-death certificate files","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-prenatal-care-on-infant-mortality-rates-according-to-birth-death-certi-recn7sqtr4ypo4lii/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Poma PA"}],"datePublished":"1999-10-12","abstract":"Infant mortality has decreased nationwide; however, our national rates still log behind those of other industrialized countries, especially the rates for minority groups. This study evaluates the effect of prenatal care and risk factors on infant mortality rates in Chicago. Using linked infant birth and death certificates of Chicago residents for 1989-1995, a total of 5838 deaths occurring during the first year of life were identified. Birth certificate variables, especially prenatal care, were reviewed. Variables were compared by stratified analysis. Pearson chi 2 analysis and odd ratios (ORs) were computed. Infant mortality rate (IMR) in Chicago decreased from 17 in 1989 to 12.6 in 1995 (P < .0001). Some factors increased IMR several fold: prematurity (OR 17.43), no prenatal care (OR 4.07), inadequate weight gain (OR 2.95), African-American ethnicity (OR 2.55), and inadequate prenatal care (OR 2.03). Compared with no care, prenatal care was associated with lower IMR; however, early care was associated with higher IMR and ORs than later care. These results demonstrate prenatal care is associated with lower IMR; however, compared with late prenatal care, early care does not improve IMR. Further studies should evaluate whether improving the quality of care improves IMRs.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"91","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of the National Medical Association"}}},"pageStart":"515","pageEnd":"520","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/is-adolescent-pregnancy-associated-with-adverse-perinatal-outcome-recrh0xyqguvz7jmd/","name":"Is adolescent pregnancy associated with adverse perinatal outcome?","headline":"Is adolescent pregnancy associated with adverse perinatal outcome?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/is-adolescent-pregnancy-associated-with-adverse-perinatal-outcome-recrh0xyqguvz7jmd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"H Orvos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9400-865X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Szeged","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pnej532"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Hajdú"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A. Pál","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5277-3776"},{"@type":"Person","name":"T. Nyári","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8900-6641","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Szeged","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pnej532"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L. Kovács","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8276-5482","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Szeged","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pnej532"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"I Nyirati","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Szeged","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pnej532"}}],"datePublished":"1999-09-30","abstract":"BACKGROUND: The number of teenage pregnancies has increased throughout the world and these pregnancies are reported in association with a higher rate of maternal and fetal complications.\n\nAIM OF THE STUDY: To evaluate the social surroundings; the results of ante-, intrapartum surveillance and perinatal outcome in adolescent pregnancies where mothers were below the age of 18.\n\nMETHODS: Between 1st January, 1991 and 31st December, 1996 there were 13,131 births at our department. During this period, 209 newborns were born of 207 adolescent mothers. We compared the data of adolescent mothers with the data of all mothers who delivered in Hungary during the study period.\n\nRESULTS: 39 (18.6%) from 209 newborns were delivered before 37th week of gestation, and 34 (16.3%) newborns showed signs of intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). The rate of primiparous adolescent mothers was 72.0%, 131 (63.3%) were primigravidae, and 136 (65.7%) received adequate prenatal care. Maternal complications (pregnancy induced hypertension, threatened preterm delivery, gestational diabetes and pre-eclampsia) and adverse perinatal outcome (higher rate of IUGR and perinatal mortality) were found more frequently in adolescent pregnancies.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: As young maternal age is associated with an increased risk of unfavourable fetal outcome, teenage mothers need improved prenatal care and increased observation during labour. In addition, improvement of the social environment of adolescents and the prevention of teenage pregnancies should be recommended.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"27","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Perinatal Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"199","pageEnd":"203","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1515/JPM.1999.028","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43841195"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1515/JPM.1999.028"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10503182"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43841195"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cardiovascular-pharmacology-of-hormone-replacement-therapy-recy2zwsnb3y40txo/","name":"Cardiovascular pharmacology of hormone replacement therapy","headline":"Cardiovascular pharmacology of hormone replacement therapy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cardiovascular-pharmacology-of-hormone-replacement-therapy-recy2zwsnb3y40txo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Giuseppe Rosano","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6868-4248","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"San Raffaele University of Rome","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02rwycx38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Panina","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"San Raffaele University of Rome","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02rwycx38"}}],"datePublished":"1999-09-30","abstract":"The incidence of cardiovascular disease in women is negligible before natural or surgically-induced menopause, and increases after menopause. Epidemiological data suggest that estrogen replacement therapy reduces the occurrence of coronary artery, and possibly cerebrovascular, disease by 25 to 50% in treated women compared with non-users. These findings are supported by the evidence that estrogens have a beneficial effect on cholesterol metabolism and deposition, contributing to the inhibition of atherosclerotic plaque formation in arterial walls. Early reports suggested that up to 60% of the protective effect of estrogens on coronary artery disease was attributable to favourable changes in plasma lipids. Reanalysis of the data indicated that the lipid changes probably account for approximately 25% of the cardioprotective effect of estrogens and that other effects are, therefore, likely to be important. The influence of estrogens on carbohydrate metabolism, atheroma formation and cardiovascular haemodynamics may also play an integral role in the overall beneficial effect of the hormones. Animal and human studies have shown that the administration of estrogens leads to a restoration of endothelial function, an increase in cardiac output, an increase in arterial flow velocity, a decrease in vascular resistance, and a decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Recent studies on hormone replacement regimens have shown that estrogens may favourably affect fibrinolysis and reduce plasma fibrinogen to premenopausal levels. Despite these effects of estrogens the recent Heart and Estrogen/Progestin Replacement Study (HERS) failed to show a cardioprotective effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in elderly women with coronary artery disease. However, the HERS study has several limitations and stands alone against the large body of evidence that suggest that HRT may reduce cardiovascular mortality and morbidity.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Drugs & Aging"}}},"pageStart":"219","pageEnd":"234","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.2165/00002512-199915030-00005","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742238"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2165/00002512-199915030-00005"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10503814"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33742238"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancy-probabilities-during-use-of-the-creighton-model-fertility-care-system-recft5x07mct3dqk5/","name":"Pregnancy probabilities during use of the Creighton Model Fertility Care System","headline":"Pregnancy probabilities during use of the Creighton Model Fertility Care System","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancy-probabilities-during-use-of-the-creighton-model-fertility-care-system-recft5x07mct3dqk5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M P Howard","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Covenant Health System","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04q0ja294"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"1999-09-29","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate pregnancy probabilities during use of the Creighton Model Fertility Care System (CrMS).\n\nDESIGN: Couples who began use of the CrMS were entered into this observational cohort study. Follow-up included detailed reviews of use of the CrMS. Pregnancy probabilities were calculated with both net and gross life-table analysis through 18 months.\n\nSETTING: A natural family planning service delivery program based at an urban hospital in Houston, Tex.\n\nSUBJECTS: A group of 701 couples who received instruction in the CrMS were entered into the study. Most couples (93%) were engaged or married. Most women were white (83%), between the ages of 20 and 34 years (88%), and college graduates (58%).\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Pregnancies were classified based on a detailed evaluation involving the pregnant woman (usually with her partner).\n\nRESULTS: At 12 months, the following net pregnancy probabilities were found per 100 couples: method-related pregnancies, 0.14; pregnancies caused by user and/or teacher error, 2.72; pregnancies caused by achieving-related behavior (genital contact during a time known to be fertile), 12.84; unresolved pregnancies, 1.43; and total pregnancies, 17.12. Pregnancy probabilities were similar when stratified by the following reproductive categories: uncomplicated regular cycles, long cycles, discontinuing oral contraceptives, breastfeeding, and other.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Pregnancy probabilities of the CrMS compare favorably with those of other methods of family planning. Most pregnancies result from genital contact during a known fertile time. Women need not have regular cycles to use the CrMS successfully.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Archives of Family Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"391","pageEnd":"402","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1001/archfami.8.5.391","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33875334"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/archfami.8.5.391"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10500511"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33875334"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/womens-satisfaction-with-birth-control-a-population-survey-of-physical-and-psych-recxdyn8fypiqshf0/","name":"Women's satisfaction with birth control: a population survey of physical and  psychological effects of oral contraceptives, intrauterine devices, condoms,  natural family planning, and sterilization among 1466 women","headline":"Women's satisfaction with birth control: a population survey of physical and  psychological effects of oral contraceptives, intrauterine devices, condoms,  natural family planning, and sterilization among 1466 women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/womens-satisfaction-with-birth-control-a-population-survey-of-physical-and-psych-recxdyn8fypiqshf0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"B J Oddens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5393-2555","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"International Health Foundation, Geneva, Switzerland. info@ihf.nl"}}],"datePublished":"1999-09-24","abstract":"User satisfaction and the physical and psychological effects of five commonly used contraceptive methods were investigated in a population survey among 1466 West German women. The focus was on effects attributed by current and past users to these methods, rather than objectively assessed effects, to shed further light on personal experiences that are highly relevant to the user but often remain unknown to prescribers and unreported in the medical literature. Within the overall sample, 1303 women were surveyed concerning their current or past use of oral contraceptives (OC), 996 regarding condoms, 342 with respect to intrauterine devices (IUD), 428 in regard to natural family planning (NFP), and 139 in relation to sterilization (respondents completed questions about each method used). It emerged that satisfaction was greatest with sterilization (92% of users), followed by OC (68% of ever users), IUD (59%), NFP (43%), and condoms (30%). Almost one in three NFP users had experienced an unwanted pregnancy during use of this method, as compared with one in 20 OC and condom users. The majority of users reported no mood changes during use of the methods studied. The percentages reporting negative mood changes (various items were scored) were up to 16% among OC users, 23% among condom users, and 30% among NFP users. The latter observations suggested that subjective side effects of a contraceptive agent on mood generally reflected, at least in part, the user's sense of confidence in the method concerned (notably, with regard to efficacy and safety). Oral contraceptives, IUD, and sterilization had a broadly positive impact on sex life, whereas that of condoms was often negative. Whereas OC users often reported less heavy and painful menstruation (in up to 56% of cases), IUD were associated with heavier, prolonged, and more painful menstruation (in up to 65% of cases), as also was sterilization, although to a lesser extent (in up to 32% of cases). Overall, the study findings indicated that OC and sterilization had less negative impact on physical and psychological functioning than the other methods studied, in contrast to what the general public often believes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"59","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"277","pageEnd":"286","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0010-7824(99)00034-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51087408"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0010-7824(99)00034-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10494480"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q51087408"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-influence-of-donated-gametes-on-the-incidence-of-hypertensive-disorders-of-p-recke8hjwn7igdprp/","name":"The influence of donated gametes on the incidence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy","headline":"The influence of donated gametes on the incidence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-influence-of-donated-gametes-on-the-incidence-of-hypertensive-disorders-of-p-recke8hjwn7igdprp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Vinay Sharma","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7691-1706","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St James's University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/013s89d74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alison Rutherford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6838-0498"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A J Tomlinson"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Victoria Allgar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5228-2623","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00v4dac24"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J WALKER","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3020-0789","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of St Andrews","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02wn5qz54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Dada"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Nugent"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Philips"},{"@type":"Person","name":"O Salha","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St James's University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/013s89d74"}}],"datePublished":"1999-09-02","abstract":"Pregnancies achieved from oocyte, sperm or embryo donation are unique, since they have resulted from donor gametes that are immunologically foreign to the mother. Thus, studying the obstetric outcome of such pregnancies may shed some light on the pathophysiology of preeclampsia, particularly in women conceiving with donated embryos, since the entire fetal genome is allogenic in these pregnancies. In this retrospective cohort study, a total of 144 women were studied. Of these, 72 were infertility patients who had conceived as a result of sperm, ovum or embryo donation and the other 72 women were age- and parity-matched control patients who became pregnant with their own gametes, either spontaneously, or following intrauterine insemination with their partner's spermatozoa. Study patients were divided into three groups depending on the origin of the donated gametes. Group 1 consisted of pregnancies achieved by intrauterine insemination with washed donor spermatozoa (n = 33). Group 2 included women who conceived using donated oocytes (n = 27) and group 3 consisted of women who conceived as a result of embryo donation (n = 12). The incidence of pregnancy-induced hypertension in the donated gametes study group was 12.5% (9/72) compared with 2.8% (2/72) in the control group. In addition, pre-eclampsia was diagnosed in 18.1% (13/72) of the donated gametes study group compared to 1.4% (1/72) in the age- and parity-matched controls. The increased incidence of gestational hypertension in pregnancies resulting from donated gametes gives evidence for a maternal genetic component, with an equally strong fetal influence, in the complicated aetiology of gestational hypertension, and pre-eclampsia in particular.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"2268","pageEnd":"2273","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/14.9.2268","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43643362"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/14.9.2268"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10469693"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43643362"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/are-all-contraceptive-failures-unintended-pregnancies-evidence-from-the-1995-national-survey-of-family-growth-rec5tzbqpkiofjrb6/","name":"Are all contraceptive failures unintended pregnancies? Evidence from the 1995 National Survey of Family Growth","headline":"Are all contraceptive failures unintended pregnancies? Evidence from the 1995 National Survey of Family Growth","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/are-all-contraceptive-failures-unintended-pregnancies-evidence-from-the-1995-national-survey-of-family-growth-rec5tzbqpkiofjrb6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"James Trussell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1417-7849","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Princeton University; Office of Population research; Wallaca Hall Princeton New Jersey USA NJ 08544","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hx57361"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Barbara Vaughan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9979-1265","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guttmacher Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01yrmk064"}}],"datePublished":"1999-09-01","abstract":"Context: The incidence of unintended pregnancy has long been used as a primary indicator of the state of reproductive health. However, the definition--and therefore the measurement--of this indicator has been elusive.\n\nMethods: Data from the 1995 National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG) were used to compare levels of unintended pregnancy among contraceptive users based on two definitions--the standard definition based on women's reports of contraceptive failure, and the NSFG definition based on pregnancy timing (wanted then, wanted later, or not wanted then or in the future). An attitudinal scale was used to examine women's feelings about their unintended pregnancy.\n\nResults: Of pregnancies classified as contraceptive failures under the standard definition, only 68% were unintended pregnancies--94% of those ending in abortion and 60% of those ending in birth. Just 59% of women with a contraceptive failure classified as an unintended pregnancy reported feeling unhappy or very unhappy about their pregnancy, while 90% of those with a failure classified as an intended pregnancy reported being happy or very happy.\n\nConclusions: Measures of wantedness based on women's feelings about their pregnancy may correlate more closely with important pregnancy outcomes than do traditional measures of intendedness. This study examines the alternative implications of the measurements of unintended pregnancy during contraceptive failure in the US. The data from the 1995 National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG) were used to compare levels of unintended pregnancy among contraceptive users based on two definitions: the standard definition based on women's report of contraceptive failure; and the NSFG definition based on pregnancy timing. An attitudinal scale was used to examine women's feeling about their unintended pregnancy. The results of the analysis revealed 68% were unintended pregnancies under the classification of standard definition, while 59% of women with contraceptive failure classified under NSFG definition and reported feeling unhappy or very unhappy about their pregnancy. About 90% of those with contraceptive failure classified as an intended pregnancy reported feeling happy or very happy. Although these results were consistent with one another, it is still unclear why these women feeling happy about their unintended pregnancy are practicing contraception.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"31","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Family planning perspectives"}}},"pageStart":"246","pageEnd":"260","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulatory-and-metabolic-effects-of-dchiroinositol-in-the-polycystic-ovary-syndro-mhwwh7bg/","name":"Ovulatory and Metabolic Effects of D-chiro-inositol in the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome","headline":"Ovulatory and Metabolic Effects of D-chiro-inositol in the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulatory-and-metabolic-effects-of-dchiroinositol-in-the-polycystic-ovary-syndro-mhwwh7bg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"John E Nestler","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/057xmsr27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Daniela Jakubowicz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital Clínico Universitario de Caracas","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00vpxhq27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Reamer"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R D Gunn"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Allan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7369-4723","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alberta"}}],"datePublished":"1999-09-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"54","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrical &amp; Gynecological Survey"}}},"pageStart":"573","pageEnd":"574","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00006254-199909000-00018","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/00006254-199909000-00018"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovarian-cancer-and-infertility-a-genetic-link-rec9yxumlnlhbmfm4/","name":"Ovarian cancer and infertility: a genetic link?","headline":"Ovarian cancer and infertility: a genetic link?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovarian-cancer-and-infertility-a-genetic-link-rec9yxumlnlhbmfm4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J J Nieto"},{"@type":"Person","name":"KJ Rolfe","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Royal Free Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ge67z96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"AB MacLean","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Royal Free Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ge67z96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Hardiman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Royal Free Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ge67z96"}}],"datePublished":"1999-08-31","abstract":"A genetic mechanism may be responsible for the increased incidence of ovarian cancer in some infertile women (ie, those who failed to conceive despite treatment).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"354","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9179","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Lancet (London, England)"}}},"pageStart":"649","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(99)02250-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q78191124"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0140-6736(99)02250-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10466671"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q78191124"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovarian-endometriosis-a-marker-for-more-extensive-pelvic-and-intestinal-disease-recrdxbttt7rorrsv/","name":"Ovarian endometriosis: a marker for more extensive pelvic and intestinal disease","headline":"Ovarian endometriosis: a marker for more extensive pelvic and intestinal disease","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovarian-endometriosis-a-marker-for-more-extensive-pelvic-and-intestinal-disease-recrdxbttt7rorrsv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"David B Redwine","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Charles Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02stwhg86"}}],"datePublished":"1999-08-10","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To describe a computerized pelvic mapping system for pelvic and intestinal endometriosis and preliminary insights gained from it with respect to the effects of ovarian disease.\n\nDESIGN: Contemporaneous computerized tabulation of pelvic and intestinal sites of biopsy-proved endometriosis.\n\nSETTING: Tertiary referral center for the surgical treatment of endometriosis.\n\nPATIENT(S): One thousand nine hundred seventy-nine patients with endometriosis, 547 of whom had intestinal endometriosis. Patients with endometriosis with previous hysterectomy (n = 194) with or without castration were excluded from this total, leaving 1,785 patients for this study.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Computer tabulation of sites of biopsy-proved pelvic and intestinal endometriosis.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Extent of pelvic and intestinal endometriosis as reflected by number of pelvic or intestinal areas involved. Results were stratified by the presence or absence of ovarian endometriosis and by status of previous therapy.\n\nRESULT(S): Compared with patients without ovarian endometriosis, patients with ovarian endometriosis have more pelvic and intestinal areas involved by endometriosis. Patients with ovarian endometriosis and intestinal endometriosis are more likely to require full-thickness or segmental bowel resections for complete removal of intestinal disease. These findings persisted when adjusted for previous therapies or presence of superficial versus deep ovarian disease. Only 1.06% of patients had ovarian disease exclusively.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Superficial or deep ovarian endometriosis is a marker for the presence of more extensive pelvic and intestinal disease. Surgeons diagnosing and treating only ovarian endometriosis may be underdiagnosing and undertreating their patients.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"72","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"310","pageEnd":"315","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(99)00211-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q78103142"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(99)00211-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10439002"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q78103142"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/transdermal-progesterone-cream-for-vasomotor-symptoms-and-postmenopausal-bone-lo-reciduq2kno5wnckd/","name":"Transdermal progesterone cream for vasomotor symptoms and postmenopausal bone loss","headline":"Transdermal progesterone cream for vasomotor symptoms and postmenopausal bone loss","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/transdermal-progesterone-cream-for-vasomotor-symptoms-and-postmenopausal-bone-lo-reciduq2kno5wnckd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"H Leonetti"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J N Anasti"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Longo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8353-5163","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas"}}],"datePublished":"1999-08-04","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine effectiveness of transdermal progesterone cream for controlling vasomotor symptoms and preventing postmenopausal bone loss.\n\nMETHODS: We randomly assigned 102 healthy women within 5 years of menopause to transdermal progesterone cream or placebo. Study subjects and investigators were masked until data analysis was completed. An initial evaluation included complete history, physical examination, bone mineral density determination, and serum studies (TSH, FSH, lipid profile, and chemistry profile). Subjects were instructed to apply a quarter teaspoon of cream (containing 20 mg progesterone or placebo) to the skin daily. Each woman received daily multivitamins and 1200 mg of calcium and were seen every 4 months for review of symptoms. Bone scans and serum chemistries were repeated after 1 year.\n\nRESULTS: Thirty of the 43 (69%) in the treatment group and 26 of the 47 (55%) in the placebo group complained initially of vasomotor symptoms. Improvement or resolution of vasomotor symptoms, as determined by review of weekly symptom diaries, was noted in 25 of 30 (83%) treatment subjects and five of 26 (19%) placebo subjects (P < .001). However, the number of women who showed gain in bone mineral density exceeding 1.2% did not differ (alpha = .05, power of 80%).\n\nCONCLUSION: Although we found no protective effect on bone density after 1 year, we did see a significant improvement in vasomotor symptoms in the treated group.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"94","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"225","pageEnd":"228","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(99)00266-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33702628"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0029-7844(99)00266-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10432132"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33702628"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-finasteride-and-flutamide-in-the-treatment-of-idiopathic-hirsutism-rec2son4ekjvf4lkw/","name":"Comparison of finasteride and flutamide in the treatment of idiopathic hirsutism","headline":"Comparison of finasteride and flutamide in the treatment of idiopathic hirsutism","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-finasteride-and-flutamide-in-the-treatment-of-idiopathic-hirsutism-rec2son4ekjvf4lkw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A Gambera","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2146-2688","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Brescia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02q2d2610"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Falsetti","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Brescia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02q2d2610"}}],"datePublished":"1999-07-31","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of finasteride and flutamide in the treatment of idiopathic hirsutism.\n\nDESIGN: Randomized study.\n\nSETTING: Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, University of Brescia, Italy.\n\nPATIENT(S): Forty-six women with idiopathic hirsutism were selected.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Patients were assigned randomly to receive 5 mg of finasteride once daily or 250 mg of flutamide twice daily for 12 consecutive months.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Hirsutism was evaluated at 6 and 12 months of therapy by measuring the Ferriman-Gallwey score and the terminal-hair diameters (microm) taken from different body areas. Blood samples were taken and side effects were monitored during the treatment.\n\nRESULT(S): Both finasteride and flutamide induced a statistically significant decrease in hirsutism scores and hair diameters at the end of 12 months. Finasteride reduced the Ferriman-Gallwey score by 20.5% at 6 months and by 34.2% at 12 months, and hair diameter by 18.9%-23.6% at 6 months and by 29.6%-37.9% at 12 months. Flutamide reduced the Ferriman-Gallwey score by 26.6% at 6 months and by 50.9% at 12 months, and hair diameter by 22.3%-28.2% at 6 months and by 47.7%-56.5% at 12 months. Flutamide did not induce hormonal variations, whereas finasteride increased T levels by 60% and decreased 3alpha-androstanediol glucuronide by 69.5% at 12 months.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Both drugs were effective in the treatment of idiopathic hirsutism, but flutamide was more effective than finasteride.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"72","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"41","pageEnd":"46","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(99)00183-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q78067139"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(99)00183-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10428146"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q78067139"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/intratubal-pressure-before-and-after-transcervical-catheterization-of-the-fallop-rec1fplphsqpn4kaw/","name":"Intratubal pressure before and after transcervical catheterization of the fallopian tubes","headline":"Intratubal pressure before and after transcervical catheterization of the fallopian tubes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/intratubal-pressure-before-and-after-transcervical-catheterization-of-the-fallop-rec1fplphsqpn4kaw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute for Human Reproduction","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Yeung Jr"}],"datePublished":"1999-07-31","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To assess the intratubal pressure (ITP) and patency status of the fallopian tubes before and after transcervical catheterization of the fallopian tubes (TCFT).\n\nDESIGN: Prospective procedural assessment.\n\nSETTING: Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction.\n\nPATIENT(S): Two hundred thirty-four women with either primary or secondary infertility.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Patients underwent selective hysterosalpingography and, in some cases, TCFT with measurement of the ITP before and after the procedure.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The ITP before and after TCFT.\n\nRESULT(S): The mean (+/-SD) ITP in freely patent tubes was 0.53 +/- 0.06 atm, that in partially obstructed tubes was 1.23 +/- 0.52 atm, and that in completely obstructed tubes was 2.79 +/- 1.40 atm. After TCFT, the mean (+/-SD) ITP in partially obstructed tubes decreased to 0.64 +/- 0.31 atm and that in completely obstructed tubes decreased to 1.86 +/- 1.35 atm. The ITP was normalized in 76% of partially obstructed tubes and in 29.5% of completely obstructed tubes. In all cases of complete obstruction in which surgical correction was attempted, organic pathology was identified.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): The procedure described is a safe and easy means of obtaining reliable and significant information on the status of the proximal fallopian tube.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"72","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"174","pageEnd":"178","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(99)00165-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q78067243"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(99)00165-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10428171"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q78067243"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/how-old-is-endometriosis-late-17th--and-18th-century-european-descriptions-of-th-recbahgpddbko09fa/","name":"How old is endometriosis? Late 17th- and 18th-century European descriptions of the disease","headline":"How old is endometriosis? Late 17th- and 18th-century European descriptions of the disease","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/how-old-is-endometriosis-late-17th--and-18th-century-european-descriptions-of-th-recbahgpddbko09fa/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"V J Knapp","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"State University of New York at Potsdam","sameAs":"https://ror.org/032qgrc76"}}],"datePublished":"1999-07-31","abstract":"DESIGN OF THE PROJECT: This study is the result of a detailed examination of numerous historical documents as well as several contemporary works describing endometriosis. The historic texts are housed in the National Library of Medicine in Bethesda, Maryland, and had not been unearthed previously. Those primary sources date from 1690 to 1797 and repeatedly describe the organic damage and constitutional symptoms currently identified with endometriosis. The biologic research for this study was done during 1997 and 1998 in the Pathology Department of the Canton-Potsdam Hospital located in Potsdam, New York.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Endometriosis was described in European history approximately 300 years ago.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"72","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"10","pageEnd":"14","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(99)00196-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30746893"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(99)00196-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10428141"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q30746893"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/amniotic-fluid-concentrations-of-interleukin-1beta-interleukin-6-and-tnf-alpha-i-recgd0wsp9hfhysnd/","name":"Amniotic fluid concentrations of interleukin-1beta, interleukin-6 and TNF-alpha in chorioamnionitis before 32 weeks of gestation: histological associations and neonatal outcome","headline":"Amniotic fluid concentrations of interleukin-1beta, interleukin-6 and TNF-alpha in chorioamnionitis before 32 weeks of gestation: histological associations and neonatal outcome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/amniotic-fluid-concentrations-of-interleukin-1beta-interleukin-6-and-tnf-alpha-i-recgd0wsp9hfhysnd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"O Baud","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5021-0522","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00pg5jh14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Pelletier","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4228-1712","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Antoine-Béclère","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sb8a726"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thierry Lacaze‐Masmonteil","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00pg5jh14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hervé Fernandez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8720-0114","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00pg5jh14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y Ville","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5675-267X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00pg5jh14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Dehan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00pg5jh14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Emilie","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00pg5jh14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Frydman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Antoine-Béclère","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sb8a726"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Lacaze-Masmonteil"},{"@type":"Person","name":"V Zupan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00pg5jh14"}}],"datePublished":"1999-07-30","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: To test the association between cytokine levels in the amniotic fluid and (i) the vascular invasion phase of intrauterine infection, (ii) the occurrence of periventricular leukomalacia; to assess the correlation between C-reactive protein levels, a recognised biological marker of inflammation in maternal serum and cytokine levels in the amniotic fluid.\n\nDESIGN: Prospective clinical study.\n\nSETTING: Fetal medicine unit and neonatal intensive care unit, Antoine Beclere Hospital, Clamart, France.\n\nSAMPLE: Thirty-one pregnancies complicated by chorioamnionitis leading to birth before 32 weeks of gestation.\n\nMETHODS: Interleukin 1-beta, Interleukin 6 and TNF-alpha prospectively measured in the amniotic fluid. Histological examination of the placenta. Ultrasound examination and magnetic resonance imaging of the brains of the newborn infants performed within the first week of life.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The occurrence of periventricular leukomalacia was assessed by transfontanellar ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging.\n\nRESULTS: There was a significant positive correlation between the occurrence of histological chorioamnionitis, vascular extension of infection of the membranes, maternal inflammatory syndrome and neonatal sepsis. A strong association was found between maternal serum C-reactive protein concentrations and cytokine levels in the amniotic fluid. Interleukin-1beta was the best predictor of vascular extension of chorioamnionitis, and TNF-alpha was the best predictor of the development of severe early neonatal infection. There was no association between the amniotic fluid levels of cytokines and the development of periventricular leukomalacia.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that IL-1beta, IL-6 and TNF-alpha are produced in relation to intrauterine inflammation and infection, but cannot be directly implicated in the development of fetal cerebral white matter lesions.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"106","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"72","pageEnd":"77","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1999.tb08088.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q78059916"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1471-0528.1999.tb08088.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10426263"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q78059916"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polycystic-ovary-syndrome--only-relevant-in-reproductive-medicine-rec0qwj2cfko2xfxn/","name":"[Polycystic ovary syndrome--only relevant in reproductive medicine?]","headline":"[Polycystic ovary syndrome--only relevant in reproductive medicine?]","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polycystic-ovary-syndrome--only-relevant-in-reproductive-medicine-rec0qwj2cfko2xfxn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C Heim","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6580-6326","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universität Trier","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02778hg05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"De Geyter","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitäts Frauenklinik","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02veq1j93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Siegrist","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitäts Frauenklinik","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02veq1j93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Bilz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7716-2791","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitäts Frauenklinik","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02veq1j93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bilz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Abteilung für gynäkologische Endokrinologie und Reproduktionsmedizin, Universitäts-Frauenklinik, Basel"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Keller","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitäts Frauenklinik","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02veq1j93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christian De Geyter","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0889-6310","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Basel","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02s6k3f65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S C Heim","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Abteilung für gynäkologische Endokrinologie und Reproduktionsmedizin, Universitäts-Frauenklinik, Basel."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"U Keller"},{"@type":"Person","name":"W Siegrist"}],"datePublished":"1999-07-20","abstract":"The Polycystic Ovary Disease (PCOD) is one of the most common endocrine disorders in women with a prevalence of 5%. Affected women often consult a gynecologist because of menstrual irregularities, fertility problems or problems of androgen excess. However, PCOD is a metabolic disorder affecting multiple organs. Studies suggest that those women are at risk for developing several complications such as type II diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia and myocardial infarction. The risk to develop endometrial carcinoma is also elevated. To give adequate treatment to women with PCOD, an interdisciplinary approach of gynecologists together with endocrinologists specialized in metabolic and nutritional disorders at the University of Basel is presented. The work-up for diagnosis and assessment of risk factors is outlined. Goal of this interdisciplinary approach is an adequate evaluation of affected patients and their long-term follow-up to test if proposed interventions as weight loss, treatment of hyperinsulinemia, regulation of menstrual cycle and others can avoid long-term sequelae.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"56","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Therapeutische Umschau. Revue Therapeutique"}}},"pageStart":"271","pageEnd":"275","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1024/0040-5930.56.5.271","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q78011164"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1024/0040-5930.56.5.271"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10409902"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q78011164"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adjuvant-l-arginine-treatment-for-in-vitro-fertilization-in-poor-responder-patie-recnjnknu19ezskro/","name":"Adjuvant L-arginine treatment for in-vitro fertilization in poor responder patients","headline":"Adjuvant L-arginine treatment for in-vitro fertilization in poor responder patients","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adjuvant-l-arginine-treatment-for-in-vitro-fertilization-in-poor-responder-patie-recnjnknu19ezskro/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M. Salvatori","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Felice Petraglia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8851-625X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Siena","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01tevnk56"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fabio Facchinetti","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4694-9564","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Annibale Volpe","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cesare Battaglia","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Maxia"}],"datePublished":"1999-07-13","abstract":"The objective of the present study was prospectively and randomly to evaluate the role of L-arginine in improving uterine and follicular Doppler flow and in improving ovarian response to gonadotrophin in poor responder women. A total of 34 patients undergoing assisted reproduction was divided in two groups according to different ovarian stimulation protocols: (i) flare-up gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogue (GnRHa) plus elevated pure follicle stimulating hormone (pFSH) (n = 17); and (ii) flare-up GnRHa plus elevated pFSH plus oral L-arginine (n = 17). During the ovarian stimulation regimen, the patients were submitted to hormonal (oestradiol and growth hormone), ultrasonographic (follicular number and diameter, endometrial thickness) and Doppler (uterine and perifollicular arteries) evaluations. Furthermore, the plasma and follicular fluid concentrations of arginine, citrulline, nitrite/nitrate (NO2-/NO3-), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) were assayed. All 34 patients completed the study. In the L-arginine treated group a lower cancellation rate, an increased number of oocytes collected, and embryos transferred were observed. In the same group, increased plasma and follicular fluid concentrations of arginine, citrulline, NO2-/NO3-, and IGF-1 was observed. Significant Doppler flow improvement was obtained in the L-arginine supplemented group. Three pregnancies were registered in these patients. No pregnancies were observed in the other group. It was concluded that oral L-arginine supplementation in poor responder patients may improve ovarian response, endometrial receptivity and pregnancy rate.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1690","pageEnd":"1697","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/14.7.1690","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48913305"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/14.7.1690"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10402369"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q48913305"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/amniotic-fluid-matrix-metalloproteinase-9-levels-in-women-with-preterm-labor-and-rec5dg613xmo8m1xv/","name":"Amniotic fluid matrix metalloproteinase-9 levels in women with preterm labor and suspected intra-amniotic infection","headline":"Amniotic fluid matrix metalloproteinase-9 levels in women with preterm labor and suspected intra-amniotic infection","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/amniotic-fluid-matrix-metalloproteinase-9-levels-in-women-with-preterm-labor-and-rec5dg613xmo8m1xv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"G Locksmith"},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Clark","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4148-2440"},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Duff"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G S Schultz"}],"datePublished":"1999-07-02","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine the accuracy of amniotic fluid (AF) matrix metalloproteinase-9 measurements for diagnosing intra-amniotic infection in women with preterm labor.\n\nMETHODS: We performed amniocenteses in 44 women between 22 and 35 weeks' gestation who presented to our center with preterm labor and clinical suspicion of intra-amniotic infection. Each sample was analyzed by glucose measurement, Gram stain, and culture for aerobes, anaerobes, and mycoplasmas. We tested the AF for matrix metalloproteinase-9 using gelatin zymography and a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) system. We calculated accuracy and confidence intervals (CIs) for AF matrix metalloproteinase-9, glucose, and Gram stain for diagnosing intra-amniotic infection, using culture as the criterion standard.\n\nRESULTS: All patients who had matrix metalloproteinase-9 detectable by ELISA also demonstrated matrix metalloproteinase-9 by zymography. Six cases of intra-amniotic infection were confirmed by culture (prevalence 14%). The performance statistics of AF matrix metalloproteinase-9 for diagnosing intra-amniotic infection were: sensitivity 83% (95% CI 53, 99), specificity 95% (95% CI 88, 99), positive predictive value 71% (95% CI 37, 99), and negative predictive value 97% (95% CI 92, 99). Two women had false-positive results; one had gram-negative rods on the AF Gram stain and developed clinical signs and symptoms of chorioamnionitis several hours after amniocentesis and the other had a purulent vaginal discharge and an AF glucose level less than 15 mg/dL. Both delivered within 24 hours of amniocentesis.\n\nCONCLUSION: Measuring matrix metalloproteinase-9 in the AF appeared to be reliable for diagnosing intra-amniotic infection. An elevated matrix metalloproteinase-9 concentration in the AF at a preterm gestational age may portend imminent delivery regardless of microbiologic confirmation of intra-amniotic infection.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"94","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1","pageEnd":"6","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(99)00011-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44583566"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0029-7844(99)00011-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10389708"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44583566"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/change-in-cervical-length-after-prophylactic-cerclage-recxeabczdlmbco2z/","name":"Change in cervical length after prophylactic cerclage","headline":"Change in cervical length after prophylactic cerclage","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/change-in-cervical-length-after-prophylactic-cerclage-recxeabczdlmbco2z/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E F Funai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3603-9727","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"New York University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0190ak572"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L O'Neill","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9515-9193","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oregon"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M J Paidas","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5561-7196","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NYU Langone Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/005dvqh91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Rebarber"},{"@type":"Person","name":"T J Rosen"},{"@type":"Person","name":"B K Young"}],"datePublished":"1999-07-02","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine changes in length of incompetent cervices after cerclage, using transvaginal ultrasound.\n\nMETHODS: Patients were enrolled in a prospective, observational study under an Institutional Review Board-approved protocol. McDonald or Shirodkar sutures were placed according to physician preference. Pre- and postcerclage cervical lengths were measured within 72 hours of the procedure. At each examination, the first measurement was discarded, and a mean of the subsequent three measurements was calculated.\n\nRESULTS: Twenty-one Shirodkar and ten McDonald operations were done. The mean (+/- standard deviation) precerclage cervical length was 2.7+/-0.9 cm and the postcerclage cervical length was 3.6+/-0.9 cm (P<.001, paired t test).\n\nCONCLUSION: Prophylactic cerclage results in measurable increases in cervical length, which might contribute to the success of the procedure. Further study is needed to determine whether the degree of cervical lengthening after cerclage predicts term delivery.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"94","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"117","pageEnd":"119","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(98)00568-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33676561"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0029-7844(98)00568-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10389730"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33676561"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/running-and-ovulation-positively-change-cancellous-bone-in-premenopausal-women-recz094kxlgo0gzkr/","name":"Running and ovulation positively change cancellous bone in premenopausal women","headline":"Running and ovulation positively change cancellous bone in premenopausal women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/running-and-ovulation-positively-change-cancellous-bone-in-premenopausal-women-recz094kxlgo0gzkr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan I Barr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8701-7152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M A Petit","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8390-0773","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"1999-06-23","abstract":"Purpose: Exercise is understood to exert positive effects on bone. However cancellous bone has not been shown to increase with exercise. Previous results of our 1-yr observational prospective study in ovulatory women related 20% of the change in cancellous spinal bone mineral density (BMD), measured by quantitative computed tomography (QCT), to luteal phase length (the time from ovulation to menstruation, LL).\n\nMethods: The 66 women who documented exercise daily included normally active women (N = 23) and those who ran consistently or were increasing running in preparation for a marathon (N = 43). Exercise did not affect BMD change in the women as a whole. We re-evaluated those data to determine whether exercise-related effects on spinal cancellous BMD change in regularly cycling premenopausal women were related to ovulatory characteristics. The potential relationship of exercise to BMD change was reanalyzed by stratifying women into tertiles according to average LL documented by quantitative basal temperature analysis.\n\nResults: Repeated-measures ANOVA indicated independent positive effects of both luteal length (P = 0.001) and activity (P = 0.041). The 11 runners with LL > 10.9 d had a nonsignificant 0.5% increase in lumbar BMD while the 15 who averaged short LL (<9.9 d) experienced a significant 3.6% loss. In the runners as a group, however, kilometers run per week was negatively related to BMD change throughout (r = -0.347, P = 0.024).\n\nConclusions: These data are the first to indicate that, in women with regular cycles, luteal length and exercise independently and positively affect change in spinal cancellous BMD.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"31","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise"}}},"pageStart":"780","pageEnd":"787","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199906000-00004","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77911317"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/00005768-199906000-00004"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10378903"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q77911317"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/amniotic-fluid-concentrations-of-adrenomedullin-in-preterm-labor-recmd1k15vgpmxrls/","name":"Amniotic fluid concentrations of adrenomedullin in preterm labor","headline":"Amniotic fluid concentrations of adrenomedullin in preterm labor","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/amniotic-fluid-concentrations-of-adrenomedullin-in-preterm-labor-recmd1k15vgpmxrls/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A Alberini"},{"@type":"Person","name":"E V Cosmi"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Di Iorio"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Letizia"},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Marinoni","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sapienza University of Rome","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02be6w209"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Villaccio"}],"datePublished":"1999-06-11","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine whether adrenomedullin levels in amniotic fluid were associated with preterm labor.\n\nMETHODS: We measured immunoreactive adrenomedullin in amniotic fluid collected by amniocentesis from 36 women with clinical diagnosis of preterm labor or preterm premature rupture of membranes (PROM) and from 18 normal pregnant women.\n\nRESULTS: Amniotic fluid from cases of PROM and failure to respond to tocolysis were associated significantly with higher amniotic fluid adrenomedullin concentrations (177.0 +/- 22.5 pg/mL and 182.7 +/- 22.0 pg/mL, respectively, P < .01) than that from uncomplicated pregnancies (101.2 +/- 28.1 pg/mL) or preterm labor responsive to tocolysis (102.3 +/- 26.8 pg/mL).\n\nCONCLUSION: Amniotic fluid adrenomedullin is higher than normal in cases of PROM and preterm labor unresponsive to tocolysis, perhaps indicating enhanced synthesis from placenta or fetal membranes being stimulated by bacterial products.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"93","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"964","pageEnd":"967","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(98)00551-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77853565"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0029-7844(98)00551-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10362163"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q77853565"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-differential-risk-of-oral-contraceptives-the-impact-of-full-exposure-history-reckarlhfrfqlsrqd/","name":"The differential risk of oral contraceptives: the impact of full exposure  history","headline":"The differential risk of oral contraceptives: the impact of full exposure  history","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-differential-risk-of-oral-contraceptives-the-impact-of-full-exposure-history-reckarlhfrfqlsrqd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael A. O. Lewis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Syneos Health (Germany)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ahg0572"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dörthe Kühl-Habich","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Syneos Health (Germany)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ahg0572"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dörthe Kühl-Habich1"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Kühl-Habichl"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lothar A J Heinemann"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Heinemann, Lothar"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Walter O. Spitzer*"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Bruppacher"},{"@type":"Person","name":"K D MacRae","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1126-9796"},{"@type":"Person","name":"W O Spitzer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}}],"datePublished":"1999-06-08","abstract":"Previous discussions have indicated that the small increases of risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) associated with newer combined oral contraceptives (third generation, containing desogestrel and gestodene) may be attributed to bias due to cohort effects. In a case-control analysis, this may produce an overestimate of risk of newer preparations. In 10 centres in Germany and the UK, the Transnational Study analysed data from 502 women aged 16-44 years with VTE, and from 1864 controls matched for 5-year age group and region. Information on lifetime exposure history from all subjects was added to the dataset used in previous analyses and entered into a Cox regression model with time-dependent covariates. Based on 17 622 continuous exposure episodes comprising 47 914 person-years of observation, the adjusted hazard ratio (equivalent to odds ratio, OR) of VTE for the comparison of current users of third-generation versus current users of second-generation (primarily levonorgestrel compounds) combined oral contraceptives was 0.8 (0.5 to 1.3). The OR obtained in standard case-control analysis had been 1.5 (1.1 to 2.1). Adjustment for past exposures includes more information and appears more valid than the standard cross-sectional analysis. Using this approach, the Transnational Study data show no evidence for an increased risk of VTE with thirdcompared with second-generation combined oral contraceptives.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1493","pageEnd":"1499","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/14.6.1493","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45060752"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/14.6.1493"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10359554"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q45060752"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/venous-thromboembolic-disease-and-combined-oral-contraceptives-a-re-analysis-of--recdkn80wwpwcfimr/","name":"Venous thromboembolic disease and combined oral contraceptives: A re-analysis of  the MediPlus database","headline":"Venous thromboembolic disease and combined oral contraceptives: A re-analysis of  the MediPlus database","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/venous-thromboembolic-disease-and-combined-oral-contraceptives-a-re-analysis-of--recdkn80wwpwcfimr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R Lawrenson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0437-8839","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Surrey","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ks66431"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard Farmer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Surrey","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ks66431"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T.J. Williams","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3114-2418","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Surrey","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ks66431"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Geraldine Leydon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5986-3300","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00a0jsq62"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Todd","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7608-5184","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Surrey","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ks66431"}}],"datePublished":"1999-06-08","abstract":"In October 1995 the Committee on Safety of Medicines advised UK doctors and pharmacists that oral contraceptives containing desogestrel and gestodene were associated with double the risk of venous thromboembolic events (VTE) compared to pills containing other progestogens. In 1997 data was analysed from the MediPlus database of UK general practitioner records, which reported odds ratios for desogestrel and gestodene lower than that for levonorgestrel. Here the results of a more stringent nested case control analysis on the MediPlus database are reported. The study was larger and cases were verified. A crude incidence of idiopathic VTE was found amongst users of combined oral contraceptives of 4.6 per 10 000 exposed women years. Using levonorgestrel 150 microg + ethinyloestradiol 30 microg as reference, non-significant odds ratios of 1.1 (0.5-2.6) for desogestrel 150 microg + ethinyloestradiol 30 microg and 1.1 (0.5-2.4) for gestodene 75 microg + ethinyloestradiol 30 microg were found. The results of this study show no significant difference in risk between different formulations of combined oral contraceptive.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1500","pageEnd":"1505","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/14.6.1500","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28377450"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/14.6.1500"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10357966"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28377450"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-epidemiology-of-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-prevalence-and-associated-disease--rec9qrasllgpsuxcd/","name":"The epidemiology of polycystic ovary syndrome. Prevalence and associated disease risks","headline":"The epidemiology of polycystic ovary syndrome. Prevalence and associated disease risks","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-epidemiology-of-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-prevalence-and-associated-disease--rec9qrasllgpsuxcd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C G Solomon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0539-3475","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}}],"datePublished":"1999-06-03","abstract":"Polycystic ovary syndrome is a common problem affecting approximately 5% of women of reproductive age when defined by clinical features of anovulation and hyperandrogenism. Metabolic derangements associated with this condition may predispose to a range of diseases with attendant morbidity and mortality risks. In general, available data support significantly increased rates of type II diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and endometrial cancer in PCOS that are not completely explained by obesity; data also suggest that rates of hypertension, gestational diabetes, and pregnancy-induced hypertension may likewise be increased, although the extent to which obesity mediates these risks is not clear. The increased prevalence of several cardiovascular risk factors in PCOS and limited cross-sectional data suggest that cardiovascular disease should be more likely in PCOS, but prospective data are lacking to confirm this supposition. Limited data have suggested an association between PCOS and ovarian cancer risk and require further study. The present data do not support an increased risk for breast cancer in this condition. Long-term prospective data are clearly needed to better delineate the nature and magnitude of disease risks associated with PCOS, with appropriate adjustment for associated obesity. Such information is a necessary background for understanding the role of established and emerging PCOS therapies, including oral contraceptives, intermittent progesterone, ovulation induction agents, and insulin sensitizers, in modifying such risks. In the meantime, close follow-up of women with PCOS and encouragement of lifestyle practices likely to reduce disease risks, such as regular exercise and weight control, should be standard practice.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"28","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America"}}},"pageStart":"247","pageEnd":"263","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0889-8529(05)70069-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33649397"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0889-8529(05)70069-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10352918"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33649397"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/uses-of-progesterone-in-clinical-practice-recvy00q1gzfe4zyx/","name":"Uses of progesterone in clinical practice","headline":"Uses of progesterone in clinical practice","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/uses-of-progesterone-in-clinical-practice-recvy00q1gzfe4zyx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Shantha S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michelle P Warren","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University Irving Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01esghr10"}}],"datePublished":"1999-05-25","abstract":"Progesterone is the natural progestagen produced by the corpus luteum during the luteal phase. It is absorbed when administered orally, but is greater than 90% metabolized during the first hepatic pass. This greatly limits the efficacy of once-daily administration and also results in unphysiologically high levels of progesterone metabolites, particularly those reduced at the 5-a position. These metabolites can cause dizziness and drowsiness to the point of preventing the operation of a motor vehicle. Synthetic progestins, such as medroxyprogesterone acetate and norethindrone acetate (NETA), have been specifically designed to resist enzymatic degradation and remain active after oral administration. However, these compounds exert undesirable effects on the liver and often cause severe psychological side effects. The permeability of the skin does not allow for administration of progesterone in the quantities normally produced by the corpus luteum, i.e., up to 25 mg/day during the mid-luteal phase. To avoid this problem, synthetic progestins such as NETA have been administered transdermally. These compounds, though, just like synthetic estrogens administered non-orally, retain undesirable hepatic effects even when administered transdermally. Transvaginal administration of progesterone is a practical non-oral route available for administering progesterone. Early experience was gained with vaginal suppositories, which lack manufacturing controls. Recently, a new progesterone gel formulation has been designed for vaginal use. The clinical acceptability of this product has been enhanced by the bioadhesive characteristics of its polycarbophil-based gel, which conveys controlled and sustained-released properties. Investigations have shown that because of local direct vagina-to-uterus transport, which results in a preferential uterine uptake of progesterone, this formulation given in conjunction with physiological amounts of estradiol produces endometrial changes similar to those seen in the luteal phase, despite plasma progesterone levels that remain subphysiologic. Studies in infertility show that vaginal progesterone in this form allows secretory transformation of the endometrium and the development of pregnancy despite providing low systemic progesterone concentrations. Fewer side effects occur when used for hormone replacement than typically encountered with progestins and oral progesterone. Uses in patients with infertility and hypoestrogenism and secondary amenorrhea are reviewed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"44","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Fertility and Women's Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"96","pageEnd":"103","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancy-rates-after-in-vitro-fertilization-in-cases-of-tubal-infertility-with--recg8ql6n5s1abmue/","name":"Pregnancy rates after in-vitro fertilization in cases of tubal infertility with  and without hydrosalpinx: a meta-analysis of published comparative studies","headline":"Pregnancy rates after in-vitro fertilization in cases of tubal infertility with  and without hydrosalpinx: a meta-analysis of published comparative studies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancy-rates-after-in-vitro-fertilization-in-cases-of-tubal-infertility-with--recg8ql6n5s1abmue/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E Camus","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Paris Cité","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05f82e368"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Francois Goffinet","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9643-0299","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Paris Cité","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05f82e368"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Merlet"},{"@type":"Person","name":"I Nisand"},{"@type":"Person","name":"H J Philippe"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Poncelet"},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Wainer"}],"datePublished":"1999-05-15","abstract":"This meta-analysis was intended to evaluate differences in pregnancy rates after in-vitro fertilization (IVF) in tubal fertility with and without hydrosalpinx. It examined nine published retrospective comparative series and five series published as abstracts for which additional information was obtained. In all, these studies involved 5592 patients (1004 with hydrosalpinx and 4588 with tubal infertility without hydrosalpinx). The main outcome measures were rates of pregnancy, implantation, live delivery, and early pregnancy loss. Pregnancy rates were significantly lower in the presence of hydrosalpinx: 31.2% for the tubal sterility group without hydrosalpinx and 19.7% for the group with hydrosalpinx (odds ratio: 0.64; 95% confidence interval: 0.56, 0.74). Similarly, the implantation rate and the delivery rate per transfer in the hydrosalpinx group were only slightly more than half those of the non-hydrosalpinx group (implantation: 8.5 and 13.7%, respectively; delivery: 13.4 and 23.4%). The incidence of early pregnancy loss was also higher in the hydrosalpinx group (43.7%) than in the control group (31.1%). This meta-analysis makes it clear that hydrosalpinx present during IVF-embryo transfer has negative consequences on the rates of pregnancy, implantation, live delivery, and early pregnancy loss. It would be premature, nonetheless, to conclude that routine salpingectomy should be performed on all patients with hydrosalpinx.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1243","pageEnd":"1249","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/14.5.1243","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61859611"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/14.5.1243"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10325271"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q61859611"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metaanalysis-of-the-safety-and-efficacy-of-an-adhesion-barrier-interceed-tc7-in--rec1t2uw6r6c0yhsb/","name":"Metaanalysis of the safety and efficacy of an adhesion barrier (Interceed TC7) in laparotomy","headline":"Metaanalysis of the safety and efficacy of an adhesion barrier (Interceed TC7) in laparotomy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metaanalysis-of-the-safety-and-efficacy-of-an-adhesion-barrier-interceed-tc7-in--rec1t2uw6r6c0yhsb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"David M. Wiseman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8367-6158"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Trout JR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Diamond MP","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6353-4489","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Augusta University"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R R Franklin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}}],"datePublished":"1999-05-13","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of an oxidized, regenerated, cellulose adhesion barrier (Interceed TC7) in the reduction of pelvic adhesions.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: Clinical studies published or completed by December 31, 1994, evaluating the barrier used at laparotomy were considered for a metaanalysis.\n\nRESULTS: Of 10 studies (n = 560) identified, data from 7 (n = 389) met the inclusion criteria for determining the reduction in the incidence of adhesions and 5 (n = 311) for determining the reduction in adhesion extent (raw surface area after adhesiolysis). There was a 24.2 +/- 3.3% difference in the incidence of adhesions (P < .001) between barrier-treated and untreated sites. Adhesion-free outcomes were 1.5-2.5 times more likely at barrier-treated sites than at sites with good surgical technique alone (odds ratio = 2.89; 95% confidence interval = 2.15-3.90). Barrier treatment resulted in a greater reduction (1.1 +/- 0.4 cm2) in adhesion extent (raw surface area) than good surgical technique alone (P < .001). Four adverse events were recorded; they were typical of those seen after surgery. No event was considered to be definitely related to the use of the barrier.\n\nCONCLUSION: The barrier significantly reduced the incidence and extent of adhesions as compared with no treatment, confirming the conclusion from individual studies that it is safe and effective in pelvic laparotomy surgery.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"44","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"325","pageEnd":"331","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pathophysiology-and-management-of-proximal-tubal-blockage-recjtyqpvyttoyym1/","name":"Pathophysiology and management of proximal tubal blockage","headline":"Pathophysiology and management of proximal tubal blockage","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pathophysiology-and-management-of-proximal-tubal-blockage-recjtyqpvyttoyym1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A E Holden","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02f6dcw23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gerard M Honoré","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02f6dcw23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R S Schenken","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02f6dcw23"}}],"datePublished":"1999-05-07","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To review the physiology, pathology, and treatment of proximal tubal disease.\n\nDATA IDENTIFICATION: Relevant reports on the pathophysiology of proximal tubal disease were reviewed. All studies in English of microsurgery and macrosurgery, and of radiographic and hysteroscopic cannulation in women with proximal tubal blockage were identified through MEDLINE searches.\n\nSTUDY SELECTION: All studies of therapy for proximal blockage that included pregnancy rates were considered. Series of sterilization reversals, series of unilateral or combined procedures, and series in which the location of tubal blockage was not given were excluded from the data analyses.\n\nDATA ANALYSIS: Raw data were assessed for homogeneity, then standardized and pooled. Total and ongoing pregnancy rates after microsurgery and macrosurgery, as well as radiographic and hysteroscopic transcervical cannulation, were compared by the chi2 test. Relative risks for total and ongoing pregnancies were calculated for all treatment methods.\n\nRESULT(S): This meta-analysis suggests that, overall, microsurgical anastomosis results in higher total and ongoing pregnancy rates than macrosurgery or radiographic tubal cannulation. However, pregnancy rates in selected series of transcervical tubal cannulation are similar to those reported for microsurgery.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Ongoing intrauterine pregnancy rates near 50% can be achieved in patients with proximal blockage of the fallopian tube. Selective salpingography and transcervical cannulation under fluoroscopic guidance are effective at establishing patency in appropriately selected patients and are less invasive and costly than the surgical alternatives.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"71","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"785","pageEnd":"795","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(99)00014-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33609657"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(99)00014-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10231034"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33609657"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-drugs-and-the-risk-of-breast-and-ovarian-cancers-results-of-a-long-ter-recxl6pex27rauuf2/","name":"Fertility drugs and the risk of breast and ovarian cancers: results of a long-term follow-up study","headline":"Fertility drugs and the risk of breast and ovarian cancers: results of a long-term follow-up study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-drugs-and-the-risk-of-breast-and-ovarian-cancers-results-of-a-long-ter-recxl6pex27rauuf2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Liat Lerner‐Geva","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3036-1304","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sheba Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/020rzx487"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Chetrit","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7129-5497","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sheba Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/020rzx487"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Lunenfeld","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2260-9530","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ben-Gurion University of the Negev","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05tkyf982"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Genkin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ben-Gurion University of the Negev","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05tkyf982"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Lerner-Geva","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3435-1832","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Franklin & Marshall College"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Porath","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ben-Gurion University of the Negev","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05tkyf982"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Potashnik","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ben-Gurion University of the Negev","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05tkyf982"}}],"datePublished":"1999-05-07","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To investigate a possible linkage between the use of fertility drugs for infertility and the risk of breast and ovarian cancers.\n\nDESIGN: Long-term, historic-prospective study.\n\nSETTING: Fertility clinic in a university hospital.\n\nPATIENT(S): Files of 1,197 infertile women with a mean (+/- SD) follow-up of 17.9+/-5 years (21,407 person-years) were reviewed. Diagnoses, number of courses, and dosage of fertility drugs were extracted from the files.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Cancers were identified by record linkage to the National Cancer Registry. Histopathologic reports and data on estrogen and progesterone receptors in breast cancer tissue were also reviewed.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Standardized incidence ratio with 95% confidence interval (CI) were used for risk assessment.\n\nRESULT(S): Of 20 breast cancers (standardized incidence ratio, 1.40 [95% CI, 0.83-2.10]), 16 were detected among 780 women who had been exposed to 3,978 cycles of clomiphene citrate (CC) and/or hMG (standardized incidence ratio, 1.65 [95% CI, 0.94-2.68]). The standardized incidence ratio for this cancer was significantly increased only in patients with one or two CC treatments and a dose of < or =1,000 mg (2.6 [1.19-5.0] and 2.52 [1.21-4.64], respectively). Two cases of ovarian cancer (1 patient unexposed) were observed with no evidence of excessive risk. Six of the eight patients with data on estrogen and progesterone receptors were exposed to CC, and all tested positive for these receptors.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): An association between the use of fertility drugs and an increased risk of breast and ovarian cancers has not been confirmed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"71","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"853","pageEnd":"859","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(99)00085-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28143163"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(99)00085-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10231045"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28143163"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptive-use-and-risk-of-hip-fracture-a-case-control-study-recdzctlo6utygke9/","name":"Oral-contraceptive use and risk of hip fracture: a case-control study","headline":"Oral-contraceptive use and risk of hip fracture: a case-control study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptive-use-and-risk-of-hip-fracture-a-case-control-study-recdzctlo6utygke9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Karl Michaëlsson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2815-1217","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Uppsala University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01apvbh93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J A Baron","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3461-1056","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dartmouth College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/049s0rh22"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bahman Farahmand","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0683-8889","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stockholm County Council","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02zrae794"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Ljunghall","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Uppsala University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01apvbh93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"I Persson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9967-0589","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Karolinska Institutet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056d84691"}}],"datePublished":"1999-05-01","abstract":"Background: Epidemiological studies indicate a protective effect of postmenopausal oestrogen therapy on the risk of osteoporotic fractures. Whether premenopausal oestrogen exposure in the form of oral contraceptives also reduces the risk of osteoporotic fractures remains uncertain. Method: We did a population-based case control study of hip fracture among Swedish postmenopausal women, 50-81 years of age, through mailed questionnaires and telephone interviews. Of those women who were eligible, 1327 (82.5%) cases and 3312 (81.6%) randomly selected controls responded.\n\nFindings: 130 (11.6%) cases and 562 (19.1%) controls reported ever-use of oral contraceptives. Ever-use of oral contraceptives was associated with a 25% reduction in hip fracture risk (odds ratio 0.75 [95% CI 0.59-0.96]). Women who had ever used a high-dose pill (equivalent to > or = 50 microg ethinylestradiol per tablet) had a 44% lower risk for hip fracture than never-users (0.56 [0.42-0.75]). No overall trend was observed with duration of oral-contraceptive use, or time since last use. However, when making comparisons with women who have never used oral contraceptives, the odds ratios for hip-fracture were 0.69 (0.51-0.94) for use after age 40, 0.82 (0.57-1.16) for use at ages 30-39, and 1.26 (0.76-2.09) for use before age 30.\n\nInterpretation: Our results imply that in postmenopausal women, oral-contraceptive use late in reproductive life may reduce the risk of hip fracture, although we recognise the limitations of the case-control method.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"353","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9163","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Lancet"}}},"pageStart":"1481","pageEnd":"1484","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(98)09044-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59806704"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/S0140-6736(98)09044-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10232314"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q59806704"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulatory-and-metabolic-effects-of-d-chiro-inositol-in-the-polycystic-ovary-synd-recfpik8nwmfbbuch/","name":"Ovulatory and metabolic effects of D-chiro-inositol in the polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"Ovulatory and metabolic effects of D-chiro-inositol in the polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulatory-and-metabolic-effects-of-d-chiro-inositol-in-the-polycystic-ovary-synd-recfpik8nwmfbbuch/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Daniela Jakubowicz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital Clínico Universitario de Caracas","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00vpxhq27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Allan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7369-4723","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alberta"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R D Gunn"},{"@type":"Person","name":"John E Nestler","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/057xmsr27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Reamer"}],"datePublished":"1999-04-29","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Women with the polycystic ovary syndrome have insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, possibly because of a deficiency of a D-chiro-inositol-containing phosphoglycan that mediates the action of insulin. We hypothesized that the administration of D-chiro-inositol would replenish stores of the mediator and improve insulin sensitivity.\n\nMETHODS: We measured steroids in serum and performed oral glucose-tolerance tests before and after the oral administration of 1200 mg of D-chiro-inositol or placebo once daily for six to eight weeks in 44 obese women with the polycystic ovary syndrome. The serum progesterone concentration was measured weekly to monitor for ovulation.\n\nRESULTS: In the 22 women given D-chiro-inositol, the mean (+/-SD) area under the plasma insulin curve after the oral administration of glucose decreased from 13,417+/-11,572 to 5158+/-6714 microU per milliliter per minute (81+/-69 to 31+/-40 nmol per liter per minute) (P=0.007; P=0.07 for the comparison of this change with the change in the placebo group); glucose tolerance did not change significantly. The serum free testosterone concentration in these 22 women decreased from 1.1+/-0.8 to 0.5+/-0.5 ng per deciliter (38+/-7 to 17+/-3 pmol per liter) (P=0.006 for the comparison with the change in the placebo group). The women's diastolic and systolic blood pressure decreased by 4 mm Hg (P<0.001 and P=0.05, respectively, for the comparisons with the changes in the placebo group), and their plasma triglyceride concentrations decreased from 184+/-88 to 110+/-61 mg per deciliter (2.1+/-0.2 to 1.2+/-0.1 mmol per liter) (P=0.002 for the comparison with the change in the placebo group). None of these variables changed appreciably in the placebo group. Nineteen of the 22 women who received D-chiro-inositol ovulated, as compared with 6 of the 22 women in the placebo group (P<0.001).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: D-Chiro-inositol increases the action of insulin in patients with the polycystic ovary syndrome, thereby improving ovulatory function and decreasing serum androgen concentrations, blood pressure, and plasma triglyceride concentrations.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"340","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"1314","pageEnd":"1320","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199904293401703","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28142499"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJM199904293401703"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10219066"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28142499"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pitfalls-in-ultrasonic-cervical-length-measurement-for-predicting-preterm-birth-recznoit6drotbkln/","name":"Pitfalls in ultrasonic cervical length measurement for predicting preterm birth","headline":"Pitfalls in ultrasonic cervical length measurement for predicting preterm birth","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pitfalls-in-ultrasonic-cervical-length-measurement-for-predicting-preterm-birth-recznoit6drotbkln/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Nicole P. Yost","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05byvp690"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S L Bloom"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kenneth J Leveno","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05byvp690"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D M Twickler"}],"datePublished":"1999-04-24","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To describe the anatomic and technical difficulties encountered with transvaginal ultrasound imaging of the cervix in a consecutive series of women at risk for preterm delivery.\n\nMETHODS: Three groups of women had cervical ultrasound examinations: those with histories of preterm birth, those with incompetent cervices, and those admitted for preterm labor that did not progress. Standardized ultrasound examinations of the cervix involved measuring the length of the endocervical canal, funneling length, and internal os dilation with and without fundal pressure.\n\nRESULTS: Sixty consecutive women had transvaginal ultrasound examinations for assessment of the cervix. Forty-six had histories of preterm birth, five had incompetent cervices, and nine had arrested preterm labor. Six types of problems arose, which can be divided into anatomic or technical considerations, with an overall frequency of 27% (95% confidence interval 16%, 40%). Anatomic pitfalls that hampered identification of the internal os included an undeveloped lower uterine segment (n = 5), a focal myometrial contraction (n = 1), rapid and spontaneous cervical change (n = 1), and an endocervical polyp (n = 1). Technical pitfalls included incorrect interpretation of internal os dilation because of vaginal probe orientation (n = 7) and artificial lengthening of the endocervical canal because of distortion of the cervix by the transducer (n = 1).\n\nCONCLUSION: We caution those who perform cervical length examinations to be wary of falsely reassuring findings due to potential anatomic and technical pitfalls.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"93","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"510","pageEnd":"516","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(98)00438-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77360626"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0029-7844(98)00438-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10214824"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q77360626"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-a-clinically-malignant-disease-recedwf1xctebbtsr/","name":"Endometriosis: a clinically malignant disease","headline":"Endometriosis: a clinically malignant disease","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-a-clinically-malignant-disease-recedwf1xctebbtsr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Adolf Eduard Schindler","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00gfym921"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Christensen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00gfym921"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Henkel","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Gynecology, Centre of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Essen, Germany."}}],"datePublished":"1999-04-17","abstract":"According to the literature this is the first patient with the primary diagnosis of an endometriosis (EMT) based on the cardinal symptom of an uremia in combination with a colorectal ileus. Operative removal of EMT was possible after hormonal suppression with Dienogest.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"82","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology"}}},"pageStart":"209","pageEnd":"211","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0301-2115(98)00249-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77334180"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0301-2115(98)00249-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10206417"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q77334180"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-versus-intramuscular-progesterone-for-in-vitro-fertilization-a-prospective--recppgocs46h8b0ud/","name":"Oral versus intramuscular progesterone for in vitro fertilization: a prospective randomized study","headline":"Oral versus intramuscular progesterone for in vitro fertilization: a prospective randomized study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-versus-intramuscular-progesterone-for-in-vitro-fertilization-a-prospective--recppgocs46h8b0ud/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Frederick Licciardi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2186-5981","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"New York University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0190ak572"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nicole Noyes","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"New York University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0190ak572"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J. Grifo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0439-2374","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"New York University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0190ak572"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A S Berkeley","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"New York University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0190ak572"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L L Krey","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"New York University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0190ak572"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Kwiatkowski","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"New York University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0190ak572"}}],"datePublished":"1999-04-15","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of oral micronized progesterone compared with IM progesterone in oil for luteal support in patients undergoing IVF who are treated with a GnRH agonist.\n\nDESIGN: Randomized prospective clinical trial.\n\nSETTING: University-based IVF center.\n\nPATIENT(S): Women <40 years of age who were undergoing IVF with luteal GnRH pituitary down-regulation.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Patients were randomized to receive either oral micronized progesterone (200 mg three times daily) or IM progesterone (50 mg daily).\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Progesterone levels at standardized days 21 and 28, and pregnancy and embryo implantation rates.\n\nRESULT(S): Day 21 progesterone levels were 77.6+/-13.2 ng/mL in the IM group and 81.5+/-16.2 ng/mL in the oral group. Day 28 progesterone levels were 76.3+/-15.0 ng/mL in the IM group and 53.6+/-10.1 ng/mL in the oral group. The clinical pregnancy rates were 57.9% and 45.8% for the IM and oral groups, respectively. The implantation rate per embryo was significantly higher in the IM group (40.9%) than in the oral group (18.1%).\n\nCONCLUSION(S): When used according to our protocols, oral progesterone and IM progesterone result in comparable levels of circulating progesterone. However, oral progesterone results in a reduced implantation rate per embryo.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"71","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"614","pageEnd":"618","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(98)00515-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77323429"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(98)00515-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10202868"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q77323429"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prospective-randomized-double-blind-trial-of-the-correlation-between-time-of-adm-recgmikv6tilqxlqq/","name":"Prospective randomized double-blind trial of the correlation between time of administration and antiestrogenic effects of clomiphene citrate on reproductive end organs","headline":"Prospective randomized double-blind trial of the correlation between time of administration and antiestrogenic effects of clomiphene citrate on reproductive end organs","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prospective-randomized-double-blind-trial-of-the-correlation-between-time-of-adm-recgmikv6tilqxlqq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Neal Mahutte","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6619-0172","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00arwy491"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Togas Tulandi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5253-2565","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S L Tan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4065-8619","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sheffield Hallam University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/019wt1929"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M M Biljan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Victoria Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00arwy491"}}],"datePublished":"1999-04-15","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether the timing of administration of clomiphene citrate (CC) affects hormone levels, follicular recruitment, reproductive end organs, and pregnancy rates.\n\nDESIGN: Prospective, randomized, double-blind trial.\n\nSETTING: Academic center.\n\nPATIENT(S): Twenty-three patients with unexplained infertility.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Twenty-three patients with unexplained infertility underwent 45 cycles of CC and IUI. For each cycle, patients were randomized either to receive 100 mg of CC on days 1-5 and placebo on days 5-9 (study group), or placebo on days 1-5 and CC on days 5-9 (control group).\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The difference in uterine artery PI, number of follicles, endometrial thickness, and pregnancy rates.\n\nRESULT(S): Gonadotropins and E2 levels, as well as uterine artery pulsatility index, were significantly higher in the study group on day 5. In addition, in the study group, a longer time interval existed between finishing CC and IUI (8 versus 6 days; MD = 2 days; 95% CI = 1-3) and the pregnancy rate was higher than in the control group (6 versus 0; OR = 15.1; 95% CI = 1.1-72.4).\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Clomiphene citrate commenced on day 1 of the menstrual cycle, rather than day 5, results in more rapid follicular growth, a longer CC-free period before IUI, and higher pregnancy rates. Although methodologically sound, our results should be taken with some degree of caution because they are based on a relatively small number of patients.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"71","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"633","pageEnd":"638","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(98)00534-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77323438"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(98)00534-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10202871"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q77323438"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/etiologic-factors-in-women-with-a-history-of-recurrent-pregnancy-loss-recxsltkeyjtauw2z/","name":"Etiologic Factors in Women with a History of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss","headline":"Etiologic Factors in Women with a History of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/etiologic-factors-in-women-with-a-history-of-recurrent-pregnancy-loss-recxsltkeyjtauw2z/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kutteh W H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"William H Kutteh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6049-3842","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tennessee Health Science Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0011qv509"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John M. Carney"}],"datePublished":"1999-04-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"93","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics & Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"S42","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(99)90089-3","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0029-7844(99)90089-3"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/human-assisted-conception-a-cautionary-tale-lessons-from-domestic-animals-recrzguzvz6vzabvh/","name":"Human assisted conception: a cautionary tale. Lessons from domestic animals","headline":"Human assisted conception: a cautionary tale. Lessons from domestic animals","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/human-assisted-conception-a-cautionary-tale-lessons-from-domestic-animals-recrzguzvz6vzabvh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"H J Leese","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of York","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04m01e293"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J G Thompson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4941-7731","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"AgResearch","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0124gwh94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"I Donnay","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UCLouvain","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02495e989"}}],"datePublished":"1999-03-26","abstract":"A variety of embryo-based technologies used in farm animal reproduction, including embryo culture, nuclear transfer, embryo-somatic cell co-culture and asynchronous embryo transfer can lead to the production of large offspring; the so-called large calf/lamb syndrome. In some cases, abnormalities in the fetus and newborn are apparent. The nature of these associations is explored with emphasis on the biological differences between in-vivo- and in-vitro-produced embryos. A unifying framework and research programme aimed at explaining anomalies in early embryo development is then proposed in terms of the response of somatic cells and embryos to cellular stress. The review concludes with a caution against developments in assisted conception technologies, in man and domestic animals, being determined too much by the needs of commerce at the expense of research on the molecular, biochemical and physiological basis of early mammalian development.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13 Suppl 4","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"suppl 4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"184","pageEnd":"202","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/13.suppl_4.184","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33544782"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/13.suppl_4.184"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10091069"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33544782"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstrual-cycle-pattern-and-fertility-a-prospective-follow-up-study-of-pregnancy-recbzixbrrzlyulgg/","name":"Menstrual cycle pattern and fertility: a prospective follow-up study of pregnancy and early embryonal loss in 295 couples who were planning their first pregnancy","headline":"Menstrual cycle pattern and fertility: a prospective follow-up study of pregnancy and early embryonal loss in 295 couples who were planning their first pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstrual-cycle-pattern-and-fertility-a-prospective-follow-up-study-of-pregnancy-recbzixbrrzlyulgg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"H A Kolstad","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6535-4323","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aarhus University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040r8fr65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Bonde","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8181-3673","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aarhus University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040r8fr65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Niels H. Hjøllund","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6697-6597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aarhus University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040r8fr65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tina Kold Jensen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2311-5778","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rigshospitalet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mchdq19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T B Henriksen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6933-8294","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aarhus University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040r8fr65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Ernst","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9474-0314","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aarhus University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040r8fr65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N E Skakkebaek","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4282-8020"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Olsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7311-6205","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aarhus University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040r8fr65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Giwercman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rigshospitalet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mchdq19"}}],"datePublished":"1999-03-05","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To characterize how the menstrual cycle pattern relates to fertility regardless of potential biases caused by inappropriate coital timing during the menstrual cycle or early embryonal loss.\n\nDESIGN: Prospective follow-up study.\n\nSETTING: Healthy couples recruited throughout Denmark.\n\nPATIENT(S): Two hundred ninety-five couples who were planning their first pregnancy were followed up from the discontinuation of birth control until a pregnancy was recognized within six menstrual cycles. Early embryonal losses were detected by changes in urinary hCG levels.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): None.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The probability of pregnancy occurring within one menstrual cycle (fecundity).\n\nRESULT(S): In women who had a cycle length that differed by >10 days from the usual cycle length, fecundity was approximately 25% that of women who had no variation (odds ratio 0.25, 95% confidence interval 0.09-0.68). When the combined effect of cycle variation and cycle length was assessed, cycle variation was a persistent strong predictor of fecundity.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): The mechanisms of the present findings probably are female functional disturbances in ovulation, conception, implantation, or sustained pregnancy, linked with variable menstrual cycle length. Thus, identification of medical and environmental causes of abnormal menstrual cycle patterns may provide clues to the causes of infertility. Moreover, the menstrual cycle pattern also should be taken into consideration in the clinical decision-making process.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"71","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"490","pageEnd":"496","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(98)00474-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52909367"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(98)00474-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10065787"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q52909367"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prospective-randomized-trial-comparing-the-outcome-and-cost-of-in-vitro-fertiliz-rec5vpyucp1y6ztyx/","name":"Prospective randomized trial comparing the outcome and cost of in vitro fertilization with that of a traditional treatment algorithm as first-line therapy for couples with infertility","headline":"Prospective randomized trial comparing the outcome and cost of in vitro fertilization with that of a traditional treatment algorithm as first-line therapy for couples with infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prospective-randomized-trial-comparing-the-outcome-and-cost-of-in-vitro-fertiliz-rec5vpyucp1y6ztyx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Vishvanath Karande","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Foundation for Reproductive Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hp71e29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John S. Rinehart","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Human Reproduction","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05avmsq62"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Norbert Gleicher","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0202-4167","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Foundation for Reproductive Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hp71e29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Balin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Chicago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Dohn","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Human Reproduction","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05avmsq62"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Korn","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Chicago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Morris","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3549-8526","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ontario Parks"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Rao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6155-8193","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Chicago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41"}}],"datePublished":"1999-03-05","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine whether IVF or a standard infertility treatment algorithm results in better outcome and/or lower cost when used as first-line therapy for couples with infertility.\n\nDESIGN: Prospective, randomized clinical study.\n\nSETTING: University-affiliated infertility clinic.\n\nPATIENT(S): Couples with newly diagnosed infertility and no prior treatment.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Couples were randomized to undergo either IVF (group 1, n = 46) or a standard infertility treatment algorithm (group 2, n = 50) as initial therapy for infertility.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Pregnancy rates and costs per couple, per month of treatment, and per pregnancy.\n\nRESULT(S): Pregnancy rates were higher in group 2 than in group 1. Costs per couple were not statistically different, although a trend toward higher costs was apparent in group 1, reflected by a higher median cost per clinical pregnancy established and a higher cost per month of treatment. Whereas cost differences between the groups diminished over time, pregnancy rates remained the same.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): In vitro fertilization currently does not represent an appropriate first-line treatment option for couples with infertility. The use of a standard infertility treatment algorithm results in a higher pregnancy rate and lower cost and therefore should be the preferred treatment approach.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"71","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"468","pageEnd":"475","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(98)00490-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52222697"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(98)00490-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10065784"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q52222697"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/should-multifetal-pregnancy-reduction-be-used-for-prevention-of-preterm-deliveri-recfqv1l1lrq6glyb/","name":"Should multifetal pregnancy reduction be used for prevention of preterm deliveries in triplet or higher order multiple pregnancies?","headline":"Should multifetal pregnancy reduction be used for prevention of preterm deliveries in triplet or higher order multiple pregnancies?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/should-multifetal-pregnancy-reduction-be-used-for-prevention-of-preterm-deliveri-recfqv1l1lrq6glyb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Gilles Grangé","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9678-5898"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Zeitlin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9568-2969"},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Papiernik","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}}],"datePublished":"1999-02-23","abstract":"This article reviews the arguments for the use of multifetal pregnancy reduction (MFPR) for the prevention of preterm deliveries in triplet and higher order multiple pregnancies and evaluates its effectiveness based on data from published studies. The arguments in favour of pregnancy reduction are based on the substantial mortality and morbidity associated with these pregnancies. Triplets and higher order multiples have increased rates of preterm delivery and intrauterine growth retardation, both of which are independent risk factors for death and handicap. Even controlling for gestational age, rates of mortality and handicap are higher for multiples than for singletons. Moreover, the family's risk of losing a child or having a handicapped child is greater because there are more infants at risk. MFPR effectively lowers these risk by reducing the frequency of preterm delivery. However, its effectiveness may be limited. In some studies, the proportion of preterm deliveries in reduced pregnancies remains above levels found in spontaneous twin or singleton pregnancies and MFPR does not appear to reduce the prevalence of low birth weight. Furthermore, the procedure itself has unwanted side effects: it increases the risk of miscarriage, premature rupture of the membranes and causes adverse psychological effects such as grief or depression for many patients. The authors note that a majority of the higher order multiple pregnancies result from a medical intervention in the first place, either through IVF techniques or the use of ovulation stimulation drugs. Although MFPR is an effective measure for reducing the substantial morbidity and mortality associated with higher order multiple pregnancies, preventive methods, such as limiting to 2 the number of embryos transferred for IVF and better control of the use of ovulation induction drugs, remain more effective and less intrusive.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"26","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Perinatal Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"365","pageEnd":"370","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1515/jpme.1998.26.5.365","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33535041"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1515/jpme.1998.26.5.365"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10027131"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33535041"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-major-metabolite-of-equilin-4-hydroxyequilin-autoxidizes-to-an-o-quinone-whi-recoqxm3igtdi5ael/","name":"The major metabolite of equilin, 4-hydroxyequilin, autoxidizes to an o-quinone which isomerizes to the potent cytotoxin 4-hydroxyequilenin-o-quinone","headline":"The major metabolite of equilin, 4-hydroxyequilin, autoxidizes to an o-quinone which isomerizes to the potent cytotoxin 4-hydroxyequilenin-o-quinone","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-major-metabolite-of-equilin-4-hydroxyequilin-autoxidizes-to-an-o-quinone-whi-recoqxm3igtdi5ael/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yiqing Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6870-4202","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04epb4p87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Shen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6436-7632","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Chicago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R B van Breemen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2016-0063","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Chicago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J L Bolton","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9222-1457","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Chicago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Pisha","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Chicago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y Xiong","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Chicago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Zhang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4380-9742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Chicago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41"}}],"datePublished":"1999-02-23","abstract":"The risk factors for women developing breast and endometrial cancers are all associated with a lifetime of estrogen exposure. Estrogen replacement therapy in particular has been correlated with a slight increased cancer risk. Previously, we showed that equilenin, a minor component of Premarin (Wyeth-Ayerst), was metabolized to highly cytotoxic quinoids which caused oxidative stress and alkylation of DNA in vitro [Bolton, J. L., Pisha, E., Zhang, F., and Qiu, S. (1998) Chem. Res. Toxicol. 11, 1113-1127]. In this study, we have compared the chemistry of the major catechol metabolite of equilin (4-hydroxyequilin), which is found in several estrogen replacement formulations, to the equilenin catechol (4-hydroxyequilenin). Unlike endogenous catechol estrogens, both equilin and equilenin were primarily converted by rat liver microsomes to 4-hydroxylated rather than 2-hydroxylated o-quinone GSH conjugates. With equilin, a small amount of 2-hydroxyequilin GSH quinoids were detected (4-hydroxyequilin:2-hydroxyequilin ratio of 6:1); however, no peaks corresponding to 2-hydroxyequilenin were observed in incubations with equilenin. These data suggest that unsaturation in the B ring alters the regiochemistry of P450-catalyzed hydroxylation from primarily 2-hydroxylation for endogenous estrogens to 4-hydroxylation for equine estrogens. 4-Hydroxyequilenin-o-quinone reacts with GSH to give two mono-GSH conjugates and one di-adduct. The behavior of 4-hydroxyequilin was found to be more complex than 4-hydroxyequilenin as conjugates resulting from 4-hydroxyequilenin were detected in addition to the 4-hydroxyequilin-GSH adducts. The mechanism of decomposition of 4-hydroxyequilin likely involves isomerization to a quinone methide which readily aromatizes to 4-hydroxyequilenin followed by autoxidation to 4-hydroxyequilenin-o-quinone. Similar results were obtained with 2-hydroxyequilin, although, in contrast to 4-hydroxyequilenin, 2-hydroxyequilenin does not autoxidize and the reaction stops at the catechol. Since 4-hydroxyequilin is converted to 4-hydroxyequilenin and 4-hydroxyequilenin-o-quinone, similar effects were observed for this equine catechol, including consumption of NAD(P)H likely by the 4-hydroxyequilenin-o-quinone, depletion of molecular oxygen by 4-hydroxyequilenin or its semiquinone radical, and alkylation of deoxynucleosides and DNA by 4-hydroxyequilenin quinoids. Finally, preliminary studies conducted with the human breast tumor cell line MCF-7 demonstrated that the cytotoxic effects of the catechol estrogens from estrone, equilin, and 2-hydroxyequilenin were similar, whereas 4-hydroxyequilenin was a much more potent cytotoxin ( approximately 30-fold). These results suggest that the catechol metabolites of equine estrogens have the ability to cause alkylation/redox damage in vivo primarily through formation of 4-hydroxyequilenin quinoids.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Chemical Research in Toxicology"}}},"pageStart":"204","pageEnd":"213","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1021/tx980217v","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40971692"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1021/tx980217v"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10027800"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40971692"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-prevalence-of-polycystic-ovaries-in-healthy-women-rec8c5qmjveld3fq1/","name":"The prevalence of polycystic ovaries in healthy women","headline":"The prevalence of polycystic ovaries in healthy women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-prevalence-of-polycystic-ovaries-in-healthy-women-rec8c5qmjveld3fq1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Riitta Koivunen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oulu University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045ney286"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tomás C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Huhtaniemi I"},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Laatikainen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6614-4782","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Helsinki University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02e8hzf44"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hannu Martikainen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3821-4096","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oulu University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045ney286"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Juha Tapanainen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3139-9128","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040af2s02"}}],"datePublished":"1999-02-19","abstract":"BACKGROUND: To study the prevalence of polycystic ovaries (PCO) in women of reproductive age.\n\nMETHODS: A total of 189 healthy volunteers aged 20-45 years were examined. The subjects were divided into two groups according to age: < or =35 and > or =36 years. Transvaginal ultrasonography was performed and blood samples were collected on cycle day 1-6.\n\nRESULTS: The prevalence of PCO in the entire study population was 14.2% (27/189). In the age group of < or =35 years the prevalence was 21.6% (19/88) and in the age group of > or =36 years 7.8% (8/101). Compared to women with normal ovaries, those with PCO had significantly higher serum testosterone (T) concentrations. Women with PCO tended to have lower serum FSH concentrations and higher LH/FSH ratios than controls. Women with PCO had significantly more irregular cycles (44% vs. 19%, p=0.001) and problems in conceiving (25.9% vs. 9.2%, p=0.01) than women with normal ovaries.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: The findings demonstrate that the prevalence of PCO in healthy women varies with age, being more common among women aged < or =35 years than in those aged > or =36 years. Although the hormonal parameters and clinical findings among women with PCO mimicked those of PCOS, it remains unclear if these women will later develop full-blown syndrome.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"78","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica"}}},"pageStart":"137","pageEnd":"141","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-therapeutic-mcdonald-cerclage-on-cervical-length-as-assessed-by-tr-recqnpy6qx8l3x7ps/","name":"The effect of therapeutic McDonald cerclage on cervical length as assessed by transvaginal ultrasonography","headline":"The effect of therapeutic McDonald cerclage on cervical length as assessed by transvaginal ultrasonography","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-therapeutic-mcdonald-cerclage-on-cervical-length-as-assessed-by-tr-recqnpy6qx8l3x7ps/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sietske Althuisius","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008xxew50"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gustaaf Dekker","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7362-6683","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008xxew50"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Hummel","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008xxew50"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H P van Geijn","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008xxew50"}}],"datePublished":"1999-02-13","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to study the effect of therapeutic McDonald cerclage on cervical length with the use of transvaginal ultrasonography.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: Cervical length was measured serially in singleton pregnancies in which there were doubts regarding cervical competence. When shortening of the cervix was substantial before 27 weeks' gestation a McDonald cerclage was applied. Wilcoxon signed rank test was used, and 1-tailed P <.05 was considered significant.\n\nRESULTS: In the 34 pregnancies studied, the mean cervical length measured at a mean gestational age of 14 weeks had decreased significantly (P <.0001) from 42 mm (95% confidence interval 38-47) to 21 mm (95% confidence interval 19-23) at a mean gestational age of 20 weeks 5 days, when a cerclage was applied. After the cerclage the mean cervical length increased significantly (P <.0001) to 34 mm (95% confidence interval 30-38) at a mean gestational age of 22 weeks 1 day (95% confidence interval 21 weeks 1 day-23 weeks 2 days).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Therapeutic McDonald cerclage results in a longer cervical length as measured by transvaginal ultrasonography.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"180","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2 Pt 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"366","pageEnd":"369","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9378(99)70215-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q78168560"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0002-9378(99)70215-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9988802"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q78168560"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/do-hyperandrogenic-women-with-normal-menses-have-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-recwwbk6fhwnh02su/","name":"Do hyperandrogenic women with normal menses have polycystic ovary syndrome?","headline":"Do hyperandrogenic women with normal menses have polycystic ovary syndrome?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/do-hyperandrogenic-women-with-normal-menses-have-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-recwwbk6fhwnh02su/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E Carmina","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1546-5081","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R A Lobo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1472-8313","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University"}}],"datePublished":"1999-02-13","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) among hyperandrogenic women who report normal menses.\n\nDESIGN: Prospective observational study.\n\nSETTING: Academic practice in reproductive endocrinology.\n\nPATIENT(S): Fifty-eight consecutively seen new patients with hyperandrogenism who reported normal menses.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Ovulatory status was assessed with timed serum progesterone measurements. The following tests also were carried out: vaginal ultrasound examination; measurement of the ovarian response of 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) after the administration of leuprolide acetate, 1 mg SC; and determination of fasting serum LH, FSH, E2, 17-OHP, insulin, and androgen levels.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Determination of ovulatory status, polycystic appearance of ovaries, and increased response of 17-OHP to leuprolide acetate.\n\nRESULT(S): Twelve (20.7%) of the hyperandrogenic women were anovulatory and met the usual criteria for the diagnosis of PCOS. The ovulatory patients had lower serum total and unbound testosterone levels. Thirty-one (53.4%) of the ovulatory women had polycystic ovaries on ultrasound examination and/or an increased 17-OHP response to leuprolide acetate, suggesting the diagnosis of PCOS despite the presence of ovulation. Considering both the anovulatory and ovulatory patients, 74% of the hyperandrogenic women studied could have PCOS.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): The data suggest that most (74%) hyperandrogenic women who report normal menses have evidence for the diagnosis of PCOS.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"71","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"319","pageEnd":"322","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(98)00455-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51565215"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(98)00455-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9988405"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q51565215"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relationship-between-endometriosis-and-ovarian-cancer-reczhbnxfhikauliq/","name":"Relationship between endometriosis and ovarian cancer","headline":"Relationship between endometriosis and ovarian cancer","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relationship-between-endometriosis-and-ovarian-cancer-reczhbnxfhikauliq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kovacic J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Erzen M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9923-0783"}],"datePublished":"1999-02-12","abstract":"PURPOSE: To investigate the occurrence of ovarian cancer (OC) arising in ovarian endometriosis (OE) diagnosed in our laboratory, and the relation of the disease to patient age.\n\nMETHODS: Histopathological reports were reviewed in cases of endometriosis and ovarian cancer diagnosed between 1982 and 1989 and in 1997. The occurrence of OE and OC was studied in relation to patient age.\n\nRESULTS: Of the 796 OE cases, 36 (4.5%) ovarian cancers were found in the eight-year period, and of the 216 OC cases 36 (16.7%) were associated with OE; 12 patients (1.7%) were under 50 years old and 24 (22.9%) were over 50. In 1997 there were 168 cases of OE, and 4 cases were associated with OC. Of the 60 OC cases 4 cases arose in endometriosis. Two patients were over 50 and two under 50.\n\nCONCLUSION: In our report the occurrence of OC arising in OE was most influenced by patient age, the extent of sampling and the consistency of histologic reports about the presence of endometriosis in ovarian adenocarcinoma.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European Journal of Gynaecological Oncology"}}},"pageStart":"553","pageEnd":"555","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cesarean-section-scar-as-a-cause-of-abnormal-vaginal-bleeding-diagnosis-by-sonoh-recttzu8t39vo4eer/","name":"Cesarean section scar as a cause of abnormal vaginal bleeding: diagnosis by  sonohysterography","headline":"Cesarean section scar as a cause of abnormal vaginal bleeding: diagnosis by  sonohysterography","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cesarean-section-scar-as-a-cause-of-abnormal-vaginal-bleeding-diagnosis-by-sonoh-recttzu8t39vo4eer/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"W J Harvey","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3954-2558","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Legacy Meridian Park Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05kwbcj56"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S A Smith","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Legacy Meridian Park Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05kwbcj56"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Smith S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0644-3377"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A S Thurmond","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Legacy Meridian Park Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05kwbcj56"}}],"datePublished":"1999-02-10","abstract":"A previously undescribed cause of abnormal uterine bleeding is presented. Nine of 310 women evaluated by sonohysterography for abnormal bleeding demonstrated an 8 to 17 mm gap in the anterior lower uterine segment myometrium at the site of prior cesarean deliveries. All women were premenopausal and had a history of 2 to 12 days of postmenstrual spotting. Presumably a lack of coordinated muscular contractions occurs around the cesarean scar, allowing the defect to collect menstrual debris. Subsequently, the debris leaches out through the cervix for several days after the majority of menstrual flow has ceased.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine : Official Journal of the American Institute of  Ultrasound in Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"13","pageEnd":"18","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.7863/jum.1999.18.1.13","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61836944"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.7863/jum.1999.18.1.13"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9952074"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q61836944"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/indecent-proposal-5000-is-not-reasonable-compensation-for-oocyte-donors-recf6i80mzqwx98kd/","name":"Indecent proposal: $5,000 is not \"reasonable compensation\" for oocyte donors","headline":"Indecent proposal: $5,000 is not \"reasonable compensation\" for oocyte donors","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/indecent-proposal-5000-is-not-reasonable-compensation-for-oocyte-donors-recf6i80mzqwx98kd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M V Sauer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8173-6340","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172"}}],"datePublished":"1999-02-06","abstract":"There is a growing threat to the practice of oocyte donation in the United States and all of us should take careful notice. This threat is posed by the escalating fees paid to young women for providing these services. I was shocked by the decision of St. Barnabas Medical Center in Livingston, New Jersey to double the compensation from the community standard of $2,500 to a startling $5,000 per cycle. These new fees were aggressively advertised throughout New Jersey and Manhattan in strategic periodicals, newspapers, and magazines. I was even more dismayed to see physicians and “ethicists” justifying the increase to the media (1) stating “there is nothing inherently wrong with bidding for human eggs.”\nFor years, I have advocated compensation to oocyte donors based upon time, effort, and risk of involvement. I have addressed this topic at speaking engagements and in position papers, typically defending the belief that physicians are capable of responsible restraint (2, 3). However, I have been increasingly concerned over the encroachment upon the traditional practice by both commercial enterprises and physician-led groups who have inflated the cost of donor compensation 500% in the past decade.\nIn most countries it is illegal to provide any compensation for oocyte donors. Many believe payment is inappropriate and many more agree that excessive compensation is ethically unacceptable, since it potentially exploits or even coerces young women to participate. Even if one considers the time spent traveling to the local office and waiting for an ultrasound exam to be “work,” donors now will be earning in excess of $300 per hour. I find it hard to believe that anyone thinks this “reasonable compensation” according to the recommendations of the Ethics Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine (4).\nIf we are truly not guilty of “pimping for patients” (5) and if donors are not “selling eggs,” then we cannot justify another doubling of the compensation. I believe this is a flagrant violation of the Ethical Considerations of Assisted Reproductive Technologies issued in 1994 (4). What is most disappointing is that this violation comes from a highly respected group led by physicians held in esteem within our subspecialty, who stated in The New York Times “I’m not sure $5,000 is enough.” (1) I would ask them, “How much is enough?” Where does this stop and at what price to our patients and our profession? Inevitably, all of us will be forced to raise our compensation rates to meet this challenge. Most importantly, and most unfortunately, these expenses will have to be passed on directly to our patients, who are already spending considerable sums of money to seek this procedure.\nI have always opposed government regulation and intervention, and I have often taken a public stand in defending our right to administer our own practices. However, for the first time in my career I am rethinking my position. If physicians are forced to drastically modify their practices to keep pace with commercial ventures or to compete with doctors whose modus operandi is “what the market will bear,” an approach to medicine so flagrantly greedy as to threaten the existence of the field, then I do believe it is time for regulation. These are truly sad events, and if we stand by and allow these changes to become standard operating procedure then we as professionals deserve the public criticism that will inevitably follow.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"71","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"7","pageEnd":"10","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(98)00428-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48924137"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(98)00428-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9935108"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q48924137"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-opioid-blockade-on-insulin-and-growth-hormone-gh-secretion-in-patients-rech3qh08gx3reqkm/","name":"Effect of opioid blockade on insulin and growth hormone (GH) secretion in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: the heterogeneity of impaired GH secretion is related to both obesity and hyperinsulinism","headline":"Effect of opioid blockade on insulin and growth hormone (GH) secretion in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: the heterogeneity of impaired GH secretion is related to both obesity and hyperinsulinism","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-opioid-blockade-on-insulin-and-growth-hormone-gh-secretion-in-patients-rech3qh08gx3reqkm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"P Villa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5116-7400","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Mancini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4862-1944","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L De Marinis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9916-0669","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Maria Fulghesu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8116-3968","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonio Lanzone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4119-414X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oasi Maria SS","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dqmaq38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Mancuso","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1752-3986","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"V Pavone","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Valle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1464-5068","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}}],"datePublished":"1999-02-06","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To investigate the involvement of opioid tone, obesity, and hyperinsulinemia in GH secretion in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).\n\nDESIGN: Controlled clinical study.\n\nSETTING: Catholic University of Sacred Heart School of Medicine in Rome, Italy.\n\nPATIENT(S): Twenty-two patients with PCOS and 14 healthy, normally ovulating volunteers, matched for age and body mass index.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Patients underwent a GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) test and an oral glucose tolerance test before and after 4-5 weeks of treatment with 50 mg/d of naltrexone.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Serum concentrations of GH, insulin, glucose, steroids, and gonadotropins, as well as the GH area under the curve (AUC-GH) and the insulin area under the curve (AUC-I), were measured before and after naltrexone treatment.\n\nRESULT(S): In patients with PCOS, the administration of naltrexone increased the GH response to the GHRH test without interfering with the insulin response to the oral glucose tolerance test. However, the GH response to the GHRH test was improved significantly only in lean patients with PCOS, whereas obese patients with PCOS did not show any improvement in GH secretion. In obese control subjects, the treatment reduced plasma basal insulin concentrations and increased the AUC-GH, whereas in lean control subjects, the treatment reduced the GHRH-induced response. In normoinsulinemic patients with PCOS, the GH response to the GHRH test increased significantly after treatment, whereas the AUC-I was not affected. In hyperinsulinemic patients with PCOS, treatment with naltrexone significantly reduced the AUC-I, whereas the AUC-GH increased only in lean hyperinsulinemic patients with PCOS.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Naltrexone treatment improves GHRH-induced GH secretion in patients with PCOS. However, this GH response is heterogeneously represented in relation to both obesity and hyperinsulinism.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"71","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"115","pageEnd":"121","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(98)00405-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42467587"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(98)00405-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9935127"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q42467587"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/grief-depression-and-coping-in-women-undergoing-infertility-treatment-rec1kchfp8bgw40je/","name":"Grief, depression, and coping in women undergoing infertility treatment","headline":"Grief, depression, and coping in women undergoing infertility treatment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/grief-depression-and-coping-in-women-undergoing-infertility-treatment-rec1kchfp8bgw40je/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M Lukse"},{"@type":"Person","name":"N A Vacc"}],"datePublished":"1999-02-05","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To identify the levels of grief and depression and the coping mechanisms of women with infertility problems who participated in in vitro fertilization (IVF) or ovulation-induction medication.\n\nMETHODS: Pretest and post-test data were obtained from 50 IVF and 50 ovulation-induction medication patients receiving treatment at two urban infertility centers.\n\nRESULTS: Both groups of women experienced measurable levels of grief and depression before, during, and after treatment. Higher scores on the Grief Experience Inventory were found for both groups of women when pregnancy did not occur. Age, reproductive problems, years infertile, financial impact, and number of past IVF cycles were not found to influence the reported grief or depression levels. Women in the IVF and ovulation-induction medication groups used isolation coping behaviors such as self-talk and sleep.\n\nCONCLUSION: Because of moderate to high levels of grief and depression, therapeutic counseling may be more effective if initiated before the infertility treatment. Women's present levels of distress and coping strategies should be assessed prior to initiating infertility treatment to provide the patients with opportunities to learn and practice new adaptive behaviors that could enhance their ability to cope with infertility and the associated medical procedures.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"93","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"245","pageEnd":"251","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(98)00432-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39485809"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0029-7844(98)00432-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9932564"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39485809"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/female-infertility-recaphns1s0mprlku/","name":"Female infertility","headline":"Female infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/female-infertility-recaphns1s0mprlku/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M.G.R. Hull","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Michael's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02hqqna27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D J Cahill","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5436-8984"}],"datePublished":"1999-01-29","abstract":"This article has provided outcome-based evidence using easily understood graphic representation of cumulative pregnancy rates whenever possible for the methods used to investigate and treat female infertility. A scheme of basic routine investigations in specialist practice is developed and clear guidance provided on the choice of treatment for each couple.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"27","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America"}}},"pageStart":"851","pageEnd":"876","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0889-8529(05)70044-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77919870"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0889-8529(05)70044-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9922911"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q77919870"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovarian-cancer-in-infertility-patients-recq3pvg2twmar2br/","name":"Ovarian cancer in infertility patients","headline":"Ovarian cancer in infertility patients","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovarian-cancer-in-infertility-patients-recq3pvg2twmar2br/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"L Burmeister","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Monash University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Healy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5013-0477","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Monash University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286"}}],"datePublished":"1999-01-27","abstract":"The possibility that ovulation induction increases the risk of ovarian cancer remains unproven. However, recent studies suggest that both infertility and endometriosis may be independent risk factors. Despite the various case reports and epidemiological studies performed the association between the use of infertility drugs and ovarian cancer remains weak. The fact that the women who were the first to use ovulation agents are now reaching mid-life means that future studies should show whether any association exists. Hence, there is a need now for large prospective trials to be performed to establish whether an association between ovulation induction agents and ovarian cancer truly exists.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"30","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Annals of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"525","pageEnd":"528","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3109/07853899809002599","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40827239"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3109/07853899809002599"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9920353"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40827239"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/randomized-controlled-trial-of-depot-leuprolide-in-patients-with-chronic-pelvic--rec5e3debdjnlhiej/","name":"Randomized controlled trial of depot leuprolide in patients with chronic pelvic pain and clinically suspected endometriosis. Pelvic Pain Study Group","headline":"Randomized controlled trial of depot leuprolide in patients with chronic pelvic pain and clinically suspected endometriosis. Pelvic Pain Study Group","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/randomized-controlled-trial-of-depot-leuprolide-in-patients-with-chronic-pelvic--rec5e3debdjnlhiej/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"F Ling"}],"datePublished":"1999-01-23","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare the safety and efficacy of leuprolide versus placebo in managing chronic pelvic pain in women with clinically suspected endometriosis.\n\nMETHODS: Women 18-45 years of age with moderate to severe pelvic pain of at least 6 months' duration underwent extensive, noninvasive diagnostic testing and laboratory evaluation, including pelvic ultrasound, complete blood count, determination of erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and endocervical cultures. Those with clinically suspected endometriosis were randomized to double-blind treatment for 3 months with depot leuprolide (3.75 mg/mo) or placebo. The accuracy of the clinical diagnosis of endometriosis was evaluated by posttreatment laparoscopy.\n\nRESULTS: Of 100 women randomized, 95 completed the study: 49 in the leuprolide group and 46 in the placebo group. Women in the leuprolide group had clinically and statistically significant (P < or = .001) mean improvements from baseline after 12 weeks of therapy in all pain measures. These mean improvements were significantly greater (P < or = .001) than those in the placebo group. At 12 weeks, mean decreases in physician-rated scores for dysmenorrhea, pelvic pain, and pelvic tenderness were 1.7, 1.0, and 0.8 points greater, respectively, in the leuprolide group than in the placebo group (on a four-point scale). Thirty-eight (78%) of 49 and 40 (87%) of 46 patients in the leuprolide and placebo groups, respectively, had laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis after 12 weeks of treatment. No women withdrew from the study because of adverse events.\n\nCONCLUSION: Depot leuprolide was effective and safe for treating patients with chronic pelvic pain and clinically suspected endometriosis, confirming the potential of its empiric use in these patients.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"93","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"51","pageEnd":"58","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(98)00341-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52226459"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0029-7844(98)00341-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9916956"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q52226459"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-of-venous-thrombosis-with-use-of-current-low-dose-oral-contraceptives-is-no-recwump0gu0nvueeo/","name":"Risk of venous thrombosis with use of current low-dose oral contraceptives is not  explained by diagnostic suspicion and referral bias","headline":"Risk of venous thrombosis with use of current low-dose oral contraceptives is not  explained by diagnostic suspicion and referral bias","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-of-venous-thrombosis-with-use-of-current-low-dose-oral-contraceptives-is-no-recwump0gu0nvueeo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kitty W M Bloemenkamp","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1377-4625","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, Thrombosis and Hemostasis Research Centre, University Hospital Leiden, The Netherlands."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F R Rosendaal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2558-7496","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Leiden University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xvt9f17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Vandenbroucke","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5668-6716","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Leiden University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xvt9f17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Harry R. Büller"},{"@type":"Person","name":"L P Colly"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Frans M Helmerhorst","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Leiden University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xvt9f17"}}],"datePublished":"1999-01-19","abstract":"Background: The magnitude of the relative risk of venous thrombosis caused by low-dose oral contraceptive use is still debated because previous studies might have been affected by diagnostic suspicion and referral bias.\n\nMethods: We conducted a case-control study in which the effect of diagnostic suspicion and referral bias was excluded. The study was performed in 2 diagnostic centers to which patients with clinically suspected deep vein thrombosis of the leg were referred. History of oral contraceptive use was obtained before objective testing for thrombosis. Young females with an objective diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis were considered case patients, and those who were referred with the same clinical suspicion but who had no thrombosis served as control subjects. Participants were seen between September 1, 1982, and October 18, 1995: 185 consecutive patients and 591 controls aged 15 to 49 years with a first episode of venous thrombosis and without malignant neoplasms, pregnancy, or known inherited clotting defects.\n\nResults: The overall odds ratio for oral contraceptive use was 3.2 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.3-4.5); after adjustment for age, family history of venous thrombosis, calendar time, and center, the odds ratio was 3.9 (95% CI, 2.6-5.7). In the idiopathic group (120 patients and 413 controls, excluding recent surgery, trauma, or immobilization), the odds ratio for oral contraceptive use was 3.8 (95% CI, 2.5-5.9); after adjustment, the odds ratio was 5.0 (95% CI, 3.1-8.2).\n\nConclusions: In this study, in which patients and controls were subj ect to the same referral and diagnostic procedures, we found similar relative risk estimates for oral contraceptive use as in previous studies. We conclude that diagnostic suspicion and referral bias did not play an important role in previous studies and that the risk of venous thrombosis with use of current brands of oral contraceptives still exists.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"159","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Archives of Internal Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"65","pageEnd":"70","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.159.1.65","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38501123"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/archinte.159.1.65"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9892332"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38501123"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-influence-of-oral-contraceptives-on-the-risk-of-multiple-sclerosis-reczivaye5v6slhgl/","name":"The influence of oral contraceptives on the risk of multiple sclerosis","headline":"The influence of oral contraceptives on the risk of multiple sclerosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-influence-of-oral-contraceptives-on-the-risk-of-multiple-sclerosis-reczivaye5v6slhgl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thorogood, M."},{"@type":"Person","name":"Philip C Hannaford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2588-1006","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Forest Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03wcc3744"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Thorogood","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00a0jsq62"}}],"datePublished":"1999-01-12","abstract":"Objective: To examine the risk of multiple sclerosis in users of combined oral contraceptives.\nDesign: Cohort study conducted between 1968 and 1996 using diagnostic data supplied by general practitioners Setting: General practices throughout the United Kingdom.\n\nPOPULATION: Royal College of General Practitioners' Oral Contraception Study cohort of initially 46,000 women recruited during the late 1960s.\n\nMethods: Directly standardised incidence rates of multiple sclerosis were calculated for current, former and never-users of oral contraceptives using first ever cases of multiple sclerosis reported by the general practitioners. The standardisation variables were age, parity, social class and smoking history. Five-year survival rates in the different contraceptive groups were calculated using standard life table techniques.\n\nResults: One hundred and fourteen first ever cases of multiple sclerosis had been reported by November 1996 during 564,000 woman-years of observation. The incidence rate in both current and former users was not materially different to that in never-users. Although based on limited evidence there was no suggestion that the five-year survival was affected by a woman's use of combined oral contraceptives.\n\nConclusions: These findings do not suggest a greatly elevated risk of multiple sclerosis during, or after, use of combined oral contraceptives.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"105","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"1296","pageEnd":"1299","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1998.tb10008.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39523054"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1471-0528.1998.tb10008.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9883921"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39523054"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-picture-dictionary-of-the-creighton-model-fertilitycaretm-system-recrm87xjkg6yytnx/","name":"The Picture Dictionary of the CREIGHTON MODEL FertilityCareTM System","headline":"The Picture Dictionary of the CREIGHTON MODEL FertilityCareTM System","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-picture-dictionary-of-the-creighton-model-fertilitycaretm-system-recrm87xjkg6yytnx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Prebil AM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hilgers SK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Diane Daly","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4526-9869","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint John's Mercy Medical Center"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1999-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-1998-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-1998-cmp5wcty/","name":"DIR Jahrbuch 1998 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 1998)","headline":"DIR Jahrbuch 1998 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 1998)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-1998-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-1998-cmp5wcty/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register e.V."}],"datePublished":"1999-01-01","abstract":"Annual report (Jahrbuch) of the Deutsches IVF-Register (DIR) for treatment year 1998. DIR is the German national IVF/ICSI registry, founded 1982 — the oldest continuously operating ART registry. Voluntary professional-society database with high de-facto coverage of German fertility centres. Reports cycles, transfers, pregnancies and clinical outcomes by treatment type (IVF, ICSI, frozen embryo transfer, donor). German-language registry document. Used as a Phase B historical-archive source for the ART Registry Comparison study (cross-registry classification by reporting completeness on 7 framework dimensions).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register Jahrbuch"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/steroid-hormones-metabolism-and-mechanism-of-action-in-reproductive-endocrinolog-recoqqpah34zoyzvl/","name":"Steroid Hormones: Metabolism and Mechanism of Action in Reproductive Endocrinology: Physiology, Pathophysiology, and Clinical Management, 4th Ed","headline":"Steroid Hormones: Metabolism and Mechanism of Action in Reproductive Endocrinology: Physiology, Pathophysiology, and Clinical Management, 4th Ed","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/steroid-hormones-metabolism-and-mechanism-of-action-in-reproductive-endocrinolog-recoqqpah34zoyzvl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bert W. O’Malley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3332-1399","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vqm6w82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B W O'Malley"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C A Strott","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}}],"datePublished":"1999-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/babies-from-thawed-ovarian-tissue-by-2009-experts-rech5bpopn8tty2nf/","name":"Babies from Thawed Ovarian Tissue by 2009 – Experts","headline":"Babies from Thawed Ovarian Tissue by 2009 – Experts","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/babies-from-thawed-ovarian-tissue-by-2009-experts-rech5bpopn8tty2nf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Reuters"}],"datePublished":"1999-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-infertile-couple-in-kistners-gynecology-and-womens-health-7th-edition-recegmedwhefo2b0e/","name":"The Infertile Couple in Kistner's Gynecology and Women's Health, 7th Edition","headline":"The Infertile Couple in Kistner's Gynecology and Women's Health, 7th Edition","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-infertile-couple-in-kistners-gynecology-and-womens-health-7th-edition-recegmedwhefo2b0e/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rein MS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Barbieri RL"}],"datePublished":"1999-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-canadian-multicentre-osteoporosis-study-camos-background-rationale-methods-recnjrf7uh541w46u/","name":"Research Notes: The Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos): Background, Rationale, Methods","headline":"Research Notes: The Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos): Background, Rationale, Methods","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-canadian-multicentre-osteoporosis-study-camos-background-rationale-methods-recnjrf7uh541w46u/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Nancy Kreiger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alan Tenenhouse","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"MD Mackenzie"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tom Mackenzie"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Poliquin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Coordinating Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fzvsb30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacques Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8155-677X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of MedicineLaval UniversityQuebec CityQCCanada"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R S Rittmaster","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1406-4251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lawrence Joseph","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3321-0587","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}}],"datePublished":"1999-01-01","abstract":"Relatively little is known about the factors in Canada which lead to osteoporosis and its concomitant fractures. The Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos) is a prospective cohort study which will estimate the incidence and prevalence of declining bone mass and fractures. The impact of osteoporosis in Canada will be assessed, including regional variation and the effect of various risk factors. The study will provide information for developing prevention programs. The cohort has been drawn from a random population-based sample of non-institutionalized men and women 25 years old or more and living within 50 km. of nine cities in Canada. Through telephone interviews 9,423 participants have been recruited. All answered an extensive questionnaire, and had physical measurements related to bone quality taken. This paper details the CaMos baseline and five-year follow-up protocol.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Canadian journal on aging = La revue canadienne du vieillissement"}}},"pageStart":"376","pageEnd":"387","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0714980800009934","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1017/S0714980800009934"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gonadotropic-hormones-biosynthesis-secretion-receptors-and-action-in-yen-ssc-jaf-kmb3s1pg/","name":"Gonadotropic Hormones: Biosynthesis, Secretion, Receptors and Action. In: Yen SSC, Jaffe RB, Barbieri RL, (Eds): Reproductive","headline":"Gonadotropic Hormones: Biosynthesis, Secretion, Receptors and Action. In: Yen SSC, Jaffe RB, Barbieri RL, (Eds): Reproductive","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gonadotropic-hormones-biosynthesis-secretion-receptors-and-action-in-yen-ssc-jaf-kmb3s1pg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Halvorson LM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chin WW"}],"datePublished":"1999-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Endocrinology"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/embryocidal-effects-of-contemporary-contraceptives-a-review-rec80rycdkoldchqq/","name":"Embryocidal Effects of Contemporary Contraceptives: A Review","headline":"Embryocidal Effects of Contemporary Contraceptives: A Review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/embryocidal-effects-of-contemporary-contraceptives-a-review-rec80rycdkoldchqq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"AAPLOG"}],"datePublished":"1999-01-01","abstract":"The mechanism of action of contraceptive drugs and devices forms an essential part of informed consent for patients considering various methods of family planning. Currently the literature is confusing at best, in part due to non-uniform definitions of basic terms, as well as the misinterpretation of endpoints of current. AAPLOG members take different positions on the issue of contraception per se. The purpose of this document is to investigate and summarize the current evidence-based concerns regarding potential embryocidal mechanisms of action of modern contraceptive drugs and devices.\nThere are three reasons for concern about embryos conceived during the use of a particular contraceptive drug or device:\n1. 1) All contraceptive drugs and devices “fail” at a certain rate. As noted in a recent paper, “Unintended pregnancies occur with all contraceptive methods, including IUDs. This provides incontrovertible evidence that fertilization and implantation can occur, albeit rarely, with modern methods of contraception.”1\n2. 2) Since pregnancies can and do occur during the use of all contraceptive drugs and devices, then we know by definition that fertilization, which marks the beginning of an embryonic human organism, can and does happen with all contraceptive drugs and devices since by definition, an embryo must be created for pregnancy to occur. That means embryos are created at a certain rate with all contraceptive drugs or devices.\n3. 3) The contraceptive drug or device will create a certain environment for the embryos created during their use. This environment may adversely affect embryo survival up to the point of yielding a positive pregnancy test at the end of the cycle (the contraceptive efficacy end point).\nThe remainder of this article will try to summarize what is known in the published medical literature about the environment facing an embryo who has been created during the use of various kinds of contraceptive drugs or devices.","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/long-term-experience-with-oral-micronized-progesterone-and-effects-on-the-endome-rec1pnjkkvl7wj65k/","name":"Oral micronized progesterone","headline":"Oral micronized progesterone","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/long-term-experience-with-oral-micronized-progesterone-and-effects-on-the-endome-rec1pnjkkvl7wj65k/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Driguez PD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bruno de Lignières","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05tr67282"}}],"datePublished":"1999-01-01","abstract":"This review sought to examine the rationale for selecting an oral micronized progesterone formulation rather than a synthetic progestin for some of the main indications for progestogens. Unopposed estrogen use is associated with a high risk (relative risk, 2.1 to 5.7) of endometrial hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma, and it has been understood for some time that a progestogen must be added for at least 10 to 14 days per month to prevent these effects. However, the most commonly used synthetic progestins, norethisterone and medroxyprogesterone acetate, have been associated with metabolic and vascular side effects (eg, suppression of the vasodilating effect of estrogens) in both experimental and human controlled studies. All comparative studies to date conclude that the side effects of synthetic progestins can be minimized or eliminated through the use of natural progesterone, which is identical to the steroid produced by the corpus luteum. The inconvenience associated with the use of injectable, rectal, or vaginal formulations of natural progesterone can be circumvented by using orally administered micronized progesterone. The bioavailability of micronized progesterone is similar to that of other natural steroids, and interindividual and intraindividual variability of area under the curve is similar to that seen with synthetic progestins. A clear dose-ranging effect has been demonstrated, and long-term protection of the endometrium has been established. Micronized progesterone has been used widely in Europe since 1980 at dosages ranging from 300 mg/d (taken at bedtime) 10 days a month for women wishing regular monthly bleeding to 200 mg 14 days a month or 100 mg 25 days a month for women willing to remain amenorrheic. This therapy is well tolerated, with the only specific side effect being mild and transient drowsiness, an effect minimized by taking the drug at bedtime. The prospective, comparative Postmenopausal Estrogens/Progestin Intervention trial has recommended oral micronized progesterone as the first choice for opposing estrogen therapy in nonhysterectomized postmenopausal women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical therapeutics"}}},"pageStart":"41","pageEnd":"2","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/S0149-2918(00)88267-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33544590"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/S0149-2918(00)88267-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10090424"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33544590"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-factors-associated-with-preterm-370-weeks-and-early-preterm-birth-320-weeks-rect6zx8kortf0ufl/","name":"Risk factors associated with preterm (<37+0 weeks) and early preterm birth (<32+0 weeks): univariate and multivariate analysis of 106 345 singleton births from the 1994 statewide perinatal survey of Bavaria","headline":"Risk factors associated with preterm (<37+0 weeks) and early preterm birth (<32+0 weeks): univariate and multivariate analysis of 106 345 singleton births from the 1994 statewide perinatal survey of Bavaria","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-factors-associated-with-preterm-370-weeks-and-early-preterm-birth-320-weeks-rect6zx8kortf0ufl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J. Martius","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Würzburg","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fbnyb24"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M K Oehler","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2651-5913","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K. -H. Wulf","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Würzburg","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fbnyb24"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Steck","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Würzburg","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fbnyb24"}}],"datePublished":"1998-12-10","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: The study was conducted to identify medical, obstetrical and social risk factors associated with early preterm births (<32+0 gestational weeks).\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: The Statewide Perinatal Survey of Bavaria is a collection of perinatal data from all Bavarian maternity units using a uniform numbered questionnaire. Data on 106345 singleton births from the 1994 Survey were analysed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis.\n\nRESULTS: In the multivariate analysis, early preterm birth was associated with premature rupture of the membranes (odds ratio (OR) 1.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.37-1.86), treatment for infertility (OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.19-2.34), previous induced abortion (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.57-2.13), maternal age >35 years (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.47-2.16), premature cervical dilatation (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.86-2.94), a history of stillbirth (OR 3.2, 95% CI 2.13-4.83), a history of preterm birth (OR 3.3, 95% CI 2.45-4.48), maternal age <18 years (OR 3.4, 95% CI 2.03-5.61), malpresentation (OR 3.9, 95% CI 3.10-4.93), preeclampsia (OR 4.0, 95% CI 3.20-4.94), uterine bleeding (OR 5.0, 95% CI 4.08-6.02), preterm labour (OR 7.0, 95% CI 5.94-8.22), and chorioamnionitis (OR 22.3, 95% CI 17.40-28.66).\n\nCONCLUSION: These data identify a subgroup of women at an increased risk for early preterm birth and may benefit from an intensified prenatal care. Risk factors related to the obstetrical history, genital infections, preeclampsia and maternal age are the most relevant for early preterm birth.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"80","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology"}}},"pageStart":"183","pageEnd":"189","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0301-2115(98)00130-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34482822"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0301-2115(98)00130-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9846665"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34482822"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/intrauterine-infections-i-the-role-of-c-reactive-protein-white-blood-cell-count--recnztbqw8mtkgdkb/","name":"[Intrauterine infections. I. The role of C-reactive protein, white blood cell count and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in pregnant women in the detection of intrauterine infection after preliminary rupture of membranes]","headline":"[Intrauterine infections. I. The role of C-reactive protein, white blood cell count and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in pregnant women in the detection of intrauterine infection after preliminary rupture of membranes]","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/intrauterine-infections-i-the-role-of-c-reactive-protein-white-blood-cell-count--recnztbqw8mtkgdkb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Oszukowski P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Szpakowski M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Malinowski A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maciołek-Blewniewska G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nowak M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5565-1829"}],"datePublished":"1998-11-14","abstract":"The purpose of our study was to analyze the efficacy of serum C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cell count (WBC) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) serial evaluations in the prediction of chorioamnionitis in cases of premature rupture of membranes (PROM). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A group of 80 patients with PROM before 35 weeks' gestation were evaluated prospectively and managed expectantly. We applied the expectant management with the permanent use of tocolysis, antibiotics, steroids, amnioinfusions of artificial amniotic fluid and intravaginal chemotherapeutics. Patients were monitored with frequent vital signs, fetal heart rate evaluation and everyday blood tests as follows: CRP, WBC and ESR. All afterbirths were examined to establish the presence of histologic chorioamnionitis (gold standard of intrauterine infection).\n\nRESULT: S: 59 (73.7%) patients had significant chorioamnionitis on histopathology and only 15 of them had clinical chorioamnionitis. Serum CRP serial determinations (definition of abnormal tests: 1) > 1.2 mg/dl; 2) > 2.0 mg/dl; 3) > 1.2 mg/dl and increasing in two consecutive days) were found the most reliable with a sensitivity 1) 91.5%; 2) 85%; 3) 88%, specificity 57%; 76%; 86%, positive predictive value 86%; 90%; 94.5%, negative predictive value 70.5%; 64%; 72% and accuracy 82.5%; 82.5%; 87.5% respectively. The efficacy of WBC (abnormal tests: > 12500/mm3; > 15000/mm3; > 12500/mm3 and increasing in two consecutive days) and ESR (abnormal tests: > 60 mm/h; > 60 mm/h and increasing in two consecutive days) serial evaluations was significantly lower. Moreover, in cases of chorioamnionitis CRP increased above the upper limit of normal 3 days earlier than WBC or ESR.\n\nCONCLUSION: S: CRP was found the most reliable indicator of histologic chorioamnionitis and indicated the presence of intrauterine infection earlier than WBC or ESR.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"69","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Ginekologia Polska"}}},"pageStart":"615","pageEnd":"622","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clinical-issues-surrounding-the-use-of-terbutaline-sulfate-for-preterm-labor-reczecgjohdbq4551/","name":"Clinical issues surrounding the use of terbutaline sulfate for preterm labor","headline":"Clinical issues surrounding the use of terbutaline sulfate for preterm labor","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clinical-issues-surrounding-the-use-of-terbutaline-sulfate-for-preterm-labor-reczecgjohdbq4551/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"F Lam","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4659-7247","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J. Stephen Jones","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8545-3389","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John C. Morrison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3048-6470","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roger Newman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2422-619X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robin J. Willcourt","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Elliott","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8877-3240","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Educational Testing Service"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jones J","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6896-5592"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Katz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9817-4839","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R A Knuppel","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Morrison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7357-1590","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Phelan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9431-2002"}],"datePublished":"1998-11-13","abstract":"beta-mimetics have been prescribed by physicians to arrest or prevent premature labor for more than 20 years. Although not approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for tocolytic use, terbutaline sulfate has been the most widely prescribed beta-mimetic in the United States. Recently, the role of terbutaline in the treatment and prevention of preterm labor has been questioned by the FDA. Because the off-label use of drugs is a formally accepted practice in medicine when scientific studies support such use, we reviewed the currently available clinical literature on terbutaline use in various routes of delivery: intravenous, oral, and subcutaneous via infusion pump. This review describes the clinical evidence that supports the safe and effective use of terbutaline as a tocolytic agent in certain patient populations. Practicing physicians should continue to have unrestricted use of terbutaline for tocolysis as one of the few remaining therapeutic options remaining in the fight against preterm birth.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"53","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11 Suppl","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey"}}},"pageStart":"S85-S95","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/00006254-199811002-00001","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46017723"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/00006254-199811002-00001"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9812326"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46017723"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovarian-stromal-hypertrophy-in-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-reczo9ccmhcofdedq/","name":"Ovarian stromal hypertrophy in polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"Ovarian stromal hypertrophy in polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovarian-stromal-hypertrophy-in-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-reczo9ccmhcofdedq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kaleli S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Erel CT"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Oral E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elter K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Akman C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Colgar U"}],"datePublished":"1998-11-04","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between the ovarian stromal area and clinical hormonal characteristics in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: Twenty-eight women with PCOS (group 1) and 26 healthy women (group 2) participated in this study. For measuring the ovarian stromal area, transvaginal ultrasonography was performed on all women during the early follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. Venous blood was sampled from the women to determine serum follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol, androstenedione, free testosterone (FT), total testosterone (TT), 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, and fasting insulin and glucose levels. Two-tailed t and Pearson correlation tests were used for statistical analysis.\n\nRESULTS: Women with PCOS were heavier, and their serum FT, TT and LH levels were significantly higher than in the normals (P < .001, P < .012 and P < .001, respectively). The ovarian stromal area measured by transvaginal ultrasonography was also significantly larger than in the normals (P < .001). Only basal serum insulin levels seemed to correlate positively with the ovarian stromal area in women with PCOS (r = .43 P = .09).\n\nCONCLUSION: Although transvaginal ultrasonography has played an important role in the evaluation of women with PCOS, we could not demonstrate a relationship between the ovarian stromal area and hormonal characteristics of PCOS. Therefore, transvaginal ultrasonography and hormonal parameters must be used as complementary diagnostic methods in women with PCOS.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"43","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"893","pageEnd":"897","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ambulatory--not-office--blood-pressures-decline-during-hormone-replacement-thera-reczkspyyqe3lnlwb/","name":"Ambulatory--not office--blood pressures decline during hormone replacement therapy in healthy postmenopausal women","headline":"Ambulatory--not office--blood pressures decline during hormone replacement therapy in healthy postmenopausal women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ambulatory--not-office--blood-pressures-decline-during-hormone-replacement-thera-reczkspyyqe3lnlwb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"F VANITTERSUM","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008xxew50"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W VANBAAL","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008xxew50"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Velja Mijatovic","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0435-9921","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00q6h8f30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A DONKER"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M VANDERMOOREN","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008xxew50"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C D Stehouwer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8752-3223","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008xxew50"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Kenemans","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008xxew50"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W M van Baal"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M J van der Mooren"},{"@type":"Person","name":"F J van Ittersum","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute for Cardiovascular Research Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Medicine, The Netherlands. fj.vanittersum@azvu.nl"}}],"datePublished":"1998-11-03","abstract":"Hormone replacement therapy (HRT, estrogen plus progestagen) in postmenopausal women has beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system. However, effects on blood pressure, determined with office measurements, remain controversial. We studied the effects of HRT in 29 healthy normotensive postmenopausal women (mean age 52.3 [3.8] years, median duration of amenorrhea 34.5 months), using ambulatory blood pressure monitoring at baseline and at 3 and 12 months of follow-up. Women were randomized to two groups: an HRT group (N = 14), treated with 1 mg 17beta-estradiol once daily and 5 or 10 mg dydrogesterone once daily during the third and fourth week of every 4 weeks; and a control group (C-group, N = 15), which did not receive therapy. Blood pressures did not differ between the groups at baseline (HRT group 117.1 (9.2)/74.4 (6.6) mm Hg, C-group 113.8 (11.2)/71.3 (7.4) mm Hg). During the follow-up period, changes from baseline of office blood pressures did not differ significantly between the groups. However, changes (95% CI) of mean 24-h blood pressures differed significantly between the two groups after 1 year of follow-up: a decrease of blood pressures was observed in the HRT group (delta systolic/delta diastolic = -5.54 [-8.86 to -2.21]/-4.23 [-6.66 to -1.80] mm Hg), whereas an increase was found in the C-group (+3.33 [-0.69 to +7.35]/+1.67 [-1.75 to +5.09] mm Hg; P [HRT v control group] = .001/.005). We conclude that HRT may have blood pressure lowering properties in healthy, normotensive postmenopausal women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Hypertension"}}},"pageStart":"1147","pageEnd":"1152","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0895-7061(98)00165-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77500157"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0895-7061(98)00165-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9799030"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q77500157"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/complications-of-medically-assisted-conception-in-3500-cycles-recgzr5zrgewolhpx/","name":"Complications of medically assisted conception in 3,500 cycles","headline":"Complications of medically assisted conception in 3,500 cycles","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/complications-of-medically-assisted-conception-in-3500-cycles-recgzr5zrgewolhpx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M Aboulghar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3935-6501","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Egyptian IVF-ET Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035aahr55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Aboulghar","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Egyptian IVF-ET Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035aahr55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y Amin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5349-5410","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Egyptian IVF-ET Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035aahr55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Mansour","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0758-3387","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Egyptian IVF-ET Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035aahr55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M A Sattar","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Egyptian IVF-ET Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035aahr55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G I Serour","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical University of South Carolina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012jban78"}}],"datePublished":"1998-10-31","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To investigate the incidence of complications in the use of assisted reproductive technology in the management of infertile couples.\n\nDESIGN: Retrospective study.\n\nSETTING: The Egyptian IVF & ET Center, Maadi, Cairo, Egypt.\n\nPATIENT(S): Two thousand nine hundred twenty-four patients underwent IVF-ET or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in 3,500 cycles.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): IVF-ET, ICSI, ejaculate sperm, epididymal sperm aspiration, and testicular sperm extraction.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Complications of the procedure and complications of pregnancy in 702 patients.\n\nRESULT(S): Fifteen hundred ovum pickups for IVF-ET and 2,000 ovum pickups for ICSI were performed. Clinical pregnancy occurred in 1,078 patients (30.8%). Four groups of complications were identified. Complications of the procedure occurred in 291 patients (8.3%). Complications of pregnancy included ectopic pregnancy in 1.9%, heterotopic pregnancy in 0.2%. abortion in 20.6%, multiple pregnancy in 28%, pregnancy-induced hypertension in 10%, preterm labor in 21.5%, low birth weight in 30.5%, and intrauterine death in 2%. Coincidental complications occurred in five patients (0.15%). Other complications that were difficult to measure included psychological breakdown and socioeconomic problems.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Assisted reproductive technology is effective for the management of infertility and has an acceptable incidence of complications. Complications rarely endanger the life of the patient. When this line of treatment is offered, the indications should be definitive. Patients should be monitored properly and measures should be taken to minimize the incidence of complications.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"70","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"638","pageEnd":"642","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(98)00250-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46415299"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(98)00250-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9797090"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46415299"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/potential-consequences-of-widespread-antepartal-use-of-ampicillin-recskdwwqsws5nlha/","name":"Potential consequences of widespread antepartal use of ampicillin","headline":"Potential consequences of widespread antepartal use of ampicillin","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/potential-consequences-of-widespread-antepartal-use-of-ampicillin-recskdwwqsws5nlha/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C V Towers","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4022-0310","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Irvine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Asrat"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M H Carr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Padilla","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6740-9869","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital Angeles Valle Oriente"}}],"datePublished":"1998-10-28","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: Recommendations for the use of antenatal antibiotics in obstetrics have increased in the past few years, especially for prophylaxis against group B streptococci, for prolongation of the latency time in patients with preterm premature rupture of the membranes, and as an adjuvant treatment in preterm labor. Our objective was to determine whether the use of antenatal ampicillin affects the incidence of and resistance of early-onset neonatal sepsis with organisms other than group B streptococci.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: A prospective cohort study was performed between January 1, 1991, and December 31, 1996. Every case of blood culture-proven neonatal sepsis was prospectively surveyed. The type of bacteria isolated, drug resistance, antenatal antibiotic use and treatment indication, gestational age at delivery, and other antenatal and outcome variables were gathered. Early-onset neonatal sepsis was defined as disease onset within 7 days after birth.\n\nRESULTS: A total of 42 cases of early-onset neonatal sepsis among 29,897 neonates delivered were found during the 6-year period. Of these, 15 cases were due to group B streptococci and 27 were the result of non-group B streptococcal organisms (21 gram-negative rods and 6 gram-positive cocci). Among the 27 non-group B streptococcal cases, 15 mothers had received antenatal ampicillin and 13 of the 15 bacterial isolates from these neonates (87%) were resistant to ampicillin, versus only 2 ampicillin-resistant isolates (17%) among the 12 cases in which no antenatal antibiotics were administered (P = .0004). Of the 15 mothers who were treated with ampicillin, 13 received more than 1 dose. In evaluating each year of the study, the overall administration of antibiotics to pregnant women in the antenatal period increased from <10% in 1991 to 16.9% in 1996. The incidence of early-onset neonatal sepsis with group B streptococci decreased during this time, whereas the incidence of early-onset sepsis with non-group B streptococcal organisms, especially Escherichia coli, increased.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: The increased administration of antenatal ampicillin to pregnant women may be responsible for the increased incidence of early-onset neonatal sepsis with non-group B streptococcal organisms that are resistant to ampicillin. At this time penicillin G, rather than ampicillin, is therefore recommended for prophylaxis against group B streptococci. In addition, future studies are needed to determine whether alternate approaches, such as immunotherapy or vaginal washing, could be of benefit.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"179","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"879","pageEnd":"883","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9378(98)70182-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40838137"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0002-9378(98)70182-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9790363"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40838137"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reproductive-correlates-of-chronic-fatigue-syndrome-rec85trk63mwdbqda/","name":"Reproductive correlates of chronic fatigue syndrome","headline":"Reproductive correlates of chronic fatigue syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reproductive-correlates-of-chronic-fatigue-syndrome-rec85trk63mwdbqda/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"B L Harlow","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6735-8862","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"LisaB Signorello","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"AnthonyL Komaroff","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Dailey","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J E Hall","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4644-3061","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Salk Institute for Biological Studies","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xez1567"}}],"datePublished":"1998-10-28","abstract":"A case-control study was conducted to determine whether menstrual and gynecologic abnormalities precede the onset of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) in women with this disorder to a greater extent than that observed among healthy controls. We identified 150 women who met the 1988 Centers for Disease Control criteria for CFS from the Brigham and Women's Hospital Cooperative CFS Research Center. A comparison group of 149 women being seen for nongynecologic conditions were selected from the waiting area of the Brigham and Women's Hospital Internal Medicine outpatient department. Women with and without CFS completed self-administered questionnaires on menstrual, reproductive, and medical history. Women with CFS reported increased gynecologic complications and a lower incidence of premenstrual symptomatology. After adjustment for age, a somewhat greater number of cases compared with controls self-reported irregular cycles, periods of amenorrhea, and sporadic bleeding between menstrual periods. Factors suggestive of abnormal ovarian function--such as a history of polycystic ovarian syndrome, hirsutism, and ovarian cysts--were reported more often in CFS cases compared with controls. Frequent anovulatory cycles due to ovarian hyperandrogenism (PCOS) or hyperprolactinemia may increase risk for CFS through loss of the potential immunomodulatory effects of progesterone in the presence of continued estrogen production. We hypothesize that frequent anovulatory cycles due to PCOS and/or hyperprolactinemia may explain the increased reporting of gynecologic complications and the lower reported premenstrual symptomatology observed in women with CFS.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"105","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3A","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The American Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"94S-99S","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9343(98)00173-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55068084"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0002-9343(98)00173-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9790489"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q55068084"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/randomized-comparison-of-oral-and-transdermal-hormone-replacement-on-carotid-and-recfanclzt9jff78i/","name":"Randomized comparison of oral and transdermal hormone replacement on carotid and uterine artery resistance to blood flow","headline":"Randomized comparison of oral and transdermal hormone replacement on carotid and uterine artery resistance to blood flow","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/randomized-comparison-of-oral-and-transdermal-hormone-replacement-on-carotid-and-recfanclzt9jff78i/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"B Cacciatore","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Helsinki","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040af2s02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"I Paakkari"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M J Tikkanen"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Toivonen"},{"@type":"Person","name":"O Ylikorkala","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Helsinki University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02e8hzf44"}}],"datePublished":"1998-10-09","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To compare the long-term effects of oral and transdermal hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on carotid and uterine vascular impedance.\n\nMETHODS: Sixty-three postmenopausal women were randomized to 1 year's treatment with oral or transdermal sequential combined HRT. Carotid and uterine artery pulsatility indices (PIs) were assessed by color Doppler at baseline, and after 2, 6, and 12 months of treatment. Fifty-eight women completed the trial, 27 in the oral and 31 in the transdermal group. In a subgroup of 30 women, we also performed Doppler measurements in the estrogen-progestin combined phase. The study had 90% power to detect a difference between treatment groups of 0.05 in the carotid artery and of 0.25 in uterine artery PI at the 5% significance level.\n\nRESULTS: The carotid PI decreased significantly (P < .001) and similarly during both regimens. This drop was already clearly detectable during the second month, from 0.97 (0.95, 1.01) (mean and 95% confidence intervals [CII) to 0.94 (0.91, 0.97) in the oral and from 0.98 (0.94, 1.00) to 0.92 (0.89, 0.95) in the transdermal group, but it continued up to 12 months (0.85 [0.82, 0.88], 13% of baseline values in the oral group and 0.84 [0.81, 0.871, 14% in the transdermal group). In the uterine arteries, the drop in PI was steeper and greater and reached its maximum at 6 months (39% and 40%, respectively). Drops in carotid and uterine PI correlated positively with baseline PI values, but were not affected by patient age, time from menopause, previous HRT and smoking. Addition of norethisterone acetate did not counteract drops in carotid and uterine PI in either group.\n\nCONCLUSION: Oral and transdermal sequential HRT are similarly effective at 1 year in reducing impedance to flow in carotid and uterine circulation. This long-term vascular effect might explain how HRT protects women from cardiovascular disease.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"92","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4 Pt 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"563","pageEnd":"568","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(98)00269-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77385638"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0029-7844(98)00269-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9764629"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q77385638"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/routine-ultrasound-is-the-method-of-choice-for-dating-pregnancy-recznhpigbmv3kyft/","name":"Routine ultrasound is the method of choice for dating pregnancy","headline":"Routine ultrasound is the method of choice for dating pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/routine-ultrasound-is-the-method-of-choice-for-dating-pregnancy-recznhpigbmv3kyft/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J Gardosi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3230-1292","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's Medical Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ap6wx93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Reynir T Geirsson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5419-0909","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National University Hospital of Iceland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/011k7k191"}}],"datePublished":"1998-10-08","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"105","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"933","pageEnd":"936","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1998.tb10253.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47329864"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1471-0528.1998.tb10253.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9763041"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47329864"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulation-and-spinal-bone-mineral-density-rec50ej5k0sgrbg7q/","name":"Ovulation and spinal bone mineral density","headline":"Ovulation and spinal bone mineral density","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulation-and-spinal-bone-mineral-density-rec50ej5k0sgrbg7q/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Heather McKay","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5158-8006","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"B.C. Women's Hospital & Health Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c4nx247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan I Barr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8701-7152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H A McKay","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2465-9822","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Departments of Human Kinetics, Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, and Human Nutrition, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine L Hitchcock","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation Research, Division of Endocrinology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K M Khan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6748-0668","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M A Petit","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8390-0773","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y M Vigna","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8840-192X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"1998-10-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"83","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"3757","pageEnd":"3760","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem.83.10.5187-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77398435"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jcem.83.10.5187-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9768701"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q77398435"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-fertilization-cleavage-and-pregnancy-rates-of-oocytes-from-large-a-rec1kkzzkwddnafv1/","name":"Comparison of fertilization, cleavage and pregnancy rates of oocytes from large and small follicles","headline":"Comparison of fertilization, cleavage and pregnancy rates of oocytes from large and small follicles","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-fertilization-cleavage-and-pregnancy-rates-of-oocytes-from-large-a-rec1kkzzkwddnafv1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C Bergh","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sahlgrenska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vgqjj36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Broden"},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Hamberger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5109-8034"},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Lundin"}],"datePublished":"1998-09-18","abstract":"Ovarian stimulation for in-vitro fertilization (IVF) causes development of several cohorts of follicles. At the time of oocyte collection, oocytes are thus retrieved from a wide range of follicles of different sizes and developmental stages. A relationship between size of follicles and pregnancy rates has earlier been demonstrated. The aim of the present study was to compare fertilization, cleavage and pregnancy rates between oocytes retrieved from large and small follicles in conventional IVF and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). A total of 200 conventional IVF patients and 175 ICSI patients underwent oocyte retrieval where oocytes from both large and small follicles were collected. A follicle with a volume of > or = 2 ml, corresponding to a follicular diameter > or = 16 mm as determined by ultrasound, was regarded as a large follicle. Only one cycle from each patient was included. Fertilization and cleavage rates were calculated per patient for oocytes from large and small follicles. The mean fertilization and cleavage rates for conventional IVF and ICSI cycles were calculated. Comparison of pregnancy rates was performed for patients receiving embryos derived from oocytes of only large or only small follicles. For conventional IVF patients, fertilization rates were 71.4 and 58.1% (P < 0.01, Wilcoxon paired test) for oocytes of large and small follicles respectively. The corresponding cleavage rates were 95.4 and 93.9% respectively. The pregnancy rate for the two groups was 47% (60/127) and 15% (2/13) (P < 0.05, chi2 test). For ICSI patients the fertilization rate was 72.0 and 71.1% for oocytes of large and small follicles respectively. The corresponding cleavage rate was 93.0 and 91.1%. The pregnancy rate in the two groups was 41% (46/113) and 42% (5/12). The results show that oocytes from smaller follicles also yield fertilization and pregnancies, although in conventional IVF to a lesser extent than oocytes from larger follicles. For IVF cycles, a higher proportion of immature oocytes (which are normally not included in the ICSI procedure) in the group of oocytes from small follicles is most probably the explanation for the lower fertilization rate. The decrease in pregnancy rate with oocytes from small follicles in the IVF cycles was not observed in the ICSI cycles. The possibility of evaluating the degree of oocyte maturation prior to fertilization may be an advantage of the ICSI technique. This suggests that the disadvantages of oocytes from small follicles might be overcome by means of ICSI.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1912","pageEnd":"1915","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/13.7.1912","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48932537"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/13.7.1912"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9740448"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q48932537"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estradiol-17beta-reduces-blood-pressure-and-restores-the-normal-amplitude-of-the-rec3ivegx2ewd43jh/","name":"Estradiol-17beta reduces blood pressure and restores the normal amplitude of the circadian blood pressure rhythm in postmenopausal hypertension","headline":"Estradiol-17beta reduces blood pressure and restores the normal amplitude of the circadian blood pressure rhythm in postmenopausal hypertension","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estradiol-17beta-reduces-blood-pressure-and-restores-the-normal-amplitude-of-the-rec3ivegx2ewd43jh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"G Mercuro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0097-2152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute of Cardiology and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"I Pilia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2834-5652","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Cagliari","sameAs":"https://ror.org/003109y17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G B Melis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2260-9277","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Cagliari","sameAs":"https://ror.org/003109y17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Cherchi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Cagliari","sameAs":"https://ror.org/003109y17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Lao","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Cagliari","sameAs":"https://ror.org/003109y17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Piano","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Cagliari","sameAs":"https://ror.org/003109y17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Zoncu","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Cagliari","sameAs":"https://ror.org/003109y17"}}],"datePublished":"1998-08-26","abstract":"After menopause, both systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure (BP) become higher in women than in men of the same age, suggesting that estrogen deficiency may influence the age-related increase in BP. We studied 30 postmenopausal women (mean age, 55 +/- 5.7 years; time from menopause, 2-5 years) affected by mild hypertension with no target-organ complications by means of 24-h BP monitoring. None of the group were undergoing estrogen replacement therapy or taking antihypertensive drugs. According to a randomized, double-blind protocol, subjects received patches of transdermal estradiol-17beta (E2) or a matched placebo, with crossover after a 7-day washout period. In 12 patients the 24-h peak-to-trough variation in SBP and DBP amounted to less than 10% (nondippers). Administration of E2 significantly decreased 24-h SBP and DBP in the whole cohort (P < .05). Furthermore, E2 restored the expected reduction in BP during nighttime in the nondipper subgroup. It is well known that estrogen replacement therapy protects against the development of both cardiovascular diseases and stroke. Our data suggest that this activity could be attributed, at least in part, to the activity of E2 in preserving physiologic circadian fluctuation of BP.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8 Pt 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Hypertension"}}},"pageStart":"909","pageEnd":"913","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0895-7061(98)00096-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77141765"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0895-7061(98)00096-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9715781"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q77141765"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-fasting-glucose-to-insulin-ratio-is-a-useful-measure-of-insulin-sensitivity-in-rece4jablifg6xgi4/","name":"A fasting glucose to insulin ratio is a useful measure of insulin sensitivity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"A fasting glucose to insulin ratio is a useful measure of insulin sensitivity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-fasting-glucose-to-insulin-ratio-is-a-useful-measure-of-insulin-sensitivity-in-rece4jablifg6xgi4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard S Legro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9927-7584","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01h22ap11"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Diane T. Finegood","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0568-0522"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrea Dunaif","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4903-9374","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}}],"datePublished":"1998-08-26","abstract":"Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are profoundly insulin resistant, and the resultant hyperinsulinemia exacerbates the reproductive abnormalities of the syndrome. Agents that ameliorate insulin resistance and reduce circulating insulin levels could provide a new therapeutic modality for PCOS. Identifying the subset of PCOS women who are most insulin resistant may therefore be useful for selecting women who will respond to this therapy. We examined the correlation of basal and oral glucose-stimulated glucose and insulin levels and fasting and stimulated glucose/insulin (G:I) ratios with parameters of insulin sensitivity obtained by frequently sampled i.v. glucose tolerance test (FSIGT) to assess whether there is a simple screening test for insulin resistance in PCOS. Forty PCOS women (aged 18-40 yr; body mass index, >26 kg/m2) and 15 control women matched for age, weight, and ethnicity underwent both a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and a FSIGT. The insulin sensitivity index (S(I)) was calculated by application of the minimal model of glucose kinetics to the dynamics of plasma glucose and insulin levels during the FSIGT. The best correlation in PCOS between S(I) and a fasting level was found with fasting G:I ratios (r = 0.73; P < 0.0001). A less substantial, but significant, correlation was found with fasting insulin levels (r = 0.50; P < 0.001), and no significant correlation was found with fasting glucose levels (r = 0.24; P = NS). The fasting G:I was more strongly correlated with S(I) than with integrated glucose and insulin responses during the OGTT. The only stronger correlation was with the OGTT 2 h G:I ratio (r = 0.74; P < 0.001). Stepwise regression analysis with S(I) as the dependent variable and fasting glucose and insulin levels, area under the curve for glucose and insulin, and a fasting G:I ratio showed that only the fasting G:I ratio was significantly predictive of S(I) in the model (F to remove value = 38.1; P < 0.001). When viewed as a screening test for insulin resistance in PCOS, setting a value of the fasting G:I ratio of less than 4.5 as abnormal (using an S(I) value below the 10th percentile of our control population as evidence for insulin resistance), the sensitivity of a fasting G:I ratio was 95%, the specificity was 84%, the positive predictive value was 87%, and the negative predictive value was 94%. Receiver operator curve analysis showed that this fasting G:I ratio was the single best screening measure for detecting insulin resistance. We conclude that a fasting G:I ratio may be useful as a screening test for insulin resistance in obese non-Hispanic white PCOS women. This may be a clinically useful parameter for selecting PCOS women most likely to respond to therapeutic interventions that improve insulin sensitivity.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"83","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"2694","pageEnd":"2698","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem.83.8.5054","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42460037"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jcem.83.8.5054"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9709933"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q42460037"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/perimenopause-the-complex-endocrinology-of-the-menopausal-transition-reckfkgnvfzl1abgh/","name":"Perimenopause: the complex endocrinology of the menopausal transition","headline":"Perimenopause: the complex endocrinology of the menopausal transition","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/perimenopause-the-complex-endocrinology-of-the-menopausal-transition-reckfkgnvfzl1abgh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"1998-08-26","abstract":"I. Introduction II. Defining the Perimenopause III. Classic Studies of the Perimenopause A. Historical studies B. Early reports of women’s experiences in the perimenopause C. Early prospective menstrual cycle interval and basal temperature documentation IV. Prospective Epidemiological Studies of the Perimenopause A. Manitoba Project on Women and Their Health in the Middle Years B. Massachusetts Women’s Health Study C. Kuopio Osteoporosis Risk Factor and Prevention (OSTPRE) Study V. Systematic Studies of the Endocrinology of the Perimenopause A. Cross-sectional (single-cycle) hormonal studies in the perimenopause B. Prospective ovarian hormonal levels in the perimenopause VI. Histological Studies of Ovarian Changes Across the Lifespan VII. Physiological Studies of Changing Ovarian Hormones in Women in Their Forties and Fifties A. Folliculogenesis and ovarian hyperstimulation for in vitro fertilization (IVF) B. Inhibin physiology in women over forty VIII. Hypotheses to Explain Perimenopausal Endocrinology A...","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Endocrine Reviews"}}},"pageStart":"397","pageEnd":"428","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/edrv.19.4.0341","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56083839"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/edrv.19.4.0341"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9715373"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q56083839"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/randomized-trial-of-estrogen-plus-progestin-for-secondary-prevention-of-coronary-rec0q6pxdgpjx9eyb/","name":"Randomized trial of estrogen plus progestin for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in postmenopausal women. Heart and Estrogen/progestin Replacement Study (HERS) Research Group","headline":"Randomized trial of estrogen plus progestin for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in postmenopausal women. Heart and Estrogen/progestin Replacement Study (HERS) Research Group","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/randomized-trial-of-estrogen-plus-progestin-for-secondary-prevention-of-coronary-rec0q6pxdgpjx9eyb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephen B. Hulley","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Bush","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4420-9979"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Furberg"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Grady"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Herrington"},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Riggs"},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Vittinghoff"}],"datePublished":"1998-08-26","abstract":"CONTEXT: Observational studies have found lower rates of coronary heart disease (CHD) in postmenopausal women who take estrogen than in women who do not, but this potential benefit has not been confirmed in clinical trials.\n\nOBJECTIVE: To determine if estrogen plus progestin therapy alters the risk for CHD events in postmenopausal women with established coronary disease.\n\nDESIGN: Randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled secondary prevention trial.\n\nSETTING: Outpatient and community settings at 20 US clinical centers.\n\nPARTICIPANTS: A total of 2763 women with coronary disease, younger than 80 years, and postmenopausal with an intact uterus. Mean age was 66.7 years.\n\nINTERVENTION: Either 0.625 mg of conjugated equine estrogens plus 2.5 mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate in 1 tablet daily (n = 1380) or a placebo of identical appearance (n = 1383). Follow-up averaged 4.1 years; 82% of those assigned to hormone treatment were taking it at the end of 1 year, and 75% at the end of 3 years.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome was the occurrence of nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI) or CHD death. Secondary cardiovascular outcomes included coronary revascularization, unstable angina, congestive heart failure, resuscitated cardiac arrest, stroke or transient ischemic attack, and peripheral arterial disease. All-cause mortality was also considered.\n\nRESULTS: Overall, there were no significant differences between groups in the primary outcome or in any of the secondary cardiovascular\n\noutcomes: 172 women in the hormone group and 176 women in the placebo group had MI or CHD death (relative hazard [RH], 0.99; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.80-1.22). The lack of an overall effect occurred despite a net 11% lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level and 10% higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level in the hormone group compared with the placebo group (each P<.001). Within the overall null effect, there was a statistically significant time trend, with more CHD events in the hormone group than in the placebo group in year 1 and fewer in years 4 and 5. More women in the hormone group than in the placebo group experienced venous thromboembolic events (34 vs 12; RH, 2.89; 95% CI, 1.50-5.58) and gallbladder disease (84 vs 62; RH, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.00-1.92). There were no significant differences in several other end points for which power was limited, including fracture, cancer, and total mortality (131 vs 123 deaths; RH, 1.08; 95% CI, 0.84-1.38).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: During an average follow-up of 4.1 years, treatment with oral conjugated equine estrogen plus medroxyprogesterone acetate did not reduce the overall rate of CHD events in postmenopausal women with established coronary disease. The treatment did increase the rate of thromboembolic events and gallbladder disease. Based on the finding of no overall cardiovascular benefit and a pattern of early increase in risk of CHD events, we do not recommend starting this treatment for the purpose of secondary prevention of CHD. However, given the favorable pattern of CHD events after several years of therapy, it could be appropriate for women already receiving this treatment to continue.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"280","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA"}}},"pageStart":"605","pageEnd":"613","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.280.7.605","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29615228"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jama.280.7.605"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9718051"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q29615228"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-of-inflammatory-bowel-disease-attributable-to-smoking-oral-contraception-an-recludvlrqo3zpxfu/","name":"Risk of inflammatory bowel disease attributable to smoking, oral contraception  and breastfeeding in Italy: a nationwide case-control study. Cooperative  Investigators of the Italian Group for the Study of the Colon and the Rectum  (GISC)","headline":"Risk of inflammatory bowel disease attributable to smoking, oral contraception  and breastfeeding in Italy: a nationwide case-control study. Cooperative  Investigators of the Italian Group for the Study of the Colon and the Rectum  (GISC)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-of-inflammatory-bowel-disease-attributable-to-smoking-oral-contraception-an-recludvlrqo3zpxfu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"G Corrao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1034-8444","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Milan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wjc7c48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"O Ferraù"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Andreoli"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Caprilli"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Di Paolo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2267-3735"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Ingrosso"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Mansi"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Papi"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Riegler"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G P Rigo"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Tragnone"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Trallori"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Valpiani"}],"datePublished":"1998-08-11","abstract":"Background: Using data from a case-control study carried out in Italy 1989-1992, we estimated the odds ratios (OR) and the population attributable risks (AR) for inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) in relation to smoking, oral contraception and breastfeeding in infancy.\n\nMethods: The study focused on 819 cases of IBD (594 ulcerative colitis: UC; 225 Crohn's disease: CD) originating from populations resident in 10 Italian areas, and age-sex matched paired controls.\n\nResults: Compared with non-smokers, former smokers were at increased risk of UC (OR = 3.0; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.1-4.3), whereas current smokers were at increased risk of CD (OR = 1.7; 95% CI: 1.1-2.6). Females who reported use of oral contraceptives for at least one month before onset of symptoms had a higher risk of CD (OR = 3.4; 95% CI: 1.0-11.9), whereas no significant risk was observed for UC. Lack of breastfeeding was associated with an increased risk of UC (OR = 1.5; 95% CI: 1.1-2.1) and CD (OR = 1.9; 95% CI: 1.1-3.3). Being a 'former smoker' was the factor with the highest attributable risk of UC both in males (AR = 28%; 95% CI: 20-35 %) and in females (AR = 12%; 95% CI: 5-18%). Smoking was the factor with the highest attributable risk for CD in males (AR = 31%; 95% CI: 11-50%). Lack of breastfeeding accounted for the highest proportion of CD in females (AR = 11%; 95% CI: 1-22%). Oral contraceptive use accounted for 7% of cases of UC and for 11% of cases of CD.\n\nConclusions: Taken together, the considered factors were responsible for a proportion of IBD ranging from 26% (CD females) to 36% (CD males). It is concluded that other environmental and genetic factors may be involved in the aetiology of IBD.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"27","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Epidemiology"}}},"pageStart":"397","pageEnd":"404","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/27.3.397","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50871191"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/ije/27.3.397"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9698126"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50871191"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/insulin-and-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-a-new-look-at-an-old-subject-zvrocfr1/","name":"Insulin and polycystic ovary syndrome: a new look at an old subject","headline":"Insulin and polycystic ovary syndrome: a new look at an old subject","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/insulin-and-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-a-new-look-at-an-old-subject-zvrocfr1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mario Ciampelli","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonio Lanzone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4119-414X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oasi Maria SS","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dqmaq38"}}],"datePublished":"1998-08-01","abstract":"In recent years the metabolic implications of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have received a great deal of attention; in fact 50% of women with PCOS are obese and a similar percentage of subjects was found to show exaggerated insulin secretion and reduced insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. The presence of these features in women with PCOS has profound clinical implications in terms of morbidity due to diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Moreover, hyperinsulinemia has recently been proposed as a possible independent risk factor for endometrial and breast cancer. In the light of these considerations, the importance of metabolic screening in patients with PCOS in order to improve their quality of life cannot be underestimated. In this review we analyze all the clinical pathologies in which hyperinsulinemia of PCOS could be involved. Furthermore, in order to clarify the possible mechanisms leading to the insulin disorders of the syndrome, we review the available data about the insulin receptor abnormalities, as well as those concerning the insulin resistance and the exaggerated insulin secretion. Finally, we examine the main therapeutic strategies to ameliorate the insulinemic status of PCOS patients in order to potentially be able to prevent the long-term consequences of this syndrome.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Gynecological endocrinology : the official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"277","pageEnd":"92","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3109/09513599809015601","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54118805"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3109/09513599809015601"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9798138"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q54118805"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevention-of-premature-birth-recxkpltxo4bad5va/","name":"Prevention of premature birth","headline":"Prevention of premature birth","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevention-of-premature-birth-recxkpltxo4bad5va/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R L Goldenberg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1283-8340","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008s83205"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dwight J Rouse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9336-9688","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008s83205"}}],"datePublished":"1998-07-31","abstract":"Preterm birth, which occurs in 11 percent of all pregnancies, is responsible for the majority of neonatal deaths and nearly one half of all cases of congenital neurologic disability, including cerebral palsy.1Although all births before 37 weeks of gestation are considered premature, births before 32 weeks' gestation (2 percent of all births) account for most neonatal deaths and disorders.2 State and national vital statistics indicate that the incidence of preterm birth has risen over the past 15 years (Figure 1), and it remains twice as high among black women as among white women.35 Preterm birth is commonly categorized . . .","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"339","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"313","pageEnd":"320","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199807303390506","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74817617"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJM199807303390506"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9682045"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q74817617"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/postpartum-anxiety-and-depression-onset-and-comorbidity-in-a-community-sample-recx8tsbkyngnw8cj/","name":"Postpartum anxiety and depression: onset and comorbidity in a community sample","headline":"Postpartum anxiety and depression: onset and comorbidity in a community sample","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/postpartum-anxiety-and-depression-onset-and-comorbidity-in-a-community-sample-recx8tsbkyngnw8cj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S Stuart","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2301-3405","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Greg P. Couser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0907-4738"},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Schilder"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael W. O’Hara","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1796-0449","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Iowa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036jqmy94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Couser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0958-1994","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hofstra University"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Gorman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Iowa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036jqmy94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M W O'Hara"}],"datePublished":"1998-07-29","abstract":"A community-based sample of 107 women completed the Beck Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale at 14 weeks postpartum and at 30 weeks postpartum. The point prevalence of anxiety was 8.7% at 14 weeks and 16.8% at 30 weeks postpartum. The point prevalence of depression was 23.3% at 14 weeks and 18.7% at 30 weeks postpartum. The incidence of anxiety during this time period was 10.28%, and the incidence of depression was 7.48%, indicating high incidences of both postpartum anxiety and depression later in the postpartum period. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale was found to have a strong correlation with the State Anxiety Scale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (r = .73 at 14 weeks, r = .82 at 30 weeks), suggesting that the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale may be a good screening instrument for anxiety as well as depression.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"186","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease"}}},"pageStart":"420","pageEnd":"424","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/00005053-199807000-00006","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44520792"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/00005053-199807000-00006"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9680043"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44520792"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluation-of-the-lady-free-biotester-in-determining-the-fertile-period-recy4ezfhmvnbrmmw/","name":"Evaluation of the Lady Free Biotester in determining the fertile period","headline":"Evaluation of the Lady Free Biotester in determining the fertile period","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluation-of-the-lady-free-biotester-in-determining-the-fertile-period-recy4ezfhmvnbrmmw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Gaska","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}}],"datePublished":"1998-07-23","abstract":"Small hand-held microscopes have been developed for self-observation of salivary ferning patterns to detect the fertile time of a woman's menstrual cycle. The purpose of this study was to evaluate one such microscope, the Lady Free Biotester, by comparing it with the self-observation of cervical-vaginal mucus and with the self-detection of luteinizing hormone (LH) in the urine. Twelve natural family planning teachers (average age 34.6 years) observed their cervical-vaginal mucus, tested their urine for LH, and observed salivary and cervical-vaginal mucus ferning patterns (with the Lady Free Biotester) for two menstrual cycles. Data indicated that there was a strong correlation between the LH in the urine and the peak in self-observed cervical-vaginal mucus ferning (r = 0.99, p < or = 0.001) and salivary ferning (r = 0.98, p < or = 0.001). However, it was difficult to assess the beginning and end of the fertile time based on the salivary ferning patterns. Further testing of salivary ferning patterns is recommended before widespread use of these devices for family planning.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"57","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"325","pageEnd":"328","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0010-7824(98)00039-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32051490"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0010-7824(98)00039-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9673839"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q32051490"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/updated-projections-of-infertility-in-the-united-states-1995-2025-recinrzxsodmvczmg/","name":"Updated projections of infertility in the United States: 1995-2025","headline":"Updated projections of infertility in the United States: 1995-2025","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/updated-projections-of-infertility-in-the-united-states-1995-2025-recinrzxsodmvczmg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E H Stephen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4018-6412","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Chandra","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6502-7173","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Health Statistics","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03p15s250"}}],"datePublished":"1998-07-11","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To project the number of infertile women aged 15-44 every 5 years from 2000 to 2025.\n\nDESIGN: Data are used from Cycle 5 of the National Survey of Family Growth conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics. Population projections prepared by the U.S. Bureau of the Census are used as the base population for 2000-2025. Prospective demographic projections are used to estimate the number of infertile women.\n\nPARTICIPANTS: The National Survey of Family Growth (Cycle 5) interviewed 10,847 women aged 15-44 in 1995.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Number of infertile women.\n\nRESULT(S): The number of women experiencing infertility will range from 5.4-7.7 million in 2025, with the most likely number to be just under 6.5 million.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): This is a substantial revision (upward) in the number of infertile women, largely a result of the increase in the observed percentage of infertile women in 1995. This is the base population of concern to providers; of particular interest is the percentage of infertile women who seek medical treatment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"70","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"30","pageEnd":"34","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(98)00103-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40851790"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(98)00103-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9660416"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40851790"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/creighton-model-naproeducation-technology-for-avoiding-pregnancy-use-effectivene-recruvxvan1ktisup/","name":"Creighton Model NaProEducation Technology for avoiding pregnancy. Use effectiveness","headline":"Creighton Model NaProEducation Technology for avoiding pregnancy. Use effectiveness","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/creighton-model-naproeducation-technology-for-avoiding-pregnancy-use-effectivene-recruvxvan1ktisup/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"1998-07-08","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the use effectiveness of Creighton Model (CrM) NaProEducation Technology for avoiding pregnancy.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: CrM is a medical model of natural procreation education that is a fully standardized modification of the Billings ovulation method. This system has been used as a means to avoid pregnancy and has been prospectively evaluated in five use effectiveness studies. A prospective life-table analysis of the five studies (meta-analysis) was undertaken, yielding both net and gross rates. Discontinuation rates were also calculated. These studies were conducted at CrM centers in Omaha, St. Louis, Wichita, Houston, and Milwaukee.\n\nRESULTS: A total of 1,876 couples used CrM NET for a total of 17,130.0 couple months of use. The method and use effectiveness rates for avoiding pregnancy were 99.5 and 96.8 at the 12th ordinal month and 99.5 and 96.4 at the 18th ordinal month, respectively. The discontinuation rate was 11.3% at the 12th ordinal month and 12.1% at the 18th ordinal month.\n\nCONCLUSION: CrM is highly effective as a means of avoiding pregnancy in both its method and use effectiveness. The method effectiveness has remained stable over the years of the studies, but the use effectiveness for avoiding pregnancy appears to have improved over the study period.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"43","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"495","pageEnd":"502","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prediction-of-preterm-delivery-by-fetal-fibronectin-a-meta-analysis-reca9yuvxntphxuy3/","name":"Prediction of preterm delivery by fetal fibronectin: a meta-analysis","headline":"Prediction of preterm delivery by fetal fibronectin: a meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prediction-of-preterm-delivery-by-fetal-fibronectin-a-meta-analysis-reca9yuvxntphxuy3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"G Faron","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2603-7488","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P M Bernard"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Boulvain"},{"@type":"Person","name":"W D Fraser"},{"@type":"Person","name":"O Irion"}],"datePublished":"1998-07-02","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To assess the cervicovaginal fetal fibronectin test to predict preterm delivery.\n\nDATA SOURCES: We searched MEDLINE, Current Contents, Index Medicus, and proceedings of meetings for studies published between 1991 and June 1997.\n\nMETHODS OF STUDY SELECTION: Inclusion criteria were prospective cohort study; test performed between 20 and 36 weeks' gestation; fetal fibronectin measured by a previously described assay, with a cutoff level set at 50 ng/mL; test results not disclosed to women or physicians; and fewer than 20% of study participants excluded from the analysis.\n\nTABULATION, INTEGRATION, AND\n\nRESULTS: Twenty-nine relevant studies were stratified according to the prevalence of preterm delivery, the number of tests performed, and delivery before 34, 35, or 37 weeks. Sensitivities, specificities, and likelihood ratios were calculated in each study. The summary estimates of the likelihood ratio for tests yielding positive results or tests yielding negative results along with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed in each stratum according to a random-effects model. All summary likelihood ratios for a test yielding positive results indicated a significant association with preterm delivery. The strongest association was found between a single test with positive results and delivery before 37 weeks in a low-risk population (likelihood ratio 7.5; 95% CI 4.6, 12.3). This association also was found in high-risk women (likelihood ratio 3.5; 95% CI 2.6, 4.6). In high-risk women, a test yielding negative results was associated with a reduction in risk of preterm delivery (likelihood ratio 0.4; 95% CI 0.3, 0.5).\n\nCONCLUSION: Fetal fibronectin in cervicovaginal secretions is associated with preterm delivery in both high-risk and low-risk women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"92","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"153","pageEnd":"158","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(98)00067-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47902407"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0029-7844(98)00067-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9649113"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47902407"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polycystic-ovaries-in-women-with-gestational-diabetes-rec9mgbn6jfrvmels/","name":"Polycystic ovaries in women with gestational diabetes","headline":"Polycystic ovaries in women with gestational diabetes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polycystic-ovaries-in-women-with-gestational-diabetes-rec9mgbn6jfrvmels/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R A Penttilä"},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Anttila","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Turku University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dbzj528"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"U Ekblad"},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Karjala"},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Ruutiainen"}],"datePublished":"1998-07-02","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To examine the occurrence of polycystic ovaries (PCO) in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).\n\nMETHODS: This was a retrospective comparative study of ultrasonographic findings of ovaries in 31 women with GDM and 30 healthy controls matched according to maternal age and body mass index (BMI). Women who presented evidence of impaired glucose tolerance during pregnancy were excluded from the control group. Transvaginal ultrasonographic examination was performed during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, after breast-feeding had been discontinued.\n\nRESULTS: Polycystic ovary was a more frequent finding among women with GDM than among controls: 14 women with GDM (44%) and two controls exhibited PCO. No differences were found in BMI before pregnancy or in the weight gain during pregnancy between the groups. No difference was observed in the mean birth weight of the infants between the study groups.\n\nCONCLUSION: Polycystic ovaries were a common finding among women with GDM. The data suggest that women with PCO are at risk for developing GDM and should be screened accordingly.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"92","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"13","pageEnd":"16","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(98)00133-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74737911"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0029-7844(98)00133-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9649084"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q74737911"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/spinal-bone-mineral-density-in-premenopausal-vegetarian-and-nonvegetarian-women--recdpf6nuuvpjp5rh/","name":"Spinal bone mineral density in premenopausal vegetarian and nonvegetarian women: cross-sectional and prospective comparisons","headline":"Spinal bone mineral density in premenopausal vegetarian and nonvegetarian women: cross-sectional and prospective comparisons","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/spinal-bone-mineral-density-in-premenopausal-vegetarian-and-nonvegetarian-women--recdpf6nuuvpjp5rh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan I Barr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8701-7152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K C Janelle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8005-3721"},{"@type":"Person","name":"B C Lentle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6982-3406","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"1998-07-01","abstract":"Objective: To compare spinal bone mineral density (BMD) and 1-year BMD change between premenopausal vegetarian and nonvegetarian women.\nDesign: Cross-sectional comparison of spinal BMD at baseline and prospective comparison of a subsample.\nSetting: A western Canadian metropolitan area. Subjects/samples: Healthy vegetarian (n = 15 lacto-ovo-vegetarian, n = 8 vegan) and nonvegetarian (n = 22) women aged 20 to 40 years, with regular menstrual cycles and stable body weight completed baseline measurements. Twenty of these women (6 lacto-ovo-vegetarian, 5 vegan, 9 nonvegetarian) participated in repeat measurements at approximately 13 months. Statistical Analyses Performed: Descriptive statistics, independent sample and paired t tests, 1-way analysis of variance, correlation analysis, and stepwise multiple regression were used to compare groups and to assess associations with BMD.\n\nResults: At baseline, subjects were 27.2 +/- 5.1 years old. Vegetarians had lower body mass index (21.1 +/- 2.3 vs 22.7 +/- 1.9, P < .05) and percent body fat (24.0 +/- 5.5% vs 27.4 +/- 5.1%, P < .05); they also tended to have lower BMD (1.148 +/- 0.111 g/cm2 vs 1.216 +/- 0.132 g/cm2, P = .06), although this was not apparent with weight as a covariate (P = .14). Baseline BMD was predicted by vitamin B-12 intake and total body fat (R2 = .24, P = .001). Participants in the follow-up differed only in their being older than nonparticipants. Over 1 year, mean BMD increased significantly (1.1%): by diet group, nonvegetarians' BMD increased but vegetarians' BMD was unchanged. No other monitored variables were associated with BMD change. Applications/\n\nconclusions: Vegetarian women should be aware of links between low BMD and low body weight/body fat, and should maintain adequate intakes of nutrients believed to affect BMD.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"98","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"J Am Diet Assoc"}}},"pageStart":"760","pageEnd":"765","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-8223(98)00172-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74779157"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/S0002-8223(98)00172-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9664916"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q74779157"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-factors-and-predictive-signs-of-postpartum-depression-recphviq5lcngme3u/","name":"Risk factors and predictive signs of postpartum depression","headline":"Risk factors and predictive signs of postpartum depression","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-factors-and-predictive-signs-of-postpartum-depression-recphviq5lcngme3u/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E Conne-Perréard"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Manzano","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2016-8380","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Service de Santé de la Jeunesse","sameAs":"https://ror.org/003r4c219"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Bousquet","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Service de Santé de la Jeunesse","sameAs":"https://ror.org/003r4c219"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Righetti-Veltema","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Service Médico-pédagogique, Office de la Jeunesse, Département de l'Instruction Publique, Geneva, Switzerland."}}],"datePublished":"1998-06-18","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Depressed new mothers usually do not seek and therefore do not receive any psychiatric help.\n\nMETHODS: In order to assess predictive signs of postpartum depression (PPD), an unselected sample of 570 women were seen by midwives during their pregnancy, using a questionnaire elaborated by ourselves and Derogatis' Hopkins Symptom Checklist. Three months after delivery each new mother was examined again by the same midwife using Cox' Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. The medical files were also examined.\n\nRESULTS: Of the new mothers, 58 (10.2%) suffered from PPD. Most significant factors were socio-professional difficulties, multiparity, deleterious life events, depressive mood prior to delivery, early mother-child separation and negative birth experience. The coping abilities of the depressed mother were decreased and her vulnerability to new stress factors increased.\n\nCONCLUSION: It is possible to detect women at risk for PPD already during pregnancy. We therefore elaborated a very simple, short predictive scale which is in the process of validation.\n\nLIMITATION: Protective factors still have to be studied.\n\nCLINICAL RELEVANCE: Knowledge of these factors should help all caregivers to recognize, during pregnancy, women at risk for PPD, in order to initiate preventive and/or therapeutic measures.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"49","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Affective Disorders"}}},"pageStart":"167","pageEnd":"180","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0165-0327(97)00110-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74659783"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0165-0327(97)00110-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9629946"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q74659783"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/laparoscopic-surgical-management-of-diaphragmatic-endometriosis-rec9thyhn2ozcukcn/","name":"Laparoscopic surgical management of diaphragmatic endometriosis","headline":"Laparoscopic surgical management of diaphragmatic endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/laparoscopic-surgical-management-of-diaphragmatic-endometriosis-rec9thyhn2ozcukcn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Camran Nezhat","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2360-5147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D S Seidman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7765-822X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f54p054"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Nezhat","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9245-5165","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f54p054"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nezhat CH","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2307-5374"}],"datePublished":"1998-06-17","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To review the clinical presentations of and management options for diaphragmatic endometriosis.\n\nDESIGN: Retrospective review.\n\nSETTING: Referral center.\n\nPATIENT(S): Twenty-four women with endometriosis of the diaphragm.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Surgical management.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic feasibility of operative laparoscopy.\n\nRESULT(S): Operative findings in 17 patients included 2-5 spots of endometriosis on the diaphragm measuring <1 cm. Seven women had numerous lesions scattered across the diaphragm. Lesions were bilateral in 8 patients, limited to the right hemidiaphragm in 14 patients, and limited to the left hemidiaphragm in 2 patients. In 7 patients, six endometriosis lesions were directly in the line of the left ventricle and three lesions were adjacent to the phrenic nerve. Endometriosis was infiltrating into the muscular layer of the diaphragm in 7 patients. The symptoms in all 7 symptomatic patients decreased significantly after treatment, with a minimum follow-up period of 12 months. No postoperative complications occurred.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): The abdominal diaphragm can be involved with endometriosis and can be diagnosed and treated effectively with the use of videolaparoscopy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"69","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1048","pageEnd":"1055","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(98)00056-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46325859"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(98)00056-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9627291"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46325859"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/abuse-related-posttraumatic-stress-disorder-and-alterations-of-the-hypothalamic--recurlkasw3rvv2hk/","name":"Abuse-related posttraumatic stress disorder and alterations of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in women with chronic pelvic pain","headline":"Abuse-related posttraumatic stress disorder and alterations of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in women with chronic pelvic pain","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/abuse-related-posttraumatic-stress-disorder-and-alterations-of-the-hypothalamic--recurlkasw3rvv2hk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C Heim","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6580-6326","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universität Trier","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02778hg05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"U Ehlert","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1982-8321"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D H Hellhammer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9262-6681"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Hanker"}],"datePublished":"1998-06-13","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: Although numerous organic conditions may cause chronic pelvic pain (CPP), diagnostic laparoscopy reveals a normal pelvis in many patients with CPP. However, psychological studies yield a high frequency of psychopathology and increased prevalences of chronic stress and traumatic life events, ie, sexual and physical abuse, in women with CPP, suggesting a relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and CPP. As chronic stress and PTSD have been associated with specific alterations of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, we explored stress history, psychopathology and HPA axis alterations in women with CPP.\n\nMETHOD: We recruited 16 patients with CPP and 14 painfree, infertile controls from a general hospital where diagnostic laparoscopy was performed. Psychological assessment included standardized interviews on clinical symptoms, abuse experiences and major life events as well as psychometric testing for PTSD-like symptoms and depression. Endocrinological evaluation involved determinations of diurnal salivary cortisol levels and hormonal responses to a corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) stimulation test (100 microg human CRF) and a low-dose dexamethasone suppression test (0.5 mg).\n\nRESULTS: We observed increased prevalences of abuse experiences and PTSD in women with CPP as well as a higher total number of major life events, whereas the mean extent of depression was within the normal range. With respect to endocrine measures, women with CPP demonstrated normal to low diurnal salivary cortisol levels, normal plasma-adrenocorticotropin (ACTH), but reduced salivary cortisol levels in the CRF stimulation test, and an enhanced suppression of salivary cortisol by dexamethasone.\n\nCONCLUSION: Women with CPP demonstrate HPA axis alterations, that partly parallel and partly contrast neuroendocrine correlates of PTSD, but show marked similarity to findings in patients with other stress-related bodily disorders. These findings suggest that a lack of protective properties of cortisol may be of relevance for the development of bodily disorders in chronically stressed or traumatized individuals.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"60","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Psychosomatic Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"309","pageEnd":"318","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/00006842-199805000-00017","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47979836"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/00006842-199805000-00017"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9625218"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47979836"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cancer-incidence-in-a-cohort-of-infertile-women-recvvlszrilrcf3pb/","name":"Cancer incidence in a cohort of infertile women","headline":"Cancer incidence in a cohort of infertile women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cancer-incidence-in-a-cohort-of-infertile-women-recvvlszrilrcf3pb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Liat Lerner‐Geva","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3036-1304","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sheba Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/020rzx487"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Menczer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2954-1401","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wolfson Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04ayype77"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laurence S. Freedman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6767-7900","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sheba Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/020rzx487"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Blumstein","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sheba Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/020rzx487"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lori Freedman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6187-5543","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Lerner-Geva","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3435-1832","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Franklin & Marshall College"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Lunenfeld","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sheba Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/020rzx487"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Mashiach","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tel Aviv University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mhzgx49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Modan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sheba Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/020rzx487"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Oelsner","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sheba Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/020rzx487"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Rabinovici","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Ron","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7643-6878","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Cancer Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"}}],"datePublished":"1998-06-10","abstract":"Among 2,496 infertile Israeli women treated between 1964 and 1974, 143 cancer cases were observed as compared with 116.1 expected (standardized incidence ratio (SIR) = 1.2, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.0-1.5) through 1991. Site-specific analysis revealed 12 ovarian cancers versus 7.2 expected (SIR = 1.6, 95% CI 0.8-2.9), 21 endometrial cancers versus 4.3 expected (SIR = 4.85, 95% CI 3.0-7.4), and 59 breast cancers versus 46.6 expected (SIR = 1.3, 95% CI 0.96-1.6). Sensitivity analysis revealed that confounding was unlikely to explain the raised risk of endometrial cancer, but nulliparity might explain the increased risk of ovarian cancer. The excess of endometrial cancer was prominent among patients with normal estrogen production but progesterone deficiency (SIR = 9.4, 95% CI 5.0-16.0). The risk for ovarian cancer was similar among the total groups of treated and untreated patients (SIR = 1.7 vs. 1.6). The standardized incidence ratio for endometrial cancer was higher among the treated group than the untreated group, although not significantly. Treatment with ovulation-inducing drugs does not appear to increase the risk for ovarian cancer, but its role cannot be completely excluded.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"147","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Epidemiology"}}},"pageStart":"1038","pageEnd":"1042","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009397","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74628783"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009397"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9620047"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q74628783"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-paracrine-role-for-the-epithelial-progesterone-receptor-in-mammary-gland-devel-recigejypfqehrdy7/","name":"A paracrine role for the epithelial progesterone receptor in mammary gland  development","headline":"A paracrine role for the epithelial progesterone receptor in mammary gland  development","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-paracrine-role-for-the-epithelial-progesterone-receptor-in-mammary-gland-devel-recigejypfqehrdy7/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C Brisken","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6857-3230","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Lydon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6472-636X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bert W. O’Malley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3332-1399","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vqm6w82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R A Weinberg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0895-3557","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B W O'Malley"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sunjune Park","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1188-3122","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Vass","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}}],"datePublished":"1998-06-06","abstract":"Recently generated progesterone receptor (PR)-negative (PR-/-) mice provide an excellent model for dissecting the role of progesterone in the development of the mammary gland during puberty and pregnancy. However, the full extent of the mammary gland defect in these mice caused by the absence of the PR cannot be assessed, because PR-/- mice do not exhibit estrous cycles and fail to become pregnant. To circumvent this difficulty, we have transplanted PR-/- breasts into wild-type mice, and we have demonstrated that the development of the mammary gland in the absence of the PR is arrested at the stage of the simple ductal system found in the young virgin mouse. Mammary transplants lacking the PR in the stromal compartment give rise to normal alveolar growth, whereas transplants containing PR-/- epithelium conserve the abnormal phenotype. Chimeric epithelia in which PR-/- cells are in close vicinity to PR wild-type cells go through complete alveolar development to which the PR-/- cells contribute. Together, these results indicate that progesterone acts by a paracrine mechanism on a subset of mammary epithelial cells to allow for alveolar growth and that expression of the PR is not required in all the cells of the mammary epithelium in order for alveolar development to proceed normally.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"95","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"}}},"pageStart":"5076","pageEnd":"5081","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.95.9.5076","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36064196"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1073/pnas.95.9.5076"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9560231"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36064196"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/status-of-current-research-on-endometriosis-recmdrkfhcjlhl1wq/","name":"Status of current research on endometriosis","headline":"Status of current research on endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/status-of-current-research-on-endometriosis-recmdrkfhcjlhl1wq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Tazuke SI"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Swiersz L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Linda C Giudice","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1677-0822","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03"}}],"datePublished":"1998-06-06","abstract":"Endometriosis, a benign gynecologic disorder, occurs in about 10% of women of reproductive age and in up to 50% of women with infertility. Endometriosis is defined as the presence of endometrial glandular and stromal cells outside their normal location in the uterus. Commonly affected areas in the abdominopelvic cavity include the ovaries, the cul-desac and other kinds of pelvic peritoneum, bowel and diaphragm. Rarely is it found in extraabdominal sites, including the pleura and pericardium. While it is not a malignant disorder, endometriosis exhibits cellular proliferation, cellular invasion and neoangiogenesis. The steroid hormone dependence of endometriosis is underscored by its appearance during the reproductive years. Furthermore, the progress of this enigmatic disease can be tempered by administration of antiestrogens, inhibitors of endogenous estradiol production, and hormonal and surgical castration. It is a disorder that markedly affects well-being and physical and emotional health in women. Research on the pathogenesis of endometriosis currently interfaces with four areas of basic research, including the fields of genetics, environmental science, cancer biology and immunology. Here we focus on current research in the latter two disciplines and their relevance to endometriosis research.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"43","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3 Suppl","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"252","pageEnd":"262","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/laparoscopic-fimbrioplasty-an-evaluation-of-35-cases-dqbwjgxz/","name":"Laparoscopic fimbrioplasty: an evaluation of 35 cases","headline":"Laparoscopic fimbrioplasty: an evaluation of 35 cases","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/laparoscopic-fimbrioplasty-an-evaluation-of-35-cases-dqbwjgxz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A Audebert"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J L Pouly","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Gynaecology and Human Reproduction Department, Hotel-Dieu, Clermont-Ferrand, France."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Von Theobald P","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3588-2993"}],"datePublished":"1998-06-01","abstract":"The aim of this prospective study was to assess the value of laparoscopic treatment of severe fimbrial occlusions. During a period of 52 months infertile patients with fimbrial lesions were treated by operative laparoscopy. Only those patients requiring incision of the tubal serosa (salpingostomy) were included, representing the most severe lesions. The most frequent cases, those patients requiring simple adhesiolysis and deagglutination of the fringes, were excluded. All tubal lesions were documented carefully. Positive Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) serology was found in 65.7% of the patients. All the patients were followed up for at least 2 years. Three patients lost to follow-up were defined as failures. The global conception rate was 74.3%. The intrauterine pregnancy rate was 51.4%, and the 'take home baby rate' was 37.1% (only the first pregnancy being taken into account). The ectopic pregnancy rate was 22.9%. A positive CT serology was found to have a significant influence on the outcome. It can be concluded that the laparoscopic approach provides results similar to those obtained by microsurgery for the treatment of severe fimbrial occlusions, and represents an acceptable alternative to in-vitro fertilization (IVF) in selected cases.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/13.6.1496","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37880489"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/13.6.1496"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9688380"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37880489"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prospective-study-of-the-efficacity-of-a-recent-symptomatic-thermal-method-of-na-recsi6iodfftg3hj8/","name":"Prospective study of the efficacity of a recent symptomatic-thermal method of  natural family planning","headline":"Prospective study of the efficacity of a recent symptomatic-thermal method of  natural family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prospective-study-of-the-efficacity-of-a-recent-symptomatic-thermal-method-of-na-recsi6iodfftg3hj8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"de Leizaola MA"}],"datePublished":"1998-05-26","abstract":"A Belgian pilot-study conducted in the framework of the prospective European multi-center study (University of Düsseldorf) tried to establish the use-effectiveness (a sine qua non condition for its acceptance in Europe) of natural family planning. MATERIAL AND Methods: 84 participants provided data (sympto-thermal chart and related information) on 1,750 cycles where family planning intention was to avoid a pregnancy. The average age of the women was 32 years. A contraceptive method (mainly oral contraceptives) was employed previously by 61% of them. The sympto-thermal method used by the test group highlights the beginning and the end of the menstrual cycle's fertile period by a double check. As to the start of the fertile period, the criteria are: a calculation on the length of the previous twelve cycles and the first sign of mucus at either the vulva or the cervix. Indicators of the end of this phase are: the third day of high temperature and the fourth evening after either the peak mucus day or the peak cervix day. 75% of the women involved generally use the cervical auto-palpation.\n\nResults: No method failure at all has been detected. Two unplanned pregnancies occurred due to user failure. The total Pearl index for the study was 1.4. When examining only those cycles (85% of the reported cycles) where no protected sexual intercourse occurred during the fertile phase, practical efficacy of the method analysed was 1.8 according to Pearl index. Furthermore, taking into account protected and unprotected sexual intercourse occurred during the fertile phase, we observed that sexual abstinence was practised during the \"risk\" period of 75% of the cycles.\n\nConclusions: The results of this test study demonstrate the practical efficiency of a modern natural family planning method. The high level of cycles during which periodic abstinence was employed testify to the acceptability of the method used.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"27","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal De Gynecologie, Obstetrique Et Biologie De La Reproduction"}}},"pageStart":"174","pageEnd":"180","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sex-steroid-hormones-modulate-serum-ionized-magnesium-and-calcium-levels-through-rec12kaljhtsxakbm/","name":"Sex steroid hormones modulate serum ionized magnesium and calcium levels throughout the menstrual cycle in women","headline":"Sex steroid hormones modulate serum ionized magnesium and calcium levels throughout the menstrual cycle in women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sex-steroid-hormones-modulate-serum-ionized-magnesium-and-calcium-levels-through-rec12kaljhtsxakbm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ozgul Muneyyirci-Delale"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ozgul Muneyyirci‐Delale","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8042-8001","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"State University of New York","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01q1z8k08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B M Altura","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"State University of New York","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01q1z8k08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"O Muneyvirci-Delale","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"State University of New York, Health Science Center at Brooklyn, New York, New York 11203, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"V L Nacharaju","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"State University of New York","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01q1z8k08"}}],"datePublished":"1998-05-20","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine the serum concentrations of the sex steroid hormones with respect to the concentrations of the biologically active fractions of magnesium and calcium during the different phases of the menstrual cycle.\n\nDESIGN: Controlled clinical study.\n\nSETTING: An academic research environment.\n\nPATIENT(S): Six parous and four nulliparous healthy cycling female volunteers.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Concentrations of the sex steroid hormones estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone as well as the ionized Ca and Mg levels were measured in the serum of normal cycling women during five different stages: the menstrual, early follicular, late follicular, ovulatory (ovulatory/early luteal), and luteal phases.\n\nRESULT(S): In each woman, there was a comparatively high ionized Mg level coincident with the early follicular phase, a statistically significant decrease in ionized Mg around the time of ovulation, a significant decrease in ionized and total Mg when the serum progesterone concentration peaked, and a significant increase in the serum Ca2+/Mg2+ ratio at both the ovulatory and luteal phases. In addition, a decrease in ionized Mg was found with increased testosterone levels.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Healthy women of reproductive age demonstrate recurring cycling of ionized Mg and cyclic alterations in the ionized Ca to Mg ratio in their serum. The changes in serum concentrations of these important physiologically active cations, in the range at which they occur, can affect such entities as the vasculature, synaptic transmission, and excitation-secretion coupling and thus can produce the well-known premenstrual syndromes during the luteal phase in women who are somewhat deficient in Mg or in those who have an unusually increased Ca2+/Mg2+ ratio.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"69","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"958","pageEnd":"962","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(98)00053-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50888045"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(98)00053-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9591508"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50888045"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estradiol-and-progesterone-regulate-the-proliferation-of-human-breast-epithelial-recx7fb6svk7xy3oi/","name":"Estradiol and progesterone regulate the proliferation of human breast epithelial cells","headline":"Estradiol and progesterone regulate the proliferation of human breast epithelial cells","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estradiol-and-progesterone-regulate-the-proliferation-of-human-breast-epithelial-recx7fb6svk7xy3oi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Aude Béliard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9226-6484","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Liège","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00afp2z80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Colin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9292-2739","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Liège","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00afp2z80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bruno de Lignières","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05tr67282"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"X Denoo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Liège","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00afp2z80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Desreux","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05tr67282"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean-Michel Foidart","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8285-3573","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mithra Pharmaceuticals (Belgium)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02dvdxr58"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Fournier","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05tr67282"}}],"datePublished":"1998-05-20","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of estradiol and progesterone on the proliferation of normal human breast epithelial cells in vivo.\n\nDESIGN: Double-blind randomized study.\n\nSETTING: Departments of gynecology and of cell biology at a university hospital.\n\nPATIENT(S): Forty postmenopausal women with untreated menopause and documented plasma FSH levels of >30 mIU/mL and estradiol levels of <20 pg/mL.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Daily topical application to both breasts of a gel containing a placebo, estradiol, progesterone, or a combination of estradiol and progesterone during the 14 days preceding esthetic breast surgery or excision of a benign lesion.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Plasma and breast tissue concentrations of estradiol and progesterone. Epithelial cell cycles were evaluated in normal breast tissue by counting mitoses and performing quantitative proliferating cell nuclear antigen immunolabeling analyses.\n\nRESULT(S): Increasing the estradiol concentration enhanced the number of cycling epithelial cells, whereas increasing the progesterone concentration significantly limited the number of cycling epithelial cells.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Exposure to progesterone for 14 days reduced the estradiol-induced proliferation of normal breast epithelial cells in vivo.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"69","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"963","pageEnd":"969","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(98)00042-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74561308"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(98)00042-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9591509"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q74561308"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-changes-in-the-postpartum-and-implications-for-postpartum-depression-rec14aokoprya4pfu/","name":"Hormonal changes in the postpartum and implications for postpartum depression","headline":"Hormonal changes in the postpartum and implications for postpartum depression","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-changes-in-the-postpartum-and-implications-for-postpartum-depression-rec14aokoprya4pfu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"V Hendrick","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2364-7395","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UCLA Neuropsychiatric Institute and Hospital 90095-6968, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L L Altshuler","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"West Los Angeles College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00xqebk56"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Suri","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"West Los Angeles College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00xqebk56"}}],"datePublished":"1998-05-19","abstract":"The months following childbirth are a time of heightened vulnerability to depressive mood changes. Because of the abrupt and dramatic changes occurring in hormone levels after delivery, many studies have examined the role of hormonal factors in postpartum depression. The authors review the literature on potential hormonal etiologies in postpartum depression, in particular for progesterone, estrogen, prolactin, cortisol, oxytocin, thyroid, and vasopressin. While evidence for an etiologic role is lacking for most hormones, changes in certain hormonal axes may contribute to depressive mood changes in some women following childbirth.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"39","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Psychosomatics"}}},"pageStart":"93","pageEnd":"101","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/S0033-3182(98)71355-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74537319"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/S0033-3182(98)71355-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9584534"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q74537319"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-randomized-trial-of-nurse-intervention-to-reduce-preterm-and-low-birth-weight--recpvzdbagvynlbgn/","name":"A randomized trial of nurse intervention to reduce preterm and low birth weight births","headline":"A randomized trial of nurse intervention to reduce preterm and low birth weight births","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-randomized-trial-of-nurse-intervention-to-reduce-preterm-and-low-birth-weight--recpvzdbagvynlbgn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Moore","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wake Forest University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0207ad724"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J M Ernest"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paul J Meis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04v8djg66"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Terrell"},{"@type":"Person","name":"H B Wells"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D J Zaccaro"}],"datePublished":"1998-05-08","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To test the effect of telephone calls from registered nurses to low-income pregnant women on the rates of low birth weight (LBW) and preterm births.\n\nMETHODS: A total of 1554 women receiving prenatal care in a public clinic who met study criteria and who consented were assigned randomly to intervention and control groups. Women in the intervention group received telephone calls from a registered nurse, one or two times weekly from 24 weeks' through 37 weeks' gestation. Relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.\n\nRESULTS: Low birth weight rates were 10.9% in the intervention group and 14.0% in the control group (RR 0.75; 95% CI 0.55, 1.03; P = .072). For gestational age less than 37 weeks, rates were 9.7 in the intervention group and 11.0 in the control group (RR .87; 95% CI 0.62, 1.22; P = .415). In the subgroup of low-income black women 19 years of age and older, a statistically significant difference was found in preterm birth rates before 37 weeks (8.7% in the intervention group versus 15.4% in the controls [RR 0.56; 95% CI 0.38, 0.84; P = .004]).\n\nCONCLUSION: There was no difference in LBW or preterm births between intervention and control groups in the total sample. In a secondary analysis of black subjects 19 years of age and older, there was a significant difference in preterm birth rates.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"91","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5 Pt 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"656","pageEnd":"661","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(98)00012-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47290257"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0029-7844(98)00012-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9572206"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47290257"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/long-term-effects-of-percutaneous-estradiol-on-bone-loss-and-bone-metabolism-in--reccxvirvkrs7aok3/","name":"Long-term effects of percutaneous estradiol on bone loss and bone metabolism in postmenopausal hysterectomized women","headline":"Long-term effects of percutaneous estradiol on bone loss and bone metabolism in postmenopausal hysterectomized women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/long-term-effects-of-percutaneous-estradiol-on-bone-loss-and-bone-metabolism-in--reccxvirvkrs7aok3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Devogelaer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03s4khd80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Nagant De Deuxchaisnes","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03s4khd80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nagant De Deuxchaisnes C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"P De Nayer"},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Dupret"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Lecart"}],"datePublished":"1998-05-08","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine whether percutaneous estradiol (pE2) (1.5 mg/day) is able to counteract the postmenopausal bone loss in postmenopausal hysterectomized women, in a double-blind study versus oral estriol (E3) (2 mg/day).\n\nMETHODS: The bone mineral density of the lumbar spine (LS) and of the proximal femur (PF) was measured every 3 months by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry for 2 years in 43 hysterectomized postmenopausal women (21 in the E2 group and 22 in the E3 control group), and in a subset of patients for a 3rd year. The statistical analyses were performed on Macintosh using Stat View II.\n\nRESULTS: A significant bone loss of 1.2 (0.4%)% and of 1.3 (0.3)% per year was observed in the control group, respectively at LS and at PF, versus a significant gain of 1.2 (0.5)% per year in the treated group at the LS. No significant change at PF occurred in the treated group. In the 20 patients followed up for a 3rd year on pE2, an increase of 1.2 (0.9) and 2.5 (1.4)% at LS in the 12 former active group patients and the eight formerly control patients, respectively was seen. The same trend was observed at the proximal femur.\n\nCONCLUSION: pE2 (1.5 mg E2) is able to counteract the postmenopausal bone loss in hysterectomized women, whereas E3 (2 mg/day administered orally) is unable to maintain bone mass.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"28","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Maturitas"}}},"pageStart":"243","pageEnd":"249","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-5122(97)00081-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74508195"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0378-5122(97)00081-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9571600"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q74508195"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ureteral-endometriosis-diagnosed-at-ureteroscopy-rec4cepa2rqhelkjo/","name":"Ureteral endometriosis diagnosed at ureteroscopy","headline":"Ureteral endometriosis diagnosed at ureteroscopy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ureteral-endometriosis-diagnosed-at-ureteroscopy-rec4cepa2rqhelkjo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Gerardo Zanetta","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mayo Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J W Segura"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M J Webb"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Zanette","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Verona","sameAs":"https://ror.org/039bp8j42"}}],"datePublished":"1998-05-08","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Intrinsic ureteral endometriosis is rare. Early detection and treatment is extremely important to preserve renal function. CASE: A 37-year-old woman with right flank pain was diagnosed with a polypoid lesion at excretory urogram. The polyp was removed under ureteroscopy and was found to be endometriosis. Subsequent exploratory laparotomy and ureterolysis failed to document other foci of endometriosis. Resection of the ureter was not needed. She received medroxyprogesterone for 6 months, and a ureteral stent was left in place for 3 months postoperatively. Excretory urogram showed no obstruction 6 months postoperatively.\n\nCONCLUSION: This appears to be the first reported case of ureteral endometriosis documented initially at ureteroscopy. Prompt treatment may relieve symptoms and preserve renal function. Resection of the ureter may be avoided in some patients.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"91","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5 Pt 2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"857","pageEnd":"859","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(97)00435-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74509546"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0029-7844(97)00435-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9572191"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q74509546"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/allelotyping-of-endometriosis-with-adjacent-ovarian-carcinoma-reveals-evidence-o-rect0nvrxfuxnnptg/","name":"Allelotyping of endometriosis with adjacent ovarian carcinoma reveals evidence of a common lineage","headline":"Allelotyping of endometriosis with adjacent ovarian carcinoma reveals evidence of a common lineage","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/allelotyping-of-endometriosis-with-adjacent-ovarian-carcinoma-reveals-evidence-o-rect0nvrxfuxnnptg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Morland SJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hitchcock A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"I G Campbell"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jiang X","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6824-283X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"E J Thomas","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3674-3573","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southampton","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543"}}],"datePublished":"1998-05-01","abstract":"Endometriosis is a common gynecological disease in which tissue similar to the endometrium proliferates at sites outside the uterine cavity. Malignant transformation of endometriosis to endometrioid and clear cell ovarian carcinomas has been documented in histological studies, but no molecular genetic evidence exists to support that endometriosis is the clonal precursor of such malignancies. We examined 14 cases of endometriosis synchronous with ovarian cancer for loss of heterozygosity on 12 chromosome arms, X chromosome inactivation, and TP53 mutation to determine whether they shared genetic alterations. In all four of the cases where the carcinoma had arisen within endometriosis and in five of the seven cases where the carcinoma was adjacent to the endometriosis, common genetic lesions were detected, consistent with a common lineage. A TP53 mutation was also detected in one case of endometriosis adjacent to carcinoma. These findings support the numerous histological observations that endometrioid and clear cell ovarian carcinomas may arise through malignant transformation of endometriotic lesions.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"58","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cancer Research"}}},"pageStart":"1707","pageEnd":"1712","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relationship-of-reproductive-hormones-and-neuromuscular-disease-of-the-gastroint-reckayf8fmpspyo2p/","name":"Relationship of reproductive hormones and neuromuscular disease of the gastrointestinal tract","headline":"Relationship of reproductive hormones and neuromuscular disease of the gastrointestinal tract","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relationship-of-reproductive-hormones-and-neuromuscular-disease-of-the-gastroint-reckayf8fmpspyo2p/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"John R. Mathias","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6712-9466"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M H Clench","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016tfm930"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John Mathias","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1358-8021","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Woman's Hospital of Texas, 7600 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77054, USA."}}],"datePublished":"1998-04-29","abstract":"Functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract comprise a common but ill-defined group of diseases; they primarily afflict women. Although predominantly involving nerve and muscle, the cellular and molecular bases of the pathogenesis of these functional disorders are unknown. Clinical studies indicate that some result from neural dysfunction within the enteric nervous system, others may be due to muscular problems, and the causes of still others remain unknown. Laboratory studies have shown that ovarian products such as progesterone, luteinizing hormone, human chorionic gonadotropin, and relaxin (but not estrogen), are neural antagonists of gastrointestinal motility. The production and secretion of these ovarian substances are controlled by gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) released from the hypothalamus; they probably act on gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors and alter chloride influx into the cell. GnRH analogs are effective drugs that downmodulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and inhibit the secretion of gonadal products involved in such hormone-dependent diseases as endometriosis and prostate cancer. Acting on the GnRH receptors (seven transmembrane domain receptors) on myenteric neurons, GnRH analogs are also effective neural modulators in such disorders as functional bowel disease. These analogs are a promising new group of compounds that may be used to treat difficult gastrointestinal problems.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Digestive Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)"}}},"pageStart":"3","pageEnd":"13","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1159/000016844","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41741563"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1159/000016844"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9549032"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41741563"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/course-of-mood-and-anxiety-disorders-during-pregnancy-and-the-postpartum-period-recrlr1vr8vziyfqt/","name":"Course of mood and anxiety disorders during pregnancy and the postpartum period","headline":"Course of mood and anxiety disorders during pregnancy and the postpartum period","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/course-of-mood-and-anxiety-disorders-during-pregnancy-and-the-postpartum-period-recrlr1vr8vziyfqt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"L L Altshuler","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"West Los Angeles College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00xqebk56"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L S Cohen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0489-1093","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"V Hendrick","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2364-7395","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UCLA Neuropsychiatric Institute and Hospital 90095-6968, USA."}}],"datePublished":"1998-04-29","abstract":"Because the onset of mood and anxiety disorders often occurs during the childbearing years, many women may be taking psychotropic medications for these disorders when they conceive. These medications easily diffuse across the placenta, and their impact on the fetus is of concern. But discontinuation may lead to relapse, in which case psychiatric symptoms may affect the fetus. Thoughtful treatment planning presents a dilemma to the clinician. Limited data suggest heightened vulnerability to relapse of mood and anxiety disorders in women during the postpartum period. Pregnancy appears to exacerbate symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder, while panic disorder patients may remain well after discontinuing medication. Future studies should address the prevalence and relapse rates of mood and anxiety disorders, particularly after medication discontinuation, among pregnant women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"59 Suppl 2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry"}},"pageStart":"29","pageEnd":"33","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metformin-therapy-improves-the-menstrual-pattern-with-minimal-endocrine-and-meta-rec8mdhmps03i25h0/","name":"Metformin therapy improves the menstrual pattern with minimal endocrine and metabolic effects in women with polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"Metformin therapy improves the menstrual pattern with minimal endocrine and metabolic effects in women with polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metformin-therapy-improves-the-menstrual-pattern-with-minimal-endocrine-and-meta-rec8mdhmps03i25h0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Laure Morin‐Papunen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5987-7534","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oulu University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045ney286"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Riitta Koivunen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oulu University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045ney286"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hannu Martikainen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3821-4096","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oulu University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045ney286"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laure Morin-Papunen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2935-8332","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oulu University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Ostrobothnia, 90220 Oulu, Finland"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aimo Ruokonen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oulu University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045ney286"}}],"datePublished":"1998-04-21","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine the clinical, hormonal, and biochemical effects of 4-6 months of metformin therapy in obese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).\n\nDESIGN: Prospective study.\n\nSETTING: The Gynecological Endocrine Unit of University Central Hospital, Oulu, Finland.\n\nPATIENT(S): Twenty obese patients with PCOS.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Patients were treated with 0.5 g of metformin three times daily for 4-6 months.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Clinical symptoms, menstrual pattern, and hirsutism, as well as serum concentrations of sex steroids, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), gonadotropins, and lipids were assessed during the treatment.\n\nRESULT(S): Eleven women (68.8% of the women with menstrual disturbances) experienced more regular cycles during therapy. No changes in hirsutism, body mass index, or blood pressure occurred. The mean testosterone level was decreased significantly after 2 months of treatment but returned to the starting level by 4-6 months. Free testosterone levels decreased significantly during the treatment. There was no significant change in the levels of other sex steroids or lipids measured at 4-6 months of treatment.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Metformin therapy is well tolerated by the majority of patients and may be clinically useful, especially in obese patients with PCOS and menstrual disturbances.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"69","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"691","pageEnd":"696","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(98)00011-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50895589"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(98)00011-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9548159"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50895589"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/expression-of-gelatinase-b-by-trophoblast-cells-down-regulation-by-progesterone-reczxb6w4gotnwxzu/","name":"Expression of gelatinase B by trophoblast cells: down-regulation by progesterone","headline":"Expression of gelatinase B by trophoblast cells: down-regulation by progesterone","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/expression-of-gelatinase-b-by-trophoblast-cells-down-regulation-by-progesterone-reczxb6w4gotnwxzu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"D. Hochner‐Celnikier","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hadassah Academic College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bdv1r55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eyal Y. Anteby","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hadassah Academic College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bdv1r55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Simcha Yagel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1412-5862","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hadassah Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cqmqj90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Dushnik"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Hochner-Celnikier"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Hurwitz"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Shimonovitz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hadassah Academic College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bdv1r55"}}],"datePublished":"1998-04-16","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: It is now accepted that gelatinase B (92 kd type IV collagenase) is involved in blastocyst implantation and trophoblast invasion. However, little is known about the regulation of this enzyme at the fetomaternal interface. Progesterone has been demonstrated to inhibit gelatinase B secretion from endometrial cells, myometrium, and cervical fibroblasts. Interestingly, the promotor of gelatinase B contains a progesterone-responsive element that may explain transcriptional activation of this metalloproteinase by progesterone. It may be hypothesized that progesterone secreted from trophoblast cells, representing the fetal part of the fetomaternal interface, may have a role in the regulation of gelatinase secretion and blastocyst implantation.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: To this end, use was made of first-trimester trophoblast cells obtained from first-trimester pregnancy terminations. The trophoblast cells were separated by trypsin degradation and fractionation on Percoll gradients. Metalloproteinase activity was measured by zymography, and the expression of the gelatinase B messenger ribonucleic acid was determined by the solution hybridization/ribonuclease protection assay.\n\nRESULTS: Primary cell cultures of trophoblasts from first trimesters of pregnancy constitutively elaborated two species of type IV collagenases (gelatinase A and B) as assessed on a gelatin matrix. Treatment with progesterone decreased the accumulation of a gelatinase B species in a dose-dependent fashion. Administration of a progesterone receptor antagonist onapristone (ZK-98.299) neutralized the progesterone inhibitory effect on the gelatinase B in a dose-dependent fashion, thus supporting the presumption that the progesterone effect is receptor mediated. Progesterone significantly attenuated the expression of gelatinase B by trophoblast cells, an effect that was neutralized by ZK-98.299.\n\nCONCLUSION: These observations provide strong indirect support for the participation of progesterone in the regulation of gelatinase B in trophoblast cells. It may be an important regulator of gelatinase production at the fetomaternal interface.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"178","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"457","pageEnd":"461","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9378(98)70420-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52189065"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0002-9378(98)70420-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9539508"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q52189065"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/plasma-concentrations-of-progesterone-are-higher-in-the-uterine-artery-than-in-t-rectvbkrbbdc3asds/","name":"Plasma concentrations of progesterone are higher in the uterine artery than in the radial artery after vaginal administration of micronized progesterone in an oil-based solution to postmenopausal women","headline":"Plasma concentrations of progesterone are higher in the uterine artery than in the radial artery after vaginal administration of micronized progesterone in an oil-based solution to postmenopausal women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/plasma-concentrations-of-progesterone-are-higher-in-the-uterine-artery-than-in-t-rectvbkrbbdc3asds/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ettore Cicinelli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2390-4582","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Human Oncologic Science, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027ynra39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Romano","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7078-9479","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027ynra39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L M Schonauer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3374-5351","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027ynra39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N. Einer‐Jensen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027ynra39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Cignarelli","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027ynra39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Einer-Jensen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5425-8689"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Padovano","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027ynra39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Sabatelli","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027ynra39"}}],"datePublished":"1998-04-09","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To verify the occurrence of preferential distribution of vaginally administered progesterone to the uterus compared with extrapelvic regions in vivo and in humans.\n\nDESIGN: Prospective clinical study.\n\nSETTING: University medical school.\n\nPATIENT(S): Twenty postmenopausal women undergoing transabdominal hysterectomy for benign pathologies.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Forty-five minutes before surgery, the women received a single vaginal administration of an oil-based micronized progesterone (100 mg) solution currently available on the market for IM use. During the operation, parallel blood samples were drawn from the uterine and radial arteries.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Plasma levels of progesterone were measured by RIA.\n\nRESULT(S): Mean (+/- SD) plasma levels of progesterone were significantly higher in the uterine artery than in the radial artery (9.75 +/- 3.21 vs. 5.12 +/- 2.06 ng/mL, respectively).\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Vaginal administration allows a preferential distribution of progesterone to the uterus, which confirms the existence of the so-called \"first uterine pass effect.\"","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"69","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"471","pageEnd":"473","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(97)00545-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74413771"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(97)00545-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9531879"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q74413771"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/infertility-services-and-managed-care-recvqaunkob7eucqq/","name":"Infertility services and managed care","headline":"Infertility services and managed care","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/infertility-services-and-managed-care-recvqaunkob7eucqq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bron MS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Salmon JW"}],"datePublished":"1998-04-07","abstract":"The birth of the McCaughey septuplets in Iowa in November 1997 brought issues of fertility assistance and their potential outcomes to worldwide attention. This Pergonal-stimulated multiple pregnancy ended successfully, but not without health hurdles and economic consequences for the new siblings and their family. This article reviews the general situation surrounding infertility services and, within the current debate of epidemiological, economic, legal and social issues, posits that managed care may be able to make greater strides than the present fee-for-service system in providing more accessible and comprehensive care to the 5.3 million US citizens at risk for infertility. Our conclusions suggest that managed care plans for infertility can aid in assuring quality and decreasing unnecessary costs. Managed care organizations should take the lead in providing infertile couples with an organized, humanistic approach that is mindful of the attending social issues. On May 5, 1997, a US District court in Chicago ruled that infertility fits the definition of a disability, and thus is subject to the antidiscrimination enforcement under the Americans with Disabilities Act.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The American Journal of Managed Care"}}},"pageStart":"715","pageEnd":"720","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraception-and-other-factors-in-relation-to-hospital-referral-for-fracture-findings-in-a-large-cohort-study-recmk5tlt1wcvu5yh/","name":"Oral contraception and other factors in relation to hospital referral for fracture. Findings in a large cohort study","headline":"Oral contraception and other factors in relation to hospital referral for fracture. Findings in a large cohort study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraception-and-other-factors-in-relation-to-hospital-referral-for-fracture-findings-in-a-large-cohort-study-recmk5tlt1wcvu5yh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J Mant","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9531-0268"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Painter"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Vessey","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Primary Health Care","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03djtgh02"}}],"datePublished":"1998-04-01","abstract":"There is good evidence that estrogens and progestogens have an important effect on bone metabolism. This article explores the relationship between oral contraceptive (OC) use and fractures occurring at various sites among the 17,032 participants in the Oxford-Family Planning Association contraceptive study, which now includes information accumulated during 310,000 woman-years of observation between 1968 and 1994. In total, 1308 women suffered at least one fracture during the follow-up period, which was largely confined to premenopausal years. When all fractures were combined, there was a modest, but highly significant trend (p < 0.001) of increasing risk with total duration of oral contraceptive use. In addition, there was statistically significant heterogeneity (p < 0.01) when overall fracture rates were examined in relation to recency of oral contraceptive use during the premenopausal lifespan. The highest relative risk (1.3, 95% CI 1.1-1.5) was for current or recent oral contraceptive users; however, viewed as a whole, no clear pattern of risk was apparent. Examination of the data for individual fracture sites (including the lower end of the radius/ulna) did not provide any evidence of a protective effect of oral contraceptive use. These results are closely similar to those reported from the Royal College of General Practitioners Oral Contraception Study in 1993. Estrogens and progestogens have an important effect on bone metabolism. The present study explored the relationship between oral contraceptive (OC) use and bone fractures in the cohort of 17,032 English and Scottish participants in the Oxford-Family Planning Association contraceptive study (1968-94). The analysis was based on the calculation of woman-years of observation terminated by referral for fracture or release from follow-up due to death, emigration, or short-term pill users reaching age 45 years. A total of 1308 women experienced at least one fracture during 310,000 woman-years of observation and there was a significant (p 0.001) positive relationship between age and fracture risk. Most common were fractures of the radius/ulna, tarsal/metatarsal bones, and ankle. When all fractures were combined, there was a significant (p 0.001) increasing risk with total duration of OC use. Also observed was a significant (p 0.01) heterogeneity when overall fracture rates were examined in relation to recency of OC use during the premenopausal lifespan. The highest relative risk (1.3; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-1.5) was recorded among current or recent OC users. There was about a 20% increase in the overall risk of fracture in women who had used OCs at any time compared with never-users. Overall, however, no clear pattern of risk emerged. These results are similar to those reported in the 1993 Royal College of General Practitioners OC Study. It is assumed that the increased fracture risk in OC users results from life-style characteristics of such women rather than a direct effect of OCs on bone.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"57","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"231","pageEnd":"235","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0010-7824(98)00026-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38502513"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0010-7824(98)00026-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9649913"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38502513"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/salpingitis-isthmica-nodosa-technical-success-and-outcome-of-fluoroscopic-transc-recwnarpg9j0cotde/","name":"Salpingitis isthmica nodosa: technical success and outcome of fluoroscopic transcervical fallopian tube recanalization","headline":"Salpingitis isthmica nodosa: technical success and outcome of fluoroscopic transcervical fallopian tube recanalization","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/salpingitis-isthmica-nodosa-technical-success-and-outcome-of-fluoroscopic-transc-recwnarpg9j0cotde/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J G Houston","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9786-7975","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Radiology, University Site, Vancouver Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lindsay Machan"}],"datePublished":"1998-03-28","abstract":"PURPOSE: To evaluate the technical success and outcome of fallopian tube recanalization (FTR) in salpingitis isthmica nodosa (SIN).\n\nMETHODS: SIN is a well-recognized pathological condition affecting the proximal fallopian tube and is associated with infertility and ectopic pregnancy. We reviewed the presentations, films, and case records of all patients attending for FTR for infertility from 1990 to 1994. Technical success and total, intrauterine, and ectopic pregnancy rates at follow-up were determined.\n\nRESULTS: SIN was observed in 22 of 349 (6%) patients. FTR was attempted in 34 tubes in these 22 patients. Technical success was achieved in 23 of 34 (68%) tubes affected by SIN. In 5 of the 11 failed recanalizations, failure was due to distal obstruction. At least one tube was patent on selective postprocedural salpingography in 17 of 22 (77%) patients. There were no recorded perforations or complications. At follow-up (mean 14 months), total, intrauterine, and ectopic pregnancy rates were 23%, 18%, and 4.5%, respectively.\n\nCONCLUSION: FTR in SIN is technically successful and, compared with previously reported results in unselected infertility patients, is associated with only a slightly less favorable intrauterine pregnancy rate and a comparable ectopic pregnancy rate. The findings of SIN at FTR should not discourage attempted fluoroscopic transcervical recanalization.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology"}}},"pageStart":"31","pageEnd":"35","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/s002709900207","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55067380"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/s002709900207"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9473543"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q55067380"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/motherhood-at-any-age-egg-donation-was-not-intended-for-everyone-recqckqwurzizgfm0/","name":"Motherhood at any age? Egg donation was not intended for everyone","headline":"Motherhood at any age? Egg donation was not intended for everyone","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/motherhood-at-any-age-egg-donation-was-not-intended-for-everyone-recqckqwurzizgfm0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M V Sauer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8173-6340","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172"}}],"datePublished":"1998-03-13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"69","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"187","pageEnd":"188","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(97)00546-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48944842"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(97)00546-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9496326"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q48944842"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/impaired-fecundity-in-the-united-states-1982-1995-rectgelcmhyodf7ep/","name":"Impaired fecundity in the United States: 1982-1995","headline":"Impaired fecundity in the United States: 1982-1995","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/impaired-fecundity-in-the-united-states-1982-1995-rectgelcmhyodf7ep/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A Chandra","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6502-7173","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Health Statistics","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03p15s250"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E H Stephen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4018-6412","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}}],"datePublished":"1998-03-12","abstract":"CONTEXT: The 1995 National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG) provides new nationally representative data to test the accuracy of the commonly held assumption that impaired fecundity has been rising in the United States over the past decade.\n\nMETHODS: Using data from the 1982, 1988 and 1995 rounds of the NSFG, trends in both the proportions and numbers of women with impaired fecundity and of those who received infertility services were examined. Multiple logistic regressions were carried out to estimate the effects of demographic characteristics on the likelihood of currently having impaired fecundity and of ever having received medical help for infertility.\n\nRESULTS: The proportion of U.S. women aged 15-44 who reported some form of fecundity impairment rose from 8% in 1982 and 1988 to 10% in 1995, an increase in absolute numbers from 4.6 million to 6.2 million women. Although the proportion of fecundity-impaired women who had ever sought medical help did not change between 1988 and 1995 (44%), the absolute numbers of such women grew by nearly 30%, from 2.1 million to 2.7 million. Women who had ever sought help for fertility problems were older and had a higher income than those who had not, and were more likely to be married.\n\nCONCLUSION: The dramatic increase in the numbers of U.S. women with impaired fecundity occurred because the large baby-boom cohort, many of whom delayed childbearing, had reached their later and less fecund reproductive years. This increase in both rates and numbers occurred across almost all age, parity, marital status, education, income, and race and ethnicity subgroups.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"30","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Family Planning Perspectives"}}},"pageStart":"34","pageEnd":"42","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/transrectal-ultrasonography-in-the-assessment-of-rectovaginal-endometriosis-rectpv6mou7kg4uvr/","name":"Transrectal ultrasonography in the assessment of rectovaginal endometriosis","headline":"Transrectal ultrasonography in the assessment of rectovaginal endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/transrectal-ultrasonography-in-the-assessment-of-rectovaginal-endometriosis-rectpv6mou7kg4uvr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Luigi Fedele","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6297-7165","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016zn0y21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Bianchi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9899-3439","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Milan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wjc7c48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Borruto"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Dorta","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6961-8499"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Portuese"}],"datePublished":"1998-03-10","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the validity of transrectal ultrasonography in the assessment of rectovaginal endometriosis.\n\nMETHODS: We compared the findings of transrectal ultrasonographic examination performed before surgery with the operative and pathologic findings in 140 women who underwent laparoscopy or laparotomy for suspected endometriosis. The ultrasonographer was asked to investigate whether any deep endometriotic lesions were present in the rectovaginal septum and to define the lateral extension on the basis of involvement of the uterosacral ligaments. In addition, infiltration of the rectal and vaginal walls was evaluated.\n\nRESULTS: Thirty-four women had endometriosis infiltrating the rectovaginal septum confirmed by combined operative and pathologic findings. Ultrasonography showed a sensitivity and specificity of 97% and 96%, respectively, in the diagnosis of the presence of rectovaginal endometriosis. The sonographer identified infiltration of the rectal and vaginal walls correctly in all cases in whom it was present, but also reported rectal infiltration in three cases not confirmed by the surgeon and pathologist. The sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of uterosacral ligament infiltration were 80% and 97%, respectively.\n\nCONCLUSION: If our preliminary results are confirmed by a larger series, transrectal ultrasonography will be considered a valid diagnostic tool in the evaluation of rectovaginal endometriosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"91","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"444","pageEnd":"448","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(97)00688-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74277399"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0029-7844(97)00688-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9491875"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q74277399"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-preterm-prediction-study-the-value-of-new-vs-standard-risk-factors-in-predic-reclve3dgiyvvkcbe/","name":"The preterm prediction study: the value of new vs standard risk factors in predicting early and all spontaneous preterm births. NICHD MFMU Network","headline":"The preterm prediction study: the value of new vs standard risk factors in predicting early and all spontaneous preterm births. NICHD MFMU Network","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-preterm-prediction-study-the-value-of-new-vs-standard-risk-factors-in-predic-reclve3dgiyvvkcbe/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R L Goldenberg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1283-8340","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008s83205"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jay D Iams","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7116-9004","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Ohio State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B M Mercer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Case Western Reserve University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/051fd9666"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Atef H Moawad","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Chicago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Das","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3170-2606","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008s83205"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Thom","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1395-3527","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"George Washington University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00y4zzh67"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Steve N Caritis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2169-0712","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pittsburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S F Bottoms","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hutzel Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02paek818"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R L Copper","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alabama","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xrrjk67"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Johnson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1120-6664","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Ohio State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D McNellis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paul J Meis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04v8djg66"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Menachem Miodovnik","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G R Thurnau","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oklahoma","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02aqsxs83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Van Dorsten","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7317-9893","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical University of South Carolina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012jban78"}}],"datePublished":"1998-03-10","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: This study was undertaken to determine the relationship between fetal fibronectin, short cervix, bacterial vaginosis, other traditional risk factors, and spontaneous preterm birth.\n\nMETHODS: From 1992 through 1994, 2929 women were screened at the gestational age 22 to 24 weeks.\n\nRESULTS: The odds ratios for spontaneous preterm birth were highest for fetal fibronectin, followed by a short cervix and history of preterm birth. These factors, as well as bacterial vaginosis, were more strongly associated with early than with late spontaneous preterm birth. Bacterial vaginosis was more common--and a stronger predictor of spontaneous preterm birth--in Black women, while body mass index less than 19.8 was a stronger predictor in non-Black women. This analysis suggests a pathway leading from Black race through bacterial vaginosis and fetal fibronectin to spontaneous preterm birth. Prior preterm birth is associated with spontaneous preterm birth through a short cervix.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Fetal fibronectin and a short cervix are stronger predictors of spontaneous preterm birth than traditional risk factors. Bacterial vaginosis was found more often in Black than in non-Black women and accounted for 40% of the attributable risk for spontaneous preterm birth at less than 32 weeks.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"88","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Public Health"}}},"pageStart":"233","pageEnd":"238","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.2105/ajph.88.2.233","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24551159"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2105/ajph.88.2.233"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9491013"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q24551159"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevalence-of-ovarian-endometriosis-in-epithelial-ovarian-cancer-rec1emfepk6di1huz/","name":"Prevalence of ovarian endometriosis in epithelial ovarian cancer","headline":"Prevalence of ovarian endometriosis in epithelial ovarian cancer","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevalence-of-ovarian-endometriosis-in-epithelial-ovarian-cancer-rec1emfepk6di1huz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"H Yoshikawa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6673-7924","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Tokyo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Onda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9935-3783","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Tokyo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Sakamoto","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4178-8661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Tokyo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y Taketani","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6424-3579","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Tokyo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Jimbo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Tokyo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Yasugi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Tokyo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96"}}],"datePublished":"1998-03-05","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to examine the occurrence of ovarian endometriosis in epithelial ovarian cancer in Japan.\n\nMETHOD: The presence of ovarian endometriosis was determined by reviewing the sections of resected specimens in 172 epithelial ovarian cancers.\n\nRESULTS: The incidence of ovarian endometriosis in ovarian cancer (14.5%) was higher than that in Western countries. The rank order of incidence of endometriosis in each histologic type was clear cell (40.6%)>endometrioid (23.1%)>serous (8.7%)>mucinous (2.9%). The incidence in serous type was higher when compared with that reported in Western countries. The higher incidence of endometriosis in Japan can be explained by a greater proportion of clear cell type, comprising 18.6% of all the cases and a higher incidence of endometriosis in the serous type.\n\nCONCLUSION: The association of ovarian endometriosis with epithelial ovarian cancer was more frequently found in Japan.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"59","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: the Official Organ of the  International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics"}}},"pageStart":"245","pageEnd":"250","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0020-7292(97)00238-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74256318"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0020-7292(97)00238-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9486515"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q74256318"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/accuracy-of-the-ovulon-fertility-monitor-to-predict-and-detect-ovulation-recgelcdpdog8jo86/","name":"Accuracy of the Ovulon fertility monitor to predict and detect ovulation","headline":"Accuracy of the Ovulon fertility monitor to predict and detect ovulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/accuracy-of-the-ovulon-fertility-monitor-to-predict-and-detect-ovulation-recgelcdpdog8jo86/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W D Schlaff"}],"datePublished":"1998-03-04","abstract":"The purpose of this pilot study was to correlate the three biologic markers of the Ovulon fertility monitor (a long-term predictive peak about 6 days before ovulation, a short-term predictive peak about 1 day before ovulation, and a nadir at the time of ovulation) with the peak in cervical mucus and the luteinizing hormone (LH) surge in the urine. Ten volunteer subjects (mean age 30.2 years) monitored their cervical-vaginal mucus, the surge of LH in the urine with a home assay test, and their vaginal electrical readings (with Ovulon monitors) on a daily basis for one to four menstrual cycles. In 19 of the 21 cycles that indicated a LH surge, there was a strong positive correlation between the LH surge and the peak of cervical-vaginal mucus (r = 0.96, P < or = .01), and between the LH surge and both the Ovulon nadir and Ovulon short-term predictive peak (r = 0.84, P < or = .01), and a modest positive correlation between the long-term Ovulon predictive peak and the LH surge (r = 0.62, P < or = .01). The time of optimal fertility as determined by the peak in cervical mucus, the LH surge, and the Ovulon was similar. The Ovulon has potential as a reusable device to help women determine their fertile period.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"43","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of nurse-midwifery"}}},"pageStart":"117","pageEnd":"120","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0091-2182(97)00151-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74528944"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0091-2182(97)00151-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9581098"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q74528944"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hcg-its-free-subunits-and-its-metabolites-roles-in-pregnancy-and-trophoblastic-d-recdkbltvatfe2lec/","name":"hCG, its free subunits and its metabolites. Roles in pregnancy and trophoblastic disease","headline":"hCG, its free subunits and its metabolites. Roles in pregnancy and trophoblastic disease","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hcg-its-free-subunits-and-its-metabolites-roles-in-pregnancy-and-trophoblastic-d-recdkbltvatfe2lec/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Cole LA"}],"datePublished":"1998-02-25","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To examine the structure and metabolism of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and the effect of molecular heterogeneity on the immunodiagnosis and monitoring of gestational trophoblastic disease.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: A review of the current medical literature concerning measurement of hCG and hCG-related molecules.\n\nRESULTS: hCG molecules in gestational trophoblastic disease are more heterogeneous or degraded in serum and urine samples than in normal pregnancy.\n\nCONCLUSION: Appropriate measurement and monitoring of hCG levels in gestational trophoblastic disease require an understanding of hCG structure and metabolism.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"43","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"3","pageEnd":"10","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/role-of-opioid-tone-in-the-pathophysiology-of-hyperinsulinemia-and-insulin-resis-recfb4yfoebtrzjoa/","name":"Role of opioid tone in the pathophysiology of hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance in polycystic ovarian disease","headline":"Role of opioid tone in the pathophysiology of hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance in polycystic ovarian disease","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/role-of-opioid-tone-in-the-pathophysiology-of-hyperinsulinemia-and-insulin-resis-recfb4yfoebtrzjoa/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Maria Fulghesu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8116-3968","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maurizio Guido","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3812-7771","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of L'Aquila","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01j9p1r26"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Caruso","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4922-2256","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonio Lanzone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4119-414X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oasi Maria SS","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dqmaq38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mario Ciampelli","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Mancuso","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1752-3986","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Murgia","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}}],"datePublished":"1998-02-24","abstract":"Hyperinsulinemia secondary to a poorly characterized disorder of insulin action is a feature of polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD). On the other hand, being generally admitted that opioids may play a role in glycoregulation and that opioid tone is altered in PCOD, an involvement of the opioids in determining the hyperinsulinemia of PCOD patients could be suggested. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a chronic opioid blockade on insulin metabolism and peripheral insulin sensitivity in PCOD hyperinsulinemic patients. Twenty-three women with PCOD were studied. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and a clamp study were performed at baseline (during the follicular phase) and after 6 weeks of naltrexone administration (50 mg/d orally). Based on the insulinemic response to the OGTT, 16 women were classified as hyperinsulinemic and seven as normoinsulinemic. Naltrexone treatment significantly reduced fasting (P < .05) and area under the curve (AUC) (P < .02) plasma insulin levels only in the hyperinsulinemic group. Moreover, hyperinsulinemic patients showed similar C-peptide incremental areas after naltrexone treatment, whereas in the same patients the fractional hepatic insulin extraction calculated from the incremental areas of insulin and C-peptide was found to be increased after chronic opioid blockade by naltrexone. For peripheral insulin sensitivity, the hyperinsulinemic group showed significantly lower (P < .01) total-body glucose utilization (M) compared with the normoinsulinemic group. No change in the M value was found after treatment in both groups. These data suggest that the insulin sensitivity and hyperinsulinemia after an OGTT are two distinct deranged features of the insulin disorder of PCOD patients.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"47","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental"}}},"pageStart":"158","pageEnd":"162","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0026-0495(98)90213-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44347952"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0026-0495(98)90213-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9472963"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44347952"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/maternal-serum-interleukin-6-concentration-as-a-marker-for-impending-preterm-del-recfzfk03nmxrrxtd/","name":"Maternal serum interleukin-6 concentration as a marker for impending preterm delivery","headline":"Maternal serum interleukin-6 concentration as a marker for impending preterm delivery","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/maternal-serum-interleukin-6-concentration-as-a-marker-for-impending-preterm-del-recfzfk03nmxrrxtd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Amy Murtha","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4682-215X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duke Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03njmea73"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P C Greig"},{"@type":"Person","name":"W N Herbert"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C E Jimmerson"}],"datePublished":"1998-02-20","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum interleukin-6 concentrations predict impending preterm delivery.\n\nMETHODS: Blood samples were collected from 130 gravidas at 22-34 weeks' gestation. The study group consisted of 89 women evaluated for preterm contractions or premature rupture of membranes, and these women were compared with 41 outpatient controls without evidence of labor or infection, chosen by clinicians at the time of routine prenatal visits. Serum interleukin-6 concentrations were measured using a specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Analyses were by the Mann-Whitney U and the Kruskal-Wallis tests.\n\nRESULTS: All 41 control subjects had serum interleukin-6 concentrations less than 8 pg/mL. Sixteen of the 89 study patients had serum interleukin-6 concentrations greater than or equal to 8 pg/mL and 73 had values less than 8 pg/mL. When the serum interleukin-6 concentration was at least 8 pg/mL, the median interval from collection to delivery was significantly shorter than that among study and control subjects with serum interleukin-6 less than 8 pg/mL (5.5 versus 240 and 1801 hours, respectively; P < .001). The median gestational age at delivery was significantly lower when the serum interleukin-6 concentration was at least 8 pg/mL, compared with study and control subjects with serum interleukin-6 concentrations less than 8 pg/mL (29.6 versus 33.4 and 39.0 weeks, respectively; P < .001). In patients with preterm contractions, the interval from collection to delivery was significantly shorter when the serum interleukin-6 concentration was at least 8 pg/mL than when it was less than 8 pg/mL (3 versus 600 hours, P < .001). Similarly, the median gestational age at delivery was significantly lower when serum interleukin-6 was at least 8 pg/mL (29.0 versus 36.1 weeks, P < .001).\n\nCONCLUSION: Maternal serum interleukin-6 concentrations appear to be elevated in women destined to deliver prematurely. Measurement of this cytokine may prove useful in treating patients at high risk for preterm delivery.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"91","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"161","pageEnd":"164","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(97)00602-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74195081"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0029-7844(97)00602-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9469268"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q74195081"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/expression-of-alpha6-and-beta4-integrin-subunits-on-human-endometrium-throughout-recrcyfognug22qgd/","name":"Expression of alpha6 and beta4 integrin subunits on human endometrium throughout the menstrual cycle and during early pregnancy","headline":"Expression of alpha6 and beta4 integrin subunits on human endometrium throughout the menstrual cycle and during early pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/expression-of-alpha6-and-beta4-integrin-subunits-on-human-endometrium-throughout-recrcyfognug22qgd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"G Bartoloni","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Catania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Cordaro","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Catania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Lanteri","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Catania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Montoneri","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Catania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Pistritto","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Catania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Stivala","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Catania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57"}}],"datePublished":"1998-02-11","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the expression of alpha6 and beta4 integrin subunits on surface and glandular endometrium throughout the menstrual cycle and during early pregnancy.\n\nSETTING: Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.\n\nPATIENT(S): Thirty-two women. Nineteen of the women regularly menstruated in different phases of the cycle, and 13 were in the sixth to ninth week of gestation and required voluntary abortion.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Endometrial specimens collected during endometrial biopsy, hysterectomy, or voluntary abortion.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Immunohistochemical staining for alpha6 and beta4 integrin subunits in endometrial tissues.\n\nRESULT(S): Both subunits (poorly expressed in preimplantation days) reached a significant peak on the endometrial surface during the implantation window, which tended to disappear in the postimplantation phase. On glandular endometrium they exhibited an opposite trend, showing high levels in the preimplantation and postimplantation days, whereas their expression decreased during the implantation window. The two subunits tended to disappear in early pregnancy.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): alpha6 and beta4 integrin subunits are uniformly distributed and highly expressed on the endometrial surface during the implantation window; they decreased dramatically in the postimplantation phase. These results could suggest involvement of integrin-extracellular matrix components in blastocyst-endometrium interaction during the early stages of implantation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"69","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"37","pageEnd":"40","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(97)00434-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74150209"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(97)00434-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9457929"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q74150209"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/premenopausal-ovariectomy-related-bone-loss-a-randomized-double-blind-one-year-t-recangbdfxmbhkbsi/","name":"Premenopausal ovariectomy-related bone loss: a randomized, double-blind, one-year  trial of conjugated estrogen or medroxyprogesterone acetate","headline":"Premenopausal ovariectomy-related bone loss: a randomized, double-blind, one-year  trial of conjugated estrogen or medroxyprogesterone acetate","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/premenopausal-ovariectomy-related-bone-loss-a-randomized-double-blind-one-year-t-recangbdfxmbhkbsi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J D Wark","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2431-7902","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Royal Melbourne Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/005bvs909"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David W. Eyre","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5095-6367"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D K Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8549-5437","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P R Ebeling","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2921-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Royal Melbourne Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/005bvs909"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Atley","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Melbourne","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brian C Lentle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6433-0509","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of RadiologyUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y M Vigna","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8840-192X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"1998-02-07","abstract":"The purpose of this study was to contrast the effects of conventional estrogen treatment with medroxyprogesterone on cancellous and cortical bone change in the first year following premenopausal ovariectomy. This 1-year double-blind randomized therapy trial was stratified by osteoporosis family history and performed in an academic medical center and community hospitals. Premenopausal women 45 +/- 5 years old, postovariectomy for benign diseases were provided 600 mg/day of calcium and randomized to daily therapy with conjugated equine estrogen (CEE, 0.6 mg) or medroxyprogesterone (MPA, 10 mg). The primary outcome variable was spinal quantitative computed tomography (QCT) bone density change over 1 year with additional outcomes of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) of proximal femur (FN), whole body (WB), and spine segment (WBS) and N-telopeptide, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, and other bone marker, hormonal, and weight changes. Results in the 33 women completing the study, whose initial bone densities were normal (QCT 133 mg/cm3, femoral neck 0.94 g/cm2, whole body DXA 1.13 g/cm2), showed annual QCT loss during CEE therapy of -11.5 mg/cm3 (p < 0.0007) and MPA bone loss of -19.7 mg/cm3 (p < 0.0001). Losses were marginally greater on MPA than CEE (p = 0.04). Extremely high postovariectomy (5 days) and pretreatment resorption markers (> 3 SD above premenopausal normal levels) were significantly related to bone loss. Across the year, resorption decreased during CEE but increased on MPA treatment. Significant DXA bone losses were prevented by CEE treatment (-1.4% FN, -.4% WB, and -1.5% WBS, all NS). However, DXA bone loss was not prevented by MPA treatment (-5% FN, -2.8% WB, and -6.1% WBS, all p < 0.03). Average weight gain was significant (+ 3.2 +/- 4.0 kg) and greater on CEE than MPA (+ 4.7 vs. + 2.0 kg, p = 0.049). In conclusion, CEE therapy did not prevent significant 8% cancellous spinal bone loss in the first year following premenopausal ovariectomy, despite supplementation with 600 mg/day of calcium, good control of vasomotor symptoms, and nearly 5 kg of gain in weight. Significant DXA bone loss, however, was prevented by CEE, but not by MPA therapy. These unexpected results were statistically related to high bone resorption following ovariectomy, which CEE suppressed but MPA did not. Bone formation markers increased during MPA therapy but were unchanged during CEE therapy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Bone and Mineral Research : the Official Journal of the American  Society for Bone and Mineral Research"}}},"pageStart":"1851","pageEnd":"1863","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1359/jbmr.1997.12.11.1851","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50626593"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1359/jbmr.1997.12.11.1851"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9383690"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50626593"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/womens-interest-in-natural-family-planning-recvnwixy0stsyxwf/","name":"Women's interest in natural family planning","headline":"Women's interest in natural family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/womens-interest-in-natural-family-planning-recvnwixy0stsyxwf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J C Lemaire","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f54p054"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P B Thurman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f54p054"}}],"datePublished":"1998-02-06","abstract":"BACKGROUND: In the United States, approximately 4% of women of reproductive age use natural family planning (NFP) to avoid pregnancy. It is unclear whether this low number is related to a lack of available information, women's lack of interest, or other factors. Our study examined women's interest in using NFP either to become pregnant or to avoid it.\n\nMETHODS: A questionnaire was mailed to 1500 women, aged 18 to 50, who were randomly selected from driver's license renewal records in Missouri for the year beginning July 1991 and ending June 1992.\n\nRESULTS: Of the 747 returned questionnaires, 484 were from women who were still potentially fertile. Of these women, 22.5% indicated that they would be likely or very likely to use NFP in the future to avoid pregnancy, and 37.4% indicated that they would be likely or very likely to use NFP in the future to become pregnant. Only 2.8% were currently using a method of NFP. Past use of any method of NFP (including the outdated calendar rhythm method) to avoid pregnancy was associated with interest in future use of modern methods of NFP to avoid pregnancy. Past use of NFP to become pregnant and the possible desire for future pregnancy were associated with interest in future use of NFP to conceive.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Many women who are not currently using NFP indicated that they are interested in doing so in the future, either to avoid pregnancy or to conceive. Interest in future use of NFP is associated with, but not limited to, those who have previously used NFP.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"46","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Family Practice"}}},"pageStart":"65","pageEnd":"71","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/neonatal-assessment-of-babies-conceived-by-in-vitro-fertilization-reckrfk0rh0q99tx4/","name":"Neonatal assessment of babies conceived by in vitro fertilization","headline":"Neonatal assessment of babies conceived by in vitro fertilization","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/neonatal-assessment-of-babies-conceived-by-in-vitro-fertilization-reckrfk0rh0q99tx4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Fisch B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Harel L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pinkas H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ovadia J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tadir Y"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Merlob P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Amit S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3542-9797","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Parul University"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kaplan B","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7620-4227"}],"datePublished":"1998-02-03","abstract":"PROBLEM: Neonatal outcome of in vitro fertilization (IVF) pregnancies has been described by different authors, but several issues have yet to be resolved. The aim of the present study was to evaluate neonates conceived in vitro and to direct special attention to neonatal morbidity and prevalence of minor abnormalities. The information that has been accumulated so far is scant.\n\nMETHOD: The first 100 babies conceived in vitro, and subsequently born in our institute, were investigated and compared with the general, spontaneously conceived newborn population. All infants were examined by a senior neonatologist, and the data that were recorded included gestational age at delivery, birth weight, gender, major malformations, minor congenital abnormalities, neonatal mortality, and neonatal morbidity (including asphyxia, jaundice, meconium aspiration, hypoglycemia, and hypocalcemia).\n\nRESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The data indicate that the IVF neonates assessed had a higher rate of low birth weight (37%), twinning (30%), and preterm birth (20%) in comparison with the general reference population (p < 0.05). However, no differences were encountered either in the rate of small for gestational age infants or the incidence of major malformations and minor abnormalities between these groups of newborns. The overall neonatal morbidity in IVF babies was found to exceed that of the general population. Nevertheless, at birth, there were no clinical pathognomonic signs typical of IVF babies, although more detailed metabolic, endocrine, and neurobehavioral studies are still required to confirm that newborns conceived in vitro do not differ from those conceived spontaneously in any of these respects.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Perinatology : Official Journal of the California Perinatal  Association"}}},"pageStart":"473","pageEnd":"476","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/design-of-the-womens-health-initiative-clinical-trial-and-observational-study-the-womens-health-initiative-study-group-recrgifmr794dxoad/","name":"Design of the Women's Health Initiative clinical trial and observational study. The Women's Health Initiative Study Group","headline":"Design of the Women's Health Initiative clinical trial and observational study. The Women's Health Initiative Study Group","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/design-of-the-womens-health-initiative-clinical-trial-and-observational-study-the-womens-health-initiative-study-group-recrgifmr794dxoad/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Women's Health Initiative Study Group"}],"datePublished":"1998-02-01","abstract":"The Women's Health Initiative (WHI) is a large and complex clinical investigation of strategies for the prevention and control of some of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality among postmenopausal women, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, and osteoporotic fractures. The WHI was initiated in 1992, with a planned completion date of 2007. Postmenopausal women ranging in age from 50 to 79 are enrolled at one of 40 WHI clinical centers nationwide into either a clinical trial (CT) that will include about 64,500 women or an observational study (OS) that will include about 100,000 women. The CT is designed to allow randomized controlled evaluation of three distinct interventions: a low-fat eating pattern, hypothesized to prevent breast cancer and colorectal cancer and, secondarily, coronary heart disease; hormone replacement therapy, hypothesized to reduce the risk of coronary heart disease and other cardiovascular diseases and, secondarily, to reduce the risk of hip and other fractures, with increased breast cancer risk as a possible adverse outcome; and calcium and vitamin D supplementation, hypothesized to prevent hip fractures and, secondarily, other fractures and colorectal cancer. Overall benefit-versus-risk assessment is a central focus in each of the three CT components. Women are screened for participation in one or both of the components--dietary modification (DM) or hormone replacement therapy (HRT)--of the CT, which will randomize 48,000 and 27,500 women, respectively. Women who prove to be ineligible for, or who are unwilling to enroll in, these CT components are invited to enroll in the OS. At their 1-year anniversary of randomization, CT women are invited to be further randomized into the calcium and vitamin D (CaD) trial component, which is projected to include 45,000 women. The average follow-up for women in either CT or OS is approximately 9 years. Concerted efforts are made to enroll women of racial and ethnic minority groups, with a target of 20% of overall enrollment in both the CT and OS. This article gives a brief description of the rationale for the interventions being studied in each of the CT components and for the inclusion of the OS component. Some detail is provided on specific study design choices, including eligibility criteria, recruitment strategy, and sample size, with attention to the partial factorial design of the CT. Some aspects of the CT monitoring approach are also outlined. The scientific and logistic complexity of the WHI implies particular leadership and management challenges. The WHI organization and committee structure employed to respond to these challenges is also briefly described.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Control Clin Trials"}}},"pageStart":"61","pageEnd":"109","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0197-2456(97)00078-0","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0197-2456(97)00078-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9492970"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/differential-behavioral-effects-of-gonadal-steroids-in-women-with-and-in-those-w-recfe6ymcq6mpyj7c/","name":"Differential behavioral effects of gonadal steroids in women with and in those without premenstrual syndrome","headline":"Differential behavioral effects of gonadal steroids in women with and in those without premenstrual syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/differential-behavioral-effects-of-gonadal-steroids-in-women-with-and-in-those-w-recfe6ymcq6mpyj7c/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"P J Schmidt","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6565-0181","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Behavioral Endocrinology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1276, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L K Nieman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0534-8025","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Health and Human Development (2HD) Research Network","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05asga947"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Merry A. Danaceau","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Clinical Research (United States)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05fnzzk18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D R Rubinow","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0815-2263","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04xeg9z08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L F Adams"}],"datePublished":"1998-01-22","abstract":"BACKGROUND: The symptoms of women with premenstrual syndrome improve in response to suppression of ovarian function, although these women have no evidence of ovarian dysfunction. We undertook a study to determine the role of estrogen and progesterone in this syndrome.\n\nMETHODS: We first studied the effect of ovarian suppression with leuprolide, an agonist analogue of gonadotropin-releasing hormone, or placebo on symptoms in 20 women with the premenstrual syndrome. Ten women whose symptoms improved during leuprolide treatment were given estradiol and progesterone in a double-blind, crossover design, each for four weeks, during continued leuprolide administration. Women without premenstrual syndrome (normal women) participated in a similar protocol. Outcomes were assessed on the basis of daily self-reports by the patients and biweekly rater-administered symptom-rating scales.\n\nRESULTS: The 10 women with premenstrual syndrome who were given leuprolide had a significant decrease in symptoms as compared with base-line values and with values for the 10 women who were given placebo. The 10 women with premenstrual syndrome who were given leuprolide plus estradiol or progesterone had a significant recurrence of symptoms, but no changes in mood occurred in 15 normal women who received the same regimen or in 5 women with premenstrual syndrome who were given placebo hormone during continued leuprolide administration.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: In women with premenstrual syndrome, the occurrence of symptoms represents an abnormal response to normal hormonal changes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"338","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"209","pageEnd":"216","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199801223380401","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34452948"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJM199801223380401"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9435325"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34452948"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pharmacokinetics-and-pharmacodynamics-of-conjugated-equine-estrogens-chemistry-a-recxsxsrzegnkeddv/","name":"Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of conjugated equine estrogens: chemistry and metabolism","headline":"Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of conjugated equine estrogens: chemistry and metabolism","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pharmacokinetics-and-pharmacodynamics-of-conjugated-equine-estrogens-chemistry-a-recxsxsrzegnkeddv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"B R Bhavnani","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}}],"datePublished":"1998-01-08","abstract":"Conjugated equine estrogens (Premarin), are used extensively for estrogen replacement therapy and prevention of osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease in postmenopausal women. Premarin contains at least 10 estrogens that are the sulfate esters of the ring B saturated estrogens: estrone, 17beta-estradiol, 17alpha-estradiol, and the ring B unsaturated estrogens: equilin, 17beta-dihydroequilin, 17alpha-dihydroequilin, equilenin, 17beta-dihydroequilenin, 17alpha-dihydroequilenin, and delta-8-estrone. Bioassays and estrogen receptor binding studies indicate that all 10 estrogens are biologically active. Moreover, individual components, such as equilin sulfate, delta-8-estrone sulfate, 17beta-dihydroequilin sulfate and estrone sulfate, have potent estrogenic effects. Estrogen sulfates can be absorbed directly from the gastrointestinal tract; however, hydrolysis of the sulfates also occurs in the gastrointestinal tract, and the unconjugated estrogens formed are readily absorbed. After absorption, these estrogens are sulfated rapidly and circulate in this form. The pharmacokinetics of these estrogens indicate that the unconjugated estrogens are cleared from the circulation at a faster rate than their sulfate ester forms. In postmenopausal women, the 17-keto derivatives of these estrogens are metabolized to the more potent 17beta-reduced products. The extent of this activation is nearly 10 times higher with some ring B unsaturated estrogens. The 17beta-reduced metabolites are cleared from the blood at a slower rate than their corresponding 17-keto derivatives. In the human endometrium, equilin is metabolized to 2-hydroxy and 4-hydroxy equilin, with 2-hydroxylation being predominant. In contrast, 2-hydroxy and 4-hydroxy estradiol are formed in equal amounts. Similarly, 16alpha-hydroxylation occurs with both types of estrogens; however, with the ring B saturated estrogens, the 17-keto steroid 16alpha-hydroxy estrone was the major urinary metabolite, whereas with the ring B unsaturated estrogens, the 17beta-reduced steroids, such as 16alpha-hydroxy-17beta-dihydroequilin and 16alpha-hydroxy-17beta-dihydroequilenin, were the major metabolites. This difference in metabolism may be important as it has been suggested that 16alpha-hydroxy estrone (alpha-ketol structure) can form covalent adducts with macromolecules and that it may be oncogenic. These types of interactions will not occur with the 16alpha-hydroxylated-17beta-reduced metabolites of ring B unsaturated estrogens. Since all of the estrogens present in Premarin have estrogenic activity, the pharmacological effects of Premarin are a result of the sum of these individual activities. Therefore, preparations lacking some of these important components may not offer the same degree of beneficial effects as Premarin.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"217","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Society for  Experimental Biology and Medicine (New York, N.Y.)"}}},"pageStart":"6","pageEnd":"16","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-217-44199","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34451410"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3181/00379727-217-44199"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9421201"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34451410"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-finasteride-versus-spironolactone-in-the-treatment-of-idiopathic-h-recnlcy4vz2j8nls5/","name":"Comparison of finasteride versus spironolactone in the treatment of idiopathic hirsutism","headline":"Comparison of finasteride versus spironolactone in the treatment of idiopathic hirsutism","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-finasteride-versus-spironolactone-in-the-treatment-of-idiopathic-h-recnlcy4vz2j8nls5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M Erenus","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9385-7350","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marmara University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02kswqa67"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Yücelten"},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Durmuşoğlu"},{"@type":"Person","name":"O Gürbüz"}],"datePublished":"1998-01-07","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of finasteride and spironolactone in the treatment of idiopathic hirsutism.\n\nDESIGN: Prospective, randomized, single-blind study.\n\nSETTING: A tertiary hirsutism clinic.\n\nPATIENT(S): Forty women with idiopathic hirsutism were selected.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Patients were assigned randomly to receive either 5 mg of finasteride or 100 mg of spironolactone for 9 months.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Hirsutism scores were measured according to the Ferriman-Gallwey scoring system, and side effects were monitored for 9 months of treatment. Blood samples were taken at each visit for assessment of endocrine, biochemical, and hematologic parameters.\n\nRESULT(S): Hirsutism scores were decreased significantly in both groups at the end of 9 months. The mean percent change (+/- SD) in hirsutism scores in the finasteride and spironolactone groups was as follows: 5.91% +/- 7.18% and 20.60% +/- 12.59% at 3 months, 10.61% +/- 12.18% and 32.57% +/- 15.68% at 6 months, and 15.15% +/- 15.38% and 42.36% +/- 12.31% at 9 months, respectively. There was a significantly better response with spironolactone treatment at the end of 9 months. Eleven (55%) of 20 patients in the spironolactone group experienced side effects. However, none of them stopped treatment because of side effects.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): The present data suggest that both finasteride and spironolactone are effective in the treatment of idiopathic hirsutism. However, it appears that the spironolactone group responded significantly better.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"68","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1000","pageEnd":"1003","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(97)00371-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74003617"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(97)00371-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9418687"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q74003617"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ncss-2000-statistical-system-for-windows-recorikd4a15sxfrp/","name":"NCSS 2000 Statistical System for Windows","headline":"NCSS 2000 Statistical System for Windows","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ncss-2000-statistical-system-for-windows-recorikd4a15sxfrp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"NCSS"}],"datePublished":"1998-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/taking-a-results-oriented-approach-to-infertility-recz9oyxax4fjabre/","name":"Taking a Results-Oriented Approach to Infertility","headline":"Taking a Results-Oriented Approach to Infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/taking-a-results-oriented-approach-to-infertility-recz9oyxax4fjabre/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Buster JA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carson SA"}],"datePublished":"1998-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-1997-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-1997-bdjzezgc/","name":"DIR Jahrbuch 1997 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 1997)","headline":"DIR Jahrbuch 1997 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 1997)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-1997-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-1997-bdjzezgc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register e.V."}],"datePublished":"1998-01-01","abstract":"Annual report (Jahrbuch) of the Deutsches IVF-Register (DIR) for treatment year 1997. DIR is the German national IVF/ICSI registry, founded 1982 — the oldest continuously operating ART registry. Voluntary professional-society database with high de-facto coverage of German fertility centres. Reports cycles, transfers, pregnancies and clinical outcomes by treatment type (IVF, ICSI, frozen embryo transfer, donor). German-language registry document. Used as a Phase B historical-archive source for the ART Registry Comparison study (cross-registry classification by reporting completeness on 7 framework dimensions).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register Jahrbuch"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/monitoring-women-at-risk-for-preterm-labor-recocmd3ufernrfvf/","name":"Monitoring women at risk for preterm labor","headline":"Monitoring women at risk for preterm labor","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/monitoring-women-at-risk-for-preterm-labor-recocmd3ufernrfvf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"K Danbe","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaiser Permanente","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t60zh31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yvonne Crites","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaiser Permanente","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t60zh31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Walton","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8461-2551","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaiser Permanente","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t60zh31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M A Armstrong","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6521-5729","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaiser Permanente","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t60zh31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J A Bamber","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaiser Permanente","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t60zh31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D C Dyson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaiser Permanente","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t60zh31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D R Field","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaiser Permanente","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t60zh31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J A Maier","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaiser Permanente","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t60zh31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L A Newman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaiser Permanente","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t60zh31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D A Ray","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2384-3265","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaiser Permanente","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t60zh31"}}],"datePublished":"1998-01-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Preterm birth is a major cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Whether the rate of preterm birth can be reduced by frequent contact between nurses and pregnant women or home monitoring of uterine activity is not known.\n\nMETHODS: We randomly assigned 2422 pregnant women with known risk factors for preterm labor (including 844 women who were pregnant with twins) to receive education and to have one of the following: weekly contact with a nurse, daily contact with a nurse, or daily contact with a nurse and home monitoring of uterine activity. The nurses elicited the women's own assessments of their symptoms and signs of preterm labor. The primary end point was the incidence of birth at less than 35 weeks' gestation. Secondary end points included cervical status at the time preterm labor was diagnosed and birth weight.\n\nRESULTS: There were no significant differences among the groups in the incidence of birth at less than 35 weeks (14 percent in the weekly-contact group, 13 percent in the daily-contact group, and 14 percent in the home-monitoring group), in the mean amount of cervical dilatation at the time preterm labor was diagnosed (1.8 cm, 1.5 cm, and 1.4 cm, respectively), or in such neonatal outcomes as birth weights of less than 1500 g or less than 2500 g. However, daily contact with a nurse increased the mean number of unscheduled visits to obstetricians (1.2 in the weekly-contact group, 1.8 in the daily-contact group, and 2.3 in the home-monitoring group) and the proportion of women who received prophylactic tocolytic drugs (12 percent, 14 percent, and 19 percent, respectively).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Women who have daily contact with a nurse, with or without home monitoring of uterine activity, have no better pregnancy outcomes than women who have weekly contact with a nurse.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"338","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"15","pageEnd":"19","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199801013380103","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45994355"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJM199801013380103"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9414326"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q45994355"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/premenstrual-syndrome-and-premenstrual-dysphoric-disorders-scope-diagnosis-and-t-recjhxyodijhmoazo/","name":"Practical diagnosis and treatment of premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder by psychiatrists and obstetricians/gynecologists in Japan","headline":"Practical diagnosis and treatment of premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder by psychiatrists and obstetricians/gynecologists in Japan","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/premenstrual-syndrome-and-premenstrual-dysphoric-disorders-scope-diagnosis-and-t-recjhxyodijhmoazo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"APGO"}],"datePublished":"1998-01-01","abstract":"Aim: To investigate and compare the diagnoses and treatment of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) from the perspectives of psychiatrists and obstetricians/gynecologists (OB/GYNs) in Japan.\n\nMethods: Between December 2021 and February 2022, a web-based survey was conducted among the members of the Japanese Association of Neuro-Psychiatric Clinics. Data from 262 psychiatrists who responded to the aforementioned survey were compared with data from 409 OB/GYNs from a survey conducted in 2021 among members of the Japanese Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology.\n\nResults: Overall, 79.8% of psychiatrists and 97.3% of OB/GYNs were involved in practicing PMS/PMDD diagnosis and treatment. Most psychiatrists believed that PMS should be treated by OB/GYNs (74.4%) and PMDD by psychiatrists (75.6%). Only vague medical interviews were conducted by 86.6% of psychiatrists, and only 9.7% maintained a two-cycle symptom diary. Psychiatrists mostly prescribed selective serotonin/serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor (SSRI/SNRI) continuous dosing (91.1%), followed by Kampo medicines, especially Kamishoyosan (73.3%); only 2.8% chose oral contraceptive pills, unlike OB/GYNs, while SSRI continuous (32.8%) and luteal phase dosing (20.6%) and Kampo medicine (42.1%) were the most common first-line treatments. Lifestyle guidance was prescribed by 63.6% of psychiatrists, followed by cognitive behavioral therapy (13.8%) and the symptom diary observation method (11.1%), which were similar to OB/GYNs' choices.\n\nConclusions: Many Japanese psychiatrists and OB/GYNs do not base PMS/PMDD diagnoses on prospective monitoring methods using specific diagnostic criteria and therefore do not provide evidence-based treatment. Moreover, a tendency of being biased toward treatments in which the department specialized was observed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/current-research-into-the-role-of-calcium-in-treating-pms-reclw9ekm8hwpybox/","name":"Current Research into the Role of Calcium in Treating PMS","headline":"Current Research into the Role of Calcium in Treating PMS","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/current-research-into-the-role-of-calcium-in-treating-pms-reclw9ekm8hwpybox/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thys-Jacobs S"}],"datePublished":"1998-01-01","abstract":"Herbal and related remedies are becoming increasingly popular in the United States. Although some of these products have been promoted as panaceas with little scientific data to support their use, clinical data are starting to accumulate showing the benefit of specific products. For the herbal products, English translation of the German Commission E monographs greatly increases the availability of credible information. Under the 1994 Dietary Health Supplement and Education Act, these products are considered as dietary supplements rather than drugs; regulation by the Food and Drug Administration is therefore limited. This lack of regulation has contributed to drug misadventures; such adverse events should be reported to the MedWatch program of the Food and Drug Administration. One suggestion to improve the status of these products in the United States would be to adopt the German philosophy that the products be approved as drugs based on absolute proof of safety and reasonable proof of efficacy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nutrition in Clinical Practice"}}},"pageStart":"5","pageEnd":"19","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recurrent-pregnancy-loss-in-textbook-of-reproductive-medicine-2nd-edition-rec5cuugxwshng4f6/","name":"Recurrent Pregnancy Loss in Textbook of Reproductive Medicine, 2nd Edition","headline":"Recurrent Pregnancy Loss in Textbook of Reproductive Medicine, 2nd Edition","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recurrent-pregnancy-loss-in-textbook-of-reproductive-medicine-2nd-edition-rec5cuugxwshng4f6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"William H Kutteh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6049-3842","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tennessee Health Science Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0011qv509"}}],"datePublished":"1998-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sexually-transmitted-diseases-in-america-how-many-cases-and-at-what-cost-prepare-aqjkcbo8/","name":"Sexually Transmitted Diseases in America: How Many Cases and at What Cost? Prepared for the Kaiser Family Foundation by, American Social Health Association, December 1998","headline":"Sexually Transmitted Diseases in America: How Many Cases and at What Cost? Prepared for the Kaiser Family Foundation by, American Social Health Association, December 1998","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sexually-transmitted-diseases-in-america-how-many-cases-and-at-what-cost-prepare-aqjkcbo8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexander LL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cates JR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Herndon N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ratcliffe JF"}],"datePublished":"1998-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormone-regulation-of-the-menstrual-cycle-the-evolution-of-concepts-recppwa4lgw19oavs/","name":"Hormone Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle: The Evolution of Concepts","headline":"Hormone Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle: The Evolution of Concepts","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormone-regulation-of-the-menstrual-cycle-the-evolution-of-concepts-recppwa4lgw19oavs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Nathalie Chabbert Buffet","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6525-4154","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sorbonne Université","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02en5vm52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chabbert Buffet N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C. Djakouré","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Saint-Antoine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01875pg84"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S.Christin Maitre","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Saint-Antoine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01875pg84"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Philippe Bouchard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2500-3219","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Saint-Antoine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01875pg84"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R R Kazer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Northwestern University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/000e0be47"}}],"datePublished":"1998-01-01","pageStart":"151","pageEnd":"86","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48935993","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q48935993"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/insulin-resistance-and-the-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-mechanism-and-implications--receu9vxkpgw0ruuq/","name":"Insulin resistance and the polycystic ovary syndrome: mechanism and implications for pathogenesis","headline":"Insulin resistance and the polycystic ovary syndrome: mechanism and implications for pathogenesis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/insulin-resistance-and-the-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-mechanism-and-implications--receu9vxkpgw0ruuq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrea Dunaif","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4903-9374","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}}],"datePublished":"1997-12-31","abstract":"It is now clear that PCOS is often associated with profound insulin resistance as well as with defects in insulin secretion. These abnormalities, together with obesity, explain the substantially increased prevalence of glucose intolerance in PCOS. Moreover, since PCOS is an extremely common disorder, PCOS-related insulin resistance is an important cause of NIDDM in women (Table 3). The insulin resistance in at least 50% of PCOS women appears to be related to excessive serine phosphorylation of the insulin receptor. A factor extrinsic to the insulin receptor, presumably a serine/threonine kinase, causes this abnormality and is an example of an important new mechanism for human insulin resistance related to factors controlling insulin receptor signaling. Serine phosphorylation appears to modulate the activity of the key regulatory enzyme of androgen biosynthesis, P450c17. It is thus possible that a single defect produces both the insulin resistance and the hyperandrogenism in some PCOS women (Fig. 19). Recent studies strongly suggest that insulin is acting through its own receptor (rather than the IGF-I receptor) in PCOS to augment not only ovarian and adrenal steroidogenesis but also pituitary LH release. Indeed, the defect in insulin action appears to be selective, affecting glucose metabolism but not cell growth. Since PCOS usually has a menarchal age of onset, this makes it a particularly appropriate disorder in which to examine the ontogeny of defects in carbohydrate metabolism and for ascertaining large three-generation kindreds for positional cloning studies to identify NIDDM genes. Although the presence of lipid abnormalities, dysfibrinolysis, and insulin resistance would be predicted to place PCOS women at high risk for cardiovascular disease, appropriate prospective studies are necessary to directly assess this.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Endocrine Reviews"}}},"pageStart":"774","pageEnd":"800","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/edrv.18.6.0318","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28257443"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/edrv.18.6.0318"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9408743"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28257443"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/what-nurses-should-know-about-natural-family-planning-recazyuhra75ffoeq/","name":"What nurses should know about natural family planning","headline":"What nurses should know about natural family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/what-nurses-should-know-about-natural-family-planning-recazyuhra75ffoeq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"K Clark","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7310-5573","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Iowa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036jqmy94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A J Trent","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0125syc65"}}],"datePublished":"1997-12-13","abstract":"Two common natural family planning (NFP) methods are the ovulation method based on characteristics of cervical mucus and the symptothermal method based on changes in cervical mucus, basal body temperature, and the cervix. Both methods are effective when used correctly. Nurses should understand the principles of NFP and introduce these methods in discussions of family planning options. Interested clients should be referred to a certified NFP instructor for education and supervision.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"26","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Neonatal Nursing : JOGNN"}}},"pageStart":"643","pageEnd":"648","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.1997.tb02738.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38503637"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1552-6909.1997.tb02738.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9395972"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38503637"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metabolic-changes-induced-by-peroral-oestrogen-and-transdermal-oestradiol-gel-th-rec8eddzbeq4bas0u/","name":"Metabolic changes induced by peroral oestrogen and transdermal oestradiol gel therapy","headline":"Metabolic changes induced by peroral oestrogen and transdermal oestradiol gel therapy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metabolic-changes-induced-by-peroral-oestrogen-and-transdermal-oestradiol-gel-th-rec8eddzbeq4bas0u/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A Karjalainen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3349-0598","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oulu","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Heikkinen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3735-4019","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oulu Deaconess Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05tt05r27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M J Savolainen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2557-6423","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oulu","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A.‐C. Bäckström","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Orion Corporation (United Kingdom)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ny43313"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y. A. Kesäniemi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7788-2492","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oulu","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Salinto","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Orion Corporation (United Kingdom)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ny43313"}}],"datePublished":"1997-12-09","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To investigate changes in plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels induced by peroral oestrogen replacement and transdermal oestradiol gel therapy.\n\nDESIGN: The effects of peroral oestradiol valerate tablets (2 mg) and placebo gel were compared with 1g transdermal oestradiol gel (1mg oestradiol) and placebo tablets in a randomised, double-blind, double-dummy study for 6 months.\n\nSETTING: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu and Oulu Deaconess Institute, Oulu, Finland.\n\nPOPULATION: Seventy-nine hysterectomised, postmenopausal women, 39 women in the peroral oestrogen group and 40 in the gel group.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Cholesterol and triglycerides in total plasma and in various lipoprotein fractions, and sex hormones.\n\nRESULTS: In the peroral oestrogen group total and LDL cholesterol were decreased and HDL cholesterol and triglycerides were increased. In the oestradiol gel group plasma total, LDL and VLDL cholesterol and the ratio of LDL/HDL cholesterol were significantly decreased, but no change in HDL cholesterol and triglycerides was observed. Overall the decrease in LDL levels was correlated with the increase in oestrogen levels.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Both peroral and transdermal replacement therapy had beneficial effects on plasma lipids by lowering total and LDL cholesterol and LDL/HDL cholesterol ratio. These changes seem to be associated with changes in oestrogen levels.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"104 Suppl 16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"s16","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"38","pageEnd":"43","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1997.tb11566.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50920566"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1471-0528.1997.tb11566.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9389782"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50920566"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/psychosocial-predictors-of-depressive-symptomatology-level-in-postpartum-women-recdugrkdd0g7lvgq/","name":"Psychosocial predictors of depressive symptomatology level in postpartum women","headline":"Psychosocial predictors of depressive symptomatology level in postpartum women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/psychosocial-predictors-of-depressive-symptomatology-level-in-postpartum-women-recdugrkdd0g7lvgq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean‐François Saucier","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université de Montréal","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0161xgx34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"O Bernazzani","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université de Montréal","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0161xgx34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Borgeat","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université de Montréal","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0161xgx34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H David","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9190-8927","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université de Montréal","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0161xgx34"}}],"datePublished":"1997-12-05","abstract":"This study explored a multifactorial model for the prediction of the intensity of depressive symptoms in postpartum women. Data were gathered from 213 pregnant women during the second trimester of pregnancy and at 6 months postpartum. Participants were assessed according to a number of psychosocial variables. A path analysis indicated that four variables had a direct effect on postpartum depressive symptomatology level: lower occupational status, prenatal depression level, more distal stressors and a personal psychiatric history. Eight variables, which reflected past and present experiences, showed an indirect effect. The implications of these findings are discussed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"46","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Affective Disorders"}}},"pageStart":"39","pageEnd":"49","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0165-0327(97)00077-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73917000"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0165-0327(97)00077-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9387085"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73917000"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-metabolite-allopregnanolone-in-women-with-premenstrual-syndrome-recaxynqtcfopzpw5/","name":"Progesterone metabolite allopregnanolone in women with premenstrual syndrome","headline":"Progesterone metabolite allopregnanolone in women with premenstrual syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-metabolite-allopregnanolone-in-women-with-premenstrual-syndrome-recaxynqtcfopzpw5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A J Rapkin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3254-8671","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Augusta University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012mef835"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Morgan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7077-0376","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Los Angeles","sameAs":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D W Brann","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4480-8859","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Los Angeles","sameAs":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Deborah A. Simone","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Augusta University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012mef835"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"V B MAHESH","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Augusta University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012mef835"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Goldman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Augusta University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012mef835"}}],"datePublished":"1997-11-14","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the anxiolytic 3alpha-5alpha-reduced progesterone metabolite allopregnanolone in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle in women with premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and controls.\n\nMETHODS: Thirty-five women with prospectively documented PMS and 36 controls were evaluated. Serum progesterone and allopregnanolone levels were measured on days 19 and 26 of the cycle as determined by urinary LH detection kits. Analysis of variance and Student t tests were used to analyze the data.\n\nRESULTS: Allopregnanolone levels were significantly lower on day 26 in the PMS group than in controls (3.6 +/- 0.8 versus 7.5 +/- 1.3 ng/mL; P < .04). Significant differences in the ratio of the metabolite to progesterone also were noted, with a smaller ratio in the PMS subjects (0.9 +/- 0.3 versus 3.2 +/- 1.3 ng/mL; P < .05). There were no significant differences between the PMS and control groups with respect to serum progesterone levels.\n\nCONCLUSION: Subjects with PMS manifested lower levels of the anxiolytic metabolite allopregnanolone in the luteal phase when compared with controls. Diminished concentrations of allopregnanolone in women with PMS may lead to an inability to enhance gamma aminobutyric acid-mediated inhibition during states of altered central nervous system excitability, such as ovulation or physiologic or psychological stress. The lowered metabolite levels could contribute to the genesis of various mood symptoms of the disorder, such as anxiety, tension, and depression.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"90","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"709","pageEnd":"714","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/S0029-7844(97)00417-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46518358"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/S0029-7844(97)00417-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9351749"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46518358"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preterm-birth-and-cerebral-palsy-predictive-value-of-pregnancy-complications-mod-recsfukxlxw7jelsm/","name":"Preterm birth and cerebral palsy. Predictive value of pregnancy complications, mode of delivery, and Apgar scores","headline":"Preterm birth and cerebral palsy. Predictive value of pregnancy complications, mode of delivery, and Apgar scores","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preterm-birth-and-cerebral-palsy-predictive-value-of-pregnancy-complications-mod-recsfukxlxw7jelsm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jens Langhoff‐Roos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2838-2533","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035b05819"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Langhoff-Roos"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Topp","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3448-7983","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Danish Institute for Human Rights","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qd0cv38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Uldall","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Danish Institute for Human Rights","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qd0cv38"}}],"datePublished":"1997-11-14","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Preterm infants are at 8 times higher risk than term infants for pre- and perinatal brain damage, resulting in cerebral palsy. In this paper we have analysed the influence of prenatal and birth-related risk factors on cerebral palsy in preterm infants.\n\nMETHODS: In a register-based study, 175 preterm singleton infants with cerebral palsy, born in 1982-86, were compared with 687 controls matched by gestational age and year of birth.\n\nRESULTS: Statistically significant higher rates in cases were found in parity > or = 3 (22% vs. 16%, p < 0.05), Cesarean section (67% vs. 56%, p < 0.01), and low Apgar scores at 1 minute (45% vs. 36%, p < 0.05). By multivariate analyses, two variables remained statistically significant: parity > or = 3 (adjusted OR = 1.53 (95% CI 1.00-2.34), p < 0.05) and Cesarean section (adjusted OR = 1.57 (95% CI 1.07-2.32), p < 0.05).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Pregnancy complications preceding preterm birth did not imply a higher risk of cerebral palsy. Delivery by Cesarean section was a prognostic factor for developing cerebral palsy, and the predictive value of Apgar scores was highly limited.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"76","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica"}}},"pageStart":"843","pageEnd":"848","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3109/00016349709024363","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41627481"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3109/00016349709024363"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9351410"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41627481"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstrual-cyclicity-after-metformin-therapy-in-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-recoph8zgvphcrjys/","name":"Menstrual cyclicity after metformin therapy in polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"Menstrual cyclicity after metformin therapy in polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstrual-cyclicity-after-metformin-therapy-in-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-recoph8zgvphcrjys/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Velázquez E","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0676-7770"},{"@type":"Person","name":"E M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Meriam El Aboubi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9544-5533","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of the Andes","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02h1b1x27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Soaira Mendoza","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of the Andes","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02h1b1x27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Acosta","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7815-5701","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of the Andes","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02h1b1x27"}}],"datePublished":"1997-09-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of insulin-lowering treatment on menstrual cyclicity in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).\n\nMETHODS: Forty oligoamenorrheic women with PCOS were recruited in a prospective clinical study to receive metformin for a minimum period of 6 months. Twenty-two women completed the study. Serum LH, FSH, free testosterone, and glucose and insulin response to oral glucose load were measured both before and after 8 weeks of metformin treatment. Menstrual cyclicity and serum progesterone levels at the midluteal phase were assessed at the 30th week of metformin treatment.\n\nRESULTS: Twenty-one of 22 women had restoration of menstrual cyclicity (95.7%). Four of these women (19%) became pregnant within the 6th and 7th months of treatment. All four of the pregnant women delivered, and the infants were healthy. Thirteen of 15 women who had regular menses demonstrated a serum progesterone level within the ovulatory range (3.1-28 ng/mL). Fasting (P < .001) and the integrated insulin response to the glucose load decreased (P < .001) after 8 weeks of metformin treatment. This was accompanied by significant decreases in serum LH (P < .001) and free testosterone (P < .001) levels and LH/FSH ratio (P < .001). There was a small but significant reduction in body mass index after 8 weeks of metformin treatment (P < .001).\n\nCONCLUSION: A 6-month course of metformin may improve menstrual cyclicity and fertility in women with the PCOS. Insulin-sensitizing agents provide a rational approach to the treatment of the metabolic and endocrine abnormalities in PCOS women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"90","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"392","pageEnd":"395","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(97)00296-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51573759"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0029-7844(97)00296-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9277650"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q51573759"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/transvaginal-administration-of-progesterone-recpvaocudwwaavof/","name":"Transvaginal administration of progesterone","headline":"Transvaginal administration of progesterone","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/transvaginal-administration-of-progesterone-recpvaocudwwaavof/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"D DEZIEGLER"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Bergeron","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2585-5411","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bicêtre Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c9p1x46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dominique De Ziegler","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2513-8220","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mkjjy25"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Fanchin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Antoine-Béclère","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sb8a726"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Frydman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Antoine-Béclère","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sb8a726"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Righini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6081-6971","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Antoine-Béclère","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sb8a726"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Torrisi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Antoine-Béclère","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sb8a726"}}],"datePublished":"1997-09-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To examine the endometrial effects of three different doses of progesterone administered vaginally.\n\nMETHODS: Forty women 25-41 years old deprived of ovarian function received estradiol (E2) for 28 days. From days 15 to 27, a new mucus-like vaginal gel of progesterone was administered every other day, randomly, dosed at 45 mg (group A, n = 14), 90 mg (group B, n = 13), or 180 mg (group C, n = 13). Plasma gonadotropins, estrone, E2, and progesterone were measured. An endometrial biopsy was performed on day 20 (n = 20) or 24 (n = 20) for endometrial dating and for estrogen and progesterone receptor determinations.\n\nRESULTS: Plasma estrogen levels were in the menstrual cycle range. Mean progesterone levels were lower in group A (2.4 +/- 0.2 ng/mL) than in group B (3.6 +/- 0.2 ng/mL) or C (3.4 +/- 0.4 ng/mL) (P < .005). Plasma FSH and LH decreased significantly during progesterone treatment. In all groups, we observed secretory transformation in the glands (day 20) and stroma (day 24) and the distribution of estrogen and progesterone receptors seen in normal menstrual cycles.\n\nCONCLUSION: Transvaginal administration of progesterone induced normal secretory transformation of the endometrium despite low plasma levels, suggesting a direct transit into the uterus or \"first uterine pass effect.\"","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"90","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"396","pageEnd":"401","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(97)00270-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47332153"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0029-7844(97)00270-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9277651"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47332153"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/abnormal-ovulation-in-women-with-endometriosis-mbbc90vs/","name":"Abnormal Ovulation in Women With Endometriosis","headline":"Abnormal Ovulation in Women With Endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/abnormal-ovulation-in-women-with-endometriosis-mbbc90vs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"McBean J"}],"datePublished":"1997-08-22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"68","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}},"pageStart":"S173-S174","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(97)85068-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127177846"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(97)85068-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q127177846"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/increased-incidence-of-preeclampsia-in-women-conceiving-by-intrauterine-insemina-rec6mnssc7o5qcori/","name":"Increased incidence of preeclampsia in women conceiving by intrauterine insemination with donor versus partner sperm for treatment of primary infertility","headline":"Increased incidence of preeclampsia in women conceiving by intrauterine insemination with donor versus partner sperm for treatment of primary infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/increased-incidence-of-preeclampsia-in-women-conceiving-by-intrauterine-insemina-rec6mnssc7o5qcori/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Graeme N. Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3128-4523"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Walker","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1781-9664"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kenneth Millar"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Glenn Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2752-4846"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J L Tessier"}],"datePublished":"1997-08-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: Reports suggest that there is an increased incidence of preeclampsia after a previously normal pregnancy if there is a change in paternity. We hypothesize that there is a higher incidence of preeclampsia (proteinuric hypertension) in women conceiving by intrauterine insemination with donor sperm versus intrauterine insemination with partner sperm.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: This was a retrospective cohort study. In women with primary infertility all pregnancies achieved by either partner or donor intrauterine insemination carried to birth of a fetus (> 20 weeks) were identified. The medical records were examined for the maternal and pregnancy outcome data. The relative risk and 95% confidence interval were calculated for the risk of preeclampsia. The baseline data were compared with t tests, chi 2 analysis and Fisher's exact test where appropriate.\n\nRESULTS: Forty-four patients in the partner intrauterine insemination group and 37 in the donor insemination group were identified as having primary infertility. Three cases of mild preeclampsia were found in the partner insemination program and nine cases of preeclampsia (five severe, four mild) in the donor insemination program (relative risk 1.85, 95% confidence interval 1.20 to 2.85).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: There is a higher incidence of preeclampsia in women conceiving by intrauterine insemination with washed donor sperm compared with intrauterine insemination with washed partner sperm. This supports, indirectly, an immunologic basis for preeclampsia. The antigenic factor would appear to be located on the sperm as opposed to the seminal fluid itself.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"177","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"455","pageEnd":"458","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9378(97)70215-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73682184"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0002-9378(97)70215-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9290468"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73682184"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstrual-characteristics-in-women-with-and-without-endometriosis-recqj39tgqlwb1avk/","name":"Menstrual characteristics in women with and without endometriosis","headline":"Menstrual characteristics in women with and without endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstrual-characteristics-in-women-with-and-without-endometriosis-recqj39tgqlwb1avk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Paolo Vercellini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4195-0996","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016zn0y21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"O DEGIORGI","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Milan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wjc7c48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paolo Crosignani","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8440-4245","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Milan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wjc7c48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Aimi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Milan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wjc7c48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"O De Giorgi"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Panazza","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Milan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wjc7c48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Uglietti","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Milan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wjc7c48"}}],"datePublished":"1997-08-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To assess menstrual blood loss and other menstrual characteristics prospectively in women with and without endometriosis.\n\nMETHODS: Three hundred fifteen premenopausal women undergoing laparoscopy for various reasons were asked to complete a pictorial blood loss assessment chart devised by Higham et al to evaluate menstrual flow on which the monthly score has been demonstrated to correlate directly with uterine blood loss measured by the alkaline hematin method. In addition, cycle length and flow duration were recorded. The women also were asked to grade dysmenorrhea severity using a 100-mm visual analogue and a 0-3-points verbal rating scale.\n\nRESULTS: One hundred sixty-three women had endometriosis, and 152 did not. The latter group comprised 59 women with a normal pelvis, 36 with nonendometriotic ovarian cysts, 29 with chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, and 28 with miscellaneous conditions. The median [interquartile range] pictorial blood loss assessment chart score was 110 [66.5-156.5] in women with endometriosis and 84 [56-129] in those without the disease (P = .007); 87 out of 163 (53%) women with endometriosis had a menstrual chart score equal to or greater than 100 compared with 56 out of 152 (37%) of those without (chi 2(1) = 8.02, P = .005; difference = 16%, 95% confidence interval, 6%, 28%). Menstrual flow duration was slightly longer in women with endometriosis (mean difference, 0.33 days). Dysmenorrhea visual analogue and verbal rating scores were significantly higher in the endometriosis than the nonendometriosis group.\n\nCONCLUSION: According to a visual chart, women with endometriosis had heavier menstrual flow and a significantly higher rate of abnormal menstrual scores that those without the disease.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"90","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"264","pageEnd":"268","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/S0029-7844(97)00235-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62090918"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/S0029-7844(97)00235-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9241306"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q62090918"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-awareness-in-women-attending-a-fertility-clinic-reckooggzck9u2zcr/","name":"Fertility awareness in women attending a fertility clinic","headline":"Fertility awareness in women attending a fertility clinic","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-awareness-in-women-attending-a-fertility-clinic-reckooggzck9u2zcr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A Bargiacchi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0556-3529","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marymount University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0008kv292"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Blake","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7547-8522","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fertility PLUS, National Women's Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M France","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Building Research Association of New Zealand","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04v2xzv40"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Gudex"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dawn Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2056-2196"}],"datePublished":"1997-08-01","abstract":"Eighty women attending for consultation at a tertiary referral fertility unit over a 3-month period were surveyed for their knowledge of fertility awareness and how they used this information to enhance their chances of conception. It was hypothesized that less than 50% of the subjects had an adequate understanding of when the fertile time occurred in their menstrual cycle. A questionnaire was completed anonymously by each subject and these were scored in 3 categories for fertility awareness by 2 independent Natural Family Planning teachers. Scores ranged from 0 for women who had no concept of fertility awareness, to 6 for women who were highly aware. The results showed that 26% (N = 21) of subjects had a score of 4 or greater which was considered as having an adequate understanding. The hypothesis was accepted, giving reason for concern about the effectiveness of consumer education at all levels of fertility investigation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"37","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Australian & New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"350","pageEnd":"352","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1479-828x.1997.tb02429.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50930903"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1479-828x.1997.tb02429.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9325525"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50930903"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/successful-induction-of-ovulation-in-normogonadotrophic-clomiphene-resistant-ano-rec571jwdaiyaor9j/","name":"Successful induction of ovulation in normogonadotrophic clomiphene resistant anovulatory women by combined naltrexone and clomiphene citrate treatment","headline":"Successful induction of ovulation in normogonadotrophic clomiphene resistant anovulatory women by combined naltrexone and clomiphene citrate treatment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/successful-induction-of-ovulation-in-normogonadotrophic-clomiphene-resistant-ano-rec571jwdaiyaor9j/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"H J van Dessel"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J L H Evers","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8079-1436"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R S G M Bots"},{"@type":"Person","name":"B J Roozenburg","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Elisabeth-TweeSteden Ziekenhuis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gpfvy81"}}],"datePublished":"1997-08-01","abstract":"Patients suffering from normogonadotrophic anovulation and infertility are initially treated with clomiphene citrate. Those who do not respond to clomiphene citrate usually receive gonadotrophin treatment which is labour-intensive, expensive, and associated with an increased risk of multiple pregnancies and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. We treated 22 patients with clomiphene resistant normogonadotrophic anovulation with naltrexone (an opioid receptor blocker) alone or naltrexone in combination with an antioestrogen. In 19 patients ovulation and resumption of a regular menstrual cycle was achieved and in 12 out of 19 a singleton pregnancy was observed. In conclusion, ovulation can be induced successfully using naltrexone alone or naltrexone in combination with an anti-oestrogen in clomiphene citrate resistant anovulatory patients. Compared to gonadotrophin induction of ovulation, this method is safe, simple and inexpensive.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1720","pageEnd":"1722","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/12.8.1720","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73727849"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/12.8.1720"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9308800"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73727849"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/aggressive-laparoscopic-excision-of-endometriosis-of-the-culdesac-and-uterosacra-qlt3idgc/","name":"Aggressive laparoscopic excision of endometriosis of the cul-de-sac and uterosacral ligaments","headline":"Aggressive laparoscopic excision of endometriosis of the cul-de-sac and uterosacral ligaments","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/aggressive-laparoscopic-excision-of-endometriosis-of-the-culdesac-and-uterosacra-qlt3idgc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"David B Redwine","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Charles Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02stwhg86"}}],"datePublished":"1997-08-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of the American Association of Gynecologic Laparoscopists"}}},"pageStart":"540","pageEnd":"1","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73696465","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9296887"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73696465"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/postpartum-mood-disorders-clinical-perspectives-rec8ydff95iffuqly/","name":"Postpartum mood disorders: clinical perspectives","headline":"Postpartum mood disorders: clinical perspectives","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/postpartum-mood-disorders-clinical-perspectives-rec8ydff95iffuqly/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"H A Nasrallah","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8567-1094"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D. L. Gardner"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S F Pariser","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Ohio State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23"}}],"datePublished":"1997-08-01","abstract":"Mood disorders are common in women. A prepregnancy personal history of mood disorder (bipolar or major depression), premenstrual syndrome, or (possibly) postpartum blues places a woman at high risk for a postpartum exacerbation of symptoms. Untreated or unrecognized postpartum mood disorders can lead to serious psychologic and social consequences, in some cases even leading to suicide or infanticide. Women at risk for postpartum mood disorders need to be referred for psychiatric consultation before pregnancy and parturition. Informed, professional collaboration offers the best opportunities for prevention, as well as the earliest recognition and treatment of emergent symptoms.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Women's Health"}}},"pageStart":"421","pageEnd":"434","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1089/jwh.1997.6.421","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41582826"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1089/jwh.1997.6.421"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9279830"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41582826"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancy-in-infertile-pcod-patients-complications-and-outcome-recf6vhl2jdci1zsu/","name":"Pregnancy in infertile PCOD patients. Complications and outcome","headline":"Pregnancy in infertile PCOD patients. Complications and outcome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancy-in-infertile-pcod-patients-complications-and-outcome-recf6vhl2jdci1zsu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarac E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dogan L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Timur Gürgan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6738-792X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hacettepe University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04kwvgz42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Urman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9021-2220","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hacettepe University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04kwvgz42"}}],"datePublished":"1997-08-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the complications and outcome of pregnancy in women with polycystic ovary disease (PCOD).\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: The course and outcome of 47 singleton pregnancies in women with well-documented PCOD were compared with those in 100 healthy controls.\n\nRESULTS: Women with PCOD had a significantly higher body mass index as compared to the control group (P < .05); however, the proportion of lean versus obese subjects in the two groups was similar. The incidence of an abnormal glucose challenge test, gestational diabetes mellitus and pregnancy-induced hypertension was significantly increased in pregnant women with PCOD (P < .05). When lean PCOD subjects were compared with lean control subjects, the difference in the incidence of the above complications was still significant (P < .05). The incidence of pregnancy complications was similar when obese PCOD subjects were compared with obese controls.\n\nCONCLUSION: Women with PCOD were at increased risk of gestational diabetes and pregnancy-induced hypertension, and this risk appeared to be independent of body mass index.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"42","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"501","pageEnd":"505","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-associated-pelvic-pain-evidence-for-an-association-between-the-sta-recnowu0o0lofvdqh/","name":"Endometriosis-associated pelvic pain: evidence for an association between the stage of disease and a history of chronic pelvic pain","headline":"Endometriosis-associated pelvic pain: evidence for an association between the stage of disease and a history of chronic pelvic pain","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-associated-pelvic-pain-evidence-for-an-association-between-the-sta-recnowu0o0lofvdqh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"D F Archer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7069-5117","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pittsburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D S Guzick","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4791-2106","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05byvp690"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L M Bowser","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pittsburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D W Stovall","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duquesne University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02336z538"}}],"datePublished":"1997-07-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To track the severity and location of pelvic pain associated with endometriosis throughout the reproductive-age years and to evaluate the association between these pain parameters and the stage of disease.\n\nDESIGN: Historical prospective study.\n\nSETTING: Tertiary care center.\n\nPATIENT(S): Forty-eight women with endoscopically staged endometriosis and chronic pelvic pain who had undergone medical and/or conservative surgical therapy.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Each participant was administered a questionnaire that included a determination of the severity and location of her pain.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The stage of disease, the area of the pelvis that contained the bulk of disease, the severity of pain, and the location of the most severe pain were recorded.\n\nRESULT(S): The mean duration from the initial diagnosis until follow-up was 15.7 +/- 3.1 years, Twenty-one (43.8%) subjects denied any symptoms of pain on follow-up evaluation. Of the 27 patients with persistent pain, 21 (78%) identified the location of their most severe pain as being the same as at initial diagnosis. The stage of disease at initial diagnosis was significantly associated with a higher degree of pain at follow-up.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): These data suggest that endometriosis-associated chronic pelvic pain commonly persists throughout the reproductive years and that endometriosis stage is directly related to the persistence of pelvic pain.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"68","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"13","pageEnd":"18","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(97)81468-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73476608"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(97)81468-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9207577"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73476608"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sexually-transmitted-diseases-global-importance-recklkzgilz6vs8z0/","name":"Sexually transmitted diseases: global importance","headline":"Sexually transmitted diseases: global importance","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sexually-transmitted-diseases-global-importance-recklkzgilz6vs8z0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J.J. Sciarra"}],"datePublished":"1997-07-01","abstract":"The worldwide incidence of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) including the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) continues to increase and represents a major public health problem especially in the developing world causing infertility and ectopic pregnancy. Prevention of the spread of STDs, along with early detection and appropriate therapy has the potential to minimize the reproductive tract damage of these infections and simultaneously improve the health of women in all areas of the world.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"58","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: the Official Organ of the  International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics"}}},"pageStart":"107","pageEnd":"119","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0020-7292(97)02867-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37882530"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0020-7292(97)02867-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9253673"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37882530"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/determinants-of-abnormal-gonadotropin-secretion-in-clinically-defined-women-with-rec0phakdc1unoen9/","name":"Determinants of abnormal gonadotropin secretion in clinically defined women with polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"Determinants of abnormal gonadotropin secretion in clinically defined women with polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/determinants-of-abnormal-gonadotropin-secretion-in-clinically-defined-women-with-rec0phakdc1unoen9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"B McCourt","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5757-3024","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E J Anderson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7514-7929","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Schoenfeld","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1948-3711","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J E Hall","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4644-3061","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Salk Institute for Biological Studies","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xez1567"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Adams","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0378-2231","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Mary’s Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/041j39g66"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K A Martin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A E Taylor","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}}],"datePublished":"1997-07-01","abstract":"Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous disorder of reproductive age women characterized in its broadest definition by the presence of oligoamenorrhea and hyperandrogenism and the absence of other disorders. Defects of gonadotropin secretion, including an elevated LH level, elevated LH to FSH ratio, and an increased frequency and amplitude of LH pulsations have been described, but the prevalence of these defects in a large, unbiased population of PCOS patients has not been determined. Sixty-one women with PCOS defined by oligomenorrhea and hyperandrogenism and 24 normal women in the early follicular phase had LH samples obtained every 10 min for 8-12 h. Pool LH levels from the frequent sampling studies were within the normal range in the 9 PCOS patients (14.8%) who were studied within 21 days after a documented spontaneous ovulation. Excluding these post-ovulatory patients, 75.0% of the PCOS patients had an elevated pool LH level (above the 95th percentile of the normal controls), and 94% had an elevated LH to FSH ratio. In the anovulatory PCOS patients, pool LH correlated positively with 17-OH progesterone (R = 0.30, P = 0.03), but not with estradiol, estrone, testosterone, androstenedione, or DHEA-S. Pool LH and LH to FSH ratio correlated positively with LH pulse frequency (R = 0.40, P = 0.004 for pool LH, and R = 0.39; P = 0.005 for LH/FSH). There was also a strong negative correlation between pool LH and body mass index (BMI) (R = -0.59, P < 10(-5)). The relationship between BMI and LH secretion in the PCOS patients appeared to be strongest with body fatness, as pool LH was correlated inversely with percent body fat, whether measured by skinfolds (R = -0.61, P < 10(-5)), bioimpedance (R = -0.55, P < 10(-4)), or dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) (R = -0.70, P = 0.001; n = 18 for DEXA only). By DEXA, the only body region that was highly correlated with pool LH was the trunk (R = -0.71, P = 0.001). The relationship between body fatness and LH secretion occurred via a decrease in LH pulse amplitude (R = -0.63, P < 10(-5) for BMI; R = -0.58, P < 10(-4) for bioimpedance; and R = -0.64, P = 0.004 for whole body DEXA), with no significant change in pulse frequency with increasing obesity (R = -0.17, P = 0.23 for BMI). IN CONCLUSION: 1) the prevalence of gonadotropin abnormalities is very high in women with PCOS selected on purely clinical grounds, but is modified by recent spontaneous ovulation; 2) the positive relationship between LH pulse frequency and both pool LH and LH to FSH ratio supports the hypothesis that a rapid frequency of GnRH secretion may play a key etiologic role in the gonadotropin defect in PCOS patients; 3) pool LH and LH pulse amplitude are inversely related to body mass index and percent body fat in a continuous fashion; and 4) the occurrence of a continuous spectrum of gonadotropin abnormalities varying with body fat suggests that nonobese and obese patients with PCOS do not represent distinct pathophysiologic subsets of this disorder.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"82","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"2248","pageEnd":"2256","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem.82.7.4105","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73493513"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jcem.82.7.4105"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9215302"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73493513"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-relationship-between-laparoscopic-disease-pelvic-pain-and-infertility-an-unb-recnfzhsrt3qnkp3o/","name":"The relationship between laparoscopic disease, pelvic pain and infertility; an unbiased assessment","headline":"The relationship between laparoscopic disease, pelvic pain and infertility; an unbiased assessment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-relationship-between-laparoscopic-disease-pelvic-pain-and-infertility-an-unb-recnfzhsrt3qnkp3o/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jim Thornton","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9764-6876","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Leeds","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024mrxd33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Morley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2972-7396","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Leeds","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024mrxd33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph Onwude","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Leeds","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024mrxd33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A C Crompton","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Leeds","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024mrxd33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"I Currie","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Leeds","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024mrxd33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Lilleyman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Leeds","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024mrxd33"}}],"datePublished":"1997-07-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: To measure the relationship between laparoscopically detected pelvic pathology and pelvic pain or infertility.\n\nMETHODS: Women undergoing diagnostic laparoscopy either for the investigation of pelvic pain, for sterilisation or for the investigation of infertility were studied. The indication for surgery was recorded before laparoscopy. At operation a series of 35-mm slide photographs were taken of the pelvis and later scored by two independent assessors without knowledge of the indication for surgery.\n\nRESULTS: Satisfactory photographs were obtained in 298 women. Minimal endometriosis was not associated with pain (adjusted OR 1.3; 0.5-2.8), although moderate disease was non-significantly so (2.5; 0.4-7.1). Severe disease was significantly more common and never occurred in patients being sterilised (P = 0.02). The odds of pain were not increased in the presence of dilated veins > 9 mm diameter (OR 1.1; 0.4-3.2) or adhesions (OR 0.6; 0.2-4.7). The odds of infertility were non-significantly increased in the presence of minimal and moderate endometriosis (OR 2.0; 0.8-5.3, and OR 4.2; 0.6-25 respectively) and again significantly more common in the presence of advanced disease (P = 0.002). The odds of infertility tended to be lower in the presence of severely dilated veins (OR 0.2; 0.032-1.2). There was no clear effect of adhesions (OR 0.9; 0.1-5.9).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: The long established associations between severe endometriosis and pelvic pain, and between endometriosis in general and infertility are confirmed. However there is little or no association between minimal endometriosis, pelvic adhesions or dilated pelvic veins and pain. Previously reported associations may have been an artefact of the surgeon's knowledge of the indication for operation when assessing the pelvis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"74","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology"}}},"pageStart":"57","pageEnd":"62","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0301-2115(97)00082-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47627404"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0301-2115(97)00082-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9243204"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47627404"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-risk-of-preterm-birth-across-generations-recwmogninkhjdbnd/","name":"The risk of preterm birth across generations","headline":"The risk of preterm birth across generations","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-risk-of-preterm-birth-across-generations-recwmogninkhjdbnd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"T PORTER"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C HUNTER"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R. Ward","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alison Fraser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6825-0625","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Huntsman Cancer Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03v7tx966"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael W Varner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9455-3973","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"1997-07-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To examine the risk of preterm birth for mothers who themselves were born before term.\n\nMETHODS: Data were taken from a linked data base of birth certificates composed of two cohorts: 1) a parental cohort of women born between 1947 and 1957 and 2) their offspring born between 1970 and 1992. \"Preterm mothers\" were women in the parental cohort who were born at less than 37 weeks' gestation. \"Term mothers\" were women in the parental cohort born at or after 38 weeks' gestation. Preterm mothers and term mothers were matched for birth year, county of birth, marital status, parity, and age. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for the risk of preterm delivery in preterm mothers. Multiple logistic regression was used to assess the interaction of concomitant variables with the risk of premature delivery.\n\nRESULTS: The risk of preterm birth was significantly higher in preterm mothers than in term mothers (OR 1.18; 95% CI 1.02, 1.37). The risk increased as the gestational age at the mothers' birth decreased (less than 30 weeks'; OR 2.38; 95% CI 1.37, 4.16). The interaction between maternal age and parity increased the risk of preterm delivery at less than 34 weeks in some age and parity strata.\n\nCONCLUSION: An increased risk of preterm delivery exists for women who themselves were born before 37 weeks' gestation. The risk is inversely correlated with the maternal gestational age at birth and is influenced by maternal age and parity.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"90","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"63","pageEnd":"67","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/S0029-7844(97)00215-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34431167"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/S0029-7844(97)00215-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9207815"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34431167"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/interleukin-6-and-neopterin-levels-in-serum-of-patients-with-preterm-labour-with-recz3qz5ncjn5ppjq/","name":"Interleukin-6 and neopterin levels in serum of patients with preterm labour with and without infection","headline":"Interleukin-6 and neopterin levels in serum of patients with preterm labour with and without infection","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/interleukin-6-and-neopterin-levels-in-serum-of-patients-with-preterm-labour-with-recz3qz5ncjn5ppjq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerzy Maj"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Oleszczuk","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical University of Lublin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016f61126"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Wawrzycka"}],"datePublished":"1997-07-01","abstract":"We estimated the levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and neopterin, in serum of twelve nonpregnant (group A) and 28 pregnant women between 28-36 weeks of pregnancy. Group B consisted of eight patients with uncomplicated pregnancy, group C consisted of thirteen pregnant women with clinical signs of preterm labour and without laboratory markers of infection and group D consisted of seven pregnant women with signs of preterm labour and with laboratory markers of infection. The levels of IL-6 and neopterin were significantly higher in group D compared to groups A, B and C (p < 0.05). Similarly, the level of C-reactive protein (CRP) and total white blood cell count (the laboratory markers of infection) were significantly higher in group D than in groups A, B and C. Total white blood cell count was significantly lower in group A than in group B and D (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in values of IL-6, neopterin and CRP between groups A, B and C (p > 0.05). In all groups, significant correlations were found between IL-6 and neopterin as well as total white blood cell count and CRP. Our results suggest that IL-6 and neopterin may be the markers of preterm labour caused by infection. On the other hand, cell-mediated immune response may be involved in the mechanisms of preterm labour.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"74","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology"}}},"pageStart":"27","pageEnd":"30","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0301-2115(97)00083-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73556550"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0301-2115(97)00083-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9243197"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73556550"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/disturbances-of-menstruation-in-thyroid-disease-rec4zirgbvotqzkmk/","name":"Disturbances of menstruation in thyroid disease","headline":"Disturbances of menstruation in thyroid disease","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/disturbances-of-menstruation-in-thyroid-disease-rec4zirgbvotqzkmk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"D A Koutras","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Alexandra Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/029hept94"}}],"datePublished":"1997-06-17","abstract":"Both hyperand hypothyroidism may result in menstrual disturbances. In hyperthyroidism, amenorrhea was described as early as 1840 by von Basedow. The most common manifestation is simple oligomenorrhea (decreased menstrual flow). Anovulatory cycles are very common. Increased bleeding may occur, but is rare in hyperthyroidism. Nowadays hyperthyroidism is diagnosed earlier than it once was, and so the clinical picture is generally milder. So, menstrual disorders are less common than in previous series. In a recent paper, 21.5% of 214 patients had disturbances in their cycle, compared to 50% in some older series. In hypothyroidism, on the contrary, polymenorrhea (increased menstrual bleeding) is more common. Defects in hemostasis may contribute to this. Anovulation may be represent. Fertility is reduced in both hyperand hypothyroidism, and the outcome of pregnancy is more often abnormal than in euthyroid women. It is of interest that in juvenile hypothyroidism precocious puberty has been described. This is probably due to a \"spillover\" effect of the glucoprotein hormones: TSH,","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"816","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"}}},"pageStart":"280","pageEnd":"284","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1997.tb52152.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41545099"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1749-6632.1997.tb52152.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9238278"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41545099"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/expanding-the-availability-and-improving-delivery-of-natural-family-planning-ser-recqbnltrp3ejljui/","name":"Expanding the availability and improving delivery of natural family planning  services and fertility awareness education: providers' perspectives","headline":"Expanding the availability and improving delivery of natural family planning  services and fertility awareness education: providers' perspectives","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/expanding-the-availability-and-improving-delivery-of-natural-family-planning-ser-recqbnltrp3ejljui/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marcos Arévalo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5877-4824","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}}],"datePublished":"1997-06-01","abstract":"Despite the recognized benefits for clients and programs of providing natural family planning (NFP) services, few family planning programs offer NFP and few provide fertility awareness education. Furthermore, many non-governmental organizations (NGOs) that provide only NFP actually reach a very small percentage of the potential NFP users in the areas they serve. This paper discusses the results of interviews with selected family planning providers that were conducted to explore reasons why NFP and fertility awareness education are not offered in their programs, and with NFP providers to get their opinions on how to improve service delivery. The interviews were structured around some of the lessons learned from the successful incorporation of the lactational amenorrhea method (LAM) into several multimethod family planning programs. There is agreement that the need for NFP services* is far from being met and that most clients lack the information and skills they could learn through fertility awareness education. The providers interviewed also acknowledged that offering these services would improve the quality of reproductive health services in general. Presented here are some ideas about why these services are not offered, as well as suggestions for integrating NFP and fertility awareness education into existing family planning programs.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2-3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Advances in Contraception : the Official Journal of the Society for the  Advancement of Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"275","pageEnd":"281","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1006524609832","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73676762"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1023/a:1006524609832"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9288346"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73676762"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/bodyself-awareness-and-interpersonal-communications-fundamental-components-of-re-recn05b1si1ovqtkb/","name":"Body/self awareness and interpersonal communications: fundamental components of  reproductive health awareness","headline":"Body/self awareness and interpersonal communications: fundamental components of  reproductive health awareness","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/bodyself-awareness-and-interpersonal-communications-fundamental-components-of-re-recn05b1si1ovqtkb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"K Aumack-Yee","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2423-8318","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harbor-UCLA Medical Center Department of Pediatrics"}}],"datePublished":"1997-06-01","abstract":"To protect and advocate for their own reproductive health, people of all ages can greatly benefit from enhanced body/self awareness and strong interpersonal communication skills. Body/self awareness and interpersonal communications, along with gender awareness and the integration of sexuality, are the fundamental components of a new approach to obtaining high quality health called reproductive health awareness.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2-3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Advances in Contraception : the Official Journal of the Society for the  Advancement of Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"319","pageEnd":"323","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1006584828487","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41588455"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1023/a:1006584828487"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9288351"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41588455"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-effectiveness-evaluating-published-reports-recq5pe8w7gdd52pf/","name":"Natural family planning effectiveness: evaluating published reports","headline":"Natural family planning effectiveness: evaluating published reports","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-effectiveness-evaluating-published-reports-recq5pe8w7gdd52pf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"James Trussell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1417-7849","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Princeton University; Office of Population research; Wallaca Hall Princeton New Jersey USA NJ 08544","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hx57361"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"V Lamprecht","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}}],"datePublished":"1997-06-01","abstract":"Objective: To equip the reader with the tools necessary to evaluate studies of natural family planning (NFP) effectiveness found in the literature and to make recommendations for future NFP effectiveness studies.\nDesign: Current standards to evaluate contraceptive method effectiveness are reviewed. A framework for evaluating reports on NFP is presented.\n\nResults: Most NFP studies found in the literature are flawed in design and do not calculate pregnancy rates correctly. The results from the few well-designed studies are presented.\n\nDISCUSSION: Many factors influence NFP effectiveness, and these factors must be considered when evaluating published studies and designing future studies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2-3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Advances in Contraception : the Official Journal of the Society for the  Advancement of Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"155","pageEnd":"165","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1006595703472","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40891828"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1023/a:1006595703472"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9288333"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40891828"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/changing-behavior-a-challenge-for-reproductive-health-awareness-recmec8j2kjmq4fx4/","name":"Changing behavior: a challenge for reproductive health awareness","headline":"Changing behavior: a challenge for reproductive health awareness","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/changing-behavior-a-challenge-for-reproductive-health-awareness-recmec8j2kjmq4fx4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A.R. Andreasen"}],"datePublished":"1997-06-01","abstract":"Social marketing applies commercial sector ideas to programs to change behavior. It involves a mindset that is customer-focused; a process that starts with customers and continually returns to them for validation; and concepts to make change happen. Customer behavior models guide strategy. One useful model is based on stages of change and four behavioral influences: perceived benefits, perceived costs, the influence of others, and perceived behavioral control.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2-3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Advances in Contraception : the Official Journal of the Society for the  Advancement of Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"351","pageEnd":"353","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1006545114375","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41588485"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1023/a:1006545114375"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9288356"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41588485"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-induced-immunosuppression-is-not-mediated-through-the-progesterone--reck6qhbxfowpxdlj/","name":"Progesterone-induced immunosuppression","headline":"Progesterone-induced immunosuppression","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-induced-immunosuppression-is-not-mediated-through-the-progesterone--reck6qhbxfowpxdlj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"D J Schust","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4561-7808","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D J Anderson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2848-7290","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph A Hill","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5379-1614","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}}],"datePublished":"1997-06-01","abstract":"Progesterone is a known immunosupressant in humans and may be important in treatment regimens for women with immunological and endocrinological reproductive failure. The molecular mechanism of progesterone-mediated immunosuppression remains controversial. We used the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique to detect progesterone receptor RNA in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). No expression could be documented in PBMCs from men or women representing various reproductive states. We also used the glucocorticoid receptor antagonist RU 43044 to address the hypothesis that progesterone exerts immunomodulatory effects via interactions with the glucocorticoid receptor. Both hydrocortisone (10(-6) and 10(-7) M) and progesterone (10(-5), 10(-6) and 10(-7) M) inhibited phytohaemagglutinin-induced lymphocyte proliferation in a dose-dependent fashion. RU 43044 (10(-5) M) significantly reversed the immunosuppressive effect od hydrocortisone but not that of progesterone. These studies indicate that human PBMCs do not express the classical progesterone receptor. Our results further suggest that progesterone does not mediate its immunomodulatory effects via interaction with the glucocorticoid receptor. Interaction with other members of the steroid and thyroid hormone receptor superfamily, local conversion to other steroid substances or non-classical receptor-mediated mechanisms may be involved.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1367","pageEnd":"1368","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a019335","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a019335"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9222033"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/approaches-for-incorporating-ovulation-detection-devices-and-home-kits-into-lear-recr1uimrfrsovzzn/","name":"Approaches for incorporating ovulation detection devices and home kits into  learning NFP--implications for service delivery","headline":"Approaches for incorporating ovulation detection devices and home kits into  learning NFP--implications for service delivery","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/approaches-for-incorporating-ovulation-detection-devices-and-home-kits-into-lear-recr1uimrfrsovzzn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rosemary Kirkman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Manchester","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27"}}],"datePublished":"1997-06-01","abstract":"This paper presents demographic data about use of NFP in Europe and the factors which have been identified as influencing that very low use level. Experience with a new ovulation detection device in clinical trials and observations of its over-the-counter promotions is discussed in the context of what is already known about how to maximize uptake of contraception in main-stream service provision. Some suggestions are offered as to appropriate means of encouraging women who are using artificial methods or no method to understand enough about their natural fertile cycle to consider NFP as an acceptable option.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2-3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Advances in Contraception : the Official Journal of the Society for the  Advancement of Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"269","pageEnd":"272","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1006572525762","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41588428"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1023/a:1006572525762"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9288345"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41588428"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/simplifying-nfp-preliminary-report-of-a-pilot-study-of-the-collar-method-in-braz-recuxjntdsbkrbxk6/","name":"Simplifying NFP: preliminary report of a pilot study of the 'collar' method in  Brazil","headline":"Simplifying NFP: preliminary report of a pilot study of the 'collar' method in  Brazil","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/simplifying-nfp-preliminary-report-of-a-pilot-study-of-the-collar-method-in-braz-recuxjntdsbkrbxk6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A Faundes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4178-6030","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centro de Pesquisas Oncológicas","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052dytr59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria José Duarte Osis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3625-1525"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bárbara Lopes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1400-020X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"V Lamprecht","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}}],"datePublished":"1997-06-01","abstract":"Natural methods of fertility regulation are acceptable in most cultures. Many couples worldwide do not wish to use contraceptives or do not have access to them but wish to limit their family size or lengthen the time between births. Barriers to expanding use of natural family planning (NFP) methods include a lack of providers who can teach NFP and a lack of time to teach and follow couples during the initial months of NFP use. If simple yet effective methods of NFP are available, then NFP could be introduced to a wider audience. Recently, calendar rules have been revised that use a set interval to identify fertile days. These new rules provide better coverage of fertile days and require less abstinence than the rules traditionally used with the calendar method. One of these new rules is being field tested in a pilot study in Brazil. Couples are asked to abstain from day 9-19 (inclusive) of the menstrual cycle, using a beaded necklace (the 'collar') as a mnemonic device. Focus groups with the teacher-monitors and in-depth interviews with female and male users were carried out to evaluate the acceptability of the 'collar' method. A preliminary analysis of these focus groups and interviews from the first site is presented.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2-3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Advances in Contraception : the Official Journal of the Society for the  Advancement of Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"167","pageEnd":"171","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1006547820310","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38504461"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1023/a:1006547820310"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9288334"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38504461"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/appendectomy-is-an-independent-protective-factor-for-ulcerative-colitis-results--recj14bpl3uhc3p7d/","name":"Appendectomy is an independent protective factor for ulcerative colitis: results  of a multicentre case control study. The Italian Group for the Study of the Colon  and Rectum (GISC)","headline":"Appendectomy is an independent protective factor for ulcerative colitis: results  of a multicentre case control study. The Italian Group for the Study of the Colon  and Rectum (GISC)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/appendectomy-is-an-independent-protective-factor-for-ulcerative-colitis-results--recj14bpl3uhc3p7d/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Parrello T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Angelillo IF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Monteleone G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Papi G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D'Incà R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Annese V"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tonelli F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pallone F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Caprilli"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pavia M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0459-6895"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Riegler"}],"datePublished":"1997-06-01","abstract":"Background: Different exogenous factors are believed to play a role in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis. Smoking habits and other risk factors have received much attention. It has recently been reported that appendectomy decreases the risk of ulcerative colitis.\n\nAim: Aim of the study was to further examine the role of appendectomy in ulcerative colitis.\n\nMethods: A large multicentre case control study was performed. Cases were all patients with a recent new diagnosis of ulcerative colitis (from 1990 to 1994) at participating centres. One or two controls attending the orthopaedic and surgical units were considered and matched to cases for age (+/- 5 years), sex and year of diagnosis. A total of 536 cases and 755 controls were enrolled. Mean age of cases was 37.9 years (range 2-92). Assessment of exposure was done by examining the clinical records and by interview, if necessary. Smoking habits, alcohol consumption, use of oral contraceptives, type of occupation and area of residence were also recorded. Odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals were calculated by conditional logistic regression analysis.\n\nResults: Forty-one out of the 536 cases (7.6%) and 150 out of the 755 controls (19.9%) had been submitted to appendectomy. A total of 110 out of 536 cases (20.5%) and 135 out of 753 (17.9%) controls had had tonsillectomy. Seven out of 41 cases and 15 out of 755 controls underwent appendectomy for recurrent pain. In all ulcerative colitis patients, appendectomy had been performed before the onset of disease. When data were adjusted for the confounding variables, ulcerative colitis patients were less likely to have had appendectomy compared with controls (odds ratio = 0.3, confidence interval = 0.19-0.48). There was no significant association of ulcerative colitis with tonsillectomy (odds ratio = 1.09, confidence interval = 0.76-1.58). The well recognized inverse association of ulcerative colitis with cigarette smoking was also shown in this study.\n\nConclusions: The present data emerging from a large multicentre study, confirm that appendectomy has a protective role for the development of ulcerative colitis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"29","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Italian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology"}}},"pageStart":"208","pageEnd":"211","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reproductive-health-awareness-an-integrated-approach-to-obtaining-a-high-quality-recooi7rmlg41prse/","name":"Reproductive health awareness: an integrated approach to obtaining a high quality  of health","headline":"Reproductive health awareness: an integrated approach to obtaining a high quality  of health","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reproductive-health-awareness-an-integrated-approach-to-obtaining-a-high-quality-recooi7rmlg41prse/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M Marshall","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8594-6011","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Victoria Jennings","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9447-4260","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jeannette Cachan"}],"datePublished":"1997-06-01","abstract":"The Georgetown University Institute for Reproductive Health has evolved a multi-dimensional approach to reproductive health education which has grown from their work in natural family planning and fertility awareness. This cohesive approach offers help to community, educational, and health organizations in providing knowledge and skills development in body/self-care, gender awareness, sexuality, and interpersonal communications.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2-3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Advances in Contraception : the Official Journal of the Society for the  Advancement of Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"313","pageEnd":"318","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1006532811649","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41588447"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1023/a:1006532811649"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9288350"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41588447"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/is-the-obstetric-outcome-of-in-vitro-fertilized-singleton-gestations-different-f-recwf44yjmvsfy1hx/","name":"Is the obstetric outcome of in vitro fertilized singleton gestations different from natural ones? A controlled study","headline":"Is the obstetric outcome of in vitro fertilized singleton gestations different from natural ones? A controlled study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/is-the-obstetric-outcome-of-in-vitro-fertilized-singleton-gestations-different-f-recwf44yjmvsfy1hx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Benjamin Reubinoff","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0353-1299","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hadassah Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cqmqj90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Menahem Ben‐Haim","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7798-5368","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hadassah Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cqmqj90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Friedler","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7001-2942","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hadassah Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cqmqj90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Ben-Haim","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4240-6978"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Lewin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7848-045X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hadassah Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cqmqj90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Samueloff","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hadassah Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cqmqj90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J G Schenker","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hadassah Academic College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bdv1r55"}}],"datePublished":"1997-06-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine whether singleton IVF pregnancies carry adverse maternal or fetal outcome when compared with naturally conceived gestations.\n\nDESIGN: An analysis of the obstetric outcome of singleton IVF pregnancies in comparison with matched, naturally conceived singleton controls.\n\nSETTING: In vitro fertilization unit and obstetric service at a tertiary medical center.\n\nPATIENT(S): Two hundred sixty consecutive singleton IVF pregnancies and 260 naturally conceived singleton controls matched 1:1 for maternal age, parity, ethnic origin, and location and date of delivery.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): In vitro fertilization-ET.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The rate of antenatal obstetric complications, nonvertex presentation, cesarean section, preterm labor, low birth weight, small and very small for gestational age, neonatal intensive care unit admissions, and perinatal mortality.\n\nRESULT(S): The rates of most antenatal complications were similar in both groups. Urinary tract infection was the only complication diagnosed significantly more frequently after IVF (7.3% versus 1.2%); however, the rates of severe urinary tract infection necessitating hospitalization were similar. The incidence of nonvertex presentation was also similar. The cesarean section rate was significantly higher among IVF patients (41.9% versus 15.5%). The rates of preterm labor, low birth weight, small and very small for gestational age, neonatal intensive care unit admissions, and perinatal mortality were comparable.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): When controlling for maternal age, parity, ethnic origin, and location and date of delivery, singleton IVF pregnancies do not carry an increased risk for prematurity, low birth weight, or maternal or fetal complications. Still, these pregnancies are associated with a high rate of cesarean sections.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"67","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1077","pageEnd":"1083","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(97)81442-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46359280"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(97)81442-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9176447"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46359280"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/alternatives-to-vaginal-intercourse-practiced-during-the-fertile-time-among-cale-recss0cm9f5rajxw2/","name":"Alternatives to vaginal intercourse practiced during the fertile time among  calendar method users in Ireland","headline":"Alternatives to vaginal intercourse practiced during the fertile time among  calendar method users in Ireland","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/alternatives-to-vaginal-intercourse-practiced-during-the-fertile-time-among-cale-recss0cm9f5rajxw2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J Bonnar","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Trinity College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/019dhar59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"V Lamprecht","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E O'Conner"}],"datePublished":"1997-06-01","abstract":"A pilot study was conducted in Ireland to test the effectiveness of the calendar method of contraception. A conservative rule was used, requiring on average 16 days of abstinence per cycle. Among the 19 couples who entered into the study and were followed for up to seven cycles, there were no pregnancies. Since the length of abstinence was relatively long, we collected data to determine how couples expressed love and affection towards each other during those days when the woman was potentially fertile. We also collected data about barrier method use during the fertile time. We found that almost all couples gave each other hugs and kisses to show affection although couples were taught to abstain from vaginal intercourse during the fertile time. About one-third of the couples avoided genital contact, while about half reported using oral sex and/or frottage (body rubbing). Twice as many men reported using masturbation compared to women, although about half of the couples practiced mutual (partner) masturbation. In addition, about one-fifth of the couples used condoms during the fertile time in some cycles. These findings show that a variety of sexual expressions are used by couples when vaginal intercourse is to be avoided. Knowledge about these alternative sexual expressions may be important for couples who wish to engage in sexual activity and to avoid pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2-3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Advances in Contraception : the Official Journal of the Society for the  Advancement of Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"173","pageEnd":"177","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1006599804380","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38504455"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1023/a:1006599804380"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9288335"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38504455"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-in-new-zealand-a-study-of-continuation-rates-and-charact-recsfgmrrxnkwvdak/","name":"Natural family planning in New Zealand: a study of continuation rates and  characteristics of users","headline":"Natural family planning in New Zealand: a study of continuation rates and  characteristics of users","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-in-new-zealand-a-study-of-continuation-rates-and-charact-recsfgmrrxnkwvdak/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J France","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3017-3207","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Springfield College"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M France","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Building Research Association of New Zealand","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04v2xzv40"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Townend"}],"datePublished":"1997-06-01","abstract":"This study has determined long-term continuation rates of clients who attended clinics of the New Zealand Association of Natural Family Planning and became autonomous users. It has also identified factors which might influence the continuation of NFP use. A total of 509 female subjects, 452 of them with their male partners, were enrolled in the study at the beginning of clinic teaching. Once autonomous they were sent questionnaires at 6-monthly intervals for a period of 24 months. Time out was allowed for pregnancy. The number of female subjects entering the 2-year follow-up phase of the study was 406 (79.8%). Of these 164 completed 2 years of use with 102 (20% of study entrants) using NFP and 62 (12.2%) using fertility awareness in combination with a barrier method. Subjects for whom NFP was their first family planning method, who were Catholic or who gave religion as their reason for choosing NFP were more likely to continue long-term use. The majority of subjects (> 90%) were highly satisfied with NFP use, with the most common reasons for satisfaction being self-awareness, freedom from drugs, naturalness and effectiveness. The difficulties reported related to abstinence and cycle interpretation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2-3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Advances in Contraception : the Official Journal of the Society for the  Advancement of Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"191","pageEnd":"198","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1006504005289","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q53595466"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1023/a:1006504005289"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9288337"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q53595466"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-behavior-of-italian-family-physicians-regarding-the-health-problems-of-women-recoydappezrl6yoh/","name":"The behavior of Italian family physicians regarding the health problems of women  and, in particular, family planning (both contraception and NFP)","headline":"The behavior of Italian family physicians regarding the health problems of women  and, in particular, family planning (both contraception and NFP)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-behavior-of-italian-family-physicians-regarding-the-health-problems-of-women-recoydappezrl6yoh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M Baruchello"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Battaggia"},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Bressan"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Campanella"},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Del Zotti"},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Fedrizzi"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Girotto","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Health Service, Italy."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Gottardi"},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Rosa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7342-9612"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Valente"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Zumerle"}],"datePublished":"1997-06-01","abstract":"The hospital-centered trend that has dominated medical culture and the management of health care during this entire century has, in the last few years, undergone a reversal in Italy. Conditions in other countries suggest that similar changes have or will become increasingly common. The family physician today manages many of the functions previously handled by hospitals and specialists. In the field of reproductive health, family physicians are responsible not only for diagnosis and treatment, but also for prevention and education. The present study considers this new context with the objective of investigating the knowledge and behavior of Italian family physicians in the field of women's health, with particular regard to family planning (including natural family planning), through (1) a qualitative study (focus groups) of a small group of family physicians and (2) a questionnaire sent to 500 family physicians throughout Italy. The results of the focus group are summarized in the form of obstacles that the family physician finds in providing family planning services and proposals for change. The results indicate that because of their holistic approach, the family physician is an appropriate provider of family planning services although continued use of specialists' services, changes in logistics of the family physicians' practice, increased gender sensitivity, and additional training and information are necessary. The results of the questionnaire (121 responses, 24.2%) indicate that the Italian family physician currently lacks certain important information about family planning and would require logistical support to provide these services but is interested in acquiring information and is an appropriate family planning provider. An additional challenge for encouraging family practitioners to provide natural methods is that they favor a \"medical\" approach rather than a \"behavioral\" one in their treatment preferences for several other conditions.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2-3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Advances in Contraception : the Official Journal of the Society for the  Advancement of Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"283","pageEnd":"293","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1006576626670","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50936341"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1023/a:1006576626670"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9288347"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50936341"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/targeted-drug-delivery-in-gynaecology-the-first-uterine-pass-effect-reccklpgbz6asgoyx/","name":"Targeted drug delivery in gynaecology: the first uterine pass effect","headline":"Targeted drug delivery in gynaecology: the first uterine pass effect","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/targeted-drug-delivery-in-gynaecology-the-first-uterine-pass-effect-reccklpgbz6asgoyx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Carlo Bulletti","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8190-9387","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yale University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03v76x132"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dominique De Ziegler","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2513-8220","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mkjjy25"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Bolelli"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Flamigni"},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Franceschetti"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Evaldo Giacomucci","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016zn0y21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"V Polli"}],"datePublished":"1997-05-01","abstract":"The objective was to verify the hypothesis of a 'first uterine pass effect' or direct preferential vagina-to-uterus transport, suggested by the evidence of higher than expected uterine tissue concentrations after vaginal administration of progesterone; we used a human ex-vivo uterine perfusion model. A mixture of tritiated (3H) and unlabelled progesterone was applied to the cuff of vaginal tissue remaining attached to the cervix after hysterectomy. At the end of the perfusion period (up to 12 h), 3H and 14C radioactivity was measured in samples of uterine tissue. Tritiated water and [14C]dextran were tested to determine the extent of non-specific vagina-to-uterus transport (leaks). Finally, sections of uterine tissue exposed only to [3H]progesterone were prepared for autoradiography. By 4-5 h after application progesterone had diffused to the entire uterus and had reached a steady state; 4 h after application, progesterone concentrations reached 185 +/- 155 and 254 +/- 305 ng/100 mg of endometrial and myometrial tissue respectively. Endometrial extraction of progesterone was higher when the experiment was performed on uteri obtained during the luteal phase (280 +/- 156 ng/100 mg of endometrial tissue) than those removed during the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle (74 +/- 28 ng/100 mg of endometrial tissue). These data demonstrate that a 'first uterine pass effect' occurs when drugs are delivered vaginally, thereby providing an explanation for the unexpectedly high uterine concentrations relative to the low serum concentration observed after vaginal administration. Hence, the vaginal route permits targeted drug delivery to the uterus, thereby maximizing the desired effects while minimizing the potential for adverse systemic effects.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1073","pageEnd":"1079","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/12.5.1073","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73440221"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/12.5.1073"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9194669"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73440221"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/successful-pregnancy-in-a-63-year-old-woman-recxzfrss7r1uevmp/","name":"Successful pregnancy in a 63-year-old woman","headline":"Successful pregnancy in a 63-year-old woman","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/successful-pregnancy-in-a-63-year-old-woman-recxzfrss7r1uevmp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary M Francis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Paulson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Children's Hospital of Los Angeles","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00412ts95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H S Salvador","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M H Thornton","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}}],"datePublished":"1997-05-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To report the occurrence of an unusual case of successful pregnancy achieved by oocyte donation in a woman > 60 years of age.\n\nDESIGN: Case report.\n\nSETTING: University-based assisted reproductive technology program.\n\nPATIENT(S): Sixty-three-year old nulligravida, married for 16 years to her 60-year-old husband. Throughout her infertility treatment, the patient was believed to be 10 years younger, as she claimed. She revealed her true age of 63 only upon being referred for obstetric care at 13 weeks of gestational age.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Oocyte donation, IVF, embryo cryopreservation, and ET.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Attainment of pregnancy and subsequent delivery.\n\nRESULT(S): The patient underwent two cycles of oocyte donation. During the second attempt, the fresh transfer resulted in a clinical miscarriage at approximately 8 weeks of gestational age. A subsequent transfer of three frozen-thawed embryos resulted in an ongoing singleton gestation. The pregnancy was complicated by gestational diabetes (controlled by diet) and mild pregnancy-induced hypertension. Delivery by cesarean section at 38 weeks of gestational age resulted in the birth of a healthy female infant weighing 2,844 g with Apgar scores of 9 and 9.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): This case demonstrates that the uterus is capable of supporting nidation and subsequent gestation for many years beyond natural menopause. It shows that other aspects of human physiology are capable of adapting to the stresses and changes of pregnancy sufficiently well to achieve a normal birth at the age of 63 years. This case also exemplifies the difficulty in attempting to regulate the age of recipients in oocyte donation. As in other aspects of human life, when age limits are applied to the provision of certain services, human beings whose age falls outside of these limits become motivated to deceive the providers of those services to avail themselves of the services.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"67","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"949","pageEnd":"951","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(97)81413-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46229471"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(97)81413-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9130906"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46229471"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/follicular-density-in-ovarian-biopsy-of-infertile-women-a-novel-method-to-assess-pfto70nj/","name":"Follicular density in ovarian biopsy of infertile women: a novel method to assess ovarian reserve","headline":"Follicular density in ovarian biopsy of infertile women: a novel method to assess ovarian reserve","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/follicular-density-in-ovarian-biopsy-of-infertile-women-a-novel-method-to-assess-pfto70nj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lass A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4660-622X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Silye R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Abrams DC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Krausz T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"O Hovatta","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5395-3807","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pgex273"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Margara R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Winston RM"}],"datePublished":"1997-05-01","abstract":"The ageing ovary appears to be characterized by depletion of primordial follicles. The relationship between infertility and the number of follicles in the ovarian cortex is not known. Moreover, there are no accurate markers or clinical methods to predict the decline in ovarian reserve. This study investigates the correlation between early follicular follicle stimulating hormone, ovarian size and follicular density in 60 infertile women aged 19-45 years (mean = 34.4 +/- 5.5). An ovarian biopsy was taken from each patient while performing diagnostic laparoscopy (n = 28) or laparotomy for tubal surgery or myomectomy (n = 32). The median number of follicles was similar in tubal and unexplained infertility patients (9.5 versus 5.5). Increasing age showed a significant negative correlation with follicular density and ovarian volume (r = -0.46, P = 0.0003;. r = -0.43, P = 0.0016, respectively). In women > or = 35 years of age the ovarian volume showed a strong correlation with follicular density (r = 0.71, P < 0.0001). Our results indicate that infertile women in their late thirties and over have a decreased ovarian reserve which could possibly be predicted by ovarian volume measurement. Ovarian biopsy may have a place as part of infertility evaluation in older women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1028","pageEnd":"31","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/12.5.1028","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73440206"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/12.5.1028"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9194660"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73440206"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/past-use-of-oral-contraceptives-and-the-risk-of-developing-systemic-lupus-erythe-recm0jmdllfoduj9a/","name":"Past use of oral contraceptives and the risk of developing systemic lupus  erythematosus","headline":"Past use of oral contraceptives and the risk of developing systemic lupus  erythematosus","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/past-use-of-oral-contraceptives-and-the-risk-of-developing-systemic-lupus-erythe-recm0jmdllfoduj9a/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jorge Sánchez‐Guerrero","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2548-7276"},{"@type":"Person","name":"David J Hunter","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3197-752X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Graham A Colditz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7307-0291","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elizabeth W Karlson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M H Liang","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Sanchez-Guerrero","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0021-1388","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard Medical School, Multipurpose Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F E Speizer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}}],"datePublished":"1997-05-01","abstract":"Objective: To examine the relationship between past use of oral contraceptives (OCs) and development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).\n\nMethods: Prospective cohort study of 121,645 women who were followed up every 2 years between 1976 and 1990 as part of the Nurses' Health Study. Women were classified as never users or past users of OCs based on self-report. Incidence of SLE was defined by 1) strict American College of Rheumatology (ACR) classification criteria (> or = 4 ACR criteria), 2) > or = 4 ACR criteria and any physician's diagnosis, 3) > or = 4 ACR criteria and diagnosis by an ACR-certified rheumatologist, 4) > or = 3 ACR criteria, or 5) diagnosis by a physician even if the patient did not meet the ACR criteria.\n\nResults: Compared with never users of OCs, and after adjusting for age and ever use of postmenopausal hormones, the relative risk (95% confidence interval [95% CI]) for the incidence of SLE in the women who had definite cases of SLE (> or = 4 ACR criteria) (n = 99) was 1.4 (0.9-2.1) for past users of OCs. Using the most stringent case definition (ACR criteria plus a diagnosis of SLE by an ACR member) (n = 58), the relative risk for past users compared with never users was 1.9 (95% CI 1.1-3.3). No relationship was observed between duration of OC use or time since first use and the risk of developing SLE.\n\nConclusion: Past use of OCs was associated with a slightly increased risk of developing SLE. The decision to use hormonal contraception must be individualized, but the small absolute risk observed for the development of SLE in white women should not be a dominant factor in the decision.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"40","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Arthritis and Rheumatism"}}},"pageStart":"804","pageEnd":"808","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/art.1780400505","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73343770"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/art.1780400505"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9153539"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73343770"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/bone-mineral-changes-in-young-women-with-hypothalamic-amenorrhea-treated-with-or-recb4xp4h2uecibvv/","name":"Bone mineral changes in young women with hypothalamic amenorrhea treated with oral contraceptives, medroxyprogesterone, or placebo over 12 months","headline":"Bone mineral changes in young women with hypothalamic amenorrhea treated with oral contraceptives, medroxyprogesterone, or placebo over 12 months","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/bone-mineral-changes-in-young-women-with-hypothalamic-amenorrhea-treated-with-or-recb4xp4h2uecibvv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A C Hergenroeder","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2740-596X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Texas Children's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05cz92x43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E O Smith","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Children's Nutrition Research Center at Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03s936v76"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roman J. Shypailo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1134-2482"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lovell A. Jones","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8914-9896"},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Ellis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1431-0494","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Jones","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2206-3320","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oxford","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052gg0110"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W J Klish"}],"datePublished":"1997-05-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to assess (1) whether treatment with oral contraceptives, in comparison with medroxyprogesterone and placebo, improved bone mineral in women with hypothalamic amenorrhea and (2) whether treatment with medroxyprogesterone, in comparison with placebo, improved bone mineral in women with hypothalamic oligomenorrhea.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: The study was a randomized, controlled clinical trial. Twenty-four white women, aged 14 to 28 years, with hypothalamic amenorrhea or oligomenorrhea were prospectively enrolled for a 12-month intervention period. Amenorrheic subjects were randomized to receive oral contraceptives, medroxyprogesterone, or placebo. Oligomenorrheic subjects were randomized to receive medroxyprogesterone or placebo. Bone mineral was measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry at baseline and at 6 and 12 months.\n\nRESULTS: In amenorrheic subjects spine and total body bone mineral measurements at 12 months were greater in the oral contraceptive group than in the medroxyprogesterone and placebo groups when baseline bone mineral measurements, body weight, and age were controlled for (p < or = 0.05). There were no differences in hip bone mineral calcium and bone mineral density measurements at 12 months among the three groups. In oligomenorrheic subjects there was no detectable improvement in bone mineral associated with medroxyprogesterone use.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: This study supports the hypothesis that oral contraceptive use in women with hypothalamic amenorrhea will improve lumbar spine and total body bone mineral.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"176","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1017","pageEnd":"1025","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9378(97)70396-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73372395"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0002-9378(97)70396-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9166162"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73372395"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/revised-american-society-for-reproductive-medicine-classification-of-endometrios-recsjhdbojuzbebt9/","name":"Revised American Society for Reproductive Medicine classification of endometriosis: 1996","headline":"Revised American Society for Reproductive Medicine classification of endometriosis: 1996","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/revised-american-society-for-reproductive-medicine-classification-of-endometrios-recsjhdbojuzbebt9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"American Society for Reproductive Medicine"}],"datePublished":"1997-05-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"67","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"817","pageEnd":"821","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(97)81391-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55933584"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(97)81391-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9130884"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q55933584"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/exercise-associated-cancellous-bone-change-positive-effect-of-ovulation-1116-recj6jji9bixq8kgs/","name":"EXERCISE-ASSOCIATED CANCELLOUS BONE CHANGE: POSITIVE EFFECT OF OVULATION 1116","headline":"EXERCISE-ASSOCIATED CANCELLOUS BONE CHANGE: POSITIVE EFFECT OF OVULATION 1116","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/exercise-associated-cancellous-bone-change-positive-effect-of-ovulation-1116-recj6jji9bixq8kgs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan I Barr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8701-7152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M A Petit","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8390-0773","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y M Vigna","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8840-192X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"1997-05-01","abstract":"Current concepts suggest that normal estrogen levels are necessary for exercise to have an osteogenic effect on bone. In a population of running and sedentary women Prior et al. (NEJM, 1990) have shown that consistent ovulation is necessary to prevent spinal cancellous bone loss. Change in spinal bone mineral density was measured by quantitative computed tomography (QCT) in running and sedentary women over one year, along with prospective documentation of dietary, menstrual cycle, hormonal, and exercise variables. Of the 66 women studied only 12 remained ovulatory throughout the year. Forty-two women were runners of which 6 were consistently ovulatory. We hypothesized that ovulation would interact with an exercise effect on cancellous bone. Analysis of the 42 runners showed an average loss in bone of 1.8%. Luteal phase index (r = 0.509) and average progesterone (r = 0.381) were correlated with change in QCT, but not estrogen, calcium, or any other hormonal, dietary, or morphometric variable. There was a negative association between change in QCT and number of km run/week (r = -0.319). In the 12 consistently ovulatory women, average cancellous bone increased in runners(≈2%) and decreased in nonrunners (N) by ≈1% (seefig.). These data are the first to show an increase in purely cancellous bone with moderate levels of aerobic activity. The results suggest that the presence of consistently ovulatory cycles, and thus progesterone in addition to estrogen, may be necessary for an osteogenic effect of low impact exercise (running) on cancellous bone.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"29","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"Supplement","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise"}}},"pageStart":"196","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199705001-01114","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/00005768-199705001-01114"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/laparoscopic-fimbrioplasty-and-neosalpingostomy-experience-of-the-yaounde-genera-s3hwbmjf/","name":"Laparoscopic fimbrioplasty and neosalpingostomy. Experience of the Yaoundé General Hospital, Cameroon (report of 194 cases)","headline":"Laparoscopic fimbrioplasty and neosalpingostomy. Experience of the Yaoundé General Hospital, Cameroon (report of 194 cases)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/laparoscopic-fimbrioplasty-and-neosalpingostomy-experience-of-the-yaounde-genera-s3hwbmjf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Marie Kasia","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon; Gynecological Endoscopic Surgery and Human Reproductive Teaching H..."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Raiga J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Doh AS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Biouele JM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J L Pouly","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Gynaecology and Human Reproduction Department, Hotel-Dieu, Clermont-Ferrand, France."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kwiatkowski F","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4041-3999"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Edzoa T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bruhat MA"}],"datePublished":"1997-05-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE(S): To study the fertility results after laparoscopic distal tuboplasty and compare them with the data in the literature.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: 194 laparoscopic distal tuboplasties were carried out from May 1992 to May 1994 in the Yaounde General Hospital (Cameroon). The results were analysed according to the age of the patients, the type and duration of infertility, past history of abortion, laparotomy and Chlamydia trachomatis infection, the tube and adhesion scores, surgical procedures and achievement of pregnancy. The fertility rates were calculated according to Cramer's method [11]. The cumulative pregnancy rate curves were drawn up from the life table [12] and compared using the Log-Rank test.\n\nRESULTS: 53 patients obtained pregnancy (27.3%) of which 45 were inter-uterine (23.2%) and 8 ectopic (4.1%). Of the 45 intra-uterine pregnancies (IUP), 36 were obtained after fimbrioplasty (33.3%) and 9 after neosalpingostomy (10.5%). The monthly fertility rate at one year was 1.4%. The rate of IUP for tube stages I and II is significantly higher than that for stages III and IV (p<0.001). However the rate of ectopic pregnancies (EP) is proportional to damage to the tubes. Infection with Chlamydia trachomatis, and residual inflammation could have an effect on the achievement of pregnancy.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Our results are similar to those found in the literature. The tube stage thus remains the decisive factor in terms of fertility (Cox: p<0.001). Operative laparoscopy is the best alternative in our countries compared with laparotomy for distal tubal pathology.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0301-2115(96)02674-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37882904"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0301-2115(96)02674-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9175693"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37882904"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/screening-for-postpartum-depression-an-antepartum-questionnaire-reckkpdldu0bnfier/","name":"Screening for postpartum depression. An antepartum questionnaire","headline":"Screening for postpartum depression. An antepartum questionnaire","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/screening-for-postpartum-depression-an-antepartum-questionnaire-reckkpdldu0bnfier/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Posner NA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Unterman RR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Williams KN"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Williams GH"}],"datePublished":"1997-04-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To develop and evaluate a questionnaire used antepartum to screen for postpartum depression.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: Demographic and clinical data, based on previously identified variables, were obtained from 106 second-trimester gravidas (sample I) by interview, self-administered questionnaire and medical record review. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was administered at 1, 6 and 12 weeks postpartum (PP). Statistical analysis, including stepwise linear regression with maximum r-squared improvement, identified a subset of the 24 most predictive variables. This antepartum questionnaire (APQ) was validated retrospectively in the original sample and prospectively in a second group of 99 women (sample II).\n\nRESULTS: In both sample populations the APQ had acceptable sensitivity (80-82%) and specificity (78-82%). The incidence of postpartum depressive symptoms (PPDS) rose from 10% to 17% by six weeks without an appreciable decline at 12 weeks (15%). The percentage of women showing more than mild depressive symptoms increased with PP time from 30% at 1 week to 47% at 12.\n\nCONCLUSION: The APQ is now available for screening and evaluating early therapeutic intervention in PPDS.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"42","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"207","pageEnd":"215","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/paradoxical-downregulation-and-desensitization-of-beta2adrenoceptors-by-exogenou-6e1qmlma/","name":"Paradoxical down-regulation and desensitization of beta2-adrenoceptors by exogenous progesterone in female asthmatics","headline":"Paradoxical down-regulation and desensitization of beta2-adrenoceptors by exogenous progesterone in female asthmatics","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/paradoxical-downregulation-and-desensitization-of-beta2adrenoceptors-by-exogenou-6e1qmlma/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Tan KS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"McFarlane LC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lipworth BJ"}],"datePublished":"1997-04-01","abstract":"We have demonstrated previously that exogenous progesterone, but not estrogen, up-regulated lymphocyte beta2-adrenoceptors (beta2-AR) when given during the follicular phase in healthy women. Female asthmatics exhibit loss of the cyclical pattern of beta2-AR regulation seen in healthy women, in that there is no luteal phase rise in beta2-AR. It has been postulated that abnormal cyclical regulation of beta2-AR might be a possible mechanism for premenstrual asthma. In this study, we were interested to see how exogenous female sex-steroid hormones altered beta2-AR regulation in female asthmatics during the follicular phase, when endogenous hormone levels are normally low. Seven nonsmoking female subjects with mild asthma, with a mean (SEM) age of 26 (2) years and FEV1 of 94.7% (6.4) of predicted, completed this randomized, double-blind, crossover study. They were evaluated at two successive menstrual cycles, during the follicular phase (day 1 to 6). They were randomized to receive single oral doses of either ethinyl estradiol (ethinyloestradiol), 50 microg, or medroxyprogesterone, 10 mg. Lymphocyte beta2-AR parameters were evaluated at baseline (T0), 24 h (T24), and 72 h (T72) after ingestion. Baseline levels of progesterone and estradiol were comparable on both cycles. Receptor binding density (log Bmax; fmol/10(6) cells) decreased significantly after progesterone but not after estrogen at T24: amounting to a 1.34-fold mean difference (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01 to 1.78) between T24 vs T0 with progesterone. Comparing Bmax for progesterone with estrogen at T24 amounted to a 1.25-fold significant difference (95% CI, 1.00 to 1.56). This was associated with a trend (p=0.06) toward a lower cyclic-adenosine monophosphate (AMP) response to isoproterenol hydrochloride (isoprenaline) 10(-4) M (Emax) at T24 vs T0 with progesterone. Receptor binding affinity (Kd) was not altered by either treatment. These results show that exogenous progesterone, but not estrogen, given during the follicular phase, decreased beta2-AR density and cyclic-AMP response in female asthmatics, in contrast to the previously observed up-regulating effect of progesterone seen in healthy women. This paradoxical effect of progesterone in female asthmatics suggests an abnormal regulation of beta2-AR and might be a possible mechanism for premenstrual asthma when progesterone levels are high during this period of the cycle.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"111","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Chest"}}},"pageStart":"847","pageEnd":"51","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.111.4.847","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50961654"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1378/chest.111.4.847"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9106558"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50961654"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/extended-clomiphene-citrate-cc-and-prednisone-for-the-treatment-of-chronic-anovu-rec5xhsirikco68q0/","name":"Extended clomiphene citrate (CC) and prednisone for the treatment of chronic anovulation resistant to CC alone","headline":"Extended clomiphene citrate (CC) and prednisone for the treatment of chronic anovulation resistant to CC alone","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/extended-clomiphene-citrate-cc-and-prednisone-for-the-treatment-of-chronic-anovu-rec5xhsirikco68q0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"John D. Isaacs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6103-7056","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Mississippi Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/044pcn091"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephen Lincoln","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tennessee at Knoxville","sameAs":"https://ror.org/020f3ap87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B D Cowan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Mississippi Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/044pcn091"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Isaacs JD Jr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9693-4993"}],"datePublished":"1997-04-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate effectiveness and safety of a regimen of extended clomiphene citrate (CC) and prednisone for patients who fail treatment with CC alone.\n\nDESIGN: Retrospective observational analysis.\n\nSETTING: University-based tertiary infertility center.\n\nPATIENT(S): Twenty-four anovulatory patients who failed to ovulate after CC 150 mg administered for 5 days.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Treatment consisted of CC given on cycle days 3 through 9 (extended) at a starting dose of 100 to 150 mg/d. Additionally, patients were given prednisone 5 mg orally each night throughout the cycle.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Ovulation was confirmed by luteal serum P. Pregnancy was confirmed by rising hCG levels and transvaginal ultrasound.\n\nRESULT(S): A total of 60 cycles were available for review. Forty-four of these cycles were ovulatory (73%) and 11 patients (46%) conceived on this therapy. Logistic (two-parameter) pregnancy occurrence over time (cycles) revealed a maximum pregnancy probability of 0.66 and a cycle fecundity of 0.36. No complications of therapy were noted.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Clomiphene citrate-resistant anovulatory patients have high rates of ovulation and pregnancy after treatment with extended CC and prednisone. This therapy offers a potential reduction in cost and risk and should be considered in this group of patients before gonadotropin stimulation or surgery.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"67","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"641","pageEnd":"643","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(97)81359-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41418269"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(97)81359-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9093187"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41418269"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/interleukin-8-in-urine-a-new-diagnostic-parameter-for-intra-amniotic-infection-a-rec7ofwiqwfaychzd/","name":"Interleukin-8 in urine: a new diagnostic parameter for intra-amniotic infection after premature rupture of the membranes","headline":"Interleukin-8 in urine: a new diagnostic parameter for intra-amniotic infection after premature rupture of the membranes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/interleukin-8-in-urine-a-new-diagnostic-parameter-for-intra-amniotic-infection-a-rec7ofwiqwfaychzd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hans‐Joachim Gramm","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Freie Universität Berlin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/046ak2485"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hans‐Karl Weitzel","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Freie Universität Berlin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/046ak2485"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Bisson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Freie Universität Berlin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/046ak2485"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Buschmann","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Freie Universität Berlin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/046ak2485"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Hensel","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Freie Universität Berlin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/046ak2485"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Hopp","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2230-641X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Freie Universität Berlin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/046ak2485"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Stiemer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Freie Universität Berlin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/046ak2485"}}],"datePublished":"1997-04-01","abstract":"Interleukin-8 (IL-8), a 72 amino acid peptide secreted by cells of the immune system and of the amnion, chorion and decidua, was measured in women in late pregnancy. IL-8 was detected in the urine of 91 of 104 women with premature rupture of the fetal membranes, with values exceeding 1000 ng/L in cases of severe intra-amniotic infection. Women with urinary tract infections were excluded. The routine measurement of IL-8 in urine, together with C-reactive protein in serum, thus provides a low risk and technically simple approach to the assessment of intra-amniotic infection.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"104","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"499","pageEnd":"502","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1997.tb11504.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73320245"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1471-0528.1997.tb11504.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9141589"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73320245"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/time-to-pregnancy-and-preterm-delivery-recloczqfhphrabra/","name":"Time to pregnancy and preterm delivery","headline":"Time to pregnancy and preterm delivery","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/time-to-pregnancy-and-preterm-delivery-recloczqfhphrabra/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"T BRINKHENRIKSEN","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aarhus University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040r8fr65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D DAYBAIRD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joy E. Olsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8006-0139","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aarhus University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040r8fr65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N JORGENSECHER","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aarhus University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040r8fr65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D D Baird","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5544-2653","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, PO Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Hedegaard","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T B Henriksen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6933-8294","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aarhus University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040r8fr65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Olsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7311-6205","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aarhus University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040r8fr65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N J Secher"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A J Wilcox","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3376-1311","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, PO Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}}],"datePublished":"1997-04-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To test whether subfertile women may be at higher risk of preterm delivery.\n\nMETHODS: We used data from two population-based cohort studies on risk factors and pregnancy outcome for approximately 20,000 deliveries in three major Danish obstetric departments. The Aalborg-Odense study comprised all pregnant women attending routine antenatal care at two obstetric departments from 1984 to 1987. In all, 11,850 women (86%) filled in a questionnaire at about 36 weeks' gestation. The Aarhus study addressed women at the routine visit near 16 weeks' gestation from 1989 to 1991; a study questionnaire was returned by 6857 (80%). Both studies excluded women with chronic illnesses, multiple fetuses, and inability to speak Danish. Only women with planned pregnancies were included in the analysis. In all, 8855 and 3985 women from Aalborg-Odense and Aarhus, respectively, were eligible for the analyses. In both cohorts, women were categorized according to their waiting time to pregnancy (0-6 months, 7-12 months, and greater than 1 year) and according to examination or treatment for infertility (yes, no). Preterm delivery was defined as birth before 37 completed weeks.\n\nRESULTS: Compared with women who tried for 6 months or less before they conceived, women who tried for 7-12 months had 1.3 times (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.8, 2.1) the adjusted risk of preterm delivery in both cohorts, and women with a time to pregnancy of greater than 12 months had adjusted relative risks for preterm delivery of 1.6 (95% CI 1.1, 2.2) for Aalborg-Odense and 1.7 (95% CI 1.1, 2.6) for Aarhus. The results remained similar after excluding women with infertility treatment.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Pregnant women with subfertility and clinically defined infertility are more prone to preterm delivery, even in the absence of infertility treatment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"89","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"594","pageEnd":"599","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(97)00045-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57420073"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0029-7844(97)00045-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9083319"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q57420073"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/classification-of-normogonadotropic-infertility-polycystic-ovaries-diagnosed-by--reca5yslypvasyrbv/","name":"Classification of normogonadotropic infertility: polycystic ovaries diagnosed by ultrasound versus endocrine characteristics of polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"Classification of normogonadotropic infertility: polycystic ovaries diagnosed by ultrasound versus endocrine characteristics of polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/classification-of-normogonadotropic-infertility-polycystic-ovaries-diagnosed-by--reca5yslypvasyrbv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Evert J. P. van Santbrink","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3850-0206","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Erasmus MC","sameAs":"https://ror.org/018906e22"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B C Fauser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3865-4371","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Erasmus MC","sameAs":"https://ror.org/018906e22"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W C Hop","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Erasmus MC","sameAs":"https://ror.org/018906e22"}}],"datePublished":"1997-03-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To investigate the predictive value of polycystic ovaries for endocrine signs of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).\n\nDESIGN: Controlled descriptive study.\n\nSETTING: Academic tertiary care fertility clinic.\n\nPATIENT(S): Normogonadotropic (FSH levels between 1 and 10 mIU/mL conversion factor to SI unit, 1.0) oligomenorrheic or amenorrheic women visiting our fertility clinic and a control group of regularly cycling, healthy, normal weight volunteers recruited by advertisement.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Single blood samples and transvaginal sonography were performed.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Serum levels of FSH, LH, androstenedione (A), and T and ovarian volume, ovarian stroma density, and follicle number.\n\nRESULT(S): In control women, the 95th percentile was calculated for ovarian volume, follicle number, and stroma count as well as endocrine parameters. The use of these upper limits of normal in the study group resulted in 217 (66%) patients with polycystic ovaries on ultrasound (defined as increased mean ovarian volume and/or mean follicle number per ovary), whereas only 120 (36%) patients exhibited elevated serum androgens (increased A and/or T concentrations) and 155 (47%) showed elevated LH levels. Sensitivity and specificity of single or combined sonographic parameters for prediction of elevated serum LH or androgen concentrations were limited.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): In the study group of normogonadotropic oligomenorrhea or amenorrheic infertile women, we set strict cutoff levels for various criteria used in the literature for defining PCOS. Groups defined by sonographic or endocrine PCOS criteria did overlap, but sonographic parameters had limited predictive value for abnormal hormone serum levels.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"67","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"452","pageEnd":"458","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(97)80068-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34420725"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(97)80068-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9091329"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34420725"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/physiologic-estradiol-replacement-therapy-and-cardiac-structure-and-function-in--rec44lv9q01ttawei/","name":"Physiologic estradiol replacement therapy and cardiac structure and function in normal postmenopausal women: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial","headline":"Physiologic estradiol replacement therapy and cardiac structure and function in normal postmenopausal women: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/physiologic-estradiol-replacement-therapy-and-cardiac-structure-and-function-in--rec44lv9q01ttawei/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M SNABES"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jessie Payne","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6164-9896","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"HELENA KOPELEN","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J DUNN"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert N. Young","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8235-6080","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W A Zoghbi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0802-0455","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}}],"datePublished":"1997-03-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of estradiol (E2) replacement therapy on cardiac structure and function in healthy postmenopausal women.\n\nMETHODS: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study of 31 healthy postmenopausal female volunteer study subjects (55-65 years) using 12 weeks of micronized E2 replacement therapy (2 mg/day). Echocardiography and Doppler techniques were used to assess the cardiac effects of E2 at rest and during graded bicycle ergometry.\n\nRESULTS: Crossover analysis demonstrated no carryover effects of estrogen treatment (which increased serum E2 15-fold to 37.6 pmol/L) on the cardiac characteristics measured. Estradiol treatment did not affect measurements of systolic function, diastolic function, left ventricular mass, or pulmonary artery pressure at rest or during bicycle ergometry. Left ventricular end-diastolic volume at rest was slightly higher with E2 treatment (P = .03). However, this change was not reflected by changes in stroke volume, ejection fraction, or cardiac output.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Estrogen replacement therapy, which results in physiologic serum concentrations, does not affect cardiac structure or function in normal postmenopausal women after 12 weeks of treatment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"89","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"332","pageEnd":"339","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/S0029-7844(96)00521-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73114802"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/S0029-7844(96)00521-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9052580"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73114802"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancy-outcome-after-laparoscopic-fimbrioplasty-in-nonocclusive-distal-tubal--mzdwrz4o/","name":"Pregnancy outcome after laparoscopic fimbrioplasty in nonocclusive distal tubal disease","headline":"Pregnancy outcome after laparoscopic fimbrioplasty in nonocclusive distal tubal disease","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancy-outcome-after-laparoscopic-fimbrioplasty-in-nonocclusive-distal-tubal--mzdwrz4o/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Saleh WA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dlugi AM"}],"datePublished":"1997-03-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine pregnancy rates (PR) after fimbrioplasty and salpingostomy in nonocclusive distal tubal disease. To evaluate the relative impact of various factors using contemporary statistical analysis.\n\nDESIGN: Prospective cohort.\n\nSETTING: Tertiary institutional infertility clinic.\n\nPATIENTS(S): Infertility patients.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Fimbrioplasty and salpingostomy.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Cumulative PR, monthly fecundity rates, monthly probability of pregnancy, crude PR, and cure rates.\n\nRESULTS(S): Thirty-five percent of patients conceived with a cure rate of 72.2%, monthly probability of pregnancy of 3.9%, and monthly fecundity rate of 3.9%. Cumulative PRs were 22%, 35%, and 58% at 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively. Pairwise comparisons (unilateral, bilateral, or either) failed to detect any statistical difference between the salpingostomy and fimbrioplasty groups. Salpingostomy patients initially may have a higher tendency to become pregnant but appear to lose that advantage after the first few months. When patients with tubo-ovarian adhesions are excluded from the analysis, patients who underwent a bilateral salpingostomy as their sole procedure had better outcome compared with those who only underwent bilateral fimbrioplasty. There was no significant association between pregnancy outcome and the presence of endometriosis, other infertility factors, or tubo-ovarian adhesions. The staging of adnexal adhesions and endometriosis did not predict pregnancy outcome.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Laparoscopic fimbrioplasty and salpingostomy are clinically efficacious for the treatment of nonocclusive distal tubal disease. After accounting for statistical interactions of various factors among them, no particular association with pregnancy outcome could be identified. This illustrates the need for a revision of the classification of patients with distal tubal disease.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(97)80072-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73198759"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(97)80072-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9091333"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73198759"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-pregnant-woman-with-clear-cell-adenocarcinoma-of-the-ovary-arising-from-endome-recevxvdpkeuzvnev/","name":"A pregnant woman with clear cell adenocarcinoma of the ovary arising from endometriosis and with benign and borderline adenofibroma of the clear cell and endometrioid types","headline":"A pregnant woman with clear cell adenocarcinoma of the ovary arising from endometriosis and with benign and borderline adenofibroma of the clear cell and endometrioid types","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-pregnant-woman-with-clear-cell-adenocarcinoma-of-the-ovary-arising-from-endome-recevxvdpkeuzvnev/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"T Sugiyama","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3656-437X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kurume University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00vjxjf30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Nishida","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8220-2738","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kurume University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00vjxjf30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Iwanaga","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kurume University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00vjxjf30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Akemi Kataoka","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kurume University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00vjxjf30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Okura","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kurume University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00vjxjf30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Yakushiji","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kurume University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00vjxjf30"}}],"datePublished":"1997-03-01","abstract":"We encountered a case of ovarian cancer in a 33-year-old, 8-week pregnant woman. Histological examination revealed both a transitive form of ovarian endometriosis with marked decidual changes due to pregnancy and clear cell carcinoma. Benign and borderline clear cell adenofibroma and benign and borderline endometrioid adenofibroma were also found. Parts of these adenofibromas showed transformation to clear cell carcinoma. This case suggests that clear cell carcinoma can arise from clear cell adenofibromas and/or ovarian endometriosis, even in young patients.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"72","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology"}}},"pageStart":"47","pageEnd":"50","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0301-2115(96)02645-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73168228"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0301-2115(96)02645-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9076421"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73168228"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/unexplained-infertility-evaluation-of-the-luteal-phase-results-of-the-national-c-recrynygepjdukmls/","name":"Unexplained infertility: evaluation of the luteal phase; results of the National Center for Infertility Research at Michigan","headline":"Unexplained infertility: evaluation of the luteal phase; results of the National Center for Infertility Research at Michigan","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/unexplained-infertility-evaluation-of-the-luteal-phase-results-of-the-national-c-recrynygepjdukmls/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"John F. Randolph","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4901-7711","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Michigan–Ann Arbor","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C M Blacker","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wayne State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01070mq45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K A Ginsburg"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R E Leach"},{"@type":"Person","name":"K S Moghissi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wayne State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01070mq45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Randolph","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8430-0980","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Wisconsin–Madison"}}],"datePublished":"1997-03-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the luteal phase in women with rigorously defined unexplained infertility.\n\nDESIGN: Prospective study.\n\nSETTING: National Center for Infertility Research at Michigan.\n\nPATIENT(S): Evaluation of 1,885 women with infertility identified 12 women who met the rigorously defined criteria for unexplained infertility: [1] infertility of > or = 24 months duration, with no male factor, anatomic-functional disorders of the reproductive tract, or immunologic infertility; [2] normal body mass index (BMI); [3] ovulatory cycles ranging from 26 to 32 days; [4] normal luteal phase determined by endometrial biopsy; and [5] normal baseline hormonal profile. Controls (n = 12) were healthy, parous women with normal ovulatory cycles, normal hormonal screen, and were matched for age and BMI to patients.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Pattern of follicular growth rate and luteal phase hormonal profile.\n\nRESULT(S): Women with unexplained infertility did not differ in menstrual cycle characteristics, follicular growth rate or mean preovulatory follicle diameter, or endometrial biopsy dating. The mean levels of P tended to be lower in the unexplained infertility group throughout the luteal phase, but only the midluteal interval reached statistical significance. Luteal phase mean integrated P or urinary PDG levels of unexplained infertility women did not differ from those of fertile controls. The ratio of integrated E2:P also was significantly greater in women with unexplained infertility than in fertile controls.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Women with rigorously defined unexplained infertility have subtle hormonal anomalies during the luteal phase when compared with fertile controls.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"67","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"437","pageEnd":"442","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(97)80066-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47333309"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(97)80066-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9091327"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47333309"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/medroxyprogesterone-interferes-with-ovarian-steroid-protection-against-coronary--recvqvrevccf6kwjj/","name":"Medroxyprogesterone interferes with ovarian steroid protection against coronary vasospasm","headline":"Medroxyprogesterone interferes with ovarian steroid protection against coronary vasospasm","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/medroxyprogesterone-interferes-with-ovarian-steroid-protection-against-coronary--recvqvrevccf6kwjj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"K Miyagawa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7409-3727","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Oregon 97006, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Hermsmeyer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oregon National Primate Research Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05fcfqq67"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Josef Rösch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7004-8980","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oregon Health & Science University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/009avj582"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Frank Z Stanczyk","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3607-121X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}}],"datePublished":"1997-03-01","abstract":"Cardiovascular disease, the major cause of death in post-menopausal women, can be reduced by replacement of ovarian steroid hormones. To compare medroxyprogesterone with progesterone as the progestin in hormone replacement therapy from the standpoint of coronary artery vasospasm, we treated ovariectomized rhesus monkeys with physiological levels of estradiol-17 beta in combination with medroxyprogesterone or progesterone for four weeks. Coronary vasospasm in response to pathophysiological stimulation without injury showed that progesterone plus estradiol protected but medroxyprogesterone plus estradiol failed to protect, allowing vasospasm. We conclude that medroxyprogesterone in contrast to progesterone increases the risk of coronary vasospasm.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nature Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"324","pageEnd":"327","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1038/nm0397-324","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73122425"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/nm0397-324"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9055861"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73122425"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-and-safety-of-finasteride-reczuz8g4iovcfpq1/","name":"Efficacy and safety of finasteride?","headline":"Efficacy and safety of finasteride?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-and-safety-of-finasteride-reczuz8g4iovcfpq1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"F Durmuşoğlu"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Erenus","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9385-7350","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marmara University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02kswqa67"}}],"datePublished":"1997-03-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"67","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"589","pageEnd":"590","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(97)80100-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73198797"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(97)80100-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9091357"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73198797"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovarian-atypical-endometriosis-its-close-association-with-malignant-epithelial-t-recioubhk3m6ssria/","name":"Ovarian atypical endometriosis: its close association with malignant epithelial tumours","headline":"Ovarian atypical endometriosis: its close association with malignant epithelial tumours","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovarian-atypical-endometriosis-its-close-association-with-malignant-epithelial-t-recioubhk3m6ssria/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M Fukunaga","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8700-4009","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kawasaki Medical School","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059z11218"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Ishikawa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6961-2361","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jikei University School of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/039ygjf22"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Nomura","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8923-2065","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kōchi University"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Ushigome"}],"datePublished":"1997-03-01","abstract":"The incidence of ovarian atypical endometriosis and its association with malignant epithelial tumours in a consecutive series of cases during the period 1987 to 1995 were studied. Atypical glandular changes were observed in four (1.7%) of 255 ovarian endometriosis cases and one patient with ovarian atypical endometriosis developed subsequent endometrioid carcinoma in the abdominal wall. Fifty-four (24.1%) of the 224 ovarian cancers were associated with ovarian endometriosis; 21 with typical and 33 with atypical endometriosis. Clear cell carcinomas and endometrioid carcinomas were most frequently associated with endometriosis, with 54% (27 of 50 cases) and 41.9% (13 of 31), respectively. Atypical endometriosis was found in 18 clear cell carcinomas, in seven endometrioid carcinomas, in four serous carcinomas, in three mucinous borderline tumours, and in one serous borderline tumour. In 13 cases, the atypical endometriosis was in contiguity with malignant epithelial tumours. We consider that atypical endometriosis possesses a precancerous potential or is most frequently associated with clear cell and endometrioid carcinomas. Close screening of cellular atypia or hyperplasia in ovarian endometriosis and careful long-term follow-up of patients with atypical endometriosis is required.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"30","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Histopathology"}}},"pageStart":"249","pageEnd":"255","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2559.1997.d01-592.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73193912"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1046/j.1365-2559.1997.d01-592.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9088954"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73193912"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/practice-patterns-among-reproductive-endocrinologists-the-infertility-evaluation-rec0vjbdxqnl6x2ei/","name":"Practice patterns among reproductive endocrinologists: the infertility evaluation","headline":"Practice patterns among reproductive endocrinologists: the infertility evaluation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/practice-patterns-among-reproductive-endocrinologists-the-infertility-evaluation-rec0vjbdxqnl6x2ei/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Isaac Glatstein","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B L Harlow","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6735-8862","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M D Hornstein","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}}],"datePublished":"1997-03-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine how board-certified reproductive endocrinologists vary in their approach to the clinical tests performed on the infertile couple.\n\nDESIGN: A cross-sectional study to assess differences in the approach to evaluating the infertile couple.\n\nSETTING: A population-based national survey.\n\nPARTICIPANT(S): United States board-certified reproductive endocrinologists.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The frequency of clinical tests and evaluation procedures by physician age, sex, size and setting of practice, institutional affiliation, and geographic location.\n\nRESULT(S): The overall response rate was 84%. Although the majority of practitioners routinely order a semen analysis (99.9%), an assessment of ovulation (98%), a hysterosalpingogram, (HSG; 96%), laparoscopy (89%), and a postcoital test (PCT, 79%), there was less agreement regarding hormonal testing (range, 22% [LH] to 66% [PRL]), use of pelvic ultrasounds (55%), hysteroscopy (53%), cervical cultures (range, 24% to 54%), and antisperm antibody testing (24%). Compared with male colleagues, female physicians order two to three times more cervical cultures and endometrial biopsies. Serum hormonal testing was two to three times more commonly ordered by younger (< 40 years) compared with older physicians, and physicians in private practice twice as frequently ordered hormonal testing, cervical cultures, PCTs, and antisperm antibody studies compared with their academic-affiliated colleagues. Western U.S. physicians order hormonal tests and cervical cultures 50% less often than their midwest and eastern counterparts.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Trained specialists rely heavily on five \"traditional\" infertility tests: semen analysis, an assessment of ovulation, HSG, laparoscopy, and PCT. With regard to additional modes of testing, there is marked variability by physician sex, age, type of practice, and geographic location.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"67","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"443","pageEnd":"451","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(97)80067-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50963839"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(97)80067-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9091328"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50963839"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-assessment-of-normal-and-abnormal-luteal-function-by-transvaginal-color-dopp-rec57mgi87id9dvxw/","name":"The assessment of normal and abnormal luteal function by transvaginal color Doppler sonography","headline":"The assessment of normal and abnormal luteal function by transvaginal color Doppler sonography","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-assessment-of-normal-and-abnormal-luteal-function-by-transvaginal-color-dopp-rec57mgi87id9dvxw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S Kupesic","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Zagreb","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00mv6sv71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Kurjak","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Klinička bolnica \"Sveti Duh\"","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t8kk495"}}],"datePublished":"1997-03-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate intraovarian resistance index (RI) in 47 healthy fertile volunteers with ovulatory cycles, 28 patients with luteal phase defect (LPD) and four patients with luteinized unruptured follicle (LUF Sy).\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: Transvaginal color Doppler assessment of the follicular and corpus luteum blood flow and plasma progesterone (P) levels were obtained in each patient.\n\nRESULTS: Significantly higher intraovarian artery RI (< 0.001) was obtained for LPD group than for controls during the luteal phase. In the control group both follicular and corpus luteum RI were significantly lower (P < 0.001) on the dominant side, while in LPD group no difference (P > 0.05) between the sides occurred. Mean P levels were significantly lower (P < 0.001) in the LPD group (6.9 +/- 2.3 ng/ml) than in controls (24.1 +/- 11.4 ng/ml). In all the LPD patients histopathology revealed delayed endometrial pattern, while normal endometrial dating was found in all the evaluated patients form the control group (n = 15). In the patients with LUF Sy (n = 4) similar RI values were obtained in the follicular and corpus luteum phase. There was no difference between the sides in terms of the intraovarian RI, while subnormal values of P were obtained in all the examined patients (14.1 +/- 6.2 ng/ml).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Transvaginal color Doppler may predict the function capacity of the corpus luteum.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"72","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology"}}},"pageStart":"83","pageEnd":"87","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0301-2115(96)02666-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47333321"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0301-2115(96)02666-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9076427"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47333321"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/what-is-the-radiation-exposure-to-patients-during-a-gynecoradiologic-procedure-reccwn5yayxthxoy8/","name":"What is the radiation exposure to patients during a gynecoradiologic procedure?","headline":"What is the radiation exposure to patients during a gynecoradiologic procedure?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/what-is-the-radiation-exposure-to-patients-during-a-gynecoradiologic-procedure-reccwn5yayxthxoy8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Vishvanath Karande","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Foundation for Reproductive Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hp71e29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Martin S. Balin"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Seth Levrant","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Chicago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Norbert Gleicher","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0202-4167","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Foundation for Reproductive Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hp71e29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Morris","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3549-8526","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ontario Parks"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Pratt","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7552-0334","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Foundation for Reproductive Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hp71e29"}}],"datePublished":"1997-02-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the risk of radiation exposure to infertility patients during a gynecoradiologic procedure.\n\nDESIGN: Retrospective clinical study.\n\nSETTING: Medical school-affiliated infertility center.\n\nPATIENT(S): Three hundred thirty-two consecutive infertility patients undergoing a gynecoradiologic procedure.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Patients underwent a gynecoradiologic procedure as part of their infertility workup and the fluoroscopic exposure time was analyzed.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The fluoroscopic exposure (rad time) during gynecoradiologic procedures, including hysterosalpingogram (HSG), selective salpingography, tubal catheterization, and others.\n\nRESULT(S): The rad time (mean +/- SD) was 63 +/- 54 seconds for normal HSG (n = 94, range 17 to 404 seconds), 100 +/- 61 seconds for abnormal HSG (n = 53, range 28 to 272 seconds), 111 +/- 57 seconds for unilateral selective salpingography (n = 36, range 31 to 324 seconds), 142 +/- 74 seconds for bilateral selective salpingography (n = 87, range 40 to 430 seconds), 176 +/- 77 seconds for unilateral tubal catheterization (n = 27, range 70 to 342 seconds), and 239 +/- 82 seconds for bilateral tubal catheterization (n = 30, range 110 to 381 seconds). Five patients had other procedures, such as lysis of intrauterine adhesions (n = 2) and resection of an uterine septum (n = 3), for which the rad time was in a range of 180 to 300 seconds.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): The radiation exposure of patients during a gynecoradiologic procedure, using previously described standard techniques, is well within established margins of safety.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"67","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"401","pageEnd":"403","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/S0015-0282(97)81931-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73044578"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/S0015-0282(97)81931-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9022623"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73044578"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/changing-trends-in-the-diagnosis-of-endometriosis-a-comparative-study-of-women-w-recp2boqeovcucd9v/","name":"Changing trends in the diagnosis of endometriosis: a comparative study of women with pelvic endometriosis presenting with chronic pelvic pain or infertility","headline":"Changing trends in the diagnosis of endometriosis: a comparative study of women with pelvic endometriosis presenting with chronic pelvic pain or infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/changing-trends-in-the-diagnosis-of-endometriosis-a-comparative-study-of-women-w-recp2boqeovcucd9v/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"W P Dmowski","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00xcryt71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Lesniewicz"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Noursalehi"},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Pepping"},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Rana"}],"datePublished":"1997-02-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To compare demographic, epidemiologic, and medical data and to evaluate diagnostic trends in women with endometriosis and chronic pelvic pain symptoms or endometriosis and infertility.\n\nDESIGN: Retrospective analysis.\n\nSETTING: Institute for the Study and Treatment of Endometriosis.\n\nPATIENT(S): Six hundred ninety-three consecutive patients with endometriosis and chronic pelvic pain (n = 357) or endometriosis and infertility (n = 336).\n\nINTERVENTION(S): None.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Demographic and epidemiologic parameters, diagnostic trends.\n\nRESULT(S): Women with pelvic symptoms were younger, had less formal education, more frequent family history, and higher frequency and intensity of pelvic complaints. Mean ages at first symptom and diagnosis were lower in the pain group, but stage of endometriosis at first diagnosis was more advanced. The mean \"diagnostic delay\" was longer in the pelvic pain than in the infertile group (6.35 versus 3.13 years), but it decreased during three consecutive 5-year intervals in both groups, and there was also a gradual decrease in the frequency of advanced endometriosis at the time of first diagnosis.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Demographic and epidemiologic parameters in women with endometriosis differ, depending whether chronic pelvic pain or infertility are the presenting symptoms. In the pain group, diagnostic delay is longer and endometriosis at diagnostic laparoscopy more advanced, indicating progressiveness of the disease. During the last 15 years, diagnostic delay steadily decreased and the frequency of advanced endometriosis at first diagnosis declined.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"67","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"238","pageEnd":"243","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/S0015-0282(97)81904-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73044507"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/S0015-0282(97)81904-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9022596"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73044507"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-clomiphene-citrate-on-the-endometrial-thickness-and-echogenic-pattern-recuxhs5bfzgjgjv3/","name":"Effects of clomiphene citrate on the endometrial thickness and echogenic pattern of the endometrium","headline":"Effects of clomiphene citrate on the endometrial thickness and echogenic pattern of the endometrium","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-clomiphene-citrate-on-the-endometrial-thickness-and-echogenic-pattern-recuxhs5bfzgjgjv3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Y Nakamura","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7205-3142","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yamaguchi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03cxys317"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y Yoshida","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2508-0567","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yamaguchi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03cxys317"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Norihiro Sugino","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8874-7931","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yamaguchi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03cxys317"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Kato","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8756-6925","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yamaguchi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03cxys317"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Ono","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yamaguchi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03cxys317"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Ueda","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yamaguchi University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03cxys317"}}],"datePublished":"1997-02-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of clomiphene citrate (CC) on the endometrium by ultrasound and to reveal the echogenic difference between the control cycle and the CC cycle.\n\nDESIGN: Retrospective study of patients before and during a CC treatment.\n\nSETTING: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan.\n\nPATIENT(S): Seventy-nine infertile women who had a spontaneous ovulation and a normal luteal function.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Patients received 50 mg/d CC between days 5 and 9 of the menstrual cycle.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Endometrial thickness, echogenic pattern of the endometrium, serum E2 content, and E2 and P receptor contents in the endometrium.\n\nRESULT(S): Endometrial thickness was significantly thinner during the CC cycle (7.6 +/- 1.4 mm, mean +/- SD, n = 79) than during the control cycle (8.5 +/- 1.7 mm, n = 79) on late proliferative days, but there was no significant difference on midsecretory days (10.8 +/- 2.2 mm during the CC cycle, n = 79; 11.2 +/- 2.2 mm during the control cycle, n = 79). The echogenic patterns, however, were different between the two cycles on midsecretory days. Moreover, the incidence in which patients showed a grade 3 endometrium on midsecretory days was significantly higher during the conceived CC cycle compared with the not-conceived CC cycle. Serum E2 levels were significantly higher, but E2 receptor contents in the endometrium were significantly lower during the CC cycle (67 +/- 46 fmol/mg, n = 13) compared with the control cycle (123 +/- 89 fmol/mg, n = 15) on late proliferative days.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Clomiphene citrate affected the echogenic pattern of the endometrium, and most of the endometrium showed a grade 3 pattern on midsecretory days during the conceived CC cycle. Under the CC treatment, the comfortable endometrium for embryos might be different from the control cycle.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"67","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"256","pageEnd":"260","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/S0015-0282(97)81907-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73044517"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/S0015-0282(97)81907-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9022599"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73044517"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/psychobiology-of-postpartum-mood-disorders-recdo90j6jafv2lq0/","name":"Psychobiology of postpartum mood disorders","headline":"Psychobiology of postpartum mood disorders","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/psychobiology-of-postpartum-mood-disorders-recdo90j6jafv2lq0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"K L Wisner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3458-5986","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Services, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Z N Stowe","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6320-8042","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Emory University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43"}}],"datePublished":"1997-02-01","abstract":"Postpartum mood disorders are common. The clustering of mood-disorder episodes after birth compels a search for factors particularly potent during childbearing. In this article, the complex relationships between the dynamic postbirth physiological environment and mood disorder are discussed. Available studies show a lack of evidence that serum levels of gonadal hormones account for mood disturbance in women. However, substantial amounts of data demonstrate their ability to modulate other neuroendocrine systems. Alterations in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function attributable to childbearing show remarkable similarity to those observed in depressed women. Postpartum women are also at increased risk for hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroidal (HPT) axis dysfunction that may increase affective-disorder vulnerability. A decreased rate","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Seminars in Reproductive Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"77","pageEnd":"89","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2008-1067970","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73145724"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1055/s-2008-1067970"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9065980"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73145724"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/randomised-controlled-trial-of-aspirin-and-aspirin-plus-heparin-in-pregnant-wome-rec1snclxkbdb8hxk/","name":"Randomised controlled trial of aspirin and aspirin plus heparin in pregnant women with recurrent miscarriage associated with phospholipid antibodies (or antiphospholipid antibodies)","headline":"Randomised controlled trial of aspirin and aspirin plus heparin in pregnant women with recurrent miscarriage associated with phospholipid antibodies (or antiphospholipid antibodies)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/randomised-controlled-trial-of-aspirin-and-aspirin-plus-heparin-in-pregnant-wome-rec1snclxkbdb8hxk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"H Cohen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9687-3580","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universiteit Utrecht"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Dave","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0973-8338"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Raj Rai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7049-2827","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056ffv270"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lesley Regan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Mary’s Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/041j39g66"}}],"datePublished":"1997-01-25","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine whether treatment with low dose aspirin and heparin leads to a higher rate of live births than that achieved with low dose aspirin alone in women with a history of recurrent miscarriage associated with phospholipid antibodies (or antiphospholipid antibodies), lupus anticoagulant, and cardiolipin antibodies (or anticardiolipin antibodies).\n\nDESIGN: Randomised controlled trial.\n\nSETTING: Specialist clinic for recurrent miscarriages.\n\nSUBJECTS: 90 women (median age 33 (range 22-43)) with a history of recurrent miscarriage (median number 4 (range 3-15)) and persistently positive results for phospholipid antibodies.\n\nINTERVENTION: Either low dose aspirin (75 mg daily) or low dose aspirin and 5000 U of unfractionated heparin subcutaneously 12 hourly. All women started treatment with low dose aspirin when they had a positive urine pregnancy test. Women were randomly allocated an intervention when fetal heart activity was seen on ultrasonography. Treatment was stopped at the time of miscarriage or at 34 weeks' gestation.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Rate of live births with the two treatments.\n\nRESULTS: There was no significant difference in the two groups in age or the number and gestation of previous miscarriages. The rate of live births with low dose aspirin and heparin was 71% (32/45 pregnancies) and 42% (19/45 pregnancies) with low dose aspirin alone (odds ratio 3.37 (95% confidence interval 1.40 to 8.10)). More than 90% of miscarriages occurred in the first trimester. There was no difference in outcome between the two treatments in pregnancies that advanced beyond 13 weeks' gestation. Twelve of the 51 successful pregnancies (24%) were delivered before 37 weeks' gestation. Women randomly allocated aspirin and heparin had a median decrease in lumbar spine bone density of 5.4% (range -8.6% to 1.7%).\n\nCONCLUSION: Treatment with aspirin and heparin leads to a significantly higher rate of live births in women with a history of recurrent miscarriage associated with phospholipid antibodies than that achieved with aspirin alone.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"314","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7076","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.)"}}},"pageStart":"253","pageEnd":"257","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.314.7076.253","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36242479"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj.314.7076.253"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9022487"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36242479"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/serum-cholesterol-concentration-and-postpartum-depression-oestrogen-may-have-bee-recutknkvhdsgopwe/","name":"Serum cholesterol concentration and postpartum depression. Oestrogen may have been a confounder","headline":"Serum cholesterol concentration and postpartum depression. Oestrogen may have been a confounder","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/serum-cholesterol-concentration-and-postpartum-depression-oestrogen-may-have-bee-recutknkvhdsgopwe/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Leopold KA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Murray Luckas","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Liverpool","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zoschnick LB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"William Buckett","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8635-582X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Liverpool Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00eysw063"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ian Aird","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Liverpool Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00eysw063"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Charles Kingsland","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Liverpool","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96"}}],"datePublished":"1997-01-11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"314","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7074","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ (Clinical research ed.)"}}},"pageStart":"143","pageEnd":"144","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.314.7074.143a","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42781238"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj.314.7074.143a"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9006482"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q42781238"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/population-based-study-of-risk-of-venous-thromboembolism-associated-with-various-recock6yn39gzqpar/","name":"Population-based study of risk of venous thromboembolism associated with various  oral contraceptives","headline":"Population-based study of risk of venous thromboembolism associated with various  oral contraceptives","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/population-based-study-of-risk-of-venous-thromboembolism-associated-with-various-recock6yn39gzqpar/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard Farmer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Surrey","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ks66431"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"CR Thompson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chelsea and Westminster Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/038zxea36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"JG Kennedy"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ian Hambleton","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5638-9794","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chelsea and Westminster Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/038zxea36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Lawrenson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0437-8839","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Surrey","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ks66431"}}],"datePublished":"1997-01-11","abstract":"Background: Four studies published since December, 1995, reported that the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) was higher in women who used oral contraceptives (OCs) containing the third-generation progestagens gestodene or desogestrel than in users of OCs containing second-generation progestagens. However, confounding and bias in the design of these studies may have affected the findings. The aim of our study was to re-examine the association between risk of VTE and OC use with a different study design and analysis to avoid some of the bias and confounding of the earlier studies.\n\nMethods: We used computer records of patients from 143 general practices in the UK. The study was based on the medical records of about 540,000 women born between 1941 and 1981. All women who had a recorded diagnosis of deep-vein thrombosis, venous thrombosis not otherwise specified, or pulmonary embolus during the study period, and who had been treated with an anticoagulant were identified as potential cases of VTE. We did a cohort analysis to estimate and compare incidence of VTE in users of the main OC preparations, and a nested case-control study to calculate the odds ratios of VTE associated with use of different types of OC, after adjustment for potential confounding factors. In the case-control study, we matched cases to controls by exact year of birth, practice, and current use of OCs. We used a multiple logistic regression model that included body-mass index, number of cycles, change in type of OC prescribed within 3 months of the event, previous pregnancy, and concurrent disease.\n\nFindings: 85 women met the inclusion criteria for VTE, two of whom were users of progestagen-only OCs. Of the 83 cases of VTE associated with use of combined OCs, 43 were recorded as deep-vein thrombosis, 35 as pulmonary thrombosis, and five as venous thrombosis not otherwise specified. The crude rate of VTE per 10,000 woman-years was 4.10 in current users of any OC, 3.10 in users of second-generation OCs, and 4.96 in users of third-generation preparations. After adjustment for age, the rate ratio of VTE in users of third-generation relative to second-generation OCs was 1.68 (95% CI 1.04-2.75). Logistic regression showed no significant difference in the risk of VTE between users of third-generation and second-generation OCs. Among users of third-generation progestagens, the risk of VTE was higher in users of desogestrel with 20 g ethinyloestradiol than in users of gestodene or desogestrel with 30 g ethinyloestradiol. With all second-generation OCs as the reference, the odds ratios for VTE were 3.49 (1.21-10.12) for desogestrel plus 20 g ethinyloestradiol and 1.18 (0.66-2.17) for the other third-generation progestagens.\n\nInterpretation: The previously reported increase in odds ratio associated with third-generation OCs when compared with second-generation products is likely to have been the result of residual confounding by age. The increased odds ratio associated with products containing 20 micrograms ethinyloestradiol and desogestrel compared with the 30 micrograms product is biologically implausible, and is likely to be the result of preferential prescribing and, thus, confounding.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"349","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9045","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Lancet (London, England)"}}},"pageStart":"83","pageEnd":"88","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(96)07496-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40907056"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0140-6736(96)07496-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8996419"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40907056"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/retroperitoneal-endometriosis-and-pelvic-pain-results-of-laparoscopic-uterosacra-rec4kifwesffzwllr/","name":"Retroperitoneal endometriosis infiltrating the utero-sacral ligaments. Technique and results of laparoscopic surgery","headline":"Retroperitoneal endometriosis infiltrating the utero-sacral ligaments. Technique and results of laparoscopic surgery","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/retroperitoneal-endometriosis-and-pelvic-pain-results-of-laparoscopic-uterosacra-rec4kifwesffzwllr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lee A. Kearse","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carl E. Rosow","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1474-6009","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fritel X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alan M. Zaslavsky","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1072-6043","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lacroix S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Decoret"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patricia M. Connors","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kinkel K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mark Dershwitz"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dumontier I"},{"@type":"Person","name":"W. Denman"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dousset alB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vacher-Lavenu M-C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Charles Chapron","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2578-3163","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Délégation Paris 5","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02e0y6e06"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean-Bernard Dubuisson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00pg5jh14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Tardif"}],"datePublished":"1997-01-01","abstract":"Objective: The goal of this study is to assess the efficiency of laparoscopic surgical treatment of pain for patients presenting deep endometriosis located on the uterosacral ligaments.\n\nStudy Design: We analysed a continuous series of 36 patients treated by operative laparoscopy between January 1993 and April 1995. In all these cases treatment consisted of resection of all the uterosacral ligament(s) together with exeresis of all other endometriotic lesions.\n\nResults: The results were assessed for all the patients with a minimum follow-up of one year. Patients who presented dysmenorrhea (29 cases) improved in 89.7% of cases (26 patients). Out of the 26 patients who presented deep dyspareunia, improvement was evident for 92.3% of cases (24 patients). The chronic pelvic pain suffered (17 cases) improved in 88.2% of cases (15 patients). Patients who benefited from an improvement rated it excellent or satisfactory in 80% of cases.\n\nConclusion: These results demonstrate that provided the surgeon is highly skilled in laparoscopy, operative laparoscopy is efficient for the treatment of patients presenting painful symptoms related to deep endometriotic implants located on the uterosacral ligaments.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"26","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal de gynecologie, obstetrique et biologie de la reproduction"}}},"pageStart":"264","pageEnd":"269","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9265047"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-1996-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-1996-8up7yn9a/","name":"DIR Jahrbuch 1996 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 1996)","headline":"DIR Jahrbuch 1996 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 1996)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-1996-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-1996-8up7yn9a/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register e.V."}],"datePublished":"1997-01-01","abstract":"Annual report (Jahrbuch) of the Deutsches IVF-Register (DIR) for treatment year 1996. DIR is the German national IVF/ICSI registry, founded 1982 — the oldest continuously operating ART registry. Voluntary professional-society database with high de-facto coverage of German fertility centres. Reports cycles, transfers, pregnancies and clinical outcomes by treatment type (IVF, ICSI, frozen embryo transfer, donor). German-language registry document. Used as a Phase B historical-archive source for the ART Registry Comparison study (cross-registry classification by reporting completeness on 7 framework dimensions).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register Jahrbuch"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cervical-mucus-and-their-functions-nplllka0/","name":"Cervical mucus and their functions","headline":"Cervical mucus and their functions","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cervical-mucus-and-their-functions-nplllka0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E Odeblad","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sabbatsberg Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dkvrg87"}}],"datePublished":"1997-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of the Irish Colleges of Physicians and Surgeons"}},"pageStart":"1807946","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/depression-during-pregnancy-and-the-purpureum-recadk62s7lu10egu/","name":"Depression during pregnancy and the puerperium","headline":"Depression during pregnancy and the puerperium","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/depression-during-pregnancy-and-the-purpureum-recadk62s7lu10egu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Llewellyn AM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C B Nemeroff","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7867-1160","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Emory University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Z N Stowe","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6320-8042","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Emory University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43"}}],"datePublished":"1997-01-01","abstract":"Epidemiologic studies demonstrate a twofold higher rate of depression in women than in men. The childbearing years are a time of increased risk for onset of depression in women. Pregnancy, miscarriage or pregnancy loss, infertility, and the postpartum period may challenge a woman's mental health. Virtually no life event rivals the neuroendocrine and psychosocial changes associated with pregnancy and childbirth. This paper provides a brief overview of depression during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Incidence, risk factors, and complications of depression during pregnancy and the puerperium are discussed to aid the clinician in early identification of at-risk patients. Treatment recommendations are also provided based on the available literature, clinical experience, and consideration of the possible special circumstances (i.e., breast-feeding) of this population of women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"58 Suppl 15","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of clinical psychiatry"}},"pageStart":"26","pageEnd":"32","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/measuring-contraceptive-effectiveness-a-conceptual-framework-rec8rsogk0gk51les/","name":"Measuring contraceptive effectiveness: a conceptual framework","headline":"Measuring contraceptive effectiveness: a conceptual framework","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/measuring-contraceptive-effectiveness-a-conceptual-framework-rec8rsogk0gk51les/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"1997-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"89","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"157","pageEnd":"158","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(97)84261-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57307702"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0029-7844(97)84261-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8990461"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q57307702"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/c-reactive-protein-concentration-in-the-sera-of-pregnant-women-with-imminent-pre-recfysdsclngjav8m/","name":"C-reactive protein concentration in the sera of pregnant women with imminent premature parturition and preterm amniorrhea","headline":"C-reactive protein concentration in the sera of pregnant women with imminent premature parturition and preterm amniorrhea","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/c-reactive-protein-concentration-in-the-sera-of-pregnant-women-with-imminent-pre-recfysdsclngjav8m/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Cylwik B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Szmitkowski M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zdanowicz A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Południewski G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arciszewski K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bielecki M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1830-4219","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"CRG-Eversana"}}],"datePublished":"1997-01-01","abstract":"C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were evaluated during spontaneous labour, in imminent premature parturition (IPP) and after preterm rupture of oocyst membranes (PROM). Increasing CRP level during spontaneous labour was found in 16.6% parturients. Elevated CRP level in patients with IPP makes it impossible to predict premature labour. In parturients with PROM, increase in CRP level makes further infection predictable only in a few cases.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"42","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Roczniki Akademii Medycznej W Bialymstoku (1995)"}}},"pageStart":"35","pageEnd":"40","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/postpartum-depressive-disorders-rec37e2g3uoi9agyu/","name":"Postpartum depressive disorders","headline":"Postpartum depressive disorders","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/postpartum-depressive-disorders-rec37e2g3uoi9agyu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Susman JL"}],"datePublished":"1996-12-01","abstract":"Despite the high prevalence of postpartum depressive disorders, many signs and symptoms of this illness are dismissed as normal physiologic changes associated with childbirth. Prompt recognition and treatment are imperative in order to limit the negative impact on both the mother and infant. Mood disturbances may have a minor functional impact that respond well to social support (eg. postpartum blues) or cause significant functional compromise requiring more aggressive therapy (eg. postpartum depression). The most extreme case of postpartum depressive disorder, postpartum psychosis, occurs when patients develop psychosis, mania, or thoughts of infanticide. Depression during pregnancy or the presence of risk factors suggests the need for careful follow-up. If postpartum depression develops, psychotherapy is the first-line treatment. Antidepressant treatment may be warranted for some patients, and the risks and benefits to both the mother and infant should be considered in the decision to institute pharmacotherapy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"43","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6 Suppl","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of family practice"}}},"pageStart":"S17-S24","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/urinary-tract-endometriosis-treated-by-laparoscopy-recqlizc1o0slrzsb/","name":"Urinary tract endometriosis treated by laparoscopy","headline":"Urinary tract endometriosis treated by laparoscopy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/urinary-tract-endometriosis-treated-by-laparoscopy-recqlizc1o0slrzsb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Nezhat CH","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2307-5374"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nasserbakht F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rosati M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Camran Nezhat","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2360-5147","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Nezhat","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9245-5165","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f54p054"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D S Seidman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7765-822X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f54p054"}}],"datePublished":"1996-12-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of the laparoscopic approach for the diagnosis and treatment of severe urinary tract endometriosis.\n\nDESIGN: Retrospective review of 28 cases of severe urinary tract endometriosis.\n\nSETTING: Center for Special Pelvic Surgery, a tertiary referral center.\n\nPATIENT(S): Between October 1989 and September 1994, we treated 28 women who had deeply infiltrating urinary tract endometriosis (bladder, 7, ureter, 21).\n\nINTERVENTION(S): All procedures were performed laparoscopically.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Postoperative urinary function, pain relief, and complications.\n\nRESULT(S): Those who had vesical endometriosis underwent partial cystectomy and primary repair. Partial ureteral obstruction was found in 17 women; 10 underwent ureterolysis and excision of endometriosis, and 7 had partial wall resection. Four patients with ureter involvement had complete obstruction. Three underwent partial resection and ureteroureterostomy, and one had ureteroneocystostomy. The rate of ureteral endometriosis in the present series is higher than that reported previously.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): Severe infiltrative endometriosis of the bladder and the ureter can present without specific symptoms and can cause silent compromise of renal function. We demonstrated that the laparoscopic approach is safe and effective in the diagnosis and treatment of this entity.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"66","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"920","pageEnd":"924","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reduction-of-adhesions-after-uterine-myomectomy-by-seprafilm-membrane-hal-f-a-bl-recdhfz2sykiupp7e/","name":"Reduction of adhesions after uterine myomectomy by Seprafilm membrane (HAL-F): a blinded, prospective, randomized, multicenter clinical study. Seprafilm Adhesion Study Group","headline":"Reduction of adhesions after uterine myomectomy by Seprafilm membrane (HAL-F): a blinded, prospective, randomized, multicenter clinical study. Seprafilm Adhesion Study Group","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reduction-of-adhesions-after-uterine-myomectomy-by-seprafilm-membrane-hal-f-a-bl-recdhfz2sykiupp7e/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Diamond MP","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6353-4489","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Augusta University"}}],"datePublished":"1996-12-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To assess the safety and efficacy of Seprafilm (HAL-F), Bioresorbable Membrane, (Genzyme Corporation, Cambridge, MA) in reducing the incidence, severity, extent, and area of uterine adhesions after myomectomy.\n\nDESIGN: Prospective, randomized, blinded, multicenter study. Adhesion reduction was assessed by an independent, blinded, gynecologic surgeon who reviewed videotapes of each patient's second-look laparoscopy.\n\nSETTING: Nineteen institutions across the United States.\n\nPATIENT(S): One hundred twenty-seven women undergoing uterine myomectomy with at least one posterior uterine incision > or = 1 cm in length.\n\nINTERVENTION(S): Patients were randomized to treatment with Seprafilm or to no treatment at the completion of the myomectomy.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The incidence, severity, extent, and area of uterine adhesions at second-look laparoscopy.\n\nRESULT(S): The incidence, measured as the mean number of sites adherent to the uterine surface, was significantly less in treated patients (4.98 +/- 0.52 [mean +/- SEM] sites) than in no treatment patients (7.88 +/- 0.48 sites) as were the mean uterine adhesion severity scores (1.94 +/- 0.14 versus 2.43 +/- 0.10; treatment versus no treatment, respectively), mean extent scores (1.23 +/- 0.12 versus 1.68 +/- 0.10), and mean area of adhesions (13.2 +/- 1.67 versus 18.7 +/- 1.66 cm2). No adverse events occurred that were judged to be related to the use of Seprafilm.\n\nCONCLUSION(S): In this multicenter study, treatment of patients after myomectomy with Seprafilm significantly reduced the incidence, severity, extent, and area of postoperative uterine adhesions. Additionally, Seprafilm treatment was not associated with an increase in postoperative complications.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"66","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"904","pageEnd":"910","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/procreation-after-death-or-mental-incompetence-medical-advance-or-technology-gon-recp3otzj34xbdzn1/","name":"Procreation after death or mental incompetence: medical advance or technology gone awry?","headline":"Procreation after death or mental incompetence: medical advance or technology gone awry?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/procreation-after-death-or-mental-incompetence-medical-advance-or-technology-gon-recp3otzj34xbdzn1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"D A Ohl","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0471-2294","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Michigan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jihye Park","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9895-7756","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carl I. Cohen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1989-6954","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Michigan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen J. Goodman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3790-3217","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Michigan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alan C. Menge","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Michigan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Cohen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5454-3789"}],"datePublished":"1996-12-01","abstract":"Objective: To review our experience with semen retrieval in men who are incompetent or dead and to formulate general medical, legal, and ethical guidelines for practitioners.\nDesign: Case series and literature review.\nSetting: Academic. PATIENT(S): Seven incompetent or neurologically dead individuals in whom sperm retrieval was requested. INTERVENTION(S): Electroejaculation. RESULT(S): Seminal emission was induced in the two men who underwent electroejaculation. Sperm suitable for cryopreservation was obtained in one of these men. Review of the legal and ethical implications of such procedures led to development of general guidelines for determining whether gamete retrieval should be performed when requested. Issues of procreational autonomy, consideration of the decedent's wishes, and assurance of the well-being of any new life created were considered most strongly in the formation of these guidelines. CONCLUSION(S): Although the retrieval of sperm from deceased or incompetent individuals may be achieved readily, it is incumbent upon the practitioner to consider the legal and moral implications of these procedures before proceeding.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"66","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"889","pageEnd":"895","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/S0015-0282(16)58680-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41240657"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/S0015-0282(16)58680-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8941051"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41240657"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/malignant-tumors-arising-in-endometriosis-clinical-pathological-study-and-flow-c-recidgacgkbbwrs5o/","name":"Malignant tumors arising in endometriosis: clinical-pathological study and flow cytometry analysis","headline":"Malignant tumors arising in endometriosis: clinical-pathological study and flow cytometry analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/malignant-tumors-arising-in-endometriosis-clinical-pathological-study-and-flow-c-recidgacgkbbwrs5o/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"D Demirel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3698-9418"},{"@type":"Person","name":"I Ramzy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5011-2244","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Fishman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6051-5909","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Meir Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04pc7j325"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A L Kaplan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Klima","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Luke's Episcopal Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0195twz09"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Laucirica","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Lyzak"}],"datePublished":"1996-12-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Malignant transformation to endometriosis is a well documented phenomenon that occurs most commonly in the ovaries with cancer arising in extra-ovarian endometriosis being a rare event.\n\nMETHODS: A retrospective clinical-pathological evaluation of eleven cases with malignant tumors arising in endometriosis was performed to evaluate the prognostic impact of various factors. Nuclear DNA content (ploidy) was assessed through flow cytometric study.\n\nRESULTS: Ovarian origin was identified in eight cases and three were associated with extra-ovarian endometriosis. Histologic type was endometrioid carcinoma in ten patients. The eleventh case had high grade endometrial stromal sarcoma. All tumors were diploid with no relation to stage, grade, or clinical outcome. The S-phase fraction (SPF) was analyzed in nine patients and no correlation could be demonstrated with any histologic parameters or clinical outcome.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: The DNA content seems to have no association with the classical prognostic parameters in these cases.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"70","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology"}}},"pageStart":"69","pageEnd":"74","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0301-2115(96)02563-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q53449100"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0301-2115(96)02563-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9031923"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q53449100"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/screening-for-depression-in-pregnancy-characteristics-of-the-beck-depression-inv-recsklpdhjhocqbqm/","name":"Screening for depression in pregnancy: characteristics of the Beck Depression Inventory","headline":"Screening for depression in pregnancy: characteristics of the Beck Depression Inventory","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/screening-for-depression-in-pregnancy-characteristics-of-the-beck-depression-inv-recsklpdhjhocqbqm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Holcomb WL Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"W LHOLCOMBJR","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Washington University in St. Louis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W L Holcomb","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L SSTONE","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Washington University in St. Louis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P JLUSTMAN","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Washington University in St. Louis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J AGAVARD","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Washington University in St. Louis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D JMOSTELLO","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Washington University in St. Louis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jeffrey A Gavard","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0526-0314","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Louis University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01p7jjy08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P J Lustman"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D J Mostello"},{"@type":"Person","name":"L S Stone"}],"datePublished":"1996-12-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine the test characteristics of a self-report questionnaire, the Beck Depression Inventory, when used as a screening test for depression in a population of ambulatory pregnant women.\n\nMETHODS: One hundred five pregnant women completed the Beck Depression Inventory and underwent a structured interview using the National Institute of Mental Health Diagnostic Interview Schedule-version III. Current depression was diagnosed according to the criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-III-R. A receiver operating characteristic curve was constructed for the Beck Depression Inventory score as a predictor of current depression. A table of sensitivities, specificities, predictive values, and likelihood ratios was created for various cutoff values.\n\nRESULTS: For the 105 women enrolled, the median Beck Depression Inventory score was 8.0. Twelve women (11%) were diagnosed with current depression and had a median Beck Depression Inventory score of 25.5, compared with those without current depression, who had a median score of 8.0 (P = .001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.9940. Using a cutoff range of greater than 16, the sensitivity of the Beck Depression Inventory to detect current depression was 0.83, the specificity was 0.89, the positive predictive value was 0.50, and the negative predictive value was 0.98.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: The Beck Depression Inventory can serve as a rapid screening test for depression during pregnancy. A higher cutoff value is required for pregnant women than is customarily used outside of pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"88","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1021","pageEnd":"1025","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(96)00329-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71832919"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0029-7844(96)00329-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8942846"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71832919"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gastrointestinal-tract-involvement-by-gynecologic-diseases-rec5v6vttsavrlw2t/","name":"Gastrointestinal tract involvement by gynecologic diseases","headline":"Gastrointestinal tract involvement by gynecologic diseases","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gastrointestinal-tract-involvement-by-gynecologic-diseases-rec5v6vttsavrlw2t/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R A Szucs","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/057xmsr27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M A Turner"}],"datePublished":"1996-11-01","abstract":"Involvement of the gastrointestinal tract by gynecologic disease processes-endometriosis, gynecologic neoplasms, inflammatory processes, and complications from radiation therapy or surgery for gynecologic tumors-may mimic primary gastrointestinal carcinoma on radiologic images. Endometriosis most often involves the anterior wall of the rectosigmoid colon, adjacent to the pouch of Douglas, and typically produces extrinsic mass effect on the serosa, with the overlying mucosa left intact. Direct extension of ovarian cancer to the colon through the subperitoneal space produces mass effect with serosal spiculation, tethering, and fixation; annular constriction; or partial or complete obstruction. Intraperitoneal seeding of ovarian carcinoma most frequently involves the colon and is seen as extrinsic masses, often with serosal spiculation and tethering. Cervical carcinoma, which most commonly spreads by direct invasion of the pelvic side wall and adjacent structures, produces serosal spiculation and circumferential narrowing. Benign ovarian or uterine tumors are purely extrinsic and have a smooth interface with the colonic wall. Tubo-ovarian abscesses are difficult to differentiate from cystic ovarian neoplasms or endometriomas. Radiation colitis causes narrowing of the rectum with intact mucosa and can be differentiated from recurrent tumor, unlike radiation-induced injury of the small bowel, which may be difficult to distinguish. Surgical adhesions produce a discrete transition point between dilated bowel proximally and nondilated distal bowel. Familiarity with the varied patterns of gastrointestinal tract involvement is important for accurate interpretation of imaging studies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Radiographics : a Review Publication of the Radiological Society of North  America, Inc"}}},"pageStart":"1251","pageEnd":"1462","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1148/radiographics.16.6.8946534","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45101729"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1148/radiographics.16.6.8946534"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8946534"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q45101729"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/an-unsuccessful-attempt-to-relate-ovulatory-disturbances-to-changes-in-bone-dens-recadkeqffvuhpaxa/","name":"An unsuccessful attempt to relate ovulatory disturbances to changes in bone density","headline":"An unsuccessful attempt to relate ovulatory disturbances to changes in bone density","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/an-unsuccessful-attempt-to-relate-ovulatory-disturbances-to-changes-in-bone-dens-recadkeqffvuhpaxa/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan I Barr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8701-7152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M A Petit","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8390-0773","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y M Vigna","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8840-192X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"1996-11-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"81","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"4176","pageEnd":"4179","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem.81.11.8923884","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71788708"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jcem.81.11.8923884"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8923884"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71788708"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endocrine-factors-in-recurrent-miscarriage-recbopn95kvxx00t9/","name":"Cytokines and immuno-endocrine factors in recurrent miscarriage","headline":"Cytokines and immuno-endocrine factors in recurrent miscarriage","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endocrine-factors-in-recurrent-miscarriage-recbopn95kvxx00t9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"K J Lim","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Jessop Hospital for Women, Sheffield, UK."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"O A Odukoya"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tin Chiu Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0554-2031","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Hallamshire Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00514rc81"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ian Cooke","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7000-2306","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Sheffield","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05krs5044"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lesley Regan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Mary’s Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/041j39g66"}}],"datePublished":"1996-11-01","abstract":"Recurrent miscarriage remains an enigma. The main aetiologies are endocrinological, immunological and unexplained. With the growth in molecular biology, it is now possible to look at the effect of these aetiologies in more detail, allowing greater understanding of the underlying pathogenesis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction update"}}},"pageStart":"469","pageEnd":"481","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/2.6.469","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41438175"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humupd/2.6.469"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9111182"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41438175"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nutrition-hormones-and-breast-cancer-is-insulin-the-missing-link-reccf3nk8rffjx1wh/","name":"Nutrition, hormones, and breast cancer: is insulin the missing link?","headline":"Nutrition, hormones, and breast cancer: is insulin the missing link?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nutrition-hormones-and-breast-cancer-is-insulin-the-missing-link-reccf3nk8rffjx1wh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R Kaaks","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre International de Recherche sur le Cancer","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00v452281"}}],"datePublished":"1996-11-01","abstract":"Breast cancer incidence rates are high in societies with a Western lifestyle characterized by low levels of physical activity, and by an energy-dense diet rich in total and saturated fat and refined carbohydrates. Epidemiologic studies, so far mostly on postmenopausal women, have shown that breast cancer risk is increased in hyperandrogenic women, with decreased levels of plasma sex-hormone binding globulin, and with increased levels of testosterone and of free estrogens. This paper describes the role of hyperinsulinemia as a physiologic link between nutritional lifestyle factors, obesity, and the development of a hyperandrogenic endocrine profile, and reviews evidence that may or may not support the theory that chronic hyperinsulinemia is an underlying cause of breast cancer. An hypothesis is presented, stipulating that breast cancer risk is increased not only in hyperandrogenic postmenopausal women, but also in premenopausal women with mild hyperandrogenism and normal (ovulatory) menstrual cycles. The author suggests further investigation as to whether there is a positive association between risk of breast cancer before menopause and subclinical forms of the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and to what extent diet and physical activity during childhood, by modulating the degree of insulin resistance during adolescence, may or may not be determinants of a PCO-like hyperandrogenic endocrine profile persisting into adulthood.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cancer Causes & Control : CCC"}}},"pageStart":"605","pageEnd":"625","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00051703","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41227904"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/BF00051703"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8932921"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41227904"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effectiveness-of-lactational-amenorrhoea-in-prevention-of-pregnancy-in-manila-th-panggefq/","name":"Effectiveness of lactational amenorrhoea in prevention of pregnancy in Manila, the Philippines: non-comparative prospective trial","headline":"Effectiveness of lactational amenorrhoea in prevention of pregnancy in Manila, the Philippines: non-comparative prospective trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effectiveness-of-lactational-amenorrhoea-in-prevention-of-pregnancy-in-manila-th-panggefq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ramos R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"K I Kennedy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6630-3803","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National University of Singapore"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Visness CM"}],"datePublished":"1996-10-12","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine the contraceptive efficacy of the lactational amenorrhoea method. DESIGN: Non-comparative prospective trial. SETTING: Urban Manila, the Philippines. SUBJECTS: 485 lower income, educated women with extensive experience of breast feeding. INTERVENTION: Women were offered all available contraceptives for use after birth. Those who chose the lactational amenorrhoea method were taught the method, screened for the study, and followed for 12 months to determine the risk of pregnancy when the method was used. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Life table pregnancy rates during correct and incorrect use of the method, censored monthly in the event of sexual abstinence or the use of another contraceptive method. RESULTS: The lactational amenorrhoea method was 99% effective when used correctly (that is, during lactational amenorrhoea and full or nearly full breast feeding for up to six months). At 12 months the effectiveness during amenorrhoea dropped to 97%. CONCLUSIONS: The lactational amenorrhoea method provided as much protection from pregnancy as non-breast feeding women experience with non-medicated intrauterine devices and barrier methods. The contraceptive effect of lactation cannot be attributed to lactational or postpartum abstinence.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.313.7062.909","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36600612"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj.313.7062.909"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8876092"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36600612"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hepatic-endometriosis-a-case-report-recxatewltnbdncae/","name":"Hepatic endometriosis: a case report","headline":"Hepatic endometriosis: a case report","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hepatic-endometriosis-a-case-report-recxatewltnbdncae/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Claude D’Ercole","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital de la Conception","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00s7v8q53"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yves‐Patrice Le Treut","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital de la Conception","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00s7v8q53"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Blanc","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital de la Conception","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00s7v8q53"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Cravello","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital de la Conception","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00s7v8q53"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C D'Ercole"}],"datePublished":"1996-10-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To describe a case of hepatic endometriosis.\n\nDESIGN: Case report.\n\nSETTING: University hospital.\n\nPATIENT: A 34-year-old woman with a 2-year history of cyclic right subcostal pain.\n\nINTERVENTIONS: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) therapy followed by surgical resection.\n\nRESULTS: Ultrasonography, computed tomography scan, and magnetic resonance imaging of the liver disclosed a 6-cm diameter mass. The GnRH-a therapy for 4 months led to clinical and radiologic improvement. Surgery performed to allow pregnancy confirmed the diagnosis of hepatic endometriosis.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Hepatic endometriosis is uncommon. It may result from metaplasia of the peritoneum or from hematogenic or lymphatic spread.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"66","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"657","pageEnd":"659","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)58585-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71556305"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)58585-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8816634"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71556305"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteal-support-after-in-vitro-fertilization-crinone-8-a-sustained-release-vagina-recndbv61b9qoeca9/","name":"Luteal support after in-vitro fertilization: Crinone 8%, a sustained release vaginal progesterone gel, versus Utrogestan, an oral micronized progesterone","headline":"Luteal support after in-vitro fertilization: Crinone 8%, a sustained release vaginal progesterone gel, versus Utrogestan, an oral micronized progesterone","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteal-support-after-in-vitro-fertilization-crinone-8-a-sustained-release-vagina-recndbv61b9qoeca9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J L Pouly","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Gynaecology and Human Reproduction Department, Hotel-Dieu, Clermont-Ferrand, France."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J.-M. Antoine","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sorbonne Université","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02en5vm52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rayza Elizabeth Guillén Zambrano","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Genetique Reproduction and Developpement","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052d1cv78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Donnez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2528-206X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03s4khd80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Bassil","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03s4khd80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Frydman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Antoine-Béclère","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sb8a726"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Hedon","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04m6sq715"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Nicollet"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y Prada"}],"datePublished":"1996-10-01","abstract":"Two progesterone presentations, a vaginal application of 90 mg progesterone per day (Crinone) or 300 mg progesterone administered orally (Utrogestan), were compared for luteal phase support of patients undergoing an in-vitro fertilization (IVF) procedure. A total of 283 patients were randomly allocated to either treatment. The treatment started within 24 h after the embryo transfer procedure and continued until day 30 in cases of implantation. Efficacy was assessed using the pregnancy and delivery rates. Safety was assessed through specific symptoms and usual safety monitoring. The pregnancy rates per transfer were not significantly different in the Crinone and Utrogestan groups at days 12 (Crinone 35.3%, Utrogestan 29.9%, P = 0.55), 30 (Crinone 28.5%, Utrogestan 25.0%, P = 0.61) and 90 (Crinone 25.9%, Utrogestan 22.9%, P = 0.69). No differences in the spontaneous abortion rates were seen thereafter. The delivery rates (number of deliveries per patient; Crinone 23.0%, Utrogestan 22.2%, P = 1.00), as well as the ratio of newborn babies per embryo transferred (Crinone 11.7%, Utrogestan 11.1%, P = 0.91), were not significantly different. Safety parameters were similar in both groups, except for drowsiness, which was more significantly frequent in the oral progesterone group than in the Crinone group at all time points. No serious adverse events were recorded in this study. The fact that Crinone matches the efficacy of the larger doses of progesterone used orally reflects an advantage of the transvaginal route of administration which avoids the metabolic inactivation of progesterone during its first liver pass.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"2085","pageEnd":"2089","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a019054","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71834147"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a019054"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8943507"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71834147"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-comparison-of-the-ovulation-method-with-the-cue-ovulation-predictor-in-determining-the-fertile-period-rechvzde35sgzxt8u/","name":"A comparison of the ovulation method with the CUE ovulation predictor in determining the fertile period","headline":"A comparison of the ovulation method with the CUE ovulation predictor in determining the fertile period","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-comparison-of-the-ovulation-method-with-the-cue-ovulation-predictor-in-determining-the-fertile-period-rechvzde35sgzxt8u/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}}],"datePublished":"1996-10-01","abstract":"The purpose of this study was to compare the CUE Ovulation Predictor with the ovulation method in determining the fertile period. Eleven regularly ovulating women measured their salivary and vaginal electrical resistance (ER) with the CUE, observed their cervical-vaginal mucus, and measured their urine for a luteinizing hormone (LH) surge on a daily basis. Data from 21 menstrual cycles showed no statistical difference (T = 0.33, p = 0.63) between the CUE fertile period, which ranged from 5 to 10 days (mean = 6.7 days, SD = 1.6), and the fertile period of the ovulation method, which ranged from 4 to 9 days (mean = 6.5 days, SD = 2.0). The CUE has potential as an adjunctive device in the learning and use of natural family planning methods.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners"}}},"pageStart":"461","pageEnd":"466","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-7599.1996.tb00604.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52199446"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1745-7599.1996.tb00604.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9305046"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q52199446"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevention-and-management-of-osteoporosis-consensus-statements-from-the-scientif-reckopjjnreelzn9u/","name":"Prevention and management of osteoporosis: consensus statements from the Scientific Advisory Board of the Osteoporosis Society of Canada. 5. Physical activity as therapy for osteoporosis","headline":"Prevention and management of osteoporosis: consensus statements from the Scientific Advisory Board of the Osteoporosis Society of Canada. 5. Physical activity as therapy for osteoporosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevention-and-management-of-osteoporosis-consensus-statements-from-the-scientif-reckopjjnreelzn9u/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R Chow"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan I Barr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8701-7152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R A Faulkner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1897-1895"}],"datePublished":"1996-10-01","abstract":"Objective: To examine exercise as a therapy for people with osteoporosis. Options: Immobilization, standing low-load and high-load physical activities.\n\nOutcomes: Risk of injury, quality of life, risk of falls and fractures, strength and posture and pain management. Evidence: Relevant epidemiologic studies, clinical trials and reviews were examined, including the large-scale FICSIT trial in the United States, a prospective 4-year study of women enrolled in an exercise program in Toronto and the large-scale Study of Osteoporotic Fractures. Values: Minimizing risk of injury and increasing quality of life were given a high value. BENEFITS, HARMS, And Costs: Moderate physical activity in people with osteoporosis can reduce the risk of falls and fractures, decrease pain and improve fitness and overall quality of life. It may also stimulate bone gain and decrease bone loss. Its positive effects are an adjunct to other interventions, such as hormonal therapy. It may give patients the confidence to resume regular activity and can provide social interaction and support. During exercise programs, proper nutrition is necessary to prevent excessive weight loss and impaired immune function resulting from inadequate protein, vitamin and mineral intake. Recommendations: Immobilization should be avoided if possible in anyone with osteoporosis or at increased risk for osteoporosis. Regular, moderate physical activity is recommended for those with osteoporosis. Elderly people should be assessed for risk of falling to identify those in greatest need of an exercise program. Community group exercise programs are beneficial. Younger people with osteoporosis also need exercise that will preserve or improve bone mass, muscular strength, endurance and cardiovascular fitness. Weight loss as a result of physical activity should be avoided and adequate intake of protein, vitamins and minerals assured. Because the benefits of physical activity are independent of the effect of other therapies, physical activity is an essential adjunct to appropriate nutrition and other therapies. Validation: These recommendations were developed by the Scientific Advisory Board of the Osteoporosis Society of Canada at its 1995 Consensus Conference. They are in agreement with the position taken on osteoporosis and exercise by the United States Center for Disease Control and Prevention and the American College of Sports Medicine. Sponsors: Sponsors of the 1995 conference included the Dairy Farmers of Canada, Eli Lilly Canada, Inc., Hoffmann-La Roche Canada Ltd., Merck Frosst Canada Inc. and Procter & Gamble Pharmaceuticals Canada Inc.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"155","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"CMAJ"}}},"pageStart":"940","pageEnd":"944","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/treatment-of-skin-aging-with-topical-estrogens-recvnda02qoz5joji/","name":"Treatment of skin aging with topical estrogens","headline":"Treatment of skin aging with topical estrogens","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/treatment-of-skin-aging-with-topical-estrogens-recvnda02qoz5joji/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C Bieglmayer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Vienna","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03prydq77"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Binder","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0718-977X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical University of Vienna","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05n3x4p02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Demschik","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Vienna","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03prydq77"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Reiner","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical University of Vienna","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05n3x4p02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J B Schmidt","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical University of Vienna","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05n3x4p02"}}],"datePublished":"1996-09-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND: The coincidence of climacteric symptoms and the beginning of skin aging suggests that estrogen deficiency may be a common and important factor in the perimenopausal woman. Often hormones have been considered important in endogenous aging of the skin, but their role has not been clearly defined. Therefore, we investigated, whether topical treatment of the skin with estrogen could reverse some of the changes in the aging skin.\n\nMATERIAL AND METHODS: The effects of 0.01% estradiol and 0.3% estriol compounds were compared in 59 preclimacteric women with skim aging symptoms. Monthly determinations of estrodiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and prolactin (PRL) were done and the monthly clinical monitoring was supplemented by measurements of skin hydration by corneometry and profilometry. In 10 patients, skin biopsies were taken for immunohistochemical determination of collagen types I and III.\n\nRESULTS: After treatment for 6 months, elasticity and firmness of the skin had markedly improved and the wrinkle depth and pore sizes had decreased by 61 to 100% in both groups. Furthermore, skin moisture had increased and the measurement of wrinkles using skin profilometry, revealed significant, or even highly significant, decreases of wrinkle depth in the estradiol and the estriol groups, respectively. On immunohistochemistry, significant increases of Type III collagen labeling were combined with increased numbers of collagen fibers at the end of the treatment period. As to hormone levels, only those of PRL had increased significantly and no systemic hormonal side effects were noted.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"35","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Dermatology"}}},"pageStart":"669","pageEnd":"674","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-4362.1996.tb03701.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71696384"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1365-4362.1996.tb03701.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8876303"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71696384"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevention-of-preterm-birth-role-of-daily-telephone-contact-recdtcutqvfnusirg/","name":"Prevention of preterm birth. Role of daily telephone contact","headline":"Prevention of preterm birth. Role of daily telephone contact","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevention-of-preterm-birth-role-of-daily-telephone-contact-recdtcutqvfnusirg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Boehm FH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Glass CA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Reed GW"}],"datePublished":"1996-08-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of routine management of patients at high risk for preterm delivery to the effectiveness of routine management in combination with daily telephone nursing contact.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: The control group, 1 (n = 21), had education and frequent prenatal visits and cervical examinations. The study group, 2 (n = 21), had education, frequent prenatal visits and cervical examination, and daily telephone contact. Group 3 (n = 22) received education but refused to participate.\n\nRESULTS: There were no significant differences (SD) between groups in race, smoking, age, multiple gestation, visits, diagnosis of premature labor, mean days gained after diagnosis of premature labor, tocolytic use or bed rest. There was also no SD in preterm birth rate, mode of delivery, number of maternal or neonatal hospital days, mean neonatal weight or gestational age at delivery between groups. While not reducing the overall incidence of preterm birth, this management for all groups resulted in a more advanced gestational age at the time of delivery (mean change = 7.5 weeks, P < .0001) when compared to the patient's first preterm birth.\n\nCONCLUSION: This study indicated that daily contact, while providing reassurance and support, did not change the outcome when the study group was compared to women managed similarly but without daily contact.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"41","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"595","pageEnd":"601","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-efficacy-of-250-mgday-flutamide-in-the-treatment-of-patients-with-hirsutism-reccblrttzem6p2hs/","name":"The efficacy of 250 mg/day flutamide in the treatment of patients with hirsutism","headline":"The efficacy of 250 mg/day flutamide in the treatment of patients with hirsutism","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-efficacy-of-250-mgday-flutamide-in-the-treatment-of-patients-with-hirsutism-reccblrttzem6p2hs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Iptisam Ipek Muderris","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9288-889X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fahri Bayram","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-6744","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Erciyes University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047g8vk19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fahrettin Keleştimur"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ahmet Tutuş","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6643-6363","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Erciyes University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047g8vk19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Ayata","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Erciyes University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047g8vk19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y Sahin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Erciyes University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047g8vk19"}}],"datePublished":"1996-08-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of low dose flutamide (250 mg/d) on hirsutism score and hormone levels in women with hirsutism.\n\nDESIGN: Nonrandomized, prospective clinical trial.\n\nPATIENTS: Forty-one patients with moderate-severe hirsutism were included in the study.\n\nINTERVENTION: Hirsute patients received 250 mg/d flutamide for a period of 6 months.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Hirsutism score, FSH, LH, E2, total T, free T, androstenedione, DHEAS, PRL, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, and sex hormone-binding globulin levels were detected in all the patients before treatment and every 3 months during treatment.\n\nRESULTS: Treatment with the antiandrogen flutamide resulted in a particularly rapid and marked decrease in the hirsutism score, which decreased from 17.48 +/- 5.35 to 5.07 +/- 2.89 after 6 months. No significant changes in the levels of hormone and no serious side effects were observed in the study.\n\nCONCLUSION: The low-dose flutamide, 250 mg/d, is a cost-effective drug in the treatment of hirsutism. Low-dose flutamide may be used in place of high-dose flutamide, 500 to 750 mg/d.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"66","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"220","pageEnd":"222","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)58442-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51025333"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)58442-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8690105"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q51025333"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptives-alter-circadian-rhythm-parameters-of-cortisol-melatonin-bloo-dlpuoakw/","name":"Oral contraceptives alter circadian rhythm parameters of cortisol, melatonin, blood pressure, heart rate, skin blood flow, transepidermal water loss, and skin amino acids of healthy young women","headline":"Oral contraceptives alter circadian rhythm parameters of cortisol, melatonin, blood pressure, heart rate, skin blood flow, transepidermal water loss, and skin amino acids of healthy young women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptives-alter-circadian-rhythm-parameters-of-cortisol-melatonin-bloo-dlpuoakw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Reinberg AE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Touitou Y"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Soudant E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bernard D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bazin R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mechkouri M"}],"datePublished":"1996-08-01","abstract":"Sixteen healthy women users and nonusers of oral contraceptives (OC) volunteered to document a set of circadian rhythms. Nine were taking OC providing ethynyl estradiol (0.03-0.05 mg/24h, 21 days/month) combined with DL- or L-norgestrel or norethisterone. There was no group difference (p > 0.05) in median age (22 years), weight (57 kg), and height (162) cm). Data were obtained at fixed hours, 5 times/24h, during a 48-h span, in November. (Day activity from approximately 08:00 to approximately 23:00 h and night rest). Environmental conditions were controlled, using air-conditioned rooms of constant temperature (26 degrees +/- 0.5) and relative humidity 45% +/- 1. Both cosinor and ANOVA were used for statistical analyses. All circadian rhythms were validated with one exception: that of salivary melatonin was not detected in OC users. The 24h mean (M) exhibited group differences for certain variables: M was greater in OC than non-OC users for systolic blood pressure (p < 0.0001), heart rate (p < 0.01), skin blood flow (p < 0.04), and transepidermal water loss (p < 0.02). M was lower in OC than non-OC users in salivary cortisol (p < 0.04) and skin amino acids (p < 0.003). No group difference was detected in any other documented rhythms: diastolic blood pressure, grip strength of both hands, oral temperature, self-rated fatigue, and the skin variables of urea, lactate, triglycerides, and acid phosphatase activity.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Chronobiology international"}}},"pageStart":"199","pageEnd":"211","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3109/07420529609012653","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54276339"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3109/07420529609012653"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8874983"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q54276339"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-significance-of-transvaginal-ultrasonographic-evaluation-of-the-cervix-in-wo-recfkzjferkjuuqcy/","name":"The significance of transvaginal ultrasonographic evaluation of the cervix in women treated with emergency cerclage","headline":"The significance of transvaginal ultrasonographic evaluation of the cervix in women treated with emergency cerclage","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-significance-of-transvaginal-ultrasonographic-evaluation-of-the-cervix-in-wo-recfkzjferkjuuqcy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kenneth A. Kappy"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Benito","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4082-5165","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad CEU San Pablo"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E R Guzman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Peter's University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/055mfza47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Houlihan"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Ivan"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Vintzileos"}],"datePublished":"1996-08-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to determine whether perioperative transvaginal ultrasonographic evaluation of the incompetent cervix treated with emergency cerclage is predictive of pregnancy outcome.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: Twenty-nine women who underwent emergency cerclage at 16 to 26 weeks of gestation had transvaginal ultrasonographic evaluation of the cervix within 48 hours before and after surgery and at least three times thereafter until 28 weeks of gestation. The following measurements were obtained: (1) funnel width, (2) funnel length, (3) endocervical canal length, (4) the distance between the internal and external os, (5) upper cervix (length of closed endocervical canal above the cervical cerclage), (6) lower cervix (endocervical canal length below suture), and (7) cervical index (1+ Funnel length/Endocervical canal length). Values are reported as the median in millimeters, and statistical analysis was performed by use of the Mann-Whitney U test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Spearman rank correlation, 2 x 2 contingency tables, and multiple regression analysis with significance set at p < 0.05.\n\nRESULTS: Cerclage procedures resulted in significant improvement in postoperative median measurements of funnel width (15 vs 4.0 mm, p < 0.0001), funnel length (29 vs 3 mm, p < 0.0001), and endocervical canal length (2 vs 27 mm, p < 0.0001). There was a significant relationship between gestational age at delivery and the following\n\nmeasurements: preoperative funnel width (r = -0.51, p = 0.007), postoperative endocervical canal length (r = 0.39, p = 0.04), length of the lower cervix (r = 0.39, p = 0.038), and the cervical index (r = -0.39, p = 0.038). An upper cervical length < 10 mm was a good predictor of delivery before 36 weeks of gestation, sensitivity 85.7% (12/14), specificity 66.7% (10/15), positive predictive value 70.6% (12/17), negative predictive value 83% (10/12), and Fisher's exact p = 0.008. Postoperatively all patients had upper cervical lengths < 10 mm by 28 weeks of gestation. Preoperative digital assessments of cervical dilatation before surgery did not correlate with gestational age at birth (r = -0.031, p = 0.36).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: In cases of cervical incompetence treated with emergency cerclage, perioperative transvaginal ultrasonographic assessment of the cervix reveals that the procedure results in improved ultrasonographic status of the cervix and that the ultrasonographic cervical findings before and after surgery correlate with pregnancy outcome.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"175","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"471","pageEnd":"476","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9378(96)70164-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39428111"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0002-9378(96)70164-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8765271"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39428111"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/transvaginal-ultrasound-and-preterm-prelabor-a-nonrandomized-intervention-study-rechkpprh9qoaaeai/","name":"Transvaginal ultrasound and preterm prelabor: a nonrandomized intervention study","headline":"Transvaginal ultrasound and preterm prelabor: a nonrandomized intervention study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/transvaginal-ultrasound-and-preterm-prelabor-a-nonrandomized-intervention-study-rechkpprh9qoaaeai/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Zalar RW Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R ZALARJR","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Torrance Memorial Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0480v3r94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R W Zalar","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Torrance Memorial Medical Center, California, USA."}}],"datePublished":"1996-07-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To characterize the continuum between normal and preterm labor to prevent spontaneous preterm birth and low birth weight.\n\nMETHODS: Between August 1, 1992, and November 30, 1993, obstetric patients from a large managed care medical group were assigned in rotation to five private practice offices for pregnancy care. In the study office (374 births), a systematic approach of visit-by-visit screening, patient education, selective office evaluation of cervical change by transvaginal ultrasound examination, outpatient modification of activity, and graded oral or subcutaneous tocolysis was used; inpatient tocolysis was used only when outpatient management failed. In the comparison offices (1391 births), transvaginal ultrasound was not used and conventional methods were used at the discretion of the attending physicians.\n\nRESULTS: Birth weights below 1500 g (P = .008; odds ratio [OR] 0.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.05-1.32), 2000 g (P = .21; OR 0.21, 95% CI 0.05-0.88), and 2500 g (P = .008; OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.23-0.83) occurred significantly less often in the study group than in the comparison group. The difference in spontaneous preterm births under 2500 g was also significant (P < .001; OR 0.08, 95% CI 0.01-0.58).\n\nCONCLUSION: By emphasizing transvaginal ultrasound and graded outpatient tocolysis, the diagnosis and management of preterm prelabor was associated with a reduction in the rate of spontaneous preterm birth and low birth weight infants.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"88","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"20","pageEnd":"23","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0029-7844(96)00092-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46007594"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0029-7844(96)00092-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8684755"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46007594"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/acog-technical-bulletin-chronic-pelvic-pain-number-223--may-1996-replaces-no-129-recbph2azne28nlor/","name":"ACOG technical bulletin. Chronic pelvic pain. Number 223--May 1996 (replaces no. 129, June 1989). American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists","headline":"ACOG technical bulletin. Chronic pelvic pain. Number 223--May 1996 (replaces no. 129, June 1989). American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/acog-technical-bulletin-chronic-pelvic-pain-number-223--may-1996-replaces-no-129-recbph2azne28nlor/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Committee on Technical Bulletins of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists"}],"datePublished":"1996-07-01","abstract":"Although treating patients with chronic pelvic pain may pose a challenge, such patients can often be treated successfully. Effective modalities are available to lessen the impact of the pain and offer the reasonable expectation of return to normal function.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"54","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics"}}},"pageStart":"59","pageEnd":"68","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstrual-and-reproductive-factors-and-hip-fractures-in-post-menopausal-women-recz5nwz6fwpmvk3y/","name":"Menstrual and reproductive factors and hip fractures in post menopausal women","headline":"Menstrual and reproductive factors and hip fractures in post menopausal women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstrual-and-reproductive-factors-and-hip-fractures-in-post-menopausal-women-recz5nwz6fwpmvk3y/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"F Parazzini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5624-4854","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05aspc753"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Ricci","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1767-0011","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05aspc753"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C La Vecchia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1441-897X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05aspc753"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Tavani","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05aspc753"}}],"datePublished":"1996-07-01","abstract":"Objectives: We analyzed the relationship between menstrual and reproductive history and risk of hip fractures in post-menopausal women using data from an Italian case-control study.\n\nMethods: Cases were 206 post-menopausal women admitted for fractures of the hip proximal femur to a network of teaching and general hospitals in Milan, Italy. The comparison group consisted of 590 post-menopausal women admitted to the same network of hospitals for acute, non-neoplastic, non-hormone-related conditions, other than traumatic or orthopedic disorders. Odds ratios (OR) of hip fracture were derived from unconditional multiple logistic regression.\n\nResults: No relation emerged between risk of hip fractures and age at menarche, lifelong menstrual cycle pattern and age at menopause. In comparison with women with age at menopause > or = 53 years, the multivariate OR of hip fractures were 1.2, 1.1, 1.2 and 0.5 in women with menopause at 50-52, 45-49, 40-44 and before 40 years (X2(1) trend 0.21). In comparison with nulliparae, the estimated age-adjusted OR was 0.6 (95% confidence interval, CI, 0.4-0.9) for parous women, but the multivariate estimate was not significant (OR 0.8, 95% CI 0.6-1.3) and the multivariate trend in risk with number of births was not significant either. No relation emerged between hip fractures and age at first and last birth, and history of abortions.\n\nConclusions: This study found no relevant influence of menstrual and reproductive factors on the risk of hip fractures in post-menopausal women. However, this is not in contrast with the observation of a short-term effect of menopause and more in general. female hormone levels on osteoporosis and hence on hip fractures.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Maturitas"}}},"pageStart":"191","pageEnd":"196","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-5122(96)82009-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57561434"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0378-5122(96)82009-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8844633"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q57561434"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-estriol-on-bone-loss-in-postmenopausal-japanese-women-a-multicenter-pr-recdqdx0rneitgsgx/","name":"Effect of estriol on bone loss in postmenopausal Japanese women: a multicenter prospective open study","headline":"Effect of estriol on bone loss in postmenopausal Japanese women: a multicenter prospective open study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-estriol-on-bone-loss-in-postmenopausal-japanese-women-a-multicenter-pr-recdqdx0rneitgsgx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A Sato","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7015-4038","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Imperial Household Agency","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00yv9a247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Koyama","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5071-2503","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tokyo Medical and Dental University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/051k3eh31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Ohta","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2490-3442","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Keio University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02kn6nx58"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Ikeda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2360-3640","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Keio University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02kn6nx58"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Ochiai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5467-1756","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jikei University School of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/039ygjf22"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Kinoshita","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9901-9753","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Yamanashi","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059x21724"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kenjiro Tanaka","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3098-4760","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aichi Gakuin University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01rwx7470"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Kurabayashi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3633-821X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Niigata University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04ww21r56"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Fukunaga","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8700-4009","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kawasaki Medical School","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059z11218"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Aso","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tokyo Medical and Dental University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/051k3eh31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y Ibuki","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Gunma University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/046fm7598"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Kato","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Yamanashi","sameAs":"https://ror.org/059x21724"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Kusuhara","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3641-8746","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jikei University School of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/039ygjf22"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y Minagawa","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Niigata University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04ww21r56"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Minaguchi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yokohama City University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0135d1r83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Mizunuma","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Gunma University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/046fm7598"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Nozawa","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Keio University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02kn6nx58"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Shirasu","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yokohama City University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0135d1r83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Tsukikawa","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Imperial Household Agency","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00yv9a247"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Uemura","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yokohama City University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0135d1r83"}}],"datePublished":"1996-06-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of oral estriol on the bone mineral density (BMD) and bone metabolism in postmenopausal women.\n\nMETHODS: Seventy-five natural postmenopausal women with a BMD of more than 10% below the peak bone density were treated for 50 weeks with 2 mg/day estriol (E3) cyclically and 0.8 g/day of calcium lactate continuously. BMDs at L2-L4 were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).\n\nRESULTS: The BMD increased 1.79% (p < 0.01 vs. pretreatment) after 50 weeks, accompanied with decrease of biochemical markers of bone turnover. With regard to climacteric symptoms, Kupperman's menopausal index improved (p < 0.01 vs. pretreatment) after 5 weeks of treatment. As to the incidence of adverse events genital bleeding was observed in only 8.0% of the subjects. Endometrial histology and cytology showed neither abnormalities nor hyperplasia during and after the treatment.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Estriol prevented postmenopausal bone loss and improved climacteric symptoms effectively with low incidence of genital bleeding.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research"}}},"pageStart":"259","pageEnd":"265","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1447-0756.1996.tb00976.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71613531"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1447-0756.1996.tb00976.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8840712"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71613531"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-factors-falls-and-fracture-of-the-distal-forearm-in-manchester-uk-recodgxa1fqi0cplg/","name":"Risk factors, falls, and fracture of the distal forearm in Manchester, UK","headline":"Risk factors, falls, and fracture of the distal forearm in Manchester, UK","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-factors-falls-and-fracture-of-the-distal-forearm-in-manchester-uk-recodgxa1fqi0cplg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Terence W O’Neill","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8896-4677","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Utrecht University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04pp8hn57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A J Silman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8426-8925","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Manchester","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Adams","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0378-2231","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Mary’s Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/041j39g66"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Marsden","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Manchester University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02aswte26"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Terence W O'Neill","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"ARC Epidemiology Research Unit, Manchester University."}}],"datePublished":"1996-06-01","abstract":"Objective: To determine the risk factors associated with fracture of the distal forearm, and to evaluate the influence of falls on these risks.\nDesign: This was a case-control study.\nSetting: Manchester, UK.\n\nParticipants: The cases were 62 white women aged 45-82 years who had sustained a fracture of the distal forearm and had attended local hospitals. Two control groups were studied - 50 women who had fallen onto the hand but had not sustained a fracture (recruited from the same source as those with fracture) and 116 women randomly selected from primary care age and sex registers in the catchment area of the hospitals. Both cases and controls were sent a letter inviting them to take part in the study. Data were collected by questionnaire completed by an interviewer.\n\nMAIN Results: Compared with the population control group, those with fracture were more likely to walk at a brisk pace (odds ratio (OR) = 3.5; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.3, 9.6) though they had undertaken less physical activity at home or work on a daily basis throughout life (OR = 0.4; 95% CI 0.2, 0.9). The risk associated with brisk walking was less marked when the cases were compared with fall controls. Other lifestyle factors including calcium intake, smoking, and alcohol consumption were not associated with fracture. Analysis of gynaecological and hormonal factors suggested that compared with population controls, those with fracture of the distal forearm had had fewer fertile years (OR = 0.4; 95% CI 0.1, 0.9) and were less likely to have used oral contraceptives (OR = 0.3; 95% CI 0.1, 0.9).\n\nConclusions: The data highlight the need for caution when advising middle aged and elderly subjects about exercise. Such advice should be combined with practical information about the prevention of falls. Hormonal factors seem to be additional determinants of fracture. Other lifestyle interventions seem unlikely to play an important part in preventing distal forearm fracture.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"50","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health"}}},"pageStart":"288","pageEnd":"292","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.50.3.288","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33703619"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/jech.50.3.288"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8935460"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33703619"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/changes-in-muscle-strength-relaxation-rate-and-fatiguability-during-the-human-me-bxtutf4h/","name":"Changes in muscle strength, relaxation rate and fatiguability during the human menstrual cycle","headline":"Changes in muscle strength, relaxation rate and fatiguability during the human menstrual cycle","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/changes-in-muscle-strength-relaxation-rate-and-fatiguability-during-the-human-me-bxtutf4h/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarwar R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Niclos BB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rutherford OM"}],"datePublished":"1996-05-15","abstract":"1. The effect of the different phases of the menstrual cycle on skeletal muscle strength, contractile properties and fatiguability was investigated in ten young, healthy females. Results were compared with a similar group on the combined (non-phasic) oral contraceptive pill (OC). Cycle phases were divided into the early and mid-follicular, mid-cycle (ovulatory) and mid- and late luteal. Cycle phases were estimated from the first day of the menstrual bleed. 2. Subjects were studied weekly through two complete cycles. Measurements included quadriceps and handgrip maximum voluntary isometric force and the relaxation times, force-frequency relationship and fatigue index of the quadriceps during percutaneous stimulation at a range of frequencies from 1 to 100 Hz. 3. In the women not taking the OC there was a significant increase of about 11% in quadriceps and handgrip strength at mid-cycle compared with both the follicular and luteal phases. Accompanying the increases in strength there was a significant slowing of relaxation and increase in fatiguability at mid-cycle. No changes in any parameter were found in the women taking the OC. 4. The changes in muscle function at mid-cycle may be due to the increase in oestrogen that occurs prior to ovulation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"493 ( Pt 1)","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"Pt 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of physiology"}}},"pageStart":"267","pageEnd":"72","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1996.sp021381","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71335703"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1113/jphysiol.1996.sp021381"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8735711"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71335703"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancy-and-the-timing-of-intercourse-recbhgrto7ghkbzu9/","name":"Pregnancy and the timing of intercourse","headline":"Pregnancy and the timing of intercourse","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancy-and-the-timing-of-intercourse-recbhgrto7ghkbzu9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1996-05-09","abstract":"The optimal timing of sexual intercourse in relation to the day of ovulation in order for pregnancy to result is a topic of broad interest. Of obvious relevance to fecundability, on the one hand, a...","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"334","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"1267","pageEnd":"1268","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hypothalamic-corticotropin-releasing-hormone-suppression-during-the-postpartum-p-recc169jtybemqbc8/","name":"Hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing hormone suppression during the postpartum period: implications for the increase in psychiatric manifestations at this time","headline":"Hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing hormone suppression during the postpartum period: implications for the increase in psychiatric manifestations at this time","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hypothalamic-corticotropin-releasing-hormone-suppression-during-the-postpartum-p-recc169jtybemqbc8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"George Mastorakos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1929-3275","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Douglas S. Rabin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P W Gold","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2199-6076","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G P Chrousos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3098-5264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Dubbert","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M A Magiakou","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}}],"datePublished":"1996-05-01","abstract":"The third trimester of human pregnancy is characterized by a hyperactive hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, possibly driven by progressively increasing circulating levels of placental CRH and gradually decreasing levels of CRH-binding protein. The postpartum period, on the other hand, is characterized by an increased vulnerability to psychiatric manifestations (postpartum \"blues,\" depression, and psychosis), a phenomenon compatible with suppressed hypothalamic CRH secretion. To investigate the hypothesis that the postpartum period is associated with suppression of hypothalamic CRH secretion, we studied prospectively 17 healthy euthymic women (mean +/- SE age, 32.0 +/- 1.1 yr) with no prior history of depression, starting at the 20th week of gestation. Psychometric testing was performed monthly during pregnancy and postpartum on day 2 and weeks 2, 3, 6, 8, 12, 16, and 20, whereas serial ovine (o) CRH tests were performed postpartum at 3, 6, and 12 weeks. While pregnant, all 17 subjects remained euthymic; in the postpartum period, 7 women developed the \"blues,\" and 1 developed depression. Overall, the mean plasma ACTH response to an iv bolus of 1 microgram/kg oCRH was markedly blunted at 3 and 6 weeks, but normal at 12 weeks postpartum, whereas the mean plasma cortisol response was at the upper limit of normal at all 3 times. These data are compatible with a suppressed hypothalamic CRH neuron that gradually returns to normal while hypertropic adrenal cortexes are progressively down-sizing. When the postpartum ACTH responses to oCRH were analyzed separately for the euthymic women and the women who had the \"blues\" or depression, the blunting of ACTH was significantly more severe and long lasting in the latter group; this was observed at all 3 times of testing. We conclude that there is central suppression of hypothalamic CRH secretion in the postpartum, which might explain the increased vulnerability to the affective disorders observed during this period. The suppressed ACTH response to oCRH might serve as a biochemical marker of the postpartum \"blues\" or depression.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"81","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"1912","pageEnd":"1917","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem.81.5.8626857","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52201898"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jcem.81.5.8626857"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8626857"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q52201898"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-preterm-prediction-study-fetal-fibronectin-testing-and-spontaneous-preterm-b-recn9e0dfzete3drw/","name":"The preterm prediction study: fetal fibronectin testing and spontaneous preterm birth. NICHD Maternal Fetal Medicine Units Network","headline":"The preterm prediction study: fetal fibronectin testing and spontaneous preterm birth. NICHD Maternal Fetal Medicine Units Network","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-preterm-prediction-study-fetal-fibronectin-testing-and-spontaneous-preterm-b-recn9e0dfzete3drw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Brian Mercer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"From Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, N.C. (P.J.M.); the National Institute of\r          Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Md. (M.K., C.Y.S.); the Biostatistics\r          Center, ..."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paul Meis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008s83205"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R COPPER","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008s83205"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Das","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3170-2606","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008s83205"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R L Goldenberg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1283-8340","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008s83205"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D McNellis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}}],"datePublished":"1996-05-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the presence of fetal fibronectin in the cervix and vagina as a screening test for spontaneous preterm birth.\n\nMETHODS: Two thousand nine hundred twenty-nine women at ten centers were routinely screened every 2 weeks from 22-24 to 30 weeks for cervical and vaginal fetal fibronectin. A positive test was defined as a value equal to or greater than 50 ng/mL. The relation between a positive test at four gestational ages and spontaneous preterm birth at various intervals after the test was determined.\n\nRESULTS: In each testing period, 3-4% of the fetal fibronectin tests were positive. The correlation between cervical and vaginal fetal fibronectin at the same visit was always approximately 0.7 (P < .001), and that between cervical or vaginal fetal fibronectin in consecutive visits was between 0.17 and 0.25 (P < .001). The sensitivity of fetal fibronectin at 22-24 weeks to predict spontaneous preterm birth at less than 28 weeks was 0.63, and the relative risk for a positive versus negative test was 59. The specificity was always 96-98%, whereas the positive predictive value rose from 13% to 36% as the upper limit of the definition of preterm birth was increased from less than 28 to less than 37 weeks. The relative risk for spontaneous preterm birth after a positive fetal fibronectin test compared with a negative fetal fibronectin test varied substantially by testing period and by the definition of spontaneous preterm birth, but always remained greater than 4 and statistically significant.\n\nCONCLUSION: A positive cervical or vaginal fetal fibronectin test at 22-24 weeks predicted more than half of the spontaneous preterm births at less than 28 weeks (sensitivity 0.63). As the definition of spontaneous preterm birth was extended to include later gestational ages or when the fetal fibronectin test was performed later in pregnancy, the level of association between a positive fetal fibronectin test and spontaneous preterm birth, while remaining highly significant, tended to decrease. Although fetal fibronectin is an excellent test for predicting spontaneous preterm birth, we present no evidence that the use of this test will result in a reduction in spontaneous preterm birth.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"87","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5 Pt 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"643","pageEnd":"648","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0029-7844(96)00035-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55066515"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0029-7844(96)00035-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8677060"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q55066515"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-oral-estradiol-on-lpa-and-other-lipoproteins-in-postmenopausal-women-a-recxhmvek0cti3by5/","name":"Effect of oral estradiol on Lp(a) and other lipoproteins in postmenopausal women. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study","headline":"Effect of oral estradiol on Lp(a) and other lipoproteins in postmenopausal women. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-oral-estradiol-on-lpa-and-other-lipoproteins-in-postmenopausal-women-a-recxhmvek0cti3by5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Haines C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Masarei J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tomlinson B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chang A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1476-6643"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chung T","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6989-0417"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Evelyn Wong","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5027-6046","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Health Network","sameAs":"https://ror.org/042xt5161"}}],"datePublished":"1996-04-22","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Lp(a) lipoprotein level is an independent risk factor for premature coronary artery disease and cerebrovascular accident. Concentrations of this lipoprotein tend to increase after menopause.\n\nOBJECTIVE: To determine whether oral estrogen was effective in lowering concentrations of Lp(a) lipoprotein in postmenopausal women.\n\nMETHODS: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study was conducted during a 12-month period in 100 postmenopausal women who had undergone hysterectomy. They were randomized into two groups: group 1 received oral estradiol, 2 mg/d, for the first 6 months and placebo for the second, and group 2 received these treatments in the reverse order. After completion of the crossover study, the effect of prolonged administration of oral estradiol was examined by placing all patients on active treatment and repeating the lipoprotein measurements approximately 12 months later.\n\nRESULTS: No significant differences were noted between the two groups at the commencement of the study (median concentration of Lp[a] lipoprotein, 10.78 mg/dL [range, 2.2 to 108.5 mg/dL] in group 1 and 12.74 mg/dL [range, 0.8 to 98.1 mg/dL] in group 2). Crossover analysis showed a 9.62% reduction in values of Lp(a) lipoprotein with estradiol treatment compared with placebo during 12 months of treatment (P < .001). With prolonged treatment, the median concentration of Lp(a) lipoprotein for those in group 1 decreased from 8.12 mg/dL (range, 1.05 to 57.4 mg/dL) to 5.77 mg/dL (range, 0.84 to 75.39 mg/dL) (P < .001). In group 2, the median concentration decreased from 8.19 mg/dL (range, 2.52 to 99.82 mg/dL) to 7.07 mg/dL (range, 0.70 to 48.79 mg/dL), but this difference was not significant (P = .63).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: The results of this study confirm the beneficial effect of oral estradiol on the basic lipoprotein pattern and demonstrate that this treatment is effective in reducing concentrations of Lp(a) lipoprotein in postmenopausal women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"156","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Archives of Internal Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"866","pageEnd":"872","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/transdermal-oestrogen-for-treatment-of-severe-postnatal-depression-reck6o8iepdfbdof8/","name":"Transdermal oestrogen for treatment of severe postnatal depression","headline":"Transdermal oestrogen for treatment of severe postnatal depression","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/transdermal-oestrogen-for-treatment-of-severe-postnatal-depression-reck6o8iepdfbdof8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Alain Grégoire","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Salisbury NHS Foundation Trust","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ja2ye75"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Kumar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9725-727X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Perinatal Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dh12p89"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Barry J. Everitt","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4431-6536"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J W Studd"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A F Henderson"}],"datePublished":"1996-04-06","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Postnatal depression can have long-term adverse consequences for the mother, for the marital relationship, and for the infant's psychological development. Such depressions can be severe and resistant to both support and counselling and to therapy with antidepressant drugs. We investigated the antidepressant efficacy of oestrogen given transdermally.\n\nMETHODS: In a double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 61 women with major depression, which began within 3 months of childbirth and persisted for up to 18 months postnatally, were allocated randomly active treatment (n=34; 3 months of transdermal 17 beta-oestradiol 200 micrograms daily alone, then 3 months with added cyclical dydrogesterone 10mg daily for 12 days each month) or placebo (n=27; placebo patches and tablets according to the same regimen). The women were assessed monthly by self-ratings of depressive symptoms on the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (EPDS) and by clinical psychiatric interview (schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia [SADS]-change scale).\n\nFINDINGS: On pretreatment assessments the women in both groups were severely depressed (mean EPDS score 21.8 [SD 3.0] active group, 21.3 [2.9] placebo group; SADS scores, 66.3 [11.4] and 64.3 [10.7]). During the first month of therapy the women receiving oestrogen improved rapidly, and to a significantly greater extent than controls (mean EPDS scores 13.3 [SD 5.7] vs 16.5 [5.3]. Patients receiving placebo also improved over time but, on average, their scores did not fall below the screening threshold for major depression for at least 4 months. The estimated overall treatment effect of oestrogen on the EPDS was 4.38 points (95% Cl 1.89-6.87). None of a range of other factors (age, psychiatric, obstetric and gynaecological history, severity and duration of current episode of depression, and concurrent antidepressant medication), influenced the response to oestrogen.\n\nINTERPRETATION: This study has shown that transdermal oestrogen is an effective treatment for postnatal depression. Further studies are required to establish the minimum effective dose and shortest necessary duration of treatment as well as the mechanism of antidepressant action of oestrogen.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"347","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9006","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Lancet (London, England)"}}},"pageStart":"930","pageEnd":"933","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(96)91414-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70994924"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0140-6736(96)91414-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8598756"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70994924"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/delay-in-the-diagnosis-of-endometriosis-a-survey-of-women-from-the-usa-and-the-u-reco6fi7hjuzozzjm/","name":"Delay in the diagnosis of endometriosis: a survey of women from the USA and the  UK","headline":"Delay in the diagnosis of endometriosis: a survey of women from the USA and the  UK","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/delay-in-the-diagnosis-of-endometriosis-a-survey-of-women-from-the-usa-and-the-u-reco6fi7hjuzozzjm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ruth M. Hadfield","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2748-5461","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"John Radcliffe Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0080acb59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Helen J. Mardon","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oxford","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052gg0110"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David J. Barlow","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0094-5122","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oxford","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052gg0110"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sean Kennedy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4393-9785","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"John Radcliffe Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0080acb59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Barlow","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5099-7732"}],"datePublished":"1996-04-01","abstract":"We investigated the length of time between the onset of pain symptoms and the surgical diagnosis of endometriosis in women from the UK and the USA. A total of 218 women with surgically confirmed disease, recruited through endometriosis self-help groups, completed a postal questionnaire. The mean +/- SD delay in diagnosis for women from the USA was 11.73 +/- 9.05 years, significantly higher than the equivalent delay of 7.96 +/- 7.92 years for women from the UK (P < 0.01). The stage of disease did not effect the length of time between the onset of symptoms and diagnosis. Therefore there is considerable delay in the diagnosis of endometriosis for women from both the UK and the USA. Efforts to reduce this delay are required to minimize the suffering of women with this disease.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"878","pageEnd":"880","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a019270","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71162292"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a019270"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8671344"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71162292"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/donor-insemination-a-comparison-of-lesbian-couples-heterosexual-couples-and-sing-rec1dhlrfzxfhmq9o/","name":"Donor insemination: a comparison of lesbian couples, heterosexual couples and single women","headline":"Donor insemination: a comparison of lesbian couples, heterosexual couples and single women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/donor-insemination-a-comparison-of-lesbian-couples-heterosexual-couples-and-sing-rec1dhlrfzxfhmq9o/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Claire Wendland","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6323-2082","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of New Mexico","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05fs6jp91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Francis W. Byrn","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of New Mexico","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05fs6jp91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Burn"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Hill","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2891-1119","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of New Mexico","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05fs6jp91"}}],"datePublished":"1996-04-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To compare single women, lesbian couples, and heterosexual couples receiving therapeutic donor insemination (TDI).\n\nDESIGN: Chart review followed by anonymous mail questionnaires to donor insemination recipients and their partners.\n\nSETTING: Infertility clinic in a university hospital.\n\nPATIENTS: One hundred fifteen women receiving donor insemination were identified by chart review.\n\nRESULTS: Too few single women responded for reliable comparison. Lesbian women were similar to married women in age, education, duration, and outcome of donor insemination. When considering alternatives to TDI, married women were more likely to consider adoption and lesbians were most likely to consider using a known semen donor or having intercourse with a man aware of their desire to have a child. Married couples were less likely to tell others, including the child, about conception by donor insemination. They were also less likely to support disclosing identifying data about the donor to the child. Lesbians were more likely to report stress in their relationships as a result of TDI. Married men were most likely to support mandatory counseling before TDI initiation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"65","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"764","pageEnd":"770","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)58211-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41001309"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)58211-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8654636"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41001309"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clomiphene-citrate-with-intrauterine-insemination-is-it-effective-therapy-in-wom-recg2g9keqtrrwgwl/","name":"Clomiphene citrate with intrauterine insemination: is it effective therapy in women above the age of 35 years?","headline":"Clomiphene citrate with intrauterine insemination: is it effective therapy in women above the age of 35 years?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clomiphene-citrate-with-intrauterine-insemination-is-it-effective-therapy-in-wom-recg2g9keqtrrwgwl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sanjay K. Agarwal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8046-9807"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R P Buyalos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9148-0692","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Los Angeles","sameAs":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sweta Agarwal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2022-165X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yahoo (United Kingdom)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/038p3gq39"}}],"datePublished":"1996-04-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the influence of female age on clomiphene citrate (CC) with IUI therapy and to compare the efficacy of this therapy between patients with ovulatory and anovulatory infertility.\n\nSETTING: A university fertility clinic.\n\nSUBJECTS: Six hundred sixty-four CC with IUI cycles from 290 women aged 22 to 48 years.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Cumulative and clinical pregnancy rates (PRs).\n\nRESULTS: Both cumulative and clinical PRs declined substantially in women > 35 years when compared with those < or = 35 years. In addition, no difference in these parameters was noted between patients with ovulatory and anovulatory infertility diagnoses. The vast majority of pregnancies occurred within the first four treatment cycles, irrespective of age or ovulatory versus anovulatory infertility diagnoses.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: The age-related decline in clinical PR is most rapid beginning at the age of 35 years. For any given age group, CC with IUI therapy has similar cumulative and clinical PRs for both ovulatory and anovulatory infertility diagnoses. This therapy usually should not extend beyond four cycles. Couples should be counseled about the dramatic fall in PRs occurring beyond the age of 35 years.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"65","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"759","pageEnd":"763","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)58210-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46245236"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)58210-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8654635"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46245236"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/breast-and-ovarian-cancer-incidence-after-infertility-and-in-vitro-fertilization-8ixjhbvn/","name":"Breast and Ovarian Cancer Incidence after Infertility and In Vitro Fertilization","headline":"Breast and Ovarian Cancer Incidence after Infertility and In Vitro Fertilization","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/breast-and-ovarian-cancer-incidence-after-infertility-and-in-vitro-fertilization-8ixjhbvn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"&NA;"}],"datePublished":"1996-03-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Endocrinologist"}}},"pageStart":"160","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00019616-199603000-00027","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/00019616-199603000-00027"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/scientific-bases-for-nfp-beyond-question-rec0f70prwhsh9g7r/","name":"Scientific bases for NFP beyond question","headline":"Scientific bases for NFP beyond question","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/scientific-bases-for-nfp-beyond-question-rec0f70prwhsh9g7r/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kippley JF"}],"datePublished":"1996-03-01","abstract":"The Couple to Couple League (CCL) is pleased that an article and an editorial in the December 1995 issue of the well-respected New England Journal of Medicine confirm that natural family planning (NFP) has value and is scientifically based, a fact the CCL has known for many years. The research covered in the article entitled Timing of Sexual Intercourse in Relation to Ovulation found that the only fertile days were the five days before ovulation and the day of ovulation itself. Most conceptions (76.4%) occurred during the day of and the first and second days before ovulation. CCL's slide showing the extent of the fertile time reflects the data of the report, but also includes the possibility of a second ovulation occurring within 24 hours of the first ovulation. The study found that women conceived in only 37% of cycles in which intercourse took place during the six-day fertile period. This rate is not much different than that claimed by a NFP physician many years ago (about 30%). The study showed the highest conception probability to be when the couple had sexual intercourse every day during the fertile period (37% vs. 33% for every other day). CCL advises couples to abstain until the fertile period then follow one coital frequency period during one cycle (e.g., every day) and the other pattern the next cycle (e.g., every other day). The study refuted claims that the timing of coitus relative to ovulation was not associated to the sex of the baby and that aging sperm do not reduce the viability of the fetus and/or cause birth defects. In fact, aging sperm rarely fertilize the ovum. The only way to positively detect ovulation is seeing the ovum burst out of the ovary. Hormone analyses of blood or urine and observations of cervical mucus and basal body temperature allow an estimate of the day of ovulation. NFP is not based on detecting ovulation but on identifying the limits of the fertile period.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"CCL Family Foundations"}}},"pageStart":"1","pageEnd":"3","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulatory-premenopausal-women-lose-cancellous-spinal-bone-a-five-year-prospectiv-recokr0k7yrn6leke/","name":"Ovulatory premenopausal women lose cancellous spinal bone: a five year prospective study","headline":"Ovulatory premenopausal women lose cancellous spinal bone: a five year prospective study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulatory-premenopausal-women-lose-cancellous-spinal-bone-a-five-year-prospectiv-recokr0k7yrn6leke/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y M Vigna","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8840-192X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan I Barr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8701-7152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sean Kennedy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4393-9785","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"John Radcliffe Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0080acb59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Schulzer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D K Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8549-5437","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"1996-03-01","abstract":"Healthy premenopausal women with regular cycles are believed to be increasing or maintaining bone density. However, few studies have prospectively documented spinal cancellous bone, the bone that changes rapidly in response to reproductive hormones, in this population. Furthermore, our previous one-year study documented that 24% of the one-year bone change by quantitative computed tomography (QCT) was related to subclinical ovulatory disturbances (short luteal phase and non-ovulation) in the presence of regular menstrual cycles. The purpose of this study was to document the cancellous bone change over five years in this initially ovulatory, premenopausal cohort of 66 healthy women. Thirty-seven women, who continued to be premenopausal and have regular cycles, completed this five-year study. Those enrolled differed only by being older and weighing less than those who could not be contacted (n = 19) or who declined to participate (n = 10). Documentation of current ovulatory characteristics was obtained for at least three cycles in 27 women. At the five-year assessment, the volunteers were 40.6 (range 26-47) years old, weighed 58.5 (41-77) kg, and were 160.9 (149-174) cm in height. All were premenopausal, healthy, nonsmokers with regular menstrual cycles (mean 27.7, range 24-33 days). Six women with intervening events (such as pregnancy or use of oral contraceptives) had interval (12 to 60 months) QCT changes similar to the remaining 31 (-7.98 vs. -4.92 mg/cm, p = 0.1, respectively). Mean five-year QCT was 143.0 +/- 20.2 mg/cm, whereas the initial mean value was 151.9 +/- 20.1 mg/cm. Significant QCT loss over five years (-8.9 +/- 6.2 mg/cm) (95% Cl -6.9 to -11.0) correlated with QCT change in the first year (r = 0.629, p < 0.001). First-year change was not related to the subsequent four-year interval change (r = -0.056, p = 0.74), however. Five-year QCT change was not related to age, weight, osteoporosis family history, estimated calcium intake, or exercise, but did correlate with year one luteal index (luteal/cycle length) (r = 0.339, p = 0.043). Significant cancellous spinal bone loss occurs in healthy, ovulatory premenopausal women, and is influenced by subclinical disturbances of ovulation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Bone"}}},"pageStart":"261","pageEnd":"267","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/8756-3282(95)00487-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71247995"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/8756-3282(95)00487-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8703582"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71247995"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reproductive-aging-accelerated-ovarian-follicular-development-associated-with-a--ptp4z6gj/","name":"Reproductive aging: accelerated ovarian follicular development associated with a monotropic follicle-stimulating hormone rise in normal older women","headline":"Reproductive aging: accelerated ovarian follicular development associated with a monotropic follicle-stimulating hormone rise in normal older women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reproductive-aging-accelerated-ovarian-follicular-development-associated-with-a--ptp4z6gj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Klein NA","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4052-5864"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Battaglia DE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Victor Y Fujimoto","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Davis GS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"W J Bremner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9769-2554","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"United States Department of Veterans Affairs","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05rsv9s98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M R Soules","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}}],"datePublished":"1996-03-01","abstract":"Women experience a decline in fertility that precedes the menopause by several years. Previous studies have demonstrated a monotropic rise in FSH associated with reproductive aging: however, the mechanism of this rise and its role in the aging process are poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to characterize ovarian follicular development and ovarian hormone secretion in older reproductive age women. Sixteen women, aged 40-45 yr, with regular ovulatory cycles were studied. The control group consisted of 12 ovulatory women, aged 20-25 yr. Serum obtained by daily blood sampling was analyzed for FSH, LH, estradiol (E), progesterone, and inhibin (Monash polyclonal assay). Follicle growth and ovulation were documented by transvaginal ultrasound. Older women had significantly higher levels of FSH throughout the menstrual cycle. E, progesterone, LH, and inhibin levels did not differ between the two age groups when compared relative to the day of the LH surge. Ultrasound revealed normal growth, size, and collapse of a dominant follicle in all subjects. Older women had significantly shorter follicular phase length associated with an early acute rise in follicular phase E, reflecting accelerated development of a dominant follicle. We conclude that older reproductive age women have accelerated development of a dominant follicle in the presence of the monotropic FSH rise. This is manifested as a shortened follicular phase and elevated follicular phase E. The fact that ovarian steroid and inhibin secretion were similar to those in the younger women suggests that elevated FSH in women of advanced reproductive age may represent a primary neuroendocrine change associated with reproductive aging.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"81","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"1038","pageEnd":"45","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem.81.3.8772573","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71441833"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jcem.81.3.8772573"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8772573"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71441833"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-prospective-controlled-study-of-luteal-and-endometrial-abnormalities-in-an-inf-recawcv6p8imwrlyd/","name":"A prospective controlled study of luteal and endometrial abnormalities in an infertile population","headline":"A prospective controlled study of luteal and endometrial abnormalities in an infertile population","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-prospective-controlled-study-of-luteal-and-endometrial-abnormalities-in-an-inf-recawcv6p8imwrlyd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Batista MC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cartledge TP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zellmer AW"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Merino MJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Loriaux DL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G R Merriam","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L K Nieman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0534-8025","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Health and Human Development (2HD) Research Network","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05asga947"}}],"datePublished":"1996-03-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether luteal and endometrial abnormalities occur more frequently in an infertile population and thus contribute to infertility.\n\nDESIGN: Prospective controlled clinical study.\n\nSETTING: Outpatient clinic in an academic research institution.\n\nPARTICIPANTS: Thirty-three fertile controls and 31 infertile women without ovulatory disorders, tubal disease, or male factors.\n\nINTERVENTIONS: All women underwent an endometrial biopsy 9 days after the LH surge followed by an IM injection of 5,000 IU hCG. Blood samples were drawn immediately before hCG administration for serum P and placental protein 14 (PP14) measurements, at 6 hours after hCG stimulation for serum P concentrations, and on day 5 after hCG administration for serum PP14 levels.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Histologic dating of the endometrium and serum P and PP14 measurements.\n\nRESULTS: Abnormal endometrial biopsies occurred more frequently in infertile (43%) than in fertile women (9%). Except for one case, these specimens were not associated with low hCG-stimulated P levels. Serum PP14 measurements varied widely and did not discriminate subjects with abnormal endometrial development.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Disruption of endometrial maturation without a concomitant defect of the corpus luteum occurs more frequently in an infertile population and thus may contribute to infertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"65","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"495","pageEnd":"502","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relationship-between-symptom-severity-and-steroid-variation-in-women-with-premen-recl8jmezsfgxmypv/","name":"Relationship between symptom severity and steroid variation in women with premenstrual syndrome: study on serum pregnenolone, pregnenolone sulfate, 5 alpha-pregnane-3,20-dione and 3 alpha-hydroxy-5 alpha-pregnan-20-one","headline":"Relationship between symptom severity and steroid variation in women with premenstrual syndrome: study on serum pregnenolone, pregnenolone sulfate, 5 alpha-pregnane-3,20-dione and 3 alpha-hydroxy-5 alpha-pregnan-20-one","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relationship-between-symptom-severity-and-steroid-variation-in-women-with-premen-recl8jmezsfgxmypv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R H Purdy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1853-5252","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Umeå University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05kb8h459"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Torbjörn Bäckström","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0907-3535","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Umeå University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05kb8h459"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Seippel","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Umeå University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05kb8h459"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3611-8855","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Umeå University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05kb8h459"}}],"datePublished":"1996-03-01","abstract":"The relationship between symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and serum levels of pregnenolone (Pe), pregnenolone sulfate (PS), 5 alpha-pregnane-3,20-dione (5 alpha-DHP), 3 alpha-hydroxy-5 alpha- pregnan-20-one (5 alpha-THP), LH, 17 beta-estradiol (E2), and progesterone (P) was investigated during 2 consecutive menstrual cycles in 12 patients using daily measurements. Corresponding hormones were also measured during 1 cycle in 8 control women. Pe, PS, 5 alpha-DHP, and 5 alpha-THP showed a significant cyclicity within menstrual cycles and a high rate of correlation with P variation in both PMS patients and controls. No significant difference was found between PMS patients and controls in average serum concentrations of Pe, PS, 5 alpha-DHP, 5 alpha-THP, and LH during the luteal phase, whereas a significantly higher level of E2 and a lower level of P were observed in PMS patients. The variation in symptom scores was compared with that in hormone levels within each woman. The symptom peak showed a delay of 3-4 days after the serum P, Pe, 5 alpha-DHP, and 5 alpha-THP peaks. However, the plasma PS peak appeared on the same day or only 1 day before the symptom peak in PMS patients. When comparing the 2 cycles studied, more negative symptoms occurred in cycles with higher luteal phase E2, Pe, and PS concentrations, whereas higher luteal phase 5 alpha-DHP and 5 alpha-THP concentrations were associated with improved symptom ratings in PMS patients. These results suggest that the mentioned steroids are related to the severity of distressing symptoms in PMS patients.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"81","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"1076","pageEnd":"1082","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem.81.3.8772579","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51576472"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jcem.81.3.8772579"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8772579"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q51576472"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometrial-progesterone-receptors-and-markers-of-uterine-receptivity-in-the-win-recakol5rhuhs6yxt/","name":"Endometrial progesterone receptors and markers of uterine receptivity in the window of implantation","headline":"Endometrial progesterone receptors and markers of uterine receptivity in the window of implantation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometrial-progesterone-receptors-and-markers-of-uterine-receptivity-in-the-win-recakol5rhuhs6yxt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A J Castelbaum"},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Chwalisz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0833-0114"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M A Fritz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04r3kq386"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A O Ilesanmi"},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Korzeniowski"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bruce A Lessey","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8451-2817","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of South Carolina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02b6qw903"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Sun","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3854-0544"},{"@type":"Person","name":"I Yeh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0055-273X"}],"datePublished":"1996-03-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To compare the expression of endometrial P receptors (PR) levels with markers of endometrial receptivity during the window of implantation.\n\nDESIGN: Prospective, controlled study to examine endometrial PR and three cycle-specific integrins in endometrial biopsies obtained during the window of implantation.\n\nSETTING: An academic teaching hospital.\n\nPATIENTS: One hundred seventy-five endometrial biopsies from regularly cycling women with luteal phase defect (LPD; group 1; n = 80), medically treated LPD (group 2; n = 16), minimal and mild endometriosis with aberrant alpha v beta 3 expression (group 3; n = 21), fertile controls (group 4; n = 26), and infertile controls (group 5; n = 32).\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Immunohistochemical staining intensity of each antigen using the semi-quantitative grading system (HSCORE), compared using analysis of variance with Scheffe's correction.\n\nRESULTS: Among the five groups studied, nuclear PR expression was significantly elevated in glandular epithelial cells from tissue samples with histologic delay > or = 3 days consistent with luteal phase deficiency (LPD; group 1). Failure of PR down-regulation was associated with aberrant alpha v beta 3 integrin expression. Medical correction of LPD was associated with return of normal endometrial histology, normal integrin expression, and the loss of epithelial PR, similar to controls. The other two cycle-dependent integrin markers, alpha 1 beta 1 and alpha 4 beta 1, were not different between groups. In women with aberrant alpha v beta 3 and \"in phase\" endometrium, epithelial PR expression was not different from controls.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: The establishment of normal endometrial receptivity appears to be tightly associated with the down-regulation of epithelial PR. Histologic delay, consistent with LPD, is associated with a failure of PR down-regulation and the lack of normal markers of endometrial receptivity. Occult uterine receptivity defects (aberrant beta 3 expression in otherwise normal histology) are regulated differently, suggesting alternate mechanisms also exist which influence endometrial receptivity.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"65","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"477","pageEnd":"483","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)58140-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71446452"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)58140-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8774273"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71446452"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-length-of-the-cervix-and-the-risk-of-spontaneous-premature-delivery-national-recqsc3wautmiolwn/","name":"The length of the cervix and the risk of spontaneous premature delivery. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Maternal Fetal Medicine Unit Network","headline":"The length of the cervix and the risk of spontaneous premature delivery. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Maternal Fetal Medicine Unit Network","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-length-of-the-cervix-and-the-risk-of-spontaneous-premature-delivery-national-recqsc3wautmiolwn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jay D Iams","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7116-9004","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Ohio State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R L Goldenberg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1283-8340","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008s83205"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Atef Moawad","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Chicago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Das","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3170-2606","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008s83205"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Thom","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1395-3527","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"George Washington University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00y4zzh67"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J M Roberts","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2671-3207","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pittsburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R L Copper","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alabama","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xrrjk67"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Johnson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1120-6664","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Ohio State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D McNellis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paul J Meis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04v8djg66"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B M Mercer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Case Western Reserve University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/051fd9666"}}],"datePublished":"1996-02-29","abstract":"BACKGROUND: The role of the cervix in the pathogenesis of premature delivery is controversial. In a prospective, multicenter study of pregnant women, we used vaginal ultrasonography to measure the length of the cervix; we also documented the incidence of spontaneous delivery before 35 weeks' gestation.\n\nMETHODS: At 10 university-affiliated prenatal clinics, we performed vaginal ultrasonography at approximately 24 and 28 weeks of gestation in women with singleton pregnancies. We then assessed the relation between the length of the cervix and the risk of spontaneous preterm delivery.\n\nRESULTS: We examined 2915 women at approximately 24 weeks of gestation and 2531 of these women again at approximately 28 weeks. Spontaneous preterm delivery (at less than 35 weeks) occurred in 126 of the women (4.3 percent) examined at 24 weeks. The length of the cervix was normally distributed at 24 and 28 weeks (mean [+/- SD], 35.2 +/- 8.3 mm and 33.7 +/- 8.5 mm, respectively). The relative risk of preterm delivery increased as the length of the cervix decreased. When women with shorter cervixes at 24 weeks were compared with women with values above the 75th percentile, the relative risks of preterm delivery among the women with shorter cervixes were as follows: 1.98 for cervical lengths at or below the 75th percentile (40 mm), 2.35 for lengths at or below the 50th percentile (35 mm), 3.79 for lengths at or below the 25th percentile (30 mm), 6.19 for lengths at or below the 10th percentile (26 mm), 9.49 for lengths at or below the 5th percentile (22 mm), and 13.99 for lengths at or below the 1st percentile (13 mm) (P < 0.001 for values at or below the 50th percentile; P = 0.008 for values at or below the 75th percentile). For the lengths measured at 28 weeks, the corresponding relative risks were 2.80, 3.52, 5.39, 9.57, 13.88, and 24.94 (P < 0.001 for values at or below the 50th percentile; P = 0.003 for values at the 75th percentile).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: The risk of spontaneous preterm delivery is increased in women who are found to have a short cervix by vaginal ultrasonography during pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"334","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"567","pageEnd":"572","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199602293340904","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34372307"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJM199602293340904"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8569824"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34372307"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-corpus-luteum-insufficiency-a-multifactorial-disease-recqci0jff0hbmyqd/","name":"The corpus luteum insufficiency: a multifactorial disease","headline":"The corpus luteum insufficiency: a multifactorial disease","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-corpus-luteum-insufficiency-a-multifactorial-disease-recqci0jff0hbmyqd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C Henze","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Göttingen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y9bpm73"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Hinney","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Göttingen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y9bpm73"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W Kuhn","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6301-7422","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Göttingen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y9bpm73"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W Wuttke","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8843-1491","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Göttingen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y9bpm73"}}],"datePublished":"1996-02-01","abstract":"The pulsatile release pattern of LH during the entire menstrual cycle is well defined; however, the response of corpora lutea to these LH pulses in patients suffering from corpus luteum insufficiencies (CLI) is largely unknown. Patients suffering from CLI were selected from infertile patients on the basis of low progesterone (P < 25 nmol/L) in a blood sample withdrawn during a monitoring cycle. During the next cycle, nine blood samples were collected during the follicular and luteal phase and follicular development was assessed by vaginal sonography. Of 109 patients who had a CLI in the monitoring cycle, 55 had a CLI again, and 38 women agreed to undergo assessment of pulsatile hormone secretion. These women again had P < 25 nmol/L at days 6 and 7 of the luteal phase and blood samples were withdrawn through antecubital vein catheters from 0900-1700 h at 10-min intervals on days 7, 8, or 9 following ovulation. From 38 patients with such defined CLI, 16 (42%) had no LH episode and significantly lower basal LH levels in comparison with 14 control subjects. Thirteen (34%) of the patients had normal appearing LH episodes despite too low P and E2 concentrations, but their CL did not react to the LH episodes. The remaining 9 patients (24%) had normal LH episodes; their CL reacted to these episodes, but their basal P levels were too low. In all blood samples LH was not only determined using an immunoassay but also by the mouse Leydig cell testosterone production bioassay. It could be established that no CLI exists, which is due to the release of bioinactive LH. It is anticipated that the differentiation of three different types of CLI, one of hypothalamic and two of ovarian origin, may allow the development of differential diagnostic and therapeutic tools in the future.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"81","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"565","pageEnd":"570","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem.81.2.8636268","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40951816"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jcem.81.2.8636268"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8636268"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40951816"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/characterization-of-idiopathic-premature-ovarian-failure-6gaplegs/","name":"Characterization of idiopathic premature ovarian failure","headline":"Characterization of idiopathic premature ovarian failure","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/characterization-of-idiopathic-premature-ovarian-failure-6gaplegs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Conway GS","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3346-5029"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kaltsas G","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5876-7883"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patel A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7957-5883"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Melanie Davies","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7807-7911","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University College Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wrevg56"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacobs HS","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8706-4765"}],"datePublished":"1996-02-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To characterize women with idiopathic premature ovarian failure (POF) by their ovarian ultrasonographic appearances to establish the prevalence of follicular activity and relationship to autoimmunity, estrogen status, and historical background.\n\nDESIGN: Retrospective analysis of clinical, endocrine, autoimmune, ultrasonographic, and bone densitometry parameters.\n\nSETTING: Reproductive Endrocrinology Clinics of The Middlesex Hospital, London, United Kingdom.\n\nPATIENTS: Data from 135 women with idiopathic POF were analyzed. A reference group of 18 women with normal ovarian function, studied in their follicular phase, was used for comparison of endocrine and ultrasound data. A reference group of 57 women with normal ovarian function was used for comparison of bone densitometry measurements.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Serum E2 concentrations, autoantibody screen, ultrasonographic measures of ovarian volume, uterine cross-sectional area and endometrial thickness and dual roentgenogram bone mineral densitometry of the lumbar spine.\n\nRESULTS: The detection of ovaries by ultrasound (in 76%) and follicular activity (in 60% of patients) was associated with higher bone mineral density compared with women in whom ovaries could not be identified. Of 13 patients presenting with primary amenorrhea, ultrasonography identified ovaries in 62% and follicles in 38% whereas 38% had positive autoimmunity. Evidence of autoimmunity was found in 31% of patients overall and these were indistinguishable from the nonautoimmune remainder in every respect.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Ovarian follicular activity, previously considered to be rare, as in the \"resistant ovary syndrome,\" is found in the majority of women with POF using pelvic ultrasonography. Patients presenting with primary amenorrhea have a similar degree of ovarian function, determined by ultrasound, and autoimmunity as those presenting with secondary amenorrhea. The role of autoimmunity in the pathogenesis of POF is not distinguished from nonautoimmune ovarian damage by the measurements made in this study.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"65","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"337","pageEnd":"41","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)58095-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70911720"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)58095-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8566258"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70911720"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/maternal-blood-c-reactive-protein-white-blood-cell-count-and-temperature-in-pret-recbjs7qdminku0an/","name":"Maternal blood C-reactive protein, white blood cell count, and temperature in preterm labor: a comparison with amniotic fluid white blood cell count","headline":"Maternal blood C-reactive protein, white blood cell count, and temperature in preterm labor: a comparison with amniotic fluid white blood cell count","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/maternal-blood-c-reactive-protein-white-blood-cell-count-and-temperature-in-pret-recbjs7qdminku0an/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Byungun Yoon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1110-4011","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Seoul National University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ji Eun Jun","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7204-4913","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K PARK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roberto Romero","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4448-5121","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C J Kim","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4600-9962","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California Los Angeles"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sijun Yang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1229-6115","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}}],"datePublished":"1996-02-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To compare the diagnostic and prognostic performance of maternal blood C-reactive protein, white blood cell count (WBC), and temperature with that of amniotic fluid (AF) WBC in preterm labor.\n\nMETHODS: One hundred two women with preterm labor and intact membranes were studied. Maternal blood was collected to measure C-reactive protein concentration and WBC, and maternal temperature was also measured. Amniotic fluid obtained by amniocentesis was cultured and WBC determined. Receiver operating characteristic curve, logistic regression, and survival techniques were used for analysis.\n\nRESULTS: Patients with acute histologic chorioamnionitis had significantly higher median C-reactive protein concentration, WBC, temperature, and AF WBC than patients without this lesion (P < .05). Receiver operating characteristic curve and survival analysis demonstrated that an elevated C-reactive protein, WBC, or AF WBC was strongly associated with the likelihood of histologic chorioamnionitis, shorter interval to delivery, clinical chorioamnionitis, and neonatal morbidity (P < .05 for each). Of all the tests, AF WBC was the best independent predictor of a positive AF culture (odds ratio [OR] 16.8), interval to delivery (hazard ratio 5.7), clinical chorioamnionitis (OR 15.2), neonatal sepsis (OR 16.8), and significant neonatal complications (OR 7.4), after other confounding variables were adjusted (P < .05 for each).\n\nCONCLUSION: An elevated C-reactive protein, WBC, or AF WBC identified patients with intrauterine infection and adverse perinatal outcomes. Amniotic fluid WBC was a better independent predictor of these outcomes than C-reactive protein, WBC, or temperature.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"87","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"231","pageEnd":"237","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0029-7844(95)00380-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46361397"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0029-7844(95)00380-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8559530"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46361397"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/field-trial-of-billings-ovulation-method-of-natural-family-planning-recoictkhw4jpdyqi/","name":"Field trial of billings ovulation method of natural family planning","headline":"Field trial of billings ovulation method of natural family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/field-trial-of-billings-ovulation-method-of-natural-family-planning-recoictkhw4jpdyqi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"INDIANCOUNCILOFMEDICALRESEARCH","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Indian Council of Medical Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0492wrx28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Bhargava","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Reproductive Health and Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Ansari Nagar, New Delhi."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J C Bhatia"},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Ramachandran"},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Rohatgi"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Sinha","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4368-4177"}],"datePublished":"1996-02-01","abstract":"There are couples with unmet family planning needs and couples who do not use any modern method, yet they desire to space or avoid pregnancies. Many of them look for safe and effective options like the natural family planning methods. The Billings Ovulation Method based on single index cervical mucus parameter is one such option. The present multicentre trial conducted in India has shown an encouraging use-effectiveness of the method, indicating method failure as low as 1.5 +/- 0.3 and use-failure 15.9 +/- 0.8 per 100 users at 21 months. The method continuation rates have also been as high as 88.3/100 users at 6 months and 52.0/100 users at 21 months.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"53","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"69","pageEnd":"74","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-7824(95)00269-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34063360"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0010-7824(95)00269-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8838482"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34063360"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/follistatins-neutralize-activin-bioactivity-by-inhibition-of-activin-binding-to--recyw7mdkmhqx443a/","name":"Follistatins neutralize activin bioactivity by inhibition of activin binding to its type II receptors","headline":"Follistatins neutralize activin bioactivity by inhibition of activin binding to its type II receptors","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/follistatins-neutralize-activin-bioactivity-by-inhibition-of-activin-binding-to--recyw7mdkmhqx443a/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"P ten Dijke","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7234-342X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"KU Leuven","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05f950310"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"ten Dijke P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C J de Vries","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1926-4572","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hubrecht Institute for Developmental Biology and Stem Cell Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/023qc4a07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Huylebroeck","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4862-1079","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"KU Leuven","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05f950310"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"van den Eijnden-van Raaij AJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A.J.M. van den Eijnden-van Raaij","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hubrecht Institute for Developmental Biology and Stem Cell Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/023qc4a07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P de Waele","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fujirebio (Belgium)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/003dqcp70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P de Winter","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9189-2360","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hubrecht Institute for Developmental Biology and Stem Cell Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/023qc4a07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Sugino","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Amano Enzyme (Japan)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01qqp2h35"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T A van Achterberg","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hubrecht Institute for Developmental Biology and Stem Cell Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/023qc4a07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Verschueren","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"KU Leuven","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05f950310"}}],"datePublished":"1996-01-15","abstract":"Follistatin is an activin-binding protein, which inhibits activin bioactivity in several biological systems. In the present study it is demonstrated that preincubation of iodinated activin A with follistatin, purified from porcine follicular fluid, completely abolished the binding of activin to activin type IIA, IIB2 and IIB4 receptors, and consequently to activin type IB receptor, transiently transfected in COS cells. Binding of activin A to membrane proteins on the activin-responsive P19 embryonal carcinoma cells was also prevented by this follistatin preparation. The same results were obtained with a carboxy-terminally truncated form of follistatin (FS-288), which is only present in minor amounts in the purified follistatin preparation. Since FS-288 has a high affinity for heparan sulfate proteoglycans on the cell surface, we tested whether membrane-bound FS-288 presents activin A to the different activin receptors, thereby facilitating activin binding. FS-288 did bind to the cell surface of transfected COS cells, but inhibited the binding of activin A to its receptors IIA, IIB2 and IIB4. Furthermore, after addition of FS-288 to K562 erythroleukemia cells, the total binding of activin via cell surface-bound FS-288 was increased, whereas the binding of activin A to activin type II and type I receptors present on these cells was inhibited. These findings reveal that different forms of follistatin can neutralize activin bioactivity by interference with binding of activin to all known activin type II receptors, rather than that they inhibit the binding of the type I receptor to the activin/activin type II receptor complex. In addition, our studies indicate that cell surface-associated follistatin cannot present ligand to signalling receptors.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"116","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"105","pageEnd":"114","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0303-7207(95)03705-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41238711"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0303-7207(95)03705-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8822271"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41238711"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/third-generation-oral-contraceptives-and-risk-of-venous-thromboembolic-disorders-rechxzvtzywyxby3a/","name":"Third generation oral contraceptives and risk of venous thromboembolic disorders:  an international case-control study. Transnational Research Group on Oral  Contraceptives and the Health of Young Women","headline":"Third generation oral contraceptives and risk of venous thromboembolic disorders:  an international case-control study. Transnational Research Group on Oral  Contraceptives and the Health of Young Women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/third-generation-oral-contraceptives-and-risk-of-venous-thromboembolic-disorders-rechxzvtzywyxby3a/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael A. O. Lewis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Syneos Health (Germany)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ahg0572"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Heinemann, Lothar"},{"@type":"Person","name":"L A Heinemann"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thorogood, M."},{"@type":"Person","name":"K D MacRae","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1126-9796"},{"@type":"Person","name":"W O Spitzer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Thorogood","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00a0jsq62"}}],"datePublished":"1996-01-13","abstract":"Objective: To test whether use of combined oral contraceptives containing third generation progestogens is associated with altered risk of venous thromboembolism.\nDesign: Matched case-control study.\nSetting: 10 centres in Germany and United Kingdom.\n\nSubjects: Cases were 471 women aged 16-44 who had a venous thromboembolism. Controls were 1772 women (at least 3 controls per case) unaffected by venous thromboembolism who were matched with corresponding case for age and for hospital or community setting.\n\nMain Outcome Measures: Odds ratios derived with stratified analyses and unconditional logistic regression to adjust for potential confounding variables.\n\nResults: Odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for venous thromboembolism were: for any oral contraceptives versus no use, 4.0 (3.1 to 5.3); for second generation products (low dose ethinyl-oestradiol, no gestodene or desogestrel) versus no use, 3.2 (2.3 to 4.3); for third generation products (low dose ethinyloestradiol, gestodene or desogestrel) versus no use, 4.8 (3.4 to 6.7); for third generation products versus second generation products, 1.5 (1.1 to 2.1); for products containing gestodene versus second generation products, 1.5 (1.0 to 2.2); and for products containing desogestrel versus second generation products, 1.5 (1.1 to 2.2). Probability of death due to venous thromboembolism for women using third generation products is about 20 per million users per year, for women using second generation products it is about 14 per million users per year, and for non-users it is five per million per year.\n\nConclusions: Risk of venous thromboembolism was slightly increased in users of third generation oral contraceptives compared with users of second generation products.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"312","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7023","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.)"}}},"pageStart":"83","pageEnd":"88","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.312.7023.83","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28378766"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj.312.7023.83"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8555935"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28378766"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-and-spontaneous-abortion-in-infertility-and-reproductive-medicine--recspnyjvlrnllwsg/","name":"Endometriosis and Spontaneous Abortion in Infertility and Reproductive Medicine Clinics of North America","headline":"Endometriosis and Spontaneous Abortion in Infertility and Reproductive Medicine Clinics of North America","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-and-spontaneous-abortion-in-infertility-and-reproductive-medicine--recspnyjvlrnllwsg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S Daya","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}}],"datePublished":"1996-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Infertility and Reproductive Medicine Clinics of North America"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/infertility-in-novaks-gynecology-12th-edition-reclrayriqw1lrhpl/","name":"Infertility in Novak's Gynecology, 12th Edition","headline":"Infertility in Novak's Gynecology, 12th Edition","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/infertility-in-novaks-gynecology-12th-edition-reclrayriqw1lrhpl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hornstin MD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Schust D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D J Schust","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4561-7808","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}}],"datePublished":"1996-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/indications-for-and-technique-of-myomectomy-in-infertile-reproductive-medicine-c-reca4x3ltdkipycto/","name":"Indications for and Technique of Myomectomy in Infertile Reproductive Medicine Clinical North America","headline":"Indications for and Technique of Myomectomy in Infertile Reproductive Medicine Clinical North America","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/indications-for-and-technique-of-myomectomy-in-infertile-reproductive-medicine-c-reca4x3ltdkipycto/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Peacock LM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J A Rock","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9970-8417","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}}],"datePublished":"1996-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Medical Clinics of North America**"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-the-immunoendocrine-factor-recyqmulsq6gj3wiy/","name":"Endometriosis: The Immunoendocrine Factor","headline":"Endometriosis: The Immunoendocrine Factor","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-the-immunoendocrine-factor-recyqmulsq6gj3wiy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Johnson KM"}],"datePublished":"1996-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Female Patient"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polycystic-ovary-syndrome-pathophysiology-and-outcome-with-in-vitro-fertilizatio-recuth86c8xqxkttj/","name":"Polycystic ovary syndrome: pathophysiology and outcome with in vitro fertilization","headline":"Polycystic ovary syndrome: pathophysiology and outcome with in vitro fertilization","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polycystic-ovary-syndrome-pathophysiology-and-outcome-with-in-vitro-fertilizatio-recuth86c8xqxkttj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R P Buyalos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9148-0692","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Los Angeles","sameAs":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Edward E. Wallach"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C T Lee","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Los Angeles","sameAs":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60"}}],"datePublished":"1996-01-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of IVP-ET in infertile women with the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and to provide a comprehensive review of contemporary therapeutic options and their complications as reflected in the current literature.\n\nDESIGN: Pertinent studies in medical literature identified through computerized bibliographic search and via manual review of relevant scientific publications.\n\nRESULTS: In vitro fertilization and ET is an effective therapy for PCOS patients who are refractory to ovulation induction in vivo or who have coexisting infertility factors. The use of GnRH agonist (GnRH-a) is associated with significant reductions in the incidence of pregnancy loss and may improve fertilization and cleavage rates. In the PCOS patient, the use of purified FSH preparations does not appear to improve pregnancy rates nor other clinical parameters when compared with hMG. Severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is an important consideration when PCOS patients undergo superovulation protocols. Strategies for OHSS prevention include the use of intravenous albumin immediately after oocyte retrieval, triggering of ovulation with a GnRH-a, or withholding menotropin therapy for several days before hCG administration. Cryopreservation of all embryos for future transfer in an artificial cycle has also proven to be an effective alternative in PCOS patients at high risk for severe OHSS.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Pregnancy rates for PCOS patients undergoing IVF-ET are comparable with those for women with tubal factor infertility. Therefore, IVF-ET should be offered to patients with PCOS who are refractory to conventional infertility modalities.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"65","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1","pageEnd":"10","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)58017-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40942933"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)58017-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8557121"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40942933"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/correlation-between-cytokine-levels-of-amniotic-fluid-and-histological-chorioamn-reckynykurfba5org/","name":"Correlation between cytokine levels of amniotic fluid and histological chorioamnionitis in preterm delivery","headline":"Correlation between cytokine levels of amniotic fluid and histological chorioamnionitis in preterm delivery","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/correlation-between-cytokine-levels-of-amniotic-fluid-and-histological-chorioamn-reckynykurfba5org/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S Fujimoto"},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Kishida"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Makinoda","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kanazawa Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0535cbe18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Mikuni"},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Negishi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hokkaido University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02e16g702"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Okuyama"},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Sagawa"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hisao Yamada","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0403-2061","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kansai Medical University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/001xjdh50"}}],"datePublished":"1996-01-01","abstract":"The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between the cytokine levels in the amniotic fluid (AF) and the histological stage of chorioamnionitis (CAM) in premature labor. AF of 6 cases (7 samples of AF were obtained as one was a twin pregnancy) in whom CAM was diagnosed histologically, and 12 cases without CAM were included in this study. Amniotic fluid was obtained within 24 hours prior to delivery. Cytokine levels (IL-2, -4, -6, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma) in AF were measured by an ELISA method. Levels of IL-2 and -6 in the CAM-positive group (mean +/-S.E., 52.9 +/- 83.9 pg/ml, and 20,537.9 +/- 8853.7 pg/ml, respectively) were higher than those in the CAM-negative group (i.e. undetectable, and 65.6 +/- 27.5, respectively) with a statistical significance of p < 0.05, p < 0.001, respectively. There was a positive linear relationship between IL-6 levels of AF and the placental histological inflammatory stages of Blanc in the CAM-positive group. From these results it would appear that the IL-6 level in AF is the most sensitive test in the detection of extraamniotic infection or intraamniotic infection in preterm labor with intact membranes and also indicates the severity infection.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Perinatal Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"633","pageEnd":"639","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1515/jpme.1996.24.6.633","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40673632"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1515/jpme.1996.24.6.633"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9120746"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40673632"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/low-and-conventional-dose-transdermal-oestradiol-are-equally-effective-at-preven-reckquxymkxtsf7f7/","name":"Low and conventional dose transdermal oestradiol are equally effective at preventing bone loss in spine and femur at all post-menopausal ages","headline":"Low and conventional dose transdermal oestradiol are equally effective at preventing bone loss in spine and femur at all post-menopausal ages","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/low-and-conventional-dose-transdermal-oestradiol-are-equally-effective-at-preven-reckquxymkxtsf7f7/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sharon Evans","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/030mbcp39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M. W. J. Davie"}],"datePublished":"1996-01-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: We wished to appraise the effectiveness of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in early (< 67 years) and late (> 67 years) post-menopausal women referred to a metabolic outpatient clinic for assessment of their bone status. Because older women often experience side-effects with conventional HRT, a low dose preparation (Estraderm 25) was also compared with conventional HRT (Estraderm 50).\n\nDESIGN AND SETTING: Since all patients were symptomatic, the investigation was open and not placebo controlled. Patients were offered HRT and told about the two dosages. If they wished to use HRT, allocation of dosage was made randomly unless there were reasons to use a specific dose.\n\nPATIENTS: One hundred and ninety-six women were studied over 1 or 2 years with 80 reaching 3 years of treatment. Patients were divided into those under 67 years and those over 67 years at the start of treatment. Each group was further divided into those taking Estraderm 25 and those taking Estraderm 50 with norethisterone if appropriate.\n\nMEASUREMENTS: Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured (DXA, Hologic) at the lumbar spine and femoral neck at 0 year (196 patients), at 1 year (169 patients), at 2 years (139 patients) and at 3 years (80 patients). Patients losing bone were expressed as those whose 3 year BMD was lower than initial or as those whose BMD at 3 years had fallen by more than twice the coefficient of variation for that site (non-responders).\n\nRESULTS: In lumbar spine, BMD increased maximally in the first year in all groups and the gain was maintained after 3 years. The change was similar whether patients were divided by age or dosage. For those on Estraderm 25, mean change after 3 years was 8.1 +/- 6.8% and on Estraderm 50, 9.0 +/- 8.3% (combined 8.7 +/- 7.8%). Only 3.9% of patients were non-responders at the lumbar spine after 3 years. At femoral neck, changes were significant at 3 years only in the Estraderm 25 > 67 years and Estraderm 50 < 67 years groups and averaged 2.3 +/- 5.4% for all patients. At the femoral neck, 10.4% of patients were non-responders after 3 years. Percentage change of BMD over 3 years at lumbar spine correlated with that at the femoral neck (r = 0.56). Percentage change of BMD at lumbar spine over 3 years correlated with menopausal age (r = 0.295). No relation was found between dosage of Estraderm/kg body weight and response of BMD at either site.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Transdermal oestrogen is effective at preventing bone loss in the spine at all post-menopausal ages and is capable of doing this in low dosage. Prevention of bone loss at the femoral neck is less certain and the average change in BMD over 3 years was significantly lower (P < 0.001) than in the lumbar spine. Use of Estraderm 50 is not associated with a greater response of bone mass and there was no evidence of an increasing BMD response as oestradiol dosage/kg body weight increased.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"44","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"79","pageEnd":"84","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2265.1996.637459.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q53995283"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1046/j.1365-2265.1996.637459.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8706298"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q53995283"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-1995-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-1995-x4ccnzut/","name":"DIR Jahrbuch 1995 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 1995)","headline":"DIR Jahrbuch 1995 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 1995)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-1995-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-1995-x4ccnzut/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register e.V."}],"datePublished":"1996-01-01","abstract":"Annual report (Jahrbuch) of the Deutsches IVF-Register (DIR) for treatment year 1995. DIR is the German national IVF/ICSI registry, founded 1982 — the oldest continuously operating ART registry. Voluntary professional-society database with high de-facto coverage of German fertility centres. Reports cycles, transfers, pregnancies and clinical outcomes by treatment type (IVF, ICSI, frozen embryo transfer, donor). German-language registry document. Used as a Phase B historical-archive source for the ART Registry Comparison study (cross-registry classification by reporting completeness on 7 framework dimensions).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register Jahrbuch"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/exercise-associated-menstrual-disturbances-zkn3bzbz/","name":"Exercise-associated menstrual disturbances","headline":"Exercise-associated menstrual disturbances","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/exercise-associated-menstrual-disturbances-zkn3bzbz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"1996-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproductive Endocrinology, Surgery and Technology"},"pageStart":"1077","pageEnd":"1091","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/epithelial-ovarian-cancer-epidemiology-screening-and-prevention-in-menopausal-me-recyczwch8ftegol8/","name":"Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: Epidemiology, Screening, and Prevention in Menopausal Medicine (1996)","headline":"Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: Epidemiology, Screening, and Prevention in Menopausal Medicine (1996)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/epithelial-ovarian-cancer-epidemiology-screening-and-prevention-in-menopausal-me-recyczwch8ftegol8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bass KM"}],"datePublished":"1996-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-different-progestagens-in-low-oestrogen-oral-contraceptives-on-venous--recmocanckc8sweeo/","name":"Effect of different progestagens in low oestrogen oral contraceptives on venous  thromboembolic disease. World Health Organization Collaborative Study of  Cardiovascular Disease and Steroid Hormone Contraception","headline":"Effect of different progestagens in low oestrogen oral contraceptives on venous  thromboembolic disease. World Health Organization Collaborative Study of  Cardiovascular Disease and Steroid Hormone Contraception","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-different-progestagens-in-low-oestrogen-oral-contraceptives-on-venous--recmocanckc8sweeo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"World Health Organization Collaborative Study of Cardiovascular Disease and Steroid Hormone Contraception"},{"@type":"Person","name":"No Authors Listed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4186-1435","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad de Granada"}}],"datePublished":"1995-12-16","abstract":"A multinational hospital-based case-control study of the risk of venous thromboembolic disease associated with combined oral contraceptives (OCs) done in 1989-93 prompted a separate inquiry comparing the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) associated with low oestrogen (< 35 micrograms ethinyloestradiol) OCs containing levonorgestrel with risks in low oestrogen preparations containing the third-generation progestagens desogestrel or gestodene. This analysis of data from 9 countries, involved 769 cases and 1979 age matched hospital controls and, in one centre, 246 community controls matched on age and general practice. 137 cases and 203 controls were current users of levonorgestrel (odds ratio [OR with 95% confidence interval] 3.5 [2.6-4.7]), with non-users as the reference; 35 cases and 28 controls were current users of desogestrel (9.1 [4.9-17.0]), and 36 cases and 28 controls were current users of gestodene (9.1 [4.9-16.7]). The ratios of these risks, compared with levonorgestrel, were 2.6 (1.4-4.8) for both products separately. Risk estimates adjusted for body mass index (BMI) were 3.4, 7.3, and 10.2 for levonorgestrel, desogestrel, and gestodene, respectively, compared with non-users, and 2.2 and 3.0 for desogestrel and gestodene, respectively, compared with levonorgestrel. 48 (68%) cases and 48 (86%) controls exposed to desogestrel or gestodene were from the UK (Oxford region). In this centre risk estimates compared with non-users, adjusted for BMI, were 2.6, 5.3, and 5.7 for levonorgestrel, desogestrel, and gestodene, respectively. Current users of low oestrogen dose combined OCs containing desogestrel or gestodene appear to be at higher risk of VTE than users of combined OCs containing levonorgestrel. The possibility that these unexpected results on a secondary study objective are due to chance, bias, or residual confounding cannot be excluded entirely and the results need to be confirmed by independent studies. They are at variance with the apparently more favourable metabolic effects of the newer progestagens. Whether the new progestagens are associated with lower risk of arterial disease (stroke and myocardial infarction) must be evaluated further.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"346","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8990","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Lancet (London, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1582","pageEnd":"1588","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(95)91927-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71589322"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0140-6736(95)91927-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7500749"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71589322"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/enhancement-by-factor-v-leiden-mutation-of-risk-of-deep-vein-thrombosis-associat-recscc9zij0kcxlge/","name":"Enhancement by factor V Leiden mutation of risk of deep-vein thrombosis  associated with oral contraceptives containing a third-generation progestagen","headline":"Enhancement by factor V Leiden mutation of risk of deep-vein thrombosis  associated with oral contraceptives containing a third-generation progestagen","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/enhancement-by-factor-v-leiden-mutation-of-risk-of-deep-vein-thrombosis-associat-recscc9zij0kcxlge/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kitty W M Bloemenkamp","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1377-4625","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, Thrombosis and Hemostasis Research Centre, University Hospital Leiden, The Netherlands."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Frans M Helmerhorst","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Leiden University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xvt9f17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F R Rosendaal","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2558-7496","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Leiden University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xvt9f17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Vandenbroucke","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5668-6716","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Leiden University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xvt9f17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Harry R. Büller"}],"datePublished":"1995-12-16","abstract":"Recent concern about the safety of combined oral contraceptives (OCs) with third-generation progestagens prompted an examination of data from a population-based case-control study (Leiden Thrombophilia Study). We compared the risk of deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) during use of the newest OCs, containing a third-generation progestagen, with the risk of \"older\" products. We also investigated the influence of family history of thrombosis, previous pregnancy, age, and the thrombogenic factor V Leiden mutation. We selected 126 women with DVT and 159 controls aged 15-49 (mean age 34.9) and premenopausal and found, as compared with non-users, the highest age-adjusted relative risks to be that for an OC containing desogestrel and 30 micrograms ethinyloestradiol (relative risk [RR] 8.7, 95% CI 3.9-19.3). We found lower relative risks for all other types of OC, ranging from 2.2 to 3.8. In a direct comparison, users of the desogestrel-containing oral contraceptive had a 2.5-fold higher risk (95% CI 1.2-5.2) than users of all other OC types combined. The relative risk for the desogestrel-containing OC was similar among women with and without a family history--ie, preferential prescription because of family history cannot explain our findings. Nor could the excess risk be explained by previous pregnancy, and it was highest in the youngest age categories, where we would expect most new users. The age-adjusted RR for the desogestrel-containing contraceptive was 9.2 (3.9-21.4) among non-carriers of the factor V Leiden mutation and 6.0 (1.9-19.0) among carriers of the mutation. This latter risk is superimposed on the 8-fold increased risk of venous thrombosis for carriers of the factor V Leiden mutation. The risk of carriers using the desogestrel-containing OC as compared with noncarrier non-users will therefore be increased almost 50-fold. Use of low-dose OCs with a third-generation progestagen carries a higher risk of DVT than the previous generation of OCs. The absolute risk of DVT associated with these OCs seems to be especially high among carriers of the factor V Leiden mutation and among women with a family history of thrombosis. However, the higher risk associated with OC with a third-generation progestagen compared with previous generations was also present in women without factor V Leiden and with no family history.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"346","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8990","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Lancet (London, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1593","pageEnd":"1596","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(95)91929-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42274855"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0140-6736(95)91929-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7500751"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q42274855"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/venous-thromboembolic-disease-and-combined-oral-contraceptives-results-of-intern-recncbrkga6uutypy/","name":"Venous thromboembolic disease and combined oral contraceptives: results of  international multicentre case-control study. World Health Organization  Collaborative Study of Cardiovascular Disease and Steroid Hormone Contraception","headline":"Venous thromboembolic disease and combined oral contraceptives: results of  international multicentre case-control study. World Health Organization  Collaborative Study of Cardiovascular Disease and Steroid Hormone Contraception","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/venous-thromboembolic-disease-and-combined-oral-contraceptives-results-of-intern-recncbrkga6uutypy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Organization","name":"No Authors Listed"}],"datePublished":"1995-12-16","abstract":"The composition and use of oral contraceptives (OCs) have changed since their cardiovascular side-effects were established 20 years ago. This report describes the risk of idiopathic venous thromboembolic (VTE) events (deep vein thrombosis [DVT] and/or pulmonary embolism [PE]) in association with current use of combined OCs among 1143 cases aged 20-44 and 2998 age-matched controls, as evaluated in a hospital-based, case-control study in 21 centres in Africa, Asia, Europe, and Latin America. OC use was associated with an increased risk of VTE in Europe (odds ratio 4.15 [95% CI 3.09-5.57]) and in non-European (\"developing\") countries (3.25 [2.59-4.08]). Risk estimates were generally higher for DVT than for PE but no consistent trend by certainty of diagnosis (definite, probable, possible) was found. Increased risk was apparent within 4 months of starting OCs, was unaffected by duration of current episode of OC use, and had disappeared within 3 months of stopping OCs. Relative risk estimates of VTE associated with OC use were unaffected by age of user, by history of hypertension (excluding hypertension in pregnancy), or in any consistent way by smoking. However, in both groups of countries increased body mass index (BMI) was an independent risk factor for VTE, and OC-associated odds ratios were higher among those with a BMI above 25 kg/m2 than among those with smaller BMIs. OC-associated risk estimates were high among women in Europe with a history of hypertension in pregnancy. Odds ratios associated with the use of OCs containing a third-generation progestagen were higher than those observed with progestagens of the first (norethindrone type) and second (norgestrel group) generation. Odds ratios associated with first and second generation progestagens tended to be lower, though not significantly, when used in combination with low (< 50 micrograms oestrogen) rather than higher oestrogen doses. This study confirms an association between OC use and VTE in Europe and the developing countries, although overall risk estimates associated with use were lower than demonstrated in most previous studies of non-fatal idiopathic VTE.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"346","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8990","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Lancet (London, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1575","pageEnd":"1582","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(95)91926-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71589317"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0140-6736(95)91926-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7500748"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71589317"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-of-idiopathic-cardiovascular-death-and-nonfatal-venous-thromboembolism-in-w-rec0tkjfjlmo77oms/","name":"Risk of idiopathic cardiovascular death and nonfatal venous thromboembolism in  women using oral contraceptives with differing progestagen components","headline":"Risk of idiopathic cardiovascular death and nonfatal venous thromboembolism in  women using oral contraceptives with differing progestagen components","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-of-idiopathic-cardiovascular-death-and-nonfatal-venous-thromboembolism-in-w-rec0tkjfjlmo77oms/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hershel Jick","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4270-5992","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0228drn10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan S Jick","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2215-1067","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0228drn10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"V Gurewich","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2648-2349"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M W Myers","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4071-2278"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Vasilakis"}],"datePublished":"1995-12-16","abstract":"Concern about the risks of cardiovascular illness in women using combined oral contraceptives (OC) containing the progestagens desogestrel and gestodene prompted two studies of data from the UK General Practice Research Database. We compared the risks of certain cardiovascular illnesses in otherwise healthy women exposed to one of three OCs containing < 35 micrograms oestrogen plus levonorgestrel, desogestrel, or gestodene. In the first study, based on some 470 general practices, there were 15 cases of unexpected idiopathic cardiovascular death among 303,470 women who were current users of one of the study OCs. The estimated incidence rates were 8/184,536 (4.3 per 100,000) woman-years at risk for users of combined OCs containing levonorgestrel, 2/135,567 (1.5 per 100,000) for desogestrel users, and 5/105,201 (4.8 per 100,000) for gestodene users. The relative risk (RR) estimates were 0.4 (95% CI 0.1-2.1) and 1.4 (CI 0.5-4.5) for desogestrel and gestodene, respectively, compared with levonorgestrel. In the second study, derived from some 370 general practices, there were 80 cases of nonfatal venous thromboembolism (VTE) in a cohort of 238,130 otherwise healthy women. The incidence rates of VTE per 100,000 woman-years at risk were 16.1 for levonorgestrel users, 29.3 for desogestrel, and 28.1 for gestodene. The adjusted RR estimates from the cohort analysis were 1.9 (1.1-3.2) and 1.8 (1.0-3.2) for desogestrel and gestodene users, respectively, compared with users of levonorgestrel. In a nested case-control analysis the adjusted matched RR estimates were 2.2 (1.1-4.4) and 2.1 (1.0-4.4) for desogestrel and gestodene users, respectively, compared with users of levonorgestrel. The excess risk for nonfatal VTE associated with the new generation of combined OCs containing low-dose oestrogen and the progestagens desogestrel or gestodene compared with levonorgestrel is estimated to be 16 per 100,000 woman-years.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"346","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8990","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Lancet (London, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1589","pageEnd":"1593","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(95)91928-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38508071"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0140-6736(95)91928-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7500750"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38508071"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prophylactic-estrogen-in-recurrent-postpartum-affective-disorder-reczwfckfxbv0o2gw/","name":"Prophylactic estrogen in recurrent postpartum affective disorder","headline":"Prophylactic estrogen in recurrent postpartum affective disorder","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prophylactic-estrogen-in-recurrent-postpartum-affective-disorder-reczwfckfxbv0o2gw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"D Sichel","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L S Cohen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0489-1093","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Loralee Robertson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7698-2018"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J F Rosenbaum","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Ruttenberg","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}}],"datePublished":"1995-12-15","abstract":"Seven women with histories of puerperal psychosis and four with histories of puerperal major depression were consecutively treated with high-dose oral estrogen immediately following delivery. None of the women had histories of nonpuerperal affective disorder, and all women were affectively well throughout the current pregnancy and at delivery. Despite the high risk for recurrent illness in this population, only one woman developed relapse of postpartum affective disorder. All others remained entirely well and required no treatment with psychotropic medications during the 1 year follow-up period. This low rate of relapse, 9% compared to an expected 35-60% without prophylaxis, suggests that oral estrogen may stem the rapid rate of change in estrogen following delivery, thereby preventing the potential impact on dopaminergic and serotonergic neuroreceptors. It is hypothesized that the rapid rate of change of estrogen after delivery creates an \"estrogen withdrawal state.\" This may be a critical factor in driving acute puerperal affective psychosis and early-onset puerperal major depression.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"38","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Biological Psychiatry"}}},"pageStart":"814","pageEnd":"818","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-3223(95)00063-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71374909"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0006-3223(95)00063-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8750040"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71374909"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/timing-of-sexual-intercourse-in-relation-to-ovulation-effects-on-the-probability-recl5w91id8jzz9n1/","name":"Timing of sexual intercourse in relation to ovulation. Effects on the probability of conception, survival of the pregnancy, and sex of the baby","headline":"Timing of sexual intercourse in relation to ovulation. Effects on the probability of conception, survival of the pregnancy, and sex of the baby","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/timing-of-sexual-intercourse-in-relation-to-ovulation-effects-on-the-probability-recl5w91id8jzz9n1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A J Wilcox","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3376-1311","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, PO Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C R Weinberg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7713-8556","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D D Baird","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5544-2653","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, PO Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}}],"datePublished":"1995-12-07","abstract":"BACKGROUND: The timing of sexual intercourse in relation to ovulation strongly influences the chance of conception, although the actual number of fertile days in a woman's menstrual cycle is uncertain. The timing of intercourse may also be associated with the sex of the baby.\n\nMETHODS: We recruited 221 healthy women who were planning to become pregnant. At the same time the women stopped using birth-control methods, they began collecting daily urine specimens and keeping daily records of whether they had sexual intercourse. We measured estrogen and progesterone metabolites in urine to estimate the day of ovulation.\n\nRESULTS: In a total of 625 menstrual cycles for which the dates of ovulation could be estimated, 192 pregnancies were initiated, as indicated by increases in the urinary concentration of human chorionic gonadotropin around the expected time of implantation. Two thirds (n = 129) ended in live births. Conception occurred only when intercourse took place during a six-day period that ended on the estimated day of ovulation. The probability of conception ranged from 0.10 when intercourse occurred five days before ovulation to 0.33 when it occurred on the day of ovulation itself. There was no evident relation between the age of sperm and the viability of the conceptus, although only 6 percent of the pregnancies could be firmly attributed to sperm that were three or more days old. Cycles producing male and female babies had similar patterns of intercourse in relation to ovulation.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Among healthy women trying to conceive, nearly all pregnancies can be attributed to intercourse during a six-day period ending on the day of ovulation. For practical purposes, the timing of sexual intercourse in relation to ovulation has no influence on the sex of the baby.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"333","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"23","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"1517","pageEnd":"1521","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199512073332301","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28283876"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJM199512073332301"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7477165"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28283876"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preterm-labor-emerging-role-of-genital-tract-infections-recwzsowrqodleooc/","name":"Preterm labor: emerging role of genital tract infections","headline":"Preterm labor: emerging role of genital tract infections","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preterm-labor-emerging-role-of-genital-tract-infections-recwzsowrqodleooc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrews WW"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R L Goldenberg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1283-8340","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008s83205"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John C Hauth","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008s83205"}}],"datePublished":"1995-12-01","abstract":"Preterm birth complicates 8-10% of all pregnancies in the United States and is the leading cause of infant morbidity and mortality. Neonatal morbidity and mortality is concentrated among very low-birthweight and extremely premature infants, particularly those delivered prior to 30 weeks' gestational age. In addition to the contribution of preterm birth to neonatal morbidity and mortality, the economic costs associated with this pregnancy complication are staggering. Efforts to reduce the preterm birth rate have been largely focused on prevention and early intervention with treatment for preterm labor. Mixed results regarding the success of prematurity prevention programs have been reported, and controversy continues to surround the efficacy of tocolytic therapy in the treatment of preterm labor. Although neonatal survival for infants born at early gestational ages has steadily improved in recent years, survival of infants delivered prior to 24 weeks' gestation remains very poor. Additionally, despite this decline in neonatal mortality, the United States still lags behind most industrialized nations in infant mortality, and no change in the rate of low birthweight has occurred in recent decades. Multiple lines of evidence support a role for infection as an etiologic factor in preterm labor. Although this association has been well known for many years, a wealth of new data is emerging, linking subclinical genital tract infection with spontaneous preterm birth, particularly among pregnancies that result in birth prior to 30 weeks' gestational age as a result of spontaneous preterm labor or preterm, premature rupture of membranes. Conversely, preterm birth that occurs closer to term is less likely to be associated with genital tract infection. Improved understanding of the link between genital tract infection and preterm birth now provides an exciting potential for the development of sensitive new markers to identify women at risk and effective interventions to prevent preterm birth. A review and comment on this growing literature is provided.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Infectious Agents and Disease"}}},"pageStart":"196","pageEnd":"211","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evidence-of-a-distinct-derangement-of-opioid-tone-in-hyperinsulinemic-patients-w-rec1kih9f1t0vjo5o/","name":"Evidence of a distinct derangement of opioid tone in hyperinsulinemic patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome: relationship with insulin and luteinizing hormone secretion","headline":"Evidence of a distinct derangement of opioid tone in hyperinsulinemic patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome: relationship with insulin and luteinizing hormone secretion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evidence-of-a-distinct-derangement-of-opioid-tone-in-hyperinsulinemic-patients-w-rec1kih9f1t0vjo5o/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonio Lanzone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4119-414X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oasi Maria SS","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dqmaq38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Maria Fulghesu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8116-3968","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Caruso","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4922-2256","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Mancuso","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1752-3986","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mario Ciampelli","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Cucinelli","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}}],"datePublished":"1995-12-01","abstract":"Recent data indicate that an altered opioid tone could be involved in the LH hypersecretion and metabolic alterations seen in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of a common mechanism of action of opioids on altered insulin and gonadotropin release in patients suffering from PCOS. Twenty-eight women affected by PCOS and 8 normal ovulatory women were studied; an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and GnRH tests were performed during the follicular phase before and after 6 weeks of naltrexone treatment (50 mg/day, orally). Plasma levels of sex hormone-binding globulin and steroids were assayed in the basal samples, whereas FSH and LH were analyzed during the GnRH stimulus. Insulin and glucose were assayed by the OGTT. Based on the insulinemic response to OGTT, 17 women were classified as hyperinsulinemic and 11 as normoinsulinemic. No difference in glucose and hormone plasma concentrations was observed before and after naltrexone treatment in both groups. Only basal sex hormone-binding globulin values were higher in normoinsulinemic compared to hyperinsulinemic subjects. Administration of the opioid antagonist significantly reduced the insulin response to OGTT only in the hyperinsulinemic group. No difference were found in the LH increment after the GnRH stimulus in both group of patients before treatment; on the contrary, naltrexone administration reduced the LH response to GnRH in hyperinsulinemic women but failed to be effective in normoinsulinemic subjects. Only 5 patients showed no concordance of drug-induced changes in insulin and LH secretion. In control subjects, naltrexone failed to have any effect on insulin or LH secretion. These data support the involvement of endogenous opioids in the regulation of insulin and LH secretion in a specific group of PCOS patients exhibiting an exaggerated insulin response to OGTT.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"80","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"3501","pageEnd":"3506","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem.80.12.8530590","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42512955"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jcem.80.12.8530590"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8530590"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q42512955"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-an-alternative-rec6vnth5avgjtgsd/","name":"Natural family planning. An alternative","headline":"Natural family planning. An alternative","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-an-alternative-rec6vnth5avgjtgsd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Fernández Martínez M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Díaz Sáez J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Soler F","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2410-3686","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centro Médico Docente La Trinidad"}}],"datePublished":"1995-12-01","abstract":"The scientific foundations and most notable features of modern natural family planning (NFP) methods are described. NFP techniques require observation of the signs and symptoms occurring during the fertile and infertile phases of the menstrual cycle. Abstinence during the fertile period is implied when NFP is used to avoid pregnancy. Modern NFP methods are associated with success rates similar to those of oral contraceptives, the IUD, and condoms. NFP methods are based on such phenomena as the limited survival time of the ovum and sperm, the occurrence of ovulation only once per cycle, the ability to diagnose ovulation using simple means, and the ability of human beings to delay sexual satisfaction. Among the advantages of NFP methods are low cost, brevity of the required training time, increased knowledge of the body and capacity for self control, shared responsibility by both partners, and moral and religious acceptability. The Billings and symptothermal methods have shown average use-effectiveness rates ranging from 71.5 to 89.5% and from 83.4 to 97.8%, respectively. All studies of symptothermal methods conducted since 1985 have shown Pearl indexes under 5. The symptothermal method is based on observation of the duration of previous cycles, cervical mucus, basal body temperature, and optionally on palpation of the cervix and other symptoms such as breast swelling, acne, intermenstrual bleeding, and mood changes. Use of the symptothermal method requires special graph paper for recording the temperature and other symptoms. The beginning of the fertile phase is recognized by subtracting 19 from the shortest cycle in the past year, or by the appearance of cervical changes or changes in the mucus.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"208","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Revista De Enfermeria (Barcelona, Spain)"}}},"pageStart":"69","pageEnd":"74","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/outcome-of-pregnancies-in-women-with-treated-or-untreated-hyperprolactinemia-rec78zzcfneelwrml/","name":"Outcome of pregnancies in women with treated or untreated hyperprolactinemia","headline":"Outcome of pregnancies in women with treated or untreated hyperprolactinemia","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/outcome-of-pregnancies-in-women-with-treated-or-untreated-hyperprolactinemia-rec78zzcfneelwrml/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna-Maija Rossi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1889-9806"},{"@type":"Person","name":"P K Heinonen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6609-6293","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tampere University"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Vilska","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tampere University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02hvt5f17"}}],"datePublished":"1995-12-01","abstract":"The outcome of 103 pregnancies in 64 women with constant hyperprolactinemia was evaluated. Seventy-eight pregnancies had been induced with bromocriptine and 25 occurred without any treatment. In all, 66% of the pregnancies ended in delivery, 17% in miscarriage, 10% in tubal pregnancy and 7% in induced abortion. The pregnancy of women with untreated hyperprolactinemia was more frequently ectopic when compared to those in women treated by bromocriptine. Obstetric complications as well as signs of tumoral enlargement during pregnancy were rare in hyperprolactinemic women treated or untreated with bromocriptine. Untreated hyperprolactinemia as a risk factor in tubal pregnancy is proposed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"63","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology"}}},"pageStart":"143","pageEnd":"146","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0301-2115(95)02257-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71749520"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0301-2115(95)02257-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8903770"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71749520"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevention-of-de-novo-adhesion-formation-after-laparoscopic-myomectomy-a-randomi-recrwdtjsdkqyybmi/","name":"Prevention of de-novo adhesion formation after laparoscopic myomectomy: a randomized trial to evaluate the effectiveness of an oxidized regenerated cellulose absorbable barrier","headline":"Prevention of de-novo adhesion formation after laparoscopic myomectomy: a randomized trial to evaluate the effectiveness of an oxidized regenerated cellulose absorbable barrier","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevention-of-de-novo-adhesion-formation-after-laparoscopic-myomectomy-a-randomi-recrwdtjsdkqyybmi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"V Mais","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3222-2508","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nuovo Ospedale San Giovanni di Dio","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01c1ce922"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Ajossa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2688-0678","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Cagliari","sameAs":"https://ror.org/003109y17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Piras","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5609-9925","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Cagliari","sameAs":"https://ror.org/003109y17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Guerriero","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1359-7155","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nuovo Ospedale San Giovanni di Dio","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01c1ce922"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G B Melis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2260-9277","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Cagliari","sameAs":"https://ror.org/003109y17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Marongiu","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Cagliari","sameAs":"https://ror.org/003109y17"}}],"datePublished":"1995-12-01","abstract":"To evaluate the effectiveness of the oxidized regenerated cellulose absorbable barrier (Interceed, TC7) in the prevention of de-novo adhesion formation after laparoscopic myomectomy, a prospective and randomized study was performed at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy. A total of 50 pre-menopausal non-pregnant women, aged 23-42 years, who submitted to laparoscopic myomectomy from January 1993 to June 1994, were randomized to surgery alone (control group, n = 25) or surgery and oxidized regenerated cellulose barrier (Interceed group, n = 25). Neither group received any other treatment for adhesion prevention. A second-look laparoscopy was performed 12-14 weeks after laparoscopic myomectomy. The incidence of adhesion-free patients was assessed at second-look laparoscopy by an investigator not informed of the treatment. The numbers of adhesion-free patients were three out of 25 (12%) in the control group and 15 out of 25 (60%) in the treatment group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the oxidized regenerated cellulose absorbable barrier significantly reduced de-novo adhesion formation after laparoscopic myomectomy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"3133","pageEnd":"3135","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a135873","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71569898"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a135873"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8822429"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71569898"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/naltrexone-treatment-restores-menstrual-cycles-in-patients-with-weight-loss-rela-recy7sgwadav3q8bl/","name":"Naltrexone treatment restores menstrual cycles in patients with weight  loss-related amenorrhea","headline":"Naltrexone treatment restores menstrual cycles in patients with weight  loss-related amenorrhea","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/naltrexone-treatment-restores-menstrual-cycles-in-patients-with-weight-loss-rela-recy7sgwadav3q8bl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Alessandro D Genazzani","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2828-5840","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Felice Petraglia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8851-625X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Siena","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01tevnk56"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ombretta Gamba","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pisa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Gastaldi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pisa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Volpogni","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pisa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10"}}],"datePublished":"1995-11-01","abstract":"Objective: To evaluate whether the efficacy of naltrexone administration in patients with hypothalamic amenorrhea correlates to the response to an acute naloxone test.\nDesign: Thirty patients with hypothalamic amenorrhea associated with weight loss were studied. After naloxone test (4 mg in bolus IV) patients were divided into two groups: group A, nonresponsive (n = 15) and group B, responsive (n = 15). Group A underwent two cycles of hormonal replacement therapy with E2 patches and medroxyprogesterone acetate. Then all patients were administered naltrexone at the dosage 50 mg/d orally for 6 months. A third group of 10 amenorrheic patients were treated with oral placebo with the same schedule.\n\nResults: Plasma gonadal steroid levels increased in all patients and in 24 of 30 patients the menstrual bleeding occurred within 90 days from the beginning of treatment. After 6 months from naltrexone discontinuation, 18 of 24 patients still showed the occurrence of menstrual cycles. Luteinizing hormone plasma levels and LH pulse amplitude increased after 3 months of treatment and remained unchanged 6 months after naltrexone suspension. Plasma FSH levels did not show any change in any patient. The body mass index increased after 3 months in all patients who menstruated. Patients treated with placebo did not show any significant change in gonadotropins and gonadal steroid plasma levels.\n\nConclusions: The present study supports the efficacy of naltrexone therapy for patients with hypothalamic amenorrhea either responsive or nonresponsive to naloxone test.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"64","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"951","pageEnd":"956","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)57908-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47344844"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)57908-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7589640"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47344844"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometrial-biopsy-findings-in-infertility-analysis-of-12949-cases-recsyr8dwhn2n09fs/","name":"Endometrial biopsy findings in infertility: analysis of 12,949 cases","headline":"Endometrial biopsy findings in infertility: analysis of 12,949 cases","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometrial-biopsy-findings-in-infertility-analysis-of-12949-cases-recsyr8dwhn2n09fs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sahmay S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Oral E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Senturk L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Atasu T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ertan Saridogan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9736-4107","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"John Radcliffe Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0080acb59"}}],"datePublished":"1995-11-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: Endometrial biopsy has been an important way of assessing infertile couples for several years. In this review of a wide-ranging series of endometrial biopsies of infertile couples in the Turkish population it was our aim to find the distribution of results according to the years 1956-1966, 1967-1980, 1981-1992.\n\nSETTING: University hospital.\n\nSUBJECTS: 12,949 endometrial biopsies, referred to our gynecological pathology laboratory for infertility investigation between 1956 and 1992.\n\nMETHOD: Patient report files from pathology laboratory data, analyzed retrospectively. The assessment of the biopsies is made by the same pathologist.\n\nRESULTS: 78.8% of cases had primary infertility, 21.2% secondary. Most of them were in the age group 26-35 years (48.8%). 37.58% of cases were found to show normal secretory endometrium, 20.95% proliferative endometrial changes, and 28.22% signs of luteal phase defect (LPD). Other local endometrial factors were also encountered, but in 1.79% the sample was considered insufficient for diagnosis. Moreover, in nine cases, malignancy was diagnosed with the help of endometrial biopsy. During the study period, cases of normal secretory endometrium and tuberculous endometritis were observed to decrease and LPD to increase significantly. It is worthy to note that in only 28 (0.21%) cases had endometrial biopsies been performed during a pregnancy cycle.\n\nCONCLUSION: We conclude that endometrial biopsy not only shows the hormonal response of endometrium but gives additional information about the local factors of endometrium concerning atrophy, specific and non-specific infections, and malignancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"40","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Fertility and Menopausal Studies"}}},"pageStart":"316","pageEnd":"321","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/implications-of-idiopathic-preterm-delivery-for-previous-and-subsequent-pregnanc-recher36qzeo1vvgq/","name":"Implications of idiopathic preterm delivery for previous and subsequent pregnancies","headline":"Implications of idiopathic preterm delivery for previous and subsequent pregnancies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/implications-of-idiopathic-preterm-delivery-for-previous-and-subsequent-pregnanc-recher36qzeo1vvgq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J. A. Kristensen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7168-9405","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rigshospitalet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mchdq19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jens Langhoff‐Roos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2838-2533","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035b05819"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J LANGHOFFROOS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"F B Kristensen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0263-0754","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035b05819"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Kristensen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2855-8746","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Langhoff-Roos"}],"datePublished":"1995-11-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To describe the relationship between pregnancy complications and fetal outcome in first and second pregnancies, focusing on idiopathic and indicated preterm birth of singleton infants in either pregnancy.\n\nMETHODS: Included in the study were 13,967 women in Denmark who gave birth to their first singleton infant in 1982 and a second infant in 1982-1987. Information on pregnancy and birth was obtained by linking the National Medical Birth Register and the National Register of Hospital Discharges, based on personal identification numbers.\n\nRESULTS: The risk of a preterm second birth in women with idiopathic and indicated preterm first birth did not differ significantly (15.2 and 12.8%, respectively). However, women with idiopathic preterm birth in the first pregnancy tended to repeat idiopathic preterm birth twice as often as women with indicated preterm birth repeated indicated preterm birth (11.3 versus 6.4%). Adjustment by logistic regression analysis for other risk factors for preterm birth did not influence the relative risk (6.0 before 32 weeks and 4.8 for 32-36 weeks) of a second preterm birth after a first preterm birth. Women with idiopathic preterm delivery in their first and second pregnancies gave birth to infants with lower birth weight than in previous or subsequent pregnancies. Emergency cesarean delivery in a first term pregnancy was a risk factor for subsequent idiopathic preterm birth.\n\nCONCLUSION: Idiopathic preterm birth is associated with emergency cesarean delivery at term in previous pregnancies and infants with lower birth weight in previous and subsequent pregnancies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"86","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"800","pageEnd":"804","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0029-7844(95)00275-V","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61638001"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0029-7844(95)00275-V"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7566852"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q61638001"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/physician-and-nurses-knowledge-and-use-of-natural-family-planning-rech9cllbvjhqfiwi/","name":"Physician and Nurses’ Knowledge and Use of Natural Family Planning","headline":"Physician and Nurses’ Knowledge and Use of Natural Family Planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/physician-and-nurses-knowledge-and-use-of-natural-family-planning-rech9cllbvjhqfiwi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}}],"datePublished":"1995-11-01","abstract":"Perinatal health professionals are in key positions to either promote or dissuade the use of Natural Family Planning (NFP). The purpose of this article is to describe a survey conducted with perinatal physicians and nurses on their knowledge and professional use of NFP. Four hundred and fifty physicians and nurses (150 MDs and 300 RNs) were sent a questionnaire on the use of and knowledge of NFP. One hundred sixty-six (or 37%) returned the completed questionnaires. Fifty-two percent of the nurses who returned the questionnaires and 48% of the physicians indicated they were taught about NFP in basic (generic) medical or nursing school. The average lecture time spent on the subject in either nursing or medical school was less than one hour. The majority learned about NFP through self-education or on-the-job training. Only four (1 RN and 3 MDs) are certified to teach NFP. Fifty-three percent of the nurses and 44% of physicians would not advise the use of NFP to avoid pregnancy. The most frequent reasons given for not promoting the use of NFP to either avoid or achieve pregnancy were that it is not effective, not natural, too difficult to learn, better methods are available, and it only works for highly motivated educated women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"62","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"22","pageEnd":"28","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/20508549.1995.11878322","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q140395015"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/20508549.1995.11878322"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q140395015"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/correlation-between-the-american-fertility-society-classifications-of-adnexal-ad-recizydyrxbuuwmlo/","name":"Correlation between the American Fertility Society classifications of adnexal adhesions and distal tubal occlusion, salpingoscopy, and reproductive outcome in tubal surgery","headline":"Correlation between the American Fertility Society classifications of adnexal adhesions and distal tubal occlusion, salpingoscopy, and reproductive outcome in tubal surgery","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/correlation-between-the-american-fertility-society-classifications-of-adnexal-ad-recizydyrxbuuwmlo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"L Muzii","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7195-9583","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Caruana","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G F Catalano","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Mancuso","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1752-3986","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Marana","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Rizzi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}}],"datePublished":"1995-11-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To compare the prognostic value of salpingoscopy with a current classification system of adnexal adhesions and distal tubal occlusion in patients with tubal infertility undergoing reconstructive tubal surgery.\n\nDESIGN: Prospective clinical study.\n\nSETTING: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Catholic University, a tertiary care University Center in Rome, Italy.\n\nPATIENTS: Fifty-five infertile patients with either adnexal adhesions (29 patients) or hydrosalpinx (26 patients) undergoing reconstructive tubal surgery.\n\nINTERVENTIONS: Salpingoscopy performed concomitantly to salpingo-ovariolysis or salpingoneostomy at the time of either operative laparoscopy or laparotomy using microsurgical techniques.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Salpingoscopic findings were compared with a current classification system of adnexal adhesions and distal tubal occlusion. The patients were followed for a mean follow-up of 49 months; the pregnancy rates achieved were correlated with the salpingoscopic findings and the classification system used.\n\nRESULTS: There was a significant correlation between the salpingoscopic grade and the occurrence of a term pregnancy for both the salpingo-ovariolysis and salpingoneostomy groups of patients. There was no significant correlation between the classification system used and the occurrence of a term pregnancy for both groups of patients.\n\nCONCLUSION: Salpingoscopy plays an important role in selecting the patients who may benefit the most from reconstructive tubal surgery.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"64","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"924","pageEnd":"929","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)57903-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71816390"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)57903-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7589635"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71816390"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/meta-analysis-of-the-role-of-oral-contraceptive-agents-in-inflammatory-bowel-dis-recz8igpqgqnnpcvr/","name":"Meta-analysis of the role of oral contraceptive agents in inflammatory bowel  disease","headline":"Meta-analysis of the role of oral contraceptive agents in inflammatory bowel  disease","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/meta-analysis-of-the-role-of-oral-contraceptive-agents-in-inflammatory-bowel-dis-recz8igpqgqnnpcvr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick Godet","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Calgary","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G R May","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Calgary","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L R Sutherland","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Calgary","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39"}}],"datePublished":"1995-11-01","abstract":"Numerous epidemiological studies have been performed to determine factors that might contribute to the development of inflammatory bowel disease. Although the role of oral contraceptive agents in Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) have been assessed, most studies were of small sample size and characterised by low statistical precision. A meta-analysis was performed to increase the statistical power and to investigate the association between the use of oral contraceptives and the development of CD and UC. The study was based on a search of a Medline database from 1975 to October 1993 and a review of reference lists from published articles, reviews, symposia proceedings, and abstracts from major gastrointestinal meetings. All studies specifically designed to evaluate this association were selected. The combined results of nine studies--two cohort studies (30,379 unexposed and 30,673 exposed patients) and seven case-control studies (482 CD, 237 UC, and 3198 controls)--which satisfied our selection criteria were evaluated. The pooled relative risk (adjusted for smoking) associated with oral contraceptive use was 1.44 (1.12, 1.86) for CD and 1.29 (0.94, 1.77) for UC. These results suggest modest associations between the use of oral contraceptives and the development of CD and UC. As these associations are weak, non-causal explanations for the findings cannot be eliminated.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"37","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Gut"}}},"pageStart":"668","pageEnd":"673","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/gut.37.5.668","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34408876"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/gut.37.5.668"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8549943"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34408876"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-recmknuzbmwbt0miv/","name":"Natural family planning","headline":"Natural family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-recmknuzbmwbt0miv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Geerling JH"}],"datePublished":"1995-11-01","abstract":"A better understanding of reproductive anatomy and physiology has led to newer methods of natural family planning, including the ovulation method and the symptothermal method. Studies have shown that 1 percent of couples who consistently and correctly use either of these methods conceives during one year of use. However, in the absence of standardized interpretation of study results, use-effectiveness data of these methods vary widely. The lactational amenorrhea method may be used in selected patients during the first six months postpartum, and its effectiveness in avoiding pregnancy is reported to be as high as 98 percent. Advocates of natural family planning promote these methods as inexpensive and safe ways to determine periods of peak fertility and point to the potential benefit of increased communication in a relationship.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"52","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Family Physician"}}},"pageStart":"1749","pageEnd":"1760","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/breast-and-ovarian-cancer-incidence-after-infertility-and-in-vitro-fertilisation-recqnxfykdeetw0pj/","name":"Breast and ovarian cancer incidence after infertility and in vitro fertilisation","headline":"Breast and ovarian cancer incidence after infertility and in vitro fertilisation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/breast-and-ovarian-cancer-incidence-after-infertility-and-in-vitro-fertilisation-recqnxfykdeetw0pj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Alison Venn","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7090-1398","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tasmania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01nfmeh72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Watson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2164-398X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"La Trobe University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01rxfrp27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Graham G Giles","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4946-9099","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02a8bt934"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G. Gilles"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Healy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5013-0477","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Monash University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C King","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8860-0419","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"CRichterKingConsultingLLC"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Lumley","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oxford","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052gg0110"}}],"datePublished":"1995-10-14","abstract":"Concern has been expressed that exposure to fertility drugs might be associated with a risk of ovarian cancer. We have examined the incidence of breast and ovarian cancer in a cohort of 10,358 women referred for in-vitro fertilisation (IVF) treatment in Victoria, Australia, between 1978 and 1992. The \"exposed\" group (n = 5564) had had ovarian stimulation to induce multiple folliculogenesis and the \"unexposed\" group (n = 4794) had been referred for IVF but were untreated or had had \"natural cycle\" treatment without ovarian stimulation. Duration of follow-up ranged from 1 to 15 years. Cases of cancer were determined by record linkage with data from population-based cancer registries. 34 cases of invasive breast cancer and 6 of invasive ovarian cancer were observed. A comparison with the expected numbers, derived by applying age-standardised general population rates to the cohort gave standardised incidence ratios (SIR) for breast cancer of 0.89 (95% CI 0.55-1.46) in the exposed group and 0.98 (0.62-1.56) in the unexposed group, and for ovarian cancer SIRs were 1.70 (0.55-5.27) and 1.62 (0.52-5.02), respectively. Rates of all cancers were not significantly different from general population rates. The relative risk (RR) of cancer, adjusted for age and infertility type, was, in the treated group compared with the untreated group, 1.11 (95% CI 0.56-2.20) for breast cancer and 1.45 (0.28-7.55) for ovarian cancer. The risk of body of uterus cancer was increased in the exposed and unexposed groups combined (SIR 2.84 [1.18-6.81]). Women with unexplained infertility, independent of IVF exposure, had significantly increased risks of ovarian cancer (RR = 19.19 [2.23-165.0]) and body of uterus cancer (RR = 6.34 [1.06-38.0]) compared with women with known causes of infertility. This relatively short-term follow-up suggests that ovarian stimulation with IVF is not associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. Although there was no significantly increased risk of ovarian cancer after ovarian stimulation with IVF the small number of cases limits the conclusions that can be drawn. Longer-term follow-up of large cohorts of women who have been in IVF programmes will be necessary.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"346","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8981","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Lancet (London, England)"}}},"pageStart":"995","pageEnd":"1000","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(95)91687-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34718774"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0140-6736(95)91687-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7475593"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34718774"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effectiveness-of-preterm-birth-prevention-educational-programs-for-high-risk-reczlypn2ncjlqfag/","name":"The effectiveness of preterm-birth prevention educational programs for high-risk women: a meta-analysis","headline":"The effectiveness of preterm-birth prevention educational programs for high-risk women: a meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effectiveness-of-preterm-birth-prevention-educational-programs-for-high-risk-reczlypn2ncjlqfag/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"W J Hueston","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8545-317X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Wisconsin–Madison","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marianne Knox","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Wisconsin–Madison","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G. M. Eilers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Wisconsin–Madison","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Lonsdorf","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Wisconsin–Madison","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Pauwels","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7624-0081","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Wisconsin–Madison","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41"}}],"datePublished":"1995-10-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether preterm-birth prevention educational programs are effective at reducing neonatal mortality, low birth weight (LBW), and preterm delivery.\n\nDATA SOURCES: A MEDLINE literature search of English-language studies was performed, supplemented by a bibliography search of original research and review articles to locate studies assessing preterm-birth prevention programs.\n\nMETHOD OF STUDY SELECTION: We identified 31 studies that reported results from trials evaluating preterm-birth prevention programs. From this group, only the six randomized controlled trials evaluating preterm-birth prevention education programs satisfied criteria of homogeneity to be included in a meta-analysis. One of these six studies was a subset of another study and was excluded except when reporting outcomes that were not included in the larger report.\n\nDATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: Two independent reviewers assessed study methodology and identified the following\n\noutcomes: LBW frequency, preterm birth frequency, neonatal survival, birth weight, gestational age at delivery, and preterm labor diagnosis rates. When data were combined using meta-analytic techniques, no significant benefits were found for preterm-birth education programs in preventing neonatal death (cumulative relative risk [RR] 1.00, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.99-1.01), LBW rates (RR 0.99, 95% CI 0.88-1.11), or preterm delivery rates (RR 1.08, 95% CI 0.92-1.27). The only statistically significant effect of preterm birth education programs appears to be an increase in the frequency at which preterm labor is diagnosed (RR 1.71, 95% CI 1.41-2.08).\n\nCONCLUSION: Preterm-birth prevention educational programs appear to have little benefit in reducing preterm birth and may result in an increased rate of diagnosis of preterm labor.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"86","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4 Pt 2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"705","pageEnd":"712","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0029-7844(95)00202-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40482968"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0029-7844(95)00202-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7675421"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40482968"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancies-and-births-resulting-from-in-vitro-fertilization-french-national-reg-recsrzyddhzl14sbo/","name":"Pregnancies and births resulting from in vitro fertilization: French national registry, analysis of data 1986 to 1990. FIVNAT (French In Vitro National)","headline":"Pregnancies and births resulting from in vitro fertilization: French national registry, analysis of data 1986 to 1990. FIVNAT (French In Vitro National)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancies-and-births-resulting-from-in-vitro-fertilization-french-national-reg-recsrzyddhzl14sbo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"FIVNAT (French In Vitro National)"},{"@type":"Person","name":"FIVNAT","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bicêtre Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c9p1x46"}}],"datePublished":"1995-10-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To describe the characteristics of pregnancies and children at birth resulting from IVF-ET and to assess whether they differ from those after natural conception.\n\nDESIGN: Prospective multicenter survey.\n\nSETTING: A national registry, representing 80% of all French IVF-ET activity for the period 1986 to 1990.\n\nPATIENTS: Data on 7,024 pregnancies, 5,371 deliveries, and 6,879 newborn infants.\n\nINTERVENTIONS: A form is completed for every clinical pregnancy.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Spontaneous abortion, ectopic pregnancy, multiple pregnancy, prematurity, hypotrophy, perinatal and neonatal mortality, and congenital malformations rates.\n\nRESULTS: The spontaneous abortion and ectopic pregnancy rates were, respectively, 17.6% and 5.8%. More than a quarter (26.8%) of the deliveries were multiple births. The preterm birth rate (29.3%), the low birth weight rate (36.2%), and the perinatal and neonatal mortality rates were higher than the national average. The rate of malformations (2.8%) was comparable with the general population (2.1%).\n\nCONCLUSION: Assisted conception frequently results in multiple pregnancy, and this is the main determinant of pregnancy outcome. Nevertheless, it is not the only risk factor for prematurity, which is also more frequent among IVF singleton newborn. The prevalence of congenital malformations is not higher than after natural conception.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"64","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"746","pageEnd":"756","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)57850-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72052300"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)57850-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7672146"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72052300"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-therapy-in-women-with-complex-partial-and-secondary-generalized-sei-recygsjvjwppxjaf2/","name":"Progesterone therapy in women with complex partial and secondary generalized seizures","headline":"Progesterone therapy in women with complex partial and secondary generalized seizures","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-therapy-in-women-with-complex-partial-and-secondary-generalized-sei-recygsjvjwppxjaf2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A G Herzog","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4831-2591","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"American Urological Association","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00sbaqa70"}}],"datePublished":"1995-09-01","abstract":"This open trial assessed the effects of adjunctive progesterone therapy on seizure frequency in 25 women with catamenial exacerbation of complex partial (CPS) and secondary generalized motor (SGMS) seizures. Progesterone was well tolerated by 23 of the 25 women and had readily reversible dose-related side effects of asthenia and emotional depression in two. Eighteen women (72%) experienced a decline in seizure frequency during a 3-month treatment period compared with the 3 months prior to therapy (p < 0.01). Average daily CPS frequency declined by 54% (p < 0.01), SGMS by 58% (p < 0.02).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"45","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Neurology"}}},"pageStart":"1660","pageEnd":"1662","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.45.9.1660","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54003532"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1212/wnl.45.9.1660"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7675223"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q54003532"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-opioid-blockade-on-insulin-metabolism-in-polycystic-ovarian-disease-rec4bgddvaecje5w2/","name":"Effect of opioid blockade on insulin metabolism in polycystic ovarian disease","headline":"Effect of opioid blockade on insulin metabolism in polycystic ovarian disease","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-opioid-blockade-on-insulin-metabolism-in-polycystic-ovarian-disease-rec4bgddvaecje5w2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Maria Fulghesu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8116-3968","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maurizio Guido","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3812-7771","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of L'Aquila","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01j9p1r26"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Caruso","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4922-2256","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonio Lanzone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4119-414X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oasi Maria SS","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dqmaq38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Mancuso","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1752-3986","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mario Ciampelli","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Cucinelli","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Fortini","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}}],"datePublished":"1995-09-01","abstract":"A total of 17 women affected by polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD) were studied to evaluate the involvement of endogenous opioids in the pathophysiology of the hyperinsulinism in PCOD by administering naltrexone, an oral opioid antagonist. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed at baseline (on day 5 of the cycle) and repeated after 6 weeks of naltrexone administration. Plasma glucose, insulin and connecting peptide (c-peptide) concentrations were evaluated in all samples. Based on their insulinaemic response to OGTT, patients were classified as hyperinsulinaemic or normoinsulinaemic. Naltrexone treatment significantly (P < 0.007) reduced the insulin response to OGTT in the hyperinsulinaemic group without affecting the c-peptide incremental area; in the normoinsulinaemic group there was a slight, but not significant, increase in both c-peptide and insulin incremental areas. The two groups showed similar c-peptide incremental areas after naltrexone treatment. There was no significant difference in the c-peptide:insulin incremental areas molar ratio between the two groups; after treatment, a significant increase in this ratio was observed in both groups. When we considered the data as an expression of the fractional hepatic extraction of insulin, we found a lower value for hyperinsulinaemic in comparison with normoinsulinaemic patients (not significant), and a significant (P < 0.01) improvement of this parameter in the hyperinsulinaemic group after naltrexone administration. In conclusion, we suggest that the contribution to hyperinsulinaemia in PCOD patients may be at least in part due to both increased pancreatic secretion and reduced hepatic removal of insulin. Chronic pharmacological inhibition of opioid tone could improve the insulin plasma concentration by acting chiefly on the liver metabolism of insulin in hyperinsulinaemic patients.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"2253","pageEnd":"2257","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a136279","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44340896"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a136279"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8530646"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44340896"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/color-flow-pulsed-doppler-ultrasound-in-diagnosing-luteal-phase-defect-recdc5p7kfqempmxp/","name":"Color flow pulsed Doppler ultrasound in diagnosing luteal phase defect","headline":"Color flow pulsed Doppler ultrasound in diagnosing luteal phase defect","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/color-flow-pulsed-doppler-ultrasound-in-diagnosing-luteal-phase-defect-recdc5p7kfqempmxp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Glock JL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J R Brumsted","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Vermont","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0155zta11"}}],"datePublished":"1995-09-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine whether color flow pulsed Doppler analysis of corpus luteum blood flow in normal cycles differs from cycles with a luteal phase defect.\n\nDESIGN: A prospective study of natural ovarian cycles.\n\nSETTING: The University of Vermont Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility Service.\n\nPATIENTS: Ten women with regular menstrual cycles and at risk for luteal phase defect (LPD) four with unexplained infertility, two with recurrent abortion, and four with age > 35 years.\n\nINTERVENTIONS: All women were examined by transvaginal color flow pulsed Doppler during the early follicular, late follicular, early luteal, midluteal, and late luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Venous blood for P concentration was drawn on each day of Doppler exam. Urine testing for LH surge and endometrial biopsy during the late luteal phase were performed on each patient.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Lowest resistance index associated with the highest amplitude signal from intraovarian vessels of each ovary, dated endometrial biopsies, serum P.\n\nRESULTS: Mean resistance indexes in LPD patients (n = 3) were significantly higher compared with normal women (n = 6) throughout the follicular and luteal phases. One patient remained anovulatory and was excluded from statistical analysis. Although systolic and diastolic velocities generally were observed to be lower in LPD patients compared with normal women, these differences were not statistically significant. High correlations were observed between P and resistance index within each luteal time point, achieving its highest value during the midluteal phase.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: This initial study provides evidence that color flow pulsed Doppler analysis of blood flow impedance to the corpus luteum may aid in assessing luteal phase adequacy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"64","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"500","pageEnd":"504","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/tubal-cannulation-ou6scu5i/","name":"Tubal cannulation","headline":"Tubal cannulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/tubal-cannulation-ou6scu5i/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Valle RF"}],"datePublished":"1995-09-01","abstract":"While uterotubal chromopertubations were performed early in the 1970s with the introduction of hysteroscopy, cornual cannulation was extended and adapted to fluoroscopy. The disadvantages of fluoroscopy include the difficulty in ruling out tubal spasm, inability to evaluate distal tubal disease, and other pelvic abnormalities. Tubal cannulation has emerged as an excellent alternative to treat patients with cornual obstruction. Only those patients in whom cannulation fails should be subjected to microsurgical reconstruction. While cannulation with coaxial catheters began under fluoroscopy, the use of the hysteroscope simplifies the technique. With laparoscopy the hysteroscopic approach enables tubal cannulation and evaluation of the entire pelvis. Treatment of additional problems affecting the fallopian tubes, particularly adhesions and endometriosis, is possible. Laparoscopy helps in monitoring the procedure and visual assessment of tubal patency. The ability to observe the uterotubal junctions directly by hysteroscopy provides an excellent approach for tubal cannulation. There are two techniques to cannulate the fallopian tubes, either with coaxial catheters or catheters with distal balloons, but the result obtained with these two techniques is similar. The simplicity of coaxial catheters makes this approach more appealing, and with the hysteroscope one can avoid exposure to radiation. The results obtained with tubal cannulation are encouraging and this procedure should be offered as the initial method to attempt treatment of tubal cornual obstruction. Often it can represent an excellent alternative to microsurgical tubal anastomosis, avoiding a laparotomy and extended disability.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/S0889-8545(21)00201-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40924454"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/S0889-8545(21)00201-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8524535"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40924454"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-consecutive-cycles-of-clomiphene-citrate-therapy-on-endometrial-th-rectmritisbnwiabr/","name":"The effect of consecutive cycles of clomiphene citrate therapy on endometrial thickness and echo pattern","headline":"The effect of consecutive cycles of clomiphene citrate therapy on endometrial thickness and echo pattern","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-consecutive-cycles-of-clomiphene-citrate-therapy-on-endometrial-th-rectmritisbnwiabr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jennifer Check","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6340-5334"},{"@type":"Person","name":"David J. Lurie","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6009-3152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cooper University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/049wjac82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Dietterich","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036pt7h44"}}],"datePublished":"1995-09-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine whether successive cycles of clomiphene citrate affect endometrial thickness.\n\nMETHODS: Thirty-four women presenting for treatment of anovulation, oligoovulation, or follicle maturation defects were given the smallest dose of clomiphene citrate necessary to attain a mature follicle. If no pregnancy ensued, the same dose was continued if a follicle 18-24 mm in diameter and a serum estradiol (E2) level greater than 200 pg/mL were achieved. Ethinyl E2 was supplemented for poor cervical mucus only. Endometrial thickness and echo patterns were measured each cycle at peak follicular maturation.\n\nRESULTS: There was no difference in mean endometrial thickness during the first six cycles of therapy, nor was there a trend for thickness to increase or decrease with successive cycles with or without the addition of ethinyl E2. There was no change in the distribution of echo patterns with successive cycles of clomiphene citrate. Post-treatment measures of thickness and echo pattern did not differ from baseline pre-treatment values. The homogeneous hyperechogenic pattern was the rarest. Mean serum E2 and progesterone levels at mid-cycle did not change with successive cycles.\n\nCONCLUSION: One proposed mechanism for the dichotomy between ovulation and pregnancy rates after clomiphene citrate therapy is that the drug adversely affects the endometrium. If clomiphene citrate does affect implantation adversely, the mechanism does not seem to be related to thinning the endometrium or causing an echo pattern that indicates a poor prognosis. The data also suggest that estrogen supplementation does not influence endometrial thickness and would best be used exclusively for hostile cervical mucus.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"86","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"341","pageEnd":"345","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0029-7844(95)00165-N","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72000625"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0029-7844(95)00165-N"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7651639"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72000625"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/flutamide-in-the-treatment-of-hirsutism-long-term-clinical-effects-endocrine-cha-rec7smfqqg1vn0dzz/","name":"Flutamide in the treatment of hirsutism: long-term clinical effects, endocrine changes, and androgen receptor behavior","headline":"Flutamide in the treatment of hirsutism: long-term clinical effects, endocrine changes, and androgen receptor behavior","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/flutamide-in-the-treatment-of-hirsutism-long-term-clinical-effects-endocrine-cha-rec7smfqqg1vn0dzz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"P Moghetti","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3951-0297","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Verona","sameAs":"https://ror.org/039bp8j42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Tosi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3495-4411","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Verona","sameAs":"https://ror.org/039bp8j42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M. Fontanarosa","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Verona","sameAs":"https://ror.org/039bp8j42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Armanini","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Verona","sameAs":"https://ror.org/039bp8j42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Castello","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6771-3791","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Verona","sameAs":"https://ror.org/039bp8j42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C M Magnani","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Verona","sameAs":"https://ror.org/039bp8j42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Muggeo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Verona","sameAs":"https://ror.org/039bp8j42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Negri","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Verona","sameAs":"https://ror.org/039bp8j42"}}],"datePublished":"1995-09-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To investigate the long-term effects of treatment with low doses of flutamide on clinical and hormonal parameters, as well as on the androgen receptor status, in hirsute women.\n\nDESIGN: Eighteen hirsute patients with regular menses were studied basally and during treatment with 125 mg flutamide, three times per day for 12 months. Barrier or intrauterine contraception was used during the study in sexually active women. Safety parameters were assessed throughout the study. Hirsutism, graded by the modified Ferriman-Gallwey score, and hormonal parameters were evaluated basally and at 4-month intervals during treatment. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone and ACTH stimulation tests were performed before and after 3 to 4 months of therapy. In addition, the concentration of androgen receptors in mononuclear leukocytes was measured, in both the follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle, basally and after 4 months of flutamide treatment.\n\nRESULTS: Flutamide was well tolerated in all women, with the noticeable exception of one patient who presented increased serum transaminase after 8 months of therapy. Hirsutism markedly improved in all women during the treatment (Ferriman-Gallwey score after 1 year: 4.1 +/- 0.5 versus 14.1 +/- 0.9). A reduction of serum androgens was found, whereas no change was observed in either basal or GnRH-stimulated gonadotropins or in the cortisol and 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone response to ACTH. Cycles remained ovulatory. Before treatment, the number of androgen receptors was higher in the luteal than in the follicular phase. This rhythmic differentiation disappeared after the patients had been given the antiandrogen drug.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Flutamide is effective in the treatment of hirsutism but requires constant surveillance of liver function. Androgen receptor blockade might be potentiated by a reduction of serum androgens. Flutamide affects androgen receptor behavior during the menstrual cycle. The meaning of this finding remains to be elucidated.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"64","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"511","pageEnd":"517","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)57785-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42481613"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)57785-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7641903"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q42481613"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reduction-of-ovarian-adhesions-by-the-use-of-interceed-ovarian-adhesion-study-gr-recq3agnjzgxsomnl/","name":"Reduction of ovarian adhesions by the use of Interceed. Ovarian Adhesion Study Group","headline":"Reduction of ovarian adhesions by the use of Interceed. Ovarian Adhesion Study Group","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reduction-of-ovarian-adhesions-by-the-use-of-interceed-ovarian-adhesion-study-gr-recq3agnjzgxsomnl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ronald B. Franklin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2618-0081"}],"datePublished":"1995-09-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of Interceed (TC7) Absorbable Adhesion Barrier, an oxidized regenerated cellulose fabric, as a barrier to the development of postsurgical ovarian adhesions after surgery involving the ovaries.\n\nMETHODS: In a multicenter randomized study, 55 patients with bilateral ovarian disease were treated at initial laparotomy. At the end of the procedure, one ovary was assigned randomly to be wrapped with Interceed and the other was left uncovered. A second-look laparoscopy was performed 10-98 days later to evaluate the occurrence and severity of adhesions and the raw ovarian surface area exposed after lysis of adhesions.\n\nRESULTS: At second-look laparoscopy, 26 of 55 Interceed-treated ovaries were free of adhesions, compared with 14 of 55 untreated control ovaries, a statistically significant difference (P = .028, Fisher exact test). At second-look laparoscopy, ovaries treated with Interceed formed adhesions less extensively (1.66 +/- 0.34 cm2) than did untreated ovaries (2.75 +/- 0.60 cm2) and with a greater reduction of raw ovarian surface area (difference in area differential -1.89 +/- 0.96 cm2; P = .055, paired t test). Adhesion scores at second-look laparoscopy were reduced significantly for ovaries treated with Interceed compared with untreated ovaries (P = .02, Wilcoxon signed-rank test). No adverse events were recorded during the course of the study.\n\nCONCLUSION: Treatment of ovaries with Interceed significantly reduced the occurrence and severity of postsurgical ovarian adhesions.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"86","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"335","pageEnd":"340","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0029-7844(95)00175-q","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72000621"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0029-7844(95)00175-q"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7651638"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72000621"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/obesity-and-cancer-rec7sojidxpswgmel/","name":"Obesity and cancer","headline":"Obesity and cancer","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/obesity-and-cancer-rec7sojidxpswgmel/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Deslypere","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ghent University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00xmkp704"}}],"datePublished":"1995-09-01","abstract":"Large-scale studies have demonstrated that obesity increases the risk of developing some forms of cancer. The association between obesity and cancer may result from factors such as fat distribution or sex hormone levels. Studies have also shown a relationship between a high-fat, low-fiber diet and cancer risk. High estrogen levels and low progesterone levels are associated with an increased risk of endometrial cancer. Obesity is known to raise estrogen levels and may lower progesterone levels. Obesity may increase the risk of breast cancer, but the evidence is less clear, since factors, such as age, country of origin, body-fat distribution, and family history, also play a major role in determining breast cancer risk. Sex hormones, insulin, and nutritional factors are also involved in the etiology of breast cancer. The incidence of lung cancer is inversely related to body weight.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"44","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9 Suppl 3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental"}}},"pageStart":"24","pageEnd":"27","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0026-0495(95)90316-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72059181"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0026-0495(95)90316-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7674913"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72059181"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/latency-period-after-preterm-premature-rupture-of-membranes-a-comparison-of-ampi-recplgu4todt6celc/","name":"Latency period after preterm premature rupture of membranes: a comparison of ampicillin with and without sulbactam","headline":"Latency period after preterm premature rupture of membranes: a comparison of ampicillin with and without sulbactam","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/latency-period-after-preterm-premature-rupture-of-membranes-a-comparison-of-ampi-recplgu4todt6celc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Dawnette Lewis"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M. Fontenot","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03151rh82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G G Brooks"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert A. Wise","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8353-2349","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Louisiana State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ect4e57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Margaret Perkins","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Louisiana State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ect4e57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A HEYMANN"}],"datePublished":"1995-09-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To compare ampicillin with and without sulbactam with respect to the effect on the latency period after preterm premature rupture of membranes (PROM).\n\nMETHODS: Patients with PROM at 25-35 weeks' gestation were offered participation in a randomized blinded trial comparing ampicillin-sulbactam with ampicillin. Evaluations for cervical pathogens were performed on admission and patients were followed-up with daily maternal and fetal evaluation. Maternal and neonatal outcomes were analyzed using indicated techniques.\n\nRESULTS: Fifty-three women were studied, with 25 receiving ampicillin-sulbactam and 28 receiving ampicillin. The ampicillin-sulbactam group had a significantly longer latency period (433 +/- 625 versus 143 +/- 165 hours, P = .03) and significantly fewer neonatal complications (five versus 20, P < .001). Although no neonatal infectious complications were observed in sulbactam-treated cases, there were four cases of neonatal sepsis and two of neonatal pneumonia in the ampicillin group. Also, significantly more neonates in the ampicillin group required prolonged oxygen and ventilatory support. There was no significant difference in maternal morbidity.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: In our population with preterm PROM, a broad-spectrum antibiotic that provides anaerobic coverage appears to extend latency and decrease neonatal morbidity without increasing adverse maternal outcome.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"86","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"392","pageEnd":"395","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0029-7844(95)00181-P","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72000646"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0029-7844(95)00181-P"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7651649"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72000646"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/insulin-resistance-insulin-like-growth-factor-i-and-breast-cancer-a-hypothesis-recbll8cgcc85naif/","name":"Insulin resistance, insulin-like growth factor I and breast cancer: a hypothesis","headline":"Insulin resistance, insulin-like growth factor I and breast cancer: a hypothesis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/insulin-resistance-insulin-like-growth-factor-i-and-breast-cancer-a-hypothesis-recbll8cgcc85naif/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R R Kazer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Northwestern University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/000e0be47"}}],"datePublished":"1995-08-09","abstract":"Consideration of existing data regarding clinical and biochemical risk factors for the development of breast cancer leads to the hypothesis that enhanced insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) activity plays a significant role in the development of this disease. Abnormal IGF-I activity may be related to events occurring prenatally, during puberty, or during adult life. Insulin resistance, a common feature in populations characterized by high caloric intake, may result in the amplification of IGF-I action at the tissue level by altering serum concentrations of IGF-I binding proteins. Several approaches toward testing the hypothesis are proposed, and potential opportunities for clinical application are described.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"62","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Cancer"}}},"pageStart":"403","pageEnd":"406","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.2910620408","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40975693"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/ijc.2910620408"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7543456"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40975693"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/women-at-risk-for-postpartum-onset-major-depression-rec17n8lndolkvxrk/","name":"Women at risk for postpartum-onset major depression","headline":"Women at risk for postpartum-onset major depression","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/women-at-risk-for-postpartum-onset-major-depression-rec17n8lndolkvxrk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Z N Stowe","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6320-8042","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Emory University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C B Nemeroff","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7867-1160","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Emory University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43"}}],"datePublished":"1995-08-01","abstract":"There is considerable evidence that the childbearing years represent a time when women are highly vulnerable to developing mood disorders. Prospective, cross-sectional, and retrospective studies have demonstrated that more than 10% of new adult mothers will experience a major depressive episode during the first postpartum year. Changes in the health care delivery system will result in increased pressure on the obstetrician/gynecologist to identify and treat women with postpartum-onset depression. Despite shortcomings in the available literature, prospective studies have identified risk factors for developing postpartum depression. Furthermore, the clear overlap between the normal sequelae of childbirth and the symptoms of major depression, including alterations in sleep, energy, libido, appetite, and body weight, underscores the need to develop guidelines for early identification. We furnish a brief overview of postpartum mood disorders with a primary focus on the antenatal and postnatal risk factors for developing postpartum depression. Based on the extent literature and our clinical experience, a set of recommendations for early identification and treatment is provided.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"173","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"639","pageEnd":"645","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(95)90296-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40465599"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(95)90296-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7645646"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40465599"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preliminary-meta-analysis-comparing-in-vitro-fertilization-with-surgical-treatme-recgzn4sla23lgpe8/","name":"Preliminary Meta-Analysis Comparing In Vitro Fertilization with Surgical Treatment for Moderate and Severe Endometriosis","headline":"Preliminary Meta-Analysis Comparing In Vitro Fertilization with Surgical Treatment for Moderate and Severe Endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preliminary-meta-analysis-comparing-in-vitro-fertilization-with-surgical-treatme-recgzn4sla23lgpe8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"JS Campbell"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pasta D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"David J Pasta","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2637-9293","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ovation Fertility","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hrw6q11"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G David Adamson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5387-7629","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Endometriosis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01q5m4507"}}],"datePublished":"1995-08-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pulsatile-release-patterns-of-luteinizing-hormone-and-progesterone-in-relation-t-recw4nzeazljgrkmh/","name":"Pulsatile release patterns of luteinizing hormone and progesterone in relation to symptom onset in women with premenstrual syndrome","headline":"Pulsatile release patterns of luteinizing hormone and progesterone in relation to symptom onset in women with premenstrual syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pulsatile-release-patterns-of-luteinizing-hormone-and-progesterone-in-relation-t-recw4nzeazljgrkmh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lewis LL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Greenblatt EM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rittenhouse CA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Veldhuis JD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R B Jaffe","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}}],"datePublished":"1995-08-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To explore the pulsatile-release characteristics of LH and P in women with premenstrual syndrome (PMS) compared with age-matched phase-matched controls.\n\nDESIGN: Prospective, repeated measures, two-group study.\n\nSETTING: Human volunteers in an academic research environment.\n\nPARTICIPANTS: Six women with rigorously defined prospectively determined PMS; six age-matched phase-matched controls.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Frequency, amplitude, concentration, and coincident pulsatile release characteristics of LH and P at three symptom-related points of the luteal phase.\n\nRESULTS: No significant between-group differences in frequency, amplitude, or concentration were found. In pooled data, significant coincident pulsing between LH and P was demonstrated. The length of time between LH and P pulses systematically increased across the luteal phase, a finding not previously reported. In the PMS group only, significant coincident pulsing occurred at an unexpected zero time lag on the symptom-onset sampling day.\n\nCONCLUSION: A progressively increasing coupling interval may reflect the gradual decline of the corpus luteum. Presence of a zero time lag between LH and P at symptom onset in women with PMS may indicate an aberrance in corpus luteum response to LH stimulation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"64","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"288","pageEnd":"292","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clinical-and-endocrine-effects-of-finasteride-a-5-alpha-reductase-inhibitor-in-w-recdpjnyroj7cnorj/","name":"Clinical and endocrine effects of finasteride, a 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor, in women with idiopathic hirsutism","headline":"Clinical and endocrine effects of finasteride, a 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor, in women with idiopathic hirsutism","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clinical-and-endocrine-effects-of-finasteride-a-5-alpha-reductase-inhibitor-in-w-recdpjnyroj7cnorj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonio Cianci","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2758-3413","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Catania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A E Calogero","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6950-335X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Catania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Giuseppe A. Palumbo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1859-6319","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Catania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Ciotta","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Catania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Marletta","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Catania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marco Palumbo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0467-4892","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Catania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Sciuto","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Catania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03a64bh57"}}],"datePublished":"1995-08-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of long-term administration of finasteride on hirsutism score, basal gonadotropin, and androgen secretion in women with idiopathic hirsutism.\n\nDESIGN: Randomized single-blinded study.\n\nPATIENTS: Eighteen patients with moderate-severe hirsutism were recruited for the study.\n\nINTERVENTIONS: Nine hirsute patients received 7.5 mg/d oral finasteride for a period of 9 months whereas the other nine were treated with placebo. Hirsutism score, serum basal gonadotropin, androgens, estrogen, and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels were evaluated in all patients before treatment and every 3 months during treatment.\n\nRESULTS: After 6 and 9 months of treatment, the hirsutism score improved significantly in the patients receiving finasteride, whereas no significant modifications were observed in patients treated with placebo. The side effects observed were headache and depression of modest entity during the 1st month of treatments, whereas libido did not change. Serum levels of LH, FSH, androstenedione, unbound T, DHEAS, E2, 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, and SHBG did not change during therapy. Hirsute patients treated with finasteride exhibited a marked decrease of dihydrotestosterone and a significant increase of T serum levels from the 3rd and 6th months of treatment, respectively.\n\nCONCLUSION: Finasteride decreased the hirsutism score of patients affected by idiopathic hirsutism with few side effects during treatment. No modification of libido was observed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"64","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"299","pageEnd":"306","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)57727-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71890075"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)57727-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7615107"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71890075"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/laparoscopic-implant-of-gore-tex-surgical-membrane-reci2udmbuh6ajrw5/","name":"Laparoscopic implant of Gore-Tex surgical membrane","headline":"Laparoscopic implant of Gore-Tex surgical membrane","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/laparoscopic-implant-of-gore-tex-surgical-membrane-reci2udmbuh6ajrw5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"David N. Curole","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Houston Fertility Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ke8w717"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"George J. Hill","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8505-0407"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bradley S. Hurst","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2271-4277"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Murphy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1296-8855"},{"@type":"Person","name":"William Schalff","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Louisville","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ckdn478"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephen Taylor","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5712-574X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Houston Fertility Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ke8w717"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard Wing"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Crain","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Women's Specialty Center, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Metzger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Perloe"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Harry Reich"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Rowe","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Sanfillipo"}],"datePublished":"1995-08-01","abstract":"One of the major postoperative complications of reproductive surgery is the formation of adhesions. 1, 2 Over the past several decades a number of methods have been explored to solve this problem, g, 4 Recently there has been renewed interest in covering the damaged peritoneal surface with an absorbable or nonabsorbable barrier as a means of preventing adhesions after fertility-enhancing surgery. Currently, two barriers are commercially available for clinical use: Interceed Absorbable Adhesion Barrier (Ethicon, Somerville, NJ), which is composed of oxidized regenerated cellulose, and the Gore-Tex Surgical Membrane (W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc., Flagstaff, AZ), constructed of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e-PTFE). Interceed has been investigated both experimentally and clinically and has proved effective in some circumstances. 5,6 Studies also report on the laparoscopic application of Interceed in fertility-enhancement procedures.7, 8 Recent reports, however, have questioned the product's degree of effectiveness and raised concern about possible residual effects it may have on peritoneal tissue? 11 Gore-Tex Surgical Membrane has been indicated for use in peritoneal reconstruction since 1983, and experimental and clinical reports describe its effectiveness in preventing adhesion formation. 12-14\nInterceed is an absorbable material that is phagocytized by macrophages within 1 month. Gore-Tex Surgical Membrane is nonabsorbable and is intended to be a permanent implant. Since all published reports on the clinical application of the Gore-Tex membrane discuss implantation by laparotomy, ~g, 14 the ease of use of this product in laparoscopic surgery is of particular interest. Moreover, because of its permanence, its long-term safety and effectiveness merit examination. A prospective, multicenter clinical study was undertaken to evaluate the ease of using Gore-Tex Surgical Membrane laparoscopically.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of the American Association of Gynecologic Laparoscopists"}}},"pageStart":"417","pageEnd":"420","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s1074-3804(05)80063-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73110603"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s1074-3804(05)80063-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9050595"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73110603"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ultrasonographic-characteristics-of-first-trimester-gestations-in-recurrent-spon-rec2id77rxdupfjes/","name":"Ultrasonographic characteristics of first-trimester gestations in recurrent spontaneous aborters","headline":"Ultrasonographic characteristics of first-trimester gestations in recurrent spontaneous aborters","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ultrasonographic-characteristics-of-first-trimester-gestations-in-recurrent-spon-rec2id77rxdupfjes/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Cunningham DS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bledsoe LD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tichenor JR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Opsahl MS"}],"datePublished":"1995-08-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To compile, for the first time, serial ultrasonographic findings during the first trimester of pregnancy in women with a history of primary recurrent spontaneous abortion so as to define the dynamics of early normal and abnormal gestations in this category of gravidas.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: Transvaginal ultrasonograms were obtained weekly from 5 to 12 weeks' gestational age in 40 women, 10 each of four groups: recurrent spontaneous aborters and primiparas (controls), with both successful and failed gestations.\n\nRESULTS: Embryonic heart motion was detected in 40-50% of successful pregnancies during the fifth week of gestation and in the balance by the sixth week, while heart motion was detected in no more than 50% of pregnancies that later failed. Of the failed pregnancies, all were evident by the eighth week of gestation, including those with previously documented viability. The gestational sac size and crown-rump length were smaller than expected in both failed groups, with the sac size difference evident as early as week 5 and the crown-rump length difference apparent by week 7.\n\nCONCLUSION: Appropriate timing of the initial ultrasonogram in recurrent aborters (i.e., 8 weeks' gestational age) can identify, by means of heart motion and gestational sac features, all pregnancies that will ultimately fail.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"40","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"565","pageEnd":"570","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estrogen-acutely-increases-peripheral-blood-flow-in-postmenopausal-women-rec84au4b0aitpkre/","name":"Estrogen acutely increases peripheral blood flow in postmenopausal women","headline":"Estrogen acutely increases peripheral blood flow in postmenopausal women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estrogen-acutely-increases-peripheral-blood-flow-in-postmenopausal-women-rec84au4b0aitpkre/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M Volterrani","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2624-9213","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Brompton Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cv4n034"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Giuseppe Rosano","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6868-4248","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"San Raffaele University of Rome","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02rwycx38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrew J.S. Coats","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2771-4260","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Brompton Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cv4n034"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carolyn M. Beale","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Brompton Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cv4n034"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Collins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4414-8034","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02218z997"}}],"datePublished":"1995-08-01","abstract":"PURPOSE: To test the acute effect of estrogen on peripheral blood flow and vascular resistance in postmenopausal women.\n\nPATIENTS AND\n\nMETHODS: Eleven normotensive, post-menopausal female volunteers (mean age 53 +/- 6 years) were studied. Six women were in natural menopause and 5 had had a hysterectomy (mean age of the menopause 49 +/- 3 years). We used a double-blind, randomized protocol to assess the acute response to sublingual estradiol-17 beta (1 mg) on the forearm resistance vessels, compared with sublingual placebo. Blood flow was measured by strain-gauge plethysmography, and mean peripheral vascular resistance was then calculated. Mean blood pressure was also measured.\n\nRESULTS: The mean blood flow induced by estradiol-17 beta after 40 minutes was significantly greater than that induced by placebo (3.9 +/- 0.5 mL/100 mL per minute versus 2.4 +/- 0.4 mL/100 mL per minute, respectively, P < 0.05). The forearm resistance was significantly reduced at 40 minutes after estradiol-17 beta compared with placebo (25.7 +/- 4.4 resistance units (RU) to 44.4 +/- 6.4 RU, respectively, P < 0.05). Mean blood pressure 40 minutes after the administration of estradiol-17 beta was no different when compared with placebo (91 +/- 1.5 mm Hg versus 90 +/- 2.5 mm Hg, respectively, P = NS).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that the acute administration of estradiol-17 beta affects blood flow in the peripheral vasculature in human subjects. The mechanism of this effect has not been determined, but it may explain some of the beneficial effects of estrogen on the vascular system and have future therapeutic potential in postmenopausal women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"99","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The American Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"119","pageEnd":"122","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9343(99)80130-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40977120"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0002-9343(99)80130-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7625415"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40977120"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/elusive-fertility-fecundability-and-assisted-conception-in-perspective-recixqjkra6ra5zeu/","name":"Elusive fertility: fecundability and assisted conception in perspective","headline":"Elusive fertility: fecundability and assisted conception in perspective","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/elusive-fertility-fecundability-and-assisted-conception-in-perspective-recixqjkra6ra5zeu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R P Jansen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Prince Alfred Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05gpvde20"}}],"datePublished":"1995-08-01","abstract":"The last decade has transformed the physician's approach to infertility. The development of IVF for its treatment has so improved our capacity to overcome this most distressing of disabilities that we now need to revise many of our working ideas on how it can come about. This is not because new causes have been discovered. Rather, an appreciation has been gained of how apparently minor disturbances can combine to cause a major disruption in the expectation of pregnancy.\nAt the best of times-and sometimes, no doubt, at the worst of times getting pregnant is a matter of chance. The parameter that describes this chance is the monthly probability of conception, known among epidemiologists as fecundability (f) (probability of achieving pregnancy in one menstrual cycle), and is similar to \"monthly fecundity\" (monthly probability of a live birth in one cycle exposed to the risk of pregnancy) (1). Like every statistic in biology, fecundability has a wide distribution of values in the population (modeled in Fig. 1). Figure 1 also illustrates a group of couples with a fecundability value of zero-meaning complete infertility, or sterility, which affects perhaps 5% of couples attempting to achieve a pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"64","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"252","pageEnd":"254","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)57718-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71890027"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)57718-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7615098"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71890027"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-double-blind-trial-of-oral-progesterone-alprazolam-and-placebo-in-treatment-of-recnxbfjxj0bsnovn/","name":"A double-blind trial of oral progesterone, alprazolam, and placebo in treatment of severe premenstrual syndrome","headline":"A double-blind trial of oral progesterone, alprazolam, and placebo in treatment of severe premenstrual syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-double-blind-trial-of-oral-progesterone-alprazolam-and-placebo-in-treatment-of-recnxbfjxj0bsnovn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rickels K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sondheimer SJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Polansky M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"E W Freeman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9210-1063","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pennsylvania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10"}}],"datePublished":"1995-07-05","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of oral micronized progesterone, alprazolam, and placebo in premenstrual syndrome (PMS) treatment and the effect of clinical contact on treatment responses.\n\nDESIGN: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled 3-month parallel treatment arms with flexible dosage and with the length of clinical contact randomized within each treatment group.\n\nSETTING: University hospital PMS medical treatment outpatient program in obstetrics/gynecology department.\n\nSUBJECTS: Among volunteers for PMS treatment, 444 were evaluated and 185 meeting defined PMS criteria were randomized to treatment; treatment data are available for 170. There were no medical withdrawals for adverse events.\n\nINTERVENTION: A double-blinded protocol in which 300 mg of oral micronized progesterone, 0.25 mg of alprazolam, or placebo was administered four times a day from day 18 of the menstrual cycle through day 2 of the next cycle, including taper. The mean daily dose at the third treatment was 1760 mg of progesterone or 1.5 mg of alprazolam. Subjects were randomized to brief (< 20 minutes) or extended (50 minutes) visits.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Daily symptom report (DSR) scored for total DSR symptoms, four DSR factors.\n\nRESULTS: Alprazolam was significantly better than placebo or progesterone for total premenstrual symptoms and DSR factors of mental function, pain, and mood. Thirty-seven percent of the alprazolam group experienced a 50% reduction in total DSR scores. There were no clinically significant withdrawal symptoms when alprazolam administration was restricted to the luteal phase. Oral micronized progesterone therapy was no better than placebo. Brief vs extended visits had no effect on treatment outcome. Treatment response was associated with severity of premenstrual symptoms at baseline but with no other diagnostic variables.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Alprazolam has a role in PMS treatment and offers a therapy limited to the luteal phase. Oral micronized progesterone is ineffective for PMS.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"274","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA"}}},"pageStart":"51","pageEnd":"57","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-of-oral-micronized-progesterone-in-the-treatment-of-luteal-phase-defect-recb8jfaltu3qdigl/","name":"Efficacy of oral micronized progesterone in the treatment of luteal phase defects","headline":"Efficacy of oral micronized progesterone in the treatment of luteal phase defects","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-of-oral-micronized-progesterone-in-the-treatment-of-luteal-phase-defect-recb8jfaltu3qdigl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Frishman GN","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0939-2314"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Klock SC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nulsen JC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A A Luciano","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7659-471X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UConn Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02kzs4y22"}}],"datePublished":"1995-07-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: Vaginal progesterone suppositories are an accepted treatment for infertility attributed to luteal phase defects. Although oral micronized progesterone may be preferable to suppositories for many patients, there are no studies on its use for patients with luteal phase defects. This study evaluated the efficacy of oral micronized progesterone for the treatment of luteal phase defects.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: Seven women with luteal phase defects previously corrected by vaginal suppositories were administered oral micronized progesterone (200 mg by mouth three times a day). Endometrial biopsies were performed to evaluate treatment efficacy. Questionnaires were used to assess side effects, including sedation.\n\nRESULTS: On oral micronized progesterone, all patients had in-phase endometrial biopsies. Despite complaints of drowsiness, the majority of patients preferred the oral formulation over the vaginal route of administration.\n\nCONCLUSION: We conclude that oral micronized progesterone is efficacious in the treatment of luteal phase defects.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"40","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"521","pageEnd":"524","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-incidence-of-thyroid-disorders-in-the-community-a-twenty-year-follow-up-of-t-recq1p0dkpwmdggk8/","name":"The incidence of thyroid disorders in the community: a twenty-year follow-up of the Whickham Survey","headline":"The incidence of thyroid disorders in the community: a twenty-year follow-up of the Whickham Survey","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-incidence-of-thyroid-disorders-in-the-community-a-twenty-year-follow-up-of-t-recq1p0dkpwmdggk8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M. P. J. Vanderpump"},{"@type":"Person","name":"W. M. G. Tunbrldge","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"North Tyneside General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01zy11s57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J M French"},{"@type":"Person","name":"David R. Appleton","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8570-1428","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Newcastle University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01kj2bm70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Bates","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3189-7511","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Newcastle University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01kj2bm70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Clark","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8349-7686","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Freeman Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cdwy346"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Grimley Evans J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"David Hasan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8335-5442","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"North Tyneside General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01zy11s57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Rodgers","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1557-9604","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Newcastle University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01kj2bm70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F. K. E. Tunbridge","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Freeman Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cdwy346"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E. T. Young","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wansbeck General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mb3yn31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Grimley Evans","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oxford","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052gg0110"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marwa D Hasan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1287-3282","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cairo University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03q21mh05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W M Tunbridge"}],"datePublished":"1995-07-01","abstract":"BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The original Whickham Survey documented the prevalence of thyroid disorders in a randomly selected sample of 2779 adults which matched the population of Great Britain in age, sex and social class. The aim of the twenty-year follow-up survey was to determine the incidence and natural history of thyroid disease in this cohort.\n\nDESIGN, PATIENTS AND\n\nMEASUREMENTS: Subjects were traced at follow-up via the Electoral Register, General Practice registers, Gateshead Family Health Services Authority register and Office of Population Censuses and Surveys. Eight hundred and twenty-five subjects (30% of the sample) had died and, in addition to death certificates, two-thirds had information from either hospital/General Practitioner notes or post-mortem reports to document morbidity prior to death. Of the 1877 known survivors, 96% participated in the follow-up study and 91% were tested for clinical, biochemical and immunological evidence of thyroid dysfunction.\n\nRESULTS: Outcomes in terms of morbidity and mortality were determined for over 97% of the original sample. The mean incidence (with 95% confidence intervals) of spontaneous hypothyroidism in women was 3.5/1000 survivors/year (2.8-4.5) rising to 4.1/1000 survivors/year (3.3-5.0) for all causes of hypothyroidism and in men was 0.6/1000 survivors/year (0.3-1.2). The mean incidence of hyperthyroidism in women was 0.8/1000 survivors/year (0.5-1.4) and was negligible in men. Similar incidence rates were calculated for the deceased subjects. An estimate of the probability of the development of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism at a particular time, i.e. the hazard rate, showed an increase with age in hypothyroidism but no age relation in hyperthyroidism. The frequency of goitre decreased with age with 10% of women and 2% of men having a goitre at follow-up, as compared to 23% and 5% in the same subjects respectively at the first survey. The presence of a goitre at either survey was not associated with any clinical or biochemical evidence of thyroid dysfunction. In women, an association was found between the development of a goitre and thyroid-antibody status at follow-up, but not initially. The risk of having developed hypothyroidism at follow-up was examined with respect to risk factors identified at first survey. The odds ratios (with 95% confidence intervals) of developing hypothyroidism with (a) raised serum TSH alone were 8 (3-20) for women and 44 (19-104) for men; (b) positive anti-thyroid antibodies alone were 8 (5-15) for women and 25 (10-63) for men; (c) both raised serum TSH and positive anti-thyroid antibodies were 38 (22-65) for women and 173 (81-370) for men. A logit model indicated that increasing values of serum TSH above 2mU/l at first survey increased the probability of developing hypothyroidism which was further increased in the presence of anti-thyroid antibodies. Neither a positive family history of any form of thyroid disease nor parity of women at first survey was associated with increased risk of developing hypothyroidism. Fasting cholesterol and triglyceride levels at first survey when corrected for age showed no association with the development of hypothyroidism in women.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: This historical cohort study has provided incidence data for thyroid disease over a twenty-year period for a representative cross-sectional sample of the population, and has allowed the determination of the importance of prognostic risk factors for thyroid disease identified twenty years earlier.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"43","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"55","pageEnd":"68","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2265.1995.tb01894.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34720958"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1365-2265.1995.tb01894.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7641412"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34720958"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fluoxetine-in-the-treatment-of-premenstrual-dysphoria-canadian-fluoxetinepremens-recfrm2rbgskk6ljc/","name":"Fluoxetine in the treatment of premenstrual dysphoria. Canadian Fluoxetine/Premenstrual Dysphoria Collaborative Study Group","headline":"Fluoxetine in the treatment of premenstrual dysphoria. Canadian Fluoxetine/Premenstrual Dysphoria Collaborative Study Group","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fluoxetine-in-the-treatment-of-premenstrual-dysphoria-canadian-fluoxetinepremens-recfrm2rbgskk6ljc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Meir Steiner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6503-3733","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Donna E. Stewart","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8157-7746","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Carter","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5712-6611","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00frst980"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David L. Streiner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0610-6271"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudie Berger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5499-2661","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Grover","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4307-5961","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alberta Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/013e81n30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R L Reid","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6448-3166","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Steinberg","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Stewart","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6180-3398"}],"datePublished":"1995-06-08","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Premenstrual dysphoria shares certain features with depression and anxiety states, which have been linked to serotonergic dysregulation. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of fluoxetine (which selectively inhibits the reuptake of serotonin) in the treatment of premenstrual dysphoria.\n\nMETHODS: The trial consisted of a single-blind, placebo washout period lasting two menstrual cycles, followed by a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of fluoxetine at a dose of either 20 mg or 60 mg per day or placebo for six menstrual cycles. Healthy women meeting criteria for what was then called late-luteal-phase dysphoric disorder were recruited at seven university-affiliated women's health clinics in Canada. The primary outcome measure consisted of visual-analogue scales for tension, irritability, and dysphoria during the late luteal phase of each cycle.\n\nRESULTS: Of 405 women enrolled in the placebo washout period, 313 subsequently entered the randomized phase of the study, which lasted six menstrual cycles, and 180 completed it. Fluoxetine at a dose of 20 or 60 mg per day was significantly superior to placebo in reducing symptoms of tension, irritability, and dysphoria, as measured by the visual-analogue scales (P < 0.001). The women who received 60 mg of fluoxetine per day reported significantly more side effects than those who received 20 mg per day or placebo (P < 0.001).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Fluoxetine is useful in the treatment of premenstrual dysphoria. Treatment with fluoxetine at a dose of 20 mg per day reduces the potential for side effects while maximizing therapeutic efficacy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"332","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"23","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"1529","pageEnd":"1534","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199506083322301","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34310007"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJM199506083322301"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7739706"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34310007"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-limited-value-of-hysterosalpingography-in-assessing-tubal-status-and-fertili-rec0jc2fsms881eia/","name":"The limited value of hysterosalpingography in assessing tubal status and  fertility potential","headline":"The limited value of hysterosalpingography in assessing tubal status and  fertility potential","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-limited-value-of-hysterosalpingography-in-assessing-tubal-status-and-fertili-rec0jc2fsms881eia/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Vishvanath Karande","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Foundation for Reproductive Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hp71e29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Douglas S. Rabin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Norbert Gleicher","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0202-4167","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Foundation for Reproductive Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hp71e29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Pratt","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7552-0334","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Foundation for Reproductive Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hp71e29"}}],"datePublished":"1995-06-01","abstract":"Design: To determine whether the diagnostic accuracy and prognostic value of hysterosalpingography (HSG) could be improved if routine spot films were replaced by an on-line recorded gynecoradiologic study.\nSetting: Medical school-affiliated private infertility center.\nPatients: In 1992, a review of 152 infertile women with infertility who demonstrated a normal HSG, by standard criteria of spot film evaluation, in 117 (77%). They were further investigated by gynecoradiologic study if the HSG revealed asymmetrical tubal filling, an increased perfusion pressure, and/or evidence for abnormal tubal spill. In 1993, 47 women with normal HSG by spot film criteria underwent bilateral selective salpingography and were subdivided into those with normal (group I, n = 23) and abnormal (group II, n = 24) tubal perfusion pressures.\n\nIntervention: Patients in both study groups then were treated for their infertility independently of pressure perfusion measurements.\nMain Outcome Measure: Clinical pregnancy rates (PRs) over the ensuing 6 to 10 months.\n\nResults: Among 117 women with apparently normal spot film HSG, 64 (55%) demonstrated asymmetrical tubal filling, 32 (27%) demonstrated abnormal spillage into the peritoneal cavity, and 55 (47%) demonstrated abnormally elevated injection pressures. Among 98 women who underwent bilateral selective salpingography, 43 (44%) demonstrated bilaterally normal tubal perfusion pressures and 55 (56%) showed an abnormally elevated pressure in at least one oviduct. Of 47 women that were followed prospectively in 1993, patients with normal perfusion pressure (group I) demonstrated a significantly higher PR than women with elevated tubal pressure (group II) from 2 months and on after the procedure.\n\nConclusions: Routine spot film HSG is of limited value in assessing tubal status beyond the determination of tubal patency. Especially with regard to fertility potential, HSG should be replaced by gynecoradiologic study.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"63","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1167","pageEnd":"1171","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)57591-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40525819"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)57591-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7750583"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40525819"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteal-phase-estradiol-and-pregnancy-outcome-in-gonadotropin-releasing-hormone-a-recq62vkfb6x5yrdi/","name":"Luteal phase estradiol and pregnancy outcome in gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist/human menopausal gonadotropin-treated gamete intrafallopian transfer cycles","headline":"Luteal phase estradiol and pregnancy outcome in gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist/human menopausal gonadotropin-treated gamete intrafallopian transfer cycles","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteal-phase-estradiol-and-pregnancy-outcome-in-gonadotropin-releasing-hormone-a-recq62vkfb6x5yrdi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Molo MW"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rawlins RG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Z Binor"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kelly M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6984-5632"},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Radwanska"}],"datePublished":"1995-06-01","abstract":"To correlate luteal estradiol (E2) levels with pregnancy outcome, 36 consecutive conceptions resulting from gamete intrafallopian transfer in gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist/human menopausal gonadotropin (GnRH-a/hMG) cycles were analyzed. GnRH-a was initiated during the preceding luteal phase. HMG was adjusted individually. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), 5,000 IU, was administered when E2 was > 500 pg/mL and the leading follicle > 17 mm (day 0). The luteal phase was supported by (1) hCG, 1,500 IU in three doses from day 5 and (2) progesterone (P) from day 7. E2 and P levels were analyzed in three groups of patients: normally progressing pregnancy (NPP), abortion (AB) and preclinical abortion (PAB). No significant differences in mean E2 levels were seen between the groups from day 0 through day 5 after hCG. Midluteal E2 levels were significantly different between the groups (P < .05). Late luteal E2 values were significantly higher for NPP than for either AB or PAB (P < .05). There were no significant differences in luteal P values between the NPP, AB and PAB groups. Decreased luteal E2 appears to be associated with early pregnancy wastage; this may be due to inadequate endometrial support.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"40","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"418","pageEnd":"422","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sexual-behavior-of-natural-family-planning-users-in-germany-and-its-changes-over-rectbml5sabbhuyhd/","name":"Sexual behavior of natural family planning users in Germany and its changes over  time","headline":"Sexual behavior of natural family planning users in Germany and its changes over  time","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sexual-behavior-of-natural-family-planning-users-in-germany-and-its-changes-over-rectbml5sabbhuyhd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C Gnoth","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6329-4075","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Petra Frank‐Herrmann","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1322-0366","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Petra Frank-Herrmann","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0330-0741","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Gynaecological Endocrinology and Fertility Disorders, University of Heidelberg, Vossstrasse 9, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany. petra.frank-herrmann@med.uni-heidelberg.de","sameAs":"https://ror.org/038t36y30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Günter Freundl","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Godehardt","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Kunert","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82"}}],"datePublished":"1995-06-01","abstract":"For 10 years, a prospective study has been taking place in Germany to examine the use of natural family planning (NFP). As natural methods are behavioral methods, use-effectiveness, acceptability and continuation rates are very much influenced by patterns of sexual behavior. Therefore we performed an analysis of the sexual behavior of NFP users. Out of the data base of 1211 clients and 12,591 cycles we could identify a group of 300 women, all NFP beginners, with 5900 contraceptive cycles, who contributed at least 12 cycles with reliable recording of their sexual activity. Different groups were analyzed with methods of analysis of variance and regression models to find out significant differences in their sexual behavior with respect to sociodemographic structure and time of use. Nearly half of all the women systematically combine the fertility awareness part of NFP with other family planning methods. They use barriers in more than 60% of their cycles. The other half never or only in about 7% of their cycles use additional barrier methods. The latter show a clear decrease in barrier use in the course of time, whereas the frequent barrier users constantly combine the advantages of two family planning methods. Regarding the frequency of intercourse they are the sexually more active ones and show distinct sociodemographic characteristics. We could confirm the existence of three groups of NFP users, which differ significantly in their use of NFP as a family planning method. Despite these differences the low pregnancy rates indicate the conscious and risk-related sexual behavior of the group members.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Advances in Contraception : the Official Journal of the Society for the  Advancement of Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"173","pageEnd":"185","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01987282","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71568970"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/BF01987282"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7491858"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71568970"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sperm-binding-to-the-human-zona-pellucida-after-migration-through-human-cervical-mucus-rec2ktfmzjlezx7zh/","name":"Sperm binding to the human zona pellucida after migration through human cervical mucus","headline":"Sperm binding to the human zona pellucida after migration through human cervical mucus","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sperm-binding-to-the-human-zona-pellucida-after-migration-through-human-cervical-mucus-rec2ktfmzjlezx7zh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Morales","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7290-7029","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rosa Riquelme","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}}],"datePublished":"1995-06-01","abstract":"During lactational amenorrhea a special type of cervical mucus, similar to that found during the luteal phase, is produced. This mucus, however, is able to support sperm migration. In the study described, the ability of spermatozoa to bind to the human zona pellucida (hZP) after migration through periovulatory and post-partum mucus was studied. Mucus was obtained from exclusively breastfeeding women in amenorrhea at 30, 60, 120 and 180 days post-partum. Periovulatory mucus samples from normally cycling women were used as a control. Flat capillary tubes were filled with BWW culture medium at the top and cervical mucus at the bottom. The tubes were immersed in a semen reservoir and the spermatozoa allowed to migrate through the mucus for 3 h into the culture media. Then the spermatozoa were coincubated with 3-4 hZP for 30 min and the number of bound spermatozoa per zona was counted. Periovulatory cervical mucus had an average Insler score of 14 +/- 0.5 as compared to 4.6 +/- 0.4 for post-partum mucus. Spermatozoa recovered from periovulatory mucus were always able to bind to the hZP in only 68 +/- 7% of the cases. Moreover, spermatozoa recovered from post-partum mucus bound to the ZP in lower numbers than did spermatozoa recovered fro periovulatory mucus (p < 0.03). These results suggest a greater ability of sperm-hZP binding after migration through periovulatory mucus and they also indicate that sperm binding to the ZP is possible even after sperm migration through a low quality mucus.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18 Suppl 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International journal of andrology"}},"pageStart":"7","pageEnd":"11","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2605.1995.tb00631.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49052172"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1365-2605.1995.tb00631.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7558393"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q49052172"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/medroxyprogesterone-increases-basal-temperature-a-placebo-controlled-crossover-t-recouyctmtfkyesq1/","name":"Medroxyprogesterone increases basal temperature: a placebo-controlled crossover  trial in postmenopausal women","headline":"Medroxyprogesterone increases basal temperature: a placebo-controlled crossover  trial in postmenopausal women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/medroxyprogesterone-increases-basal-temperature-a-placebo-controlled-crossover-t-recouyctmtfkyesq1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan I Barr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8701-7152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D W McKay","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y M Vigna","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8840-192X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"1995-06-01","abstract":"Objective: To assess whether temperature is increased by medroxyprogesterone (MPA) and thus whether basal temperature records could be used to determine ovulation during cyclic MPA therapy.\nDesign: A 2-month double-blind placebo-controlled crossover trial in which oral basal temperature was measured daily.\nSetting: Normal human volunteers in an academic medical environment.\n\nSubjects: Eleven postmenopausal women not taking gonadal hormones.\n\nIntervention: Medroxyprogesterone acetate (10 mg/d) or placebo, calendar days 16 to 25, with crossover.\n\nMain Outcome Measures: Comparison of mean temperature days 17 to 26 during MPA versus placebo; comparison of differences between temperatures days 7 to 16 and 17 to 26 in MPA versus placebo months; and analysis for a significant monthly thermal shift.\n\nResults: The mean temperatures during MPA treatment averaged 0.27 degrees C higher than during the placebo phase and showed a significant change from pretreatment to \"treatment\" phases during MPA but not during placebo cycles. Eight of the MPA and one of the placebo cycles showed a shift from lower to higher temperatures days 16 to 25.\n\nConclusions: Medroxyprogesterone acetate has a physiological progesterone-like thermal effect. Therefore basal temperature data cannot reliably indicate ovulation during cyclic MPA administration.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"63","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1222","pageEnd":"1226","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/S0015-0282(16)57601-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38508988"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/S0015-0282(16)57601-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7750591"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38508988"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/catalase-activity-as-a-predictor-of-amniotic-fluid-culture-results-in-preterm-la-reckoxqqoyorhy8hr/","name":"Catalase activity as a predictor of amniotic fluid culture results in preterm labor or premature rupture of membranes","headline":"Catalase activity as a predictor of amniotic fluid culture results in preterm labor or premature rupture of membranes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/catalase-activity-as-a-predictor-of-amniotic-fluid-culture-results-in-preterm-la-reckoxqqoyorhy8hr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Guillermina Font","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4282-1205","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Chicago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Bieniarz"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D W Gauthier"},{"@type":"Person","name":"W Janda"},{"@type":"Person","name":"W J Meyer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9017-5379"},{"@type":"Person","name":"T D Myles"}],"datePublished":"1995-05-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate catalase activity as a rapid predictor of microbial invasion of amniotic fluid (AF).\n\nMETHODS: The study population consisted of 74 patients before 36 weeks' gestation with preterm labor or premature rupture of membranes (PROM). Subjects were excluded if there was evidence of clinical chorioamnionitis or fetal distress at admission. Amniocentesis was done within 24 hours of admission, and the AF was cultured for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and for Mycoplasma species. All AF samples were Gram stained, and slides were examined by microbiology technologists. Amniotic fluid catalase activity was measured immediately after amniocentesis using a commercially available kit. The sensitivity of the Gram stain and catalase activity were compared using McNemar exact test.\n\nRESULTS: Amniotic fluid cultures were positive in 12 of 37 (32%) patients presenting with preterm labor and in 21 of 37 (56%) patients with PROM. Catalase activity was significantly more sensitive than Gram stain in detecting positive AF cultures in cases of PROM (P < .001) and preterm labor (P < .04).\n\nCONCLUSION: Catalase activity is a simple, rapid test that is useful in identifying subclinical intra-amniotic infection in patients with preterm labor or PROM.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"85","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5 Pt 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"656","pageEnd":"658","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0029-7844(95)00026-n","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71689434"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0029-7844(95)00026-n"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7536907"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71689434"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estrogen-and-progesterone-receptors-of-the-out-of-phase-endometrium-in-female-in-recobodpj7edahand/","name":"Estrogen and progesterone receptors of the out-of-phase endometrium in female infertile patients","headline":"Estrogen and progesterone receptors of the out-of-phase endometrium in female infertile patients","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estrogen-and-progesterone-receptors-of-the-out-of-phase-endometrium-in-female-in-recobodpj7edahand/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"K Ochiai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5467-1756","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jikei University School of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/039ygjf22"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y Hirama","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jikei University School of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/039ygjf22"}}],"datePublished":"1995-05-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To examine the role of steroid hormone receptor compartmentalization in infertile women with \"in-phase\" or \"out-of-phase\" endometrium.\n\nDESIGN: Nonrandomized prospective clinical study.\n\nSETTING: A university clinic.\n\nPATIENTS: Twenty-nine infertile patients without evidence of endometriosis, tubal factor, male factor, galactorrhea, or hyperandrogenism were enrolled. Sixteen patients had in-phase endometrium and a P level > or = 10 ng/mL (conversion factor to SI unit, 3.18) (group A). Four patients had out-of-phase endometrium and a P level > 10 ng/mL (group B). Four patients had in-phase endometrium and a P level < 10 ng/mL (group C), and five patients had out-of-phase endometrium and a P level < 10 ng/mL (group D).\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Each patient underwent determination of serum P and endometrial sampling on postovulatory days 6 to 9 based on serum LH measurement. Dating according to endometrial histology and biochemical assessment of estrogen receptor (ER) and P receptor (PR) were performed on each sample.\n\nRESULTS: The level of cytosol ER was significantly lower in out-of-phase endometrium regardless of serum P level. There were no significant differences in the levels of cytosol PR and nuclear ER and PR among groups. In a long-term follow-up study, 6 of 29 patients became pregnant. The cytosol ER:PR ratio in these patients was found to fit a single straight regression line (y = 0.34x - 2.2).\n\nCONCLUSION: Out-of-phase endometrium probably depends on inadequate cytosol ER. An appropriate cytosol ER:PR ratio may be important to become pregnant.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"63","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"984","pageEnd":"988","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)57534-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47337126"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)57534-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7720943"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47337126"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/markers-of-infection-and-their-relationship-to-preterm-delivery-recrkdmhbqovxvcuc/","name":"Markers of infection and their relationship to preterm delivery","headline":"Markers of infection and their relationship to preterm delivery","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/markers-of-infection-and-their-relationship-to-preterm-delivery-recrkdmhbqovxvcuc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"D. Liedekerke"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Naessens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2527-860X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bipar","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027364b18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Decatte"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Demanet","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bipar","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027364b18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Dewaele","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bipar","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027364b18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W Foulon","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","sameAs":"https://ror.org/006e5kg04"}}],"datePublished":"1995-05-01","abstract":"In this study we evaluated different markers of infection and their relationship to preterm delivery. Forty-four consecutive women with singleton pregnancies in uncomplicated preterm labor were investigated. C-reactive protein (CRP) in peripheral maternal blood, amniotic fluid cytokines, amniotic fluid leukocyte count, and amniotic fluid culture were performed in all patients. Thirty-six patients responded to standard tocolytic therapy and delivered after 34 weeks' gestation. In eight patients treatment failed and they delivered before 34 weeks' gestation. Two of these eight patients had a positive amniotic fluid culture for Ureaplasma urealyticum. The positive culture was accompanied by an elevated neutrophil count in the amniotic fluid. Elevated amniotic fluid levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) (more than 23 pg/mL), interleukin-6 (IL-6) (more than 2292 pg/mL) and interleukin-8 (more than 164 pg/mL) correlated with early preterm delivery. CRP levels in serum had a low sensitivity (38%) but a high specificity (94%) in predicting preterm delivery. This study indicates that preterm labor can be initiated by infection. Markers of infection obtained by amniocentesis have a better sensitivity and positive predictive value than noninvasive markers. Elevated IL-6 (more than 2292 pg/mL) seems to be the best predictor for preterm delivery, with a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 97%.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Perinatology"}}},"pageStart":"208","pageEnd":"211","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-994454","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44572509"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1055/s-2007-994454"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7612097"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44572509"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/infertility-and-early-pregnancy-loss-recsskfk472egtil2/","name":"Infertility and early pregnancy loss","headline":"Infertility and early pregnancy loss","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/infertility-and-early-pregnancy-loss-recsskfk472egtil2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R B Hakim","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5478-2657","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Howard A. Zacur","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ronald H Gray","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1952-6507","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}}],"datePublished":"1995-05-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: We describe the epidemiologic characteristics of conception, including subclinical early pregnancy loss, in a population of healthy women volunteers who had heterogeneous fertility experiences, and we describe the conception experience of women within this group who had evidence of impaired fertility.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: This was a prospective observational study of a cohort of women employed in two semiconductor manufacturing facilities. A total of 148 volunteers completed interviews and daily diaries and collected daily urine specimens for an average of 7 months. Conception, including subclinical losses and clinical pregnancies, was determined with a highly sensitive and specific assay for urinary human chorionic gonadotropin, and ovulation was determined with assays of urinary ovarian steroid hormones.\n\nRESULTS: There were 679 menstrual cycles at risk for pregnancy contributed by 124 (84%) of the 148 women. Women with evidence of subfertility before or during the study period had a rate of early pregnancy loss of 70% compared with 21% in women without fertility problems (relative risk 2.6, 95% confidence interval 1.8 to 3.8). The risk of pregnancy loss associated with subfertility increased with age and remained the same in women treated with clomiphene citrate.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that subfertile women have increased subclinical pregnancy losses regardless of fertility treatment and that the association between reduced fertility and advancing age may be related, in part, to early subclinical pregnancy loss.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"172","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1510","pageEnd":"1517","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(95)90489-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72248690"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(95)90489-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7755065"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72248690"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/expanded-polytetrafluoroethylene-gore-tex-surgical-membrane-is-superior-to-oxidi-rec6shd7ppbhsjv9p/","name":"Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (Gore-Tex Surgical Membrane) is superior to oxidized regenerated cellulose (Interceed TC7+) in preventing adhesions","headline":"Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (Gore-Tex Surgical Membrane) is superior to oxidized regenerated cellulose (Interceed TC7+) in preventing adhesions","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/expanded-polytetrafluoroethylene-gore-tex-surgical-membrane-is-superior-to-oxidi-rec6shd7ppbhsjv9p/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hesla J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bradley S. Hurst","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2271-4277"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kettel LM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Murphy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1296-8855"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A F Haney","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J A Rock","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9970-8417","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Rowe","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W D Schlaff"}],"datePublished":"1995-05-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To compare the impact of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE; Gore-Tex Surgical Membrane; W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc., Flagstaff, AZ) and oxidized regenerated cellulose (Interceed TC7, Johnson & Johnson Medical, Inc., Arlington, TX) on the development of postsurgical adhesions.\n\nDESIGN: A multicenter, nonblinded, randomized clinical trial.\n\nSETTING: University medical centers.\n\nINTERVENTIONS: Each barrier was allocated randomly to the left or right sidewall of every patient.\n\nPATIENTS: Thirty-two women with bilateral pelvic sidewall adhesions undergoing reconstructive surgery and second-look laparoscopy.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Adhesion score (on a 0- to 11-point scale), the area of adhesion (cm2), and the likelihood of no adhesions.\n\nRESULTS: The use of both barriers was associated with a lower adhesion score and area of adhesion postoperatively. However, those sidewalls covered with PTFE had a significantly lower adhesion score (0.97 +/- 0.30 versus 4.76 +/- 0.61 points, mean +/- SEM) and area of adhesion (0.95 +/- 0.35 versus 3.25 +/- 0.62 cm2). Overall, more sidewalls covered with PTFE had no adhesions (21 versus 7) and, when adhesions were present on the contralateral sidewall, the number of sidewalls covered with PTFE without adhesions was greater than those covered with oxidized regenerated cellulose (16 versus 2).\n\nCONCLUSION: Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene was associated with fewer postsurgical adhesions to the pelvic sidewall than oxidized regenerated cellulose.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"63","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1021","pageEnd":"1026","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-placental-clock-controlling-the-length-of-human-pregnancy-rec24vx8aafssdmyw/","name":"A placental clock controlling the length of human pregnancy","headline":"A placental clock controlling the length of human pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-placental-clock-controlling-the-length-of-human-pregnancy-rec24vx8aafssdmyw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M McLean","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4076-2993","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Maternal Health Research Centre, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, NSW, Australia."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Smith","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"John Hunter Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0187t0j49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Bisits","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"John Hunter Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0187t0j49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Davies","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6740-6430","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"John Hunter Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0187t0j49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Lowry","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6429-6513","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Reading","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05v62cm79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Woods","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Reading","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05v62cm79"}}],"datePublished":"1995-05-01","abstract":"We report the existence of a 'placental clock', which is active from an early stage in human pregnancy and determines the length of gestation and the timing of parturition and delivery. Using a prospective, longitudinal cohort study of 485 pregnant women we have demonstrated that placental secretion of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) is a marker of this process and that measurement of the maternal plasma CRH concentration as early as 16-20 weeks of gestation identifies groups of women who are destined to experience normal term, preterm or post-term delivery. Further, we report that the exponential rise in maternal plasma CRH concentrations with advancing pregnancy is associated with a concomitant fall in concentrations of the specific CRH binding protein in late pregnancy, leading to a rapid increase in circulating levels of bioavailable CRH at a time that coincides with the onset of parturition, suggesting that CRH may act directly as a trigger for parturition in humans.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nature Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"460","pageEnd":"463","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1038/nm0595-460","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24313192"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/nm0595-460"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7585095"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q24313192"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/melatonin-enhances-the-luteinizing-hormone-and-folliclestimulation-hormone-respo-6hrvji26/","name":"Melatonin enhances the luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone responses to gonadotropin-releasing hormone in the follicular, but not in the luteal, menstrual phase","headline":"Melatonin enhances the luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone responses to gonadotropin-releasing hormone in the follicular, but not in the luteal, menstrual phase","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/melatonin-enhances-the-luteinizing-hormone-and-folliclestimulation-hormone-respo-6hrvji26/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Angelo Cagnacci","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2714-623X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02"}}],"datePublished":"1995-04-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"80","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &amp; Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"1095","pageEnd":"1099","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.80.4.1095","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jc.80.4.1095"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polycystic-ovary-disease-a-risk-factor-for-gestational-diabetes-recm8swsicysqh5pa/","name":"Polycystic ovary disease. A risk factor for gestational diabetes?","headline":"Polycystic ovary disease. A risk factor for gestational diabetes?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polycystic-ovary-disease-a-risk-factor-for-gestational-diabetes-recm8swsicysqh5pa/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"De Carolis S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2970-2797"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Caruso","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4922-2256","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Di Simone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3546-6604","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Maria Fulghesu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8116-3968","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonio Lanzone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4119-414X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oasi Maria SS","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dqmaq38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Mancuso","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1752-3986","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}}],"datePublished":"1995-04-01","abstract":"We investigated the impact of pregestationally elevated insulin plasma levels on glycemic control in pregnant women with polycystic ovary disease (PCOD). Twelve patients with PCOD who became pregnant within six months following evaluation of their metabolic status were the study subjects. Four were obese and six (two obese) had a hyperinsulinemic response to the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). They were tested with the OGTT at 28-30 weeks of gestation. We also tested 12 normal patients and 10 consecutive patients with gestational diabetes; all were at the same gestational age. Plasma levels of insulin and glucose were determined in the samples collected for a period of four hours after glucose load (100 g). All PCOD patients significantly increased their insulin secretion in pregnancy. The hyperinsulinemic PCOD patients developed gestational diabetes (two patients) and impaired gestational glucose tolerance (three patients). The area under the insulin curve was greater in PCOD patients than in control and gestational diabetes patients (P < .01). In spite of their large increase in insulin secretion observed during pregnancy, patients with PCOD may develop a derangement of glycemic control, probably related to their pregestational insulinemic status.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"40","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"312","pageEnd":"316","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/influences-of-percutaneous-administration-of-estradiol-and-progesterone-on-human-recbx7kodgqvzcbhn/","name":"Influences of percutaneous administration of estradiol and progesterone on human breast epithelial cell cycle in vivo","headline":"Influences of percutaneous administration of estradiol and progesterone on human breast epithelial cell cycle in vivo","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/influences-of-percutaneous-administration-of-estradiol-and-progesterone-on-human-recbx7kodgqvzcbhn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Chang KJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Terry Lee","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1878-0298","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centre for Advancing Health Outcomes","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04g6gva85"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bruno de Lignières","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05tr67282"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Fournier","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05tr67282"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Linares-Cruz G","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0447-2163"}],"datePublished":"1995-04-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of E2 and P on the epithelial cell cycle of normal human breast in vivo.\n\nDESIGN: Double-blind, randomized study. Topical application to the breast of a gel containing either a placebo, E2, P, or a combination of E2 and P, daily, during the 10 to 13 days preceding breast surgery.\n\nPATIENTS: Forty premenopausal women undergoing breast surgery for the removal of a lump. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES. Plasma and breast tissue concentrations of E2 and P. Epithelial cell cycle evaluated in normal breast tissue areas by counting mitoses and proliferating cell nuclear antigen immunostaining quantitative analyses.\n\nRESULTS: Increased E2 concentration increases the number of cycling epithelial cells. Increased P concentration significantly decreases the number of cycling epithelial cells.\n\nCONCLUSION: Exposure to P for 10 to 13 days reduces E2-induced proliferation of normal breast epithelial cells in vivo.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"63","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"785","pageEnd":"791","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/visual-disturbance-secondary-to-clomiphene-citrate-recohunqugwkztmug/","name":"Visual disturbance secondary to clomiphene citrate","headline":"Visual disturbance secondary to clomiphene citrate","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/visual-disturbance-secondary-to-clomiphene-citrate-recohunqugwkztmug/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"V A Purvin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Midwest Eye Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02ah36853"}}],"datePublished":"1995-04-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To identify a distinctive constellation of persistent visual abnormalities secondary to treatment with clomiphene citrate.\n\nDESIGN: Description of the clinical findings in three patients with visual disturbance secondary to clomiphene treatment.\n\nSETTING: A neuro-ophthalmology referral center.\n\nPATIENTS: Three women aged 32 to 36 years treated for infertility with clomiphene for 4 to 15 months.\n\nRESULTS: All three patients experienced prolonged afterimages (palinopsia), shimmering of the peripheral field, and photophobia while undergoing treatment with clomiphene. The results of the neuro-ophthalmologic examination and electrophysiologic studies were normal in all three patients. Unlike previously reported cases, visual symptoms did not resolve on cessation of treatment. Patients remain symptomatic from 2 to 7 years after discontinuing treatment with the medication.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Treatment with clomiphene can cause prolonged visual disturbance. Patients who develop such symptoms should be advised that continued administration may cause irreversible changes. Women with characteristic visual symptoms should be questioned about past use of clomiphene.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"113","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Archives of Ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960)"}}},"pageStart":"482","pageEnd":"484","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1001/archopht.1995.01100040102034","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34308119"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/archopht.1995.01100040102034"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7710399"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34308119"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polycystic-ovary-disease-a-risk-factor-for-gestational-diabetes-cpsjym2u/","name":"Polycystic ovary disease. A risk factor for gestational diabetes?","headline":"Polycystic ovary disease. A risk factor for gestational diabetes?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polycystic-ovary-disease-a-risk-factor-for-gestational-diabetes-cpsjym2u/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonio Lanzone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4119-414X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oasi Maria SS","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dqmaq38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Caruso","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4922-2256","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Di Simone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3546-6604","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"De Carolis S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2970-2797"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Maria Fulghesu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8116-3968","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Mancuso","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1752-3986","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}}],"datePublished":"1995-04-01","abstract":"We investigated the impact of pregestationally elevated insulin plasma levels on glycemic control in pregnant women with polycystic ovary disease (PCOD). Twelve patients with PCOD who became pregnant within six months following evaluation of their metabolic status were the study subjects. Four were obese and six (two obese) had a hyperinsulinemic response to the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). They were tested with the OGTT at 28-30 weeks of gestation. We also tested 12 normal patients and 10 consecutive patients with gestational diabetes; all were at the same gestational age. Plasma levels of insulin and glucose were determined in the samples collected for a period of four hours after glucose load (100 g). All PCOD patients significantly increased their insulin secretion in pregnancy. The hyperinsulinemic PCOD patients developed gestational diabetes (two patients) and impaired gestational glucose tolerance (three patients). The area under the insulin curve was greater in PCOD patients than in control and gestational diabetes patients (P < .01). In spite of their large increase in insulin secretion observed during pregnancy, patients with PCOD may develop a derangement of glycemic control, probably related to their pregestational insulinemic status.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"40","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of reproductive medicine"}}},"pageStart":"312","pageEnd":"6","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71924999","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7623362"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71924999"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/salpingitis-isthmica-nodosa-results-of-transcervical-fluoroscopic-catheter-recan-recjtjovd16a3b71h/","name":"Salpingitis isthmica nodosa: results of transcervical fluoroscopic catheter recanalization","headline":"Salpingitis isthmica nodosa: results of transcervical fluoroscopic catheter recanalization","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/salpingitis-isthmica-nodosa-results-of-transcervical-fluoroscopic-catheter-recan-recjtjovd16a3b71h/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Burry KA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Novy MJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A S Thurmond","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Legacy Meridian Park Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05kwbcj56"}}],"datePublished":"1995-04-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of transcervical tubal catheterization in diagnosis and treatment of proximal tubal obstruction associated with salpingitis isthmica nodosa.\n\nDESIGN: Retrospective case study.\n\nSETTING: University hospital and outpatient radiology practice.\n\nPATIENTS: Fifty-two women with proximal tubal obstruction associated with salpingitis isthmica nodosa.\n\nINTERVENTION: Selective salpingography and catheter recanalization using fluoroscopic guidance.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The number of tubes visualized to the fimbria as a percentage of the tubes with proximal tubal obstruction on the initial hysterosalpingogram was determined as a measure of diagnostic efficacy. To evaluate the treatment potential of catheter recanalization, the patients were grouped according to tubal status at the conclusion of the procedure and subsequent pregnancies were evaluated.\n\nRESULTS: Forty-seven of 65 tubes (72%) with proximal tubal obstruction were recanalized successfully. Among the 19 women who were able to conceive only via a recanalized salpingitis isthmica nodosa tube, there were 6 live births (32%) and two tubal pregnancies (10%).\n\nCONCLUSION: Selective salpingography allows complete tubal diagnosis in almost three fourths of patients with proximal tubal obstruction and salpingitis isthmica nodosa. The radiographic diagnosis of salpingitis isthmica nodosa may be pressure dependent. Intrauterine pregnancies occur via recanalized salpingitis isthmica nodosa tubes, therefore catheter recanalization may be attempted before tubal microsurgery or IVF in patients with proximal tubal obstruction and associated salpingitis isthmica nodosa.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"63","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"715","pageEnd":"722","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-efficacy-of-interceedtc7-for-prevention-of-reformation-of-postoperative-adhe-recbcccbfty1u6bvv/","name":"The efficacy of Interceed(TC7)* for prevention of reformation of postoperative adhesions on ovaries, fallopian tubes, and fimbriae in microsurgical operations for fertility: a multicenter study. Nordic Adhesion Prevention Study Group","headline":"The efficacy of Interceed(TC7)* for prevention of reformation of postoperative adhesions on ovaries, fallopian tubes, and fimbriae in microsurgical operations for fertility: a multicenter study. Nordic Adhesion Prevention Study Group","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-efficacy-of-interceedtc7-for-prevention-of-reformation-of-postoperative-adhe-recbcccbfty1u6bvv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Nordic Adhesion Prevention Study Group"}],"datePublished":"1995-04-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of Interceed as an adjuvant in the prevention of postoperative adhesion reformation to the ovary, fallopian tube, and fimbria when used together with microsurgical techniques.\n\nDESIGN: Prospective, randomized, multicenter, controlled clinical study.\n\nSETTING: Normal human volunteers in an academic research environment.\n\nPATIENTS: Sixty-six women suffering from infertility due at least in part to bilateral tubal disease with bilateral adhesions attached to ovaries, fallopian tubes, and fimbriae.\n\nINTERVENTION: Adhesiolysis bilaterly through laparotomy with microsurgical techniques, application of Interceed on one of the sides randomly assigned not known by the surgeon before application, follow-up laparoscopy 4 to 10 weeks postoperatively, with each patient serving as her own control.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Adhesion severity scores at all sites and number of adhesion free organs after laparotomy and follow-up laparoscopy.\n\nRESULTS: When the initial scores registered at the operation for fertility were compared with those registered at the second-look laparoscopy, the results indicated that gentle microsurgical techniques resulted in a significant reduction of postoperative adhesions. Adnexa, which were covered with Interceed, had significantly lower adhesion scores than the control adnexa, representing an improvement of 39% compared with microsurgery alone (control) in reducing adhesion reformation scores. When combined with microsurgical techniques, Interceed reduced adhesion reformation scores by 70%. The number of ovaries, fallopian tubes, and fimbriae without adhesions at the time of second-look laparoscopy was significantly increased by approximately twofold when organs were covered with Interceed.\n\nCONCLUSION: In a prospective, randomized, multicenter, controlled clinical study using a protocol in which other adjuvants have been shown not to be efficacious, Interceed was shown to reduce significantly the incidence and severity of adhesion reformation to the ovary, fallopian tube, and fimbria after infertility surgery.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"63","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"709","pageEnd":"714","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/an-expanded-polytetrafluoroethylene-barrier-gore-tex-surgical-membrane-reduces-p-recyfdzzgeqcv6ueg/","name":"An expanded polytetrafluoroethylene barrier (Gore-Tex Surgical Membrane) reduces post-myomectomy adhesion formation. The Myomectomy Adhesion Multicenter Study Group","headline":"An expanded polytetrafluoroethylene barrier (Gore-Tex Surgical Membrane) reduces post-myomectomy adhesion formation. The Myomectomy Adhesion Multicenter Study Group","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/an-expanded-polytetrafluoroethylene-barrier-gore-tex-surgical-membrane-reduces-p-recyfdzzgeqcv6ueg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Myomectomy Adhesion Multicenter Study Group"}],"datePublished":"1995-03-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of the expanded polytetrafluoroethylene barrier (PTFE), Gore-Tex Surgical Membrane, in reducing postmyomectomy adhesion formation.\n\nDESIGN: Multicenter randomized clinical trial.\n\nINTERVENTIONS: Twenty-seven women having myomectomy with at least two incisions on the uterine fundus and posterior uterine wall of similar length were enrolled in the study. At laparotomy, the two incision sites were randomly assigned to be covered with PTFE or were left uncovered. A second-look laparoscopy to evaluate adhesion formation and to lyse adhesions was done from 2 to 6 weeks after the myomectomy. Adhesions were scored using a 0- to 11-point scoring system.\n\nRESULTS: At laparoscopy, 15 of 27 incisions covered with PTFE (55.6%) and only 2 of 27 uncovered sites (7.4%) were completely free of adhesions. The mean adhesion score at the PTFE sites was significantly lower (1.88 +/- 0.46; SEM) than at the control sites (7.55 +/- 0.57).\n\nCONCLUSION: The PTFE barrier is effective in reducing postmyomectomy adhesion formation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"63","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"491","pageEnd":"493","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/integrins-as-markers-of-uterine-receptivity-in-women-with-primary-unexplained-in-reclontng6doezrkb/","name":"Integrins as markers of uterine receptivity in women with primary unexplained infertility","headline":"Integrins as markers of uterine receptivity in women with primary unexplained infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/integrins-as-markers-of-uterine-receptivity-in-women-with-primary-unexplained-in-reclontng6doezrkb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sawin SW"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A J Castelbaum"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bruce A Lessey","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8451-2817","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of South Carolina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02b6qw903"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Sun","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3854-0544"}],"datePublished":"1995-03-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To assess uterine receptivity in women with unexplained infertility using integrin cell adhesion molecules as markers.\n\nDESIGN: Prospective, controlled study design.\n\nPATIENTS: Eighty-seven nulliparous women with unexplained infertility and 32 fertile and infertile parous controls.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Immunohistochemical staining for alpha 1, alpha 4, and beta 3 integrin subunits in endometrial biopsies obtained during the window of implantation (days 20 to 24), using the semiquantitative HSCORE by two observers in a blinded fashion.\n\nRESULTS: All endometrial biopsies from parous controls contained positive immunostaining for the alpha 1, and beta 3 integrin subunits in glandular epithelium. Some samples from parous controls were missing the alpha 4 subunit. In contrast, compared with parous controls, biopsies from women with unexplained infertility had reduced significantly beta 3 expression, with similar expression of alpha 1 and alpha 4. Two distinct defects in integrin expression were identified: \"out-of-phase\" samples that lacked beta 3 because of histologic lag (type I defects) and \"in-phase\" endometrium that still failed to express this integrin (type II defects). These subclassifications accounted for 26% and 39% of the total unexplained infertility group, respectively.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Abnormal endometrial integrin expression was a frequent finding in women with unexplained infertility. These data suggest that defective uterine receptivity may be an unrecognized cause of infertility in this population of women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"63","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"535","pageEnd":"542","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-menstrual-cycle-phase-on-athletic-performance-recvh7u1ac4vlobby/","name":"Effects of menstrual cycle phase on athletic performance","headline":"Effects of menstrual cycle phase on athletic performance","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-menstrual-cycle-phase-on-athletic-performance-recvh7u1ac4vlobby/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C M Lebrun","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2796-8471","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fowler Kennedy Sport Medicine Clinic 3M Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada. clebrun@uwo.ca"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Donald C McKenzie","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0400-627X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Western University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02grkyz14"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J E Taunton","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1222-1906"}],"datePublished":"1995-03-01","abstract":"The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of menstrual cycle phase on four selected indices of athletic performance: aerobic capacity, anaerobic capacity, isokinetic strength, and high intensity endurance. Sixteen eumenorrheic women (VO2max > or = 50 ml.kg-1.min-1) were tested during the early follicular (F) and midluteal (L) phases of the menstrual cycle. Cycle phases were confirmed by serum estradiol and progesterone assays. No significant differences were observed between F and L tests in weight, percent body fat, sum of skinfolds, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, maximum heart rate, maximum minute ventilation, maximum respiratory exchange ratio, anaerobic performance, endurance time to fatigue (at 90% of VO2max), or isokinetic strength of knee flexion and extension. Both absolute and relative VO2max, however, were slightly lower in L than in F (F = 3.19 +/- 0.09.min-1, L = 3.13 +/- 0.08.min-1, P = 0.04; and F = 53.7 +/- 0.9 ml.kg-1.min-1, L = 52.8 +/- 0.8 ml.kg-1.min-1, P = 0.06). These results suggest that the cyclic increases in endogenous female steroid hormones of an ovulatory menstrual cycle may have a slight, deleterious influence on aerobic capacity, with potential implications for individual athletes. Nevertheless, the cycle phase did not impact significantly on the majority of the other performance tests and cardiorespiratory variables measured in this study.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"27","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise"}}},"pageStart":"437","pageEnd":"444","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/first-admission-with-puerperal-psychosis-7-14-years-of-follow-up-recgb27tb4qkczgle/","name":"First admission with puerperal psychosis: 7-14 years of follow-up","headline":"First admission with puerperal psychosis: 7-14 years of follow-up","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/first-admission-with-puerperal-psychosis-7-14-years-of-follow-up-recgb27tb4qkczgle/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"P Videbech","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0127-4348","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department A, Arhus Psychiatric Hospital, Risskov, Denmark."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Gouliaev","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aarhus University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040r8fr65"}}],"datePublished":"1995-03-01","abstract":"The aim of this study was to investigate women who had first-episode psychosis within 1 year after parturition. The Danish Psychiatric Central Register and the Danish Medical Birth Register were linked to identify all women admitted for the first time to a psychiatric department in Arhus County with a psychotic episode. Fifty cases were found, giving a frequency of first-episode psychosis within 1 year after delivery of 1 per 1000. First-episode psychotic disease within the first month postpartum occurred in 1 case per 2000 deliveries. The age distribution corresponded to that of the background population, but the cases were primiparous more often than expected. The socioeconomic status was equal to that of a matched control group of obstetric patients. Birth complications did not occur more frequently than expected, but the probands had a higher risk of preterm delivery than the controls. The clinical picture of the index episode was that of manic-depressive psychosis in nearly half of the cases, but no cases of schizophrenia were found. Sixty percent of the patients had a picture of severe depression, and 20% suffered from manic disorder. The follow-up, 7 to 14 years later, was carried out by interviewing the general practitioners. Forty percent of the women had not preserved full working capacity due to mental disorder. Moreover, the follow-up pointed to schizophreniform symptoms at the index episode as a predictor of incapacity to work. Recurrences were very common (60%), especially of the nonpuerperal type, and half of the recurrences belonged to the manic-depressive disorders.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"91","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica"}}},"pageStart":"167","pageEnd":"173","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.1995.tb09761.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61629030"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1600-0447.1995.tb09761.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7625190"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q61629030"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovarian-tumors-in-infertile-women-recs3mavghbbvyiwt/","name":"Ovarian tumors in a cohort of infertile women","headline":"Ovarian tumors in a cohort of infertile women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovarian-tumors-in-infertile-women-recs3mavghbbvyiwt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"N S Weiss","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3987-5184","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Faculty of Public Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01zqv1s26"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Donald E. Moore","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6176-3920"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Steven G. Self","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Faculty of Public Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01zqv1s26"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Janet R Daling","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fred Hutch Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007ps6h72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M A Rossing","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Faculty of Public Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01zqv1s26"}}],"datePublished":"1995-02-08","abstract":"Background: Case reports and the results of a recent case-control study have raised questions about the potential neoplastic effects of medications used as treatment for infertility.\n\nMethods: We examined the risk of ovarian tumors in a cohort of 3837 women evaluated for infertility between 1974 and 1985 in Seattle. Computer linkage with a population-based tumor registry was used to identify women in whom tumors were diagnosed before January 1, 1992. Data on infertility testing and treatment were abstracted from the medical records of women who had ovarian cancer and those of a randomly selected comparison group. The risk of ovarian tumors associated with exposure to ovulation-inducing medications was assessed through an age-standardized comparison with the rate of ovarian tumors in the general population, and Cox regression analysis was used to compare the risk of cancer among women who received these medications with the risk among infertile women who did not receive them.\n\nResults: There were 11 invasive or borderline malignant ovarian tumors, as compared with an expected number of 4.4 (standardized incidence ratio, 2.5; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.3 to 4.5). Nine of the women in whom ovarian tumors developed had taken clomiphene; the adjusted relative risk among these women, as compared with that among infertile women who had not taken this drug, was 2.3 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.5 to 11.4). Five of the nine women had taken the drug during 12 or more monthly cycles. This period of treatment was associated with an increased risk of ovarian tumors among both women with ovarian abnormalities and those without apparent abnormalities (relative risk, 11.1; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.5 to 82.3), whereas treatment with the drug for less than one year was not associated with an increased risk.\n\nConclusions: Prolonged use of clomiphene may increase the risk of a borderline or invasive ovarian tumor.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"331","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England journal of medicine"}}},"pageStart":"771","pageEnd":"776","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199409223311204","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72139399"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJM199409223311204"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8065405"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72139399"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-estrogen-or-estrogenprogestin-regimens-on-heart-disease-risk-factors--recjsj63svwewme88/","name":"Effects of Estrogen or Estrogen/Progestin Regimens on Heart Disease Risk Factors in Postmenopausal Women","headline":"Effects of Estrogen or Estrogen/Progestin Regimens on Heart Disease Risk Factors in Postmenopausal Women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-estrogen-or-estrogenprogestin-regimens-on-heart-disease-risk-factors--recjsj63svwewme88/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"LaRosa J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Barnabei V"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Valery T. Miller"}],"datePublished":"1995-01-18","abstract":"Objective: To assess pairwise differences between placebo, unopposed estrogen, and each of three estrogen/progestin regimens on selected heart disease risk factors in healthy postmenopausal women.\nDesign: A 3-year, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.\n\nParticipants: A total of 875 healthy postmenopausal women aged 45 to 64 years who had no known contraindication to hormone therapy.\n\nIntervention: Participants were randomly assigned in equal numbers to the following groups: (1) placebo; (2) conjugated equine estrogen (CEE), 0.625 mg/d; (3) CEE, 0.625 mg/d plus cyclic medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), 10 mg/d for 12 d/mo; (4) CEE, 0.625 mg/d plus consecutive MPA, 2.5 mg/d; or (5) CEE, 0.625 mg/d plus cyclic micronized progesterone (MP), 200 mg/d for 12 d/mo. Primary Endpoints: Four endpoints were chosen to represent four biological systems related to the risk of cardiovascular disease: (1) high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), (2) systolic blood pressure, (3) serum insulin, and (4) fibrinogen. Analysis: Analyses presented are by intention to treat. P values for primary endpoints are adjusted for multiple comparisons; 95% confidence intervals around estimated effects were calculated without this adjustment.\n\nResults: Mean changes in HDL-C segregated treatment regimens into three statistically distinct groups: (1) placebo (decrease of 0.03 mmol/L [1.2 mg/dL]); (2) MPA regimens (increases of 0.03 to 0.04 mmol/L [1.2 to 1.6 mg/dL]); and (3) CEE with cyclic MP (increase of 0.11 mmol/L [4.1 mg/dL]) and CEE alone (increase of 0.14 mmol/L [5.6 mg/dL]). Active treatments decreased mean low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (0.37 to 0.46 mmol/L [14.5 to 17.7 mg/dL]) and increased mean triglyceride (0.13 to 0.15 mmol/L [11.4 to 13.7 mg/dL]) compared with placebo. Placebo was associated with a significantly greater increase in mean fibrinogen than any active treatment (0.10 g/L compared with -0.02 to 0.06 g/L); differences among active treatments were not significant. Systolic blood pressure increased and postchallenge insulin levels decreased during the trial, but neither varied significantly by treatment assignment. Compared with other active treatments, unopposed estrogen was associated with a significantly increased risk of adenomatous or atypical hyperplasia (34% vs 1%) and of hysterectomy (6% vs 1%). No other adverse effect differed by treatment assignment or hysterectomy status.\n\nConclusions: Estrogen alone or in combination with a progestin improves lipoproteins and lowers fibrinogen levels without detectable effects on postchallenge insulin or blood pressure. Unopposed estrogen is the optimal regimen for elevation of HDL-C, but the high rate of endometrial hyperplasia restricts use to women without a uterus. In women with a uterus, CEE with cyclic MP has the most favorable effect on HDL-C and no excess risk of endometrial hyperplasia.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"273","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA"}}},"pageStart":"199","pageEnd":"208","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1995.03520270033028","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56483516"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jama.1995.03520270033028"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7807658"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q56483516"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reproductive-health-and-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-recdmoq9flpqsfppr/","name":"Reproductive health and polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"Reproductive health and polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reproductive-health-and-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-recdmoq9flpqsfppr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mark Gibson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0657-5166","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Vermont","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0155zta11"}}],"datePublished":"1995-01-16","abstract":"Women with hyperandrogenic disorders represent a unique group among those with infertility due to anovulation. Although antiestrogens are effective in restoring ovulation in most women, it remains unclear whether these treatments restore fecundability per ovulatory cycle and the ability to maintain pregnancy in these individuals. Moreover, antiestrogens are ineffective in restoring ovulation in some hyperandrogenic anovulatory women, whose condition poses unique and vexing challenges for the infertility therapist. Gonadotropin treatment in antiestrogen-resistant women often leads to ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, which has been addressed by modification of dosing schedules (e.g., low-dose administration), pretreatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogs, and elimination of luteinizing hormone from the administered gonadotropins. Surgical reduction in ovarian volume has met with some success, although there may be a risk of inducing surgical adhesions of the adnexa. The second major reproductive adversity facing these patients is their elevated risk of endometrial cancer. Unopposed estrogen exposure probably contributes to this risk, but hyperandrogenicity and hyperinsulinism may act independently or in concert with estrogen to amplify the risk in these women. While the risks and strategies for preventive care in these women need to be better defined, reproductive health specialists are urged to continue using presently accepted measures, including education, to maintain these women's reproductive health.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"98","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1A","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The American Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"67S-75S","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9343(99)80061-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40572194"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0002-9343(99)80061-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7825642"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40572194"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/energy-intakes-are-higher-during-the-luteal-phase-of-ovulatory-menstrual-cycles-reckdmyiyo0ri4hh1/","name":"Energy intakes are higher during the luteal phase of ovulatory menstrual cycles","headline":"Energy intakes are higher during the luteal phase of ovulatory menstrual cycles","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/energy-intakes-are-higher-during-the-luteal-phase-of-ovulatory-menstrual-cycles-reckdmyiyo0ri4hh1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"K C Janelle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8005-3721"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan I Barr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8701-7152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"1995-01-01","abstract":"We compared energy and macronutrient intakes across the menstrual cycle in participants (n = 42) in a study that assessed the frequency of ovulatory disturbances in regularly cycling vegetarians and nonvegetarians. Women kept daily basal body temperature records for six consecutive menstrual cycles and provided 3-d diet records near the beginning, middle, and end of different cycles. On completion of the study, temperature records were quantitatively analyzed to determine whether cycles were ovulatory, and if so, the date the luteal phase began. Diet records kept near the beginning and end of cycles were matched with temperature analysis results, and women were grouped according to whether the end-of-cycle record was kept during the luteal phase of an ovulatory cycle (group 1, n = 29), or during an anovulatory cycle or before luteal phase onset of a short luteal phase cycle (group 2, n = 13). Group 1 had higher energy intakes during the luteal than during the follicular phase (9.27 +/- 2.69 vs 8.01 +/- 2.36 MJ/d, P < 0.0001), whereas intakes of group 2 did not differ across the cycle (7.91 +/- 2.18 vs 8.20 +/- 1.48 MJ/d, NS). Both groups' macronutrient intakes were similar in records kept near the beginning and end of cycles. Documentation of ovulation is necessary in studies assessing premenopausal women's energy intakes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"61","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"}}},"pageStart":"39","pageEnd":"43","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/61.1.39","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72419048"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/ajcn/61.1.39"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7825535"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72419048"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevention-of-postoperative-adhesions-recoyil46xs7tahwd/","name":"Prevention of postoperative adhesions","headline":"Prevention of postoperative adhesions","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevention-of-postoperative-adhesions-recoyil46xs7tahwd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A A Luciano","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7659-471X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UConn Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02kzs4y22"}}],"datePublished":"1995-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Endometriosis"},"pageStart":"193","pageEnd":"200","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8404-5_19","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/978-1-4613-8404-5_19"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/daily-plasma-estradiol-and-progesterone-levels-over-the-menstrual-cycle-and-thei-recablzwifa8wihya/","name":"Daily plasma estradiol and progesterone levels over the menstrual cycle and their relation to premenstrual symptoms","headline":"Daily plasma estradiol and progesterone levels over the menstrual cycle and their relation to premenstrual symptoms","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/daily-plasma-estradiol-and-progesterone-levels-over-the-menstrual-cycle-and-thei-recablzwifa8wihya/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E W Freeman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9210-1063","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pennsylvania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Redei","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pennsylvania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10"}}],"datePublished":"1995-01-01","abstract":"The present study extends a previous report of lower plasma ACTH levels in women with premenstrual syndrome (PMS) compared with asymptomatic controls. Plasma levels of estradiol and progesterone were measured daily in 10 women with confirmed PMS and 8 asymptomatic women. Daily symptom reports were maintained during the same menstrual cycle. Both estradiol and progesterone levels were consistently, but not significantly, higher throughout the cycle in PMS subjects compared with controls. From the follicular to the early luteal phase, estradiol levels were significantly higher in a previously defined PMS subgroup 2 with more severe symptoms throughout the cycle compared with both the less severe PMS subgroup 1 and controls. Progesterone levels were significantly and positively correlated with PMS symptoms along the entire menstrual cycle, preceding the symptoms by 5-7 days. These preliminary results provide support for the hypothesis that the presence of progesterone at early luteal phase levels is required for PMS symptoms to occur.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"20","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"259","pageEnd":"267","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4530(94)00057-h","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72304237"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0306-4530(94)00057-h"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7777654"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72304237"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/myomectomy-in-gynecologic-surgery-2nd-edition-rec9fbx6chtlbeose/","name":"Myomectomy in Gynecologic Surgery, 2nd Edition","headline":"Myomectomy in Gynecologic Surgery, 2nd Edition","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/myomectomy-in-gynecologic-surgery-2nd-edition-rec9fbx6chtlbeose/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sanz LE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hoyne PM"}],"datePublished":"1995-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteal-phase-defects-and-ectopic-pregnancy-reckq0c13rbzf2heh/","name":"Luteal phase defects and ectopic pregnancy","headline":"Luteal phase defects and ectopic pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteal-phase-defects-and-ectopic-pregnancy-reckq0c13rbzf2heh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Agnès Guillaume","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1350-6281","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ng7yn96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bernard J. Sicuranza","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ng7yn96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Benjamin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ng7yn96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Deutsch","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ng7yn96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Spitzer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ng7yn96"}}],"datePublished":"1995-01-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine whether luteal phase defect (LPD) may be an etiologic factor in ectopic pregnancy (EP).\n\nDESIGN: All patients who were seen over a 6-year period with the chief complaint of infertility underwent an extensive infertility workup and were followed prospectively. The diagnoses of the causes of infertility were assigned retrospectively.\n\nSETTING: Two hospital-based tertiary care reproductive endocrine-infertility units.\n\nPATIENTS: A total of 1,077 infertility patients were evaluated. Of the 633 who became pregnant, the infertility had been due to LPD in 51 and to anovulation in 210.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: All the infertility patients who became pregnant were followed to determine whether they miscarried, developed an EP, or had a viable birth. The incidence of EP and miscarriage in the patients whose infertility was found to be due to LPD were compared with a control group in whom the infertility was due to anovulation.\n\nRESULTS: The EP rate in the patients with LPD was significantly higher than in a control group whose infertility was due to anovulation (6 of 51 pregnancies versus 6 of 210 pregnancies, respectively). The spontaneous abortion rate in LPD cases also was highly significantly greater than in the control group (19 of 51 pregnancies versus 12 of 210 pregnancies, respectively). The EP and spontaneous abortion rates also were higher in patients with LPD who were untreated than in those who were treated.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that there is a significantly increased incidence of tubal EP in patients with LPD and that when patients with LPD become pregnant early ultrasound should be performed to rule out EP. The study also indicated that spontaneous abortion occurs in a significantly high percentage of LPD cases.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"63","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"30","pageEnd":"33","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)57292-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72370844"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)57292-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7805920"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72370844"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clinical-gynecologic-endocrinology-and-infertility-recy2mml7i2caj4yq/","name":"Clinical Gynecologic Endocrinology and Infertility","headline":"Clinical Gynecologic Endocrinology and Infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clinical-gynecologic-endocrinology-and-infertility-recy2mml7i2caj4yq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Elizabeth A. Kennard","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ohio State University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/020yh1f96"}}],"datePublished":"1995-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"31","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/1043-2760(95)90063-2","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/1043-2760(95)90063-2"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fetal-genital-effects-of-first-trimester-sex-hormone-exposure-a-meta-analysis-recouvgrtcotqd8f4/","name":"Fetal genital effects of first-trimester sex hormone exposure: a meta-analysis","headline":"Fetal genital effects of first-trimester sex hormone exposure: a meta-analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fetal-genital-effects-of-first-trimester-sex-hormone-exposure-a-meta-analysis-recouvgrtcotqd8f4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lalitha Raman‐Wilms","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1303-6163","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T R Einarson"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Koren","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2275-0713"},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Raman-Wilms","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Canada."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A L Tseng"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Wighardt"}],"datePublished":"1995-01-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine if first-trimester exposure to sex hormones, and oral contraceptives (OCs) specifically, is associated with an increased risk of external fetal genital malformations.\n\nDATA SOURCES: MEDLINE and Science Citation Index data bases were searched for the years 1966-1992 for relevant English-language articles on first-trimester sex-hormone exposure and fetal genital changes.\n\nMETHODS OF STUDY SELECTION: One hundred eighty-six articles were identified initially. Inclusion criteria were cohort or case-control studies, first-trimester sex-hormone exposure, and live infants or full-term stillborn infants with external genital malformations. Exclusion criteria were diethylstilbestrol exposure, spontaneous abortions, and teratogen exposure.\n\nDATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: The Methods section of each study was reviewed independently by two authors and two outside reviewers, using the above criteria. Fourteen studies, seven cohort and seven case-control, involving 65,567 women, met the criteria for meta-analysis. Extracted data were entered into 2 x 2 tables. The overall summary odds ratio (OR) was 1.09 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.90-1.32); subanalysis of OC exposure identified an OR of 0.98 (95% CI 0.24-3.94).\n\nCONCLUSION: There was no association between first-trimester exposure to sex hormones generally (or to OCs specifically) and external genital malformations. Thus, women exposed to sex hormones after conception may be assured there is no increased risk of fetal sexual malformation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"85","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"141","pageEnd":"149","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0029-7844(94)00341-a","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44023258"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0029-7844(94)00341-a"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7800312"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44023258"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gnrh-analogs-in-the-treatment-of-endometriosis-clinical-and-economic-considerati-rec9lk76dd19hdmi5/","name":"GnRH Analogs in the Treatment of Endometriosis: Clinical and Economic Considerations","headline":"GnRH Analogs in the Treatment of Endometriosis: Clinical and Economic Considerations","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gnrh-analogs-in-the-treatment-of-endometriosis-clinical-and-economic-considerati-rec9lk76dd19hdmi5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Trotter JP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J E Carter","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Irvine University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04ysmca02"}}],"datePublished":"1995-01-01","abstract":"This three-part study examined the reliability and validity of the civilian version of the Mississippi Scale for Combat-Related PTSD using data from the nonveteran participants in the National Vietnam Veterans Readjustment Study. The Civilian Mississippi Scale had a raw score distribution that was roughly symmetric, with an acceptable degree of dispersion and a reasonably high internal consistency reliability coefficient. Overall, however, measurement precision was weaker than that for the military version of the instrument, and confirmatory factor analytic findings differed from those found for the military version. Preliminary investigations of validity were in the form of correlations with indices of stressful life events, a PTSD symptom count, and measures of demoralization and active expression of hostility. The Civilian Mississippi Scale emerged from the various analyses as a PTSD measure with potential but requiring further validational study and perhaps some refinement.","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clomiphene-citrate-initiated-ovulation-the-state-of-the-art-in-wallach-ee-zacur--cfz5gwj4/","name":"Clomiphene Citrate – Initiated Ovulation: The State of the Art. In: Wallach EE, Zacur HA (Eds). Reproductive Medicine and Surgery","headline":"Clomiphene Citrate – Initiated Ovulation: The State of the Art. In: Wallach EE, Zacur HA (Eds). Reproductive Medicine and Surgery","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clomiphene-citrate-initiated-ovulation-the-state-of-the-art-in-wallach-ee-zacur--cfz5gwj4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E Y Adashi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7730-1192","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64"}}],"datePublished":"1995-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Mosby"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/early-adolescent-girls-understanding-of-menstruation-jlvclwgi/","name":"Early adolescent girls' understanding of menstruation","headline":"Early adolescent girls' understanding of menstruation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/early-adolescent-girls-understanding-of-menstruation-jlvclwgi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Koff E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rierdan J"}],"datePublished":"1995-01-01","abstract":"Sixth grade girls (N = 224) were queried about their preparation for and expectations about menarche, their parents' roles in preparation, and their understanding of the biological basis of menstruation, characteristics of the menstrual cycle, menstrual hygiene, and menstrual-related physical and psychological changes. Although girls viewed themselves as prepared for menarche, and claimed they had discussed it with their mothers, their explanations of menstruation reflected at best incomplete knowledge, and more typically a variety of misconceptions or ignorance. In attempting to explain menstruation, they tended to focus on one particular element of the process (e.g., eggs or blood or the uterus), and were not able to integrate the elements into a comprehensive whole. Girls' knowledge of the location and function of reproductive structures was faulty, and most did not understand how they were interrelated. Girls associated a variety of negative physical and psychological changes with menstruation, indicating that although they had not yet learned the biology of menstruation, they already had learned and internalized the cultural stereotypes and myths about menstrual symptomatology. In view of reports of high levels of sexual activity, often at very young ages, and without protection, and the high risk for acquiring sexually transmitted diseases, the failure to adequately educate girls about their own anatomy and physiology has serious implications.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Women & health"}}},"pageStart":"1","pageEnd":"21","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1300/J013v22n04_01","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47215996"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1300/J013v22n04_01"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7571658"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47215996"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-1994-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-1994-ljopndxj/","name":"DIR Jahrbuch 1994 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 1994)","headline":"DIR Jahrbuch 1994 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 1994)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-1994-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-1994-ljopndxj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register e.V."}],"datePublished":"1995-01-01","abstract":"Annual report (Jahrbuch) of the Deutsches IVF-Register (DIR) for treatment year 1994. DIR is the German national IVF/ICSI registry, founded 1982 — the oldest continuously operating ART registry. Voluntary professional-society database with high de-facto coverage of German fertility centres. Reports cycles, transfers, pregnancies and clinical outcomes by treatment type (IVF, ICSI, frozen embryo transfer, donor). German-language registry document. Used as a Phase B historical-archive source for the ART Registry Comparison study (cross-registry classification by reporting completeness on 7 framework dimensions).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register Jahrbuch"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/division-of-labor-among-gonadotropes-r0iavkpp/","name":"Division of labor among gonadotropes","headline":"Division of labor among gonadotropes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/division-of-labor-among-gonadotropes-r0iavkpp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"G V Childs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3764-1373","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016tfm930"}}],"datePublished":"1995-01-01","abstract":"This chapter has presented a somewhat complex view of the gonadotrope population, indicating that it consists of independent subsets. There may be regulatory cells that influence development and other ancillary processes needed for normal reproduction. For example, normal differentiation of PRL cells requires a functioning population of gonadotropes (Kendall et al., 1991). In addition, gonadotropes appear to be autoregulatory; subsets may produce inhibin or activin (in rats) and follistatin. Production of GnRH itself may serve as another regulatory tool. The gonadotrope population appears to be quite dynamic and convertible in the female rat. Cytological and cytochemical changes with the stage of the cycle are obvious. Increases in the numbers of immunoreactive gonadotropes parallel increases in GnRH target cells and culminate in peak expression of LH and FSH beta subunit mRNAs. The immunoreactive gonadotropes are greatly reduced after the surge activity, as though the cells had disappeared from the population. However, gonadotropes can still be detected by their content of gonadotropin mRNAs. This finding has led to the hypothesis that the gonadotropes recycle themselves. However, do they go through a resting phase? Is there a normal cycle of cell death and turnover? These are basic questions that must be answered in order to understand how the population is organized and renewed. Finally, we have returned to one of our original problems. Whereas it is clear that nonparallel release can be brought about by granules or cells with only one gonadotropin, the exact mechanisms that sort the gonadotropin molecules or turn off bihormonal expression are not known. A combination of autoregulatory events involving follistatin, activin, inhibin, and possibly steroids may play a role in modulating expression by a given subset. Delays in maturation may also prevent secretion of FSH and, hence, effect the delayed rise seen during late proestrus. The nonsecretory FSH cells seen in the studies by Lloyd and Childs (1988a) may be delayed maturers, requiring additional receptor types or changes in the calcium flux pattern to secrete their product. We also have a new question to address. What is the significance of the presence of GH in proestrous gonadotropes? Is GH a regulatory hormone, bound to receptors inside gonadotropes, or do subsets of somatotropes augment the population, producing a cocktail of GH and gonadotropins to aid ovulation? Either hypothesis is intriguing. Co-storage of GH and gonadotropins would be an efficient way of providing the hormones needed by the ovary. However, further work with in situ hybridization is needed to detect GH mRNA in such cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"50","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Vitamins and hormones"}},"pageStart":"215","pageEnd":"86","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0083-6729(08)60657-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40502057"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0083-6729(08)60657-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7709601"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40502057"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vascular-responses-to-17-beta-oestradiol-in-postmenopausal-women-recw7b0zxeavmjjrw/","name":"Vascular responses to 17 beta-oestradiol in postmenopausal women","headline":"Vascular responses to 17 beta-oestradiol in postmenopausal women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vascular-responses-to-17-beta-oestradiol-in-postmenopausal-women-recw7b0zxeavmjjrw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M Riedel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8944-0059","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Cardiology, Medical School, Hannover, Germany."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andreas Mügge","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9548-6995","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medizinische Hochschule Hannover","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f2yqf98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Creutzig","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medizinische Hochschule Hannover","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f2yqf98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Lichtlen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medizinische Hochschule Hannover","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f2yqf98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Oeltermann","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medizinische Hochschule Hannover","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f2yqf98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W Rafflenbeul","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medizinische Hochschule Hannover","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f2yqf98"}}],"datePublished":"1995-01-01","abstract":"The vascular responses to 17 beta-oestradiol were examined in 23 postmenopausal women (59 +/- 7 years [mean +/- SD]) using a placebo-controlled double-blind crossover design. All women received 1 mg 17 beta-oestradiol or placebo (P) sublingually on consecutive days in random order. Axial diameters and blood flow rates of the left common femoral arteries were determined before and 60-80 min after application of verum or placebo as well as 10-30 min after 10 mg isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) with a quantitative duplex ultrasound technique. Oestradiol induced a vasodilation of femoral arteries (+6.4 +/- 4.1% of basal, P < 0.001 vs. basal and P), the vessel diameter was unchanged with placebo (+0.7 +/- 2.1%). The blood flow rate increased significantly after oestradiol application (+30 +/- 28%, P < 0.05 vs. basal and P), but not after placebo (+11 +/- 21%). Mean blood pressure and heart rate remained constant with both drugs. Despite its vasodilatory effect, ISDN significantly reduced the arterial blood flow after pretreatment with oestradiol and placebo, probably through cardiac preload reduction. In conclusion, 17 beta-oestradiol alters the vascular tone of systemic arteries resulting in a vasodilation and increase of blood flow. We suggest that these direct vascular actions may contribute to the preventive properties of oestrogens on cardiovascular diseases in postmenopausal women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"25","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European Journal of Clinical Investigation"}}},"pageStart":"44","pageEnd":"47","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2362.1995.tb01524.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72130304"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1365-2362.1995.tb01524.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7705386"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72130304"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vegetarian-vs-nonvegetarian-diets-dietary-restraint-and-subclinical-ovulatory-di-recobtv4v10rpjwrb/","name":"Vegetarian vs nonvegetarian diets, dietary restraint, and subclinical ovulatory  disturbances: prospective 6-mo study","headline":"Vegetarian vs nonvegetarian diets, dietary restraint, and subclinical ovulatory  disturbances: prospective 6-mo study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vegetarian-vs-nonvegetarian-diets-dietary-restraint-and-subclinical-ovulatory-di-recobtv4v10rpjwrb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"K C Janelle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8005-3721"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan I Barr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8701-7152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"1994-12-01","abstract":"Ovulatory function was prospectively assessed over 6 mo in 23 vegetarians and 22 nonvegetarians with clinically normal menstrual cycles. Subjects were 20-40 y of age, of stable weight (body mass index, in kg/m2, of 18-25), on current diets for > or = 2 y, and not using oral contraceptives. Quantitative analysis of basal body temperature records classified cycles as normally ovulatory, short luteal phase (< 10 d), or anovulatory. Subjects completed the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (subjects completed the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (subscales for restraint, hunger, and disinhibition) and kept three 3-d food records. Vegetarians had lower BMIs (21.1 +/- 2.3 vs 22.7 +/- 1.9, P < 0.05), percentage body fat (24.0 +/- 5.5% vs 27.4 +/- 5.1%, P < 0.05), and restraint scores (6.4 +/- 4.4 vs 9.5 +/- 3.7, P < 0.05). Mean cycle lengths were similar, but vegetarians had longer luteal phase lengths (11.2 +/- 2.6 vs 9.1 +/- 3.8 d, P < 0.05). Cycle types also differed (chi 2 = 9.64, P < 0.01): vegetarians had fewer anovulatory cycles (4.6% vs 15.1% of cycles). Compared with those with restraint scores below the median, highly restrained women had fewer ovulatory cycles (3.6 +/- 2.3 vs 5.0 +/- 1.4, P < 0.05) and shorter mean luteal phase lengths (7.4 +/- 4.1 vs 10.7 +/- 3.1 d, P < 0.05). We conclude that ovulatory disturbances and restrained eating are less common among vegetarians, and that restraint influences ovulatory function.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"60","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"}}},"pageStart":"887","pageEnd":"894","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/60.6.887","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72870151"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/ajcn/60.6.887"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7985629"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72870151"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-hormone-replacement-therapy-on-reactivity-of-atherosclerotic-coronary-recv4ukzu9rjbq8wk/","name":"Effects of hormone replacement therapy on reactivity of atherosclerotic coronary arteries in cynomolgus monkeys","headline":"Effects of hormone replacement therapy on reactivity of atherosclerotic coronary arteries in cynomolgus monkeys","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-hormone-replacement-therapy-on-reactivity-of-atherosclerotic-coronary-recv4ukzu9rjbq8wk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J K Williams","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4610-6412","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04v8djg66"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Éric Honoré","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8007-0919","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04v8djg66"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S A Washburn","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3645-2645","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04v8djg66"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T B Clarkson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04v8djg66"}}],"datePublished":"1994-12-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: We attempted to determine whether continuous and cyclic medroxyprogesterone acetate modulates the effects of estrogen on dilation of atherosclerotic coronary arteries in surgically postmenopausal female monkeys.\n\nBACKGROUND: Estrogen replacement in postmenopausal women preserves normal dilator responses of atherosclerotic coronary arteries. The effects of progestins on coronary artery reactivity have not been determined.\n\nMETHODS: Repeated quantitative coronary angiography was used to study the effects after 1 month of 1) no hormone replacement (control) or oral administration of 2) continuous conjugated equine estrogens, 3) cyclic high dose medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) given on days 16 to 26 of the month, 4) conjugated equine estrogens plus continuous low dose MPA, or 5) conjugated equine estrogens plus cyclic high dose MPA on endothelium-mediated dilation of atherosclerotic coronary arteries in 12 cynomolgus monkeys. Change in diameter of the left circumflex coronary artery was measured in response to intracoronary infusions of acetylcholine (10(-6) mol/liter per min) and nitroglycerin (15 micrograms/min).\n\nRESULTS: Coronary arteries constricted during no hormone treatment (-8 +/- 3% [mean +/- SEM]), dilated during conjugated equine estrogen treatment (+3 +/- 1%, p < 0.05 vs. control) and constricted during cyclic MPA treatment (-3 +/- 2%). Addition of cyclic or continuous MPA to the conjugated equine estrogen regimen inhibited acetylcholine responses by 50% (p < 0.05 vs. conjugated equine estrogens). There was no effect of treatment on vascular response to nitroglycerin (p > 0.05).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Treatment with conjugated equine estrogens, but not MPA, augmented endothelium-mediated dilation of atherosclerotic coronary arteries. Addition of cyclic or continuous MPA to the conjugated equine estrogen regimen diminished endothelium-mediated dilation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of the American College of Cardiology"}}},"pageStart":"1757","pageEnd":"1761","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0735-1097(94)90184-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72811876"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0735-1097(94)90184-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7963125"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72811876"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/combined-hysteroscopic-and-laparoscopic-findings-in-patients-with-chronic-pelvic-recpwh5fmkkrh9zbw/","name":"Combined hysteroscopic and laparoscopic findings in patients with chronic pelvic pain","headline":"Combined hysteroscopic and laparoscopic findings in patients with chronic pelvic pain","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/combined-hysteroscopic-and-laparoscopic-findings-in-patients-with-chronic-pelvic-recpwh5fmkkrh9zbw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J E Carter","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Irvine University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04ysmca02"}}],"datePublished":"1994-11-01","abstract":"STUDY OBJECTIVE: To document the abnormal findings at hysteroscopy and laparoscopy in patients with chromic pelvic pain.\n\nDESIGN: Prospective evaluation at surgery of women treated consecutively between January 1, 1991, and December 30, 1992.\n\nSETTING: A private practice.\n\nPATIENTS: One hundred forty-one women with pelvic pain (average age 35 yrs).\n\nINTERVENTIONS: Laparoscopy was performed in all patients, and hysteroscopy in all but one, who had had a hysterectomy. Endometrial and endocervical biopsies were performed.\n\nMEASUREMENTS AND\n\nMAIN RESULTS: In 42 (30%) of 140 patients with a primary diagnosis of chronic pelvic pain hysteroscopic evaluation with endometrial and endocervical biopsies revealed an abnormality. Findings at hysteroscopy included leiomyomas in 25 patients (18%), intrauterine polyps in 9 (6.4%), and cervical stenosis in 4 (2.9%). Three women (2.1%) had intrauterine scarring and one (0.7%) had a bicornuate uterus. Endometrial biopsies showed adenomatous hyperplasia with atypia, and cystic hyperplasia in one patient each. Endocervical biopsies revealed cervical dysplasia in four women (2. 89%). An abnormal finding was documented on laparoscopic examination in all 141 patients. These included endometriosis in 113 patients (80%), adhesions in 67 (48%), leiomyomas in 59 (42%), and enlarged globular uterus in 34 (24%). In addition, appendiceal abnormalities were present in three women (2.1%) and hernia in two (1.4%).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Hysteroscopic abnormalities were found in 30% and laparoscopic abnormalities in 100% of patients who had a primary diagnosis of chronic pelvic pain.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of the American Association of Gynecologic Laparoscopists"}}},"pageStart":"43","pageEnd":"47","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s1074-3804(05)80830-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46297682"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s1074-3804(05)80830-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9050532"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46297682"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/human-chorionic-gonadotropin-supplementation-in-recurring-pregnancy-loss-a-contr-recgacqipjxstg0mt/","name":"Human chorionic gonadotropin supplementation in recurring pregnancy loss: a controlled trial","headline":"Human chorionic gonadotropin supplementation in recurring pregnancy loss: a controlled trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/human-chorionic-gonadotropin-supplementation-in-recurring-pregnancy-loss-a-contr-recgacqipjxstg0mt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Siobhan Quenby","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3221-5471","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital Coventry","sameAs":"https://ror.org/025821s54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roy G Farquharson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Liverpool Womens NHS Foundation Trust","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04q5r0746"}}],"datePublished":"1994-10-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: To investigate the efficacy of hCG in the management of recurrent early pregnancy loss.\n\nDESIGN: A prospective, randomized, controlled trial.\n\nSETTING: Miscarriage Clinic, Women's Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom.\n\nSUBJECTS: Eighty-one women attending the miscarriage clinic with idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss were randomized to receive hCG supplementation or placebo in early pregnancy.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The success rate or live birth rate.\n\nRESULTS: In women with regular menstrual cycles it was found that hCG had no beneficial effect, the pregnancy success rate being 86% in both groups. However, women with oligomenorrhea had a pregnancy success rate of 40% in the placebo group but a statistically significant improvement to 86% if hCG was given.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Human chorionic gonadotropin can be recommended for idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss in women with oligomenorrhea.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"62","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"708","pageEnd":"710","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56992-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71987717"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56992-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7646609"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71987717"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/shingles-allergies-family-medical-history-oral-contraceptives-and-other-potentia-rec2haffbxye7lklb/","name":"Shingles, allergies, family medical history, oral contraceptives, and other  potential risk factors for systemic lupus erythematosus","headline":"Shingles, allergies, family medical history, oral contraceptives, and other  potential risk factors for systemic lupus erythematosus","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/shingles-allergies-family-medical-history-oral-contraceptives-and-other-potentia-rec2haffbxye7lklb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Brian L Strom","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5750-4232","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Cancer Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Suzanne L. West","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8258-4032","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pennsylvania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ellen Snyder","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8097-2621","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pennsylvania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Freundlich","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Graduate Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0116mdr21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M M Reidenberg","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cornell University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P D Stolley","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02nr3fr97"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S West","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0496-5769","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University School of Social Work"}}],"datePublished":"1994-10-01","abstract":"The authors undertook a case-control study to explore the many factors that have been postulated to be related to the etiology of systemic lupus erythematosus. A total of 195 cases of systemic lupus diagnosed in the Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, metropolitan area between 1985 and 1987 were compared with 143 controls, friends of the cases matched to them according to age (+/- 5 years) and sex. Through personal interviews and chart reviews, data were collected on demographic factors, personal and familial medical history, reproductive history, medication history, and environmental exposures. Associations were found between systemic lupus erythematosus and having a family history of autoimmune disease (age-, sex-, and race-adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 2.3, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2-4.6), a history of shingles (adjusted OR = 6.4, 95% CI 1.4-28.0), a history of hives (adjusted OR = 1.8, 95% CI 1.1-3.0), and a history of medication allergies (adjusted OR = 2.6, 95% CI 1.5-4.5). No association was present between systemic lupus erythematosus and either any use or recent use of oral contraceptives (e.g., OR = 0.6 (95% CI 0.2-1.4) for use in the 3 years prior to diagnosis), family history of multiple other diseases, or a history of numerous other infections or various other types of allergies. Thus, these data indicate that systemic lupus erythematosus is associated with a family history of autoimmune diseases, a history of shingles, and a history of allergies. In contrast, if the development of systemic lupus is affected by use of oral contraceptives, this effect must be extremely modest. These findings may help clarify the possible pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus, and they provide clues as to when the presence of systemic lupus should be suspected.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"140","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Epidemiology"}}},"pageStart":"632","pageEnd":"642","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117302","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44473663"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117302"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7942763"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44473663"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/interest-in-natural-family-planning-among-female-family-practice-patients-recoubh5srylejvnt/","name":"Interest in natural family planning among female family practice patients","headline":"Interest in natural family planning among female family practice patients","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/interest-in-natural-family-planning-among-female-family-practice-patients-recoubh5srylejvnt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Fox A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4453-1861"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J C Lemaire","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f54p054"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"1994-09-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: Although modern methods of natural family planning (NFP) are effective both to avoid and to achieve pregnancy, relatively few women use these methods. It is not known whether this is due primarily to lack of interest or to other factors. We therefore explored the level of interest in NFP among female family practice patients.\n\nMETHODS: We mailed information about NFP to 400 female patients between ages 21 and 42 and conducted follow-up interviews by telephone. We excluded 162 women for whom we could not obtain accurate addresses or phone numbers, 68 women we could not reach by telephone, 67 women who were not currently at risk of pregnancy, and 15 women for other reasons. Twenty-eight women refused to participate in the study. Sixty women completed telephone interviews.\n\nRESULTS: Forty-three percent of respondents (n = 60) were interested in learning more about NFP, 24% said they were likely to use NFP to avoid pregnancy, and 32% were likely to use NFP to achieve pregnancy. Younger women and women who were Christian but not Catholic and not of a major Protestant denomination were more interested in NFP.\n\nCONCLUSION: Some female family practice patients are interested in learning and using NFP.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Family Practice Research Journal"}}},"pageStart":"237","pageEnd":"249","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pharmacokinetics-and-endometrial-tissue-levels-of-progesterone-after-administrat-recydcsnhos39d6h4/","name":"Pharmacokinetics and endometrial tissue levels of progesterone after administration by intramuscular and vaginal routes: a comparative study","headline":"Pharmacokinetics and endometrial tissue levels of progesterone after administration by intramuscular and vaginal routes: a comparative study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pharmacokinetics-and-endometrial-tissue-levels-of-progesterone-after-administrat-recydcsnhos39d6h4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R A Lobo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1472-8313","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael F Press","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3400-6614","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baystate Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01q2nz307"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Dahmoush","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4468-696X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M V Sauer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8173-6340","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R A Miles","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Paulson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Children's Hospital of Los Angeles","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00412ts95"}}],"datePublished":"1994-09-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine pharmacokinetic and endometrial effects of vaginally delivered micronized P.\n\nDESIGN: Functionally agonadal estrogen-replacement recipients received either micronized P administered vaginally or bi-daily IM injections of P. Hourly blood samples were obtained, from baseline to 6 hours after the initial dose of P and again on simulated cycle day 21 when transvaginal ultrasound (US) measurements and tissue samples of the endometrium were performed. Blood and tissue samples were assayed for P. Endometrial histology, estrogen receptor (ER) and P receptor (PR) contents were evaluated.\n\nSETTING: University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California.\n\nPARTICIPANTS: Twenty functionally agonadal and four normally ovulating women.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Delivery differences were assessed by [1] endometrial P concentrations; [2] USs; [3] histologic datings; [4] ER and PR contents, and [5] serum P levels.\n\nRESULTS: Endometrial P concentrations were higher with vaginally administered P than endometrial concentrations observed in normal ovulatory women or women who consistently had the highest serum P after IM administration (11.50 +/- 2.60 versus 1.40 +/- 0.40 versus 0.30 +/- 0.10 ng/mg protein [36.56 +/- 8.27 versus 4.45 +/- 1.27 versus 0.95 +/- 0.32 nmol/L], respectively). After 7 days of P, no differences between either treatment regimen and control groups were detected by histologic, ultrasonographic, or immunocytochemical receptor analyses.\n\nCONCLUSION: Vaginal micronized P enhances P delivery to the uterus compared with a standard IM regimen and results in a synchronous secretory endometrial histology in agonadal women preparing for embryo donation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"62","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"485","pageEnd":"490","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56935-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46445196"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56935-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8062942"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46445196"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/alprazolam-in-the-treatment-of-two-subsamples-of-patients-with-late-luteal-phase-recbzgwkzgvzckrzw/","name":"Alprazolam in the treatment of two subsamples of patients with late luteal phase dysphoric disorder: a double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study","headline":"Alprazolam in the treatment of two subsamples of patients with late luteal phase dysphoric disorder: a double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/alprazolam-in-the-treatment-of-two-subsamples-of-patients-with-late-luteal-phase-recbzgwkzgvzckrzw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Berger CP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Presser B"}],"datePublished":"1994-09-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of alprazolam in the treatment of two groups of patients diagnosed with late luteal phase dysphoric disorder (LLPDD). The first group met only the diagnostic criteria for LLPDD. The second group experienced LLPDD and mild symptoms of anxiety and depression during the follicular phase.\n\nMETHODS: A double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover design was used. Patients were treated with alprazolam and placebo for 3 months each and completed daily measures of anxiety, tension, depression, irritability, and feelings of being out of control.\n\nRESULTS: The response to alprazolam differed significantly by group. For the first group, alprazolam (0.25 mg three times a day) relieved the severity of tension (P = .001), irritability (P = .005), anxiety (P = .008), and feelings of being out of control (P = .012) more than placebo. Few side effects were reported; the incidence (P = .001) and severity (P = .001) of side effects were dose-related. Alprazolam and placebo did not differ for the second group, and the incidence and severity of side effects were unrelated to dose.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Alprazolam benefits women diagnosed solely with LLPDD. It is not recommended for patients who experience LLPDD as well as symptoms of mild anxiety or depression during the follicular phase.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"84","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"379","pageEnd":"385","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/abnormal-production-of-androgens-in-women-with-breast-cancer-recubvlst4c7pr4du/","name":"Abnormal production of androgens in women with breast cancer","headline":"Abnormal production of androgens in women with breast cancer","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/abnormal-production-of-androgens-in-women-with-breast-cancer-recubvlst4c7pr4du/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Zumoff B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Secreto","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9381-166X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dwj7825"}}],"datePublished":"1994-09-01","abstract":"Two long and broad streams of medical literature, from the 1950's to date, have established the existence of two unrelated abnormalities of androgen production in women with breast cancer. One is the genetically determined presence of subnormal production of adrenal androgens (i.e. DHEA and DHEAS) in women with premenopausal breast cancer and their sisters, who are at increased risk for breast cancer. The other is excessive production of testosterone, of ovarian origin, in subsets of women with either premenopausal or postmenopausal breast cancer and women with atypical breast-duct hyperplasia, who are at increased risk for breast cancer; along with the hypertestosteronism, there is frequently chronic anovulation in the premenopausal patients. The combination of ovarian hypertestosteronism and chronic anovulation is characteristic of the polycystic ovary syndrome and is also frequently seen in women with abdominal (\"android\") obesity; both PCOS and abdominal obesity are known to be characterized by high risk for postmenopausal cancer. The elevated testosterone levels and the increased levels of insulin, IGF-I, and IGF-II that are seen in PCOS and abdominal obesity could favor the development of breast cancer in several ways, all of which have been demonstrated experimentally: binding of testosterone to cancer cells bearing testosterone receptors, with direct stimulation; intratissular aromatization of testosterone to estradiol, with stimulation of estrogen-sensitive cells; stimulation of the production of epithelial growth factor (EGF) by testosterone, with direct mitogenic effect of EGF on cancer cells; stimulation of aromatase by insulin and IGF-I; direct mitogenic stimulation of cancer cells by insulin, IGF-I, and IGF-II; and stimulation by IGF-I and IGF-II of the intratissular reduction of estrone to estradiol. Since PCOS is probably largely genetically determined, and abdominal obesity may also be, the hypertestosteronism of these conditions may represent a second genetically determined hormonal risk factor for breast cancer.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5B","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Anticancer Research"}}},"pageStart":"2113","pageEnd":"2117","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/long-term-tocolysis-with-combined-intravenous-terbutaline-and-magnesium-sulfate--recdh6sxt0turvcnc/","name":"Long-term tocolysis with combined intravenous terbutaline and magnesium sulfate: a 10-year study of 1000 patients","headline":"Long-term tocolysis with combined intravenous terbutaline and magnesium sulfate: a 10-year study of 1000 patients","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/long-term-tocolysis-with-combined-intravenous-terbutaline-and-magnesium-sulfate--recdh6sxt0turvcnc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kosasa TS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Reinhard Busse","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4961-9130","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Technische Universität Berlin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wahl N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hirata G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nakayama RT"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hale RW"}],"datePublished":"1994-09-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine whether long-term intravenous (IV) tocolysis using combined terbutaline and magnesium sulfate is safe and effective.\n\nMETHODS: One thousand consecutive women in preterm labor were treated with combination IV tocolytic therapy. Terbutaline was initiated with an infusion rate of 1.75 micrograms/minute and increased to a maximum of 80 micrograms/minute. Magnesium sulfate was infused at 2 g/hour without any bolus and increased to maintain a serum level of 6.5-7.5 mg/dL. Tocolysis was continued until fetal lung maturity was achieved or delivery occurred.\n\nRESULTS: Combination tocolytic therapy prolonged pregnancy by a mean (+/- standard deviation) of 61 +/- 23.6 days in 751 women with intact membranes and by 20.5 +/- 17.4 days in 249 with ruptured membranes. The longest durations of continuous IV tocolysis were 123 days in a patient with intact membranes and 77 days in one with ruptured membranes. The most common side effects were nausea and vomiting, followed by chest tightness and shortness of breath.\n\nCONCLUSION: Long-term IV tocolysis appeared to be safe and to have acceptable side effects, allowing patients to receive combined terbutaline and magnesium sulfate until delivery.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"84","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"369","pageEnd":"373","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/spiritual-well-being-self-esteem-and-intimacy-among-couples-using-natural-family-recx8mvwvcay5mmtk/","name":"\"Self-esteem, spiritual well-being, and intimacy: a comparison among couples using NFP and oral contraceptives.\"","headline":"\"Self-esteem, spiritual well-being, and intimacy: a comparison among couples using NFP and oral contraceptives.\"","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/spiritual-well-being-self-esteem-and-intimacy-among-couples-using-natural-family-recx8mvwvcay5mmtk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Donna Lawrence"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Catherine M. Sauvage"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}}],"datePublished":"1994-08-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"61","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"18","pageEnd":"29","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20508549.1999.11878261","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/20508549.1999.11878261"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/how-often-should-infertile-men-have-intercourse-to-achieve-conception-reca8goj5tsw8t5iq/","name":"How often should infertile men have intercourse to achieve conception?","headline":"How often should infertile men have intercourse to achieve conception?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/how-often-should-infertile-men-have-intercourse-to-achieve-conception-reca8goj5tsw8t5iq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"I Tur-Kaspa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4686-8780","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tel Aviv University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mhzgx49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y Maor","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-3434"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Dor","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tel Aviv University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mhzgx49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Levran","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tel Aviv University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mhzgx49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Mashiach","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tel Aviv University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mhzgx49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Yonish","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tel Aviv University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mhzgx49"}}],"datePublished":"1994-08-01","abstract":"Objective: To clarify how often infertile men should have intercourse to achieve conception, the effect of sequential ejaculation on total motile sperm counts was investigated.\nDesign: Case-control study.\nSetting: Infertility and IVF unit, tertiary care center.\n\nParticipants: Five hundred seventy-six men who produced two closely spaced sequential ejaculates.\nMain Outcome Measure: The total motile sperm counts of the second ejaculates were compared with the total motile sperm counts of the first ejaculates.\n\nResults: In normospermic men (n = 359), the total motile sperm counts decreased significantly from 93 (18 to 601) (median [minimum to maximum] x 10(6)) in the first ejaculate to 42 (1.2 to 387) in the second ejaculate, produced 24 hours later. In contrast to the normospermic men, in the asthenospermic group (24 hours difference, n = 81) and in both oligospermic groups, (1 to 4 hours difference, n = 27; and 24 hours difference, n = 45), there were no significant changes in the total motile sperm counts (24 [5.9 to 229] versus 30 [0.8 to 150], 6 [0.8 to 18] versus 3.6 [0.1 to 63] and 13 [2.5 to 32] versus 10 [0.1 to 66], respectively). Moreover, in both oligoasthenospermic groups (1 to 4 hours difference, n = 23; and 24 hours difference, n = 41) the total motile sperm counts increased significantly (3.2 [0.6 to 7.9] versus 8 [0.4 to 48] and 4 [0.2 to 13] versus 4 [0.1 to 101], respectively). In all groups, pooling sequential ejaculates significantly increased the total motile sperm counts, over and above that of the first ejaculate, by 49% in the normospermic group, 95% in the asthenospermic group, 67% and 75% in the oligospermic groups (1 to 4 hours and 24 hours difference, respectively), and 233% and 139% in the oligoasthenospermic groups (1 to 4 hours and 24 hours difference, respectively).\n\nConclusions: Sequential ejaculation may overcome the impaired sperm transport causing low total motile sperm counts observed in some oligospermic and/or asthenospermic men. Most of these infertile men may significantly increase their fertility potential, assessed by the total motile sperm counts, either by pooling sequential ejaculates for IUI, GIFT, and IVF, or by having intercourse every day or even twice a day, at the time of ovulation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"62","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"370","pageEnd":"375","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56893-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64135185"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56893-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8034087"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q64135185"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clinical-evaluation-of-luteal-function-recpdfefa65hgxrga/","name":"Clinical evaluation of luteal function","headline":"Clinical evaluation of luteal function","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clinical-evaluation-of-luteal-function-recpdfefa65hgxrga/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Nakajima ST"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Molloy MH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Oi RH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ohlson KA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Azevedo RA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Boyers SP"}],"datePublished":"1994-08-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine the ability of luteal phase length determined by basal body temperature (BBT) pattern and a midluteal serum progesterone level to predict the result of an endometrial biopsy in a subsequent cycle.\n\nMETHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of 141 women with a history of infertility who were being evaluated for luteal function. The luteal phase length determined from a BBT chart of one menstrual cycle was compared to a single midluteal serum progesterone level from a second menstrual cycle. These findings were compared to a luteal phase endometrial biopsy performed in a third menstrual cycle. Subjects were divided into four groups depending upon luteal phase length (normal 11 or more days) and serum progesterone level (normal at least 10 ng/mL). The four groups were designated \"normal,\" \"short luteal phase,\" \"low progesterone,\" and \"abnormal,\" depending upon the results of the two tests. The frequency of in- and out-of-phase endometrial biopsy results in the four groups was compared.\n\nRESULTS: There was no difference in the occurrence of an in- or out-of-phase endometrial biopsy when the four groups were compared.\n\nCONCLUSION: Neither luteal phase length nor a single midluteal serum progesterone level was predictive of subsequent in-phase or out-of-phase endometrial biopsy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"84","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"219","pageEnd":"221","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/serum-lactogens-possessed-normal-bioactivity-in-patients-with-lactation-insuffic-recuq8xl5ghxrbvon/","name":"Serum lactogens possessed normal bioactivity in patients with lactation  insufficiency","headline":"Serum lactogens possessed normal bioactivity in patients with lactation  insufficiency","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/serum-lactogens-possessed-normal-bioactivity-in-patients-with-lactation-insuffic-recuq8xl5ghxrbvon/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Verity Livingstone","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S D Crickmer"},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Fox","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2236-8802","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P W Gout","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"BC Cancer Agency","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03sfybe47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"1994-08-01","abstract":"Objective: Insufficient breast milk is the most common reason for premature termination of breast-feeding. The causes of lactation insufficiency are usually multifactorial; in a small percentage of cases it is due to primary lactation failure of unknown origin. The aim of this study was to investigate whether lactation insufficiency of unknown origin could be caused by serum lactogens that had reduced biological activity.\nDesign: Women with lactation insufficiency of unknown origin and normal lactating controls were subjected to a standardized breast-feeding test for assessment of milk production. Thirty minutes later, serum samples were obtained for determination of total lactogen bioactivity, using an in-vitro bioassay, and levels of prolactin (PRL) and growth hormone (GH) using radioimmunoassay (RIA).\n\nPatients: Twelve lactating mothers with a clinical diagnosis of lactation insufficiency of unknown origin were compared with 12 matched mothers with normal lactation.\n\nMeasurements: The Nb2 lymphoma cell bioassay was used to measure total lactogen bioactivity in sera. Conventional RIA kits were used to estimate serum PRL and GH concentrations.\n\nResults: Mean milk yield on standardized test feed was 21.6 ml for patients and 146.5 ml for controls. In both patient and control groups the total serum lactogen bioactivity ranged from about 150 to 5000 mIU/l, while the serum RIA (PRL+GH) levels ranged from about 350 to over 7000 mIU/l. There was no evidence of lactogens with reduced bioactivity in the patients' sera.\n\nConclusion: Lactation insufficiency in the women studied cannot be explained by serum lactogens that possess unusually low bioactivity.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"41","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"193","pageEnd":"198","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2265.1994.tb02529.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72711904"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1365-2265.1994.tb02529.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7923823"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72711904"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/increased-risk-of-inflammatory-bowel-disease-associated-with-oral-contraceptive--recnwj4a1jcu9lbq9/","name":"Increased risk of inflammatory bowel disease associated with oral contraceptive  use","headline":"Increased risk of inflammatory bowel disease associated with oral contraceptive  use","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/increased-risk-of-inflammatory-bowel-disease-associated-with-oral-contraceptive--recnwj4a1jcu9lbq9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Edward J Boyko","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3695-192X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"VA Puget Sound Health Care System","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ky3az31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T L Vaughan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1537-0242","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Nicol-Blades","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fred Hutch Cancer Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007ps6h72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M K Theis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}}],"datePublished":"1994-08-01","abstract":"Research on inflammatory bowel disease risk among oral contraceptive users has reached conflicting conclusions. This population-based case-control study evaluated the effects of oral contraceptive use on ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease risk. Cases were women enrollees, aged 15-68 years, of Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound (a prepaid health plan based in western Washington State) who had ulcerative colitis (n = 211) or Crohn's disease (n = 91). Age-matched controls were randomly selected from the health plan enrollment file. An in-person interview obtained information about lifetime contraceptive use. Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to estimate relative risks and 95% confidence intervals for disease. Women who reported oral contraceptive use within 6 months before disease onset were at increased risk for both diseases compared with never users (relative risk (RR) of ulcerative colitis = 2.0, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2-3.3; RR of Crohn's disease = 2.6, 95% CI 1.2-5.5). Women who had used oral contraceptives for more than 6 years had the highest risk of Crohn's disease (RR = 5.1, 95% CI 1.8-14.3). In contrast, increasing duration of use was not associated with increased risk of ulcerative colitis. Adjustment for race, smoking, income, or pregnancy history did not substantially alter these results. Higher ulcerative colitis risk tended to occur among users of high estrogen dose oral contraceptives, while Crohn's disease risk was similar regardless of estrogen potency.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"140","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Epidemiology"}}},"pageStart":"268","pageEnd":"278","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117246","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48640529"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117246"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8030630"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q48640529"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-time-to-pregnancy-and-the-outcome-of-pregnancy-recpvlwsiqfyz8wxj/","name":"Association of time to pregnancy and the outcome of pregnancy","headline":"Association of time to pregnancy and the outcome of pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-time-to-pregnancy-and-the-outcome-of-pregnancy-recpvlwsiqfyz8wxj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Z Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3576-5973","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jv2qv86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Joffe","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Mary's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05x8xdg58"}}],"datePublished":"1994-07-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship of subfertility with miscarriage, low birth weight, and preterm delivery.\n\nDESIGN: Comparison of time to pregnancy distributions between pregnancies that had different outcomes. Three comparisons were made: (a) miscarriages with live births; within live births, (b) low birth weight infant (up to 2,500 grams) or not low birth weight; (c) preterm birth (37 weeks or less) or not preterm. Cox regression was used to adjust for covariates.\n\nPOPULATION: All first pregnancies were analyzed from the National Child Development Study, a large survey of young adults aged 33 years, which is nationally representative of the British-born population.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The distribution of the time taken to conceive (time to pregnancy), miscarriage, birth weight, and preterm delivery.\n\nRESULTS: Pregnancies that ended in miscarriage tended to take 23% longer to conceive, after adjustment for the other variables. Pregnancies that resulted in preterm delivery tended to take 15% longer to conceive. There was no statistically significant association with low birth weight.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Delay in time to conception is a risk factor for poor obstetric outcome, irrespective of medical intervention.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"62","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"71","pageEnd":"75","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56818-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46364024"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56818-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8005307"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46364024"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/plasma-copper-zinc-and-magnesium-levels-in-patients-with-premenstrual-tension-sy-recwyp012frlnad6s/","name":"Plasma copper, zinc and magnesium levels in patients with premenstrual tension syndrome","headline":"Plasma copper, zinc and magnesium levels in patients with premenstrual tension syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/plasma-copper-zinc-and-magnesium-levels-in-patients-with-premenstrual-tension-sy-recwyp012frlnad6s/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C Posaci","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dokuz Eylül University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Izmir, Turkey."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Uren","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2551-4588","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ege University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02eaafc18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Acar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8366-4843","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dokuz Eylül University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dbd8b73"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"O Erten","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dokuz Eylül University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dbd8b73"}}],"datePublished":"1994-07-01","abstract":"We measured plasma Cu. Zn and Mg levels in 40 women suffering from premenstrual tension syndrome (PMTS) and in 20 control subjects by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Mean plasma Cu, Zn and Mg levels, the Zn/Cu ratio were 80.2 +/- 6.00 micrograms/dl, 112.6 +/- 8.35 micrograms/dl, 0.70 +/- 0.18 mmol/l, and 1.40 +/- 0.10 in the PMTS group; and 77.0 +/- 4.50 micrograms/dl, 117.4 +/- 9.50 micrograms/dl, 0.87 +/- 0.10 mmol/l, and 1.51 +/- 0.05 in the control group respectively. The mean Mg level and the Zn/Cu ratio were significantly lower in PMTS patients than in the control group. Plasma Mg and Zn levels were diminished significantly during the luteal phase compared to the follicular phase in PMTS group. Mg deficiency may play a role in the etiology of PMTS.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"73","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica"}}},"pageStart":"452","pageEnd":"455","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3109/00016349409013429","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72087101"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3109/00016349409013429"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8042455"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72087101"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-estradiol-depletion-during-the-luteal-phase-on-endometrial-develop-recsmbg4wp4jsvize/","name":"The effect of estradiol depletion during the luteal phase on endometrial development","headline":"The effect of estradiol depletion during the luteal phase on endometrial development","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-estradiol-depletion-during-the-luteal-phase-on-endometrial-develop-recsmbg4wp4jsvize/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J S Younis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3793-6377","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hadassah Academic College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bdv1r55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y Ezra","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2290-4150","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hadassah Academic College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bdv1r55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Laufer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7928-6977","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hadassah Academic College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bdv1r55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J G Schenker","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hadassah Academic College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bdv1r55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y Sherman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hadassah Academic College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bdv1r55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Simon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7226-6305","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hadassah Academic College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bdv1r55"}}],"datePublished":"1994-07-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To examine whether luteal E2 is obligatory for obtaining an adequately developed endometrium.\n\nDESIGN: Survey of women with premature ovarian failure (POF) in a prospective, controlled, randomized study.\n\nSETTING: In vitro fertilization unit in a tertiary care university medical center.\n\nPATIENTS: Fourteen amenorrheic women with POF, candidates for oocyte donation, were divided into two distinct groups with seven women in each subgroup.\n\nINTERVENTIONS: Endometrial priming with a fixed dose of oral micronized E2, 4 mg/d for 14 days, was similarly performed in the study and the control groups. Progesterone replacement during the luteal phase was also identical in the two groups and was accomplished by IM P in oil, 50 mg/d for another 14 days. Only the control group continued to have the same E2 regimen during the luteal phase.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES AND\n\nRESULTS: Follicular phase mean E2 levels as well as luteal phase mean P levels were similar in both groups. However, luteal E2 levels differed significantly between the study and the control groups (21 +/- 5 and 692 +/- 199 pg/mL, respectively; conversion factor to SI units, 3.671). Nevertheless, histologic evaluation of endometrial biopsies on days 21 and 26 were similar for both groups. Endometrial gland dating, using light microscopy in the study and the control groups, on day 21, was 19.1 +/- 0.8 and 18.4 +/- 0.5, respectively, and on day 26, 25.4 +/- 0.8 and 25.9 +/- 0.5, respectively. Dating of the stroma in the two biopsies was also similar in both groups. Moreover, transmission electron microscopy performed in two patients of the study group showed typical characteristics of a secretory endometrium.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Luteal E2 depletion in the human does not seem to adversely affect the morphological developmental capacity of the endometrium. Our results suggest that E2 secretion by the corpus luteum in the human does not appear to be obligatory for the development of a normal secretory endometrium. The actual receptivity of the endometrium after such preparation needs to be evaluated.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"62","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"103","pageEnd":"107","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56823-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47338744"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56823-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8005273"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47338744"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteal-phase-defect-the-sensitivity-and-specificity-of-diagnostic-methods-in-com-rec1ha2ltdlt2v0xp/","name":"Luteal phase defect: the sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic methods in common clinical use","headline":"Luteal phase defect: the sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic methods in common clinical use","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteal-phase-defect-the-sensitivity-and-specificity-of-diagnostic-methods-in-com-rec1ha2ltdlt2v0xp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"D K Clifton","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wbzw723"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Craig","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Jordan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6586-1288","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M R Soules","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}}],"datePublished":"1994-07-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To assess the sensitivity and specificity of common clinical tests used for the diagnosis of luteal phase defect (LPD).\n\nDESIGN: The sensitivity and specificity of these tests for predicting low integrated P levels over the luteal phase were calculated.\n\nSETTING: Outpatient reproductive endocrinology and infertility clinic at a university medical center.\n\nPATIENTS: Fifty-eight strictly defined normal women were used to determine normal integrated luteal phase P levels. The study population was a separate 34 women who either were normal (n = 15) or were being evaluated for infertility or recurrent abortion (n = 19). These 34 study subjects all had the following tests performed in the same menstrual cycle: daily reproductive hormone levels, daily assessment of preovulatory follicle size, late luteal endometrial biopsies, and BBT charts.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Basal body temperature, maximum preovulatory follicle size, dated endometrial biopsies, and serum P levels (single and multiple) were used in an attempt to predict which patients had low integrated P levels.\n\nRESULTS: Unacceptably low sensitivity and/or specificity levels were found for the following tests: appearance of BBT charts, luteal phase length, and preovulatory follicle diameter. Timed endometrial biopsy was found to have marginally acceptable sensitivity and specificity levels whether dated by next menstrual period or midcycle events. The best test for the prediction of low integrated P was a single serum P level from the midluteal phase that was < 10 ng/mL (31.8 nmol/L) or a sum of three random serum P measurements that was < 30 ng/mL (95.4 nmol/L) (also obtained in the midluteal phase).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Luteal phase defect is a relatively uncommon but important cause of infertility and/or habitual abortion. The recommended test for the determination of LPD is a midluteal phase single serum P level < 10 ng/mL or the sum of three serum P levels that is < 30 ng/mL. The endometrial biopsy is a second line test that is only recommended when LPD needs to be evaluated in a treated cycle (ovulation induction or supplemental P).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"62","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"54","pageEnd":"62","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56815-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71999157"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56815-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8005304"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71999157"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preembryo-research-history-scientific-background-and-ethical-considerations-acog-recjty6614w3kr1sv/","name":"Preembryo research: history, scientific background, and ethical considerations. ACOG Committee Opinion: Committee on Ethics. Number 136--April 1994","headline":"Preembryo research: history, scientific background, and ethical considerations. ACOG Committee Opinion: Committee on Ethics. Number 136--April 1994","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preembryo-research-history-scientific-background-and-ethical-considerations-acog-recjty6614w3kr1sv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"ACOG","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7450-1543","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen"}}],"datePublished":"1994-06-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"45","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: the Official Organ of the  International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics"}}},"pageStart":"291","pageEnd":"301","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58680680","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7926256"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q58680680"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/antisperm-antibodies-origin-regulation-and-sperm-reactivity-in-human-infertility-recobhfo8juu7isll/","name":"Antisperm antibodies: origin, regulation, and sperm reactivity in human infertility","headline":"Antisperm antibodies: origin, regulation, and sperm reactivity in human infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/antisperm-antibodies-origin-regulation-and-sperm-reactivity-in-human-infertility-recobhfo8juu7isll/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Alan C. Menge","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Michigan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R K Naz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05cf8a891"}}],"datePublished":"1994-06-01","abstract":"Objective: To follow-up and expand discussion on the action mechanisms of antisperm antibodies in human infertility, the etiology and control of antisperm antibody induction, sperm antigens involved in immunoinfertility, and strategies for therapy.\nDesign: A review of the recent literature with an emphasis on female immunoinfertility.\n\nResults: The role of antisperm antibodies in clinical infertility continues to be defined. Through assisted reproductive technologies, antisperm antibodies were shown to exert detrimental effects on different prefertilization and possibly postfertilization events. The female reproductive tract is part of the common mucosal immune system and is able to mount effective immune responses against infectious agents, foreign antigens, and, occasionally, sperm cells. Sperm membranes and constituents contain numerous antigenic components foreign to the human body, and yet antisperm antibodies become problematic in few women exposed to semen. Semen and sperm cells contain immunosuppressive factors capable of inhibiting different immune cells. Fertile women apparently produce antisperm antibodies but also possess neutralizing serum anti-idiotypic antibodies that are lacking in virgin and immunoinfertile women.\n\nConclusions: Antisperm antibodies can affect adversely human fertility but normally may be controlled by anti-idiotypic antibodies, which along with immunosuppressor factors in semen prevent their induction to a significant degree. This balance between detrimental and \"beneficial\" immune response to sperm may be shifted toward an antisperm antibody response by stimulatory factors such as infection. Therapies may be devised to stimulate the anti-idiotypic antibody system, to induce immune tolerance to sperm antigens, and to use antigens to adsorb antisperm antibodies from spermatozoa.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"61","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertil Steril"}}},"pageStart":"1001","pageEnd":"1013","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56747-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40758100"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56747-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8194608"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40758100"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/trial-of-a-new-method-of-natural-family-planning-in-liberia-recl2dxsrkqejk8tc/","name":"Trial of a new method of natural family planning in Liberia","headline":"Trial of a new method of natural family planning in Liberia","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/trial-of-a-new-method-of-natural-family-planning-in-liberia-recl2dxsrkqejk8tc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Claude A. Lanctot","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"African Federation for Emergency Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0489p2588"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R T Kambic","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Wesley","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Planned Parenthood Association of Liberia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01a81w125"}}],"datePublished":"1994-06-01","abstract":"This paper describes the evaluation of a new method of natural family planning (NFP) in Liberia. The Modified Mucus Method (MMM) was developed to address the need for a simple method of charting for poor and illiterate women. The acceptance, use, and cost-effectiveness of the MMM were compared with standard NFP methods, the sympto-thermal and ovulation method (ST/OM), used in the same population. The personal discontinuation rate of MMM users was 27.3 per 100 women per year compared with 3.2 among ST/OM users. Unplanned pregnancy rates were low for both MMM and ST/OM, 6.6 and 1.5 respectively. The cost per couple year protection (CYP) for MMM was $55.80 and for ST/OM $56.10. There were differences in characteristics between MMM and ST/OM clients. The MMM clients were more likely to have attended school and to have used a family planning method previously, and were less likely to be housewives. We conclude that the MMM in Liberia was provided to an inappropriate sample of women, educated and middle-class rather than poor and illiterate. The MMM users were dissatisfied and discontinued at the rate of 44 per 100 women entering per year. This is an unfair evaluation of the MMM because of the unsuitable study population. It is our opinion that the MMM needs more study to become part of the inventory of birth spacing methods.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Advances in Contraception : the Official Journal of the Society for the  Advancement of Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"111","pageEnd":"119","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01978104","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72759091"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/BF01978104"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7942258"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72759091"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/calcium-resorption-from-bone-in-a-human-studied-by-41ca-tracing-rec4vblk2mxgwaq9g/","name":"Calcium resorption from bone in a human studied by 41CA tracing","headline":"Calcium resorption from bone in a human studied by 41CA tracing","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/calcium-resorption-from-bone-in-a-human-studied-by-41ca-tracing-rec4vblk2mxgwaq9g/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R Johnson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4280-5715","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D. Berkovits","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hebrew University of Jerusalem","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03qxff017"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elisabetta Boaretto","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8320-6228","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hebrew University of Jerusalem","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03qxff017"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Z. Gelbart","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"TRIUMF","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03kgj4539"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S. Ghelberg","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hebrew University of Jerusalem","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03qxff017"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"O. Meirav","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"TRIUMF","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03kgj4539"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Paul","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5597-3465","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hebrew University of Jerusalem","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03qxff017"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John O. Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1429-1374","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vesna Sossi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7862-5711","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"TRIUMF","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03kgj4539"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E. Venczel","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"TRIUMF","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03kgj4539"}}],"datePublished":"1994-06-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"92","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1-4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms"}}},"pageStart":"483","pageEnd":"488","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-583X(94)96059-3","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0168-583X(94)96059-3"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cyclic-medroxyprogesterone-treatment-increases-bone-density-a-controlled-trial-i-recyvyol9yrjsklik/","name":"Cyclic medroxyprogesterone treatment increases bone density: a controlled trial  in active women with menstrual cycle disturbances","headline":"Cyclic medroxyprogesterone treatment increases bone density: a controlled trial  in active women with menstrual cycle disturbances","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cyclic-medroxyprogesterone-treatment-increases-bone-density-a-controlled-trial-i-recyvyol9yrjsklik/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan I Barr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8701-7152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brian C Lentle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6433-0509","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of RadiologyUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Rexworthy","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02zg69r60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y M Vigna","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8840-192X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"1994-06-01","abstract":"Objective: Bone loss occurs in young women who experience amenorrhea or ovulatory disturbances. The purpose of this study was to determine whether bone loss could be prevented by simulating a more normal hormonal pattern, using treatment with cyclic medroxyprogesterone, with or without calcium supplementation, in physically active women with disturbed menstruation.\nDesign: This study was a 1-year randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Women who were stratified by menstrual cycle disturbance were randomized into four groups. The outcome variable was the change in spinal bone density measured by dual energy techniques.\nSetting: A large metropolitan area.\n\nParticipants: Sixty-one healthy, normal-weight physically active premenopausal women aged 21 to 45 years who experienced amenorrhea, oligomenorrhea, anovulation, or short luteal phase cycles completed the study.\n\nIntervention: Therapies were cyclic medroxyprogesterone (10 mg/day for 10 days per month) and calcium carbonate (1,000 mg/day of calcium) in four groups: (A) (n = 16) cyclic medroxyprogesterone plus calcium carbonate; (B) (n = 16) cyclic medroxyprogesterone with calcium placebo; (C) (n = 15) placebo medroxyprogesterone with active calcium; or (D) (n = 14) both medroxyprogesterone and calcium placebos.\n\nResults: The initial bone density (mean = 1.12 g/cm2) did not differ by group (P = 0.85). The 1-year bone density change was strongly related to treatment with medroxyprogesterone (P = 0.0001) and weakly to calcium (P = 0.072) treatment. Bone density increased significantly (+1.7% +/- 0.5%, +/- SEM, P = 0.004) in the medroxyprogesterone-treated groups (A and B), did not change in the calcium-treated group (C) (-0.7% +/- 0.6%, P = 0.28), and decreased on both placebos (D) (-2.0% +/- 0.6%, P = 0.005).\n\nConclusions: Cyclic medroxyprogesterone increased spinal bone density in physically active women experiencing amenorrhea or ovulatory disturbances. POTENTIAL CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Amenorrhea, oligomenorrhea, anovulation, and short luteal phase cycles are common in premenopausal women and associated with spinal bone loss occurring at a stage of life when bone density would normally be stable or increasing. This controlled trial shows a significant gain in bone in women in the cyclic medroxyprogesterone intervention group, whereas those subjects in the placebo group lost bone. Calcium supplementation appeared to be helpful but did not reach statistical significance. The implications of these findings for the prevention of osteoporosis warrant further investigation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"96","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The American Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"521","pageEnd":"530","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9343(94)90092-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57225742"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9343(94)90092-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8017450"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q57225742"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-role-of-luteal-phase-support-in-infertility-treatment-a-meta-analysis-of-ran-rechzzldzqqng5bzy/","name":"The role of luteal phase support in infertility treatment: a meta-analysis of randomized trials","headline":"The role of luteal phase support in infertility treatment: a meta-analysis of randomized trials","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-role-of-luteal-phase-support-in-infertility-treatment-a-meta-analysis-of-ran-rechzzldzqqng5bzy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M.B. Salim Daya","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John A. Collins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5743-3304","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Collins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4950-0466","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Southern New Hampshire University"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Daya","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E G Hughes","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Soliman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3272-8018","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}}],"datePublished":"1994-06-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the use of luteal phase support improves pregnancy rate (PR) in infertility.\n\nDESIGN: A meta-analysis of randomized trials of luteal phase support. Search of the National Library of Medicine MEDLINE data base from 1971 using the words luteal, pregnancy, human, and comparative. Bibliography of relevant articles, reviews, and abstracts of scientific meetings were hand searched. All randomized controlled trials of luteal phase support in infertility were included. Luteal phase support for recurrent abortion and nonrandomized trials were excluded. The common odds ratio was calculated for each intervention using the Mantel-Haentzel test. Homogeneity of treatment effect was evaluated using the Breslow-Day test.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Pregnancy per cycle, rate of spontaneous abortion, and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome rate.\n\nRESULTS: Eighteen trials met the above criteria. Human chorionic gonadotropin improved PRs in IVF when GnRH agonist (GnRH-a) was used (n = 151) and was superior to P (n = 352). Its benefit in all IVF cycles, however, was not established because of significant heterogeneity of treatment effect. Progesterone improved the PR in all IVF cycles (n = 457). No significant reduction in spontaneous abortion was noted with luteal support (n = 200). Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome occurred in 5% of patients with hCG. Combination of data from trials of luteal support with other infertility therapies was not possible because of the differences in patient populations.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: The meta-analysis supports the routine use of hCG in IVF cycles using a GnRH-a. Progesterone was also beneficial for luteal phase support in IVF. For other infertility therapy, however, further research is needed to evaluate the role of luteal phase support.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"61","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1068","pageEnd":"1076","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56758-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36751350"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56758-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8194619"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36751350"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-effectiveness-of-the-creighton-model-ovulation-method-of-natural-family-plan-recyduv5k5u4px8i9/","name":"Use effectiveness of the Creighton model ovulation method of natural family planning","headline":"Use effectiveness of the Creighton model ovulation method of natural family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-effectiveness-of-the-creighton-model-ovulation-method-of-natural-family-plan-recyduv5k5u4px8i9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Donna Lawrence"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Philpot","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}}],"datePublished":"1994-05-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine the use effectiveness of the Creighton model ovulation method in avoiding and achieving pregnancy.\n\nDESIGN: Prospective, descriptive.\n\nSETTING: A natural family planning clinic at a university nursing center.\n\nPARTICIPANTS: Records and charts from 242 couples who were taught the Creighton model. The sample represented 1,793 months of use of the model.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Creighton model demographic forms and logbook.\n\nRESULTS: At 12 months of use, the Creighton model was 98.8% method effective and 98.0% use effective in avoiding pregnancy. It was 24.4% use effective in achieving pregnancy. The continuation rate for the sample at 12 months of use was 78.0%.\n\nCONCLUSION: The Creighton model is an effective method of family planning when used to avoid or achieve pregnancy. However, its effectiveness depends on its being taught by qualified teachers. The effectiveness rate of the Creighton model is based on the assumption that if couples knowingly use the female partner's days of fertility for genital intercourse, they are using the method to achieve pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"23","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Neonatal Nursing : JOGNN"}}},"pageStart":"303","pageEnd":"309","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.1994.tb01881.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39231314"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1552-6909.1994.tb01881.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8057183"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39231314"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/maternity-blues-and-major-endocrine-changes-cardiff-puerperal-mood-and-hormone-s-recssxc7mkpy4bnxa/","name":"Maternity blues and major endocrine changes: Cardiff puerperal mood and hormone study II","headline":"Maternity blues and major endocrine changes: Cardiff puerperal mood and hormone study II","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/maternity-blues-and-major-endocrine-changes-cardiff-puerperal-mood-and-hormone-s-recssxc7mkpy4bnxa/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Brian Harris","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1804-5832","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital of Wales","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04fgpet95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert G. Newcombe","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4400-8867","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tenovus Cancer Care","sameAs":"https://ror.org/041t5x242"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Lovett","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Wales","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01se4f844"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G F Read","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital of Wales","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04fgpet95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Riad-Fahmy","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tenovus Cancer Care","sameAs":"https://ror.org/041t5x242"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Walker","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7121-3088","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Wales","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01se4f844"}}],"datePublished":"1994-04-09","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: To define relation between mood and concentrations of progesterone and cortisol during perinatal period to test hypothesis that rapid physiological withdrawal of steroid hormones after delivery is associated with depression.\n\nDESIGN: Prospective study of primiparous women from two weeks before expected date of delivery to 35 days postpartum.\n\nSETTING: Antenatal clinic in university hospital, obstetric inpatient unit, patients' homes.\n\nSUBJECTS: 120 of 156 primiparous women interviewed. Remainder excluded because of major marital, socioeconomic, or medical problems or because caesarean section required.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Concentrations of progesterone and cortisol in saliva samples; women's moods assessed by various scores for depression.\n\nRESULTS: Changes in salivary progesterone and cortisol concentrations were similar to those already characterised for plasma. Peak mean score for maternity blues (5.3 on Stein scale) was on day five postpartum (P < 0.02 compared with mean scores on other postpartum days). High postpartum scores for maternity blues were associated with high antenatal progesterone concentrations on day before delivery (P < 0.05), with high rate of rise of antenatal progesterone concentrations (P < 0.05), with decreasing progesterone concentrations from day of delivery to day of peak blues score (P > or = 0.01), and with low progesterone concentrations on day of peak blues score (P < 0.01). Seventy eight women were designated as having maternity blues (peak score > or = 8 on Stein scale) while 39 had no blues. Women with blues had significantly higher antenatal progesterone concentrations and lower postnatal concentrations than women without blues (geometric mean progesterone concentrations: one day before delivery 3860 pmol/l v 3210 pmol/l respectively, P = 0.03; ten days postpartum 88 pmol/l v 114 pmol/l, P = 0.048). Cortisol concentrations were not significantly associated with mood.\n\nCONCLUSION: Maternal mood in the days immediately after delivery is related to withdrawal of naturally occurring progesterone.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"308","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6934","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.)"}}},"pageStart":"949","pageEnd":"953","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.308.6934.949","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34340495"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj.308.6934.949"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8173402"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34340495"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/salpingoscopic-findings-in-women-with-occlusive-and-nonocclusive-salpingitis-ist-recrgl4yyuxbqviyo/","name":"Salpingoscopic findings in women with occlusive and nonocclusive salpingitis isthmica nodosa","headline":"Salpingoscopic findings in women with occlusive and nonocclusive salpingitis isthmica nodosa","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/salpingoscopic-findings-in-women-with-occlusive-and-nonocclusive-salpingitis-ist-recrgl4yyuxbqviyo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Timur Gürgan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6738-792X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hacettepe University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04kwvgz42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Urman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9021-2220","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hacettepe University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04kwvgz42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hüsnü A. Kişnişçi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hacettepe University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04kwvgz42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Aksu","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hacettepe University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04kwvgz42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Yarali","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3170-0566","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. yarali@ada.net.tr","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01wntqw50"}}],"datePublished":"1994-03-01","abstract":"STUDY OBJECTIVE: To characterize ampullary endosalpingeal findings in women with occlusive or nonocclusive salpingitis isthmica nodosa.\n\nDESIGN: Prospective case study.\n\nSETTING: Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of a University Hospital.\n\nPATIENTS: Twenty women (38 tubes) with occlusive or nonocclusive salpingitis isthmica nodosa were studied.\n\nINTERVENTIONS: Salpingoscopy was performed during diagnostic laparoscopy in 20 women (38 tubes) with hysterosalpingographic evidence of salpingitis isthmica nodosa.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Salpingoscopic findings were recorded and the patients were managed accordingly.\n\nRESULTS: Of the 38 tubes 10 appeared radiographically and laparoscopically normal. Two tubes were occluded distally. Of the 26 tubes with occlusive or nonocclusive salpingitis isthmica nodosa, 5 (19.2%) showed varying degrees of endosalpingeal abnormality. Patients with abnormal salpingoscopy were regarded as having bipolar tubal disease and were referred for assisted conception. The remaining patients were scheduled for microsurgical tubal reconstruction.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: One in five patients with proximal tubal disease may have ampullary endosalpingeal damage of varying degrees. However, the significance of this finding in relation to subsequent management strategies and fertility outcome is yet to be characterized.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"61","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"461","pageEnd":"463","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56576-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72315574"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56576-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8137967"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72315574"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/identification-of-main-risk-factors-for-tubal-infertility-recjjayjni4fnlpke/","name":"Identification of main risk factors for tubal infertility","headline":"Identification of main risk factors for tubal infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/identification-of-main-risk-factors-for-tubal-infertility-recjjayjni4fnlpke/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bueno JG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hardy E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pimentel E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Luis Bahamondes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7356-8428","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04wffgt70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ramos M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5331-7429"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vera S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0958-3297","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Ecuador"}}],"datePublished":"1994-03-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between some reproductive variables and infertility caused by tubal obstruction.\n\nDESIGN: A retrospective, case-control study.\n\nSETTING: A tertiary care university hospital that is a referral center for infertility patients.\n\nPARTICIPANTS: Subjects were interviewed between March 1990 and December 1991. Cases were 215 consecutively recruited infertile women with either evidence of tubal obstruction found at laparoscopy or hydrosalpinx diagnosed by hysterosalpingography. Women with a history of surgical sterilization were excluded. Controls, selected in the same hospital, were women in the puerperium who had no history of infertility. Two controls were matched by age at the time of tubal obstruction diagnosis to each case.\n\nRESULTS: History of pelvic surgery and use of alcohol were significantly associated with the risk of infertility caused by tubal obstruction. The use of barrier, oral, and medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) contraceptives was associated with a protective effect. When only women with secondary infertility were analyzed, history of pelvic surgery and number of lifetime sexual partners were significant risk factors, and the previous use of oral contraceptives was the only protective factor.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: History of pelvic surgery was the most important risk factor for tubal infertility. All precautions must be taken to avoid infection and adhesion formation when pelvic surgery is performed. In addition, women can be protected from tubal infertility by using barrier, oral, or MPA contraceptive methods.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"61","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"478","pageEnd":"482","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-recf10rgif1r1qhp4/","name":"Natural family planning","headline":"Natural family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-recf10rgif1r1qhp4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Foxwell M"}],"datePublished":"1994-03-01","abstract":"Natural family planning (NFP) methods can be effective if taught well and practised by well-motivated couples. Midwives should be able to give couples an understanding of the basic principles of the methods. The observable signs of the fertile cycle are changes in basal body temperature, in the consistency of cervical mucus and in the texture and position of the cervix. Practised properly the ovulation method can have a failure rate of as little as 2.2 pregnancies per 100 woman-years. The ovulation method is a suitable method for mothers who have breastfed to detect the onset of ovulation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Modern Midwife"}}},"pageStart":"21","pageEnd":"24","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reference-values-for-luteal-progesterone-measured-by-salivary-radioimmunoassay-recys9ixyhtrcpvfq/","name":"Reference values for luteal progesterone measured by salivary radioimmunoassay","headline":"Reference values for luteal progesterone measured by salivary radioimmunoassay","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reference-values-for-luteal-progesterone-measured-by-salivary-radioimmunoassay-recys9ixyhtrcpvfq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"P T Ellison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0069-9064","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S F Lipson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}}],"datePublished":"1994-03-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To establish age-stratified reference values for salivary luteal P levels.\n\nDESIGN: One hundred thirty-six regularly menstruating women (18 to 48 years of age), screened for weight, exercise, and steroid medication use, collected daily saliva samples for one complete menstrual cycle. Luteal P levels were measured by 3H-RIA, and data were aligned by day of next menstrual onset. Means (+/- 1 SD range) and percentiles, calculated using both untransformed and log transformed data, were calculated for each luteal day and for indices of luteal P production.\n\nRESULTS: Reference values for salivary daily luteal P levels and indices of luteal P are presented for three age groups (18 to 24 years, 25 to 39 years, and 40 to 48 years).\n\nCONCLUSION: The age-stratified reference values presented here can be used, without collateral clinical procedures, to assess salivary luteal P levels. Salivary monitoring is ideally suited for research and long-term clinical observation, but the characteristics of salivary P data may limit the usefulness of these values for individual diagnosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"61","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"448","pageEnd":"454","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56574-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47236036"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56574-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8137965"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47236036"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/further-evaluation-of-uterine-isolation-recnnbizcw56ujktc/","name":"Further Evaluation of Uterine Isolation","headline":"Further Evaluation of Uterine Isolation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/further-evaluation-of-uterine-isolation-recnnbizcw56ujktc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute for Human Reproduction","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1994-02-01","abstract":"\"Uterine Isolation\" has been discussed, in one form or another, since the early 1940's by such notable American theologians as Fr. John C. Ford, SJ, Fr. Gerald Kelly, SJ; Fr. Francis J. Connell, C.SS.R.; Fr. L. Bender; Fr. John R. Connery; SJ, Fr. Edwin F. Healy, SJ; and Fr. Thomas J. O'Donnell, SJ.l The term \"uterine isolation\" originated with Fr. O'Donnell. O'Donnell, who is personally convinced of the validity of the arguments for the solid probability of the \"uterine isolation\" view, was also responsible for having this deleted from the \"Ethical and Religious Directives for Catholic Health Facilities\" which were published and approved by the bishops in 1971.\" 'Isolation of the uterus' or 'uterine isolation' \" he says, \"had taken root in the medical-moral community and, either through misunderstanding or deception, was being used as a presumably morally acceptable semantic for various forms of clearly contraceptive sterilization.\"l O'Donnell states that the following three points need to be understood by Catholic hospital administration and staff with regard to the term \"uterine isolation procedure\":\n1. Hysterectomy in the presence of a uterus which has been so damaged or weakened by multiple cesarean sections that it is judged to be incapable (because of the damage within the uterus itself) of safely supporting another pregnancy is, with solid probability, not a contraceptive sterilization and is permitted . . . 2. In this case, and only in this case, the isolation of such a uterus at its tubal adnexa, instead of its extirpation, if clinically indicated, is, with solid probability, not a contraceptive sterilization and thus may be permitted and practiced; unless, of course, this is disapproVed by the bishop of the diocese who might well foresee greater harm in the danger of misunderstanding and morally unwarranted extension of the procedure as a semantic to conceal directly contraceptive sterilizations. 3. If, after further study and investigation, there would be a sufficient consensus of theological opinion or a decision by the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith that either of the procedures described above (either the hysterectomy in this case or the isolation procedure) is indeed a direct sterilization (such as to discount the solid probability that it is not), then neither of the procedures could be done within the context of Catholic teaching. The sale moral defense of either procedure is the solid probability of the moral opinion that it is not a directly contraceptive sterilization (emphasis applied). I wish to emphasize the need for further study and investigation of this issue because the experience with \"uterine isolation\" is compelling and proves that the practice is nothing but direct contraceptive sterilization. It is also a practice with inappropriate medical justification . . . a practice which, in the 1990's, cannot be justified on medical moral grounds. One of the most important questions that needs to be asked with regard to \"uterine isolation\" is \"What are we isolating the uterus from?\" It is clear that the uterus is not being isolated from either the sperm or the ovum since they present no potential of risk. It is equally clear that the isolation of the uterus, so proposed, is not isolating the uterus from any known disease condition. the only possible thing that this procedure could be isolating the uterus from is a pregnancy . Thus, it seems equally clear that the primary intent of such a \"uterine isolation\" is contraceptive sterilization. Furthermore, the actual application of \"uterine isolation\" policies in Catholic hospitals suggests that it is direct contraceptive sterilization.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"61","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"82","pageEnd":"88","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20508549.1999.11878244","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/20508549.1999.11878244"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/contemporary-adhesion-prevention-recoz8w7aaxsp162t/","name":"Contemporary adhesion prevention","headline":"Contemporary adhesion prevention","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/contemporary-adhesion-prevention-recoz8w7aaxsp162t/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"G S DiZerega","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4150-581X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}}],"datePublished":"1994-02-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To (1) review the events leading to peritoneal adhesion formation; (2) review traditional adhesion prevention adjuvants; (3) overview studies for adhesion prevention barriers including a perspective for their use; and (4) look toward the future of adhesion prevention.\n\nRESULTS: A great deal of effort has been dedicated to reduce adhesion formation because of the morbidity associated with adhesions and the associated economic burden, which considering only hospital costs and surgeons' fees, was $1,180 million in the United States. To understand the role of adhesion barriers in gynecological surgery, an appreciation of the cellular cascade and temporal nature of peritoneal repair is necessary. Evidence indicates that areas denuded of peritoneum will heal satisfactorily and that suturing of the peritoneum may increase adhesion formation. Physical barriers, including both mechanical and viscous solutions, are widely used to prevent adhesion formation by limiting tissue apposition during the critical stages of mesothelial repair. Clinical studies do not support the use of intraperitoneal, dextran for adhesion prevention. Theoretical considerations of peritoneal fluid dynamics indicate that crystalloid instillates should not prevent adhesion formation because of their short intraperitoneal residence. This prediction is consistent with clinical observation. The availability of Interceed (Johnson and Johnson Medical, Inc., Arlington, TX) and Gore-Tex Surgical Membrane (W.L. Gore, Flagstaff, Arizona) barriers provides substantial progress in postsurgical adhesion prevention.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Although many investigators are incorporating adhesion prevention barriers into their routine clinical situations, physician acceptance is constrained by technical difficulties.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"61","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"219","pageEnd":"235","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56507-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40810491"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56507-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8299773"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40810491"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/transcervical-fallopian-tube-catheterization-and-recanalization-for-proximal-tub-recahssshqurr8l7u/","name":"Transcervical fallopian tube catheterization and recanalization for proximal tubal obstruction","headline":"Transcervical fallopian tube catheterization and recanalization for proximal tubal obstruction","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/transcervical-fallopian-tube-catheterization-and-recanalization-for-proximal-tub-recahssshqurr8l7u/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thompson KA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kiltz RJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Koci T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cabus ET"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kletzky OA"}],"datePublished":"1994-02-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate further the safety and efficacy of selective ostial salpingography combined with transcervical wire recanalization for the diagnosis and treatment of proximal tubal obstruction.\n\nDESIGN: Prospective study.\n\nSETTING: Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Department of Radiology at Harbor-University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) Medical Center, a tertiary care academic institution.\n\nPATIENTS: Twenty-eight infertile patients diagnosed with proximal tubal obstruction by hysterosalpingogram (HSG) or by chromopertubation at laparoscopy (total of 46 obstructed tubes).\n\nINTERVENTIONS: After antibiotic prophylaxis and IV analgesia a conventional HSG was performed. If proximal tubal obstruction was confirmed, selective salpingography was done under fluoroscopic guidance. If proximal tubal obstruction was still present, wire recanalization using a new prototype cannula was then performed. If recanalization was successful, contrast media was injected to confirm tubal patency.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Proximal tubal patency, complete tubal patency, pregnancies.\n\nRESULTS: Eleven of 46 tubes (23.9%) were patent by HSG. Ostial salpingography of the remaining 35 tubes revealed 6 patent tubes (13%). Nine of the 29 obstructed tubes (31%) had successful wire recanalization, and 8 of these were patent distally. There were 4 intrauterine pregnancies (IUPs) and 1 ectopic pregnancy after recanalization and 2 IUPs after ostial salpingography.\n\nCONCLUSION: Selective salpingography should be considered at the time of an HSG showing proximal tubal obstruction. If indicated, wire recanalization can also be attempted. Selective ostial salpingography combined with wire recanalization is a safe and effective procedure for the diagnosis and treatment of PTO.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"61","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"243","pageEnd":"247","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/remote-recollection-of-preoperative-pain-in-patients-undergoing-excision-of-endo-ogegkgba/","name":"Remote recollection of preoperative pain in patients undergoing excision of endometriosis","headline":"Remote recollection of preoperative pain in patients undergoing excision of endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/remote-recollection-of-preoperative-pain-in-patients-undergoing-excision-of-endo-ogegkgba/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"David B Redwine","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Charles Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02stwhg86"}}],"datePublished":"1994-02-01","abstract":"To determine the accuracy of postoperative recall of preoperative pain, this prospective, longitudinal study was conducted by a general gynecologist in private practice at a referral center. Before excision of endometriosis at laparoscopy or laparotomy and again at 6 to 18 months after surgery, 168 patients completed a 5-point scale assessing 11 symptoms that may be related to endometriosis. For 6 of the 11 symptoms, over 50% of patients had exact recall of pain level. For 10 symptoms, over 80% recalled their preoperative pain level within +/-1 point. Patients requiring reoperation were most likely to recall preoperative pain levels accurately. Those not requiring reoperation tended to inflate slightly their remote assessment of preoperative pain, indicating that successfully treated patients tend to forget how much they formerly hurt.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of the American Association of Gynecologic Laparoscopists"}}},"pageStart":"140","pageEnd":"5","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s1074-3804(05)80778-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73110373"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s1074-3804(05)80778-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9050477"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73110373"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-discovery-of-different-types-of-cervical-mucus-and-the-billings-ovulation-me-recvzzhw2p7htniyt/","name":"Insulin dose or glycemic control for the critically ill?","headline":"Insulin dose or glycemic control for the critically ill?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-discovery-of-different-types-of-cervical-mucus-and-the-billings-ovulation-me-recvzzhw2p7htniyt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E Odeblad","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sabbatsberg Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dkvrg87"}}],"datePublished":"1994-01-01","abstract":"An introduction to and some new anatomical and physiological aspects of the cervix and vagina are presented and also an explanation of the biosynthesis and molecular structure of mucus.","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/puerperium-after-threatened-premature-labor--positive-effects-of-infection-scree-reco33oegvmt72s4p/","name":"[Puerperium after threatened premature labor--positive effects of infection screening by determination of CRP in pregnancy]","headline":"[Puerperium after threatened premature labor--positive effects of infection screening by determination of CRP in pregnancy]","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/puerperium-after-threatened-premature-labor--positive-effects-of-infection-scree-reco33oegvmt72s4p/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Gellings R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pütz I"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Funk A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Goetz M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Winkler M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8048-3553"}],"datePublished":"1994-01-01","abstract":"Silent intrauterine infection as cause of preterm labour should be recognised early by measuring C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in the maternal serum. Ensuing antibiotic therapy may not only cause gestational prolongation, but also has a positive effect on pathology during the puerperal period. Consequently, we examined the rate of infectious puerperal complications of 181 patients who suffered from so-called idiopathic preterm labour. 84 patients showed normal CRP-levels at the onset of tocolysis (< 5 mg/l); an elevated level was found in 97 patients (> 5 mg/l). Patients with elevated CRP-levels and supplemented antibiotic therapy during pregnancy (n = 51) showed significantly fewer symptoms of postpartal endometritis than women with similarly elevated CRP-levels but without antibiotics (n = 46). This effect was not produced when preterm labour was associated with normal CRP-levels. Patients with premature contractions and elevated CRP-values at the onset of tocolysis seem to benefit from the antibiotic therapy during pregnancy because they show reduced infectious complications throughout the puerperal period.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"116","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Zentralblatt Fur Gynakologie"}}},"pageStart":"555","pageEnd":"560","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-and-its-role-in-bone-remodelling-rec9j59xc5rdh0ckz/","name":"Progesterone and Its Role in Bone Remodelling","headline":"Progesterone and Its Role in Bone Remodelling","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-and-its-role-in-bone-remodelling-rec9j59xc5rdh0ckz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"1994-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Sex Steroids and Bone"},"pageStart":"29","pageEnd":"56","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03043-1_3","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/978-3-662-03043-1_3"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diagnostic-and-statistical-manual-of-mental-disorders-4th-edition-rec3bld3zoiqqhnyn/","name":"The structure of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th edition, text revision) personality disorder symptoms in a large national sample","headline":"The structure of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th edition, text revision) personality disorder symptoms in a large national sample","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diagnostic-and-statistical-manual-of-mental-disorders-4th-edition-rec3bld3zoiqqhnyn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - 4th Edition"}],"datePublished":"1994-01-01","abstract":"We examined the latent structure underlying the criteria for DSM-IV-TR (American Psychiatric Association, 2000, Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., text revision). Washington, DC: Author.) personality disorders in a large nationally representative sample of U.S. adults. Personality disorder symptom data were collected using a structured diagnostic interview from approximately 35,000 adults assessed over two waves of data collection in the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Our analyses suggested that a seven-factor solution provided the best fit for the data, and these factors were marked primarily by one or at most two personality disorder criteria sets. A series of regression analyses that used external validators tapping Axis I psychopathology, treatment for mental health problems, functioning scores, interpersonal conflict, and suicidal ideation and behavior provided support for the seven-factor solution. We discuss these findings in the context of previous studies that have examined the structure underlying the personality disorder criteria as well as the current proposals for DSM-5 personality disorders.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Personality disorders"}}},"pageStart":"355","pageEnd":"69","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-menstrual-cycle-effects-on-bone-in-menopausal-women-recmw7vkdj0y3gctj/","name":"The menstrual cycle: effects on bone in menopausal women","headline":"The menstrual cycle: effects on bone in menopausal women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-menstrual-cycle-effects-on-bone-in-menopausal-women-recmw7vkdj0y3gctj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan I Barr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8701-7152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"1994-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Advances in nutritional research"}},"pageStart":"287","pageEnd":"310","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9092-4_17","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40523513"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/978-1-4757-9092-4_17"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7747672"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40523513"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/no-adverse-effects-of-medroxyprogesterone-treatment-without-estrogen-in-postmeno-recyjmlimpg6iz7ed/","name":"No adverse effects of medroxyprogesterone treatment without estrogen in  postmenopausal women: double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial","headline":"No adverse effects of medroxyprogesterone treatment without estrogen in  postmenopausal women: double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/no-adverse-effects-of-medroxyprogesterone-treatment-without-estrogen-in-postmeno-recyjmlimpg6iz7ed/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"N Alojado","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D W McKay","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y M Vigna","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8840-192X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"1994-01-01","abstract":"Objective: To determine whether cyclic medroxyprogesterone treatment given without estrogen causes adverse symptoms in postmenopausal women.\n\nMethods: This was a placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover trial of 10 days/month of medroxyprogesterone and placebo treatments given during 2 consecutive months in random order. Participants recorded their physiologic and emotional experiences on a 0-4 scale using a daily diary form. Eleven postmenopausal women aged 43-63 completed the study. The subjects were not taking hormones. Height, weight, and serum estradiol concentration were measured once. In each woman, the sum of scores for the 10 days of medroxyprogesterone was compared to the sum of scores for the 10 days of placebo using nonparametric tests.\n\nResults: No significant differences in scores were found between the 10 days on medroxyprogesterone and the 10 days on placebo. The median and range for the composite scores for premenstrual-like symptoms were 26 (20-67) during medroxyprogesterone and 25 (19-40) during placebo (P = .39).\n\nConclusions: Medroxyprogesterone given alone does not cause adverse symptoms in postmenopausal women. Therefore, medroxyprogesterone therapy, by itself, cannot explain the side effects reported by postmenopausal women taking combined hormones.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"83","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"24","pageEnd":"28","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/amenorrhea-and-anovulation-risk-factors-for-osteoporosis-that-precede-menopause-reckteuroktdxhyra/","name":"Amenorrhea and Anovulation: Risk Factors for Osteoporosis That Precede Menopause","headline":"Amenorrhea and Anovulation: Risk Factors for Osteoporosis That Precede Menopause","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/amenorrhea-and-anovulation-risk-factors-for-osteoporosis-that-precede-menopause-reckteuroktdxhyra/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"N Alojado","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan I Barr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8701-7152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y M Vigna","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8840-192X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"1994-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical Perspectives in Obstetrics and Gynecology"},"pageStart":"79","pageEnd":"96","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4330-4_9","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/978-1-4612-4330-4_9"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-west-los-angeles-preterm-birth-prevention-project-i-program-impact-on-high-r-reczesbbyqgpvx6ax/","name":"The West Los Angeles Preterm Birth Prevention Project. I. Program impact on high-risk women","headline":"The West Los Angeles Preterm Birth Prevention Project. I. Program impact on high-risk women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-west-los-angeles-preterm-birth-prevention-project-i-program-impact-on-high-r-reczesbbyqgpvx6ax/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M G Ross","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5500-404X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Los Angeles","sameAs":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J R Bragonier","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Los Angeles","sameAs":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M B Bear","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Lundquist Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/025j2nd68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R L Bemis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Los Angeles","sameAs":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C J Hobel","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UCLA Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vq5kb54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Mori","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pammg90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Nessim","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pammg90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Sandhu","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pammg90"}}],"datePublished":"1994-01-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: The primary objective of this prospective study was to test whether preterm birth prevention education plus increased clinic visits and selected prophylactic interventions reduce preterm birth.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: Eight West Los Angeles prenatal county clinics, comparable with respect to selected demographics, were randomized to be either experimental or control clinics. High-risk patients in all clinics were identified with a risk scoring system derived from a similar population. High-risk patients (N = 1774) in experimental clinics were offered a program of education and more frequent visits and were randomized to receive various secondary intervention protocols in addition to the basic interventions of education and more frequent visits. Control clinic patients (N = 880) received standard county care.\n\nRESULTS: Preterm birth rates were 19% lower among the experimental high-risk patients (7.4% vs 9.1%), and differences were significant (p < 0.05) when preterm risk was taken into account. There was no evidence to suggest that the secondary interventions provided added benefit over the primary intervention protocol of preterm birth prevention education and increased visits.\n\nCONCLUSION: The 19% reduction in preterm birth rate observed in the experimental clinics suggest an overall program benefit from a protocol that offered education, more frequent visits, and greater attention given to patients while the selected interventions were applied.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"170","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1 Pt 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"54","pageEnd":"62","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9378(94)70384-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72747003"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0002-9378(94)70384-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8296845"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72747003"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-natural-methods-for-the-regulation-of-fertility-the-authentic-alternative-recm7wzwqitbi9vwu/","name":"The Natural Methods for the Regulation of Fertility: The Authentic Alternative","headline":"The Natural Methods for the Regulation of Fertility: The Authentic Alternative","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-natural-methods-for-the-regulation-of-fertility-the-authentic-alternative-recm7wzwqitbi9vwu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1994-01-01","abstract":"The following is an address presented to a summit meeting on natural family planning sponsored by the Pontifical Councilfor the Family in December, 1992\nI am honored and privileged to have this opportunity to be with all of you at this summit meeting on natural family planning. I wish to thank Alfonso Cardinal Lopez Trujillo for his invitation and all ofthe members ofthe Pontifical Council for their generosity and hospitality.\nI have been asked to discuss with you what has become known as the Creighton Model Natural Family Planning System. This system obtained its name from my personal association, in its early days of development, with Creighton University School of Medicine in Omaha, Nebraska. This discussion will be, by its very nature, a summary of work that has been done and work that is currently ongoing.\nThe Creighton Model is referred to as a \"model\" as opposed to a \"method\" because it is an integrated education, research and service oriented system which meets the demands of the allied health and medical professions in the field of natural family planning. This system was specifically built to accomplish accountability and competency through a strong professional infra-structure. At the same time, it has been built within the context of a Catholic ethical and moral service delivery framework. It uses a standardized modification of the Billings' Ovulation Method in accomplishing these goals.\nI personally became involved in natural family planning with a research project I did as a senior medical student in 1968. As I investigated the salivary albumin concentrations in women during the course of their menstrual cycles, I was looking for a reported decrease in albumin around the time of ovulation. Unfortunately, a project which I had no doubt would solve the problems related to natural family planning (sic), proved to be not a very good idea. . .","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"53","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"42","pageEnd":"49","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20508549.1995.11878291","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/20508549.1995.11878291"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-comprehensive-classification-of-ovulation-disorders-in-a-subfertility-populati-reci0hewghonbto6r/","name":"A Comprehensive Classification of Ovulation Disorders in a Subfertility Population as Defined by Ultrasound","headline":"A Comprehensive Classification of Ovulation Disorders in a Subfertility Population as Defined by Ultrasound","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-comprehensive-classification-of-ovulation-disorders-in-a-subfertility-populati-reci0hewghonbto6r/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yaksich P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarah Keck","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Creighton University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05wf30g94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fong N","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5909-4847","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Faculty of Health and Social Sciences"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1994-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancies-after-selective-salpingography-and-tubal-recanalization-recb9i6ubivvctjux/","name":"Pregnancies after selective salpingography and tubal recanalization","headline":"Pregnancies after selective salpingography and tubal recanalization","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancies-after-selective-salpingography-and-tubal-recanalization-recb9i6ubivvctjux/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A S Thurmond","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Legacy Meridian Park Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05kwbcj56"}}],"datePublished":"1994-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"190","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Radiology"}}},"pageStart":"11","pageEnd":"13","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1148/radiology.190.1.8259385","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72653101"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1148/radiology.190.1.8259385"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8259385"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72653101"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/restrained-eating-and-ovulatory-disturbances-possible-implications-for-bone-heal-recrdfgpkmk9wk1yo/","name":"Restrained eating and ovulatory disturbances: possible implications for bone  health","headline":"Restrained eating and ovulatory disturbances: possible implications for bone  health","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/restrained-eating-and-ovulatory-disturbances-possible-implications-for-bone-heal-recrdfgpkmk9wk1yo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Prior Jc","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan I Barr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8701-7152","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y M Vigna","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8840-192X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"1994-01-01","abstract":"We assessed the relationship between dietary restraint and menstrual cycle characteristics in 27 ovulatory women, previous participants in a longitudinal study of spinal cancellous bone mineral density (BMD). Subjects completed the restraint scale of the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire, recorded basal temperature and exercise for at least three menstrual cycles, and completed a 3-d food record. Cycle lengths of women in the upper and lower tertiles of scores for restraint were similar [27.8 +/- 1.0 (mean +/- SE) vs 27.6 +/- 0.8 d], but luteal phase length was shorter in the former group (8.6 +/- 0.9 vs 10.8 +/- 0.5 d, P < 0.05). Age, body mass index, percent body fat, waist-hip ratio, reported energy intake, and activity were similar between groups. Because the previous longitudinal study found associations between ovulatory disturbances and bone loss, we assessed spinal BMD using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and quantitative computed tomography (QCT). BMD of women in upper and lower restraint tertiles, respectively, did not differ: DXA, 1.15 +/- 0.05 vs 1.20 +/- 0.06 g/cm2; and QCT, 140 +/- 7 vs 133 +/- 7 mg/cm3. Additional prospective studies, however, appear warranted. In conclusion, this study's results provide evidence that high dietary restraint is associated with a shortened luteal phase length.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"59","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"}}},"pageStart":"92","pageEnd":"97","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/59.1.92","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72701682"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/ajcn/59.1.92"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8279410"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72701682"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/follow-up-and-family-study-of-postpartum-psychoses-part-i-overview-recihevqqus71l0ib/","name":"Follow-up and family study of postpartum psychoses. Part I: Overview","headline":"Follow-up and family study of postpartum psychoses. Part I: Overview","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/follow-up-and-family-study-of-postpartum-psychoses-part-i-overview-recihevqqus71l0ib/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J Schöpf","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Psychiatric University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Rust","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2737-1250","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital of Zurich","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01462r250"}}],"datePublished":"1994-01-01","abstract":"A group of 119 patients suffering from a severe psychiatric postpartum disorder who were admitted for the first time in their life to a psychiatric hospital has been investigated. The onset of illness occurred within 3 months following delivery. The patients represented 92% of the total sample fulfilling the inclusion criteria. A follow-up investigation was performed after a mean of 21 years (range 2-35 years). Of the patients 66% had nonpuerperal psychotic episodes in later life. The diagnosis, taking into account the long-term course, was affective psychosis in 57%, schizoaffective psychosis in 18%, schizophreniform psychosis in 12%, brief reactive psychosis in 4% and schizophrenia in 9%. A bipolar psychosis was found in 31%. The relation of unipolar to bipolar psychoses corresponded to that in a control group of affectively ill women without puerperal onset. The frequency of a manic syndrome in bipolar psychoses at the index episode was the same as in nonpuerperal episodes, which does not suggest a mania-provoking pathoplastic effect of the puerperium. The comparison with female nonpuerperal controls matched for age and diagnosis revealed evidence of a better long-term course in the index patients. The risk of a puerperal relapse for further pregnancies was 35%. The global morbidity risk for functional psychoses in first-degree relatives was 11%, with affective psychoses representing the majority of secondary cases (6.8%). The index patients showed a nonsignificant lower morbidity risk in relatives than a control group of psychotically ill women without puerperal onset. The major aetiological factor found for postpartum psychoses is the relation of these disorders to functional psychoses. There is strong evidence that the postpartum period tends to provoke affective psychoses and other nonschizophrenic psychoses, but not, or only to a lesser degree, narrowly defined schizophrenias. The liability to puerperal decompensations suggests some common pathophysiological mechanism, the nature of which remains unknown.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"244","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience"}}},"pageStart":"101","pageEnd":"111","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02193527","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72774187"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/BF02193527"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7948053"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72774187"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assessment-of-sperm-function-in-fertile-and-infertile-men-rec3yqkfnodqr0v59/","name":"Assessment of sperm function in fertile and infertile men","headline":"Assessment of sperm function in fertile and infertile men","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assessment-of-sperm-function-in-fertile-and-infertile-men-rec3yqkfnodqr0v59/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Wöhler"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eduardo Bustos‐Obregón","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047gc3g35"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Comhaire","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4841-0087","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ghent University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cv9y106"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Morales","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7290-7029","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E. Bustos-Obregón","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0776-7701","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"RTI International"}}],"datePublished":"1994-01-01","abstract":"The sperm function of fertile men (control), infertility patients (experimental), and men with varicocele were compared. The bioassays used were the follicular fluid-induced acrosome reaction, the binding to the zona pellucida, and the penetration of zona-free hamster oocytes. The percentage (mean +/- SEM) of reacted spermatozoa was 35 +/- 3 in the control, 22 +/- 1 in the experimental, and 22 +/- 3 in the varicocele. The minimum value of acrosome reaction in control men was 20%. The mean number of zona-bound spermatozoa was 250 +/- 30 in the control, 160 +/- 28 in the experimental, and 196 +/- 44 in the varicocele. The minimum number of zona bound spermatozoa in control men was 50. The mean number of hamster oocytes penetrated was 50 +/- 8 in the control, 19 +/- 3% in the experimental, and 10 +/- 3 in the varicocele. The minimum number of oocytes penetrated in control men was 6%. In the experimental group, 22 men had a normal sperm function, 58 had 1 or 2 bioassays below the minimum (relative dysfunction), and 10 had all bioassay below the minimum (abnormal sperm function). The results of these bioassays could help to reclassify the infertile men in several subgroups.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"26","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Andrologia"}}},"pageStart":"55","pageEnd":"60","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0272.1994.tb00756.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49112554"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1439-0272.1994.tb00756.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8042770"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q49112554"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/meconium-stained-amniotic-fluid-and-respiratory-complications-impact-of-selectiv-recqrnr2k85tr8bpy/","name":"Meconium-stained amniotic fluid and respiratory complications: impact of selective tracheal suction","headline":"Meconium-stained amniotic fluid and respiratory complications: impact of selective tracheal suction","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/meconium-stained-amniotic-fluid-and-respiratory-complications-impact-of-selectiv-recqrnr2k85tr8bpy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yoder BA"}],"datePublished":"1994-01-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine prospectively the incidence of several pulmonary diagnoses among infants born through clear or meconium-stained amniotic fluid (AF) managed by a selective approach to tracheal intubation.\n\nMETHODS: All live births greater than 36 weeks' gestation occurring between January 1990 and December 1992 were included. Diagnostic criteria for several respiratory disorders were determined prospectively and monitored. Infants with light meconium and vigorous infants with moderate to thick meconium were selectively not suctioned. A control group of infants with clear AF matched for gestational age and year of birth was randomly selected for comparison. The incidence and severity of respiratory disease were compared between the groups.\n\nRESULTS: Of 4938 live births, 799 (16%) had meconium-stained AF (light, 334; moderate to thick, 465). Compared to 211 infants with moderate to thick meconium selectively not suctioned, 196 suctioned infants had significantly greater rates of abnormal fetal heart rate (FHR) patterns, fetal acidosis, low Apgar scores at 5 minutes, need for resuscitation, and neonatal intensive care unit admission. Meconium aspiration syndrome was significantly more common in suctioned infants as compared to those selectively not suctioned, those with light meconium, and those with clear fluid (11 versus 3 versus 0 versus 0%; P < .01). The need for ventilator or oxygen support was similar between infants with clear fluid, lightly stained fluid, and moderate to thick fluid who were selectively not suctioned, but was significantly greater among suctioned infants (P < .01).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: We conclude that a selective approach to tracheal intubation and suction of infants with meconium-stained AF was not associated with increased pulmonary morbidity or mortality. Postnatal management of neonates at greatest risk of meconium aspiration syndrome does not necessarily prevent adverse pulmonary outcome.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"83","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"77","pageEnd":"84","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-1993-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-1993-vybnfybu/","name":"DIR Jahrbuch 1993 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 1993)","headline":"DIR Jahrbuch 1993 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 1993)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-1993-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-1993-vybnfybu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register e.V."}],"datePublished":"1994-01-01","abstract":"Annual report (Jahrbuch) of the Deutsches IVF-Register (DIR) for treatment year 1993. DIR is the German national IVF/ICSI registry, founded 1982 — the oldest continuously operating ART registry. Voluntary professional-society database with high de-facto coverage of German fertility centres. Reports cycles, transfers, pregnancies and clinical outcomes by treatment type (IVF, ICSI, frozen embryo transfer, donor). German-language registry document. Used as a Phase B historical-archive source for the ART Registry Comparison study (cross-registry classification by reporting completeness on 7 framework dimensions).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register Jahrbuch"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prospective-european-multi-center-study-of-natural-family-planning-1989-1992-int-recrfeqxr9bxcfsu0/","name":"Prospective European multi-center study of natural family planning (1989-1992):  interim results. The European Natural Family Planning Study Groups","headline":"Prospective European multi-center study of natural family planning (1989-1992):  interim results. The European Natural Family Planning Study Groups","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prospective-european-multi-center-study-of-natural-family-planning-1989-1992-int-recrfeqxr9bxcfsu0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"No Authors Listed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4186-1435","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad de Granada"}}],"datePublished":"1993-12-01","abstract":"Since 1989 an international multicenter prospective study to evaluate the effectiveness and acceptability of natural family planning (NFP) methods in Europe has been conducted by the NFP Research Center at the University of Düsseldorf in collaboration with the European Zone of the International Federation for Family Life Promotion (IFFLP). Fourteen NFP-organizations from nine European countries participate in the study. Cycle data from women in the fertile age group are transferred to a special standard computer sheet by the respective organizations and forwarded at three-monthly intervals to the study center for analyses. To date, 10,045 cycles from 900 women aged between 19 and 54 years have been analyzed. This paper presents the pregnancy rate for the women aged between 19 and 45 years of age, who contributed 9284 cycles. In the analyses the cycles were subdivided into two categories consequent to sexual practices during the fertile phase: group I (NFP only--4277 cycles) use only NFP to avoid a pregnancy; group II (FA/mix--5007 cycles) where barrier methods or coitus interruptus during the fertile phase, at least in some cycles, were used to avoid a pregnancy. The women used different clinical indicators such as basal body temperature (BBT), cervical mucus, calculations, cyclical cervical changes or combinations of these to determine the beginning and the end of the fertile phase necessitating a further division into four subgroups, A, B, C, D, and different efficiency rates for each of these groups. In group A (symptothermal method, double check) 15 unintended pregnancies (UIP) occurred in 7404 cycles, giving a pregnancy rate of 2.4 Pearl Index (PI); in group B (muco-thermal method) there were 12 UIP in 1352 cycles with a pregnancy rate of 10.6 (PI); in group C (mucus to detect the beginning and mucus and BBT to determine the end of the fertile phase) there was one UIP in 434 cycles, and in group D (mucus method only) there was one IUP in 70 cycles. The numbers in group C and D are too small to calculate a pregnancy rate (PI). No pregnancy was observed in women over 40 years of age. Our conclusion from these preliminary results is that in the continent of Europe, the symptothermal method when used with periodic abstinence (NFP only = group I) and fertility awareness with the use of barriers during the fertile phase (FA/mix = group II) are effective methods of family planning.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Advances in Contraception : the Official Journal of the Society for the  Advancement of Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"269","pageEnd":"283","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-fertility-drugs-and-in-vitro-methods-on-the-outcome-of-106-triplet-recmhjenjfhdjev6i/","name":"The effect of fertility drugs and in vitro methods on the outcome of 106 triplet pregnancies","headline":"The effect of fertility drugs and in vitro methods on the outcome of 106 triplet pregnancies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-fertility-drugs-and-in-vitro-methods-on-the-outcome-of-106-triplet-recmhjenjfhdjev6i/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S Lipitz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4994-6860","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tel Aviv University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mhzgx49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D S Seidman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7765-822X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f54p054"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Alcalay","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8970-3516","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tel Aviv University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mhzgx49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Achiron","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8294-3672","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tel Aviv University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mhzgx49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Mashiach","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tel Aviv University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mhzgx49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brian Reichman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Meir Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04pc7j325"}}],"datePublished":"1993-12-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To compare the effect of fertility drugs and IVF on the outcome of triplet pregnancies.\n\nDESIGN: Prospective clinical study.\n\nSETTING: A single university medical center.\n\nPATIENTS: One hundred six consecutive triplet pregnancies treated from 1984 through 1992.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The frequency of pregnancy loss, livebirths, and antenatal and neonatal complications was compared in spontaneous, clomiphene citrate (CC), menotropins, and IVF triplet pregnancies.\n\nRESULTS: Eighty-one of the 106 (76.4%) triplet pregnancies progressed beyond 25 weeks, comprising 6 of 7 (85.7%) spontaneous pregnancies, 13 of 16 (81.2%) CC induced, 44 of 56 (78.6%) menotropin induced, and 18 of 27 (66.6%) IVF gestations. There were no significant differences in the stillbirth and neonatal mortality rates according to the mode of conception. The mean gestational ages and the mean birth weights were similar in the four groups. The frequency of premature contractions, premature rupture of membranes, cesarean section, and neonatal complications were similar in the ovulation induction and IVF pregnancies.\n\nCONCLUSION: Triplet pregnancies after ovulation induction and IVF have a similar outcome.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"60","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1031","pageEnd":"1034","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56405-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47872894"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56405-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8243681"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47872894"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-natural-methods-have-cross-cultural-appeal-recozeg9w5rgb6j1q/","name":"Natural family planning. Natural methods have cross cultural appeal","headline":"Natural family planning. Natural methods have cross cultural appeal","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-natural-methods-have-cross-cultural-appeal-recozeg9w5rgb6j1q/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J J Billings","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9513-4057","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Vincent's HospitalMelbourne"}}],"datePublished":"1993-11-20","abstract":"good of all, and above all, for the protection of the weak.\"2I submit that, no matter how appealing a marketplace model may seem for the NHS, it is a business model.As such the destruction of either purchaser or provider is eventually certain, with the barbarisation of the survivor.It is not too late for consortiums of purchasers and consortiums of providers to join forces and become one NHS again.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"307","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6915","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.)"}}},"pageStart":"1357","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.307.6915.1357-b","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43150748"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj.307.6915.1357-b"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8257902"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43150748"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-demand-is-increasing-tdjp1jri/","name":"Natural family planning. Demand is increasing","headline":"Natural family planning. Demand is increasing","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-demand-is-increasing-tdjp1jri/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E Odeblad","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sabbatsberg Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dkvrg87"}}],"datePublished":"1993-11-20","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"307","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6915","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BMJ (Clinical research ed.)"}}},"pageStart":"1359","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.307.6915.1359-b","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43150707"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj.307.6915.1359-b"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8257909"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43150707"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metabolic-clearance-rate-of-equilin-sulfate-and-its-conversion-to-plasma-equilin-recuenmhzvx4mbqsi/","name":"Metabolic clearance rate of equilin sulfate and its conversion to plasma equilin, conjugated and unconjugated equilenin, 17 beta-dihydroequilin, and 17 beta-dihydroequilenin in normal postmenopausal women and men under steady state conditions","headline":"Metabolic clearance rate of equilin sulfate and its conversion to plasma equilin, conjugated and unconjugated equilenin, 17 beta-dihydroequilin, and 17 beta-dihydroequilenin in normal postmenopausal women and men under steady state conditions","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metabolic-clearance-rate-of-equilin-sulfate-and-its-conversion-to-plasma-equilin-recuenmhzvx4mbqsi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"B R Bhavnani","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Cecutti","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}}],"datePublished":"1993-11-01","abstract":"The constant infusion of [3H]equilin sulfate ([3H]EqS) was used to estimate the MCR of equilin sulfate (EqS) and to measure the conversion of this estrogen to equilin (Eq), equilenin (Eqn), equilenin sulfate (EqnS), 17 beta-dihydroequilin (17 beta-Eq), 17 beta-dihydroequilin sulfate (17 beta-EqS), 17 beta-dihydroequilenin (17 beta-Eqn), and 17 beta-dihydroequilenin sulfate (17 beta-EqnS) in normal postmenopausal women and men. Infusion of [3H]EqS was started in five postmenopausal women and two men 30 min after a priming dose and continued at a constant rate of 12-15 microCi/h for 3 h. Blood samples were taken 15 min before the end of infusion, at the end of the infusion, and 15 min after the end of infusion. Unconjugated and sulfate-conjugated Eq, Eqn, 17 beta-Eq, and 17 beta-Eqn were isolated from plasma. The mean MCR of EqS was calculated to be 280 +/- 24 L/day or 170 +/- 18 L/day.m2. The mean conversion ratios for precursor EqS to product 17 beta-EqS, EqnS, 17 beta-EqnS, 17 beta-Eq, Eq, Eqn, and 17 beta-Eqn were 0.300, 0.190, 0.100, 0.020, 0.016, 0.008, and 0.004 respectively. In both the sulfate-conjugated and unconjugated forms, 17 beta-Eq was the most abundant metabolite formed. 17 beta-Eq estrogen is a potent uterotropic agent and has a much higher affinity for estrogen receptors than Eq. Its formation may be of importance in the overall biological activity of EqS present in conjugated equine estrogen preparations.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"77","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"1269","pageEnd":"1274","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem.77.5.8077320","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72165975"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jcem.77.5.8077320"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8077320"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72165975"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-value-of-luteal-support-with-progesterone-in-gonadotropin-induced-cycles-rec1gdmc6xioxplqo/","name":"The value of luteal support with progesterone in gonadotropin-induced cycles","headline":"The value of luteal support with progesterone in gonadotropin-induced cycles","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-value-of-luteal-support-with-progesterone-in-gonadotropin-induced-cycles-rec1gdmc6xioxplqo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C J C M Hamilton","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7918-6617","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hamilton CJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kamal Jaroudi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05n0wgt02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"U V Sieck","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05n0wgt02"}}],"datePublished":"1993-11-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of luteal support with vaginal P suppositories","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"60","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"786","pageEnd":"790","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56277-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72565458"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56277-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8224262"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72565458"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/laparoscopic-excision-of-endometriosis-with-3mm-scissors-comparison-of-operating-wlqzndfr/","name":"Laparoscopic excision of endometriosis with 3-mm scissors: comparison of operating times between sharp excision and electro-excision","headline":"Laparoscopic excision of endometriosis with 3-mm scissors: comparison of operating times between sharp excision and electro-excision","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/laparoscopic-excision-of-endometriosis-with-3mm-scissors-comparison-of-operating-wlqzndfr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"David B Redwine","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Charles Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02stwhg86"}}],"datePublished":"1993-11-01","abstract":"To determine if laparoscopic excision of endometriosis by electrosurgery is more rapid than by sharp dissection, a retrospective comparative study was made of operative times for the two procedures. Median operating times for laparoscopic electro-excision of endometriosis were 26% to 49% faster than excision by sharp dissection. A chi2 analysis of the frequency counts of surgical intervals, and disease stage revealed this difference to be statistically significant and not due to acquired experience or differences in extent of disease in the two groups. The reduction in operating time achieved with monopolar electro-excision seems primarily associated with a more rapid cutting action with simultaneous coagulation of bleeders.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of the American Association of Gynecologic Laparoscopists"}}},"pageStart":"24","pageEnd":"30","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s1074-3804(05)80754-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73110324"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s1074-3804(05)80754-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"9050456"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73110324"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-flax-seed-ingestion-on-the-menstrual-cycle-recgv3c1ufwlve4ew/","name":"Effect of flax seed ingestion on the menstrual cycle","headline":"Effect of flax seed ingestion on the menstrual cycle","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-flax-seed-ingestion-on-the-menstrual-cycle-recgv3c1ufwlve4ew/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marco Martini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9252-6389","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Rochester","sameAs":"https://ror.org/022kthw22"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J W Lampe","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2717-3780","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Rochester","sameAs":"https://ror.org/022kthw22"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joanne Slavin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0720-5300","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Rochester","sameAs":"https://ror.org/022kthw22"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M S Kurzer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2191-6459","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Rochester","sameAs":"https://ror.org/022kthw22"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W R Phipps","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Rochester","sameAs":"https://ror.org/022kthw22"}}],"datePublished":"1993-11-01","abstract":"Lignans are a group of phytochemicals shown to have weakly estrogenic and antiestrogenic properties. Two specific lignans, enterodiol and enterolactone, are absorbed after formation in the intestinal tract from plant precursors particularly abundant in fiber-rich food and are excreted in the urine. We evaluated the effect of the ingestion of flax seed powder, known to produce high concentrations of urinary lignans, on the menstrual cycle in 18 normally cycling women, using a balanced randomized cross-over design. Each subject consumed her usual omnivorous, low fiber (control) diet for 3 cycles and her usual diet supplemented with flax seed for another 3 cycles. The second and third flax cycles were compared to the second and third control cycles. Three anovulatory cycles occurred during the 36 control cycles, compared to none during the 36 flax seed cycles. Compared to the ovulatory control cycles, the ovulatory flax cycles were consistently associated with longer luteal phase (LP) lengths (mean +/- SEM, 12.6 +/- 0.4 vs. 11.4 +/- 0.4 days; P = 0.002). There were no significant differences between flax and control cycles for concentrations of either estradiol or estrone during the early follicular phase, midfollicular phase, or LP. Although flax seed ingestion had no significant effect on LP progesterone concentrations, the LP progesterone/estradiol ratios were significantly higher during the flax cycles. Midfollicular phase testosterone concentrations were slightly higher during flax cycles. Flax seed ingestion had no effect on early follicular phase concentrations of DHEA-S, PRL, or sex hormone-binding globulin. Our data suggest a significant specific role for lignans in the relationship between diet and sex steroid action, and possibly between diet and the risk of breast and other hormonally dependent cancers.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"77","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"1215","pageEnd":"1219","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem.77.5.8077314","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72165958"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jcem.77.5.8077314"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8077314"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72165958"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluation-of-threatened-preterm-delivery-by-transvaginal-ultrasonographic-measu-recmdhoa8djvnb51p/","name":"Evaluation of threatened preterm delivery by transvaginal ultrasonographic measurement of cervical length","headline":"Evaluation of threatened preterm delivery by transvaginal ultrasonographic measurement of cervical length","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluation-of-threatened-preterm-delivery-by-transvaginal-ultrasonographic-measu-recmdhoa8djvnb51p/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Murakawa H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Utumi T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hasegawa I"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fuzimori R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kenjiro Tanaka","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3098-4760","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aichi Gakuin University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01rwx7470"}}],"datePublished":"1993-11-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To establish a nomogram for the length of the uterocervical canal and to determine whether this can be used to predict preterm delivery.\n\nMETHODS: Cervical length was measured by transvaginal ultrasonography in 32 women (21 primigravid, 11 multigravid) with threatened preterm delivery, and in 177 normal singleton pregnancies between 18-37 weeks' gestation. Regression analysis was used to create the nomogram. Student t test was used to compare the groups.\n\nRESULTS: A linear relationship was found between cervical length and gestational age (r = -0.4, P < .001). Comparison of cervical length on admission in the patients with threatened preterm delivery showed that 11 preterm deliveries occurred in women who had a mean cervical length of 23.2 mm (range 17-29), whereas 21 term deliveries occurred in women with a mean cervical length of 31.7 mm (range 21-42). The difference was significant (P < .001). A cervical length of less than 20 mm on admission had a positive predictive value of 100%. These patients had preterm delivery despite tocolytic therapy during hospitalization.\n\nCONCLUSION: The risk of preterm delivery is high in women whose cervical length on admission is less than 30 mm, and strict management is required for those with a cervical length of less than 20 mm.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"82","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"829","pageEnd":"832","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-and-catholic-hospitals-a-national-survey-recikag4epd3qakqt/","name":"Natural Family Planning and Catholic Hospitals: A National Survey","headline":"Natural Family Planning and Catholic Hospitals: A National Survey","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-and-catholic-hospitals-a-national-survey-recikag4epd3qakqt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Carl Frederik Werner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1950-2732","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"American Academy of Arts and Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/018224621"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}}],"datePublished":"1993-11-01","abstract":"A recent survey conducted by the American Academy of Natural Family Planning (AANFP) found that over 55% of Catholic hospitals surveyed either provide or would like to provide some form of Natural Family Planning (NFP) services. In addition, over 60% of the respondents felt that NFP should be part of the mission of a Catholic hospital.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"60","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"29","pageEnd":"34","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20508549.1993.11878225","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/20508549.1993.11878225"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevention-of-preeclampsia-with-low-dose-aspirin-in-healthy-nulliparous-pregnant-recmhrv4xmpurfhud/","name":"Prevention of preeclampsia with low-dose aspirin in healthy, nulliparous pregnant women. The National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Network of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units","headline":"Prevention of preeclampsia with low-dose aspirin in healthy, nulliparous pregnant women. The National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Network of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevention-of-preeclampsia-with-low-dose-aspirin-in-healthy-nulliparous-pregnant-recmhrv4xmpurfhud/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Baha M. Sibai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9982-7873","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tennessee at Knoxville","sameAs":"https://ror.org/020f3ap87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Steve N Caritis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2169-0712","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pittsburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Thom","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1395-3527","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"George Washington University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00y4zzh67"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mark A. Klebanoff","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Health and Human Development (2HD) Research Network","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05asga947"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roberto Romero","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4448-5121","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Frank R. Witter","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jefferson Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03s54zb62"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard Depp","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jefferson Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03s54zb62"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D McNellis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R H Paul","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jefferson Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03s54zb62"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Rocco","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jefferson Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03s54zb62"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Rosen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2968-8959"}],"datePublished":"1993-10-21","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Although low-dose aspirin has been reported to reduce the incidence of preeclampsia among women at high risk for this complication, its efficacy and safety in healthy, nulliparous pregnant women are not known.\n\nMETHODS: We studied 3135 normotensive nulliparous women who were 13 to 26 weeks pregnant to determine whether treatment with aspirin reduced the incidence of preeclampsia. Of this group, 1570 women received 60 mg of aspirin per day and 1565 received placebo for the remainder of their pregnancies. We also evaluated the effect of aspirin on maternal and neonatal morbidity.\n\nRESULTS: Of the original group of 3135 women, 2985 (95 percent) were followed throughout pregnancy and the immediate puerperium. The incidence of preeclampsia was lower in the aspirin group (69 of 1485 women [4.6 percent]) than in the placebo group (94 of 1500 women [6.3 percent]) (relative risk, 0.7; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.6 to 1.0; P = 0.05), whereas the incidence of gestational hypertension was 6.7 and 5.9 percent, respectively. There were no significant differences in the infants' birth weight or in the incidence of fetal growth retardation, postpartum hemorrhage, or neonatal bleeding problems between the two groups. Subgroup analysis showed that preeclampsia occurred primarily in women whose initial systolic blood pressure was 120 to 134 mm Hg (incidence among such women, 5.6 percent in the aspirin group vs. 11.9 percent in the placebo group; P = 0.01). The incidence of abruptio placentae was greater among the women who received aspirin (11 women, vs. 2 in the placebo group; P = 0.01).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Low-dose aspirin decreases the incidence of preeclampsia among nulliparous women, primarily through its effect in those who have elevated systolic blood pressure initially. This treatment does not decrease perinatal morbidity but increases the risk of abruptio placentae.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"329","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"1213","pageEnd":"1218","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199310213291701","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61845775"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJM199310213291701"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8413387"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q61845775"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/salpingitis-isthmica-nodosa-a-review-of-the-literature-discussion-of-clinical-si-recxklehzosd9caqk/","name":"Salpingitis isthmica nodosa: a review of the literature, discussion of clinical significance, and consideration of patient management","headline":"Salpingitis isthmica nodosa: a review of the literature, discussion of clinical significance, and consideration of patient management","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/salpingitis-isthmica-nodosa-a-review-of-the-literature-discussion-of-clinical-si-recxklehzosd9caqk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S R Williams","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3255-5119","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Riverside Methodist Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02hsexy86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C S Jenkins","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Riverside Methodist Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02hsexy86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G E Schmidt","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Riverside Methodist Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02hsexy86"}}],"datePublished":"1993-10-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: To examine and discuss the pathology, diagnosis, incidence, and patient profile of salpingitis isthmica nodosa and to question its natural history, propose management strategies, and identify areas of promising research.\n\nDESIGN: Over 50 studies were reviewed, evaluated, and compared to offer the clinician a foundation on which to generate treatment plans.\n\nRESULTS: Salpingitis isthmica nodosa is diagnosed by the pathological presence of isthmic diverticula and may be suggested by characteristic changes on hysterosalpingogram. Its incidence in healthy, fertile women ranges from 0.6% to 11%, but it is significantly more common in the setting of ectopic pregnancy and infertility. There are no studies, retrospective or prospective, that clearly dictate appropriate therapy.\n\nCONCLUSION: Given its progressive nature and probable deleterious effects on fertility, we propose that microtubal surgery be the definitive treatment for qualified women who have salpingitis isthmica nodosa.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"60","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"599","pageEnd":"607","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56207-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34357743"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56207-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8405510"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34357743"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relationship-between-c-reactive-protein-levels-and-intraamniotic-infection-in-wo-receswcrbatkifxam/","name":"Relationship between C-reactive protein levels and intraamniotic infection in women with preterm labor","headline":"Relationship between C-reactive protein levels and intraamniotic infection in women with preterm labor","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relationship-between-c-reactive-protein-levels-and-intraamniotic-infection-in-wo-receswcrbatkifxam/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mazor M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kassis A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Horowitz S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wiznitzer A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kuperman O"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Meril C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Glezerman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9175-2253","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tel Aviv University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mhzgx49"}}],"datePublished":"1993-10-01","abstract":"The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and intraamniotic infection in 48 women presenting with preterm labor and intact membranes. Blood samples for CRP tests were obtained immediately before the performance of transabdominal amniocentesis. The prevalence of amniotic fluid cultures positive for organisms was 14.6%. In 16 women (33.3%) positive CRP levels were obtained. There were no significant differences in the prematurity rate or the prevalence of microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity between women with positive CRP levels and women with negative levels. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values for the detection of amniotic infection were 71.5%, 73.2%, 31.3% and 93.8%, respectively. Based on these results, we suggest that in women with preterm labor and negative CRP levels, routine amniocentesis may not be essential to the initial workup.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"38","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"799","pageEnd":"803","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluation-of-the-impact-of-intraobserver-variability-on-endometrial-dating-and--recqhwocyzrtw8v97/","name":"Evaluation of the impact of intraobserver variability on endometrial dating and the diagnosis of luteal phase defects","headline":"Evaluation of the impact of intraobserver variability on endometrial dating and the diagnosis of luteal phase defects","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluation-of-the-impact-of-intraobserver-variability-on-endometrial-dating-and--recqhwocyzrtw8v97/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard T Scott","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2572-3980","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wilford Hall Ambulatory Surgical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/025m0q735"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K D Reed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7977-9445","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wilford Hall Ambulatory Surgical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/025m0q735"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C F Adair","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wilford Hall Ambulatory Surgical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/025m0q735"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J W Bagnall","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wilford Hall Ambulatory Surgical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/025m0q735"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S D Hensley","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wilford Hall Ambulatory Surgical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/025m0q735"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R R Snyder","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wilford Hall Ambulatory Surgical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/025m0q735"}}],"datePublished":"1993-10-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine the magnitude of intraobserver variation in dating endometrial biopsies and its impact on clinical management.\n\nDESIGN: Blinded histopathologic interpretation of endometrial biopsy specimens 1 year apart by five pathologists.\n\nSETTING: Large military tertiary care center.\n\nPATIENTS: Endometrial biopsy specimens from 51 patients undergoing evaluation for potential luteal phase defects.\n\nINTERVENTIONS: None.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Calculation of the magnitude of the individual and overall intraobserver variation in endometrial dating for the five pathologists and estimation of its potential impact on clinical management.\n\nRESULTS: The intraobserver variation was 0.69 +/- 0.05 days (means +/- SE). There was no significant difference in the magnitude of the variation for 1-day or 2-day dating ranges. The theoretical probability of altering clinical management by having the same pathologist redate a given specimen ranged from 15% to 28%.\n\nCONCLUSION: Histologic dating of endometrial biopsies is subject to a small but highly clinically significant intraobserver variability that may have a major impact on clinical management.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"60","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"652","pageEnd":"657","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56216-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47340431"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56216-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8405519"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47340431"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-field-trial-of-billings-ovulation-method-for-spacing-and-limitation-of-birth-recjbdilgi0mxvuwa/","name":"A field trial of Billings' ovulation method for spacing and limitation of birth","headline":"A field trial of Billings' ovulation method for spacing and limitation of birth","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-field-trial-of-billings-ovulation-method-for-spacing-and-limitation-of-birth-recjbdilgi0mxvuwa/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A Sinha","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4368-4177"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sinha G","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9363-9484"}],"datePublished":"1993-10-01","abstract":"In spite of constant efforts by health and social workers, existing family planning measures are not used by a vast majority of eligible couples. This is because of the fear that the method may affect their health and happiness. Billings' ovulation method is based on the scientific observation that by noting the changes in cervical mucus, which is clear, slippery and copious in periovulatory period, it is possible to prevent pregnancy by avoiding intercourse during this period. As this method does not require the use of drugs or devices it was decided to promote this method in the urban areas and slums of Patna, Bihar where couples were not using other methods. This is not a comparative study of the cost-effectiveness of Billings' ovulation method versus other contraceptive measures at all. An analysis of 501 cases (267 in urban and 234 in slums) over a period of 2 1/2 years has been presented and it is gratifying to note that the couples from all religions and strata of the society (nearly 47% were slum dwellers) agreed to continue this method.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"91","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of the Indian Medical Association"}}},"pageStart":"255","pageEnd":"256","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/characteristics-of-women-in-preterm-labor-associated-with-elevated-c-reactive-pr-rectfejw8g2mvntko/","name":"Characteristics of women in preterm labor associated with elevated C-reactive protein levels","headline":"Characteristics of women in preterm labor associated with elevated C-reactive protein levels","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/characteristics-of-women-in-preterm-labor-associated-with-elevated-c-reactive-pr-rectfejw8g2mvntko/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kiviat NB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D A Eschenbach","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S L Hillier","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M A Krohn","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5014-8017","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D H Watts","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M H Wener","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}}],"datePublished":"1993-10-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate clinical, microbiologic, and histologic findings associated with elevated C-reactive protein levels among women in preterm labor or with preterm premature rupture of the membranes (PROM).\n\nMETHODS: Obstetric data, serum C-reactive protein levels, and amniotic fluid (AF) and chorioamniotic membrane cultures and histology were obtained on 203 women presenting between 22-34 weeks' gestation in preterm labor or with PROM.\n\nRESULTS: Women with C-reactive protein greater than 1.5 mg/dL were more likely to deliver within 7 days of enrollment (54 of 68, 79%) than were women with normal C-reactive protein levels (45 of 135, 33%) (P < .001). The median C-reactive protein levels and association with rapid delivery did not differ between women with intact versus ruptured membranes. Elevated C-reactive protein levels were associated with a positive AF culture among women in preterm labor with intact membranes. To control for confounding by a long interval to delivery, only the group delivering within 7 days was considered for evaluation of C-reactive protein levels and placental and infant outcome. Among women delivering within 7 days, elevated C-reactive protein was associated with the development of clinical chorioamnionitis and with infant death before hospital discharge, but not with a positive membrane culture or histologic chorioamnionitis.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Elevated C-reactive protein appears to be associated with AF infection, delivery within 7 days of admission, and infant death among women delivering preterm, but not with membrane infection or inflammation. Elevated C-reactive protein may be helpful in determining the need for AF culture and in targeting studies of antibiotic therapy among women in preterm labor or with preterm PROM.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"82","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4 Pt 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"509","pageEnd":"514","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-controlled-trial-of-intravaginal-estriol-in-postmenopausal-women-with-recurren-recxsrvxcqxcjskr6/","name":"A controlled trial of intravaginal estriol in postmenopausal women with recurrent urinary tract infections","headline":"A controlled trial of intravaginal estriol in postmenopausal women with recurrent urinary tract infections","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-controlled-trial-of-intravaginal-estriol-in-postmenopausal-women-with-recurren-recxsrvxcqxcjskr6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R Raz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Emek Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02b988t02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W E Stamm","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}}],"datePublished":"1993-09-09","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Recurrent urinary tract infections are a problem for many postmenopausal women. Estrogen replacement restores atrophic mucosa, lowers vaginal pH, and may prevent urinary tract infections.\n\nMETHODS: We enrolled 93 postmenopausal women with a history of recurrent urinary tract infections in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of a topically applied intravaginal estriol cream. Midstream urine cultures were obtained at enrollment, monthly for eight months, and whenever urinary symptoms occurred. Vaginal cultures and pH measurements were obtained at entry and after one and eight months. The women were assigned to receive either estriol (n = 50) or placebo (n = 43), both administered intravaginally; 36 and 24, respectively, completed the eight months of follow-up.\n\nRESULTS: The incidence of urinary tract infection in the group given estriol was significantly reduced as compared with that in the group given placebo (0.5 vs. 5.9 episodes per patient-year, P < 0.001). Survival analysis showed that more of the women in the estriol group than in the placebo group remained free of urinary tract infection (P < 0.001). Lactobacilli were absent in all vaginal cultures before treatment and reappeared after one month in 22 of 36 estriol-treated women (61 percent) but in none of the 24 placebo recipients (P < 0.001). With estriol the mean vaginal pH declined from 5.5 to 3.8 (P < 0.001), whereas there was no significant change with placebo. The rate of vaginal colonization with Enterobacteriaceae fell from 67 percent to 31 percent in estriol recipients but was virtually unchanged (from 67 to 63 percent) in the placebo recipients (P < 0.005). Side effects were minor, but caused 10 estriol recipients (28 percent) and 4 placebo recipients (17 percent) to discontinue treatment.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: The intravaginal administration of estriol prevents recurrent urinary tract infection in postmenopausal women, probably by modifying the vaginal flora.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"329","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"753","pageEnd":"756","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199309093291102","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72878314"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJM199309093291102"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8350884"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72878314"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/an-audit-of-the-obstetric-outcome-of-148-consecutive-pregnancies-from-assisted-c-reccbx9d4bhl0yebm/","name":"An audit of the obstetric outcome of 148 consecutive pregnancies from assisted conception: implications for neonatal services","headline":"An audit of the obstetric outcome of 148 consecutive pregnancies from assisted conception: implications for neonatal services","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/an-audit-of-the-obstetric-outcome-of-148-consecutive-pregnancies-from-assisted-c-reccbx9d4bhl0yebm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"P. McFaul","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ninewells Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/039c6rk82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nisha Patel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9197-5150","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ninewells Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/039c6rk82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"James L Mills","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4955-4384","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ninewells Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/039c6rk82"}}],"datePublished":"1993-09-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To assess the outcome of pregnancy following assisted conception.\n\nDESIGN: Cohort descriptive study.\n\nSETTING: Unit of Reproductive Medicine, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School.\n\nSUBJECTS: One hundred and forty-eight consecutive assisted conceptions.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Patient characteristics and outcome of pregnancy.\n\nRESULTS: Seventy-nine percent of mothers were aged between 26 and 35 years (mean 31.4). The main causes of infertility were tubal (48%), unexplained (35%), anovulatory (8%) and male factor (8%). Primary infertility accounted for 61% of cases and 82% of pregnancies occurred within 3 treatment cycles. Thirty-five (24%) pregnancies miscarried before 14 weeks and 7 (5%) between 15 and 24 weeks gestation. One hundred and three pregnancies resulted in 136 liveborn infants. There was one neonatal death. Thirty-five babies were admitted to SCBU. Antenatally, 13% of patients were admitted to hospital with hypertension and 8% with APH; 50% of multiple and 13% of singleton pregnancies were delivered prematurely, 68% following preterm labour. There were 28 sets of twins (four miscarried at less than 24 weeks) and four sets of triplets. Multiple pregnancy was not associated with cause of infertility, treatment, age or ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. Seventy-eight per cent of singletons and 50% of multipara were delivered vaginally.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Our data confirm the high incidence of pregnancy loss and preterm delivery associated with assisted conception once allowing for the high rate of multiple pregnancies. The effect of assisted conception programme on health services is discussed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"100","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"820","pageEnd":"825","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1993.tb14306.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72551197"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1471-0528.1993.tb14306.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8218001"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72551197"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/expanded-polytetrafluoroethylene-but-not-oxidized-regenerated-cellulose-prevents-recfrzbv3j4m83y2e/","name":"Expanded-polytetrafluoroethylene but not oxidized regenerated cellulose prevents adhesion formation and reformation in a mouse uterine horn model of surgical injury","headline":"Expanded-polytetrafluoroethylene but not oxidized regenerated cellulose prevents adhesion formation and reformation in a mouse uterine horn model of surgical injury","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/expanded-polytetrafluoroethylene-but-not-oxidized-regenerated-cellulose-prevents-recfrzbv3j4m83y2e/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A F Haney","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Doty","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5645-8246","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Durham Technical Community College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03fm7wh60"}}],"datePublished":"1993-09-01","abstract":"Objective: To evaluate the ability of the two currently available surgical barriers, oxidized regenerated cellulose and expanded-polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), to prevent postsurgical adhesions.\nDesign: Murine uterine horns were approximated in the midline and the contacting uterine surfaces injured by electrocautery, cutting, and scratching, with and without barriers interposed. Sham-operated and experimental animals had adhesions assessed visually and histologically 7 days postoperatively. In another group, adhesions were created and then lysed 7 days later with barriers interposed. Readhesion formation was assessed 14 days after lysis with the PTFE being removed 7 days after lysis.\nSetting: Research laboratory\n\nResults: Adhesions occurred at 58.5% of the electrocautery sites without barriers, 100% of the readhesion sites with recautery for hemostasis, and 92% of the recautery sites without hemostasis. None of the sham-operated sites developed adhesions. When oxidized regenerated cellulose was interposed, adhesions were observed at 36% of uninjured uterine horn sites, 62% with single and 92% with double electrocautery injuries and 90% of the reformation sites. The PTFE did not cause adhesions in uninjured controls and completely prevented adhesion formation and reformation, regardless of the type of injury or whether hemostasis was achieved. A thin cellular membrane, continuous with the uterine serosa, enveloped the PTFE.\n\nConclusions: Expanded-polytetrafluoroethylene, but not oxidized regenerated cellulose, prevents adhesion formation and reformation in this murine uterine horn model. Additionally, oxidized regenerated cellulose was adhesiogenic even without surgical injury.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"60","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"550","pageEnd":"558","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56175-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72930703"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56175-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8375541"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72930703"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/osteoporosis-risk-factors-gynaecological-history-and-fractures-in-perimenopausal-women-the-results-of-the-baseline-postal-enquiry-of-the-kuopio-osteoporosis-risk-factor-and-prevention-study-recblajxtycggmkmr/","name":"Osteoporosis risk factors, gynaecological history and fractures in perimenopausal women--the results of the baseline postal enquiry of the Kuopio Osteoporosis Risk Factor and Prevention Study","headline":"Osteoporosis risk factors, gynaecological history and fractures in perimenopausal women--the results of the baseline postal enquiry of the Kuopio Osteoporosis Risk Factor and Prevention Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/osteoporosis-risk-factors-gynaecological-history-and-fractures-in-perimenopausal-women-the-results-of-the-baseline-postal-enquiry-of-the-kuopio-osteoporosis-risk-factor-and-prevention-study-recblajxtycggmkmr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Heikki Kröger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4245-8186","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kuopio University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fqdfs68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Alhava","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Eastern Finland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cyydd11"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Risto Honkanen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Eastern Finland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cyydd11"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Saarikoski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6349-8016","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kuopio University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fqdfs68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marjo Tuppurainen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Eastern Finland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cyydd11"}}],"datePublished":"1993-09-01","abstract":"The Kuopio Osteoporosis Risk Factor and Prevention (OSTPRE) Study examines the risk factors of osteoporosis, the relationship of risk factors to bone density and fractures, as well as the possibility to prevent bone loss by administering certain hormones. The baseline postal enquiry in 1989 was sent to all the 14,220 women aged 47-56 years residing in the Kuopio Province, Finland. The questionnaire included questions about their gynaecological history, physical exercise and smoking habits, calcium intake, body weight and height, history of bone fractures, health disorders, their current and previous use of drugs, as well as their willingness to participate in bone densitometry and in a clinical hormone trial. The response rate was 92.8%. In all, 56% reported some previous use of female hormones. Strong contraindications for oestrogen replacement therapy were found in 9.3% of the women. Almost half of the respondents reported lack of regular physical exercise, 11.9% were smokers, and 17.0% reported a calcium intake from milk products of less than 500 mg daily. The incidence of fractures increased steadily with age. The incidence of premenopausal fractures within the last 10 years was 7.65 per 1000 person/years and that of postmenopausal fractures was 17.40 per 1000 person/years (P = 0.000). The effect of menopause on fracture incidence was stronger than the effect of a 5-year age increase. Of the respondents, 84.4% were willing to participate in bone densitometry and 68.3% for long-term prevention of osteoporosis with oestrogen.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Maturitas"}}},"pageStart":"89","pageEnd":"100","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-5122(93)90004-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72583986"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0378-5122(93)90004-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8231907"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72583986"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/selective-salpingography-and-fluoroscopic-transcervical-salpingoplasty-for-diagn-recqk5gxxcxlvevt3/","name":"Selective salpingography and fluoroscopic transcervical salpingoplasty for diagnosis and treatment of proximal fallopian tube occlusions","headline":"Selective salpingography and fluoroscopic transcervical salpingoplasty for diagnosis and treatment of proximal fallopian tube occlusions","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/selective-salpingography-and-fluoroscopic-transcervical-salpingoplasty-for-diagn-recqk5gxxcxlvevt3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"O Mårtensson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital of Umeå","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012k96e85"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Nilsson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8206-204X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Umeå University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05kb8h459"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jan Johansson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6564-6265","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital of Umeå","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012k96e85"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Ekelund","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital of Umeå","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012k96e85"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Å. Johansson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1223-7390","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Uppsala University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/048a87296"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Wickman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital of Umeå","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012k96e85"}}],"datePublished":"1993-08-01","abstract":"In 25 women with primary or secondary infertility, primary hysterosalpingography (HSG) or laparoscopy with chromopertubation indicated 33 proximal and 2 distal tubal obstructions. Four salpingectomies had been performed earlier. All patients were considered for transcervical catheter salpingoplasty (TCSP) to reconstruct tubal patency. Secondary examination with repeat HSG or selective osteal salpingography confirmed 26 proximal and 3 distal tubal occlusions while 17 tubes were patent. Selective osteal salpingography was performed successfully in 32 of 33 (97%) tubes. Sixteen of 26 (61.5%) proximally occluded tubes were successfully recanalized by coaxial catheter and guidewire technique while two of three distally occluded tubes were reopened by forceful flushing of contrast medium. So far, one ectopic and five intrauterine pregnancies were achieved in ten patients with observation time more than four months. Three patients have had normal deliveries. The favorable results, lack of complications and low costs seem to justify the recommendation to use selective salpingography and fallopian tube recanalization as the first intervention in patients with obstruction of the proximal fallopian tube.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"72","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica"}}},"pageStart":"458","pageEnd":"464","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3109/00016349309021135","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70470068"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3109/00016349309021135"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8394625"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70470068"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/microsurgery-alone-or-with-interceed-absorbable-adhesion-barrier-for-pelvic-side-recjcwftdynhkik70/","name":"Microsurgery alone or with INTERCEED Absorbable Adhesion Barrier for pelvic sidewall adhesion re-formation. The INTERCEED (TC7) Adhesion Barrier Study Group II","headline":"Microsurgery alone or with INTERCEED Absorbable Adhesion Barrier for pelvic sidewall adhesion re-formation. The INTERCEED (TC7) Adhesion Barrier Study Group II","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/microsurgery-alone-or-with-interceed-absorbable-adhesion-barrier-for-pelvic-side-recjcwftdynhkik70/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ricardo Azziz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3917-0483","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008s83205"}}],"datePublished":"1993-08-01","abstract":"Adhesion re-formation after a reproductive operation, particularly involving the pelvic sidewall, is a prominent cause of failure in the surgical treatment of infertility. This study was done to evaluate the impact of standard microsurgery through laparotomy and the additional benefit of an oxidized regenerated cellulose adhesion barrier (INTERCEED [TC7] Absorbable Adhesion Barrier [Ethicon Inc.]), in reducing pelvic sidewall adhesion re-formation. One hundred and thirty-four patients with bilateral pelvic sidewall adhesions undergoing adhesiolysis by standard microsurgical techniques through laparotomy were treated during a prospective randomized trial involving 13 centers. After adhesiolysis, the deperitonealized surface of one pelvic sidewall was randomly assigned to be covered with INTERCEED Barrier, the contralateral sidewall serving as control. A second-look laparoscopy was performed ten days to 14 weeks postoperatively. Microsurgical adhesiolysis alone resulted in 24 percent of the sidewalls becoming free of adhesions and a 55.6 percent reduction in the area of adherent peritoneum. With microsurgery alone, 60 and 39 percent of adhesions initially characterized as filmy or severe, respectively, were not seen at second-look laparoscopy. The use of INTERCEED Barrier increased the incidence of adhesion-free sidewalls twofold. The treatment was also associated with a statistically significant reduction in the area of peritoneum affected by adhesion re-formation, compared with the control wall. Of the adhesions originally graded as severe, 61 percent of those treated with INTERCEED Barrier did not re-form at all. When evaluated on filmy adhesions, the use of the barrier was associated with a 72 percent reduction in adhesion re-formation. A measurable reduction in adhesion re-formation was found, depending on the initial adhesion type, with microsurgery alone. The addition of INTERCEED Barrier further reduced the incidence, extent and severity of postoperative adhesion re-formation. In this study, 90 percent of the patients benefited from the use of INTERCEED Barrier.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"177","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Surgery, Gynecology & Obstetrics"}}},"pageStart":"135","pageEnd":"139","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/longterm-naltrexone-treatment-reduces-the-exaggerated-insulin-secretion-in-patie-jndng5pk/","name":"Long-term naltrexone treatment reduces the exaggerated insulin secretion in patients with polycystic ovary disease","headline":"Long-term naltrexone treatment reduces the exaggerated insulin secretion in patients with polycystic ovary disease","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/longterm-naltrexone-treatment-reduces-the-exaggerated-insulin-secretion-in-patie-jndng5pk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Maria Fulghesu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8116-3968","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonio Lanzone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4119-414X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oasi Maria SS","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dqmaq38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Cucinelli","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Caruso","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4922-2256","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Mancuso","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1752-3986","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}}],"datePublished":"1993-08-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the involvement of endogenous opiates in the pathophysiology of the hyperinsulinism in patients affected by polycystic ovary disease by administering naloxone and naltrexone. We also studied the hormonal status following long-term opioid antagonist administration.\n\nMETHODS: Twenty-one women affected by polycystic ovary disease participated in the study. An oral glucose tolerance test (GTT) was performed at baseline and repeated after short-term naloxone infusion and after 6 weeks of naltrexone administration. Plasma glucose and insulin levels were evaluated in all samples. Gonadotropins, sex hormone-binding globulin, and androgen levels were determined initially and after the naltrexone treatment.\n\nRESULTS: None of the patients showed any alteration of glucose tolerance. Based on the insulin response to the GTT, the patients were classified as normo- or hyperinsulinemic. Opioid antagonist administration significantly reduced the insulin response to the GTT in hyperinsulinemic patients, without affecting their glycemic levels. In normoinsulinemic patients, glucose plasma levels were increased whereas insulin levels were not modified by the treatments. Gonadotropin and androgen plasma concentrations were not modified after naltrexone administration.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: This work supports a role for the endogenous opiates in the regulation of exaggerated insulin secretion in patients with polycystic ovary disease. The reduction of insulin secretion failed to demonstrate any hormonal modification in such hyperandrogenized patients.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"82","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"191","pageEnd":"7","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72845082","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8336863"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72845082"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/long-term-naltrexone-treatment-reduces-the-exaggerated-insulin-secretion-in-pati-recghwansjlf6zjln/","name":"Long-term naltrexone treatment reduces the exaggerated insulin secretion in patients with polycystic ovary disease","headline":"Long-term naltrexone treatment reduces the exaggerated insulin secretion in patients with polycystic ovary disease","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/long-term-naltrexone-treatment-reduces-the-exaggerated-insulin-secretion-in-pati-recghwansjlf6zjln/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A Caruso","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4922-2256","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Cucinelli","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Maria Fulghesu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8116-3968","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonio Lanzone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4119-414X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oasi Maria SS","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dqmaq38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Mancuso","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1752-3986","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}}],"datePublished":"1993-08-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the involvement of endogenous opiates in the pathophysiology of the hyperinsulinism in patients affected by polycystic ovary disease by administering naloxone and naltrexone. We also studied the hormonal status following long-term opioid antagonist administration.\n\nMETHODS: Twenty-one women affected by polycystic ovary disease participated in the study. An oral glucose tolerance test (GTT) was performed at baseline and repeated after short-term naloxone infusion and after 6 weeks of naltrexone administration. Plasma glucose and insulin levels were evaluated in all samples. Gonadotropins, sex hormone-binding globulin, and androgen levels were determined initially and after the naltrexone treatment.\n\nRESULTS: None of the patients showed any alteration of glucose tolerance. Based on the insulin response to the GTT, the patients were classified as normo- or hyperinsulinemic. Opioid antagonist administration significantly reduced the insulin response to the GTT in hyperinsulinemic patients, without affecting their glycemic levels. In normoinsulinemic patients, glucose plasma levels were increased whereas insulin levels were not modified by the treatments. Gonadotropin and androgen plasma concentrations were not modified after naltrexone administration.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: This work supports a role for the endogenous opiates in the regulation of exaggerated insulin secretion in patients with polycystic ovary disease. The reduction of insulin secretion failed to demonstrate any hormonal modification in such hyperandrogenized patients.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"82","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"191","pageEnd":"197","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/transcervical-tubal-cannulation-past-present-and-future-rec8199u8zyanzz7y/","name":"Transcervical tubal cannulation, past, present, and future","headline":"Transcervical tubal cannulation, past, present, and future","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/transcervical-tubal-cannulation-past-present-and-future-rec8199u8zyanzz7y/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E Confino","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mount Sinai Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/019jr0130"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Risquez","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mount Sinai Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/019jr0130"}}],"datePublished":"1993-08-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate publications that introduced novel diagnostic and therapeutic transcervical procedures on the fallopian tubes.\n\nDESIGN: Major studies that conceptually changed the therapeutic approach to the fallopian tubes were reviewed. Minor publications were also included if they introduced a new concept or contributed to the topic. Clinical publications were selected if they involved transcervical diagnosis and treatment of fallopian tubes.\n\nRESULTS: Transcervical tubal catheterization procedures for diagnosis of tubal disease, tubal obliteration, tubal recanalization, and tubal medication are minimally invasive procedures that can improve our understanding and diagnostic accuracy of tubal disease. These procedures allow transcervical treatment of proximal tubal occlusion. Further improvements in equipment and methodology are promising. Transcervical tubal occlusion, gamete and embryo deposition, and treatment of ectopic pregnancy may all be performed using the transcervical approach.\n\nCONCLUSION: Transcervical tubal catheterization can replace microsurgery and IVF in selected patients with proximal tubal occlusion, improve the diagnostic accuracy of tubal disease, and deliver medications to the fallopian tubes. Cumulative knowledge suggests that transcervical tubal catheterization should become a universally accepted, taught, and practiced approach in the diagnosis and treatment of the fallopian tubes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"60","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"211","pageEnd":"226","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56087-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40829589"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56087-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8339814"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40829589"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cardiovascular-health-and-disease-in-women-recjzxv8b8yg8kzvm/","name":"Cardiovascular health and disease in women","headline":"Cardiovascular health and disease in women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cardiovascular-health-and-disease-in-women-recjzxv8b8yg8kzvm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"N K Wenger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0990-6151","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Emory University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Packard","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Heart Lung and Blood Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012pb6c26"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Speroff","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oregon Health & Science University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/009avj582"}}],"datePublished":"1993-07-22","abstract":"Each year approximately 2.5 million U.S. women are hospitalized for cardiovascular illness, which also claims the lives of 500,000 women annually; half these deaths are due to coronary heart disease1. Despite the magnitude of this problem and its adverse repercussions on the national public health, we have insufficient information about preventive strategies, diagnostic testing, responses to medical and surgical therapies, and other aspects of cardiovascular illness in women. This lack of information is compounded by the less frequent participation of women in research studies; the difference has been due in part to the exclusion of women of childbearing age and in part to the exclusion of elderly women because of their frequent coexisting illnesses2-4. Characteristics of patients and physicians that limit the participation of women in clinical trials and sex-specific psychosocial or economic factors remain largely unexplored.\nThere is increasing evidence that women undergo intensive or invasive evaluations and treatments for cardiac diseases substantially less frequently than do men with symptoms of similar or lesser severity; this is particularly true for the evaluation of chest pain5-7. The contributions to the differences in the use of procedures of physicians' attitudes toward women patients and their symptoms, different choices made by women themselves, and cultural or social attitudes about sex differences must be assessed, but of pivotal importance is the relation between the use of procedures for women and the clinical outcomes of cardiovascular illness.\nIn January 1992, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute convened an invitational conference, “Cardiovascular Health and Disease in Women,” to highlight new information derived from epidemiologic and clinical research that was appropriate for clinical application and that required wider dissemination and to identify gaps in contemporary knowledge that impeded the delivery of optimal cardiovascular care to women8. In addition to addressing general issues of the cardiovascular health of women, this article summarizes the recommendations of the conference.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"329","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"247","pageEnd":"256","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199307223290406","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40818333"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJM199307223290406"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8316269"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40818333"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/beneficial-effect-of-oestrogen-on-exercise-induced-myocardial-ischaemia-in-women-recdeqbzk6yh8rwkv/","name":"Beneficial effect of oestrogen on exercise-induced myocardial ischaemia in women with coronary artery disease","headline":"Beneficial effect of oestrogen on exercise-induced myocardial ischaemia in women with coronary artery disease","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/beneficial-effect-of-oestrogen-on-exercise-induced-myocardial-ischaemia-in-women-recdeqbzk6yh8rwkv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Giuseppe Rosano","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6868-4248","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"San Raffaele University of Rome","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02rwycx38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P M Sarrel","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yale University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03v76x132"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P A Poole-Wilson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Brompton Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cv4n034"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Collins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4414-8034","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02218z997"}}],"datePublished":"1993-07-17","abstract":"Oestradiol-17 beta causes relaxation of isolated coronary arteries and increases blood flow in several vascular beds in human beings and animals. Oestrogen replacement therapy is associated with a lower incidence of cardiovascular disease, but the acute effects of oestradiol-17 beta on myocardial ischaemia are unknown. We have studied the acute effect of sublingual oestradiol-17 beta on exercise-induced myocardial ischaemia in eleven women (mean age 58 [SD 8] years) with coronary artery disease. The women did two treadmill exercise tests on separate days; 40 min before the test they took sublingual oestradiol-17 beta (1 mg) or placebo, in random order. Plasma oestradiol-17 beta concentrations were confirmed to be higher after sublingual oestradiol-17 beta than after placebo (2531 [1192] vs 155 [168] pmol/L, p < 0.001). Oestradiol-17 beta increased both time to 1 mm ST depression (456 [214] vs 579 [191] s, p < 0.004; difference of medians 92 [95% CI 46-254]) and total exercise time (569 [249] vs 658 [193] s, p < 0.01; difference 54 [10-212]). Acute administration of oestradiol-17 beta therefore has a beneficial effect on myocardial ischaemia in women with coronary artery disease. This effect may be due to a direct coronary-relaxing effect, to peripheral vasodilation, or to a combination of these mechanisms. Oestradiol-17 beta may prove to be a useful adjunct to the treatment of angina in postmenopausal women with coronary heart disease.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"342","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8864","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Lancet (London, England)"}}},"pageStart":"133","pageEnd":"136","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(93)91343-k","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72225668"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0140-6736(93)91343-k"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8101254"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72225668"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adhesion-formation-after-laparoscopic-electrocoagulation-of-the-ovarian-surface--rec3ule7xskgvgbv0/","name":"Adhesion formation after laparoscopic electrocoagulation of the ovarian surface in polycystic ovary patients","headline":"Adhesion formation after laparoscopic electrocoagulation of the ovarian surface in polycystic ovary patients","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adhesion-formation-after-laparoscopic-electrocoagulation-of-the-ovarian-surface--rec3ule7xskgvgbv0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"O. Naether","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universität Hamburg","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g30e956"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Fischer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9874-9639","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universität Hamburg","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g30e956"}}],"datePublished":"1993-07-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the incidence and extent of periovarian adhesion formation subsequent to laparoscopic electrocoagulation of the ovarian surface in infertility patients with polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD).\n\nDESIGN: From a total of 199 PCOD patients treated with ovarian electrocautery, 50 cases of laparoscopy and 12 cesarean sections served as second-look investigation. A subgroup of 30 patients had abdominal lavage and artificial ascites after surgery; they underwent \"early\" second-look (2 to 14 days after laparoscopy).\n\nSETTING: All patients were referred to our fertility outpatient clinic affiliated with the university hospital.\n\nPATIENTS: Infertility patients with polycystic ovarian reaction to hormonal stimulation therapy underwent laparoscopic electrocoagulation of the ovarian surface.\n\nRESULTS: Adhesion formation was detected in 19.3%; the incidence reduced to 16.6% with the use of abdominal lavage. The adhesions found were obviously due to bleeding of the ovarian capsule caused by electrocautery. Adhesiolysis was easily possible during \"early\" second-look.\n\nCONCLUSION: The incidence of de novo adhesion formation caused by laparoscopic electrocoagulation of the ovarian surface seems to be lower than after ovarian wedge resection; it can be reduced by abdominal lavage and artificial ascites.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"60","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"95","pageEnd":"98","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56043-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40918632"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56043-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8513965"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40918632"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-and-ovarian-cancer-recsixxqikyghz4s3/","name":"Endometriosis and ovarian cancer","headline":"Endometriosis and ovarian cancer","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-and-ovarian-cancer-recsixxqikyghz4s3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Paolo Vercellini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4195-0996","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016zn0y21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Parazzini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5624-4854","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05aspc753"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Bolis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3250-8533","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad Católica Sedes Sapientiae"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Carinelli"},{"@type":"Person","name":"P G Crosignani"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Dindelli"},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Luchini"},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Vendola"}],"datePublished":"1993-07-01","abstract":"In 556 patients undergoing surgery for ovarian cancers the frequency of endometriosis ranged from 3.6% to 5.6% in serous, mucinous, and miscellaneous neoplasms versus 26.3%, 21.1%, and 22.2%, respectively, in endometrioid, clear cell, and mixed subtypes; the differences were statistically significant (chi 2 heterogeneity 50.0, p < 0.001) and consistent in strata of age, parity, menopausal status, and disease stage.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"169","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"181","pageEnd":"182","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(93)90159-g","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70465983"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(93)90159-g"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8392791"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70465983"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-and-biochemical-profiles-of-premenstrual-syndrome-treatment-with-essent-recw3roblpewo8o1j/","name":"Hormonal and biochemical profiles of premenstrual syndrome. Treatment with essential fatty acids","headline":"Hormonal and biochemical profiles of premenstrual syndrome. Treatment with essential fatty acids","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-and-biochemical-profiles-of-premenstrual-syndrome-treatment-with-essent-recw3roblpewo8o1j/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A Collins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5569-128X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Karolinska Institutet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056d84691"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brut‐Marie Landgren And","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Karolinska Institutet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056d84691"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Cerin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Karolinska Institutet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056d84691"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Eneroth","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pgex273"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"BRUT‐MARIE LANDGREN","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Karolinska Institutet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056d84691"}}],"datePublished":"1993-07-01","abstract":"Women diagnosed as suffering from premenstrual syndrome and symptom free controls were compared on hormonal parameters, glucose tolerance, mineralocorticoids, cholesterols, triglycerides, apolipoprotein (a), magnesium and calcium in the follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle. The effect of treatment with essential fatty acids on the biochemical variables was also evaluated in a randomized, double-blind crossover design. The results showed that the hormonal and biochemical profiles of women with PMS and symptom free controls were markedly similar, except for aldosterone which was lower in the follicular and luteal phases and cholesterol which was higher in the follicular phase in women with PMS. No effects of treatment with essential fatty acids were found for any of the biochemical variables studied.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"72","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica"}}},"pageStart":"337","pageEnd":"343","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3109/00016349309021108","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70464739"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3109/00016349309021108"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8392261"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70464739"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-infertility-services-in-the-united-states-recvo6veqxh7kgroc/","name":"Use of infertility services in the United States","headline":"Use of infertility services in the United States","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-infertility-services-in-the-united-states-recvo6veqxh7kgroc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mosher WD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lynne S Wilcox","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}}],"datePublished":"1993-07-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To examine the characteristics of women in the 1988 National Survey of Family Growth who reported having obtained medical services for impaired fecundity.\n\nMETHODS: From a national sample of 8450 women between the ages of 15-44, drawn from the civilian, noninstitutionalized population of the entire United States in 1988, we estimated the use of infertility services in the United States. Multivariate statistical modeling was used to identify the characteristics associated with use of infertility services among the 770 women who reported impaired fecundity in this survey.\n\nRESULTS: Of all women with impaired fecundity, 43% had obtained some form of infertility service and 24% had obtained specialized infertility treatment--ovulation drugs, treatment of fallopian tubes, artificial insemination, or in vitro fertilization. Older, white, married women of higher socioeconomic status were most likely to have obtained specialized services, and a history of endometriosis was also strongly associated with having received such services.\n\nCONCLUSION: Most women with impaired fecundity had not obtained infertility services. Use of specialized services was strongly associated with certain sociodemographic variables or a history of endometriosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"82","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"122","pageEnd":"127","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-transdermal-17-beta-estradiol-and-oral-conjugated-equine-estrogens-on--recafqwsecqrpx33p/","name":"Effect of transdermal 17 beta-estradiol and oral conjugated equine estrogens on biochemical parameters of bone resorption in natural menopause","headline":"Effect of transdermal 17 beta-estradiol and oral conjugated equine estrogens on biochemical parameters of bone resorption in natural menopause","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-transdermal-17-beta-estradiol-and-oral-conjugated-equine-estrogens-on--recafqwsecqrpx33p/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean‐Yves Reginster","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6290-752X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claus Christiansen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9951-480X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Clinical & Basic Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/028e1xc68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Dequinze"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Deroisy"},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Franchimont"},{"@type":"Person","name":"U Gaspard"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A N Taquet"}],"datePublished":"1993-07-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare the effects or oral and transdermal estrogen replacement therapy on biochemical markers of bone resorption in early postmenopausal women.\n\nDESIGN: Controlled, randomized group comparison.\n\nSETTING: Outpatient clinic for menopausal women and research into osteoporosis.\n\nSUBJECTS: Sixty healthy women menopausal for less than 5 years and who had never received any medications interfering with bone metabolism.\n\nINTERVENTIONS: The 60 women were randomly allocated to 3 months therapy with either oral conjugated estrogens (0.625 mg/day) (n = 28) or transdermal estradiol (50 micrograms/day) (n = 32) in cyclical combination with medroxyprogesterone acetate (5 mg/day).\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Traditional (urinary calcium/creatinine and hydroxyproline/creatinine) and the new specific (urinary pyridinoline/creatinine and deoxypyridinoline/creatinine) markers of bone resorption were determined before and after 3 months of treatment.\n\nRESULTS: In both groups, circulating levels of estrone and estradiol were significantly (P < 0.001) increased during treatment. In women treated with oral conjugated equine estrogens, urinary calcium/creatinine and hydroxyproline/creatinine ratios were significantly (P < 0.05) reduced. Pyridinoline/creatinine ratio fell from 69.1 (4) [mean (SEM)] to 50 (4) mumol/mumol (P < 0.01) and deoxypyridinoline/creatinine ratio fell from 10.8 (1) [mean (SEM)] to 8.3 (0.8) mumol/mumol (P < 0.01). In the group treated with transdermal estradiol, urinary hydroxyproline/creatinine ratio was significantly (P < 0.05) reduced. Pyridinoline/creatinine ratio fell from 66.3 (4) [mean (SEM)] to 46.2 (3) mumol/mumol (P < 0.01) and deoxypyridinoline/creatinine ratio fell from 11.5 (1.5) [mean (SEM)] to 7.7 (0.6) mumol/mumol (P < 0.01). There were no differences between the evolution of the biochemical variables in the two groups.\n\nCONCLUSION: These results suggest that oral conjugated equine estrogens and transdermal estradiol, in the given doses, are equally effective in reducing postmenopausal bone resorption.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"53","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Calcified Tissue International"}}},"pageStart":"13","pageEnd":"16","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01352008","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70469073"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/BF01352008"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8394191"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70469073"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-absorption-of-oral-micronized-progesterone-the-effect-of-food-dose-proportio-rec6a3m0yplfb0wxi/","name":"The absorption of oral micronized progesterone: the effect of food, dose proportionality, and comparison with intramuscular progesterone","headline":"The absorption of oral micronized progesterone: the effect of food, dose proportionality, and comparison with intramuscular progesterone","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-absorption-of-oral-micronized-progesterone-the-effect-of-food-dose-proportio-rec6a3m0yplfb0wxi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J A Simon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6968-5250","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"George Washington University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00y4zzh67"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hildebrand JR 3rd"},{"@type":"Person","name":"James R. Hildebrand","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eastern Virginia Medical School","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056hr4255"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rocci ML Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mario L. Rocci","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eastern Virginia Medical School","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056hr4255"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M C Andrews","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eastern Virginia Medical School","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056hr4255"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R E Blake","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eastern Virginia Medical School","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056hr4255"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G D Hodgen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eastern Virginia Medical School","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056hr4255"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D E Robinson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9388-8883","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eastern Virginia Medical School","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056hr4255"}}],"datePublished":"1993-07-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: To examine the effects of food ingestion and administered dose on the absorption of oral micronized P (Utrogestan; Besins-Iscovesco, Paris, France) and to compare the bioavailability of intramuscular versus oral routes of administration.\n\nDESIGN: Prospective, randomized, open label crossover protocol with 7 days between dosages.\n\nSETTING: Academic institution.\n\nPARTICIPANTS: Fifteen normal postmenopausal women.\n\nINTERVENTIONS: All subjects participated in three separate protocols: [1] micronized P (200 mg) or placebo under fasting or nonfasting conditions once daily for 5 days; [2] micronized P (100, 200, or 300 mg) once daily under fasting conditions for 5 days; and [3] micronized P (200 mg) or intramuscular P (50 mg in oil) administered once daily for 2 days.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Serum P concentrations were measured in all groups.\n\nRESULTS: Concomitant food ingestion increased the area under the serum P concentration versus time curve (AUC0 to 24) and the maximum serum P concentration (Cmax) without affecting time to maximum serum concentration (Tmax) (P < 0.05). Micronized P absorption and elimination were first-order processes and exhibited dose-independent pharmacokinetics between 100 and 300 mg. After intramuscular P, Cmax was higher and Tmax occurred later compared with the oral P preparation. Oral P had lower relative bioavailability (8.6%) than intramuscular P.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Absorption of micronized P was enhanced twofold in the presence of food. Both absorption and elimination were dose-independent, dose proportionality being confirmed. Bioavailability of the oral P was approximately 10% compared with intramuscular P.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"60","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"26","pageEnd":"33","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56031-2","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56031-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8513955"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/laparoscopic-electrocoagulation-of-the-ovarian-surface-in-infertile-patients-wit-rec1oxyhsn8nhkqmo/","name":"Laparoscopic electrocoagulation of the ovarian surface in infertile patients with polycystic ovarian disease","headline":"Laparoscopic electrocoagulation of the ovarian surface in infertile patients with polycystic ovarian disease","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/laparoscopic-electrocoagulation-of-the-ovarian-surface-in-infertile-patients-wit-rec1oxyhsn8nhkqmo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"O. Naether","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universität Hamburg","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g30e956"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Rudolf","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8072-3886","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universität Hamburg","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g30e956"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Delfs","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universität Hamburg","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g30e956"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Fischer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9874-9639","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universität Hamburg","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g30e956"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Linda Geiger-Kötzler","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5909-9397","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universität Hamburg","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g30e956"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H C Weise","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universität Hamburg","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g30e956"}}],"datePublished":"1993-07-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To assess the endocrinologic and clinical outcome after laparoscopic ovarian electrocautery because of polycystic reaction to ovarian stimulation in anovulatory infertility patients.\n\nDESIGN: Between 1986 and 1989, 133 patients with polycystic ovarian disease underwent laparoscopic electrocoagulation of the ovarian surface in an outpatient clinic after conventional ovarian stimulation had led to polycystic reaction.\n\nSETTING: All patients were referred to our outpatient clinic affiliated with the university hospital.\n\nRESULTS: The reduction of androgen levels and normalization of cycle length were highly significant. The overall pregnancy rate was 70% (73 of 104), ranging from 27% in smokers to 94% in nonsmoking couples. In 26 second-look operations de novo adhesions were found in 26.9% of the patients.\n\nCONCLUSION: Laparoscopic coagulation of the ovarian surface is an effective tool to reduce elevated androgen levels and to improve the intraovarian mechanism of selecting a dominant follicle. A postoperative complication may be adhesion formation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"60","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"88","pageEnd":"94","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56042-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70767497"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56042-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8513964"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70767497"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/peritoneal-fluid-its-relevance-to-the-development-of-endometriosis-recldjquo1pu9nmdc/","name":"Peritoneal fluid: its relevance to the development of endometriosis","headline":"Peritoneal fluid: its relevance to the development of endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/peritoneal-fluid-its-relevance-to-the-development-of-endometriosis-recldjquo1pu9nmdc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ramey JW"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D F Archer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7069-5117","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pittsburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"}}],"datePublished":"1993-07-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To review and evaluate published studies that have examined the role of peritoneal fluid (PF) in the development of endometriosis.\n\nDESIGN: Important studies related to this topic have been identified through a computerized bibliographical search (MEDLINE), as well as by manually scanning the published literature of major reproductive journals over the last several years.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Studies that examined the effect of PF or its components on the pathophysiology of endometriosis are discussed. These include reported effects on the histogenesis, maintenance and proliferation of endometriosis, as well as related actions on infertility.\n\nRESULTS: The majority of investigations into the role PF plays in the pathogenesis of endometriosis have evaluated how it may adversely affect fertility. Suggestive but inconclusive data in the literature indicate that degenerating endometrial tissue may release a biochemical factor(s) into the peritoneal environment that is capable of inducing ectopic endometrium formation. Peritoneal fluid itself contains growth factor that may play a role in the implantation and maintenance of the ectopic endometrium.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: The PF of women with endometriosis has been shown to contain angiogenic as well as other growth factors. These compounds may contribute to the proliferation of the ectopic endometrium.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"60","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1","pageEnd":"14","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relationship-between-carbohydrate-metabolism-and-serum-insulin-like-growth-facto-recvcn5dvev6kw8ru/","name":"Relationship between carbohydrate metabolism and serum insulin-like growth factor system in postmenopausal women: comparison of endometrial cancer patients with healthy controls","headline":"Relationship between carbohydrate metabolism and serum insulin-like growth factor system in postmenopausal women: comparison of endometrial cancer patients with healthy controls","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/relationship-between-carbohydrate-metabolism-and-serum-insulin-like-growth-facto-recvcn5dvev6kw8ru/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E.‐M. Rutanen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Helsinki University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02e8hzf44"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Stenman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5780-0285","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Helsinki University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02e8hzf44"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W. F. Blum","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Helsinki University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02e8hzf44"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Kärkkäinen"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ulf‐Håkan Stenman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2695-3454","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Helsinki University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02e8hzf44"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Lehtovirta","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Helsinki University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02e8hzf44"}}],"datePublished":"1993-07-01","abstract":"Insulin is a major regulator of circulating insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1), suppressing the hepatic production of IGFBP-1. Postmenopausal age, obesity, hypertension, and impaired glucose tolerance, which are known risk factors for endometrial cancer, are all associated with hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance. In this study, we investigated the relationship among serum insulin, glucose, insulin-like growth factors (IGF-I and IGF-II), and IGFBP-, -2, and -3 in 32 nondiabetic postmenopausal women with endometrial cancer and in 18 healthy controls. The mean fasting levels of glucose and insulin were higher, whereas the mean basal IGF-I, IGF-II, and IGFBP-3 levels were lower in the endometrial cancer patients than in the healthy control subjects. The mean fasting IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-2 levels did not differ between the groups, and no correlation was found between fasting insulin and IGFBP-1 concentrations or between insulin and IGFBP-2 concentrations in either of the study groups. During an oral glucose tolerance test, the mean glucose levels at 1 and 3 h as well as the mean insulin level at 3 h were significantly higher in the endometrial cancer patients than in the controls, and the area under the glucose curve was larger in the first group. An oral glucose load resulted in a similar fall in serum IGFBP-1 levels in endometrial cancer patients and controls (51% and 55% at 3 h). When the cancer patients were divided into two subgroups according to the body mass index (kilograms per m2), the obese group had higher glucose and insulin indices than the nonobese group. No difference was found by the same measures in healthy controls. The fasting serum IGFBP-1 levels tended to be lower in the obese than in the normal weight subjects, but the difference did not reach statistical significance. In summary, these results provide preliminary evidence that the inverse relation between fasting insulin and IGFBP-1, well established in children and young adults, disappears in elderly women, although short term suppression by insulin still occurs. Further, our data indicate that in addition to carbohydrate metabolism, postmenopausal women with endometrial cancer have alterations in their circulating IGF system compared to controls.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"77","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"199","pageEnd":"204","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem.77.1.7686914","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42483450"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jcem.77.1.7686914"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7686914"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q42483450"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-role-of-laparoscopy-in-chronic-pelvic-pain-promise-and-pitfalls-recidczwjs4ztvzea/","name":"The role of laparoscopy in chronic pelvic pain: promise and pitfalls","headline":"The role of laparoscopy in chronic pelvic pain: promise and pitfalls","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-role-of-laparoscopy-in-chronic-pelvic-pain-promise-and-pitfalls-recidczwjs4ztvzea/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"F M Howard","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rochester General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01jk6xr82"}}],"datePublished":"1993-06-01","abstract":"Published studies relating to the usefulness of diagnostic and operative laparoscopy in women with chronic pelvic pain (CPP) were reviewed. This revealed that approximately 40 per cent of all laparoscopies were done for CPP. However, the definition of CPP was found to be nebulous and inconsistent, and that muddled definitive conclusions about patient diagnoses and treatments. The following definition of CPP was proposed: nonmenstrual pain of 3 or more months duration that localizes to the anatomic pelvis and is severe enough to cause functional disability and require medical or surgical treatment. A survey of published reports showed laparoscopically diagnosable abnormalities in 61 per cent of patients, compared with abnormalities in 28 per cent of women without CPP. Studies in adolescents were also reviewed and showed that adolescents with CPP also had significant laparoscopically diagnosed abnormalities, with 78 per cent showing some pathology, especially endometriosis (40 per cent). Endometriosis, pelvic adhesions, chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, and ovarian cysts were the diagnoses most commonly made via laparoscopy in CPP patients. The potential roles of each of these abnormalities in CPP were discussed, as well as the results of laparoscopic treatment of each disease. Laparoscopy was also found to have a limited role in women with CPP after hysterectomy or bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, with usefulness in diagnosing and treating adhesions and residual ovary syndrome, although its role in ovarian remnant syndrome was uncertain. Overall, the data showed that less than 50 per cent of women with CPP were helped by diagnostic and operative laparoscopy, stressing the need for both physicians and patients to recognize that laparoscopy is neither the ultimate evaluation nor the panacea for CPP.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"48","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey"}}},"pageStart":"357","pageEnd":"387","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/00006254-199306000-00001","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40823616"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/00006254-199306000-00001"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8327235"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40823616"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/final-report-of-the-medical-research-councilroyal-college-of-obstetricians-and-g-recfymjps4idpfuga/","name":"Final report of the Medical Research Council/Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists multicentre randomised trial of cervical cerclage. MRC/RCOG Working Party on Cervical Cerclage","headline":"Final report of the Medical Research Council/Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists multicentre randomised trial of cervical cerclage. MRC/RCOG Working Party on Cervical Cerclage","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/final-report-of-the-medical-research-councilroyal-college-of-obstetricians-and-g-recfymjps4idpfuga/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"MRC/RCOG Working Party on Cervical Cerclage"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M. C. Macnaughton"},{"@type":"Person","name":"I Chalmers","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9248-8490"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Victor Dubowitz"},{"@type":"Person","name":"P. M. Dunn","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0248-7049"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Adrian Grant"},{"@type":"Person","name":"K McPherson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5486-4945","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oxford","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052gg0110"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"James F. Pearson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8555-8561"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Peto","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8219-5339"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A. C. Turnbull"}],"datePublished":"1993-06-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To assess whether cervical cerclage in women deemed to be at increased risk of cervical incompetence prolongs pregnancy and thereby improves fetal and neonatal outcome.\n\nDESIGN: Multicentre randomised controlled trial.\n\nSETTING: Hospitals in the United Kingdom, France, Hungary, Norway, Italy, Belgium, Zimbabwe, South Africa, Iceland, Ireland, the Netherlands and Canada.\n\nSUBJECTS: One thousand two hundred and ninety-two pregnant women whose obstetricians were uncertain whether to recommend cervical cerclage, most of whom had a history of early delivery or cervical surgery.\n\nINTERVENTIONS: Cervical cerclage was compared with a policy of withholding the operation unless it was considered to be clearly indicated.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Delivery before 33 completed weeks, preterm delivery (< 37 weeks), and vital status of the baby after completion of the pregnancy.\n\nRESULTS: The overall preterm delivery rate was 28%. There were fewer deliveries before 33 weeks in the cerclage group (83 (13%) compared with 110 (17%), P = 0.03) and this difference reflected deliveries characterised by features of cervical incompetence (painless cervical dilatation and prelabour rupture of the membranes). There was a corresponding difference in very low birthweight deliveries (63 (10%) compared with 86 (13%), P = 0.05). The difference in the overall rate of miscarriage, stillbirth or neonatal death (55 (9%) compared with 68 (11%)) was less marked and was not statistically significant. The use of cervical cerclage was associated with increased medical intervention and a doubling of the risk of puerperal pyrexia.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the operation had an important beneficial effect in 1 in 25 cases in the trial (95% confidence interval (CI) 1 in 12 to 1 in 300 sutures). Its use is associated with increased medical intervention and puerperal pyrexia. Nevertheless, this trial suggests that, on balance, cervical cerclage should be offered to women at high risk, such as those with a history of three or more pregnancies ending before 37 weeks gestation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"100","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"516","pageEnd":"523","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1993.tb15300.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62492412"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1471-0528.1993.tb15300.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8334085"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q62492412"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preliminary-evidence-for-plasma-adrenocorticotropin-levels-as-biological-correla-recqvhyh4uwklmlex/","name":"Preliminary evidence for plasma adrenocorticotropin levels as biological correlates of premenstrual symptoms","headline":"Preliminary evidence for plasma adrenocorticotropin levels as biological correlates of premenstrual symptoms","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preliminary-evidence-for-plasma-adrenocorticotropin-levels-as-biological-correla-recqvhyh4uwklmlex/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E W Freeman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9210-1063","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pennsylvania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Redei","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pennsylvania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10"}}],"datePublished":"1993-06-01","abstract":"Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a menstrual cycle-related disorder of mood and behavior with unknown etiology and lack of evidence of endocrine imbalances. The absence of menstrual cyclicity eliminates PMS symptoms, and cyclic gonadal changes appear necessary but not sufficient cause for behavioral symptoms in predisposed women. As there are many depressive symptoms in PMS, we focused on the neuroendocrine characteristics of depression, primarily hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal hyperactivity, and investigated plasma adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) and cortisol levels in the menstrual cycle. Blood samples were drawn daily from ten patients with PMS and eight asymptomatic control subjects who also reported symptoms daily throughout one menstrual cycle. The ACTH levels were significantly lower in patients with PMS compared to control subjects in the luteal phase. Two PMS subgroups were identified by cluster analysis applied to symptom scores. Plasma ACTH levels of PMS Cluster 1 subjects were significantly lower compared to controls. The ACTH levels of PMS Cluster 2 subjects were nearly identical to controls. These preliminary results suggest distinct hormonal subgroups in the heterogeneous PMS population and support further study of ACTH as a biological correlate of PMS.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"128","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta Endocrinologica"}}},"pageStart":"536","pageEnd":"542","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.1280536","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48272071"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1530/acta.0.1280536"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8393259"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q48272071"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevention-of-multiple-pregnancies-in-an-in-vitro-fertilization-program-rechez6cvbyfq0gfa/","name":"Prevention of multiple pregnancies in an in vitro fertilization program","headline":"Prevention of multiple pregnancies in an in vitro fertilization program","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevention-of-multiple-pregnancies-in-an-in-vitro-fertilization-program-rechez6cvbyfq0gfa/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"G. Segal‐Bertin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Onze Lieve Vrouwziekenhuis Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00zrfhe30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Geerts","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Onze Lieve Vrouwziekenhuis Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00zrfhe30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Nijs","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Onze Lieve Vrouwziekenhuis Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00zrfhe30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Schoysman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Onze Lieve Vrouwziekenhuis Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00zrfhe30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Segal-Bertin"},{"@type":"Person","name":"E van Roosendaal","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Onze Lieve Vrouwziekenhuis Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00zrfhe30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Vanderzwalmen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Onze Lieve Vrouwziekenhuis Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00zrfhe30"}}],"datePublished":"1993-06-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To limit the high number of multiple pregnancies in an IVF program.\n\nSETTING: In Vitro Fertilization Laboratory, Fertility Department, Public Hospital.\n\nINTERVENTIONS: The number of embryos transferred was limited to two instead of three.\n\nRESULTS: Limiting the number of embryos transferred to only two did not influence the take home baby rate but eliminated triplet and quadruplet gestations. Moreover, the number of patients with good quality supernumerary embryos available for cryopreservation increased.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: To reduce the high frequency of multiple gestations in an IVF program, the number of embryos replaced should be limited to a maximum of two.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"59","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1245","pageEnd":"1250","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)55984-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70721635"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)55984-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8495773"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70721635"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clomiphene-citrate-affects-cervical-mucus-and-endometrial-morphology-independent-recztpbld4d90me3e/","name":"Clomiphene citrate affects cervical mucus and endometrial morphology independently of the changes in plasma hormonal levels induced by multiple follicular recruitment","headline":"Clomiphene citrate affects cervical mucus and endometrial morphology independently of the changes in plasma hormonal levels induced by multiple follicular recruitment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clomiphene-citrate-affects-cervical-mucus-and-endometrial-morphology-independent-recztpbld4d90me3e/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M R Massai","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction, Hôpital de Bicêtre, France."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dominique De Ziegler","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2513-8220","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mkjjy25"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Bergeron","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2585-5411","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bicêtre Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c9p1x46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Bouchard","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bicêtre Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c9p1x46"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Frydman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Antoine-Béclère","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sb8a726"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"V Lesobre","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bicêtre Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05c9p1x46"}}],"datePublished":"1993-06-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effects of clomiphene citrate (CC) on cervical mucus (CM) and endometrial morphology independently of hormonal changes encountered when CC is administered for ovulation induction.\n\nDESIGN: Volunteers whose ovarian functions were temporarily suppressed (n = 18) by a long-acting GnRH agonist and 6 women of similar age suffering from premature ovarian failure (POF) received E2 and P. Half of the women also received CC (50 mg/d, days 2 to 6).\n\nSETTING: Tertiary University Institution, Hôpital A. Béclère.\n\nPATIENTS,\n\nPARTICIPANTS: Eighteen volunteers suffering from infertility not related to a uterine cause and 6 women of similar age suffering from POF.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Plasma gonadotropins, E2, and P were measured at baseline to confirm that the ovaries were inactive and twice weekly during physiological E2 and P replacement. Cervical mucus was analyzed on day 14 and scored from 0 to 15. Endometrial biopsies were obtained on replacement days 20 and 24 for conventional histology and immunocytochemistry analysis of estrogen receptors and progesterone receptors (PR). Premature ovarian failure women whose results have been previously published served as controls for day 20 biopsies.\n\nRESULTS: Cervical mucus scored lower in women who received CC (5.5 +/- 3.2) than in controls (13.6 +/- 4.7, mean +/- SEM). On day 20, endometrial findings were similar in women treated with CC and in controls. On day 24, specimens showed a significant delay in endometrial maturation in women treated with CC. On day 24, only staining for PR selectively persisted in endometrial stroma, and no difference was observed between women who received CC and controls.\n\nCONCLUSION: Our results indicate that CC significantly alters CM quality and late luteal phase endometrial morphology despite physiological levels of plasma E2 and P. Hence, clinicians should monitor E2 levels when using CC, and caution should be exerted when supraphysiological levels of E2 are not present to counterbalance the effects of CC on the CM and the endometrium.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"59","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1179","pageEnd":"1186","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)55973-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70721598"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)55973-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8495762"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70721598"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-comparative-study-of-human-chorionic-gonadotropin-placebo-and-bed-rest-for-wom-recxuawtt6gwbusnm/","name":"A comparative study of human chorionic gonadotropin, placebo, and bed rest for women with early threatened abortion","headline":"A comparative study of human chorionic gonadotropin, placebo, and bed rest for women with early threatened abortion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-comparative-study-of-human-chorionic-gonadotropin-placebo-and-bed-rest-for-wom-recxuawtt6gwbusnm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R F Harrison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9323-8637","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rotunda Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05t4vgv93"}}],"datePublished":"1993-05-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To compare the effect of hCG therapy with placebo or bed rest in women with threatened abortion.\n\nDESIGN: Random assignment, double-blind.\n\nSETTING: Community hospitals.\n\nPATIENTS AND\n\nINTERVENTIONS: Sixty-one women with viable pregnancies under 8 weeks' gestation on admission to hospital were randomly allocated to receive injections of hCG or placebo, or were advised to rest in bed.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Abortion vs. continuation of pregnancy at 16 weeks' gestation.\n\nRESULTS: Thirty-one aborted: 6/20 on hCG, 10/21 on placebo, 15/20 on bed rest. hCG vs. bed rest, P < .01; placebo vs. bed rest, hCG vs. placebo--not significant. Plasma progesterone: continuing pregnancy > abortion, P < .01; continued with hCG vs. aborted on placebo, P < .001; continued with hCG vs. aborted with bed rest, P < .001. No significant differences in pregnancy/birth complications or infants' birth weight. Female/male ratio was 2:1.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: hCG is significantly better than bed rest.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"38","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Fertility and Menopausal Studies"}}},"pageStart":"160","pageEnd":"165","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulation-induction-recebyg5gdejllfzo/","name":"Ovulation induction","headline":"Ovulation induction","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulation-induction-recebyg5gdejllfzo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C M March","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}}],"datePublished":"1993-05-01","abstract":"Induction of ovulation is indicated for anovulatory and amenorrheic women as well as for women who have an inadequate luteal phase. It is also indicated as a strategy for recruiting multiple follicles for women with unexplained infertility and those who are undergoing assisted reproductive technologies. The use of various agents and detection of ovulation are described. This includes a discussion of clomiphene citrate, bromocriptine, human menopausal gonadotropins, urinary follicle stimulating hormone and pulsatile gonadotropin releasing hormone therapy. Regimens, success rates and potential complications of each form of therapy are reviewed. Also discussed is the use of combination therapy and partial ovarian destruction.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"38","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"335","pageEnd":"346","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/life-the-significant-other-side-of-the-coin-rectztwgl2ss5kbvl/","name":"Life … the (significant) other side of the coin","headline":"Life … the (significant) other side of the coin","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/life-the-significant-other-side-of-the-coin-rectztwgl2ss5kbvl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute for Human Reproduction","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1993-05-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"60","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"78","pageEnd":"81","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20508549.1993.11878205","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/20508549.1993.11878205"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/practice-guideline-for-major-depressive-disorder-in-adults-american-psychiatric--recih2jljdt7bssoe/","name":"Practice guideline for major depressive disorder in adults. American Psychiatric Association","headline":"Practice guideline for major depressive disorder in adults. American Psychiatric Association","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/practice-guideline-for-major-depressive-disorder-in-adults-american-psychiatric--recih2jljdt7bssoe/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"American Psychiatric Association"}],"datePublished":"1993-04-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"150","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4 Suppl","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The American Journal of Psychiatry"}}},"pageStart":"1","pageEnd":"26","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.150.4.1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70642428"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1176/ajp.150.4.1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8465906"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70642428"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/longterm-naltrexone-treatment-normalizes-the-pituitary-response-to-gonadotropinr-fiiqgane/","name":"Long-term naltrexone treatment normalizes the pituitary response to gonadotropin-releasing hormone in polycystic ovarian syndrome","headline":"Long-term naltrexone treatment normalizes the pituitary response to gonadotropin-releasing hormone in polycystic ovarian syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/longterm-naltrexone-treatment-normalizes-the-pituitary-response-to-gonadotropinr-fiiqgane/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonio Lanzone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4119-414X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oasi Maria SS","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dqmaq38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Apa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0143-9114","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Maria Fulghesu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8116-3968","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Cutillo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9526-0443","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Caruso","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4922-2256","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Mancuso","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1752-3986","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}}],"datePublished":"1993-04-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"59","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"734","pageEnd":"737","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)55851-8","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)55851-8"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-indicators-for-inflammatory-bowel-disease-rec2ymtjkck3eg5jc/","name":"Risk indicators for inflammatory bowel disease","headline":"Risk indicators for inflammatory bowel disease","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/risk-indicators-for-inflammatory-bowel-disease-rec2ymtjkck3eg5jc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Per-Gunnar Persson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Karolinska Institutet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056d84691"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carl-Eric Leijonmarck","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint Göran Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x6s3a91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Ahlbom","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1093-1901","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stockholm County Council","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02zrae794"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"O Bernell"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Hellers"}],"datePublished":"1993-04-01","abstract":"We investigated the association between different risk indicators and inflammatory bowel disease in a case-control study based on the population of Stockholm County during 1980-1984. Information on physical activity, oral contraceptives, some previous diseases and childhood characteristics was collected using a postal questionnaire for 152 cases of Crohn's disease, 145 cases of ulcerative colitis, and 305 controls. The relative risk (RR) of Crohn's disease was inversely related to regular physical activity and estimated at 0.6 (95% CI: 0.4-0.9) and 0.5 (95% CI: 0.3-0.9) for weekly and daily exercise, respectively. Having psoriasis prior to the inflammatory bowel disease was associated with an increased relative risk of Crohn's disease (RR = 2.9, 95% CI: 1.1-7.9). Use of oral contraceptives was associated with an increased RR of 1.7 for both Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Crohn's disease confined to the colon and total ulcerative colitis at diagnosis were most strongly associated with oral contraceptives.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Epidemiology"}}},"pageStart":"268","pageEnd":"272","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/22.2.268","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44632586"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/ije/22.2.268"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8505183"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44632586"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluation-of-natural-family-planning-programmes-in-liberia-and-zambia-recinwwh1w4ngwbmp/","name":"Evaluation of natural family planning programmes in Liberia and Zambia","headline":"Evaluation of natural family planning programmes in Liberia and Zambia","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluation-of-natural-family-planning-programmes-in-liberia-and-zambia-recinwwh1w4ngwbmp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ronald H Gray","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1952-6507","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claude A. Lanctot","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"African Federation for Emergency Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0489p2588"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M C Martin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5894-5949","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"African Federation for Emergency Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0489p2588"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Cremins"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R T Kambic","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Wesley","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Planned Parenthood Association of Liberia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01a81w125"}}],"datePublished":"1993-04-01","abstract":"Studies to evaluate use-effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of natural family planning (NFP) were conducted in Liberia and Zambia. The Liberian programme provided uni-purpose NFP services to 1055 clients mainly in rural areas; the Zambian programme provided NFP services integrated with MCH to 2709 clients predominantly in urban areas. The one-year life table continuation and unplanned pregnancy rates were 78.9 and 4.3 per 100 woman-years in Liberia, compared to 71.2 and 8.9 in Zambia. However, high rates of loss to follow-up mandate caution in interpretation of these results, especially in Zambia. More women progressed to autonomous NFP use in Liberia (58%) than in Zambia (35.3%). However, programme costs per couple-year protection were lower in Zambia (US$25.7) than in Liberia (US$47.1). Costs per couple-year protection were higher during learning than autonomy, and declined over time. These studies suggest that NFP programmes can achieve acceptable useand cost-effectiveness in Africa.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"25","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Biosocial Science"}}},"pageStart":"249","pageEnd":"258","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021932000020538","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34363830"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1017/s0021932000020538"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8478373"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34363830"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/suboptimal-progesterone-production-in-pathologic-pregnancies-recsnnqzhyr21cfio/","name":"Suboptimal progesterone production in pathologic pregnancies","headline":"Suboptimal progesterone production in pathologic pregnancies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/suboptimal-progesterone-production-in-pathologic-pregnancies-recsnnqzhyr21cfio/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Cunningham DS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brodnik RM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rayl DL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brown AW"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hansen KA"}],"datePublished":"1993-04-01","abstract":"Serum progesterone (P) levels were determined at the time of routine prenatal registration (227 patients) or upon presentation for evaluation of vaginal bleeding and/or abdominopelvic cramping/pain (135 patients). P associated with a normal intrauterine gestation was 24.63 +/- 4.19 (SD) ng/mL as compared with 6.29 +/- 2.43 ng/mL and 6.02 +/- 2.39 ng/mL for spontaneous abortions and ectopic gestations, respectively. Further, P differed between asymptomatic (11.92 +/- 9.61 ng/mL) and symptomatic patients (4.81 +/- 3.92 ng/mL) who were subsequently shown to have an abnormal gestation. By establishing a P cutoff point of < or = 14.2 ng/mL and < or = 10.5 ng/mL in asymptomatic and symptomatic patients, respectively, 100% screening sensitivity was reached, and therefore no abnormal gestations would escape detection in our study population. P was either in the normal or abnormal range as early as four weeks' estimated gestational age and persisted as such through the luteal-to-placental shift and up to the time of pregnancy loss or 12 weeks' estimated gestational age. Although there was no significant correlation between P and chorionic gonadotropin levels and pregnancy outcome, the binding constant for native chorionic gonadotropin was 15-52 times lower in 12 of 41 cases of spontaneous abortion but not ectopic gestation, suggesting a possible molecular basis for suboptimal P production. P is therefore an excellent adjunctive marker for prediction of early pregnancy outcome, and in some cases qualitative abnormalities in chorionic gonadotropin may dictate its production.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"38","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"301","pageEnd":"305","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/do-tocolytic-agents-stop-preterm-labor-a-critical-and-comprehensive-review-of-ef-recgg0n3jpzyj2rn9/","name":"Do tocolytic agents stop preterm labor? A critical and comprehensive review of efficacy and safety","headline":"Do tocolytic agents stop preterm labor? A critical and comprehensive review of efficacy and safety","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/do-tocolytic-agents-stop-preterm-labor-a-critical-and-comprehensive-review-of-ef-recgg0n3jpzyj2rn9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"K Higby","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02f6dcw23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C J Pauerstein","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02f6dcw23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E M Xenakis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02f6dcw23"}}],"datePublished":"1993-04-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to determine the efficacy and safety of tocolytic agents currently used to treat premature labor.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: We carried out a comprehensive review of tocolytic agents in the treatment of premature labor. Three hundred twenty-eight studies published between 1933 and 1992 were analyzed.\n\nRESULTS: An analysis of randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trials showed that magnesium sulfate is not better than placebo in the treatment of premature labor. beta-Adrenergic receptor agonists effectively stop premature labor for only 24 to 48 hours. Calcium channel blockers and oxytocin antagonists inhibit uterine contractions, but their role in stopping labor is undefined. Prostaglandin inhibitors appear to be effective in treating premature labor and have few adverse side effects.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: The only tocolytic drugs that might be effective are the prostaglandin inhibitors. Tocolytic agents should be used only between 24 and 32 completed weeks of gestation. Magnesium sulfate should not be used to treat premature labor. Oxytocin antagonists should be used only in experimental clinical trials. Calcium channel blockers and beta-adrenergic receptor agonists inhibit uterine contractions but do not prolong gestation for longer than 48 hours.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"168","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1247","pageEnd":"1259","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(93)90376-t","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40709497"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(93)90376-t"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8097367"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40709497"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endocrine-changes-and-clinical-outcome-after-laparoscopic-ovarian-resection-in-w-recf0hob66ffeigk0/","name":"Endocrine changes and clinical outcome after laparoscopic ovarian resection in women with polycystic ovaries","headline":"Endocrine changes and clinical outcome after laparoscopic ovarian resection in women with polycystic ovaries","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endocrine-changes-and-clinical-outcome-after-laparoscopic-ovarian-resection-in-w-recf0hob66ffeigk0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M A Lamanna"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Barini"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Campo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8970-3436","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Felli"},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Garcea"}],"datePublished":"1993-03-01","abstract":"Ovarian laparoscopic resection was applied to 23 sterile patients affected with polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD) resistant to different pharmacological treatments, in order to induce ovulation. After resection, 56% of the patients had spontaneous ovulatory cycles and 13 pregnancies arose. Ten of the pregnancies were spontaneous and three followed treatment with clomiphene. Hormone changes were assessed in 15 patients, including five with spontaneous menstruation but without ovulation and five with persistent amenorrhoea for 3 months after resection. A significant decrease in both androstenedione and testosterone levels occurred in all patients. These decreases were not related to the clinical results of resection. Luteinizing hormone (LH) did not vary greatly in any group after resection. Mean values and mean pulsatility of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) increased significantly only in pregnant patients or those with spontaneous ovulatory cycles. The results of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) assays did not change after resection. The mechanisms involved in the resumption of cyclic function of the hypophyseal-ovarian axis after resection are discussed briefly.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"359","pageEnd":"363","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a138051","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54245767"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a138051"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8473448"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q54245767"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/psychosocial-stress-as-a-cause-of-infertility-recdrqvfmrzk2z7rw/","name":"Psychosocial stress as a cause of infertility","headline":"Psychosocial stress as a cause of infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/psychosocial-stress-as-a-cause-of-infertility-recdrqvfmrzk2z7rw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Wasser SK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sewall G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M R Soules","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}}],"datePublished":"1993-03-01","abstract":"An adaptive model for the evolution of reproductive failure predicted psychosocial stress to increase as anatomic causes of infertility decrease. The nonanatomic infertility group in our study reported greater psychosocial stress than intermediate (P < 0.008) or anatomic groups (P < 0.0005). Controls, women with nonanatomic etiologies who were not attempting pregnancy, also reported higher psychosocial stress than the anatomic group (P < 0.007). Results are consistent with the hypothesis that psychosocial distress contributes significantly to the etiology of some forms of infertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"59","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"685","pageEnd":"689","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/smoking-and-ovulation-inhibitor-in-inflammatory-bowel-diseases-rec3ixyjwxf0tyvay/","name":"Smoking and ovulation inhibitor in inflammatory bowel diseases","headline":"Smoking and ovulation inhibitor in inflammatory bowel diseases","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/smoking-and-ovulation-inhibitor-in-inflammatory-bowel-diseases-rec3ixyjwxf0tyvay/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Katschinski B"}],"datePublished":"1993-02-15","abstract":"In a case-control study the effects of smoking and the use of oral contraceptives were examined in 83 patients with Crohn's disease and 37 patients with ulcerative colitis in comparison with members of the general population who served as controls. After controlling for oral contraceptives, smokers were found to have a significantly elevated relative risk of contracting Crohn's disease of 3.0 (1.3 to 6.8). Patients on oral contraceptives for more than three years had an elevated risk for Crohn's disease of 4.3 (1.3 to 14.4); this elevated risk was, however, found only in the non-smoking group. In the case of ulcerative colitis, the relative risk in smokers was significantly lower (0.21 [0.04 to 0.91]) than in non-smokers. The use of oral contraceptives does not represent a risk factor for ulcerative colitis. While smoking has been established as a risk factor in the development of inflammatory bowel disease, the role of oral contraceptives in the aetiology of this condition remains unclear.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"88 Suppl 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Medizinische Klinik (Munich, Germany : 1983)"}},"pageStart":"5","pageEnd":"8","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/postpartum-mood-disorders-a-startling-contrast-to-the-joy-of-birth-recnakk4jqpfe9yfv/","name":"Postpartum mood disorders. A startling contrast to the joy of birth","headline":"Postpartum mood disorders. A startling contrast to the joy of birth","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/postpartum-mood-disorders-a-startling-contrast-to-the-joy-of-birth-recnakk4jqpfe9yfv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"G G Knops","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mayo Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03"}}],"datePublished":"1993-02-15","abstract":"More than half of new mothers may be affected by mood disorders after childbirth. Possible causes and recommended management depend on the type of disorder and its severity. In this article, Dr Knops discusses recognition, prevention, and management of three types of postpartum mood disorders as well as the need for support for a woman and her family at this vulnerable time.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"93","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Postgraduate Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"103","pageEnd":"116","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/00325481.1993.11701624","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40882745"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/00325481.1993.11701624"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8446520"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40882745"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-billings-method-reczccybakbh2wacr/","name":"The Billings method","headline":"The Billings method","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-billings-method-reczccybakbh2wacr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Delangue AF"}],"datePublished":"1993-02-01","abstract":"The Billings method, or cervical mucus method, is a natural family planning method developed during the 1970s by the Australian physicians John and Evelyn Billings. The method requires periodic abstinence during the periods recognized as fertile according to the characteristics of the mucus. The method can be used to avoid pregnancy or to favor it through identification of the day of maximum fecundity. The method does not alter the natural rhythms of the body or entail unpleasant side effects. At the beginning of the menstrual cycle, the cervix is closed by a mucus plug and the sperm survive less than two hours in the acidic environment of the vagina. Several days before ovulation, the cervix begins to secrete mucus that will protect the sperm from the acidity of the vagina and permit their passage to the uterus. Thus protected, the sperm can survive up to four days. Mucus at this stage has an elastic quality. After ovulation, the mucus thickens and becomes increasingly impenetrable to sperm. It feels sticky and gelatinous. The Billings method requires observation of the sensation of wetness or dryness and the characteristics of the mucus. Each evening the woman should note that day's observations on a chart. The \"peak day\" is the last day of elastic mucus that gives a sensation of wetness. The peak day is the most visible sign of ovulation and can be recognized only on the next day. The three days following the peak day are considered fertile, because ovulation can occur up to 48 hours after the peak and the ovum can survive up to 24 hours. If the Billings method is used to avoid pregnancy, intercourse should be avoided during menstruation as the appearance of mucus may be masked in a short cycle. Intercourse is permissible in the evening of every second day until the appearance of the mucus.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Soins. Gynecologie, Obstetrique, Puericulture, Pediatrie"},"pageStart":"15","pageEnd":"16","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptives-and-reproductive-factors-in-multiple-sclerosis-incidence-rechjqbbqy7fgj6ou/","name":"Oral contraceptives and reproductive factors in multiple sclerosis incidence","headline":"Oral contraceptives and reproductive factors in multiple sclerosis incidence","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptives-and-reproductive-factors-in-multiple-sclerosis-incidence-rechjqbbqy7fgj6ou/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"L Villard‐Mackintosh"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vessey, Martin P."},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Vessey","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Primary Health Care","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03djtgh02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Villard-Mackintosh","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, England."}}],"datePublished":"1993-02-01","abstract":"Data from the Oxford.FPA prospective study show that oral contraceptive use and pregnancy have no discernible effect on the risk of developing multiple sclerosis (MS). Women of parity 0-2 developed MS twice as often as women of parity 3 or more but the difference did not reach statistical significance. Smoking may be a risk factor for developing MS. A nested case-control analysis did not identify any associations between MS onset and preceding illnesses.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"47","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"161","pageEnd":"168","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-7824(93)90088-o","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70599032"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0010-7824(93)90088-o"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8449016"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70599032"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/norplant-recr2malcklkgilks/","name":"Norplant","headline":"Norplant","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/norplant-recr2malcklkgilks/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute for Human Reproduction","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1993-02-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"60","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}},"pageStart":"64","pageEnd":"69","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20508549.1993.11878191","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/20508549.1993.11878191"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/scientific-research-on-the-methods-of-diagnosing-fertility-presented-at-the-theo-recczzgh9e9e1bqsi/","name":"Scientific Research on the Methods of Diagnosing Fertility: Presented at the Theological and Pastoral Congress for the 25th Anniversary of Humanae Vitae, Vatican City State, Nov 24-26, 1993","headline":"Scientific Research on the Methods of Diagnosing Fertility: Presented at the Theological and Pastoral Congress for the 25th Anniversary of Humanae Vitae, Vatican City State, Nov 24-26, 1993","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/scientific-research-on-the-methods-of-diagnosing-fertility-presented-at-the-theo-recczzgh9e9e1bqsi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1993-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endocrinological-biophysical-and-biochemical-parameters-of-semen-collected-via-m-awqzwibe/","name":"Endocrinological, biophysical, and biochemical parameters of semen collected via masturbation versus sexual intercourse","headline":"Endocrinological, biophysical, and biochemical parameters of semen collected via masturbation versus sexual intercourse","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endocrinological-biophysical-and-biochemical-parameters-of-semen-collected-via-m-awqzwibe/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sofikitis NV"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Miyagawa I"}],"datePublished":"1993-01-01","abstract":"In clinical programs of assisted reproduction involving infertile males, it is essential to obtain semen of maximum quality. To evaluate ways of achieving this objective, and to assess the fertilizing capacity of the sperm, six semen samples were collected from each of 38 infertile men via masturbation. Six more samples were then collected from each man at sexual intercourse using a semen collection device (SCD). We confirmed that the volume of seminal plasma, total sperm count, sperm motility, and percentage of morphologically normal spermatozoa were significantly higher in samples collected at intercourse than masturbation, as reported previously. In addition, the markers of the secretory function of the prostate and the outcome of sperm function tests (hypoosmotic swelling test, acrosin assay, and sperm penetration assay) were significantly higher for the samples collected at intercourse. There were no significant differences in markers of the secretory function of the seminal vesicles and epididymis between the samples. The improved spermatozoal parameters in the samples collected at intercourse may reflect a higher prostatic secretory function at that time. There were no significant differences in the serum concentrations of gonadotropins, or in the serum or seminal plasma concentrations of testosterone, before or after masturbation or sexual intercourse. Therefore, the differences in prostatic secretory function and semen parameters may not be attributed to differences in hormonal levels. Semen collection during intercourse using an SCD appears to be the method of choice for selecting semen samples for artificial insemination.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of andrology"}}},"pageStart":"366","pageEnd":"73","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8288490"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-familial-risk-of-endometriosis-rec8gudrjpzopsqff/","name":"The familial risk of endometriosis","headline":"The familial risk of endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-familial-risk-of-endometriosis-rec8gudrjpzopsqff/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M H Moen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6013-2409","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oslo University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j9c2840"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Magnus","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6427-4735","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oslo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01xtthb56"}}],"datePublished":"1993-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3109/00016349309058164","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72540144"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3109/00016349309058164"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8213105"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72540144"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/human-cervical-mucus-relationship-between-biochemical-characteristics-and-ability-to-allow-migration-of-spermatozoa-rec5ylbw11vf7cnmr/","name":"Human cervical mucus: relationship between biochemical characteristics and ability to allow migration of spermatozoa","headline":"Human cervical mucus: relationship between biochemical characteristics and ability to allow migration of spermatozoa","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/human-cervical-mucus-relationship-between-biochemical-characteristics-and-ability-to-allow-migration-of-spermatozoa-rec5ylbw11vf7cnmr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"P Morales","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7290-7029","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Roco","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8930-9201"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}}],"datePublished":"1993-01-01","abstract":"Cervical mucus is produced throughout the menstrual cycle. Sperm migration, however, is possible only during the periovulatory period of the cycle. Cervical mucus is also produced during the amenorrhoeic post-partum period. Post-partum mucus is very similar to luteal phase mucus except that it can allow sperm migration. In this study, mucus samples obtained from all these periods were classified according to their capacity to allow sperm migration. The biochemical characteristics of mucus samples that did (peri-ovulatory and 40% of post-partum samples) and did not (luteal and 60% of post-partum samples) allow sperm migration were then compared. Mucus samples with positive sperm migration showed the highest percentage of water and lowest protein and glycoprotein concentration (per ml of mucus). In addition, post-partum mucus samples with positive sperm migration showed lower concentrations of proteins and glycoproteins than post-partum mucus samples that did not allow sperm migration. However, the amount of glycoproteins per mg of protein was similar between post-partum samples that were positive and negative for sperm migration. These data suggest that the carbohydrate composition of the glycoproteins is playing a key role in the ability of cervical mucus to accept spermatozoa.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"78","pageEnd":"83","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a137879","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70625088"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a137879"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8458932"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70625088"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptive-pill-use-and-fractures-in-women-a-prospective-study-reclwur1tdrspuzby/","name":"Oral contraceptive pill use and fractures in women: a prospective study","headline":"Oral contraceptive pill use and fractures in women: a prospective study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptive-pill-use-and-fractures-in-women-a-prospective-study-reclwur1tdrspuzby/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C Cooper","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7234-5409","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Southampton General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/011cztj49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C R Kay","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal College of General Practitioners","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01gdbf303"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Croft","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"MRC Epidemiology Unit","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052578691"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Philip C Hannaford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2588-1006","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Forest Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03wcc3744"}}],"datePublished":"1993-01-01","abstract":"It has been suggested that use of the oral contraceptive pill by women confers protection against osteoporosis later in life. However, cross-sectional studies of bone density among pill users have yielded discrepant results. We therefore investigated the relationship between pill use and subsequent occurrence of fracture in a cohort of 46,000 women enrolled in the Royal College of General Practitioners Oral Contraception Study during 482,083 person-years of follow-up. Fracture risk was lower among multiparous women, non-smokers, and those of lower socio-economic class. The risk of subsequent fractures among the women who had ever used the oral contraceptive pill was significantly greater than that among women who had never used it (relative risk 1.20, 95% confidence intervals 1.08-1.34) after adjustment for these variables. When the analysis was confined to forearm fractures, no significant effect of pill use on fracture risk was detected. Although the study only includes limited observation of older women to date, these data do not support the hypothesis that pill use protects women against the occurrence of osteoporotic fractures in later life.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Bone"}}},"pageStart":"41","pageEnd":"45","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/8756-3282(93)90254-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70584774"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/8756-3282(93)90254-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"8443001"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70584774"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-1992-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-1992-mqvf0gxp/","name":"DIR Jahrbuch 1992 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 1992)","headline":"DIR Jahrbuch 1992 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 1992)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-1992-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-1992-mqvf0gxp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register e.V."}],"datePublished":"1993-01-01","abstract":"Annual report (Jahrbuch) of the Deutsches IVF-Register (DIR) for treatment year 1992. DIR is the German national IVF/ICSI registry, founded 1982 — the oldest continuously operating ART registry. Voluntary professional-society database with high de-facto coverage of German fertility centres. Reports cycles, transfers, pregnancies and clinical outcomes by treatment type (IVF, ICSI, frozen embryo transfer, donor). German-language registry document. Used as a Phase B historical-archive source for the ART Registry Comparison study (cross-registry classification by reporting completeness on 7 framework dimensions).","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register Jahrbuch"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pharmacotherapy-of-preterm-labor-recx1cn8ehzihzlpk/","name":"Pharmacotherapy of preterm labor","headline":"Pharmacotherapy of preterm labor","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pharmacotherapy-of-preterm-labor-recx1cn8ehzihzlpk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Travis BE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"McCullough JM"}],"datePublished":"1993-01-01","abstract":"Preterm labor is defined as the onset of uterine contractions in a woman who has completed less than 37 weeks of pregnancy. It may be due to maternal, placental, fetal, or idiopathic causes, and it is associated with a number of risk factors. Nondrug measures such as bedrest and hydration have been used alone or in combination with drug therapy to treat the disorder. Pharmacologic (tocolytic) agents include ethanol, progesterone, indomethacin, nifedipine, beta-adrenergic agonists, and magnesium salts. The three most commonly used drugs are ritodrine, terbutaline, and magnesium.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Pharmacotherapy"}}},"pageStart":"28","pageEnd":"36","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/human-chorionic-gonadotrophin-hcg-in-the-management-of-recurrent-abortion-result-recowplnrz7wpbg74/","name":"Human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) in the management of recurrent abortion; results of a multi-centre placebo-controlled study","headline":"Human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) in the management of recurrent abortion; results of a multi-centre placebo-controlled study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/human-chorionic-gonadotrophin-hcg-in-the-management-of-recurrent-abortion-result-recowplnrz7wpbg74/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R F Harrison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9323-8637","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rotunda Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05t4vgv93"}}],"datePublished":"1992-12-28","abstract":"An international ten-centre double-blind trial comparing hCG with placebo in the management of habitual abortion was conducted. The dose regime for hCG used was 10,000 IU i.m. on first diagnosis of pregnancy, 5000 IU thence twice weekly to week 12, followed by once weekly up to week 16. Identical ampoulage of placebo was used. Seventy-five patients completed the trial. Thirty-six received hCG and thirty-nine placebo. 83% of the pregnancies on hCG were successful compared with 79% on placebo (P = 0.45). Of the 25 defined as having no cause for their habitual abortion history, 83% on hCG were successful, as were 85% on placebo (P = 0.73). No significant differences were found between the two therapies in terms of delivery weight, placental weight or neonatal Apgar score. This study fails to confirm previous promising placebo-controlled data advocating the use of hCG in habitual abortion.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"47","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology"}}},"pageStart":"175","pageEnd":"179","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0028-2243(92)90147-q","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q53392731"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0028-2243(92)90147-q"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1294401"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q53392731"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/standardization-of-hysterosalpingography-and-selective-salpingography-a-valuable-rec5xszf9oggfsfgj/","name":"Standardization of hysterosalpingography and selective salpingography: a valuable adjunct to simple opacification studies","headline":"Standardization of hysterosalpingography and selective salpingography: a valuable adjunct to simple opacification studies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/standardization-of-hysterosalpingography-and-selective-salpingography-a-valuable-rec5xszf9oggfsfgj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Norbert Gleicher","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0202-4167","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Foundation for Reproductive Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hp71e29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vishvanath Karande","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Foundation for Reproductive Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hp71e29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Parrilli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1210-403X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Foundation for Reproductive Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hp71e29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Pratt","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7552-0334","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Foundation for Reproductive Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hp71e29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Redding","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Foundation for Reproductive Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hp71e29"}}],"datePublished":"1992-12-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To investigate the correlation between opacification and perfusion pressures during hysterosalpingography (HSG) and selective salpingography under the assumption that the latter may add to the diagnostic capabilities of the procedures.\n\nDESIGN: Perfusion pressures were uniformly evaluated by standardizing injection volume per time interval of contrast medium and the delivery system. Pressures were measured in a closed system through a digital manometer and recorded on tracing paper.\n\nSETTING: Fully ambulatory gynecoradiology suite at academically affiliated infertility center.\n\nPATIENTS: Thirty infertility patients.\n\nINTERVENTION: Hysterosalpingography and selective salpingography for diagnostic purposes.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Correlation between opacification patterns and perfusion pressures.\n\nRESULTS: The evaluation of perfusion pressures during HSG is unreliable because they may be affected by uterine factors and will only reflect the oviduct of least resistance. In contrast, perfusion pressures during selective salpingography are reflective of only the investigated tube. They appear to lie within a functionally normal range of up to 350 mm Hg. Tubes by opacification judged as normal exhibited a pressure range of 429 +/- 376 mm Hg, which was significantly lower than that of abnormally appearing oviducts (957 +/- 445 mm Hg; P = 0.001).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: The concomitant performance of perfusion pressure studies during selective salpingography further enhances the diagnostic capability of selective salpingography over HSG in the diagnostic evaluation of fallopian tubes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"58","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1136","pageEnd":"1141","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)55558-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39233214"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)55558-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1459262"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39233214"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polycystic-ovary-syndrome-and-risk-for-myocardial-infarction-evaluated-from-a-ri-rec24lsqbrk9ywksi/","name":"Polycystic ovary syndrome and risk for myocardial infarction. Evaluated from a risk factor model based on a prospective population study of women","headline":"Polycystic ovary syndrome and risk for myocardial infarction. Evaluated from a risk factor model based on a prospective population study of women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polycystic-ovary-syndrome-and-risk-for-myocardial-infarction-evaluated-from-a-ri-rec24lsqbrk9ywksi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E Dahlgren","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sahlgrenska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vgqjj36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P O Janson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sahlgrenska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vgqjj36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Johansson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5031-804X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sahlgrenska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vgqjj36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Lapidus","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sahlgrenska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vgqjj36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Oden","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3510-0709","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sahlgrenska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vgqjj36"}}],"datePublished":"1992-12-01","abstract":"In order to estimate whether women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have an increased risk of developing myocardial infarction, a risk factor model was applied on 33 women with PCOS and 132 age matched referents. The risk factor model was established from independent risk factors for myocardial infarction in a prospective population study of 1462 women in Göteborg, Sweden. The independent risk factors were age, manifest hypertension, manifest diabetes mellitus, central obesity measured as increased waist to hip circumference ratio and serum triglyceride concentration. A considerably increased risk (relative risk of 7.4) of developing myocardial infarction was observed for women with PCOS compared to age-matched referents. Since the risk factors include variables correlated to obesity, the results indicate that advice on dietary restriction is an important part of the treatment once the diagnosis is established.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"71","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica"}}},"pageStart":"599","pageEnd":"604","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3109/00016349209006227","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67509425"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3109/00016349209006227"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1336918"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q67509425"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/characteristics-relating-to-ovarian-cancer-risk-collaborative-analysis-of-12-us--reckkghiqjvs8hsnw/","name":"Characteristics relating to ovarian cancer risk: collaborative analysis of 12 US case-control studies. II. Invasive epithelial ovarian cancers in white women. Collaborative Ovarian Cancer Group","headline":"Characteristics relating to ovarian cancer risk: collaborative analysis of 12 US case-control studies. II. Invasive epithelial ovarian cancers in white women. Collaborative Ovarian Cancer Group","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/characteristics-relating-to-ovarian-cancer-risk-collaborative-analysis-of-12-us--reckkghiqjvs8hsnw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Alice S. Whittmore","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f54p054"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robin B. Harris","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2420-9290","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f54p054"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Harris","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2684-6202"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Itnyre","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f54p054"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alice S Whittemore","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1985-9926","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California;","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f54p054"}}],"datePublished":"1992-11-15","abstract":"Data collected from 2,197 white ovarian cancer patients and 8,893 white controls in 12 US case-control studies conducted in the period 1956-1986 were used to evaluate the relation of invasive epithelial ovarian cancer to reproductive and menstrual characteristics, exogenous estrogen use, and prior pelvic surgeries. Clear trends of decreasing risk were evident with increasing number of pregnancies (regardless of outcome) and increasing duration of breast feeding and oral contraceptive use. Ovarian dysfunction leading to both infertility and malignancy is an unlikely explanation for these trends for several reasons: 1) The trends were evident even among the highly parous; 2) risk among nulliparous women did not vary by marital status or gravidity; and 3) risk among ever-married women showed little relation to length of longest pregnancy attempt or history of clinically diagnosed infertility. Risk was increased among women who had used fertility drugs and among women with long total duration of premenopausal sexual activity without birth control; these associations were particularly strong among the nulligravid. No consistent trends in risk were seen with age at menarche, age at menopause, or duration of estrogen replacement therapy. A history of tubal ligation or of hysterectomy with ovarian conservation was associated with reduced ovarian cancer risk. These observations suggest that pregnancy, breast feeding, and oral contraceptive use induce biological changes that protect against ovarian malignancy, that, at most, a small fraction of the excess ovarian cancer risk among nulliparous women is due to infertility, and that any increased risk associated with infertility may be due to the use of fertility drugs.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"136","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Epidemiology"}}},"pageStart":"1184","pageEnd":"1203","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116427","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67979093"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116427"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1476141"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q67979093"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-prospective-comparison-of-terbutaline-and-magnesium-for-tocolysis-recn3hqpzcyzpioel/","name":"A prospective comparison of terbutaline and magnesium for tocolysis","headline":"A prospective comparison of terbutaline and magnesium for tocolysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-prospective-comparison-of-terbutaline-and-magnesium-for-tocolysis-recn3hqpzcyzpioel/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Chau AC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gabert HA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Miller JM Jr"}],"datePublished":"1992-11-11","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To compare the tocolytic efficacy and side effects of parenteral and oral magnesium and terbutaline.\n\nMETHODS: Ninety-eight patients in labor between 23-35 weeks were prospectively entered into a controlled trial of intravenous and oral magnesium versus subcutaneous and oral terbutaline. Tocolytic effectiveness was judged by delay of delivery for 48 hours or 1 week, and to 37 weeks or more. The need to change therapy to the alternate drug was identified, as were side effects. Entrance characteristics of the population, initial pelvic examination, and concomitant infection or cervicovaginal isolates were noted. Outcomes included gestational age at delivery, birth weights, and Apgar scores. Outcome analysis was based on initial tocolytic therapy.\n\nRESULTS: Significantly more patients in the magnesium group delivered at 37 weeks or more: 34 of 46 versus 27 of 52 (P < .05). No significant differences were found for delivery by 48 hours or 1 week. The interval between treatment and delivery was greater for magnesium: 7.1 +/- 3.9 versus 5.0 +/- 3.2 weeks (P < .005). Failure to achieve 37 completed weeks was more often due to obstetric complications than to preterm labor itself. Tocolytic effectiveness was reduced if secondary therapy or re-treatment was required or if the patient had cervical dilatation of 3 cm or greater. Infectious complications were common but were not associated with tocolytic effectiveness. Side effects were more noticeable with oral magnesium and subcutaneous terbutaline.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: For short-term tocolysis, no significant difference was found between magnesium and terbutaline. Magnesium was associated with a higher term delivery rate. Idiopathic preterm labor accounted for only a small part of the overall prematurity in the study population.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"80","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"847","pageEnd":"851","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/steroid-and-peptide-regulation-of-insulin-like-growth-factor-binding-proteins-se-rec6kw4nyxt4yjweg/","name":"Steroid and peptide regulation of insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins secreted by human endometrial stromal cells is dependent on stromal differentiation","headline":"Steroid and peptide regulation of insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins secreted by human endometrial stromal cells is dependent on stromal differentiation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/steroid-and-peptide-regulation-of-insulin-like-growth-factor-binding-proteins-se-rec6kw4nyxt4yjweg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Linda C Giudice","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1677-0822","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Juan C Irwin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5647-4331","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B A Dsupin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f54p054"}}],"datePublished":"1992-11-01","abstract":"Endometrial stromal cells undergo decidual transformation, in response to epidermal growth factor (EGF) and progesterone. Since insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs) are believed to be involved in endometrial differentiation, and insulin regulates IGFBP production in a variety of cells, we have investigated the modulatory roles of EGF, progesterone, and insulin on IGFBP secretion by long term cultures of human endometrial stromal cells. Without insulin, the principal IGFBP secreted into conditioned medium, detected by Western ligand blotting, was a 28-kilodalton (kDa) IGFBP, identified by immunoprecipitation as IGFBP-1. This was observed only when the stromal cells were decidualized. With increasing insulin, IGFBP-1 decreased to undetectable levels. Concomitantly, IGFBP-2 increased, as did a 24-kDa IGFBP (believed to be IGFBP-4) and a 28-kDa IGFBP, shown to be a glycoprotein by endoglycosidase sensitivity (and believed to be glycosylated IGFBP-4). In the nondecidualized state, insulin increased the secretion of IGFBP-3, IGFBP-2, and the 24-kDa IGFBP, which were slightly inhibited by EGF and relatively unaffected by progesterone alone. In the absence of insulin, progesterone weakly stimulated IGFBP-1 secretion, which increased markedly when the cells were decidualized by combined treatment with EGF and progesterone. These data show that IGFBP-3, IGFBP-2, IGFBP-1, and presumably IGFBP-4 and its glycosylated form are differentially regulated by peptide and steroid hormones in endometrial stromal cells and that their regulation is a function of stromal differentiation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"75","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"1235","pageEnd":"1241","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem.75.5.1385468","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46028025"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jcem.75.5.1385468"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1385468"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46028025"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-tocolytic-agents-indomethacin-and-terbutaline-on-fetal-breathing-a-reck0gpvjvhypgs27/","name":"The effect of tocolytic agents (indomethacin and terbutaline) on fetal breathing and body movements: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial","headline":"The effect of tocolytic agents (indomethacin and terbutaline) on fetal breathing and body movements: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-tocolytic-agents-indomethacin-and-terbutaline-on-fetal-breathing-a-reck0gpvjvhypgs27/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Moise KJ Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kenneth J. Moise","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5028-8426","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Children's Nutrition Research Center at Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03s936v76"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen Dorman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Children's Nutrition Research Center at Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03s936v76"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D B Cotton","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5165-3579","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Children's Nutrition Research Center at Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03s936v76"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Hallak","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Lira","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Agricultural Research Service","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02d2m2044"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E O Smith","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Children's Nutrition Research Center at Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03s936v76"}}],"datePublished":"1992-10-11","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: The null hypothesis of this study is that maternal administration of indomethacin or terbutaline will not affect fetal breathing and body movements.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: Thirty patients with a low-risk pregnancy, gestational age 26 to 32 weeks, and no signs of preterm labor were randomly assigned to receive either terbutaline (5 mg), indomethacin (50 mg), or a placebo. Ultrasonographic evaluation of fetal breathing and body movements was performed for 1 hour before and 1 hour after treatment. The total amount of time of fetal breathing and body movements in each group was subject to statistical analysis that included analysis of variance and covariance and a multiple comparison procedure.\n\nRESULTS: Indomethacin increased fetal breathing from 20.8 +/- 13.1 minutes to 42.2 +/- 14.8 minutes (p < 0.01), whereas terbutaline increased fetal breathing movements from 19.8 +/- 9.0 minutes to 35.2 +/- 12.4 minutes (p < 0.01). No significant treatment effect was detected on fetal body movements.\n\nCONCLUSION: Between 26 and 32 weeks' gestation, a single dosage of indomethacin or terbutaline increases fetal breathing movements by 103% and 78%, respectively.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"167","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4 Pt 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1059","pageEnd":"1063","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9378(12)80038-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41098281"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0002-9378(12)80038-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1415392"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41098281"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cumulative-pregnancy-rates-in-patients-with-apparently-normal-fertility-in-ferti-0pjhm9od/","name":"Cumulative pregnancy rates in patients with apparently normal fertility and fertility-focused intercourse","headline":"Cumulative pregnancy rates in patients with apparently normal fertility and fertility-focused intercourse","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cumulative-pregnancy-rates-in-patients-with-apparently-normal-fertility-in-ferti-0pjhm9od/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Diane Daly","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4526-9869","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint John's Mercy Medical Center"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Prebil AM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hilgers SK"}],"datePublished":"1992-10-01","abstract":"Fifty consecutive clients achieved pregnancy using a standardization modification of the Billings ovulation method (the Creighton Model Natural Family Planning System). Of 50 clients followed, 38 (76%) achieved pregnancy in the first cycle of fertility-focused intercourse, 45 of 50 (90%) achieved pregnancy by the third cycle and 49 of 50 achieved pregnancy by the sixth cycle (98%).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"37","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of reproductive medicine"}}},"pageStart":"864","pageEnd":"6","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33975655","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1479570"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33975655"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cumulative-pregnancy-rates-in-patients-with-apparently-normal-fertility-and-fert-recqv9jlhiqhkev3f/","name":"Cumulative pregnancy rates in patients with apparently normal fertility and fertility-focused intercourse","headline":"Cumulative pregnancy rates in patients with apparently normal fertility and fertility-focused intercourse","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cumulative-pregnancy-rates-in-patients-with-apparently-normal-fertility-and-fert-recqv9jlhiqhkev3f/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Prebil AM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hilgers SK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Diane Daly","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4526-9869","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint John's Mercy Medical Center"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1992-10-01","abstract":"Fifty consecutive clients achieved pregnancy using a standardization modification of the Billings ovulation method (the Creighton Model Natural Family Planning System). Of 50 clients followed, 38 (76%) achieved pregnancy in the first cycle of fertility-focused intercourse, 45 of 50 (90%) achieved pregnancy by the third cycle and 49 of 50 achieved pregnancy by the sixth cycle (98%).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"37","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"864","pageEnd":"866","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/obstetric-outcome-of-in-vitro-fertilization-pregnancies-compared-with-normally-c-recxgqbnquyrmou9z/","name":"Obstetric outcome of in vitro fertilization pregnancies compared with normally conceived pregnancies","headline":"Obstetric outcome of in vitro fertilization pregnancies compared with normally conceived pregnancies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/obstetric-outcome-of-in-vitro-fertilization-pregnancies-compared-with-normally-c-recxgqbnquyrmou9z/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S L Tan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4065-8619","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sheffield Hallam University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/019wt1929"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Doyle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1386-3780","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00a0jsq62"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Valerie Beral","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3581-9361"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert Edwards","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8994-0861"},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Brinsden"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Campbell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2185-9784","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Great Ormond Street Hospital"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Mason"},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Rizk"}],"datePublished":"1992-09-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To compare the obstetric outcome of in vitro fertilization pregnancies with normally conceived pregnancies.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: The obstetric outcome of in vitro fertilization pregnancies achieved in 763 British residents at two in vitro fertilization clinics resulting in the births of 961 babies were compared by means of the relative risk statistic with a control group of naturally conceived primiparous pregnancies matched by maternal age and multiplicity of pregnancy.\n\nRESULTS: Twenty-five percent of in vitro fertilization pregnancies were multiple pregnancies. The incidence of singleton term breech presentation was similar to that among controls. As compared with controls there was an increased incidence among in vitro fertilization pregnancies of vaginal bleeding and hypertension requiring hospitalization (p less than 0.001) and cesarean births (p less than 0.001) and, among in vitro fertilization singleton pregnancies, an increased incidence of intrauterine growth retardation (p less than 0.05), placenta previa (p less than 0.05), and preterm delivery (p less than 0.001). The congenital malformation, stillbirth, and perinatal mortality rates were comparable with maternal age-standardized national rates.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Although the majority of in vitro fertilization pregnancies have a satisfactory obstetric outcome, there are a number of increased obstetric risks that may reflect the history of infertility, the relatively high incidence of poor obstetric history, and the lower threshold for obstetric intervention in in vitro fertilization patients.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"167","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"778","pageEnd":"784","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9378(11)91589-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43533764"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0002-9378(11)91589-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1530039"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43533764"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/influence-of-corpus-luteum-age-on-the-steroidogenic-response-to-exogenous-human--recopugr9xtv7df9c/","name":"Influence of corpus luteum age on the steroidogenic response to exogenous human chorionic gonadotropin in normal cycling women","headline":"Influence of corpus luteum age on the steroidogenic response to exogenous human chorionic gonadotropin in normal cycling women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/influence-of-corpus-luteum-age-on-the-steroidogenic-response-to-exogenous-human--recopugr9xtv7df9c/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"D L Hess","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7869-6923","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pittsburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M A Fritz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04r3kq386"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P E Patton"}],"datePublished":"1992-09-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: The null hypothesis of this study is that the patterns of steroid secretion exhibited by the human corpus luteum in response to exogenous human chorionic gonadotropin stimulation are independent of corpus luteum age at the time of treatment.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: Twenty-five normally cycling women in whom the midcycle urinary luteinizing hormone surge (luteal day 0) was identified and from whom blood samples were obtained daily from cycle day 11 until menses were prospectively randomized to receive no treatment (group I, n = 5) or exogenous human chorionic gonadotropin 5000 IU administered intramuscularly on luteal day 0 (group II, n = 5), +4 (group III, n = 5), +8 (group IV, n = 5), or +12 (group V, n = 5). Serum concentrations of estrone, estradiol, progesterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, and androstenedione were measured by specific radioimmunoassays in all subjects; serum human chorionic gonadotropin concentrations were determined by immunoradiometric assay in treated subjects.\n\nRESULTS: Serum human chorionic gonadotropin levels (mean +/- SEM) were virtually identical among treatment groups (p greater than 0.05). Luteal phase duration (mean +/- SEM) was prolonged (p less than 0.05) only in group V (18.4 +/- 0.5 days) compared with untreated subjects (group I 13.8 +/- 0.7 days). In all groups estrone and 17-hydroxyprogesterone concentrations closely paralleled those of estradiol and progesterone, respectively. Steroid data and progesterone/estradiol ratios (mean +/- SEM) in groups I and II were indistinguishable and were combined (control, n = 10). Group III subjects exhibited patterns of steroid secretion similar to groups I and II, although progesterone was moderately increased after human chorionic gonadotropin treatment. In groups IV and V, progesterone increased (p less than 0.05) 1 day after human chorionic gonadotropin and remained elevated for 5 to 6 days; a 4-day rise (p less than 0.05) in estradiol began 3 days after treatment, and androstenedione rose modestly in parallel. Progesterone/estradiol ratios in groups III through V increased (p less than 0.05) approximately twofold after human chorionic gonadotropin treatment and remained elevated for 4 to 5 days.\n\nCONCLUSION: The human corpus luteum exhibits distinct age-dependent patterns of steroid secretion in response to exogenous human chorionic gonadotropin stimulation, an observation that may have clinical implications regarding the empirical use of exogenous human chorionic gonadotropin in support of luteal function.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"167","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"709","pageEnd":"716","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9378(11)91576-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41111800"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0002-9378(11)91576-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1530028"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41111800"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/treatment-of-premenstrual-syndrome-with-fluoxetine-a-double-blind-placebo-contro-rec7lwh2wjjf473tb/","name":"Treatment of premenstrual syndrome with fluoxetine: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study","headline":"Treatment of premenstrual syndrome with fluoxetine: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/treatment-of-premenstrual-syndrome-with-fluoxetine-a-double-blind-placebo-contro-rec7lwh2wjjf473tb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Wood SH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Moossazadeh F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chan YF","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9327-1851"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J F Mortola","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S S Yen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48"}}],"datePublished":"1992-09-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: Although its etiology is unknown, it has been hypothesized that premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is linked to a deficiency of central serotoninergic activity. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of fluoxetine, a specific serotonin uptake inhibitor, on PMS symptoms.\n\nMETHODS: Following extensive screening, including several psychological inventories, eight women with severe persistent PMS participated in a 6-month double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study which included three months each of daily fluoxetine 20 mg or placebo, administered in a randomized order. Symptoms were evaluated using the Calendar of Premenstrual Experiences and other psychometric measures.\n\nRESULTS: Compared with placebo, treatment with fluoxetine was associated with an improvement in PMS symptoms as judged by highly significant decreases in behavioral (P less than .005), physical (P less than .05), and total (P less than .005) Calendar of Premenstrual Experiences scores; Beck Depression Inventory scores (P less than .005); Profile of Mood States subscales scores including depression (P less than .005), tension (P less than .005), and anger (P less than .01); and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory scores. The use of fluoxetine was associated with a greater mean reduction in behavioral (75%) than in physical scores (40%), with a mean decrease in total Calendar of Premenstrual Experiences scores of 62%, which rendered these scores similar to follicular phase values. Thus, the luteal phase symptomatology of PMS was effectively abolished. At this dose, no significant side effects or complications were noted during treatment.\n\nCONCLUSION: Fluoxetine appears to be a highly effective, well-tolerated treatment for the psychological and physical symptoms accompanying severe PMS.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"80","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3 Pt 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"339","pageEnd":"344","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/puerperal-psychoses-a-clinical-case-study-with-follow-up-recpvgp1xgtvvnzvk/","name":"Puerperal psychoses: a clinical case study with follow-up","headline":"Puerperal psychoses: a clinical case study with follow-up","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/puerperal-psychoses-a-clinical-case-study-with-follow-up-recpvgp1xgtvvnzvk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"P L Cabras","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Florence","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Giovanni M. Marchetti","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4413-9349","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Florence","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Benvenuti","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Florence","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Pazzagli","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Florence","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Rosseti","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Florence","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Servi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Florence","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763"}}],"datePublished":"1992-09-01","abstract":"Thirty cases of post-partum psychotic disorders occurred between 1973 and 1987 and hospitalized at the Psychiatric Ward of Florence University were studied and followed up. A structured diagnostic interview was used, which explored DSM Ill-R diagnosis both for mood disorders and for psychotic features. The psychotic symptoms had started within 8 weeks of parturition in all cases. Only 36.7% of the patients showed no subsequent pathology after the puerperal symptoms. The diagnoses, both at the index episode and at the follow-up, revealed a great predominance of mood disorders and the absence of schizophrenia. The follow-up survey showed a greater proportion of bipolar disorders than it appeared at the puerperal onset of the disease. A high frequency of puerperal psychotic relapses has also occurred after subsequent deliveries during the follow-up period.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"26","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Affective Disorders"}}},"pageStart":"25","pageEnd":"30","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-0327(92)90031-z","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44670116"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0165-0327(92)90031-z"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1430665"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44670116"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reproduction-for-the-athletic-woman-new-understandings-of-physiology-and-managem-recil3fqtezb6nx4e/","name":"Reproduction for the athletic woman. New understandings of physiology and  management","headline":"Reproduction for the athletic woman. New understandings of physiology and  management","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reproduction-for-the-athletic-woman-new-understandings-of-physiology-and-managem-recil3fqtezb6nx4e/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D W McKay","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y M Vigna","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8840-192X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"1992-09-01","abstract":"A physically active and athletic lifestyle is not only a healthy but a fulfilling choice for women. Although there is extensive literature on 'athletic amenorrhoea' which implies that exercise causes loss of the menstrual cycle, there is inadequate scientific evidence for a causal relationship. The reproductive system adapts to environmental, nutritional, emotional and physical stressors or 'threats' by downward adjustment towards the premenarcheal pattern. The hormonal milieu of this adaptation is low gonadal steroid and high glucocorticoid levels which synergistically increase the risk for a negative bone balance. Athletic women may become amenorrhoeic if reproductive immaturity, emotional stress and undernutrition coexist with increasing exercise loads. Treatment for athletic women with menstrual cycle changes requires that hypothalamic stressors be identified and decreased. In addition, as progesterone deficiency (from disorders of ovulation, whether flow is regular or absent) is the most prevalent menstrual cycle change, treatment with medroxyprogesterone on days 16 to 25 of their cycle will not only provide regular flow (if estrogen levels are sufficient) but will also promote increased bone density.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)"}}},"pageStart":"190","pageEnd":"199","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-199214030-00005","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35532062"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2165/00007256-199214030-00005"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1439394"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35532062"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/folates-and-post-partum-depression-rechsiyf2jdhtn5rr/","name":"Folates and post partum depression","headline":"Folates and post partum depression","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/folates-and-post-partum-depression-rechsiyf2jdhtn5rr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hyman Miller","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Louis-Mourier","sameAs":"https://ror.org/004nnf780"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Lemperiere","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Louis-Mourier","sameAs":"https://ror.org/004nnf780"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Rouillon","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Louis-Mourier","sameAs":"https://ror.org/004nnf780"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Thalassinos","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Louis-Mourier","sameAs":"https://ror.org/004nnf780"}}],"datePublished":"1992-08-01","abstract":"Hypofolatemia can cause psychiatric disturbances of a depressive nature. Pregnancy and delivery are often associated with hypofolatemia. This study was conducted to determine if hypofolatemia at day 3 post partum is a risk factor for baby blues or post partum depression. To study this hypothesis, 131 post partum women were followed prospectively for the 3 months immediately following delivery. 19% were found to have 'baby blues', as defined by a score greater than 20 on Pitt's scale (Pitt, 1968, J. Psychiatry 114, 1325-1335) and 12% had post partum depression as defined by a score greater than 7 on QD2A scale (Pichot et al., 1984, Rev. Psycholog. App. 34, 229-250, 323-340), within the three months post partum. No relationship was observed between the serum or erythrocyte folate levels on the third day following delivery and the maternal post partum depression scores. A statistically significant correlation between post partum depression and previous psychiatric disturbance was, however, observed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"25","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Affective Disorders"}}},"pageStart":"235","pageEnd":"241","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-0327(92)90081-g","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41100029"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0165-0327(92)90081-g"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1430660"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41100029"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-incidence-of-cerebral-palsy-recgplove4xnxbbkb/","name":"The incidence of cerebral palsy","headline":"The incidence of cerebral palsy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-incidence-of-cerebral-palsy-recgplove4xnxbbkb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J C Dickinson"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Rosen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2968-8959"}],"datePublished":"1992-08-01","abstract":"The clinician is often held responsible for obstetric events that are suspected of being related to cerebral palsy. To review the incidence of cerebral palsy and to aid the clinician in this situation, a search of published studies was conducted. Composite rates of cerebral palsy in different birth weight infants and cerebral palsy with and without serious mental retardation were calculated. The cumulative incidence rate at the age of 5 to 7 years was 2.7 cases of cerebral palsy for 1000 birth cohorts. Approximately 36% of all cerebral palsy occurred in the infant less than 2500 gm. Serious mental retardation (intelligence quotient less than 50) accompanied cerebral palsy approximately 30% of the time for the term infant and 18% of the time when the infant was less than 2500 gm. On the basis of a past estimation that 70% of cerebral palsy is of antepartum or unknown origin, the term infant at risk for intrapartum-attributed cerebral palsy may be about 1 in 2000 term births.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"167","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"417","pageEnd":"423","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9378(11)91422-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35670074"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0002-9378(11)91422-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1497045"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35670074"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluation-of-sodium-carboxymethylcellulose-for-prevention-of-adhesions-after-ut-recilbgjrd7h3qzdc/","name":"Evaluation of sodium carboxymethylcellulose for prevention of adhesions after uterine trauma in ewes","headline":"Evaluation of sodium carboxymethylcellulose for prevention of adhesions after uterine trauma in ewes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluation-of-sodium-carboxymethylcellulose-for-prevention-of-adhesions-after-ut-recilbgjrd7h3qzdc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Moll HD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wolfe DF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Schumacher J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wright JC"}],"datePublished":"1992-08-01","abstract":"Efficacy of a 1% solution of sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) infused into the peritoneal cavity of ewes was evaluated for prevention of intraperitoneal adhesions resulting from surgery of the reproductive tract. Six ewes were assigned to each of 4 groups. Group-1 ewes were controls that underwent ventral midline celiotomy and exploration of the abdominal viscera. Group-2 ewes were treated similarly to group-1 ewes, except that a 1% solution of CMC (14 ml/kg of body weight) was infused into the peritoneal cavity. This group was studied to determine whether CMC would cause changes in the peritoneal cavity. Group-3 comprised ewes representing a uterine trauma model. Ewes underwent abdominal exploration, but in addition had a standard embryo collection technique performed on 1 uterine horn and hysterotomy performed on the opposite uterine horn. Group-4 ewes were treated like group-3 ewes, except that, similar to treatment of group-2 ewes, CMC was infused into the peritoneal cavity. All ewes were euthanatized and necropsied 12 to 14 days after surgery. Abdominal adhesions were evaluated, and an adhesion severity score was assigned to each ewe on the basis of number and severity of the adhesions. Ewes of all groups had abdominal adhesions. Significantly (P less than 0.05) lower adhesion score was observed in ewes given CMC (groups 2 and 4) than in the adhesion model (group 3). Significant difference was not observed in adhesion score when groups 1, 2, or 4 were compared. Though not statistically significant, fewer adhesions were observed in ewes of groups 2 and 4 than in group-1 ewes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"53","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Veterinary Research"}}},"pageStart":"1454","pageEnd":"1456","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancy-following-infertility-recmq6emja1lxo5qq/","name":"Pregnancy following infertility","headline":"Pregnancy following infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancy-following-infertility-recmq6emja1lxo5qq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ashish Bhalla","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5210-1012","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/009nfym65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L. K. Dhaliwal","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/009nfym65"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A K Bhalla","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9763-0911","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education, and Research, Chandigarh, India."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Sarala","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marymount University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0008kv292"}}],"datePublished":"1992-08-01","abstract":"Pregnancies of 112 patients who had conceived after a history of a minimum of 2 years of infertility were compared to an equal number of matching controls without prior infertility to find out any risk of increased pregnancy complications. These patients were at a significantly higher risk of developing first trimester bleeding, antepartum haemorrhage and intrauterine fetal death. Also there were higher rates of preterm delivery and Caesarean section. The patients in the study group had a significantly higher number of stillborn babies. The incidence of other complications such as ectopic pregnancy, multiple pregnancy, and medical complications was also higher in these patients but the difference was not statistically significant.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Australian & New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"249","pageEnd":"251","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1479-828x.1992.tb01959.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67588326"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1479-828x.1992.tb01959.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1445139"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q67588326"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-natural-killer-activity-of-peritoneal-fluid-lymphocytes-is-decreased-in-wome-recydzd8henqrihkg/","name":"The natural killer activity of peritoneal fluid lymphocytes is decreased in women with endometriosis","headline":"The natural killer activity of peritoneal fluid lymphocytes is decreased in women with endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-natural-killer-activity-of-peritoneal-fluid-lymphocytes-is-decreased-in-wome-recydzd8henqrihkg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Christel Meuleman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9209-614X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"KU Leuven","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05f950310"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P R Koninckx","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rega Institute for Medical Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03w5j8p12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D J Oosterlynck","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rega Institute for Medical Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03w5j8p12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Vandeputte","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1431-441X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rega Institute for Medical Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03w5j8p12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Waer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rega Institute for Medical Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03w5j8p12"}}],"datePublished":"1992-08-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To investigate the local natural killer (NK) activity of the peritoneal fluid mononuclear cells (PFMC).\n\nDESIGN\n\nPATIENTS: In a prospective way, the NK activity (K562-assay) was measured in peripheral blood (PB) and peritoneal fluid (PF) of 44 women who underwent a laparoscopy for infertility and/or pain at the University Hospital of Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The NK activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and PFMC, the number and concentration of PFMC, the percentage of lymphocytes versus macrophages by May-Grünwald-Giemsa staining and the estradiol and progesterone concentration of the PF were correlated together and with the severity of endometriosis.\n\nRESULTS: We demonstrated that there is a significant NK activity in PF and that this activity is decreased in women with endometriosis. This defect was more pronounced in the follicular phase of the cycle compared with the postovulatory phase. In PB of the same 44 women, the decreased NK activity correlated with the severity of the disease. This confirms our previous report on another 34 women.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: The NK activity is decreased in women with endometriosis and correlated significantly with the severity of the disease in both the PB and PF of women with endometriosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"58","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"290","pageEnd":"295","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)55224-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68213311"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)55224-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1633893"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68213311"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/re-polycystic-ovaries-and-the-risk-of-breast-cancer-recdimjfbzocer9tj/","name":"Re: \"Polycystic ovaries and the risk of breast cancer\"","headline":"Re: \"Polycystic ovaries and the risk of breast cancer\"","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/re-polycystic-ovaries-and-the-risk-of-breast-cancer-recdimjfbzocer9tj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Alice S Whittemore","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1985-9926","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California;","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f54p054"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Toniolo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"New York University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0190ak572"}}],"datePublished":"1992-08-01","abstract":"Gammon and Thompson (1) recently reported in the Journal the results of an analysis of data from the Center for Disease Control's Cancer and Steroid Hormones Study to examine the association between a history of physician-diagnosed polycystic ovaries and the risk of breast cancer. Despite the small number of exposed cases (n =23) and controls (nm 44), their data strongly support the conclusion that a history of polycystic ovaries protects against premenopausal and carly postmenopausal breast cancer. These results are in apparent conflict with those reported in a previous cohort study by Coulam et al. (2), who found a threefold increase in postmenopausal breast cancer in women with polycystic ovaries. Such discrepancy may reflect real, albeit unexplained differences between premenopausal and postmenopausal women in the influence of endogenous hormones on breast cancer.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"136","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Epidemiology"}}},"pageStart":"372","pageEnd":"373","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116506","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67566861"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116506"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1415155"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q67566861"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/glucocorticoid-treatment-decreases-sera-embryotoxicity-in-endometriosis-patients-recvoomuuryzijrev/","name":"Glucocorticoid treatment decreases sera embryotoxicity in endometriosis patients","headline":"Glucocorticoid treatment decreases sera embryotoxicity in endometriosis patients","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/glucocorticoid-treatment-decreases-sera-embryotoxicity-in-endometriosis-patients-recvoomuuryzijrev/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Carlos Simón","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5453-9659","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04drvxt59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"De los Santos MJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M J De los Santos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2219-9486","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Davis"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonio Pellicer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1234-3281"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Emilio Gómez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0593-3056","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Mir","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1179-3774","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"City College, University of Calcutta"}}],"datePublished":"1992-08-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of short-term glucocorticoid administration on embryotoxicity of sera from infertile patients with mild to moderate endometriosis.\n\nDESIGN: Prospective longitudinal study.\n\nSETTING,\n\nPATIENTS: Eight infertile patients with mild to moderate endometriosis and a control group of eight infertile patients with tubal infertility were selected on the basis of laparoscopic examination.\n\nINTERVENTIONS: Basal (B) serum collection and day 1 (T1), day 3 (T2), day 6 (T3), and day 12 (T4) serum drawn after a 3-day glucocorticoid treatment in endometriosis patients.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Embryotoxicity of endometriosis sera, before and after glucocorticoid treatment, was investigated using a bioassay performed on two-cell mouse embryos. Interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1 alpha) and antismooth muscle, antimitochondrial, and antinuclear autoantibodies were also tested in these sera.\n\nRESULTS: At 50% concentration, endometriosis serum is embryotoxic in comparison with control; 0% versus 61% of the embryos reached the blastocyst stage at 72 hours, respectively (basal versus control, P less than 0.001). However, this embryotoxicity significantly decreases 12 days after glucocorticoid treatment in comparison with untreated sera; 32.4% versus 0% of the embryos reached blastocyst stage at 72 hours, respectively (T4 versus basal, P less than 0.001), although they did not reach nontoxic levels (greater than 50%). Interleukin 1 alpha was undetectable in all samples analyzed. In endometriosis sera, antismooth muscle antibody was detected.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: At 50% concentration, serum from infertile patients with minimal to moderate endometriosis appears to be embryotoxic to the in vitro development of two-cell mouse embryos. However, this embryotoxicity significantly decreases 12 days after a 3-day treatment with glucocorticoids.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"58","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"284","pageEnd":"289","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)55198-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42462022"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)55198-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1633892"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q42462022"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-simple-safe-technique-for-placement-of-the-veress-needle-and-trocar-in-laparos-reclucewwm2b82bol/","name":"A simple, safe technique for placement of the veress needle and trocar in laparoscopy","headline":"A simple, safe technique for placement of the veress needle and trocar in laparoscopy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-simple-safe-technique-for-placement-of-the-veress-needle-and-trocar-in-laparos-reclucewwm2b82bol/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1992-08-01","abstract":"A simple technique of placing two Kocher clamps on the anterior rectus fascia for the elevation of the anterior abdominal wall during the insertion of the veress needle and the laparoscopic trocar is described in 243 consecutive patients. There were no failed insufflations during this study and no cases of preperitoneal emphysema. The technique is simple to use and adds safety to a basically blind procedure.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Laparoendoscopic Surgery"}}},"pageStart":"189","pageEnd":"192","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1089/lps.1992.2.189","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67547667"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1089/lps.1992.2.189"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1388074"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q67547667"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/significance-of-peritoneal-macrophages-on-fertility-in-mice-recng6hij4nkjqn9w/","name":"Significance of peritoneal macrophages on fertility in mice","headline":"Significance of peritoneal macrophages on fertility in mice","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/significance-of-peritoneal-macrophages-on-fertility-in-mice-recng6hij4nkjqn9w/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M Kawabata"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Ogita","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Osaka City University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02skfsw40"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Uda"},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Umesaki","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Osaka City University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02skfsw40"}}],"datePublished":"1992-07-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the role of peritoneal macrophages in infertility, we investigated how the presence of peritoneal macrophages would affect fecundity in mice. Moreover, we also studied the effects of interleukin-1 on embryonic development.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: Mice were administered OK-432 intraperitoneally to induce macrophage infiltration of the peritoneal cavity; ovulation was then induced and animals were mated. On day 13 of gestation, fetuses were counted. After injection of OK-432 or interleukin-1, the mice were mated. Three days later, embryos were collected and the stage of embryo development was determined.\n\nRESULTS: In mice given OK-432 (n = 33), four (12%) became pregnant and the mean litter number was 6.0 +/- 3.6, whereas in the control group 23 of 30 mice (77%; p < 0.01) became pregnant and the litter number was 14.1 +/- 5.3 (p < 0.01). OK-432 and interleukin-1 administered intraperitoneally significantly suppressed embryo development (p < 0.01).\n\nCONCLUSION: Increased numbers of peritoneal macrophages negatively affect fecundity, probably by suppressing embryonic development.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"167","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"261","pageEnd":"264","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9378(11)91671-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45203411"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0002-9378(11)91671-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1442939"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q45203411"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-cytokine-levels-and-embryo-toxicity-in-peritoneal-fluid-in-inferti-recxqcysopegkbaad/","name":"Comparison of cytokine levels and embryo toxicity in peritoneal fluid in infertile women with untreated or treated endometriosis","headline":"Comparison of cytokine levels and embryo toxicity in peritoneal fluid in infertile women with untreated or treated endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-cytokine-levels-and-embryo-toxicity-in-peritoneal-fluid-in-inferti-recxqcysopegkbaad/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Tong-Ming Kuo"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Mizuno"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y Taketani","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6424-3579","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Tokyo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96"}}],"datePublished":"1992-07-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to examine the relationship between the levels of cytokines in peritoneal fluid and its embryo toxicity.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: The levels of interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor were measured in peritoneal fluid from infertile women who did not have endometriosis (n = 21), who had untreated endometriosis (n = 19), and who had undergone medical treatment for endometriosis (n = 10). Embryo toxicity was investigated in mouse two-cell embryos cocultured with the oviducts in culture media that contained various concentrations of peritoneal fluid.\n\nRESULTS: The levels of cytokines were significantly higher in the peritoneal fluid from women who had untreated endometriosis than in women who did not have endometriosis, but they were extremely low in women who had undergone medical treatment with either danazol or buserelin. The peritoneal fluid from women who had untreated endometriosis adversely affected the cleavage of mouse two-cell embryos. After medical treatment the embryo toxicity of the peritoneal fluid was almost undetectable.\n\nCONCLUSION: These results offer some theoretic bases in support of medical treatment to improve reproductive performance in infertile women who have endometriosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"167","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"265","pageEnd":"270","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9378(11)91672-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67586424"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0002-9378(11)91672-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1442940"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q67586424"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/early-pregnancy-wastage-the-role-of-repetitive-human-chorionic-gonadotropin-supp-recqqtfbvdncnovjy/","name":"Early pregnancy wastage: the role of repetitive human chorionic gonadotropin supplementation during the first 8 weeks of gestation","headline":"Early pregnancy wastage: the role of repetitive human chorionic gonadotropin supplementation during the first 8 weeks of gestation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/early-pregnancy-wastage-the-role-of-repetitive-human-chorionic-gonadotropin-supp-recqqtfbvdncnovjy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Z Blumenfeld","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3929-7940","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Technion – Israel Institute of Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03qryx823"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Ruach","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Technion – Israel Institute of Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03qryx823"}}],"datePublished":"1992-07-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine if repetitive administration of hCG causes decreased pregnancy wastage rates in patients who are at a high risk of luteal inadequacy.\n\nDESIGN: Ovulation induction using human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG)/human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) or clomiphene citrate (CC) is associated with luteal phase defects that may cause increased pregnancy wastage. An increased risk of abortion exists also in pregnancies in patients with previous repeated miscarriage, women older than 37 years, and various causes of infertility such as hyperprolactinemia. Because the presumed common denominator to the increased rate of pregnancy wastage in all these cases is luteal dysfunction, repetitive hCG administration, 2,500 U two times weekly, was carried out between the 4th and 8th week of gestation in 249 cases of ovulation induction and/or previous abortions, whereas 198 gestations served as controls (no hCG administration).\n\nRESULTS: In the hCG treatment group, 43 ended in miscarriage (17.3%) versus 97 abortions in the control group (49%, P less than 0.01). In 160 cases of hMG/hCG generated gestations, 94 received hCG and 66 did not. The pregnancy wastage rates were 21.3% and 42.4%, respectively (P less than 0.05). In 144 cases of CC/hCG-induced pregnancies, 95 received hCG and 49 served as controls. The respective abortion rates were 15.8% and 44.8% (P less than 0.01). The remaining 143 spontaneous conceptions occurred in infertile patients with previous repeated abortions. In 60 of these conceptions, hCG was administered during the first 4 weeks of gestation and 83 cases served as control. The pregnancy wastage rates were 13.3% versus 56.6%, respectively (P less than 0.001).\n\nCONCLUSION: Repetitive administration of hCG during the early gestation in cases that are at high risk of luteal inadequacy may significantly decrease the pregnancy wastage rate.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"58","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"19","pageEnd":"23","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)55130-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68194560"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)55130-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1624004"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68194560"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dose-response-coasting-and-differential-fiber-vulnerability-in-human-toxic-neuro-recmrcrtmru77t2lu/","name":"Dose response, coasting, and differential fiber vulnerability in human toxic neuropathy: a prospective study of pyridoxine neurotoxicity","headline":"Dose response, coasting, and differential fiber vulnerability in human toxic neuropathy: a prospective study of pyridoxine neurotoxicity","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dose-response-coasting-and-differential-fiber-vulnerability-in-human-toxic-neuro-recmrcrtmru77t2lu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A. Berger"},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Schaumburg"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stuart C. Apfel","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yeshiva University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045x93337"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H. Reynolds","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Departments of Neurology (Drs. Berger, Schaumburg, and Apfel) and Neuroscience (Dr. Schroeder), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, and the US Department of Agriculture (Dr. Reynolds), ..."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Reynolds","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2800-7477","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Arizona"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Schroeder","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9793-631X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Departments of Neurology (Drs. Berger, Schaumburg, and Apfel) and Neuroscience (Dr. Schroeder), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, and the US Department of Agriculture (Dr. Reynolds), ..."}}],"datePublished":"1992-07-01","abstract":"We administered either 1 or 3 g/d of pyridoxine (vitamin B6) to five healthy volunteers and repeatedly followed serum pyridoxal phosphate levels, clinical symptoms and signs, quantitative sensory thresholds (QSTs), and sural nerve electrophysiology. Pyridoxine was discontinued at the first sign of either clinical or laboratory abnormality. In all subjects, sensory symptoms and QST abnormalities occurred concurrently. Subjects receiving higher doses became symptomatic earlier than low-dose subjects. Elevation of thermal QSTs preceded or exceeded that for vibration in the three low-dose subjects; vibration and thermal QST became abnormal simultaneously in the higher-dose subjects. A reduction in the amplitude of the sural sensory potential lagged behind QST changes in two of three subjects. Symptoms continued to progress (\"coasting\") for 2 to 3 weeks despite stopping pyridoxine administration and the return of serum pyridoxal phosphate levels to normal. This study suggests that (1) there is a clear dose-percent relationship for pyridoxine-induced neuropathy, (2) QST is a sensitive measurement for detecting early peripheral neuropathy; QST abnormalities may precede changes in nerve conduction studies, (3) coasting appears unrelated to persistently elevated blood levels of the toxin, and (4) a dose-dependent vulnerability may exist among nerve fibers of different caliber when exposed to an axonal toxin, such as pyridoxine.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"42","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Neurology"}}},"pageStart":"1367","pageEnd":"1370","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.42.7.1367","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68187587"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1212/wnl.42.7.1367"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1620347"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68187587"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pelvic-inflammatory-disease-and-fertility-a-cohort-study-of-1844-women-with-lapa-recsxm7pql1xs5asn/","name":"Pelvic inflammatory disease and fertility. A cohort study of 1,844 women with laparoscopically verified disease and 657 control women with normal laparoscopic results","headline":"Pelvic inflammatory disease and fertility. A cohort study of 1,844 women with laparoscopically verified disease and 657 control women with normal laparoscopic results","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pelvic-inflammatory-disease-and-fertility-a-cohort-study-of-1844-women-with-lapa-recsxm7pql1xs5asn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Weström L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joesoef R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hagdu A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thompson SE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Reynolds G","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2152-7583","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"G Andrew Communications"}}],"datePublished":"1992-07-01","abstract":"From 1960 10 1984, 2,501 women underwent diagnostic laparoscopy (index laparoscopy) because of a clinical suspicion of acute pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Of these women, 1,844 had abnormal laparoscopic findings (patients) and 657 had normal findings (control subjects). The reproductive events after index laparoscopy of 1,732 patients and 601 control subjects were followed. The patients and control subjects were followed for a total of 13,400 and 3,958 woman-years, respectively. During the follow-up period, 1,309 (75.6%) of the patients and 451 (75.0%) of the control subjects attempted to conceive. Of these women, 209 (16.0%) of the patients and 12 (2.7%) of the control subjects failed to conceive. A total of 141 (10.8%) of the patients and 0 (0%) of the control subjects had confirmed tubal factor infertility, 21 (1.6%) of the patients and 3 (0.7%) control subjects had other causes of infertility, and 47 (3.6%) patients and 9 (2.0%) control subjects did not have a complete infertility evaluation. Additional information on tubal morphology (hysterosalpingography, laparoscopy, or laparotomy) in women from couples for whom evaluation was incomplete indicated that 165 (12.2%) patients and 4 (0.9%) of the control subjects had abnormal tubal function or morphology after index laparoscopy. Tubal factor infertility after PID was associated with number and severity of PID episodes. The ectopic pregnancy rate for first pregnancy after index laparoscopy was 9.1% among the patients and 1.4% among control subjects.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Sexually Transmitted Diseases"}}},"pageStart":"185","pageEnd":"192","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33971433","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1411832"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33971433"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assessment-of-the-empty-follicle-syndrome-by-transvaginal-sonography-reck0duayw1jrs57x/","name":"Assessment of the empty follicle syndrome by transvaginal sonography","headline":"Assessment of the empty follicle syndrome by transvaginal sonography","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assessment-of-the-empty-follicle-syndrome-by-transvaginal-sonography-reck0duayw1jrs57x/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarah Keck","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Creighton University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05wf30g94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aleš Dvořák","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute for Human Reproduction","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C R Kimball","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Creighton University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05wf30g94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D F Tamisiea","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute for Human Reproduction","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P J Yaksich","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute for Human Reproduction","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1992-07-01","abstract":"The empty follicle syndrome was assessed using transvaginal ultrasonography in a group of 152 consecutive women with unmedicated menstrual cycles being studied because of primary or secondary infertility or repetitive miscarriage. The overall frequency of the empty follicle syndrome was found to be 43.4%. The frequency increased with age but was independent of gravidity. The empty follicle syndrome may be a significant etiologic factor in infertility or other reproductive abnormalities, and transvaginal ultrasound represents a good, non-invasive means of evaluating it.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine : Official Journal of the American Institute of  Ultrasound in Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"313","pageEnd":"316","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.7863/jum.1992.11.7.313","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44194833"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.7863/jum.1992.11.7.313"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1522617"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44194833"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/myomectomy-for-fertility-enhancement-and-preservation-recoch84wsdle6ucr/","name":"Myomectomy for fertility enhancement and preservation","headline":"Myomectomy for fertility enhancement and preservation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/myomectomy-for-fertility-enhancement-and-preservation-recoch84wsdle6ucr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Edward E. Wallach"},{"@type":"Person","name":"B S Verkauf","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of South Florida","sameAs":"https://ror.org/032db5x82"}}],"datePublished":"1992-07-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To review, evaluate, and synthesize current published reports assessing the value of abdominal myomectomy in infertile women and those desiring to preserve fertility potential.\n\nDATA IDENTIFICATION: Major studies dealing with myomectomy were identified through Medline Searches.\n\nSTUDY SELECTION: Those papers reporting the results of myomectomy, factors influencing them, and potential future innovations were obtained.\n\nRESULTS: More than half of women not previously pregnant and undergoing myomectomy to preserve childbearing capacity for treatment of recurrent pregnancy wastage or previous infertility conceive. The long duration of infertility before surgery, absence of other factors to explain their not conceiving, and short time interval subsequent to surgery in which conception occurs suggests myomectomy has value in treatment of patients with leiomyomata and otherwise unexplained infertility. The operation carries acceptable risk. Approximately 25% of women undergoing myomectomy have recurrent leiomyomata, but most recurrences are sufficiently delayed to allow adequate opportunity for conception.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Abdominal myomectomy is an appropriate alternative to hysterectomy for most women who wish to preserve childbearing potential or enhance it. For the future, myomectomy by endoscopic techniques may hold similar potential.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"58","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1","pageEnd":"15","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)55128-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36292858"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)55128-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1623990"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36292858"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptive-use-and-the-risk-of-inflammatory-bowel-disease-reckyxd2zi2bvmuws/","name":"Oral contraceptive use and the risk of inflammatory bowel disease","headline":"Oral contraceptive use and the risk of inflammatory bowel disease","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptive-use-and-the-risk-of-inflammatory-bowel-disease-reckyxd2zi2bvmuws/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R S Sandler","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1323-6245","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C M Lyles","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4203-0414"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J I Wurzelmann"}],"datePublished":"1992-07-01","abstract":"We used rosters of the Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America to identify potential cases and peer-nominated controls to explore the reported association between oral contraceptives and inflammatory bowel disease. Overall, women who used oral contraceptives were at increased risk of developing Crohn's disease (odds ratio = 1.49, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.99-2.26). The findings persisted after adjustment for age at symptom onset, decade of onset, education, marital status, and location of disease. There was an interaction with cigarette smoking; the risk associated with oral contraceptives was elevated in current smokers (odds ratio = 2.64, 95% CI = 1.22-5.75), but not in former smokers or never-smokers. The risk was not elevated for ulcerative colitis (odds ratio = 1.10, 95% CI = 0.65-1.85).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)"}}},"pageStart":"374","pageEnd":"378","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/00001648-199207000-00014","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68222262"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/00001648-199207000-00014"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1637902"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68222262"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteal-function-in-infertile-patients-with-endometriosis-recvr6sovvoh92li2/","name":"Luteal function in infertile patients with endometriosis","headline":"Luteal function in infertile patients with endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteal-function-in-infertile-patients-with-endometriosis-recvr6sovvoh92li2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"K Kusuhara","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3641-8746","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jikei University School of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/039ygjf22"}}],"datePublished":"1992-07-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to determine whether infertile patients who have endometriosis show luteal phase defects.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: The luteal function in 24 infertile patients who had endometriosis was compared with the luteal function in 20 patients who had unexplained infertility and did not have endometriosis (control). In both groups serum luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, progesterone, and estradiol were assayed every day throughout the menstrual cycle. Endometrial biopsy specimens were obtained from eight patients of the endometriosis group for histologic dating of the endometrium.\n\nRESULTS: No significant differences in progesterone levels were observed between these two groups during the mid and late luteal phase. Seven of the eight patients who underwent histologic dating showed a luteal phase pattern, whereas only one patient was out of phase.\n\nCONCLUSION: Infertile patients who have endometriosis do not always have luteal phase defects.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"167","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"274","pageEnd":"277","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9378(11)91674-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43702480"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0002-9378(11)91674-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1442942"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43702480"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oestriol-in-the-prophylactic-treatment-of-recurrent-urinary-tract-infections-in--recdpwdsz0qcgvg0w/","name":"Oestriol in the prophylactic treatment of recurrent urinary tract infections in postmenopausal women","headline":"Oestriol in the prophylactic treatment of recurrent urinary tract infections in postmenopausal women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oestriol-in-the-prophylactic-treatment-of-recurrent-urinary-tract-infections-in--recdpwdsz0qcgvg0w/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E Gjersøe"},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Andersen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3539-4284","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tufts University"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Bodd","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oslo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01z6y6z64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G R Johannessen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oslo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01z6y6z64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Johnsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8001-6888","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Norwegian Institute of Public Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/046nvst19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A L Kirkengen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Norges Røde Kors","sameAs":"https://ror.org/000sq7c21"}}],"datePublished":"1992-06-01","abstract":"A block randomized, double-blind, group-comparative, placebo-controlled study was conducted to assess the effect of oestriol on recurrent urinary tract infections in postmenopausal women. 40 women, median age 78 years (66-91), 20 in each group, were treated with oestriol three mg p.o. per day or corresponding placebo for four weeks, followed by one mg per day for eight weeks. The main response parameter was the number of urinary tract infections per week in the two treatment periods. Both oestriol and placebo reduced the number of infections per week significantly in both periods, compared with the pretreatment period. There was no difference between oestriol and placebo treatment in the first period. In the second period, however, oestriol treatment was significantly more effective than placebo (p = 0.05). Correspondingly, there was a significant difference between the two groups in the vaginal pH at the end of the study (p less than 0.05). We conclude that oestriol reduces recurrent urinary tract infections in postmenopausal women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care"}}},"pageStart":"139","pageEnd":"142","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3109/02813439209014051","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46519405"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3109/02813439209014051"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1641524"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46519405"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone-caproateoestradiol-valerate-on-the-de-receibvoyun9gz2mj/","name":"The effect of 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate/oestradiol valerate on the development and outcome of early pregnancies following in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer: a prospective and randomized controlled trial","headline":"The effect of 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate/oestradiol valerate on the development and outcome of early pregnancies following in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer: a prospective and randomized controlled trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone-caproateoestradiol-valerate-on-the-de-receibvoyun9gz2mj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"H H van der Ven"},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Diedrich","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5787-7351","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Lübeck","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t3r8h32"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Krebs","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bonn","sameAs":"https://ror.org/041nas322"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Luckhaus","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bonn","sameAs":"https://ror.org/041nas322"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Prietl","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bonn","sameAs":"https://ror.org/041nas322"}}],"datePublished":"1992-06-01","abstract":"A prospective and randomized study was performed to investigate the effect of supportive hormones on the development and outcome of early pregnancies following in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. Immediately after pregnancies were confirmed endocrinologically on day 15 after oocyte collection, 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate and oestradiol valerate (PC/EV) was administered to half of the patients in a randomly controlled trial. One group received supportive treatment until the twelfth week of gestation, whereas the other group received no treatment at all. Both groups were followed up by measurements of serum levels of human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG), oestradiol and progesterone every three days until day 35, when a first ultrasound examination was carried out to confirm fetal vitality. Subsequently, pregnancies were monitored sonographically at regular intervals. In cases of miscarriage, dilatation and curettage was performed and histology analysed. A total of 120 pregnant patients entered the study: 55 of them received hormone treatment and 65 patients were controls. Within the treatment group 48 (89%) clinically ongoing pregnancies were observed, five (9%) miscarriages occurred after the seventh week of gestation and one preclinical pregnancy was noted. In the control group, 38 (59%) ongoing pregnancies were observed, nine (14%) miscarriages occurred and 17 (27%) preclinical pregnancies were recorded. Two ectopic pregnancies, one in each group, were excluded from evaluation. A significantly higher percentage of pregnancies were intact at 7 weeks of gestation after treatment with PC/EV (p less than or equal to 0.01).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"7 Suppl 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"suppl 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1","pageEnd":"5","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/7.suppl_1.1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50792569"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/humrep/7.suppl_1.1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1332985"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50792569"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-recjza95lei1tdg2q/","name":"Natural family planning","headline":"Natural family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-recjza95lei1tdg2q/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E Odeblad","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sabbatsberg Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dkvrg87"}}],"datePublished":"1992-06-01","abstract":"Natural family planning (NFP) is based on the knowledge *largely nonexistent) of a women as to whether she is in her fertile period or not. In contrast to the calendar method, the Billings method consists of observing bodily functions, whereby women learn about the fertile and infertile period during the menstrual cycle. This method is very safe as long as the woman has been instructed thoroughly. The Pearl index (the number of pregnancies/100 woman years) can be 1. In a Swedish province, 7/1000 population used this method and had an abortion rate of .5/1000, a fact contradicting the allegation of mass abortion as a result of the method. Only well-trained NFP instructors can teach women, and at the University of Umea such training has been available for some years. The biological basis of the Billings method rests on the fact that every release of an egg is preceded by a ripening process of a follicle in the ovary. This follicle secretes increasing amounts of estrogen which stimulates the cervix to produce secretions for the sperm. Right before ovulation, the follicle reduces estrogen production and noradrenaline takes over, stimulating the peak-day secretion (P-secretion) for further selection of sperm. Ovulation usually occurs on the peak day, which is the day of maximum fertility and the last day of mucous symptoms. For 3 days after peak day until menstruation, the risk of becoming pregnant diminishes successively until it is as low as after sterilization. The instructor is trained to recognize and overcome certain factors that make it more difficult to identify the mucous symptoms, such as the previous use of oral contraceptives, certain illnesses, drugs, and life styles. NFP can also be used for attaining pregnancy by identifying the peak day; women with premenstrual syndrome can calculate when their symptoms start, and sportswomen can predict the time of their menstruation. NFP is fascinating when it is compared to other methods because of its human dimension, and there is still a great deal to be learned about it.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"105","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Jordemodern"}}},"pageStart":"214","pageEnd":"219","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pulsatile-lh-secretion-in-women-with-premenstrual-syndrome-pms-evidence-for-norm-rec5413oni244mahr/","name":"Pulsatile LH secretion in women with premenstrual syndrome (PMS): evidence for normal neuroregulation of the menstrual cycle","headline":"Pulsatile LH secretion in women with premenstrual syndrome (PMS): evidence for normal neuroregulation of the menstrual cycle","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pulsatile-lh-secretion-in-women-with-premenstrual-syndrome-pms-evidence-for-norm-rec5413oni244mahr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Nancy King Reame","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9880-395X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Michigan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John C. Marshall","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7902-6291","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Michigan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R P Kelch","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Michigan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J R Marshall","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8921-3253","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UCLA Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vq5kb54"}}],"datePublished":"1992-05-01","abstract":"The premenstrual syndrome (PMS) has been proposed to result from excessive exposure to and/or withdrawal of brain opioid activity during the luteal phase. Because hypothalamic opioids are believed to modulate GnRH secretion, in part under the influence of ovarian steroids, we performed longitudinal studies of gonadotropin and ovarian steroid secretion across ovulatory, symptomatic cycles of 17 PMS patients and 8 normal volunteers. Pulsatile LH secretion was measured every 10 min for 8 hr at times when central opioid activity was expected to be low (early follicular phase), high (mid-luteal phase; ML), and declining (late luteal phase). In both subject groups, a cycle-phase effect was observed for LH pulse frequency (p = < 0.001) and amplitude (p = 0.002), and for the transverse mean concentrations of LH (p = 0.05), FSH (p < = 0.001), estradiol (E2) (p = < 0.001) and progesterone (P) (p = < 0.001). ML P secretion in PMS patients was pulsatile, and mean concentrations (over 30-60 min) were similar to those of normal controls. The changes in pulsatile LH secretion across the cycle were not different in the PMS patients compared to the normal women, though mean FSH in the ML phase was higher in the PMS group (p = < 0.05). The similar changes in luteal LH pulse frequency fail to provide evidence that GnRH secretion is impaired, thus challenging the view that the neuroregulation of the menstrual cycle in women with PMS is markedly altered.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2-3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"205","pageEnd":"213","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4530(92)90059-g","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48489197"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0306-4530(92)90059-g"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1359599"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q48489197"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/serum-levels-of-androgens-are-higher-in-women-with-premenstrual-irritability-and-recvxbxiip8yexftg/","name":"Serum levels of androgens are higher in women with premenstrual irritability and dysphoria than in controls","headline":"Serum levels of androgens are higher in women with premenstrual irritability and dysphoria than in controls","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/serum-levels-of-androgens-are-higher-in-women-with-premenstrual-irritability-and-recvxbxiip8yexftg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E Eriksson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0743-0399","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Gothenburg","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01tm6cn81"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Lisjö"},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Andersch","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai East Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/038xmzj21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Modigh","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Gothenburg","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01tm6cn81"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Sundblad","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Gothenburg","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01tm6cn81"}}],"datePublished":"1992-05-01","abstract":"Serum levels of progesterone, total testosterone, free testosterone, androstenedione (A2), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS), 17-OH-progesterone (17-OHP), and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) were measured in the follicular phase, around ovulation, and in the luteal phase of 11 women with severe premenstrual irritability and dysphoria and in 11 age-matched controls with no premenstrual complaints. Serum levels of free testosterone were significantly higher in the subjects with premenstrual syndrome (PMS) than in the controls in the luteal phase (p < 0.01), the follicular phase (p < 0.05), and around ovulation (p < 0.01). DHEA levels were significantly higher in the PMS subjects, as compared to controls, around ovulation (p < 0.05), while 17-OHP levels were higher in the PMS women in the luteal phase (p < 0.05). With respect to the other steroids measured, as well as SHBG, no differences between PMS subjects and controls were found. These results indicate a possible involvement of androgens in the pathophysiology of premenstrual irritability and dysphoria.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2-3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"195","pageEnd":"204","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4530(92)90058-f","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45200244"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0306-4530(92)90058-f"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1438645"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q45200244"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-review-of-premature-birth-and-subclinical-infection-recdr1ak8kilmh0wg/","name":"A review of premature birth and subclinical infection","headline":"A review of premature birth and subclinical infection","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-review-of-premature-birth-and-subclinical-infection-recdr1ak8kilmh0wg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R S Gibbs","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Colorado Denver","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02hh7en24"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roberto Romero","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4448-5121","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S L Hillier","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D A Eschenbach","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R L Sweet","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Denver School of Nursing","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043j8fa20"}}],"datePublished":"1992-05-01","abstract":"Premature birth causes high rates of neonatal morbidity and mortality. There are multiple causes of preterm birth. This article reviews the evidence linking subclinical infection and premature birth. Although maternal genital tract colonization with specific organisms has been inconsistently associated with preterm birth and/or premature rupture of membranes, some infections have been consistently associated with preterm delivery. The association of histologic chorioamnionitis with prematurity is a consistent finding, but the mechanisms require further study. The relationship between histologic chorioamnionitis infection and the chorioamnionitis of prematurity requires additional research. A varying number of patients in \"idiopathic\" preterm labor have positive amniotic fluid cultures (0% to 30%), but it is not clear whether infection preceded labor or occurred as a result of labor. Evidence of subclinical infection as a cause of preterm labor is raised by finding elevated maternal serum C-reactive protein and abnormal amniotic fluid organic acid levels in some patients in preterm labor. Biochemical mechanisms for preterm labor in the setting of infection are suggested by both in vitro and in vivo studies of prostaglandins and their metabolites, endotoxin and cytokines. Some, but by no means all, antibiotic trials conducted to date have reported decreases in prematurity. These results support the hypothesis that premature birth results in part from infection caused by genital tract bacteria. In the next few years, research efforts must be prioritized to determine the role of infection and the appropriate prevention of this cause of prematurity.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"166","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1515","pageEnd":"1528","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(92)91628-n","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36164094"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(92)91628-n"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1595807"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36164094"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pain-symptoms-associated-with-endometriosis-rectaltzdrjypmgeh/","name":"Pain symptoms associated with endometriosis","headline":"Pain symptoms associated with endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pain-symptoms-associated-with-endometriosis-rectaltzdrjypmgeh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bocciolone L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Di Nola G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Bianchi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9899-3439","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Milan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wjc7c48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Luigi Fedele","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6297-7165","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016zn0y21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Parazzini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5624-4854","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05aspc753"}}],"datePublished":"1992-05-01","abstract":"We evaluated the prevalence and severity of dysmenorrhea, pelvic pain, and deep dyspareunia and their relation to disease stage and site in 124 infertile women with endometriosis and 67 infertile women with normal findings. Seventy-eight endometriosis patients had stages I-II disease and 46 had stages III-IV. The frequency of dysmenorrhea was similar in patients and controls; pelvic pain was more frequent only in patients with stages III-IV, whereas deep dyspareunia was more prevalent regardless of disease stage. Dysmenorrhea was significantly more severe in stages III-IV patients than in either stages I-II patients or controls. Pelvic pain was more severe in stages III-IV, but we observed a statistically significant difference only in comparison with stages I-II. An association of two or more pain symptoms was more frequent in women with endometriosis than in those with normal pelves (relative risk = 3.1, 95% confidence interval 1.52-6.46). Ovarian endometriomas were the only lesions significantly associated with severe dysmenorrhea and pelvic pain. We conclude that endometriosis in infertile women causes pelvic pain, the severity of which is related to the extent of the disease.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"79","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5 ( Pt 1)","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"767","pageEnd":"769","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/length-and-variation-in-the-menstrual-cycle-a-crosssectional-study-from-a-danish-xp2ewxxf/","name":"Length and variation in the menstrual cycle - a cross-sectional study from a Danish county","headline":"Length and variation in the menstrual cycle - a cross-sectional study from a Danish county","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/length-and-variation-in-the-menstrual-cycle-a-crosssectional-study-from-a-danish-xp2ewxxf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Munster K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lone Schmidt","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0372-9388","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Copenhagen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035b05819"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Helm P"}],"datePublished":"1992-05-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To investigate the current epidemiology of menstrual patterns among women of fertile age. DESIGN: Cross-sectional postal questionnaire study. SETTING: County of Copenhagen, Denmark. SUBJECTS: 3743 women, aged 15-44, selected at random from a Danish county, who were asked to provide information on menstrual pattern during the preceding year, 1981. The response rate was 78%. Information from non-responders was obtained via telephone interviews. RESULTS: In women with regular menstrual cycles, the 5th-95th centile range of usual cycle length decreased from 23-35 days in the 15-19 years age group to 23-30 days in the 40-44 years age group. Only 0.5% of regular menstruating women had a usual cycle length of less than 21 days and 0.9% had a usual cycle length of greater than 35 days. At least one cycle length of less than 21 days was experienced by 18.6%, whereas 29.5% had at least one cycle of greater than 35 days. Menstrual cycle variation of greater than 14 days was present in 29.3% of all women. Cycle length variation of greater than 14 days was 2.7 times more frequent in women from lower social groups (controlled by age). CONCLUSION: The study confirmed the normally used definitions of polymenorrhoea (cycle length less than 21 days) and oligomenorrhoea (cycle length between 36 and 90 days), as these very short or long menstrual cycle lengths were very seldom recorded for a longer period. However, the high frequency in a normal population of large menstrual cycle length variation challenges the view that an intra-individual variation of greater than 5 days should be regarded as a sign of disease in the woman.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1992.tb13762.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50544519"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1471-0528.1992.tb13762.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1622917"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50544519"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-infertility-and-spontaneous-abortion-recnzub3upqvr6dyv/","name":"Association between infertility and spontaneous abortion","headline":"Association between infertility and spontaneous abortion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-between-infertility-and-spontaneous-abortion-recnzub3upqvr6dyv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C B Coulam","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5920-791X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Houston Methodist","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027zt9171"}}],"datePublished":"1992-04-01","abstract":"Women experiencing recurrent spontaneous abortion have a higher frequency of infertility than that expected in the general population. To further define the relationships between infertility and spontaneous abortion, the obstetrical histories of 43 women with unexplained secondary infertility were evaluated for the frequency of spontaneous abortion. Of the 88 pregnancies studied, 39 (44%) resulted in spontaneous abortion. Women with unexplained secondary infertility experienced a three-fold increase (P less than 0.0001) in the frequency of spontaneous abortions and half the number of live births (P less than 0.0001) compared with the general population. We conclude that the association between infertility and spontaneous abortion includes a higher frequency of spontaneous abortion among infertile couples as well as a higher prevalence of infertility among recurrent spontaneous aborters compared with the general population.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"27","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3-4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989)"}}},"pageStart":"128","pageEnd":"129","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0897.1992.tb00739.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67569467"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1600-0897.1992.tb00739.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1418404"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q67569467"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-the-peritoneal-cells-elicited-by-oxidized-regenerated-cellulose-in-recdiu6nhpbp7s59u/","name":"Comparison of the peritoneal cells elicited by oxidized regenerated cellulose (Interceed) and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (Gore-Tex Surgical Membrane) in a murine model","headline":"Comparison of the peritoneal cells elicited by oxidized regenerated cellulose (Interceed) and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (Gore-Tex Surgical Membrane) in a murine model","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-the-peritoneal-cells-elicited-by-oxidized-regenerated-cellulose-in-recdiu6nhpbp7s59u/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A F Haney","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Doty","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5645-8246","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Durham Technical Community College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03fm7wh60"}}],"datePublished":"1992-04-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: The peritoneal fluid cell responses to the available barriers used to prevent postoperative adhesions, oxidized regenerated cellulose (interceed) and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (Gore-Tex Surgical Membrane), were compared.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: Oxidized regenerated cellulose and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene were inserted into the peritoneal cavity of mice and the peritoneal fluid cell number, differential cell count, morphologic type, adherence to plastic, and phorbol-12,13-myristate acetate-stimulated hydrogen peroxide production evaluated. Peritoneal fluid cell attachment to oxidized regenerated cellulose and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene was evaluated by electron microscopy.\n\nRESULTS: Oxidized regenerated cellulose promptly elicited increased numbers of large, morphologically activated peritoneal fluid macrophages that adhered more rapidly and produced more hydrogen peroxide than controls. Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene gradually increased the number of normal-appearing peritoneal fluid macrophages with increased hydrogen peroxide production but normal adherence. Macrophages rapidly attached to both materials in vivo, with oxidized regenerated cellulose being rapidly degraded.\n\nCONCLUSION: Oxidized regenerated cellulose, to a greater extent than expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, elicits an acute peritoneal fluid inflammatory exudate in the mouse, which may contribute to the oxidized regenerated cellulose-induced peritoneal injury and de novo adhesions observed in this model.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"166","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1137","pageEnd":"1149","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9378(11)90600-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45224635"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0002-9378(11)90600-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1566766"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q45224635"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/outcome-of-twin-triplet-and-quadruplet-in-vitro-fertilization-pregnancies-the-no-recfypys9e5yosnwd/","name":"Outcome of twin, triplet, and quadruplet in vitro fertilization pregnancies: the Norfolk experience","headline":"Outcome of twin, triplet, and quadruplet in vitro fertilization pregnancies: the Norfolk experience","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/outcome-of-twin-triplet-and-quadruplet-in-vitro-fertilization-pregnancies-the-no-recfypys9e5yosnwd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Seoud MA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Toner JP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kruithoff C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Muasher SJ"}],"datePublished":"1992-04-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To review the maternal morbidity and neonatal morbidity and mortality associated with in vitro fertilization (IVF) multiple pregnancies.\n\nDESIGN: Retrospective analysis of data collected from office and hospital records and from questionnaires sent to patients, their obstetricians, and pediatricians.\n\nSETTING: Patients (all with private insurance carriers) enrolled in an academic IVF program (The Jones Institute for Reproductive Medicine).\n\nPATIENTS,\n\nPARTICIPANTS: All IVF pregnancies resulting in one or more gestational sacs on the initial ultrasound at 6 to 7 weeks were reviewed.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The frequency and severity of obstetrical and neonatal complications and the perinatal mortality of IVF twins, triplets, and quadruplets were compared. These were also compared with non-IVF multiple pregnancies.\n\nRESULTS: From 1982 to 1990, 629 IVF pregnancies progressed beyond 20 weeks; 115 twins (18.3%), 15 triplets (2.4%), and 4 quadruplets (0.6%). There was a high incidence of antenatal complications such as abortions (30.3%, 42%, and 20%), premature labor (41.5%, 92.3%, and 75%), pregnancy-induced hypertension (17.0%, 38.6%, and 50%), and gestational diabetes mellitus (3.1%, 38.5%, and 25%) for twins, triplets, and quadruplets, respectively. The mean gestational age at delivery was 35.5 +/- 3.7, 31.8 +/- 2.7, and 31.0 +/- 1.7 weeks, respectively. There was also a proportionate progressive increase in neonatal complications. The mean weights were 2,473 +/- 745, 1,666 +/- 441 and 1,414 +/- 368 g, respectively. Twins (22.7%), 64.1% of triplets, and 75% of quadruplets needed admission to the neonatal intensive care unit and remained for an average of 12.0 +/- 2.3, 17.4 +/- 14.0, and 57.8 +/- 17.9 days, respectively. There was no difference in the mean Apgar scores or the incidence of congenital malformations in the three groups. The corrected perinatal mortality rates were 38.5, 0.0, and 0.0 per thousand live births, respectively.\n\nCONCLUSION: Triplet and quadruplet IVF pregnancies have increased obstetrical and neonatal complications compared with IVF twins. The perinatal mortality and the incidence of congenital malformations are, however, comparable in all three groups.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"57","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"825","pageEnd":"834","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prophylaxis-of-pelvic-sidewall-adhesions-with-gore-tex-surgical-membrane-a-multi-recl9rx1yvhk51pan/","name":"Prophylaxis of pelvic sidewall adhesions with Gore-Tex surgical membrane: a multicenter clinical investigation. The Surgical Membrane Study Group","headline":"Prophylaxis of pelvic sidewall adhesions with Gore-Tex surgical membrane: a multicenter clinical investigation. The Surgical Membrane Study Group","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prophylaxis-of-pelvic-sidewall-adhesions-with-gore-tex-surgical-membrane-a-multi-recl9rx1yvhk51pan/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Surgical Membrane Study Group"}],"datePublished":"1992-04-01","abstract":"Eight patients with extensive adhesions and 10 undergoing myomectomy had Gore-Tex surgical membranes placed to prevent adhesion formation/reformation. At the time of second-look laparoscopy, the membranes were removed easily, and the extent of adhesion was minimal. Further studies are ongoing to validate these findings and to compare the Gore-Tex surgical membrane with antiadhesion agents.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"57","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"921","pageEnd":"923","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/inhibin-and-activin-in-reproductive-biology-reck6t1qwplzdyy6j/","name":"Inhibin and activin in reproductive biology","headline":"Inhibin and activin in reproductive biology","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/inhibin-and-activin-in-reproductive-biology-reck6t1qwplzdyy6j/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R B Dye","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R B Jaffe","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Rabinovici","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}}],"datePublished":"1992-03-01","abstract":"It has become apparent in recent years that regulation of the ovulatory cycle cannot be accomplished solely through the mediation of the two pituitary gonadotropins, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). Within the last decade, discoveries of additional regulatory mechanisms involved in the neuroendocrine control of the events of the ovulatory cycle have provided new insight into the control of this complex biological phenomenon (127). Among the most interesting of these discoveries are …","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"47","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey"}}},"pageStart":"173","pageEnd":"185","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/00006254-199203000-00014","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36781031"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/00006254-199203000-00014"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1741100"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36781031"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preterm-delivery-low-birthweight-and-small-for-gestational-age-in-liveborn-singl-recbc5ns6z8nmur8k/","name":"Preterm delivery, low birthweight and small-for-gestational-age in liveborn singleton babies resulting from in-vitro fertilization","headline":"Preterm delivery, low birthweight and small-for-gestational-age in liveborn singleton babies resulting from in-vitro fertilization","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preterm-delivery-low-birthweight-and-small-for-gestational-age-in-liveborn-singl-recbc5ns6z8nmur8k/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"P Doyle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1386-3780","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00a0jsq62"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Valerie Beral","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3581-9361"},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Maconochie"}],"datePublished":"1992-03-01","abstract":"The Medical Research Council In-Vitro Fertilization (IVF) Register report on births resulting from assisted conception in Great Britain demonstrated a high incidence of preterm and low birthweight babies. This incidence remained high even when the analysis was restricted to singleton babies. The present paper investigates possible risk factors for prematurity, low birthweight and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) in singleton IVF births. Thirteen per cent of singleton IVF babies were preterm, 11% low birthweight and 17% small-for-gestational-age. Analysis by multiple regression indicated that hypertension during pregnancy was an independent risk for preterm delivery, low birthweight and SGA, bleeding during pregnancy for preterm delivery, and the number of embryos transferred and the type of infertility for low birthweight.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"425","pageEnd":"428","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a137663","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38977654"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a137663"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1587953"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38977654"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/women-with-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-wedge-resected-in-1956-to-1965-a-long-term--rechefhwrego8w9tt/","name":"Women with polycystic ovary syndrome wedge resected in 1956 to 1965: a long-term follow-up focusing on natural history and circulating hormones","headline":"Women with polycystic ovary syndrome wedge resected in 1956 to 1965: a long-term follow-up focusing on natural history and circulating hormones","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/women-with-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-wedge-resected-in-1956-to-1965-a-long-term--rechefhwrego8w9tt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lars-Åke Mattson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sahlgrenska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vgqjj36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Per‐Arne Lundberg","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sahlgrenska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vgqjj36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Crona","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sahlgrenska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vgqjj36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Dahlgren","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sahlgrenska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vgqjj36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P O Janson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sahlgrenska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vgqjj36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Johansson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5031-804X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sahlgrenska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vgqjj36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Knutsson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sahlgrenska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vgqjj36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Lindstedt","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sahlgrenska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vgqjj36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Oden","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3510-0709","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sahlgrenska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vgqjj36"}}],"datePublished":"1992-03-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine if the hormonal imbalance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) continues into and after menopause and to analyze factors constituting an increased risk for developing metabolic disorders.\n\nDESIGN: The study was a transectional retrospective cohort follow-up of patients with PCOS.\n\nSETTING: The women with PCOS were recruited from hospital clinics, and referents were randomized from a population study of women.\n\nPARTICIPANTS: Thirty-three women ages 40 to 59 years with ovarian histopathology typical of PCOS at wedge resection 22 to 31 years previously; 132 age-matched referents were analyzed.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Clinical data were collected via a questionnaire supplemented with an interview in connection to a clinical examination that also included fasting venous sampling.\n\nRESULTS: Infertility, hirsutism, and oligomenorrhea were more common among the subjects with PCOS, but there was a considerable spontaneous restitution of cyclic regularity with time. Women with PCOS were more often hysterectomized and entered menopause later compared with referents. The hormone data show a typical profile for PCOS. Compared with referents women with PCOS showed marked increase in prevalence of central obesity, higher basal serum insulin concentrations, and a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus and hypertension.\n\nCONCLUSION: Perimenopausal women with PCOS have an increased morbidity in hypertension and diabetes mellitus that adds to the classic symptoms, such as anovulation, hirsutism, and infertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"57","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"505","pageEnd":"513","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)54892-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42468257"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)54892-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1740195"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q42468257"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diagnosis-of-cervical-change-in-pregnancy-by-means-of-transvaginal-ultrasonograp-recx7vttrkxqaiigh/","name":"Diagnosis of cervical change in pregnancy by means of transvaginal ultrasonography","headline":"Diagnosis of cervical change in pregnancy by means of transvaginal ultrasonography","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diagnosis-of-cervical-change-in-pregnancy-by-means-of-transvaginal-ultrasonograp-recx7vttrkxqaiigh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"James F. Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4221-9858"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M S Chatterjee","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5181-1108","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brainware University"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L B Curet"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G O Del Valle","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3532-7432"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G J Gilson"},{"@type":"Person","name":"L A Izquierdo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2284-7862","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad de Zaragoza"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G M Joffe","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of New Mexico","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05fs6jp91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Janet Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9448-8470","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"}}],"datePublished":"1992-03-01","abstract":"There are no absolute objective diagnostic criteria for cervical incompetence. Abdominal and endovaginal ultrasonographic assessment of endocervical length, both of which have been associated with technical problems, have been used to establish the diagnosis. Cervical cerclage may be useful in preventing silent cervical dilatation; however, no prospective trials with and without cerclage have been performed when endocervical shortening has been demonstrated by ultrasonography.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"166","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"896","pageEnd":"900","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(92)91358-h","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42144015"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(92)91358-h"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1550160"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q42144015"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/low-dosage-micronized-17-beta-estradiol-prevents-bone-loss-in-postmenopausal-wom-rechrqljtua89s3k1/","name":"Low-dosage micronized 17 beta-estradiol prevents bone loss in postmenopausal women","headline":"Low-dosage micronized 17 beta-estradiol prevents bone loss in postmenopausal women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/low-dosage-micronized-17-beta-estradiol-prevents-bone-loss-in-postmenopausal-wom-rechrqljtua89s3k1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"B Ettinger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaiser Permanente","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t60zh31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H K Genant"},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Madvig","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaiser Permanente San Francisco Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fxsj090"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Steiger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hologic (Germany)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/007zn4n28"}}],"datePublished":"1992-02-01","abstract":"With the use of a double-blind, randomized, dose-ranging design, we tested during an 18-month period the degree of protection against postmenopausal bone loss afforded by micronized 17 beta-estradiol in dosages of 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg. All subjects received supplementation to ensure a minimum of 1500 mg calcium daily. Fifty-one subjects completed at least 1 year of follow-up bone density measurements by quantitative computed tomography and by single- and dual-photon absorptiometry. In the placebo group spinal trabecular bone density decreased 4.9% annually (p less than 0.001), whereas in those taking micronized 17 beta-estradiol bone density tended to increase (annual increases of 0.3% in the 0.5 mg micronized 17 beta-estradiol group, 1.8% in the 1.0 mg micronized 17 beta-estradiol group, and 2.5% in the 2.0 mg micronized 17 beta-estradiol group). After completing the double-blind phase, 41 subjects completed an additional 18 months of follow-up while taking 1.0 mg micronized 17 beta-estradiol. During this time one third of the subjects were randomly assigned to discontinue calcium supplements. Among those who previously received placebo, trabecular bone density increased 4.3% annually, whereas among those who had used micronized 17 beta-estradiol, trabecular bone density response was inversely related to the dosage previously used. Additionally and independently, the level of calcium intake showed a statistically significant correlation with the change in spinal trabecular bone density (r = 0.37, p = 0.02). We conclude that micronized 17 beta-estradiol has a continuous skeletal dose-response effect in the range of 0.5 to 2.0 mg and that calcium intake positively modifies the skeletal response to 1.0 mg micronized 17 beta-estradiol.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"166","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"479","pageEnd":"488","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(92)91653-r","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45956110"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(92)91653-r"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1536215"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q45956110"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gonadotropin-and-ovarian-hormone-dynamics-in-luteal-phase-defects-rectm6fovi0yilym4/","name":"Gonadotropin and ovarian hormone dynamics in luteal phase defects","headline":"Gonadotropin and ovarian hormone dynamics in luteal phase defects","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gonadotropin-and-ovarian-hormone-dynamics-in-luteal-phase-defects-rectm6fovi0yilym4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sam E. Alexander","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of South Alabama","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01s7b5y08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Aksel","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of South Alabama","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01s7b5y08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alexander S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5886-4238","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Australian National University"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J M Hazelton","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of South Alabama","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01s7b5y08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R R Yeoman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of South Alabama","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01s7b5y08"}}],"datePublished":"1992-02-01","abstract":"Blood samples were obtained during early follicular, periovulatory, and luteal phases in four women with out-of-phase endometrial biopsy specimens and four normal controls. In the study cycle, follicular development was evaluated and a late luteal phase endometrial biopsy was performed in each subject. Area under the luteal phase progesterone curve positively correlated with degree of maturity of the endometrial biopsy. Peak serum estradiol, maximum follicular diameter, and both immunoactivity and bioactivity of the preovulatory luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone surges were similar in the luteal phase defect cycles as compared with normal cycles. Likewise luteinizing hormone bioactivity in the luteal phase of the luteal phase defect cycles was similar to that of normals. These data show that the immunoactivity and bioactivity of periovulatory and luteal phase gonadotropins may be normal in luteal phase defect cycles.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"166","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"652","pageEnd":"657","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(92)91692-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68058415"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(92)91692-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1536247"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68058415"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/predictive-value-of-c-reactive-protein-in-serum-of-maternal-and-cord-blood-in-ca-recdina4u6fzodhmx/","name":"Predictive value of C-reactive protein in serum of maternal and cord blood in cases with premature rupture of membranes","headline":"Predictive value of C-reactive protein in serum of maternal and cord blood in cases with premature rupture of membranes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/predictive-value-of-c-reactive-protein-in-serum-of-maternal-and-cord-blood-in-ca-recdina4u6fzodhmx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Awara AM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marei SK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elghorab NM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elnewahy MA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aboulenin AA"}],"datePublished":"1992-02-01","abstract":"Physicians compared clinical history, examination, and laboratory data on 10 pregnant women at various gestational ages with intact membranes till labor began (controls) with data on 25 pregnant women also at various gestational ages who experienced premature rupture of membranes (PROM) (cases) to determine the value of C-reactive protein (CRP) in maternal and cord blood as a predictor of chorioamnionitis in women with PROM. 32% of cases had clinical chorioamnionitis and 44% histopathological chorioamnionitis. The maternal serum level of CRP in cases with and without chorioamnionitis at delivery was statistically higher than that of the controls (45.82 CRP mg/L and 9.71 CRP mg/L vs. 6.6 CRP mg/l; P.05). Further the CRP level in cord blood of cases with chorioamnionitis also stood much higher than that of the controls (p.001). In addition, the total leukocytic count (TLC) for cases with chorioamnionitis at delivery was much higher than it was for the control group at delivery (12,510 TLC/cubic mm vs. 18,231 TLC/cubic mm; p.05). A significant difference also existed between the temperature of the cases with chorioamnionitis and that of the controls (37.11 degrees Celsius vs. 63.97 degrees Celsius; p.05). Sensitivity and specificity tests showed that CRP 24 mg/L was the most reliable predictor of chorioamnionitis (100% and 93.3% respectively) followed by TLC (77.8% and 92.8% respectively) then temperature (55.6% and 78.6% respectively). Thus CRP can be used to predict premature delivery and simultaneously reduces unnecessary premature delivery of many PROM cases which occur due to fear of developing infections in both the mother and the fetus.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Egyptian Medical Journal"}}},"pageStart":"31","pageEnd":"37","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/increased-rate-of-preterm-deliveries-in-untreated-women-with-luteal-phase-defici-reckbhshztjdpagu2/","name":"Increased rate of preterm deliveries in untreated women with luteal phase deficiencies. Preliminary report","headline":"Increased rate of preterm deliveries in untreated women with luteal phase deficiencies. Preliminary report","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/increased-rate-of-preterm-deliveries-in-untreated-women-with-luteal-phase-defici-reckbhshztjdpagu2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"G Lee","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5043-0912","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital and Clinics","sameAs":"https://ror.org/013v7fk41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard H. Epstein","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8466-3845","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital and Clinics","sameAs":"https://ror.org/013v7fk41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J H Check","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cooper University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/049wjac82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Vetter","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6952-3115","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Social Emotional Learning Alliance for the United States (SEL4US)"}}],"datePublished":"1992-01-01","abstract":"Some randomized studies have suggested a significant beneficial effect of 17-hydroxyprogesterone caproate in the prevention of preterm labor [1, 2], The therapy in both studies was initiated at approximately 12-16 weeks and continued until labor.\nWe considered the possibility that a deficient proges­ terone effect during the first trimester may lead to a higher rate of preterm deliveries. A retrospective study was thus performed comparing the incidence of preterm versus full-term pregnancies in women with luteal phase defects who were either treated or not treated with proges­ terone supplementation during the first trimester.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"33","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation"}}},"pageStart":"183","pageEnd":"184","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1159/000294877","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68170095"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1159/000294877"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1612531"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68170095"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-cyclofenil-on-hormonal-dynamics-follicular-development-and-cervical-mu-recbumnamd0ynoowf/","name":"Effect of cyclofenil on hormonal dynamics, follicular development and cervical mucus in normal and oligomenorrhoeic women","headline":"Effect of cyclofenil on hormonal dynamics, follicular development and cervical mucus in normal and oligomenorrhoeic women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-cyclofenil-on-hormonal-dynamics-follicular-development-and-cervical-mu-recbumnamd0ynoowf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Eu‐Leong Yong","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6511-770X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"MRC Centre for Reproductive Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02f4tsf92"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Glasier","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5697-255X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Edinburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"William J. Ledger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6465-4343","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"MRC Centre for Reproductive Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02f4tsf92"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G C Beattie","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3365-9293","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Edinburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D T Baird","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Edinburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Caird","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Edinburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Hillier","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"MRC Centre for Reproductive Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02f4tsf92"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"V Sweeting","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Edinburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Thong","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Edinburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90"}}],"datePublished":"1992-01-01","abstract":"Cyclofenil is a triphenylethylene derivative, similar in structure to clomiphene citrate, which is used to induce ovulation in anovulatory women. The effects of cyclofenil on a group of 10 normal cyclic and 10 oligomenorrhoeic subjects were examined in a double blind controlled cross-over study. Both groups of women were administered either cyclofenil or, following a washout cycle, a placebo in two treatment cycles. Urinary oestrone and pregnanediol excretion were measured daily and ultrasound scans performed to assess follicular development. Frequent sampling of blood was performed on day 6 to study luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) pulsatile release. Cervical mucus changes and sperm-cervical mucus interaction were studied after identification of the LH peak. There were no significant differences between cyclofenil and placebo cycles in the following: ovulation rates, daily urinary oestrone and pregnanediol excretion, the number or size of developing follicles, LH pulsatility (parameters studied: number of peaks, pulse interval, pulse amplitude, pulse area and mean nadir LH), mean FSH level on day 6, cervical mucus and sperm-cervical mucus interaction. In view of our inability to demonstrate an effect on any parameter of endocrine function in normal and oligomenorrhoeic women, these results throw doubt on the therapeutic value of cyclofenil in its present dosage and formulation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"39","pageEnd":"43","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a137553","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28319293"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a137553"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1551955"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28319293"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/randomized-controlled-trials-of-home-uterine-activity-monitoring-a-review-and-cr-recznmqnyzwo4va7d/","name":"Randomized controlled trials of home uterine activity monitoring: a review and critique","headline":"Randomized controlled trials of home uterine activity monitoring: a review and critique","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/randomized-controlled-trials-of-home-uterine-activity-monitoring-a-review-and-cr-recznmqnyzwo4va7d/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Grimes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2115-1866","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kenneth F Schulz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2596-7616","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Research Triangle Park Foundation","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03eqttr49"}}],"datePublished":"1992-01-01","abstract":"Home uterine activity monitoring has been proposed as an effective technique for reducing the incidence of preterm birth by early recognition of incipient labor. Five randomized controlled trials evaluating this technique have been published in peer review journals. As judged by accepted criteria for such trials, all have serious methodologic deficiencies. Four of the five trials demonstrated no significant benefit from this monitoring. Two other trials not published in peer review journals support the hypothesis that home uterine activity monitoring is no more effective than daily nursing contact. Until the efficacy of this technology has been established, home uterine activity monitoring should not be used clinically.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"79","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"137","pageEnd":"142","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-ethinyl-estradiol-on-endometrial-thickness-and-uterine-volume-duri-reczbafdxr37pp8lp/","name":"The effect of ethinyl estradiol on endometrial thickness and uterine volume during ovulation induction by clomiphene citrate","headline":"The effect of ethinyl estradiol on endometrial thickness and uterine volume during ovulation induction by clomiphene citrate","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-ethinyl-estradiol-on-endometrial-thickness-and-uterine-volume-duri-reczbafdxr37pp8lp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Simcha Yagel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1412-5862","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hadassah Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cqmqj90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Avraham Ben‐Chetrit","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hadassah Academic College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bdv1r55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eyal Y. Anteby","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hadassah Academic College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bdv1r55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D. Hochner‐Celnikier","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hadassah Academic College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bdv1r55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Ben-Chetrit","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4928-3529"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Hochner-Celnikier"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Ron","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8058-6093","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hadassah Academic College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bdv1r55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Zacut","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hadassah Academic College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bdv1r55"}}],"datePublished":"1992-01-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To assess the deleterious effect of clomiphene citrate (CC) on the development of the endometrium and its improvement by the addition of ethinyl estradiol (E2).\n\nPARTICIPATING\n\nPATIENTS: Infertility-treated patients, monitored for induction of ovulation or timing of insemination (control group).\n\nDESIGN: We studied four groups of women during an ovulatory cycle with various treatment schedules. Group 1: untreated patients; group 2: patients treated by CC; group 3: patients treated by CC + ethinyl E2; group 4: patients treated by human menopausal gonadotropin. Follow-up of the patients was done by vaginal ultrasonography and measurements of blood E2.\n\nRESULTS: In the group treated by CC, both endometrial thickness and uterine volume growth during the follicular phase were lower as compared with untreated controls and menotropin-treated patients. The addition of ethinyl E2 to these patients reversed this deleterious effect of CC without interfering with ovulation.\n\nCONCLUSION: Ethinyl E2 may reverse the deleterious effect of CC on endometrial development during the follicular phase.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"57","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"33","pageEnd":"36","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)54772-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67727310"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)54772-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1730327"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q67727310"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/visualization-techniques-in-infertility-recv03qcbhvjuqkag/","name":"Visualization Techniques in Infertility","headline":"Visualization Techniques in Infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/visualization-techniques-in-infertility-recv03qcbhvjuqkag/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ken Brodlie","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5502-6898","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Leeds","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024mrxd33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1992-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Scientific Visualization"},"pageStart":"37","pageEnd":"85","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76942-9_3","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/978-3-642-76942-9_3"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-recaznuvj02vp6ymm/","name":"Natural family planning","headline":"Natural family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-recaznuvj02vp6ymm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Davis MS","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2177-098X"}],"datePublished":"1992-01-01","abstract":"Natural family planning includes the calendar (rhythm), basal body temperature, ovulation (mucus), and sympto-thermal methods. Reliability of such methods often is underestimated, but effectiveness of various methods has been reported. Correct understanding and use of proper techniques, primarily abstinence during fertile periods, is imperative for effectiveness. New methods being studied may heighten awareness of fertile times and shorten required periods of abstinence or use of back-up methods.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"NAACOG's Clinical Issues in Perinatal and Women's Health Nursing"}}},"pageStart":"280","pageEnd":"290","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-advanced-diagnostic-laparoscopy-in-atlas-of-female-fertility-surge-rec0oitrshjlbwrqi/","name":"Endometriosis: Advanced Diagnostic Laparoscopy in Atlas of Female Fertility Surgery, Second Edition","headline":"Endometriosis: Advanced Diagnostic Laparoscopy in Atlas of Female Fertility Surgery, Second Edition","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-advanced-diagnostic-laparoscopy-in-atlas-of-female-fertility-surge-rec0oitrshjlbwrqi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Batt RE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wheeler JM"}],"datePublished":"1992-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clinical-importance-of-endometrial-histology-and-progesterone-level-assessment-i-recxc0ro62ygimrrj/","name":"Clinical importance of endometrial histology and progesterone level assessment in luteal-phase defect","headline":"Clinical importance of endometrial histology and progesterone level assessment in luteal-phase defect","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clinical-importance-of-endometrial-histology-and-progesterone-level-assessment-i-recxc0ro62ygimrrj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"K Kusuhara","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3641-8746","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jikei University School of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/039ygjf22"}}],"datePublished":"1992-01-01","abstract":"In order to clarify the relationship between endometrial histology and progesterone (P4), plasma P4 and estradiol levels in the luteal phase were measured in 126 cases of unexplained infertility. Endometrial biopsies were performed in the midluteal period of menstrual cycles. Forty-three of the 126 cases showed retarded endometrium. Of these 43 cases, 23 exhibited three different types of abnormal P4 secretion. Type A showed low P4 levels throughout the luteal period. Type B showed low P4 levels only in the early luteal period. Type C showed normal P4 levels in the early luteal period followed by a prompt decline. These findings indicated that P4 determination during the early, mid- and late luteal phases is necessary to assess P4 secretion. However, 20 of the 43 cases had normal P4 levels through the entire luteal phase, demonstrating an insufficient response of the endometrium to P4. Consequently, histological examination of the endometrium is required to investigate the luteal phase defect.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"37 Suppl 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Hormone Research"}}},"pageStart":"53","pageEnd":"58","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1159/000182351","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43978078"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1159/000182351"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1427630"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43978078"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endoscopic-carbon-dioxide-laser-ovarian-wedge-resection-in-resistant-polycystic--recvplzqqa4w5hrja/","name":"Endoscopic carbon dioxide laser ovarian wedge resection in resistant polycystic ovarian disease","headline":"Endoscopic carbon dioxide laser ovarian wedge resection in resistant polycystic ovarian disease","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endoscopic-carbon-dioxide-laser-ovarian-wedge-resection-in-resistant-polycystic--recvplzqqa4w5hrja/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Adam Ostrzenski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0132-1626","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Isfahan Fertility and Infertility Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/028zgc806"}}],"datePublished":"1992-01-01","abstract":"Clomiphene citrate therapy has been found to improve the infertility rate in women suffering from polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD). However, there still exists a group of women with PCOD who fail to respond to clomiphene citrate or human menopausal gonadotropin/human chorionic gonadotropin or urofollitropin/chorionic gonadotropin treatment, an ovarian wedge resection by laparotomy approach which has been known for 50 years. Within the last decade, translaparoscopic electrocautery and laser drilling techniques have been utilized. In 1986, a translaparoscopic carbon dioxide laser ovarian wedge resection was introduced for resistant PCOD. This paper describes the surgical principle of a translaparoscopic carbon dioxide laser ovarian wedge resection. This type of treatment results in a 75% crude conception rate, with a 67% rate of healthy live birth. There was an 8% postsurgical adhesion rate among 12 cases that were incorporated into the study. This mode of therapy may prove to be very useful, safe, easy to perform, and cost effective as a second-line therapy for resistant PCOD in cases where medical inductions fail to achieve ovulation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"37","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International journal of fertility"}}},"pageStart":"295","pageEnd":"299","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30987075","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1358842"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q30987075"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/family-planning-issues-norplant-uterine-isolation-and-natural-family-planning-rec0ahncpj2e9kwco/","name":"Family Planning Issues: Norplant, Uterine Isolation and Natural Family Planning","headline":"Family Planning Issues: Norplant, Uterine Isolation and Natural Family Planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/family-planning-issues-norplant-uterine-isolation-and-natural-family-planning-rec0ahncpj2e9kwco/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1992-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-ringers-lactate-interceedtc7-and-gore-tex-surgical-membrane-on-postsu-reca8v9ewwc7zdpz0/","name":"Effects of Ringer's lactate, Interceed(TC7) and Gore-Tex Surgical Membrane on postsurgical adhesion formation","headline":"Effects of Ringer's lactate, Interceed(TC7) and Gore-Tex Surgical Membrane on postsurgical adhesion formation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-ringers-lactate-interceedtc7-and-gore-tex-surgical-membrane-on-postsu-reca8v9ewwc7zdpz0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"K Pagidas","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6186-4561","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Togas Tulandi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5253-2565","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}}],"datePublished":"1992-01-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of Ringer's lactate instillation, Interceed(TC7) (Johnson and Johnson Medical, Inc., New Brunswick NJ), and Gore-Tex Surgical Membrane (W. L. Gore and Associates, Inc., Flagstaff, AZ) in a rat uterine horn model.\n\nSETTING: Rats were in a conventional laboratory setting.\n\nPARTICIPANTS: Sprague-Dawley white rats, weighing 225 to 250 g.\n\nINTERVENTIONS: The left uterine horn was subjected to a standardized lesion by serosal denudation and devascularization. The rats were randomly assigned into control group, Interceed(TC7) group, Gore-Tex group, and Ringer's lactate group.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Degree of adhesions was evaluated 2 weeks after the initial surgery.\n\nRESULTS: Adhesion score after Ringer's lactate instillation was significantly lower than those of control, Interceed(TC7), and Gore-Tex groups. Gore-Tex was associated with less adhesion formation than control. No difference was found in the adhesion formation between the Interceed(TC7) group and the control group.\n\nCONCLUSION: Confirming our previous observations, Ringer's lactate instillation is effective in decreasing adhesion formation. Gore-Tex reduces adhesion formation, but its efficacy is inferior to those of Ringer's lactate. Contrary to previous reports, Interceed(TC7) is ineffective in our animal model.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"57","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"199","pageEnd":"201","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)54801-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67727283"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)54801-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1730317"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q67727283"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/murine-peritoneal-injury-and-de-novo-adhesion-formation-caused-by-oxidized-regen-recxymao3hwotiel4/","name":"Murine peritoneal injury and de novo adhesion formation caused by oxidized-regenerated cellulose (Interceed [TC7]) but not expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (Gore-Tex Surgical Membrane)","headline":"Murine peritoneal injury and de novo adhesion formation caused by oxidized-regenerated cellulose (Interceed [TC7]) but not expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (Gore-Tex Surgical Membrane)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/murine-peritoneal-injury-and-de-novo-adhesion-formation-caused-by-oxidized-regen-recxymao3hwotiel4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A F Haney","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Doty","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5645-8246","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Durham Technical Community College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03fm7wh60"}}],"datePublished":"1992-01-01","abstract":"STUDY OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of the materials contained in the available adhesion prevention barriers on the peritoneum.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN, SETTING,\n\nPATIENTS: A murine paradigm was used, placing oxidized-regenerated cellulose (Interceed [TC7]) and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE; Gore-Tex Surgical Membrane) in the peritoneal cavity for intervals up to 14 days.\n\nINTERVENTIONS AND\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The appearance of the peritoneum on scanning and transmission electron microscopy and the presence of de novo adhesions were the end-points used.\n\nRESULTS: Oxidized-regenerated cellulose caused localized sloughing of the mesothelial cell layer and leukocyte infiltration of the deeper tissue leading to the formation of adhesions to the bowel and liver in 58% of the animals. The surface of the oxidized-regenerated cellulose-injured peritoneum healed in 5 to 7 days. Neither peritoneal injury nor adhesions were noted in sham-operated animals or animals with PTFE.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Oxidized-regenerated cellulose but not PTFE has a localized injurious effect on the peritoneum of the mouse, resulting in de novo adhesions. The impact of the barrier material itself on normal peritoneum may be an important consideration in designing surgical barriers for the prevention of postoperative adhesions.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"57","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"202","pageEnd":"208","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)54802-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67727289"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)54802-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1730318"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q67727289"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-various-therapies-for-the-luteinized-unruptured-follicle-syndrome-recoj2esnl0bcpkaj/","name":"Comparison of various therapies for the luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome","headline":"Comparison of various therapies for the luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-various-therapies-for-the-luteinized-unruptured-follicle-syndrome-recoj2esnl0bcpkaj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Nowroozi K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J H Check","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cooper University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/049wjac82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Dietterich","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036pt7h44"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C H Wu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9820-2000","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107."}}],"datePublished":"1992-01-01","abstract":"A study was initiated to evaluate the prevalence of the luteinized unruptured follicle (LUF) syndrome in a group of 355 women with infertility. The diagnosis was established by carefully observing daily sonograms along with measuring estradiol, progesterone, and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels. Two distinct types of LUF syndrome were identified: mature follicle LUF, in which release of an ovum was not demonstrated after a follicle attained maturity (serum estradiol reached 200 pg/mL while serum progesterone remained less than 2.5 ng/mL), versus premature luteinization LUF, where the serum progesterone increased above 2.5 ng/mL before follicular maturation was attained. The use of either hCG alone or hCG in combination with hMG in a single injection at the time of follicular maturation successfully corrected mature follicle LUF in 21 of 46 patients (46%), whereas ovulation-inducing drugs plus hCG or hCG and hMG corrected LUF in 24 of 25 patients (96%). Clomiphene citrate proved inferior to hMG in that it corrected LUF in 3 of 25 patients (12%) versus 12 of 22 patients (95%) who had undergone hMG therapy. Thus, hMG-hCG therapy is the most efficacious for mature follicle LUF, but because release can occur spontaneously on occasion by an appropriately timed single gonadotropin injection, one could offer the less costly options first. For premature luteinization, speeding up follicular maturation with gonadotropin therapy is effective. Upon failure of this technique, the more costly endogenous gonadotropin suppression followed by hMG can be employed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"37","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Fertility"}}},"pageStart":"33","pageEnd":"40","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/salpingitis-isthmica-nodosa-in-infertility-and-ectopic-pregnancy-rectlblzqstt1wj7l/","name":"Salpingitis isthmica nodosa in infertility and ectopic pregnancy","headline":"Salpingitis isthmica nodosa in infertility and ectopic pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/salpingitis-isthmica-nodosa-in-infertility-and-ectopic-pregnancy-rectlblzqstt1wj7l/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ferit Ö. Saraçoglu","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dr. Zekai Tahir Burak Maternity Hospital, Ankara, Turkey."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Mungan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2646-4412","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zekai Tahir Burak Kadın Sağlığı Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi","sameAs":"https://ror.org/026qp7597"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Tanzer"}],"datePublished":"1992-01-01","abstract":"Excised tubal segments from 94 infertile women with tubal obstruction, with a mean infertility duration of 5.3 years, and 40 women with ectopic tubal pregnancy were studied histopathologically to evaluate the association with salpingitis isthmica nodosa (SIN). The mean age of the 94 infertile women with tubal obstruction was 24.5 years. Hysterosalpingographies and laparoscopy were performed on all of them. Only the women with ectopic pregnancies we performed salpingectomy on were included in the present study. The incidence of SIN in women with tubal obstruction was 7.4%, in women with ectopic tubal pregnancy 10%, and in the control group the incidence was 0.2%. In 60% of the cases, SIN was present in both of the tubes. Based on this study, we conclude that SIN is significantly associated with infertility and ectopic tubal pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"34","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation"}}},"pageStart":"202","pageEnd":"205","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1159/000292761","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45392655"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1159/000292761"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1487176"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q45392655"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-1991-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-1991-uukol9fg/","name":"DIR Jahrbuch 1991 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 1991)","headline":"DIR Jahrbuch 1991 (Deutsches IVF-Register Annual Report 1991)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dir-jahrbuch-1991-deutsches-ivfregister-annual-report-1991-uukol9fg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register e.V."}],"datePublished":"1992-01-01","abstract":"Annual report (Jahrbuch) of the Deutsches IVF-Register (DIR) for treatment year 1991. DIR is the German national IVF/ICSI registry, founded 1982. Phase B historical-archive source.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Deutsches IVF-Register Jahrbuch"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reproduction-in-the-older-gravida-a-literature-review-recmxsdoki6uuqwpx/","name":"Reproduction in the older gravida. A literature review","headline":"Reproduction in the older gravida. A literature review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reproduction-in-the-older-gravida-a-literature-review-recmxsdoki6uuqwpx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Newcomb WW"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Matías I Rodríguez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1002-6888","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad de Chile, Chile."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John Johnson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05cb1k848"}}],"datePublished":"1991-12-01","abstract":"Infertility, spontaneous abortions and trisomic anomalies increase with maternal age, as do ectopic pregnancy, low birth weight, macrosomia, abruptio placentae and labor dysfunction. However, those phenomena are multifactorial in origin and cannot be ascribed solely to advancing age. Older pregnant women are also at increased risk for diabetes and hypertension. Whereas the older gravida is at increased risk for maternal mortality and morbidity and for fetal and infant mortality, those problems are explainable in large part by coexisting medical complications. The healthy older pregnant woman who receives appropriate prepregnancy counseling and up-to-date perinatal care can achieve results comparable to those achieved by younger ones.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"36","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"839","pageEnd":"845","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/increased-estradiol-concentration-of-unknown-origin-rec5otyl2sjk394cx/","name":"Increased estradiol concentration of unknown origin","headline":"Increased estradiol concentration of unknown origin","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/increased-estradiol-concentration-of-unknown-origin-rec5otyl2sjk394cx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Vasiliades J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gentrup B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Remsburg J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1991-12-01","abstract":"We report an interesting case of above-normal serum estradiol concentration of unknown origin. A 30-year-old white woman was seen for infertility problems. Hormonal evaluation revealed the following results. Postovulatory progesterone concentrations and profile (a plot of hormone concentration vs time of cycle) were within the normal range for our laboratory (Table 1). However, the post-ovulatory estradiol concentrations were extremely high, although the curve appeared normal in profile (Table 1).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"37","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical Chemistry"}}},"pageStart":"2152","pageEnd":"2153","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluation-of-adhesion-formation-after-laparoscopic-treatment-of-polycystic-ovar-reczx8whi8whcxpmo/","name":"Evaluation of adhesion formation after laparoscopic treatment of polycystic ovarian disease","headline":"Evaluation of adhesion formation after laparoscopic treatment of polycystic ovarian disease","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluation-of-adhesion-formation-after-laparoscopic-treatment-of-polycystic-ovar-reczx8whi8whcxpmo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Timur Gürgan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6738-792X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hacettepe University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04kwvgz42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Kişnişçi"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Osman Develioğlu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0446-166X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hacettepe University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04kwvgz42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hulusi Bülent Zeyneloğlu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0289-2642","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hacettepe University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04kwvgz42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Aksu","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hacettepe University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04kwvgz42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Yarali","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3170-0566","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. yarali@ada.net.tr","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01wntqw50"}}],"datePublished":"1991-12-01","abstract":"The incidence and fertility effects of postoperative adhesion formation after laparoscopic ovarian electrocautery or laser photocoagulation of polycystic ovaries has not been adequately analyzed. Short-interval second-look laparoscopy appears to be a useful method for addressing this issue. Employing short-interval second-look laparoscopy 3 to 4 weeks after the initial laparoscopic intervention, we were able to demonstrate adhesions in 6 of 7 patients (85%) treated with ovarian electrocautery and 8 of 10 patients (80%) submitted to laser therapy. The adhesions were amenable to laparoscopic lysis in 12 of 14 patients (85%). The subsequent conception rates within 6 months of second-look laparoscopy that were 57% and 40% in the electrocautery and the Nd:YAG laser groups, respectively, may in part be attributed to the restoration of normal pelvic anatomy during this procedure.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"56","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1176","pageEnd":"1178","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)54737-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33325101"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)54737-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1835936"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33325101"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/absorption-of-micronized-progesterone-from-a-nonliquefying-vaginal-cream-recvmstfm6sukz1q8/","name":"Absorption of micronized progesterone from a nonliquefying vaginal cream","headline":"Absorption of micronized progesterone from a nonliquefying vaginal cream","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/absorption-of-micronized-progesterone-from-a-nonliquefying-vaginal-cream-recvmstfm6sukz1q8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kimzey LM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gumowski J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Grimes GJ Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G R Merriam","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lawrence M Nelson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5009-1156","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Health and Human Development (2HD) Research Network","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05asga947"}}],"datePublished":"1991-11-11","abstract":"An improved delivery method to achieve sustained physiological P levels would be useful. Based on this single-dose pharmacokinetic study, micronized P prepared in a nonliquefying vaginal cream holds promise as a convenient method to achieve this goal with a single daily application.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"56","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"995","pageEnd":"996","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ultrasound-surveillance-of-the-cervix-in-twin-gestations-management-of-cervical--recubehabeb8diu1m/","name":"Ultrasound surveillance of the cervix in twin gestations: management of cervical incompetency","headline":"Ultrasound surveillance of the cervix in twin gestations: management of cervical incompetency","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ultrasound-surveillance-of-the-cervix-in-twin-gestations-management-of-cervical--recubehabeb8diu1m/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Schreiber FR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Padgett RJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pieper D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Ager","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8497-1124"},{"@type":"Person","name":"W H Michaels","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Providence Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04kd28k12"}}],"datePublished":"1991-11-01","abstract":"Fifty-one consecutive twin pregnancies studied prospectively were compared with 153 consecutive control twin gestations that were concurrently delivered, but chosen retrospectively. Study patients were managed by a protocol that used weekly ultrasound surveillance combined with clinical assessment. Control subjects were not managed by protocol or ultrasound surveillance. Seven of 51 study patients (13.7%) were diagnosed as having cervical incompetency before 30 weeks' gestation (range 18-28 weeks, mean 24). In comparison, 14 of 153 controls (9.2%) delivered before 30 weeks' gestation (range 18-29 weeks, mean 25). The mean cervical length, dilatation, and membrane herniation (funneling) at diagnosis were 1.9, 2.2, and 3.6 cm, respectively, for patients with cervical incompetency. There was a significant difference in perinatal mortality. All study twins survived, whereas nine control subjects delivered at a mean gestational age of 22.7 weeks, with a loss of 17 infants. Life table analysis demonstrated that a significantly greater proportion of controls delivered very low birth weight, premature twins. The use of ultrasound and clinical criteria to select patients for cerclage placement helped prevent birth of the youngest and smallest twins and significantly decreased perinatal mortality in the study group. Routine cerclage placement is not recommended for twin gestations, but multifetal gestations may benefit from ultrasound surveillance for cervical incompetency.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"78","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5 Pt 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"739","pageEnd":"744","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/histology-of-proximal-tubal-obstruction-in-cases-of-unsuccessful-tubal-canalizat-rec36eodno0gq6kaa/","name":"Histology of proximal tubal obstruction in cases of unsuccessful tubal canalization","headline":"Histology of proximal tubal obstruction in cases of unsuccessful tubal canalization","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/histology-of-proximal-tubal-obstruction-in-cases-of-unsuccessful-tubal-canalizat-rec36eodno0gq6kaa/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Letterie GS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sakas EL"}],"datePublished":"1991-11-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine possible etiologies of unsuccessful fluoroscopically guided tubal canalization, we studied the histology of tubal segments in cases of failed canalization for proximal tubal obstruction. Factors contributing to cases of unsuccessful fluoroscopically guided tubal canalization remain unclear.\n\nDESIGN: Prospective.\n\nSETTING: Reproductive Endocrinology Clinic.\n\nMATERIALS: Twenty-seven cornual and/or isthmic tubal segments from 15 patients who underwent proximal tubal surgery after fluoroscopically guided tubal canalization were studied. Specimens were prepared with hemotoxylin-eosin and Masson trichrome stains.\n\nRESULTS: Histologic examination of excised cornual and isthmic tubal segments revealed abnormalities in 93% of specimens. Obliterative fibrosis (61%), chronic salpingitis (57%), and salpingitis isthmica nodosa (42%) were the most commonly found histologic tubal abnormalities. One case of complete tubal occlusion and tubal schistosomiasis was also detected.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that cases of failed fluoroscopically guided tubal canalization may be secondary to severe intrinsic tubal disease and tubal occlusion and not to the technique. Fluoroscopically guided tubal canalization may provide a means of differentiating a functional obstruction amenable to conservative management from true occlusion requiring management by microsurgical techniques or in vitro fertilization.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"56","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"831","pageEnd":"835","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polycystic-ovaries-and-the-risk-of-breast-cancer-recjo6ltglngzrfay/","name":"Polycystic ovaries and the risk of breast cancer","headline":"Polycystic ovaries and the risk of breast cancer","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polycystic-ovaries-and-the-risk-of-breast-cancer-recjo6ltglngzrfay/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marilie D Gammon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1004-3106","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W D Thompson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern Maine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ke6tv85"}}],"datePublished":"1991-10-15","abstract":"Data from a case-control study that was conducted between 1980 and 1982 were analyzed to investigate the possible association between polycystic ovaries and the risk of breast cancer. The multicenter, population-based study included in-home interviews with 4,730 women with breast cancer and 4,688 control women aged 20-54 years. The age-adjusted odds ratio for breast cancer among women with a self-reported history of physician-diagnosed polycystic ovaries was 0.52 (95% confidence interval 0.32-0.87). The inverse association was not an artifact of infertility, age at first birth, or surgical menopause. Because women with this syndrome have abnormal levels of certain endogenous hormones, the observation of a low risk of breast cancer in this group may provide new insights into hormonal influences on breast cancer.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"134","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Epidemiology"}}},"pageStart":"818","pageEnd":"824","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116156","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68058406"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116156"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1951277"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68058406"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/conservative-laparoscopic-excision-of-endometriosis-by-sharp-dissection-life-tab-9jiuz92f/","name":"Conservative laparoscopic excision of endometriosis by sharp dissection: life table analysis of reoperation and persistent or recurrent disease","headline":"Conservative laparoscopic excision of endometriosis by sharp dissection: life table analysis of reoperation and persistent or recurrent disease","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/conservative-laparoscopic-excision-of-endometriosis-by-sharp-dissection-life-tab-9jiuz92f/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"David B Redwine","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Charles Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02stwhg86"}}],"datePublished":"1991-10-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine the long-term outcome after laparoscopic excision of endometriosis.\n\nDESIGN: This longitudinal unmatched study evaluated surgical outcome using follow-up questionnaires and evaluation of reoperations with results presented in life table format.\n\nSETTING: Surgery was performed by a private practitioner at a referral center.\n\nPATIENTS: All 359 patients undergoing laparoscopic excision of endometriosis between December 12, 1980, and March 31, 1990, were studied.\n\nINTERVENTIONS: Endometriosis, including deeply invasive disease, was completely excised laparoscopically using 3-mm scissors and graspers. Adjunctive medical therapy was not used.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Extent of disease present at reoperation and quarterly rates of reoperation and recurrent/persistent disease are used as indicators of efficacy of surgery.\n\nRESULTS: Interval rates of reoperation and recurrence/persistence of disease and extent or invasiveness of disease when found at reoperation did not increase with the passage of time after surgery. The maximum cumulative rate of recurrent or persistent disease was 19%, achieved in the 5th postoperative year.\n\nCONCLUSION: Laparoscopic excision of endometriosis results in a low rate of minimal persistent/recurrent disease. The natural history of endometriosis after surgery suggests a rather static nature of the disease.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"56","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"628","pageEnd":"34","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)54591-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45019935"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)54591-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1833246"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q45019935"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/multicenter-randomized-clinical-trial-of-home-uterine-activity-monitoring-for-de-recybingn3j7z4xgg/","name":"Multicenter randomized clinical trial of home uterine activity monitoring for detection of preterm labor","headline":"Multicenter randomized clinical trial of home uterine activity monitoring for detection of preterm labor","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/multicenter-randomized-clinical-trial-of-home-uterine-activity-monitoring-for-de-recybingn3j7z4xgg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael J. Corwin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6591-209X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Syracuse University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/025r5qe02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Gall","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5840-7936"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Gray","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5637-623X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of New South Wales"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H How","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Syracuse University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/025r5qe02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H L Kayne","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Syracuse University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/025r5qe02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S M Mou","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Syracuse University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/025r5qe02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"V Patel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5261-2613","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Syracuse University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/025r5qe02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S G Sunderji","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Syracuse University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/025r5qe02"}}],"datePublished":"1991-10-01","abstract":"Home uterine activity monitoring has been described as an effective means of detecting uterine contractions, but controversy exists whether it is home uterine activity monitoring or increased nursing support in conjunction with it that contributes to earlier detection of preterm labor. In this study 377 women at risk for preterm labor from three centers were prospectively, randomly assigned to high-risk prenatal care alone (not monitored) or to the same care with twice-daily home uterine activity monitoring without increased nursing support (monitored). The two groups were medically and demographically similar at entry into the study. Routine visits, nonroutine visits, and gestational age at diagnosis of preterm labor were similar in both groups. Preterm labor occurred in 41 of 198 monitored and 39 of 179 not monitored patients. Mean cervical dilatation was 1.4 cm in 41 monitored compared with 2.5 cm for 37 not monitored (p = 0.0006); 73.1% of monitored and 27.5% of not monitored had preterm labor detected before 2 cm dilatation (p = 0.00009). Neonatal outcome of singleton pregnancies showed greater birth weight, fewer days in the neonatal intensive care unit, and fewer babies requiring oxygen therapy and mechanical ventilation in the monitored group. The better outcomes are probably due to the increased likelihood of diagnosis of preterm labor before advanced cervical dilatation with home uterine activity monitoring, thus providing the clinician with a better chance to initiate tocolytic therapy directed at improving pregnancy outcome.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"165","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4 Pt 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"858","pageEnd":"866","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(91)90429-u","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68058829"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(91)90429-u"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1951544"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68058829"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/subfertility-and-the-risk-of-low-birth-weight-recvv3efsmepgalwd/","name":"Subfertility and the risk of low birth weight","headline":"Subfertility and the risk of low birth weight","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/subfertility-and-the-risk-of-low-birth-weight-recvv3efsmepgalwd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M A Williams","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5807-5281","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tufts University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05wvpxv85"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marlene Goldman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tufts University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05wvpxv85"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Mittendorf","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tufts University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05wvpxv85"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R R Monson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tufts University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05wvpxv85"}}],"datePublished":"1991-10-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the association between subfertility and low birth weight infants.\n\nDESIGN: Women in this analysis participated in a cross-sectional investigation of maternal risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes.\n\nSETTING: Medical and obstetric history and life style information were obtained from women who delivered at the Boston Hospital for Women, 1977 to 1980.\n\nPATIENTS,\n\nPARTICIPANTS: Our analysis was restricted to nondiabetic married women who planned their pregnancies and subsequently delivered viable singletons (3,622). The 644 \"subfertile\" women (no conception during a year of unprotected intercourse) were compared with 2,978 \"fertile\" women (conception within 1 year).\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The relative risk of low birth weight was estimated using the cumulative incidence risk ratio.\n\nRESULTS: After adjusting for confounding, the relative risk of delivering a low birth weight infant (less than 2,500 g) for subfertile women versus fertile women was 1.9 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3 to 2.8). The adjusted relative risk of delivering a term low birth weight (intrauterine growth retarded) infant was 2.3 (95% CI, 1.2 to 4.4).\n\nCONCLUSIONS: In these data, subfertility is a predictor for low birth weight. The association may result from endocrinological, immunological, cervical, or other factors that interfere with optimal fetal growth.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"56","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"668","pageEnd":"671","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)54597-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43453349"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)54597-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1915940"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43453349"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pathophysiology-of-polycystic-ovarian-disease-new-insights-recuwraqinop3x7gr/","name":"Pathophysiology of polycystic ovarian disease: new insights","headline":"Pathophysiology of polycystic ovarian disease: new insights","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pathophysiology-of-polycystic-ovarian-disease-new-insights-recuwraqinop3x7gr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"V Insler","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaplan Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t0n9020"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Lunenfeld","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sheba Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/020rzx487"}}],"datePublished":"1991-09-01","abstract":"The incidence of polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD) varies from 0.6 to 92%, depending on the parameters analysed, PCOD has been reported to appear in association with Cushing's Syndrome, adrenal hyperplasia, hypothyroidism, adrenal and ovarian tumours and some genetic abnormalities. The controversy regarding the pathophysiological mechanism underlying the disease still persists. Critical evaluation of old data, assessment of new findings concerning the possible role of insulin, growth factors and their binding proteins, and extrapolation of neuroendocrinological experiments enabled the construction of a concise hypothesis of the pathophysiology of PCOD. According to this hypothesis, PCOD is a multifactorial disease. The sequence of events finally leading to clinical manifestation of the disease (hyperandrogenism, abnormal luteinizing hormone pulsatility pattern and ovulation disturbances) may originate in different organs or be triggered by different mechanisms. It may stem from the adrenals, the hypothalamus or higher central nervous system centres, or from the ovary itself; it may originate from excess of fat tissue usually combined with hyperinsulinism; or may be the result of a net increase in active growth factors. Each of the above disturbances probably appears early in life, much before the clinical signs of the disease are evident. Predisposing factors such as gestational diabetes of the mother, childhood obesity, borderline adrenal hyperplasia and late menarche have to be looked for as early as possible in order to prevent the late consequences of the disease, such as increased risk of infertility, endometrial and breast cancer and cardiovascular disease.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1025","pageEnd":"1029","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a137478","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37027068"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a137478"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1806558"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37027068"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-opiate-receptor-blockade-on-the-insulin-response-to-oral-glucose-load--recs0gs4wivt3mhfh/","name":"Effect of opiate receptor blockade on the insulin response to oral glucose load in polycystic ovarian disease","headline":"Effect of opiate receptor blockade on the insulin response to oral glucose load in polycystic ovarian disease","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-opiate-receptor-blockade-on-the-insulin-response-to-oral-glucose-load--recs0gs4wivt3mhfh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonio Lanzone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4119-414X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oasi Maria SS","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dqmaq38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Maria Fulghesu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8116-3968","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Cutillo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9526-0443","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Di Simone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3546-6604","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Caruso","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4922-2256","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Mancuso","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1752-3986","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Cucinelli","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Fortini","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}}],"datePublished":"1991-09-01","abstract":"In order to test the hypothesis that endogenous opiates are at least partially responsible for hyperinsulinaemia in patients with polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD), the effect of naloxone (an opiate receptor blocker) on the insulin response to oral glucose load (OGTT) was studied in 20 women with PCOD and 17 control subjects at days 5-8 of their follicular phase. After fasting overnight for 10-12 h, each woman received an i.v. bolus injection (2 mg) of naloxone or an equal volume of saline infusion followed by a constant infusion of naloxone or saline solution at a rate of 8 ml/h (1 mg/h of naloxone) for 5 h. OGTT (75 g) was performed 1 h after the bolus injection. The naloxone study was performed 48 h after the saline study. Naloxone did not modify the insulin response to OGTT in either group. When the data were related to the insulin response, in PCOD hyperinsulinaemic patients, naloxone significantly reduced (P less than 0.02) the insulin response to OGTT without any change in glycaemic response curves. In control and PCOD normoinsulinaemic patients, naloxone did not change significantly either the glycaemia or the insulin levels after OGTT. No change of gonadotrophin and steroid secretion was found in any patient receiving naloxone. In conclusion, endogenous opiates may play a significant role in hyperinsulinaemia in PCOD.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1043","pageEnd":"1049","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a137482","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41132449"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a137482"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1666896"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41132449"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fallopian-tube-catheterization-and-recanalization-under-ultrasonic-observation-a-reco2t5vrrbzpvutk/","name":"Fallopian tube catheterization and recanalization under ultrasonic observation: a simplified technique to evaluate tubal patency and open proximally obstructed tubes","headline":"Fallopian tube catheterization and recanalization under ultrasonic observation: a simplified technique to evaluate tubal patency and open proximally obstructed tubes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fallopian-tube-catheterization-and-recanalization-under-ultrasonic-observation-a-reco2t5vrrbzpvutk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"K Lisse","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01hcx6992"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Sydow","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01hcx6992"}}],"datePublished":"1991-08-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To test a sonoscopic technique developed for transvaginal catheterization and recanalization of the fallopian tube.\n\nDESIGN: In a feasibility study, catheterization was performed with the use of laparoscopic control. Patients with bilateral proximal tubal obstruction underwent fallopian tube recanalization under ultrasonic observation.\n\nSETTING: This study represents patients evaluated for primary or secondary infertility at Humboldt University Hospital.\n\nPATIENTS,\n\nPARTICIPANTS: Proximal tubal obstruction had been diagnosed on previous hysterosalpingogram and with laparoscopy.\n\nINTERVENTIONS: None.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Tubal patency was assessed by hydrotubation under ultrasonic observation.\n\nRESULTS: Transvaginal catheterization was successful in 31 (91.2%) of the 34 tubes. In 19 patients with proximal tubal obstruction, patency of both or at least one tube was achieved in 16 (84.2%) women. Five (31.6%) of 16 patients successfully recanalized were found to have an intrauterine pregnancy at a 6-month follow-up interval.\n\nCONCLUSION: This catheterization technique should be investigated for possible use in diagnostic schedule early in the evaluation of the infertile patient. Also, the transvaginal recanalization of proximally obstructed tubes calls into question the application of microsurgical treatment of a selected group of patients.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"56","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"198","pageEnd":"201","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)54471-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54075690"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)54471-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1830006"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q54075690"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/error-in-histologic-dating-of-secretory-endometrium-variance-component-analysis-recgmr3jia95ppjit/","name":"Error in histologic dating of secretory endometrium: variance component analysis","headline":"Error in histologic dating of secretory endometrium: variance component analysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/error-in-histologic-dating-of-secretory-endometrium-variance-component-analysis-recgmr3jia95ppjit/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mark Gibson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0657-5166","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Vermont","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0155zta11"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Francis W. Byrn","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Vermont","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0155zta11"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K R Lee","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0639-5635","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Vermont","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0155zta11"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G J Badger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Vermont","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0155zta11"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Korson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Vermont","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0155zta11"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T D Trainer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Vermont","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0155zta11"}}],"datePublished":"1991-08-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To characterize the extent and sources of imprecision in histologic dating of the endometrial biopsy.\n\nDESIGN: Duplicate endometrial biopsies from 25 women were dated by five evaluators on two separate occasions to evaluate the overall precision of the measure. Using variance component analysis, estimates of intrauterine, intraevaluator, and interevaluator variability were determined.\n\nSETTING: Samples were obtained during outpatient fertility testing. Evaluators were colleagues at the same institution.\n\nPATIENTS,\n\nPARTICIPANTS: Women presenting with infertility undergoing routine evaluation.\n\nINTERVENTIONS: None.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Variability in histologic dating of the endometrium.\n\nRESULTS: Inconsistencies between evaluators accounted for 65% of the observed variability, whereas 27% was because of inconsistencies in duplicate readings by the same evaluator. Regional differences in the uterus accounted for only 8% of the total variability.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: The overall error from these sources have the potential to result in a substantial false-positive rate for diagnosis of luteal phase defect.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"56","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"242","pageEnd":"247","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)54479-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47344370"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)54479-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2070853"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47344370"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/high-resolution-endovaginal-ultrasonography-of-the-endometrium-a-noninvasive-tes-recl2ag2asvfctxuv/","name":"High-resolution endovaginal ultrasonography of the endometrium: a noninvasive test for endometrial adequacy","headline":"High-resolution endovaginal ultrasonography of the endometrium: a noninvasive test for endometrial adequacy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/high-resolution-endovaginal-ultrasonography-of-the-endometrium-a-noninvasive-tes-recl2ag2asvfctxuv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bergh PA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hofmann G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Grunfeld","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04a9tmd77"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Navot","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04a9tmd77"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Sandler","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04a9tmd77"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Walker B","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7160-9505"}],"datePublished":"1991-08-01","abstract":"Endovaginal sonography of the endometrium demonstrates characteristic findings throughout the menstrual cycle. To correlate these findings with histologic criteria for normal endometrial development, we compared endometrial biopsies with ultrasonographic findings. Nineteen cycles were monitored in 18 women with ovarian failure whose endometrial cycles were induced exogenously by sequential transdermal 17 beta-estradiol (E2) and intramuscular progesterone. These subjects underwent ultrasonography of the endometrium prior to the day of progesterone initiation (luteal day +1) and continuing throughout the mid-secretory phase. On luteal day +1, ultrasonography characteristically demonstrated a multilayered endometrium consisting of a hyperechoic perimeter (endometrial-myometrial interface), a hypoechoic inner layer, and a hyperechoic midline (luminal interface). By luteal day +7, a gradual increase in echogenicity of the inner layer was detected, while the inner myometrium remained hypoechoic. Eleven of 19 cycles demonstrated a completely hyperechoic endometrium on luteal day +7 and also demonstrated normal stromal development on endometrial biopsies. Three patients who had endometrial biopsies consistent with their chronological development failed to demonstrate a hyperechoic endometrium by luteal day +7. All five biopsies that were histologically out of phase were detected by ultrasonography. Thus, ultrasonography demonstrated a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 62% for the detection of histologically normal endometrial development. Endometrial thickness could not be used to discriminate between biopsies that were normal (13 +/- 1.0 mm) and those out of phase (13.8 +/- 1.8 mm). Endometrial histology demonstrated asynchrony of glands and stroma in nine cases in which ultrasonography correlated with stromal, but not with glandular dating, suggesting that the increased echogenicity may reflect stromal edema.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"78","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"200","pageEnd":"204","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-use-of-micronized-progesterone-in-the-treatment-of-menace-of-preterm-deliver-recbfyusgbao31mhq/","name":"The use of micronized progesterone in the treatment of menace of preterm delivery","headline":"The use of micronized progesterone in the treatment of menace of preterm delivery","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-use-of-micronized-progesterone-in-the-treatment-of-menace-of-preterm-deliver-recbfyusgbao31mhq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"B Faguer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5506-0014"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Mellier","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5705-8148"},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Audra","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Pavilion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00c0kg894"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Dargent","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Pavilion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00c0kg894"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Noblot","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Pavilion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00c0kg894"}}],"datePublished":"1991-07-25","abstract":"The results of a study concerning the treatment of acute menace of preterm labor are given: beta-mimetics were administered intravenously in all cases (44) and micronized progesterone or placebo was administered orally after classical double-blind randomization (22 cases in each group). The mean index of pregnancy prolongation was the same in both groups. However the mean duration of the intravenous perfusion and the mean quantity of beta-mimetics administered intravenously were significantly reduced in the progesterone group (P less than 0.01). The mean duration of hospital stay was also significantly reduced (P less than 0.05). Cost and risks are finally significantly lessened.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"40","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology"}}},"pageStart":"203","pageEnd":"209","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0028-2243(91)90118-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67956891"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0028-2243(91)90118-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1879595"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q67956891"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-administration-by-nasal-spray-recyu9vzepjl0ps8g/","name":"Progesterone administration by nasal spray","headline":"Progesterone administration by nasal spray","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-administration-by-nasal-spray-recyu9vzepjl0ps8g/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ettore Cicinelli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2390-4582","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Human Oncologic Science, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027ynra39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Ragno","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0510-3418","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027ynra39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"I Cagnazzo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027ynra39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Fanelli","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027ynra39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Schonauer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027ynra39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Vetuschi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027ynra39"}}],"datePublished":"1991-07-01","abstract":"The bioavailability and the clinical usefulness of the P administered by nasal spray were investigated. Ten healthy menopausal women received an IN spray administration (4 doses of an oleic P solution 20 mg/mL, corresponding to nearly 11.2 mg of P) and the circulating P levels were calculated. Sixty minutes after administration, the maximum concentration (CMax, 3.75 +/- 0.214 ng/mL) was reached. High P levels (greater than 2 ng/mL) lasted until 360 minutes, and the AUC 0 to 720 was 1,481.6 +/- 343 ng.h/mL. Progesterone administration by spray formulation has proven to be effective in reaching therapeutic levels and to be acceptable to patients and, probably, clinically safe.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"56","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"139","pageEnd":"141","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)54433-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70221342"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)54433-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2065793"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70221342"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/women-with-endometriosis-show-a-defect-in-natural-killer-activity-resulting-in-a-reczyazlpn2lzrekr/","name":"Women with endometriosis show a defect in natural killer activity resulting in a decreased cytotoxicity to autologous endometrium","headline":"Women with endometriosis show a defect in natural killer activity resulting in a decreased cytotoxicity to autologous endometrium","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/women-with-endometriosis-show-a-defect-in-natural-killer-activity-resulting-in-a-reczyazlpn2lzrekr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Freddy Cornillie","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rega Institute for Medical Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03w5j8p12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P R Koninckx","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rega Institute for Medical Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03w5j8p12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D J Oosterlynck","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rega Institute for Medical Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03w5j8p12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Vandeputte","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1431-441X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rega Institute for Medical Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03w5j8p12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Waer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rega Institute for Medical Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03w5j8p12"}}],"datePublished":"1991-07-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: The role of natural killer (NK) cells in the decreased cellular immunity of women with endometriosis was investigated.\n\nDESIGN, SETTING,\n\nPATIENTS: Thirty-four women were investigated prospectively before a CO2-laser laparoscopy for infertility and/or pain at the University Hospital Gasthuisberg. Endometriosis was scored blindly.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The cytotoxicity, directed against the endometrium, was mediated by NK cells because this cytotoxicity could be removed by treating the effector cells with the NK-specific anti-Leu-11b monoclonal antibody. Consequently, we evaluated prospectively in those women the lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity toward NK sensitive (K562-assay) and autologous endometrial target cells.\n\nRESULTS: The NK activity (K562-assay) and the cytotoxicity against autologous endometrial cells were similarly decreased in women with endometriosis and correlated with the severity of the disease. Using heterologous effector cells, the decreased chromium release in women with endometriosis was less pronounced but still present.\n\nCONCLUSION: The decreased cytotoxicity to endometrial cells in women with endometriosis is mainly because of a defect in NK activity but is also partially because of a resistance of the endometrium to NK cytotoxicity.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"56","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"45","pageEnd":"51","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)54414-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33640412"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)54414-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2065804"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33640412"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/focal-pelvic-tenderness-pelvic-pain-and-dysmenorrhea-in-endometriosis-recigmngvlsdfsqiu/","name":"Focal pelvic tenderness, pelvic pain and dysmenorrhea in endometriosis","headline":"Focal pelvic tenderness, pelvic pain and dysmenorrhea in endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/focal-pelvic-tenderness-pelvic-pain-and-dysmenorrhea-in-endometriosis-recigmngvlsdfsqiu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ripps BA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Martin DC"}],"datePublished":"1991-07-01","abstract":"A study was conducted to determine if the increased recognition of various forms of endometriosis might have increased the ability to correlate focal tenderness with lesions. The prospective study of 82 patients revealed a strong correlation between focal tenderness on examination with the presence of deep fibrotic endometriosis and other fibrotic pathology. The data suggested that focal tenderness and depth of infiltration may direct further study in women with endometriosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"36","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"470","pageEnd":"472","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/home-monitoring-of-uterine-contractility-summary-of-a-workshop-sponsored-by-the--recd9pdepfycqwgrb/","name":"Home monitoring of uterine contractility. Summary of a workshop sponsored by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and the Bureau of Maternal and Child Health and Resources Development, Bethesda, Maryland, March 29 and 30, 1989","headline":"Home monitoring of uterine contractility. Summary of a workshop sponsored by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and the Bureau of Maternal and Child Health and Resources Development, Bethesda, Maryland, March 29 and 30, 1989","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/home-monitoring-of-uterine-contractility-summary-of-a-workshop-sponsored-by-the--recd9pdepfycqwgrb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Donald C. McNellis"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S S Kessel"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G G Rhoads","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institute of Child Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/049mgby18"}}],"datePublished":"1991-07-01","abstract":"At an interdisciplinary workshop on home monitoring of uterine activity, participants reviewed the basis of this technology and its use in the identification of women at high risk of preterm delivery and in the prevention of preterm birth. Although the guard-ring devices in current use appear capable of detecting uterine activity, they do not clearly distinguish between Braxton Hicks contractions and the contractions of early labor. There was agreement that women destined for preterm delivery have more uterine activity on average than do other women of comparable gestational age but that there is substantial overlap between the two groups. Thus it is uncertain whether this difference can be used effectively for screening purposes. Conferees agreed that there is considerable evidence that twice-daily monitoring of very-high-risk women, in conjunction with daily nursing support and high-quality obstetric care, may prevent preterm births. Available evidence does not clearly distinguish the contribution of tocodynamometry from that of nursing support. A number of areas were identified in which further research is needed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"165","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"2","pageEnd":"6","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(91)90212-a","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36506004"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(91)90212-a"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1677235"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36506004"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/family-planning-objectives-measures-regulations-structures-recissjag5qd6atrb/","name":"Family planning. Objectives, measures, regulations, structures","headline":"Family planning. Objectives, measures, regulations, structures","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/family-planning-objectives-measures-regulations-structures-recissjag5qd6atrb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Meyer L","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1128-7262","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Teacher Education in Special Needs"}}],"datePublished":"1991-06-11","abstract":"5 major criteria are used to evaluate family planning methods: efficacy, both theoretical and practical; acceptability as measured by continuation of use; safety; reversibility; and cost, including the cost of treatment, follow-up, and screening for contraindications. Traditional family planning methods are mostly based on periodic abstinence during the presumed fertile period. The calendar, temperature, Billings or cervical mucus, and symptothermal methods are based on observation of different symptoms of ovulation and fertility. Their advantages are that they do not require intervention by health personnel, their costs of use are nil, and they are morally acceptable to some couples. Their efficacy is lower than that of other methods and they should be viewed as methods to space rather than limit births. The withdrawal method, also less effective, requires active cooperation by the male partner. Among mechanical methods, the use of condoms has increased recently because of the protection they offer against HIV infection and other sexually transmitted diseases. Their efficacy depends on correct use, regular use, and the quality of the condom. The Pearl index varies from 93099 per 100 woman-years. The diaphragm must be individually measured and should be used with spermicides. The Pearl index ranges from 85095 per 100 woman-years. Spermicides, generally either nonoxynol-9 or benzalkonium chloride, are surfactants that have a Pearl index of 83-97 per 100 woman-years. They are available as creams, jellies, foams, suppositories, tablets, or impregnated sponges. Most failures appear due to errors of utilization. The mechanism of action of the IUD is imperfectly understood, but it is known to prevent nidation of the fertilized egg. Copper devised have higher rates of efficacy and tolerance. Pearl indices range from 95-99.5. Contraindications include genital infection, uterine anomalies, valvular cardiopathy, and coagulation problems. The IUD is relatively contraindicated if there is history of ectopic pregnancy or upper genital tract infections. The combined oral contraceptive is the most widely utilized method in France. The Pearl index is nearly 100 in the absence of forgetting, vomiting, or drug interactions. The contraindications are basically those of estrogens: history of thrombosis, prolonged bedrest, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hepatic disorders, hormonodependent cancers, or smoking after age 35. Progestin-only methods are available in 3 forms: low-dose pills which must be taken at the same time each day, higher-dosed progestins taken for 20 days each month, and injectable progestins providing contraception for 8-12 weeks. Postcoital contraception using OCs or IUDs is possible but not well known among women or physicians. The Neuwirth law authorizing use of contraception in France was passed in 1967. Amendments in 1974 improved access and provided for reimbursement for some methods, but some newer forms are not reimbursed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"41","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"La Revue Du Praticien"}}},"pageStart":"1615","pageEnd":"1617","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/predictors-of-clinical-response-in-hirsute-women-treated-with-spironolactone-rechfkzjnjaqitw3b/","name":"Predictors of clinical response in hirsute women treated with spironolactone","headline":"Predictors of clinical response in hirsute women treated with spironolactone","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/predictors-of-clinical-response-in-hirsute-women-treated-with-spironolactone-rechfkzjnjaqitw3b/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"P D Crosby","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R S Rittmaster","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}}],"datePublished":"1991-06-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To examine the clinical efficacy of low dose spironolactone in hirsute women.\n\nDESIGN: Retrospective.\n\nSETTING: Outpatient endocrinology clinic.\n\nPATIENTS: One hundred nine consecutive women prescribed 75 to 100 mg/d spironolactone for at least 4 months in whom adequate follow-up data were available.\n\nRESULTS: Hirsutism improved in 72% of the women. Women with regular menses, whether or not they used oral contraceptives (OCs), had the highest response rate to spironolactone (78%), whereas women with irregular menses who did not use an OC had the lowest response rate (55%). Favorable responses were associated with increased severity of hirsutism (P = 0.04) and lower serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels (P = 0.05). Responders and nonresponders did not differ significantly in age (P = 0.10), duration of hirsutism (P = 0.14), pretreatment serum testosterone (T) (P = 0.48), or body mass index (P = 0.11). However, when each parameter was divided into subsets, trends toward decreasing response were observed with increasing age, duration of hirsutism over 15 years, and increasing serum T level.\n\nCONCLUSION: Low-dose spironolactone improves hirsutism in a majority of hirsute women, irrespective of age, severity or duration of hirsutism, menstrual status, or serum hormone levels.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"55","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1076","pageEnd":"1081","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)54355-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67899609"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)54355-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1828043"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q67899609"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-luteal-phase-during-gonadotropin-therapy-effects-of-two-human-chorionic-gona-recjmsw4ebiqwxetx/","name":"The luteal phase during gonadotropin therapy: effects of two human chorionic gonadotropin regimens","headline":"The luteal phase during gonadotropin therapy: effects of two human chorionic gonadotropin regimens","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-luteal-phase-during-gonadotropin-therapy-effects-of-two-human-chorionic-gona-recjmsw4ebiqwxetx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C L Gagliardi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R V Grazi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rutgers New Jersey Medical School","sameAs":"https://ror.org/014ye1258"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C L Schmidt","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rutgers New Jersey Medical School","sameAs":"https://ror.org/014ye1258"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F H Taney","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rutgers New Jersey Medical School","sameAs":"https://ror.org/014ye1258"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Von Hagen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5236-4226","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Weiss","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0772-8323","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57"}}],"datePublished":"1991-06-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: Luteal phase abnormalities are known to complicate ovulation induction with gonadotropins. This study was performed to test the effect of a modified human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) regimen on the luteal phase during gonadotropin treatment.\n\nDESIGN: Fifteen women from a private practice setting volunteered to be studied during each of two nonconception, gonadotropin-stimulated cycles. After ovarian stimulation with human menopausal gonadotropins (hMG), hCG was administered either as a single dose of 10,000 IU (single dose) or in two divided doses of 5,000 IU given 1 week apart (split dose).\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Early, midluteal, and late luteal estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P) levels and luteal phase lengths were measured, and their median values and intraquartile ranges (IQR) compared using nonparametric analysis.\n\nRESULTS: Early and midluteal E2 and P levels were similar regardless of which hCG regimen was administered. The median late luteal E2 level was 1,146.0 pg/mL (the IQR ranged from 633 to 1,650, IQR = 1,017) with the split-dose regimen and 240.0 pg/mL (the IQR ranged from 150 to 460, IQR = 310) with the single-dose regimen. The median late luteal P level was 108.0 ng/mL (the IQR ranged from 58.5 to 129, IQR = 70.5) with the split-dose regimen and 4.2 ng/mL (the IQR ranged from 1.9 to 11.7, IQR = 9.8) with the single-dose regimen. Median luteal phase lengths were 16 days (the IQR ranged from 15 to 17, IQR = 2) for the split-dose regimen and 11 days (the IQR ranged from 10 to 12, IQR = 2) for the single-dose regimen.\n\nCONCLUSION: In hMG-stimulated cycles, a second dose of hCG given during the midluteal phase significantly increases late luteal E2 and P levels and consistently lengthens the luteal phase.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"55","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1088","pageEnd":"1092","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)54357-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67988873"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)54357-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1903727"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q67988873"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adhesion-formation-after-ovarian-electrocauterization-on-patients-with-polycysti-recdwklwtiprnnvbm/","name":"Adhesion formation after ovarian electrocauterization on patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome","headline":"Adhesion formation after ovarian electrocauterization on patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adhesion-formation-after-ovarian-electrocauterization-on-patients-with-polycysti-recdwklwtiprnnvbm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Y Behjatnia","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tehran","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vf56z40"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Dabirashrafi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tehran","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vf56z40"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Moghadami-Tabrizi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tehran","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vf56z40"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Mohamad","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3193-3765","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tehran","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vf56z40"}}],"datePublished":"1991-06-01","abstract":"The rate of adhesion formation after ovarian electrocauterization has been described in two selective and unselective groups of patients with PCOS. The rate of this complication in the selective group was 0 from 16 ovaries and in the unselective group (5/25). However, the rate of major adnexal adhesion in the unselective group was 1 from 25 ovaries.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"55","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1200","pageEnd":"1201","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)54377-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70163002"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)54377-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2037115"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70163002"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/transcervical-selective-salpingography-a-diagnostic-and-therapeutic-approach-to--reckrz98fzyptep9m/","name":"Transcervical selective salpingography: a diagnostic and therapeutic approach to cases of proximal tubal injection failure","headline":"Transcervical selective salpingography: a diagnostic and therapeutic approach to cases of proximal tubal injection failure","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/transcervical-selective-salpingography-a-diagnostic-and-therapeutic-approach-to--reckrz98fzyptep9m/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"P Anserini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2546-2626","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ospedale Policlinico San Martino","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04d7es448"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G L Capitanio","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ospedale Policlinico San Martino","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04d7es448"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Croce","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ospedale Policlinico San Martino","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04d7es448"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L de Cecco","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ospedale Policlinico San Martino","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04d7es448"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Ferraiolo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ospedale Policlinico San Martino","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04d7es448"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Gazzo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ospedale Policlinico San Martino","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04d7es448"}}],"datePublished":"1991-06-01","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of selective salpingography for diagnosis and treatment of tubal injection failure during hysterosalpingography (HSG).\n\nDESIGN: Prospective study.\n\nSETTING: Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, University of Genoa (Italy)--tertiary care.\n\nPATIENTS: One hundred eighty infertile women with unilateral or bilateral proximal tubal injection failure during HSG were submitted to the procedure.\n\nINTERVENTION: Under fluoroscopy, a 4.5-F nylon catheter (3-F tip) was inserted into the ostium with or without the aid of a J-shaped, coaxial, angiographic guide wire, and 2 to 3 mL of contrast medium were injected. The procedure lasts 20 to 30 sec/tube.\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Of 155 tubal ostia, 145 (94.2%) were catheterized.\n\nRESULTS: Of the 146 catheterized tubes, 110 (75%) were rendered patent. Of the others, 21 (14.3%) presented hydrosalpinx or distal obstructions, and isthmic obstruction was present in 5 (3.4%). Patency of at least one tube was achieved in 82 (81.2%) of the 101 catheterized women; 8 conceived spontaneously and 11 after gamete intrafallopian transfer to the recanalized tube.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: During HSG, selective salpinography can be performed when proximal injection failure is observed to determine its cause or to restore patency.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"55","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1045","pageEnd":"1050","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)54350-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43947201"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)54350-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2037102"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43947201"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-contributions-of-the-nurse-and-the-machine-in-home-uterine-activity-monitori-rec7hsz5vkl1l0xrm/","name":"The contributions of the nurse and the machine in home uterine activity monitoring systems","headline":"The contributions of the nurse and the machine in home uterine activity monitoring systems","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-contributions-of-the-nurse-and-the-machine-in-home-uterine-activity-monitori-rec7hsz5vkl1l0xrm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ruth Merkatz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4646-2003","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05cf8a891"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"I R Merkatz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Bronx Defenders","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0096stf71"}}],"datePublished":"1991-05-01","abstract":"The relative contributions of home tokodynamometry and daily nursing telephone contact to the success of preterm birth prevention programs remains a subject of debate. Because investigators have obtained conflicting data, a reinterpretation of published results was undertaken by proposing a dynamic interface between the nurse and the machine. Experience gained from the technology and the development of nursing expertise with assessment of patient symptoms are presented as interdependent factors, both of which are critical to a therapeutic nurse-patient relationship. It is proposed that this combined interactive expertise increases sensitivity to the early recognition of preterm labor. The nurse's role in providing social support to high-risk pregnant women is then identified as a potential additional independent contributing factor to reported observed reductions in preterm births. Discussion focuses on future research, public policy issues, and the need for expanding nurse-patient interactions into the home.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"164","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5 Pt 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1159","pageEnd":"1162","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(91)90676-i","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37721984"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(91)90676-i"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2035556"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37721984"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/new-technology-in-natural-family-planning-recwawncbikqwnbyu/","name":"New technology in natural family planning","headline":"New technology in natural family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/new-technology-in-natural-family-planning-recwawncbikqwnbyu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}}],"datePublished":"1991-05-01","abstract":"In recent years, several new devices have been developed to help women achieve or avoid pregnancy. These devices include computerized basal body temperature thermometers, electronic fertility monitors, and chemical and hormonal ovulation detection kits. This article describes these new fertility devices and discusses their effectiveness and impact on helping women understand and control their fertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"20","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Neonatal Nursing : JOGNN"}}},"pageStart":"199","pageEnd":"205","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.1991.tb02531.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70200138"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1552-6909.1991.tb02531.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2056356"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70200138"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-regulation-of-collagenolysis-in-uterine-cervical-fibroblasts-modulation-recxss61k2tilvtew/","name":"Hormonal regulation of collagenolysis in uterine cervical fibroblasts. Modulation of synthesis of procollagenase, prostromelysin and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP) by progesterone and oestradiol-17 beta","headline":"Hormonal regulation of collagenolysis in uterine cervical fibroblasts. Modulation of synthesis of procollagenase, prostromelysin and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP) by progesterone and oestradiol-17 beta","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-regulation-of-collagenolysis-in-uterine-cervical-fibroblasts-modulation-recxss61k2tilvtew/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"T Sato","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3082-3070","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Biochemistry, Tokyo College of Pharmacy, Japan."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Ito","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0898-669X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tokyo Women's Medical University"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Yamashita","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6535-5951","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aichi Gakuin University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01rwx7470"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Nagase","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8563-2263","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66103, U.S.A."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Hayakawa","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aichi Gakuin University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01rwx7470"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y Mori","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Biochemistry, Tokyo College of Pharmacy, Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-03, Japan."}}],"datePublished":"1991-05-01","abstract":"Rabbit uterine cervical fibroblasts produced a large amount of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) such as collagenase (MMP-1) and stromelysin (MMP-3) and a small relatively amount of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP). When cells were treated with progesterone or oestradiol-17 beta, both steroids concurrently decreased the level of procollagenase and prostromelysin in the culture media and the steady-state levels of the respective mRNAs. On the other hand, the level of TIMP in the culture media and the steady-state level of its mRNA were simultaneously increased by these steroids. Similarly, the suppression of production of MMPs and the augmentation of TIMP production by both steroids were observed with interleukin 1 (IL-1)-treated cells, but the action of progesterone was more effective than that of oestradiol-17 beta in the IL-1-untreated and -treated cells. These results suggest that collagenolysis in uterine cervical fibroblasts is negatively regulated by steroid hormones via the acceleration of TIMP production and the suppression of synthesis of MMPs at the pretranslational level.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"275 ( Pt 3)","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"Pt 3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Biochemical Journal"}}},"pageStart":"645","pageEnd":"650","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1042/bj2750645","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41776024"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1042/bj2750645"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1645518"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41776024"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/post-partum-cervical-mucus-biological-and-rheological-properties-reccglzq1sxqkfqqw/","name":"Post-partum cervical mucus: biological and rheological properties","headline":"Post-partum cervical mucus: biological and rheological properties","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/post-partum-cervical-mucus-biological-and-rheological-properties-reccglzq1sxqkfqqw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Perez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3028-4318","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Morales","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7290-7029","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Neira"}],"datePublished":"1991-04-01","abstract":"In this study we have evaluated the score, sperm migration and ultrastructural characteristics of cervical mucus present in amenorrhoeic women under exclusive breastfeeding at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 days post-partum. Periovulatory mucus samples from seven normally cycling women were used as a control. The average scores of post-partum and periovulatory mucus were 4.6 +/- 0.4 and 14.1 +/- 0.5 respectively. Twenty-one (39%) of the 54 post-partum cervical mucus samples and all (100%) periovulatory mucus samples allowed sperm migration. Positive sperm migration into post-partum mucus was observed at all time intervals studied. The only parameter that correlated with sperm migration into post-partum mucus was ferning formation. Sperm migration was obtained in all post-partum mucus samples with a score greater than 8, but samples with scores between 2 and 7 also showed sperm penetration. Scanning electron microscopic studies showed the characteristic spongy appearance of periovulatory mucus. Post-partum mucus was formed by a dense mesh (rocky appearance), when samples were generally unable to sustain sperm migration, but samples where sperm migration occurred showed small areas of spongy mucus mixed with areas in which a dense mesh and high cellularity was observed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"475","pageEnd":"479","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a137364","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68011012"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a137364"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1918295"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68011012"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/suggestive-evidence-that-pelvic-endometriosis-is-a-progressive-disease-whereas-d-rec5wskabe1znmhal/","name":"Suggestive evidence that pelvic endometriosis is a progressive disease, whereas deeply infiltrating endometriosis is associated with pelvic pain","headline":"Suggestive evidence that pelvic endometriosis is a progressive disease, whereas deeply infiltrating endometriosis is associated with pelvic pain","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/suggestive-evidence-that-pelvic-endometriosis-is-a-progressive-disease-whereas-d-rec5wskabe1znmhal/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Christel Meuleman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9209-614X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"KU Leuven","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05f950310"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Lesaffre","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3747-6905","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"KU Leuven","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05f950310"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Freddy Cornillie","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rega Institute for Medical Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03w5j8p12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Demeyere","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"KU Leuven","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05f950310"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P R Koninckx","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rega Institute for Medical Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03w5j8p12"}}],"datePublished":"1991-04-01","abstract":"In a 3-year prospective study of 643 consecutive laparoscopies for infertility, pelvic pain, or infertility and pain, the pelvic area, the depth of infiltration, and the volume of endometriotic lesions were evaluated. The incidence, area, and volume of subtle lesions decreased with age, whereas for typical lesions these parameters and the depth of infiltration increased with age. Deeply infiltrating endometriosis was strongly associated with pelvic pain, women with pain having larger and deeper lesions. Because deep endometriosis has little emphasis in the revised American Fertility Society classification and after analyzing the diagnoses made in each class, considerations for a simplifying revision with inclusion of deep lesions are suggested. In conclusion, suggestive evidence is presented to support the concept that endometriosis is a progressive disorder, and it is demonstrated that deep endometriosis is strongly associated with pelvic pain.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"55","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"759","pageEnd":"765","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)54244-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70128384"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)54244-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2010001"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70128384"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metabolism-of-3h-equilin-in-normal-and-malignant-human-endometrium-and-in-endl-a-receuunagblqgunog/","name":"Metabolism of [3H]equilin in normal and malignant human endometrium and in endometrial adenocarcinoma transplanted into nude mice","headline":"Metabolism of [3H]equilin in normal and malignant human endometrium and in endometrial adenocarcinoma transplanted into nude mice","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metabolism-of-3h-equilin-in-normal-and-malignant-human-endometrium-and-in-endl-a-receuunagblqgunog/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Alan Gerulath","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Michael's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04skqfp25"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B R Bhavnani","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}}],"datePublished":"1991-04-01","abstract":"One of the main components of conjugated equine estrogens is equilin sulfate and this estrogen in postmenopausal women is metabolized to 17 beta-dihydroequilin, 17 beta-dihydroequilenin and equilenin. To investigate the possibility that some of these estrogens may be formed directly in the target tissues, we studied the in vitro metabolism of [3H]equilin in various types of normal and malignant human endometrium, including adenocarcinoma grown in athymic nude mice. The results indicate that normal and neoplastic human endometrium can form the above three metabolites. The highest level of 17 beta-reduced products were isolated from the normal secretory endometrium. Equilenin was the most abundant metabolite isolated from both the normal and malignant endometrium. The formation of [3H]equilenin indicates the presence of a 6,8(9) steroid dehydrogenase-isomerase in the human endometrium. The formation of 17 beta-dihydroequilin in the endometrium may be of importance as this estrogen is 8 times more potent as a uterotrophic agent than equilin and estrone.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"38","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology"}}},"pageStart":"433","pageEnd":"439","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0960-0760(91)90331-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70153534"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0960-0760(91)90331-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2031858"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70153534"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-induction-of-premature-luteolysis-in-normal-women--follicular-phase-luteiniz-recqt9qplbirzws9z/","name":"The induction of premature luteolysis in normal women--follicular phase luteinizing hormone secretion and corpus luteum function in the subsequent cycle","headline":"The induction of premature luteolysis in normal women--follicular phase luteinizing hormone secretion and corpus luteum function in the subsequent cycle","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-induction-of-premature-luteolysis-in-normal-women--follicular-phase-luteiniz-recqt9qplbirzws9z/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Rivier","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W Vale","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2655-7200","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W J Bremner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9769-2554","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"United States Department of Veterans Affairs","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05rsv9s98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D K Clifton","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wbzw723"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K D Dahl","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wbzw723"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M R Soules","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}}],"datePublished":"1991-04-01","abstract":"Women with luteal phase deficiency have been shown to have an increased frequency of luteinizing hormone pulses in the early follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. Because progesterone is known to modulate luteinizing hormone secretion, it has been hypothesized that the decreased progesterone secretion in a previous luteal phase deficiency cycle could lead to the abnormal luteinizing hormone secretory pattern in the ensuing early follicular phase. With the possibility that the higher luteinizing hormone pulse frequency might lead to another deficient luteal phase, it becomes conceivable that luteal phase deficiency could be self-perpetuating. To test this hypothesis, luteal phase deficiency was induced in six normal women by decreasing luteinizing hormone support of the corpus luteum with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist Nal-Glu, administered twice daily beginning in the midluteal phase after a control cycle. During the antagonist-treated luteal phase, each subject met the predetermined criteria for induced luteal phase deficiency: a 33% or greater decrease in integrated progesterone from the control cycle and an integrated progesterone level less than 100 ng/ml per day. Luteinizing hormone secretion patterns were determined by frequent blood sampling performed every 10 minutes for 12 hours in the early follicular phase of the control cycle and the cycle after antagonist administration. Daily luteal progesterone levels were measured in the control, treatment, and posttreatment cycles. Each volunteer served as her own control. Standard parameters were compared between the control and posttreatment pulse studies in the early follicular phase: (1) luteinizing hormone pulse frequency was 9.5 +/- 1.0 vs 10.0 +/- 0.9 pulses/12 hours, control vs posttreatment, respectively, p = 0.5; (2) luteinizing hormone pulse amplitude was 11.0 +/- 1.3 vs 12.0 +/- 2.2 ng/ml, p = 0.6; and (3) luteinizing hormone mean level was 19.4 +/- 2.3 vs 22.2 +/- 3.3 ng/ml, p = 0.1. Corpus luteum function was also compared between the control and posttreatment cycles. Luteal phase length was 13.7 +/- 0.6 vs 12.7 +/- 0.6 days, p = 0.08. Integrated progesterone values were 136.9 +/- 12.9 vs 130.5 +/- 11.3 ng/ml per day, p = 0.5. Therefore no discernible abnormalities in early follicular luteinizing hormone secretions or corpus luteum secretion of progesterone occurred after an induced luteal phase deficiency cycle.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"164","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"989","pageEnd":"996","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(91)90571-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41181778"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(91)90571-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2014851"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41181778"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/randomized-comparative-trial-of-indomethacin-and-ritodrine-for-the-long-term-tre-reclzukwpn8oqiulj/","name":"Randomized comparative trial of indomethacin and ritodrine for the long-term treatment of preterm labor","headline":"Randomized comparative trial of indomethacin and ritodrine for the long-term treatment of preterm labor","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/randomized-comparative-trial-of-indomethacin-and-ritodrine-for-the-long-term-tre-reclzukwpn8oqiulj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R E Besinger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T R Johnson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Baltimore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024gw2733"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W G Keyes","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Baltimore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024gw2733"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J R Niebyl","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Baltimore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024gw2733"}}],"datePublished":"1991-04-01","abstract":"A randomized prospective trial was performed to compare the efficacy and safety of ritodrine and indomethacin in the long-term treatment of preterm labor. Forty patients with intact membranes in preterm labor at 23 to 34 weeks' gestation were randomized to receive either intravenous ritodrine or oral indomethacin as the first-line tocolytic agent. Successful intravenous ritodrine therapy was followed by oral terbutaline therapy, and indomethacin-treated patients continued to receive oral indomethacin. Treatment failures were defined as progressive preterm labor or patient intolerance, and these patients were treated with intravenous magnesium sulfate. Ritodrine and indomethacin were equally successful in delaying preterm birth as defined by interval to delivery, gestational age at delivery, delivery delayed greater than 7 days, attainment of 35 weeks of gestation, percentage of patients who required magnesium sulfate therapy, percentage of patients who were readmitted with premature rupture of membranes, absence of recurrent preterm labor, and infant birth weight. More than 80% of mothers who received ritodrine voiced complaints of beta-sympathomimetic side effects, and one patient discontinued treatment as the result of intolerance. There were minimal patient complaints with indomethacin use. No statistically significant differences were noted in neonatal outcome as defined by Apgar scores, umbilical cord pH, intensive care days, ventilator days, or neonatal deaths. However, three cases of primary pulmonary hypertension were observed in the indomethacin group. We had not previously observed this problem with short-term (24 to 48 hours) indomethacin therapy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"164","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"981","pageEnd":"988","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(91)90569-d","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28335345"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(91)90569-d"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2014850"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28335345"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/can-we-abandon-naegeles-rule-zz0fyjht/","name":"Can we abandon Naegele's rule?","headline":"Can we abandon Naegele's rule?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/can-we-abandon-naegeles-rule-zz0fyjht/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Saunders N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paterson C"}],"datePublished":"1991-03-09","abstract":"A pregnant woman may become anxious if she has not delivered by the date given to her by her physician. Much anxiety would be alleviated if a range of dates (38-42 weeks) was substituted for a specific date of delivery.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"337","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8741","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Lancet (London, England)"}}},"pageStart":"600","pageEnd":"1","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(91)91653-c","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44108846"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0140-6736(91)91653-c"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1671954"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44108846"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulation-disturbances-and-exercise-training-rec3jyaoqiwqeehnb/","name":"Ovulation disturbances and exercise training","headline":"Ovulation disturbances and exercise training","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulation-disturbances-and-exercise-training-rec3jyaoqiwqeehnb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y M Vigna","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8840-192X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"1991-03-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"34","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"180","pageEnd":"190","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/00003081-199103000-00020","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37712087"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/00003081-199103000-00020"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2025968"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37712087"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevention-of-preterm-birth-in-high-risk-patients-the-role-of-education-and-prov-recfb0sf1zo2s1jkh/","name":"Prevention of preterm birth in high-risk patients: the role of education and provider contact versus home uterine monitoring","headline":"Prevention of preterm birth in high-risk patients: the role of education and provider contact versus home uterine monitoring","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevention-of-preterm-birth-in-high-risk-patients-the-role-of-education-and-prov-recfb0sf1zo2s1jkh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Yvonne Crites","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaiser Permanente","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t60zh31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M A Armstrong","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6521-5729","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaiser Permanente","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t60zh31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D C Dyson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaiser Permanente","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t60zh31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D A Ray","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2384-3265","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaiser Permanente","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t60zh31"}}],"datePublished":"1991-03-01","abstract":"A total of 394 patients were enrolled in a study to assess the effectiveness of an educational preterm delivery prevention program and to determine whether the addition of home uterine monitoring to the program improved results in patients at high risk of preterm labor. Both the educational program and home uterine monitoring were found to increase the percentage of women with preterm labor who sought care while still favorable for long-term suppression, resulting in a decreased incidence of preterm births and improved outcome when compared with similar high-risk patients who did not participate in these programs. In a randomized, prospective study, addition of home uterine monitoring to the educational program was found to significantly improve outcome in twin gestations but not in singleton gestations. However, the number of singleton pregnancies was too small to rule out possible benefit from home uterine monitoring in that group.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"164","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"756","pageEnd":"762","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(91)90510-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43943915"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(91)90510-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2003537"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43943915"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-doxycycline-on-serum-levels-of-ethinyl-estradiol-norethindrone-and-recaasycpzvh9fq8a/","name":"The effect of doxycycline on serum levels of ethinyl estradiol, norethindrone, and endogenous progesterone","headline":"The effect of doxycycline on serum levels of ethinyl estradiol, norethindrone, and endogenous progesterone","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-doxycycline-on-serum-levels-of-ethinyl-estradiol-norethindrone-and-recaasycpzvh9fq8a/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Neely JL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Abate M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Swinker M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D'Angio R"}],"datePublished":"1991-03-01","abstract":"Doxycycline and other antibiotics have been implicated in oral contraceptive (OC) failure, but information is sparse and studies of a doxycycline-OC interaction are nonexistent. Because an interaction between doxycycline and OCs, especially those containing low-dose estrogen, could result in an unplanned and unwanted pregnancy, a controlled clinical trial of the effects of doxycycline on OC hormone concentrations was performed. Twenty-four women aged 18-35 years were recruited as volunteers from among the patients seen in a University-based family planning clinic. While they were on a steady dose of the OC Ortho-Novum 1/35, serum concentrations of ethinyl estradiol, norethindrone, and endogenous progesterone were measured on days 18, 19, and 20 of the menstrual cycle (control phase). These measurements were repeated on days 18, 19, and 20 of the following menstrual cycle while the patient was taking doxycycline, 100 mg twice daily (treatment phase). No statistically significant differences in serum levels of ethinyl estradiol, norethindrone, or endogenous progesterone were seen between the control and treatment phases. However, there was large inter-patient and intra-patient variability in ethinyl estradiol and norethindrone levels. No elevations of endogenous progesterone occurred to suggest ovulation during antibiotic administration in either phase. It is not known what effects longer or earlier administration of doxycycline during the OC cycle would have on serum hormone concentrations or ovulation. Pregnancies attributed to failure of OCs because of tetracycline use could in fact be due to other causes or could represent a true interaction that only manifests itself in a small proportion of women at risk.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"77","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"416","pageEnd":"420","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/predictive-value-symptoms-of-preterm-labor-rec8eqzwlv2ckdqfs/","name":"Predictive value: symptoms of preterm labor","headline":"Predictive value: symptoms of preterm labor","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/predictive-value-symptoms-of-preterm-labor-rec8eqzwlv2ckdqfs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Daniel Strickland","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8684-9184","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"United States Air Force","sameAs":"https://ror.org/006gmme17"}}],"datePublished":"1991-02-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"164","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"700","pageEnd":"701","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9378(11)80052-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68192424"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0002-9378(11)80052-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1992726"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68192424"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/c-reactive-protein-in-normal-pregnancy-recuznjsmdhgapemr/","name":"C-reactive protein in normal pregnancy","headline":"C-reactive protein in normal pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/c-reactive-protein-in-normal-pregnancy-recuznjsmdhgapemr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M A Krohn","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5014-8017","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D A Eschenbach","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D H Watts","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M H Wener","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}}],"datePublished":"1991-02-01","abstract":"Maternal serum C-reactive protein (CRP) has been studied extensively as an adjunct in the diagnosis of subclinical infection among pregnant women with preterm labor or preterm rupture of membranes. However, before the utility of CRP can be studied in pregnancies with these complications, the effects of normal pregnancy and labor on maternal serum CRP levels must be established. We determined CRP levels serially from 22 weeks' gestation until delivery in healthy pregnant women without antepartum complications. Median CRP values for women not in labor ranged from 0.7-0.9 mg/dL, depending on gestational age; 95% of the values were 1.5 mg/dL or lower. No consistent change in CRP levels with gestational age was found among serially sampled women not in labor. The median CRP value for women in labor at term was 1.3 mg/dL, and 32% of values were over 1.5 mg/dL. Median CRP values in normal pregnancies appear to be higher than standardized values for nonpregnant individuals, and CRP values are further elevated in labor. Understanding the physiology and temporal course of the increase in CRP in normal pregnancy and labor may help to clarify the appropriate use of CRP in complicated pregnancies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"77","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"176","pageEnd":"180","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/00006250-199102000-00002","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42120826"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/00006250-199102000-00002"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1988876"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q42120826"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reproductive-factors-and-risk-of-endometrial-cancer-recez87y0hz0icg4f/","name":"Reproductive factors and risk of endometrial cancer","headline":"Reproductive factors and risk of endometrial cancer","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reproductive-factors-and-risk-of-endometrial-cancer-recez87y0hz0icg4f/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"F Parazzini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5624-4854","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05aspc753"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C La Vecchia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1441-897X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05aspc753"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Negri","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9712-8526"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Luigi Fedele","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6297-7165","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016zn0y21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Balotta"}],"datePublished":"1991-02-01","abstract":"The role of reproductive factors in endometrial cancer risk has been analyzed in a case-control study conducted since 1983 in the greater Milan area on 568 women (cases) with histologically confirmed endometrial cancer and 1925 women (controls) who were admitted for acute, nonmalignant, hormonal, gynecologic conditions to hospitals that cover a comparable catchment area. Compared with nulliparous women, parous women had a 30% lower risk of endometrial cancer, but there was no evidence of a decline in risk with increasing number of births. The risk of the disease decreased with number of spontaneous or induced abortions; the multivariate relative risk estimates were, compared respectively with no spontaneous or induced abortions, 0.5 for women with two or more spontaneous abortions and 0.3 for women with two or more induced abortions; both trends in risk were statistically significant. When parous women only were considered, no association emerged between endometrial cancer and age at first birth, but the risk decreased with increasing age at last birth: compared with women whose last birth occurred before age 25, the relative risk was 0.5 for women who were greater than or equal to 35 years old at last birth, and the multivariate trend in risk was statistically significant. For most of the reproductive factors that were considered, the risk estimates tended to be greater at younger age or among premenopausal women and to flatten off in subsequent strata of age. An association between endometrial cancer and age at first birth was observed in women who were less than or equal to 49 years old, but not in older groups. The observation that later age at last birth as well as later first birth in younger women decreases the risk of endometrial cancer suggests a short-term protective effect of pregnancy. This finding is consistent with a late-stage (promotional) effect of reproductive factors on endometrial carcinogenesis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"164","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"522","pageEnd":"527","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9378(11)80012-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39253675"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0002-9378(11)80012-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1992695"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39253675"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/molecular-biology-of-the-cyclic-changes-of-cervical-mucus-recxrs9ermqc8nj3g/","name":"Molecular Biology of the Cyclic Changes of Cervical Mucus","headline":"Molecular Biology of the Cyclic Changes of Cervical Mucus","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/molecular-biology-of-the-cyclic-changes-of-cervical-mucus-recxrs9ermqc8nj3g/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"David F. Katz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1440-8416","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Davis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Odeblad","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sabbatsberg Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dkvrg87"}}],"datePublished":"1991-01-01","pageStart":"1984","pageEnd":"6","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33287002","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33287002"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/successful-pregnancies-in-kallmann-syndrome-using-pulsatile-iv-gnrh-recdokiufrtksew8z/","name":"Successful Pregnancies in Kallmann Syndrome Using Pulsatile IV GnRH","headline":"Successful Pregnancies in Kallmann Syndrome Using Pulsatile IV GnRH","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/successful-pregnancies-in-kallmann-syndrome-using-pulsatile-iv-gnrh-recdokiufrtksew8z/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1991-01-01","abstract":"James Parkinson, a general physician, was interested in all facets of medical care, and wrote two books for the lay public that contained comments on diverse things. He may have been one of the first physicians to publicly describe child abuse. Some of his advice to the public was of a neurologic nature, and included directions on the diagnosis and treatment of pseudoseizures, epilepsy, drowning, and stroke.","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/what-about-nfp-unknown-risks-jf4tekrb/","name":"What about NFP? Unknown risks","headline":"What about NFP? Unknown risks","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/what-about-nfp-unknown-risks-jf4tekrb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"datePublished":"1991-01-01","abstract":"Users of natural family planning (NFP) methods of birth control should be aware of the medications that can effect their ability to read their fertility signs. Antihistamines and decongestants are the most common medications that can affect the mucus signs. Antihistamines tend to dry up the mucus while decongestants tend to liquify mucus. Some anti-depressants sometime act like antihistamines while steroids like cortisone do not change the signs but can lengthen the cycle. Although with cortisone it seems to depend on when in the cycle it is administered. Finally, while antibiotics do not effect the cycle they can cause a secondary yeast infection. These yeast infections can in turn make reading difficult. The solution is to eat yogurt, take lactobacillus tablets or drink acidophilus milk before, during and after taking antibiotics.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"CCL family foundations"}}},"pageStart":"3","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77103184","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12285019"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q77103184"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluation-of-sodium-carboxymethylcellulose-for-prevention-of-experimentally-ind-recu93rpecyzjtiid/","name":"Evaluation of sodium carboxymethylcellulose for prevention of experimentally induced abdominal adhesions in ponies","headline":"Evaluation of sodium carboxymethylcellulose for prevention of experimentally induced abdominal adhesions in ponies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluation-of-sodium-carboxymethylcellulose-for-prevention-of-experimentally-ind-recu93rpecyzjtiid/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Moll HD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Schumacher J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wright JC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Spano JS"}],"datePublished":"1991-01-01","abstract":"Twelve ponies were used to evaluate the reliability of an abdominal adhesion model and the efficacy of intraperitoneal infusion of sodium carboxymethylcellulose in preventing abdominal adhesions. A celiotomy was performed on each of the 12 ponies and the serosa of the distal portion of the jejunum was abraded with a dry gauze sponge at 5 locations. In addition to the serosal damage, a single 2-0 chromic gut suture was placed through the seromuscular layer of the jejunum in the center of the abraded area. After closure of the celiotomy, a 1% solution of sodium carboxymethylcellulose (7 ml/kg of body weight) was infused into the peritoneal cavity of 6 ponies. The other ponies served as untreated controls. All ponies were euthanatized 14 days after surgery. All ponies in the control group had abdominal adhesions at the time of necropsy. Four of the 6 ponies in the treatment group were free of adhesions. There was a significant (P less than 0.0001) difference in the total number of adhesions between the 2 groups.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"52","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Veterinary Research"}}},"pageStart":"88","pageEnd":"91","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/infertility-associated-endometrial-cancer-risk-may-be-limited-to-specific-subgro-recqsbgkdaq7mwzcy/","name":"Infertility-associated endometrial cancer risk may be limited to specific subgroups of infertile women","headline":"Infertility-associated endometrial cancer risk may be limited to specific subgroups of infertile women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/infertility-associated-endometrial-cancer-risk-may-be-limited-to-specific-subgro-recqsbgkdaq7mwzcy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Escobedo LG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lee NC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Herbert B Peterson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021rths28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P A Wingo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"United States Public Health Service","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xf94514"}}],"datePublished":"1991-01-01","abstract":"Data from previous studies suggest that infertility is a risk factor for endometrial cancer. We used data from the Cancer and Steroid Hormone Study to further characterize this relationship. The subject group comprised 399 women ages 20-54 with newly diagnosed epithelial endometrial cancer ascertained through six cancer registries. The control group comprised 3040 women in the same age range selected by random-digit telephone dialing from the same geographic areas where cancer patients resided. Compared with women who reported no fertility problem, women with physician-diagnosed infertility who had reported at least 2 years of infertility had an odds ratio for endometrial cancer, adjusted for age, of 1.7 (95% confidence interval 1.1-2.6). Women who reported infertility resulting from ovarian factors had an adjusted odds ratio of 4.2 (95% confidence interval 1.7-10.4). These results suggest that factors such as anovulation may explain much of the increased risk of endometrial cancer found among subgroups of infertile women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"77","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"124","pageEnd":"128","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/successful-pregnancies-in-kallmann-syndrome-using-pulsatile-iv-gnrh-symposium-on-s4y0bvf0/","name":"Successful Pregnancies in Kallmann Syndrome Using Pulsatile IV GnRH. Symposium on Modes of Action of GnRH and GnRH","headline":"Successful Pregnancies in Kallmann Syndrome Using Pulsatile IV GnRH. Symposium on Modes of Action of GnRH and GnRH","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/successful-pregnancies-in-kallmann-syndrome-using-pulsatile-iv-gnrh-symposium-on-s4y0bvf0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1991-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Analogs, February"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-medical-applications-of-natural-family-planning-a-contemporary-approach-to-w-recnkziu4x2kfl8wc/","name":"The Medical Applications of Natural Family Planning: A Contemporary Approach to Women’s Health Care","headline":"The Medical Applications of Natural Family Planning: A Contemporary Approach to Women’s Health Care","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-medical-applications-of-natural-family-planning-a-contemporary-approach-to-w-recnkziu4x2kfl8wc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Nancy Myers-Bradley"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1991-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Encyclopedia of Women’s Health"},"pageStart":"874","pageEnd":"876","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-306-48113-0_292","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/978-0-306-48113-0_292"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reproductive-endocrine-considerations-and-hormonal-therapy-for-women-with-epilep-recpfvgddvndovttf/","name":"Reproductive endocrine considerations and hormonal therapy for women with epilepsy","headline":"Reproductive endocrine considerations and hormonal therapy for women with epilepsy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reproductive-endocrine-considerations-and-hormonal-therapy-for-women-with-epilep-recpfvgddvndovttf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A G Herzog","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4831-2591","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"American Urological Association","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00sbaqa70"}}],"datePublished":"1991-01-01","abstract":"Animal experimental and human clinical investigations show that estrogens lower and progestins raise many seizure thresholds. In women, seizure frequency varies with the serum estradiol to progesterone ratio. The fluctuation of this ratio during the menstrual cycle is a major factor in catamenial epilepsy. A decline in serum antiseizure medication levels premenstrually may be another factor. Estradiol to progesterone ratios are elevated in anovulatory or inadequate luteal phase cycles. This may explain a propensity for seizure onset at the time of menarche and the exacerbation of seizures during the months or years leading up to menopause. It may also be an important factor in the association between reproductive endocrine disorders and epilepsy. Specifically, polycystic ovarian syndrome and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism are significantly overrepresented among women with epilepsy. Epilepsy may promote the development of these disorders. These disorders, in turn, are characterized by inadequate luteal phase cycles that may promote the development or occurrence of seizures. In the setting of catamenial epilepsy or reproductive endocrine disorders, progestins, such as natural progesterone and parenteral medroxyprogesterone, or antiestrogenic agents, such as clomiphene, constitute rational and effective adjuncts to therapy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32 Suppl 6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"s6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Epilepsia"}}},"pageStart":"S27-S33","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1157.1991.tb05889.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37548888"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1528-1157.1991.tb05889.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1959509"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37548888"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dating-the-beginning-of-pregnancy-in-the-medical-applications-of-natural-family--rechbwrafwvzbobll/","name":"Dating the Beginning of Pregnancy in The Medical Applications of Natural Family Planning","headline":"Dating the Beginning of Pregnancy in The Medical Applications of Natural Family Planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dating-the-beginning-of-pregnancy-in-the-medical-applications-of-natural-family--rechbwrafwvzbobll/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1991-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-validation-of-the-billings-ovulation-method-by-laboratory-research-and-field-recoxoqjzjqradi6i/","name":"The validation of the Billings ovulation method by laboratory research and field trials","headline":"The validation of the Billings ovulation method by laboratory research and field trials","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-validation-of-the-billings-ovulation-method-by-laboratory-research-and-field-recoxoqjzjqradi6i/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Billings Jj","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Toowoomba Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/048xxxv92"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J J Billings","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9513-4057","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Vincent's HospitalMelbourne"}}],"datePublished":"1991-01-01","abstract":"Fertility and the mechanism of ovulation is complex. The processes of fertilization and ovulation are described in this report. Information includes a description of the natural indicators of fertility and infertility, the cervical mucus pattern, and the Guidelines for the Billings Ovulation Method. The ovarian monitor which provides for the measurement of ovarian hormones (estrone glucuronide (EIG) and pregnanediol glucuronide (PdG) in a timed specimen of urine is also described. The cervical mucus pattern method measures ovarian hormones and fertility. No more than 2% of women who have been taught the Ovulation Method and performed the charting would need to use the Ovarian Monitor. It is commonly used to assure that the women's observations and interpretations are correct when there is a strong desire to either achieve or postpone pregnancy. For research, the monitor is useful in accurately measuring the timing of ovulation within the phase of potential fertility during the cycle and the changing probabilities of conception on days within the fertile period. The limits of the fertilizing life span of sperm can be measured as well as the factors which influence this life span. The day of maximum fertility, the correlation of the mucus pattern with fertility and time of ovulation, and assessment of conception cycles are measurable. Diagnostic information can be gleaned which will help to explain bleeding patterns, particularly around menopause, where fluctuating ovarian hormonal levels influence unexplained bleeding patterns. The Monitor can be useful as a test for pregnancy in measurement of high PdG and E1G levels. Four phases are identified for interpreting the ovulatory cycle: 1) the E1G and PdG levels are declining during the beginning of menstruation to reach a constant level (20-60 nmol/24 hours and .9 - 3.3 mcmol/24 hours); 2) rising E1G values and low PdG values and changing mucus pattern of the preovulatory cycle; 3) the ovulatory phase of peak E1G values (150-450 nmol/24 hours) followed by a distinct fall and the beginning of a rise in PdG values and the Peak of the mucus pattern; and 4) the luteal phase of rising PdG (9-36 mcmol/24 hours), and rising E1G values (100-400 nmol/24 hours) to maximum, and then falling before menstruation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta Europaea fertilitatis"}}},"pageStart":"9","pageEnd":"15","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67769426","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1746210"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q67769426"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/contraception--natural-family-planning-recpmdtxbggb3eps8/","name":"Contraception--natural family planning","headline":"Contraception--natural family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/contraception--natural-family-planning-recpmdtxbggb3eps8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph B Stanford","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9932-3947","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"1991-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of the American Board of Family Practice"}}},"pageStart":"277","pageEnd":"279","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68024461","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1927599"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68024461"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cervical-mucus-arborization-its-use-in-the-determination-of-corpus-luteum-functi-recjwa8z5ywm4ezri/","name":"Cervical mucus arborization; its use in the determination of corpus luteum function","headline":"Cervical mucus arborization; its use in the determination of corpus luteum function","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cervical-mucus-arborization-its-use-in-the-determination-of-corpus-luteum-functi-recjwa8z5ywm4ezri/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"F.C. Chrétien","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024hnwe62"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Dubois","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Collège de France","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04ex24z53"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rosen S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8092-1130"}],"datePublished":"1991-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"43","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"55","pageEnd":"65","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70118525","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"13154791"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70118525"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/selective-salpingography-and-fallopian-tube-recanalization-rec5qcvqpjvrh2wzf/","name":"Selective salpingography and fallopian tube recanalization","headline":"Selective salpingography and fallopian tube recanalization","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/selective-salpingography-and-fallopian-tube-recanalization-rec5qcvqpjvrh2wzf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A S Thurmond","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Legacy Meridian Park Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05kwbcj56"}}],"datePublished":"1991-01-01","abstract":"Obstruction of the uterine (proximal) end of the fallopian tube is noted on up to 20% of hysterosalpingograms and has a variety of underlying causes. Definitive diagnosis and treatment in the past have required laparoscopy or laparotomy with tubal resection. Selective salpingography and fallopian tube recanalization with fluoroscopically guided catheters has emerged as an improved method both for diagnosis and treatment in these patients. Technical success rates for overcoming the obstruction and visualizing distal tubal anatomy range from 76% to 95%. Pregnancy rates after the procedure vary depending on the patient populations studied; however, early results indicate a greater than 50% intrauterine pregnancy rate by 1 year. The rate of ectopic pregnancy is approximately 10% and that of early tubal reocclusion is less than 30%. Selective salpingography and fallopian tube recanalization is recommended as the first intervention in patients with obstruction of the proximal fallopian tube.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"156","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology"}}},"pageStart":"33","pageEnd":"38","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.2214/ajr.156.1.1898568","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67982112"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2214/ajr.156.1.1898568"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1898568"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q67982112"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/successful-pregnancy-outcome-in-severe-oligospermia-with-pulsatile-gnrh-receszzpa1tx6xw5n/","name":"Successful Pregnancy Outcome in Severe Oligospermia with Pulsatile GnRH","headline":"Successful Pregnancy Outcome in Severe Oligospermia with Pulsatile GnRH","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/successful-pregnancy-outcome-in-severe-oligospermia-with-pulsatile-gnrh-receszzpa1tx6xw5n/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1991-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-use-of-preovulatory-subcutaneous-booster-gnrh-self-administered-for-ovulatio-reclroauqskqrpepd/","name":"The Use of Preovulatory Subcutaneous 'Booster' GnRH (Self-Administered) for Ovulation Induction","headline":"The Use of Preovulatory Subcutaneous 'Booster' GnRH (Self-Administered) for Ovulation Induction","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-use-of-preovulatory-subcutaneous-booster-gnrh-self-administered-for-ovulatio-reclroauqskqrpepd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1991-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/donum-vitae-instruction-on-the-respect-for-human-life-in-its-origin-and-on-the-d-recb0akhvqbbmsb9t/","name":"Donum Vitae: Instruction on the Respect for Human Life in its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation","headline":"Donum Vitae: Instruction on the Respect for Human Life in its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/donum-vitae-instruction-on-the-respect-for-human-life-in-its-origin-and-on-the-d-recb0akhvqbbmsb9t/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Howard M. Ducharme","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Akron","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02kyckx55"}}],"datePublished":"1991-01-01","pageStart":"57","pageEnd":"66","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50801909","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50801909"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/successful-pregnancies-in-kallmans-syndrome-using-pulsatile-iv-gnrh-abstract-fro-reccl1szqb0xkbqbw/","name":"Successful Pregnancies in Kallman's Syndrome Using Pulsatile IV GnRH: Abstract from Symposium on Modes of Action of GnRH and GnRH Analogs","headline":"Successful Pregnancies in Kallman's Syndrome Using Pulsatile IV GnRH: Abstract from Symposium on Modes of Action of GnRH and GnRH Analogs","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/successful-pregnancies-in-kallmans-syndrome-using-pulsatile-iv-gnrh-abstract-fro-reccl1szqb0xkbqbw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1991-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/once-daily-ceftriaxone-outpatient-therapy-in-adults-with-infections-receunb70tawqri1h/","name":"Once-daily ceftriaxone outpatient therapy in adults with infections","headline":"Once-daily ceftriaxone outpatient therapy in adults with infections","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/once-daily-ceftriaxone-outpatient-therapy-in-adults-with-infections-receunb70tawqri1h/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A D Tice","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington Tacoma","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05n8t2628"}}],"datePublished":"1991-01-01","abstract":"Since 1981 our physicians' office has developed an outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy programme which has shown advantages in patient care and provided significant cost savings. While we were able to provide any parenteral antibiotic available, the mainstay of our programme was ceftriaxone because of its broad range of activity, safety, and once-daily administration. Two hundred and ninety cases of outpatient ceftriaxone usage were recorded between January 1989 and March 1990. Ceftriaxone was found to be most useful for bone, soft tissue, and gynaecological infections. Not only was it highly clinically successful, but it was safe to use in the twice-weekly monitoring parameters we routinely perform in our office. The use of ceftriaxone alone during the 15-month period accounted for savings of over US $1.2 million compared to the cost of hospitalization during this period.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"37 Suppl 3","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Chemotherapy"}}},"pageStart":"7","pageEnd":"10","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1159/000238925","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67997038"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1159/000238925"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1909231"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q67997038"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-canalization-of-cervical-mucus-in-the-human-fertility-reces97tuislgarpd/","name":"The canalization of cervical mucus in the human fertility","headline":"The canalization of cervical mucus in the human fertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-canalization-of-cervical-mucus-in-the-human-fertility-reces97tuislgarpd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S Campo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8970-3436","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Garcea"}],"datePublished":"1991-01-01","abstract":"Canalization of cervical mucus from 31 patients at the obstetric/gynecologic clinic at the Universita Cattolica del S. Cuore in Rome, Italy has studied to determine the biochemical basis of canalization and its dependence on estrogen, to study the action on the canalization of hormones used to induce ovulation, and to correlate fern pattern and canalization. Cervical mucus was collected daily and applied to a glass slide, covered with an object cover, and allowed to dry. The typical arrangement of the dendritic crystals and the presence of channels among them were confirmed. Depending on the phase of the ovulatory cycle, the crystals differed in direction and in number. The number of channels consistently increased as estradiol levels increased during the proliferative phase. This happened in both natural and induced ovulatory cycles. The cervical mucus of patients with primary amenorrhea canalized when treated with estrogens. The channels ran parallel to each other. Yet, during the secretory phase, the number of channels fell rapidly and the channels were lined up in a crisscross fashion. This suggested that sperm penetration is dependent on the orientation of mucus crystals. Indeed in vitro studies showed that spermatozoa enter the periovulatory mucus in tightly packed files as if the mucus allowed only passage in this linear formation. The biophysical characteristics of canalization paralleled those of ferning. Moreover, like ferning, the presence of essential salts and proteins induced canalization. It is concluded that canalization can be used to accurately measure estradiol levels and thus to detect ovulation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta Europaea Fertilitatis"}}},"pageStart":"37","pageEnd":"42","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-contraceptive-needs-of-midlife-women-reck90pvn7vsronw8/","name":"The contraceptive needs of midlife women","headline":"The contraceptive needs of midlife women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-contraceptive-needs-of-midlife-women-reck90pvn7vsronw8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jarrett ME"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lethbridge DJ"}],"datePublished":"1990-12-01","abstract":"For those women who have not been contraceptively sterilized, midlife is a period of waning fertility. However, the occurrence of anovulatory menstrual cycles is unpredictable. Contraceptive methods also become increasingly contraindicated, both medically and physiologically. This article reviews the physiology of waning fertility and midlife contraceptive options, and discusses implications for helping women meet their contraceptive needs throughout the perimenopausal period.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Nurse Practitioner"}}},"pageStart":"34","pageEnd":"39","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/altered-waveform-of-plasma-nocturnal-melatonin-secretion-in-premenstrual-depress-ugei8mms/","name":"Altered waveform of plasma nocturnal melatonin secretion in premenstrual depression","headline":"Altered waveform of plasma nocturnal melatonin secretion in premenstrual depression","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/altered-waveform-of-plasma-nocturnal-melatonin-secretion-in-premenstrual-depress-ugei8mms/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"B L Parry","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarah L Berga","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1885-0401","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wake Forest University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0207ad724"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kripke DF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Klauber MR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laughlin GA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S S Yen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gillin JC"}],"datePublished":"1990-12-01","abstract":"The nocturnal secretion of plasma melatonin was determined under dim to dark conditions in eight patients with prospectively confirmed premenstrual syndrome and in eight age- and menstrual cycle phase-matched normal control subjects. Plasma samples for melatonin were collected every 30 minutes from 6 PM to 9 AM during the early follicular, late follicular, midluteal and late luteal phases of the menstrual cycle. Compared with normal controls, patients with premenstrual syndrome had an earlier (phase-advanced) offset of melatonin secretion, which contributed to a shorter secretion duration and a decreased area under the curve. No statistically significant differences were found between women with premenstrual syndrome and normal controls for melatonin onset or peak concentration, or for estradiol or progesterone levels. The data demonstrate that women with premenstrual syndrome have chronobiological abnormalities of melatonin secretion. The fact that these patients respond to treatments that affect circadian physiology, such as sleep deprivation and phototherapy, suggests that circadian abnormalities may contribute to the pathogenesis of premenstrual syndrome.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"47","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Archives of general psychiatry"}}},"pageStart":"1139","pageEnd":"46","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1990.01810240059010","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46531758"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/archpsyc.1990.01810240059010"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2244799"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46531758"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/early-follicular-phase-follicle-stimulating-hormone-treatment-of-endometrial-lut-rec1tyhowi0zwnssf/","name":"Early follicular phase follicle-stimulating hormone treatment of endometrial luteal phase deficiency","headline":"Early follicular phase follicle-stimulating hormone treatment of endometrial luteal phase deficiency","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/early-follicular-phase-follicle-stimulating-hormone-treatment-of-endometrial-lut-rec1tyhowi0zwnssf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J Balasch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0771-3746","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital Clínic de Barcelona","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02a2kzf50"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Inmaculada C. Jové","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital Clínic de Barcelona","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02a2kzf50"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Manuel Márquez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0889-8647","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital Clínic de Barcelona","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02a2kzf50"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J A Vanrell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital Clínic de Barcelona","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02a2kzf50"}}],"datePublished":"1990-12-01","abstract":"Fifteen infertile women with inadequate luteal phase, histologically documented in at least two separate cycles, and normal midluteal plasma levels of progesterone (greater than or equal to 10 ng/mL), estradiol (70 to 300 pg/mL), and prolactin (less than 20 ng/mL) received \"pure\" follicle-stimulating hormone (pFSH), 150 IU intramuscularly, for 4 days (days 1 to 4 of the cycle). The endometrial defect was corrected in 7 of the 15 (46.7%) patients during the first treated cycle. Hormonal levels were similar in control and treatment cycles. Two of 5 patients with no additional infertility factors except luteal phase deficiency (LPD) became pregnant and carried to term singleton pregnancies. In 5 additional infertile patients with normal luteal function as assessed by endometrial histological study (2 cycles) and hormone measurements (first study cycle), a third biopsy was performed in a consecutive cycle under pFSH administration. In no case was the normal secretory pattern impaired. It is concluded that (1) some forms of LPD may be successfully treated by early follicular pFSH therapy and (2) pFSH does not alter the normal endometrial secretory pattern.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"54","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1004","pageEnd":"1007","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)53995-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68366947"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)53995-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2123158"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68366947"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/human-fertilisation-and-embryology-act-1990-lmwayq0r/","name":"Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 1990","headline":"Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 1990","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/human-fertilisation-and-embryology-act-1990-lmwayq0r/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"United Kingdom Parliament"}],"datePublished":"1990-11-01","abstract":"An Act to make provision in connection with human embryos and any subsequent development of such embryos; to prohibit certain practices in connection with embryos and gametes; to establish a Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority; to make provision about the persons who in certain circumstances are to be treated in law as the parents of a child; and to amend the Surrogacy Arrangements Act 1985. The 1990 Act established the HFEA as the UK's statutory regulator of fertility treatment and human embryo research. It introduced licensing requirements for any clinic offering in vitro fertilisation, donor insemination, embryo storage, or human embryo research. The Act created criminal offences for unlicensed activity and prohibited certain practices including placing a non-human embryo in a woman, keeping or using an embryo after the appearance of the primitive streak (interpreted as 14 days post-fertilisation), and replacing an embryo's nucleus. The HFEA was empowered to keep a register of identifying information about donors, recipients, and people born from licensed treatments, and to issue a Code of Practice. Sections 13 and 14 set out treatment licence conditions including welfare-of-the-child considerations and consent requirements.","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/treatment-of-pulmonary-endometriosis-with-a-longacting-gnrh-agonist-n0rt3jej/","name":"Treatment of pulmonary endometriosis with a long-acting GnRH agonist","headline":"Treatment of pulmonary endometriosis with a long-acting GnRH agonist","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/treatment-of-pulmonary-endometriosis-with-a-longacting-gnrh-agonist-n0rt3jej/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Seltzer VL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Benjamin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ng7yn96"}}],"datePublished":"1990-11-01","abstract":"We report the case of a patient who was successfully treated with a long-acting GnRH agonist for pulmonary endometriosis. This 28-year-old woman had symptomatic pleural endometriosis, documented by biopsies, as well as symptomatic pelvic endometriosis. Two surgical procedures, consisting of excision of pleural endometriotic tissue and partial pleurectomies, failed to relieve her chest symptoms. Little relief was achieved with pseudopregnancy treatment. Satisfactory symptomatic improvement was obtained with danazol, but this medication had to be discontinued because of severe side effects. Trial of a GnRH agonist, leuprolide acetate, achieved complete remission of her chest symptoms; in addition, the patient became pregnant immediately after cessation of therapy. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist therapy may be an important therapeutic alternative for women with pulmonary endometriosis who cannot tolerate danazol treatment and in whom surgical therapy fails to relieve the chest symptoms.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"76","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5 Pt 2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"929","pageEnd":"31","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39514339","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2120647"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39514339"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/current-concepts-of-beta-endorphin-physiology-in-female-reproductive-dysfunction-recmubmm9mv8p2s0o/","name":"Current concepts of beta-endorphin physiology in female reproductive dysfunction","headline":"Current concepts of beta-endorphin physiology in female reproductive dysfunction","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/current-concepts-of-beta-endorphin-physiology-in-female-reproductive-dysfunction-recmubmm9mv8p2s0o/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"D B Seifer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3950-9341","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cleveland Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xjacd83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Edward E. Wallach"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R L Collins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8854-3469","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cleveland Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xjacd83"}}],"datePublished":"1990-11-01","abstract":"beta-Endorphin has a role in the regulation of the normal menstrual cycle and possibly in the onset of puberty. We have reviewed the evidence pointing to an alteration in this neuropeptide that may contribute to the pathogenesis of various reproductive dysfunctions. Elevated or high levels of beta-endorphin have been associated with exercise-associated amenorrhea, stress-associated amenorrhea, and polycystic ovarian syndrome. Depressed or low levels of beta-endorphin have been associated with PMS and menopause. Alterations in the levels of beta-endorphin may change the pulsatile release of GnRH via noradrenergic and/or dopaminergic pathways. We have primarily focused on beta-endorphin as representative of the endogenous opioid peptides, but other opioid peptides may also contribute to the pathogenesis of various types of reproductive dysfunction. Perhaps it will become possible to characterize and hone our understanding of the function of beta-endorphin and the other substances composing the endogenous opioid peptides. A better understanding of their role in physiological as well as pathophysiological processes may allow for the development of rational approaches to the treatment of specific disorders pertaining to reproduction. Many questions remain unanswered. Among the most relevant are: what is the precise mechanism of action by which beta-endorphin exerts its influence on pulsatile GnRH release? Is there a functional relationship between CNS and peripheral (serum) levels of beta-endorphin? Are the detected changes in beta-endorphin levels merely associated, or are they a cause of a particular disorder? Since it took almost 40 years between the time prostaglandins were first discovered and eventual realization of their clinical application, it may take some time before the beta-endorphin story is complete.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"54","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"757","pageEnd":"771","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)53928-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37978016"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)53928-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2226908"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37978016"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/treatment-of-pulmonary-endometriosis-with-a-long-acting-gnrh-agonist-recesfavg1kpztksw/","name":"Treatment of pulmonary endometriosis with a long-acting GnRH agonist","headline":"Treatment of pulmonary endometriosis with a long-acting GnRH agonist","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/treatment-of-pulmonary-endometriosis-with-a-long-acting-gnrh-agonist-recesfavg1kpztksw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Seltzer VL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Benjamin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ng7yn96"}}],"datePublished":"1990-11-01","abstract":"We report the case of a patient who was successfully treated with a long-acting GnRH agonist for pulmonary endometriosis. This 28-year-old woman had symptomatic pleural endometriosis, documented by biopsies, as well as symptomatic pelvic endometriosis. Two surgical procedures, consisting of excision of pleural endometriotic tissue and partial pleurectomies, failed to relieve her chest symptoms. Little relief was achieved with pseudopregnancy treatment. Satisfactory symptomatic improvement was obtained with danazol, but this medication had to be discontinued because of severe side effects. Trial of a GnRH agonist, leuprolide acetate, achieved complete remission of her chest symptoms; in addition, the patient became pregnant immediately after cessation of therapy. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist therapy may be an important therapeutic alternative for women with pulmonary endometriosis who cannot tolerate danazol treatment and in whom surgical therapy fails to relieve the chest symptoms.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"76","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5 Pt 2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"929","pageEnd":"931","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-gnrh-pulse-generator-recf3njrpim8pf6ue/","name":"The GnRH pulse generator","headline":"The GnRH pulse generator","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-gnrh-pulse-generator-recf3njrpim8pf6ue/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E Knobil","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0481e1q24"}}],"datePublished":"1990-11-01","abstract":"The notion of an oscillator or signal generator in the central nervous system that controls the rhythmic release of GnRH and, thereby, the pulsatile secretion of the gonadotropic hormones, originated in the finding of strikingly abrupt and rhythmic fluctuations in the concentration of LH in the plasma of ovariectomized monkeys. These oscillations had a period of about one hour when blood samples were obtained at 10 to 20 minute intervals.I\nThese surprising observations were presaged by reports of seemingly random, major fluctuations in plasma gonadotropin concentrations in gonadectomized monkeys\" and rats as well as in women.' In these earlier studies, the sampling intervals employed were never less than one hour and unable, therefore, to reveal the orderly, rhythmic events that occur with frequencies of one event per hour or more.\nIn the original study describing pulsatile LH secretion in ovariectomized monkeys the possibility was considered that the circhoral discharges of LH may be initiated by autoregulatory mechanisms involving long or short feedback loops, but the more likely view that these discharges were due to intermittent signals from the central nervous system unrelated to circulating LH levels that resulted in putative increments in GnRH release was favored. Nevertheless, the possible role of autoregulatory mechanisms in the control of pulsatile LH secretion was repeatedly considered,6 but finally laid to rest in the relatively recent past.7Conversely, the view that each pulse of LH released from the pituitary gland is the consequence of a bolus of GnRH secreted into the pituitary portal system has been unequivocally upheld by the demonstration of synchronous increments of GnRH assessed in the pituitary portal circulation and of LH measured in samples of peripheral blood obtained simultaneously.s, 9 In any case, the phenomenon of pulsatile gonadotropic hormone secretion was rapidly extended to most vertebrate species studied in this regard, including our own, and forms the basis of an increasingly voluminous, rapidly expanding literature.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"163","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5 Pt 2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1721","pageEnd":"1727","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(90)91435-f","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44905771"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(90)91435-f"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2122728"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44905771"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/spinal-bone-loss-and-ovulatory-disturbances-recnh5ma1f8o3bkbr/","name":"Spinal bone loss and ovulatory disturbances","headline":"Spinal bone loss and ovulatory disturbances","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/spinal-bone-loss-and-ovulatory-disturbances-recnh5ma1f8o3bkbr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M T Schechter","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6063-2155"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A E Burgess"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y M Vigna","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8840-192X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"1990-11-01","abstract":"Background: Osteoporosis develops in women with estrogen deficiency and amenorrhea who lose bone at an accelerated rate. It is not known to what extent bone loss differs between ovulatory women with regular menstrual cycles who are training intensely and those who are sedentary.\n\nMethods: We measured the density of cancellous spinal bone from the 12th thoracic vertebra to the 3rd lumbar vertebra by quantitative computed tomography on two occasions one year apart in 66 premenopausal women 21 to 42 years of age. All the women had two consecutive ovulatory cycles immediately before entering the study. Twenty-one women were training for a marathon, 22 ran regularly but less intensively, and 23 had normal levels of activity. The lengths of the women's menstrual cycles and luteal phases, diet, exercise levels, and hormonal levels were also determined. We defined ovulatory disturbances as anovulatory cycles and cycles with short luteal phases.\n\nResults: The mean (+/- SD) spinal bone density in the 66 women decreased 3.0 +/- 4.8 mg per cubic centimeter per year (2.0 percent per year) (P less than 0.001). Amenorrhea did not develop in any woman during the year of observation (only 2.7 percent of the cycles were greater than 36 days long). Ovulatory disturbances occurred in 29 percent of all cycles, however. Bone loss was strongly associated with these disturbances (r = 0.54, 24 percent of the variance). The 13 women who had anovulatory cycles lost bone mineral at a rate of 6.4 +/- 3.8 mg per cubic centimeter per year (4.2 percent per year). The women training for a marathon had menstrual cycles similar to those of the women in the other two groups.\n\nConclusion: Decreases in spinal bone density among women with differing exercise habits correlated with asymptomatic disturbances of ovulation (without amenorrhea) and not with physical activity.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"323","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"1221","pageEnd":"1227","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199011013231801","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68564219"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJM199011013231801"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2215605"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68564219"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-nosology-and-prognosis-of-puerperal-psychosis-a-review-recwmxdipdtdegnbb/","name":"The nosology and prognosis of puerperal psychosis: a review","headline":"The nosology and prognosis of puerperal psychosis: a review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-nosology-and-prognosis-of-puerperal-psychosis-a-review-recwmxdipdtdegnbb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Patrick D. McGorry","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3789-6168","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","sameAs":"https://ror.org/011kf5r70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Connell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","sameAs":"https://ror.org/011kf5r70"}}],"datePublished":"1990-11-01","abstract":"Functional psychosis in the puerperal period is a dramatic phenomenon that presents a unique set of diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Despite its omission from modern classificatory systems such as DSM-III and DSM-III-R, the concept of puerperal psychosis continues to receive support from clinicians on the basis of the apparently distinctive clinical picture that characterizes psychoses occurring at this time. The range of possible nosological models is considered in light of relevant studies of puerperal illness, and the evidence for and against each model is presented. The question of the prognosis of puerperal psychosis is reviewed and guidelines for its estimation in the individual case proposed. The heuristic importance of puerperal psychosis in terms of basic research and preventive psychiatry is also stressed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"31","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Comprehensive Psychiatry"}}},"pageStart":"519","pageEnd":"534","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-440x(90)90066-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38015397"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0010-440x(90)90066-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2265536"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38015397"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/proximal-fallopian-tube-occlusion-diagnosis-and-treatment-with-transcervical-fal-recyivcv7d2t72kjr/","name":"Proximal fallopian tube occlusion: diagnosis and treatment with transcervical fallopian tube catheterization","headline":"Proximal fallopian tube occlusion: diagnosis and treatment with transcervical fallopian tube catheterization","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/proximal-fallopian-tube-occlusion-diagnosis-and-treatment-with-transcervical-fal-recyivcv7d2t72kjr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J. Durham"},{"@type":"Person","name":"B H Albrecht"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D A Kumpe","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Colorado Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0107w4315"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L J Rothbarth"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S C Zwerdlinger"}],"datePublished":"1990-10-01","abstract":"Transcervical fallopian tube catheterization (TFTC) was performed in 22 infertile patients with bilateral fallopian tube obstruction and a mean duration of infertility of 3.3 years. A high prevalence of previous ectopic pregnancy (n = 8, 36%), tubal ligation and/or reconstruction (n = 5, 23%), spontaneous or therapeutic abortion (n = 6, 27%), and previous intrauterine device use (n = 14, 64%) was noted. The authors successfully catheterized 40 (98%) of 41 tubes without serious complication and visualized the distal tube in 36 (88%) of 41 tubes. Free spill in at least one tube was seen in 17 (77%) of 22 patients. Nineteen patients had a history of previous laparoscopy or laparotomy for tubal disease, in 16 of whom laparoscopic results were available for review. Retrospectively, in 15 (94%) of 16 patients all clinically relevant abnormalities would have been detected by means of TFTC alone. Five patients conceived, three with intrauterine and two with ectopic pregnancies. Patients with intrauterine pregnancies had normal-appearing tubes after TFTC, while those with ectopic pregnancies had residual tubal abnormalities after recanalization. TFTC is a safe, accurate diagnostic procedure that provides more information than hysterosalpingography and, in most cases, as much or more information about the fallopian tubes than laparoscopy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"177","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Radiology"}}},"pageStart":"183","pageEnd":"187","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1148/radiology.177.1.2144651","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37858992"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1148/radiology.177.1.2144651"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2144651"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37858992"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lack-of-association-between-oral-contraceptive-use-and-ulcerative-colitis-recxvetdgkba6igqi/","name":"Lack of association between oral contraceptive use and ulcerative colitis","headline":"Lack of association between oral contraceptive use and ulcerative colitis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lack-of-association-between-oral-contraceptive-use-and-ulcerative-colitis-recxvetdgkba6igqi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S V Kane","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6410-4242","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Chicago Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0076kfe04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S B Hanauer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Chicago Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0076kfe04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B A Lashner","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Chicago Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0076kfe04"}}],"datePublished":"1990-10-01","abstract":"Previous epidemiological studies suggesting an association between oral contraceptive use and ulcerative colitis incidence have been weak and conflicting. To measure a possible association, 46 incident cases of ulcerative colitis patients, women aged 18-50 years, were compared with peer-nominated age-matched and sex-matched controls. There were no differences between case and control patients in demographic characteristics. There was no association between oral contraceptive use and ulcerative colitis (current use: odds ratio 0.70, 95% confidence interval 0.27-1.83; former use: odds ratio 1.14, confidence interval 0.41-3.15; current or former use: odds ratio 0.86, confidence interval 0.40-1.85). Stratifying by disease location (pancolitis or left-sided disease) also failed to identify an association. Controlling for possible confounding effects of cigarette smoking did not alter the lack of association between oral contraceptive use and ulcerative colitis. Similarly, testing for interaction failed to demonstrate any effect modification. Analyzing for duration of current oral contraceptive use or time interval since last use failed to demonstrate a \"dose-response\" effect. The study was of sufficient size to detect statistical significance for oral contraceptive use for odds ratios of 2.8 and higher. In this matched case-control study of incident cases and community controls, there was no association between oral contraceptive use and ulcerative colitis incidence. To date, there is no evidence suggesting that women predisposed to the development of ulcerative colitis should be advised to avoid oral contraceptive use.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"99","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Gastroenterology"}}},"pageStart":"1032","pageEnd":"1036","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-5085(90)90623-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68903817"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0016-5085(90)90623-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2394326"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68903817"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pharmacokinetics-of-oestrogens-and-progestogens-recdnvfhhxjbidb94/","name":"Pharmacokinetics of oestrogens and progestogens","headline":"Pharmacokinetics of oestrogens and progestogens","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pharmacokinetics-of-oestrogens-and-progestogens-recdnvfhhxjbidb94/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"H Kuhl","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Goethe University Frankfurt","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04cvxnb49"}}],"datePublished":"1990-09-01","abstract":"There are large inter- and intra-individual variations in the serum concentrations of natural and synthetic sex steroids irrespective of the route of administration. Oral ingestion of steroids has a stronger effect on hepatic metabolism than parenteral administration, as the local concentration in liver sinusoids are 4-5 times higher during the first liver passage. Oestradiol and oestrone are interconvertible, dependent on the local concentrations in liver and target organs, and oestrone sulphate serves as a large reservoir. The oestrone/oestradiol ratio has no physiological significance, as oestrone is only a weak oestrogen. Oestrone is both a precursor and a metabolite of oestradiol. Oestriol is extensively conjugated after oral administration. Therefore, the oestriol serum levels are similar after oral intake of 10 mg and after vaginal application of 0.5 mg oestriol resulting in similar systemic effectiveness. Conjugated oestrogens can easily enter the hepatocytes but are hormonally active only after hydrolyzation into the parent steroids. Ethinylestradiol which exerts strong effects on hepatic metabolism and inhibits metabolizing enzymes, should not be used for hormone replacement therapy. Among the progestogens, the progesterone derivatives have less effects on liver metabolism than the norethisterone derivatives (13-methyl-gonanes and 13-ethyl-gonanes). The highly potent 13-ethyl-gonanes are effective at very low doses, because of a slow inactivation and elimination rate due to the ethinyl group.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Maturitas"}}},"pageStart":"171","pageEnd":"197","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-5122(90)90003-o","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37894898"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0378-5122(90)90003-o"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2170822"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37894898"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mechanisms-of-filtration-of-morphologically-abnormal-human-sperm-by-cervical-muc-recieuzsfuwbrljiz/","name":"Mechanisms of filtration of morphologically abnormal human sperm by cervical mucus","headline":"Mechanisms of filtration of morphologically abnormal human sperm by cervical mucus","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mechanisms-of-filtration-of-morphologically-abnormal-human-sperm-by-cervical-muc-recieuzsfuwbrljiz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"David F. Katz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1440-8416","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Davis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Morales","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7290-7029","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Samuels"},{"@type":"Person","name":"James W Overstreet","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Davis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69"}}],"datePublished":"1990-09-01","abstract":"It is well known that cervical mucus restricts penetration of morphologically abnormal human sperm, both in vitro and in vivo. However, the mechanisms of such restriction are not well understood. Using videomicrography to simultaneously analyze the motions and morphology of individual human sperm, we analyzed differential penetration of normal and abnormal sperm into fresh human cervical mucus. Abnormal sperm swam slower in mucus than the normal sperm, but their flagellar beat parameters were not commensurately different. Multivariate statistical analysis of the relationship between individual sperm velocity and flagellar beat parameters indicated that the heads of the abnormal sperm experienced greater resistance from the mucus than did normal heads. Differential mucus resistance, more than altered motile vigor, appears to be responsible for the restriction of abnormal sperm during migration through mucus.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"54","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"513","pageEnd":"516","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46372560","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2397794"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46372560"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/uterine-insulin-like-growth-factor-1-regulation-of-expression-and-its-role-in-es-rec5lijn0nu0azlg2/","name":"Uterine insulin-like growth factor-1: regulation of expression and its role in estrogen-induced uterine proliferation","headline":"Uterine insulin-like growth factor-1: regulation of expression and its role in estrogen-induced uterine proliferation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/uterine-insulin-like-growth-factor-1-regulation-of-expression-and-its-role-in-es-rec5lijn0nu0azlg2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A Ghahary","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6108-7686","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Manitoba","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02gfys938"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laura Murphy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3011-4581","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tennessee Health Science Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0011qv509"}}],"datePublished":"1990-08-01","abstract":"THE response of the uterus to estrogen is a complexphenomenon involving numerous biochemical events (1). The most dramatic outcome of estrogenization of the immature uterus is the proliferation of various cell types. It is customary to divide the response of the uterus to estrogen into two major temporal phases. In the early phase, within the first 4 h after estrogen administration, there is an increase in uterine wet weight (2), glucose metabolism (3), histamine depletion (4), and RNA polymerase activity (5). One of the early events that is likely to be important in the proliferative response of the uterus to estrogen is activation of protooncogenes which encode nuclear regulatory proteins (6–8) and the enhanced expression of growth factors and their receptors (9) and cAMP-independent protein kinase (10). The intermediate and late phase (4–48 h after estrogen) responses include increases in protein and RNA synthesis and an increase in uterine dry weight and DNA content (11, 12).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Endocrine Reviews"}}},"pageStart":"443","pageEnd":"453","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/edrv-11-3-443","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37977467"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/edrv-11-3-443"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2226350"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37977467"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ineffectiveness-of-progesterone-suppository-treatment-for-premenstrual-syndrome-rectsogm8dthrw6aa/","name":"Ineffectiveness of progesterone suppository treatment for premenstrual syndrome","headline":"Ineffectiveness of progesterone suppository treatment for premenstrual syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ineffectiveness-of-progesterone-suppository-treatment-for-premenstrual-syndrome-rectsogm8dthrw6aa/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Freeman E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rickels K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sondheimer SJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Polansky M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"E W Freeman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9210-1063","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pennsylvania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10"}}],"datePublished":"1990-07-18","abstract":"Progesterone is the most widely used treatment for premenstrual syndrome. To answer definitely the question of whether progesterone suppositories are effective for the treatment of premenstrual syndrome, a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind crossover study of 168 women, receiving progesterone in doses of 400 and 800 mg or placebo, was carried out. Premenstrual symptoms were not significantly improved by progesterone compared with placebo in any measure used in the study, including daily symptom reports maintained throughout treatment, clinician evaluation of improvement, and patient global reports of symptoms severity, relief, and disruption of daily activity. No symptom cluster or individual symptom differed significantly between progesterone and placebo treatment. These treatment results were not significantly affected by fluctuations in response during the placebo washout period, pretreatment levels of depression or anxiety at either postmenstrual or premenstrual times, or any of 19 other background, medical history, or symptom variables examined individually as covariates with treatment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"264","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA"}}},"pageStart":"349","pageEnd":"353","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diagnosis-and-treatment-of-premenstrual-syndrome-rech4ajoattsnixho/","name":"Diagnosis and treatment of premenstrual syndrome","headline":"Diagnosis and treatment of premenstrual syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diagnosis-and-treatment-of-premenstrual-syndrome-rech4ajoattsnixho/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Paul G. McDonough"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G E Abraham"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J T Hargrove","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74"}}],"datePublished":"1990-07-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"54","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"178","pageEnd":"179","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)53661-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68825535"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)53661-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2358087"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68825535"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mollicutes-in-male-infertility-is-antibiotic-therapy-indicated-recqstytmlrljfejx/","name":"Mollicutes in male infertility: is antibiotic therapy indicated?","headline":"Mollicutes in male infertility: is antibiotic therapy indicated?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mollicutes-in-male-infertility-is-antibiotic-therapy-indicated-recqstytmlrljfejx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hein R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Schill WB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Concha M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6614-529X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Concepción"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Raul Sanchez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9400-1685","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad de La Frontera","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04v0snf24"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wolf-Bernhard Schill","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Giessen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/033eqas34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}}],"datePublished":"1990-07-01","abstract":"Mollicutes are frequently isolated from sperma of infertile men. The potential effect on the fertility of mollicute infection is controversial as is antibiotic therapy. In our andrological patients, the prevalence of mollicutes is approximately 10%. To evaluate the benefit of antibiotic therapy, we investigated two groups of patients: group 1-patients with positive or negative mollicute cultures and normal spermiogram; morphological changes on spermatozoa were particularly evaluated (n = 40); group 2 - patients with positive mollicute cultures treated with doxycycline or erythromycin. Sperm parameters were analysed before and after treatment (n = 20). When infected and non-infected sperma from group 1 were compared, the only difference found was an alteration of the sperm tail (p less than 0.005). Light microscopy and electron microscopy (EM) often revealed coiled tails which were probably due to adhesion of mollicutes (EM). The most frequently observed pathology in group 2 was found in patients with teratoasthenozoospermia. Compared with the post-therapy spermiogram, a significant difference was only observed in spermatozoal morphology (p less than 0.005). Therefore, we conclude that mollicutes produce important alterations in the human spermatozoal morphology, especially in the tail which appears in a spiral form. Since teratozoospermia is considered to be an important factor of infertility in man, antibiotic therapy is recommended in cases of mollicute involvement.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Andrologia"}}},"pageStart":"355","pageEnd":"360","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/variability-of-serum-prolactin-and-progesterone-levels-in-normal-women-the-relev-recfagmmsqrxlv2qi/","name":"Variability of serum prolactin and progesterone levels in normal women: the relevance of single hormone measurements in the clinical setting","headline":"Variability of serum prolactin and progesterone levels in normal women: the relevance of single hormone measurements in the clinical setting","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/variability-of-serum-prolactin-and-progesterone-levels-in-normal-women-the-relev-recfagmmsqrxlv2qi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"D K Clifton","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wbzw723"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N L Cohen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5967-2037","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wbzw723"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Victor Y Fujimoto","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M R Soules","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}}],"datePublished":"1990-07-01","abstract":"In order to delineate factors contributing to variation in hormone levels, progesterone and prolactin (PRL) levels from 28 normal women, obtained daily during one menstrual cycle and every 20 minutes during a midluteal 24-hour admission in a subgroup of five subjects, provided a data base for analysis of these variables. Pulsatile analysis of the 24-hour data was conducted using an adaptive-threshold algorithm, and normal reference ranges were generated from randomly selected daily hormone values. Our data verify that inherent variation can significantly alter single random serum levels of reproductive hormones. These variations included menstrual cycle day, circadian influence, pulsatile secretion, assay error, and biologic heterogeneity. Besides the expected day-to-day change in progesterone levels during the luteal phase, seven of ten women exhibited a significant circadian variation in progesterone; however, the time of day of the peak level was not consistent among women. Prolactin levels did not demonstrate any clinically relevant change over the menstrual cycle, but did have a consistent circadian pattern (nocturnal rise) over the 24-hour study period. Pulsatile variation occurred in both progesterone and PRL levels during the 24-hour admission. Five different reference ranges were generated from randomly selected single daily values from the 28 normal menstrual cycles. Although the mean levels calculated for each reference range were similar, the reference ranges demonstrated considerable variation due to the random sampling. In the five progesterone reference ranges, the lower limit of the range varied from 2.7-6.1 ng/mL, whereas the upper limit varied from 24.2-42.1 ng/mL.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"76","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"71","pageEnd":"78","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/inspection-of-the-ovaries-and-steroids-in-serum-and-peritoneal-fluid-at-various--recjlfmbtky6iqqtz/","name":"Inspection of the ovaries and steroids in serum and peritoneal fluid at various time intervals after ovulation in fertile women: implications for the luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome","headline":"Inspection of the ovaries and steroids in serum and peritoneal fluid at various time intervals after ovulation in fertile women: implications for the luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/inspection-of-the-ovaries-and-steroids-in-serum-and-peritoneal-fluid-at-various--recjlfmbtky6iqqtz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"te Velde ER"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jan A.M. Kremer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0495-0201","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Groningen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012p63287"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Kremer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9771-5464"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eduard Scheenjes","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00q6h8f30"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E R te Velde","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Groningen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012p63287"}}],"datePublished":"1990-07-01","abstract":"In 20 fertile women one menstrual cycle was monitored by ovarian ultrasonography, laparoscopy, and estimation of 17 beta-estradiol (E2) and progesterone levels in serum and peritoneal fluid (PF). Three groups were studied, performing the laparoscopy within 1, 3, and 5 days after ovulation. The results indicate that the opening in the corpus luteum remains at least during the first 1.5 postovulatory days. The process of the closure starts thereafter and has been accomplished 4 to 5 days after ovulation. Progesterone and E2 levels in PF follow a similar pattern, showing high levels in the first, decreasing levels in the second, and low levels in the last laparoscopy groups. Therefore the significance of inspection of the ovaries and hormone level estimation in PF depend on the timing of the laparoscopy in relation to the moment of ovulation, especially in the first 5 postovulatory days.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"54","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"38","pageEnd":"41","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)53633-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54093604"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)53633-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2358091"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q54093604"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/uterine-activity-compared-with-symptomatology-in-the-detection-of-preterm-labor-recld1tc6a0eqgczp/","name":"Uterine activity compared with symptomatology in the detection of preterm labor","headline":"Uterine activity compared with symptomatology in the detection of preterm labor","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/uterine-activity-compared-with-symptomatology-in-the-detection-of-preterm-labor-recld1tc6a0eqgczp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Martin RW"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gookin KS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hill WC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fleming AD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lake MF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Watson DL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Welch RA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bentley DL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"John C. Morrison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3048-6470","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R A Knuppel","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57"}}],"datePublished":"1990-07-01","abstract":"The relative contribution of uterine activity obtained by home monitoring with a guard ring tocodynamometer compared with seven specific signs and symptoms reported during patient/nurse contact as an aid in detecting preterm labor has not been studied. In this prospective, multicenter study, patients at risk for developing early labor who were randomized to receive home uterine activity monitoring and perinatal nursing support were assessed. The initiator of provider contact (uterine activity detected on routine transmission, patient-perceived signs and symptoms of preterm labor during perinatal nurse contact, or both) resulting in a diagnosis of preterm labor was recorded. Contraction data were then analyzed for an association with preterm labor. There was a strong association of increased uterine activity (four or more contractions per hour) on a repeat monitoring strip with preterm labor (P less than .001). Among patients diagnosed with preterm labor, 31% had increased uterine activity detected on a routine transmission without patient-reported signs and symptoms, compared with 24% who were diagnosed as the result of patient-reported symptoms without increased uterine activity. Daily objective uterine activity data alone have greater incremental value over and above other signs and symptoms as an aid to the physician in diagnosing preterm labor.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"76","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1 Suppl","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"19S-23S","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteal-cysts-and-unexplained-infertility-biochemical-and-ultrasonic-evaluation-rec2aerwajptirw2c/","name":"Luteal cysts and unexplained infertility: biochemical and ultrasonic evaluation","headline":"Luteal cysts and unexplained infertility: biochemical and ultrasonic evaluation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteal-cysts-and-unexplained-infertility-biochemical-and-ultrasonic-evaluation-rec2aerwajptirw2c/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hamilton MP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Coutts JR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M. C. Macnaughton","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of St Andrews","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02wn5qz54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Whitfield CR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fleming R","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7524-8623"}],"datePublished":"1990-07-01","abstract":"A prospective, controlled study of ovarian function using ovarian ultrasound and daily plasma hormone estimations (estradiol, progesterone [P], follicle-stimulating hormone [FSH], luteinizing hormone [LH]) was carried out on 175 spontaneously cycling patients with unexplained infertility. Forty-one (23.4%) demonstrated luteal phase cyst formation. In 21 cycles the dominant follicle reduced in size after the LH peak (cystic corpus luteum cycles), and in 20 no shrinkage was seen (luteinized unruptured follicles). Progesterone concentrations in the early luteal phase were significantly reduced in the luteinized unruptured follicle cycles. Elevation in plasma FSH was seen in the early follicular and luteal phases of both cyst forming groups and may be due to disturbances in ovarian metabolism. Follicular rupture is important for efficient P release by the corpus luteum.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"54","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"32","pageEnd":"37","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/malignant-neoplasms-arising-in-endometriosis-rectxfkfhhe4k0udt/","name":"Malignant neoplasms arising in endometriosis","headline":"Malignant neoplasms arising in endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/malignant-neoplasms-arising-in-endometriosis-rectxfkfhhe4k0udt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Heaps JM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nieberg RK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Berek JS"}],"datePublished":"1990-06-01","abstract":"Ten cases of malignant tumors arising in foci of gonadal and extragonadal endometriosis are reported and added to 195 previously reported cases from the English literature. The ovary was the primary site in 165 (78.7%) of the cases, whereas extragonadal sites represented 44 (21.3%). Endometrioid adenocarcinomas accounted for 69% of the lesions, clear-cell carcinomas 13.5%, sarcomas 11.6%, and rare cell types 6%. Extragonadal lesions were mostly endometrioid tumors (66%) and sarcomas (25%). Tumors arising in endometriosis were predominantly low grade and confined to the site of origin. Radiation therapy was often able to control completely tumors limited to the pelvis, but was not beneficial in metastatic disease. Only one patient had a response to chemotherapy. Fourteen patients received postoperative progestin therapy, with a 77% 5-year survival. Follow-up has been reported in 86 patients. The tumor was either confined to the ovary (57), confined to the extragonadal site of origin (11), or spread throughout the peritoneal cavity (18). With each of these situations, the 5-year survival was 65, 100, and 10%, respectively. Fourteen patients had malignant transformation in endometriosis associated with presumed estrogenic stimulation; most lesions (69%) were well differentiated and the 5-year survival was 82%. After surgical resection, we recommend that progestin therapy be included in the treatment of cancer arising in endometriosis. The actual frequency of malignancy arising in endometriosis may be higher than reported.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"75","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1023","pageEnd":"1028","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/determination-of-luteal-phase-length-by-quantitative-basal-temperature-methods-v-rec79ltr0dfvfppce/","name":"Determination of luteal phase length by quantitative basal temperature methods: validation against the midcycle LH peak","headline":"Determination of luteal phase length by quantitative basal temperature methods: validation against the midcycle LH peak","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/determination-of-luteal-phase-length-by-quantitative-basal-temperature-methods-v-rec79ltr0dfvfppce/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A. Bonen"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J E Hall","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4644-3061","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Salk Institute for Biological Studies","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xez1567"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Schulzer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y M Vigna","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8840-192X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"1990-06-01","abstract":"Basal temperature data are known to provide unreliable assessments of luteal phase length when they are evaluated by qualitative, visual-pattern methods. This study of 24 cycles in 24 women compared the serum LH peak day with the luteal phase onset day determined by three quantitative basal temperature methods: a) a new computerized least mean square method developed by the authors; b) the mean temperature method reported by Vollman; and c) a computerized version of the World Health Organization cumulative sum method of Royston. The luteal phase onset day determined by the three quantitative basal temperature methods, (a, b, and c) correlated well with the midcycle LH peak (r = 0.879, 0.891, and 0.791, respectively, all p less than 0.001). The cumulative sum method, however, was only able to analyze 19/24 cycles. The mean delay between the LH peak day and the luteal phase onset day determined by thermal shift was 2.4 +/- 1.5, 2.7 +/- 1.4, and 4.1 +/- 2.0 d (mean +/- SD), respectively. The mean temperature method, but not the other two methods, showed an increasing delay between the LH peak day and the thermal shift day with longer follicular phase lengths. Rectal and oral temperature data from the same cycle give identical luteal onset days when analyzed by the least mean square and mean temperature methods, but discrepant days by the cumulative sum analysis. The least mean square technique is a reliable and precise method for population documentation of luteal phase lengths.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical and investigative medicine. Medecine clinique et experimentale"}}},"pageStart":"123","pageEnd":"131","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68840923","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2364587"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68840923"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/myomectomy-as-a-reproductive-procedure-recqxq9rewjphran7/","name":"Myomectomy as a reproductive procedure","headline":"Myomectomy as a reproductive procedure","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/myomectomy-as-a-reproductive-procedure-recqxq9rewjphran7/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Dawn Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2056-2196"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J K Uhlir","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Swedish Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f5bva59"}}],"datePublished":"1990-06-01","abstract":"This series of 64 myomectomies describes the indications, technique, and efficacy of the procedure; the majority of operations were performed on large multinodular uteri. Indications included enlarging pelvic mass, menorrhagia, anemia, and pregnancy wastage in women who wished to preserve reproductive capability. Although infertility was not the primary indication in any case, 32 patients were nulligravid. Only 10 patients were parous and 14 had a history of spontaneous abortion or pregnancy wastage. The average age of the patients was 35.8 years (range, 27 to 47 years). There were no major complications and no patients received blood transfusions. Follow-up revealed three patients with recurrent tumors necessitating repeat procedures. Successful pregnancies have occurred in 40% of those attempting pregnancy. It is concluded that successful myomectomy can be performed in most patients regardless of uterine size, thereby preserving reproductive potential.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"162","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1476","pageEnd":"1482","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(90)90909-q","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68831480"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(90)90909-q"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2360579"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68831480"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-alabama-preterm-birth-prevention-project-recqhjxnenywluc80/","name":"The Alabama preterm birth prevention project","headline":"The Alabama preterm birth prevention project","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-alabama-preterm-birth-prevention-project-recqhjxnenywluc80/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Davis RO"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Corliss DK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrews JB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carpenter AH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R L Copper","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alabama","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xrrjk67"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R L Goldenberg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1283-8340","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008s83205"}}],"datePublished":"1990-06-01","abstract":"A preterm birth prevention program consisting of risk scoring, intensive weekly observation including cervical examinations, and detailed education about preterm labor signs and symptoms was tested in a predominantly black, indigent population. One thousand high-risk women were randomized to treatment or control groups. Although more preterm labor was diagnosed and treated in the treatment group, there were no significant differences between the groups with respect to mean birth weight or gestational age, spontaneous preterm delivery rates, or low or very low birth weight rates. The rates of respiratory distress syndrome and fetal and neonatal mortality, although greater in the treatment group, were not statistically different. However, the treatment-group infants had significantly more intracranial hemorrhages and spent more days on ventilators. At this institution, the preterm birth prevention program was not effective.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"75","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"933","pageEnd":"939","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/complications-of-pregnancy-in-infertile-couples-routine-treatment-versus-assiste-recihy9kbczwevzlv/","name":"Complications of pregnancy in infertile couples: routine treatment versus assisted reproduction","headline":"Complications of pregnancy in infertile couples: routine treatment versus assisted reproduction","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/complications-of-pregnancy-in-infertile-couples-routine-treatment-versus-assiste-recihy9kbczwevzlv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bryan S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Herbert CM 3rd"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shah DM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G A Hill","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A C Wentz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74"}}],"datePublished":"1990-05-01","abstract":"Ninety pregnancies conceived by infertile couples using assisted reproductive technologies and 86 pregnancies conceived by infertile couples with routine infertility treatment were analyzed to determine the outcome of and the complications experienced during the pregnancies. Pregnancies ending after 24 weeks' gestation were evaluated for the following complications: pregnancy-induced hypertension, diabetes mellitus, preterm labor, premature rupture of membranes, placenta previa, and fetal growth retardation. A matched control group of normal fertile patients admitted to the obstetric service at Vanderbilt University Medical Center was used to compare the incidence of pregnancy complications among the groups. In the group treated by assisted reproduction, 81 pregnancies were singleton and nine were multiple gestations, whereas in the routine group, 84 were singleton and two were multiple gestations. In the group treated by assisted reproduction, 29 of 90 gestations (32%) ended before 24 weeks, compared with 18 of 86 (21%) in the routine group, a nonsignificant difference. Mean birth weight and gestational age were similar among the three groups for singleton gestations. Among multiple gestations, the mean (+/- standard error of the mean [SEM]) birth weights were 2513 +/- 115, 724 +/- 57, and 2282 +/- 132 g in the group treated by assisted reproduction, the group receiving routine methods, and the control group, respectively (P less than .001 when those treated by routine methods were compared with the other two groups). The mean (+/- SEM) gestational ages were 36 +/- 1.2, 26.5 +/- 2.0, and 35.5 +/- 1.2 weeks, respectively (P less than .01 comparing those treated by routine methods and the other two groups).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"75","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"790","pageEnd":"794","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/methods-used-to-self-predict-ovulation-a-comparative-study-rec3mueltfcyadpxn/","name":"Methods used to self-predict ovulation. A comparative study","headline":"Methods used to self-predict ovulation. A comparative study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/methods-used-to-self-predict-ovulation-a-comparative-study-rec3mueltfcyadpxn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}}],"datePublished":"1990-05-01","abstract":"Time of ovulation as detected by a self-test of luteinizing hormone (LH) in the urine was compared with time of ovulation as detected by self-observation of cervical mucus. Twenty regularly cycling women monitored their cervical mucus and urine LH for two complete menstrual cycles. Of the cycles that had an LH surge, 100% were on the peak day of cervical mucus or within three days before the peak day. Self-observation of cervical mucus, therefore, can be an accurate method of determining optimal fertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Neonatal Nursing : JOGNN"}}},"pageStart":"233","pageEnd":"237","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.1990.tb01642.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68827481"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1552-6909.1990.tb01642.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2358920"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68827481"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/plasma-glucose-and-insulin-levels-during-the-menstrual-cycles-of-normal-women-an-reckeuilzrx70dytj/","name":"Plasma glucose and insulin levels during the menstrual cycles of normal women and premenstrual syndrome patients","headline":"Plasma glucose and insulin levels during the menstrual cycles of normal women and premenstrual syndrome patients","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/plasma-glucose-and-insulin-levels-during-the-menstrual-cycles-of-normal-women-an-reckeuilzrx70dytj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"William N. Spellacy","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Chicago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ellingson AB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Keith G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Firyal S. Khan‐Dawood","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Chicago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John C.M. Tsibris","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6725-2734","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Chicago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41"}}],"datePublished":"1990-05-01","abstract":"Three-hour oral glucose tolerance tests were performed on days 5 and 25 of ovulatory menstrual cycles in 26 women. The women were divided into normal (n = 9) and premenstrual syndrome (PMS) (n = 17) categories. Ovulation was confirmed by basal body temperature records and plasma progesterone levels. There were no statistically significant changes in the plasma glucose or insulin levels between the two tests in either group. Except for a higher two-hour plasma insulin concentration on the day 5 test in normal women, no statistically significant carbohydrate differences were noted between the groups. The data suggest that alterations in carbohydrate metabolism are not important in PMS.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"35","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"508","pageEnd":"511","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/early-signs-and-symptoms-of-preterm-labor-recoc57dwu9nbpwki/","name":"Early signs and symptoms of preterm labor","headline":"Early signs and symptoms of preterm labor","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/early-signs-and-symptoms-of-preterm-labor-recoc57dwu9nbpwki/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R K Creasy","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03hwe2705"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Goodyear","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03hwe2705"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Katz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9817-4839","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57"}}],"datePublished":"1990-05-01","abstract":"Patient and staff education concerning the subtle signs and symptoms that precede a clinical diagnosis of preterm labor have not been well established. Therefore we interviewed 100 patients for the presence or absence of various symptoms and signs during the 7 days preceding diagnosis of preterm labor. An additional 100 patients without preterm labor matched for gestation were chosen at random as control subjects. A history of increased uterine contractions, menstrual cramps, constant backache, constant pelvic pressure, increased amount and consistency and color change of vaginal discharge, and increased frequency of urination were present with a statistically significant higher frequency in patients with preterm labor compared with controls. Twenty-nine percent of patients did not report any uterine contractions and only half described them as painful. Fewer than 50% of the women reported contractions as frequently as every 10 minutes or more.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"162","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1150","pageEnd":"1153","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(90)90004-q","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44480522"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(90)90004-q"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2140235"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44480522"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-as-a-bone-trophic-hormone-recruefm8h1bk20ub/","name":"Progesterone as a bone-trophic hormone","headline":"Progesterone as a bone-trophic hormone","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-as-a-bone-trophic-hormone-recruefm8h1bk20ub/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"1990-05-01","abstract":"Experimental, epidemiological, and clinical data indicate that progesterone is active in bone metabolism. Progesterone appears to act directly on bone by engaging an osteoblast receptor or indirectly through competition for a glucocorticoid osteoblast receptor. Progesterone seems to promote bone formation and/or increase bone turnover. It is possible, through estrogen-stimulated increased progesterone binding to the osteoblast receptor, that progesterone plays a role in the coupling of bone resorption with bone formation. A model of the interdependent actions of progesterone and estrogen on appropriately-\"ready\" cells in each bone multicellular unit can be tied into the integrated secretions of these hormones within the ovulatory cycle. Figure 5 is an illustration of this concept. It shows the phases of the bone remodeling cycle in parallel with temporal changes in gonadal steroids across a stylized ovulatory cycle. Increasing estrogen production before ovulation may reverse the resorption occurring in a \"sensitive\" bone multicellular unit while gonadal steroid levels are low at the time of menstrual flow. The bone remodeling unit would then be ready to begin a phase of formation as progesterone levels peaked in the midluteal phase. From this perspective, the normal ovulatory cycle looks like a natural bone-activating, coherence cycle. Critical analysis of the reviewed data indicate that progesterone meets the necessary criteria to play a causal role in mineral metabolism. This review provides the preliminary basis for further molecular, genetic, experimental, and clinical investigation of the role(s) of progesterone in bone remodeling. Much further data are needed about the interrelationships between gonadal steroids and the \"life cycle\" of bone. Feldman et al., however, may have been prophetic when he commented; \"If this anti-glucocorticoid effect of progesterone also holds true in bone, then postmenopausal osteoporosis may be, in part, a progesterone deficiency disease.\"","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Endocrine Reviews"}}},"pageStart":"386","pageEnd":"398","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/edrv-11-2-386","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37938864"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/edrv-11-2-386"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2194787"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37938864"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lets-get-rid-of-the-term-braxton-hicks-contractions-recw6fj3xmfvxtznu/","name":"Let's get rid of the term \"Braxton Hicks contractions\"","headline":"Let's get rid of the term \"Braxton Hicks contractions\"","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lets-get-rid-of-the-term-braxton-hicks-contractions-recw6fj3xmfvxtznu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hill WC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lambertz EL"}],"datePublished":"1990-04-01","abstract":"The early detection of preterm labor and the prevention of preterm birth require special attention to early subtle signs and symptoms of preterm labor. The concept of \"Braxton Hicks contractions\" may negate these early signs and symptoms by falsely reassuring patients, thus encouraging them not to seek medical care promptly.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"75","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"709","pageEnd":"710","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pharmacokinetics-of-estrogen-recarij2ujsfn7p4d/","name":"Pharmacokinetics of estrogen","headline":"Pharmacokinetics of estrogen","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pharmacokinetics-of-estrogen-recarij2ujsfn7p4d/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"PG Stumpf","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johnson University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04dpnfr42"}}],"datePublished":"1990-04-01","abstract":"The main types of pharmacologic therapy used to treat the hormone deficiency of menopause are parenteral and oral administrations of estrogen. Parenteral administration results in predictable absorption without major intermediary metabolism, whereas all oral estrogens are subject to intestinal metabolism before entering the systemic circulation. Various options are available. Injectable estrogens, because of rapid absorption and metabolism, are impractical for long-term replacement therapy. The primary drawback to subcutaneous estradiol pellets is the surgical procedure required for their insertion and removal. Vaginal epithelium is an effective pathway for absorption of estrogen given by solution, tablet, or cream, although only the latter is currently approved for clinical use; relatively constant serum levels of estradiol can be obtained with vaginal rings. Transdermal patches provide controlled hormone levels for up to 3.5 days. Although oral conjugated equine estrogens have been used extensively, they introduce types of estrogen, such as equilin, that are not naturally found in humans and that can produce a pronounced hepatic response. Micronized estradiol, oral estrone, and other estrogens have been used as alternatives to equine estrogens. Clinicians should understand the pharmacokinetics of the various options for replacement therapy and select a course of treatment that is safe, effective, and convenient for the patient.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"75","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4 Suppl","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"9S-17S","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7292(90)90536-t","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37907379"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0020-7292(90)90536-t"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2179793"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37907379"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/selective-osteal-salpingography-and-transvaginal-catheter-dilatation-in-the-diag-reclo9zrwpty6yupy/","name":"Selective osteal salpingography and transvaginal catheter dilatation in the diagnosis and treatment of fallopian tube obstruction","headline":"Selective osteal salpingography and transvaginal catheter dilatation in the diagnosis and treatment of fallopian tube obstruction","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/selective-osteal-salpingography-and-transvaginal-catheter-dilatation-in-the-diag-reclo9zrwpty6yupy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Dunaway HE Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Herbert E. Dunaway"},{"@type":"Person","name":"E K Lang","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Medical Center New Orleans","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02zrb2v54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W E Roniger"}],"datePublished":"1990-04-01","abstract":"Selective salpingography and transvaginal catheter dilatation were performed in 157 women with infertility to diagnose, localize, and classify obstructive diseases of the fallopian tubes and to correct obstruction of the proximal (uterine-end) tube. In 61 (39%) of the patients, the selective salpingograms showed patent tubes despite the fact that two previous hysterosalpingograms showed obstruction of the proximal (uterine-end) tube. Transvaginal catheter dilatation successfully recanalized the proximal portion of the tubes in 79 (82%) of 96 patients with obstructed tubes. In 18 of 25 with successful transvaginal catheter dilatation and 6-month follow-up salpingography, the tubes remained patent. Coexisting disease of the distal (ovarian-end) tubes was diagnosed in 29 (18%) of the patients. Pregnancy was achieved in 11 of the 157 patients (six in whom obstructions were corrected by transvaginal catheter dilatation and five in whom selective salpingograms showed patent tubes). There were no complications due to the procedure. The excellent diagnostic and therapeutic yield, lack of complications, and low cost justify the use of these percutaneous techniques to investigate female infertility and to treat obstruction of the uterine end of the fallopian tube.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"154","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology"}}},"pageStart":"735","pageEnd":"740","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.2214/ajr.154.4.2107667","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34149783"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2214/ajr.154.4.2107667"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2107667"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34149783"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteal-support-after-luteinizing-hormone-releasing-hormone-agonist-for-in-vitro--recwcouhcasnyrwny/","name":"Luteal support after luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist for in vitro fertilization: superiority of human chorionic gonadotropin over oral progesterone","headline":"Luteal support after luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist for in vitro fertilization: superiority of human chorionic gonadotropin over oral progesterone","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteal-support-after-luteinizing-hormone-releasing-hormone-agonist-for-in-vitro--recwcouhcasnyrwny/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Irène Buvat","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7053-6471","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Association pour l'Utilisation du Rein Artificiel dans la région Lyonnaise","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0157ce014"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean-Claude Herbaut","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Association pour l'Utilisation du Rein Artificiel","sameAs":"https://ror.org/054wms778"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean-Luc Dehaene","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Association pour l'Utilisation du Rein Artificiel","sameAs":"https://ror.org/054wms778"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Buvat","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Association pour l'Etude de la Pathologie de l'Appareil Reproducteur et de la Psychosomatique, Lille, France."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Guittard","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Association pour l'Utilisation du Rein Artificiel","sameAs":"https://ror.org/054wms778"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A L Louvet","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Association pour l'Utilisation du Rein Artificiel","sameAs":"https://ror.org/054wms778"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Marcolin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Association pour l'Utilisation du Rein Artificiel","sameAs":"https://ror.org/054wms778"}}],"datePublished":"1990-03-01","abstract":"It has been reported that the pregnancy rate after in vitro fertilization (IVF) after pituitary desensitization with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist (LH-RH-a) is twice as low if the luteal phase is not supported. We therefore tested the respective advantages of luteal support using human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG, 1,500 IU three times) and progesterone (P, micronized, oral administration, 400 mg/d) after 171 embryo transfers (ET) in which the cycle was stimulated with the LH-RH-a triptoreline. The type of luteal phase support was randomly selected except when the estradiol level exceeded 2,700 pg/mL. The clinical pregnancy rate and the ongoing pregnancy rate were significantly higher using hCG (after the transfer of 3 embryos, 45% and 43% with hCG versus 23% and 17% with P). The same results were noted for the embryo implantation rate per ET (19% of embryos are viable after 6 months of pregnancy after hCG versus 7.5% after P). Adequate luteal support, therefore, significantly improves the results of IVF when LH-RH-a are used. The poor results obtained with P in this study might be related to its poor bioavailability after oral administration.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"53","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"490","pageEnd":"494","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)53346-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68931662"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)53346-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2407565"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68931662"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/an-analysis-of-antenatal-tests-to-detect-infection-in-preterm-premature-rupture--recbvasbpdigcsbyo/","name":"An analysis of antenatal tests to detect infection in preterm premature rupture of the membranes","headline":"An analysis of antenatal tests to detect infection in preterm premature rupture of the membranes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/an-analysis-of-antenatal-tests-to-detect-infection-in-preterm-premature-rupture--recbvasbpdigcsbyo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A Ohlsson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6848-5169","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Biotech (Canada)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01k458340"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2800-0382","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital for Sick Children","sameAs":"https://ror.org/057q4rt57"}}],"datePublished":"1990-03-01","abstract":"The purpose of this study was to critically review published studies regarding sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of antenatal tests to diagnose chorioamnionitis or fetal-neonatal sepsis in preterm premature rupture of the membranes. A Medline Data-Base computer program search from 1980 to 1988 identified 39 studies, 23 of which were accepted after independent review with preset criteria. An ideal test to predict chorioamnionitis or neonatal sepsis was not found. The low success rate for amniocentesis and the need for repeat taps preclude the acceptance of tests on the basis of amniotic fluid. Single, small studies, the precision of which has never been tested, show good indices for repeatedly increased serum levels of C-reactive protein (greater than 20 mg/L), a high level of C-reactive protein greater than 40 mg/L, or a day-to-day coefficient of variation for C-reactive protein of greater than 30% in the prediction of histologic or clinical chorioamnionitis. Ultrasonographic observation of fetal activity, if published study results are confirmed, may be of value to predict amniotic fluid bacterial colonization.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"162","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"809","pageEnd":"818","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(90)91016-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37908656"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(90)91016-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2180308"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37908656"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-correlation-between-chlamydia-antigen-antibody-vaginal-colonization-and-cont-reczbzlwtxqrg2py9/","name":"The correlation between Chlamydia antigen, antibody, vaginal colonization and  contraceptive method in young unmarried women","headline":"The correlation between Chlamydia antigen, antibody, vaginal colonization and  contraceptive method in young unmarried women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-correlation-between-chlamydia-antigen-antibody-vaginal-colonization-and-cont-reczbzlwtxqrg2py9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M Blum","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5653-1681","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Israel Cancer Association","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yxd7304"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Appelbaum","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Israel Cancer Association","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yxd7304"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Benaim","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Israel Cancer Association","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yxd7304"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Gilerovitch","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Israel Cancer Association","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yxd7304"}}],"datePublished":"1990-03-01","abstract":"In a group of 55 unmarried women, mean age 25 years, attending a family planning clinic and having minor gynecological complaints, the correlation between Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) antigen, CT antibodies, vaginal colonization by Candida or bacteria and the method of contraception was investigated. The correlation between CT antigen and CT antibodies (IgG) was significant in oral contraceptive users (p = 0.003), as was the correlation with vaginal colonization by Candida and potential pathologic bacteria. In the group using the natural family planning method, a statistically significant correlation was found between CT antigen, IgG (p = 0.002), IgA (p = 0.02) antibodies, and vaginal candidiasis (p = 0.002), but not with bacterial colonization (p = 0.90). The discrepancy between CT antigen and antibodies is discussed. Differences in the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection were found among groups using different birth control methods, indicating an association between Chlamydia infection and the contraceptive method used.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Advances in Contraception : the Official Journal of the Society for the  Advancement of Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"41","pageEnd":"45","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01849486","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37896849"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/BF01849486"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2378292"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37896849"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/demographic-and-historic-variables-in-women-with-idiopathic-chronic-pelvic-pain-reczgqdiyt5394tht/","name":"Demographic and historic variables in women with idiopathic chronic pelvic pain","headline":"Demographic and historic variables in women with idiopathic chronic pelvic pain","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/demographic-and-historic-variables-in-women-with-idiopathic-chronic-pelvic-pain-reczgqdiyt5394tht/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Reiter RC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gambone JC"}],"datePublished":"1990-03-01","abstract":"A comprehensive historic, demographic, and medical questionnaire was administered to 106 women referred to a multidisciplinary clinic for evaluation of idiopathic chronic pelvic pain and to 92 age-matched, pain-free control patients presenting for routine annual examination. Although racial distribution, mean gravidity and parity, and rates of elective abortion were similar in both groups of respondents, spontaneous abortion was reported significantly more frequently among women with pelvic pain. Patients in the study group were also more likely to be on active military duty, to have undergone previous nongynecologic surgery, and to have sought treatment for unrelated somatic complaints. Finally, although the mean ages at first intercourse were similar, women with idiopathic pelvic pain reported a higher total number of sexual partners and were significantly more likely to have experienced previous significant psychosexual trauma. These findings confirm that predisposing psychosocial variables are important in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pelvic pain and emphasize the significance of multidisciplinary evaluation and management.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"75","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3 Pt 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"428","pageEnd":"432","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/contraceptive-failure-of-the-ovulation-method-of-periodic-abstinence-recteolnsncsuuzxe/","name":"Contraceptive failure of the ovulation method of periodic abstinence","headline":"Contraceptive failure of the ovulation method of periodic abstinence","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/contraceptive-failure-of-the-ovulation-method-of-periodic-abstinence-recteolnsncsuuzxe/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Grummer-Strawn L","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2594-3537","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Northwestern University"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"James Trussell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1417-7849","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Princeton University; Office of Population research; Wallaca Hall Princeton New Jersey USA NJ 08544","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hx57361"}}],"datePublished":"1990-03-01","abstract":"Previously published estimates of probabilities of method and user failure for all contraceptive methods suffer from a serious methodological error and are biased downward, with the extent of bias unknown. Data from a World Health Organization clinical trial of the ovulation method of periodic abstinence were used to provide the first correctly calculated measures of method and user efficacy and to determine the characteristics that distinguish women who consciously take risks from those who do not. Probabilities of pregnancy during the first year are 3.1 percent during perfect use (method failure) and 86.4 percent during imperfect use (user failure). Thus, if used perfectly, the ovulation method is very effective. However, it is extremely unforgiving of imperfect use. Because perfect compliance is difficult for many couples who desire intercourse when it is forbidden by ovulation method rules, and because the risk of pregnancy during imperfect use is so great, the ovulation method cannot be considered an ideal contraceptive method for the typical couple, who are likely to be less compliant than couples who volunteer for a clinical trial. The probability of an accidental pregnancy is greatest when any of the three most serious rules--no intercourse during mucus days, within three days after the day of peak fecundity or during times of stress--are broken. Those who have a poor attitude toward the rules are more likely to take risks, including serious risks. Those who get away with taking a risk (i.e., do not get pregnant) are very likely to take risks again. Because breaking the most serious rules entails a 28 percent risk of pregnancy per cycle, those likely to take risks should be counseled about the probable consequences.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Family Planning Perspectives"}}},"pageStart":"65","pageEnd":"75","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diagnosis-and-treatment-of-cornual-obstruction-using-a-flexible-tip-guidewire-recspuwrwgodmj2fe/","name":"Diagnosis and treatment of cornual obstruction using a flexible tip guidewire","headline":"Diagnosis and treatment of cornual obstruction using a flexible tip guidewire","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diagnosis-and-treatment-of-cornual-obstruction-using-a-flexible-tip-guidewire-recspuwrwgodmj2fe/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mark Gibson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0657-5166","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Vermont","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0155zta11"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J R Brumsted","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Vermont","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0155zta11"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J L Deaton","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Vermont","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0155zta11"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D H Riddick","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UConn Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02kzs4y22"}}],"datePublished":"1990-02-01","abstract":"Proximal tubal obstruction, either unilateral or bilateral, is a frequent finding on hysterosalpingogram (HSG). Approximately two-thirds of the fallopian tubes resected for proximal tubal obstruction reveal an absence of luminal occlusion. The distinction between true pathologic occlusion and either spasm or plugging is crucial in determining therapy. We combined hysteroscopic cannulation of the proximal fallopian tube with laparoscopy in 11 patients with proximal tubal obstruction diagnosed by HSG and confirmed at laparoscopy. Hysteroscopic cannulation was able to be performed in 72% of the fallopian tubes attempted, and there was a postcannulation patency rate by HSG of 73%. Six of the 11 patients became pregnant after tubal cannulation and adjunctive distal tubal surgery. Hysteroscopic cannulation of the fallopian tube is a safe diagnostic procedure that can be used to identify those patients with true proximal occlusion, and may also serve as a therapeutic procedure in some of these patients.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"53","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"232","pageEnd":"236","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)53272-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45136574"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)53272-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2298308"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q45136574"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/differential-regulation-of-luteinizing-hormone-follicle-stimulating-hormone-and--recwkoefcjdi6ho1q/","name":"Differential regulation of luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and free alpha-subunit secretion from the gonadotrope by gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH): evidence from the use of two GnRH antagonists","headline":"Differential regulation of luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and free alpha-subunit secretion from the gonadotrope by gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH): evidence from the use of two GnRH antagonists","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/differential-regulation-of-luteinizing-hormone-follicle-stimulating-hormone-and--recwkoefcjdi6ho1q/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J E Hall","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4644-3061","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Salk Institute for Biological Studies","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xez1567"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean Rivier","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Crowley WF Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"WILLIAM F. CROWLEY","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2878-0881"},{"@type":"Person","name":"W Vale","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2655-7200","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R W Whitcomb","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}}],"datePublished":"1990-02-01","abstract":"To examine the differential regulation of glycoprotein hormone secretion from the gonadotrope by GnRH, the Nal-Glu GnRH antagonist was administered to euthyroid women in the early follicular phase (days 1-5) of the menstrual cycle, and the results compared to previous studies with the Nal-Arg GnRH antagonist. After a 4-h period of baseline sampling at a frequency of every 10 min, a single sc dose of the GnRH antagonist was administered to each subject. Frequent sampling continued for 8 h, followed by hourly sampling for a further 16 h. LH, FSH, and free alpha-subunit were measured serially in assays with high specificity. There was a 90% concordance of LH and free alpha-subunit pulses during the baseline sampling period. Pulsatile secretion of LH and free alpha-subunit was immediately abolished at the highest dose of the Nal-Glu antagonist for at least 8 h. The maximum percent suppression of LH after administration of the Nal-Glu GnRH antagonist was 70 +/- 4%, 80 +/- 4%, and 83 +/- 1% at doses of 15, 50, and 150 micrograms/kg, respectively, compared to 51 +/- 10%, 70 +/- 5%, and 69 +/- 5% at doses of 50, 150, and 500 micrograms/kg Nal-Arg antagonist. Decreases in FSH were 28 +/- 2%, 32 +/- 7%, and 39 +/- 2%, with increasing doses of the Nal-Glu antagonist compared with 25 +/- 6%, 17 +/- 6%, and 28 +/- 4% reductions at increasing doses of the Nal-Arg antagonist. Free alpha-subunit decreased 22 +/- 4%, 23 +/- 4%, and 28 +/- 3% at increasing doses of the Nal-Glu antagonist and 12 +/- 4%, 27 +/- 4%, and 30 +/- 7% with increasing doses of the Nal-Arg antagonist. For the Nal-Glu antagonist, suppression of LH was greater than that of FSH and free alpha-subunit at all doses (P less than 0.001), while FSH suppression was greater than that of free alpha-subunit at the highest dose only (P less than 0.05). For the Nal-Arg antagonist, LH suppression was greater than that of FSH or free alpha-subunit at all doses (P greater than 0.01), and FSH suppression exceeded that of free alpha-subunit at the 50 micrograms/kg dose. Suppression of LH was greater with the Nal-Glu antagonist than with the Nal-Arg antagonist at doses of 50 and 150 micrograms/kg (P less than 0.05), and FSH suppression was greater with the Nal-Glu antagonist at 150 micrograms/kg (P less than 0.01), while the degrees of maximum suppression were similar for the two different GnRH antagonists for free alpha-subunit.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"70","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"328","pageEnd":"335","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-70-2-328","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49125720"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jcem-70-2-328"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2105329"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q49125720"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/perineal-endometriosis-a-case-report-rec7pghxisic6cuim/","name":"Perineal endometriosis. A case report","headline":"Perineal endometriosis. A case report","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/perineal-endometriosis-a-case-report-rec7pghxisic6cuim/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Pollack R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gordon PH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ferenczy A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Togas Tulandi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5253-2565","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McGill University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}}],"datePublished":"1990-02-01","abstract":"Perineal endometriosis was found unexpectedly in a 32-year-old woman with primary infertility. Since there had been no prior perineal trauma, the transport of endometrium through a venous or lymphatic route could have accounted for the location of the endometriosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"35","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"109","pageEnd":"112","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/insulin-secretion-in-polycystic-ovarian-disease-effect-of-ovarian-suppression-by-recasprhbwmij9pvx/","name":"Insulin secretion in polycystic ovarian disease: effect of ovarian suppression by GnRH agonist","headline":"Insulin secretion in polycystic ovarian disease: effect of ovarian suppression by GnRH agonist","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/insulin-secretion-in-polycystic-ovarian-disease-effect-of-ovarian-suppression-by-recasprhbwmij9pvx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonio Lanzone","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4119-414X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oasi Maria SS","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dqmaq38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna Maria Fulghesu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8116-3968","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Apa","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0143-9114","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Caruso","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4922-2256","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Mancuso","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1752-3986","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C L Andreani","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Fortini","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Catholic University of America","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18"}}],"datePublished":"1990-02-01","abstract":"Nine obese and ten non-obese women with polycystic ovarian disease (PCO), and seven obese and eight non-obese normal women, had an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) before and after treatment with GnRH agonist (buserelin 400 micrograms/day s.c. for 8 weeks) in order to investigate the effect of ovarian suppression on their insulinaemic secretion. Luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), oestradiol (E2), androstenedione (A), testosterone (T), DHEAS, cortisol and insulin (I) were measured at time 0 of OGTT; in all samples of OGTT, E2, T, A and I were also assayed. PCO patients showed higher basal androgen levels than control patients. All subjects showed a normal glycaemic response to OGTT. The mean fasting and areas under the curve (ISA) of plasma I were significantly greater in the obese PCO women than in non-obese PCO, the normal obese and non-obese women. All PCO patients showed significantly higher fasting I and ISA values in respect to all control patients. Hyperinsulinaemic responses were 89% in PCO obese, 30% in non-obese PCO and 29% in obese control patients. After buserelin treatment, these values did not change significantly in respect to pretreatment in all groups, in spite of a significant decrease of androgen secretion. During OGTT, no variations of steroid plasma concentrations were seen in both normal or hyperinsulinaemic PCO patients. The data of this study show that hyperandrogenism, hyperinsulinism and obesity were associated with different modalities in PCO patients and that a marked decrease of androgen secretion did not restore a normal insulinaemic response to OGTT, suggesting that hyperandrogenism does not produce hyperinsulinism.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"143","pageEnd":"149","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a137058","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42477930"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a137058"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2108986"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q42477930"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progestogen-administration-in-pregnancy-may-prevent-preterm-delivery-recxzv4407boq2xb9/","name":"Progestogen administration in pregnancy may prevent preterm delivery","headline":"Progestogen administration in pregnancy may prevent preterm delivery","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progestogen-administration-in-pregnancy-may-prevent-preterm-delivery-recxzv4407boq2xb9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marc J. N. C. Keirse","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"KU Leuven","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05f950310"}}],"datePublished":"1990-02-01","abstract":"Two recently published meta-analyses of controlled trials of a wide variety of progestational agents, used in pregnancy (Daya 1989; Goldstein et al. 1989), prompted this third meta-analysis of placebo-controlled trials involving the prophylactic use of a single agent, 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate. Of seven relevant published reports of controlled trials, six had involved women considered to be a high risk of miscarriage or preterm birth. This analysis provides no support for the view that 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate protects against miscarriage, but suggests that it does reduce the occurrence of preterm birth. The latter effect was reflected in a reduced rate of low birthweight babies, but not in a statistically significant reduction in perinatal mortality and morbidity. The difference between this meta-analysis and the two earlier meta-analyses illustrates the problems both of selective sub-grouping and of comprehensive pooling of data from small trials.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"97","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"149","pageEnd":"154","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1990.tb01740.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28329929"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1471-0528.1990.tb01740.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2138496"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28329929"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/laparoscopic-appearance-of-endometriosis-color-atlas-second-edition-recivqbtn6raljejx/","name":"Laparoscopic Appearance of Endometriosis: Color Atlas (Second Edition)","headline":"Laparoscopic Appearance of Endometriosis: Color Atlas (Second Edition)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/laparoscopic-appearance-of-endometriosis-color-atlas-second-edition-recivqbtn6raljejx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Martin DC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kresch AJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"David B Redwine","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Charles Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02stwhg86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Harry Reich"}],"datePublished":"1990-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/living-proof-a-visual-encounter-with-the-unborn-recstuntaedjxrjnq/","name":"Living Proof: A Visual Encounter with the Unborn","headline":"Living Proof: A Visual Encounter with the Unborn","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/living-proof-a-visual-encounter-with-the-unborn-recstuntaedjxrjnq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1990-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/stress-and-reproduction-the-role-of-cortisol-in-yen-ssc-vale-ww-eds-neuroendocri-ixgqv5kp/","name":"Stress and Reproduction: The Role of Cortisol: In: Yen SSC, Vale WW (Eds). Neuroendocrine Regulation of Reproduction","headline":"Stress and Reproduction: The Role of Cortisol: In: Yen SSC, Vale WW (Eds). Neuroendocrine Regulation of Reproduction","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/stress-and-reproduction-the-role-of-cortisol-in-yen-ssc-vale-ww-eds-neuroendocri-ixgqv5kp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Loriaux L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nieman S"}],"datePublished":"1990-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Serono Symposia"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/changes-in-circulating-hormone-levels-after-ovarian-wedge-resection-in-patients--recptuctsdp4xkvri/","name":"Changes in circulating hormone levels after ovarian wedge resection in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"Changes in circulating hormone levels after ovarian wedge resection in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/changes-in-circulating-hormone-levels-after-ovarian-wedge-resection-in-patients--recptuctsdp4xkvri/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A. Szilágyi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1773-6861","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pecs","sameAs":"https://ror.org/037b5pv06"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Winfried G. Rossmanith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3714-131X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universität Ulm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/032000t02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"I Csaba","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pecs","sameAs":"https://ror.org/037b5pv06"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Csermely","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pecs","sameAs":"https://ror.org/037b5pv06"}}],"datePublished":"1990-01-01","abstract":"Serum gonadotropin, prolactin, estradiol, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and androgen levels were measured before, 5 days and 6 weeks following ovarian wedge resection in 9 patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Elevated levels of LH, androstenedione, testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone-sulphate (DHEA-S) were found before surgery. There was a marked decrease in androstenedione and DHEA-S levels 5 days following wedge resection, but a rebound effect could be observed 6 weeks later. Serum gonadotropin, prolactin, testosterone and SHBG concentrations were practically unaffected by surgery. At 6-12 months follow up patients showed regular, mainly ovulatory cycles, but pregnancy occurred only in two cases.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"248","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics"}}},"pageStart":"31","pageEnd":"35","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02389587","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68369316"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/BF02389587"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2124095"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68369316"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/c-reactive-protein-in-preterm-premature-rupture-of-the-membranes-reciwdlyozerphuiw/","name":"C-reactive protein in preterm premature rupture of the membranes","headline":"C-reactive protein in preterm premature rupture of the membranes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/c-reactive-protein-in-preterm-premature-rupture-of-the-membranes-reciwdlyozerphuiw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jorma Paavonen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4775-606X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Turku University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dbzj528"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Kurki","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Helsinki University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02e8hzf44"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Teramo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Helsinki University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02e8hzf44"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"O Ylikorkala","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Helsinki University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02e8hzf44"}}],"datePublished":"1990-01-01","abstract":"The usefulness of maternal C-reactive protein (CRP) measurements in the diagnosis of chorioamnionitis and puerperal and neonatal infectious morbidity was studied among 147 patients with preterm rupture of the membranes (PROM). Thirty-three patients developed chorioamnionitis, 10 patients developed puerperal endometritis, and 21 newborn infants developed neonatal infections. There was no difference in the highest antepartum CRP between patients with or without chorioamnionitis. The overall test performance for CRP was poor suggesting that elevated antepartum CRP may be misleading in the diagnosis of chorioamnionitis. However, use of serial CRP measurements increases the test performance. The high negative predictive value suggests that CRP is useful in predicting the absence of chorioamnionitis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"247","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics"}}},"pageStart":"31","pageEnd":"37","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02390652","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68816862"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/BF02390652"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2353964"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68816862"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-gift-of-life-the-proceedings-of-a-conference-on-the-vatican-instruction-on-t-recezilejrp0wxc8o/","name":"The Gift of Life: The Proceedings of a Conference on the Vatican Instruction on the Respect for Human Life","headline":"The Gift of Life: The Proceedings of a Conference on the Vatican Instruction on the Respect for Human Life","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-gift-of-life-the-proceedings-of-a-conference-on-the-vatican-instruction-on-t-recezilejrp0wxc8o/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wallace M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8790-4317","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Robert Gordon University Aberdeen Business School"}}],"datePublished":"1990-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luf-syndrome-recent-findings-recrmlgwp1cfms3sy/","name":"LUF-syndrome: recent findings","headline":"LUF-syndrome: recent findings","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luf-syndrome-recent-findings-recrmlgwp1cfms3sy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A Audebert"}],"datePublished":"1990-01-01","abstract":"Luteinization of a follicle without its rupture and without the oocyte being expelled which is also called the LUF-syndrome by English speaking authors is one of a number of functional abnormalities that can occur to the follicle in the ovary and is diagnosed by ultrasound methods. It is one that has been known for quite a long time. Many publications have appeared since 1978 to describe this syndrome, which all the same is still very controversial. One has learnt how to diagnose it fairly well. One knows more about its physiopathogenesis and how often it occurs. This seems to be more often when there is pelvic endometriosis or so-called unexplained infertility. What is more difficult however is to find out how important it is as a cause of lowered fertility, and it is also difficult to decide whether: it just happens occasionally or is a true syndrome? It is still not possible today to give a definite answer to this question because of reasons of methodology. Finally, as far as treatment goes, even if the facts about its pathogeneiity have been found out and should be able to help decide on a logical treatment there have been no controlled studies to find out whether the treatment works.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal De Gynecologie, Obstetrique Et Biologie De La Reproduction"}}},"pageStart":"135","pageEnd":"143","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/follicular-growth-and-corpus-luteum-function-in-women-with-unexplained-infertili-recszpot2ntl20rft/","name":"Follicular growth and corpus luteum function in women with unexplained infertility, monitored by ultrasonography and measurement of daily salivary progesterone","headline":"Follicular growth and corpus luteum function in women with unexplained infertility, monitored by ultrasonography and measurement of daily salivary progesterone","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/follicular-growth-and-corpus-luteum-function-in-women-with-unexplained-infertili-recszpot2ntl20rft/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"F. P. Median","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ollscoil na Gaillimhe – University of Galway","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bea9k73"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M M Finn","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ollscoil na Gaillimhe – University of Galway","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bea9k73"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P F Fottrell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ollscoil na Gaillimhe – University of Galway","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bea9k73"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Gosling","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ollscoil na Gaillimhe – University of Galway","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bea9k73"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L A Joyce","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8642-7771","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ollscoil na Gaillimhe – University of Galway","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bea9k73"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F P Meehan"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D F Tallon","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ollscoil na Gaillimhe – University of Galway","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bea9k73"}}],"datePublished":"1989-12-01","abstract":"Ovarian function was evaluated over a minimum of 3 consecutive menstrual cycles from each of 41 women with unexplained infertility. Follicular development and ovulation were monitored using real time ultrasonography and luteal function was evaluated by daily salivary progesterone measurement. In 129 spontaneous cycles, normal single ovulations were detected in 121 (93.8%). Luteal phase insufficiency was identified in 21 (17.4%) of these 121 cycles and this was a recurrent phenomenon in the cycles of 5 of the 41 women (12.2%). A successful pregnancy was seen only in association with consistently normal salivary progesterone profiles or where the empirical use of clomiphene citrate therapy had corrected previously diagnosed luteal phase insufficiency. Basal body temperature records or mid-luteal serum progesterone measurements were less satisfactory indices of luteal function than a salivary progesterone profile.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Gynecological Endocrinology : the Official Journal of the International Society  of Gynecological Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"297","pageEnd":"308","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3109/09513598909152469","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44123821"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3109/09513598909152469"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2626978"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44123821"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteal-phase-deficiency-after-completely-normal-follicular-and-periovulatory-pha-recffp2t90xpdja4n/","name":"Luteal phase deficiency after completely normal follicular and periovulatory phases","headline":"Luteal phase deficiency after completely normal follicular and periovulatory phases","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteal-phase-deficiency-after-completely-normal-follicular-and-periovulatory-pha-recffp2t90xpdja4n/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C Boyd","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8426-502X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04a9tmd77"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jaime Fox","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1254-7065","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Grunfeld","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04a9tmd77"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Kaplan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04a9tmd77"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Navot","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04a9tmd77"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Sandler","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04a9tmd77"}}],"datePublished":"1989-12-01","abstract":"Luteal phase defect (LPD) accounts for a significant proportion of reproductive disorders, however its etiology is still debated. A prospective study was performed on 37 ovulatory women to determine whether LPD can occur in cycles characterized by completely normal folliculogenesis. Criteria for normal folliculogenesis included: a gradual rise of serum estradiol, a luteinizing hormone (LH) surge, the presence of a dominant follicle that disappeared, an increase of serum progesterone, and normal serum levels of prolactin, testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, follicle-stimulating hormone, and LH. Thirty of 37 women fulfilled the above mentioned strict criteria and underwent endometrial biopsy in the late luteal phase. Seven of 30 (23%) demonstrated a delay in endometrial development and all had normal hormonal and ultrasonographic parameters of folliculogenesis and ovulation. Women with delayed endometrial development demonstrated slightly longer follicular phases (17.0 +/- 1.1 versus 14.5 +/- 0.3 days). Perfectly normal follicular and periovulatory events may be followed by deficient luteal phases.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"52","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"919","pageEnd":"923","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)53152-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69393615"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)53152-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2591570"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69393615"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lack-of-association-between-oral-contraceptive-use-and-crohns-disease-a-communit-recxmpyy2nu9auva3/","name":"Lack of association between oral contraceptive use and Crohn's disease: a  community-based matched case-control study","headline":"Lack of association between oral contraceptive use and Crohn's disease: a  community-based matched case-control study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lack-of-association-between-oral-contraceptive-use-and-crohns-disease-a-communit-recxmpyy2nu9auva3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S V Kane","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6410-4242","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Chicago Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0076kfe04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S B Hanauer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Chicago Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0076kfe04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B A Lashner","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Chicago Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0076kfe04"}}],"datePublished":"1989-12-01","abstract":"Previous epidemiologic studies have suggested a weak association between oral contraceptive use and Crohn's disease, specifically Crohn's colitis. To measure a possible etiologic association, 51 women with Crohn's disease who were 18-50 yr old were studied and compared with peer-nominated ageand sex-matched controls. There were no differences between cases and controls with respect to race, religion, marital status, and number of pregnancies. There was no association between oral contraceptive use and Crohn's disease incidence [current use: odds ratio (OR) 0.73, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.34-1.59; former use: OR 1.80, CI 0.61-5.29; current or former use: OR 1.00, CI 0.46-2.16]. Stratifying by disease location also failed to identify an association. Cigarette smoking was significantly associated with Crohn's disease incidence. Controlling for possible confounding effects of cigarette smoking did not alter the lack of association between oral contraceptive use and Crohn's disease. Similarly, testing for interaction failed to demonstrate any effect modification. Analyzing for duration of current oral contraceptive use or time interval since last use failed to demonstrate a \"dose-response\" effect. The study was of sufficient size to detect statistical significance for oral contraceptive use for odds ratios of greater than or equal to 2.76. From this community-based matched case-control study, there was no association between oral contraceptive use and Crohn's disease, and women need not be advised to discontinue oral contraceptive use when a diagnosis of Crohn's disease is made.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"97","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Gastroenterology"}}},"pageStart":"1442","pageEnd":"1447","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-5085(89)90388-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69384930"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0016-5085(89)90388-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2583410"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69384930"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/premenstrual-syndrome-improvement-after-laser-ablation-of-the-endometrium-for-me-rec4uwsgio7dfj6hv/","name":"Premenstrual syndrome improvement after laser ablation of the endometrium for menorrhagia","headline":"Premenstrual syndrome improvement after laser ablation of the endometrium for menorrhagia","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/premenstrual-syndrome-improvement-after-laser-ablation-of-the-endometrium-for-me-rec4uwsgio7dfj6hv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lefler HT Jr"}],"datePublished":"1989-11-01","abstract":"Laser ablation of the endometrium was performed on 18 patients for menorrhagia. The patients were evaluated for the premenstrual syndrome (PMS) preoperatively and again at three and six months postoperatively. An improvement in both the severity and duration of PMS symptoms was noted postoperatively, and the reduction in menstrual bleeding was correlated with the reduction in PMS symptoms.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"34","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"905","pageEnd":"906","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/psychologic-aspects-of-providing-infertility-services-recvbttorswpy34qz/","name":"Psychologic aspects of providing infertility services","headline":"Psychologic aspects of providing infertility services","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/psychologic-aspects-of-providing-infertility-services-recvbttorswpy34qz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Reading AE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kerin J"}],"datePublished":"1989-11-01","abstract":"Psychologic issues enter into all aspects of providing infertility services. At the onset the infertile are faced with decisions regarding treatment options. Treatment involves uncertainty and lack of control and exposes the couple to the possibility of failure. The introduction of in vitro fertilization and gamete intrafallopian transfer exposes a proportion of couples to successive experiences of failure. These treatments have implications for emotional processing; some factors can increase the likelihood of impaired coping. Specific ways of dealing with the psychologic needs of infertile couples at all stages of their treatment can be helpful.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"34","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"861","pageEnd":"871","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteal-phase-deficiency-characterization-of-reproductive-hormones-over-the-menst-rece3qnyzmy4er5ea/","name":"Luteal phase deficiency: characterization of reproductive hormones over the menstrual cycle","headline":"Luteal phase deficiency: characterization of reproductive hormones over the menstrual cycle","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteal-phase-deficiency-characterization-of-reproductive-hormones-over-the-menst-rece3qnyzmy4er5ea/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R I McLachlan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4637-3876","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wbzw723"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N L Cohen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5967-2037","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wbzw723"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W J Bremner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9769-2554","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"United States Department of Veterans Affairs","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05rsv9s98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K D Dahl","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wbzw723"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Ek","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1249-9403","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"United States Department of Veterans Affairs","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05rsv9s98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M R Soules","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}}],"datePublished":"1989-10-01","abstract":"The recurrent deficiency of progesterone (P) secretion by the corpus luteum has been associated with infertility and habitual abortion and given the clinical diagnosis of luteal phase deficiency (LPD). There is evidence that both follicular and luteal phase abnormalities can result in LPD cycles. In this study we have examined reproductive hormone levels and preovulatory follicular size in women with LPD (n = 10). For the purposes of this study, LPD was determined by an endometrial biopsy in the studied cycle that was more than 2 days out of phase. These biopsies were performed in women with infertility or habitual abortion who exhibited an out of phase biopsy in a prior cycle. The control group consisted of 28 normal women. Daily serum levels of the following hormones were determined in each subject: LH and FSH [immuno- and bioactive (LH-immuno and LH-bio)], P, estradiol (E2), and inhibin. The LPD women exhibited significant decreases in integrated luteal phase levels of inhibin [10,615 +/- 898 vs. 13,560 +/- 662 (U/L).days; P less than 0.02] and E2 [5,015 +/- 275 vs. 6,435 +/- 393 (pmol/L).days (1366 vs. 1753 (pg/mL).days); P less than 0.05] in addition to the expected decrease in P [280 +/- 23 vs. 420 +/- 23 (nmol/L).days (88 vs. 132 (ng/mL).days); P less than 0.01]. On days 6-11 after the LH surge (day 0), there was a significant (P less than 0.05) decrease in mean LH-bio levels in LPD compared with those in normal women (146 +/- 26 vs. 212 +/- 24 micrograms/L). The midcycle LH surge was deficient in LPD when both LH-immuno [482 +/- 30 vs. 672 +/- 43 (micrograms/L).days; P less than 0.01] and LH-bio [1711 +/- 179 vs. 2248 +/- 226 (micrograms/L).days; P less than 0.05] levels were compared with normal values. When comparing the follicular phase in LPD with that in normal women, similar follicle size, peak and integrated E2 levels, and mean LH and FSH (immuno and bio) levels were found. The only follicular phase abnormality noted in this study was decreased mean levels of serum inhibin in the early and midfollicular phases (221 +/- 19 vs. 308 +/- 25 U/L; P less than 0.01). In this group of women with LPD, low levels of inhibin in the follicular phase were consistent with the concept of a defect in function of the preovulatory follicle, possibly as a result of previously described defects in gonadotropin secretion in this condition.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"69","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"804","pageEnd":"812","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-69-4-804","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69231521"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jcem-69-4-804"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2506214"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69231521"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-short-course-of-menotropin-after-clomiphene-failure-in-infertile-women-with-lu-reck3kdy350x69ylx/","name":"A short course of menotropin after clomiphene failure in infertile women with luteal phase defects","headline":"A short course of menotropin after clomiphene failure in infertile women with luteal phase defects","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-short-course-of-menotropin-after-clomiphene-failure-in-infertile-women-with-lu-reck3kdy350x69ylx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C H Wu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9820-2000","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107."}}],"datePublished":"1989-10-01","abstract":"Twenty-four women with luteal phase defects who were ovulatory on clomiphene therapy with or without human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) at midcycle for three to eight cycles yet failed to produce a live birth were treated with a short course of menotropin (hMG-S), one to two ampules for five days in the early follicular phase followed or not followed by hCG at midcycle for three to eight cycles. The luteal phase defect was diagnosed with repeat endometrial biopsies with a lag time of three or more days prior to clomiphene therapy. A complete infertility workup revealed only eight patients (33%) with a purely endocrine factor (luteal phase defect). The rest (16 patients, or 67%) had one or two additional infertility factors. Two abortions occurred in this group during clomiphene therapy, while five pregnancies (four live births and one spontaneous abortion) occurred during hMG-S therapy. The ovulation rates were similar for hMG-S (89%) and clomiphene (91%) therapy, but the frequency of a normal ovulatory cycle was significantly greater (P = .026) for hMG-S therapy (71%) than for clomiphene therapy (57%). The midluteal mean serum progesterone level was lower and the mean luteal length shorter in the cycles with less than 130 ng/mL/d of total integrated luteal progesterone. The postcoital test results showed better cervical mucus, with increased mucus volume and better fluidity and spinnbarkeit, in hMG-S cycles than in clomiphene cycles. It appears that hMG-S treatment can improve ovarian function and achieve successful pregnancy in patients with luteal phase defects who fail to produce a live birth during clomiphene treatment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"34","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"807","pageEnd":"810","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/absorption-of-oral-progesterone-is-influenced-by-vehicle-and-particle-size-recggq2waossqocb3/","name":"Absorption of oral progesterone is influenced by vehicle and particle size","headline":"Absorption of oral progesterone is influenced by vehicle and particle size","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/absorption-of-oral-progesterone-is-influenced-by-vehicle-and-particle-size-recggq2waossqocb3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J T Hargrove","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W S Maxson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A C Wentz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74"}}],"datePublished":"1989-10-01","abstract":"The oral route of progesterone administration has long been considered impractical because of poor absorption and short biologic half-life. Recent reports suggest that micronization of progesterone enhances absorption and increases serum and tissue levels of progesterone. This study checks serum progesterone levels before and 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 hours after oral administration of 200 mg of progesterone in seven subjects. Progesterone was plain milled, micronized, plain milled in oil, micronized in oil, or micronized in enteric-coated capsules. All patients exhibited a significant increase in serum progesterone levels after oral progesterone administration. Mean peak progesterone levels (30.3 +/- 7.0 ng/ml) (p less than 0.005) were achieved with micronized progesterone in oil at 2.0 +/- 0.3 (p less than 0.05) hours after administration. Four types of oral progesterone had equivalent mean peak elevations and mean times to peak: plain milled, 9.6 +/- 2.5 ng/ml at 4.0 +/- 0.5 hours; micronized 13.2 +/- 2.4 ng/ml at 3.2 +/- 0.4 hours; plain milled in oil, 11.3 +/- 3.0 ng/ml at 4.0 +/- 0.5 hours; and micronized in enteric-coated capsules, 11.2 +/- 3.0 ng/ml at 4.1 +/- 0.7 hours. Contrary to traditional teaching, these data show that significant serum progesterone levels can be achieved by oral administration. Absorption can be significantly improved by the physical characteristics of the progesterone and the vehicle used with oral administration.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"161","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"948","pageEnd":"951","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(89)90759-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56866832"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(89)90759-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2801843"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q56866832"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/optimal-time-in-the-menstrual-cycle-for-serum-progesterone-measurement-to-diagno-recj8r1oj7p2vfhbs/","name":"Optimal time in the menstrual cycle for serum progesterone measurement to diagnose luteal phase defects","headline":"Optimal time in the menstrual cycle for serum progesterone measurement to diagnose luteal phase defects","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/optimal-time-in-the-menstrual-cycle-for-serum-progesterone-measurement-to-diagno-recj8r1oj7p2vfhbs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S Daya","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}}],"datePublished":"1989-10-01","abstract":"Inadequate production of progesterone by the corpus luteum results in luteal phase deficiency, which is a frequent cause of recurrent spontaneous abortion. The diagnosis is made by assessment of endometrial biopsy specimens. Measurement of serum progesterone offers a less invasive alternative, but its utility as a diagnostic test is limited since there is no agreement on the level that will accurately differentiate between normal and luteal phase deficiency cycles. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there was an optimal time in the menstrual cycle when serum progesterone measurement could improve the diagnostic accuracy of the test. The results demonstrate that this time period is day 25 to day 26 and not the midluteal phase as has previously been suggested. The discriminatory level was found to be 21 nmol/L and provided a test with sensitivity of 81% and specificity of 73%.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"161","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1009","pageEnd":"1011","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(89)90773-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44450727"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(89)90773-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2801816"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44450727"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteal-phase-deficiency-abnormal-gonadotropin-and-progesterone-secretion-pattern-recxpozlsbyxvykxg/","name":"Luteal phase deficiency: abnormal gonadotropin and progesterone secretion patterns","headline":"Luteal phase deficiency: abnormal gonadotropin and progesterone secretion patterns","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteal-phase-deficiency-abnormal-gonadotropin-and-progesterone-secretion-pattern-recxpozlsbyxvykxg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"N L Cohen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5967-2037","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wbzw723"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W J Bremner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9769-2554","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"United States Department of Veterans Affairs","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05rsv9s98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R A Steiner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5832-6412","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wbzw723"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D K Clifton","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wbzw723"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M R Soules","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}}],"datePublished":"1989-10-01","abstract":"Luteal phase deficiency (LPD) is a reproductive disorder associated with infertility and spontaneous abortion. This study was undertaken to determine whether LPD might be related to an abnormal pattern of gonadotropin secretion. We tested this hypothesis by evaluating the pattern of pulsatile LH secretion in both the follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle in normal women (n = 21) and women with LPD (n = 20), which was diagnosed on the basis of two out of phase endometrial biopsies. In addition, we sought to determine whether changes in progesterone (P) pulse patterns could account for the decrease in average serum P levels in women with LPD. To this end, we examined the pulse patterns of P and compared these patterns between normal women and those with LPD. Frequent blood sampling was performed in both groups to determine their respective hormone secretion patterns. In the follicular phase, blood samples were obtained every 10 min for 12 h; in the luteal phase the samples were obtained every 10 min for 12 h; in the luteal LH, FSH, and P were assayed in each sample. Pulse detection was performed by an adaptive threshold method of pulse analysis. The LH pulse frequency was significantly higher in the women with LPD than in the normal women in the early follicular phase [P less than 0.05; LPD, 12.8 +/- 1.4 (+/- SE); normal, 8.2 +/- 0.7 pulses/12 h]. LH pulse frequency was similar in the early and late follicular phases in the women with LPD, whereas it was higher in the late follicular phase in normal women. Mean serum FSH levels were not different between groups in both the early and late follicular phases. In the luteal phase the P pulse amplitude and mean serum P level were significantly lower in the LPD group than in the normal women (P less than 0.01). We conclude that 1) a too rapid LH pulse pattern in the early follicular phase may lead to inadequate LH support of the corpus luteum and become manifest as LPD; 2) the mechanism for inadequate P secretion in LPD is decreased P pulse amplitude; 3) the finding of similar serum FSH levels in the two groups in both the early and late follicular phases did not support compromised folliculogenesis as an etiological factor for LPD.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"69","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"813","pageEnd":"820","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-69-4-813","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41262353"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jcem-69-4-813"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2506215"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41262353"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endovaginal-and-transabdominal-sonography-of-ovarian-follicles-rec8q0j7xjuvp9yda/","name":"Endovaginal and transabdominal sonography of ovarian follicles","headline":"Endovaginal and transabdominal sonography of ovarian follicles","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endovaginal-and-transabdominal-sonography-of-ovarian-follicles-rec8q0j7xjuvp9yda/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R F Andreotti","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2242-0623","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, Florida 33140."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gerard Thompson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1722-2235","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mount Sinai Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wgjpw02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Warren R. Janowitz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mount Sinai Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wgjpw02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arthur Shapiro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2225-0882"},{"@type":"Person","name":"N R Zusmer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mount Sinai Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wgjpw02"}}],"datePublished":"1989-10-01","abstract":"Endovaginal and transabdominal sonography (EVS and TAS, respectively) are effective methods for monitoring ovarian follicular development. Our study evaluates both modalities by subjective comparisons and objective correlations with serum estradiol levels. In 21 of 41 studies, TVS showed more follicles over 1 cm than did TAS. The same number was seen by both in 17 studies and more by TAS in only 3 studies. Margins of the follicles were sharply defined in 37 of 41 EVS studies (90%) but only in 18 of 41 TAS studies (41%). In each of the 4 cases in which follicles were not sharply defined by EVS the ovaries were located high in the pelvis. In 29 sonographic studies, there were corresponding estradiol levels. The number and size of dominant follicles correlated well with estradiol levels (r = .9074) for EVS but less so (r = .3816) for TAS. EVS has several advantages when monitoring follicular development.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine : Official Journal of the American Institute of  Ultrasound in Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"555","pageEnd":"560","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.7863/jum.1989.8.10.555","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69551052"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.7863/jum.1989.8.10.555"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2681825"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69551052"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-five-clomiphene-citrate-dosage-regimens-follicular-recruitment-and-recajntall5jic0by/","name":"Comparison of five clomiphene citrate dosage regimens: follicular recruitment and distribution in the human ovary","headline":"Comparison of five clomiphene citrate dosage regimens: follicular recruitment and distribution in the human ovary","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-five-clomiphene-citrate-dosage-regimens-follicular-recruitment-and-recajntall5jic0by/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J Shalev","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4514-1651","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sheba Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/020rzx487"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Blankstein","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05pr37258"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Goldenberg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9431-9175","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sheba Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/020rzx487"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Kukia","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sheba Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/020rzx487"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Lewinthal","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sheba Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/020rzx487"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Mashiach","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tel Aviv University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mhzgx49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Tepper","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sheba Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/020rzx487"}}],"datePublished":"1989-10-01","abstract":"One hundred fifty-six women with cycle disorders presenting as absence or infrequency of ovulation and with luteal phase deficiency (group II, according to the World Health Organization classification) received clomiphene citrate (CC) for ovulation induction. The administered dosage ranged from 50 to 250 mg/d. The follicular development in terms of numbers of small (less than 8 mm), intermediate (9 to 15 mm), and large (greater than 15 mm) follicles and their distribution in either one or both ovaries on the day of assumed ovulation was related to the dosage of CC. A statistically significant increase was found in the total number of follicles in relation to the dosage of CC (P less than 0.003). In view of the development of the mature follicles, the gradual increase in CC daily dosage was thought to be associated with additional mature follicles before ovulation. However, this increased follicular recruitment was not regarded as statistically significant. Treatment with low doses of CC resulted in follicular development in only one ovary, whereas increased follicular recruitment after high CC dosage was found in association with follicular development in both ovaries.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"52","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"560","pageEnd":"563","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)60963-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44596880"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)60963-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2680615"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44596880"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/selective-reduction-in-multiple-gestations-pregnancy-outcome-after-transvaginal--recqnqbk9wbwoisdk/","name":"Selective reduction in multiple gestations: pregnancy outcome after transvaginal and transabdominal needle-guided procedures","headline":"Selective reduction in multiple gestations: pregnancy outcome after transvaginal and transabdominal needle-guided procedures","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/selective-reduction-in-multiple-gestations-pregnancy-outcome-after-transvaginal--recqnqbk9wbwoisdk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S Lipitz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4994-6860","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tel Aviv University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mhzgx49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Barkai","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sheba Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/020rzx487"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y Frenkel","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tel Aviv University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mhzgx49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Goldenberg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9431-9175","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sheba Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/020rzx487"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Mashiach","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tel Aviv University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mhzgx49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Nebel","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tel Aviv University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mhzgx49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Shalev","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sheba Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/020rzx487"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Shalev","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4514-1651","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sheba Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/020rzx487"}}],"datePublished":"1989-09-01","abstract":"Selective fetal reduction was performed in the first trimester of pregnancy in 20 women with multifetal gestations after ovulation induction with human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG). In 10 women (group A) reduction was performed transabdominally, and in 10 women (group B) the transvaginal approach was used. The transvaginal technique achieved penetration of several gestational sacs without withdrawing the needle from the uterus. Fetal termination using either procedure occurred with intrafetal injection of potassium chloride. Six (60%, group A) and eight (80%, group B) patients delivered healthy newborns. One patient (group B) is at 30 weeks' gestation. Four (40%, group A) and one (10%, group B) aborted 1 day to 8 weeks after the procedure (1 septic abortion, each group). Our results suggest that transvaginal fetal reduction offers a better outcome, with minimal complications, to patients referred for selective continuation of pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"52","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"416","pageEnd":"420","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)60910-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69721071"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)60910-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2776895"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69721071"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mood-disorders-psychiatric-symptoms-and-distress-in-women-presenting-for-inferti-rechakl4gof7ggs41/","name":"Mood disorders, psychiatric symptoms, and distress in women presenting for infertility evaluation","headline":"Mood disorders, psychiatric symptoms, and distress in women presenting for infertility evaluation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mood-disorders-psychiatric-symptoms-and-distress-in-women-presenting-for-inferti-rechakl4gof7ggs41/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jennifer I. Downey","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"New York Psychoanalytic Society and Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05azenf09"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Yingling","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9072-7590","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jack E. Maidman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Husami","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Jewelewicz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M McKinney","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172"}}],"datePublished":"1989-09-01","abstract":"Women who undergo treatment for infertility frequently report depression, but it is crucial to distinguish between subjective distress, symptoms, and clinical depressive disorders. In the initial assessment of a prospective, longitudinal study, 59 women presenting for infertility treatment were compared with 35 women presenting for routine gynecological care. Infertility patients and controls were not significantly different on self-report measures of partner satisfaction, sexual functioning, or self-esteem. There was also no difference in psychiatric symptomatology, or in the percentage of subjects who were currently experiencing or had ever experienced a major depressive episode. However, the infertility patients perceived themselves to have been already quite affected by their inability to conceive. For instance, 49.2% reported changes in their sexual functioning and 74.6% reported changes in their mood.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"52","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"425","pageEnd":"432","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)60912-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52085199"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)60912-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2776896"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q52085199"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/acute-arsenic-toxicity--an-opaque-poison-reco4rglgkmjjneet/","name":"Acute arsenic toxicity--an opaque poison","headline":"Acute arsenic toxicity--an opaque poison","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/acute-arsenic-toxicity--an-opaque-poison-reco4rglgkmjjneet/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A Khalil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9723-0977"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J R Gray","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5749-787X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"1989-08-01","abstract":"We report a patient with fatal acute arsenic poisoning presenting as vomiting and diarrhea with the finding of intra-abdominal radiopacities on radiographs. These represent the classic features of acute arsenic toxicity and are detailed here as a reminder to others facing a similar puzzling patient with this potentially treatable poisoning.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"40","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Can Assoc Radiol J"}}},"pageStart":"226","pageEnd":"227","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sonographic-definition-of-the-empty-follicle-syndrome-recxtyf38rvkvfglt/","name":"Sonographic definition of the empty follicle syndrome","headline":"Sonographic definition of the empty follicle syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sonographic-definition-of-the-empty-follicle-syndrome-recxtyf38rvkvfglt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Aleš Dvořák","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute for Human Reproduction","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R L Ellis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0918-0496","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute for Human Reproduction","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D F Tamisiea","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute for Human Reproduction","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P J Yaksich","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute for Human Reproduction","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1989-08-01","abstract":"The sonographic definition of the empty follicle syndrome is presented in a group of 89 consecutive, unmedicated menstrual cycles in women with primary or secondary infertility. The incidence of the empty follicle syndrome was found to be 50%. The incidence increased with age and was independent of gravidity or the type of follicular rupture (or lack of rupture). These data suggest that the empty follicle syndrome may represent a significant etiologic factor in infertility or other reproductive abnormalities.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine : Official Journal of the American Institute of  Ultrasound in Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"411","pageEnd":"416","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.7863/jum.1989.8.8.411","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69522875"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.7863/jum.1989.8.8.411"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2668550"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69522875"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/safety-of-intraperitoneal-32-dextran-70-as-an-antiadhesion-adjuvant-rec7eyic9uibn29p0/","name":"Safety of intraperitoneal 32% dextran 70 as an antiadhesion adjuvant","headline":"Safety of intraperitoneal 32% dextran 70 as an antiadhesion adjuvant","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/safety-of-intraperitoneal-32-dextran-70-as-an-antiadhesion-adjuvant-rec7eyic9uibn29p0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ricaurte E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1989-08-01","abstract":"The records of 139 consecutive patients who underwent major gynecologic abdominal surgery in which 32% dextran 70 was used as an antiadhesion adjuvant were carefully reviewed for the presence or absence of dextran-related complications. Eleven patients (8.0%) were thought to have dextran-related complications, including postoperative ileus (2.9%), pleural effusion (2.2%), allergic reactions (1.4%), wound infection (1.4%) and labial swelling (0.7%). The mean amount of dextran used was 183 mL. The study indicated that dextran can be used in moderate amounts when instilled intraperitoneally and has an acceptably low rate of complications. Since dextran is used often in spite of scanty evidence of its effectiveness as an antiadhesion adjuvant, understanding its safety and potential complications is especially important.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"34","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"535","pageEnd":"539","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polycystic-ovary-syndrome-a-changing-perspective-recz8wtecplgwfifj/","name":"Polycystic ovary syndrome: a changing perspective","headline":"Polycystic ovary syndrome: a changing perspective","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polycystic-ovary-syndrome-a-changing-perspective-recz8wtecplgwfifj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S Franks","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3712-0335","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Mary's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jv2qv86"}}],"datePublished":"1989-07-01","abstract":"Few subjects have provoked such controversy in the field of reproductive endocrinology as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). It is characterized by heterogeneous clinical and endocrine features and this has led to considerable debate about its definition. The controversy has been fuelled by uncertainty about the aetiology of the syndrome. It seems probable that there are several causes of the typical ovarian appearance although, as will be discussed later, a familial basis for the disorder appears to be the most common of these. Traditionally, since the classic description of the syndrome by Stein and Leventhal in 1935, the diagnosis has rested primarily on the typical appearance of bilateral sclerocystic ovaries in women presenting with anovulation or hirsutism (or both). But the results from subsequent publications indicated that there could be a wide variety of clinical presentations in women who had evidence of polycystic ovaries (PCO) at ovarian biopsy (Goldzieher & Axelrod, 1963; Goldzicher & Green, 1962; Jeffcoate, 1963; Smith et al.. 1965; Givens, 1977, 1984; Yen, 1980). Although most of the women had menstrual disorders or hirsutism, there were also those who had evidence of ovulatory cycles and others who were non-hirsute. McArthur, Ingersoll and Worcester (1958) made the important observation that women with bilateral PCO characteristically had elevated urinary excretion of luteinizing hormone (LH). When radioimmunoassay became widely available in the early 1970s the emphasis changed from diagnosis by histology to use of biochemical markers of the syndrome. The typical endocrine abnormalities in PCS were raised serum concentrations of LH and testosterone (and/or androstenedione) to which could be added, in later studies, evidence of hypersecretion of adrenal androgens and abnormalities of estrogen secretion, particularly estrone (Yen et al., 1970; Gambrell et al., 1973; Rebar et al., 1976; Baird et al.. 1977; Kandeel et al.. 1978; Yen, 1980). So great was the reliance on biochemical diagnosis that, in some studies, the appearance of the ovaries was considered to be of secondary importance. One problem has been that there has seldom been total agreement as to the biochemical definition of PCOS. Some groups, for example, have taken a raised serum LH to be important for the diagnosis (Lobo, 1985; Waldstreicher et al.. 1988). However, it was clear from early biochemical studies that some women with all the other clinical and biochemical features of PCOS had normal serum LH concentra-\ntions (Givens et al., 1976; Rebar er al., 1976).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"31","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"87","pageEnd":"120","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2265.1989.tb00457.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38240681"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1365-2265.1989.tb00457.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2513151"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38240681"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/perspectives-of-physicians-in-sri-lanka-on-periodic-abstinence-rec7w2536j4yp8rqg/","name":"Perspectives of physicians in Sri Lanka on periodic abstinence","headline":"Perspectives of physicians in Sri Lanka on periodic abstinence","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/perspectives-of-physicians-in-sri-lanka-on-periodic-abstinence-rec7w2536j4yp8rqg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Perera HW"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Snowden R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"K I Kennedy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6630-3803","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National University of Singapore"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Meir Steiner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6503-3733","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}}],"datePublished":"1989-06-01","abstract":"Since physicians strongly influence both national family planning policy and individuals' contraceptive choice, a survey was conducted to learn about the perspectives of Sri Lankan physicians (n-100) regarding periodic abstinence methods of family planning (PA). Female doctors (28% of the sample) were twice as likely to have ever provided PA advice to their clients as their male counterparts. Providers of PA were more likely to have ever personally used this form of contraception than PA non-providers. Regardless of PA provider status, all physicians most frequently recommended pills, injectables and IUDs to their clients. They had very good knowledge of the temperature method. The scientific foundation of this method is studied in medical school, suggesting that if the other modern methods (Billings and sympto-thermal) were incorporated into medical school curricula, physicians might be more willing to discuss, refer or provide other modern, scientific forms of PA to their clients.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"34","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Ceylon Medical Journal"}}},"pageStart":"87","pageEnd":"94","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/spontaneous-abortions-in-women-with-endometriosis-zj1fjtcq/","name":"Spontaneous Abortions in Women With Endometriosis","headline":"Spontaneous Abortions in Women With Endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/spontaneous-abortions-in-women-with-endometriosis-zj1fjtcq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Paul G. McDonough"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D L Olive","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4392-6909","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00xcryt71"}}],"datePublished":"1989-06-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"51","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1067","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)60749-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69611166"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)60749-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69611166"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevention-of-postsurgical-adhesions-by-interceedtc7-an-absorbable-adhesion-barr-rec6yjex3vsebapkg/","name":"Prevention of postsurgical adhesions by INTERCEED(TC7), an absorbable adhesion barrier: a prospective randomized multicenter clinical study. INTERCEED(TC7) Adhesion Barrier Study Group","headline":"Prevention of postsurgical adhesions by INTERCEED(TC7), an absorbable adhesion barrier: a prospective randomized multicenter clinical study. INTERCEED(TC7) Adhesion Barrier Study Group","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevention-of-postsurgical-adhesions-by-interceedtc7-an-absorbable-adhesion-barr-rec6yjex3vsebapkg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Adhesion Barrier Study Group"}],"datePublished":"1989-06-01","abstract":"INTERCEED(TC7) (Johnson & Johnson Patient Care Inc., New Brunswick, NJ) is an absorbable fabric specially designed to reduce postsurgical adhesions. The authors report on a prospective, randomized, multicenter, clinical trial that evaluated the efficacy of Interceed in reducing adhesions in humans. Infertility patients (n = 74) with bilateral pelvic sidewall adhesions were studied at treatment laparotomy and \"second-look\" laparoscopy to determine Interceed's effectiveness. After removal of adhesions at laparotomy, the deperitonealized area of one pelvic sidewall was covered with Interceed. The contralateral untreated sidewall served as the control. Pelvic sidewalls covered with Interceed had a 90% improvement over control sidewalls in preventing adhesion formation. Additionally, Interceed treatment was associated with a 57% reduction of the extent of adhesion formation over that obtained by microsurgical techniques alone. Interceed also provided a significant benefit in reducing the severity of those adhesions that did form, and significantly reduced the number of adhesions between the ovary and pelvic sidewall. In conclusion, Interceed significantly reduced the incidence, extent, and severity of postsurgical pelvic adhesions.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"51","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"933","pageEnd":"938","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diagnosis-and-management-of-out-of-phase-endometrial-biopsies-among-patients-rec-recoggnqehn7xthpo/","name":"Diagnosis and management of out-of-phase endometrial biopsies among patients receiving clomiphene citrate for ovulation induction","headline":"Diagnosis and management of out-of-phase endometrial biopsies among patients receiving clomiphene citrate for ovulation induction","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diagnosis-and-management-of-out-of-phase-endometrial-biopsies-among-patients-rec-recoggnqehn7xthpo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jeffrey Keenan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wayne State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01070mq45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J R Bush","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wayne State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01070mq45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C M Herbert","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A C Wentz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74"}}],"datePublished":"1989-06-01","abstract":"Eighty-seven patients who underwent a late secretory phase endometrial biopsy while taking clomiphene citrate (CC) for ovulation induction were studied. Of the endometrial biopsies, 21 (24%) showed an endometrium greater than 2 days out of phase (OOP) with respect to the subsequent menstrual cycle. All 87 patients were categorized by age, weight, CC dosage, and underlying disease entity. The patients then were evaluated by these categories in relation to the incidence of an OOP biopsy while taking CC. Patients with a diagnosis of hypothalamic amenorrhea were statistically more likely to have an OOP endometrium. No other subgroup showed an increased or decreased incidence of OOP biopsies. Conception and spontaneous abortion rates were similar among patients with in-phase biopsies and those with out-of-phase biopsies, which subsequently were corrected with further medical therapy. An aggressive approach to the diagnosis and treatment of luteal phase insufficiency in patients who receive CC for ovulation induction is recommended.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"51","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"964","pageEnd":"967","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)60726-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69611183"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)60726-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2721730"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69611183"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gamete-membrane-fusion-in-hamster-spermatozoa-with-reacted-equatorial-segment-recviamim0abztgcq/","name":"Gamete membrane fusion in hamster spermatozoa with reacted equatorial segment","headline":"Gamete membrane fusion in hamster spermatozoa with reacted equatorial segment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gamete-membrane-fusion-in-hamster-spermatozoa-with-reacted-equatorial-segment-recviamim0abztgcq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}}],"datePublished":"1989-06-01","abstract":"Mammalian spermatozoa must undergo many changes to be able to fertilize the oocyte. One of these changes, the acrosome reaction, has been established as a requisite for gamete membrane fusion to occur; it consists of the fusion and vesiculation of the sperm plasma membrane with the outer acrosomal membrane of the principal segment of the acrosome. Reaction of the equatorial segment has occasionally been observed. The objective of the present work was to determine whether the presence of the sperm plasma membrane over the equatorial segment is necessary for gamete membrane fusion to occur. Golden hamster spermatozoa were capacitated in vitro in TAPL 10K, and the maximum possible percentage of acrosome reaction was determined at 82.79% + 1.69% SD (P = 0.27; r = 0.21). Ultrastructural studies showed that 93.6% of the reacted spermatozoa in this population had their principal and equatorial segments reacted. The fertilizing ability of these spermatozoa was assayed using zona-free hamster oocytes. The percentage of fertilized ova obtained was 98.8% (308/312). Ultrastructural studies showed the presence of spermatozoa with reacted equatorial segment inside the cytoplasm of immature oocytes. The evidence presented in this work demonstrates that the plasma membrane of spermatozoa with reacted equatorial segment retains its ability to fuse with the oocyte.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"23","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Gamete research"}}},"pageStart":"203","pageEnd":"213","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1120230207","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45830917"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/mrd.1120230207"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2731904"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q45830917"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/potential-use-of-c-reactive-protein-determinations-in-obstetrics-and-gynecology-recx4awwkrdikfsg1/","name":"Potential use of C-reactive protein determinations in obstetrics and gynecology","headline":"Potential use of C-reactive protein determinations in obstetrics and gynecology","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/potential-use-of-c-reactive-protein-determinations-in-obstetrics-and-gynecology-recx4awwkrdikfsg1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"G R Monif","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9248-2606","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Creighton University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05wf30g94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Chaisilwattana","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mahidol University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01znkr924"}}],"datePublished":"1989-05-01","abstract":"C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute-phase protein synthesized by the liver during the course of a large number of diseases. During gestation and parturition, progressively increasing numbers of gravida develop elevated levels up to 32, 48 to 80 per cent, respectively). These elevations in pregnancy, the nonspecificity of the test, and the inability to function as a reliable marker of fetal and/or maternal infectious morbidity have obscured the pragmatic utility of CRP determinations in both obstetrics and gynecology. Because of its biophysical kinetics, C-reactive protein determinations are best used as a monitoring parameter after the documentation of infection rather than as a diagnostic indicator of infection. They can provide valuable end titration points for termination of parenteral antibiotic therapy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"44","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey"}}},"pageStart":"355","pageEnd":"360","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/00006254-198905000-00013","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38635303"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/00006254-198905000-00013"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2657521"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38635303"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/tamoxifen-treatment-in-women-with-failure-of-clomiphene-citrate-therapy-recpwz3aeqachmpb8/","name":"Tamoxifen treatment in women with failure of clomiphene citrate therapy","headline":"Tamoxifen treatment in women with failure of clomiphene citrate therapy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/tamoxifen-treatment-in-women-with-failure-of-clomiphene-citrate-therapy-recpwz3aeqachmpb8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ρ Borenstein","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaplan Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t0n9020"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Z. Shoham Schwartz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaplan Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t0n9020"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"А. Н. Бараш","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2397-3986","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaplan Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t0n9020"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Barash"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Borenstein","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaplan Hospital, Rehovot, Israel."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Fienstein","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaplan Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t0n9020"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Rozenman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaplan Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t0n9020"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Z Shoham"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Yemini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5633-6473","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaplan Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t0n9020"}}],"datePublished":"1989-05-01","abstract":"Fourteen pregnancies were achieved with tamoxifen therapy in 12 women who failed to conceive with clomiphene citrate. There were no side-effects and fewer treatment cycles were required than with clomiphene citrate treatment. Ovulation and cervical score with tamoxifen therapy were significantly higher (p less than 0.005).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"29","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Australian & New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"173","pageEnd":"175","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1479-828x.1989.tb01711.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69772311"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1479-828x.1989.tb01711.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2803130"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69772311"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/how-precise-is-histologic-dating-of-endometrium-using-the-standard-dating-criter-recsmmrnrhfj5ru88/","name":"How precise is histologic dating of endometrium using the standard dating criteria?","headline":"How precise is histologic dating of endometrium using the standard dating criteria?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/how-precise-is-histologic-dating-of-endometrium-using-the-standard-dating-criter-recsmmrnrhfj5ru88/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Tin Chiu Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0554-2031","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Hallamshire Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00514rc81"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Dockery","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5103-6589","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jessop Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03wc8tg09"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A W Rogers","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0857-7939","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Sheffield","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05krs5044"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ian Cooke","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7000-2306","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Sheffield","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05krs5044"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tin-Chiu Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9658-3836","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Sheffield, United Kingdom."}}],"datePublished":"1989-05-01","abstract":"Sixty-three endometrial biopsies were dated histologically by using the standard criteria on two separate occasions by the same observer. Overall, it was found that exact agreement occurred in 15 (24%), but disagreement of more than 2 days occurred in 6 (10%). The proportion of exact agreement in the first half of the luteal phase (32%) was found to be significantly higher (P less than 0.05) than that in the second half of the luteal phase (9%). In a separate part of the study, 27 women had two endometrial biopsies, each performed in a separate cycle. The within-subject between-cycle variation of the results of endometrial dating (exact agreement: 4%, disagreement of more than 2 days: 41%) was found to be significantly different from intraobserver variation (P less than 0.01 for both). The amount of intraobserver variation suggests that the traditional dating criteria are not precise enough to quantify corpus luteum function in the second half of the luteal phase, whereas the amount of within-subject between-cycle variation implies that the result of endometrial dating in one cycle cannot be used reliably to predict that of another cycle.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"51","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"759","pageEnd":"763","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)60662-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47347531"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)60662-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2651164"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47347531"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/decreased-follicular-phase-gonadotropin-secretion-is-associated-with-impaired-es-rec4od3qnajss0ib2/","name":"Decreased follicular phase gonadotropin secretion is associated with impaired estradiol and progesterone secretion during the follicular and luteal phases in normally menstruating women","headline":"Decreased follicular phase gonadotropin secretion is associated with impaired estradiol and progesterone secretion during the follicular and luteal phases in normally menstruating women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/decreased-follicular-phase-gonadotropin-secretion-is-associated-with-impaired-es-rec4od3qnajss0ib2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"U Schweiger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9807-0979","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04dq56617"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karl‐Martin Pirke","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04dq56617"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Broocks","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04dq56617"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Krusche","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04dq56617"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R G Laessle","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04dq56617"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R J Tuschl","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04dq56617"}}],"datePublished":"1989-05-01","abstract":"We tested the hypothesis that disturbed follicular development and disturbed luteal progesterone (P4) secretion are associated with reduced gonadotropin secretion in the early follicular phase by measuring pulsatile LH and FSH secretion at that time in 53 normally menstruating women. Three groups of women were identified on the basis of serum sex steroid concentrations (measured daily throughout the cycle) and luteal phase length. Group A (n = 27) had normal ovarian hormone secretion with peak serum estradiol (E2) concentrations of 440 pmol/L or more, peak serum P4 concentrations of 19 nmol/L or more, and luteal phase length of 9 days or more. Group B (n = 16) had normal peak serum E2 values, but peak serum P4 values less than 19 nmol/L and/or luteal phase length less than 9 days. Group C (n = 10) had peak serum E2 values below 440 pmol/L. Risk factors for the disturbances found in groups B and C were exercise and/or intermittent dieting. Compared to group A, both groups B and C had reduced mean serum LH concentrations (3.1 +/- 1.5 vs. 2.3 +/- 1.4 and 2.0 +/- 1.0 IU/L; P less than 0.05) and reduced LH pulse frequencies (5.2 +/- 2.1 vs. 3.5 +/- 1.8 and 3.3 +/- 2.3 pulses/12 h; P less than 0.02). LH amplitude was similar in all 3 groups. Mean serum FSH concentrations were slightly but not significantly lower in group C. We conclude that reduced gonadotropin secretion during the follicular phase may indeed affect E2 and P4 secretion at later stages of the menstrual cycle. The patterns of alteration associated with disturbed E2 and P4 secretion in normally menstruating women are similar to those that occur in women with hypothalamic amenorrhea.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"68","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"888","pageEnd":"892","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-68-5-888","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41260873"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jcem-68-5-888"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2497129"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41260873"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/meta-analysis-of-the-relationship-between-asymptomatic-bacteriuria-and-preterm-d-rec912ydscimixrjk/","name":"Meta-analysis of the relationship between asymptomatic bacteriuria and preterm delivery/low birth weight","headline":"Meta-analysis of the relationship between asymptomatic bacteriuria and preterm delivery/low birth weight","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/meta-analysis-of-the-relationship-between-asymptomatic-bacteriuria-and-preterm-d-rec912ydscimixrjk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Oyarzun E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mazor M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sirtori M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hobbins JC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bracken M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roberto Romero","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4448-5121","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}}],"datePublished":"1989-04-01","abstract":"The relationship between asymptomatic bacteriuria and prematurity/low birth weight (LBW) is still a controversial issue, despite many studies. Meta-analysis, a research tool designed to analyze and combine the results of previous studies, may resolve this discrepancy among contradictory results of clinical trials. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between asymptomatic bacteriuria and preterm delivery/LBW using meta-analysis. Reports from the literature were classified according to study design into cohort or randomized-treatment control trials. Meta-analysis of cohort studies showed that untreated asymptomatic bacteriuria during pregnancy significantly increased rates of LBW and preterm delivery. Nonbacteriuric patients had only about two-thirds the risk (typical relative risk = 0.65; 95% confidence interval 0.57, 0.74) of LBW and half the risk (typical relative risk = 0.50; 95% confidence interval 0.36, 0.70) of preterm delivery of those with untreated asymptomatic bacteriuria. These reduced risks correspond to a 3.4 (confidence interval 1.8, 5.0) percentage-point difference in LBW and a 3.8 (1.1, 6.4) percentage-point difference in preterm delivery. The analysis of randomized clinical trials showed that antibiotic treatment significantly reduced the risk of LBW (typical relative risk = 0.56; 95% confidence interval 0.43, 0.73), with a substantial reduction of 6.4 (confidence interval 3.3, 9.5) percentage points in the rate of LBW. We conclude that clinical and epidemiologic evidence indicates a strong association between untreated asymptomatic bacteriuria and LBW/preterm delivery and that antibiotic treatment is effective in reducing the occurrence of LBW.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"73","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"576","pageEnd":"582","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/follicle-size-by-ultrasound-versus-cervical-mucus-quality-normal-and-abnormal-pa-rec7rieqo96emihsh/","name":"Follicle size by ultrasound versus cervical mucus quality: normal and abnormal patterns in spontaneous cycles","headline":"Follicle size by ultrasound versus cervical mucus quality: normal and abnormal patterns in spontaneous cycles","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/follicle-size-by-ultrasound-versus-cervical-mucus-quality-normal-and-abnormal-pa-rec7rieqo96emihsh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen L. Reuter","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0464eyp60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Steven M. Cohen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6633-8173","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0464eyp60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Cohen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9522-4522","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"for the CSDi Study Group"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D C Daly","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Connecticut","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02der9h97"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Mastroianni","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0464eyp60"}}],"datePublished":"1989-04-01","abstract":"Ultrasound (US) has been demonstrated to be the method of choice for diagnosing luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome and to be a valuable adjuvant in the assessment of luteal phase defect. In this prospective study, the use of US with postcoital testing (PCT) is evaluated. Fifty control infertility patients were examined with serial US for follicle dynamics in conjunction with PCT. Standard curves for follicle dynamics versus cervical mucus quality (Insler score) were calculated. Eighteen patients referred for abnormal mucus underwent similar evaluation. Their follicle dynamics versus mucus quality were compared with those of the controls. The findings were: (1) there is a predictable relationship between follicle size and mucus quality, (2) the majority of patients with abnormal mucus have normal follicular dynamics, and (3) a minority of patients with abnormal mucus have either a narrow mucus window or abnormal follicular dynamics. In addition, US was found to be cost-effective in the overall fertility evaluation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"51","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"598","pageEnd":"603","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)60606-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47173642"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)60606-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2522397"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47173642"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/twenty-four-hour-progesterone-and-luteinizing-hormone-profiles-in-the-midluteal--rec7hwavfnu2pbrev/","name":"Twenty-four-hour progesterone and luteinizing hormone profiles in the midluteal phase of the infertile patient: correlation with other indicators of luteal phase insufficiency","headline":"Twenty-four-hour progesterone and luteinizing hormone profiles in the midluteal phase of the infertile patient: correlation with other indicators of luteal phase insufficiency","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/twenty-four-hour-progesterone-and-luteinizing-hormone-profiles-in-the-midluteal--rec7hwavfnu2pbrev/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"D L Olive","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4392-6909","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00xcryt71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T S Lambert","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00xcryt71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G F Rosen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00xcryt71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P J Thomford","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00xcryt71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S E Torres","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00xcryt71"}}],"datePublished":"1989-04-01","abstract":"The authors have further analyzed women diagnosed as having luteal phase insufficiency in hope of determining the value of specific screening tests as well as determining the degree of heterogeneity of pathophysiologic mechanisms involved in the disorder. Twelve women with the disorder were identified, 6 with two consecutive midluteal serum progesterone (P) levels less than 10 ng/ml (group 1) and 6 with two consecutive late luteal phase endometrial biopsies out of phase (group 2); 4 infertile women with normal serum P and late luteal biopsies also were studied (group 3). All underwent serum sampling for P and luteinizing hormone (LH) at 20-minute intervals for 24 hours, beginning at 9:00 A.M. of day 7 post-LH surge. No significant differences were noted among the three groups for LH area under the curve, pulse frequency, or pulse amplitude. Furthermore, no differences were ascertained for P area under the curve. However, individuals were identified who had one or more hormonal abnormalities but no abnormal biopsy, as well as patients with normal hormonal profiles but having abnormal endometrial development. Receiver Operating Characteristic curves demonstrated that pooled morning serum P levels provided optimal predictive ability of biopsy results. The authors conclude that luteal phase insufficiency is a heterogeneous disorder, and that neither endometrial biopsy nor serum hormonal analysis obviates the need for the other.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"51","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"587","pageEnd":"592","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)60604-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47584158"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)60604-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2924929"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47584158"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-incidence-of-luteal-phase-defect-in-normal-fertile-women-determined-by-seria-recimjzoxssvyemm3/","name":"The incidence of luteal phase defect in normal, fertile women, determined by serial endometrial biopsies","headline":"The incidence of luteal phase defect in normal, fertile women, determined by serial endometrial biopsies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-incidence-of-luteal-phase-defect-in-normal-fertile-women-determined-by-seria-recimjzoxssvyemm3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Owen Davis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9818-5279","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cornell University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A S Berkeley","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"New York University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0190ak572"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"I N Cholst","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NewYork–Presbyterian Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03gzbrs57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K S Freedman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NewYork–Presbyterian Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03gzbrs57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G J Naus","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NewYork–Presbyterian Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03gzbrs57"}}],"datePublished":"1989-04-01","abstract":"Five regularly menstruating women of proven fertility, with normal prolactin and thyroid function studies, underwent a total of 39 endometrial biopsies (EMBs). The slides were dated in blinded fashion, and the cycle date determined by considering the date of the next menstrual period as day 28 and counting backward. Using a 2-day or greater lag in endometrial maturity to define a luteal phase defect (LPD), the incidence of single and sequential out-of-phase EMBs was 51.4% and 26.7%, respectively. Using a 3-day or greater lag to define a LPD, the incidence of single and sequential out-of-phase EMBs was 31.4% and 6.6%, respectively. These incidences in normal, fertile women are as high as the rates quoted for infertile populations, and call into question the standard criteria for defining this condition and evaluating therapies to correct it.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"51","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"582","pageEnd":"586","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)60603-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69963185"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)60603-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2924928"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69963185"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/origin-of-luteinizing-hormone-releasing-hormone-neurons-rec3yucnhqfkzwqii/","name":"Origin of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone neurons","headline":"Origin of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone neurons","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/origin-of-luteinizing-hormone-releasing-hormone-neurons-rec3yucnhqfkzwqii/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marlene Schwanzel‐Fukuda","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rockefeller University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0420db125"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D W Pfaff","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6569-8505","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rockefeller University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0420db125"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Schwanzel-Fukuda","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5337-8937","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10021."}}],"datePublished":"1989-03-09","abstract":"Neurons expressing luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH), found in the septal-preoptic nuclei and hypothalamus, control the release of gonadotropic hormones from the anterior pituitary gland and facilitate reproductive behaviour. LHRH-expressing neurons are also found in the nervus terminalis, a cranial nerve that is a part of the accessory olfactory system and which projects directly from the nose to the septal-preoptic nuclei in the brain. During development, LHRH-immunoreactivity is detected in the peripheral parts of the nervus terminalis before it is found in the brain. Using a combination of LHRH immunocytochemistry and tritiated thymidine autoradiography in fetal mice, we show that LHRH neurons originate in the medial olfactory placode of the developing nose, migrate across the nasal septum and enter the forebrain with the nervus terminalis, arching into the septal-preoptic area and hypothalamus. Clinically, this migratory route for LHRH-expressing neurons could explain the deficiency of gonadotropins seen in 'Kallmann's syndrome' (hypogonadotropic hypogonadism with anosmia).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"338","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6211","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nature"}}},"pageStart":"161","pageEnd":"164","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1038/338161a0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34497621"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/338161a0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2645530"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34497621"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/c-reactive-protein-in-preterm-labour-association-with-outcome-of-tocolysis-and-p-recybxyktnvvvqrzt/","name":"C-reactive protein in preterm labour: association with outcome of tocolysis and placental histology","headline":"C-reactive protein in preterm labour: association with outcome of tocolysis and placental histology","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/c-reactive-protein-in-preterm-labour-association-with-outcome-of-tocolysis-and-p-recybxyktnvvvqrzt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"H Cammu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5446-7886","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","sameAs":"https://ror.org/006e5kg04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Goossens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1599-551X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","sameAs":"https://ror.org/006e5kg04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M. P. Derde","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","sameAs":"https://ror.org/006e5kg04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J J Amy","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","sameAs":"https://ror.org/006e5kg04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W Foulon","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","sameAs":"https://ror.org/006e5kg04"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Temmerman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","sameAs":"https://ror.org/006e5kg04"}}],"datePublished":"1989-03-01","abstract":"Tocolytics were administered in 66 consecutive women in uncomplicated preterm labour with intact fetal membranes (53 singleton and 13 twin pregnancies). C-reactive protein (CRP), a marker of infection, was determined daily and used retrospectively to investigate the role of subclinical infection in preterm labour and to predict the efficacy of tocolysis and the development of a clinical perinatal infection. CRP was also determined in 66 women in uncomplicated labour at term (53 singleton and 13 twin pregnancies). The placenta was examined for histological evidence of infection in all patients who were delivered before 36 weeks (n = 21) and in all women in the control group (n = 66). Elevated CRP levels were more often found in patients who were refractory to tocolysis, suggesting an underlying infectious morbidity. Placental infection was found in 62% of the preterm delivery group and in 12% of the control group. There was an association between elevated CRP levels and histological evidence of placental infection. However, confounding factors such as urinary tract infections limit the usefulness of the CRP test. Because CRP cannot predict clinical perinatal infection accurately, its clinical relevance is very limited.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"96","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"314","pageEnd":"319","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1989.tb02391.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69596744"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1471-0528.1989.tb02391.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2713290"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69596744"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraception-smoking-and-inflammatory-bowel-disease--findings-in-the-royal-recskflg87kvh2gnv/","name":"Oral contraception, smoking and inflammatory bowel disease--findings in the Royal  College of General Practitioners Oral Contraception Study","headline":"Oral contraception, smoking and inflammatory bowel disease--findings in the Royal  College of General Practitioners Oral Contraception Study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraception-smoking-and-inflammatory-bowel-disease--findings-in-the-royal-recskflg87kvh2gnv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R F Logan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4058-5835","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's Medical Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ap6wx93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C R Kay","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal College of General Practitioners","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01gdbf303"}}],"datePublished":"1989-03-01","abstract":"Data from the Royal College of General Practitioners Oral Contraception Study have been examined to determine whether oral contraceptive use was associated with the development of Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis. Over a 17 year period Crohn's disease developed in 42 women and ulcerative colitis in 78. The incidence of both diseases was greater in oral contraceptive users compared to non-users with the rate ratio for Crohn's disease being 1.7 (95% confidence limits, 0.88, 3.2) and for ulcerative colitis being 1.3 (95% confidence limits 0.82, 2.0). For both diseases incidence was unrelated to parity or social class, but women smoking at recruitment had a greater incidence of Crohn's disease (rate ratio 1.8, 95% confidence limits 0.93, 3.3) and a reduced incidence of ulcerative colitis (rate ratio 0.68, 95% confidence limits 0.41, 1.1). Although these results are based on small numbers and could be chance findings, they are consistent with other studies showing associations between oral contraceptive use, smoking and the development of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Epidemiology"}}},"pageStart":"105","pageEnd":"107","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/18.1.105","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69612297"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/ije/18.1.105"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2722351"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69612297"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-clomiphene-citrate-on-follicular-phase-increase-in-endometrial-thi-recu6uh09ksu5zeqe/","name":"The effect of clomiphene citrate on follicular phase increase in endometrial thickness and uterine volume","headline":"The effect of clomiphene citrate on follicular phase increase in endometrial thickness and uterine volume","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-clomiphene-citrate-on-follicular-phase-increase-in-endometrial-thi-recu6uh09ksu5zeqe/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Place J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carter GD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alaghband-Zadeh J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pawson ME"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jones J","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6896-5592"},{"@type":"Person","name":"John Eden","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8671-268X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Hospital for Women","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021cxfs56"}}],"datePublished":"1989-02-01","abstract":"Fifteen ovulating women had serial ultrasound scans to measure follicular, endometrial, and uterine growth, as well as biochemical indices including estradiol (E2) and the free androgen index, throughout a natural and a clomiphene-citrate-induced cycle. Despite higher E2 levels in the 5 days preceding ovulation, the clomiphene cycles were characterized by absence of the normal increase in uterine volume and an inhibition of endometrial thickening. It is proposed that the anti-estrogen effect of clomiphene inhibits the normal cyclical growth of the uterus and endometrium.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"73","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"187","pageEnd":"190","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44300042","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2492092"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44300042"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/spironolactone-with-physiological-female-steroids-for-presurgical-therapy-of-mal-recs8iepwhnrwqkyn/","name":"Spironolactone with physiological female steroids for presurgical therapy of male-to-female transsexualism","headline":"Spironolactone with physiological female steroids for presurgical therapy of male-to-female transsexualism","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/spironolactone-with-physiological-female-steroids-for-presurgical-therapy-of-mal-recs8iepwhnrwqkyn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Watson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4387-0818","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y M Vigna","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8840-192X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"1989-02-01","abstract":"The clinical and hormonal response to 12-month therapy with the antiandrogen, spironolactone, in conjunction with near-physiologic doses of female gonadal steroids in 50 transsexual males, is presented. An unselected referred series of 61 men with the psychiatric diagnosis of transsexualism was treated; 10 subjects who had received previous gonadal surgery and 1 man with Klinefelter's syndrome were excluded. Twenty-seven conventionally treated (CT; high-dose estrogen), age 34.4 +/- 10.5 years, mean +/- SD, and 23 untreated patients (SPS), age 30.7 +/- 6.2 years, were studied. Following the initial visit, all 50 were begun on spironolactone and low-dose female hormone therapy. Despite high-dose estrogen treatment for more than 2 years, the mean testosterone (T) level for the CT group was not in the female range (169 +/- 193 ng/dl; normal 20-80). Spironolactone, in doses of 200-600 mg/day, lowered T to the female range in both groups after 12 months (CT 87 +/- 111 and SPS 49 +/- 41 ng/dl). This was achieved in the CT group despite decreases in estrogen dose and discontinuation of parenteral therapy. SPS subjects experienced significant decreases in plasma T (642 +/- 236 to 49 +/- 41 ng/dl, p less than 0.001). Systolic blood pressure dropped (128 +/- 14 to 121 +/- 14 mm Hg, p less than 0.05). The clinical response, including decreased male pattern hair, breast development, feminization, and lack of erections was excellent in most subjects.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Arch Sex Behav"}}},"pageStart":"49","pageEnd":"57","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01579291","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34448441"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/bf01579291"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2540730"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34448441"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/alterations-in-the-hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian-and-the-hypothalamic-pituitary-recvhdcxz9ds0t9kj/","name":"Alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axes in athletic women","headline":"Alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axes in athletic women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/alterations-in-the-hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian-and-the-hypothalamic-pituitary-recvhdcxz9ds0t9kj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S. S. C. YEN","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Girton","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A B Loucks","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine (T-002), University of California-San Diego, La Jolla 92093."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J F Mortola","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48"}}],"datePublished":"1989-02-01","abstract":"The functional integrity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axes was assessed by determining pulsatile LH, ACTH, and cortisol secretion during the early follicular phase in athletic women with regular menstrual cycles (CA; n = 9), athletic women with amenorrhea (AA; n = 9), and regularly cyclic sedentary women (CS; n = 8). The CA and AA women were not significantly different in body composition, exercise training, psychometric tests, or dietary consumption. The CA women had shorter luteal phases (P less than 0.05) and lower urinary excretion of pregnanediol glucuronide than the CS women. In the AA women, urinary estrone glucuronide, pregnanediol glucuronide, and LH excretion were low throughout a 30-day period. The CA women had a 24-h pattern of pulsatile LH secretion characterized by reduced frequency (P less than 0.05) and increased amplitude (P less than 0.05), yielding an overall increased 24-h mean level (P less than 0.05), but interpulse intervals similar to those in the CS women. During sleep, LH pulse frequency slowed in the CS and CA women, while pulse amplitude increased and the mean serum LH level decreased in both groups. The AA women had even fewer pulses (P less than 0.05) of normal amplitude occurring at much more variable (P less than 0.01) interpulse intervals. Sleep-associated changes in LH pulsatility were absent. Responses to a 10-microgram bolus GnRH dose revealed blunted (P less than 0.05) FSH release in CA and augmented (P less than 0.05) LH release in AA women. The groups did not differ in any 24-h ACTH pulse pattern parameter or in cortisol pulse frequencies. Yet, early morning (0200-0800 h) serum cortisol levels were higher (P less than 0.05) in both groups of athletes, and this elevation was extended through the day (0800-2000 h; P less than 0.001) and evening (2000-0200 h; P less than 0.05) in the AA women. The plasma ACTH and serum cortisol responses to bolus human CRH administration were blunted in the CA and AA women [change from baseline (delta) in ACTH, P less than 0.05 and P less than 0.01; delta cortisol, P less than 0.01 and P less than 0.01, respectively], but adrenal sensitivity (delta cortisol/delta ACTH ratio) was increased (P less than 0.05). The plasma ACTH and serum cortisol responses to meals also were blunted in the athletic groups (P less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"68","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"402","pageEnd":"411","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-68-2-402","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46590787"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jcem-68-2-402"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2537332"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46590787"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/spiritual-well-being-self-esteem-and-intimacy-among-couples-using-natural-family-recha19vpjqfdyqpr/","name":"Spiritual Well-being, Self-esteem and Intimacy Among Couples Using Natural Family Planning","headline":"Spiritual Well-being, Self-esteem and Intimacy Among Couples Using Natural Family Planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/spiritual-well-being-self-esteem-and-intimacy-among-couples-using-natural-family-recha19vpjqfdyqpr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Donna Lawrence"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Catherine M. Sauvage"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard J Fehring","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-4813","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gr4te78"}}],"datePublished":"1989-01-01","pageStart":"227","pageEnd":"36","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34785399","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34785399"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-regulation-of-the-menstrual-cycle-the-evolution-of-concepts-recegftbqpy6ayemv/","name":"Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle: The Evolution of Concepts","headline":"Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle: The Evolution of Concepts","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-regulation-of-the-menstrual-cycle-the-evolution-of-concepts-recegftbqpy6ayemv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Gruhn JG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R R Kazer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Northwestern University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/000e0be47"}}],"datePublished":"1989-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-clomiphene-citrate-and-vaginal-progesterone-suppositories-in-the-treatment--rec03j5xmmzgkbt38/","name":"Oral clomiphene citrate and vaginal progesterone suppositories in the treatment of luteal phase dysfunction: a comparative study","headline":"Oral clomiphene citrate and vaginal progesterone suppositories in the treatment of luteal phase dysfunction: a comparative study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-clomiphene-citrate-and-vaginal-progesterone-suppositories-in-the-treatment--rec03j5xmmzgkbt38/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E Y Adashi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7730-1192","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D L Murray","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Reich","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64"}}],"datePublished":"1989-01-01","abstract":"Oral clomiphene citrate (CC) and vaginal progesterone suppositories (PS) are common treatment modalities in luteal phase dysfunction (LPD). Little is known regarding the relative efficacy of these agents. To study the use of CC and PS in the management of LPD, a retrospective cohort study of patients presenting with infertility was undertaken. Sixty-five patients in whom LPD was diagnosed and corrected, as judged by endometrial biopsies, were studied; 35 were treated with PS and 30 with CC. Using Student's t-tests and chi-square analyses, the two treatment groups were demographically comparable. Using life-table analysis, no one therapeutic approach proved superior. Clomiphene citrate and PS are comparable treatment modalities in the setting of LPD given correction of endometrial lag.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"51","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"35","pageEnd":"41","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)60424-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69936415"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)60424-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2910717"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69936415"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/correlation-of-endometrial-maturation-with-four-methods-of-estimating-day-of-ovu-recbpjmo5kzq22irl/","name":"Correlation of endometrial maturation with four methods of estimating day of ovulation","headline":"Correlation of endometrial maturation with four methods of estimating day of ovulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/correlation-of-endometrial-maturation-with-four-methods-of-estimating-day-of-ovu-recbpjmo5kzq22irl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Shoupe D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mishell DR Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lacarra M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Horenstein J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"d'Ablaing G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Moyer D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R A Lobo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1472-8313","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University"}}],"datePublished":"1989-01-01","abstract":"Dating of maturity of the endometrium by histologic examination was correlated with four methods of ovulation detection in 13 cycling parous women. Histologic dating was assessed independently by two pathologists and correlated with the postovulatory duration as determined by daily transvaginal ultrasound scanning, serum LH measurements, basal body temperature (BBT), and subtraction of 14 days from the onset of menses. In addition, progesterone and estradiol (E2) were measured in daily serum samples. Dating of the endometrial biopsy was highly correlated (P less than .002) with the day of ovulation as determined by ultrasound, and was found to be within 2 days of the correct postovulatory day on evaluation of 25 of 26 (96.1%) of the interpretations. The accuracy of dating using the LH surge was 84.6% (22 of 26 interpretations), and with the BBT thermogenic shift was 76.9% (20 of 26 interpretations). However, dating of the endometrium was within 2 days of the correct day in only 17 of the 26 interpretations as determined by subtracting 14 days from the onset of the subsequent menses. The accuracy of dating was significantly better correlated (P less than .025) with days from ovulation as determined by ultrasound than as calculated from the onset of menses. There was a significant correlation between endometrial dating and the amount of progesterone (P less than .01) and E2 (P less than .01) secreted from the day of ovulation, as determined by transvaginal ultrasound, to the day of biopsy. These data confirm a strong correlation between endometrial dating and ovarian hormone secretion during the postovulatory phase.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"73","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"88","pageEnd":"92","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-woman-with-endometriosis-ignored-dismissed-and-devalued-a-research-pilot-stu-rec3841obrvlztfcc/","name":"Bone mineral density in women with endometriosis before and during ovarian suppression with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists or danazol","headline":"Bone mineral density in women with endometriosis before and during ovarian suppression with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists or danazol","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-woman-with-endometriosis-ignored-dismissed-and-devalued-a-research-pilot-stu-rec3841obrvlztfcc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Halstead L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"W P Dmowski","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00xcryt71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Pepping"}],"datePublished":"1989-01-01","abstract":"Lumbar bone mineral density (BMD) was evaluated by dual photon absorptiometry (DPA) in 38 women with laparoscopically diagnosed and staged endometriosis. DPA was performed before and at the completion of 26 weeks of treatment with either gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) or danazol. Twenty-five women received GnRHa either nasally or subcutaneously and 13 women received danazol 200 mg four times daily by mouth. During treatment amenorrhea and suppressed estradiol levels were observed in all patients. Each patient took a supplement of oral calcium 1 gm daily. DPA (reproducibility +/- 1.5%) was read by a single observer unaware of the treatment assignment of the patient. The mean (+/- standard error) of the entire group prior to treatment was 98.8% +/- 0.03% of a control population of women from the same geographic area matched for race, age, and weight. At the completion of treatment, BMD was slightly decreased in the GnRHa group and marginally increased in the danazol group but neither change was significant. Women with endometriosis have lumbar BMD in the normal range and ovarian suppression with either GnRHa or danazol produces no significant change in BMD.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/inability-of-sonography-to-detect-imminent-ovulation-recaugdd6vmbngzmb/","name":"Inability of sonography to detect imminent ovulation","headline":"Inability of sonography to detect imminent ovulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/inability-of-sonography-to-detect-imminent-ovulation-recaugdd6vmbngzmb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"MK Thorsen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical College of Wisconsin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00qqv6244"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"WD Middleton","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary E. McAsey","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical College of Wisconsin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00qqv6244"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Aiman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical College of Wisconsin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00qqv6244"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Harms","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8337-5195","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical College of Wisconsin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00qqv6244"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Zandt-Stastny","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical College of Wisconsin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00qqv6244"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Zion","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical College of Wisconsin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00qqv6244"}}],"datePublished":"1989-01-01","abstract":"Sonographic visualization of the cumulus oophorus or of morphologic alterations in the wall of the dominant follicle have been reported to be reliable signs of imminent ovulation when conventional transabdominal sonography is used. To determine if transvaginal sonography could allow a more frequent and confident prediction of imminent ovulation, we prospectively monitored 22 ovulatory menstrual cycles in four women undergoing artificial insemination and in 13 normally menstruating volunteers. Scanning was done on alternate days in the periovulatory period; a 7.5-MHz transvaginal transducer was used. Despite the improved resolution obtained with transvaginal sonography, confident identification of the cumulus oophorus or of mural changes in the follicle was not possible in any of the cycles followed. No other consistent follicular characteristic predicted imminent ovulation. We conclude that confident prediction of imminent ovulation is not possible with sonographic analysis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"152","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology"}}},"pageStart":"91","pageEnd":"95","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.2214/ajr.152.1.91","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69481196"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2214/ajr.152.1.91"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2642364"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69481196"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/intense-exercise-during-the-first-two-trimesters-of-unapparent-pregnancy-recm1sestviezzdgy/","name":"Intense Exercise During the First Two Trimesters of Unapparent Pregnancy","headline":"Intense Exercise During the First Two Trimesters of Unapparent Pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/intense-exercise-during-the-first-two-trimesters-of-unapparent-pregnancy-recm1sestviezzdgy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sheila M. Pride"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G C Cohen"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y M Vigna","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8840-192X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"1989-01-01","abstract":"In brief: Two runners who were not aware they had conceived continued their intense running regimens during the first and second trimesters of pregnancy. Both women assumed that their amenorrhea was due to endurance training. When their pregnancies were diagnosed, both women markedly reduced their training mileage during the third trimester because they feared that intense exercise might harm the fetus. Retrospective data were collected on their antenatal and intrapartum courses. Both women delivered healthy infants of normal weight. Although these two cases suggest that strenuous anaerobic exercise during pregnancy is not harmful, more studies are needed to determine if these cases are isolated.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Physician and Sportsmedicine"}}},"pageStart":"87","pageEnd":"94","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/00913847.1989.11709684","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q87978866"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/00913847.1989.11709684"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"27448004"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q87978866"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cobalt-in-the-environment-and-its-toxicological-implications-lhelsplc/","name":"Cobalt in the Environment and Its Toxicological Implications","headline":"Cobalt in the Environment and Its Toxicological Implications","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cobalt-in-the-environment-and-its-toxicological-implications-lhelsplc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"José L Domingo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9470","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitat Rovira i Virgili","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00g5sqv46"}}],"datePublished":"1989-01-01","abstract":"Cobalt is an essential trace element which is widely distributed in nature. Most of cobalt consumed is used in the manufacture of alloys, and although not released extensively in the environment, it may represent a hazard to human health. In addition, excess dietary cobalt produces toxic effects in animals. Polycythemia and hyperglycemia with transitory damage to pancreatic alpha-cells have been widely reported after cobalt administration. Cobalt salts induce respiratory deficiency in yeast. CoCl2 increased sister chromatid exchange (SCE) in P388D1 cells and in lymphocytes from two donors. So far it has not been possible to induce cancer in experimental animals using cobalt by any other route than by injection. Ingestion of cobalt may lead to reproductive changes in the male rat such as loss of testicular volume and darkening of testicle color. On the other hand, oral administration of cobalt did not produce teratogenicity or significant fetotoxicity in the rat at daily doses as high as 100 mg CoCl2/kg. However, cobalt affected the period of late gestation as well as the postnatal development of the pups. Occupational toxicology of cobalt, hygienic and epidemiologic aspects, and treatment of cobalt poisoning are also topics of special interest. Cobalt is a metal with marked allergenic potential. Asthma, interstitial lung disease and combined asthma and alveolitis have been described as occupational health hazards. EDTA, DTPA, and N-acetyl-L-cysteine have been suggested as possible antidotes in cobalt intoxication.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology"},"pageStart":"105","pageEnd":"132","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8850-0_3","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/978-1-4613-8850-0_3"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/encountering-human-ecology-natural-family-planning-recmvi1s60kvysvru/","name":"Encountering Human Ecology: Natural Family Planning","headline":"Encountering Human Ecology: Natural Family Planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/encountering-human-ecology-natural-family-planning-recmvi1s60kvysvru/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1989-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-of-human-menopausal-gonadotropins-as-therapy-for-abnormal-cervical-mucu-recnvmwqmbqtmeeao/","name":"Efficacy of human menopausal gonadotropins as therapy for abnormal cervical mucus","headline":"Efficacy of human menopausal gonadotropins as therapy for abnormal cervical mucus","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-of-human-menopausal-gonadotropins-as-therapy-for-abnormal-cervical-mucu-recnvmwqmbqtmeeao/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"D C Daly","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Connecticut","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02der9h97"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Soto-Albors","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6034-8234","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ying Ying","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9782-6292","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/037p24858"}}],"datePublished":"1989-01-01","abstract":"Traditional therapies for abnormal cervical mucus, other than timed intrauterine insemination, are noteworthy for being ineffectual. Patients (n = 27) with documented abnormal Insler scores in repetitive cycles and failure to conceive with traditional treatments were screened with conjugated equine estrogens (CEE) for estrogen responsiveness of the cervix. Only 5 patients were found unresponsive. Seventeen patients with CEE-responsive cervices then were treated with human gonadotropins (hMG), initially 1 ampule days 5 to 11. If the mucus failed to improve, the hMG was increased to standard doses. Eight patients responded to 1 ampule hMG with improved mucus and conception. The remainder required 2 ampules hMG. In patient cycles with corrected cervical mucus, the viable fecundibility (fv) was 0.35. This is significantly higher than predicted for this population (fv = 0.09; P less than 0.01). In all, 14 of 17 patients conceived viable pregnancies during hMG treatment. It is concluded that graduated hMG is efficacious in treating patients with abnormal cervical mucus responsive to CEE. It is preferable to either in vitro fertilization or gamete intrafallopian transfer, based on both cost and efficacy for most patients.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"51","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"58","pageEnd":"62","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)60428-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69324705"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)60428-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2535987"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69324705"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-validity-of-gestational-age-estimation-by-menstrual-dating-in-term-preterm-a-recck8ekgazd5vc0s/","name":"The validity of gestational age estimation by menstrual dating in term, preterm, and postterm gestations","headline":"The validity of gestational age estimation by menstrual dating in term, preterm, and postterm gestations","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-validity-of-gestational-age-estimation-by-menstrual-dating-in-term-preterm-a-recck8ekgazd5vc0s/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R H Usher"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M E Boyd"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael S Kramer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5977-8461","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Pediatrics, McGill University Faculty of Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02w6r0892"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F H McLean"}],"datePublished":"1988-12-09","abstract":"Despite recognition that estimation of gestational age (GA) based on maternal recollection of the last normal menstrual period (LNMP) is fraught with error, it is not generally appreciated that the magnitude and direction of this error vary as a function of the LNMP estimate. Early second-trimester (16 to 18 weeks) ultrasound determinations of the fetal biparietal diameter were used as the \"gold standard\" to test the validity of LNMP-based GA estimates in 11,045 women. The large majority of deliveries occurring at or near term showed LNMP estimates that were valid within plus or minus seven days of the ultrasound estimate. As the LNMP GA deviated progressively toward earlier or later GAs, however, the discrepancies became quite marked, especially for postterm dates. The positive predictive values of the LNMP GA estimates decreased dramatically from term (.949) to preterm (.775) to postterm (.119) deliveries. These systematic errors in menstrual GA estimates have profound implications for unnecessary induction, dysfunctional labor and cesarean section, and resultant neonatal and maternal morbidity.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"260","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA"}}},"pageStart":"3306","pageEnd":"3308","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1988.03410220090034","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47348199"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jama.1988.03410220090034"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3054193"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47348199"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-interobserver-variation-in-dating-endometrial-histology-on-the-dia-rechzatglstyheyd1/","name":"The effect of interobserver variation in dating endometrial histology on the diagnosis of luteal phase defects","headline":"The effect of interobserver variation in dating endometrial histology on the diagnosis of luteal phase defects","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-interobserver-variation-in-dating-endometrial-histology-on-the-dia-rechzatglstyheyd1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard T Scott","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2572-3980","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wilford Hall Ambulatory Surgical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/025m0q735"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Daniel Strickland","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8684-9184","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"United States Air Force","sameAs":"https://ror.org/006gmme17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C A Adair","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"United States Air Force","sameAs":"https://ror.org/006gmme17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J A Bagnall","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"United States Air Force","sameAs":"https://ror.org/006gmme17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S B Hensley","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"United States Air Force","sameAs":"https://ror.org/006gmme17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K R Reed","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"United States Air Force","sameAs":"https://ror.org/006gmme17"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R R Snyder","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wilford Hall Ambulatory Surgical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/025m0q735"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C C Tyburski","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"United States Air Force","sameAs":"https://ror.org/006gmme17"}}],"datePublished":"1988-12-01","abstract":"Endometrial biopsy specimens (n = 62) were evaluated by five pathologists to assess the effect of interobserver variation on histologic dating of the endometrium. The potential effect of this variation on the diagnosis of luteal phase defects (LPDs) and resulting clinical management was also determined. Mean (+/- standard error) interobserver variation was 0.96 +/- 0.08 days, comparable to results reported by other investigators. The magnitude of the variation was not affected by whether the biopsy specimen was obtained in the mid or late luteal phase, the degree of lag between the dating and subsequent menses, or the presence of an LPD. Redating of a specimen by another pathologist would have resulted in a change in the determination of \"in\" or \"out\" of phase in 22% of cases. The subsequent probability of changing patient management altered ranged from 22% to 39% depending on the clinical setting.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"50","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"888","pageEnd":"892","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)60367-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47348228"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)60367-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3203751"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47348228"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-luteinized-unruptured-follicle-and-other-ovulatory-dysfunctions-recxrtaguesb2rn9p/","name":"The luteinized unruptured follicle and other ovulatory dysfunctions","headline":"The luteinized unruptured follicle and other ovulatory dysfunctions","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-luteinized-unruptured-follicle-and-other-ovulatory-dysfunctions-recxrtaguesb2rn9p/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Edward E. Wallach"},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Katz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7958-5088","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64"}}],"datePublished":"1988-12-01","abstract":"DlJ. ring the last stage of puberty, the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis acquires the ability to respond to high levels of estradiol; this results in a sharp increase in the pituitary output of luteinizing hormone (LH). It is believed that within a mature follicle, the LH surge triggers a complex set of events that results in two apparently independent phenomena: ovulation and luteinization. The term ovulation will imply rupture of the follicular wall and release of an oocyte, whereas luteinization will imply the morphologic and biochemical shift in the …","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"50","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"839","pageEnd":"850","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)60359-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39549208"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)60359-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3060378"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39549208"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/spontaneous-abortions-in-women-with-endometriosis-recfitx4blj1zg8sf/","name":"Spontaneous abortions in women with endometriosis","headline":"Spontaneous abortions in women with endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/spontaneous-abortions-in-women-with-endometriosis-recfitx4blj1zg8sf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J A Fayez","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04v8djg66"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D E Pittaway","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04v8djg66"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Vernon","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04v8djg66"}}],"datePublished":"1988-11-01","abstract":"Pregnancy outcomes were evaluated retrospectively in 350 women to investigate the relationship between endometriosis and spontaneous abortions. The frequency of spontaneous abortions in women with endometriosis was significantly higher than in both a fertile nonendometriosis group and an infertile group with tubal disease. There was no correlation between the severity of the endometriosis and the frequency of spontaneous abortions. After treatment, the frequency of spontaneous abortions was significantly decreased in both the endometriosis and the tubal disease group, but these values were not significantly different from each other. We conclude that high spontaneous abortion rates are a characteristic of other subgroups of women with secondary infertility and not just in women with endometriosis, and that the majority of spontaneous abortions associated with endometriosis are not caused by the condition.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"50","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"711","pageEnd":"715","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)60303-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67953809"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)60303-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3181482"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q67953809"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-comparison-of-the-psychological-and-hormonal-factors-in-women-with-and-without-recpjlvmuzaakylkb/","name":"A comparison of the psychological and hormonal factors in women with and without premenstrual syndrome","headline":"A comparison of the psychological and hormonal factors in women with and without premenstrual syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-comparison-of-the-psychological-and-hormonal-factors-in-women-with-and-without-recpjlvmuzaakylkb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C W Turner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6078-0860"},{"@type":"Person","name":"W R Keye"},{"@type":"Person","name":"E P Trunnell"}],"datePublished":"1988-11-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"97","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"}}},"pageStart":"429","pageEnd":"436","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1037//0021-843x.97.4.429","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67990707"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1037//0021-843x.97.4.429"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3204228"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q67990707"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-the-subcutaneous-terbutaline-pump-for-long-term-tocolysis-reckjsqckgcav2vym/","name":"Use of the subcutaneous terbutaline pump for long-term tocolysis","headline":"Use of the subcutaneous terbutaline pump for long-term tocolysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-the-subcutaneous-terbutaline-pump-for-long-term-tocolysis-reckjsqckgcav2vym/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Gill P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kitzmiller JL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"P J Gill","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Katz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9817-4839","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Lam","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4659-7247","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Miranda Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9372-1381","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Pathology, Southern Regional Area Health Education Center, Fayetteville, North Carolina, USA.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0036ate90"}}],"datePublished":"1988-11-01","abstract":"Nine patients in preterm labor requiring long-term tocolysis were managed with subcutaneous terbutaline administered via a portable infusion pump. All had failed oral tocolytic therapy and were therefore faced with prolonged hospitalization. In this feasibility study, the patients were treated at home and monitored with portable tocodynamometers and home nursing visits. Uterine activity data were transmitted via telephone to the study center and terbutaline pump infusion rates were adjusted accordingly. Terbutaline pump therapy consisted of a combination of low-dose continuous basal infusion supplemented with intermittent high-dose boluses. Total daily drug dosage remained exceptionally low (less than 3 mg/24 hours). The mean gestational age at initiation of therapy was 29.6 +/- 3.7 weeks, and pregnancy was prolonged an average of 9.2 +/- 4.3 weeks. The minimum gestational age at delivery was 37.3 weeks. Patient tolerance was excellent and, in a total 394 patient-days of therapy, there were no significant complications. We conclude that the portable subcutaneous terbutaline pump may be a promising new method for long-term outpatient tocolysis in patients who cannot be maintained on oral therapy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"72","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"810","pageEnd":"813","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sedative-and-hypnotic-effects-of-oral-administration-of-micronized-progesterone--reczddknwxovxsf04/","name":"Sedative and hypnotic effects of oral administration of micronized progesterone may be mediated through its metabolites","headline":"Sedative and hypnotic effects of oral administration of micronized progesterone may be mediated through its metabolites","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sedative-and-hypnotic-effects-of-oral-administration-of-micronized-progesterone--reczddknwxovxsf04/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R Andersen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5128-3547","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Norwegian Labour and Welfare Administration"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E S Arafat","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rust College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02t6r9161"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D M Desiderio"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J T Hargrove","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W S Maxson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A C Wentz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74"}}],"datePublished":"1988-11-01","abstract":"Progesterone and its metabolites were measured in serum extracts by radioimmunoassay and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, respectively, after ingestion of micronized progesterone by eight postmenopausal women. One subject received 400 mg of micronized progesterone orally that induced a hypnotic state that lasted for approximately 2 hours. Blood samples were drawn periodically from all subjects for measurement of progesterone and its metabolites in serum. Levels of serum progesterone and its metabolites increased significantly from baseline values and reached a peak between 2 and 6 hours after oral progesterone administration. Significant quantities of five compounds (progesterone, 5 alpha-pregnan-3 alpha-ol-20-one, 5 beta-pregnan-3 alpha-ol-20-one, 5 beta-pregnan-3 alpha,20 beta-diol, and 5 beta-pregnan-3 alpha-ol-11,20-dione) that have been reported to possess anesthetic qualities were identified. The sedative and hypnotic effects of oral administration of progesterone may be mediated through those compounds.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"159","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1203","pageEnd":"1209","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(88)90448-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52550198"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(88)90448-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3189454"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q52550198"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-billings-ovulation-method-an-update-recbesfta6yobv9ud/","name":"The Billings Ovulation Method. An update","headline":"The Billings Ovulation Method. An update","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-billings-ovulation-method-an-update-recbesfta6yobv9ud/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E L Billings","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ozarka College"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J J Billings","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9513-4057","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Vincent's HospitalMelbourne"}}],"datePublished":"1988-10-01","abstract":"Women can accurately predict the day of ovulation by examining vaginal mucus using the Billings Ovulation Method (BOM). they then can choose to either have sexual intercourse if they wish to conceive or to refrain if they do not want to become pregnant by being able to identify the peak day of fertility and the 3 following days of diminishing fertility. A preovulatory phase of the ovulatory cycle follows menstruation which generally includes a sensation of dryness around the genital area but sometimes no dry days occur. At this point progesterone activates the secretion of a thick sticky mucus into the cervical canal which sperms cannot penetrate. This mucus also serves to guard against infection in the reproductive tract and abdominal cavity. When circulating estrogen increases due to follicular development a fluid clear and stringy mucus replaces the thick mucus. this mucus is like a raw egg white. Under the microscope it has a distinctive fern pattern. Sexual intercourse during this time period may result in pregnancy because this mucus sustains sperm cells in cervical crypts for 48-72 hours. Not all women notice the changes in the mucus however but they can sense the vulva as soft swollen and moist. The final day of this sensation identifies the peak day (day 1) in which ovulation customarily occurs. Even though fertility decreases in the next 3 days conception may occur in days 1-3. Infertility sets in on day 4 and last on average 2 weeks. any mucus now seems sticky and opaque. WHO field trials in El Salvador and 4 other countries confirmed that BOM is >99% effective when couples adhere to the guidelines. Research demonstrated that illiterate couples from low socioeconomic status understand it and apply it successfully.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Australian Family Physician"}}},"pageStart":"843","pageEnd":"846","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-obtaining-relief-via-near-contact-laparoscopy-recwmucpxwdeewbtn/","name":"Endometriosis. Obtaining relief via 'near-contact' laparoscopy","headline":"Endometriosis. Obtaining relief via 'near-contact' laparoscopy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-obtaining-relief-via-near-contact-laparoscopy-recwmucpxwdeewbtn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"N. Petersen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Endometriosis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01q5m4507"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Rhoe"}],"datePublished":"1988-10-01","abstract":"Since 1979, Dr Redwine has performed the near-contact laparoscopy for the removal of endometriosis on nearly 400 women. Data collected from Dr Redwine's follow-up studies indicate that 75% of his patients have experienced complete relief of symptoms, and 20% have experienced an improvement in their symptoms from disabling pain to minimal pain. The individualized perioperative care and the high success rate realized with the near-contact technique has attracted women seeking relief from the painful and sometimes debilitating effects of endometriosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"48","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"AORN Journal"}}},"pageStart":"700","pageEnd":"712","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0001-2092(07)69125-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39530214"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0001-2092(07)69125-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3190209"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39530214"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/characteristics-of-ovulation-method-acceptors-a-cross-cultural-assessment-rec5nnhj3eizaekpk/","name":"Characteristics of ovulation method acceptors: a cross-cultural assessment","headline":"Characteristics of ovulation method acceptors: a cross-cultural assessment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/characteristics-of-ovulation-method-acceptors-a-cross-cultural-assessment-rec5nnhj3eizaekpk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Labbok M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Barker D","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6430-6482"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hanna Klaus","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical College of Wisconsin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00qqv6244"}}],"datePublished":"1988-09-01","abstract":"Five programs of instruction in the ovulation method (OM) in diverse geographic and cultural settings are described, and characteristics of approximately 200 consecutive OM acceptors in each program are examined. Major findings include: the religious background and family size of acceptors are variable, as is the level of previous contraceptive use. Acceptors are drawn from a wide range of socioeconomic and religious backgrounds; however, family planning intention was similarly distributed in all five countries. In sum, the ovulation method is accepted by persons from a variety of backgrounds within and between cultural setting.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Studies in Family Planning"}}},"pageStart":"299","pageEnd":"304","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clinical-trial-of-naltrexone-in-premenstrual-syndrome-recw1klzanl8knm5y/","name":"Clinical trial of naltrexone in premenstrual syndrome","headline":"Clinical trial of naltrexone in premenstrual syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clinical-trial-of-naltrexone-in-premenstrual-syndrome-recw1klzanl8knm5y/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Steinmetz GI"},{"@type":"Person","name":"E J Bergstralh","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mayo Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C J Chuong"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C B Coulam","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5920-791X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Houston Methodist","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027zt9171"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W M O'Fallon"}],"datePublished":"1988-09-01","abstract":"Twenty women with the diagnosis of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) participated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study to evaluate the efficacy of naltrexone, an oral opiate antagonist. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that inhibition of opiate withdrawal would aid in the treatment of PMS. The subjects received either placebo or naltrexone from days 9-18 of the cycle for three consecutive cycles. The mean scores of the three day-25 Menstrual Distress Questionnaires of 16 patients on naltrexone were compared with the mean scores of the same patients on placebo. Scores were at least ten points lower on naltrexone in 11 patients and at least ten points higher on naltrexone in two patients. Score changes of less than ten points were noted in the other three patients. The mean scores dropped 28 points on naltrexone (P = .016). The general acceptability of naltrexone was good, with side effects including nausea, decreased appetite, and dizziness. These results suggest that naltrexone alleviates many PMS symptoms and may be an effective treatment for this syndrome.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"72","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3 Pt 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"332","pageEnd":"336","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/primary-structure-of-human-insulin-like-growth-factor-binding-proteinplacental-p-recykxasxpuun3cmy/","name":"Primary structure of human insulin-like growth factor-binding protein/placental protein 12 and tissue-specific expression of its mRNA","headline":"Primary structure of human insulin-like growth factor-binding protein/placental protein 12 and tissue-specific expression of its mRNA","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/primary-structure-of-human-insulin-like-growth-factor-binding-proteinplacental-p-recykxasxpuun3cmy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"K Aalto-Setälä"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Katriina Aalto‐Setälä","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0334-2172","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Helsinki","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040af2s02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Seppälä"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Olli A. Jänne","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oulu","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Kontula","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6195-4332","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Helsinki","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040af2s02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Julkunen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rockefeller University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0420db125"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Koistinen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Helsinki","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040af2s02"}}],"datePublished":"1988-08-29","abstract":"The low-molecular-mass insulin-like growth factor-binding protein (IGF-BP) and placental protein 12 (PP12) are identical proteins that are present in human serum, amniotic fluid, secretory endometrium and decidua. IGF-BP/PP12 is believed to act as an autocrine or paracrine regulator of cell growth. A cDNA clone encompassing the entire protein coding region of this protein was isolated from a human decidual cDNA library. The authenticity of the cDNA was verified by in vitro transcription/translation experiments and by the identity of the 10 N-terminal amino acids deduced for the mature peptide with those obtained by direct protein sequencing. The amino acid sequence indicates that pre-IGF-BP/PP12 consists of 259 amino acid residues. The putative signal peptide is 25 residues long, and the mature protein thus contains 234 amino acids and has a molecular mass of 25293 Da. The sequence is very cysteine-rich at the N-terminus after which there are regions of clustered Pro, Glu, Ser and Thr residues (so-called PEST regions), which exist in proteins with short half-lives. The amino acid sequence also includes an Arg-Gly-Asp tripeptide that may function as a cell recognition signal. The IGF-BP/PP12 gene encodes a single 1.6 kb mRNA species that is expressed in decidua, secretory endometrium, liver and a human hepatoma cell line (HepG2). Southern blot analysis suggests that there is a single IGF-BP/PP12 gene in the human genome.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"236","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"FEBS Letters"}}},"pageStart":"295","pageEnd":"302","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-5793(88)80041-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28308108"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0014-5793(88)80041-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2457513"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28308108"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/medroxyprogesterone-acetate-therapy-in-early-pregnancy-has-no-apparent-fetal-eff-recq0vxopux1tbfnt/","name":"Medroxyprogesterone acetate therapy in early pregnancy has no apparent fetal effects","headline":"Medroxyprogesterone acetate therapy in early pregnancy has no apparent fetal effects","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/medroxyprogesterone-acetate-therapy-in-early-pregnancy-has-no-apparent-fetal-eff-recq0vxopux1tbfnt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J L Yovich","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9583-3683","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Western Australia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047272k79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S R Turner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8244-6748","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mount Medical Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03j249425"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Draper","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mount Medical Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03j249425"}}],"datePublished":"1988-08-01","abstract":"Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA; Provera) was given orally to 449 women from the 5th to 7th week of pregnancy until at least the 18th week. Data are recorded from two treatment groups (recurrent abortion and threatened abortion) and are compared to a matched series. A total of 1,016 pregnancies are included in the study, and all patients were recruited from a subfertile population conceiving from a range of infertility treatments. Early pregnancy wastage was high throughout the groups and was significantly elevated (43%; P less than .001) in those women who had vaginal bleeding in early pregnancy. The study focuses on the question of potential teratogenicity of progestagens administered in the first trimester. There were 15/366 (4.1%) infants with congenital abnormalities in the MPA-treated group and 15/428 in the untreated group (3.5%). The difference was not significant, and MPA is considered to have no embryopathic risk, nor is it likely to retain an abnormal fetus that might otherwise abort. It appears that MPA is a safe drug to use in pregnancy although the question of efficacy has not been addressed in this report. Considering other recent negative epidemiologic studies with regard to teratogenicity, we add to the conclusion that MPA cannot be demonstrated to have a measurable teratogenic risk and certainly does not present a risk for congenital heart disease and limb reduction defects.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"38","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Teratology"}}},"pageStart":"135","pageEnd":"144","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/tera.1420380206","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67943216"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/tera.1420380206"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3175947"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q67943216"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-diagnosis-of-luteal-phase-deficiency-a-critical-review-recwi8grrnzcv8neq/","name":"The diagnosis of luteal phase deficiency: a critical review","headline":"The diagnosis of luteal phase deficiency: a critical review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-diagnosis-of-luteal-phase-deficiency-a-critical-review-recwi8grrnzcv8neq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Edward E. Wallach"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M J McNeely","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M R Soules","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}}],"datePublished":"1988-07-01","abstract":"Luteal phase deficiency is an ovulatory dysfunction problem that is subtle but real. It may be the most common ovulatory problem in women. Luteal phase deficiency has been clearly demonstrated in the research setting (1) in spontaneous cycles, (2) when follicular maturation has been impeded, and (3) when luteotrophic influences have been suppressed. The diagnosis of LPD in the clinical setting remains problematic and controversial primarily because there is no practical diagnostic method that has been validated. This article has reviewed the methods that have been used to diagnose LPD. BBT charts are insensitive; these charts reliably diagnose LPD only when there are persistent short luteal phases. There is disagreement whether ovarian follicular size, as determined by ultrasonography, is decreased in LPD; however, ultrasonographic diagnosis of LPD would require daily scans through ovulation, which makes this approach impractical. Mild hyperprolactinemia is a probable cause of LPD in a minority of patients; a physician should obtain a PRL level in LPD women with the realization that there is considerable sampling variability. Determination of serum gonadotropin levels (LH or FSH or both) is not practical for the clinical diagnosis of LPD. Random serum P levels, whether single or multiple, are not helpful in the diagnosis of LPD in individual patients. The secretory pattern of P results in such wide confidence limits that P samples from individuals cannot be compared to normal in a useful manner. Most of the controversy about the diagnosis of LPD has centered around the use of individual serum P levels. The timed endometrial biopsy relies on the endometrium as a bioassay of P over time. The endometrial biopsy has not been carefully validated in terms of its sensitivity or accuracy for the diagnosis of LPD. However, it remains the best current method for the diagnosis of LPD when the standard guidelines for its use are followed. As opposed to the other tests for LPD, awareness of the usefulness of the biopsy has increased as we have learned more about CL physiology. No current research method for the diagnosis of LPD appears to be a practical method that could be applied in the clinical setting. Specific secretory proteins from the endometrium and methods to measure hormone secretion that circumvent the secretory pattern hold promise for improved methods to diagnose LPD in the future.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"50","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1","pageEnd":"15","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)59999-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39648050"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)59999-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3289975"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39648050"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hyperinsulinemia-and-stromal-luteinization-of-the-ovaries-in-postmenopausal-wome-recd4iaw9ye6ezvfd/","name":"Hyperinsulinemia and stromal luteinization of the ovaries in postmenopausal women with endometrial cancer","headline":"Hyperinsulinemia and stromal luteinization of the ovaries in postmenopausal women with endometrial cancer","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hyperinsulinemia-and-stromal-luteinization-of-the-ovaries-in-postmenopausal-wome-recd4iaw9ye6ezvfd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M Nagamani","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0172-6498","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016tfm930"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Charles Stuart","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5170-9026","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016tfm930"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T V Dinh","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016tfm930"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E V Hannigan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016tfm930"}}],"datePublished":"1988-07-01","abstract":"Ovarian secretion of testosterone and androstenedione is increased in postmenopausal women with endometrial cancer, and insulin stimulates ovarian stromal androgen synthesis in vitro. We undertook this study to investigate whether women with endometrial cancer have increased serum immunoreactive insulin levels. Ten postmenopausal women with endometrial carcinoma and 10 postmenopausal women without cancer who matched the cancer patients in age, years since menopause, and percentage of ideal body weight were studied. The women with endometrial cancer had significantly higher fasting serum insulin levels than the normal women [mean, 187 +/- 26 (+/- SE) vs. 55 +/- 11 pmol/L; P less than 0.01]. The cancer patients had significantly higher insulin responses after glucose administration than normal women (sum of 1, 2, and 3 h postglucose values, 5545 +/- 1526 vs. 1444 +/- 156 pmol/L; P less than 0.02), even though their glucose responses were similar. Nests of luteinized cells, which were positive for testosterone by immunoperoxidase staining, were found in the ovarian stroma of 8 of the women with endometrial cancer, but in only 1 of those without cancer (P less than 0.01). Specific high affinity insulin receptors were demonstrable in the stroma of the postmenopausal ovaries. These results suggest that the frequency of stromal luteinization is increased in women with endometrial cancer and that insulin may play a role in the pathogenesis of this luteinization.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"67","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"144","pageEnd":"148","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-67-1-144","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44432446"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jcem-67-1-144"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3288650"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44432446"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-gamete-and-embryo-compatibility-of-various-synthetic-polymers-recuyrhkiqjyrcfge/","name":"The gamete and embryo compatibility of various synthetic polymers","headline":"The gamete and embryo compatibility of various synthetic polymers","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-gamete-and-embryo-compatibility-of-various-synthetic-polymers-recuyrhkiqjyrcfge/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S K Hunter","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4188-9569","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J R Scott","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6400-5156","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dale B. Hull","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R L Urry","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Utah","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626"}}],"datePublished":"1988-07-01","abstract":"Several popular and well-characterized polymeric materials were evaluated for their biocompatibility toward the cells unique to reproduction. To accomplish these studies, several in vitro tests were developed that evaluated biocompatibility between the polymers and spermatozoa, ova, and embryos. The data indicated significant differences between the materials with respect to their biocompatibility toward sperm motility, the sperm's ability to penetrate zona-free hamster eggs, and the ability of two-cell mouse embryos to divide. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE-Teflon; PTFE, Chemplast Inc., Wayne, NJ), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and polyhydroxyethyl methacrylate (PHEMA) appear to be the most inert of the materials studied. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC; Tygon-Norton, Akron, OH) was found to be the most detrimental material toward gametes and embryos, with gross physiologic and morphologic changes observed in the PVC-exposed cells.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"50","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"110","pageEnd":"116","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)60017-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68412285"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)60017-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3384103"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68412285"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/physicians-views-of-periodic-abstinence-methods-a-study-in-four-countries-rec5m1tgv1wj1cdib/","name":"Physicians' views of periodic abstinence methods: a study in four countries","headline":"Physicians' views of periodic abstinence methods: a study in four countries","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/physicians-views-of-periodic-abstinence-methods-a-study-in-four-countries-rec5m1tgv1wj1cdib/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Snowden R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Orense VC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Perera HW"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Askew I"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Flynn A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5338-5360","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K I Kennedy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6630-3803","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National University of Singapore"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leon F","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3533-7928","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ruhr-Universität Bochum"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Phillips R","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5872-7921","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mayo Clinic Health System"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lawrence J Severy","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Florida","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y3ad647"}}],"datePublished":"1988-07-01","abstract":"A study of the knowledge, perceptions, and behavioral intentions of physicians regarding periodic abstinence (PA) methods was undertaken in Mauritius, Peru, the Philippines, and Sri Lanka. Most respondents considered PA to be useful, although even the PA providers prescribed mainly non-PA methods. Detailed knowledge of PA methods was not evident, but most physicians were willing to initiate general discussion about PA with patients. Physicians favored methods perceived as \"scientific\" and \"modern,\" which primarily prevent pregnancy and secondarily avoid other health risks. When carefully presented as \"scientific\" and \"modern,\" methods presented to medical audiences may find acceptance and be more likely to result in referral.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Studies in Family Planning"}}},"pageStart":"215","pageEnd":"226","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assessment-of-carboxymethylcellulose-and-32-dextran-70-for-prevention-of-adhesio-recltahsoziljvpgh/","name":"Assessment of carboxymethylcellulose and 32% dextran 70 for prevention of adhesions in a rabbit uterine horn model","headline":"Assessment of carboxymethylcellulose and 32% dextran 70 for prevention of adhesions in a rabbit uterine horn model","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assessment-of-carboxymethylcellulose-and-32-dextran-70-for-prevention-of-adhesio-recltahsoziljvpgh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Linsky CB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Constantine B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cunningham T","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2819-484X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University Libraries/Information Services"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alan H DeCherney","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4095-1383","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Diamond MP","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6353-4489","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Augusta University"}}],"datePublished":"1988-07-01","abstract":"The ability of solutions of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and 32% dextran 70 to reduce postoperative adhesion formation was examined using a rabbit uterine-horn scrape model. Utilization of 50 mL of 32% dextran 70 did not reduce adhesion formation compared with control rabbits. However, intraperitoneal instillation of CMC significantly reduced postoperative adhesion formation. An inverse correlation was established between either the concentration of CMC employed (1%, 2%, and 3%) or the volume of 2% CMC employed (20, 30, 40, and 50 mL) and the extent of adhesion formation. It is concluded that in this animal model CMC, but not 32% dextran 70, was able to retard postoperative adhesion formation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"33","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Fertility"}}},"pageStart":"278","pageEnd":"282","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-american-fertility-society-classifications-of-adnexal-adhesions-distal-tubal-recz8umo8sqwxrdpg/","name":"The American Fertility Society classifications of adnexal adhesions, distal tubal occlusion, tubal occlusion secondary to tubal ligation, tubal pregnancies, müllerian anomalies and intrauterine adhesions","headline":"The American Fertility Society classifications of adnexal adhesions, distal tubal occlusion, tubal occlusion secondary to tubal ligation, tubal pregnancies, müllerian anomalies and intrauterine adhesions","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-american-fertility-society-classifications-of-adnexal-adhesions-distal-tubal-recz8umo8sqwxrdpg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"American Fertility Society"}],"datePublished":"1988-06-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"49","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"944","pageEnd":"955","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)59942-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68364834"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)59942-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3371491"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68364834"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/quantitation-of-uterine-activity-preceding-preterm-term-and-postterm-labor-rec40ehe6gtkn84wp/","name":"Quantitation of uterine activity preceding preterm, term, and postterm labor","headline":"Quantitation of uterine activity preceding preterm, term, and postterm labor","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/quantitation-of-uterine-activity-preceding-preterm-term-and-postterm-labor-rec40ehe6gtkn84wp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Keegan KA Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kirk A. Keegan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Irvine Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cm8nm15"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W Dorchester","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Long Beach Memorial Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021kgjd57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R K Freeman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Irvine Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cm8nm15"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M P Nageotte","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Long Beach Memorial Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021kgjd57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Porto","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0111-9356","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Irvine Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cm8nm15"}}],"datePublished":"1988-06-01","abstract":"To assess uterine activity before labor in patients delivering preterm, at term, and postterm, the maximum spontaneous contraction frequency per 10-minute window during the initial portion of antepartum fetal heart rate monitoring was analyzed. Patients with multiple gestation, third trimester bleeding, polyhydramnios, or premature rupture of membranes and those already diagnosed with preterm labor were eliminated from the study. Of the 2446 remaining patients (7247 antepartum fetal heart rate tests) who went into spontaneous labor, 237 did so before 37 completed weeks of gestation, 1077 entered labor at term (38 to 42 completed weeks), and 1132 did so after 42 weeks. There was a significant increase in maximum uterine activity per 10-minute window from 30 to 44 weeks of gestation (average 4.7% per week; r = 0.97, p less than 0.0001). When compared with patients delivering spontaneously at term, average maximum uterine activity per 10-minute window was greatest in the preterm labor group (p less than 0.05) and least in the postterm labor group (p less than 0.05). These differences were present for several weeks preceding the onset of spontaneous labor. All three groups showed a surge of uterine activity during the 3 days before the onset of spontaneous labor.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"158","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6 Pt 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1254","pageEnd":"1259","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(88)90353-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68118078"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(88)90353-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3273360"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68118078"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/inadequate-luteal-function-and-recurrent-abortion-diagnosis-and-treatment-of-lut-rec0cvrtfgcrrxbpb/","name":"Diagnosis and Treatment of Luteal Phase Deficiency: A Review","headline":"Diagnosis and Treatment of Luteal Phase Deficiency: A Review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/inadequate-luteal-function-and-recurrent-abortion-diagnosis-and-treatment-of-lut-rec0cvrtfgcrrxbpb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M A Fritz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04r3kq386"}}],"datePublished":"1988-05-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"02","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Seminars in Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"129","pageEnd":"143","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-1021349","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1055/s-2007-1021349"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-with-unilateral-ureteral-obstruction-and-hypertension-a-case-repor-recbb9k6co26ksg6g/","name":"Endometriosis with unilateral ureteral obstruction and hypertension. A case report","headline":"Endometriosis with unilateral ureteral obstruction and hypertension. A case report","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-with-unilateral-ureteral-obstruction-and-hypertension-a-case-repor-recbb9k6co26ksg6g/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Schiff I"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Owen Davis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9818-5279","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cornell University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87"}}],"datePublished":"1988-05-01","abstract":"A patient developed hypertension from unilateral hydronephrosis produced by endometriosis. Her blood pressure fell promptly after decompression of the involved kidney.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"33","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"470","pageEnd":"472","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reversible-reproductive-dysfunction-in-men-with-obstructive-sleep-apnoea-rec97e4wnq2mrpyie/","name":"Reversible reproductive dysfunction in men with obstructive sleep apnoea","headline":"Reversible reproductive dysfunction in men with obstructive sleep apnoea","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reversible-reproductive-dysfunction-in-men-with-obstructive-sleep-apnoea-rec97e4wnq2mrpyie/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"John Santamaria","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J A Fleetham","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"1988-05-01","abstract":"A central, reversible decrease in male sexual function appears related to some aspect of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Lower serum testosterone (T) levels were documented in 15 men with OSA versus nine snorers (no OSA), (9.18 +/- 0.92 vs 11.55 +/- 0.90 nmol/l, mean +/- SEM), P less than 0.05 in a consecutive case series of 24 men referred for diagnostic overnight sleep studies. Gonadotrophins did not differ between the two groups. Although the men with OSA did not differ in body mass index (BMI) or weight from the snorers, they were older (51 +/- 3.9 vs 44 +/- 3.1 years), P less than 0.02. Serum T did not correlate with age, but was correlated with minimum nocturnal arterial oxygen saturation (Min SaO2) (r = 0.589), P less than 0.02. A prospective controlled trial of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty therapy (UPP) for OSA in 12 subsequent subjects showed reproductive improvement which was parallel with improved apnoea at 3 months postsurgery. T increased (13.31 +/- 1.07 to 16.59 +/- 0.72 nmol/l), P less than 0.02, without significant changes in BMI, serum PRL, LH or FSH. All seven of the men who reported decreased sexual interest prior to surgery felt their libido and sexual functioning had returned to normal 3 months following UPP. Some aspect of OSA in men appears to produce a reversible hypothalamic-pituitary reproductive dysfunction.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"28","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"461","pageEnd":"470","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2265.1988.tb03680.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48958445"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1365-2265.1988.tb03680.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3145819"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q48958445"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/induction-of-ovulation-with-pulsatile-gnrh-in-hypothalamic-amenorrhoea-recdiuhpmvjy4cpwh/","name":"Induction of ovulation with pulsatile GnRH in hypothalamic amenorrhoea","headline":"Induction of ovulation with pulsatile GnRH in hypothalamic amenorrhoea","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/induction-of-ovulation-with-pulsatile-gnrh-in-hypothalamic-amenorrhoea-recdiuhpmvjy4cpwh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A Gompel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9614-6968","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Paris Cité","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05f82e368"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Mauvais-Jarvis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05tr67282"}}],"datePublished":"1988-05-01","abstract":"Pulsatile administration of gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) is a very effective treatment for induction of ovulation in hypothalamic amenorrhoea (HA). Thirty-seven women have been treated for a total of 117 cycles which resulted in 42 pregnancies--four treatment failures occurred. If these cycles are excluded, the 42 pregnancies were obtained within 2.3 cycles. One twin pregnancy occurred and no hyperstimulation was observed. The treatment was administered intravenously with a dosage schedule based on the grading of HA. We concluded that pulsatile GnRH was safe and very successful in induction of pregnancy in HA. Other indications (polycystic ovary syndrome and luteal phase defect) remain much less suitable for this treatment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"473","pageEnd":"477","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a136731","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70395474"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a136731"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3134391"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70395474"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-correlation-of-ovulation-and-other-biologic-parameters-with-natural-family-p-recb5qx8rxn94jvcv/","name":"The Correlation of Ovulation and Other Biologic Parameters with Natural Family Planning","headline":"The Correlation of Ovulation and Other Biologic Parameters with Natural Family Planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-correlation-of-ovulation-and-other-biologic-parameters-with-natural-family-p-recb5qx8rxn94jvcv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1988-04-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/physicochemical-characterization-and-functional-activity-of-fibroid-prolactin-pr-recrtpq0eibbhz0e8/","name":"Physicochemical characterization and functional activity of fibroid prolactin  produced in cell culture","headline":"Physicochemical characterization and functional activity of fibroid prolactin  produced in cell culture","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/physicochemical-characterization-and-functional-activity-of-fibroid-prolactin-pr-recrtpq0eibbhz0e8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mark Gibson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0657-5166","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Vermont","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0155zta11"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L M Betz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"BC Cancer Agency","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03sfybe47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J R Brumsted","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Vermont","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0155zta11"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Chapitis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"BC Cancer Agency","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03sfybe47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P W Gout","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"BC Cancer Agency","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03sfybe47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D H Riddick","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UConn Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02kzs4y22"}}],"datePublished":"1988-04-01","abstract":"Evidence from our laboratory with the use of cultured (primary and passaged) cells has extended our initial observation that human uterine fibroid is an extrapituitary source of prolactin. Fibroid prolactin antigen in conditioned medium reacted specifically in radioimmunoassay for human pituitary prolactin. Control experiments demonstrated that the radioimmunoassay results were not spurious due to degradation of tracer 125I-labeled prolactin. Immunoparallel dilution curves indicated antigenic relatedness of pituitary and fibroid prolactin. In a calibrated Sephadex G-100 column, fibroid prolactin eluted in the same region (20.3 to 20.9 kd) as purified pituitary prolactin. Glycosylated prolactin, detected by concanavalin A affinity column chromatography, appeared to constitute only a small percentage of fibroid prolactin made in culture. The ratio of fibroid prolactin bioactivity (lactogen Nb2 lymphoma bioassay) to antigen (radioimmunoassay) was 0.77. These data indicate that human uterine fibroid tissue produces a molecule similar to or, perhaps, identical with pituitary prolactin.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"158","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"846","pageEnd":"853","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(88)90083-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68339802"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(88)90083-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3364497"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68339802"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cervical-cerclage-for-the-temporary-treatment-of-patients-with-placenta-previa-recvwsekmttvji5th/","name":"Cervical cerclage for the temporary treatment of patients with placenta previa","headline":"Cervical cerclage for the temporary treatment of patients with placenta previa","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cervical-cerclage-for-the-temporary-treatment-of-patients-with-placenta-previa-recvwsekmttvji5th/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Arias F","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5301-9264","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad de Antioquia"}}],"datePublished":"1988-04-01","abstract":"Cervical cerclage as a temporizing measure for the treatment of patients with placenta previa was evaluated in 25 patients admitted to the hospital for vaginal bleeding between 24-30 weeks' gestation and sonographic evidence of a placenta previa. The patients were randomly assigned to either cerclage (13) or conventional management (12). Cerclage patients had significantly better perinatal outcome, as indicated by more advanced gestational age at the time of delivery (34.9 +/- 3.0 versus 31.6 +/- 2.9 weeks; P = .02), larger birth weight (2709 +/- 511 versus 1812 +/- 506 g; P = .002), and fewer neonatal complications (two of 13 versus ten of 12 infants; P = .001). Maternal bleeding was more frequent and severe for patients in the control group. The total hospital cost was less for cerclage patients than for those receiving conventional expectant management ($9898 +/- 3943 versus $27,271 +/- 9901; P = .02). These results support the use of cervical cerclage for the treatment of patients with symptomatic placenta previa early in gestation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"71","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"545","pageEnd":"548","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-association-between-chronic-pelvic-pain-psychiatric-diagnoses-and-childhood--recd1sgjhdzveisyo/","name":"The association between chronic pelvic pain, psychiatric diagnoses, and childhood sexual abuse","headline":"The association between chronic pelvic pain, psychiatric diagnoses, and childhood sexual abuse","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-association-between-chronic-pelvic-pain-psychiatric-diagnoses-and-childhood--recd1sgjhdzveisyo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Katon W"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Harrop-Griffiths J","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9230-624X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Swansea University Medical School"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Holm L","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8172-8231"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Russo J","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5615-2891","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rochester Institute of Technology"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Walker E","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1264-5680","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University"}}],"datePublished":"1988-04-01","abstract":"Twenty-five women with chronic pelvic pain who had undergone diagnostic laparoscopy and 30 women who had laparoscopic examinations for tubal sterilization or infertility investigation were compared psychologically using structured psychiatric and sexual abuse interviews. Results of the fiberoptic pelvic examination were rated independently using the American Fertility Society classification of endometriosis. Compared with controls, the patients with chronic pelvic pain showed significantly greater prevalence of lifetime major depression, current major depression, lifetime substance abuse, adult sexual dysfunction, and somatization. They were also significantly more likely than controls to have been a victim of childhood and adult sexual abuse. There were no significant differences in either the degree or type of pelvic disease between patients with pelvic pain and controls.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"71","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"589","pageEnd":"594","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/artificial-insemination-with-cryopreserved-donor-semen-a-decade-of-experience-reclkdynzafsuacuv/","name":"Artificial insemination with cryopreserved donor semen: a decade of experience","headline":"Artificial insemination with cryopreserved donor semen: a decade of experience","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/artificial-insemination-with-cryopreserved-donor-semen-a-decade-of-experience-reclkdynzafsuacuv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"G Kovacs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5985-2054","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Prince of Wales Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/022arq532"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hansjörg Burger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1681-7256","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Prince of Wales Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/022arq532"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D De Kretser","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3187-7537","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Prince of Wales Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/022arq532"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Douglas H. Lording","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Prince of Wales Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/022arq532"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jihyun Lee","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3670-6489","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Division of Public Health, Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/022arq532"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Baker","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5058-8186","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Prince of Wales Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/022arq532"}}],"datePublished":"1988-04-01","abstract":"Ten years' experience of artificial insemination with cryopreserved donor semen for 1023 courses in 783 women resulting in 572 pregnancies is reported. A simple approach with multiple inseminations timed on the basis of cycle length, temperature charts, mucus symptoms and signs was used. The life table pregnancy rate was 61% after 12 cycles of treatment and 75% after 24 cycles. Women had a significantly higher rate of pregnancy in second and subsequent courses of treatment, and the pregnancy rate for treatment beyond 12 cycles was significantly less successful. Women over 35 years of age were significantly less successful.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"95","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"354","pageEnd":"360","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1988.tb06605.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68407190"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1471-0528.1988.tb06605.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3382608"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68407190"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/human-sperm-cervical-mucus-interaction-and-the-ability-of-spermatozoa-to-fuse-with-zona-free-hamster-oocytes-recshox7ppfgqq1dr/","name":"Human sperm-cervical mucus interaction and the ability of spermatozoa to fuse with zona-free hamster oocytes","headline":"Human sperm-cervical mucus interaction and the ability of spermatozoa to fuse with zona-free hamster oocytes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/human-sperm-cervical-mucus-interaction-and-the-ability-of-spermatozoa-to-fuse-with-zona-free-hamster-oocytes-recshox7ppfgqq1dr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Celso Henrique Souza Costa Barros","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1593"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Jedlicki","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0626-1247","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Herrera","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5577-7867","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Arguello","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Barros","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7452-3060","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Laboratory of Embryology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"I Fuenzalida","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8353-5080","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Leontic","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Villaseca","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}}],"datePublished":"1988-03-01","abstract":"Samples of semen and cervical mucus were provided by 18 couples. Cervical mucus was obtained for each day possible and stored at 4 degrees C until all the samples were collected. Flat capillary tubes were loaded with the mucous samples and spermatozoa from the husband's semen sample were allowed to migrate through the cervical mucus (3 cm column) into culture medium. The spermatozoa recovered after migration through cervical mucus were assayed in vitro with zona-free hamster oocytes. Control experiments were carried out using spermatozoa from the same semen sample but prepared by the swimming-up technique. Altogether, 557 eggs in the control group and 1236 eggs in the experimental group were analysed, and the results demonstrated that the % of sperm penetration, the mean number of sperm decondensations per penetrated egg and the mean number of spermatozoa adhering per egg all had higher values (P less than 0.05) for the control samples than for the experimental samples. We suggest that cervical mucus modifies human spermatozoa, as measured by their interaction with zona-free hamster oocytes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"82","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of reproduction and fertility"}}},"pageStart":"477","pageEnd":"484","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1530/jrf.0.0820477","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68330632"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1530/jrf.0.0820477"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3361482"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68330632"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-of-the-sciatic-nerve-a-report-of-two-cases-and-a-review-of-the-lit-reccl1rrl1tkkdp0y/","name":"Endometriosis of the sciatic nerve: a report of two cases and a review of the literature","headline":"Endometriosis of the sciatic nerve: a report of two cases and a review of the literature","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-of-the-sciatic-nerve-a-report-of-two-cases-and-a-review-of-the-lit-reccl1rrl1tkkdp0y/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Torkelson SJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hildahl DB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lee RA","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3417-9267"}],"datePublished":"1988-03-01","abstract":"Endometriosis of the sciatic nerve is rare but must be included in the differential diagnosis of sciatic pain. Patients present with typical signs and symptoms of sciatica, which are cyclic in nature. Electromyography and computed tomographic scanning are useful in diagnosis. At laparoscopy or laparotomy, a characteristic \"pocket sign\" is frequently seen, and may be the only clue to the presence of endometriosis. The patient often requires definitive surgery with total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. However, conservative surgery with excision of the endometriosis from the nerve can be successful in selected patients who wish to preserve reproductive function.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"71","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3 Pt 2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"473","pageEnd":"477","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clonidine-in-the-treatment-of-premenstrual-syndrome-a-subgroup-study-recpgqqdcebl8xejm/","name":"Clonidine in the treatment of premenstrual syndrome: a subgroup study","headline":"Clonidine in the treatment of premenstrual syndrome: a subgroup study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clonidine-in-the-treatment-of-premenstrual-syndrome-a-subgroup-study-recpgqqdcebl8xejm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Giannini AJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarachene J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Loiselle RH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sullivan B","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7272-6139"}],"datePublished":"1988-02-01","abstract":"The authors studied the effects of clonidine on a subgroup of women who had symptoms associated with premenstrual syndrome; the subgroup comprised 24 women aged 19 to 41 years who had \"moderate\" to \"severe\" cyclic decreases in beta-endorphin levels. All of the women received clonidine and placebo in a double-blind cross-over design that spanned four menstrual cycles. Clonidine was significantly (p less than .05) more effective than placebo in reducing symptoms.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"49","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry"}}},"pageStart":"62","pageEnd":"63","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-profiles-in-luteal-phase-defect-cycles-and-outcome-of-progesterone--recnuxeiyam2juau5/","name":"Progesterone profiles in luteal phase defect cycles and outcome of progesterone treatment in patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion","headline":"Progesterone profiles in luteal phase defect cycles and outcome of progesterone treatment in patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-profiles-in-luteal-phase-defect-cycles-and-outcome-of-progesterone--recnuxeiyam2juau5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E Burrows","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Daya","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stuart Ward","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6901-3713","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}}],"datePublished":"1988-02-01","abstract":"The existence of luteal phase defect has been the focus of much debate, mainly because of inconsistencies in its diagnosis and management. This study was performed to compare progesterone profiles in women with luteal phase defect with those of women with normal cycles and to establish a discriminatory level of serum progesterone that may aid in the diagnosis of this condition. Compared with patients with luteal phase defect cycles, women with normal cycles produced significantly more progesterone in the luteal phase. The serum progesterone level (less than or equal to 21 nmol/L) was the optimal discriminatory level between luteal phase defect and normal cycles and provided a diagnostic test with 70% sensitivity and 71% specificity. In women with recurrent abortion, the incidence of luteal phase defect was 40%, but with treatment 81% of pregnancies were successful. The findings in this study support the existence of luteal phase defect as a clinically significant entity in recurrent first-trimester spontaneous abortion and one that can be treated successfully with the administration of progesterone. The histologic diagnosis of luteal phase defect may also be confirmed with serum progesterone.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"158","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"225","pageEnd":"232","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(88)90127-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68264146"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(88)90127-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3341399"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68264146"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chorioamnionitis-how-useful-is-the-determination-of-c-reactive-protein-rec1qtypbltw34ykb/","name":"Chorioamnionitis: how useful is the determination of C-reactive protein?","headline":"Chorioamnionitis: how useful is the determination of C-reactive protein?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chorioamnionitis-how-useful-is-the-determination-of-c-reactive-protein-rec1qtypbltw34ykb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Tyler"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cynthia Hudson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3783-0038"},{"@type":"Person","name":"P J Baird"},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Dunlevy"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Godfrey","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2578-2382","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Minnesota"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R P Hodgson"},{"@type":"Person","name":"V Jacobs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3147-3620"},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Kornman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Westmead Hospital, New South Wales."}}],"datePublished":"1988-02-01","abstract":"This study was designed to derive the predictive value of C-reactive protein (CRP) in peripheral venous serum of patients admitted to hospital with suspected premature rupture of the membranes (PROM). CRP was assayed by each of 4 separate methods and the results have been compared for accuracy and practical value with respect to clinical outcome and the histopathology of the placenta. Of the 4 techniques used only the latex test had characteristics suitable for a diagnostic screen. While the results were only semiquantitative, when comparisons were made to other techniques no significant change in clinical diagnosis would have been made. The results have confirmed that chorioamnionitis and preterm labour are often associated, but in some instances the extent of inflammatory infiltration was greater than might have been expected from the short time interval between documented membrane rupture and delivery. Thus it may be speculated that some cases of PROM are secondary to, rather than causative of, infection. Finally it is suggested that a controlled therapeutic trial of active intervention in those cases of PROM with elevated CRP in the absence of other clinical parameters suggestive of intrauterine infection should be undertaken.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"28","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Australian & New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"45","pageEnd":"48","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1479-828x.1988.tb01610.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68011185"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1479-828x.1988.tb01610.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3214382"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68011185"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-sympto-thermal-method-recxv04fioborqt8k/","name":"The Sympto-Thermal Method: An Interview with a Couple","headline":"The Sympto-Thermal Method: An Interview with a Couple","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-sympto-thermal-method-recxv04fioborqt8k/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J J Billings","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9513-4057","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Vincent's HospitalMelbourne"}}],"datePublished":"1988-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Female Contraception"},"pageStart":"231","pageEnd":"238","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73790-9_22","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/978-3-642-73790-9_22"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/outcome-of-pregnancy-after-infertility-recyjj2xyvi9yj6bz/","name":"Outcome of pregnancy after infertility","headline":"Outcome of pregnancy after infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/outcome-of-pregnancy-after-infertility-recyjj2xyvi9yj6bz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"T R Varma","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. George's Hospital and Medical School, London, England."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R H Patel"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R K Bhathenia","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St George's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0001ke483"}}],"datePublished":"1988-01-01","abstract":"Pregnancy following a period of infertility was considered to be an increased risk for the fetus. During a period of 3 years (1983-85), 748 couples were seen at this infertility clinic; 515 women (68.9%) conceived, and were followed up and studied prospectively. Fifteen of these women moved out of the area. We analysed the results of pregnancies for the remaining 500, (Group 1) and compared them with the outcome for the total obstetric population (Group 2) during the same period. Mean age at conception in the infertility group (Group 1) was 31.8 (+/- 2.7, 2 SD) years, as compared with 23.7 (+/- 2.9, 2 SD) in the total hospital obstetric population (Group 2) (p less than 0.05). The incidences of spontaneous abortion for the two groups (8 and 6.2%) did not differ (p greater than 0.05). However, the incidence of ectopic pregnancy was higher (3.0%) in Group 1 than in Group 2 (1.5%) (p less than 0.01). The incidence of pre-existing hypertensive vascular disease (7.7%) complicating pregnancy and multiple pregnancy (4.1%) was significantly higher in Group 1 than in Group 2 (1.5% and 1.4% respectively), (p less than 0.01). The incidences of induction of labor (29.5%) and elective operative delivery (10.6%) were higher in Group 1 (p less than 0.01). The incidences of infants with birth weight below the tenth centile (12.9%), of fetal distress in labor (14.6%) and a low Apgar score (0-5) (9.5%), were higher in Group 1, but there was no difference in the perinatal mortality rate between the two groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"67","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica"}}},"pageStart":"115","pageEnd":"119","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3109/00016348809004181","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67944558"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3109/00016348809004181"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3176923"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q67944558"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/induced-anovulation-as-treatment-of-premenstrual-tension-syndrome-a-double-blind-rechcpyxwcwzllzi1/","name":"Induced anovulation as treatment of premenstrual tension syndrome. A double-blind cross-over study with GnRH-agonist versus placebo","headline":"Induced anovulation as treatment of premenstrual tension syndrome. A double-blind cross-over study with GnRH-agonist versus placebo","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/induced-anovulation-as-treatment-of-premenstrual-tension-syndrome-a-double-blind-rechcpyxwcwzllzi1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Stefan Hammarbäck","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1914-5704","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Umeå University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05kb8h459"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Torbjörn Bäckström","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0907-3535","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Umeå University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05kb8h459"}}],"datePublished":"1988-01-01","abstract":"A treatment with the GnRH-agonist, buserelin, was given intranasally in a dosage of 400 micrograms once daily, to induce anovulation in 26 women with premenstrual tension syndrome; 23 patients completed the study course. The design was double-blind and cross-over. Daily symptom ratings were made for two pretreatment, diagnostic cycles and continued for up to six cycles or 6 months. The rating scale used was an earlier described visual analogue scale. Blood samples for estradiol and progesterone radio-immunoassay were taken once weekly throughout the study. Results show beneficial effects of both placebo and GnRH-agonist, compared with the pretreatment situation. The GnRH-agonist was, however, significantly better than placebo. At the end of the treatment periods the patients while still taking placebo, still showed cyclical symptom changes, whereas during the GnRH-agonist treatment the cyclical changes had disappeared. The results indicate that a factor from the corpus luteum must be involved in the etiology of cyclical mood changes. The results also show that inhibition of ovulation by mean of GnRH-agonists is one possible way to treat premenstrual tension syndrome.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"67","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica"}}},"pageStart":"159","pageEnd":"166","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3109/00016348809004191","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70407322"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3109/00016348809004191"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3140572"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70407322"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-natural-family-planning-programme-in-bangladesh-rec7lkbu9biffavze/","name":"The natural family planning programme in Bangladesh","headline":"The natural family planning programme in Bangladesh","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-natural-family-planning-programme-in-bangladesh-rec7lkbu9biffavze/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Congdon D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gomes I","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7293-5617"}],"datePublished":"1988-01-01","abstract":"A 12-month evaluation of the Ovulation Method of Natural Family Planning programme in Bangladesh is presented. Four hundred and forty-eight women entered the programme, 232 for spacing, 184 for limiting, and 32 to achieve pregnancy. Of the participating couples, 79% lived in rural areas and 20.3% were illiterate. The 416 who learned the ovulation method for avoiding pregnancy completed 2,358 months of use, with 14 unplanned pregnancies during the study period, which represents a pregnancy rate of 7.2 according to the Pearl Index. The discontinuation rate in the 12-month period was 2.4%.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"33 Suppl","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Fertility"}},"pageStart":"52","pageEnd":"53","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/urinary-follicle-stimulating-hormone-treatment-for-luteal-phase-defect-recloq3vtsbdzy4v3/","name":"Urinary follicle stimulating hormone treatment for luteal phase defect","headline":"Urinary follicle stimulating hormone treatment for luteal phase defect","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/urinary-follicle-stimulating-hormone-treatment-for-luteal-phase-defect-recloq3vtsbdzy4v3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Gocial B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Goldfarb AF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Groll","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1660-340X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Thomas Jefferson University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04zhhva53"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S S Minassian","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Thomas Jefferson University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ysqcn41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C H Wu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9820-2000","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107."}}],"datePublished":"1988-01-01","abstract":"A deficiency in follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels during the early follicular phase of the menstrual cycle has been shown to result in luteal phase defect (LPD). A short course of human urinary FSH (uFSH) (Metrodin, Serono Laboratories) was given for a maximum of six cycles to 18 women with endometrial-biopsy-proven (EBX-proven) LPD. Adjunctive therapy in the form of midcycle human chorionic gonadotropin was given after the third therapy cycle. The uFSH therapy reduced the mean EBX lag time (2.0 +/- 0.6 days with therapy vs. 4.1 +/- 0.4 pretherapy, P less than .01), normalized the follicular phase length (15 +/- 0.4 days vs. 17.2 +/- 0.8 pretherapy, P less than .25) and increased the luteal phase length (12.7 +/- 0.4 days vs. 10.8 +/- 0.2 pretherapy, P less than .001). Twelve of 46 cycles (26%) in which uFSH was given without adjunctive therapy were anovulatory. Seven patients conceived; the result was seven viable pregnancies, all delivered at term. The cumulative pregnancy rate approached 48% by the sixth therapy cycle. uFSH therapy is useful for the correction of LPD and yields an acceptable pregnancy rate.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"33","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"11","pageEnd":"16","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-objective-assessment-of-the-vulvar-mucus-cycle-recwjam7faowrdcpd/","name":"The Objective Assessment of the Vulvar Mucus Cycle","headline":"The Objective Assessment of the Vulvar Mucus Cycle","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-objective-assessment-of-the-vulvar-mucus-cycle-recwjam7faowrdcpd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1988-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-awarenessnatural-family-planning-for-adolescents-and-their-families-re-rec8iknl4czb7iekh/","name":"Fertility awareness/natural family planning for adolescents and their families:  report of multisite pilot project","headline":"Fertility awareness/natural family planning for adolescents and their families:  report of multisite pilot project","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-awarenessnatural-family-planning-for-adolescents-and-their-families-re-rec8iknl4czb7iekh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"L M Bryan"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M L Bryant"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M U Fagan"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M B Harrigan"},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Kearns"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hanna Klaus","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical College of Wisconsin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00qqv6244"}}],"datePublished":"1988-01-01","abstract":"Fertility awareness is experiential learning about cyclic fertility. This awareness, used as a family planning method, differs from contraception because it does not isolate the procreative capacity of either partner. The acceptability and effect of teaching fertility awareness on teen sexual activity and decision making was tested in a multisite pilot program which taught fertility awareness via the prospective marker of the cervical mucus (ovulation method of natural family planning). 200 US and 35 Guatemalan volunteer women ages 15-17 in a structured 1 year curriculum, monitored cycle charting and explored the implications of experiencing one's signs of fertility. Control subjects were recruited from the general population and from family planning clinics. 9% of the US study group were sexually active prior to entry. By cycle 12, 1/2 had discontinued activity. Conception rate was 0.0044. The continuation rate dropped from 90% at cycle 7 to 71% at cycle 8 due to scheduling constraints for 2 classes and to 57% at cycle 12. Postprogram follow-up of early leavers showed only 1/3 the expected rate of onset of sexual activity and pregnancy. Parent involvement correlated positively with postponement and/or discontinuation of sexual activity. Reported movement away from peer group pressure appeared 3 months after entry.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health"}}},"pageStart":"101","pageEnd":"120","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1515/IJAMH.1987.3.2.101","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1515/IJAMH.1987.3.2.101"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12315578"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/developmental-effects-of-progesterone-and-its-derivatives-rec96hfprtzdr3qpe/","name":"Developmental effects of progesterone and its derivatives","headline":"Developmental effects of progesterone and its derivatives","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/developmental-effects-of-progesterone-and-its-derivatives-rec96hfprtzdr3qpe/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A R Scialli","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1351-4572","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"MedStar Washington Hospital Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ry42w04"}}],"datePublished":"1988-01-01","abstract":"Progesterone, the naturally-occurring 21-carbon steroid produced by the corpus luteum of the ovary and by the placenta, plays an important role in re-production. It is not surprising, then, that it has been used extensively as a supplement in the treatment of disorders of fertility and pregnancy. For example, progesterone is necessary for maintenance of pregnancy in mammals, including humans, and has been given for threatened or habitual miscarriage. The relaxant effect of progesterone on smooth muscle, including that of the uterus, has led to administration of this agent for preterm labor. The effect of progesterone in preparing the endometrium for implantation of the blastocyst has given rise to use of this hormone after natural or induced ovulation to supplement the function of the corpus luteum. How well such treatments work has been argued for many years; however, the fact remains that large numbers of women of reproductive age have received this hormone. It is pertinent, then, to consider whether progesterone or similar agents exert adverse effects on embryo development.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Reproductive Toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.)"}}},"pageStart":"3","pageEnd":"11","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0890-6238(88)80003-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39492034"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0890-6238(88)80003-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2980398"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39492034"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/continuous-mucus-correlation-of-point-of-change-with-preovulatory-rise-in-estrad-recounm2ufe7naodp/","name":"Continuous Mucus Correlation of Point of Change with Preovulatory Rise in Estradiol-17β","headline":"Continuous Mucus Correlation of Point of Change with Preovulatory Rise in Estradiol-17β","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/continuous-mucus-correlation-of-point-of-change-with-preovulatory-rise-in-estrad-recounm2ufe7naodp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Cvetkovich LL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gentrup B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1988-01-01","abstract":"Cervical mucus observation may be difficult for women who experience continuous mucus throughout their menstrual cycles. This study aims to prove the value of cervical mucus methods for these women. Rather than examining a woman's onset of cervical mucus, this study evaluates the \"Point of Change\" in the mucus and its correlation to the woman's hormone levels.","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gonadal-and-extragonadal-expression-of-inhibin-alpha-beta-a-and-beta-b-subunits--rechdcy5wteij3wep/","name":"Gonadal and extragonadal expression of inhibin alpha, beta A, and beta B subunits in various tissues predicts diverse functions","headline":"Gonadal and extragonadal expression of inhibin alpha, beta A, and beta B subunits in various tissues predicts diverse functions","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gonadal-and-extragonadal-expression-of-inhibin-alpha-beta-a-and-beta-b-subunits--rechdcy5wteij3wep/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R M Evans","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9986-5965","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/006w34k90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Meunier","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Clayton Foundation Laboratories for Peptide Biology, La Jolla, CA."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Rivier","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/006w34k90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W Vale","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2655-7200","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}}],"datePublished":"1988-01-01","abstract":"The S1-nuclease analysis was used to investigate the pattern of inhibin expression in the rat. In a first series of experiments, expression of the alpha, beta A, and beta B subunits of inhibin were monitored in various tissues from male and female rats. Two observations emerge from these studies. First, expression of inhibin subunits was found in gonadal and extragonadal tissues. In addition to the ovary and testis, inhibin alpha, beta A, and beta B RNAs were detected in the placenta, pituitary, adrenal, bone marrow, kidney, spinal cord, and brain. Detection of inhibin RNAs in the brain and spinal cord suggested that these subunits may exert neuroregulatory functions in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Furthermore, the presence of inhibin alpha and beta subunits in the placenta and the pituitary gland, two cell types that have clearly been shown to be regulated by exogenous inhibin, may reflect existing paracrine and/or autocrine processes active in these tissues. The second observation is that expression of inhibin subunit RNAs may vary by severalfold in a tissue-specific fashion. for example, alpha-subunit RNA levels are abundant in the gonads, whereas beta A-subunit RNA is predominant in the placenta and bone marrow. Finally, it is noted that expression of testicular inhibin RNA subunits decreases during sexual maturation. We conclude that the dimers comprised of inhibin subunits possess diverse functions and may act as growth/differentiation factors as well as a hormone.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"85","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"}}},"pageStart":"247","pageEnd":"251","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.85.1.247","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37481185"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1073/pnas.85.1.247"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2829170"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37481185"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-sonographic-classification-system-for-disorders-of-human-ovulation-recdmt4zj6w45o1wb/","name":"A Sonographic Classification System for Disorders of Human Ovulation","headline":"A Sonographic Classification System for Disorders of Human Ovulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-sonographic-classification-system-for-disorders-of-human-ovulation-recdmt4zj6w45o1wb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jean-Claude Emperaire","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux","sameAs":"https://ror.org/054qv7y42"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Verdaguer"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y. Meulet-Girard"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Audebert"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1988-01-01","pageStart":"387","pageEnd":"95","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68451711","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68451711"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/changes-in-plasma-hormones-across-the-menstrual-cycle-in-patients-with-menstrual-recqfjomwbky7pvfk/","name":"Changes in plasma hormones across the menstrual cycle in patients with menstrually related mood disorder and in control subjects","headline":"Changes in plasma hormones across the menstrual cycle in patients with menstrually related mood disorder and in control subjects","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/changes-in-plasma-hormones-across-the-menstrual-cycle-in-patients-with-menstrual-recqfjomwbky7pvfk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"D R Rubinow","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0815-2263","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04xeg9z08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M C Hoban","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D S Galloway"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Peter Roy‐Byrne","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Andersen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5128-3547","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Norwegian Labour and Welfare Administration"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G N Grover","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04xeg9z08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G R Merriam","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Roy-Byrne","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5720-0543"}],"datePublished":"1988-01-01","abstract":"A variety of hypotheses have been proposed to explain the premenstrual syndromes. These hypotheses serve as rationales for an equally diverse range of proposed treatments. To investigate these hypotheses, we obtained multiple blood samples across the menstrual cycle in women with well-characterized menstrually related mood disorder and in control subjects. No diagnosis-related differences were observed in the levels or patterns of secretion of progesterone, estradiol, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, testosterone-estradiol-binding globulin, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, dihydrotestosterone, prolactin, or cortisol. Our data suggest that premenstrual syndrome does not represent a simple hormonal deficiency and that the cited rationales for several of the proposed treatments are of questionable merit.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"158","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"5","pageEnd":"11","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(88)90765-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38596469"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(88)90765-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2962499"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38596469"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-ovulation-method-and-the-study-of-reproductive-abnormalities-recnmrka5auejn9y3/","name":"The Ovulation Method and the Study of Reproductive Abnormalities","headline":"The Ovulation Method and the Study of Reproductive Abnormalities","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-ovulation-method-and-the-study-of-reproductive-abnormalities-recnmrka5auejn9y3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1988-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/analysis-of-a-representative-sample-of-natural-family-planning-users-in-england--rec6htkbxub29c7s1/","name":"Analysis of a representative sample of natural family planning users in England  and Wales, 1984-1985","headline":"Analysis of a representative sample of natural family planning users in England  and Wales, 1984-1985","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/analysis-of-a-representative-sample-of-natural-family-planning-users-in-england--rec6htkbxub29c7s1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"von Fragstein M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Royston P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Flynn A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5338-5360","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health"}}],"datePublished":"1988-01-01","abstract":"In response to the lack of analyses of natural family planning (NFP) users in the UK a questionnaire was randomly distributed to teachers and users of this method in England and Wales in 1984-85. 464 of the 1000 questionnaires distributed were returned; the majority of respondents were married couples in the 25-34-year age group. Data on the demographic characteristics of these respondents countered the widely held belief that NFP users are predominantly Roman Catholics with large families. Only 59% of female respondents and 35% of male respondents were Catholic; moreover 65% had 2 pregnancies or fewer with an average number of 2.1. Specific NFP methods selected by study respondents were: symptothermal (67%) Billings ovulation method (21%) calendar temperature (8%) and rhythm (3%). 52% reported previous oral contraceptive (OC) use. 260 respondents were using NFP only while 204 were combining NFP with the use of another method predominantly condoms. The primary sources of information about NFP were: friends (37%) the church (27%) and magazines/newspapers (17%); 74% were taught NFP by a trained instructor. The mean frequency of sexual intercourse per menstrual period--6.9 among exclusive NFP users and 7.9 among those who combined NFP with artificial methods--did not differ from that in the general population. 31% of female respondents and 20% of male respondents reported no problems with the requirement for abstinence during the fertile period; 78% said they had experienced no psychosexual problems as a result of NFP use. There were 179 unplanned pregnancies reported only 25 of which were method-related. An additional 34 pregnancies were regarded as resulting from inadequate training especially about NFP use post-OC postpartum and premenopausal.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"33 Suppl","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Fertility"}},"pageStart":"70","pageEnd":"77","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/transcervical-amnioinfusion-of-antibiotics-a-basic-study-for-managing-premature--recctap3ekeqdxrv1/","name":"Transcervical amnioinfusion of antibiotics: a basic study for managing premature rupture of membranes","headline":"Transcervical amnioinfusion of antibiotics: a basic study for managing premature rupture of membranes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/transcervical-amnioinfusion-of-antibiotics-a-basic-study-for-managing-premature--recctap3ekeqdxrv1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M Imanaka","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Osaka City University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02skfsw40"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Matsumoto","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0375-7458","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Osaka City University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02skfsw40"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Ogita","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Osaka City University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02skfsw40"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Oka","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Osaka City University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02skfsw40"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Sugawa","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Osaka City University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02skfsw40"}}],"datePublished":"1988-01-01","abstract":"To determine the best method of preventing ascending infection in the management of premature rupture of membranes, antibiotics such as latamoxef sodium, cefoperazone sodium, and cefotaxime sodium were infused directly into the amniotic cavity in 64 patients undergoing induction of labor at term. A single infusion of 100 or 500 mg of each drug resulted in a concentration of 200 to 1000 micrograms/ml immediately after infusion, and the concentration remained above 10 micrograms/ml for about 24 hours without significant increase in fetal or maternal blood levels. Consequently, a daily single dose of 100 mg or more is probably effective prophylaxis in cases of premature rupture of membranes. When intrauterine infection is suspected, the dose can be increased to 500 mg or more, and transplacental administration may be added to achieve a higher concentration in fetal blood. The present study simulates well premature rupture of membranes, and an amnioinfusion of antibiotics will be reliable and effective in managing premature rupture of membranes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"158","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"23","pageEnd":"27","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(88)90768-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68253616"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(88)90768-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3337177"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68253616"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/induction-of-ovulation--past-present-and-future-rec6xtsv6rmlngbvw/","name":"Induction of ovulation--past, present and future","headline":"Induction of ovulation--past, present and future","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/induction-of-ovulation--past-present-and-future-rec6xtsv6rmlngbvw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"P R Gindoff"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Jewelewicz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172"}}],"datePublished":"1988-01-01","abstract":"Attempts to induce ovulation have been made since the early 1920s, but the major breakthrough came in the early 1960s with the introduction of clomiphene citrate and the gonadotropins. Additional progress was made in the early 1970s with the introduction of bromocriptine and in the early 1980s with the introduction of pulsatile GnRH. At the present, 'pure' FSH and GnRH agonists are being evaluated as adjuncts to HMG for induction of ovulation. As more insight is gained in the neuroendocrine control of the ovulating cycle, we may soon be able to induce ovulation by direct manipulation of the central nervous system.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"26","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation"}}},"pageStart":"89","pageEnd":"103","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1159/000293679","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39608594"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1159/000293679"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3146532"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39608594"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-significance-of-c-reactive-protein-in-the-diagnosis-of-chorioamnionitis-in-c-recbxnbiot04aat2q/","name":"[The significance of C-reactive protein in the diagnosis of chorioamnionitis in cases of premature rupture of the membranes]","headline":"[The significance of C-reactive protein in the diagnosis of chorioamnionitis in cases of premature rupture of the membranes]","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-significance-of-c-reactive-protein-in-the-diagnosis-of-chorioamnionitis-in-c-recbxnbiot04aat2q/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Chaaban M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jauniaux E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nasreddine S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jabry S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Duchateau J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wilkin P"}],"datePublished":"1988-01-01","abstract":"We have retrospectively studied the changes in the level of C-reactive protein (CRP) and of white blood cells in 82 patients who had premature rupture of the membranes between the 20th and the 36th week of pregnancy in order to estimate the possibility of prenatal screening for amnion infections in early rupture of the membranes. The level of CRP was shown to be quickly and significantly raised in cases of clinical or histological chorioamnionitis, whereas the change in maternal leucocytes alters little and later. The level of CRP can be worked out as an early biological marker which is sensitive and cheap in the clinical supervision of cases with early rupture of the membranes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal De Gynecologie, Obstetrique Et Biologie De La Reproduction"}}},"pageStart":"1045","pageEnd":"1049","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/factors-affecting-client-satisfaction-in-the-instruction-and-usage-of-natural-me-rec6qnc6n0afu9k0u/","name":"Factors affecting client satisfaction in the instruction and usage of natural methods","headline":"Factors affecting client satisfaction in the instruction and usage of natural methods","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/factors-affecting-client-satisfaction-in-the-instruction-and-usage-of-natural-me-rec6qnc6n0afu9k0u/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Boys Ga","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Portland","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01q6pmm96"}}],"datePublished":"1988-01-01","abstract":"A cross-sectional sample of women who had attended \"at least one\" instruction is utilized to assess dimensions of client satisfaction with instruction in and usage of natural family planning (NFP) methods (N = 440). Ovulation and symptothermal methods are represented by five autonomous programs in the state of Oregon. Psychosocial factors affecting experiences with natural methods are assessed using a mailed questionnaire yielding a 57% response rate and follow-up interviews with 28 couples from the initial sample. Findings yield an overall \"effectiveness\" rate of 94% for family-size limiters, and 88% for spacers. There was no difference in overall marital happiness between NFP users and discontinuers, although this may be more related to the overall high level of marital happiness for the total sample compared with the general population. Couples describe their perceptions of the effects of natural methods on marriage, communication patterns, sexual satisfaction, and family life. Implications for program development and research are explored.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"33 Suppl","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International journal of fertility"}},"pageStart":"59","pageEnd":"64","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69924509","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2902031"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69924509"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulation-induction-recmz49jzrepnvygo/","name":"Ovulation induction","headline":"Ovulation induction","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulation-induction-recmz49jzrepnvygo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kennedy JL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Y Adashi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7730-1192","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64"}}],"datePublished":"1987-12-01","abstract":"Methods to induce ovulation in anovulatory women have blossomed over the last three decades. The introduction of clomiphene citrate in 1960 allowed us for the first time to provoke follicle development in patients with normo or hyperestrogenic forms of anovulation. The development of human menopausal gonadotropins in the early 1960s gave us a much more powerful tool with which to influence ovulation in all forms of ovulatory disturbances. Elucidation of the pulsatile secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone together with its isolation and synthesis has allowed us to streamline our methods of inducing ovulation in hypothalamic amenorrheic patients by using endogenous control mechanisms to maximize both safety and effectiveness. However, there are problems yet to solve. Polycystic ovarian disease has long eluded our efforts to resolve its pathophysiology as well as to devise a consistently effective and safe means of treatment. Methods to restore ovulation in patients with polycystic ovarian disease refractory to clomiphene citrate is the quest of future investigations.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America"}}},"pageStart":"831","pageEnd":"864","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cumulative-pregnancy-rates-for-donor-insemination-according-to-ovulatory-functio-recp1wokysfin6x9k/","name":"Cumulative pregnancy rates for donor insemination according to ovulatory function and tubal status","headline":"Cumulative pregnancy rates for donor insemination according to ovulatory function and tubal status","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cumulative-pregnancy-rates-for-donor-insemination-according-to-ovulatory-functio-recp1wokysfin6x9k/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bradshaw KD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ackerman G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Grun B","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1776-0212","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Florida"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D S Guzick","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4791-2106","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05byvp690"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Johnson N","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9110-1960"}],"datePublished":"1987-12-01","abstract":"From our study of 234 cases of AID with fresh semen, we conclude the following: (1) women who do not have other infertility problems, such as ovulatory dysfunction or evidence of tubal disease, have approximately a 90% chance of pregnancy if they stay in the program for up to 12 cycles; (2) with even greater persistence (i.e., greater than 12 cycles), it is predicted that virtually 100% of these women would conceive, but this conclusion is based on extrapolated data and therefore must be interpreted with caution; (3) women with ovulatory dysfunction who are treated with CC during their AID cycles ultimately achieve the same likelihood of pregnancy as women with normal ovulatory function, but at a slower rate; and (4) women with one patent tube (possibly a marker for generalized tubal damage) have a poorer outcome from AID than those with bilaterally patent tubes, from the standpoint of both the ultimate likelihood of pregnancy and the pregnancy rate per cycle.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"48","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1051","pageEnd":"1054","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/functional-differentiation-in-steroidogenesis-of-two-types-of-luteal-cells-isola-rec7if9kbylmwr1uo/","name":"Functional differentiation in steroidogenesis of two types of luteal cells isolated from mature human corpora lutea of menstrual cycle","headline":"Functional differentiation in steroidogenesis of two types of luteal cells isolated from mature human corpora lutea of menstrual cycle","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/functional-differentiation-in-steroidogenesis-of-two-types-of-luteal-cells-isola-rec7if9kbylmwr1uo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A Ohara","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5317-347X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Faculty of Medicine, Japan."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Ban","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3938-625X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kyoto University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02kpeqv85"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Mori","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kyoto University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02kpeqv85"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Narimoto","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kyoto University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02kpeqv85"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Taii","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kyoto University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02kpeqv85"}}],"datePublished":"1987-12-01","abstract":"Enriched small and large cell fractions were prepared from mature corpora lutea from 15 women in the midluteal phase by enzymatic dissociation, followed by Percoll gradient centrifugation. The steroidogenic function of each cell type was assessed by measuring the gonadal steroids released into the incubation medium. The large cell fraction was estimated to be 97% pure, with minimal contamination by small cells, whereas the small cell fraction was approximately 68% pure, being contaminated with 10% large cells and 22% nonsteroidogenic cells. In the unstimulated state, large cells were approximately 2-fold more potent in progesterone formation and aromatase activity, but only half as potent in androstenedione and testosterone formation as an equal number of small cells. When stimulated with hCG, the small cells responded with significant increases in progesterone, androstenedione, and testosterone release, but the large cells did not. Both cell types secreted estrone and 17 beta-estradiol in the presence of androgen substrate, but the addition of FSH significantly stimulated aromatization only in large cells. Thus, small and large human luteal cells have steroidogenic properties similar to those exhibited by follicular thecal and granulosa cells, respectively.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"65","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"1192","pageEnd":"1200","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-65-6-1192","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70367039"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jcem-65-6-1192"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3119652"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70367039"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/is-c-reactive-protein-really-useful-in-preterm-premature-rupture-of-the-membrane-recbg4frrishbhsh7/","name":"Is C-reactive protein really useful in preterm premature rupture of the membranes?","headline":"Is C-reactive protein really useful in preterm premature rupture of the membranes?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/is-c-reactive-protein-really-useful-in-preterm-premature-rupture-of-the-membrane-recbg4frrishbhsh7/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"N M Fisk","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0031-7975","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"King George V Memorial Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0434c4478"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrew Child","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"King George V Memorial Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0434c4478"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alan Bradfield","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Prince Alfred Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05gpvde20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Heather E. Jeffery","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Prince Alfred Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05gpvde20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Fysh","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Prince Alfred Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05gpvde20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P A Gatenby","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"King George V Memorial Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0434c4478"}}],"datePublished":"1987-12-01","abstract":"In a prospective blind study 380 daily serum samples from 55 women with preterm premature rupture of the membranes were analysed for C-reactive protein (CRP). Although the last CRP before delivery was higher in patients with histological chorioamnionitis (P = 0.007), considerable overlap between infected and non-infected pregnancies occurred, precluding the use of CRP as a diagnostic test if published normal levels were used. When upper limits were set at 30, 35, or 40 mg/l, the last CRP before delivery proved 90, 95 and 100% specific and 88, 92 and 100% positively predictive of infection in singleton pregnancies. Such high specificities are needed to prevent inappropriate intervention based on false positive results. We therefore propose upper limits for single estimations of 30, 35, or 40 mg/l depending on the relative risks of preterm delivery versus infection at various gestational ages. In addition, consecutive values greater than 20 mg/l appeared highly predictive of infection.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"94","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"1159","pageEnd":"1164","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1987.tb02316.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68532130"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1471-0528.1987.tb02316.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3426987"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68532130"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/age-related-evolution-in-color-appearance-of-endometriosis-reczigmgw9vbpc0bi/","name":"Age-related evolution in color appearance of endometriosis","headline":"Age-related evolution in color appearance of endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/age-related-evolution-in-color-appearance-of-endometriosis-reczigmgw9vbpc0bi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"David B Redwine","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Charles Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02stwhg86"}}],"datePublished":"1987-12-01","abstract":"Endometriosis presents a large variety of color manifestations, most nonblack, and many easily missed unless meticulous inspection is used to identify small or nonhemorrhagic lesions. An evolution in appearance with age may occur, with resultant spurious effects on conclusions regarding the natural history of the disease. This study confirms and expands the concept of nonhemorrhagic appearances presented by Jansen and Russell.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"48","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1062","pageEnd":"1063","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/S0015-0282(16)59611-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69445044"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/S0015-0282(16)59611-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3678506"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69445044"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/correlations-between-the-human-sperm-hamster-egg-penetration-assay-and-in-vitro--reclbpvnv2o1js6vt/","name":"Correlations between the human sperm-hamster egg penetration assay and in vitro fertilization results","headline":"Correlations between the human sperm-hamster egg penetration assay and in vitro fertilization results","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/correlations-between-the-human-sperm-hamster-egg-penetration-assay-and-in-vitro--reclbpvnv2o1js6vt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Batzer FR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Go KJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eisenberg E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"English ME"},{"@type":"Person","name":"White SM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laberge Y"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Goldman N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S L Corson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4394-551X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Thomas Jefferson University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04zhhva53"}}],"datePublished":"1987-12-01","abstract":"The human sperm-hamster egg penetration assay (SPA) has been used to evaluate male fertility under in vivo conditions. The test is not only unstandardized, but agreement does not exist as to the lower limits of normal penetration rates. Therefore, it is not surprising that there is considerable doubt as to whether any correlation exists between SPA results and the behavior of sperm in an in vitro laboratory situation. We investigated this question by examining the SPA results and the subsequent fertilization and cleavage rates in the in vitro fertilization program at Pennsylvania Hospital. The sperm from men whose SPA results were 11% or more fertilized 86% of the morphologically normal and mature human oocytes to which they were exposed. Men whose SPA scores ranged from 1% through 10% fertilized 65% of human oocytes, and men whose sperm failed to penetrate hamster eggs still were able to fertilize 41% of the human oocytes. The differences between these groups are statistically significant. This information can be of practical prognostic value during in vitro fertilization cycles in which the number of mature oocytes seen ultrasonographically appears to be at a minimum.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"879","pageEnd":"887","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-integrated-luteal-progesterone-an-assessment-of-luteal-function-recw7secgfzm3wowi/","name":"The integrated luteal progesterone: an assessment of luteal function","headline":"The integrated luteal progesterone: an assessment of luteal function","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-integrated-luteal-progesterone-an-assessment-of-luteal-function-recw7secgfzm3wowi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S S Minassian","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Thomas Jefferson University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ysqcn41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C H Wu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9820-2000","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107."}}],"datePublished":"1987-12-01","abstract":"An integrated luteal progesterone (ILPL) was calculated on the basis of a luteal progesterone (P) level with the assumption that the daily plasma P level in the luteal phase closely approximates a sine curve. The midluteal P-amplitude (K) was also obtained mathematically. Daily luteal P levels from five normal ovulatory cycles were assessed for the biologic variation of ILPL and K, then compiled to construct a normogram of the ILP during the luteal phase. The coefficient of variation of K and total ILPL in each cycle ranged from 9.7% to 24.3% and 3.5% to 13.2%, respectively. Fifty-two infertility patients were evaluated for their luteal function by the luteal P and estradiol (E2) level, K, ILPL, endometrial biopsy (EBX)-lag-day, as well as the lengths of follicular phase, luteal phase (L#), and cycle. Thirty-nine patients had EBX-lag day less than or equal to 2 days and were designated as infertile-normal (INF-NL) luteal phase, while the remaining 13 patients who had EBX-lag day greater than 2 days were considered as luteal phase defect (LPD). Significant (P less than 0.05) differences were observed between INF-NL and LPD in: luteal length (13.2 +/- 0.31 versus 11.0 +/- 0.58 days, respectively), and total ILPL (170 +/- 8.3 versus 113 +/- 8.5 ng/ml-day, respectively). No differences were seen in luteal P, E2 and K levels, nor in follicular and cycle length. Significant (P less than 0.05) correlations were observed between total ILPL and luteal P, E2, L#, and K; while a negative correlation was noted between follicular and luteal length.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"48","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"937","pageEnd":"940","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)59587-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52583417"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)59587-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3678513"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q52583417"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevention-of-pelvic-adhesion-formation-by-different-modalities-of-treatment-reczh9j6msm12ggbv/","name":"Prevention of pelvic adhesion formation by different modalities of treatment","headline":"Prevention of pelvic adhesion formation by different modalities of treatment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevention-of-pelvic-adhesion-formation-by-different-modalities-of-treatment-reczh9j6msm12ggbv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J A Fayez","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04v8djg66"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P J Schneider","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wake Forest University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0207ad724"}}],"datePublished":"1987-11-01","abstract":"This prospective study was designed to investigate the effect of glucocorticoids, promethazine (Phenergan), hyskon, heparin, and Ringer's lactated solution in the prevention of pelvic adhesion formation after pelvic surgery. The patients were divided into two groups: The first consisted of 396 patients who had laparotomy for different types of pelvic surgery, and the second group consisted of 546 patients who had operative laparoscopy for different types of pelvic disease. Patients in these two major groups were divided prospectively into different subgroups with different modalities of adjuvant therapy to prevent postoperative pelvic adhesions. A second-look laparoscopy was performed for some of the patients who failed to conceive in each of these subgroups. Pregnancy rate and adhesion formation were compared between these subgroups with no statistical difference noted. It is concluded that glucocorticoids, promethazine, heparin, and hyskon have no therapeutic advantage over Ringer's lactated solution in the prevention of postoperative pelvic adhesion formation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"157","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1184","pageEnd":"1188","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9378(87)80291-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69011797"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0002-9378(87)80291-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2446499"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69011797"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cervical-mucus-changes-in-relationship-to-urinary-luteinizing-hormone-recf1r8tbcizmkvju/","name":"Cervical mucus changes in relationship to urinary luteinizing hormone","headline":"Cervical mucus changes in relationship to urinary luteinizing hormone","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cervical-mucus-changes-in-relationship-to-urinary-luteinizing-hormone-recf1r8tbcizmkvju/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Nulsen J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ausmanas M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Blasco L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wheeler C","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9020-0660","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Instituto de Investigacion y Desarrollo de Camelidos Sudamericanos"}}],"datePublished":"1987-11-01","abstract":"In order to evaluate the relationship between the urinary luteinizing hormone (LH) surge as detected by the OvuSTICK (Monoclonal Antibodies, Inc., Mountain View, CA) method and daily cervical mucus parameters, ten spontaneously ovulating women undergoing infertility evaluation were followed during their cycles with twice daily urinary LH testing as well as daily ultrasound, mucus evaluation, and hormonal assays of serum LH, progesterone (P), and estradiol (E2). Maximal cervical mucus scores, as determined using a modified Insler score, were noted to coincide consistently with the urinary LH surge as detected by twice daily testing and to precede ultrasound evidence of ovulation by 0 to 24 hours. Mucus scores rapidly declined in the 24-hour period following the urinary LH surge. Detection of the urinary LH surge may therefore help identify that period of time during which cervical mucus parameters are optimal and therefore facilitate the timing of artificial insemination, intercourse, or postcoital testing.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"48","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"783","pageEnd":"786","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-dietary-boron-on-mineral-estrogen-and-testosterone-metabolism-in-postm-ae4zjol5/","name":"Effect of dietary boron on mineral, estrogen, and testosterone metabolism in postmenopausal women","headline":"Effect of dietary boron on mineral, estrogen, and testosterone metabolism in postmenopausal women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-dietary-boron-on-mineral-estrogen-and-testosterone-metabolism-in-postm-ae4zjol5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Nielsen FH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hunt CD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mullen LM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hunt JR"}],"datePublished":"1987-11-01","abstract":"A study was done to examine the effects of aluminum, magnesium, and boron on major mineral metabolism in postmenopausal women. This communication describes some of the effects of dietary boron on 12 women between the ages of 48 and 82 housed in a metabolic unit. A boron supplement of 3 mg/day markedly affected several indices of mineral metabolism of seven women consuming a low-magnesium diet and five women consuming a diet adequate in magnesium; the women had consumed a conventional diet supplying about 0.25 mg boron/day for 119 days. Boron supplementation markedly reduced the urinary excretion of calcium and magnesium; the depression seemed more marked when dietary magnesium was low. Boron supplementation depressed the urinary excretion of phosphorus by the low-magnesium, but not by the adequate-magnesium, women. Boron supplementation markedly elevated the serum concentrations of 17 beta-estradiol and testosterone; the elevation seemed more marked when dietary magnesium was low. Neither high dietary aluminum (1000 mg/day) nor an interaction between boron and aluminum affected the variables presented. The findings suggest that supplementation of a low-boron diet with an amount of boron commonly found in diets high in fruits and vegetables induces changes in postmenopausal women consistent with the prevention of calcium loss and bone demineralization.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology"}}},"pageStart":"394","pageEnd":"7","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34187303","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3678698"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34187303"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/isthmic-ectopic-pregnancy-and-salpingitis-isthmica-nodosa-recf5prod6yh1e25d/","name":"Isthmic ectopic pregnancy and salpingitis isthmica nodosa","headline":"Isthmic ectopic pregnancy and salpingitis isthmica nodosa","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/isthmic-ectopic-pregnancy-and-salpingitis-isthmica-nodosa-recf5prod6yh1e25d/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A J Garvin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical University of South Carolina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012jban78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Holtz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4569-7975","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical University of South Carolina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012jban78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R J Homm","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical University of South Carolina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012jban78"}}],"datePublished":"1987-11-01","abstract":"Two hundred eighty-five charts were reviewed from patients who underwent surgery for ectopic pregnancy. Excluded were patients with previous tubal reparative surgery, linear salpingotomy, or failed sterilization. The incidence of isthmic ectopic pregnancy in the remaining 255 cases was 15.3%. The association of salpingitis isthmica nodosa (SIN) and isthmic ectopic pregnancy was determined by review of resected tubal segments. SIN was noted in 17 of 37 cases (45.9%) of isthmic ectopic pregnancy. SIN places the patient at risk for recurrent ectopic pregnancy or infertility. Recommended conservative management of isthmic ectopic pregnancy is segmental resection with postoperative emphasis on documentation of SIN when present. Postoperative hysterosalpingography is recommended with an abnormal contralateral tube or when SIN is noted in the resected tubal segment. Management options after an isthmic ectopic pregnancy when future fertility is desired are presented.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"48","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"756","pageEnd":"760","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)59525-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39783689"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)59525-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3666179"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39783689"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/thyroid-disease-and-reproductive-dysfunction-a-review-recqtxwldisacysuh/","name":"Thyroid disease and reproductive dysfunction: a review","headline":"Thyroid disease and reproductive dysfunction: a review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/thyroid-disease-and-reproductive-dysfunction-a-review-recqtxwldisacysuh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R L Reid","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6448-3166","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas R","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4658-6724"}],"datePublished":"1987-11-01","abstract":"Thyroid disorders are often ubiquitous and insidious in their presentation. They have been implicated in a broad spectrum of reproductive disorders ranging from abnormal sexual development to menstrual irregularities and infertility. If pregnancy occurs in a patient with thyroid disease, the physician must ensure that therapeutic measures instituted to restore the health of the mother do not adversely affect the developing fetus. This review examines the role of thyroid disease in disorders confronting the obstetrician/gynecologist and provides a theoretical framework upon which to base practical management decisions.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"70","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"789","pageEnd":"798","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-premenstrual-syndrome-rec7escbwkmczcpeo/","name":"Incidence of the premenstrual syndrome in twins","headline":"Incidence of the premenstrual syndrome in twins","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-premenstrual-syndrome-rec7escbwkmczcpeo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M E Dalton"},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Guthrie"},{"@type":"Person","name":"K DALTON","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University College Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wrevg56"}}],"datePublished":"1987-10-24","abstract":"CommentThis case fits the criteria for mania listed by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (3rd edition) and the ninth revision of the International Classification of Diseases.The association of mania and myxoedema must be very rare, and we can find no other reported case. 1-5The two usual psychiatric syndromes seen in myxoedema are, firstly, confusion and cognitive impairment resembling dementia, sometimes with clouding of consciousness; and, secondly, depressed mood with paranoid delusional ideas and often hallucinations.' 2 Irritability and violence are reported only in association with paranoid cases.2Our patient showed no psychiatric disorder until further metabolic disturbance was superimposed on his thyroid deficiency.After surgery he had a mental disturbance which may have been mild hypomania, which suggests that he may have been particularly susceptible to develop a mental disturbance from metabolic abnormality as an expression of his genetic predisposition indicated by the positive family history.We thank Professor J T Silverstone for his help and advice in preparing this report.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"295","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6605","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British medical journal (Clinical research ed.)"}}},"pageStart":"1027","pageEnd":"1028","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.295.6605.1027-a","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34072812"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj.295.6605.1027-a"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3120860"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34072812"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-micronized-progesterone-bioavailability-pharmacokinetics-pharmacological-an-rect8apboa81ubu6y/","name":"Oral micronized progesterone. Bioavailability pharmacokinetics, pharmacological and therapeutic implications--a review","headline":"Oral micronized progesterone. Bioavailability pharmacokinetics, pharmacological and therapeutic implications--a review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-micronized-progesterone-bioavailability-pharmacokinetics-pharmacological-an-rect8apboa81ubu6y/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Régine Sitruk‐Ware","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5183-9875","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05tr67282"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Bricaire","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05tr67282"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bruno de Lignières","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05tr67282"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Mauvais-Jarvis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05tr67282"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Sitruk-Ware","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5566-307X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Hopital Necker, Paris, France."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Yaneva","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05tr67282"}}],"datePublished":"1987-10-01","abstract":"Progesterone (P), the natural hormone, binds to its specific receptors to induce specific progestational effects. In addition to this binding, P is able to interfere with the binding sites of other steroids. Therefore the natural hormone exhibits an anti-estrogenic activity, and anti-androgenic activity and also exerts anti-mineralocorticoid effects. For a long time progesterone could not be used in clinical applications because of a rapid liver inactivation after oral administration. An oral micronized preparation of progesterone is now available which produces adequate plasma and tissue levels of progesterone. The preparation reproduces the anti-estrogenic effect of the natural hormone on the endometrium at the dose of 200 mg daily. It also reproduces the anti-mineralocorticoid effect and has no androgenic action. No side effects have been reported as far as lipids profile, coagulation factors and blood pressure are concerned. Therefore oral micronized progesterone appears suitable for hormonal replacement therapy in various areas, essentially postmenopause therapy, premenstrual syndrome, correction of irregular cycles and pregnancy maintenance.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"36","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"373","pageEnd":"402","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-7824(87)90088-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39697106"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0010-7824(87)90088-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3327648"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39697106"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/whole-blood-serotonin-in-premenstrual-syndrome-recl6fheyeqaormey/","name":"Whole-blood serotonin in premenstrual syndrome","headline":"Whole-blood serotonin in premenstrual syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/whole-blood-serotonin-in-premenstrual-syndrome-recl6fheyeqaormey/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Edelmuth E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chang, C. L."},{"@type":"Person","name":"Reading AE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"McGuire MT"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Su TP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A J Rapkin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3254-8671","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Augusta University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012mef835"}}],"datePublished":"1987-10-01","abstract":"Whole-blood serotonin levels in 14 subjects with well documented premenstrual syndrome and 13 age-matched controls were compared. Serotonin levels of premenstrual syndrome subjects were significantly lower during the last ten days of the menstrual cycle. No significant differences were noted in levels of serum estradiol and progesterone. Decreased serotonin is known to be associated with depression in humans, and nonhuman primates have exhibited abnormal behavioral profiles when given serotonin antagonists. The present observation suggests that the physiologic basis of premenstrual syndrome involves an alteration in serotonin metabolism.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"70","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"533","pageEnd":"537","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-reckbdoa0cn4hya4q/","name":"Natural family planning","headline":"Natural family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-reckbdoa0cn4hya4q/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"James B. Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7414-6809","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Melbourne","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leonard F Blackwell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massey University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052czxv31"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J J Billings","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9513-4057","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Vincent's HospitalMelbourne"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R I Cox","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Melbourne","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Matthew A. Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1271-7271","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Southern Regional Area Health Education Centers","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ptehc98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Conway","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Melbourne","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Garrett","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8393-3742","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Melbourne","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Holmes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6537-1035","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Health Sciences and Nutrition","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0152bt112"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1406-4251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Miranda Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9372-1381","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Pathology, Southern Regional Area Health Education Center, Fayetteville, North Carolina, USA.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0036ate90"}}],"datePublished":"1987-10-01","abstract":"It is now well accepted that a woman can conceive from an act of intercourse for a maximum of only about 7 days of her menstrual cycle. The reliability of natural family planning depends on identifying this window of fertility without ambiguity. Several symptomatic markers, cervical mucus and basal body temperature, have been used extensively and with considerable success in most women but failures occur. Ovarian and pituitary hormone production show characteristic patterns during the cycle. Urinary estrogen and pregnanediol measurements yield reliable information concerning the beginning, peak, and end of the fertile period, provided that the assays are accurate and performed on timed specimens of urine. We have developed such enzyme immunoassays for urinary estrogen and pregnanediol glucuronides that can be performed at home. In the early versions of the assays, enzyme reaction rates were measured by eye, but more recently, a simple photoelectronic rate meter has been used. The final problem to be solved is not technologic but whether women are sufficiently motivated to expend the same time and effort each day for 10 days a month, with less cost, on fertility awareness as they spend on making a cup of tea.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"157","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4 Pt 2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1082","pageEnd":"1089","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9378(87)80137-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68201187"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0002-9378(87)80137-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3314524"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68201187"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/histology-of-proximal-tubal-occlusion-recsfiecvpwt0rcta/","name":"Histology of proximal tubal occlusion","headline":"Histology of proximal tubal occlusion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/histology-of-proximal-tubal-occlusion-recsfiecvpwt0rcta/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Letterie GS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Coddington CC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hayslip CC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Woodward JE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Klein TA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Patricia J Sulak","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Scott & White Memorial Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02ge60j37"}}],"datePublished":"1987-09-01","abstract":"From 1979 to 1985, 18 patients who were found to have proximal tubal obstruction by hysterosalpingography and laparoscopic chromopertubation underwent resection of the obstructed tubal segment and reimplantation or microanastomosis. Resected tubal segments were studied histologically, and in 11 of the 18 cases no tubal occlusion could be demonstrated. A variety of histologic abnormalities were noted, however, including six cases in which the tubal lumen contained an amorphous material of unknown etiology, often appearing to form a cast of the tube. Such \"plugs,\" which the authors believe to be previously unreported, have no clearly established clinical significance at present. However, if they cause tubal occlusion, this would explain several previously published findings, and would also have implications for therapy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"48","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"437","pageEnd":"440","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometrial-morphology-and-peripheral-hormone-levels-in-women-with-regular-menst-rec2fcpyhmvutbuzp/","name":"Endometrial morphology and peripheral hormone levels in women with regular menstrual cycles","headline":"Endometrial morphology and peripheral hormone levels in women with regular menstrual cycles","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometrial-morphology-and-peripheral-hormone-levels-in-women-with-regular-menst-rec2fcpyhmvutbuzp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Johannisson E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rohr HP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"E DICZFALUSY","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Karolinska Institutet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056d84691"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"BRUT‐MARIE LANDGREN","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Karolinska Institutet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056d84691"}}],"datePublished":"1987-09-01","abstract":"Endometrial biopsies from 90 women with regular menstrual cycles and a hormonal profile compatible with normal luteal function were morphometrically assessed using 11 different indices and the results were plotted in 48-hour periods around the day of the luteinizing hormone (LH) surge (LH +/- 0). The endometrial dating reached its highest significance from days LH -3/-2 to days LH +7/+8, when the changes occurred with a high degree of regularity regardless of the length of the preovulatory and postovulatory phases. It is proposed therefore that the dating of the endometrium should be related to the LH surge rather than to the \"ideal\" 28-day cycle. The results also seem to suggest the existence of a regulatory mechanism for the synchronization of follicular maturation and midcycle endometrial development. Further study of the factors involved in this mechanism may result in a better understanding of certain forms of unexplained infertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"48","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"401","pageEnd":"408","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/artificial-insemination-with-donor-sperm-a-review-of-108-patients-rec4dsdeosomirolf/","name":"Artificial insemination with donor sperm: a review of 108 patients","headline":"Artificial insemination with donor sperm: a review of 108 patients","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/artificial-insemination-with-donor-sperm-a-review-of-108-patients-rec4dsdeosomirolf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J Yeh","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7902-6120","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Tsing Hua University"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M M Seibel"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Seibel Mm"}],"datePublished":"1987-09-01","abstract":"Artificial insemination with donor sperm (AID) has been a major form of treatment among infertile couples with defects in sperm production. In this report, we review our experience from 1980-1985. A total of 108 patients underwent AID, with 75 resultant pregnancies. Of patients achieving pregnancy, 47% became pregnant after the third cycle and 92% by the twelfth cycle. A higher success rate and/or smaller number of AID cycles were positively associated with patient age of 35 or less and negatively associated with endometriosis. This information is useful in counseling couples interested in pursuing AID.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"70","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3 Pt 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"313","pageEnd":"316","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7292(88)90050-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39779046"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0020-7292(88)90050-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3627578"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39779046"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/salpingoscopy-versus-hysterosalpingography-in-hydrosalpinges-recpynt2jj5pzkihq/","name":"Salpingoscopy versus hysterosalpingography in hydrosalpinges","headline":"Salpingoscopy versus hysterosalpingography in hydrosalpinges","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/salpingoscopy-versus-hysterosalpingography-in-hydrosalpinges-recpynt2jj5pzkihq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ivo Brosens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9762-2820"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Vasquez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3030-4828","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W Boeckx"},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Delattin"},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Puttemans","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitair Ziekenhuis Leuven","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0424bsv16"}}],"datePublished":"1987-08-01","abstract":"A technique of translaparoscopic salpingoscopy is utilized to evaluate the ampullary segment of the Fallopian tube in patients suffering from infertility. Comparison of this technique with hysterosalpingography in a series of 32 patients with hydrosalpinges demonstrates its superiority in the evaluation of the tubal mucosa. This new diagnostic approach allows a more accurate selection of patients for either microsurgical repair, in-vitro fertilization (IVF) or gamete intra-Fallopian transfer (GIFT).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"535","pageEnd":"540","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a136583","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70039959"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a136583"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2959683"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70039959"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reduction-of-the-number-of-embryos-in-a-multiple-pregnancy-quintuplet-to-triplet-rec1bvgqo4eknkspw/","name":"Reduction of the number of embryos in a multiple pregnancy: quintuplet to triplet","headline":"Reduction of the number of embryos in a multiple pregnancy: quintuplet to triplet","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reduction-of-the-number-of-embryos-in-a-multiple-pregnancy-quintuplet-to-triplet-rec1bvgqo4eknkspw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ilan E. Timor‐Tritsch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9774-3107","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Technion – Israel Institute of Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03qryx823"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J M Brandes","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Technion – Israel Institute of Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03qryx823"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Drugan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Technion – Israel Institute of Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03qryx823"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Frydman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Antoine-Béclère","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sb8a726"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Itskovitz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Technion – Israel Institute of Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03qryx823"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"I E Timor-Tritsch"}],"datePublished":"1987-08-01","abstract":"The technique for reduction of the number of embryos was applied in a patient who conceived following IVF and transfer of six embryos. On the 10th week of gestation, the number of embryos was reduced from five to three by an U/S-guided intra-uterine procedure. Two healthy girls and a boy were delivered in the 36th week by cesarean section. No trace of the other two fetuses was found. The moral and technical aspects of partial preventive termination of multiple pregnancy are discussed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"48","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"326","pageEnd":"327","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)59366-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51787221"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)59366-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3609345"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q51787221"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effects-of-vitamin-b6-supplementation-on-premenstrual-symptoms-recbw0hjynbwktt7q/","name":"The effects of vitamin B6 supplementation on premenstrual symptoms","headline":"The effects of vitamin B6 supplementation on premenstrual symptoms","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effects-of-vitamin-b6-supplementation-on-premenstrual-symptoms-recbw0hjynbwktt7q/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kendall KE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Schnurr PP"}],"datePublished":"1987-08-01","abstract":"A double-blind controlled study of the effects of vitamin B6 supplementation on premenstrual symptoms was conducted. Fifty-five women who reported moderate to severe premenstrual mood changes participated in the study. Symptoms were monitored prospectively through daily home record-keeping over a one-month baseline period followed by two months of treatment. Subjects were randomly assigned to receive daily supplements of 150 mg of vitamin B6 or placebo over the entire two-month treatment period. Analysis of covariance suggested that even though vitamin B6 may improve premenstrual symptoms related to autonomic reactions (eg, dizziness and vomiting) and behavioral changes (eg, poor performance and decreased social activities), a significant amount of physical and affective symptomatology remained during the premenstrual phase. In light of recently reported, potentially toxic effects of low doses of vitamin B6, our results call for caution in using this therapy for premenstrual symptoms.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"70","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"145","pageEnd":"149","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-endocrine-effects-of-spironolactone-used-as-an-antiandrogen-reckerigze6l6rovc/","name":"The endocrine effects of spironolactone used as an antiandrogen","headline":"The endocrine effects of spironolactone used as an antiandrogen","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-endocrine-effects-of-spironolactone-used-as-an-antiandrogen-reckerigze6l6rovc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen Elkind‐Hirsch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3577-4009","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Texas Medical Association","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04ztvme64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karen Elkind-Hirsch"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J W GOLDZIEHER","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R L Young","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}}],"datePublished":"1987-08-01","abstract":"Eight castrate, estrogen-replaced women were given 200 mg spironolactone daily for 4 weeks. The response of plasma dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), testosterone (T), and androstenedione (delta 4A), all indicators of adrenal C19-steroid production, varied greatly among individuals. Sixteen women with idiopathic hirsutism were given night-time dexamethasone (DEX) and then superimposed spironolactone for 4 weeks, followed by DEX without spironolactone for an additional 4 weeks. As expected, DHEAS, T, and delta 4A declined on DEX treatment. On addition of spironolactone, there was little further change in DHEAS, while plasma T declined in 7 of 16 women, including all those whose T level had remained elevated despite DEX treatment; most values rebounded when spironolactone was discontinued. The authors conclude from intact DEX-suppressed women that ovarian T, especially when increased, is frequently lowered by spironolactone. Thus, both adrenal and ovarian androgen production (as measured by prevailing plasma levels) may be diminished by this agent. These highly variable effects on androgen production are unlikely to account for the consistent antiandrogenic effects reported clinically.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"48","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"223","pageEnd":"228","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)59346-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70034348"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)59346-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2956130"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70034348"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/is-endometriosis-an-autoimmune-disease-recc4xgxr4t9xpf7z/","name":"Is endometriosis an autoimmune disease?","headline":"Is endometriosis an autoimmune disease?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/is-endometriosis-an-autoimmune-disease-recc4xgxr4t9xpf7z/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Friberg J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Confino","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mount Sinai Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/019jr0130"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"el-Roeiy A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6759-6211"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Norbert Gleicher","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0202-4167","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Foundation for Reproductive Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hp71e29"}}],"datePublished":"1987-07-01","abstract":"Among 59 laparoscopically staged endometriosis patients, 28.8% tested positive for antinuclear antibody. Of 44 patients, 45.5% were lupus anticoagulant positive (greater than 1.3) and 20.5% were within a borderline range (1.2-1.3). Antinuclear antibody positivity was inversely related to stage of disease (P = .009); lupus anticoagulant positivity exhibited a similar trend, but did not reach statistical significance. Of 31 endometriosis patients, 64.5% exhibited immunoglobulin G (IgG) autoantibodies and 45.2% demonstrated IgM autoantibodies to at least one of 16 antigens investigated. Among IgG autoantibodies, those to phospholipids were most frequently detected, followed in order of frequency by antibodies to histones and nucleotides. The incidence of IgM autoantibodies was inverted, with antinucleotides appearing most frequently and antiphospholipids least frequently. A strong correlation was noted between the presence of lupus anticoagulant and antinuclear antibody with both IgG and IgM autoantibodies. These observations suggest that endometriosis is associated with abnormal polyclonal B cell activation, a classic characteristic of autoimmune disease. This contention is further supported in that immunoglobulin levels (particularly IgG) are elevated in patients with endometriosis, and more so in lupus anticoagulant-positive than lupus anticoagulant-negative endometriosis patients (P = .021).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"70","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"115","pageEnd":"122","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/treatment-of-premenstrual-syndrome-with-alprazolam-results-of-a-double-blind-pla-rec8apw8omtxaryb5/","name":"Treatment of premenstrual syndrome with alprazolam: results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized crossover clinical trial","headline":"Treatment of premenstrual syndrome with alprazolam: results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized crossover clinical trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/treatment-of-premenstrual-syndrome-with-alprazolam-results-of-a-double-blind-pla-rec8apw8omtxaryb5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"John S. Rinehart","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Human Reproduction","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05avmsq62"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ruddock VE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Schiff I"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Smith S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0644-3377"}],"datePublished":"1987-07-01","abstract":"A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized multiple crossover study was designed to determine the effectiveness of alprazolam in the treatment of premenstrual syndrome. Patients maintained daily diaries of 22 premenstrual symptoms for one pretreatment control cycle and four treatment cycles. Alprazolam 0.25 mg or placebo was administered three times daily from cycle day 20 until the second day of menstruation, at which time the dosage was tapered by one tablet per day to minimize withdrawal effects. The results of the clinical trial indicate that alprazolam is significantly more effective than placebo in relieving the severity of premenstrual nervous tension, mood swings, irritability, anxiety, depression, fatigue, forgetfulness, crying, cravings for sweets, abdominal bloating, abdominal cramps, and headache. The low incidence of side effects makes alprazolam an acceptable treatment for premenstrual syndrome for those women unresponsive to other therapies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"70","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"37","pageEnd":"43","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/c-reactive-protein-as-a-predictor-of-fetal-and-maternal-infective-morbidity-and--recf0ki9vqh5quiy9/","name":"C-reactive protein as a predictor of fetal and maternal infective morbidity and fetal mortality","headline":"C-reactive protein as a predictor of fetal and maternal infective morbidity and fetal mortality","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/c-reactive-protein-as-a-predictor-of-fetal-and-maternal-infective-morbidity-and--recf0ki9vqh5quiy9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Perlmann T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Herman AA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ransome OJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kantor RW"},{"@type":"Person","name":"de Souza JJ","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6047-7463","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional"}}],"datePublished":"1987-06-06","abstract":"The value of maternal C-reactive protein (CRP) levels as predictors of fetal and maternal infective morbidity and fetal mortality was assessed prospectively over a 6-month period in all cases of premature rupture of the fetal membranes or suspected premature labour. Statistical analysis of results showed that CRP at a level of 1.32 mg/dl is a sensitive marker of infective morbidity in mother and neonate. Furthermore, there was a significant association between raised CRP levels and low-birth-weight babies, suggesting that intra-uterine infection is a major cause of prematurity in the study population.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"71","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"South African Medical Journal = Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif Vir Geneeskunde"}}},"pageStart":"690","pageEnd":"692","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/detection-of-postnatal-depression-development-of-the-10-item-edinburgh-postnatal-reclty441jcsungvh/","name":"Detection of postnatal depression. Development of the 10-item Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale","headline":"Detection of postnatal depression. Development of the 10-item Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/detection-of-postnatal-depression-development-of-the-10-item-edinburgh-postnatal-reclty441jcsungvh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joan Holden","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8145-0980","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Edinburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J L Cox","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Edinburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Sagovsky","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Edinburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90"}}],"datePublished":"1987-06-01","abstract":"The development of a 10-item self-report scale (EPDS) to screen for Postnatal Depression in the community is described. After extensive pilot interviews a validation study was carried out on 84 mothers using the Research Diagnostic Criteria for depressive illness obtained from Goldberg's Standardised Psychiatric Interview. The EPDS was found to have satisfactory sensitivity and specificity, and was also sensitive to change in the severity of depression over time. The scale can be completed in about 5 minutes and has a simple method of scoring. The use of the EPDS in the secondary prevention of Postnatal Depression is discussed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"150","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The British Journal of Psychiatry : the Journal of Mental Science"}}},"pageStart":"782","pageEnd":"786","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.150.6.782","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34186484"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1192/bjp.150.6.782"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3651732"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34186484"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/conditioning-exercise-and-premenstrual-symptoms-reclb4pg8lwcam5xn/","name":"Conditioning exercise and premenstrual symptoms","headline":"Conditioning exercise and premenstrual symptoms","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/conditioning-exercise-and-premenstrual-symptoms-reclb4pg8lwcam5xn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y M Vigna","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8840-192X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"1987-06-01","abstract":"Exercise is commonly listed as a remedy for the premenstrual syndrome (PMS), although no study has proven that it is an effective therapy. Numerous reports have suggested that exercise is associated with improved mood and symptoms. In those reports, however, the diagnosis of PMS was not clearly documented, nor was the exercise carefully controlled. Preliminary evidence suggests that exercise training in ovulatory, sedentary women and intensified training in women athletes decrease mild premenstrual symptoms. Although conditioning exercise is associated with short luteal phase and anovulatory cycles, decreases in mild premenstrual symptoms occur prior to menstrual cycle changes. Controlled studies of PMS and exercise training may not only document an effective, nonpharmacologic therapy for PMS but also clarify the hormonal etiology of this complex biobehavioral phenomenon.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"423","pageEnd":"428","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteal-phase-dysfunction-in-endometriosis-elevated-progesterone-levels-in-periph-rec8lyd23lcqxtsla/","name":"Luteal phase dysfunction in endometriosis: elevated progesterone levels in peripheral and ovarian veins during the follicular phase","headline":"Luteal phase dysfunction in endometriosis: elevated progesterone levels in peripheral and ovarian veins during the follicular phase","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteal-phase-dysfunction-in-endometriosis-elevated-progesterone-levels-in-periph-rec8lyd23lcqxtsla/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Debra Birenbaum","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Michigan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K.M. Jiaram Menon","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Michigan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J W Ayers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Michigan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291"}}],"datePublished":"1987-06-01","abstract":"Endometriosis has been associated with corpus luteum inadequacy and abnormalities of luteal phase progesterone (P) secretion. In this study, abnormal luteolysis, as a second factor of luteal dysfunction, was assessed in 13 women with endometriosis and 25 control patients by measurement of ovarian vein estradiol (E2) and P during the follicular phase. The results reveal that women with endometriosis have (1) significantly lower ovarian vein E2, (2) significantly higher both peripheral and ovarian vein P, and (3) threefold higher P/E2 ratios than controls during the follicular phase. These data support the concept of continued P production from an active corpus luteum well into the follicular phase of the following cycle in women with endometriosis. Failure of adequate luteolysis is a second aspect of luteal dysfunction in endometriosis and strongly supports the growing body of data confirming ovulatory asynchrony in the minimal; endometriosis infertility syndrome.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"47","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"925","pageEnd":"929","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)59224-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69057353"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)59224-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3595900"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69057353"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/bioavailability-of-progesterone-with-different-modes-of-administration-recoqr2aclptwszu6/","name":"Bioavailability of progesterone with different modes of administration","headline":"Bioavailability of progesterone with different modes of administration","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/bioavailability-of-progesterone-with-different-modes-of-administration-recoqr2aclptwszu6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Chakmakjian ZH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zachariah NY"}],"datePublished":"1987-06-01","abstract":"The bioavailability of micronized progesterone (P) was studied by measuring sequential serum P concentrations after a single bolus of 50-200 mg P given sublingually, orally (capsule and tablet), vaginally and rectally (suppositories) during the follicular phase in a group of normally menstruating women. When compared to other modes of P administration, the area under the curve during the first eight hours was twice as high with the rectal route. With 50 and 100 mg P given sublingually and 100 and 200 mg ingested as tablets, peak levels and area under the curve were twice as high with the higher dosage. The response was more sustained with the higher dosage. All subjects exhibited a significant increase in serum P levels over baseline that persisted for at least eight hours. P levels were still increased over baseline at 24 hours in all subjects after the administration of 100-mg vaginal and rectal suppositories and 200-mg tablets. These findings are in general agreement with previous reports showing that luteal phase serum P concentrations can be reached easily with non-parenteral modes of administering micronized P and that oral P administration could become an attractive alternative to the currently used oral mode of administering synthetic progestins.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"443","pageEnd":"448","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-indicators-of-ovulation-recevf2c9c0glqsex/","name":"Natural family planning indicators of ovulation","headline":"Natural family planning indicators of ovulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-indicators-of-ovulation-recevf2c9c0glqsex/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Barbara A. Gross","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Westmead Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04gp5yv64"}}],"datePublished":"1987-06-01","abstract":"Indirect evidence of the occurrence of ovulation, which is generally accepted, is an increase in plasma or serum progesterone. Pelvic ultrasonography can estimate the probable time of ovulation within 12 h. There is a close association between the rise in progesterone, luteinizing hormone (LH) and oestrogen peaks and ovulation. A WHO study reported that ovulation occurred at a median time of 8 h after the rise in plasma progesterone, 15 h after the LH peak and 24 h after the oestrogen peak. The basal body temperature (BBT) method is the most effective in determining the premenstrual infertile period, but it is unreliable for an accurate determination of ovulation and the postmenstrual infertile period. Nor is BBT an effective method of predicting ovulation during postpartum lactational amenorrhoea. Therefore, BBT is usually used as a secondary indicator of ovulation and is combined with more reliable indicators. Observed changes in cervical mucus patterns can be used to define the probable fertile period, although this method produces a wide range of days. The peak mucus symptom is closely correlated with ovulation. Mucus symptoms can be used as a guide for the timing of blood or urine samples for estimation of LH, oestrogen and progesterone or their metabolites. Symptothermal methods incorporate other symptoms such as cervical changes, intermenstrual pain, breast tenderness and backaches, but these are secondary signs of ovulation and are recommended to be used in conjunction with mucus and BBT.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical Reproduction and Fertility"}}},"pageStart":"91","pageEnd":"117","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/beta-endorphin-infusion-restores-acute-insulin-responses-to-glucose-in-type-2-di-rect96lit8vve24dn/","name":"Beta-endorphin infusion restores acute insulin responses to glucose in type-2 diabetes mellitus","headline":"Beta-endorphin infusion restores acute insulin responses to glucose in type-2 diabetes mellitus","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/beta-endorphin-infusion-restores-acute-insulin-responses-to-glucose-in-type-2-di-rect96lit8vve24dn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"D Giugliano","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9377-873X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Naples Federico II","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05290cv24"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Ceriello","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8122-3203","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04tfzc498"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Salvatore","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6532-7122","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Liège","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00afp2z80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Paolisso","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2137-455X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Liège","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00afp2z80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F D'Onofrio","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4774-4838","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Naples Federico II","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05290cv24"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F. D’ONOFRIO"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pierre Lefèbvre","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8513-5489","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Liège","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00afp2z80"}}],"datePublished":"1987-05-01","abstract":"To address the possibility that an abnormality in pancreatic beta-endorphin activity might contribute to abnormal insulin secretion in diabetes mellitus, we studied the effects of beta-endorphin infusion on islet function in diabetic patients. The iv infusion of human beta-endorphin at a dose of 0.5 mg/h for 2 h in type-2 non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients (n = 12) raised plasma insulin and glucagon levels and slightly but significantly lowered plasma glucose concentrations. beta-Endorphin infusion also resulted in reappearance of a clear-cut acute insulin response to glucose, while second phase insulin release was increased and glucose disposal accelerated. Acute insulin and glucagon responses to arginine were not increased by beta-endorphin, suggesting that the effect of the opioid on the B cells of the diabetic patients is specific for glucose. An intraislet abnormality of opioid peptides action and/or secretion may play a role in the disturbances of insulin secretion in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"64","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"944","pageEnd":"948","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-64-5-944","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58829644"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jcem-64-5-944"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2951394"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q58829644"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-prospective-multicenter-trial-of-the-ovulation-method-of-natural-family-planni-rec5jlroexgrdluye/","name":"A prospective multicenter trial of the ovulation method of natural family planning. V. Psychosexual aspects. World Health Organization","headline":"A prospective multicenter trial of the ovulation method of natural family planning. V. Psychosexual aspects. World Health Organization","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-prospective-multicenter-trial-of-the-ovulation-method-of-natural-family-planni-rec5jlroexgrdluye/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"World Health Organization"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1987-05-01","abstract":"During the 13-cycle effectiveness phase of a five-center study of the ovulation method of natural family planning, there were substantial differences, particularly between the two developed and the three developing countries, in the stated degree of satisfaction with the frequency of intercourse (most couples were satisfied in Bangalore, Manila, and San Miguel, whereas one-third of the subjects and half of their partners would have preferred more frequent intercourse in Auckland and Dublin) and in expressed difficulties associated with abstinence (e.g., 62% had occasional difficulty in Auckland, 14% in Bangalore, 55% in Dublin, 28% in Manila, and 5% in San Miguel). Cumulative net probabilities of discontinuation due to pregnancy were 1.8%, 18.6%, and 54.7% for couples in whom the male partner's degree of satisfaction was described as \"no difficulty,\" \"occasional difficulty,\" and \"always some difficulty,\" respectively.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"47","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"765","pageEnd":"772","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68950454","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3552752"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68950454"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-therapy-to-decrease-first-trimester-spontaneous-abortions-in-previo-rec5rwilktosfrcrs/","name":"Progesterone therapy to decrease first-trimester spontaneous abortions in previous aborters","headline":"Progesterone therapy to decrease first-trimester spontaneous abortions in previous aborters","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-therapy-to-decrease-first-trimester-spontaneous-abortions-in-previo-rec5rwilktosfrcrs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Chase JS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nowroozi K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Adelson HG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J H Check","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cooper University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/049wjac82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C H Wu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9820-2000","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107."}}],"datePublished":"1987-05-01","abstract":"A study was designed to see if the use of prophylactic progesterone vaginal suppositories (PVS) reduced the risk of spontaneous abortions in women with a history of at least one spontaneous abortion. PVS was employed during the luteal phase to the end of the first trimester. The dosage was initially 50 mg/day, but was increased according to the endometrial biopsy and doubled as soon as pregnancy was established. Only 10 women (10%) aborted, and 8 of these 10 were successful in their next PVS-treated pregnancies. Overall there were 12 losses in 132 pregnancies (9%) in these PVS-treated patients. Forty-two percent of untreated controls aborted (10/24). The results suggest that PVS is effective in reducing the risk of spontaneous abortions in high-risk patients.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Fertility"}}},"pageStart":"192","pageEnd":"199","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/physical-exercise-and-the-neuroendocrine-control-of-reproduction-rec6rxpay46dn3lpz/","name":"Physical exercise and the neuroendocrine control of reproduction","headline":"Physical exercise and the neuroendocrine control of reproduction","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/physical-exercise-and-the-neuroendocrine-control-of-reproduction-rec6rxpay46dn3lpz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"1987-05-01","abstract":"Reproductive change during conditioning exercise (physical training provides a model of hypothalamic adaptation to alterations in the external and internal environment. Parallels exist between the reproductive changes with exercise and those occurring with physical illness, undernutrition and psychological trauma. Although menstrual cyclicity may be disrupted in younger women, luteal phase shortening, anovulation and decreased premenstrual symptoms within normal ovulatory cycles are the most frequent observations noted. Baseline LH, prolactin and oestradiol tend to be lower, and other hormones unchanged, in trained women. Testosterone may be decreased within the normal range in men. Recent evidence shows that LH pulse frequency, amplitude and area under the LH curve are decreased in both female and male runners. Interrelationships between increases in central dopamine, endorphin and probably some hypothalamic message(s) relating to nutritional state appear to modulate these reproductive changes. The clinical and therapeutic response to reproductive alterations in the context of exercise differs when these are seen as adaptive and not as disease processes (Prior and Vigna, 1985b).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Bailliere's Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"299","pageEnd":"317","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0950-351x(87)80065-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39466913"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0950-351x(87)80065-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2894827"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39466913"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/premenstrual-fall-of-plasma-beta-endorphin-in-patients-with-premenstrual-syndrom-reczsiyvibgguymlb/","name":"Premenstrual fall of plasma beta-endorphin in patients with premenstrual syndrome","headline":"Premenstrual fall of plasma beta-endorphin in patients with premenstrual syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/premenstrual-fall-of-plasma-beta-endorphin-in-patients-with-premenstrual-syndrom-reczsiyvibgguymlb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Fabio Facchinetti","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4694-9564","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Felice Petraglia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8851-625X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Siena","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01tevnk56"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Maria Grazia Sanees","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Nappi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4274-5281","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A R Genazzani","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pisa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Martignoni","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M G Sances"}],"datePublished":"1987-04-01","abstract":"Plasma beta-endorphin (beta-EP), beta-lipotropin (beta-LPH), and cortisol concentrations were measured by perimenstrual period in 11 patients affected by premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and in 8 asymptomatic healthy volunteers. Blood samples were collected every 2 to 3 days, for 1 month, starting from midcycle. The Menstrual Distress Questionnaire (MDQ) was administered during the testing period. Plasma beta-LPH and cortisol levels remain stable during the perimenstrual period, in both controls and PMS patients. On the contrary, PMS patients showed a decrease of plasma beta-EP in the week preceding menses and during the first days of menstrual flow. Beta-EP values of PMS patients regain normal levels during the next follicular phase. No changes of beta-EP levels were recorded in asymptomatic women. MDQ scores revealed that PMS patients complained of water retention, pain discomfort, and mood swings. The transient and reversible decrease of plasma beta-EP in PMS patients near to and at menses remains to be clarified.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"47","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"570","pageEnd":"573","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)59104-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70027873"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)59104-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2952525"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70027873"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/outcome-of-pregnancy-following-investigation-and-treatment-of-infertility-reci9svlrxz8uij4z/","name":"Outcome of pregnancy following investigation and treatment of infertility","headline":"Outcome of pregnancy following investigation and treatment of infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/outcome-of-pregnancy-following-investigation-and-treatment-of-infertility-reci9svlrxz8uij4z/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"T R Varma","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. George's Hospital and Medical School, London, England."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R H Patel"}],"datePublished":"1987-04-01","abstract":"We studied 500 women who conceived after investigation and treatment for different infertility problems and compared the outcome of the 5 infertility groups (Group 1 to 5), the ovulatory dysfunction (Group 1), male infertility (Group 2), A.I.D. (Group 3), tubal surgery and IVF (Group 4) and no treatment (Group 5) with the outcome in the hospital group during a period of 3 years. The incidence of abortion in Group 3 is significantly higher (13.8%), the incidence of ectopic pregnancy is significantly higher in Group 4 (21.7%) as compared with the incidence in the hospital group (P less than 0.01). The rate of pre-existing hypertension and gestational diabetes is significantly higher in all the 5 infertility groups as compared with the incidence in the hospital group (P less than 0.05). The incidence of preterm labor in general is less in the infertility group as compared with the incidence in the hospital group (P greater than 0.05). The incidence of older women, multiple pregnancy, induction of labor, operative deliveries, fetal distress, low Apgar score, babies with birth weight below the tenth centile were higher in the infertility groups (P less than 0.05). But the perinatal mortality or major or minor fetal anomalies were not significantly different in the infertility groups as compared with the rate in the hospital groups (P greater than 0.05).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"25","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: the Official Organ of the  International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics"}}},"pageStart":"113","pageEnd":"120","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7292(87)90004-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43573207"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0020-7292(87)90004-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2884135"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43573207"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/technology-and-motherhood-reproductive-choice-reconsidered-rec9cfjwcebp8alc8/","name":"Technology and motherhood: reproductive choice reconsidered","headline":"Technology and motherhood: reproductive choice reconsidered","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/technology-and-motherhood-reproductive-choice-reconsidered-rec9cfjwcebp8alc8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Robyn Rowland","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7854-476X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Queensland"}}],"datePublished":"1987-04-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Signs"}}},"pageStart":"512","pageEnd":"528","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1086/494342","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47398067"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1086/494342"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11658924"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47398067"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/characteristics-and-incidence-of-dysfunctional-ovulation-patterns-detected-by-ul-recoymf7mqmen7rak/","name":"Characteristics and incidence of dysfunctional ovulation patterns detected by ultrasound","headline":"Characteristics and incidence of dysfunctional ovulation patterns detected by ultrasound","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/characteristics-and-incidence-of-dysfunctional-ovulation-patterns-detected-by-ul-recoymf7mqmen7rak/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert Newton","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1160-171X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of York","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04m01e293"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M F Docker","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Birmingham Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00xe5zs60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M K Eissa","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Birmingham Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00xe5zs60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S S Lynch","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Birmingham Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00xe5zs60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R S Sawers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Birmingham Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00xe5zs60"}}],"datePublished":"1987-04-01","abstract":"The nature and incidence of normal and abnormal spontaneous ovarian cycles, identified with ultrasound and endocrine tracking, were examined in 45 regularly cycling infertile women with no definitive cause and 15 women who were apparently normal and were receiving donor insemination because of clearly infertile partners. In 136 cycles, four apparently distinct abnormal patterns were detected. The total incidence in the infertile group was 58% compared with 23% in the donor insemination group (P less than 0.005). Twelve of 26 subjects who had at least three cycles tracked showed two different abnormalities, and 1 subject had three different abnormalities in five abnormal cycles. These results suggest that abnormal cycles are a significant factor in unexplained infertility and that diagnosis and treatment cannot be based on the study of a single cycle.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"47","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"603","pageEnd":"612","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)59110-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50802203"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)59110-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3106099"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50802203"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-luteinized-unruptured-follicle-syndrome-anovulation-in-disguise-reca45bf9lc6zfsoc/","name":"The luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome: anovulation in disguise","headline":"The luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome: anovulation in disguise","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-luteinized-unruptured-follicle-syndrome-anovulation-in-disguise-reca45bf9lc6zfsoc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"G Lemaire","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tennessee at Chattanooga","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00nqb1v70"}}],"datePublished":"1987-03-01","abstract":"The luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome is a form of anovulation and a subtle cause of female infertility. The syndrome cannot be diagnosed by traditional progesterone-dependent ovulation detection methods. Without the use of invasive procedures or sophisticated equipment, the luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome may go unnoticed. The patient diagnosed as ovulatory, on the basis of traditional ovulation detection methods, who does not conceive may be experiencing the luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome, and thus infertility. The syndrome's incidence, detection, etiology, and treatment are described.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Neonatal Nursing : JOGNN"}}},"pageStart":"116","pageEnd":"120","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.1987.tb01446.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70028405"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1552-6909.1987.tb01446.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2952775"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70028405"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/conditioning-exercise-decreases-premenstrual-symptoms-a-prospective-controlled-6-rec0vpy49auadkczx/","name":"Conditioning exercise decreases premenstrual symptoms: a prospective, controlled 6-month trial","headline":"Conditioning exercise decreases premenstrual symptoms: a prospective, controlled 6-month trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/conditioning-exercise-decreases-premenstrual-symptoms-a-prospective-controlled-6-rec0vpy49auadkczx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Alojado","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Schulzer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Sciarretta","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y M Vigna","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8840-192X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"1987-03-01","abstract":"Six months of exercise training was associated with decreased premenstrual symptoms in two groups of women. There was no change in symptoms in nontraining women. Eight sedentary (ST) women increased running from 0 to 76 +/- 26 km/cycle (mean +/- standard deviation) over 6 months and seven runners (MT) trained for a marathon (42.2 km). Six normally active, nontraining (C-NT) women kept their activity constant. Each subject completed monthly intensity-graded questionnaires or kept daily symptoms diaries concerning premenstrual symptoms. All monitored basal body temperature, weight, and exercise. Gonadal steroids were measured in ST women. For ST subjects, breast (P = 0.005), fluid (P = 0.01), and personal stress (P = 0.025) decreased. MT women experienced decreased fluid (P = 0.034) and depression (P = 0.014). Anxiety tended to decrease (P = 0.087). ST and MT subjects experienced decreases in premenstrual symptoms without documented hormonal, menstrual cycle, or weight changes. These symptom changes appear to be the earliest evidence of the effects of conditioning exercise on the reproductive system.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"47","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"402","pageEnd":"408","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)59045-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68943551"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)59045-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3549364"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68943551"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-efficacy-of-progesterone-in-achieving-successful-pregnancy-ii-in-women-with--rec17bbvhmxraudio/","name":"The efficacy of progesterone in achieving successful pregnancy: II. In women with pure luteal phase defects","headline":"The efficacy of progesterone in achieving successful pregnancy: II. In women with pure luteal phase defects","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-efficacy-of-progesterone-in-achieving-successful-pregnancy-ii-in-women-with--rec17bbvhmxraudio/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Adelson HG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J H Check","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cooper University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/049wjac82"}}],"datePublished":"1987-03-01","abstract":"Controversy still exists as to the proper therapy of luteal phase defects. Some advocate using drugs to improve follicular dynamics, e.g., clomiphene citrate, while others treat luteal phase defects with progesterone. The possibility exists that in some cases the luteal phase defect is secondary to failure to produce a mature follicle, the better drug then being an ovulation-inducing drug, e.g., clomiphene. However, if the follicle is mature, then progesterone may be the best treatment. We defined mature follicle as one between 18 and 24 mm while the serum estradiol (E2) level is over 200 pg/mL. The efficacy of exclusive P therapy was evaluated in 50 women, all with a minimum of 1 1/2 years infertility and with no obvious fertility problems other than luteal phase defect. Seventy percent of the women conceived within 6 months. The abortion rate was 14.7%. The average period of infertility was 2.8 years in the 35 patients who conceived within 6 months. These data suggest that determining the degree of follicular maturation by serum E2 and pelvic sonography plus excluding the luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome by pelvic sonography helps determine the proper therapy for luteal phase defect.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Fertility"}}},"pageStart":"139","pageEnd":"141","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cervical-incompetence-a-review-reckzr8ewdiwcfu25/","name":"Cervical incompetence. A review","headline":"Cervical incompetence. A review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cervical-incompetence-a-review-reckzr8ewdiwcfu25/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ansari AH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Reynolds RA"}],"datePublished":"1987-03-01","abstract":"Cervical incompetence is one of the main contributors to repeated pregnancy loss, accounting for approximately 25% of the cases. Typically it results in progressive cervical dilatation, leading to a painless second- or early-third-trimester abortion. In most instances cervical incompetence is the result of previous obstetric or gynecologic trauma; a congenital etiology is unusual. Despite the various reported diagnostic procedures, the obstetric history and frequent visual and digital examinations during pregnancy remain the most important factors in arriving at the correct diagnosis. In spite of the fact that numerous procedures have been advocated as treatment, the McDonald purse string closure technique is by far the most simple and effective corrective surgical technique, yielding an overwhelming number of successful pregnancies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"161","pageEnd":"171","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-efficacy-of-progesterone-in-achieving-successful-pregnancy-i-prophylactic-us-recr7fxl6fwrc8p5k/","name":"The efficacy of progesterone in achieving successful pregnancy: I. Prophylactic use during luteal phase in anovulatory women","headline":"The efficacy of progesterone in achieving successful pregnancy: I. Prophylactic use during luteal phase in anovulatory women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-efficacy-of-progesterone-in-achieving-successful-pregnancy-i-prophylactic-us-recr7fxl6fwrc8p5k/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Chase JS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Adelson HG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J H Check","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cooper University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/049wjac82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Rankin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Thomas Jefferson University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ysqcn41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Teichman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Thomas Jefferson University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ysqcn41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C H Wu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9820-2000","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107."}}],"datePublished":"1987-03-01","abstract":"We have previously shown that prophylactic supplementation of progesterone beginning in the luteal phase of patients treated with human menopausal gonadotropins (hMG) could reduce the risk of spontaneous abortions. The present study was initiated with 100 patients to evaluate the efficacy of a new progesterone therapeutic regime in patients requiring either hMG or clomiphene citrate. A significantly decreased risk of spontaneous abortion (6% vs. 28%) was seen in 50 patients prophylactically treated with progesterone as compared with 50 control patients. The progesterone regimen was then tried on 566 consecutive patients who were treated and conceived with hMG or clomiphene citrate, and approximately the same risk (6.2% by 20 weeks) was found. This incidence of spontaneous abortion is even less than the accepted risk for the general population.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Fertility"}}},"pageStart":"135","pageEnd":"138","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reduction-of-hyperinsulinemia-and-insulin-resistance-by-opiate-receptor-blockade-recz7rhuls4dzodi3/","name":"Reduction of hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance by opiate receptor blockade in the polycystic ovary syndrome with acanthosis nigricans","headline":"Reduction of hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance by opiate receptor blockade in the polycystic ovary syndrome with acanthosis nigricans","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reduction-of-hyperinsulinemia-and-insulin-resistance-by-opiate-receptor-blockade-recz7rhuls4dzodi3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J B Bittle","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tennessee Health Science Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0011qv509"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J R Givens","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tennessee Health Science Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0011qv509"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J F Howes","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tennessee Health Science Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0011qv509"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J G Karas","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tennessee Health Science Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0011qv509"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A E Kitabchi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tennessee Health Science Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0011qv509"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B R Kurtz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tennessee Health Science Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0011qv509"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J A Mitchell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tennessee Health Science Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0011qv509"}}],"datePublished":"1987-02-01","abstract":"We previously reported that circulating beta-endorphin levels are increased in obese hirsute women and that plasma immunoreactive insulin (IRI) levels are increased in proportion to the degree of hyperandrogenism in women with the polycystic ovary (PCO) syndrome. We, therefore, tested the hypothesis that endogenous opiates are at least partially responsible for the hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance in this syndrome. In the first study, acute naloxone administration significantly reduced the plasma IRI response and IRI/glucose ratio in three euglycemic obese women with PCO and acanthosis nigricans (AN) and marked insulin resistance, but did not alter the glucose response. Naloxone had no effect on these parameters in the normal weight control subjects. In the second study, nalmefene, a new, orally active opiate antagonist, reduced IRI and the IRI/glucose ratio in four women with PCO-AN and marked hyperinsulinemia in a randomized, double blind, crossover protocol. We conclude that endogenous opiates are at least partially responsible for the hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance in PCO-AN.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"64","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"377","pageEnd":"382","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-64-2-377","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41452391"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jcem-64-2-377"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3539980"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41452391"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/c-reactive-protein-a-limited-test-for-managing-patients-with-preterm-labor-or-pr-recsdedbqxc9olvap/","name":"C-reactive protein: a limited test for managing patients with preterm labor or preterm rupture of membranes?","headline":"C-reactive protein: a limited test for managing patients with preterm labor or preterm rupture of membranes?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/c-reactive-protein-a-limited-test-for-managing-patients-with-preterm-labor-or-pr-recsdedbqxc9olvap/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J M Ernest"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S M Block","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wake Forest University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0207ad724"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C G Hatjis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04v8djg66"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paul J Meis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04v8djg66"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L H Nelson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wake Forest University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0207ad724"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Swain","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2404-8186","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04v8djg66"}}],"datePublished":"1987-02-01","abstract":"C-reactive protein has been used to identify patients at high risk for infectious morbidity with preterm labor or preterm rupture of membranes. In this article we report on 104 patients with preterm labor symptoms (n = 45) or preterm rupture of the membranes (n = 59) and serial evaluations of C-reactive protein measured by latex agglutination and laser nephelometry. The simple, inexpensive latex method appears comparable to the laser method in predicting infectious morbidity and can be used clinically. Elevated C-reactive protein values before delivery predict infectious morbidity in only 8% to 29% of patients, and up to 18% of patients with serious infections may be misdiagnosed as having normal C-reactive protein values before delivery.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"156","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"449","pageEnd":"454","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(87)90306-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36483974"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(87)90306-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3826184"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36483974"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/testosterone-related-exacerbation-of-a-prolactin-producing-macroadenoma-possible-recnm5ssfnxhnyurx/","name":"Testosterone-related exacerbation of a prolactin-producing macroadenoma: possible  role for estrogen","headline":"Testosterone-related exacerbation of a prolactin-producing macroadenoma: possible  role for estrogen","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/testosterone-related-exacerbation-of-a-prolactin-producing-macroadenoma-possible-recnm5ssfnxhnyurx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tracy-Ann Cox","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"BC Cancer Agency","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03sfybe47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Fairholm"},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Kostashuk","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Nugent","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2504-7887","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering"}}],"datePublished":"1987-02-01","abstract":"Men with PRL-producing macroadenomas often present with hypogonadism and impotence. This report documents exacerbation of a PRL-secreting tumor after two separate 200-mg testosterone enanthate (T) injections despite continued bromocriptine (BRC) therapy. A 37-yr-old man with a 60-mm invasive tumor and a serum PRL level of 13,969 +/- 332 ng/ml (mean +/- SD) responded to BRC therapy with rapid disappearance of visual field defect, headache, and facial pain as well as decrease in serum PRL to 5,103 +/- 1,446 ng/ml. T injection was followed by severe headache, facial pain, and increase in PRL to 13,471 ng/ml. Visual field deterioration and increased tumor size (height, 40-43 mm) by computed tomography were documented. A relationship between T injection and exacerbation of the prolactinoma was not recognized until after a second T injection 3 months later. After that therapy, baseline PRL increased from 6,900 to 12,995 ng/ml. The hypothesis that T was aromatized to estradiol, directly stimulating lactotrophs, was supported by an increase in serum estradiol from 24 to 51 pg/ml after the second T injection. Although T treatment is accepted as appropriate therapy for hypogonadism in men with prolactinomas, it may not only interfere with the response of the tumor to BRC therapy, but even stimulate tumor growth and secretion.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"64","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"391","pageEnd":"394","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-64-2-391","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41477735"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jcem-64-2-391"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3793856"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41477735"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-distribution-of-endometriosis-in-the-pelvis-by-age-groups-and-fertility-recvs67aq9cgbgu4r/","name":"The distribution of endometriosis in the pelvis by age groups and fertility","headline":"The distribution of endometriosis in the pelvis by age groups and fertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-distribution-of-endometriosis-in-the-pelvis-by-age-groups-and-fertility-recvs67aq9cgbgu4r/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"David B Redwine","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Charles Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02stwhg86"}}],"datePublished":"1987-01-01","abstract":"In this series of patients, endometriosis does not involve more pelvic areas in older age groups. Exposure to pregnancy is associated with slightly less pelvic involvement, although this effect is inconstant when age groups are studied individually.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"47","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"173","pageEnd":"175","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)49956-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69690798"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)49956-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3792572"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69690798"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/can-nfp-be-taught-in-two-short-easy-lessons-simplified-nfp-for-isolated-andor-bu-recay0mwnqjg06f2c/","name":"Can NFP be taught in two short, easy lessons? Simplified NFP for isolated and/or  busy couples","headline":"Can NFP be taught in two short, easy lessons? Simplified NFP for isolated and/or  busy couples","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/can-nfp-be-taught-in-two-short-easy-lessons-simplified-nfp-for-isolated-andor-bu-recay0mwnqjg06f2c/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Madigan FC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sealza LP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tabor MD"}],"datePublished":"1987-01-01","abstract":"Researchers used life table rates from study and comparison groups from rural and urban areas of Cagayan de Oro City, the Philippines to test a simplified method of teaching natural family planning (NFP) defined by calendar, mucus, and cervix indicators. This method included a 6 page booklet, 2 30-minute training sessions, and a question and answer period. Fear of side effects from other contraceptive methods was the leading reason for using NFP (79.4% urban, 85.8% rural). Religious motivation and fear of side effects followed for urban couples, but the percentage was low (14.6%). In rural areas, religious motivation place 3rd (4.1%) preceded by other reasons (6.9%). User error resulted in low accidental pregnancy rates (.8%). Method failure was responsible for higher failure rates than user error, but they were still relatively low (3.4% total). In rural areas, the reason for failure was unclear in 2.6% of couples, but it was only .9% among urban couples. Rural couples who used NFP to space births (spacers) had 2 times the failure rate of those rural couples who used NFP to limit births (limiters) [69% vs. 31%]. Urban spacers had a higher failure rate than urban limiters, but the difference was smaller than it was for rural couples (54.8% vs. 45.2%). Lactation did not have a clear effect on failure rates. For example, in urban areas, partially lactating women had a lower failure rate than nonlactating women (41.9% vs. 58.1%), but in rural areas, lactation had the opposite effect (63.6% for lactating women and 36.4% for nonlactating women). Risk taking resulted in more 6 month pregnancy rates among urban couples than rural couples (12.3% vs. 8.2%). At the end of 6 months, 67.5% of all couples still used the new simplified NFP method (70.3% rural vs. 64.7% urban). Therefore the new simplified NFP method was an effective method for spacing or limiting births.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1-4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Philippine Population Journal"}}},"pageStart":"51","pageEnd":"61","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evidence-for-a-possible-cytosol-estrogen-receptor-deficiency-in-endocervical-gla-reckotmqtunxgd8fp/","name":"Evidence for a possible cytosol estrogen receptor deficiency in endocervical glands of infertile women with poor cervical mucus","headline":"Evidence for a possible cytosol estrogen receptor deficiency in endocervical glands of infertile women with poor cervical mucus","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evidence-for-a-possible-cytosol-estrogen-receptor-deficiency-in-endocervical-gla-reckotmqtunxgd8fp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M I Abuzeid","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6555-8337","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of South Alabama","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01s7b5y08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Richard Wiebe","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4316-0314","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of South Alabama","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01s7b5y08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Janet E. Shepherd","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of South Alabama","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01s7b5y08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Aksel","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of South Alabama","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01s7b5y08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R R Yeoman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of South Alabama","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01s7b5y08"}}],"datePublished":"1987-01-01","abstract":"Endocervical gland estrogen receptor (ER) deficiency has been proposed as a possible cause for the poor cervical mucus (CM) in some infertile women with cervical factor. Cytosol ERs were measured in endocervical tissue obtained by biopsy within 3 days of ovulation (determined by the endogenous luteinizing hormone [LH] surge) in five infertile women with persistent poor preovulatory CM (group 1) and in endocervical tissue obtained in the late follicular phase in eight ovulatory women with excellent CM (group 2). ER concentrations were measured in Fmol/mg protein by the dextran-coated charcoal separation method (New England Nuclear Kit, Boston, MA). CM score evaluation and measurement of serum estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P) levels were performed concomitantly. Serum E2 levels of 123.4 +/- 29.3 pg/ml (mean +/- standard error of the mean [SEM]) in group 1 were comparable to E2 levels of 123.3 +/- 15.0 pg/ml in group 2. Serum P concentrations of 0.9 +/- 0.27 ng/ml in group 1 were comparable to 0.79 +/- 0.29 in group 2. A CM score of 4.6 +/- 0.69 in group 1 was significantly lower than 11.6 +/- 0.53 in group 2 (P less than 0.01). The cytosol ER was negative in four of five women in group 1, whereas in group 2, ER was positive in six, borderline in one, and negative in one subject. This study suggests that cytosol ER may be deficient in some women with cervical factor.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"47","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"101","pageEnd":"107","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)49943-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69690765"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)49943-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3792563"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69690765"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lipid-vehicles-for-intestinal-lymphatic-drug-absorption-rechwysrtii5ozhaa/","name":"Lipid vehicles for intestinal lymphatic drug absorption","headline":"Lipid vehicles for intestinal lymphatic drug absorption","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lipid-vehicles-for-intestinal-lymphatic-drug-absorption-rechwysrtii5ozhaa/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"K J Palin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham , Nottingham NG7 2RD,"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S S Davis","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9848-006X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham , Nottingham NG7 2RD,"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Cheema","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9415-4291","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham , Nottingham NG7 2RD,"}}],"datePublished":"1987-01-01","abstract":"The lipoprotein fractions in mesenteric lymph were monitored following intraduodenal administration of arachis oil and oleic, linoleic and linolenic fatty acids to rats. An increase in the chylomicron fraction, but not the VLDL or LDL fraction, was observed with each lipid. The greater the degree of unsaturation of the fatty acid, the more rapid the onset of chylomicron synthesis. The administration of linoleic acid and arachis oil produced the highest concentration of chylomicrons in the lymph. These results reflect differences in the rate of absorption and biochemical metabolism of the lipids and have implications for the selection of vehicles for the delivery of drugs by the lymphatic route.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"39","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology"}}},"pageStart":"55","pageEnd":"56","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7158.1987.tb07164.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69894554"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.2042-7158.1987.tb07164.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2880987"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69894554"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/impact-of-the-nfpp-educational-program-on-interns-and-their-families-rec4068fvqajqreci/","name":"Impact of the NFPP Educational Program on Interns and their Families","headline":"Impact of the NFPP Educational Program on Interns and their Families","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/impact-of-the-nfpp-educational-program-on-interns-and-their-families-rec4068fvqajqreci/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"LaBarber SA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"LaBarber LP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1987-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/basic-laser-physics-and-interactions-of-laser-light-with-soft-tissue-recqihtbmts62j42a/","name":"Basic Laser Physics and Interactions of Laser Light with Soft Tissue","headline":"Basic Laser Physics and Interactions of Laser Light with Soft Tissue","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/basic-laser-physics-and-interactions-of-laser-light-with-soft-tissue-recqihtbmts62j42a/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Fisher JC"}],"datePublished":"1987-01-01","abstract":"In the past 32 years, lasers have progressed from interesting curiosities to important instruments in medicine and surgery, with a wide variety of wavelengths and medical-surgical applications. Today's physician is faced with a bewildering array of laser types, each touted by its manufacturer as the ultimate surgical tool. This article sets forth in simple, understandable prose, the basic principles of the interaction of laser light with living tissue, so that the physician can decide which type of laser is best suited to a given application, without relying on the manufacturer's sales literature. The topics discussed are the nature of light; reflection, absorption, scattering, and attenuation in living tissue; physical processes by which laser light destroys tissue; relative importance of the three unique properties of laser light in surgery and therapy; temporal modes of lasers; means of delivering laser beams to their targets; and considerations in the selection of laser systems.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Clinical Laser Medicine & Surgery"}}},"pageStart":"419","pageEnd":"426","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003065753-1","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1201/9781003065753-1"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/double-blind-controlled-trial-of-progesterone-substitution-in-threatened-abortio-receiosmsvclka40n/","name":"Double-blind controlled trial of progesterone substitution in threatened abortion","headline":"Double-blind controlled trial of progesterone substitution in threatened abortion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/double-blind-controlled-trial-of-progesterone-substitution-in-threatened-abortio-receiosmsvclka40n/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Gerhard I"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gwinner B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eggert-Kruse W"},{"@type":"Person","name":"B. Runnebaum"}],"datePublished":"1987-01-01","abstract":"Between 1983 and 1984 a double-blind randomized study with progesterone substitution in threatened abortion was carried out. Fifty-six patients with vaginal bleeding during the first trimester of pregnancy, the internal cervical os being closed, were referred to the hospital. Twenty-five women (5th and 6th week of gestation) with positive serum concentrations of beta-hCG were admitted to the study without regard to sonogram results. In other 25 women (7th-10th week of pregnancy) and 6 women (greater than or equal to 11th week of pregnancy) fetal heart action and movement could be demonstrated by ultrasound. The patients were prescribed bed rest and vaginal suppositories twice daily, containing either 25 mg progesterone or only polyethylene glycol. The code was not broken until after completion of the study. Serial serum determinations of beta-hCG, estradiol-17 beta (E2), progesterone, and ultrasound were performed. Four patients had to be omitted from final analysis (two tubal pregnancies, one intrauterine infection, one sectio parva). Three of 26 patients progesterone (11%) and five of 26 patients with placebo (19%) had an abortion, which represented no significant difference. Frequency of abortion was increased in women more than 30 years old, in women with previous abortions and after ovulation induction. Progesterone treatment resulted in a significant elevation of serum progesterone concentrations (p less than 0.01), while beta-hCG and E2 were unchanged. The results of this study confirm that pregnancy outcome is favorable in women with bleeding and normal hormone concentrations without hormonal treatment and unfavorable in women with reduced beta-hCG and E2-concentrations.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1 1ST Half","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Biological Research in Pregnancy and Perinatology"}}},"pageStart":"26","pageEnd":"34","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/periodic-abstinence-in-the-philippines-new-findings-from-a-national-survey-rec4iw7catk9denb4/","name":"Periodic abstinence in the Philippines: new findings from a national survey","headline":"Periodic abstinence in the Philippines: new findings from a national survey","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/periodic-abstinence-in-the-philippines-new-findings-from-a-national-survey-rec4iw7catk9denb4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Laing JE"}],"datePublished":"1987-01-01","abstract":"This paper presents the main survey findings from a nationally representative sample of 607 users of periodic abstinence methods in the Philippines in 1984. The survey was conducted because of the widespread popularity of periodic abstinence in the Philippines and a lack of detailed knowledge about how the method is understood and practiced in the Philippines. Findings are presented on the prevalence of the different types of periodic abstinence methods, the nature of their use, knowledge about the various periodic abstinence methods, instruction received, perceived advantages and disadvantages, the husband's role, and the use-effectiveness of periodic abstinence both with and without backup methods. The implications of these findings for program management and for future research are also discussed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Studies in Family Planning"}}},"pageStart":"32","pageEnd":"41","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gonadotropin-releasing-hormone-role-of-pulsatile-secretion-in-the-regulation-of--recnhacodw1kge8gm/","name":"Gonadotropin-releasing hormone: role of pulsatile secretion in the regulation of reproduction","headline":"Gonadotropin-releasing hormone: role of pulsatile secretion in the regulation of reproduction","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gonadotropin-releasing-hormone-role-of-pulsatile-secretion-in-the-regulation-of--recnhacodw1kge8gm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jeffrey S. Flier","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8606-3640"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lisa H. Underhill"},{"@type":"Person","name":"John C. Marshall","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7902-6291","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Michigan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R P Kelch","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Michigan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J R Marshall","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8921-3253","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UCLA Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vq5kb54"}}],"datePublished":"1986-12-04","abstract":"Reproductive function in humans changes markedly during life and is usually divided into four stages. During the initial stage, which begins early in fetal life and ends in infancy, gonadotropins and gonadal steroids are secreted at levels similar to those seen in early and mid-adolescence. In the second stage, which lasts from infancy through the first decade of life, reproductive function first regresses and then becomes quiescent. Puberty, the third stage, is heralded by a nocturnal increase in the secretion of gonadotropins and sex steroids. This nocturnal predominance gradually diminishes and disappears during the fourth stage — adulthood. In men, . . .","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"315","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"23","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"1459","pageEnd":"1468","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM198612043152306","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39591986"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJM198612043152306"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3097540"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39591986"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/results-of-in-vivo-and-in-vitro-studies-for-assessing-prenatal-toxicity-recujpqix3bdjzicw/","name":"Results of in vivo and in vitro studies for assessing prenatal toxicity","headline":"Results of in vivo and in vitro studies for assessing prenatal toxicity","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/results-of-in-vivo-and-in-vitro-studies-for-assessing-prenatal-toxicity-recujpqix3bdjzicw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M Kastner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6787-0065"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hans‐Joachim Merker"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas Schulz"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ralf Stahlmann"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Blankenburg"},{"@type":"Person","name":"I Chahoud"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Franz"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Herken"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Klug"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joachim Kröger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4727-2957","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"RWTH Aachen University"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Krowke"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Lewandowski"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Neubert"}],"datePublished":"1986-12-01","abstract":"Examples of a combined approach using in vivo as well as in vitro methods for the assessment of prenatal toxicity are presented. The topics discussed include the analysis of the possible embryotoxic potential of valproic acid (VPA), female sex hormones, bis(tri-n-butyltin) oxide (TBTO), and acyclovir and the problem of supplementing in vitro systems with drug-metabolizing activity.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"70","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environmental Health Perspectives"}},"pageStart":"89","pageEnd":"103","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.867089","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34659158"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1289/ehp.867089"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3104025"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34659158"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ureteral-abnormalities-in-women-with-endometriosis-recrlrw6vtzmtapwm/","name":"Ureteral abnormalities in women with endometriosis","headline":"Ureteral abnormalities in women with endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ureteral-abnormalities-in-women-with-endometriosis-recrlrw6vtzmtapwm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J F Daniell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C M Herbert","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G A Hill","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A J Kaufman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W S Maxson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D E Pittaway","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04v8djg66"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A C Wentz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A C Winfield","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74"}}],"datePublished":"1986-12-01","abstract":"High-volume intravenous urography was performed in 63 women with surgically proven endometriosis. Subtle abnormalities were found in 15.9% of these women. No patient had urologic symptoms, and there was no evidence of hydroureter or ureteral obstruction on the IVP. Long-term follow-up study will be required to determine whether or not these lesions will progress and cause ureteral obstruction.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"46","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1159","pageEnd":"1161","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)49900-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q93558039"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)49900-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3781030"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q93558039"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/detection-of-preterm-labor-by-ambulatory-monitoring-of-uterine-activity-a-prelim-recjcwnshxypgpei4/","name":"Detection of preterm labor by ambulatory monitoring of uterine activity: a preliminary report","headline":"Detection of preterm labor by ambulatory monitoring of uterine activity: a preliminary report","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/detection-of-preterm-labor-by-ambulatory-monitoring-of-uterine-activity-a-prelim-recjcwnshxypgpei4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"P J Gill","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Katz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9817-4839","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R B Newman"}],"datePublished":"1986-12-01","abstract":"Effective tocolytic therapy depends on the ability to make an early diagnosis of preterm labor. This study was designed to assess whether daily ambulatory home monitoring of uterine activity could facilitate early diagnosis of preterm labor. Of 76 patients at high risk for preterm labor who used daily ambulatory tocodynamometry, approximately half developed preterm labor. Evaluation when the diagnosis of preterm labor was first established has shown that in 8% of the patients the cervix was dilated more than 2 cm, shortened to less than 0.5 cm in 23%, and the fetal membranes were intact in all subjects. The same evaluation in 76 nonrandom contemporary controls matched for risk factors, maternal age, and parity has shown that more than 50% had a cervix dilated more than 2 cm, 38% had a cervix shorter than 0.5 cm, and 24% had rupture of the fetal membranes. Ultimately, 88% of the monitored patients and 59% of controls delivered at term. Comparisons between these groups indicate that intermittent home tocodynamometry may indeed be useful in making the early diagnosis of preterm labor.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"68","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"773","pageEnd":"778","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/empty-follicle-syndrome-rec08sjd9k3u46giv/","name":"Empty follicle syndrome","headline":"Empty follicle syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/empty-follicle-syndrome-rec08sjd9k3u46giv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C B Coulam","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5920-791X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Houston Methodist","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027zt9171"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Bustillo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7478-8932","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Houston Methodist","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027zt9171"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J D Schulman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8560-3972","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Houston Methodist","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027zt9171"}}],"datePublished":"1986-12-01","abstract":"Four patients who had no oocytes retrieved during an IVF cycle were studied in an attempt to identify predictors of such an occurrence and suggestions for its cause. All 30 follicles aspirated in five cycles in these four women yielded no oocytes. One patient had two cycles that produced no eggs. The empty follicle syndrome may represent a new syndrome and a cause of infertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"46","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"1153","pageEnd":"1155","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)49898-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q93558035"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)49898-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3781029"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q93558035"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometrial-tissue-in-peritoneal-fluid-recgdwcfh4kzhwzzm/","name":"Endometrial tissue in peritoneal fluid","headline":"Endometrial tissue in peritoneal fluid","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometrial-tissue-in-peritoneal-fluid-recgdwcfh4kzhwzzm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"D Bartosik","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hahnemann University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016bbv872"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephen Jacobs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2175-6627"},{"@type":"Person","name":"L J Kelly","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hahnemann University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016bbv872"}}],"datePublished":"1986-11-01","abstract":"Peritoneal fluid (PF) was studied for the presence of endometrial tissue in a consecutive series of 67 women (with documented tubal patency) undergoing diagnostic laparoscopy, tubal lavage, and hysteroscopy. PF was completely aspirated from the cul-de-sac both before and after uterine irrigation. The PF was then analyzed for the presence of endometrial tissue. In native PF no significant difference in the incidence of endometrial tissue between patients with (19%) and without (11%) endometriosis (P = 0.6) was observed. Refluxed PF, obtained after uterine irrigation, showed a significantly higher incidence of endometrial tissue in women with endometriosis (76%) as compared to controls (42%) (P = 0.03). We propose two models to explain the development of endometriosis. These are not mutually exclusive, may be independent of each other, and may represent two distinct pathophysiologic disease processes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"46","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"796","pageEnd":"800","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)49813-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43797804"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)49813-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3780999"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43797804"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/subtle-abnormalities-in-follicular-development-and-hormonal-profile-in-women-wit-rechpubdee1gtaafj/","name":"Subtle abnormalities in follicular development and hormonal profile in women with unexplained infertility","headline":"Subtle abnormalities in follicular development and hormonal profile in women with unexplained infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/subtle-abnormalities-in-follicular-development-and-hormonal-profile-in-women-wit-rechpubdee1gtaafj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Corenblum B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Blankstein","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05pr37258"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Furman A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4446-0549","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Odesа Polytechnic National University"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Lewinthal","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sheba Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/020rzx487"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Lunenfeld","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sheba Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/020rzx487"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Shalev","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4514-1651","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sheba Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/020rzx487"}}],"datePublished":"1986-11-01","abstract":"A prospective study of six unselected couples diagnosed as having unexplained infertility was done. In three of six patients, subtle abnormalities in follicular development were detected. In the first case poor follicular growth was observed. There was a premature small rise of luteinizing hormone (LH) with subsequent low levels of estradiol (E2) in the late follicular phase and unusual wide LH peak. This was followed by low progesterone levels in the luteal phase. In the second case follicular growth was abrupted by premature LH surge. This surge was triggered by early rise of E2 level while the follicle was still small in size. In the third case luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome was diagnosed, on ultrasound examination. All of the abnormalities were repetitive.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"46","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"833","pageEnd":"839","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mild-endometriosis-and-ovulatory-dysfunction-effect-of-danazol-treatment-on-succ-rec60b9bwhvqq6g75/","name":"Mild endometriosis and ovulatory dysfunction: effect of danazol treatment on success of ovulation induction","headline":"Mild endometriosis and ovulatory dysfunction: effect of danazol treatment on success of ovulation induction","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mild-endometriosis-and-ovulatory-dysfunction-effect-of-danazol-treatment-on-succ-rec60b9bwhvqq6g75/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"W P Dmowski","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00xcryt71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Z Binor"},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Radwanska"},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Rana"}],"datePublished":"1986-11-01","abstract":"The effectiveness of ovulation induction with clomiphene citrate or human menopausal gonadotropins was evaluated in 52 infertile women with stage I or stage II endometriosis and ovulatory dysfunction: anovulation or luteinized unruptured follicle (LUF) syndrome before (group I) and after (group II) danazol treatment. The incidence of anovulation and LUF in the endometriosis population was 9% and 34%, respectively. In group I, 10 of 36 patients (27.8%) conceived, with an average of 17.6 induction cycles per pregnancy. In group II, 21 of 30 patients (70%) conceived, with an average of 4.5 cycles per pregnancy (difference significant at P less than 0.001). There was no difference in the average number of ovulation induction cycles per patient between groups I and II (4.9 and 3.1, respectively). Of 14 patients who did not conceive in group I and crossed over to group II, 9 (64.3%) conceived (not different from group II). Spontaneous abortion rates were 20% in group I and 14% in group II. These results indicate that mild endometriosis may interfere with conception through mechanisms other than ovulatory dysfunction and that treatment with danazol appears to more than double the fertility rate.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"46","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"784","pageEnd":"789","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)49811-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70312311"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)49811-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3096780"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70312311"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteal-phase-deficiency-an-inadequate-endometrial-response-to-normal-hormone-sti-recaxmhgh3hlft6ps/","name":"Luteal phase deficiency: an inadequate endometrial response to normal hormone stimulation","headline":"Luteal phase deficiency: an inadequate endometrial response to normal hormone stimulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteal-phase-deficiency-an-inadequate-endometrial-response-to-normal-hormone-sti-recaxmhgh3hlft6ps/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J Balasch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0771-3746","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital Clínic de Barcelona","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02a2kzf50"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J A Vanrell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital Clínic de Barcelona","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02a2kzf50"}}],"datePublished":"1986-11-01","abstract":"Two hundred seventy-four infertile patients and 43 women with two or more previous first-trimester abortions underwent a luteal function evaluation by basal body temperature, plasma progesterone, estradiol and prolactin determination, and endometrial biopsy (repeated in a later cycle when the first was defective). An endometrial luteal phase deficiency was detected in 37 (13.5%) of the infertility cases and in 14 (32.5%) of the patients with recurrent miscarriage. However, the endometrial defect was associated with normal hormonal levels in the great majority of patients (86.3%).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"31","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Fertility"}}},"pageStart":"368","pageEnd":"371","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-new-politics-of-natural-family-planning-recyuephbugxpnc7f/","name":"The new politics of natural family planning","headline":"The new politics of natural family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-new-politics-of-natural-family-planning-recyuephbugxpnc7f/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Johnson JH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Reich J"}],"datePublished":"1986-11-01","abstract":"There has been an increase in interest in natural family planning (NFP) in recent years. The Roman Catholic Church and other groups sympathetic to NFP philosophy have pressured the US Agency for International Development (AID) to increase emphasis on NFP, and AID has responded by increasing funding devoted to NFP from US$0.8 to US$7.8 million from 1981-85. In 1985, AID exempted NFP providers from the requirement of providing direct or referral services for other methods, but repealed the exemption in 1986. Several methods fall under the NFP umbrella: rhythm, the estimation of ovulation time by the counting of days elapsed in relation to menstruation; and the more precise cervical musus; basal body temperature; and sympto-thermal methods. Because NFP requires considerable training, recording, and willingness to abstain, recruitment is difficult and dropout rates high. A 5-country World Health Organization study found that 17% of women dropped out during training, and 36% discontinued during the following year. At the 4th International Congress of the International Federation for Family Life Promotion (IFFLP), it was stressed that data on NFP prevalence classed by type of NFP are lacking. Questions raised included whether populations of countries that have achieved or hope to achieve a low birth rate will be interested in NFP; whether NFP can increase the risks of birth defects through fertilization by \"aged gametes;\" and whether NFP is capable of helping couples to select the sex of the child. The implications of the contraceptive effects of breastfeeding were reviewed. Some problems arise concerning evaluation of effectiveness: NFP advocates often do not consider couples who \"break the rules\" as acceptors, and when these couples are excluded from data the method appears much more effective. Traditionalists emphasize the increased quality that NFP brings to a marital relationship. Some participants maintained that rigid moral advocacy would deter many couples.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Family Planning Perspectives"}}},"pageStart":"277","pageEnd":"282","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/insemination-with-fresh-donor-semen-recnrvhh76q3e6xct/","name":"Insemination with fresh donor semen","headline":"Insemination with fresh donor semen","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/insemination-with-fresh-donor-semen-recnrvhh76q3e6xct/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Meeks GR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"McDonald J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gookin K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bates GW"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jill A McDonald","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1034-0677","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oslo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01xtthb56"}}],"datePublished":"1986-10-01","abstract":"Factors influencing the probability of conception after artificial insemination with donor semen were investigated in a series of 80 infertile couples. Overall, 46 pregnancies were achieved for a crude pregnancy rate of 58%. Life table analysis showed a cumulative probability of conception of 97.1% at the end of 12 cycles and an average fecundability of 15.1%. These results were achieved using a single insemination per cycle and individualizing the day of insemination based on the woman's basal body temperature. Women who had been pregnant previously had a significantly better fecundability than nulligravid women (P less than .05). The overall rates of conception in those women who required therapy for ovulatory dysfunction were the same as normal women although the fecundability was somewhat lower. Women who had abdominal pathology had an overall conception rate of 23%.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"68","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"527","pageEnd":"530","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cumulative-pregnancy-rates-for-in-vitro-fertilization-rec0ig26vawqx1qql/","name":"Cumulative pregnancy rates for in vitro fertilization","headline":"Cumulative pregnancy rates for in vitro fertilization","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cumulative-pregnancy-rates-for-in-vitro-fertilization-rec0ig26vawqx1qql/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"D S Guzick","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4791-2106","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05byvp690"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H W JONES","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jones Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01g73y611"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jones HW Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Wilkes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7051-3501","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eastern Virginia Medical School","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056hr4255"}}],"datePublished":"1986-10-01","abstract":"Data on 575 couples undergoing 1057 consecutive cycles of in vitro fertilization (IVF) were used to calculate cumulative pregnancy rates for repeated IVF cycles. Excluding preclinical abortions and couples in whom the male partner had poor semen parameters, calculated cumulative pregnancy rates for cycles 1 to 6 were 13.6%, 24.8%, 37.2%, 47.8%, 52.2%, and 59.6%, respectively. A parametric model used to fit these data yielded a strong correlation between observed and predicted pregnancy rates (r = 0.99, P less than 0.001). Predicted cumulative pregnancy rates after 9 and 12 cycles were 75% and 84%, respectively. Excluding preclinical abortions, the pregnancy rate per cycle was approximately constant, at approximately 15% over repeated cycles. As the cost of IVF declines and as treatment cycles become more easily tolerated, persistence in IVF can lead to successful pregnancy for a large proportion of couples.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"46","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"663","pageEnd":"667","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)49645-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69617677"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)49645-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3758386"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69617677"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-prospective-comparison-of-selective-and-universal-electronic-fetal-monitoring--recgakiplm0obxccd/","name":"A prospective comparison of selective and universal electronic fetal monitoring in 34,995 pregnancies","headline":"A prospective comparison of selective and universal electronic fetal monitoring in 34,995 pregnancies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-prospective-comparison-of-selective-and-universal-electronic-fetal-monitoring--recgakiplm0obxccd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"F G Cunningham","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6218-1773","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05byvp690"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C R Rosenfeld","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9208-6539","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05byvp690"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Buckley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7229-0420","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05byvp690"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Dowling","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05byvp690"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D S Guzick","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4791-2106","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05byvp690"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kenneth J Leveno","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05byvp690"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Nelson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1736-7939","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05byvp690"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Roark","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05byvp690"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M L Williams","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05byvp690"}}],"datePublished":"1986-09-04","abstract":"We investigated the effects of using intrapartum electronic fetal monitoring in all pregnancies, as compared with using it only in cases in which the fetus is judged to be at high risk. Predominant risk factors included oxytocin stimulation of labor, dysfunctional labor, abnormal fetal heart rate, or meconium-stained amniotic fluid. This prospective alternate-month clinical trial took place over a 36-month period during which 34,995 women gave birth. In alternate months, either 7 (for \"selective monitoring\") or 19 (for \"universal monitoring\") fetal monitors were made available in the labor and delivery unit. During the \"selective\" months, 6420 of 17,409 women (37 percent) were electronically monitored, as compared with 13,956 of 17,586 women (79 percent) during the \"universal months.\" Universal monitoring was associated with a small but significant increase in the incidence of delivery by cesarean section because of fetal distress, but perinatal outcomes as assessed by intrapartum stillbirths, low Apgar scores, a need for assisted ventilation of the newborn, admission to the intensive care nursery, or neonatal seizures were not significantly different. We conclude that not all pregnancies, and particularly not those considered at low risk of perinatal complications, need continuous electronic fetal monitoring during labor.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"315","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"615","pageEnd":"619","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM198609043151004","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44495646"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJM198609043151004"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3736600"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44495646"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis--associated-infertility-a-critical-review-of-therapeutic-approache-reczvjruo5sqcpaj4/","name":"Endometriosis--associated infertility: a critical review of therapeutic approaches","headline":"Endometriosis--associated infertility: a critical review of therapeutic approaches","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis--associated-infertility-a-critical-review-of-therapeutic-approache-reczvjruo5sqcpaj4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A F Haney","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D L Olive","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4392-6909","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00xcryt71"}}],"datePublished":"1986-09-01","abstract":"Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, and Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"41","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey"}}},"pageStart":"538","pageEnd":"555","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/absorption-and-metabolism-of-oral-progesterone-when-administered-twice-daily-rec2forsfm5azvhnp/","name":"Absorption and metabolism of oral progesterone when administered twice daily","headline":"Absorption and metabolism of oral progesterone when administered twice daily","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/absorption-and-metabolism-of-oral-progesterone-when-administered-twice-daily-rec2forsfm5azvhnp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Padwick ML"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Endacott J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Matson C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Whitehead MI"}],"datePublished":"1986-09-01","abstract":"The absorption, metabolism, and clearance of progesterone (P) from the peripheral circulation were investigated in five postmenopausal women after oral administration of 100 mg at 9:00 A.M. and 200 mg at 9:00 P.M. for 5 consecutive days. Mean peak plasma concentrations of P were observed 2 hours after ingestion of both the 100 and 200 mg doses and were 22.7 and 47.7 nmol/l, respectively. Of the three metabolites studied, the plasma concentrations of pregnanediol-3 alpha-glucuronide were most raised by treatment; those of 17-hydroxyprogesterone were least raised. Increases in the plasma levels of 20 alpha-dihydroprogesterone were more sustained than those of P, and the plasma concentrations remained elevated at approximately 20 nmol/l for at least 12 hours after P administration. We conclude that administration of oral P 100 mg in the morning and 200 mg at night increases the circulating concentrations of P and the biologically active metabolite 20 alpha-dihydroprogesterone, and that the duration of these increases is sufficient to evoke progestational responses in responsive end-organs.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"46","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"402","pageEnd":"407","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adhesion-prevention-in-the-rabbit-with-sodium-carboxymethylcellulose-solutions-reca6yolfxjzfdqjy/","name":"Adhesion prevention in the rabbit with sodium carboxymethylcellulose solutions","headline":"Adhesion prevention in the rabbit with sodium carboxymethylcellulose solutions","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adhesion-prevention-in-the-rabbit-with-sodium-carboxymethylcellulose-solutions-reca6yolfxjzfdqjy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C M Fredericks","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical University of South Carolina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012jban78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A H Askalani"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G I Serour","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical University of South Carolina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012jban78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Holtz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4569-7975","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical University of South Carolina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012jban78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"I Kotry","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical University of South Carolina","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012jban78"}}],"datePublished":"1986-09-01","abstract":"With the use of a rabbit surgical model, the ability of 1%, 2%, and 3% solutions of sodium carboxymethylcellulose to reduce postoperative uterine adhesions was determined. At all concentrations sodium carboxymethylcellulose was more effective than either 32% dextran 70 or heparinized lactated Ringer's solution. Neither the dextran nor Ringer's solution had a significant (p less than or equal to 0.05) effect. The beneficial effects of sodium carboxymethylcellulose were closely dose-dependent (correlation coefficient 0.97). Sodium carboxymethylcellulose is highly effective in reducing postoperative adhesions in laboratory animals, and additional studies are warranted to further define its efficacy and safety.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"155","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"667","pageEnd":"670","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(86)90304-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44114884"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(86)90304-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2428251"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44114884"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cervical-dilatation-and-prematurity-revisited-recnnxznqjbaejmk7/","name":"Cervical dilatation and prematurity revisited","headline":"Cervical dilatation and prematurity revisited","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cervical-dilatation-and-prematurity-revisited-recnnxznqjbaejmk7/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kay L. Cox","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0780-5437","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05byvp690"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Micki L. Roark"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kenneth J Leveno","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05byvp690"}}],"datePublished":"1986-09-01","abstract":"Cervical examination between 26 and 30 weeks' gestation is described as a method for identifying women at risk for delivery before 34 weeks. Blinded cervical examinations were performed in 185 consecutive women, and 15 (8%) were found to have cervixes dilated 2 or 3 cm. The incidence of delivery before 34 weeks' gestation was 27% in such women compared with 2% in those whose cervixes were undilated or 1 cm. Other factors linked to cervical dilatation included parity and prior preterm delivery. However, parous women with cervical dilatation remained at increased risk for delivery before 34 weeks' gestation. We conclude that early third-trimester cervical examination may be an important adjunct in identifying women at risk for preterm delivery.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"68","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"434","pageEnd":"435","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/00006250-198609000-00031","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44260331"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/00006250-198609000-00031"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3737067"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44260331"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-an-update-recjpw2mfk9yt1c9a/","name":"Natural family planning: an update","headline":"Natural family planning: an update","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-an-update-recjpw2mfk9yt1c9a/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Derzko CM"}],"datePublished":"1986-09-01","abstract":"Natural Family Planning (NFP) is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as \"methods for planning or avoiding pregnancies by observation of the natural signs and symptoms of the fertile and infertile phase of the menstrual cycle. It is implicit in the definition of natural family planning, when used to avoid conception that drugs, devices and surgical procedures are not used, there is abstinence from sexual intercourse during the fertile phase of the menstrual cycle, and the act of intercourse, when it occurs, is complete.\"(1) The fertile period may be determined by using Rhythm, a calculation based on previous cycles, basal body temperature (BBT) charting alone, mucus secretion alone (Billings or Ovulation method), or symptothermal charting (Serena method), which includes observation of both mucus and BBT. The effectiveness of each method is discussed, and the social and psychological profile of couples who use NFP is reviewed. Nfp methods can be used not only to avoid pregnancy, but also to achieve pregnancy and thus are particularly useful in investigating and treating infertility. The function of the Family Life Clinic at St. Michael's Hospital in Toronto is described.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Canadian Family Physician Medecin De Famille Canadien"}},"pageStart":"1913","pageEnd":"1921","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endogenous-sex-hormones-prolactin-and-breast-cancer-in-premenopausal-women-recxhskgtk4y2sstp/","name":"Endogenous sex hormones, prolactin, and breast cancer in premenopausal women","headline":"Endogenous sex hormones, prolactin, and breast cancer in premenopausal women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endogenous-sex-hormones-prolactin-and-breast-cancer-in-premenopausal-women-recxhskgtk4y2sstp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"James B. Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7414-6809","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Melbourne","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan A. Morrison","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"International Clinical Research Center, Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1406-4251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B MacMahon"},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Meyer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2365-7964"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A S Morrison"}],"datePublished":"1986-09-01","abstract":"Forty-one women with breast cancer and 119 controls participated in a case-control study of the relation of endogenous sex hormones to breast carcinoma in premenopausal women. During the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, one overnight urine specimen was collected. During the luteal phase, urine and blood specimens were obtained. 17 beta-Estradiol, sex hormone-binding globulin, progesterone, and prolactin were measured in plasma, whereas estrogen metabolites (estrone, estradiol, and estriol) and pregnanediol were assessed in the urine. Breast cancer was associated with high-plasma estradiol and prolactin and with low progesterone. Similar but weaker associations were observed for urinary estrogens and pregnanediol in the luteal phase.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"77","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute"}}},"pageStart":"613","pageEnd":"616","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/77.3.613","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68734963"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/jnci/77.3.613"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3462404"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68734963"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mefenamic-acid-in-the-treatment-of-premenstrual-syndrome-recymh7hawc4lthul/","name":"Mefenamic acid in the treatment of premenstrual syndrome","headline":"Mefenamic acid in the treatment of premenstrual syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mefenamic-acid-in-the-treatment-of-premenstrual-syndrome-recymh7hawc4lthul/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"D McNeil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8504-9729"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Abraham","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1444-6288","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Norfolk and Suffolk NHS Foundation Trust"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ian S Fraser","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Hospital for Women","sameAs":"https://ror.org/021cxfs56"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Mira","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2107-0691","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kafrelsheikh University"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Vizzard"}],"datePublished":"1986-09-01","abstract":"The use of mefenamic acid in the treatment of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) was investigated in 15 women over six menstrual cycles. A randomized, double-blind, cross-over, placebo-controlled design was used to overcome the methodologic criticisms of other medication trials in this condition. Mefenamic acid significantly improved many of the physical, mood, and performance symptoms associated with PMS. The physical symptoms that showed marked improvement were fatigue, headache, and general aches and pains (P less than .001). Most mood symptoms were improved, the most significant being freedom from mood swings (P less than .005).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"68","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"395","pageEnd":"398","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/00006250-198609000-00022","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68891524"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/00006250-198609000-00022"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3526218"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68891524"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevalence-of-polycystic-ovaries-in-women-with-anovulation-and-idiopathic-hirsut-recslidburdl3qw6a/","name":"Prevalence of polycystic ovaries in women with anovulation and idiopathic hirsutism","headline":"Prevalence of polycystic ovaries in women with anovulation and idiopathic hirsutism","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevalence-of-polycystic-ovaries-in-women-with-anovulation-and-idiopathic-hirsut-recslidburdl3qw6a/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J Adams","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0378-2231","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Mary’s Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/041j39g66"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Franks","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3712-0335","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Mary's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jv2qv86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D W Polson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Mary’s Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/041j39g66"}}],"datePublished":"1986-08-09","abstract":"Polycystic ovaries were defined with ultrasound imaging in a series of 173 women who presented to a gynaecological endocrine clinic with anovulation or hirsutism. Polycystic ovaries were found in 26% of women with amenorrhoea, 87% with oligomenorrhoea, and 92% with idiopathic hirsutism--that is, hirsutism but with regular menstrual cycles. Fewer than half the anovulatory patients with polycystic ovaries were hirsute, but in 93% of cases there was at least one endocrine abnormality to support the diagnosis of polycystic ovaries--that is, raised serum concentrations of luteinising hormone, raised luteinising hormone: follicle stimulating hormone ratio, or raised serum concentrations of testosterone or androstenedione. This study shows that polycystic ovaries, as defined by pelvic ultrasound, are very common in anovulatory women (57% of cases) and are not necessarily associated with hirsutism or a raised serum luteinising hormone concentration. Most women with hirsutism and regular menses have polycystic ovaries so that the term \"idiopathic\" hirsutism no longer seems appropriate.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"293","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6543","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British Medical Journal (Clinical Research Ed.)"}}},"pageStart":"355","pageEnd":"359","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.293.6543.355","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34287561"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj.293.6543.355"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3089520"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34287561"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/inflammatory-bowel-disease-in-oral-contraceptive-users-recfvg0cwsjr48flb/","name":"Inflammatory bowel disease in oral contraceptive users","headline":"Inflammatory bowel disease in oral contraceptive users","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/inflammatory-bowel-disease-in-oral-contraceptive-users-recfvg0cwsjr48flb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Cedric Garland"},{"@type":"Person","name":"B M Calkins","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A I Mendeloff","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}}],"datePublished":"1986-08-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"91","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Gastroenterology"}}},"pageStart":"523","pageEnd":"524","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-5085(86)90611-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69546520"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0016-5085(86)90611-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3721134"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69546520"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/characteristics-of-women-with-recurrent-spontaneous-abortions-and-women-with-fav-reclin25ozxuijlro/","name":"Characteristics of women with recurrent spontaneous abortions and women with favorable reproductive histories","headline":"Characteristics of women with recurrent spontaneous abortions and women with favorable reproductive histories","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/characteristics-of-women-with-recurrent-spontaneous-abortions-and-women-with-fav-reclin25ozxuijlro/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Barbara A. Strobino","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9050-5322","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Haylee Fox"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Kline","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3667-7542","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Z Stein"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Susser"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Warburton"}],"datePublished":"1986-08-01","abstract":"Women with a history of recurrent spontaneous abortions (repeaters) are compared with women who have had live births and no spontaneous abortions (multiparae) and women who have had live births and only one spontaneous abortion (sporadics) to identify characteristics of the women and their abortuses that might predict subsequent fetal loss. A number of risk factors for recurrent spontaneous abortion have been identified: the loss of a chromosomally normal conception, loss after the first trimester of pregnancy, a delay in conceiving prior to the study pregnancy, a diagnosis of cervical incompetence, and a history of very low birthweight deliveries. The odds ratios associated with being a repeater vary from 1.4 to 5.6 depending on the number of characteristics present.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"76","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Public Health"}}},"pageStart":"986","pageEnd":"991","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.2105/ajph.76.8.986","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69562242"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2105/ajph.76.8.986"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3728772"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69562242"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-methods-of-family-planning-recznfq3qea3qwanl/","name":"Natural methods of family planning","headline":"Natural methods of family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-methods-of-family-planning-recznfq3qea3qwanl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E Clubb","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"General Practitioner Oxford, Medical Consultant Natural Family Planning Service, 15 Lansdowne Road, London W11 3AJ"}}],"datePublished":"1986-08-01","abstract":"Natural methods of family planning make use of the naturally occurring signs and symptoms of the fertile and infertile phases of the menstrual cycle. Recognizable signs and symptoms occur cyclically, and women can be taught to recognize them. Changes take place in basal body temperature, cervical mucus, and the cervix uteri. Basal body temperature rises about .2 degrees C (.4 degrees F) immediately after ovulation when the blood levels of progesterone increase. Following menstruation, cervical mucus is composed of cense cellular matter that forms an impenetrable barrier (typeG). As the cycle progresses under the influence of increasing estrogen, there is a predominance of characteristically lumpy opaque mucus (type L). A few days before ovulation, the characteristically thin slippery crystal clear stretchy mucus is produced (type S). Fertile mucus is composed of a combination of L-type and S-type mucus. Estrogen casuses changes to take place in the muscle and connective tissue of the cervix. As estrogen levels rise during the pre-ovulatory phase, the cervix softens and the cervical os opens. A woman can be aware of these changes by gently palpating the cervix with her finger tip. These signs and symptoms which reflect accurately the rise and fall of the hormones estrogen and progesterone are the basis of fertility awareness on which natural methods of family planning are based. In addition to knowing when ovulation takes place, it is also necessary to know the length of time the ovum can be fertilized after ovulation and the life span of the sperm in the female genital tract before ovulation. In fertile mucus, sperm will live an average of 3 days, but it must be understood that it is possible for sperm to survive for 5 days if conditions are right. To make allowances for sperm survuval, the fertile phase starts when follicular development begins and estrogen levels start to rise. The life span of the ovum is less than 24 hours. Natural family planning methods--including the temperature method, the ovulation method (Billings), the calandar method (rhythm), and the sympto-thermal method are explained.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"106","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of the Royal Society of Health"}}},"pageStart":"121","pageEnd":"126","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/146642408610600402","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70302894"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/146642408610600402"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3091823"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70302894"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/world-health-organization-multicenter-study-on-menstrual-and-ovulatory-patterns--vhov5fzt/","name":"World Health Organization multicenter study on menstrual and ovulatory patterns in adolescent girls. II. Longitudinal study of menstrual patterns in the early postmenarcheal period, duration of bleeding episodes and menstrual cycles","headline":"World Health Organization multicenter study on menstrual and ovulatory patterns in adolescent girls. II. Longitudinal study of menstrual patterns in the early postmenarcheal period, duration of bleeding episodes and menstrual cycles","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/world-health-organization-multicenter-study-on-menstrual-and-ovulatory-patterns--vhov5fzt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"World Health Organization Task Force on Adolescent Reproductive Health"}],"datePublished":"1986-07-01","abstract":"During a two-year study, 670 girls (aged 11-15 years) submitted menstrual diaries that started at the onset of their first menstrual bleeding (Group I), and 802 girls (aged 11-15 years) who had already experienced menarche prior to the study (Group II) kept similar diaries. The two groups were recruited in three centers: Colombo (urban), Peradeniya (rural), both in Sri Lanka, and Hong Kong. The mean duration of bleeding episodes was 4.7 days (SD 1.8) in Group I and 4.9 days (SD 1.4) in Group II. The median length of the first cycle after menarche was 34 days, with 38.3% of the cycles being longer than 40 days. By the 5th cycle the median length was 31 days, similar to that of Group II. The establishment of cycle regularity was defined by three successive cycles within the range of 10 days with none of the three cycles shorter than 20 or longer than 40 days. This regularity was achieved by 19% of the Group I girls in the first three cycles and by 67% of these girls during the entire study period, compared to 89% in Group II.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Adolescent Health Care"},"sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69548661","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3721946"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69548661"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovarian-ultrasonography-highlights-precision-of-symptoms-of-ovulation-as-markers-recrvolddtmevdpmk/","name":"Ovarian ultrasonography highlights precision of symptoms of ovulation as markers of ovulation","headline":"Ovarian ultrasonography highlights precision of symptoms of ovulation as markers of ovulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovarian-ultrasonography-highlights-precision-of-symptoms-of-ovulation-as-markers-recrvolddtmevdpmk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert E. J. Ryder","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4424-355X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital of Wales","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04fgpet95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"MF Scanlon","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital of Wales","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04fgpet95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cajsa Norman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital of Wales","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04fgpet95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Depares","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital of Wales","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04fgpet95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Susan Walker","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8671-8707","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Anglia Ruskin University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0009t4v78"}}],"datePublished":"1986-06-14","abstract":"In recent years increasing interest has focused on the symptoms that accompany normal ovulation. 'Identifying the accuracy ofthese symptoms as indicators of ovulation is of practical importance both to the subfertile couple trying to maximise the chance of conception and to the couple using\" natural fiaily planiing\" to prevent conception. Until recently it has not been possible to assess the accuracy of the symptoms because of difficulties in assessing the exact time of ovulation. Ovarian ultrasonography has now been shown to allow accurate …","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"292","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6535","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British Medical Journal (Clinical Research Ed.)"}}},"pageStart":"1562","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.292.6535.1562","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24537992"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj.292.6535.1562"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3087519"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q24537992"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/detection-of-preterm-labor-by-ambulatory-monitoring-of-uterine-activity-for-the--recdlxg28kn6xlzgv/","name":"Detection of preterm labor by ambulatory monitoring of uterine activity for the management of oral tocolysis","headline":"Detection of preterm labor by ambulatory monitoring of uterine activity for the management of oral tocolysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/detection-of-preterm-labor-by-ambulatory-monitoring-of-uterine-activity-for-the--recdlxg28kn6xlzgv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Roger Newman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2422-619X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P J Gill","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Katz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9817-4839","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57"}}],"datePublished":"1986-06-01","abstract":"A study to evaluate whether ambulatory tocodynamometry at home could enhance the management of oral tocolysis was performed. On discharge from the hospital, after completing parenteral tocolysis, 60 patients received a lightweight tocodynamometer, designed for storage and transmission of uterine activity data. Sixty additional contemporary patients, who were matched for maternal age, parity, and risk factors, served as a control group. In addition to instructions regarding self-detection of recurrent preterm labor, monitored patients recorded uterine activity for greater than or equal to 200 min/day and then transmitted the data to the study center. Tocolytic dosage was adjusted to maintain mean uterine contraction frequency of less than 4/hr. Persistent uterine contractions of greater than or equal to 4/hr lead to in-hospital evaluation for recurrent preterm labor. The results indicate that the monitored group had a lower incidence of preterm births mostly because of a decrease in the proportion of patients with failed tocolysis. It is suggested that surveillance of uterine activity at home during oral treatment for preterm labor may be instrumental in improving perinatal outcome in high-risk patients.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"154","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1253","pageEnd":"1256","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(86)90708-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69535508"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(86)90708-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3717236"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69535508"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sperm-migration-through-human-cervical-mucus-in-women-with-copper-iuds-rec3cffxhs1dmvc54/","name":"Sperm migration through human cervical mucus in women with copper IUD's","headline":"Sperm migration through human cervical mucus in women with copper IUD's","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sperm-migration-through-human-cervical-mucus-in-women-with-copper-iuds-rec3cffxhs1dmvc54/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert JA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mackenna A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Arguello","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Barros","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7452-3060","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Laboratory of Embryology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gonzalez P","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0103-2931","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Leontic","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Perez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3028-4318","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}}],"datePublished":"1986-06-01","abstract":"Human cervical mucus from women using Lippes Loop and T-Cu-200 IUDs was used to study sperm migration in vitro using flat capillary tubes. Cervical mucus from women bearing no IUD was used as the control. 100% of the control samples, 83% of the Lippes Loop users, and 88% of the T-Cu-200 users had more than 100 spermatozoa/field of 100x. In 17% and in 11% there were between 40 and 100 spermatozoa/field of 100x in the Lippes Loop and T-Cu-200 users. The presence of copper IUDs does not interfere with sperm migration in vitro through human cervical mucus.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2-3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Advances in contraceptive delivery systems : CDS"}}},"pageStart":"160","pageEnd":"163","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-risks-of-the-natural-family-planning-methods-recptoe3mvs1xtn3f/","name":"The risks of the natural family planning methods","headline":"The risks of the natural family planning methods","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-risks-of-the-natural-family-planning-methods-recptoe3mvs1xtn3f/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Zufferey MM"}],"datePublished":"1986-05-01","abstract":"Risks of 5 natural family planning (NFP) methods are compared. The main risk of these methods is the risk of pregnancy stemming from method failure, errors in instruction, error in application of the method, and failure to observe abstinence during the entire fertile period. The calendar rhythm method, the oldest NFP method, is based on calculation of likely fertile days in the preceding 6-12 menstrual cycles. The method is seldom taught at present because of its high failure rate, but it continues to be used, often by individuals with an incomplete understanding of the calculations. The principle of the basal body temperature method is well known. The thermal shift affirms the beginning of the infertile period but does not allow prediction of ovulation. Instructions provided by different organizations to identify the third day of the hyperthermal plateau are not standardized; the various interpretations applied to the same cycle do not necessarily lead to identification of the same day as the start of the infertile period. Comparisons of efficacy between methods are therefore difficult. Well-conducted prospective studies have demonstrated high theoretical efficacy, but failure rates in practice appear to be higher. Women often do not know how to interpret a temperature curve correctly, and the curve may be influenced by illness, sleeping late, a change of life style or thermometer. Some authors have reported that 3-20% of ovulatory cycles have monophasic temperature curves. The temperature method requires lengthy abstinence lasting until the third day of higher temperature, which may create conflicts in some couples. To ease the difficulties of interpretation of the temperature method, a Swiss architect developed an electronic thermometer programmed according to rules of the calendar rhythm method for cycles of 19-39 days. The woman's 6 most recent cycle lengths remain in the memory to indicate probable infertile days. Although no formal evaluations have appeared in the literature on the Bioself thermometer, the method appears to entail risks including registration of incorrect temperature due to humidity or rundown batteries, and inadequate programming to identify the safe period. The Billings or cervical mucus method is based on observation by the woman of the thickness, wetness, and other characteristics of mucus secretions in the vulva to predict ovulation. Various studies have shown high theoretical efficacy but practical efficacy is lower. Vaginal infections, some ovarian pathologies, and postpartum hormonal changes are among factors that can alter mucus patterns. The method does not confirm ovulation, and false \"peak days\" may occur. The symptothermal method is based on all the principles of the cervical mucus and temperature methods as well as autopalpation of the cervix and any other signs of ovulation. Effectiveness rates are high. In general pregnancy risks are the same as those for the cervical mucus and temperature methods. A theoretical heightened risk of abortion or fetal malformation common to all the methods due to fertilization of aging gametes has not been definitively evaluated. Another possible risk results from timing of abstinence at the phase of the menstrual cycle when the woman's sexual desire is likely to be greatest.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"43","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Therapeutische Umschau. Revue Therapeutique"}}},"pageStart":"417","pageEnd":"424","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/correlation-between-the-zona-free-hamster-egg-sperm-penetration-assay-and-human--recbvtekuonk9peem/","name":"Correlation between the zona-free hamster egg sperm penetration assay and human in vitro fertilization","headline":"Correlation between the zona-free hamster egg sperm penetration assay and human in vitro fertilization","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/correlation-between-the-zona-free-hamster-egg-sperm-penetration-assay-and-human--recbvtekuonk9peem/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"N Laufer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7928-6977","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hadassah Academic College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bdv1r55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Lewin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7848-045X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hadassah Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cqmqj90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E J Margalioth","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hadassah Academic College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bdv1r55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Navot","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04a9tmd77"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Rabinowitz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hadassah Academic College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bdv1r55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J G Schenker","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hadassah Academic College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03bdv1r55"}}],"datePublished":"1986-05-01","abstract":"The association between in vitro fertilization (IVF) and the zona-free hamster egg sperm penetration assay (SPA) was studied in 134 couples. The indications for IVF were tubal disease in 82 couples, unexplained infertility in 23, male infertility in 10, and combined mechanical and male factors in 19. In general, a positive SPA was a good predictor of subsequent IVF (91 of 107 couples). Specificity (number of couples with fertilization in vitro divided by the number of couples with a positive SPA times 100) was 94% for tubal infertility, 76% for unexplained infertility, and 46% for male infertility. A negative SPA predicted an overall fertilization failure of 78% (21 of 27 couples). Sensitivity of the test (number of couples with IVF failure divided by the number of couples with a negative SPA times 100) was 100% for tubal and unexplained infertility but only 63% for male infertility. The high predictive value of the SPA for subsequent IVF outcome in tubal infertility and unexplained infertility warrants its routine use for prescreening in IVF programs. Because of the lack of association between SPA and IVF in oligoasthenospermia, the bioassay should not be relied upon for predicting IVF outcome in male subfertility. The overall high association between the animal model and human IVF reinforces the use of the SPA for both basic research and clinical decision-making.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"45","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"665","pageEnd":"670","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)49339-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69488355"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)49339-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3699171"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69488355"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-better-prognosis-in-secondary-infertility-is-associated-with-a-higher-propor-recpeol549wgrruar/","name":"The better prognosis in secondary infertility is associated with a higher proportion of ovulation disorders","headline":"The better prognosis in secondary infertility is associated with a higher proportion of ovulation disorders","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-better-prognosis-in-secondary-infertility-is-associated-with-a-higher-propor-recpeol549wgrruar/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"John A. Collins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5743-3304","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert F Casper","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6249-462X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Collins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4950-0466","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Southern New Hampshire University"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C A Rand"},{"@type":"Person","name":"E H Wilson"},{"@type":"Person","name":"W Wrixon"}],"datePublished":"1986-05-01","abstract":"To determine the reason for the higher pregnancy rate in couples with secondary infertility, the authors compared 237 infertile couples who had a previous pregnancy in the current partnership (secondary infertility) with 135 infertile couples in whom the woman had been pregnant only in a previous partnership and 925 couples with primary infertility. Couples with secondary infertility had the highest proportion of ovulation disorders (36%); these couples with secondary infertility and an ovulation disorder had the shortest duration of infertility (26 months). Cumulative pregnancy rates at 36 months were 56% in secondary fertility, 44% in primary infertility, and 42% in pregnancy in a previous partnership (P = 0.001). In this study, the better prognosis in secondary infertility may be related to the higher proportion of couples with ovulation disorders, who had a shorter duration of infertility. Abortion rates in the earlier pregnancies with current or previous partners were 37% and 30%, respectively; after the period of infertility, the abortion rates were 14% and 12%, respectively.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"45","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"611","pageEnd":"616","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)49330-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69488346"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)49330-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3699169"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69488346"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chronic-inflammatory-bowel-disease-cigarette-smoking-and-use-of-oral-contracepti-recnofjpgsyrxshi1/","name":"Chronic inflammatory bowel disease, cigarette smoking, and use of oral  contraceptives: findings in a large cohort study of women of childbearing age","headline":"Chronic inflammatory bowel disease, cigarette smoking, and use of oral  contraceptives: findings in a large cohort study of women of childbearing age","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chronic-inflammatory-bowel-disease-cigarette-smoking-and-use-of-oral-contracepti-recnofjpgsyrxshi1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Vessey, Martin P."},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4154-6280","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marquette Method Profess","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052gg0110"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K McPherson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5486-4945","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oxford","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052gg0110"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Jewell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oxford","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052gg0110"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Vessey","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Primary Health Care","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03djtgh02"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Yeates","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oxford","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052gg0110"}}],"datePublished":"1986-04-26","abstract":"Since the start in 1968 of the Oxford Family Planning Association contraceptive study 31 women have developed ulcerative colitis and 18 have developed Crohn's disease, giving incidences of 0.15 and 0.09/1000 woman years respectively. The incidence of ulcerative colitis in women who were non-smokers on entry to the study was 0.17/1000 woman years and the incidence in smokers was 0.11/1000 woman years. The findings for Crohn's disease were entirely different, the corresponding incidences being 0.05 and 0.17/1000 woman years respectively. Both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease were more common among women currently using oral contraceptives than among those not doing so. Incidences per 1000 woman years for ulcerative colitis were 0.26 in users and 0.11 in non-users; for Crohn's disease the incidences were 0.13 and 0.07 respectively. Though the association between the use of oral contraceptives and chronic inflammatory bowel disease cannot be regarded as established, the effects of smoking have been shown consistently in many studies. This observation provides an important clue to the aetiology of chronic inflammatory bowel disease.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"292","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6528","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British Medical Journal (Clinical Research Ed.)"}}},"pageStart":"1101","pageEnd":"1103","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.292.6528.1101","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34285270"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj.292.6528.1101"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3084016"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34285270"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-significance-of-luteal-phase-deficiency-on-fertility-a-diagnostic-and-therap-recfmjzkvnocypkyk/","name":"The significance of luteal phase deficiency on fertility: a diagnostic and therapeutic approach","headline":"The significance of luteal phase deficiency on fertility: a diagnostic and therapeutic approach","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-significance-of-luteal-phase-deficiency-on-fertility-a-diagnostic-and-therap-recfmjzkvnocypkyk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J Balasch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0771-3746","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital Clínic de Barcelona","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02a2kzf50"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"I Burzaco"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Creus","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital Clínic de Barcelona","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02a2kzf50"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Manuel Márquez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0889-8647","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital Clínic de Barcelona","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02a2kzf50"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J A Vanrell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital Clínic de Barcelona","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02a2kzf50"}}],"datePublished":"1986-04-01","abstract":"Luteal phase deficiency, diagnosed by endometrial biopsy, was found in 1 out of 25 control fertile women and in 46 out of 355 infertile patients, a difference that was not significant. It was also found in 19 [corrected] out of 60 patients with early recurrent abortion which was significantly higher than in controls and in infertile patients. Pregnancy outcome was evaluated in treated and untreated groups of patients diagnosed as having luteal phase deficiency. Our data suggest that treatment improved the results of pregnancy in patients with recurrent abortion, but not in infertile patients.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)"}}},"pageStart":"145","pageEnd":"147","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a136370","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70355814"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a136370"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3114310"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70355814"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/return-of-fertility-in-women-discontinuing-injectable-contraceptives-dlvgwbjf/","name":"Return of fertility in women discontinuing injectable contraceptives","headline":"Return of fertility in women discontinuing injectable contraceptives","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/return-of-fertility-in-women-discontinuing-injectable-contraceptives-dlvgwbjf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Fotherby K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Howard G"}],"datePublished":"1986-04-01","abstract":"2 recent studies largely dispel concern about the restoration of fertility after discontinuation of injectable contraceptives. After cessation of use of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) or norethisterone enanthate there is some delay in fertility restoration, but fertility is not impaired once the progestogen is cleared from the body. Pharmacokinetic data suggest that norethisterone enanthate exerts less of an inhibitory effect on the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian system than DMPA, so that ovulation returns earlier after discontinuation of the former injectable. There appears to be no significant difference between nulligravid and parous women in the return of fertility, indicating that use of injectable contraceptives does not need to be restricted to women who have completed their families. In Pardthaisong's study of over 1000 Thai women, the median delay until conception after contraceptive discontinuation was 3 months among oral contraceptive users, 4.5 months for the IUD, and 5.5 months for DMPA users. 36 months after discontinuation, only 6.4% of the 796 DMPA former users surveyed had failed to conceive. In a smaller scale study by Fotherby et al, the conception rate among discontinuers of norethisterone enanthate did not differ significantly from that among nonusers of contraception or users of nonsteroidal methods once an 8-week period for the clearance of norethisterone from the body had elapsed. The mean time to ovulation is similar to the clearance for norethisterone; for DMPA, in contrast, the mean time to ovulation is considerably longer than that of the clearance. In discontinuers of DMPA, the mean time for the return of ovulation (210 days) is only slightly less than the mean time for the return of fertility (260 days). However, for norethisterone enanthate, the mean time to conception is about 170 days compared to just over 80 days for the return of ovulation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6 Suppl 2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology"}},"pageStart":"S110-5","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3109/01443618609081724","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77184303"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3109/01443618609081724"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12315276"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q77184303"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-risk-of-fetal-anomalies-as-a-result-of-progesterone-therapy-during-pregnancy-recyt9chxursscdex/","name":"The risk of fetal anomalies as a result of progesterone therapy during pregnancy","headline":"The risk of fetal anomalies as a result of progesterone therapy during pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-risk-of-fetal-anomalies-as-a-result-of-progesterone-therapy-during-pregnancy-recyt9chxursscdex/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J H Check","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cooper University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/049wjac82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Rankin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Thomas Jefferson University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ysqcn41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Teichman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Thomas Jefferson University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ysqcn41"}}],"datePublished":"1986-04-01","abstract":"The incidence of congenital anomalies in infants born to 382 women treated with P was noted. Only five anomalies occurred in the infants born to women who had taken P. This study supports the data of Rock et al. by demonstrating a similar low incidence of birth defects in a much larger series of patients who also took a much higher dosage of P. Similarly, because only 1 of 189 patients treated with both P and 17-OHP developed anomalies, the data supports the study by Katz et al., suggesting no increase in anomalies related to 17-OHP therapy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"45","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"575","pageEnd":"577","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)49292-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70029315"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)49292-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3956772"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70029315"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-double-blind-placebo-controlled-trial-of-progesterone-vaginal-suppositories-in-recisedqiieqkf1uj/","name":"A double-blind placebo-controlled trial of progesterone vaginal suppositories in the treatment of premenstrual syndrome","headline":"A double-blind placebo-controlled trial of progesterone vaginal suppositories in the treatment of premenstrual syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-double-blind-placebo-controlled-trial-of-progesterone-vaginal-suppositories-in-recisedqiieqkf1uj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R L Reid","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6448-3166","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Hahn","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0132-2314"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Maddocks","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Moller","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86"}}],"datePublished":"1986-03-01","abstract":"Rigorous criteria were used to select women with severe premenstrual syndrome for inclusion in an 8-month double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial of progesterone vaginal suppositories. Following a control month without treatment, progesterone (200 mg in polyethylene glycol base) or placebo was self administered twice daily by vaginal suppository for a minimum of 12 days before the onset of menstruation for 3 months. Crossover to the opposite medication for a further 3 months was followed by a final control cycle without treatment in month 8. Physician contact was minimized throughout the study to avoid any possible positive effects of psychological support which may have confounded past investigations. Detailed self-report questionnaires were completed every 3 days for the duration of the study. Although the attrition rate was high, 20 women completed the trial and their records are analyzed here. The results of this trial indicate that the response to vaginal progesterone in these dosages is, at best, marginal and not significantly different from response with placebo use.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"154","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"573","pageEnd":"581","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(86)90604-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51212979"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(86)90604-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3513587"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q51212979"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ultrasound-differentiation-of-the-competent-from-the-incompetent-cervix-preventi-rec9vr0id64cfcqyz/","name":"Ultrasound differentiation of the competent from the incompetent cervix: prevention of preterm delivery","headline":"Ultrasound differentiation of the competent from the incompetent cervix: prevention of preterm delivery","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ultrasound-differentiation-of-the-competent-from-the-incompetent-cervix-preventi-rec9vr0id64cfcqyz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J Karo"},{"@type":"Person","name":"John G. Temple","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Providence Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04kd28k12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joel W. Ager","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9334-9751","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Providence Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04kd28k12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Ager","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8497-1124"},{"@type":"Person","name":"W H Michaels","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Providence Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04kd28k12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Montgomery","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Providence Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04kd28k12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Olson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2117-0247"}],"datePublished":"1986-03-01","abstract":"To evaluate the feasibility of the use of serial ultrasound measurements of cervical length, membrane protrusion, and dilatation to discriminate between the competent and the incompetent cervix, 107 at-risk patients and 30 control subjects were examined prospectively. Patients were divided into five groups based on treatment and method of diagnosis. Epidemiologic, ultrasound, and outcome data were analyzed. Means and standard deviations for ultrasound measurements were established. Highly significant differences between all prediagnostic and postdiagnostic-pretreatment measurements were found (p less than 0.001). Highly significant differences were also found between all postdiagnostic-pretreatment and postdiagnostic-posttreatment measurements (p less than 0.001). No significant differences between prediagnostic and postdiagnostic-posttreatment measurements were noted. The incidence of preterm delivery was significantly higher among untreated diagnosed patients (p less than 0.01). By combined clinical and ultrasound criteria 51 patients (47.7%) were identified as not having cervical incompetency. Fifty-six patients (52.3%) were diagnosed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"154","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"537","pageEnd":"546","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(86)90598-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68863590"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(86)90598-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3513583"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68863590"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effects-of-oral-administration-of-progesterone-for-premature-labor-recuxymowavytiuq9/","name":"The effects of oral administration of progesterone for premature labor","headline":"The effects of oral administration of progesterone for premature labor","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effects-of-oral-administration-of-progesterone-for-premature-labor-recuxymowavytiuq9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J Barrat","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7426-0249","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital de la Conception","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00s7v8q53"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Erny","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital de la Conception","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00s7v8q53"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Gamerre","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital de la Conception","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00s7v8q53"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Malet","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital de la Conception","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00s7v8q53"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Pigne","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital de la Conception","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00s7v8q53"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Prouvost","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital de la Conception","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00s7v8q53"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Serment","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital de la Conception","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00s7v8q53"}}],"datePublished":"1986-03-01","abstract":"The potential tocolytic effect of natural progesterone administration on premature labor was investigated in a double-blind study. An oral progesterone formulation was used because its ability to increase both plasma and myometrial concentration of progesterone in pregnant women had been previously demonstrated. Furthermore, no commercial intravenous or intramuscular natural progesterone formulation is currently available in France. Fifty-seven patients in two obstetric clinics, admitted because of the risk of premature delivery, were included in the study, and uterine contractility and fetal cardiac rhythm were monitored in all of them. At random and after 30 minutes' rest, 29 women absorbed four capsules of 100 mg of progesterone each and 28 women absorbed four capsules of a placebo. Plasma progesterone levels were evaluated in all cases after 30 minutes' rest and 1 hour after absorption of the capsules. The results showed that bed rest and placebo administration decrease uterine activity in 42% of the cases and oral progesterone decreases activity in 75% to 88% of cases, depending on the initial severity of the menace of premature delivery. The difference between the effects of progesterone and of placebo is significant. The tocolytic effect of oral progesterone is not as intense or as rapid as the effect of intravenous beta-mimetics but is sufficient in 80% of cases, on the average, to stop the premature labor without any detectable side effects. This tocolytic effect of oral progesterone is related not just to an increase in plasma progesterone levels but probably to an increase in myometrial progesterone concentration.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"154","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"525","pageEnd":"529","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(86)90595-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68863583"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(86)90595-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3513581"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68863583"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/correlation-of-vaginal-hormonal-cytograms-with-cervical-mucus-symptoms-as-observ-recbi1bzl8f7rllio/","name":"Correlation of vaginal hormonal cytograms with cervical mucus symptoms as observed by women using the ovulation method of natural family planning","headline":"Correlation of vaginal hormonal cytograms with cervical mucus symptoms as observed by women using the ovulation method of natural family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/correlation-of-vaginal-hormonal-cytograms-with-cervical-mucus-symptoms-as-observ-recbi1bzl8f7rllio/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Taylor RS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Woods JB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Guapo M"}],"datePublished":"1986-03-01","abstract":"The first study was done in which vaginal hormonal cytograms were correlated with cervical mucus symptoms as charted by women using the ovulation method of natural family planning. Daily vaginal smears obtained by 67 women during 78 menstrual cycles provided the basis of the study. The women had used the ovulation method for at least three cycles and were not breast-feeding. All vaginal smears examined cytologically had a microbiologic diagnosis of lactobacilli. All the vaginal hormonal cytograms revealed ovulatory-type patterns. Karyopyknotic index (KPI) peak correlated with peak mucus day +/-2 days in 74, or 94.9%, of the cases, with a mean of peak mucus at +0.14 days. The average number of mucus days prior to the KPI peak was 6.1. Seven women also provided daily blood specimens for bioassay of luteinizing hormone (LH). KPI peaked with a mean of 0.7 days after the LH peak.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"31","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"167","pageEnd":"172","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulation-induction-with-low-doses-of-clomiphene-citrate-rectii6xpi3gbuwrg/","name":"Ovulation induction with low doses of clomiphene citrate","headline":"Ovulation induction with low doses of clomiphene citrate","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulation-induction-with-low-doses-of-clomiphene-citrate-rectii6xpi3gbuwrg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S. Dodge","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"United States Department of the Army","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035w1gb98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D W Keller","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5105-2295","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"United States Department of the Army","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035w1gb98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R C Strickler","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"United States Department of the Army","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035w1gb98"}}],"datePublished":"1986-03-01","abstract":"Ovulation was induced with one-quarter tablet (12.5 mg) of clomiphene citrate given for five days to three oligoovulatory patients who had consistently formed functional ovarian cysts when given 50 and 25 mg of clomiphene citrate for five days. Two of the patients had polycystic ovary syndrome and the other had hypothalamic dysfunction associated with an eating disorder. On clomiphene citrate 12.5 mg for five days, one patient conceived, another produced inadequate cervical mucus but later conceived after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer, and the third woman, who had concomitant fallopian tube disease, ovulated but has not conceived. Women oversensitive to clomiphene citrate can be effectively treated with very low doses of the drug. Perhaps other oligoovulatory patients may benefit from lower than currently recommended clomiphene citrate doses.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"67","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3 Suppl","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"63S-65S","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/00006250-198603001-00019","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70007222"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/00006250-198603001-00019"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3945466"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70007222"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/precocious-cervical-ripening-and-preterm-labor-rec8ypyaz2fv04jmb/","name":"Precocious cervical ripening and preterm labor","headline":"Precocious cervical ripening and preterm labor","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/precocious-cervical-ripening-and-preterm-labor-rec8ypyaz2fv04jmb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J Bouyer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4861-0783","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J C Dreyfus","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Collin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Papiernik","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Winisdoerffer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}}],"datePublished":"1986-02-01","abstract":"A group of 8303 women was studied to determine the timing of cervical ripening. It was confirmed that these signs of cervical change can be observed several weeks before preterm births. The precocious signs of external ripening can be recognized during a vaginal examination and may be useful in predicting preterm labor.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"67","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"238","pageEnd":"242","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/00006250-198602000-00014","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43677701"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/00006250-198602000-00014"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3945433"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43677701"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/analysis-of-clinical-fertility-trials-a-methodologic-review-reccl6vaayznnpngv/","name":"Analysis of clinical fertility trials: a methodologic review","headline":"Analysis of clinical fertility trials: a methodologic review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/analysis-of-clinical-fertility-trials-a-methodologic-review-reccl6vaayznnpngv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"D L Olive","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4392-6909","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00xcryt71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Edward E. Wallach"}],"datePublished":"1986-02-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"45","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"157","pageEnd":"171","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)49148-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39727962"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)49148-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3512311"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39727962"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/professional-program-development-in-natural-family-planning-reca4slgsyasjewlb/","name":"Professional Program Development in Natural Family Planning","headline":"Professional Program Development in Natural Family Planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/professional-program-development-in-natural-family-planning-reca4slgsyasjewlb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute for Human Reproduction","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1986-02-01","abstract":"There is no information available about the effect of iron in formula on the development of gastrointestinal humoral immune response in early human infancy. We compared standard Enfamil to iron-fortified formula during the first 8 weeks of human life on the development of local gastrointestinal humoral immune response by measuring fecal secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA). Thirty children were studied and classified according to feeding in two groups: plain Enfamil (n = 15) and Enfamil with iron (n = 15). Fecal specimens were analyzed at birth, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks of age. Fecal SIgA was assayed by RID (radial-immune diffusion) during these four infantile periods in the two groups. Marked SIgA changes were detected in the group with iron-fortified formula versus non-iron-fortified formula. These changes appeared to have statistical significance in all the three infantile periods (2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks). There were no observed clinical side effects with the use of iron-fortified formula as detected by appropriate questionnaire. The possible role of iron in earlier and enhanced development of immunologic competence and host defense is discussed. These data may suggest a beneficial effect of low-dose iron in formula during early infantile human life by the protective role of the earlier and enhanced production of SIgA in the gut.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Linacre Quarterly"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00243639.1986.11877839","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/00243639.1986.11877839"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pitfalls-in-sonographic-imaging-of-the-incompetent-uterine-cervix-recxdkboz47b9fujy/","name":"Pitfalls in sonographic imaging of the incompetent uterine cervix","headline":"Pitfalls in sonographic imaging of the incompetent uterine cervix","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pitfalls-in-sonographic-imaging-of-the-incompetent-uterine-cervix-recxdkboz47b9fujy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Norbert Gleicher","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0202-4167","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Foundation for Reproductive Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05hp71e29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Confino","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mount Sinai Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/019jr0130"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R V Giglia","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mount Sinai Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/019jr0130"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K L Mayden","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mount Sinai Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/019jr0130"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Vermesh","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mount Sinai Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/019jr0130"}}],"datePublished":"1986-01-01","abstract":"Artifacts interfering with sonographic imaging of the uterine cervix in pregnancy are described. Increasing the amount of fluid in the urinary bladder closes the cervix and alters the configuration of the lower uterine segment, while increased intra-uterine pressure results in reciprocal changes. Angulation of the transducer and manual pressure thereon distort sonographic findings. It is concluded that, contrary to recent reports in the literature, sonography cannot reliably demonstrate changes in cervical compliance during pregnancy. Vaginal examination remains the ultimate diagnostic modality for the diagnosis of the incompetent cervix, while sonography may be used as an adjunct only.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"65","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica"}}},"pageStart":"593","pageEnd":"597","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3109/00016348609158394","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68926369"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3109/00016348609158394"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3541483"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68926369"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/conditioning-exercise-decreases-premenstrual-symptoms-a-prospective-controlled-t-rec2y1elhivtkyiwx/","name":"Conditioning exercise decreases premenstrual symptoms. A prospective controlled  three month trial","headline":"Conditioning exercise decreases premenstrual symptoms. A prospective controlled  three month trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/conditioning-exercise-decreases-premenstrual-symptoms-a-prospective-controlled-t-rec2y1elhivtkyiwx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Alojada","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y M Vigna","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8840-192X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"1986-01-01","abstract":"Conditioning exercise decreased premenstrual symptoms during 3 months of a prospective controlled training study. Eight women with normal ovulatory menstrual cycles began a running exercise training programme while completing intensity-graded questionnaires concerning molimina. Six sedentary control women followed the same protocol for 3 months but did not exercise. Oral basal temperatures evaluated by mean temperature analysis were obtained for all cycles. Exercise distance and time, average exercise heart rate, basal and maximal heart rate and body weights were recorded prospectively and evaluated during the control (0) and 3rd month of the study. Mid-luteal phase progesterone and estrogen levels were sampled during the analyzed cycles for the exercise group. Molimina did not change over 3 months time in the control group. The exercise group, after increasing distance run to 51.0 +/- 18.1 km/cycle at 3 months, showed decreases in overall molimina (scores on a 9-point scale) 6.5 +/- 1.8 to 3.5 +/- 0.9, p less than 0.01). Breast symptoms decreased from 8.3 +/- 0.7, p less than 0.005. Fluid symptoms also decreased from 7.3 +/- 1.8 to 5.5 +/- 0.9, p less than 0.025. Menstrual cycle intervals, luteal lengths, body weights and mid-luteal estrogen and progesterone levels were normal and unchanged. Moderate exercise training without major weight, hormonal or menstrual cycle alteration significantly decreased premenstrual symptoms.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"55","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology"}}},"pageStart":"349","pageEnd":"355","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00422732","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69617102"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/bf00422732"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3758033"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69617102"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-mucus-symptoms-length-and-subphases-during-the-fertile-age-a-review-of-odebl-rectakzrp8bxbbb9a/","name":"The Mucus Symptoms Length and Subphases During the Fertile Age: A Review of Odeblad E's Findings","headline":"The Mucus Symptoms Length and Subphases During the Fertile Age: A Review of Odeblad E's Findings","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-mucus-symptoms-length-and-subphases-during-the-fertile-age-a-review-of-odebl-rectakzrp8bxbbb9a/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E Odeblad","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sabbatsberg Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dkvrg87"}}],"datePublished":"1986-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Review of Natural Family Planning"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-endometriosis-and-spontaneous-abortion-effect-of-control-group-se-recmuwflso2vejnq2/","name":"Association of endometriosis and spontaneous abortion: effect of control group selection","headline":"Association of endometriosis and spontaneous abortion: effect of control group selection","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/association-of-endometriosis-and-spontaneous-abortion-effect-of-control-group-se-recmuwflso2vejnq2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"D L Olive","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4392-6909","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00xcryt71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R R Franklin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Metzger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G F Stohs","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}}],"datePublished":"1986-01-01","abstract":"Endometriosis has been associated with an increased incidence of spontaneous abortion, compared with the abortion rate of the general population. To assess whether a separate control group would affect these conclusions, we studied 139 consecutive infertility patients with laparoscopically proven endometriosis to determine the incidence of spontaneous abortion. Ninety-five of these patients underwent conservative surgical resection of endometriosis, and 44 patients opted for expectant management. There was no significant difference between these two groups in average age, duration of infertility, or proportion of patients with primary infertility. The average spontaneous abortion rate before diagnosis for all patients was 63.1%. After surgical treatment, the abortion rate dropped to 0% (P less than 0.000001) for all stages of disease. However, even in those patients who received expectant management only, the abortion rate fell to 16.7% and 21.4% for mild and moderate endometriosis, respectively (P less than 0.001). These results suggest that the spontaneous abortion rate in untreated endometriosis may not be as high as previously reported and may not be significantly different from the rate in the general population. The data also emphasize the need for well-defined control groups when assessing the effects of a treatment regimen.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"45","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"18","pageEnd":"22","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)49090-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55061166"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)49090-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3943647"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q55061166"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-peritoneal-fluid-on-urine-sperm-ova-interaction-receuayntykglqtlz/","name":"The effect of peritoneal fluid from patients with endometriosis on murine sperm-oocyte interaction","headline":"The effect of peritoneal fluid from patients with endometriosis on murine sperm-oocyte interaction","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-peritoneal-fluid-on-urine-sperm-ova-interaction-receuayntykglqtlz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sueldo CE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Steinleitner AJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lambert H","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5927-0433"}],"datePublished":"1986-01-01","abstract":"It has been demonstrated that PF contains some factor or factors that interfere with effective gamete interaction as determined by an in vitro animal assay. PF from patients with mild endometriosis has an increased activity of this substance and/or additional inhibitory factors. In endometriosis, this peritoneal fluid factor or factors appear to be filterable and to a significant degree heat-labile. This observation may be of importance in explaining subfertility associated with early stages of endometriosis.","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)59491-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46153096"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)59491-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3653427"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46153096"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/management-of-the-premenstrual-tension-syndromes-rationale-for-a-nutritional-app-recvqkwnceqhstj27/","name":"Management of the Premenstrual Tension Syndromes: Rationale for a Nutritional Approach","headline":"Management of the Premenstrual Tension Syndromes: Rationale for a Nutritional Approach","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/management-of-the-premenstrual-tension-syndromes-rationale-for-a-nutritional-app-recvqkwnceqhstj27/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"G E Abraham"}],"datePublished":"1986-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/functional-ultrastructure-of-gonadotropes-a-review-reclcwuwhq5btzlcb/","name":"Functional Ultrastructure of Gonadotropes: A Review","headline":"Functional Ultrastructure of Gonadotropes: A Review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/functional-ultrastructure-of-gonadotropes-a-review-reclcwuwhq5btzlcb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"G V Childs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3764-1373","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016tfm930"}}],"datePublished":"1986-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Current Topics in Neuroendocrinology"},"pageStart":"49","pageEnd":"97","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71461-0_2","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/978-3-642-71461-0_2"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/embryotoxicity-of-a-single-dose-of-medroxyprogesterone-acetate-mpa-and-maternal--recaxksxanqnwdxby/","name":"Embryotoxicity of a single dose of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) and maternal serum MPA concentrations in cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis)","headline":"Embryotoxicity of a single dose of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) and maternal serum MPA concentrations in cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/embryotoxicity-of-a-single-dose-of-medroxyprogesterone-acetate-mpa-and-maternal--recaxksxanqnwdxby/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S Prahalada","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4280-0009","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Davis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mark A. Cukierski","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Davis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Carroad","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Davis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A G Hendrickx","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Davis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69"}}],"datePublished":"1985-12-01","abstract":"A single dose of MPA (Depo-Provera; Upjohn Co., Kalamazoo, Michigan) was administered intramuscularly to 12 time-mated pregnant cynomolgus monkeys on day 27 (+/- 2) of gestation at 25 mg/kg or at 100 mg/kg. Maternal blood samples were collected immediately prior to MPA injection and then at regular intervals until cesarean section at term (day 152 +/- 3). Infants in both dose groups had external genital abnormalities. Female infants in the low-dose groups had partial or complete labial fusion, prominent median raphe, and clitoral hypertrophy; at high doses (100 mg/kg), the female infants had complete labial fusion and a distinct penile urethra. MPA had an opposite effect on external genitalia of male infants. The penis was short and the scrotal swelling was absent or less conspicuous, and two males had hypospadias. The adrenal glands were significantly smaller (P less than 0.05) in infants of both sexes treated with 100 mg/kg. One of the infants treated with 25 mg/kg of MPA had a muscular ventricular septal defect. Serum concentrations of MPA were determined by radioimmunoassay in eight pregnant monkeys. In the 25 mg/kg group the patterns of MPA profiles in the serum were similar in all four animals. An initial peak occurred at 24-48 hr postinjection (2.7-9.6 ng/ml), followed by a slight decrease at 3 days postinjection (gestational day 30), and then a steady increase to maximum levels of 10-14 ng/ml occurring between gestational days 37 and 50. Serum levels gradually declined to concentrations below 5 ng/ml by midgestation in three of four monkeys. By comparison, both the patterns and magnitude of MPA concentration showed great interanimal variation in the 100 mg/kg group. MPA was present in cord blood at measurable concentrations in infants at both dose groups; the levels ranged from 0.6 to 8.3 ng/ml, corresponding to 40-72% of the maternal concentrations. These results demonstrate that a single injection of MPA during early pregnancy causes selective embryotoxicity in both male and female fetuses. Presence of high levels of MPA in maternal sera during the critical period of genital development can cause specific genital defects; however, the exact mechanism by which MPA causes these paradoxical genital abnormalities is unknown.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Teratology"}}},"pageStart":"421","pageEnd":"432","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/tera.1420320312","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42203463"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/tera.1420320312"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2934853"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q42203463"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lactation-and-postpartum-infertility-the-use-effectiveness-of-natural-family-pla-recaoib8zselwjuoc/","name":"Lactation and postpartum infertility: the use-effectiveness of natural family  planning (NFP) after term pregnancy","headline":"Lactation and postpartum infertility: the use-effectiveness of natural family  planning (NFP) after term pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lactation-and-postpartum-infertility-the-use-effectiveness-of-natural-family-pla-recaoib8zselwjuoc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hatherley Li"}],"datePublished":"1985-12-01","abstract":"The use-effectiveness of natural methods of family planning in lactation is evaluated by comparing the incidence of unplanned pregnancies in a group of nursing mothers practising these methods with the incidences reported previously in surveys of breastfeeding women using no contraception. The complexity of the physiological processes involved in the resumption of ovulation after term pregnancy is discussed in relation to NFP and the problems encountered by its users in the context of normal family life. The serum prolactin and gonadotrophin levels are correlated with the postpartum interval and nursing status of the participants and discussed in relation to NFP after childbirth.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical Reproduction and Fertility"}}},"pageStart":"319","pageEnd":"334","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/neuropeptide-levels-in-premenstrual-syndrome-rectyulgnqe2qatad/","name":"Neuropeptide levels in premenstrual syndrome","headline":"Neuropeptide levels in premenstrual syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/neuropeptide-levels-in-premenstrual-syndrome-rectyulgnqe2qatad/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Cheng‐Ming Chuong","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mayo Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C B Coulam","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5920-791X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Houston Methodist","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027zt9171"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Vay Liang W. Go","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mayo Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E J Bergstralh","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mayo Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P C Kao","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mayo Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03"}}],"datePublished":"1985-12-01","abstract":"To determine whether changes in circulating levels of neuropeptides are associated with symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (PMS), 20 women with the diagnosis of PMS and 20 asymptomatic subjects were studied. The premenstrual beta-endorphin levels were significantly lower in PMS patients (P = 0.0001). The decrease in beta-endorphin levels during the luteal phase, compared with the follicular phase, in PMS patients was also significant (P = 0.0002). Neurotensin, human pancreatic peptide, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, gastrin, and bombesin-like immunoreactivity levels did not reveal significant changes between days 7 and 25 in patients with PMS.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"44","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"760","pageEnd":"765","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)49034-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69982368"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)49034-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2934273"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69982368"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-association-of-subclinical-infection-with-preterm-labor-the-role-of-c-reacti-recjer3ajnifrcyq2/","name":"The association of subclinical infection with preterm labor: the role of C-reactive protein","headline":"The association of subclinical infection with preterm labor: the role of C-reactive protein","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-association-of-subclinical-infection-with-preterm-labor-the-role-of-c-reacti-recjer3ajnifrcyq2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Atef H Moawad","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Chicago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K L Ponto","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Chicago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R K Potkul","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Chicago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28"}}],"datePublished":"1985-11-15","abstract":"The role of subclinical intrauterine infection in preterm labor was evaluated prospectively in 40 patients and appropriate control subjects. The 24 preterm labor patients (60%) with a negative C-reactive protein value responded to tocolysis 95.8% of the time, with a mean delay of delivery of 35.5 days and a mean gestational age of 36.9 weeks. The 16 patients (40%) with a positive C-reactive protein value responded to tocolysis only 37.5% of the time, with a mean delay of delivery of 14.4 days and a mean gestational age of 33.2 weeks. Pathologic evidence of chorioamnionitis was present in 32.9% of 310 preterm deliveries as compared to only 22.3% of 1631 term deliveries. The presence of subclinical infection must be considered in cases of preterm labor, especially among patients for whom tocolytic therapy is unsuccessful.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"153","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"642","pageEnd":"645","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9378(85)80249-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q53798697"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0002-9378(85)80249-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"4061533"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q53798697"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/embryotoxicity-and-maternal-serum-concentrations-of-medroxyprogesterone-acetate--receshdpr9ofo8azf/","name":"Embryotoxicity and maternal serum concentrations of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) in baboons (Papio cynocephalus)","headline":"Embryotoxicity and maternal serum concentrations of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) in baboons (Papio cynocephalus)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/embryotoxicity-and-maternal-serum-concentrations-of-medroxyprogesterone-acetate--receshdpr9ofo8azf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S Prahalada","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4280-0009","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Davis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A G Hendrickx","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Davis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Carroad","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Davis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69"}}],"datePublished":"1985-11-01","abstract":"A single dose of MPA (Depo-Provera; Upjohn Co.; USA) was administered intramuscularly on day 27 (+/- 2) of gestation to three dosage groups of pregnant baboons. The dosage expressed as mg/kg corresponded to 1 (2.5 mg/kg), 10 (25 mg/kg) and 40 (100 mg/kg) times the human contraceptive dose equivalent (HDE) based on body weight. Injectable MPA was not teratogenic in baboons at 1x HDE. The teratogenicity was confined to the higher doses which included malformations of the external genitalia at 10x and 40x HDE and adrenal gland hypoplasia at 40x HDE. The maternal serum MPA concentrations were high during the critical period of adrenal and genital development. The pattern of MPA concentrations in maternal sera was similar between animals in the low dose group (10x HDE). In contrast, animals in the high dose group (40x HDE) showed interanimal variations in maternal serum concentrations of MPA. This study has demonstrated that injectable MPA is not teratogenic in baboons at human contraceptive dose equivalent and, even at higher doses, does not result in any nontarget organ malformations.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"497","pageEnd":"515","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-7824(85)90020-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69985745"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0010-7824(85)90020-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2935368"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69985745"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evidence-for-an-increased-risk-of-crohns-disease-in-oral-contraceptive-users-reca7lm1p3brugveq/","name":"Evidence for an increased risk of Crohn's disease in oral contraceptive users","headline":"Evidence for an increased risk of Crohn's disease in oral contraceptive users","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evidence-for-an-increased-risk-of-crohns-disease-in-oral-contraceptive-users-reca7lm1p3brugveq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"D W Kaufman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2150-5070","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02nr3fr97"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lynn Rosenberg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0686-0485","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D R Miller","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7041-3340","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02nr3fr97"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S P Helmrich","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02nr3fr97"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S M Lesko","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pennsylvania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Shapiro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0181-3401","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pennsylvania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P D Stolley","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02nr3fr97"}}],"datePublished":"1985-11-01","abstract":"The risk of Crohn's disease in relation to oral contraceptive use was evaluated in a hospital-based, case-control study of 57 women with Crohn's disease and 2189 controls with other conditions. The relative risk for oral contraceptive users compared with women who had never used these drugs was 1.9 (95% confidence interval 1.0-3.5). The magnitude of the relative risk estimate was related to the timing and duration of oral contraceptive use. For use within the year before admission to a hospital (recent use), the relative risk estimate was 4.3 (2.1-8.7); the estimate dropped to 1.2 (0.5-2.6) 4 yr after discontinuation of oral contraceptive use. The relative risk estimate for recent use that lasted greater than or equal to 5 yr was 8.0 (3.1-21). The findings are in accordance with earlier reports of an increased risk of Crohn's disease in oral contraceptive users.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"89","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Gastroenterology"}}},"pageStart":"1046","pageEnd":"1049","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-5085(85)90207-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34200100"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0016-5085(85)90207-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"4043662"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34200100"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effects-of-spironolactone-on-adrenal-steroidogenesis-in-hirsute-women-rectykbkbsie9vqdg/","name":"The effects of spironolactone on adrenal steroidogenesis in hirsute women","headline":"The effects of spironolactone on adrenal steroidogenesis in hirsute women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effects-of-spironolactone-on-adrenal-steroidogenesis-in-hirsute-women-rectykbkbsie9vqdg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R A Lobo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1472-8313","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Serafini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5951-7498","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}}],"datePublished":"1985-11-01","abstract":"The effect of spironolactone on adrenal androgen and cortisol production was studied in six hirsute women. Hirsute women were evaluated before and 1 month after receiving 200 mg of spironolactone daily. Basal levels of serum androgens, 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP), cortisol (F), corticosteroid-binding globulin, and plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) were normal and did not change with therapy. The delta maximum (delta max) responses after dexamethasone suppression and ACTH administration of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), androstenedione (delta 4A), 17-hydroxypregnenolone, and 17-OHP were similar in hirsute women and ovulatory control subjects. After spironolactone administration, the delta max DHEA response was unchanged, whereas the delta max delta 4A response was decreased (P less than 0.05). The delta max ratios of DHEA/delta 4A and 17-OHP/delta 4A were significantly increased after spironolactone in hirsute women, which suggested inhibitions of 3 beta-ol-dehydrogenase-isomerase and delta 4 17,20 desmolase activities. A significant reduction in delta max F occurred after spironolactone administration (P less than 0.05). Although baseline 11-desoxycortisol (S) and the plasma S/ACTH ratio were unaltered, the delta max S/F ratio increased after treatment (P less than 0.01), suggesting an inhibition of 11 beta-hydroxylase activity. Inhibition of adrenal androgen production occurs with spironolactone, but only serum levels of delta 4A are decreased, whereas DHEA and its sulfate (DHEA-S) levels remain unchanged.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"44","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"595","pageEnd":"599","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)48972-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70105102"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)48972-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2996951"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70105102"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-endometrial-biopsy-for-diagnosis-of-luteal-phase-deficiency-rec8wvfmqzsrgfabf/","name":"The endometrial biopsy for diagnosis of luteal phase deficiency","headline":"The endometrial biopsy for diagnosis of luteal phase deficiency","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-endometrial-biopsy-for-diagnosis-of-luteal-phase-deficiency-rec8wvfmqzsrgfabf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J Balasch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0771-3746","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital Clínic de Barcelona","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02a2kzf50"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Creus","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital Clínic de Barcelona","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02a2kzf50"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jesús González-Merlo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0626-4993","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital Clínic de Barcelona","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02a2kzf50"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Manuel Márquez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0889-8647","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital Clínic de Barcelona","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02a2kzf50"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J A Vanrell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital Clínic de Barcelona","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02a2kzf50"}}],"datePublished":"1985-11-01","abstract":"We studied endometrial luteal phase in specimens from 660 biopsies done in 300 patients from our infertility clinic. A minimum of two (240 women) or three (60 women) endometrial biopsy specimens from separate cycles were taken regardless of the previous histologic findings in all patients. Statistical analysis of results by the McNemar and the Cochran Q tests for the significance of changes leads us to conclude that a minimum of two, and even three, endometrial biopsy specimens are needed for diagnosis of luteal phase deficiency.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"44","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"699","pageEnd":"701","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)48990-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q93631967"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)48990-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"4054350"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q93631967"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/bioavailability-of-oral-micronized-progesterone-reckuup5bi4sqxlz2/","name":"Bioavailability of oral micronized progesterone","headline":"Bioavailability of oral micronized progesterone","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/bioavailability-of-oral-micronized-progesterone-reckuup5bi4sqxlz2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J T Hargrove","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W S Maxson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74"}}],"datePublished":"1985-11-01","abstract":"Progesterone (P) has not been administered orally because of reportedly poor bioavailability and a rapid clearance rate. Unfortunately, the synthetic derivatives, although orally active, have a number of disadvantages and fail to mimic natural P completely. To investigate the bioavailability and short-term toxicity of oral micronized P, a standardized dose of 200 mg of micronized P was administered to nine healthy postmenopausal women and one male subject. Serial determinations of serum P concentrations demonstrated rapid absorption of P. Peak concentrations of P rose from a negligible baseline level to 17.0 +/- 4.9 ng/ml at an average of 2.8 +/- 0.35 hours after administration. The peak concentrations of P were equivalent to those observed in the midluteal phase in normal control cycles (14.1 +/- 2.7 ng/ml). All subjects exhibited significant elevation of P over baseline levels that persisted for at least 6 hours after the single oral dose and returned to initial levels by 24 hours. There was no significant change in estradiol, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, cortisol, aldosterone, lipids, or hepatic enzymes during the 24-hour study interval.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"44","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"622","pageEnd":"626","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-peritoneal-fluid-on-in-vitro-cleavage-of-2-cell-mouse-embryos-possible-recfudjp06txwpwb9/","name":"Effect of peritoneal fluid on in vitro cleavage of 2-cell mouse embryos: possible role in infertility associated with endometriosis","headline":"Effect of peritoneal fluid on in vitro cleavage of 2-cell mouse embryos: possible role in infertility associated with endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-peritoneal-fluid-on-in-vitro-cleavage-of-2-cell-mouse-embryos-possible-recfudjp06txwpwb9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R N Morcos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0634-1688","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Luke's Episcopal Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0195twz09"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"William E Gibbons","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9619-3331","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jones Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01g73y611"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W E Findley","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Luke's Episcopal Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0195twz09"}}],"datePublished":"1985-11-01","abstract":"The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of peritoneal fluid (PF) on in vitro cleavage of 2-cell mouse embryos. PF was aspirated from the posterior cul-de-sac at laparoscopy and centrifuged, and the cell-free supernatant was heat-inactivated at 56 degrees C for 30 minutes and filtered (0.22 micron). Five percent PF in Ham's F-10 media was prepared and eight to ten 2-cell mouse embryos cultured for 72 hours. There were two study groups, one consisting of 10 PF samples from infertile patients with no endometriosis (PF-NE) and 18 from infertile patients with endometriosis (PF-E). Each sample was assayed along with a control consisting of media only. At 72 hours, greater than 50% of the embryos in the control groups reached the blastocyst and hatching stages. Individual PF samples in both study groups were classified as toxic if less than 50% of the embryos reached the blastocyst and hatching stages at 72 hours. Eight of the 10 samples in the PF-NE group were nontoxic and 14 of the 18 samples in the PF-E group were toxic (P less than 0.01). For evaluation of the overall effect of PF, all results in the PF-E group were pooled (162 embryos) and compared by the Mann-Whitney U test to pooled results in the PF-NE group (100 embryos). The embryonic stages in the PF-NE group were significantly more advanced than those in the PF-E group (P less than 0.001) at 24, 48, and 72 hours.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"44","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"678","pageEnd":"683","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)48987-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q93631959"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)48987-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"4054347"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q93631959"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/failure-of-intraperitoneal-adjuncts-to-improve-the-outcome-of-pelvic-operations--recup0a84cphwig1u/","name":"Failure of intraperitoneal adjuncts to improve the outcome of pelvic operations in young women","headline":"Failure of intraperitoneal adjuncts to improve the outcome of pelvic operations in young women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/failure-of-intraperitoneal-adjuncts-to-improve-the-outcome-of-pelvic-operations--recup0a84cphwig1u/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R P Jansen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Prince Alfred Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05gpvde20"}}],"datePublished":"1985-10-15","abstract":"An examination was made of the possibility that 100 to 200 ml of intraperitoneal 32% dextran 70 and/or 0.5% hydrocortisone sodium succinate (randomized independently with similar volumes of Ringer's lactate solution) might help to lessen the postoperative formation of adhesions among patients undergoing surgical procedures for peritubal adhesions (n = 76), endometriosis (n = 27), or midtubal occlusion (n = 61). Patients in the first two groups who were given intraperitoneal corticosteroids were also given systemic steroids. Nonparametric comparison of median adhesion scores at operation and at subsequent laparoscopy showed that there was a poorer outcome with dextran than when dextran was not used in every subgroup except one (repeat salpingolysis after previous operation for adhesions), including first operations for adnexal adhesions (Mann-Whitney U = 200, m = 23, n = 26; p less than 0.05). The probability was small (p beta less than 0.002) that an important beneficial effect of dextran was overlooked. Systemic corticosteroids were associated with a consistent trend toward improved outcome, especially in patients who initially had few or no adhesions, such as those operated on for endometriosis (U = 2, m = 7, n = 4; p less than 0.025), but among patients with tubal resections and anastomoses with adnexal adhesions the use of intraperitoneal hydrocortisone alone was associated with a worse outcome (U = 15, m = 12, n = 8; p less than 0.02). Life-table analysis of the accumulating probability of pregnancy showed that no significant difference resulted from adjunct use in any group. The conclusion is that no empiric basis supports the use of intraperitoneal 32% dextran 70 or 0.5% hydrocortisone in the attempt to prevent peritoneal adhesions, but further investigations on the systemic administration of corticosteroids to decrease the formation of adhesions would be useful.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"153","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"363","pageEnd":"371","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(85)90072-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43767032"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(85)90072-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2413761"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43767032"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-longterm-therapy-with-naltrexone-on-body-weight-in-obesity-ln1mlxid/","name":"Effects of long-term therapy with naltrexone on body weight in obesity","headline":"Effects of long-term therapy with naltrexone on body weight in obesity","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-longterm-therapy-with-naltrexone-on-body-weight-in-obesity-ln1mlxid/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Atkinson RL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Berke LK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Drake CR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bibbs ML"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Williams FL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kaiser DL"}],"datePublished":"1985-10-01","abstract":"The endogenous opiate system is thought to be associated with the regulation of food intake and body weight. Opiate antagonists decrease food intake in animals, but there are no controlled studies in obese man to evaluate body weight response to naltrexone. Sixty obese people were randomized into three groups and given 0, 50, or 100 mg of the opiate antagonist naltrexone for 8 weeks in an outpatient, double-blind study. Weight loss was not significant in either the 50 or 100 mg groups as compared with placebo. However, when broken down by sex, women had a significant (P less than 0.05) weight loss of 1.7 kg, while men did not lose weight. Side effects were modest, but six subjects had one or more abnormal liver function test results; in one subject these abnormalities appeared to be clinically significant. The effects of naltrexone on weight loss were less than expected in light of prior animal studies, but further studies with a wider dose range of naltrexone may be indicated.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"38","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics"}}},"pageStart":"419","pageEnd":"422","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1038/clpt.1985.197","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/clpt.1985.197"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sensory-neuropathy-with-low-dose-pyridoxine-recjkniu2xcwc2c6q/","name":"Sensory neuropathy with low-dose pyridoxine","headline":"Sensory neuropathy with low-dose pyridoxine","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sensory-neuropathy-with-low-dose-pyridoxine-recjkniu2xcwc2c6q/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"G. Parry","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7975-4803","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D E Bredesen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9395-8263","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}}],"datePublished":"1985-10-01","abstract":"We describe 16 patients with neuropathy associated with pyridoxine abuse. The clinical picture of a pure sensory central-peripheral distal axonopathy was consistent. Pyridoxine dose was 0.2 to 5 g/d, and duration of consumption before symptoms was inversely proportional to the daily intake. In all patients with adequate follow-up, improvement followed discontinuation of pyridoxine. The ready availability of up to 1-gram tablets makes it likely that this neuropathy will continue to be seen.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"35","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Neurology"}}},"pageStart":"1466","pageEnd":"1468","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.35.10.1466","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34564609"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1212/wnl.35.10.1466"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2993949"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34564609"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/systemic-lupus-erythematosus-and-reproductive-function-a-case-control-study-recmfnc2szjispm9v/","name":"Systemic lupus erythematosus and reproductive function: a case-control study","headline":"Systemic lupus erythematosus and reproductive function: a case-control study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/systemic-lupus-erythematosus-and-reproductive-function-a-case-control-study-recmfnc2szjispm9v/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"David A Grimes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2115-1866","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0130frc33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K R Grimes","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"United States Public Health Service","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xf94514"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S A LeBolt","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Emory University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P A Wingo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"United States Public Health Service","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05xf94514"}}],"datePublished":"1985-09-15","abstract":"Systemic lupus erythematosus characteristically afflicts women of reproductive age, yet the explanation for this feature is unknown. This hospital-based, case-control study of 109 incident cases of systemic lupus erythematosus and 109 randomly selected controls was conducted to search for risk factors related to reproduction. Women who were 34 years of age and younger had a crude risk of systemic lupus erythematosus 3.6 times that of older women, and women who were of minority races had a crude risk 4.8 times that of white women (P less than 0.001). Prior hysterectomy or tubal sterilization had a significant protective effect (odds ratio, 0.55; 95% confidence interval, 0.31 to 0.99). Endometriosis was associated with a twofold increased risk of systemic lupus erythematosus, although this was not statistically significant. The latter two findings are consistent with the hypothesis that retrograde menstruation may be an inciting factor for systemic lupus erythematosus in susceptible women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"153","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"179","pageEnd":"186","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(85)90108-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41503358"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(85)90108-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"4037012"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41503358"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/body-weight-and-the-initiation-of-puberty-rhdmmwh6/","name":"Body weight and the initiation of puberty","headline":"Body weight and the initiation of puberty","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/body-weight-and-the-initiation-of-puberty-rhdmmwh6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Baker ER"}],"datePublished":"1985-09-01","abstract":"The onset and progression through the various stages of puberty are influenced by a number of factors (Fig. 2). In both animals and humans, the age of puberty appears to be related more to body weight than to chronologic age. Undernutrition and low body fat, or an altered ratio of lean mass to body fat, seem to delay the adolescent spurt and to retard the onset of menarche. According to Frisch, a minimum level of fatness (17% of body weight) is associated with menarche; however, a heavier minimum weight for height, representing an increased amount of body fat (22%), appears necessary for the onset and maintenance of regular menstrual cycles in girls over 16 years of age. This critical amount of body fat implies that a particular body composition, in addition to other environmental and psychosocial factors, is important in triggering and maintaining the pubertal process.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"28","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"573","pageEnd":"9","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/00003081-198528030-00013","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47220752"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/00003081-198528030-00013"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"4053451"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47220752"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-after-pregnancy-a-problem-for-women-with-previously-irre-recawyksszo32xdfl/","name":"Natural family planning after pregnancy. A problem for women with previously irregular menstrual cycles","headline":"Natural family planning after pregnancy. A problem for women with previously irregular menstrual cycles","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-after-pregnancy-a-problem-for-women-with-previously-irre-recawyksszo32xdfl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hatherley Li"}],"datePublished":"1985-09-01","abstract":"A prospective six-year study (1975-1980) of 273 patients, monitored in the use of natural family planning (NFP), has shown that those with previously irregular menstrual cycles are disadvantaged in the subsequent use of the ovulation method after pregnancy in that they have fewer recognizable safe days and/or are more likely to have unplanned pregnancies than women who had regular cycles prior to pregnancy. Eight patients, seven nursing and one non-nursing mother, conceived during postpartum amenorrhoea. The reliability of memory in the recall of previous menstrual histories is discussed in relation to the results of an international study of menstrual cycles by the World Health Organization (WHO 1983). The relevance of prediction of menstrual events in natural family planning is also considered.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical reproduction and fertility"}}},"pageStart":"197","pageEnd":"203","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52205248","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"4084891"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q52205248"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/treatment-of-habitual-abortion-with-human-chorionic-gonadotropin-results-of-open-recgybj852gqgwn2a/","name":"Treatment of habitual abortion with human chorionic gonadotropin: results of open and placebo-controlled studies","headline":"Treatment of habitual abortion with human chorionic gonadotropin: results of open and placebo-controlled studies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/treatment-of-habitual-abortion-with-human-chorionic-gonadotropin-results-of-open-recgybj852gqgwn2a/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R F Harrison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9323-8637","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rotunda Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05t4vgv93"}}],"datePublished":"1985-09-01","abstract":"Human chorionic gonadotropin was administered intramuscularly in an open study of 32 women whose last three pregnancies had ended in spontaneous abortion. An initial dosage of 10 000 iu on earliest diagnosis of pregnancy was followed up by 5000 IU twice weekly up to wk 12, then once weekly up to wk 16. Only 2 of the 32 patients aborted (6.2%). Using the same regime a further 20 habitual aborters were randomly allocated double-blind to either hCG or placebo. All 10 women on active therapy continued (100%) compared with only 3 on placebo (30%) (P less than 0.01). These results suggest that hCG should be considered as treatment in women with habitual abortion where other specific causes have been ruled out and a potentially treatable hormonal imbalance surmised.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"20","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology"}}},"pageStart":"159","pageEnd":"168","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0028-2243(85)90015-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69913181"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0028-2243(85)90015-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3902523"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69913181"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-repetition-of-spontaneous-preterm-labour-recs8lcp8o4hflom6/","name":"The repetition of spontaneous preterm labour","headline":"The repetition of spontaneous preterm labour","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-repetition-of-spontaneous-preterm-labour-recs8lcp8o4hflom6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"ROY A. CARR‐HILL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R A Carr-Hill"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M H Hall","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Aberdeen Regional Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052nzzz22"}}],"datePublished":"1985-09-01","abstract":"The likelihood of repetition of preterm birth after spontaneous onset of labour has been studied in 6572 reproductive careers after excluding stillbirths, multiple births, all careers in which any labour had been induced, and all careers in which the gestation length in any pregnancy was not certain. The analysis was controlled not only for pregnancy number, but for the nature of the reproductive outcomes. In most reproductive sequences there was a weak correlation between the gestation in one pregnancy and subsequent ones. The risk of preterm birth was tripled after one previous preterm birth with or without a preceding abortion, and increased six-fold after two previous preterm births. However, the attributable risk was low, and most multiparae with preterm births did not have a previous history.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"92","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"921","pageEnd":"928","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1985.tb03071.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q53693445"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1471-0528.1985.tb03071.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"4041398"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q53693445"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/protective-effects-of-progesterone-and-tamoxifen-in-estrogen-induced-mammary-car-rec6q0hczcfkugya1/","name":"Protective effects of progesterone and tamoxifen in estrogen-induced mammary carcinogenesis in ovariectomized W/Fu rats","headline":"Protective effects of progesterone and tamoxifen in estrogen-induced mammary carcinogenesis in ovariectomized W/Fu rats","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/protective-effects-of-progesterone-and-tamoxifen-in-estrogen-induced-mammary-car-rec6q0hczcfkugya1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Inoh A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kamiya K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fujii Y"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yokoro K"}],"datePublished":"1985-08-01","abstract":"The protective effect of progesterone or tamoxifen, an antiestrogenic agent, was investigated in estrogen-induced mammary carcinogenesis. Multiple mammary tumors (MT) of tubular or medullary carcinoma type developed at a high rate following prolonged treatment of ovariectomized W/Fu rats with diethylstilbestrol or 17 beta-estradiol. All MTs were located adjacent to the nipple and were slow-growing. The induction rate, multiplicity and size of estrogen-induced MTs were reduced by the simultaneous administration of either progesterone or tamoxifen. The estrogen-induced pituitary tumorigenesis was effectively inhibited by tamoxifen treatment, but it was not affected by progesterone. The results indicated that the inhibitory effect of progesterone or tamoxifen in estrogen-induced carcinogenesis is attributable to interference with the binding of estrogen to the estrogen receptors on the target cells.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"76","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Japanese Journal of Cancer Research : Gann"}}},"pageStart":"699","pageEnd":"704","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/initial-evaluation-of-an-ambulatory-system-for-home-monitoring-and-transmission--recuma3pqgn7umowl/","name":"Initial evaluation of an ambulatory system for home monitoring and transmission of uterine activity data","headline":"Initial evaluation of an ambulatory system for home monitoring and transmission of uterine activity data","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/initial-evaluation-of-an-ambulatory-system-for-home-monitoring-and-transmission--recuma3pqgn7umowl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"P J Gill","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Katz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9817-4839","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57"}}],"datePublished":"1985-08-01","abstract":"A system capable of ambulatory home monitoring of uterine activity and data transmission was evaluated in a group of pregnant patients. The evaluation focused on three questions: 1) Is the information as reliable as that obtained by the current stationary monitors; 2) Does the information obtained by the tested system relate to that obtained by direct intrauterine pressure measurements; and 3) Is the system simple enough to be used by the unsupervised gravida at home? The results indicate that the tested system can provide reliable information about uterine activity in ambulatory patients. A good correlation between the intensity of contractions and the recording of uterine activity by this system could be demonstrated, particularly in the presence of mild to moderate contractions. The tested monitor proved to be simple to use even in the untrained gravida. Additional studies to determine the role of ambulatory home monitoring of uterine activity in patients with cervical cerclage, placenta previa, and preterm labor will need to be performed to establish its role in current obstetric practice.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"66","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"273","pageEnd":"277","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-five-year-experience-with-terbutaline-for-preterm-labor-low-rate-of-severe-sid-recmyd5aear1oxahi/","name":"A five-year experience with terbutaline for preterm labor: low rate of severe side effects","headline":"A five-year experience with terbutaline for preterm labor: low rate of severe side effects","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-five-year-experience-with-terbutaline-for-preterm-labor-low-rate-of-severe-sid-recmyd5aear1oxahi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ingemarsson I"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bengtsson B"}],"datePublished":"1985-08-01","abstract":"The medical records of 330 patients treated with terbutaline infusion for the inhibition of preterm labor were reviewed over a five-year period. In patients with intact membranes the results were uniformly good, particularly when treatment was instituted before the 30th week. Half these patients had a prolonged labor of six weeks or more; in most cases of treatment failure complications already existed on admission. In only nine patients (2.7%) terbutaline treatment was stopped due to side effects: predominantly maternal tachycardia or vomiting. Two patients had chest symptoms, but in no case was pulmonary edema diagnosed. The results suggested that a low incidence of severe side effects can be obtained if the following precautions are taken: glucose is used as the infusion medium, instead of sodium chloride; concentrated solutions are given to avoid fluid overload; the patients are carefully controlled; and the infusion is immediately reduced or stopped if signs of severe side effects appear.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"66","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"176","pageEnd":"180","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/early-luteal-serum-progesterone-concentrations-are-higher-in-pregnancy-cycles-reccim5f1xjavhdhb/","name":"Early luteal serum progesterone concentrations are higher in pregnancy cycles","headline":"Early luteal serum progesterone concentrations are higher in pregnancy cycles","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/early-luteal-serum-progesterone-concentrations-are-higher-in-pregnancy-cycles-reccim5f1xjavhdhb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J L Yovich","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9583-3683","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Western Australia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047272k79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Phillip Matson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7883-1336","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Western Australia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047272k79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S C McColm","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Western Australia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047272k79"}}],"datePublished":"1985-08-01","abstract":"In a consecutive series of 167 patients reaching the stage of embryo transfer after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer, 19 clinical pregnancies ensued. The serum progesterone (P) levels were significantly greater on the first and second (P less than 0.01) and third (P less than 0.05) postaspiration days for those who conceived. Higher circulating levels of P were achieved on days 1, 2, and 3 (P less than 0.05) by the daily injection of P, 50 mg in oil, given for 5 consecutive days, beginning immediately after follicle aspiration. Both pregnancy and nonpregnancy cycles demonstrated high circulating P levels, but the study implies that relatively higher levels are required for conception, and such levels can be achieved by the use of intramuscular P.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"44","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"185","pageEnd":"189","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)48733-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69954431"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)48733-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3926544"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69954431"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evidence-for-a-hypothalamic-site-of-action-of-clomiphene-citrate-in-women-rech3yxhrb78vagpg/","name":"Evidence for a hypothalamic site of action of clomiphene citrate in women","headline":"Evidence for a hypothalamic site of action of clomiphene citrate in women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evidence-for-a-hypothalamic-site-of-action-of-clomiphene-citrate-in-women-rech3yxhrb78vagpg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Liu JH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S. S. C. YEN","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J F Kerin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen Elizabeth Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x362k69"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jueli Liu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5815-2483","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zhejiang A & F University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vj4rn06"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Phillipou","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48"}}],"datePublished":"1985-08-01","abstract":"To examine the site of action of clomiphene citrate (CC), LH and FSH pulsatile amplitude, frequency, and responsiveness to GnRH (10 micrograms, iv) were studied in 11 women during the early follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. Six women received CC (150 mg/day) on cycle days 2, 3, and 4, while 5 women received placebo tablets. Blood samples were drawn at 10-min intervals for 8 h before and after the treatment regimen on cycle days 2 and 5, respectively. All women treated with CC had multiple follicular development, as determined by ultrasound. Peripheral levels of estradiol did not change after CC treatment, while progesterone levels decreased slightly. Mean levels of LH increased from 7.5 +/- 0.9 (+/- SEM) to 10.7 +/- 1.4 mIU/ml (P less than 0.05), and FSH increased from 6.7 +/- 0.9 to 10.1 +/- 0.9 mIU/ml (P less than 0.01). After exposure to CC, the pulse frequency of LH during an 8-h period increased significantly (3.3 +/- 0.7 on day 2 vs. 6.8 +/- 0.8 on day 5; P less than 0.01), while the pulse frequency of FSH increased from 3.8 +/- 0.6 to 5 +/- 1.4, as determined by computer pulse analyses. The pulse amplitude of LH and FSH was not significantly altered. In the placebo-treated group, neither pulse amplitude nor pulse frequency changed significantly between cycle days 2 and 5. Pituitary sensitivity to exogenous GnRH did not change after CC treatment. Since the pulsatile frequency of LH is governed by hypothalamic influences, these findings provide compelling evidence for a hypothalamic site of action for CC, probably by inducing an increase in the frequency of GnRH secretion.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"61","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"265","pageEnd":"268","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-61-2-265","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48466054"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jcem-61-2-265"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3924949"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q48466054"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gonadal-steroids-in-athletic-women-contraception-complications-and-performance-rec6o2hg5niwbejeq/","name":"Gonadal steroids in athletic women contraception, complications and performance","headline":"Gonadal steroids in athletic women contraception, complications and performance","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gonadal-steroids-in-athletic-women-contraception-complications-and-performance-rec6o2hg5niwbejeq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y M Vigna","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8840-192X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"1985-07-01","abstract":"Gonadal steroids are altered by the reproductive system's adaptation to conditioning exercise. Contraceptive options for the athletic woman include all measures appropriate for the sedentary woman. Barrier methods (always with spermicidal jelly) are the preferred choice. The cardiovascular risks, decreased aerobic performance, and shorter time to muscular exhaustion related to oral contraceptives make this a less desirable option. Potential complications from the steroid changes of intense exercise include: low oestrogen and progesterone with risk of loss of trabecular bone and early osteoporosis, and absent progesterone with low normal oestrogen levels associated with risk of endometrial or breast cancer. Therapeutic options for the amenorrhoeic or young athlete include supplemental oral calcium, cyclic oral progesterone, or possibly cyclic physiological oestrogen and progesterone. The anovulatory (usually older) athlete with regular menses needs cyclic progesterone. Medroxyprogesterone 10mg on days 16 to 25 of the cycle or for 10 days monthly can potentially prevent endometrial and breast cancer, give predictable cycles, improve trabecular bone balance and stimulate the return of ovulatory cycles. A practical approach to anovulatory infertility in the athlete includes a 10% reduction in exercise intensity and/or an increase in percentage body fat to 18 to 20%. Cyclic vaginal progesterone (25mg bid) can then treat short luteal phase cycles. With improved understanding of the hormonal adaptations to conditioning exercise, we will be better able to outline contraceptive and therapeutic options in the future.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Sports Med"}}},"pageStart":"287","pageEnd":"295","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-198502040-00006","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41380937"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2165/00007256-198502040-00006"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3849058"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41380937"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-in-the-male-recg3bregt17lpq4d/","name":"Endometriosis in the male","headline":"Endometriosis in the male","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-in-the-male-recg3bregt17lpq4d/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Miller JM Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hauck AE"}],"datePublished":"1985-07-01","abstract":"An 83-year-old man with an endometrioma of the lower abdominal wall has been reported. This occurred following the administration of 25 mg of TACE for a period of about 10 years for what was thought to be carcinoma of the prostate. A second transurethral resection done by Dr. R. C. Thompson proved to be adenocarcinoma. Subsequent to this he was continued on TACE. A review of the more commonly accepted theories of the development of endometriosis in the female has been presented. It is pointed out that the separation between the male and female urogenital systems occurs in the embryo between the eighth week and the fourth month. There is always a possibility for remnants of the opposite sex to remain in individuals. No such was seen in the case which is herein reported. Normal phenotype male was demonstrated in the chromosomal evaluation. A review of the literature on endometriosis in the male reveals several cases which have occurred; the origin of which is though to be from the prostatic utricle which is a remnant of the uterus existing in the male. After a prolonged course the patient reported was followed until he died in 1979. There was no recurrence of the abdominal wall mass but persistent low grade carcinoma of the prostate remained. The terminal process was related to cardiovascular disease and not carcinoma of the prostate. There was delay in publication of this unusual case. The original plan was to await final confirmation of the exact pathologic nature of this condition; unfortunately this was never done since a postmortem examination was not performed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"51","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The American Surgeon"}}},"pageStart":"426","pageEnd":"430","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fetal-malformations-following-progesterone-therapy-during-pregnancy-a-preliminar-rect7yobdh2eg25yv/","name":"Fetal malformations following progesterone therapy during pregnancy: a preliminary report","headline":"Fetal malformations following progesterone therapy during pregnancy: a preliminary report","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fetal-malformations-following-progesterone-therapy-during-pregnancy-a-preliminar-rect7yobdh2eg25yv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J A Rock","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9970-8417","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kimball AW Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Allyn W. Kimball","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Howard A. Zacur","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sheila Early","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K A Cole","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G S Jones","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A C Wentz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74"}}],"datePublished":"1985-07-01","abstract":"This report presents the outcome of pregnancies of 93 women who conceived while taking progesterone (P) suppositories (n = 42) or P in oil intramuscularly (n = 51). The dosage and duration of treatment varied according to the indication. The total dose (in milligrams) increased with the duration of treatment and ranged from 75 to 13,500 mg. Two of 75 term pregnancies (2.6%) were noted to have congenital anomalies. Both women had been treated with P in oil. No patient treated with P suppositories gave birth to a malformed infant. An increased spontaneous abortion rate (28.6%) was noted among women treated with P suppositories. The authors recommend that a national registry be created to document fetal outcome after P therapy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"44","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"17","pageEnd":"19","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)48670-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54278698"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)48670-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"4007191"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q54278698"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/maternal-serum-folate-and-vitamin-b12-concentrations-in-pregnancies-associated-w-mqojb30f/","name":"Maternal serum folate and vitamin B12 concentrations in pregnancies associated with neural tube defects","headline":"Maternal serum folate and vitamin B12 concentrations in pregnancies associated with neural tube defects","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/maternal-serum-folate-and-vitamin-b12-concentrations-in-pregnancies-associated-w-mqojb30f/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Molloy AM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kirke P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hillary I"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Weir DG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Scott JM"}],"datePublished":"1985-07-01","abstract":"Serum folate and vitamin B12 concentrations in early pregnancy were compared for 32 mothers with pregnancies affected by neural tube defects and 395 randomly selected pregnant control women from the same maternity hospitals. No significant differences were found between the affected mothers and the controls in the median values and frequency distributions of either vitamin. Sixteen of the samples from mothers whose infants had neural tube defects were taken between 9 and 13 weeks' gestation and 11 of these had both serum folate and vitamin B12 concentrations within the normal ranges for our laboratory. These findings are discussed in relation to the concept of folate deficiency as a major factor in the aetiology of neural tube defects.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"60","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Archives of disease in childhood"}}},"pageStart":"660","pageEnd":"5","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/adc.60.7.660","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35601924"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/adc.60.7.660"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"4026363"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35601924"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/neuroendocrinology-of-opioid-peptides-and-their-role-in-the-control-of-gonadotro-recnjiidvdjpxzvkt/","name":"Neuroendocrinology of opioid peptides and their role in the control of gonadotropin and prolactin secretion","headline":"Neuroendocrinology of opioid peptides and their role in the control of gonadotropin and prolactin secretion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/neuroendocrinology-of-opioid-peptides-and-their-role-in-the-control-of-gonadotro-recnjiidvdjpxzvkt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S. S. C. YEN","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M E Quigley","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R L Reid","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6448-3166","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J F Ropert","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N S Cetel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9160-0500","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48"}}],"datePublished":"1985-06-15","abstract":"Substantial evidence now exists to indicate that the endogenous hypothalamic opioidergic mechanism(s) represents one of the important controlling systems for release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Modulations of frequency and amplitude of the secretory activity of gonadotropin-releasing hormone appears to be mediated through an inhibitory action of endogenous opioids, and the functional coupling of the opioidergic and gonadotropin-releasing hormone systems is an ovarian steroid-dependent event. There is also evidence to implicate suprahypothalamic mechanism(s) that enhance endogenous opioid inhibition of secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Although exogenous opioid peptides and their synthetic analogs consistently induce the secretion of prolactin, blockade of opioid receptors in humans by naloxone failed to elicit a decrement in the levels of prolactin under a variety of conditions. On the contrary, naloxone induced a remarkable increment in the secretion of prolactin via an increased frequency of pulsatile release which is synchronized with pulses of luteinizing hormone. These observations suggest that a common neuroendocrine mechanism is involved in the opioidergic control of the secretion of both luteinizing hormone and prolactin in women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"152","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"485","pageEnd":"493","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9378(85)80162-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39495097"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0002-9378(85)80162-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2990210"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39495097"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-assessment-of-ovulation-by-a-combination-of-ultrasound-and-detailed-serial-h-recpidgcqodvctdxo/","name":"The assessment of ovulation by a combination of ultrasound and detailed serial hormone profiles in 35 women with long-standing unexplained infertility","headline":"The assessment of ovulation by a combination of ultrasound and detailed serial hormone profiles in 35 women with long-standing unexplained infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-assessment-of-ovulation-by-a-combination-of-ultrasound-and-detailed-serial-h-recpidgcqodvctdxo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C. J. Chandler","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5686-4602","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Salford Royal Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027rkpb34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Oak","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5584-1702","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Manchester","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D C Anderson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Manchester","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Chandler","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9785-4528","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University College London Institute of Child Health"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Petsos","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Manchester","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W A Ratcliffe","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Manchester","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Wood","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7804-0529","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Salford","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01tmqtf75"}}],"datePublished":"1985-06-01","abstract":"We have examined for the presence of subtle hormonal abnormalities in women with long-standing unexplained infertility. For a full cycle serum LH, FSH, progesterone and oestradiol levels were measured about three times a week, and serial ultrasound scans of the ovaries made until the time of apparent ovulation. The results on 45 cycles in 35 women with unexplained infertility and in three normal volunteers are presented. Normal ovulatory cycles were defined by a length of 26-32 d, and progressive follicular maturation followed by disappearance or abrupt reduction in size of a follicle within 48 h of the recorded LH peak, followed by progressive and sustained rise in serum progesterone levels to more than 25 nmol/l and a luteal phase length of greater than or equal to 13 d. Thirty spontaneous cycles (28 women) were clearly normal while 15 spontaneous cycles (12 women) were abnormal. Abnormalities included luteinization of an unruptured follicle (eight cycles), absence of follicular development (two cycles), poor follicular development (two cycles), persistence of a large ovarian cyst from the preceeding cycle (two cycles) and one aluteal cycle. Six of the abnormal cycles were characterized hormonally by inappropriate elevation of serum LH levels throughout. If this study had been based only on serial ultrasound scans, all results on abnormal cycles might have been misinterpreted. If it had been conducted only with (multiple) progesterone determinations and the level of greater than 25 nmol/l had been taken as indicative of ovulation nine clearly abnormal cycles would have been considered as normal. We conclude that the combination of the hormonal and ultrasound assessment of ovulation increases our confidence for confirmation of normality and reveals various ovulatory disorders which are possibly due to an endocrinological defect or defects.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"739","pageEnd":"751","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2265.1985.tb00164.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69953813"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1365-2265.1985.tb00164.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3926351"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69953813"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/spironolactone-in-combination-drug-therapy-for-unresponsive-hirsutism-recnwachmibr3ue7a/","name":"Spironolactone in combination drug therapy for unresponsive hirsutism","headline":"Spironolactone in combination drug therapy for unresponsive hirsutism","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/spironolactone-in-combination-drug-therapy-for-unresponsive-hirsutism-recnwachmibr3ue7a/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"W S Maxson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D E Pittaway","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04v8djg66"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A C Wentz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74"}}],"datePublished":"1985-06-01","abstract":"Clinical and laboratory evaluations of nine hirsute women were performed for determination the efficacy of combination drug therapy. Each patient had previously failed to respond to single drug therapy with oral contraceptives (OC), dexamethasone (DEX), or spironolactone (S) and received S (100 to 150 mg) and either an OC (mestranol, 0.05 to 0.08 mg, and norethindrone, 1 mg) or DEX (0.5 mg) daily. Total testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, free testosterone, and sex-hormone-binding globulin were measured before therapy and 4 to 6 weeks after initiation of therapy and were compared with the responses to OC (n = 7), DEX (n = 8), and S (n = 6). A satisfactory clinical response in the rate of hair growth was defined as at least a doubling of the time interval between adjunctive therapies (electrolysis, shaving, or bleaching) and patient satisfaction with treatment. The responses of the androgenic parameters were not statistically different between combination and single drug therapy. Although all patients noted a subjective improvement in hair growth, eight of nine fulfilled the criteria for a clinical response (P less than 0.001). Transient diuresis was the only side effect noted. The study suggests that combination drug therapy is an efficacious and well-tolerated approach to the management of unresponsive hirsutism.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"43","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"878","pageEnd":"882","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-and-the-premenstrual-syndrome-a-double-blind-crossover-trial-recpf8s8vfct9r6k7/","name":"Progesterone and the premenstrual syndrome: a double blind crossover trial","headline":"Progesterone and the premenstrual syndrome: a double blind crossover trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-and-the-premenstrual-syndrome-a-double-blind-crossover-trial-recpf8s8vfct9r6k7/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"James B. Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7414-6809","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Melbourne","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Matthew A. Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1271-7271","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Southern Regional Area Health Education Centers","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ptehc98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G D Burrows","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vsvr128"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Dennerstein","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03grnna41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Gotts","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Melbourne","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1406-4251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Miranda Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9372-1381","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Pathology, Southern Regional Area Health Education Center, Fayetteville, North Carolina, USA.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0036ate90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Spencer-Gardner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2901-2121","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0036ate90"}}],"datePublished":"1985-06-01","abstract":"A double blind, randomised, crossover trial of oral micronised progesterone (two months) and placebo (two months) was conducted to determine whether progesterone alleviated premenstrual complaints. Twenty three women were interviewed premenstrually before treatment and in each month of treatment. They completed Moos's menstrual distress questionnaire, Beck et al's depression inventory, Spielberger et al's state anxiety inventory, the mood adjective checklist, and a daily symptom record. Analyses of data found an overall beneficial effect of being treated for all variables except restlessness, positive moods, and interest in sex. Maximum improvement occurred in the first month of treatment with progesterone. Nevertheless, an appreciably beneficial effect of progesterone over placebo for mood and some physical symptoms was identifiable after both one and two months of treatment. Further studies are needed to determine the optimum duration of treatment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"290","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6482","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British Medical Journal (Clinical Research Ed.)"}}},"pageStart":"1617","pageEnd":"1621","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.290.6482.1617","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34484972"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj.290.6482.1617"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3924191"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34484972"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/teratogenicity-of-progestogens-given-during-the-first-trimester-of-pregnancy-recpweftnqbh1slin/","name":"Teratogenicity of progestogens given during the first trimester of pregnancy","headline":"Teratogenicity of progestogens given during the first trimester of pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/teratogenicity-of-progestogens-given-during-the-first-trimester-of-pregnancy-recpweftnqbh1slin/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Skornik J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chemke J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Klinberg M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Z Katz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2871-8781","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaplan Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t0n9020"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Lancet","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaplan Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t0n9020"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B M Mogilner"}],"datePublished":"1985-06-01","abstract":"Possible teratogenic effects of exogenous progestational agents given during early pregnancy were investigated by a controlled historic prospective study of 2754 infants born to mothers who had bled during the first trimester of pregnancy. The study group consisted of 1608 newborns whose mothers had been treated with progestogens (mostly medroxyprogesterone acetate) beginning in the first trimester. The control group comprised 1146 infants of untreated mothers. All newborns were subjected to thorough examination during the first days of life, with special attention to detection of various malformations classified according to the different anatomic systems. No significant difference was found between the treated and the control groups with respect to malformations in any of the systems examined. The overall rate of malformations was 120 per 1000 in the study group and 123.9 per 1000 in the control group. Major malformations occurred at rates of 63.4 and 71.5 per 1000, respectively. The study thus fails to demonstrate an increase in teratogenicity after administration of gestagens during the first trimester of pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"65","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"775","pageEnd":"780","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/who-uses-natural-family-planning-rec2cljjb0z1kxqbx/","name":"Who uses natural family planning?","headline":"Who uses natural family planning?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/who-uses-natural-family-planning-rec2cljjb0z1kxqbx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Daly KJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Herold ES"}],"datePublished":"1985-05-01","abstract":"This study examined the characteristics and attitudes of 132 married couples who had received training in use of the symptothermal method of natural family planning (NFP). 61% of respondents were 20-30 years of age and over 2/3 had completed college; 59% were Catholic. The largest group of subjects (35%) became aware of NFP through friends, neighbors, and relatives. 71% said they were drawn to NFP because it represented a safe and healthy alternative to other methods of birth control; only 17% gave moral or religious reasons for learning about NFP. 42% of the sample were using NFP at the time of the survey, 32% had discontinued use, and 25% were using fertility awareness in conjunction with barrier methods (combination-continuers). There was a significant difference between these 3 groups in church attendance: 48% of combination-continuers and 67% of continuers compared with 41% of discontinuers attended church once a week or more. The combination-continuer group had more Catholics (50%) than the discontinuer group (37%) but less than the continuers (76%). No significant differences were found between the 3 groups in terms of age, education, or regularity of menstrual cycle length. Over 3/4 of continuers had been married for less than 5 years compared with about 1/2 of those in the 2 other groups. 69% of continuers believed that NFP is extremely effective compared to 13% of discontinuers and 40% of combination-continuers. Spouses encouraged each other in the use of NFP in 88% of combination-continuer couples and 86% of continuer couples, but only about half of discontinuers received such encouragement. Although most NFP advocates emphasize a nonsexual form of abstinence during the fertile period, the vast majority of respondents in this study defined abstinence to include the possibility of orgasm. Combination-continuers, positioned between continuers and discontinuers or both dissatisfaction with other methods and with abstinence, warrant more attention in future NFP research.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"76","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Canadian Journal of Public Health = Revue Canadienne De Sante Publique"}}},"pageStart":"207","pageEnd":"208","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-late-luteal-phase-in-infertile-women-comparison-of-simultaneous-endometrial--recrhsvohmayjjb2p/","name":"The late luteal phase in infertile women: comparison of simultaneous endometrial biopsy and progesterone levels","headline":"The late luteal phase in infertile women: comparison of simultaneous endometrial biopsy and progesterone levels","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-late-luteal-phase-in-infertile-women-comparison-of-simultaneous-endometrial--recrhsvohmayjjb2p/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"D C Cumming","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alberta","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Louis H. Honoré","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alberta","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Z Scott","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alberta","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K P Williams","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5177-1353","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alberta","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27"}}],"datePublished":"1985-05-01","abstract":"Endometrial biopsy specimens were obtained from 107 normally menstruating infertile women 2 to 3 days before the anticipated onset of menses and were day-dated according to histologic criteria. A simultaneous blood sample was obtained for measurement of progesterone (P) and beta-subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin. Of 98 biopsies which could be accurately dated, 56 were in-phase (IP) and 42 were out-of-phase (OOP). Mean serum P levels were significantly lower in women with OOP biopsies undertaken more than 4 days before the onset of menses. A sharp decline in serum P levels was observed in women with IP but not OOP biopsies, so that on the final premenstrual day serum P levels were significantly higher than normal in women with OOP biopsies. Pregnancy continued without interruption in two of six patients who underwent biopsy in the cycle of conception. One patient had an ectopic pregnancy; and the three remaining pregnant patients, all with subnormal P values, aborted. The study suggests that there is a high frequency of minor abnormalities in luteal function in normally menstruating, infertile women for whom tubal and male factors were normal. The frequency of subclinical pregnancy (2 of 107) was lower than anticipated from earlier studies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"43","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"715","pageEnd":"719","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)48553-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70109277"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)48553-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3996616"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70109277"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/obstetric-outcome-in-previously-infertile-patients-reczz2xrsvswv8bnt/","name":"Obstetric Outcome in Previously Infertile Patients","headline":"Obstetric Outcome in Previously Infertile Patients","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/obstetric-outcome-in-previously-infertile-patients-reczz2xrsvswv8bnt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Gregory Starks"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elwyn M. Grimes"}],"datePublished":"1985-05-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"02","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Seminars in reproductive medicine"}}},"pageStart":"211","pageEnd":"215","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-1022618","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1055/s-2007-1022618"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-in-1985-a-status-report-reco6kbn0f8zca43t/","name":"Natural family planning in 1985: a status report","headline":"Natural family planning in 1985: a status report","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-in-1985-a-status-report-reco6kbn0f8zca43t/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Shuler A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jeff Spieler","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Independent Consultant in Population and Reproductive Health, Bethesda, MD, USA"}}],"datePublished":"1985-05-01","abstract":"The current status of natural family planning (NFP) was reviewed. There is renewed interest in NFP, and many couples who find other methods unacceptable for medical, safety, or personal reasons are turning to NFP methods. The percent of contraceptive users who rely on behavioral methods in developing countries in 35% in Peru, 20%-25% in Haiti, Philippines, and Sri Lanka, and average 7.5% for the remaining 23 developing countries. IN the US about 4.7% of all contraceptive users rely on behavioral methods. Worldwide, rhythm is the most commonly used form of behavior fertility control, but this method is not promoted by most NFP programs. The 3 modern methods of NFP are 1) the basal body temperature method, 2) the cervical mucus, or Billings method, and 3) the sympto-thermal method. All these methods rely on physical signs and symptoms to detect ovulation and require sexual abstinence during the fertile phase of the menstrual cycle. The basal body temperature method requires women to detect the slight rise in temperature which occurs at the time of ovulation. The method is 94%-97% effective if intercourse is restricted to the postovulatory phase of the cycle. Disadvantages of the method are that intercourse must be restricted to only 7-13 days of the cycle, women must take their temperature daily, the method cannot be used during fever episodes, and the method is inappropriate for use during lactation or near menopause. The cervical mucus method is based on observing cervical mucus changes during the cycle. These changes signal the fertile and infertile phases of the cycle. According to a World Health Organization study, 93% of the women instructed in the method were able to detect mucus changes, and illiterate women were as adept at identifying these changes as university graduates. Findings also indicated that the method was 97% effective if abstinence was practiced during 15 days of the cycle, but use-effectiveness was only about 80%. This method has the advantage of not requiring ovulatory regularity. The sympto-thermal method uses a combination of symptoms including temperature shifts and mucus changes to detect ovulation. Some studies indicate that the combined method is more effective than those methods based on only 1 symptom, but many individuals find the combined method difficult and confusing. The advantages of NFP methods are that they require no medical supervision and that they have no side effects. Family planning providers often have negative attitudes toward NFP and many programs do not provide NFP services. Many providers maintain that the methods are ineffective and difficult to apply and that there is little demand for NFP. Research should be undertaken to determine if these opinions are valid. The major source of funding for NFP programs and projects is the US Agency for International Development (USAID). The agency is currently supporting 22 NFP projects under USAID grants and another 16 bilateral NFP programs. The research undertaken in connection with these projects should provide needed information on NFP advantages, disadvantages, effectiveness, and demand.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Population Today"}}},"pageStart":"3, 9","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clinical-management-of-infertility-due-to-multiple-causes-kstnhjmu/","name":"Clinical Management of Infertility Due to Multiple Causes","headline":"Clinical Management of Infertility Due to Multiple Causes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clinical-management-of-infertility-due-to-multiple-causes-kstnhjmu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Gregory Starks"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elwyn M. Grimes"}],"datePublished":"1985-05-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"02","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Seminars in Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"185","pageEnd":"192","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-1022615","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1055/s-2007-1022615"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/follicle-growth-curves-and-hormonal-patterns-in-patients-with-the-luteinized-unr-recghxyngski7gfcp/","name":"Follicle growth curves and hormonal patterns in patients with the luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome","headline":"Follicle growth curves and hormonal patterns in patients with the luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/follicle-growth-curves-and-hormonal-patterns-in-patients-with-the-luteinized-unr-recghxyngski7gfcp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C J C M Hamilton","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7918-6617","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hamilton CJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J L H Evers","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8079-1436"},{"@type":"Person","name":"H J Hoogland"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arno M. M. Muijtjens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3171-2337","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Transnational University Limburg","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05f0rzm15"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J de Haan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2729-1097","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Transnational University Limburg","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05f0rzm15"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L C Wetzels","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Transnational University Limburg","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05f0rzm15"}}],"datePublished":"1985-04-01","abstract":"A prospective longitudinal and standardized study is presented, dealing with ultrasonographic and hormonal characteristics of the luteinized unruptured follicle (LUF) syndrome. Among 600 cycles monitored in 270 infertility patients, 40 cycles in 27 patients showed no evidence of follicle rupture, in spite of signs of luteinization, as reflected by basal body temperature recordings and progesterone determinations. In this study, 20 LUF cycles in 20 infertile patients were compared with 45 ovulatory cycles in 45 control women. During the follicular phase, no substantial difference in follicle growth was found, but after the luteinizing hormone peak, LUF follicles, instead of rupturing, showed a typical accelerated growth pattern. Both mean luteinizing hormone peak levels and midluteal progesterone levels were significantly lower in LUF cycles than in the control cycles. However, the duration of the luteal phase was not affected. Both central and local factors can be held responsible for the lack of follicle rupture. Ultrasound offers new possibilities as a noninvasive method in diagnosing the LUF syndrome.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"43","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"541","pageEnd":"548","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)48494-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57578314"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)48494-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3921410"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q57578314"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/school-based-clinics-combat-teen-pregnancy-recbpkxzszixrlvd2/","name":"School-based clinics combat teen pregnancy","headline":"School-based clinics combat teen pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/school-based-clinics-combat-teen-pregnancy-recbpkxzszixrlvd2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"No Authors Listed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4186-1435","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad de Granada"}}],"datePublished":"1985-04-01","abstract":"School-based clinics that provide contraceptive services to teenagers are proving 2 points: the more accessible birth control services are, the more young people will use them; and when those services are used, births among teenagers will decrease. During a recent meeting of the National Family Planning and Reproductive Health Association in Washington, D.C., representatives of successful school-based programs outlined their strategies for starting clinics. A spokesperson for the US Public Health Service talked about obtaining funds for such programs. Officials agree that school-based clinics are likely to be successful only when they offer family planning services as part of a comprehensive health care clinic. Currently, about 14 providers operate 32 school-based clinics around the country. The Jackson-Hinds Community Health Center of Jackson, Mississippi has established clinics in 5 public schools, 1 rural high school, and 1 urban junior high school. In 1979, the center reached about 18,000 people in a target population of 61,000. When the health center established the clinic in the 1st high school in 1970 and began gathering preliminary information on the school's 960 students, clinicians identified 90 adolescents who were already mothers. The 1st step was to enroll 52 of the teenage mothers in a special program. The health center's community board played a key role in establishing the clinics. The Jackson clinic program falls under the auspices of the medical establishment. Other similar programs have been organized by medical schools, family planning agencies, and even school districs. According to Joy G. Dryfoos, a private consultant who works with the administrators of many school-based clinics, some programs have nomedical roots, including the school-based programs initiated by Urban Affairs Corporation, a private, nonprofit group in Houston, Texas. Sharon Lovick, former executive administrator of the operation, was involved in starting a $900,000 school-based clinic program in Houston Public Schools. The program started in 1981 with a strong middle school orientation. Its initial service was day care for children of teenage mothers. The Jackson and Houston programs shared some of the same initial experiences, but their clinic locations, organization, and funding differed. An inportant aspect of both programs is clinic organization. Every teenager who receives contraceptives from the programs' clinics is contacted once a month by a staff person. The long range objective is to have a nurse practitioner at each school clinic. The program relies on many young physicians who are just completing their training. In Houston trasportation is the key element. The adolescents are picked up and brought to the clinic during the school day. Each visit a family planning patient makes to the Houston school-based clinic involves a group experience. A family planning advocate works specifically with young women in the family planning program. Ways to pursue funding for school-based clinics are outlined.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraceptive Technology Update"}}},"pageStart":"53","pageEnd":"57","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-with-massive-ascites-recuwpytpffsuubzn/","name":"Endometriosis with massive ascites","headline":"Endometriosis with massive ascites","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-with-massive-ascites-recuwpytpffsuubzn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Halme J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chafe W"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Currie JL"}],"datePublished":"1985-04-01","abstract":"One case of extensive endometriosis with ascites in a young nulliparous woman is reported. The patient had been maintained on suppressive therapy with danazol for over two years, demonstrating the feasibility of conservative management in this extremely rare form of endometriosis. However, long-term efficacy and potential for fertility remain to be determined.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"65","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"591","pageEnd":"592","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/congenital-malformations-among-offspring-exposed-in-utero-to-progestins-olmsted--recwut7sfev3hxgjs/","name":"Congenital malformations among offspring exposed in utero to progestins, Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1936-1974","headline":"Congenital malformations among offspring exposed in utero to progestins, Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1936-1974","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/congenital-malformations-among-offspring-exposed-in-utero-to-progestins-olmsted--recwut7sfev3hxgjs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"W. Michael O’Fallon","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mayo Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J A Bruen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mayo Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J F Hick","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mayo Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L T Kurland","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mayo Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K L Noller","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mayo Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W M O'Fallon"},{"@type":"Person","name":"L J Resseguie","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mayo Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03"}}],"datePublished":"1985-04-01","abstract":"Comparison of a cohort of 988 offspring exposed in utero to exogenous progestins with a matched cohort of unexposed offspring did not result in detection of an association of congenital anomalies with exposure. The conclusions are based primarily on outcomes of pregnancy with exposure to progesterone and 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate, and may not apply to androgenic progestins. Offspring exposed to combinations of progestins and estrogens were excluded from this study and may have a different distribution of anomalies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"43","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"514","pageEnd":"519","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)48490-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70087868"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)48490-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3987922"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70087868"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/late-infertile-days-in-early-postpartum-cycles-recgb0htblbcpbn6z/","name":"Late infertile days in early postpartum cycles","headline":"Late infertile days in early postpartum cycles","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/late-infertile-days-in-early-postpartum-cycles-recgb0htblbcpbn6z/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hatherley Li"}],"datePublished":"1985-03-01","abstract":"Luteal phase abnormalities in early menstrual cycles after pregnancy have been shown to cause confusion in the practice of natural family planning (NFP) for some patients and to restrict severely the number of late infertile days available to others. The cause of the abnormalities is uncertain but appears to be related to the nursing status of the patient.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical Reproduction and Fertility"}}},"pageStart":"73","pageEnd":"80","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevention-of-premature-labor-by-17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone-caproate-recob5rsyzi6kvbiz/","name":"Prevention of premature labor by 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate","headline":"Prevention of premature labor by 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevention-of-premature-labor-by-17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone-caproate-recob5rsyzi6kvbiz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ρ Borenstein","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaplan Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t0n9020"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B M Mogilner"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Z Apelman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaplan Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t0n9020"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Borenstein","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaplan Hospital, Rehovot, Israel."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Dreazen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaplan Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t0n9020"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"I Kessler","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaplan Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t0n9020"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Lancet","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaplan Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t0n9020"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Yemini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5633-6473","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaplan Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t0n9020"}}],"datePublished":"1985-03-01","abstract":"Eighty pregnant women at high risk of giving birth prematurely were divided randomly into two groups. Treatment with either 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate, 250 mg by intramuscular injection once a week, or a placebo was given in a double-blind fashion. Imminent premature labor occurred in 29.0% of the treated group and in 59.4% of the control group (p less than 0.025). The rate of premature deliveries was also significantly lower in the treated group (16.1%) than in the control group (37.82%) (p less than 0.05). There were no cases of perinatal death or fetal malformations in either group. The mean birth weight of all infants of the treated group was significantly higher than in those of the control group (3111.9 +/- 905 gm versus 2680 +/- 813.4 gm, p less than 0.05). The results support treatment with progesterone caproate for the prevention of premature labor.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"151","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"574","pageEnd":"577","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(85)90141-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56608305"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(85)90141-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3976757"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q56608305"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-studies-in-women-with-premenstrual-tension-rec865hbzidbiwh0y/","name":"Hormonal studies in women with premenstrual tension","headline":"Hormonal studies in women with premenstrual tension","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-studies-in-women-with-premenstrual-tension-rec865hbzidbiwh0y/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Julie Watts"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Logan Edwards R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R. LOGAN EDWARDS","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Birmingham Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00xe5zs60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W R Butt"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Holder","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6271-3063"}],"datePublished":"1985-03-01","abstract":"Serum hormone concentrations were determined at intervals during the last 17 days of the menstrual cycle in 35 patients with premenstrual tension (PMT) and 11 control subjects without symptoms. The maximum mean concentration of oestradiol occurred 17 days before menstruation in the patients and 14 days before in the controls. The maximum concentrations of progesterone were similar in the two groups but the mean concentrations rose earlier in the cycle in the patients with PMT. These results suggested that the patients tended to ovulate earlier in the cycle than the controls and on the basis of the ovulatory surge in gonadotrophins two groups could be identified, group A who showed signs of ovulation 14 days or less before menstruation (17 patients, 9 controls) and group B who ovulated more than 14 days before menstruation (18 patients, 2 controls). There were no significant differences between the groups in prolactin, thyroid stimulating hormone or testosterone levels, but cortisol concentrations were uniformly higher in both groups of patients compared with those in the controls. Follicular growth was assessed with ultrasound in 18 patients and 16 control subjects. Mean follicular diameters were significantly lower in the patients than in the control group at the time of ovulation. Oestradiol determinations done at the same time correlated with the diameters and were also significantly lower in the patient group. The results suggest that ovulation tends to occur prematurely in women with PMT.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"92","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"247","pageEnd":"255","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1985.tb01090.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q93606545"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1471-0528.1985.tb01090.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"4038882"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q93606545"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/medroxyprogesterone-acetate-does-not-perturb-the-profile-of-steroid-metabolites--rec2ehhhcdsdg7ift/","name":"Medroxyprogesterone acetate does not perturb the profile of steroid metabolites in urine during pregnancy","headline":"Medroxyprogesterone acetate does not perturb the profile of steroid metabolites in urine during pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/medroxyprogesterone-acetate-does-not-perturb-the-profile-of-steroid-metabolites--rec2ehhhcdsdg7ift/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J L Yovich","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9583-3683","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Western Australia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047272k79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Steven Wilkinson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8075-4448"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Venerino Poletti","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8634-2284"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Hähnel"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D L Willcox"}],"datePublished":"1985-03-01","abstract":"The plasma concentrations of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) in 14 women administered the progestagen for threatened abortion during the first 6 weeks of pregnancy were measured by specific radioimmunoassay. Treatment (52 nmol orally every 6 h) was continued to 18 weeks of gestation. The mean plasma concentration of MPA rose rapidly during day 1 of treatment to 14.1 +/- 1.84 nmol/l. It reached 21.5 +/- 2.3 nmol/l by 7 days and subsequently stabilized at around 26.8 +/- 5.0 nmol/l by the end of week 2. Urinary steroid profiles were determined by gas-liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry for six of the MPA-treated women and compared with those of six untreated women of similar gestational age. No differences were detected between the two groups of women, suggesting that the administration of MPA during pregnancy did not alter qualitatively or quantitatively the metabolism and excretion into urine of progesterone and oestrogens.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"104","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"453","pageEnd":"459","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1040453","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57787618"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1677/joe.0.1040453"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3156203"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q57787618"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-prediction-of-ovulation-a-comparison-of-the-basal-body-temperature-graph-cer-reckvezfchme0xf3i/","name":"The prediction of ovulation: a comparison of the basal body temperature graph, cervical mucus score, and real-time pelvic ultrasonography","headline":"The prediction of ovulation: a comparison of the basal body temperature graph, cervical mucus score, and real-time pelvic ultrasonography","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-prediction-of-ovulation-a-comparison-of-the-basal-body-temperature-graph-cer-reckvezfchme0xf3i/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A Leader","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1692-6214","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Calgary","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P J Taylor","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6511-6442","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Calgary","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Wiseman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Calgary","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39"}}],"datePublished":"1985-03-01","abstract":"Ninety-five menstrual cycles were studied in 20 women undergoing donor artificial insemination (AID). In 49 cycles basal body temperature (BBT) changes were charted daily and both daily cervical mucus scoring (modified Insler score) and daily realtime ultrasonography (USS) were performed from day 11 to ovulation. AID was performed only on the day of follicular rupture. A control group, not subjected to USS, were inseminated two to three times per cycle over 46 cycles in the periovulatory period. The Insler score was found to be a reliable indicator of follicular development and rupture. The BBT was found to be less reliable than the Insler score or USS. While USS may be used to confirm follicular development, the Insler score is reliable and less costly.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"43","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"385","pageEnd":"388","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)48436-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69886199"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)48436-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3884396"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69886199"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteal-phase-defects-and-anovulation-adaptive-alterations-occurring-with-conditi-rectxnww6idj8u9au/","name":"Luteal Phase Defects and Anovulation: Adaptive Alterations Occurring with Conditioning Exercise","headline":"Luteal Phase Defects and Anovulation: Adaptive Alterations Occurring with Conditioning Exercise","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteal-phase-defects-and-anovulation-adaptive-alterations-occurring-with-conditi-rectxnww6idj8u9au/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"1985-02-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Seminars in Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"27","pageEnd":"33","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-1022601","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1055/s-2007-1022601"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sonographic-criteria-of-phasic-changes-in-human-endometrial-tissue-reczhrd2bea1yllnr/","name":"Sonographic criteria of phasic changes in human endometrial tissue","headline":"Sonographic criteria of phasic changes in human endometrial tissue","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sonographic-criteria-of-phasic-changes-in-human-endometrial-tissue-reczhrd2bea1yllnr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C Sakamoto","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kyushu University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00p4k0j84"}}],"datePublished":"1985-02-01","abstract":"Sonographic criteria of endometrial tissue were obtained following serial observations in normally ovulating women, and a prospective identification of a specific phase was made in those with regular menstrual cycles. This may be the first report of endometrial tissue characterization. Clinical management of infertility and monitoring of follicular growth will thus be facilitated.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"23","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: the Official Organ of the  International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics"}}},"pageStart":"7","pageEnd":"12","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7292(85)90003-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69862128"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0020-7292(85)90003-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2860037"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69862128"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lhrh-clinical-applications-growing-rectwlqt1xuembxuc/","name":"LHRH: clinical applications growing","headline":"LHRH: clinical applications growing","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lhrh-clinical-applications-growing-rectwlqt1xuembxuc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ziporyn T"}],"datePublished":"1985-01-25","abstract":"Barely 13 years after its initial discovery, the hypothalamic luteinizing-hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) appears to be claiming a large territory in clinical medicine. \"There's almost no subspecialty of medicine that will be left untouched by the [research] advances associated with LHRH or its analogues,\" predicts William F. Crowley, MD, associate professor of medicine at Harvard University Medical School, Boston. He points out that this polypeptide hormone (also known as gonadotropin-releasing hormone or GnRH) is already providing new treatments for several human diseases and \"represents one of the examples where an investment in basic science has profound clinical applications.\" Crowley, who is also chief of reproductive endocrinology at the Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston, discussed the therapeutic implications of LHRH and its analogues at the Seventh International Congress of Endocrinology in Quebec City. So far, he says, the ability of LHRH to either stimulate or suppress reproductive processes has been applied","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"253","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA"}}},"pageStart":"469","pageEnd":"476","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-progesterone-and-antihypertensive-action-reciv6lgeug1et9xe/","name":"Natural progesterone and antihypertensive action","headline":"Natural progesterone and antihypertensive action","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-progesterone-and-antihypertensive-action-reciv6lgeug1et9xe/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"K. J. Lafferty","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Renal Research Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/032g46r36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J C De Trafford"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J W Studd"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mark Brincat","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Renal Research Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/032g46r36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Brincat","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Milan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wjc7c48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"V Parsons","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Renal Research Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/032g46r36"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P B Rylance","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Basel","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02s6k3f65"}}],"datePublished":"1985-01-05","abstract":"In a placebo controlled, double blind crossover study natural progesterone was given by mouth, in increasing doses, to six men and four postmenopausal women with mild to moderate hypertension who were not receiving any other antihypertensive drugs. When compared with values recorded before treatment and during administration of placebo progesterone caused a significant reduction in blood pressure, suggesting that progesterone has an antihypertensive action rather than a hypertensive one as has been previously thought. This possible protective effect of progesterone should be investigated further.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"290","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6461","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British Medical Journal (Clinical Research Ed.)"}}},"pageStart":"13","pageEnd":"14","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.290.6461.13","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34483722"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj.290.6461.13"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3917316"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34483722"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-physiology-of-gonadotropin-releasing-hormone-gnrh-secretion-in-men-and-women-rec4bh3p8o69mfmvt/","name":"The physiology of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion in men and women","headline":"The physiology of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion in men and women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-physiology-of-gonadotropin-releasing-hormone-gnrh-secretion-in-men-and-women-rec4bh3p8o69mfmvt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Crowley WF Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"WILLIAM F. CROWLEY","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2878-0881"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marco Filicori","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4995-0317","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Daniel Spratt","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8909-0510","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nanette Santoro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9096-7490","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}}],"datePublished":"1985-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"41","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Recent Progress in Hormone Research"}},"pageStart":"473","pageEnd":"531","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-571141-8.50015-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39849283"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/b978-0-12-571141-8.50015-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3931190"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39849283"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-optivite-for-women-on-premenstrual-tension-syndromes-blood-chemist-recm0spusb9oxgkpi/","name":"The Effect of Optivite for Women on Premenstrual Tension Syndromes: Blood Chemistry and Serum Steroid Levels During the Mid-Luteal Phase","headline":"The Effect of Optivite for Women on Premenstrual Tension Syndromes: Blood Chemistry and Serum Steroid Levels During the Mid-Luteal Phase","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-optivite-for-women-on-premenstrual-tension-syndromes-blood-chemist-recm0spusb9oxgkpi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"G E Abraham"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fuchs N","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4284-0860","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universität Salzburg"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hakim M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5764-0784"}],"datePublished":"1985-01-01","abstract":"Plasma and erythrocyte magnesium were measured in 105 patients with premenstrual syndrome (PMS) using a simple atomic absorption spectroscopy method. The erythrocyte magnesium concentration for the patients with PMS was significantly lower than that of a normal population. The plasma magnesium did not show this difference. The significance of this apparent cellular deficiency of magnesium is discussed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"23","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"667","pageEnd":"670","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polarization-fluorometry-of-nucleosome-dna-structure-with-hoechst-33258-fluoroch-rec560fo7s98ighss/","name":"Polarization fluorometry of nucleosome DNA structure with Hoechst 33258 fluorochrome","headline":"Polarization fluorometry of nucleosome DNA structure with Hoechst 33258 fluorochrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polarization-fluorometry-of-nucleosome-dna-structure-with-hoechst-33258-fluoroch-rec560fo7s98ighss/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Takashi Araki","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3616-1493"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yoshiyuki Tohno","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9278-6092"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Akira Takakusu"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M O Yamada"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Yamada Mo"}],"datePublished":"1985-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"31","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cellular and molecular biology"}}},"pageStart":"407","pageEnd":"412","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68952081","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2417713"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68952081"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-pathologic-spectrum-of-uterotubal-junction-obstruction-recexbjidgmvphugq/","name":"The pathologic spectrum of uterotubal junction obstruction","headline":"The pathologic spectrum of uterotubal junction obstruction","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-pathologic-spectrum-of-uterotubal-junction-obstruction-recexbjidgmvphugq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Fortier KJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A F Haney","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710."}}],"datePublished":"1985-01-01","abstract":"Excised tubal segments from 42 women with uterotubal junction obstruction were studied histologically to evaluate the pathologic spectrum of disease and correlate this with clinical data. The most frequent lesion encountered was obliterative fibrosis (38.1%), confirmed by connective tissue stains, which was not associated with cornual nodularity. Other pathologic entities included salpingitis isthmica nodosa (23.8%), intramucosal endometriosis (14.3%), and chronic tubal inflammation (21.4%). Intramucosal endometriosis was distinguishable from salpingitis isthmica nodosa by virtue of its unique stroma confirmed by connective tissue staining. Women with previous pregnancies were included in all the groups. In all instances, the obstruction was present in the transmural portion of the tube and extended a variable distance into the isthmic segment. These observations on uterotubal junction obstruction demonstrate that: 1) There are multiple distinct histologic patterns, 2) Intraabdominal findings do not predict the histology of the uterotubal junction pathology, 3) Any histologic pattern can be associated with a previous intrauterine or ectopic pregnancy, and 4) The obstruction begins within the transmural portion of the oviduct, extends a variable distance into the isthmic segment, but does not obstruct the ampullary segment. These data suggest that the initiating process originates within the uterus and that fibrosis may represent a nonspecific response to chronic injury of the transmural and isthmic segments of the oviduct.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"65","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"93","pageEnd":"98","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-treatment-of-premenstrual-tension--a-double-blind-study-reclje8g8iznvzgq2/","name":"Progesterone treatment of premenstrual tension--a double blind study","headline":"Progesterone treatment of premenstrual tension--a double blind study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-treatment-of-premenstrual-tension--a-double-blind-study-reclje8g8iznvzgq2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"B Andersch","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai East Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/038xmzj21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Hahn"}],"datePublished":"1985-01-01","abstract":"Fifteen women with moderate to severe premenstrual symptoms, defined and graded according to a recently developed scoring system, took part in a double blind study of the effect of progesterone on premenstrual symptoms. The dosage was 100 mg progesterone twice daily delivered in vaginal pessaries. The women were improved with a statistically significant decrease in their scores by progesterone as well as by placebo treatment. There was no statistically significant difference between the two regimes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"29","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Psychosomatic Research"}}},"pageStart":"489","pageEnd":"493","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3999(85)90082-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69918760"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0022-3999(85)90082-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3906106"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69918760"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/treatment-of-cervical-ectropion-by-cryosurgery-effect-on-cervical-mucus-characte-recenuqivtxk1y5zt/","name":"Treatment of cervical ectropion by cryosurgery: effect on cervical mucus  characteristics","headline":"Treatment of cervical ectropion by cryosurgery: effect on cervical mucus  characteristics","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/treatment-of-cervical-ectropion-by-cryosurgery-effect-on-cervical-mucus-characte-recenuqivtxk1y5zt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Amiram Bar‐Am","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tel Aviv University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mhzgx49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gedalia Paz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tel Aviv University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mhzgx49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Z T Homonnai","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tel Aviv University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mhzgx49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M R Peyser","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tel Aviv University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mhzgx49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Schachter","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tel Aviv University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mhzgx49"}}],"datePublished":"1985-01-01","abstract":"Eighteen women with cervical ectropion and 12 women with ectropion and vaginal discharge were treated by cryosurgery. Evaluation of the cervical mucus characteristics by cervical score and in vitro penetration test was performed before treatment and 2 months later. In the group with ectropion only (group A) the total cervical score was 5.7 +/- 0.4 and 11.9 +/- 0.06 (P less than 0.001) (mean +/- standard error) before treatment and 2 months later, respectively. In the group with ectropion and vaginal discharge (group B) the total cervical score before and after cryosurgery was 3.8 +/- 0.4 and 11.8 +/- 0.1 (P less than 0.001), respectively. In vitro penetration tests in group A before and after treatment were 0.72 +/- 0.1 and 2.9 +/- 0.08 (P less than 0.001), respectively. In group B, in vitro penetration tests before and after cryosurgery were 0.25 +/- 0.1 and 2.8 +/- 0.1 (P less than 0.001), respectively. It appears that cryosurgery improves the cervical mucus characteristics. It is recommended that infertile patients with hostile cervical mucus and ectropion will be treated by cryosurgery.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"43","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"86","pageEnd":"89","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)48323-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45112474"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)48323-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3838091"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q45112474"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-correlation-between-midcycle-hormonal-profiles-cervical-mucus-and-ovulation--recrlhefk1c0xumz9/","name":"The Correlation Between Midcycle Hormonal Profiles, Cervical Mucus and Ovulation in Normal Women","headline":"The Correlation Between Midcycle Hormonal Profiles, Cervical Mucus and Ovulation in Normal Women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-correlation-between-midcycle-hormonal-profiles-cervical-mucus-and-ovulation--recrlhefk1c0xumz9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"John C.M. Tsibris","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6725-2734","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Chicago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P W Langenberg"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Firyal S. Khan‐Dawood","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Chicago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"William N. Spellacy","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Chicago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41"}}],"datePublished":"1985-01-01","pageStart":"236","pageEnd":"40","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70092785","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70092785"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/an-obstetrician-looks-at-natural-family-planning-recpr0mjhpto0znjq/","name":"An Obstetrician Looks at Natural Family Planning","headline":"An Obstetrician Looks at Natural Family Planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/an-obstetrician-looks-at-natural-family-planning-recpr0mjhpto0znjq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"P. I. FRANK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C R Kay","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal College of General Practitioners","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01gdbf303"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T. L. T. LEWIS","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9833-3791"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarah Parish","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3532-0832","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oxford","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052gg0110"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1985-01-01","pageStart":"308","pageEnd":"16","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70083686","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70083686"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-intraperitoneal-instillation-of-32-dextran-70-on-postoperative-adhesio-reccujkdbljwvqq52/","name":"Effect of intraperitoneal instillation of 32% dextran 70 on postoperative adhesion formation after tubal surgery","headline":"Effect of intraperitoneal instillation of 32% dextran 70 on postoperative adhesion formation after tubal surgery","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-intraperitoneal-instillation-of-32-dextran-70-on-postoperative-adhesio-reccujkdbljwvqq52/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S.-E. Tronstad","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Profu (Sweden)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00a4rps73"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M. STELLAN BYGDEMAN","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Umeå University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05kb8h459"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Pehrson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7149-4613","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Umeå University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05kb8h459"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"I Joelsson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Karolinska University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00m8d6786"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"O Lalos","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Umeå University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05kb8h459"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Larsson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Profu (Sweden)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00a4rps73"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Marsk","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Skaraborg Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040m2wv49"}}],"datePublished":"1985-01-01","abstract":"The intraperitoneal instillation of 32% dextran 70 (HyskonR, Pharmacia AB, Sweden) has previously been reported to prevent the formation of postoperative adhesions. Against this background, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of HyskonR in counteracting peritoneal adhesions following tubal microsurgery. 105 infertile women were operated upon in a prospective, randomized, controlled, double-blind, multicenter study. The intra-abdominal adhesions present from the beginning were classified by means of a standardized scoring scale and the extent of adhesions was again evaluated at follow-up laparoscopy 4-10 weeks later. A reduction in the extent of the intra-abdominal adhesions (statistically highly significant) was revealed in both the Hyskon group and the saline control group. The extent of adhesions in the Hyskon group was not lesser than in the saline group, however. The pregnancy rates in the two groups were also similar.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"64","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica"}}},"pageStart":"437","pageEnd":"441","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3109/00016348509155163","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68946643"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3109/00016348509155163"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"2414966"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68946643"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vulvar-effects-of-the-toilet-tissue-observational-routine-in-the-practice-of-nat-recifwzcxe281w8cq/","name":"Vulvar effects of the toilet tissue observational routine in the practice of natural family planning","headline":"Vulvar effects of the toilet tissue observational routine in the practice of natural family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/vulvar-effects-of-the-toilet-tissue-observational-routine-in-the-practice-of-nat-recifwzcxe281w8cq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Charles W Norris","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Georgetown University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60"}}],"datePublished":"1985-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"152","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1108","pageEnd":"1109","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(85)90574-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43317646"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(85)90574-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"4025458"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43317646"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/advertising-trends-in-major-journals-of-obstetrics-and-gynecology-in-the-interna-reclbuwdhelfwjf9a/","name":"Advertising Trends in Major Journals of Obstetrics and Gynecology in the International Review of Natural Family Planning, Winter 1985","headline":"Advertising Trends in Major Journals of Obstetrics and Gynecology in the International Review of Natural Family Planning, Winter 1985","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/advertising-trends-in-major-journals-of-obstetrics-and-gynecology-in-the-interna-reclbuwdhelfwjf9a/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Slacks RM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1985-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/negative-correlation-between-sex-hormone-usage-and-malformations-reckldfrgfvp0rthy/","name":"Negative correlation between sex hormone usage and malformations","headline":"Negative correlation between sex hormone usage and malformations","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/negative-correlation-between-sex-hormone-usage-and-malformations-reckldfrgfvp0rthy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Wiseman Ra"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R A Wiseman"}],"datePublished":"1985-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"163C","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Progress in Clinical and Biological Research"}},"pageStart":"171","pageEnd":"175","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70096120","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3991619"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70096120"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/bioactive-forms-of-serum-lactogens-effects-of-treatment-of-prolactinoma-patients-recwjz1uao087ghew/","name":"Bioactive forms of serum lactogens: effects of treatment of prolactinoma patients  with bromocriptine","headline":"Bioactive forms of serum lactogens: effects of treatment of prolactinoma patients  with bromocriptine","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/bioactive-forms-of-serum-lactogens-effects-of-treatment-of-prolactinoma-patients-recwjz1uao087ghew/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"N Bruchovsky","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P W Gout","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"BC Cancer Agency","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03sfybe47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P S Rennie","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"1985-01-01","abstract":"An in vitro bioassay for lactogenic hormones, based on the specific mitogenic effects of lactogens on cultured Nb2 node rat lymphoma cells, was used to measure the levels of lactogens in whole serum and in fractionated serum samples from three patients with prolactin (PRL) secreting pituitary adenomas. Under basal conditions, after pituitary stimulation, and following treatment with bromocriptine which greatly decreased the serum PRL levels, the bioassay (BA) results closely paralleled fluctuations in the sum of radioimmunoassay (RIA) estimates of serum PRL and growth hormone concentrations. The extreme sensitivity (10 pg/ml) of the BA facilitated measurement of PRL in fractions obtained after Sephadex G-100 chromatography of only 0.1 to 0.3 ml of sera from both untreated and bromocriptine-treated prolactinoma patients. In both types of samples, similar heterogenous patterns of bioactive PRL were observed, although most of the recovered activity appeared to be due to monomeric PRL. BA and RIA of fractions obtained after DEAE cellulose chromatography of sera from untreated prolactinoma patients revealed two PRL peaks, the first one containing 75% of the activity. Therapy with bromocriptine led to a reduction in the total serum PRL activity and, in particular, in the activity of the second peak.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"65","pageEnd":"73","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2265.1985.tb01066.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42435129"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1365-2265.1985.tb01066.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3978829"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q42435129"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-optivite-for-women-on-premenstrual-tension-syndromes-ii-effect-on--rechqbrawuo0tlfkw/","name":"The Effect of Optivite for Women on Premenstrual Tension Syndromes: II Effect on Symptomatology, using a Double-Blind Cross-Over Design","headline":"The Effect of Optivite for Women on Premenstrual Tension Syndromes: II Effect on Symptomatology, using a Double-Blind Cross-Over Design","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-optivite-for-women-on-premenstrual-tension-syndromes-ii-effect-on--rechqbrawuo0tlfkw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Chakmakjian ZH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Higgins CE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G E Abraham"}],"datePublished":"1985-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulation-method-charting-in-patients-taking-danazol-recvybehvezb64y05/","name":"Ovulation Method Charting in Patients Taking Danazol","headline":"Ovulation Method Charting in Patients Taking Danazol","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulation-method-charting-in-patients-taking-danazol-recvybehvezb64y05/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"McLean PA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1985-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-human-peritoneal-fluid-on-embryonic-development-annual-meeting-of--v33dih4q/","name":"The Effect of Human Peritoneal Fluid on Embryonic Development. Annual Meeting of the","headline":"The Effect of Human Peritoneal Fluid on Embryonic Development. Annual Meeting of the","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-human-peritoneal-fluid-on-embryonic-development-annual-meeting-of--v33dih4q/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Gerrity M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"John S. Rinehart","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Center for Human Reproduction","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05avmsq62"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Shapiro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0181-3401","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pennsylvania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10"}}],"datePublished":"1985-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Fertility Society"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gonadotrophin-secreting-pituitary-tumour-report-and-review-recpacmn0ojvrpwiy/","name":"Gonadotrophin-secreting pituitary tumour: report and review","headline":"Gonadotrophin-secreting pituitary tumour: report and review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gonadotrophin-secreting-pituitary-tumour-report-and-review-recpacmn0ojvrpwiy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael Whitaker","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6256-0519","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B. SCHEITHAUER"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Loren I. Dolman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Felix Durity","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02zg69r60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M D Whitaker","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5807-4916"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Pudek","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6432-263X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"1985-01-01","abstract":"A 34-year-old male with a pituitary adenoma was investigated and demonstrated to have hypersecretion of both gonadotrophins in the basal state. Immunocytochemical staining and electron microscopic examination were positive for tumour cells secreting FSH and LH. Presenting symptoms included visual disturbances, loss of libido, impotence, cold intolerance, frontal headaches, change in skin pigmentation and excessive weight gain. The patient denied alteration in hair distribution, had no acral features, galactorrhoea or gynaecomastia. Surgical extirpation resulted in complete amelioration of his symptoms over a three year follow-up period. Basal and stimulated pituitary function testing results returned to normal post-operatively. A review of the literature documents six other cases of pituitary tumour secreting both LH and FSH in the basal state. More commonly, the pituitary adenoma secretes FSH only. The literature is reviewed with regard to both types of tumour.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"}}},"pageStart":"43","pageEnd":"48","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2265.1985.tb01063.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39846255"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1365-2265.1985.tb01063.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"3919972"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39846255"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chronic-pelvic-pain-and-dysmenorrhea-in-the-female-patient-rechr1mrml0djrsel/","name":"Chronic Pelvic Pain and Dysmenorrhea in The Female Patient","headline":"Chronic Pelvic Pain and Dysmenorrhea in The Female Patient","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chronic-pelvic-pain-and-dysmenorrhea-in-the-female-patient-rechr1mrml0djrsel/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"ADS"}],"datePublished":"1985-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-methods-of-family-planning-recoyd3cbnmcq22um/","name":"Natural methods of family planning","headline":"Natural methods of family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-methods-of-family-planning-recoyd3cbnmcq22um/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna M. Flynn","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/048emj907"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Flynn A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5338-5360","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health"}}],"datePublished":"1984-12-01","abstract":"Reliable indicators to detect the fertile and infertile phases in the menstrual cycle are now available, largely due to the intensive scientific research into fertility over the past decade. This means that couples who follow the rules of the different NFP methodologies have a highly effective means of birth control, without the introduction of hormones, chemicals or devices into the body. New scientific techniques can be expected within the next couple of years which will simplify the detection of the fertile phase and hopefully help to elucidate the grey area of the early fertile days, where most of the unplanned pregnancies occur. Fertility awareness by both partners is an important positive contribution to the whole sexual relationship and emphasizes that NFP is an educational delivery system rather than a technological one. The modification of sexual behaviour and the motivation of both partners for the successful use of NFP may initially present a problem to some couples. On the other hand, many partners find the discipline enhances their sexual relationship and dialogue. Whatever the motivation, today more and more couples are happier to be in autonomous control of their bodies and their fertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinics in Obstetrics and Gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"661","pageEnd":"678","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-premenstrual-syndrome-and-progesterone-therapy-recwfqc41zbjmz43x/","name":"The Premenstrual Syndrome and Progesterone Therapy","headline":"The Premenstrual Syndrome and Progesterone Therapy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-premenstrual-syndrome-and-progesterone-therapy-recwfqc41zbjmz43x/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"K DALTON","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University College Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wrevg56"}}],"datePublished":"1984-12-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"101","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Annals of Internal Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"891","pageEnd":"891","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-101-6-891_1","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.7326/0003-4819-101-6-891_1"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-nfp-recrebosokipfwk4c/","name":"Natural family planning (NFP)","headline":"Natural family planning (NFP)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-nfp-recrebosokipfwk4c/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"G Luh-Hardegg"}],"datePublished":"1984-12-01","abstract":"The author reviews and makes further recommendations for 3 points of the discussion in G. Freundl's pilot study of \"Natural Family Planning (Symptothermal Method) and Objective Ovulation Indicators\" published by Georg Thieme Verlag in Vlume 6, \"Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde,\" in 1984. It is suggested that the scientific basis of changes in methodological rules, such as the BT3 modified for the double control method in paragraph 3 of the discussion, must be reported Natural Family Planning (NFP) instructors in Bonn, West Germany, along with failure statistics whenever possible, to enable instructors to participate responsibly. In response to errors by users cited in paragraph 4 of the discussion, the reviewer asserts that adequate instructional materials (photos and slides) are available to acquaint the users with changes in cervical mucus and that personal guidance of a couple or small group should be carried out until detection of fertility signals is performed without difficulty and the couple has proved itself capable of abstaining for the required periods, the latter being the more difficult. The author further cautions that before shortening of the abstinence period can be promoted, instructors must be scientifically assured of the accuracy of the basal temperature -6 indicator. She emphasizes that user errors can be reduced with a shorter abstinence period, but that the couple demands reliable rules first and foremost. The author concludes with a call for closer cooperation between gynecologists and NFP instructors.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"44","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Geburtshilfe Und Frauenheilkunde"}}},"pageStart":"829","pageEnd":"830","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2008-1036531","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70890768"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1055/s-2008-1036531"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6570123"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70890768"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/increased-androgenic-activity-and-breast-cancer-risk-in-premenopausal-women-recbgei56xwn9orix/","name":"Increased androgenic activity and breast cancer risk in premenopausal women","headline":"Increased androgenic activity and breast cancer risk in premenopausal women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/increased-androgenic-activity-and-breast-cancer-risk-in-premenopausal-women-recbgei56xwn9orix/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Berrino F"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Decarli A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Di Pietro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8038-7940","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dwj7825"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Fariselli","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dwj7825"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Recchione","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dwj7825"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Secreto","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9381-166X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dwj7825"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Toniolo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"New York University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0190ak572"}}],"datePublished":"1984-12-01","abstract":"Blood and urine specimens from 27 premenopausal breast cancer patients and 62 healthy controls have been compared with respect to concentration of testosterone and progesterone in blood and of testosterone and androstanediol in urine, measured in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. There was a strong positive association between the concentration of the two androgens, either in blood or urine, and breast cancer risk. A strong association was also observed with decreasing levels of progesterone. The association was statistically significant (p for trend less than 0.01) for each hormone; the rate ratios were 10.2 for serum testosterone (highest category), 5.6 for serum progesterone (lowest category), 8.4 for urinary testosterone (highest category), and 5.2 for androstanediol (highest category). The rate ratio for women presenting both high serum testosterone and low progesterone was 21.8 (4.1 to 116.1). Considering the exposure to at least one of three androgens at the highest level and low progesterone, the rate ratio was as high as 90.2 (8.2 to 989.7). This study provides evidence for the hypothesis that increased androgenic activity is an important risk indicator for breast cancer, particularly when associated with anovulation, as indicated by low serum progesterone level.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"44","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12 Pt 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cancer Research"}}},"pageStart":"5902","pageEnd":"5905","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/is-premenstrual-syndrome-exaggerated-molimina-rec3jz4rfkkfykq0z/","name":"Is premenstrual syndrome exaggerated molimina?","headline":"Is premenstrual syndrome exaggerated molimina?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/is-premenstrual-syndrome-exaggerated-molimina-rec3jz4rfkkfykq0z/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"1984-11-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"141","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The American Journal of Psychiatry"}}},"pageStart":"1495","pageEnd":"1496","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.141.11.1495","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70799105"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1176/ajp.141.11.1495"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6541883"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70799105"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-billings-method-of-family-planning-an-assessment-recde4ven2acjj6pc/","name":"The Billings method of family planning: an assessment","headline":"The Billings method of family planning: an assessment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-billings-method-of-family-planning-an-assessment-recde4ven2acjj6pc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Betts K"}],"datePublished":"1984-11-01","abstract":"The Billings/ovulation method is a periodic abstinence method of regulating births based on the client's interpretation of changing patterns in secretions of cervical mucus monitored by external self-examination. It was developed in Australia and is now widely promoted overseas. This paper outlines the method's recent history and goes on to discuss its physiological basis, its use-effectiveness as measured in a number of major trials, and some evidence concerning its general acceptability and applicability in family planning programs.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6 Pt 1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Studies in Family Planning"}}},"pageStart":"253","pageEnd":"266","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/intrauterine-contraception-with-copper-and-with-levonorgestrel-a-randomized-stud-recofxi3uwvkfgjbw/","name":"Intrauterine contraception with copper and with levonorgestrel: a randomized  study of the TCu 380Ag and levonorgestrel 20 mcg/day devices","headline":"Intrauterine contraception with copper and with levonorgestrel: a randomized  study of the TCu 380Ag and levonorgestrel 20 mcg/day devices","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/intrauterine-contraception-with-copper-and-with-levonorgestrel-a-randomized-stud-recofxi3uwvkfgjbw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J Diaz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8979-282X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Diaz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8586-095X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"el Mahgoub S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elsimar Metzker Coutinho","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Federal da Bahia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03k3p7647"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"V Brache","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2621-4739","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad Psicología Industrial Dominicana","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04v6tba94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M M Diaz"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Faundes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4178-6030","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centro de Pesquisas Oncológicas","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052dytr59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carlos E.R. Mattos","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidade Federal da Bahia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03k3p7647"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Janet Stern","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Population Council","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052ce7c92"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Alvarez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2993-2736","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad Psicología Industrial Dominicana","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04v6tba94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S el Mahgoub","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1787-7098","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ain Shams University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cb9w016"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Pavez","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9548-2270","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Organización Intenacional del trabajo"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"I Sivin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Population Council","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052ce7c92"}}],"datePublished":"1984-11-01","abstract":"First year results of a randomized study of 1509 users of the Copper T380Ag with a silver core or of an IUD releasing 20 mcg day of levonorgestrel are reported. The cumulative gross pregnancy rate for each device was 0.3 per 100 at one year, with more than 490 women having one year of use with each device. The levonorgestrel-releasing device was associated with significantly fewer bleeding days and significantly increased hemoglobin levels when compared with pre-admission values or the one year values observed among users of the TCu380Ag. Terminations attributable to amenorrhea were significantly more frequent among users of the levonorgestrel-releasing device. The TCu 380Ag was associated with increased frequency and severity of dysmenorrhea compared with pre-admission levels or with the steroid-releasing device. Hemoglobin levels were somewhat reduced among users of the TCu 380Ag device. Terminations attributable to pain were, however, not significantly different by device. Continuation rates at the end of the first year were not significantly different by device.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"30","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"443","pageEnd":"456","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-7824(84)90036-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70513299"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0010-7824(84)90036-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6440740"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70513299"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-and-corpus-luteum-function-is-there-a-relationship-recfwnejwdtsh6zux/","name":"Endometriosis and corpus luteum function. Is there a relationship?","headline":"Endometriosis and corpus luteum function. Is there a relationship?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-and-corpus-luteum-function-is-there-a-relationship-recfwnejwdtsh6zux/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"D E Pittaway","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04v8djg66"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A C Wentz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74"}}],"datePublished":"1984-10-01","abstract":"More than 100 years after the first description of endometriosis, the pathophysiology of the disorder still remains an enigma. In addition to infertility, an increased frequency of clinically apparent spontaneous abortions (32% vs. 8-15% in the normal population and 19% in the infertile one) has been found in women with endometriosis and secondary infertility. Treatment of endometriosis with conservative surgery, danazol or both results in a frequency of spontaneous abortion within the range of the normal population's. Although the factors involved in the pathophysiology of endometriosis are probably multiple, abnormal corpus luteum function is a common mechanism that might explain both the infertility and the spontaneous abortions. Several studies suggested a relationship between endometriosis and corpus luteum function, which may be mediated by prostaglandins. However, not all the data have been supportive. We developed a hypothetical scheme (modified from Drake) that outlines possible mechanisms of endometriosis mediated by the adverse effects of increased prostaglandins. Further investigation of this scheme may provide new information about the pathophysiology of endometriosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"29","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"712","pageEnd":"716","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-medroxyprogesterone-acetate-depo-provera-on-prenatal-development-i-recgbkmjdyryrhiei/","name":"The effect of medroxyprogesterone acetate (Depo-Provera) on prenatal development in the baboon (Papio anubis): a preliminary study","headline":"The effect of medroxyprogesterone acetate (Depo-Provera) on prenatal development in the baboon (Papio anubis): a preliminary study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-medroxyprogesterone-acetate-depo-provera-on-prenatal-development-i-recgbkmjdyryrhiei/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ross P. Tarara","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Museums of Kenya","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjpp691"}}],"datePublished":"1984-10-01","abstract":"Six female olive baboons (Papio cynocephalus anubis) were treated with a single dose of 150 mg of Depo-Provera i.m. at day 30 of pregnancy, approximately three times the human dose equivalent on a body weight basis. Fetectomies were performed at day 100 of gestation. The body weights and measurements of the five live fetuses were comparable to age-matched controls and no gross or histologic abnormalities were seen. The dead fetus was in an advanced state of decomposition. This preliminary study suggests that, at levels up to three times that used for human contraception, Depo-Provera does not appear to have any adverse effects on fetal development.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"30","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Teratology"}}},"pageStart":"181","pageEnd":"185","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/tera.1420300205","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72829084"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/tera.1420300205"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6238440"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72829084"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-in-mauritius-indian-ocean-utilization-patterns-and-conti-recnkldp8yigftlo6/","name":"Natural family planning in Mauritius, Indian Ocean: utilization patterns and  continuance predictors","headline":"Natural family planning in Mauritius, Indian Ocean: utilization patterns and  continuance predictors","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-in-mauritius-indian-ocean-utilization-patterns-and-conti-recnkldp8yigftlo6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"G L Conner","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Boston College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02n2fzt79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N W Veeder","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Boston College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02n2fzt79"}}],"datePublished":"1984-10-01","abstract":"Factors associated with discontinuation from an island-wide natural family planning program in Mauritius were examined in 2 stratified random samples of 300 (1976) and 350 (1980) acceptors. The data were gathered through records, educator observations, and field interviews with the 1980 sample. Comparison between those served by the Action Familiale program and characteristics of the Mauritius population as a whole suggests that the natural family planning program serves a somewhat better educated group of couples who have more employment security and smaller families than the general population. Acceptors selected the natural family planning method for reasons such as a desire to have a child according to a plan or to space children (29%), avoidance of the side effects of artificial contraception (21%), or as a result of a recommendation by a friend, relative, or professional (25%). 74% of acceptors in the 1980 sample expressed satisfaction with the method and indicated that their spouse shared this satisfaction. After 3.5-4.5 years of follow-up, 57% of acceptors in the 1976 sample had discontinued use of natural family planning. 9 variables in 4 categories--Administrative, Psychological-Motivational, Educator-Acceptor Relationship, and Family--were predictive of discontinuation. The major factors differentiating discontinuers from continuers were: 1) discontinuers had previously registered at Action Familiale and dropped out; 2) discontinuers placed more emphasis on spacing than on preventing pregnancies; 3) discontinuers discussed fewer topics with their educators; 4) discontinuers and their husbands seemed less interested in the natural method; 5) discontinuers had less family support for natural family planning; 6) educators experienced greater difficulty in teaching discontinuers; 7) discontinuers demonstrated less understanding of the symptothermal method; and 8) educators made fewer preregistration visits to the homes of discontinuers.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Social Service Research"}}},"pageStart":"29","pageEnd":"48","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1300/j079v08n01_03","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38951758"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1300/j079v08n01_03"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12341667"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38951758"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-and-corpus-luteum-function-is-there-a-relationship-kbukm11j/","name":"Endometriosis and corpus luteum function. Is there a relationship?","headline":"Endometriosis and corpus luteum function. Is there a relationship?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-and-corpus-luteum-function-is-there-a-relationship-kbukm11j/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"D E Pittaway","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04v8djg66"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A C Wentz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74"}}],"datePublished":"1984-10-01","abstract":"More than 100 years after the first description of endometriosis, the pathophysiology of the disorder still remains an enigma. In addition to infertility, an increased frequency of clinically apparent spontaneous abortions (32% vs. 8-15% in the normal population and 19% in the infertile one) has been found in women with endometriosis and secondary infertility. Treatment of endometriosis with conservative surgery, danazol or both results in a frequency of spontaneous abortion within the range of the normal population's. Although the factors involved in the pathophysiology of endometriosis are probably multiple, abnormal corpus luteum function is a common mechanism that might explain both the infertility and the spontaneous abortions. Several studies suggested a relationship between endometriosis and corpus luteum function, which may be mediated by prostaglandins. However, not all the data have been supportive. We developed a hypothetical scheme (modified from Drake) that outlines possible mechanisms of endometriosis mediated by the adverse effects of increased prostaglandins. Further investigation of this scheme may provide new information about the pathophysiology of endometriosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"29","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of reproductive medicine"}}},"pageStart":"712","pageEnd":"6","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70716856","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6512779"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70716856"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endocrine-profiles-in-tamoxifen-induced-conception-cycles-recbioi4v00efejmm/","name":"Endocrine profiles in tamoxifen-induced conception cycles","headline":"Endocrine profiles in tamoxifen-induced conception cycles","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endocrine-profiles-in-tamoxifen-induced-conception-cycles-recbioi4v00efejmm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C Tajima","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kumamoto University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02cgss904"}}],"datePublished":"1984-10-01","abstract":"Twenty-five infertile women conceived while taking tamoxifen (TMX). Daily serum profiles of 5 of the 25 TMX-induced conception cycles were elucidated and compared with those found in 5 normal cycles. In spite of lower levels of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone during the follicular phases, estradiol concentrations were higher in the TMX-induced conception cycles. It is suggested that this may be due to a direct ovarian effect of TMX as one of its major mechanisms in the course of folliculogenesis. On the other hand, progesterone concentrations on days 6 and 7 during the luteal phases were also higher in the TMX-induced conception cycles. It is suggested that this may be due to a luteotropic influence at the blastocyst stage.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"42","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"548","pageEnd":"553","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)48137-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70501796"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)48137-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6436061"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70501796"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/causes-of-preterm-delivery-recyrxvfdxtqdgmj9/","name":"Causes of preterm delivery","headline":"Causes of preterm delivery","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/causes-of-preterm-delivery-recyrxvfdxtqdgmj9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Gravett MG"}],"datePublished":"1984-10-01","abstract":"Although major advances have been made in both obstetric care of the high-risk patient and in neonatal care, prematurity and its consequences remain the major contributor to perinatal mortality. The identification of maternal or obstetric risk factors associated with preterm delivery has enhanced our ability to provide special obstetric care to gravidas at increased risk. The selective management of patients at increased risk for preterm delivery may ultimately reduce the incidence of preterm births. Maternal genital infections are also associated with preterm delivery. Further research is needed to explore the pathogenesis of preterm delivery associated with genital infections, since infections may represent a potentially preventable cause of prematurity.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Seminars in Perinatology"}}},"pageStart":"246","pageEnd":"257","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/induction-of-ovulation-with-an-estrogen-antagonist-tamoxifen-recpj6e3rijro0pt8/","name":"Induction of ovulation with an estrogen antagonist, tamoxifen","headline":"Induction of ovulation with an estrogen antagonist, tamoxifen","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/induction-of-ovulation-with-an-estrogen-antagonist-tamoxifen-recpj6e3rijro0pt8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"K Kyono","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5211-7778","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tohoku University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dq60k83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Saito","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4204-1487","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tohoku University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dq60k83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Hirano","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tohoku University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dq60k83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Hoshi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tohoku University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dq60k83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Hoshiai","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tohoku University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dq60k83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Suzuki","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1833-3092","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tohoku University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dq60k83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Tsuiki","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tohoku University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dq60k83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Uehara","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tohoku University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dq60k83"}}],"datePublished":"1984-09-01","abstract":"Tamoxifen (Norvadex), synthesized by the Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd., is a triphenylethylene derivative having a clomiphene-like structure and displays anti-estrogenic activities. In this study we used tamoxifen for the treatment of anovulatory infertility and investigated the clinical results. Induction rate of ovulation recorded 100% in the patients with sporadic anovulatory cycle, 83.3% in those with persistent anovulatory cycle, 70% in those with the first grade amenorrhea type I and 66.7% in those with the first grade amenorrhea type II. However, tamoxifen was absolutely ineffective against the second grade amenorrhea. The patients with sporadic or persistent anovulatory cycle responded to 40 mg-daily tamoxifen-treatment, recording 100% of ovulatory induction rate. The patients with the first grade amenorrhea also responded to 60 mg-daily treatment, indicating 70% of ovulatory induction rate. The rate of pregnancy established in the women desiring pregnancy marked 15.4%, and 2 out of 4 women with successful pregnancy experienced spontaneous abortion. Out of 4 patients who did not respond to the previous clomiphene treatment, 3 women accomplished ovulatory induction with tamoxifen. The endocrinological dynamics in the tamoxifen treatment were similar to those in the clomiphene treatment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"144","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"21","pageEnd":"31","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1620/tjem.144.21","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70508669"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1620/tjem.144.21"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6438832"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70508669"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reduced-frequency-of-pulsatile-luteinizing-hormone-secretion-in-the-luteal-phase-reck1ahzxskdzajsb/","name":"Reduced frequency of pulsatile luteinizing hormone secretion in the luteal phase of the rhesus monkey. Involvement of endogenous opiates","headline":"Reduced frequency of pulsatile luteinizing hormone secretion in the luteal phase of the rhesus monkey. Involvement of endogenous opiates","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reduced-frequency-of-pulsatile-luteinizing-hormone-secretion-in-the-luteal-phase-reck1ahzxskdzajsb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Dean A. Van Vugt","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Ferin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Y Lam","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7212-3091","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172"}}],"datePublished":"1984-09-01","abstract":"Pulsatile secretion of LH in women has been shown to vary during the menstrual cycle. LH pulse frequency during the luteal phase is markedly reduced compared to that in the follicular phase. The objectives of the present study were to determine if similar changes in pulsatile LH secretion occur in the monkey, and whether endogenous opiates are involved in producing these changes. In order to document if LH pulse frequency is reduced in the nonhuman primate luteal phase, serial blood samples were collected from 10 rhesus monkeys at 15-min intervals for 6 h at 3 different times of the luteal phase (early, mid-, and late). This pattern of secretion was contrasted to that observed during the ensuing early follicular phase. LH pulse frequency during the luteal phase was significantly reduced compared to the early follicular phase. Mean pulse frequency (+/- SE) was 0.84 +/- 0.16 pulses/6 h in the luteal phase vs. 2.99 +/- 0.58 pulses/6 h in the early follicular phase. When endogenous opioid activity was blocked during the luteal phase by a 5-h continuous infusion of naloxone (2 mg/h), an opiate antagonist, LH pulse frequency was increased to 2.48 +/- 0.25 pulses/5 h. This frequency was markedly different from the frequency of 0.85 +/- 0.17 pulses/5 h observed in the control period which immediately preceeded the naloxone infusion. The mean amplitude of the LH pulses in the luteal phase, which was significantly greater than that observed in the early follicular phase (20.9 +/- 1.9 ng/ml and 11.7 +/- 0.3 ng/ml) was not affected by naloxone (23.5 +/- 2.4 ng/ml vs. 25.3 +/- 1.9 ng/ml). Infusion of naloxone for longer periods (9 h) in 3 additional monkeys caused an increase in LH pulse frequency which was maintained in 2 of the monkeys, whereas the third animal exhibited only an acute response (a single pulse). These results indicate that the reduction in LH pulse frequency that occurs in the luteal phase of the rhesus menstrual cycle is an event in which endogenous opiates participate. Our previous finding that beta-endorphin release from neurons in the median eminence is stimulated during the luteal phase of the monkey, together with the present results, suggest that beta-endorphin functions as a modulator of pulsatile LH secretion in the primate menstrual cycle.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"115","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"1095","pageEnd":"1101","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/endo-115-3-1095","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71426259"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/endo-115-3-1095"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6745188"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71426259"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preliminary-results-on-the-scanning-electron-microscopic-structure-of-infertile--recwf65gfbqvyqe2k/","name":"Preliminary results on the scanning electron microscopic structure of infertile human cervical mucus","headline":"Preliminary results on the scanning electron microscopic structure of infertile human cervical mucus","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preliminary-results-on-the-scanning-electron-microscopic-structure-of-infertile--recwf65gfbqvyqe2k/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Faccioli G"}],"datePublished":"1984-09-01","abstract":"Interesting data on infertile human membranous mucus compared with infertile filamentous mucus have emerged from previous studies using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The aim of this study was to obtain more information about the infertility of membranous mucus being independent of ovarian hormone stimulus. All different types of mucus, progressively secreted during the menstrual cycle by endocervical muciparous cells, were collected from the cervical canal of a fertile woman with a long menstrual cycle and specifically with a long infertile preovulatory period. The most significant results concern the identification of the cycle phase characterized by the presence of membranous mucus alone, i.e. the infertile preovulatory phase and the hormonal bases of membranous mucus infertility. The conclusion is reached that each ovarian hormone pattern stimulates the secretion of a specific type of mucus during the menstrual cycle.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta Europaea Fertilitatis"}}},"pageStart":"381","pageEnd":"385","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/antiestrogenic-effect-of-clomiphene-citrate-correlation-with-serum-estradiol-con-recifpvxi7fjb0bru/","name":"Antiestrogenic effect of clomiphene citrate: correlation with serum estradiol concentrations","headline":"Antiestrogenic effect of clomiphene citrate: correlation with serum estradiol concentrations","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/antiestrogenic-effect-of-clomiphene-citrate-correlation-with-serum-estradiol-con-recifpvxi7fjb0bru/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Garner CH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C M Herbert","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W S Maxson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D E Pittaway","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04v8djg66"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A C Wentz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74"}}],"datePublished":"1984-09-01","abstract":"The antiestrogenic effect of clomiphene citrate (CC) on cervical mucus was evaluated in women receiving 150 mg CC daily for 5 days. Daily cervical mucus scores and serum estradiol (E2) concentrations were determined in control (n = 25) and CC (n = 24) cycles. E2 concentrations were significantly higher in the CC-treated women (mean +/- standard error of the mean, 1254 +/- 102 pg/ml versus 337 +/- 18 pg/ml, P less than 0.0001). Despite supraphysiologic E2 concentrations, however, cervical mucus scores were significantly reduced in the CC-treated group (P less than 0.01). These data indicate that CC exerts a direct suppressive effect on cervical mucus despite markedly increased E2 concentrations.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"42","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"356","pageEnd":"359","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/canalization-of-human-cervical-mucus-recrukhaiexxbktmo/","name":"Canalization of human cervical mucus","headline":"Canalization of human cervical mucus","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/canalization-of-human-cervical-mucus-recrukhaiexxbktmo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Giacchi E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Messina M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Panetta V"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Moneta E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Campo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8970-3436","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Garcea"}],"datePublished":"1984-08-01","abstract":"Cervical mucus forms channels when dried under a coverslip. The aim of the present work was: 1) to prove mucus canalization both in spontaneous ovulatory cycles and during ovulation induction with gonadotropins; 2) to prove the estrogen dependence of this phenomenon; 3) to check the importance of the proteidic and electrolytic concentration on chaneling; and 4) to use this phenomenon clinically, shortening the time in which it occurs. The number and arrangement of channels vary during the cycle. The phenomenon is estrogen-dependent. The comparison between estradiol values and the number of channels during spontaneous ovulatory cycles and treatment with gonadotropins showed a linear relationship. Treatment with estradiol 17 beta-valerate and ethinyl estradiol induced channel formation in women with primary amenorrhea. Canalization and ferning disappeared after dialysis or treatment with proteolytic enzymes. It follows that the two phenomena have similar characteristics. Canalization increases daily, as does estradiol, whereas ferning maintains the same grade for a longer period, and when a grade of + + + is reached, it provides no further indications. With the use of a thermostat, canalization occurred in only a few hours. Chaneling, a more precise index, could therefore substitute for ferning, particularly when monitoring the induction of ovulation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"64","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"164","pageEnd":"169","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteotropic-effects-of-tamoxifen-in-infertile-women-recdutmhaxl2m25ac/","name":"Luteotropic effects of tamoxifen in infertile women","headline":"Luteotropic effects of tamoxifen in infertile women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteotropic-effects-of-tamoxifen-in-infertile-women-recdutmhaxl2m25ac/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C Tajima","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kumamoto University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02cgss904"}}],"datePublished":"1984-08-01","abstract":"Tamoxifen at a dose of 10 mg/day for 5 days was given to five infertile women in the luteal phase. Daily serum samples were obtained during the luteal phase for radioimmunoassay of progesterone (P), estradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone (LH), and prolactin levels. The integrated luteal phase concentrations of serum P and E2 before and after cycles of tamoxifen treatment increased from 87.8 +/- 16.2 ng/ml and 1120 +/- 164.4 pg/ml to 131.6 +/- 18.9 ng/ml and 1461 +/- 205.2 pg/ml, respectively (P less than 0.01 and P less than 0.05). No apparent increase in circulating LH levels was seen in one of the five cases, but this patient's serum P and E2 levels rose nonetheless. This suggests that the significant increase in circulating P and E2 induced by tamoxifen is not consistently associated with an increase in serum LH concentration.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"42","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"223","pageEnd":"227","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)48017-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70489203"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)48017-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6430723"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70489203"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-randomized-controlled-trial-of-cervical-cerclage-in-women-at-high-risk-of-spon-recu60uvljh7yrpr4/","name":"A randomized controlled trial of cervical cerclage in women at high risk of spontaneous preterm delivery","headline":"A randomized controlled trial of cervical cerclage in women at high risk of spontaneous preterm delivery","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-randomized-controlled-trial-of-cervical-cerclage-in-women-at-high-risk-of-spon-recu60uvljh7yrpr4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S Isaacs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1599-906X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Groote Schuur Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00c879s84"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K McPherson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5486-4945","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oxford","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052gg0110"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Jones","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2206-3320","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oxford","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052gg0110"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"I Chalmers","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9248-8490"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Grant","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1025-4069"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R W Rush","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Cape Town","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03p74gp79"}}],"datePublished":"1984-08-01","abstract":"The effect of cervical suture on pregnancy outcome was studied in 194 women with a high risk (approximately 30%) of having a late abortion or a preterm delivery. The women were randomly allocated either to have a cervical suture inserted (n = 96) or to be managed without a suture (n = 98). There was no evidence that cervical cerclage either prolonged gestation or improved survival. Patients allocated to receive cerclage spent significantly longer in hospital, even when the period of admission for insertion was excluded. The patients in the cerclage group were more likely to receive tocolytic drugs, and more of them experienced puerperal pyrexia, although these differences between the groups were not statistically significant.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"91","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"724","pageEnd":"730","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1984.tb04840.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70372809"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1471-0528.1984.tb04840.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6380564"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70372809"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/retrograde-menstruation-in-healthy-women-and-in-patients-with-endometriosis-rec6bgf5qiksvrj7v/","name":"Retrograde menstruation in healthy women and in patients with endometriosis","headline":"Retrograde menstruation in healthy women and in patients with endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/retrograde-menstruation-in-healthy-women-and-in-patients-with-endometriosis-rec6bgf5qiksvrj7v/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Halme J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hammond MG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hulka JF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Raj SG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Talbert LM"}],"datePublished":"1984-08-01","abstract":"Blood was found in the peritoneal fluid in 90% of women with patent tubes at laparoscopy during perimenstrual time. If the fallopian tubes were occluded, then only 15% of patients had evidence of blood in the pelvis. Also, 90% of patients with endometriosis and eight of nine women on oral contraceptives had bloody fluid during the menstrual period. The present observations indicate that retrograde menstruation through the fallopian tubes into the peritoneal cavity is a very common physiologic event in all menstruating women with patent tubes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"64","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"151","pageEnd":"154","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/silent-chorioamnionitis-as-a-cause-of-preterm-labor-refractory-to-tocolytic-ther-recdhg94rlj7pl58h/","name":"Silent chorioamnionitis as a cause of preterm labor refractory to tocolytic therapy","headline":"Silent chorioamnionitis as a cause of preterm labor refractory to tocolytic therapy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/silent-chorioamnionitis-as-a-cause-of-preterm-labor-refractory-to-tocolytic-ther-recdhg94rlj7pl58h/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Uma Verma","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nassau University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03cc0mm23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Archbald","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nassau University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03cc0mm23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Hameed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4775-9845","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nassau University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03cc0mm23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Tejani","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nassau University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03cc0mm23"}}],"datePublished":"1984-08-01","abstract":"Thirty-seven consecutive patients with singleton pregnancies in \"uncomplicated\" preterm labor with intact membranes suitable for tocolysis were evaluated for evidence of silent chorioamnionitis by means of maternal serum C-reactive protein and amniotic fluid white blood cell count, Gram stain, and cultures. Abnormalities in these markers of infection were found to be significantly more common in cases that were refractory to tocolysis. These cases also showed both pathologic evidence of chorioamnionitis and a significantly greater neonatal early infectious morbidity. We conclude that silent chorioamnionitis is a significant cause of \"uncomplicated\" preterm labor refractory to conventional methods of tocolysis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"149","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"726","pageEnd":"730","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(84)90111-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51840647"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(84)90111-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6465222"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q51840647"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/multicentred-controlled-trial-of-cervical-cerclage-in-women-at-moderate-risk-of--recuqoawqzdfalzpj/","name":"Multicentred controlled trial of cervical cerclage in women at moderate risk of preterm delivery","headline":"Multicentred controlled trial of cervical cerclage in women at moderate risk of preterm delivery","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/multicentred-controlled-trial-of-cervical-cerclage-in-women-at-moderate-risk-of--recuqoawqzdfalzpj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J C Dreyfus","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Gueguen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Lazar","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Papiernik","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Pontonnier","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital de La Grave","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05x8jna23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Renaud","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital de La Grave","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05x8jna23"}}],"datePublished":"1984-08-01","abstract":"A total of 506 women at moderate risk of preterm delivery were randomly allocated to either cervical cerclage or a control group. Significantly more women in the group allocated to cerclage were admitted to hospital for reasons other than the operation and more received oral tocolytic drugs. There were also more caesarean sections and more preterm deliveries in the women allocated to cerclage although the differences between the two groups were small and not statistically significant.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"91","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"731","pageEnd":"735","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1984.tb04841.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70372813"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1471-0528.1984.tb04841.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6380565"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70372813"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/normal-variation-in-the-length-of-the-luteal-phase-of-the-menstrual-cycle-identi-rec5wo2bhylu8qonu/","name":"Normal variation in the length of the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle: identification of the short luteal phase","headline":"Normal variation in the length of the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle: identification of the short luteal phase","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/normal-variation-in-the-length-of-the-luteal-phase-of-the-menstrual-cycle-identi-rec5wo2bhylu8qonu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"BRUT‐MARIE LANDGREN","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Karolinska Institutet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056d84691"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E A Lenton","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jessop Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03wc8tg09"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Sexton","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jessop Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03wc8tg09"}}],"datePublished":"1984-07-01","abstract":"Normal probability plots were used to assess the homogeneity of a population of 327 luteal phases from apparently ovulatory menstrual cycles. The length of the luteal phase was defined as the interval (in days) following but not including, the luteinizing hormone peak, up to and including the day before onset of menstruation. A small sub-set of the population consisted of cycles with abnormally short luteal phases but the majority of the data followed a normal frequency distribution which gave a mean (+/- SD) for normal luteal phase length of 14.13 (+/- 1.41) days. It was estimated that all cycles with a luteal phase less than or equal to 9 days were abnormal, and that 74%, 22% and 2% respectively of cycles with luteal phases of 10, 11 and 12 days were also abnormal. The total incidence of short luteal phases defined as above was 5.2%.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"91","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"685","pageEnd":"689","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1984.tb04831.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34267953"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1471-0528.1984.tb04831.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6743610"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34267953"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-tactile-techniques-for-self-monitoring-of-blood-glucose-in-visually-impai-rec82gvcztxnqv6qi/","name":"Use of tactile techniques for self-monitoring of blood glucose in visually impaired patients with diabetes mellitus","headline":"Use of tactile techniques for self-monitoring of blood glucose in visually impaired patients with diabetes mellitus","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-of-tactile-techniques-for-self-monitoring-of-blood-glucose-in-visually-impai-rec82gvcztxnqv6qi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nenita C Alojado","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Departments of Medicine and Ophthalmology, University of British Columbia and Vancouver General Hospital"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J A Hunt","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3423-2497","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"I S Begg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6753-5366","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02zg69r60"}}],"datePublished":"1984-07-01","abstract":"Twenty-eight patients with type I diabetes mellitus, legally blind as a result of proliferative retinopathy, were recruited into a program designed to teach and evaluate tactile methods for self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG). Vision ranged from \"blind\" to \"able to read large print.\" Techniques with wipe-off strips (Chemstrip bG or BM Test BG, Boehringer-Mannheim, Canada Ltd., Dorval, Quebec, Canada) use the opposite hand as a guide, operation of timing devices by touch, and special methods for labeling and storing strips. Methods with wash-off strips (Dextrostix, Ames Division, Miles Laboratories, Rexdale, Ontario, Canada) employ the fingers as a guide in directing the wash water. The accuracy of tactile methods was documented. Clinical parameters of glucose control improved in patients with adequate data after 6 mo of tactile SMBG. Glycosylated hemoglobin in 17 patients decreased from 11.3 +/- 2.1% to 9.4 +/- 1.5% (P = 0.005). Patients experienced significantly fewer reactions and low blood sugar readings as well as lowering of mean blood glucose values from 158 +/- 56 to 141 +/- 51 (P = 0.025).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Diabetes Care"}}},"pageStart":"313","pageEnd":"317","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.7.4.313","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52273855"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2337/diacare.7.4.313"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6468230"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q52273855"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-effectiveness-of-fertility-awareness-among-the-urban-poor-recbe2kuypgfs8pit/","name":"Use-effectiveness of fertility awareness among the urban poor","headline":"Use-effectiveness of fertility awareness among the urban poor","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-effectiveness-of-fertility-awareness-among-the-urban-poor-recbe2kuypgfs8pit/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Dorairaj K"}],"datePublished":"1984-07-01","abstract":"The efficacy, the ability of Indian women to use the Billings' Ovulation Method, and its effectiveness in helping them to control their fertility was studied in a sample of urban poor living in the Delhi slums. No attempt was made to develop a design which would rigorously test the acceptability of the method because the study was concerned with: the question of the ability of poor women to define fertility and to avoid an unwanted pregnancy by avoiding sexual relations during the fertility period; and the efficacy and use-effectiveness of the modified method which had not been tested. The study, which extended over 36 months, recruited a sample of 5752 eligible acceptors of fertility living in the urban slums. Natural family planning (NFP) use requires recurrent decision making at 2 stages: in the beginning of the menstrual cycle to check for signs of fertility; and to abstain from sexual relations in the fertility period. Age was an important variable in the use of sexual abstinence oriented methods and fertility determining methods. 192 of the acceptors were below 19 years, 1545 between 20-24 years, 2089 between 25-29 years, 1236 between 30-34 years, 520 between 35-39 years, and 170 between 40-44 years. Of 4380 of the 5302 acceptors in Treatment 1 who began to use the method after menstruation, 7 (0.16%) had a profuse discharge and could not distinguish the change in mucus because of cervicitis which was treated in cycle 2. 663 (5.4%) acceptors did not see or feel fertile mucus but noticed patches of infertile mucus throughout the cycle. 419 (69.19%) of them had a family income of less than Rs300 and 25 (3.77%) were open cases of pulmonary tuberculosis. 16 acceptors (0.37%) noticed wetness and lubrication characteristic of fertile type mucus for about 2 hours, 145 (3.31%) for 3-4 hours, and 218 (4.98%) for nearly half a day. 867 (19.79%) had 1 day, 406 (9.27%) 1-1/2 days, 939 (21.44%) for 2 days, 291 (6.64%) 2-1/2 days, 636 (14.52%) for 3 days and 187 (4.27%) 3-1/2 to 4 days of fertile mucus. 1 acceptor had 5 days of fertile mucus. 4 acceptors failed to check regularly and therefore may have missed the fertile period. In Treatment 2 the initial decision to accept the use of the method was made by the 450 husbands before instructing their wives. The continuation rate of 91.86% for 12 months with a standard error of 0.67% was surprisingly high for a sample with low literacy and occupational status, low female work participation rates, small family size and a preference for sons with low motivation to use other methods. There were 9 unplanned pregnancies classified as method failures--pregnancies which occurred in acceptors who followed the method accoring to the instruction but got pregnant. The 1 year efficacy rate (life table analysis) was 99.86%. The 1-year use-effectiveness rate was 97.43% for the 5752 cohort. The high efficacy rate of the method can be due to 2 factors: the correct identification of the fertile mucus; and the ability to clearly distinguish between infertile and fertile mucus.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"34","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Social Action"}}},"pageStart":"286","pageEnd":"306","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteinizing-hormone-receptor-disorder-in-endometriosis-ourmlw5j/","name":"Luteinizing hormone receptor disorder in endometriosis","headline":"Luteinizing hormone receptor disorder in endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteinizing-hormone-receptor-disorder-in-endometriosis-ourmlw5j/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lars Rönnberg","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oulu","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Kauppila","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oulu","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hannu Rajaniemi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4455-9861","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oulu","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83"}}],"datePublished":"1984-07-01","abstract":"Luteinizing hormone (LH) receptor concentrations in ovarian follicles and corpora lutea were measured in 51 patients with histologically proven endometriosis and in 41 control patients. The LH receptor concentrations in cases of endometriosis were lower during the early (0.43 +/- 0.11 [mean +/- standard error] versus 1.31 +/- 0.27 fmol/mg protein; P less than 0.001) and late (0.48 +/- 0.10 versus 1.59 +/- 0.22 fmol/mg protein; P less than 0.001) follicular phase, and during the late luteal phase (2.62 +/- 0.55 versus 4.62 +/- 0.65 fmol/mg protein; P less than 0.05) of the cycle than in control patients. In contrast to the control patients, the LH receptor concentration during the follicular phase remained constant in endometriosis, being lower in patients with extensive or severe disease than in patients with moderate or mild disease (0.28 +/- 0.07 versus 0.61 +/- 0.21 fmol/mg protein; P less than 0.05). Endometriosis-associated infertility might be a consequence of a defect in the mechanism mediating LH action in the ovaries.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"42","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"64","pageEnd":"8","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)47959-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70212888"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)47959-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6327403"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70212888"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adolescent-menstrual-irregularity-4ikxxcwi/","name":"Adolescent menstrual irregularity","headline":"Adolescent menstrual irregularity","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adolescent-menstrual-irregularity-4ikxxcwi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mansfield MJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S J Emans","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4535-7850","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}}],"datePublished":"1984-06-01","abstract":"Amenorrhea and oligomenorrhea in the adolescent female are often the result of anovulation due to an immature hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. A careful history, physical examination and selected laboratory tests can help to differentiate this type of transient menstrual irregularity from the large number of endocrine and anatomic abnormalities that also present in this age group. The HPO axis is not fully mature at menarche. Since the positive feedback response to estrogen, which allows ovulation, is frequently absent in the immediate postmenarchial period, menstrual irregularity is common: 55% of cycles are anovulatory in the 1st year. With further maturation of the HPO axis a pattern of regular ovulatory cycles emerges. Basic evaluation is indicated if menarche does not occur by age 16 or if secondary sexual development does not begin by age 14. Secondary amenorrhea is the absence of menses for at least 3 months in a patient who previously had established cycles. Causes of amenorrhea in adolescents include pregnancy, drugs and systemic diseases, hypothalamic and pituitary amenorrhea, postpill amenorrhea, hyperprolactinemia, androgen resistance, congenital anomalies of the genital tract, and androgen excess.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Reproductive Medicine"},"sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40182853","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6379175"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40182853"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-and-spontaneous-abortion-recyvay7phkvaprpq/","name":"Endometriosis and spontaneous abortion","headline":"Endometriosis and spontaneous abortion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometriosis-and-spontaneous-abortion-recyvay7phkvaprpq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M Groll","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1660-340X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Thomas Jefferson University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04zhhva53"}}],"datePublished":"1984-06-01","abstract":"There seems to be an association of first-trimester spontaneous abortion and untreated endometriosis. In this report, 52% of an untreated group of patients with endometriosis aborted. However, 12% of a second group of surgically treated patients and 7% of a third group of patients treated with danazol aborted. Therefore, either medical or surgical therapy for endometriosis lowers the abortion rate significantly.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"41","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"933","pageEnd":"935","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)47911-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70479766"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)47911-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6427022"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70479766"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-randomized-study-of-dexamethasone-in-ovulation-induction-with-clomiphene-citra-rec6skvkmk4noz9hx/","name":"A randomized study of dexamethasone in ovulation induction with clomiphene citrate","headline":"A randomized study of dexamethasone in ovulation induction with clomiphene citrate","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-randomized-study-of-dexamethasone-in-ovulation-induction-with-clomiphene-citra-rec6skvkmk4noz9hx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"D C Daly","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Connecticut","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02der9h97"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D H Riddick","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UConn Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02kzs4y22"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Soto-Albors","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6034-8234","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Tohan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Connecticut","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02der9h97"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C A Walters","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8818-2069","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Connecticut","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02der9h97"}}],"datePublished":"1984-06-01","abstract":"Improved understanding of follicular dynamics has led to a reevaluation of suppression of adrenal androgens in ovulation induction. To test whether adrenal suppression during clomiphene citrate (CC) therapy would improve ovulation/pregnancy rates, 64 anovulatory patients who had not previously received CC were randomly assigned to receive either 50 mg CC on days 5 to 9 alone or with 0.5 mg dexamethasone (CC + DEX). Patients were then screened for dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) (normal range, 80 to 320 micrograms/dl), prolactin, testosterone, and semen analysis of the partner. Nine patients discontinued participation prior to completing the first treatment cycle, and ten patients were found to have either elevated prolactin (4), severe male factors (3), or tubal disease (3) and were discontinued. CC was increased 50 mg/day per cycle through 150 mg/day until ovulation occurred. Once the patient was ovulatory on therapy, a properly timed postcoital test and endometrial biopsy for luteal phase defect were performed. If anovulatory at 150 mg/day of CC or demonstrating abnormal postcoital test or endometrial biopsy at 150 mg/day of CC, patients were crossed to the other arm of the treatment protocol. The results revealed a significantly higher rate of ovulation (P less than 0.01) and conception (P less than 0.05) in the CC + DEX-treated group. When correlated with DHEA-S levels, this improvement occurred in patients with DHEA-S greater than 200 micrograms/dl (P less than 0.05).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"41","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"844","pageEnd":"848","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)47896-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72815154"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)47896-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6233176"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72815154"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/neuroendocrine-regulation-of-the-corpus-luteum-in-the-human-evidence-for-pulsati-recjcrzclpbuxwoh5/","name":"Neuroendocrine regulation of the corpus luteum in the human. Evidence for  pulsatile progesterone secretion","headline":"Neuroendocrine regulation of the corpus luteum in the human. Evidence for  pulsatile progesterone secretion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/neuroendocrine-regulation-of-the-corpus-luteum-in-the-human-evidence-for-pulsati-recjcrzclpbuxwoh5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Marco Filicori","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4995-0317","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Crowley WF Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"WILLIAM F. CROWLEY","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2878-0881"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Butler","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}}],"datePublished":"1984-06-01","abstract":"The pattern of episodic gonadotropin release was studied in 15 normal female volunteers during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle with 24 h of blood sampling for follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels at 10-min intervals. Six subjects (two in the early, two in the mid-, and two in the late luteal phase) also had each of these specimens processed for progesterone levels. A progressive slowing of LH pulsations was present across the luteal phase with the mean LH pulse frequency declining from 15.2 pulses/24 h in the early to 8.4/24 h in the late luteal phase. A trend towards reduction in the amplitude of LH pulses was also observed (12.3 +/- 2.2 SD mIU/ml in the early vs. 8.6 +/- 3.4 mIU/ml in the late luteal phase; NS). In addition, LH pulses of heterogeneous amplitude were identified during the same 24-h study. The mean +/- SD of the larger and of the smaller LH pulses was 16.9 +/- 4.7 and 2.3 +/- 1.0 mIU/ml, respectively (P less than 0.001). While the slowing of the frequency of all LH pulses correlated well (r = 0.80, P less than 0.001) with the day of the luteal phase and poorly with the actual plasma progesterone levels, the incidence of the small LH pulses was highest in the mid-luteal phase and correlated well with the mean progesterone plasma levels (r = 0.63, P less than 0.01). In the early luteal phase, the pattern of progesterone secretion was stable over the 24-h studies and showed no relationship to episodic LH release. In contrast, in the midand late luteal phase, plasma progesterone concentrations rapidly fluctuated during the 24-h studies from levels as low as 2.3 to peaks of 40.1 ng/ml, often within the course of minutes. Progesterone increments closely attended episodes of LH release, as documented by the significant (P less than 0.05) cross-correlation between LH and progesterone levels, at time lags of 25-55 min. The results of this study indicate that in the human luteal phase: (a) the frequency of pulsatile release of LH declines progressively and correlates well with the duration of exposure to progressively and correlates well with the duration of exposure to progesterone; (b) the amplitude of LH pulses varies with the appearance of an increased percentage of smaller pulses correlating well with the acute level of progesterone; (c) in the early luteal phase, the pattern of progesterone secretion is stable; (d) in the midand late luteal phase, progesterone secretion is episodic, and correlates with LH pulsatile release; and (e) single progesterone estimations in the midand late luteal phase do not accurately reflect corpus luteum adequacy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"73","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Investigation"}}},"pageStart":"1638","pageEnd":"1647","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI111370","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35208913"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1172/JCI111370"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6427277"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35208913"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/outcome-of-progesterone-treatment-of-luteal-phase-inadequacy-recsm9db75exsjpfn/","name":"Outcome of progesterone treatment of luteal phase inadequacy","headline":"Outcome of progesterone treatment of luteal phase inadequacy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/outcome-of-progesterone-treatment-of-luteal-phase-inadequacy-recsm9db75exsjpfn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Garner CH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C M Herbert","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W S Maxson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A C Wentz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74"}}],"datePublished":"1984-06-01","abstract":"Diagnosis, choice of therapy, and pregnancy outcome were analyzed in 79 women evaluated for luteal phase inadequacy. Criteria for the diagnosis were established, and groups at risk for luteal inadequacy were identified. Treatment choices, tailored to the suspected cause, included progesterone suppositories in 54 women, with 23 pregnancies and 19 deliveries; clomiphene citrate in 6 women, with 2 pregnancies and deliveries; and combined treatment in 7 women, with 5 pregnancies and 4 deliveries. Eight women received no treatment, including three who underwent endometrial biopsy in the cycle of conception and who subsequently delivered. These data suggest that careful diagnosis and the proper choice of treatment are important, and that progesterone supplementation may result in improved pregnancy outcome for patients with infertility and pregnancy wastage who have luteal phase inadequacy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"41","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"856","pageEnd":"862","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adhesion-prevention-by-solutions-of-sodium-carboxymethylcellulose-in-the-rat-i-recln3hehcbkwbkj6/","name":"Adhesion prevention by solutions of sodium carboxymethylcellulose in the rat. I","headline":"Adhesion prevention by solutions of sodium carboxymethylcellulose in the rat. I","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adhesion-prevention-by-solutions-of-sodium-carboxymethylcellulose-in-the-rat-i-recln3hehcbkwbkj6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R A Ahokas","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tennessee Health Science Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0011qv509"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R J Bury","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tennessee Health Science Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0011qv509"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T E Elkins","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tennessee Health Science Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0011qv509"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C A Homsey","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tennessee Health Science Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0011qv509"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F W Ling","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tennessee Health Science Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0011qv509"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L R Malinak","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tennessee Health Science Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0011qv509"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J L Ritter","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tennessee Health Science Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0011qv509"}}],"datePublished":"1984-06-01","abstract":"Solutions of sodium carboxymethylcellulose (SCMC) were studied in rats to determine their longevity within the peritoneal cavity and their potential for prevention of postoperative intraperitoneal adhesions. In 18 rats, test solutions of SCMC and 10% dextran 40 were instilled at laparotomy. At 48 hours copious amounts of SCMC remained, whereas no 10% dextran 40 could be detected. In addition, standardized surgical injury was produced on the ceca of 100 rats at laparotomy. All control animals had significant adhesions at 2 weeks. Eighty-two percent of the 10% dextran 40 group had significant adhesions, while only 16% of the 0.9 wt% SCMC and 17% of the 1.0 wt% SCMC groups had significant adhesions. Solutions of SCMC were significantly more effective than 10% dextran 40 in the prevention of adhesions (P less than 0.001). Properties of SCMC and a possible mechanism for its striking effectiveness in adhesion prevention in this study are discussed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"41","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"926","pageEnd":"928","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)47909-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72733023"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)47909-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6202559"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72733023"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/failure-of-human-oocyte-release-at-ovulation-recwoxekg23pn3uqy/","name":"Failure of human oocyte release at ovulation","headline":"Failure of human oocyte release at ovulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/failure-of-human-oocyte-release-at-ovulation-recwoxekg23pn3uqy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"James Stanger"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J L Yovich","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9583-3683","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Western Australia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047272k79"}}],"datePublished":"1984-06-01","abstract":"Among 150 patients admitted for ovum aspiration, in vitro fertilization, and embryo transfer in Perth, Western Australia, 14 were found to have had at least one ovulated follicle at the time of laparoscopy. Based upon ultrasound estimation of follicle diameter 24 hours previously, ovulation occurred in 6 of 22 follicles less than 1.7 cm in mean diameter and in 16 of 19 follicles greater than 1.7 cm in mean diameter. When the ruptured follicles were flushed with heparinized fertilization medium, oocytes were collected in 13 of the 22 dispersed follicles. Twelve oocytes developed pronuclei 16 hours after the addition of spermatozoa, and 11 cleaved to the 4-cell stage within 44 hours of insemination. Oocytes were recovered from 6 of 11 patients stimulated with clomiphene alone and from all 3 patients stimulated with clomiphene supplemented with human menopausal gonadotropin. These observations suggest that oocyte release and follicle rupture are not necessarily synonymous events and that the incidence of retained oocytes in ovulated follicles following stimulation with clomiphene or clomiphene plus human menopausal gonadotropin could be on the order of 60%.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"41","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"827","pageEnd":"832","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)47893-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72815151"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)47893-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6233175"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72815151"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-single-woman-and-artificial-insemination-by-donor-reci5reilxjaqtxya/","name":"The single woman and artificial insemination by donor","headline":"The single woman and artificial insemination by donor","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-single-woman-and-artificial-insemination-by-donor-reci5reilxjaqtxya/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Strong C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Schinfeld JS"}],"datePublished":"1984-05-01","abstract":"Requests by single women for artificial insemination by donor (AID) raise important ethical issues concerning the obligations of physicians and the well-being of the children who would be conceived. Specific objections to AID for single women can be raised, including that the absence of a father may adversely affect the child or that a lesbian mother may influence the child to become homosexual. A review of the relevant social science research indicates, however, that these and other objections are not supported by the available data. In support of AID for single women it can be argued that the life of the child who would be produced could be expected to have value, considered in itself. Consideration of the various aspects of the issue suggests that AID for single women is permissible in selected cases and that the physician has a right to refuse to carry out such requests.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"29","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"293","pageEnd":"299","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assessment-and-hormonal-treatment-of-the-luteal-phase-of-in-vitro-fertilization--recf4xtbrsefdpmhm/","name":"Assessment and hormonal treatment of the luteal phase of in vitro fertilization cycles","headline":"Assessment and hormonal treatment of the luteal phase of in vitro fertilization cycles","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/assessment-and-hormonal-treatment-of-the-luteal-phase-of-in-vitro-fertilization--recf4xtbrsefdpmhm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J L Yovich","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9583-3683","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Western Australia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047272k79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"James Stanger"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jeanne M. Yovich B.Sc."},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ann I. Tuvik SRN"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A I Tuvik"}],"datePublished":"1984-05-01","abstract":"Luteal phase lengths and hormonal profiles (progesterone, oestradiol-17 beta, beta HCG and prolactin) have been documented in 77 cases derived from a series of patients undergoing IVF. Nineteen pregnancies were generated during this series and 12 healthy infants have already been delivered. Luteal phase lengths were 14.5 +/- 0.5 days with 14.3% demonstrating mid-luteal progesterone levels of less than 31 nmols/l, considered to be low for successful conception. A random study of luteal support regimens comparing HCG or medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) with nil therapy was studied in a series of 44 consecutive embryo transfers during which 10 pregnancies were achieved. No difference was noted in the pregnancy rates for the 3 groups but the pregnancy outcome was better in those who had HCG support and this was more apparent in the overall series of 19 pregnancies. A significant luteotrophic effect was noted with HCG support regimens whilst MPA appeared to have a luteal suppressant action. Six pregnancies which aborted with blighted ova were derived from cycles in which the luteal phase progesterone levels were low raising the possibility that a poor hormonal environment may predispose to blighted ova.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Australian & New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"125","pageEnd":"130","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1479-828x.1984.tb01472.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72749792"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1479-828x.1984.tb01472.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6208891"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72749792"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-ovulation-method-of-family-planning-recmrzqxc3fhv7el9/","name":"The ovulation method of family planning","headline":"The ovulation method of family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-ovulation-method-of-family-planning-recmrzqxc3fhv7el9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Muzzerall L"}],"datePublished":"1984-05-01","abstract":"With the Billings Ovulation Method of natural family planning, women chart the symptoms of changes of their cervical mucus to determine when they are ovulating. The Ovulation Method is simple to learn, and some studies have shown it to be 98.5% effective. It can be used throughout a woman's child-bearing years. Unlike other methods of natural family planning, a woman need not have regular menstrual cycles to use the Ovulation Method. Usually, volunteer married couples trained in the method teach it; however, the physician's support can greatly increase the competence of these instructors.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"30","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Canadian Family Physician Medecin De Famille Canadien"}},"pageStart":"1107","pageEnd":"1109","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/psychiatric-disorder-in-pregnancy-and-the-first-postnatal-year-recg95vrmretqxruu/","name":"Psychiatric disorder in pregnancy and the first postnatal year","headline":"Psychiatric disorder in pregnancy and the first postnatal year","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/psychiatric-disorder-in-pregnancy-and-the-first-postnatal-year-recg95vrmretqxruu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sheryl Elliott","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0228-9210"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A J Rugg-Gunn","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7495-1894","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University Hospital Lewisham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vgz8j88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dean Brough","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3622-7218"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A J Rugg"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Watson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Guy's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04r33pf22"}}],"datePublished":"1984-05-01","abstract":"We interviewed 128 women regularly during pregnancy and the first postnatal year. Psychiatric interviews identified eight 'cases' of psychiatric disorder (6 per cent) in early pregnancy and twenty 'cases' (16 per cent) at six weeks after birth. Postnatal affective disorder, which accounted for 15 of these cases, was significantly associated with dissatisfaction with the marital relationship and also with previous psychiatric history. The implications of the term 'postnatal depression' are considered in terms of the course of the disorder in the 29 women (23 per cent) who had episodes of affective disorder at some time during pregnancy and the postnatal year. We found that the majority of episodes of affective disorder could be understood in terms of previous psychiatric history and/or reaction to life-events, including the stress of childbirth itself.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"144","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The British Journal of Psychiatry : the Journal of Mental Science"}}},"pageStart":"453","pageEnd":"462","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.144.5.453","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71386770"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1192/bjp.144.5.453"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6733369"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71386770"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prolactin-production-from-proliferative-phase-leiomyoma-rec82g4jmd2kw7xm9/","name":"Prolactin production from proliferative phase leiomyoma","headline":"Prolactin production from proliferative phase leiomyoma","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prolactin-production-from-proliferative-phase-leiomyoma-rec82g4jmd2kw7xm9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Andreoli","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Chapitis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"BC Cancer Agency","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03sfybe47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D C Daly","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Connecticut","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02der9h97"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S T Kuslis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D H Riddick","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UConn Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02kzs4y22"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C A Walters","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8818-2069","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Connecticut","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02der9h97"}}],"datePublished":"1984-04-15","abstract":"In vivo and in vitro endometrial stromal synthesis of prolactin occurs after progesterone-induced decidualization. Synthesis of prolactin by myometrium in vitro suggests that cells whose embryologic origin is the loose mesenchyme surrounding the paramesonephric ducts may retain the capacity to synthesize prolactin. Since physiologic myometrial synthesis of prolactin has not been demonstrated in vivo, prolactin genome expression in pathologic conditions was considered. Follicular phase leiomyomas were diced to 8 mm3 and cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) with either no hormones, estradiol 200 pg/ml, progesterone 20 ng/ml, or estradiol and progesterone. Media were sampled and changed every other day for 8 days, followed by culture in tritium-labeled leucine DMEM for 2 days. Portions of leiomyomas were homogenized for initial prolactin content, and all samples were assayed for prolactin by radioimmunoassay. Follicular phase leiomyomas contained prolactin (47 +/- 15 ng/gm) in excess of normal serum values. Synthesis was demonstrated during all time periods from leiomyomas not exposed to progesterone. Progesterone variably suppressed the synthesis of prolactin until after 144 hours of culture. Determination of molecular weight on a 60 by 1.5 cm Sephadex G-100 column revealed identical estimates for pituitary, decidual, and leiomyoma prolactin. Tritium-labeled leucine incorporation into prolactin was confirmed by immunoprecipitation of Sephadex G-100 column fractions. Similar antigenicity was confirmed by parallel dilution curves for pituitary, decidual, and leiomyoma prolactin. Preliminary bioactivity in lymphoma proliferation assays confirmed prolactin activity. The conclusion reached was that proliferative phase leiomyomas contained elevated prolactin presumably secondary to in vivo synthesis. This synthesis was confirmed in vitro.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"148","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1059","pageEnd":"1063","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9378(84)90445-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71316359"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0002-9378(84)90445-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6711639"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71316359"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/tamoxifen-in-the-treatment-of-infertile-patients-associated-with-inadequate-lute-recwlp23zin36mk4m/","name":"Tamoxifen in the treatment of infertile patients associated with inadequate luteal phase","headline":"Tamoxifen in the treatment of infertile patients associated with inadequate luteal phase","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/tamoxifen-in-the-treatment-of-infertile-patients-associated-with-inadequate-lute-recwlp23zin36mk4m/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C Tajima","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kumamoto University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02cgss904"}}],"datePublished":"1984-03-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"41","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"470","pageEnd":"472","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)47730-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70466255"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)47730-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6421628"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70466255"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-bases-of-the-correspondence-between-microscopic-and-ultramicroscopic-fe-reczmotf0cfrdfr5y/","name":"Hormonal bases of the correspondence between microscopic and ultramicroscopic features of human cervical mucus","headline":"Hormonal bases of the correspondence between microscopic and ultramicroscopic features of human cervical mucus","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-bases-of-the-correspondence-between-microscopic-and-ultramicroscopic-fe-reczmotf0cfrdfr5y/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Faccioli G"}],"datePublished":"1984-03-01","abstract":"By studying the changes of microscopic and ultramicroscopic structure of cervical mucus and the corresponding changes of ovarian hormone levels throughout the cycle, a close correspondence was found between micro and ultramicrostructures. The optical structure of non canalized mucus and the electronic features of membranous mucus maintained a similarly unvaried morphology in spite of the striking changes in hormonal levels during the cycle. On the contrary, a varied morphology corresponding to the changes of cyclic levels of ovarian hormones was observed in the optical structure of canalized mucus and in the electronic features of filamentous mucus. Therefore, whatever its micro or ultramicroscopic features, the dehydrated mucus showed two components, one dependent and the other independent of ovarian hormones. A similar conclusion has also been reached for fresh mucus components.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta Europaea Fertilitatis"}}},"pageStart":"131","pageEnd":"136","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-in-the-philippines-rectolxtpuuwlhxpx/","name":"Natural family planning in the Philippines","headline":"Natural family planning in the Philippines","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-in-the-philippines-rectolxtpuuwlhxpx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Laing JE"}],"datePublished":"1984-03-01","abstract":"The calendar rhythm method of natural family planning (NFP) is one of the most popular contraceptive methods in the Philippines. As a result, the Philippines has one of the highest NFP prevalence rates in the developing world. In recent years, family planning program officials have become increasingly interested in improving the practice of NFP, both by improving the quality of rhythm practice and by introducing newer, more accurate NFP methods. Over the years a substantial body of research data related to NFP practice in the Philippines has accumulated. This paper presents major findings from past research on NFP in the Philippines, discusses their implications for program management, describes current research, and suggests needs for future research.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Studies in Family Planning"}}},"pageStart":"49","pageEnd":"61","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/attitudes-toward-the-rhythm-method-in-the-philippines-recxy4qwmamrmmo8u/","name":"Attitudes toward the rhythm method in the Philippines","headline":"Attitudes toward the rhythm method in the Philippines","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/attitudes-toward-the-rhythm-method-in-the-philippines-recxy4qwmamrmmo8u/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Verzosa CC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Llamas N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mahoney RT"}],"datePublished":"1984-03-01","abstract":"Two sets of focus group discussions on the advantages and disadvantages of the rhythm method were carried out in the Philippines in 1980 and 1981. The first discussions were held among 30 women and nine men 21-40 years of age, and the second among eight women 25-35 years of age who had voluntary pregnancy terminations after the method had failed. Among the perceived advantages of rhythm were that it permits spontaneous intercourse on the safe days and has no bad side effects. Among the perceived disadvantages were that it is ineffective, especially for women with irregular periods, and it requires abstinence. The women who had had voluntary pregnancy terminations discussed their motivations and rationales and the methods that they had used. The information obtained from the discussions formed the basis for support materials that are now used throughout the country.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Studies in Family Planning"}}},"pageStart":"74","pageEnd":"78","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preventing-postoperative-pelvic-adhesions-with-intraperitoneal-treatment-reczzuie4qch2avms/","name":"Preventing postoperative pelvic adhesions with intraperitoneal treatment","headline":"Preventing postoperative pelvic adhesions with intraperitoneal treatment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preventing-postoperative-pelvic-adhesions-with-intraperitoneal-treatment-reczzuie4qch2avms/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Alan H DeCherney","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4095-1383","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}}],"datePublished":"1984-03-01","abstract":"Postoperative pelvic adhesions represent a major challenge to the surgeon operating to correct or prevent infertility. Many approaches have been tried, but intraperitoneal treatment seems to be the most efficacious. Some major landmarks led to the development of the intraperitoneal substances currently used to prevent postoperative pelvic adhesions. On comparing the data on both animals and humans we see that high-molecular-weight dextran seems to be superior to other substances. Much work needs to be done to enhance this adjunctive therapy since excellent surgical technique alone seems insufficient. The future emphasis will probably be on these medications in conjunction with precise surgical techniques and adjunctive intraperitoneal therapy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"29","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"157","pageEnd":"161","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-treatment-regimens-for-neisseria-gonorrhoeae-on-simultaneous-infection-recgh60i2lefb7jgy/","name":"Effect of treatment regimens for Neisseria gonorrhoeae on simultaneous infection with Chlamydia trachomatis","headline":"Effect of treatment regimens for Neisseria gonorrhoeae on simultaneous infection with Chlamydia trachomatis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-treatment-regimens-for-neisseria-gonorrhoeae-on-simultaneous-infection-recgh60i2lefb7jgy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mary Guinan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Johnson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7632-5184","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K K Holmes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4673-8401","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University Press","sameAs":"https://ror.org/006v7bf86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W M McCormack","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University Press","sameAs":"https://ror.org/006v7bf86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W E Stamm","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Starcher","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University Press","sameAs":"https://ror.org/006v7bf86"}}],"datePublished":"1984-03-01","abstract":"We evaluated the effect of treatment of gonorrhea on simultaneous Chlamydia trachomatis infection by randomly assigning 293 heterosexual men and 246 heterosexual women with gonorrhea to receive one of the following treatment regimens: (1) 4.8 million units of aqueous procaine penicillin plus 1 g of probenecid, (2) nine tablets of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole daily for three days, or (3) 500 mg of tetracycline four times a day for five days. Among the men, gonococcal infection was cured in 99 per cent given penicillin plus probenecid, 96 per cent given trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and 98 per cent given tetracycline. Among the women, only 90 per cent given tetracycline were cured, in contrast to 97 per cent given penicillin plus probenecid and 99 per cent given trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Chlamydial infection, present in 15 per cent of the men and 26 per cent of the women, was cured in 30 of 32 patients given trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and 27 of 29 given tetracycline, but in only 10 of 23 given penicillin plus probenecid. Among chlamydia-positive patients, postgonococcal urethritis in men and cervicitis in women occurred more often in patients given penicillin plus probenecid. Salpingitis developed in 6 of 20 women given penicillin plus probenecid, but in only 1 of 26 given trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and in none of 24 given tetracycline. We conclude that the use of penicillin plus probenecid alone for gonorrhea in heterosexual patients carries an unacceptably high risk of postgonococcal chlamydial morbidity. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and tetracycline were highly effective against both pathogens and were well tolerated in men, but both drugs caused frequent side effects in women. The failure of tetracycline to cure gonorrhea in 10 per cent of women argues against its use alone; treatment with penicillin followed by tetracycline has been recommended for further trial.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"310","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"545","pageEnd":"549","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM198403013100901","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37905968"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJM198403013100901"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6363935"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37905968"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/high-molecular-weight-dextran-in-human-infertility-surgery-reco8xryxanhufvw1/","name":"High-molecular weight dextran in human infertility surgery","headline":"High-molecular weight dextran in human infertility surgery","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/high-molecular-weight-dextran-in-human-infertility-surgery-reco8xryxanhufvw1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J A Board","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/057xmsr27"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S M Rosenberg","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UConn Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02kzs4y22"}}],"datePublished":"1984-02-15","abstract":"The use of intraperitoneal 32% high-molecular weight dextran 70 (Hyskon, Pharmacia Inc.) has been reported to reduce the incidence of surgical adhesions in several species. The present study was undertaken to determine the effect of 32% dextran 70 in human females who underwent major abdominal infertility operations. Adhesions were quantitated by means of standardized objective criteria in 44 women in a prospective, randomized, double-blind study, and reevaluated at second-look laparoscopy approximately 6 weeks later. The mean change in the adhesion score for all patients in the 32% dextran 70 group (n = 23) was -2.57 units (i.e., clinically \"improved\") versus +2.41 units (i.e., clinically \"worsened\") in the control group (n = 21), p = 0.016. For the subgroup of patients who underwent lysis of adhesions, the 32% dextran 70 group (n = 17) improved significantly, whereas the control group (n = 12) tended not to improve with careful technique alone (-4.2 units versus +0.3 unit, p less than 0.05). These data indicate that 32% dextran 70 not only significantly reduces the formation of adhesions overall in human infertility operations, but also is highly effective in reducing the reformation of adhesions after lysis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"148","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"380","pageEnd":"385","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(84)90711-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47242299"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(84)90711-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6198914"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47242299"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cervical-mucus-as-a-biological-sign-of-fertility-and-infertility-reclbdrybpehsy16q/","name":"Cervical mucus as a biological sign of fertility and infertility","headline":"Cervical mucus as a biological sign of fertility and infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cervical-mucus-as-a-biological-sign-of-fertility-and-infertility-reclbdrybpehsy16q/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J J Billings","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9513-4057","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Vincent's HospitalMelbourne"}}],"datePublished":"1984-02-01","abstract":"The ovulation method makes women aware of certain changes in their cervical mucus. These modifications help to distinguish the beginning and end of the cycle's fertile period and indicate the time of maximum fertility. In addition to pinpointing the date of ovulation, the method permits the user to know she is not fertile when there is no ovulation. The principle of the method is the state of \"basic infertility\" which preceeds follicular development. The method cannot be implemented with success unless it is properly acquired. After some preliminary considerations regarding the fertile period, ovluation detection and periodic abstinence, some clinical and hormonal observations are compared in 2 basic studies in order to show to what extent cervical mucus reflects ovarian activity. The application of the method requires an understanding of the \"basic infertility profile\" and 2 sets of rules regarding the 1st days and the peak sign which indicate respectively the beginning and end of the fertile period. The criteria of an ideal birth control method and the importance of proper teaching are also dealt with. With regard to Natural Family Planning, 2 problems are pointed out--incomplete terminology in data collection and absence of a positive and detailed approach to periodic abstinence. (author's modified)","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception, Fertilite, Sexualite"}}},"pageStart":"379","pageEnd":"380","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/high-affinity-progesterone-binding-sites-of-human-uterine-microsomal-membranes-recssaqbgzwwsmmol/","name":"High affinity progesterone binding sites of human uterine microsomal membranes","headline":"High affinity progesterone binding sites of human uterine microsomal membranes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/high-affinity-progesterone-binding-sites-of-human-uterine-microsomal-membranes-recssaqbgzwwsmmol/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M Haukkamaa","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Helsinki","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040af2s02"}}],"datePublished":"1984-02-01","abstract":"Microsomal membranes sedimented at 40 000 g were prepared from human myometrium samples. The progesterone binding properties of microsomal suspensions were determined by incubating microsomes and [3H]progesterone at 4 degrees C. Dextran-coated charcoal was used for the separation of bound and free steroids. Membrane-associated progesterone binding sites of high affinity were identified in microsomes prepared from pregnant and nonpregnant uteri. The binding was saturable (Kd approximately 4 X 10(-9) M, concentration of binding sites 400-900 fmol/mg microsomal protein) and specific for natural progesterone. Of 21 steroids tested only 21-hydroxy-4-pregnene-3,20-dione, 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone and testosterone showed moderate competition against progesterone with relative affinities between 7.0-20.0% (R.A. of progesterone 100%). 5 alpha-Dihydroprogesterone and 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone showed weak cross reaction (relative affinities 2.5 and 2.0%, respectively). Corticosteroids, estrogens and the 5 synthetic progestins tested showed only weak competition with relative affinities lower than 1.0%. These microsomal progesterone binding sites of high affinity and limited capacity resemble steroid hormone receptors but they are different from the soluble cytosolic progesterone receptor of human uterus in terms of steroid specificity. The physiological function of this microsomal progesterone receptor is unknown.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"20","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Steroid Biochemistry"}}},"pageStart":"569","pageEnd":"573","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-4731(84)90125-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71305149"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0022-4731(84)90125-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6708539"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71305149"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/correlation-of-maternal-serum-c-reactive-protein-with-outcome-of-tocolysis-recueljldzwuy5k6v/","name":"Correlation of maternal serum C-reactive protein with outcome of tocolysis","headline":"Correlation of maternal serum C-reactive protein with outcome of tocolysis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/correlation-of-maternal-serum-c-reactive-protein-with-outcome-of-tocolysis-recueljldzwuy5k6v/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Handwerker SM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tejani NA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Archbald","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nassau University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03cc0mm23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"U L Verma"}],"datePublished":"1984-02-01","abstract":"Subclinical intrauterine infection is an important cause of preterm labor, specifically where tocolysis has failed. Fifty patients in preterm labor with singleton pregnancies were studied prospectively to determine whether the presence or absence of C-reactive protein, a nonspecific marker for infection, would correlate with success or failure of tocolysis. Of the 50 patients, tocolysis failed in 11 of 15 women with a positive C-reactive protein determination. Tocolysis succeeded in 33 of 35 cases where C-reactive protein was negative (P less than .0005). Urinary tract infection occurred in 40% of the study patients, but was not a confounding factor in the interpretation of C-reactive protein.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"63","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"220","pageEnd":"224","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/high-testosterone-and-low-progesterone-circulating-levels-in-premenopausal-patie-recplnaszoth18wif/","name":"High testosterone and low progesterone circulating levels in premenopausal patients with hyperplasia and cancer of the breast","headline":"High testosterone and low progesterone circulating levels in premenopausal patients with hyperplasia and cancer of the breast","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/high-testosterone-and-low-progesterone-circulating-levels-in-premenopausal-patie-recplnaszoth18wif/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S Di Pietro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8038-7940","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dwj7825"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Fariselli","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dwj7825"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Recchione","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dwj7825"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Secreto","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9381-166X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dwj7825"}}],"datePublished":"1984-02-01","abstract":"Serum testosterone, progesterone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin, and sex hormone-binding globulin levels were measured in 55 normal controls, in 31 patients with hyperplastic alterations of breast epithelium, and in 23 patients with breast cancer. All patients and controls were premenopausal, and they were comparable for age, weight, and body surface. In the controls, the mean level of testosterone [0.47 +/- 0.16 (S.D.) ng/ml] was lower and the mean level of progesterone (17.63 +/- 8.11 ng/ml) was higher than in breast cancer patients [testosterone level, 0.62 +/- 0.22 ng/ml (p less than 0.005); progesterone level, 11.4 +/- 8.0 ng/ml (p less than 0.005)] and in patients with breast epithelial hyperplasia [testosterone level, 0.55 +/- 0.2 ng/ml (p less than or equal to 0.05); progesterone level, 13.9 +/- 8.6 ng/ml (p less than 0.05)]. No difference was found in the mean circulating levels of luteinizing hormone, prolactin, or sex hormone-binding globulin between controls and patients. These results confirm previous findings of increased urinary testosterone excretion in women with anovulatory menstrual cycles and epithelial hyperplasia or cancer of the breast and strongly support the hypothesis that androgens play an important role in both induction and development of breast cancer.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"44","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cancer Research"}}},"pageStart":"841","pageEnd":"844","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/treatment-of-infertile-women-with-a-deficient-postcoital-test-with-two-antiestro-recs4b3df6noxpspd/","name":"Treatment of infertile women with a deficient postcoital test with two antiestrogens: clomiphene and tamoxifen","headline":"Treatment of infertile women with a deficient postcoital test with two antiestrogens: clomiphene and tamoxifen","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/treatment-of-infertile-women-with-a-deficient-postcoital-test-with-two-antiestro-recs4b3df6noxpspd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"F J Roumen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2319-4808","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Radboud University Nijmegen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016xsfp80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W H Doesburg","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Radboud University Nijmegen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016xsfp80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Rolland","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Radboud University Nijmegen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016xsfp80"}}],"datePublished":"1984-02-01","abstract":"Twenty-two infertile women with repeated deficient results in the postcoital test received clomiphene citrate or tamoxifen. The patterns of luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, prolactin, 17 beta-estradiol (E2), and progesterone were examined during the follicular and periovulatory phases of the menstrual cycle, as were the cervical mucus characteristics. Under clomiphene treatment, an overproduction of E2 was observed (P less than 0.01), which did not result in an improvement of the cervical mucus characteristics. The pH of the endocervical mucus was lower (P less than 0.01). Under tamoxifen treatment, the serum E2 levels were higher (P less than 0.05) and normalized. Higher spermatozoa penetration meter scores were observed during the preovulatory and periovulatory periods, whereas the pH of the endocervical mucus was not lowered. These data support that tamoxifen may be preferential to clomiphene in treating this kind of infertile woman.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"41","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"237","pageEnd":"243","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)47597-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59377050"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)47597-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6421621"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q59377050"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pelvic-sonography-to-help-determine-the-appropriate-therapy-for-luteal-phase-def-recvryzp4bhewwdh4/","name":"Pelvic sonography to help determine the appropriate therapy for luteal phase defects","headline":"Pelvic sonography to help determine the appropriate therapy for luteal phase defects","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pelvic-sonography-to-help-determine-the-appropriate-therapy-for-luteal-phase-def-recvryzp4bhewwdh4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Goldberg BB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kurtz A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Adelson HG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J H Check","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cooper University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/049wjac82"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Rankin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Thomas Jefferson University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00ysqcn41"}}],"datePublished":"1984-01-01","abstract":"In some series the most appropriate therapy for luteal phase defects is supplemental progesterone in the luteal phase. Clomiphene's efficacy is more controversial since in one series only 8% achieved a successful pregnancy versus 45% in another study. Pelvic sonography was used to evaluate follicular development and release of the ovum in 50 infertile women with luteal phase defects. The results showed that only 40% had \"pure\" luteal phase defects whereas 52% had immature follicles and 8% had unruptured follicles. Sixty-two percent of the patients had previous therapy for a luteal phase defect and failed to conceive. Sixty-eight percent of this group did conceive when ultrasound was used to determine the appropriate therapy. Thus ultrasound can be employed to determine if the women with a luteal phase defect should be treated with a fertility drug, e.g., clomiphene or just with luteal phase progesterone support. Supplemental progesterone might still be needed with clomiphene based on repeat endometrial biopsy results.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"29","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Fertility"}}},"pageStart":"156","pageEnd":"158","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/proton-magnetic-relaxation-times-t1-and-t2-for-normal-types-of-cervical-secretio-2rvombib/","name":"Proton magnetic relaxation times T1 and T2 for normal types of cervical secretions","headline":"Proton magnetic relaxation times T1 and T2 for normal types of cervical secretions","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/proton-magnetic-relaxation-times-t1-and-t2-for-normal-types-of-cervical-secretio-2rvombib/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E Odeblad","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sabbatsberg Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dkvrg87"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ingelman-Sundberg A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Asberg K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Höglund A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Strandberg-Bergström L"}],"datePublished":"1984-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"63","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica"}}},"pageStart":"667","pageEnd":"8","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3109/00016348409155558","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72407705"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3109/00016348409155558"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6097089"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72407705"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-administration-of-micronized-natural-progesterone-in-late-human-pregnancy-e-rec3ttjyycs8jixav/","name":"Oral administration of micronized natural progesterone in late human pregnancy. Effects on progesterone and estrogen concentrations in the plasma, placenta, and myometrium","headline":"Oral administration of micronized natural progesterone in late human pregnancy. Effects on progesterone and estrogen concentrations in the plasma, placenta, and myometrium","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-administration-of-micronized-natural-progesterone-in-late-human-pregnancy-e-rec3ttjyycs8jixav/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M Breuiller","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Laboratoire de Chimie","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02gaw1s20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Cedard","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Laboratoire de Chimie","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02gaw1s20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Ferre","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Maternité Port Royal","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x72gm71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Y Janssens","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Maternité Port Royal","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x72gm71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Jolivet","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Laboratoire de Chimie","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02gaw1s20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Sureau","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Maternité Port Royal","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x72gm71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Tanguy","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Laboratoire de Chimie","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02gaw1s20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Uzan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Maternité Port Royal","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x72gm71"}}],"datePublished":"1984-01-01","abstract":"A single dose of micronized oral progesterone was administered to 15 pregnant women immediately prior to elective cesarean section. Levels of progesterone, 17 beta-estradiol, and estrone were measured in the plasma, in the placenta, and at different sites in myometrium obtained during the surgical procedure. Results were compared to those observed in a control group of women who did not receive progesterone. Progesterone levels demonstrated a marked increase in plasma and in the whole myometrium 150 minutes after administration. The levels then decreased rapidly to control values in 1 hour. The concentrations of progesterone in the placenta did not show any changes. No difference appeared in 17 beta-estradiol levels in the plasma or the myometrium, whereas an increase was observed in the placenta. Estrone levels did not change in the plasma, but they decreased in the myometrium and in the placenta.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"148","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"26","pageEnd":"34","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9378(84)80027-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71254028"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0002-9378(84)80027-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6691378"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71254028"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-hypothalamic-control-of-the-menstrual-cycle-and-the-role-of-endogenous-opioi-recq8qkhlbkckmkq0/","name":"The hypothalamic control of the menstrual cycle and the role of endogenous opioid peptides","headline":"The hypothalamic control of the menstrual cycle and the role of endogenous opioid peptides","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-hypothalamic-control-of-the-menstrual-cycle-and-the-role-of-endogenous-opioi-recq8qkhlbkckmkq0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sharon L. Wardlaw","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9659-7360","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Ferin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Van Vugt","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172"}}],"datePublished":"1984-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"40","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Recent Progress in Hormone Research"}},"pageStart":"441","pageEnd":"485","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-571140-1.50015-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43074317"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/b978-0-12-571140-1.50015-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6091195"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43074317"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-progesterone-administration-on-sex-hormone-binding-globulin-bindin-recxrmnsjbrryfpim/","name":"The effect of progesterone administration on sex hormone binding globulin binding capacity in women with severe premenstrual syndrome","headline":"The effect of progesterone administration on sex hormone binding globulin binding capacity in women with severe premenstrual syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-progesterone-administration-on-sex-hormone-binding-globulin-bindin-recxrmnsjbrryfpim/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Maureen Dalton","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Royal Free Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ge67z96"}}],"datePublished":"1984-01-01","abstract":"Thirty-one women with severe premenstrual syndrome had low sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) binding capacities 30.2 +/- 9.4 nmol DHT bound/l. The SHBG binding capacities rose when they were treated with three different doses of progesterone. On 400 mg (17 women) SHBG level was 45.11 +/- 11.80. On 800 mg (8 women) SHBG binding capacity rose to 64.75 +/- 14.30 and on the six women who took 1200 mg progesterone daily SHBG binding capacity was 78.5 +/- 23.10. These results are discussed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"20","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Steroid Biochemistry"}}},"pageStart":"437","pageEnd":"439","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-4731(84)90249-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70790674"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0022-4731(84)90249-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6538615"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70790674"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/delayed-endometrial-maturation-in-women-with-normal-progesterone-levels-the-dysh-recn9lejkbtxcwyu5/","name":"Delayed endometrial maturation in women with normal progesterone levels. The dysharmonic luteal phase syndrome","headline":"Delayed endometrial maturation in women with normal progesterone levels. The dysharmonic luteal phase syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/delayed-endometrial-maturation-in-women-with-normal-progesterone-levels-the-dysh-recn9lejkbtxcwyu5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"L Cedard","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Laboratoire de Chimie","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02gaw1s20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Nessman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institut Universitaire de Recherche Clinique","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03kfkzp90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Savale","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institut Universitaire de Recherche Clinique","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03kfkzp90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J R Zorn","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institut Universitaire de Recherche Clinique","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03kfkzp90"}}],"datePublished":"1984-01-01","abstract":"In 121 women attending the infertility clinic between 1978 and 1982, 127 cycles with luteal phases of 10 days or more were investigated by a complete basal body temperature (BBT) chart, three plasma progesterone assays taken between 11 and 4 days before menses, and a dated endometrial biopsy (EB) taken at the time of the last blood sample. All parameters were normal in 78 women (64.4%) categorized as group I 'normal luteal phases (NLP)'. There were some discordances between the three parameters in the remaining 43 women: 8 had normal BBT but low progesterone levels and delayed EB. They form group II 'inadequate luteal phases'. 29 women (23.9%) had delayed EB despite normal progesterone levels: forming group III 'dysharmonic luteal phases (DLP)'. 6 women had advanced EB and normal progesterone levels: group IV. Apart from endometrial maturation, there was no difference between NLP and DLP, neither in clinical parameters (length of the follicular phase, date and duration of the thermal shift, length of the luteal phase), nor in progesterone levels. Fertilization occurred in four DLP biopsied cycles: pregnancies went normally to term, giving birth to normal babies. Therefore, the DLP syndrome, characterized by normal midluteal progesterone levels and a delayed endometrial development, is not incompatible with normal nidation and gestation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation"}}},"pageStart":"157","pageEnd":"162","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1159/000299140","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71298422"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1159/000299140"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6706250"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71298422"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/selection-of-morphologically-abnormal-sperm-by-human-cervical-mucus-recgwllr5ck8ahnjq/","name":"Selection of morphologically abnormal sperm by human cervical mucus","headline":"Selection of morphologically abnormal sperm by human cervical mucus","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/selection-of-morphologically-abnormal-sperm-by-human-cervical-mucus-recgwllr5ck8ahnjq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"B Arguello","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Barros","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7452-3060","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Laboratory of Embryology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Herrera","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5577-7867","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pilar Vigil","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0449-3880","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04teye511"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Walker","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7121-3088","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Wales","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01se4f844"}}],"datePublished":"1984-01-01","abstract":"The important role of cervical mucus from a reproduction standpoint is the transport and selection of spermatozoa. The study of the fertilizing ability of human spermatozoa by the use of zona-free hamster oocytes has shown that morphologically abnormal sperm can fuse with the zona-free hamster oocyte. The high proportion of morphologically abnormal spermatozoa present in human semen is significantly reduced after sperm migration through cervical mucus. The mucus, while a favorable environment for sperm survival, does not seem to contribute to the occurrence of sperm capacitation and acrosome reaction.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12 Suppl","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Archives of andrology"}},"pageStart":"95","pageEnd":"107","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/uterine-contractions-during-pregnancy-recjhqnm5uot0g0en/","name":"Uterine contractions during pregnancy","headline":"Uterine contractions during pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/uterine-contractions-during-pregnancy-recjhqnm5uot0g0en/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"V Zahn","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2172-4011"}],"datePublished":"1984-01-01","abstract":"The principal function of muscular tissue is contraction. This is also true for the uterus this function begins with sexual maturation. During pregnancy special conditions are brought about by the increasing distention of the uterine cavity. For clinical practice, external tocography is of importance for the recognition of uterine motility Data in the literature on the normal frequency of contractions during pregnancy vary greatly and caused us to study this topic. Moreover, most cases of prematurity independent of other causes suppose a prematurely increased uterine motility. In order to register this activity a portable recording apparatus was developed. We studied in particular the question for how long and how often uterine contractions should be recorded. A one hour daily recording was found to be sufficient. In order to gain information on the average number of contractions it suffices to record during one week. In 26 healthy primiparous and 28 multiparous women the number of contractions from the 25th to 41st gestation week was recorded. A notable finding was the frequency peak about the 32nd week. The number of pregnancy contractions as a sole parameter for the recognition of impending premature delivery is not sufficient. However, the information may be important when taking in conjunction with the previous history and the state of the cervix. We considered tocolysis indicated when as a weekly average there are more than two contractions per hour with beginning cervical dilation or more than three contractions per hour regardless of cervical findings.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Perinatal Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"107","pageEnd":"113","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1515/jpme.1984.12.3.107","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70678539"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1515/jpme.1984.12.3.107"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6502437"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70678539"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endocrinologic-events-in-early-pregnancy-failure-recvmuc7mzow2ba2a/","name":"Endocrinologic events in early pregnancy failure","headline":"Endocrinologic events in early pregnancy failure","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endocrinologic-events-in-early-pregnancy-failure-recvmuc7mzow2ba2a/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Paul Whittaker","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical Research Council","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03x94j517"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M O Aspillaga","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Princess Mary Maternity Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02rn1w290"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C E Grey","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical Research Council","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03x94j517"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Lind","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2443-9283","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Glasgow Royal Infirmary","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00bjck208"}}],"datePublished":"1983-12-15","abstract":"Fourteen women experiencing early pregnancy failure have been studied during the time of conception and at frequent intervals until spontaneous abortion occurred. Serial measurements of serum estradiol, progesterone, 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, prolactin, human placental lactogen (hPL), and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) were determined; regular sonar scanning allowed the time of fetal death to be determined to within 7 days in six patients and a diagnosis of blighted ovum to be made in the remainder. In all patients serum progesterone and estradiol concentrations were within the normal range up to 7 weeks but appeared to decrease from about 8 weeks' gestation whether or not a living fetus was present. The placenta continued to produce hCG and hPL but, despite the continuing presence of hCG, the levels of 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone declined to concentrations below those associated with normal pregnancy. These data suggest that the placenta may require a particular stimulus to take over production of progesterone and estradiol.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"147","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"903","pageEnd":"908","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(83)90243-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71123967"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(83)90243-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6650626"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71123967"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mood-sexuality-hormones-and-the-menstrual-cycle-ii-hormone-levels-and-their-rela-recchffug34qaugzm/","name":"Mood, sexuality, hormones, and the menstrual cycle. II. Hormone levels and their relationship to the premenstrual syndrome","headline":"Mood, sexuality, hormones, and the menstrual cycle. II. Hormone levels and their relationship to the premenstrual syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mood-sexuality-hormones-and-the-menstrual-cycle-ii-hormone-levels-and-their-rela-recchffug34qaugzm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Torbjörn Bäckström","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0907-3535","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Umeå University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05kb8h459"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Warner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8874-1692","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of New Mexico"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Bancroft","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4639-1077","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Davis"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Davidson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7659-7064"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Leask"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Sanders","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1169-0583"}],"datePublished":"1983-12-01","abstract":"In women with premenstrual syndrome, negative changes start soon after ovulation gradually increasing as the corpus luteum develops, and reach a maximum during the last 5 days of the luteal phase. They decline rapidly once menstruation starts, disappearing within one or two days of ovarian steroids reaching baseline levels. Positive moods are at maximum when preovulatory estradiol reaches its peak. A comparison of hormone levels in women with high and low degrees of cyclical mood change showed no difference in progesterone, estradiol, testosterone, or androstenedione.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"45","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Psychosomatic Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"503","pageEnd":"507","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/00006842-198312000-00004","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71240434"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/00006842-198312000-00004"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6686333"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71240434"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-role-of-the-clinician-in-natural-family-planning-recywqjsyqf804z6y/","name":"The role of the clinician in natural family planning","headline":"The role of the clinician in natural family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-role-of-the-clinician-in-natural-family-planning-recywqjsyqf804z6y/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hanna Klaus","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical College of Wisconsin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00qqv6244"}}],"datePublished":"1983-12-01","abstract":"Despite skepticism on the part of the health care delivery system, increasing numbers of women and couples are relying on natural family planning methods to avoid or achieve pregnancy. Most clients require 2-4 cycles to become familiar with the delineation of the fertile phase. Both the ovulation and the sympto-thermal methods are considered to have a method effectiveness of at least 98%. Teaching-related unplanned pregnancies fall below 5%. Use of the Billings ovulation method requires the couple to abstain from intercourse from the beginning of mucus until the 4th day after peak. The sympto-thermal method is preferred by those desiring a multiple-index approach. 75-80% of users of this method can detect cervical softening and dilatation, and 50% are aware of the change of position of the cervix. Knowledge of mucus buildup patterns can be expecially important for adolescents, lactating women, and premenopausal women in helping them to determine whether cycles are ovulatory. Instruction in interpretation of the mucus cycle is further advised in cases of infertility. Unwillingness of the partners to practice it constitutes the only contraindication to natural family planning. However, couples are advised to wait for the postovulatory infertile phase of the cycle to have intercourse in cases where prgnancy would pose a serious threat to the life of the mother or fetus. Although some groups recommend the use of a barrier method rather than abstinence during fertile periods, this practice makes mucus recognition more difficult and impedes confidence in the method. Attainment of couple autonomy in natural family planning involves 2 phases: 1) correct recognition of the signs of fertility and 2) comfort with periodic asbsinence. Successful autonomy is reflected in the high continuation rates found in programs that offer adequate counseling support.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of American College Health : J of ACH"}}},"pageStart":"114","pageEnd":"120","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.1983.9936154","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60228592"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/07448481.1983.9936154"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6672043"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q60228592"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/heterogeneous-luteinizing-hormone-and-follicle-stimulating-hormone-storage-patte-recq0cdzvdgzqwzqs/","name":"Heterogeneous luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone storage patterns in subtypes of gonadotropes separated by centrifugal elutriation","headline":"Heterogeneous luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone storage patterns in subtypes of gonadotropes separated by centrifugal elutriation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/heterogeneous-luteinizing-hormone-and-follicle-stimulating-hormone-storage-patte-recq0cdzvdgzqwzqs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"G V Childs","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3764-1373","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016tfm930"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Camille L. Hyde","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016tfm930"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Catt","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Z Naor","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}}],"datePublished":"1983-12-01","abstract":"The application of centrifugal elutriation to the separation of pituitary cells has produced a fraction that is enriched with LH and FSH gonadotropes. In this study, stains were performed on serial sections of fractions taken from six elutriation experiments with 1:10,000-1:30,000 anti-bLH beta or 1:2,000-1:8,000 anti-hFSH beta and the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex technique. Over 900 serially sectioned gonadotropes were analyzed. In the initial cell suspensions, 59.6% of the gonadotropes contained both LH and FSH; 18% contained LH, and 23% contained FSH. Fewer than 3% contained ACTH. The elutriation fractions contained several subtypes of gonadotropes. A few small (8 micron), poorly granulated LH or FSH cells were eluted with the smallest cells (10-12%) at flow rates of 15.7 ml/min. Medium sized gonadotropes (10-10.5 micron) that eluted at flow rates of 19.8-30.5 ml/min were infrequent (3-6%) and resembled the larger gonadotrope. An analysis of serially sectioned fields showed that only 15.2%-22% of the small and medium sized gonadotropes contained both LH and FSH, whereas 30-40% contained only LH and 46-50% stored only FSH. The gonadotrope-enriched fraction was eluted at 37-39.5 ml/min; 78% of these gonadotropes (diameter, 14-15 micron) contained both LH and FSH, 10% contained only LH, and 12% contained FSH. Finally, large cells (diameter, 15-16 micron) that contained FSH only were found in the Wash fraction. These studies demonstrate that smaller gonadotropes tend to store only one of the hormones whereas most of the larger cells either store LH and FSH together or FSH alone. These heterogeneous storage patterns may correlate with studies by others who measured different responses to GnRH in gonadotropes separated by size on a unit gravity sedimentation gradient. They may also reflect different secretory phases of gonadotropes from the mixed group of cycling female rats.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"113","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"2120","pageEnd":"2128","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/endo-113-6-2120","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48712678"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/endo-113-6-2120"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6196182"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q48712678"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/human-myometrium-a-new-potential-source-of-prolactin-rec9blujthq5e3pla/","name":"Human myometrium: a new potential source of prolactin","headline":"Human myometrium: a new potential source of prolactin","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/human-myometrium-a-new-potential-source-of-prolactin-rec9blujthq5e3pla/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Chapitis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"BC Cancer Agency","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03sfybe47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D C Daly","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Connecticut","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02der9h97"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S T Kuslis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W F Kusmik","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Connecticut","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02der9h97"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D H Riddick","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UConn Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02kzs4y22"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C A Walters","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8818-2069","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Connecticut","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02der9h97"}}],"datePublished":"1983-11-15","abstract":"Human myometrium is shown for the first time to produce prolactin in vitro. This prolactin is similar to pituitary prolactin by criteria of immunologic identity, gel chromatography and bioassay. The de novo synthesis of myometrical prolactin is supported by no detectable prolactin in initial tissue homogenate, nondetectable prolactin production during the first 24 hours of culture, cycloheximide inhibition of prolactin production with recovery of production in control medium, and tritiated leucine incorporation into prolactin. Although human myometrium is capable of producing prolactin without the addition of exogenous hormones, the addition of estrogen and progesterone, respectively, enhances and suppresses prolactin production in contrast to decidualized human endometrium where opposite effects on prolactin production are found.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"147","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"639","pageEnd":"644","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(83)90441-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71090967"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(83)90441-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6638109"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71090967"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/more-about-natural-family-planning-recebrdhznyclr1ql/","name":"More about natural family planning","headline":"More about natural family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/more-about-natural-family-planning-recebrdhznyclr1ql/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Gallagher J","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1139-1257","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rice University"}}],"datePublished":"1983-11-01","abstract":"When properly taught and practised, natural family planning can be a highly effective form of birth regulation. Recent studies indicate low failure rates of less than three pregnancies per 100 women years for couples with a strong motivation to follow the method. Studies show that pregnancy rates are high when the rules for avoiding pregnancy are not adhered to. Successful natural family planning can lead to heightened self esteem and marital enrichment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Australian Family Physician"}}},"pageStart":"786","pageEnd":"792","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/bromocriptine-and-premenstrual-symptoms-a-survey-of-double-blind-trials-recmr1btf8fdy8kk7/","name":"Bromocriptine and premenstrual symptoms: a survey of double blind trials","headline":"Bromocriptine and premenstrual symptoms: a survey of double blind trials","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/bromocriptine-and-premenstrual-symptoms-a-survey-of-double-blind-trials-recmr1btf8fdy8kk7/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"B Andersch","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shanghai East Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/038xmzj21"}}],"datePublished":"1983-11-01","abstract":"This is a survey of 14 placebo-controlled studies regarding the treatment of premenstrual symptoms with bromocriptine. There is no substantial support that bromocriptine is an effective drug in the premenstrual syndrome as an entity. Symptoms such as irritability, depression, and anxiety were not significantly improved during treatment with bromocriptine compared to placebo treatment. Bromocriptine appears to be the treatment of choice in premenstrual mastodynia if the dosage of bromocriptine is at least 5 mg daily. Bromocriptine may therefore have a place in selected cases of the premenstrual syndrome with associated mastodynia.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"38","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey"}}},"pageStart":"643","pageEnd":"646","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/00006254-198311000-00001","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70303497"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/00006254-198311000-00001"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6358978"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70303497"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/incidence-of-the-luteinized-unruptured-follicle-phenomenon-in-cycling-women-recpztboslibtmyv5/","name":"Incidence of the luteinized unruptured follicle phenomenon in cycling women","headline":"Incidence of the luteinized unruptured follicle phenomenon in cycling women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/incidence-of-the-luteinized-unruptured-follicle-phenomenon-in-cycling-women-recpztboslibtmyv5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"L W Cox","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen Elizabeth Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x362k69"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J F Kerin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen Elizabeth Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x362k69"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Kirby","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8431-1807","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Wyoming"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M McEvoy","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen Elizabeth Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00x362k69"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Morris","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7726-2437"},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Ward","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8859-8171"}],"datePublished":"1983-11-01","abstract":"A prospective study is presented in order to determine the frequency of the luteinized unruptured follicle (LUF) in a population of 66 regularly cycling women. They were monitored by daily ultrasound for a total of 183 cycles, and the LUF was detected in 9 cycles, giving an incidence of 4.9%. The results of daily changes of luteinizing hormone, estradiol, and progesterone provide support for the thesis that the LUF behaves steroidogenically as a corpus luteum and that the luteal phase duration is normal. Continued monitoring in 35 cycles revealed a recurrence in only one case during a fourth subsequent cycle. Thus, the findings indicate that the LUF is a sporadic and infrequent phenomenon. It is therefore an uncommon cause of infertile cycles in potentially fertile women and represents a biologic variable rather than a syndrome. Based on ultrasonic and endocrine observations, a mechanism is proposed for the resolution of the LUF.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"40","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"620","pageEnd":"626","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)47420-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71066951"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)47420-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6628705"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71066951"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-sympto-thermal-methods-recdiyavkaweoadcr/","name":"The sympto-thermal methods","headline":"The sympto-thermal methods","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-sympto-thermal-methods-recdiyavkaweoadcr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Suzanne Parenteau-Carreau","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Serena Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"}}],"datePublished":"1983-11-01","abstract":"The symptothermal methods include all those that identify the woman's fertile period through the basal body temperature and the periovulatory signs. Research conducted following the discovery over a century ago of the hyperthermic plateau in the later part of the menstrual cycle has confirmed that under normal conditions, and when the daily temperature is taken under comparable conditions, infertility may be assumed when the high temperature plateau is confirmed. A reliable temperature curve requires certain conditions: it should be taken upon awakening with a basal thermometer over a sufficient time to obtain an accurate measure, at almost the same time every day, and the graph paper should be appropriately scaled for recording. Various guidelines of interpretation have been developed throughout the world. Serena considers infertility assured from the 3rd consecutive day of elevated temperature as long as other fertility symptoms have disappeared. Among symptoms of ovulation that are perceptible to the woman are cyclic changes in the quantity and consistency of the cervical mucus, which has the advantage of predating and thus forecasting ovulation and of being less sensitive than the basal temperature to nongenital infections, sleepless nights, or other stresses. Use of mucus changes alone as an indicator of fertility carries the risk that such changes may not be noticed or may be due to an estrogen surge not related to ovulation. Other symptoms that are useful for some women in confirming temperature or mucus changes include 4 different alterations in the cervix, abdominal pain or mittelschmerz, intramenstrual bleeding, feeling of heaviness in the breasts, and variations in mood and libido. Many groups that teach the temperature curve and clyclical symptoms also provide instructions or mathematical rules for determining the number of infertile days at the beginning of the cycle. Some programs state that 6-7 days are usually infertile provided that the menses were preceded by a hyperthermic plateau. Many groups recommend the calculation of Ogino or a variant. The symptothermal method of fertility control combines the basal temperature curve with the other signs of fertility to serve as a basis for modification of sexual behavior to enhance or suppress fertility. Different programs stress different elements or combinations. The efficacy of the symptothermal methods depends on precise recordkeeping and observation and on competent instruction and counseling, as well as the willingness of the couple to modify their sexual behavior. Statistical measures of the method's efficacy are complex and unsatisfactory as they attempt to apply rigid rules to actions and decisions that are in fact filled with nuance.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception, Fertilite, Sexualite"}}},"pageStart":"1189","pageEnd":"1203","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/laparoscopic-examination-of-the-normal-infertile-woman-reccvfsw270jhdsbo/","name":"Laparoscopic examination of the normal infertile woman","headline":"Laparoscopic examination of the normal infertile woman","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/laparoscopic-examination-of-the-normal-infertile-woman-reccvfsw270jhdsbo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Wood GP"}],"datePublished":"1983-11-01","abstract":"It is generally accepted that laparoscopy should be performed if a woman's basic infertility evaluation reveals no abnormalities. Although it has been shown that a significant number of these patients have unsuspected pelvic pathology that can be detected by laparoscopy, there is concern about the real benefit of this procedure, ie, does the laparoscopic examination truly lead to more pregnancies than otherwise expected? Presented is a review of a series of 50 female patients whose basic infertility evaluation had failed to reveal any abnormalities. Laparoscopy revealed significant pelvic pathology in 28 cases; of the 16 who had appropriate therapy, eight became pregnant.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"62","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"642","pageEnd":"643","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reduction-of-postoperative-pelvic-adhesions-with-intraperitoneal-32-dextran-70-a-recbdmuetuvt7mlyc/","name":"Reduction of postoperative pelvic adhesions with intraperitoneal 32% dextran 70: a prospective, randomized clinical trial","headline":"Reduction of postoperative pelvic adhesions with intraperitoneal 32% dextran 70: a prospective, randomized clinical trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reduction-of-postoperative-pelvic-adhesions-with-intraperitoneal-32-dextran-70-a-recbdmuetuvt7mlyc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"No Authors Listed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4186-1435","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad de Granada"}}],"datePublished":"1983-11-01","abstract":"Infertile women of reproductive age requiring an operation for distal tubal disease, endometriosis, or pelvic adhesions were recruited from nine study centers. Prior to closing the peritoneal cavity, 250 ml of 32% dextran 70 (n = 55) or saline (n = 47) was instilled into the dependent portion of the pelvis; 8 to 12 weeks later, laparoscopy was performed on those patients not pregnant. Patients with severe adnexal adhesions at the initial laparotomy had a greater reduction in adhesions if they received 32% dextran 70. Further, patients with a marked reduction in adhesion formation following the initial laparotomy were found to occur more frequently in the 32% dextran 70-treated group (26 of 51 for 32% dextran 70 versus 12 of 40 for saline; P less than 0.05). During second-look laparoscopy, adhesions were found to occur more frequently in control patients than in 32% dextran 70-treated patients at the following anatomic sites: ovary (P less than 0.05); cul-de-sac (P = 0.017); pelvic side wall (P less than 0.001). Thus, in a prospective, randomized, blinded clinical trial, the intraperitoneal high-molecular-weight dextran was found to reduce postoperative adhesion formation effectively.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"40","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"612","pageEnd":"619","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)47419-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72714507"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)47419-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6195021"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72714507"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/alterations-in-progesterone-metabolism-and-luteal-function-in-infertile-women-wi-reczkl4cbthtsmflf/","name":"Alterations in progesterone metabolism and luteal function in infertile women with endometriosis","headline":"Alterations in progesterone metabolism and luteal function in infertile women with endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/alterations-in-progesterone-metabolism-and-luteal-function-in-infertile-women-wi-reczkl4cbthtsmflf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Cheesman KL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cheesman SD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chatterton RT Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M R COHEN"}],"datePublished":"1983-11-01","abstract":"The concentrations of pregnanediol-3-glucuronide (PGD) and pregnanolone (PN) were measured in daily morning urine specimens from 66 infertile women (40 with varying degrees of endometriosis and 26 control subjects) and correlated with daily changes in basal body temperature (BBT) and with midluteal levels of serum progesterone (P). PN and BBT rose at midcycle in women with endometriosis, as expected, indicating secretion of some P at that time. However, PGD, the major endpoint of P metabolism, was delayed in its excretion. Endometrial biopsies were similarly delayed (out of phase) in women with endometriosis, and a significantly higher incidence of follicular luteinization was seen. It appears that while P secretion begins at midcycle, the bulk of P secretion is delayed, perhaps because of the process of follicular luteinization, and that a shortened functional luteal phase thus exists in women with endometriosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"40","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"590","pageEnd":"595","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/basal-body-temperature-graph-and-the-luteal-phase-defect-rec0mulwrb1r9uuzq/","name":"Basal body temperature graph and the luteal phase defect","headline":"Basal body temperature graph and the luteal phase defect","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/basal-body-temperature-graph-and-the-luteal-phase-defect-rec0mulwrb1r9uuzq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mark Gibson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0657-5166","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Vermont","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0155zta11"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K A Downs","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Vermont","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0155zta11"}}],"datePublished":"1983-10-01","abstract":"Basal body temperature (BBT) charts from three menstrual cycles of 20 normal women and 20 women with biopsy-proven luteal phase defect (LPD) were reviewed. Mean luteal phase length in the normal women was 13.4 days, and that of the women with LPD was 11.8 days (P less than 0.05). Six (30%) of the LPD patients had luteal phases of less than 11 days according to BBT, and five of these patients had severely out-of-phase endometrial biopsies. None of the normal patients had luteal phases of less than 11 days. There was no significant difference in the mean rate of postovulatory BBT rise between the two groups. It is suggested that the slope of postovulatory temperature shift is not helpful in the diagnosis of LPD but that evidence of a luteal phase of less than 11 days on BBT does indicate a high likelihood of LPD.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"40","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"466","pageEnd":"468","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)47355-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71037524"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)47355-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6617904"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71037524"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/premature-rupture-of-membranes-the-role-of-c-reactive-protein-in-the-prediction--reccpd9dntdihx7iz/","name":"Premature rupture of membranes: the role of C-reactive protein in the prediction of chorioamnionitis","headline":"Premature rupture of membranes: the role of C-reactive protein in the prediction of chorioamnionitis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/premature-rupture-of-membranes-the-role-of-c-reactive-protein-in-the-prediction--reccpd9dntdihx7iz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Paul S. Bernstein","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4228-7666","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital for Sick Children","sameAs":"https://ror.org/057q4rt57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J E Milligan"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Steven J. Soldin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mount Sinai Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05deks119"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F R Papsin"},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Hawrylyshyn","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Pollard","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}}],"datePublished":"1983-10-01","abstract":"A group of 52 patients with premature rupture of the membranes (PROM) before 34 weeks' gestation were evaluated prospectively and managed expectantly. Of 42 patients who were delivered of their infants, 26 (61.9%) had significant chorioamnionitis on histopathology, and 18 had positive microbial cultures at delivery. However, only seven patients (16.7%) developed clinical signs of chorioamnionitis. There were no maternal deaths or perinatal deaths attributable to sepsis. Only two infants (less than 5%) had positive blood cultures. All patients were assessed daily for the development of chorioamnionitis. Amniocenteses were not routinely performed. White blood cell counts, band neutrophil counts, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate determinations were found to be unreliable. C-reactive protein determinations were found most reliable with a high sensitivity and specificity. Elevated C-reactive protein levels correlated better with pathologic confirmation of chorioamnionitis than with the clinical febrile morbidity. Clinical implications for the management of PROM are discussed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"147","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"240","pageEnd":"246","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(83)91104-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43749906"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(83)91104-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6624789"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43749906"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluation-of-the-teratogenic-potential-of-delalutin-17-alpha-hydroxyprogesteron-recn4ymy8vye7f7su/","name":"Evaluation of the teratogenic potential of delalutin (17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate) in mice","headline":"Evaluation of the teratogenic potential of delalutin (17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate) in mice","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluation-of-the-teratogenic-potential-of-delalutin-17-alpha-hydroxyprogesteron-recn4ymy8vye7f7su/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R E Seegmiller","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6193-7505","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham Young University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047rhhm47"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Johnson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7632-5184","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Washington","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G W Nelson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham Young University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047rhhm47"}}],"datePublished":"1983-10-01","abstract":"Swiss Webster female mice weighing 25-30 gm were injected subcutaneously on days 6-15 of gestation with the synthetic sex steroid Delalutin (17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate). Treatment was given daily in doses ranging from 42 to 833 mg/kg body weight, or 10, 100, and 200 times the human therapeutic dose. On day 18 fetuses were removed from the uterus and examined for malformations and other fetotoxic effects. Prenatal treatment with the two higher doses resulted in 8 and 13% maternal deaths, and all doses resulted in a slight increase (4-12% above control) in resorption frequency. Treatment with Delalutin did not significantly affect intrauterine growth, sex ratio, or malformation rate of the offspring. The results of the present study confirm other reports that Delalutin is not androgenic, and that it, like progesterone and certain other sex steroids, does not alter the development of nonreproductive organs.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"28","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Teratology"}}},"pageStart":"201","pageEnd":"208","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/tera.1420280208","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71119156"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/tera.1420280208"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6648824"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71119156"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sensory-neuropathy-from-pyridoxine-abuse-a-new-megavitamin-syndrome-recotag5yi0qnvxet/","name":"Sensory neuropathy from pyridoxine abuse. A new megavitamin syndrome","headline":"Sensory neuropathy from pyridoxine abuse. A new megavitamin syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sensory-neuropathy-from-pyridoxine-abuse-a-new-megavitamin-syndrome-recotag5yi0qnvxet/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"H Schaumburg"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anthony J. Windebank","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yeshiva University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045x93337"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nicholas A. Vick","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yeshiva University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045x93337"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephen C. Rasmus","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yeshiva University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045x93337"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Pleasure","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9122-1268","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yeshiva University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045x93337"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M J Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3874-1352","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yeshiva University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045x93337"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Kaplan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2374-2432"}],"datePublished":"1983-08-25","abstract":"We describe seven adults who had ataxia and severe sensory-nervous-system dysfunction after daily high-level pyridoxine (vitamin B6) consumption. Four were severely disabled; all improved after withdrawal. Weakness was not a feature of this condition, and the central nervous system was clinically spared. Although consumption of large doses of pyridoxine has gained wide public acceptance, this report indicates that it can cause sensory neuropathy or neuronopathy syndromes and that safe guidelines should be established for the use of this widely abused vitamin.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"309","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"445","pageEnd":"448","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM198308253090801","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34254765"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJM198308253090801"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6308447"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34254765"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/congenital-malformations-of-newborn-infants-after-clomiphene-induced-ovulation-recznmimixfxrmxto/","name":"Congenital malformations of newborn infants after clomiphene-induced ovulation","headline":"Congenital malformations of newborn infants after clomiphene-induced ovulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/congenital-malformations-of-newborn-infants-after-clomiphene-induced-ovulation-recznmimixfxrmxto/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"T Aono","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4397-6292","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Osaka","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035t8zc32"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Miyake","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4671-7843","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Osaka","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035t8zc32"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Kurachi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Osaka","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035t8zc32"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Minagawa","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Osaka","sameAs":"https://ror.org/035t8zc32"}}],"datePublished":"1983-08-01","abstract":"The effect of clomiphene citrate (CC) on the incidence of congenital malformations in newborn infants was assessed from the outcome of 1034 pregnancies after CC-induced ovulation recorded at nine university hospitals in a 5-year period. Of these pregnancies, 14.2% ended in abortion, 0.5% in ectopic pregnancy, 0.1% in molar pregnancy, and 1.6% in stillbirth. In all, 935 infants were born, and 21 (2.3%) showed visible malformations. This incidence of malformations was not significantly different from that in 30,033 infants (1.7%) after spontaneous ovulation (spontaneous ovulation group), and the types of malformations after CC treatment were similar to e those in the spontaneous ovulation group. These data indicate that CC has no teratogenic effect.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"40","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"187","pageEnd":"189","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)47235-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47879676"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)47235-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6873315"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47879676"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effects-of-steroids-on-the-endometrium-a-seminar-in-reproductive-endocrinolo-reclhjcrdfv7ih3yy/","name":"The Effects of Steroids on the Endometrium: A Seminar in Reproductive Endocrinology","headline":"The Effects of Steroids on the Endometrium: A Seminar in Reproductive Endocrinology","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effects-of-steroids-on-the-endometrium-a-seminar-in-reproductive-endocrinolo-reclhjcrdfv7ih3yy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Edman CD"}],"datePublished":"1983-08-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"03","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Seminars in Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"179","pageEnd":"187","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2008-1067953","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1055/s-2008-1067953"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/action-of-tamoxifen-on-folliculogenesis-in-the-menstrual-cycle-of-infertile-pati-rec6cjahuvmghefok/","name":"Action of tamoxifen on folliculogenesis in the menstrual cycle of infertile patients","headline":"Action of tamoxifen on folliculogenesis in the menstrual cycle of infertile patients","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/action-of-tamoxifen-on-folliculogenesis-in-the-menstrual-cycle-of-infertile-pati-rec6cjahuvmghefok/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"T Fukushima","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1345-5608","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kumamoto University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02cgss904"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Maeyama","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kumamoto University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02cgss904"}}],"datePublished":"1983-08-01","abstract":"Daily estimations of follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin, estradiol, and progesterone were made in the serum of eight infertile patients from day 1 through the follicular phase during menstrual cycles before and after tamoxifen therapy. Tamoxifen therapy was found to shorten the follicular phase from 15.4 +/- 0.8 days (mean +/- standard error of the mean) to 14.0 +/- 0.6 days (difference not significant) and to lengthen the luteal phase from 12.8 +/- 0.4 days to 14.1 +/- 0.8 days (P less than 0.05). The mean estradiol concentration in the eight patients during tamoxifen treatment cycles rose on day 8 (3 days after starting tamoxifen treatment) and increased significantly (P less than 0.05) from day 10 to midcycle. The integrated follicular phase estradiol concentration in the tamoxifen treatment cycle increased to 2450.1 +/- 208.1 pg/ml/cycle, and was significantly higher (P less than 0.025) than that in the nontreatment cycle. In contrast, the concentrations of follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and prolactin during the follicular phase and at the midcycle peak of tamoxifen treatment cycles were not significantly different from those of the nontreatment cycle. These results suggest that the mechanism of tamoxifen in improving folliculogenesis may involve a direct action on the ovary without intervention of the hypothalamic-pituitary system.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"40","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"210","pageEnd":"214","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)47239-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70441183"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)47239-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6409673"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70441183"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/treatment-of-premature-labor-contractions-with-combined-ritodrine-and-indomethac-reclrrebaznynwjbo/","name":"Treatment of premature labor contractions with combined ritodrine and indomethacine","headline":"Treatment of premature labor contractions with combined ritodrine and indomethacine","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/treatment-of-premature-labor-contractions-with-combined-ritodrine-and-indomethac-reclrrebaznynwjbo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Z Katz","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2871-8781","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaplan Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t0n9020"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B M Mogilner"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ben Hur H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Ben Hur","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaplan Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t0n9020"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Feigl","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaplan Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t0n9020"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Lancet","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaplan Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t0n9020"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Yemini","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5633-6473","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaplan Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t0n9020"}}],"datePublished":"1983-08-01","abstract":"The results of combined ritodrine and indomethacine treatment (RI) in premature labor contractions were compared with ritodrine alone (R). One hundred and twenty patients with threatened premature labor in weeks 26-34 were studied. Sixty RI women received 100 mg ritodrine in infusion followed by 60 mg daily orally until 35 weeks and indomethacine 200 mg on the first day of treatment only. The R group included 60 women with identical tocolysis indices, age of pregnancy and anamnestic parameters who received ritodrine only. The mean prolongation index (PI) was 18.2 in the RI group, against 11.5 in the R patients (P less than 0.05). The mean prolongation of pregnancy was 5.6 weeks in the first and 3.6 in the control group (P less than 0.05). Birthweight and Apgar scores were similar in the two groups. In order to examine the possible early closure of the ductus arteriosus due to the indomethacin therapy, echocardiograms were done on all newborn in the RI group: the pre-ejection period and right ventricular ejection time ratio was 0.19-0.26 after delivery and 0.17-0.22 1 month later, which excludes pulmonary diastolic hypertension due to premature closure of the duct. The combined RI treatment is more effective that R alone and does not give rise to any complications in the mother or the fetus.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: the Official Organ of the  International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics"}}},"pageStart":"337","pageEnd":"342","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7292(83)90026-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72571078"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0020-7292(83)90026-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6141090"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72571078"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/factors-affecting-the-pregnancy-rate-in-clomiphene-citrate-induction-of-ovulatio-recghac44oqbangzg/","name":"Factors affecting the pregnancy rate in clomiphene citrate induction of ovulation","headline":"Factors affecting the pregnancy rate in clomiphene citrate induction of ovulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/factors-affecting-the-pregnancy-rate-in-clomiphene-citrate-induction-of-ovulatio-recghac44oqbangzg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hammond MG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Halme JK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Talbert LM"}],"datePublished":"1983-08-01","abstract":"During the five years ending on December 31, 1981, 159 anovulatory and oligomenorrheic patients were treated with clomiphene citrate for induction of ovulation. Overall, 86% of these patients ovulated, and 49% of the patients who ovulated conceived. Life table analysis was employed to investigate factors contributing to reduced conception rates, including abnormal semen analysis, pelvic or tubal abnormalities, and poor cervical mucus. Elevated serum testosterone levels did not affect conception rates. The most significant factor contributing to reduced overall pregnancy rates was patient discontinuation of therapy. Cumulative pregnancy rates corrected for discontinuation approach 100% after ten cycles of therapy. During this period, the monthly probability of pregnancy (monthly fecundability) remained constant. Optimal pregnancy rates are attained if other infertility factors are corrected and treatment is continued for ten to 12 ovulatory cycles.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"62","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"196","pageEnd":"202","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/plasma-gonadotropin-and-sex-steroid-hormone-levels-during-early-midfollicular-an-rec8lm4xoypuluuzy/","name":"Plasma gonadotropin and sex steroid hormone levels during early, midfollicular, and midluteal phases of women with luteal phase defects","headline":"Plasma gonadotropin and sex steroid hormone levels during early, midfollicular, and midluteal phases of women with luteal phase defects","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/plasma-gonadotropin-and-sex-steroid-hormone-levels-during-early-midfollicular-an-rec8lm4xoypuluuzy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine Cook","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Louisville","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ckdn478"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C V Rao","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4859-5555"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M A Yussman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Louisville","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ckdn478"}}],"datePublished":"1983-07-01","abstract":"Thirteen women with luteal phase defects (LPD) confirmed by endometrial biopsies and 14 with histologically normal endometria were studied for early follicular and midfollicular phase follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels and for midluteal phase progesterone, estrogen, testosterone, and prolactin levels. The results showed that the women with LPD had significantly lower FSH levels and FSH/LH ratios in the early and midfollicular phases. LH levels, however, were similar in the LPD and normal women. During the midluteal phase, the LPD women showed significantly lower levels of progesterone and estrogen and normal levels of testosterone and prolactin. These findings reaffirm the prevailing concept that events surrounding follicular growth and development can indeed influence the quality of that cycle's corpus luteum. Furthermore, LPD as a result of hyperprolactinemia appears to be a different entity from that due to inadequate follicular phase FSH.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"40","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"45","pageEnd":"48","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)47175-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70437266"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)47175-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6407879"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70437266"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endocrine-profiles-in-tamoxifen-induced-ovulatory-cycles-recchfsmbpilgsaia/","name":"Endocrine profiles in tamoxifen-induced ovulatory cycles","headline":"Endocrine profiles in tamoxifen-induced ovulatory cycles","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endocrine-profiles-in-tamoxifen-induced-ovulatory-cycles-recchfsmbpilgsaia/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"T Fukushima","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1345-5608","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kumamoto University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02cgss904"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Tajima","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kumamoto University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02cgss904"}}],"datePublished":"1983-07-01","abstract":"A group of 22 women with anovulatory cycles was treated with tamoxifen in 46 cycles. We elucidated daily hormone profiles in 5 of the 33 tamoxifen-induced ovulatory cycles in order to make a comparison with those found in 5 normal cycles. Serum follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone (LH) rose during or a few days after the tamoxifen therapy, and thereafter serum estradiol levels rose gradually over the normal ranges during the follicular phase and reached an extremely high preovulatory peak which triggered an LH surge. This increased estradiol production exerted its usual negative feedback on LH secretion. Following ovulation, serum progesterone rose and fell in a manner similar to that in the normal cycles, with occasional values that exceeded the normal range. The endocrine significance of these findings is discussed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"40","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"23","pageEnd":"30","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)47172-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70437261"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)47172-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6407877"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70437261"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nutritional-factors-in-the-etiology-of-the-premenstrual-tension-syndromes-recqm5gqr5ooyanvu/","name":"Nutritional factors in the etiology of the premenstrual tension syndromes","headline":"Nutritional factors in the etiology of the premenstrual tension syndromes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nutritional-factors-in-the-etiology-of-the-premenstrual-tension-syndromes-recqm5gqr5ooyanvu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"G E Abraham"}],"datePublished":"1983-07-01","abstract":"The premenstrual symptom complex many women experience in a moderate to severe form can be divided into four subgroups. Because there is more than one syndrome and nervous tension is one of the most common symptoms, the term premenstrual tension syndromes (PMTS) is used. The most common subgroup, PMT-A, consists of premenstrual anxiety, irritability and nervous tension, sometimes expressed in behavior patterns detrimental to self, family and society. Elevated blood estrogen and low progesterone have been observed in this subgroup. Administration of vitamin B6 at doses of 200-800 mg/day reduces blood estrogen, increases progesterone and results in improved symptoms under double-blind conditions. Women in this subgroup consume an excessive amount of dairy products and refined sugar, and progesterone may be of value in them. The second-most-common subgroup, PMT-H, is associated with symptoms of water and salt retention, abdominal bloating, mastalgia and weight gain. The severe form of PMT-H is associated with elevated serum aldosterone. Vitamin B6 at high dosage suppresses aldosterone and results in diuresis and clinical improvement. Vitamin E helps the breast symptoms. Methylxanthines and nicotine should be curtailed and sodium limited to 3 gm/day. PMT-C is characterized by premenstrual craving for sweets, increased appetite and indulgence in eating refined sugar followed by palpitation, fatigue, fainting spells, headache and sometimes the shakes. PMT-C patients have increased carbohydrate tolerance and low red-cell magnesium. Adequate magnesium replacement results in improved glucose tolerance tests and decreased PMT-C symptoms. Deficiency of the prostaglandin PGE1 may also be involved in PMT-C. PMT-D is the least common but most dangerous because suicide is most frequent in this subgroup. The symptoms are depression, withdrawal, insomnia, forgetfulness and confusion. In ten PMT-D patients the mean blood estrogen was lower and the mean blood progesterone higher than normal during the midluteal phase. Elevated adrenal androgens are observed in some hirsute PMT-D patients. Two PMT-D patients with normal blood progesterone and estrogens had high lead levels in hair tissue and chronic lead intoxication. This subgroups needs careful medical attention when the symptoms are severe. Therapy should be individualized according to the results of the evaluation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"28","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"446","pageEnd":"464","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-ubiquitousness-of-premenstrual-tension-in-gynecologic-practice-recxnoulwfoxax1wf/","name":"The ubiquitousness of premenstrual tension in gynecologic practice","headline":"The ubiquitousness of premenstrual tension in gynecologic practice","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-ubiquitousness-of-premenstrual-tension-in-gynecologic-practice-recxnoulwfoxax1wf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"G E Abraham"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J T Hargrove","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74"}}],"datePublished":"1983-07-01","abstract":"One hundred thirty-seven premenopausal women with premenstrual tension underwent laparoscopy for bleeding, pain and/or infertility. Endometriosis was the associated gynecologic disease observed most frequently (66 patients). Other associated disorders were primary dysmenorrhea (31), poststerilization syndrome (24), chronic pelvic inflammatory disease (8) and leiomyoma uteri (8). Screening for prolactin and thyroid-stimulating hormone in patients with galactorrhea (74) revealed one patient with pituitary microadenoma and two with primary hypothyroidism. The midluteal progesterone levels were significantly decreased, whereas the midluteal estradiol 17 beta levels were significantly elevated. Because of the frequent association of premenstrual tension with other gynecologic diseases, screening for premenstrual tension in all premenopausal women is recommended.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"28","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"435","pageEnd":"437","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clinical-applications-of-lhrh-and-its-analogues-recyb5cvuiweznfuh/","name":"Clinical applications of LHRH and its analogues","headline":"Clinical applications of LHRH and its analogues","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clinical-applications-of-lhrh-and-its-analogues-recyb5cvuiweznfuh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J Sandow","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Klinikum Frankfurt Höchst","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02h1dt688"}}],"datePublished":"1983-06-01","abstract":"The physiological requirement for activation of pituitary gonadotrophin secretion by pulsatile LHRH stimulation is discussed, and compared with the effect of pituitary stimulation by LHRH agonists. Initial stimulation is followed by a phase of progressive pituitary and gonadal inhibition. This inhibition is fully reversible at the end of agonist treatment. Clinical applications of high dose suppression are the treatment of precocious puberty and hormone-dependent tumours (mammary and prostatic carcinoma). In women, agonist administration by nasal spray is a reversible method of inhibiting ovulation, and may also be useful in the treatment of endometriosis. Clinical advantages of agonist therapy are favourable biological tolerance, lack of side effects and rapid reversibility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"571","pageEnd":"592","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2265.1983.tb00595.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40090981"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1365-2265.1983.tb00595.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6136347"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40090981"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nursing-mirror-midwifery-forum-5-running-a-natural-course-recpixcdonsyfnxjy/","name":"Nursing Mirror midwifery forum. 5. Running a natural course","headline":"Nursing Mirror midwifery forum. 5. Running a natural course","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nursing-mirror-midwifery-forum-5-running-a-natural-course-recpixcdonsyfnxjy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hadley A"}],"datePublished":"1983-05-25","abstract":"All forms of birth control require some motivation, and motivation calls for understanding. If a woman learns to interpret her own cycles, her understanding of her body will be enhanced, and this could have benefits in all aspects of her fertility control. Professional nurses and health visitors are frequently expected to explain the intrigues of the menstrual cycle whether it be in family planning clinics, on gynecology wards, or in a client's home. When information about the monthly cycle is linked with the signs women observe in their own bodies, knowledge will result. With accurate knowledge about the span of the fertile phase, it should be within most women's grasp to control their own fertility, whether they use this knowledge alone or together with some mechanical contraceptive method. The endocrine hormones which control each menstrual cycle come from the pituitary gland and the ovaries, and they work in a feedback system, triggering each other. The start of the cycle is day 1 of the period when the pituitary gland starts the production of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). This is taken in the bloodstream to the ovary where, as its name implies, it stimulates the ripening of follicles, each of which contains an egg cell. Operating in a feedback system, estrogen is carried back to the pituitary gland where it then causes a lessening in the production of FSH and stimulates the release of the luteinizing hormone (LH). LH proceeds back to the ovary and together with estrogen suppresses the growth of all the follicles except one, which then matures to release an egg at ovulation. If the egg is not fertilized, the pituitary gland detects the high level of progesterone and ceases production of LH, which causes the corpus luteum to die away. The 1st phase of the cycle leading up to ovulation is known as the follicular phase, and its length can vary considerably from month to month. The 2nd phase, leading up to menstruation, is the luteal phase, and its length does not vary more than 12-16 days, normally 14. There are 3 main observations that women can make each month: daily temperature; the cervical mucus; and a \"calendar\" assessment, and after a few months the likely course of the cycle is evident. Each of these 3 ways of interpreting cycles are reviewed in detail. If the motivation and understanding is there, most women can become adept at reading the signs each month. While still learning, it is important to seek advice from those who understand the methods and can ensure accurate interpretation. Encouraging women to discover how their bodies work is not aimed at discouraging the use of mechanical or chemical contraceptive methods. It is simply a way to enhance a woman's understanding of her body which could bring her positive physical and emotional benefits. Practically, if more women could read their body cycles, there would most likely be an increase in motivation to use contraception and an associated reduction in unwanted pregnancies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"156","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nursing Mirror"}}},"pageStart":"i-vi","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteal-phase-defects-in-infertility-patients-with-endometriosis-rech3z4biinuyjdp7/","name":"Luteal phase defects in infertility patients with endometriosis","headline":"Luteal phase defects in infertility patients with endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteal-phase-defects-in-infertility-patients-with-endometriosis-rech3z4biinuyjdp7/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Wayne Maxson"},{"@type":"Person","name":"James Daniell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2157-6431"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Carl Herbert"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D E Pittaway","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04v8djg66"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A C Wentz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74"}}],"datePublished":"1983-05-01","abstract":"The cause of infertility has remained obscure in women with endometriosis in whom the tuboovarian relationship is unaltered. Abnormal corpus luteum function has been one mechanism implicated in the pathophysiology of endometriosis in infertilityl-3 and may also be a possible explanation for the high frequency of spontaneous abortions among women with untreated endometriosis.4 However, we have observed only an occasional occurrence of luteal phase deficiency in women with an ultimate diagnosis of endometriosis. In order to verify this observation, we examined the incidence of luteal phase defects (LPDs) in. our infertility population.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"39","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"712","pageEnd":"713","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)47072-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71706224"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)47072-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6840312"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71706224"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/therapeutic-effects-of-spironolactone-in-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-rechmuwlkminvweby/","name":"Therapeutic effects of spironolactone in polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"Therapeutic effects of spironolactone in polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/therapeutic-effects-of-spironolactone-in-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-rechmuwlkminvweby/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Milewicz A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Silber D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kirschner MA"}],"datePublished":"1983-04-01","abstract":"The authors examined the effect of three months' treatment with spironolactone in 34 women with polycystic ovary syndrome. In all patients a significant decrease in hirsutism was noted as well as restoration of a regular although anovulatory menstrual pattern. Plasma luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone levels remained unchanged after spironolactone treatment; however, prolactin levels were lowered in both women with normal and those with elevated basal levels. Plasma testosterone, androstenedione, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels were decreased after three months of therapy. No side effects were observed. Plasma electrolytes and liver function tests were normal during the entire time of treatment. This therapy is recommended as initial nontoxic but effective treatment for women with polycystic ovary syndrome who are hirsute and have menstrual disturbances.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"61","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"429","pageEnd":"432","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chronic-anovulation-syndrome-and-associated-neoplasia-recjnzgpgmqhsllfs/","name":"Chronic anovulation syndrome and associated neoplasia","headline":"Chronic anovulation syndrome and associated neoplasia","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chronic-anovulation-syndrome-and-associated-neoplasia-recjnzgpgmqhsllfs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Annegers JF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kranz JS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C B Coulam","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5920-791X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Houston Methodist","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027zt9171"}}],"datePublished":"1983-04-01","abstract":"Ovarian hormones have been implicated in a number of neoplastic conditions. Chronic anovulation syndrome, a spontaneous biologic experiment of unopposed secretion of estrogen by the ovaries, was identified in a cohort of 1270 patients, and the risk of these patients having neoplasia was studied. Of the 1270 patients studied, 30 had a subsequent malignancy develop; the expected number was 29.8. When the individual types of subsequent malignancy were analyzed, the endometrium was the only site at increased risk. The relative risk of developing carcinoma of the endometrium after the diagnosis of chronic anovulation syndrome is 3.1 (95% confidence interval 1.1 to 7.3). The long-term risk of developing adenocarcinoma of the endometrium might be considered when treating patients who have this syndrome.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"61","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"403","pageEnd":"407","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chronic-anovulation-syndrome-and-associated-neoplasia-zqb8mmxc/","name":"Chronic anovulation syndrome and associated neoplasia","headline":"Chronic anovulation syndrome and associated neoplasia","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chronic-anovulation-syndrome-and-associated-neoplasia-zqb8mmxc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C B Coulam","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5920-791X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Houston Methodist","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027zt9171"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Annegers JF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kranz JS"}],"datePublished":"1983-04-01","abstract":"Ovarian hormones have been implicated in a number of neoplastic conditions. Chronic anovulation syndrome, a spontaneous biologic experiment of unopposed secretion of estrogen by the ovaries, was identified in a cohort of 1270 patients, and the risk of these patients having neoplasia was studied. Of the 1270 patients studied, 30 had a subsequent malignancy develop; the expected number was 29.8. When the individual types of subsequent malignancy were analyzed, the endometrium was the only site at increased risk. The relative risk of developing carcinoma of the endometrium after the diagnosis of chronic anovulation syndrome is 3.1 (95% confidence interval 1.1 to 7.3). The long-term risk of developing adenocarcinoma of the endometrium might be considered when treating patients who have this syndrome.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"61","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"403","pageEnd":"7","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71671324","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6828267"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71671324"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-the-suppository-base-on-progesterone-delivery-from-the-vagina-rec7vhvmcwsbk8d6k/","name":"Effect of the suppository base on progesterone delivery from the vagina","headline":"Effect of the suppository base on progesterone delivery from the vagina","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-the-suppository-base-on-progesterone-delivery-from-the-vagina-rec7vhvmcwsbk8d6k/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R H Gorwill","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Ismail","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2901-0942","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J D Price","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7873-1968","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qk94m81"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"I R Sarda","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen's University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86"}}],"datePublished":"1983-04-01","abstract":"Inadequate levels of circulating progesterone (P) seen in clinical practice can be increased by P supplementation. When supplementation is via the vaginal route, its presentation may be in many different suppository bases. We have measured circulating P in the follicular phase to compare delivery from the vagina after P was presented in three different bases (glycerinated gelatin, cocoa butter, and polyethylene glycol). The mean peak level achieved and the area under the curve were highest after supplementation from polyethylene glycol-based suppositories. The duration of elevation above baseline was similar with all three suppositories. It is concluded that the suppository base is important in controlling the amount of this steroid absorbed from a given amount presented by this route.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"39","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"490","pageEnd":"493","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)46938-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38580351"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)46938-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6832405"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38580351"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/correlation-of-ultrasonic-and-endocrinologic-measurements-in-human-menopausal-go-recv5muylmxxaueui/","name":"Correlation of ultrasonic and endocrinologic measurements in human menopausal gonadotropin therapy","headline":"Correlation of ultrasonic and endocrinologic measurements in human menopausal gonadotropin therapy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/correlation-of-ultrasonic-and-endocrinologic-measurements-in-human-menopausal-go-recv5muylmxxaueui/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C M March","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R P Marrs","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J M Vargyas","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}}],"datePublished":"1983-02-15","abstract":"Ultrasonographic measurement of follicle growth and estradiol concentrations have been shown to correlate well in spontaneous and Clomid-induced ovulatory cycles. However, little is known about these changes during human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) therapy. Twenty-five women who did not ovulate when treated with clomiphene were treated with hMG during 70 treatment cycles. Eleven patients had withdrawal bleeding after progesterone administration (group 1) and 14 did not bleed (group 2). Follicle growth was monitored with intermittent serum estrogen determinations and daily ovarian ultrasound with an ADR Model 2140 real-time sector scanner. The mean dominant follicle size at the time of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) injection was 21.2 mm +/- 0.6 (SEM) and was not different between the two groups. Mean serum estrogen level at the time of hCG injection was 1,121 pg/ml and correlated with follicle volume. At the time of hCG injection in group 2, one dominant follicle was present in 65% and two were present in 35% of the patients. Among those in group 1, two or more dominant follicles were present during all cycles. Mean serum estrogen levels were significantly higher in group 1 patients than those in group 2. This \"chemical hyperstimulation\" was induced in order to delay ovulation until adequate follicular size had been achieved. All cycles were ovulatory. Five patients in group 1 and eight in group 2 conceived. The use of ultrasound enables the physician to evaluate follicular growth and development daily and thus to individualize treatment and to reduce the need for estrogen monitoring.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"145","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"417","pageEnd":"421","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(83)90310-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70425407"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(83)90310-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6401926"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70425407"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prospective-study-of-suspected-associations-between-certain-drugs-administered-d-rec02u3tizcs8byw4/","name":"Prospective study of suspected associations between certain drugs administered during early pregnancy and congenital malformations","headline":"Prospective study of suspected associations between certain drugs administered during early pregnancy and congenital malformations","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prospective-study-of-suspected-associations-between-certain-drugs-administered-d-rec02u3tizcs8byw4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E Glück"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Koller"},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Michaelis"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Michaelis"}],"datePublished":"1983-02-01","abstract":"From 1964 to 1976, a cohort study was performed in West Germany to study the possible influence of various factors on pregnancy and child development. Results of the evaluation of 13,643 pregnancies are given with respect to possible teratogenetic effects of antiemetic drugs and sex hormones administered in early pregnancy. There was no evidence of an increased risk of major malformations following the intake of certain antiemetic drugs and progesterone. Also, the use of a hormonal pregnancy test was not significantly associated with an increase of major malformations.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"27","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Teratology"}}},"pageStart":"57","pageEnd":"64","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/tera.1420270109","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43867111"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/tera.1420270109"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6845218"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43867111"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/survey-discloses-nfp-practices-preferences-in-us-catholic-hospitals-recxpheaa25nkgjap/","name":"Survey discloses NFP practices, preferences in U.S. Catholic hospitals","headline":"Survey discloses NFP practices, preferences in U.S. Catholic hospitals","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/survey-discloses-nfp-practices-preferences-in-us-catholic-hospitals-recxpheaa25nkgjap/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"W R Walker"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M C Martin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5894-5949","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"African Federation for Emergency Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0489p2588"}}],"datePublished":"1983-02-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"64","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Hospital Progress"}}},"pageStart":"52","pageEnd":"58","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54799456","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"10258277"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q54799456"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-second-look-at-natural-family-planning-recbcd5zdgdpv3o3y/","name":"A second look at natural family planning","headline":"A second look at natural family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-second-look-at-natural-family-planning-recbcd5zdgdpv3o3y/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lolarga E"}],"datePublished":"1983-01-01","abstract":"There is renewed interest in natural family planning (NFP) as the Philippine Population Program enters the 1980s. Much of this interest is due to the realization that, properly practiced, NFP can be a highly effective means of birth spacing. In 1978 the Special Committee to Review the Philippine Population Program recommended that more efforts be made to promote NFP. The different methods of NFP are reviewed. Sex without intercourse, coitus interruptus, and prolonged nursing are not officially recognized as NFP methods by the Program. The rhythm method was first described independently by Drs. Hermann Knaus of Austria and Kyusaku Ogino of Japan in the 1930s. Ogino's method of calculating a woman's fertile period is based on the lengths of the last 12 menstrual cycles which she recorded on a calendar. The advantages of rhythm are that it is inexpensive, it requires only the cost of charts which may be homemade, there are no physical side effects, control is in the woman's hands, and it is acceptable to people who consider it their duty to follow religious teachings. Disadvantages include: keeping constant, accurate records of cycles for long periods of time; the need for perseverance and correct interpretation of the chart; the possible need for medical advice and help; and the fear that something might upset a woman's cycle and change the time of ovulation. The continuation rates of rhythm acceptors in the Philippines are unimpressive. A study of 142 women revealed a high pregnancy/failure rate--25% for a 12-month period compared to 0 with oral contraception (OC) and the IUD's 2%. The basal body temperature method helps determine the unsafe period with some accuracy. Its premise is that there are slight but detectable changes in a woman's body temperature during her cycle. These changes herald ovulation. A special thermometer must record temperature changes of 0.1 degree Farenheit. This instrument and the charts are the only expenses involved. The reviewers of the Philippine Population Program noted that since the end of the unsafe period can be indicated only by the temperature, the total period of abstinence becomes long, although the basal body temperature method gives more or less 10 successive days for intercourse. The cervical mucus method, also known as the Billings method, takes into account the cervical secretions during the menstrual cycle. Appearance of this mucus is an indication of fertility. All that is required of a practitioner is to learn to distinguish the different sensations of wetness and dryness. The disadvantage is that the method becomes ineffective in areas where there is cervicitis or infection of the cervix. The symptom thermal method is the basal body temperature method combined with other NFP techniques and is widely used. With this method an accurate record of the 6 immediately preceding menstrual cycles is established. The start of the fertile period is set by substracting 20 days plus 1. The woman watches for symptoms like pelvic heaviness, breast softness, and mucus discharge.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Initiatives in Population"}}},"pageStart":"2","pageEnd":"12","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clomiphene-citrate-therapy-for-luteal-phase-defect-recqurcjuzdzfgayh/","name":"Clomiphene citrate therapy for luteal phase defect","headline":"Clomiphene citrate therapy for luteal phase defect","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clomiphene-citrate-therapy-for-luteal-phase-defect-recqurcjuzdzfgayh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mark Gibson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0657-5166","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Vermont","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0155zta11"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K A Downs","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Vermont","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0155zta11"}}],"datePublished":"1983-01-01","abstract":"The incidence of luteal phase defects in 366 infertility patients was 12.7%. Life-table analysis was used for determination of the conception rate with clomiphene citrate therapy, and with this method, evidence was found for the presence of two subgroups with respect to response. The crude conception rate was 40.9%. In a group of patients with a luteal phase defect and no other infertility factors, those that conceived had a significantly larger mean biopsy delay than those who did not (6.28 days versus 4.32; P less than 0.02). In a group with a histologic delay of 5 days or more, the conception rate was 79%, while the rate was only 8.9% in those with a less severe deficit (P less than 0.001). Theoretic considerations for clomiphene citrate therapy are discussed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"39","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"34","pageEnd":"38","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)46754-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71727703"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)46754-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6848392"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71727703"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ed-seminars-in-reproductive-fqhcytnd/","name":"(Ed) Seminars in Reproductive","headline":"(Ed) Seminars in Reproductive","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ed-seminars-in-reproductive-fqhcytnd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Possible Role in Infertility Associated with Endometriosis . Edman CD: The Effects of Steroids on the Endometrium. In: Speroff L"}],"datePublished":"1983-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Endocrinology"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-biophysical-properties-of-the-cervical-vaginal-secretions-reccevpw9zjpk3yfn/","name":"The Biophysical Properties of the Cervical-Vaginal Secretions","headline":"The Biophysical Properties of the Cervical-Vaginal Secretions","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-biophysical-properties-of-the-cervical-vaginal-secretions-reccevpw9zjpk3yfn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E Odeblad","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sabbatsberg Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dkvrg87"}}],"datePublished":"1983-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Review of Natural Family Planning"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-high-dose-progesterone-on-the-pre-menstrual-syndrome-a-double-blind-cr-rectvccvfhdovyplz/","name":"Effect of High-Dose Progesterone on the Pre-menstrual Syndrome: A double-blind cross-over trial","headline":"Effect of High-Dose Progesterone on the Pre-menstrual Syndrome: A double-blind cross-over trial","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-high-dose-progesterone-on-the-pre-menstrual-syndrome-a-double-blind-cr-rectvccvfhdovyplz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Van der Meer YG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Benedeck-Jaszmann LJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"L. J. Benedek-Jaszmann"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A. C. Van Loenen"}],"datePublished":"1983-01-01","abstract":"A double-blind cross-over placebo controlled trial was carried out to compare progesterone 200 mg with a placebo, both given in rectal suppositories, in 20 patients with the pre-menstrual syndrome (PMS). Each kind of suppository was used twice daily from mid-cycle to the onset of menstruation during two successive cycles. Six patients did not complete the trial. Daily scores for a number of psychological and somatic symptoms were recorded by the participants. Mean symptom scores in the last seven days of the pre-menstruum did not differ significantly between the two treatment periods. The participants did not express a significant preference for the progesterone therapy. Mean blood levels of FSH, oestradiol, prolactin and LH, determined on the first day of menstruation did not differ between the two periods of treatment. Side effects, in the form of electrolyte abnormalities or hepatic or renal function disturbances, were not seen. In this trial, progesterone 200 mg twice daily by the rectal route was not more effective than the placebo.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"220","pageEnd":"222","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3109/01674828309088321","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3109/01674828309088321"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/androgen-excretion-in-women-with-a-family-history-of-breast-cancer-or-with-epith-reckiewck5lxckvgq/","name":"Androgen excretion in women with a family history of breast cancer or with epithelial hyperplasia or cancer of the breast","headline":"Androgen excretion in women with a family history of breast cancer or with epithelial hyperplasia or cancer of the breast","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/androgen-excretion-in-women-with-a-family-history-of-breast-cancer-or-with-epith-reckiewck5lxckvgq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"G Secreto","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9381-166X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dwj7825"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Bandieramonte","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dwj7825"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"V Dati","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dwj7825"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Di Pietro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8038-7940","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dwj7825"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Fariselli","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dwj7825"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Recchione","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dwj7825"}}],"datePublished":"1983-01-01","abstract":"Urinary testosterone and androstanediol were measured by gas chromatography in four groups of premenopausal subjects: 22 healthy women (control group), 21 healthy women with a family history of breast cancer (familiality group), 39 patients with breast lumps which consisted of ductal or lobular hyperplasia (hyperplasia group) and 18 patients with infiltrating breast carcinoma (carcinoma group). On the basis of normal values found in our laboratory, steroid levels were above normal in 4.5% of the controls, 4.7% of the familiality group, 38.5% of the hyperplasia group (P less than 0.01 vs controls) and 61.1% of the carcinoma group (P less than 0.001 vs control group). The mean testosterone level in the carcinoma group (11.3 +/- 6.78 S.D.) and the mean androstanediol level in the hyperplasia group (47.25 +/- 31.0 S.D.) were significantly higher than those of the control group (testosterone 6.25 +/- 3.48 S.D., androstanediol 32.55 +/- 20.0 S.D.). No significant difference was found in mean testosterone or androstanediol levels between the control group and the familiality group (testerone 5.41 +/- 3.6 S.D., androstanediol 29.38 +/- 15.89 S.D.). We conclude that increased excretion of androgenic steroids is a hormonal abnormality common to breast cancer patients and to patients with breast epithelial hyperplasia, but not to subjects with a family history of carcinoma of the breast.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European journal of cancer & clinical oncology"}}},"pageStart":"5","pageEnd":"10","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0277-5379(83)90389-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71230914"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0277-5379(83)90389-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6682775"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71230914"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-american-academy-of-natural-family-planning-recxwftxwxt5gizxv/","name":"The American Academy of Natural Family Planning","headline":"The American Academy of Natural Family Planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-american-academy-of-natural-family-planning-recxwftxwxt5gizxv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1983-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-neuroendocrinology-of-opioid-peptides-recvnxrvbbblu3k3o/","name":"The neuroendocrinology of opioid peptides","headline":"The neuroendocrinology of opioid peptides","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-neuroendocrinology-of-opioid-peptides-recvnxrvbbblu3k3o/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A Grossman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1322-1913","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Bartholomew's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00nh9x179"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Helen Rees","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8521-4168","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of the Witwatersrand","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rp50x72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L H Rees"}],"datePublished":"1983-01-01","abstract":"Journal Article THE NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY OF OPIOID PEPTIDES Get access ASHLEY GROSSMAN, BA BSc MRCP, ASHLEY GROSSMAN, BA BSc MRCP Departments of Endocrinology and Chemical Endocrinology St Bartholomew's Hospital, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar LESLEY H REES, MD MSc MRCPath FRCP LESLEY H REES, MD MSc MRCPath FRCP Departments of Endocrinology and Chemical Endocrinology St Bartholomew's Hospital, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar British Medical Bulletin, Volume 39, Issue 1, 1983, Pages 83–88, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.bmb.a071796 Published: 01 March 1983","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"39","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British Medical Bulletin"}}},"pageStart":"83","pageEnd":"88","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.bmb.a071796","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40134359"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/oxfordjournals.bmb.a071796"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6301611"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40134359"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-alpha-tocopherol-on-premenstrual-symptomatology-a-double-blind-stu-reckbdtgcemhe02d2/","name":"The effect of alpha-tocopherol on premenstrual symptomatology: a double-blind study","headline":"The effect of alpha-tocopherol on premenstrual symptomatology: a double-blind study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-alpha-tocopherol-on-premenstrual-symptomatology-a-double-blind-stu-reckbdtgcemhe02d2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R London"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Laura Murphy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3011-4581","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Tennessee Health Science Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0011qv509"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P J Goldstein"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G S Sundaram"}],"datePublished":"1983-01-01","abstract":"In a double-blind, randomized dose-response study, 75 women with benign breast disease were administered a written questionnaire in which they scored the severity of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) symptoms before and after two months of treatment with placebo or alpha-tocopherol (150, 300, or 600 IU/day). Controlling for age and pretreatment scores, alpha-tocopherol had a significantly greater effect than placebo, improving three of the four classes of PMS symptoms. These findings suggest that vitamin E supplementation may be of value in women with severe PMS symptoms.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of the American College of Nutrition"}}},"pageStart":"115","pageEnd":"122","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/07315724.1983.10719916","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70275802"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/07315724.1983.10719916"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6350402"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70275802"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/congenital-uterine-malformations-as-indication-for-cervical-suture-cerclage-in-h-recr2aqu8uigbx6jz/","name":"Congenital uterine malformations as indication for cervical suture (cerclage) in habitual abortion and premature delivery","headline":"Congenital uterine malformations as indication for cervical suture (cerclage) in habitual abortion and premature delivery","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/congenital-uterine-malformations-as-indication-for-cervical-suture-cerclage-in-h-recr2aqu8uigbx6jz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Abramovici H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Faktor JH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pascal B"}],"datePublished":"1983-01-01","abstract":"Fifteen women with diminished fertility as a result of congenital uterine anomalies were treated by cervical suture (cerclage) in the 11th-12th week of pregnancy without surgical correction of the uterine anomaly. None of these women had either clinical or radiological evidence of cervical incompetence. As a result of the treatment, 13 of the women delivered live full-term mature infants. None of the women aborted, only two women delivered prematurely, and both infants were alive and well. Comparison of these good results to the very poor outcome of previous pregnancies in these women points to a distinct advantage to be gained by cervical suture. As a result of this experience, we recommend cervical suture in cases of diminished fertility as a result of congenital uterine anomaly. We recommend that the suture be performed before considering surgical repair of the anomaly and irrespective of lack of evidence of cervical incompetence. Only in cases where cervical suture is unsuccessful, would we recommend surgical correction according to the accepted techniques.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"28","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Fertility"}}},"pageStart":"161","pageEnd":"164","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/long-term-clinical-effects-of-ovarian-wedge-resection-in-polycystic-ovarian-synd-rec2au0ge7soy21n9/","name":"Long-term clinical effects of ovarian wedge resection in polycystic ovarian  syndrome","headline":"Long-term clinical effects of ovarian wedge resection in polycystic ovarian  syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/long-term-clinical-effects-of-ovarian-wedge-resection-in-polycystic-ovarian-synd-rec2au0ge7soy21n9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E Hasner","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rigshospitalet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mchdq19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Hjortrup","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rigshospitalet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mchdq19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Kehlet","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rigshospitalet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mchdq19"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Lockwood","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9477-7544","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rigshospitalet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03mchdq19"}}],"datePublished":"1983-01-01","abstract":"Twenty-nine consecutive patients with polycystic ovary (PCO) syndrome (defined as hirsutism plus oligomenorrhea or secondary amenorrhea, and excluding Cushing's syndrome, an androgen-secreting adrenal or ovarian tumor or adrenocortical hyperplasia) were treated with ovarian wedge resection leaving normal-sized ovaries. Long-term follow-up from 2.3-9.5 years (mean 5.7 years) showed that 26 of 29 patients (90%) had established normal menstrual cycles. Fertility and normal pregnancies were achieved in all 10 patients (100%) with normal postoperative menstrual cycles who desired to conceive, but not in the 3 patients with remaining postoperative oligomenorrhea. Eight of 9 patients who were obese preoperatively and who had normal postoperative menstrual cycles showed a major weight loss after wedge resection. In contrast, none of the preoperatively obese patients, who remained oligomenorrheic after surgery, lost weight. Hirsutism was not cured by wedge resection. It is concluded that ovarian wedge resection should still be considered useful in patients with PCO.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"62","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica"}}},"pageStart":"55","pageEnd":"57","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3109/00016348309155759","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71754839"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3109/00016348309155759"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6858626"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71754839"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/structure-of-human-cervical-mucus-correlation-with-plasma-ovarian-hormone-levels-recwy69geuet55x2k/","name":"Structure of human cervical mucus correlation with plasma ovarian hormone levels","headline":"Structure of human cervical mucus correlation with plasma ovarian hormone levels","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/structure-of-human-cervical-mucus-correlation-with-plasma-ovarian-hormone-levels-recwy69geuet55x2k/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Faccioli S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Calderoni P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Cortesi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2642-0797","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"International Renal Research Institute of Vicenza","sameAs":"https://ror.org/053q96737"}}],"datePublished":"1983-01-01","abstract":"In studying the structural changes of human cervical mucus during the ovulatory cycle, they have been observed to be directly related to ovarian hormone changes. Mucus structural changes, if taken according to their sequence during the cycle, clearly express the anatomic and functional events occurring in the ovary. If each structure is considered separately, only the mucus of the preovulatory period can be considered an indication of the corresponding ovarian processes, presenting peculiar morphologic characteristics. The observation of a similar morphologic appearance in the mucus of the early follicular and luteal phases leads one to believe, in spite of the influence of totally different hormone levels, in the likely existence of a mechanism of interference between estrogens and progesterone during the postovulatory period of the cycle.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta Europaea Fertilitatis"}}},"pageStart":"41","pageEnd":"50","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evidence-for-the-involvement-of-beta-endorphin-in-the-human-menstrual-cycle-recypbawzwcko1k8n/","name":"Evidence for the involvement of beta-endorphin in the human menstrual cycle","headline":"Evidence for the involvement of beta-endorphin in the human menstrual cycle","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evidence-for-the-involvement-of-beta-endorphin-in-the-human-menstrual-cycle-recypbawzwcko1k8n/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Vrbicky KW"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Baumstark JS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wells IC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kable WT"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elias CJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1982-12-01","abstract":"The possibility that beta-endorphin, an endogenous opiate, is involved in the regulation of the menstrual cycle was examined. Daily serum beta-endorphin levels, in conjunction with luteinizing hormone, progesterone, and 17 beta-estradiol were measured during 26 hormonally normal menstrual cycles. Twenty-one cycles showed a preovulatory peak and postovulatory trough of beta-endorphin, 2 cycles had a postovulatory peak, and 3 had a postovulatory peak with sustained elevation. The raw data were standardized by conversion to \"Z-scores,\" and the composite values were computed for each of the three classes described above. Significance within these three classes was assessed using a one-way analysis of variance with an F-ratio at 95% confidence limits. The composite plot of the 26 cycles showed a statistically significant preovulatory peak occurring 2 days prior to the luteinizing hormone surge and a postovulatory trough of beta-endorphin 5 days later. These results suggest that beta-endorphins play a significant role in the neurochemical mechanisms of gonadotropin release.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"38","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"701","pageEnd":"704","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteinizing-hormone-releasing-hormone-release-during-the-rat-estrous-cycle-and-a-recwbw0clin52uz7k/","name":"Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone release during the rat estrous cycle and after ovariectomy, as estimated with push-pull cannulae","headline":"Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone release during the rat estrous cycle and after ovariectomy, as estimated with push-pull cannulae","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteinizing-hormone-releasing-hormone-release-during-the-rat-estrous-cycle-and-a-recwbw0clin52uz7k/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"JON E. LEVINE","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4177-6406"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jeremiah Levine","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8326-3724","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"New York University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0190ak572"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"V D Ramirez","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047426m28"}}],"datePublished":"1982-11-01","abstract":"A push-pull perfusion (PPP) system was used to carry out the first examination of LHRH release from the mediobasal hypothalami (MBH) of conscious, freely moving rats during stages of the estrous (E) cycle and after ovariectomy (Ovx). Female rats received push-pull cannula (PPC) implants into the MBH and then were allowed to recover for 2–10 weeks before PPP experiments. During that time, E cycles were determined by daily inspection of vaginal smears. After exhibiting two consecutive E cycles, rats were fitted with indwelling jugular catheters between 0830–1030 h and subjected to PPP of the MBH and hourly bleeding for more than 6 h. LHRH and LH levels were determined by RIA in perfusates and plasma, respectively. PPP and bleeding sessions were performed on the afternoon of proestrus (Pro; n – 10), diestrous day I (DI; n – 5), diestrous day II (DII; n – 5), estrus (E; n – 5), or more than 28 days after Ovx (n – 5). LHRH output was detectable in at least some samples in all rats whose PPC tips resided within 0.5 mm of the rostrolateral median eminence. Basal LHRH output (<0.2 to 1.2 pg.12 min) appeared to be pulsatile in all groups. During Pro, higher LHRH levels permitted pulse frequency determinations (average Pro interpulse interval, 48.0 min). Overall LHRH output during Pro was elevated (P< 0.01) compared to that in all other groups and was distinctly biphasic; a putative priming pulse (P < 0.05) occurred 2–3 h before the occurrence of a larger main peak (1.6–7.0 pg-12 min) at approximately 1600–1730 h (lights on from 0500–1900 h). Proestrous (Pro) LH levels in rats bearing PPC implants were only 10–30% of those in intact rats regardless of PPP. Nonetheless, these rats did exhibit temporally normal Pro LH surges concident with LHRH release. In DI and DII rats, LHRH pulse amplitude increased moderately for a brief period in the late afternoon (P < 0.01 only when data was normalized to the largest peak). LHRH output in E rats was low and mostly undetectable. Pulse amplitude in ovariectomized (Ovx) rats remained constant and low throughout the afternoon, while LH levels were elevated to typical post-Ovx values. We conclude from this study that (1) a biphasic LHRH surge occurs on the afternoon of Pro which may act to prime and then stimulate pituitary gonadotrophes, (2) small but significant increases in LHRH pulse amplitude occur between 1500–1900 h in DI and DII rats, but not in Ovx or E rats, and (3) LH, but not LHRH, release is increased in Ovx rats, suggesting that the negative feedback effects of ovarian steroids operate primarily at the level of the pituitary gland.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"111","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"1439","pageEnd":"1448","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/endo-111-5-1439","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48880456"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/endo-111-5-1439"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6751793"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q48880456"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-recgut0wc0zdur463/","name":"Natural family planning","headline":"Natural family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-recgut0wc0zdur463/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bourdillon C"}],"datePublished":"1982-11-01","abstract":"Frequently, when one mentions natural family planning methods, the response is doubt, bewilderment, ridicule, or scorn. Much of this is due to the fact that many people know only of the rhythm method, which depends on a calculation based on the menstrual pattern. What many people do not know, including physicians and nurses, is that in Australia Drs. John and Lyn Billings have been scientifically researching natural methods of family planning for 25 years, and they have pioneered this Ovulation Method of family planning. The Billings Ovulation Method depends only on the mucus sign. It is based on a scientific knowledge of the combined fertility of husband and wife, and an understanding of the physiology of the female body through simple observations. Important facts relating to the practice of the method include: ovulation takes place only once in the cycle; mucus is secreted by the cervical mucosa before ovulation; the ovum lives for only 3 days at the most; and the sperms live for 5 days at the most, and only in the presence of this fertile mucus. There a 2 types of mucus. The 1st type to appear is cloudy or white. It is nonslippery, sticky, and breaks when stretched between 2 fingers. The 2nd type is like the part of a hen's egg. It is very slippery, much clearer than the former, and stretches when pulled between 2 fingers. This is fertile mucus, and ovulation occurs on the last day that this is present. Of course, it cannot be recognized as the last day until its absence is observed on the following day. The mucus sign can be both seen and felt. After a few months a woman will readily recognize her fertile time, but daily charting is advocated. Simple signs, representing the various observations, are taught. Once a couple knows and understands their combined fertility through the observation of the mucus sign they can plan their family. Rules of the method are outlined. The self control required by this method can only serve to increase the selfless love and unselfish care and respect between partners.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"28","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Central African Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"284","pageEnd":"287","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clomiphene-and-dexamethasone-in-women-unresponsive-to-clomiphene-alone-rec2oipldne5yaxzc/","name":"Clomiphene and dexamethasone in women unresponsive to clomiphene alone","headline":"Clomiphene and dexamethasone in women unresponsive to clomiphene alone","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clomiphene-and-dexamethasone-in-women-unresponsive-to-clomiphene-alone-rec2oipldne5yaxzc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Granger L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kletzky OA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R A Lobo","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1472-8313","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C M March","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paul W","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0342-2064","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Amazonas"}}],"datePublished":"1982-10-01","abstract":"Twelve oligomenorrhic women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCO) in whom clomiphene (250 mg daily for 5 days) and 10,000 IU human chorionic gonadotropin had failed to induce ovulation were treated with clomiphene and dexamethasone. Eight of the 12 women underwent complete hormonal assessment during treatment. Six of the 12 ovulated and 1 conceived. Serum total and unbound estradiol and testosterone (T), serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), sex hormone binding-globulin binding capacity (SHBG-BC), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and prolactin (PRL) were measured during clomiphene and dexamethasone therapy. SHBG-BC increased in response to clomiphene whether or not ovulation occurred. After treatment with clomiphene and dexamethasone there was a significant decrease in serum T, unbound T, and DHEA-S 2 weeks after dexamethasone administration, but there were no change in LH, FSH, or PRL. In patients who ovulated after clomiphene and dexamethasone, T and unbound T increased again after clomiphene was begun despite the continuation of dexamethasone. The women who ovulated after clomiphene and dexamethasone treatment had significantly higher pretreatment levels of DHEA-S than those who did not ovulate. Clomiphene and dexamethasone treatment may be beneficial to women who have elevated levels of DHEAS and who fail to ovulate with maximum doses of clomiphene.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"60","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"497","pageEnd":"501","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/premature-ovulation-after-ovarian-ultrasonography-recvteumsbyai0pxe/","name":"Premature ovulation after ovarian ultrasonography","headline":"Premature ovulation after ovarian ultrasonography","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/premature-ovulation-after-ovarian-ultrasonography-recvteumsbyai0pxe/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R Frydman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Antoine-Béclère","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sb8a726"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Souderes","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Antoine-Béclère","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sb8a726"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Testart","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Thebault","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hôpital Antoine-Béclère","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sb8a726"}}],"datePublished":"1982-09-01","abstract":"Whereas follicle rupture never occurred before the 37th hour after an ovulatory stimulus (either the onset of the LH surge or hCG administration) in control patients, ovulation was observed at 26 to 36 h in women submitted to ultrasonography during the late follicular phase. Premature ovulation was observed in 5 out of 23 and 8 out of 19 cycles when ultrasonography occurred during the 3 days preceding or in the 36 h following ovulatory stimulus. This as yet unexplained observation leads us to reconsider the advisability of ovarian scan during the late follicular phase of the menstrual cycle.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"89","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"694","pageEnd":"700","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1982.tb05092.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70446974"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1471-0528.1982.tb05092.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7115633"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70446974"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endocrine-conditioning-with-endurance-training-a-preliminary-review-rec3f0w2apl81rsgd/","name":"Endocrine \"conditioning\" with endurance training a preliminary review","headline":"Endocrine \"conditioning\" with endurance training a preliminary review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endocrine-conditioning-with-endurance-training-a-preliminary-review-rec3f0w2apl81rsgd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"1982-09-01","abstract":"The human individual responds as an entire organism to the effect of endurance training. Exercise physiologists have long documented cardiovascular, musculo-skeletal and metabolic effects of conditioning. Only recently are we beginning to understand that there are hormonal and hypothalamic changes which occur with conditioning. These hormonal changes probably serve similar adaptive functions as do the other conditioning responses. Careful controlled studies need to be performed of individuals prior to, early in conditioning, and following extended periods of conditioning looking at hypothalamic function, body morphometric characteristics, psychiatric and psychological testing and menstrual cycle data in order to better understand hormonal conditioning. When hormone changes occurring with endurance training are approached in this light, the complex inter-related alterations will begin to form a pattern. Further studies are needed to document the dynamic and reversible nature of these hormonal adaptations.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Can J Appl Sport Sci"}}},"pageStart":"148","pageEnd":"156","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.5040/9781718225053.ch-006","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.5040/9781718225053.ch-006"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-an-analysis-of-change-in-procreative-intention-recvmofcbps6lkjri/","name":"Natural family planning: an analysis of change in procreative intention","headline":"Natural family planning: an analysis of change in procreative intention","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-an-analysis-of-change-in-procreative-intention-recvmofcbps6lkjri/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Fan Mu","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0252-0387","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M U Fagan"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hanna Klaus","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical College of Wisconsin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00qqv6244"}}],"datePublished":"1982-09-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"37","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of the American Medical Women's Association (1972)"}}},"pageStart":"231","pageEnd":"241","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70516452","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7142631"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70516452"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/beta-endorphin-in-hypophyseal-portal-blood-variations-throughout-the-menstrual-c-recodnuo1mbwd9ngq/","name":"beta-Endorphin in hypophyseal portal blood: variations throughout the menstrual cycle","headline":"beta-Endorphin in hypophyseal portal blood: variations throughout the menstrual cycle","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/beta-endorphin-in-hypophyseal-portal-blood-variations-throughout-the-menstrual-c-recodnuo1mbwd9ngq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sharon L. Wardlaw","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9659-7360","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Ferin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A G Frantz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W B Wehrenberg","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172"}}],"datePublished":"1982-09-01","abstract":"Concentrations of beta-endorphin were measured in the venous effluent of the hypothalamus (hypophyseal portal blood) at various phases of the menstrual cycle and after ovariectomy in rhesus and pigtailed monkeys. In the rhesus, beta-endorphin concentrations were high during the mid- to late follicular phase [737 +/- 256 pg/ml (mean +/- SE)] and the luteal phase (1675 +/- 1108) of the menstrual cycle, but were undetectable (less than 133) at menstruation. Concentrations were also high in pigtailed monkeys during stages of the menstrual cycle other than at menstruation (4870 +/- 1090 pg/ml), but undetectable (less than 133) 4--12 months after ovariectomy. These results indicate that beta-endorphin concentrations in hypophyseal portal blood are related to menstrual cycle events, probably changes in ovarian steroids; this in turn suggests that beta-endorphin may participate in the ovarian feedback regulation of gonadotropin secretion.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"111","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"879","pageEnd":"881","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/endo-111-3-879","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48907770"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/endo-111-3-879"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6286285"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q48907770"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstrual-cycle-changes-with-marathon-training-anovulation-and-short-luteal-phas-recjlcajmfjdjylot/","name":"Menstrual cycle changes with marathon training: anovulation and short luteal phase","headline":"Menstrual cycle changes with marathon training: anovulation and short luteal phase","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/menstrual-cycle-changes-with-marathon-training-anovulation-and-short-luteal-phas-recjlcajmfjdjylot/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Katherine E. Cameron","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0859-0741"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Thomas","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2096-9612"},{"@type":"Person","name":"B H Yuen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"1982-09-01","abstract":"Fourteen normal women (self-selected from 180 women enrolled) in a marathon training clinic kept basal body temperature (BBT), mileage, and weight records for 48 cycles before the marathon. Entry criteria were: Age 20-45, gynecologic age greater than 5 years, no hormone use, or weight change in 3 months. The women were 35.2 +/- 5.6 years in age, 22.6 +/- 5.1 years gynecologic age, runners of 4.1 +/- 2.5 years with premenstrual symptoms, previous pregnancy 4/14, no infertility and 2/14 remote amenorrhea. BBT records were obtained and analyzed by Vollman's criteria (1977). There was no weight loss. 32/48 cycles were biphasic but only 16 were normal in the length of the premenstrual phase (PreM = luteal, nl 10 - 16 d) with a mean of 11.1 +/- 1.2 days. The other 16 biphasic cycles had short PreM phase of 6.4 +/- 1.8 days. Monophasic (M = anovulatory) cycles occurred in 16/48 records. Cycles which were abnormal (Short PreM and M) differed only in that usual run length was longer (9.6 - 9.9 miles) than in normal cycles (7.9 +/- 2.4 miles). Marathon training may be associated with normal length but M and short PreM type cycles.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Canadian journal of applied sport sciences. Journal canadien des sciences appliquees au sport"}}},"pageStart":"173","pageEnd":"177","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70475812","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7127652"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70475812"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reversible-luteal-phase-changes-and-infertility-associated-with-marathon-trainin-recbj1fhc29uqovte/","name":"Reversible luteal phase changes and infertility associated with marathon  training","headline":"Reversible luteal phase changes and infertility associated with marathon  training","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reversible-luteal-phase-changes-and-infertility-associated-with-marathon-trainin-recbj1fhc29uqovte/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lemuel J. Bowie","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Clement","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8449-1035"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Thomas","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2096-9612"},{"@type":"Person","name":"B H Yuen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"1982-07-31","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8292","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Lancet (London, England)"}}},"pageStart":"269","pageEnd":"270","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(82)90348-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72530598"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0140-6736(82)90348-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6124692"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72530598"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/terminology-and-core-curricula-in-natural-family-planning-recpp9pfx5eolkygj/","name":"Terminology and core curricula in natural family planning","headline":"Terminology and core curricula in natural family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/terminology-and-core-curricula-in-natural-family-planning-recpp9pfx5eolkygj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J J Brennan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical College of Wisconsin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00qqv6244"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hanna Klaus","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical College of Wisconsin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00qqv6244"}}],"datePublished":"1982-07-01","abstract":"22 physician-providers who serve natural family planning (NFP) programs, mostly in the private sector, gathered to formulate a standard terminology for the field. The Billings and sympto-thermal methods are the 2 methods taught by this group. The sypto-thermal method helps a woman predict ovulation by detecting changes in her cervical mucus and in the cervix itself. Ovulation is confirmed by monitoring the temperature shift as well as by observing the cessation of mucus buildup, closing of the cervix, and firmness of the os. Those women using the Billings ovulation method predict fertility by the appearance of the cervical mucus, its sensation, color, and elasticity. Sperm will only survive if the cervical mucus is of the fertile type. It is also helpful to recognize mucus patterns of anovulation during breastfeeding, weaning, and premenopause. Use-effective rates which only reflect pregnancy are inadequate in evaluating NFP. A series of definitions are presented which in the future will help to analyze NFP data to accurately reflect NFP effectiveness. The terms included are: total pregnancies, planned pregnancy rate, pregnancy avoidance, method effectiveness rate, method-related pregnancies, informed choice pregnancies, teaching-related pregnancies, and unresolved pregnancies. All NPF teaching programs include instruction in basic reproductive physiology and in the recognition of the fertile phase. The cervical mucus factor is emphasized in ovulation method groups while thermal and other parameters are given equal weight in the sympto-thermal groups. It is the intent of NPF to teach couples to distinguish the fertile phase by using the fertility markers and to have them integrate this information into their sexual decision making. Success is dependent on teacher skill and the ability to inspire confidence in the method. Recognition of the mucus patterns of ovulation and anovulation are crucial in assessing infertility. All family providers under Title 10 must by law offer either NFP instruction or referrals to sites which do. A directory of non-Title 10 providers of NFP Services is available for $4.00 from the Human Life and NFP Foundation, 205 South Patrick Street, Alexandria, Virginia, 22314.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"38","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"117","pageEnd":"118","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)46409-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41457947"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)46409-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7095160"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41457947"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/trials-of-the-ovulation-method-of-natural-family-planning-recgbrif9tw3iutap/","name":"Trials of the ovulation method of natural family planning","headline":"Trials of the ovulation method of natural family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/trials-of-the-ovulation-method-of-natural-family-planning-recgbrif9tw3iutap/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"No Authors Listed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4186-1435","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad de Granada"}}],"datePublished":"1982-07-01","abstract":"Pip: The concept of utilizing changes in cervical secretion offers a potentially simple method of natural family planning. A detailed international trial has been conducted to test the effectiveness of the method. 5 centers are involved: Auckland; Bangalore; Dublin; Manila; and San Miguel. The observations provide an indication of the value and success of the method. They also reveal interesting variations between the different centers and between various socioeconomic classes. The work was divided into a teaching phase and an effectiveness phase. The initial phase was designed to teach individual women how to recognize the symptoms in cervical mucus, and it usually covered the first 3 complete cycles. The subjects were ovulatory, of proven fertility, less than 39 years, nonlactating, and with a history of a menstrual cycle of between 23 and 35 days. Data were collected from the patient and returned to the organizers for analysis. Comparisons were then made between different centers on the 2 study phases. In the teaching phase 94% of the women could soon recognize and record their own cervical mucus symptoms. Many women could understand the principle of the method within the 1st teaching cycle. Almost 90% of the subjects completed the teaching phase, and 7% discontinued for various reasons, including 1.3% who failed to learn the method, and 5% who became pregnant. The average number of days of abstinence by the method was 17 in the 3rd teaching cycle, a high proportion of the length of the average menstrual cycle. After the teaching phase, 725 subjects were studied in an effectiveness phase which lasted for 13 cycles. More than 7500 cycles were analysed. High rates of method failures were found in the 2 most socially developed centers, Auckland and Dublin. Pearl rates for method failure ranged from 9.4/100 women years in Auckland to 1.1 in Manila and 0 in Bangalore and San Miguel. The accumulative probability of discontinuation after 13 cycles was 35.6%, more than half of this figure being due to pregnancy. Detailed pregnancy rates/100 woman years, using the modified Pearl Index, were found to be as follows: conscious departure from the rules of the method, 15.4; inaccurate application of instructions 3.5; method failure 2.8; inadequate teaching 0.4; and uncertain reasons 0.5. Subjects were not selected randomly.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Research in Reproduction"}}},"pageStart":"1","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preliminary-experience-with-the-use-of-human-chorionic-gonadotrophin-therapy-in--recwcgtuwpbf8g1aw/","name":"Preliminary experience with the use of human chorionic gonadotrophin therapy in women with repeated abortion","headline":"Preliminary experience with the use of human chorionic gonadotrophin therapy in women with repeated abortion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/preliminary-experience-with-the-use-of-human-chorionic-gonadotrophin-therapy-in--recwcgtuwpbf8g1aw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Svigos J"}],"datePublished":"1982-06-01","abstract":"A preliminary study of 'screened' women with two consecutive miscarriages revealed an incidence of abortion in 47.4% in a subsequent pregnancy whilst hCG therapy in a similar group of women where biochemical monitoring with plasma progesterone suggested a potentially jeopardized pregnancy resulted in a continuing pregnancy in 92.3% of treated women. An urgent need for a true randomized double-blind evaluation of this therapy has been established in order to re-examine the therapeutic nihilism which currently pervades the management of women with recurrent abortion.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical Reproduction and Fertility"}}},"pageStart":"131","pageEnd":"135","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-association-between-endometriosis-and-spontaneous-abortion-a-retrospective-c-recmum0iyytwd3bvs/","name":"The association between endometriosis and spontaneous abortion. A retrospective clinical study","headline":"The association between endometriosis and spontaneous abortion. A retrospective clinical study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-association-between-endometriosis-and-spontaneous-abortion-a-retrospective-c-recmum0iyytwd3bvs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Gratkins LV"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R R Franklin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D L Olive","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4392-6909","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00xcryt71"}}],"datePublished":"1982-06-01","abstract":"Two hundred sixty-three patients with a diagnosis of endometriosis or adenomyosis were studied in a retrospective fashion. The association between endometriosis resulted in a spontaneous abortion rate of 44.3%, Patients with adenomyosis spontaneously aborted 35.1% of their pregnancies. These figures are significantly increased in comparison to those pertaining to the general population. Uterine pathology occurring with endometriosis is discussed in relation to secondary infertility. Hypotheses that may explain the relationship between endometriosis and spontaneous abortion are discussed briefly.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"27","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"333","pageEnd":"338","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41624960","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7120211"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41624960"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/tamoxifen-in-the-treatment-of-infertility-associated-with-luteal-phase-deficienc-recjyaqdvhczjrrl9/","name":"Tamoxifen in the treatment of infertility associated with luteal phase deficiency","headline":"Tamoxifen in the treatment of infertility associated with luteal phase deficiency","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/tamoxifen-in-the-treatment-of-infertility-associated-with-luteal-phase-deficienc-recjyaqdvhczjrrl9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"T Fukushima","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1345-5608","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kumamoto University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02cgss904"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Fukuma","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kumamoto University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02cgss904"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Maeyama","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kumamoto University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02cgss904"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Tajima","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kumamoto University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02cgss904"}}],"datePublished":"1982-06-01","abstract":"A group of 17 patients with suspected luteal phase deficiency was treated with tamoxifen. Tamoxifen therapy was found to lengthen the luteal phase in all patients and resulted in pregnancy in 6 of 17 patients. The integrated luteal phase progesterone (P) concentration in the nontreatment cycle of seven patients was significantly lower (P less than 0.01) than that of five normal women. Therapy with tamoxifen increased the P concentration to 186.0 +/- 24.4 ng/ml/cycle (mean +/- standard error of the mean), i.e., twice that of the control cycle. The mean estradiol (E2) concentration at the midcycle peak was about twice that observed during the nontreatment cycle. The glycogen content of the endometrial tissue at the midluteal phase in the tamoxifen cycle was significantly higher (P less than 0.025) than that of endometrial tissue in the nontreatment cycle, indicating improvement of the endometrial function.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"37","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"755","pageEnd":"761","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)46334-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71606036"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)46334-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6806128"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71606036"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-human-menstrual-cycle-plasma-concentrations-of-prolactin-lh-fsh-oestradiol-a-rec1qdvxt8cpiaqpo/","name":"The human menstrual cycle: plasma concentrations of prolactin, LH, FSH, oestradiol and progesterone in conceiving and non-conceiving women","headline":"The human menstrual cycle: plasma concentrations of prolactin, LH, FSH, oestradiol and progesterone in conceiving and non-conceiving women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-human-menstrual-cycle-plasma-concentrations-of-prolactin-lh-fsh-oestradiol-a-rec1qdvxt8cpiaqpo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ian Cooke","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7000-2306","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Sheffield","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05krs5044"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E A Lenton","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jessop Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03wc8tg09"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"O Sobowale"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Sulaiman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1456-9304"}],"datePublished":"1982-05-01","abstract":"Hormonal profiles were obtained throughout 26 conception cycles and 27 non-conception control cycles. The pregnancies followed treatment (clomiphene or bromocriptine) in 12 women but were spontaneous in the remaining 14. No sustained significant difference between the various types of conception cycle was found for LH, FSH, oestradiol or progesterone concentrations. Prolactin concentrations varied widely, suggesting that mean cycle prolactin concentrations ranging from 45 to 760 mi.u./l are compatible with conception. Although there were no significant differences in progesterone secretion within the conception cycles, there were highly significant differences between the conception cycles and the non-pregnant control cycles. Mean progesterone concentrations in the conception group were higher (P less than 0.005) than those in the control women over Days 3-8 following the LH peak. This difference could only be partly accounted for by heterogeneity within the control group (15-20% of the control cycles had low progesterone concentrations and were probably subfertile. It is suggested that the higher conception cycle progesterone concentrations during the early part of the luteal phase may constitute a preimplantation component of the maternal recognition of pregnancy in women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"65","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Reproduction and Fertility"}}},"pageStart":"131","pageEnd":"139","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1530/jrf.0.0650131","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71602369"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1530/jrf.0.0650131"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6804627"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71602369"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-methods-recbskjx6c2fi2j5c/","name":"Natural family planning methods","headline":"Natural family planning methods","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-methods-recbskjx6c2fi2j5c/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J J Billings","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9513-4057","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Vincent's HospitalMelbourne"}}],"datePublished":"1982-05-01","abstract":"Wade et al.'s report, entitled \"A randomized prospective study of the use-effectiveness of 2 methods of natural family planning,\" contains items worthy of emphasis. These includes the following: 1) less than 5% of the women in the study were prevented from using the method assigned them because of problems in identifying their cervical mucus pattern; 2) those who were unable or unwilling to adhere to the methodology were encouraged to drop out; 3) the largest single category of pregnancies occurred in both groups when the volunteers failed to follow the rules for avoiding pregnancy; 4) it was judged that there were 6 pregnancies in the ovulation method group to be classified as method failures, apparently for a total of 4501 cycles, which gives a method-failure rate of 1.6%; 5) couples were required to sign an informed consent statement of their awareness that the chances of the occurrence of pregnancy could be as high as 25% for the ovulation method; 6) recruiting difficulties constituted an important finding, primarily because they were unexpected by the investigators; 7) the volunteers recruited into the trial were restricted to those women whose menstrual cycles were 24-36 days; 8) the couples who failed to continue with the use of these 2 natural methods--ovulation and temperature rhythm--were on the average younger, more sexually active, and had fewer children; and 9) the ovulation method brings the partners into confrontation with their fertility in each cycle, and this has marked psychological results, including an awakening of the suppressed desire for that fertility to become creative of human life.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"143","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"114","pageEnd":"115","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/abortion-myths-and-realities-who-is-misleading-whom-rechxnihqgsdsz2py/","name":"\"Abortion myths and realities\": who is misleading whom?","headline":"\"Abortion myths and realities\": who is misleading whom?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/abortion-myths-and-realities-who-is-misleading-whom-rechxnihqgsdsz2py/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Crowley WF Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Willard Cates"}],"datePublished":"1982-04-15","abstract":"Thomas W. Hilgers, M.D., testifying to the Australian Royal Commission on Human Relationships in 1975, alleged that liberal abortions laws in the U.S. caused more deaths among women of childbearing age than they prevented. This inference was subsequently challenged because his analysis used a misleading extrapolation of linear regression, applied information from 2 incomparable data sets, and selected unreasonable item intervals for comparisons. On October 14, 1981, Hilgers testified before the U.S. Senate Subcommittee on the Constitution. He stated that America's legal abortion policy has had no measurable beneficial effect on maternal deaths and also implied that \"natural pregnancy\" was safer than induced abortion. These inferences were based on his recent analysis of abortion mortality with the use of national data from 1940 to 1978. Exception is still taken with Hilgers' inferences for the following reasons: neglect of risk associated with the last half of pregnancy; use of provisional 1978 data; selection of inappropriate states and time intervals; absence of the most appropriate references; use of relative frequency rather than absolute numbers; and aggregation of abortion mortality with maternal mortality. Contrary to the statements by Hilgers, the availability of legal abortion has had a measurable impact on deaths among American women of reproductive age. In 1965, even before the availability of legal abortion, deaths of women from all types of abortion (legal, illegal, and spontaneous) began to decline more rapidly than deaths from other pregnancy related causes. In 1970 the decline of abortion mortality rapidly accelerated and generally continued through 1976. In sum, legalized abortion has had a definite impact on the health of American women of childbearing age who are faced with unwanted pregnancies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"142","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"954","pageEnd":"956","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(82)90773-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46382897"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(82)90773-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7072785"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46382897"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/atherosclerosis-and-oral-contraceptive-use-serum-from-oral-contraceptive-users-s-recc0hqqfx4nzk8mw/","name":"Atherosclerosis and oral contraceptive use. Serum from oral contraceptive users  stimulates growth of arterial smooth muscle cells","headline":"Atherosclerosis and oral contraceptive use. Serum from oral contraceptive users  stimulates growth of arterial smooth muscle cells","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/atherosclerosis-and-oral-contraceptive-use-serum-from-oral-contraceptive-users-s-recc0hqqfx4nzk8mw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J D Bagdade","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8654-7696"},{"@type":"Person","name":"P V Subbaiah","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9376-8582","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Subbaiah Medical College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/026c92t86"}}],"datePublished":"1982-03-01","abstract":"Pooled serum from women taking a combined estrogen-progestin oral contraceptive preparation caused significantly greater cell proliferation and incorporation of 3H-thymidine into DNA in both human arterial smooth muscle cells and dermal fibroblasts in tissue culture than did serum from controls. A portion of this mitogenic effect appears to be related to the presence of a factor(s) that is heat stable, nondialyzable, and contained in the lipoprotein-deficient serum fraction. In vitro addition of varying concentrations of mestranol and norethindrone, the two constituents of the oral contraceptive preparation taken by participants in the study, to control serum did not enhance its mitogenicity, suggesting that the effect observed with intact serum was due either to a metabolite of these compounds or to the production of other growth-promoting substances during oral contraceptive treatment. Since smooth muscle cell proliferation is an integral feature of all atherosclerotic lesions, these findings provide some insights applicable to understanding the pathogenesis of vascular disease associated with oral contraceptive use.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Arteriosclerosis (Dallas, Tex.)"}}},"pageStart":"170","pageEnd":"176","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1161/01.atv.2.2.170","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70304519"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1161/01.atv.2.2.170"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7065983"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70304519"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clomiphene-citrate-therapy-of-infertile-women-with-low-luteal-phase-progesterone-recyob4kt1iooxcth/","name":"Clomiphene citrate therapy of infertile women with low luteal phase progesterone levels","headline":"Clomiphene citrate therapy of infertile women with low luteal phase progesterone levels","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clomiphene-citrate-therapy-of-infertile-women-with-low-luteal-phase-progesterone-recyob4kt1iooxcth/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hammond MG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Talbert LM"}],"datePublished":"1982-03-01","abstract":"Sixty-nine infertile women with a midluteal serum progesterone level of 4 to 14 ng/ml were treated with a graduated dosage schedule of clomiphene citrate until the progesterone level on day 21 was greater than 20 ng/ml. Thirty-one pregnancies occurred, 58% during the first adequate treatment cycle and 19% during the second cycle. The abortion rate was 23%. After 6 adequate treatment cycles, laparoscopic evaluation was performed on 28 of 39 patients who did not conceive. Pathology was noted in 57%. Seven of 17 patients with intraperitoneal causes of infertility conceived after alternative therapy. The corrected pregnancy rate was 60%. Results of this study suggest that low luteal phase progesterone levels may compromise fertility and that clomiphene citrate enhances pregnancy rates.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"59","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"275","pageEnd":"279","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/correlation-between-estradiol-and-progesterone-in-cycles-with-luteal-phase-defic-recsl7vybyvlrzfi8/","name":"Correlation between estradiol and progesterone in cycles with luteal phase deficiency","headline":"Correlation between estradiol and progesterone in cycles with luteal phase deficiency","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/correlation-between-estradiol-and-progesterone-in-cycles-with-luteal-phase-defic-recsl7vybyvlrzfi8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Zuckerman H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Harpaz S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Barkai J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Geva A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Goldstein D","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6367-8335"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gordon S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6388-1990"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Schwartz M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5346-7515","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"USDA"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Shalev","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sheba Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/020rzx487"}}],"datePublished":"1982-03-01","abstract":"Many studies have been published on luteal phase deficiency, and the emphasis in most of them is on progesterone deficiency. In this study 144 patients (455 cycles) with infertility were studied. The patients were divided into four groups. Group 1 consisted of patients with high estradiol and high progesterone levels in the midluteal phase. Group 2 consisted of patients with high estradiol and low progesterone levels. Group 3 consisted of patients with low estradiol and low progesterone levels. Group 4 consisted of patients with low estradiol and high progesterone levels. As expected, patients in groups 2 and 3 showed a low conception rate with outphased endometrial biopsy. However, group 4, in spite of the normal progesterone levels, had a low conception rate with an outphased endometrium. We conclude that estradiol deficiency during the luteal phase is a major factor in infertility, and replacement therapy with progesterone alone in these patients may not improve fertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"37","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"348","pageEnd":"354","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulation-detection-in-the-human-recmk5ljl8k4krvug/","name":"Ovulation detection in the human","headline":"Ovulation detection in the human","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulation-detection-in-the-human-recmk5ljl8k4krvug/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kerin J"}],"datePublished":"1982-03-01","abstract":"The importance of predicting human ovulation for either optimizing or avoiding conception has been considered from an endocrine, morphological and clinical view point. Of the biochemical markers in peripheral blood, a knowledge of the LH peak is the most clearly defined, with a two to four fold increase above baseline levels for a relatively short 24-30 hour preovulatory period. Ovulation is considered to occur 28-36 hours after the beginning of the LH rise or 8-20 hours after the LH peak. Daily assessment of the rise in preovular oestrogen reflects Graafian follicle development but the rise is less distinct and spread over 3-4 days with marked day to day fluctuations. LH induces a marked reduction in oestrogen production some 12 hours prior to ovulation and at the same time induces a two to three fold increase in progesterone production above baseline levels. While these changes in themselves are not great enough for day to day discrimination, a knowledge of their reciprocal relationship may be. The preovular rise in FSH is relatively small compared to LH and the radioimmunoassay technique has not generally been refined to be as rapid and reliable. Monitoring the day to day growth of the preovular follicle ultrasonically is both linear and potentially predictable but there is a wide range of its final diameter (17-26 mm) prior to ovulation making prediction inaccurate. With further refinements in ultrasonic resolution, detection of intrafollicular changes of the cumulus oophorus and granulosal cell layer configuration and thickness may give a closer prediction of the time of ovulation. At a clinical level a knowledge of menstrual cycle length in association with body messages which herald ovulation are useful and may forewarn that ovulation in terms of days is approaching. Such markers as preovulation pain, the detection of periovular cervical mucus and the change in physical character and position of the cervix are reliable signs of preovulation for many well motivated and informed women for either promoting or avoiding conception. A knowledge of the basal body temperature is not a prospective guide to ovulation, but once the thermal shift is established in association with loss of periovular mucus symptoms, the fertile period can be considered to have passed. Because we do not have a precise and simple marker of human ovulation, it is necessary that the most suitable marker of preor postovulation is chosen for the particular need in a given individual.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical Reproduction and Fertility"}}},"pageStart":"27","pageEnd":"54","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/abnormal-ovarian-cycles-as-diagnosed-by-ultrasound-and-serum-estradiol-levels-recltf6sghpvxnvqy/","name":"Abnormal ovarian cycles as diagnosed by ultrasound and serum estradiol levels","headline":"Abnormal ovarian cycles as diagnosed by ultrasound and serum estradiol levels","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/abnormal-ovarian-cycles-as-diagnosed-by-ultrasound-and-serum-estradiol-levels-recltf6sghpvxnvqy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M L Polan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5857-7326","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yale University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03v76x132"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Alan H DeCherney","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4095-1383","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F P Haseltine","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4007-7024","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yale University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03v76x132"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B V Caldwell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yale University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03v76x132"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Kase","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yale University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03v76x132"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Totora","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9733-961X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yale University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03v76x132"}}],"datePublished":"1982-03-01","abstract":"A significant portion of human infertility is presumably due to defective ovulation, including patients who fail to conceive despite medical induction of ovulation, those who fail despite repeated timely donor inseminations, and those with \"infertility of unknown etiology\". All point out the inadequacy of standard criteria for normal ovulation. This investigation correlates preovulatory serum estradiol and gonadotropin concentrations with dominant follicle growth measured ultrasonographically and serum progesterone levels. The data indicate a 35% incidence of cycles with significantly abnormal serum estradiol levels, decreased dominant follicle size, and abnormal progesterone levels despite biphasic basal body temperature curves and normal cycle length. If these cycles represent inadequate or abnormal ovulation, they can be distinguished from adequate cycles prior to follicle rupture and may benefit the treatment of human infertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"37","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"342","pageEnd":"347","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)46093-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70285585"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)46093-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7060784"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70285585"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/delay-in-conception-for-former-pill-users-recxstudrl8dkgkgp/","name":"Delay in conception for former 'pill' users","headline":"Delay in conception for former 'pill' users","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/delay-in-conception-for-former-pill-users-recxstudrl8dkgkgp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Shai Linn","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0867-2958","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zefat Academic College","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03syp5w68"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Schoenbaum SC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rosner B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kenneth J. Ryan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R R Monson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tufts University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05wvpxv85"}}],"datePublished":"1982-02-05","abstract":"Interview data from 3,214 married women having planned pregnancies and singleton deliveries who had no history of fertility treatment and who conceived more than two weeks after cessation of contraception were analyzed. The interval from cessation of contraception to conception was 13 months or greater for 24.8% of prior \"pill\" users vs 10.6% for former users of all other methods. As compared with former users of other methods, pill users had a notably lower monthly percentage of conceptions for the first three months and somewhat lower percentage from four to ten months. Results were not altered when potential confounding variables were controlled by logistic regression. At least 15 months of unsuccessful trials might be a more appropriate working definition of infertility for previous pill users rather than the 12-month interval generally accepted for this purpose.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"247","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA"}}},"pageStart":"629","pageEnd":"632","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/teratogenic-effects-of-cyproterone-acetate-and-medroxyprogesterone-treatment-dur-recvnxp41szymkvlc/","name":"Teratogenic effects of cyproterone acetate and medroxyprogesterone treatment during the pre- and postimplantation period of mouse embryos. I","headline":"Teratogenic effects of cyproterone acetate and medroxyprogesterone treatment during the pre- and postimplantation period of mouse embryos. I","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/teratogenic-effects-of-cyproterone-acetate-and-medroxyprogesterone-treatment-dur-recvnxp41szymkvlc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"H.-G. Eibs","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Freie Universität Berlin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/046ak2485"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Hägele"},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Spielmann","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Freie Universität Berlin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/046ak2485"}}],"datePublished":"1982-02-01","abstract":"Pregnant mice were treated with a single subcutaneous injection of either cyproterone acetate (CA) or medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA). In the first experiment the animals received 5-900 mg/kg of the hormone before implantation (day 2 of pregnancy). CA treatment on day 2 caused a dose-dependent decrease in fetal weight and a significant dose-dependent increase in the rates of cleft palate and urinary tract abnormalities. Exencephaly and heart abnormalities were also significantly more frequent, but this increase was not dose-dependent. MPA treatment on day 2 was followed by sporadic increases in dead and resorbed fetuses, a decrease in fetal weight and an increase in the rates of cleft palate, and malformed or abnormally developed fetuses. None of these effects, however, was dose-dependent. In the second experiment the mice were given one single injection (30 mg/kg) of CA or MPA on any one of days 1-12 of gestation. Treatment with CA on one day between days 1 and 12 revealed that the specific sensitivity for abnormalities of the urinary tract was on days 5 and 6, for the respiratory tract on days 8 and 9, and for cleft palate on days 10 and 11. Treatment with MPA on one day between days 1 and 12 only revealed a high rate of respiratory and urinary tract abnormalities on day 9. After treatment with MPA cleft palate was again significantly more frequent in all treated groups, however, days of peak sensitivity were not detected. The long half-life of CA (60 hours) explains the teratogenic effect of high doses of this progestin after treatment on day 2 and also the pattern of abnormal development found after treatment with a single dose of CA on one of the days between day 1 and day 12.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"25","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Teratology"}}},"pageStart":"27","pageEnd":"36","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/tera.1420250105","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42249814"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/tera.1420250105"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6461082"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q42249814"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-a-review-rec2qosqjq4zqjmzv/","name":"Natural family planning: a review","headline":"Natural family planning: a review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-a-review-rec2qosqjq4zqjmzv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hanna Klaus","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Medical College of Wisconsin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00qqv6244"}}],"datePublished":"1982-02-01","abstract":"This review of natural family planning (NFP) focuses on the following: components of the fertile phase; sympto-thermal methods; the history and methodology of NFP (calendar rhythm, basal body temperature, cervical mucus--the Billings Ovulation method); special circumstances--periods of erratic ovulation (puberty, lactation, premenopause, discontinuation of ovulation suppression, cervicitis and vaginitis, ovulation suppression by stress and pharmaceuticals); effectiveness of natural family planning; achieving pregnancy; achieving couple autonomy (confidence in the method, periodic abstinence, dynamics of the learning process, and support systems); problem areas; and delivery systems. The number of users of NFP methods increased from 2.8% of currently married couples in 1973 to 3.4% in 1976. In 1979, 75,000 new clients received training in contemporary NFP, while the number increased to over 100,000 in 1980. NFP is planning for achieving or preventing a pregnancy by the timing of intercourse. A couple can, by observing and recording certain natural symptoms and bodily changes that occur in a woman's menstrual cycle and using the information as a guide, learn to identify fertile and infertile phases in the menstrual cycle. Precise prediction of ovulation forms one of the components of delineation of the fertile phase. Billings pioneered the use of cervical mucus as a single parameter for the prediction of ovulation and its application to NFP. Women are instructed to observe their mucus patterns at the vulva, relying primarily on the sensation of wetness and lubrication, the use of the Kegel exercise, palpation with the finger, a \"wipe-through\" with toilet paper, or a combination of these observations. In the absence of ovulation, the usual changing mucus pattern is also absent. NFP can be used either to achieve or to avoid pregnancy. When NFP is used to avoid pregnancy, one will encounter method-related pregnancies, teaching-related pregnancies due either to poor teaching or poor learning or both. The major use effectiveness studies are listed in table form, and the results are shown under new headings. To achieve pregnancy, it is the general practice of NFP instructors to teach women to recognize and record their fertility signs and to suggest some months of merely concentrating coitus at the time of maximum fertility. Mastery of NFP calls for both identification of the fertile phase and integration of that knowledge into the couple's sexual decision making and behaviors. Studies are reviewed in terms of the spectre of genetically damaged offspring. NFP instruction is available in nearly every country outside the Soviet bloc.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"37","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey"}}},"pageStart":"128","pageEnd":"150","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00006254-198202000-00026","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/00006254-198202000-00026"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7033851"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-outcome-of-pregnancy-resulting-from-clomiphene-induced-ovulation-rechippsqh6njfgmt/","name":"The outcome of pregnancy resulting from clomiphene-induced ovulation","headline":"The outcome of pregnancy resulting from clomiphene-induced ovulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-outcome-of-pregnancy-resulting-from-clomiphene-induced-ovulation-rechippsqh6njfgmt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Donald E. Marsden","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Hobart Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/031382m70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F. C. M. Schokman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Marymount University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0008kv292"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J F Correy","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Hobart Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/031382m70"}}],"datePublished":"1982-02-01","abstract":"The outcome of pregnancy was studied in all women conceiving after ovulation induction with clomiphene at the gynaecological endocrine clinics operating in 2 Tasmanian cities. In 156 pregnancies where details were available, the main findings were: abortion rate 10.3%; multiple pregnancy rate 4.1%; congenital abnormality rate 3.6%; and perinatal mortality rate 3.5%. The results are compared with other reported series.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Australian & New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"18","pageEnd":"21","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1479-828x.1982.tb01391.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72045193"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1479-828x.1982.tb01391.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6954938"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72045193"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluation-of-the-use-of-proluton-depot-hydroxyprogesterone-hexanoate-in-early-p-recq7kyfbxauamtzn/","name":"Evaluation of the use of Proluton-Depot (hydroxyprogesterone hexanoate) in early pregnancy","headline":"Evaluation of the use of Proluton-Depot (hydroxyprogesterone hexanoate) in early pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluation-of-the-use-of-proluton-depot-hydroxyprogesterone-hexanoate-in-early-p-recq7kyfbxauamtzn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"T R Varma","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. George's Hospital and Medical School, London, England."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J. M. Morsman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St George's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0001ke483"}}],"datePublished":"1982-02-01","abstract":"This study evaluates the effect of treatment with Proluton-Depot (hydroxyprogesterone hexanoate) in early pregnancy, and the final outcome of pregnancy and fetal status. One hundred and fifty patients received intramuscular injection of Proluton-Depot from 6 weeks to 8 weeks to 16 weeks to 18 weeks gestation. The outcome of this treated group was compared with a similar number of 150 patients with similar problems, but the second group received no hormonal treatment. There was no evidence to suggest that Proluton-Depot had any adverse effect on the infant or the final outcome of pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"20","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: the Official Organ of the  International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics"}}},"pageStart":"13","pageEnd":"17","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7292(82)90039-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72534543"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0020-7292(82)90039-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6126401"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72534543"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-between-tamoxifen-and-clomiphene-for-induction-of-ovulation-rec9mfotnbhpixh7m/","name":"Comparison between tamoxifen and clomiphene for induction of ovulation","headline":"Comparison between tamoxifen and clomiphene for induction of ovulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-between-tamoxifen-and-clomiphene-for-induction-of-ovulation-rec9mfotnbhpixh7m/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Messinis IE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Nillius SJ"}],"datePublished":"1982-01-01","abstract":"The effectiveness of tamoxifen and clomiphene in inducing ovulation was compared in 46 women with anovulatory infertility. All the women were given both the drugs in an alternate way. If one cycle was treated by tamoxifen the next was treated by clomiphene and vice versa. Forty-one out of the 46 women (89.1%) ovulated at least once during the study. Similar ovulation rates were achieved by tamoxifen (56.2%) and clomiphene (62.9%). The lengths of the ovulatory cycles and their luteal phases and the mid-luteal phase serum progesterone levels did not differ significantly between the two compounds. Nor did the occurrence of luteal phase defects during the tamoxifen and clomiphene treatment cycles differ. Thirty-seven of the 46 women (80.4%) responded similarly to both drugs. Thus, tamoxifen is just as effective as clomiphene in inducing ovulation in women with anovulation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"61","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica"}}},"pageStart":"377","pageEnd":"379","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-ovulation-method-after-billings-authors-transl-recihkohaozjbezuw/","name":"Natural family planning: ovulation method after Billings (author's transl)","headline":"Natural family planning: ovulation method after Billings (author's transl)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-ovulation-method-after-billings-authors-transl-recihkohaozjbezuw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E Meier-Vismara","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5361-305X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"U Meier-Vismara","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6677-2677"}],"datePublished":"1982-01-01","abstract":"During the last decade, the World Health Organization has paid increasing attention to some reliable methods of birth control based on periodic abstinence. There are 2 main methods of natural family planning--the Sympto-Thermal method and the Billings Ovulation method. The latter is explained in this paper. Its scientific basis, use, effectiveness, and importance as a birth control method as well as for understanding certain types of infertility are discussed. (author's)","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"42","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Geburtshilfe Und Frauenheilkunde"}}},"pageStart":"66","pageEnd":"69","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2008-1036626","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70219003"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1055/s-2008-1036626"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7037526"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70219003"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clues-from-research-into-cross-species-fertilization-reckchqv6zet41be2/","name":"Clues from Research into Cross-Species Fertilization","headline":"Clues from Research into Cross-Species Fertilization","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clues-from-research-into-cross-species-fertilization-reckchqv6zet41be2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thadani VM"}],"datePublished":"1982-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Experimental Zoology"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dialysis-encephalopathy-and-osteomalacic-bone-disease-a-case-controlled-study-rec1lrlwywem5tbvo/","name":"Dialysis encephalopathy and osteomalacic bone disease: a case-controlled study","headline":"Dialysis encephalopathy and osteomalacic bone disease: a case-controlled study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dialysis-encephalopathy-and-osteomalacic-bone-disease-a-case-controlled-study-rec1lrlwywem5tbvo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E C Cameron","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2449-8213","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qk94m81"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W J Knickerbocker","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3799-397X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Oksana Suchowersky","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6783-4956"},{"@type":"Person","name":"V P Sweeney","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6634-6913","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vina Mekong Engineering Consultants J.S Company"}}],"datePublished":"1982-01-01","abstract":"Nine patients on long-term hemodialysis with dialysis encephalopathy were studied, with sex matched control subjects for eight of the patients. Each patient with dialysis encephalopathy and control subject were contemporaries in a similar dialysis environment. Rib and other fractures were found in excess in the patients with dialysis encephalopathy (p less than 0.005 and p less than 0.01). These patients had less radiographic hyperparathyroid bone disease, and no more osteopenia as measured by metacarpal thickness than did their control counterparts. Severe osteomalacia was documented by bone biopsy in four of te patients. In a retrospective review of clinical, biochemical and pharmacologic differences, the patients with dialysis encephalopathy were significantly older at the start of dialysis (45.6 years versus 38.6 years, p less than 0.02) and had higher mean concentrations of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and lower serum hemoglobin in the first year of dialysis than the control subjects. Blood pressure weight, creatinine, calcium, phosphate, alkaline phosphatase and a number of transfusions did not differ significantly. There was no difference in prescribed vitamin D and elemental aluminum in phosphate binders. This study demonstrates that patients with dialysis encephalopathy had more rib fractures without more parathyroid or osteopenic bone disease than did the control subjects and suggests that the etiology of dialysis encephalopathy and osteomalacia is multifactorial.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"72","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Am J Med"}}},"pageStart":"33","pageEnd":"42","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9343(82)90574-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40325017"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9343(82)90574-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7036724"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40325017"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endocrine-structural-and-functional-changes-in-the-uterus-during-premature-labor-recvg0pddqhcx6vws/","name":"Endocrine, structural, and functional changes in the uterus during premature labor","headline":"Endocrine, structural, and functional changes in the uterus during premature labor","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endocrine-structural-and-functional-changes-in-the-uterus-during-premature-labor-recvg0pddqhcx6vws/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R E Garfield","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4938-3781","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Claudia Puri","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7080-9938","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A I Csapo"}],"datePublished":"1982-01-01","abstract":"Rats which were subjected to ovariectomy on day 18 of pregnancy and were treated with 17 beta-estradiol underwent delivery prematurely at 0900 +/- 1.9 hours on the morning of day 18. All animals had in plasma and uterine tissue a precipitate and highly significant progesterone withdrawal and a corresponding significant increase in prostaglandin F and prostaglandin F metabolite. Progesterone replacement therapy given to a second group of castrated animals prevented progesterone withdrawal and premature labor, because the hormonal profile in plasma and uterine tissue of these animals was identical with that of the intact pregnant vehicle controls. Electron microscopy of longitudinal and circular myometrial layers showed a precipitate and highly significant increase in the number, size, and area of gap junctions in the uteri of the group undergoing premature delivery. In the uteri of the progesterone-treated and vehicle control groups (both intact pregnant), gap junctions were conspicuously scarce. Thus the extensive regulatory imbalance, provoked by progesterone withdrawal, induced a significant increase in myometrial gap junctions. This structural change established contacts between individual myometrial cell which could transform the multibillion cell community of the uterus into a syncytium, to generate low-resistance pathways to the flow of current and thus promote the propagation of trains of electrical discharge in support of labor.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"142","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"21","pageEnd":"27","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9378(16)32279-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70269076"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0002-9378(16)32279-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7055167"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70269076"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-beginnings-of-human-life-recizuwziuawhnqyg/","name":"The Beginnings of Human Life","headline":"The Beginnings of Human Life","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-beginnings-of-human-life-recizuwziuawhnqyg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Myna Lim","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5157-2557","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sewon Kim","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2754-068X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Ulsan","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02c2f8975"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Saebom Jeon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2771-675X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sungshin Women's University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0500xzf72"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eui Min Jeong","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3657-5219","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inha University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01easw929"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jaekyoung Kim","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sheng‐Chia Chung","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6025-9207","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Health Data Research UK","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rtjaj74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1982-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reproductive-performance-of-women-with-uterine-anomalies-an-evaluation-of-182-ca-recaa6dahqzeltk1u/","name":"Reproductive performance of women with uterine anomalies. An evaluation of 182 cases","headline":"Reproductive performance of women with uterine anomalies. An evaluation of 182 cases","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reproductive-performance-of-women-with-uterine-anomalies-an-evaluation-of-182-ca-recaa6dahqzeltk1u/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"P K Heinonen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6609-6293","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tampere University"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Pystynen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tampere University"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Saarikoski","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6349-8016","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kuopio University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00fqdfs68"}}],"datePublished":"1982-01-01","abstract":"A total of 182 women with uterine anomalies were observed over a period of 18 years. In all, 126 women had 265 pregnancies, fetal survival rate was 66%, perinatal mortality 8% and premature labors occurred in 23%. When the uterine anomalies were grouped according to degree of failure of normal and uterine development, the complete septate uteri had the best fetal survival rate (86%), complete bicornuate uteri (50%) and unicornuate (40%) poorest. Cervical cerclage was applied most in the partial bicornuate uteri (17%), where fetal survival in operated cases was: before operation, 53% and after, 100%. The frequency of breech presentation was 40-50% in all groups except complete septate uteri (25%) and complete bicornuate (0%). The highest cesarean section rate (82%) was in deliveries of patients with uterus didelphys. The frequency of cesarean section among total deliveries was 53%. Metroplasty was carried out on 19 patients. The obstetric outcome improved from 10% successful pregnancies before surgery to 88% postoperatively.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"61","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica"}}},"pageStart":"157","pageEnd":"162","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3109/00016348209156548","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28278817"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3109/00016348209156548"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7113692"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28278817"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/medvei-vc-a-history-of-endocrinology-recobvgzd6rqf3sr5/","name":"Medvei VC: A History of Endocrinology","headline":"Medvei VC: A History of Endocrinology","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/medvei-vc-a-history-of-endocrinology-recobvgzd6rqf3sr5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Medvei VC"}],"datePublished":"1982-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulation-method-of-natural-family-planning-rechwz0pdc05ju7bc/","name":"Ovulation method of natural family planning","headline":"Ovulation method of natural family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulation-method-of-natural-family-planning-rechwz0pdc05ju7bc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E B Connell-Tatum","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Emory University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43"}}],"datePublished":"1981-11-01","abstract":"Past practices of Natural Family Planning (NFP) have included such techniques as: 1) calendar rhythm in which a constant mathematical relationship was calculated between the day of ovulation and the beginning of the succeeding menstrual period, 2) temperature rhythm in which sexual intercourse is permitted by observing that the basal body temperature rises at the time of ovulation, 3) a combination of calendar and temperature rhythm methods, 4) paper test strips which measure glucose and electrolytes in vaginal secretions, 5) electronic devices of various sorts which record changes in the potentials of the pelvic organs at the time of ovulation, and 6) recent developments in computer technology which measure a number of variables. All of these techniques depend upon the identification of the fertile and infertile periods of the menstrual cycle. More recent studies by the World Health Organization have analyzed the teaching phase of NFP and the effectiveness phase of NFP using the detection of ovulation by following changes in the quality of cervical mucus. These studies tested 869 women with varied backgrounds in 5 countries. The data support the fact that many motivated women can detect ovulation reasonably accurately by following changes in their cervical mucus (the Billings method), although teaching time and motivation are considerable. Long-term and detailed data are necessary to determine the value of these methods. The advantage of NFP is the avoidance of drugs and devices. Disadvantages are that demands are placed on the sex life of couples, and there are associations between failures and increased rates of congenital abnormalities.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"36","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"551","pageEnd":"552","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)45849-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44482820"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)45849-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7308500"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44482820"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/deficient-cellular-immunity-in-endometriosis-recgx1dgyg5xzqis6/","name":"Deficient cellular immunity in endometriosis","headline":"Deficient cellular immunity in endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/deficient-cellular-immunity-in-endometriosis-recgx1dgyg5xzqis6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"W P Dmowski","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00xcryt71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R W Steele","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8832-0073","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00xcryt71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Baker","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5058-8186","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Prince of Wales Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/022arq532"}}],"datePublished":"1981-10-15","abstract":"Cell-mediated autoimmune responses were studied by means of in vivo and in vitro techniques in five rhesus monkeys with spontaneous endometriosis. The results were compared with similar data obtained from five normal rhesus monkeys without endometriosis. The in vivo studies included intrademal injection of autologous antigens prepared from uterine endometrium, ectopic endometrium, or peritoneum, or injection of the mitogen, phytohemagglutinin (PHA). Skin biopsies were obtained at 48 hours and evaluated under the light microscope for perivascular lymphocytic infiltration. The mean number of lymphocytes per high-power field after injection of the autologous endometrial antigen was significantly smaller in animals affected by endometriosis than in the control group. There was no significant difference in lymphocytic response to autologous peritoneal antigens between the groups. Animals of both groups responded readily to PHA with marked perivascular lymphocytic infiltration. Lymphocyte stimulation responses to the same autologous antigens or to PHA were evaluated by means of in vitro assays and micro-methods. Lymphocyte stimulation response to autologous endometrial antigens in the group with endometriosis was significantly less than in the control group. There was no significant difference in response to the peritoneal antigens between the groups, and the response to PHA was marked in all animals of both groups. The results of this study indicate that rhesus monkeys with spontaneous endometriosis have an altered cellular immune response to autologous antigens. Although the animals were immunologically competent, as judged by responses to PHA, both in vivo and in vitro studies indicated a decrease in the cell-mediated immune response to autologous endometrial antigens. These data suggest that endometrial cells translocated from their normal location may implant only in women with specific alteration in cell-mediated immunity. New light is thus shed on the cause of endometriosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"141","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"377","pageEnd":"383","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(81)90598-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70931190"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(81)90598-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7282821"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70931190"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-iv-the-identification-of-postovulatory-infertility-recsjkdlcun5mw12q/","name":"Natural family planning IV. The identification of postovulatory infertility","headline":"Natural family planning IV. The identification of postovulatory infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-iv-the-identification-of-postovulatory-infertility-recsjkdlcun5mw12q/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Prebil AM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A J Bailey"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1981-09-01","abstract":"The estimated time of ovulation (ETO) was correlated with the day of defined postovulatory infertility in 66 hormonally normal menstrual cycles from 24 subjects for each of 15 different natural family planning methodologies. Inherent weaknesses were identified in methods based upon calendar calculations or basal body temperature only. These weaknesses could be removed for the basal body temperature-only methods if symptoms, especially the peak mucus symptom, were added to the temperature records. However, the peak mucus symptom alone had the greatest precision of all methods studied. No advantage could be identified in combining the basal body temperature with the peak symptom.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"58","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"345","pageEnd":"350","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adolescent-contraception-recw12w3lfwvf4zf3/","name":"Adolescent contraception","headline":"Adolescent contraception","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adolescent-contraception-recw12w3lfwvf4zf3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"G C Bolton","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pennsylvania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10"}}],"datePublished":"1981-09-01","abstract":"Both the medical profession and the general public are becoming more and more aware of the need for adolescent contraception and the devastating consequences of the lack of such care. It is the responsibility of family planning providers and educators to offer this type of service tailored to adolescents and their unique needs. The service must include counseling, education, provision of contraceptives, and followup medical care. To better understand adolescent contraception, it is necessary to understand adolescent sexuality, the teenage pregnancy problem, the risks of teenage pregnancy, and the unique aspects of the contraceptive methods available to teenagers. Each of these areas is reviewed. The most important developmental task of adolescence relates to sexual maturation. The child's body undergoes complex changes necessary for adult function, and the sex drive is awakened. The teenager is faced with the task of developing a sexual identity and personal values about sexual behavior. The 2 important tasks in sexual counseling of the adolescent are helping them to decide whether or not they are ready for sexual intimacy and encouraging them to assume responsibility for their sexual behavior. The consequences of adolescent sexual activity are the rise in teenage sexually transmitted diseases and the rise in teenage pregnancies. Medically, the hazards of an adolescent pregnancy include: an overall increase in incidence of infant mortality 2-3 times that of the normal population; twice as many growth retarded infants born to teen mothers; maternal mortality 60% higher than normal; a low incidence of prenatal care early in pregnancy; and 27% of pregnancies terminated by abortion. Equally important are nonmedical consequences for the teenage parent. In general, the consequences of teen parenthood are more severe for the young mother than for the young father. Teen mothers have a suicide rate 10 times that of the general population. In discussing contraception, attention is directed to all available contraceptive methods (abstinence, sex without intercourse, natural family planning, withdrawal, condoms and vaginal spermicidal agents, diaphragm, IUDs, and abortion), but emphasis is on oral contraceptives (OCs). The popularity of OCs among adolescents is due primarily to 2 factors: the agents are highly effective and their use is not associated directly with the act of coitus. For the physician, there are 2 concerns associated with the use of these exogenous steroids in the not fully mature patient: administration might cause premature closure of the epiphyses and inhibition of full stature development; and the steroids might cause permanent hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction. Both concerns are relatively unwarranted. The OC might be an excellent choice for the adolescent without medical contraindication, who has established regular menses, and who has intercourse on a regular or fairly frequent basis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"977","pageEnd":"986","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/00003081-198109000-00022","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52292606"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/00003081-198109000-00022"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7026115"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q52292606"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-following-bilateral-ovarian-wedge-resection-a-critical-analysis-of-90--recf4rzpjdymgulkf/","name":"Fertility following bilateral ovarian wedge resection: a critical analysis of 90 consecutive cases of the polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"Fertility following bilateral ovarian wedge resection: a critical analysis of 90 consecutive cases of the polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/fertility-following-bilateral-ovarian-wedge-resection-a-critical-analysis-of-90--recf4rzpjdymgulkf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E Y Adashi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7730-1192","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J A Rock","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9970-8417","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jones HW Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"H W JONES","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jones Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01g73y611"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D S Guzick","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4791-2106","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05byvp690"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G S Jones","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A C Wentz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74"}}],"datePublished":"1981-09-01","abstract":"Fertility following bilateral ovarian wedge resection (BOWR) was evaluated in a retrospective cohort study of 90 consecutive cases of the polycystic ovary syndrome. Post-BOWR follow-up was available for varying time spans of up to 10 years. BOWR resulted in the resumption of menstrual cyclicity in 91.1% (82/90) of the cases. However, within this ovulatory group, 26 patients were characterized by oligo-ovulation and a significantly reduced conception rate (29.2%), as compared with that of 56 normo-ovulatory counterparts (60.3%). Although the crude overall conception rate for this series was 47.8%, the overall cumulative probability of conception at the end of follow-up as determined by life table analysis was 73%. The likelihood of conception at any given point in time was estimated by a monthly fecundability rate of 1.34%. Our findings also indicate that the probability of post-BOWR conception was unaffected by age, race, ward status, or duration of infertility. In contrast, persistent post-BOWR oligo- or anovulation and the presence of concurrent tuboperitoneal disease were reaffirmed as the most important determinants of the likelihood of post-BOWR conception. A minimum incidence of 7.8% was documented for acquired post-BOWR pelvic disease.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"36","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"320","pageEnd":"325","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)45732-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70941289"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)45732-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7286253"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70941289"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sex-hormone-binding-globulin-concentrations-in-women-with-severe-premenstrual-sy-recl0ojbtv0emkfzh/","name":"Sex hormone-binding globulin concentrations in women with severe premenstrual syndrome","headline":"Sex hormone-binding globulin concentrations in women with severe premenstrual syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sex-hormone-binding-globulin-concentrations-in-women-with-severe-premenstrual-sy-recl0ojbtv0emkfzh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Maureen Dalton","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Royal Free Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ge67z96"}}],"datePublished":"1981-09-01","abstract":"Sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) binding capacity was measured in 50 women with severe premenstrual syndrome and 50 age-matched controls. The binding capacity was significantly lower (P = 0.001) in the patients. This finding suggests that the levels of SHBG binding capacity could be useful in the diagnosis and may help to explain the aetiology of the premenstrual syndrome.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"57","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"671","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Postgraduate Medical Journal"}}},"pageStart":"560","pageEnd":"561","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/pgmj.57.671.560","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36716784"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/pgmj.57.671.560"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7199141"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36716784"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/do-natural-methods-for-fertility-regulation-increase-the-risks-of-genetic-errors-recnzcje1vnh5idvb/","name":"Do natural methods for fertility regulation increase the risks of genetic errors?","headline":"Do natural methods for fertility regulation increase the risks of genetic errors?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/do-natural-methods-for-fertility-regulation-increase-the-risks-of-genetic-errors-recnzcje1vnh5idvb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Serra A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5165-0017"}],"datePublished":"1981-09-01","abstract":"Genetic errors of many kinds are connected with the reproductive processes and are favored by a nunber of largely uncontrollable, endogenous, and/or exogenous factors. For a long time human beings have taken into their own hands the control of this process. The regulation of fertility is clearly a forceful request to any family, to any community, were it only to lower the level of the consequences of genetic errors. In connection with this request, and in the context of the Congress for the Family of Africa and Europe (Catholic University, January 1981), 1 question must still be raised and possibly answered. The question is: do or can the so called \"natural methods\" for the regulation of fertility increase the risks of genetic errors with their generally dramatic effects on families and on communities. It is important to try to give as far as possible a scientifically based answer to this question. Fr. Haring, a moral theologian, citing scientific evidence finds it shocking that the rhythm method, so strongly and recently endorsed again by Church authorities, should be classified among the means of \"birth control\" by way of spontaneous abortion or at least by spontaneous loss of a large number of zygotes which, due to the concrete application of the rhythm method, lack of necessary vitality for survival. He goes on to state that the scientific research provides overwhelming evidence that the rhythm method in its traditional form is responsible for a disproportionate waste of zygotes and a disproportionate frequency of spontaneous abortions and a defective childern. Professor Hilgers, a reproductive physiologist, takes on opposite view, maintaining that the hypotheses are arbitrary and the alarm false. The strongest evidence upon which Fr. Haring bases his moral principles about the use of the natural methods of fertility regulation is a paper by Guerrero and Rojos (1975). These authors examined, retrospectively, the success of 965 pregnancies which occurred in women who were using the temperature method for family planning and who had recorded the menstrual day of insemination, and they concluded that their results suggested that aging of human spermatozoa in the female genital tract is associated with a increased frequency of spontaneous abortions and that postovulatory aging of human ova results in postimplatation. Their results and conclusions were accepted with great caution by the scientific community. The kind of evidence which suggests that the use of natural methods may increase, in particular cases, the loss of embryos or fetuses, stimulates further research, but it seems a very weak basis for the establishment of principles of human behavior. At the present stage of knowledge the natural methods for the regulation of fertility cannot be qualified as methods which necessarily and considerably increase the risks of abortion of malformed progeny.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Bulletin of the Natural Family Planning Council of Victoria"}}},"pageStart":"16","pageEnd":"19","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-prospective-multicentre-trial-of-the-ovulation-method-of-natural-family-planni-recx5chie2sxq2fg0/","name":"A prospective multicentre trial of the ovulation method of natural family planning. I. The teaching phase","headline":"A prospective multicentre trial of the ovulation method of natural family planning. I. The teaching phase","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-prospective-multicentre-trial-of-the-ovulation-method-of-natural-family-planni-recx5chie2sxq2fg0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"World Health Organization"}],"datePublished":"1981-08-01","abstract":"The percentage of 869 women in five countries capable of being taught to recognize the periovulatory cervical mucus symptom of the fertile period was determined in a prospective multicentre trial of the ovulation method of natural family planning. The women were ovulating, of proven fertility, represented a spectrum of cultures and socioeconomic levels, and ranged from illiteracy to having postgraduate education. In the first of three standard teaching cycles, 93% recorded on interpretable ovulatory mucus pattern. Eighty-eight per cent of subjects successfully completed the teaching phase; 7% discontinued for reasons other than pregnancy, including 1.3% who failed to learn the method. Forty-five subjects (5%) became pregnant during the average 3.1-cycle teaching phase. The average number of days of abstinence required by the rules of the method was 17 in the third teaching cycle (58.2% of the average cycle length). To what extent the findings of this study can be extended to other couples remains to be demonstrated.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"36","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"152","pageEnd":"158","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70167101","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7021189"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70167101"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/possible-involvement-of-endorphin-withdrawal-or-imbalance-in-specific-premenstru-ubaxcnla/","name":"Possible involvement of endorphin withdrawal or imbalance in specific premenstrual syndromes and postpartum depression","headline":"Possible involvement of endorphin withdrawal or imbalance in specific premenstrual syndromes and postpartum depression","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/possible-involvement-of-endorphin-withdrawal-or-imbalance-in-specific-premenstru-ubaxcnla/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Halbreich U"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Endicott J"}],"datePublished":"1981-08-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Medical Hypotheses"}}},"pageStart":"1045","pageEnd":"1058","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-9877(81)90100-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41616605"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0306-9877(81)90100-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41616605"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/breast-cancer-incidence-in-women-with-a-history-of-progesterone-deficiency-recizeuutavsmgn6z/","name":"Breast cancer incidence in women with a history of progesterone deficiency","headline":"Breast cancer incidence in women with a history of progesterone deficiency","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/breast-cancer-incidence-in-women-with-a-history-of-progesterone-deficiency-recizeuutavsmgn6z/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"James Tonascia","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6348-022X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L D Cowan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Gordis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G S Jones","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}}],"datePublished":"1981-08-01","abstract":"In order to investigate the nature of the association of involuntarily delayed first birth and risk of breast cancer, 1083 white women who had been evaluated and treated for infertility from 1945-1965 were followed prospectively through April 1978 to ascertain their breast cancer incidence. These women were categorized as to the cause of infertility into two groups, those with endogenous progesterone deficiency (PD) and those with nonhormonal causes (NH). Women in the PD group had 5.4 times the risk of premenopausal breast cancer compared to women in the NH group. This excess risk could not be explained by differences between the two groups in ages at menarche or menopause, history of oral contraceptive use, history of benign breast disease or age at first birth. Women in the PD group also experienced a 10-fold increase in deaths from all malignant neoplasms compared to the NH group. The incidence of postmenopausal breast cancer did not differ significantly between the two groups.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"114","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Epidemiology"}}},"pageStart":"209","pageEnd":"217","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113184","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46384002"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113184"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7304556"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46384002"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-iii-intermenstrual-symptoms-and-estimated-time-of-ovulat-recefanxhpre7oxto/","name":"Natural family planning III. Intermenstrual symptoms and estimated time of ovulation","headline":"Natural family planning III. Intermenstrual symptoms and estimated time of ovulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-iii-intermenstrual-symptoms-and-estimated-time-of-ovulat-recefanxhpre7oxto/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Prebil AM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hilgers SK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Diane Daly","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4526-9869","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint John's Mercy Medical Center"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1981-08-01","abstract":"Several periovulatory symptoms sometimes used in natural family planning are correlated with the estimated time of ovulation in 23 subjects and 64 hormonally normal menstrual cycles. The data suggest that intermenstrual pain may not be due to 1 specific cause but rather to several related factors. As a symptom of ovulation, intermenstrual pain was more specific than lower backache, abdominal bloating, and intermenstrual bleeding nonetheless, intermenstrual pain has a broad periovulatory association. The most reproducible and predictable sign of this series appeared to be the postovulatory occurrence of breast tenderness.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"58","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"152","pageEnd":"155","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/puerperal-psychosis-phenomena-and-diagnosis-reckblrpv1nyoetqm/","name":"Puerperal Psychosis. Phenomena and diagnosis","headline":"Puerperal Psychosis. Phenomena and diagnosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/puerperal-psychosis-phenomena-and-diagnosis-reckblrpv1nyoetqm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ian Brockington","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8853-0943"},{"@type":"Person","name":"K F Cernik"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A R Downing"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A F Francis"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Keelan"},{"@type":"Person","name":"E M Schofield"}],"datePublished":"1981-07-01","abstract":"Fifty-eight psychoses beginning within two weeks of childbirth are compared with 52 episodes of nonpuerperal psychotic illness occurring in young women. A clinical approach based on the use of multiple information sources and integrated assessment was used. Statistically significant differences between the two groups of patients were found in 52 of 214 psychopathological variables. Postpartum patients had more manic symptoms and \"confusion,\" while nonpuerperal patients had more schizophrenic symptoms. The Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC) showed an excess of schizoaffective (manic) puerperal patients and schizoaffective (depressed) or schizophrenic nonpuerperal patients. Only five of 58 puerperal episodes met RDC for schizophrenia. The relative lack of schizophrenic symptoms in the puerperal group was confirmed by self-ratings. The results are interpreted as supporting a link between puerperal psychosis and manic-depressive disease.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"38","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Archives of General Psychiatry"}}},"pageStart":"829","pageEnd":"833","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1981.01780320109013","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70818503"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/archpsyc.1981.01780320109013"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7247645"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70818503"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sonographic-monitoring-of-ovarian-follicular-development-recgotfmp42e3q8pm/","name":"Sonographic monitoring of ovarian follicular development","headline":"Sonographic monitoring of ovarian follicular development","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sonographic-monitoring-of-ovarian-follicular-development-recgotfmp42e3q8pm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A C Fleischer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6976-7291","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Daniell James F.","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"James F. Md, Daniell Facog"},{"@type":"Person","name":"James AE Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A. Everette James","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6174-6696"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J F Daniell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A M Lindsay","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Rodier","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34"}}],"datePublished":"1981-07-01","abstract":"Serial sonographic examinations were performed on 15 volunteers five days during the expected midcycle. The 75 sonographic studies were evaluated in a nonbiased manner, and the following features were assessed: 1) the presence or absence of a follicle within the ovary; 2) if present, the average dimension of the follicle; 3) the ability to delineate both ovaries; and 4) the presence of associated changes, such as involution of the follicle, echogenic texture within the follicle, or fluid in the cul-de-sac. The sonographic findings were correlated with serial leutinizing hormone (LH) assays as well as basal body temperature charts. As defined in the study, the correlation between the sonographic findings and hormonal determination were considered excellent in 70% of the cases, good in 20%, and poor in 10%. Both ovaries were delineated in 73% of the examinations performed, thus substantiating the ability of sonography to detect maturing ovarian follicles.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Clinical Ultrasound : JCU"}}},"pageStart":"275","pageEnd":"280","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/jcu.1870090605","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70550033"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/jcu.1870090605"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6454699"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70550033"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/peritoneal-fluid-cell-populations-in-infertility-patients-rec3efv24g9wwosq2/","name":"Peritoneal fluid cell populations in infertility patients","headline":"Peritoneal fluid cell populations in infertility patients","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/peritoneal-fluid-cell-populations-in-infertility-patients-rec3efv24g9wwosq2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A F Haney","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710."}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J B Weinberg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4768-4361","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duke Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03njmea73"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J J Muscato","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Duke Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03njmea73"}}],"datePublished":"1981-06-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"35","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"696","pageEnd":"698","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)45567-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70664678"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)45567-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7195828"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70664678"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/correlation-of-plasma-gonadotrophins-and-ovarian-steroids-pattern-with-symptomat-recptv4qmvthv6k1a/","name":"Correlation of plasma gonadotrophins and ovarian steroids pattern with symptomatic changes in cervical mucus during the menstrual cycle in normal cycling women","headline":"Correlation of plasma gonadotrophins and ovarian steroids pattern with symptomatic changes in cervical mucus during the menstrual cycle in normal cycling women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/correlation-of-plasma-gonadotrophins-and-ovarian-steroids-pattern-with-symptomat-recptv4qmvthv6k1a/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S Cortesi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2642-0797","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"International Renal Research Institute of Vicenza","sameAs":"https://ror.org/053q96737"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Zen"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Rigoni","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"International Renal Research Institute of Vicenza","sameAs":"https://ror.org/053q96737"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Sposetti","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"International Renal Research Institute of Vicenza","sameAs":"https://ror.org/053q96737"}}],"datePublished":"1981-06-01","abstract":"27 healthy young Italian women were studied to evaluate their ability to identify symptomatically the potentially fertile phase of the menstrual cycle by self observation of their cervical mucus pattern as described in the Ovulation Method Billings. The women's observations were correlated with daily plasma levels of FSH, LH, estradiol-17 beta and progesterone. Ovulation was considered to occur on the day following the LH peak. The hormonal assays revealed that 2 of the 34 cycles studied were anovulatory. 24 of the 27 subjects in the study group demonstrated their ability to recognize the onset of the mucus discharge and the peak symptom from the first cycle after teaching, another two from the second cycle. The only other subject contributed an anovulatory cycle in which the hormonal assay confirmed the accuracy of her mucus observations. In the study, the mean interval between the time of ovulation as assessed and the peak symptom recorded by the subjects was 0.0 days, with a range from -2 to +1 days. The mean time interval from the first recorded symptom to the estimated day of ovulation was 6.0 days, with a range from 3 to 10 days. The study shows that young Italian women can be taught to recognize their cervical mucus pattern as described in the Ovulation Method Billings. The accuracy of their observations is demonstrated by the hormonal assays. The study also confirms the conclusion reached in earlier similar studies that there is a direct correlation between the cervical mucus symptom and the potentially fertile phase of the cycle. Research is currently being conducted on a larger number of couples employing the Ovulation Method Billings to actually regulate their fertility.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"23","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"629","pageEnd":"641","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0010-7824(81)80005-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71570217"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0010-7824(81)80005-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6793304"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71570217"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/successful-treatment-of-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-with-spironolactone-or-bromocr-reckrs77bzshaf65h/","name":"Successful treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome with spironolactone or bromocriptine","headline":"Successful treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome with spironolactone or bromocriptine","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/successful-treatment-of-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-with-spironolactone-or-bromocr-reckrs77bzshaf65h/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Blum I"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kaufman H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marilus R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rusecki Y"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chovers I"}],"datePublished":"1981-05-01","abstract":"Marked improvement in the severe hypertension (250/150 mmHg) and hirsutism of a patient suffering from polycystic ovary syndrome was quickly achieved by the use of spironolactone 200 mg per day. Substitution of spironolactone with bromocriptine induced further amelioration of these symptoms and renewal of ovulatory cycles. These drugs may afford another mode of therapy in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"57","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"661","pageEnd":"665","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/factors-altering-thyroid-hormone-metabolism-rec0935tq5anu7zsc/","name":"Factors altering thyroid hormone metabolism","headline":"Factors altering thyroid hormone metabolism","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/factors-altering-thyroid-hormone-metabolism-rec0935tq5anu7zsc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J Robbins"}],"datePublished":"1981-04-01","abstract":"Thyroxine, the major secretory product of the thyroid gland, is metabolized in the peripheral tissues by phenolic conjugation, deamination, decarboxylation, and a cascade of monodeiodinations. This brief review focuses on the deiodination reactions, which currently are under intensive investigation. One product, 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3), is the major active form of the thyroid hormone, and about 80% of the T3 produced in the body is derived extrathyroidally. Furthermore, a greater fraction of the T3 found on nuclear receptors in pituitary and brain cells is derived intracellularly, as compared to liver and kidney cells. The latter tissues, on the other hand, appear to be the source of most of the circulating T3. Another deiodinase, acting on the nonphenolic ring of T4, gives rise to the hormonally inactive 3,3',5'-triiodothyronine (\"reverse\" T3 or rT3). A number of physiological and pathological events perturb the deiodination pathway, leading to a decrease in T3 neogenesis and reciprocal changes in the circulating level of T3 (which decreases) and rT3 (which increases). This so-called \"low T3 syndrome\" is also produced by a number of pharmacological agents. The biological effects resulting from these changes are incompletely understood, but they are potentially important in the body's adjustment to stress and as a site of action of toxic agents. In addition, they are of obvious importance clinically because of their influence on serum T3 and TSH levels, which are commonly used tests of thyroid function.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"38","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Environmental Health Perspectives"}},"pageStart":"65","pageEnd":"70","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.813865","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35035195"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1289/ehp.813865"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7238448"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35035195"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/spontaneous-abortion-rate-in-patients-with-endometriosis-etps4mhh/","name":"Spontaneous abortion rate in patients with endometriosis","headline":"Spontaneous abortion rate in patients with endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/spontaneous-abortion-rate-in-patients-with-endometriosis-etps4mhh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Naples JD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Batt RE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sadigh H"}],"datePublished":"1981-04-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"57","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"509","pageEnd":"12","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70805571","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7243105"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70805571"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/intravaginal-administration-of-progesterone-enhanced-absorption-after-estrogen-t-recxvmchamcuiaih5/","name":"Intravaginal administration of progesterone: enhanced absorption after estrogen treatment","headline":"Intravaginal administration of progesterone: enhanced absorption after estrogen treatment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/intravaginal-administration-of-progesterone-enhanced-absorption-after-estrogen-t-recxvmchamcuiaih5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert F Casper","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6249-462X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Toronto","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Villanueva","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S S Yen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48"}}],"datePublished":"1981-04-01","abstract":"A progesterone solution was administered by intravaginal instillation, intramuscular injection, and sublingually to estrogen-deficient women, with or without estradiol (E2) replacement, and serum progesterone (P) concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay. Intravaginal application to postmenopausal subjects receiving E2 gave the highest values of serum P: 10 times baseline at 15 minutes and 30 to 40 times at 1 to 2 hours, with sustained levels, for 7 hours and decline to 10 times baseline at 24 hours. Intravaginal application to hypoestrogenic women gave similar results, but of much lower magnitude (highest value, 20 times baseline). Intramuscular injection, in contradistinction, showed gradually increasing levels over the study period, up to 30 times basal values at 24 hours. It contrast, sublingual application produced very modest serum increases, to approximately 10 times baseline within 2 hours and return to basal value at 24 hours. Since the most rapid and highest levels were observed by vaginal application to postmenopausal women receiving estrogen, and considering that the vagina has been similarly shown to be very effective for estrogen absorption, it is conceived that full hormone replacement could be accomplished in the deficient states by cyclic vaginal application of both steroids.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"35","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"433","pageEnd":"437","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)45439-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59485378"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)45439-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7215569"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q59485378"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/follicular-phase-treatment-of-luteal-phase-dysfunction-recc6t0imeevwhtdx/","name":"Follicular phase treatment of luteal phase dysfunction","headline":"Follicular phase treatment of luteal phase dysfunction","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/follicular-phase-treatment-of-luteal-phase-dysfunction-recc6t0imeevwhtdx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"G S DiZerega","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4150-581X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G D Hodgen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eastern Virginia Medical School","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056hr4255"}}],"datePublished":"1981-04-01","abstract":"Previously, we demonstrated that selective suppression of serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in monkeys treated with charcoal-extracted porcine follicular fluid (pFF) in the early follicular phase induced luteal defects resembling those which occur spontaneously in women and monkeys. Here, we assessed whether luteal phase defects arising in association with induced FSH deficiencies during the early follicular phase can be treated by early FSH therapy. Rhesus monkeys were treated with pFF and human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) (FSH:luteinizing hormone [LH], 3:1) on cycle days 1 to 3 or day 4, respectively. Daily femoral blood samples were analyzed for LH, FSH, and estradiol by radioimmunoassay. In the monkeys treated with the pFF-hMG combination, a single ovulation was uniformly noted at laparoscopy, and initial luteal phase elevations in serum progesterone levels were nearer those of normal ovulatory cycles than after pFF alone. These results suggest that FSH/LH treatment in the early follicular phase compensated, in part, for the pFF-induced deficiency in endogenous FSH levels.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"35","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"428","pageEnd":"432","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clinical-investigation-of-the-menstrual-cycle-iii-clinical-endometrial-and-endoc-recuhlnbue6uidqb9/","name":"Clinical investigation of the menstrual cycle. III. Clinical, endometrial, and endocrine aspects of luteal defect","headline":"Clinical investigation of the menstrual cycle. III. Clinical, endometrial, and endocrine aspects of luteal defect","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clinical-investigation-of-the-menstrual-cycle-iii-clinical-endometrial-and-endoc-recuhlnbue6uidqb9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Gautray"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J de Brux","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Mouren","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Robel","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Tajchner","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}}],"datePublished":"1981-03-01","abstract":"This study was intended to correlate different clinical and biologic parameters to better define luteal insufficiency (LI) and to contribute to a better understanding of its origin. Endometrial patterns were used as the basis for classification of clinical cases. Of 328 outpatients with menstrual disorders and/or infertility, 88 were considered to have LI. Their cycles were compared with 79 normal cycles. Two different principal endometrial patterns of LI are described: pure LI, when the endometrium is more than 2 days out of phase; and LI with persistent estrogenic influence, when the histologic estrogenic stigmata are excessive during the luteal phase. Basal body temperature charts demonstrated menstrual cycle disturbances: either ovulation delay or a slow increase in temperature (longer than 2 days). Plasma steroid concentrations also demonstrated a perturbation of the entire menstrual cycle: progesterone levels were statistically significantly lower in LI than in normal cycles and this defect was worse when the estrogenic influence was persistent; the preovulatory estradiol peak was disturbed in all circumstances, as was the concentration of endometrial steroid receptors. These simultaneous abnormalities strongly suggest a central origin of LI.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"35","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"296","pageEnd":"303","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)45374-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70681806"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)45374-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7202753"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70681806"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endogenous-opiates-modulate-pulsatile-luteinizing-hormone-release-in-humans-recxorunfv6sgev87/","name":"Endogenous opiates modulate pulsatile luteinizing hormone release in humans","headline":"Endogenous opiates modulate pulsatile luteinizing hormone release in humans","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endogenous-opiates-modulate-pulsatile-luteinizing-hormone-release-in-humans-recxorunfv6sgev87/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J F Ropert","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M E Quigley","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S. S. C. YEN","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48"}}],"datePublished":"1981-03-01","abstract":"To test the postulate that endogenous opioid peptides may be involved in the neuroendocrine mechanisms controlling the frequency and amplitude of LH pulses, saline and an opioid receptor antagonist, naloxone, were infused sequentially, each for 6-h intervals, in six normal cycling women during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. During naloxone infusion (1.6 mg/h), there was a significant (P less than 0.01) increase in both the frequency and amplitude of LH pulses compared to those in saline controls. FSH pulses were not discernible in individual subjects; however, a significant increment in FSH levels occurred concomitantly with the increase in LH. These data strongly suggest that endogenous opiates, through an inhibition of hypothalamic LRF, participate in the endocrine events leading to the low frequency of episodic LH secretion characteristic of the luteal phase of the human menstrual cycle.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"52","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"583","pageEnd":"585","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-52-3-583","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71533955"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jcem-52-3-583"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6780598"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71533955"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endorphins-and-the-regulations-of-the-human-menstrual-cycle-recu8uzkfjfsxwvks/","name":"Endorphins and the regulations of the human menstrual cycle","headline":"Endorphins and the regulations of the human menstrual cycle","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endorphins-and-the-regulations-of-the-human-menstrual-cycle-recu8uzkfjfsxwvks/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"F I Reyes","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05pr37258"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J.S.D. WINTER"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Blankstein","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05pr37258"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Faiman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05pr37258"}}],"datePublished":"1981-03-01","abstract":"In order to assess a possible influence of endogenous opioids upon gonadotrophin secretion in women, we examined the effects of i.v. administration of 10 mg naloxone, a specific opiate antagonist, in ten normal menstruating women, in thirteen women with amenorrhoea and/or hyperprolactinaemia and in two women with putative deficiency of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH). In thirteen subjects, a saline vehicle control study (randomized order of administration) was also performed. In the normal women, naloxone failed to elicit changes in serum gonadotrophin levels when administered during the early follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. However, significant increments of LH were observed from 30 to 165 min following naloxone administration during the late follicular phase. Similar LH responses occurred in the amenorrhoeic and hyperprolactinaemic women. There was a tendency towards a concomitant increment in FSH levels, which reached statistical significance variably from 60 to 105 min post-naloxone. The LH response to naloxone in individual subjects showed a significant (P less than 0.01) quadratic (U-shaped) relationship to the log basal oestradiol concentration. No response to naloxone was observed in the two patients with GnRH deficiency despite a brisk response to an exogenous GnRH bolus. Taken together, these data suggest that central nervous system inhibitory opioid pathways may be involved in the regulation of LH secretion in normal women and that excessive production of endogenous opioids may play a role in the pathophysiology of some amenorrhoeic conditions.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"287","pageEnd":"294","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2265.1981.tb00197.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71562432"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1365-2265.1981.tb00197.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6790206"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71562432"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-conservative-surgical-treatment-of-endometriosis-evaluation-of-pregnancy-suc-recri9sffbgnulzdd/","name":"The conservative surgical treatment of endometriosis: evaluation of pregnancy success with respect to the extent of disease as categorized using contemporary classification systems","headline":"The conservative surgical treatment of endometriosis: evaluation of pregnancy success with respect to the extent of disease as categorized using contemporary classification systems","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-conservative-surgical-treatment-of-endometriosis-evaluation-of-pregnancy-suc-recri9sffbgnulzdd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J A Rock","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9970-8417","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D S Guzick","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4791-2106","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05byvp690"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H W JONES","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jones Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01g73y611"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jones HW Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"K C Sapp","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Schweditsch","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05cb1k848"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Sengos","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05cb1k848"}}],"datePublished":"1981-02-01","abstract":"A homogeneous group of 214 infertile women with endometriosis treated at the Johns Hopkins Hospital from 1960 to 1979 received conservative surgery as the sole therapeutic modality. Among this group, 115 patients (54%) conceived following surgery; of these conceptions, 109 resulted in a living child. Among 49 patients with secondary infertility, the spontaneous abortion rate was reduced from 49% to 20% after conservative surgery (P less than or equal to 0.01). Three contemporary classification systems were utilized to categorize patients according to the sites and amount of endometriosis at the time of conservative surgery. Those systems suggested by Buttram (Fertil Steril 30:240, 1978) and by Kistner and coauthors (Fertil Steril 28:108, 1977) revealed differences among fecundability rates among the different categories (P less than or equal to 0.01); however, the system suggested by The American Fertility Society (AFS) (Fertil Steril 32:633, 1979) revealed significant differences only if categories were combined (mild plus moderate versus severe plus extensive, P less than or equal to 0.05). Nevertheless, the AFS system revealed that pregnancy success was significantly reduced if an ovarian endometrioma was greater than 3 cm or had ruptured (P less than or equal to 0.01).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"35","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"131","pageEnd":"137","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)45311-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70681756"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)45311-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7202738"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70681756"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-fifteen-year-experience-with-ectopic-pregnancy-recffpd1k9mbvloo3/","name":"A fifteen year experience with ectopic pregnancy","headline":"A fifteen year experience with ectopic pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-fifteen-year-experience-with-ectopic-pregnancy-recffpd1k9mbvloo3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Tancer ML"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Delke I"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Veridiano NP"}],"datePublished":"1981-02-01","abstract":"The increasing importance of an ectopic pregnancy as a cause of maternal death presents a challenge that will be met when primary care physicians combine a high index of suspicion with the ability to recognize the patient most at risk. The major symptoms, abdominal pain, secondary amenorrhea and abnormal vaginal bleeding are well known, as are the major signs, abdominal tenderness, adnexal mass and tenderness on motion of the cervix. Less well known are factors in the clinical history which indicate the patient to be at high risk. These include primary or secondary infertility, previous abortion or ectopic pregnancy and previous tubal operation, either reconstructive or sterilizing. In addition, the use of an intrauterine contraceptive device or its recent removal because of abdominal pain or bleeding, or both, is highly significant. Of major importance is a history of recent uterine evacuation. Should the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy be under consideration, procrastination by observation is no longer acceptable. An active effort must be made to confirm or deny the diagnosis, Culdocentesis should be performed in the emergency department or clinic. If positive, prompt laparotomy is indicated. Should the result of culdocentesis be unsatisfactory or negative, laparotomy should be undertaken with further delay.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"152","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Surgery, Gynecology & Obstetrics"}}},"pageStart":"179","pageEnd":"182","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-endocrinology-of-the-opiates-and-opioid-peptides-recn5edayjrbxzn4t/","name":"The endocrinology of the opiates and opioid peptides","headline":"The endocrinology of the opiates and opioid peptides","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-endocrinology-of-the-opiates-and-opioid-peptides-recn5edayjrbxzn4t/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J E Morley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1104-0393","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Minnesota","sameAs":"https://ror.org/017zqws13"}}],"datePublished":"1981-02-01","abstract":"Since the isolation of the enkephalins five yr ago, there has been an explosive increase in knowledge concerning the effects of the opiates and opioid peptides. This review deals with the interactions of opiates with the endocrine system in rat and man. The opioid peptides have been demonstrated to exert a variety of effects on pituitary hormone secretion in rat and man. In the rat, opiates stimulate growth hormone, prolactin and ACTH release and inhibit the release of the glycoprotein hormones. In man, the physiologic role of the endogenous opiates appears to be involved predominantly in ACTH and gonadotrophin regulation. Opiate effects are mainly exerted at the level of the hypothalamus but further modulating effects may occur at the pituitary and at end-organs. Opiate-induced hormonal effects appear to be mediated through dopaminergic and/or serotonergic mechanisms. Recent studies have also suggested a possible local neuromodulatory role for the opioid peptides in the control of carbohydrate metabolism and reproductive processes.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"30","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental"}}},"pageStart":"195","pageEnd":"209","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0026-0495(81)90172-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40123403"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0026-0495(81)90172-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6258010"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40123403"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulation-method-of-contraception-recjhpk3oeljrqpus/","name":"Ovulation method of contraception","headline":"Ovulation method of contraception","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulation-method-of-contraception-recjhpk3oeljrqpus/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ian McDermott"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph O'Connor"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J J Billings","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9513-4057","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Vincent's HospitalMelbourne"}}],"datePublished":"1981-01-10","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical Journal of Australia"}}},"pageStart":"45","pageEnd":"46","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1981.tb135299.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70700667"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.5694/j.1326-5377.1981.tb135299.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7207299"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70700667"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/overview-of-the-biological-aspects-of-the-fertile-period-recsprytjxpgtpwp1/","name":"Overview of the biological aspects of the fertile period","headline":"Overview of the biological aspects of the fertile period","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/overview-of-the-biological-aspects-of-the-fertile-period-recsprytjxpgtpwp1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"France JT"}],"datePublished":"1981-01-01","abstract":"The fertile period of the human menstrual cycle consists of those days on which sexual intercourse can result in a pregnancy. Its duration is determined by the functional life span of the gametes within the female reproductive tract. Various mechanisms control gamete transport and survival in the reproductive tract of the human female. The ovarian hormones estradiol and progesterone have an important role in regulating these mechanisms. The nature of cervical mucus and its governing influences on sperm transport and survival following coitus are of prime importance in defining the fertile days of the menstrual cycle. Man's early concepts of the fertile period were often based on erroneous theories of the female reproductive cycle. It is only since the late 1920's that a true understanding of ovulation and the menstrual cycle has evolved. Current approaches in natural family planning to recognizing the fertile and infertile days of the menstrual cycle are discussed and evaluated.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"26","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Fertility"}}},"pageStart":"143","pageEnd":"152","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulation-and-corpus-luteum-formation-observed-by-ultrasonography-recxmdxatm6snb10g/","name":"Ovulation and corpus luteum formation observed by ultrasonography","headline":"Ovulation and corpus luteum formation observed by ultrasonography","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulation-and-corpus-luteum-formation-observed-by-ultrasonography-recxmdxatm6snb10g/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S. Nitschke‐Dabelstein","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Philipps University of Marburg","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01rdrb571"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bernhard-Joachim Hackelöer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Philipps University of Marburg","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01rdrb571"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Sturm","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Philipps University of Marburg","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01rdrb571"}}],"datePublished":"1981-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology"}}},"pageStart":"33","pageEnd":"39","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0301-5629(81)90020-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70778467"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0301-5629(81)90020-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7233612"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70778467"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/an-epidemiologic-study-of-preterm-delivery-recxknlwh6ilk18na/","name":"An epidemiologic study of preterm delivery","headline":"An epidemiologic study of preterm delivery","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/an-epidemiologic-study-of-preterm-delivery-recxknlwh6ilk18na/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Berkowitz Gs","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Yale University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03v76x132"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"GERTRUD SVALA BERKOWTTZ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G S Berkowitz"}],"datePublished":"1981-01-01","abstract":"A case-control study of the epidemiology of preterm delivery was undertaken at Yale-New Haven Hospital in Connecticut during 1977. The study population consisted of 175 mothers of singleton preterm infants and 313 mothers of singleton term infants. Significant risk factors of a preterm delivery included low socioeconomic status; low pregravid weight; inadequate weight gain during the pregnancy; a previous preterm delivery; a history of infertility problems; an induced abortion terminating the previous pregnancy; vaginal spotting or light bleeding during the pregnancy; antepartum hemorrhage and abnormal placental implantation; lack of leisure-time physical activities during the pregnancy; alcohol consumption prior to the third trimester of pregnancy; and negative attitudinal expression toward the pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"113","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Epidemiology"}}},"pageStart":"81","pageEnd":"92","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113068","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71461896"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113068"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7457481"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71461896"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effectiveness-of-the-sympto-thermal-method-of-natural-family-planning-an-interna-recks34wzydqwhk4k/","name":"Effectiveness of the sympto-thermal method of natural family planning: an  international study","headline":"Effectiveness of the sympto-thermal method of natural family planning: an  international study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effectiveness-of-the-sympto-thermal-method-of-natural-family-planning-an-interna-recks34wzydqwhk4k/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Claude A. Lanctot","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"African Federation for Emergency Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0489p2588"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Garcia-Devesa C","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5534-3228","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centro de Información y Gestión Tecnológica de Pinar del Rio"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F J Rice","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fairfield University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04z49n283"}}],"datePublished":"1981-01-01","abstract":"A 2-year international study involving NFP (natural family planning) associations in 5 countries (Canada Colombia France Mauritius U.S.) was conducted to evaluate statistically the effectiveness of the sympto-thermal method an NFP method which adds to the temperatiure method the observation of signs and symptoms of the ovulatory period. 1022 couples (21736 couples) were selected on the following criteria: 1) the wife had to be between 19 and 44 years of age 2) the wife had to be of proven fertility by having carried a fetus for at least 28 weeks 3) the couple must have submitted 1 satisfactory temperature graphy before being accepted and 4) the couple must have expressed a willingness to submit temperature graphs for 2 years. 826 couples completed 24 months. Menstrual cycle length varied from 9 to 98 days with an average of 28.43 days. 205 women had a variation of 8 days or less. 128 unplanned pregnancies occured giving a rate of 7.47 conceptions/100 woman-years of exposure. Theoretical effectiveness was .93 pregnancies/100 woman-years using the Pearl Formula; 16 pregnancies occured in couples following instructions. Failure rate was 4.13% for couples trying to prevent pregnancies and 14.83% for couples only delaying a pregnancy. Failure rate of the method used alone was 7.16%; 8.19% used with other contraceptives. There was an average of 13 cycles per year per woman. Using the modified Pearl index (pregnancies per 1300 cycles rather than per 1200 months) the pregnancy rate was 7.66% vs. 7.47% for 1200 months. The study shows that the sympto-thermal method is effective and reliable. 2 issues remain unresolved: 1) whether a large group of people will accept a method that depends on periodic abstinence or 2) whether the method will be just as effective when used by couples who are not as well motivated as the participants in this study.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"26","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Fertility"}}},"pageStart":"222","pageEnd":"230","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cervical-mucus-the-biological-marker-of-fertility-and-infertility-recaldknymu5alztz/","name":"Cervical mucus: the biological marker of fertility and infertility","headline":"Cervical mucus: the biological marker of fertility and infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cervical-mucus-the-biological-marker-of-fertility-and-infertility-recaldknymu5alztz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J J Billings","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9513-4057","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Vincent's HospitalMelbourne"}}],"datePublished":"1981-01-01","abstract":"The ovulation method provides a woman with an awareness of her cervical mucus pattern. This enables her to mark the beginning and end of the fertile phase of the cycle as well as the time of maximum fertility. Not only is the time of ovulation located but also there is recognition of infertility in the absence of ovulation. The key to understanding is the concept of the basic infertile pattern which precedes the commencement of follicular development; the key to successful use is competent teaching. After preliminary considerations on the fertile phase the determination of ovulation and the aspect of periodic abstinence two basic studies comparing clinical and hormonal observations are reviewed showing how accurately the cervical mucus reflects ovarian activity. Understanding the basic infertile pattern and the two sets of rules (the early day rules and peak rule identifying respectively the beginning and end of the fertile period) is basic to the application of the ovulation method. Criteria for the ideal family planning method and the importance of quality teaching are presented. Two problems requiring attention in NFP are restrictive terminology in data collection and a lack of fully developed and positive approach to periodic abstinence.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"26","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Fertility"}}},"pageStart":"182","pageEnd":"195","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/presence-of-beta-endorphin-like-immunoreactivity-in-the-anterior-pituitary-gland-recqztye6awjg2hu9/","name":"Presence of beta-endorphin-like immunoreactivity in the anterior pituitary gland of rat and man and evidence for the differential localization with ACTH","headline":"Presence of beta-endorphin-like immunoreactivity in the anterior pituitary gland of rat and man and evidence for the differential localization with ACTH","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/presence-of-beta-endorphin-like-immunoreactivity-in-the-anterior-pituitary-gland-recqztye6awjg2hu9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"W B Watkins"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S. S. C. YEN","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Y Moore"}],"datePublished":"1981-01-01","abstract":"Two antisera, Y-10 and Y-18 were raised in rabbits against synthetic human beta-endorphin conjugated to bovine serum albumin and keyhole limpet haemocyanin respectively. Antiserum Y-10 has been shown by radioimmunoassay to be highly specific for human beta-endorphin with minimal or no cross-reactivity against other pituitary peptides whilst antiserum Y-18 cross-reacted on an equimolar basis against beta-endorphin and beta-lipotropin. When used in the immunohistochemical procedure, both antisera specifically stained the corticotrophs in human anterior pituitary tissue. A similar effect was observed when antiserum Y-18 was applied to rat anterior pituitary tissue in the immunohistochemical procedure. Y-10 antiserum, on the other hand, stained not only rat corticotrophs but also somatotrophs. The somatotrophin staining could not be attributed to the enkephalins reported to be present in these cells. The non-specific beta-endorphin antiserum Y-18 was used to stain anterior pituitaries from dehydrated and adrenalectomized rats as well as rats of the Brattleboro strain. In tissues from the three experimental animals, cells that stained positively for beta-endorphin did not give a positive immunoreaction for ACTH and vice versa in some other sections. It is concluded that under the physiological conditions, formalin fixation of the tissue causes the pro-opiocortin molecule to be \"trapped\" in a conformation such that either ACTH or beta-endorphin-like determinants are available for reacting with the appropriate antiserum.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"215","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Cell and Tissue Research"}}},"pageStart":"577","pageEnd":"589","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00233533","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72886393"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/BF00233533"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6260366"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72886393"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/correlations-between-the-mucus-symptoms-and-the-hormonal-markers-of-fertility-th-recpugrvpsgvxcpv7/","name":"Correlations Between the Mucus Symptoms and the Hormonal Markers of Fertility Throughout Reproductive Life","headline":"Correlations Between the Mucus Symptoms and the Hormonal Markers of Fertility Throughout Reproductive Life","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/correlations-between-the-mucus-symptoms-and-the-hormonal-markers-of-fertility-th-recpugrvpsgvxcpv7/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"James B. Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7414-6809","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Melbourne","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Harisson P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Matthew A. Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1271-7271","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Southern Regional Area Health Education Centers","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ptehc98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1406-4251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Miranda Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9372-1381","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Pathology, Southern Regional Area Health Education Center, Fayetteville, North Carolina, USA.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0036ate90"}}],"datePublished":"1981-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/congenital-abnormalities-and-hormones-during-pregnancy-a-clinical-review-recel2l0vyfuxdte3/","name":"Congenital abnormalities and hormones during pregnancy: a clinical review","headline":"Congenital abnormalities and hormones during pregnancy: a clinical review","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/congenital-abnormalities-and-hormones-during-pregnancy-a-clinical-review-recel2l0vyfuxdte3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J L Schardein"}],"datePublished":"1980-12-01","abstract":"A review of the extensive literature on the subject indicates that sex hormones have been associated with a wide variety of adverse clinical conditions following usage during pregnancy. About 230 cases of female pseudohermaphroditism have been reported following use of hormones with androgenic potency, but masculinization observed with estrogens in a few females may represent only adrenal-stimulated pseudohermaphroditism. Feminization of males, mostly by progestogens in some 45 cases, is unproven at present. Realizing the limitations of the published studies when all present data are considered, there seems no justification for undue concern over the induction of nongenital congenital malformations through hormone use in pregnancy. The available data on the association to cardiac, limb, and CNS defects, and to several malformative syndromes, are not convincing: the effects appear to be remarkably nonspecific, the studies are contradicted by a large number of negative reports, and an increased incidence of defects with increased usage has not materialized. A possible exception are the CNS malformations associated with the use of the antifertility agent clomiphene, and careful surveillance is warranted at present. While a reasonable interpretation from this review would be that hormones present no major teratogenic hazard, elimination of hormonal exposure whenever possible during pregnancy is suggested.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Teratology"}}},"pageStart":"251","pageEnd":"270","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/tera.1420220302","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28276952"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/tera.1420220302"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7015547"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28276952"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/family-planning---billings-ovulation-method-recmu42bascyffclv/","name":"Family Planning - \"Billings\" ovulation method","headline":"Family Planning - \"Billings\" ovulation method","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/family-planning---billings-ovulation-method-recmu42bascyffclv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Martha Sílvia Bhering","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hospital e Maternidade Vila Maria,  Brasil"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hisako Kajiyama","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"EEUSP,  Brasil"}}],"datePublished":"1980-12-01","abstract":"The authors present \"Billing\" ovulation method as natural family planning.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Revista Da Escola De Enfermagem Da U S P"}}},"pageStart":"257","pageEnd":"263","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1590/0080-6234198001400300257","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88661867"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1590/0080-6234198001400300257"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"28767839"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q88661867"}],"isAccessibleForFree":true}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-treatment-of-pelvic-inflammatory-disease-recgxnovfwuf0viya/","name":"The treatment of pelvic inflammatory disease","headline":"The treatment of pelvic inflammatory disease","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-treatment-of-pelvic-inflammatory-disease-recgxnovfwuf0viya/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E Rees","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1886-008X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Liverpool","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96"}}],"datePublished":"1980-12-01","abstract":"The treatment of pelvic inflammatory disease depends upon the etiology of the condition. Pelvic infection (PI) after parturition and abortion, gynecologic surgery, and a variety of invasive procedures is commonly associated with the isolation of anaerobic and aerobic flora of the vagina. The factors which influence the choice of antimicrobial treatment and the role of Bacteroides fragilis and Escherichia coli are discussed. Sexually transmissible agents of importance are Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis. Pelvic infections associated with these pathogens require antibiotics which exert an optimum effect against them. Examination and treatment of the sexual partner(s) are important. The possible role of the anaerobic and aerobic vaginal flora as opportunistic secondary pathogens is discussed. Developments in the surgical treatment of the sequelae of PID are reviewed. The results of treatment of uncomplicated gonorrhea in 262 women are reported. C. trachomatis was isolated from 53% of women before treatment. After treatment, PI developed in 11 women who had been given penicillin and in one woman who had been given tetracycline (P = 0.0071). It is suggested that recognition and treatment of postgonococcal cervicitis in women treated for uncomplicated gonorrhea with penicillin might provide one form of preventive treatment for nongonococcal PI.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"138","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7 Pt 2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1042","pageEnd":"1047","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(80)91105-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37909707"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(80)91105-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6894059"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q37909707"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovum-retention-in-the-human-recuv3w7tv5wikatw/","name":"Ovum retention in the human","headline":"Ovum retention in the human","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovum-retention-in-the-human-recuv3w7tv5wikatw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"David J. Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3427-0936","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Royal Free Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ge67z96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"I Craft","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Royal Free Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ge67z96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Shelton","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Royal Free Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ge67z96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Dawn Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2056-2196"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J L Yovich","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9583-3683","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Western Australia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047272k79"}}],"datePublished":"1980-12-01","abstract":"Two cases of ovum retention occurring in postovulatory follicles are described. The ova were recovered at laparoscopy by aspiration of decompressed ovulatory follicles, one during a natural cycle and the other following a programmed clomiphene/human chorionic gonadotropin cycle. Each patient had a normal luteal phase with an increased progesterone level indicative of ovulation. The implications of these findings and their relevance to human fertility studies are discussed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"34","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"537","pageEnd":"541","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)45191-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71436219"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)45191-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7450072"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71436219"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/c-reactive-protein-as-a-predictor-of-infectious-morbidity-with-premature-rupture-recti95tftrg3ev9s/","name":"C-reactive protein as a predictor of infectious morbidity with premature rupture of membranes","headline":"C-reactive protein as a predictor of infectious morbidity with premature rupture of membranes","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/c-reactive-protein-as-a-predictor-of-infectious-morbidity-with-premature-rupture-recti95tftrg3ev9s/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"L D Devoe","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1026-8388","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Chicago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N S Angerman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Chicago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M I Evans","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Chicago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S N Hajj","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Chicago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Atef H Moawad","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Chicago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28"}}],"datePublished":"1980-11-15","abstract":"The management of patients with premature rupture of membranes (PROM) poses one of the most serious dilemmas in obstetrics since PROM significantly increases the likelihood of prematurity and serious perinatal infection. Early infection is not reliably predicted nor detected by standard laboratory parameters. Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were assayed along with white blood cell count, differential, and temperature course in patients with PROM and controls. Elevated CRP very accurately divided patients with evidence of infectious morbidity from those without such evidence (p < 0.001). In 109 patients there were 11 false negatives and no false positives. In 14 of 20 patients followed with serial comparisons who developed morbidity, CRP became elevated at least 12 hours prior to any other parameter measured. Changes in the other six patients were concurrent. The results suggest that CRP may be a reliable, early predictor of infectious morbidity and thus may be of benefit in the selective management of patients with PROM.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"138","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"648","pageEnd":"652","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(80)90082-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40858014"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(80)90082-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7435528"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40858014"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteinizing-hormone-receptors-in-ovarian-follicles-of-patients-with-polycystic-o-recx1nngdab7pdlsz/","name":"Luteinizing hormone receptors in ovarian follicles of patients with polycystic ovarian disease","headline":"Luteinizing hormone receptors in ovarian follicles of patients with polycystic ovarian disease","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteinizing-hormone-receptors-in-ovarian-follicles-of-patients-with-polycystic-o-recx1nngdab7pdlsz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hannu Rajaniemi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4455-9861","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oulu","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lars Rönnberg","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oulu","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pekka Ylöstalo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oulu","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Kauppila","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oulu","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Vihko","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oulu","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83"}}],"datePublished":"1980-11-01","abstract":"Wedge resection was performed in 12 patients with polycystic ovarian disease, and cell samples from the cystic follicles were assayed for LH(hCG) receptor using [125I]iodo-hCG as a ligand hormone. Simultaneously to wedge resection, blood samples were taken for serum FSH, LH, 17 beta-estradiol, progesterone, and testosterone RIA measurements. Serum LH was regularly elevated (16.0-57.1 U/liter), whereas FSH (5.2-11.5 U/liter) was within the normal reference range. The LH to FSH ratio was between 2.1-7.8. The 17 beta-estradiol concentrations (0.12-0.23 nmol/liter) were within the normal reference range found during the early follicular phase. Only 3 patients had progesterone levels exceeding the assay sensitivity limit of 0.1 nmol/liter. Ony 3 of the 11 patients assayed for serum testosterone had values exceeding the upper limit of the reference range. Seventy-seven percent of the ovarian follicular samples showed specific binding of [125I]iodo-hCG. The number of receptors in positive samples averaged 0.67 +/- 0.11 fmol/mg homogenate protein, which is clearly lower than that in normal preovulatory follicles. Scatchard analyses revealed a single class of binding sites, with a mean equilibrium association constant of 5.4 X 10(9) M-1 at 37 C. These results suggest that the derangement of follicular development in patients with polycystic ovarian disease probably is not due to the lack of appearance of the LH(hCG) receptor. It is possible that the tonic elevation of serum LH results in a decrease in the number of available receptor sites; this would be one step in the process leading to ovarian changes characteristic of this disease.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"51","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"1054","pageEnd":"1057","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-51-5-1054","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72865594"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jcem-51-5-1054"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6252229"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72865594"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancies-following-chronic-intermittent-pulsatile-administration-of-gn-rh-by--recv18ygul9d9gwiz/","name":"Pregnancies following chronic intermittent (pulsatile) administration of Gn-RH by means of a portable pump (\"Zyklomat\")--a new approach to the treatment of infertility in hypothalamic amenorrhea","headline":"Pregnancies following chronic intermittent (pulsatile) administration of Gn-RH by means of a portable pump (\"Zyklomat\")--a new approach to the treatment of infertility in hypothalamic amenorrhea","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancies-following-chronic-intermittent-pulsatile-administration-of-gn-rh-by--recv18ygul9d9gwiz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"L Wildt","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1933-2593","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitäts Frauenklinik","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02veq1j93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Hansmann","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitäts Frauenklinik","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02veq1j93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Leyendecker","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitäts Frauenklinik","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02veq1j93"}}],"datePublished":"1980-11-01","abstract":"In previous studies it could be demonstrated that in severe hypothalamic amenorrhea, which is associated with absent or deficient hypothalamic secretion of Gn-RH, ovarian function could be restored by chronic intermittent (pulsatile) administration of Gn-RH. In order to apply chronic intermittent administration of Gn-RH as a new mode of treatment of infertility in hypothalamic amenorrhea on an outpatient basis a portable device (\"Zyklomat\") was constructed consisting of a peristaltic pump, a computerized timing device and a Gn-RH containing bag, which delivers 50 microliters of a Gn-RH containing solution once every 90 minutes via an i.v. catheter into the circulation. It is the purpose of this communication to present this new method of treatment and the successful induction of the first two pregnancies with this method in two patients with severe hypothalamic amenorrhea.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"51","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"1214","pageEnd":"1216","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-51-5-1214","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71518455"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jcem-51-5-1214"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6775002"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71518455"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diagnosis-of-the-luteinized-unruptured-follicle-syndrome-by-steroid-hormone-assa-rectjlucx1v3buubk/","name":"Diagnosis of the luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome by steroid hormone  assays on peritoneal fluid","headline":"Diagnosis of the luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome by steroid hormone  assays on peritoneal fluid","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diagnosis-of-the-luteinized-unruptured-follicle-syndrome-by-steroid-hormone-assa-rectjlucx1v3buubk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ivo Brosens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9762-2820"},{"@type":"Person","name":"P De Moor","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1125-9053","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"KU Leuven","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05f950310"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P R Koninckx","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rega Institute for Medical Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03w5j8p12"}}],"datePublished":"1980-11-01","abstract":"The luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome is a frequent phenomenon, occurring in half of our women with regular cycles and infertility. Progesterone concentrations and 17 beta-oestradiol concentrations were assayed in peritoneal fluid of women during the luteal phase. Up to day 20 of the cycle, the concentrations were significantly higher in women with an ovulation stigma than in women without an ovulation stigma on their corpus luteum. The range of concentrations was sufficiently different in the early luteal phase to be used diagnostically, the only limitation being the presence of a cystic corpus luteum. We suggest that the assay of progesterone and 17 beta-oestradiol in peritoneal fluid should be done in all women with infertility and biphasic basal body temperature charts in order to diagnose the luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"87","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"929","pageEnd":"934","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1980.tb04454.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71391836"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1471-0528.1980.tb04454.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7437365"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71391836"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/treatment-of-hirsute-women-with-cimetidine-rech0bnrvvquw1jld/","name":"Treatment of hirsute women with cimetidine","headline":"Treatment of hirsute women with cimetidine","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/treatment-of-hirsute-women-with-cimetidine-rech0bnrvvquw1jld/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R A Vigersky","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3546-3385"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A R Glass"},{"@type":"Person","name":"I Mehlman"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C E Smith"}],"datePublished":"1980-10-30","abstract":"The treatment of hirsute women is controversial and often presents a therapeutic dilemma. Mechanical methods (such as shaving or using depilatories) are safe but often unacceptable to the patient, whereas suppression of adrenal or ovarian function may not be effective and may have undesirable side effects. An alternative approach is the use of a drug that blocks androgen action at the hair follicle. Such blocking should be successful whether the source of the excess androgen is ovarian or adrenal. Because cimetidine has recently been found to have antiandrogenic activity, 1 2 3 we used it to treat severely hirsute women and assessed its . . .","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"303","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"1042","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM198010303031805","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71338533"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJM198010303031805"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7421891"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71338533"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/suppression-of-threatened-premature-labor-by-administration-of-cortisol-and-17-a-rechc18pw24tchdpf/","name":"Suppression of threatened premature labor by administration of cortisol and 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate: a comparison with ritodrine","headline":"Suppression of threatened premature labor by administration of cortisol and 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate: a comparison with ritodrine","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/suppression-of-threatened-premature-labor-by-administration-of-cortisol-and-17-a-rechc18pw24tchdpf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna‐Liisa Hartikainen‐Sorri","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oulu","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna-Liisa Hartikainen-Sorri"},{"@type":"Person","name":"O Jänne"},{"@type":"Person","name":"P A Järvinen"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Kauppila","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oulu","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Tuimala","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oulu","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83"}}],"datePublished":"1980-10-15","abstract":"A shift in progesterone-to-estradiol balance to estradiol dominance is assumed to be a prerequisite for regular uterine contractions. To antagonize this effect in premature labor 24 consecutive women were treated with intravenous cortisol for 3 days and with weekly intramuscular injections of 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17 OHP-C). Twenty-four similar patients treated with ritodrine served as a reference group. The delivery was postponed by at least 1 week in 21 patients (87.5%) in the steroid treatment group and in 18 patients (75%) in the ritodrine group. The premature labor lasted for 5.1 +/- 0.4 hours (mean +/- SEM) with steroid therapy and for 2.2 +/- 0.3 hours with ritodrine. In singleton pregnancies the gestational length and birth weight of the newborn infants were greater in the steroid treatment group (N = 23, 39.1 +/- 0.3 weeks, 3,460 +/- 119 gm) than in the ritodrine group (N = 24, 37.7 +/- 0.4 weeks, 3,106 +/- 118 gm). Steroid treatment suppressed serum estradiol concentrations (maximally by 60%) and, to a lesser extent, testosterone, estriol, and progresterone levels (maximally by 30%).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"138","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"404","pageEnd":"408","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(80)90137-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71347919"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(80)90137-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7424996"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71347919"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-cytogenetic-study-of-1000-spontaneous-abortions-recjau5orgs5hmu9h/","name":"A cytogenetic study of 1000 spontaneous abortions","headline":"A cytogenetic study of 1000 spontaneous abortions","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-cytogenetic-study-of-1000-spontaneous-abortions-recjau5orgs5hmu9h/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"T Hassold","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3428-2053","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Hawaii System","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03tzaeb71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Manuel Bm","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0494-2516","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kapiolani Medical Center for Women and Children","sameAs":"https://ror.org/005k30451"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Wilson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7405-4832","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/008s83205"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Junko Yamane","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Hawaii System","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03tzaeb71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Chen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3064-3151","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Hawaii System","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03tzaeb71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Funkhouser","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Hawaii System","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03tzaeb71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P A Jacobs","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Hawaii System","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03tzaeb71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Jooss","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Hawaii System","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03tzaeb71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Manuel"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Matsuura","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Hawaii System","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03tzaeb71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Matsuyama","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Hawaii System","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03tzaeb71"}}],"datePublished":"1980-10-01","abstract":"Cytogenetic analysis of 1000 spontaneous abortions showed 463 to have an abnormal chromosome constitution. The proportion of chromosome abnormalities varied with the gestational age of the abortus and the type of tissue cultured but was not significantly different among the five racial groups represented in the study population. It was suggested that differences in the rate of chromosome abnormalities among cytogenetic studies of spontaneous abortions were the result of methodological differences in sample selection rather than real biological variation among study populations. The only factor found to be unequivocally associated with the aetiology of chromosome abnormalities in spontaneous abortions was increasing maternal age in trisomies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"44","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Annals of Human Genetics"}}},"pageStart":"151","pageEnd":"178","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-1809.1980.tb00955.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71028931"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1469-1809.1980.tb00955.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7316468"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71028931"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gestational-age-fact-or-fallacy-ha61v3qn/","name":"Gestational age - fact or fallacy?","headline":"Gestational age - fact or fallacy?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gestational-age-fact-or-fallacy-ha61v3qn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Dommisse J"}],"datePublished":"1980-09-13","abstract":"A historical review reveals that Naegele's rule was based on anecdotal evidence. This rule should be reviewed and calculations of true gestational age should be based on the probable date of ovulation and conception.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"58","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde"}}},"pageStart":"449","pageEnd":"50","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40288736","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6996150"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40288736"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nfp-programs-provide-consumer-choice-benefit-hospital-recjsxy8xqxct8gwl/","name":"NFP programs provide consumer choice, benefit hospital","headline":"NFP programs provide consumer choice, benefit hospital","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nfp-programs-provide-consumer-choice-benefit-hospital-recjsxy8xqxct8gwl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Prebil AM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Diane Daly","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4526-9869","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint John's Mercy Medical Center"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1980-09-08","abstract":"Now that principles of NFP have been established specific programs are necessary to disperse information and to teach techniques. The hospital-based NFP program offers the community a needed service and benefits the hospital.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"61","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Hospital Progress"}}},"pageStart":"56","pageEnd":"66","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/malignancies-arising-in-endometriosis-recrmmbm1apupahgn/","name":"Malignancies Arising in Endometriosis","headline":"Malignancies Arising in Endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/malignancies-arising-in-endometriosis-recrmmbm1apupahgn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"DiSilvestro PA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Johanna Herbel","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/001w7jn25"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gold MA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sylvia Mechsner","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1095-0048","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"John Radcliffe Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0080acb59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gould NS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christine Gericke","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Zimmer Biomet (Germany)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016731f38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Julia Bartley","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/001w7jn25"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Christoph Loddenkemper","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8695-8081","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin","sameAs":"https://ror.org/001w7jn25"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"David S. Salomon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0939-4344","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andreas D. Ebert","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4471-131X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"German Endometriosis Center Berlin, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vivantes Humboldt-Klinikum, Berlin - Germany"}}],"datePublished":"1980-09-01","abstract":"Purpose Endometriosis is a benign estrogen-responsive disease which shares some characteristics with malignant tumors such as invasion and unrestrained growth. In this respect, the epidermal growth factor receptor family (EGFR or erbB-1 and erbB-2 to -4) is known to play an important role in tumor biology. The aims of the present study were: 1) to investigate the expression patterns of the four erbB receptors, 2) to ascertain if there was a correlation between the EGFR family expression and the expression of the estrogen receptor α (ERα). Methods Retrospective study: 48 peritoneal and 12 ovarian human endometriotic lesions were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. The confirmation of the immunohistochemical findings was made by Western blot analysis. Using the Mann-Whitney-U test, statistical analysis was performed. Results In peritoneal and ovarian endometriosis, all members of the EGFR family and ERα are detectable in stromal and epithelial cells, but the expression is different within the tissues. Only in ovarian endometriosis was a statistical association observed between EGF receptor and ERα expression (p<0.017). Conclusions The differential expression of the erbB receptors suggest that the erbB family might play an important role in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. A significant association between EGF receptor expression and the ERα expression was only found in ovarian endometriosis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3-4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of endometriosis"}}},"pageStart":"122","pageEnd":"130","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1068-607x(99)00010-4","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s1068-607x(99)00010-4"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adolescent-endometriosis-recq2oyecppfzsevi/","name":"Adolescent endometriosis","headline":"Adolescent endometriosis","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/adolescent-endometriosis-recq2oyecppfzsevi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Donald P. Goldstein","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6686-7385","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Boston Children's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dvg7y05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S J Emans","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4535-7850","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C De Cholnoky","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Goldstein D","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6367-8335"}],"datePublished":"1980-09-01","abstract":"Endometriosis was encountered in 66 of 140 patients (47%) who underwent laparoscopy for chronic pelvic pain at Boston Children's Hospital Medical Center. Pelvic pain associated with this diagnosis was both cyclic and acyclic and typically began 2.9 years after menarche. Other symptoms included irregular menses, gastrointestinal and bladder symptoms, and increased vaginal discharge. The diagnosis of endometriosis had not been made preoperatively in the majority of patients despite repeated pelvic examinations and thorough evaluation of the gastrointestinal and urinary tracts. Psychiatric referral had been recommended for 10 patients. The most constant physical finding preoperatively was tenderness with or without cul-de-sac nodularity. Eleven patients (17%) with biopsy-proved endometriosis has normal pelvic examinations. Fifty-eight percent of patients had early and minimal disease (stage I). In the remaining patients, the disease was more extensive, involving the ovaries, tubes, and/or adjacent pelvic structures (stages II-IV). Although in most instances the implants were typical in appearance, in 13 patients (20%) the disease was not recognizable grossly, but was confirmed morphologically. The regimens utilized as primary treatment were based on the stage of the disease and consisted of either ovulation suppression alone or surgery with or without subsequent ovulation suppression. A satisfactory outcome was achieved in 47 patients (71%). The remaining 19 patients (28%) who did not respond to primary treatment were either operated on or treated symptomatically and are being carefully followed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Adolescent Health Care : Official Publication of the Society for  Adolescent Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"37","pageEnd":"41","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0197-0070(80)80007-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70560607"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0197-0070(80)80007-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6458589"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70560607"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diagnosis-of-luteal-phase-inadequacy-recmhgilrjoe2dgkm/","name":"Diagnosis of luteal phase inadequacy","headline":"Diagnosis of luteal phase inadequacy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/diagnosis-of-luteal-phase-inadequacy-recmhgilrjoe2dgkm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rosenfeld DL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chudow S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bronson RA"}],"datePublished":"1980-08-01","abstract":"Plasma progesterone concentrations drawn at the time of endometrial biopsy in 26 infertility patients with histologically documented luteal phase inadequacy were compared with those of 26 infertility patients with normal biopsies. Although as a group the former patients had lower progesterone values and shorter cycles, there was considerable overlap. Therefore, although plasma progesterone determinations and temperature charts are useful in the detection of ovulation and in the interpretation of the biopsy results, a properly obtained endometrial biopsy is essential for the diagnosis of luteal phase inadequacy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"56","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"193","pageEnd":"196","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ultrasound-scanning-of-ovaries-to-detect-ovulation-in-women-rec2uojsjh7jcscul/","name":"Ultrasound scanning of ovaries to detect ovulation in women","headline":"Ultrasound scanning of ovaries to detect ovulation in women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ultrasound-scanning-of-ovaries-to-detect-ovulation-in-women-rec2uojsjh7jcscul/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Queenan JT"},{"@type":"Person","name":"O'Brien GD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bains LM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Simpson J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Collins WP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Campbell","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2185-9784","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Great Ormond Street Hospital"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joe Leigh Simpson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5309-6881","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"March of Dimes","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04bd5p711"}}],"datePublished":"1980-08-01","abstract":"Healthy volunteers with regular ovarian function, women taking oral contraceptives, and infertile patients being treated with clomiphene were studied longitudinally from day 7 of the cycle to menstruation. The main objective was to determine whether ovulation or failure to ovulate could be detected accurately by the use of ultrasound. The ovaries were scanned with a Kretz Combison 100 sector scanner every 1 to 3 days for morphologic changes consistent with follicle development, ovulation, and development of the corpus luteum. The morphologic changes were correlated with daily urinary hormone profiles. The estimated times of ovulation according to ultrasound and luteinizing hormone peak overlapped by 24 hours in 19 of 23 normal cycles and in 5 of 6 cycles of patients treated with clomiphene. Both techniques indicated that three of three women taking oral contraceptives did not ovulate. The ultrasound studies indicated a wide range in the diameter of the preovulatory follicle, which precludes follicular diameter as a single index for prediction of ovulation. However, by measuring the maximal diameter of the follicle and observing the morphologic changes within the ovary from follicle to corpus luteum, it was possible to detect ovulation in more than 80% of cycles studied. This technique was found to be quick, inexpensive, and efficient.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"34","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"99","pageEnd":"105","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-luteal-phase-defect-the-relative-frequency-of-and-encouraging-response-to-tr-rec41x9srfehlxqdr/","name":"The luteal phase defect: the relative frequency of, and encouraging response to, treatment with vaginal progesterone","headline":"The luteal phase defect: the relative frequency of, and encouraging response to, treatment with vaginal progesterone","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-luteal-phase-defect-the-relative-frequency-of-and-encouraging-response-to-tr-rec41x9srfehlxqdr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A A Luciano","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7659-471X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UConn Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02kzs4y22"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D H Riddick","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UConn Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02kzs4y22"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S M Rosenberg","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UConn Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02kzs4y22"}}],"datePublished":"1980-07-01","abstract":"Three hundred and ninety-six patients were evaluated for primary and secondary infertility between December 1976 and May 1979 at a large referral center. Timed late luteal endometrial biopsies were routinely obtained as part of the work-up and were repeated for confirmation if subsequent menses did not occur within 2 days of the expected date. If both biopsies were abnormal, a diagnosis of luteal phase defect (LPD) was made and patients were treated with vaginal progesterone suppositories for a minimum of 6 months. LPD was discovered in 32 of 396 patients (8.1%); among those patients whose infertility was not complicated by other abnormalities, 9 of 13 conceived (70%) and 7 of 13 carried to term (54%). These data suggest an incidence higher than generally recognized and a very encouraging response to replacement therapy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"34","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"17","pageEnd":"20","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)44831-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71265771"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)44831-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7398902"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71265771"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/simulation-of-the-normal-menstrual-cycle-in-kallmans-syndrome-by-pulsatile-admin-recihtsvccdoxtsa5/","name":"Simulation of the normal menstrual cycle in Kallman's syndrome by pulsatile administration of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH)","headline":"Simulation of the normal menstrual cycle in Kallman's syndrome by pulsatile administration of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/simulation-of-the-normal-menstrual-cycle-in-kallmans-syndrome-by-pulsatile-admin-recihtsvccdoxtsa5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Crowley WF Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"WILLIAM F. CROWLEY","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2878-0881"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J W McArthur","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}}],"datePublished":"1980-07-01","abstract":"The administration of small doses of LHRH at 2-hourly intervals over a 27 day period to a 24-year old patient with Kallman's syndrome resulted in ovulation as indicated by: (1) a biphasic temperature response, (2) anatomical changes in the ovaries demonstrated by ultrasound, and (3) the pattern of circulating gonadotropin and gonadal steroid concentrations.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"51","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"173","pageEnd":"175","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-51-1-173","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72853366"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jcem-51-1-173"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6247361"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72853366"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-oral-contraceptives-on-composition-and-volume-of-breast-milk-ruefs770/","name":"Effect of oral contraceptives on composition and volume of breast milk","headline":"Effect of oral contraceptives on composition and volume of breast milk","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-oral-contraceptives-on-composition-and-volume-of-breast-milk-ruefs770/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lönnerdal B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Forsum E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hambraeus L"}],"datePublished":"1980-04-01","abstract":"Nitrogen and protein composition was determined in milk from women using oral contraceptives during lactation. Total nitrogen and nonprotein nitrogen as well as lactose and the individual milk proteins lactoferrin, alpha-lactalbumin, and serum albumin were analyzed before introduction of oral contraceptives and thereafter throughout the lactation period. Twenty-four hour milk volumes were registered by weighing the infant before and after each feeding. The four oral contraceptives used consisted of different combinations of d-norgestrel, megestrolacetate, and ethinylestradiol. Significant changes were observed between groups and controls for all parameters studied. However, the changes observed were generally within the physiological variation of normal breast milk. It is suggested that the use of oral contraceptives during lactation should be limited.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"33","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The American journal of clinical nutrition"}}},"pageStart":"816","pageEnd":"24","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/33.4.816","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71151788"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1093/ajcn/33.4.816"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7361700"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71151788"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/control-of-the-rhesus-monkey-menstrual-cycle-permissive-role-of-hypothalamic-gon-recilpr6wdnfqhdja/","name":"Control of the rhesus monkey menstrual cycle: permissive role of hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone","headline":"Control of the rhesus monkey menstrual cycle: permissive role of hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/control-of-the-rhesus-monkey-menstrual-cycle-permissive-role-of-hypothalamic-gon-recilpr6wdnfqhdja/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"L Wildt","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1933-2593","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitäts Frauenklinik","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02veq1j93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P E Belchetz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pittsburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Knobil","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0481e1q24"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Marshall","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6106-2787","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Physiology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T M Plant","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5141-6335","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pittsburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"}}],"datePublished":"1980-03-21","abstract":"In rhesus monkeys with hypothalamic lesions (which appear to abolish the endogenous production of gonadotropin-releasing hormone), normal ovulatory mestrual cycles were reestablished by an unvarying, long-term replacement regimen consisting of one intravenous pulse of synthetic gonadotropic-releasing hormone per hour. This finding is in accord with the hypothesis that the pattern of pituitary gonadotropin secretion throughout the menstrual cycle (basal secretion interrupted, once every 28 days on the average, by a preovulatory surge) is not directed by alterations in hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion but by the ebb and flow of ovarian estrogens acting directly on the pituitary gland.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"207","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4437","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Science (New York, N.Y.)"}}},"pageStart":"1371","pageEnd":"1373","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1126/science.6766566","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41599159"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1126/science.6766566"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6766566"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41599159"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/two-methods-of-natural-family-planning-recu4z4hw2yikzk3s/","name":"Two methods of natural family planning","headline":"Two methods of natural family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/two-methods-of-natural-family-planning-recu4z4hw2yikzk3s/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J J Billings","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9513-4057","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Vincent's HospitalMelbourne"}}],"datePublished":"1980-03-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"136","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"697","pageEnd":"698","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(80)91034-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q93862226"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(80)91034-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7355954"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q93862226"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gap-junction-formation-in-myometrium-control-by-estrogens-progesterone-and-prost-recgddm7h2situ1hb/","name":"Gap junction formation in myometrium: control by estrogens, progesterone, and prostaglandins","headline":"Gap junction formation in myometrium: control by estrogens, progesterone, and prostaglandins","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gap-junction-formation-in-myometrium-control-by-estrogens-progesterone-and-prost-recgddm7h2situ1hb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R E Garfield","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4938-3781","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mathur Kannan","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3624-4050","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E E Daniel","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"McMaster University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29"}}],"datePublished":"1980-03-01","abstract":"Myometrial tissues from pregnant and nonpregnant mature and immature rats were examined for the presence of gap junctions by thin section and freeze-fracture microscopy before and after incubation in vitro. Gap junctions were not present in any tissues fixed in situ or shortly after removal from animals. The junctions were present in tissues incubated for 2 h in vitro, and the number and size of the junctions increased with increasing incubation times up to 48 h. Tissues from immature rats incubated in vitro formed gap junctions in much reduced numbers as compared to tissues from pregnant or nonpregnant mature animals. Injection of immature animals with estrogen with or without progesterone, but not with progesterone alone, increased the number of gap junctions found in tissues when incubated in vitro. In vitro treatment of tissues from immature animals with estrogen also stimulated the formation of gap junctions. Progesterone treatment in vitro had no effect on gap junction formation in any myometrial tissues. However, progesterone added in vitro in the presence of estrogen decreased the number of gap junctions as compared to the numbers formed with addition of estrogen alone in treated tissues from immature or pregnant animals. The addition of indomethacin 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoicacid and arachidonic acid partially inhibited the formation of gap junctions in tissues from pregnant animals incubated in vitro. A stable endoperoxide of PGH2 and arachidonic acid, but not PGE1, PGE2, PGF(2α), or thromboxane β2, overcame the inhibition of gap junction formation produced by indomethacin. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that steroid hormones and prostaglandin interact to modulate gap junction formation in the myometrium.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"238","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The American Journal of Physiology"}}},"pageStart":"C81-C89","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1980.238.3.C81","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36664044"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1152/ajpcell.1980.238.3.C81"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7369350"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36664044"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sperm-storage-in-the-human-cervix-a-quantitative-study-reccscpfec5uyzdri/","name":"Sperm storage in the human cervix: a quantitative study","headline":"Sperm storage in the human cervix: a quantitative study","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sperm-storage-in-the-human-cervix-a-quantitative-study-reccscpfec5uyzdri/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M Glezerman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9175-2253","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tel Aviv University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mhzgx49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Bernstein","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9119-5354","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tel Aviv University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mhzgx49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"V Insler","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaplan Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t0n9020"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Misgav","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tel Aviv University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mhzgx49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Zeidel","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tel Aviv University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mhzgx49"}}],"datePublished":"1980-03-01","abstract":"Twenty-five women scheduled for hysterectomy for nonmalignant disease participated in the study. Sperm storage in endocervical crypts was examined in three groups of patients: nine women pretreated with estrogen and inseminated with normal semen, nine women pretreated with gestagen and inseminated with normal semen, and seven women pretreated with estrogen and inseminated with abnormal semen. The number of crypts containing spermatozoa (colonized crypts) and the sperm density per crypt were examined in serially sectioned cervices. In estrogen-pretreated cervices both the percentage of colonized crypts and the sperm density were significantly higher than in gestagen-pretreated cervices. Large and giant crypts proved to be the main storage facility for spermatozoa. The localization of crypts along the endocervical canal did not influence sperm storage. The quality of semen appeared to be of critical importance to sperm storage. The percentage of colonized crypts and sperm density were severly reduced in patients inseminated with abnormal semen.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"33","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"288","pageEnd":"293","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)44596-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71158269"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)44596-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7364062"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71158269"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-ii-basal-body-temperature-and-estimated-time-of-ovulatio-recxgvt48lrxzdenc/","name":"Natural family planning. II. Basal body temperature and estimated time of  ovulation","headline":"Natural family planning. II. Basal body temperature and estimated time of  ovulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-ii-basal-body-temperature-and-estimated-time-of-ovulatio-recxgvt48lrxzdenc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute for Human Reproduction","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Bailey","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Creighton University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05wf30g94"}}],"datePublished":"1980-03-01","abstract":"Four points on the basal body temperatures (BBT) curve have been correlated with the estimated time of ovulation (ETO), as determined by indirect hormonal parameters, in 74 menstrual cycles from 24 subjects. Only 10 of 66 hormonally","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"55","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"333","pageEnd":"339","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/00006250-198003000-00013","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71148050"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/00006250-198003000-00013"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7360431"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71148050"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/two-methods-of-natural-family-planning-recwj4oflgp7hqouc/","name":"Two methods of natural family planning","headline":"Two methods of natural family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/two-methods-of-natural-family-planning-recwj4oflgp7hqouc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute for Human Reproduction","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1980-03-01","abstract":"I read with interest the recent article by Wade and associates, \"A randomized prospective study of the use-effectiveness of 2 methods of natural family planning: an interim report\" (134: 628, 1979). In reference to the study of the ovulation method, the authors noted that abstinence begins on the 1st day of mucus secretion and continues until the evening of the 4th day beyond the peak or maximal mucus secretion. In the ovulation method, the peak symptom is not the same as maximal mucus secretion as was indicated in the paper. The peak symptom is defined as the last day of the mucus discharge that is clear and/or stretchy and/or lubricative. In the definition of peak symptom, the amount of mucus discharge is not specifically important and may often be misleading. I had the opportunity to do a site visit at this study at the request of the National Institutes of Health while the study was in progress. I analyzed several pregnancies which occurred in users of this ovulation method. Some of the pregnancies occurred as the result of poor teaching of the concept of peak symptom. In the ovulation method, proper understanding and teaching of that concept are essential to the measurement of its effectiveness. Noticeably missing from this interim report was any discussion of the quality control procedures which were utilized to guarantee a high-quality educational service to the people entered into the study. While the authors claim that the methods were taught by professional teachers, these teachers were actually women who had previously used the method and/or had formalized training in teaching the method. Simple use of either of the methods certainly does not qualify an individual to teach natural family planning. For those with formalized teaching, such training should have been outlined since judgment on the effectiveness of the teaching cannot be made; such a judgment is essential to the proper analysis of results. Finally, while the study claims to be a use-effectiveness study, it is rather a modified version of extended use-effectiveness. No objective definition of \"user failure\" is provided. One cannot ascertain how many pregnancies were related to poor teaching, nor can one tell how many occurred as the result of the couples' last minute exercise of their freedom to use their fertility. The use-effectiveness of the 2 methods under study as a means to achieve a pregnancy have been ignored. In doing so, the investigators have ignored use-effectiveness reality.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"136","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"696","pageEnd":"697","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(80)91032-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71136111"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(80)91032-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7355953"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71136111"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/origin-of-peritoneal-fluid-in-women-an-ovarian-exudation-product-reckzen3yabih5mpc/","name":"Origin of peritoneal fluid in women: an ovarian exudation product","headline":"Origin of peritoneal fluid in women: an ovarian exudation product","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/origin-of-peritoneal-fluid-in-women-an-ovarian-exudation-product-reckzen3yabih5mpc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ivo Brosens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9762-2820"},{"@type":"Person","name":"P R Koninckx","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rega Institute for Medical Research","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03w5j8p12"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Renaer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"KU Leuven","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05f950310"}}],"datePublished":"1980-03-01","abstract":"The volume of peritoneal fluid was measured after laparoscopic aspiration in 303 women. Contamination with blood was estimated at 4.2 per cent by haemoglobin assay. In 120 women with regular menstrual cycles, the volume of peritoneal fluid increased progressively during the follicular phase, was highest during the early luteal phase (20.0 +/- 6.3 ml) and declined thereafter. In 89 women with moderate and mild endometriosis the amounts of peritoneal fluid were similar, but 9 women with severe endometriosis had lower (P less than 0.05) volumes during the luteal phase. Women with inactive ovaries had uniformly low amounts of peritoneal fluid: 4.2 +/- 2.3 ml in 31 women taking combined oral contraceptive pills; 4.7 +/- 5.8 ml in 17 women taking 5 mg of lynoestrenol daily and 1.2 +/- 1.9 ml in 20 postmenopausal women with an inactive endometrium. In contrast, two postmenopausal women with proliferative endometrium had 7 and 10 ml of peritoneal fluid. Women with active ovaries, 5 with absent or distally occluded Fallopian tubes and 7 without a uterus had normal amounts of peritoneal fluid. The volume of peritoneal fluid was not affected by pelvic varicose veins, a visible corpus luteum or an ovulation stigma. Peritoneal fluid appears to be predominantly an ovarian exudate, neither an exudate from the pelvic peritoneum nor a tubal secretion.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"87","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"177","pageEnd":"183","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1980.tb04514.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71233191"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1471-0528.1980.tb04514.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7387917"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71233191"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometrial-biopsy-in-the-evaluation-of-infertility-recgho5y6qfrvutjs/","name":"Endometrial biopsy in the evaluation of infertility","headline":"Endometrial biopsy in the evaluation of infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endometrial-biopsy-in-the-evaluation-of-infertility-recgho5y6qfrvutjs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A C Wentz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74"}}],"datePublished":"1980-02-01","abstract":"One hundred and forty-nine patients presenting with infertility underwent two hundred and ten endometrial biopsies as part of a routine infertility evaluation. The initial biopsy was out of phase in 44 (29.5%), confirmed by subsequent biopsy to yield a total of 28 (19%) patients with luteal phase inadequacy. Of 44 patients taking clomiphene citrate, 13 (29.5%) had out-of-phase biopsies. Although hyperprolactinemia, recurrent miscarriages, extremes of reproductive life, and clomiphene citrate administration have been associated with an increased incidence of the defect, in this series a predisposing cause could not be detected in approximately one-half of the patients. The routinely obtained endometrial biopsy provides a safe, reproducible, and adequate means of providing histologic evidence for normal endometrial development for subsequent implantation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"33","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"121","pageEnd":"124","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)44530-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71132697"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)44530-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7353687"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71132697"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/strokes-and-contraceptive-medication-rec437fjubahhfkfr/","name":"Strokes and contraceptive medication","headline":"Strokes and contraceptive medication","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/strokes-and-contraceptive-medication-rec437fjubahhfkfr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jennifer Currie","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St. Vincent's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00msb1w96"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J J Billings","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9513-4057","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Vincent's HospitalMelbourne"}}],"datePublished":"1980-01-26","abstract":"3 cases of stroke in young women of childbearing age are presented to show the severity of illness and mortality in women using oral contraceptives. All 3 patients smoked more than 15 cigarettes a day. The mortality rate from cerebrovascular disease in OC users has been estimated as 4.7 times that of nonusers. The risk of developing a thrombotic stroke is 9.5 times greater than a control group's. Cerebral infarction has a relatively low mortality rate in young women, 9%, but a nonfatal stroke can have a devastating effect on the patient and her family. While there were no deaths among the 3 cases, each was left with a varying degree of neurological deficit while still in the peak of a normal life span. The possibility of synergistic potentiation of OC-associated cerebral thrombosis by cigarette use is uncertain but studies have noted some correlation between the 2. It is not clear that reduction in estrogen dosage has reduced the risk of cardiac or cerebral disease. The first patient developed extreme symptoms after a heavy drinking session, thereby raising the question of alcohol as a precipitating factor.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical Journal of Australia"}}},"pageStart":"58","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1980.tb134624.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71147101"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.5694/j.1326-5377.1980.tb134624.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7360087"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71147101"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevention-of-postoperative-tubal-adhesions-comparative-study-of-commonly-used-a-recowx9achos1kmmq/","name":"Prevention of postoperative tubal adhesions. Comparative study of commonly used agents","headline":"Prevention of postoperative tubal adhesions. Comparative study of commonly used agents","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevention-of-postoperative-tubal-adhesions-comparative-study-of-commonly-used-a-recowx9achos1kmmq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"G S DiZerega","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4150-581X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G D Hodgen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eastern Virginia Medical School","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056hr4255"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G D Hodger"}],"datePublished":"1980-01-15","abstract":"Tubal abrasions were surgically induced in 25 rhesus monkeys following demonstration of tubal patency. Five monkeys received dexamethasone, promethazine, and ampicillin perioperatively, five received intraperitoneal 10% dextran 40, five received intraperitoneal 32% dextran 70, and 10 received no additional therapy. Fimbrial biopsies were obtained from two additional monkeys treated with 32% dextran 70 before and postoperatively on days 2, 5, and 7. Only those treated with 32% dextran 70 retained tubal patency and avoided development of adhesions, involving fimbria, omentum, ovary, uterus, and bladder. Histologic examination of fimbrial biopsies demonstrated sufficient epithelial repair to have occurred during the 5 days 32% dextran 70 remained in the pelvin cavity to prevent adhesion formation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"136","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"173","pageEnd":"178","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(80)90591-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71493023"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(80)90591-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6766273"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71493023"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-and-human-chorionic-gonadotrophin-in-serum-and-pregnandiol-in-urine-recnhdgf0qegl82q6/","name":"Progesterone and human chorionic gonadotrophin in serum and pregnandiol in urine in threatened abortion","headline":"Progesterone and human chorionic gonadotrophin in serum and pregnandiol in urine in threatened abortion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-and-human-chorionic-gonadotrophin-in-serum-and-pregnandiol-in-urine-recnhdgf0qegl82q6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jens Hertz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Gentofte Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/051dzw862"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Arends","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Herlev Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wys9y90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J F Larsen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Statens Serum Institut","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0417ye583"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Nielsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4585-4192","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Statens Serum Institut","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0417ye583"}}],"datePublished":"1980-01-01","abstract":"Progesterone and human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) in serum and pregnandiol in urine were measured in 64 patients admitted to hospital because of threatened abortion. Blood samples were taken and urine specimens collected at regular intervals during admission and after discharge during the rest of the pregnancy. A reference range was worked out for each hormone based on the hormone values obtained from the pregnancies proceeding to term. The predictive significance of values within and below the reference range was determined, for the initial sample and for serial samples. An association between hormone levels and outcome of pregnancy was observed but it is concluded that both single and serial determinations of progesterone and pregnandiol and serial determinations of HCG are unsatisfactory for the evaluation of threatened abortion. However, an initial progesterones value below the reference range and HCG values below 10,000 mIU/ml between the 8th and 15th week of pregnancy was in every case always followed by spontaneous abortion. A hormonal test of fetoplacental origin is recommended for monitoring threatened abortion.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"59","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica"}}},"pageStart":"23","pageEnd":"27","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3109/00016348009160080","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71228688"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3109/00016348009160080"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"7386186"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71228688"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hemodialysis-patients-with-a-unique-mineralizing-defect-unresponsive-to-125-dihy-rechxyfvn0skfycb3/","name":"Hemodialysis patients with a unique mineralizing defect unresponsive to  1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol. Dialysis osteomalacic syndrome","headline":"Hemodialysis patients with a unique mineralizing defect unresponsive to  1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol. Dialysis osteomalacic syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hemodialysis-patients-with-a-unique-mineralizing-defect-unresponsive-to-125-dihy-rechxyfvn0skfycb3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E C Cameron","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2449-8213","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qk94m81"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H S Ballon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5123-3287","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qk94m81"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}}],"datePublished":"1980-01-01","abstract":"5 patients are described who developed severe osteomalacia with spontaneous fractures after 2-4 years on dialysis. Phosphate control, vitamin D2 therapy and parathyroidectomy were ineffective. These individuals showed a hypercalcemic tendency but little histologic or radiographic evidence of osteitis fibrosa. After parathyroidectomy, the hypercalcemic tendency remained and bone biopsy revealed gross osteomalacia. A 6to 12-month therapeutic trial with 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25[OH]2D3) in 3 did not arrest skeletal deterioration. 4 subsequently developed dialysis encephalopathy. These patients appear to have a unique mineralizing defect unresponsive to 1,25(OH)2D3. This \"dialysis osteomalacic syndrome\" may result from toxic substances associated with uremia or the hemodialysis regimen.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contributions to Nephrology"}},"pageStart":"162","pageEnd":"171","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1159/000403284","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72125519"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1159/000403284"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6986229"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72125519"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/localization-and-quantitation-of-beta-endorphin-in-human-brain-and-pituitary-rec1sb1asguq034cj/","name":"Localization and quantitation of beta-endorphin in human brain and pituitary","headline":"Localization and quantitation of beta-endorphin in human brain and pituitary","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/localization-and-quantitation-of-beta-endorphin-in-human-brain-and-pituitary-rec1sb1asguq034cj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M M Wilkes","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W B Watkins"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R D Stewart"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S. S. C. YEN","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48"}}],"datePublished":"1980-01-01","abstract":"The concentration of human beta-endorphin (beta h-EP)) was measured in various hypothalamic nuclei, in extrahypothalamic brain regions and in the anterior and posterior lobes of the pituitary using a specific radioimmunoassay (RIA) The beta h-EP concentrations in the arcuate nucleus (169 +/- 35 pg/100 micrograms protein, n = 7) and median eminence (163 +/- 32 pg/100 micrograms protein, n = 6) were among the highest in the 17 brain areas examined. The immunoreactive beta h-EP in the hypothalamus corresponded to authentic beta h-EP, as determined by gel exclusion chromatography. By chromatography and RIA the beta h-EP concentrations in anterior (1.53 X 10(5) +/- 0.51 X 10(5) pg/100 micrograms protein, n = 3) and posterior (1.41 X 10(5) +/- 0.38 X 10(5) g/100 micrograms protein, n - 5) pituitary were found to be approximately 1,000-fold higher than in hypothalamus. Within the pituitary beta h-EP was localized throughout the anterior lobe, in the pars intermedia and in that part of the posterior lobe nearest the pars intermedia, as judged by immunocytochemistry. Dense immunocytochemical staining was found along the perimeter of many blood vessels. Beta h-EP and adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) were co-localized in the same pituitary cells. The present data represent the first unequivocal localization and quantitation of beta h-EP in human brain and in the separate lobes of the human pituitary.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"30","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Neuroendocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"113","pageEnd":"121","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1159/000122985","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72126272"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1159/000122985"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"6986578"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72126272"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-occurrence-of-ovulation-at-the-midcycle-reccikytnezipvnpg/","name":"The Occurrence of Ovulation at the Midcycle","headline":"The Occurrence of Ovulation at the Midcycle","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-occurrence-of-ovulation-at-the-midcycle-reccikytnezipvnpg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Prebil AM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hilgers SK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Diane Daly","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4526-9869","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Saint John's Mercy Medical Center"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1980-01-01","abstract":"It is commonplace for gynecologists to refer to \"midcycle\" ovulation of women. This concept has often led to the routine diagnosis of ovulatory status on day 14 of what is expected to be a 28-day menstrual cycle. For example, the postcoital test in an infertile patient, or intercourse to achieve pregnancy in a normally fertile patient, is often timed around day 14 under the assumption that ovulation is occurring then. Advocates of natural family planning (NFP) have criticized the concept of \"midcycle\" ovulation, because their clinical experience suggests that the natural irregularity of menstrual-cycle length militates against ovulation's occurring with any great frequency on day 14.\nThis report analyzes the relationship of day 14 and the actual midcycle of the menstrual cycle to each other and to indirect hormonal parameters that more directly estimate the time of ovulation.","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dynorphin-1-13-an-extraordinarily-potent-opioid-peptide-recwsm3s9vijb68q0/","name":"Dynorphin-(1-13), an extraordinarily potent opioid peptide","headline":"Dynorphin-(1-13), an extraordinarily potent opioid peptide","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/dynorphin-1-13-an-extraordinarily-potent-opioid-peptide-recwsm3s9vijb68q0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrew Goldstein","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5207-5061","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f54p054"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael W. Hunkapiller","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7217-9933"},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Hood","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9350-8406","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Arizona"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L I Lowney","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f54p054"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Tachibana","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f54p054"}}],"datePublished":"1979-12-01","abstract":"We describe the opioid properties of a tridecapeptide, the sequence of which corresponds to the NH2-terminal sequence of dynorphin, a novel porcine pituitary endorphin. It contains [Leu]enkephalin. In the guinea pig ileum longitudinal muscle preparation it is about 700 times more potent than [Leu]enkephalin. Its effects in this tissue are blocked completely by naloxone, but the apparent affinity of naloxone is 1/13th that for blockade of [Leu]enkephalin or normorphine. In the mouse vas deferens, this peptide is 3 times more potent than [Leu]enkephalin. Well-washed rat brain membranes degrade the peptide rapidly, suggesting the presence of a membrane-bound degradative enzyme. The peptide displays considerable immunoreactivity in assays with antisera that have been used for the immunohistochemical localization of [Leu]enkephalin. The remarkable enhancement of the potency of [Leu]enkephalin by the COOH-terminal extension -Arg-Arg-Ile-Arg-Pro-Lys-Leu-Lys-OH suggests new interpretations concerning the structure of opiate receptors and the function of the enkephalin pentapeptides.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"76","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"}}},"pageStart":"6666","pageEnd":"6670","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.76.12.6666","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24561638"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1073/pnas.76.12.6666"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"230519"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q24561638"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormone-production-during-pregnancy-in-the-primigravid-patient-i-plasma-levels-o-recjielznbxgcmgyb/","name":"Hormone production during pregnancy in the primigravid patient. I. Plasma levels of progesterone and 5-alpha-pregnane-3,20-dione throughout pregnancy of normal women and women who developed pregnancy-induced hypertension","headline":"Hormone production during pregnancy in the primigravid patient. I. Plasma levels of progesterone and 5-alpha-pregnane-3,20-dione throughout pregnancy of normal women and women who developed pregnancy-induced hypertension","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormone-production-during-pregnancy-in-the-primigravid-patient-i-plasma-levels-o-recjielznbxgcmgyb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Parker CR Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Quirk JG Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Whalley PJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R B Everett","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05byvp690"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N F Gant","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05byvp690"}}],"datePublished":"1979-11-15","abstract":"The plasma concentrations of progesterone and 5-alpha-pregnane-3,20-dione (5-alpha-dihydroprogesterone) were measured from as early as 12 weeks through 41 weeks of gestation in primigravid women. Two groups of primigravid women were assessed, those with uncomplicated pregnancies and those who developed pregnancy-induced hypertension. Plasma levels of progesterone and 5-alpha-dihydroprogesterone rose progressively throughout gestation in both groups of women. The ratio of the level of progesterone to that of 5-alpha-dihydroprogesterone in individual plasma samples of women with uncomplicated pregnancies was 7.0 from 12 to 15 weeks' gestation while at 35 to 41 weeks' gestation the ratio had declined to 4.6. Similar results were obtained in plasma samples of women who ultimately developed pregnancy-induced hypertension. Since no differences in plasma levels of progesterone or 5-alpha-dihydroprogesterone were detected between primigravid women with uncomplicated pregnancies and those who developed pregnancy-induced hypertension, we conclude that neither progesterone nor 5-alpha-dihydroprogesterone concentrations in plasma are of value in identifying women at risk of developing pregnancy-induced hypertension.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"135","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"778","pageEnd":"782","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteal-phase-defects-reco1uxvws6jtsn3t/","name":"Luteal phase defects","headline":"Luteal phase defects","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteal-phase-defects-reco1uxvws6jtsn3t/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Edward E. Wallach"},{"@type":"Person","name":"McBride WG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"William C. Andrews","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Eastern Virginia Medical School","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056hr4255"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Moyes JM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Grant","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1025-4069"}],"datePublished":"1979-11-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"501","pageEnd":"509","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)44348-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39812341"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)44348-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"387452"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39812341"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ultrastructure-of-human-cervical-mucus-observed-by-cryo-scanning-electron-micros-recsoqcwoubd0lhrl/","name":"Ultrastructure of human cervical mucus observed by cryo-scanning electron microscopy","headline":"Ultrastructure of human cervical mucus observed by cryo-scanning electron microscopy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ultrastructure-of-human-cervical-mucus-observed-by-cryo-scanning-electron-micros-recsoqcwoubd0lhrl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"I Maekawa","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chiba University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01hjzeq58"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Takamizawa","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chiba University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01hjzeq58"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Takano","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chiba University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01hjzeq58"}}],"datePublished":"1979-11-01","abstract":"In this report, the ultrastructure of eM was studied by cryo-scanning electron microscopy (cryo-scan), which enabled us to observe the sample while it still contained water. … It was then placed in a specially made chamber which was part of the cryo-scanning electron microscope model JSM-50A (JEOL, Tokyo). The eM was examined after etching and coating with gold. A human cervical mucus specimen as observed by cryo-scan. The 3-dimensional netlike structure was characteristic (original magnification x 10,000).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"604","pageEnd":"607","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)44368-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41636652"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)44368-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"499592"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41636652"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sexual-abstinence-patterns-in-rural-western-nigeria-evidence-from-a-survey-of-yo-rec2y1pddwkvbugtc/","name":"Sexual abstinence patterns in rural Western Nigeria: evidence from a survey of  Yoruba women","headline":"Sexual abstinence patterns in rural Western Nigeria: evidence from a survey of  Yoruba women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sexual-abstinence-patterns-in-rural-western-nigeria-evidence-from-a-survey-of-yo-rec2y1pddwkvbugtc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"I.O. Orubuloye"}],"datePublished":"1979-11-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"13A","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Social Science & Medicine. Medical Psychology & Medical Sociology"}}},"pageStart":"667","pageEnd":"672","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0271-7123(79)90111-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46303558"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0271-7123(79)90111-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"538480"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46303558"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/intelligence-and-prenatal-progesterone-recz1ehz7uafghkui/","name":"Intelligence and prenatal progesterone","headline":"Intelligence and prenatal progesterone","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/intelligence-and-prenatal-progesterone-recz1ehz7uafghkui/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Heino F L Meyer-Bahlburg","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians & Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, New York 10032"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Heino F. L. Meyer‐Bahlburg","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6271-391X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Columbia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172"}}],"datePublished":"1979-11-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"72","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"878","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1177/014107687907201119","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67007443"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/014107687907201119"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"552453"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q67007443"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/experience-with-125-dihydroxycholecalciferol-therapy-in-undergoing-hemodialysis--reccnr44mxcem0u94/","name":"Experience with 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol therapy in undergoing hemodialysis  patients with progressive vitamin D2-treated osteodystrophy","headline":"Experience with 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol therapy in undergoing hemodialysis  patients with progressive vitamin D2-treated osteodystrophy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/experience-with-125-dihydroxycholecalciferol-therapy-in-undergoing-hemodialysis--reccnr44mxcem0u94/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E C Cameron","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2449-8213","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qk94m81"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H S Ballon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5123-3287","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qk94m81"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D S Lirenman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6453-7454","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qk94m81"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J D Price","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7873-1968","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Clinic","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qk94m81"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M V Moriarty","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7217-8305"}],"datePublished":"1979-10-01","abstract":"Six long-term hemodialysis patients with progressive skeletal deterioration during long-term pharmacologic vitamin D2 therapy were treated for six to 12 months with oral 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25-(OH)2D3) to determine its therapeutic effectiveness in vitamin D2-unresponsive osteodystrophy. On bone biopsy, three of the patients had severe osteomalacia and three showed predominant osteitis fibrosa. Previous therapies, including phosphate binders and dialysis schedules, were maintained. The three patients with osteomalacia and the two with osteitis fibrosa showed clinical deterioration. There was no significant change in serum calcium, phosphate, alkaline phosphatase, bone densitometry, immunoreactive parathyroid hormone levels or bone histology. Roentgenograms showed multiple new fractures of ribs and femoral necks in the patients with osteomalacia and increased bone resorption in two of three patients with osteitis fibrosa. 1,25-(OH)2D3 dosage had to be decreased in all patients because of hypercalcemia with a mean tolerated dose of 0.22 microgram/day. In these patients, 1,25-(OH)2D3 was not effective therapy for progressive osteodystrophy unresponsive to pharmacologic vitamin D2.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"67","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The American Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"583","pageEnd":"589","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9343(79)90238-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41114613"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9343(79)90238-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"386792"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41114613"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/high-risk-prematurity--progestin-treatment-and-steroid-studies-recquglpg8kf1so2i/","name":"High-risk prematurity--progestin treatment and steroid studies","headline":"High-risk prematurity--progestin treatment and steroid studies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/high-risk-prematurity--progestin-treatment-and-steroid-studies-recquglpg8kf1so2i/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lee PA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Zachary AS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Migeon CJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Calhoun S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7005-7326","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pittsburgh"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paul Lee","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3870-6799"},{"@type":"Person","name":"John Johnson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05cb1k848"}}],"datePublished":"1979-10-01","abstract":"Studies have been undertaken regarding the efficacy and modus operandi of 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17 alpha-OHP-C) in preventing premature labor in high-risk patients. In a total of 70 patients, the treated patient population had a prematurity rate (12.8%) and a perinatal mortality rate (5%) which were significantly lower than those of the total placebo or untreated patient group (40.9 and 25%, respectively). In addition, sequential plasma steroid values were determined in 21 patients, 10 of whom delivered prematurely. The results indicate that low plasma progesterone (P) and 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone (17 alpha-OHP) levels precede the onset of preterm labor by weeks. Successful treatment with 17 alpha-OHP-C was characterized by elevated P levels. Plasma estradiol (E2) and cortisol (C) values did not vary with time of delivery or treatment. These findings support the progesterone block theory as an important mechanism affecting preterm delivery in this high-risk population.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"54","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"412","pageEnd":"418","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/premenstrual-syndrome-a-double-blind-controlled-trial-of-progesterone-and-placeb-recu73ewp11okdgbn/","name":"Premenstrual syndrome: a double-blind controlled trial of progesterone and placebo","headline":"Premenstrual syndrome: a double-blind controlled trial of progesterone and placebo","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/premenstrual-syndrome-a-double-blind-controlled-trial-of-progesterone-and-placeb-recu73ewp11okdgbn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"G A Sampson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Sheffield","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05krs5044"}}],"datePublished":"1979-09-01","abstract":"Patients with premenstrual syndrome recorded their symptoms daily using menstrual distress questionnaires. These were analysed by a least mean square method of fitting sine waves. After recording an untreated cycle, patients were given progesterone 200 mg b.d. and placebo in a double-blind crossover manner; 75 per cent of patients were then given progesterone 400 mg b.d. and placebo in a similar manner. Treated cycles were rated by both daily menstrual distress questionnaires and retrospective self-assessment. Both rating methods showed there was no significant difference between progesterone and placebo in reducing symptoms of premenstrual syndrome, and in the majority of cases placebo was more effective, although never significantly so.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"135","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The British Journal of Psychiatry : the Journal of Mental Science"}}},"pageStart":"209","pageEnd":"215","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.135.3.209","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41104907"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1192/bjp.135.3.209"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"385093"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41104907"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/early-studies-on-the-rheology-of-cervical-mucus-recmucs9mg3cpk35d/","name":"Early studies on the rheology of cervical mucus","headline":"Early studies on the rheology of cervical mucus","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/early-studies-on-the-rheology-of-cervical-mucus-recmucs9mg3cpk35d/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Arthur Clift"}],"datePublished":"1979-08-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"134","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"829","pageEnd":"832","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(79)90956-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41719144"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(79)90956-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"463985"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41719144"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/statistical-methods-in-evaluating-the-outcome-of-infertility-therapy-rechajycsfjjlrouj/","name":"Statistical methods in evaluating the outcome of infertility therapy","headline":"Statistical methods in evaluating the outcome of infertility therapy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/statistical-methods-in-evaluating-the-outcome-of-infertility-therapy-rechajycsfjjlrouj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Walker AM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Schiff I"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Daniel W Cramer","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8024-3066","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}}],"datePublished":"1979-07-01","abstract":"Lack of standardization in analytic methods for assigning infertility data is attributed to inadequate classification of fertility problems, and a lack of consistent methodology in evaluating outcome of infertility therapy. A classification scheme ideally should consider types of fertility problems as well as clinical assessment of its severity. Until an adequate classification system is developed, researchers are encouraged to describe fully the nature of infertility problem examined, and present results for homogenous groups of patients. The life-table method of analysis is a useful technique for assessing infertility statistics. The starting point of this method should depend on the group examined and may be either the date of 1st visit to the clinic or the date that therapy is instituted. Approximate date of conception should be the endpoint. A mathematical model of infertility predicated on the assumption that there is a constant monthly probability of conception of fecundability can be used to derive equations with potential for clinical application.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"32","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"80","pageEnd":"86","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/unsuspected-subclinical-pregnancies-in-patients-with-luteal-phase-defects-recb84ubr4fvwftdz/","name":"Unsuspected subclinical pregnancies in patients with luteal phase defects","headline":"Unsuspected subclinical pregnancies in patients with luteal phase defects","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/unsuspected-subclinical-pregnancies-in-patients-with-luteal-phase-defects-recb84ubr4fvwftdz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"D L Cline","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Indianapolis Zoo","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01k9v9b21"}}],"datePublished":"1979-06-15","abstract":"Patients with different types of luteal phase defects were studied with the use of the radioimmunoassay for the beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) to determine if unsuspected subclinical pregnancies were more common in a particular type of defect. A type I luteal phase defect is always characterized by a chronologic lag in endometrial development when repeatedly studied with timed endometrial biopsies. A type II luteal phase defect is always characterized by an in phase endometrium when repeatedly studied by timed endometrial biopsies but always has less than a 14 day luteal span. All blood samples were drawn at least 7 days after ovulation/conception. In 22 cycles in which patients had a type I luteal phase defect, no subclinical pregnancies were detected. In 18 cycles in which a type II luteal phase defect was present, 12 instances of unsuspected subclinical pregnancy were detected and all ended in spontaneous abortion. This study shows that unsuspected subclinical pregnancies ending in abortion do occur and are quite commonly associated with the type II luteal phase defect.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"134","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"438","pageEnd":"444","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9378(16)33086-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41661628"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0002-9378(16)33086-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"453280"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41661628"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/low-urinary-estrogen-glucuronides-in-women-at-risk-for-familial-breast-cancer-recohoysdar4irfbr/","name":"Low urinary estrogen glucuronides in women at risk for familial breast cancer","headline":"Low urinary estrogen glucuronides in women at risk for familial breast cancer","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/low-urinary-estrogen-glucuronides-in-women-at-risk-for-familial-breast-cancer-recohoysdar4irfbr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"John F. O’Connor","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Montefiore Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/044ntvm43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Fishman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rockefeller University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0420db125"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D K Fukushima","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Montefiore Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/044ntvm43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Henry T Lynch","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Creighton University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05wf30g94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J O'Connor","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2532-1767","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute for Steroid Research, Montefiore Hospital and Medical Center, Bronx, New York 10467"}}],"datePublished":"1979-06-08","abstract":"Daily (12-hour) urine collections taken throughout the menstrual cycle were obtained from 30 young women who by genetic analysis were at risk for familial breast cancer, and from 30 control women carefully matched for age, height, and reproductive history. Steroids in the urine were extracted by glucuronidase hydrolysis, and the primary glucocorticoid, androgen, and estrogen hormones and their metabolites were measured by radioimmunoassay. Highly significant differences were observed only in the case of estrone and estradiol, with the high-risk subjects exhibiting lower values that the controls. This endocrine abnormality in young women at risk for breast cancer may be a potential discriminant for identifying women at risk for the disease in the population at large.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"204","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4397","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Science (New York, N.Y.)"}}},"pageStart":"1089","pageEnd":"1091","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1126/science.451553","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41652798"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1126/science.451553"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"451553"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41652798"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gestational-outcome-of-clomiphene-related-conceptions-recdwclxjufed0b77/","name":"Gestational outcome of clomiphene-related conceptions","headline":"Gestational outcome of clomiphene-related conceptions","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/gestational-outcome-of-clomiphene-related-conceptions-recdwclxjufed0b77/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E Y Adashi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7730-1192","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04rq5mt64"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J A Rock","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9970-8417","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G S Jones","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E J Martin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K C Sapp","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A C Wentz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74"}}],"datePublished":"1979-06-01","abstract":"The experience of the gynecologic endocrinology and infertility clinic at The Johns Hopkins Hospital has been subjected to a nonconcurrent prospective analysis in an attempt to evaluate the gestational fate of clomiphene-related conceptions (study series, n = 86). This latter series was contrasted with a series of pregnancies following bilateral ovarian wedge resection (BOWR) (n = 51) in a comparative analysis of gestational outcome event rates. Post-therapy follow-up was available for varying time spans of up to 15 years. A 12.8% twinning rate constituted the single most important complication of clomiphene therapy, resulting in measurable increments in perinatal morbidity and mortality rates. The observation of a 26.5% spontaneous abortion rate would seem to suggest that clomiphene-related conceptions are at little or more risk for spontaneous abortion than would have been expected from the infertile population under discussion. A 3.1% incidence of post-clomiphene birth defects was not increased as compared with commonly quoted rates for the population at large. The corresponding incidence rates of twinning, spontaneous abortion, and birth defects for the BOWR series were 0%, 21.6%, and 0%, respectively.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"31","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"620","pageEnd":"626","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)44051-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41623460"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)44051-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"446786"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41623460"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mechanism-of-immunosuppression-of-progesterone-on-maternal-lymphocyte-activation-rec8evbsmyh1xbrwp/","name":"Mechanism of immunosuppression of progesterone on maternal lymphocyte activation during pregnancy","headline":"Mechanism of immunosuppression of progesterone on maternal lymphocyte activation during pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mechanism-of-immunosuppression-of-progesterone-on-maternal-lymphocyte-activation-rec8evbsmyh1xbrwp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Clemens LE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Siiteri PK"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stites DP"}],"datePublished":"1979-05-01","abstract":"Lymphocyte reactivity was measured in human mixed lymphocyte (MLC) and mitogen-stimulated cultures in the presence of various steroids. When present during the entire culture period at concentrations between 1 and 20 µg/ml progesterone, estradiol, and testosterone blocked 3H-thymidine (3H-TdR) incorporation. Estriol and 16 α-hydroxy progesterone were without suppressive effects. The kinetics of steroid mediated suppression of thymidine incorporation and DNA synthesis was investigated at various times during lymphocyte activation. When progesterone was present only at the beginning of culture, subsequent DNA content, but not thymidine incorporation was suppressed. However, if added late during the activation process, progesterone reduced thymidine incorporation independent of cellular DNA content. If present during the entire culture period both were suppressed. Cortisol, but not progesterone irreversibly inhibited lymphocyte thymidine incorporation if added during the first 12 hr of culture. A reversible blockade of lymphocyte thymidine uptake could be observed with progesterone even during the final hours of mitogen or MLC cultures. Thus, effects of steroid hormones on cellular DNA synthesis and thymidine incorporation appear to be independent processes. Cell fractionation experiments demonstrated that progesterone blocked the uptake of 3H-TdR into the lymphocyte nucleoside pool thereby reducing its availability for incorporation into DNA. This study is consistent with the hypothesis that lymphocyte proliferation at the maternal fetal-interface during pregnancy may be under specific regulation by progesterone. The relatively high local concentrations of the hormone produced by trophoblast are immunosuppressive whereas the substantially lower peripheral steroid levels are entirely inadequate to suppress systemic immunity. We suggest that at least one important role of progesterone in maintaining pregnancy is its regulation of cellular immunity in the maternal-fetal bed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"122","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)"}}},"pageStart":"1978","pageEnd":"1985","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/regular-menstrual-cycles-and-premenstrual-molimina-as-indicators-of-ovulation-reclhc1p38rb84cav/","name":"Regular menstrual cycles and premenstrual molimina as indicators of ovulation","headline":"Regular menstrual cycles and premenstrual molimina as indicators of ovulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/regular-menstrual-cycles-and-premenstrual-molimina-as-indicators-of-ovulation-reclhc1p38rb84cav/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Magyar DM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Boyers SP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G E Abraham"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J R Marshall","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8921-3253","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UCLA Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vq5kb54"}}],"datePublished":"1979-04-01","abstract":"This study was designed to test the assumption that women with regular menstrual cycles and premenstrual symptoms are ovulatory. 40 women aged 20-40 years were selected as probably ovulatory on the basis of their recent histories of regular menstrual cycles consistently accompanied by premenstrual molimina. Each subject recorded menses and (BBT) basal body temperature for 1-3 consecutive menstrual cycles during which luteal phase serum (P) progesterone concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassay. All subjects were rated ovulatory or anovulatory by each of several espoused P criteria which confirmed 39/40 subjects (98%) to be ovulatory by a 3 ng/ml criterion; 38/40 subjects (95%) by a 5 ng/ml criterion; and 36/40 (90%) by a 15 ng/ml criterion. Thus P measurements confirmed the clinical impression of ovulation in 90-98% of subjects depending on which P criterion was selected. BBT correlated well with P measurements in that 61/66 cycles (92%) displayed a biphasic BBT pattern 2/66 cycles (3%) displayed a monophasic BBT pattern and 3/66 cycles (5%) were uninterpretable. Only 1 subject was not ovulatory in either of 2 consecutive cycles by even the most liberal P criterion and both cycles were abnormally long and would have been suspected of being anovulatory on clinical grounds. We conclude that patients presenting with a history of regular menstrual cycles accompanied by premenstrual molimina are identifiable as ovulatory without the necessity of measuring luteal phase serum P concentrations. (Authors modified)","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"53","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"411","pageEnd":"414","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-recjwno8myot8s2if/","name":"Natural family planning","headline":"Natural family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-recjwno8myot8s2if/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Claude A. Lanctot","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"African Federation for Emergency Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0489p2588"}}],"datePublished":"1979-04-01","abstract":"NFP (natural family planning) has replaced the term of rhythm method in the last decade as a designation for those methods of fertility regulation based on periodic abstinence. A graph presents the symptoms observable during the menstrual cycle and the ways in which these symptoms coincide with the fertile and infertile periods within the cycle. NFP counseling aims at teaching couples how to recognize the beginning and end of the fertile period within the menstrual cycle. Each of the following types of NFP are discussed and explained in detail: 1) calendar or calculation method; 2) temperature method; 3) symptothermal methods; and 4) cervical mucus methods. All of these involve detection of the time of ovulation combined with abstinence during the fertile period of the cycle. The symptoms to recognize are taught with each method. Findings from 5 retrospective and 12 prospective studies on the effectiveness of NFP are tabulated. Current research and suggested areas for future research in the field of NFP are mentioned. In the last 20 years, NFP has been popularized through more popular-oriented educational programs. Governments have taken over funding of some NFP programs. Now that NFP effectiveness has been well established, motivation and counseling will be the most important elements in NFP education in the future.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinics in Obstetrics and Gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"109","pageEnd":"127","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/counseling-clients-in-natural-methods-of-family-planning-recxa0bprdsshonz0/","name":"Counseling clients in natural methods of family planning","headline":"Counseling clients in natural methods of family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/counseling-clients-in-natural-methods-of-family-planning-recxa0bprdsshonz0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Curry MT"}],"datePublished":"1979-02-01","abstract":"This article describes the theory, methodology, and effectiveness of three natural methods of family planning: rhythm by calendar, strict basal body temperature rhythm, and combination calendar-BBT rhythm. The author also appeals to family planning counselors to provide appropriate support and thorough teaching of the rhythmn method to those couples who choose to practice it and emphasizes that family planning counselors have the responsibility to present this method in a positive way when presenting alternatives to clients. For rhythm might be the method of choice for the woman whose cycles are on the longer, more regular side and for whom the abstinence during the fertile period would present no hardship to the couple's normal pattern of sexual relations. Contraceptive devices could be used as a supplementary measure during the fertile period. The necessity for the cooperation of both partners is, however, essential to the workability of the natural methods of family planning. High motivation, high knowledge of human reproductive physiology, and use of BBT all contribute to raising the effectiveness of the natural methods of family planning.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Maryland Nurse"},"pageStart":"26","pageEnd":"29","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/maternal-progestins-as-a-possible-cause-of-hypospadias-recwb2g0fldavrsen/","name":"Maternal progestins as a possible cause of hypospadias","headline":"Maternal progestins as a possible cause of hypospadias","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/maternal-progestins-as-a-possible-cause-of-hypospadias-recwb2g0fldavrsen/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"D Aarskog","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Bergen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03zga2b32"}}],"datePublished":"1979-01-11","abstract":"HYPOSPADIAS is a common anomaly of the urogenital system. The prevalence rate reported by various birth-defect monitoring programs shows a rather wide variation, ranging from about five per 10,000 to about 30 per 10,000 births. During recent years increasing incidence has been reported from England and Wales1 and Norway.2 In the United States the Center for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia, has noted an annual increase in the reported incidence of 3 per cent per year from 1970 to 1975. Though relatively small, this increase was nevertheless statistically highly significant (P<0.0001).3 More frequent recognition and reporting of the condition may explain . . .","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"300","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"75","pageEnd":"78","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM197901113000206","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39780938"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJM197901113000206"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"364307"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39780938"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/plasma-progesterone-serum-estriol-and-plasma-hpl-determinations-during-the-last--recc9sudrkyqs5sve/","name":"Plasma progesterone, serum estriol and plasma HPL determinations during the last trimester to detect changes before spontaneous labor. Comparison of progesterone assay using RIA and CPB","headline":"Plasma progesterone, serum estriol and plasma HPL determinations during the last trimester to detect changes before spontaneous labor. Comparison of progesterone assay using RIA and CPB","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/plasma-progesterone-serum-estriol-and-plasma-hpl-determinations-during-the-last--recc9sudrkyqs5sve/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"P E Lebech","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Frederiksberg Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00d264c35"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Ottesen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Frederiksberg Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00d264c35"}}],"datePublished":"1979-01-01","abstract":"Conflicting results have been published regarding changes in plasma progesterone during the last trimester of pregnancy. Some have demonstrated a fall in plasma progesterone before labor, and this has been taken as a possible explanation of the onset of labor. It has been suggested that the various results could be due to differences in methods for progesterone determination. In this study the progesterone levels were determined by both RIA and CPB. In 11 women the plasma progesterone, human placenta lactogen, and serum estriol were measured weekly during the last trimester of normal pregnancies and immediately after delivery. All samples were analysed radioimmunologically. In order to compare the radioimmunoassay and competitive protein binding techniques (RIA and CPB), the progesterone levels were determined by both methods. This was also done for 80 successive plasma progesterone routine samples drawn from women who were not pregnant or who were in the early stages of pregnancy. Both methods showed a significant rise in the plasma progesterone level during the last 6 weeks before spontaneous labor. However, the values obtained were lower when assayed by CPB than by RIA, presumably because of a higher specificity and a cross reaction in RIA. Serum estriol exhibited increasing values throughout pregnancy, but without a significant rise during the last few weeks. Plasma HPL settled at a constant level during the last few weeks before labor.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"58","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica"}}},"pageStart":"423","pageEnd":"427","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3109/00016347909154060","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66988923"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3109/00016347909154060"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"532562"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q66988923"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cervical-mucus-and-prediction-of-the-time-of-ovulation-reccmhpjtppwilrrp/","name":"Cervical mucus and prediction of the time of ovulation","headline":"Cervical mucus and prediction of the time of ovulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cervical-mucus-and-prediction-of-the-time-of-ovulation-reccmhpjtppwilrrp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"H Mitani","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0167-3816","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tokushima University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/044vy1d05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Higuchi","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5610-9513","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tokushima University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/044vy1d05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Hashimoto","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tokushima University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/044vy1d05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Morishita","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tokushima University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/044vy1d05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Ozasa","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tokushima University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/044vy1d05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Tanaka","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tokushima University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/044vy1d05"}}],"datePublished":"1979-01-01","abstract":"12 normal ovulatory women were studied during 17 menstrual cycles. The first day on which the women had increasing quantities of 0.1 ml or more clear cervical mucus (IQCCM) was closely related to the time of ovulation as monitored by basal body temperature and radioimmunoassay of serum-luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, estradiol, and progesterone. The results show that the time of ovulation can be predicted clinically without specialized tests by observing the day of onset of IQCCM.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation"}}},"pageStart":"157","pageEnd":"162","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1159/000299936","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q53817055"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1159/000299936"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"527887"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q53817055"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-ovulation-method--vulvar-observations-as-an-index-of-fertilityinfertility-recqsmotbin8vjajg/","name":"The ovulation method--vulvar observations as an index of fertility/infertility","headline":"The ovulation method--vulvar observations as an index of fertility/infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-ovulation-method--vulvar-observations-as-an-index-of-fertilityinfertility-recqsmotbin8vjajg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Prebil AM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1979-01-01","abstract":"St. Louis University Natural Family Planning Center. St. Louis. Missouri and Creighton University Natural Family Planning Education and Research Center, Omaha. Nebraska","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"53","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"12","pageEnd":"22","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/serum-progesterone-and-estradiol-in-pregnant-women-selected-for-progestagen-trea-recqitnsqrcy6dlgd/","name":"Serum progesterone and estradiol in pregnant women selected for progestagen treatment","headline":"Serum progesterone and estradiol in pregnant women selected for progestagen treatment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/serum-progesterone-and-estradiol-in-pregnant-women-selected-for-progestagen-trea-recqitnsqrcy6dlgd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Dubin NH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Moszkowski EF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kavoussi KM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ward MM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ances IG"}],"datePublished":"1979-01-01","abstract":"Patients with two or more previous spontaneous second trimester abortions and vaginal cytology indicating a poor progestational response in current pregnancies were selected for treatment with Provera (medroxyprogesterone acetate) and/or Delalutin (17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate). Serum was examined serially for progesterone (P) and estradiol (E) by radioimmunoassay. Serum from 174 untreated patients with no known complications ranging from 6--40 weeks gestation provided normal distribution data. Of 14 progestagen-treated patients, four aborted during the second trimester. These all had chronically low (greater than 50% of observations were less than 1 standard deviation of the normal population) or falling P/E ratios. The rest delivered normal full-term infants although five of the 10 had chronically low P, seven had chronically low P/E ratios, and in one other P/E was falling. Chronically high E contributed to the low P/E ratio in three cases. Thus, these selected cases with poor obstetrical histories demonstrated steroid patterns outside the +/- 1 standard deviation range, although the steroid levels were still within the normal range. Serum progesterone and estradiol analysis may eventually be useful in identifying patients who will best respond to progestagen treatment.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Fertility"}}},"pageStart":"86","pageEnd":"93","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/role-of-dextran-70-in-microtubal-surgery-recxsxyuyl6euacab/","name":"Role of dextran 70 in microtubal surgery","headline":"Role of dextran 70 in microtubal surgery","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/role-of-dextran-70-in-microtubal-surgery-recxsxyuyl6euacab/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Wulf H. Utian","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"North American Menopause Society","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ypd6q38"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J. Goldfarb","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University School","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05ap66461"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gregory Starks"}],"datePublished":"1979-01-01","abstract":"Pelvic adhesion formation represents a major problem following fallopian tube surgery for infertility. Intraperitoneal dextran may prevent pelvic adhesions. Extensive personal clinical experience (W. H. U.) with intraperitoneal dextran organ-flotation on completion of tubal and ovarian surgery has appeared to limit adhesions. A specific study was designed to test the validity of this theory. Four randomized groups of rabbits were subjected to bilateral tubocornual division and microsurgical reanastomosis with total hemostasis and pelvic lavage. Routine peritoneal closure was performed on one group, but followed instillation of 30 to 50 ml of normal saline into the peritoneal cavities of the second group, and 30 to 50 ml of 6% dextran 70 into those of the third. Study of fourth group, which received 32% dextran 70 in the peritoneal cavity, was discontinued because of complications. A second laparotomy was performed 4 weeks later for precise assessment and photography of adhesion formation. Each animal was mated 4 weeks after the second operation in order to determine fertility rates. Reduced adhesion formation and increased fertility rates following the instillation of dextran are reported. A role for dextran 70 in infertility surgery is recommended.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"31","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"79","pageEnd":"82","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)43765-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41446792"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)43765-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"421920"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41446792"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prenatal-progesterone-i-its-effect-on-development-and-on-intellectual-and-academ-recjqohokmzp6gyav/","name":"Prenatal progesterone. I. Its effect on development and on intellectual and academic achievement","headline":"Prenatal progesterone. I. Its effect on development and on intellectual and academic achievement","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prenatal-progesterone-i-its-effect-on-development-and-on-intellectual-and-academ-recjqohokmzp6gyav/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Tony Lynch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2116-451X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Keele University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00340yn33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stephen Hutt","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7041-7472","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Keele University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00340yn33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Anne M Lynch","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6508-8136","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Colorado Denver","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02hh7en24"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W Mychalkiw","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Keele University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00340yn33"}}],"datePublished":"1978-12-01","abstract":"The development of two groups of children whose mothers had been given progesterone supplements during pregnancy to relieve symptoms of toxaemia was assessed, one group at 2 yr of age and the other at 16 yr of age. There was no evidence that progesterone supplements accelerated development in the 2-yr-old age group or enhanced intellectual and academic attainment in the 16-yr-old age group. In addition, the evidence regarding the reported beneficial effects on intellectual attainment of in utero exposure to excess sex steroids is discussed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Early Human Development"}}},"pageStart":"305","pageEnd":"322","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-3782(78)90059-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67448433"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0378-3782(78)90059-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"750191"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q67448433"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/secretion-patterns-of-plasma-progesterone-17-hydroxyprogesterone-and-20alpha-hyd-recaswg0wex3zxrsx/","name":"Secretion patterns of plasma-progesterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, and 20alpha hydroxypregn-4-en-3-one in early abnormal pregnancy","headline":"Secretion patterns of plasma-progesterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, and 20alpha hydroxypregn-4-en-3-one in early abnormal pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/secretion-patterns-of-plasma-progesterone-17-hydroxyprogesterone-and-20alpha-hyd-recaswg0wex3zxrsx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R F Harrison","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9323-8637","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rotunda Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05t4vgv93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mark W. Johnson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9720-8761","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03af1tj71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Brodovcky","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03af1tj71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Dewhurst","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03af1tj71"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Johnson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6871-3985"},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Youssefnejadian","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03af1tj71"}}],"datePublished":"1978-12-01","abstract":"Plasma progesterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, 20alpha hydroxypregn-4-en-3-one levels were determined twice weekly up to 16 weeks gestation, where possible, in a twin pregnancy, in two patients who aborted spontaneously and in three patients who were treated with 'progesterone supplements' because of abnormal vaginal cytology. There was no correlation between vaginal smears and the plasms hormone levels and there was no evidence to suggest that progesterone supplements influenced clinical outcome. Compared with normal mean values the only difference was a significantly rise in progesterone and 20alpha hydroxypregn-4-en-3-one levels in the twin pregnancy after the 12th week and a precipitate fall in all hormone levels just prior to abortion. Plasma hormone levels could not be used to predict outcome.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"85","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"927","pageEnd":"932","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1978.tb15855.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67435491"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1471-0528.1978.tb15855.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"737159"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q67435491"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-recxejjaualdi1oex/","name":"Natural family planning","headline":"Natural family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-recxejjaualdi1oex/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J J Billings","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9513-4057","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Vincent's HospitalMelbourne"}}],"datePublished":"1978-12-01","abstract":"Pip: The only way to be sure of avoiding pregnancy is for a couple to abstain from sexual intimacy during the fertile phase of the woman's cycle. Billings showed by reference to hormonal parameters that after competent instruction in the ovulation method women can identify the fertile phase of their cycle. If abstinence during the fertile phase is replaced by coitus combined with barrier methods, the pregnancy rate will be higher. The hormonal monitoring has revealed that the Peak Symptom as defined in the ovulation method is the most accurate biological marker of the time of ovulation. The cervical mucus pattern reflects the estrogen levels during follicular ripening from its commencement, and the Peak Symptom reflects a sharp cut-off effected by the elevation of the progesterone level at the time of ovulation. This means that once the mucus begins to be observed as a warning of the approach of ovulation, the woman needs to follow the changing characteristics on a daily basis in order to be certain that she recognizes ovulation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Papua and New Guinea Medical Journal"}}},"pageStart":"286","pageEnd":"287","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hypophysial-responses-to-continuous-and-intermittent-delivery-of-hypopthalamic-g-recphd4khztxy42tm/","name":"Hypophysial responses to continuous and intermittent delivery of hypopthalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone","headline":"Hypophysial responses to continuous and intermittent delivery of hypopthalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hypophysial-responses-to-continuous-and-intermittent-delivery-of-hypopthalamic-g-recphd4khztxy42tm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Y Nakai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9533-3154","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pittsburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E J Keogh","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Physiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P E Belchetz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pittsburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Knobil","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0481e1q24"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T M Plant","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5141-6335","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pittsburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"}}],"datePublished":"1978-11-10","abstract":"In rhesus monkeys with hypothalamic lesions that abolish gonadotropic hormone release by the pituitary gland, the constant infusion of exogenous gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) fails to restore sustained gonadotropin secretion. In marked contrast, intermittent administration of the synthetic decapeptide once per hour, the physiological frequency of gonadotropin release in the monkeys, reestablishes pituitary gonadotropin secretion. This phenomenon is attributable to the pattern of GnRH delivery rather than to the amounts of this hormone to which the cells of the pituitary are exposed. Moreover, the initiation of continuous GnRH administration in animals with lesions and in which gonadotropin secretion is reestablished by intermittent GnRH replacement can result in a \"desensitization\" or \"down regulation\" of the processes responsible for gonadotropin release.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"202","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4368","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Science (New York, N.Y.)"}}},"pageStart":"631","pageEnd":"633","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1126/science.100883","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39625743"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1126/science.100883"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"100883"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39625743"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/morphine-and-beta-endorphin-influence-the-secretion-of-the-endocrine-pancreas-rec3as6ca3aifwgne/","name":"Morphine and beta-endorphin influence the secretion of the endocrine pancreas","headline":"Morphine and beta-endorphin influence the secretion of the endocrine pancreas","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/morphine-and-beta-endorphin-influence-the-secretion-of-the-endocrine-pancreas-rec3as6ca3aifwgne/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E Ipp","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1588-0146","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05byvp690"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Dobbs","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05byvp690"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R H Unger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05byvp690"}}],"datePublished":"1978-11-09","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"276","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5684","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nature"}}},"pageStart":"190","pageEnd":"191","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1038/276190a0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40205677"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/276190a0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"216921"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40205677"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-i-the-peak-symptom-and-estimated-time-of-ovulation-recscsj6dq9yvkk68/","name":"Natural family planning. I. The peak symptom and estimated time of ovulation","headline":"Natural family planning. I. The peak symptom and estimated time of ovulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-i-the-peak-symptom-and-estimated-time-of-ovulation-recscsj6dq9yvkk68/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Cavanagh D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G E Abraham"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1978-11-01","abstract":"The observation of the \"Peak\" mucus symptom in women using the ovulation method of natural family planning has been correlated with the estimated time of ovulation, as evaluated by indirect hormonal parameters. In 65 cycles of the 73 studied in 24 patients, there was hormonal confirmation of ovulation; in eight cycles, anovulation or luteal dysfunction was suspected. In the 65 normal cycles, 64 exhibited a Peak symptom. In those cycles, ovulation was estimated to occur from 3 days before to 3 days after the Peak symptom with a mean of 0.31 days before the Peak symptom. In 95.4% of these cycles, ovulation was estimated to occur from 2 days before to 2 days after the Peak symptom. The variation between cycles of the same patient ranged from 0 to 4 days with a mean of 1.8 days. The beginning of the mucus symptom preceded the estimated time of ovulation by an average of 5.9 days.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"52","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"575","pageEnd":"582","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-recjiollaslozqbmw/","name":"Natural family planning","headline":"Natural family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-recjiollaslozqbmw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J J Billings","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9513-4057","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Vincent's HospitalMelbourne"}}],"datePublished":"1978-10-21","abstract":"The only way to be sure of avoiding pregnancy is for a couple to abstain from sexual intimacy during the fertile phase of the woman's cycle. Billings showed by reference to hormonal parameters that after competent instruction in the ovulation method women can identify the fertile phase of their cycle. If abstinence during the fertile phase is replaced by coitus combined with barrier methods, the pregnancy rate will be higher. The hormonal monitoring has revealed that the Peak Symptom as defined in the ovulation method is the most accurate biological marker of the time of ovulation. The cervical mucus pattern reflects the estrogen levels during follicular ripening from its commencement, and the Peak Symptom reflects a sharp cut-off effected by the elevation of the progesterone level at the time of ovulation. This means that once the mucus begins to be observed as a warning of the approach of ovulation, the woman needs to follow the changing characteristics on a daily basis in order to be certain that she recognizes ovulation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Medical Journal of Australia"}}},"pageStart":"436","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1978.tb76840.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67430985"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.5694/j.1326-5377.1978.tb76840.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"732740"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q67430985"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-methods-of-family-planning-recvgzx5h9fedlxf2/","name":"'Natural' methods of family planning","headline":"'Natural' methods of family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-methods-of-family-planning-recvgzx5h9fedlxf2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jones M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2657-8102","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Florida State University"}}],"datePublished":"1978-10-01","abstract":"There are currently signs that more women are considering the natural family planning methods as an alternative to medical contraception. In response to this revival of interest, the World Health Organization is now conducting field work on 'natural' family planning methods in New Zealand, the Philippines, India, California, and Columbia and is also preparing a teaching package to be pilot tested in several countries. The natural methods of family planning are all based on the woman correctly ascertaining the pattern of her natural menstrual cycle and abstaining from sexual intercourse during the fertile time. In most women this means that there are 2 \"safe periods\" - at the beginning of the 28-day cycle until a few days before ovulation and at the end of the cycle from 3 or 4 days after ovulation has occurred. Originally, the \"safe period\" was taught by the calendar method, which involved a woman carefully plotting her menstrual cycle over a period of six months to a year and making calculations as to the shortest possible and longest possible cycle length, and thus the likely time of ovulation. A more accurate measure is to actually find out the point of ovulation by measuring basal body temperature. With this method the woman must take her temperature every morning immediately upon waking, before rising, smoking, eating or drinking. The Billings' ovulation method is the method now becoming increasingly popular. The method involves noticing the natural changes in the body over the whole menstrual cycle, particularly the quantity and quality of the cervical mucous. 1 new aid for pinpointing the exact time of ovulation is the Ovutime Fertility Detection System developed at Harvard University Medical School and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. In the long-term, the rhythm method is unlikely to prove the answer to the problem of fertility regulation for the modern woman.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Contraception"}}},"pageStart":"55","pageEnd":"58","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/quality-of-cervical-mucus-and-huhners-test-recdaotkf4n8ypfdo/","name":"Quality of cervical mucus and Huhner's test","headline":"Quality of cervical mucus and Huhner's test","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/quality-of-cervical-mucus-and-huhners-test-recdaotkf4n8ypfdo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J J Billings","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9513-4057","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Vincent's HospitalMelbourne"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lorraine Bennett"}],"datePublished":"1978-08-26","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6137","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British Medical Journal"}}},"pageStart":"640","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.2.6137.640","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67027265"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj.2.6137.640"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"581269"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q67027265"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-the-urinary-bladder-in-obstetrical-sonography-recbboek9rvghs4qy/","name":"The effect of the urinary bladder in obstetrical sonography","headline":"The effect of the urinary bladder in obstetrical sonography","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-the-urinary-bladder-in-obstetrical-sonography-recbboek9rvghs4qy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S Zemlyn","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Valley Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01vjngb81"}}],"datePublished":"1978-07-01","abstract":"Observations of random obstetrical cases out of a large-volume practice are presented to demonstrate the often overlooked effects of filling the urinary bladder for obstetrical sonography. The effects, predominantly evident in the second trimester, include: perssure effects on the lower uterine segment, displacement of the cervix and/or corpus of the uterus, rotation, flexion, version, and tilting of the uterus. These events may affect the perception of placenta location and fetal position. This is especially important in the diagnosis of placenta previa in the second trimester. Many instances of placental \"migration\" may be due to this phenomenon. Implications for amniocentesis are briefly discussed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"128","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Radiology"}}},"pageStart":"169","pageEnd":"175","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1148/128.1.169","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67346324"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1148/128.1.169"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"663205"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q67346324"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/modification-of-vascular-responsiveness-to-angiotensin-ii-in-pregnant-women-by-i-reczywpe8q1izbgyp/","name":"Modification of vascular responsiveness to angiotensin II in pregnant women by intravenously infused 5alpha-dihydroprogesterone","headline":"Modification of vascular responsiveness to angiotensin II in pregnant women by intravenously infused 5alpha-dihydroprogesterone","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/modification-of-vascular-responsiveness-to-angiotensin-ii-in-pregnant-women-by-i-reczywpe8q1izbgyp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R B Everett","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05byvp690"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R J Worley","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05byvp690"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P C MacDonald","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05byvp690"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N F Gant","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05byvp690"}}],"datePublished":"1978-06-15","abstract":"In gravid women who are destined to develop pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH), normal pregnancy-associated refractoriness to the pressor effects of administered angiotensin II (A-II) is lost several weeks before the onset of hypertension. From a study of the determinants of A-II pressor responsiveness in normal gravid women, it appears likely that the loss of resistance to A-II is principally unrelated to plasma renin activity or to plasma A-II levels. However, it recently has been shown that the vascular refractoriness to A-II in normal women can be reduced significantly by the administration of the prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors, indomethacin or aspirin. In seven women who had developed PIH and who had lost their refractoriness to A-II, the infusion of 5alpha-pregnan-3,20-dione (5alpha-DHP) was associated with restoration of refractoriness to the pressor effects of A-II. Moreover, in five normotensive gravid women beyond 28 weeks' gestation in whom the refractoriness to A-II was reduced by the administration of indomethacin, the intravenous infusion of 5alpha-DPH was associated with restoration of refractoriness to the pressor effects of A-II. These observations are consistent with the view that a progesterone metabolite(s) may be important in the maintenance of normal blood pressure during human pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"131","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"352","pageEnd":"357","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(78)90407-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39604409"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(78)90407-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"96697"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39604409"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estriol-in-the-management-of-the-menopause-recoupxz9ao05xt8j/","name":"Estriol in the management of the menopause","headline":"Estriol in the management of the menopause","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estriol-in-the-management-of-the-menopause-recoupxz9ao05xt8j/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Tzingounis VA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aksu MF"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R B GREENBLATT","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Augusta University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012mef835"}}],"datePublished":"1978-04-21","abstract":"Estriol was administered for a six-month period as estrogen replacement therapy to 52 symptomatic postmenopausal women. Assays of serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estrone, and estradiol were performed before and during therapy. During this period of administration, vaginal cytology, cervical mucus, and endometrial studies were performed. Clinical effectiveness was directly related to dosage (2 to 8 mg/day). Estriol (8 mg/day) failed to induce endometrial proliferation and proved a poor suppressor of FSH and LH. This agent's capacity to relieve vasomotor instability and improve vaginal maturation without notable side effects is sufficient reason to include this drug in the management of the postmenopausal syndrome.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"239","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA"}}},"pageStart":"1638","pageEnd":"1641","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/17-beta-estradiol-and-progesterone-concentrations-in-myometrium-of-pregnancy-and-recqan0fprgftxisj/","name":"17 beta-Estradiol and progesterone concentrations in myometrium of pregnancy and their relationships to concentrations in peripheral plasma","headline":"17 beta-Estradiol and progesterone concentrations in myometrium of pregnancy and their relationships to concentrations in peripheral plasma","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/17-beta-estradiol-and-progesterone-concentrations-in-myometrium-of-pregnancy-and-recqan0fprgftxisj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S Batra","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1910-2475","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Lund University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012a77v79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L P Bengtsson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Lund University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012a77v79"}}],"datePublished":"1978-04-01","abstract":"17 beta-Estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P) concentrations in blood and in the myometrium of human pregnancy at term (n=33) and in a few samples (n=5) around midterm of pregnancy were determined. E2 concentration in the myometrium (per g wet wt) at midterm was lower than the concentration in the plasma (per ml) so that the myometrium to plasma (My:Pl) ratio was 0.7. Relative to plasma concentration, the myometrial E2 increased little from midterm to term so that My:Pl was only 0.2 at term. Although P concentration in the myometrium was much greater than that in the plasma at midterm, My:Pl ratio being 2.2, it was lower than that in plasma at term so that My:Pl ratio was only 0.6. A fairly good correlation between plasma steroids and the myometrial steroids was observed at midterm but was distorted at term, probably due to saturation of the tissue-binding capacity. Steroid concentrations determined on the basis of protein showed a good correlation to the values expressed on the basis of wet weight. Whereas myometrial E2 concentration was significantly influenced by the distance from placenta, P concentration was not.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"46","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"622","pageEnd":"626","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-46-4-622","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67457877"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jcem-46-4-622"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"755046"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q67457877"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-estrogenic-arousal-of-aggressive-behavior-in-female-mice-reczv38oq458fppdx/","name":"The estrogenic arousal of aggressive behavior in female mice","headline":"The estrogenic arousal of aggressive behavior in female mice","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-estrogenic-arousal-of-aggressive-behavior-in-female-mice-reczv38oq458fppdx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R Gandelman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N G Simon","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57"}}],"datePublished":"1978-04-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Hormones and Behavior"}}},"pageStart":"118","pageEnd":"127","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0018-506x(78)90002-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43964233"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0018-506x(78)90002-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"567618"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43964233"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-comparison-of-plasma-levels-of-progesterone-oestradiol-unconjugated-oestriol-a-recvsvkkqwk10l9mn/","name":"A comparison of plasma levels of progesterone, oestradiol, unconjugated oestriol and total oestriol with urinary total oestrogen levels in clinical obstetric practice","headline":"A comparison of plasma levels of progesterone, oestradiol, unconjugated oestriol and total oestriol with urinary total oestrogen levels in clinical obstetric practice","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-comparison-of-plasma-levels-of-progesterone-oestradiol-unconjugated-oestriol-a-recvsvkkqwk10l9mn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Gillian C. L. Lachelin"},{"@type":"Person","name":"E I Allen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University College London","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895"}}],"datePublished":"1978-04-01","abstract":"Summary: Plasma levels of progesterone (P), oestradiol (OE2), unconjugated oestriol (OE3) and total OE3 were measured in blood samples taken from patients with fetal growth retardation, pre-eclampsia and other complications of pregnancy. The levels were compared with the 24-hour urinary excretion levels of total oestrogen (OE) in these patients, and with the plasma levels found in 31 normal pregnant patients from whom blood samples were taken serially from 21 weeks gestation onwards. There was good correlation between plasma unconjugated and total OE, levels, and urinary OE levels (r = 0.77). In 12 patients with fetal growth retardation and no other abnormality, levels of all hormones were significantly lower than normal; unconjugated OE3, total OE3, and urinary OE levels were significantly less than 1 SD below the normal mean. In 22 patients with mild or moderate pre-eclampsia who were delivered of normal birth weight infants none of the hormone levels were significantly different from normal. In 12 patients with mild or moderate pre-eclampsia in association with fetal growth retardation OE2, unconjugated OE3 and urinary OE levels were significantly lower than normal, and total OE3 levels were significantly less than 1 SD below the normal mean. In 12 patients with severe pre-eclampsia, OE2, levels were significantly less than 1 SD below the normal mean and unconjugated OE3, total OE3, and urinary OE levels were significantly less than 2 SD below the normal mean. In studies of diurnal and day-to-day variation the coefficients of variation for P were respectively 12.7 per cent and 14.2 per cent, for OE2, 11 per cent and 12.7 per cent, for unconjugated OE3, 15.6 per cent and 14.1 per cent, and for total OE3, 15 per cent and 15.8 per cent. It was concluded that measurements of plasma total OE, and urinary OE were probably of comparable value and that the plasma estimation had much to commend it.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"85","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"278","pageEnd":"292","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1978.tb10500.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43840236"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1471-0528.1978.tb10500.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"565210"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43840236"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/salpingostomy-by-microsurgery-recdefau7ufxuhtrm/","name":"Salpingostomy by microsurgery","headline":"Salpingostomy by microsurgery","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/salpingostomy-by-microsurgery-recdefau7ufxuhtrm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Victor Gomel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0044-9257","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}}],"datePublished":"1978-04-01","abstract":"Salpingostomy for hydrosalpinx was carried out using a microsurgical technique. The postoperative patency rate was over 90%. Among the 41 patients followed for more than 1 year, 29% have had one or more intrauterine pregnancies and 27% have had live births. The ectopic gestation rate was 12%. All of the tubal gestations occurred in the 1st postoperative year whereas 60% of the intrauterine pregnancies occurred after the 1st year, suggesting a degree of restoration in the mucosa and the musculature of the oviduct with the re-establishment of patency and the passage of time.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"29","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"380","pageEnd":"387","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)43210-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39852464"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)43210-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"148372"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39852464"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/on-the-sites-of-the-negative-and-positive-feedback-actions-of-estradiol-in-the-c-recec3yuornzc7gcr/","name":"On the sites of the negative and positive feedback actions of estradiol in the control of gonadotropin secretion in the rhesus monkey","headline":"On the sites of the negative and positive feedback actions of estradiol in the control of gonadotropin secretion in the rhesus monkey","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/on-the-sites-of-the-negative-and-positive-feedback-actions-of-estradiol-in-the-c-recec3yuornzc7gcr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Y Nakai","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9533-3154","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pittsburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T M Plant","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5141-6335","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pittsburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D L Hess","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7869-6923","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pittsburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E J Keogh","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Physiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Knobil","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0481e1q24"}}],"datePublished":"1978-04-01","abstract":"Ovariectomized rhesus monkeys bearing hypothalamic lesions which had abolished endogenous LHRH production, as evidenced by a profound reduction in gonadotropin secretion, but in which LH and FSH secretion was reestablished by a chronic intermittent iv infusion of synthetic LHRH (1 microgram/min for 6 min every hour) were used to investigate the sites of the negative and positive feedback actions of estradiol in the control of gonadotropin secretion. The administration of estradiol to such animals, while continuing the LHRH replacement regimen, resulted in a decline in circulating LH and FSH levels, followed by an unambiguous discharge of these hormones. The time course of this biphasic pattern of gonadotropin secretion was remarkably similar to that observed in response to estradiol administration in otherwise intact ovariectomized animals. These results suggest that, in the rhesus monkey, estradiol can exert both its negative and positive feedback actions on gonadotropin secretion at the level of the pituitary gland.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"102","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"1008","pageEnd":"1014","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/endo-102-4-1008","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39649138"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/endo-102-4-1008"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"105873"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39649138"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteinized-unruptured-follicle-syndrome-a-subtle-cause-of-infertility-recr6fl0mbyifzbhc/","name":"Luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome: a subtle cause of infertility","headline":"Luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome: a subtle cause of infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteinized-unruptured-follicle-syndrome-a-subtle-cause-of-infertility-recr6fl0mbyifzbhc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J Marik"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Hulka"}],"datePublished":"1978-03-01","abstract":"A clinical description of luteinized unruptured follicles is presented. This abnormality in ovulation is characterized by normal endocrinologic presumptive signs of ovulation: biphasic basal body temperature curves, secretory endometrium, and laboratory evidence of progesterone production by elevated urinary pregnanediol or plasma progesterone levels. In a group of 102 such infertile women, laparoscopy performed 3 to 5 days after apparent ovulation revealed the absence of a corpus hemorrhagicum in 30 women, and the absence of a sigma on a corpus hemorrhagicum in an additional 32 women. These findings were evidence that a follicle had not ruptured and an ovum had not escaped. Of 28 patients undergoing follicular stimulation with clomiphene citrate or human menopausal gonadotropin after this diagnosis, 15 conceived.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"29","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"270","pageEnd":"274","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)43151-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39849735"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)43151-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"147778"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39849735"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-new-drug-free-device-free-birth-control-methods-everybod-reclmesv49r0oijdi/","name":"Natural family planning. New drug-free, device-free birth-control methods  everybody's talking about","headline":"Natural family planning. New drug-free, device-free birth-control methods  everybody's talking about","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-new-drug-free-device-free-birth-control-methods-everybod-reclmesv49r0oijdi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Aguilar N"}],"datePublished":"1978-03-01","abstract":"The new methods of natural family planning, i.e., the cervical mucus and symptothermal methods, provide couples with a form of birth control which is medically safe, totally and immediately reversible, and highly effective for stronly motivated couples. Furthermore, these methods cost nothing, have no side effects, and are completely drug and device-free. These methods are totally distinct from the traditional rhythm method which requires a woman to make daily quesses about her fertility status on the basis of her previously observed menstrual cycle patterns. In contrast, the new methods allow a woman to identify with certainty her current fertility status. These innovative methods are based on recent research which indicates that women are naturally safeguarded from pregnancy during 60-70% of their reproductive lives. Women can easily be taught to recognize physical symptoms which identify the naturally fertile and infertile perods of each cycle, i.e., 1) changes in the appearance and texture of cervical mucus, and 2) changes in basal body temperature. During the fertile periods, the cervical mucus is thin, slippery, stretchy, and clear. In this state the mucus helps the sperm cells travel up through the cervix and also provides an environment that keeps sperm cells viable for up to 5 days. During infertile periods, the cervical mucus is thick and gummy and acts as a barrier to prevent sperm from traveling through the cervix. During the fertile period the vaginal opening has a sensation of wetness and slipperiness, but during the infertile period, the vaginal opening has a sensation of dryness. Changes in basal body temperature can be used to identify the 2-week, naturally infertile, postovulatory phase of the menstrual cycle. Immediately after ovulation, a woman's temperature rises by .3-.4 of a degree. A temperature rise, sustained for 3 days, indicates that ovulation has occurred and that the egg is no longer viable. Women may use either or a combination of these symptoms to identify their fertile and infertile days. These methods require couples to abstain from intercourse during the fertile period which generally lasts for 7-12 days. The use of creams, jellies, and other chemicals during the fertile period to avoid the need to abstain is not recommended because these substances may mask changes in cervical mucus. According to a 2-year Canadian study couples who used these methods for spacing purposes only had a failure rate of 14.9 pregnancies/100 woman years; however, couples who definitely wanted no moe children, had a failure rate of only 1.1 pregnancies/100 woman years. Apparently, the strength of the motivation to prevent pregnancy accounted for the marked differences in the failure rates of these 2 groups.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Family Circle (Mount Morris, Ill.)"},"pageStart":"T2","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/husband-wife-agreement-about-reproductive-goals-recgyvbptid84fjzo/","name":"Husband-wife agreement about reproductive goals","headline":"Husband-wife agreement about reproductive goals","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/husband-wife-agreement-about-reproductive-goals-recgyvbptid84fjzo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Coombs LC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fernandez D","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9841-4425","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha"}}],"datePublished":"1978-02-01","abstract":"Data from Malaysia on the reproductive goals of husbands and wives are analyzed to determine level of agreement, using new scale measures on preferences for number and sex of children as well as the conventional measure of desired number of children. The level of agreement between husband and wife varies considerably depending on the focus of analysis and the measure of agreement used. Overall aggregate agreement of men and women is high but lower for subgroups of the population, particularly among various ethnic groups. For marital partners, the agreement is much lower, especially on sex preferences. The level observed depends on whether the measure is identity of responses or an index of homogeneity which allows for couple concordance based on chance or common socialization factors. The views about the reproductive goals of one marital partner cannot with confidence be assumed to represent the views of the other.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Demography"}}},"pageStart":"57","pageEnd":"73","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/indispensability-of-the-human-corpus-luteum-in-the-maintenance-of-early-pregnanc-recm5rsqf1y8ksyay/","name":"Indispensability of the human corpus luteum in the maintenance of early pregnancy. Luteectomy evidence","headline":"Indispensability of the human corpus luteum in the maintenance of early pregnancy. Luteectomy evidence","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/indispensability-of-the-human-corpus-luteum-in-the-maintenance-of-early-pregnanc-recm5rsqf1y8ksyay/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A I Csapo"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Pulkkinen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3216-6748","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Turku University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dbzj528"}}],"datePublished":"1978-02-01","abstract":"Following Fraenkel's discovery, demonstrating that the rabbit corpora lutea are indispensable in pregnancy maintenance, Corner and Allen showed (1) in a series of now classic studies that luteectomy predictably terminates pregnancy, except when progesterone is provided as substitution therapy. Despite the clarity of these demonstrations and the accumulation of complementary data over 40 years (2, 3, 4), many investigators held the view that the studies in the rabbit model failed to establish a basic biological law of broad …","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"33","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey"}}},"pageStart":"69","pageEnd":"81","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/00006254-197802000-00001","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39715087"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/00006254-197802000-00001"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"341008"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39715087"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estriol-the-forgotten-estrogen-reczrqzndnbdbumew/","name":"Estriol, the forgotten estrogen?","headline":"Estriol, the forgotten estrogen?","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estriol-the-forgotten-estrogen-reczrqzndnbdbumew/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A H Follingstad"}],"datePublished":"1978-01-02","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"239","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA"}}},"pageStart":"29","pageEnd":"30","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67024236","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"579227"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q67024236"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-ovarian-wedge-resection-and-incision-on-circulating-gonadotropin-i-rec3lsemepoyrre2p/","name":"The effect of ovarian wedge resection and incision on circulating gonadotropin in patients with polycystic ovarian disease","headline":"The effect of ovarian wedge resection and incision on circulating gonadotropin in patients with polycystic ovarian disease","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-ovarian-wedge-resection-and-incision-on-circulating-gonadotropin-i-rec3lsemepoyrre2p/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kutsuzawa T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Fujimoto"},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Tanaka","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tokushima University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/044vy1d05"}}],"datePublished":"1978-01-01","abstract":"Wedge resection (WR) was performed in 12 women with polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD), and Incision was done in 4 PCOD patients without any resection of ovarian tissue. Serum LH, FSH, estradiol-17beta (E2), progesterone, and urinary 17 ketosteroid (17KS) were measured serially before and after surgery. Neither WR nor Incision had any effect on FSH levels. Serum LH levels which had been hypergonadotropic preoperatively, became markedly lower 7--14 days after surgery in 12 wedge-resected and 2 incised patients. Within 7 days after WR there was a significant fall of E2 and a decrease of 17KS. In addition to those hormonal changes observed after WR, BBT charts turned out to be diphasic after the oral administration of dydrogesterone (Duphaston) in 12 out of 17 PCOD patients. The present data suggest that the reduction of the serum LH, induced by an interaction between the ovarian steroidogenesis and the suprapituitary mechanisms, might be involved in the occurrence of ovulation after WR in PCOD patients.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"23","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Fertility"}}},"pageStart":"93","pageEnd":"99","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormone-levels-following-wedge-resection-in-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-recg7dcduixxlskgs/","name":"Hormone levels following wedge resection in polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"Hormone levels following wedge resection in polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormone-levels-following-wedge-resection-in-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-recg7dcduixxlskgs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Toledo SP","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2590-3519"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mattar E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"V B MAHESH","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Augusta University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012mef835"}}],"datePublished":"1978-01-01","abstract":"A study of serum estradiol, progesterone, 17alpha-hydroxy-progesterone, testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHA), delta4-androstenedione (delta4-A), FSH, and LH was carried out in one of three sisters having polycystic ovarian disease for a period of 18 days before wedge resection, at the time of surgery, and for 24 days following wedge resection. The mean levels of 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, testosterone, DHA, delta4-A, and LH were remarkably elevated prior to wedge resection. There was considerable day-to-day variation. Serum LH varied from 12.5 to 70.5 mIU/ml with a mean of 41.03 +/- 3.55 mIU/ml. Serum estradiol and progesterone levels were generally higher than those found in the early follicular phage. Wedge resection resulted in a fall in serum estradiol, progesterone, 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, DHA, and delta4-A. Ovarian secretion of the last four steroids was confirmed by a study of the ovarian vein blood obtained at the time of surgery. An estradiol peak occurred on the 14th post wedge resection day with smaller increases in 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, DHA and delta4-A. An increase in serum LH occurred on the 15th post wedge resection day with a peak on Day 16 accompanied by increases in FSH and progesterone. The postovulatory rise of progesterone was accompanied by reduction of serum LH levels to those generally found in the early part of the menstrual cycle. Various hypotheses for the ovulatory failure are discussed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"51","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1 Suppl","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"64s-69s","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormone-levels-following-wedge-resection-in-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-3uy883tc/","name":"Hormone levels following wedge resection in polycystic ovary syndrome","headline":"Hormone levels following wedge resection in polycystic ovary syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormone-levels-following-wedge-resection-in-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-3uy883tc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"V B MAHESH","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Augusta University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012mef835"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Toledo SP","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2590-3519"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mattar E"}],"datePublished":"1978-01-01","abstract":"A study of serum estradiol, progesterone, 17alpha-hydroxy-progesterone, testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHA), delta4-androstenedione (delta4-A), FSH, and LH was carried out in one of three sisters having polycystic ovarian disease for a period of 18 days before wedge resection, at the time of surgery, and for 24 days following wedge resection. The mean levels of 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, testosterone, DHA, delta4-A, and LH were remarkably elevated prior to wedge resection. There was considerable day-to-day variation. Serum LH varied from 12.5 to 70.5 mIU/ml with a mean of 41.03 +/- 3.55 mIU/ml. Serum estradiol and progesterone levels were generally higher than those found in the early follicular phage. Wedge resection resulted in a fall in serum estradiol, progesterone, 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, DHA, and delta4-A. Ovarian secretion of the last four steroids was confirmed by a study of the ovarian vein blood obtained at the time of surgery. An estradiol peak occurred on the 14th post wedge resection day with smaller increases in 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, DHA and delta4-A. An increase in serum LH occurred on the 15th post wedge resection day with a peak on Day 16 accompanied by increases in FSH and progesterone. The postovulatory rise of progesterone was accompanied by reduction of serum LH levels to those generally found in the early part of the menstrual cycle. Various hypotheses for the ovulatory failure are discussed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"51","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1 Suppl","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"64s-69s","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39835523","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"144874"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39835523"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cervical-factors-recg1wgheqb6o31uj/","name":"Cervical factors","headline":"Cervical factors","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cervical-factors-recg1wgheqb6o31uj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E Odeblad","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sabbatsberg Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dkvrg87"}}],"datePublished":"1978-01-01","abstract":"The cervical canal mucus is important to human fertility since conception can only occur if sperm pass through the contents of the cervical canal to reach the ovum. The biophysical properties of the cervical mucus and their relation to sperm migration are, therefore, curcial. A variety of laboratory experimentation methods have been used in studies of cervical mucus: 1) sperm migration measurements; 2) reheological studies; 3) cell countings; 4) crystallization studies; 5) Nmr: 6) EPR; and 7) photoelectron spectroscopy. Cervical mucus is the end result of complicated biosynthetic processes occurring in the epithelial cells of the cervical mucosa; this biosynthesis is regulated by many factors. Type E, characteristic for estrogenic stimuli on mucus biosynthesis, and type G, for gestagenic stimulation, are the 2 main types of cervical secretions. The 2 types always occur together, in differing proportions. For example, at normal ovulation there is a 97:3 ratio of type E to type G; at normal corpus luteum, the ratio is 10:90. The string variety of type E seems to aid in conveying sperm from the vagina while the loaf variety is inactive. The very low viscosity of the string variety intermicellar fluid permits very rapid sperm swimming. Not much is known regarding cervical mucus pathology or therapy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Contributions to Gynecology and Obstetrics"}},"pageStart":"132","pageEnd":"142","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/psychodynamics-of-the-use-of-the-ovulation-method-recqodpovpjrwfejt/","name":"Psychodynamics of the Use of the Ovulation Method","headline":"Psychodynamics of the Use of the Ovulation Method","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/psychodynamics-of-the-use-of-the-ovulation-method-recqodpovpjrwfejt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1978-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/demonstration-that-progesterone-blocks-uterine-activity-in-the-ewe-in-vivo-by-a--recxjpowhtbby9z6w/","name":"Demonstration that progesterone 'blocks' uterine activity in the ewe in vivo by a direct action on the myometrium","headline":"Demonstration that progesterone 'blocks' uterine activity in the ewe in vivo by a direct action on the myometrium","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/demonstration-that-progesterone-blocks-uterine-activity-in-the-ewe-in-vivo-by-a--recxjpowhtbby9z6w/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S J Lye","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3305-4406","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"At Bristol","sameAs":"https://ror.org/039fp5n52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D G Porter","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}}],"datePublished":"1978-01-01","abstract":"Intrauterine pressure was monitored in vivo in oestrogen-treated ovariectomized ewes before, during and after treatment with progesterone (50 mg s.c./day for 3 days). Progesterone reversibly reduced the frequency and amplitude of myometrial activity and abolished uterine reactivity to oxytocin (i.v.) and PGF-2alpha (intrauterine infusion). The rate of rise of intrauterine pressure during active pressure cycles was significantly reduced. These results confirm that the action of progesterone on the ovine myometrium is comparable to the classic progesterone 'block'. The intrauterine infusion of PGF-2alpha (10 microgram/min), which elicited a marked mechanical response in the control animals, failed to stimulate the progesterone-'blocked' uterus, suggesting that the inhibition produced by progesterone is due to a direct action of the hormone on the uterine muscle and not to an indirect mechanism operating through endometrial prostaglandin output.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"52","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Reproduction and Fertility"}}},"pageStart":"87","pageEnd":"94","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1530/jrf.0.0520087","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67254578"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1530/jrf.0.0520087"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"621702"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q67254578"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/feminine-hygiene-products-a-catalog-with-commentary-rectbtpdpvwd3h2v7/","name":"Feminine Hygiene Products: A Catalog with Commentary","headline":"Feminine Hygiene Products: A Catalog with Commentary","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/feminine-hygiene-products-a-catalog-with-commentary-rectbtpdpvwd3h2v7/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A J Bailey"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1978-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/thyroidal-and-peripheral-production-of-thyroid-hormones-review-of-recent-finding-reckznmzx0rsklthe/","name":"Thyroidal and peripheral production of thyroid hormones. Review of recent findings and their clinical implications","headline":"Thyroidal and peripheral production of thyroid hormones. Review of recent findings and their clinical implications","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/thyroidal-and-peripheral-production-of-thyroid-hormones-review-of-recent-finding-reckznmzx0rsklthe/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M Schimmel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9700-5534","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Philadelphia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03zzmyz63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R D Utiger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Philadelphia University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03zzmyz63"}}],"datePublished":"1977-12-01","abstract":"There are two biologically active thyroid hormones, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). Most T3 is produced extrathyroidally, so that alterations in circulating thyroid hormone concentrations may occur as a result of both thyroidal and extrathyroidal abnormalities. Extrathyroidal T4 conversion to T3 is decreased in patients with different acute and chronic illnesses. When T4 conversion to T3 is impaired and serum T3 concentrations decline, serum concentrations of biologically inactive 3,3',5'-triiodothyronine (reverse T3) increase. In this review, we present current information on thyroidal and extrathyroidal T4 and T3 production in normal subjects and patients with various thyroid diseases and other illnesses, consider the physiologic significance of these changes, and discuss the value and interpretation of various iodothyronine measurements.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"87","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Annals of Internal Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"760","pageEnd":"768","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-87-6-760","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39868994"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.7326/0003-4819-87-6-760"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"412452"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39868994"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/morphine-inhibition-of-the-preovulatory-surges-of-plasma-luteinizing-hormone-and-recbtdia2h21tjaeh/","name":"Morphine inhibition of the preovulatory surges of plasma luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone in the rat","headline":"Morphine inhibition of the preovulatory surges of plasma luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone in the rat","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/morphine-inhibition-of-the-preovulatory-surges-of-plasma-luteinizing-hormone-and-recbtdia2h21tjaeh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C N Pang"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C H SAWYER","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2651-9398","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Los Angeles","sameAs":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Zimmermann","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2494-1847"}],"datePublished":"1977-12-01","abstract":"A study was made of the effects on the preovulatory surges of LH and FSH exerted by morphine sulfate (M) administered at 1400 h on proestrus, the beginning of the critical period for gonadotropin release in cycling rats in our colony. Various doses of M were given ip and jugular venous blood was collected under ether anesthesia for radioimmunoassay of plasma levels of LH and FSH. To verify ovulation, oviducts were examined the following day for the presence of ova. A high dose of M (60 mg/kg) totally abolished the LH surge and partially prevented the FSH surge while completely blocking ovulation. With intermediate doses of M (20-30 mg/kg) about half of the rats showed undiminished elevations of plasma LH at 1800 h and complete ovulation the next morning, whereas the other half revealed almost total blockade of LH release and no ovulation. Following a low dose of M (10 mg/kg) a small but significant (P < 0.05) augmentation of LH levels was observed in two of three experiments and all animals receiving this dose ovulated. Pretreatment with naloxone (10 mg/kg) did not itself affect LH or FSH release or ovulation but reversed the effect of the high dose of M and permitted complete ovulation. At 1800 h the pituitaries of control and Mblocked rats responded about equally to exogenous LHRH (100 ng iv) in 15 min increments of plasma LH and FSH and all of the rats ovulated. A timecourse study indicates that the onset of the LH surge may be somewhat delayed but the amplitude was undiminished following administration of a low dose of M. These findings indicate that M exerts dose-dependent effects on the preovulatory discharge of pituitary gonadotropins in the cycling rat.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"101","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"1726","pageEnd":"1732","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/endo-101-6-1726","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40837277"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/endo-101-6-1726"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"338290"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40837277"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/beta-endorphin-and-adrenocorticotropin-are-selected-concomitantly-by-the-pituita-recv5bsovudfjcgym/","name":"beta-Endorphin and adrenocorticotropin are selected concomitantly by the pituitary gland","headline":"beta-Endorphin and adrenocorticotropin are selected concomitantly by the pituitary gland","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/beta-endorphin-and-adrenocorticotropin-are-selected-concomitantly-by-the-pituita-recv5bsovudfjcgym/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J Rossier","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1821-2135","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Salk Institute for Biological Studies","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xez1567"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N Ling","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0853-7035","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Salk Institute for Biological Studies","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xez1567"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W Vale","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2655-7200","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Floyd E. Bloom","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Salk Institute for Biological Studies","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xez1567"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Guillemin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Salk Institute for Biological Studies","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xez1567"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Minick","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Salk Institute for Biological Studies","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xez1567"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Rivier","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/006w34k90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Vargo","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Salk Institute for Biological Studies","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03xez1567"}}],"datePublished":"1977-09-30","abstract":"The opiate-like peptide beta-endorphin and adrenocorticotropin are concomitantly secreted in increased amounts by the adenohypophysis in response to acute stress or long-term adrenalectomy as well as in vitro in response to purified corticotropin releasing factor and other secretagogues. Conversely, administration of the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone inhibits the secretion of both adrenocorticotropin and beta-endorphin. Thus, both hormones possess common and identical regulatory mechanisms and there may be a functional role for circulating beta-endorphin.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"197","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4311","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Science (New York, N.Y.)"}}},"pageStart":"1367","pageEnd":"1369","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1126/science.197601","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40094850"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1126/science.197601"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"197601"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40094850"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteinizing-hormone-releasing-hormone-lhrh-in-pituitary-stalk-blood-of-rhesus-mo-recvywv5asueld06p/","name":"Luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) in pituitary stalk blood of rhesus monkeys: relationship to level of LH release","headline":"Luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) in pituitary stalk blood of rhesus monkeys: relationship to level of LH release","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteinizing-hormone-releasing-hormone-lhrh-in-pituitary-stalk-blood-of-rhesus-mo-recvywv5asueld06p/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"John Patton","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Emory University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R A Dailey","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Emory University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J D Neill","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Emory University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G T Tindall","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Neurological Surgery","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04r0gp612"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R C Tsou","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Emory University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43"}}],"datePublished":"1977-08-01","abstract":"Journal Article Luteinizing Hormone Releasing Hormone (LHRH) in Pituitary Stalk Blood of Rhesus Monkeys: Relationship to Level of LH Release Get access J. D. NEILL, J. D. NEILL 1Department of Physiology and Division of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine, Emory University Atlanta, Georgia 30322 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. M. PATTON, J. M. PATTON 1Department of Physiology and Division of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine, Emory University Atlanta, Georgia 30322 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. A. DAILEY, R. A. DAILEY 1Department of Physiology and Division of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine, Emory University Atlanta, Georgia 30322 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. C. TSOU, R. C. TSOU 1Department of Physiology and Division of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine, Emory University Atlanta, Georgia 30322 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. T. TINDALL G. T. TINDALL 1Department of Physiology and Division of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine, Emory University Atlanta, Georgia 30322 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Endocrinology, Volume 101, Issue 2, 1 August 1977, Pages 430–434, https://doi.org/10.1210/endo-101-2-430 Published: 01 August 1977 Article history Received: 14 February 1977 Published: 01 August 1977","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"101","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"430","pageEnd":"434","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/endo-101-2-430","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41280660"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/endo-101-2-430"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"407069"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41280660"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/perforation-of-the-sigmoid-colon-during-pregnancy-a-rare-complication-of-endomet-reclj2c86as1dpvbv/","name":"Perforation of the sigmoid colon during pregnancy: a rare complication of endometriosis. Case report","headline":"Perforation of the sigmoid colon during pregnancy: a rare complication of endometriosis. Case report","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/perforation-of-the-sigmoid-colon-during-pregnancy-a-rare-complication-of-endomet-reclj2c86as1dpvbv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Loverro G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Philip B. Clement","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of British Columbia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cormio G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Altomare D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Putignano G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Slevaggi L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pantaleo Greco","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2461-6777","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Department of Translational and for Romagna Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy","sameAs":"https://ror.org/041zkgm14"}}],"datePublished":"1977-07-01","abstract":"Perforation of the sigmoid colon in a 28-year-old woman during the 37th week of pregnancy is reported. There was almost complete replacement of the bowel wall by endometriotic tissue showing extensive decidualization of its stroma. This appears to be a very rare complication of endometriosis and the effects of pregnancy upon endometriosis are briefly reviewed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"84","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British journal of obstetrics and gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"548","pageEnd":"550","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1977.tb12644.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67691270"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1471-0528.1977.tb12644.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"911713"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q67691270"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-role-of-marital-sexual-abstinence-in-determining-fertility-a-study-of-the-yo-rec9c71nbuowtn60q/","name":"The role of marital sexual abstinence in determining fertility: A study of the  Yoruba in Nigeria","headline":"The role of marital sexual abstinence in determining fertility: A study of the  Yoruba in Nigeria","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-role-of-marital-sexual-abstinence-in-determining-fertility-a-study-of-the-yo-rec9c71nbuowtn60q/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J C Caldwell"},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Caldwell"}],"datePublished":"1977-07-01","abstract":"Summary Although sexual abstinence has probably been the single most important factor in restricting human fertility, Western researchers have tended to regard it as a phenomenon mostly found outside marriage. The research reported here was carried out amongst the Yoruba, a sub Saharan people, among whom it is more desirable in terms of social stability to practise female sexual abstinence mainly within marriage, rather than outside it. A similar situation is found widely in tropical Africa. Data are reported from five surveys carried out in 1973-75 in the Changing African Family and Nigerian Family Projects. Three types of marital abstinence are shown to have an effect in reducing fertility: post-natal abstinence (often wrongly described as a 'taboo'), terminal abstinence, and abstinence at other times. Female sexual abstinence is not paralleled by an equal practice of male abstinence, and the main reason for abstinence is to preserve long birth intervals and periods of lactation in a society prone to high rates of infant malnutrition and mortality. It is shown that the Index of Proportions Married (I ( m )) is only one of a number of fertility-weighted indices which can be employed to sub-divide the female reproductive span, and that a complete series of indices adding to unity can be constructed. The duration of lactation and abstinence are found to be related but, because abstinence is traditionally of longer duration, lactation amenorrhoea is of little importance in containing fertility. Married women spend less than half their reproductive lives in periods when sexual relations are possible and marital abstinence is between three and four times more important than delayed marriage in restricting fertility. The period of abstinence is shown to be changing and it is probable that it has never been of an agreed length; the concept of 'natural fertility' is examined in this light. The partial substitution of contraception for the abstinence period is analysed, and the possible effect on fertility considered.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"31","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Population Studies"}}},"pageStart":"193","pageEnd":"217","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.2307/2173915","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38929245"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2307/2173915"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22077838"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q38929245"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/direct-evidence-of-luteal-insufficiency-in-women-with-habitual-abortion-recds5g7vshndiwxu/","name":"Direct evidence of luteal insufficiency in women with habitual abortion","headline":"Direct evidence of luteal insufficiency in women with habitual abortion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/direct-evidence-of-luteal-insufficiency-in-women-with-habitual-abortion-recds5g7vshndiwxu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Horta JL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fernández JG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Cortés-Gallegos V","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2110-3522","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Centro de investigación en Biotecnología Aplicada"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"de León BS","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0262-7937"}],"datePublished":"1977-06-01","abstract":"Plasma levels of progesterone were measured during the luteal phase in 10 of 15 women with clinical histories of at least three spontaneous abortions in the last three gestations, and in 15 healthy nonpregnant women during the same phase of the ovarian cycle. Progesterone values found in the women with habitual abortion were lower (P less than 0.05-0.005) than in the nonpregnant group almost throughout the period of observation. The habitually aborting women who became pregnant again aborted between the seventh and 12th weeks. Their progesterone concentrations were less than 6 ng/ml, 48-72 hours before vaginal bleeding or abortion. These values were compared with those found during the first 12 weeks in normal pregnancy (P less than 0.001). The results suggest a useful method of evaluating the treatment of habitual abortion.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"49","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"705","pageEnd":"708","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptives-and-myocardial-infarction-rec9reaybh46aeo5i/","name":"Oral contraceptives and myocardial infarction","headline":"Oral contraceptives and myocardial infarction","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oral-contraceptives-and-myocardial-infarction-rec9reaybh46aeo5i/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C H Hennekens","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1214-1663"},{"@type":"Person","name":"B MacMahon"}],"datePublished":"1977-05-19","abstract":"A series of semi-structured qualitative interviews were undertaken with civil society stakeholders as part of this project. This project explored the role of trust and transparency within the context of multi-level governance. The research examined the interplay of trust and transparency within the UK. The project focused on one strong identity and one 'instrumental' region to explore the impact of factors such as varying identities, institutional configurations and resource profiles on trust and transparency. Interviews were conducted across two areas: Wales and the North West of England. This proposal is for a National Research Centre (WISERD/Civil Society) to undertake a five year programme of policy relevant research addressing Civil Society in Wales. Established in 2008, WISERD provides an 'All-Wales' focus for research and has had a major impact on the quantity and quality of social science research undertaken in Wales. As part of WISERD, WISERD/Civil Society will enable this work to be deepened and sustained through a focused research programme that further develops our research expertise, intensifies our policy impact and knowledge exchange work and strengthens our research capacity and career development activities. WISERD/Civil Society will therefore aim to develop key aspects of the multidisciplinary research initiated during the first phase of WISERD's work to produce new empirical evidence to inform our understanding of the changing nature of civil society in the context of devolved government and processes of profound social and economic change. There are many disagreements over what civil society is and how it may be changing. We do know that over the last forty years there have been unprecedented changes in the spheres of economy and industry, politics and governance, social relations and individual life courses. How individuals in local contexts are affected by and respond to dramatic institutional changes is not well understood. An important gap in our knowledge is in describing and explaining the impact of social change on local forms of civil society and civil society organisations and what this means for social cohesion and well-being. In addition how different forms of civil society are developing in the context of multi-level and devolved government is not well understood. Because of its size and devolved government, Wales offers a unique context for studying these issues. Viewing Wales as a 'laboratory for social science' the proposed centre will build on existing networks of researchers who have a wide range of expertise and skills. Large survey data sets will be exploited and analysed and new data collected on civil society in Wales, the UK and Europe. Inter-disciplinarity and multi-method approaches applied to longitudinal and comparative data will be a key feature and strength of the WISERD/Civil Society research programme. Our research will be underpinned by three principles: (i) to maximise research impact, (ii) to become a centre of excellence for comparative, longitudinal, and relational research methods and (iii) to contribute to the growth of research capacity in Wales. We will also extend our research out from Wales to undertake comparative studies at different regional, national and international levels. In this way WISERD will make substantive and novel contributions to the advancement of social theory applied to researching contemporary civil society and to methodological approaches to describing and explaining patterns of civic participation in the context of devolution and multi-level governance. Substantive research will be applied to real and timely research problems conducted under four inter-related themes: 1) Locality, Community and Civil Society 2) Individuals, Institutions and Governance 3) Economic Austerity, Social Enterprise and Inequality 4) Generation, Life Course and Social Participation Our aim will be to produce a wide range of outputs accessible to a variety of different audiences, including: academic papers; books; working papers; seminars; web based material; video and e-learning materials; as well as disseminating our work through a diversity of activities. Public awareness will be raised through events; activities; and exhibitions, designed to foster interest and encourage discussion and debate. WISERD/Civil Society will have a strong management structure, substantial institutional support, and close links with relevant organisations, and will provide substantive career development for new and early-career researchers and PhD students.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"296","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"20","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"1166","pageEnd":"1167","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM197705192962012","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67565055"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJM197705192962012"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"854048"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q67565055"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-serum-progesterone-and-endometrial-biopsy-for-confirmation-of-ovul-recryigoe8ruesyzp/","name":"Comparison of serum progesterone and endometrial biopsy for confirmation of ovulation and evaluation of luteal function","headline":"Comparison of serum progesterone and endometrial biopsy for confirmation of ovulation and evaluation of luteal function","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-serum-progesterone-and-endometrial-biopsy-for-confirmation-of-ovul-recryigoe8ruesyzp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Y D Senturia","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02f6dcw23"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M K Shepard","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02f6dcw23"}}],"datePublished":"1977-05-01","abstract":"An endometrial biopsy and a blood sample for progesterone determination obtained simultaneously in the midluteal phase of the cycles of 55 infertile women were compared for reliability for confirmation of presumptive ovulation and evaluation of luteal function. Progesterone levels of 3 ng/ml or greater were found in 90.5% of the cycles. Secretory endometrium was identified in 81% of the cycles. Thirty-three cycles yielded sufficient information to compare the two methods for evaluation of luteal function. Histology and progesterone levels were consistent with each other and the presumed time of ovulation in only 11 cycles. Histology was inconsistent with the presumed time of ovulation in 20 cycles, while progesterone was inconsistent in only two cycles. Additional samples for progesterone determinations were obtained during the biopsy cycles of 15 patients who presented adequate data for evaluation of luteal function. A single, well-timed progesterone determination appeared adequately to reflect the data obtained from serial samples in the same cycle. These results support the thesis that a single, well-timed serum progesterone determination is superior to a single endometrial biopsy as a screening method for confirmation of presumptive ovulation and for evaluation of luteal function.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"28","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"541","pageEnd":"548","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)42554-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41512225"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)42554-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"856637"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q41512225"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-ovulation-method-of-natural-family-planning-reccursmzmzlmg3ni/","name":"The ovulation method of natural family planning","headline":"The ovulation method of natural family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-ovulation-method-of-natural-family-planning-reccursmzmzlmg3ni/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Hume K"}],"datePublished":"1977-04-30","abstract":"The ovulation method of natural family planning is described in detail as taught in the ovulation method centers with an account of its development in Australia and the underlying philosophy. Hormonal studies supporting its scientific bases are given including recent work on the hormonal events of the menstrual cycle. The teaching of the method for the avoidance and achievement of pregnancy is outlined including special circumstances such as lactation premenopause stress situations abnormal vaginal discharges and formal oral contraceptive use. The failure rate of the ovulation method has been shown by a number of surveys as between that of the pill and the IUD. It is the fastest spreading method of natural family planning currently in use in 50 countries.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"70","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Irish Medical Journal"}}},"pageStart":"208","pageEnd":"214","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/serum-progesterone-and-estradiol-17beta-levels-in-premature-and-term-labor-reckpewggimi4utn2/","name":"Serum progesterone and estradiol-17beta levels in premature and term labor","headline":"Serum progesterone and estradiol-17beta levels in premature and term labor","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/serum-progesterone-and-estradiol-17beta-levels-in-premature-and-term-labor-reckpewggimi4utn2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"L Cousins"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C J Hobel","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UCLA Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vq5kb54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Roger Chang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5654-2480"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D M Okada","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Torrance Memorial Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0480v3r94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J R Marshall","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8921-3253","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UCLA Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vq5kb54"}}],"datePublished":"1977-03-15","abstract":"A total of 30 to 50 per cent of premature labors occur without identifiable predisposing conditions. To evaluate the hormonal status of these pregnancies, serum progesterone (P) and estradiol (E2) were measured by radioimmunoassay singly in 60 premature labor patients and serially in 19 normal pregnancies. Premature labor patients as a group have significantly lower P and E2 levels than controls. Pregnancies complcated by idiopathic premature labor (IPL) (p less than 0.01), premature labor secondary to abruptio-marginal separation (A-MS) (p less than 0.05), and premature rupture of membranes (PROM) (p less than 0.05) have significantly lower P levels than controls. Patients with IPL and A-MS have significantly lower P levels (p less than 0.01) than PROM patients. No significant change in P or E2 occurs immediately prior to normal term labor. Conclusions are that (1) premature labor patients have significantly lower Pand E2 levels than controls, (2) the degree of P depression varies according to the type of premature labor and (3) IPL is characterized by premature labor with no identifiable predisposing factors.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"127","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"612","pageEnd":"615","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(77)90359-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67554164"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(77)90359-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"842587"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q67554164"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/additive-action-of-ionizing-and-non-ionizing-radiations-throughout-the-chinese-h-recuugqfrp81jbccj/","name":"Additive action of ionizing and non-ionizing radiations throughout the Chinese  hamster cell-cycle","headline":"Additive action of ionizing and non-ionizing radiations throughout the Chinese  hamster cell-cycle","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/additive-action-of-ionizing-and-non-ionizing-radiations-throughout-the-chinese-h-recuugqfrp81jbccj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A Han","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1333-1824","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Argonne National Laboratory","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05gvnxz63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M M Elkind","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Argonne National Laboratory","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05gvnxz63"}}],"datePublished":"1977-03-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"31","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Radiation Biology and Related Studies in Physics,  Chemistry, and Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"275","pageEnd":"282","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/09553007714550321","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40645475"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/09553007714550321"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"300730"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q40645475"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-relation-of-economic-class-and-fertility-an-analysis-of-some-indonesian-data-rec9k3rmzxyehmpxg/","name":"The relation of economic class and fertility: An analysis of some Indonesian  data","headline":"The relation of economic class and fertility: An analysis of some Indonesian  data","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-relation-of-economic-class-and-fertility-an-analysis-of-some-indonesian-data-rec9k3rmzxyehmpxg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"V J Hull"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Tracy L. Hull","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8138-2658","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Colon and Rectal Surgery Associates","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03c34x898"}}],"datePublished":"1977-03-01","abstract":"Summary Many recent fertility studies in developing societies put forward the hypothesis of a negative relation between economic class and fertility. Data showing a positive relationship are frequently dismissed a priori as resulting from the reporting errors of illiterate women. This study draws on data from Indonesia's 1971 Census, a 1973 sample survey of fertility and mortality, and an intensive community study in Java, to argue that an observed positive relation between class and fertility is real, and is related to differences in patterns of marital disruption, postpartum abstinence, and fecundity. The positive relation may be reversed in the future as changes in these patterns, and the impact of the national family planning programme, affect the family structure of each class differently. Had the positive relation in this context been attributed offhand to reporting errors, these important socio-economic changes would have been misunderstood, and possibly ignored.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"31","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Population Studies"}}},"pageStart":"43","pageEnd":"57","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/00324728.1977.10412746","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34070739"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/00324728.1977.10412746"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"22070236"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34070739"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-protection-afforded-by-the-cervical-mucus-in-human-reproduction-recsphxhsj0x1qoxg/","name":"The Protection Afforded by the Cervical Mucus in Human Reproduction","headline":"The Protection Afforded by the Cervical Mucus in Human Reproduction","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-protection-afforded-by-the-cervical-mucus-in-human-reproduction-recsphxhsj0x1qoxg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1977-02-01","abstract":"From January 1, 1968 to May 31, 1973, 100 patients received first kidney transplants from sibling donors. All recipients have been followed for at least two years and several as long as 7.5 years. One hundred per cent follow-up information is available. The absolute two-year patient survival is 85% and the absolute two-year kidney function survival is 76%. Patients with diabetes (especially males) have less success following transplantation than do patients without diabetes. When diabetic patients are excluded, older patients appear to do slightly less well than younger patients. Patients with phenotypically identical HL-A matches with the donor do better than patients without such matches. In the nondiabetic technically perfect transplant recepient, better than 90% long-term transplant function can be expectedwith no kidney losses after the first few months. In contrast, the less well-matched transplant demonstrated both an increased early rejection rate and a high rate of loss after the third to fifth year. Increasing doses of anti-lymphoblast globulin (ALG) had beneficial results in HL-A mismatched sibling transplants, but were slightly detrimental in phenotypically identical HL-A donor-recipient pairs because of an increased rate of infection. The results are compared with the results of transplants from other related donors and from cadavers performed during the same period.","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/human-reproduction-three-issues-for-the-moral-theologian-recodopqynykfehy1/","name":"Human Reproduction: Three Issues for the Moral Theologian","headline":"Human Reproduction: Three Issues for the Moral Theologian","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/human-reproduction-three-issues-for-the-moral-theologian-recodopqynykfehy1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute for Human Reproduction","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1977-02-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Theological Studies"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1177/004056397703800105","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1177/004056397703800105"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prenatal-toxicity-of-medroxyprogesterone-acetate-in-rabbits-rats-and-mice-recofwypchhhgsz2u/","name":"Prenatal toxicity of medroxyprogesterone acetate in rabbits, rats, and mice","headline":"Prenatal toxicity of medroxyprogesterone acetate in rabbits, rats, and mice","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prenatal-toxicity-of-medroxyprogesterone-acetate-in-rabbits-rats-and-mice-recofwypchhhgsz2u/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert Staples","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F D Andrew","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}}],"datePublished":"1977-02-01","abstract":"Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) was given once daily sc at 0.1-3,000 mg/kg/day for 3, 6, or 9 consecutive days during gestation days 7 to 15 to CD1 and A/J mice, and New Zealand (NZ) and Dutch Belted (DB) rabbits, and during days 8 to 16 to CD rats. Malformations attributable to MPA did not occur in fetuses of mice or rats exposed to the largest dosage tested. However, 1, 3, or 10 mg/kg on days 13 to 15 to NZ rabbits resulted in 6, 28, and 42% cleft palate, respectively. Comparable cleft palate frequencies were seen in DB offspring.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Teratology"}}},"pageStart":"25","pageEnd":"32","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/tera.1420150104","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67552944"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/tera.1420150104"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"841480"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q67552944"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cardiovascular-birth-defects-and-antenatal-exposure-to-female-sex-hormones-rectk4fgw8s302dxe/","name":"Cardiovascular birth defects and antenatal exposure to female sex hormones","headline":"Cardiovascular birth defects and antenatal exposure to female sex hormones","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cardiovascular-birth-defects-and-antenatal-exposure-to-female-sex-hormones-rectk4fgw8s302dxe/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"O P Heinonen"},{"@type":"Person","name":"E B Hook"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R R Monson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tufts University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05wvpxv85"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Shapiro","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0181-3401","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pennsylvania","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Slone"}],"datePublished":"1977-01-13","abstract":"In a cohort of 50,282 pregnancies 19 children with cardiovascular defects were born to 1042 women who received female hormones during early pregnancy (18.2 per 1000). Among 49,240 children not exposed in utero to these agents there were 385 with cardiovascular malformations (7.8 per 1000). Six children with cardiovascular defects were born to a sub-group of 278 women who used oral contraceptives during early pregnancy (21.5 per 1000). After the data were controlled for a wide variety of potentially confounding factors by multivariate methods, the association between in utero exposure to female hormones and cardiovascular birth defects was statistically significant.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"296","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"67","pageEnd":"70","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM197701132960202","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28330367"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJM197701132960202"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"830309"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q28330367"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-menstrual-cycle-major-problems-in-obstetrics-and-gynecology-vol-7-1nk3bbvy/","name":"The Menstrual Cycle: Major Problems in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vol. 7","headline":"The Menstrual Cycle: Major Problems in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vol. 7","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-menstrual-cycle-major-problems-in-obstetrics-and-gynecology-vol-7-1nk3bbvy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Vollman RF"}],"datePublished":"1977-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/physical-properties-of-cervical-mucus-21csrbgi/","name":"Physical properties of cervical mucus","headline":"Physical properties of cervical mucus","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/physical-properties-of-cervical-mucus-21csrbgi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E Odeblad","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sabbatsberg Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dkvrg87"}}],"datePublished":"1977-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"89","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology"}},"pageStart":"217","pageEnd":"25","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-4172-7_16","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67024326"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/978-1-4613-4172-7_16"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"579275"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q67024326"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/roe-v-wade-some-definitional-considerations-recwdc41ve7j3unmv/","name":"Roe v. Wade: some definitional considerations","headline":"Roe v. Wade: some definitional considerations","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/roe-v-wade-some-definitional-considerations-recwdc41ve7j3unmv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jacqueline M. Nolan‐Haley"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Institute for Human Reproduction","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1977-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Human Life Review"}}},"pageStart":"55","pageEnd":"62","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74809640","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"11662326"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q74809640"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-statistical-parameters-of-the-mucus-cycle-a-study-of-600-cycles-rec25qmyvuhgudjhb/","name":"The Statistical Parameters of the Mucus Cycle: A Study of 600 Cycles","headline":"The Statistical Parameters of the Mucus Cycle: A Study of 600 Cycles","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-statistical-parameters-of-the-mucus-cycle-a-study-of-600-cycles-rec25qmyvuhgudjhb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Prebil AM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1977-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/noxytiolin-and-peritoneal-adhesion-formation-rec0c0vol8fuh0sbs/","name":"Noxytiolin and peritoneal adhesion formation","headline":"Noxytiolin and peritoneal adhesion formation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/noxytiolin-and-peritoneal-adhesion-formation-rec0c0vol8fuh0sbs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"O J A Gilmore","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Bartholomew's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00nh9x179"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C Reid","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9824-5097","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Bartholomew's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00nh9x179"}}],"datePublished":"1976-12-01","abstract":"Clinical and experimental studies have suggested that intraperitoneal noxytiolin prevents adhesion formation. A reliable experimental animal model was therefore established and the effect of noxytiolin on adhesion formation was evaluated in a controlled trial using 80 rats. All 40 rats given Ringer solution developed adhesions, whereas in 7 out of 40 given noxytiolin no adhesions were found (P less than 0-02). Noxytiolin reduced both the total and the mean number of adhesions formed (P less than 0-2) and their mean length of attachment (P less than 0-05). The anti-adhesive effect of noxytiolin may be due to its anticoagulant, cytotoxic or antibacterial properties.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"63","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The British Journal of Surgery"}}},"pageStart":"978","pageEnd":"980","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs.1800631224","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68291497"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/bjs.1800631224"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1034491"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68291497"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/rifampicin-and-breakfast-recof9mjfnroidyvn/","name":"Rifampicin and breakfast","headline":"Rifampicin and breakfast","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/rifampicin-and-breakfast-recof9mjfnroidyvn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Gill GV"}],"datePublished":"1976-11-20","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7995","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Lancet (London, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1135","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(76)91108-9","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0140-6736(76)91108-9"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prenatal-progesterone-and-educational-attainments-reckmjgbxzkuf6ejr/","name":"Prenatal progesterone and educational attainments","headline":"Prenatal progesterone and educational attainments","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prenatal-progesterone-and-educational-attainments-reckmjgbxzkuf6ejr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"K DALTON","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University College Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wrevg56"}}],"datePublished":"1976-11-01","abstract":"Children whose mothers received prenatal progesterone have been shown to be advanced in development at one year and to have greater academic achievement at 9-10 years. This study compares the educational attainments at 17-20 years of 34 progesterone children with 37 normal and 12 toxaemic controls. More progesterone children continued schooling after 16 years compared with controls; a higher proportion left school with 'O' level and 'A' level passes, the average number of passes per child was greater at both levels and more obtained a university place. The best academic results were in those whose mothers had received over 5 grams of prenatal progesterone, and for whom administration commenced before the sixteenth week and treatment lasted longer than eight weeks.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"129","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The British Journal of Psychiatry : the Journal of Mental Science"}}},"pageStart":"438","pageEnd":"442","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.129.5.438","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67862483"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1192/bjp.129.5.438"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"990657"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q67862483"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulation-induction-and-congenital-malformations-rechkklllq6c9p4wk/","name":"Ovulation induction and congenital malformations","headline":"Ovulation induction and congenital malformations","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulation-induction-and-congenital-malformations-rechkklllq6c9p4wk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S Harlap","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hebrew University of Jerusalem","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03qxff017"}}],"datePublished":"1976-10-30","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7992","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Lancet (London, England)"}}},"pageStart":"961","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(76)90921-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43855955"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0140-6736(76)90921-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"62185"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43855955"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-long-term-follow-up-study-of-women-using-different-methods-of-contraception--a-recvrxshrfdfck3pl/","name":"A long-term follow-up study of women using different methods of contraception--an  interim report","headline":"A long-term follow-up study of women using different methods of contraception--an  interim report","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-long-term-follow-up-study-of-women-using-different-methods-of-contraception--a-recvrxshrfdfck3pl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Doll R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sir Richard Doll"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Peto","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8219-5339"},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Johnson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9841-1013"},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Wiggins","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4833-7998","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R DOLL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Vessey","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Primary Health Care","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03djtgh02"}}],"datePublished":"1976-10-01","abstract":"Summary In 1968, a prospective study was started in collaboration with the Family Planning Association to try to provide a balanced view of the beneficial and harmful effects of different methods of contraception. This investigation is now in progress at seventeen clinics and over 17,000 women are under observation. At the time of recruitment, all these women were married white British subjects, aged 25–39 years, who voluntarily agreed to participate. Fifty-six per cent were using oral contraceptives, 25% were using a diaphragm and 19% were using an intrauterine device (IUD). During follow-up each woman is questioned at return visits to the clinic and a record of pregnancies and their outcome, hospital referrals (inpatient or outpatient), changes in contraceptive methods and the results of cervical smears, is accumulated. Women who default are sent a postal questionnaire and, if this is not returned, are telephoned or visited in their homes to collect the necessary information. So far, data obtained during 56,000 woman-years of observation are available for analysis. Follow-up has been maintained with an annual lapse rate of about 0.3%due to withdrawal of co-operation or loss of contact; adherence to the method of contraception in use at recruitment has been reasonably good, and the reporting of pregnancies and hospital admissions appears to have been both reliable and unbiased. The present data include only 24 deaths, so the mortality associated with different contraceptive methods cannot yet be estimated. With regard to morbidity, however, our preliminary results closely resemble those obtained in the prospective study carried out by the Royal College of General Practitioners (1974) and in the principal retrospective studies carried out in Britain and the United States. Women who used oral contraceptives at the start of the study experienced a deficiency of hospital referrals for cancer, benign lesions of the breast, menstrual disorders other than amenorrhoea, duodenal ulcer, and retention cysts of the ovary; they showed an excess of referrals for cerebrovascular disease, cervical erosion, skin disorders, self-poisoning, migraine, venous thrombosis and embolism, hayfever, gallbladder disease, amenorrhoea, and sterility. Women who used a diaphragm showed a deficiency of hospital referrals for carcinoma-in-situ and dysplastic lesions of the cervix uteri and accidental injury; and an excess of referrals for haemorrhoids and cystitis. Women who used an IUD experienced an excess of hospital referrals for anaemia, varicose veins and salpingitis. About half of these differences (12 out of 23) were predicted from other studies while some suggestive evidence already existed for a further five. Of the remaining six, some probably reflect the influence of selective factors or chance. Multiple pregnancies, stillbirths, malformations, the sex ratio and birthweight showed no consistent relationship to method of contraception. The outcome of unplanned pregnancies occurring in women using an IUD, however, was remarkably unfavourable both in terms of ectopic gestation and miscarriage. Clear evidence was found of impairment of fertility after discontinuation of oral contraceptives. Whether this is likely to lead to permanent sterility in some women is uncertain. The study has provided data on the efficacy of a wide variety of contraceptive methods. In general the failure rates are in keeping with those obtained in other large-scale studies, save that those for the diaphragm and the sheath are much lower than those usually quoted. The available evidence does not yet allow a final balance to be struck between the benefits and risks associated with the new methods of contraception that have become widely used during the last two decades. It seems clear, however, that there are no material risks associated with the use of the diaphragm apart from the risk of pregnancy and that there may be some unintended benefits.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Biosocial Science"}}},"pageStart":"373","pageEnd":"427","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021932000010890","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44079961"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1017/s0021932000010890"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"993236"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44079961"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/urogenital-tract-abnormalities-in-sons-of-women-treated-with-diethylstilbestrol-reclgw9nnhijprwkk/","name":"Urogenital tract abnormalities in sons of women treated with diethylstilbestrol","headline":"Urogenital tract abnormalities in sons of women treated with diethylstilbestrol","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/urogenital-tract-abnormalities-in-sons-of-women-treated-with-diethylstilbestrol-reclgw9nnhijprwkk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Cosgrove M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Baptista J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Aldrich J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Townsend D"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Mack TM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Benton B","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6782-8151"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hart W","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4635-1896"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Brian E Henderson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}}],"datePublished":"1976-10-01","abstract":"Since in utero exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES) is known to cause abnormalities of the female genital tract later in life, exposed male offspring were located, surveyed by mail, and compared with unexposed male offspring from the same period and medical practices. The exposed and unexposed respondents appeared comparable and did not differ in their response to most medical questions. However, a larger proportion of exposed than of unexposed boys had experienced problems in passing urine (12.9% vs. 1.8%, P = .0003) and abnormalities of the penile urethra (4.4% vs. 0%; P = .017).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"58","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Pediatrics"}}},"pageStart":"505","pageEnd":"507","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/breast-cancer-in-britain-and-japan-plasma-oestradiol-17beta-oestrone-and-progest-recyey7hdhpmmfbh4/","name":"Breast cancer in Britain and Japan: plasma oestradiol-17beta, oestrone and progesterone,and their urinary metabolites in normal British and Japanese women","headline":"Breast cancer in Britain and Japan: plasma oestradiol-17beta, oestrone and progesterone,and their urinary metabolites in normal British and Japanese women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/breast-cancer-in-britain-and-japan-plasma-oestradiol-17beta-oestrone-and-progest-recyey7hdhpmmfbh4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R D Bulbrook"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Y Wang","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5768-9178"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J L Hayward","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Breast Cancer Now","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qa92s63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"O Abe","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8319-1695","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Keio University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02kn6nx58"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S Kumaoka"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Swain","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2404-8186","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04v8djg66"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"O Takatani"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Utsunomiya","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tokyo Medical and Dental University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/051k3eh31"}}],"datePublished":"1976-09-01","abstract":"The plasma concentrations of oestrone, oestradiol-17β and progesterone, and the urinary excretion of oestrone, oestradiol-17β, oestriol and pregnanediol have been determined in normal Japanese and British adolescent, pre-menopausal, menopausal and post-menopausal women.\nThe amounts of plasma oestrogen in British and Japanese women were not significantly different except in the adolescent group. In this latter category the mean level of plasma oestrone and oestradiol-17β in the luteal phase was significantly higher in Japanese compared with British women. The mean excretion of urinary oestrogens in the two races was similar for all age groups studied, as was plasma progesterone and urinary pregnanediol.\nThe mean ratio of oestriol to oestrone and oestradiol-17β for Japanese was higher than that for British women in the two pre-menopausal groups, although the difference was not statistically significant. The difference in the incidence rates of breast cancer in Britain and Japan does not appear to be related to differences in plasma levels of oestrogens or progesterone.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"European Journal of Cancer"}}},"pageStart":"725","pageEnd":"735","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-2964(76)90023-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45239509"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0014-2964(76)90023-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"971695"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q45239509"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/update-on-the-safety-and-efficacy-of-clomiphene-citrate-as-a-therapeutic-agent-recq9ihszdzl7plla/","name":"Update on the safety and efficacy of clomiphene citrate as a therapeutic agent","headline":"Update on the safety and efficacy of clomiphene citrate as a therapeutic agent","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/update-on-the-safety-and-efficacy-of-clomiphene-citrate-as-a-therapeutic-agent-recq9ihszdzl7plla/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Asch RH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R B GREENBLATT","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Augusta University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012mef835"}}],"datePublished":"1976-09-01","abstract":"Fifteen years have passed since our group first proposed the use of clomiphene citrate as an ovulation-inducing agent. Our 15-year experience with over 2,000 patients has not dampened our enthusiasm for this drug. The benefits have far outweighted the minor side effects or the possibility of multiple births. Serious birth defects were minimal and have been no greater than what one may expect in the general population. Clomiphene citrate has been a boon to womankind and deserves the confidence of both patient and physician: it is a drug with a record of utility and with but minor risks.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Reproductive Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"175","pageEnd":"180","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/suboptimal-pregnancy-outcome-among-women-with-prior-abortions-and-premature-birt-recwegby6djikvtu0/","name":"Suboptimal pregnancy outcome among women with prior abortions and premature births","headline":"Suboptimal pregnancy outcome among women with prior abortions and premature births","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/suboptimal-pregnancy-outcome-among-women-with-prior-abortions-and-premature-birt-recwegby6djikvtu0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"David R. Meldrum","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9431-7257","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02mfxdp77"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S J Funderburk","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02mfxdp77"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Guthrie","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02mfxdp77"}}],"datePublished":"1976-09-01","abstract":"Data from 25,958 consecutive UCLA deliveries were analyzed to determine the effect of prior abortions and premature births on current pregnancy outcome. Perinatal death rate, combining stillbirths and neonatal deaths, increased more than threefold among women with at least one prior premature in birth and at least one prior abortion and approached 18 per cent of current deliveries when there were three or more prior premature births. Abnormal live births, defined as infants with either birth weight under 2,501 grams, gestational age less than 37 weeks, or congenital anomalies, significantly increased as the number of prior abortions and premature births increased, each in a range of 0 through 3 or more. For example, among women with at least three prior premature births, there were greater than 50 per cent abnormal live births. The risk was mostly that of low birth weight and low gestational age, although there was a slight increase in congenital anomalies. The risk was reduced considerably when there were previous term births and was influenced variably by race, clinic classification, maternal illness, and prior pregnancy complications. This empirical data on pregnancy outcome should be useful in reproductive counseling among women with pregnancy losses and premature births.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"126","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"55","pageEnd":"60","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(76)90465-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46389368"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(76)90465-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"961747"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46389368"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-maternal-progesterone-supplementation-of-fetal-placental-and-corpus-l-reclhq6lcakdpj952/","name":"Effects of maternal progesterone supplementation of fetal, placental and corpus luteal weights in the rat","headline":"Effects of maternal progesterone supplementation of fetal, placental and corpus luteal weights in the rat","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-maternal-progesterone-supplementation-of-fetal-placental-and-corpus-l-reclhq6lcakdpj952/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R K Bartholomeusz","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Western Australia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047272k79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N W Bruce","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Western Australia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/047272k79"}}],"datePublished":"1976-08-01","abstract":"Progesterone, at five times normal 24 h endogenous production rates, was administered daily to 37 rats over Days 2 to 10, 11 to 17 or 2 to 21 of gestation: term is Day 23. Peanut oil, the vehicle, was administered alone to 18 control rats over Days 2 to 21. The effect of treatment on fetal, placental and corpus luteal weights was examined on Day 22 of gestation. The administration of progesterone had no apparent effect on the maternal weight gain with pregnancy, myometrial, fetal or placental weights. No external malformations or abnormalities of the internal genitalia were detected in any of the fetuses examined. The mean number of dead fetuses per litter, 0.72 ± 0.19 (SEM) in the control rats, was significantly increased to 1.57 ± 0.34 and 2.25 ± 0.54 in rats treated with progesterone over Days 11 to 17 and 2 to 21 respectively. Male fetuses were about 7.4 percent heavier than female fetuses in the control rats but this difference was significantly less in rats treated with progesterone over Days 11 to 17(3.4 percent). Progesterone treatment had no apparent effect on the mean corpus luteal weight per rat. Over all groups combined, the mean corpus luteal weight was negatively related to the number of corpora lutea per rat. This relationship was unlikely to have been due to local nutritional or overcrowding factors since there was no apparent relationship between corpus luteal weight and the number of corpora lutea in the one ovary.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Biology of Reproduction"}}},"pageStart":"84","pageEnd":"89","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod15.1.84","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67783634"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1095/biolreprod15.1.84"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"953114"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q67783634"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cervical-mucus-and-identification-of-the-fertile-phase-of-the-menstrual-cycle-recblrmzw7kamtfwm/","name":"Cervical mucus and identification of the fertile phase of the menstrual cycle","headline":"Cervical mucus and identification of the fertile phase of the menstrual cycle","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cervical-mucus-and-identification-of-the-fertile-phase-of-the-menstrual-cycle-recblrmzw7kamtfwm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Anna M. Flynn","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham","sameAs":"https://ror.org/048emj907"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Flynn A","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5338-5360","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S S Lynch","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Birmingham Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00xe5zs60"}}],"datePublished":"1976-08-01","abstract":"Nine healthy fertile women were studied during 29 menstrual cycles. A cervical mucus grading system, assessed by the patient and used in conjunction with basal body temperature, was correlated with plasma levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), oestradiol and plasma progesterone. The results show that a patient can be taught to predict the time of ovulation by observing the changes in the cervical mucus.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"83","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"656","pageEnd":"659","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1976.tb00906.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67783187"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1471-0528.1976.tb00906.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"952797"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q67783187"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/circulating-maternal-serum-progesterone-in-high-risk-pregnancies-rec6wllr1eztsdo2s/","name":"Circulating maternal serum progesterone in high-risk pregnancies","headline":"Circulating maternal serum progesterone in high-risk pregnancies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/circulating-maternal-serum-progesterone-in-high-risk-pregnancies-rec6wllr1eztsdo2s/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M Y Dawood","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4847-5446","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"KK Women's and Children's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0228w5t68"}}],"datePublished":"1976-07-15","abstract":"Serum progesterone was measured by competitive protein-binding assay in 331 cases of normal pregnancy ranging from 6 to 42 weeks. Serial estimations of serum progesterone were performed in nine cases of severe hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, eight cases of twin pregnancy, three cases of twin pregnancy complicated by severe hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, three cases of triplet pregnancy, three cases of previous bad obstetric history, one case of anencephaly, and seven cases of intrauterine fetal death. Serum progesterone remained within normal range in severe hypertensive disorder of pregnancy and the levels were indistinguishable in cases of fetal growth retardation from those without growth retardation. In twin and triplet pregnancies, serum progesterone was within normal range or elevated and was usually higher than normal in twin pregnancies after weeks 33 to 34. Serum progesterone levels were normal in anencephalic pregnancy and in most cases of intrauterine fetal death. The findings are discussed with reference to placental hormonal activity. It is concluded that serum progesterone is a poor index of placental function.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"125","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"832","pageEnd":"840","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(76)90859-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44151593"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(76)90859-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"937410"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44151593"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-patterns-in-conceptual-cycles-and-early-pregnancy-recumngxg9wxicvgt/","name":"Hormonal patterns in conceptual cycles and early pregnancy","headline":"Hormonal patterns in conceptual cycles and early pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-patterns-in-conceptual-cycles-and-early-pregnancy-recumngxg9wxicvgt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Eileen A. Michie","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chalmers University of Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040wg7k59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C S Corker","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Chalmers University of Technology","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040wg7k59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Hobson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7912-8449","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Hertfordshire"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Parboosingh","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Edinburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90"}}],"datePublished":"1976-06-01","abstract":"Androstenedione, testosterone, progesterone and human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) in plasma and total oestrogens, luteinizing hormone (LH) and HCG in urine were measured in five women during conceptual cycles and in early pregnancy. There were increased levels in plasma and urine of all the hormones measured between 12 to 48 days after ovulation except progesterone. The concentration of this hormone in plasma decreased during this time. The possible sources of these hormones in early pregnancy are discussed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"83","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"489","pageEnd":"494","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1976.tb00871.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44194148"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1471-0528.1976.tb00871.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"776208"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44194148"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/circulating-hormone-concentrations-in-women-with-breast-cancer-rec6hj29mmtacdvmu/","name":"Circulating hormone concentrations in women with breast cancer","headline":"Circulating hormone concentrations in women with breast cancer","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/circulating-hormone-concentrations-in-women-with-breast-cancer-rec6hj29mmtacdvmu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"I J McFadyen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7931-8008","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Edinburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R J Prescott","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Edinburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G V Groom","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tenovus Cancer Care","sameAs":"https://ror.org/041t5x242"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A.P.M. Forrest"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M P Golder","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tenovus Cancer Care","sameAs":"https://ror.org/041t5x242"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D R Fahmy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4004-1727","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cairo University"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K Griffiths","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4863-8367","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Edinburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90"}}],"datePublished":"1976-05-22","abstract":"Multiple plasma-hormone concentrations were measured in sequential plasma-samples from six women with breast cancer and were compared to concentrations in six control women matched for age, years since menopause, and parity. All hormone concentrations in all the women studied were within normal limits. However, within the normal range the plasma-testosterone concentrations in each cancer patient were significantly higher than in each matched control.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7969","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Lancet (London, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1100","pageEnd":"1102","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(76)90064-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39377958"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0140-6736(76)90064-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"57508"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39377958"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-luteal-phase-defect-recgxbtnrrbujvgmj/","name":"The luteal phase defect","headline":"The luteal phase defect","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-luteal-phase-defect-recgxbtnrrbujvgmj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Edward E. Wallach"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G S Jones","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}}],"datePublished":"1976-04-01","abstract":"In summary, the luteal phase defect is a deficiency of corpus luteum progesterone steroidogenesis, either in amount or duration, or both. The clinical manifestations include either primary infertility or repeated first trimester abortions. The diagnosis can only be made clinically on the basis of a well-timed endometrial biopsy that is read histologically as 2 or more days out of phase with the next period in at least two cycles.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"27","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"351","pageEnd":"356","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)41769-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48393753"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)41769-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1269800"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q48393753"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/strength-duration-characteristics-of-estrogen-effects-on-gonadotropin-response-t-recpx82jkk0bbxc3j/","name":"Strength-duration characteristics of estrogen effects on gonadotropin response to gonadotropin-releasing hormone in women. II. Effects of varying concentrations of estradiol","headline":"Strength-duration characteristics of estrogen effects on gonadotropin response to gonadotropin-releasing hormone in women. II. Effects of varying concentrations of estradiol","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/strength-duration-characteristics-of-estrogen-effects-on-gonadotropin-response-t-recpx82jkk0bbxc3j/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R B Jaffe","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J R Young","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Francisco","sameAs":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54"}}],"datePublished":"1976-03-01","abstract":"This study was designed to investigate the effect of varying concentrations of estradiol, administered to normal women, upon the gonadotropin response to synthetic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH or LRF). Beginning at 4 pm on the first day of the menstrual cycle, 19 studies were performed in subjects who received injections of estradiol benzoate (E2B every 12 h for 6 days). Concentrations of E2B administered (mug/kg/12 h) were: 0.3, 0.6, 1.25, 2.5, 3.75, and 5.0. Mean serum estradiol concentrations achieved at these respective concentrations of E2B were 43, 53, 91, 145, 195, and 305 pg/ml. Twelve h after the last E2B injection, an intravenous bolus of 100 mug GnRH was administered. Gonadotropin response to this dose of GnRH after E2B was compared with each subject's response in the early follicular phase of a previous (control) cycle during which no exogenous estradiol was administered.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"42","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"432","pageEnd":"442","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-42-3-432","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48401207"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jcem-42-3-432"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"767352"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q48401207"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-progesterone-prostaglandin-f2alpha-and-its-analogue-ici-81008-on-the--reclvigv9hcjoakmb/","name":"Effects of progesterone, prostaglandin F2alpha and its analogue ICI 81008 on the excitability and threshold of the uterus","headline":"Effects of progesterone, prostaglandin F2alpha and its analogue ICI 81008 on the excitability and threshold of the uterus","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effects-of-progesterone-prostaglandin-f2alpha-and-its-analogue-ici-81008-on-the--reclvigv9hcjoakmb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A I Csapo"}],"datePublished":"1976-02-15","abstract":"Forty-eight uterine strips were excised from 24 New Zealand white rabbits and studied in vitro. Sixteen strips were examined when eight animals were 25 days pregnant, 24 strips when 12 animals were about 12 hours postpartum, and eight strips about 12 hours after four animals received a single dose of 5 mg. progesterone (P) at spontaneous delivery. When after repeated exposures to electric fields (60 cycles per second, alternating current, of optimum strength, four seconds' duration at intervals of 30 seconds) the approximately 0.5 Gm. strips developed approximately 40-50g wall tension (WT) in steady state, the field strength was reduced in graded steps from 12 v per 5 cm. to 10, 8, 6, 4 and 3 v per 5 cm. and WT recorded. By measuring the effect on WT of \"decreasing electric field stimulation\" (DEFS), myometrical excitably and threshold were characterized and quantitated. The technique is based on the relationship between the fraction of myometrial cells activated in the total cell population and WT. As the stimulus is decreased in graded steps from optimal to increasingly suboptimal, DEFS activates fewer and fewer cells reflected by the decrease in WT. Threshold is defined by the strength of the minimum electric field which provokes WT and subthreshold by the field strength which fails to excite. Thus fractional WT averages the excitability of cells in the tissue and thus DEFS characterizes this important parameter of uterine function and quantitates threshold under a variety of regulatory conditions. The comparative study of excised uteri in three different endocrine states showed that the regulatory conditions of normal pregnancy (P levels 9 ng. per milliliter) suppressed excitability and increased threshold (to 6 v per 5 cm.). Post partum (P levels 1 ng. per milliliter) excitability increased and threshold decreased (to 4 v per 5 cm.), unless P treatment prevented this characteristic change by suppressing excitability and increasing threshold (to 6 v per 5 cm.). Both regulatory agents, prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha) and its analogue ICI 81008, increased excitability and decreased threshold significantly in picogram per milliliter concentrations. However, this effect was observed only when the P levels were low. These compounds had little effect, even in manogram per milliliter concentrations, when the P levels were high. The studies also revealed a close relationship between threshold and spontaneous uterine activity. Low threshold promoted while high threshold suppressed spontaneous activity. In similar concentrations the oxytocic actions of PGF2alpha and ICI 81008 were similar but the effect of ICI 81008 was prolonged through strong binding at myometrical sites.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"124","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"367","pageEnd":"378","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(76)90095-8","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(76)90095-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"943144"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/amenorrhea-following-oral-contraception-beismovw/","name":"Amenorrhea following oral contraception","headline":"Amenorrhea following oral contraception","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/amenorrhea-following-oral-contraception-beismovw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Evrard JR"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Buxton BH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Erickson D"}],"datePublished":"1976-01-01","abstract":"A prospective study was done on 326 nulliparous women who ceased oral contraception. Follow-up was obtained on 311. The mean age was 20.3 years (SD 2.5). Eighty-nine per cent began menstruating within 60 days after stopping therapy, and only 7 took 180 days or longer to menstruate. Late menarche strongly correlated with post-pill amenorrhea (PPA), but continuous length of time on oral contraceptives and type of oral contraceptive showed no significant relationship. The incidence of PPA was 2.2 per cent. All women did eventually menstruate spontaneously, the longest period of amenorrhea being 540 days. The less the number of years between menarche and the beginning of oral contraceptives, the longer it took these patients to menstruate.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(76)90017-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67432038"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(76)90017-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1244751"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q67432038"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sequential-use-of-clomiphene-citrate-and-human-menopausal-gonadotropin-in-ovulat-recltxbalttwdvlwz/","name":"Sequential use of clomiphene citrate and human menopausal gonadotropin in ovulation induction","headline":"Sequential use of clomiphene citrate and human menopausal gonadotropin in ovulation induction","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/sequential-use-of-clomiphene-citrate-and-human-menopausal-gonadotropin-in-ovulat-recltxbalttwdvlwz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R W KISTNER","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}}],"datePublished":"1976-01-01","abstract":"In an effort to diminish the incidence of multiple pregnancy, ovarian hyper-stimulation syndrome, and the excessive cost of human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG) administration, a sequence of Clomid-HMG-human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) was used in 80 patients with infertility due to prolonged amenorrhea. Criteria for this therapeutic regimen were: (1) normal seminal fluid analysis and postcoital test; (2) lack of withdrawal bleeding from progesterone following amenorrhea of more than 6 months' duration; (3) normal x-ray of the sella turcica and visual fields; (4) low serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels; (5) normal endoscopic examination; and (6) lack of response to clomiphene in excessive dose (200 mg daily for 5 days) or prolonged dose (100 mg daily for 10 days) with or without HCG, or apparent ovulatory response to the above sequence for five or six consecutive cycles without pregnancy. Clomiphene was administered in a dose of 100 mg daily for 7 days. HMG was then given in the following manner: two ampules daily for 4 days, then one ampule daily for 2 days (75 IU of FSH and 75 IU of LH/ampule). After a 24-hour interval without treatment, 10,000 IU of HCG were given and 2000 IU of HCG 4 days later. Twenty-three pregnancies occurred in 80 patients. However, 15 of the first 25 patients became pregnant--in these patients the only abnormality noted was lack of ovulation. Six additional pregnancies occurred subsequent to one or more unsuccessful cycles. Multiple pregnancies occurred in only two patients (twins delivered at 32 weeks in one and an abortion of five fetuses at 20 weeks in another). However, multiple pregnancy did not occur in any patient whose urinary estrogen level was monitored and in whom the level was 100 mug or less when the HCG was given. The ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome did not occur in any patient.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"27","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"72","pageEnd":"82","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)41597-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67432418"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)41597-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1245245"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q67432418"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/infertility-following-wedge-resection-of-the-ovaries-recpuy4pk9avy3p8t/","name":"Infertility following wedge resection of the ovaries","headline":"Infertility following wedge resection of the ovaries","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/infertility-following-wedge-resection-of-the-ovaries-recpuy4pk9avy3p8t/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M E Toaff","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tel Aviv University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mhzgx49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M R Peyser","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tel Aviv University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mhzgx49"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Toaff","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tel Aviv University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04mhzgx49"}}],"datePublished":"1976-01-01","abstract":"Seven cases of polycystic ovarian disease were investigated by laparoscopy and endocrinologic tests after failure of ovarian resection to restore fertility. One case of bilateral and two cases of unilateral ovarian atrophy were recorded. In all seven patients the common features were extensive perivarian and peritubal adhesions. Four of the six patients amenable to cure were submitted to reconstructive surgery; three of them conceived and had normal deliveries. The present observations support the plea to relegate the surgical approach to a minor position in patients with Stein-Leventhal syndrome and stress the importance of meticulous surgical technique in the performance of ovarian surgery. Laparoscopic investigation is mandatory in all cases of unsuccessful ovarian resection.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"124","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"92","pageEnd":"96","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(76)90018-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44355342"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(76)90018-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1244752"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44355342"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/outcome-of-pregnancy-after-clomiphene-therapy-recc3fevwx5jlhiji/","name":"Outcome of pregnancy after clomiphene therapy","headline":"Outcome of pregnancy after clomiphene therapy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/outcome-of-pregnancy-after-clomiphene-therapy-recc3fevwx5jlhiji/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bengt Källen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8249-8804"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Ahlgren","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Lund University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012a77v79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G Rannevik","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Lund University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012a77v79"}}],"datePublished":"1976-01-01","abstract":"Of 159 pregnancies conceived after clomiphene therapy, 141 ended in childbirth, including seven sets of twins. There was a probable increase in the number of infants born with major malformations. These were exclusively to women who had not previously borne a normal infant. The incidence of malformed infants compares well with that published after gonadotropin therapy. The possibly higher incidence of malformations seen after drug-induced ovulation would therefore seem to be due to the underlying subfertility state and thus not a direct drug effect.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"55","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica"}}},"pageStart":"371","pageEnd":"375","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3109/00016347609158516","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67829310"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3109/00016347609158516"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"973567"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q67829310"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/atlas-of-the-ovulation-method-the-mucus-patterns-of-fertility-and-infertility-rec4t80zkesec0qkw/","name":"Atlas of the Ovulation Method: the Mucus Patterns of Fertility and Infertility","headline":"Atlas of the Ovulation Method: the Mucus Patterns of Fertility and Infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/atlas-of-the-ovulation-method-the-mucus-patterns-of-fertility-and-infertility-rec4t80zkesec0qkw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Catarinich M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"E L Billings","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ozarka College"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J J Billings","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9513-4057","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Vincent's HospitalMelbourne"}}],"datePublished":"1976-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polyphenols-food-sources-and-bioavailability-recnruqmorn2ybi3w/","name":"Polyphenols: food sources and bioavailability","headline":"Polyphenols: food sources and bioavailability","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/polyphenols-food-sources-and-bioavailability-recnruqmorn2ybi3w/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Unnamed record"},{"@type":"Person","name":"大木 稔文","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hellenic Petroleum (Greece)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/003g9tn92"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"増田 官太郎","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hellenic Petroleum (Greece)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/003g9tn92"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"園浦 利雄","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hellenic Petroleum (Greece)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/003g9tn92"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"坂部 長正","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hellenic Petroleum (Greece)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/003g9tn92"}}],"datePublished":"1976-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nippon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho"},"sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3950/jibiinkoka.79.10_1093","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3950/jibiinkoka.79.10_1093"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-recf3b5dcnxp8ooid/","name":"Natural family planning","headline":"Natural family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/natural-family-planning-recf3b5dcnxp8ooid/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Dunn HP"}],"datePublished":"1975-12-24","abstract":"A personal series of 600 private patients using natural family planning techniques is presented. The total failure rate was 4.7 pregnancies per 100 woman-years. The advantages of this method over conventional contraceptive techniques are stressed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"82","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"554","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New Zealand Medical Journal"}}},"pageStart":"407","pageEnd":"408","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/identification-of-two-related-pentapeptides-from-the-brain-with-potent-opiate-ag-rech7gztajipay0mj/","name":"Identification of two related pentapeptides from the brain with potent opiate agonist activity","headline":"Identification of two related pentapeptides from the brain with potent opiate agonist activity","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/identification-of-two-related-pentapeptides-from-the-brain-with-potent-opiate-ag-rech7gztajipay0mj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Joel W. Hughes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6476-6588"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Terry Smith"},{"@type":"Person","name":"B A Morgan"},{"@type":"Person","name":"L A Fothergill","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Aberdeen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016476m91"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Hughes","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9102-6132"},{"@type":"Person","name":"H W Kosterlitz"},{"@type":"Person","name":"H R Morris","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Imperial College London","sameAs":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10"}}],"datePublished":"1975-12-18","abstract":"Enkephalin, a natural ligand for opiate receptors is composed of the pentapepides H-Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Met-OH and H-Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu-OH. The evidence is based on the determination of the amino acid sequence of natural enkephalin by the dansyl-Edman procedure and by mass spectrometry followed by synthesis and comparison of the natural and synthetic peptides.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"258","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5536","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nature"}}},"pageStart":"577","pageEnd":"580","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1038/258577a0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34134593"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/258577a0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1207728"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34134593"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/obstacles-to-family-planning-practice-in-urban-morocco-recq8h9ldmhlaxart/","name":"Obstacles to family planning practice in urban Morocco","headline":"Obstacles to family planning practice in urban Morocco","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/obstacles-to-family-planning-practice-in-urban-morocco-recq8h9ldmhlaxart/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mernissi F"}],"datePublished":"1975-12-01","abstract":"Sixty in-depth interviews with mothers living in a urban slum of Morocco probed resistances to practicing modern methods of fertility control and began to shed light on some of the reasons family planning programs often fail to reach illiterate target populations. Economic insecurity and the disintegration of the support networks of the traditional extended family complicate the difficult lives of young mothers in the urban slum. While such factors tend to encourage smaller families, the uncertainties and complexities of the socioeconomic structure contribute to the problems blocking access to modern methods of fertility control.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Studies in Family Planning"}}},"pageStart":"418","pageEnd":"425","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormone-may-curb-premature-births-recywlbck2cqkxs3k/","name":"Hormone May Curb Premature Births","headline":"Hormone May Curb Premature Births","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormone-may-curb-premature-births-recywlbck2cqkxs3k/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Associated Press Omaha World Herald"}],"datePublished":"1975-10-13","abstract":"RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTHormone may curb premature birthsCite this: Chem. Eng. News 1975, 53, 41, 4–5Publication Date (Print):October 13, 1975Publication History Published online7 November 2010Published inissue 13 October 1975https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v053n041.p004aCopyright © 1975 American Chemical SocietyArticle Views4Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (249 KB) SUBJECTS:Pharmaceuticals Get e-Alerts","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"53","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"41","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Chemical & Engineering News Archive"}}},"pageStart":"4","pageEnd":"5","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v053n041.p004a","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1021/cen-v053n041.p004a"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-of-17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone-caproate-in-the-prevention-of-premature--recrphnwds3mjawcw/","name":"Efficacy of 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate in the prevention of premature labor","headline":"Efficacy of 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate in the prevention of premature labor","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/efficacy-of-17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone-caproate-in-the-prevention-of-premature--recrphnwds3mjawcw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"John Johnson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05cb1k848"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Karl Austin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05cb1k848"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G H Davis","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05cb1k848"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G S Jones","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T M King","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05cb1k848"}}],"datePublished":"1975-10-02","abstract":"We conducted a double-blind study to determine the efficacy of 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate in preventing premature delivery in 43 high-risk patients. Premature delivery did not occur in 18 patients receiving the progestational agent, whereas 41 per cent of the 22 receiving the palcebo had premature delivery (P less than 0.01). The mean duration of pregnancy and the mean birth weight in the former group (38.6 weeks +/- 1.6 S.D., and 2836 g +/- 412 S.D.) were both significantly greater (P less than 0.025) than that in the latter (35.2 weeks +/- 6.7 S.D.; 2361 g +/- 1085 S.D.). The perinatal mortality rate in the group given the progestational agent (O per cent) was significantly less than that observed in the placebo group (27 per cent) (P less than 0.05). Although there were no complications attributable to the progestational drug, the study population was too small for assessment of immediate or long term safety. However, the results indicate a possible obstetric use for this drug.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"293","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The New England Journal of Medicine"}}},"pageStart":"675","pageEnd":"680","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM197510022931401","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29012124"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1056/NEJM197510022931401"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1099445"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q29012124"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/excretion-of-progesterone-metabolites-and-estriol-in-faeces-from-pregnant-women--rech2ylfipkubj2al/","name":"Excretion of progesterone metabolites and estriol in faeces from pregnant women during ampicillin administration","headline":"Excretion of progesterone metabolites and estriol in faeces from pregnant women during ampicillin administration","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/excretion-of-progesterone-metabolites-and-estriol-in-faeces-from-pregnant-women--rech2ylfipkubj2al/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Juha E. Peltonen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4733-8784","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Helsinki University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02e8hzf44"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"T Laatikainen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6614-4782","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Helsinki University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02e8hzf44"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Adlercreutz"},{"@type":"Person","name":"F Martin","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3421-4408","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Helsinki University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02e8hzf44"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Peltonen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5782-3089","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Oriola Corporation"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Pulkkinen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3216-6748","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Turku University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dbzj528"}}],"datePublished":"1975-09-01","abstract":"Progesterone metabolites and estriol were determined in urine and faeces collected daily from three pregnant women (33–37 weeks) before and during ampicillin administration (2 g/day orally).\nTwo of the three subjects showed marked changes in their faecal steroid excretion during ampicillin administration: the faecal progesterone-metabolite pattern changed from containing 69–79% unconjugated metabolites and 19–26% glucuronides under control conditions, to high steroid sulphate content (28–44%); the faecal elimination of 3β-hydroxy-5α-pregnan-20-one and 5α-pregnane-3β,20α-diol glucuronide all but ceased; two 16α-hydroxylated progesterone metabolites were detected in significant amounts in faeces during ampicillin administration but not under normal conditions. Steroid sulphate hydrolysis, epimerization of 3α,5αto 3β,5α-steroids and 16α-dehydroxylation are all well known actions of intestinal bacteria on biliary steroids. It thus seems clear that the changes found in the faecal progesterone metabolite pattern are due to the reduction of the intestinal flora by ampicillin.\nUnder control conditions the bulk of the faecal estriol was unconjugated. During ampicillin administration this excretion remained unchanged but in addition large quantities of conjugated estriol appeared in the faeces, apparently as a result of inhibition of bacterial deconjugation.\nAmpicillin administration also caused decreased urinary excretion of estriol and pregnanediol glucuronide. It seems likely that these well documented effects of ampicillin on urinary steroid excretion are caused by an interruption of the enterohepatic circulation of steroids which results from the inhibition of intestinal steroid metabolism described above.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Steroid Biochemistry"}}},"pageStart":"1339","pageEnd":"1346","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-4731(75)90363-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44569935"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0022-4731(75)90363-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1181489"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44569935"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/retrospective-and-prospective-epidemiological-studies-of-1500-karyotyped-spontan-reczmge3fz8znffyp/","name":"Retrospective and prospective epidemiological studies of 1500 karyotyped spontaneous human abortions","headline":"Retrospective and prospective epidemiological studies of 1500 karyotyped spontaneous human abortions","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/retrospective-and-prospective-epidemiological-studies-of-1500-karyotyped-spontan-reczmge3fz8znffyp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J Boué"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Boué","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Château de Longchamp","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02txsgf39"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bou A"},{"@type":"Person","name":"P Lazar","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Inserm","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261"}}],"datePublished":"1975-08-01","abstract":"Epidemiologic studies, retrospective and prospective, were done on 1500 abortions collected from 1966-1972. No secular or seasonal variations were observed. From the analysis of the relative frequencies of the different types of chromsome anomalies it is estimated that 1 out of every 2 conceptions has a chromosome anomaly. Maternal-age influence was found only for the autosomal trisomy group, mainly D and G trisomies. No effect of oral contraceptives were discovered. An increased frequency of chromosome anomalies occurred after ovulation-inducing therapy and after occupational exposure of the father to irradiation. No variations in the fertility rate and in the frequency of congenital malformations in births following abortions was noted. The incidence of recurring abortion was mainly influenced by the reproductive history of the couple before the karyotyped abortion.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Teratology"}}},"pageStart":"11","pageEnd":"26","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/tera.1420120103","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67265730"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/tera.1420120103"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1162621"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q67265730"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mechanism-of-action-of-narcotics-in-the-production-of-menstrual-dysfunction-in-w-reciuzy4pxg6thqsw/","name":"Mechanism of action of narcotics in the production of menstrual dysfunction in women","headline":"Mechanism of action of narcotics in the production of menstrual dysfunction in women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mechanism-of-action-of-narcotics-in-the-production-of-menstrual-dysfunction-in-w-reciuzy4pxg6thqsw/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Santen FJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sofsky J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Bilic N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lippert R"}],"datePublished":"1975-06-01","abstract":"The ability of morphine to block ovulation in animals prompted investigation of the frequency and mechanisms of menstrual abnormalities in women addicted to narcotic analgesics. Menstrual histories obtained from 76 former heroin addicts receiving daily methadone maintenance revealed that more than one-half of these women had experienced menstrual abnormalities while taking heroin or methadone. In order to determine the specific physiologic effects of narcotic analgesics on reproductive function, detailed endocrinologic studies were carried out in seven of these patients who complained of amenorrhea or irregular menses while receiving methadone. Four of the seven women manifested abnormalities of the control of gonadotropin secretion. Three of these four failed to exhibit cyclic gonadotropin release, as evidenced by an absence of increased levels of follicular phase follicle-stimulating hormone, midcycle gonadotropin peaks or luteal phase progesterone increments. In the fourth patient a prolonged follicular phase (30 days) of the menstrual cycle was detected. One of these four patients also had low basal gonadotropin levels and failed to exhibit luteinizing hormone increments greater than control levels in response to ethinyl estradiol (positive feedback). The remaining three women exhibited normal patterns of gonadotropin secretion during the observation period. In these women, menstrual bleeding occurred in response to withdrawal from luteal phase (10 to 20 ng/ml) progesterone levels and to exogenous ethinyl estradiol, suggesting normal uterine responsivity to progesterone and estrogen. Although not documented, it is likely that oligo-ovulation was the cause of the irregular menses in these three patients. Amenorrhea is commonly associated with methadone ingestion or heroin addiction and appears to be related to an alteration of the hypothalamic mechanisms controlling gonadotropin secretion. Tolerance to these effects of methadone may develop after chronic ingestion.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"26","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"538","pageEnd":"548","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/personality-patterns-of-couples-practicing-the-temperature-rhythm-method-of-birt-recpewaknp8lkl1jz/","name":"Personality patterns of couples practicing the temperature-rhythm method of birth  control","headline":"Personality patterns of couples practicing the temperature-rhythm method of birth  control","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/personality-patterns-of-couples-practicing-the-temperature-rhythm-method-of-birt-recpewaknp8lkl1jz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Claude A. Lanctot","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"African Federation for Emergency Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0489p2588"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F J Rice","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fairfield University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04z49n283"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Tolor","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fairfield University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04z49n283"}}],"datePublished":"1975-05-01","abstract":"Psychological data was obtained from 1009 couples located in 5 countries who were practicing the temperature-rhythm method of birth control. In the U.S., survey instruments were distributed to 160 couples by mail with a 58% (92) return rate of completed questionnaires. The educational attainment of both men and women exceeded senior high school. Most wives were not gainfully employed, and 87% of the wives indicated that religious beliefs were considered important. The average couple had employed the rhythm method for 4 years and 9 months at the time of the survey. Independently, both husbands and wives completed a Byrne's Revised Repression-Sensitization scale, Rotter's I-E scale, and Attitude Toward Sex scale, a Reaction to the Temperature-Rhythm Method scale, and a sexual behavior inventory. Data indicated that the rhythm method was acceptable despite difficulties with periods of abstinence, with 84% regarding abstinence as relatively difficult or very diffiucult. Other results indicated that there was a relatively low response concordance between husbands and wives, and that couples who had pregnancies with the method or had abandoned the method had more liberal sexual attitudes than those who did not have pregnancies and continued the method.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Sex Research"}}},"pageStart":"119","pageEnd":"133","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/00224497509550885","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39242861"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/00224497509550885"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1142744"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39242861"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/circulating-estradiol-estrone-and-gonadotropin-levels-following-the-administrati-rec8zpcy8su1tih2u/","name":"Circulating estradiol, estrone and gonadotropin levels following the administration of orally active 17beta-estradiol in postmenopausal women","headline":"Circulating estradiol, estrone and gonadotropin levels following the administration of orally active 17beta-estradiol in postmenopausal women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/circulating-estradiol-estrone-and-gonadotropin-levels-following-the-administrati-rec8zpcy8su1tih2u/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S. S. C. YEN","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Andre Burnier","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Greaney MO Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M. O. GREANEY","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M R Callantine","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"N M Czekala","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P L Martin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48"}}],"datePublished":"1975-03-11","abstract":"Ingestion of a single tablet containing 2 mg micronized 17beta-estradiol (E-2) produced marked increases in the serum concentrations of E-2 and estrone (E-1) in 9 postmenopausal women. The rise in circulating E-2 became significant within 2 h, reached a maximum (110 pg/ML; 437% increase) at 5 h, and remained significantly elevated at 8 h posttreatment. By 24 h, the serum E-2 concentration was not significantly different than baseline. In contrast, a more rapid (within 1 h) and pronounced (4-fold) increase in the serum concentration of E-1 was observed. This rise continued until a peak (467 pg/ml; 2000%) was reached 6 h posttreatment. Thereafter, the serum E-1 concentration declined progressively but was still significantly elevated (140 pg/ml; P smaller than 0.01) 24 h after treatment. Serum concentrations of FSH AND LH were significantly decreased within 6 and 3 h, respectively and both gonadotropins remained significantly suppressed 24 h following the ingestion of E-2. The ratios of circulating E-1: E-2 reported herein (ca. 3-6) were much higher than those observed by other investigators following iv E-2 (I.E., smaller than 1). Thus the data indicate that micronized E-2 peros is readily absorbed and that during this process a significant portion of the hormone is converted to E-1 by the gstrointestinal tract. In addition, 2 mg oral E-2 exerts significant biologic activity as assessed by serum gonadotropin suppression.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"40","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"518","pageEnd":"521","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-40-3-518","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56030093"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jcem-40-3-518"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"1117058"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q56030093"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormones-in-human-pregnancy-iv-plasma-progesterone-recumy4gmktz358tu/","name":"Hormones in human pregnancy. IV. Plasma progesterone","headline":"Hormones in human pregnancy. IV. Plasma progesterone","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormones-in-human-pregnancy-iv-plasma-progesterone-recumy4gmktz358tu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"D M Okada","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Torrance Memorial Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0480v3r94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Tulchinsky","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UCLA Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vq5kb54"}}],"datePublished":"1975-02-01","abstract":"The plasma concentration of progesterone (P) has been measured by radioimmunoassay in maternal peripheral vein (M.P.V.) at early pregnancy and in M.P.V. umbilical artery (U.A.) and umbilical vein (U.V.) at term pregnancy. In early preganacy marked hour-to-hour fluctuation of plasma progesterone was noted. At term pregnancy plasma P levels of U.V. were higher than those of U.A. and the umbilical venous arterial differences of plasma P did not differ between male and femal fetuses. Administration of hydrocortisone and ACTH to patients scheduled to undergo cesarean section had no effect on M.P.V., U.A., and U.V. plasma P concentration. On the basis of the differences between U.V. and U.A. plasma P concentrations and reported umbilical flow it was estimated that the secretion rate of P into the fetal circulation is approximately 23 mg. per 24 hr. and would amount to approximately 10 per cent of the reported total daily production rate of P at term pregnancy. The fraction of P which is unbound to the plasma proteins was estimeated by equilibrium dialysis at 37 degrees C. The per cent unbound P in M.P.V. plasma of pregnant patients at term was not different from that of nonpregnant patients but was 40 per cent lower than that in umbilical cord plasma (P LESS THAN 0.01), and the ratio between the concentrations of unbound P and estradiol in M.P.V. increased as pregnancy progressed. Plasma P in re-eclamptic patients who subsequently sustained intrauterine fetal death had no value in assessing placental function.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"121","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"293","pageEnd":"299","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(75)90001-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39920110"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(75)90001-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"163589"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39920110"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/isolation-and-characterization-of-5alpha-pregnane-320-dione-and-progesterone-in--reckb7e3uckihfy8y/","name":"Isolation and characterization of 5alpha-pregnane-3,20-dione and progesterone in pepipheral blood of pregnant women. measurement throughout pregnancy","headline":"Isolation and characterization of 5alpha-pregnane-3,20-dione and progesterone in pepipheral blood of pregnant women. measurement throughout pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/isolation-and-characterization-of-5alpha-pregnane-320-dione-and-progesterone-in--reckb7e3uckihfy8y/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Milewich L"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Madden JD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Gomez-Sanchez C","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5733-4349","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P C MacDonald","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05byvp690"}}],"datePublished":"1975-01-01","abstract":"5alpha-Pregnane-3,20-dione and progesterone were isolated from a pregnancy plasma pool and were identified by using a combination of chromatographic techniques and mass spectrometry. Antibodies to progesterone were obtained in rabbits by immunization with progesterone-1alpha-carboxyethyl-thioether-thyroglobulin. The raised antibodies were of high affinity and one of them cross-reacted (137%) with 5alpha-pregnane-3,20-dione. This property was used to develop radioimmunoassays for measuring circulating levels of both progesterone and 5alpha-pregnane-3,20-dione in pregnancy plasma. The levels of both progesterone and 5alpha-pregnane-3,20-dione increase throughout pregnancy, but a highly significant increase is observed only after the 32nd week of gestation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Gynecologic Investigation"}}},"pageStart":"291","pageEnd":"306","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluation-of-ovulation-and-corpus-luteum-function-using-measurements-of-plasma--recwqdjkrjw59sesh/","name":"Evaluation of ovulation and corpus luteum function using measurements of plasma progesterone","headline":"Evaluation of ovulation and corpus luteum function using measurements of plasma progesterone","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluation-of-ovulation-and-corpus-luteum-function-using-measurements-of-plasma--recwqdjkrjw59sesh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Maroulis GB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G E Abraham"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J R Marshall","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8921-3253","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UCLA Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vq5kb54"}}],"datePublished":"1974-10-01","abstract":"To develop a practical yet statistically valid means of indicating ovulation and adequacy of corpus luteum function concentrations of plasma progesterone (P) were measured daily during the luteal phase of 30 normal and abnormal menstrual cycles. During a normal cycle any 3 P measurements taken from 11 days before the first day of the following menses (M) to Day M-4 gave a total equal to or greater than 15 ng/ml. An abnormal cycle was considered one in which the total P (for 3 measurements) was less than 15 ng. Individual levels were often at 3 ng/ml in normal cycle and above 3 ng/ml in abnormal cycles indicating that the single P measurement proposed by Israel et. al. would not always be valid.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"44","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"522","pageEnd":"525","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-concentrations-in-the-sera-of-patients-with-intact-and-aborted-hyda-rec4znd92ycrgy0ev/","name":"Progesterone concentrations in the sera of patients with intact and aborted hydatidiform moles","headline":"Progesterone concentrations in the sera of patients with intact and aborted hydatidiform moles","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-concentrations-in-the-sera-of-patients-with-intact-and-aborted-hyda-rec4znd92ycrgy0ev/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M Y Dawood","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4847-5446","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"KK Women's and Children's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0228w5t68"}}],"datePublished":"1974-08-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"119","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"911","pageEnd":"918","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(74)90006-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68690239"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(74)90006-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"4366792"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68690239"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulatory-failure-in-a-normal-population-and-in-patients-with-breast-cancer-rect4ys5n3zdnvnkz/","name":"Ovulatory failure in a normal population and in patients with breast cancer","headline":"Ovulatory failure in a normal population and in patients with breast cancer","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulatory-failure-in-a-normal-population-and-in-patients-with-breast-cancer-rect4ys5n3zdnvnkz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R D Bulbrook"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J L Hayward","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Breast Cancer Now","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02qa92s63"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Swain","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2404-8186","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04v8djg66"}}],"datePublished":"1974-08-01","abstract":"The luteal phase plasma progesterone levels of 341 control patients were compared with those in 25 patients with early and 12 patients with advanced breast cancer. There was a significant increase of ovulatory failure and luteal deficiency in patients with advanced breast cancer.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"81","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the British Commonwealth"}}},"pageStart":"640","pageEnd":"643","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1974.tb00531.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q53801405"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1471-0528.1974.tb00531.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"4418083"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q53801405"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lowdosage-clomiphene-therapy-in-the-treatment-of-infertility-due-to-defective-ov-fmwlxmgg/","name":"Low-dosage clomiphene therapy in the treatment of infertility due to defective ovulation","headline":"Low-dosage clomiphene therapy in the treatment of infertility due to defective ovulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lowdosage-clomiphene-therapy-in-the-treatment-of-infertility-due-to-defective-ov-fmwlxmgg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Barrett CT"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hakim CA"}],"datePublished":"1974-07-17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"48","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"34","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde"}}},"pageStart":"1456","pageEnd":"8","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54322024","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"4853045"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q54322024"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/low-dosage-clomiphene-therapy-in-the-treatment-of-infertility-due-to-defective-o-recalgrz7nzva49ot/","name":"Low-dosage clomiphene therapy in the treatment of infertility due to defective ovulation","headline":"Low-dosage clomiphene therapy in the treatment of infertility due to defective ovulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/low-dosage-clomiphene-therapy-in-the-treatment-of-infertility-due-to-defective-o-recalgrz7nzva49ot/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Barrett CT"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hakim CA"}],"datePublished":"1974-07-17","abstract":"Summary: The use of clomiphene in gradually increasing doses, in cases of infertility due to anovulation, oligo-ovulation and inadequate luteal phase, led to a high pregnancy rate, particularly in the initial stages of treatment. Although clomiphene is a relatively safe and inexpensive drug, there is a possibility that high doses in repeated cycles may adversely affect fertility by its anti-oestrogenic effect. It is therefore suggested that therapy be commenced with a lower dosage than that generally recommended.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"48","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"34","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"South African Medical Journal = Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif Vir Geneeskunde"}}},"pageStart":"1456","pageEnd":"1458","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/measurement-of-serum-lh-fsh-estradiol-and-progesterone-in-disorders-of-the-human-recfaaabgx4fzz91w/","name":"Measurement of serum LH, FSH, estradiol and progesterone in disorders of the human menstrual cycle: the inadequate luteal phase","headline":"Measurement of serum LH, FSH, estradiol and progesterone in disorders of the human menstrual cycle: the inadequate luteal phase","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/measurement-of-serum-lh-fsh-estradiol-and-progesterone-in-disorders-of-the-human-recfaaabgx4fzz91w/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S G Korenman","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2749-1298","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04g2swc55"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B M Sherman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04g2swc55"}}],"datePublished":"1974-07-01","abstract":"The irregular menses experienced by obese and/or hirsute women were studied by daily measurement of serum LH, FSH, estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P). During 8 cycles of 24 to 157 days, each episode of menstrual bleeding was preceded by hormonal evidence of follicular maturation and corpus luteum formation. The premenstrual fluctuations of LH and E2 were not different from those observed in normal cycles. Although the luteal phase was of more than 10 days' duration, progesterone secretion was subnormal during each cycle. Serum FSH was low throughout the time preceding the LH/FSH surge. These data suggest that inadequate corpus luteum progesterone secretion may be characteristic of the menstrual cycles in oligomenorrheic, obese infertile women.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"39","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"145","pageEnd":"149","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-39-1-145","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69782040"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jcem-39-1-145"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"4835128"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69782040"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estrogen-and-progesterone-in-plasma-in-relation-to-premenstrual-tension-rece5b23tnjqupvqu/","name":"Estrogen and progesterone in plasma in relation to premenstrual tension","headline":"Estrogen and progesterone in plasma in relation to premenstrual tension","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estrogen-and-progesterone-in-plasma-in-relation-to-premenstrual-tension-rece5b23tnjqupvqu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Torbjörn Bäckström","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0907-3535","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Umeå University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05kb8h459"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Carstensen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5736-4695","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Umeå University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05kb8h459"}}],"datePublished":"1974-05-01","abstract":"Plasma concentration of estrogen and progesterone were measured during the last 6 days of the menstrual cycle in women with premenstrual tension, and compared with a group of healthy women. Those women with anxiety as the main symptom (PMT-a) had significantly higher estrogen levels on days 5-2 before the onset of menstruation. On days 6-4 they had lower levels of progesterone. Estrogen-progesterone ratios were significantly higher on days 6-3 before menstruation. The PMT-a group also showed increases in body wt. during the last days of the menstrual cycle.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Steroid Biochemistry"}}},"pageStart":"257","pageEnd":"260","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-4731(74)90139-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44657348"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0022-4731(74)90139-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"4859320"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44657348"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-progesterone-and-17-hydroxyprogesterone-caproate-on-normal-corpus-lute-rec9oyhs1jslxfci3/","name":"Effect of progesterone and 17-hydroxyprogesterone caproate on normal corpus luteum function","headline":"Effect of progesterone and 17-hydroxyprogesterone caproate on normal corpus luteum function","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/effect-of-progesterone-and-17-hydroxyprogesterone-caproate-on-normal-corpus-lute-rec9oyhs1jslxfci3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S Aksel","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of South Alabama","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01s7b5y08"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G S Jones","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}}],"datePublished":"1974-02-15","abstract":"A group of infertility patients were evaluated by an endometrial biopsy, timed with a basal body temperature chart, serum luteinizing hormone radioimmunassay to pinpoint ovulation, and daily serum progesterone values during a control and a treatment cycle. Progesterone in the suppository or intramuscular form and 17-hydroxyprogesterone caproate* were administered during the luteal phase to a group of volunteer patients with normal corpus luteum function to determine if these compounds would depress serum progesterone levels as do certain progestational agents. There was no apparent inhibition of corpus luteum function as no decrease in progesterone production occurred. Despite the additive effect of progesterone administration demonstrated by elevated serum levels, endometrial biopsies remained in phase when dated from the estimated day of ovulation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"118","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"466","pageEnd":"472","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9378(16)33685-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69736134"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0002-9378(16)33685-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"4812567"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69736134"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/significant-fall-in-progesterone-and-rise-in-oestradiol-levels-in-human-peripher-recufjn9jaigqbrl3/","name":"Significant fall in progesterone and rise in oestradiol levels in human peripheral plasma before onset of labour","headline":"Significant fall in progesterone and rise in oestradiol levels in human peripheral plasma before onset of labour","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/significant-fall-in-progesterone-and-rise-in-oestradiol-levels-in-human-peripher-recufjn9jaigqbrl3/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A. D. Turnbull","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3974-8393","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"John Radcliffe Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0080acb59"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A B Anderson"},{"@type":"Person","name":"A P Flint"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Y Jeremy"},{"@type":"Person","name":"P T Patten"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Marc J. N. C. Keirse","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"KU Leuven","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05f950310"}}],"datePublished":"1974-01-26","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7848","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Lancet (London, England)"}}},"pageStart":"101","pageEnd":"103","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(74)92337-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34202577"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0140-6736(74)92337-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"4130306"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34202577"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/plasma-progesterone-levels-in-normal-and-abnormal-pregnancies-recyykgd8lj6j6fhz/","name":"Plasma progesterone levels in normal and abnormal pregnancies","headline":"Plasma progesterone levels in normal and abnormal pregnancies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/plasma-progesterone-levels-in-normal-and-abnormal-pregnancies-recyykgd8lj6j6fhz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bo Lindberg","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Uppsala University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01apvbh93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Elof D. B. Johansson"},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Nilsson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8206-204X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Umeå University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05kb8h459"}}],"datePublished":"1974-01-01","abstract":"Plasma progesterone levels were estimated by competitive protein binding in 815 samples from healthy pregnant women with uncomplicated pregnancies. This series includes 32 patients who were followed serially throughout pregnancy. The mean level increased from 47 ng/ml in week 22 to 148 ng/ml in week 41. The spread was large. Individual patients showed very large variations between two consecutive weeks.\nDiurnal variations were examined in 7 patients and short-time variations during one hour in 5 patients. Large but non-systematic variations were found in most cases. The maximal difference between values observed over a 24-hour-period was 123 ng/ml and during one hour 150 ng/ml.\nPlasma progesterone levels were studied in 87 cases of toxemia of pregnancy, 6 cases of hypertension, 54 cases of Rh-immunization, 37 cases of diabetes and 5 cases of fetal growth retardation of unknown origin. The results indicate that no constant changes occur in plasma progesterone levels in these groups or in cases of impending fetal death.\nAs the normal limits are very wide, the intraindividual variations large, and the progesterone values in high risk pregnancies are inconclusive, plasma progesterone estimates during the latter part of pregnancy seem to be of limited value.\nDuring human pregnancy large amounts of progesterone are produced by the placenta (1, 14). The production rate during the third trimester lies between 200 and 300 mg/day (9). Part of the progesterone produced is metabolized to pregnanediol and excreted in the urine as the 3-glucuronidate (16). The percentage of conversion to pregnanediol seems to vary with the stage of gestation and is influenced by pathological alterations in risk pregnancies (2, 5).\nLarge day to day variations in the urinary pregnanediol levels have been found. It is thus hardly surprising that the clinical value of serial determinations of urinary pregnanediol in late pregnancy has been limited.\nRecently useful methods for the assay of progesterone in plasma have been developed and applied to physiological and clinical studies. A number of reports dealing with the prognostic value of progesterone determinations in complicated pregnancies have been published (8, 12, 17). The number of cases investigated is, however, small and the results are, in many respects, inconclusive. The aim of the present investigation was to determine the normal limits during the latter half of uncomplicated pregnancies, circadian and short-time variations, and to evaluate the prognostic value of progesterone determinations in plasma in high risk pregnancies.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"53","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica"}}},"pageStart":"329","pageEnd":"335","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3109/00016347409157747","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68357829"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3109/00016347409157747"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"4216240"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68357829"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/levels-of-prostaglandins-in-human-endometrium-during-the-normal-menstrual-cycle-vngvzuor/","name":"Levels of prostaglandins in human endometrium during the normal menstrual cycle","headline":"Levels of prostaglandins in human endometrium during the normal menstrual cycle","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/levels-of-prostaglandins-in-human-endometrium-during-the-normal-menstrual-cycle-vngvzuor/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Downie J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Poyser NL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wunderlich M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4821-4003"}],"datePublished":"1974-01-01","abstract":"The levels of prostaglandins in the human endometrium throughout the normal menstrual cycle were measured by bioassay. The identity of prostaglandin F2alpha and prostaglandin E2 in endometrial tissue extracts was established by combined gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The levels of prostaglandin F2alpha and prostaglandin E2 are low during the proliferative phase of the cycle (10-25 ng/100 mg tissue). Prostaglandin F2alpha rises significantly during the luteal phase to levels of 65-75 ng/100 mg of tissue. Prostaglandin E2 levels are similar to prostaglandin F2alpha levels in the proliferative phase but remain lower during the luteal phase. The prostaglandin E2 level is highest at menstruation (52 ng/100 mg tissue). The implications of these findings are discussed in relation to the menstrual process and to the steroid hormonal changes during the cycle.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Physiology"},"sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1974.sp010446","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80319940"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1113/jphysiol.1974.sp010446"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q80319940"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recollections-of-my-life-with-progesterone-reco08s3rec8b3xgg/","name":"Recollections of my life with progesterone","headline":"Recollections of my life with progesterone","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/recollections-of-my-life-with-progesterone-reco08s3rec8b3xgg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"W M Allen"}],"datePublished":"1974-01-01","abstract":"This paper gives in narrative style those phases of the corpus luteum story in which the author was an active participant. The first part deals with the exciting days at the University of Rochester where the pure hormone was isolated in 1933 and where many of the effects of the hormone on target tissues were elucidated. The origin of the name, progesterone, is given as a fine example of international cooperation in the selection of a name which has been universally accepted. The accidental discovery of the ‘Blue Color Test’ for DHIA and the development of the Allen-Correction at Washington University in St. Louis are recounted as sideline adventures in science. The final part recounts the steps, extending over a period of 40 years, which have clarified the role of the human corpus luteum in pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Gynecologic Investigation"}}},"pageStart":"142","pageEnd":"182","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1159/000301649","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52444889"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1159/000301649"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"4615052"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q52444889"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/water-and-electrolytes-in-human-cervical-mucus-jfmd84bd/","name":"Water and electrolytes in human cervical mucus","headline":"Water and electrolytes in human cervical mucus","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/water-and-electrolytes-in-human-cervical-mucus-jfmd84bd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Kopito LE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kosasky HJ"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Sturgis SH"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lieberman BL"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shwachman H"}],"datePublished":"1973-07-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"499","pageEnd":"506","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54377543","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"4715224"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q54377543"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-ovulation-method-of-family-planning-rec56fg0kpmkx6jxb/","name":"The ovulation method of family planning","headline":"The ovulation method of family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-ovulation-method-of-family-planning-rec56fg0kpmkx6jxb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"France JT"}],"datePublished":"1973-06-01","abstract":"The ovulation method of family planning relies on self-recognition of physiological changes occuring around time of ovulation rather than a calendar to enable a couple to avoid sexual intercourse during the fertile period. The most practical signs are elevated basal body temperature, changes in the amount and physicochemical properties of cervical mucus, and ovulation pain. The basal body temperature rises about .3 degrees C following ovulation. The problem with this method is that it is retrospective. The mucus symptoms, as described by Billings and associates in Melbourne, Australia, are: 1) a variable number of days with no vaginal discharge following menstrual bleeding; 2) onset of mucus symptoms characterized by increasing quantities of ''cloudy'' or ''sticky'' secretion; 3) a clear, slippery lubricative mucus having the characteristics of raw white of egg (spinnbarkeit), which is an immediate forwarning of ovulation; 4) a variable period of thick, opaque, diminished volume discharge followed by dry days. The clear ''peak symptom'' mucus lasts 1-2 days; in a study of 22 women followed for 27 cycles this symptom occurred .9 days +3 or -2 days before ovulation. The problem is that 2 of the 22 cycles reported in detail had ovulation 3 days after the peak symptom and 1 had ovulation 4 days after. Intercourse on the 4th day, therefore, would have had a significant risk of pregnancy. Weissman and associates collected data on 282 women on the Pacific island of Tonga who used the mucus symptoms alone to control conception. In the 2503 cycles there were 53 unplanned pregnancies, 25.4 per 100 woman-years using the Pearl formula. 50 resulted from the couples ''taking a chance,'' 2 misunderstood the method, 28 abandoned the method because they wanted more children, and 1 woman became pregnant even though she thought she understood the method. Field trials with groups who are more motivated than those in the Tongan trial are needed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"IPPF Medical Bulletin"}}},"pageStart":"2","pageEnd":"3","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cycle-pattern-and-pregnancy-rate-following-combined-clomiphene-estrogen-therapy-recyemokvhnippgzk/","name":"Cycle pattern and pregnancy rate following combined clomiphene-estrogen therapy","headline":"Cycle pattern and pregnancy rate following combined clomiphene-estrogen therapy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cycle-pattern-and-pregnancy-rate-following-combined-clomiphene-estrogen-therapy-recyemokvhnippgzk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Insler"},{"@type":"Person","name":"H Zakut"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Serr Dm"},{"@type":"Person","name":"V Insler","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaplan Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t0n9020"}}],"datePublished":"1973-04-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"41","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"602","pageEnd":"607","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69579083","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"4735315"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69579083"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oestriol-and-prevention-of-breast-cancer-rec9uo6sapj1o3j7l/","name":"Oestriol and prevention of breast cancer","headline":"Oestriol and prevention of breast cancer","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/oestriol-and-prevention-of-breast-cancer-rec9uo6sapj1o3j7l/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"HenryM. Lemon","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Nebraska Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00thqtb16"}}],"datePublished":"1973-03-10","abstract":"Findings of estriol protective action against chemical carcinogens used to induce breast cancer in laboratory animals.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7802","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Lancet (London, England)"}}},"pageStart":"546","pageEnd":"547","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(73)90353-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q93733809"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0140-6736(73)90353-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"4119971"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q93733809"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-influence-of-fetal-sex-on-the-levels-of-plasma-progesterone-in-the-human-fet-recbftzqge3rp0hqc/","name":"The influence of fetal sex on the levels of plasma progesterone in the human fetus","headline":"The influence of fetal sex on the levels of plasma progesterone in the human fetus","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-influence-of-fetal-sex-on-the-levels-of-plasma-progesterone-in-the-human-fet-recbftzqge3rp0hqc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"F C Hagemenas","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oregon","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0293rh119"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G W Kittinger","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Oregon","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0293rh119"}}],"datePublished":"1973-02-01","abstract":"Progesterone levels in the human fetoplacental unit at term were determined by a competitive protein binding method. Progesterone levels in the umbilical vein were always higher than in the umbilical artery. The concentration of progesterone in the umbilical vein of male and female fetuses was identical. However, the umbilical venous-arterial difference in progesterone levels was significantly greater in female than in male fetuses. The fetal genotype therefore may affect the fate of progesterone available to the fetus.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"36","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"389","pageEnd":"391","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-36-2-389","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69470135"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jcem-36-2-389"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"4683191"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69470135"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-prevention-of-postoperative-pelvic-adhesions-following-conservative-operativ-recmpfkuda8lfylsl/","name":"The prevention of postoperative pelvic adhesions following conservative operative treatment for human infertility. A final 3-year follow-up report","headline":"The prevention of postoperative pelvic adhesions following conservative operative treatment for human infertility. A final 3-year follow-up report","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-prevention-of-postoperative-pelvic-adhesions-following-conservative-operativ-recmpfkuda8lfylsl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Horne HW Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Clyman M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Debrovner C"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Griggs G"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kistner R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kosasa T"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stevenson CS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Taymor M"}],"datePublished":"1973-01-01","abstract":"A combination of Decadreon (dexamethasone) and Phenergan (promethazine) was tested in this collaborative study of 240 infertility patients as a means of preventing postoperative adhesion formation after simple pelvic surgery. 24 patients were lost to follow-up. The overall pregnancy rate among the 240 patients was 51.7% (124): 49% with primary infertility and 58% with secondary infertility conceived after surgery. 90 full-term deliveries were recorded, 27 spontaneous abortions occurred, and 7 ectopic gestations were conceived. In all, 31 cases were reinspected for various reasons after the drug treatment postsurgery; 42% showed no adhesions, 23% showed minimal adhesions, and 35% had significant adhesions. Complications coincident with use of the combined medication were seen in 2.2% (11 of 240) patients. Though this study lacked controls, the authors feel thta the use of corticosteroids postoperatively after pelvic intervention may control the numbers of adhesions which form postoperatively.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Fertility"}}},"pageStart":"109","pageEnd":"115","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulation-method-of-family-planning-recddlk1fq5thnls7/","name":"Ovulation method of family planning","headline":"Ovulation method of family planning","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulation-method-of-family-planning-recddlk1fq5thnls7/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J J Billings","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9513-4057","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Vincent's HospitalMelbourne"}}],"datePublished":"1972-12-02","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7788","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Lancet (London, England)"}}},"pageStart":"1193","pageEnd":"1194","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(72)92610-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q93730139"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0140-6736(72)92610-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"4117608"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q93730139"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hyperbradykininism-a-new-orthostatic-syndrome-recuskjibkqa1ndhq/","name":"Hyperbradykininism: a new orthostatic syndrome","headline":"Hyperbradykininism: a new orthostatic syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hyperbradykininism-a-new-orthostatic-syndrome-recuskjibkqa1ndhq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jerilynn C Prior","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3232-0597","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05p83my93"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C B Kerr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6112-2097"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D H Streeten","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4468-0971"},{"@type":"Person","name":"L P Kerr","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0223-070X"},{"@type":"Person","name":"T G Dalakos","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6635-2488"}],"datePublished":"1972-11-18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7786","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Lancet"}}},"pageStart":"1048","pageEnd":"1053","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(72)92337-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33170369"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0140-6736(72)92337-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"4117376"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33170369"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-cervical-score-a-simple-semiquantative-method-for-monitoring-of-the-menstrua-rectas1v7d7bygstp/","name":"The Cervical Score: A Simple Semiquantative Method for Monitoring of the Menstrual Cycle","headline":"The Cervical Score: A Simple Semiquantative Method for Monitoring of the Menstrual Cycle","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-cervical-score-a-simple-semiquantative-method-for-monitoring-of-the-menstrua-rectas1v7d7bygstp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Melmed H"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Eichenbrenner I"},{"@type":"Person","name":"V Insler","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaplan Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t0n9020"}}],"datePublished":"1972-11-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Gynecology &amp; Obstetrics"}}},"pageStart":"223","pageEnd":"228","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1879-3479.1972.tb00857.x","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/j.1879-3479.1972.tb00857.x"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-trial-of-the-ovulation-method-of-family-planning-in-tonga-recjlosxev1xj2jep/","name":"A trial of the ovulation method of family planning in Tonga","headline":"A trial of the ovulation method of family planning in Tonga","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-trial-of-the-ovulation-method-of-family-planning-in-tonga-recjlosxev1xj2jep/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Max Weißmann","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mission Australia","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00w2tje25"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"EvelynL. Billings","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Vincent's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/001kjn539"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J J Billings","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9513-4057","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Vincent's HospitalMelbourne"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L Foliaki"}],"datePublished":"1972-10-14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7781","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Lancet (London, England)"}}},"pageStart":"813","pageEnd":"816","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(72)92164-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q93728395"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0140-6736(72)92164-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"4116246"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q93728395"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-composite-picture-of-the-menstrual-cycle-recsuvuxouophwxmg/","name":"A composite picture of the menstrual cycle","headline":"A composite picture of the menstrual cycle","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-composite-picture-of-the-menstrual-cycle-recsuvuxouophwxmg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"T N Evans","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wayne State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01070mq45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"K S Moghissi","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wayne State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01070mq45"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"F N Syner","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wayne State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01070mq45"}}],"datePublished":"1972-10-01","abstract":"Ten ovulating women were studied to assess the interrelationships of various systemic, hormonal, and reproductive tract changes during normal menstrual cycles. Samples of blood, 24 hour urine specimens, vaginal smears, and cervical mucus were obtained every 2 days preand post-menstrually and daily in mid-cycle. Endometrial biopsies were performed at the onset of or immediately before menstruation, and the basal body temperature was recorded. Data for 10 cycles were fed into a computer, and mean reciprocal relationships were determined. The results were: (1) All endometrial biopsies reflected the late secretory phase; (2) there was a simultaneous mid-cycle surge of luteinizing hormone (LH) and folliclestimulating hormone (FSH), and serum concentrations of FSH and LH were significantly lower in the luteal phase compared to the follicular phase; (3) urinary peaks of estrone, estradiol and total estrogens occurred on the day before and that of estriol occurred on the day of the LH surge; (4) serum progesterone began to rise just before the LH peak, reached a high level 7 days after the LH peak, declined precipitately on Day 9, and rose again on Day 10, to decrease slowly until the onset of menstruation; (5) a significant relationship was observed between the LH peak and the basal body temperature; (6) urinary pregnanediol levels closely paralleled serum progesterone concentrations; (7) vaginal cytology revealed a karyopyknotic index peak the day following the LH peak; (8) properties of cervical mucus showed a remarkable relationship to the ovulatory estrogen peak.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"114","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"405","pageEnd":"418","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(72)90617-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69388462"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(72)90617-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"4637461"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69388462"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-hypothalamus-and-reproduction-recbucbd3ccmm0zld/","name":"The hypothalamus and reproduction","headline":"The hypothalamus and reproduction","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-hypothalamus-and-reproduction-recbucbd3ccmm0zld/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A V Schally","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1273-6747","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tulane University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vmvtb21"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Arimura","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"United States Department of Veterans Affairs","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05rsv9s98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A J Kastin","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Tulane University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vmvtb21"}}],"datePublished":"1972-10-01","abstract":"This article has been designed to review recent developments in the field of hypothalamic hormones involved in the control of reproductive functions. A brief resume of early physiologic and anatomic studies was presented initially to give a better understanding of the concept of hypothalamic regulation of the release of gonadotropic hormones from the pituitary gland. Recently, an advance was achieved with the isolation from porcine hypothalami of a decapeptide which has both FSH-releasing hormone (FSH-RH) activity and LH-releasing hormone (LH-RH) activity. Its amino acid sequence was determined to be (pyro) gluhis-trp-ser-tyr-gly-leu-arg-pro-gly-NH2. The decapeptide corresponding to this structure was synthesized and shown to stimulate the release of LH and of FSH in laboratory and domestic animals and human beings. Natural and synthetic FSH-RH/LH-RH also stimulated the synthesis of both gonadotropins in tissue cultures of rat pituitaries in vitro. It was postulated that this decapeptide represents the hypothalamic hormone which regulates the release of both LH and FSH from the anterior pituitary gland. Complex effects of sex steroids on the release of LH and FSH were reviewed briefly. It was suggested that the over-all control of secretion of FSH and LH is most likely mediated by the interaction of hypothalamic FSHand LH-releasing hormone with sex steroids. Clinical studies performed with natural and synthetic LH-RH/FSH-RH were reviewed. These studies, particularly induction of ovulation, suggest that LH-RH should find practical application in the treatment of sterility. Subsequent synthesis of LH-RH/FSH-RH by several laboratories and drug houses should provide enough material for large-scale clinical evaluation of this hormone. Some comments were made concerning probable clinical use of LH-RH. Finally, some speculations were offered about the possibility of developing new birth control methods based on LH-RH/FSH-RH, its analogues, or its derivatives.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"114","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"423","pageEnd":"442","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(72)90620-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39922129"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(72)90620-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"4567509"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39922129"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/stein-leventhal-syndrome-rec4nhziyh4gm2lnx/","name":"Stein-Leventhal syndrome","headline":"Stein-Leventhal syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/stein-leventhal-syndrome-rec4nhziyh4gm2lnx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A M da Fonseca"},{"@type":"Person","name":"de Paula e Silva P"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Gallucci"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R B Clauzet"},{"@type":"Person","name":"P de Paula e Silva","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5627-3890","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Escola Superior de Educação de Paula Frassinetti"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Galluci"},{"@type":"Person","name":"H W Halbe"}],"datePublished":"1972-09-15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"114","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"280","pageEnd":"281","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(72)90079-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69453573"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(72)90079-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"4673811"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q69453573"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endocrine-profiles-in-premenstrual-tension-recpyavzbpu4fmyyc/","name":"Endocrine profiles in premenstrual tension","headline":"Endocrine profiles in premenstrual tension","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endocrine-profiles-in-premenstrual-tension-recpyavzbpu4fmyyc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Alec Coppen","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University College Cork","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03265fv13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R J Daly","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8072-5199","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University College Cork","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03265fv13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D A Adamopoulos","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University College Cork","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03265fv13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J A Loraine","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University College Cork","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03265fv13"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S F Lunn","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University College Cork","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03265fv13"}}],"datePublished":"1972-07-01","abstract":"Summary: Studies on pituitary and ovarian function as assessed by the urinary output of total gonadotrophic activity, the three classical oestrogens, pregnanediol and, in some cases, testosterone and epitestosterone, were conducted in eight patients suffering from premenstrual tension. Major abnormalities in endocrine function were not a feature of the condition. Ovulation, as judged by pregnanediol assays, was absent in seven out of the fifteen cycles investigated. Contrary to traditional belief, the symptoms of premenstrual tension could exist in the presence of cycles with anovulatory hormonal patterns.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinical Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"283","pageEnd":"292","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2265.1972.tb00400.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64974856"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1365-2265.1972.tb00400.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"4677133"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q64974856"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-applicability-of-labor-inhibition-to-the-problem-of-prematurity-rec6mqn5iaawwdqtg/","name":"The applicability of labor inhibition to the problem of prematurity","headline":"The applicability of labor inhibition to the problem of prematurity","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-applicability-of-labor-inhibition-to-the-problem-of-prematurity-rec6mqn5iaawwdqtg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"F J Zlatnik","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NewYork–Presbyterian Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03gzbrs57"}}],"datePublished":"1972-07-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"113","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"704","pageEnd":"706","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(72)90642-4","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54305216"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(72)90642-4"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"4652774"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q54305216"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/outcome-of-pregnancy-after-induced-ovulation-follow-up-of-pregnancies-and-childr-rec9j8t4o0vc04xja/","name":"Outcome of pregnancy after induced ovulation. Follow-up of pregnancies and children born after clomiphene therapy","headline":"Outcome of pregnancy after induced ovulation. Follow-up of pregnancies and children born after clomiphene therapy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/outcome-of-pregnancy-after-induced-ovulation-follow-up-of-pregnancies-and-childr-rec9j8t4o0vc04xja/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Brish M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Serr Dm"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Salomy M"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hack M","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9823-4769"},{"@type":"Person","name":"V Insler","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Kaplan Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00t0n9020"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Lunenfeld","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sheba Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/020rzx487"}}],"datePublished":"1972-06-05","abstract":"Eighty-six women reached at least 20 weeks' pregnancy in 96 instances, after ovulation induced by clomiphene citrate. Although 37 of the women had 44 previous pregnancies, there had been a high pregnancy wastage (70.5%) producing only 13 live infants prior to the successful clomiphene therapy. After clomiphene therapy, pregnancies were normal except for a high incidence of toxemia (16.7%) and a possibly increased incidence of prediabetes. The pregnancies resulted in 88 single and 8 twin births. The total fetal and neonatal loss was 6.7%. The loss of single births (3.1%) included two stillbirth infants of prediabetic mothers. The twin loss of 25% was due to prematurity. The incidence of congenital malformations was within normal limits.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"220","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA"}}},"pageStart":"1329","pageEnd":"1333","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-personal-factors-on-the-use-of-the-basal-body-temperature-method-o-rec1ahdbvep4wuzwq/","name":"The effect of personal factors on the use of the basal body temperature method of  regulating births","headline":"The effect of personal factors on the use of the basal body temperature method of  regulating births","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-personal-factors-on-the-use-of-the-basal-body-temperature-method-o-rec1ahdbvep4wuzwq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"John Marshall","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6372-9294"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J R Marshall","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8921-3253","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UCLA Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vq5kb54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Rowe","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of London","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04cw6st05"}}],"datePublished":"1972-06-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"23","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"417","pageEnd":"421","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)39008-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51318792"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)39008-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"5030872"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q51318792"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/plasma-estrone-estradiol-estriol-progesterone-and-17-hydroxyprogesterone-in-huma-recyufftnzi7ghibl/","name":"Plasma estrone, estradiol, estriol, progesterone, and 17-hydroxyprogesterone in human pregnancy. I. Normal pregnancy","headline":"Plasma estrone, estradiol, estriol, progesterone, and 17-hydroxyprogesterone in human pregnancy. I. Normal pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/plasma-estrone-estradiol-estriol-progesterone-and-17-hydroxyprogesterone-in-huma-recyufftnzi7ghibl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J R Marshall","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8921-3253","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UCLA Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vq5kb54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C J Hobel","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UCLA Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vq5kb54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Tulchinsky","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UCLA Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vq5kb54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Yeager","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Los Angeles","sameAs":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60"}}],"datePublished":"1972-04-15","abstract":"To describe normal relationships between the various plasma unconjugated estrogens and progesterone during the second half of human pregnancy, the plasma concentrations of progesterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP), and unconjugated estrone (E1), estradiol (E2), and estriol (E3) were measured in 126-310 normal women. Progesterone and unconjugated E1, E2, and E3 increased gradually throughout later pregnancy; 17-OHP increased only after the thirty-third week. At term the mean value of progesterone was 9 times higher than that 17-OHP. Throughout pregnancy the mean value of E2 was higher than that of E1 or E3. During the second half of pregnancy the ratios of progesterone to estradiol and estriol and of estradiol to estriol remained unchanged, indicating no preferential increase of plasma concentration of maternal or fetal hormones.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"112","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1095","pageEnd":"1100","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(72)90185-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70372788"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(72)90185-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"5025870"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70372788"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/single-luteal-phase-serum-progesterone-assay-as-an-indicator-of-ovulation-reczey5zjz2im49py/","name":"Single luteal phase serum progesterone assay as an indicator of ovulation","headline":"Single luteal phase serum progesterone assay as an indicator of ovulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/single-luteal-phase-serum-progesterone-assay-as-an-indicator-of-ovulation-reczey5zjz2im49py/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mishell DR Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Daniel R. Mishell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Israel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6349-2247"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D L Moyer","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S C Stone","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"I H Thorneycroft","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Southern California","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"}}],"datePublished":"1972-04-15","abstract":"A study was undertaken to determine whether solitary progesterone as says performed on serum samples obtained in the midluteal phase would provide the clinician with a convenient indicator that ovulation had occurred in that cycle. After a normal luteal-phase range was establish ed, single luteal-phase serum progesterone sampling was performed in 51 infertile women with regular menses and 35 oligomenorrheic women undergoing clomiphene citrate therapy. In the follicular phase of the cycle, progesterone levels were consistently less than 2 ng/ml. Between 11 and 4 days prior to the onset of menses in presumptively ovulatory cycles, serum progesterone levels were always 3 ng/ml or greater. Progesterone values in this range were always accompanied by a secretory endometrium and can be considered presumptive evidence of ovulation. This rapid, easily performed technique enables 1 technician to assay 30 or more samples for progesterone in a single working day and the results are available within 24 hours. This assay technique is easier to perform and more reproducible than a urinary pregnanediol assay, and it is expected that clinical laboratories will soon perform serum progesterone assays as a routine procedure.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"112","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1043","pageEnd":"1046","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(72)90178-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70348750"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(72)90178-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"5017634"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70348750"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-significance-of-the-human-corpus-luteum-in-pregnancy-maintenance-i-prelimina-recnseuulru3gijxt/","name":"The significance of the human corpus luteum in pregnancy maintenance. I. Preliminary studies","headline":"The significance of the human corpus luteum in pregnancy maintenance. I. Preliminary studies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-significance-of-the-human-corpus-luteum-in-pregnancy-maintenance-i-prelimina-recnseuulru3gijxt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A I Csapo"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Sauvage","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Turku","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05vghhr25"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W G Wiest","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pittsburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M Pulkkinen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3216-6748","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Turku University Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05dbzj528"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Ruttner","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Washington University in St. Louis","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268"}}],"datePublished":"1972-04-15","abstract":"Following the total removal of luteal tissue, circulating plasma progesterone, intrauterine pressure, oxytocin response, and clinical progress in abortion were determined sequentially in 12 first-trimester pregnant patients. 3 patients were ovariectomized for the removal of ovarian cysts and 9 were luteectomized during tubal ligation in an attempt to terminate pregnancy in spontaneous abortion. 7 patients had corpora lutea which averaged 21 plus or minus 1mm in diameter at operation when performed at Day 49 plus or minus 2 (mean S.E.) of pregnancy. These patients responded to ovariectomy or luteectomy by a continuing decrease in progesterone, evolution in intrauterine pressure, oxytocin response, progress in cervical dilitation and, abortion. Abortion occurred with a mean lapse time of 5 plus or minus 1 days after operation. In contrast, 5 patients whose corpora lutea averaged only 11 plus or minus 1mm in diameter when removed at Day 61 plus or minus 4 of pregnancy showed only transient decrease in progesterone after operation. This decrease was followed by an increase in progesterone; no progress in the evolution of intrauterine pressure, oxytocin response, cervical dilatation, and abortion. It appears that so long as the corpus luteum serves as the major source of progesterone, it is indispensable in the maintenance of pregnancy in human subjects as it is in the clinical model animal, the rabbit. However, with the shift of progesterone production from the corpus luteum to the placenta (the luteoplacental shift) the human corpus luteum becomes dispensable. These findings identify the corpus luteum and its secretory product, progesterone, as feasible targets of fertility control strategy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"112","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1061","pageEnd":"1067","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(72)90181-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70348760"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(72)90181-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"5017636"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q70348760"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/symptoms-and-hormonal-changes-accompanying-ovulation-recueqrbufqjh2cft/","name":"Symptoms and hormonal changes accompanying ovulation","headline":"Symptoms and hormonal changes accompanying ovulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/symptoms-and-hormonal-changes-accompanying-ovulation-recueqrbufqjh2cft/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"EvelynL. Billings","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Vincent's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/001kjn539"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"James B. Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7414-6809","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The University of Melbourne","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J J Billings","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9513-4057","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"St Vincent's HospitalMelbourne"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Hansjörg Burger","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1681-7256","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Prince of Wales Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/022arq532"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J P Brown","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1406-4251","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Université Laval","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03"}}],"datePublished":"1972-02-05","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7745","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Lancet (London, England)"}}},"pageStart":"282","pageEnd":"284","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(72)90291-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q93716692"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0140-6736(72)90291-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"4109930"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q93716692"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cervical-mucus-in-human-reproduction-present-state-of-knowledge-recpn4lp5tjww1icv/","name":"Cervical Mucus in Human Reproduction: Present State of Knowledge","headline":"Cervical Mucus in Human Reproduction: Present State of Knowledge","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cervical-mucus-in-human-reproduction-present-state-of-knowledge-recpn4lp5tjww1icv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"World Health Organization"}],"datePublished":"1972-01-01","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteal-phase-defects-diagnosis-and-implications-reczty41lpbxpo6rv/","name":"Luteal Phase Defects: Diagnosis and Implications","headline":"Luteal Phase Defects: Diagnosis and Implications","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteal-phase-defects-diagnosis-and-implications-reczty41lpbxpo6rv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Valarie Montgomery Rice","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Kansas Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036c9yv20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paul F. Terranova","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Kansas Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036c9yv20"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Thomas W Hilgers","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Pope Paul VI Institute for the Study of Human Reproduction, Omaha, Nebraska.","sameAs":"https://ror.org/027jqx654"}}],"datePublished":"1972-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"xPharm: The Comprehensive Pharmacology Reference"},"pageStart":"1","pageEnd":"3","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-008055232-3.60950-x","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/b978-008055232-3.60950-x"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prostaglandin-induced-myometrial-activity-inhibited-by-progesterone-recksuruxsyhcwnij/","name":"Prostaglandin-induced myometrial activity inhibited by progesterone","headline":"Prostaglandin-induced myometrial activity inhibited by progesterone","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prostaglandin-induced-myometrial-activity-inhibited-by-progesterone-recksuruxsyhcwnij/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"H R Behrman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D G Porter","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}}],"datePublished":"1971-08-27","abstract":"PROSTAGLANDINS (PGs) are being used increasingly as abortifacients although their precise mechanism of action is uncertain. One of the compounds frequently used is PGF2α, which has been shown to stimulate the myometrium in vitro1 and in vivo2. Whether or not the direct action of this agent on the uterine muscle alone is responsible for the interruption of pregnancy is not clear, but the long interval between infusion and abortion3 suggests that other mechanisms might be involved; for example, a luteolytic effect4–6. The prompt increase in uterine activity after treatment with prostaglandin, however, argues that the direct effect plays some part in the abortifacient action. Little is known of the influence of other myometrial regulatory agents such as the ovarian steroids on the uterine response to PGs. Accordingly we examined the influence of progesterone on myometrial responses to prostaglandin F2α in the rabbit, a species in which progesterone is known to have a blocking action on the uterine muscle7.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"232","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5313","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nature"}}},"pageStart":"627","pageEnd":"628","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1038/232627a0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59077871"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/232627a0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"4999223"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q59077871"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/stereospecific-and-nonspecific-interactions-of-the-morphine-congener-levorphanol-recwpy9hqebc7gdbj/","name":"Stereospecific and nonspecific interactions of the morphine congener levorphanol in subcellular fractions of mouse brain","headline":"Stereospecific and nonspecific interactions of the morphine congener levorphanol in subcellular fractions of mouse brain","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/stereospecific-and-nonspecific-interactions-of-the-morphine-congener-levorphanol-recwpy9hqebc7gdbj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Andrew Goldstein","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5207-5061","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f54p054"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L I Lowney","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f54p054"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B K Pal","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f54p054"}}],"datePublished":"1971-08-01","abstract":"A METHOD IS DESCRIBED FOR ANALYZING THE ASSOCIATION OF THE OPIATE NARCOTIC LEVORPHANOL WITH BRAIN TISSUE INTO THREE COMPONENTS: nonsaturable, saturable nonspecific, and saturable stereospecific. The method may be of general applicability for the study of the interaction of drugs with body tissues. In mouse brain the stereospecific binding of levorphanol represents only 2% of the total association of drug with tissue, and it was found only in certain membrane fractions. The material responsible for the stereospecific binding might be the opiate receptor.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"68","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"}}},"pageStart":"1742","pageEnd":"1747","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.68.8.1742","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24617460"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1073/pnas.68.8.1742"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"5288759"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q24617460"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-effectiveness-of-oral-and-intrauterine-contraception-recfwejiduov8ihmy/","name":"Use-effectiveness of oral and intrauterine contraception","headline":"Use-effectiveness of oral and intrauterine contraception","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/use-effectiveness-of-oral-and-intrauterine-contraception-recfwejiduov8ihmy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lewitt S","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3859-1382"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C TIETZE","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Population Council","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03zjj0p70"}}],"datePublished":"1971-08-01","abstract":"The use-effectiveness of oral contraception and intrauterine contraception was studied in 3 family planning centers in the United States: Grady Memorial Hospital in Atlanta, Georgia; State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, in Brooklyn; and the Planned Parenthood Center in Buffalo, New York. In each locality 1000 women were selected for the study. 2900 women accepted intrauterine devices (IUDs) or oral contraceptives (OCs) as their first method of contraception. In Brooklyn 3 out of 4 women chose OCs; in Atlanta and Buffalo roughly equal numbers selected each method. The mean age of admission was 25.7 years in Buffalo, 24 years in Brooklyn, and 23.8 years in Atlanta. IUD acceptors were older than those choosing OCs. The difference was greatest in Buffalo (3.3 years) and smallest in Atlanta (.8 years). A special one-page, self-coding questionnaire was designed to collect the information required. In all 3 clinics contraceptive termination rates were markedly lower for the IUDs than for OCs. At 1 year of use for the first method only about one-fourth the women who chose the IUD had discontinued its use. Women on OCs terminated at rates from 10-20% higher. Termination rates for all contraception, both first-method and substitution, were lower than for first-method alone and lower for IUDs than for OCs. The highest continuation rate for all contraception was 92.5% for IUD users in Brooklyn while OC users in Atlanta were at the lowest level at 60.5%. Pregnancy rate studies demonstrated higher failure rates with OCs than with IUDs in all 3 clinics. Statistics by age showed that termination rates for both IUD and OC users declined with age. Women who selected IUDs as their method of contraception were more persistent users of contraception. Even after discontinuing IUD use, they were more likely to adopt another contraceptive method.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"22","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"508","pageEnd":"513","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/peripheral-plasma-progesterone-levels-during-human-pregnancy-and-labor-recw2ehwgibcz7v4i/","name":"Peripheral plasma progesterone levels during human pregnancy and labor","headline":"Peripheral plasma progesterone levels during human pregnancy and labor","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/peripheral-plasma-progesterone-levels-during-human-pregnancy-and-labor-recw2ehwgibcz7v4i/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A I Csapo"},{"@type":"Person","name":"H J van der Molen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4065-6571","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pittsburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W G Wiest","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pittsburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E Knobil","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0481e1q24"}}],"datePublished":"1971-07-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"110","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"630","pageEnd":"632","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(71)90242-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71804444"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(71)90242-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"5563225"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71804444"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/psychology-of-the-misuse-and-rejection-of-contraception-reczjcffugj4ccehy/","name":"Psychology of the misuse and rejection of contraception","headline":"Psychology of the misuse and rejection of contraception","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/psychology-of-the-misuse-and-rejection-of-contraception-reczjcffugj4ccehy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R I Jacobs","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f54p054"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E C Sandberg","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Stanford University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00f54p054"}}],"datePublished":"1971-05-15","abstract":"Some of the psychological influences on contraceptive misuse and rejection are presented, ranging from denial (of the possibility of pregnancy), guilt, sexual identity conflicts, to fear, opportunism (desperation) and iatrogenesis (influence of medical personnel. It is suggested that more attention be focused on these psychological factors as a means to successful population control rather than on the development of the \"ideal\" contraceptive. In discussion 4 doctors varied in their reactions to the authors' premise that social systems which require or allow volitional and individually initiated contraceptive use - as the sole method for population control - will fail to accomplish that goal.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"110","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"227","pageEnd":"242","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(71)90610-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51325322"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(71)90610-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"5574626"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q51325322"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-iud-and-the-pill-extended-use-effectiveness-rec0va5sngaevaxgf/","name":"The IUD and the pill: extended use-effectiveness","headline":"The IUD and the pill: extended use-effectiveness","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-iud-and-the-pill-extended-use-effectiveness-rec0va5sngaevaxgf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarah Lewit","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Population Council","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03zjj0p70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C TIETZE","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Population Council","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03zjj0p70"}}],"datePublished":"1971-04-01","abstract":"The extended use-effectiveness of IUD and oral pills as measured by 1) their theoretical effectiveness 2) consistency of use and 3) continuation of use in preventing unwanted pregnancies was studied for 2900 women who had chosen either method as their first contraceptive in family planning clinics in Atlanta Georgia and in Brooklyn and Buffalo New York for a 12-18 month period. The greater persistence among IUD users to continue the method or use another method and the less likelihood there was of these women to have an unplanned pregnancy (the difference between IUD users and pill users increasing with months of exposure) suggest the necessity of greater support from the clinics to help women using pills prevent unwanted pregnancies. IUD users were generally older than pill acceptors and among IUD contraceptors the greater tendency to continue using the IUD and contraception may indicate that older women use contraception to terminate rather than to space childbirth.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Family Planning Perspectives"}}},"pageStart":"53","pageEnd":"55","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endocrine-control-of-gestational-length-a-time-to-be-born-rec5dbdgh3anhguxy/","name":"Endocrine control of gestational length. A time to be born","headline":"Endocrine control of gestational length. A time to be born","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/endocrine-control-of-gestational-length-a-time-to-be-born-rec5dbdgh3anhguxy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Little AB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Kenneth J. Ryan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, San Diego","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Billiar RB"}],"datePublished":"1971-01-15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"109","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American journal of obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"299","pageEnd":"306","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(71)90879-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71746937"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(71)90879-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"5539125"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71746937"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nuclear-magnetic-resonance-and-cytometric-studies-on-mucus-from-single-cervical--reczm0x5clz9xsad2/","name":"Nuclear magnetic resonance and cytometric studies on mucus from single cervical glands","headline":"Nuclear magnetic resonance and cytometric studies on mucus from single cervical glands","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/nuclear-magnetic-resonance-and-cytometric-studies-on-mucus-from-single-cervical--reczm0x5clz9xsad2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C Rudolfsson"}],"datePublished":"1971-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International Journal of Fertility"}}},"pageStart":"147","pageEnd":"150","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68637312","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"4333449"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q68637312"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-and-20-alpha-dihydroprogesterone-in-human-myometrium-during-pregnan-recnetb0mhbubhqqs/","name":"Progesterone and 20 alpha-dihydroprogesterone in human myometrium during pregnancy","headline":"Progesterone and 20 alpha-dihydroprogesterone in human myometrium during pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-and-20-alpha-dihydroprogesterone-in-human-myometrium-during-pregnan-recnetb0mhbubhqqs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"B. Runnebaum"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J ZANDER","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Philipps University of Marburg","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01rdrb571"}}],"datePublished":"1971-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"150","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta Endocrinologica. Supplementum"}},"pageStart":"3","pageEnd":"45","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"5279327"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/experience-with-induction-of-ovulation-reckflort4h7qxmgu/","name":"Experience with induction of ovulation","headline":"Experience with induction of ovulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/experience-with-induction-of-ovulation-reckflort4h7qxmgu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S C MacLeod"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D M Mitton","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Dalhousie University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A S Parker"},{"@type":"Person","name":"W.R.C. Tupper","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Nova Scotia Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02dtaqx81"}}],"datePublished":"1970-11-01","abstract":"One hundred and thirty-five patients diagnosed as ovulatory failure have been treated in our clinic since 1966. One hundred and eighteen of these have been treated with clomiphene citrate, or more recently, its cisisomer, and 17 patients with long-standing secondary amenorrhea or primary amenorrhea have been treated with human menopausal gonadotropins, in combination with human chorionic gonadotropins. Of the latter group, 14 of the 17 were shown to be capable of response to exogenous gonadotropins and 12 of these ovulated and 7 (50 per cent) became pregnant. The over-all ovulatory rate with clomiphene citrate or its cisisomer was 78 per cent, with a pregnancy rate of 31 per cent. The results of our present investigation with clomiphene citrate in 10 and 20 mg. dosage are presented in detail, and compared with our previous experience with clomiphene. It appears that cisclomiphene 20 mg. is as effective as clomiphene citrate 100 mg., but has the decided advantage of fewer side effects associated with its use. With the human menopausal gonadotrophins, no major complications, such as ovarian overstimulation or multiple pregnancies, were encountered, and we feel this is attributed to careful selection of patients and daily tracking of total urinary estrogens.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"108","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"814","pageEnd":"824","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(70)90550-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47767342"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(70)90550-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"4919303"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47767342"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/plasma-progesterone-secretion-by-the-corpus-luteum-of-term-pregnancy-recnh0yo6joyian0l/","name":"Plasma progesterone secretion by the corpus luteum of term pregnancy","headline":"Plasma progesterone secretion by the corpus luteum of term pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/plasma-progesterone-secretion-by-the-corpus-luteum-of-term-pregnancy-recnh0yo6joyian0l/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"W W Cleveland","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Miami","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02dgjyy92"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"P W Conly","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Miami","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02dgjyy92"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W J LeMaire","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Miami","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02dgjyy92"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"A Moffett","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8367-3600","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Miami","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02dgjyy92"}}],"datePublished":"1970-09-01","abstract":"Plasma progesterone concentration was determined in the maternal peripheral vein, umbilical vein, uterine vein, and both ovarian veins at elective cesarean section in term pregnancy. In 10 cases plasma from both ovarian veins was analyzed. In all but one the ovarian vein draining blood from the corpus luteum contained greater concentrations of progesterone than did the blood from the side without the corpus luteum. It has been suggested for some time that the corpus luteum of pregnancy continues to function throughout pregnancy. Our data appear to support this concept.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"108","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"132","pageEnd":"134","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(70)90217-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54015196"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(70)90217-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"5454578"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q54015196"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/neonatal-estrogen-stimulation-nd-aggressive-behavior-in-female-mice-rec2qniovomonimo5/","name":"Neonatal estrogen stimulation nd aggressive behavior in female mice","headline":"Neonatal estrogen stimulation nd aggressive behavior in female mice","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/neonatal-estrogen-stimulation-nd-aggressive-behavior-in-female-mice-rec2qniovomonimo5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"D A Edwards","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0123-4805","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Emory University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J Herndon","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9433-9520"}],"datePublished":"1970-09-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Physiology & Behavior"}}},"pageStart":"993","pageEnd":"995","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9384(70)90153-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71738397"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0031-9384(70)90153-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"5535484"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71738397"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-short-luteal-phase-rec0lckr3rakovxpr/","name":"The short luteal phase","headline":"The short luteal phase","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-short-luteal-phase-rec0lckr3rakovxpr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C M Cargille","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M B Lipsett","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Cancer Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G T Ross","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Cancer Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C A Strott","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"National Institutes of Health","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}}],"datePublished":"1970-02-01","abstract":"From among a group of women with apparently normal menstrual cycles, 7 cycles with short luteal phases were identified. These cycles were characterized by grossly normal FSH and LH patterns although the FSH/LH ratio was below normal. Mean plasma progesterone increased to less than 2 ng/ml shortly after the LH peak; thus, the peak level was lower and the peak occurred earlier than in the normal cycle. Plasma 17-hydroxyprogesterone increased at the time of the LH peak although the mean peak level was only 60% that of normal cycles. There was no secondary increase of 17-hydroxyprogesterone during the luteal phase. These observations are consistent with the hypothesis that a relative deficiency of FSH during the follicular phase results in diminished follicular development and subsequent inadequate corpus luteum formation or function.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"30","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"246","pageEnd":"251","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-30-2-246","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71416871"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jcem-30-2-246"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"5413650"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71416871"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/psychologic-aspects-of-the-basal-body-temperature-method-of-regulating-births-rec0ndcymexsi1bvc/","name":"Psychologic aspects of the basal body temperature method of regulating births","headline":"Psychologic aspects of the basal body temperature method of regulating births","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/psychologic-aspects-of-the-basal-body-temperature-method-of-regulating-births-rec0ndcymexsi1bvc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"John Marshall","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6372-9294"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J R Marshall","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8921-3253","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UCLA Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vq5kb54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Rowe","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of London","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04cw6st05"}}],"datePublished":"1970-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"21","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"14","pageEnd":"19","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)37261-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51331512"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)37261-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"5411029"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q51331512"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/trends-in-prematurity-in-the-united-states-1950-1967-recn7q44dyfepqwhl/","name":"Trends in Prematurity in the United States: 1950-1967","headline":"Trends in Prematurity in the United States: 1950-1967","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/trends-in-prematurity-in-the-united-states-1950-1967-recn7q44dyfepqwhl/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Helen C. Chase"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Monica Byrnes"}],"datePublished":"1970-01-01","pageStart":"1967","pageEnd":"83","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46394936","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q46394936"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/plasma-levels-of-progesterone-in-pregnancy-measured-by-a-rapid-competitive-prote-recccmbizkwhappvf/","name":"Plasma levels of progesterone in pregnancy measured by a rapid competitive protein binding technique","headline":"Plasma levels of progesterone in pregnancy measured by a rapid competitive protein binding technique","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/plasma-levels-of-progesterone-in-pregnancy-measured-by-a-rapid-competitive-prote-recccmbizkwhappvf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Elof D. B. Johansson"}],"datePublished":"1969-08-01","abstract":"Plasma levels of progesterone* were measured during normal human pregnancy by a sensitive and rapid competitive protein binding technique. During the first half of gestation 440 determinations in 321 women and in the second half of gestation, 209 determinations in 160 women were performed.\nThe average plasma level of progesterone in the 5th week of gestation was 24.8 ± 7.3 (s) ng/ml which is above the normal range of the luteal plateau of the menstrual cycle (10–20 ng/ml). Between the 5th and the 9th week of gestation the plasma concentration decreased significantly. From the 9th to the 32nd week of gestation the plasma level of progesterone increased from 16.7 ± 7.4 (s) to 125.2 ± 37.9 (s) ng/ml. During the last 8 weeks of gestation the plasma levels of progesterone did not show any significant rise. One woman was followed up from the day of ovulation to the 8th week of gestation. An increase in progesterone levels was observed about 10 days after ovulation. Morning samples of progesterone, which were taken before the 20th week of gestation, when the woman was still in bed, were found to be somewhat higher than levels found during the remainder of the day.\nProgesterone concentrations in a few abnormal pregnancies are also reported.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"61","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta Endocrinologica"}}},"pageStart":"607","pageEnd":"617","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.0610607","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71402144"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1530/acta.0.0610607"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"5409083"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71402144"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluation-of-a-new-ovulatory-stimulating-agent-clomiphene-citrate-clomid-recrujzsgygqjdrjr/","name":"Evaluation of a new ovulatory stimulating agent: clomiphene citrate (clomid)","headline":"Evaluation of a new ovulatory stimulating agent: clomiphene citrate (clomid)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/evaluation-of-a-new-ovulatory-stimulating-agent-clomiphene-citrate-clomid-recrujzsgygqjdrjr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"No Authors Listed","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4186-1435","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universidad de Granada"}}],"datePublished":"1968-10-14","abstract":"Clomiphene citrate, in selected patients, is an effective agent for the treatment of infertility due to anovulation. An adequate laboratory and physical evaluation of each individual patient is essential for proper use of the drug. The major adverse reactions encountered are ovarian enlargements and cysts; in most patients, these conditions regress spontaneously after withdrawal of the drug.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"206","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA"}}},"pageStart":"635","pageEnd":"636","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1968.03150030091021","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72144942"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jama.1968.03150030091021"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"5695585"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72144942"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/plasma-progesterone-levels-in-normal-pregnancy-labor-and-the-puerperium-i-method-rechv3t8waticmmxr/","name":"Plasma progesterone levels in normal pregnancy, labor, and the puerperium. I. Method of assay","headline":"Plasma progesterone levels in normal pregnancy, labor, and the puerperium. I. Method of assay","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/plasma-progesterone-levels-in-normal-pregnancy-labor-and-the-puerperium-i-method-rechv3t8waticmmxr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M E Yannone","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Iowa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036jqmy94"}}],"datePublished":"1968-08-15","abstract":"A method to measure plasma progesterone by gas-liquid chromatography is presented. The procedure allows for the preparation of a plasma progesterone extract clean enough for accurate submicrogram quantification by gas-liquid chromatography. In a gas chromatograph equipped with a hydrogen flame detector, the instrument modifications and operating conditions as outlined make possible the measurement of 0.001 μg (1 ng.) of progesterone standard on a stable recorder base line. In biologic samples the sensitivity of the assay is in the order of 0.01 μg (10 ng.) of progesterone.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"101","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1054","pageEnd":"1057","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(68)90347-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43956753"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(68)90347-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"5690916"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q43956753"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/plasma-progesterone-levels-in-normal-pregnancy-labor-and-the-puerperium-ii-clini-recamrwolfox52xol/","name":"Plasma progesterone levels in normal pregnancy, labor, and the puerperium. II. Clinical data","headline":"Plasma progesterone levels in normal pregnancy, labor, and the puerperium. II. Clinical data","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/plasma-progesterone-levels-in-normal-pregnancy-labor-and-the-puerperium-ii-clini-recamrwolfox52xol/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A Goldfien","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Iowa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036jqmy94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J R McCurdy","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Iowa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036jqmy94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M E Yannone","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Iowa","sameAs":"https://ror.org/036jqmy94"}}],"datePublished":"1968-08-15","abstract":"One hundred and seventy-two plasma progesterone determinations were performed in normal pregnancy, labor, and the puerperium. One hundred and nineteen of the assays were done on isolated samples; 53 of the assays were done in 11 serial studies. While the concentration of progresterone in peripheral blood increased progressively with advancing pregnancy, no apparent decrease in the hormone level occurred at or near the onset of labor or during its progress. A significant decrease in plasma progesterone one hour after the delivery of the placenta continued to decline to menstrual cycle levels by 72 hours post partum.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"101","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1058","pageEnd":"1061","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(68)90348-7","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36568089"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(68)90348-7"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"5663346"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q36568089"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-field-trial-of-the-basal-body-temperature-method-of-regulating-births-receca0ic6ngb30kr/","name":"A field trial of the basal-body-temperature method of regulating births","headline":"A field trial of the basal-body-temperature method of regulating births","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-field-trial-of-the-basal-body-temperature-method-of-regulating-births-receca0ic6ngb30kr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"John Marshall","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6372-9294"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J R Marshall","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8921-3253","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UCLA Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04vq5kb54"}}],"datePublished":"1968-07-06","abstract":"502 couples used the basal-body-temperature method of regulating births through 8294 cycles. The overall failure-rate in those confining coitus to the postovulatory phase of the menstrual cycle was 6·6 pregnancies per 100 women-years, while in those having coitus in the preovulatory and postovulatory phases it was 19·3 pregnancies per 100 women-years. The biological effectiveness of the method was greater than this, and was achieved by certain subgroups in the survey.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7558","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Lancet (London, England)"}}},"pageStart":"8","pageEnd":"10","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(68)92886-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q53720779"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0140-6736(68)92886-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"4172715"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q53720779"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/further-clinical-experience-with-clomiphene-citrate-recsppryacfofl0nb/","name":"Further clinical experience with clomiphene citrate","headline":"Further clinical experience with clomiphene citrate","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/further-clinical-experience-with-clomiphene-citrate-recsppryacfofl0nb/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Alan Macgregor","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cincinnati VA Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045r80n66"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"John Johnson","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cincinnati VA Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045r80n66"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C A Bunde","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cincinnati VA Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/045r80n66"}}],"datePublished":"1968-07-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"616","pageEnd":"622","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)36736-x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44231219"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)36736-x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"5660246"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44231219"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/statistical-evaluation-of-contraceptive-methods-use-effectiveness-and-extended-u-recedevn0ghxocpzr/","name":"Statistical evaluation of contraceptive methods","headline":"Statistical evaluation of contraceptive methods","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/statistical-evaluation-of-contraceptive-methods-use-effectiveness-and-extended-u-recedevn0ghxocpzr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sarah Lewit","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Population Council","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03zjj0p70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C TIETZE","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Population Council","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03zjj0p70"}}],"datePublished":"1968-06-01","abstract":"The recent advent of national family planning programs and the expansion of local programs have created an acute need for accurate statistical evaluation of contraceptive methods. Effectiveness in terms of pregnancy rates and continuation or discontinuation of use of the contraceptive method or methods under study have emerged as the major criteria in such evaluations.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Demography"}}},"pageStart":"931","pageEnd":"940","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2060282","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.2307/2060282"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancy-after-clomiphene-citrate-treatment-rechye9hec7w0pt7u/","name":"Pregnancy after clomiphene citrate treatment","headline":"Pregnancy after clomiphene citrate treatment","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnancy-after-clomiphene-citrate-treatment-rechye9hec7w0pt7u/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"W G Karow","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shelton History Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/038j0hg40"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S A Payne","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Shelton History Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/038j0hg40"}}],"datePublished":"1968-05-01","abstract":"For years the gynecological endocrinologist has been seeking an effective gonadotrophin for the treatment of ovarian dysfunction and anovulation in the human. 7\nAnimal preparations have been self-limiting because of allergic reactions, antihormone formation, failure to obtain a uniform response from a standard dose, and the absence of data on animal specificity.\nA breakthrough occurred in 1958 when Gemzell et al. reported a human pituitary gonadotropin which induced follicular growth and estrogen production in the ovaries of amenorrheic women. The human source does not permit widespread application of this material. A few years later, Pergonal (HMG ),* a human menopausal urine gonadotropin which had similar effects,16 was developed; but standardization of HMG has been difficult and the extraction process complicated and expensive.\nA most important contribution was made in 1959 by Tyler et al., who were able to induce ovulation in 6 patients with severe anovulatory problems, and in 1960 by Kistner and Smith, who successfully induced ovulation in 4 patients with the Stein-Leventhal syndrome, by using the estrogen antagonist MER 25.t Related compounds were further investigated and clomiphene citrate (Clomidt) proved more effective and had fewer side effects. 5, 12\nThe exact mechanism of action of the drug is stilI in doubt. It is postulated that clomiphene acts either directly on the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, causing an increase in gonadotropin output,9, 12, 17 or sensitizes the ovary to respond more readily to endogenous gonadotropins. 6\nSmith and Kistner believe that Clomid directly influences the enzyme systems involved in ovarian steroidogenesis, or merely acts as a potentiator of gonadotropins. Pildes believes that there is a change in the synthesis of estrogen in both the adrenals and ovaries at the pre-estradiol phase of steroid synthesis.\nDickey et al. postulate a direct anti-estrogen effect in the system involved in estrogen metabolism, with subsequent stimulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis due to a fall in estrogen levels. Probably more than one mechanism of action is responsible for the response to the drug.\nWe first used clomiphene in the treatment of infertile patients with impaired ovarian function in May 1962. Because of the frequent side effects such as large ovarian cysts, reported by the early investigators, its use was limited to women with major endocrine defects and in cases where all other treatments had failed. With more experience and smaller dosages, 50-200 mg. daily for a short period of time, 3-5 days of each cycle, the drug was effective and most of the side effects were eliminated.14 With a program of at least monthly checkups, the drug proved safe and we have extended its use to infertile patients with only minor problems of ovarian dysfunction.\nAll patients, prior to treatment, have a thorough infertility and endocrine evaluation. The patient who is a proper candidate for this drug should be one with a moderately intact pituitary-ovarian axis and norm~or low total urinary gonadotropin levels, although we have had several patients with mildly elevated total gonadotropin who have responded. The patient should have a fair endogenous estrogen production. Thyroid function is usually normal or mildly subnormal. The 17-ketosteroid concentration is usually normal, although 32.5% of our patients who conceived did show levels of 13.0 mg. 24 hr. or more. Several of these decreased to normal levels after treatment with clomiphene; Pildes has reported a similar finding. Of our patients who conceived, 35.5% showed a diabetic or a prediabetic glucose tolerance curve on initial evaluation.\nPituitary tumors should be ruled out. Patients with ovarian damage due to chronic infection are not likely to respond. Since clomiphene citrate is detoxified in the liver, one should be hesitant to prescribe the drug to a patient with chronic liver disease.\nVisualization of the ovaries by culpotomy with ovarian biopsy or culdos-copy is helpful in establishing the diagnosis, especially in patients who fail to respond.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"19","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"351","pageEnd":"362","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)36663-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51186646"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)36663-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"4869629"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q51186646"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/biophysical-composition-of-cervical-mucus-and-spermigration-during-treatment-wit-m8zenv7e/","name":"Biophysical composition of cervical mucus and spermigration during treatment with Conluten and Conlunett","headline":"Biophysical composition of cervical mucus and spermigration during treatment with Conluten and Conlunett","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/biophysical-composition-of-cervical-mucus-and-spermigration-during-treatment-wit-m8zenv7e/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E Odeblad","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sabbatsberg Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dkvrg87"}}],"datePublished":"1968-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"47","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"S8","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica"}}},"pageStart":"7","pageEnd":"19","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3109/00016346809156616","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72309857"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3109/00016346809156616"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"5754513"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72309857"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-functional-structure-of-human-cervical-mucus-recbbuyy6x0ng97qn/","name":"The functional structure of human cervical mucus","headline":"The functional structure of human cervical mucus","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-functional-structure-of-human-cervical-mucus-recbbuyy6x0ng97qn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E Odeblad","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sabbatsberg Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dkvrg87"}}],"datePublished":"1968-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"47","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica"}},"pageStart":"57","pageEnd":"79","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3109/00016346809156845","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44408277"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3109/00016346809156845"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"5690885"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q44408277"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clomiphene-citrate-for-improvement-of-ovarian-function-rec2a1se7ngy1lgi2/","name":"Clomiphene citrate for improvement of ovarian function","headline":"Clomiphene citrate for improvement of ovarian function","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clomiphene-citrate-for-improvement-of-ovarian-function-rec2a1se7ngy1lgi2/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M D De Moraes-Ruehsen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0490-4301"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G S Jones","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}}],"datePublished":"1967-11-15","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"99","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"814","pageEnd":"828","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(67)90397-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q71873361"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(67)90397-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"5587395"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q71873361"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-therapy-for-control-of-the-incompetent-os-of-pregnancy-recnpjhounbbhgu67/","name":"Hormonal therapy for control of the incompetent os of pregnancy","headline":"Hormonal therapy for control of the incompetent os of pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormonal-therapy-for-control-of-the-incompetent-os-of-pregnancy-recnpjhounbbhgu67/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A I Sherman"}],"datePublished":"1966-08-01","abstract":"The concept that a cervix could be inadequate or incompetent for retaining a normal pregnancy was publicized by Lash and Lash in 1950. It did not catch the fancy of the majority of obstetricians to any extent until the introduction of the relatively simple corrective procedure advocated by Shirodkar in 1955 and publicized by Barter et al. Since then there has been a constantly increasing number of reports discussing this problem. Incompetent cervical os is estimated to represent only a small percentage of all causes of fetal wastage …","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"28","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"198","pageEnd":"205","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/00003081-196608000-00010","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72866855"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/00003081-196608000-00010"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"5944836"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72866855"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/an-instrument-for-transcervical-treatment-of-the-oviducts-and-uterine-cornua-recbm3ijzihexic8m/","name":"An instrument for transcervical treatment of the oviducts and uterine cornua","headline":"An instrument for transcervical treatment of the oviducts and uterine cornua","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/an-instrument-for-transcervical-treatment-of-the-oviducts-and-uterine-cornua-recbm3ijzihexic8m/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Corfman PA"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Taylor HC Jr"}],"datePublished":"1966-06-01","abstract":"A new instrument has been designed to treat the primate uterine cornua and oviducts. 2 versions of the instrument are described. Both versions are 12 cm long. One is 3 mm in diameter, and the other is 3.5 mm. Tips may be manufactured to hold different volumes of fluid. The Teflon piston which is moved inside the tip, forces the fluid out through a small hole at the end. The piston is actuated from the proximal (operator's) end of the strument. Silicon rubber tubing may be filled with air or fluid from the stopcock at the operator's end through a fine tube which runs inside the instrument. In an attempt to determine if the instrument will locate fluids reliably and accurately, a vital stain, cresyl violet, has been used to inject normal sized uteruses in 6 patients prior to operation for various conditions. In 3 patients, both cornua were successfully stained with dye. In 2 patients, the cornu on only 1 side was seen to be stained, and in 1 patient, no stained areas were identified. Suggested applications of the instrument include: 1) investigation of oviduct physiology; 2) temporary sterilization; and 3) permanent sterilization.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"27","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"880","pageEnd":"884","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevention-of-postoperative-intestinal-adhesions-with-combined-promethazine-and--reclv7ijkt8grqb4m/","name":"Prevention of postoperative intestinal adhesions with combined promethazine and dexamethasone therapy: experimental and clinical studies","headline":"Prevention of postoperative intestinal adhesions with combined promethazine and dexamethasone therapy: experimental and clinical studies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/prevention-of-postoperative-intestinal-adhesions-with-combined-promethazine-and--reclv7ijkt8grqb4m/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R E Gross","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1847-9227","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Boston Children's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dvg7y05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R Johnson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4280-5715","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R L Replogle","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Boston Children's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00dvg7y05"}}],"datePublished":"1966-04-01","abstract":"This study, combining experimental and clinical data, attempted to develop methods to prevent formation of adhesions in the highly susceptible infant undergoing abdominal surgery and to inhibit reformation of adhesions after surgical division of those which had appeared after some previous operation. Rats were treated with a combination of dexamethasone (Decadron) and promethazine (Phenergan). This series showed that the inflamma tory phase that follows trauma to intestinal serosa can be minimized and the organization of inflammatory exudate into fibrous adhesions can be delayed with this combination treatment (antihistamine plus adrenal cortex hormones). An addendum notes that so far 81 patients have been treated with the drug combination, and the results are characterized as very satisfactory, with no complications related to treatment. 2 points are emphasized: 1) since adhesion formation begins within minutes of peritoneal trauma, prevention requires a high level of drug saturation at the time of injury; and 2) large doses of drugs are required for maximum benefit. Experimentally, this study used 1 mg/kg of each drug, intramuscularly, 6-3 hours preoperatively, with dose repetetion via intraperitoneal saline as the abdomen is being closed for 2-36 hours postoperatively.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"163","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Annals of Surgery"}}},"pageStart":"580","pageEnd":"588","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1097/00000658-196604000-00011","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72842169"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1097/00000658-196604000-00011"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"5935011"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72842169"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reconstructive-tubal-surgery-uxepd2vs/","name":"Reconstructive tubal surgery","headline":"Reconstructive tubal surgery","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/reconstructive-tubal-surgery-uxepd2vs/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"McEwen DC"}],"datePublished":"1966-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"17","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and sterility"}}},"pageStart":"39","pageEnd":"48","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)35824-1","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)35824-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"5948053"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/double-dash-blind-controlled-trial-of-6-methyl-17-acetoxyprogesterone-in-threate-reclaqqsogc34dt7k/","name":"Double-Dash Blind Controlled Trial of 6-Methyl, 17-Acetoxyprogesterone in Threatened Abortion","headline":"Double-Dash Blind Controlled Trial of 6-Methyl, 17-Acetoxyprogesterone in Threatened Abortion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/double-dash-blind-controlled-trial-of-6-methyl-17-acetoxyprogesterone-in-threate-reclaqqsogc34dt7k/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Møller K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"K. J. Alling Møller"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fritz Fuchs","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NewYork–Presbyterian Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03gzbrs57"}}],"datePublished":"1965-12-01","pageStart":"1042","pageEnd":"1044","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormones-in-recurrent-abortion-recerqshqqdnnetac/","name":"Hormones in Recurrent Abortion","headline":"Hormones in Recurrent Abortion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hormones-in-recurrent-abortion-recerqshqqdnnetac/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M. C. Macnaughton","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of St Andrews","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02wn5qz54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Arnold Klopper","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Aberdeen","sameAs":"https://ror.org/016476m91"}}],"datePublished":"1965-12-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"72","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics &amp; Gynaecology"}}},"pageStart":"1022","pageEnd":"1028","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1965.tb01533.x","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1471-0528.1965.tb01533.x"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/further-observations-on-the-effects-of-clomiphene-citrate-in-anovulatory-females-recjmrrbmwyc0q3np/","name":"FURTHER OBSERVATIONS ON THE EFFECTS OF CLOMIPHENE CITRATE IN ANOVULATORY FEMALES","headline":"FURTHER OBSERVATIONS ON THE EFFECTS OF CLOMIPHENE CITRATE IN ANOVULATORY FEMALES","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/further-observations-on-the-effects-of-clomiphene-citrate-in-anovulatory-females-recjmrrbmwyc0q3np/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R W KISTNER","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}}],"datePublished":"1965-06-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"92","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}},"pageStart":"380","pageEnd":"420","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(65)90393-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q78359732"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(65)90393-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14292456"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q78359732"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-clinical-use-of-clomiphene-citrate-hksj6ilc/","name":"The clinical use of clomiphene citrate","headline":"The clinical use of clomiphene citrate","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-clinical-use-of-clomiphene-citrate-hksj6ilc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Rivo E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"John Rock"}],"datePublished":"1965-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"73","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Pacific medicine and surgery"}}},"pageStart":"413","pageEnd":"20","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72604750","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"5847211"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q72604750"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clomiphene-citrate-its-uses-and-observations-on-its-probable-action-reclnvvkyaacdkizr/","name":"Clomiphene citrate: Its uses and observations on its probable action","headline":"Clomiphene citrate: Its uses and observations on its probable action","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clomiphene-citrate-its-uses-and-observations-on-its-probable-action-reclnvvkyaacdkizr/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M. James Whitelaw"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Leslie R. Grams"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Werner J. Stamm"}],"datePublished":"1964-10-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"90","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}},"pageStart":"355","pageEnd":"363","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76966743","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14212792"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q76966743"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clomiphene-citrate-in-the-management-of-anovulatory-uterine-bleeding-rec1qibjaebspllfk/","name":"CLOMIPHENE CITRATE IN THE MANAGEMENT OF ANOVULATORY UTERINE BLEEDING","headline":"CLOMIPHENE CITRATE IN THE MANAGEMENT OF ANOVULATORY UTERINE BLEEDING","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clomiphene-citrate-in-the-management-of-anovulatory-uterine-bleeding-rec1qibjaebspllfk/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R B GREENBLATT","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Augusta University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012mef835"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R A PUEBLA","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Augusta University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012mef835"}}],"datePublished":"1964-09-01","abstract":"Clomiphene citrate [1-p(β-diethylaminoethoxy) phenyl-1,2-diphenyl-2-chloroethylene citrate], because of its ability to induce ovulation, was administered to 26 patients with excessive anovulatory uterine bleeding. Of the 129 menstrual cycles during which the drug was administered, 105 cycles (81.3%) were ovulatory and were followed by normal uterine bleeding. After clomiphene was discontinued, observations made in 52 cycles showed that only 20 (38.4%) were ovulatory","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"9","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"863","pageEnd":"866","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-24-9-863","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34541112"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jcem-24-9-863"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14216475"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34541112"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/action-of-progesterone-as-a-cleavage-inhibitor-of-rabbit-ova-in-vitro-reccngvwb7erg2qmq/","name":"ACTION OF PROGESTERONE AS A CLEAVAGE INHIBITOR OF RABBIT OVA IN VITRO","headline":"ACTION OF PROGESTERONE AS A CLEAVAGE INHIBITOR OF RABBIT OVA IN VITRO","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/action-of-progesterone-as-a-cleavage-inhibitor-of-rabbit-ova-in-vitro-reccngvwb7erg2qmq/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Daniel JC Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Joseph C. Daniel","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2250-5707"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Levy JD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J D LEVY"}],"datePublished":"1964-06-01","abstract":"Summary. The manner whereby progesterone acts as an inhibitor of cleavage of mammalian ova was studied using rabbit ova in vitro. Progesterone blocked cleavage when it was present in the culture medium at concentrations of 10 µg/ml more, and exerted this same effect on all stages up to the morula. The growth of blastocysts was not affected. The action was reversible: ova resumed cleavage within 2 to 3 hr after removal to progesterone-free media. The reversal was time-specific and was used to phase the subsequent cleavage of ova inhibited for varying periods of time. The inhibition was overcome by increasing the concentrations of amino acids or of the serum component in the medium. Supplementing the progesterone media with oestradiol did not reverse the inhibition. Autoradiographs of sections of ova that were kept in C-labelled progesterone for 8 hr, showed silver grains concentrated on the surface of the ovum and the zona pellucida. It is concluded that progesterone blocks cleavage by limiting the supply of protein or amino acids and thus inhibiting protein synthesis within the ovum. Presumably this is done by the progesterone aggregating on the surface of the cell or its protective coating. The inhibitory action appears to be timed in relation to some event that precedes mitosis by an hour or two. It is therefore suggested that the protein synthesis involved is related to formation of the mitotic apparatus or to chromosome condensation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of Reproduction and Fertility"}}},"pageStart":"323","pageEnd":"329","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1530/jrf.0.0070323","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33192015"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1530/jrf.0.0070323"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14180725"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q33192015"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-provera-on-the-fetus-reckhdlzdipigvfer/","name":"THE EFFECT OF PROVERA ON THE FETUS","headline":"THE EFFECT OF PROVERA ON THE FETUS","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-provera-on-the-fetus-reckhdlzdipigvfer/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Burstein R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Wasserman HC"}],"datePublished":"1964-06-01","abstract":"239 women received medroxyprogesterone during their pregnancies; they received no other hormone therapy. Of the 203 who went to term 172 were treated prior to the 12th week; the latter are discussed. Average daily dose varied from 5-50 mg or more orally with or without injectable supplements. Sex distribution of infants was 92 male to 82 female there were 2 sets of twins 1 stillborn and 1 newborn with congenital heart disease. The authors report a case of transient masculization of a female infant born with an enlarged clitoris which persisted until age 6 months. Masculization of the female fetus may occur if the fetus is subjected to some source of androgen prior to the 12th week of gestation after which the female generative tract is well differentiated and not likely to be affected. Other studies have reported up to 18% masculization using exogenous hormones with abnormalities as extreme as labial fusion and cloacal formation necessitating surgical correction.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"23","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"}},"pageStart":"931","pageEnd":"934","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/double-blind-trial-of-a-progestin-in-habitual-abortion-rec5vekwrr4jqcpkz/","name":"DOUBLE-BLIND TRIAL OF A PROGESTIN IN HABITUAL ABORTION","headline":"DOUBLE-BLIND TRIAL OF A PROGESTIN IN HABITUAL ABORTION","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/double-blind-trial-of-a-progestin-in-habitual-abortion-rec5vekwrr4jqcpkz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J W GOLDZIEHER","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Baylor College of Medicine","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34"}}],"datePublished":"1964-05-18","abstract":"Study of 54 habitual aborters with low or normal pregnanediol excretion, in a double-blind trial, revealed the spontaneous-salvage rate and the possible benefit of therapy with medroxyprogesterone acetate. The salvage rate in the placebo group with the worst prognosis (never a term pregnancy, low pregnanediol in the current pregnancy) was ten of 13, and the salvage rate in the other placebo groups showed no statistically significant difference. In view of this high spontaneous salvage rate, the numbers required to demonstrate a therapeutic effect of progestin administration are prohibitively large. This indicates the need for new criteria to pinpoint cases with a poor prognosis, and it raises the question whether habitual abortion is a disease entity or a statistical coincidence.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"188","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA"}}},"pageStart":"651","pageEnd":"654","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1964.03060330031008","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76723835"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jama.1964.03060330031008"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14121287"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q76723835"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/induction-of-ovulation-with-clomiphene-citrate-recs23luap5f8crpj/","name":"INDUCTION OF OVULATION WITH CLOMIPHENE CITRATE","headline":"INDUCTION OF OVULATION WITH CLOMIPHENE CITRATE","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/induction-of-ovulation-with-clomiphene-citrate-recs23luap5f8crpj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A H NAVILLE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R W KISTNER","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J A Rock","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9970-8417","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R E WHEATLEY","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Harvard University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52"}}],"datePublished":"1964-05-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"15","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}},"pageStart":"290","pageEnd":"309","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)35225-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76841477"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)35225-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14156906"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q76841477"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/spontaneous-abortion-risks-in-man-data-from-reproductive-histories-collected-in--rechzusvfbmxb6geo/","name":"Spontaneous Abortion Risks in Man: Data from Reproductive Histories Collected in a Medical Genetics Unit","headline":"Spontaneous Abortion Risks in Man: Data from Reproductive Histories Collected in a Medical Genetics Unit","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/spontaneous-abortion-risks-in-man-data-from-reproductive-histories-collected-in--rechzusvfbmxb6geo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Fraser FC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D Warburton"}],"datePublished":"1964-03-01","abstract":"SPONTANEOUS ABORTION is one of the most common and least understood pathological processes. Because it is so difficult to obtain reliable information about abortion, even the basic facts about its frequency, familial distribution, and relation to parity and parental age are largely unknown or disputable. Such information is needed to provide a basis for advising women with several abortions about their chances of successfully completing another pregnancy, to evaluate measures for the prevention of abortion, as well as to provide clues to the etiology of the condition. Reproductive histories taken by personal interview with a random series of women would probably be the best available data for estimating spontaneous abortion statistics. These would include very early terminations of pregnancy, recognized as spontaneous abortions by the women concerned but not receiving medical attention, which are under-represented in series of consecutive hospital admissions or in consecutive cases from private obstetrical practice. They would allow estimation of abortion risks in women with given numbers of previous abortions and at given ages. Some reservations must be held about the validity of self-diagnosis of early abortion, but this source of error should not affect comparisons within the sample.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Human Genetics"}}},"pageStart":"1","pageEnd":"25","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/purification-of-gonadotrophin-from-human-menopausal-urine-recnzgwrdjfsycyqo/","name":"PURIFICATION OF GONADOTROPHIN FROM HUMAN MENOPAUSAL URINE","headline":"PURIFICATION OF GONADOTROPHIN FROM HUMAN MENOPAUSAL URINE","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/purification-of-gonadotrophin-from-human-menopausal-urine-recnzgwrdjfsycyqo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"P DONINI","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Istituto di Farmacologia Traslazionale","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ta8pf33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R MONTEZEMOLO","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Istituto di Farmacologia Traslazionale","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ta8pf33"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D PUZZUOLI","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Istituto di Farmacologia Traslazionale","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03ta8pf33"}}],"datePublished":"1964-03-01","abstract":"Gonadotrophins were prepared from human postmenopausal urine with the kaolin-acetone method and purified by adsorption of impurities on diethylamine ethyl cellulose (DEAE-C).\nThe last step, namely chromatography on the column of permutit, resulted in a significantly improved specific activity.\nThe immunoelectrophoresis showed that the purified HMG is not homogeneous and that the constituents are glycoproteins which migrate into the region α1, α2and β globulins.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"45","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta Endocrinologica"}}},"pageStart":"321","pageEnd":"328","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.0450321","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76758595"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1530/acta.0.0450321"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14131763"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q76758595"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lipotropin-a-new-active-peptide-from-pituitary-glands-recpvrlzggpjkfvph/","name":"LIPOTROPIN, A NEW ACTIVE PEPTIDE FROM PITUITARY GLANDS","headline":"LIPOTROPIN, A NEW ACTIVE PEPTIDE FROM PITUITARY GLANDS","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lipotropin-a-new-active-peptide-from-pituitary-glands-recpvrlzggpjkfvph/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Chenyu Li","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8037-0698","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Qilu Hospital of Shandong University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056ef9489"}}],"datePublished":"1964-02-29","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"201","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nature"}},"pageStart":"924","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1038/201924a0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51277166"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/201924a0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14132790"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q51277166"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/duration-of-fertility-following-ovarian-wedge-resection--stein-leventhal-syndrom-rectjfdjegoxspe3v/","name":"Duration of fertility following ovarian wedge resection--Stein-Leventhal syndrome","headline":"Duration of fertility following ovarian wedge resection--Stein-Leventhal syndrome","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/duration-of-fertility-following-ovarian-wedge-resection--stein-leventhal-syndrom-rectjfdjegoxspe3v/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"STEIN IF Sr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Irving F. Stein","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Glenbrook Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/003t0xc83"}}],"datePublished":"1964-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"72","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Western Journal of Surgery, Obstetrics, and Gynecology"}},"pageStart":"237","pageEnd":"242","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76882113","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14181058"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q76882113"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/determination-of-plasma-progesterone-during-pregnancy-recqm7ssbqjvjusox/","name":"DETERMINATION OF PLASMA PROGESTERONE DURING PREGNANCY","headline":"DETERMINATION OF PLASMA PROGESTERONE DURING PREGNANCY","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/determination-of-plasma-progesterone-during-pregnancy-recqm7ssbqjvjusox/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"H J van der Molen","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4065-6571","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Pittsburgh","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"VAN MOLENH"}],"datePublished":"1963-11-01","abstract":"A modification of Short's method for the determination of plasma progesterone is described, which allows the estimation of 0.5–1.0 μg per sample. The reliability of the method is tested and plasma levels in cord and peripheral blood during pregnancy are reported.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"8","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry"}}},"pageStart":"943","pageEnd":"953","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-8981(63)90019-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76641146"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0009-8981(63)90019-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14089568"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q76641146"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clomiphene-citrate-further-observations-on-its-use-in-induction-of-ovulation-in--rec8xtawto8wapxam/","name":"CLOMIPHENE CITRATE: FURTHER OBSERVATIONS ON ITS USE IN INDUCTION OF OVULATION IN THE HUMAN AND ON ITS MODE OF ACTION","headline":"CLOMIPHENE CITRATE: FURTHER OBSERVATIONS ON ITS USE IN INDUCTION OF OVULATION IN THE HUMAN AND ON ITS MODE OF ACTION","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clomiphene-citrate-further-observations-on-its-use-in-induction-of-ovulation-in--rec8xtawto8wapxam/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S ROY","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3243-2134","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Augusta University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012mef835"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shubhanjali Roy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3796-0964","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"New Mexico State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hpz7z43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"R B GREENBLATT","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Augusta University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012mef835"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E C JUNGCK","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Augusta University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012mef835"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"V B MAHESH","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Augusta University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012mef835"}}],"datePublished":"1963-11-01","abstract":"Induction of ovulation in the human has been of considerable research interest for several decades. Various hormonal regimens and other procedures have been tried in the past.1 • 2 In spite of all these trials, the problem of ovulatory failure remains a frustrating dilemma for the physician. Recently, the induction of ovulation with clomiphene citrate in about 70% of anovulatory women was reported by our group.3- 6 It was felt that an important breakthrough in this difficult field of endeavor was at hand. 7- 9 Our observations have been confirmed by other groups of investigators.10- 12 The present report embodies a detailed analysis of the results of administration of this agent to 200 women, of whom 179 were anovulatory. The results of our studies on the probable mode of action of this drug are also discussed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"575","pageEnd":"595","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)35041-5","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76598966"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)35041-5"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14077323"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q76598966"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/action-of-mer-25-and-of-clomiphene-on-the-human-ovary-recoyuq39bpi19fui/","name":"Action of MER-25 and of clomiphene on the human ovary","headline":"Action of MER-25 and of clomiphene on the human ovary","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/action-of-mer-25-and-of-clomiphene-on-the-human-ovary-recoyuq39bpi19fui/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R W KISTNER","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Glenn Smith","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2752-4846"},{"@type":"Person","name":"O W SMITH"}],"datePublished":"1963-06-15","abstract":"IT APPEARS TO BE WELL ESTABLISHED that the synthetic nonsteroidal analogue of chlorotrianisene (Tace), which has been given the generic name of clomiphene citrate (MRL/41)*, is capable of stimulating ovarian secretory activity in women.1-4 Perhaps the most convincing evidence for this is found in the high incidence of cystic ovaries observed among treated patients, together with the associated microscopic ovarian and endometrial changes, indicating that the cystic structures produced are functional.2,3 The striking similarity between the histopathology of this response to clomiphene and the ovarian response to administered gonadotropins of both human and animal origin has been pointed out by Southam and Janovski.2 With both forms of treatment, the degree of ovarian response to a given dosage appears to be unpredictable and all patterns of atypical stimulation have been observed. In view of this analogy, it has been logical to assume that the ovarian response","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"184","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA"}}},"pageStart":"878","pageEnd":"886","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1963.73700240008012","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79670834"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jama.1963.73700240008012"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"13989536"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q79670834"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/double-blind-study-of-effect-of-17-hydroxyprogesterone-caproate-on-abortion-rate-recewv1pyspdx50mi/","name":"Double-blind study of effect of 17-hydroxyprogesterone caproate on abortion rate","headline":"Double-blind study of effect of 17-hydroxyprogesterone caproate on abortion rate","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/double-blind-study-of-effect-of-17-hydroxyprogesterone-caproate-on-abortion-rate-recewv1pyspdx50mi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"RodneyP. Shearman","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mother Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02zfghc79"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W J GARRETT","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mother Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02zfghc79"}}],"datePublished":"1963-02-02","abstract":"After many years of use and a large number of publications there is still no good evidence to indicate that progestogens have a valid role in the treatment of patients with a history of abortion. In many of the published series the amount of material administered has been inadequate in the light of current concepts of progesterone secretion in pregnancy (Zander, 1959) and inadequate control observations have invalidated much published data. To assess the salvage rate in treated pregnancies and then compare it with that found for previous untreated pregnancies in the same patients ignores the number of pregnancies that would have reached viability if no treatment had been given at all. Malpas (1938) produced a theoretical estimate that any woman with a history of three consecutive abortions. . .","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5326","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British Medical Journal"}}},"pageStart":"292","pageEnd":"295","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.1.5326.292","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55379288"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj.1.5326.292"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"13977012"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q55379288"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/physiology-and-pathology-of-cervical-mucus-ii-pathology-dncjbhne/","name":"[PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY OF CERVICAL MUCUS. II. PATHOLOGY]","headline":"[PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY OF CERVICAL MUCUS. II. PATHOLOGY]","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/physiology-and-pathology-of-cervical-mucus-ii-pathology-dncjbhne/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E Odeblad","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sabbatsberg Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dkvrg87"}}],"datePublished":"1963-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"27","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Hormoner"}},"pageStart":"19","pageEnd":"24","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76679197","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14103496"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q76679197"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/physiology-and-pathology-of-cervical-mucus-nqnh30vi/","name":"[PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY OF CERVICAL MUCUS]","headline":"[PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY OF CERVICAL MUCUS]","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/physiology-and-pathology-of-cervical-mucus-nqnh30vi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E Odeblad","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sabbatsberg Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dkvrg87"}}],"datePublished":"1963-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"27","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Hormoner"}},"pageStart":"11","pageEnd":"8","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76565793","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14064056"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q76565793"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/in-vitro-inhibitory-effect-of-progesterone-on-extrauterine-human-smooth-muscle-recbhhf5kfsuvmpe1/","name":"In vitro inhibitory effect of progesterone on extrauterine human smooth muscle","headline":"In vitro inhibitory effect of progesterone on extrauterine human smooth muscle","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/in-vitro-inhibitory-effect-of-progesterone-on-extrauterine-human-smooth-muscle-recbhhf5kfsuvmpe1/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"D. Kumar","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5265-700X","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}}],"datePublished":"1962-11-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"84","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"10","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1300","pageEnd":"1304","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9378(16)35736-2","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/S0002-9378(16)35736-2"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/plasma-progesterone-in-mother-and-foetus-in-the-second-half-of-human-pregnancy-rec7xacudcaydklc8/","name":"Plasma progesterone in mother and foetus in the second half of human pregnancy","headline":"Plasma progesterone in mother and foetus in the second half of human pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/plasma-progesterone-in-mother-and-foetus-in-the-second-half-of-human-pregnancy-rec7xacudcaydklc8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M A Greig","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of St Andrews","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02wn5qz54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"William O. Cooper","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8527-4569","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of St Andrews","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02wn5qz54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J WALKER","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3020-0789","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of St Andrews","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02wn5qz54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M G COYLE","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of St Andrews","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02wn5qz54"}}],"datePublished":"1962-10-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"69","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the British Empire"}},"pageStart":"772","pageEnd":"779","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1962.tb01279.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79501827"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1471-0528.1962.tb01279.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"13950277"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q79501827"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/induction-of-ovulation-dqjyxhmy/","name":"Induction of ovulation","headline":"Induction of ovulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/induction-of-ovulation-dqjyxhmy/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R B GREENBLATT","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Augusta University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012mef835"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Shubhanjali Roy","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3796-0964","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"New Mexico State University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00hpz7z43"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"V B MAHESH","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Augusta University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012mef835"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"BARFIELD WE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"E C JUNGCK","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Augusta University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012mef835"}}],"datePublished":"1962-10-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"84","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American journal of obstetrics and gynecology"}},"pageStart":"900","pageEnd":"12","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79400529","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"13901506"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q79400529"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-the-acetophenone-derivative-16alpha17alpha-dihydroxyprogesterone-w-rec3ki6bxznyt9zwg/","name":"Comparison of the acetophenone derivative 16alpha,17alpha-dihydroxyprogesterone with other progestational steroids for masculinization of the ratfetus","headline":"Comparison of the acetophenone derivative 16alpha,17alpha-dihydroxyprogesterone with other progestational steroids for masculinization of the ratfetus","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/comparison-of-the-acetophenone-derivative-16alpha17alpha-dihydroxyprogesterone-w-rec3ki6bxznyt9zwg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A BORMAN"},{"@type":"Person","name":"D BRENNAN"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M DEPHILLIPO"},{"@type":"Person","name":"L J LERNER"},{"@type":"Person","name":"E YIACAS"}],"datePublished":"1962-09-01","abstract":"A new progestational steroid, the acetophenone derivative of 16α,17α;- dihydroxyprogesterone, was compared with several progestogens for masculinizing effects on the offspring of rats treated during pregnancy. The results were similar to those obtained with progesterone and 17α-hydroxyprogesterone caproate: this new steroid did not alter the normal male:female sex ratio and did not virilize the internal or external sex structures of the newborn. The present results confirm those of others in finding that 6α-methyl-17α-hydroxyprogesterone acetate, 17α-ethinyl-19-nortestosterone and 17aethinyl- 19-nortestosterone acetate increased the number of male and intersex offspring, as determined by ano-genital measurements and masculinization of internal and external sex organs.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"71","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"448","pageEnd":"451","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/endo-71-3-448","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q78982811"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/endo-71-3-448"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14464248"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q78982811"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mrl41-in-the-treatment-of-secondary-amenorrhoea-and-endometrial-hyperplasia-rec2dgy00cvlnp42x/","name":"M.R.L.41 in the treatment of secondary amenorrhoea and endometrial hyperplasia","headline":"M.R.L.41 in the treatment of secondary amenorrhoea and endometrial hyperplasia","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/mrl41-in-the-treatment-of-secondary-amenorrhoea-and-endometrial-hyperplasia-rec2dgy00cvlnp42x/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"D CHARLES","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0365-9567","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Western Infirmary","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02e22bh87"}}],"datePublished":"1962-08-11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7250","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Lancet (London, England)"}}},"pageStart":"278","pageEnd":"280","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(62)90178-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79365194"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0140-6736(62)90178-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"13878270"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q79365194"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/blood-progesterone-and-urinary-pregnanediol-and-oestrogens-in-foetal-death-from--recluhknzsokt1xg7/","name":"Blood-progesterone and urinary pregnanediol and oestrogens in foetal death from severe pre-eclampsia","headline":"Blood-progesterone and urinary pregnanediol and oestrogens in foetal death from severe pre-eclampsia","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/blood-progesterone-and-urinary-pregnanediol-and-oestrogens-in-foetal-death-from--recluhknzsokt1xg7/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M COYLE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M GREIG"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J WALKER","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3020-0789","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of St Andrews","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02wn5qz54"}}],"datePublished":"1962-08-11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"7250","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Lancet (London, England)"}}},"pageStart":"275","pageEnd":"277","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(62)90176-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79371914"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0140-6736(62)90176-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"13881921"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q79371914"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/controlled-trials-in-the-prophylactic-value-of-progesterone-in-the-treatment-of--rec5ivppapyncfkyn/","name":"Controlled trials in the prophylactic value of progesterone in the treatment of pre-eclamptic toxaemia","headline":"Controlled trials in the prophylactic value of progesterone in the treatment of pre-eclamptic toxaemia","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/controlled-trials-in-the-prophylactic-value-of-progesterone-in-the-treatment-of--rec5ivppapyncfkyn/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"K DALTON","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University College Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wrevg56"}}],"datePublished":"1962-06-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"69","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the British Empire"}},"pageStart":"463","pageEnd":"468","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1962.tb01176.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79373703"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1471-0528.1962.tb01176.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"13883256"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q79373703"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/undulations-of-macromolecules-in-cervical-mucus-phetpwjz/","name":"Undulations of macromolecules in cervical mucus","headline":"Undulations of macromolecules in cervical mucus","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/undulations-of-macromolecules-in-cervical-mucus-phetpwjz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E Odeblad","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sabbatsberg Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dkvrg87"}}],"datePublished":"1962-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"7","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"International journal of fertility"}},"pageStart":"313","pageEnd":"9","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79454092","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"13939460"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q79454092"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lunenfeld-b-sulimovizi-s-rabau-e-et-al-compt-rend-soc-franc-gynecol-35346-1962-reckknirqnt0ardrg/","name":"Lunenfeld B, Sulimovizi S, Rabau E, et al: Compt Rend Soc Franc Gynecol 35:346, 1962","headline":"Lunenfeld B, Sulimovizi S, Rabau E, et al: Compt Rend Soc Franc Gynecol 35:346, 1962","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/lunenfeld-b-sulimovizi-s-rabau-e-et-al-compt-rend-soc-franc-gynecol-35346-1962-reckknirqnt0ardrg/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sulimovizi S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rabau E"},{"@type":"Person","name":"B Lunenfeld","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sheba Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/020rzx487"}}],"datePublished":"1962-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Comptes rendus de la Société Française de Gynécologie"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-excretion-of-œstriol-and-pregnanediol-in-toxæmia-of-pregnancy-and-in-postmat-receylrjbxyxkf8vt/","name":"The Excretion of Œstriol and Pregnanediol in Toxæmia of Pregnancy and in Postmaturity","headline":"The Excretion of Œstriol and Pregnanediol in Toxæmia of Pregnancy and in Postmaturity","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-excretion-of-œstriol-and-pregnanediol-in-toxæmia-of-pregnancy-and-in-postmat-receylrjbxyxkf8vt/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mirjam Furuhjelm","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sabbatsberg Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01dkvrg87"}}],"datePublished":"1962-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"41","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica"}}},"pageStart":"370","pageEnd":"381","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.3109/00016346209157452","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3109/00016346209157452"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/induction-of-ovulation-with-mrl41-mvn6z9jd/","name":"Induction of Ovulation with MRL/41","headline":"Induction of Ovulation with MRL/41","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/induction-of-ovulation-with-mrl41-mvn6z9jd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R B GREENBLATT","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Augusta University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012mef835"}}],"datePublished":"1961-10-14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"178","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"JAMA"}}},"pageStart":"101","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1961.03040410001001","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79400527"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jama.1961.03040410001001"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"13901503"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q79400527"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chemical-induction-of-ovulation-rectyjcgqq9p4lrwp/","name":"Chemical induction of ovulation","headline":"Chemical induction of ovulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/chemical-induction-of-ovulation-rectyjcgqq9p4lrwp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R B GREENBLATT","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Augusta University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/012mef835"}}],"datePublished":"1961-09-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}},"pageStart":"402","pageEnd":"404","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)34261-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q78856108"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)34261-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"13708281"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q78856108"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-merck-index-of-chemicals-and-drugs-an-encyclopedia-for-chemists-pharmacists--recoe4qxpwtqbcbq7/","name":"The Merck Index of Chemicals and Drugs: An Encyclopedia for Chemists, Pharmacists, Physicians and Members of Allied Professions","headline":"The Merck Index of Chemicals and Drugs: An Encyclopedia for Chemists, Pharmacists, Physicians and Members of Allied Professions","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-merck-index-of-chemicals-and-drugs-an-encyclopedia-for-chemists-pharmacists--recoe4qxpwtqbcbq7/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Walter Wolman"}],"datePublished":"1960-08-20","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/monthly-rhythm-of-libido-in-married-women-recj4au592d7j3pgi/","name":"Monthly rhythm of libido in married women","headline":"Monthly rhythm of libido in married women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/monthly-rhythm-of-libido-in-married-women-recj4au592d7j3pgi/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Roger Hart","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8800-0456","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University College London","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895"}}],"datePublished":"1960-04-02","abstract":"Since classical times there has been discussion on the existence or non-existence of variations in libido in women during the menstrual cycle.*This discussion reached its peak in the nineteenth and early part of the present century.The main difference of opinion lay between those who believed that there was increased libido in association with menstruation itself-that is, just before, just after, or during, or various combinations thereof (for example, Campbell, 1891 ; Kossmann, 1903; Havelock Ellis, 1910)-and those who denied the existence of any monthly enhancement of sexual desire in women (for example, Ftirbringer, 1918).The more recent literature continues to show marked differences of opinion.Thus Corner (1952) maintained that libido is maximal just before or just after menstruation, whereas Stopes (1937) considered the monthly rhythm to have two peaks, one just before menstruation and the other at mid-cycle.On the other hand, Eckstein and Zuckerman (1956) stated that \" sexual behaviour in women very rarely manifests any rhythmic pattern.\"However, according to Swyer (1954), \" Psychic changes occur throughout the menstrual cycle.So great are the variations in different individuals that generalizations are difficult to draw.Thus, whereas some women lose all or most of their libido during the menstrual period,","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5178","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British Medical Journal"}}},"pageStart":"1023","pageEnd":"1024","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.1.5178.1023","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q78759611"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj.1.5178.1023"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14400076"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q78759611"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-place-of-progesterone-in-the-treatment-of-abortion-reczpfhw7rwmy8qoc/","name":"The place of progesterone in the treatment of abortion","headline":"The place of progesterone in the treatment of abortion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-place-of-progesterone-in-the-treatment-of-abortion-reczpfhw7rwmy8qoc/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"T. E. Hunt","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hillingdon Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00jpae132"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"W R HACKETT","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hillingdon Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00jpae132"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"J MORGAN","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Hillingdon Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00jpae132"}}],"datePublished":"1960-04-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"67","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the British Empire"}},"pageStart":"323","pageEnd":"324","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1960.tb07005.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q78841052"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1471-0528.1960.tb07005.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14424111"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q78841052"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-pregnanediol-excretion-in-suspected-placental-insufficiency-rect3q7a5pbqxi9s8/","name":"The pregnanediol excretion in suspected placental insufficiency","headline":"The pregnanediol excretion in suspected placental insufficiency","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-pregnanediol-excretion-in-suspected-placental-insufficiency-rect3q7a5pbqxi9s8/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C. S. Rusell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jessop Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03wc8tg09"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D. H. Blakery","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jessop Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03wc8tg09"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"D H BLAKEY"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C J DEWHURST","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jessop Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03wc8tg09"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C S RUSSELL","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6827-9599","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jessop Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03wc8tg09"}}],"datePublished":"1960-02-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"67","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the British Empire"}},"pageStart":"1","pageEnd":"10","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1960.tb06944.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q78893913"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1471-0528.1960.tb06944.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14440289"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q78893913"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hypotensive-action-of-progesterone-in-experimental-and-human-hypertension-recqxjyoo71arcstf/","name":"Hypotensive action of progesterone in experimental and human hypertension","headline":"Hypotensive action of progesterone in experimental and human hypertension","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hypotensive-action-of-progesterone-in-experimental-and-human-hypertension-recqxjyoo71arcstf/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J G ARMSTRONG"}],"datePublished":"1959-11-01","abstract":"Summary(1) Progesterone administration to rats and dogs with experimental hypertension and to humans with primary arterial hypertension resulted in a decline in blood pressure levels. Blood pressures increased once more in all cases after progesterone was discontinued. (2) In humans, but not necessarily in rats and dogs, blood pressure reduction would appear to have resulted from natruresis.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"102","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Society for  Experimental Biology and Medicine (New York, N.Y.)"}}},"pageStart":"452","pageEnd":"455","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-102-25282","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79137026"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.3181/00379727-102-25282"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"13794314"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q79137026"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-clinical-effectiveness-of-contraceptive-methods-recxoitt8nsadjvpa/","name":"The clinical effectiveness of contraceptive methods","headline":"The clinical effectiveness of contraceptive methods","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-clinical-effectiveness-of-contraceptive-methods-recxoitt8nsadjvpa/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C TIETZE","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Population Council","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03zjj0p70"}}],"datePublished":"1959-09-01","abstract":"Physiologic effectiveness is the measure of protection against unwanted pregnancy afforded by a specific contraceptive method under ideal conditions ie, used consistently and according to instructions-without omissions, or errors of technique. Such ideal conditions are rarely present. Even when they are, it is not practicable to observe and verify them. Physiologic effectiveness, although not accessible to direct measurement, is by definition higher than the observed clinical effectiveness of the same method in the hands of the most …","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"78","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"650","pageEnd":"656","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(59)90541-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79289374"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(59)90541-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"13838351"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q79289374"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-in-blood-iii-progesterone-in-the-peripheral-blood-of-pregnant-women-recow1dumdt9bpdr0/","name":"Progesterone in blood. III. Progesterone in the peripheral blood of pregnant women","headline":"Progesterone in blood. III. Progesterone in the peripheral blood of pregnant women","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-in-blood-iii-progesterone-in-the-peripheral-blood-of-pregnant-women-recow1dumdt9bpdr0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Eton B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"B ETON"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R V SHORT"}],"datePublished":"1959-07-01","abstract":"Summary: The content of progesterone was determined in the peripheral venous blood of pregnant women from the 11th week after the last menstrual period up to the day of birth. There was a steady increase in the blood level from the 11th to the 35th week, but thereafter the level rose more rapidly, and remained high during labour itself. The significance of this rise after the 35th week is not fully understood. It may reflect a decrease in the rate of progesterone metabolism which occurs at this time. The blood level in three cases of twin pregnancy tended to be higher than the corresponding levels for single pregnancies. After removal of the placenta during elective caesarean sections, it was found that the blood progesterone level rapidly fell below the limits of sensitivity of the method. It has been estimated that the half-life of progesterone in the circulating blood must be 5 min or less.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"418","pageEnd":"425","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.0180418","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q78918601"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1677/joe.0.0180418"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14446187"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q78918601"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/some-aspects-of-the-urinary-excretion-of-pregnanediol-in-pregnancy-recmvkfjhepq1fqof/","name":"Some aspects of the urinary excretion of pregnanediol in pregnancy","headline":"Some aspects of the urinary excretion of pregnanediol in pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/some-aspects-of-the-urinary-excretion-of-pregnanediol-in-pregnancy-recmvkfjhepq1fqof/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"R P SHEARMAN","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Royal Prince Alfred Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05gpvde20"}}],"datePublished":"1959-02-01","abstract":"Results: Normal Pregnancy. Eleven pregnant women were studied at weekly intervals for periods ranging from 24 to 32 weeks. Three hundred and ten estimations were done in this group. An additional 68 assays were made in 40 patients at various stages of pregnancy, a total of 378 estimations being done in 51 patients, 189 in primigravidae and an equal number in multigravidae. Two of the patients in the first group had been attending the sterility clinic before becoming pregnant. None of the patients were suffering from hypertension …","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"66","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the British Empire"}}},"pageStart":"1","pageEnd":"11","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1959.tb01126.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54488976"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1471-0528.1959.tb01126.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"13631525"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q54488976"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clinical-effect-of-human-pituitary-follicle-stimulating-hormone-fsh-recpogzmnkjuzytql/","name":"Clinical effect of human pituitary follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)","headline":"Clinical effect of human pituitary follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/clinical-effect-of-human-pituitary-follicle-stimulating-hormone-fsh-recpogzmnkjuzytql/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Carl Gemzell","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Karolinska Institutet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056d84691"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"E DICZFALUSY","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Karolinska Institutet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056d84691"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G TILLINGER","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Karolinska Institutet","sameAs":"https://ror.org/056d84691"}}],"datePublished":"1958-12-01","abstract":"A partially purified follicle-stimulating hormone preparation (human pituitary FSH) has been obtained from human pituitaries. The ovarian response to this preparation was studied in 7 amenorrheic women. The effect of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) was studied in addition. In 4 patients exhibiting no endometrial activity or only slight proliferation, HCG alone did not induce ovulation and had no effect on the size of the uterus, on the endometrium, or on the urinary excretion of estrogen and pregnanediol. In 2 patients showing endometrial proliferation, the administration of HCG alone was followed by ovulation, a secretory transformation of the endometrium, and a marked increase in urinary pregnanediol excretion. The administration of human pituitary FSH alone to 2 patients resulted in an increase in the size of the uterine cavity, in polycystic enlargement of the ovaries, and in a pronounced increase in urinary estrogen output. Treatment with human pituitary FSH followed by HCG produced in all patients polycystic enlargement of the ovaries, ovulation in 4 out of 5, and a secretory transformation of the endometrium in 3 out of these 5 patients. Ovulation was accompanied by a marked increase in the urinary excretion of both estrogen and pregnanediol.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"12","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"1333","pageEnd":"1348","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-18-12-1333","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34245295"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jcem-18-12-1333"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"13611018"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q34245295"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/masculinization-of-the-female-fetus-associated-with-administration-of-oral-and-i-rec29rgvqzkei9p3l/","name":"Masculinization of the female fetus associated with administration of oral and intramuscular progestins during gestation: non-adrenal female pseudohermaphrodism","headline":"Masculinization of the female fetus associated with administration of oral and intramuscular progestins during gestation: non-adrenal female pseudohermaphrodism","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/masculinization-of-the-female-fetus-associated-with-administration-of-oral-and-i-rec29rgvqzkei9p3l/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"H W JONES","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jones Institute","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01g73y611"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Stempfel RS Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jones HW Jr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert S. Stempfel","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05cb1k848"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G H HOLMAN","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/05cb1k848"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L WILKINS","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}}],"datePublished":"1958-06-01","abstract":"There are relatively few reports of female pseudohermaphrodism not associated with congenital adrenal hyperplasia. The writers report 21 cases of females born with partial masculinization of the external gcnitalia, consisting of an enlarged phallus, with or without varying degrees of fusion of the labioscrotal folds. The diagnosis was established by finding female chromatin patterns, low excretion of urinary 17-kctosteroids and absence of progressive virilization. Exploratory laparotomy revealed normal ovaries and a normal female genital tract, although in some cases the vagina and urethra opened into a common urogenital sinus. In 15 of the cases, the mother had been treated because of threatened or habitual abortion with an oral progestin, 17-cthinyltestosterone (anhydrohydroxyprogesterone or ethisterone), marketed undersuch trade names as Pranone, Progestoral and Lutocjlol. In 2 cases the mother had received intramuscular injections of progesterone. In 1 case both intramuscular progesterone and oral methyltcstosterone had been given. In 3 cases no steroids were administered during pregnancy. The progestinic medication was usually begun before the tenth week of gestation and in most instances between the fourth and sixth weeks. Reasons are discussed for believing that the oral and intramuscular administration of progestins induced the partial masculinization of the female fetus. It is believed that the female fetus is affected in only occasional mothers who receive these steroids, and that in such mothers there may be an abnormality of cither the metabolism of progestins or their transmission across the placenta. It is most important to diagnose the condition correctly at birth, and to rear the infant as a female. No treatment is required except surgical correction of the abnormalities of the external genitalia. Normal female development is certain.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"18","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"559","pageEnd":"585","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-18-6-559","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56518782"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jcem-18-6-559"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"13539170"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q56518782"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/non-parametric-estimation-from-incomplete-observations-recnow3vjzxowzc4p/","name":"Nonparametric Estimation from Incomplete Observations","headline":"Nonparametric Estimation from Incomplete Observations","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/non-parametric-estimation-from-incomplete-observations-recnow3vjzxowzc4p/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E. L. Kaplan","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California Radiation Laboratory"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Paul Meier","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9105-9814","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of Chicago","sameAs":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28"}}],"datePublished":"1958-06-01","abstract":"Journal Article Pus collections in hernial sacs. An unusual complication of general peritonitis Get access K Cronin, K Cronin Department of Surgery, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H Ellis H Ellis Department of Surgery, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Surgery, Volume 46, Issue 198, January 1959, Pages 364–367, https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs.18004619810 Published: 06 December 2005","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"53","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"282","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of the American Statistical Association"}}},"pageStart":"457","pageEnd":"481","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1958.10501452","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25938997"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1080/01621459.1958.10501452"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q25938997"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-progesterone-on-the-development-of-mouse-eggs-in-vitro-recjnqc6dprhoa3nh/","name":"The effect of progesterone on the development of mouse eggs in vitro","headline":"The effect of progesterone on the development of mouse eggs in vitro","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-effect-of-progesterone-on-the-development-of-mouse-eggs-in-vitro-recjnqc6dprhoa3nh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"W K WHITTEN"}],"datePublished":"1957-11-01","abstract":"SUMMARY 1. The action of progesterone on the development of the mouse ovum from the eight-celled stage to the blastula has been studied in vitro . 2. Concentrations of progesterone below 2 μg/ml. produced no observable effect, whereas some toxicity was observed at 4 μg/ml. and few ova survived higher concentrations. 3. Herniation of the zona pellucida by the developing blastula is described; this process was inhibited by 4 μg/ml., but not by 2 μg/ml. of progesterone. 4. Blastulae appear to be more sensitive to the action of progesterone than are earlier stages. 5. Oestrogens afforded no demonstrable protection against the toxic action of progesterone when added to the culture medium. 6. The possible physiological significance of these findings is discussed.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"80","pageEnd":"85","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.0160080","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74747858"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1677/joe.0.0160080"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"13491736"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q74747858"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnanediol-excretion-in-normal-and-abnormal-pregnancy-recwtycyy2rjh9mni/","name":"Pregnanediol excretion in normal and abnormal pregnancy","headline":"Pregnanediol excretion in normal and abnormal pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnanediol-excretion-in-normal-and-abnormal-pregnancy-recwtycyy2rjh9mni/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C S RUSSELL","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6827-9599","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jessop Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03wc8tg09"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"M G COYLE","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of St Andrews","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02wn5qz54"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C J DEWHURST","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jessop Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03wc8tg09"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C G PAINE","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Jessop Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03wc8tg09"}}],"datePublished":"1957-10-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"64","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the British Empire"}}},"pageStart":"649","pageEnd":"667","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1957.tb08454.x","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74659916"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1111/j.1471-0528.1957.tb08454.x"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"13476256"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q74659916"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/toxaemia-of-pregnancy-treated-with-progesterone-during-the-symptomatic-stage-rec8vzxqya7ug5afo/","name":"Toxaemia of pregnancy treated with progesterone during the symptomatic stage","headline":"Toxaemia of pregnancy treated with progesterone during the symptomatic stage","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/toxaemia-of-pregnancy-treated-with-progesterone-during-the-symptomatic-stage-rec8vzxqya7ug5afo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"K DALTON","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University College Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wrevg56"}}],"datePublished":"1957-08-17","abstract":"While investigating the use of progesterone for the relief of premenstrual syndrome (Greene and Dalton, 1953) a high incidence of toxaemia of pregnancy (19.1 %) was recognized among sufferers from this syndrome. A further investigation, undertaken to ascertain the incidence of premenstrual syndrome in those who had previously suffered from toxemia of pregnancy, revealed that 86% of the 237 women thus affected at one time or another during the previous twelve years also suffered from premenstrual syndrome (Dalton, 1954). Furthermore, direct questioning and a scrutiny of records of these patients showed that before the full development of the signs of toxaemia–that is, oedema, hypertension, and albuminuria–most had earlier in the pregnancy experienced a symptomatic stage characterized by relatively minor afflictions–for example, lethargy 43 %, headache 48%, visual aura 37%, vertigo 29%, nausea and vomiting 16%, irritability 14%, depression 9%, and backache 6%. In fact, only 7% disclosed freedom from these symptoms during a toxaemic pregnancy. Of the 237 women, 92 (38.8%) had experienced both a normal and a toxaemic pregnancy, and 72 (78 %) contrasted the sense of well-being associated with a normal pregnancy with the malaise and minor symptoms characteristic of the toxaemic condition.\n\nThe striking feature of these early minor symptoms of toxaemia was their close resemblance to those of premenstrual syndrome noted in an earlier investigation (Greene and Dalton, 1953), most patients confirming that the minor symptoms during their toxaemic pregnancy were similar, though of increased severity, to those experienced in the premenstruum, irrespective of whether the onset of premenstrual syndrome had preceded or followed the toxaemic pregnancy.\n\nApart from the similarities of these minor symptoms in the two conditions, other points in common were noted.\n\nFor example, day-to-day observations of sufferers of premenstrual syndrome had shown that, apart from minor symptoms, some developed oedema, hypertension, and albuminuria during the premenstruum, with spontaneous improvement during menstruation.\n\nThis appeared to be analogous to the spontaneous resolution of oedema, hypertension, and albuminuria following delivery. Furthermore, if symptoms remain untreated either in premenstrual syndrome or in toxaemia both diseases may culminate in fits, epileptic in the one case, eclamptic in the other.\n\nIn an earlier investigation one of the reasons for using progesterone in the treatment of premenstrual syndrome had been that some patients suffering from this condition were symptom-free during pregnancy. It was considered that the corpus luteum and placenta supplied enough progesterone during pregnancy to keep these patients symptom-free. Others were not only unrelieved of their premenstrual symptoms during pregnancy, but, as already indicated, developed symptoms closely resembling those of the premenstruum and culminating in toxaemia. It was therefore thought possible that the development of toxaemia might in such cases arise from failure of the corpus luteum and placenta to produce sufficient progesterone.\n\nIn the light of similarities between premenstrual syndrome and toxaemia, and the fact that treatment of the former with progesterone not only relieved the symptoms (Greene and Dalton, 1953) but also prevented the development of edema, hypertension, and albuminuria in the premenstruum (Dalton, 1954, 1955), it was decided to carry out a trial, employing large doses of progesterone in patients disclosing early minor symptoms of toxaemia, in an attempt to arrest full development of that condition.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5041","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British Medical Journal"}}},"pageStart":"378","pageEnd":"381","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.2.5041.378","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74557824"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj.2.5041.378"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"13446488"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q74557824"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-block-rechlibpv3kh4dxnp/","name":"Progesterone block","headline":"Progesterone block","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-block-rechlibpv3kh4dxnp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A I Csapo"}],"datePublished":"1956-03-01","abstract":"In 1899 Gustav Born advanced the theory that the corpus luteum of the ovary is a gland of internal secretion, its activity being a prerequisite for the implantation and early development of the fertilized ovum. Conclusive proof of the theory was provided by Fraenkel ('10) in demonstrating that cauterization of the corpora lutea in pregnant rabbits leads to the resorption of the fertilized ova, provided that the operation took place during the first 7 days of gestation. He extended the period of the indispensable role of the corpora lutea in the …","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"98","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The American Journal of Anatomy"}}},"pageStart":"273","pageEnd":"291","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1002/aja.1000980206","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74062665"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1002/aja.1000980206"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"13326855"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q74062665"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/inhibition-of-the-release-of-pituitary-ovulatory-hormone-in-the-rat-by-morphine-reccit3zgzuxebiif/","name":"Inhibition of the release of pituitary ovulatory hormone in the rat by morphine","headline":"Inhibition of the release of pituitary ovulatory hormone in the rat by morphine","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/inhibition-of-the-release-of-pituitary-ovulatory-hormone-in-the-rat-by-morphine-reccit3zgzuxebiif/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"C A BARRACLOUGH","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Los Angeles","sameAs":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C H SAWYER","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2651-9398","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Los Angeles","sameAs":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60"}}],"datePublished":"1955-09-01","abstract":"AMENORRHEA and sterility are frequent accompaniments of morphine addiction in the human female (Menninger-Lerchenthal, 1934; Pescor, 1938). The mechanisms by which these effects are induced, however, are not clearly understood. In experimental animals results are contradictory. Myers and Flynn (1928, 1931) failed to observe any disturbance of estrous cycles, ovulation or fertility despite 132 days of chronic morphine treatment in rats, and their results were confirmed by Forster (1928). In contrast, treatment of mice daily for a two-month period with morphine has been reported to suppress estrus and induce atrophy of the ovary and uterus (Ko, 1934). Similar observations were noted in the rabbit (Bun, 1937).\nThe finding by Everett and Sawyer (1950) that “spontaneous” ovulation in the rat involves a neurogenic timing factor with a 24-hour rhythmicity offers a new approach to the study of the control of ovulation.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"57","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"329","pageEnd":"337","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/endo-57-3-329","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51335659"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/endo-57-3-329"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"13251238"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q51335659"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-in-human-blood-and-tissues-recmsaveyzmhziyxd/","name":"Progesterone in human blood and tissues","headline":"Progesterone in human blood and tissues","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-in-human-blood-and-tissues-recmsaveyzmhziyxd/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J ZANDER","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Philipps University of Marburg","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01rdrb571"}}],"datePublished":"1954-08-28","abstract":"THE problem as to whether progesterone is present in human peripheral blood, and in what concentrations, has not yet been solved satisfactorily.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"174","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4426","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nature"}}},"pageStart":"406","pageEnd":"407","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1038/174406b0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59062721"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/174406b0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"13194009"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q59062721"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/study-of-the-inadequate-secretion-phase-endometrium-reconk5p1dznfky4o/","name":"Study of the inadequate secretion phase endometrium","headline":"Study of the inadequate secretion phase endometrium","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/study-of-the-inadequate-secretion-phase-endometrium-reconk5p1dznfky4o/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J S GILLAM","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wells Fargo (United States)","sameAs":"https://ror.org/037r2ff59"}}],"datePublished":"1954-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"18","pageEnd":"36","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)31862-3","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73685428"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)31862-3"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"13220643"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q73685428"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-implantation-in-habitual-abortion-recjxnhkjflre7o2g/","name":"Progesterone implantation in habitual abortion","headline":"Progesterone implantation in habitual abortion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/progesterone-implantation-in-habitual-abortion-recjxnhkjflre7o2g/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Dorothy M. Daley","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2976-3784","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University College Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00wrevg56"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"G I M SWYER","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University College London","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895"}}],"datePublished":"1953-05-16","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4819","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British Medical Journal"}}},"pageStart":"1073","pageEnd":"1077","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.1.4819.1073","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50417115"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj.1.4819.1073"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"13042138"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q50417115"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/spinnbarkeit-a-characteristic-of-cervical-mucus-significance-at-ovulation-time-reclgc0a1tkshbff9/","name":"Spinnbarkeit: a characteristic of cervical mucus; significance at ovulation time","headline":"Spinnbarkeit: a characteristic of cervical mucus; significance at ovulation time","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/spinnbarkeit-a-characteristic-of-cervical-mucus-significance-at-ovulation-time-reclgc0a1tkshbff9/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"STEIN IF Sr"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Irving F. Stein"},{"@type":"Person","name":"M R COHEN"},{"@type":"Person","name":"B M KAYE"}],"datePublished":"1952-05-01","abstract":"Accurate timing of ovulation is especially necessary (1) in artificial insemination in order to avoid wastage of donor semen; (2) in cases where the husband is relatively infertile and it is necessary to conserve his semen. While many physicians rely upon the basal body temperature curve for timing ovulation, the interpretation of such curves is varied. Some physicians believe ovulation occurs prior to the lowest point in the temperature cycle, while others believe that ovulation occurs either at the low point or following the thermal shift. We have been disappointed in our ability to interpret the basal body temperature curve for accurate timing of ovulation, and have placed greater reliance upon concurrent phenomena, such as changes in the quantity and viscosity of cervical mucus and the cyclic changes observed in the vaginal smear. Although the relationship between the occurrence of a profuse, thin cervical mucus discharge and the optimal time of fertility in the human has been recognized for the past century, in our opinion this relationship requires further evaluation.\nIn his excellent review, \"Cervical mucus: Cyclic variations and their clinical significance,\" Shettles quotes Robin who, in 1848, noted the viscous nature of human cervical secretions; and Smith who, in 1865, concluded that conception is most likely when the mucus contents of the cervix are in the most fluid condition. J. Marion Sims, who invented a vaginal speculum and first described the postcoital examination in 1868, observed that the test is positive for motile spermatozoa when the cervical mucus becomes clear and translucent, and about the consistency of the white of egg. Although these observations on human cervical mucus have been well documented, they have been almost disregarded by gynecologists. The significance of the cyclical outpouring of cervical mucus has been rediscovered in the past few years and has aroused great interest in students of sterility.\nThe optimal time of fertility in domestic animals is the period of heat or estrus. In 1925, Woodman and Hammond showed that during estrus, bovine cervical mucus is fluid and capable of being drawn out into threads, whereas in diestrus the mucus is thick. Seguy and Vimeux, and Seguy and Simonnet called attention to the optimal conditions of longevity of human spermatozoa in the fluid, glairy mucus of the cervix at midcycle. They postulated that these changes in cervical mucus were associated with ovulation and could be compared to the period of estrus in subprimate mammals. They correlated these changes with visual evidence of ovulation at laparotomy.\n\nSubject: ively, many women observe an increased sticky, mucoid discharge which is typical at midcycle and which is present over a period of days. On occasion this discharge is blood-tinged and may be compared to the distinct bloody mucoid discharge present in the domestic animal \"in heat.\"\nThis mucus can be seen exuding from the cervix at midcycle and it may be aspirated from the endocervix and actually weighed, as reported by Viergiver and Pommerenke. Clift demonstrated certain rheologic properties of cervical mucus, especially flow elasticity and Spinnbarkeit. Flow elasticity, or elastic recoil of mucus, is measured by an instrument described by Blair. The use of the Blair capillary viscometer is a cumbersome method which we discontinued. We have had no experience with the new modification of the viscometer described by Clift, Glover, and Blair. Spinnbarkeit is easily tested, and we have found it to be a very practical objective method for determining viscosity of cervical mucus. In performing this test (Fig. 1), a vaginal speculum is inserted, exposing the cervix. A glass cannula is inserted into the endocervix and by means of gentle suction, a quantity of endocervical mucus is obtained. This mucus is blown onto a glass slide and a cover slip is placed on it. The mucus adheres to both the slide and the cover slip, and by withdrawing the cover slip, a thread of mucus is formed which can be measured in centimeters (Fig. 2). Usually, the cover slip is withdrawn several times, and the average length of the thread is ascertained. It is our purpose to show the relationship of Spinnbarkeit to other cyclic phenomena occurring during the menstrual cycle, such as basal body temperatures, vaginal smears, quantity of cervical mucus, and longevity of spermatozoa (Fig. 3).","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"201","pageEnd":"209","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)30900-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76221112"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)30900-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14945532"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q76221112"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-simple-test-for-the-determination-of-ovulation-estrogen-activity-and-early-pre-rec7rnul6uwgwsqn4/","name":"A simple test for the determination of ovulation, estrogen activity, and early pregnancy using the cervical mucus secretion; a preliminary report","headline":"A simple test for the determination of ovulation, estrogen activity, and early pregnancy using the cervical mucus secretion; a preliminary report","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-simple-test-for-the-determination-of-ovulation-estrogen-activity-and-early-pre-rec7rnul6uwgwsqn4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M ROLAND","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bellevue Hospital Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/01ky34z31"}}],"datePublished":"1952-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"63","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"81","pageEnd":"89","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9378(16)38983-9","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94348011"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0002-9378(16)38983-9"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14894501"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q94348011"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnanediol-determinations-in-the-clinic-and-in-research-rec02nfnlavrzauam/","name":"Pregnanediol determinations in the clinic and in research","headline":"Pregnanediol determinations in the clinic and in research","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/pregnanediol-determinations-in-the-clinic-and-in-research-rec02nfnlavrzauam/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"H de WATTEVILLE"}],"datePublished":"1951-03-01","abstract":"PREGNANEDIOL was first isolated by Marrian (1) in 1929, when he was engaged in thepurification of “oestrin” from pregnancy urine. He described the properties of this new “unidentified solid alcohol” very precisely, and his first analyses came surprisingly near to the right formula, C21H36O2,at a time when the greater part of steroid chemistry was still unknown. To-day, looking back on twenty years of chemical, biologic, and clinical research, it is comparatively easy to see the principal features of the interesting pattern which centers around the pregnanediol molecule. The first clue to the biologic significance of pregnanediol is given by its structural formula which shows a striking resemblance to that of the corpus luteum hormone, progesterone. Pregnanediol is nothing else but reduced progesterone, with all the double bonds of the latter saturated by hydrogen. Thus, the obvious inference would be that urinary pregnanediol is a metabolite of progesterone. This important fact is the reason why so many workers are interested in pregnanediol determinations.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"11","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"}}},"pageStart":"251","pageEnd":"266","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-11-3-251","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75702328"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/jcem-11-3-251"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14824266"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q75702328"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-24hour-periodicity-in-the-lhrelease-apparatus-of-female-rats-disclosed-by-barb-sdibvsv4/","name":"A 24-hour periodicity in the \"LH-release apparatus\" of female rats, disclosed by barbiturate sedation","headline":"A 24-hour periodicity in the \"LH-release apparatus\" of female rats, disclosed by barbiturate sedation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/a-24hour-periodicity-in-the-lhrelease-apparatus-of-female-rats-disclosed-by-barb-sdibvsv4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"EVERETT JW"},{"@type":"Person","name":"C H SAWYER","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2651-9398","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"University of California, Los Angeles","sameAs":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60"}}],"datePublished":"1950-09-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"47","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Endocrinology"}}},"pageStart":"198","pageEnd":"218","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1210/endo-47-3-198","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75596619"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1210/endo-47-3-198"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"14793479"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q75596619"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/habitual-abortion-prophylactic-value-of-progesterone-pellet-implantation-recsnaiv6iclwqxbh/","name":"Habitual abortion; prophylactic value of progesterone pellet implantation","headline":"Habitual abortion; prophylactic value of progesterone pellet implantation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/habitual-abortion-prophylactic-value-of-progesterone-pellet-implantation-recsnaiv6iclwqxbh/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Bishop PM"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Noni Richards"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Doll R"},{"@type":"Person","name":"P M F BISHOP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"R DOLL"}],"datePublished":"1950-07-15","abstract":"BRLTISH MDCLJOURNA physical disease: in no case referred for psychological reasons was the mental factor regarded as strong enough for interruption of the pregnancy.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4671","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British Medical Journal"}}},"pageStart":"130","pageEnd":"133","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.2.4671.130","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55517688"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj.2.4671.130"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15434335"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q55517688"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/time-required-for-conception-in-1727-planned-pregnancies-recpc87ye4pczgxfx/","name":"Time required for conception in 1727 planned pregnancies","headline":"Time required for conception in 1727 planned pregnancies","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/time-required-for-conception-in-1727-planned-pregnancies-recpc87ye4pczgxfx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"A F GUTTMACHER","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sinai Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052ra0j05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"S RUBIN","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Sinai Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052ra0j05"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"C TIETZE","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Population Council","sameAs":"https://ror.org/03zjj0p70"}}],"datePublished":"1950-07-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"338","pageEnd":"346","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)30244-8","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80749807"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)30244-8"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15435597"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q80749807"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovarian-resection-for-the-relief-of-sterility-rechb4locknyaplqv/","name":"Ovarian resection for the relief of sterility","headline":"Ovarian resection for the relief of sterility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovarian-resection-for-the-relief-of-sterility-rechb4locknyaplqv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"S R MEAKER","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Worcester Memorial Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0132qa516"}}],"datePublished":"1950-07-01","abstract":"More than twenty-five years ago Edward Reynolds gave an excellent description of the polycystic ovary, and expressed the opinion that ovarian surgery was the most important single feature in the treatment of sterility of the female. This view was not accepted by later workers in the field. Indeed, the tendency has been to consider retention cysts as items of small importance, unlikely to cause symptoms and rarely calling for treatment on their own account. It remained for Stein15- 18 and his followers to define a type of case where the presence of multiple cysts evidently interferes both with ovulation and with endocrine activity, and to show that surgery frequently succeeds in restoring normal function. I propose to discuss certain aspects of this clinical problem, and to report my own series of 65 operated cases.\nThe fundamental cause of retention cysts is probably, as Zondek believes, a phase of hypergonadotropism. Under normal conditions large numbers of primordial follicles start to mature but never complete the process. At some point along the way the ova die, whereupon the follicles regress and ultimately become insignificant corpora fibrosa. Under the influence of excessive pituitary stimulation, however, such follicles may continue to secrete liquor and to grow after the disappearance of their ova.\nSome of them eliminate themselves by delayed resorption and atrophy or, less often, by rupturing through the tunica albuginea. Others remain as permanent cystic structures. These retention cysts are pathologic, whereas atretic follicles in various stages of regression represent nothing more than phases of the normal ovulatory cycle.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Fertility and Sterility"}}},"pageStart":"293","pageEnd":"305","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)30240-0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39601485"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0015-0282(16)30240-0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15435593"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q39601485"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hydroaromatic-steroid-hormones-10-nortestosterone-rechnixg2lp1qqbqv/","name":"80. Hydroaromatic steroid hormones. Part I. 10-Nortestosterone","headline":"80. Hydroaromatic steroid hormones. Part I. 10-Nortestosterone","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/hydroaromatic-steroid-hormones-10-nortestosterone-rechnixg2lp1qqbqv/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Arthur J. Birch"}],"datePublished":"1950-01-01","abstract":"A. J. Birch, J. Chem. Soc., 1950, 367 Doi: 10.1039/JR9500000367","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of the Chemical Society (Resumed)"},"pageStart":"367","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1039/JR9500000367","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56429397"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1039/JR9500000367"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q56429397"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/some-newer-aspects-of-the-management-of-infertility-rec8mr51fbmlg7rg4/","name":"Some newer aspects of the management of infertility","headline":"Some newer aspects of the management of infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/some-newer-aspects-of-the-management-of-infertility-rec8mr51fbmlg7rg4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jones GE"},{"@type":"Person","name":"G. E. SEEGAR JONES"}],"datePublished":"1949-12-17","abstract":"A discussion of infertility would be incomplete without a comment on the changing concepts of the definition. For statistical purposes it may be necessary to retain the criterion of a three year barren marriage. However, for the most satisfactory therapeutic results it appears that investigations for infertility must be instituted before these three, possibly most valuable, years have been wasted. The validity of shortening the period is substantiated by work of Diddle1 and Guttmacher,2 who independently obtained a figure of six months as the average time for a normal couple to achieve pregnancy. Relative infertility may be considered to exist any time after a six month interval. As late marriages and prolonged use of contraceptives are an integral part of our present society (especially in the private practice group) the foregoing fact is extremely important. Patients who marry after the age of 28 are contending, after a three","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"141","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"16","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of the American Medical Association"}}},"pageStart":"1123","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1949.02910160013004","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80622277"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jama.1949.02910160013004"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"15394678"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q80622277"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/studies-of-the-human-corpus-luteum-recghlieirtehoaqx/","name":"Studies of the human corpus luteum; corpus luteum-endometrial relationships in functional utering bleeding","headline":"Studies of the human corpus luteum; corpus luteum-endometrial relationships in functional utering bleeding","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/studies-of-the-human-corpus-luteum-recghlieirtehoaqx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"H O JONES"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J I BREWER","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Northwestern University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/000e0be47"}}],"datePublished":"1948-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"55","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American journal of obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"18","pageEnd":"45","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9378(42)90811-1","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54200744"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/S0002-9378(42)90811-1"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"18918950"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q54200744"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cyclic-changes-in-the-physical-and-chemical-properties-of-cervical-mucus-reciag8ekqg8mtfp0/","name":"Cyclic changes in the physical and chemical properties of cervical mucus","headline":"Cyclic changes in the physical and chemical properties of cervical mucus","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/cyclic-changes-in-the-physical-and-chemical-properties-of-cervical-mucus-reciag8ekqg8mtfp0/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"W.T. Pommerenke","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Strong Memorial Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0583j8v67"}}],"datePublished":"1946-12-01","abstract":"Cervical mucus at midcycle is increased in amount, acellularity, water content, and fluidity. Furthermore, cervical mucus at this time is well supplied with carbohydrate and presumably amino acids. From a teleologic standpoint, we may conclude that because of these characteristics the sperm, on deposition in the vagina, find an environment propitious for their nutrition and migration through the cervical canal.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"52","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"1023","pageEnd":"1031","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(46)90420-6","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83303145"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(46)90420-6"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20277424"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q83303145"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estrogen-progesterone-therapy-a-new-approach-in-the-treatment-of-habitual-aborti-rect5on5ujr6rljhu/","name":"Estrogen-Progesterone Therapy: A New Approach in the Treatment of Habitual Abortion","headline":"Estrogen-Progesterone Therapy: A New Approach in the Treatment of Habitual Abortion","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/estrogen-progesterone-therapy-a-new-approach-in-the-treatment-of-habitual-aborti-rect5on5ujr6rljhu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Vaux NW"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Rakoff AE"}],"datePublished":"1945-12-01","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(45)90137-2","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/0002-9378(45)90137-2"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/thermogenic-effect-of-progesterone-recvjrw7shonkax7q/","name":"Thermogenic effect of progesterone","headline":"Thermogenic effect of progesterone","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/thermogenic-effect-of-progesterone-recvjrw7shonkax7q/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M BARTON","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0112-0680"},{"@type":"Person","name":"B P WIESNER"}],"datePublished":"1945-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"6380","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Lancet (London, England)"}}},"pageStart":"671","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(45)91388-2","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82062747"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0140-6736(45)91388-2"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"21004807"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q82062747"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-influence-of-menstruation-on-carbohydrate-tolerance-in-diabetes-mellitus-fqjoi5li/","name":"The Influence of Menstruation on Carbohydrate Tolerance in Diabetes Mellitus","headline":"The Influence of Menstruation on Carbohydrate Tolerance in Diabetes Mellitus","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-influence-of-menstruation-on-carbohydrate-tolerance-in-diabetes-mellitus-fqjoi5li/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Cramer HI"}],"datePublished":"1942-07-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"47","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"1","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Canadian Medical Association journal"}}},"pageStart":"51","pageEnd":"5","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35686860","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20322500"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35686860"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/œstrogenic-activity-of-alkylated-stilœstrols-recocdknbhxk5fhsu/","name":"Œstrogenic Activity of Alkylated Stilœstrols","headline":"Œstrogenic Activity of Alkylated Stilœstrols","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/œstrogenic-activity-of-alkylated-stilœstrols-recocdknbhxk5fhsu/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"E. C. Dodds","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Courtauld Institute of Art","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052411t69"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"L. Golberg","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Courtauld Institute of Art","sameAs":"https://ror.org/052411t69"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Lawson W","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1016-1081","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Monash University"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert Robinson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6367-6903","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Middlesex Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00qexeh70"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Goldberg L","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4920-2928"}],"datePublished":"1938-03-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"142","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"3583","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Nature"}}},"pageStart":"34","pageEnd":"34","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1038/142034a0","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59093889"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1038/142034a0"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q59093889"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/biopsy-studies-of-human-endometrium-criteria-of-dating-and-information-about-ame-rec4nii6gfk74rf7a/","name":"Biopsy studies of human endometrium: criteria of dating and information about amenorrhea, menorrhagia, and time of ovulation","headline":"Biopsy studies of human endometrium: criteria of dating and information about amenorrhea, menorrhagia, and time of ovulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/biopsy-studies-of-human-endometrium-criteria-of-dating-and-information-about-ame-rec4nii6gfk74rf7a/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"M K Bartlett"},{"@type":"Person","name":"J A Rock","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9970-8417","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Johns Hopkins University","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"}}],"datePublished":"1937-06-12","abstract":"Of 900 biopsies made with a small suction curet 457 from 329 women were analyzed to show the progression of the endometrium from the high-estrogen early-proliferative phase, immediately following menstruation, through the late proliferation occurring about Day 12 foll owing menstruation. Classifications from Days 14 to 27 are much easier to make because the 1st sign of progestin effect causes significant change. On Day 15 vacuolization of the cytoplasm and beginning migration of the nuclei toward the surface of the cells is seen, leaving a lucid zone underlying the nuclei. On Day 17 this zone is well-marked and the nuclei above it are lining up to lie later each beside the other near the middle of the cell. On Day 19 the row of nuclei has sunk distally near to the base of all the cells. On Day 18 a beginning edema of the stroma is seen, first in patches; by Day 21 it is generalized and the last vestige of the zona pellucida has disappeared. On Day 21 the process of secretion, which began about Day 17, is well advanced. From Day 21 on the signs of hormonal action are seen not primarily in the gla nds but in the stroma and vascular system. Edema has become generalized by Day 21; on Day 23 the stroma cells are larger, more thick-walled, and more numerous; by Day 25 the edema is replaced by masses of contiguous large cells with large pale nuclei and much cytoplasm; and on Day 26 size of the stroma cells has extended so that almost all the interglandu lar cells are contiguous. On Day 27 this solidification of the most sup erficial stroma becomes complete, the glands are widely dilated, the epithelium approaches the cuboidal, the vascular system is highly developed, and the arterioles and venules are engorged with blood. Late on Day 27, just before menstruation, lymphocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes appear in great numbers and erythrocytes appear in clumps. T he whole predeciduum is infiltrated, the stroma nuclei become pale, neutrophils appear in large numbers, the tissue disintegrates, and menstruation occurs. Understanding of this normal process can aid in clinical diagnosis of menstrual disorders. A series of biopsies taken with a small surgical curet does little tissue damage and can reveal hormonal imbalance, thin stroma associated with menopause or hypoplastic endometrium, and such pathological conditions as tuberculous endometritis and cancer of the endometrium. In the 3 cases in which a woman with unsuspected early pregnancy was biopsied, no harm was done. This study showed amenorrhea is usually due to deficient follicular development but may be present even if a proliferative endometrium shows a high degree of follicle activity; in the absence of pregnancy there is never a persistent corpus aluteum.","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"108","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"24","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Journal of the American Medical Association"}}},"pageStart":"2022","pageEnd":"2028","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1937.02780240014006","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47367749"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/jama.1937.02780240014006"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"12255649"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q47367749"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/amenorrhea-associated-with-bilateral-polycystic-ovaries-rec5hgikiihsbv0dj/","name":"Amenorrhea Associated with Bilateral Polycystic Ovaries","headline":"Amenorrhea Associated with Bilateral Polycystic Ovaries","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/amenorrhea-associated-with-bilateral-polycystic-ovaries-rec5hgikiihsbv0dj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Irving F. Stein","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Glenbrook Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/003t0xc83"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"Michael L. Leventhal","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Mercy Hospital and Medical Center","sameAs":"https://ror.org/00sb3pk12"}}],"datePublished":"1935-01-01","abstract":"Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking \"Continue,\" you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"29","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American journal of obstetrics and gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"181","pageEnd":"191","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9378(15)30642-6","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/S0002-9378(15)30642-6"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-hormonal-basis-of-premenstrual-tension-rec2b8jgmduf7z3ut/","name":"Premenstrual tension","headline":"Premenstrual tension","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/the-hormonal-basis-of-premenstrual-tension-rec2b8jgmduf7z3ut/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Robert T. Frank"}],"datePublished":"1931-11-01","abstract":"My attention has been increasingly directed to a large group of women who are handicapped by premenstrual disturbances of manifold nature. It is well known that normal women suffer varying degrees of discomfort preceding the onset of menstruation. Employers of labor take cognizance of this fact and make provision for the temporary care of their employees. These minor disturbances include increased fatigability, irritability, lack of concentration and attacks of pain. In another group of patients, the symptoms complained of are of sufficient gravity to require rest in bed for one or two days. In this group, particularly, pain plays the predominant rôle. There is still another class of patients in whom grave systemic disorders manifest themselves predominantly during the premenstrual period. REPORT OF CASESCase 1. —A young, unmarried woman suffered from frequent convulsive attacks, which later occurred exclusively within ten days preceding menstruation. Neurologic investigation resulted in a diagnosis","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"26","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"5","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Archives of Neurology And Psychiatry"}}},"pageStart":"1053","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1001/archneurpsyc.1931.02230110151009","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1001/archneurpsyc.1931.02230110151009"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulationstermin-und-konzeptionsfähigkeit-bei-der-frau-rec8dwio8maahdbh5/","name":"Ovulationstermin und Konzeptionsfähigkeit bei der Frau","headline":"Ovulationstermin und Konzeptionsfähigkeit bei der Frau","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/ovulationstermin-und-konzeptionsfähigkeit-bei-der-frau-rec8dwio8maahdbh5/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Ogino K"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Franz Wittenbeck","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Universitäts Frauenklinik","sameAs":"https://ror.org/02veq1j93"}}],"datePublished":"1930-06-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"142","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Archiv für Gynäkologie"}}},"pageStart":"446","pageEnd":"473","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01705918","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1007/BF01705918"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metastatic-or-embolic-endometriosis-due-to-the-menstrual-dissemination-of-endome-recgeyz2mulyt77dp/","name":"Metastatic or Embolic Endometriosis, due to the Menstrual Dissemination of Endometrial Tissue into the Venous Circulation","headline":"Metastatic or Embolic Endometriosis, due to the Menstrual Dissemination of Endometrial Tissue into the Venous Circulation","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/metastatic-or-embolic-endometriosis-due-to-the-menstrual-dissemination-of-endome-recgeyz2mulyt77dp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"John A. Sampson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6800-7757","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Albany Medical Center Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0307crw42"}}],"datePublished":"1927-03-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"3","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"The American journal of pathology"}}},"pageStart":"93-110.43","sameAs":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35911329","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"19969738"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q35911329"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/peritoneal-endometriosis-due-to-the-menstrual-dissemination-of-endometrial-tissu-rechjl74zccg9a0tp/","name":"Peritoneal endometriosis due to the menstrual dissemination of endometrial tissue into the peritoneal cavity","headline":"Peritoneal endometriosis due to the menstrual dissemination of endometrial tissue into the peritoneal cavity","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/peritoneal-endometriosis-due-to-the-menstrual-dissemination-of-endometrial-tissu-rechjl74zccg9a0tp/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"John A. Sampson","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6800-7757","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Albany Medical Center Hospital","sameAs":"https://ror.org/0307crw42"}}],"datePublished":"1927-01-01","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"14","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"4","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}}},"pageStart":"422","pageEnd":"469","sameAs":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9378(15)30003-x","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1016/s0002-9378(15)30003-x"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/eine-neue-methode-zur-bestimmung-des-ovulationszeitpunkts-rechzh8lxrtrhmpvj/","name":"Eine neue Methode zur Bestimmung des Ovulationszeitpunkts","headline":"Eine neue Methode zur Bestimmung des Ovulationszeitpunkts","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/eine-neue-methode-zur-bestimmung-des-ovulationszeitpunkts-rechzh8lxrtrhmpvj/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Maximilian Popovici."}],"datePublished":"1889-01-01","pageStart":"445","pageEnd":"449","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/illustrations-of-the-value-of-the-microscope-in-the-treatment-of-the-sterile-con-recfxm7qnidw5hc8p/","name":"Illustrations of the Value of the Microscope in the Treatment of the Sterile  Condition","headline":"Illustrations of the Value of the Microscope in the Treatment of the Sterile  Condition","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/illustrations-of-the-value-of-the-microscope-in-the-treatment-of-the-sterile-con-recfxm7qnidw5hc8p/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"J M Sims"}],"datePublished":"1868-11-07","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationVolume","volumeNumber":"2","isPartOf":{"@type":"PublicationIssue","issueNumber":"410","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"British Medical Journal"}}},"pageStart":"492","pageEnd":"494","sameAs":["https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.2.410.492","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58755997"],"identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"doi","value":"10.1136/bmj.2.410.492"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"20745321"},{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"wikidata","value":"Q58755997"}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/creighton-model-system-naprotechnology-from-avoiding-to-achieving-pregnancy-8qqldpc4/","name":"Creighton Model System & NaProTechnology: From Avoiding to Achieving Pregnancy","headline":"Creighton Model System & NaProTechnology: From Avoiding to Achieving Pregnancy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/creighton-model-system-naprotechnology-from-avoiding-to-achieving-pregnancy-8qqldpc4/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Blaise Milburn"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Naomi M Whittaker","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3706-3112","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UPMC Divine Mercy Women's Health"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"MD"}],"abstract":"*We are offering you a comprehensive look into women's health. By understanding natural methods and the science behind the menstrual period, the fundamental elements of conception and infertility can be easily understood.*","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/facts-elective-case-a-life-saving-fertility-surgery-eo8yk9lx/","name":"FACTS Elective Case: A Life Saving Fertility Surgery","headline":"FACTS Elective Case: A Life Saving Fertility Surgery","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/facts-elective-case-a-life-saving-fertility-surgery-eo8yk9lx/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Whittaker N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"MD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Naomi M Whittaker","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3706-3112","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UPMC Divine Mercy Women's Health"}}],"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/about-srei-icg25hfm/","name":"About SREI","headline":"About SREI","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/about-srei-icg25hfm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Society for Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility"}],"isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Society for Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteinized-unruptured-follicle-syndrome-lufs-ovulations-master-of-disguise-jxkvsoho/","name":"Luteinized Unruptured Follicle Syndrome (LUFS) -- Ovulation's Master of Disguise","headline":"Luteinized Unruptured Follicle Syndrome (LUFS) -- Ovulation's Master of Disguise","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/luteinized-unruptured-follicle-syndrome-lufs-ovulations-master-of-disguise-jxkvsoho/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Whittaker N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"MD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Naomi M Whittaker","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3706-3112","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UPMC Divine Mercy Women's Health"}}],"abstract":"1. Attendees will be able to review the key clinical criteria for diagnosing LUF\n2. Attendees will be able to list steps for medical management of LUF","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/subspecialty-certification-reproductive-endocrinology-and-infertility-vetiulza/","name":"Subspecialty certification: reproductive endocrinology and infertility","headline":"Subspecialty certification: reproductive endocrinology and infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/subspecialty-certification-reproductive-endocrinology-and-infertility-vetiulza/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"American Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology"}],"isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"American Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/infertility-surgery-for-men-vlrcydag/","name":"Infertility surgery for men","headline":"Infertility surgery for men","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/infertility-surgery-for-men-vlrcydag/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Human Fertilisation & Embryology Authority"}],"abstract":"Some men who don’t produce sperm naturally, or who have a blockage preventing sperm from coming out, can have surgery to increase their chances of conceiving. This includes men with fertility issues following chemotherapy and men who want to try and reverse a vasectomy. Surgical sperm extraction and vasectomy reversal are two common procedures.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Human Fertilisation & Embryology Authority"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/aaplog-endometriosis-surgery-101-yz2tus4a/","name":"AAPLOG Endometriosis & Surgery 101","headline":"AAPLOG Endometriosis & Surgery 101","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/aaplog-endometriosis-surgery-101-yz2tus4a/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Whittaker N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"MD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Naomi M Whittaker","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3706-3112","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UPMC Divine Mercy Women's Health"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"MIGS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"CFCMC"},{"@type":"Person","name":"FCI"}],"abstract":"To discuss candidates for surgery, tools & techniques for endometriosis surgical treatment, as well as adhesion prevention measures","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/national-art-surveillance-system-nass-zfjx66r6/","name":"National ART Surveillance System (NASS)","headline":"National ART Surveillance System (NASS)","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/national-art-surveillance-system-nass-zfjx66r6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention"}],"isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/male-reproductive-surgery-divsfrzz/","name":"Male Reproductive Surgery","headline":"Male Reproductive Surgery","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/male-reproductive-surgery-divsfrzz/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"ScienceDirect (Elsevier)"}],"isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"ScienceDirect (Elsevier)"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/rrm-restorative-reproductive-medicine-restoring-health-fertility-without-ivf-jrwzkyix/","name":"RRM: Restorative Reproductive Medicine -- Restoring Health & Fertility without IVF","headline":"RRM: Restorative Reproductive Medicine -- Restoring Health & Fertility without IVF","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/rrm-restorative-reproductive-medicine-restoring-health-fertility-without-ivf-jrwzkyix/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Whittaker N"},{"@type":"Person","name":"MD"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Naomi M Whittaker","sameAs":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3706-3112","affiliation":{"@type":"Organization","name":"UPMC Divine Mercy Women's Health"}},{"@type":"Person","name":"OBGYN/MIGS"},{"@type":"Person","name":"FCI"}],"abstract":"Creighton Model charting & scientific/physiological foundations\nCreighton model data, and how it relates to the NaProTechnology application\nTreatment approaches of NaProTechnology & Restorative Reproductive Medicine in gynecology and infertility\nBenefits of RRM vs standard REI\nConditions and Treatments","isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/surgery-for-male-infertility-s5kogar6/","name":"Surgery for Male Infertility","headline":"Surgery for Male Infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/surgery-for-male-infertility-s5kogar6/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"NYU Langone Health"}],"abstract":"Urologists at NYU Langone sometimes recommend surgery to manage conditions that cause problems with sperm production in men with infertility. Surgical options include varicocelectomy, varicocele embolization, transurethral ejaculatory duct resection, vasectomy reversal, and microsurgical testicular sperm extraction.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"NYU Langone Health"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/male-reproductive-surgery-uaxq6stm/","name":"Male Reproductive Surgery","headline":"Male Reproductive Surgery","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/male-reproductive-surgery-uaxq6stm/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"UCSF Center for Reproductive Health"}],"abstract":"Overview of male reproductive surgery from UCSF's Center for Reproductive Health. Anatomical (surgical) male-factor problems can often be corrected with surgery, while some require medical therapy or assisted reproduction; effects on semen appear ~3 months after treatment (one spermatogenesis cycle). Covers varicocele (found in 42% of infertile men; semen improvement in ~67% and ~40% pregnancy after repair), vasectomy reversal (vasovasostomy with 85-99% return of sperm and 60-65% pregnancy with a healthy partner), ejaculatory duct obstruction (resection improves semen in ~70%, 20-30% pregnancy), and sperm-retrieval techniques (MESA, PESA, testicular extraction, testis mapping) used with IVF-ICSI when reconstruction is not possible.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"UCSF Center for Reproductive Health"},"isAccessibleForFree":false}
{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/surgical-treatment-for-male-infertility-vapnlvfo/","name":"Surgical Treatment for Male Infertility","headline":"Surgical Treatment for Male Infertility","url":"https://rrmacademy.org/library/surgical-treatment-for-male-infertility-vapnlvfo/","publisher":{"@id":"https://rrmacademy.org/#organization","@type":"Organization","name":"RRM Academy","url":"https://rrmacademy.org"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Society for the Study of Male Reproduction"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Inc."}],"abstract":"Surgical treatment for male infertility may include varicocelectomy, microsurgical reconstruction, vasectomy reversal, and epididymovasostomy. These procedures can help improve sperm movement, concentration, and structure, and can be effective in reversing blockages caused by vasectomy or other conditions. It is essential to find an experienced microsurgeon to perform these procedures. The Society for the Study of Male Reproduction provides resources and information for patients and physicians, including a directory of male infertility specialists and a patient education forum.","isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Society for the Study of Male Reproduction, Inc."},"isAccessibleForFree":false}